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HISTORY 
 
 B ARNSTE AD, 
 
 FIRST SETTLEMEISTT 
 
 By JEREMIAH P. JEWETT, M. D. 
 
 Since his Decease Revised, Enlarged and Published by 
 
 ROBERT B . C A V E R L Y . 
 
 I 
 
 OF THE MIDDLESEX BAR. 
 
 LOWELL, MASS. : 
 HARDEN & ROWELL, PRINTERS, 
 
 1872. 
 
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1871, by 
 
 Robert B. Caverly, 
 In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Wasliington, 
 
TO T H !•; 
 
 HON. MARSHALL P. WILDER, 
 
 PRESIDENT OF THE NEW ENGLAND HISTORIC 
 GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY, 
 
 V'ENERABLE IN FAITH AND GOOD WORKS, 
 
 ^ h i 8 ll? 1 u ni e 
 
 IS RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED. 
 
 R. B. C. 
 
B A R N S T E A D 
 
 AND THE 
 
 ANNALS OF ITS INHABITANTS. 
 
 "It is wise for us to recur to the history of our ancestors. Those, who 
 do not look upon themselves as a link connecting the past with tlie future, 
 <lo not i>prform tlu-ir duty to the world.'' Danikl Wkbstkr. 
 
PEEFACE. 
 
 I undertook the revision and publication of tliis History 
 under many discouragements. Dr. Jewett liad in liis leisure 
 collected most of its materials, and had hastily arranged them ; 
 but early in 1870 disease came upon him, of which he soon 
 afterwards died, leaving the manuscript in a mixed condition ; 
 yet he had anxiously desired me to obtain the means, revise 
 and publish it. 
 
 The town of Barnstead, Ijeing involved in a w'ar-debt, 
 refused to aid its publication, and thereby the whole burden of 
 the outlay, as well as the work itself, was thrown upon its 
 editor, living at a distance and encumbered with other cares. 
 
 Yet many thanks are due to a citizen of the town, Dr. John 
 Wheeler, who, in sight of the embarrassment, generously vol- 
 unteered, and has given me much service and good advice in 
 obtaining the means of covering its cash expenses, and in col- 
 lecting and furnishing a large amount of materials which have 
 been used in the work. 
 
 Thanks, also, to Mary , by whose kind hand the 
 
 brief record of a hundred grave-yards has been copied, com- 
 municated, and included in these pages. Grateful acknowledg- 
 ments are also due to many others who have favored us,, and 
 whose names will be found in the appendix. 
 
 Ai^ to my own labor, for which no pay is had, performed 
 mostly late at night, outside the business of a busy profession, 
 " I give and bequeath " it to the generations as yet unborn. 
 
 Many things here recorded shall be novel to them ; shall 
 be sought for, and shall be carried down to the coming ages as 
 mementos of the past, and as gathered from the graves as well 
 as from the fire-sides of the fathers, at the dawn, and in the 
 midst of a new world. 
 
 R. B. C. 
 
 Centralville, Loicell, Mass., August, 1872. 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
 
 The New 'Wouli), 9 
 
 New England, its First Adventurers, 10 
 
 King Massasoit and Samoset, 11 
 
 Tisquantuni, alias Squanto, 12 
 
 New Hampshire and its Land Titles, 13 
 
 Indian Tribes. 19 
 
 Passaconaway and Eliot, 23 
 
 Wonalancet. — Jlajor 'STaldron, 25 
 
 War of 1722, 27 
 
 Indian Pastimes, 30 
 
 Indian Traces and Remains, 32 
 
 Origin and Habits of the Red-man, 34 
 
 The 5Iassacluisetts Colony, 36 
 
 Court Tiuals and Decisions, 37 
 
 Curious Court Records, 38 
 
 Custom of wearing long hair (barbarism), 41 
 
 Money Coined in Massachusetts, first, 41 
 
 Quakers and their Persecutions, 42 
 
 Witch-craft, 43 
 
 The Wars, 45 
 
 Barnstead, its First Grantees, 49-72 
 
 Settlements, First, 50 
 
 Meeting-House, First Built and its Dedication, .... 51 
 
 Mceting-House, Second Built, 52 
 
 Eli Bunker, his Donation, 53 
 
 Dedication of Second Meeting-House, 54 
 
 Meeting-House, Third Built, 54 
 
 The North, the Freewill Baptist, and the Centre Meeting-Houses, 56 
 
 Elder David Knowlton, First Minister, 57 
 
 Rev. Enos George, Second Minister, 58 
 
 Clergymen generally, gl 
 
 Fashions in attending Church, 64 
 
 An Incident, g^ 
 
 Freewill Baptist Denomination, its Origin, 67 
 
 Benjamin Randall, yg 
 
 .Joseph Boody, sen., go 
 
 Early Land Sales, 7j 
 
 Names of First Proprietors, 73 
 
 First Settlers, .,, 
 
 First Families, 74 gt) 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 Dimensions of the Town, its Charter, &c., lOO 
 
 Streams. 101 
 
 Fishing and Hunting, and First Records, Ki> 
 
 Province Road, 103 
 
 Soldiers in the Old Frencli War, IKj 
 
 The Revolution, 104-107 
 
 Soldiers of the Revolution, 116-120 
 
 Records, 108-116 
 
 Mason Title, 108 
 
 First Town Jleeting, 109 
 
 Town Roads, 112 
 
 Town Records, miscellaneous, 113 
 
 Old French War, Soldiers of, 110 
 
 Revolutionary Soldiers, 117 
 
 Fonds and Rivers, 121 
 
 Localities, the Parade, &c., 122 
 
 Chocorua, 123 
 
 Roads and Records, 127 
 
 Schools and School-Houses, 129-135 
 
 *i Marriages, 130 
 
 The First Grist Mill, 137 
 
 First Mail, 138 
 
 First Stage Coach, . . - 139 
 
 Social Library, 140 
 
 War of 1812 and its Soldiers, 141 
 
 Mexican War, 144 
 
 Lawyers and the Law, 144 
 
 Physicians of Barnstead, 151 
 
 College and other Graduates, 157-103 
 
 Physicians of Adjoining Towns, 159 
 
 Merchants, 105 
 
 Manufacturing, Hand Labor, &c., 107 
 
 Bricks, 169 
 
 First Saw Mill, 169 
 
 Shoes, 170 
 
 Town Pound, 171 
 
 Town Hall, 172 
 
 Sheep Marking, 172 
 
 Representatives to the Legislature, - - - - • - 173 
 
 Selectmen, 174 
 
 Town Clerks, 177 
 
 Post OfHces and Post BTasters, 178 
 
 Justices of the Peace, 179 
 
 Hara^ests and Huskings, *' - - - 179 
 
 Native Fruits, 182 
 
 Apple Trees, 183 
 
vni 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 Pears, Peaches, Cherries, &c.. . - - .... is3 
 
 The Potato, IS^ 
 
 Geology, ^^^ 
 
 Earthquakes, 1^*^ 
 
 CLIMATK. EXTKEJIES OF HEAT AND COLD. 189 
 
 Sanitary Influences, 192 
 
 September Gale of 1815, 19^ 
 
 Longevity. 19'"> 
 
 Casualties. 19« 
 
 Bones, an Incident. lO'** 
 
 Comets, their ArrEAKAxcES, &c , 199 
 
 Birds, their Coming and Habits, 201 
 
 Military, 204 
 
 An Old Fashioned Training, 20fi 
 
 Old Style and New, 209 
 
 Projiinent Events (Chronology). 209 
 
 Modern Synchronology, 213 
 
 Population and Location, - - - 218 
 
 The Great Kcbellion. Soldiers, &c., 219 
 
 March of Improvement, 223 
 
 Burial ol the Dead, 228 
 
 Appendix. 
 
 Biography of J. P. .Tewett. 231 
 
 Necrology, 233 
 
 Charter of Barnstead, 242 
 
 An old Contract of a First Proprietor. 248 
 
 Test List, from the Kevolntion, ' 251 
 
 Catalogue of Patrons to tliis work. 253 
 
 A Jlonth Among tlie Tombs (an Epic), 257 
 
 ILLUSTRATION'S 
 
 I. Portrait of Dr. J. P. .Tewett, 
 
 II. Samoset's Welcome to the English, 
 
 III. Death of King Philip, 
 
 IV. A Conflict with tlie Indians. 
 V. Portrait of Rev. Enos George, 
 
 VI. Portrait of E. S. Nutter, Esq., 
 
 VII. Indians Crossine the Suneook, 
 
 VIII. A Wheel of the Olden Time, 
 
 IX. An Old Homestead, 
 
 X. The War Horse, . 
 
 XT. Portrait of the Editor, . 
 
 Front 
 
 spieee. 
 
 10 
 
 24 
 
 44 
 
 CO 
 
 92 
 
 120 
 
 168 
 
 ISO 
 
 218 
 
HISTOEY OF BARNSTEAD. 
 
 NEW ENGLAND. 
 
 Our New World, when first found by the white man, 
 was full of wonders. Scarcely less wonderful were the 
 varied events that followed its discovery. Events that 
 wrought out to us the coming of the Pilgrims, the settling 
 of New England by a generous manhood — perpetuating 
 progress in agriculture, civilization, and the arts, and 
 affording to history its noblest, proudest chapter. The 
 landscape here, as our fathers first found it, was but little 
 else than a vast solitude, an unbroken forest, extending 
 from the sea to an unknown north and west. 
 
 This domain, vast as it was, served as a boundless 
 haunt for ferocious beasts of prey, and for scattered, wan- 
 dering tribes of savages. An eternal stillness pervaded 
 the land ; broken only occasionally by the bowlings of the 
 storm, and by the boisterous roar of the ocean wave. Oh, 
 how different was it then from now ! 
 
 The bleak hoarse winds ceased not at misery's moan. 
 To the shivering heart no pitying hand was raised ; 
 Cheerless and cold an angry winter howled ; 
 Imbittered was the night, and lonely was the day. 
 
 Such was the New World when Columbus, in 1492, on the 
 11th of October, at midnight, discovered it. 
 
10 HISTORY OP BARNSTEAD. 
 
 1492 
 
 After this, and up to the time of the landing of the 
 Pilgrims at Plymouth, December 11, (O. S.), 1620, vari- 
 ous adventurers from the Old World visited the coasts of 
 New England ; some for the purpose of making liiscover- 
 ies ; some to make trades with the natives ; and some 
 with an intent of establishing settlements here, and for 
 other purposes. 
 
 The first of these voyagers was Sir Francis Drake, 
 who, in 1586, visited these shores while on his adventurous 
 voyage around the world. 
 
 The privations which attended the first settlers in 
 New England were great indeed; yet there seems to have 
 been a providential design in their creation, and in the 
 preparation of their adventurous minds for such a pur- 
 pose. 
 
 To fulfil such a destiny it was theirs to advance civiliza- 
 tion, to fell the forests, to make the rough places smooth, 
 and to fill the laud with fair fields and green pastures. By 
 their faithfulness, force and endurance, towns, cities and 
 Slates, as if by magic, came into life, exerting an influence 
 to the utmost bounds of the American Continent, and 
 beyond the seas. 
 
 In our day it is entertaining and useful to contemplate 
 the result of a beginning so benign and successful, — 
 fraught as it proved to be with so much of hardships, en- 
 durance, and self-sacrifice. They have gone to their ac- 
 count — yet their histor}^ is written on the countenances of 
 an enlightened, progressive people — of all men it may be 
 read on the bright folds of our national flag whenever and 
 wherever the sun's rays fall upon it, as it bears on high to 
 the nations of the world the emblems of unity, inde- 
 pendence, prosperity and beauty. 
 
S A M O S E T. 
 
16^0 NEW ENGLAND. 11 
 
 The early pioneers, after landing at Plymouth, estab- 
 lished a code of moral laws, wliieh, coupled with the 
 religion they taught, proved salutary, and which, though 
 two centuries have come and gone, still exist, taking deep 
 root ; and which are destined forever to live, directing and 
 inspiring the coming generations of men. 
 
 Their absence from a native home, and former friends, 
 their privations in the severe winters, their sutferings for 
 the want of shelter, food and clothing ; these, and their 
 many other trials, served but to increase their trust in that 
 God who had sustained them, and whom they devoutly 
 worshipped. To make this land a fit place for the enjoy- 
 ment of their puritanical faith was the general design of 
 their ambition ; and to this end they lived and labored. 
 
 The first voyagers to New England had discovered 
 many things new, curious and strange. Among the native 
 savages which the Pilgrims found here in 1621, who had 
 been spared to survive the plague of 1617-18, were two 
 distinguished natives, iSamoset, and Tisquantum alias 
 Squanto. They were loyal to their King, Massasoit, and yet 
 were entirely friendly to the Pilgrims, who in turn treated 
 them kindly. Samoset, as he came from the wilderness 
 to meet them, has been described thus : 
 
 " From thence Sajioset comes with heart and hand 
 To welcome Englishmen, and grant them land; — 
 His visage dark, with long and raven hair. 
 No treacherous marks his beardless features bear, 
 With frame erect, and strangely painted o'er. 
 Belted around his loins, a Sagamore, 
 Whose bony arm a bow and arrow held, 
 A heart unsoiled his tawny bosom swelled 
 To generous deeds. He broken English spake. 
 And talked anon of men, — of Francis Drake, 
 That gallant white man, years before, who came, 
 And gave New England her historic name ; 
 
12 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1622 
 
 Of Captain Smith who since surveyed the coast. 
 And other voyagers, now a scattered host; 
 Of former days some history tried to give, 
 And • lay of land ' where rambling red men live." 
 
 [From li. B. Caverlij's "Merrimac." page2i.'\ 
 
 Some of the Indians (so-called) which the voyagers 
 first found here, were from time to time taken and con- 
 veyed by their captors to various parts of the Eastern 
 World, and were oftentimes exhibited there as objects of 
 wonder and curiosity. Among the many who were thus 
 taken away, was Tisquantum, (previously named), whose 
 brief history may be of interest in this place. 
 
 He was conveyed to England by the adventurers Way- 
 mouth and Hunt. But after a considerable time had 
 elapsed, he obtained a passage back to this country and 
 prior to 1617-18 had become chief of the Patuxet tribe. 
 And, as it happened, war with the Tarratines and the 
 plague of those years had destroyed that entire tribe, with 
 the exception of this same Tisquantum, its chief, leaving 
 him here alone in the wilderness, daily witnessing but little 
 else than the unburied bones of his race. When the Pil- 
 grims came he joined their church, became their inter- 
 preter, and during the remainder of his life (two years) 
 made himself useful to them. He died in December, 1622. 
 This event has been poetized thus : 
 
 ■' Squanto meanwhile who'd served a peaceful end. 
 And in the Pilgrim's God had found a friend, 
 Bereaved and worn by care of bygone years 
 In mazy pathways through a vale of tears. 
 Fall* sick ; and as by fever low depressed, 
 And life in doubt, to Pilgrims thus addressed 
 His sovereign will : ' This hunting-ground is mine ; 
 The lakes, the vales, those mountain-heights sublime. 
 The green-grown banks where Merrimac bright glows. 
 And all the hills far as man's vision goes. 
 
1625 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 13 
 
 These spacious wilds my kindred, now no more, 
 
 In full dominion held and hunted o'er ; 
 
 Then dying, all their titles thus descend 
 
 To me, TiSQUANTUM, now so near, tliis end 
 
 Of life. To thee, my Tilgrim friends, I give 
 
 This broad domain ; here may the white man live ; 
 
 My bow and arrow, too. — I give thee all. 
 
 Hence let me go, obedient to the call 
 
 Of Angel Death. Adieu I' 
 
 Thus gracious dies 
 The last red man beneath Patuxet skies, 
 And thus the English sole possession share 
 By will from Squanto, all these regions fair. 
 Forever thence to lay the forest low, 
 To fence fair fields, and drive the crooked plow, 
 To waste the wigwams which for ages spread 
 The wild, and build broad mansions in their stead. 
 School-houses neat, each in its needful place. 
 And sacred temples to their God of grace." 
 
 [Caverly's ^' Merrimac," page 26.] 
 
 The destruction of the Patuxet tribe was regarded 
 by the Pilgrims as a special interposition of Providence 
 in opening a space for their colony in New England. 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 In 1620 Captain John Mason obtained from the Ply- 
 mouth colony a grant of land extending from the river 
 Naumkeag around Cape Ann to the river " Merrimake," 
 and up these rivers to the farthest head thereof; — then to 
 cross over from the head of the one to the head of the 
 other. The territory thus included was called " Mari- 
 anna." 
 
14 HISTORY OF BARNSTKAD. 1629 
 
 The next year (1621) a grant was made of other ter- 
 ritory jointly to Gorges and Mason, of all the lands 
 between the rivers " Merrimake " and " Sagerdahock,'' 
 (now known as the Kinnebec), extending hack to the 
 great lake and river of Canada — and this tract was 
 called Laconia. 
 
 Under this grant Gorges and Mason, in conjnnction 
 with others, styled themselves The Com^Kiny of Laco- 
 nia^ and commenced the settlement of a colony at 
 Piscataqua. At Little Harbor they established salt 
 works. 
 
 In 1629 Captnin Mason procured a new patent under 
 the seal of '•'• Pl^aitiouth," for the land from the middle of 
 Piscataqua river, and up the same " to the farthest head 
 thereof;" and from thence northwestward "until sixt}' 
 miles from the mouth of the harbour were finished." Also 
 " through Merrimack river to the farthest head thereof, 
 and so forward up in to the land westward until sixty miles 
 is finished ; and from thence to cover over land to the end 
 of the sixty miles accounted , from Piscataqua river, to- 
 gether with all the islands within five leagues of the coast." 
 This tract of land was called New Hampshire. It took 
 its name from HarnjisMi-e, a county in England. 
 
 This territory appears to have included the whole of what 
 was called " the Wheelwright purchase," and this patejit 
 was obtained, as may well be supposed, for the purpose of 
 fortifying Mason's first title to the same tract of country, 
 which had been obtained by him and Gorges seven years 
 previously. 
 
 Also, in the year 1629, some of the few planters on the 
 Massachusetts Bay, being desirous of making a settle- 
 ment in the neighborhood of Piscataqua, and following the 
 
1630 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 15 
 
 example of those of Plymouth who had purchased their 
 lauds of the Indians, and recognizing the validity of 
 Indian titles, notified a general meeting of the tribes at 
 Swampscott Falls, at which the}^ obtained a deed of Passa- 
 conawa}', Sagamore of Peuacook, Runawick of Pentucket, 
 Wahangowit, of Swampscott, and Rolls of Newchannock» 
 wherein they express their desire to have the English come 
 and settle among them as in Massachusetts ; and whereby 
 they hoped to be strengthened against their enemies, the 
 Tarratines. Accordingly with the universal consent of 
 their subjects, for what they deemed a valuable considera- 
 tion in coats, shirts and kettles, they sell to John Wheel- 
 wright of Massachusetts, minister, Augustus Storer, Th. 
 Wright, William Wentworth and Thomas Leavitt, "All 
 that part of land bounded by the river Piscataqua and the 
 river Merrimacke, and up said river to the Falls of Pa- 
 Lucket : to begin at Newichewannok Falls in Piscataqua 
 river, and down said river to the sea, and along said shore 
 to the Merrimack, and from the Northeast line of the Mer- 
 rimack at the Falls twenty English miles unto the woods, 
 and from thence upon a straight line northeast till it 
 meets with the main river from the falls to Newichewan- 
 nok falls aforesaid." 
 
 The northwest line here described ends within the 
 towaiship of Amherst, and the northeast line crosses the 
 river Merrimac at Amoskeag Falls, and passes through 
 Chester, Nottingham, Harrington, Rochester, intersecting 
 Newichewannok River ten miles above Salmon Falls. 
 
 The conditions of this grant were, that Wheelwright 
 should have ten years to begin a plantation at Swamp- 
 scott Falls ; that other inhabitants should have the same 
 privilege with him ; that no plantation should exceed ten 
 
16 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1631 
 
 miles square ; that no lands should be granted but in 
 townships ; that these should be subject to the Massachu- 
 setts Colony, until they acquired a settled government 
 among themselves ; that for each township there should 
 be paid one coat of frocking cloth as an annual acknowl- 
 edgement to Passaconaway or his successor ; and two 
 bushels of corn to Wheelwright and his heirs ; the Indians 
 reserving the riglit and liberty of Ashing, fowling, hunt- 
 ing, and planting within said limits. 
 
 By deeds like these the English inhabitants within this 
 territory obtained titles from the native proprietors of the 
 soil. 
 
 Previous to the conveyance aboA^e named. Captain 
 John Mason had a deed which he and his heirs held for 
 many years, annoying the inhabitants, retarding their prog- 
 ress, and ending in disputations, and which was settled 
 at last by legislation. 
 
 Laconia had been explored by adventurers, and de- 
 scribed as containing divers lakes, and extending back to 
 the great lake and rivers in the countrj^ of the Iroquois. 
 The lake was said to be fair and large, containing many 
 beautiful islands ; the air pure and salubrious ; the coun- 
 try pleasant, having some high hills, with loftj'^ forests, 
 fair valleys and fertile plains, abounding with vines, and 
 with chestnuts, walnuts and many other sorts of fruit. 
 The rivers were represented to be well supplied with fish 
 and as environed with spacious meadows thick-set with 
 timber-trees. 
 
 In the great lake, as they said, there were four islands 
 covered with pleasant woods and meadows, having in 
 them stags, fallow elk, roebuck and other game. These 
 islands were described to be commodiouslv situated for 
 
1632 NEW HAMPSHIRE, 17 
 
 habitation and traffic in the surroundings of a fine lake, 
 affording the most delicate fish for the household. 
 
 In 1631 Neal, the agent of Mason, with several others, 
 set out on fopt to visit the beautiful lake and settle a 
 trade with the Indians. They calculated the distance to 
 be less than a hundred miles. 
 
 In the course of their travels they visited the White 
 Mountains, describing them to be " a ridge extending a 
 hundred leagues, on which snow Ij'eth all the year." On 
 one of these mountains they report as having found a 
 plain of a da3''s journey, whereupon nothing grows but 
 moss ; and at the end of this plain a rude heap of many 
 stones, one on the top of another, a mile high ; on which 
 one might ascend from stone to stone like a flight of wind- 
 ing stairs, at the top of which there was another level of 
 about an acre, with a pond of clear water. This summit 
 they desci'ibed to be far up above the clouds. That from 
 here they beheld a vapour like a vast pillar drawn up by 
 the sun-beams out of the vast lake into the air, where it 
 was formed into a cloud. 
 
 The country beyond these mountains northward was 
 described to be full of rocky elevations as thick as mole- 
 hills in a meadow, and clothed with infinite thick woods. 
 They expressed the hope of finding precious stones on 
 these mountains ; and something like crystals being picked 
 up, these elevations took the name " Chrystal Hills." 
 
 From here these adventurers continued their search for 
 the lake until finding their provisions nearly spent, and, 
 the forests of Laconia yielding no supply, they were 
 obliged to return ; and at a time when they supposed 
 themselves within a day's journey of the lake itself. 
 
18 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1641 
 
 By the death of Mason in 1635 many a visionary 
 scheme, for speculation, aggrandizement, and power, 
 waned away and failed. Governor Winthrop in his jour- 
 nal of 1636, says : " The last winter Captain Mason died. 
 He was the chief mover in all attempts against us. But 
 the Lord in mercy taking him away, all the business fell 
 asleep." 
 
 It would seem that the Colony of Massachusetts never 
 had much respect for Mason, nor for his religion, nor for 
 his method of doing business. 
 
 After the death of Mason, New Hampshire was, by 
 his will, lotted out to his heirs in portions to suit its pro- 
 visions. There were however several churches and schools 
 which were remembered in his legacies. 
 
 Both Mason and Gorges did much in tlie settlement of 
 this part of the country, but lost a considerable portion of 
 their estates in the undertaking. Piscataqua and many 
 other towns, having at this time no regular government, 
 thought best to join with Massachusetts for aid and pro- 
 tection. And in 1641 the Court on the part of Massachu- 
 setts consented that these towns should be admitted and 
 allowed to enjoy the same privileges with the rest of the 
 Colony, for whom the Court was empowered to act. Under 
 this arrangement these towns were allowed to send two 
 Deputies to the General Court. The freemen had a right 
 to vote in town affairs, although not church members. By 
 such annexation Essex County was made to extend over 
 all the English neighborhoods of New Hampshire. 
 
 From this time a new impetus was given to settlements, 
 especially in the lower towns. Mason was dead. His 
 titles to this large tract of territory were not acknowledged 
 by Massachusetts. His heirs soon laid claim to it, and 
 
1642 INDIAN TRIBES. 19 
 
 deeded away numerous townships. Still their titles were 
 doubted, and after a lapse of more than half a century a 
 renewal of questions of law relating to the old Mason 
 titles created much anxiety among the settlers. Suits 
 were brought — settlers were ejected — and for more than 
 a hundred years this old title was at issue, creating much 
 expense and trouble among the settlers. Legislative ac- 
 tion however settled it finally, and restored to the parties 
 peace and quietude. 
 
 THE INDIANS. 
 
 In the early part of the 17th century the country along 
 the coasts of New England was divided and claimed by 
 difierent tribes of Indians, all speaking nearly the same 
 language. 
 
 Captain John Smith, a voyager in 1614, gives a minute 
 account of them. Most of these tribes occupied the same 
 positions for nearly a century after the country was being 
 settled by the English. The Penobscots were represented 
 to have been the most powerful nation in New England. 
 They were under the control of a Bashaba, or chief, who 
 held all the tribes in the district of Maine subjected to 
 him as allies. 
 
 He was at war with the Tarratines, a warlike nation, 
 who from the north often invaded him, sometimes secretly, 
 and who at length slew him and murdered his family. The 
 particulars of this war are not fully known. But as tra- 
 
20 HISTORY OI BARNSTEAD. 
 
 1643 
 
 dition has it, the sachem above referred to, " had his prin- 
 cipal seat upon a small hill, or rising upland, in the midst 
 of a body of salt marsh in the township of Dorchester, 
 near to a place called Squantum." 
 
 After the death of their chief by the Tarratines a 
 division arose between them in the choice of their next 
 Bashaba, of which the Tarratines took advantage, and 
 soon over-powering them, waged a war of extermination 
 all along the coast of Massachusetts. 
 
 Hand in hand, as it were, with the perpetrators of 
 these deeds of bloodshed, the pestilence of 1617-18, or 
 the plague as it was called, came upon them, so that in 
 1620 the tribes upon the sea-coast from the St. Croix to 
 Cape Cod had become greatly reduced in numbers, and in 
 some regions almost entirely extinct. And thus the hills 
 and vales, and banks of the New England rivers were 
 made white with their bones. Such was the situation when 
 the Pilgrims came. 
 
 •• They meet ' old Squanto ' wandering here alone, 
 Who, sore depressed — bereaved of friends and home — 
 Recounts events which true tradition brought, 
 Of Indian life, what sad experience taught. 
 How far and near the dead unburied lay. 
 His own Patuxet tribes all swept away ; 
 Yet nations seaward deep in woods afar. 
 Spared from the scourge of pestilence and war. 
 Still thrive. There Massasoit, whose power maintains 
 The peace of tribes, in full dominion reigns." 
 
 [Caverly's '' Merrimac," l)age 23.] 
 
 Captain Smith says : " They had three plagues within 
 three years, extending about three hundred miles on the 
 coast." " It is certain," he says, "■ there was an exceed- 
 ingly great plague among them ; for where I have seen 
 
1644 INDIANS IN NEW HAMPSHIRE. 21 
 
 two or three hundreds, within three years afterwards there 
 remained no more than thirty." Speaking of the Paw- 
 tuckets, a powerful nation on the Merrimac River, who 
 before that war with the Tarratines could muster 3,000 
 warriors, he says scarcely as many hundreds remain- 
 They overawed the Peuobscots and Pawtuckets, leaving 
 the land strewed with the victims of their revenge. 
 
 Whatever the disease above referred to may have 
 been, it appears to have extended south as far as Cape 
 Cod, and yet wherever it went, was extreme in its viru- 
 lence, destroying almost all, so that the Pilgrims at their 
 landing, and for many years afterwards, had but little to 
 fear, as from the strong tribes which for years previously 
 had inhabited this part of New England. Yet they had 
 to use much precaution and vigilance as against the south- 
 ern tribes and others of the interior who had been less 
 afflicted of disease and war. 
 
 INDIANS AS FOUND HERE. 
 
 The first explorers of New Hampshire found the natives 
 friendly. Generally they were entertained by them with 
 a generous feeling, seldom if ever doubting their sincer- 
 ity and truth. But when instead of being masters of their 
 own soil, they found themselves in the attitude of degraded 
 servants, through the indiscreet invasions of the white 
 man, some of them became implacable enemies, quick at 
 resentment, and reckless in revenge. 
 
22 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1645 
 
 Among the most powerful tribes were the Pnwtuckets 
 and Penacooks. They were ruled and led by the Saga- 
 more, Passaconawa3\ He was a noted chief whose dominion 
 extended over a very large part of New England. Nearly 
 all the difficulties that arose among his people were sub- 
 mitted to his consideration and decision. His territory 
 extended from the sea to the mountains, and from the 
 Penobscot to the Merrimac River. His places of resi- 
 dence were at Pawtucket, Piscataqua, and at Penacook. 
 Thomas Morton in his New England Canaan, writes of 
 him thus : " Papsiquimo, the Sachem or Sagamore of 
 the territories near Merrimack River, is a man of the best 
 note and estimation in all these parts ; and (as mj' coun- 
 tr^anan, Mr. Wood, declares in his prospectus) a great 
 necromancer." We infer from an account of him in Win- 
 throp's journal, that Passaconaway was a clever juggler as 
 well as warrior. In full belief of his supernatural powers, 
 his tribes were held in awe of him, and their destinies 
 were controlled in a great degree by this as well as by his 
 wise councils. They believed he could make a dry leaf 
 turn green ; that he could make water burn, and then 
 make it turn to ice ; that he could hold the rattle-snake in 
 his hands without danger of hurt or harm. 
 
 On the 17th of June, 1629, he, with his three subordi- 
 nate Sagamores, sold all the lands extending from the 
 Piscataqua to the Merrimac Rivers, and from the line of 
 Massachusetts thirty miles into the country, to the Rev. 
 John Wheelwright and his associates. 
 
 By this conveyance Passaconaway seems to have 
 strengthened his line of defence as against his eastern 
 enemies by cherishing the friendship .which had ever 
 existed between him and his English neighbors, and 
 
1650 INDIANS IN NEW HAMPSHIRE. 23 
 
 creating in tliem an interest to assist him if occasion 
 might require it in defending his own cherished hunting- 
 grounds. 
 
 But in 1642 a suspicion arose among the English that 
 a conspiracy was being formed by the Indians to crush 
 out the white man. Thereupon men were sent out to 
 arrest some of the principal chiefs ; and forty of them 
 were directed to arrest Passaconaway, but he escaped by 
 reason of an intervening storm. His son, Wonalancet, 
 not being so fortunate, was takea, but his squaw escaped. 
 As Winthrop relates it, they barbarously and insultingly 
 led Wonalancet away by a rope ; that he loosened the 
 rope and escaped from them, but was finally retaken. 
 
 For such a wrong Passaconaway was afterwards dis- 
 trustful of his English advisors. For this, in 16 i7, he 
 refused to see his friend Eliot, while both were giving 
 attendance to the fishing season at Pawtucket Falls. Being- 
 fearful that the English would kill him, he regarded their 
 religion, which seemed to tolerate such invasions upon the 
 rights of the red man, to be unworthy of his attention. But 
 in 1648, when Eliot again visited Pawtucket Falls at the 
 fishing season, Passaconaway was then pleased to hear his 
 preaching. To the assembled Indians Eliot then preached 
 from this text : — 
 
 " From the rising of the sun even to the going down of the 
 same, my name shall be great among the Gentiles ; and in every 
 place incense shall be ofiered unto my name, and a pure oflering : 
 for my name shall be great among the heathen, saith the Lord 
 of hosts." — Malachi, i : xi. 
 
 The Indians paid respectful attention, and after the 
 discourse was closed proposed many questions. 
 
24 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1660 
 
 At length Passaconaway arose amid the most pro- 
 found attention and announced his belief in the God of 
 the English. Says Eliot : " He said ' he had never heard 
 of God before as he now doth ; ' " and that he would per- 
 suade his sons to do the same, pointing to two of them 
 who were present. 
 
 Passaconaway was doubtless sincere in his belief, 
 and as it appears, so continued until his death. We have 
 but little else of this chief until 1660, when he had be- 
 come old, he was at Pawtucket Falls, on the Merrimac, 
 at a great assemblage of Indians, where, as Captain Goo- 
 kin says, they had a great feast. 
 
 The old Sagamore then and there made a farewell ad- 
 dress to his tribes. His raiment was plain but somewhat 
 gaudy and beautiful. He was full of sorrow, being deeply 
 affected ; his utterances were tremulous yet musical. 
 Standing erect before that assembled multitude, he said : 
 
 " Hearken to the words of your Father! I am au old oak 
 that has withstood the storms of more than a hundred winters ! 
 Leaves aud branches have been stripped from me by the winds 
 and frosts ! My eyes are dim ; my limbs totter — I must soon 
 fall ! 
 
 When young no one could bury the hatchet in a sapling be- 
 fore me. My arrows could pierce the deer at a hundred rods. 
 No wigwam had so many furs, no pole had so many scalp-locks 
 as Passaconaway 's. Then I delighted in war. The whoop of 
 the Peuacooks was heard on the Mohawk, and no voice so loud 
 as Passacouaway's. The scalps upon the pole in my wigwam 
 told the story of Mohawk suffering. The English came — they 
 seized the lauds — they followed upon my foot-path. I made 
 war on them; but they fought with fire and thunder — my 
 young men were swept down before me wheu no one was near, 
 them. I tried sorcery against them, but they still increased and 
 
IC,7C> INDIANS. IN NKW HAMPSHIRE. 25 
 
 prevailed over me and mine; and I ,!j,ave place to them and 
 retired to my beautiful Island, Naticook. I, that can make the dry 
 leaf turn green and live again; I, that can take the rattle-snake 
 in my pahn as I would a worm without harm ; I, that have had 
 communication with the Great Spirit, dreaming and awake — 1 
 am powerless before the pale faces ! Tliese meadows they shall 
 turn witli the plow ; these forests shall fall by the axe ; the pale 
 fixces shall live upon your hunting-grounds, and make their vil- 
 lages tipon your fishing-places ! 
 
 The Great Spirit says this, and it nuist be so ! We are few 
 and powerless before them. We must bend before the storm — 
 peace with the white man is the command of the Great Spirit, 
 and the wish — the last wish — of Passa'^onaway." 
 
 Soon after this, his mantle fell ui)oii his son Wonalan- 
 eet, who continued Sagamore of the Penaeooks for several 
 years, yet he was always at peace with the English. 
 
 At the breaking out (.f King Phili[)'s war he was 
 strongly besought by the neighboring tribes to engage in 
 it, but he continued friendly, iis did also the Ossipees and 
 Pequawkets. Many of the Indians who had joined Philip 
 against the English had returned into the wilderness and 
 united with the Penaeooks, the Pequawkets and Ossipees. 
 hoping thereby to be taken as belonging to those peaceful 
 tribes, and thus avoid danger. 
 
 In 1676 there came to Cocheco (now Dover) Wonalan- 
 cet, and with him and through his influence about four 
 hundred Indians. These had the promise of good usage, 
 and had the advice of iMajor Waldron been followed they 
 would have been treated ditferently, and good faith would 
 have been kept with them. But the result proved other- 
 wise. Major Waldron, as has been alleged, sometimes 
 may have been unfair in his dealings with the Indians in 
 this, that " his fist " may have been made somewhat heav- 
 
26 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1C80 
 
 ier than a pound weight in the purchase of furs — yet 
 generally he had been their friend. There had been 
 various troubles l)y which many of the Indians had be- 
 come hostile to the English. Consequently an order had 
 been issued to capture and secure all the Indians as they 
 were then gathered at Cocheco. Tlu^ English got up 'a 
 military parade there ; and as had been previously con- 
 certed, the Indians had been furnished with cannon mounted 
 on wheels, which pleased them. The gunners were sup- 
 plied from the English ; the Indians managing the drag- 
 ropes, and a sham-figh: commenced. As if by accident, 
 one of the canuons exploded in the direction of the line of 
 Indians, killing some and wounding others ; at the 
 same time the English infantry by a preconcerted manoeu- 
 vre enclosed the Indians on all sides, securing and disarm- 
 ing them without loss or injury on their part. 
 
 Wonalancet and the friendly Penacooks, Pequawkets 
 and Ossij^ees were dismissed to their homes, while the 
 others to the number of 300, known to l)e fighting men, 
 were taken to Boston, seven or eight of them hanged, and 
 the rest of them sold into slavery. 
 
 " Oh, God forgive our Saxon race ; 
 Blot from thy book, no more to trace 
 
 Fraternal wrath infernal; 
 That taints the atmosphere we breathe — 
 The sky above, and earth beneath. 
 
 Like dearth and death eternal I " 
 
 [Curcrli/'s Poems, vol. 2. p. 17.] 
 
 Wonalancet, although he had lost all faith in the 
 promises of the English settlers, still adhered to the 
 advice given him by his father. He sought peace and 
 was in the habit of giving notice to them of danger 
 whenever there was occasion for it. 
 
168G INDIANS IN NEW HAMPSHIRE. 27 
 
 In 1686 he sold out all his tracts of land in New 
 Hampshire and Massachusetts, not previously disposed 
 of, and left the pale faces and the graves of his fathers 
 forever, and obtained a distant home in the dense forest 
 where no intruder could come to disturb the peace and 
 quiet of his old age. 
 
 The Pawtuckets, after his departure, began to diminish 
 and gradually vanished away, through the over-powering 
 numbers and influence of their white neighbors, who as it 
 seemed, continually intruded upon their hunting grounds, 
 and otherwise became more and more offensive. 
 
 Finally the Indians of New Hampshire for many years 
 roamed quietly, and gradually diminished in numbers ; 
 yet they obeyed the injunction of their old Sachem, and 
 the example of his son, who had ever proved true and 
 friendly to the English. 
 
 The encroachments of the English upon the lands of 
 the Indians, often and continually made, had everywhere 
 in New England become a source of much discontent. 
 
 The French, many of whom had settled in the north 
 and east, were inclined to take sides with the natives, 
 and doubtless did much to fan the flame of impending 
 hostilities. Mad, with revenge, the Indians soon made 
 war upon their English neighbors, by killing their cattle, 
 by burning their hay-stacks, and by violence in almost all 
 the forms which a savage could invent. 
 
 The English of course imputed most of this trouble to 
 French influence ; and charged much of the blame to one 
 Sebastian Ralle, a French Jesuit who resided among the 
 Indians at Norridgewock. Father Ralle, as they called 
 him, had resided there some thirty years, had built a 
 chapel, and was the religious teacher of many of the 
 
28 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1730 
 
 Indians that wandered in the valley of the Kennebec and 
 elsewhere. For wrongs on the part of Ealle the English 
 sought to arrest him ; and in 1722 a deputation of armed 
 men under Colonel Thomas Westbrook were sent to catch 
 and imprison him, but anticipating th«'ir approach, Ralle 
 escaped. Yet in Ralle's " strong box," (as it was called) 
 they found certain letters from the French Governor in 
 Canada, which tended to prove with much certainty that 
 Ralle had been one of the leaders in exciting the Indians 
 to violence upon the English. 
 
 For these proceedings against their spiritual adviser 
 the Indians became still more exasperated, and an attack 
 upon the settlement at Merry Meeting Bay soon fol- 
 lowed ; then an attempt was made to take St. Geoige's 
 Fort, and then in this same year (1722) raids were made 
 by the Indians on various villages in New Hampshire. 
 
 Thereupon proclamations by the Governors of Massa- 
 chusetts and New Hampshire were made, declaring war 
 against them. Companies of soldiers were raised and 
 bodies of armed men were sent in pursuit of the savages ; 
 l)ut the effort *vas attended vvith very little success. The 
 Indians still sought revenge; and the fall of 1724 was 
 marked by more than ordinary depredations and violence. 
 Fear and consternation prevailed in the frontier towns as 
 well as at the older and larger places on the coast. 
 
 The government was poor and inefficient. It was 
 difficult to raise men. Great excitement i)revailed. 
 
 About this time attacks were made upon Dunstable, 
 a part of which is now Nashua. During this year the 
 famous battle at Pequawket was fought by Lovewell. 
 
17(10 INDIANS IN NEW HAMPSHIRE. 29 
 
 The Indians assailed the English garrison-houses, took 
 whole families prisoners, killing and scalping many, and 
 carrying off others into Canada. 
 
 These depredations inducing war and bloodshed, con- 
 tinned for many years, making it dangerous for the 
 English to labor in their fields, or even to attend public 
 worship on the Sabbath. 
 
 Exeter, Cocheco, Penacook. Contoocook, Suncook, and 
 many other places were often made fields of carnage and 
 l)lood. Carnage over which the Indian was in the habit 
 of exulting with complacent ^merriment even when his 
 victim was dying by cruel tortures, such as none but a 
 demon could devise or inflict. 
 
 His warfare was secret. He sought the ambush to 
 gain knowledge of the numbers and strength of the place 
 to be assailed, and then to murder and scalp his victim, 
 and set fire to his dwelling-house. It was thus that the 
 then small villages of New England, always in fear, were 
 sometimes laid waste. 
 
 On some occasions these Indian raids were attended 
 and aided by Frenchmen from Canada ; England and 
 France at that time being at war. Thus many years 
 transpired, attended with more or less of carnage. About 
 the year 1760 the Indian wars began to cease. The Eng- 
 lish had become too numerous to be conquered. The 
 natives thereupon left their old haiuits and retreated to 
 their more dense forests. Their tribes had become feeble 
 and the French and English had concluded a treaty of 
 peace. After this the Indians were in the habit aniuially 
 of returning back to their old fishing and hunting-grounds, 
 and were thus permitted to visit the homes of their youth, 
 and the graves of their fathers. 
 
30 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1762 
 
 PEQUAWKETS. 
 
 The tribe next to the Penacooks toward the east, were 
 the Pequawkets, that wandered beyond the eastern shores 
 of Lake Winnipesaugee ; they were, liowever, subject to 
 the Penacooks, the same as those further north. 
 
 SCALPING. 
 
 This feat was performed by the savage as follows : — 
 He places his foot upon the neck of his prostrate enemy, 
 twists the fingers of his left hand into the scalp-locks, 
 cutting with a knife in his right hand a circular gash 
 around the lock, he tears the scalp from the head, and 
 fastens it to his girdle with a yell of triumph, victory and 
 success. The scalps upon their belts on public occasions 
 were worn to designate the warriors. 
 
 INDIAN PASTIMES. 
 
 An Indian was always at leisure. He knew no over- 
 tasking of the brain ; had no trouble in extensive trade ; 
 no taxes to pay ; no rents nor national debts. All his 
 
1765 INDIAN PASTIMES. 31 
 
 surroimdings were free to him. Each had a share in the 
 cool hunting-grounds and in tiie best fishing-places. His 
 corn-fieltls were where he sowed liis seed. His tobacco 
 was liis constant luxury, and his fishing and hunting his 
 favorite pastime. His wants being few were easily sup- 
 plied. His bow, arrow and fishing-i'od afforded him a 
 competence in food and raiment. These instraments were 
 substantially the implements of his toil. With his squaw, 
 who often wandered from the wigwam in company with 
 his tribe, Ise was usually happ3^ His home was filled with 
 tlie song and dance, and smoking of the pipe, or in 
 " drinking tlie pipe," as they sometimes termed it. The 
 Merrimac. the Suncook, and their tributaries aftbrded him 
 many of his best fishing-places. These rivers were grand 
 highways that brought ihem at every returning spi'ing a 
 full supply of salmon, alewives and shad. At that day 
 no dams or bars being in the way to impede the advent or 
 progress of the finny tribes, they came in vast numbers, 
 and ever proved a source of wealth to the Indian. At the 
 forks of the Merrimac the salmon, which always seek the 
 coldest climes, generally took the cold water and went up 
 the Pemigewaset, while the others took to the warm 
 water and followed the Winnipesaugee to the lake or into 
 the smaller streams. From these rivers and their tribu- 
 taries the thirty thousand Indians that used to trail along 
 these valleys obtained a very large share of their support. 
 For thousands of years tlie waters of our rivers had 
 afforded the red man an abundant supply. Salmon weigh- 
 ing thirty pounds were connnon here. There were then 
 no gates to close up nature's highway, no dashing wlieels 
 to frighten back the fish, nor was there then any need of 
 artificial steps or fish-ways to lead the finny tribes (as are 
 
32 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 177t 
 
 now invented, but as yet in vain) over liigb dains into the 
 ponds above. Kind nature hail given to tlie red man the 
 waierS of these rivers to run freely down as from the 
 creation they liad run ; and had given to the fish a counuon 
 highway to advance upward in them. Yet, b}' what is now 
 termed the progress of civilization, the tribes of fish as 
 well as the tribes of red men have become almost extinct 
 in this region. 
 
 Sturgeons used to be caught in the Merrimac. As this 
 kind of fish passed up the river, two Indians, the one to 
 scnil the boat, and the other to throw the weapon, would 
 spear them. Many a noble sturgeon from year t(* year 
 
 INDIAN TRACES AND REMAINS. 
 
 Soon after the close of the Frent h war, the Indians 
 withdrawing from their rivers and ponds and from their 
 hunting and trapping-grounds in New Hampshire, grad- 
 ually vanished away. This opened the way to English 
 settlers, who ventured further into the forests thus vacated, 
 and sequestering and taking possession of the lands, 
 built houses and otherwise made progress, sometimes 
 aggressively excluding the red man, until at length he 
 became unknown in this part of New England. 
 
 In his departure he left behind him not the ruins of 
 desolated cities caused by destructive wars, not the ruins 
 of lofty castles, nor of world-renowned monasteries ; 
 
1765 INDIAN TRACES AND REMAINS. 33 
 
 he left nothing — absolutely nothing — but now aud 
 then a sample of his bow and arrow, his chisel and his 
 mortar. 
 
 " His foot-steps fondly dwelt where now we trace 
 Primeval heir-looms of the human race ; 
 The chisel smooth aud tomahawk, tirst made 
 Of stoue, ere Art had formed the iron blade; 
 Where from a narrow dock with native crew 
 He launched in naval pride his first canoe. 
 And plowed the Suncook fair. His dripping oar 
 Ripples the waters never pressed before, 
 Bestirs the scaly tribes to nervous fear 
 For rights most sacred thus invaded here. 
 As if by instinct they the chieftain knew ** 
 
 To be a tyrant and a glutton too. 
 Intent on native beast, on bird or fish 
 By slaughter dire tp fill a dainty dish; 
 Whose webs are nets from bark of trees alone, 
 And mills that grind are mortars made of stone. 
 Who clfljfcd his tribes, if clad they e'er appear 
 In raiment plundered from the bounding deer; 
 Who maketh treacherous hooks from guiltless bones. 
 And drags a deadly net o'er sacred homes." 
 
 [•• The Merrimac," b7/ R. B. C.p. 21.] 
 
 The Indian was no artizau. His wigwam and birch 
 canoe evinced the best skill in architecture which he ever 
 had. His paintings were extravagant and gaudy, his 
 colors brilliant. The flesh side of skins taken by the 
 Indian hunter was gen^-ally used by the painter. These 
 he spotted in curious fantastic hues, and often with high 
 colorings such as none but a wild man could make, con- 
 trive or invent. He knew but little, and sought for im- 
 provements in nothing. 
 
 " Lo, the poor Indian I whose untutored mind 
 Sees God iu clouds, and hears Him in the wind; 
 His soul proud science never taught to stray 
 Far as the solar walk or milky way." 
 
 [Pope.] 
 
34 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1765 
 
 ORIGIN OF THE RED MAN. 
 
 The origin of the natives of this new world is like a 
 sealed book. All speculations in reference to it are 
 attended with extreme doubt and uncertainty. No theory 
 is satisfactory. These benighted sons, of themselves 
 knew nothing, and had no definite idea of the paternity 
 of their race ; and in this perhaps we are no wiser than 
 they. Many have believed them to be of Asiatic origin 
 and that they had crossed over here upon the ice that 
 covers the northern coast of America. Yet. opposed to 
 such a theory is the fact that there is a vast dissimilarity 
 now existing between the Asiatics and tJ^ North Amer- 
 ican Esquimaux and other Indians. Reason would seem 
 to warrant the belief that in the absence of proof to the 
 contrar}', the same race of men that our forefathers first 
 found, had always been here. That the " New World " had 
 existed for thousands of 3'ears without having a race of 
 men upon it, would seem but little short of a rash pre- 
 sumption. That it had been left to accident, that it had 
 been left to be peopled by the passing of a tribe from 
 Asia, over an unknown Arctic region, too cold for human 
 existence to get to it, would seem to be a presumption 
 quite as rash. On the whole we can but perceive that the 
 wild forests of America when discovered by the white 
 race were as well suited to the Indian as the Indian was 
 to the forests. And that the Indian here was no more a 
 matter of accident than was the forest itself; and that both 
 were but parts of one and the same great design, would 
 seem to be the most reasonable theory. 
 
1765 ORIGIN OP THE RED MAN. 35 
 
 In discoursing upon his origin, &c., a modern writer 
 has speculated as follows : 
 
 " Then next from curious germ beneath the sod, 
 Now blest of needful care of nature's God, 
 Whose eye all-seeing here began to scan 
 The strange invention of mysterious man; 
 By A'igorous tlirift. as fell the beaming rays 
 Of Phebus, fitly felt on vernal days. 
 Came forth an Indian's* form divine. 
 
 First spawn of nuinliood on the stream of time, ' 
 
 Basking in valleys wild, earth-formed, earth-fed 
 For ripened age, — by native reason led ; 
 And chief o'er beast and bird in power became 
 A fitful terror to the timid game. 
 
 Increased at length by nature's self-same laws 
 
 To numerous tribes prolific — men and squaws 
 
 From artful wigwams new, spread o'er the land, 
 
 First skill evinced in architecture grand. 
 
 He wanders wild, belted with arrows keen. 
 
 And blest with knowledge right and wrong between, 
 
 A stately priest at peace. Provoked to strife 
 
 He wields a hatchet and a scalping knife 
 
 With dire revenge. E'er true to self and squaw, 
 
 He knows no faith, no code, but nature's law. " 
 
 [Carerly.] 
 
 And so it was ; the manners and habits of the native 
 Indians for ought we know, had always been the same as 
 now. Tradition affords us nothing" otherwise. They are 
 known only as they were lirst found by the adventurer 
 from the Old World. Their history, circumscribed as it is, 
 within the limits of their short existence with the white 
 man, comprises the record of their race for all time. 
 Probably for thousands of years they had been nothing 
 
 *The natives were called Indians by Columbus through mistake, who 
 at first supposed he had arrived on the eastern coast of India, by which 
 error they took their name. 
 
36 HISTORY OF BAKNSTEAD. 1765 
 
 but wild hunters^ with manners and habits the same — 
 unimproved — Unchanged. 
 
 '' And thus o'er land and stream for ages long, 
 A race of red men, vagrant plod along. 
 With language taught from rustic nature's throne, 
 And habits each peculiarly their own; 
 On growth spontaneous fed, content with prey. 
 What serves the purpose of a single day. 
 Their God is seen afar at rise of sun; 
 Their life in heaven is hunting here begun; 
 By laws un-written sachems rule the tribes. 
 And lead the host, wherever ill betides. 
 To fatal war. By force of arrows hurled. 
 They reigned sole monarchs in this Western World. 
 
 [ Caverly^s '■'■ Merrimac," p . 22.] 
 
 It is asserted that when the Puritans iirst landed, there 
 wei'e then about twenty nations or tribes of Indians in 
 New England. These nations were distinct from e'ach 
 other, but united sometimes for mutual protection and for 
 the purposes of war. In every tribe there was a chief or 
 sagamore, to which all the others paid deference. But as 
 has already been stated, the Indian wars and the plague of 
 1617-18 had greatly reduced their numbers. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS COLONY. 
 
 Before the soil of New Hampshire took to itself a dis- 
 tinct name it had been included as belonging to the Mas- 
 sachusetts Colony. 
 
 The first General Court in this Colony was held at 
 Boston, in 1630. It was made up of the freemen of 
 the corporation at large. 
 
1765 THE PURITANS. 37 
 
 Being desirous to establisli a religious Commonwealth, 
 they ordained, among other things, that "none but church 
 members should be admitted to the freedom of that body 
 politic, or enjoy the privilege of voting." 
 
 Up to the year 1640 there had arrived here in two 
 hundred and ninety-eight ships, twenty-one thousand and 
 two hundred passengers. 
 
 Most of these emigrants were from England. They 
 had left their former happ}^ homes with the hopeful intent 
 to find in their distant New England, " freedom to wor- 
 ship God." 
 
 Their creed was strictly puritan, and, during the first 
 year of their landing, they established the Plymouth 
 Colony on the same faith and on the liberty of faith 
 which had been denied them at home. 
 
 COURT TRIALS. 
 
 The courts, before any regular codes of laws were 
 established, in New England, adhered to the laws of 
 Moses to some extent, as well as to the old English laws, 
 so far at least as such laws were believed to have a 
 tendenc}^ to good manners and morals. 
 
 CURIOUS DECISIONS. 
 
 In 1649 : '• Josiah Plaistowe, for stealing four baskets 
 of corn from the Indians, is ordered to return them eight 
 baskets — to be fined five pounds — and hereafter to be 
 called Josias, and not Mr. as formerly he used to be." 
 
 " Capt. Stone, for abusing Mr. Ludlow and calling 
 him Just-ass., is find one hundred pounds, and prohibited 
 from coming within the patent without the Governor's 
 leave, upon pain of death." 
 
38 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1765 
 
 Intemperance was emphatically " a plague " at the 
 time of the early settlements ; more so, if possible, than 
 at the present day. 
 
 Among the hundreds of ships then freighted for the 
 New World was always to be found that bane, called 
 " flre-water," " ockuby," and other Indian names, by 
 which they chose to designate it. 
 
 It was shipped from England and sold to the Indians 
 for furs and other articles of merchandize obtained in 
 return. 
 
 Intemperance then, as ever since, led to many otfences. 
 Hence it appears : 
 
 " John Wedgeivood, for being found in the company 
 of drunkards, was ordered by the court to be set in the 
 stocks." And " Sargent Perkins was ordered to carry 
 forty turfts to the fort for being drunk." 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS COURT RECORD. 
 
 " Edward Palmer^ for his extortion in taking two 
 pounds thirteen shillings and four pence for the wood- 
 work of the Boston stocks, is fined five pounds and 
 ordered to sit one hour in the stocks." 
 
 " Capt. LoveJl is admonished to take heed of light 
 carriage."- 
 
 " Thomas Pet it ^ for suspicion of slander, idleness and 
 stubbornness, is censured to be severely whiped, and to 
 be kept in the hold." 
 
 " Catherine^ wife of Richard Cornish, was found suspi- 
 cious of incontenency, and is sereously to take heed." 
 
 " Daniel Clark, found to be an immoderate drinker, 
 was fined forty shillings." 
 
