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 ► O CEIVTS. 
 
 Bi. 
 
 ILLUSTRATED 
 
 PUBLISHED BY 
 Publisher of "THE ROYAL HERALD," 
 
 OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF CARNIVAL COURT, 
 
 Entered according to Act of Congress by J. CURTIS WALDO, in the year 1^79, in the C.ffice c f the I.ibr.rian of Congress at W.shington. 
 
 
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OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONTENTION. 
 
 New Orleans Daily Democrat. 
 
 r >^> I — 
 
 The Young'est, Most Popular and Influential Paper 
 
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 And the only one which has consistently and uncompromisingly stood by the pledges 
 
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 THE DEMOCRAT IS THE ORGAN OF THE LOUISIANA DEMOCRACY, 
 
 And is recognized tbrougbout the United Sfates as the representative of the Property-Holding 
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 PRESS" has permitted, without remonstrance, to be fastened on the State by corrupt legislation. 
 
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 Importation in 1878, 35,906 Cases; 
 
 or 16,270 Cases more than any other Brand in 
 
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H. DUDLEY COLEMAN ^ BRO. 
 
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 No. 12 Union St., Wareroom, No. 9 Perdido St., 
 
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 PRICES TO SUIT THE TIMES. 
 HIGHEST PBlMroMS AW AMID 
 
 At the Gulf States 3lechanicaly AffricuJtural and Industrial Ex- 
 2)osition of 1879y the Southern States Agricultural and Industrial 
 Exposition of 1S7(*, and all the Louisiana State Fairs since 1S71. 
 
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ssTABHsxe^^Oi rr'wsiTTY-sxx "FssikSis. 
 
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 IMPORTED DIRECT FROM EUROPE AND THE ^WEST. 
 
 MEDICINE CASES AND BOOKS FOR PHYSICANS' AND FAMILY USE, 
 
 And .all other Articles used in Homooopathic Practice, such as 
 
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 \-XrWJ\ fXr i^DATUIIO C^r\C^C\ ^ ^° agreeable substitute for TEA and COFFEE, 
 
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 REFERENCES BY PERMISSION: 
 
 Dr. "W. H. Holcombe, 
 Dr. "Walter Bailey, Sr. 
 Dr. Walter Bailey, Jr. 
 Dr. G. S. Schurioht, 
 
 Office, No. 288 St. Charles St. 
 " No. 269 Camp Street. 
 " No. 2G9 Camp Street. 
 " No. ISO Canal Street. 
 Dr. S. M. ADgell, 
 
 Dr. E. A. Murphy, - Office, No. 229 Camp Street. 
 Dr. J. G. Bplden, - " No. 132 Canal Street. 
 
 Dr. B. de Villeneuve, - " No. 132 Canal Street. 
 Dr. R. Angell, - - " No. I.i2 Julia Street. 
 Office, No. 184 Julia Street. 
 
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BRANCH OF THE OLDEST HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACY IN THE UNITED STATES. 
 
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 Keep ^-nstant y on hancl ^^ complete stock^of g^^^^ jf ^ -^ |^^,i,l, ,,, Professional, 
 
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'ST 
 Governor 
 
 ||^l^^^l|HE first attempt of the Freu(;h to iustall a colony in Louisiana, 
 ^l^j^^^ll was made by the brave and cliivah'ous La Salle, who left France 
 with all requisites for the establishment of a settlement, but the 
 exi)edition was wrecked in the Gulf of Mexico, and the leader, 
 after escaping with a few of his followers, was murdered by them 
 for some fancied wrong. 
 
 Iberville, very justly teriued the T^'ather of Louisiana, arrived 
 at Cat Island in 1(>98, an<l soon afterwards a settlement was made at 
 the now favorite lake shore summer resort, Biloxi. 
 
 Souville was appointed the first (xovernor, aud Bienville, Lieutenant- 
 In 1701 Souville died, and was succeeded by Bienville, who retained 
 the chief office until 1710, wlieu he was rein(»ved and De Muys and the Baron 
 
 1 )' Artaquette assumed the 
 charge of the destmies of 
 the young colony. 
 
 The settlement at Biloxi 
 was surrounded with many 
 difliculties ;iiid perils, and 
 altiiough frequently aided 
 by supplies, and strength- 
 ened with new emigrants 
 from France, did not pros- 
 ] )er. 
 
 In 1717, the famous com- 
 l)any, of which the Scotch 
 financier. Law, was the rul- 
 ing spirit, was foriiied, and 
 received from the King of 
 France, Louis Fourteenth, 
 extraordinary and absolute 
 l)<»wer in the new colony. 
 
 In 1718 Bienville was re 
 ai)pointed Governor, and, 
 his first act Avas to seek a 
 more suitable locality for 
 the chief settlement of the 
 province. Sailing along 
 Old Citizens' Bank. Lake Pontcliartrain, just as 
 
10 NEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 nifilit was overtakiug his company, the Grovernor discovered a small stream lead- 
 ing 111 wards, and proceeding np this water irntil he found a high place, suitable 
 for a cam]), lie halted and built his fires for the night, near where now stand the 
 boathoiises of the St. John and Pelican Eowing Clubs, at Bayou Bridge, on the 
 Bavou St. John, the name given to the small stream he had been ascending. 
 
 Thus the first step towards the foundation of the new city, whose commerce 
 in the future shall extend to the utmost limits of the globe, and whose people 
 already ri^-al in beauty, fashion and chivalry, Paris itself, was made on the spot 
 wherej in our day, the "fairest of the fair" gather to witness the strength and 
 swiftness of the Knights of the Oar, and myriads of lights, on festal occasions, 
 play on the waters where first were mirrored the beacon fires of the future Queen 
 of the South, the beautiful New Orleans, so named after the Duke of Orleans. 
 Bieuvdle left fifty men to clear the ground and erect the necessary buildings, 
 which, for the accommodation of the commerce of the province, were placed on 
 the banks of the Mississippi. 
 
 The first overflow that we find recorded, occurred in 1719, one year after the 
 settlement was planned. The river rose to an extraordinary height, and as the 
 (Company was as yet unable to protect themselves by dykes, the place was for a 
 time deserted. 
 
 The i)rincipal offices and establishments of the province were removed from 
 Biloxi to New Orleans, in November, 1722. In the follomng year, we are told by 
 Charlevoix, who came from Canada by way of the river, that the city then con- 
 sisted of one hundred cabins, very irregularly placed, a large wooden warehouse, 
 two or three dwellings, a poor store-house, which was also used as* a chapel, a 
 shed being converted into the house of prayer. The population did not exceed 
 two hundred persons. 
 
 Historians mention as an important fact, that in this yeai-, 1723, a party of 
 emigrants from Germany, who had crossed the ocean to settle on lands in 
 Ai'kansas, granted to them by the celebrated Law, being disappointed in theii- 
 original intention, descended the river to New Orleans, hoping to obtain a passage 
 back to France. This the government was unable to furnish, but small tracts of 
 land were given to them on both sides of the river about thirty miles above New 
 Orleans, at what is known as the German Coast, where they settled and engaged 
 in agricultural pmsuits, supplying the city wath vegetables and garden products. 
 This was the commencement of the German element in the population of our city, 
 and the descendants of these earlj' settlers, augmented by thousands of others from 
 the Fatherland, make one of the most industrious, reliable, prosperous and honor- 
 able classes of our miscellaneous community. In the fall of this year the town 
 was visited by a terrific cyclone, which swept before it the church, hospital, and 
 about one-third of the residences of the inhabitants. This disaster, which was also 
 very destructive to the crops, seriously iu(*lined many of the x)eoi)le to abandon 
 the settlement. 
 
 The Jesuit Fathers first arrived in the summer of 1727, and located on a tract 
 of land in the Faubourg St. Mary, now known as the First District, in which they 
 made great improvements — erecting imposing and valuable buildings. 
 
 The ITrsuliiK^ Nuns also came to the city in this year, and first lived in a house 
 corner of Bienville and Chartres streets. In 1730 thej' removed to their convent, 
 corner of Conde, now Chartres, and UrsuUnes streets. This building, with the 
 large grounds around it, about three squares in size, was occupied by them for 
 nearly a century. The growth of the city, and consequent rise in real estafe, made 
 this property veiy valuable, and the Nuns disposed of the greater part of it, and 
 erected tlieir new (ionvent near where the Barracks now stands, and removed to it 
 in 1824. 
 
 In 1728 the city extended from Customhouse street to Barracks street, and 
 from the river to Claiborne street. It was very regularly laid out, but the houses 
 were scatteied and few. The inhabitants probably had no more idea that their 
 little settlement would one day be a city of the magnitude and importance of the 
 New Orleans of to-day, than \fQ have of the enterprise, wealth and power our city 
 will hold twenty-five or even ten years hence. 
 
 In 1703 the Jesuits were compelled to leave Louisiana, they having been 
 
TEE PAST. 
 
 11 
 
 expelled, by a decree of Clement 13tli, from the dominions of the Kings of France. 
 Spain and Naples. Their property in New Orleans was seized and sold for abont 
 one hundred and eighty thousand dollars — property which to-day is worth many 
 millions, embracing, as it did, by far the most valuable portion of the First 
 District. 
 
 Commerce with Great Britain began in 1764, during which year the first 
 British vessels visited the Misssissippi. Coming up the river they would make fast 
 to a tree opposite the now beautiful and flourishing Fourth District, and there 
 carry on a profitable traffic with the citizens and inhabitants of the neighborhood. 
 
 In the year 1769, the colony of Louisiana was, much against the wishes of the 
 colonists, ceded to Spain, and the capital was taken possession of by General Alex- 
 ander O'Reilly, one of the most distinguished officers of the Spanish army. The 
 transfer of the colony was attended with great pomp and show of power. General 
 O'Reilly being accompanied by a large force, for the purpose of overawing those 
 who had joined in the insurrection during the preceding year against the authority 
 of Spain. 
 
 The first appearance of that much dreaded disease, Yellow Fever, was in the 
 
 
 
 Rodriguez's House — Jackson's Supposed Headquarters. 
 
 summer of this year. It was imported, as all authorities agree, in a British vessel 
 which arrived from the coast of Africa, with a cargo of slaves. Although the 
 city has since been visited by many terrible epidemics of this scourge, it is 
 not regarded by our native citizens or those who have lived here long enough to 
 become acquainted with the true nature of the disease, with that dread usually 
 entertained for it by strangers. In fact it has often been observed that its ravages 
 have been principally among those who either could not, or would not take proper 
 care of themselves. Our experienced nurses generally regard it with less appre- 
 hension than many diseases prevalent in other sections of the Union, 
 
 In the year of 1770 the city was visited by an intensely cold spell, during 
 which the river was frozen for several yards on both sides, the only instance of 
 the kind that we find recorded. 
 
 The population of New Orleans steadily increased from this time forward, 
 although very slowly at first. In 1770 the city had 3190 residents, and in 1785, 
 4980, exclusive of the surrounding settlements. 
 
 The commerce of the place was greatly retarded for several years by the 
 restrictions and onerous exactions of the Spanish authorities, but a more liberal 
 policy having been inaugurated in 1778, the drooping fortunes of the place revived. 
 
 In 1785, the Americans began that trade from the West to New Orleans, 
 which has ever since been an important element in the industries of the place. 
 
12 XEW OR LEAN is ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 About the same time many merchaots came from Fiarce ard tstabli^ljed them 
 selves here. British vessels raA'igated the Mississippi, trading' with the citizens 
 and planters, taking produce in payment for their mercliandise or giving long 
 credits. At this period the Philadel])hians opened a brisk business with this city. 
 On Good Friday of 1788 a very destructive conflagration occurred. It com- 
 menced in the chapel of a Spaniard on Chartres stieet, about three o'clock in the 
 afternoon, and it being a very boisterous and windy day, about nine hundred 
 houses were destroyed before the flames could be subdued. The loss in money 
 was estimated at two and a half million dollars. The citizens of our day, protected 
 by a gallant corps of men, organized into one of the most effective Fire Depart- 
 ments ever known to the world, and amply su])i)]ied with steam fire engines, and 
 Babcock Extinguishers, read of such desolation with astonishment. 
 
 It was in 1788 that General Wilkinson flrst procured permission to send 
 launches from Kentucky loaded with tobacco, thus oi^ening trade in an article for 
 which New Orleans has since become a leading mart. 
 
 The flrst settlements of Americans that we lind mentioned took place in 1789, 
 and their numbers and influence have grown T\ith each year since. 
 
 The first company of French comedians arrived in New Orleans in 1791, having 
 escaped from a revolt of the slaves at Cape Franyois. 
 
 The Baron Carondelet arrived in 179U and took charge of the colony as 
 Governor. He at once took measures for the im})rovement of the city, among 
 which were lighting the streets and the employment of watchmen. 
 
 The revenues of the city, which then amounted to about seven thousand dollars 
 per annum, not being sufficient to pay these expenses, a tax of one dollar and 
 twelve and a half cents was laid on each chimney. Barim Oaroudelet erected new 
 fortifications; a fort was constructed below \\\q city on the site of theiiresent 
 United States Mint, and another at the upper confines, loot of Canal street, and a 
 strong redoubt at each angle of the city, and on Ham part street. He also opened 
 a canal to connect the city with Lake Pontchartrain by way of Bayou St. John. 
 This was completed in 1795 and has always been km>wn as Canal Carondelet. 
 
 He likewise caused the militia to be trained. There were at the time five com 
 ]ianies of volunteers, oue of artillery and two of riflemen, each of one hundred 
 men. 
 
 The first newspaper published in this city was commenced in 1791, and was 
 called "Le Moniteur de la Louisiane" — The Loriisiana Monitor. 
 
 Evan Jones, the first consul of the TTnited States was delegated in 1799, the 
 commerce with the Republic having become sufficiently important, at that date, to 
 induce the President to make the ajipointment. 
 
 On the 21st March, 1801, Louisiana was ceded to the French Republic, and in 
 the same year Daniel Clark was appointed Consul of the United States. He was 
 the father of that courageous and persevering woman Mrs. Myra Clark Gaines, 
 whose indefatigable efforts to establish her claims to the property of her father 
 have made her a national fame. 
 
 Napoleon, as First Consul of France, ceded the province of Louisiana to the 
 United States on the 30th of April, 1803, and formal possession was taken on the 
 30th of November following, Just seventy-six years ago. 
 
 What momentous changes have taken i)lace in that short time ! The popula- 
 tion of the city then was not quite 8100, while that of all of what is now known as 
 Louisiana, was but 42,000. The receii)ts of the Custom-House for 1802, amounted 
 to 1117,515, and the revenues of the city only $19,278. 
 
 The annual produce of the entire i)rovince was estimated at 3(K)n)S. indigo; 
 20,000 bales cotton, of 300njs. each ; 5000 hogsheads of sugar, and 5000 casks of 
 molasses. 
 
 Naturally enough the transfer to the United States caused great dissatisfac- 
 tion with the peo})le of the province, but American energy and enterprise soon 
 gave new life to the place. New coinage and modes of business were intro- 
 duced, the judiciary was remodeled and the general machinery of the govern 
 ment completely changed. The restless and progressive spirit of Americans has 
 made great innovations on the manneis and customs of the place, aud although 
 
THE PAST. 
 
 LS 
 
 the old peculiarities of the French yet remain to some degfree, in the lower part 
 of the city, they are fast disappearing before the progressive energy of our age. 
 
 The first olticers of the city under the change, were Bore, Mayor, with whom 
 were associated Destrehan and Sauve. The council was composed of Livaudais, 
 Petit Cavelier, Yillere, Jones, Fortier, Douahlson, Faurie, Alard, Tureaud, and 
 Watkins. Derbiguy, was secretary and Labatut, treasurer. 
 
 In 1804, the city of New Orleans was made a port of entry and delivery, and 
 the Bayou St. John a i)ort of delivery. 
 
 New Orleans was first incorporated as a city by the Legislative Council of the 
 Territory in 1805, and the ofticers were Mayor, Eecorder, fourteen Aldermen and 
 one Treasurer. A branch of the United States Bank was this year established in 
 New Orleans. 
 
 TTuder the new administration of aifairs, the population of the city trebled in 
 seven years, and in 1810 amounted to 24,552. 
 
 At that time, what is now known as the First District, in which are located the 
 finest buildings and the most extensive stores and warehouses of the city, was 
 mostly use<l as a plantation. It was the property of a wealthy citizen named 
 Gravier, and one of our ])rincipal streets running tlirough this district now bears 
 his name. 
 
 With the exception of here and there a villa on the levee, the city extended 
 no furthei doAvn than Fsplauade street, nor above Canal street, except an occm- 
 siona.l house. 
 
 There were a few dwellings on Canal 
 and Magazine streets and the Polar 
 Star Lodge, situated at the corner of 
 Camp and Gravier streets was consid- 
 ered as being in the country. There 
 were no paved streets in the city, and 
 when some time later, the first attempt 
 at such an improvement Avas made by 
 v. Eillieux and Benjamin Morgan, they 
 were looked u])on as dreaming s])ecu- 
 lators. 
 
 The first steamboat — The New Or- 
 leans — that ever made the i^assage of 
 the Mississippi Kiver, landed at our 
 wharf on the 10th of January, 1812, 
 having made thetrii) in 220 hours, from 
 Fort du (^uesne, now Pittsburg. Hei- 
 presence aroused an immense euthu 
 siasm, iov already the success of the 
 experiment had been deuKmstrated, 
 and it was looked to as the greatest 
 agent for the devel()i)ment of the coun- 
 try. This ])ioneer steam vessel, was 
 soon followed by fieets of steamers, 
 giving increased facilities and cheap 
 rates for the tiansportation of passen- 
 gers ini'l freights, inducing an immense 
 emigral'on from the older States and 
 5ss=i-'^s.^iJ Europe, and developiTig the unbounded 
 ""' *^# resources of the great West and South. 
 
 Jackson Monument. 
 
 This craft, wliiclrexcited vast interest in New Orleans, was nothing in com- 
 parison to the present day fioating palaces on our rivers, and wonderful creations 
 of mechanical genius and suiterior intelligence, yet in proportion to the exj»er 
 imeuts of that relic of the i)ast, there is nothing we know of, frauglit with so mucli 
 interest to the human welfare of the age. Its successful trip inaugurated all the 
 vast machinery and tremendous appliances that make the rich and fertile West pop- 
 
14 XFW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATET). 
 
 fiious, and ever steadily progressive in the march of improvement and greatness. 
 In it was the germ of a colossal enterprise that has developed all the utilitarian 
 greatness of this wonderful century of incomparable excellence in mechanical arts 
 and contrivances. We wonder now if the perfection of human genius has culmin- 
 ated, as much as those astonished people did when they saw the first steamer. 
 Genera] Andrew Jackson arrived in I^ew Orleans, December 1st, 1812, and im- 
 mediately l)egan preparation for the defense of the city. On the 8th of January 
 the famous battle of IS^ew (Jrleans was fought, culminating in a victory which 
 gave undying glory to the name of the sturdy old hero. On the 23d of January, 
 1815, the success of the Americans was solemnized by a period of thanksgiving in 
 the Cathedral. The most gorgeous and impressive ceremonies of the church, 
 added to the grand military display, made the occasion one of the most memor- 
 able cek^brations ever known in ^ew Orleans. 
 
 General Lafayette visited New Orleans in 1825. The demonstrations of wel- 
 come and kindly gratitude expressed by the people to the famous patriot and 
 soldier, who generously es|)Oused the cause of our country in its severest moment of 
 trial, were of the most brilliant character, and fully in consonance with the princely 
 hospitality and refined culture of the brave and generous people of this section. 
 
 In 1828, General Jackson niade a short stay in our city, and was the recipient of 
 the most lavish attention from citizens of all classes — every one striving to do him 
 honor. The old hero visited the field ot Chalmette, rendered famous in song and 
 story by his own skill and the bi-avery of his troops. His visit was one grand 
 ovation, alike due to his high merit as a soldier and statesman, an<l the people's 
 own feelings of love and gratitude. 
 
 New Orleans owes much to the energy, courage and perseverance of James H. 
 (^aldw«^ll, whose name for a long period of years was coniiect«Ml with every enter 
 lirise for the advancement and improvement of the ])lace. 
 
 In 1823-4, Mr. Caldwell erected the American Theatre, on (lamp street, which 
 was for a longtime approachable only over Hatboat gunwales. This building was 
 subsequently known as the Arniorj^ Hall, and is still in a good state of preservation, 
 being at the i^resent time in use as an auction mart. Mr. Caldwell's venture was 
 regarded as a very ridiculous move, but others followed his example, and the 
 immediate neighborhood of his theatre soon became the most prosperous part of 
 the city. 
 
 Speaking of this improvement, and the upward growth of the city, N"orman in 
 his Guide Book, issued in 1845, relates the following anecdote: 
 
 "Some of the old Frenchmen in the city proper, who have rarely trusted 
 themselves three squares beyond their favorite cabaret, are very incredulous of the 
 reported progress and improvement in the Faubourg St. Mary. A few years since, 
 a gentleman of the second numicipality, asked the old cabaret keeper, who has 
 made himself illustrious and wealthy by vending to the habitues of the lower 
 market, a drink of his own compounding, called " Pi// and Whistle,''^ why he did 
 not come u]> into the Faubourg St. Mary, and see the buildings ? At the same 
 time describing the St. Charles Exchange, the Theatre, the Verandah, Bank's 
 Arcade, the magniticent stores, etc. The old Frenchman listened in doubting 
 wonder for some time, at last, however, his faith and his gravity both gave way 
 and he burst into a laugh, exclaiming " Oh monsieur F>. dat is too much ! You 
 von varry funny fellow — 1 no believe vat you say — its only one grand — vat you call 
 it — vere de mud, de alligator, and de bulT frog live. Von grand — grand — mud 
 swamp, vei'e you say is one gi uid city, 1 no believ it!" 
 
 Gas was introduced into Xew Orleans by Mr. Caldwell in 1834, he ha\ang 
 lighted his theatre with it several years previous. The works are, we believe, the 
 best arranged in the United States. 
 
 The growth of the city progressed favorably for many years, but little of inter- 
 est occurring, beyond the gra<lual widening of the limits of "brick and mortar," 
 the increase in our imports and exports, and the consequent additional wealth of 
 our (citizens. The fearful panic of 1837 exerted for a time a baleful influence, but 
 recovering from this, enterprise and prosperity went hand in hand again. 
 
 The writer of this sketch arrived in New Orleans on the 3d of December 
 1847, a date indellibly fixed in his mmd from the fa«t, that on the day following, 
 
THE OLD CITIZENS' BANK. 15 
 
 GreD Zachary Taylor, arrived iu the city, ou lii« return from Mexico, and was 
 received with grand Diilitarj^ and civic honors, the procession which escorted him 
 being one of the most imposing parades ever witnessed here. 
 
 On the evening- of February U4, l.SoT (Mardi Gras), the Mistick Krewe of 
 Comus made their first appearance on the streets of ]Sew Orleans. Their brilliant 
 pageants which have followed e\ ery year since, except 18(52, 18(>3, 11S()4 and 1865, 
 when the fierce spirit of war stalked through the land ; 1874, which was luarked 
 by threatening j^oliticai troubled, and this present year when they withheld their 
 display, ont of respect to the mauy mourners made by the yellow fever epidemic 
 of last snmmer. 
 
 We have heard from the best authority, that Comns will marshal his merry 
 krewe on the coming Mardi Gras, February 10, 1880, and present to onr citizens 
 and visitors a display which in taste and magniticence will outiival any of his 
 former efforts. 
 
 To record the varions inci<lents wliich occurred in oiu- city during the " Great 
 Struggle," or the misfortunes which followed in its wake, is not, we think, within 
 our province. The history of those events cannot be recalled by the one side, or 
 read by the other, with either interest or profit. 
 
 Impressively eloquent are the voiceless memories that come to us from the 
 glorious past. The sons of New Orleans have stood in the front of every well con- 
 tested field of battle, with a courage and daring that challenged the admiration of 
 both friends and foes, and at the downfall of the cause they loved so well, resumed 
 their peaceful avocations, accepting the verdict of fate, with a resignation and 
 truth to their jjlighted faith, no less honorbale than their record on the blood- 
 stained field of war. 
 
 
 ^•S^p <^f5 ^\X\\m%' ^PanL-^ 
 
 ''^:^JL^^ 
 
 j(k^ N Toulouse street, between Chartres and Royal, SoutJi dde^ is to be 
 ^^ImV found as satisfactory a ruin as one can hope to see in a <;ity stretch - 
 ^\l^ ing along the earth not <iuite 102 years. 
 
 ^r The sketch on a preceding page is, indeed, one of an absolute corpse 
 
 >fv of a house still lacking, by eight years, its half century of existence. 
 A For the building is all that remains of the famous " Citizens' 
 
 ^ Bank." In 1830, it w^as designed by M. de Pouilly, an eminent archi- 
 tect. In 1837, it was built and dedicated. It owed its existence to the " Improve- 
 ment Bank," which erected it for its own use. It owes its main reputation to 
 " The Citizens' Bank," which occupied it for many years. 
 
 l^ow to the building. That is a classic fa^wle. The figures on it are most 
 proper, too. He who runs may trace, even now, the familiar grouj)— Agriculture, 
 Commerce and Plenty, with her horn. But see how the group is broken— cheated 
 out of its fair proportions. Look, how upon the roof grows that sickly grass that 
 springs only from earth, blessed by ifature, and deserted by man. Then, follows 
 the broken cornice, with the unplastered brick springing out like monitions, from 
 
16 KEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 the grave, of Deciay. The.se .same cieei) down, ghastly, to the buihlmg itself; 
 while they gather arouml and about the six Romau-Coriuthiau columus, which 
 are yet strong enough to support the useless shell which they once bore so stoutly. 
 
 Shell ! yes ! ! That is the true name to be given, in this modern Christening, 
 to the proud home, which, once, under honored names, gave the law as a Viceroy 
 of Capital from Toulouse street. 
 
 A shell : in all save the front ; which is, after all, but a classic ruin. A ruin 
 gloomy in the .sunslune : ghostly, in the moonlight ; but through all, giving, some- 
 how, a remembrance of older temples and pagan shrines. 
 
 A shell: in those enlarged lamp-flanu's, that, in this silence of desolation, are 
 as sightless as the eyes of the dead. 
 
 A shell: in that big iron door, no\v closed forever, through which have so 
 often passed, with heads high, capitalists with money within their close purses : 
 and suppliants, with heads bent low, and nothing in their pocket-books save 
 ''promi.ses-to-pay." Read that closed iron door aright ! And who will not see in 
 it a great fall ? 
 
 Nothing is behind that classic shell, save Nothingness. 
 
 Try to peep behind the fagade ; the allegorical pediment ; the broken frieze; 
 the rounded, yet now .shattered, columns; the useless big iron door and the big 
 clamped iron windows; the steps, so often ascended in the the brave days of Civic 
 }ind Banking Prosperity, now cropping out, each with scrub grass and dry weeds, 
 usurping every plaice from the ground to the vestibule it.self. If there be any 
 doubt of utter loneliness in a brand-new city, 1, for my i»art, cease to be sceptical 
 when I look at this same scrub grass and those same sickly weeds. 
 
 Looking through the shabby wooden fence, covered with current dramatic 
 advertisements, but black, in itself, as a mourning gallery to a Chamber of Death, 
 you will not fail to observe how closely the Old Bank is joined to the old St. Louis 
 Hotel — now the State House. Passing beyoml the fence, you are able to cast a 
 look into the dark vaults, which underlie the Bank. These vaults are, all, left 
 unguarded now. They have no treasure — not they ! — save the \ilest refuse. They 
 have no accujnulatious — not they ! — save those of dirt and ashes. They have no 
 brightness — not they ! — save that golden light that streams down into their foul 
 depths from that ragged roof, above them, which lets in — each in its season — the 
 brightness of the sunshine, and the blackness of the night. 
 
 In .short, thay are empty vault.s — nothing more. All is death about this Ruin 
 on Toulouse street. Shall we not leave our Bank classic even in its decay 'I Shall 
 we not so leave it; believing it to be a lit tomb of that Finance, which, once so 
 strong in that quartier that, in the older days, knew but French, has already, 
 practically, winged its golden flight to that quarter, which loves Lindley Murray 
 better than Noel et Ghapsal f john dimitby. 
 
 -The 4 Supposed i- "Jackson ^ Headquarters."-^ 
 
 |0R years, the house, seen on page 11, and now the shabbiest of ruins, 
 has been known as the " Jack.son Headquarters." 1 have never Uked, 
 Malay fashion, to run-a-nuick against poinilai' faith. I must do so, now, 
 however, beciiuse — by an authority i)otent in the knowledge of Louisi- 
 ana tradition.s — I am told that there is a mistake in the national name so long 
 borne by this house, once called the " Rodriguez Mansion." 
 
 '^ What mistake ? " I ask, respectfully, of my informant. Gen. John L, Lewis. 
 "' This house was not the ' Jackson Headquarters, ' in 1814, at all, " replies 
 
THE REAL JACKJSON EEADQUARTERIS. 17 
 
 General Lewis, with that suavity which so becouies his honorable life and his 
 white hairs. 
 
 " Why General ? " 
 
 " Because, my dear sir, the real ' Headquarters ' are to be found at the planta- 
 tion just above." 
 
 " Who owned this house in 1814-'15 ? " 
 
 " An old Spanish lawyer named Rodriguez." 
 
 " What did Rodriguez do in those days ! " 
 
 " He spoke broken English, and practised, with notable success, civil law." 
 
 " What became of him, afterwards ! " 
 
 " He died — still speaking broken English — on his own place." 
 
 " Who owns. General, at this time, the property that was the real ' Jackson 
 Headquarters I ' " 
 
 " Dr. M. F. Bonzano, of the U. S. Mint." 
 
 I bow before my venerated friend. Like Horace, I believe that the memory 
 of the old is the surest safeguard of tradition. 
 
 JOHN DDOTRY. 
 
 Now as to 
 
 -^^Tlie + Real + "Jackson + Headquarters,' V 
 
 At the beginning of this ceutuiy, the chosen suiuiner-places of our fashion- 
 ables were not met with, as now, along the Mississippi Sound. Between a front 
 redolent with the odor of orange blossoms, and a rear, glistening with the green 
 of sugar-canes — while back, like a great belt of gloom lowered the cypress swamp — 
 did our richards of that day take their pleasaunce from April unto November. 
 
 Among those who sought their Capua below the Barracks, I note the families 
 of Hon. Joshua Lewis, Judge of the Supreme Court of the Territory of Orleans 
 (father, by the way, of General John L. Lewis) ; of Martin Gordon ; of Thomas 
 Kennedy; and of Wm. M. Montgomery, — the last being the owner of the Head- 
 quarters of Jackson, in the days when ( 'halmette, from the river to the swamps, 
 answered to the roll-call at 9 o'clock on the morning of the Eighth of January, 
 1815, by a single ringing word Vk;torv ! 
 
 1 learn from both our well-kuo^\^l fellow-citizens. Dr. M. F. Bonzano, and 
 Genl. Lewis, that the former has the honor of being the possessor of a spot that 
 will always be held sacred to History. Dr. Bouzano's mansion looks like a bran- 
 new one, to-day. Nevertheless, it hath a romantic tale of its own to tell, did it so 
 incline. Before the time when Patriotism made it its home, there were whisper.s 
 of a jealous husband, of a covetously-guarded wife, dearly loved by that husband, 
 of rarely-embellished gardens, where, often at the dusk, the two were wont to 
 promenade ; and of the broad and open levee, where, less frequently, the couple 
 might be seen together when the sun had set, and the darkness had cast, into a 
 black shadow, the tawny waters of our great River. No tragedy followed these 
 whispers. For this Desdemona of the Lower Coast was as pure as she was lovely. 
 And the Othello, as loving as he was jealous, played the play without the Fifth 
 Act : For he was — as the tale runs — cured of the shadows that had fallen upon 
 his love. 
 
 So much for an unnamed gossipry of the past. To come to nearer times, Mr. 
 Montgomery, a wealthy merchant, was honored by receiving General Jackson, in 
 his house, when the sharp little fight of December 23d, 1814, bad determined the 
 great soldier to form his line-of-<lefence nearer to the city. With this object. In- 
 moved back to RodrigTiez Canal. There he stood until the last historic gun was 
 fired ; the last historic corpse was buried ; and the last word was written to the 
 proud story of a gallant people's militia defence against the odds of veterans, 
 trained in Napoleonic wars. 
 
 From that Montgomery House, General Jackson moved to the old Marigny Man 
 sion, on Victory street, where he awaited — like a victorious Roman General — a call 
 
18 
 
 NHW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 to the w aitiug iimltitudes ; to the triumplial entry ; to the priests who blessed him ; 
 to the meu who shouted for him 5 to the women who wept around him ; to the 
 > oung- girls who lavished, iu the path of the grim hero's war-horse, the garlands 
 and tiowers that spoke, in perfume, of a State's gratitude to him. 
 
 Dr. Bonzano's pleasant home has gained, by the way, a later interest from 
 another historical episode. I allude to the well-known visit of General Lafayette, 
 to this city, in 1825. The General landed, first, helow the city. He was escorted 
 by Mr. Ducros (father of Hon. E. V. Ducros) to the i)resent Bonzano Mansion, as 
 being, at that time, the finest in the locality. Again did the old house become 
 awaiting-ground for the large-hearted, if small-brained. Frenchman, as it had been, 
 ten years before, for the big-minded, and large-hearted American. 
 
 Does the Bonzano Mansion find a chance to present any memorials of the Mont- 
 gomery's of 1815? In other words, does it show upon its surface such scars as 
 veteran soldiers love to bear ? Ask Dr. Bonzano himself, who will satisfy you upon 
 that point. For, while repairing the house, a few years ago. Tie found imbedded in 
 the walls and the wood-work, grim and rusty cannon-bails, tired by skilless British 
 cannoneers, standing sighting, with blackened faces, a mile and a-half-off, at foes 
 not a half-mile from them. 
 
 Fortunately for the building, the Red Coats got no nearer than the Chakuette 
 Lines. It is not the first time in History that a defeated army has thrown its 
 heaviest balls beyond the ground which its flaunting colors could hold. 
 
 i^or, indeed, 1 dare say — will it prove to be the last time in those long annals, 
 during which there have been wars, that the world shall dedicate, as it hath 
 dedicated — upon that awful altar, defying. Babel-like, the skies — its sacrifice of 
 bloody corpses, unto Mars, BeUona and the Furies. 
 
 JOHN DIMITBY, 
 
 ■^^ 
 
 -> 
 
 The ^ Jackson ^ Monument. 
 
 ^ 
 
 O reach the Monument, take the " Levee and Barracks Cars," opposite 
 the United States Customhouse, on Canal Street. 
 
 You leave the cars just above the Slaughter House. If you be rich 
 enough to hire a carriage, you can ride down the river road. If not rich 
 enough, use your own stout legs, and make the trip for yourself. Keep 
 looking, alw^ays, towards your left. The Monument has not grown to be 
 a big boy, yet ; and you may miss it, if not sharp. But, with good eyes, 
 and using them well, after a mile and a half or so, you will see a white shaft 
 gleaming through the trees. That shaft is " Jackson's Monument." 
 
 How many of our citizens know, I wonder, the exact locality of our Monu- 
 ment ! How many of those who do know, have taken that dusty country road 
 that leads to it ! The ingratitude of Eepublics is a i^roverb among men. Not less 
 so is that of States. Washington is ignored in that unsightly marvel hard by the 
 Potomac. Jackson is ignored in that near by the Mississippi. 
 
 Touching the condition of the latter, 1 trust to " speak by the card." For, 
 three times, have 1 footed the dreary country road ; opened one rickety gate ; gone 
 
. THE JACKkSOK monument. 19 
 
 past a ruined house ; passed througli what had once been a whole gate, but is now 
 only a half-one ; and stood face to face with this superb type of Louisiana's 
 forgetfulness. 
 
 Cast a glance at the Monltment, as you see it on page 13. Fairly shapeful, 
 is it not? Compact; with right proper angles; proportions, which promise, in 
 their squareness, something better than oblivion ? Our Monument gives proof 
 of that. In itself, it is not bad-looking, even as it is. Only, it looks forlorn. 
 
 Suppose that we are at the base. That base is a support of brick for a shaft 
 of brick, faced with marble. In the picture, the bricks seem to be steps of a fair 
 width. Xo greater mistake than this. They are, in reality, nothing biit a prop — 
 the steps themselves making a projection of but half-a-brick. It needs patience — 
 not to speak of muscle — to mount them to that Mycenean door, which is in full 
 sight. We are passing through it now. We find, easily enough, where the brick, 
 in the circular inside, rei)laces the glaring marble outside. Fretted iron-steps 
 come close to the door. While mounting them, let us count them. There are 
 only ninety-eight (0^) of them, when there should be, for History's sake, full two 
 hundred (200). Then comes the wooden roof which tells us that the slate is tired 
 of paying the noble debt of Honor to the great soldier who, sixty -four years ago, 
 saved hers. 
 
 As we ascend, counting the ste])s as we go, we cannot help seeing everywhere, 
 on the bricks around us, the scrawls of venturous souls, who hope to make their 
 names as immortal as Jackson's. From the city and the State come these 
 names — citizens of repute ; students full of zeal ; planters full of cash ; loungers 
 on a "lark;" high-toned women on a jaunt; pilgrims, in short, of both sexes, from 
 everywhere. From the army, too, they come. We can see that there are signs 
 of brave regiments, that fought under the Blue and the Gray, Perhaps, the 
 gallant writers deemed that there was insi^iration to be got from even this wretched 
 pile in honor of an embodied American Mars. Some are names seen faintly. Some 
 are dented deeply. Others, again, are cut so fiercely, that they tell of a story of 
 ambition, carved in brick. Truly, there are differences among men. But the whole 
 of this scribbling represents clearly enough our American fashion of "whittling.'* 
 BetAveen '' whittling a stick," and scratching the heart out of a brick — there is 
 Init little to choose, I fancy. 
 
 At last, we have reached the top. There we find the rain-stained, sun- 
 scorched, wooden roof. Time, and wind, and rain, and the seasons, have played 
 a scurvy trick with it. It is, indeed, no roof; but a poor fragmentary covering of 
 rotten boards. From this elevation — remember, only IKS steps instead of 200 — we 
 can look toward Chalmette. 
 
 Had we imagination, wc might easily fancy gallant aids riding post-haste to 
 our great Commander here; receiving his sharj), crisp orders; and sjieeding back 
 to the field where the red coats were to yield to "jeans," and British regulars to 
 raw militia-men. A place of danger for these aids ? Surely. A long ride for 
 them ! Hardly, for Chalmette Plain is not a quarter of a mile from where we 
 stand. 
 
 Had we imagination, too, we could till with fighting battalions that scene, now 
 so peaceful, with cattle browzing lazily, and fiehls innocent of all sav^e a l^ature 
 gone-to-sleep. 
 
 Looking beyond the cattle, we catch sight of a long, low wall which encloses 
 those quiet sleepers, Avhose wars are hap])ily over. There is a tender sort of beauty 
 in the view. It is a beauty born of rest — of that rest that comes ever after strife. 
 American soldiers could never have, I think, a grander resting-])lace than a field 
 made — through the long lines of Time — glorious forever, by the valor of their 
 countrymen. No foreign flag has ever sought the winds here, save droopingly. 
 
 So rural is this scene, that we forget the rotten roof, and that unpardonable 
 blunder of this neglected shaft. In descending the steps ; in glancing once more 
 at the autographs ; and in remembering how their writers can boast of a great 
 model in Washington striking deep his name upon the highest stones of the 
 " Natural Bridge," we have time to notice that the dimmest of light is given by 
 
20 
 
 XE W OR LEA XS J JX rSTRA TE D. 
 
 certain loop-holes, placed, at iDtervals, in the wall. 
 Monument. Let us count tbem as we hurry down : 
 
 3 loop-holes toward the river, 
 
 3 " " the batle-ground, 
 
 3 " " the swamps, 
 
 4 " " the city, . - - . 
 
 These are the eyes of our 
 
 = 3 eyes, 
 
 = 3 " 
 
 = 3 " 
 
 - = 4 " 
 
 13 eyes in all. 
 
 And, as we see the larger number that look city-ward, we cannot well help think- 
 ing that the extra eye is one of perpetual appeal to New Orleans ; calling upon 
 the city that was saved to do what the State has so long neglected to do. 
 
 The good times always come for those patient enough to wait for them. In 
 that happy time, when Louisiana shall be really redeemed ; when she shall feel 
 her power, alike of vindication and of reward ; and when she shall turn, with love, 
 to the men who have enobled her; she A\ill remember that her honor is involved 
 in that debt, so long protested at the Bank of History, which she owes to a great 
 soldier, who, on one historic day, made her free, and himself immortal. 
 
 I have been favored by my venerable and honored friend, General John L. 
 Lewis, with these brief notes concerning the Monttment : 
 
 "The Monument was begun between 1830 and 1840. The Legislature of the 
 State authorized the erection, and made an ap])ropriati<m sufficient to cover the 
 first expenses. Like all monuments from States to heroes, the appropriation was 
 not long renewed. Then, the work ceased — in what year, 1 am not quite certain." 
 
 Thus spoke a gallant veteran, whom we all honor in his ripe and stately old 
 age. Perhaps, the Louisiana of the Future will be more grateful to her savior at 
 ('ha.lmette than that State which, in the Past, has persistently put him aside. 
 
 JOHN DTMITKV. 
 
 n- 
 
 (yi' 
 
 ^vf;o 
 
 CN 
 
 ^#^" 
 
 This 
 
 HEX the ''city proper was bounded by the spacious streets, Canal, 
 llami)art, Esplanade and Champs Klysees, 1320 yards along the river 
 and 700 wide backwards towards the swamp," we are told that there 
 were '• several large Public Squares, one of which, the Place of Arms, 
 350 feet on the Levee, by 330 in depth to Chartres street, is very hand- 
 some, being planted with trees, and enclosed \nth an iron palisade, hav- 
 ing beautiful ornamental gateways of the same metal. The expense of 
 fitting this place up, amounted to $20,000.'' 
 was in 1823, over half a centtiry ago, when the <;ity's limits were in 
 
 significant as above stated : when the yearly revenue, from all sources, amounted 
 
PUBLIC SQUABES. 21 
 
 to but $130,000, a population of 29,000 including- whites and blacks, slaves and 
 free, and " in the whole <S70o houses of every description.'' Now, in the year of 
 our Lord 1879, when ]Kew Orleans has a river front of nearly twelve miles, and a 
 width of six and a half; when her revenues are counted by the million, and her 
 population by hundreds of thousands ; in speaking of our Public Squares, we can 
 say little more than was said by John Adams Paxton, fifty-six years ago ; for 
 although several beautiful localities have been set apart from time to time as 
 " Public Squares for the pleasure of the people, and to beautify the city," with 
 the exception of fencing in, and the planting of a few trees, the majority of these 
 places presents very scanty improvements, no attempts whatever in the beautify- 
 ing line, and are standing reproaches to " all whom it may concern." Yet, as 
 Nature has done so much that man has neglected to do, and as most of the Public 
 Squares have beautiful surroundings, and many of them an interesting history, 
 an inspection of them will well repay the visitor. 
 
 JACKBO'l BQ:UABE,. 
 
 This beautiful pleasure gTOund which is bounded by Ohartres. Decatur or Old 
 Levee, St. Anne and St. Peter streets, is the oldest Pul)lic Square in New Orleans, 
 and is interesting, as well on ac(;ount of its ai)pearance as for its historical sur 
 roundings. This square was formerly called the PLACE D'AIIMS, but being 
 selected as the site of the statute of General Jackson, the old veteran's name was 
 bestowed on it, while its former cognomen was transferred to another of our 
 ancient parks. 
 
 The splendid rows of the Pontalba buildings, with their imposing fronts and 
 broad verandas, overlook the square from the jSTorth and South, the Cathedral and 
 Court Houses on the West, while the mighty Father of Waters uuiy be seen on the 
 East. A massive paling of iron set in granite encloses this ])eculiar square, which 
 is European in design, and almost purely tropical in productions. 
 
 A bronze equestrian statue of (leneral -Fackson, the most conspicuous object 
 iu the square, stands in the centre, on ground slightly elevated, based on an 
 enormous block of granite, and protected by a tasteful iron railing. The statue 
 represents the stern old hero in the full dress uniform of his day, lifting his mill 
 tary hat in salute, his ponderous sword hauging from his belt and his left hand 
 grasping the reins of his war steed. The horse is represented in the act of rearing, 
 and stands balanced on his hind legs. It is a faithful and spirited copy from bfe, 
 and reflects the highest credit on the artist who designed it, and the workers who 
 carried out his intentions. 
 
 Diverging from the statue in all directions, are beautifully graded walks, bor 
 dered with the choicest flowers of the South, luxuriant vines and evergreens, which 
 at all seasons of the yeai present a i)leasing picture to the eye. Magnificent 
 orange trees with their golden wealth of fruit iu autumn, stately magnolias, clus- 
 tering bananas under their shade of gigantic leaves, l»irds ol' rare plumage, the 
 notes of the mocking bird mingling with the merry voices of happy children, the 
 tread of pedestrians, the rattle of cars and carriages, the sonorous breathing of 
 vSteamers and locomotives, and the warning echoes of the old catliedral clock, 
 whose strokes have sounded in the ears of generations forever passed away, 
 render this one of the most interesting places in tlie '' land of sun and flowers.'' 
 
 The historical reminiscences of the "old s<|uare," would of themselves make a 
 large volume, while the tender romances, begun, matured or consummated undei' 
 the favoring shade of its trees, would form more thrilling tales than were ever con- 
 ceived in the brain of the most vivid writer of fiction. Languishing Spanish beau- 
 ties, pi(iuant French belles, swc^et-faced daughters from (,'lassic Italy or storied 
 Greece, the women of every clime, have in this spot listened to the witching tale 
 they love to hear. Soldiers have been drilled, arms stacked or distributed to the 
 defenders of their " ain " firesides, iu fact all the phases of human joy or woe, 
 honor or disgrace, hope or fear, have been enacted and experienced in the historic 
 Jackson Square. 
 
22 
 
 iVJE^TT ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 WAwm. 
 
 The place which now bears this name, but better known as " Congo Square," 
 is a large and pleasantly situated promenade ground, between Rampart, St. Claude, 
 St. Peter and St. Anne streets. It was in '' old times " called the '' Circus Public 
 Square." 
 
 LAFAYITTI SQWikBl. 
 
 Is consideied by many the handsomest in the 
 
 Franklin Statue, Lafayette Square. 
 
 thejspleiidid pjirnfUs ottlic King of the Cfirnivnl. 
 
 city, and has two of the 
 most prominent streets, 
 Camp and St. Charles, in 
 its front and rear, and sever 
 ;il of our finest public build- 
 ings in its immediate vicin 
 ity. 
 
 It is enclosed by an iron 
 railing, is well laid off in 
 broad regular walks, and 
 
 las a great many beautiful 
 well -grown trees, beneath 
 which the seeker of ease 
 ma}^ recline in the shade, at 
 any hour of even the most 
 sunny day. Here is placed 
 a statue of the philosopher, 
 Benjamin Franklin, in white 
 marble, executed by the ta- 
 mous Hiram Power, which 
 was presented to the city by 
 that ])ublic spirited, liberal 
 gentleman, Mr. Charles A. 
 Weed, formerly i)ro])rietor 
 of the Kew Orleans Times. 
 
 This square is often used 
 for public meetings, and was 
 for many years chosen by 
 the Mistick Krewe as the 
 place of their first appear 
 ance. It is now a favoiite 
 stand <m Mardi Gras, with 
 those who wish to witness 
 
 INNUI^TIATIOIT SQTIAEE. 
 
 Tnis, tlie largest and among the best situated public squares of the city, is in 
 the upper part of the First District. Orange and TJace streets b<mnd it north and 
 south, and facing it are many very beautiful i)rivate residences, and St. Michael 
 (Catholic) Church and school house. 
 
 lEW CITY FARi:. 
 
 Some years ago the city purchased a tract of land, containing two hundred 
 and sixty-five acres, situated almost six squares above Nashville Avenue, and 
 extending from St. Charles street to the river bank. It is splendidly located for 
 a park, but as yet no steps have been taken t-owards its improvement. 
 
PUBLIC SQUARES. 
 
 §¥eLAS BQ)¥AB1. 
 
 23 
 
 Was enclosed iu 1864:, and is tastefully laid out, well planted, and cared for. 
 It is rich in an irregular luxurieut growth of trees, shrubs and flowers. Bounded 
 by Washington Avenue, George, Second and Freret streets. 
 
 THl CITY PAEl. 
 
 Over twenty years ago the late John McDonough bequeathed to the city, foi- 
 a Public Park, a tract of ground contaiiung an area of about half of a square mile, 
 fronting on the Metairie lload, between the old and new canals. The ground is 
 high and well adapted to the purpose for which it was intended. It is famous for 
 the live-oak trees that grow within its limits, some of which spread out their 
 branches on all sides to an incredible extent, and give a dense shade. No at- 
 tempts have yet been made to lay out or adorn the Park, but, as the city is 
 spreading fast in that direction, it is presumable that work will be commenced on 
 it within a few years. 
 
 Its numerous natural advantages as a jjleasure ground make it a favorite 
 resort for picnics and other sociable excursions. 
 
 Lll PLACE. 
 
 This central spot, intersection of St. Charles and Delord, formerly known as 
 Tivoli Circle, has been selected as the site of the Lee Monument, a work of art 
 which the Lee Monumental Association has iu charge, and is completing as 
 rapidly as possible. 
 
 r 
 
 Lee Place. 
 
 The other public grounds, Coliseum Place, Clay, Washington and Lawrence 
 ►Squares present uo noticable features. 
 
24 
 
 I^'^EW OULEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 LEASURE « EXCURSIONS. <■ 
 
 
 ^^^^! 
 
 The euviioiis of New Orleans afford inauy agreeable retreatis, a 
 visit to any one of which will repay the pleasui'e seeker. 
 
 CaRI^OLLTON pAi\DENS. 
 
 The trip to Carrollton is deservedly one of the most popular excursions in the 
 neighborhood of our city. The green cars from the corner of Canal and Baronne 
 streets, only a short distance from the principal hotels and boarding houses, take 
 
 Awiif^octi Wt 
 
 Carrollton Hotel. 
 
 passengers through one of the pleasantest avenues, lined by palatial residences 
 and smiling gardens to that suburban district of New Orleans. Here are situated 
 the OaiTollton (lardens, which for many years have been a favorite resort with 
 our people, and a place much admired by strangers. These gardens were pur- 
 chased by the late Mr. ( '. F. ( -onrad, who spared neither trouble or expense to 
 improve them. The spacious walks are lined with the choicest flowers, whose 
 bloom and fragrance are especially attractive to those who come from the North, 
 where snow and ice greet the eye on every hand. Instead of snowballs the visitor 
 may obtain an exquisitely arranged bouquet or the rarest of plants, and in place of 
 sleet and ice, he will see a verdure most pleasing to the senses. Connected with 
 the gardens there is a spacious building, with large, aiiy and comfoitable rooms, 
 which Mr. Conrad kept as a private family hotel, on the Eiu'opean plan, with a 
 restaurant, where the most inviting meals, with all the substantials and delicacies 
 afforded by our markets may be obtained as heretofore, the business being con 
 tinued by Mrs. Conrad. 
 