1765 COURT RECORD. 39 
 
 •' Robert Shorthase, b}' the blood of God, was sentenced 
 to have his tongue put into a cleft stick, and to stand for 
 the space of half an honr." 
 
 " It is ordered by the conrtthat laborers shall not take 
 more than 1 2d per day for their work, and Gd with meat 
 and drink, under pain of x s." 
 
 "• George Palmer having committed folly with Margery 
 Rnggs, through her allurements ; because he confessed 
 voluntarily, lie was only set in the pillory and so dis- 
 missed." 
 
 '• Margery Euggs, for enticing and alluring George 
 Palmer, was sentenced to be severely whiped." 
 
 '■'■ Elnor Pierce, her husband was bound 10 £ for her 
 good behaviour, and to bring her to stand in the market 
 place, next market day, with a paper, for her light 
 behaviour." 
 
 " Jane Hawkins, the wife of Richard Hawkins, had 
 liberty till the beginning of the third month, called May, 
 and the Majestrates, (if she did not depart before) to dis- 
 pose of her, and in the meantime she is not to meddle 
 in Surgery, Physicks, drinks, plasters, or ogles, nor to 
 question matters of religion, except with the elders for 
 satisfaction." 
 
 " It is ordered by the court that the worshipfuU Tho. 
 Georges and Edward Godfrey, Counsellors of this Prov- 
 ince, shall order all the inhabitants from Pascataqne to 
 Kennibonke, which have any children unbaptized, that as 
 soon as a minister is settled in an^^ of their plantations, 
 they shall bring their said children to Baptism, and if any 
 shall refuse to submit to said order, that then the persons 
 so refusing shall be summoned to answer this their con- 
 tempt at the next general court to be holden in this Prov- 
 ince." 
 
40 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1765 
 
 " It is ordered at this court that all juries between 
 party and party shall have for their fees 8 d per man for 
 every action above 40 s. ; if the action be under 40 s. we 
 allow them 5 d. per man." 
 
 " Thomas Smith, at the last court holden here, being 
 arrested for slandering Mr. Arthur Brown and Mr. Robert 
 Sauke}' for saying they have stolne a pigg, the matter was 
 putt to arbitracion and ended." 
 
 In 1651: "We (the Grand Jury) present Goody 
 Mendum for saying to Tho. GuUison and John Davis ye 
 Divells — fined 2 s. 6 d. for swearing. 
 
 " We present the wife of Abraham Cumley, for giving 
 reproachful speeches against ye Majestrates, in saying she 
 thought " they were come about one foolery or other." 
 Ordered to find l)onds of 20 £. 
 
 "We present Joane Andrews, the wife of John Andrews, 
 for selling a furkin of Butter to Mr. Nicholas Davis which 
 had two stones in it, containing fourteen pounds 2 oz. in 
 weight. 
 
 " This presentment is owned by Joane Andrews, and 
 John Andrews, her husband, is bound in a bond of five 
 pounds that Joane, his wife, shall stand in a Towne meet-- 
 ing at Yorke, and in a towne meeting at Kittery till two 
 hours bee expired, with her offence written upon a paper 
 in capetall letters pinned upon her forehead. This injunc- 
 tion fulfilled at Yorke, according to order and att Kittery 
 in the same manner." 
 
 In 1666 : " Wee present Julean Cloyse, wife to John 
 Clo^'se, for a tale bearer from house to house, setting dif- 
 ferences between neighbors." 
 
 "Julian Cloyse upon the court's examination is found 
 guilty of ye offence and is bound to her good behaviour 
 
1765 BARBARISM. 41 
 
 unto the next Court of Pleas, at Casco, in a bond of five 
 pounds." 
 
 " Wee present William Thompson for rebellion against 
 his father and mother-in-law." 
 
 " Wee present Mr. Thorpe, for scandalizing Mr. Nor- 
 ton, and say that hee held forth false doctrine in a booke 
 set forth by Mr, Norton. Admonished, and paying officer's 
 fees, is discharged." 
 
 "We present Miss Sarah Morgan for striking her 
 husband. The delinquent to stand 'with a gagg in her 
 mouth halfe an hoiu-e at Kittery at a Publique Towne Meet- 
 ing, and the cause of her sentence writ upon her forehead, 
 or pa}^ 50 s. to the countr3^" 
 
 BARBARISM. 
 
 The custom of wearing long hair, after the manner of 
 the barbarous Indians, as Governor Endicott used to term 
 it, was at that period deemed contrary to the word of God, 
 which saj's : "It is a shame for a man to wear long- 
 hair." 
 
 The rule in the Colony was that men should not wear 
 their hair below their ears. 
 
 In a clergyman, long hair was extremely offensive^ as 
 they were expected at all times " to observe circumspec- 
 tion with open ears." 
 
 MONEY. 
 
 The first money coined in the Massachusetts Colony 
 was made in the year 1652. The court ordered that all 
 pieces should have on the one side " Massachusetts," with a 
 tree in the middle ; on the other, " New England, 1652." 
 
 6 
 
42 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1765 
 
 A very large sum was coined, and the mint-master, it is 
 said, made a great profit from it, as be iiad fifteen per 
 cent, out of every twenty shillings for coining. 
 
 QUAKERS. 
 
 In 1656 the Quakers were greatly persecuted. Mary 
 Fisher and Anna Dustin were the first to avow their 
 principles openly. 
 
 On the 8th day of September, being brought before 
 the court, they atfirmed that they were sent of God to 
 reprove the people of their sins ; and being questioned, 
 after a pause replied that they had the same call that 
 Abraham had to go out from his own country. (They 
 came from Barbadoes.) 
 
 A great number of the books which they had brought 
 with them were seized and reserved for the fire, and some 
 of the men and women were committed to prison. 
 
 At this time no special laws had been enacted for the 
 punishment of Quakers. But they were taken by virtue 
 of a general law then in force, which had been made for 
 the punishment of heretics. And the Court passed sen- 
 tence of banishment upon them all. 
 
 Afterwards several laws upon this subject were 
 enacted, among which were the following : 
 
 "Any Quaker after the first conviction, if a man, was 
 to lose his ear, and for the second offence the other ear. 
 A woman-, each time, to be severely whipped. And for a 
 third time, being a man or a woman, to have the tongue 
 bored through with a red-hot iron." 
 
 In October, 1658, a law was passed punishing with 
 death " all Quakers who should return into this jurisdic- 
 
1765 WITCHCRAFT. 43 
 
 tiou after banishment." Under this Uxw four persons were 
 executed. 
 
 Much censure has been passed upon the New England 
 Colonies on account of their enactments as against the 
 Quakers — and perhaps to a certain extent justly. But 
 it must be remembered that the Quakers of those early 
 times were not the Quakers of the joresent time, who, 
 though few in numbers, prove to be a generous, inoffen- 
 sive, influential people. 
 
 These laws wei-e passed to rid the Colony of certain 
 fanatics who called themselves b}^ that name, and who 
 constantly made themselves offensive under the garb of a 
 religious notion or creed, and appeared to have been better 
 subjects for a mad-house than for a Christian church. 
 
 They often entered into the churches without right, as 
 they did at Hampton, Salem, and Newbury, and were in 
 the habit of declaring the preacliing to be an al)omination 
 to the Lord. 
 
 Thomas Newcomb w^ent into the meeting-house in 
 Boston with tw^o glass bottles, and broke them before the 
 congregation, and declared " thus will the Lord break you 
 in pieces." Under such delusion Deborah Wilson 
 advanced on foot through the streets of Salem naked. In 
 various ways the}^ became offensive, oftentimes making 
 themselves violators of the public peace. But it will not 
 be pretended that any such offences could justify incon- 
 siderate, unjust, or oppressive legislation. 
 
 WITCHCRAFT. 
 
 The first instance of a' trial for witchcraft in Massa- 
 chusetts occurred in 1648, when Margaret Jones, of 
 Charlestown, who being indicted as a witch, was found 
 
44 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. Iv65 
 
 guilty, and uudev the laws of Euglaiitl agaiust such sup- 
 posed crime, was executed. " 8he was charged of having 
 such a malignancy that if she laid her' hands on man, 
 woman or child in anger, they were seized presently with 
 deafness, vomiting or other sickness, or other violent 
 pains." 
 
 In 1G92 a great excitement was again revived on 
 account of its supposed prevalence. It commenced at 
 this time in the town of Danvers, then a part of Salem, 
 about the last of February. Several children at first 
 began to act in a curious, unaccountable manner. Their 
 strange conduct continuing for several days, their friends 
 betook themsehes to fasting and pra^'er. During relig- 
 ious services the children were still, but after the service 
 they would renew their former unaccountable conduct. 
 
 This was deemed sufficient evideucti that the}' were 
 moved by an evil hand, and every exhibition of the sort 
 was then regarded as witchcraft. AfteV a while these 
 children began to bring accusations against divers indi- 
 viduals in that vicinity, being severally charged of bewitch- 
 ing them. Unfortunately the children were credited, and 
 the suspected' persons were arrested and imprisoned. 
 From that time the contagion spread rapidly over the 
 neighboring towns, and soon appeared in several parts of 
 Essex county as well as cases now and then in Middlesex 
 and Suffolk. Individuals at Andover, Ipswich, Glouces- 
 ter, Boston and other places, were accused and held for 
 trial. 
 
 For some time those who were accused were persons 
 of the low^er class. But at length accusations were 
 extended even to persons of high rank and distinction. 
 This delusion had now become fearful. Before the close 
 

17G5 WAB. 45 
 
 of September of that year nineteen persons had been 
 executed for witchcraft. Among the victims was one 
 Giles Gory, who was pressed to death for refusing to 
 put himself on trial before the Jnry. 
 
 Most, if not all of these persons died declaring them- 
 selves innocent of the crime laid to tlieir charge. 
 
 At length the courts began to be convinced tliat their 
 proceedings had been rash, and their judgments withont 
 any just foundation. A special session of the court was 
 then holdeu on this subject, and lifty persons then being 
 held for trial, were acciuitted. Others were reprieved by 
 the Governor. These proceedings were followed by a 
 release of all who were then in prison. 
 
 It ought to be said, perhaps, that if human testimony, 
 coming from credible witnesses, is to be credited, many 
 things happened at that time inducing a belief in witch- 
 craft, which even to many people of our day have never 
 been satisfactorily explained. 
 
 A war by the French and Indians commenced about 
 the year IGDO. It harrassed the English settlements here 
 all along the frontier nearly the whole time np to its close, 
 September 11, 1G97. 
 
 In a few years another war broke out in Europe, 
 which gave rise to other hostilities in America. 
 
 So that in 1707 Massachusetts, New Hampshire and 
 Rhode Island despatched a military force against Port 
 Royal, in Nova Scotia, but the expedition failed. 
 
 In 1710 New England, with the mother country, suc- 
 ceeded with a fleet, in reducing the place. This was in 
 
46 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1765 
 
 the reign of Queen Anne, and they changed its name to 
 Annapolis, in honor of her name. 
 
 Enconraged by this snccess, Nicholson, the com- 
 mander, visited England, and proposed an expedition 
 against Canada. 
 
 His proposition was adopted, and in Jnne, 1711, 
 Admiral Walker, with a Heet of fifteen sliips of war and 
 forty transports, bringing an army of veteran troops, 
 arrived in Boston. They sailed for Quebec abont the last 
 of Jnly of that year. At tlie same time General Nichol- 
 son repaired to Albany to take command of the forces 
 that were to proceed by land. 
 
 When the fleet had advanced ten leagnes np the St. 
 Lawrence the weather became fogg}' and tempestnons. 
 Nine of the transports perished. Weakened by this 
 disaster, the admiral returned to England, and the New 
 England troops to their homes. General Nicholson hav- 
 ing learned the fate of the fleet, returned with his troops 
 to Albany. 
 
 In 1713, March 31st, peace was concluded between 
 France and England, at Utrecht. 
 
 In 1744, March 29tli, war again broke out between 
 France and England, and the Colonies here were again 
 involved in its calamities. 
 
 The English commerce and fisheries had suffered great 
 injuries from privateers, fitted out at Louisburg, then a 
 strong fortress on the Island of Cape Breton. That place 
 had been considered one of the strongest in America ; its 
 fortifications had been five years building, and had cost 
 the French five and a half millions of dollars. 
 
 An armament of 4000 men from Massachusetts, New 
 Hampshire and Connecticut under the command of Gen- 
 
1765 . WAR. 47 
 
 eral Pepperell staled from Boston for the conquest of that 
 place, attended by four ships of war, under Commodore 
 Warren, from the West Indies. The troops arrived at 
 Louisburg about the first of May, 1745, and commenced 
 the siege. For fourteen nights successively the New 
 England troops, knee deep in mud, manned and pushed 
 forward their cannon through a swamp two miles in length, 
 manifesting the most extraordinary valor and endurance, 
 and assailed the garrison with so much fortitude antl brav- 
 ery that on the 17th of June it surrendered. 
 
 France, smarting with resentment against the Colo- 
 nies, in the following summer sent a powerful fleet to lay 
 ■waste and ravage the coasts of New England, and to 
 recover Louisburg. 
 
 But an unconnnon succession of disasters, as if it were 
 an interposition of Pro\-idence, attended the undertaking, 
 and entirely defeated it. The French fleet was delayed 
 and damaged by storms ; fevers prevailed among the 
 troops, and some of the ships were lost. Such was the 
 fortune of the expedition that two of the admirals, stung 
 by disappointment and chagrin, committed suicide. 
 
 In 1748, this war was ended l)y a treaty of peace at 
 Aux-la-Chapelle, by which all prisoners on both sides 
 were restored without ransom. 
 
 Scarcely had the Colonies begun to reap the benefits 
 of peace, when they were again thrown into troul)le by 
 another war between England and France. 
 
 This was commenced in 1754, though not formally 
 declared nntil some time afterwards. Four expeditious 
 were planned, one against the French in Nova Scotia, 
 another against the Fj-ench on the Ohio, another against 
 Crown Point, and a fourth against Niagara. 
 
48 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1765 
 
 The expedition against Nova Scotia consisted of 3000 
 troops from Massaclinsetts and New Hampshire, led by 
 Generals Monckton and Winslow. These sailed from Bos- 
 ton on May 20th, 1756, for the Bay of Fundy, where the}' 
 were joined by three hnndred regular British troops. They 
 then proceeded against Fort Beau-Sejoiu', which surren- 
 dered to them after a siege of four days. Other Forts 
 were taken, and Nova Scotia was entirely subdued. The 
 expedition against Niagara was given to Governor Shir- 
 ley, of Massachusetts, whose force was two thousand five 
 hundred men. The war continued with varied success till 
 the conquest of Qnebec, under General Wolfe, in Septem- 
 ber, 1759, and the final reduction of Canada, in 1760. 
 This event caused great and universal rejoicing in the 
 Colonies, and was followed with public thanksgivings. 
 The treat}' of peace was signed at Paris in 1763. 
 
1765 FIRST GRANTEES. 49 
 
 BAR:N^ STEAD 
 
 THE PROPRIETORS. 
 
 Tlie charter of Barn stead, a copy of which is appended 
 (marked A,) was granted to the Rev. Joseph Adams, of 
 Newington, and others, by Lieutenant Governor Went- 
 worth, on the 20th of May, 1727. Yet there was much 
 delay in its settlement, made so by Indian hostilities. 
 So that no lots were sold, nor permanent houses built 
 prior to the year 17G5. 
 
 The expense of surveying the lands had laid a tax on 
 the lots, and as the titles purchased were in the hands of 
 heirs, and in no w^ay remunerative, they were at ditferent 
 times sold at auction, and mostly at nominal prices. 
 
 The sales were made at Newington, and at Ports- 
 mouth. At these sales Mr. Adams bought several lots 
 in Barnstead ; aud about the same year, members of his 
 church made extensive purchases within its limits. 
 These investments eventually proved profitable to him 
 and to them. 
 
 Mr. Adams waf born at Braintree, Massachusetts, 
 January 4, 1688 or 89, and was the eldest son of Joseph 
 and Hannah (Bass) Adams. His lather was grandson of 
 Rev. Henry Adams, of England, who came to this country 
 with his family about 1630, and settled in Braintree (now 
 Quincy). John Adams, second President of the United 
 States, was the eldest son of John Adams, the next 
 
 7 
 
50 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1 "65 
 
 younger brother of Rev. Joseph Adam^. The said 
 Joseph Adams graduated at Harvard College, in 1710. 
 During his college course he kept school in Newiugton, 
 N. H. ; and after taking his degree, he was invited by the 
 people to become their minister. He accepted and Avas 
 ordained in June, 1715. 
 
 A written contract between him and his people upon 
 the subject of his salary, &c., is on record at Newiugton. 
 It may be of interest to our ministry of the present day 
 and is appended, marked B. Under this contract Mr. 
 Adams lived with his church and people sixty-eight years. 
 He became the oldest pastor in New England, and died 
 May 26th, 1783. 
 
 THE FIRST SETTLERS. 
 
 At the beginning of settlements in Barnstead, a few 
 Indians would be seen now and then wandering in the 
 forests, or loitering about their wigwams along the lakes, 
 ponds and rivers. Previousl3- they had been more numer- 
 ous. Dense forests, as from the beginning, covered the 
 soil ; and the wilderness continued to be invested by the 
 bear, tlie wild deer, the cariboo, the wolf, the wild-cat, 
 and other wild animals, as well as by these remnant tribes. 
 This part of New Hampshire had been, and loas, a thor- 
 oughfare from the great lake to the shore towns, made so 
 both by the French and Indians. As •against the unbri- 
 dled encroachments of these savages the first English set- 
 tlers had to arm themselves. Out of fear from their hos- 
 tilities and depredations, the settlement of Barnstead had 
 been delayed Irom its commencement nearly forty years. 
 In 17C8 peace was declared, and the settlements then 
 beoan to advance. Yet hostile invasions would some- 
 
1765 FIRST SETTLERS. 51 
 
 times be made upon the settlements, whenever the Indian 
 returned to his ancient corn-plat, or when he came to 
 visit his long-loved Suncook, or to ramble once again 
 through the halcyon hunting-grounds of his youth, then 
 being disfigured and laid waste by the white man. About 
 this time etlbrts began to be made to christianize them. 
 
 Eliot, the apostle, came. He learned their language, 
 and translated the Bible and New Testament into it. 
 Visiting the ditterent tribes from place to place, he 
 preached to them. Tiiey listened to him, but his etlbrts 
 proved to be of but little avail. 
 
 GooKiN also came. His residence was in Boston ; 
 Eliot's in Roxbury. 
 
 Cotton Mather, of Boston, the learned divine of that 
 day, had much to do and nnich to say in his time of these 
 sons of the forest. Discoursing on their origin he says : 
 
 " We do not know when or how these Indians tirst 
 came inhabitants of this mighty country. Yet we may 
 guess that probably the Devil decoyed those mizerable 
 salvages hither in hopes that the Gospel of the Lord 
 Jesus would never come here to disturb his empire over 
 them. But our Eliot was on such ill terms with the Devil 
 as to alarm him with sounding the silver truvqjet of heaven 
 in his territories, and make some noble and zealous 
 attempts, ousting him of his ancient possessions here." 
 
 the meeting-iiouse. 
 
 It was a condition in the charter made to the proprie- 
 tors in 1727, that there should be a house for public wor- 
 ship built in town within the period of three years therein 
 specified. Accordingly, about the year 1760, the Indian 
 conflicts having subsided, Rev. Joseph Adams came from 
 
52 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1"*J9 
 
 Newington to Barnstead, and selected a lot of land for 
 the cbnrch. It was in a valley near a stream of water, 
 about a mile north of Strafford line. Then, with his com- 
 panions, he built the meeting-house of logs, and when it 
 was finished he called together the rude hunters of the 
 forest that were there wandering, and the wtn'kmen and 
 the hunters, kneeling at the altar, constituted his audi- 
 ence. He preached a sermon to them — sang hymns of 
 praise — and then and there dedicated his new made meet- 
 ing-house to the God of their fathers. 
 
 PARADE MEETING-HOUSE. 
 
 This was erected about the 3^ear 1788. It was the 
 second in order of time, but the first framed church edifice 
 in Barnstead. In size it was 40 liy 60, with posts 24 feet. 
 It stood on the north side of the common, which had been 
 dedicated to the public for church and other purposes by 
 the liberalit}^ of P^li Bunker. Eli was a son of John 
 Bunkev, and is ever to be remembered for his moral 
 worth and benevolence. This meeting-house was not 
 wholly linished until some time in the year 1799, when, 
 by the voluntary contributions of the Parade people, 
 in labor and otherwise, it was completed. It was 
 neat, well proportioned, and its architectural design yvtxs 
 in good taste. It had a porch at each end for an entrance 
 and a stairway ; also a door in the centre of the house 
 which fronted to the south. The body of the house on 
 the outside was painted yellow ; the roof red. The pulpit 
 stood opposite to the front door ; was high up, rather 
 narrow, and had a large window in the rear. It had an 
 octagon sounding-board a few feet above it. The purpose 
 of a sounding-board was to give the language of the 
 
1800 PARADE MEETING-HOUSE. 53 
 
 speaker a more impressive utterance. This sounding- 
 board was lilie the pulpit, a clay color. The pews were 
 panel finished, were square, with a railing, and had the 
 capacity of seating twelve persons each. There were 
 seats on three sides of the pew. They had a hinge joint, 
 and were made to be turned up to make more space for 
 standing iniime of prayer — for at that day, not to stand 
 up In time of pra3er, would have been regarded in the 
 house of God as unbecoming and almost nnpardonal>le. 
 All stood erect, and at tlie close of each prayer down 
 came the seats with a reverberation. The younger part 
 of the audience usually suught to bring them down in a 
 manner evincing a special interest in that work ; and for 
 the space of half -a minute the noise of seats was not 
 unlike the clatter of a windmill, or the swell of a hallelu- 
 jah chorus. 
 
 The site for this church was given l)y Eli Bunker, as 
 we have previously stated. The deed runs as follows : 
 
 " This may certify that I, the subscriber, promise to give 
 Cliarle.s Hodgdon, Kufas Evans, Jonathan Young, and Joseph 
 Bunker, a committee chosen by a body of men for the purpose 
 of erecting a meeting-lioiise in the north part of Banistead, as 
 committee men for said proprietors, a deed of a piece of land 
 tor the use of said meeting-house, any time when said meeting- 
 house is liiiilt, and a parade 27 rods by Dr. Jewett's, and running 
 back from said road so far as 25 rods toward tlie river, 
 which is to be left as a sciuare for said parade ; on whicli is not to 
 be erected any building excepting for the use of said church, or 
 meeting-house, any time when said committee shall demand it, 
 which is to be free as their property so long as there is a meet- 
 ing-house to stand there." 
 
 As witness my hand, Barustead, May 1, 179G. 
 
 Eli Bunker. 
 Benjamin Nutter, 
 Benjamin Hodgdon. 
 
 Recorded, 1821. Enos George, Town Clerk. 
 
54 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1803 
 
 The dedication of tliis cliurcli took place September 
 16, 1799, and was attended by a large crowd. They had 
 come long distances. Among the items of expenses as 
 appears, the following named persons paid to Jeremiah 
 Jewett the sums set against their names, " it being for 
 the ministers and their attendance on that day." 
 
 Richard Sinclair, for myself and Major John 
 
 Nutter 3 shillings. 
 
 Chai-les Ilodgdou > 3 " 
 
 Rufus Evans 3 " 
 
 Moses Rand 3 " 
 
 Joseph Bunker 3 " 
 
 Lemuel Bunker l-G " 
 
 Enoch Bunker 1-G " 
 
 Aaron Cheslej' 3 ' • 
 
 James G. Carr 1-6 " 
 
 John Bickford 1-0 
 
 " The Selectmen of the Town to Jeremiah Jewett, Dr. 
 For twelve dinners, four Ixnols of punch and three 
 pints of rum, being for the ministers; also, din- 
 ners for the singers, and horse keeping, and 
 
 drinls .' $8.17 
 
 Sept. IG, 1799. Rec'd pay. 
 
 Jeremiah Jewett, Taverner." 
 
 THIRD MEETING-HOUSE. 
 
 This was called the Second Congregational Meeting- 
 house. It was built in 1803.. It stood upon land pre- 
 sented by Joseph Taslcer, Esq., and near his residence ; 
 was boarded and shingled, but not finished. 
 
 Tlie society who sustained its erection were actuated 
 to some extent by a spirit of competition, claiming that 
 its location was more central than that at the parade. 
 
1820 -THIRD MEETING-HOUSE. 55 
 
 r>ut after the settlement of Rev. Enos George, at 
 Banistead, the conflicting interests of its inhabitants 
 rapidly diminished. 
 
 This church structure continued unfinished up to the 
 year 1820, and then it was removed and located at 
 '' Winkley's Corner." Its removal was superintended by 
 Col. John Bickford, and the building was drawn to its 
 final location by a team of tivo hioulred oxen. John 
 Peavey, Esq., took an active i)art, and expended much in 
 this matter. 
 
 The house was spacious — two story — windows al:)ove 
 and below, with glass 7 by 9, and vvith seventy-two lights 
 to the window. It had a high pulpit. The work was 
 mostly completed, its outside, however, vvas never painted. 
 
 To pay the expense of finishing and-furnishing it, and 
 to raise funds to assist in the support of a preacher, they 
 resorted to a public sale of the pews. 
 
 At the auction there was a large assembly. The auc- 
 tioneer opened the sale by announcing that he woidd 
 dispose of the pews severally on the lower floor of the 
 house /?"r.sf. And then from the deacon's desk, lio'.ding 
 up a full bottle of braiirh/, he commenced by further an- 
 nouncing to the crowd, taat each bid would entitle the 
 bidder to a fresh drink. 
 
 Accordingly all the i)ews were disposed of in a hurry, 
 the centre ones first, then those under the galleries, 
 (as the bidders waxed warm) at a great price, and so on 
 until the whole were sold. Some of these pe«vs were sel- 
 dom if ever occupied. 
 
 The reader will doubtless note a marked difli'erence 
 between the habits and fashions of that day, and the cus- 
 toms of this our day of terapcn'ance pledges, church levees, 
 missionary fairs, and Sabbath school gatherings. 
 
66 HISTORY OP BARNSTEAD. 1825 
 
 When the house was dedicated the fathers and«nothers 
 gathered themselves together and bowed with reverence and 
 humility at its altar. Preaching was had here according 
 to the denomination for which it was built, most of the 
 time ; and yet, oftentimes, it was open on the Sabbath 
 for any and all ministers who might be disposed to occu- 
 py it. 
 
 As time advanced it began to decay and at length 
 became a monument of neglect. The small lights became 
 targets for the boys, until the last one was seen, as if to 
 sigh in its loneliness. 
 
 In the 3'car 1848 this house was taken down and its 
 timbers were turned to other uses. 
 
 NORTH MEETING-HOUSE. 
 
 This is a very neat, modern building, and was erected 
 by the Congregational society of Barnstead in 1820, at the 
 north part of the town, near the residence of Samuel G. 
 Webster, Esq. It was repaired in 1853 ; has been kept 
 in repair, and still remains an ornament to that locality. 
 
 FREEVriLL UAPTIST MEETING-HOUSE. 
 
 This is a very respectable edifice. It was built and 
 has been generally occupied by the denomination from 
 which it takes its name. It is kept in good repair, and is 
 better for Christian use and service, than for great show, 
 or for a specimen of architectural design. 
 
 CENTRE MEETING-HOUSE. 
 
 This house was erected in 1840. It is modern in its 
 structure ; has a tower ; has been kept well repaired, and 
 generally is well sustained. The first Congregational 
 
1803 
 
 ITS FIRST MINISTER. 57 
 
 church of Banistead at first had an interest in it, the 
 Parade chnrch being a branch of tlie cluirch organization 
 in this loealit}', tiicy more or less, for a considerable time, 
 occupied it. But it is now snpplied for the most part by 
 clergymen from other denominations. 
 
 HIS OKDINATION AND FUNERAL. 
 
 David Kisigwlton, a Freewill Baptist, was ordained in 
 1803. Being the first settled minister, he therel)y would 
 have been entitled to the lands allotted by the charter of 
 Barnstead to its first settled minister. 
 
 Bnt Knowlton, believing that pay for preaching ought 
 not to lie exacted by ministers of the gospel, refused to 
 claim the land by right of priority, and at or before his 
 ordination, executed a release of all title acquired, or 
 which he might acquire to said lands at his ordination or 
 settlement in Barnstead as its first minister. 
 
 Elder Knowlton was a son of the Rev. David Knowl- 
 ton of Pittsfield. He was but twenty-seven years of age 
 at his installation, and died about two years afterwards. 
 His funeral was at Pittsfield. Rev. Benjamin Randall 
 preached the sermon. Text: Num. xxiii : 10 : 
 
 "Let ine die the death of the riirhteoiis, and let my last 
 end be like his ! " 
 
 Six ministers bore him to the grave. One of them 
 supported the afHicted widow on the Avay, and nearly one 
 thousand people attended them to the last resting place 
 of the first settled minister of Barnstead. So died the 
 good man, beloved and deplored. 
 
 SETTLEMENT OF THE SECOND MINISTER. 
 
 Record. "1801. Dec. U. The following committee 
 was chosen to confer wdth the Rev. Mr. Balch respecting 
 
58 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1803 
 
 a settlement : James Tasker, Riifus Ewers, Moses Rand, 
 John Nutter, John Bunker, Joseph Bunker, David Drew, 
 Doct. Jeremiah Jewett, James G. Canu, Benjamin Nutter, 
 Stephen Dudley, Ebenezer Nutter, James Allard, John 
 Bickford, Sen. 
 
 Voted, The above committee confer with the Rev. 
 Mr. Balch, and make a report at the adjournment of this 
 meeting. 
 
 Voted, To adjourn till the last Monday in October, at 
 the westerly meeting-house. 
 
 Sabil. Nelson, Town Clerk." 
 
 REV. ENOS GEORGE. 
 
 " 1803. Nov. 10. The town chose a committee to 
 confer with Rev. Enos George respecting his settlement 
 as a teacher. The following committee was chosen : 
 Major John Nutter, Charles Hodgdon, Joseph Tasker, 
 Esq., Lemuel Bunker, Stephen Jones, Rufus Ewers, Jere- 
 miah Jewett." 
 
 The committee reported favorable to the town. 
 
 The town then voted $1000 settlement, and a sal- 
 ary. This is on condition that said Rev. Enos George 
 give to the town a quitclaim deed of the ministerial right 
 in said town. However, the ministerial right or the 
 $1000, is at his option ; provided the said George chooses 
 the said right, it is his. But if the $1000 instead, all 
 shall remain unpaid until the next meeting. If he is taken 
 away by death, it shall be at his disposal ; or if continu- 
 ing with us ten years it shall be his ; but if he leaves 
 before the ten years, he shall refund as many hundred dol- 
 lars as it lacks of the ten years. He is to preach in two 
 
1803 
 
 KEV. ENOS GEORGE. 59 
 
 meeting-houses, and some other phices, that shall be 
 agreed upon by said town. Mr. George reserves three 
 Sabbaths in the year. 
 
 Charles Hodgdon, 
 
 III hi'Iialf of the Committee of the Tnv^n." 
 
 The installation of Rev. Enos George over the First 
 Congregational Church in Barnstead, took place Sept. 20, 
 1804. The season was pleasant, the day delightful. 
 The sun shone upon the green foliage, and the silvery 
 waters of the Suncook reflected the beautiful legacies left 
 to hei- by the departed summer. The people far and near 
 gave heed to the occasion, and the gates of the temple 
 were crowded. 
 
 The ordination sei-mon was by Rev. Stephen Hull of 
 the First Church in Amesbury, Mass. Text : 2 Cor. 
 v:10. The charge was b}^ Rev. John Kelly of Ham- 
 stead. Right hand of fellowship, by Rev. J. Tucker of 
 Loudon. Rev. Enos George read the 116th Psalm, sec- 
 ond part, C. M. 
 
 Mr. George had been invited to this pastorate by a 
 unanimous vote ; and at his installation he became legall}^ 
 entitled to the ministerial lands of the town, awarded in 
 the original charter to its first settled minister. 
 
 In his ministry he was influential and successful. 
 His open social qualities entitled him to the respect and 
 esteem of all, and led the way to his long life in useful- 
 ness to the church of God and to the people of Barnstead. 
 He had held meetings in various parts of the town during 
 the winter previous to his ordination, and ever afterwards 
 continued to preach alternately at the north, east and 
 west houses, until^ by the infirmities of age, he was com- 
 pelled to resign his charge, and leave the field to other 
 
60 HISTORY OF I5ARNSTEAD. 
 
 181G 
 
 laborers, Ilis undeviating- luithrulness and good manners 
 during his ministry brought him many friends. Tlieir 
 annual visits to him and to his household, and the boun- 
 teous gifts which they from year to year awarded to him, 
 will long be remembeix'd. The fame of Rev, Enos George 
 as a man and a minister, will not be lost sight of in all 
 the coming generations at IJarnstead, 
 
 Aside from his ministerial duties, Mr, George found 
 time to do great service, and to accomplish much for the 
 community. From ilie year 1805 up to the year 1824, 
 through the winter montlis, he served as a teacher of 
 youth in the village school at the Parade ; ami there is 
 many a man who proliteil by his wise teachings and 
 admonitions, and who still lives to honor him and to 
 cherish his memory. 
 
 From the year 181(3 up to the year 1850, forty years, 
 (and of course by forty annual elections), Mr. George 
 performed the duties of Town Clerk, The town records 
 of those long years, evini-ing his legal knowledge, his 
 good penmansliip, and his faithfulness to duty, will con- 
 stantly remain to him a monument of praise, 
 
 Mr, George had much distinction as a public speaker. 
 He had served as chaplain to the New Hampshire Legis- 
 lature, In his address he was ready, prompt and 
 elociuent ; as an elocutionist he always made the 
 most of whatever he undertook to read. In form Mr. 
 George was perfect ; his height about 5 feet 10 inches ; 
 his weight about 150 pounds ; his complexion sandy ; his 
 hair almost red, worn long, combed back, and nearly 
 erect ; it faded but little in old age. His dress Avas 
 usually of the finest black, neat long coat, hat rather 
 wide brimed. His a[)parel in early days, was a dress- 
 
f -^ 
 
 S.- 
 
1824 ITS CLERGYMEN. 61 
 
 coat, after the fashion of those times. old-fashio)ied 
 breeches, long boots, with red tops, and with tassels 
 swinging in front ; a wliite cravat tied in a bow. He 
 always wore a donble-ringed watch chain, which held a 
 ke3% set witli a fine cornelian stone, red and beautiful, and 
 a large gold seal. In snauner he was often seen having 
 on a long calico gown tied in a knot behind ; and if not 
 in his study, might generall}' be found in his garden, in 
 which he took great delight, busily at work. 
 
 Rev. Knos George was the son of Enos George, and 
 grandson of Miah George. Mis more remote ancestor 
 was Fi'ancis George, who came from the south of Eng- 
 land about IGSO. The R;n'. Enos was born June 2d, 
 1781. His mother was Dorothy, I he daughter of Barnes 
 Jewell, an Englishman. 
 
 In 1801, July 10, Miss Sophia Chesley, a lad}' of much 
 merit, became his partner in marriage. She was the 
 daughter of Jonathan Chesley, of Barnstead, previously 
 of Durham, N. II. Her life was domestic, 3'.et full of 
 benevolence and kindness. She died February 13, 1858, 
 at the age of 76. Very soon afterwards, October 2'Jth, 
 185'J, at the age of 78 years, Mr. George died. He left 
 the world as he had lived, in the triumph and belief of a 
 glorious immortality'. Their remains rest l)ut a few rods 
 easterly of the Parade churcli, in which he had so often 
 and so eloquentl}' preaclicd the Gospel to the people of 
 Barnstead. His many friends, with becoming generosity, 
 have erected a monument to his memory. 
 
 JIINISTERS. 
 
 Among the Clergymen who, at the early part of the 
 present centur^^ had occasionally preached in Barnstead, 
 other than Joseph Adams, Knowlton, and George, may 
 
62 HISTORY OF BARXSTKAL). 1S5G 
 
 be mentioned the Rev. William Balch, from 1784 to 1801, 
 llev. Joseph Buckminster, Rev. Joseph Haven, Rev. 
 William Parsons, Rev. Peletiah Tingley, and others, 
 also occasionally. 
 
 Elder Nathaniel Wilson, a Freewill Baptist, was 
 ordained here in 1805 ; resided in the first framed house 
 ever erected in Barnstead ; preached 35 years, and died 
 in 18.43. His wife was Fanny Proctor, of Loudon. Thoir 
 children were Fanny, afterwards the wife of Elder Wil- 
 liam Demeritt, of Durham ; Samuel, who emigrated to 
 the west among its first settlex's ; and Pantliea, who mar- 
 ried James Woodhouse. Panthea, with her liusband, 
 continued to reside at tlie old homestead, and sent out 
 nine sons and daughters, eight of whom were teachers, 
 and among whom was Betsey T., wife of the late Captain 
 Henry Savage, of Alton, who fell among many others at 
 the terrible battle of Chancellorville. Mrs. Savage now 
 resides in Boston. 
 
 The following Clergymen were cotemporaries with 
 Enos George as occasional laborers, and are entitled, at 
 least, to a brief notice : 
 
 Rev. E. H. Caswell, a Congregationalist ; he gradu- 
 ated at Middlebury College in 1844, and from the Theo- 
 logical Seminary, at Andover, Massachusetts, in 1847, 
 and preached in Barnstead in the years 1853 and 1854. 
 
 Rev. Thomas Goodwin preached here in the years 
 1855 and 1856, and about that time perhaps some others. 
 
 Rev. William O. Carr, a Congregationalist, was a 
 native of Deny, New Hampshire, was a graduate of 
 Dartmouth College, and from the Andover Seminaiy. Mr. 
 Carr was settled over the Parade church in 1861, and still 
 remains in the same field of labor, much respected and 
 
18(51 ITS CLERGYMEN, 63 
 
 much beloved. He was ordained at Centre Barnstead, 
 February 13, 1861, and by this ordination he then became 
 the acting Pastor of its Congregational churches. 
 The ordination services were as follows : 
 
 SERMON, 
 
 By the Rev. Joshua S. Gaj', of Chichester. 
 
 ORDAINING PRAYER AND RIGHT HAND OE FELLOWSHIP, 
 
 By the Rev. Luther Towuseiid, of Loudou. 
 
 CHARGE TO THE CANDIDATE, AND ADDRESS TO THE PEOPLE, 
 
 By the Rev. J. A. Hood, of Pittsfleld. 
 
 Rev. Amos Blanchard, of Lowell, was to have preach- 
 ed the ordination sermon, but his attendance, as well as 
 the presence of some other clergymen, was prevented by 
 an intervening snow-storm. 
 
 Of late, the west, the centre, and north parts of the 
 Town have made separate and distinct organizations for 
 the support of public worship, and generally each church, 
 for the most part of the time, is supplied with a Pastor. 
 
 Elder Hecter Caufield has had the care of the 
 church at the Centre, at least, for a considerable portion 
 of the time since 1866. 
 
 The North church has been supplied from its early 
 date by Ministers, as follows : by Elder Peletiah Ting- 
 ley, a Freewill Baptist, in 1777, and since then. Elder 
 David Moulton, jr., in 1803— he died in 1809 ; Elder John 
 Buzzell ; Elder Joseph Boody, sr. ; Elder John Caverly ; 
 Elder Nathaniel Wilson ; Elder David Garland, and Elder 
 Haskell. 
 
 Elder Jonathan Nelson, a Freewill Baptist, born in 
 Barnstead in 1785, ordained here in 1823, preached 
 mostly in Vermont. 
 
64 HISTORY OF BAKXSTEAD. 1863 
 
 Elder Samukl Lord, a son of William, boni in Barn- 
 stead in 17.S0. ordained in 1820, died in 1849 ; resided 
 mostly in Vermont. 
 
 Elder Daniel jMoultox, a native of Pittsfiold, b. in 
 1780, ordained in 1803, died in 1805. 
 
 Elder .John C'ayerly, of Stratford, i). in 178'J, onlained 
 in 1827, died in LSO-'i, often preached here. 
 
 Elder David L. Edgerlv, a Freewill Baptist, preach- 
 ed at the Parade and at Clarktown, al)out 18G0. 
 
 Elder Moses A. Quimisy, a Ereewill l^aptist, from 
 Epsom, preached occasionally at the Centre House. 
 
 Elder Joskpii IIaryey, an Adventist, from Pittsfield, 
 has of late preached in North Barnstead. 
 
 Rev. J. Blakk, a Congregationalist, ordained in 1838, 
 contimied here more or less up to 18G1. 
 
 Rev. A. W. EiSKK, a Congrcgationalist, from Fisher- 
 ville, preached at the Centre and at North Barnstead one 
 year, np to 18G7. 
 
 METHODISTS. 
 
 Elder F^benezer Gerry, and Folder Thomas Tread- 
 well, Methodists, have each in turn preached in the 
 Northwest part of Barnstead, bnt as late as 1870 they 
 had no church edifice. 
 
 adventists. 
 
 This people have a church edifice in what is commonl}- 
 called the Proctor neighborhood. Rev. William Bodge 
 has been their minister. 
 
 attending church. 
 
 In the olden time, on the Salibath morning in summer, 
 the roads and cross-paths of the town became dottetl with 
 
1863 ITS SABBATH DAYS. 65 
 
 pedestrians. The economical fasliions of that day ought 
 not to be forgotten. Among others we well remember the 
 following : before arriving at the church each lady would 
 exchange her thick shoe for a more comely one, while the 
 cast-offs would be consigned to some old log fence, or 
 other safe place, until her return. This hal)it has been 
 described thus : 
 
 " Then when the week hath turned its toil away, 
 How mild and silent is the Sabbath day I 
 The modest maiden churchward as she goes, 
 Proud in good looks, and go-to-meeting clothes. 
 Across the glen, untouched of dust or dews, 
 Bears in her hand her nice embroidered slioes ; 
 Her stockings, too, home-knit, of purest white, 
 Now, near the temple, pulls them on aright; 
 Then in the precinct of that holy place. 
 Where loud the Parson, grave, dispenses grace, 
 Shines forth a beauty flounced ; there seated down 
 The belle of all the beauties in Barnstead Town." 
 
 [Caverly.] 
 
 The wants of the inhabitants were few, and well 
 supplied ; they neither desired nor sought the luxuries 
 of life, nor the wasteful frivolities or follies of the cities. 
 The stillness of the Holy Sabbath came and went without 
 ought to break its quietude ; no bell sent its booming 
 swells through the old forests, as if to start the wild deer 
 from his coy retreat, nor to toll the church-going inhabi- 
 tants to the sacred -eltar. Who, of that day, does not 
 love the church of his childhoood — the greetings of men 
 and womeu from afar, their kindnesses, their sweet saluta- 
 tions and smiles, while they gathered to the gates of the 
 sacred sanctuaiy? At this date the recollection of the 
 Sabbath scenes are still vivid to the memories of many. 
 
66 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 18C3 
 
 How quaint to be seen, the two coming togetlier, 
 On the steady old nag, enjoying one mind. 
 Unheeding the pathway, tlie wind or tlie weather; 
 While closely she sticks to the pillion behind. 
 
 It was with slow and quiet tread that the entrance 
 to the sanctuary was approached. All were well dress- 
 ed in good home-made cloth ; the men were circum- 
 spect, the boys strong, and the girls were florid with 
 the bloom of health and beauty. The Deacons had 
 seats near the communion table, and there from Sab- 
 bath to Sabbath, constantly on duty. Deacons Nutter 
 and Hodgdon officiated for many years. The aged and 
 wealthy were seated on the broad aisle, and there you 
 would find Captain Eliphalet Nutter, Eli Bunker, Charles 
 Hodgdon, Benjamin Hodgdon, Aaron Chesle}^, Abraham 
 Bunker, and others of an equal grade. The boys and 
 people of less mejins took accommodations in the gal- 
 leries. The tythingman was held to a strict account. 
 It was within his province to keep good order ; under his 
 orders, no dog was permitted to rove in the aisles, the 
 canine race being held to prompt obedience within the pews 
 of their masters. The church service was from the hours 
 of ten to twelve o'clock, and in the afternoon from one to 
 three. This Parade meeting-house for the first thir- 
 ty years of its existence had in winter no warming 
 apparatus other than a common foot-stove ; the fires in it 
 were usually started by a brand from the fireplace of a near 
 neighbor. The hours of intermission were spent in the 
 neighboring houses, in social chat, at which all the news 
 of the week would be well learnt ; and the guests while 
 resting at the recess would usually be treated to apples, 
 pies or doughnuts, as the convenience of the family sup- 
 
1863 RELIGION. 67 
 
 plies would warraut, until at the stated hour of service 
 all were again in their places. Such were the habits 
 of our Fathers in fulfilling the duties of a New England 
 Sabbath. 
 
 AN INCIDENT. 
 
 It happened one day Avhen the congregation was still, 
 listening to the last sentences of the sermon, as we well 
 remember, a small boy alarmed us by getting his head 
 caught between two ballusters at the top of a pew. All 
 eyes were at once turned to the scene of commotion ; the 
 preacher could not be heard ; the hearers arose to learn 
 the cause of the uproar ; the minster stopped and stood 
 mute ; the tythingmau and others advanced to the rescue. 
 The boy had pushed his head between the banisters, 
 and to his surprise, the same power which crowded 
 his head in there would not force it out again, and he 
 roared most lustily ; the mother coaxed him ; the tything- 
 mau scolded ; but all to no purpose. It seemed that the 
 banisters were even uearer together than when his head 
 first went in ; at length, by a few cuts with a jack-knife, 
 the boy's head was disengaged, the outcry abated, and 
 quietude was restored to a troubled people. 
 
 THE FREEWILL BAPTISTS. 
 
 As Barnstead was near the great head and origin of 
 this religious order, it may not be inappropriate in this 
 connection, to speak of the principal men connected 
 with it, who had preached more or less in this town, and 
 who were the leaders in laying a foundation for this now 
 prosperous and influential denomination of Christians. 
 
&8 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1803 
 
 Benjamin Randall, its originator, was an advocate in 
 behalf of the doctrines of a general atonement, condi- 
 tional election, free communion, and a voluntary support 
 of the ministry. With these characteristic principles, he 
 founded a denomination upon the apostles and prophets, 
 Jesus Christ being the chief corner stone. 
 
 The first church of the order was organized at New 
 Durham, N. H,, June 30, 1780. It consisted of seven 
 members. Their names were as follows : Benjamin Ran- 
 dall, Robert Boody, Nathaniel Buzzell, Joseph Boody, 
 Judith Cartell, Margaret Boody, and Mary Buzzell. 
 
 From this beginning in 1780, the denomination now 
 (1868) numbers 127G churches, and 1221 ordained minis- 
 ters, and about 59,211 communicants. 
 
 Its founder, Benjamin Randall, was born at Ports- 
 mouth, N. H., Feb. 7, 1749. His education was from 
 the common schools. At the age of twenty-one he was 
 awakened at the preaching of George Whitfield, and met 
 with a change in a few days afterwards by hearing of the 
 death of that celebrated divine. Whitfield died Sept. 30, 
 1770, at Newburyport. 
 
 Randall finally settled in New Durham, where he con- 
 tinued to reside during the most part of his thirty years 
 of ministerial labors. His free and open doctrines to a 
 considerable extent, were favoral)ly received in New Dur- 
 ham, Barrington, and Barnstead, and adjoining towns, — 
 whenever and wherever Randall and his preachers from 
 time to time held forth. 
 
 Randall died at New Durham, of consumption, Octo- 
 ber 22, 1808, aged 59 years. The funeral services were 
 on the 26th. The sermon was by Elder John Buzzell. 
 Text, Timothy iv : 7-8 : 
 
 "I have fousht a ffood fielit." 
 
1863 RELIGION. 69 
 
 Several ministers were present. Six of tlie oldest 
 bore liim to liis final rest. It is said the assembly of 
 people was such as had nevei- Ijefore been seen at a funer- 
 al, in that part of the coiiutry ; and that the scene was 
 solemn and impressive. 
 
 After the lapse of flfl^y years, and after most of his 
 co-laborers " had gone hence,"' the connection, in its 
 appreciation of his heroic an*.! saintly labors, erected to 
 his memory a monuuient of marble. 
 
 Joseph Bood_y, above mentioned, was Joseph, senior, 
 who, after aiding Randall in the formation of the first 
 church, and in the taking of the preliminary steps towards 
 the organization of theii' then new denomination, settled 
 in the north part of Barrington (now Strattbrd), adjoining 
 Barnstead, and there, and in the neighboring towns, 
 preached for over thirty years. His tall person, dignified 
 appearance, and heav}^ voice, were prepossessing ; his 
 great wit, severe sarcasm, and peerless independence, 
 rendered him a successful antagonist as well as orator. 
 Though he was not without his faults, he did much during 
 his ministry as a co-worker witli Randall in laying the 
 foundatiou for that denomination of Christians which 
 the}' had originated, and which is now becoming widely 
 extensive, influential, and prosi)erous. He was born in 
 Barrington, May 16, 1752, and died at his residence in 
 Straftbrd, January 17, 1824, aged 72 years. 
 
 FREEWILL BAPTIST CHURCHES. 
 
 This denomination soon became somewhat numerous 
 in Barnstead, yet more so in Barrington, Pittsfield, Gil- 
 manton, and New Durham. As they increased, churches 
 
70 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1863 
 
 were formed and preaching was had " without money and 
 without price." They relied more on Bible doctrines and 
 puritan principles, than upon rigid rules or creeds in a 
 church government. 
 
 Up to the year 1804, they had scarcely been recog- 
 nized as a Christian denomination. At that time their 
 burden of taxation was changed by the Legislature of 
 New Hampshire, and tbey thereby became a distinct sect 
 among the denominations of New England. 
 
 As at first they had no meeting-houses, they were con- 
 stantly subjected to great inconveniences, such as at the 
 present day are entirelj^ unknown. For the want of 
 churches, dwelUng-hoiises, barns, orchards, and groves, 
 were often made to take the place of them. The rations 
 of a soldier, to them at their " yearly meetings," and 
 " quarterly conferences," were regarded as ample fare, 
 with which all were satisfied. Beds were provided for 
 the aged or feeble, while others found contentment and 
 rest without convenient couch or covering. 
 
 An eye witness says : " At a quarterly meeting at 
 Pittsfield in 1802, Elder Knowlton filled every bed in his 
 house, and then twenty of us lay on the floor, and as 
 many more slept in the barn." 
 
 In 1816 there was a great revival among them. Tliis 
 was a cold, dreary year. Business was dull, the crops 
 were light, and in many places proved a failure. Yet 
 thej^ did not seem to see it. Their revival advanced, and 
 the extension of their churches seemed to inspire them to 
 faithfulness and to prosperit}'. 
 
 In 1819 the yearly meeting at New Durham is said to 
 have been one of many blessings. About that time a 
 cloud of mercy visited Barnstead, Gilmanton and Pitts- 
 
1863 LAND SALES. 71 
 
 field — all sharing it — which soon Ijccame more and more 
 manifest, extending far and wide. 
 
 There were two cases of death by spotted fever in 
 Barnstead that yeav. 
 
 LAND SALES. 
 
 ■ Having previonsly recorded a brief account of the 
 building of the first meeting-house and of other churches, 
 as well as of the ministiy who have hitherto preached in 
 Barnstead, we now return to its early land sales. These 
 lands were for a considerable time held by its original 
 proprietors, yet at an early day many of the lots had 
 been disposed of to others ; and that too, before any 
 general survey of the town had been made. Thus selling 
 and re-selling went on up to the period when a general 
 survey was had, at which time the ranges were defined, 
 and each man's land was allotted to him. The farms 
 were laid out, some of them sixty aci"es, and others one 
 hundred acres ; space for a range-road was left between 
 every tier of lots. Homesteads adjoining Pittsfield were 
 purchased first ; most of these were obtained of the 
 Adams's, who had bought them at the auction sales. The 
 town generally was well timbered with a heavy growth 
 of pine, oak, maple, beech, birch, hemlock and spruce ; 
 yet out of this timber the old charter excepted and reserv- 
 ed to the Crown, " all mast-trees growing on said tract of 
 land" " for the better order, rule and government of said 
 Town." 
 
72 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1S63 
 
 The first record of au}^ sale, after the survey of the 
 town, is in the Kockingham Registiy ; this lot was bought 
 in 16G7 by Benjamin Nutter of Newington, of Hatevil 
 Nutter of the same phice. It is now a farm, situated on 
 the rise of ground south of the Parade, containing one 
 hundred acres. The lot numbered tliirtjxseven, was 
 purchased as being on the Province road, and was after- 
 wards occupied ]jy Benjamin Nutter until his death. 
 Nathaniel Nutter was his son. This farm is now owned 
 and occupied as a liomestead by Charles S. George, 
 Esquire. 
 
 On September 17, 1772, Richard Downing, Esquire, 
 sold to Benjamin Colebatii, of Barustead, several pieces 
 of land as appears, " in consMeration of one hundred and 
 forty -five pounds lawful money to us in hand from the 
 said Colebath." These lands were mostly on the Province 
 road, uuml)ered fj, 5, 4 and 3, and were sold generally 
 for the payment of the proprietor's del)ts. 
 
 In 1772, Benjamin Colebath, of Durham, bought of 
 Mark Hunking Wentworth lot numbered 4 in the first 
 division of lots. 
 
 In the same year, Winthrop Smart bought of Rev. 
 Joseph Adams sixty acres of land in the same first divi- 
 sion of lots. This deed was given at Newington, and 
 was witnessed bj^ Benjamin Adams, James Adams and 
 Caleb G. Adams. This same lot was originally owned 
 by Mark Aj'ers, having been bought at public vendue. 
 
 John Tasker, September 17, 1772, at Newington, 
 purchased several lots of land of the proprietor's committee. 
 A record of these deeds is in the Dover Registry. Tlie 
 lands sold generally at the price of about £17 per lot, 
 lawful money. 
 
1863 
 
 FIRST FAMILIES 
 
 73 
 
 " John Nutter, the 4tli blacksmith of ye Province of 
 New Hampshire, bought of Matathias Nutter, of Newing- 
 ton, at 20 £, two lots of one hundred acres each, being in 
 the first and second division of lots." 
 
 NAMES OF FIRST PROPRIETORS. 
 
 Many of the names of the prirae\al settlers are still 
 familiar, yet there were some whose names are scarcel^y 
 known in these da3's, evincing the fact that in tlic absence 
 of a written history, five generations may pass, leaving 
 the fifth with little or no knowledge of the third. Our 
 only record from which to call up those lost families in 
 our native town is in the imperfect memories of our ven- 
 erable inhabitants, and who are last vanishing awa3\ By 
 these facts we are admonished to diligence in preserving 
 the facts material to the histoiy of our fathers, and in 
 striving to save from oblivion at least a part of what we 
 have constantl}^ been loosing. The following are the sur- 
 names of settlers from 17G8 to 17'JO : 
 
 Adams. 
 
 Ciiiclair, 
 
 Evans. 
 
 Ayers, 
 
 Clark, 
 
 Garland, 
 
 Avery, 
 
 Caswell, 
 
 Green, 
 
 Bimker, 
 
 Colebath, 
 
 Hodgdon 
 
 Blake, 
 
 Dennett, 
 
 Huckins, 
 
 Bachelder, 
 
 Dudley, 
 
 Hayes, 
 
 Berry, 
 
 Daniels, 
 
 Hill, 
 
 Browu, 
 
 Dockbam. 
 