PLEASURE EXCURSIONS 
 
 26 
 
 Carrollton Gardens, 
 
 Dinner parties, weddings, etc., will be accommodated iu the best of style, and 
 the gardens may be rented, on application to Mrs. C. F. Conrad, for private parties, 
 picnics, etc. 
 
 Carrolltou Gardens. 
 
 No visitor to our city should fail to go to the 
 
 J^. 
 
 alf-Way House, 
 
 situated Just over the bridge at the intersection of Canal street and the New Ca- 
 nal, and accessible by the Canal street cars, fare five cencs each way. The housi^ 
 
•26 N-EW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 is kept in tir-st class style, and lefreseineuts of tlie best kiud may be had at mod- 
 erate prices. In the near neighborhood are the Metaire, Greenwood and other 
 beautiful cemeteries. 
 
 United States Baf\i\acks. 
 
 A trip to the Barracks is considered one of the pleasantest excursious in the 
 neighborhood of New Orleans. The distance from Canal street is about three and 
 three-quarter miles, and the whole distance may be accomplished by the street 
 cars at an expense of five cents each way. The buildings used by the French 
 Government, and afterwards by the Federal authorities, as a barracks, were located 
 on Chartres street, just below the present residence of Archbishop Perche. The 
 present site was well chosen and the arrangements of the place are perfect and 
 complete. 
 
 MiLNEBURG, 
 
 or, as it is more popularly known, the " Old Lake End," is the terminus of the 
 Pontchartrain Railroad. It is directly on the banks of the Old Lake, and the cool 
 air always prevailing, the sails, fishing and bathing to be enjoyed, make it a favor- 
 ite resort with all wlio wish to enjoy a day away from the brick and mortar of the 
 Oresceut City. 
 
 Magnolia Gai^dens, 
 
 situated on the Bayou St. John, is a pleasant resort. Here is located the park 
 of the 
 
 New Orleans Rifle Club, 
 
 an old and favorite organization devoted to the now national pastime of rifle 
 shooting, numbering among its members many of the leading gentlemen of our 
 city. All who may feel disposed to visit their park may rest assured of a cour- 
 teous and kind reception. 
 
 Spanish Fort. 
 
 This has always been a point of interest, owing to its historical associations, 
 and may be reached by the New Orleans, Spanish Fort and Lake RaUroad ; depot 
 corner Canal and Basin streets. 
 
 New Lake End, 
 
 Is one of the most frequented resorts on the shores of Lake Pontchartrain, 
 and may be reached by the New Shell Road, a favorite drive, or by the steam 
 traina of the New Orleans City Railroad Company. 
 
mMimmiBM^M: 
 
 
 ^^^i^^^i^, 
 
 '^{^(mw^'-^p^iwr^w'^mw^ws^ 
 
 F New Orleans has fewer houses of jjublic entertainment than other cities 
 which may be dignified with the name of Hotels, the excellent care with 
 which those she has are managed, and their consequent wide popularity, 
 may justly be a matter of pride to Orleauiaus. In addition to the four 
 leading houses, of which we jireseut excellent illustrations to our readers, 
 there are a number of first class restaurants wlich also aflbrd lodgings, and in 
 other cities would be styled " Hotels on the European Plan," besides many well- 
 kept boarding houses. When all these are counted in we have abundant accom- 
 modations, clean, comfortable and pleasant, even for a great Mardi Gras rush. 
 
 iM^mm 
 
 ;jc*. 
 
 This house, which fronts on St. Charles street, and occupies about three- 
 quarters of the large square bounded by St. Charles, Carondelet, Common and 
 Gravier streets, is one of the handsomest hotel structures in America. Those who 
 have traveled much assert that the front, with its massive columns, majiy win- 
 dows and imposing cornice, is unequalled for beauty and grandeur by any in this 
 country. The magnificent furniture, commodious rooms, and sumptuous table of 
 the Su. Charles enjoyed a wide reputation in ante-bellum days, which has been 
 well maintained since the war, under the able management of Col. Eobert E. 
 Rivers. 
 
 During the summer and fall of 1878 this house was completely renovated, 
 remodelled, painted throughout, new furniture added and all the modern improve- 
 ments, including a steam elevator, introduced. The hotel was re-opened in 
 November, 1878, under the management of Messrs. Kivers & Bartels, Colonel 
 LMvers having associated with him Mr. J. O. Bartels. 
 
 No public house in the country can otter superior accommodations, or is more 
 deserving of favor with the traveling public than the " San Carlos," as it is 
 familiarly styled by our gracious sovereign the King of the Carnival. 
 
 (^)JW 
 
 mwm^. 
 
 Is situated on the corner of Camp and Common streets, in the very heart of 
 the business part of our city, and consequently in conv'^nieut proximity to all the 
 leading stores, as well as all places of public resort and amusement. Under the 
 careful proprietorship of Mr. 11. S. Morse, whose reputation as a landlord was 
 national, the ( Jity Hotel became one of the most popular houses in the country. 
 Mr. Morse was succeeded by the present i)roprietors, Messrs. Mumford & Watson, 
 who had long been identified with the house. They are both young men of energy 
 and capacity, punctual in attending to the comfort of their guests, and pleasing 
 and courteous in manner. 
 
 The City enjoys a large mercantile patronage, and is especially popular with 
 our friends of Texas and North Louisiana. The accommodations are first class 
 throughout, and from the spacious dining-room to the highest sleeping apartment 
 everything is kept clean and in perfect order. 
 
30 
 
 JOJTT 0BLEAW8 ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 This is a comparatively new structure but stands on ground hallowed by many 
 a bright memory to the older members of " the traveling public." It was here 
 that the " Old Arcade," of Joyous olden tioies stood, a hotel that in its day was 
 amongst the most popular in the country. The St. James is on Magazine, between 
 Gravier and Natchez streets, a convenient location for business men and pleasure 
 seekers. Although it does not present so large a front as the two houses already 
 mentioned, its extension towards the river gives it a large number of rooms, every 
 one of theui light,' airy and comfortable. It is under the management of Messrs. 
 flames R. Leake and Philip .1. Cai-raher, two of the best hotel men in the country. 
 
 Mr. Leake is known far and wide as a competent ottice man, affable and 
 pleasant in manner, an agreeable conversationalist, and a host whose courteous 
 bearing makes every guest within his walls feel at home. 
 
 Mr. Carrahei- is a hotel man of a quarter of a century's experience. He knows 
 what a hotel should be from the kitchen to the roof, and nothing escapes his care- 
 ful supervision. 
 
 Under the combined eftbrts of these gentlemen, the St. James has become, and 
 will ever remain, one of the leading houses of the South. 
 
 Perry House. 
 
St. James Hotel. 
 
32 iO/TT ORL£]ANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 This popular house is located ou the Corner of Caual and Baronne streets, a 
 position convenient to both business and amusements, and especiaUy well located 
 for strangers visiting our city to witness Mardi Gras and other parades, as all pro- 
 cessions pass this house and* may be viewed from its spacious galleries. 
 
 The rooms are well furnished, plenty of light and air, and every thing bears a 
 look of cleanliness and home comfort. The table is supplied with all the substan- 
 tials and delicacifis of the season, served in the best style, and a corps of polite 
 waiters are always on hand to attend to the wants of guests. 
 
 Mrs. C. Perry, since she took charge of the house, some four years ago, has 
 improved it in every particular and extended its popularity throughout oui^ adjoin- 
 ing country. 
 
 SPANISH FORT. 
 
 l^l^E of the most interesting localities in the neighborhood of New Orleans, is 
 the old Spainsh Fort, situated at the mouth of Bayou St. John, at the point 
 where the gallant Bienville, seeking a suitable location for the cajjital of 
 the infant colony of Louisiana, turned from the shores of Lake Pontchartraiu, 
 and proceeded up the little stream, seeking a place for a night's encampment. 
 The foundation of the old fort remains, and from its frowning battlements now 
 overgrown with grass, on pleasant evenings groups of gaily dressed ladies and 
 their attentive escorts, look tbrth upon the rippling waters of the lake, while 
 bevies of innocent children thoughtlessly run about the green or play with the old 
 cannon, now half embedded in the earth, relics of the days when this was consid- 
 ered an important outpost of the province. Common looking affairs these two 
 cannon are, and in our day, when the art of the destroying demon of war has 
 reached such an advanced stage of perfection, they seem like harmless things, yet 
 they possess an historic interest and were no doubt considered formidable affairs 
 by the warlike hidalgos of old Spain. 
 
 As the shadows of evening steal (jver the scene, standing amid the ruins, 
 flowers and orange trees, one can in imagination, see that adventurous band, led 
 by Bienville, as they cautiously move their boats up the winding bayou, to plant 
 the Lilies of France on the spot since made memorable, and found a city on the 
 shores of the great Father of Waters, which in time, should rival in the beauty, 
 virtue and refinement of its women, and the chivalry, fortitude and courtly man- 
 ners of its men, in the brilliancy, generosity and hospitality of its society, the 
 famed capital of their own loved France. 
 
 This place which will always be an object of curious study to those who 
 contemplate the early history of our city and State, is destined also to be here- 
 after a favorite resort ft>r those who seek to escape for a few hours from the heat, 
 bustle and turmoil of crowded bricks and mortar. 
 
 A railroad was constructed some years ago, to carry passengers to the Span- 
 ish Fort, but it was rapidly going to destruction, when rescued by the public spirit, 
 liberality and enterprise of Messrs. M. Schwartz & Bro. These gentlemen bought 
 the track and equipments, and organized a new company, of which Mr. Moses 
 Schwartz, one of our most successful young merchants, was elected President. 
 A new track was laid, the rolling stock repaired, new and comfortable passenger 
 cars built, and in fact every dei^artment placed on a good footing. 
 
 The grounds at Spanish Fort have been greatly improved, bath houses erected, 
 paviliions put up, and other arrangements made for the conifort and pleasure of 
 
SPAN-ISH FORT. 
 
 33 
 
 visitors. A series of optu air concerts luive been inaugurated, and tlie result is 
 that tliousauds of people now spend their leisure hours at Spanish Fort, on the 
 shores of Lake Pontcliartrain. It has become the liivorite family resort, and 
 troops of children and ladies may be seen every evening along the wharves, on 
 the balconies of the hotel, or walking around the handsome grounds. The hotel 
 js kept in excellent order, and refreshments of the best kind, from a splendid fish 
 dinner, to a cooling glass of lemonade, can be had at reasonable prices. 
 
 Mr. Schwartz, the President of the road, gives his personal attention to all 
 improvements, and in all his eftbrts is ably seconded by the Superintendent, Capt. 
 T. S. Williams, formerly of the Great Jackson Route, and one of the most capable 
 managers in the country. 
 
 The cars run every hour in the forenoon, and every half hour in the afternoon, 
 and the price for the round trip is only fifteen cents. 
 
THE CUSTOMHOUSE, 
 
 ►HIRTY years ago, the First Municipality of New Orleans offered the 
 
 ' United States its choice ot several squares, to be conveyed in fee simple, 
 
 provided a Customhouse, worthy of the growing commerce of the city, 
 
 t would be erected on the ground chosen. The United States accepting 
 the proposition, the Secretary of the Treasury selected the " Custom- 
 house Square" as the most eligible of those offered, and in a short 
 time thereafter the plans of A. T. Wood were adopted, November 22d, 
 1847, and the work commenced October 23d, 1848. A thirty years' review of how 
 the work has been conducted on this St. Peters of New Orleans, would be alto- 
 gether incompatible with the space or business of a guide book ; suffice it that 
 the work umn carried on with greater or less expedition, according to the means at 
 disposal, till the war, when, for a time, it was entirely suspended. When work 
 was recommenced, under Colonel Morse, the buiJtliug was literally filled with 
 rubbish of all sorts. To remove this and finish the portion now used as the Post 
 Office was the first task of this gentleman and his skilled assistants. How well 
 they have performed their labors can easily be seen by a visit to the building. 
 Next the completion of the 
 
 BUSINESS ROOM 
 
 engrossed their attention. 
 
 A glance at this beautiful room, the finest business room in the world, is all that 
 we can give. The size of the entire room is 125 x 95 feet ; the height — from floor 
 to glass dome or ceiling — fifty-four feet. Fourteen lofty columns are placed so as 
 to give the central part of the room, a space of 45 x 05 feet, for the use of the 
 general public, and outside of that for the accommodation of the ofl&cers and clerks. 
 The columns are of the Corinthian order with attic bases; the lower portion of the 
 shafts plain and polished ; the capitals varied to allow designs indicative of the 
 purposes of the room. At the top of each capital is a basso relievo of Juno, and 
 another of JVIercury, and designs of cotton and tobacco plants. These are so 
 arranged that each faces its opposite on every column, and by looking at foui" 
 capitals from any ijosition, all the designs can be comprehended at a glance. The 
 floor is laid out, in imttern, of black and white marble, in tiles, each two feet 
 square, with borders in black marble from column to column. Sixteen light holes 
 are cut in the floor, foiu' feet six inches in diameter, floored with glass one inch 
 thick, cast on a hammered surface ' to break the rays of light, and ground to a 
 smooth surface, preseutijig the appearance of green marble. Each plate is the 
 centre of a star, handsomely inlaid with black marble. The room is heated by 
 steam, the steam coils being suspended in the floor from the arches, and shielded 
 by hexagon i)edestals with marble tops. 
 
 Altogetlier, the room is a wonderful triumph of the art and genius of man, and 
 must be seen to be understood or appreciated. 
 
 To Mr. John J. Hannan, former Superintendent, much praise is deservedly 
 given for the able manner in which lie conducted the finishing of the Post Office 
 department of the building, and also for the work done on the magnificent room 
 which is the subject of our sketch. 
 
PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 
 STATE HOUSE, 
 
 60 
 
 Formerly known throughout the country as the St. Louis Hotel, was built in 
 1841, and was for many years one of the most famous hotels in the South. It was 
 within the walls of this magnificent structure that the people of New Orleans 
 entertained Henry Clay in the winter of 1842, in a style commensurate with the 
 wealth and refinement of the then prosperous and hopeful Crescent City, and iii 
 its famous ball room, the Convention to frame a new State Constitution met in 
 1843, which embraced almost every man of influence and talent in Louisiana — 
 
 John E. Grimes, Pierre Soule, Roman, Downs, Eustis, Brent, Marigny, Conrad, 
 and such other distinguished gentlemen, scholars, statesmen and patriots. Its 
 elegant rotunda was used as a Chamber of Commerce, Board of Brokers and 
 Cotton Exchange room, as well as for the political meetings of the Whig and 
 
36 
 
 JSrUW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Democratic parties, or for those of charitable or other purposes. This time- 
 honored building-, around which so many ennobling- and pleasing memories cluster, 
 has for several years been used as a State House. The building- is on St. Louis 
 street, between Ohartres and Eoyal. 
 
 CITY HALL. 
 
 Corner of St. Charles and Lafayette streets, contains the different municipal 
 business rooms, Treasiu-er's office, Lyceum and Library, etc. It is a large, commo- 
 
 City Hall. 
 
 dious and handsome structure of brick, marble and stone. The front is |"of the 
 Grreciau Doric order, and rCmarkable^for the graceful beauty of its stately columns. 
 
 NEW MASONIC HALL, 
 
 of which the foundation and corner stone alone are laid, will, 
 (Hie of the tiuest and most beautiful in our city. It will front 
 just above Lee Place, and be of large dimensions, having 
 de])th 92 feet, and two wings 38 feet wide by 84 feet deep. 
 
 The corner stone was laid on Febru^iry 15, 1872, witli all 
 [)osing rites of Masonic ceremonies. It is a beautiful block 
 mountains of (leorgia, and a present from the Grand Lodge 
 Masonic (irand l)odies, and many of the Lodges, occupy the 
 St. Charles street, opposite Commercial Pla(;e. 
 
 ST. PA TRICK'S HA LL. 
 
 when completed, be 
 on St. Charles street, 
 a front of 147 feet, 
 
 the solemn and im- 
 of granite from the 
 of that State. The 
 old Masonic Hall on 
 
 Corner of Camp and Lafayette streets, built for the St. I*atrick's Hall Associa- 
 tion, was added to the tine buildings of our city, witliin the last few years, the 
 corner stone being laid March 17, 1874. Tlie building, which is the result of the 
 energy and i)nblic s])irit of a few well known citizens, is one of the most elegant 
 and spacious in the South, and is Justly a matter of pride to the projectors of the 
 enterj)rise. The lofty and spacious concert room is one of the finest in the United 
 States, and has already achieved an extensive fame for the magnitude and beauty 
 of its proportions. 
 
PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 
 
 37 
 
 THE PAR IS It PRISOXS. 
 
 These editices, which are three stories hioh and built of brick, at a cost of 
 about |!200,00(>, are situated between 8t. Ann and Orleiins streets, occupying 123 
 feet on each, and a space of 139 feet between thein. They are two in number, 
 divided by a wide passage way. The main buihling lias its principal entrance on 
 Orleans street, which is closed by strouff iron doors. Tiie lower story is used as 
 ofaces and apartments of the jailor. The second and third stories are used for 
 prisoners, and are divided into large rooms. 4'he building i<^ surmounted by a 
 pa\illion with an alarm bell. 
 
38 
 
 NEW ORLEANS ILLUSTBATUI). 
 GBUNEWALD HALL. 
 
 This palatial structure, one of the happiest design^s of the deceased architect, 
 Hillyer, is situated on Baronne, between Canal and Common streets, a central 
 location which makes it convenient to the leading hotels of the city, and to all the 
 street railway lines. 
 
 It is of extensive proportions, having- a front on Baronne street of 103 feet by 
 a depth of 160 feet, and was built by that prominent and enterprising merchant, 
 Mr. Louis Grunewald, in 1873. 
 
 The entrance to the upper stories of the building is in the centre of the front, 
 a spacious stairway of easy ascent leading to the vestibule, parlors, dressing-rooms, 
 the now famous concert hall, and other rooms. The walls throughout are finished 
 in elegant style. Those of the principal hall, the concert room, a spacious apartment 
 100x51 feet, being superbly frescoed, and decorated with portraits of the ancient 
 and modern leading musicians of the world. It has a seating capacity of 1000, and 
 
 Grunewald Rail. 
 
 has been ijronounced by De Murska, Wilhelmj, Hans von Bulow, and others com- 
 petent to give an opinion, to have the most perfect acoustics of any hall in 
 America. 
 
 The extensive lower tloors, ISTos. 18, 20 and 1!2 Baronne street, are occupied by 
 the proprietor as a music store, and show rooms for his very large stock of pianos, 
 organs, and wind and string musical instruments, and even this large space is often 
 crowded, as Mr, Grunewald represents and has the exclusive general agency of 
 
PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 
 
 39 
 
 the renowned pianos of Stein way & Sous, W. Kuabe & Co., and the great Paris 
 manufacturers, Pleyel, Wolff" & Co. Keeps all styles of parlor, cabinet, upright, 
 and graud pianos of other celebrated uiakes, the organs of Clough & Warren, and 
 Pelonbet, Pelton & Co., instruments which have taken the lead in the market for 
 years. German and French accordeons, instruments for brass bands, banjos, 
 guitars, flutes, clarionets, drums, music boxes, standard and popular sheet and 
 bound music, and all and everything else which is (comprised in a leading music 
 emporium. 
 
 MECHANICS' INSTITUTE. 
 
 This substantial and stately building is on the east side of Dryades street, 
 near Canal, and is one of the finest in the city. On the lower floor is the library 
 
 Mechanics' Institute, 
 
 and committee room of the Kew Orleans Mechanics' Society. It was in tliis edifice 
 that the State Senate and House of Eepresentatives, met pre\ious to the selection 
 of the St. Louis Hotel for a State House. 
 
 NEW OBLEANS GAS WORKS. 
 
 The first gas used in this city was in the Camp Street Theatre, owned by the 
 late James H. Caldwell, to whose energy and enterprise New Orleans is much 
 indebted. The first gas company was formed in 1829, but did not succeed, and 
 
40 
 
 J^EW OKLEAKS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 gas wa« not regularly iutroduced into the city until LSo4, when, by Mr. Caldwell's 
 efforts, a eimipany was formed, whieh lias ever since been one of the most prosper- 
 ous corporations of our city. 
 
 The works, which are said to be the best constructed of their kind in tliis 
 country, are about a mile from the river and occupy the whole of the square 
 bounded by Gravier, Perdido, Magnolia and Locust streets. 
 
 The offices of the comi)any are in the elegant building corner of Common and 
 Baronne streets, one of the most costly and showy structures of which our city can 
 boast. 
 
 The present officers of the company are: James Jackson, President; Theo. 
 Forstall, General Superintendent ; Victor Vallois, Secretary ; F. E. Richmond, 
 Treasurer. 
 
 ODD FELLOWS' HALL. 
 
 This building, on Camp, between Lafayette and Poydras, is, as its name indi- 
 cates, the temple of the I. O. O. F., in our city, and is of national fame, on account 
 of its use, and for the many brilliant assemblages that have graced its spacious 
 
 Odd Fellows' Hall. 
 
 and beautifully linished ball rciom. The Lodge rooms are said to be withtmt equals 
 lor arrangements and ai)pointments, and this rapidly increasing Order iniiy well 
 cougratulate itseli* on giving to New Orleans one of the chief ornaments among 
 the public buildings. 
 
PUBLIC BUILD TKG(^. 
 
 41 
 
 Gas OfBce, Corner of Baronne aud Common Streets. 
 
 EXPOSITION BUILDING, 
 
 This elegaut building, situated 
 betweeii Julia and Girod streets, 
 has a front of 85 feet on both St. 
 Charles and Caroudelet streets, 
 and runs through the square by 
 straight lines 341 feet. Besides 
 other large well finished rooms 
 for various purposes, it has a con- 
 cert hall 1 70x81, with a 41 foot 
 ceiling, in which the King of the 
 Carnival giv^es his receptions and 
 balls on Mardi Gras. This is 
 decidedly the handsomest room 
 of tlip kind in the South. 
 
 Kxpoaition Buildiiie. 
 
.E have no lofty mountains, towering in majestic proportions to the skies, 
 no vales lingering between snow-capped hills, no musical streams mean- 
 dering over rocks and cliffs to the ever surging sea. But we have broad 
 sa\ annas, and fertile i)lains bearing the richest wealth of the world. On these are 
 the most exquisite foliage and most beautifid tlowers, enriching the air with 
 their perfume. The sweetest zephyrs float gently through the leaves bringing 
 calm delight to all true lovers of the beautiful in nature. 
 The favorite drive for the majority of visitors is on the 
 
 SHELL ROAD 
 to the New Lake End, via Canal street. Another most enjoyable drive is by 
 
 WASHINGTON AVENUE, 
 going up St. Charles street, passing Lee Place, and some of the most palatial resi 
 dences of the city, till the Avenue is reached. 
 
 CARROLLTON. 
 
 The route is directly up St. Charles street, through the pleasautest vicinities 
 in the city. Another very pleasant drive to CarroUton is, to follow St. Chnrles 
 street as far as Napoleon Avenue, through that street and up the river bank. 
 
 One of the most rural in surroundings of our drives, is that over the old 
 
 METAIRIE RIDGE ROAD, 
 
 Out Canal street to the Half- Way House; to the right, pass directly forward 
 between the house and the Metairie Cemetery, down to the bridge. Here take the 
 road towards the city, which leads through beautiful scenes to the rear of and 
 above CarroUton. Down the river bank to Napoleon Avenue, thence to St. 
 ( harles street. 
 
 GENTIL.LY ROAD. 
 
 Canal to Claiborne street, down that street to Esplanade, thence to Ceiitilly 
 Load and along the road for about three miles, passing the Fair Grounds and 
 .Jockey Club Park. 
 
 A most interesting drive is 
 
 DOWN THE RIVER BANK, 
 
 passing immense cotton presses, all in full working order. The United States 
 Barracks and the Ursuline Convent can both be visited by this route. Tlie stu- 
 dent of history will naturally wish to visit the 
 
 BATTLE GROUND, 
 
 where glorious Ohl Hickory and his men, achieved their victory. Chalmette is 
 about live and thre<' quarter miles below the city, and a very pleasant method of 
 reaching it is by a drive down the river bank. 
 Among the many ways of reaching the 
 
 FAIR GROUNDS, 
 
 is that of driving out Canal street to Broad, thence to Esplanade, and down the 
 latter street to this delightfid resort. Broad is a shell road and is ui excellent con- 
 dition, while Esplanade is one of the most spacious and elegant avenues in the city. 
 
. ^,,, _ _, — °^° s(^!s^^ 1 
 
 ^ 
 
 HJUHE markets of New Orleans form a distinctive feature in its customs, and the 
 §H stranger who fails to visit theiu during hours of sale, misses a variety in 
 trading that cannot be found elsewhere. 
 
 FRENCH MARKET, 
 
 This, the pioneer of public markets in New Orleans, was located during the 
 Spanish supremacy. The first building, on the site of the present meat market, 
 was destroyed by the hurricane of 1812. The present oue was built in the follow- 
 ing year, according to the designs of J. Piernas, City Surveyor, at a cost of about 
 $30,000. 
 
 The French Market, taken as a unity, is of an irregular ground plan, having 
 been constructed at different periods, and may be described, in general terms, as a 
 very plain specimen of the Roman Doric order, supported by brick pillars, plas- 
 tered, and covered with a slate roof. 
 
 
 Fi-ench Market. 
 
 -:*&: 
 
 There are three distinct and separate market places comprised in this one 
 mart, the Meat Market, the Vegetable Markets, and between these, the Bazaar 
 Market. The first is what its name implies, a place where meats are exposed for 
 sale. In the second, vegetables of all kinds, and fish, game, fruit and flowers, 
 have each their separate departments, while in the Bazaar, every possible article in 
 the dry goods line may be procured. Each market is separated from the other by 
 a street, and these spaces are, during market hours, literally covered with stands 
 on which every conceivable nic-nac is offered for sale. Then such a confusion of 
 
44 NEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 tuugues; Fieiich, Italiau, Spauisli, Butch, German, aud scores of other foreign 
 uiarchauds, extolling, each in his native patois, the quality and cheapness of his 
 article of trade, or, perhaps, in disgust at your ignorance of foreign dialects, try- 
 ing to tell you the merits of their wares, in English that bids utter defiance to 
 etymology. 
 
 To see the French Market in its glory one must go there on a Sunday morn- 
 ing between five and ten o'clock, and, if at all sensitive, put his corns in the best 
 order, his temper ditto, then there is no fear. An hour spent in this modern 
 Babel will fiu-nish the visitor, particularly if he be a stranger, with odd sounds 
 and scenes enough to supply subjects for speculation aud amusement, for many a 
 day at least. By all means visit the French Market. 
 
 POYDRAS MARKET. 
 
 This smaller and second edition of the old time markets, was built in 1837 
 on ground ceded by the Carrollton Railroad Company, " for the accommodation 
 of the inhabitants in the rear of the second municipality." Now buildings extend 
 for miles in the rear of the market, while in its immediate neighborhood are some 
 of the best business locations in the city. 
 
 ST. MARY'S MARKET. 
 
 This market derived its name from the fact of having been built for the con- 
 venience of the residents of the " Suburb St. Mary" and was, for quite a number 
 of years after it erection, considered very far up town. It is a very extensive 
 building, but owing to the rapid spreading of the city in the up river direction, and 
 the consequent removal of families, not over two-thirds of the space is now occu- 
 pied ; newer and more central markets taking the lead. Among these the 
 
 MAGAZINE STREET MARKET, 
 situated between St. Mary aud St. Andrew streets. Magazine and Old Camp 
 streets, is one of the best supplied and patronized. 
 
 KELLER MARKET. 
 
 This l)uilding, the result of the private enterprise of the gentleman whose 
 name it bears, is situated in the rear of the upper part of the Fourth District, 
 between Felicity and St. Andrew, Locust and Magnolia streets, and is a great 
 convenience to the residents of that locality. 
 
 Besides these leading market-places, there are many others; those of most 
 importance are : 
 
 SECOND STREET MARKET. 
 Corner Dryades and Second streets. 
 
 NINTH STREET MARKET. 
 
 Magazine, between Ninth and Harmony. 
 
 CLAIBORNE MARKET, 
 C'laiborne, between Gasquet and Common. 
 
 CARROLLTON MARKET. 
 
 J )ublin, corner Second, Seventh District. 
 
HERE is not, perhaps, another city in the United States that has so many 
 benevolent institntions as New Orleans, in proportion to its popnlation. 
 We are absolutely certain that it has not an ecpial on the face of the 
 globe in charities supported by voluntary contributions. As there are 
 nearly one hundred of these institntions, we can subjoin but a partial list. 
 
 The Poydras Female Orphan Asylum is oue of the oldest establishments 
 of the kind in New Orleans. Endowed by Julien Poydras, it possesses revenues 
 from improved real estate and other sources. 
 
 Poydras Female Uipiian Asymm. 
 
 Female Orphan Asylum, intersection of Camp and Prytania, directed by. the 
 Sisters of Charity, and supported entirely by the pew rents of St. Theresa's Church, 
 and voluntary contributions. There are nearly three hundred children at present 
 in the institution. 
 
 St. Elizabeth Asylum, Napoleon Avenue, corner Prytania, Sister Angelica, 
 Superioress, for girls. In this Asylum the girls are taught trades ; dressmaking, 
 etc., needlework of all kinds, washing, ironing and cooking, and are thus enabled 
 to earn a support after leaving the Institution. 
 
 Jewish Widows and Orphans Asylum, Jackson street, corner Chippewa, 
 Levi Shoenburg, Superintendent. One of the best conducted and supported insti- 
 tutions in the city. 
 
46 
 
 NIJW ORLEANS ILLU8TBATEI). 
 
 Grerman Protestant Asylum, State, betweeu Oamp and Chestnut. A visit to 
 this AsyhiiJi will afford pleasure to all who lov«' to see evidences of health, con- 
 tentment and industry. 
 
 Little Sisters of the Poor, Laharpe, between North Prieur and North 
 Johnson, Sister Marie Claire, Superioress. This admirable institution is devoted 
 to the care of the helpless aged and infirm of both sexes, and is one of the most 
 deserving asylums in our midst, having for its wards those whom 
 
 " Age and want, oh ! ill-matched pair," 
 have left dependant on the charities of others. 
 
 Couvent of the Good Shepherd, Bienville, near Broad, Sister Mary Kose, 
 Superioress. This house of refuge is intended for those unfortunates who are, it 
 would seem sometimes, alike disclaimed by beaven and earth. There are many 
 industries jiracticed in the institution for the support of its inmates, and many 
 contributions sent by the charitable, yet, owing to the large numbers that are 
 received in the house, the means at disposal are not equal to the demand. 
 
 St. Anna's Asylum. 
 
 St. Ann's Asylum, for indigent females, corner St. Mary and Prytania 
 streets. 
 
 Protestant Episcopal Church Home for Children, Jackson, between ( -hip- 
 pewa and St. Thomas. 
 
 Industrial School and Model Farm of Our Lady of the Holy Cross, Refinery 
 and Levee, near Convent. 
 
 Asylum for Destitute Orphan Boys, South side St. Charles, between Valmont 
 and Dufossat, Sixth District. 
 
ASYLUMS. 
 
 47 
 
 Providence Asylum for Colored Female Childreu, Hospital, corner North 
 Tonti. 
 
 Home for the Aged and Infirm, Annunciation, southwest corner Calliope, 
 Mrs. Eleanor Stokes, matron. 
 
 St. Vincent Asylum. This institution, better known as the " Baby Asylum," 
 is situated at the corner of Race and Magazine streets. It is under the direction 
 of Sisters of Charity, and is devoted to the care of little girls, wholly or partial 
 orphans. 
 
 St. Vincent. Aavliim. 
 

 l^M^ .=^*5!=.4^r^=r^^^r=:=r^4..z^)f?^ f^ 
 
 Y ■ 
 
 [Y ®F MUSIC 
 
 'his place of amusement is deservedly popular witli all who find themselves 
 '' within our gates." Its name is never mentioned by our citizens except 
 with a smile and exi)ections of pleasure, and especially is this so with ladies 
 and children, to whom the " Academy Matinees " are always enjoyable 
 events. 
 
 The building' was erected in 1853, by George C. Lawrason, Esq., for its x)resent 
 proprietor, Mr. David Bidwell, and was opened as an amphitheatre by the well- 
 known circus man, Dan Rice. 
 
 En 1854 it was changed to a regular theatre, and as such has held a front rank 
 ever since. The interior arrangements are admirable. Neat and convenient recep- 
 tion aud dressing rooms are provided for ladies and children. An elaborate steam 
 apparatus supplies the auditorium with hot or cold air, according to the season. 
 The seats are comfortable and the decorations elegant and attractive. Every 
 arrangement has been made for the safety" aud comfort of guests. 
 
 The i)ast season, notwithstanding the cry of dull times, was one of the most 
 X)rosperous in the story of this popular resort. Since the doors were closed on 
 the overflowing house of the last night, the theatre has been thoroughly recon- 
 structed. The entrance has been enlarged aud beautified, the interior repainted, 
 a new drop curtain adorns the front of the stage, and when, early in September, 
 this veteran manager throws open his doors, everything will be new, pleasing and 
 attractive. 
 
 Mr. Bidwell takes great pride in the i)rofessiou, and superintends in person 
 the entire business of his whole theatre. 
 
 A series of entertainments are given which embrace the leading artists in all 
 departments of the histrionic art, i)resenting a round of amusements which never 
 fail to draw crowded houses, and give entire satisfaction to the patrous of the 
 theatre. From the an^angements made, we have no doubt the coming season will 
 be one of the most brilliant ever known in the history of the Academy, and a visit 
 there cannot fail to be productive of much pleasure and enjoyment. 
 
 ITAmiETIBg TMBATKIS. 
 
 This gem of a theatre, on the north side of Canal street, between Dauphine 
 and Burgundy, is the successor of the famed old Gaiety, afterwards Variety 
 Theatre, which was situated on Gravier, between Oarondelet aed Baronne, where 
 the elegant building of the New Orleans Cotton Exchange now stands. The old 
 Variety was destroyed by fire in 1854, and again a few years ago, when the Asso- 
 ciation concluded to locate their new building in a more ]irominent jiosition. The 
 present site was selected, and soon the New Varieties Theatre sprang into 
 existence. 
 
 This Association, formed of the leading men of New Orleans, has spared no 
 expense in the construction of this favorite place of amusement, which is elegant 
 and complete in all its ax^pointments, aud has the finest entrance of any theatre 
 on the continent. The Gaiety, under the management of Tom Placide, gained an 
 extensive and enviable reputation, and it would seem as if the New Varieties was 
 
50 
 
 iVEW OHLEAiViS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 to rival its predecessor in this respect, as it has, so far, been particularly favored 
 in its representations and management. 
 
 Mr. Thos. A. Hall, who has been lessee and manager of the Varieties for the 
 past two seasons, is one of the best directors of amnsements in the country. His 
 selections of combinations have given to the i^atrons of the Varieties, a series of 
 entertainments which have firmly ostablished him in the favor of our people. We 
 understand that he has made arrangements for a brilliant season, which will 
 probably commence about the 1st of (5ctober. 
 
 cha: 
 
 TMBATl 
 
 St. Charles street, between Commercial Place and Poydras streets, is an old time 
 landmark, and favorite with the people of JSTew Orleans. It is a spacious and 
 commodious building, well arranged, and has a national reputation as an histrionic 
 temijle. 
 
 -/fVwCHx 
 
 Opera House. 
 
DAVID BIDWULL. 51 
 
 This spacious structure was erected in 1859, under the auspices of the Opera 
 House Company. 
 
 It is situated on the corner of Bourbon and Toulouse streets, having a very 
 elegant front on the former, and is considered one of the finest iDuildings of the 
 sort in the United States. 
 
 The interior is arranged and sui)plied with all the care and convenience 
 required in a first class Temple of the Muses, tae spacious stage, and scenic 
 apparatus being particularly appreciated and noted by artists and visitors. 
 
 DAVID BIDWELL. 
 
 The subject of this sketch, whose name is familiar ''from Maine to California," 
 was born in June, 182 ! , in the town of Stuy vesant, on the Hudson river, in the 
 State of New York. 
 
 His father commanded one of the magnificent steamers of the Hudson Eiver 
 Association, at that time the largest combination of steamboats in the world, and 
 at the age of foiu-teen years young Bidweil accepted a berth on his father's boat. 
 This life he followed for eight years, plying between New York and Albany or 
 Troy. This was an excellent school for one who was destined to cater for the 
 public, and his knowledge thus gained — for through it he met all classes, rich 
 and poor, proud and lowly, the educated and refined, and the rough and ready — 
 has served him in later years, enabling him to gather success in a business where 
 so many have failed. 
 
 When he left the river Mr. Bidweil opened a restaurant on Nassau street, 
 opposite the Post Office, in New York, which he conducted successfully for about 
 eighteen months. 
 
 After this he fitted up the famous Empire House, named after a favorite 
 steamboat of the day. This house became the headquarters of the celebrities of 
 that time, and from it originated the Empire Club, of which Mr. Bidweil was first 
 secretary, and to which was due, in a large measure, the election of President 
 Polk. 
 
 Mr. Bidweil came to New Orleans in November, 184(>, and engaged in the ship 
 chandlery business, in the Triangle Buildings, with his brother Mr. Harry Bid- 
 well, the firm being H. Bidweil & Co. The firm did a large and successful busi- 
 ness, having, besides a good trade from ordinary sources, the supplying of the 
 Government transports for the Mexican war. In 1850 they bought what is now so 
 well known and widely popular as the Pluenix House, and in 1852 Mr. David 
 Bidweil withdrew from the firm, and with the late Mr. John Daniels refitted and 
 furnished the Phoenix. Mr. Daniels soon retired, and Mr. Bidweil continued the 
 business alone. In 1855 he bought the proi)erty. 
 
 The original Academy of Music was built in 1 853, and until 1855 was conducted 
 as an amphitheatre, and then as a theatre, Mr. Bidweil always being the leading 
 spirit connected with it. In 1850, Mr. Bidweil formed a coi)artnership with Dr. 
 G. R. Spauldina- and Mr. Charles J. Rogers, the tirm benig Spaulding, Rogers & 
 Bidweil, and the Academy became one of the regular theatres of the city, soon 
 winning its way to popularity under this excellent management. Mr. Rogers 
 withdrew from the firm at the close of the war. 
 
 Messrs. Spaulding and Bidweil now bought the ground and built the Olympic 
 Theatre in St. Louis, one of the finest theatres hi the West, and having leased the 
 theatres in Memphis and Mobile, they rebuilt and remodelled them. These four 
 theatres — New Orleans, St. Louis, Memphis and Mobile — made a circuit, and their 
 companies played alternately, two or three weeks at a time in each place, making 
 the first theatrical circuit ever established, and inaugurating the system of 
 traveling combinations which has since become so popular throughout the country. 
 
52 K:E}W ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 In 1867, three men, Mr. Bidwell, Dr. Spaulding and Mr. Avery Smith, pro- 
 jected one of the most extensive amusement enterprises ever undertaken. We 
 refer to the great American Champion Circus, which went to the World's Exposition 
 held in Paris in 1807, in the i)almy days of the second Empire. Each partner con- 
 tributed fifty thousand dollars, and Mr. Bidwell was chosen to accompany the 
 " show " that was to astonish the Old World. I'reparations were made on a grand 
 scale. An immense amphitheatre was built in Albany, New York, to be transported 
 across the water. The best talent in every line and the best horses were selected. 
 Circus men everywhere in the couutry took an interest, not financially, but in 
 si)irit, in the enterj)rise, and they were given the pick and choice of everything in 
 the business. 
 
 They chartered the steamship Guiding Star, and with the building, parapher- 
 nalia, over one hundred people, forty horses, the famous buffalo and other fine 
 animals, Mr. Bidwell started for the French capital. 
 
 Here difticulties and disappointmeuts awaited him. The site first assigned him 
 was too small for his building, the second he was obliged to leave on account of 
 the objections of some of the French nobility, and after several weeks of delay, 
 during which the enormous expenses of the enterprise were running on, he located 
 in the Theatre du Prince Imperial, which he was obliged to remodel at a great out- 
 lay of money. But for these ol)Structious and delays, the venture would have been 
 an immense financial success. After the opening, for three months, the average 
 daily attendance was over four thousand people. Paris was taken by storm. 
 There was not room enough in the great theatre to accommodate the crowds. 
 Everybody connected with the enterprise gained a satisfactory amount of glory. 
 Jt was the champion circus, and the jjerformers were all decoiated with medals, 
 testifying their superiority in their several specialties. They played ten months 
 in Paris and then went to r^ondon where they appeared in the amphitheatre at. 
 Jloburn Hill. During the foui- months that they were there, there never was 
 room enough in the house to hold all the people who wanted to attend. Here 
 Ml'. Bidwell met with more misfortune in the loss of health. He was sick for two 
 months, during four weeks of which time his life was despaired of. This comijelled 
 the abandonment of the balance of their European tour, which undoubtedly would 
 have been a round of grand successes. Mr, Bidwell returned home and resumed 
 his management of our Acadejuy. 
 
 At this time, 1807-'()8, Messrs. Spaulding isi Bidwell had six theatres — New 
 ( )ileiins, St. Louis, Memphis, Mobile, Paris and Havana — all in successful opera- 
 (ion at the same time. 
 
 In 1871 the firm was dissolved and Mr. Bidwell in the division of property 
 retained the Academy of Music- in this city. This he has conducted with marked 
 success and constantly increasing popularity, notwithstanding the depreciation in 
 proi^erty and the depression in business. 
 
 This success is due to the fact that he always gives the public " the worth of 
 their money." His house, the first to open and last to close, is always supplied 
 with the best of talent. He is enabled to present these attractions, because he has 
 always acted justly and honorably with the companies who have appeared on his 
 boards. This has given him a high stand in the profession, which enables him to 
 l)ick and choose the combinations f()r each season. 
 
 Aniong his fellow-citizens, Mr. Bidwell is esteemed for integrity, liberality and 
 enterjuise. Socially he is the best of companions, and in business "his w^ord is as 
 good as his bond." 
 
-^GRESGENT 4 GITY 4 RIFLE 4 GLUB.<-- 
 
 H-v 
 
 -'^^^^^^^ 
 
 ^'^^^- 
 
 J^MONG the pastimes to which the gentlemeu ot our city devote their leisure 
 I hours, none is more popular than that of riiie shooting. A few years since a 
 "'^^"^ number of the admirers of this sport, wishing to have a place where long 
 range practice could be had, resolved to form a new Riiie Club, and from this 
 resolution sprang the Association whose name heads this article. The charter is 
 dated 31st July, 1875, and recorded on the 21st of September following, the original 
 
 Crescfent City Rifle Clnb. 
 
54 
 
 yEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 being signed b.y the following well known and popular gentlemen : William J* 
 Behan, W. T. Vandry, Jolni Glynn, Jr., Wm. H. Eenand, Samuel Mullen, R. M. 
 Fauquier and James Buckley. 
 
 With their usual promptness and energy these gentlemen proceeded with the 
 work of organization, securing and fitting uj) a park. The ground selected is on 
 Bayou St. John, Just beyond the long bridge, where ample room for any desired 
 range is found. Here a handsome Club House was built, and supidied with all 
 appurtenances for the enjoyment of this invigorating and healthful sport. 
 
 The Club has three batteries, two hundred, five hundred and one thousand 
 yards each, the position of the batteries being well chosen, so as to give to the 
 marksmen the best possible light for good practice. The park was formerly a 
 plantation, one of the first under cultivation in our State. A legend is told to the 
 effect that its ancient owner, to secure his treasures from the prying eyes of the 
 world, buried a fabulous sum of gold, in a leather trunk, among the grand old 
 cedars which fill the park on the left of the Club House. Whether this be true or 
 not, the cedars are there, ranged in rows, and interspersed with full grown orange 
 trees, making delightfully shaded avenues, Just the place for a family pic-uic, or 
 a quiet ramble in flood company. 
 
 "Rnuud and round the rowan tree, out upon the green, 
 Darting- here and there about, merry 8i)irits are seen. 
 What is that to you or I ? Nouh the wiser we, 
 It' fairy elf, or fairy fay, sport upon the lea." 
 
 No spirituous or malt liquors are allowed on the grounds, and all betting is 
 strictly prohibited. 
 
 The Club now numbers about two huudred members, among whom are some 
 gentlemen who have been prominent as rifiemen for twenty-five years. Wednes- 
 days and Sundays are jiractice days, and on eithei' of these days some excellent 
 shooting may be witnessed. 
 
 Our visitors should not fail to take a trip to this delightful sylvan retreat, 
 where they will be courteously received. 
 
 The officers of the Club are: W. .1. Behan, President; W. T. Vaudry, Vice 
 President; Jno. Glynn, -Ir., Secretary; J. K. Renaud, Treasurer. 
 
 ^ 
 
 RESIDENCES. 
 
 THE homes of the Crescent City, although neither so lofty nor elegant in 
 appearance as those in many other large cities, are, as a rule, spaxdous and 
 convenient, well ventiliiled and thoroughly a(la[)tc(l to comfort, in a climate, where, 
 flowers bloimi all the year round in tlie gardens, and for nine months of the twelve, 
 open windows and fans are necessities. 
 
 The houses are, generally, two stories high, witli wi<le halls, high ceilings, 
 large windows and extensive galleries or verandas, which are considered almost 
 indispensable in this latitude. ^ 
 
 There is a noticeable absence of that sameness in ai^pearance so prevalent in 
 the cities of colder localities, blocks or rows of houses all built according to the 
 same plan, tne number alone distinguishing one residence from another, are almost 
 unknoAvn in New Orleans. Few of the dwelling houses are without some space 
 for a gar<len, a large majority have handsomely laid out grounds, many occupying 
 a quarter, or half, aiul. among the wealthy, more frequently an entire square. 
 
 Statuary is not seen so often on the lawns, as in the North and West, 
 but of rare flowers, at all seasons of the year, beautiful shrubbery and splendid shade 
 
RESIBENGEkS. 
 
 55 
 
 trees there is an abundance. This separation of dwellings has often been com- 
 mented on by strangers who have, at first, thought the resident portion of our 
 city too " scattered" looking, while, on the other hand, Orleanians visiting- Phila- 
 delphia, or other orderly cities, have been bewildered and oppressed by the, to 
 them, seemingly endless stretches of fac-similies in brick and mortar, mortar and 
 marble, windows all of a size, with shades of the same pattern and colors, and 
 front doors of exactly the same type, with the same number of steps to each, pre- 
 cisely of the same design. 
 
56 
 
 KEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 We have a semi-tropieal climate, aud ie(iuire air, au uuliinited, unobstructed 
 supply of air, so move off from oue another in order to secure it. Our cousins in 
 colder latitudes are, hygieuically, not so necessitously situated, and can live com- 
 fortably shoulder to shoulder with tlieir neighbors, so we build differently to them, 
 they to us. 
 
 While handsome dwellings may be found m all parts of our city, the streets con-, 
 sidered the most desirable for residences are Coliseum street, Prytania street, St. 
 Charles Avenue, Jackson and the surrounding streets. Esplanade and Rampart 
 streets, and Canal street from Claiborne toward the swamp. 
 
 In all these avenues there are yet many desirable locations, that may be pur- 
 chased by those who wish to establish themselves in the Crescent City. 
 
RESIDENCES. 
 
 57 
 

 to) 
 
 3ii£^ M:0:i)icfS^Mi:i 
 
 ^ C6 
 
 
 (st 
 
 'NTIL witliin the past few years, we did very little in in an iifac taring- goods 
 of any kind for lioine consnnii)tioii, reljing ui)on the products of our fertile 
 soil and genial climate, for the sources of wealth and prosperity. Lately, 
 however, much attention has been given to the manufacture, in New 
 Orleans and throughout the State, of articles of necessity, ornameut or luxury, 
 and ere many years we shall, no doubt, hear the sounds made by thousands 
 of operatives" in every branch of this most desirable adjunct to the commercial 
 ])0wer of any city. State or county. 
 
 Take the morning train by the Jackson Railroad if you wish to enjoy a pleas- 
 ant excursion. In comfoi'table cars, over a smooth road, past the flourishing town 
 of Keuner, through the long prauie swamp, over the splendid iron bridge at 
 Manchac, and then out into the pine lands, sixty-seven miles from New Orleans, 
 von will come to the station, which is put down on the Time Tables as 
 
 GULLETT'S. 
 
 Twelve years ago this was a plain forest, Uke the miles you have just passed, 
 having very little in its appearance that was inviting, and giving no promise of the 
 busy hum of industry, skill and enterprise that now mark it. The energy of one 
 man has made a prosperous village here, built and furnished a large factory, turned 
 the forest trees into valuable ])lantation machinery, and added tens of thousands 
 of dollars to the manufactured values of our State. 
 
 As you step oft' the cars, you see him standing there on the platform, one of 
 the old time men, tall and tirmly built, erect of form, with a kindly, pleasant face, 
 hair and beard whitened witli the toil of many mnters. This is Mr. B. D. (Ii llett, 
 the inventor and manufacturer of the celebrated (hdlett Cotton (iin. Condenser 
 and Feeder. You state that you have come to " visit the factoiy and look around," 
 and are cordially received. 
 
 The first place that you enter is 
 
 GULLETT'S GIN FACTORY, 
 
 a view of which we present to our readers. The building is two stories high, with 
 a skylight above, which we term the " Texas," an addition that gives to the factory 
 both air and light, besides making a very handsome finish for the exterior view. 
 In the rear or ell of the factory is situated the foundry, for it must be remem- 
 bered that (xullett's Gins, Feeders, Condensers and Presses, are entirely home 
 made, in this foundry the castings for these machines are made from a su})erior 
 iron obtained tjom the mines of Alabama and Georgia. 
 
ROM E I XT) L\S TRIES. 
 
 m 
 
60 
 
 JSrUW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 It will probably be a novelty to the visitor to see them make the saws. These 
 are made from steel which is bought in sheets, cnt into proper sizes, and then by a 
 very simple but ingenious machine, while the steel revolves, the teeth are cut, and 
 afterwards by another machine they are sharpened. 
 
 The lumber which composes the wood-work of the machines is of the native 
 pine and magnolia which grow in sight of the works. 
 
 From eight to ten machines are made per day, the gins averaging about 
 seventy saws each, and from eighty to one hundred hands axe employed. 
 
 GuUett's Magnolia Gin, with its latest improved attachments, consisting of the 
 Self Feeder and Condenser, has been tested by practical men in all the cotton 
 growing States, and every where received the highest endorsements. It turns out 
 smoother and cleaner cotton, with less nap and consequently worth more money, 
 than any other gin known. That cotton is most valuable which can be spun with 
 the least waste and trouble, and it is siicli cotton that the Gullett Gin turns out. 
 
 Planters should bear these facts in mind, and make money by saving money, 
 that is, by using machinery which will enable them to send their cotton to market 
 in the best possible condition. 
 
 Down the side street, about the distance of a long square in the city, stands 
 
 GULLETT'S SCHOOL HOUSE, 
 
 of which we here present a 
 correct picture. It is well 
 arranged for the purpose for 
 which it was intended. Four 
 rooms, supplied with conve- 
 nient desks and all the neces- 
 sary ai)]>liaiices for the in- 
 struction of the children of 
 the ncighborliofxl, arc well 
 lighted and ventilated, doors 
 and windows being ininierous. 
 These rooms are comfortably 
 tilled, and the bright, happy 
 faces of the children telL the 
 story of a well regulated 
 school, conducted with jnsti(^e 
 to all. 
 
 The school house was built 
 and furnished by Mr. Gullett, 
 who employs and pays the 
 competent teachers who conduct the institution. 
 
 x\.s soon as his factory began to flourish, Mr. Gullett commenced this school 
 for the benefit of the (children of the workmen in his employ. As business 
 developed and the immber of em])loyees increased, the number of scholars grew 
 lai'ger, and to these were added the children of such of the other citizens of the 
 place, not em])loye(l in the factory, as saw tit to take advantage of the facilities 
 for education ottered hy the school. 
 
 The numl)er of children here instructed in all the leading branches of English 
 is about one huiulred and seventy. 
 
 " A flimri.shing school, Mr. Gullett," we remarked. 
 
 " Yes, it has grown wonderfully, and the children are making tin© progress." 
 " It must be a heavy expense to you." 
 
 " Why, yes, it is," he replied, and then with a pleasant smile he added, " but, 
 do you know of any better way in which I could spend tlie money ?"- 
 We acknowledged that we did not. 
 
 On this same side vstreet, but nearer the depot — you can see it from the win 
 dows of the cars — stands 
 
HOME INDUSTRIES, 
 
 61 
 
 ME. GULLETT'S EESIDENCE, 
 
 a handsome structure, of 
 which our artist has made an 
 admirable illustration. The 
 house is two stories, with a 
 broad gallery in front, and a 
 wide hall running- through the 
 centre, at the end of which is 
 tlie spacious and well-arranged 
 dining room. 
 
 As you enter, on the left, 
 you are ushered into a large 
 parlor, handsomely lurnished, 
 and containing evidences of 
 cultivation and refined tastes. 
 
 It would be beyond our 
 province to enter into a de- 
 tailed description of the dif- 
 ferent apartments. The house 
 is large and roomy, it has a 
 comfortable, home-like atmos- 
 phere, and the inmates make a contented, happy family circle. Here Mv. Gnllett, 
 with his estimable wife and children, enjoy the fruits of a well-spent life. Theii- 
 friends are cordially received and bountitully entertained, without ostentation or 
 rigid ceremony, but with a ( uiet dignity and earnest courtesy which gives assur- 
 ance that the invitation to "make yourself at home" comes" from the heart, and 
 is really what is meant. 
 
 (^<^^\^<|<,^:^\ 
 
62 NJEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 B. D. GULLETT. 
 
 Ill pieseiitiiig a sketch of the life of this gentleman, the President of the 
 " (iullett Gin Maiiiifactiiriiig- Company,'' of Amite City, we do so because, through 
 it, we trust to make evident the truth, as old as human energy itself, that a clear 
 mind, a firm will, a business capacity of high order, marked by directness of pur- 
 pose, and recognized integrity in all the relations of life — with a little seasoning of 
 good luck — are bound, sooner or later, to win in the great struggle of the world. 
 
 B. D. Gullett ])ossesses all these. In his success, he has proved what these 
 (|ualities have been worth to make hi in what he is to-day. 
 
 He was born in Wilkes County, i^Torth Carohna, on Ai>ril 14th, 1815. When 
 he was between five and six years of age, his father removed from Wilkes County 
 to Georgia, in what is called the " Cherokee Nation." There he remained until he 
 was nineteen, when there was another removal, this time to Green County, South 
 Alabama. This Avas in 1835. Mr. Gullett s])eaks of this period of nine years as 
 being the real coinmencement of his business life. It was during this time that he 
 started — although so young a man — in the business of building. At that time he 
 was a contractor for building a store-house, with, five hands under him. What a 
 contrast, now, in his sixty-fifth year, ])ossessing an assured capital, with a high 
 and extended reputation ; with immense factories ; with an array of workmen ; 
 and preparing machinery for the x^rogressive cotton planters of the South, and, 
 through such aids benefiting, more than indirectly, the highest interests of that 
 section ! 
 
 In 1843 Mr. Gullett removed to Aberdeen, Mississippi, where he followed the 
 same business of building until 1851. But in that year he began to dream of the 
 increased usefulness and wealth which the Future was to bring to him. For it 
 was on October 9th that, at the same place, he established his Cotton Gin manu- 
 factory. In 1857 he removed to New Orleans, where he remained until the mili- 
 tary fall of that city, in 18G2. He was not among the lucky, because he was not 
 among the ]>riident, of those dark days. Burdened ^vith letters to Confederate 
 officers from loving mothers, wives and sisters, he tried, one day in July, to jiass 
 the Federal lines. He was arrested ; was tried ; was sentenced to 12 months' hard 
 labor, ball and chain, at Fort Jackson. Through the intluence of his Masonic 
 friends — he himself being a Alason — specially among whom was Captain Thornton, 
 of the I2th Maine Begiinent, he was fjivored with a new hearing, and was 
 dischargetl. 
 
 When the war closed, Mr. Gullett settled at Amite City. His fortunes were 
 l)roken. His earnings were gone. Not for this, however, did he lose heart. He 
 had a family. That sharpened his energies. He set to hauling lumber from Dr. 
 Taylor's mill to Amite City. His "capital" was not famous — it consisted of one 
 wagon and two yoke of oxen. As was to be expected, this was not a paying occu- 
 l)ation; and so Mr. Gullett went North, where his talents soom procnred him the 
 charge, as (Teueral Manager, of the Mystic River Hardware ^lanufacturing Com- 
 pany, at Mystic Eiver, Connecticut. He returned in IsG!* to Amite City — this 
 time armed with such machinery as was destined to i)rove useful in the manufac- 
 turing of machinery, such as that which he is sending from his factory at this 
 time. In his present business, Mr. (hillett (;aii claim that he has started unaided 
 by any capital save his own, su])plemented by that strength of character which, 
 in him, seems instructive, and which does not know how to recognize im])ediments. 
 
 We need but refer to the work whi(;h comes <mt of this establishment. It 
 embra(;es all the varieties of cotton machinery — cotton gins, cotton gin feeders, 
 cotton gin condensers, and cotton gin presses. His business has constantly been 
 increasing. For the year 1878, which was a good one, the number of such 
 machines turned out was 900. In 1879, up to June, the number actually delivered 
 has amounted to 440, with 370 orders ahead — in other words, fully two months 
 ahca<l of its immediate capacity to supply them. 
 
 To day, a colony of workmen is employed in this factory, The control held 
 o\er them is one which while being firm, is almost patriarchal in its kindliness and 
 
ROME INDUSTRIE tS. 
 
 63 
 
 <lirect supervision. Mr. GuUett assists the iiiajoiity of them in building good com- 
 fortable houses, which they now own. 
 
 Twelve or fourteen tenements in a village, which might well be called, in the 
 future, Gullettsville, are owned by hinj, and rented to the poorer laborers at 
 moderate rates. 
 
 We have spoken of Mr. (inllett as a practical man. To this it may be well to 
 add a few words of him as a friend of popiUar education, as a philanthroi)ist in the 
 truest sense. Seeing that the children of his workmen could not, about three 
 years ago, secure any elementary instruction, he established a school for them. 
 He appointed a capable lady teacher, Mrs. Aby, to whom he gave a salary of $155 
 a month. He built a school house for the first comers. That did not long suffice 
 for the children flocking to its desks. He built other school houses of varying 
 dimensions to correspond with the increasing number of the applicants. Now, he 
 proposes to build a school house of 40x70 feet, out of his own pocket. His 
 expenses for 1870, for this school alone, have amounted to $1,300. 
 
 If there be a counterpart to this noble record of a successful business man, out 
 of his own means, affording school advantages to the children of his employes, we 
 do not know of it. 
 
 It has thus been seen, that by a native energy, a thoughtful experience, an 
 honesty beyond reproach, a wise administration of his own resources, and a com- 
 prehensive insight into the mechanical wants of southern planters, that Mr. 
 Gullett has been al)le to change his humble beginnings int<j the broad system of 
 which he is the director, sending out, splendid engines, with the imprint of his 
 factory upon them, at once to his own honor, and to the i)rosperity of the State, 
 of which he is one of the most useful and philanthropic citizens, wliom in the 
 present crisis of her fate, she can least afford to lose. 
 
 Another notable enterprise is that of Mr. Kei.ler, who has a wide-spread repu- 
 tation as a manufactm^er of soaps. The history of this energetic and liberal 
 minded merchant, is an encouraging example of the results which may be won by 
 perseverance, industry and strict integrity. Mr. Keller commenced making soaps 
 in 1849, previous to which time, all good soap for the wholesale trade was imported 
 from the JSTorth and Eiuope, and thus many hundred thousands of dollars were 
 taken away from our city, which is now kept in circulation among our business 
 men. 
 
 
 r ^ 
 
 4'^:K 
 
04 ^:ew okleans illustrated. 
 
 KELLER SOAP FACTORY, 
 
 is situated ou tlie s<iuare bouuded by Howard, Freret, Josephine aud St. Andrew 
 streets, New Orleans. The main building is situated on Freret, reaching from Jo- 
 sephine to Sr. Andrew, and is 152 feet long by 57 feet wide, and 33^ feet high, 
 giving two high doors with large attic above. This building and its extensions, 
 reaching 235 feet on Josephine street is covered with a tine slate roof, and is put 
 i\\)on a very well laid and substantial foundation, the whole constructed with the 
 hardest paving brick, laid in water lime cement, giving the walls the strength of 
 solid granite. 
 
 The Smoke Stack 
 
 is laid upon a separate foundation, and is seventeen by seventeen feet at its base, 
 and eighty-five feet high, at its side stand two boilers, each twenty-eight feet long- 
 by forty-two inches in diameter, which are used to generate the steam necessary 
 for boiling the soap, and furnish the power for the engine. At the side of each 
 boiler stands a large w^-ought iron 
 
 Water Tank, 
 
 which is thirty feet high, by six and a half feet in diameter, made of half-inch 
 l>oiler iron, into which the i>ipes from the city water works are run, and thus is 
 kept always full of water to supply the boilers. The escape pipes from the soa|> 
 kettles are run into this cistern, to keep the water continually warm and ready to 
 be at once injected into the boilers. Leading oft" from the main building is the 
 
 South Wing 
 
 on Josephine street side, consisting of a one-story brick and wooden building, 
 covered with sheet iron roof. This is sub-divided into five departments : the first 
 one, and next to the boilers and water tank, is the wood house, then comes a store 
 house, next a blacksmith shop, then the stables for the horses and mules, which is 
 followed by the carriage house and granary. The building is about 200 feet long. 
 Opposite this, aud on the St. Andrew street side of the square, is the 
 
 North Wing, 
 
 which is a substantial one-story brick building covered with sheet iron roof, and 
 is used for cutting, drying, boxing and storing soap. In the centre of the square 
 is a very neat wooden structure, 45 by DO feet, covered with a sheet iron roof, which 
 gives shed room for the wagons and fioats, used by the establishment in hauling 
 material and soap to and from the factory. The northwest corner of this building 
 has in it the carpenter shop, where all the boxes tliat are used, together with other 
 woodwork needed in the factory, are manufactured. These buildings are, how- 
 ever, only auxiliaries to the main bnilding, in which the process of m:inufacturing 
 soap is carried on. An idea can be formed, from the following, of 
 
 The Capacity of the Factory. 
 
 The largest of the three main kettles has a capacity of 175,000 pounds, the 
 second of 120,000 pounds, and the third of ()0,000 pounds ; in which, after making 
 a liberal allowance for swelling of material when in the process of boiling, some- 
 thing like a batch of 300,000 pounds of soap can be made at one time. Aside 
 from these boilers, there are some six or eight smaller ones, ranging from 25,000 
 pounds down to 100(> pounds, some of which are used in renielting the scraps, and 
 others for the use of Castile and Fancy soaps. The large kettles are from fourteen 
 to eighteen feet high, and from twelve to sixteen feet in diameter. All are oper- 
 ated by steam, furnished by the boilers, which stand outside of the main building, 
 aud brought into the kettles by pipes, under the complete control of the operator. 
 
SOME INDUSTRIES. 65 
 
 The Very Best Materials and Chemioals 
 
 ouly are used, embracing vegetable oil, pure tallow, rosiu, etc. Formerly, Mr. Keller 
 prepared Iiis own tallow, but the great demand for bis soap Las obliged him to 
 leave that branch to other parties, and occupy his whole space and force in the 
 manufacture of soap. 
 
 After a batch of soap is boiled, a process that takes from three to six days, it 
 is allowed to cool for awhile, when it is drawn off into large frames, having a 
 cai^acity of 1200 pounds each, of which the factory has about 300, which are con- 
 tinually kept in use, as it takes from one to six days to cool a frame ready for cut- 
 ting — according to the kind of frame and the state of the weather. Mr. Keller has 
 recently invented, patented and manufactured, a very 
 
 Valuable Soap Fkame, 
 
 that enables him to cool the soap in it in two days, while its advantages to the 
 workman are from 100 to 200 per cent, over the old style. 
 
 The CuTTiNa of the Soap into Bars 
 
 is done very quickly and neatly. A large block of soa]), the contents of a frame, 
 which is fixed on rollers, is rolled from the main building into the north wing, 
 where the frame is stripped from it, when the block is squared on top, and the 
 process of cutting (commenced. This is done by wires fixed into wooden frames, 
 at the required distance to give the requisite thickness to the bars. The block is 
 commenced on the top, a slab, say two inches in thickness, is cut off, which is 
 carried to another cutting frame, where it receives the cross cut by a number of 
 wires fixed at exact distances to give each bar a uniform breadth ; and as the wires 
 pass down through it, the bars drop on to a diying frame, upon which they are 
 separated, so as to expose them to the air until 
 
 Dry Enough to Box. 
 
 This process is also very rapid. The long bars are laid upon a table as wide 
 as a bar of soap is long, one edge of which has a strip projecting abov it, against 
 which the square ends of the soap are placed ; across the middle of the table 
 is a frame high enough from the table to admit of a bar of soap passing under, the 
 table forming a part of the frame. In this frame are two or more wires, the bars 
 being stamiied with the name of the factory, and thus slid along the table or 
 through i;he bridge, w^hich brings the soap in contact with the wires and cuts it 
 into the desired length necessary for the boxes. Soap is generally put up in 45, 
 60, 75 and 90 bars to the box of 00 pounds — the capacity for cutting and boxing 
 is from 25,000 to 30,000 pounds per day. As fast as the soap is boxed, it is nailed 
 up and is ready for delivery to the consumer. The box sui)posed to contain GO 
 pounds generally contains more when the soap is fresh, so that it will be full 
 weight when dry. 
 
 Fancy and Toilet Soaps. 
 
 Aside from the vast quantities of family soaps, embracing several qualities in 
 variously-sized bars, there is attached to the factory a dei)artment for the manu- 
 facture of Castile, fancy and toilet soaps, which are made from the finest mate- 
 rials — embracing in their composition coc^oa oil, palm oil, lard, tallow, vegetable 
 oil, and the various essential oils used in perfuming them. The ])rocess of manu- 
 facturing is more of a chemical operation than the making of plain soap, and is 
 done in much shorter time, from the fact that a batch is much smaller, as only 
 one color or one flavor can be made at a time. The process of drying and cutting 
 is the same as in the plain soap, but to give it the finishing touches, it is necessary- 
 that each cake be pressed into a mould, Avhicli imi)rints the name of the soap and 
 that of the manufacturer, and gives a neat, finished shape and appearance to each 
 cake, as well as making it hard and firm. Various sizes, dies, patterns, and presses 
 are employed in this branch, as a very large variety aiul many styles are made, 
 ranging from a five to a twenty-five cent cake. 
 
 9 
 
(JO NJEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Throughout the factory there are some thirty patentable improvements 
 invented and applied to practical use in the various departments. These are the 
 discoveries of Mr. Keller in his past twenty-eight years of active application to the 
 business. The building has in it a hoisting elevator, run by steam, two stationary 
 and movable platform scales, steam pipes running to every kettle — some twelve 
 in number, and gas and water throughout. 
 
 Mr. Keller intends to build a second story to the north wing of the factory, for 
 the purpose of adding 
 
 A Candle Factory 
 
 to his establishment, and then increase his working force, giving employment to 
 many more hands, and so keep the material and money in this city which is now 
 sent abroad. 
 
 On the west end of the square is the fine residence of the proprietor, in the 
 basement of which is the chief office, which overlooks the whole factory, and the 
 buildings are so constructed that nothing can come into or go out of the square, 
 unless it passes right by the office door, and by day time from the office, and night 
 time from his sleeping room, Mr. Keller always has a complete view of his whole 
 works. 
 
 The City Office, 
 
 situated on the corner of Gravier street and Bank Place, is used for the reception 
 and booking of all orders for city wholesale and retail houses, and country ship- 
 ments J a small supply of soaps is also kept stored at tins office for immediate 
 tilling of small orders — the heavy orders and shi^jments being made direct from the 
 factory. The city office and factory are connected by telephone. This depart- 
 ment is presided over by Mr. Henry Haag, son-in-law of Mr. Keller, who superin- 
 tends the business affiiirs of the establishment, in which he is assisted by Mr. 
 George Kostmeyer, a nephew of Mr. Keller's. Both of these gentlemen are well 
 known to the merchants of New Orleans for their polite attention and business 
 deportment, and relieve Mr. Keller from a great deal of labor, which enables him 
 to give his whole attention to the factory and such other matters as may require 
 his supervision. 
 
 Mr. D. E. Pursell is also connected with this establishment as traveling 
 salesman. He \dsits all the neighboring stores, securing orders for all their 
 various lines of goods, of which a large variety is made, from the commonest 
 washing soap to the finest toilet. 
 
 J. H. KELLER. 
 
 This opulent and public-spirited citizen, a native of Zurich, Switzerland, came 
 to our country and city a little over thirty years ago, then a mere youth, without 
 money, friends, or possessions except that indomitable will, energy, and wholesome 
 economy, possessed by the Swiss in general, but which qualities Mr. Keller seems 
 to have intierited in a superior and extraordinary degree. 
 
 Among the mountains, and by the snug liresides of his native land, he had 
 learned of the great Western World, far across the sea, and of its institutions, as 
 a country where honesty, frugaUty and industry, were rewarded with esteem, 
 wealth and position, and he determined to try his fortune in the sphere where so 
 much was promised. He took passage on the ship Oregon, from Antwerp, and 
 when, with many other emigrants, he landed on the levee of New Orleans in 1848, 
 a stranger, and unfamiliar with the language of the country where he had deter- 
 mined to make his home, relying alone on his sincerity of purpose, and the strength 
 and capacities with which nature had liberally endowed him, he at once began to 
 look for work. 
 
 After some delay he obtained employment with a countryman of his, then 
 engaged in the manufacture of soap in Ereedow, now the Seventh District of the 
 
HOMH INDUSTRIES. 67 
 
 city, with whom he remained for several months, and where he probably formed 
 the plans which he has since so snccessfully carried out, 
 
 Mr. Keller then went into another establishment in the same business, on this 
 side of the river, and applying' himself to master the trade he had engaged in, he 
 soon became thoroughly acquainted with it in every branch and detail. 
 
 At no other jjeriod of his life, perhaps, has the ardent, hopefid and persevering- 
 spirit which has always marked Mr. Keller's character, asserted itself with greater 
 force than at this interval, when, avoiding all the temptations and inducements to 
 dissipation ever oi)en to the young man, he pursued his upward way, steadily 
 gaining each day respect, and a better o^union from his employers and fellow-work- 
 men, and laying the foundation of future prosperity and wealth. 
 
 In 1850, having saved a considerable sum of money, he bought a small tract 
 of land, near where Felicity Eoad and Magnolia street cross, in what was then 
 an unhealthy and unsightly swamp, but which is now, owing chiefly to Mr. 
 Keller, one of the most populous, flourishing and progressive sections of the city. 
 
 Here he commenced business for himself, and struggled and toiled unhelped 
 and unaided. But eacli year added to his store, spread the fame of his goods 
 farther and farther, and procured a ready market for them. The uni^retentious 
 maiuifactory in a short time became inadequate to sui)ply the demand for Keller's 
 Soaps, and a new one was built of large dimensions and capacities. A splendid 
 residence took the place of the humbler one ; grounds were laid out and planted 
 with shade and ornamental trees, shrubs and flowers; a large and beautiful market 
 was built entirely at Mr. Keller's expense ; houses singly and in rows were put 
 up near it for the accomodation of the market marchands, and the many families 
 emploj^ed by Mr. Keller, or those who, for other reasons, were fast seeking homes 
 in the neighborhood ; and what had been but a dreary swamp a few years before, 
 was through the energy of one man, converted into a perfect garden of loveliness, 
 and an active business locality. 
 
 The city, too, drew nearer to the Keller Settlement, spread around it and 
 beyond, till now Mr. Keller's spacious and well-appointed mansion, factory and 
 market, lie far inside the line of city limits. 
 
 Mr. Keller is still in the very prime of life, and as active in mind and body as 
 when he began his clearing in the swamp nearly thirty years ago. His industry 
 and perseverance never flags, nor does the great wealth he has amassed make him 
 less a friend to the working man than when he, too, toiled for daily bread. 
 
 Rich through his own exertions, he enjoys the good things of life with a zest 
 born of independence ; is ever among the first in advancing or carrying out any 
 project for the common benefit, particularly in that section of the city he has been 
 so signally instrumental in improving ; and lives in princely style, surrounded by 
 his estimable and refined family circle, beloved, honored and respected. 
 
 THE MORSE COTTON COMPRESS. 
 
 We present an excellent view of this marvel of strength, rapidity and 
 simplicity. 
 
 It is the largest and most powerful cotton press in the world, and has steam 
 cylinders of eighty to ninety inches in diameter. Much time and study has been 
 spent on its mechanism, and it has been perfected to meet every requirement. It 
 can be constructed with capacity for " doubling bales," and has compressed without 
 the advantage of the "hand-iudler" 1100 pounds of cotton into twenty-eight cubic 
 feet, measured out of the press. Fifteen of these j)resses have been put into oper- 
 ation in the last few months. They may be seen in the following warehouses in this 
 city: Orleans, Factors', Woods, Penn's, Louisiana, Planters, Liverpool; and in 
 the cities of Galveston, Houston, Memphis, Mobile, Wilmington, IsT. C, Rome, Ga., 
 Vicksburg and Shreveport. 
 
 They have the endorsement of the best mechanical engineers and pressmen, 
 as wonders of power, simi>licity, strength, durability and economy. 
 
«8 NEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 They have the capacity to load 4^ bales of single bale compressing and 5^ to 
 6 bales of " double bales" to each ton of ship measuremeDt. 
 
 About 400,000 jwunds of iroi;, of the first quality known, are used in each of 
 these presses. They have a speed of 00 to 00 bales per hour. They are built to 
 last for fifty years. No business in the country is so safe and profitable as com- 
 pressing cotton with a Morse Press. A handsoiiie income has been realized where 
 even as much as 20,000 bales have been secured. Tliose Avho wish full ])articulars 
 in regard to this important invention, sliould address Messrs. S. B. Steers & Co., 
 No. 185 Gravier street, New Orleans. 
 
 Morae Cotton Compress. 
 
hom:e imjdustbijes. 
 
 G'J 
 
 JOSEPH SCHWARTZ & CO. 
 
 This is one of tbe pioneer houses in the mauutacturing business of our city, 
 having been established tv\enty-eigbt years ago. The hrin is composed of 
 Messrs. Josepli Schwartz and Owen E. Sullivan, both of whom have had loug 
 practical experience in their business. The carriage maiuifacturing interest has 
 taken rapid strides in our city within the i)ast few years, anil much of this is due 
 to the energy and enter])rise of Messrs. Joseph Schwartz & Co. 
 
 Their extensive factory is situated at Nos. -11, 43, 4;") and 47 Terdido street, 
 and is a handsome structure, of which our artist has piesented a very correct 
 picture. They manufacture family carriages and buggies equal to any made in the 
 United States. Their s[)ring wagous are in use by many of the largest houses in 
 this city, Shreve])ort, Galveston, Mobile and other places, and are everywhere 
 
70 IfEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 pronounced marvels of beauty, strength and lightness. They have all the latest 
 improvements for the rai)id and satisfactory conduct of their business, and in their 
 factory employ about sixty skilled workmen. In addition to their manufacturing 
 of all wheeled vehicles, they carry a large stock of wagon, carriage and cart mate- 
 rials, and do an extensive trade in supplying other makers with such articles as 
 they require. 
 
 In all their relations they enjoy an enviable reputation for high integrity, 
 ability and lil)erality — qualities that have l)rought them an extensive and con- 
 stantly increasing business. 
 
 BROOM MANUFACTORY. 
 
 Among, the industries that have assumed importance during the past few 
 years, the manufacture of Brooms may be mentioned. We have quite a number 
 of establishments devoted to this business, one of the most successful of which is 
 that of 
 
 DUNCAN McSTRAVrCK, 
 
 No. 105 Tchoupitoulas sti-eet. Mr. McStravick lias 1»een many years iu the busi- 
 ness, and has learned its every detail by practical experience. At his well ordered 
 factory he keeps a large number of hands in constant employment, and turns out 
 brooms of all styles, superior in quality and at lower i)rices than can be obtained 
 in Northern and A¥estern Markets. He is a young man of energy and persever- 
 ance, and we are glad to chronicle that his efforts are meeting with success. Many 
 of the largest dealers in this and adjacent cities, now procure their entire supply 
 of him. 
 
 CISTERN MAKING. 
 
 In this important branch of home manufacture, Mr. P. A. Murray, No. 191 
 Magazine street, is the leading sjtirit. His factory is supx)lied with every con- 
 venience for the l)usiness, and a full corps of competent and experienced hands 
 are always employed. Mr, Murray is himself a i)ractical workman, and under- 
 standing his business thoroughly is able to turn out work that will stand the test 
 of time. Mr. Murray has prepared a very comprehensive circular and price list, 
 which he will send to any address on application made to him. 
 
 H. DUDLEY COLEMAN. 
 
 This gentleman, who was born in this city in 3845, is one of the most enter- 
 prising and public sjurited young business men of New Orleans. 
 
 When only sixteen, he enlisted as a private in the Washington Artillery, 
 Gen. Lee's Army, and served honorably during- the entire war, till Lee's surrender 
 at Ai)pomattox Court House. 
 
 His father, the late Willis P. Coleman, was the inventor of the celebrated 
 Coleman's Undulatory Corn and Flouring Mills, for the manufacturing of which he 
 commenced an establishment in this city in 1850. 
 
 Mr. H. Dudley Coleman worked in his father's factory, before and after 
 the war, and succeeded to the business, on the death of the latter, in 1868. 
 
 Eight years afterwards he associated with himself, his brother, Mr, WOl. H. 
 Coleman, the firm then becoming H. Dudley Coleman & Bro. 
 
HOMB INDUSTBIFjt^. 
 
 71 
 
 Their father had confined himself !to the manufacture of Corn and Wheat 
 Mills, but the sons added to the productions of the factory, by making Saw Mills 
 and Presses for the baling of cotton, hay, moss and hides. 
 
 Appreciating the importance and advantages of being able to supply custom- 
 ers with complete outfits in machinery, they hav'e gradually, and step by step, 
 developed into the general machinery business, for the sale of portable and station- 
 ary steam engines and boilers, cotton gins, shafting, pulleys, and such other 
 articles of machinery as are used for ginning, grinding, or sawing by steam, water, 
 or animal power. 
 
 To those interested in the improvement of machinery, or who may feel a pride 
 in the progress of home industries, a visit to the general depot of the Coleman 
 Brothers, No. 12 Union street, their extensive warerooms, No. 9 Perdido street, 
 or to their extensive factory (recently purchased) corner Magnolia and Erato 
 streets, will afford entertainment and satisfaction. 
 
 ^^^-Ccno^c^yy^/ 
 
 It is a noticeable and encouraging fact to these young men, that their firm has 
 progressed steadily during all the panics, e]iidemics and other depressing vicissi- 
 tudes, through which the people of Louisiana have passed in the last ten years, 
 a result secured alone by the closest application to business and unflagging, perse- 
 vering energy. 
 
 Mr. H. Dudley Coleman is the inventor and patentee of several valuable im- 
 provements relating to his work, and is an intelligent, close observer and student, 
 of the practical requirements of the business in which he is engaged. 
 
 In the reorganization of the Washington Artillery he took an active part, and 
 is now a member of the veteran corps of that famous and esteemed command. 
 
 Through habits of economy and industry, he has secured for himself a pleas- 
 ant and tasteful residence, where, when the labors of the day are over, he enjoys 
 the pleasures of a happy home, where loving hearts and childrens' j^rattle comfort 
 by their pleasing contrast with the fatigues of a busy day's toil. 
 
HOME IWBUSTRIBS. 73 
 
 In all relatious of life, Mr. H. Dudley Coleuiau is liiyiily (esteemed for his 
 urbane and conrteous manners, and fine social qualities, which united to his talent 
 as a recitationist, often shown in private and at public entertainments for chari- 
 table purposes, make him a favorite wherever he goes. 
 
 COLEMAN'S NEW FACTORY. 
 
 The growth of their business, the result of the superior merits of their manu- 
 factures, and their enterprise, courtesy and high integrity combined, required that 
 Messrs. H. Dudley C^oleman & Brother should have more room and additional 
 facilities at their factory. To secure these points, the have purchased the property 
 corner of Erato and Magnolia streets, formerly the foundry of ]\Iessrs. Bennett & 
 Lurgess. 
 
 Here they have ample room, and will make their own castings, as well as the 
 wood- work, of their celebrated Corn and Wheat Mills, Cotton Presses, and other 
 imjiortant plantation machinery. 
 
 Their office is No. 9 Perdido street. 
 
 Louisiana Steam Sash, Blind and Door Factory. 
 
 Nos, 299 to 307 GRAVIEB STREET. 
 
 This is one of the most important manufacturing establishmenta in our city, 
 doing a large and widely extended business, and turning out work, which in 
 <iuality, is not only satisfactory to their many customers, but creditable to the 
 taste and skill of the mechanics of our State. 
 
 The factory was started in ISoO by Mr. Robert Roberts, in connection with 
 James A. Bass and William Waterman, under the firm name of Waterman & Co. 
 In ISaO Mr. Bass retired from the firm, and Mr. John Brownlee was admitted, thus 
 consolidating the oldest and youngest factories in the city. Mr. Brownlee died in 
 1800 and Mr. Waterman in 1805. 
 
 This brought about the formation of the present widely known and highly 
 esteemed firm of Roberts &; Co., com])osed of Mr. Robert Roberts and the widows 
 of his late partners, who retain the interests of their deceased husbands, in the 
 business. 
 
 Mr. Roberts has conducted his concerns with marked success, and has made 
 his factory one of the largest of the kind in the South. 
 
 At all our State Fairs he has carried off the highest premiums for the 
 superior excellence of his work. Visitors to these exhibitio!ts cannot have failed 
 to admire the displays made by this firm, and especially the elegant work produced 
 from Louisiana woods. 
 
 Not satisfied with these triumphs at home, Mr. Roberts has exhibited at 
 foreign fairs, meeting there the same high praise as at the industrial exhibitions 
 in his own city. 
 
 At the great Paris Exposition in 1807, this factory furnished all the material 
 for the celebrated " Louisiana Cottage," to which was awarded, to the (Tnited 
 States a silver medal, and a bronze medal to the State of Louisiaua.' 
 
 Their doors, newels, &c., made of Louisiana cypress, were one of the principal 
 features of attention from the United States at the Hamburg and Altoona 
 (Glermany) Exhibitions in September, 180{>, they being the only exhibitors in their 
 line from this country. They also received honorable mention at the Faris Exhibi- 
 tion held in 1878, for their-display of cypress doors, newels, balusters, »&c. 
 
 Messrs. Roberts & Co. well deserve the praise thus bestowed uj)on them, as 
 they are prompt and correct in all business transactions, and are always amongst 
 the first in energy, enterprise and industry. 
 
 The great forests of fine woods so common throughout almost every section 
 of our Stat(% and the facilities which exist for getting their products to market, 
 invite intelligent labor and give large returns to well directed capital. No man 
 has done more to demonstrate these facts, and make them known to the public, 
 than Mr. Robert Roberts. 
 
 10 
 
7 4 N /; v^ ' oulea:s s ill juste a tub. 
 
 Mr. ThoDias H. -Tones, a geiitleiuau widely known for his energy and business 
 capacity, lias been connected witli lioberts & Co. for several years. His 
 ])ronii)tness and courtesy have made him a host of friends throughout our city and 
 adjacent country, and contribnted largely to the popularity of the Louisiana Sash 
 Factory. 
 
 The bnilding, or rather, bnildings of the Ixmisiana Steam Sash, Slind and 
 Door Factory, occupy an entire square of ground, and in the establishment, which 
 is furnished "with allthe latest improvements and ai>i)liances, about one hundred 
 persons hud employment. Orders for home consumi)tion and shipment to distant 
 places are received constantly, and executed with such promptness aud 
 care, that the close of each twelve months sees the business more extended aud 
 prosperous than it was at the beginning of the year. 
 
 ROBEKT EOBEETS. 
 
 This gentleman, who is one of the pioneers in the manufacturing interests of 
 our city, was born in liverpool, on the l(3th of August, 1823, and came to this 
 country when but eight years of age, landing tirst in Charleston, and afterwards 
 living for tive or six years in New York State. 
 
 He arrived in New Orleans in 183!). He commenced life here as a house 
 carpenter, working in the Bienville Iron Works as a pattern maker, and afterwards 
 with James A. Bass, as a ship joiner, and with whom he subsequently formed a co- 
 partnership and established a Steam Planing and Sawing Mill. 
 
 In 1801 Mr. lioberts married Miss Eliza Hammond, of Algiers. His resi- 
 dence, corner of St. ('liarles and Conery streets, is one of the handsomest places 
 in the Fourth District, a section of our city justly famed for the number of its ele- 
 gant homes. 
 
 Mr. Roberts has labored zealously for the increase and development of the 
 manufacturing resources of our State. As President of the Mechanics' and Dealers' 
 Exchange, and a Director in the Mechanics' Society, he has been active and ener- 
 getic in })romoting the interests aud enlarging the sphere of usefulness of those 
 societies. 
 
HOME INDUSTRIES. 
 
 75. 
 
 In 1851 he organized the " Pelican," the first fire company in Algiers. Besides 
 being one of the oldest members of the fire department of the city, Mr. Roberts is 
 also a Mason and an Odd-Fellow. Mr. Eoberts is the head of that staunch and 
 repnted firm Roberts & Co., i)ro]nnetors of the Lonisiana Steam Sash, Blind and 
 Door Factory, Nos. 299 to 307 Gravier street. 
 
 Mr. Roberts is a man of liberal views, highly esteemed in social life for his 
 many excellent qualities. Kind and generons in natnre, he is ever willing to help 
 in good works. Being now but in the mid-day of life, we may hope that a long 
 and bright future awaits this useful and enterprising citizen. 
 
 HORACE T, HILL. 
 
 This gentleman, wiio is one of onr oldest merchants and manufacturers, was 
 born in Hamilton, Madison County, ISTew York, in 1825. 
 
 At the age of twenty years he left his home, and going to Kew Bedford, 
 Conn., from where he ship])ed on a whaling vessel, on which he cruised about 
 Behring's Straits, the Sandwich Islands and other points. He left this ship at 
 the Sandwich Islands, and joined a free trader to go up Behring's Straits. 
 
 After this he joined the United State Marine Service, and was on board the 
 frigate Constitution, uiuler Cai)tain Jolm Perceval. The frigate returned to the 
 Charlestown il^avy Yard in 1S47, when young Hill left the service, and at once 
 came to New Orleans. 
 
 On his arrival here Mr. Hill entered the establishment of Mr. F. A. Conant, 
 who was, at that time, the leading manufacturer of soda water, mead, etc. 
 
 After six years of service Mr. Hill succeeded Mr. Conant in the business, 
 vviiich he has since carried on IVn- his own account. About this time, 1853, Mr. 
 Hill married Miss Mary A. Weaver. 
 
 Through all the ups and downs of business in our city, Mr. HiU has quietly, 
 but energetically and perseveringly, continued in the manufacture of Soda Water, 
 
76 
 
 NEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Mead, and the popular Mineral Waters, increasing his business by his courtesy 
 and fair dealing, recognized by all as a useful and worthy citizen. He now occu- 
 pies the handsome premises, which was the arsenal of that famous corps, the 
 Washington Artillery, before the war, on (lirod street, between St. Charles and 
 
 Carondelet streets. 
 
 mmm. 
 
LOUISIANA JOCKEY CLUB PARK. 77 
 
 LOUISIANA ICE MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 
 
 In our climate, ice may be classed among" the necessary articles of life. From 
 Ma}' to November, with the i)Oor as well as the rich, the healthy as well as the 
 invalid, ice is an important article of daily consumption. 
 
 For many years it was imported from the cold climate of the North, and any 
 extra demand for it was sure to create a heavy advance in price, and often ji com- 
 plete famine. During- the epidemic of 1853 the scarcity of this couimodity was 
 severelj' felt, and for many weeks it was almost impossible to obtain it at any price. 
 When these facts are consideied, the great boon conferred upon this community, 
 by the enterprise so successfully conducted by the Louisiana Ice Manufacturing- 
 Company, will at once be seen. At their extensive factory, on Tchoupitoulas 
 street near Louisiana Avenue, ice is manufactured ecjual in <]uality to that pro- 
 duced by nature. A visit to the works will repay the trouble. 
 
 LOOISIANA JOCKEY CLUB PARK, ■ 
 
 ADJOINING the Fair Grounds, is the fine property belonging to this now 
 famous club, which they ijurchased from Mr. Luling for $00,000. It has a 
 front of 500 feet on Esplanade street, by a depth of 2,500; an area of about 30 
 acres, situated on the Metairie Kidge, and consequently exemi)t from overflow. 
 The grounds are planted in choice shrubbery, and well arranged in all respects. 
 The family mansion, which has been converted into a (;lub house, is a handsome 
 three story brick edifice, with a. gallery around each story, and is exclusively for 
 the social enjoyment of the members of the club. The rooms are lofty, large and 
 airy; all handsomely furnished, and emxjloyed as restaurants, billiard and dining 
 rooms, parlors, library, reading and reception rooms. On the premises are also a 
 bowling alley, kitchen, etc., and fine stables, with room for a large nundier of 
 horses. 
 
 The gardens contain a rare and extensive <*()lle('tion*of plants. In the centre 
 of the i)ark is a lake surrounding a miniature ishiud. 
 
 The Olub was chartered in May, 1871, with the purpose of establishing a race 
 course for the promotion of racing, and improAement of the breed of horses. By 
 agreement with the Fair (irounds Association, the Club has the exclusive use of rhe 
 racecourse during tlieir Spring and Fall Meetings for twenty years, for which jirivi- 
 lege they erected the public stand, which is to revert to the Association, without 
 mcumbrance, at the expiration of tlie lease. 
 
 For the information of visitors to onr <',ity, we vo\)\ the following from the 
 '' Rules of the Club House,'' Article 13: "The Presi<lent, the Vice-Presidents and 
 Board of Directors, by vote, nmy extend to any distinguished stranger the privi- 
 lege of the Club House during his stay in the city. 
 
 '■'■ Any member of the ( 'lub may invite to the privileges of the Club House, 
 any non-resident, lor one day only, to be accompanied at all times by the member.'' 
 
78 
 
 NEW 0RLEAN8 ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Pf/T ^T/TPF' 
 
 OWING to its central location and its artistic merits, this is one of the most 
 familiar sights of New Orleans. Canal street is the great artery of the city, 
 through which the crowd of business men, pleasure seekers and fashionable 
 prouienaders circulate, and Clay Statne, standing in the most prominent jiart of 
 this popular avenue, is naturally a ])oint of interest and rendezvous. 
 
 The statue was nncovered on the 12th of April. 1850. during' the administra- 
 tion of Gerard Stitli, as M'lyor of our city. Col. J. B. Walton, of Washington 
 Artillery fame, was Grand Marshal on the occasion, and Col. J. O. Nixon, First 
 Assistant Marshal. The artist, Joel T. Hart, of Kentucky, was present; Wm. H. 
 Hunt, Esq., was orator of the day, and J. Q, A. Fellows, Esq., as Grand Master, 
 led the Masonic bodies. The inauguration occasioned one of the largest and most 
 enthnsiastic public gatherings ever witnessed in our city. It was at the base of 
 this statue that the ])eople met on the now historic " Fourteenth of September," 
 1874, and called u]>on the usurpers to surrender the ])lac.es aiul power they had so 
 long held by force. Like the "Tea Party" oi Boston, this action struck a 
 sympathetic chord in the hearts of freemen everywhere, and made the Clay Statue 
 of New Orleans a point of interest throughout the civilized world. 
 
 Cla> Statue 
 
 jcty^iao f uht/,!. 
 
CEMETERIES. 
 
 79 
 
 
 ' ''D 
 
 
 i?^ 
 
 1 ' - > ' 
 
 
 i.iiii^'A-'^'^^''^/'-' 
 
 \^ 
 
 Lt.-^lA-' l g.^ 
 
 ('ou federate Mouiiuieut. 
 
 ^3^^ 
 
 ||rWwi]SrG to the extreme moisture of the groimd iu and around the city, all ex- 
 
 cavations beyond two or tliree feet in depth are soon tilled with water. On 
 ^^ this account it is not practicable to bury under the ground in most localities 
 and the dead are, therefore, generally enclosed in vaults or tombs. 
 
 We do not think it necessary to give a list of all the cemeteries and their 
 locations, but will refer strangers to those containing tombs which are of general 
 interest. 
 
 Washinciton ■ Cemetery , 
 
 corner of Prytania street and Washington avenue, contains many beautiful souve- 
 nirs of the Confederate dead, and the monument erected by the people of Louisiana 
 in memory of their beloved friend and G-overnor, Henry W. Allen. 
 
80 
 
 NEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Firemen's, 
 
 one of the Metaiiie Kidge Cemeteries, at the end of Canal street, (outaius a mou- 
 uiiieut of Irad Ferry, the lirst tlreniaii of this city who was killed w liik^ discharging 
 his duty at a lire ; the society tombs of many of the tire companies, and other beau- 
 tiful crypts. 
 
 Greenwood, 
 
 At the end of Canal street. Here is located the Confederate Monument, erected 
 by the ladies of New Orleans in memory of the 
 
 " Brave wbo foiiglit aud fell." 
 
 A magniticent work of love, which the sculptor has aided by his tinest efforts. 
 
 Met AIR IE RiDfiE. 
 
 At the head of Canal street, across the canal. This burial ground has l)een laid 
 out but a few years, yet«'ontains many tine toiubs, and splendid \\ alUs and drives. 
 
 Old St, Louis, 
 
 Between Conti and 8t. Louis streets. The burial ground of our oldest creole 
 families. It contains many beautiful tombs and is the oldest cenu'tery iu the city. 
 
 St. Lot' is, 1, 2 and 3, 
 
 Between Customh<mse and St. Louis streets. Contains some magniticent mauso- 
 leums. No. L' holds the monument of -John Milne, " The friend of the ( )ri»lian." No. 
 1 is exclusively for colored persons. 
 
 The Protestant L])iscopal (Girod Street), at the foot of (Urod street, on 
 Lil)ertv. Tlie oldest l*rotestant burial ground in the city. Has many tine tombs. 
 
 The National 
 l)ei)ai'tment, V . S. 
 
 Cemetery 
 A., Major 
 
 /ctymoo n^iu Bna "^ 
 
 ClIALMETTE. 
 
 at Chalmette is in charge of the Quartermaster's 
 H. W. Fowler, Superintendent. 
 
 This beautiful resting place of the dead, is situated 
 on the left bank of the Mississii)pi l^i^('r, a little over 
 one mile below the Jackson Barracks. The ground 
 was donated by the city in 1865, aud was laid out 
 by Captain Chas. Barnard. 
 
 There are 12,192 graves — 6,91o of these are 
 classed as Known, and 5,279 are marked " Cnknown." 
 The following named States — twenty-three in 
 number — have contributed their quota to swell the 
 grand aggregate: Maine 631, New Hami>sbire 120, 
 Vermont 294, Massachusetts 446, Rhode Island 69, 
 Connecticut 223, New York 626, New Jersey 8, 
 Pennsylvania 41, Maryland 24, Ohio 168, Indiana 265, 
 Illinois 293, Iowa 149," Michigan 226, Wisconsin 240, 
 Minnesota 14, Kentucky 22, Tennessee 14, Missoim 
 151, Kansas 3, Louisiana 330, and Texas 19. 
 
 The Regular Army 396, Navy 233, (^) mi rterm aster's 
 Department 64, Commissioned Oilicers 67, TJ. S. 
 Army 1,670, colored. Miscellaneous Known 167. 
 
 The Monument in course of construction is a gift 
 from the Joseph A. Mower Post No. 1, G. A. R., 
 The Building Committee being Col. Wm. Wright, 
 
 Proposed Moniuuent at Chalniette. 
 
 Department of Ijouisiana. 
 
 (^ol. Wm. Roy, and Major James R. Howell 
 
 The beautiful custom of decorating the Soldiers' Graves, takes place annually 
 ou the 30th day of May. 
 
OUR HOLIDAYS. 
 
 81 
 
 Receiving Vault at Chalmette Cemetery. 
 
 The last decoratiou brought to life a 
 spirit of friendship of a true soldierly 
 oharacter — the blue and the gray com- 
 mingling. 
 
 The Veterans of the Army of Northern 
 Virginia, the Orleans Battalion of Artil- 
 lery and the Continental Guards, pre- 
 sented with the Veterans of Mexico, a 
 soldiers' tribute to the memory of the 
 dead Heroes, who rest beneath the green 
 mounds of Jackson's celebrated battle- 
 held. 
 
 ^ 
 
 :<► 
 
 TTTE have often heard it remarked, by those who devote all their time and 
 VV energies to the acquirement of the almighty dollar, that "ISTew Orleans has 
 more holidays than any other city in the Union." This is very true, and they 
 might as truthfully add: "And its i)eoi)le enter into their observance with a 
 greater vim and zest, than would any other eoinmunity on the continent." 
 
 If ever any of our celebrations ha>T lacked in euthu!>!iasm, or been postponed 
 or omitted altogether, business has not seemed to gain any by the circumstance, 
 and soon, even the most matter of fact of our citizens, began to reason that there 
 " is a time for laughter," which should be im^jroved and enjoyed — pro^^ng that 
 
 "A little folly, now and then, 
 Is relished by the wisest men." 
 
 The greatest of our fetes — the one that has attracted most attention at home 
 and abroad — is that one best known by its French name, 
 
 MARDI GRAS, 
 
 or Fat Tuesday, the day pr.xeding Ash Wednesday, the first day of Lent — a 
 season which is kept very strictly by our Catholic and Episcopalian citizens, yiul 
 is, in some degree, observed by certain other Christian denominatious. 
 
 This ancient holiday is now famous thi-oughout the length and breadth of the 
 laud. Its observance in New Orleans, as a day of " masking and making gay," is 
 a custom we owe to the chivalrous knights and geutlemen who founded our city ; 
 and to the leal Orleanian, it is dear as one of the most cherished usages of his 
 ancestors. 
 
 It would be impossible, iu a work 'like this, to give even a faint idea of how 
 Mardi Gras is kept in the Crescent City. It is a day of general hilarity, pomp, 
 pleasure and display ; the culmination of months of thought and planning ; of 
 
 11 
 
82 
 
 NEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 artists working and inventing- ; uiodistes' thoughtful ingenuity and devising ; of 
 grown-u]) people's wildest dreams of mirth, and the children's realization of fun 
 and frolic. Crowds of maskers throng the streets from an early hour, and are 
 finally marshalled in the procession of his Majesty Eex, the King of the Carnival, 
 and form the rear-guard of that most imposing display, which has of late years 
 been grand artistic, elegant, refined, and gorgeous beyond description; the sub- 
 jects chosen for illustration being the conce]>tions of genius, embellished by art, 
 
OUR HOLIDAYS. 83 
 
 and are the results of consultation, time, money and labor, expended by gentlemen 
 of taste and ability, in order to present a pageant worty of the occasion. 
 
 After the Kiug's processiou, the maskers go about the streets in whatever 
 order or disorder they please, but are, of course, subject to restrictions and the 
 
 law, as on other days. 
 
 "To portray half the characters seen on this day, 
 Fantastic, grotesque, classic, solemn or gay, 
 Would be just such a hopeless and intricate task, 
 As to tell who the persons are under the masks. 
 
 Here are kings, queens and princess in gorgeous attire, 
 
 Knights, pages, -and Cupids with hearts all a fire; 
 
 And birds of che air, and fish of the deep, 
 
 Prosperines, Plutos, Robin Hood's, and Bo-Peeps. 
 
 Pompous Sambos and Dinahs without stint or limit, 
 
 Ugly imps with long tails, which they whisk every 'minute 
 
 Round somebody's limbs, and then laugh in their glee. 
 
 As the Fates or the Fairies in wonderment flee. 
 
 There are Tantalus, Minoture, Cerberus, Charon, 
 
 Chinese with long cues, and the Pride of the Harem, 
 
 Gods, mortals and angels, monks, nuns and Minervas, 
 
 Immediately followed by hosts of infernals. 
 
 Boys in petticoats mimicing pert little belles. 
 
 Girls in pants, whose bold strutting their sex at once tells. 
 
 Dear old Mother Goose with her silly son jack. 
 
 And the Man of the Moon with the sticks on his back, 
 
 Evening Stars, and Auroras, Hate, Hope and Hypocrisy, 
 
 And a cod's head burlesques the Fish Aristocracy. 
 
 Indeed there is nothing the mind can invent. 
 
 From above or below, that they don't represent ; 
 
 And in groups or processions, one by one or in dozens. 
 
 They pass and astonish our dear country cousins. 
 
 Who've come in on a visit, in crowds not a few, 
 
 To see all the shows, and the grand Mistick Krewe, 
 
 Which for long years has been to the sight of this day. 
 
 The crown and the glory of pageants, all gay ; 
 
 And whether they represent history or chance. 
 
 The Vices or Virtues, common facts or romance. 
 
 Their tastes and conceptions are faultless and true ; 
 
 And there's only one drawback — between me and you — 
 
 To their festivals, chaste as fire worshippers' flames; 
 
 None know where they come from, and none know their names; 
 
 And whither they go we cannot even guess; 
 
 But there is a sly rumor 'mong "members of press," 
 
 That they're not men at all, but wonderfuj sprites 
 
 Who visit us yearly on Mardi Gras nights. 
 
 To show us how even a masquerade rout 
 
 May be polished, by those who know what they're about. 
 
 We do not pretend to dispute with these sages, 
 
 As newspaper men have been truthful for ages. 
 
 And laid down to people what should be the law. 
 
 And of course tney are posted about Mardi Gras." 
 