 Hatch, 
 
 Babb, 
 
 Davis, 
 
 Jacobs, 
 
 Bickford, 
 
 Drew, 
 
 Kaime, 
 
 Chesley, 
 
 Edgerly, 
 
 Lougee, 
 
 Collins. 
 
 Elliott, 
 
 Locke. 
 
74 
 
 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 
 
 1863 
 
 Lord, 
 
 Parshley, 
 
 Tibhetts, 
 
 Muncy, 
 
 Pendergast, 
 
 Seward, 
 
 Muclgett, 
 
 Place, 
 
 Ures, 
 
 Mason, 
 
 Pitman, 
 
 Williams, 
 
 Nelson, 
 
 Shackford, 
 
 Walker, 
 
 Nutter, 
 
 Tasker, 
 
 Wiggiu. 
 
 Pickering, 
 
 Tuttle, 
 
 
 FIRST SETTLERS. 
 
 Ebenezer Adams was the first person who with a 
 family settled in Barnstead ; lie removed here from New- 
 iugtou aud located himself on a lot near the north line 
 of Barrington, and near the log cabin, which had been 
 dedicated by his father as the first meeting-house in this 
 then wilderness. 
 
 Colonel Richard Cinclair came from Newington and 
 established himself upon a lot of land where Elder Na- 
 thaniel Wilson afterwards lived and died ; it was about 
 six miles from the log church. Cinclair was the second 
 settler. A story is often told here, that Mrs. Cinclair, in 
 the absence of her husband, wearing snow-shoes, brought 
 hay from Newington to Barnstead, (thirty miles) on a 
 hand-sled, with which to feed and preserve the life of her 
 cow. It has also been stated that this same lady, at one 
 time on her way home from abroad, among the trees 
 encountered a deer, drove him into the deep snow, and 
 killing him with her jack-knife, took him home. 
 
1863 FIRST FAMILIES. 75 
 
 Such New England mothers are not common in these 
 our days. 
 
 James Dealing was our third settler ; he located 
 himself in the wilderness ; his mansion was according to 
 the fashions, a log house ; it stood where Arthur Bickford 
 now lives. Adams, Ciaclair, and Dealing, all came from 
 Newington, had families, and were the first settlers of the 
 forest. 
 
 They usually felled the trees in a lot large enough for 
 a small field, burned the ground over, and then planted it 
 to corn. Dealing, at one time, had a corn field near his 
 house, Avhich had been invaded by the bears, and having 
 business at Newington, some thirty miles away, he tied 
 his dog in his field to frighten them away. This scheme 
 worked vvell enough at first, but the master was de- 
 tained too long from home, and the dog starved. 
 
 Tradition does not tell us whether the bears starved 
 or not. They probaljly inherited the corn at the decease 
 of the dog. 
 
 John Bickford commenced a residence here in 17C5. 
 He owned the Dealing farm, employed workmen, and being- 
 lame, used to superintend it on horseback. He was 
 from Newington, and on the way to Barnstead, his son, 
 John, (afterwards Colonel,) then eight years old, drove 
 the team, but rode all the way " on the tongue of the 
 sled " for fear of the bears. 
 
 FIRST TOWN MEETING. 
 
 The first meeting of the town as a corporation was 
 held here, at John Bickford's. He died in 1804. 
 
76 HISTORY OV BAUXSTEAD. 
 
 1863 
 
 Afterwards the son, Colonel John Bkkford, took the 
 location where the house of Charles Ilodgdon, Jr., stood, 
 and where Mr. Clark's house now stands. He built the 
 Hodgdon house ; and then removed to the Old Lyford 
 house at the Dennett Place, now occupied by Arthur 
 Bickford, where he contiimed to reside up to 1815, at which 
 time he removed to the Captain John Chesley farm ; and 
 thence to Cinclair's Mills, rebuilt them, and resided there 
 until his decease in 1851. 
 
 Colonel Bickford lived to the age of 85 years. He left 
 two sons, Arthur and Daniel, both having families, and 
 both residing in Barnstead. The Colonel was industri- 
 ous, was generous, lived respected, and died much 
 lamented. 
 
 Arthur Bickford, his son, still resides on the old 
 farm. *• 
 
 In a letter he says : " When mj' father lived on the old 
 Chesley Place he lost a sheep, killed by some wild beast. 
 Not knowing what it was, I procured a trap and set it be- 
 side the carcass. One day I went for the trap and it was 
 not there. I followed the trap for a considerable distance 
 through the woods, among the uprooted trees ; heard the 
 rattle of the chain, aud saw the animal, such as I had 
 never seen before. I procured a cudgel, and the animal 
 'showed fight.' I had to keep at a proper distance, 
 away, outside the upturned roots ; but sometimes got 
 near enough to give her ' a side-winder.' After a long 
 fight I ' fetched her,' and took her to the house. It was 
 there decided to l)e a wild cat, a Siberian lynx. I set my 
 trap again, and in a few days caught another ; and in a 
 few days more I caught another. There was a bounty on 
 
18G3 
 
 FIRST FAMILIES. 77 
 
 them, — three dollars each. The pelts brought a dollar 
 apiece. B^- this time you'd better think, I felt pretty well. 
 Here ends my wild-cat stoiy." 
 
 Farms near to the " Great Road," then being built, in 
 the south part of the town, were regarded and sought for 
 by the first settlers as most desirable of any. The set- 
 tlers of them, for the most part, were active business 
 men, and all well worthy, at least, of a brief place in this 
 work. 
 
 Charles Hodgdon, Esquire, Sen., was from Newing- 
 ton ; and settled on the Province Road in 17G8. His 
 was the first two-story, well-finished house. It stood on 
 the south side of the road, nearly opposite the house 
 since built by his son. He was a deacon of the church, 
 a Justice of the Peace, and f©r several years a member 
 of the Convention. The first chaise used in town was 
 owned by him ; it had a square, standing top, lined with 
 English calico. Charles, Senior, had two sons, Benjamin 
 and Charles, both of whom, in their day, were prominent 
 men; he died in 1815, much lamented, — aged seventy- 
 five. 
 
 Jonx Elliott lived in the north ; he settled here 
 about the j^ear 1774. He was a man of much endurance. 
 Tradition says he bought his corn at Durham ; that at 
 one time he brought a bushel of it home upon his shoul- 
 ders, some twenty-five miles ; that he had to ford the 
 Branch river (Suncook). But the river had swollen so 
 that he could not cross it, he however staid all night in the 
 woods, not far from his own house ; but the storm abated, 
 
78 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1863 
 
 in the morning he forded the river and arrived home 
 with his corn, — there in sweet contentment to enjoy 
 it. 
 
 Major John Nutter settled here in 17G8. He was 
 from Newington ; was a descendant of Anthony Nntter 
 of Dover (1GG2), and who was a conncillor in 1G82. 
 Hatevil Nutter, one of his ancestors, was an inhabitant 
 of Dover in 1G69. 
 
 Major John was an officer in the Revohition, and filled 
 many prominent offices in town, such as Moderator, Se- 
 lectman, and the like. He was gentlemanly in manner 
 and was a ready speaker ; he took pride in the military, 
 and was an efficient officer. He died at the age of eighty 
 years upon his original homestead, leaving a large family. 
 Samuel Kaine, Esquire, married his daughter. 
 
 Joseph Bunker, in 1770, took for his homestead a 
 lot on the Range, about half a mile on the north-east of 
 the parade ; it contained a heaA\y growth of pine and oak 
 timber. He was from Dover ; his son, Joseph, inherited 
 the place, and after the decease of Joseph, Jr., Enoch, 
 tlie grandson, inherited it. 
 
 Enoch was a Free-will Baptist ; for many years meet- 
 ings were held at his house. He removed to the State of 
 Maine ; was a deacon of the church ; was a good man, 
 and did much for his favorite denomination. 
 
 Joseph, Jr., lived eighty years and upwards. His 
 mother, Aunt Sarah as she was called, died in 1815, aged 
 105 years. Joseph, her son, at the age of eighty, as it is 
 said, was addressed by his minister reminding him of the 
 
1863 FIRST FAMILIES. 79 
 
 uncertainty of life ; " God bless you," said Joseph, 
 " me die ? my old mother is living- 3'et ! " 
 
 Moses Dennett's homestead was on the high ground 
 on the Province Road, towards Gilmanton ; he came 
 from Portsmouth about the 3'ear 1769, was by trade a 
 tailor. His house was of logs and stood upon the spot 
 now occupied by his descendants. Mr. Dennett for a 
 considerable time brought his provisions from Dover on 
 horse-back, following the spotted trees. His house stood 
 in the deep, dark woods, and in his absence he usually 
 left a small boy with his wife. At one time the boy be- 
 coming tired of a secluded life, deserted the house and 
 went to his home in Dover, leaving the wife for several 
 days and nights alone in her cabin, to, be entertained by 
 the voices of howling wolves and the bleak storms of 
 winter. Mr. Dennett had an excellent farm ; it has 
 descended to the fourth generation, who are still living 
 there. 
 
 John Bunker, the miller, settled in Barnstead in 
 17G9. His ancestors wore from Maiden; he came from 
 Durham, N. H., had five sons and two daughters. His 
 land extended from Dodavah Bunker's hill (since Pitts- 
 field), following the first range, taking in all the land on 
 the east side of the river, to, and beyond the Province 
 Road, including the mill privilege and land on the north 
 side of the river, and including the lands where the Pa- 
 rade Village stands. 
 
 Mr. Bunker built his house on the high ground now 
 owned by Dr. John Wheeler ; traces of the old cellar are 
 still there. He built the first mill ; its timbers are of oak. 
 
80 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1863 
 
 large and strong. Mr. Bunker was nuicli respected, had 
 served as Town Clerk, Moderator, and Selectman, and 
 lived to the age of fonr-score years ; his widow, then sur- 
 viving him, lived to the extreme old age of ninety-five. 
 
 P]li Bunker. The mantle of John fell on Eli, and 
 Eli inherited the mill, being the eldest son. They were 
 all industrious business men, all had families ; Eli carried 
 on the mill business, was inventive, was always seeking 
 improvements, and was wealthy and generous. 
 
 He was emphatically a man of inventions ; he erected 
 a mill on dry ground, sui)posing he could make it operate 
 b}'^ the power of weights, and without steam, wind, or 
 water. His greatest fear was not that his mill would not 
 go, but that he might not be able to stop it after it had 
 started to go. 
 
 The mill at length was finished, but being on high 
 ground it would not budge an inch. The grain was 
 pnt into the hopper, but no meal wonld come out ; yet 
 after a while he added horse power to it, and it oi)erated 
 very well. This mill for half a century at least stood 
 there, under the appellation of Eli's perpetual motion. 
 
 He had a large family. The male descendants of 
 John and Eli have all left town, or have died ; P^li lived 
 to the age of eighty years. His two youngest sons, by 
 an Act of the Legislature, took the name " Bauchor." 
 
 Two of his grandsons are in Boston, viz :. 
 
 John F. Banciior, Esquire, who resides at No. "50 East 
 Springfield street, is a gentleman in extensive trade, and 
 has done much to encourage the publication of the annals 
 of Banistead. 
 
1863 FIRST FAMILIES. 81 
 
 George S. Banciior, who resides at No. 23 High 
 street, is also a, merchant in a prosperous business, 
 evincing most clearly, at least in this instance, that 
 the spirit of enterprise Avliich inspired the forefixthers is 
 not lost in the sons, nor bleached out b_y the years of 
 many generations. The original settlers from whom they 
 descended were Joseph, John, Dodapher, and Jonathan. 
 They were from Dover, and we think all of them are 
 from the same stock. 
 
 As early as 1034 there was one l)y that name at IMal- 
 den ; he was there in 1037, and died in 1038. Benjamin, 
 the son of George, had a son who graduated at Harvard 
 in 1038 and died in 1070. His brother John died at Mai- 
 den in 1072 ; a descendant by tlie name of William is 
 now a resident in Lowell. They are usually men of tem- 
 perate habits, health}', well-proportioned, size large, aver- 
 aging about two hundred pounds, and generally have 
 lived to a profitable old age. 
 
 Jacob Pickering resided on the elevated land about 
 one mile north of the Parade ; he was a good f-irmer, 
 reared a large family ; many of his descendants were busi- 
 ness men, l)ut like many others have left the town of 
 their cliildhood, and have sought business and located 
 their homes elsewhere. This family probably originated 
 from John Pickering, a carpenter, who came to New Eng- 
 land in 1030, who lived in Ipswich in 1034, and after- 
 wards in Salem. 
 
 John Peavey, Esquire, early settled at Barnstead Cen- 
 tre, purchased Tasker's Mills and lands adjoining. He 
 
82 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1863 
 
 enlarged the mills, sold land, and greatly faeilitated busi- 
 ness in bis neigbborbood. His native place was Bar- 
 rington ; in beigbt he was six feet four inches, was well- 
 proportioned, kept a pul)lic house and a store of goods in 
 connection with his mill-business. He was ever active in 
 town affairs, — represented it in General Court, and 
 served often as a selectman, and moderator. In Jackson's 
 time be was the bearer of the Presidential vote of New 
 Hampshire to Washington, was a Captain in the Militia, 
 and was active in aid of tlie government in the war of 
 1812. He died at the age of eighty years, leaving one 
 daughter to inherit the homestead ; she is the wife of Mr. 
 Daniel Bickford. 
 
 ISAAC GARLAND. 
 
 He early settled at North Barnstead ; was the son of 
 John Garland of Dover. He built a log cabin here, 
 and lived in it many years ; it had neither door, 
 window, glass, nor chimney. He lived a long life 
 in this locauty, and died here at the age of ninety. His 
 years of marriage were seventy-two ; his wife died at the 
 age of eighty-seven. They had six sons and three 
 daughters. In his last years Mr. Garland was blind, yet 
 always patient and cheerful. He was a reader, and some- 
 times a writer of poetr3\ The following is from the pen 
 of his old age, written on his birthday : — 
 
 "My years now number eighty-four, 
 
 How can I ask the Lord for more? 
 I'll lay my head upon His breast, — 
 How peaceful there 'twill be to rest ! ' 
 
 The following items of charge were taken from his ac- 
 
18G3 FIRST FAMILIES. 83 
 
 count book of fifty years ago, evincing tlie prices current 
 of that (lay : — 
 
 One day's work, liaying $0.50 Making pair of boots $1.50 
 
 Maid, one week .50 One busliel of wlieat 1 50 
 
 One 4 weeks old pig .50 One busliel of corn 100 
 
 Use of horse .50 One busliel rye .75 
 
 Use of wagon, 15 miles .50 One busliel flax seed 1.00 
 
 Making a plow .50 One busliel barley .75 
 
 Wood for same .50 One ,1/ good boards 5 50 
 
 Making pair shoes .50 One .1/good shingles 2.00 
 One cord hemlock wood $'2.50 
 
 Seventy-five years ago the wild boar had not disap- 
 peared in tliis locality, and the settlers sometimes used to 
 set guns for thera in their corn-fields. In doing this, a 
 long line was attached to tlie gun, at one end, and fastened 
 at the other ; and tlic liear was invited to shoot himself 
 iu crossing it. 
 
 At one time, in Mr. Garland's absence from home, a 
 neighbor had set a gun in his cornfield; on his return, 
 in the evening, Mr. Garland, not knowing what had been 
 done, went out to visit his corn, and feeling vigorous 
 started upon the run, — the line caught liis shoe-buckle, 
 the gun discharged itself wdth a loud report and the balls 
 went whistling into a log close beliind hiui. Mr. Gar- 
 land's vigorous movement, as he thought, preserved his 
 life, as by the favor of an over-ruling Providence iu whom 
 be believed and had ever trusted. 
 
 Richard Garland was a son of Isaac, lived in P^ast 
 Barnstead, and was a most useful and exemplary citizen. 
 He was a thorough English scholar, a teacher of schools 
 at least for a quarter of a century, and an excellent farmer. 
 
84 ■ HISTORY OF BAKNSTEAI). 18CS 
 
 At the age of forty he made himself master of the 
 Greek and Hebrew languages, so far, at least, as to be 
 able to read the Old and New testaments in their original 
 tongues. He had a large library ; had served twice as a 
 representative to the General Court ; had filled the offices 
 of County Commissioner, and Selectman ; was cautious 
 and exact ; was self-taught, and was highly respected for 
 his piety and virtue. He fell in his field ])y a sun-stroke, 
 aged sixty-eight years. 
 
 Nathaniel Adams, tlie son of Dr. Joseph, and grand- 
 son of the Rev. Joseph Adams, lived on the new road, 
 near Beauty Pond, and on the old homestead originall}' 
 settled b}' his father ; he had a nephew settled near him. 
 He was a man social in his manners, as were the most of 
 his kindred ; he was a Church member, much devoted, — 
 neither cold nor storm kept him from church on the Sab- 
 bath ; even in the midst of a tempest "Uncle Nat" was 
 sure to come, and "Aunt Nabby" by his side well pro- 
 tected from the cold. The old erect, red sleigh and grey 
 horse, jingling at least one bell, brought them safely ; and 
 the happy pair were always well received. He lived to 
 more than his fourscore, and died leaving one son. 
 
 John Keniston. Where is the boy in town that has 
 not heard of him ? He came from Newington at an earl3'- 
 day, and pitched his tent near the shore of the Branch 
 river, and near its junction with the Suncook. He was a 
 great hunter and trapper : the otter, the beaver, and the 
 foxes ; the mink, the musk-rat, the wild goose, and the 
 duck, — all had occasion to fear his weapons of death, 
 and to keep aloof from his hidden traps and deceptive 
 boats. 
 
18G3 FIRST FAMILIES. 85 
 
 Beneath a bunch of pine or hemlock boughs, Keniston 
 would sometimes secrete himself, and floating down the 
 stream thus disguised, would deal death upon large flocks 
 of unwary ducks, or whatever else might be decoyed or 
 deceived by him. 
 
 Keniston lived fourscore years and upwards ; was a 
 good citizen, and left children who inherited his estate. 
 
 Pitt Lougee settled on the south side of the Suncook, 
 opposite Bunker's Mill. He built a good farm-house, and 
 also a mill for coloring and dressing cloths. This was 
 our first coloring and clothing mill ; the same site is now 
 owned and occupied by J. M. Babcock, Esquire, for the 
 same purposes, yet A'ory much enlarged and improved. 
 
 The old fulling mill was a small building, and part of 
 it remained unfinished a long time. The cloth was fulled 
 and colored here, and then it was carried to a small build- 
 ing near the dwelling house, there pressed and finished. 
 The press was of oak, and was large according to the old 
 fashions. 
 
 Mr. Lougee came from Barrington, near Dover. In 
 person he was tall and erect, his hair white, tied in a cue ; 
 he was quick in motion, always industrious ; the tones of 
 his voice were feminine and youthful, Avhile his silvery 
 locks indicated advanced old age. 
 
 He returned at length to his native Barrington, where 
 he died at the age of ninety years. 
 
 Pelatiah Daniels settled in the south-east of Barn- 
 stead. He was here early ; was prominent in town af- 
 fairs ; was intelligent, lived to a good old age ; left chil- 
 dren, but none of them remain. 
 
86 HISTORY OF liAKNSTEAD. l'''*'^ 
 
 Samuel Caswell was here as early as 1785, took an 
 elevated lot on the high groniids at Beanty Hill, which 
 connnanded a beautiful view from the White Hills to 
 Portsmouth Harbor. 
 
 He came from Nottingham, was a temperance rnnn, 
 and was ()i)po.setl to the use of tobacco as well as to ar- 
 dent spirits. His strictly temperance hal)its prol)ably 
 added n.any, many years to his long life. He was at all 
 times industrious, quiet, and contented ; and, as has been 
 said, was never seen fifteen miles from home. He died in 
 l<sr>5, aged one hundred and seven years. He reared a 
 large family ; one of his sons inherited the homestead. 
 
 Cai)tain John Dkeav. He resided on tlie Province 
 Road : his jjlace was the same, since occupied by Benja- 
 min Hodgdon. 
 
 Ca[)tain Drew had been an officer in the Revolution, 
 and settled here innnediatel}^ afterwards. His land ex- 
 tended from the Pittsfiehl line to the Range parallel, and 
 onward north of the Province Road, containing both val- 
 ley and rolling lands. He at once felled the trees and 
 cleared several acres of it for planting. After living a 
 while in a cabin, he built a large framed house, also a barn 
 on the opposite side of the road ; this house he occupied 
 as a ta\ern. 
 
 His manner of life was singular; he was in the habit 
 of dressing in furs, and in various rustic garbs ; and for 
 most of the time made tlie deep woods his dwelling place. 
 He often wandered far back into Canada, supplying himself 
 with game from the forest ; and when that failed, he fed 
 himself on domestic animals, such as he could find on the 
 way. Thus wandering he lived many years, sometimes 
 
1863 FIRST FAMILIES. 87 
 
 however trading in horses and cattle with the Canadians. 
 Occasionally he would return home, but his stay at liome 
 was usually of short duration. At length, on one of his 
 returns, he sold his house and all his lands to one Collins, 
 reserving only a small lot in the orchard next to the 
 street, and near the west end of the barn for his burying- 
 ground. 
 
 Several j-oars had elapsed when the old Captain re- 
 turned ; and after being supported a considerable time, at 
 the town's expense, he died, and was buried in the or- 
 chard. A rude stone is left there to mark his resting 
 place. 
 
 Subsequent to Drew's decease, as well as before, there 
 were many strange stories afloat in reference to him, but 
 whether true or false will perhaps never be known. There 
 were several circumstances which tended to rouse sus- 
 picion and give currency to the reports then in circula- 
 tion. 
 
 Drew's was a tavern house, and a stranger (whom 
 they called a peddler), one evening, had been seen riding 
 that way. The next day, near by, a horse was found 
 feeding by the road side, and there being no owner for 
 him, he was taken to Drew's barn ; and, according to the 
 laws or fashions of that time, a birch withe was tied about 
 the neck, and the horse was cried as an astray on all the 
 roads in town, but no owner came for him then or ever 
 afterwards. This matter rested for a time, but soon sus- 
 picions and surmises took wing, until the story of Drew 
 and the Peddler was common to all the neighborhood. 
 
 Some time afterwards a cave was discovered near the 
 same old house, to the east of it, Avliich was covered in, 
 and had been kept most adroitl}^ ; and being found after 
 
88 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAT). 1*^G3 
 
 the old man had gone hence, tended to perpetnate those 
 suspicions and surmises as against the good faith of its 
 original proprietor, and paved the way for ghosts and 
 hobgoblins in that neighl)orhood. 
 
 Collins continued to dwell there, but the old barn, as 
 ■they would have it, was haunted with the midnight ghosts 
 of the departed ; the barn floor even appeared to be 
 moved b}^ tliem ; the planks with which it was laid could 
 not be kept down ; at night they would be torn up ; Col- 
 lins would nail them down, but they could not be made to 
 stay there ; and such was the faith of this man as to the 
 wicked works which had been done in that old barn, and 
 in the uneartldy spectres which seemed to follow and in- 
 habit it, he at length became induced to tear it down. 
 This being done he built one on the opposite side of the 
 road ; and by that act, and from that day, for aught we 
 know, the anger of the ghosts became appeased. 
 
 This was many years ago ; since then we are not 
 aware that any such spectral demonstrations have been 
 witnessed there. 
 
 Aaron Ciiesley came from Durham in 1771, and 
 bought the land bordering on the Suncook, west of it, 
 and not far from the Parade. This proved to be well- 
 wooded, abounding with heavy timber, and productive ! 
 He soon became a prosperous farmer ; annuall}^ he filled 
 his large barn with hay and grain ; his numerous stock of 
 cows, fat oxen, and horses, amply rewarded his industry, 
 his faithfulness and toil. He raised much fruit, and an- 
 nually made from twenty-five to thirty hogsheads of cider. 
 This being stored in his cellar, would in the course of 
 the year be brought up in mugs, to be consumed as a bev- 
 
1863 FIRST FAMILIES. 89 
 
 erage by the family, and by workmeu employed on the 
 farm. 
 
 Mr. Chesley owned a part of the new saw-mill which 
 stood on the south side of the Snncook, opposite the 
 mills. " Uncle Aaron," as he was called, was thick set, 
 head inclining forward, with long white locks ; he was 
 quick in movement as well as in wit. 
 
 While passing the village doctor's door one day, he 
 was saluted, — 
 
 "How are ye, Mr. Chesley?" 
 
 " I am right up and down, like a dog's fore leg." 
 
 " Yes," said the doctor, " and you're a right up and 
 down dog all over." 
 
 They were always friendly, yet ready for a joke, try- 
 ing to make life cheerful. 
 
 Mr. Chesle3^ was a descendant of Philip Chesley who 
 lived in Dover in 1642. Aaron died in 1820 ; his family 
 was large, and his descendants still occupy the old home- 
 stead. 
 
 Richard Sinclair was the son of Maj. Richard Sinclair, 
 of Gilmanton, who was one- of the petitioners for the first 
 Town-meeting of that town. 
 
 Richard Sinclair of Barnstead, was born in Newing- 
 tou ; his wife was the daughter of Charles Hodgdou, 
 Esquire ; he was the first trader in Barnstead, and did 
 much in raising men for the service of the Revolution. 
 In town affairs he was active, and evinced a taste for in- 
 ternal improvements. His business habits often called 
 him from home ; at length he left home, apparently as 
 usual, but never returned, and never afterwards was 
 
 12 
 
90 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1863 
 
 traced. His wife was a Puritan, wlio lived much beloved, 
 and died lamented. 
 
 His son, Charles G., was a soldier in the war of 1812, 
 and eventualh- died of disease caused by a wound re- 
 ceived in that service. 
 
 Their descendants do not appear to be numerous in 
 Barnstead, yet one grandson, John G. Sinclair, Esq., is 
 prominently known, at least politicall}-, — is valiant in the 
 democratic faith of his ancestors, and is one of the brave 
 sons of New Hampshire. He has extended favors to 
 us in the publication of these annals. 
 
 John Tasker, Esquire. He lived in the East ptirt of 
 Barnstead, on the same premises now occupied by his 
 descendants ; was a smith by trade, and a native of New- 
 ington. He had purchased at auction large tracts of laud, 
 prices varjdng from £10 to £17 by tlie hundred acres. 
 
 This land was sold in the pa^'ment of taxes mostly to 
 cancel expenses of the Province Road. Mr. Tasker was 
 a man of considerable wealth and influejice ; was a farmer, 
 and occasionally filled the offices of selectman and mod- 
 erator and other places of public trust. He lived to the 
 age of nearly fourscore. His son Joseph inherited the 
 homestead, and lived to a good old age, and died leaving 
 sons and grandsons still to inherit the soil. 
 
 Moses Rand, a native of New^buryport, located him- 
 self in 1772, on tlie high grounds then uncultivated, but 
 fertile, towards " Beauty Hill." He died in 1825 at an 
 advanced age, leaving a fine farm to his surviving family. 
 He had three sons, Samuel, Wentworth and Jonathan. 
 The two latter were soldiers in the war of 1812. These 
 
18G3 FIRST FAMILIES. 91 
 
 both died in iiovtheni N(?w York. Samuel married, and 
 lived and died here, leaving a large family. His son still 
 oecnpies the homestead. One of the grandsons is a 
 physician in Vermont, and proves to be an honor to the 
 name. A daughter of Moses became the wife of John 
 Shannon, who was a mail carrier, and who brouglit the 
 first mail into Barnstead. Afterwards the same mail came 
 constantly freighted wnth that celebrated journal, "The 
 New^ Hampshire Patriot," which has ever worked wonders 
 in shaping the politics of Barnstead, and of the state. 
 For many years its editor was Isaac Hill. Moses Rand 
 was a good citizen. Dr. IMark Walker of North Barn- 
 stead is a descendant in the fourth generation, and is 
 a worth}^ member of his profession. 
 
 The Rands are descendants from Francis Rand of Pis- 
 cataqua — 1G23. 
 
 William Loud, in 1780, settled on Lord's Hill near 
 the Parade. This settler was noted for his devotional 
 piety ; although the long words which he brought into 
 action at religions gatherings were not veiy instructive 
 nor entertaining, yet " Uncle Lord," (as they called liim,) 
 was alwa_ys respected. He lived the life of an honest 
 man, and died the death of a Christian, aged 85 years. 
 
 Lemuel Hates, the son of Paul Hayes of Barrington, 
 w^as born in 1777. In 1800 he married Abigail Bennett, 
 daughter of John Bennett, Esq., and settled in Barnstead, 
 a farmer. His was a fine location of rolling wood-land in 
 the north-east corner of the town, near the Alton line. 
 This farm proved to be one of the best, and for many 
 years Mr. Ha^'es cultivated it with success. He lived 
 
92 HISTORY OF BARXSTEAD. 1863 
 
 here to see bis large family of seven sons and two 
 daughters reared to full age, and trained for the active 
 and useful duties and business of life. 
 
 Late years, this farm lias been owned by the town, 
 who have made it a residence for the unfortunate poor ; 
 and from 3'ear to 3'ear, as they become objects of pul)lic 
 charity, they are left here, most of them in their last 
 days, to enjoy as well as they may, the sweets of an 
 agreeable, pleasant home. 
 
 The sons of Lemuel ILxyes, still living, are George 
 W., in Dover, N. H. ; Stephen in Worcester, Mass ; 
 Jesse, in Ilolston ; Alvin, in Cambridgeport ; and 
 Joseph R. Hayes, in Lowell, Massachusetts. 
 
 Dr. J. R. ILayes settled in that city about 25 years 
 ago — has had a successful business — constantly keep- 
 ing a large store of medicines, and, becoming wealthy 
 and influential, has accomplished much good in his day 
 and generation. 
 
 His wife was Miss Leah D. Hayes, daughter of Paul 
 Hayes, Esq., of Alton, N. H. 
 
 It was by the friendly aid and encouragement of Dr. 
 Hayes that the editor of this historical work was at ftrst 
 induced to undertake the arduous but agreeable task of 
 its revision and publication. 
 
 Eliphalet Notter, Esquire, was a son of Major John 
 Nutter. He lived in the southeast section, was an owner 
 of real estate to a large amount. In 1807 he married 
 Lovey Locke, a daughter of James Locke, a first settler, 
 (she had seen the bears in this then wilderness,) with 
 whom he lived many years, and then dying left several 
 children. He was active in business. He was a justice 
 
^.Jta^^ 
 
18G3 FIRST FAMILIES. ' 93 
 
 — tried causes as such, was an overseer of the poor, was 
 often a selectman, and moderator in town meeting. In 
 his time he was the principal trial justice at Barnstead, 
 and to him the people applied to obtain a redress of their 
 small grievances which were comprised within his immedi- 
 ate jurisdiction. He built a saw-mill near his house, and 
 furnished much lumber to the inhabitants ; — was pious, 
 social, pleasant, and full of merriment. lie died full of 
 years, much lamented, leaving a large family. 
 
 His son follows in the foot-steps of his honored father, 
 still occupying the old homestead. 
 
 Another son, E. S. Nutter, Esquire, (b. Nov. 26, 1819) 
 was for many years in a successful trade at Barnstead. 
 Was postmaster here under two administrations. In 
 1855 he removed to Concord, N. H. ; has since been en- 
 gaged in a lucrative business at home and abroad, and 
 of late has retired on the fruitful accumulations of his 
 industry. He is President of one of the New Hampshire 
 Railroads. His wife was Miss vSylvania M. Blanch ard 
 of Lowell, Mass. 
 
 Their only daughter, Ada R., an accomplished young 
 lady, died at the age of 17, much beloved. 
 
 Mr. Nutter is one of the men who have favored a pub- 
 lication of the History of Barnstead. 
 
 CHARLES IIODGDON, ESQ. 
 
 He was the son of Chides Hodgdon, senior, who was 
 an early settler, and a deacon of the church. 
 
 Charles, junior, w^as its representative in the New 
 Hampshire legislature not less than nineteen years. He 
 was an active justice of the peace, was constant at church 
 and liberal to the minister. He reared a large family, and 
 devoted much of the fruits of his industry to their educa- 
 
94 HISTORV OF BARNSTEAD. 1863 
 
 tion. He prospered, had faithful servants, built liis house 
 large, and his many barns were well filled with hay and 
 stock. His fine horses and carriag'es were ever ready at 
 his call ; and few were the travellers who passed that way 
 without greeting him. 
 
 A clergyman, the Rev. J. G. Adams, of Lowell, Mass., 
 who, when young, made a visit to this, his honored uncle, 
 has favored ns with the following communication : 
 
 A VISIT AT IIODG don's FORTY YEARS AGO. 
 
 " I have quite a vivid remembrance of my first visit 
 to Barnstead, in iny boyhood. I had never before been 
 so far awa}^ from my native seaport town (Portsmouth), 
 into the country. And it was the country, real!}', to me ; 
 and country life did I there realize in all its positiveness 
 and exuberance. M3' home for tlie most of the time 
 during m}^ visit was at my uncle's, Charles Hodgdou, Esq. 
 His house was of ample dimensions, and answered the 
 threefold uses of home, law-office, and hotel. Such a 
 kitchen as I was ushered into in the earlj^ evening, after 
 a sleighride of long hours from Portsmouth, I had not 
 seen before. That crackling fire in the immense chimney 
 place, where a little less than a foot of long wood was 
 ablaze ; the big table on the opposite side of the room, 
 with its large circular leaf turned back, and its under 
 frame answering for a chair r the sturdy cook, Betsy 
 Meader, with her glowing face, preparing supper before 
 that fiery glare where the oak and maple were consum- 
 ing ; the hearty welcome of cousins and other friends, all 
 new faces to me ; the equall}^ welcome supper of substan- 
 tial ham and sweet brown bread, and what a waggish son 
 
1863 FIRST FAMILIES. 95 
 
 of the Granite State once called the treat of all other 
 treats — doughnuts and apple sauce ; and the cheerful 
 chatting of the family and neighbors and friends, and the 
 singing of some of the olden tunes by the musical mem- 
 bers of that household band ; these realities are almost 
 as freshly in mind now as when more than forty 3'ears 
 ago they were first and indelibly written into 1113^ memory. 
 
 My uncle Charles was a man of much mental vigor, 
 although his bodily powers were affected by a palsied trem- 
 ulousness which followed him through most of his life. 
 He had good business talents, a generous heart and a 
 strong will. He was "justice of the peace and quorum," 
 stoi-e-keeper, settler of estates, and adviser in general to 
 all who sought counsel of him. His wife, my father's 
 sister, was one of the worthiest of women, a frugal house- 
 wife, a devoted mother, and a faithful and trusting Christ- 
 ian. The family were all singers, and the children, older 
 and 3-ounger, made one of the most musical of choirs. I 
 first heard them sing " Luton " together, around that 
 large fire-place, — Charles, Mary, Elizabeth and Nancy, 
 each taking a part ; and they sang it with a will and a 
 richness that I have never _yet heard, that is, just as it 
 sounded to me then. " Luton " since has always been a 
 favorite tune with me. 
 
 The store of my uncle was a mixed one of dry and 
 " West India goods and groceries." As was usual then in 
 country stores, some of the staple articles in the West Li- 
 dia goods line were sugars, molasses, salt fish, and Santa 
 Cruz. New England, or " White Eye," was the democrat- 
 ic, Santa Cruz the aristocratic, beverage ; although in not 
 a few instances they became strangely intermixed. 
 Cider, my uncle used to say, was a " puncher." That 
 
9G HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1863 
 
 would be often sought in the house, after the stronger 
 potation had been furnished at the store. It is a matter 
 for congratulation that the Granite State has somewhat 
 more light in reference to th ese drinking usages now than 
 it had forty j-ears ago ; and still there is need of an in- 
 crease of it. 
 
 Law cnses were attended to at ray uncle's, and I 
 remember meeting there often, my uncle's brother, Ben- 
 jamin, of the "Parade," as a writer and reader of depo- 
 sitions. Of plaintiffs, defendants, and witnesses, there 
 comes up before me some rather comical reminiscences, 
 but the groupings are a little too nebulous for me to 
 bring out distinctly with the pen. 
 
 I have spoken of my uncle's home as a kind of hotel. 
 That is, he usually kept open house for such travelling 
 people as were on their way to and from the lower towns 
 in the winter season, and who would rather tarry with him 
 than at the tavern houses, some miles below or above 
 him. As his accommodations, house and stable were 
 ample, and his hired and other help an efficient force, 
 always, he was in readiness for such applicants as might 
 occasionally present themselves. 
 
 It was during my visit here that I had a most agreea- 
 ble experience in the district school, then taught by Rev. 
 Enos George. The old school-house was well ventilated, 
 with artificial if not artistic openings, and the room, in those 
 cold winter days, was always warmest just before we were 
 in readiness to leave it. But we had good times there. 
 Our " spelling bees " and exercises in grammar were 
 specially enjoyable, and our worthy " village master," the 
 town's minister, although careful in the maintenance of 
 
1863 FIRST FAMILIES. 97 
 
 his authority, was one of the most considerate of teach- 
 ers. Blessings on his memory ! 
 
 Such are some of the recollections of ni}' first visit to 
 Barnstead. But what changes have been wrought there 
 in those forty years now gone ! 
 
 JOHN PITMAN. 
 
 He was born in Lee, N. H., May 7. 1732, and in 
 March, 17<S!), settled in Barnstead, as did also his brother 
 Samuel. His lands were in the east part of Barnstead, 
 where no clearing had been previously made, and no 
 pul)lic road had been opened in that neighborhood. He 
 commenced by cultivating one acre at a time. 
 
 The bears and wolves troubled his flocks and planta- 
 tions. Mau}^ difficulties he had to contend with. Yet 
 bj' industry and frugality he overcame all obstacles. He 
 was a man of stern integrity ; accordingly he trained his 
 children to be faithful to their calling, honest in their 
 dealings, and charitable to the afflicted. 
 
 May 7, 1832, on his hundredth birthday, Mr. Pitman 
 still enjoyed good health. On that day, he sent for his 
 clei'gyman. Rev. Enos George, who baptized him, and 
 they i)artook of the Lord's supper together. It seemed 
 to the old man like the beginning of a new life. 
 
 About that time he procured a set of teeth, white, 
 strong and fashionable, which was in truth a wonder in 
 the neighborhood, and he began to look young again. 
 
 He lived to the age of 101 years, 9 months, and 21 
 daj's — died Feb. 28, 1834, and was buried in the field 
 where a plain stone bears record of his name and age. 
 
 His wife, Susannah, died March 6, 1835, aged 95 
 
 13 
 
98 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 18G3 
 
 years. His sons, to the fourth generation, still occupy 
 the homestead. 
 
 Sarah Leighton, the centre of seven generations, still 
 resides in Barnstead. She has lived to see them all, as 
 follows : Hannah Small, the wife of Edward Small^ aged 
 100 years ; Sarah Small, wife of Samuel Pitman ; 
 Elizabeth Pitman, wife of Benjamin WinkleA' ; Sarah 
 Winkley, wife of James Leighton ; Varnum H. Leigh- 
 ton, the son of James Leighton ; Charles H. Leighton, the 
 son of Varnum H. Leighton, and Frank AV. Leighton, 
 aged 6 years, of the 7th generation, son of Charles H. 
 Leighton. 
 
 She has had two grandfathers, two uncles, one brother, 
 and twelve cousins, all by the name of Samuel. This 
 lady is now in her seventy-flfth year. 
 
 Ebenezer Nutter was from Newington ; born Dec. 
 10, 1756. His wife was Temperance Colebath of Ports- 
 mouth. In 1783 they came from Newington on horseback, 
 with a child in their arms, and plodded their way to North 
 Barnstead, guided by spotted trees. Their log-cabin was 
 four miles from their nearest neighbor ; but it was a 
 pleasant elevation of land, commanding a pleasant view 
 of the surrounding country. 
 
 Mr. Nutter had been a soldier in the Revolution, and 
 was a pensioner. 
 
 The first grass seen on his farm was from a turf brought 
 home by Mrs. Nutter Irom her nearest neighbor. 
 
 Mr. Nutter was an honest, upright man, and filled 
 the office of deacon more than fifty years. He had eleven 
 children : seven sons, and four daughters. 
 
1863 FIRST FAMILIES. 99 
 
 Tlie first cleat li was that of his eldest daughter, aged 
 nineteen. She had anticipated it, and had expressed a 
 desire to be buried beneath lier favorite birch tree. The 
 same tree is now standing. It still remains, true to cast 
 its summer shade, and to scatter its autumn leaves upon 
 the ashes of that dear one who had seemed to seek and to 
 implore its genial presence more than sixty years ago. 
 
 That tree is now nine feet in circumference, and is the 
 only one of the ■•' old growth " now remaining upon the 
 old homestead. 
 
 Deacon Nutter had resided here seventy years ; had 
 lived to see how the generations come and go. At the 
 age of ninety he rested from liis labors. 
 
 The third and fourth generations still live there. 
 
 Solomon Pendergast, as a deacon, was the successor 
 of Deacon Nutter. He resided at the north part of Barn- 
 stead, and officiated in that office for many years. He 
 delighted in hunting, and was sometimes successful in 
 catcliing bears. He lived to the age of seventy-five years 
 and bid farew^ell to earth and all its scenes, seeking a rest 
 in that as yet undiscovered haven best known to that God 
 whom he served. He left a family of sons, upon one of 
 whom the mantle of tlie hoi}' order still rests. 
 
 Deacon John Pendergast, the son, is still a resident 
 here. 
 
 William Kelley, an Irish tailor, came here in 1814. 
 On his passage to this country he was wrecked on the 
 shore of the Bay of Fundy, and after being a wanderer 
 for some months in Maine, he found his way to Barn- 
 stead, where, from house to house, he became useful to 
 
100 HISTORV OF BARXSTEAD. 
 
 1863 
 
 its inhabitants in his vocation as a tailor. He was the 
 only Irishman who had resided there up to that time, 
 lie entertained a favorable idea of his own country men 
 as tailors, but could not endure the rude fashions of the 
 Yankees, and insisted that in Ireland no Yankee would 
 be permitted even to heat the goose of a tailor. Kellej^ 
 was a o'ood workman. lie died here. 
 
 Having given a brief account of the first settlers of 
 Barnstead so ftir as our tradition traces them, we now 
 return to the circumstances of its being chartered. 
 
 The town at that period was laid out six miles square. 
 There were no settlements eastward nor towards the 
 great lake. The forest was dense, and it was with con- 
 siderable difficulty that the pioneers, when absent from 
 home, found their way back to their cabins. 
 
 Their foot-ways and their bridle-paths in the wilder- 
 ness were indicated by spotted trees ; yet in the dark- 
 ness of night these guide-posts became of little use. 
 
 The great lake, Winnipesaugee, was only six miles 
 north, but very little was then known of it. It had been 
 explored only by the land-sui-veyors, who had represented 
 it as abounding with fish, surrounded with a spacious 
 forest fruitful in game. 
 
 The Indians built their camp-fires there, having been 
 driven forth from their more southern hunting-grounds, 
 and about the lakeshore they seemed more secluded and 
 more at peace. 
 
 The cariboo, the otter, the beaver and fox, as well as 
 
1SG3 PONDS AND STREAMS. 101 
 
 the more ferocious beur, had often bit the dust here, 
 smitten by the stealthy arrow of tlie red man. 
 
 Standing upon that beautiful lakeshore, we can but 
 depict those sturdy sons of the forest ; those tall, copper- 
 faced, beardless natives of the new world, erect in man- 
 liness, and dressed in the gaudy plumage of variegated 
 birds, and in the furs of wild beasts, while they breathed 
 the pure air from the gentle ripple that laves the shore, 
 or joined in the giddy dance, or sought the game that 
 gathered there. 
 
 This to him was indeed a happy shore ; it had been 
 the home of his fathers. As if bequeathed to his ances- 
 tors by the Great Spirit, it had come down to them and 
 to him, from the beginning of the world, through count- 
 less generations. 
 
 This dense, wide spread forest was sacred to him ; no 
 wonder then, that by his own right arm, in many a mur- 
 derous conflict, it was sought to be defended. 
 
 S T R E A ]M S 
 
 The rivers take their rise from the ponds in tlie north. 
 There are several of them, rolling their crystal waters 
 over pebbly foundations ; they meander through our six 
 miles square of territory, affording considerable power 
 for saw and grain mills, as well as for manufacturing 
 purposes. 
 
 Within these six miles there are no less than eight 
 ponds, all of which afford a good supply of fish, yet the 
 
102 HISTORY OF BARXSTEAl). 1803 
 
 finny tribes, as well as the game of tlie forests, are greatly 
 diminished by the lapse of years and the uiareh of civil- 
 ization. 
 
 FISHING AND HUNTING GROUNDS. 
 
 The Snncook river, which passes through the town 
 at its centre, is the grand channel which receives 
 and bears away its tributaries, and the bright waters 
 which descend directly from the ponds heretofore named. 
 In this stream, as well as in the ponds, are the pickerel, 
 speckled trout, and perch, which for richness of flavor, 
 nothing of the finny tribe is more excellent. 
 
 The early hunters found in the forests here, the black 
 bear in great numbers, the wolf, the deer, the wild cat, 
 the fox, the otter and beaver ; these were valuable for 
 their skins, and were taken in large numbers. 
 
 The beaver had his house and his dam ; his dams 
 were built with so much sagacit}'^ and strength, that many 
 of them remain almost entire to this day, and we are told 
 that now and then a solitary beaver is seen wandering 
 near, as if to visit once again his ancient homestead, long 
 lost and now going to decay. 
 
 THE FIRST RECORDS. 
 
 Up to the year 1772, the registrj^ of all the sales of 
 rertl estate in New Hampshire was made in Rockingham 
 
l''^63 PROVINCE ROAD. 103 
 
 County ; it was kept at Exeter. After that year the 
 records were removed and kept at Dover, in tlie County 
 of Strafford. (In the appendix is a copy of one of the 
 original deeds, marked c.) 
 
 PROVINCE ROAD. 
 
 In the 3'ear 1770 this road was ordered to be built b}^ 
 the General Court. It was intended as a great thorougli- 
 fare from Portsmouth to Canada ; and passed through the 
 town on or near the range of the first tier of lots. The 
 land at that time being all, or nearly all, in the hands of 
 the proprietors, a road tax was assessed upon each owner. 
 
 This outlay, although it would work a great conven- 
 ience to actual settlers, proved burdensome, and many 
 surrendered their rights to the land rather than i)ay the 
 tax thus imposed upoii them. 
 
 Thereupon man}' of the lots were sold by the oflicei-s 
 of the Crown ; the sales being made at Dover, Newingtou 
 and Portsmouth. 
 
 The road was made under a contract Avith the propri- 
 etors by Jonathan Chesley, who after finishing the road, 
 removed to Barnstead. His homestead was about a mile 
 east of the centre. His daughter, Sophia, afterwards 
 became the wife of Rev. Elnos George. 
 
 Previous to the building of this road, the inhabitants 
 had great labor and inconvenience in obtaining their 
 provisions thus far into the woods. Their nearest ])laces 
 
104 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1863 
 
 of supply were Dover and Diirliani, the way being traced 
 by spotted trees, throngb a rough hilly wilderness, and 
 over nnbridged streams, bearing the burden on foot or on 
 horseback. 
 
 The road when finished, as of course would tend to 
 increase the number of settlers, and at the same time 
 would give much strength and encouragement to the 
 original land holders still then residing in Barnstead. 
 
 TROUBLE WITH THE ENGLISH GOVERNMENT. 
 
 Soon after the treaty of peace with Erance, the colo- 
 nists were greatly irritated by an attempt of the English 
 Parliament to increase their revenues by an increase of 
 taxation upon the colonies. 
 
 To this end, an act had been })assed laying a duty on 
 all paper, vellum, or parchment used in America, and 
 declaring all writings on unstamped paper materials to 
 be null anil void. 
 
 This was called the Stamp Act, and received the ro3\al 
 assent to it March 22, 1765. 
 
 When the news of this act reached here, the people 
 everywhere manifested alarm, and a determination to 
 resist its execution. 
 
 The assembly of Virginia at once and decisivel}' 
 declared its opposition to the Act b}^ spirited resolutions. 
 Massachusetts also protested against the Stamp Act, and 
 took the lead at this important crisis. In Boston such 
 
1863 WAR WITH ENGLAND. 105 
 
 was the indignation against the measure, that houses, in 
 some instances, were demolished over the heads of such 
 tis favored the measure. And as if to render the opposi- 
 tion complete, the Boston merchants met and resolved 
 never to import any more goods from Great Britain, 
 during the existence of the Stamp Act. 
 
 Deputies from nine of the colonies met, agreed on a 
 declaration of rights, and sent a petition to the King, and 
 a memorial to both Houses of Parliament, in which their 
 opposition to such a law was fully set forth. 
 
 In Parliament, Mr. Pitt was eloquent against such 
 oppression; fiually, on the 18th of March, 17G(3, the 
 Stamp Act was repealed. 
 
 Still the British Ministry would not abandon their 
 design of increasing their revenue by extraordinary tax- 
 ation in America. 
 
 In 1767 an act was passed by Parliament imposing 
 duties on glass, painters' colors, and on cotfee and tea 
 imported to the colonies. These duties were small in 
 themselves, yet the principle on which they were imposed 
 was olfensive. 
 
 From this, another association was formed for sus- 
 pending the importation of all goods ou which duties 
 were charged. 
 
 This opposition, supported by petitions and remon- 
 strances, procured the abolition of all duties except three 
 pence on every pound of tea ; but the colonists still re- 
 sisted. 
 
 The British Government finding mild efforts unavailing 
 in sustaining such laws, sent to Boston four regiments of 
 troops to be stationed there to enforce them. 
 
106 HISTORY OF BAKNSTEAU. 18(53 
 
 Early in 1774 Parliament ordered the refractory col- 
 onists to be pnnislied, and appointed General Gage to 
 take charge of tlie troops of Boston and execnte its 
 mandates. It ordered the port of Boston to be closed 
 from all commerce, and thns all intercourse with the town 
 by water was suspended. 
 
 The colonial government, tlie public records, and 
 offices were removed to Salem. 
 
 All this could but serve to irritate the American 
 people. 
 
 In May, 1774, General Gage arrived in Boston, com- 
 missioned as Governor of Massachusetts and Commander 
 in Chief of the British forces. He notified the assembly 
 to meet him in convention at Salem, but on fin'ther reflec- 
 tion countermanded the summons. 
 
 The counter order, however, being deemed illegal, 
 the meeting was held in the Governor's absence. They 
 then and there organized themselves into a Provincial 
 Congress, formed a plan of defence, appointed general 
 officers, and adopted measures to collect supplies and 
 military stores, at Concord and Worcester. 
 
 This Massachusetts assembly, after a short adjourn- 
 ment, again met, and voted to raise twelve thousand 
 soldiers, and sent agents to tlie neighboring colonies 
 soliciting their co-operation. 
 
 Thereupon the neighboring colonies sent their commit- 
 tees, and agreed witli the assembly on a i)lan of opera- 
 tions. 
 
 At about the same time, on April 19, 1775, the British 
 army opened the war of the Re^'olution, b}' taking a 
 march from their encampment in Boston to Lexington 
 
ISfi;^ WAR WITH ENGLA^'D. 107 
 
 and Concord, with the intent to take or desti-oy military 
 supplies. 
 
 The battle at Bunker's Hill, on the 17th of June, then 
 next followed. The American or rebel army (so called) 
 was stationed at Cambridge. All were ou the alert at the 
 common cry of war. The farmer, the fisherman, and men 
 of every grade and occupation, repaired to Cambridge 
 with whatever of weapons they had, until the}- became an 
 army numbering fourteen thousand men. 
 
 On the •2nd of July, 1775, General fxeorge Washing- 
 ton appeared at Cambridge and took command. He 
 I'ound the troops, many of them without equipments and 
 pooi'ly clad ; yet they were filled with the blood of 
 patriots, and were alive to obey his orders. Within 
 thiee miles, at Boston, were the British army, then 
 numbering twent}' thousand well trained troops. 
 
 The pay allowed to his army was one shilling per day 
 to each man. The dress was brown osnaburgs, something 
 like a shirt, double-caped over the shoulder, in imitation 
 of an Indian garb, and bearing upon the breast of it, in 
 distinct letters, '' Liberty or Death." 
 
 Thus commenced the war of the Revolution, to which 
 Barnstead contributed its just share, thereby encouraging 
 the colonies to become free and independent. It is 
 worthy of remembrance that, when by order of Congress, 
 the Test List was taken, there was no one found in 
 Barnstead who would not, " at the risk of his life and 
 fortune, oppose the hostile proceedings of the British 
 fleets and armies." (See Test List, appendix d.) 
 
 Soon after tlie commencement of the war of the Rev- 
 olution a new arrangement in its affairs was established 
 in Barnstead. The town chose its own officers, collected 
 
108 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 
 
 ]8()3 
 
 its own taxes, :iik1 the proprietors were at once relieved 
 from duties which iiad i)revioiisly devolved upon them. 
 
 R i<: C () R D s 
 
 The following is the copy of a deed in 1 777. conveying 
 lot nnniber .')3, for non-payment of taxes from Hatevil 
 Nntter, junior, to the purchaser. Benjamin Nutter: 
 
 "Town Collector, Stephen Pickering, of Barnstead. in the 
 County of Stratford and State of New Hampshire, yeoman, 
 Collector of Town, Comity and State Tax for the Town. 1777, 
 and in consideration of thirty-six shilliusis lawful money paid by 
 Benjamin Nutter of Barnstead, aforesaid gentleman, he being 
 the lowest bidder at the public vendue sale, according to the 
 terms of the vendue for the sale of lands : We confirm unto 
 him and his heirs, in the third range of lots, number 33, being 
 part of a one hundred acre lot originally, in the right of Hatevil 
 Nutter, junior. 
 
 John Taskeu, 
 
 Justice of the Peace. 
 Witness: Wintukop Smart, 
 John Tasker. 
 
 MASON TITLE. 
 
 About this time, and previously, there had been a 
 great embarrassment to the settlers, in consequence of a 
 claim set up against their titles by the Mason heirs. This 
 claim was transferred to persons in Portsmouth, alleging 
 it to have come through the agency, or in behalf of the 
 
1S63 TOWN RECORDS. 109 
 
 British Govenmieiil. It covered all the hinds in Barn- 
 stead, and settlers began to fear the loss of all their 
 titles, which had been earned through much toil, and 
 purchased in good faith many years previously. 
 
 This claim extended back to 1G21, and purported to 
 be from the Plyniouth company. At the death of Mason 
 it fell to his son, John Tafton Mason, and then to his 
 daughter Jane. 
 
 In 17.')8 this claim had been t)'ansferred to Theodore 
 Atkinson, Hunking Wentworth, and others of Portsmouth. 
 At this time, settlers by paying a small fee, became 
 released from the long and wearisome vexation of this 
 claim. 
 
 This John I^. INIason was from Hami)shire C(niuty, 
 England, and from this Count}* New Hampshire took its 
 name. 
 
 FIRST TOWN MKETINc;. 
 