 At night the far-famed Mistick Krewe of Comus give a torch-light processiou 
 illustrating some well chosen subject, making a spectacle which a leading Boston 
 journal pronounced " worth crossing a continent to see." The festivities end with 
 a grand ball by the Krewe, and a State reception and ball by the King, which are 
 attended by brilliant assemblies, and generally last until the gray dawn of day 
 Ihe next Mardi Gras comes on the lOth of February, 1880, and the most elaborate 
 
1884. . 
 
 . .Feb'y 26 
 
 1888. . 
 
 • Feb'y 14 
 
 1885.. 
 
 . .Feb'y 17 
 
 1889. . 
 
 . March 5 
 
 1880. . 
 
 ..March U 
 
 1890.. 
 
 ..Feb'y 18 
 
 1887.. 
 
 ..Feb'y 22 
 
 
 
 84 J^HJW OBLEANIS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 preparations are now being made for its celebration. We append a table show- 
 ing the dates on which this festival occurs up to the year 1S90 : 
 
 1880 Feb'y 10 
 
 1881 March 1 
 
 1882 Feb'y 21 
 
 1883 Feb'y 
 
 The Thursday previous to Mardi Gras, will be marked by the grand proces- 
 sion^of 
 
 THE KNIGHTS OF MOMUS, 
 
 which was formerly held on the uigLt of the 31st oi' December, but has been 
 changed to the Thursday before Mardi Gras, to give additional attractions to visi- 
 tors who come to enjoy that festival. These pageaDts, like those of the Krewe's, 
 take place at night, are brilliantly iliumiuateil, and arranged with consummate 
 skill and taste. Of course, we cannot give the subject of the aj)j)roaching display, 
 but our readers may rest assured that it will be well worthy of the festal time, and 
 of the fame of Momus and his followers. 
 
 FOUETH OF MAKCH, 
 
 the anniversary of our gallant Fire Uei^artment. On this day each company 
 appears, with every man in ranks, engines burnished until they shine like gold 
 and silver, and decorated with ribbons in the most i>rofnse and artistic arrange- 
 ment, each society vieing with the other, in friendly rivalry, in theii^ efforts to 
 delight the crowds of people who throng the streets to witness their turn-out. 
 
 We are proud of our Fire Department, and those who have ever witnessed 
 their daring and self-devotion while on duty, or their gallant beaiing when on 
 parade, celebrating the Fourth of March, \\\\\ acknowledge that we have just 
 cause for our pride. The day closes with bauipiets, balls and other lestivities, at 
 which mirth and good fellowship reign supreme. The grea^ American holiday, the 
 
 FOUETH OF JULY 
 
 coming, as it does, during our summer solstice, is not marked by that uproarous 
 demonstration which characterizes it in some other cities of the Union. Yet it is 
 generally observed, and is a day which thousands of our citizens de^■ote to recrea- 
 tion and amusement. The grand festivals of that worthy organization, the Clerks' 
 Benevolent Association, given on the Fair Grounds, always occur on the 4 ourth 
 of Jvdy, and aie attended by an immense number of our citizens. They are now 
 so much a i)art of the day's entertainment that anything which unght take place 
 to i)revent them, would cause serious disappointment to thousands of our people. 
 
 CHEISTMAS 
 
 is with us a home day, a day when all the family gather around the tireside, and 
 enjoy the spirit of love and charity which is so appropriate to the season. It has 
 of late years received new charms, for the childien of New Orleans, from the 
 matinees given at the Academy of Music, at which that genial gentleman and 
 jovial friend of the young, David i>idwell, Esq., enacts the role of Santa Glaus, 
 and gives each little visitor a Christmas present. 
 
 NEW YEARS' DAY 
 
 is very generally observed by the gentlemen in making calls upon their lady 
 friends, who keep " open house," and receive them with that graceful hospitality 
 for which the ladies of New Orleans are so justly celebrated. 
 
CHURCHES. 
 GOOD FEIDAY 
 
 85 
 
 is a church holiday, and l>y the laws of our State, a dies noii. It is very rigidly 
 kept by the Episcopaliaus and Catholics, and is observed in a greater or less 
 degree by other Christian denominations. The ceremony among Catholics of 
 visiting the churches, which is very generally participated in, forms an interesting 
 feature of the day. 
 
 FIRST OF NOVEMBER. 
 
 On this day the several cemeteries are visited and the tombs decorated with 
 garlands, evergreens and floral oflerings. It is observed by nearly all our j)eople, 
 of every religious denomination, and the " cities of the dead " are thronged from 
 early morning until night. A beautiful custom which marks the day, is the giv- 
 ing of alms in aid of the different Orphan Asylums, to receive which, delej;atious 
 from these institutions sit at the different cemetery gates, and attract the atten- 
 tion of visitors by their continuous rapping on their collection plates. Many 
 elegant toml)s are to be seen in our burying grounds, which are, on this day, 
 especially worthy of a visit. 
 
 There are other holidays, of recent creation, but they would present few 
 interesting features to strangers. 
 
 HERE are few cities in the Union that can boast of so great a number of 
 magnificent churches as New Orleans. 
 
 All denominations of Christians vie with each other in their efforts to 
 make their houses of worship beautiful, stately edifices, worthy of their 
 sacred purposes, while those of the faith of Abraham, show their devotion 
 to the ancient religion of their fathers, in the profuse and chaste ornament- 
 ation of its temples. 
 
 Settled under the auspices of Catholics, the first church ever erected within 
 the limits of Louisiana was a Catholic church, the old 
 
 CATHEDRAL ST. LOUIS. 
 
 Fronting on Jackson Square, this ancient, sacred edifice stands a link between 
 the far past and the present time, an object alike of veneration and curiosity. 
 This famous building is the third erected on the same site. The first Cathe- 
 dral, a wooden and adobe structure, was built sometime between the years 
 1718, the date of the establishment of New Orleans, and 1723, as in the 
 latter year, the fearful hurricane that swept over the city spreading desolation 
 in its path, destroyed the " Cathedral and many other buildings of great worth 
 and value." 
 
 The second edifice was built of brick about 1724 or '25, and was the place 
 where the worshippers gathered till 1788. On (lood Friday, March 21st, of that 
 year, the sacred house was again destroyed ; this time by fire. As in the former 
 
86 
 
 NIJW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 case, the Cathedral fell amid the almost general ruin of the city, for the conflagra- 
 tion whi(;h reduced it to ashes, destroyed nearly nine hundred houses, residences 
 and public buildinjSfs, almost the entire city of New Orleans. 
 
 For many months mass was celebrated in a temporary building erected for the 
 purpose, and, as during this time no steps were taken toward the reconstruction 
 of the church, we infer that the unfortunate circumstances of the fire, must have 
 reduced the priests and the majority of the people, to the very verge of extreme 
 poverty. 
 
 To Don Andres Almonester y Roxas, a Spanish noble and colonel of the 
 pro^incial troops, New Orleans is indebted for the resurrection of their favorite 
 church, as at the personal expense of that sentleman, the present massive struc- 
 ture was erected in 1704, as were also a little later, the two buildings which stand 
 one on either side of the Cathedral, now occupied by the courts, but originally in- 
 tended for the use of the priests of this Church of St. Louis. 
 
 Although of irregular architecture, the exterior of the Cathedral is of majestic 
 
(mURGHES. 87 
 
 appearance, while the interior is at once grand, solemn, rich and artistic in its 
 constrnction and adornments. 
 
 The altars, three in number, the main altar, the altar of Our Lady of Lourdes, 
 and that of St. Francis, of Assiessium, are master])ieces of religious expression in 
 their design, and are, particularly the iiiaiii altar, enriched and beautified Math the 
 gifts of generations, and that chaste taste in arrangement of color and shade, that 
 has ever distinguished the Creoles of this city. The ceiling is frescoed in the 
 highest artistic style. The centre picture represents the Transfiguration, and 
 around it at either side, and at the ends, are the Evangelists, the Holy Family, 
 and scenes illustrative of different passages in the Apocal^q^se. 
 
 Behind and above the main altar, is a grand semi-historical i)icture of large 
 dimensions and exquisite coloring, which at once rivets the attention of all who 
 pass the massive doors of this church. It is a most artistic and poetic represen- 
 tation of St. Louis counselling the first ( 'rusaders, and presenting them with " the 
 blessed banner of the cross," every figure ami face in which is most beautifully 
 defined and expressive, and speaks highly in i)raise of the young artist, Bumbracht, 
 who executed it. 
 
 In front of the shrine of St. Francis, in a vault l)eneath the marble ]»avement, 
 the founder of the church lies buried; a marble slab, set on the level of the tioor, 
 bears the following inscri]>tion in Spanish : 
 
 " Here rests the body of Don Andres Almonester y Koxas, a native of May- 
 rena, in the Kingdom of Andalusia, died in the city of Xew Orleans, on the 2(jth «>f 
 April, 1798, at the age of 74 .years. Cavalier of the distinguished order of Charles 
 the Third, of Spain, Colonel of the militia of the provincial Sj)auish Troops; 
 founder and donator of his church and of the St. Charles Hospital ; founder of 
 the Hospital of the Lazarines; founder of the Ursuline Convent; founder of the 
 (lirl's School, and founder of the Presbetary, all of whicli he built in this city at 
 his expense. Eest in Peace." In front of the altar of Our Lady of Lourdes lie 
 three of the Marigny de Mandeville ftimily, and set in the walls, to the left side of 
 the main altar, are memorial tablets, on which are inscribed the names of some 
 of the Bishops who have ruled over the Diocese .of New Orleans, among them that 
 of Arcbishoj) Blanc, the memory of whose good deeds and kind manner, are still 
 fresh in the minds of many in New Orleans. Indeed, connected with the St. Louis 
 Cathedral are numberless recollections, which, like its beauties, are indescribable. 
 Here, for generations, have chimes been rung for marriages and funerals; hope, 
 joy, woe, victory, defeat, have all had their celebrations within this venerable pile. 
 Before its altars fair brides have knelt on the very spot where their mothers and 
 grandmothers had pledged their vows, and were in time carried to receive the last 
 rites of the church. Here that staunch old hero, Oeneral Andrew Jackson, bowed 
 the head and bent the knee amid his veterans, as the Te Deiim ascended in thanks- 
 giving for the victory of our country over a foreign foe. Here, in our own day, 
 banners have been blessed, which, although they were furled in defeat, were never 
 dishonored by the grasp of a coward, or stained by the disgrace of an avoidable 
 surrender. Here, later day heroes assembled in commemoration of dead comrades, 
 whose blood was shed for our liberties. Indeed, the Cathedral seems to be the 
 House of Prayer which all denominations, irrespective of religious prejudice, choose 
 as a i^lace in which to ofier public petition or hymn of praise, in all cases where 
 common calamities or successes, constrain devotion to the Great Director of 
 human affairs. 
 
 NAPOLEON JOSEPH PERCHl^:, 
 
 ARCHBISHOP OF NEW ORLEANS. 
 
 This venerable and honored dignitary of the Catholic church, was born at 
 Angers, the capital of the Department of Maerie-et-Soire, formerly called Anjou, 
 on the 10th of January, 1805. 
 
 He was educated in the city of his birth and in the colleges of the vicinity. 
 
88 
 
 NEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATE]). 
 
 The development of bis ijowerfiil intellect was begun at a very early period of 
 his life. At the age of four years, he read the French language with facility. At 
 fifteen, he studied philosophy with so much enthusiam and success, that at 
 eighteen he was promoted to a professorship of it, and wore its mantle with the 
 same grace and humility which he shows in his Bishop's robes. 
 
 He was ordained a priest in 18:i9 5 came to the ITuited States in 1837 ; was 
 four years in the Missions of Kentucky ; came to New Orleans in January, 1842 ; 
 was Chax)lain to the Ursuline Nuns till 1870, when he was appointed coadjutor to 
 Archbishop Odin, ('M?/i/Mr^ «M(:;cmo«y's; was consecrated on the 1st of May of the 
 same year, and succeeded to the Archbishopric on the death of the good Arch- 
 bishop Odin. 
 
 He received the palliHm from his Holiness, Pope Pius IX, in December, 1870. 
 
 Though a Frenchman by nati\ity, he is thoroughly identified and sympathetic 
 with America and American institutions, and has attained a pure, forcible and 
 elegant Enghsh style, which places him in the front rank of American writers. 
 Nothing can be nun-e finished than the Archiepiscopal letters, which he from time 
 to time, communicates to the parishes of his diocese, and which, by all liberal and 
 discriminating men outside of the CathoUc church, as well as those within its 
 circles, are nearly equally admired, not only for their literary execution, but for 
 the genial, benevolent and apostohc tone which pervades them. 
 
CHURCHES. 89 
 
 We do uot know for which to adtaire this unostentatious great man most, 
 the paternal love which he displays in the sphere of parochial and diocesan duties, 
 or the zeal he exhibits in the conduct of his theological arguments. The charac- 
 teristic traits of his genius are amenity and force. 
 
 He thinks for a whole community, and his affections are as diffusive as his 
 thoughts. 
 
 He understands the power exerted, in a free country, by the press as well as 
 the pulpit, and has, for many years, been at the head of a Catholic press in this 
 city, Le Propagateur GatJiolique, which is his own property, and which has exerted 
 immense influence. 
 
 He is a charming conversationalist, always bringing wit, learning, good humor, 
 a knowledge of the world, and a varied experience to embellish his discourse. 
 
 In looking through the annals of this time-honored church for representative 
 men, we find that there is one individual whom Archbishop Perche strongly 
 resembles — we allude to Pope Leo Tenth, who, to the manner and refinement of a 
 polished gentleman, added the impressive carriage of a dignified ecclesiastic, 
 equally cognizant of the affairs of the world and of the Church. 
 
 His Grace is on terms of excellent understanding with Leo Thirteenth, the 
 Catholic head of Christendom, whom he visited at Rome lately, and there is no 
 Bishop of the Church in the United States in whom his Holiness places more entire 
 confidence for upholding its integrity, maintaining its honor unsullied, and securing 
 its triumphs over all obstacles and enemies, than Archbishop Perche. 
 
 His Grace is in France at present, on business connected with the church, 
 and to visit his native city. 
 
 CHRIST CHURCH. 
 
 This pioneer of Protestant churches in New Orleans is situated on the corner 
 of Canal and Dauphiue streets, facing on Canal, and is one of the most imposing 
 and elegant structures in the city. It is built of brick, stuccoed and painted to 
 imitate stone, and is of the Gothic style in architecture. Approaching the city 
 from any direction, the high graceful spire of this edifice is among the first to 
 meet the eye. 
 
 A brief history of this church may prove interesting to some of our visitors. 
 We regret that space forbids our tracing in detail its success from its beginning 
 till the present hour. In January, 1805, the Protestant citizens of New Orleans, 
 feeling the need of a church in which to hold Divine service, met in the house of 
 Madame Fourage, with a view of taking pxcliminary steps to obtain the minis- 
 trations of a Protestant clergyman, and to secure a suitable site on which to erect 
 a house of worship. A committee was appointed to procure subscriptions, etc. 
 
 On the 9th and 16th of the June following, meetings were held, at which the 
 report of the committee above referred to was received. At the meeting of June 
 16th, an election to decide the denomination of the clergyman was held, and 
 resulted in a majority for the Episcopalians. The ballot was as follows : Episco- 
 palians, 45 votes ; Presbyterians, 7 ; Metliodist, 1. Total, 53 votes. On Novem- 
 ber 16th of the same yearly a meeting was held, at which two wardens and thirteen 
 vestrymen were elected, and a salary of two thousand dollars a year voted to the 
 Rev. Philander Chase, who, at the recommendation of the Right Rev. Bishop 
 Moore and others, had come to take charge of this germ congregation. 
 
 By resolutions passed at a meeting held April 2d, 1806, the Rector was placed 
 under the ecclesiastical government of the Bishop and convention of New York, 
 until a diocese should be organized in the Territory of Louisiana. 
 
 Mr. Chase resigned in 1811, and was succeeded by the Rev. J. F. Hull, not 
 then an ordained minister, who officiated till the December of 1832, having taken 
 orders about 1816. When Mr. Hull retired, a stipend of twelve hundred dollars 
 per year was settled on him during his life. 
 
 This revered and beloved clergyman died in June, 1833. 
 
 Rev. Mr. Barlow served as rector for a short time. 
 
 12 
 
90 
 
 N:EW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Uuiiiig the winter of 1834, Bishop Brownell, of Connecticut, officiated, as also 
 during- the winters of 1836 and 1837. In January, 1835, a new church was com- 
 menced on the north side of Canal street, corner of Bourbon, and a fine building- 
 of ionic form, costing $ls,(R)(), was erected, and consecrated by Bishop Brownell 
 on the 20th of March, 1837. On April 20th, 1838, Rev. I)r. Wheaton assumed the 
 duties of Rector of Christ Church, and officiated till May, 1844, when he was suc- 
 ceeded by Rev. Mr. Ramsey, in the summer of the same year. In 1845, Dr. 
 Francis L. Hawkes was tendered the rectorship, which he accepted, entering on 
 his pastoral duty, January 7th, 1845. 
 
 The rapid influx of the Americans into the city, and consequent increase of 
 Protestants, compelled the erection of a larger church by the Episcopalians. In 
 
 UC^i^OO. r^ajs^t 
 
 (yhrist Climcli. 
 
CHURCHES. 91 
 
 May, 1846, the present church, corner of Canal and Danphine streets, was com- 
 menced under the direction of Mr. James Galier, and the noble structure which is 
 such an ornament to our city, soon 
 
 " Raised its graceful spire on high." 
 
 In December, 1847, James Grimshaw, Esq., presented a beautiful Baptismal 
 Fount to the church, and it is pleasant to record that the venerable gentleman 
 lived to see the children of the children who were first carried to this fount for 
 baptism. 
 
 In 1849, Dr. Hawkes resigned, and arrangements were made with the Eev. 
 Dr. Camj) to ofliciate temporarily. 
 
 In 1850, Dr. Neville assumed the rectorship, and served till April, 1852, when 
 he resigned. 
 
 In June, 1852, the Eev. Dr. Leacock was invited to the rectorship, which he 
 accepted, took charge in the fall of that year, and still continues his labors in 
 Christ Church. 
 
 This venerable and liighly esteemed gentleman is now " old and fidl of days," 
 having begun life in tlie first days of this present century ; yet is still an earnest 
 and zealous worker in the cause to which he. early in life, devoted his energies. 
 
 His a|)]iearance is venerable and commanding, his manner a touching blending 
 of fatherly kindness and becoming dignity ; his style logical, laconic, suggestive 
 and persuasive ; his sernums are a most happy combination of the sympathetic 
 and intellectual, and appeal to the head and to the heart; his infiuence is 
 unbounded in the circle in which he moves ; and daily prayers ascend, that when 
 the Rector of Christ's Church will, " by reason of more strength," have attained 
 " four score years," that many days may still be added to his life of usefulness 
 
 McGEHEE CHURCH, 
 
 Methodist Episcopal. The first church belonging to this congregation was situated 
 at the corner of Poydras and ( /arondelet streets, but fell in the disastrous fire of 
 January, 1851. Almost immediately after its destruction, the work of erecting a suc- 
 cessor commenced, aud soon this beautiful structure was completed. The McGehee 
 chur(;h, located on Carondelet street, between Lafayette and Girod streets, a little 
 south of the old church site, is of the Grecian Doric order, bold and original 
 in design, cond)ining great grandeur of beauty, with simplicity and elegance in 
 arrangement. This is the oldest Methodist congregation in the city, and one of 
 the most refined and mfiuential of all the denominations of Christians. 
 
 FIKST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 
 
 Is a beautiful large Gothic structure, situated to the south of Lafayette Square, 
 on South street, between Camp aud St. Charles streets. It is one of the most 
 graceful and time honored in our city. 
 
 It is a brick edifice 75 x 90 feet, and 42 feet in ceiling. The tower and steeple 
 from foundation to pinnacle, together measure 219 feet. The body of the church 
 is admirably arranged, and capable of seating 1311 j)ersons. There are also lofty 
 and commodious galleries on a level with the organ loft. 
 
 The pulpit is slightly raised above the pews on the first fioor, and is elegantly 
 designed and finished. 
 
 Throughout the entire church, great taste and care are shown in all the fui'- 
 nishings, which are rich, but in strict accordance with the grave and impressive 
 worship of the Presbyterian Cliurch. 
 
 Attached to the church is a lecture room 75 x 25 feet, with lofty ceiling and 
 every convenience for the purposes to which the room is dedicated. There is also 
 a school room of the same size as the lecture room, and a library and two session 
 rooms. 
 
 The first Presbyterian pastor in this city was thjp Rev. Sylvester Larned, who 
 died on the 31st of August, 1820, at the early age of 24 years, much and deservedly 
 
92 
 
 NEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 regretted. The pulpit of the First Presbyterian Church seems to have been the 
 special favorite of eloquence and erudition from its dedication, as the ministers 
 who have in succession held it, have all been wonderfully gifted as public 
 speakers, and men of most liberal education. 
 
 The present pastor, Benjamin Morgan Palmer, D.I)., LL.D., took charge in 
 1856, and is conceded by all to be one of the most eloquent men on the Continent, 
 as well as one of the most profound scholars in theological and secular lore. His 
 large, wealthy and intelligent congregation, regard him with the most enthusiastic 
 devotion. 
 
 First Presbyterian Church. 
 
 ST. ALPHOI^SUS CHUECH, 
 
 Is situated on Constance street, between St. Andrew and Josephine streets, 
 Fourth District, one square from the.lacksoii and Baronne streetcars, and two from 
 the Annunciation street line. It is built in the Kenaissance style and is exceedingly 
 spacious and elegant in design ; 70 x 150 feet, and capable of seating 2,500 persons. 
 The front is very beautiful, having two lofty towers, on which it is intended to 
 raise steeples. The interior of the church is especially rich and elaborate, having 
 
CHURCHES. 
 
 93 
 
 three magnificent altars, carved by Mr. Boucher, of Chicago, and costing $8,000. 
 The pulpit and altar rails are also of wood richly carved, and of most exquisite 
 workmanship. There is, behind the main altar, a very chaste picture, executed 
 in Eome, representing the patron saint of the church, in life size, which judges 
 pronounce a gem of art. 
 
 The ceiling and wall are frescoed and gilded in the most elaborate and artistic 
 manner by Canova, a nephew of the celebrated sculptor. The frescoes on the ceil- 
 ing represent the Holy Family, the Twelve Apostles, the Evangelist, the Mysteries 
 of Religion, the Ascension of our Lord, the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin, and 
 the Coronation of St. Alphonsus in HeaA^en, all admired as rare masterpieces. A 
 deep toned, beautifully built organ, of German manufacture, graces the organ 
 loft ; indeed the whole church is comx)iete in all its appointments ; artistic in finish 
 and lovliness ; and is justly an object of veneration and pride to its large and 
 devoted congregation. 
 
 St. Alphonsus Church. 
 
 The building Avas commenced Ai)ril 21st, 1855, blessed August 2d, 1857, 
 consecrated April 25th, 1858, and the interior finished 18(i(!-07. 
 
 The first pastors were the Rev. Father McGrane, who still lives, and the Rev. 
 Father Duffy, who died a few years ago, and rests in front of the altar where he 
 officiated for so many seasons. His memory is lo^ed and cherished in the hearts 
 of thousands, to whom he was, father, counsellor, friend. 
 
 CANAL STREET PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 
 
 This church is situated corner of Canal anl Derbigny streets, and is a hand- 
 some frame building which was completed last spring. It is very neatly finished, 
 and will seat between four and five hundred persons. The seats are free. 
 
94 
 
 NiJM^ ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 COLISEUM PLACE CHUEOH, 
 
 l>aptist. This fine church, situated at the 
 corner of Camp and Terpsichore streets, 
 facing Coliseum Square, is a beautiful edifice, 
 well located, and has a very large, devout 
 and intelligent congregation. 
 
 CHUECH OF THE MESSIAH. 
 
 This church, which is one of the most 
 elegant edifices of the kind in the city, was 
 built, on St. Charles street near Julia, in 
 1854-5, to replace the one formerly used by 
 t]ie congregation, which was destroyed by 
 fire in 1851, and which was known as Dr. 
 ( 'lapp's church. The congregation, for years 
 o]ie of the nuist infiucntial and extensive in 
 the city, is the only one of the Unitarian 
 denomination in New Orleans. 
 
 DISI^EESED OF JUDEA. 
 
 A beautiful synagogue, on Carondelet 
 street, between Julia and St. Joseph streets. 
 It is the immediate successor of the oldest 
 .Jewish house of worship in New Orleans. 
 The first temple, formerly a church edifice, 
 corner of Canal and Bourbon streets, was 
 presented to the congregation by the late 
 Judah Touro, in, we believe, 1847. A few 
 years later, the building needing extensive 
 repairs, it was determined to pull it down 
 and build further up town. In i)ursuance of this resolution, this edifice was built. 
 The mode of service is according to the Shepardic ritual somewhat modern- 
 ized, llev. Joseph H. M. Chumaceiro, Rabbi. 
 
 TRINITY CHURCH, 
 
 Ei)iscopalian. This edifice, corner Jackson and Coliseum streets, Fourth District, 
 is one of the nu>st graceful buildings in the country, and noted far and wide for 
 the chaste beauty of its adornments, particularly its beautiful chancel, and chancel 
 window. The imin-essions imparted to the beliolder on entering this church are 
 those of simple grandiMir and beauty of finish, M'hich charm the senses and exalt 
 the imagination. Tlie anti<pie, magniticent memorial window, " Erected for the 
 glory of God, and in memory of Leonidas Polk, D. D., first Bisho]) of Louisiana, 
 by the Ladies of the Bishop Polk Society," is the only one of the kind on the Conti- 
 nent. The art of ])roducing such work as this window was known in the Middle 
 Ages, but lost for centuries, and has but quite recently been restored. We have 
 neither the information nor the space to do more than briefly refer to this surpass- 
 ingly beautiful creation of art and genius. 
 
 Two scenes from the passion of our Saviour, and one of His triumphs are 
 represented. The Last Supi)er, The Crucifixion, and The Ascension. In the first 
 named scene, the Lord is represented, as usual, in the act of breaking and distribut- 
 ing the bread of life to his disciples, ''John, the beloved," leaning on his blessed 
 Master, the other apostles sitting or reclining in reverently attentive positions, 
 each face expressing in its own style wonder, love, devotion ; the " apostate" only 
 showing fear. The Crucifixion tells the wonderful tale that can only be told in 
 one way. The cross and vic^tim, the soldiers, the three Marys, and the " multitude 
 afar ofi"." The Ascension shows the Glorified ascending from " their midst " into 
 
 (Joliseiira Place Baptist (Jlinrch. 
 
CHURCHES. 
 
 95 
 
 heaven, surroimded by angelic forms. These scenes have all been represented, 
 times innumerable, in paintings, painted on glass, and aD other ways of representa- 
 tion, and in the medijieval ages, as they are here, in stained glass ; glass into which 
 the colors have been wrought. This is the art secret of the work, and when we 
 contemplate the wonderful coloring, eqnaling the finest of the old masters ; the 
 clear and correct outlines of every figure ; the ditterent expressions of love, hate, 
 fear, agony, tenderness, compassion, sympathy, suffering, or glory delineated on 
 the different faces in the pictures, and reflect that it is wrought by combinations 
 made by the hand in glass, a, faint idea of the artistic excellence, and the beauty of 
 this master-piece of creative art and ingenuity may be arrived at. 
 
 As the church is open many hours of each day, and any one permitted to enter, 
 visitors will find no difficulty in seeing this quaint and surprising production of 
 human skill. The Baronne and Jackson street cars ])ass the church on their way 
 up or down. 
 
 TEMPLE SINAI, 
 
 Jewish. This graceful and most imposing structure is situated on Carondelet, 
 between Delord and Calliope streets, and is, without doubt, the most beautiful 
 edifice of the kind in the United States, combining graudeur with siiupUcity, so 
 appropriately that the beholder is at once charmed and edified. The temples of 
 these ancient "chosen people" have always given testimony <»f their de\(>tiou to 
 the faith of their fathers by the liberality and richness of their decorations, and 
 the Temple Sinai shows that they still delight in honoring God by beautifying 
 
 Temple Sinai. 
 
96 
 
 NjaW 0RLEAN8 ILLVSTEATED. 
 
 " His lioly places." The interior appointments of the clinrch are a blending of the 
 same characteristics as mark the exterior, simple grandeur, accuracy of proportion 
 and beauty of finish. The forms of worshij) are those adopted by the Reformed 
 Jews, to which body this temple belongs. Eev. J. K. Gutheim, Rabbi. 
 
 NOTRE DAME DE BON SECOURS, 
 
 French. This gem of a chapel is on Jackson street, near Constance, and is also 
 under the care of the Redemptorists. It was built in 1858. 
 
 It seems to many in New Orleans, but as yesterday, since the places now 
 occupied by the churches, schools and convents of St. Alphonsus parish was a 
 waste of marshy, unimproved ground, uninviting and unpleasing to the eye, giving 
 no promise of its present beauty or value. 
 
 So great is the change effected in a quarter of a century, that the mind is 
 almost bewildered at its proportions, and dazzled by its magnificence. To the 
 unswerving efforts, and persevering labors of the Redemptorist priests, the Fourth 
 District is largely indebted for many of its most beautiful and valuable improve- 
 ments. 
 
 I 
 
 ST. JOHN'S CHURCH. 
 
 This superb church, situated on Dryades 
 street, between Clio and Calliope streets, 
 is built in the Renaissance style, and is 
 of imposing grandeur, and lofty propor- 
 tions, measuring 172 x 75 feet. The ceil- 
 ing, grained and arched, is fifty-five feet 
 in height from the fioor, the groins sup- 
 ported by massive and graceful columns. 
 The pews, 180 in number, are built of 
 bla k walnut with mahogany trimmings. 
 The organ was made in New York, and is 
 of powerful and rich tone. 
 
 All the decorations of the church are in 
 the beautiful Renaissance style, but are 
 not yet quite completed. The altars are 
 to be of pure white Italian, and green and 
 gold Irish marble. All of the surround- 
 ings of this magnificent church are of 
 sim])le yet elegant grandeur, and call 
 forth the most exalted and tender emo- 
 tions of the beholder. 
 
 Tlie corner stone was laid in October, 
 ]8()l>, and the church dedicated in Janu- 
 ary, 1872. 
 
 ST. PATRICK'S CHURCH. 
 
 This old time church, situated on Camp 
 street, between Julia and Girod streets, is 
 a triumiih worthy of the genius of Gothic 
 Architecture, whether the dimensions or 
 the splendor of the structure be consid- 
 ered. The style, taken from the famed 
 York Minster Cathedral, is lofty and 
 imi)osing, and is regarded as the finest effort in this style of architecture in the 
 United States. It is built of brick, roughcast, and colored brown, giving the idea 
 of uncut stone. Exteriorly the building is impressive and solemn ; the tower mas- 
 sive, lofty and majestic, is considered one of the most beautiful on the Continent, 
 
 St. .Tolm'a ( :iiiircli 
 
GHUBGHE8. 
 
 1)7 
 
 and being of great height from its summit, which is accessible by a spiral stairway 
 in the interior, commands a complete view of the city, and suburbs for miles 
 around. In grave and quiet grandeur, the inside of the church is in perfect accord 
 with its outward appearance ; the altars and their appointments being rich and 
 elegant, but not showy. Behind the main altar is a very large and speaking- 
 picture of the Transfiguration; at tlie right side, of the same altar, there is 
 one of St. Peter walking on the waves to meet his indulgent Master, who is 
 represented in life size, extending his right hand to ihe doubting apostle, when, 
 his faith failing, he exclaimed, " Lord save me." To the left side is one represent- 
 ing St. Patrick baptizing the Queens of Ireland in ihe famed Halls of Tara. In 
 
 St. Patrick's ChuvcL. 
 
 delineating this historic scene, the inspirations of the painter were most glowing, 
 and powerfully descriptive, seeming to have imparted the coloring and expression 
 of life to his touch. Every figure is a study, every face a history of tlie voluntary 
 submission of the haughty Pagan soul to the self-denying, yet ennobling doctrine of 
 Christianity. These pictures, as works of art, have received hundreds of compli- 
 mentary criticisms from strangers of all lauds and religious creeds, who have 
 sojourned among us from time to time ; but to the children of the " old country," this 
 one picture of the Royal Baptisms is more than a work of art ; it is a touching- 
 recital of the days when their sea-girt home was emancipated from the power of 
 oppressing heathenism, through the teaching of their patron saint, and recalls 
 whole volumes of the history of their nation in its early glory, 
 
 " Ere the emerald gem of the western world 
 Was set in the crown of a stranger." 
 
 ST. MARY'S OF THE ASSUMPTION, 
 
 German. This elegant structure, in the Renaissance style, 130 x 75 feet, is situated 
 corner of Josephine and Constance streets, nearly opposite St. Alphonsus Church, 
 
 13 
 
98 
 
 NUW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 of which it, in elegauce aud finish, is an almost equal rival. It was built in 1860. 
 The ceiling, beautifully arched, is considered by many without a rival in America, 
 for simple grandeur and beauty. The altars were imported from Munich, at a cost 
 of $10,000; and a tower in the rear contains four bells, brought from France, 
 which are noted for their sweetness and purity of tone. The statuary of this 
 church is conceded to be among the finest on the Continent. 
 
 ST. CHARLES AA'ENUE M. E. CHURCH SOUTH. 
 
 This beautiful place of Divine worship was built in 1875, mainly through the 
 energy and liberality of the late Mr. If. ^V. Rayne. Rev. John Matthews at present 
 occupies the pulpit of this church. 
 
 St. Charles Avenne M. E. Church South. 
 
NEW OELJEANi>l FIRE DEPARTMENT. t)9 
 
 CHUECH OF THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION. 
 
 This elegant chuicL, wbicb is situated ou the east side of Baronne street, near 
 Caual, and under the direction of the Jesuit Fathers, is one of the most noted in 
 New Orleans, for its beaut.> of architecture and quanitness of design, and has for 
 years enjoyed the distinction of having one of the best choirs in the country, 
 always employing first class artists as organists and singers; while the rei)utation 
 of its pastors, for eloquence and learning is national. 
 
 The Jackson and Baronne cais pass the church. 
 
 -^NEW 4 ORLEANS 4 FIRE ^ DEPARTMENT^- 
 
 OLDS a cons])icaous place among the honored institutions of our city. 
 Inaugurated in 1834, it has steadily enlarged its resources, and now 
 stands unrivaled in its sphere of usefulness, practice and experience 
 combining with the Jealous enthusiasm of its members to render it the 
 most complete and etfective Fire Department extant, and a living monu- 
 ment to the credit of its gentlemanly and efficient officers. 
 
 FIKEMEN'S CHAEITABLE ASSOCIATION, 
 
 Office No. 24, City Hall. L N. Marks, President ; Geo. H. Braughn, Vice-President 5 
 Ijeon Bertoli, Secretary ; W. J. Chevallier, Treasurer. 
 
 OFFICERS : 
 
 Thos. O'Connor, Chief Engineer ; M. Kay, 1st Assistant ; M. Muller, 2nd Assist- 
 ant; J. Boyce, 3rd Assistant; P. Carroll, 4th Assistant. 
 
 The companies are located as follows : 
 
 Volunteer, No. 1 — Steam. — Hunter street, between St. Peter and Tchoupitoulas. 
 
 Mibieburg, No. 1 — Hand, — Pontcharti-ain Bailroad Depot, Milneburg. 
 
 St. Bernard, No. 1 — Steam. — N. Peters street, near city limits. 
 
 Lafayette Hooh and Ladder No. 1. — Jackson between St. Thomas and 
 Rousseau streets. 
 
 Mississippi, No. 2 — Steam. — Magazine, between Lafayette and Girod streets. 
 
 American Hool- and Ladder No. 2. — Giiod, between St. Charles and 
 ( -arondelet streets. 
 
 Vigilant, No. 3 — Steam. — Esplanade, corner North GaJvez street. 
 
 Hope Hook and Ladder No. 3. — Corner North Peters and ]\Iarigny streets. 
 
 Pelican Hool' and Ladder No. 4. — No. 77^ North Basin street. 
 
 Columbia, No. 5 — Steam — Girod, between St. Charles and Carondelet streets. 
 
 Mech((iiics\ No. — Steam. — Corner St. Joseph and Commerce streets. 
 
 Louisiana Hose Compani/ — Steam. — Corner Perdido and Carondelet streets. 
 
 Ragle, No. 7 — Steam. — Dauphine, between Custondiouse and Bienville streets. 
 
 PJueniv, No. 8 — Steam. — Decatur, between Mariguy and Mandeville streets. 
 
 Creole, No. I) — Steam. — Esplanade, between Decatur and Frenchman streets. 
 
 Louisiana, No. 10 — Steam. — Dumaiue, between North Rampart and St. Claude 
 streets. 
 
 Trad Ferry, No. 12 — Steam. — Tchoupitoulas, between Race and Orange streets. 
 
 Persevera7ice, No. 13 — Steam. — No. 12 Perdido street. 
 
 Philadelphia, No. 14 — Steam. — Common, between Liberty and Howard streets. 
 
100 NUW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 'larkHon^ No. 18 — Steam. — Calliope, l)etweeu St. Charles and Oaroudelet streets. 
 Wa.shimjton, No. liO — Steam. — Tlialia, between Jiaronue aud Dryades streets. 
 Orleans, No. 21 — Steam — Corner St Peter and North Claiborne streets. 
 'Jefferson, No. 2li — Steam. — No. 783 Tchoupitoulas street. 
 
 (JhaJmette, No. 23 — Steam. — Washington, between Camp aud Magazine streets. 
 Creseent, No. 24 — Steam. — Dauphine, near Port street. 
 
 FIFTH DISTRICT DEPARTMENT. 
 
 firemen's charitable association. 
 
 Daniel Hartnett, President; L. J. Peterson, Secretary; Timothy Daly, Jr., 
 Chief Engineer. 
 
 Pelican, No. 1 — Steam. — Corner Peter and Lavergne streets. 
 Washington HooJc and Ladder, No. 1. — Corner Alix and Verret streets. 
 BrooMyn, No. 2 — Steam. — Bourny, near Peter street. 
 Morgan, No. 3 — Steam. — Thayre street, near Atlantic AA^enue. . 
 
 SIXTH DISTRICT DEPARTMENT. 
 
 firemen's charitable association. 
 
 Office, Pioneer Hall, Magazine, between Milan and Berlin streets. Eugene 
 May, President ; R. W. Young. Vice-President ; Geo. Weiss, Treasurer ; John 
 Pertsdorflf, Secretary ; H P. Philips, Chief Engineer. 
 
 Pioneer, No. 1 — Steam. — Magazine, between Berlin and Milan streets. 
 Rome Hool- and Ladder, No. 1. — Marengo, near Magazine street. 
 Frotector, No, 2 — Steam. — Coruei' Pitt street and Napoleou Avenue. 
 Young America, No. 3 — Hand. — Magazine, near Cadiz street. 
 
 SEVENTH DISTRICT DEPARTMENT. 
 
 firemen's charitable association. 
 
 p. Mitchel, President; (t. Hurley, Vice President; George Geier, Secretary; 
 H. Ijochte, Treasurer; J. I'iper, Chief Engineer. 
 
 CarroUton, No. 1 — Dublin, between Second and Hampson streets. 
 
 Star Hook and Ladder Coinpani/, No. 1 — Madison, between Hampson and 
 Second streets. 
 
 Independent Company, No. 2 — Leonidas, between Burthe and Third streets. 
 
 Vigilant Hook and Ladder Company, No. 2 — Hampson, between Adams and 
 Burdette streets. 
 
 Friendship Company, No. 3 — Hampson, between Adams and Burdette streets. 
 
 UNDERWRITERS' CORPS. 
 
 C. W. Grandjean, Captain of Babcocks; Ed. Ryan, Assistant; Office: 11 
 South Rampart street. 
 
 First Uistrict Babcock Engine — 11 South Rampart street. 
 
 Second District Babcock Engine — Claiborne, corner Toulouse street. 
 
 Third District Babcock Engine — Washington, between Royal and Dauphine 
 streets. 
 
 Fourth District Babcock Engine — First, between Magazine and Camp streets. 
 
 Fifth District Babcock Engine — I^apeyrouse, corner Claiborne street. 
 
 Sixth District Babcock Engine — Magazine, between Jena and Cadiz streets. 
 
 Salvage Station No. 1 — 162 Julia street. A. Kalinski, Captain. 
 
 Salvage Station No. 2 — liOiusa, between Royal and Moreau streets. Joseph 
 Bulger, Captain. 
 
f^^EW ORLEANS has a number of ably-coiulncted lu^wspapers aud periodicals- 
 2\. Like all otlier brandies of business life, the Press has its ups and downs, its 
 ^|/ strong- points, and its failures ; but as a rnle, no city in the Union can boast of a 
 more enterprising, fearless and honorable journalistic corps than the Crescent 
 City. For the information of our readeis, we here a{)i)eiid a list of the ])nblica- 
 tions which we can cordiallv recommend to both readers an<l advertisers. 
 
102 
 
 NUW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 ^h'ee 6i|lrlre^i. 
 
 Semi weekly, Wednesdays and Saturdays — Louis J. Bright & Co., editors and 
 proprietors. This journal is devoted to the eommercial interests of New Orleans, 
 and on all (luestions relating to its special department, is acknowledged through- 
 out the country as a thoroughly reliable and competent authority. It was es- 
 tablished in 1822, and its present proprietxu-s maintain the high reputation which 
 this journal has always borne. The typographical appearance of the paper is as 
 creditable as its contents, and the tout ensemhle presented is justly popular with 
 a wide circle of patrons. 
 
 (THE BEE.) 
 
 Every Morniug except Monday, and weekly, Saturdays — Dulbur & Limet, 
 editors and publishers. Was established in 1827, and is the oldest paper in the 
 State ; is conducted with a consistent adherence to principles which command the 
 esteem of all classes. It is Democratic in politics, and being published in French, 
 it is very naturally the accepted organ of the French and Creole classes of the 
 pox)ulation. It has four pages 29 x 4.), 
 
THE PRESS. 103 
 
 Every morning, and weekly, Saturday — Established in 1836. Xicholson & 
 (Jo., proprietors. The oldest English Journal in the State. Conservative in politics, 
 employs a corps of talented writers and is a favorite family paper, having a wide 
 circulation in New Orleans, and throughout the South and Southwest. 
 
 Every day except Monday, and weekly, Thursdays. This ably conducted 
 German paper was established in liil, and is very i)opular with the large and 
 influential class of our people who speak that language. Jacob Hassinger is 
 editor and proprietor. 
 
 6l]h3ti^»/ 'Mboo^ie. 
 
 Weekly, Thursday; the organ of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. 
 Established in 1851. Has a large circulation throughout the South and Southwest. 
 (t. T. Lathroj), publisher, 112 Caiup street. 
 
 Jl^c^^ 
 
 Every morning, and weekly, Saturdays — Stoutenieyer »S: Judson, proprietors. 
 A live, progressive and ably conducted newspaper, conservative in ])olitics, and 
 discussing with ability all leading topics of the day. Its wide circulation, popu- 
 larity and influence, may very justly be a matter of pride to all connected with it. 
 
 ^lroj)'4g^iei|lr 6^ti]oliqqe. 
 
 Weekly, Saturdays — Is a large and abl\ conducted journal in Erench, devoted 
 to the interests of the Catiiolic faith. A. Liitton is editor and publisher. 
 
 Weekly, Sundays — The only English Catholic journal in the city. Contains 
 the latest foreign and domestic religions and secular news. Is highly esteemed as 
 a family newspapei-, and enjoys a wide circnlation both in our own and neighbor- 
 ins; States. 
 
 ■(Teb) 01rle'4^3 Jehioelr^i. 
 
 Daily and Weekly — The official organ of the democratic party in Louisiana, 
 and an acknowledged authority throughout the South. HokLs as high rank as a 
 commercial and family paper. E. A. Burke, editor. 
 
104 yEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Published every evening. A sprightly, readable paper, having a large circu- 
 lation, and an especial favorite in families. M. F. Bigney, editor, 30 Natchez 
 street. 
 
 Weeklj^ — Rev. J. C. Hartzell, editor, 39 Natchez street. 
 
 Soqtbtoe^ielr^ ^Irc^bijielri^i]. 
 
 Weekly, Thursdays — Established in 18fi9. Subscription $2 .50. Rev. Henry 
 M. Smith, editor. 
 
 Semi-monthly — Rev. A. M. Newman, editor, 70 Gravier street. 
 
 Bi-weekly, German. Published at $1 a year, by J. H. A. Ahrens. 
 
 Monthly, German — Published by .1. B. A. Ahrens. Subscription 25 cents. 
 
 It)e jetoisli Soiiil). 
 
 Established October 1st, 1877. IMiblished at New Orleans, La., and at 
 Atlanta, ( 7 a. Eight pages, weekly; juice |2 per annum. .lewish South Publish- 
 ing Company, proprietors. Rev. J. H. Chumaceiro, Hon. Ch. Wessolowsky, Her- 
 man Jacobs, editors. 
 
 Weekly, Saturdays — Republican in politics. 1*. B. S. Piuchback, editor and 
 proprietor. Is the organ of the colored Republicans of the city. 
 
THE PRESS. 105 
 
 Ielfi()j)eir^i)e.e St^boc^fe. 
 
 Devoted to the cause of temperance — weekly. J. Bennett Hinton, editor and 
 proprietor, 12 Commercial Place. 
 
 I^o^^i i^ei^^lS. 
 
 Official Journal ol' Carnival Court. Published as an avanf vouricr ol' the 
 Carnival, the tirst number being issued in November and the last on Mardi Gras 
 day. J. Curtis Waldo, publisher, 26 Camp street. 
 
 Il)e Soii^iKi ili^ifoh 
 
 A weekly journal in English and French, devoted to the interests of both 
 farmers and merchants. Conducted with accuracy and energy. A. Meynier, Jr., 
 editor and proprietor, 77 Decatur street. 
 
 A monthly magazine of one hundred pages. It is under the editorial manage- 
 ment of Drs. S. M. Bemiss, W. H. Watkius and S. S. Herrick. The magazine 
 presents a neat tyi^ographical appearance, and contains scientific and literary 
 articles of the highest ordei- of merit, Subscviption, $.5. L. Graham is the 
 publisher. 
 
 Annual — L. Hoards & Co., publishers, 5 (commercial Place. 
 
 Annual. Alcee Bouchereau, proprietor. .30 Decatur street. 
 
 D. Webster, proprietor. A handsomely gotten up pamphlet; issued in Janu- 
 ary and July. 
 
 14 
 
IMPORTANT POINTS, 
 
 FERRIES. 
 
 First Distrief. — Xew Orleans and Algiers Ferry landing. Canal street. 
 t^econd District. — New Orleans and Algiers Ferry lauding, St, Ann street. 
 
 Third District. — New Orleans and Algiers Ferri^ landing, Elysian Fields 
 street. 
 
 Fourth District. — New Orleans and Gretna Ferry landing, Jackson street. 
 
 Morganh Louisiana tO Texas Railroad Ferry — from foot of St. Ann street to 
 railroad depot, Algiers. 
 
 ISlaughterhouse Companyh F\rry — from and to Slaughterhouse, Algiers. 
 
 Louisiana Avenue Ferry — :to Harvey's Canal; starts from foot of Louisiana 
 Avenue. 
 
 Upper Line Ferry — from foot of Uppei- Line street to Gretna. 
 
 EXPRESS COMPANIES. 
 
 ySouthern Fxpress Company. — 104 Gra%der and 15 Union, between St. ( 'harles 
 and Carondelet streets. Thomas M. Wescoat, Manager. 
 
 Baldwin's American and European Flupress. — 169 Gravier street. 1j. A. Four- 
 ]iier. Agent. * 
 
 Mmris' FJuropean Express. — 185 Graviei' street. Minor & Pinekard, Agents. 
 
 TELEGRAPH COMPANIES. 
 
 American District Telegrapli Company. — 47 Camp street. W. H. Boliuger, 
 President; W. W. Huck, Secretary and Treasurer. 
 
 Atlantic and Pacific Telegraph Company. — St. Charles street, southwest corner 
 Common. E. Leloup, Manager. 
 
 Gold and Stock Telegraph Company. — Office, room 4, No. 187 Gravier street. 
 
 Good Intent Telegraph (formerly Belize). — 35 Carondelet street. 
 
 New Orleans Local Telegraph Company. — 47 Camp street. 
 
 Western Union Telegraph Company. — 51 St. Charles street. J. T. Allen, 
 Manager. 
 
 RAILROAD OFFICES. 
 
 Chicago, *S'/. Louis and New Orleans R. B. — Great Jackson Route — Main Office, 
 226 St. ( -harles street. Ticket Office, 22 Camp street ; J. C. Clarke, Vice Presi- 
 dent and Manager; F. Chandler, General Passenger Agent; A. D. Sheldon, 
 Ticket Agent. 
 
THE GREAT JACKSON ROUTE. 107 
 
 New Orleans and Mobile R. R. — Office aud Freight Depot, foot of (jrirocl street. 
 Ticket Office, 24 Camp street. 
 
 New Orleans and Texas R. R. — 31 Camp street. 
 
 Morgan^s Louisiana and Texas R. R. and S. 8. Company. — Office, Magazine 
 street, southwest corner Natchez. 
 
 New Orleans Pacijic Railway Company. — HO Camp street. E. B. Wheehrck 
 President; E. L. Ranlett, Secretary. 
 
 Post Office. — In Customhouse Building, Decatur street, between Canal and 
 Customhouse. 
 
 New Orleans Chamber of Commerce. — 120 Common street. 
 
 Nerr Orleans Cotton Exchange. — 187 Gravier street. 
 
 Neio Orleans School of Medicine. — Corner (Common and Villere streets. 
 
 IJnimrsity Buildings. — ( 'oruer ( -ommon and Baronne streets. 
 
 Mechanics'' and Dealers'' Exchange. — Corner St. Charles and Gravier streets. 
 
 CRESCENT CITY POLICE. 
 
 Central Department. — Davidson's Court, Carondelet street, between Poydras 
 and Lafayette. Thomas N. Boylan, Chief. 
 
 ^J — :^— J«^ 
 
 ra 
 
 ' HE first important railroad constructed from this point was the Chicago, 
 St. Louis and New Orleans, which has always been popularly known 
 as the CtEBAt Jackson Route, forming a direct line from New Orleans 
 to Cairo, Illinois, and thence to all of the great cities and rich granaries 
 orchards and manufactories of the West and North. 
 
 The road was built in 18o!», and witli its many connections and 
 branches is of incalculable value to the commerce of our city. Now 
 equii)ped with new and powerful locomotives, the latest improvements in freight 
 cars, and elegant coaches for passenger travel, every effort is made to increase its 
 popularity and extend its usefulness. The track has recently been almost entirely 
 relaid — mostly with steel rails — and the new iron draw bridge at Pass Manchac, 
 will long stand an evidence of the enterprise and public spirit of the managers of 
 the route. 
 
 The work shops at McComb City give employment to hundreds of hands, aud 
 make a Southern industry, and keeps thousands of dollars at home, which would 
 otherwise be sent abroad. 
 