 Of record, it a])pears that on November 22, 1775, the 
 voters were called together f(M- the choice of State and 
 County officers. This appears to have been the first meet- 
 ing for such a purpose ; it was called in comiection with 
 the voters of the inhabitants of Oilman ton, and was 
 holden at the house of William Parsons, junior. At this 
 meeting Joseph Badger was unanimously elected to the 
 office of an assembly man, (representative,) to attend at 
 the meeting of the Legislature in December of that year, 
 at Exeter. Votes also were cast for a Councillor for 
 the County. At the assembly M. Weare of Hampton 
 Falls, presided, a plan of Government was adopted, and 
 a resolution was passed, recommending a continuation of 
 the war. 
 
110 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAl). 1803 
 
 The more immediate action of Barnstead in the war 
 of the Revolution is of record. 
 
 From this it appears that in the 3'eai- 1775 the popuhi- 
 tion of the Town was 252 : males under IG years, 82 ; 
 from 16 to 50, 53 ; over 50, 4 ; females, 111 ; in the arm}^ 
 2 ; fire arms, 2.S ; wanting, 25 ; powder, none. It seems 
 that this first census was taken by order of the Conven- 
 tion, to ascertain the numl)er which would l)e held to bear 
 arms in defence of the colonies. 
 
 At a town meeting held April 26. 1775, 
 
 ^^ Voted, Captain Ricluird Siucliiir, 1 £, lis. Gel lawful 
 money, for his and the men's exrpenses in going down below for 
 the defence of onr country.'" 
 
 '■'• August 22, 177G, the town " voted to pay four men 
 
 fort}'-eight shillings each for a bounty to go to Crown 
 
 Point. 
 
 ^^ Voted, .John Tasker and Samuel Pltiuaii a couniiittee 
 of safety." 
 
 At a meeting holden by the town in the same year, at 
 which John Bunker presided, 
 
 " Voted, Six hundred dollars to four men to serve at Crown 
 Point." 
 
 The town's proportion of corn for the army was 3885 
 pounds. 
 
 " Voted. December 12, 1776, $52 bounty for everj' man who 
 would go to Crown Point on the expedition the present year." 
 
 "June 17, nil, Voted. $600 to the men to serve at Crown 
 Point." 
 
 " Voted, That all the money paid by tlie sundrj^ persons for 
 the one and three year's men should be paid by the towu." 
 
1863 TOWN RECORDS. Ill 
 
 " 1778, FotoZ, Richard Ciuclair and Benjamin Nutter be a 
 committee to hire soldiers at the best rate they can, as tliey may 
 be sent for tlie present year, to go into tlie service. 
 
 " Vcitcd, That Joliu Elliott should gather the corn we are to 
 furnish tlie army, and that he shall have four bushels for every 
 one hundred he raises. 
 
 " Voted, To pay Kichard Ciuclair two hundred dollars for 
 letting out Stephen Hood to the service." 
 
 '' 17HI, Voted, That we will raise men to go into the army 
 according to their worth and wealth. 
 
 " Voted. That silver money be paid to one three year's num 
 and no more." 
 
 Some of the soldiers above referred to belonged ir. 
 Banistead ; others were hired from other places. 
 
 The products of the land were plenty ; corn was 
 abundant, but gold and silver were exceedingly scarce. 
 Paper money issued by the new Government began to 
 depreciate and became valueless. This continental money 
 (as it was called) was flooding the town, but could not be 
 passed ofl' to any good purpose, and many lost by it. 
 
 This long and tedious war of seven years at length 
 came to an end, and great was the rejoicing of the people. 
 
 Taxes had been, and still continued to be, burdensome ; 
 but these were nothing in the sight of an independent, 
 energetic community. 
 
 TOWN HKCORDS. 
 
 The records of Barnstead have generally been kept 
 with neatness and safety ; yet a part of them of late have 
 been mislaid, perhaps lost. The volume commencing in 
 1774, eight years subsequent to the first settlement, is, 
 however, well preserved and in good, condition. 
 
112 HISTORY OF UARNSTEAD. 18G3 
 
 It may be of interest herein to make a few more 
 extracts, as indicating the action of former da3s. 
 
 TOWN ROADS. 
 
 " March 29, 1774. At a Meeting of the Town, at the House 
 of Benja. Nutter, — 
 
 " Voted, Beujamin Nutter, Moderator. 
 
 " Pittsflekl Road laid out from near Suncook hridge on the 
 Province Road, on the south side of the road near the river, as 
 the trees are now spotted through the land. 
 
 " Voted, For a mill privilege, land by way of spotted 
 trees thi'ough Dodovah Bunker's land, by his liouse on the hill. 
 Said road to be three rods wide. Dated this fourteenth year of 
 his Majesty's reign. 
 
 John Tasker, j) 
 
 BEX.r.vMiN NuTTKR, > Selectmen." 
 
 Thomas Edgki:ly. ) 
 
 "Province oe New Hampshire, Strafeord ss. 
 
 By appointment unto us, the subscribers, by the Freeholders 
 of Barnstead, to lay out a road, in consideration of said appli- 
 cation, at tlie westerly end of Barnstead, we have laid out said 
 road. Beginning at the Province road, so called, at the south- 
 easterly side of Jethro Bachelder's, and Capt. Richard Cinclair's, 
 running north-east between said Bachelder's land and Capt. 
 Richard Cinclair's land to the Range ; thence south-easterly as 
 the Range road was left ; then as far as John Mudget's, three 
 rods wide, and mailing exchange with Capt. Richard Cinclair, 
 allowing said Cinclair one rod of the land left for said road by 
 the Proprietors, as fiir as his land extends. 
 
 And we liave laid out said Road, ye 29tli day of September, 
 in the year of Her Majesty's Reign, Anno Domini, 1774. 
 
 John Tasker, ^ 
 
 Benjamin Nutter, > Selectmen." 
 
 Thomas Edgerly. ) 
 
18C3 TOWN RECORDS. 113 
 
 '■ Town Meeting holdeu at Benja. Nutter'.s House, April 111. 
 177-i, By a number of Inhabitants,— 
 
 " Voted, One liuudred dollars to repair roads this j-ear. 
 
 " Voted, Twenty dollars for necessaries. 
 
 " Voted, Capt. Samuel Pitman six per cent, for what money 
 he collected, for his pains for gathering. 
 
 " Vrjted Six shillings for each of the selectmen, for making 
 rates and settling accounts. 
 
 '• Voted, Assessors twenty-five cents each. 
 
 " Voted, Three shillings for laborer at road making." 
 
 "Barnstead, Dec. 30, 177-1. Notice is hereby given to j'e 
 inhabitants of ye town of Barnstead, that a meeting is to be 
 held at Benjamin Nutter's, on Monday, ye Kith day of January, 
 at 10 o'clock, A. M., for ye purpose as followeth : — 
 
 " First, to choose a modei-ator; 2nd, to choose a Deputy 
 Committee to meet the Committee at Exeter, to choose a man 
 to go to Philadelphia. 
 
 John Tasker, 
 Bi:x.ja:\iin Nutter." 
 
 "Agreeable to the above Call a meeting Avas held at the 
 House of Benjamin Nutter, on ye 16th day of January, 1775. 
 
 " Voted, to send no man as a committee to yonr Exeter 
 comite. 
 
 " Meeting dissolved." 
 
 ^'■Amount of money raised in 1774, .... 11£ 13s 4d 
 The following amounts were appropriated and paid .- 
 
 To County Treasurer 3£ 4s 7d . 
 
 Province Tax, 1£ 12s Od 
 
 Selectmen, laying oiit roads, . . . . 0£ 18s Od 
 Carrying down John Nutter to Newing- 
 
 ton, 0£ Gs Od 
 
 Paid for Town book, 0£ 4s Od 
 
 15 • 
 
114 HISTORY OF liARXSTEAU. 
 
 1863 
 
 Paid Assessors, 0£ Is (k\ 
 
 Paid Esquire Thompson, for notification 
 for calling meeting for al)atenient of 
 Hats 0£ 7s Id" 
 
 " Barnstead. April 20, 1775. At a Town Meeting liolden 
 this day at the House of Benjamin Nutter,— 
 
 ''Voted, The selectmen four shillings a day for laying out 
 highways. 
 
 " Voted, That no money should be raised for the defence 
 of our country." 
 
 ••Town meeting, March 28, 177.5. At a Town meeting 
 holden on this day, — 
 
 " Richard Cinclair was voted Moderator. 
 
 " Benjamin Nutter. Town Clerk. 
 
 '•Capt. Richard Cinclair, Winthrop Smart, Benjamin Nut- 
 ter, Selectmen. 
 
 " Thomas Edgerly, Constable. 
 
 "Jonathan Emerson, John Bunker, Samuel I*itman, Assess- 
 ors. 
 
 "Joseph Bunker, Simeon Hatch, Francis Blake, John Tas- 
 ker, Highway-men. 
 
 " Dodovah Bunker, John Hawkins, Tything-men, Hogreaves 
 and Fence-viewers." 
 
 In 177(3 John Bunker petitioned to have !i, bridge built 
 over the Branch river near his mill. 
 The town voted not to build it. 
 
 "August 22, 1776, Voted, Winthrop Smart 12 s, Thomas 
 Edgerly 12 s, for constables. 
 
 " Voted, To build abridge over the mcetiug-house Branch." 
 
 The Siincook river, as known now, was at first called 
 ''•The Branch." Bunker's mill was built several years 
 
1863 TOWN RECORDS. 115 
 
 previous to the building of the above named bridge. The 
 mill was built on the north side of »the river ; its entrance 
 was from the ledge. 
 
 " 1777. The town voted that John Cinclair be recom- 
 mended as a suitable person to receive the commission of 
 Justice of the Peace." 
 
 ••' March 20, 1777, Voted, To pa_y five shillings per day 
 for labor on the highway. 
 
 " Voted, Not to raise any mone^' for schools." 
 
 "■ Annual town meeting holdeu at the house of Benja- 
 min Nutter, March, 1778. Benjamin Nutter was chosen 
 Moderator ; John Tasker, Clerk ; Benjamin Nutter, Win- 
 throp Smart and William Brown, Selectmen ; Samuel Ches- 
 ley, Constable ; John Tasker, Richard Cinclair, Assessors ; 
 Jonathan Elmerson. Stephen Pickering, Committee ; John 
 Bickford, Daniel Jacobs, T^'thingmen ; Jonathan Banker, 
 Thomas Swett, Hog-reaves." 
 
 1778. "May 18th, Voted, That John Bunker's grist 
 mill was not rated any more than was just and right. 
 
 " Voted, That in consideration of Peace, to a,bate 
 Bunker's mill two pounds eight shillings and three pence, 
 and make tender ol the same — and he refused. 
 
 '■'■ Voted, John Tasker to stand trial against John Bun- 
 ker for his mill -tax in behalf of the town." 
 
 1780. "The Selectmen sent John lilliott, Constable, 
 with a warrant to warn out Juda Jenness, who was with 
 child, for fear she would be a town charge, she and her 
 child to be lawfully warned out of Barnstead." 
 
116 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 
 
 18G3 
 
 At a meeting of the town bolden for the purpose of 
 considering John Elliott's vendue, the town voted to have 
 nothing to do with John f^lliott. 
 
 1783. The town voted 20£ lawful money for preach- 
 ing in the town. 
 
 " Voted, That John Tasker, Esq., and Charles Hodg- 
 don be a committee to agree with a man to preach." 
 
 1785. John Sullivan received 48 votes, and George 
 Atkinson 1 1 votes for President. 
 
 S O L D I E R S 
 
 IN THE OLD FRENCH WAR. 
 
 John Aikiu. He served in this war, and returned and 
 was left at rest on the Jacob Aikin farm. He had served, 
 also, in the Revolution. His age was a hundred years, 
 and upwards. 
 
 Col. Joseph Sinclair. He sleeps at his homestead, on 
 the farm of the late Elder Wilson. The grave is un- 
 marked. 
 
 Joseph Bunker is left to repose on the Deacon Bunker 
 Farm, "J. B." is there inscribed on a rude stone. 
 
 SOLDIERS OF THE REVOLUTION. 
 
 [Records from the tomb.] 
 
 Ebenezer Nutter, on the homestead in North Barn- 
 stead. Inscription on slate stone : " Deacon P^benezer 
 
18G3 SOLDIERS OF THE REVOLUTION. 117 
 
 Nutter, died April 18, LS-iO, aged 8G years, 8 months, 
 8 days." 
 
 John Clark rests in the Clark burying ground. In- 
 scription on eoniinon granite: "J. C, d. 1799." From 
 him the Clarks of Barnstead descended. 
 
 Major John Nutter is in the Parade grounds. In- 
 scription on slate stone : " John Nutter, b. May 1, 1757 : 
 died Nov. 8, 1840, aged 83 years, 8 months. 
 
 Jeremiah Jewett, in the old Parade lot. Inscription 
 on slate stone : '' In memory of Dr. Jeremiah Jewett, who 
 departed this life April 22, 1836." 
 
 Anthony Nutter, on N. Langley farm. Grave not 
 marked nor enclosed. 
 
 Joseph Place, on Captain Chesley's homestead. His 
 grave is unmarked and unenclosed. He served on the 
 land and on the sea. His wife, Anna C, died in 1871, 
 aged 102 years. John, his only son, served in the war 
 of 1812, and rests in the same ground. John's three sons 
 served against the rebellion ; one of them was lost. 
 
 Valentine Chapman rests at Centre Barnstead. His 
 grave has no monument. 
 
 Joseph Tasker is buried in the lot opposite the Union 
 Meeting House. Inscription : " In memory of Joseph 
 Tasker, esq., died July 5, 1833, aged 77 years, 8 months." 
 He proved himself a good soldier, a friend to the Gospel 
 and the poor. At the last he rested in peace. 
 
 William Nutter rests on the plains at the homestead. 
 Inscription on white marble: "William Nutter, Feb. 15, 
 1811, aged 55 j^ears." He served in the United States 
 Navy. 
 
118 HISTORY OF CARNSTEAD. 1863 
 
 Thomas \Ycleh. This veteran of Banistead, after the 
 close of the Rcvohitionary war, removed to Thornton, 
 occupying the John M. Young farm. He died there. 
 
 Peletiah Penny rests in the Eben Jones field, in 
 Snackerty. 
 
 Joseph Patterson Dame. He rests in a burying 
 ground opposite Master Kelley's pLace, on the Province 
 road, marked by rough granite, not inscribed. 
 
 James Davis, after serving in the Revolution, died in 
 the war of 1HV2. 
 
 Samuel Davis, a brother of James, rests in Clark- 
 town. The exact locality cannot be traced. 
 
 iLbenezer Adams rests at his homestead, on the 
 Province road. A granite stone marks the place, but 
 there is no inscription. 
 
 David Jacobs is in the old Tuttle burying ground, on 
 the William A. Pierce place. The grave is without marks. 
 
 Jonathan Young is somewhere on Beauty Hill. 
 
 Ephraim Tebbetts is buried by the North road. 
 
 Hatevil Nutter was left in the old Nutter burying 
 ground, on C. S. George's farm. 
 
 Capt. Jonathan Chesley reposes on his old homestead. 
 A rude stone is there, without an inscription. 
 
 Capt. John Drew remains in the grounds at his old 
 homestead, near the old Hodgdon tavern. There is no 
 inscription. 
 
 Thomas Brown, after the Revolution ended, removed 
 from Barnstead and fell asleep at Stratham. 
 
 William Lord. The stone at his grave is uninscribed. 
 It is at the homestead on the Province road. 
 
1863 SOLDIERS OF THE REVOLUTION. 119 
 
 Joseph Sanborn, on his I'eturn from the war, went from 
 the Province road to Maine, and is snpposed to have died 
 there. 
 
 Captain Joseph Kaime died at Somersworth, being 
 there on a visit, and remains there . 
 
 Samnel Eastman. His grave is withont marlc or 
 inscription. 
 
 Colonel Nathaniel Pease sleeps on the Moses Hodgdon 
 farm, without any stone to designate his resting place. 
 
 Robert Tebbets rests at his late homestead, near the 
 Province road. 
 
 Samnel Jenness lived near Lougee's pond. His grave 
 is there, but cannot be traced. 
 
 Ralph Hall lived on the Glidden farm. He died of 
 sickness or was killed in the war. 
 
 Joseph Huckins is in the Morrill bur3dng-ground, near 
 Seward's hill. 
 
 John Welch is on the Welch farm. There are no 
 grave stones. 
 
 Richard Sinclair left town about the year 1800. His 
 resting place is unknown. 
 
 Nathan Nutter was a brother of Ebenezer, lived at 
 Jethro Nutter's, died in prison at Halifax, Nova Scotia, 
 and remains there. 
 
 Eli Ham was last seen somewhere in Gilmanton. 
 
 John Pitman rests at the Pitman burying ground in 
 Snackerty. 
 
 Perry Ilixon is buried on Crockett's hill, at Locke's 
 corner. 
 
120 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1863 
 
 Wiuthrop Ayevs rests from bis labors at his horaestearl 
 in the Peacham neighborliood. 
 
 John Aiken reposes beneath the white oaks on Jacob 
 Aiken's farm. 
 
 Avery, who resided on tlie Tliomas P. Ilodg- 
 
 don farm, went, but never returned, from tlie war of the 
 Revohition. 
 
 William Hill is at rest on the homestead farm of Mr. 
 Jefferson Emerson. 
 
 Thomas Ayers served his country in this war, and now 
 reposes on the Crockett liill place, at Locke's corner. 
 
 James Harden served and returned, and was buried at 
 " the Centre." 
 
 Jonathan Emerson also returned, and rests on the 
 homestead of Mr. J. Emerson. 
 
 iSamuel Pitman also escaped the casualties of the 
 Revolution, and now reposes at the homestead of a friend 
 and relative, Samuel J. Pitman. 
 
 " They sleep their last sleep— they have fought their last* battle. 
 No foe shall awake them to glory again." 
 
 Note. — We are indebted to the researches of our 
 good friend, Mr. Samuel Winkley, through whose 
 instrumentality our heroes of the Revolution from 
 Barnstead have found a brief place in these annals, so 
 that the venerable dust of at least some of them may not 
 entirely vanish from the world, nor be forgotten \>y the 
 advancing generations that follow them. Thanks to Mr. 
 Winkley ; and thanks to our friend, Dr. J. Wheeler, who 
 transmitted the materials for this record. 
 
iff KS . 
 
 t ill! F s 
 
1863 WATER SUPPLY. 121 
 
 PONDS AND RIVERS. 
 
 Wlien the settlers first located their lots, the Indians 
 had left and gone northward, and the names which they 
 had given to ponds, lakes and rivers, were either lost or 
 discarded b}' the white man, as he seemed to have had 
 an antipathy to everything "• Indian." Yet the Suncook 
 was seen in its beanty coursing its way, winding through 
 a then dense forest of timber trees which covered the 
 level surface of the town, as it glided onward towards the 
 ocean. It still bears its original Indian name, Suncook, 
 Avhich in the Indian language is said to mean the same as 
 wild goose in English ; or, in its more extensive meaning, 
 " the place where the wild goose rested." 
 
 This river rises in Guilford, taking its waters from 
 Gunstock and Grey-lock mountains in (Tilmanton, and 
 conveying it through a valley until it reaches the pond ; 
 thence through a narrow channel into the second Suncook 
 pond ; thence passing along in its enlarged and l)eautiful 
 fl)rm, adorning the vales and feeding the mills of Barn- 
 stead. 
 
 The ponds, save the two Suncooks, all took English 
 names, to wit : " Half Moon," " Brindle," " Lougee," 
 " Beauty," " Adams," " Wild Goose," and " Pinkham's," 
 numbering nine in all. 
 
 It is is to be regretted that the Suncook is about the 
 onh^ original Indian name which now remains in Barn- 
 stead of all the past ; and that we are entirely unable, 
 even at this early day, to recall the past and to give to 
 the coming generations the primeval names of these beau- 
 tiful sheets of water. 
 
 16 
 
122 HISTORY OF liARNSTEAD. l^CS 
 
 The small streams that enter the Suneook river from 
 various parts of Barnstead, are the Parade brook, Proctor's 
 river, the Mill-stone brook, Walker's brook, Clark's brook, 
 Branch river and Crooked run. Many of these streams 
 take their rise from the ponds. After receiving these 
 fountains, the Suneook passing on, empties its waters into 
 the Merrimac at Pembroke. 
 
 All the waters of the town are carried off b^' the Sun- 
 cook, and as it passes on its way southerly it affords 
 power to drive machinery, by which many citizens find 
 business and employment, on the way as it goes. 
 
 The drainage by the Suneook is so complete that it 
 leaves no bogs nor meadows to emit pestilence or to gen- 
 erate contagious diseases. 
 
 To this cause in a great degree may be attributed the 
 general good health and long lives incident to the inhab- 
 itants of Barnstead. 
 
 LOCALITIES. 
 
 BEAUTY HILL. 
 
 This name is given to that high rolling land in the 
 northwestern part of the town. The soil is superior; 
 formerly it sustained a heavy growth of oak, but under a 
 successful cultivation it now sustains an intelligent, ener- 
 getic class of farmers. The air here is salubrious. This 
 elevation in a clear day affords a view of the silvery lake 
 
1863 LOCALITIES. 123 
 
 (Winnipesaugee), northerly five miles distant, as well as 
 a view of the whitened sails upon the ocean wave, away 
 in the distance southeastward. Here the sun rises early 
 and sets late, giving health and long life to its inhabitants. 
 Near by and in sight are the Bluehills and Catamount ; 
 farther off, yet still in view, are the White mountains and 
 old Chocoiua. 
 
 Chocokua ! oh, what clusters of historical incidents 
 seem to rally around that name ! Pardon us, for a 
 moment, if we digress from this narrative ! 
 
 Chocorua (pronounced Chec-cor-ruah), was the last 
 chief commanding the tribes of New Hampshire. He 
 used to wander in these woods. His squaw died, and 
 was buried by the brook-side where he had first found 
 her. His little Indian boy still continued to follow at 
 his heels, in this then wilderness. One day, at the house 
 of one Campbell (a white settler), the boy got poisoned, 
 and came home to the wigwam and died. Cliocorua 
 thought he was poisoned purposely. 
 
 Soon afterwards Campbell left home, and when at 
 night he returned, his family were all dead in the house. 
 A few days elapsed, and the white settlers followed Cho- 
 corua into that mountain which now bears his name, and 
 which stands al)out fifteen miles north of the lake, in 
 Burton, now Albany. Campbell discovered him on the 
 pinnacle of the mountain cliff, and comgianded him to 
 jump off". " Ah," said the Indian, " the Great Spirit gave 
 Chocorua his life, and he will not throw it away at the 
 bidding of the white-man." Campbell shot him, and 
 while dying he pronounced awful curses upon the 
 English. 
 
 In describino- that scene Mrs. L. Maria Child, in a 
 
124 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 
 
 18G3 
 
 vigorous legend, gives tlie words of Chocorua's curse 
 thus : 
 
 " ' A curse ou ye wliite-nieu ! May tlie Great Spirit 
 curse ye when he speaks in the clouds and his words are 
 fire ! Chocorua had a son ; and ye killed him when the 
 sky look.d bright ! Lightnings blast your crops — winds 
 and lire destroy your dwellings ! The Evil Spirit breathe 
 death on your cattle ! Your graves lie in the pathway of 
 the Indian ! Panthers howl and wolves fatten over your 
 bones ! ' 
 
 " The prophet sank upon tlie ground still uttering 
 inaudible curses." They left his bones there. 
 
 Ever since that day, the want of vegetation in and 
 about that mouutain, all its dearths, and all the diseases 
 upon the cattle and upon the inhabitants of that region, 
 have been attributed to that curse of Chocorua. 
 
 The faithfulness of Keoka, Chocorua's squaw, has been 
 briefly celebrated in a verse, which we copy, inscribing 
 it to the young mothers of Barn stead : 
 
 " With truth and trust and patient pride. 
 At morn, at noon, or eventide, 
 
 she calmed the cloudy hour; 
 Her heart was full of love and song. 
 She cheered Chocorua's life along; 
 
 She brought him many a flower. 
 
 • 
 "Such was the life Chocorua sought; 
 Such were the charms Keoka brought. 
 
 Unselfish, unpretending: 
 Kings of tlie earth, I'd envy not; 
 Give me to know Chocorua's lot. 
 
 Such faith, such favor blending I " 
 
 [Caverly^s Poems, vol. 2, p. 10.] 
 
1803 LOCALITIES. 125 
 
 SNACKERTY. 
 
 The extreme northeast part of Barustcacl at an 
 earl}^ day took this name. It is a sort of an arctic, snowy 
 region, which borders on the north of the Bhie hills in 
 Stratford, and is near the line of that town. The hinds 
 are of a snlphureons quality. Formerly (and perhaps 
 now), snow shoes were quite common there. Whenever 
 any of its inhabitants came to the centre of the town or 
 to the Parade, it was called : '' Coming out." 
 
 The first settlers in this locality, as it is said, were 
 from Schenectady, New York ; if this be true, Snackerty 
 may have been adopted as a corru})tion from that name. 
 
 This is a fine field or plat of ground in the southwest 
 part, made common to the puljlic through the numificence 
 of Eli Bunker, one of the inhabitants of Barustead, whose 
 genealogy is given elsewhere. A parade ground or train- 
 ing field was one of the purposes for which this level lot 
 of land was dedicated to the public, and " The Parade " 
 has ever since been used as a name, indicating the end to 
 which the gift was chiefly appropriated, and is sutficiently 
 descriptive of that section of the town. 
 
 This is a \nllage, on the Suncook, containing several 
 stores, a church, a town-house, a postoflice and tavern. 
 It is near the middle of the town, and is central as to 
 business. 
 
126 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 18C3 
 
 CLARK TOWN. 
 
 This is in tlie southeast part of Barnstead, and takes 
 its name from the great number of Clarks, intelligent and 
 industrious, that inhabited that locality. 
 
 TCTTLEBORO'. 
 
 Between the Centre and Beauty Hill were several fam- 
 ilies of Tnttles, all or nearly all descending from one 
 Jolui Tnttle, an original settler. Hence it derived its 
 name. Many of the Tnttles took wives from a Jacobs 
 famil}^, who were also quite numerous. 
 
 PEACHAM. 
 
 This locality is in the north, but whether it took its 
 name from that of individuals residing there, or from 
 some other source, must at this time be left untold. 
 
 LOCKe's CORNER. 
 
 The northeast part takes this name. It had been first 
 settled by one John Locke, and' has ever since been peo- 
 pled for the most part by his descendants. 
 
 NORTH BARNSTEAD. 
 
 Here are a few stores, a church, a post office, and manj' 
 dwelling houses. One of the main roads leading from 
 Dover to Gilmanton passes through it, and more and more 
 it becomes a thriving village. 
 
 SOUTH BARNSTEAD. 
 
 This is a place of considerable trade, and is favorably 
 known for its thrifty farmers and fat cattle. 
 
18G3 ITS SECOND MEETING-HOUSE. 127 
 
 ROADS AND RECORDS. 
 
 "In 1786 a Petition to lay out a road from the 
 province road to Bunker's Mill, was signed by 
 
 " Richard Cinclair, Winthrop Colebath, SamuelJacobs, 
 
 John Bickford, Aaron Chesley, Jacob Daniels, Samuel 
 
 Avery, James Brown, Benjamin Nutter, Eliplialet Tib- 
 
 betts, Samuel Drew, Jr., Dodovah Bunker, Joseph Bunker, 
 
 -John Nutter, Jr." 
 
 "The town voted to lay out a Rhode through John 
 Bunker's land, where it formerly was to go, to Jo. 
 Bunker's mill." 
 
 1786. "At a public vendue holden at the inn of 
 Charles Ilodgdon, 17th of May, for the sail of one cow 
 taken by destraint from John Bunker, for his delinquency, 
 in paying his part affixed, in money or labor, on the high- 
 ways, and the articles of sail is such, that said cow be 
 sold to the highest bidder for cash." 
 
 "Joseph Tasker had her struck off to him for 1 £ 13s Od." 
 
 ERECTION OF A MEETING-HOUSE, 
 
 AND OTHER MATTERS. 
 
 " 1788, May 25th. The town voted to build a meet- 
 ing-house. 
 
 " Voted, Capt. Drew, Col. Cinclair, Lew Mason, Ensign 
 
128 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1863 
 
 Evans, Kicholas DiuUe^', Thomas E^dgerly, John Tasker, 
 Esquire, be a committee to agree on a place to build said 
 meeting-house, and make a report to said town." 
 
 " Voted, To give 3£ I)onnly on a hade of a gray wolf, 
 and £1 10s on a hade for a whelp, caught within the bounds 
 of the town." 
 
 In the 3^ear 17H4 there was, as appears, a large sale of 
 lots of land at public vendue, by reason of the non-pay- 
 ment of State, County, and war taxes. 
 
 In the year 1787 a petition for a road through North 
 Barnstead to Dover was signed .by vSamuel B. Mason, 
 Ebenezer Nutter, Israel Averv, William Green, Moses 
 Avery, Benjamin Avery, and Samuel Avery. The road 
 was commenced near half-moon pond. 
 
 The meeting house last named having been erected as 
 contemplated, it remained as finished up to the year 1830, 
 when it was repaired and a stove placed in it. In build- 
 ing the stone chimney, Joseph Bunker fell from the roof 
 of the house and was killed. 
 
 In 1858, the church being again out of repair, the pew 
 holders relinquished their rights, and b^^ subscription pro- 
 ceeded to make permanent improvements. 
 
 The old pews were changed to slips and were modern- 
 ized ; the porches were taken oti'; the main entrance was 
 opened at the end of the house ; its windows were enlarged 
 and improved ; and the general appearance of the structure 
 underwent an entire change. 
 
 In 1866 the house Avas again repaired, and improved 
 by the erection of a tower on its westerly end, and b^^ 
 placing in it a neat, fine-toned bell, of 1200 pounds. 
 
1863 SCHOOLS. 129 
 
 This enterprise involved tlie expenditure of a consid- 
 erable sum of money, even more, as it turned out, than 
 could easily be raised in this small village. But, as fortune 
 had it, Mrs. Temperance Jewett, then in her ninety-sixth 
 year, was receiving a visit from her nephew, Hon. George 
 Peabody, the London banker. He happening to see their 
 financial difficulty, called upon the master workman of 
 the house, and ascertaining that the sum of $450 would 
 be the amount required, paid it over at once as a donation 
 from his old aunt ; so that the widow's mite was made to 
 complete the meeting-house. 
 
 Mr. Peabody since then has gone to his last account. 
 
 The church edifice i-emaius as it was when finished; 
 and the venerable 'lady, at the age of more than one 
 hundred years, " still lives" to hear, at least a few times 
 more upon earth the sweet tones of that church-going 
 bell, — coming as if to cite her upward and onward to 
 that celestial a])ode, where dwells the immortal spirit of 
 her faithful friend and patron. 
 
 SCHOOLS 
 
 1792, March 15. At a town meeting then held, — 
 " Voted, To have Agents in each school district, to 
 
 build a school-house in each district. 
 
 " Chose Samuel Nelson, Dependence Colbath, Chas. 
 
 Hodffdon." 
 
130 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 
 
 18G3 
 
 The disadvantages under which our first settlers 
 labored in establishing their common schools were great. 
 They had migrated from the old towns on thS seacoast, 
 where most of them had been taught reading and writing 
 and the rudiments of arithmetic. But now they were 
 located in the wilderness ; their school-houses, if they 
 had any, must necessarily be rude and far apart, exposing 
 their children to the ravages of wild beasts that often 
 lurked around their lonely cabins. To support a teacher 
 for any considerable time could not, to them, be otherwise 
 than extremely burdensome. Under such circumstances 
 tlie faithful dog or the " old Queen's arms " were often 
 depended on, in difficult emergencies. Thus were they 
 situated at the beginning ; and up to the year 1784 each 
 family acted as its owif teacher. Previously, the town, 
 bv reason of adversity, had not voted to raise any money 
 for the support of common schools. The Revolution had 
 now but just terminated, — there was but little money, — 
 " continental scrip " had become worthless, silver and 
 gold had in a great degree fallen into the hands of the 
 miser, — these and other attendant difficulties, delayed 
 the progress of education in Barnstead. 
 
 The first settled teacher employed by the town was 
 had in 1784. His name was Cornelius Kirby. He was 
 of Scotch descent ; had been educated in Scotland. At 
 first he settled in Portsmouth, and thence came here, and 
 became our first school master. 
 
 His school was in a private house, there being then no 
 school-house in Barnstead. 
 
 This school was kept at Wm. Newall's. It was in the 
 south part of the town. Newall atone time was an inn 
 keeper. He afterwards lived in the west part, on the 
 
18G3 SCHOOLS. lai 
 
 Province road, not far from the former residence of Di'. 
 Adams and more recently Nathaniel Adams. 
 
 " Master Kirby " had taiight school in Portsmonth. 
 He was miildle ag-ed, thick set, rather short; his iiat, 
 three cornered, buttoned. His shoes were of heavy 
 leather, high cnt, and a large sized bntton of steel on 
 the instep. His coat was rather of the long-jacket style 
 with massive pockets ontside, and a standing collar. His 
 breeches buckled snng at the knee, were of corduroy, 
 his stockings long and inclined to the snnff color. His 
 vest was of vast proportions, buttoned snug at the neck, 
 and made of Ijlack and white wool. Snugly ensconced 
 was his " bulls eye " under its right hand fold. His three 
 cornered hat much of the time covered the glistening 
 baldness of his pate, while his frosted locks gathered 
 and tied in the rear, hung in a graceful queue, ornament- 
 ing the collar of his coat, npon his spacious round 
 shoulders. His pleasant and graceful bearing bespoke 
 the trnthfulness of his early training, and his dialect 
 indicated a nationality of which he was alwa3^s prond. 
 
 His books were his Bible, arithmetic and spelling 
 book. These, as property, were held dear to him, and on 
 the fly-leaf of each was legibly written in coarse hand the 
 following old conplet : 
 
 " Cornelius Klrby is my name ; 
 Scotland is my nation ; 
 Barnstead my place of toil and fame, 
 And Christ is my salvation." 
 
 There are people still living who remember " Master 
 Kirb}^" and who learned of him the rndiments of their 
 early English. He for several years resided in Barnstead 
 as a teacher, and then returned to Scotland. For one 
 
132 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAl). 1863 
 
 term at least he had kept in the Ilodgdon District. 
 Though sometimes petulent, ^'JVIaster Kirby" left behind 
 him, for upriglitness of character and faithfulness in his 
 moral and religious life, a name unblemislied. By him 
 the boys of Barnstead had been trained to remove their 
 hats, and the girls to drop a graceful courtesy on meeting 
 their superiors at tlie school, or on the highway. Indeed, 
 may we nsk, would it not be well to have, at least, a smat- 
 tering of this sort of training for our girls and boys of the 
 present daj' ? 
 
 " Master Kirby," while here, resided most of the time 
 on the Province road, near the place of INIajor John Nut- 
 ter. The Major was an earl^- settler, and one of Kirby's 
 intimate friends. Kirby at one time contemplated the 
 building of a barn, and was contracting Avith Mr. Nutter 
 to build it for him. The Major asked him for the dimen- 
 sions of it. Kirby said he Avanted the posts sixty feet 
 high, and the tie-up in the roof, so that there would be 
 " no digging away of the manure." Nutter says to him, 
 " HoAv will the cattle get up there?" "Oh! jabbers," 
 says he, running his fingers through his hair, " that will 
 be their lookout." 
 
 The first record of money raised in town for school 
 purposes, is found in the year 1785, when £30 were voted 
 to that end. In 1792 the town voted an agent in each of 
 five districts to build as many school-houses, within two 
 years. 
 
 Next, after the commencement of a school in the 
 Nutter District, one was started at the Parade ; then one 
 in the southeast section, and then one in the north. For 
 several years thereafterwards, small appropriations were 
 
1863 SCHOOLS. 133 
 
 made, not every year, but as the ability of the inhabitants 
 would seem to warrant, to each of the then five districts. 
 
 In 1800, or about that time, Barnstead had built five 
 school honses. After this, a man was employed as a 
 teacher in each of them, some two or three months in the 
 year, mostly in the winter season, and a female teacher 
 nearly as long in summer. And so it was, up to the year 
 1817, when the school honses had increased to the num- 
 ber of eleven. In these houses were taught at this time, 
 English grammar, geography, arithmetic and sometimes 
 Latin and Greek. 
 
 The schools of that day, although supported with the 
 utmost economy, were highly proficient, and it may well 
 be doubted, if in that regard they would suffer in compar- 
 ison with the schools of the present da}-. 
 
 If we may judge from appearances, the country school 
 boy of 1830 who attended school but four or five months 
 in the year, obtained a better and more available fund of 
 information than the scholar of 1870 who attends school 
 the year round. 
 
 The text books then used needed, as it would seem to 
 us, little or no change. Murray's Grammar, English 
 Reader, Adams's Aritlnnetic, the Columbian Orator, and 
 Webster's Spelling Book were in use. most of them at 
 least, for more than a quarter of a century. They are 
 now among the things that were. Yet to us it is quite 
 doubtful if the books now. used instead of them are any 
 better. Too often it is that boys and girls of the present 
 day graduate from school having but little knowledge of 
 the world, or of human nature, without any suitable train- 
 ing for the daily duties, economies and courtesies neces- 
 sary for marriage relations ; and oftentimes almost entirely 
 
134 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAU. 
 
 1803 
 
 deficient in practical good manners, such as all ought to 
 have in order to insure faithfulness, industrj', economy 
 and a general good will to the generations as they shall 
 come and go. 
 
 It has been intimated that a graduate of a high school 
 at the present day has less of practical knowledge, and far 
 less of practical good manners than the boy with a short 
 Jacket of 1817, who had woiked his way to manhood 
 through the dearth stricken, dreary winters of that time. 
 Be that as it may, let us say to the inhabitants of Barn- 
 stead : Be economical, but build your school houses nice, 
 convenient and warm. Plant thrifty shade trees all 
 around them, permanently boxing and protecting them : 
 make them indeed welcome dwelling places for your de- 
 scendants. Go further : always raising as much money 
 as you can possibl}^ afford, for the support of your schools. 
 Go still further : be always in the hal)it, from time to 
 time, as your means will allow, of storing your dwelling 
 houses with useful books, each farmer taking pride in his 
 own lil)rary at home. Do this faithfully and ardently — 
 and what shall be the result? In less than ten years your 
 best boys shall begin to stay at home. No more, no 
 longer will they wander abroad for an education or to 
 seek a livelihood elsewhere. Stay at home they will — 
 not because of any necessity, but because in that home 
 there is a fountain of intelligence, as well as endearments 
 of early scenes and parental love. Thus j^our farming 
 community will be made up of the best blood of your 
 town. Your spacious farms, from year to j^ear, will 
 greatly improve, affording ample encouragement to the 
 husbandman, whereby all the expenses of a thrifty gen- 
 eration, as well as what is now called the burden of tax- 
 
1863 SCHOOLS. 135 
 
 ation, will be easily and cheerfully paid. Let it be borne 
 in mind, that every intelligent lad or lass, wlio can be in- 
 duced to remain at houie, and who earns more than his or 
 her living, is a source of wealth to Barnstead. 
 
 Then, don't allow your best men, who have large ftim- 
 ilies, to leave town, for the want of ample facilities to 
 school their children. Have a care for all this. Adhere 
 to it generously, energetically, and religiously, and in the 
 future years you shall see its effects in the countenances 
 of the coming generations. You shall see it in your old 
 age, and look back upon what you have done with a sweet 
 composure of spirit. You shall feel the effect of a work 
 thus well done, in every finger of the hand, in every toe 
 of the foot, and in every vein through which the blood of 
 your Jioble manhood shall course. You shall hear of it 
 from abroad. 
 
 Your neighboring towns, less wise, and less energetic, 
 shall send here for their teachers. Your counties shall 
 come here to obtain their judges and other noble and im- 
 portant ofiicers. Your gallant state shall, to a great 
 extent, depend on Barnstead for its governors. Nay, do 
 just this, and almost every other good thing shall follow 
 it. Other towns shall profit by your example ; your sons, 
 us they " rise up shall call you blessed," and when you 
 are far away, they will award to you a noble history — a 
 history second to none, save that which records the valor, 
 the faithfulness, and the endurance of your noble ances- 
 tors. 
 
136 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1863 
 
 MARRIAGES. 
 
 1777, Samuel Nelson was married to Abigail Ting- 
 ley, January 3, by Rev. William Parsons. 
 
 1777. Jonathan Jacobs was married in April to Han- 
 nah Black, by Rev. Peletiah Tingley. 
 
 1777. Samuel Williams was married to Sobriety Bunk- 
 er, by Rev. William Parsons. 
 
 1777. Bradbury Cinclair was married to Sarah Bunk- 
 er, by Rev. William Parsons. 
 
 1777. Henry Tibbets was married to widow Sarah 
 Cinclair, by Rev. William Parsons. 
 
 1776. John Drew was married to Lois Tasker, by 
 John Tasker, Esq. 
 
 1778. Benjamin Nutter was married to Mercy Task- 
 er, by Joseph AdaiBS of ^^ewington. 
 
 1779. Benjamin Hawkins was married to Susan 
 Bunker, by Rev. William Parsons. 
 
 1779. Moses Avery was married to Elizabeth Col- 
 bath, by Rev. Joseph Buckminster. 
 
 1781. Benjamin Nutter was married to Mary Walker, 
 by Rev. Joseph Adauis. 
 
 1784. Jethro Nutter was married to Polly Elliott. 
 
 1784. John McDuffee was married to Lois Tasker. 
 
 1807. Abraham Bunker was married to Polly Cin- 
 clair, by Rev. Enos George. 
 
 1807. Nathan Collins was married to Ruth Chesley, 
 by Rev. Enos George. 
 
 1808. Eliphalet Nutter was married to Lovey Lock, 
 by Rev. Enos George. 
 
1863 ITS FIRST MILL. 137 
 
 1805. Rev. Enos George was maiTied to Sophia 
 Chesley of Dover, by Rev. Joseph Langdon. 
 
 1805. Daniel Bunker was married to Lovey ■, 
 
 by Rev. Enos George. 
 
 1809. Joseph Piclcering was married to Polly Lyford, 
 by Rev. P^nos George. 
 
 " 1771. In New Market, Jonathan Kenniston. 
 1772. lu Portsmouth, George Seward." 
 
 BUNKER'S MILL 
 
 John Bunker, from Dover, settled here about the year 
 1769. His was the first grist mill. It was situated on 
 the north side of " The Branch," — this at that time being 
 the name of the Suncook river — and near a ledge. A 
 plank walk was constructed, extending from the top of 
 the ledge to the door of the mill. The building waslar^e 
 and stood endwise to the stream. All the corn and 
 grain centred here for many miles around ; and this mill 
 aftbrded much profit to its owner, as well as to our thrifty 
 3'eomanry, in the production of the best of meal and flour. 
 
 Bunker was, himself, the miller, and his meal-covered 
 coat, his boots, and the red knit cap which he wore, has 
 been held in remembrance these many years. 
 
 In the next place, he erected a saw mill, the first in 
 Barnstead. This took the place of the axe, and was of 
 great utility in shaping the lumber, as it came from the 
 
138 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 18G3 
 
 forest, making it into timber, boards, &c., which were 
 extensivel}^ used at home, as well as in foreign markets. 
 At his decease, these mills, with occasional improvements, 
 descended to his son Eli, and then to Timothy, and then 
 to Abraham. The eternal years have wrought changes — 
 the Bunkers "are not." Their mills are iiriudina; still. 
 
 MAILS. 
 
 The first mail was brought into Barnstead by one 
 Bragg, on horseback, on his route from Dover to Ply- 
 mouth, a distance of sixty-five miles. His saddle-bags 
 contained oats for his horse, as well as the news of the 
 day. Sometimes he used but three pints of oats in the 
 whole distance. One day Bragg was interrogated thus : 
 " How did 3'ou get along in using so few oats?" " Ah !" 
 said he, " I dealt them out with discretion." 
 
 The first postmaster in Barnstead was Charles Hodg- 
 don, Jr. His office was kept in his private house, on the 
 Province road. 
 
 In 1808 another mail route was established. The driver 
 carried it in saddle-bags and on horseback. It started 
 from Gilmanton Ironworks on Mondaj's, and returned on 
 Tuesdays of each week. 
 
 On this route the first mail carrier was John S. Shan- 
 non of Gilmanton. His wife was a daughter of Moses 
 Rand. His saddle-bags were full of newspapers — none, 
 however, could obtain papers other than subscribers. At 
 first the New Hampshire Patriot was the only paper. After- 
 
1803 MAILS. . 139 
 
 wards the New Ilampshife Statesman made its appearance. 
 At the winding of the liorn, crowds would cluster around 
 Shannon to learn the news — the old saddle-bags would be 
 unstrapped, and the news, foreign, domestic and political, 
 would be nnfolded. Subscribers were supplied for the 
 week, and a newspaper was regarded as one of the great 
 luxuries of the age. Shannon, independent of his papers, 
 was well versed in what was going on from abroad ; he 
 always had great news for the crowtl, and a good word for 
 all who came to make inquiries. 
 
 After a while the mail route was extended from Dover 
 to Concord, through Barnstead, when Shannon, instead 
 of going on horseback, droA^e a horse and wagon. News- 
 papers began to increase. The New Hampshire Patriot, 
 edited by Isaac Hill, continued to be the principal political 
 medium by which the democracy of Barnstead were edu- 
 cated and trained. Shannon also acted as our first ex- 
 press man in the transmission of the mails and newspa- 
 pers, and in the doing of errands, and sometimes carried 
 a passenger. John I. Tuttle, Samuel G. Berry and 
 others, were the successors of Shannon in this business. 
 
 At Barnstead Centre, a second post office was soon af- 
 terward established, with John Peavey as postmaster. 
 Another, also, was started at North Barnstead, of which 
 S. G. Webster was the keeper. 
 
 THE STAGE COACH. 
 
 The first coach was started here May 23, 1823, and 
 run from Portsmouth to Meredith Bridge, up one day and 
 
140 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 18G3 
 
 Gown the next. It was drawn by four horses ; provisions 
 were made for them on the way by the shareholders. The 
 name of the driver was Bean. When it started off the 
 road was lined with men and boys to witness its exit, and 
 cheered it at the crack of the whip, when the first mud 
 turned up to bespatter its polished wheels. It was, in- 
 deed, a novelty in Barnstead to see a coach drawn by 
 four horses, winding over the hills and at the speed of 
 seven miles an hour. The same stage route is con- 
 tinued to this day, varying the route only by touching 
 at the Parade, and passing around by tlie way of Pitts - 
 field. Other mail and passenger routes have since been 
 opened to meet the railroad cars at Alton Bay, and at 
 Concord. A railroad is now opened to Pittsfield. Its 
 steam whistle reverberates along the valley of the Sun- 
 cook, and it is hoped one Avill sooner or later find its way 
 within the lines of Barnstead in such form as to super- 
 sede the stage coach in that locality almost altogether. 
 
 THE SOCIAL LIBRARY. 
 
 This was incorporated in 1807, under the aame of the 
 " Barnstead Social Library." It at first contained about 
 three hundred volumes, all in good, strong binding. Its 
 Avorks were miscellaneous, historical, biographical, poeti- 
 cal and religious. Whether this Town Library ,%hich had 
 so good a beginning, has of late been replenished and 
 enlarged, or not, we are unable to state. If it has not, 
 we most fervently pray that it may be. 
 
1863 WAR. 141 
 
 WAR OF 1812. 
 
 When this war broke out, a recruiting officer, by the 
 name of Neall}'-, a sergeant from the regular army, 
 came to Barnstead, and opened an office. His only 
 assistant was a youth by the name of Grant. Grant 
 was skilful on the violin in playing the " vSoldier's 
 Joy" and " Yankee Doodle." His music, which inspired 
 the rustic dances in that recruiting service, is well re- 
 membered. To facilitate this enterprise, the enrolled 
 militia company was called out at the Parade. They 
 formed in front of the church, were drilled, and at 
 length were drawn up into line — were applauded and 
 treated copiously. Sergeant Neallj', b}- permission, then 
 advanced and addressed them thus : 
 
 " Fellow soldiers, attention ! It alfords me the high- 
 est gratification to witness the discipline and good order 
 in this large and noble company of citizen soldiers. The 
 town of Barnstead has reason to be proud of her defend- 
 ers. Fellow soldiers ! Your beloved country is engaged 
 in a bloody war with Great Britain ; we must, as valiant 
 patriots, go forth to maintain her honor and support her 
 flag. Will you help in this crisis? All those who will 
 volunteer in their country's cause will, at the word march, 
 advance three paces to the front. Forward, march !" 
 
 All eyes were upon the officer ; but not a soldier moved. 
 At length, old Wiggins Jacobs, although a little lame, 
 hobbled to the front, with measured step, gun erect, and 
 with a determined visage, just as if he meant war. 
 
142 HISTORY OF DARXSTEAD. 1863 
 
 The uniform of this recruit was rather of the oriental 
 style. His long coat was of the swallow-tail fashion, and 
 out a little at the elbows ; his boots were short, not quite 
 meeting the legs of his pants at the knee. His fire-lock, 
 without a flint, was somewhat laden with rust. And his 
 old slouched hat was minus about one half of its brim. 
 
 Still, our hero was the observed of all observers. He 
 stood forth as the champion, on whom Barnstead was to 
 depend, in that bloody war. B}^ the determination of his 
 countenance and the flash in his e3'e, all were given to 
 understand tliat John Bull and his hosts were not long to 
 remain upon these shores — that in the face of such valor, 
 Britain would be nowhere. 
 
 The gallant recruiting officer, although well pleased 
 with the valor evinced in this instance, was not quite 
 satisfied with the numerical strength which his patriotic 
 eloquence had called forth. 
 
 He, however, rallied a second time, in a different man- 
 ner, and at length had no difficult}^ in obtaining his requi- 
 site number of recruits, who gallantly represented Barn- 
 stead in that war. 
 
 SOLDIERS OF 1812. 
 
 Among the men who served were : 
 Capt. John Peave}', John Kaime, 
 
 Jeremiah Davis, Chandler Peavey, 
 
 Franklin Cheslej-, Silas Bunker, 
 
 Dearborn Bunker, Timothy Bunker, 
 
 Paul Ct. Hoit, James Davis, 
 
 Joseph Foye, Gardner T. Barker, 
 
 Jonathan Rand, John Place, 
 
 Winthrop Rand, Weutworth Rand, 
 
 Thurston Conner. 
 
1863 WAR. 143 
 
 Of the above soldiers, Franklin Chesley served near 
 the lines of Canada, and died in the service. He was the 
 son of Jonathan Cheslej', was a man of much culture. 
 He left a wife and one child. T. Bunker, who served in 
 the same company, returned. He was a son of John, and 
 is said to have been a great mimic and wit, Hoit served 
 on the northern frontier, but whether he fell there or not 
 we are not informed. He was a lieutenant. 
 
 On the frontier, Barn stead was well represented b}^ its 
 " regulars," and on the seacoast by its militia. Captain 
 John Peavey, with a company of militia, was stationed 
 for some months at Fort Constitution, in Portsmouth. 
 Joseph Foye was in several battles, was wounded, but af- 
 terwards lived to a good old age. Jonathan and Win- 
 throp Rand were on the frontier, but neither returned. 
 Kaime served as a sergeant. He never returned. Chand- 
 ler Peavey served on the frontier and returned. He was 
 in several battles. S. Bunker was among the enlisted, 
 served through the war, and returned home unharmed. 
 Gardner T. Barker, h. at Lee, who married Martha W. 
 Huntoon of Gilmanton, served, returned, and afterwards 
 resided a considerable time in Barnstead. Thomas E. 
 Barker, Colonel of the 12th N. H. Regiment in the rebel- 
 lion, was his son. John Place was a son of Joseph, of 
 the Revolution. Thurston Conner died at Barnstead 
 July 13, 1872, aged 85. 
 
 '• Of God-like man 1 — if thus he e'er appears, 
 'Tis when his truth outlives declining years. 
 Who ventures all in strength of youth or age, 
 In deeds divine, his energies engage ; 
 Who with one hand sustains a falling brother, 
 * Yet grasps his country's tlag firm in the other; , 
 
 To flaunt its folds on freedom's towering height, 
 Ue onward bears it, battling for the right." 
 
 [Caverli/''s Merrimac,p, 73.] 
 
144 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1863 
 
 MEXICAN WAR. 
 
 Nicholas Kenison served there. He was a brave sol- 
 dier, but was killed in battle. 
 
 Alfred T. Munsey, also served in the Mexican war. 
 He returned uninjured, and afterwards served as an officer 
 aaiainst the rebellion. 
 
 LAWYERS 
 
 Since the year 1825, Barnstead has given to lawyers 
 but little support. Previously, w'hen lumbering was the 
 chief employment of laborers, Avhen the products of the 
 forest and the wages of laborers were low, and when New 
 England rum was a common beverage, it was then that 
 the traders in merchandise would entangle the lumbermen 
 in long lists of credits, and before they were aware of the 
 danger, the law would begin to be enforced upon them. 
 
 It "was not uncommon for a neighboring lawj^er to 
 issue half a dozen writs against one debtor. The deputy 
 sheriff having them in charge would then come to Barn- 
 stead and proceed to attach his real estate and put all his 
 personal property' under the care of a keeper. On a 
 forced sale the property, in some instances, would not be 
 more than enough to cancel the costs of suit ; and then 
 the farmer's real estate would be subjected to an oppres- 
 sive mortgage or his body to a disgraceful imprisonment. 
 Such were some of the results of the law as administered 
 by the country lawyers fifty years ago. 
 
1S63 LAWYERS. 145 
 
 In these times, as appears, there is in the law a dilter- 
 ent practice. The debtor has rights, as well as the cred- 
 itor. A man's homestead is usually protected, and his bod}-, 
 for debt, is seldom arrested or imprisoned. In this, the 
 lapse of half a century has wrought an important im- 
 provement. 
 
 « Caleb Merrill, Esq., was the first lawyer settled, and 
 iu practice, in Barnstead. His ofHce was at the Parade. 
 He was from Chester, and commenced practice here in 
 1811. He was a man less disposed to obtain riches than 
 to impart professional advice gratuitously. He never en- 
 ticed his clients into ha.stj- litigation, but proved true to the 
 honor of his calling, in cooling the passions of the con- 
 tending parties, and in bringing them to amicable settle- 
 ments. 
 
 Mr. IMerrill was a good citizen, a sound lawyer, and 
 commanded a respectable business. In 1819 he removed 
 to Pittsfield, where he resided until his death. He left a 
 widow and children. 
 
 ISAAC O. BARNES, ESQ. 
 
 Mr. Barnes commenced practice herein 1822. He was 
 a graduate of Middlebur^^ College, and had been a law stu- 
 dent from the office of Titus Brown, Esq., of Fran- 
 cestown. He was a native of Bedford. In form Mr. 
 Barnes was tall, and when first at Barnstead was thin 
 and in slender health ; but the change of place and the 
 coming in to a more invigorating atmosphere, soon im- 
 parted to his countenance a more healthy hue, and restored 
 him to vigorous health. The lady wdiom he afterwards 
 married, was a sister to Gov. Woodbury ; and being a 
 democrat, he sought and obtained of the government va- 
 
14G HISTORY OF BAUNSTEAI). 18G3 
 
 rions offices, which from time to time he hekl uutil his 
 deuth. He practised hxw in Banisteud about nine years, 
 and tlien went to Lowell, Mass. In 1833 he removed to 
 Boston, and very soon was appointed Naval Agent for that 
 port. Afterwards, under the Bankrupt act of that time 
 he was made Commissioner for Massachusetts. At one 
 time he held the office of United States Marshal at Bos- 
 ton, and for a time was President of the Lafayette Bank, 
 and at last obtained the office of United States Pension 
 Agent at Boston, and continued in that position until 
 his death. 
 
 While in practice Mr. Barnes resided in a 'cottage at 
 South Barnstead, but cared less for the law than for 
 politics ; was always cheerful arid happy — enjoyed 
 the society of his friends — took an active part in all 
 good works, except temperance, and was usual!}' full of 
 wit and sarcasm. 
 
 At Boston he boarded at the Bromlleld House for 
 many years. His evenings were mostly spent with a 
 circle of listeners, deeply' entertained Avith his fund of 
 amusing anecdotes. One of his jokes has been poetized 
 as follows : 
 
 NO PRECEDENT. 
 
 •' A jolly old fellow was Isaac O. B.. 
 Very large, very fat, very fond of a spree. 
 Very foud of his glass, very fond of a smoke, 
 lint fonder by far, than all these, of his joke. 
 
 To a political b;iibecue Isaac once went. 
 And with other good fellows the day gaily spent. 
 In eating and drinking, which did not agree 
 With the spacious interior of Isaac O. Ji. 
 
 Yet on arriving at home and going to bed, 
 With stomach o'erloaded, and very light head, 
 He was soon taken ill, and was so short of breath. 
 That he thought he was called by the grim angel. Death. 
 
1863 ISAAC O. BARNES, ESQ. 147 
 
 So he sent for a doctor, renowned for his skill, 
 Who, hearing that Isaac was ftitally ill. 
 Did not tarry a moment, but unto him sped. 
 And found the old gentleman groaning in bed. 
 
 With feet very hot, and his face very red, 
 / And crying out. surely, " I soon shall be dead." 
 
 "Ohl nonsense!— pooh— pooh I" said the skilful 51. I)., 
 Your case is not hopeless, my dear Mr. B. 
 
 " In fact 'tis quite simple. The cause is quite plain. 
 And you'll soon be as right as a trivet again." 
 '• No, doctor," groaned Isaac, " I'm stricken by death. 
 He's got me now, sure — oh ! I haven't got breath 
 
 To tell how I suifer." " Oh ! come now, sir, come," 
 Said the doctor; 'tis plain you must suffer some. 
 But your pulse is not high, you'll come to no harm. 
 For no man ever died, with his feet like your's, w.vk.-m." 
 
 " I know of a case," gasped Isaac O. B., 
 
 So your statement does not at all reassure me ; 
 
 I know of a man. and his name I'll repeat, 
 
 John Rogers, the martyr — he died with warm feet." 
 
 One other story of tliis hero will finish our account 
 of him. 
 
 At the time when President Jackson removed the de- 
 posits from the old United States Bank, the Lafaj'ette 
 Bank in Boston had been recently chartered, with Isaac 
 as President. It became, among others, what was then 
 called a pet bank, which, by the government, was regarded 
 a much safer institution in which to deposit the public 
 moneys, than the old United States Bank, which was 
 then called a monopoly. Consequently nearly a million 
 of dollars from the government fell into this bank for safe 
 keeping ; the old bank, which had been the medium, and 
 which had sustained the merchants of the country was to 
 be crushed out, and consequently the merchants of Bos- 
 ton, many of them, at least, must necessarily tail and 
 come to want. 
 
148 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 18G3 
 
 III a little time the financial affjiirs of the countiy be- 
 came unsettled, merchants began to tremble in their boots, 
 and at length the financial trouble was seen coming, as it 
 soon did come, with a crash. 
 
 Many of these merchants were the political friends of 
 Isaac, and when their distress came they applied to his 
 bank for relief, and true as the stor^^ goes, through his ten- 
 der mercies they did not apply in vain ; they were sustained. 
 
 This crisis came in 1837-8, and thereupon the govern- 
 ment had occasion to send a committee to this bank to 
 investigate its standing and to count up its thousands 
 that had been deposited there. 
 
 When the Committee arrived Isaac, the President, re- 
 ceived them in his usual manner with jovial good cheer ; 
 and after hearing as they did many of his best anecdotes, 
 the Committee cautiously informed him of their business, 
 and desired him to pilot them in investigating the affairs 
 of tlie Bank. 
 
 He welcomed them to the Bank, and appeared happy iu 
 the extreme. But says he : " Gentlemen, I'll give ye the 
 ke3's, I hope you will be successful. I've tried long to 
 ferret out this matter. If 3^ou can find any money there, 
 3'ou'll do better than I can." 
 
 An investigation of several days was had — the Commit- 
 tee returned home about as wise as they came — the de- 
 posits were gone, and all the bills had become worthless, 
 consequently their favorite Bank at once came to an end. 
 
 Moses Norris, Esq. He was a graduate from "Dart- 
 mouth" in 1828, studied law with Isaac O. Barnes, and in 
 1832 became his successor in practice at Barnstead. 
 Norris was a good scholar, a well-read lawyer, and stood 
 high in the profession, although much of the time was de- 
 
1863 LAWYERS. 149 
 
 voted to politics and other matters. In 1834 he removed 
 to Pittsfield, his native town, and opened an office. 
 There he became one of its representatives, and was 
 speaker of the House of Representatives in the years 
 1840-41. Afterwards he was chosen a Representative to 
 Congress, and in 1850 was elected by the Legislature 
 United States Senator. He afterwards removed to Man- 
 chester, where he resided until his death in 1858. He was 
 rather slack in his business habits, seemed unambitious, 
 3et he was honest and generous to a fault. He left a 
 widow and three children, but as yet no stone marks the 
 place where he rests. His son in the rebellion took sides 
 with the confederac}^ and served as a soldier in the rebel 
 army • 
 
 Jeremiah Elkixs, Esq. In 183G Mr. Elkius came to 
 Barn stead, where he resided until his decease in 1845. 
 He was a graduate of Bowdoin College, and of the class 
 of 1820. He spent the first years of his professional life 
 in Washington, D. C, and in a successful practice. Leaving 
 there he opened an office in Laconia, where he continued 
 for some time previous to his removal to Barnstead. At 
 his decease he left a widow, and two daughters by a former 
 marriage. 
 
 Albert E. Hodgdox, Esq., was born here, read law 
 with Mr. Norris and Judge Perley, practised some time 
 in Barnstead, and died here in 1847. He was the son of 
 Charles Hodgdon, Esq. 
 
 Benjamin WI^^vLEy, Esq., was the son of Benjamin 
 Winkley, Senior. He practised law in Barnstead from 
 1847 to 1849. 
 
 Charles Smith George, Esq., being educated to the 
 law was admitted to the bar in 1845. He however pre- 
 
150 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1863 
 
 ferrecl agriculture to the business of the forum, and is now 
 engaged in that most healthful and interesting employ- 
 ment. He was a son of Rev. Enos C4eorge, and indeed 
 " is a chip of the old block." In truth we may say of 
 him, he is a good lawyer, a ready speaker, and an honest 
 farmer. His wife Almira, was the daughter of Zechariah 
 Boody Waldron, who was a descendant of the famous 
 Major Waldron, who was slain at Dover, b^' the Indians, 
 on the night of June 27, U!.sO. 
 
 His son, Enos George, Jr., has contributed nmcli by 
 way of encouraging the publication of this history, and his 
 generous kindnesses will long be remembered by its 
 editor. 
 
 Charles R. Rogers, Esq., was admitted to the bar in 
 1818. lie practised law here about two years. His office 
 was at the Centre. He left town some time in the year 
 1850. 
 
 H. B. Leavitt, Esq., practised law in Barnstead in the 
 years 1853-4. In 18G1 he enlisted in the 7th Regt. N. H. 
 Vols., and afterwards was appointed to the command of a 
 company. At the charge on Fort Wagner, Charleston, 8. 
 C, he fell at the head of his company. He was a brave 
 officer. 
 
 the law. 
 
 Reason and the experience of the past would seem to 
 teach that law was not made so much for the honest as for 
 the depraved. Such have been the improvements in Barn- 
 stead, of late, in brotherly kindness, temperance, and fair 
 dealing, that at this time no lawj'er appears to be needed 
 in this locality. Confident we are that its honest 3'eomanry 
 have appropriated to themselves a sufficient knowledge of 
 
18G3 
 
 PHYSICIANS. 151 
 
 the law, at least so far, as to be admoiiished to keep out of 
 it, and to avoid its penalties. However : 
 
 " We must not make a scare-crow of tlie law, 
 Setting it up to fear the birds of prey. 
 And let it keep one shape till custom make it 
 Their perch and not theij- terror." 
 
 [ShaJ:es2}enre.] 
 
 PHYSICIANS. 
 
 Dk. Joseph Adams, was our first physician. He was 
 an original permanent settler. He was a son of Rev. 
 Joseph Adams, of Newington, was born in 1727, and was 
 educated at Harvard. His father had schooled hiin for 
 the ministry, but the son preferred physic rather than the- 
 ology. In 1792 he came to Barnstead and settled on the 
 Province road, near Gilmanton line, on a farm owned by 
 his father. It was an elevated location, overlooking 
 Beauty Pond. His wife was Joanna Oilman, daughter of 
 Major Ezekiel Gilman, of Exeter. 
 
 Dr. Adams was quite advanced in age when he settled. 
 His farm pleased him and he continued to reside here to 
 the end of his days. 
 
 His children were Ezekiel Oilman, Joseph, Ebenezer, 
 Dudley, John, Benjamin, Nathaniel, and two daughters, 
 Betsey and Abigail ; the one married John and the other 
 William Janvrin, both of Seabrook, in 1784. These Jan- 
 vrin families are now numerous in Newbuiyport and vici- 
 nity. One of the boys, Joseph A. Janvrin, a name-sake of 
 Dr. Adams, has been a sea captain, is now in trade, and 
 
152 HISTORV OF BARXSTEAD. 18G3 
 
 resides in the city of Lo^vell. Tlie descendants of Dr. 
 Adams are some of them, at least, intermingled by marriage 
 with the Hodgdon family. The^' at this day are qnite 
 unni(ii"ons and are generally much respected. Rev. Jolm 
 G. Adams of Lowell, is one of them. 
 
 Of Dr. Adams we read the following from the Diary of 
 John Adams, late President of the United States, wherein 
 he refers to him thus : 
 
 " June, 1771. — At Tilton's in Portsmouth, I mot with 
 my cousin Joseph Adams, whose face I was once as glad 
 to see, as I should have been to see an angel. The sight 
 of him gave me a new feeling. When he was at College 
 he used to come to Braintree with his brother Ebenezer. 
 How I used to love him? He is broken to pieces with 
 rheumatism and gout now ; to what cause is his ruin to be 
 ascribed?" 
 
 Dr. Jeremiah Jewett, Sr., was from Rowley, Mass., 
 came in the j^ear 1792, being then a young man. Pre- 
 viously he had taken a circuit to the great lake, to Wolfi?- 
 boro' and to Merideth, with the view of settling in that 
 neighborhood. But on his return he accepted a cordial 
 invitation, which had some' time before been extended to 
 him to make Barnstead his home. The contrast between 
 the old county of Essex, his former place of residence, and 
 this then new place with its sparse population, its bad 
 roads, and with its otherwise discouraging aspects, was 
 very great. Yet a spirit of enterprize pervaded the people ; 
 they were about to erect a church and promised many 
 other irapi'ovements. He found a boarding place on the 
 high ground near the Mill, at the house of John Bunker, 
 and at once commenced the business of his profession ; 
 Avhich soon extended beyond Barnstead into Acton, Bar- 
 rington, and other towns. His mode of conveyance was 
 
1863 PHYSICIANS. 153 
 
 on horse-back, carrying medicines in saddle-bags. In 
 1795 he purchased five acres of land, bordering on the 
 Parade, lying on each side of the brook ; and thereupon 
 built a dwelling house. This was the second house erected 
 at the Parade, the first being Ben. Ilodgdon's, the same 
 now owned by Samuel Kaime. 
 
 Dr. Jewett married Temperance Dodge, of Rowley. 
 For a quarter of a century he was the only ph3'sician in 
 Barnstead. lie had received his education at the common 
 schools and at Dummer Academy, in Newbury, and had 
 studied medicine with Doctors Torrey and Spottbrd of 
 E.owle3^ Like many other ph3-siciaus he was fond of 
 making long visits, never in a hurry, delighted in conver- 
 sation, was rather slack in his habits, and had little or no 
 determination to accumulate property. 
 
 In stature he was five feet ten inches, thick set, dark 
 complexion, his hair tinged with gray, was quick in his 
 gait and in his manner of speaking. He had served a few 
 months in the army of the Revolution, under Gen. Wash- 
 ington, and at one time was a guard over the prisoners 
 then quartered at Cambridge. His house at Barnstead 
 was quite central ; the selectmen often held their meetings 
 in it ; and from this circumstance he was approbated a tav- 
 erner. Consequently he had a large saving-sign painted 
 blue ; on this was the picture of a dolphin, with a spear 
 aimed at it, and under it were the words " Catch a Dol- 
 phin ;" on the other side was the picture of an anchor and 
 under it were the words " Cast Anchor," 
 
 "Jeremiah Jewett, 1799." 
 
 The design of this inscription was impressive ; intend- 
 ed perhaps to induce the traveller to " cast anchor" and 
 turn in to partake of the repast then about being prepared 
 for him. 20 
 
154 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1863 
 
 The Doctor was surgeon of the 10th Regt. for many 
 years. On paratle days he wore a cockade and was 
 equipped with a sword. He alwa^'s had the most intimate 
 rehxtions with Parson George. On tliis account, at his 
 decease, Mr. George declined to take part in the funeral 
 exercises, but took a seat in the midst of the mourners. 
 
 Dr. Jewett died at the old homestead in the year 1836, 
 April 22, aged 79. He left three children, Spofford D., a 
 clergyman, Jeremiah P., a physician, Jjine, wife of Hazen 
 Wheeler, Esq., each having a family. His widow still sur- 
 vives him, being one hundred years old the 4th day of 
 April, 1872. 
 
 Dr. Noah J. T, George. Dr. George settled at the 
 Parade in 1822. He was a democrat, and aside from pro- 
 fessional practice he wrote for the press and published a 
 life of Gen. Jackson, a Gazetteer of the State of Vermont, 
 and a small book entitled " Multum in Parvo," and others. 
 His wife was a daughter of William Ayers. He died of a 
 lingering disease of the spine in 1849. One son and one 
 daughter survived him. 
 
 Dr. Simon P. Woodward. Commenced practice at 
 Centre Barnstead in 1824. He was well-read, was ener- 
 getic and had a good business here. About the year 1836 
 he removed to New Market. He died in 1854 leaving 
 children. 
 
 Dr. William Grover. Settled at the Centre where he 
 had an extensive practice, was a leader in the church, 
 represented the town in the State Legislature, and was a 
 member of the State Medical Society. In the sick cham- 
 ber his kind word and cheerful countenance failed not to 
 inspire a salutary hope in the hearts of his otherwise weary 
 and desponding patients. He died suddenly in 1853 of 
 
18G3 PHYSICIANS. 155 
 
 an abscess on the liver. His wife, who was a Miss N. P. 
 Taylor, of Hampton, and one daughter, survived him. The 
 town deeply mourned his loss. 
 
 Dr. Charles Whittle. Commenced business in the 
 south part of the town in 1830. He previousl}' had had 
 some practice elsewhere, but continued here but aboul two 
 years ; he then left for some other field of labor. 
 
 John Wheeler, M. D. Was born in Barnstead, Sept. 
 15, 1828 ; was grandson of Dr. Jewett, Sr. He fitted for 
 college at Gilmanton Academy, and graduated at Dart- 
 mouth College in 1850, studied medicine with Dr. J. P. 
 Jewett, of Lowell, Mass., and with C. T. Beri}^, of Pitts- 
 field, N. H,, attended Medical Lectures at Bowdoin, Bos- 
 ton, and Berkshire Medical Schools, and graduated at the 
 latter in 1852. 
 
 He immediately succeeded Dr. Grover in Barnstead, 
 where he has been in practice ever since, with the excep- 
 tion of four years at Pittsfield, and a while in the army. 
 Many medical students, more than twenty, have pursued 
 their studies, either a part or the whole of the usual term, 
 under his direction. 
 
 Dr. William Walker. Was the son of Joseph A. 
 Walker. He graduated at Jefferson College, and died at 
 Barnstead in 1855. 
 
 Dr. George W. Garland. Was a medical student at 
 Bowdoin and graduated from there in 1837. He studied 
 medicine also with Dr. - Dixi Crosby at Hanover, and 
 commenced practice at North Barnstead, at which place he 
 continued up to 1848, a skillful practitioner, and in a suc- 
 cessful business. Since then, as ever, he has prospered 
 with an extensive practice, residing in the city of Law- 
 rence, Mass. 
 
156 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1863 
 
 Dr. Mark Walker. Graduated in 1854, and settled 
 in the nortli part of Barustead. He still continues liis 
 practice in this and the neighl)oring towns, and proves to 
 be one of Barnstead's best pliysicians. 
 
 Dr. Bettox W. Sargent. Resided here in practice 
 from 1848 to 1853, and then went to the far West. During 
 the Eebellion he served as a surgeon on the staff of Major 
 General Thomas. He read with Dr. Knight of Franklin, 
 and now resides at Eochester, N. H. His wife was the 
 daughter of Dr. Farrington, of Rochester, formerly a 
 member of Congress. 
 
 Dr. Albert G. Weeks. Resided in practice at North 
 Barustead in the year 1851 and up to 1853. He had been 
 a student at Dartmouth and at Harvard College, was a 
 gentleman and a scholar. He died in 1853. 
 
 Dr. Alvin Jenkins, was an M. D., from Dartmouth in 
 
 1862, opened an office at Centre Barnsteal in 1863. He 
 removed to Great Falls, N. H., where he now remains in 
 business. 
 
 Dr. S. S. Wentwortii. From Dartmouth College in 
 
 1863, practised in his profession at Centre Barustead in 
 
 1864, and then left aud settled in EUenburg, New York. 
 Dr. jERE:MiAn Blake, once a student at the medical 
 
 school at Yale College, resided and practised medicine 
 here at the Parade, about two years. In 1862 he removed 
 to Gilmanton Iron-works, where he still remains. 
 
 While at Barustead he married Mrs. Elkins, the daugh- 
 ter of Abram Bunker. The* Doctor for a while was in the 
 ministry with good success, and whether as a physician or 
 a divine he has ever proved himself industrious, prompt 
 and efficient in every good word and work. 
 
 Dr. Dana Buzzell commenced here about the year 
 1839, but did not remain. 
 
1803 PHYSICIANS. 157 
 
 Dr. John P. Elkins also practised here from 1844 to 
 1848. 
 
 Dr. James Emerson, a native of Barnstead, and a 
 graduate of Dartmouth Medical School, was in the prac- 
 tice of his profession at the Centre from 1858 to 1862. 
 Since then he has practised in New Ipswich, N. H., in 
 Ashby, Mass., in Claremont, Minnesota, in Pittsfield, N. 
 H., and last of all in Gardner, Mass. Thus having 
 connected his practice with the geography of his country, 
 the Doctor now remains steadfast and is doing a spacious 
 business. 
 
 GRADUATES. 
 
 The following is a list of College Graduates who are 
 natives of Barnstead, and who have located themselves in 
 different sections of the United States : 
 
 Spofford D. Jewett, Eev. (now of Middlefield, Conn.), 
 was the first college graduate. He preferred the minis- 
 try, and after preaching the gospel thirty-six years, in 
 1866 retired by reason of declining health, thereafter 
 preaching onl}^ occasionally. 
 
 George F. George, son of Rev. Enos, studied medicine 
 in Georgia, settled in Shady Valley, Ga., where he still 
 resides. 
 
 Franklin T. Ilarwood, a graduate of the Harvard 
 Medical School, of the class of 1851, settled at Great 
 Falls, N. H. 
 
 John Wheeler, M.D., A.B., from Dartmouth and from 
 the Berkshire Medical School in 1852. 
 
 George W. Garland, M. D., from Bowdoin, in 1837, 
 now at Lawrence, Mass. 
 
 William Walker, M.D., from Jefferson Medical School, 
 in 1853, died in Barnstead, in 1855. 
 
158 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 18C3 
 
 Mark Walker, M.D., from Jefferson Medical School, in 
 1854, now in Barnstead. 
 
 James Emerson, M.D., from Dartmouth Medical 
 School, in 1858. 
 
 Caleb W. Hanson, M.D., from Dartmouth Medical 
 School, in 1858, now in Northwood. 
 
 John Hanson, from Dartmouth College, 1859, now in 
 business in the West. 
 
 Joseph B. Rand, M.D., from Dartmouth College, in 
 1858, now at White River, Vt. 
 
 John P. Elkins, M.D., from Bowdoin, in 18G2, now in 
 Wilmot. 
 
 Augustus C. Walker, M.D., from New York Medical 
 College, in 18^3, now in Roxburj'. 
 
 Laban M. Saunders, M.D., from Dartmouth College, 
 in 1864, died in Barnstead, in 1867. 
 
 Arthur C. Newall, M.D., from Ohio Medical College, 
 in 1865, now in Farmington. 
 
 Jeremiah P. Jewett, was the first in Barnstead who 
 took a degree as an M.D., his biograph}' will be found in 
 the appendix. 
 
 Hanson C. Canney, M.D., from Dartmouth College, in 
 1865, settled in Auburn. 
 
 Phineas H. Wheeler, M.D., from Dartmouth College, 
 in 1865, settled in Alton. 
 
 Nath. W. Woodhouse, M.D., from Dartmouth College, 
 now in Wilton, Iowa. 
 
 George H. Towle, M.D., from Harvard College in 1865, 
 settled in Deerfield. 
 
 I. Lysander Eaton, M.D., St. Louis Medical School, 
 settled in St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 Darius M. Edgerly, M.D., from New York University. 
 
1^<'3 PHYSICIANS. 159 
 
 Note. — Doctors Eaton, Saunders, P. H. Wheeler, A. 
 C. Walker and Newall, were all Acting Assistant Sur- 
 geons in the United States Armj^ during the Rebellion of 
 18G1. 
 
 PHYSICIANS OF THE NEIGHBORING TOWNS. 
 PITTSFIELD. 
 
 Abel Blanchard began his practice in 1803. He 
 was a bachelor ; at one time he offered Pittsfield $500 
 towards founding an academy there, but that good people 
 thought it would make their sons and daughters proud and 
 lazy ; and therefore rejected the offer. He left the town 
 in 1807 and went to Bembroke, and disposed of his money 
 in the building of an academy there. Pittsfield has since 
 honored herself in her schools of learning as well as in her 
 improvements in manufacturing, in agriculture, and in tlie 
 arts. 
 
 Dr. Thomas Shannon came to Pittsfield when Dr. 
 Blanchard left. Dr. Shannon was of the old school, edu- 
 cated under Prof. Nathan Smith. In 1827, soon after 
 founding the Medical School, Dr. Smith removed to Moul- 
 tonboro', and died there, aged 80 years. 
 
 Hon. R. p. I. Tennev, M.D., was a son of Dr. Wm. 
 Tenne}', late of London, and succeeded to his father's 
 practice in that town, but afterwards located himself in 
 Pittsfield, since greatly increased in thrift and beauty, 
 where he found an extensive field for his professional skill, 
 and where he still lives, a leader in his profession, and a 
 friend to all mankind. He lives in the midst of a happy 
 family. He married Miss H. A. Sanborn, of Gilmanton, 
 N. H. They have an amiable daughter bj^ the name of 
 Abbie. The Doctor was a Councillor to the Governor of 
 New Hampshire daring the Rebellion, and at that time did 
 
160 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1803 
 
 valiant service for his country iu raising and transmitting 
 tlie New Hampshire regiments to the armies of the North. 
 Long life to him ! 
 
 Jeremiah Blake, M.D., was a native of this town, 
 commenced practice here in 1826 and continued in this 
 ten 3'ears ; studied theology and then went into the minis- 
 try. He still continues his medical practice, residing at 
 Gilmanton Iron Works. 
 
 Enoch Barnes, M.D., practised here. 
 
 John S. Elliott, M.D., had an office here for several 
 years, and then went to Manchester. 
 
 LOUDON. * 
 
 Abraham Silver, M.D., an early settler in L., but 
 removed to Gilmanton. 
 
 Benjamin Kelley, M.D., practised here in 1787, re- 
 moved to Lower Gilmanton. 
 
 Anthony Sherburne, M.D., settled in L., removed to 
 Gilmanton in 1807, but soon died. . 
 
 Jedediah Tucker, M.D., a Congregational preacher as 
 well as physician, died in 1825. 
 
 William Tenney, M.D.,was from Newburyport. He 
 settled in Loudon in 1800 ; had a great practice, was 
 social and kind. He died in 1826, aged about sixty years, 
 much lamented. 
 
 R. P. I. Tenney, M.D., was the successor of Dr. Wil- 
 liam Tenney, his father, but afterwards removed to Pitts- 
 field, where he still remains in practice. 
 
 ALTON. 
 
 John Morrison, M.D., one of its first settlers, still in 
 practice, at the age of of seventy-five. 
 
1863 NEIGHBORING PHYSICIANS. 161 
 
 Dr. Curry was in practice in Alton, in 1828-9. He 
 eiied in 1830. 
 
 Drs. Nathaniel Dorman and A. W. Lougee also prac- 
 tised in Alton. 
 
 BARRINGTON. 
 
 Robert Woodbury, M.D., was early in Barrington, his 
 fame was wide, he was a school-mate with the late Presi- 
 dent John Quincy Adams, had a practice of more than 
 fifty years, and died in 1856. 
 
 John S. Furnald, M.D., practised nearly thirty years 
 and died while yet in his strength of manhood. 
 
 David McDaniel and William Waterhouse, also, were 
 located in Barrington. 
 
 NEW DURHAM. 
 
 Daniel Mowe, M.D., a celebrated physician, was here 
 many years. He removed to Lowell, where he lived with 
 professional honor, and died Nov. 3, 1860, aged 71. 
 
 John Elkins, M.D., was skilful, and had an extensive 
 field of labor in New Durham. 
 
 NORTH WOOD. 
 
 John Smith, M.D., an earl3r settler, read with Dr. Kel- 
 ly and had much practice in Northwood. 
 
 Benjamin Kelly, M.D., was in Northwood from 1780 
 to 1791, and then he settled in Gilmanton. 
 
 John Starr, M.D., had several years' practice in North- 
 wood, but died early. 
 
 Thomas Tuttle, M.D., was a native of Barrington, set- 
 tled in Northwood, and has had a respectable practice. 
 
1G2 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 18C3 
 
 CHICHESTER. 
 
 Amasa Kelly, M.D., one of the first in his profession 
 in Chichester, came in 1799, became blind and died in 
 1845, aged seventy-five. 
 
 Samuel Sargent, M.D., of South Chichester, died in 
 1842. 
 
 EPSOM. 
 
 Samuel Morrill, M.D., practised here and then removed 
 to Concord. 
 
 David L. Morrill, M.D., resided here a while, moved 
 to Concord and was subsequently Governer of New Hamp- 
 shire. 
 
 Josiah Crosby, M.D., practised in lipsom at first, and 
 then at Manchester, and is now residing there. 
 
 James Babb, M.D., a native of Chichester, twenty years 
 in practice, died in 1843. 
 
 Hanover Dickey, M.D., served in his profession in 
 Epsom, was a native — now in Lowell, Mass., and is still 
 in practice. 
 
 John Proctor, M.D., also practised in Epsom. 
 
 GILMANTON. 
 
 William Smith, M.D., was the first doctor in Gilman- 
 ton. Came from East Kingston in 1778. He died in 
 1830, aged ninety-eight years. 
 
 Jonathan Hill, M.D., settled in Gilmanton, in 1778. 
 He was a native of Stratham. 
 
 Obadiah Parish, M.D., a native of Canterbury, married 
 a Miss Badger, came to Gilmanton in 1790, died in 1794, 
 aged thirty. 
 
1863 GRADUATES. 163 
 
 Abraham Silver, M.D., came to lower Gilmantou, and 
 was in his profession in Gilmanton some years. 
 
 Simon Foster, M.D., a native of Andover, Mass., came 
 to Gilmanton in 1800 ; practised thirty years. 
 
 Daniel Jacobs, M.D., born at Mansfield in 1764, grad- 
 uated at Dartmouth College in 1787, came to Gilmanton 
 in 179G, had a good practice, died in 1814, aged fifty-one. 
 
 Benjamin Kelley, M.D., came to Gilmanton in 1801, 
 was a fellow of the New Hampshire Medical Society, died 
 in 1839, aged seventy-five. 
 
 Note. — Dr. Kelley had a son by the name of Hall 
 J. He was a teacher in Boston, but hearing the 
 story of the great West, he shouldered his pack and o-vni 
 and, on foot, took a bee line westward. After many weary 
 days he lost sight of all settlements, having reached and 
 traversed vast prairies and spacious forests on the way. 
 At length he found himself among savages, three thousand 
 miles away from home, in Oregon. At that time he had 
 not seen the face of a white man for two long years. The 
 story of events on the way, the wild experiences in the 
 midst of a new country, his manner of life among the 
 western Indians, &c.,were often related by him with thrill- 
 ing interest. His travels were published. 
 
 There were several physicians other than those above 
 named, who from time to time did good service in Gilman- 
 ton, and other neighboring towns, and who of course some- 
 times visited Barnstead professionally, among whom were 
 Doctors Asa Crosby, Nathan C. Tebbetts, Otis French, 
 and others. 
 
 COLLEGE GRADUATES. 
 
 Spofford D. Jewett, now a clergyman settled in 
 Connecticut, graduated from Dartmouth College in 1826. 
 
164 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 18G3 
 
 He was the first college graduate at Barnstead, studied 
 theology at Andover, Avas the son of Dr. J. Jewett of Barn- 
 stead, had been thirty-six years in the gospel ministry up 
 to 1866, when on account of failing health he retired from 
 his field of labor. 
 
 George Franklin George. Esq., from Dartmouth College, 
 now in practice at Shady Dale, Georgia, a son of Rev. 
 Enos George, deceased. 
 
 Albert Elisha Hodgdon, Esq., a son of Charles, from 
 Dartmouth College in 1842, opened a law-office in Barn- 
 stead, but died in 1847. 
 
 John P. Newell, Esq., at Dartmouth College, was the 
 first scholar in his class, read law, and then took charge 
 of the High School in Manchester. His wife was the 
 daughter of Charles Jas. Bell. Mr. Newell is far known 
 and much respected. 
 
 Horace Webster, L.L.B., from Dartmouth College in 
 1849, and a graduate of Harvai'd Law School. His wife 
 was the daughter of Rev. Amos Blanchard, of Lowell. 
 He died in 1867. His wife soon followed him to the spirit 
 land. 
 
 John Wheeler, M.D., from Dartmouth College in 1850, 
 and now in full practice in Barnstead. 
 
 Charles A. Bunker, from Dartmouth College in 1864, 
 now teaching in Peacham Academy. 
 
 Nathaniel L. Hanson, from Dartmouth College in 1864, 
 engaged in teaching. 
 
 David M. Edgerly, M.D., from Dartmouth College in 
 1864, in medicine, graduated at New York Universit3^ 
 
 Lewis W. Clark, Esq., a native of Barnstead, gradu- 
 ated at Dartmouth College in 1850, read law and settled 
 in Pittsfield, thence to Manchester, N. H., is in a large 
 
1863 MERCHANTS. 165 
 
 practice. He has a generous heart and a strong mind. 
 He is now (1872) Attorney-General of New Hamp- 
 shire . 
 
 Alonzo H. Quint, D.D., from Dartmouth College in 
 1846, and from Andover afterwards, was chaplain in the 
 Second Mass. Regiment during the Rebellion — wrote its 
 history — and now is pastor of a church at New Bedford. 
 
 Luther E. Shepard, from Dartmouth College in 1851, 
 read law, and is now in practice, doing a successful busi- 
 ness in Lowell, Mass. 
 
 Note.— Augustus C. Walker, William Walker and Ar- 
 thur C. Newall, are natives of Barnstead, and were 
 students at Dartmouth College for the term of two years. 
 
 MERCHANTS 
 
 The traders in Barnstead have advanced about in the 
 following order : 
 
 Richard Cinclair, commencing in 1774, on Province 
 Road, was the first. 
 
 Paul G. Hoyt. 
 
 Moses Styles, from Kingston. 
 
 Nathaniel Goodhue, in 1814. Second store at Parade 
 (barter trade). 
 
 Charles G. Cinclair, from Bethlehem ; Goodhue's suc- 
 cessor. 
 
 John Kelly commenced in 1817. From Gilmanton ; 
 kept at Parade. 
 
166 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1863 
 
 Nathaniel D. Chamberlain, in 1821 ; from Alton, 
 
 John Berry, from Pittsfield ; kept at South Barnstead. 
 Commenced in 1819 ; was here several years. Returned 
 to Pittsfield. 
 
 John Kent was Berry's successor. 
 
 Samuel Webster, at North Barnstead ; commenced in 
 1820. 
 
 George Nutter was Webster's successor and a success- 
 ful merchant. 
 
 Ebenezer Hall commenced at Parade in 1822 ; several 
 years here ; removed to Concord. 
 
 Samuel J. Edgerly and P. Hodgdon were in trade 
 several years. Hodgdon removed to Ossipee. 
 
 John Peavey, Esq., opened the first store at the 
 Centre, and traded many years. 
 
 Eliphalet S. Nutter, Esq., was in trade at Barnstead 
 Parade a considerable time, and proved one of its most 
 successful merchants. He removed to Concord in 1855. 
 
 The stores of these men, for the most part, were filled 
 with West India and dry goods, for which they often took 
 pay in lumber, &c., such as ship-timber, boards, shingles, 
 firkins, corn, potatoes, oats, butter, eggs, tow-cloth, &c. 
 
 Kelly, Goodhue and Webster were extensive traders, 
 and were the purchasers of all such articles. Beyond this, 
 Webster went largely into the lumbering business. The 
 fine forests of pine and oak then standing, began to yield 
 to the woodman's axe, furnishing for the market many a 
 stately mjfet and much ship timber, as well as an abundance 
 of the finest boards and shingles. He was from Gilman- 
 touand was in trade here a quarter of a century — was an 
 industrious worker, and, as the farmers would say, "died 
 in the harness." 
 
1863 HAND LABOR. 167 
 
 At the first settlements, and for more than forty years 
 up to 1812, manufacturing iu this and the adjoining 
 towns was all done by hand labor. Every article of 
 wearing apparel, every article of household furniture, all 
 farming utensils, and all kinds of implements used by this 
 community were wrought out without the aid of machinery, 
 through the ardent, exhausting toil of men and women 
 at hand labor. 
 
 The farm produced the flax, and the variegated flocks 
 afforded an abundance of white and black wool. The 
 flax was at first rotted and dried ; then it was subjected 
 to the break, which was worked by hard hand labor ; then 
 it was swingled and combed, when it became nice, smooth 
 and shiny, and fit for spinning or for the market. 
 
 The linen and the large wheel then stood ready to 
 assist in preparing it for the web, and the old clock reel 
 to transfer it into skeins, and to count it into knots. 
 
 The old-fashioned loom then took it, and the rattle of 
 the shuttle and treadles, and the reverberation of the 
 lathe in driving the threads, were heard afar ; while, at 
 the same time, the health of the industrious housewife was 
 invigorated in this process of manufacturing cloth through 
 hand labor. Be it remembered that life, through such an 
 industry, was made the more profitable, cheerful and 
 happy. 
 
 The use of most of the cloth in various ways made of 
 flax, wool and cotton, was for the home consumption. 
 Fabrics thus made and thus used administered to the im- 
 mediate comforts of the household, and at the same time 
 tended to inspire it with a complacent self satisfaction. 
 
 The first attempt to improve the old Scotch wheel was 
 in the patent head. This was intended to increase the 
 
168 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1863 
 
 revolutions of the spindle, and lessen the revolutions of 
 the wheel itself, and thereby to save labor. Cotton was 
 scarce, and commanded a high price, being imported from 
 India, and usually in very small quantities. 
 
 The old linen wheel, with its foot power and pine 
 distaff, were the same from time immemorial. Any sug- 
 gestions with the view of improvements in them would 
 have been looked upon with distrust, and as being in 
 vain. So it was during the first fifty years of our history. 
 
 Female labor was plenty and cheap. It was common 
 for the girl to work by the week, three shillings being the 
 usual wages for that term of service, and the spinning of 
 five skeins of yarn constituted her legal clay's work. 
 
 Many families were in the habit of manufacturing tow 
 cloth, which was used to clothe the negro slaves of the 
 South, and which sold here at the country stores for about 
 ten or twelve cents per yard. 
 
 Sometimes a fabric was made up of a linen warp and 
 hair yarn filling. This was woven in colors, checked, 
 striped, and plain ; it was quite thick and coarse, and was 
 readily sold at the stores in the early years when cotton 
 first began to be successfully raised in our own country. 
 
 Very soon this material began to be spun by machinery, 
 and sold by the pound in yarn, numbered according to the 
 size of its thread, or its numlier of skeins to the pound. 
 
 This was then bought and sold for warp, while linen 
 was used lor filling it, producing a durable home-made 
 cloth. 
 
 But the years of manufacturing the home supplies of 
 raiment, which evinced the industr}^, economy, and enjoy- 
 ment of our primeval race, have passed away. The Indus- 
 
THE WHEEL OF THE OLDEN TIME. 
 
ISeS FIRST SAW MILL. 169 
 
 try of our old mothers in this regard lias been described in 
 verse as follows : 
 
 " Men of my age ! we liall that highland glee 
 That cheered the homes, the hearts of you and me. 
 Of yore. Ye matrons too, whose childhood prime 
 Is merged in memories of the olden time. 
 Call up that hour 1 and bear me witness too 
 Of what in early life you used to do; 
 How then ou tip-toe cotton yarn you spun. 
 How buzzed the band, and how the spindle run, 
 How moved the thread around the handy reel. 
 How dear old motlier whirled the linen wheel, 
 AVhile at her knee the prattling baby stands. 
 Provoking grandma with his little hands. 
 To feel the forked distaff's flaxy curl 
 Or ferret out the curious whiz and whirl 
 Of wheel and spool; heedless of frown or fliers. 
 Or flax comb keen. So fondly he admires ! 
 The enchanting scenes of childhood's joyful day, 
 We cherish still, though fled like flowers of May. 
 In truth, alike, the habits had of yore 
 That linen wheel and loom are known no more." 
 
 {Caverly^s ■'Merrimac," p. 60.] 
 
 BRICKS. 
 
 These were made in Barnstead at an early period, clay 
 beds from which to make tiiem being common, and very 
 soon bricks began to take the place of rude unshapely 
 stones, with which were built the chimneys of the ancient 
 houses. They were then burnt in kilns ; no machinery 
 being used, as now, in preparing them for the burning 
 process. 
 
 FIRST SAW MILL. 
 
 This was situated on the Suncook. It carried an up and 
 down saw and made but one cut at every revolution of the 
 water wheel, but it furnished sufficient of boards and 
 planks to supply the demands of this then scattered 
 
170 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1863 
 
 people. Their clapboards and shingles were rived from 
 the rude but more clear forest material, mostly of the old 
 yellow centered pine, having neither wane nor knot for 
 man}' feet of its length. 
 
 Labor was cheap, there being but little to do, which, 
 would bring an immediate return in money. Yet they had 
 but to work and wait ; as the farm and the forest, oper- 
 ated upon by an economical industry would favor them, 
 and soon did yield to them a full supply and a cheerful 
 livelihood. 
 
 From 25 to 40 cents would pay a laborer for his da^^'s 
 work ; corn would bring but about 50 cents per bushel ; 
 hay S5 per ton ; a cow from $5 to $8 ; a horse from S20 
 to $40. Clothing was cheap, being home-made as above 
 stated, yet even at these low rates all enjo^-ed a compe- 
 tence — none seemed to be in want. 
 
 In later years the lumbering business increased, and 
 the various products of the forests were from time to time 
 in different forms borne awa}' to the market at the tide- 
 waters or elsewhere, and these in time brought to the 
 farmer a more competent cash return. The manufacturing 
 of barrels, firkins, pails, tubs, &c., was by no means a 
 small business in the early days of Barnstead, as it brought 
 to its inhabitants a constant income, sometimes in articles 
 useful to the household and sometimes in cash. 
 
 SHOES. 
 
 Within the last thirty years much has been accom- 
 plished in this vicinity in the manufacture of shoes. The 
 material stock being cut out, and boxed, in Lynn and other 
 large manufacturing towns, it is then transported here, 
 
1863 TOWN POUND. 171 
 
 giving employment to many men and women to a good 
 profit. 
 
 All this constituted a part of the home industry of 
 Barnstead, and although taken together, it has not always 
 afforded the most advantageous income, yet it has been 
 productive of sweet contentment and a vigorous health, 
 such as is not often found in the mammoth mills of 
 crowded cities, where such work is done under the labor 
 savins inventions of later and more modern times. 
 
 TOWN POUND, 
 
 The following record is on the town book in the year 
 1817: 
 
 " It was proposed to build a circular Pound, forty feet 
 in diameter, with a six-foot wall, seven feet high, to be 
 located near the brook by John Tasker's mill. 
 
 "It was put up at auction and bid off by Nathaniel 
 Tasker at forty dollars ; and a bond was given to the 
 Selectmen by Tasker for a faithful performance of the 
 work." 
 
 Unfortunately Tasker was taken sick and died. His 
 widow petitioned for a release from the contract. The 
 town voted not to exempt the widow Sally from building 
 the Pound agreeable to the bond given to the Selectmen. 
 It was therefore set up at auction again and bid off by 
 Joseph Pickering for $49. He afterwards fell back, and 
 Ms forfeit was one dollar. It was again put up at auction 
 
172 HISTORY OF BARXSTEAU. 1863 
 
 and was bid off by David Jacobs for $60. His bid was 
 also given up, the one dollar being paid. It was again 
 set up, and was bid off" by John Peavey, Esq., for $60, 
 who o;ave his bond and built the Pound." 
 
 TOWN HALL. 
 
 This is located at the Centre. It was erected in LS47, 
 and ever since the business of the town has been transacted 
 in this building. Pre\'iousl3' the Selectmen had held their 
 meetings in the different sections, mostly at private houses. 
 The Town Hall has proved to l)e not only a great con- 
 venience to the corporation as a public building, but as 
 otherwise affording to the public acconnnodatious for the 
 various gatherings which are connnon to a country village. 
 
 SHEEP MARKING. 
 
 Formerly a farmer would have been regarded as neg- 
 lectful of duty, and destitute of econonn^ if he did not 
 raise his own wool, and manufacture his own cloth. Hence 
 every farmer must necessaril}' support a large flock, and 
 b}^ statute law he was held to keep his sheep properly 
 marked. The marking was done by tlie barbarous fashion 
 of mutilating the ears. Thus for instance, in 1812, the 
 
1872 ITS REPRESENTATIVES. 173 
 
 sheep-niark of Samuel Bickford, as appears on record, 
 was " a piece cut ott' the right side of each ear, the ear 
 sharpened from each side of each ear thereof." 
 
 Each farmer had a different mark upon the ears of his 
 flock, so that if any were to stray from his fold and mingle 
 with others, they might easily be identified and obtained. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES TO THE LEGISLATURE. 
 
 Charles Hodgdon is the first on record and served from 
 1797 to 1821 inclusively, excepting the years 1800, 1801, 
 1802, 1803, 1815, 1817, 18U). 
 
 John Nutter in 1800, 1801, 1802, 1803. 
 
 Nathaniel Wilson in 1815, 1816, 1817. 
 
 William Walker, Jr., in 1819, 1822, 1824, 1827. 
 
 Hereafter there was to be two Representatives annually. 
 
 John Peavey, Esq., 1823, 1824, 1825, 1826, 1828. 
 Charles Hodii'don, 1823, 1845 Joshua B. Merrill, 1851, 1853 
 John Kaime, 1825, 1826 Wm. Jenkins, jr., 1852 
 
 John Kent, Esq., 1828 Thomas Proctor, 1851, 1852 
 
 Isaac O. Barnes, 1829, 1830 Isaac Garland. Jr.. 1853, 1854 
 Samuel Webster, 1829, 1830 John L. Nutter, 1854, 1855 
 George Nutter, 1831, 1832 Seth Shackford, 1855, 185(5 
 
 William H. Newall, 1831, 1832 Josh. M. Babcock, 1856, 1857 
 Thos. P. Hodgdon, 1833, 1834 Joseph Nutter. 1857, 1858 
 Samuel Kainie, 1833, 1834 Alfred Bunker, 1858, 1859 
 
 Samuel G. Berry, 1835, 1836 Jacob B. Locke, 1859, 1860 
 William S. Hill, 1835, 1836 Charles S. George, 1860, 1861 
 
 Timothy Dow, 1837, 1888 John McNeal, 1861, 1862 
 
 Richard Garland, 1837, 1838 Geo. W. Emerson, 1862, 1863 
 
174 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. . 1872 
 
 Joseph A. Walker, 1839, 1840 John Dorr, 1863, 1864 
 Joseph Jenkins, 1839, 1840 Horace N. Colebath, 1864 
 
 Stephen Young, 1841, 1842 Daniel F. Davis, 1865, 1866 
 
 Samuel Rollins, jr., 1841, 1842 Charles H. Dorr, 1865, 1866 
 Jonn Walker, 1843, 1844 Mark Walker, 1867, 1868 
 
 Enos George, 1843, 1844 Jona. M. Tasker, 1867, 1868 
 
 Chas. Hodgdon, jr., 1845, 1846 William Proctor, 1869 
 John H. Collins, 1845, 1846 Jacob W. Evans, 1869 
 William Grover, 1847, 1848 No Election in 1870 
 Charles Dudley, 1847, 1848 John F. Holmes, 1871, 1872 
 
 Robert S. Webster, 1849, 1850 Dau'l E. Tuttle, 1871, 1872 
 Enoch Clark, 1849, 1850 
 
 SELECTMEN. 
 
 John Tasker, 1774, 1776, 1783 
 
 Thomas Edgerly, 1774, 1776 
 
 Benjamin Nutter, 1774, 1775, 1777, 1778, 1780, 1782, 1783 
 
 Richard Ciuclair, 1775, 1777, 1779, 1780, 1781, 1782, 1784 
 
 Wiuthrop Smart, 1775, 1778, 1782 
 
 Andrew Drew, 1776 
 
 Samuel Pitman, 1777 
 
 William Brown, 1778, 1781 
 
 John Drew, 1779 
 
 Jonathan Emerson, 1779, 1780, 1784 
 
 Rufus Ewers, 1781, 1794, 1795, 1798, 1799 
 
 Charles Hodgdon, 1783, 1786, 1787, 1788, 1789, 1792 
 
 Ephraim Tebbetts, 1784 
 
 Jonathan Chesley, 1785, 1788, 1789, 1791 
 
 John Nutter, Jr., 1785, 1787, 1788, 1789, 1891, 1792, 1793, 
 1794, 1800, 1809 
 
 Lemuel Bickford, 1785 
 
 Samuel Nelson, 1786, 1790, 1791, 1792, 1793, 1794, 1795, 1797, 
 1800, 1801 
 
1872 ■ ITS SELECTMEN. 175 
 
 Ebeiiezer Adams, 178G 
 
 Moses Rand, 1787 
 
 Dependence Colebath, 1790 
 
 Ephraim Tebbetts, 17!»0 
 
 Beiijamiu Nutter, 1793, 1803 
 
 Dauiel Drew, 1795, 1797. 1798, 1799 
 
 Ezekiel Edgerly, 1796, 1800, 1808 
 
 Charles Hodgdon, Jr., 179G, 1802, 1803. 180G, 1817, 1822, 
 1824, 1826, 1827, 1828 
 
 John Jenkins, Jr., 179G, 1805, 1806, 1807, 1809 
 
 James Lock, 1800, 1801, 1803 
 
 Peletiah Daniels, 1804: 
 
 Joseph Tasker, 1804, 1805, 1808 
 
 James Brown, 1804, 1805 
 
 Moses Chesley. 1807, 1808, 1810 
 
 Nathaniel Tasker, 1807, 1809, 1814, 1815 
 
 Benjamin Hodgdon, 1810, 1811 
 
 Isaac Garland, 1810, 1811 
 
 Eliphalet Nutter, 1811, 1812, 1813, 1816, 1820 
 
 Nathaniel Wilson, 1812, 1813, 1814, 1815, 1820, 1821, 1823 
 ^Villi'im Walker, Jr , 1812, 1813, 1814, 1815, 1816, 1817, 1818, 
 1820, 1821, 1825 
 
 Noah Robinson, 1816, 1817, 1818 
 
 John Kaime, 1818, 1819, 1822 
 
 John B. Swasey, 1819 
 
 Jeremiah Dow, 1819 
 
 Samuel Rollins, 1822, 1823 
 
 John Daniels, 1823, 1824, 1825, 1826 ^ 
 
 George Nutter, 1824, 1825 
 
 Thomas P. Hodgdon, 1826 
 
 Samuel J. Edgerly, 1827, 1828, 1834, 1835 
 
 Timothy Dow, 1828, 1829, 1830 
 
 Richard Garland, 1829, 1830 
 
 Benjamin Hoitt, 1830, 1831 
 
 Samuel G. Berry, 1831, 1832 
 
 William S. Hill, 1831, 1832 
 
 Oliver Demerit, 1832, 1833 
 * Dauiel McNeal, 1833, 1834 
 
176 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1872 
 
 William Nutter, 1833, 1834 
 
 Jeremiah Clark, 1835, 1863 
 
 Jacob Sauuders, 1835 
 
 Charles Dudley, 1836, 1837 
 
 Joseph Jeukius, 1836, 1837, 1838, 1847, 1848 
 
 Arthur Bickford, 1836, 1837 
 
 Samuel Webster, 1838, 1839, 1840 
 
 Stephen Young, 1838, 1839 
 
 Samuel Kaime, 1839, 1840, 1858, 1859 
 
 Sewall Cilley. 1840, 1849 
 ^ohu Walker, 1841, 1842, 1843, 1863, 1864 
 _Joseph Walker, 1841, 1842, 1843, 1844, 1857, 1858 
 
 Daniel Bickford, 1841 
 
 William Berry, 1843 
 
 Hazen Pickering, 1843, 1844 
 
 Joseph A. Walker, 1844 
 
 Enoch Clark, 1845, 1846 
 
 Isaac Garland, 1845, 1846 
 
 George S. Roberts, 1845, 1846 
 
 Joshua B. Merrill, 1847, 1848, 1849 
 
 Josiah R. Shackford, 1847, 1848 
 
 Jacob B. Locke, 1849, 1850 
 
 John L. Nutter, 1850, 1851 
 
 Samuel Bickford, 1850, 1851 
 
 Seth Shackford, 1851, 1852 
 
 Hazen Wheeler, 1852, 1853 
 
 Thomas Emerson, 1852, 1853 
 
 John Dow, 1853, 1854, 1867, 1868 
 
 Caleb Willey, 1854 
 
 Charles S. French, 1854, 1855 
 
 John McNeal, 1855, 1856 
 
 George W. Emerson, 1855, 1856 
 
 Samuel D. Nutter, 1856, 1857 
 
 William Proctor, 1857 
 
 William S. Nutter, 1859. 1860, 1871, 1872 
 
 Jacob W. Evans, 1859, 1860 
 
 Nathaniel S. Nutter, 1860, 1861, 1871, 1872 
 
 Joseph D. Proctor, 1861, 1862 * 
 
1S72 TOAVN CLERKS. 177 
 
 John N. Hoitt, 1861, 1862 
 
 Horatio G. Willey, 1862, 1863 
 
 Charles S. George, 1864, 1865 
 
 Joel S. Hall, 1864, 1865 
 
 George W. Hodgdon, 1865, 1866 
 
 David H. Evaus, 18()6 
 
 Plumer Garland, 1866 
 
 JohnW. F. Locke, 1867, "1868, 1869, 1870 
 
 Charles E. Walker, 1867, 1868 
 
 John F. Holmes, 1869, 1870 
 
 Joseph P. Blaisdell, 1869, 1870 
 
 John F. Garland, 1871, 1872 
 
 TOWN CLERKS. 
 
 The first Town Clerk of whom we have ai\y record 
 was Benjamin Nutter, elected in 1775. The record is in 
 a fair liand. He remained in office up to 1781. Ilis suc- 
 cessors were : 
 
 Sanniel Nelson, from 1781 to 1784, inclusive. 
 
 Jonathan Bunker, from 1785 to 1786, inclusive. 
 
 Benjamin Hodgdon, from 1787 to 1799, inclusive. 
 
 Charles Hodgdon, Jr., from 1800 to 1805, inclusive. 
 
 Jeremiah Jewett, in 1806. 
 
 Charles Hodgdon, Jr., from 1807 to 1815, inclusive. 
 
 Enos George, from 1816 to 1858, inclusive. 
 
 Charles S. George, acted as Town Clerk in 1859. 
 
 Horace N. Colebath, in 1860. 
 
 Cyrus W. Blauchard, in 1861. 
 
 Charles E. Walker, from 1862 to 1864, inclusive. 
 
 Levi C. Scrutton, in 1865. 
 
 John H. Hill, in 1866. 
 
 John E. Pendergast, from 1867 to 1868, inclusive. 
 
 George Emerson, from 1869 to 1872, inclusive. 
 
178 ' HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 187: 
 
 POST-OFFICES. 
 
 Their locatious are designated — Barnstead, South 
 Barustead, Centre Barnstead, and Nortli Barnstead. 
 
 Previous to about tlie year 1814 there had been no 
 Post-office here. The first was established on the Province 
 Road, near the southwest corner of the town. 
 
 Charles Hodgdon, was the first Postmaster. He 
 was succeeded by Charles Hodgdon, Jr., Charles J. Hodg- 
 don, Noah Robinson, Samuel D. Nutter, but perhaps not 
 all in the same localit}-. 
 
 BARNSTEAD (pARADe) POST-OFFICE, 
 
 The Postmasters have been Hazen "Wheeler, Eliphalet 
 S. Nutter, Jonathan M. Tasker, Daniel Chesley, Joseph 
 P. Russell, and Cyrus W. Blanchard. 
 
 BARXSTEAD CENTRE POST-OFFICE. 
 
 Postmasters, Isaac O. Barnes, John Kent, Jeremiah 
 Elkins, John Peavey, Dauiel Bickford, Noah C. Hun- 
 tress, E. C. Drew, Laban M. Saunders, Seth Tasker, 
 and Thomas M. Huse. 
 
 NORTH BARNSTEAD POST-OFFICE. 
 
 Postmasters, Samuel Webster, Thomas P. Hodgdon, 
 Robert S. Webster, Charles E. Walker, and William C. 
 Berry. 
 
 SOUTH BARNSTEAD POST-OFFICE. 
 
 Postmasters, Edward Walker, Charles Reynolds. 
 
1872 
 
 HUSKINGS. 
 