 The road has been greatly improved in all particulars during the past year 
 and is now inferior to none in the south. 35,000 tons of steel rails and 250,000 new 
 ties have been put in the track, besides rebuilding bridges, and the entire equip 
 ment thoroughly overhauled and rebuilt. The passenger trains are fitted with all 
 the modern inventions for safety and comfprt. Fastt^r time than ever is now made 
 to all northern points. 
 
108 
 
 KBW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 The lauds along the road are adapted to cotton, sngar, fruit, grapes and 
 vegetables. For the transportation of these to market, every facility is provided 
 by the Great Jackson Route. In the culture of early and choice vegetables alone. 
 
 ;in> in<liistrious farmer who settles on this line, will find, not only h](lependenc«', 
 but a sure road to fortune, while on the lands near the road we have seen as fine 
 sugar cane as could be found anywhere in the State. This road annually moves 
 
THE GREAT JACKSON ROUTE. 
 
 109 
 
 about 950,000,000 pounds of freight, and carries 350,000 passengers. As a great 
 highway for passenger trafie it is the leading road of the Soutli ; the transit being 
 rapid, safe and comfortable, the coaches sumptuous, the conductors and other 
 attaches prompt, courteous and thoroughly capable. At Water Valley and 
 Milan, where trains stop for meals, the dining halls are large and conveniently 
 located, and the cooking exceptionally good. A new and costly hotel for the ac- 
 commodation of passengers has been built at Milan, the junction of the L. & N. & 
 G. S. E. K. 
 
 Alihui Uulcl. 
 
 The connections made by this Great Trunk Line are of vast imi)ortauce to our 
 business community. It is crossed at Jackson, Miss., \)j the Vicksburg and 
 Meridian Road ; it has a branch from Duraut to Kosciusko, Miss. ; at Grenada, 
 Miss,, it connects with the Mississippi and Tennessee Koad to Memphis, a distance 
 of 100 miles; at Grand Junction it is crossed by the Memphis and Charleston 
 Tload ; at Jackson, Tenn., it is crossed by the Mobile and Ohio Railroad ; at Milan 
 it is crossed by the Louisville, Nashville and Great Southern Railroad, running 
 southwest to Memphis, 93 miles, and east to Nashville, via Mclienzie, 139 miles; 
 and northeast to Louisville, 1^84 miles. 
 
 Recent arrangements nuxde with the LooKor'r Mointain Line, makes the 
 Great Jaokson the favorite route to the 
 
 VIRGINIA SPRINGS, 
 
 giving the quickest and most delightful trip to the mountains of Alabama and 
 Tennessee. This is the only line on which the new style Palace Sleepers is run. 
 The great advantage of these sleepers is that there are no upper berths, a peculiar- 
 ity that will be appreciated by the traveling public, and make them the favorite 
 coaches, especially during the heated summer term. Another favorable point is the 
 fact that on the return trip these sleepers start from Lynchburg, in the heart of 
 the Virginia Mountains, and berths can be secured there, while by other Unes, the 
 
110 NEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 sojouruer at the Virginia Springs, must engage his berth hundreds of miles north 
 or run the risk of not getting accommodations, when the train reaches his starting 
 j)oint. 
 
 At Cincinnati the Great Jackson connects with the 
 
 GREAT PAN HA:f>^DLE ROUTE, 
 
 pronounced by travelers to be the most comfortable and most delightful route 
 between the Empire City and the Queen City of the West. 
 
 This popular and celebrated fast Mail Tjine to Columbus, Pittsburg, Harris- 
 burg, Baltimore, Washington, Philadel]^hia, Kew York and Boston, via Cincinnati 
 from the South, is not only the safest but the speediest to all points designated. 
 
 Every train or car is supplied with all the new approved appliances for safety 
 and comfort. The double tracks are laid with steel rail on scientific principles, 
 which obviates the jarring and swinging motion, which is a source of suffering to 
 many. Drawing Room and Pullman Palace cars on all trains. 
 
 Passengers leaving New Orleans, and other Southern cities, have but (me 
 change to Philadelphia or New York, and that is made in daylight in the depot at 
 Columbus, O. There are no omnibus transfers as by other lines, and trains reach 
 Philadelphia or New York hours in advance of all rivals. 
 
 The Great Jackson Route is crossed at Fulton, Ky., by the Paducah and 
 Memphis Road, .30 miles to Paducah; at Martin, Tenn,, it is crossed by the Nash- 
 ville, Chattanooga and St. Louis Road, 141* miles southeast to Nashville, and at 
 Cairo, Illinois, it connects with the 
 
 CAIRO AND ST. LOUIS SHORT LINE, 
 
 thus making the Great Trunk Line between the North, South and West, run 
 almost due North and South, and land passengers in St Louis without deten- 
 tion. Sumptuous Pullman Palace Sleeping Cars are run from our city to St. Louis 
 without change or delay. The Cairo Short Line is skirted by flourishing farms, 
 dotted with many prosperous villages, which give to it a traffic requiring a large 
 number of trains daily, both for freight and passengers, By recent arrangements, 
 prompt and close connections are made, thus saving much time and annoyance to 
 travelers. 
 
 At the same point, Cairo, 111., the Great Jackson Route connects with the 
 
 ILLINOIS CENTRAL RAILROAD, 
 
 running almost due North to Chicago, 3<i5 miles, with innumerable connections, 
 forming a net-work of rails, reaching out in every direction. The Illinois Central 
 has always been famed for the energy, foresight and enterprise of its management, 
 which has made it one of the most successful, as well as most popular corporations 
 on this side of the Atlantic. Passengers from New Orleans can take the Pullman 
 Palace Sleeping Cars through to Chicago without change, and travel surrounded 
 by all the comlbrts of a well appointed home. 
 
 In the summer, the Great Jackson Route has on sale Excursion Tickets over 
 the Illinois Central Ilailroa<l to the justly famous watering places and resorts of 
 the Northwest — Waukesha, renowned for its health-giving springs; (^conomowoc, 
 the centre of the beautiful Lake District of Wisconsin ; Green Lake, St. Paul, 
 Grand Haven, Niagara Falls, Putin-Bay, and numerous other points, all most 
 delightful places to spend the months in which the heat is most irksome in 
 the South. 
 
 It is said that " corporations have no souls," but during the epidemic of 1878 
 it was proved that the Great Jackson Route was under the management of liberal, 
 
PROMINENT BUi^INESS HOUSES. 
 
 Ill 
 
 l^ublic spirited. ivIiole-.soKled meu. Besides large c-outribiitious iu uiouey to the 
 fund for tlie aid of the sick, they furnished car load after car load of lime to our 
 citj" authorities to aid in cleansing and disinfecting our city, and carried free of 
 charge, physicians, nurses, medicines and supplies, from point to point as they 
 were needed. Their geuerous aid, spontaneously given, will not soon be forgotten. 
 It proved that they had sentiments and feeliugs above the pursuit of the almighty 
 dollar, and were worthy of the hearty support of the people all along their exten- 
 sive lines. 
 
 n-' 
 
 ^fe 
 
 ^.z^^(^:z:. 
 
 ^ii^4^(^^ 
 
 IN the commerce of the country, New Orleans occupies a prominent position. 
 Her cotton, rice and sugar make an immense business in themselves, while her 
 jjosition as the natural depot of the great Mississippi Valley, gives her a vast 
 importance to the rapidly developing country of the West. 
 
 Railroad conmiunication with Texas, now assured within the coming six 
 months, will not only restore the greatei- portion of the trade of that section now 
 diverted to other cities, but will open up fresh fields and bring new connections, 
 that will ere long place our city in the foremost rank of the commercial cities of the 
 world. 
 
 We have many old and influential Arms that have a national fame, and many 
 others, younger in years, who are worthy of note for their energy, enterprise and 
 high integrity. Among the honored names that have i)lace in the connnercial his- 
 tory of New Orleans, none hold a higher rank, at home and abroad, than that of 
 
 SCHMIDT & ZIEGLER, 
 
 of whose extensive establishment, Nos. 41>, 51, ."io and 55 South Peters street, oui- 
 artist has presented an animated ^^ew. The house is one of the oldest in our city, 
 having been established in 1845. Energy and ability marked its youngest days ; 
 long before the war it had an establisbed name and reputation ; and the years as 
 they have rolled on, have brought it more prominently before the people of the 
 South and Southwest, gathering friends and extending its influence. The seniors 
 of the firm, Messrs. Wm. B. Schmidt and F. M. Ziegler, are everj^where known for 
 their enlightened views, liberality, enterprise and public spirit. Everj^ movement 
 for the benefit of our city, for the development of her resources, or the extension 
 of her commerce, is certain of their support in both time and money. Their name 
 is a tower of strength, and is always sure to be on the side of enterprise and 
 advancement. 
 
 The spacious buildings occupied by them are filled with an iumiense stock 
 embracing every article known to the Wholesale Grocery business. They emplo,y 
 in every department men of known ability, all of them prompt, reliable and 
 courteous. 
 
 Their orders come from the city and all sections of the neighboring States, 
 and keep their large corps of employes busy packing, marking and shipping. It 
 is dull times, indeed, when the store of Schmidt & Ziegler does not resemble a bee 
 hive in its bustle and activity. They handle immense quantities of sugar, 
 molasses and rice, and buy and sell coffee by the cargo. They are sole agents for 
 
112 
 
 ¥]SW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 the State of Louisiana for G. H. Muinin & Co.'s Chainpajiues, Fremiuet's Tisaue 
 de Champague, Ofaid, Diii^iiy & Co.'s Brandies, Sei^iiouret Freres Fine Wines, 
 .lules Rol)in & Co.'s Cognac Brandies, Marie Brizard & Boger's Cordials, and 
 lienedietine Cordial. Tlie.v liandle also n large stock of the oldest and pnrest whis- 
 
 kies, and receive direct from San Francisco large quantities of pure wines, red 
 and white, and fruits in cans, in which their trade is very extensive ; they also 
 import direct from England, Bass iV: Co. and Allsopp's Pale Ales and Guiness' 
 Stout, and from Germany the celebrated natural mineral waters of the Apollinaris, 
 Hunyadi Janos and Seltzer Waters. 
 
PROMINENT lilTsrNKSS IlOrsES. 
 
 STAUFFER, MACREADY & GO. 
 
 ii.j 
 
 () d laudmarks awaken pleasant nieinurie.s of the past, and there is no name 
 around which brighter recollections gather, than that which heads this article 
 
 ihis mammoth hardware house is old— established in 1824 -but not moss 
 overgrown ; there are no marks of rust and decay: on the contrary it is as brisht 
 and lustrous as m the days of our boyhood ; there is the same energy, activity and 
 
 
114 NIJW ORLEANS ILL U8TBA TED. 
 
 enterprise, as we noted in our eaily mauliood, and to-day, it gives proudse of being 
 as " familiar as household words " to our children's children. 
 
 What a lesson is contained in the history of such an establishment, for the 
 young American, ambitious of commercial renown ! What an incentive to energy, 
 industry and integrity to the yonth who will pause to consider the long and 
 honorable career of this house ! It has existed, although under different styles of 
 tirms, through an unbroken period of over half a century, meeting all engagements 
 ])romptly, keeping old friends and customers and gathering new ones, by an un- 
 swerving attention to duty and right. The house was established in 1824, by Mr. 
 Augustus Whiting, who died a short time ago, and the late Robert Slark, and was 
 then known as Whiting «& Slark. In 184G, Mr. Whiting retired Irom the firm, 
 which had gained, under the management of himself and his esteemed partner, 
 an enviable reputation throughout the south and the southwest. 
 
 The venerable Robert Slark died in 18()8, lamented by all who knew him, 
 leaving " as rich inheritance to his issue," a spotless record of integrity and worth. 
 Such men do honor to humanity, their history illustrates the elevated character 
 and wide scope of the true merchant's career. 
 
 Our highly esteemed fellow-citizens, Mr. James I. Day and Mr. Isaac H. 
 Stauifei, were admitted to partnership in the original firm in 1840, under the style 
 of Slark,- Day, Stautfer &> Co., both having previously served the firm as salesmen. 
 Mr. Day withdi'ew in 1855, when the firm became Slark, Stauflter ^: Co. Mr. 
 William A. Kent who entered the employ of the house in 1844, was admitted a 
 partner in 1852 and died in 187.'). 
 
 Mr. Charles Macready who came to the house in 1847, was admitted to a part- 
 nership in 1858, and Mr. Benjamin F. Eshlenian, whose connection began in 1851, 
 became a partner in 1808. 
 
 The present firm, which succeeded Stautter, Kent»S: Co., in 187.>, is composed (tf 
 Messrs. Isaac H. Staufter, Cliarles Macready, and Benjanun F. Eshleman. 
 
 It will be seen that every succeeding member of the firm has been chosen from 
 the corps of able emploj^ees with which the house has always been well supplied. 
 
 To reach so j)rominent and influential a ])ositiou as partner in one of the first 
 and oldest commercial firms, not only of the south, l>ut of the United States, is an 
 object well calculated to stinuilate to the utmost the abilities of an ambitious young 
 mau, and when so honorable a position is finally attained, through liis own exer- 
 tions, it is such a distinguished mark of appreciation, and such an indisi)utable guar- 
 antee of the possession of those abilities, that the possessor may well be proud of it, 
 and he ueeds no other title to the confidence and respect of his feliow-(;itizens. 
 
 We present to our readers a handsome picture of the store <jf this well known 
 firm, 71 Canal street, with their mammoth warehouses extending through to Cus 
 tomhouse street. 
 
 They carry at all times an immense stock of foreign and domestic hardware, 
 agricultural implements, cutlery, iron, coi)per, zinc, tin, and their manufactured 
 derivations. Orders, however extensive, are filled with care and dispatch, and 
 with that attention to fair and honorable dealing which has marked this house 
 from the hour when its doors were first thrown open, a course which has placed it 
 in the front rank, amongst the great commercial firms of America. 
 
 LOUIS GRUNEWALD. 
 
 There are few names better known, or which command more respect, than the 
 one which heads this article. Not alone in if ew Orleans, but throughout the entire 
 South and Southwest, is the business enterprise, punctuality, and unquestioned 
 integrity of Mr. Grunewald understood and appreciated, while his urbane and 
 courteous manner have given him a favored and honored place in social circles at 
 home and abroad. 
 
 Mr. Grunewald was born in Bavaria on the Rhine, in 1827, and came to New 
 Orleans in 1852. In 1854 he married Miss Maria Louisa Schindler, of Baden, the 
 
PROMIXEKT BUSINESS HOUSES. 
 
 llo 
 
 adopted daughter of J. C. Deunies, Esq., the veteran commercial writer of the South, 
 whose opinions and quotations have always been accepted as the highest authority. 
 In 1850 Mr. Grunewald commenced business as a music dealer, near the Maga- 
 zine street Market. In 1858 he moved to Chartres street, and afterwards to Canal 
 street, where, for many years, his splendid store formed one of the greatest attrac- 
 tions of that famed thoroughfare. In 1873 he built Grunewald Hall, an archi- 
 tectural ornament to our city, and a lasting monument to his liberality, sagacity 
 and enterprise. 
 
 ^:2>-^^^^ ^^'^^i^^'Sii^^' 
 
 By his energy and perseverence, he has given the music business great pr<>mi- 
 uciuce in the trade of imr city, and made his own establishnuMit the leading business 
 house of the South. Mr. (Trnnewald is an eminently practical man, thoroughly 
 acquainted with the tastes and interests of our people, public spirited and reliable, 
 one whose indorsement is a suflrtcient guarantee of whatever, or whomever, he 
 recommends. 
 
 YALE & BOWLING. 
 
 Among the old, staunch and reliable firms, whose career of nearly half a cen- 
 tury has reflected honor and credit upon commercial life in New Orleans, none 
 deserve a higher rank than the house whose title heads this article. 
 
 Their extensive establishment, Nos. 17, ]1» and 21 Magazine street, between 
 Common and Gravier, is one of the best arranged and most convenient in the 
 South. The lower floors are thrown into one immense sales room, which during 
 the busy season, presents a scene of animation and life pleasant to look upon. 
 
 They carry at all times a heavy stock of fancy and staple dry goods, fancy 
 goods and notions, which they sell by the package or piece, confinii g themselves 
 exclusively to a wholesale and jobbing trade. To keep this stock well up in all 
 the difl'erent lines appertaining to their business, requires every foot of space in 
 
116 
 
 NEW 0RLEAJS8 ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 tbeir three buildings, the careful attention of competent and experienced 
 heads of departments, and the constant supervision of the members of the 
 firm, who are veterans in their business. Throughout Louisiana, Alabama, Texas, 
 Arkansas and Mississippi, they have customers in the leading cities and towns, 
 
 J c. ir^LDO Phoi £^. ^'pr I 
 
 many of whom have dealt with them season after season through the past quarter 
 of a century. 
 
 Messrs. Yale & Bowling have also a very important Mexican and Central 
 American trade, the merchants and dealers in those countries finding it more to 
 
FEOMWJENT BUSINIJSIS HOUSES. 
 
 Ill 
 
 their advantage to do business with such a house in the Crescent City, than to go 
 to the Northern markets for their goods. 
 
 We have heard croakers say that New Orleans merchants couhl not compete 
 with the West and North — that they have neither the energy or facilities. 
 
 The history of this old time house, dealing in goods in which the merchants 
 of the North are supposed to be especially strong, proves the falsity of this asser- 
 tion. Messrs. Yale & Bowling have the capital and e.\i)erience to conii)ete with all 
 honorable and reliable competitors, and they possess the energy, entei prise and 
 perseverance necessary to place their advantages before those who want their 
 merchandise. With such merchants New Orleans need fear no rivals ; give them 
 the transportation and attendant opportunities, and they will do the business. 
 
 Prominent amongst our millinerj^ and fancy goods houses, is that of 
 
 r. R. HARDON, 
 
 Nos. 27 and 29 Chartres street, which at all seasons of the year, but especially in 
 the fall and spring, when new styles are expected, is a favorite resort with the 
 elite Of our city. Here we ask our readers to observe the numbers, 27 and 29 
 
118 
 
 NEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Charties street, the latter being I'ut one door from the corner of CnstomhoKse street. 
 Mr. Hardon Las lieeii in Inisine^s in Xew Orleans for twenty-four years, over 
 twenty of which have heen spent in his present location. Assisted by his wife, a 
 lady of cultivated and refined tastes, who has rare tact and judgment in the 
 selection and arrangement of articles so as to suit the different styles and com- 
 plexions of customers, he has established a business which annually grows larger. 
 If our ladies desire something rare in shade, fine in texture, and elegant in finish, 
 they go to Mrs. F. E. Hardon's. They know that what they get there will be 
 exactly what it is represented, and as cheap as a really good article can be afforded. 
 Mrs. F. E. Hardon has a large custom in the country, orders that come by mail, 
 are filled with such care that each bonnet, hat or bridal trousseau sent out, is an 
 advertisement for the house, and an inducement for all the neighbors of the fortu- 
 nate wearer to send their orders to the same reliable house. 
 
 Xear the 
 house of 
 
 JAMES 
 
 Magazine Market is the popular business 
 
 KIRKPATRICK, 
 
 store. 
 
 a well stocked and handsomely arranged 
 No. 010 Magazine street, where you can get school 
 books, fine stationery, prayer books, fancy articles, cro- 
 (]uet sets, blank books, music, and all other articles 
 usually found in a first class stationery establishment. 
 Mr. Kiikpatrick is also prepared to do plain and fancy 
 job printing in the best style, and at as low prices as 
 can be obtained anywhere in the city. 
 
 ( );je of the oldest establishments in New Orleans is 
 that ot 
 
 J. B. SOLAEI & SONS, 
 
 corner of Eoyal and (Customhouse streets, im|)orters and dealers in fancy and staple 
 
 groceries, wines, ales, fine liquors, &c. Messrs. Solari enjoy an enviable reputation 
 
 for the excellence of the goods they sell ; no trash, nothing that is stale, or of an 
 
 inferior quality is allowed a i)lace in their well appointed store. It is known, too, 
 
 that if you want some rare delicacy, a 
 
 potted meat or x>reserve, something that 
 
 you would not expect to get anywhere 
 
 short of John Duncans' Sons, New York, 
 
 you will find it at Solari's. While they 
 
 sell only the hest of everything, their 
 
 prices are as low as any house in the 
 
 city, and consequently they have a large 
 
 and satisfactory trade. 
 
 d 
 
 For over thirty years the firm of 
 
 RICE, BORN & CO., 
 
 -Bf 
 
 rtfll 
 
 has held a prominent and honored place 
 
 in our business community. While they have become famous as the Southern 
 Agents for the celebrated Charter Oak Cooking Stove, they deserve no less repu- 
 tation for the extent and variety of their stock of foreign and domestic hardware, 
 cutlery, agricultuial imiilenients, caipenters' tools, &c., &c. They are emphati- 
 
PROMINENT BUSINESS HOUSJ^JS. 
 
 119 
 
 ally an euterprisiug, euergetic, go-aliciid tiriu, and their business is conducted with 
 a regularity and system which enables them to till all orders proiuptly, and with 
 satisfaction to their wide circle of customers. Their long experience and ani])le 
 capital gives them tlie advantage of being able to purchase in all the markets of 
 the world on the most favorable terms, and compete successfull.\ with any other 
 lumse in their line of business throughout the Tnion. 
 
 We present to our readers a handsome picture of the (Irii.vier street front of 
 the mammoth dry goods house of 
 
 SAMUEL L. BOYD, 
 
 who occupies the stores Nos. Wo, 105 and 107 (Iravier street, extending through 
 to Nos, 90 and 94 on Common street. 
 
120 
 
 NEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 The liou.sc was establi.sbed in 1S0<) and rapidly ^icw in favor. Tbei]' business 
 was done in the spirit of this progressive age ; a full line of fancy and staple dry 
 goods and notions, imported as well as domestic, was offered to their customers, at 
 such ])rices that it would not pay to go North or West to make purchases. . This 
 fact soon became known and an extensive circle of customers was the result, a 
 circle tlint lias been constantly widening and increasing ever since. Mr. Boyd is 
 not only a ])ra(*tical dry goods man himself, but he has about him a large corps of 
 tlic most experienced men in the trade, many of them old New Orleans favorites, 
 
 >^^^^ 
 
 ^^(f.^^i%7 /^07V-SA/e. yy.or'x 
 
PROMINENT BUSINESS HOUSES. 
 
 121 
 
 who have friends in all the adjacent country whose orders they have tilled season 
 after season, for a long' jieriod of years. 
 
 Mr. Boyd carries an immense stock, requiring six stores of more than ordmary 
 size each, all thrown into one, making one of the largest establishments in his line 
 South of New York. Under one roof, so to speak, dealers will find every article 
 they require, a convenience which they will not fail to appreciate. With ex- 
 perienced buyers constantly in tlie markets, and ample capital to take advantage 
 of every favorable turn in prices, Mr. Boyd keeps his stock always fresh, and is 
 enabled to give his customers the benefit of all fluctuations, and place their 
 orders as Iom' as they could for themselves, if they visited the factories and depots 
 of the North and East. 
 
 Mr. Boyd is a liberal and enterprising merchant, with whom it is a pleasure to 
 deal. Such men contribute largely to the commercial popularity of a great city, 
 and fully merit the success which always attends their well guided efibrts. 
 
 The name of 
 
 MME. ROSA REYNOIR, 
 
 whose establishment is at No. 9 Chartres street, awakens at once thoughts of the 
 most recherche and elegant hats, bonnets, ribbons, ball flowers, and other fine goods, 
 I'steemed by ladies, and ad- 
 mired by the refined and 
 cultivated of the sterner sex. 
 Aime. Reynoir is a modiste 
 of rare inventive genius, and 
 great taste and Judgment, a 
 careful, painstaking lady, 
 who s])ares no effort to 
 please her customers. The 
 result is seen in the con- 
 stantly increasing business. 
 She selects her goods in 
 person, and buys nothing 
 that is old, or sli ]> worn or 
 trashy, no matter how cheap 
 it may appear to be. Her 
 customerjs know this and the 
 public is becoming more and 
 more aware of the important 
 fact. Therefore her " open- 
 ings " are looked forward to 
 with deep interest, and are 
 thronged with the elite of 
 our city, who know that there 
 they will find the choicest 
 of new, novel and rich 
 goods, in the milinery and 
 fancy goods line, appropri- 
 ate to the season. We have 
 said that Mme. Reynoir en- 
 joys a large share of the 
 patronage of the best fami- 
 lies of our city, she also has 
 an extensive country trade, 
 many ladies in the interior 
 sending their orders to her, 
 knowing that they will re- 
 ceive as much care,^and 
 probably be executed with better taste, than if they came in person to make their 
 selections. Mme. Reynoir has made ample preparations for the coming season. 
 16 
 
122 yUW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 On page 78 we present a good view of the exterior of the popular store of 
 
 GEORGE E. STRONG, 
 
 No. 115 Canal street, and here give a i)icture of its interior. This widely known 
 jewelry emporium was established by the late Mr. E. A. Tyler, over thirty years 
 ago, and has ever since enjoyed a high reputation throughout the South and South- 
 west. Mr. Strong, who succeeded Mr. Tyler, has had an experience of over twenty- 
 five years in the jewelry manufacturing business, and his yearly trips through this 
 and adjacent States have made his name familiar to our people. He brings to this 
 home establishment, ability, energy and enterprise, and is esteemed as one of our 
 best merchants and most worthy citizens. Having secured the services of Mr. B. 
 
 Interior View of George E, Strong's Establishment. 
 
 V. Wiggins, one of the best watchmakers in the country, that branch of the bu.si 
 uess will be skillfully attended to. Jewelry and medals of all kinds aie made by 
 this house and all work guaranteed equal to that done anywhere in the North or 
 in Europe. 
 
 He has a superior stock from which wedding and anniversary presents may be 
 selected, and orders for complete outfits will receive prompt attention. Mr. 
 Strong's long connection with manufacturers gives him advantages in bu.^'ing, which 
 enables him to compete favorably witli any house in the South. 
 
 WILLIAM MEHLE. 
 
 Among the y<mng business men of our city, who have made an enviable recoid 
 b^ their energy, tact and ability, none are more deservedly esteemed than 
 William Mehle. 
 
PROMINENT BUSINESS HOUSES. 
 
 123 
 
 He is a native of New Orleans, and a graduate of the Boys' High School of 
 this city. 
 
 His business ideas, like those of most of our active American youths, were 
 early developed, he having- been clerk and manager of the old Stock Yard, near 
 Louisiana Avenue, while yet a mere boy. In this position, however, he had 
 frequent oi>portunities for investments, and his speculations proved that he pos- 
 sessed business capacities and foresight far beyond his years. He made himself 
 further valuable by reporting the markets for the daily journals of our city. He 
 resigned his position in the Stock Yard to become book-keeper for the house of 
 Ben Foster & Co. 
 
 Soon after this he received j)ropositions from Mr. Alexander Hay, one of the 
 oldest and most reliable merchants of our city, which after due consideration he 
 accepted, becoming- a silent partner in Mr. Hay's business. 
 
 Later on the firm of Hay & Mehle was formed, Mr. Mehle being the junior 
 partner, and so continued until lately, when the partnership was dissolved, and 
 Mr. Mehle took the business into his own hands. The house is extensivelv 
 
 ^<^:^(^ry>^ 
 
 engaged in the hide and tallow business, receiving large shipments from 'iVxjis 
 and the other stock raising localities, which are sold to the North and Eniopc, 
 making an important item in the commerce of our city. 
 
 Mr. Mehle's frank, candid and courteous bearing have secured him a host of 
 friends. He is an especial favorite at Carnival Court, where he stands next to 
 royal Eex, and indeed is said on occasions to have stood in the very shoes of our 
 august yet merry monarch — the King- himself This we do not doubt. Pleasant 
 and genial in manner, he is a favorite in society, and always welcome amongst 
 those who have gathered together for enjoyment. 
 
 Upon such generous and able men, the future development of the wealth and 
 commerce of the Crescent City depends in a large degree, and, judging- from past 
 actions, we feel assured Mr. Mehle will, in that future, perform his part unhesi- 
 tatingly and well. 
 
J 24 NE W ORLEANS ILL USTBA TED. 
 
 Aiuoii^ tlie most eneigetic of our young' mercbaiits, is 
 
 F. M. NORMAN, 
 
 598 Magaziue street, between St. Andrew and Josephine, 
 Bookseller, Stationer and Printer. His store is filled 
 with the choicest juticles in liis line, all selected with 
 yreat care, and sold ;it temptingly low prices. Fine 
 albums, writing desks, f;isliional)le papeterie, and other 
 line goods will be found at tins ]>()])ular store. Mr. Normau 
 IS prepared to do fancy and plain printing in all styles, 
 and those wishing visiting or business cards, bill heads, 
 circulars, etc., will do well to give him a call. 
 
 Amongst the family grocery firms of our city, that of 
 
 CLARK & HEADER 
 
 holds a high rank. One of the oldest houses in their line of business, they enjoy 
 a patronage second to none, and have an enviable reputation as proinj)t, fair and 
 courteous merchants, not only iu our own city, but through all tbe extensive 
 country whose supplies are purchased here. Their spacious store, Nos. 16 and 18 
 Carondelet street, convenient to the business centre, is stored with the best of 
 imported and domestic stai)le and fancy groceries, wines and liquors, and orders 
 are always attended to with dispatch. Their branch store, corner of St. Charles 
 and Napoleon Avenue, is deservedly popular with our citizens of the Sixth and 
 vSeventh Districts. 
 
 One of the most honored names among the business houses of Ncm' Orleans, 
 is that of 
 
 A. ROCHEREAU & CO., 
 
 ]S^os. 10 and 18 St. Louis street, imi)orters of wines, brandies, vermouth, oils, 
 sardines, etc. They are sole agents for the sale of Krug & Co.'s Champagne, in 
 relation to which we copy the following from the Xew York Dry Goods Bulletin : 
 
 " The true champagne wine is produced only in that part of the Department 
 of the Marne (France) situated in the neighborhood of Reims and Epernay. 
 Imitations of champagne wine are made in different countries, from inferior white 
 wines charged with carl)onic acid gas, but they liave neither the flavor nor the 
 valuable medicinal qualities which distinguish the real champagne, and in many 
 cases are said, by the medical faculty, to be actually injurious. Reims must be 
 regarded as the veritable headcpiarters of the preparation of this delicious wine. 
 Some of the establishments in that city are on an immense scale ; and the process 
 employed, from the time of gathering the grapes to the final packing- of the 
 bottles in baskets or cases, is so remarkable from its perfection and the minute 
 <;are given to every separate operation as to merit description. 
 
 " One of the best known and most important houses engaged in the manufac- 
 ture of champagne is that of Messrs. Krug- & Co., No. 5 Coquebert street, Reims ; 
 and as some notable improvements in the preparation of the wine have been 
 adopted by the firm, a brief account of their method and the extent of theu- 
 establishment will })rove useful and interesting to the wine trade, not only in the 
 United States but in most i)arts of the civilized world. 
 
 " The edifices comprising the factory and ofltices are constructed around a vast 
 court, which gives conv^euient entrance to the numerous trucks or drays employed 
 for the expedition or shipment of the wine, which finds a market in most parts of 
 
PROMINENT BUSINESS HOUSES. 125 
 
 the globe, even to those as remote as China and Japan. All the buildings are 
 constructed in a most handsome and substantial manner, of colored brick and iron, 
 no wood being used with the exception of the oftice fittings and some other unim- 
 portant items, thus rendering the whole establishment as nearly fire-proof as 
 possible — a point of great importance when the immense <pmntit.y of wine stored 
 in the caves and cellers is taken into consideration. Tlie first room shown to the 
 visitor contains an ample provision of corks of the best Spanisli growth. These 
 are twice the size of the necks of the bottles, and have to be compressed before 
 they can be introduced. This is effected by ])utting them in hoUini) hot water and 
 squeezing them in a machine designed for the i)urpose. This room also contains 
 envelopes, made of straw, for protecting the bottles, and cardboard for wrapping 
 them, as well as baskets and cases for packing theni in. Champague for the 
 United States is packed in baskets, for England and Russia in cases, while for 
 China and Japan each bottle is surrounded ^\'ith the straw covering above men- 
 tioned. 
 
 " The principal i)oint of interest, however, is the caves or cellars for storing the 
 wine. These are immense, occiipying one hundred metres, or about 120 squaj-e 
 yards. They are situated under tlie courtyard and are constructed one below the 
 other, the lower one being 12 metres (about fourteen yards) below the surface of 
 the ground. The caves are divided into comi)artments, known as herceanx, or 
 cradles, and are capable of containing three millions of bottles, which are stored 
 on racks called las, holding from 10,000 to 20,000 bottles. 
 
 " Each manufacturer of champagne has a process or system of his own, upon 
 which depends in a great measure the quality of the wine. That adopted by 
 Messrs. Krug & Co. embraces many improvements, and will account for the high 
 reputation enjoyed by their wines all over the world. The main features charac- 
 terizing the preparation of wine by this establishment may be briefly stated as 
 follows : 
 
 "The culture of the grapes is the fiist essential point to be considered. About 
 a quarter of the vineyard is planted with white grapes, and the other three- 
 quarters with red or black grapes, both of whi(;h are used in the making of white 
 wine, the juice of the black grapes having been sei)ar;ited, immediately after gath- 
 ering, from the skin and the seeds, whicli alone produce flie red color when fer- 
 menting with the liquid. Nevertheless, in good and <piick years, when the black 
 grapes have attained a high degree of maturity, the wine produced from them 
 retains a slightly i)ink color known as rose or taclie, which is an evidence of superior 
 quaUty. Wine made from black grapes has more body and hoiKjiiet than that made 
 from white grapes ; but on the other hand the latter has a finer flavor and pro- 
 duces more foam. The best growths or cms of black grapes are those of Ay, 
 Mareuil, Champillon, Hautvilliers, Dizy, Epemay, Pierry, Cuinieres, and Aveiiay, 
 above the river Marne ; and Bouzy, Verzenay, 8illery, Meilly, and Killy, in the 
 mountain of Reims. Those of white grai)es are, Cramant, Avize, Le Mesnil, Oger, 
 Grauves, and Cuis, situated to the south of Epernay. Special care is taken in the 
 vintage. The grapes are cut with great precaution, selected, skinned, and then 
 crushed in the press each day. On leaving the press the wine is placed in ^'ats 
 containing between three and four thousand gallons, where it commences to fer- 
 ment in a few days. The red and white wines are usually mixed together; and on 
 the selection of such wines as unite well m regard to boiKjuet and shade of color 
 much of the quality of the wine depends. 
 
 "After the wine has been bottled a second fermentation takes place, producing 
 a sediment, which must be carefully removed. This is effected by placing the 
 bottles with their necks downwards, causing the sediment to rest upon the cork. 
 When the proper time has arrived the corks are removed, and the gas ejects the 
 whole of the sediment. The void thus created must be filled up with a syrup com- 
 posed of the finest sucrecandi (sugar) dissolved in wine. This is regulated to suit 
 the taste of different countries. Champagne wine requires about three years from 
 the pressing of the grapes till its maturity when kept in suitable caves. In this 
 respect Messrs. Krug & Co. have special advantages, their cellars being expressly 
 constructed for the purpose, with every improvement that modern ingenuity can 
 
126 
 
 NEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 suggest. The great care taken by this house iu the manufacture of their wines is 
 further evidenced by the fact that every bottle is individually inspected before 
 leaving the premises, those showing signs of leakage at the corks being rigorously 
 rejected. 
 
 " All the oi)erations of this interesting manufacture are carried on upon the 
 premises, and equal care is bestowed ui^on the rinsing and corking of the bottles 
 as upon all the other parts of the process, by which means a wine Is produced 
 that cannot be surpassed for purity and flavor. 
 
 " To those who can obtain the opi>ortunity, a visit to the vast and well ordered 
 establishment of this firm cannot fail to be a source of much interest and pleasure. 
 
 One of the leading houses in the wholesale grocery business is that of 
 
 ZUBERBIER & BEHAN, 
 
 corner of Tchonpitoulas and Common streets, composed of Mr. H. Zuberbier, Presi 
 dent of the Germania Insurance Comj)any, formerly of the house of Schneider 
 ^ Zuberbier, and Gen. Wm. J. Behan, rommander of our State Troops, previously 
 of the firm of Behan, Thorn «.S: (Jo., both gentlemen of high, social and c^mimer- 
 (•ial standing. 
 
 Their spacious store has a fine front on Tchonpitoulas, and extends back on 
 Comjuon street about one-third of the square. Here they have an immense stock 
 of all fan<iy and staple goods embraced in their line, with the best brands of wines, 
 whiskies, brandies, etc., both imported and domestic. 
 
 Among their salesmen will be found several gentlemen who have long been 
 connected with the grocery and western produce business of our city, men whose 
 
PROMINENT BUSIKEISS HOUSES. 
 
 Vl'i 
 
 sterling mtegrity, promptness and courtesy have won them friends throughout the 
 section tributary to New Orleans. With such assistants to second their own able 
 and well directed efforts, it cannot be wondered, that Messrs. Zuberbier & Behan, 
 have a wide circle of correspondents, and that their business increases with each 
 passing year. 
 
 Dealing largely in l^ox and can goods, fancy groceries, whiskies, wines and 
 liquors, which they are enabled to secure at the lowest prices, they also receive 
 heavy consiffnnients from the millers and packers of the West, wliich gives them 
 the ability to supply their large list of customers at the lowest market rates, 
 wliile the large trade which they enjoy with all i)oints contigious to New Orleans 
 enables them to place to the best ad\antage tiie goods consigned to then) by their 
 correspondents. With large capital, long experience and a th()r(mgh knowledge of 
 the wants of the i)eo[)h' of this section, tliis old and sul)stantial Iionse is doing its 
 full share towards making New Orleans the most poi»idar market of the South 
 west. 
 
 None of our friends sliouhi fail to visit the elegant art empoiinni of 
 
 W. E SEEBOLD, 
 
 No. 160 Canal street, oppo 
 site the Varieties Theatre. 
 Mr. Seebold is not only an 
 enterprising and spirited 
 merchant, but a gentleman 
 of rehned and artistic taste. 
 He has made it a study to 
 eombine in his establish 
 ment the choicest orna- 
 numts and gems of art, the 
 most improved tools and 
 materials for artists, and 
 richest articles in sta- 
 tionery; in fact to make 
 his store an Art Emporium. 
 That he has succeeded will 
 be the verdi(;t of e\-ery 
 one who visits a is store. 
 Mr. Seebold has a large 
 stock of paintings, chromos, 
 frames, mottoes, tine books, 
 writing desks, artists' ma- 
 terials, archery, (; r o ( i u e t 
 and other fancy goods. He 
 purchases in large quanti- 
 ties, direct fiom headijuar- 
 ters, and is therefore able 
 to sell at the lowest pos- 
 sible prices. 
 
 Dealers wishing to re- 
 plenish their stocks will 
 find here a complete assort- 
 ment, and inducements 
 
 equal to those to be pro- 
 cured at any reliable establishment in the country. 
 
128 
 
 KDW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Que of tlie old landmarks of Camp street is the mammoth clothing establish- 
 ment of 
 
 WHEELER & PIERSON, 
 
 Nos. 13 and lo Camp street, opposite the City Hotel. Gentlemen seeking outhts 
 for business or social occasions will find in their stock the latest styles and most 
 desirable fabrics, all durably made and thoroughly tiuislied. TTp stairs they keep 
 
 a very large assortment of clothing, underwear, shirts, etc., from which dealers 
 and merchants from the interior can select their stocks, and at prices as reasonable 
 as in the markets of the North or West. They keep no trash or auction goods, 
 believing that a poor article is dear at any i)rice, and that the only sure way to 
 build up a business is to so treat their customers that they will not only return 
 themselves, but but bring or send their friends. 
 
 In that magnificent structure, the Moresque building, comer of Camp and 
 Poydras streets, will be found the great Furniture Emporium of 
 
 R. M. & B. J. MONTGOMERY. 
 
 For over a third of a centuiy this house has occupied a high and honorable 
 position in the business of our city. In their spacious store will be found the 
 
PROMINENT BUSINESS HOUSES. 
 
 129 
 
 newest styles of parlor and bed room sets, household furniture and office furniture, 
 aU selected with great care from the leading factories of the country. Their ample 
 capital, long experience and thorough business qualifications, give them advantages 
 
 enjoyed by few houses in their line in the South, and enable them to compete suc- 
 cessfully for the business of this section. Whether the piu'chaser desires the finest 
 brocatel sets, or durable articles for family and plantation use, he can be suppUed 
 with all he wants by Messrs. K. M. & B. J. Montgomery at satisfactory prices. 
 
 17 
 
130 
 
 NJEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 JOHN R. KENT. 
 
 This enterprising- youug merchant was born in St. Helena parish in this State, 
 on the 24th October, 1844. 
 
 Young- Kent left school when eighteen years of age, to join the 5th Company 
 of the Washington Artillery, and served in that gallant crops throughout the war. 
 He is now a member of the Veteran Corps of the Washington Aitillery. 
 
 In December, 180(3, Mr. Kent came to ISTew Orleans and for some months was 
 a clerk in the grocery business. He then became a salesman in the extensive 
 western produce commission house of J. L. Dunica «& Co., a position which he 
 tilled with credit to himself and the entire satisfaction of the firm for a period of 
 six years. 
 
 In 1873 Mr. Kent began business for himself as a member of the firm of 
 Newman & Kent, commission merchants in flour, grain, provisions and western 
 produce, which continued for about three years, when he j)urchased Mr. Newman's 
 interest, and continued the business for his own accoujit under the firm name of 
 J. R. Kent & Co. 
 
 In 1878 Mr. Kent married Miss Clara Gordon, a daughter of Mr. Wm. Gordon, 
 of the well known firm of Gordon & Gomila. 
 
 Mr. Kent's jjlace of business is at No. 45 Tchoupitoulas street, in the heart of 
 the flour, grain and western produce district, and he may justly be said to be one 
 of the most successful men connected with this important branch of our city's com- 
 merce. 
 
 Mr. Kent has lately added to his business the agency of large manufacturers 
 of tobacco in North Carolina and Virginia, and has in store a full supply of the 
 best brands. Having- ample facilities he is prepared to compete for a large share 
 of this important trade. 
 
PROMINENT BUSINESS HOUSES. 
 
 131 
 
 Possessed in a higli degree of that indomitable energy which, when gTiided by 
 intelligence always brings success, Mr. Kent is now well started on a career which 
 l)romises a bright future. 
 
 We are confident that none of our readers can visit the Dry Goods store of 
 
 E. H. ADAMS & BROTHER, 
 
 594 Magazine street, without admiring the neatness of its arrangements and the 
 consummate taste evinced in the selection of stock. Hundreds of intelligent and 
 
 refined ladies have commented enthusiastically upon the multitude of rich and 
 elegant fabrics there displayed, pronouncing it wholly unrivalled in this city. The 
 standing of this house is so high, that they can purchase supplies at the lowest 
 
132 NJEW ORLEANS ILLUSTBATEJD. 
 
 figures; and as all their purchases are made direct, and the cost is therefore not 
 augmented by the tax of commissions, they can aflord to, and do, sell at lower 
 prices than theii- competitors generally. Their system ol marking the price in 
 figures on each article, in no case deviating therefrom, thus enabling seekers to 
 ascertain precisely what others have been paying, precludes all doubt of their 
 honest intentions. Their dignified deportment, and careful avoidance of strata- 
 gems savoring of claptrap, are recognized by visitors as. evidence of their claim to 
 entire confidence. AU sensible persons must, of course, appreciate the advantage 
 of having no occasion for discussion relative to prices, and therefore of making 
 their purchases with entire satisfaction. 
 
 Orders are carefully filled at lowest cash prices, and freight paid on those 
 exceeding $10. 
 
 One of the most popular stores of our city is that ot 
 
 GEORGE ELLIS & BROTHER, 
 
 No. 82 Camp street. Printers, Stationers and Blank Book Manufacturers. For 
 "lo! these many years," our friend George Ellis has been connected with the 
 news business of Is'ew Orleans, always keeping the latest papers, magazines, peri- 
 odicals and books. His partners, Messrs. Lewis L. Ellis and Wm. A. Faiiche, are 
 active and enterprising gentlemen, whose urbane and courteous manners have 
 added largely to the esteem in which this worthy firm is held. 
 
 All the popular literature of the day will be found on their counters as soon 
 as published. They have fine stationery, gold pens, and fancy articles in great 
 variety, with a full and general assortment of goods belonging to their hue of 
 business. We must also mention that great accoinniodaLion to their many Iriends 
 and customers, "Ellis' Circulating Library," the most complete collection of 
 standard works and belles lettres in the South, the subscription to which is so 
 reasonable that no lover of reading can find any excuse for not gratifying his pro- 
 pensities, and keeping up with the literature of the day. 
 
 The house of 
 
 LATHROP & WILKINS, 
 
 No. 112 Camp street, offers special inducements to dealers, schools and acaxlcniies, 
 wishing supplies of school books. They purchase in large quantities direct from 
 publishers, and by the advantageous arrangements they have perfected, are 
 enabled to give the same prices and discounts as can be obtained in Northern 
 cities. They have also a large and well selected stock of stationery, blank books 
 and fancy goods, in all of which they can ofter superior inducements to purchasers. 
 
 We present to our readers a handsome representation of the store of 
 
 A. BALDWIN & CO., 
 
 No. 74 Canal street and 91 to 95 Common streets, importers of foreign hardware, 
 cutlery, iron, steel, etc., and dealers in plantation implements, carpenters' 
 tools, etc. 
 
 The house was established in 1822, and with the exception of the interruption 
 
PROMINENT BUSINESS HOUSES. 
 
 133 
 
 caused by the war. has been in active operation ever since. For over half a cen- 
 tury it has occupied a leading position in our city, commanding the highest 
 respect and esteem at home and abroad. Its ancient fame is well maintained, 
 
 and wherever known, tlie name of A. Baldwin & Co. is a synonym of integrity, 
 energy, liberality and enterpiise. 
 
 Their stock is always Aery large, comprising all articles in the hardware busi- 
 ness, which they can sell at as low price as any house in America. 
 
 THEODORE LILIENTHAL. 
 
 Lilienthal, the Phot()giai)her, is one of the progressive men of this community. 
 
 The life of no citizen in New OrU^ans is richer than that of this gentleman in 
 the victory gained over a, hard fortune, through persistent effort, maintained always 
 Inmorably. In his native country, he started in life under fair commercial 
 
134 
 
 NEW OR LEAN IS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 auspices. On his arrival in this country, he was subjected — while still very young 
 — to those harsh, but useful, lessons taught by poverty. Now, in a profession 
 whose honors are accessible only to talent, enterprise, industry and integrity, he 
 has, atter a quarter of a century, assumed a place that cannot be safely assailed. 
 
 Theodore Lilienthal was born in Frankfort, Prussia, September 25th, 1829. 
 Sent to one of those excellent schools which are in the reach of every German boy, 
 he continued at his studies until the age of sixteen years. His family was, as 
 already said, emphatically, a commercial one. The young student was ardent, 
 eager and ambitious. He yearned for practical exertion in the field, which had 
 been planted and worked by generations of ancestors. He began his education, as 
 a merchant, in one of the largest silk factories in the city of Berlin. Even then, 
 while a youth, there was a step higher to be taken. He solicited and secured 
 
 membership in the " Asso('iate<l Mercliants' Society " — a substantial advantage to 
 a beginner in his nineteenth year. 
 
 In 1848, a great storm of revolution swe])t over Europe. Thrones toppled. 
 Monarchical France fell. Republican France rose. Prussia was con\ailsed. A 
 weak king was soon to abdicate, to be replaced by an iron and a heroic brother. 
 The spirit of revolt made Berliu, for a time, crazy. Among the corporate sympa- 
 thisers in the Republican dream, were the "Associated Merclmnt's Society." As 
 is well known, the government triumphed. It was not, as it happened, too severe 
 in the case of young Lilientlial, who had been conspicuous in the movement. He 
 was ordered by the government to liis home, to report at the expiration of six 
 months. During these six months, he did not allow himself to be idle. He served 
 as book-keeper in a banking house. 1848 was followed by 1840. A people's un- 
 successful revolution soon found a successor in a war of patriotism. Young 
 Lilienthal was drafted in the war between Prussia and Austria, into the Second 
 
PROMINENT BUSINESS HOUSES. 135 
 
 Regimeut of Dragoons. Although he was wounded in the first year, he continued 
 in active ser\ice until 1852. In that year, having reached the grade of non-com- 
 missioned officer, he was finally discharged. 
 
 In 1854, he arrived in New Orleans, with his parents and brothers and 
 sisters. To speak the truth, he was not— for an ambitious youth — over well 
 situated. He had no means of his own. He was tweuty-fonr years old. He was 
 young, therefore hopeful. But he did not speak English. There was no succeeding, 
 unless he could speak it. He knew what he had to do. He began to learn English 
 as fast as possible. But while learning it, he tried to get work. He could find 
 none. He went through, at this epoch, as many experiences of poverty, as might 
 fill a sensational novel under the inspiration of Beadle. At last, tired of being idle, 
 the old military spirit came back to him. He Joined, without the knowletlge of 
 his parents, comfortably settled in this city, the battalion that started in the 
 interest of ill-stared Lopez, and kept its fiag dying for three weeks near the 
 Mexican Gulf Depot on Lake Pontchartraiu. The expedition, for reasons sadly 
 known to history, never left our shores. Perhaps, it may be well to say here that, 
 later on, the same spirit awoke in the Lopez champion. In 18G1, he heard, once 
 more, the drums that called to active service in the field. He who had been a 
 patriot in 1818, continued to be a patriot in lsG2. He entered the Twiggs Guard, 
 and served under the command of Col. JVIarshall J. Smith. 
 
 On the young recruit's return from the Lopez Exi)edition, he took another 
 hard dose of poverty. At length, he was employed as an assistant in a daguerreo- 
 type establishment. 
 
 It was not long when, wise in experience, but very weak in purse, he began to 
 use his eyes as intelligent organs of observation. He thought that he might find 
 in the business his future career. He started a business for himself. It was a 
 small one, but it was destined to grow bigger, Lilienthal's establishment at No. 
 121 Poydras street, kept there for several years, is as fandliar as that street itself, 
 once a greater thoroughfare than it is now. 
 
 This was in 1854. Twenty-five years have passed since then. They have 
 
 . been years of eftbrt for Mr. Lilienthal. But they have also been years of progress 
 
 and triumph. He has risen ste]) by step, gaining increased patronage with each 
 
 step, until, compelled to remove, he has now fixed his establishment, at its present 
 
 location, in the Touro Buildmg, No. 121 Canal street. 
 
 Mr. Lilienthal's absorbing aim as a photographer, has been to reach perfection 
 in his art. No invention that has been announced since a quarter of a century 
 has escaped his notice. No improvement that has justified itself in the outside 
 world has not been made his own. Of the most mar\'elous in our modern photo- 
 gTaphic art, he has at a large exi)euse, made himself the sole licensee for Louisiana 
 and Mississippi. We refer to the famous Lambertype I'atent — the greatest of all 
 inventions in the photographic world. 
 
 What is a Lambertype ? 
 