 179 
 
 JUSTICES OF THE PEACE. 
 
 John Cinclair, 
 John Tasker, 
 Charles Hodgdon, 
 John Nntter, 
 Benjamin Nutter, 
 Benjamin Hodgdon, 
 Charles Ilodgdon, jr 
 Joseph Tasker, 
 John Peavey, 
 Caleb Merrill, 
 William Walker, 
 William S. Hill, 
 Hazen Pickering, 
 Charles S. George, 
 John W. P. Locke. 
 
 John Dow, 
 Samuel Webster, 
 Isaao 0. Barnes, 
 Jei'emiah Elkins 
 Thomas P. Hodgdon, 
 John Bickford, 
 Eliphalet Nutter, 
 Moses Norris, 
 George Nutter, 
 Peletiah Daniels, 
 John II. Collins, 
 Samuel Kaime, 
 Reuben Edgerly, 
 George W. Ewers, 
 Eichard Garland. 
 
 HUSKINGS. 
 
 Formerly as now, one of the largest crops produced in 
 New Hampshire, was that of maize, known as Indian 
 Corn, as it has been called, the same being believed to be 
 a native of this country. It was fonnd by the first settlers, 
 as raised b3' the Indians, and as seen by Columbus and 
 others at their first landings. In New England it has ever 
 since been more extensively^ cultivated than any other 
 article. It cannot be raised in England to anj^ great 
 profit, but in Asia and Africa the soil and climate for the 
 most part is well adapted to its growth. 
 
180 HISTORY OF BAUNSTEAD. 
 
 1872 
 
 In all countries it is now more or less used in various 
 ways constituting a substantial diet. Almost everywhere 
 it is consumed in the feed of Iiogs, horses, and cattle, and 
 often takes the i)lace of fuel in some parts of the great 
 west. It is raised there in largo quantities and at the 
 small cost of a few cents per bushel. The new lands of 
 the country are well suited to its growth, and no article of 
 produce affords an abundant return with more certainty 
 than a crop of corn. Of this the poor in our early days 
 could always obtain a supply, as it grew abundantly, and 
 a little labor would command it. How common it was 
 then to see peering through the log cabin from six to ten 
 rosy, red cheeked urchins with tangled hair, all in the 
 bloom of health, living daily as they did almost entirely 
 on this most nutritive diet, and from month to month 
 scarcely knowing a change from the corn and pork which 
 the father had raised and fattened. All over the large 
 fields,- then, in the montli of October, could be seen the 
 beautiful ears of yellow corn enveloped with dry husks 
 fully ripe and fit for the garner. 
 
 It was the work for the husbandman for days, to gather 
 the harvest of these fields, and to deposit the unhusked 
 corn in huge piles along the spacious floors of his barn. 
 This being done, the farmer, as if to join in a general 
 thanksgiving, would extend to the old, the young, and the 
 middle aged, an invitation to come to his husking. 
 
 At the evening appointed, they would come from afar 
 by the scores, and after the common greetings were passed 
 each would be conducted to the great pile, the same being 
 lighted up brilliantly, usually with wooden chandeliers 
 filled with candles. The young men and the modest young 
 maidens usually appropriated to themselves such seats as 
 
THE OLD HOMESTEAD, 
 
1872 HUSKINGS. 181 
 
 seemed most agreeable to them, while the older and more 
 sedate would seat themselves., men and women, promiscu- 
 ously at the heaviest part of the heap, all working their 
 fingers energetically, and all amusing themselves in con- 
 versation, story, and song, which usually' increased to a 
 noisy liilarit}' as the heap diminished. 
 
 The boys and girls will of course crack their jokes. 
 And when a red-ear was husked, then b}^ the laws of the 
 craft, the finder had a right to greet his favorite lady with 
 a kiss. This law was usually promptly enforced, although 
 our lads of the ruder class would sometimes incur the 
 penalty of a box on the side of the head, or of being buried 
 up in the husks. 
 
 After all the heaps are husked, then all the guests 
 repair to the mansion, where tlie old tashioned fire-place 
 is ablaze with a rousing fire, and where long extended tables 
 are set, standing upon the sanded floors, and upon which 
 the various viands that make up a sumptuous feast are 
 displayed and devoured, and Avhich alwa3's follow the husk- 
 ing out of the corn. 
 
 Then the lively reel and contra dance succeed, well- 
 timed by the fiddler, suspended, liowever, occasionally, to 
 hear a story of the olden time from tlie experience of age, 
 or to listen to a song from some fair maiden, all enjoying 
 the occasion, and each contributing a share to its enter- 
 tainment ; thus on until the striking of the old clock, 
 announcing the short hours of the night, admonishes the 
 company that the pleasures of the husking season are post- 
 poned to the next succeeding year. 
 
 The harvest and the husking of the corn have been 
 celebrated thus : 
 
182 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 
 
 •1872 
 
 " Meanwhile the field assumes a spiky form. 
 
 The time hath come to gather in the corn ; 
 
 On hand the laborers, on hand the cart, 
 
 The lads are all aglee to take a part ; 
 
 For now they know when eve approaches near 
 
 'Twill bring that joyful husking of the year. 
 
 All now one purpose faithfully fulfil, 
 
 The rustling ears are luinied from the hill 
 
 With ardent zeal; and flushed with hopeful joys. 
 
 Above the standing stalks both men and boys, 
 
 High on their shoulders crowded baskets wield. 
 
 The heavy harvest carted from the field. 
 
 They pile in heaps within the grating door 
 
 Throughout the spacious barn and kitchen floor 
 
 At eve ; there then the guests all seated down, 
 
 From every cottage home in all the town, 
 
 Some old, some young, and some quite lately born 
 
 Vie with each other husking out the corn ; 
 
 In social chat and merry song they keep 
 
 The golden ears fast flying from the heap, 
 
 ■While startled oft the seated crowd appear 
 
 At lucky swains who find a crimsoned ear; 
 
 For in such luck, 'tis never deemed amiss 
 
 To go the rounds and give the maids a kiss. 
 
 The sprightly boys with bending baskets borne, 
 
 Remove the husks and bear away the corn. 
 
 Then comes the hour that gathers large supplies. 
 
 Of apple-dowdies and of pumpkin pies. 
 
 Then bends the board with viands, fruit and wine. 
 
 All hail ! that gleeful hour, the olden time !" 
 
 {Caverly's '' 3Iei-rimac," p. 57-8.] 
 
 NATIVE FRUITS. 
 
 Long before the white man invaded the Indian haunts 
 along these valleys, bountiful crops of fruits and berries 
 seldom failed. Berries in profusion and in great varieties 
 
1872 NATIVE FRUITS. 
 
 183 
 
 supplied the natives, and fed myriads of birds that enliv- 
 ened the dark forest with the melody of their songs. 
 
 APPLE TREES. 
 
 The apple grew spontaneously, affording in its varie- 
 ties some of its choicest specimens. Then, as now, 
 altliough in a much less degree, it flourished and was 
 knoAvn throughout New England. Yet its production 
 here is always subject to great fluctuations. The apple 
 crop in the valley of tlie Suncook since the year 1829, has 
 very much declined. The once beautiful orchards of that 
 locality, then of thrifty growth, bearing well, have given 
 way, and much less of fruit is obtained. Apple trees in 
 the woods sometimes grew to the height of sixty feet, but 
 in the open orchard, well cultivated, they expand into 
 their natural dimensions and produce more fruit. 
 
 Much has been done within the last fifty years in graft- 
 ing upon the old stocks nature's best varieties, so that the 
 town is now very well supplied with the choicest kinds 
 of this, the best of all fruits, though on the whole not in so 
 great an abundance as formerl}'. 
 
 PEARS, PEACHES, CHERRIES, &C. 
 
 Peaches will not flourish here, the climate being too 
 cold for them. Pears, plums, cherries, native grapes, and 
 nuts flourish well generally. The blue-berry, black-berry, 
 straw-berry and rasp-berry are natives to this soil and 
 grow in profusion. Chestnuts and walnuts are less abun- 
 dant. The oak with its burden of acorns is attractive to 
 the chip, the red, and the gray squirrel, to which they in 
 the fall resort for a supply to their varied favorite winter 
 quarters. 
 
184 IIISTOKY OF BARNSTEAD. 1872 
 
 The low blue-berry bush grows upon the rocky hillside, 
 and in other waste places, and yet it is filled with rich and 
 early fruit. These berries are often gathered in large 
 quantities and sent to the city markets, where the^' usually 
 find a profitable sale. This fruit gathering tends to inuure 
 the women and children to habits of industry and economy, 
 promoting health and leading to long life. During the 
 fruit season hundi'eds of bushels of berries are thus collected 
 and sent to the city markets, by which a rough pasture in 
 some instances, is made (juite as profitable as the culti- 
 vated field. 
 
 THE POTATO. 
 
 The first account had of this plant was of some "roots" 
 found in Virginia, in 1597, and which were, as a curiosity, 
 sent from there to England and planted in a gentleman's 
 garden. It is said Sir Walter Raleigh on his return from 
 this country, at about that time introduced them in Ireland. 
 The Irish were slow to introduce them, having at first an 
 unfavorable estimation of their value, but afterwards be- 
 came great admirers of them. In England they were still 
 more tard}' in introducing them. 
 
 One writer said they were nearly like the Jerusalem 
 artichoke, but not so good nor so wholesome ; that they 
 should be roasted and sliced and might be eaten with sauce 
 composed of wine and sugar. The more wealthy were in- 
 clined to regard them as food for the poorer classes who 
 had not the means of obtaining the more common and 
 costly articles. 
 
 Columbus, in his early voyages, carried them into Spain 
 and was the means of planting them there at an early 
 period. Although of slow introduction, the uses and im- 
 
1872 GEOLOGY. 185 
 
 portance of this tuber, has given it a wide spread, far 
 be3^ond all other esculents, so that it has now become one 
 of the great crops of England, Ireland, Spain, and Russia, 
 and is raised more or less in almost every other country. 
 If no other benefits had accrued to the old world by the 
 discovery of the new, the corn and potatoes found here 
 would have afforded to the adventurer a full and complete 
 compensation. 
 
 The dry soil of Barnstead is well adapted to the pro- 
 duction of this most healthy and cheap diet, in all of its 
 best and most bountiful varieties. It supplies itself, and 
 from 3'ear to year affords large quantities to various mar- 
 kets of the seaport towns. 
 
 GEOLOGY. 
 
 There is no mountain range passing through this town, 
 nor is there any direct up-heaving of the earth's surface, 
 indicating volcanic eruptions, by which the baser metals 
 are sometimes made discoverable, but as it seems the 
 aqueus element in primeval times settled here, concealing 
 at least to some extent many of the more prominent 
 materials often found in New England by explorers in 
 Geology. 
 
 Dr. Charles T. Jackson, in his geological survey' made 
 several years since, represents Barnstead as being rough 
 and hilly, but as having a good soil, its rocks being alter- 
 nations of a very coarse feldspathic granite, with gneiss 
 and mica slate, loose masses of basaltic trap rock on its 
 
 24 
 
186 HISTORY OF I5ARNSTEAU. 1872 
 
 main road leading through it from Pittsfield. Speci- 
 mens of phimbago were obtained as fonnd in the ledges, 
 on the farm of Jonathan Keniston. Also on the Tuttle 
 farm, one-fourth of a mile west from Centre Barnstead, a 
 bog iron ore is found beneath the turf, covering nearl}^ an 
 acre of ground. 
 
 Also in the east part of the town oii> the land of 
 Samuel Garland, bog iron ore is found on the slope of a 
 hill forming a crust of two or three inches in thickness 
 and interlaid by hard pan. 
 
 It is not sufficiently abundant for a furnace but serves 
 well when ground for paint. Yellow ochre is found on tlie 
 town farm, but whether any attempt to collect and work 
 these ores would l)e profitable is a question of much uncer- 
 tainty. 
 
 There are now and then in Bai'nstead granite boulders, 
 which, according to the theory of Agassiz and others, were 
 dropped where they now rest by the immense icebergs 
 which were thrown over the country from North to South, 
 leaving on the way also great (quantities of trap and otlier 
 materials. Much of our soil is pebbly and sandy ; l)ogs 
 and claj-ey soils do not abound. In the four towns bor- 
 dering on this are the Blue-hills, Catamount and Gunstock 
 Mountains, which are much higher than any part of Barn- 
 stead, and these high mountain ranges loom np, making it 
 an uneven valley between them, through which the beautiful 
 Suncook and its trilnitaries wind their way onward to the 
 Merrimac and to the ocean. 
 
 EARTIl-QUAKES. 
 
 Perhaps no greater shaking of the earth has been felt 
 in this vicinity than on Nov. 28, 1814. It was in the 
 
1872 EARTH-QUAKES. 187 
 
 evening, there was about two inches of snow upon the 
 ground, the weather was fair and cold, not a cloud being 
 in sight to cover the glittering light of the stars. We 
 were sitting in tiie kitclien of the farm house, the fire fair 
 blazing in the old fashioned chimney. In front of it sat two 
 young ladies reading by tlie light of a candle, and a small 
 boy six years old leaning over the back of his chair nearly 
 asleep. These were all, and silence prevailed. 
 
 All at once a distant rumbling is heard, like wheels over 
 frozen ground ; it seemed to approach nearer, the rumb- 
 ling became louder, witli a gushing noise lilve a mighty 
 wind, shaking the house, the long row of pewter plates 
 standing on edges, and crockery rattling and shaking, 
 every door seeming as if some one was at the latch trying 
 to get in, and the windows apparently trying to get open. 
 Such a terrible clatter startled the two ladies from their 
 seats, who took for the street in the shortest route, and 
 thence to the nearest doorway of a neighbor. 
 
 The boy in his friglit landed in the midst of the nearest 
 wood-pile of brush, and being hurt bellowed vociferously, 
 so that he might have been taken as the counterpart to the 
 earthquake. The villagers were all out viewing the stars, 
 and earnesth' telling each other what tlie^' heard and how 
 the shake appeared to them severally, all acting as if in 
 a momentary expectation of another "■earth-shaker." At 
 length all returned to their houses, which had been vacated 
 thus unceremoniously, and to this day the inhabitants of 
 the Suncook Valley have not forgotten the shake of that 
 night. 
 
 The great earthquake of 1727, nearly a hundred years 
 earlier, was described in a sermon by Rev. Nath. Gook- 
 in, who then resided in New Hampshire. He says : 
 
188 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1872 
 
 "Tlie shake was heard and attended by a most terrible 
 noise, somewhat like thunder, the liouses trembled some- 
 thing as if they were falling, divers chimneys were cracked 
 — some had their tops broken off. 
 
 • ''When the shake was beginning some persons observed 
 a flash of light at their windows, and one or two saw 
 streams of liglit. The sea was observed to roar in an 
 unusual manner. The earth broke open near the south 
 bounds of the town (as it did in other divers places) and 
 cast up a very tine and blue sand. It is hard to express 
 the consternation that fell on both man and beast at the 
 time of the great shock. The brute creation were roaring 
 about the fields as in the greatest distress and making 
 noises — much surprised — and some of them as if in great 
 terror." 
 
 Another writer describes this earthquake of 1727 thus : 
 "Oct 30. — At 10 o'clock at night. The earthquake 
 shook both ye land and ye water, the islands and the seas 
 at that degree that several doors were shook otf ye latch. 
 In our village (Nantucket) ye hearth stones grated ye one 
 against the other, and that Carr the boat-builder run out 
 of his house, got into ye boat for fear 3'e island would sink." 
 It is generall}- understood that earthquakes are the result 
 of explosions within the earth, and that they proceed from 
 the pent-up melted materials within it, which sometimes 
 upheave and ventilate, creating excavations or cracks in 
 its outer crust. In some localities they are felt ranch more 
 sensibly than in this latitude, proving at times destructive 
 to life and property, even to the shaking down of a whole 
 city or ingulfing it in its ruins. 
 
1872 ITS CLIMATE. 189 
 
 CLIMATE. 
 
 At all seasons in this latitude the weather is variable ; 
 so that a constant change of clothing is necessary at almost 
 all times in order to insure good health. 
 
 The husbandman, though generally well compensated 
 for his industiy, has nuich with which to contend. The 
 extreme droughts of June and July sometimes trouble him 
 in this valley as well as fatal frosts, which sometimes in- 
 vade his domain in the early autumn, and to a consideraljle 
 extent lay waste his fields of vegetation. The season of 
 planting is from the tenth of May to the first of June, and 
 sometimes the copious rains of spring extend into this 
 period and greatly retard the work and diminish his pros- 
 pects of a fruitful harvest. 
 
 The year 1769 was a cold season. It very much dis- 
 couraged the settlers. Frosts were seen in every month 
 of the year. But little hay was raised and generally there 
 was but little vegetation. Corn, the principal cereal, was 
 nearly all killed in its vigor, and the hopes of the husband- 
 man were made faint. 
 
 In 1770, the year next after the cold summer, winter 
 came in intensely cold, and so remained with very deep 
 snows for forty days in succession. 
 
 In 1806 on the 16th of June at 10 o'clock, A. M., a 
 cold chill visited New England, caused by a total eclipse 
 of the sun ; the only one it can have during the present 
 century. The darkness that then covered the face of the 
 earth was impressive, "that day became night," stars made 
 their appearance in the heavens, domestic fowls perched 
 themselves upon their roosts, the conscious cattle forsook 
 
190 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1872 
 
 the pastures in quest of home, and all nature appeared to 
 clothe itself in a serene solemnity. 
 
 Januar}- 19, 1810, was what has been termed the cold 
 Frida3\ Previously there had been a succession of cold 
 days, the snow being deep and in drifts. On this da}' the 
 wind was bleak, blowing strong from the northwest, 
 creating a cold too intense for man to endure with ordinary 
 clothing. 
 
 1815.— The winter of this year was memorable for its 
 deep snows. In some parts of New England it fell in the 
 woods to the depth of eight feet. It held on late, and on 
 the 19th of May snow fell to the depth of eight inches and 
 the atmosphere at the time was quite cold. 
 
 181 G. — During this 3'ear frosts now and then were 
 found in the valle}' of the Suncook all summer. There 
 was a snow storm in June. This year in its cold and 
 dearth was very much the same as 1769. There was no 
 corn and but little ha}', so that in winter the cattle died 
 and the inhabitants were covered deep in dearth and dis- 
 appointments. The price of corn then was two dollars per 
 Itushel, hay thirty dollars per ton, and every other needful 
 thing was held in about the same proportion. 
 
 The cheapest food was souglit. A pint of beans with 
 six quarts of water well boiled, was called " bean por- 
 ridge." This was one of the best dishes of that da}'. 
 Those who could afford it, however, sometimes added to it 
 a small piece of beef, for in many instances their cattle 
 had to be killed to prevent starvation. This year many a 
 family went without bread for weeks in succession. In 
 some parts of Vermont on June 7, 1816, it began to snow 
 and continued until the 9th, when it froze all day. At 
 sunset icicles were three feet in length. On September 9, 
 following, water froze half an inch thick. 
 
1872 
 
 THE WEATHER. 
 
 191 
 
 1819. — Very different was the winter of tliis 3^ear. It 
 was without snow, there was plenty of rain anJ many mild 
 days. Farmers plowed and sowed their fields in February 
 and March. 
 
 In 182G provisions were again scarce and prices ranged 
 higli. On Dec. 30, the mercur}' ranged 25° below zero. 
 
 January 30, 1830, proved to be the coldest day in New 
 England since the cold Frida}^ of 1^10. 
 
 The year 1832 was productive of much good sleighing. 
 
 The extremes of heat and cold for a series of years 
 were as follows : 
 
 ABOVE ZERO. FIRST FR08T. 
 
 HELOW ZERO. 
 
 .July 20, 92' 
 July 0, 92 
 July 11, 93 
 June 30, 92 
 July 12, 95 
 
 Number an(l depth of snows from 1831 to 1839 inclu- 
 sively : 
 
 1821, January 25, 20' 
 
 1822, January 2-1, 20 
 
 1823, January 7, 14 
 
 1824, February 5, 25 
 
 1825, December 13, IS 
 
 September 29, 
 September 18, 
 September 22, 
 September 20, 
 September 20. 
 
 
 NO. 
 
 FT. 
 
 IN. 
 
 1831, 
 
 53, 
 
 0, 
 
 4, 
 
 18.32, 
 
 54, 
 
 6, 
 
 3, 
 
 1833, 
 
 53, 
 
 9, 
 
 11, 
 
 1234, 
 
 51, 
 
 10, 
 
 9, 
 
 1835, 
 
 68, 
 
 11, 
 
 4, 
 
 
 NO. 
 
 FT. 
 
 IN 
 
 183C, 
 
 9, 
 
 0, 
 
 4, 
 
 18.37. 
 
 :i, 
 
 s. 
 
 0, 
 
 18.38, 
 
 60, 
 
 4, 
 
 5, 
 
 18.39, 
 
 57, 
 
 5. 
 
 9, 
 
 1843, 
 
 
 0. 
 
 0. 
 
 It is believed the coldest day in New England within 
 the memory of man was Saturda}^ January 24, 1857. 
 The day next before it had been even colder than the "cold 
 Friday" of 1810, but this Saturday for its degree of inten- 
 sity surpassed them both. At Dover, N. II., the mercury 
 at sunrise stood 31° below zero, at Lowell, Mass., 25° be- 
 low, at Tyngsboro', Mass., 31° below, at Bangor, Maine, 
 44° below, at White River Junction, and AVoodstock, Vt., 
 43° below, at Calais, Me., 39° below, and at Montpelier, 
 
192 HISTORV OF BAHXSTEAD. 1872 
 
 Vt., the mercury fell to 50° below and congealed. But 
 the weather moderated during the day. 
 
 The hottest da}- in New England is supposed to have 
 been Wednesday, July 15, 18G8. At Lowell, Mass., the 
 mercury rose to 101° in the shade and remained nearly as 
 high during the da}'. 
 
 SANITARY INFLUENCES, 
 
 "Health, bri^ditest visitant of Heaven, 
 
 With tliee — oil let me rest. 
 In thy allotted years of nature given. 
 
 Be thou my constant guest." 
 
 The Suncook River from its source in the Guustoek 
 Mountain range on the west side of Winnipesaugee Lake 
 to its terminus in the Merrimac, is some more than fifty 
 miles in length. It runs at the rate of three miles per 
 hour ; so that in less than twenty-four hours its waters are 
 changed and a new supply is constantly approaching. In 
 its onward course it passes through Gilford, Gilmanton, 
 Lower Gilmanton, Barnstead, Pittsfield, Epsom and Pem- 
 broke, after receiving the contents of the various ponds, 
 and all the springs from the highlands, it moves on and 
 operates as a complete drainage to the counties of Belknap 
 and Merrimac. 
 
 In its approach to Barnstead from the northwest enter- 
 ing the thirty-six square miles of its territory, it meanders 
 onward forming in it two beautiful ponds of water, cover- 
 ing a thousand of its acres, making a narrow inlet between 
 them ; then leaving the ponds it takes a circuitous sweep 
 around through the centre of the vale, thence onward to 
 the great river Merrimac and to the sea. 
 
 The flow of the stream is quite uniform, its banks being 
 gi'avell}', and free from stagnant pools ; no impurities are 
 
1872 SANITARY INFLUENCES. 193 
 
 left upon the landscape to engender disease or to load the 
 atmosphere with unpleasant effluvia. The soil along its 
 banks is for the most part a gravelly loam, laden in some 
 places with loose granite boulders which the half frozen 
 aqueous currents from the north at some day had dropped 
 there. 
 
 The valley of the Suncook in the north part of the town 
 was formerly covered with dense forests of oak, and the 
 more southern parts were shaded with pines of mammoth 
 dimensions. Its timbeis in times past have been of great 
 use in the furnishing of masts and in the building of ships. 
 Aside from these, the original growth in many places was 
 made up of beach, birch, maple, spruce and hemlock. But 
 the valley of tlie Suncook has long since been sliorn of its 
 rich groves. The woodman's axe is no longer heard there. 
 Yet the plow and the sickle at this day encourage the 
 farmer with their constant returns ; his heart is made glad 
 by the bleatings of his flocks as well as by the voice of the 
 meandering, beautiful Suncook. 
 
 Health and long-life are common to Barnstead. Its 
 first settlers cultivated the spirit of toil, endurance, and 
 contentment, to which may be attributed the general 
 longevity that attended them. Up to the j'ear 1830 the 
 rate of mortality here was far below4he common average. 
 In 1819 and 1820, however there were a few cases of spot- 
 ted fever, of which two brothers by tiie name of Hall 
 died. These young men on the da}- before they fell sick, 
 on coming from the barn to tlie house, said they discovered 
 a strange odor in the atmosphere. 
 
 Consumption carries off generally at least one tliird 
 part of the inhabitants of our towns and cities, but in this 
 town such disease is much less frequent. 
 
194 HISTORY Ol' BAKNSTEAD. Ib72 
 
 In 1853 the population of Barn.stead was 1870 ; aud at 
 that time there were then living in it seventy-seven per- 
 sons whose ages averaged 8-i j-ears. 
 
 SEPTEMBER GALE. 
 
 .Sept. 2o^ 1815, Barnstead was visited with the greatest 
 gale in the midst of rain and storm, ever known there. 
 Men and houses were injured, sheds were unroofed, fences 
 blown down, and in many places the tall pines were laid 
 level to the earth. The old primeval forest, some of which 
 to that time had remained, which had stood the storms of 
 centuries, and had been the resting places of the summer 
 bird in the far by-gone years, were at once laid prostrate 
 with up-turned roots. Hundreds of acres of valuable lum- 
 ber along the valley of the Suncook fell in this gale. In 
 many places it had to be burned and wast.ed in order to 
 rid the soil of its incumbrance. 
 
 At that time there was but little call for boards, clap- 
 boards or shingles i^ the market — for this reason they 
 were of but little profit, except for home use. The best of 
 clear boards here at that time brought about $4 per M, at 
 Dover or Durham $8, and clear rived shingle only about 
 $1.75. Hence this gale brought much damage to the lum- 
 bermen. It appeared in its greatest severity along the 
 central part of New Hampshire, doing much damage all 
 the way, as it swept onward from south to north. 
 
1872 
 
 ITS LONG LIFP:, 
 
 l9o 
 
 LONGEVITY 
 
 In the year 1853 the following (76) persons were then 
 living in Barnstead, all of whom, as appears, were 7;') years 
 of age and upwards : 
 
 Samuel York, 82 
 Charles Hodgdon, 89 
 Moses Hodgdon, 76 
 Mrs. M. Hodgdon, 80 
 Josiali Pendergast, 83 
 Solomon Pendergast. 77 
 Mrs. S. Pendergast, 70 
 Miss Sally Pendergast. 89 
 Moses Cliesley. 79 
 Mrs. M. Chesley, 77 
 John Peavey, 79 
 Isaac Garland, 80 
 Mrs. I. Garland, 79 
 John Colebath, 87 
 Jonathan Keniston, 77 
 Mrs. J. Keniston, 75 
 Levi Clark, 79 
 Mrs. L. Clark, 78 
 Jeremiah Clark, 81 
 Mrs. J. Clark, 80 
 Jacob Willey. 86 
 Mrs. J. Willey, 80 
 Moses Bickford, 89 
 Jeremiah Davis, 90 
 Jacob Canney, 89 
 Jethro Nutter, 90 
 Isaac Willey, 78 
 John Pitman, 88 
 
 Samuel Hill. 77 
 Mrs. S. Hill, 75 
 Ebenezer Muucy, 81 
 Mrs. E. Muncy, 7'> 
 Stephen Hnzzj', 75 
 Mi'S. S. Huzzy, 75 
 John Nutter, 75 
 Thomas Snell, 77 
 Nathaniel Adams, 82 
 Joseph P. Nutter, 76 
 John Tebbetts, 82 
 Samuel Bunker, 80 
 Mrs. S. Bunker, 79 
 Simeon Lougee, 76 
 Samuel Caswell, 90 
 Mrs. S. Caswell. 88 
 Mrs. T. AVilson, 82 
 Mrs. Eunice Straw, 77 
 Mrs. Hitty Drew, 80 
 Mrs. Deborah Rollins, 84 
 Mrs. Lydia Shackford, 83 
 Mrs. Oliver Daviy, 90 
 Mrs. Betsey Littlefield, 87 
 Mrs. Sally Drew, 84 
 Mrs. Betsey Jacobs, 75 
 Mrs. Lovey Bunker, 76 
 Mrs. Nancy Bickford, 78 
 Mrs. Dorothy Edgerly, 86 
 
19fi mSTOKY OF BARNSTEAD. 1872 
 
 Jonah ritmau, 7G Mrs. Betsey Newall, 89 
 
 Mrs. J. Pitmau, 75 Mrs. Patty Drew, 94 
 
 Johu Saiiboru, 78 Mrs. Hannah Bcri-j-, 7C 
 
 Miss Ann Davis, 83 INIrs. Esther Durgin, 89 
 
 Miss Jane Muncy, 76 Mrs. Nancy Place, 82 
 
 Miss Sally Nutter, 76 Mrs. Susan Babb, 77 
 
 Miss Elsey Pitman. 75 Mrs. Dorothy Nutter, 87 
 
 Mrs. Mary Hodgdon, 76 Mrs. Mary Pickering, 87 
 Mrs. Tempereuce Jewett, 82 Mrs. Elizabeth Roberts, 86 
 
 Mrs. Abigail Ayers, 77 Mrs. Susan Durgiu, 89 
 
 Mrs. Joseph Bunker died in 1817, aged 107 years, and 
 Samuel Caswell died in 18G5, aged 107 years. 
 
 Of this number forty were over fourscore years, five 
 were over ninety, forty-six were females, twenty-seven 
 were widows, three were maiden ladies, and sixteen had 
 husbands. 
 
 Of the males thirtj'-seven were married, and one a 
 bachelor. Five of them averaged 102 years ; the eldest 
 was 107, the youngest 99. It is believed no town in New 
 England for health and longevity sustains a better record. 
 
 CASUALTIES. 
 
 1790. — A murder is surmised, a stranger is missing, 
 his horse feeds by the way-side near John Drew's barn, 
 but the rider is lost, and never found. 
 
 1808. — Benjamin Brown, from Collins' boat, upset in 
 the Suncook, and was drowned. 
 
1872 CASUALTIES. 197 
 
 1812 — The house and barn of Wm. Lord in a cold night 
 is consumed bj^ fire. 
 
 1813. — Samuel Rand's house takes fire and is consumed. 
 
 181-1.— Nov. 28, a great earthquake happens. 
 
 1815. — The bones of a supposed murdered man are 
 found near Centre Barnstead. 
 
 1815. — The great '-September gale" unroofs our dwell- 
 ing houses and destroys the pine forest. 
 
 1818. — Mrs. P. Young, while on horseback, fell from 
 the saddle and was killed by the fall. 
 
 1820. — Mrs. J. Clark, residing in the east of the town, 
 was killed by lightning. 
 
 1824. — A child of Timothy Bunker was drowned in a 
 pool of water. 
 
 1826. — Mrs. J. Bunker committed suicide in her own 
 house. 
 
 1828. — Joseph Peavey,the only son of John, was killed 
 at his father's grist mill. The revolving mill-stone split 
 in two pieces, was thrown upon him, killing him instantly. 
 
 1829. — Isaac E. Goodwin hanged himself in Nutter's 
 woods. Eight months elapsed before the body was found. 
 The joints in this time had extended, increasing its length 
 nearlj^ a foot and a half. He is said to have been insane. 
 
 1832. — John Sanborn, the son of Frank, from Gilman- 
 ton, leaving his team here, jumped into a well and was 
 drowned. 
 
 1834. — Capt. George Chesley fell under the wheels of 
 a hea^y ox-cart and was killed instantly. 
 
 1834. — A man by the name of Davis drowned himself 
 in the Suncook, near the Parade. 
 
198 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1872 
 
 1840. — The house, barn, and out-buiklings of Rev. 
 Enos George, together with the house, barn, and shop of 
 John Kaime, were consumed by fire, at mid-day. The fire 
 took from a flash of lightning. 
 
 1842. — George Stevens drowned himself in the Sun- 
 cook. _ ^ 
 
 1,S45. — A son of the late Timoth3^ Bunker fell into a 
 wheel-pit at Manchester, and was killed. 
 
 1850. — The old Robinson Tavern house, owned by S. 
 D. Nutter, with all its stables and sheds, was consumed 
 by fire. 
 
 BONES. 
 
 About the yetxv 1812, while the farmers were at work 
 on the highway extending its width, they plowed up a 
 skeleton. A man had obA-iously been buried there not 
 long previously by a murderer, who had sought conceal- 
 ment in that tliicket by the waysifle. 
 
 This event caused much excitement, the bones were 
 not re-buried, but were taken to the porch of the Parade 
 Church, and being deposited under its stairs, remained 
 there for identification for many months. They served in 
 the mean time as a common bugbear to the people of the 
 neighborhood, impressing them with tragical adventures 
 and bloody deeds ; and for a long time the bludgeon of the 
 murderer, the dying groan, and the spirit of the dead man 
 still seemed in sight, hovering over these tragic bones. 
 
 In the course of a 3xar or two this skeleton w^as ob- 
 tained by a lady from abroad whose husband had disap- 
 peared mysteriously at about the time of the supposed 
 murder, and who had uever returned. Many years will 
 elapse e'er the bones beneath the stair-way will cease to be 
 remembered. 
 
1872 ASTRONOMICAL. 199 
 
 COMETS. 
 
 Comets are aseertained to be " large opaque bodies 
 moving around the sun in various directions and in very 
 eccentric orbits." Tliey are wonderful in their motion 
 and appearance, coming and going ; some returning but 
 once in 75, some in 100, and some in 1.50 years, there 
 being no particular uniformity as to their times of return- 
 ing. Formerly the}' were regarded l)}^ the superstitious as 
 being the harbingers of pestilence, war or famine, filling 
 the timid mind with fearful forebodings for the safety of 
 the state, the throne, or the nation. But in our day they 
 are viewed difterently. In the time of Nero one was visi- 
 ble at Rome, appearing in the heavens as large as the sun 
 itself. It was said also by the Astronomer Hevelius, that 
 a comet appeared in 1652, which in size was not less than 
 the moon, though its light was pale and dim. There are 
 some hundreds of them. Their orbits though more ellip- 
 tical than those of the planets, can be calculated with some 
 degree of certainty. The tail of the comet sometimes ex- 
 tends an immense distance across the heavens, but does 
 not thus continue for many da3's. Its length, however, ap- 
 pears longer or shorter, according to the location from 
 which it is viewed. 
 
 The comet of 1664 was visible three months, and cre- 
 ated many superstitious apprehensions among our New 
 England settlers. Although the coming of the comets, as 
 the world grows older, brings less of surprise, yet they 
 alwaj's are, and probably always will be looked at with 
 
200 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1872 
 
 wonder, each of itself, as it approaches, atfording to the 
 world a subject of curious speculation. 
 
 The comet of 1843 was seen in the day time by the 
 editor of this work, at Limerick Village, Maine. The fol- 
 lowing is copied from his note book of that date : 
 
 "Feb. 28, 1843. — The great comet makes its appear- 
 ance east of the sun at 11 o'clock, A. M. It is seen by 
 the naked eye and its train is very conspicuous. In the 
 evening it is seen from 7 to 9 o'clock, its tail extending 
 from the west (as it followed the sun down), towards the 
 southeast, a distance of nearly 70°, the nucleus or body 
 of the comet not being seen, having gone down. This 
 trail extending back, each succeeding evening as above 
 described, is seen up to April 5, 1843. The motion of this 
 comet in passing around the sun was from west to east." 
 
 Noah Webster saj^s : "When the Comet is westward of 
 the sun and rises or sets before it, the light appears in the 
 morning like a train, beginning at the bod^' of the Comet, 
 and extending westward and diverging in proportion to its 
 extent. Thus the comet of 1769, (which lie saw), when 
 it rose in the morning presented a luminous train that ex- 
 tended nearl}^ from the horizon to the meridian." 
 
 The comet of November, 1680, first seen in Boston, 
 exhibited a long trail and continued visible until the 24th 
 of January, 1681. The record which the colonists then 
 made of it runs as follows : 
 
 "Since it is that those things are not sent for nothing, 
 though man cannot say particularly for what ; they are 
 thought by most people to be fore-runners of evil coming 
 upon the world, though some think, otherwise." 
 
1872 ORNITHOLOGICAL. 201 
 
 BIRDS. 
 
 " Vernal songsters all In chorus, 
 Warbling through the matin hour." 
 
 Perhaps there is no place where these almost domestic 
 and beautifully plumaged choristers can be found in great- 
 er profusion than along the verdant banks of the Suncook, 
 and around the wooded recesses of the ponds of Barnstead. 
 
 BLUE BIRD. 
 
 The blue bird coming about the middle of March is the 
 harbinger of Spring. The robin follows soon, and then in 
 flocks they come, until the groves are made joyfully vocal 
 with the melody of their music. How oft have we waited 
 there, how oft have we listened, entranced by their ten 
 thousand warblings, chanting their lovely notes as if upon 
 a double quiver scale, in solo, in duett, and in chorus, they 
 had been trained of angels ! 
 
 ROBIN. 
 
 At morn the robin red-breast is early awake ; he is con- 
 stantly a favorite, seeking our shade-trees and orchards ; 
 is always prone to feast on our bounty, never failing as if in 
 a returned favor to make us his melodious, friendly calls, 
 awakening us to the inspirations of the day, and leading us 
 by a noble example, to the varied duties incidental to a 
 happy and cheerful life. 
 
 WHIP-POOR-WILL. 
 
 At eve we are often moved almost to sadness, at the 
 lovely, lonely, never-tiring song, of the "Whip-poor-will." 
 
 26 
 
202 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1872 
 
 Sometimes he takes bis stand on the barn or shed, or on a 
 low tree, repeating over and over again for three or four 
 hours together his plaintive note. At early morn be re- 
 treats to the forest, and through the da}^ remains unseen. 
 But soon as the evening shades appear he skims low, darts 
 out and after obtaining his repast, again takes his stand, 
 and the landscape is again made vocal l\y the same old 
 song. 
 
 We are not aware that any harm has ever come to 
 "poor Will," notwithstanding he has apparently been so 
 often threatened to be whipped. 
 
 BLACK MARTIN. 
 
 The black martin is an annual visitant, coming always 
 (as it is said) on the 11th of April. His domestic habits 
 bring him about our dwelling-Iiouses, and his song is brief 
 but pleasant. His ijote is clear and ma}- be heard from 
 early morn until evening. He disappears early in the fall 
 and is seen no more here until the precise day which ap- 
 pears to have been appointed for his return. 
 
 Most of the birds come in May, build their nests, raise 
 their young, and leave, some of them, as earlj' as the last 
 of July. 
 
 THE ORIOLE. 
 
 The Oriole with his choice musical notes stag's much 
 longer. Who of us have not been delighted with his song, 
 while he stands waiving in his high colored beautiful 
 plumage, on the top of a lofty elm? All at once he turns 
 and darts into his beautiful wrought hanging nest, at the 
 end of a high-up limb, and our entertainment for the time 
 
1872 ORNITHOLOGICAL. 203 
 
 being is thus abruptly brouglit to an end. Such enchant- 
 ments are indeed productive of interest and tend to fill the 
 veins of our hearts with joy and health, and at the same 
 time elevating our conceptions of the wisdom and sublimity 
 of Nature's God. The notes used by birds as well as the 
 voices of animals are doubtless the same now as in the 
 earliest days. Birds use language according to the condi- 
 tion which attends them. Their mating call, their moan 
 of danger, and their shriek of alarm cannot easily be mis- 
 understood. These little "tenants of the air," as they 
 bring to us yearly profitable lessons and entertainments, 
 are entitled to our most tender regards and protection ; 
 yet, jiow often are their rights invaded by heedless hands. 
 The following story is in point and may prove profitable : 
 
 •' A matron wood-thrush built a nest, 
 And then sat down to take her rest, 
 While sitting there upon her eggs, 
 A snare was tetliered l#her legs. 
 Ye heartless dogs that did the deed. 
 Shall rue it for your cruel greed, 
 To cheat and rob the feathered tribe 
 Of eggs and all they have beside. 
 To them, as favorites from above. 
 To rove the air, to live and love. 
 To cheer all nature with a song. 
 Both life and liberty belong. 
 This bird by no means injured you. 
 With her or hers you'd nought to do. 
 Cursed be the heart, the hand, the twine. 
 That steals away that right divine 1 
 Such right most dear your mother knows ; 
 When to her ear this story goes, 
 She'll make you dance upon your pegs, 
 With the ' ile of birch ' about the legs. 
 
 In caution kind a lesson take, 
 „ Oh, never prove yourself a rake, 
 
 , But live to learn and try to make 
 
 The world more happy for your sake !" 
 
 [Caperli/^s I'oems, Vol. 1, p. r?.] 
 
204 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1872 
 
 MILITARY. 
 
 Immediately after the war of the Revohitiou, a military 
 pride pervaded most of the towns in New Hampsliire. As 
 Barnstead increased in population, its soldiers became 
 numerous and seemed to have been inspired of a laudable 
 ambition in the performance of military duty. Yet there 
 was a law with a penalty requiring all able-bodied men 
 between the ages of 18 and 45 j^ears to be called out, and 
 to perform that service, well armed and equipped, the train- 
 ings being at least three days in a year. Barnstead, 
 Gilmanton, and Gilford constituted the 10th New Hamp- 
 shire Regiment. The battalion drill was often held on 
 Barnstead Parade, even before a full regiment had been 
 organized. At that time ^he company of cavalry was 
 quite numerous and imposing. The red coats, the butf 
 pants, the stove-pipe hat begirt with red silk, the two ends 
 of the silk hanging down on the shoulders, the white 
 feather with its red top, the bear-skin holsters on the front 
 of the saddle holding heavy pistols, and the long sword 
 hanging by the side, gave to both men and officers an ap- 
 pearance war-like and majestic ; emphatically did a hundred 
 of these warriors so appear when seen on the parade, 
 moving at the rate of a double quick. These, together 
 with the light infantry, artillery and infantry, always 
 proved themselves the pride of the crowds of men, women, 
 and boys, that usually surrounded the field on parade days. 
 
 A noble specimen of an officer was Capt. George Ches- 
 le}' of the artillery, with his Napoleon hat, long blue coat^ 
 blue pants faced with red, and long sword. His select 
 
1872 MILITARY. 205 
 
 compaii}^ of larp;e men, six feet two, all at the drag-ropes 
 moving their six ponnders ; the rattle of the heavj' wheels 
 of artillery, and the frequent explosions of fire and thunder 
 from the cannon, often brought fear as well as amusement 
 to the surrounding spectators. 
 
 When the general officers on their prancing steads were 
 escorted to the field, they were received with martial 
 salutes ; and then there was music in the words of com- 
 mand as well as from the bands that received them. 
 
 After the militia of these three towns was concentrated 
 into one regiment, the Regimental Musters were usually 
 held at Tilton's Field, in Gilmantou, that being the most 
 central locality. Officers were usually selected from the 
 best men, among whom were Col. Bickford, Col. Peavey, 
 Col. Hoitt, Col. Dow, Col. Moulton, Col. Walker, and 
 others of the grade of Lieut. Colonels, Captains, and 
 subalterns, long to be remembered, but too numerous 
 to be mentioned in this work. The military spirit, disci- 
 pline and efficiency of officers of the olden time, were 
 always instructive and interesting. For example, the 
 orders given by the chief in command, loud and distinct, 
 were at once caught and repeated, each word by itself, 
 from one officer to another, and thus were they telegraphed ; 
 and they were clearly understood by every soldier, so that 
 at the last word "march" every foot in the Regiment 
 moved like clock-work. 
 
 The old Tenth Regiment consisted of one company of 
 cavalry numbering 150, and seventeen companies of foot, 
 in all about 1500 men. Some of the officers and soldiers 
 above named had served in the war of 1812. 
 
 The trainings were attended by wrestling parties, 
 numerous shows, auctions, circuses, and monkeys ; and 
 
206 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1872 
 
 were ahvays enlivened b}' music and dancing, with occa- 
 sional drinks. 
 
 Parade daj^s, like those, are at this period unknown in 
 New Hampshire. Yet they are remembered. One of them 
 a few years since Avas truthfully' described in a local ne\vs- 
 paper bj' a lad}', who resides at the Parade. The pro- 
 duction being regarded as valuable for its historic as well 
 as poetical interest, we copy it : 
 
 THE GLD-FASHIO^'ED TRAINING. 
 
 In tlie halcyou days of the olrlen time, 
 
 AVbeu our jolly grandfathers were in their prime, 
 
 When lieroic deeds were so valiantly done. 
 
 And when bloodless battles were fought and won. 
 
 There were few gayer scenes, I have often heard said. 
 
 Than were those at the trainings on Barnstead Parade. 
 
 They came from .all quarters ; the young and the old, 
 
 The eager-eyed boy and the officer bold; 
 
 And the women and girls in their Sunday trim, 
 
 In those funny old bonnets that looked so prim. 
 
 With the round ruffled cape and the work-bag, too. 
 
 And the narrow gored dress and tlie high-heeled shoe. 
 
 When the red-coated troop dashed over the green. 
 
 In the brightest of colors that ever were seen; 
 
 While banner-like waved the long plumes that they wore. 
 
 And the horse-pistols shone in their holsters before; 
 
 AVhile music was wringing from bugle and horn, 
 
 Oil! it was like magic to those looking on! 
 
 The artillery in blue coats, faced with red, 
 AVith heavy-plumed, crescent-shaped caps on each head. 
 Brought their old six-pounder, that thundered so loud. 
 Spreading terror and dread througli the startled crowd. 
 How the echo resounded, still higher and higher. 
 Like a hostile army returning their fire. 
 
1872 THE OLD-FASHIONED TRAINING. ., 207 
 
 With what stately step the light infantry came ; 
 
 The garments they wore are still living in fame ; 
 
 The white pants and blue coats, the bell buttons and all, 
 
 And those stiff-leather caps that were terribly tall; 
 
 And the long, snowy plumes that were tipped with red. 
 
 And nodded and halted in time with their tread. 
 
 Three, too, were the flood-wood — the slam-bang corps. 
 
 That numbered a hundred and oftentimes more; 
 
 Some were tall, some wore short, some crooked, some straight, 
 
 Some were prompt to keep step, and some halting in gait; 
 
 Un-uniformed men, and with no taste for war, 
 
 They came to tl^e training obeying the law. 
 
 VII. 
 
 Their weapons were brought from the workshops and farms, — 
 
 They were fowling-pieces and old "Queen's arms," — 
 
 Some were long, some were short, some were old and some new ; 
 
 But all were well cleaned for th' inspector' to view ; 
 
 And each man brought, as the law did require. 
 
 His two spare flints, and a brush and priiuing-wire. 
 
 Till. 
 O, the drummers of those days drummed with a will. 
 And the tones of the old-fashioned fifes were shrill ; 
 In a minor key they would rattle away. 
 Through solemn old marches and quicksteps gay. 
 " Adams and Liberty," and '' Hail to the Chief," 
 Were popular airs that stood out in relief. 
 
 When the sergeants had formed the long line with care. 
 
 And every man stood in his proper place tliere ; 
 
 When the roll had been called and all had said "Here," 
 
 While each pompous captain was bustling near; 
 
 On a prancing steed, with an escorting band. 
 
 Major Nutter rode on to take the command. 
 
 X. 
 
 What authority dwelt in his resolute face ! 
 
 And what dignity shone in his stately pace I 
 
 How his sword gleamed and flashed in the sunlight fair 
 
 How his high-toned voice rang out on the air : 
 
 "At-tkntiox, Bat-talion!" Each man of the host. 
 
 Witli closely clasped weapon, stood firm at his post. 
 
208 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 187i 
 
 XI. 
 
 They shouldered arms, carried arms, right-faced and wheeled; 
 They marched and they counter-marched over the field; 
 They went double-quick, and they halted and fired, 
 And marched in platoons till they must have been tired. 
 And, often, before they broke ranks for the night, 
 Lines of battle were formed and they had a sham fight. 
 
 The spectators, waiting round all the while. 
 Found varied amusements, the time to beguile. 
 There was swapping of horses and trying their pace; 
 Some were wrestling, some fighting, some running a race. 
 And around the side tents there would always be some. 
 Eating crackers and fish and drinking new rum. 
 
 And there in some nook would be veteran Joe Place, 
 With violent gestures and angry red face. 
 Repeating the stories, we may be assured. 
 Of dangers encountered and hardships endured, 
 When they fought those " rascally red-coats " to kill. 
 At White Plains and Monmouth and on Bunker Hill. 
 
 XIV. 
 
 Amidst the confusion of noises so queer. 
 
 The squeak of a fiddle might fall on the ear; 
 
 And some merry group would be found standing by, 
 
 To hear the gay fiddling of black Herman Tye; 
 
 While two, with coats oft" and with faces aglow, 
 
 Would be dancing a "break-down" with both heel and toe. 
 
 When the twilight came on, the training was done. 
 And the trainers went homeward, one by one ; 
 Each with his bundle of ginger-bread tied 
 In a bandana handkerchief close by his side; 
 And many a footstep would stagger astray, 
 When the music had died in the distance away. 
 
 Gone is the brave major, and gone nearly all 
 The voices that answered the ancient roll-call. 
 And many are silently sleeping alone, 
 In old corner graveyards, unmarked and unknown. 
 While the tramping of troops and warlike sound 
 Are heard no more on the old Parade ground. 
 
1872 CHRONOLOGICAL. 209 
 
 OLD STYLE. (O. S.) 
 
 Prior to 1752, the years commenced on the twenty- 
 fifth of March. 
 
 As time had been reckoned up to that year, its com- 
 putation during a long period "laad by degrees carried the 
 Winter a considerable distance into the Spring. 
 
 To remedy this irregularity. Parliament, on January 22 , 
 1752, passed an Act ordering eleven days to be dropped out 
 from the calendar, so that September 3rd, of that year, 
 should be called the 14th ; and this they denominated — 
 New Style (N. S.). 
 
 PROMINENT EVENTS. 
 
 1492 — Columbus discovered America. 
 
 1586 — Sir Francis Drake visited the New England 
 shores. 
 
 1600 — Canada was settled by the French. 
 
 1607 — Virginia was settled by the English. 
 
 1614 — Capt. John Smith explored this part of the New 
 World. 
 
 1620 — A Dutch ship brought negro slaves to Virginia. 
 Pilgrims landed. 
 
 1623 — New Hampshire had settlements at Dover and 
 at Little Harbor. 
 
 1624 — First ca'tle imported to New England. 
 
 1628 — The foundation was laid for the Colony of Mas- 
 sachusetts Bay. 
 
 1635 — Roger Williams is banished from Massachusetts 
 Bay. 
 
210 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1872 
 
 1G38 — June 1st. There was a great earthquake iu 
 New England. 
 
 1G39 — First printing in New England. 
 
 1641 — The use of tobacco was prohibited in Massachu- 
 setts. 
 
 1G42 — First Commencement at Harvard College ; nine 
 graduated. 
 
 Great training in Boston ; 1200 men, and none drunk. 
 
 1642 — Darby Field, bewildered, was lost on Mt. Wash- 
 ington. 
 
 1643 — James Britton and Mary Latham are executed, 
 charged witli adulter3\ 
 
 1644 — Ana-baptists are banished. 
 
 1652 — First money made at Boston. 
 
 1658 — Death penalty as against Quakers. 
 
 1659 — Wm. Robinson and M. Stevenson executed on 
 Boston Common. 
 
 1662 — Children of respectable parents although non- 
 professors allowed baptism. 
 
 1663 — The Indian Bible, by Eliot, is printed in Cam- 
 bridge. 
 
 1663 — Baptists are imprisoned for holding meetings. 
 
 1670 — The title Reverend is first applied to clergjanen. 
 
 1675 — Phillip's war commences, 650 settlers in New 
 England lose their lives. 
 
 1675 — First public fast is held in New England. 
 
 1677 — Fine and imprisonments is imposed for attend- 
 ing Quaker Meetings. 
 
 1677 — Price for labor £10 per year, — for a woman's 
 work £4. 
 
 1679 — New Hampshire is made a separate government 
 by a commission from England. 
 
1872 CHRONOLOGICAL. 211 
 
 1G80 — Baptists are forbidden to hold meetings in 
 Boston, the doors ot the church are nailed up by the mag- 
 istrates. 
 
 1680 — Major Waldron killed in Dover, by the Indians. 
 
 1681 — Mason comes and asserts his title to lands in 
 New Hampshire, but is resisted and leaves the state. 
 
 1682 — New Hampshire has four towns and 4000 in- 
 habitants. 
 
 1692 — -Twenty persons are executed at Salem, for 
 witchcraft. 
 
 1693 — First post-office is established in Boston, and 
 common drunkards are posted there. 
 
 1696 — There are thirty Indian churches in New Eng- 
 land. 
 
 1701 — Kidd, the pirate, is sent to England to be exe- 
 cuted. 
 
 1702 — Small-pox prevails in Boston, 500 die. 
 
 1704 — The News-Letter, the first newspaper in Amer- 
 ica is printed. 
 
 1712 — Paper money is made a legal tender. 
 
 1715 — Singing books are introduced here for the first 
 time. 
 
 1715 — Population of New Hampshire, 9500. It issues 
 £15,000 in paper money. 
 
 1719 — Potatoes were first raised at Andover. 
 
 1720 — Tea was first used in New England. 
 
 1721 — Inoculation for smallpox was first practised. 
 
 1724 — The highest tides in the midst of a violent storm. 
 
 1725 — A reward is off'ered for Indian scalps. 
 
 1730 — Seven million dollars in goods are imported to 
 New England. 
 
 1731 — George Washington was born. 
 
212 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1872 
 
 1735 — All epidemic, a putrid sore tliroat, prevails in 
 New Hampshire. 
 
 1739 — George Whitfield visits America, and is the 
 leader in a great revival. 
 
 1746 — Concord was invaded by Indians. 
 
 1750 — Paper money is discarded. New Hampshire has 
 24,000 inhaV)itants. 
 
 1752 — Benjamin Franklin experiments with electricity. 
 
 1756 — War between the French and English. 
 
 1759 — Sept. 13, Quebec is taken by the English, and 
 Wolfe and Montcalm are both killed. 
 
 1759 — George n dies, and George III succeeds him. 
 
 1765 — The stamp act was passed. Boston had 15,500 
 inhabitants. 
 
 1768 — British troops arrive in Boston. 
 
 1770 — Several are killed at the Boston Massacre. Tea 
 is no longer in general use. 
 
 1773 — Tea is destroyed in the Boston harbor. 
 
 1774 — Shakers increase. Ann Lee was their leader. 
 
 1774_Popalation of New England was 102,000. 
 
 1775 — Fight at Lexington, April 19. 
 
 1775 — Battle at Bunker's Hill, June 17. 
 
 1775 — Washington takes command of the arm}' at 
 Cambridge, July 2. 
 
 1775 — Paper inone}' was issued by Congress. 
 
 1775 — Benjamin Franklin was the first Postmaster 
 General. 
 
 1776 — The British evacuate Boston. 
 
 1777 — LaFayette joins the Americans in their struggle 
 for independence. 
 
 1777 — General Burgoj'ue surrendered. 
 
 1778 — The Sandwich Islands were discovered by Capt. 
 Cook. 
 
1872 SYNCHROLOGY. 
 
 213 
 
 1779_Siege of Charleston, S. C. 
 
 1 780 — Charleston surrenders. 
 
 1780 — Major Andre is executed as a spy. 
 
 1781 — New London was burnt b}^ the British, 
 
 1781 — Yorktown, by Lord Cornwallis, is surrendered to 
 Washington. 
 
 1782 — A provisional treaty with the United States, 
 signed b}^ England at Paris. 
 
 1783— Independence of the United States acknowl- 
 edged by Sweden ; Feb. 25, by Denmark ; March 24, by 
 Spain. 
 
 1783— The American army is disbanded. 
 
 SYNCHROLOGY MORE MODERN. 
 
 1860. 
 
 jsTov. 6.— Abraham Lincoln is elected President of the 
 United States. 
 
 Nov. 10.— South Carolina takes measures to raise ten 
 thousand troops, and proposes secession. 
 
 Nov. 18.— Georgia Legislature votes $1,000,000 to arm 
 the state. 
 
 Dec. 20. — Tiie South Carolina Convention adopts a 
 secession ordinance unanimously. 
 
 1861. 
 
 Jan. 2. — Georgia troops seize Fort Pulaski, &c., and 
 Gov. Ellis of North Carolina takes possession of Fort 
 Macon. 
 
 Jan. 4. — Gov. Moore of Alabama, seized Fort Morgan 
 and the U. S. Arsenal at Mobile. 
 
 Jan. 9. — The Star of the West is fired on by the rebel 
 
214 HISTORY Oi^ BARNSTEAD. 1872 
 
 batteries in Charleston Harbor, and driven back. On 
 this day the Mississippi Convention passed an ordinance 
 of secession. 
 
 The Florida Convention did the same on the 
 10th, Alabama on the 11th, Georgia on the 19th, Louisiana 
 on the 26th, North Carolina on the 30th, Texas on the 4th 
 of March, and Virginia on the 17th of April then next 
 following. 
 
 Feb. 9. — Jefferson Davis and A. H. Stevens are elected 
 provisional President and Vice-President of the Southern 
 Confederacy. 
 
 April 15. — President Lincoln calls for 75,000 volun- 
 teers. 
 
 April 16. — The Governors of Kentuck}-, Virginia, Ten- 
 nesee, and Missouri, refuse to furnish troops to quell the 
 rebellion. 
 
 April 19. — The 6th Mass. Regiment in passing through 
 Baltimore were attacked b3' a mob, and several soldiers 
 were slain on the one side and citizens on the other. 
 
 May 3. — President Lincoln calls for 60,000 Volunteers 
 for the Army and Navy, for three 3'ears. 
 
 May 10. — Major General Robert E. Lee assumes com- 
 mand of the Rebel forces in Virginia. 
 
 June 13. — Queen Victoria issues a Proclamation of 
 Neutrality. 
 
 July 21.— Battle of Bull Run. 
 
 Aug. 15. — Jefferson Davis orders all Northern men to 
 leave the South in fort}'' days. 
 
 Sept. 21. — John C. Breckinridge, late Vice-President 
 of the United States, openly joined the Rebels. 
 
 Oct. 29. — Great Naval expedition under Commodore 
 Dupont ; General T. W. Sherman, in command of land 
 forces, leaves Fortress Monroe. 
 
1872 SYNCROLOGY. 215 
 
 Nov. 1. — Lieutenant General Scott resigns the com- 
 mand-in-chief of the Union armies, and General McClellan 
 appointed in his place. 
 
 1862. 
 
 Feb. 8. — Battle of Roanoke Island. 
 
 Feb. 16. — Fort Donelson captured. 
 
 Feb. 22. — Jeff. Davis re-inaugurated President of the 
 C. S. A., at Richmond. 
 
 March 9. — Engagement between the Monitor and 
 Merrimac, in Hampton Roads. 
 
 April 6. — Battle of Shiloh, or Pittsburg Landing. 
 
 April 7. — Surrender of Island No. 10. 
 
 April 10. — Surrender of Port Pulaski. 
 
 May 3. — Yorktown evacuated by the Rebels. 
 
 May 31. — Battle of Seven Pines and Fair Oaks. 
 
 June 26. — Commencement of seven days' battle before 
 Richmond. 
 
 July 1. — President Lincoln calls for three hundred 
 thousand men. Battle of Malvern Hills, and close of the 
 seven days' struggle. 
 
 Aug. 4. — President Lincoln calls for three hundred 
 thousand nine months' troops. 
 
 Aug. 9. — Battle of Cedar Mountain. 
 
 Aug. 29. — Second battle of Bull Run. 
 
 Sept. 14. — The battle of South Mountain. 
 
 Sept, 17. — Battle of Antietam. 
 
 Oct. 3.— Battle of Corinth. 
 
 Nov. 7. — General McClellan relieved of the command 
 of the Army of the Potomac by Gen. Burnside. 
 
 Dec. 13. — Battle of Fredericksburg. 
 
216 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1872 
 
 1863. 
 
 Jan. 1. — President Lincoln issues his Emancipation 
 Proclamation. ^ 
 
 Ma_y 3. — Battle of Chancellorsville. 
 
 May 10. — Stonewall Jackson died at Richmond. 
 
 May 18. — General Grant invests Vicksburg. 
 
 May 28. — The first Colored Regiment from the North 
 left Boston. 
 
 June 15. — Rebels invade Pennsylvania. President Lin- 
 coln calls for one hundred thousand more men to repel in- 
 vasion. 
 
 July 3. — Third and last day of the battle of Gettys- 
 burg, Pa. 
 
 Jul}' 4. — Vicksburg surrenders to Gen. Grant. 
 
 Jul}' 8. — Surrender of Port Hudson to General Banks. 
 
 July 13. — Commencement of the great Draft Riot in 
 New York. 
 
 July 14. — Draft Riot in Boston. 
 
 Aug. 12. ^Robert Toombs publishes a letter exposing 
 the bankruptcy of the Southern Confederacy. 
 
 Aug. 17. — Grand bombardment of Fort Sumter com- 
 menced by the Yankees. 
 
 Oct. 17. — President Lincoln calls for three hundred 
 thousand more men. 
 
 Oct. 19. — Dedication of the National Cemetery at 
 Gettysburg. 
 
 Oct. 28. — Battle of Lookout Mountain. 
 
 Nov. 25. — Third and last day of the battle of Chatta- 
 nooga ; results in the complete rout of the enemy. 
 
 Dec. 4. — Long-street's retrea,t from Knoxville, Teuu. 
 
 Dec. 8. — President Lincoln issues his Amnesty Proc- 
 lamation. 
 
1872 SYNCHROLOGY. 217 
 
 18G4. 
 
 Feb. 1.— Draft ordered for 500,000 men. 
 
 March 9. — Major General Grant receives his commis- 
 sion as Lieutenant General from President Lincoln. 
 
 March 12. — General Grant appointed Commander-in- 
 Chief of the United States Army. 
 
 March 15. — President Lincoln calls for two hundred 
 thousand more men. 
 
 May 11. — General Grant " proposes to fight it out on 
 this line." 
 
 May 27. — Lee retreats towards Riclimond. 
 
 May 28. — Great battle between Sherman and Long- 
 street. 
 
 June 19. — Pirate Alabama sunk by the U. S. S. Kear- 
 sarge. 
 
 June 22. — House of Representatives resolved to abolish 
 Slavery. 
 
 July 13. — Rebel General Forrest defeated infiveditier- 
 ent battles in three days. 
 
 Jul}^ 22. — Hood attacks Sherman's lines around At- 
 lanta ; Rebel loss, 20,000. 
 
 Aug. 5. — Farragut's great victory in Mobile Bay. 
 
 Sept. 1. — General Hood evacuates Atlanta. 
 
 Oct. 7. — The Pirate Florida captured by U. S. S. Wau- 
 chusett. 
 
 Oct. 19.— Battle of Cedar Creek. 
 
 Nov. 5. — General Butler assumes command in New 
 York City, to meet existing emergencies. 
 
 Nov. 8. — President Lincoln re-elected. Gen. McClellan 
 resigns his commission. 
 
 Nov. 9. — Sherman begins his march through Georgia. 
 
218 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1872 
 
 1.SG5. 
 
 Jan. 15. — Capture of Fort Fisher, Wilmington Harbor. 
 
 Feb. 18.— Charleston, S. C, occupied. 
 
 March 2. — Sheridan defeated Early, and captured over 
 a thousand of his men. 
 
 April 2. — Assault along the whole line in front of 
 Petersburg ; twelve thousand prisoners and fifty pieces of 
 artillery captured. 
 
 April 3. — The Union forces under General Weitzel 
 occupy Richmond. 
 
 April 9. — Surrender of General Lee and his whole arni}^ 
 to General Grant. 
 
 April 14. — Assassination of President Lincoln by J. 
 Wilkes Booth, an actor, and attempted murder of W. H. 
 Seward, Secretary of State. 
 
 April 15. — Death of President Lincoln. 
 
 April 2G. — J. Wilkes Booth is killed, and PLarrold, an 
 accomplice, is taken. Surrender of Gen. Johnson and all 
 the troops in his department to Gen. W. T. Sherman. 
 
 May 10. — Jeff. Davis captured under peculiar circum- 
 stances. 
 
 POPULATION. 
 
 Barnstead, as we have seen, was Chartered in 1727; 
 was incorporated in 1727 ; is in Belknap County, N. H. ; 
 is 18 miles northeast of Concord, and 500 miles from 
 Washington City. Its population in 1840 Avas 1,945 ; in 
 1850 it was 1,848 ; in 18G0 it was 1,885 ; in 1870 it was 
 1,544. 
 
1872 WAR AGAIN. 219 
 
 THE GREAT REBELLION. ^ 
 
 This conflict was prompted by an inordinate ambition 
 in tlie slave state leaders, who songht to extend and per- 
 petnate their pecnliar institution, an institution on which 
 they had for many j^ears been combined and confederated, 
 and who, by force of it, undertook to overturn the Govern- 
 ment and to make tliemselves conquerers, 
 
 Barnstead was not indifferent to the public weal in 
 such an emergency. In the war of the Revolution her 
 sons had acted well their part. It is worthy of praise that 
 b}' the *■' test list " of that day, not a man could be found 
 within the lines of Barnstead, who was not ti'ue to the 
 Constitution, and ready to help fight the battles of his 
 conntrj'. (See Appendix, C.) 80 it was in the conflict of 
 1812, and so it has ever been, and thus, as we trust, it 
 ever will Ije. The soldiers of Barnstead who gave battle 
 against the Rebellion were as follows : 
 
 THREE months' MEN. 
 
 First Regiment, N. H. Vols. — "VVra. B. Aikin, Frank 
 Sleeper, George H. Bridges, Dudley. 
 
 First Regiment, N. H. Heavy Artillery, (3 3'ears). — 
 William Brimage. 
 
 Fourth Regiment, N. H. Vols. (3 3'ears). — Enos Geo. 
 Hodgdon, killed in battle. 
 
 THREE years' MEN. 
 
 Eighth Regiment, N. H. Vols. — Henry H. Huse, Captain 
 at first, then a Major. John H. Greenwood, Sergeant at 
 
220 
 
 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 
 
 1872 
 
 first, then a Lieutenant, killed in battle. Samuel J. 
 Smart, Sergeant at first, then a Lieutenant, died in camp. 
 
 Daniel D. Hanscoin, re-enlist- 
 ed. 
 
 Frank Sleeper, re-enlisted. 
 
 Lewis M. Jackson, died of 
 wounds received in battle. 
 
 Rufus Clark. 
 
 James E. Bunker. 
 
 Smith Davis, re-enlisted. 
 
 Thomas M. Huse. 
 
 John S. Hill, re-enlisted. 
 
 Daniel Lewis, re-enlisted. 
 
 James E. Moses, re-enlisted. 
 
 Benjamin R. Munsey, died. 
 
 John T. G. Smart, died in camp. 
 
 Samuel G. Shackford. 
 
 Chas. H. Williams, re-enlisted. 
 
 Albert Davis, re-eulisted. 
 
 William B. Aikin, re-enlisted. 
 
 David A. Littlefield. 
 
 John M. Smart, died in camp. 
 
 This regiment left New Hampshire in January, 1862 ; 
 their service Avas in Louisiana. 
 
 Twelfth Regiment, N. IL Vols, (o years). — Colonel, 
 Thomas E. Barker. First enlisted in Co. B, 2d N. H., 
 was in all the battles of his regiment, except Gettysburg, 
 was captured at Bull Run, was ten months in Salisbury 
 prison, N. C, and afterwards recruited a comiian}- in Barn- 
 stead and Gilmanton in six days, commanded it, and was 
 then promoted to the command of his regiment, was 
 wounded at Chancellorsville, served during the war and 
 was discharged with his regiment in 1865 ; resides now at 
 Lynnfield, Mass. 
 
 Benjamin F. Chesley. 
 
 Calvin Pitman. 
 
 Jonathan McNeal. 
 
 Winsor P. Huntress, killed in 
 
 battle at Chancellorsville. 
 Joseph W. Hill, died of wounds 
 
 received at Cold Harbor. 
 John S. Hayes, died of wounds 
 
 received at Chancellorsville. 
 
 Arthur C. Newall, a medical ca- 
 det, then assistant surgeon. 
 
 Thomas Moore, wounded. 
 
 John L. Garland, killed in bat- 
 tle. 
 
 Calvin Chesley. 
 
 George W. Pitman. 
 
 John L. Piper. 
 
 George W. Aiken, died. 
 
1872 
 
 THE REBELLION. 
 
 221 
 
 Joseph N. Bimker, killed at Cold 
 Harbor. 
 
 Thomas J. Pierce, died of 
 wounds received at Cliaucel- 
 lorsville. 
 
 Joseph Peudergast, died. 
 
 Alviu D. Hall. 
 
 Solomon W. Young. 
 
 William T. Knight, killed at 
 Gettj'sburg. 
 
 Moses Bickford. 
 
 J. M. Tasker, a color-bearer, 
 wounded at Chancellorsville, 
 and then a Lieutenant, trans- 
 ferred to the Invalid Corps. 
 
 David Sackett.' 
 
 Hem-y H. Emerson. 
 
 Melvin Jenkins. 
 
 J. H. Edgerly. 
 
 Horace M. Parshley. 
 
 Arthur L. Bickford. 
 
 George Jones. 
 
 Solomon Clark. 
 
 Joseph C. Russell. 
 
 Wm. H. Berry, died of wounds 
 
 'at Chaucellorsville. 
 Geo.T.Munsey, died of wounds 
 
 at Chaucellorsville. 
 Noble Sackett. 
 Charles H. Pickering. 
 C. H. P. Young. 
 Wm. LI. Shaw. 
 Horace Edgerly, a private, 
 
 then a Lieutenant. 
 Horace Munsey, died in tlie 
 
 service. 
 
 Tbe above regiment served in Virginia from Sep- 
 tember, 1SG2, up to tlie close of the war. 
 
 Thirteenth Regiment, N. H. Vols. (3 years).— Lafay- 
 ette Place. 
 
 NINE MONTHS MEN. 
 
 Fifteenth Regiment, N. H., Vols.— Thomas M. Huso, 
 First Lieutenant ; Christopher C. Pickering, Second Lieu- 
 tenant. 
 
 AVilliam A. Frye. 
 George W. Blake. 
 Jeremiah E. Emerson. 
 George H. Emerson. 
 Hanson H. Young. 
 .James M. Jones. 
 John F. Chesley. 
 
 John Hill, died. 
 D. L. Huse, died. 
 Charles W. Adams. 
 Orrin F. Chesley. 
 J. F. Parker. 
 Royal Boyuton. 
 Albert S. Buzzell. 
 
222 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1872 
 
 Timothy Blake, Jr. Jobu C. Mason, died, 
 
 William A. Chesley. Hazeu D. Nutter, died. 
 
 Jaeob Lord. 
 
 This regiment did service in Louisiana. It left New 
 Hampshire for the seat of war in October, 18(52. 
 
 OXE year's men. 
 Eighteenth Regiment, New Hampshire Volunteers. 
 
 Horatio G. Shackford. Charles Kaime. 
 
 Samuel H. Clark. Horace Cough. 
 
 Geoi'ge W. Blake. James C. Kaime. 
 
 Eli H. Foss. Noble Sackett. 
 
 Alvah O. Adams. Nathaniel Blaisdcll. 
 
 Wm. F. Hauscom. James C. Ham. 
 
 This regiment left New Hampshire in'September, 18G4, 
 for Virginia, and served through the war. 
 
 NAVY. 
 
 Charles Hill of Barnstead served in the United States 
 Navy, and was one of the crew of the Kearsarge. He par- 
 ticipated in that fitmous onset which destroyed and sunk 
 the Alabama. 
 
 SURGEONS. 
 
 During the Rebellion Barnstead furnished surgeons as 
 follows: John Wheeler, M.D., Acting Assistant Surgeon, 
 U. S. A. ; Thomas H. Wheeler, do., Laban M. Sanders, do. 
 
 Miss Harriet P. Dame served against the rebellion. 
 She was the daughter of James C. Dame of Barnstead, 
 went to the seat of war in June, 18G1, and continued there 
 
1872 THE REBELLION. 223 
 
 a friend to the sick and wounded, advising and assisting 
 them as a nurse up to its final end. A part of the time 
 she acted as an agent in the receipt and distribution of 
 supplies to the sick and wounded soldiers of New Hamp- 
 shire. 
 
 This town, in the year of the rebellion, sent to the war 
 one hundred and seventy enlisted men, a fraction more 
 than one to every ten of its inhabitants. 
 
 In view of the patriotism, endurance, and self-sacrifice, 
 evinced by such a record, we are vividly reminded of the 
 noble hero referred to in Pope's Homer : 
 
 '' The gallant man, though slain in fight he be, 
 Yet leaves his country safe, his nation free. 
 Entails a debt on all the grateful state. 
 His own brave friends shall glory in his fate; 
 His wife live honored, and all his race succeed, 
 And late posterity enjoy the deed." 
 
 MARCH OF IMPROVEMENT. 
 
 From the landing of the pilgrims to within the last 
 fifty years there had been but little change in the order of 
 things generally, except Avhat the revolution had inaugu- 
 rated. There had been but few inventions and but few 
 improvements. "Old Time" had jogged on as ever before ; 
 taxes were low, the country was becoming populous, peace 
 and prosperity abounded, and there appeared to be no in- 
 clination to diverge from the beaten track of the ancient 
 fathers. Parents and children alike were taught to revere 
 
224 HISTORY OF BARXSTEAI). 1872 
 
 their Maker, their Bible, and their minister, and to Iveep 
 the Sa1)bath holy. Noah Webster's Spelling-book and a 
 copy of the New Testament were the primitive books, and 
 all that were deemed necessary for the scholar in which to 
 liecome a good reader. 
 
 The old-fashioned school-house, with its large open fire- 
 place, was then thought to be sufficiently commodious for 
 the youths of that day. The simple friction match, now 
 everywhere used, was then unknown. If the fire went out 
 at night, it must be procured at the nearest neighbor's, or 
 obtained from the steel-and fiint Ijy casting a spark upon 
 l)urned tinder, or by flashing fire from the old gun into tow 
 or flax suspended above it, and thus to catch and kindle 
 it. There were no stoves, nothing but the huge fire-place, 
 in which to place a large back-log and liack-stick with a 
 fore-stick resting on iron dogs, and the smaller combus- 
 tibles filled in between them. The cooking was done on 
 the fire, the potatoes sometimes being, roasted in its em- 
 bers. The baking was in the great brick oven, though 
 occasionally it was done in the old " Dutch-oven " over the 
 fire or in pewter plates in front of it. 
 
 The farmer's wood was green, usually unhoused, lying- 
 in piles about the doorwaj^ Green wood, though slow to 
 kindle, was preferred to the dry, as it made the hotter fire. 
 At the fireside on a winter's evening groups of children, 
 and often the more aged neighbors, would gather, and en- 
 joying the fire "fair blazing," would amuse themselves 
 with stories and riddles, or otherwise discourse upon the 
 A'aried incidents of the day. 
 
 Among the middle-aged conversation would sometimes 
 take direction to their business affairs, their nice houses 
 and fat oxen, and now and then to the telling of a bear 
 
1872 MARCH OF IMPROVEMENT. 225 
 
 story, 01" perhaps some heroic or tragical event of the revo- 
 lution. Lights for the evenings of that period were usually 
 the old tallow candle, generally home-made, manufactured 
 by the mother of the family, by dipping the wicks into 
 warm tallow, and repeating the process until the candle 
 was of sufficient size for use. No one at that time knew 
 of a better light. The first oil-lamp used was of tin, hold- 
 ing a pint. It had a nozzle like a teapot, from which the 
 wick extended. A pair of smiffers sometimes attended 
 these lights, but they were somewhat rare. 
 
 Since then more than a half a century has elapsed, the 
 old spelling book and the capacious fire-place are no more ; 
 the use of the white flint stone from the field and the tin- 
 der, the flint-lock to the gun, the Dutch-oven, the pewter 
 plates, the tallow candle and the oil lamp, are all hence- 
 forth to be reckoned among the things that were. The 
 whirl of the great wheel at the hand of the fair maiden 
 that whistled music like the north \find, and that old linen 
 wheel which operated as playing second fiddle to it, are 
 known only to the experience of old age, consigned as they 
 have been to the flames, or to take places in the attics 
 of the old farm-houses. No more is the homespun fulled- 
 cloth used in clothing the family, nor in these days is the 
 linen or tow cloth manufactured by the busy house-wife. 
 How great the change ! 
 
 The mammoth mills of modern erection have diverted 
 the industry of the people. The livelihood and economy of 
 the happy homes of former days, by the creation of man- 
 ufacturing towns and by recent inventions, have taken a 
 diflerent channel. The farmer's sons and daughters, lured 
 by the new order of things, have left him to take up their 
 abodes in cities and villages, tending to his discourage- 
 
226 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 3872 
 
 ment, yet his progress is facilitated by new and improved 
 implements of the workshop and of husbandry, obtained 
 through the artful inventions of the present day. By the 
 invention of the " cotton gin," the power loom, the loco- 
 motive, the telegraph, &e., and by the spirit of enterprise 
 that followed the introduction of them, a new and more 
 progressive life has been inaugurated and is still pro- 
 gressing. 
 
 " Anon advance the riper years of art, 
 In which inventions take decisive part, 
 Wlience generous genius prosecutes the plan, 
 To overcome the drudgery of man ; 
 Malces lifeless things, impelled at his control, 
 To do the duty of a living soul. 
 Hence cotton gins and spinning-jennies fine. 
 Out-run the wooden wheels of olden time. 
 Hence power of steam, applied on sea or land. 
 Expelling labor with a heavy hand. 
 Work startling wonders through mechanic skill, 
 To move the car, the steamboat, or the mill." 
 
 [(See the Merrimac, by Ti. B. Carerbj,p. 01, 62.] 
 
 Indeed how strangely different is our mode of travelling 
 from that of the early times. Instead of the saddle and 
 the pillion which were first in use, and of the old wagon, 
 chaise, gig, and stage coach, which came into use at a 
 later period, the railroad car runs in every direction, 
 affording vast fjxcilities for travel and transportation 
 throughout the land. To make way for the locomotive, 
 the valleys have been sought, the rivers have been spanned, 
 and the hills have been made low and level. 
 
 Perhaps not less strangely different is our present art 
 in painting or taking pictures. Some of us at this day 
 can well remember the old ••' Profile Taker" as he passed, 
 from house to house with his neat little box which con- 
 tained his picture frames, his black paper, &c., and his 
 
A872 MARCH OF IMPROVEMENT. 227 
 
 scissors, and with which to take a side view of the face ; 
 and all at the small price of one shilling and sixpence. 
 Yet even that art then was rare, so that nearly all of the 
 first settlers of Barnstead, when they left the world, left 
 to their descendants nothing in the shape of a likeness. 
 But now, through the channel of inventions, daguerreotype 
 and photograph pictures are common to this people as they 
 are to the whole earth. Quite as strange, also, has been 
 the change in the making of garments, shoes, and other 
 articles, facilitated as all this kind of work has been through 
 modern inventions. The number and extent of the New 
 England manufactnrers, increased in power and facilitated 
 as the}^ are in the vast productions of their enterprises by 
 numerous successive modern inventions, tend, at all times, 
 to excite wonder and admiration. 
 
 The process of manufacturing under modern improve- 
 ments has been briefly described as follows : 
 
 The wheels, 'within the wheel,' with one consent 
 Fly round and round, each on its duty sent; 
 Ten thousand spindles in their places spin. 
 Ten thousand spools fast wind their fibres in, 
 Ten thousand shuttles shoot across the web. 
 Fed by the mules, slow back and forward led : 
 Fast roll the fabrics from the rolling beam. 
 Complete in beauty, true in thread and seam. 
 The sheeting white, the listed broadcloths fine, 
 Neat satinet, and carpets superfine. 
 The gaudy prints and blankets plainer made, 
 For realms remote, for home or foreign trade; 
 Workshops with throngs the vills environ, 
 Magic in power o'er wood, o'er steel and iron ; 
 Alive in thought, and helping one another. 
 Onward in handy art advancing further. 
 Embracing all the works that man can do. 
 Through labor fruitful and inventions new." 
 
 [From R. B, Caverhfs Merrimac, p, 63.] 
 
228 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1872 
 
 BURIAL OF THE DEAD. 
 
 *' Hither let luxury lead her loose-robed train, 
 Here flutter pride ou purple painted wings, 
 And from the moral prospect learn how vain 
 The wish that sighs for sublunary things." 
 
 It was nearly a century after the first settlements before 
 an}^ spot of land was obtained here and designated as a 
 public burying ground. Strange as it may appear, up to 
 that period there seemed but little concern in the minds of 
 our inhabitants upon this subject. While other towns not 
 very far distant were fencing their grave-yards, were con- 
 secrating them, were strewing them with flowers at each 
 return of the spring season, and every year were improv- 
 ing their repositories with shade trees to invite the pilgrim 
 and the sweet songster, how strange it now seems that 
 ours had been so long, so generally delayed. 
 
 Up to the year 1850 there had beeu no public burying 
 ground in Barnstead, its first settlers and their immediate 
 descendants many of them having beeu left to slumber 
 even to the fourth generation in its fields, pastures, lanes, 
 gardens, orchards, and other isolated places, where the 
 cruel plow in the course of time may or may not invade 
 them. Some are honored with a rude unlettered stone. 
 Some have none, and though there are many who have re- 
 spectable monuments with historic inscriptions, still there 
 are scores whose resting places are lost, never again to be 
 watered by aftection's tears, and never more to be traced. 
 
 Such a seeming neglect, however, may well be attributed 
 to causes common to a new country, particularly to the 
 hardness of the times, wherein from necessity often times 
 the future had to be burdened with the duties of the pres- 
 
1872 BURIAL OF THE DEAD. 229 
 
 eut. At that time a fashion seemed to prevail whereby 
 each farmer was led to believe that some corner in his own 
 field was, of all others, the most appropriate place for his 
 venerated dead. 
 
 Of late it has been seen that there is no duty more 
 imperative, and in fact more praise-wortliy, than to cherish 
 with becoming decency the memories of those who have 
 been with us and who have left us. It is becoming to a 
 generous people to give their dead a place in the highlands, 
 or in the shady dell, wliere the cypress and the maple shall 
 cast their shadows, and where the soft sound of the pine 
 tree and the warblings of the wild bird shall be borne on 
 the breeze both at morn and eve ; there let the lily spring 
 up in its beauty, and let tiie wild-rose bloom there in its fra- 
 grance forever. To such a repository tlie pilgrim shall 
 come, and here shall we learn the way that '•'• makes glad 
 the city of our God." Here, also, the human heart taking 
 inspiration from the God of nature, shall learn wisdom ; 
 and while it seeks to contemplate the frailties of this life, 
 it shall be led to anticipate with serene delight the tran- 
 scendant glories of that which is to come. 
 
 To cherish an affection for departed worth, to place 
 over the dust of dear ones a sprig of acacia, or to adorn 
 the grave with a forget-me-not, ever serves to strengthen 
 the tie between the li^•ing and the dead. 'Tis thus the 
 kind mother, the dutiful wife, and the affectionate child, 
 though dead, are called back to commune with us in the 
 chambers of love and in beautiful visions. 
 
 Old time, as we have seen, has levelled the turf upon 
 the graves of many of the old fathers, yet they rest in peace. 
 
 " The breezy call of incense-breathing Morn, 
 
 The swallow's twitt'riug from the straw -built shed, 
 The cock's shrill clarion, or the echoing horn, 
 No more shall rouse them from their lowly bed. 
 
230 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1872 
 
 '■ For them no more the blazing hearth shall burn, 
 Or busy house-wife ply her evening care, 
 No children run to lisp their sire's return, 
 Or climb his knees the envied kiss to share." 
 
 [Gray's E2egy.] 
 
 At the Parade there was a private burial lot, owned 
 fli'st by John Bunker and afterwards bj^ his son Eli, next 
 by his son Abraham, which still exists in the right of the 
 fifth generation. This ground, as if by common consent 
 of its proprietors, has from time to time been used for 
 burials by a few families for nearly a hundred years. 
 There is now and then a marble slab in it. Being private 
 property, however, it is ever exposed to the liability of 
 being invaded, neglected, discontinued or desecrated. 
 Improvements are progressing. Since 1850 four public 
 cemeteries have been established, one at the Centre, one 
 at North Barnstead, one at Clarktown, and one at the 
 Parade. 
 
 In that j'^ear a large circle of ladies obtained the means 
 and established the cemetery situated on Lord's Hill, about 
 fifty rods east of the Parade Church, fenced it, divided it 
 into lots, ornamented it with shade trees, and left it alone 
 to await and receive the advancing generations. 
 
 All honor to the ladies of that hour ! long life to those 
 of them who still live ! and peace, sweet peace, to the 
 ashes of those who sleep ! 
 
 Quite a number of the dead from the old grounds have 
 already been taken to the new, where many of the lots 
 have been purchased and ornamented as becomes a gener- 
 ous, pious people. 
 
 Soft is the peace of saints, in peace they lie ; 
 They rest in silence, but they never die I" 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 Jeremiah Peabody Jkwett, who collected the material 
 and started this history, had been for many years a mem- 
 ber of the New England Genealogical Society. A brief 
 account of his father's family will be found on page 152. 
 They descended from Joseph Jewett, one of the first set- 
 tlers of Rowle}', Mass. The father, as we have seen, was 
 one of the first settlers of Barnstead, and died there in 1836. 
 His mother. Temperance (Dodge) Jewett, was a sister to 
 Judith Dodge, the mother of George Peabody, well-known 
 to the world as a banker in London. The mother is still 
 living at the age of a hundred years and upwards. 
 
 Dr. Jewett obtainec J his common school education at his 
 native village, and in 182G-7 attended PhiUips P^xeter 
 Academ3^ His principal instructor there was John Adams. 
 Afterwards he read medicine with his father. Then, for a 
 year or two, he was the medical student of Dr. J. Spoffbrd, 
 of Groveland, and in the years 1831-2 he was a student 
 in the medical department of Dartmouth College, under 
 
232 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1872 
 
 the instruction of Messrs. Muzzey and Oliver. He received 
 his diploma there, and in March, 1833, made Lowell his 
 place of residence and practice. He was a Fellow of the 
 Massachusetts Medical Society, and was for a considerable 
 time President of the Medical Society of " The Middlesex 
 District." For many years he was special coroner in the 
 citj'' of Lowell, sometimes represented it in the Massachu- 
 setts legislature, and sometimes in the branches of its own 
 city government. 
 
 Mrs. Jewett was Miss Harriett E. Loomis, of Windsor, 
 Connecticut. Their sons and daughters now living are 
 Emma L., Henrietta A., Thomas P., Joseph D., and Alice 
 A., the youngest at the age of five years. 
 
 The Doctor's health began to decline in the autumn of 
 1868. He suffered of dropsy, of which he died June 23, 
 1870. His funeral was attended on the 27th by a large 
 concourse of people. And then b}' the " old residents " of 
 his adopted town he was borne away to the banks of the 
 " old Concord," and to a peaceful rest in the shades of the 
 Lowell Cemetery. 
 
 Brisk blow, ye bleak winds, bring a song, 
 
 Celestial vespers, sweet and clear, 
 Wave wide ye bending woods along, 
 
 In love to lay your garlands here I 
 
 And you, ye wild birds, often sad, 
 
 In little songs if not in tears. 
 Forget ye not my honored dead, 
 
 As wane away the eternal j'ears. 
 
 Let lilies fragrant fill the ground. 
 Lovely for age shall live the sod I 
 For here, indeed, a friend is found, 
 A man, the noblest work of God. 
 Jitne 27, 1870. R. B. C. 
 
1872 OF ITS DEAD. 233 
 
 t 
 
 NECROLOGY. 
 
 Through the generous aid of a lady, Mrs. M. H. W., 
 we have ol)tained quite an elaborate account of the dead 
 of Barnstcad. It covers nearly the whole period of the 
 existence of the town, and details to a certain extent the 
 out-goings of its young men and maidens as well as of 
 its old men and matrons ; and while it bears upon its pages 
 the names both of citizens and soldiers, it does not lose 
 sight of its wizards and witches. 
 
 The ashes of " Old Peggy " , are still found to be 
 
 reposing upon the Drew farm, and old " Aunt Nabby " 
 
 , as of yore, sleeps silently beneath a pine tree near 
 
 the Suncook bridge. Though " witches they were," yet 
 in our faith they at this hour occup}^ a place as high at 
 the throne of Heaven as the kings and queens of their 
 time. 
 
 It is a significant caution to the pride of earth, that at 
 the grave, all are intended to be made equal. 
 
 And this is all !— vain wealth may fry 
 To rear her monuments on high. 
 
 In gorgeous grandeur, clever; 
 But where the balmy woodlands sigli, 
 And the dead are equal far and nigh, 
 
 Best— rest is sweeter, never ! 
 
 The said Peggy in her day, as tradition tells us, was 
 greatly troublesome to her neighbor, that " she prevented 
 his cow, that would not give good milk ;" that "she forbade 
 the cream, and it refused to turn to butter," and the like. 
 Tradition also informs us " that at the same moment when 
 
234 
 
 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 
 
 1872 
 
 our poor old Nabby was c<)nsignecl to the earth, a spacious 
 flock of crows flew rapidly over her, and that a tempestu- 
 ous gale of wind followed them." 
 
 At this day it is pleasant to know and feel that the 
 credulous years that followed New England witch-craft in 
 its terrible dream, are forever at an end. 
 
 Prior to 1803 Barnstead had no record of interments. 
 After this date, up to 18G0, in an account kept by Parson 
 George, the number given is 1320. Since then, by a 
 record as kept by Rev. William O. Carr, 282 deaths have 
 been added to the list, which in the whole, as taken, 
 numbers 1G02. 
 
 In the following table we are mostly confined to those 
 whose ages and dates of death are giveu : 
 
 Date. 
 
 
 Age. 
 
 Date. 
 
 
 Age. 
 
 1777 
 
 Samuel Clark, 
 
 — 
 
 1811 
 
 William Nutter, 
 
 55 
 
 1784 
 
 Peter Edgerly, 
 
 21 
 
 
 Anna, his widow. 
 
 
 1795 
 
 Samuel Avery, 
 
 76 
 
 
 in 1813, 
 
 53 
 
 1796 
 
 John Pendergast, 
 
 15 
 
 
 Hetty Pickering, 
 
 
 
 Jonathan Buuker, 
 
 67 
 
 
 wife of Stephen, 
 
 71 
 
 
 Sarah, his widow. 
 
 
 
 Moses Dennett, 
 
 57 
 
 
 in 1825, 
 
 96 
 
 
 Betsey, his widow, 
 
 
 1797 
 
 Stephen Pendergast 
 
 68 
 
 
 in 1852, 
 
 90 
 
 
 Betsey, his widow, 
 
 
 1812 
 
 Samuel Nelson, jr.. 
 
 24 
 
 
 in 1836, 
 
 99 
 
 1814 
 
 David Rand, 
 
 70 
 
 
 John Tasker, 
 
 
 
 Thomas Edgerly, 
 
 85 
 
 1798 
 
 Dorothy Edgerly, 
 
 
 
 Datharuah,his wife. 
 
 
 
 wife of Samuel, 
 
 26 
 
 
 in 1808, 
 
 78 
 
 1799 
 
 John Clarlv, 
 
 — 
 
 
 David Drew, 
 
 30 
 
 
 Dr. Joseph Adams, 
 
 78 
 
 1814 
 
 Lieut. James Brown 
 
 , 50 
 
 1804 
 
 David Jacobs, 
 
 48 
 
 
 Patience, his widow. 
 
 
 
 Molly, his widow. 
 
 
 
 in 1828, 
 
 52 
 
 
 in 1848, 
 
 92 
 
 1815 
 
 Mrs. Bunker, mother 
 
 
 1805 
 
 James G. Kaime, 
 
 40 
 
 
 of Joseph, 
 
 106 
 
 
 Hannah, his wife. 
 
 
 1817 
 
 Charles Hodgdon, 
 
 75 
 
 
 in 1795, 
 
 29 
 
 
 Hannah, his wife, 
 
 
 1810 
 
 Moses Eand, 
 
 70 
 
 
 in 1790, 
 
 57 
 
 1811 
 
 Thomas Emerson, 
 
 37 
 
 
 Abigail, his widow. 
 
 
 
 Henry Munsey, 
 
 75 
 
 
 in 1830, 
 
 83 
 
 
 Samuel Nelson, 
 
 73 
 
 
 Mrs. Joseph Bunker 
 
 107 
 
IAT2 
 
 NECROLOGY. 
 
 Dato. 
 
 Age. 
 
 Date. 
 
 1817 
 
 Nathaniel Tasker, 
 
 63 
 
 1828 
 
 
 Sally, his widow, 1837 
 
 56 
 
 
 1819 
 
 Thomas Salter, 
 
 — 
 
 
 
 Mrs. Salter, his wife, 
 
 — 
 
 1829 
 
 
 Samuel Oilman, 
 
 89 
 
 
 
 Joseph Hawkins, 
 
 83 
 
 
 
 Daniel Hall, 
 
 17 
 
 
 
 Solomon Hall, 
 
 15 
 
 
 1820 
 
 Capt. Ebenezer Ad- 
 
 
 
 
 ams, 
 
 35 
 
 
 1822 
 
 James Locke, 
 Abigail, his widow. 
 
 38 
 
 
 
 in Lsr»9, 
 
 82 
 
 1830 
 
 
 Benjamin Emerson, 
 
 77 
 
 
 1823 
 
 Aaron Cheslej% 
 
 69 
 
 
 
 Ruth, his wife, 1818, 
 
 63 
 
 
 
 Sarah Jacobs, wife 
 
 
 
 
 of Isaac, 
 
 21 
 
 1831 
 
 1824 
 
 Susan Hall, wife of 
 
 
 
 
 Benjamin R. 
 
 21 
 
 
 
 Jonathan Roberts, 
 
 55 
 
 
 1825 
 
 John Cheslej', 
 
 83 
 
 1832 
 
 
 John Kenistou, 
 
 21 
 
 
 
 Aaron Chesle.v. 
 
 40 
 
 
 
 Stephen Pickering, 
 
 85 
 
 
 
 Jonathan Emerson, 
 
 76 
 
 
 
 Sarah, his wife, 1810 
 
 68 
 
 
 
 Enoch Clark, 
 
 57 
 
 
 
 Susannah, his wife, 
 
 
 
 
 in ISU, 
 
 39 
 
 
 
 Samuel Pitman, 
 
 89 
 
 
 
 Sarah, his widow. 
 
 88 
 
 
 1826 
 
 Jonathan Clark, jr.. 
 
 29 
 
 
 
 Samuel Clark, 
 
 32 
 
 
 
 Thomas Bunker, 
 
 95 
 
 
 
 Deborah, his wife, 
 
 
 
 
 in 1824, 
 
 91 
 
 1833 
 
 
 Jonathan Cheslev, 
 
 90 
 
 
 
 Mark Walker, 
 
 21 
 
 
 
 Sarah Bunker, 
 
 96 
 
 
 1827 
 
 John B. Parshley, 
 
 84 
 
 
 
 Sarah, his wife, 1823 
 
 , 77 
 
 
 
 John Tuttle. 
 
 75 
 
 
 
 Dolly, his wife, 1825, 
 
 73 
 
 
 
 Stephen Pendergast, 
 
 57 
 
 
 
 Mrs.EzekielEastman,91 
 
 
 
 • Solomon Muusey, 
 
 82 
 
 
 
 Mrs. M., his wife, 
 
 80 
 
 
 235 
 
 Age. 
 29 
 23 
 27 
 62 
 
 Thomas Penny, 
 Noah Pitman, 
 Dr. Wm. Walker, 
 Samuel Garland, 
 Abigail, his widow, 
 
 in 1839, 74 
 
 Temperance Nutter, 70 
 
 Joseph Place, 75 
 Abigail Goodwin, 
 
 wife of David. 32 
 Esther Nutter, wife 
 
 of Hatevil, 77 
 
 Capt. John Daniels, 35 
 Mercy Nutter, wife 
 
 of Benjamin, 81 
 
 Joseph Bunker, 47 
 
 Olive, his wife, 1830, 46 
 Eleanor Colebath, 
 
 wife of Dependence, 81 
 
 Samuel Jacobs, 43 
 
 WiDiam Muncy, 86 
 
 El)enezer Adams, 79 
 
 Timothy Muncy, 83 
 
 Mary, liis wife^ 1830, 80 
 
 Joseph Bunker, 38 
 
 James Locke, 80 
 Mary, his widow, in 
 
 1844, 86 
 Charles J. Hodgdon, 26 
 Timothy Muusey, 83 
 Mary, liis wife, 1830, 80 
 ~Wm. Walker, 73 
 Elizabeth, his wid- 
 ow, in 1843, 82 
 Betsey Towle, 68 
 Benjamin Nutter, 88 
 Peletiah Daniels, 63 
 Mrs. Anna Lyford, 75 
 John Jacobs, 55 
 Mercv Jacobs, wife 
 
 of b. Wiggins, 40 
 
 Joseph Tasker, 77 
 Sallv. his widow, in 
 
 1834, 78 
 
 Daniel Jacobs, 74 
 Margaret, his wife, 
 
 in"l819, 57 
 
 Capt. George Chesley, 51 
 
236 
 
 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 
 
 187 
 
 Date. 
 1833 
 
 1834 
 
 1835 
 
 183G 
 
 1837 
 
 40 
 65 
 
 102 
 
 95 
 41 
 
 42 
 43 
 
 79 
 70 
 
 70 
 
 85 
 
 85 
 82 
 
 1838 
 
 Age. 
 Nancy Jenkins, ^Yife 
 
 of Joseph, 
 John Dnclley, 
 John ritniaii, 
 Susanna, his widow, 
 
 in 1835, 
 Chaiies G. Sinclair, 
 Joanna Kaiine, Avife 
 
 of John, 
 Adonijah Keniston, 
 Olive, Ills widow, in 
 
 1872, 
 Theodore Willey, 
 Abigail Bicldord, 
 
 wife of Moses, 
 Charles Hodgdon, jr. (Jl 
 Temperance, his 
 
 widow, in 1842, 
 Josiah Snell, 
 Wm. Munsey, 
 Anna Dockham, 
 Dr. Jeremiah Jewett, 79 
 Ira Tasker, 37 
 
 Miss Betsey Header, 7G 
 John Davis, 50 
 
 Lyman Hodgdon, 23 
 
 George Hop Nutter, 35 
 Samuel Kand, (JO 
 
 Marv, his widow, in 
 
 1852, 78 
 
 Eeubeu Sanl)orn, C3 
 
 Dea. Ezelviel Edgerly, 72 
 Mary Hatch, wife of 
 
 Hosca, 51 
 
 Aaron Merrill, 02 
 
 Abigail, his widow, 
 
 in 1841, 55 
 
 Joseph Fay, 03 
 
 Olive, his widow, in 
 
 1854, 
 Lois Hoitt, wife of 
 
 Col. James, 
 John Beri-y, 
 Hannah, his widow, 
 
 in 18G4, 
 Wm. Scriggius, 72 
 
 Sally, his wife, in 
 
 1811, 41 
 
 87 
 
 39 
 59 
 
 88 
 
 Date. Age- 
 
 1838 Wm. Garland, 42 
 Lois Brown, wife of 
 
 Robert, 69 
 
 Edward Avery, 58 
 Dependence Colebath,90 
 
 1839 Simon Dow, 77 
 Abigail, his wife, in 
 
 1820, 55 
 Ruth, his second 
 
 wife, in 1829, 59 
 
 John Judkins, 60 
 Abigail, his widow, 
 
 in 1^48, 75 
 
 Samuel Edgerly, 71 
 Betsey, liis widow, 
 
 in 1847, 87 
 
 MollyMuncy, 89 
 
 Abigail rickering, 72 
 
 1840 Mrs^ Noah Robinson, 65 
 Timothy Bunker, 41 
 Margaret, his wid- 
 ow, in 1804, 06 
 
 Major John Nutter, 83 
 Betty, his wife, in 
 
 1817, 02 
 Betsey Hodgdon, 
 
 wife of Lieut. 
 
 Richard Sinclair, 78 
 
 Dennis Pendergast, 76 
 Hannah, his wife, in 
 
 1840, 69 
 
 Josiah Tebbetts, 56 
 Eunice, his widow, 
 
 in 1867, 82 
 
 Ephraini Tebbetts, 86 
 
 Jacolj B. Locke, 40 
 
 1841 Jonathan Durgin, 69 
 Susan, his Avidow, 
 
 in 1855, 82 
 
 Lydia Bachelder, 88 
 
 Solomon Emerson, 24 
 
 John Bunker, 80 
 Polly, his widow, in 
 
 1844. 84 
 Paul Edgerly, 82 
 
 1842 Robert Tebbets, Esq., 83 
 his widow, ju 
 
 1845, . 88 
 
1872 
 
 NECROLOGY. 
 
 237 
 
 Date. Age. 
 
 1842 James Harden, 89 
 Mi's. Aaron Leathers, 83 
 Samuel Ayers, 80 
 Eli IJunkeV, 82 
 Anna, his wife, 79 
 Oilman Louijee, 27 
 Capt. Daniel Bunker, G9 
 Lovey, his witlow, 
 
 in ISGO, 83 
 
 John Clark, 76 
 
 John Hanscom, 57 
 Hannah, hiswido-v, 
 
 in 1S.32, G8 
 John Ilodgdon, 23 
 David Drew, 84 
 Martha W., his wid- 
 ow, in 1855, 95 
 Hannah Drew, wife 
 
 of James, 43 
 
 Paul Emerson, 21 
 
 Peletiali Penny, ,s5 
 
 Mary, his wife, in 
 
 1840, 81 
 
 1843 Dea. Ebenr. Nutter, 87 
 Temperance, his 
 
 wife, in 1829, 70 
 
 Anthony Nutter, 79 
 Annie, his widow, 
 
 in 1844, 8G 
 
 Dollie Drew, 51 
 
 Olive Stevens, GO 
 
 Capt. Seth Walker, 28 
 
 Josiah Shackford, 77 
 Lydia, his widow, 
 
 in 1859, 86 
 
 Samuel Walker, 43 
 Euth, his widow, in 
 
 1852, 49 
 
 1844 Hannah Rand, sec- 
 
 ond wife of Moses, 80 
 
 Joseph Hall, 76 
 Mary, his widow, in 
 
 1845, 71 
 Mary Langley, wife 
 
 of Josepii, 79 
 
 Wm. Walker, jr., 58 
 Betsey, his widow, 
 
 in 1851, 64 
 
 Date. Age, 
 
 1844 Valentine Chapman, 8G 
 Patience, his wid- 
 ow, in 1845, 70 
 
 Abigail Towle, wife 
 
 of Roby, 33 
 Prudence Emerson, 
 
 wife of Eliphalet, 53 
 
 Levi Davis, 87 
 
 Joseph P. Nutter, ir. 28 
 
 Polly L. Pickering, 
 
 wife of Joseph, 57 
 
 1845 Dr. Noah J. T. George, 50 
 Daniel Clark, 45 
 Nancy, his wife, in 
 
 1837, 40 
 
 Eben Pitman, 58 
 Abigail, his widow, 
 
 in 1856, 61 
 John Matt. Nutter, 26 
 Samuel Rollins, 76 
 De))orah, his wid- 
 ow, in 1857, 52 
 John Hill, 59 
 Sallv, his widows in 
 
 1857, 62 
 
 Daniel Clark, 44 
 
 1846 Cyrus F. Oarland, 29 
 Emily, his Avidow, 
 
 in 1850, 27 
 
 John K. Kaime, 30 
 
 John Bodge. 81 
 Mary, his widow, in 
 
 1851, 9o 
 
 Charles Poster, 48 
 Aljigail, his widow, 
 
 in 1868, 7X 
 
 Richard Libby, 2,s 
 
 1847 Alljert E. Hodgdon, 25 
 Rev. Robert Allen, 55 
 Abigail Rollins, wife 
 
 of Samuel, 58 
 
 Samuel Chesley, 39 
 
 John Aikiu, 93 
 Hannah, his wife, in 
 
 1843, 84 
 
 Mrs. Sarah Durgiu, 78 
 
 John Nutter, 42 
 
 Comfort Chesley, 86 
 
238 
 
 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 
 
 1872 
 
 Date. Age. 
 
 1848 Moses Bunker, '35 
 Margaret Wallace, 
 
 wife of Capt. Wm. 45 
 
 Joanna Snell, GS 
 
 Timothy Muncy, 24 
 
 Josepli Drew, 4C> 
 Abigail Hall, his 
 
 widow, in 1872. 02 
 
 Eichard Collins, 79 
 Patience, his wife, 
 
 in 1845, 70 
 
 James Langley, 47 
 Susan, Ills widow, 
 
 in 18G(), 74 
 Sally Tuttle, wife of 
 
 Thomas, 70 
 
 Samuel Eaton, 71 
 
 Joseph Norris, 80 
 Hannah, his widow, 
 
 in 1852, 87 
 
 Phineas Young, 72 
 Dolly, his widow, in 
 
 18(52, 80 
 
 1849 Beuj. Hodgdon, Esq., 82 
 Polly, Ills widow, in 
 
 1858, 82 
 
 Nath. Nutter, 91 
 Dorothy, his widow, 
 
 in 1S55, 89 
 
 Sampson Babb, 80 
 
 Wiuthrop Ayers, 80 
 Euth, his widow, in 
 
 1855, 91 
 
 Daniel Pickering, 75 
 Lois Davis, wife of 
 
 Josiah, 79 
 Miss Sally Pickering, 73 
 
 1850 Wm. J. Stiles, 23 
 John Brown, 49 
 Solomon Munsey, jr. 72 
 
 1851 Permelia Kaime, 
 
 second wife of John, 49 
 
 Joseph E. Nutter, 44 
 
 Benjamin Winkley, 79 
 Elizabeth, his Avife, 
 
 in 1841, GO 
 Betsey, his widow, 
 
 in 1803, 85 
 
 Date. Age. 
 
 1851 Mary IIodgdon,Avife 
 
 of'Wm.^A., 24 
 
 John Bickford, 83 
 
 Andrew Bunker, 67 
 Eel)eeca.his widow, 
 
 in 1853, 07 
 
 Joseph Tuttle, 77 
 Phebe, his wife, in 
 
 1848, 07 
 Wm. B. Wentworth, 50 
 Anna, his widow, 
 
 in 1S07, 72 
 
 John Holmes, 62 
 
 Nancy Peudergast, 84 
 
 Joseph S. Ayers, 49 
 
 Andrew Pickering, 70 
 
 1852 Samuel B. Proctor, 30 
 James B. Peavy, 74 
 Hannah, his widow, 
 
 in 1S55, 71 
 
 Levi ("hase, 82 
 Lvdia, his wife, in 
 
 1845, 71 
 
 Joshua Pickering, 35 
 
 Solomon Hall, 83 
 Lydia, his wife, in 
 
 1845, 73 
 Lois Wel)ster. wife 
 
 of Nathaniel, 09 
 Marv Ann Hall, wife 
 
 of Alfred, 37 
 
 Jacob Saunders, 02 
 
 Daniel W. Thurston, 20 
 Abigail Langley, 
 
 wife of Henry, 09 
 
 Mrs. Mary Welch, 97 
 Eunice Lyford, wife 
 
 of Eev. Frank H., 20 
 Mrs. Jeremiah Davis, 86 
 Widow Paul Edgerly, 87 
 
 Jacob Pickering, 87 
 
 1853 Nathaniel Adams, 
 
 sou of Dr. Joseph, 82 
 
 Mrs. Betsev. Newell, 89 
 
 Levi Clark, jr., 44 
 
 Jacob Willey. 85 
 Sallv, his widow, in 
 
 1855, 89 
 
1872 NECROLOGY. 
 
 Date. Age. 
 
 Date, 
 
 1853 "Wni. Grover, M.D., 
 
 50 
 
 1855 
 
 Ebeu IVIunsey, 
 
 80 
 
 
 Charles Hodgdon. jr. 
 
 89 
 
 
 Betsey, his wife, in 
 
 
 
 1825, 
 
 42 
 
 
 Mary Muncy, 
 
 70 
 
 
 Chester H. Nutter, 
 
 26 
 
 
 (inCal), 
 
 2G 
 
 
 1854 Elizabeth Roberts, 
 
 87 
 
 
 Mary A. Dauiels, 
 
 28 
 
 
 Jonathan Clark, 
 
 90 
 
 1856 
 
 Temperance, his 
 
 
 
 wife, in 182(], 
 
 56 
 
 
 Mrs. Sally Nutter, 
 
 76 
 
 
 Benjamin Chesley, 
 
 64 
 
 
 Col." John Tuttle, 
 
 70 
 
 
 Sally, his wife, in 
 
 
 
 1825, 
 
 39 
 
 
 Jonathan Keniston, 
 
 83 
 
 
 Sally, his widow, in 
 
 
 
 18G1, 
 
 82 
 
 
 Rev. Jacob Davis, 
 
 68 
 
 
 Louise, his wife, in 
 
 
 
 1839, 
 
 48 
 
 
 Samuel York, 
 
 82 
 
 
 Betsey, his wife, in 
 
 
 
 18-15, 
 
 72 
 
 
 Abigail M. Ayers, 
 
 68 
 
 
 Mary Chesley, wife 
 
 
 
 of Henry, 
 
 56 
 
 1857 
 
 Jeremiah Davis, 
 
 91 
 
 
 John Tebbetts, 
 
 89 
 
 
 Dorothy, his wife. 
 
 
 
 in 1832, 
 
 68 
 
 
 1855 David F. Eaton, 
 
 49 
 
 
 Eleanor, his wife. 
 
 
 
 in 1827, 
 
 32 
 
 
 Sam'l Webster, Esq. 
 
 , 62 
 
 
 Eliphalet Nutter, 
 
 70 
 
 
 Lovev, his widow, 
 
 
 
 in 'lsGI, 
 
 75 
 
 
 Jethro Nutter, 
 
 91 
 
 
 Mary, his widow, in 
 
 
 
 18G0, 
 
 81 
 
 1858 
 
 Jeremiah Clark, 
 
 85 
 
 
 Sally, his widow, in 
 
 
 
 1857, 
 
 78 
 
 
 Jacob Canney, 
 
 82 
 
 
 239 
 
 Age. 
 