 The explanation is easy enough. The Lambertype, in jjlain words, is a picture, 
 composed merely of India ink and gelatine. It is by no means — although it might be 
 so regarded — a new discovery. Quite thirty years ha^e passed since it was invented 
 and worked under the name of the Carbon Process. But its wonderful properties — 
 like those of all great inventions — were slow in their progress to public favor. It 
 rose into fame and practical success in the North, some few years ago. Mr. Lilienthal's 
 triumph in securing the license for this iState and Mississippi is that he is the only 
 one, in this section of the country, who foresaw its future value in the interests of 
 Art. The great want of the age since Daguerre first gave his name to the art of 
 solar reproduction, has been that the sun is an artist, whose works are more mortal 
 than those of the famous painters and sculptors. The ambrotype improved the 
 daguerreotype. It did not, however, meet the call for permanency. The photo- 
 graph was an improvement on the ambrotype. It was no advance in durability. 
 Then came the Carbon Process — now known as the Lambertype. It fills the want. 
 It is emphatically permanent photography. What is claimed for the Lambertype is, 
 that placed to-day in the hands of the sitter it will be as fresh, as strong, as natural, 
 a ceutuiy hence, as it is now. A century after that, if the card board upon which 
 
136 IfEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 it is taken be uot destroyed, its absolute truth to nature will not have changed. 
 Its permanence is assured by the very process itself. Photographs, under the old 
 method — although executed in the best style of the art — are perishable. The years 
 take from their faces as surely as they do from those of the originals. In ten years 
 they have mainly lost their clearness. In twenty years, they have lost their resem- 
 blance. Grand-children — if left to the best photograph — cannot, when they have 
 hearts to yearn, and eyes to judge, know their father's father and their mother's 
 mother. More than this, if a young girl secures the most highly-finished photo- 
 graph of herself in the freshness of the beauty of her eighteen years, the young- 
 face will not be there, hiughing-, charming, si)arkling, to meet the same woman 
 looking at it with the fading eyes half a century old. 
 
 In introducing the Lambertype, Mr. Lilienthal has, at one bound, taken the 
 foremost place among our city photographers. He looks — as he has always 
 looked — to progress. Progress in his profession is permanence. The Lambertype 
 assures this quality. Photographs must, sooner or later, fade. The Lambertype 
 cannot fade. It guards the picture of father and mother not only for the recog- 
 nition of their children, but for the affectionate reverence of generations, of which 
 the originals, in their tombs, can know nothing. 
 
 Like all inventions that, by their success, lead to the general admission of their 
 superiority, the Lambertype has met, in this city, with its professional detractors and 
 revilers. Mr. Lilienthal, in becoming the sole licensee of the Lambert patent, has 
 not been without some harsh experiences of his own. But, in spite of every pull 
 backward, the Lambertype's superiority has become fixed. It, and it alone, can, 
 by photograijhic art, realize for the faces of those loved, for the generations after 
 them, the tender prayer of the bearded and be-rufted gentleman in the " Haunted 
 Man " : " Lord ! keep my memory greett .'" 
 
 Mr. Lilienthal claims still another advance in his art. So far as we know, no 
 one denies that he is the introducer of the Artotype i*n New Orleans. 
 
 The Artotype is a recent discovery ; but it is one that will revolutionize the 
 world in the production of cheap pictures in a time not so far oft". An Artotyj^e is 
 a ijicture mechanically printed in printer's ink, on a common hand press, by the 
 combination of a photographic process. It is but an infant now. It received its 
 baptism of i)atenting only last September 19, 1878. An ordinary " negative," such 
 as that used for the common photograph, serves as the basis. From that basis, 
 may be taken either by day or by night, an unlimited number of prints. Perma- 
 nency and a selection of colors and toues, at the will of the sitter, are claimed for 
 this remarkable discovery. What its chief \alue is to be, howe\er, must result from 
 the i)ublic confidence in its cJieapness. That is something — as Judged by the present 
 prices riding for pictures not better, not truer, not half so durable, since the Arto- 
 type, as is claimed, is never fading, being printed with indelible ink. In large 
 numbers, Artotypes can be furnished as cheaply as lithographs. lu brief, their 
 possibilities are enormous. Their excellence — from specimens in Mr. Lilienthal's 
 studio — is undisputed. 
 
 We have spoken of Mr. Lilienthal's studio. It is, more correctly speaking, 
 an Art Gallery. The latest photographic improvements are to be tstudied in it. 
 It has that largest j)atronage, belonging to the greatest number of customers and 
 visitors. A word more. No one who has seen the photographic establishments of 
 the great Northern cities, can fail to recognize the marked superiority in admirable 
 pictures and i)icturesque grouping, lining the walls ; in pleasant albums upon the 
 tables ; in elegant siuTOundiugs ; and in a real reverence for art, which is oft'ered 
 by such a gallery as Lilienthal's. 
 
 Mr. LiUenthal is an ardent Mason, of good standing. He is married; but, 
 having had no children, he has adopted a bo^', who, after receiving an education, 
 has become a photographer, and, at this time, continues a useful member in his 
 estabhshment. 
 
PROMINENT BU SINE IS 8 HOUSES. 
 
 CAMILLE E. GIRARDEY. 
 
 137 
 
 Actively engaged for mauy years as Auctioneer and Appraiser of Real Estate 
 and Securities, the subject of our sketch is one of our most popular and widely 
 known citizens. 
 
 The character and extent of his business, and the interests of his many clients, 
 has combined to give him a prominence in his line not equalled by any of his 
 colleagues or predecessors. 
 
 He was born in France, in December, 1832, and emigrated with his parents 
 to this country in July, 1842. 
 
 His father, the late Francois Jose'ph Girardey, was a lawyer by in-ofession, in the 
 practice of which he contracted a pulmonary disease, necessitating its abandon- 
 ment and a change of climate. He emigrated to this country with his wife, Mrs. 
 Marie Ann Girardey, nee Moroge, and their family of live children, viz : Edward, 
 afterwards Dr. Girardey ; Isidor, afterwards Major ; Camille, afterwards Colonel ; 
 
 Angelique, afterwards Mrs. William J. Dougherty ; and Victor, afterwards General 
 Girardey — to meet his brother, the late Dr. Edward Girardey, wlio was estab- 
 lished in this city, but who, it was ascertained, upon their arrival here, had died 
 during the epidemic of 1833. Fatigued by the voyage, and attacked by his malady 
 with greater \irulence, he finally died in August, 1841:. 
 
 Mr. Girardey is connected by marriage to one of Louisiana's most respected 
 families. He was married in 1850, to Miss Emma L. Le Sueur, daughter of the 
 late Dr. Isidor Le Sueur and Clotilde Conant, and granddaughter of the late Dr. 
 Joseph Conant and Therese Jourdan. 
 
 In 1857 Mr. Girardey became a partner of the late Major Joseph A. Beard, in tlie 
 widely known and popular firm of J. A. Beard & Co. After the death of Major 
 Beard, Mr. Girardey continued the business for his own account, with his brother, 
 the late Gen. Victor J. B. Girardey, under the firm name of C. E. Girardey & Co. 
 
 18 
 
138 
 
 N-EW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 When the troubles between tlie North and South reached an appeal to arms, 
 the Girardey's were anionj>- the lirst to enter the Confederate army and served 
 throughout the war with distinction and honor. 
 
 On the cessation of hostilities Mr. Girardey returned to the city of his adop- 
 tion, and resumed business with increased popularity, and the same success 
 which attended him previously. 
 
 His rare judgment as an appraiser of real estate, his faithful attention and 
 devotion to the interests of those who placed their property in his hands, and the 
 courteous and honorable treatment of clients and customers, have insured him a 
 very large portion of the business of the city \j\ his specialty, and his adjudications 
 are widely quoted as giving a fair basis for estimates on real estate sold in our 
 market. 
 
 As a citizen, Mr. Girardey is liberal, public spirited and enterjjrising. He was 
 one of the principal jjrojectors and organizers of the Louisiana Ice Manufacturing 
 Company, and the Orleans Cotton Seed Oil and Manufacturing' Company, two of 
 the most successful industries of our city and State. 
 
 In social Life he is universally esteemed as a refined, cultivated and high-toned 
 gentleman. 
 
 -^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 'ftM6M£lM6MfiMMilftMMilMMM«^ 
 
 wiws^'Wi'imiW^miW^w^^ 
 
 i|HIS is the most important article entering into the commerce of our city, 
 and for the handling of which New Orleans is acknowledged to be the best 
 market in America. 
 
 The first mention of cotton by any Euroi)ean writer is made by 
 Herodotus, about the year 450 B. C. Its manufacture seems even then to 
 have reached great perfection. It is probable that cotton goods were first 
 introduced into Europe as articles of trafic by the expedition of Alexander the 
 Great, 330 B. C, but we have no record of any manufactory of cotton in 
 Europe before the tenth century, and then, only by the Mohammedans in Spain. 
 Its chief mart was Barcelona, in the neighborhood of which the plant is still found 
 growing wild. The (piantity of cotton produced in China is enormous ; some 
 writers estimate the crop annually, at twelve millions of our bales. Travelers who 
 have penetrated into the interior of Africa, concur in showing that cotton is indi- 
 genous to that continent, and that it is spun and woven into cloth, which is used 
 by the inhabitants of all classes for raiment. Columbus found cotton in use 
 among the natives of Hisi)aniola, but only in the most primitive form, while 
 Cortez found the manufacture in a much more advanced state in Mexico. Cotton 
 goods were first manufactured by the I^utch towards the end of the sixteenth 
 century. 
 
 It is said that in 1536 the cotton plant was found growing in some of the 
 country bordering on the Mississippi, and in Texas ; but the year ir)21 is generally 
 conceded to have been the time of the commencement of its culture in the United 
 States. The first mention of the manufacture of cotton cloth in England is in 
 1641, and of calico printing in 1676. 
 
COTTON. 
 
 139 
 
 In this progressive age it soudcIs strange to hear that the introduction of these 
 factories into that country met with tierce opx)osition, and that the most stringent 
 prohibitory laws were passed on the subject. 
 
 The tirst regular exportation of cotton from this country was in 1785, and the 
 exports of the first six years aggregated 1,440 bags weighing about 210,150 pounds. 
 To Louisiana belongs the honor of the introduction of the first cotton gin. In 1742, 
 M. Dubreuil, an enterprising planter of this State, invented a cotton gin for 
 separating the fibre from the seed, which had previously been done by hand, and 
 was, of course, a very tedious task. The roller gin was introduced a few years 
 later, and in 1793 Eli Whitney invented the saw gin. 
 
 The first manufacture of cotton goods in this country was in Philadelphia in 
 1775. 
 
 The ravages of the cotton worm were first noticed in 1800, and have been a 
 serious draw back to the culture of this plant ever since. 
 
 We are indebted to Henry G. Hester, Esq., the able and efficient Secretary of 
 the New Orleans Cotton Exchange, for many courtesies, and valuable assistance 
 in our work. 
 
 Among the many able and enterprising gentlemen connected with this branch 
 of the commerce of our city none are more prominent than 
 
 JOHN CHAFFE, 
 
 who was born in Devonshire, England, on the 30th of April, 1815. His father, whose 
 name he bears, was one of the leading business men of his native place, and Mr. 
 Chafte's first commercial experience was gained in the service of his father. 
 
 On the 16th of June, 1836, he left a happy home for America, and arrived in 
 New York on the 6th of August, bringing with him letters of introduction to 
 several leading merchants in that city, and a letter of credit from his father op 
 
140 NEW ORLE AN tS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 the Bank of America for £100, The latter he never used, but returned it to his 
 father in the following December. Through the influence of his introductions he 
 was emi)loyed by Joseph Lovell, of Korristown, New Jersey, who was engaged in 
 the grocery business in New Orleans, by which he had made a handsome fortune. 
 Spending his summers North and his winters South, he left Mr. Chafle with his 
 family, and in full charge of his business interests, while away. His success in 
 New Orleans led Mr. Chaffe, in 1839, to remove to this city. On his arrival he 
 entered the service of Messrs. Van Eensalear & Co., successors to Joseph Lovell. 
 At the end of about two years, both partners died within a short time of each 
 other, leaving the firm without a legal representative, when the creditors placed 
 Mr. Chaife in charge of all the assets and stock, with full authority to wind up the 
 business to the best advantage, showing their faith in his ability and integrity by 
 not requiring any bond or security for the faithful discharge of his duty. His 
 action and devotion to this trust, so satisfactorily executed, made Mr. Chafle many 
 friends among the business men of this city, and established his tact, honesty of 
 purpose, energy and ability, which gave him that high credit, which he has strictly 
 appreciated, guarded and eujoyed ever since. 
 
 In April, 1843, Mr. Chafle commenced business on his own account in Minden, 
 La., placing an agent in charge at that place, while he remained in New Orleans, 
 operating as his judgment dictated, aiitl resulting very successfully, so that in 
 June, 1844 — uniform economy being always his motto — his financial strength had 
 grown from less than $1000, when he arrivetl in New Orleans, 1839, to enough to 
 operate his own business and have money to lend. 
 
 In November, 1844, Mr. Chafle married Miss Penelope A. Hamilton, daughter 
 of Major William Hamilton, of Milledgeville, Georgia. In the same year he settled 
 in Minden. 
 
 In 1865, Mr. Chafle started the Cotton Factorage house of John Chafle & 
 Brother in this city, and took up his residence here in ls(i(i. After a time Mr. 
 Chafle took one of his sous into the business, when the style be ame John Cliafl'e, 
 Brother & Son, and, upon the retirement of his brother, Charley Chafle, John 
 Chafle & Sons, Mr. Chafle associating with him his two oldest sons, William H. 
 and Christopher Chafle. From its commencement this house has been (jue of the 
 leading houses connected with the cotton uiterests of our city, and enjoys through- 
 out the country a high reputation for strengtii, promptness and the equity of its 
 dealings. 
 
 Mr. Chafle w^as oue of the founders of the New Orleans Cotton Exchange, as also 
 of the Factors' and Traders' Insurance Com])any, of which staunch concern he is now 
 Vice-President, and has been a member of its finance committee from its forma- 
 tion. He was one of the committee who framed the Constitution and By-Laws of 
 our National Cotton Exchange, and was a member of the State Constitutional 
 Convention which opened here on the 21st of April, 1879. In every position he 
 has commamled the respect and esteem of his associates and fellow-citizens. 
 
 Mr. Chafle lias passed through thirty-five years' business with honor and credit, 
 having paid in full all liabilities as they matured, except those which, by reason 
 of the war, could not be reached, but these were all paid cent for cent in October, 
 1805, it being his first work to go in per.-on and i)ay all, uotAvithstanding he had 
 paid a large part of it previously to the Confederate Government during the war. 
 Those w^lio see Mr. Chafle hale, hearty and active, i)ursiiing his" daily duties, 
 attending to the business of his firm in all its details, will pronounce him now, in 
 the prime of life, an exemplary citizen, a successful merchant, a christian gentle- 
 man at home or abroad, a man from wliose long and instructive career our younger 
 men may learn a useful lesson. 
 
 JULIUS WEIS. 
 
 This gentleman, now so widely known and highly esteemed, was born in 
 Bavaria, Germany, near the bank of the famed Khine, in the year 1820. He came to 
 the IJnited States when only eighteen years of age and remained for a short time in 
 
COTTON. 
 
 141 
 
 Natchez, Miss. He then removed to Fayette, Jefferson Co., Miss., where he was 
 in business from 1.S45 to 1857. In the latter year lie returned to Natchez and then 
 became a partner in the well known, ante-bellum Iiouse, of Meyer, Dentsch & Weis, 
 which continued until tho breaking out of hostilities between the North and South. 
 During- the war Mr. Weis remained in the Confederacy, and at its close returned 
 to Natchez. 
 
 In 1861, Mr. Weis was married to Miss Carolina Mayer, of Natchez, and soon 
 after removed to New Orleans, when he embarked in the wholesale dry goods busi- 
 ness, with his present partners, the firm being as now, Meyer, Weis »& Co. In 
 October, 1868, the firm disposed of their dry goods trade, and consolidated with 
 its cotton factorage business, whi(;h had for some years i)revious been established 
 and conducted by his ])artner Mr. Victor Meyer. 
 
 Throughout all of his commercial career, although sliaring the misfortunes 
 incident to wai-, panics and other troubles, Mr. Weis has maintained an unblem- 
 
 ished credit, meeting every obligation, without extensions or favors. The firm of 
 which he is a member has increased its business year by year, and for the past 
 four seasons, has handled as ntueh, if not more, of the great staple, than any other 
 house in the South. In business, Mr. W(m"s is (clearheaded, i)rompt, energetic and 
 far-seeing. His dealings are always marked by courtesy and thorough integrity. 
 He has established and well maintains a re])utation which is the pride of a true 
 merchant — quick and correct in his views, just in all transactions, courteous to the 
 successful, respectful and lenient to the unfortunate. , 
 
 The high esteem in which he is held, has been well demonstrated by the 
 many positions of honor to which he has been called. He was for several years 
 President of the Congregation of Temple Sinai, for six or seven years President of 
 the Hebrew Educational Society, and for many years he has been one of the most 
 useful and active Directors of the Jewish Widows' and Orphans' Home. To all of 
 
142 NHW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 these positions he has given his time and talents, laboring assiduously to increase the 
 influence and usefnlness of the noble institutions with which he has been connected. 
 
 Mr Weis is also a Director in the Sun Mutual Insurance Company. 
 
 Mr. Weis was the only son of his parents, who had also four daughters. When 
 fortune began to smile on the son in America, his first care was to provide for the 
 comfort of the loved ones in the old home near the banks of the Ehine. Three of 
 Mr. Weis's sisters came to this country ; the other still remains in Bavaria. 
 
 Mr. Weis has an elegant residence on Jackson street, in the Fourth District, 
 where, assisted by his accomplished wife, he dispenses the hospitalities of his 
 home, making it a centre of attraction to all who are so fortunate as to be entitled 
 to the entre within its charming limits. 
 
 Five sons and two daughters complete the family circle. 
 
 Now in the prime of life, Mr. Weis is surrounded by the comforts and luxuries 
 of life, won by his own sagacity, energy and integrity, with a promise of many 
 years of honor and usefulness before him. 
 
 NEW ORLEANS COTTON EXCHANGE. 
 
 It may be safely asserted that this institution has been one of the most suc- 
 cessful of its kind in the country. 
 
 Inaugurated for the purpose of combining the scattered elements of the cotton 
 trade, so as to be effective in the enforcement of such rules and regulations as 
 were necessary for the protection of all who dealt in the staple, it has, under the 
 wise and able administration of its ofticers, and with the hearty co-operation of all 
 in favor of justice and fair dealing, placed New Orleans as a cotton market ahead 
 of any city in the Union. 
 
 The New Orleans Cotton Exchange was inaugurated in February, 1871, with 
 a roll of lOO members, which, after dwindling down to about 80, increased, under 
 a system of daily ncAvs concerning the staple, such as had never before been gotten 
 up in this country, and the deve]oi)ment of its wise rules and regulations, to up- 
 wards of 300. 
 
 The success of this institution is one of the many legitimate results of the rapid 
 advancement of the age in steam and telegraphy, which have completely eradicated 
 old ideas and overturned by-gone customs, rendering absolutely necessary a fund of 
 daily information which ai few years back was not even dreamed of. 
 
 More than •foO,000 per annum is expended by the Cotton Exchange in obtain- 
 ing and arranging niforiuation relative to the rauiitications of the great staple 
 and its collaterals, gold and exchange, throughout the world. 
 
 Daily telegrams are posted on its boards, giving the number of bales received, 
 shipped or sold, and liucjtuations in vahie, embracing every point of moment from 
 Indianola to Mobile on the Gulf, and thence along the Atlautic Ocean to Boston. 
 Its correspondents are at every point in the cotton belt, and the cotton movements 
 of Great Britain, France, the Continent, and even as far east as India, are made 
 as familiar to the humblest member as the local movement at New Orleans. 
 
 The great principle of co-operation is here forcibly illustrated. Three hun- 
 dred merchants combine and, by payment of $100 each, have individually the benefit 
 of 130,000 worth of information — so systematized that the slightest change in the 
 great markets of the world, either in favor of or against their interests in the staple, 
 is flashed to them with lightning speed, but a few moments intervening between its 
 occurrence and their receipt of the information. 
 
 G. W. SENTELL. 
 
 The subject of this brief sketch, so long and favorably known in connection 
 with the business interest of New Orleans, is a native of Walton County, Georgia. 
 
144 
 
 NUW ORLEANti ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Wheu still a child his family, iu 1830, moved to Marshal County, Miss., in the 
 neighborhood of Holly Springs, where he resided for ten years. 
 
 In 1817 he came to this State and settled in Bos.sier Parish, where, in 1819, he 
 formed a merchandizing copartnership with Mr. J. B. (lilmer. 
 
 In 1851, moved to ( 'ollinsburg, where he remained until 1800, wheu, at the 
 urgent request of many friends he sought a wider field for the operation of his 
 enterprises, by locating himself in New Orleans. 
 
 In the JSTovember of the same year he associated himself in the commission busi- 
 ness, with Mr. Pother, fonnding the well known house of Seutell & Pother. 
 
 When the war came, necessitating a total or partial suspension of business 
 pursuits with hnudreds of our forenn)st merchants, Mr. Seutell left the city and 
 became a resident of the northern part of Louisiana. 
 
 In 1805 he returned to his chosen home, and resumed business with his former 
 partner, keeping the old firm name, Avhich so remained till July, 1809, when Mr. 
 B. Conyers was associated with the house and the name of the firm changed to 
 G. W. Seutell & Co. 
 
 Mr. Conyers retired 1st of July, 1871, but the firm name remains the same, 
 Mr. N. W. Sentell being the " Company." 
 
 Mr. Sentell was married December 157th, 1853, to Miss Mildred Dickson, of 
 Bossier Parish, Louisiana, and has been exceptionally ha^jpy in his domestic 
 relations. 
 
 As a citizen he is enterprising and liberal, public and private enterprises for 
 the general good, all meet with his hearty support and substantial assistance, 
 whilst his private and social character is that of a true friend and benefactor, an 
 upright and honorable man. 
 
COTTON. 145 
 
 CYRUS BUSSEY. 
 
 This geutlemaii, whose energy, business ca-])acity, liberal views and public, 
 spirit, have given him a position in the front rank amongst the business men of 
 I^ew Orleans, was born in Trumbull County, Ohio, October 5th, 1833. His father 
 was a Methodist minister. A few months of each year at the ordinary schools of 
 the towns where his father was stationed, and, when tAvelve years of age, six 
 months at a well regulated seminary in Columbus, Indiana, comprised his school 
 career, but he is self cultivated, possessing a mind well disciplined by thorough 
 and persistent study, a man of extensive general information, good literary acquire- 
 ments, a fine public speaker, and a writer of easy and graceful style. 
 
 At thirteen he entered a dry goods store as clerk, where he remained about 
 six months, Avhen he was offered another situation at Dupont, Jefferson County, 
 Indiana, which he at once accepted. Here he worked for one or two years, per- 
 forming his duties so well, and giving such e\'1den(;es of superior business aj^titude, 
 that he was encouraged to commence business on his own account, which he did, 
 although then only sixteen years old. 
 
 In 1855, Mr. Bussey having married Miss Ellen, daughter of Dr. W. P. Kiser, 
 of Rockford, Indiana, removed to Bloomfleld, Davis County, Iowa, where he estab- 
 lished himself, and here the beginning of the war found him a successful and 
 thriving merchant. 
 
 Up to this time he had been an earnest and efticient Democrat. In 1858 he 
 was elected to the State Senate, in which body he ranked as a leader of his i^arty. 
 In 1860 he was a delegate to the Charleston Convention, which, re-assembling at 
 Baltimore in June, nominated Stephen A. Douglas for President, and this ticket 
 Mr. Bussey suj)ported with all the zeal, energy and eloquence of youth. 
 
 The war having been opened, Mr. Bussey took an active part on the Union 
 side, and was commissioned by Governor Kirkwood as aid-de-camp on his staff, 
 with the rank of Lieutenant Colonel, and assigned to the control of the militia of 
 the southeast part of the State. His ability as a leader and commander attracted 
 the notice of the Secretary of War, and on the 10th of August, 1861, he was com- 
 missioned by the U. S. Oovernment, Colonel of the Third Iowa Cavalry, and on 
 the 20th of the same month, only ten days later, had his regiment in rendezvous 
 ready for service. His command was incorporated with the Army of the South- 
 west, and Colonel Bussey himself was assigned to the command of a brigade of 
 cavalry. 
 
 He participated in the marches and engagements of this division of the Union 
 army, distinguishing himself in the battle of Pea Ridge, Arkansas, March 6th, 7th 
 and 8th, 1862 ; was Chief of Cavalry at Vicksburg, rendering valuable services 
 wherever he went. 
 
 January 5th, 1861, he was connnissioned Brigadier General U. S. V., for 
 " special gallantry," and was assigned to the command of a division at Little Rock. 
 In the winter of 1861 he was given a con)mand einbraxjing western Arkansas and 
 the Indian Territory, and the 3d Division of the 7th Army Corps, numberiug about 
 ten thousand men, stationed at the military posts of Fort Smith, Fort Gibson, Van 
 Buren and Fayetteville, and this over the heads of ten generals his seniors in rank. 
 At this time corruption and disrider were prevalent in that district, and General 
 Bussey's appointment was made with the view of restoring order and disci])line, 
 and breaking up the rings of speculators — a compliment to his integrity as a man, 
 and administrative abilities as an officer. 
 
 In this responsible and trying position. General Bussey accomplished all that 
 was expected of him. Illicit and contraband trade was liroken up, order restored 
 in the army, and the people were encouraged to rebuild their fences and again 
 cultivate their fields. His affability of manner, his kindness, firmness and recti- 
 tude of charactei', impressed all who came in contact with him, gained a marked 
 influence over citizens and soldiers, and secured him the confidence and good- will 
 of all. 
 
 General Bussey was appointed Major General, by brevet, March 13th, 1865, 
 
 19 
 
14G 
 
 NJEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 and remained in couimaud of his district until 1st October of that year, when, the 
 war being ended, he was mustered oat of service. 
 
 He returned to his home in Iowa, but his health being impaired, he was 
 advised to seek a milder climate. He settled in St. Louis, Mo., in December, 
 1865, and embarked in the commission business with branch houses engaged in 
 general merchandise at Little Eock and Fort Smith, Arkansas. A few months 
 sufticed to build up a large trade. In order to extend his business, and engage in 
 the cotton trade, he came to New Orleans in July, 18()G, and entered into active 
 business bere. 
 
 With that force of character and directness of purpose which has always 
 marked his life, he at once identified himself with the interest of the city and sec- 
 tion of his adoption. For twelve years he has conducted the business of his firm, 
 and controlled the aifairs of his branch houses, including that at St. Louis, with 
 extraordinary success. 
 
 Gen. Bussey has contributed as much, and probably more, than any other 
 man, to the improvement of the mouth of the river. 
 
 V^yu/y ^at^^r^ ^(^^yt^ y^&^Ou^ey 
 
 In May, 1869, as chairman of a committee from the Chamber of Commerce, he 
 called a commercial convention to " consider the promptest and most efficient 
 means of removing the obstruction at the mouth of the Mississippi river," &c. In 
 the same month he was present at a similar convention, largely attended, at 
 Memphis, and in a forcible speech, urged the convention to adjourn to meet the 
 Xew Orleans convention, which was done. Several hundred delegates met in New 
 Orleans and memorialized Congress to appropriate the money necessary to secure 
 deep water at the mouth of the river. 
 
 Congress failed to act, and year after year the trade of New Orleans was being- 
 diverted, until it seriously threatened to cease entirely, except the cotton trade, 
 which was oppressed by enormous freight and towing charges, which cost the 
 producers large sums every year. 
 
 In 1873 a convention of 200 members of the Senate and House of Representa- 
 tives, and Governors of States, was called to meet in St. Louis with a view of visit- 
 
COTTOK 147 
 
 ing Texas and the Indian country. Here was an opportunity of urging our claim 
 for river improvement, if we could induce the congressional representatives to 
 extend their trip to New Orleans. Gen. Bussey was appointed with others to go 
 to St. Louis, and, if possible, bring the convention to New Orleans. His speech 
 extending the invitation was pronounced the most effective argument that 
 had been made, and " did more to open the mouth of the Mississippi river than 
 anything that had yet been done." He accompanied the delegation to Galveston, 
 and with the steamer Josephine placed at the disposal of the committee, brought 
 the delegation to New Orleans ; chartered the steamer Belle Lee, and took them to 
 Southwest Pass, where several vessels were laying ou the bar. After the inspec- 
 tion was complete a meeting was organized in the cabin of the boat, and the 
 various delegations called by States. The responses all pledged, that apx>ropria- 
 tions should be made to open the mouth of the river to the commerce of the world 
 at any cost. The result is known to the country. The jetties are a success, the 
 trade of New Orleans is steadily growing, and the saving of freight on the com- 
 merce passing through the jetties amounts to more than $3,000,000 annually. 
 
 Gen. Bussey has been identified with every i)ublic measure inaugurated to 
 develope the commerce of New Orleans, imi>rove the na^^gation of the rivers, 
 extend our railroads or rebuild the levees. As President of the Chamber of Com- 
 merce, which position he has held by the successive unanimous election of its 
 members for four years, he has been active in every good work. 
 
 On the -J5th of July, 1877, he went as a delegate to a postal convention which 
 assembled at Fortress Monroe, Va., and which was attended by over 300 delegates 
 re[)resentiug all the Southern States. 
 
 He was elected president of the convention, and, at the close of the session, 
 was appointed one of a committee to present the memorial of the convention to 
 Congress. He performed this duty on the 24th of January, in an able argument, 
 which was published in pamjihlet form and extensively circulated, and read bj^ all 
 persons interested in South American trade. Gen. Bussey spent several months 
 in Washington, during the two last sessions of Congress, as an accredited represen- 
 tative of the Chamber of Commerce and Cotton Exchange, urging upon Congress 
 the extension of American commerce with Brazil and other South American countries, 
 the protection of the sugar interests of Louisiana, the levee and river improve- 
 ments. 
 
 By invitation, he appeared before the congressional committee apointed to 
 inquire into the " causes for the dei)ression of labor," and made a very able and 
 elaborate argument, in which he discussed all the (piestions. In October of 1878, 
 by invitation of prominent citizens of Chicago, General Bussey visited that city, 
 and delivered an address on American Commerce, which attracted much notice 
 throughout the country. 
 
 During the summer of 187r., when the yellow fever was raging in New Orleans 
 and other Southern cities, General Bussey went to New York, and attended the 
 first meeting called in that city to aid the yellow fever sufferers. His appeal in 
 their behalf was extensively published, and did much to inspire confidence in the 
 Howard and other associations organized for the relief of the sick. He also 
 addressed the Masonic bodies of New York, in the Grand Lodge Hall, on the same 
 subject, and later, visited and addressed the relief committees of Philadelphia, 
 Chicago and St. Louis. He was one of the signers of the a])]ieal asking $1,000,000, 
 which was published everywhere, and responded to witli more than the full 
 amount. 
 
 When the Auxiliary Sanitary Association Avas organized. General Bussey 
 took an active part, and was made chairman of the executive committee. In May, 
 1879, he attended the meeting of the S mitary Council of the Mississippi Valley, 
 which met in Memphis, and was elected temporary President, and rendered 
 efficient service in behalf of the people of New Orleans. His address before the 
 Council did much to inspire confidence in the good health and improved sani- 
 tary condition of New Orleans. Indeed in all things, and in every respect. General 
 Bussey has been an interested, devoted and true friend to our city and people. 
 
148 
 
 iOJW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
COTTON. 149 
 
 We present to our readers a handsome view of the 
 
 Row opposite the Cotton Exchange, 
 
 one of the finest in our city. Here are the offices of some of our most worthy and 
 influential Cotton Factors. Amongst these, none deserve more honor tlian 
 
 JOHN PHELPS & CO., 
 
 No. 192 Gravier street. This house receives the great staple from all sections of 
 the cotton belt, and their careful attention to the interests of their correspondents, 
 their known ability in commercial matters, and their prompt and honorable deal- 
 ings, have made them popular with both shippers and buyers. Mr. John Phelps 
 was formerly President of the Cotton Exchange, and is one of its most useful and 
 influential members. 
 
 In the same row, will be found 
 
 WELSHANS & WOODS, 
 
 No. 188 Gravier street, who are agents for some of the staunchest and most equit- 
 ably managed marine, fire and river insurance companies in the country. Their 
 arrangements are such that they can at any moment ])la<'e risks, however large, 
 in safe and reliable companies, and at the lowest jiossible rates. 
 
 COTTON PRESSES. 
 
 The immense amount of cotton annually received and shipped at our port, 
 gives to the cotton press interest an importance second to none iu the city. It is 
 estimated that the cotton press ])ro])iietors of our city represent fully seven mil- 
 lions of dollars worth of property. Tlie presses are all well and substantially built, 
 supplied with the latest aud most approved machinery, and operated by steam. 
 
 The first cotton press ever used iu this city was started about the year 1800, 
 by James Freret, father of that universally esteemed citizen, the late James P. 
 Freret. It was located on Eoyal street, and was worked by hand power. 
 
 Mr. John Adams Paxton, in bis directory i)ublished in 1823, speaks of the 
 extensive fire proof cotton presses of Mr. V. Rillieux, erected in 1806, which were 
 located at the corner of Tchoupitoulas and I*oydras street, having fronts on both 
 streets and on Magazine. 
 
 To Mr. Rillieux belongs the honor of having put down the first street pave- 
 ment ever laid in this city, he having, for the convenience of his business, paved 
 " with pebble stones" the streets in front of his ])resses. In former years there 
 was a cotton press on Carondelet street, between TTnion and Perdido, in the heart 
 of what is now the cotton market, the offices of the principal cotton factors and 
 brokers being in that neighborhood. 
 
 JACOB C. VAN WICKLE. 
 
 This gentleman affords a bright example of what may be accomplished by 
 patient industry, intelligent administration and conscientious adherence to the 
 line of duty. 
 
 Mr. Van Wickle was born in Middlesex County, New Jersey, on the 20th of 
 0<;tobcr, 1805, and came to Louisiana when only twenty-two years of age. lie 
 
150 
 
 NUW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 settled in the parish of Point Coupee in December, 1827. Young, energetic and 
 remarkably close in his attention to business, he soon won the confidence and 
 esteem of the people amongst whom he had cast his fortunes, and received the ap- 
 pointment ofdei>ut.y sheriff of the parish, a position which he filled to the satisfac- 
 tion of his constituents, from 1828 to 18.")3. He was then appointed sheritf by Gov. 
 White aud subsequently rea])pointed l)y Gov. Roman, filling this office from 1833 
 to 1812. In 1815 Mr. Van Wicklo was elected to the House of Representatives of 
 Louisiaua, where he served with zeal and fidelity. 
 
 His political affiliations have always been with the Avhig party, of which he 
 was a consistant and devoted member, without however allowing his judgment or 
 sense of duty to be warped by party interests. As a politician he has always been 
 known as liberal, honorable and just. 
 
 
 By careful management and close attention to business, Mr. Van Wickle 
 accumulated sufficient capital to i)urchase a sugar plantation in 1810, and from 
 that date until 1859 he was engaged in the cultivation of sugar cane. In this he 
 was eminently successful, and soon became a rich man. He surrounded his home 
 with all the comforts and luxuries of life ; the cultivated and refined tastes of his 
 family made his mansion the favorite resort of the best people of his parish, and he 
 dispensed the hospitalities of his liome with a princely liberality. W^ith a kind 
 word for every one. always ready to give substantial aid to those in distress, he 
 was m every walk of life an exemplary man. 
 
 In 183r. Mr. Van Wickle married Miss Elezar Ledoux, the daughter of Mr. 
 Valerien Ledoux, one of the most successful and respected planters in the State, 
 and becanuA the father of two daughters. The elder daughter, Julia, died at the 
 age of thiiteen years, Avhilst at school at Nazareth, Ky. The younger. Miss 
 Amanda, a lady of great intelligence, refinement and beauty, married Mr. Ogden 
 
COTTON. 151 
 
 K. Dunniug-, of the house of McSteii, Yakie & Co., of this city, aud after three 
 years of hapi)y married life, became a widow, by the <leath of her husband. 
 
 In 1841 Mrs. Van Wiclvle died, and Mr. Van Wickle married the widow 
 Dayries, also a member of the Ledoux family, a most excellent and charming 
 lady. 
 
 This estimable lady, whose exemplary christian life made her the idol of a 
 happy home, and the cherished friend of all who were so fortunate as to enjoy her 
 acquaintance, died recently, leaving to her family, as a rich inheritance!, the 
 memory of her many noble virtues. 
 
 Mr. Van Wickle, in common with a majority of the planters of the South, 
 suffered severely by the ravages of the war, and at its close, finding planting sur- 
 rounded by many difficulties, sold his plantation and removed to New Orleans, 
 where he has since resided. 
 
 In 1808 his name was prominently before the Democratic convention for 
 mayor ; he was defeated by two votes only. Subseciueutly his friends advocated 
 his election by the legislature to the position of United States Senator, but his 
 name was withdrawn when it was found that the Republicans were strong enough 
 to elect Hon. W. P. Kellogg. 
 
 Governor Warmoth appointed him, in 18()9, to represent the Second Levee 
 District on the Board of Public Works, a position for which his long experience 
 eminently qualified him. During his administration, and under his supervision, 
 Grand Levee, the largest in the State, was built. Through his energy and perse- 
 verance other levees were constructed, and a large area of land rescued from over- 
 flow. To these works he can point with pride and satisfaction ; in fact we can say, 
 that in every official position that Mr. Van Wickle has filled, from 1828 to the 
 present time, he has discharged his duties with unfailing energy, integrity and 
 intelligence, receiving and meriting the approbation of his fellow-citizens. For 
 over twenty-five years Mr. Van Wickle has been lessee of Woods' Cotton Press, 
 one of the largest institutions of the kind in the city, which, under his manage- 
 ment, has averaged per annum seventy-five thousand bales of cotton compressed 
 for shipment to New York and Liverpool. The press is the property of his sister, 
 Mrs. Woods. 
 
 Besides being a real estate owner in this city, Mr. Van Wickle owns the old 
 homestead " Old Bridge," New Jersey, where he was born, where for many years 
 past he has spent his summers in quiet retirement. 
 
 R. W. RAYNE. 
 
 For over a third of a century the late Kobert W. Rayne was a leading 
 merchant in New Orleans. He was a man whose sterling integrity, high moral 
 and religious character, and quiet dignity of bearing, w on for him the respect and 
 high esteem of every class of his fellow-citizens. 
 
 His successful lite, in which the smiles of fortune and the clouds of adversity 
 were blended, affords a lesson, a bright example to the youth of our country, 
 seeking commercial eminence, tor through patient industry, careful economy and 
 rare mercantile abilities, he overcame all obstacles, and amassed two fortunes. 
 
 In 1842 Mr. Rayne associated himself in the shoe business with Mr. Keen, and 
 for three years the firm. Keen & Rayne, was successful and flourishing. At the end 
 of that time Mr. Keen retired, to form, with Mr. C. C. Sampson, a new partnership, 
 Sampson & Keen, dealers in furniture, a firm w^hich was eminently successful for 
 over twenty-five years. 
 
 Mr. Rayne united himself with Mr. Taylor and continued the shoe business till 
 1850, the firm being Taylor & Rayne, when Mr. Rayne, who had acquired consider- 
 able property, sold his interest to Mr. Taylor. The business was continued under 
 the title of David Taylor &, Co., Mr. Rayne remaining in charge as manager. The 
 
152 
 
 NHW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 firm soon after removed to a large and convenient store, No. 41 Magazine street, 
 and, owing chieflj' to Mr. Kayne's courteous, prompt and just manner of transacting 
 affairs, no bouse south of J^oston did a larger business. Goods were sold through- 
 out the entire Southern country and Mexico, and Mr. Rayne's name was as familiar 
 to the merchants of Nashville, Paducah and all the other centers of trade as it was 
 in New Orleans. 
 
 During the war Mr. Rayne shared the too disastrous fortune of most of our 
 the business men of the day, and at close of hostilities, had to commence the world 
 anew. 
 
 After some time spent in dealing in cotton he engaged in the sale of cotton 
 ties, in the manufacture of which his son-in-law, Mr. McComb, was extensively 
 engaged. 
 
 Into this business Mr. Rayne brought the tact, energy and perseverance, that 
 had made him successful years before in the shoe trade. He traveled with his 
 samples from city to city, tinding, everywhere lie went, old friends and customers. 
 
 who, knowing that his recommendation was unquestionable guarantee for any 
 merchandise he would sell, aided him in introducing his new goods. The great 
 success and wide popularity of the " Arrow Tie " are known wherever cotton is 
 handled, and are undoubtedlj^ largely due to Mr. Rayne's personal exertions and 
 the influence his high integrity gave hiui. 
 
 Through a severe nervous shock in the death of his daughter, Mrs. McComb, 
 to whom he was devotedly attached, Mr. Rayne's eyesight sustained such injury 
 that no human skill couhl control, for though otherwise in perfect health, that 
 precious gift gradually failed until not one ray was left. This trying affliction Mr. 
 Rayne sustained as he had done many others, Avith christian fortitude and resigna- 
 tion. Charitable, kind and benevolent, surrounded by a loving and lovable family, 
 he enjoyed while yet on earth, the fruits of a life well spent. His good works here, 
 performed without ostentation or display, were knowoi to few excepting those 
 benefitted by them. 
 
COTTON. 15a 
 
 That beautiful editice, the St. Charles Avenue Church, M. E. South, (jornei- of 
 St Charles Avenue and General Taylor street, was erected through his iiillueiue 
 and almost entirely at his exi)ense. It was planned by Mr. Rayne, and all nuitters 
 relating to its building management were largely controlled by his indnence. 
 
 In every movement for the advancement of our city, and the development of 
 her trade, Mr. Rayne took a deep and active interest. 
 
 The writer of this article, in conversation with him a few weeks previous to 
 his death, learned that the Louisiana Western Rail Road, now being constructed 
 by his sou in-law, Mr. J. J. McComb. was a long cherished idea with Mr, Rayne 
 and one in which he had rendered valuable assistance. This road will fill the gap 
 between the Morgan and the Orange Roads, and give our city an all rail communi- 
 cation with Houston, Texas. 
 
 On Monday, July 7th, 1879, while at his seashore residence, at Ocean Springs, 
 Mr. Rayne quietly passed away from the earthly walks so long illuminated by his 
 many christian virtues. His remains were brought to our city for interment, and 
 were followed to their last resting place by a large number of those who had 
 enjoyed his acquaintance, all of whom felt that a sterling friend, a loving husband, 
 a kind tatber, a worthy citizen, had rested from his labors. 
 
 THE TRIUMPH COTTON TIE. 
 
 On no other subject has the inventive genius of man found a wider scope than 
 in tbat which relates to the banding and tieing of cotton bales. 
 
 For so long a time in the i^ast, that the " memory of man runneth not to the 
 contrary," new inventions have been announced, which promised to meet all the 
 requirements of the case. 
 
 The proprietors of the Triumph Tie, after years of experiments, backed by the 
 practical experience of some of the largest planters in the South, present to planters 
 in this tie the means of bringing to market a sound, good bale of cotton, with the 
 bauds whole and in order, saving both the quality and weight of the cotton, and 
 present to the factor a clean, regular bale of equal size, easily handled and in good 
 order. 
 
 The buckle of the Triumph Tie has peculiar and distinct advantages, as at the 
 plantation press, by one motion only, all the slack is taken out of the bauds. It 
 is of one piece only, and is so plain and simple that the most ignorant and awk- 
 ward field hand can be taught its use in a moment. 
 
 All that is required in its use, is to [)lace the buckle in front of the bale, pass 
 the band up on top of the bale, and around the bale, then pass the end through 
 the buckle, which retains its hold upon the band at the exact point required, and 
 when the bale is taken from the press the buckle revolves, holding the bands as 
 exactly as drawn. 
 
 One trial of the Triumph Cotton Tie will convince i)lanters that it is exactly 
 what is wanted. Samples can be seen at the office of the company, jSTo. 47 Caron- 
 delet street, and all information required will be cheerfully given to those wlio 
 apply in person or by letter. 
 
 The Triumph Cotton Tie is companion to the 
 
 TRIUMPH BAND PULLER AND BUCKLER, 
 
 a recent invention of Mr. F. M. Logue, of Vicksburg, Miss., which has been 
 thoroughly tested over and over again in this city, with so much success that it 
 has been adopted by eighteen of our largest cotton presses, among them the fol- 
 lowing : 
 
 20 
 
154 NUW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 OoiJimeicial — Siiiitli «S: Goldsmith; Levee Steam — J. 0. Denis, President; 
 Louisiana (two) — Edward E.. Bryant ; Slii])pers' — Samuel Boyd & Co.; Fire Proot^ — 
 Jolin P.Moore; Alabama — Sawyer Hay ward; Factors' — Sawyer Hayward ; Vir- 
 ginia — Lewis & Lynd ; Jackson — O'Brien & Co.; Union — A. P. Mason ; Natchez — 
 Levy & Meyer; Planters — Herndon «1^ Kiimibharr; Cooper — S. C. Coulon; At- 
 lantic — M. J. Zunts & Co.; Penii — J. P. Parker & Co. Also several compresses at 
 Vi<-ksbui'g', Mobile, Memphis and other cities. 
 
 The object of this machine is to retain the bale in the smallest dimensions 
 possible to the comi>ress, and all who have seen it in operation are of the oj)inion 
 that the anticipations of the inventor have been fully reahzed. 
 
 The Triumi)ii turns out a perfect bale, with great rai)idity, without regard to 
 size, weight or shaj)e of the origiual bale, making a reduction of twenty-live per 
 cent, in storage, and proves, as well, an economy to the compress. We will give a 
 minute description of the different parts forming this ingenious invention : 
 
 The motor of the " Band Puller " is a double-acting inverted steam cylinder, 
 12 inches bore and 10 inches stroke, secured directly to the main beam of the com- 
 press engine. The piston of this cylinder carries two rods which are attached to 
 a cross head, and are adjustable in the direction of their length. Movement of the 
 piston gives coincident vertical movement to the cross head. 
 
 Immediately under or below the cross head a wrought iron horizontal beam 
 spans the entire channel ways of the compress; secured to this beam are two 
 upright rods which are fastened to the cross head, these rods being capable of 
 adjustment in the direction of their length, so as to adjust the horizontal beam 
 within certain vertical limits. Tliis beam is guided in its movement by guide-rods 
 secured to the compress. Attached to this beam by means of brackets, and one 
 continuous pin or bolt, is a series of buckle holders, which are pivoted on the pin, 
 and are movable to and from the bale of cotton. The number of these buckle 
 holders is uniform with the number of channel ways in the platens of the com- 
 press. Movement of the steam piston gives a like unilbrm movement to the 
 buckle holder beaui, which is always in a vertical [)lane. On a line with the hori- 
 zontal centre of the steam cylinder, and oue on each side of the cylinder, is pivoted 
 an oscillating beam, the pivots being secured to the main beam of the comj)ress 
 engine. The ends of these oscillating beams next to the steam cylinder are con- 
 nected by means of adjustable connecting rods with fork joints and pins to the 
 oi>posite ends of the cross head. The ends of the oscillating beams most remote 
 from the steam cylinder are connected by means of adjustable connecting rods 
 with fork joints and pins to another horizontal wrought iron beam spanning the 
 press front, supported at the ends by guide-rods, similar to those supporting the 
 buckle holder beam. The movement of this outer beam is in a vertical plane, but 
 in an opposite direction to that of the buckle holder beam, a downward movement 
 of one causing an upward movement of the other. 
 
 Secured to this outer beam is a series of gripper-, uniform in number with 
 the buckle holders, the gripi>ers standing immediately in front of the buckle 
 holders and moving in the same vertical i^lane. 
 
 This movement of the buciile holder beam is alwaj^s coincident with that of the 
 steam piston, but the movement of the outer or gripj)er beam relative to that of 
 the buckle holder beam, is dependent upon' the relative distances of then- connect 
 ing rods from the fulcrum or pivot of the oscillating beam, and can be altered at 
 will, provision being made for this purpose on the oscillating beams. Steam is 
 admitted to and exhausted from either end of the cylinder alternately, by means 
 of a balanced piston valve under easy and perfect control of the operator. 
 
 The great and principal feature of this invention is its superiority over the 
 old mode of pulling bauds by hand. There is, as we are all aware, a vast difference 
 between mechanical and ijhysical strength, and viewing the difference manifest in 
 the appearance of a bale i^ressed with the assistance of the Triumph Puller and 
 oue by hand, we were forcibly stiuck with an idea of the immensity of good 
 derived from the apx)liauce of the Puller. Another great feature is that the 
 machine does away with all slacking after compressing caused by the rebound, and 
 turns out a bale unilbrm, compact and as hard as a rock. The compress used in 
 
COTTON, 155 
 
 the last experiment that we witnessed was one of the Goldinji- pattern, To-inch 
 cylinder, and at the time carrying one hundred and twenty pounds of steam. Tlie 
 operation of the machine is as follows: steam is admitted to the cylinder and the 
 beams brought to their proper relative position, the buckle holders being in a line 
 with the channel ways. The baud is secured to the Triumph Buckler in the 
 ordinary manner, the opposite end of the band is passed the channel way around 
 the bale through the bottom channel way, the free end being taken by the ojierator, 
 who has already placed the buckle in its position in the buckle holder. He then 
 passes the free end of the band through the buckle and gripper simultaneously 
 and after drawing all the hand slack out of the band, he touches a little trigger 
 which instantaneously fastens the grip on the band, holding it there with a force 
 more than equal to" the limit of the strength of the band. The entire number of 
 hands to a bale having been subjected to a similar operation, steam is admitted to 
 the upper end of the cylinder which forces the piston down, carries with it the 
 buckle holders and their buckles, while the gripper beam, moving it in an opposite 
 direction, carries through the buckle the free end of the band until all the slack in 
 the bands is simultaneously drawn out; a reverse movement of the piston reverses 
 the movement of the beams, and the strain being taken off the bands is thrown on 
 the buckle, which, holding the slack in its positive grip, immediately turns over, 
 carrying the band with it and locking it beyond danger of slip or breakage. The 
 whole operation is extremely simple and expeditious, occupying only a few seconds 
 of time. 
 
 The force applied to drawing slack out of the bands is equal to the steam pres- 
 sure, into the area of the piston on its top side (the piston rods being on the lower 
 side) divided by the number of bands used, less the friction of the engine and 
 parts, which is not beyond the average. 
 
 The great work will tend to revolutionize the compressing of cotton, prove a 
 vast beneiit to shipbrokers and owners and in the mode of handling the commodity. 
 The owners of this invention are energetic and enterprising gentlemen, who will 
 place the advantages of the Puller before the public. Mr. Lewis Johnston, one of 
 the most skilled machinists, has the manufacturing of this Puller. This gentleman, 
 who was present at the testing of the machine, was perfectly satisfied with the 
 success of his workmanship, and considers it perfectly competent to bear an 
 enormous strain. This invention turns out 60 to 70 bales an hour. The company 
 have up to date received orders for eighteen Pullers, and several have been aj^plied 
 to our city presses, as their proprietors perceive that this piece of me(;h;iiiism will 
 not only lessen the labor re<iuired to perform their work, but economize time, and, 
 in fact, fill a want long felt by the cotton country. 
 
 Bales of cotton must not only be compressed to their smallest possible size, 
 but they must be fastened and held there ; and in this impoitant work no device 
 yet developed can compare in efhciency with the Triumph Puller and Buck- 
 ler. Applied to cotton bales on the plantation, its buckle euables the steaiid)oat 
 or railroad to bring ten bales to market where five were only possible before; and 
 applied at the city compresses, it doubles the carrying capacity of ships. Mr, 
 Wm. P. Hunt, a wealthy and influential citizen of Boston, wlio has always taken 
 a deep interest in the development of the industries of our section, imjtressed with 
 the great facilities given to the handling and ship])ing of cotton by these inven- 
 tions, is president of the company, which, with large means and all recpiisite appli- 
 ances, is now prepared to till all orders promptly. 
 
 Col. Thomas H. Hunt, who has been for many years identified with the cotton 
 business of New Orleans, is manager of the company, flis long business experi- 
 ence, well known ability and uniform courtesy, eminently qualil'y him for this 
 responsible position. 
 
 Mr. J. J. Garrard, another of our old and highl^. esteemed citizens, is the 
 local agent. 
 
 The office of the company is at No. 47 Carondelet street, where all desired 
 information will be cheerfiilly^given. 
 
ilSl 
 
 ONLY the Medical, Law, and Agricultural Departments of the University have 
 been put in operation. The first was founded in 1834, under the title of 
 the Medical College of Louisiana; but in 1845, the success and fame of the College 
 induced the State Convention to establish, by the Constitution, a ITniversity in 
 New Orleans, and to constitute the Medical College as then organized the Medical 
 Department of the University. The founders of the College, who also constituted 
 its lirst faculty, were : 
 
 Dr. Thomas Hunt, Professor of Anatomy and Physiology ; Dr. John Harrison, 
 Adjunct — Demonstrations in Anatomy by — Dr. Chas. A. Luzenburg, Professor of 
 Surgery ; Dr. J. Munroe Mackie, Professor of Practice ; Dr. T. Ingalls, Professor 
 of Chemistry ; Dr. Aug. H. Cenas, Professor of Obstetrics ; Dr. E. Bathurst Smith, 
 Professor of Materia Medica. 
 
 Professor Hunt, the Dean, delivered the tirst introductory lecture in the pres- 
 ence of the friends of the undertaking and a few medical students. At the close 
 of the hrst session eleven students had matriculated, which was deemed a cause of 
 congratulation. During the hrst session. Dr. Harrison was unable, on account of 
 personal sickness, to perform his duties, and Dr. Warren Stone demonstrated 
 anatomy. Dr. E. H. Barton was substituted for Dr. Smith, who withdrew from the 
 iaculty before the session began. Of these nine gentlemen, not one is left. Dr. 
 t!enas, who was the latest survivor, having' died lately. 
 
 By means of appropriations made by the State from time to time,, the institu- 
 tion is furnished with all the appliances necessary for thorough courses of instruc- 
 tion in all the branches taught. Its Medical Museum contains the only complete 
 set, in this country, of wax models, from the Academy of Anatomy at FJorence, 
 and has been recently enri(;hed by valuable additions in comparative anatomy ami 
 American archaeology from the collections of Professor Joseph Jones, M.D. 
 
 The three buildings belonging to these departments occujiy the entire 
 fronton the south side of Common street, between Baronne and Dryades, and 
 iorm the handsomest group of public edifices in the city. 
 
 Tiie i)resent organization is as follows : 
 
 President of the University — Hon. Kandell Hunt, LL.D. 
 
 Administrators Ex-Oeficio — F. T. Nicholls, Governor of Louisiana; lion. 
 T. (). Manning, Chief Justice of Louisiana; Hon. Isaac W. Pattou, Mayor of the 
 city of New Orleans; Alfred Moulton, Thomas A. Adams, Hon. N. H. liigutor, W. 
 I*]. Seymour, 1). C. Labatt, John H. Kennard. 
 
 Medkae Faculty — T. G. Eichardson, M.I)., Dean of the Faculty; Ernest 
 S. Lewis, M.D., Professor of General aud Clini(jal Obstetrics and Diseases of 
 Women and Children ; T. G. Eichardson, M.D., Professor of General and Clinical 
 Surgery ; Samuel Logan, M.D., Professor of Anatomy and Clinical Surgeiy ; 
 Samuel M. Bemiss, M.D,, Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine and 
 Clinical Medicnie; Stanford E. Chaille, M.D., Professor of Phj^siology and Patho- 
 logical Anatomy ; John B. Elliot, M.D., Professor of Materia Medica, Therapeutics 
 and (Uinical Medicine; Joseph Jones, M.D., Professor of Chemistry; A. B. Miles, 
 MA)., Demonstrator of Anatomy ; Edward Harrison, M.D., Lecturer on Diseases 
 of the Eye. 
 
 Law Department — Carleton Hunt, Dean of the Faculty ; Hon. EandeU 
 Hunt, Professor of Constitutional Law, Commercial Law and the Law of Evidence; 
 Thomas J. Semmes, Professor of Civil Law ; Hon. Carleton Hunt, Professor of 
 Admiralty and International Law ; William Francis Mellen, Professor of Comnuui 
 Law and Equity Jurisprudence. 
 
PMYISICIAFIS. 
 
 DR, JOSEPH N. FOLWELL. 
 
 157 
 
 One of the most untoward drawbacks to biographical literature is, that the 
 persons who figure in it most prominently are, usually, those who are the least 
 worthy of laudatory notice. The world's real benefactox's, those whose deeds are 
 purest and most deserving of commendation have, as a rule, a peculiar repugnance 
 to letting the public know the secrets and aims of their lives, and shun the admir- 
 ation or observation of their fellow-men, as if it were an evil to be avoided. 
 
 To this retiring, but truly illustrious class of men, the subject of this sketch 
 belongs, and our short and imperfect notice of his career is attributable only to the 
 modesty of Dr. Folwell, who is extremely reticent in speaking of himself. 
 
 This very successful and eminent practitioner is a native of this city. 
 
 His father was a Quaker of the fine old Pennsylvania stock, his mother of French 
 origin from the island of St. Thomas. The father died of yellow fever in 1829. 
 
 From his earliest youth Dr. I'olwell liad all the advantages which well directed 
 instruction an<l daily intcrcouise witli an intelligent and refined home circle 
 could give. 
 
 He was liberally educated at Danville Centre College in Kentucky, an Alma 
 Mater which has given to our country many men of note in tlie professions, letters, 
 and politics. 
 
 He graduated in 184'.>, from Jefferson Medical College, IMiiladelphia, an insti- 
 tution long before famous for the erudition and proficiency of its faculty, and 
 which has graduated more students than any other college of medicine in the coun- 
 try. In the same year he commenced practice in his native city, and from the very 
 beginning took the rank among his fellow-workers in the art of healing which he 
 now holds, that of an honored and esteemed, trusted and competent physician. 
 
158 
 
 KEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 In 1862, Dr. Folwell married Miss Kina Seraraes, daughter of Gen. B. B. Sem- 
 mes, a Sontliern lady of ^reat refinement and intelligence. 
 
 He was elected to the ])ositiou of coroner on the Fusion ticket in 1872 ; and, it 
 is needless to say. fulfilled the dnries of that office with the capability and good 
 judgment which lie V)rlngs to bear on all his undertakings. 
 
 Dr. Folwell's prominence in the pursuits of his profession, is so well known to 
 the people of this city and State, that it would be an unmeaning compliment to 
 dwell upon it here. He has been through all the yellow fevei- epidemics since 
 1849, never having absented himself from the city during their terrible course, and 
 has the satisfaction of knowing that he is oue of the few physicians who have been 
 notably succsssful m the treatment of that dreaded disease, and that, his diagnosis 
 of any doubtful case under special consideraion, has always been accepted as 
 reliable. 
 
 From early influence, a comprehensive education, and a generous-minded na- 
 ture. Dr. Folwell is expanded in his feelings, ;i liberal in his views, and thoroughly 
 refined in all his habits and tastes; a gentleman who, in public and private life, is 
 sans peur. et sans reproche. 
 
 JAMES G. BELDEN, M D, 
 
 n the medical profession of our city, there is no name more favorably accepted 
 that of this respected and trusted gentleiua-n, who ibr thirty-two years has 
 
 In 
 than that ot tins respec... .,..^. ......^i^vi ^v...nv ....i-i,, „..w 
 
 ministered among all classes and degrees of our people. 
 
 Dr. Belden is of old revolutionary stock. His father was one of the earliest 
 settlers of the State of New York, having moved to the Empire State when many 
 
PHYSIGIAN^S. 159 
 
 of its DOW large cities were in their iufaucy, and there was not even a log cabin 
 where poi>ulous and thriving Rochester now stands. He tells of a continned resi- 
 dence and possession on the part of his father's and mother's families not very otteu 
 met with among Americans. They lived on and owned their respective farms for 
 over two hundred years. 
 
 Dr. Belden was born in Moscow, New York, September li2d, 1822. He first 
 studied medicine with Dr. Winslow Lewis, in Boston, afterwards with Dr. John A. 
 Whittaker, ot New York, and graduated from the College of Physicians and Sur- 
 geons of that city, in 1846. He settled in Mobile, Alabama, in the fall of the same 
 year, and in the following autumn, 1817, removed to New Orleans, where, with 
 occasional short absences, he has*resided ever since, employed in the active and 
 arduous duties enjoined by his profession. A glance at the dates in this sketch, 
 will tell that Dr. Belden has been in New Orleans during the periods of the worst 
 yellow fever epidemics, and the records of his long practice show that in the treat- 
 ment of this disease, so terribly fraught with danger to the patient, and, from its 
 diversity of symptoms, often so puzzling to the attending physician, he has been in a 
 very unusual degree successful in savi ng life. He has a very extensive and lucrative 
 general field of labor, numbering among his patients a great many of the wealthiest 
 and most refined families in our city. Among the i>oor and middle classes. Dr. 
 Belden has made hosts of friends, not alone by the success which he has had as 
 their j)hysician, but also through that courteous and kind bearing which ever 
 distinguishes the true gentleman. 
 
 Although, never an ardent i^olitician, he was elected State Treasnrer in 1864, 
 served his full term and retired from office in the enjoyment of the same self-respect 
 and confidence of his constituents, which he possessed when he entered upon the 
 duties of his position, no charge of peculation being brought against him, although, 
 in those days, there was a million lying idle in the treasury. The doctor is still 
 in the prime of life, and apparently has many more years of usefulness before him. 
 He is j)ossessed of an interesting and accomplished family, wife, two sons and 
 four daughters, and has the pleasure of knowing that he is honored and esteemed 
 at home and abroad, as friend and counsellor, a worthy citizen and reliable med- 
 ical practitioner. 
 
 S. M. ANGELL, M.D. 
 
 This very successful hoinoiopathic practitioner, son of Dr. Itichard Angell, 
 lately deceased, and Honor Goodrich, was born in Jefferson county, Miss., August 
 2d, 1833. 
 
 He began the study of medicine, under his father, in Huntsville, Alabama, 
 January, 1853. Attended his first course of medical lectures in the Electical 
 Medical College at Cincinnati, Ohio, during the winter of 1854-5, and his second in 
 the Medical Department of the University of Louisiana — allopathic — during the 
 session of 1855-6. During the winter of 1856-7, Dr. Angell attended the Penn- 
 sylvania Homoeopathic Medical College in Philadel])hia, where he received the 
 degree of Medical Doctor, March 1, 1857. He immediately returned to New Or- 
 leans and entered into the practice of his profession in connection with his eminent 
 father, with whom he was associated for eighteen years, gaining daily, through his 
 successful system of treatment, a wider and wider field of labor and a more exten- 
 ded and enviable reputation. 
 
 Dr. S. M. Angell's flame is now a well and favorably known one. He has had 
 a large experience, especially in diseases of women and children, in the treatment 
 of which he has achieved an almost unparalleled success. He has had charge of 
 the Seventh Street Protestant Orphans' Home for twelve years. The books of this 
 institution show that in 1867, Dr. Angell had forty -four cases of yellow fever among 
 
lt)0 
 
 N^IJW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 the children and adults of the home, not one of which 2)r on ed fatal, while the record 
 of his treatment of other diseases, is equally gratify in j»'. 
 
 Dr. Angell is still a severe and close student, givhig intelligent attention to 
 whatever new is advanced, theoretic or i)ractical, in relation to the develojjment 
 of medicine. His habits are those of strict temperance, and unwearying observa- 
 
 tion ; which, combined with an earnest interest in all who seek him professionally, 
 and the happy facility which he i)ossesses of making his patients his friends, have 
 won for him a widespread and desirable busiuess and social standing, and placed 
 Dr. Angell, but now in the prime of life, far on the highway of success and fame. 
 
 WILLIAM COLE HARRISON, Ph. D., 
 
 Is descended on the father's side from the Harrison family, of Virginia, of which 
 Wm. Henry Harrison was an illustrious member, and his maternal grandfather, 
 John Q. Talbot was one of the seven Americans wounded at the battle of New 
 Orleans, which resulted in Jackson's brilliant victory. William Cole Harrison was 
 born in East Feliciana parish, Louisiana, on the 15th of August, 184:1. He 
 (;ame to New Orleans in 185(5, and from that date until he joined the Southern 
 army, he was a clerk with several of the leading drug houses of the city. He left 
 with the " Crescent Regiment" for Shiloh, in answer to a call of G-en. Beauregard 
 for troops. He was one of the ninety days' men, but as he jokingly states the 
 case, he " lost about three years and a half fooling around Tennessee and Georgia, 
 following the fortunes of G-ens. Beauregard, Bragg, Johnson and Hood ; a i)ortion 
 of this time he was an assistant to medical purveyor of Hardee's Corps. 
 
PHYSIGIAN^S. 
 
 161 
 
 Ou the 14:tli of August, 1864, Mr. Harrison was married to Miss Lattuer, of 
 Chattanooga, Tenn., at Tobotton, Ga. 
 
 He was paroled at Macon, Ga., May 27, 1805, by Gen, Wilson's Cavalry, and 
 at the time was suffering from a severe wonnd received in front of Atlanta, some 
 time previous. 
 
 Ou his return to New Orleans in 18(>5, Mr. Harrison took a position as clerk 
 in Hasting's drug store, where he remained until February 1, 1800, when he suc- 
 ceeded Mr. Thomas Clark in the drug store corner Magazine and Thalia streets. 
 In March, 1809, he graduated at the New Orleans School of Medicine, with the 
 degree of Doctor of Pharmacy. In 1871, he built his present store, which is on 
 the corner of the same streets, opposite the store he bought from (31ark. 
 
 With his usual luck, Harrison was caught in the July riot of 1806. He was 
 passing Mechanics' Institute when the firing commenced, but fortunately escaped 
 without injurN'. In the White League movement, and all other efforts to obtain a 
 government of the people for our State, he has taken an active part, serving on 
 the memorable 14th September, L874, and during the four months in the begin- 
 ning of 1877, which resulted in the establishment of the NichoUs government. 
 
 By care, accuracy, promptness and strict attention to the purity of medicines 
 dispensed, he has secured the confidence of the leading physicians and the public 
 in general, and through fair dealing has accumulated considerable of the " goods 
 of this world,'' and may be said to be " well fixed." The future is full of promise 
 for him, and he has the best wishes of a host of friends that his brightest prospects 
 may be fully realized. 
 
 21 
 
BANKS AND BANKERS, 
 
 NEW ORLEANS CLEARING HOUSE. 
 
 This institution was organized for business June 1st, 1872, and, although the 
 project was not at first re(;eived with favor, its admirable workings have demon- 
 strated its usefulness, and at present, every banking institution in the city, with 
 one exception, belongs to it. 
 
 Previously, tlie exchanges were made by the banks individually, the messen- 
 gers going from bank to bank, thus consuming much valuable time, besides run- 
 ning risks of loss from delay and other causes. The clearings amount, daily, on an 
 average the year round, to about one and a half millions of dollars, while the 
 balances are less than two hundred thousand dollars. By the aid of the Clearing 
 House, the exchanges are all completed before ten o'clock, and each bank knows 
 exactlj?^ where it stands at the commencement of the day's business. 
 
 Mr. Isaac JST. Maynard is the manager of the Clearing House, and was its 
 original projector. He is an old and highly-esteemed citizen, and combines in a 
 high degree the sterling qualities necessary in so responsible a position. The offi- 
 cers of the Clearing House are: President, Jos. H. Oglesby, President Louisiana 
 National Bank : A'ice-President, Samuel H. Kennedy, President State National 
 Bank; Manager, Isaac N. Maynard; Committee of Management, Carl Kohn, 
 President Union Bank ; John C. Morris, President C^anal Bank ; E. L. Carriere, 
 President Citizens' Bank. 
 
 The following is a list of the banks of our city : 
 
 N. O. Caual and Banking Company, capital - - - - $1,000,000 
 
 Louisiana National Bank, * " . . . . 1,000,000 
 
 State National Bank, u . . . . 425,000 
 
 New Orleans National Bank. " - . . . 200,000 
 
 Germania National Bank, " . . . . 300,00(i 
 
 Union National Bank, " .... 250,000 
 
 Mutual National Bank, '^ - - - - 300,000 
 
 Hibernian National Bank, " .... 400,000 
 
 Citizens' Bank, '' - - - - 1,500,000 
 
 People's Bank, " .... 300,000 
 
 SAMUEL H. KENNEDY. 
 
 For over a quarter of a century no name has stood higher in our commercial 
 and monied interests, or been more highly esteemed in social life, than that which 
 heads this article. Mr. Kennedy comes from an old and intellectual New England 
 stock, having been born in Massachusetts in the year 1816. A farmer's son, he 
 received in early youth the training common to most farmers' sons, going to school 
 during the winter months, and assisting in tilling the soil during the summer. 
 His aptitude in the studies of his village school induced his father to promise to 
 fultill the dream of those early days by sending him to Harvard College, at Cam- 
 bridge, where his oldest brother graduated in 1820. But the death of his parents 
 destroyed this hope, and at the age of sixteen years he left school, and became 
 thereafter the "architect of his own fortunes" — how well he has performed his 
 part, his fellow-citizens of New Orleans will testify. Conscientious devotion to the 
 work before him, economy and close imnlitiation, with a strict adherence to one 
 
BAJ^KS AND BANKERS. 
 
 163 
 
 rule — a maxim that always brings success — to confine his private expenses to an 
 amonnt within his income — have brought a well-merited reward, both in a stock 
 of worldly goods, and the confidence and esteem of those who know him, 
 
 Mr, Kennedy's first business experience was in a wholesale grocery in Boston, 
 where he remained until 1835, when he turned his steps westward, arriving- in 
 Alton, 111,, in December of that year. Here for two years he filled the position of 
 book-keeper in a dry goods store, and then embarked in the wholesale grocery 
 business, A threatened pulmonary disease warned him to seek a wanner climate, 
 and in 1843 he commenced bnsiness in New Orleans, as a member of the firm of 
 Kennedy & Foster, Western Comnn'ssion and E^roduce merchants. This firm was 
 dissolved in 1850 by the death of Mr, Foster, and continued under the title of S, H. 
 Kennedy & Co, for 21 years, AVe doubt if any other firm in onr city has con- 
 tinued so long under one name, Mr. Kennedy tlien resolved to devote his capital 
 to the cotton interests, and the present well known and highly esteemed firm of 
 Payne, Kennedy & Co, was formed, sncceeding and continuing the business of one 
 of the oldest and most influential cotton factorage houses in our city. 
 
 Before the war, the Louisiana State Bank wms one of the leading monied insti- 
 tutions of the Union, and for many years Mr, Keiniedy was one of the most active 
 and attentive of its Directors. TJie disasters of the war were severely felt by this 
 institution, but under able management all its liabilities were i)aid. In 1870, 
 when the bank was in such a cripi)led condition that a li([uidation of its aftairs 
 seemed inevitable, at the urgent recpiest of the sto(;kholders, Mr. Keiniedy became 
 its President and took charge of its affairs. The name of the institution was 
 changed to the State National Bank, and under the jndicions administration of Mr, 
 Kennedy, it has regained its old renown as one of the most conservative, solid and 
 leliable banks of the country. 
 
 Mr, Kennedy has been one of the most active members of the Chamber of 
 Commerce of New Orleans, and was its Pressident for several years. In all move- 
 ments tor the public good, whereby the prosperity and influence of our city may 
 be advanced, he is a willing and active cooperator. 
 
164 
 
 N'UW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 CARL KOHN. 
 
 This gentleman is president of that staunch fiscal institution, the Union 
 National Bank. 
 
 He is a financier of great ability, and under his management the Union 
 National Bank has met with marked success, and gained a high standard of 
 popularity and confidence with our leading merchants. 
 
 Mr. Kohn possesses nuh'fatigable indnstry and assidnity, combine<l witli 
 native politeness and c()nrtc(ms demeanor, which qnalitics have rendered him a 
 universal favorite in the commercial and social circle in wiiicli he moves, and made 
 his name a synonym of all those qnalities of head and heart which belong to the 
 true gentleman. 
 
 ISAAC N. MAYNARD. 
 
 The subject of this notice was born in the town of Guilford, 8tate of Connecticut, 
 on the 24th of September, 1(S12. His family, removing while he was yet an infant, 
 to the headwaters of the Left Fork of the Niantic river, situated in the town of 
 Waterford, New London county, the seat of his maternal ancestry, (the " Beck- 
 withs") his early reminiscences are confined to that locality until he had attained 
 his 18th year. 
 
 At that time he visited New York and commenced his mercantile life with the 
 firm of Roman, Watson & Co., a branch of the large wholesale dry goods firm of 
 Babcock, Gardiner & Co., Chartres street. New Orleans. His education was 
 obtained in the common schools of his native town. His fathers family were dis- 
 tinguished for their literars^ attainments and knowledge of music, and on the 
 
BAWK8 AKD BANKERS. 
 
 165 
 
 maternal side for their enterprise and mechanical skill in the art of shipbuilding, 
 the head-waters (both forks) of the Niantic being" famous for the shipyards of 
 the Beckwith's, as early as the commencement of the present century. 
 
 Four of his uncles (Beckwiths) in the prime of life, emigrated to Louisville, 
 Ky., and there became the pioneers of steamboat building, and commanding 
 their own boats in the trade between that city and Xew Orleans. Their memories 
 are held in deserved esteem by old residents in both cities to this day. 
 
 Our young aspiran t, for a life of adventure, remained four years with his 
 employers in New York. But yearning for the glorious West and South, the 
 home of his adventurous uncles, in the spring of 1834, he accepted a position as 
 book-keeper in the country store of Burne »Jc Burnside, situated in tlie town of 
 Union, Monroe county, Va. With them he remained till December, 1834, and 
 then took his departure for the Ohio river, en route to Louisville, Ky., and 
 IsTew Orleans, arriving in the latter city on the 1st of January, 1835. 
 
 In the commercial house of his brother (Calvin) he remained, until the spring of 
 1837, when the Virginia house of Burne & Burnside (John Burnside being the 
 resident active partner), removed to New Orleans, in tlu' fall of 183G, when he again 
 entered their servi(;e as book-keeper, and so remained for the space of four years. 
 
 In 1841, he was elected general book-keeper of the Bank of Louisiana, and, in 
 1842, cashier of the branch of that bank at St. Francisville, La. He married in 
 1846, the eldest daughter of Dr. Henry Baines (Mary E. Baines). Eight children 
 were born to them, but only three survive at this writing (July, 1879), two sons 
 and a daughter. 
 
 The branches of the Bank of Louisiana, having been withdrawn hj consent of 
 the Legislature of Louisiana, and liquidated in 1850, he turned his entire atten- 
 tion to cotton and sugar planting in the Parish of West Feliciana, pursuing the 
 calling with his wonted energy and never-flagging industry. The seasons proving 
 
166 N^EW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 unpropitious on the uplands, for sugar-cane especially, he removed to the Parish of 
 Iberville (Bayou Marangoiu) in the fall of 1800, and settled a plantation in the 
 midst of the primeval forests of cane-brake and towering oaks. 
 
 In the spring of 1801, the cival war broke out, and in 1862 the whole of the 
 west side of the Mississippi was under water for four successive years, destroying 
 every vestige of the most promising crops of cane, cotton and corn. 
 
 These calamities, together with the final loss of all his slave property (in 1805) 
 induced him to remove his family back to the Parish of West Feliciana, La., and 
 try his luck again at cotton planting under the new system of hired labor. One 
 year satisfied him there was no money in it, and he "quit." Lying on his oars, he 
 began to sing his thoughts in verse, ior the first hme, and having " nothing else to 
 do," continued his song-writing until the spring of 1872, "off and on," as time and 
 the " spirit moved." 
 
 In March, '72, he visited New Orleans for employment, and finding a general 
 expression among bankers, favorable to the establishment of a " Clearing House" 
 to facilitate the daily exchanges between them, he was solicited to undertake the 
 task of its creation and organization. This he accomplished by dint of intelligence 
 and industry, and on the Ist June, 1872, the " New Orleans Clearing House" was 
 first opened to business with Isaac N. Maynard as its first manager. He is still its 
 manager. 
 
 Mr. Maynard is the author of the charter of the Factor's Warehouse Bank, an 
 institution the success of which will be of vast assistance to the commerce of New 
 Orleans. 
 
 At the age of 00 years, he still looks as if he were good for a decade or two 
 yet, as his portrait testifies, of energy and usefulness to his family, and to his fellow- 
 men. 
 
 His poetical works number more than tiventy volumes (manuscri])t) ; many of 
 his poems have been published in the journals of the day, andhave met with warm and 
 well merited praise. The peculiarity of his writings (poetry) and hence their popu- 
 larity, lies in the power with which he touches the tenderest and most sacred emo- 
 tions of the human heart. We hope that some day, not tar distant, his works 
 may be given to the world, a living history of the times and trials endured, and the 
 yearnings and hopes and fears of every trne Southern heart, during the years that 
 " tried men's souls," in the gallant but unfortunate South. He has sung her woes, 
 he has sung her joys, may he live long to sing her glory and renown. 
 
 MICHAEL FRANK. 
 
 This well known citizen was born in the town of Shultz, Alsace, France, and 
 came to Louisiana when quite young, embarking in business in Ouachita Parish. 
 
 In 1848 Mr. Frank was married to Miss Moses, of this city, and afterwards 
 settled in Clinton, where he was in business until 1804. In this year Mr. Frank 
 removed to New Orleans, and at once became one of our most enterprising, ener- 
 getic and public-spirited merchants. He i)urchased the stock and good-will of the 
 well known crockery and queensware house of Bowles «& Judson. 
 
 This business he conducted with marked ability and success until 1872, when 
 he disposed of his interest to Messrs Stratton & Mayer, and became the President 
 of the Metropolitan Bank. 
 
 The present flourishing condition of this bank is mainly due to the careful 
 management, long business experience, and great financial capacity of Mr. Frank. 
 Its dividends have been large and regular since he assumed control of its affairs, 
 and as a consequence, the stock is seldom offered for sale, but when offered, 
 readily commands a handsome premium. 
 
NEW ORLEANS DENTAL COLLEGE. 
 
 167 
 
 Mr. Frank was President of the Congregation of Temple Sinai from 1872 to 
 1874, and was again elected to that intinential position in 1877, and has been 
 reelected every year since. He has taken an active j)art in the gnidance and 
 maintenance of those most charitable institutions, the Jewish Widows' and 
 
 ^4cA^c<.je^^ 
 
 Orphans' Home and the Touro Infirmary. Mr. Frank is esteemed as a man of 
 sterling- integrity, liberal and enlightened views, cautious yet enterprising in busi- 
 ness, and generous in all worthy charitable movements — attributes that haxe 
 gained him the respect and esteem of all classes of his fellow-citizens. 
 
 NEW ORLEANS DENTAL COLLEGE. 
 
 For the advancement of science in their i^rofessiou, and to give to young men 
 desiring to enter it, an opportunity for study and improvement, a number of the 
 leading dental surgeons of our city, combined and established the Xew Orleans 
 Dental College. The institution has been admirably conducted, and meets in a 
 large degree the designs of its founders. 
 
168 
 
 NEW ORLEANS ILLU8TBATEJD. 
 
 J. R WALKER, D. D S 
 
 Dr. J. K. Walker was boru in the beautiful valley of Crroton, Thompkins 
 county, Xew York, August 7, 1830, of parents who were of families distinguished 
 for intelligence, learning and integrity. Several of his relations have been emi- 
 nent as teachers, others as ministers, legislators, physicians and authors. The 
 father's family being one of the oldest and largest in the South, of old Maryland 
 . stock, while the mother's family were among the early settlers of New England, 
 both coming over in the sixteenth century. 
 
 In 1834, the family moved to the State of Michigan, where the son early man- 
 ifesting a strong desire for knowledge, and becoming a devoted student, acquired 
 the rudiments of a good education, for which the excellent schools of the city of 
 Flint lurnished ample facilities. 
 
 His 17th year was spent in teaching and studying in Illinois. Here also he 
 began the study of dentistry, which he continued the following year at Albion, 
 Mich., while attending the academy at that place. 
 
 ^^^^7^, /v^^i^^^C^^^Sr^ 
 
 
 The next year he took a finishing course with Dr. Foster, of Jackson, Mich., 
 who was one of the best dentists of that day. Although prc»nounced competent to 
 practice, his disposition to be as thorough as possible, led him to visit the Eastern 
 cities, where, becoming accpiainted with the best operators of that day, he was 
 able to familiarize himself with the latest improvements in the jirogressive pro- 
 fession which he had chosen. 
 
 In order to improve himself in general science and literature, he entered ui)on 
 a course of study at Antioch College, Ohio ; whence, in 1854, he went to the State of 
 Texas, where he enjoyed four years of lucrative practice. 
 
 Coming to New Orleans in 1858, he soon took rank among the first operators 
 of this city in both departments of his profession — a position which he has steadily 
 maintained. 
 
 At the outbreak of war between the States, he was among the earliest to vol- 
 
DENTISTS. 1(10 
 
 unteer bis services as a Confederate soldier, serving the canse with his character- 
 istic zeal to the last hour of the conflict, and gaining the reputation of a cool, daring 
 and reliable scout. 
 
 Being paroled at Jackson, Miss., after the surrender of Gen. Lee, he returned 
 to New Orleans and resumed the practice of his profession. 
 
 Jn May, 1861, Dr. Walker married Miss Camille Viavant, a highly accom- 
 plished and most excellent lady of this city, whose death occurred a few mouths 
 later, w hile he was absent on duty as a soldier. 
 
 August 7, 1865, he married Miss Jeanie Mort, a lady of English parentage, of 
 refinement and education. Mrs. Walker is well-known, in literary circles, as a 
 forcible and fluent waiter of well-considered essays and contributions, showing 
 much study and research ; also as an able and ready book-reviewer. She is the au- 
 thor of the life of the brave and heroic Capt. Joseph Fry. Five interesting and 
 promising children are the fruits of their union. 
 
 Outside of his profession. Dr. Walker's favorite i)ursuit is that of science. In 
 1806 he was elected a Fellow of the New Orleans Academy of Sciences, and in 
 ] 869 accomi)anied Professor Hilyard in making a Geological Eeconnoissance of the 
 State of Louisiana, under the auspices of the Academy of Sciences. In 1870 he 
 became a member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, 
 and in 1875 a Fellow of tJie same body, in whose annual meetings he takes great 
 interest. As an occasional lecturer and writer of articles on professional or other 
 subjects, his productions have been uiarked by a vein of strong common sense, 
 that commanded the attention of hearers and readers. 
 
 The esteem in which Dr. Walker is held by his confr«>res in the den'al pro- 
 fession, is best evidenced by the numerous positions of responsibility and honor 
 which he has occupied. 
 
 In 1857 he became a member of the Mississippi Valley Dental Association ; in 
 l.'>70 and 1871 he was Vice-President of the American Dental Association; in 1875 
 he was President of the Southern Dental Association. He has been one of the 
 Regents of the Maryland Dental College since the foundation of that institution. 
 In 1876 he Avas elected Professor of Operative Dental Surgery in the New Orleans 
 Dental College. His lectures, always extempore, rarely even using notes, are 
 eminently practical and to the point ; thoroughly systematic, lucid and clear, ami his 
 instructions command the unwearied attention of his class, in whose memories 
 they are indelibly fixed. 
 
 For more than a decade Dr. Walker has generally represented the dental pro- 
 fession of New Orleans in the various national associations, and by this frequent 
 intercourse with the leading dentists of the whole country, has kept himself 
 thoroughly posted in all that is new and valuable, enabling him to be always 
 among the first to introduce in New Orleans the recent improvements in methods, 
 materials and appliances. 
 
 For a number of years i)ast he has taken strong grounds against the destruc- 
 tive use of the file in separating teeth, and was one of the earliest to introduce the 
 style of contour-fillings, with gold or other materials, and restoring the natural 
 form of the tooth. Always opposed to the extraction of teeth where there is any 
 chance of saving them, and, early devoting his serious attention to the sul)je(;t of 
 treating and restoring dead and ulcerated teeth, he has met with the most com- 
 plete success in this specialty. 
 
 In 1866, Dr. Walker became a member of Merchants Lodge, of the I. O. O. F., 
 and soon after joined Hobah Encampment. Passing rapidly through the official 
 chairs of the Order, he became the Grand Patriarch of the State of Louisiana in 1871. 
 
 Too closely devoted to his profession to take an active interest in politics, 
 though a bitter enemy to fraud and corruption, and voting always — to the best of 
 his knowledge — for " the right man in the right place," regardless of politics or 
 creed ; deeply interested in all matters pertaining to science and literature, and .i 
 persistent advocate of hygienic and sanitary reform ; liberal in his religious views ; 
 courteous and genial in his manners ; Dr. Walker is a general favorite with all who 
 know him, and, with his esteemed and accomplished wife, is a welcome guest in 
 social and literary circles. 
 
 22 
 
170 
 
 JOJTT ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 CHARLES P. ANGELL, D D. S. 
 
 This gentleman, a sou ot the ]ate Dr. Eicliard Aiigell, was horn in Louisville, 
 Ky., on the 25tli of July, 1848. 
 
 He came to this city in 1855. After a thorough course of studies, he gradu- 
 ated as a dentist in 1871. 
 
 WM 
 
 
 He was associated with his brother. Gen. John G. Angell, and upon the death 
 of that eminent soldier-citizen, succeeded him in business as a dental surgeon. 
 
 Dr. Chas. P. Angell is one of the most scientific members of his profession, 
 and enjoys a large and coustantly-growing i)ractice. 
 
 JAMES SPENCER KNAPP, D. D. S. 
 
 The subject of this sketch has attained an enviable reputation as a prac- 
 titioner and a teacher of the dental profession, so that his opinion of diseased con- 
 ditions of the mouth and teeth is held in high esteem by those who pursue the 
 dental art. 
 
 His ancestry shows that he is a mixture of German, French and Scotch. 
 
 His father. Dr. Colby Knapj), i)ractised medicine till ripe old age in Guilford 
 Centre, Chenango County, New York, at which place this gentleman, his son, was 
 born, ]Jecend)er 4th, 1824. His mother, Lucinda Murray, was a direct descendant 
 from a titled lady of France, whose maiden name was Julie De Cavalrie. Her 
 father, Elihu Murray, held a captain's (commission in the Anunicau army under 
 its great leader, General Washington, to whom, in tigure and face, he is said to 
 have borne a striking resemblance. 
 
[ 
 
 BUNTISTS. 
 
 171 
 
 The part of couutry in which Dr. Knapp's boyhood was passed is one of 
 remarkably beautiful and picturesque scenery. Here he obtained a good educa- 
 tion, and had some experience in teachini;^, which he found of great service to him 
 when, after practising- dentistry in Kew Orleans for a period of years, he became 
 Professor of Theory and Practice in the New Orleaus Dental College. He was 
 one of the founders of this institution, of which he was the dean for eight years. 
 His style of lecturing to the dental classes, is marked as being easy and compre- 
 hensible, well adapted to bringing the difficult subjects of dental i^hysiology within 
 the scope of their understanding. 
 
 Having pursued a partial course of medicine with his father, and then having 
 acquired an excellent knowledge of dentistry, in which he has been a methodical 
 reader and investigator, and being i> assessed of a high degree of manipulative 
 skill, he has undoubtedly well earned the reputation whi(;li his confreres readily 
 accord to him in the active i)ractice of his favorite profession, in which he occupies 
 
 his daily life. The poor are never turned away from his office ; their lack of means 
 to pay for operations never being taken into consideration by the doctor, who 
 always serves them professionally^ with courtesy and consideration. 
 
 His practice among the rich and refined classes is extensive and lucrative. 
 
 He came to New Orleaus in the fall of 1845, where he has ever since resided. 
 
 In 1849 he married Miss Emily A. Scott, an accomplished and beautiful lady 
 of his native county in New York — a lady of excellent mind, and whose literary 
 tastes and abilities are unquestioned by those who were so fortunate as to know 
 her. 
 
 There are six living children, the fruits of this marriage. Two of his sons, 
 Drs. James Rollo Knapp and Colby Dickinson Knapp, are now practising den- 
 tistry in this city. 
 
 Dr. James S. Knapp, of whom we write, was, for the usual term of one year. 
 President of the Southern Dental Association, also for the same period President 
 
172 
 
 NJ^W ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 of the New Orleans ])eiital Association, and is now President of the Louisiana 
 fc5rate Dental Society. ; and has always been forward to promote anything tending- 
 to tlie elevation or improvement of his profession. 
 
 FREDERICK HOPKINS KNAPP, D. D. S. 
 
 The subject of this sketch was born May 17, 1815, in Guilford, Cheuango 
 county, N^ew York. From his earliest youth, he had unusually good advantages 
 for securing a line education, and exhibited remarkable facility for ac(]uiring the 
 dead languages, in which he became an adept. His studj^ was in the law office of 
 his brother-in-law, the lamous United States Senator, Hon. Daniel S. Dickinson, 
 and from the books of the fine and extensive library of this gentleman, as well as 
 from associations with famous people who visited the statesman, he gathered a 
 vast fund of knowledge and acquaintance that has served him well in the career 
 that has given him fortune and fame. 
 
 <^^y7/^ yt^c^^,^^ 
 
 At the age of fourteen, his attention was directed to the science of dental 
 surgery, which profession was then in its infancy, and from the zeal he displayed 
 to become proficient in its detail, and the success which attended his operations, 
 while he was yet a school boy, he attracted much attention. 
 
 His father being a prominent physician, imparted to the son nnich informa- 
 tion that proved very advantageous to him. In this connection, and to perfect 
 himself as much as possible in the medical and surgical knowledge and practice 
 which he thought necessary to his profession, in 1h34 he attended lectures in the 
 Medical College of New York. 
 
 In 1835 he located in Baltimore and remained until 1810, during which time 
 lie was a very successful practitioner. In the latter year, he married and removed 
 
DENTISTtS. 
 
 173 
 
 to New Orleans, where he quickly gained a large and lucrative practice and well 
 deserved honors. 
 
 In 1842, he went to Havana, and presented himself before the medical profes" 
 sors of the Eoyal University of Havana for examiuation and received diploma- 
 In 1814, he returned to New Orleans, aud though also engaged successfully in 
 planting, yet he devoted himself specially to his profession, and has continued to 
 enjoy a tine practice that for success and the genius he has displayed, made his 
 name famous throughout every portion of this country. 
 
 He is now one of the oldest dental i>ractitioners in the Houth, and enjoys the 
 honorable distinction of being the President of the New Orleans Dental College. 
 
 The specific knowledge that this practitioner has of medicine aud surgery tends 
 to make him remarkably skillful in the treatment of diseases incident to dentistry. 
 In tills particular, he has made a most amiable reputation for his success in saving 
 teeth, and the bone structures involved iu practical operations in this science. As 
 a mark of his superiority in this, as well as the mechanical department of his pro- 
 fession, he has the pleasure of i)ossessing testimonials of his skill and excellence 
 from Henry Clay, Andrew Jackson, John C. Calhoun, Andrew Johnson and other 
 celebrated persons, with whom the doctor was on intimate terms of social as well 
 as professional relationship. His popularity at the present time indicates that he 
 retains those peculiar traits of excellence that has given him fame and splendid 
 character in the past. 
 
 Dr. FREDERICK J. KNAPP. 
 
 This gentleman, son of Hr. F. H. Rna[)p, was born in Baltimore, Md,, July 
 8th, ISl.'), while his mother was temporarily visiting that city. Being an only son, 
 
 2«^^<^^^^/ 
 
 and the only living child of his parents, he had all the educational advantages 
 that could be lavished on him by devoted, intelligent and wealthy parents. 
 After a thorough course of study in Europe, where he acquired a fine literary 
 
174 NEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 and scientific education, he returned to his home in New Orleans in 1864, when at 
 the age ot eighteen he was emancipated, and began business. 
 
 Being in delicate health, he applied himself to planting, in which i^ursuit he 
 continued until 1872, and his name became widely known for the interest he took 
 in the cultivation of Ramie. During this period he also filled, with singular ability 
 and success, several important public offices, the principal one of which was that 
 of U. S. Pension Agent for this military district. He was appointed to the posi- 
 tion by President Johnson in 1865, but failing to support Grant, he was retired by 
 the latter President in March, 1867. As no other appointee could, however, give 
 the necessary security of $1(K),0U0, and fill the position so satisfactorily, this 
 brilliant young surgeon and very comi)etent business man was requested by the 
 government officials to retain the place until 1871. During his official career he 
 disbursed over a half million of dollars, and when his accounts were audited, he 
 had the satisfaction of being notified that there was a balance due him from the 
 U. S. Treasury. 
 
 From his earliest boyhood, he had been familiarized to the science by seeing 
 and taking part with his father in the practical details of dentistry, and thus 
 literally grew into the profession by study and experience of the most valuable 
 character. Finding that his life as a planter had served to place him in robust 
 health and strength, he devoted himself exclusively to the practice of dentistry in 
 1872, since which time he has had a most singularly successful career. 
 
 The artistic skill with which he operates, the merits and durability of his works, 
 the gentleness of his treatment, the affability of his manners and the intelligence he 
 displays, as well as intimate knowledge of all the improvements in his profession, 
 have made him deciledly popular, and won him a host of friends. 
 
 iifieHlktiiiL 
 
 The history of New Orleans is replete with evidences to prove that the cause 
 of " schools for the instruction of the young.'' received early attention from the 
 founders and first settlers of the city, and that, notwithstanding assertions to the 
 contrary by persons ignorant of our institutions, the development of the mind by 
 means of liberal education, has ever been a cherished and well supported scheme 
 by the people of the Crescent City. 
 
 Our public schools are models of excellence. The teachers, chosen from the 
 most competent instructors of our city, are, many of them, persons of long experi- 
 ence and great ability in the instruction and control of pupils. The school houses 
 are roomy, light and well ventilated. 
 
 We have, also, a large number of private institutions of learning, some of 
 which have, and very justly too, as high a reputation as the best colleges of the 
 North. 
 
 URSULINE CONVENT. 
 
 The school of the Ursuline Nuns, who arrived herein 1727, five years after the 
 settlement of the city, was the first we find mentioned, and was in reality the first 
 established here. For almost a century, till 1824, their labors were continued at 
 their old convent, at the corner of Conde, now Chartres, and Ursuline streets, 
 
EDUCATIONAL. 175 
 
 when they remov^ed to their present spacious one near the Barracks, where they 
 are still engaged in the admirable cause of which they were the pioneers in 
 this city. 
 
 A complete history of this institution would be too lengthy for a work like 
 the present, nor is it necessary ; the [Jrsuliue Convent has a national, indeed 
 wider reputation, as an institution where all the accomplishmenrs and branches of 
 a thorough education are imparted to girls, and all the graces of tlie mind and 
 heart cultivated and fostered. 
 
 The subjoined extract shows in what light this time-honored schoool has ever 
 been regarded ; for the description is as applicable to its working- at the present 
 time, as to the near or remote past, with tliis exception, that its influence and 
 patronage is now more extended. 
 
 In a private letter to President Jefferson, Dec. 27, 1803, Gov. Claiborne writes : 
 " I yesterday paid a visit of ceremony to the TTrsuline Convent, and returned 
 deeply impressed with its value and importance. There is a Lady Abbess or 
 Superior and eleven nuns, who devote themselves to the education of girls. They, 
 at present, accommodate seventy-three boarders and a hundred schohirs. The 
 children of the opulent of Louisiana, and a number from Mississippi, here receive 
 instructions, nor do they close their doors on the poor. Many are here received 
 gratuitously and treated with the utmost kindness by these benevolent women. 
 The society was under the Spanish dominion, much larger, but many of the nuns, 
 on the transfer of Louisiana to France, shocked by the incidents of the French 
 revolution, sought an asylum in Havana. A number of these, I am informed, will 
 soon return, confiding in the protection of our (lovernment." 
 
 ROBERT MILLS LUSHER 
 
 was born in Charleston, South Carolina. After having attended private school in 
 his native city, he was sent, when still a lad, to Washington City, where he entered 
 the office of his uucle, Robert Mills, the distinguished (lovernment Architect. 
 Here, he gave assurance of attaining, in time, a special power in that profession. 
 Fortunately, however, for the interests of that Education, of which he was des 
 tined, later on, to become so eminent a champion, he was induced to enter 
 Georgetown College. In that admirable Institution, he remained during the years 
 1811 and 1812. In those two years, he did double scholastic work. He gained, in 
 that space of time, honors that less intelligent and less enthusiastic pupils wouhl 
 have taken four or five ye.us to win. Reaching New Orleans in company with the 
 family of Professor Alexander Dimitiy, his kinsman by marriage, lie, for some 
 years, actively engaged in teaching. So positive were the intellectual traits which 
 he displayed in that duty, that, in 1817, he was tlie recipient of the high compli- 
 ment of being called to the editorial chair of the LoniHinna Courier. He secured, 
 from the outset, a notable position among the wiiters of a city then famous for the 
 ability of its Journalists. It was about tiiis i)eriod that he began to develope that 
 devotion to matters connected with Public Education in Louisiana, which must 
 remain inseparably associated with his name. His was no spasmodic devotion — 
 quickly born, as quickly dying. It rose and strengthened through successive 
 grades of employment, gratuitously filled, in the public schools ol the city of New 
 Orleans. 
 
 After the war, Mr. Lusher, to whom during its continuance, had been confided 
 important aud delicate trusts by the Confederate Government, returned to the 
 field which had been left, ungarnered. 
 
 In 18()5, he was elected State Superintendent of Public Education by the 
 people, who recognized his civic virtues aud his exalted fitness for the personal 
 supervision of a great and wide-spreading system of poj)ular schools. In Novem- 
 ber, 1807, he was removed by General Mower, as being "an impediment to Recon- 
 struction." General Hancock, assuming charge of the Military Department, 
 restored him. 
 
176 
 
 NIJW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Meeting, later, Eev. Barnas Sears, the enlightened and venerable General 
 Agent of the Peabody Fund, he was offered the position ot Agent for Louisiana. 
 With this nieetiijg, began that earnest, unseltivsh, interest which Mr. Lusher has 
 ever since taken in the effectual ai)plieation of that Fund to the educational 
 advancement of this State. Mr. Peabody's bequest represents one great philan- 
 throiiy. Mr. Liusher's untiring devotion to its success may not impropt-rly be 
 classed as another. In 1808, he declined a re-nomination as State Superintendent. 
 In 1872, the i)eople, never tii-ed of doing honor to a faithful servant, re-nominated 
 him. This nomination was not declined. He Avas elected; but — from political 
 reasons, too well known — he did not, except for a few days, exercise the functions 
 
 of the otitice. Again, in 1876, the people wanted hiin. They again elected him. 
 This election, fortunately, was tinal ; and, at last, after a delay of eight years, the 
 educational interests of the State are maintained by one whose life has been a 
 unit in its fidelity to them. 
 
 Among her many patriotic citizens, whom a brighter political destiny has 
 brought once more into prominence, Louisiana, redeemed, has none who, through 
 a career of active and honorable effort, has been truer to her glory; truer to his 
 own dignity ; truer to the maintenance of great principles, than Robert Mills 
 Lusher. 
 
 PEABODY HIGH SCHOOL 
 
 This excellent Young Ladies' Academy, No. 304 St. Andrew street, is under 
 the direction and supervision of Mrs. Kate R. Shaw, whose name has long been 
 familiar to all interested in the cause of education. All the branches of a thorough 
 English education, with French, German, Music, are taught by a corps of teachers 
 carefully selected for their erudition, refinement and ability. 
 
 Mrs. Shaw is a judicious disciplinarian, thoroughly fitted by both education 
 and experience for her arduous duties, and the wide popularity of her school is am- 
 ple evidence of her ability and success. 
 
EDUCATIONAL. 177 
 
 ALEXANDER DIMITRY, L L.D. 
 
 Alexander Dimitry was bom in tliis city, on tlie Ttli of Fobrnnry, 1805. He 
 comes from a stock both trnly classic and trnly American. The ancient blood of 
 Greece and the abori^^inal blood of America run par.illel in his veins. His .ui^antic 
 mind had its cradle, from the old classi(;al days, alon.i;- the sliores of the JE.nean. 
 The cradle of his robust body had once s\vnn;;"on tlie banks of the Alabama liivcr. 
 This combination may well serve to explain the elements, otherwise antagonistic, 
 in the organization of this remarkable iinin. 
 
 Alexander Dimitry was born of parents not lacking the np])liances of Avoalth. 
 His first lessons were received in his father's house. Hf subsequently attended 
 the school of Henry P. Nugent, an Irish patriot of '!)8. After two years there, he 
 became a stndent of the Academy of Rev. James J. Hnll, noted in that day. When 
 15 years of age, already a marked scholar, trained by careful teachers, he was sent 
 to that famous seminary, Georgetown College — now known as tlui University of 
 Georgetown. There, his future glory was pres;iged. The lute Alfred Hennen had 
 sent out, with his departure from New Orleans, an auspicious wonl of prophec.y. 
 After six years of triumphant study, under the Jesuit Fathers of Georgetown, that 
 word was verified, by the high commendation of President John Qnincy Adams, 
 himself a scholar. On the day of that verification, the highest honors accessible 
 in the college, were accorded to him. 
 
 Returning to his native city, Dimitry — then a young man just having passed 
 his majority — studied law in conjunction with his friend Christian Roselius, in the 
 ofiflce of Messrs. Workman and Davezac. There were hopes that he wouhl follow 
 that noble i^rofession. But the stars spoke to him as clearly as Egeria s[»o.ce to 
 Numa Pompilius. He had studied Law carefully ami conscientiously. But Dimitr3^ 
 did not find his vocation therein. His ambition turned to the honors and respon- 
 sibilities of teaching. He did not long Jack an opportunity to seize them. 
 
 The college at Baton Rouge needed an instructor. Tiiey called upon our 
 young jurisconsult. He responded — a lofty teacher of a type unknown at that 
 day, and, we fear, not to be found at this. 
 
 Here he stayed over two years. He had secured his object. Wise in Justi- 
 nian and in Blackstone, he sought the honors of Aristotle and Dr. Person. 
 