 Thomas Snell, 82 
 
 Thomas Emerson, 40 
 
 Wm. Walker, M, D., 27 
 
 Simeon Lougee, 88 
 Mai-y, his Avife, in 
 
 1811, 38 
 Mary E., his second 
 
 Avife, in 1850, 72 
 Lois Barbour, 80 
 Francis P^lliott, — 
 Isaac Willey, ' 79 
 John Peavey, Esq., 8o 
 Deborah, his wid- 
 ow, in 1865, 87 
 Thomas Proctor, 77 
 Martha, his wife, in 
 
 1825, 41 
 Comfort, his second 
 
 wife, in 1847, 66 
 
 John Pitman, 86 
 Shuah, his wile, in 
 
 1850, 79 
 
 Perkins Ayers, 72 
 Mary Morgan, wife 
 
 of Reuben, 71 
 
 Jonathan Moore, 58 
 
 Charlotte, his wife, 54 
 
 Nathaniel Pickering, G3 
 
 Polly his wife, 44 
 Betsev Webster, 
 
 wife of Robert, 36 
 Lillis Runnels, wife 
 
 of Israel, G2 
 
 Leonard Clark, 28 
 
 Henry Nutter, 75 
 Sarah, his wife, in 
 
 1853, 73 
 
 Jenny Muusey, 82 
 
 It^iaac Kenney, 38 
 
 Wm. Berry, 57 
 Tamson, his widow, 
 
 in 1872, 69 
 
 Stephen Hussey, 79 
 
 Wm. A. Hoitt, 27 
 
 Charles F. Bunker, 29 
 
 Ebenezer Munsey, 80 
 Mary, his wife, in 
 
 1858, 69 
 
240 
 
 HISTORY OF BARN STEAD. 
 
 1872 
 
 Date. Age. 
 
 1858 Josiah Pitman, 83 
 Susan, liis wife, iu 
 
 1858, 82 
 
 Sarali Pcndergast, 90 
 
 LoiiUK'l Bimker, 85 
 Sallv, his wife, in 
 
 1857. 82 
 Eliza Webster, wife 
 
 of Caleb, 43 
 
 1859 Nath. Blaisdell, G2 
 Abigail Hall, wife of 
 
 of Eben, 54 
 
 Rev. Enos George, 78 
 Soi)hia, his wife, in 
 
 1858, 70 
 Eliphalet Berry, 61 
 Solomon Clark, 7G 
 Sarah, his widow, 
 
 in 18G8, 75 
 
 John Sanliorn, 82 
 Polly G. Pierce, 
 
 wife of Ilarve}', 53 
 
 John Thurston, GG 
 Hannah, his widow, 
 
 in IS{;8, 75 
 Lucy Drew, second 
 
 wife of James. GO 
 
 Wm. H. Elliott, 52 
 
 Moses Bicklord. 93 
 
 KsiiO Thomas P. Hodgdon, GO 
 
 Abi'am Bunker, 75 
 Polly, his widow, in 
 
 1870, 81 
 Jonathan Pitman, 44 
 Joseph Pendergast, 86 
 Nancy Bickford, 
 
 wife of John, 84 
 
 18G1 Gen. Timothy Dow, 64 
 Marv, his widow, in 
 
 1871, 76 
 George Nutter. 68 
 Wni. Shaw, 71 
 Nancy, his wife, in 
 
 1872, 80 
 John Colebath, 95 
 Lettice, his wife, in 
 
 1852, ' 85 
 
 John Garland, 56 
 
 Date. 
 1861 
 
 1862 
 
 1862 
 1863 
 
 1864 
 
 Age. 
 
 Mary E. Pierce, 35 
 
 John M. Nutter, 62 
 
 Jonathan Young, 62 
 
 Moses Hodgdon, 83 
 
 Charles AV.'"Dow, 22 
 
 Polly Nutter, 81 
 
 Leyi Clark. 89 
 Betsey, his wife, in 
 
 1857, 78 
 
 Thomas Pendergast, 78 
 Mary Nelson, his 
 
 widow, in 1865, 86 
 
 Silas Tuttle, 78 
 
 Moses Chesley, 86 
 
 Mrs. Drew, 90 
 
 Rev. Dayid Garland, 71 
 Abiaail. his wife, 
 
 in^l850, 58 
 Thomas J. Pierce, 
 
 (soldier), 24 
 
 Daniel Drew, 67 
 Joseph Pendergast, 
 
 (soldier), 37 
 Lydia, his wife, in 
 
 1850, 20 
 George F. Muusey, 24 
 Wm. H. Berrj-, (sol- 
 dier), 24 
 Horace T. Munsey, 27 
 Alice Foss, wife of 
 
 Jonathan. 72 
 George xiikin, (sol- 
 dier), 22 
 Charles Hodgdon, jr. 64 
 Samuel York, jr. 65 
 Mrs. Moses Hodgdon, 91 
 Joseph A. Walker, 63 
 Abigail; his wife, in 
 
 1856, 58 
 
 Stephen Pendergast, 65 
 Ann, his wife, in 1855, 61 
 Pliebe, his Ayidow, 
 
 in 1869, 64 
 Corp. Joseph Hill, 
 (a soldier wound- 
 ed at ColdHarljor),29 
 Lois Garland, wife 
 
 of Samuel, 64 
 
1872 
 
 
 NECROLOGY 
 
 Date 
 
 
 Ag.-. 
 
 Diite. 
 
 1864 
 
 Aaron Drew, 
 Elizn))c'th, Ins wife, 
 
 71 
 
 1867 
 
 
 iu 1856. 
 
 68 
 
 
 
 Josepli Hall, 
 
 18 
 
 
 
 Lorenzo Hall, 
 
 :>('< 
 
 
 
 Sarali Dow, wife ol 
 
 
 
 
 Jacol), 
 
 di) 
 
 
 
 Timothy Emerson 
 
 
 
 
 Hodiidou, 
 
 56 
 
 
 
 Harried Shackfoid, 
 
 
 
 
 wife of Soth, 
 
 51 
 
 
 
 Joseph rickering. 
 
 77 
 
 
 
 Mary Marshall, wife 
 
 
 
 
 of Andrew. 
 
 68 
 
 
 
 E. Clarke Drew. 
 
 45 
 
 
 
 xVaron Chesley, 
 
 36 
 
 
 1SC5 
 
 Dea. Solomon Pen- 
 
 
 
 
 derga,st, 
 
 84 
 
 
 
 Rebecea, his wife. 
 
 
 
 
 in 185C>, 
 
 86 
 
 
 
 Samuel Caswell 
 
 107 
 
 
 
 Benjamin Hoitt, 
 
 71 
 
 
 
 Meliital)le. his wife. 
 
 
 
 
 in lsy3. 
 
 m 
 
 1868 
 
 
 Judith Clark, wife <if 
 
 
 
 
 Wm. S.. 
 
 60 
 
 
 
 James M. Cilley, 
 
 31 
 
 
 
 Edward Pitman, 
 
 57 
 
 
 18(30 
 
 Elijah Emerson, 
 Nal)by, his wife, in 
 
 88 
 
 
 
 1S64, 
 
 83 
 
 
 
 Samuel B. Clark. 
 
 53 
 
 
 
 Annie DaA'is, first 
 
 
 
 
 child l)orn in B.. 
 
 96 
 
 
 
 Esther Duryin. 
 
 09 
 
 
 
 Nancy Pendergast, 
 
 
 
 
 wife of Dea. John, 
 
 58 
 
 
 
 Jeremiah Bodge, 
 
 76 
 
 
 
 Oliver Dennett. 
 
 75 
 
 1869 
 
 
 Dodivah Kaime, 
 
 62 
 
 
 
 Samuel Caswell, 
 
 103 
 
 
 
 Mrs. C, his wife, in 
 
 
 
 
 1866. 
 
 93 
 
 
 
 Samuel Rollins, 
 
 73 
 
 
 867 
 
 Dr. Laljau M. Saun- 
 
 
 
 
 ders, 
 
 34 
 
 
 
 Mary Allen, wife of 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. Levi, 
 
 62 
 
 
 241 
 
 Age. 
 
 92 
 
 Isaac Garland, 
 Lydia, his wife, iu 
 
 1865. 
 John Clark, 
 Henry C. Prime, 
 John Place, 
 Dorathy, his widow, 
 
 in 1870, 
 Thomas Trickey, 
 Asa Clark. 
 Hannah, his wife, iu 
 
 1863. 
 Mary Shackford, wife 
 
 of Josiah, Jr., 
 Capt. Wm. Nutter, 
 Hauuah, his widow, 
 
 in 1869, 
 Nathaniel Blaisdell, 
 Sophia, his wife, iu 
 
 1867, 
 Samuel Durgiu, 
 Sally Hill, wife of 
 
 Robert S.. 
 Richard Garland, 
 Solomon Emerson, 
 Deborah, his wife, 
 
 in 1843. 
 Samuel Pickering, 
 John J. Emerson, 
 Nathan Collins, 
 Ruth, his widow, iu 
 
 1871. 
 Phebe Collins, 
 Col. John Aikin, 
 Henry Munsej^, 
 James Adams, 
 Mrs. Samuel West, 
 Mollv Greeuleaf, 
 Wm. Nutter, 
 Ensign John Nutter, 
 Benjamin Trickey, 
 John R. Jenkins, 
 Azariah Holmes, 
 Moses L. Grace, 
 George A. Hall, 
 William Nutter, 
 Eleanor, his widow, 
 in 1871, 81 
 
 89 
 48 
 28 
 75 
 
 67 
 37 
 43 
 
 44 
 
 71 
 
 78 
 
 75 
 27 
 
 28 
 70 
 
 82 
 75 
 77 
 70 
 72 
 70 
 75 
 71 
 74 
 83 
 27 
 58 
 64 
 30 
 76 
 
242 
 
 HISTORY OF I5ARNSTEAU. 
 
 1872 
 
 Date. 
 
 laoo 
 
 1870 
 
 1871 
 
 Age. 
 Patience Parshlej', 
 
 wife of Joshua, 77 
 Sarah Clou.iih. "wife 
 
 of Caleb, 77 
 
 Martha Nutter, 
 James Foss. 
 Elizabeth Clark, wife 
 
 of John D.. 
 Charles II. Tuttle, 
 
 died of great tu- 
 mors, 
 Samuel Ayers, 
 Nathaniel Nutter, 
 Dolly, his widow, in 
 
 1872, 
 Polly Emerson, wife 
 
 of Moses, 
 Anna Place, wife of 
 
 Joseph, 
 Aaron vSnell, 
 Nathaniel G. Brown, 
 Sally Foss, wife of 
 
 Solomon, 
 Eliphalet Locke, 
 George D. Hill, 
 Betty Drew, wife of 
 
 Jacob, 
 Dorothy Foss, wife 
 
 of Simon, 
 
 20 
 
 50 
 83 
 
 89 
 
 90 
 
 c,s 
 
 102 
 G'.) 
 45 
 
 (15 
 G<) 
 53 
 
 92 
 
 Date. 
 1871 
 
 187 
 
 Joseph Clark, 
 Ira Varney, 
 Mary, his wife, 
 Caroline Webster, 
 
 second wife of Ca- 
 
 lel), 
 David Wiggins Ja- 
 cobs, 
 Betsey, his wife, in 
 
 1868. 
 Mary Berry, wife of 
 
 Samuel B., Esq.. 
 Betsey Tutler, wife 
 
 of John J. , 
 Enoch Locke, 
 Curtis C. Tuttle, 
 Rev. John H. Nutter. 
 Joseph Avers, 
 Samuel Hill, 
 Hannah Nutter, wife 
 
 of Wm. P.. 
 John E. Bunker. 
 
 70 
 70 
 
 r,9 
 79 
 57 
 
 83 
 71 
 
 9i; 
 
 GO 
 G5 
 
 Mr. John Bradley, of Con- 
 cord, N. H., lived and died 
 here, leaving six children, one 
 of whom is the wife of Charles 
 Whitney, Esq., of Lowell, 
 Mass. 
 
1872 TOWN CHARTER. 24^ 
 
 (A.) 
 CHARTER. 
 
 GEORGE BY THE GRACE OF GOD, 
 
 OF GREAT BRITAIN, FRANCE AND IRELAND, 
 KING. DEFENDER OF THE FAITH, &C. 
 
 To all people to wliom tJiese presents shall come: — 
 
 Greeting : 
 
 Know ye that we of our special knowledge and mere 
 motion for the due encouragement of settling a new Plan- 
 tation, by and with the advice and consent of our Council, 
 have given, granted, and by these presents as far as 
 in us lies, do give and grant, in equal shares, unto 
 sundry of our beloved subjects, whose names are entered 
 in a schedule hereunto annexed, that inhabit or shall in- 
 habit within the said grants, within our Province of New 
 Hampshire, all tliat tract of land within tlie following 
 bounds, viz : To begin on the head of the town of Barring- 
 ton, on the southwest side of the town of Coulrane, and 
 running by the said town of Coulrane eight miles, and 
 from the said town of Coulrane to run on the head of Bar- 
 rington line southwest forty-two degrees six miles, and 
 then northwest eight miles, and then on a straight line to 
 the head of the first eight miles, and that the same be a 
 Town, corporate by the name of Barnstead, to the persons 
 aforesaid forever. To have and to hold the said land to 
 the grantees and their heirs and assigns forever, and to 
 such associates as they shall admit, upon the following 
 conditions : 
 
244 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 1872 
 
 1st. That every proprietor buiM a dwelling-liouse 
 within three years and settle a family llierein, ami break 
 up three acres of ground, and plant and sow the same 
 within three years, and pay his proportion of the town 
 charges when and so often as occasion shall require tlie 
 same. 
 
 2nd. That a meeting-house be built for the public 
 worship of God, within the term of f(jur years. 
 
 3rd. That upon default of any particular proprietor in 
 complying with the conditions of this cliarter, upon his 
 part, such delinquent proprietor, shall forfeit his share to 
 the other proprietors, which shall be disposed of according 
 to the major vote of the said proprietors, at a legal meeting. 
 
 4th. That a proprietor's share be reserved for a par- 
 sonage, and another lor the lirst minister of the gospel that 
 is there settled and ordained, and ahother proprietor's 
 share for the benefit of a school in the town. 
 
 Provided, nevertheless, that the peace witli the Indians 
 continues for the space of three years. But if it should 
 happen that a war with the Indians should commence be- 
 fore the expiration of the aforesaid term of three years, 
 then the said term of three years shall be allowed to the 
 proprietors, after the expiration of the war, for the per- 
 formance of the aforesaid conditions, rendering and paying 
 therefor to us, our heirs and successors, or such officer or 
 officers as shall be appointed to receive the same, the an- 
 nual quit-rent or acknowledgement, of one pound of hemp, 
 in the said town, on the 20th day of December, yearly, 
 forever, (if demanded), reserving also unto us, our heirs 
 and successors, all mast trees growing (jn said tract of 
 land, according to the acts of Parliament in that case 
 made and provided, and for the better order, rule and 
 
1872 CHARTER. 245 
 
 government of the said town. AVe do by these presents 
 for ourselves, our heirs and snecessors, grant unto the said 
 men and inhabitants, or those that shall inhabit tlie said 
 town, that yearly and every year, upon the last Tuesday 
 in the month of March, forevei-, shall meet to elect and 
 choose by the major part of tliose present, constables, 
 selectmen, and other town otiicers, according to the laws 
 and usages of our aforesaid Province, and for the calling 
 and notifying the first town meeting, we do hereby ap- 
 point John Downing, Jr., John Fabius and John Knight, 
 to be the first selectmen, and they to continue in said 
 respective offices as selectmen nntil the last Tuesday in 
 the month of March, which shall be in the year of our Lord 
 1728, and until other selectmen shall be chosen and ap- 
 pointed in their stead, in such manner as is. in these 
 presents expressed. 
 
 In Witness whereof, we have caused tlie seal of 
 [l. s.] our said Province of New Hampshire to be 
 
 hereunto affixed. 
 
 Witness, John Wentwouth, p]s(j., our Lieutenant- 
 Governor and Commander-in-Chief in and over our said 
 Province, at our town of Portsmouth, in our said Province 
 of New Hampshire, the twentieth day of Ma}', in tlie thir- 
 teentli year of our reign, anno domhii, 1727. 
 
 J. WENTWORTH. 
 
 By order of his honor, the Lieut. C4overnor, with advice 
 
 of Council. 
 
 Richard Waldron, Clerk of Council. 
 
 Recorded according to original, under the Province 
 seal, this 28th day of March, 1761. 
 
 Theodore Atkinson, Secretary. 
 
246 
 
 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 
 
 1872 
 
 SCHEDULE OF THE PROPRIETORS OF THE 
 TOWN OF BARNSTEAD. 
 
 Kev. Josepli Adams, 
 John Downinii". Jr., 
 James Pickerina'. 
 John Walker, 
 Riehard Downing. 
 John Xutter. 
 Thomas Pickering. 
 Sanuiel Nutter. 
 John Fabius, 
 James Xutter. 
 John Fabius, Jr.. 
 Mathias Nutter. 
 Joshua Pickering. 
 John Knight. 
 John Thompson, 
 Benjamin Walton. 
 Moses Drew, 
 Harrison Downing. 
 John Walliniil'ord. 
 Ilenrv .Vllard, 
 Seth Ping. 
 Thomas Leighton, 
 Joseph Rollins. 
 Josiah Downing, 
 Shadraeh Walton. 
 Benning Wentw<jrth, 
 Hunkiiig Went worth, 
 Jon. Wentworth. Jr., 
 David Wentworth, 
 Benjamin Wentworth. 
 James Jeil'rey. Jr., 
 George Jeft'rey, Jr., 
 Richard Wibird, Jr., 
 Richard Waldrou, Jr., 
 Ebenezer Weare. 
 Jeremiali JMiller. 
 Hatevil Nutter, 
 Hatevil Nutter, Jr., 
 Henry Nutter, 
 John Trickey, 
 Eleazer Coleman. 
 
 Robert Anthmuty. 
 
 John Dam. 
 
 John Dam. Jr., 
 
 Zebulon Dam. 
 
 Richard Dam. 
 
 Elnathan Dam. 
 
 Jethro Bickford. 
 
 Mark Ayers, 
 
 Hatevil Nutter, 
 
 John Zindge, 
 
 Nathaniel Morrill. 
 
 Thomas Ayers, son of Tom. 
 
 John Brock, 
 
 Joshua Downing. Jr.. 
 
 Samuel Hunt, 
 
 John Hunt, 
 
 Thomas Gerrish, Jr., 
 
 Samuel Shackford, 
 
 John Shackford, 
 
 William Fur))er, 
 
 Samuel Fal)ius, 
 
 Moses Furber, 
 
 Benjamin Downing, 
 
 John Decker. 
 
 John Knight, Jr., 
 
 Thomas Trickey, 
 
 Cyprean JertVy, 
 
 John Walton, 
 
 Andrew Peters, 
 
 Jethro Furl)er, 12 n. ton 
 
 Thomas Bickford, 
 
 Samuel Thompson, 
 
 Clem. Messerve, 
 
 Peter Weare, Jr., 
 
 John Plaisted, 
 
 James Davis, 
 
 Jdhn Gillman, Esq., 
 
 Andrew Wiggiu, 
 
 Capt. John Downing. 
 
 William Fellows, 
 
 Capt. John Gillman, 
 
1S7 
 
 PROPRIETORS. 
 
 Joseph Downing, 
 Lemuel Bickford, 
 George Walton, 
 Samuel Walton, 
 Jonathan Downing. 
 Joshua Downing, 
 George Walton, Jr. 
 John Hodgdon, 
 Joseph Fabius, 
 Francis Jenness, 
 Sampson Sheaffe, 
 Matt. Plants, 
 
 Samuel Gerrish, 
 Sanauel Tiljbetts. 
 Ephraim Demerit. 
 Theodore Atkinson, 
 John Sanl)orn, 
 Ebeiiezer Stevens. 
 Eieliard James, 
 James JettVy. 
 Nathaniel Showers. 
 Gill ;\Iaepheadis, 
 Benjamin Clark. 
 Ebenezer Wentworth. 
 
 ADMITTED AS!?OCIATE> 
 
 His Excellency and Honor, John Wentworth, Esq., 
 
 Samuel Shute, Esq. 
 
 Each of them 500 acres and a home lot. 
 
 Col. Mark Hunking, 
 George Jeffrey, 
 Richard Wil)ird. 
 Thomas Westbrook, 
 
 Archibald Macpheadis, 
 John Frost. 
 Jotham (^tdiome. 
 
 Each a Proprietor's Share." 
 
 Entered and recorded from the original Schedule of the 
 Proprietors of the Township of Barnstead, as the same was 
 certified by Richard Waldron, Clerk of Council, this 28th 
 March, 1801. 
 
 Attest, 
 
 Theodore Atkinson, Secretary. 
 
 Secretary of Statk's Office, \ 
 August 18, 1871. i 
 
 A true copy of the record. 
 
 Attest, J. E. Lang, 
 
 Deputy Secretary of State. 
 
248 HISTORY OF BARN'STEAD. ' 1 ^^^ 
 
 (B.) 
 CHURCH CONTRACT, 
 
 OF A FlIiST PROPRIETOR. 
 
 '•'•Contract. — The Record that I took of the aorefinent 
 that I made June the 20th, 1715, with the Committee that 
 were chosen to agree with me about settling in the minis- 
 try at Newington : Articles : 1 ; That my saUarey be 
 ninety Pounds, but as they pleaded the Poverty of the 
 people, and the great charges they had been at in building 
 the meeting-house, I consented to accept 86 Pounds for 
 seven years ; and withal I Promised on their request. 
 That in case I lived a Bachelder and had not a family I 
 would abate also the G Pounds and so accept of 80 Pounds 
 for 7 years aforesaid. 2 : That I ^vas to have my Sallary 
 agreed upon paid in money, and That at 2 payments, 
 That is one half on the last of July as my Sallery began 
 on the 1st of Feb. 1714-15, and the other half on the last 
 of January and so yearly. 
 
 " 3 : It was agreed that I should have the strangers" 
 contribution. 
 
 " 4 : That I should have the Parsonage Cleared fit for 
 the Minister's use and Benefit, that is partlj^ cleared as is 
 connnon in such cases ; and all fenced with a good and 
 sufficient fence : and also to Remain for his use and Ben- 
 efit Dure his natural life. 
 
 " 5 : That they would give me GO pounds to help me in 
 building my house : Together with a Tract of Land lying 
 near Stoney Hill : viz, Behind one William Withain's 
 
1872 CHURCH CONTRACT. 249 
 
 Lands : wch they Promised to give ine a Deed of. That 
 is upon consideration of my settling and being ordained 
 in the ministry at Ncwington. 
 
 "In Testimony of wch agreement we all have signed 
 our names as followetli — 
 
 Joseph Adams, 
 
 Pastor by agreement. 
 
 John KniCxHT, John Knight, Jr. 
 
 William Shackford, John Fabyan, 
 
 John Bickford, John Doavning, 
 John Nutter." 
 
 We find the following account of Mr. Adams given by 
 bis nep.hcw, John Adams (afterward President), in his 
 auto-biography, published some years since by his grand- 
 son, Hon. Charles Francis Adams. Under date of June 
 30, 1770, the diary reads : 
 
 "Arose not very early, and drank a pint of new milk 
 and set off; oated my horse at Newbury, rode to Clark's 
 at Greenland meeting-house, when I gave him hay and 
 oats, and then set otf for Newington ; turned in at a gate 
 by Col. Marches' and passed through two gates more 
 before I came into the road that carried me to my uncle's. 
 
 " I found the old gentleman in his eighty-second year, 
 as hearty and alert as ever, his sous and daughters well, 
 their children grown up, and everything strange to me. I 
 find I had forgot the place ; it is seventeen years, I pre- 
 sume, since I was there. My reception was friendly and 
 ardent, and hospitable, as I could wish ; took a cheerful 
 and agreeable dinner, and then set off for York over 
 
250 HISTOia OF BARNSTEAD. 1872 
 
 Bloody Point Ferry, a way I never went before, and 
 arrived at Woorlbridge's half an hour after sunset." 
 
 Through the same distinguished aiedinm we get a 
 slight view of him as a preacher and a citizen. In a 
 letter to David Sewall, so late as 1821, President Adams 
 says of him : 
 
 " My father's eldest brother, Joseph Adams, (was) 
 minister of that town. My uncle had been a great ad- 
 mirer of Dr. Mather, and was said to affect an imitation 
 of his voice, pronunciation, and manner in the pulpit. 
 His sermons, though delivered in a powerful and musical 
 voice, consisted of texts of scripture, quoting chapter and 
 verse, delivered memoriter^ and without notes. In con- 
 versation he was vain and loquacious, though somewhat 
 learned and entertaining." 
 
 Rev. Joseph Adams took an active and generous 
 interest in public affairs. As early as 1758 he was one 
 of the eight clergymen selected by the congregational 
 convention to apply to Governor Wentworth for a charter 
 for a college within the province of New Hampshire, 
 which was granted in 1769, and was the leading spirit in 
 the settlement of Barnstead. 
 
1872 TEST LIST OF THK REVOLUTION. 251 
 
 (C.) 
 TEST LIST. 
 
 To the Selectmen of Barnstead, Colony of Neio Hamp- 
 shire. 
 
 In Cosimittee of Safety, 
 
 April 12th, 1776. 
 In order to carry the underwritten resolve of the Hon- 
 orable Continental Congress into execution, you are 
 requested to desire all males above twenty-one years of 
 age (lunatics, idiots and negroes excepted) to the decla- 
 ration on this paper ; and when so done, to make return 
 liereof, together Avith the name or names of all who shall 
 refuse to sign the same, to the General Assembly or Com- 
 mittee of Safety of this Colony. 
 
 M. Weare, Chairman, 
 
 In Congress, March 14th, 1776. 
 
 Resolved, That it be recommended to the several 
 Assemblies, Conventions and Councils, or Committees of 
 Safety, of the United Colonies, immediately to cause all 
 persons to be disarmed within their respective colonies, 
 who are notoriously disaffected to the cause of America, 
 or who have not associated, and refuse to associate, to 
 defend by arms the United Colonies against the hostile 
 attempts of tlie British fleets and armies. 
 
 Extract from minutes. 
 
 (Copy.) Charles Thompson, Sec'ry. 
 
 In consequence of the above resolution of the Con- 
 tinental Congress, and to show our determiuation in 
 
252 
 
 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 
 
 1872 
 
 joining our American brethren in defending the lives, 
 liberties and properties of the inhabitants of the United 
 Colonies : 
 
 We, the subscribers, do hereby solemnly engage and 
 promise that we will, to the utmost of our power, at the 
 risk of our lives and fortunes, with arms, oppose the hos- 
 tile proceedings of the British fleets and armies against 
 the United American Colonies. 
 
 Samuel Pitman, 
 Jonathaii Bunker, 
 Thomas Snell, 
 Depeudauce Colbath, 
 Joliii Elliott, 
 John Furber, 
 John Nelson, 
 Joseph Bimker, 
 Joseph Sanborn, 
 Benjamin Edgerly, 
 John Mugate, 
 John Sanborn, 
 
 His 
 
 Daniel x Jacobs, 
 
 Mark. 
 
 Daniel Bickford, 
 John Tasker, 
 John Sanborn, 
 
 His 
 Timothy x Davis, 
 
 Mark. 
 Hatevil Nutter, 
 Jonathan Emerson, 
 
 August 18, 1871. 
 Attest : 
 
 Benjamin Emerson, 
 Richard Sinkler, 
 Benja. Nutter, 
 William Lord, 
 Winthrop Smart, 
 John Iluckens, 
 Isaac Iluckens, 
 Nathaniel Pease, 
 John Bickford, 
 Samuel Drew, 
 John Mudget, 
 Joseph Bryant, 
 His 
 
 Joseph X Mugate, 
 
 Mark. 
 Benjamin Brown, 
 Edward Sanborn, 
 
 His 
 Samuel x Stephens, 
 Jlark. 
 His 
 
 • X Bunker. 
 
 Mark. 
 
 A true copy of the original. 
 J. E. Lang, Dep. Sec'y of State. 
 
 Note. I do not find any return by the selectmen of 
 the names of any disloyal men in Barnstead. j. e. l. 
 
TTI E 
 
 FRIENDS AND PATRONS 
 
 OF THIS WORK. 
 
 BARNSTEAD. 
 
 No .Vols. 
 
 No.Yols 
 
 Hannah Adams, 
 George \V. Ayers, 
 Charles Adams, 
 John Adams, 
 J. F. Aikius, 
 David E. Avery, 
 Joseph Ayers, 
 Joshua W. Ayers, 
 
 C. W. Blanchard, Esq., 
 J. M. Babcock, Esq., 
 Joseph P. Blaisdell, 
 Jeremiah Bodge, 
 Daniel Bickford, 
 Gardner T. Bunker, 
 C. A. Bunker, 
 Henry D. Blake, 
 A. Bickford, 
 
 A. H.Boody, 
 J. P. Bickford, 
 Samuel (i. Berry, Hon. 
 Dennis liablo, Esq., 
 Jolni Blake, 
 
 Ira L. Berry, 
 Freeman Berry, 
 
 \V. O. Carr, Rev., 
 Moses J. Canney, 
 George Colbath, 
 Daniel Chesley, 
 C. C. Chesley, 
 John B. Chesley, 
 
 B. F. Chesley, 
 James H. Colbath, 
 Samuel D. Caswell, 
 William A. Chesley, 
 Isaac H. Clark, 
 Joel Clark, 
 Enoch Clark, 
 
 John H. Clough, 
 Joseph AV. Clark, 
 Horace N. Colbath, 
 Solomon Clark, 
 Reuben H. Clapp, 
 Isaac Chesley, 
 Charles L. Chesley, 
 Judith Caswell, 
 
 James R. C. Davis, 
 Daniel F. Davis, 
 David Drew, 
 Cliarles H. Dow, 
 John Dow, 
 John H. Davis, 
 Herbert C. Downs, 
 
 G. W. Emerson, M. D., 
 Timothy Emerson, 
 R. P. Emerson, 
 Iteuben Edgerly, 
 Cliarles F. Emerson, 
 George W. Emerson, Esq.. 
 S. H. Emerson, 
 Andrew J . Emerson, 
 David H . Evans, 
 Jacob \V. Evans, 
 Eli H. Elliott, 
 Moses Edgerly, 
 
 Oscar Foss, 
 Wm. I. Foss, 
 Charles A. Foss, 
 .Tames L. Foss, 
 James A. Foye, 
 Levi F. French, 
 
 Asa Garland, 
 
 John B. Garland, Esq., 
 
254 
 
 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 
 
 1872 
 
 No. Vols. 
 
 Charle.s S. Grace, 
 David Goodwin, 
 Chas. S. George, Esq., 
 Enos George, 
 
 Joseph Hill, 
 N. E. Huntress, 
 D. B. Hanson, 
 J. X. Hoitt, 
 Hatch & Glidden, 
 William J. Hall, 
 John F. Holmes, Esq., 
 Chas. A. Hodgdon, 
 Samuel Hall, 
 Eben Hanson. Esq., 
 Nellie HaustMinie, 
 Nathaniel Hanson, 
 Mrs. Jlahala Holmes, 
 li. F. Hauscom, 
 (ieorge A. Hall, 
 Jliriam Hodgdon, 
 John B. Hussey, 
 Wm. A. Hurd, 
 Geo. L. Hall, 
 
 J. H. Jenkins, 
 Frank S. Jenkins, 
 William A. Jenkins, Esq. 
 John W. Jenkins, 
 William Jenkins, 
 Orran J. Jenkins, 
 Ebenezer Jones, 
 Lewis Jenkins. 
 Calvin Jenkins, 
 George W. Jenkins, 
 
 James Kaime, 
 Samuel Kaime, 
 John O. Kenisou, 
 Geo. F. Kentson, 
 Geo. W. Keniston, 
 Joseph F. Kaime, 
 
 David E. Eougee. 
 
 Horace W. Lord, 
 
 W. N. Langley. 
 
 John W. V. Locke, Esq., 
 
 Phineas Locke, 
 
 Thomas Moore, 
 Daniel Moore, 
 J. D. Marshall, 
 W. Muusey, 
 
 James Nutter, 
 N. S. Nutter, Esq., 
 S. D. Nutter, 
 William Nutter, 
 John L. Nutter, Esq., 
 James Nutter, 
 Wm. S. Nutter, Esq., 
 Eleanor P. Nutter, 
 Sarah J. M. Neal, 
 
 No.Yols. 
 
 A. P. Nutter, 
 G. F. Nutter, 
 
 Miranda E. I'arsons, 
 
 .I.e. I'ickcring, 
 
 T. U. I'ickering, 
 
 1. M. Pickering. 
 
 Jonathan Pickering. 
 
 William H. Peiree, 
 
 H. C. l^alnier. 
 
 John Pendergast, 
 
 Henry IMtman. 
 
 Samuel G. Pendergast, Esq. 
 
 Hiram T. Pitman, 
 
 T. O. Pitman. 
 
 Daniel I'arshley, 
 
 'J\ Iv. I'roctor, Esq., 
 
 Wm. I'roctor, 
 
 .foseph D. Proctor. 
 
 Christianna Pendergast, 
 
 Jane Pendergast, 
 
 Hiram Rand, 
 Hannah Randett, 
 .Lames M. Rowe, 
 Charles Reynolds. 
 
 L. C. Scruton. 
 Thomas S. Straw, 
 Noble Salkott. 
 A. W. Shackford, 
 Ansel C. Smart, 
 Josiah R. Shackford, 
 Seth Shackford, Esq., 
 Frank Slceiier, 
 Daniel Sargent, 
 George W. Sargent, 
 Charles H. Straw, 
 Samuel G. Shackford, 
 Albert F. Shackford. 
 Fred A. J. Smart, Esq.. 
 
 Daniel E. Tuttle. Esq., 
 AVm. Tuttle. 
 Samuel M. Tuttle. 
 Orran W. Tibbetts, 
 
 John AVheeler, M. D., 
 J. M. Winkley, 
 Joseph Walker, 
 Caleb Willev, 
 John W.Welch. 
 Mark Walker. M. D., 
 Augusta W. Walker, 
 John Walker. 
 Ambrose J. Wentworth, 
 Samuel Winkley, Esq., 
 
 Oliver H. P. Young, 
 John M. Young, 
 John IL Young, 
 Acanthus Young, 
 Samuel P. Young, 
 
18: 
 
 FRIENDS AND PATRONS. 
 
 255 
 
 LOWELL, MASS. 
 
 No. Vols. 
 
 Nathan Allen, M. D.. 
 Otis Allen, Esq., 
 John G. Adams, Rev., 
 A. L. Brooks, Esq., 
 Col. Jeflerson Bancroft, 
 John A. Buttrick, Hon., 
 William Bunker, 
 Ira Caverly, 
 Daniel Caverly, 
 John E. Dame, Rev.. 
 Hanover Dickey, M. D., 
 George JI. Elliott, Esq., 
 William Fiske, 
 Alansdii I'olsom, 
 Cyrus M. Fiske. M. D., 
 Isaac A. Fletcher, Esq., 
 Stephen Fiflekl, 
 D. P. Gage, M. D.. 
 John W. Graves, Hon., 
 John O. Green, M. D., 
 Joseph R. Hayes, Dr., 
 Rufus B. Hilliard, 
 George Hertriek, 
 Moses Howe, Esq., 
 Andrew F. Jcwett, Esq.. 
 Mrs. H. E. Jewett, 
 
 No.Vols. 
 
 Joseph A. Janvrin, Capt., 
 
 E. O. Kingsley, Esq., 
 G. Kimball, M. D., 
 J. A. Knowles, Hon., 
 Andrew Leighton, Esq., 
 Dr. Jos. A. Masta, 
 
 Dr. Geo. C. Osgood, 
 
 F. C. Plunkett, M. D., 
 Dr. John W. Pearson, 
 S.N. Proctor, 
 Samuel Rand, 
 
 Rob't K. Runnels, 
 Geo. S. Richardson, 
 Chas. A, Savory, M, D., 
 Joel Spaulding. M. D., 
 Mrs. S. Spaulding, 
 Mrs. C. Whitney, 
 David Wells, 
 H. Wright, 
 Albert Wheeler, 
 Samuel Horn, Esq., 
 E. B. Patch, Hon., 
 Dr. James C. Ayer, 
 JIarden & Rowell, Pub., 
 Samuel T. Manahau, 
 Geo. W. Adams, 
 
 I'lTTSFIELD, N. II. 
 
 Wm. C. Adams, Esq., 
 P. H. Adams, 
 A. W. Adams, 
 John Berry, 
 Lewis Bunker, 
 Owen Brock, 
 S. H. Clark, 
 Jeremiah Clark, 
 Charles F. Collins, 
 Charles French, 
 R. L. French, 
 Abraham French. 2d, 
 C. S. French, 
 O. F. Ham, 
 Joseph Jenkins, 
 Melvin J. Jenkins, 
 
 o 
 
 J. L. Marsh, 
 
 1 
 
 
 J. P. Nutter, 
 
 2 
 
 
 F. C. Nutter, 
 
 1 
 
 
 Daniel T. Neale, 
 
 1 
 
 
 H. H. Pierce, 
 
 1 
 
 
 AC. Pierce, 
 
 1 
 
 
 G. S. Ring, 
 
 1 
 
 
 G. H. Sanborn, 
 
 1 
 
 
 R. P. J. Tenney, Hon., 
 
 5 
 
 
 H. A. Tattle, 
 
 2 
 
 
 Thomas H. Thorndike, 
 
 1 
 
 
 F. \V. White, 
 
 1 
 
 
 Andrew J. Young, 
 
 1 
 
 
 Everett Jenkins, 
 
 1 
 
 
 A. C. Smith, 
 
 1 
 
 BOSTON, MASS. 
 
 John F. Banchor, F^sq., 
 Geo. S. Banchor, 
 Boston Public Library, 
 Col. Thos. E. Barker, 
 Samuel G. Drake, Hon. 
 Fred. F. French, Esq., 
 D. B. Gove, Esq., 
 
 Wm. Parsons Lunt, Esq., C 
 
 Wm. E. Nutter, 1 
 
 Samuel P. Riddler, Esq., i 
 
 Mrs. L. M. Standish, 2 
 
 Mrs. B. T. Savage, 1 
 
 Miss E. F. Wallace, 1 
 
 James L. Woodhouse, 1 
 
256 
 
 HISTORY OF BARNSTEAD. 
 
 1872 
 
 CONCORD, N. H. 
 
 No.Vols. 
 
 Andrew Bunker, Esq., 
 Mrs. Wm. A. Chesley, 
 Charles Dennett, 
 Geo. S. Dennett, 
 Joseph French, Esq., 
 Mrs. J. P. Hill, 
 Howard F. Hill, Esq., 
 E. S. Nutter, Esq., 
 G. L. Nutter, Esq., 
 
 No.Vols. 
 
 C. D. Newell, 
 I. L. Pickering, 
 Mrs. N. P. Rines, 
 ]Mrs. Stary H. .Smart, 
 Mrs. L. A. Smith, 
 L. D. Stevens, Esq., 
 Wm. Shackford, 
 Mrs. R. S. Webster, 
 Geo. E. Pendergast, 
 
 MANCHESTKR, N. H. 
 
 Lewis W. Clark, Att. Gen., 
 M. V. B. Edgerly, Esq., 
 John C. French, Esq., 
 Seth T. Hill, Esq., 
 H.D. Lord, 
 
 5 
 
 C. H. Marshall, for City Library, 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 J. P. Newell, Esq., 
 
 5 
 
 1 
 
 C. W. Stanley, 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 J. K. Stevens, Esq., 
 
 1 
 
 OTHER FLACKS. 
 
 J. AV. Pickering, Charlestovvn, Ms. 
 John Connell, Gilmauton, N. H., 
 Jeremiali Blake, M. D. " 
 Charles A, Hatch, " 
 
 Isaac G. Piper, 
 Thos. Coggswell, Esq., '• 
 Mrs. John Kent, Portsmouth, N.H. 
 John A. George, Esq., 
 Daniel Marcy, Hon., " 
 
 Lafayette Newall, " 
 
 E. P. S. Sherburne, Esq., " 
 ¥. C. Drew, Esq., Lawrence, Ms., 
 G. AV. Garland, M. D., " 
 Ebenezer Nutter, Lynn. Mass., 
 A. F. L. Norris, Es<},, '• 
 John Huckins, Strafford, N. H., 
 .lohn C. Peavey, Esq., " 
 Mrs. Joseph Caverly, " 
 Mrs. R. B. Peavey, "■ 
 
 Wm. Hale, Esq., Barrington, N.H. 
 Daniel Caverly, Esq., 
 Mrs. Nancy Cox, Holderness, N.H. 
 J. Pi Bunker, Karson, Minn., 
 H. C. Canney, Auburn, N. Hi, 
 N. B. Edwards. M. D., Chelms- 
 ford. JIass., 
 Public Library, Exeter, N. H.. 
 A.( '.Newall, jr. D.,Farmington, Me., 
 Frank Emerson, Esq., 
 Charles H. Pitman, '' 
 
 Eben James, Esq.,Tyngsboro', Ms., 
 John P. Dennett, Gloucester, Ms., 
 Herbert E. Dennett, " 
 
 Natt Head. Esq.. Hook.sett, N. H., 1 
 Lyman Hodgdon. Dover, N. H., 
 George G. Lowell, 
 Jackson Newall, 
 Geo. P. Demerett, 
 •Tohn F. Hayes, 
 Dr. C. M. Murphy, 
 .1. H. Pickering, Salem, Mass.. 
 John Pierce, Esq., Portland, 3Ie.. 
 W. F. Home, Rochester, N. H., 
 Mrs. Ellen Lougee, •' 
 J. P. Rand, M. D., Hartford, Vt,, 
 Spoflbrd D. Jewett, Rev., Middle- 
 field, Conn., 2 
 David F. Kaime, St. Louis. Mo.. 1 
 .Tames Kaime. Canterbury, N. H., 1 
 George Montgomery, Newbury- 
 
 port, Ms., 1 
 
 J. D. Nicliols, M. D., Tewksbury, 
 
 Mass., 1 
 
 A.H.Quint.Rev..New Bedford, Ms., 1 
 Charles Ridler, Maplewood, Ms., 1 
 .John G. Sinclair, Hon., Littleton, 
 
 N.H., 6 
 
 Mary G. Sanborn, South New Mar- 
 ket, N. H., 
 Albert G. Thompson, N. Y. City, 
 Dr. P. H. Wheeler, Alton, N. H., 
 Oliver Waldron, Madbury, N. H., 
 Joseph C. Russell, Laconia, N. H., 
 Geo. W. Woodliouse, " 
 
 Mrs. Mary J. Clogston, " 
 
"^rk, J 
 
 (^ai'~e L 
 
OBLIVION. 
 
 [a search FOli THE RECORD.] 
 
 O, thou unfettered, unforbidden foe 
 
 To man's proud purpose, history or fame ! 
 
 Thou art a bane to all who live below, 
 
 Fearful forslumberings, that never wake again. 
 
 2 
 
 In stealth for aye ye creep creation o'er 
 With a midnight cloud to cover all below it, 
 
 Where generations stood that lived of j'ore 
 In story brave — man never more shall know it. 
 
 3 
 
 High in the hills I stand beneath the gloom. 
 That bilges pendent o'er a bleaky brow. 
 
 To cast a flower on many a crumbling toml). 
 For hearts heroic half forgotten now. 
 
 4 
 
 Give me thine aid, ye Gods of earlj' date, 
 Or native nymph, or spirit from above! 
 
 Snatch from the fangs of unrelenting Fate 
 The fading memories of paternal love I 
 
 5 
 
 Half halting there, beseeching and bes.iught, 
 With harp unstrung in tuneless silence laid. 
 
 A gallant lady to my vision In-ought 
 The grave-yard gates of Barnstead's honored dead. 
 
 33 
 
258 APPENDIX. l'^^- 
 
 6 
 
 " Sing now," said she, " tlie deeds of other days. 
 Wake once again thy tired strings anew ; 
 
 Our fathers old, tlieir rude and rustic ways, 
 Tlieir frugal, faithful pilgrimage review." 
 
 7 
 
 Then straightaway, while dawn in lovely light, 
 Uoth come to gild the pui'ple hills with gold ; 
 
 While mild October from the forest bright 
 Displays proud colorings beauteous to liehold, 
 
 8 
 
 She turns, meanders, where departing night 
 ll.ath spread the vales in pathless peai'ly dews ; 
 
 And where old Time had cast his baleful Ijlight 
 In da3's of yore, — sweet garlands there she strews. 
 
 9 
 
 Down thence afar, in all the varied fields, 
 
 In valley low, in upland fresh and fair. 
 Wild, at her feet the nodding floweret yields 
 
 Obeisance grateful to her presence there ; 
 
 iO 
 
 Where long ago, advancing sad and slowly, 
 Trocessious came, dark, winding ou the way. 
 
 From plaintive prayer, and exhortations holy, 
 They bore their kindred tenderly away. 
 
 M* 
 
 Deep there she dwells, where now the sainted dead, 
 'Neath mossy mound, or sod with briers set. 
 
 In pent-up lanes, or careful corners laid, 
 Long, tardy years in loneliness have slept. 
 
 12 
 
 To trace rude records, latent, there beclouded, 
 
 A line of love, a stanza quaint, sublime. 
 Or some old text, which nature hath beclouded, 
 
 Beneath the tears of overwhelming Time. 
 
 *See page 2.33. 
 
!■'<''- WE SEEK THE SAINTS. 2.')i) 
 
 Full forty days her faithful lingers gather 
 From granite gray or sable slab of old, 
 
 In uncouth rhymes, yet sentimental i-ather, 
 The last sad tale which fond attection told; 
 
 '4 
 
 Told from the soul when fettered in affliction, 
 Beneath a cloud high from the heavens hung ; 
 
 Nor prayer, nor faith, nor bounteous beuedictiou 
 Assuaged the grief that clustered where it clung. 
 
 15 
 Here many a neighbor, curious at the call, 
 
 Holding a helping hand, came, gathered near, 
 And priest and people, draped in homespun, all 
 
 Brought regal honors to a rugged bier. 
 
 iG 
 
 Here stood a father, deep in sorrow, mild, 
 
 A mother bending o'er her manly boy, 
 A lonely daughter led a little child, 
 
 And left a tear to a true departed joy. 
 
 17 
 Here stood the soldier, strong in revolution, 
 
 Whose heart, it failed not, firm in battle, brave 
 For freedom fair, forj&od and constitution. 
 
 Valiant for aye, — it faltered at the grave. 
 
 18 
 O, God, that gives us sympathetic tears. 
 
 That fosters love in the kingdoms all around. 
 Why should the page of patriotic years 
 
 Be lost, forgotten, never to be found? — 
 
 19 
 Why, like the works of distant boundless ages, 
 
 While rambling red-men wandered through the wold. 
 Whose only record lingers on the pages, 
 
 Left brief from hearsay, of the English old, 
 
2G0 APPENDIX. 
 
 1872 
 
 Should that be lost ! forgotten, shall they vanish. 
 
 Prhiieval deeds of brave New England days ? 
 O give me pinde.'a cultivation clanish, 
 
 A filial faith, to pen heroic praise ! 
 
 21 
 
 Shame on the cur, unworthy of a collar, 
 Lured of a lie, holds never his master's place ! 
 
 Yet not unlike him, he that hugs the dollar. 
 Nor spares a dime for the annals of his race. 
 
 22 
 
 Then let the luckless day that l)ore^iim perish! 
 
 Let the night that bred him deep in darkness lie ! 
 For him no charm shall Nature deign to cherish, 
 
 No balm of earth, nor bliss from God on high ! 
 
 23 
 Where shall he rest, who knows no tliought paternal, 
 
 Nor has a heed for anything Init self ? 
 With aspirations fruitless, frail, infernal; 
 
 Favored of heaven, yet pants for paltry pelf! 
 
 24 
 Make him a grave in some old boggy meadow, 
 
 In a desert drear, beyond the hooting owl, 
 Where the summer cloud shalLnever show a shndow, 
 
 Unseen of the l)ird, abhorred of beasts that prowl— 
 
 25 
 And bury him low ; let solitude attend him — 
 
 No star for the night, no genial dawn of day, 
 Nor sight nor sound let Nature deign to lend him. 
 
 Save from the jackal digging for his prey ! 
 
 26 
 Kindness " to him who shows it " is but just; 
 
 Earth's charities are favored of the skies ; 
 Her sinful self must sink to sordid dust ; 
 
 Her rich rewards are waiting for the wise. 
 
I'^Ta THEY COME IN A CLOUD. 261 
 
 Give me the man that has a soul within hun, 
 A heart for heaven, a hand for a noble deed ; 
 
 That lives to learn, and learns to carry in him 
 God's golden rule, the emblem of his creed ! 
 
 28 
 Return me hence, from unreserved digression. 
 
 To the vale below, where, faithful to a vow, 
 That lady wandering strives to give expression 
 
 To unique phrase, time-worn, half hidden now. 
 
 29 
 The grave-gato turns its hopeful hinges fair, 
 
 As if to help a welcome heart within; 
 The dead are heedful — angels have a care 
 
 To such a mission, true they '• work to win." 
 
 30* 
 For, now while twilight l)nrns the western sky, 
 
 Down from a cloud that hovers o'er the tomb. 
 Sprite voices come — I seem to see them nigh — 
 
 And one '• Lone Star " to dissipate the gloom. 
 
 3' • 
 
 Am I asleep, and am I ilreamiug now? 
 
 Is there no God to move the spheres above? 
 No angel voice to breathe a tender vow, 
 
 No sainted soul to teli us of his love ? 
 
 32t 
 
 Indeed, 1 see them in the sabled cloud, 
 The manhood meek of earthy olden time, 
 
 Of Mary, there, they whisper long and loud. 
 From heaven all, and equally divine. 
 
 Sure he is there, whose Ijanner l^right unfurled, 
 Bore on its folds that beauteous beaming ''Star;" 
 
 Who preached salvation to a dying world. 
 And left it better than he found it, far. 
 
 *Uev. 1:7. tPage 5. JPage 00. 
 
262 APPENDIX. IS72 
 
 34* 
 
 I see the soul that followed many a day, 
 
 The miry beasts that dragged the plow along, 
 
 The frugal heart in all its rustic way 
 That cheered these vales with piety and song. 
 
 35 
 
 Note there, the youths so brief in earth's career, 
 Who brought rich harvests to the help of age, 
 
 Whose noble natures l)rave, fraternal, dear, 
 Bequeathed to the Avorld a pure historic page. 
 
 36t 
 
 Note thei'e, the sprite of fated Indian life, 
 
 Whose arrow clings to the farthest distant cloud. 
 
 Whose vengeance flashes in the heavens rife, 
 Beyond the mountains nuirnuiring yet aloud. 
 
 37j 
 
 Note there, the pilgrim, first of all that came, 
 W^ho led the white-man, trained him for the skies. 
 
 In all this earthly round, who fanned the flame 
 That fired a nation's faith, and made it wise. 
 
 38§ 
 
 Note there, a daughter, sainted, favored, free. 
 Held once beloved, angelic always found. 
 
 Who sought the shades of yonder towering tree. 
 There to recline the eternal j^ears around. 
 
 39 
 
 High on these hills, she'd wandered in her childhood. 
 Briefly to dance sweet summer days along. 
 
 And oft in tlowery A'ale, or waving wild-wood. 
 Inspired the ))Iue-bird with her little song. 
 
 40 
 There, long ago, beneath green branches youthful, 
 
 They thither laid her, true, more tender never. 
 Still, still that old birch tree is heavenward, truthful. 
 
 Bearing brave honors to that loved one, ever, 
 
 *Page 74 to 98. tPage21. J Page 10. § Page 99. 
 
1872 THEY VISIT Maggie's tree. 263 
 
 41 
 Kind spirits flit witliiu its a.j^ed l)ouglis ; 
 
 Bright night hatli come to lave its leaves with tears ; 
 Soft zephyrs sigh their wonted tender vows 
 
 To "Maggie," faithful, slumbering fifty years. 
 
 Ten thousand days' briglit dawn lias lit upon it. 
 Ten thousand nights' sweet stars soft glittering there, 
 
 Ten thousand wild birds, lovely, warbling on it, 
 Have b)'ought oblations to my Maggie fair. 
 
 43 
 Earth's tardy years are nothing in His sight. 
 
 Who rolls the spheres in majesty above; 
 Whose sun. on high, is but a candle light 
 
 To lead frail mortals to a throne of love. 
 
 44 
 Vet have these years worketl wonders in tlieir way, 
 
 Bright links they've formed in the eternity of time; 
 They've laid the Pilgrim old, earth-loved away. 
 
 They've given to God the patriot pure, divine. 
 
 45 
 Brave heaven-taught hosts, our fathers, mothers, all I 
 
 I hail their presence in the purpled air! 
 Deep in the vale approvingly they call 
 
 Kind connuendation. true, to Mary there. 
 
 46 
 Calmly they scan her late benighted wanderings. 
 
 Her faith in God, her truth in every duty. 
 Her care for kindred, her penciliugs and ponderings. 
 
 Earth's fovored form, and life's transcendent beauty. 
 
 47 
 While turning now tlie fmislied field away. 
 
 Ten times they thank her in that mission free ; 
 Ten times they chant a soft angelic lay. 
 
 Sweet, like the zephyrs in that ancient tree. 
 
264 APPENDIX. 1872 
 
 Ah ! What a change ! Fair tlawu hath lost her light ; 
 
 The murky shades have mantled Earth and Main ! 
 Yet soon afar the gentle Queen of Niglit, 
 
 High on the mountains, lights them up again. 
 
 49 
 
 Oh, what a world of glor.y sliines al)Ove us ! 
 
 Wliat boundless realms, what beauty beams below! 
 What constant faith, and care from llim who loves us I 
 
 And all for what? Frail nature ne'er can know ! 
 
 50* 
 Ye stately heights, that stand against tlie sky ; 
 
 Ye ocean waves, that dash a boundless shore ; 
 From Beauty-hill I scan ye now on high. 
 
 Eternal there, majestic as of yore ! 
 
 5' 
 
 Thine were the tribes of vast uncounted years, 
 The wigwam wild indeed was thine alone ; 
 
 Thine was the pride of pilgrim pioneers, 
 The white-man's hamlet and the halcyon home ! 
 
 52 
 Hail ! happy hills, and valleys lovely green. 
 
 Fair flocks in pastures which the fathers trod ; 
 Old Suncook rolls, sweet flowery flelds between. 
 
 Her mountain peaks are pointing up to God ! 
 
 53 
 Awake, ye sons and favored daughters true! 
 
 To faith and works there is a treasured crown — 
 A glorious morn is breaking bright for you. 
 
 While at your door I lay your annals down. 
 
 54 
 Farewell! my long-loved, native hills, for aye! 
 Your own bright waters never more I'll see ! 
 I'll l)ear your beauty in my soul away. 
 Where Jewett slumbers, waiting but for me ! 
 *Page 122. 
 
 R. i$. V. 
 
 Barnstead, August 31, 1872. 
 
 K. 
 
 907"