 While still at the college, an advantageous otter from Messrs. Bayon and 
 Delaup — Proprietors of the venerable L^AlJtiUe dc la NoitvcUc-Oihaiis — to buy a 
 share in it was accepted. After his ui.ion with the paper, it was, for the first 
 time, given an English face. Going actixely to work, the new ])artner, then but 27 
 years of age, became the first English Editor of the Ucc. This makes him the 
 Dean of the Editorial Fraternity of New Orleans. 
 
 Removing to Washington, he married Miss I\lary Mills, daughter of Robert 
 Mills, Esq., the most eminent of American Architects. 
 
 In 1835, upon a re-organization of the Post Office Departnicnt, Post Master 
 General Kendall invited him to take the ])osition of ])rincJi)al clerk of a section of 
 mail contract in the South Western part of tlM^ Uiii'ed States, 
 
 In 1839, he was appointed the Se(;ret:n'y of the Bilingual Commission to settle 
 contested claims between the United States ami Mcxiiro. Here his woiiderftd grasp 
 of language became first known in the cai)itol of the country, ami from there it 
 spread throughout the limits of the Republic. 
 
 In 1842 Mr. Dimitry returned to his native State, when he founded a college 
 in the Parish of St. Charles. From the quiet usefulness of that Institution, he 
 was called upon to assume the position of Su])eriiitendent of Public Si-hools in the 
 old Third Municipality of New Orleans. In fultilling the duties of tinit position, 
 he gave an impetus to Public Education in the chief city, wliich was soon echoed 
 in the State. The question became a leading one in the General Assembly. That 
 body, upon a statement prepared by .Air. Dimitry, established a gener.d system, and 
 appointed that gentleman the fii'st State Superintendent of Public Education for 
 Louisiana. 
 
 Mr. Dimitry remained at the head of this system sufficiently long to establish 
 it upon a firm and beneficent basis. His labors were not without the best of 
 
 23 
 
ns 
 
 NEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 fruit. When he left the State to visit Washington City, the tree of education 
 ]»lanted by him was spreading- its branches wide over every Parish within its 
 limits. It is, to this day, fresh and shade-giving, under the administration of his 
 able, patriotic and self-sacrificing successor, Robert M. Lusher. 
 
 Called in 1854, to Washington City by Cov. Marcy — then Secretary of State — 
 to enter the State Department, Mr. Dimitry was, before he could assume his new 
 duties, unexpectedly offered by President Pierce the i^osition of a Commissioner 
 under a resolution of the United States Senate, to examine and revise the deci- 
 sions and awards of the United States Commissioners, under the New Bchota 
 Treaty (including the removal of the Creeks and Choctaws from their old homes.) 
 This proved a work of laborious investigation, requiring unwearying analyses, 
 which he performed with rare ability, equaled only by the care of a scholar and 
 the accuracy of a statist. These labors ended, his old friend Gov. Marcy insisted 
 upon his compliance with his original request for his assistance in the State 
 Department. From 1855 to 1850, Mr. Dimitry took charge of a Bureau of Trans- 
 
 ^^-;^^^:^;^ ,,^^^2^%^'^ 
 
 lation of the diplomatic correspondence of foreign Governments with that of the 
 United States. His Bureaushij) was held under the Administrations of President 
 Pierce and Buchanan. The " Translator" had proved himself a statesman strong 
 in acumen, irresistible in precedent. He had discussed International Law with 
 two Secretaries of State — the bluff, but powerful, Marcy ; the suave, but ingenious, 
 Cass. He had charmed foreign Ministers, while amazing them, by his knowledge 
 of languages and of Courts. President Buchanan thought the mission of Central 
 America opened a field for so rare a combination of diplomatic knowledge and 
 social ta<;t. In 1859, a dirty international washing — rising from Gen. Walker's 
 ill-considered worship for the "American Eagle"— was still to be done and ironed. 
 Mr. Dimitry was, ui)on the return of Gen. Mirabeau B. Lamar, appointed by the 
 President as Minister Resident and Plenipotentiary ad hoc to ( -entral America. 
 Minister Dimitry returned to the United States at the beginning of the civil 
 
EDUCATIONAL. 170 
 
 war. His sympathies turned towards his native South. His love flowed out to 
 those ranks of struggling' heroes, which embraced, among tliem, sons and nephews. 
 During those four unhappy years, he accepted the position of Chief of the Finance 
 Bureau of the Post Office Department of the Confederate States. 
 
 With the war ended this office. For some years afterwards, he remained in 
 Brooklyn, New York. But Dimitry was already an old man. He yearned for the 
 Southern air, which he had first inhaled in lungs, vigorous even then. He returned 
 with his fiimily to New Orleans, where, with the exception of a residence of a few 
 years at Pass Christian, he still remains. 
 
 With this, ends a sketch of the events connected with the active life of a 
 champion, in the highest sense, of Humanity. 
 
 In one resj^ect, the reputation of Dimitry is national. As a philologist and a 
 linguist, he is acknowledged to be su|)reme from the lumber grounds of Maine to 
 the seal-rocks of the Pacific. To limit, however, such a man to these two powers 
 would be to confine Art in ancient Kome to the Forum. Or, in ancient Athens, to 
 restrict it to the Agora. Beyond the Forum rose the Pantheon. Above the ruins 
 of the Agora, are still to be seen the stately, although mutilated, columns of the 
 Parthenon. 
 
 Beyond philology and the languages, Alexander Dimitry is one whom we 
 would call, essentially, a worker among men. All his studies — vast, as they have 
 been in compass ; vaster still, in the lessons of inestimable utility, which he has 
 drawn from those studies — have been consistently applied to a humanitarian end. 
 When still young, he had proposed to himself, as a mission, inferior in sacredness 
 only to that of the Church, that which claims the exercise of the highest human 
 powers. His ground once taken, he never swerved. He asserted the lofty claims 
 of material Progress, mated with Education, in the journals; in the magazines; 
 in lectures ; in speeches. Better still, he put his own hand to the plough. He 
 showed the people, clinging to obsolete methods, how the fields of Education could, 
 with proper systematic plowing, be made to produce a crop of new ideas, that 
 would make their cliildren better citizens than they had been, or were then. Dim 
 itry never learned that alphabet of mediocrity in Huiuanitariauism, which drones 
 out vaguely: go and do what you ought to do. He spoke out boldly, crisply : do as 
 you see me do. From him, men then clearly saw how that great work, which is to 
 benefit their future generations, was to be done. Many of thein have not forgot- 
 ten the lesson, to this day. 
 
 Not in Education alone, however, did Dimitry seek his " Dordona oak," behind 
 which to utter truths, made oracular by the sjurit of prophecy. 
 
 On the hustings, too, he found an opijortunity to instruct the people, whom he 
 had so long loved, because he, more than others, had always understood the l)Ound- 
 less possibilities that belong to the people. It was during the hotly-contested 
 presidential campaign of 1848, that Dimitry rose to astonish his native city. The 
 people knew of him as a scholar. But they did not know how profoundly that 
 scholar had gauged the mysteries of governments and the origins of races. They 
 spoke of him as a teacher. But no one had thought the master of books was, 
 also, a master in the school of the Kichelieus, made brilliant by the crafty wisdom 
 of the Machiavellis. and crowned by a familiarity with the truest republican fore- 
 castings of the Jeffersons. 
 
 A new voice was heard in New Orleans. A voice, it was, deep as it was 
 majestic ; as majestic as it was electrical. A voice, too, it was that revealed the 
 secrets of the forefathers of the world, in language so simple and direct, as to 
 touch the hearts, and fortify the patriotism, of cotemporaries. None but born 
 Tribunes, we take it, enthuse their own generations and arouse those succeeding. 
 Dimitry is one of that lofty circle. 
 
 Demosthenes was what we may call a Tribune for Greece. " Peter the Her- 
 mit" was a Tribune for Christendom. Ilienzi, during his fitful reign, was a Roman 
 Tribune, of the days when Rome had ceased to produce, save him, patriots. Mira- 
 beaiT was a Tribune for a Kingdom, rotten with old age, after he had already been 
 one for a Republic, diseased in its cradle. Dimitry may claim fraternity with them 
 all, in their best moments, inspired by their loftiest themes. Each in his style. 
 
180 KUW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 seems reproduced in Louisiana's Orator. At" Lis best, lie equals them all. He 
 imitates none. 
 
 Many-sided, llien, \vonld seem to be the jiro^ier word to indicate our subject. 
 If so, the indications are coirect. As iiill of varied ])owers as the "Admirable 
 Cricliton," lie lias not reached his ^■encrab]e years without gaining- that wisdom, 
 which retired so coyly from that as])iring youth. He is a master in Logic, His- 
 tory, Politics, Law, IJcligion and IMctaiihysics, fitted to have drawn his sword in 
 Crichton's days at Padua, or before the gray-beards of Bologna. He wields a 
 sword of ridicule tliat, in a potent and broaclly-laughiiig good nature, has, through 
 him, not died with Pabelais. He hurls a lance of sarcasm, poisoned and wither- 
 ing, that he has caught from the hands of Voltaire. He is an antagonist to be 
 avoided in debate, while he can charm a circle of diners, with a table talk, un- 
 happily yet unwritten. Among us moderns, there are four great table-talkers. 
 Eogers, Samuel Ta\ lor Coleridge, and Sidney Smith have, each, provided his own 
 memoirs of witticisms, jests, rejiartees — that ha])py family that only, now and then, 
 survive tiie riots of the feast. Another Samuel — a mighty man he — had his Bos- 
 well. The BosM'ells are rare alter the tlagellatiou by Macaulay. Dimitry should 
 flagellate them anew into existence — for the sake of a new table-eloquence. 
 
 A question may well be asked here: AVho among the world's professed "table- 
 talkers" could rise from their scats to " mass oysters with truffles ;" or to higorrer 
 ducks with oranges; or to boil hams in Madeira; or to fashion a Maccdoine (PAh- 
 ricots ; or to finish oil' those monuments to high Louisiana cookery, a Creole Gomho, 
 or a genuine Bl^qnef And, then returning from fire, and from smoke, to keep the 
 table, amid the heavy wines toA^alds the end, amazed at the multiplications of 
 powers existing in a single man — a talker equal to Chesterfield; a Grecian equal 
 to Bodley ; a statesman as wise as Calhoun ; and a cook, to practise the Art in a 
 style to have charmed Brillat Savarin himsell^ — the immortal author of a Physi- 
 ologic (le (jinil — who, by the way, never cooked a dish. 
 
 Here, in a scene, at which few scholars can shine, we take our leave of a great 
 man, whose studies, more by night than by day, have dimmed the eyes, which once 
 would have out-gazed the eagle's. The body, once as strong as Sampson's still re- 
 mains firm among us; and, happily, the mighty brain stands erect to forecast, 
 with the eyes of patriotic prophecy, the future of Lis native State. 
 
 JOHN DIMITRY 
 
 Is the eldest son of Prof. Alexander Dimitry. He was born in Washington City, 
 I). C, December 27th. 1^35. He was educated by his distinguished father, and 
 the Hon. P. JM. Lusher, both of whom are eminently able instructors. 
 
 At 17 years of age, Mr. Dimitry obtained a ])osition in the ottice of the Attor- 
 ney Geneial of the Uniteil States, which he resigned in 1859, to accompany as 
 Secretary of Legation, his father, the United States Minister to Central America. 
 Mr. Dimitry returned to the United States in 1801, after the beginning of hostili- 
 ties between the States. He crossea the lines; hastened to New Orleans; and 
 joined the Crescent Pegiment of Louisiana Volunteers. In April, 1862, he was 
 seriously wounded at the battle of Shiloh. Having been honorably discharged 
 from the army, he was api)ointed, in 1804, to the Chief Clerkship of the Confed- 
 erate Post Oltice Department. 
 
 After the war, j\Ir. Dimitry resumed the struggle of life in New Orleans. He 
 was, for a time, engaged in teaching. About the same period, he delivered a 
 course of brilliant lectures on English Literature at theLoequet Institute — lectures 
 which, it is to be trusted, may yet be published in book form. Becoming, shortly 
 after this, an Associate Editor of the New^ Orleans Times, his reputation as a 
 dramatic critic and a literary writer was Avidely disseminated. While connected 
 with that journal, he visited 'Europe, during which trip he addressed a series of 
 letters to the " Times," which gave evidence of enlightened observation and marked 
 powei's of desciiiJtiou. 
 
EDUCATIONAL. 
 
 181 
 
 Before this (in ISGo) bad a])po{irod, nnoii.ymoiisly, an inscription placed npon 
 the teniporaiy tomb of tlielatc Coii'I. Albeil Sidney Johnston, in the St. Lonie 
 Cemetery of this cily. ^\y. Diinilry A\as soon leco^nizi'd as the anthor of ths 
 epitaph — since become so famous. — Tlie memorial uas cir(;ulated widely, both 
 North and South. It crossed the Atlantic and ^vas jmblished in pnnninent Eng- 
 lish journals. It was translated in French journals. It appears in Southern 
 Memorial volumes. And, alter those uandeiin.iis thioujLili which the words, des- 
 tined to live, are com])elled to pass, it has been classed by good judges as the 
 finest piece of elegiac wiiting — confessedly the most ditticult form of composition 
 — extant in the English hingmige. Mr. Dimitiy's ei)itai)h on "Stonewall Jackson" 
 — published some years later — might rest upon the same high plane. It displays 
 the same i)ower of sketching, with a few strojig touches, the colossal proportions 
 of an heroic character. In this special line, Mr. Dimitry is admitted to be without 
 equal. 
 
 In 1807, Mr. Dimitry was honored by Georgetown College with the degree of 
 
 "Master of Arts." In 1871, he was united in marriage with Miss A<lelaide Stuart, 
 the elder daughter of Col. O. J. E. Stuart, of Mississippi. In 1871', he removed to 
 New York where he was, for a tiuK'. etlitorially associated with the press. The 
 following year, he accei)t('d the i)rofcssorslii}) in the Colcfjio de iJaldas in South 
 America. This ])osition, however, he was compelled to resign on account of the 
 deleterious elfectof a tropical climate on the health of his wife. 
 
 Returning to New Orleans in 1<S7(), he enteied with vigor upon the execution 
 of a design, long contemi)lated and of great importance. Believing that the surest 
 foundation of State greatness is State pride, which can be best developed by mak- 
 ing the youth of each State familiar with its history, and that a series of histories 
 of the Southei'n States was the crying Mant of tlieir rising generations, he de- 
 tieinjoji'od to »vqjply it. Mi-. Dimitiy luui boon tiio pioneer iu tliiij field. 
 
182 
 
 N'EW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 His '' History of Louisiana " for the use of Schools is the first book, in Eng- 
 lish, upon the subject. Its publication Avas, in its^^lf, a revelation. It showed 
 how closely a deeii thinker and a writer of singulaily literary and critical powers 
 could so identify himself with children as to reach their level without effort — in 
 other words, how he succeeded in making- to their minds an accurate history read, 
 in every page, like a story-book. Tlmt has been the success of this history. It 
 will become — as it is rapidly becoming— the guule-book of Louisiana youth, both 
 in knoAvledge and ])atriotism. 
 
 Mr. Dimitry's style as a writer is a rare cond>ination of terseness and strength. 
 In this terseness, marked by elegance, he is decidedly French. In a substantial 
 strength, which enables him to grapple, successfully, with the formidable conden- 
 sations of the epitaph, an<l witli the strong simplicity of History, he may be re- 
 garded as thoroughly English. 
 
 Mr. Dimitry is emphatically a rising author. He looks to the highest honors, 
 and he has already proved that he is capable of reaching them. 
 
 ALBERT C. BABCOCK 
 
 Among the quiet but hard-working and eminently useful members of the late 
 Constitutional Convention, maybe classed the gentleman, whose name heads this 
 article. 
 
 Albert C. Babcock is still a young man. Pie was born in Trenton, Oneida 
 county, in the State of New York. A\ hen a child of seven years, his parents moved 
 to Wisconsin. There, in the broad spacer of^he West, he became, while still 
 young, practieally 'acquainted with farming. At the age of seventeen years; he 
 
11 
 
 COURTIS. 
 
 183 
 
 was sent to Kilgore Uuiversity, situated at Madison, Wis. After closing his 
 studies there, he resumed fanning. In this pursuit he showed at once zeal, energy 
 and intelligence. But the great civil war canity to call out all the young men on 
 both sides of Mason and Dixon's line. Young Babcock — scarcely of age — respond- 
 ed to the call. He enlisted as ])rirate in the Thirty-Third Wisconsin Infantry. He 
 served throughout the war. When mustered out at Xew Orleans (to which point 
 he had been ordered on detached service) he had been i)romoted from Private to 
 Lieutenant. 
 
 In October, 1865, Mr. Babcock received the appointment of Assistant Superin- 
 tendent of Education in the Freedman's Bureau. 
 
 In 1867, he settled permanently in the Parish of St. John the Baptist, which 
 he had, more than ojice, officially visited. He had become Deputy Clerk of the 
 District Court. Under the Constitution of 18(»8, he was elected by the people to 
 the same position. In that office he has continued since 1867 — a holding, as unin- 
 terrupted as it is honorable to any man, of full twelve years. In the same year, 
 Mr. Babcock became connected with the Public Schools of the Parish. He was 
 then — and is still — a Director of the Parish Scliool Board. Since the inauguration 
 of the i)resent Administration, he has filled, with ability and satisfaction, the 
 responsible duties of the Secretaryship of the Board. 
 
 In politics, Mr. Babcock is classed as a liberal Republican. He was elected, 
 without opposition, a Delegate to the Constitutional Convention. He is a 
 thoroughly useful and progressive citizen of St. John, and enjoys the confidence of 
 the best elements of both parties. 
 
 -^- 
 
 -^ 
 
 United States Circuit Coukt — W. B. Woods, Judge ; F. A. Woolfley, 
 Clerk ; Custom House building. 
 
 United States Commissioners' Court — ^W. G, Lane, Judge ; Custom House 
 building. 
 
 United States District Attorney — Albert H. Leonard, Attorney; .1. W. 
 Gurley, Assistant Attorney ; Custom House building. 
 
 United States District Court — E, C. Billings, Judge ; John Devonshire, 
 Clerk ; Custom House building. 
 
 United States Marshal — .lack Wharton; Deputies, E. S. Wurzburger, 
 Jesse Wharton, W. G. Elliot, B. C. Shortridge, C. R. Steele ; Messenger, Joseph 
 F. Gaiennie ; Custom House building. 
 
 United States Commissioners — F. A. Wooltiey, K. Loen, F. B. Vinot, Em- 
 met D. Craig, John Augustin, J. A. Quintero and W. G. Lane. 
 
 Supreme Court, State op Louisiana — Courthouse, Chartres street oppo- 
 site Jackson Square. Hon. T. C. Manning, Chief Justice ; Hons. R. H. Marr, W. 
 B. Spencer, Alcibiades DeBlanc, and Edward D. White, Associate Justices ; Al- 
 fred Roman, Clerk. 
 
184 N^UW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATE I). 
 
 Superior Criminal Court — Wnj. R. Whitaker, Jiid.ae ; Eiig. May, Clerk. 
 
 First District Court — Edmund Abtdl, Jad^e; Jus. O'Xeill, Clerk. 
 
 Second District Court — A. L. Tissnt, Jnd.ye ; Jiio. Herbert, Clerk. 
 
 Third District Court — Frank A. Monroe, Judge; Benjamin Armbruster, 
 Clerk. 
 
 Fourth District Court — W. T. Houston, Judge; John Curry, Clerk. 
 
 Fifth District Court — W, H. Rogers, Judge ; Tlionias Duffy, Clerk. 
 
 Sixth District Court — N. H. Rightor, Judge; J. V. Guillotte, Clerk. 
 
 Second Judicial District Court, Parisli of Jefferson — Carrollton Avenue, 
 between Hanipson and Second streets, Seventh District. Don A. Pardee, Judge; 
 W, G. McConnell, Clerk ; A. G. Price, District Attorney. 
 
 First Recorder's Court — Ofitice Davidson's Court, Carondelet street. M. 
 J. Sheehan, Judge ; A. ]). Henriques, Clerk. 
 
 Second Recorder's Court — Office corner St. Peter and Chartres streets, 
 Ernest Miltenberger, Judge ; Louis Aiiiauld, Clerk. 
 
 First Justice's Court — 158 Julia street. W. J. McCall, Justice; John 
 Fougo, Clerk ; John Hurley, Constable. 
 
 Second Justice's Court — 31 Commercial Place. Wynn Rogers, Justice ; 
 Robert Atkinson, Clerk; Robert Barnes, Constable. 
 
 Third Justice's Court — 31 Exchange Place. Theodule Buisson, Justice ; 
 Arthur Moreno, Cleik : Stephen Kennair, Constable. 
 
 Fourth Justice's Court — 7 Fienchmen street. John Cain, Justice. 
 
 Fifth Justice's Court — Villere, between Seguin and Bartholomew streets, 
 5th District. William Sarrazin, Justice. 
 
 Sixth Justice's Court— 570 Magazine street. P. Kenny, Justice; John 
 Krieger, Clerk; Jos. Krieger, Constable. 
 
 Seventh Justice's Court — 008 Magazine street. Isaac W. Falls, Justice; 
 Wm. Moylan, Clerk; Fred. Geis, Constable. 
 
 Eighth Justice's Court — Carrollton Courthouse, 7th District. Arthur J. 
 Roman, Justice ; Philip Mitchel, Constable. 
 
 ROBERT HARDIN MARR. 
 
 This gentleman, endeared to the i)eople of Louisiana, by his bold and manly 
 cjurse in opposition to the Kellogg usurpation, and his long and consistent eftbrts 
 to restore constitutional goveriruent to our State, was born in Clarksville, Mont- 
 gomery county, Tennessee, 29Mi October, 1810. 
 
 His father was Peter Nicholas Marr, son of John Marr and Susan Perkins, of 
 Henry County, Virginia. His mother was Ann Goodloe Hinton, daughter of Kim- 
 brough Hinton, of Wade Forest, North Carolina, and Letitia Harper, who was a 
 sister of Robert Goodloe Harper. 
 
 Judge Marr attended the school of his maternal uncle, Mr. John H. Hinton, 
 near Clarksville, and afterwards entered the Junior class at the Nashville Univer- 
 sity, from which institution he took his d(>gree in October, 1838. 
 
 He immediately commenced the study of law, under the direction of his father, 
 who though not a ])rofessional lawyer, was well re.ul in Elementary and Statute 
 law. From his father he inherited the most profound respect for the Constitution 
 of the United States, and admiration for the wise and patriotic men by whom it 
 was framed. 
 
COURTS. 
 
 185 
 
 Judge Marr was admitted to the Bar early in 1S41, and ijracticed his profes- 
 sion first at Hicliman, and afterwards at Salein and Princeton, Ky. 
 
 He took an activ^e part in the Presidential contest of 1844, as assistant elector 
 in his district, and edited the " Princeton Examiner," advocating with ability and 
 zeal the candidature of Henry Olay. 
 
 He removed to Louisiana in May, 1845, and was admitted to the Bar in Feb- 
 ruary, 1846, by the Court over which Judge Martin presided. 
 
 In February, 1850, he married Miss Mary Eliza Jane Marr, daughter of Wm. M. 
 Marr, his paternal uncle, of Tuscaloosa, Ala. He continued his residence in New 
 Orleans, practicing his profession, and took no part in politics, beyond an occa- 
 sional newspaper article, and voting at every election, until 1860, when he can- 
 vassed North Louisiana for Bell and Everett, Whig candidates for the Presidency 
 and Vice-Presidency. 
 
 He was opposed to the separate secession of the States, and by his writing 
 and speeches favored what was termed " Cooperation," but when Louisiana 
 
 seceeded, he went with his State. Born and educated in a Southern State, of 
 Southern born parents, his every feeling and interest were with his fellow citizens, 
 and he gave his heartiest sympathies to the Confederate cause. Prevented by 
 feeble health from taking au active part in the war, Judge Marr aided the South- 
 ern cause by every influence iu his power. When the Federal forces took the 
 city, with that fearless independence which has ev^er marked his course, when 
 battling for that which he deemed riglit, he refused to take the Oath of Allegiance, 
 and in May, 1863, was expelled with the registered enemies. 
 
 At the close of the war he returned to New Orleans, and resumed his i)rofes- 
 sional labors. In November, 1865, he went to Washington to attack the " Law- 
 yer's Test Oath," by which Southern members of the Bar were excluded from 
 practicing in the Federal Courts. To his exertions, was largely due, the decision 
 
 24 
 
186 NEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 which was readered in -laiiuary, 1807, wliich opened the Bar of the Federal Courts 
 to Southern hiwyers. 
 
 Judge Marr took uo part in public affairs until 1872, when he supported the 
 McEnery ticket. In August, 1S73, he was chosen chairman of the Couiuiittee of 
 Seventy, and in December of that year, went to Washington, where, in conjunc- 
 tion with Hon. H. N. Og'den, uow Attorney General of Louisiana, he argued be- 
 fore the Senate Committee on Privileges and Elections, against the claims of P. B. 
 S. Pinchback, to a seat in the United States Senate. He remained in Washington 
 several months, endeavoring to have the McEnery Government recognized by the 
 action of the Senate. 
 
 On his return, he took an active part in the trial of the Grant Parish pris- 
 oners in the United States Circuit Court. 
 
 In August, 1871, he was President of the Democratic and Conservative State 
 Convention which met at Baton Eouge, and as Chairman of the State Central 
 Committee, took an active i)art in the canvass of that year. He was recognized 
 by the people as a bold, fearless and outspoken counsellor, and to his eloquent 
 denunciations of the lawless usurpations of the Kellogg party, was due, in a large 
 measure, the uprising of the people on the 14th of September, 1874, and the con- 
 sequent overthrow of the Kellogg Government. 
 
 In March, 1875, Judge Marr argued the case of the Grant Parish prisoners 
 before the Supreme Court of the United States. 
 
 In 1876 he was a member of the National Conveution which nominated Hon. 
 S. J. Tilden, and he was Vice President of the State Convention that nominated 
 General Francis T. Nicholls for Governor of Louisiana, and he took an active part 
 in the canvass which followed. 
 
 On the inauguration of Governor Mcholls in January, 1877, he was appointed 
 one of the Justices of the Supreme Court of Louisiana, a position which he still 
 continues to fill with that refinement, dignity, ability and integrity, which have 
 ever marked his career, and have gained for him the unbounded confidence, and 
 warmest respect and esteem, of all classes of his fellow-citizens. 
 
 WALTER HENRY ROGERS. 
 
 This able lawyer, son of Owen Wynne Grey Rogers and Jane Eastman Car- 
 ter, was born in New Orleans October 13th, 1843. 
 
 He is of Irish descent by his father's side, English by his mother's, and num- 
 bers among his paternal ancestors many who were distinguished for valor and 
 high x^ositions in the military service of England. 
 
 Judge Eogers graduated from the High School of this city in 18()(), and soon 
 afterwards commenced the study of law, under the direction of Jas. McConnell, 
 Esquire. 
 
 In 1866, he received the degree of L. L. B., from the University of Louisiana, 
 and at once commenced the practice of his profession, in which, although still a 
 young man, he has gained distinction as a logical and ijenetrative jurist, who 
 seldom fails in establishing a point for which he contends. 
 
 He left this city for Confederate service, with the first company that left the 
 State, under command of Col. Chas. D. Dreux, who wag killed in Virginia, July 
 5th, 1861, and served in Virginia and in the Army of Tennessee, in the famous 
 Fenner's Battery. 
 
 After the engagement at Jackson, Miss., Judge Rogers was appointed on the 
 Military Court attached to the staff of Gen. J. E. Johnston, and subsequently to 
 those of Gf^ns. Polk, Stewart and Taylor, and followed the fortunes of the Con- 
 federacy through four years of hope and depression, victory and defeat ; until the 
 struggle for Southern independence became a " lost cause," when he was paroled 
 at Meridian, Miss., May 10th, 1865. 
 
 In 1867, Judge Rogers was married to Miss Elizabeth J. Goulet, of North 
 Carolina., a great granddaugther of Col. Edward Buncombe, celebrated as Colonel 
 
COURTS. 
 
 187 
 
 of the 5th North Carolina Eegiment in the war of the Revolution, and who lost 
 his life in the battle of Germantown. 
 
 Few lawyers of his years have ever presented greater claims to the confidence 
 and esteem of the Bar than has the subject of this sketch, while his acknowledged 
 honor, integrity and ability have won for him the favor and reliance of his clients, 
 and the community at large; facts which have been testified to by the prominent 
 positions of trust and respectability he has been so often called to fill, in all of 
 which, he has discharged his duties with so much proficiency and singleness of 
 purpose as to gain, in each instance, a higher degree of respect and trust from his 
 associates and constituents. 
 
 He was called to the General Assembly in I860, and later, was as a member 
 of the Board of School Directors of this city, holding the responsible position of 
 Chairman of the Committee on Teachers. 
 
 Judge Rogers is Democratic in ijolitics, and supports the policy of that 
 party. 
 
 In 1876 he was elected, by a fiattering majority, Judge of the Fifth District 
 Court for a term of four years, which position he, at i)resent, fills with his usual 
 energy and administrative ability. 
 
 Judge Rogers is a student by taste and habit, aiul has not allowed the rich 
 stores of his education to rust from neglect. He is the possessor of a fine law and 
 standard library, and devotes the leisure hours of each day to library pursuits. 
 
 In mind he is clear, orderly and didactic ; in conversation elevated and lofty, 
 without the slightest taint of pedenfcry or blatant demogogism ; in manner, pleasing 
 and dignified, leaning rather to the elegant courtesy of the old school gentleman, 
 than the more demonstrative customs of the new ; in friendship he is reliable and 
 sincere ; while in social circles he is always a welcome and appreciated guest, one 
 with whom all are glad to meet, but loth to part ; in fact Judge AValter Henry 
 Rogers is fast achieving that success, socially and politically, which is "sure to 
 crown the labors of courageous and persevering men. 
 
188 
 
 NEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 GEORGE HORACE BRAUGHN. 
 
 This well-known gentleuiaii aud able jurist, was bom in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 
 1837, and is an instructive example of what energy and perseverance, when ac- 
 companied by intellect and honorable ambition, may accomplish, although their 
 possessor may be placed in unfortuitous circumstances. 
 
 He attended, for a short time, St. Joseph's College, in his native city, pre- 
 vious to his leaving for New Orleans in 1810. Like many others, who are the 
 builders of their own fortunes, Mr. Braughn was compelled to seek work at once, 
 and found employment in the house of McGregor, Alloway & Co., and later, with 
 H. W. Reynolds & Co.; and, as he had no time for study during the day, attended 
 school at night,; pursuing his studies with the same earnestness and ardor which 
 has ever characterized his undertakings. From 1858 till 1861, he read law under 
 Judge Mortimer M. Reynolds. 
 
 Among the first to don the grey, when the tocsin of war alarmed the land, 
 was young Braughn, who joined the Crescent Regiment as First Lieutenant of Com- 
 pany G, and four weeks afterwards was made Captain of the company, in which 
 capacity he served the Confederacy until the close of the war, contributing by his 
 patience, daring and bravery, his full quota to the enviable glory gained by the 
 Crescent Regiment, one of the best in the Southern army. 
 
 Shortly after his return to New Orleans, Judge Braughn married an estimable 
 and accomplished lady of this city, a daughter of Edward Simon, formerly on the 
 supreme bench with Judges Martin, ^Morphy, Rosr, Eustis and others. 
 
 In 1865 he was admitted to the ]3ar of Louisiana, aud in 1866 was elected 
 Judge 6t th© 8etwnd Justice's Coiirt^ a.ud^ in lbC8. tc th« Stat© Senate^ bis term 
 
\ 
 
 COURTS, 189 
 
 expiring in 1870. He was, for a time, Judge of the Superior Criminal Court, but 
 was removed by Kellogg, in 1875, for refusing to act in harmony with the Kellogg 
 administration, which act, on the part of the so-called Governor of the State of 
 Louisiana, was much commented on, and condemned by not only our local news- 
 papers but by the press throughout the entire country, as "an arbitrary and spite- 
 ful show of power," the high standing and well-known rectitude and ability of 
 Judge Braughu serving to make the removal even more obnoxious and unjust to the 
 people than any of Kellogg's preceding actions in such matters. 
 
 Judge Braughu also held, for eighteen months, the j)osition of Assistant 
 Attorney General of Louisiana, and during the time of his service in that oftice, 
 believing that not to punish crime was to encourage it, procured more convictions 
 in capital cases, than any Attorney General ever had before. 
 
 His business standing is among the highest, most trustworthy and best, the 
 many honorable and responsible positions which he holds giving evidences of the 
 confidence placed in his abilities. He is attorney of the Germania National Bank, 
 Metropolitan Bank, and Germania and the People's Insurance ComiJanies ; he has 
 for years been President of the Young Men's Benevolent Association, one of our 
 best and most successful charitable organizati :ns ; was for some years Vice-Presi- 
 dent of the Firemen's Charitable Association ; for seven years President of the 
 Shakspeare Club, and, it is well known that much of the unbounded success of the 
 grand and royal pageants of His Majesty, the King of the Carnival, is due to his 
 scholarly and refined taste and administrative action. 
 
 Judge Braughu is the senior partner of the law firm of Braughu, Buck & 
 Dinkelspiel. He is known as an eloquent speaker, an erudite and forcible advo- 
 cate, and is distinguished for his attention and devotion to the interests of his 
 many clients. 
 
 JAMES LINGAN. 
 
 This well-known member of the Louisiana Bar is a grandson of Gen. tlames 
 McCiibbin Ivingan, of Montgomery County, Maryland. Shortly before his birth 
 his parents removed from the District of Columbia to New York, where he was 
 born. At au early age, loss of proj)erty and the death of his father threw the 
 subject of this sketch on his own resources. 
 
 He came to New Orleans in 1850 — a boy in ronnd jacket. He studied law, 
 and was about to be admitted to practice when the war came on, and he joined 
 the First Company Crescent Eifies, Captain, afterwards General Gladden, com- 
 manding, and left for Peusacola. Tlie company soon went on to Virginia, and was 
 under the command of General Magruder. After the skirmish on the 4th of July, 
 18G1, in which Col. Charles D. Dreaux was killed, young Lingau was detailed as 
 one of the guard of honor sent home with the body of that lamented ofldcer. 
 While here, Lingau was elected 2d Lieutenant of the Cannon Guards, 11th Regi- 
 ment, Col. S. F. Marks, which joined the Army ot Tennessee, under General Polk, 
 and was the first regiment to cross into Kentucky. After the battle of Belmont 
 he became 1st Lieutenant of his com[)any, and was apponited Brigade Adjutant 
 by Colonel Marks, comnumding as Senior Colonel of Brigade. The 11th Regiment 
 was disbanded prior to the Kentucky campaign, and a battalliou of sharp shooters 
 was organized from men selected from this old regiment, and Lieutenant Lingan 
 became captain of one of the companies. 
 
 After the battles of Chickamauga and Missionary Ridge, the army went into 
 quarters at Dalton, Ga. His company having suffered greatly and being reduced 
 in numbers, at Gen. Polk's request Capt. Lingan was relieved from that army 
 corps by Gen Joe Johnston, and reported to Gen. Polk, who assigned him to duty 
 as Assistant Inspector General on his staff. 
 
 General Polk on rejoining the army in the field was allowed only his personal 
 staff, and Capt. Lingan remained on the staff of that Department, serving under 
 Generals Dabney H. Maury, Stephen D. Lee and Richard Taylor, all of whom 
 recommended hinij in the etixmgest terms, for permanent appointment on staff. 
 
190 
 
 NEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 As no other staff appointineuts were being made, he was ordered to Eichmond 
 as bearer of dispatches, and while there was appointed by the Secretary of War 
 as Assistant Commissioner of Exchange at Kichinond, nuder Col. Robert Quid, 
 which position he tilled nntil the cessation of hostilities. 
 
 When he retnrned fioin the war, he recommenced his studies, and graduated 
 from the University of Louisiana in the class of 1860, and commenced the practice 
 of law in 1808. 
 
 Mr. Lingan has always been an ardent advocate of the people's cause, acting 
 with the Democratic party of which be is an useful and resjtected member. He 
 was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at Baltimore in 1872, and 
 was elected a member of the State Senate on the McEuery ticket. 
 
 He was the leading spirit in organizing the Association of the Army of Ten- 
 nessee, of which Geueral Beauregard was elected President. After serving one 
 year Gen. Beauregard retired from office and Mr. Lingan was elected to succeed 
 him as President. 
 
 Mr. Lingan brings energy and determination to any cause that he espouses, 
 and is therefore a valuable ally. He is a zealous advocate, careful of his client's 
 interests, and by his ability and courtesy has gained an enviable jjosition as an 
 attorney — one who bids fair in the future to earn a name worthy of inscriiition 
 amongst the most illustrious members of the Louisiana Bar. 
 
 G. A. BREAUX. 
 
 Among the many talented men whose erudition, eloquence and profund intel- 
 lects adorn the Bar of Louisiana, none are more respected and esteemed than 
 Colonel Gus. A. Breaux, the senior of the well-known firm of Breaux, Feuner & 
 Hall. 
 
r 
 
 COURTS. 
 
 191 
 
 As a lawyer, lie is noted for his thorough knowledge of every branch of the 
 profession, a constant reader, deep thinker, and carefnl logician ; as an advocate 
 for prompt action and untiring devotion to the interests of his clients, and as a 
 speaker, for extended learning, ready command of language, and an imi)ressive 
 and graceful delivery. 
 
 Although never prominent in politics, Colonel Breaux is an acknowledged 
 leader on all questions of public interests. He was one of the most prominent and 
 
 useful members of the late Convention called together to frame a new Constitu- 
 tion for our State, and his opinions were delivered in a clear, forcible and concise 
 manner, on all of the important subjects brought before that body. 
 
 In social circles Colonel Breaux is a universal favorite. Of dignified and 
 commanding presence, profound or vivacious in conversation as the occasion 
 demands, courteous and pleasant in manners, he commands the respect and esteem 
 of all who enjoy his acquaintance. 
 
 HON. EDWARD SIMON, 
 
 Delegate from the Parish of St. Martin, to the State Convention called to frame a 
 new Constitution, lately sitting in the city of I^ew Orleans, is one of the most 
 intellectual and honorable of the native sons of Louisiana. 
 
 He is over six feet in height, of light complexion, blue eyes, has a somewhat 
 elongated but oval face (always closely shaven), and expressive of a kind and 
 benevolent disposition ; and upon his erect figure he carries, well-poised, a large 
 and symmetrically formed head, covered with an ample suit of grey hair, and indi- 
 cative of great intellectual power. 
 
192 
 
 NJEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 The subject of this brief sketch was born in the town of St. Martinsville, in 
 1826, and is still m the prime of life. His father, the late Hon. Edward Simon, a 
 native of Belgium, was for many years one of the most eminent of the Justices of 
 the Supeme bench of Louisiana. On his mother's side he is descended from a 
 distinguished Philadelphia family, still holding a high social position in that city, 
 and one of the early French settlers ot Louisiana, his great grandfather on the 
 maternal side, having been Commandant of Attakapas County in colonial times. 
 
 With such an ancestry to inspire him with a noble ambition, and being- afforded 
 every facility for acquiring a thorough classical and professional education suited 
 to a strong intellect and an acute moral seuse, he could scarcely fail to reach an 
 enviable distinction in his native State. His collegiate education commenced at 
 Jefferson College, La., was continued at Georgetown College, D. C, and ended at 
 Harvard University, which he entered at eighteen years of age, and pui'sued a 
 
 
 four years' course of law studies under Judge Story, Professors Greenleaf, and 
 Wm. Kent, son of Chancellor Kent, at the same time pursuing a literary course, and 
 where he took his degrees with distinction. 
 
 He was admitted to the Bar of Louisiana in 1848. and in 1853 was appointed 
 Judge of the Fourteenth Judicial District by Governor Walker ; in 1858 was elected 
 to the same office, re-elected in 18()L, and again re-elected in 1805, when, shortly 
 thereafter, he was displaced by the usurping Federal authorities; since which 
 time he has pursued his professional duties atthe bar, taking little active part in 
 politics. In 1872, he was promiueutly named by some of the leading journals of 
 the State as a candidate for Governor, but he did not enter the contest for that 
 honor. 
 
 As a lawyer. Judge Simon is indefatigable in industry and in zeal for his 
 client, in argument he is ingenious, earnest and forcible. As an advocate, he 
 
COMMERCIAL LIFE. 193 
 
 has a rich though simple vocabulary, which is made effective in speech by the 
 graces of a flue fancy and a pleasing manner. As a District Judge, he had no 
 superior in the State, eitoer as regards sound legal learning, (conscientious research, 
 firmness in maintaining his own matured convictions, or that <'ourteous bearing 
 towards the members of the bar which so much becomes a Judge. 
 
 As a member of !^he Constitutional Convention, .Judge Simon has shown him- 
 self a firm friend of the peoj^le of the State. In spite of his innate modesty bor- 
 dering on diftidence, Jiulge Simon has won the popular confidence by his firin and 
 patriotic course in the Convention, and it is saft^ to predict that there are still 
 higher honors in store for him. 
 
 The high reputation for promptness and integrity enjoyed by the merchants 
 of ]^ew^ Orleans may very justly be a source of pride to all classes of citizens. 
 Their caution, prudence and good judgment are well known ; speculation seldom 
 has a place on their books ; their transactions, however immense, are real, and 
 consequently rest upon a firm and reliable basis. We believe that Xew Orleans 
 has a bright commercial future, and that added to her natural advantages, the 
 energy and enterprise of her merchants, will, eie long, place her in a proud posi-. 
 tion, as one of the leading business centres of America. 
 
 CRESCENT MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY. 
 
 We give a fine ^iew of the "Crescent Building," Nos. 07 and <;i> Camp street 
 the home of the oldest mutual insurance company in the State. 
 
 The Crescent Mutual Insurance Company was incorporated in 1840, and con- 
 sequently is now in its thirty-first year. 
 
 It has passed through the eventful years of the war, years of disastrous 
 panics, years of political trouble and turmoil, nu^eting punctually every claim and 
 always paying its annual interests promptly. 
 
 The history of this Company gives a record, of which its ofilicers and stock- 
 holders may well feel proud, reflecting as it does the highest credit on the com- 
 mercial integrity and administrative abilities of the merchants of our city who 
 have served in its Boards of Trustees, and th(^ gentleman who have occupied its 
 executive offices. 
 
 Not only does the Crescent pay its interests promptly, and handsome d\\\- 
 dends to its stockholders and mutual insurers, but it enjoys an enviable reputation 
 for its prompt and equitable settlenient of losses, a course which it has pursued 
 since its flrst organization, and which has gained for it the confldence and esteem 
 of our entire business conuuunity. 
 
 The ofhcers of the Company are : Mr. Thomas A. Adams, President ; Chas. 
 B. Eice, Secretary. 
 
 26 
 
194 yUW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Trustees. — Thos. A. Adams, Samuel B. Newman, Samuel H. Kennedy, John 
 Phelps, Adam Thomson, Henry Abraham, Victor Meyer, Joseph Bowling, Edw'd 
 J. Gay, Simon Hernsheim, Simon Foreheimer, Jos. B. Wolfe, R. B. Post, Edw'd 
 
 C're.sceut Mutual lusuiaiice Coiupauy. — Corner Camp Street and Coiumercial Place. 
 
 Pilsbury, J no. E. King, Frederick Camerden, Joseph W. Stone, George Martin, 
 Alfred Moulton, L. C. Jurey, Edward Nalle, Geo. W. Sentell, Paul E. Mortimer, 
 John V. Moore, W. B. Conger, Henry M. Preston, Reuben G. Bush, Jno. M. Parker. 
 
 BLAYNEY TOWNLEY WALSHE 
 
 Among the merchants of New Orleans, there are none better known or more 
 highly esteemed than Capt. Walshe. 
 
 He was born in New Ross, County Wexford, Ireland, June 11, 1840, 
 
 His ancestors, in the families of both his parents, have been prominent in the 
 army and the clinrch for over two hundred years — names which have tended to 
 make Irish liistory, and add to the Instre of British arms. 
 
 Cai)t. Walshe came to New Orleans with liis parents in 1853. The commence- 
 ment of the war between the North a,nd South found him engaged in the fchen 
 
COMMERCIAL LIFE. 
 
 195 
 
 popular clothing house of N^orris, MauU & Co., where he had every prospect of ad 
 vaucement and future i^rosperity. Like hosts of his countrymen, Cai)t. Walshe 
 promptly abandoned peaceful pursuits, forgot all personal interests, and tendered 
 his services to his adopted State. In April, 18(31, he was mustered into the Con- 
 federate States service for the war, as a private in the famous Washington 
 Artillery. 
 
 In May of the same year, he was elected Lieutenant of Company A of the 
 Irish Brigade, afterwards becoming captain of his company by promotion, subse- 
 quently incorporated in the Sixth Louisiana Regiment, commanded by Col. I. G. 
 Seymour. In he record of this regiment froQi the first Manassas, made famous by 
 its bravery and eflflciency, and by its proud position in Hay's Brigade and Stone- 
 wall Jackson's Corps, he fully particij)ated in all it j glories until, during the seven 
 days' tight before Eichmond, at Gaines' Mills, Captain Walshe was severely wounded 
 in the ankle. 
 
 He was thus rendered unfit for duty in the field, and was api)ointed Chief of 
 the Passport Office of the Department of Heurico, at Richmond. When able to 
 dispense with crutches, he was assigned to staff duty as Chief Prov^ost Marshal of 
 South Mississippi and East Louisiana, which position he tilled with ability and 
 tidelity until the close of the war. 
 
 In October, 1868, Captain Walshe embarked in business on his own account, 
 opening at No. 110 Canal street, his Emporium of Gentlemen's Furnishing Goods 
 and Boys' and Children's (Jlothing, which, through his careful and courteous atten- 
 tion to the wants of his patrons, his excellent business qualities and sterling integ- 
 rity, soon became known and popular, not only witU the citizens of New Orleans, 
 but throughout the South. Some years ago he dropped the boys' clothing branch 
 of his business, and devoted his attention to Men's Furnishing Goods, and to-day 
 his is the leading establishment of our city and the whole Southwest, none being 
 more widely known or patronized. 
 
1!»<> NJiJW ORLEANtS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 lu tlic various relations of life Capt. Walsbe is recognized by every one as 
 worthy of confidence, respect and esteem. He is one of our most public spirited, 
 enterprising, and liberal citizens. He has ever been amongst the first to give sup- 
 l)ort and substantial assistance to public works and enterprises for the general good. 
 His social characer is that of an ui)right and honorable man, a generous bene 
 factor, and a warm and true friend. He occupies positions of honor and trust in 
 many of the various bodies commercial, charitable and social, of which he is a 
 member. At present he is the Vice-President of the Young Men's Christian Asso- 
 ciation, an organization which has so warm a hold on the hearts of the citizens of 
 Xew Orleans, for its devoted attention to the fever stricken people during the epi- 
 demic of 1878, during which trying time Capt. Walshe was one of the Relief 
 Committee, and did his share of this labor of love for his fellow man. 
 
 As one thoroughly identified with all the interests of New Orleans, coming from 
 a foreign country and adopting this as a home, there is no better specimen of a 
 stranger possessing all the attributes of an exemplary and worthy citizen than 
 Capt. Walshe. 
 
 He is an Episcopalian, Senior Warden of St. George's Church, located on the 
 same square of ground as his residence, corner of St. Charles Avenue and Valence 
 street. Sixth District. 
 
 In 186-S, Capt. Walshe married a most estimable lady of this city, and is now the 
 father of seven interesting children. In his pleasant and tasteful home, he is sur- 
 rounded by all the pleasures which a devoted family and the fruits of an indus- 
 trious and well spent life alone can procure. 
 
 Capt. Cannon, being absent from the city, we republish, from the " Courier- 
 Journal" of June 8, 1878, the following interview with that popular Mississippi 
 Commodore : 
 
 JOHN W. CANNON 
 
 After examining the new John W. Cannon yesterday, we stepped out forward 
 upon the boiler-deck, and found, seated upon a carpenter's trestle, the veteran and 
 successful commander for whom she was named and by whom she was built. Ap- 
 proaching him we asked : 
 
 •'Capt. Cannon have you any objection to being interviewed ?" 
 
 " About what f ' 
 
 '' Oh, about your life as a steamboatman and — " 
 
 " Get out your pencil and paper, and I'll tell you all J can think of about 
 myself. It might stimulate some of the young men of the present day to start out 
 in life as 1 did, and teach them a lesson that a man who will try to get along in 
 this world will succeed. There's always room for'eni somewhere. 
 
 " You see, my father moved from Maryland to Louisville in 1818, and lived 
 down here in the Pond settlement two years. He then moved down to where 
 Hawesville, Ky., now stands — it was a corn-field then — and settled two miles 
 above there on the river. He bought a piece of land two miles back from the 
 river, built a house, put in a crop and moved back there. In 1820 I was born on 
 the river-place, Just before we moved back of Hawesville. I was raised back there 
 on the farm until I was fifteen years and five months old, and had never been fifteen 
 miles from home in my life, and never saw the inside of a school-house. I had a 
 brother in Kew Orleans in December, bS.T); he wrote to me to come down there 
 and bring my sister with me. We went, and took with us, as a present from my 
 father, two fine cows and a little pony. We went to the river and hailed the first 
 boat that came along, which was the Mediterranean, the biggest boat on the river 
 at that time. So we got aboard, my sister going in the cabin and I went on deck 
 to take care of the cows and the pony. 1 met an old friend on deck, and we 
 messed together and was getting along first rate, when one morning I went up 
 into the cabin to see my sister. There I met Capt. Jackson. Poor old man had a 
 
COMMERCIAL LIFE. 
 
 197 
 
 heart in him as big as that tool-chest (pointing to one with his crutch). I asked 
 permission to go back and see my sister, and lie told me to ' go ahead,' and asked 
 me my name. I told him ' .lohn W. Cannon,' and he asked me if I was any kin to 
 Elijah Cannon, the city marshal of New Orleans. 1 told him I was his brother, 
 and he called out to Hamilton McRea, the pilot of the boat, and told him who I 
 was, said that Elijah was a friend of his. He and McRea went ba(;k into the 
 cabin with me, and I introduced them to my sister. He gave me a state-room in 
 the cabin, and I tried to beg t)ft", but it was no use, for he said : ' No, sir ; I can 
 never repay your brother for what he has done for me.' 1 afterwards learned that 
 the captain, pilot and mate of the boat got into a big light in Orleans with a lot 
 of Irish, and nearly killed a lot of them. Elijali inten^eded with the judge at their 
 trial, went their bonds, and the case was tlirown out of court and the officers set at 
 liberty. 
 
 ^^^^T-l^^^^t^^^^"^^ 
 
 Well, it didn't cost me a cent for passage down and back. My brother Elijah 
 was terribly put out when he found out that I didn't know my A B C's. I stayed 
 down there until March, when he sent me back to Kentucky to go to school and 
 learn something. In the fall my sister-in-law and sister, bound for Orleans, got 
 aboard the Rob Roy at Hawesville, and I stepped aboard too. There I found 
 Ham McRae in the pilot-house on her ; I took hold of the wheel and went to 
 steering for him, so that when 1 reached Orleans I could handle a wheel like a 
 pilot could. I made one trip on her, when she was sold, and McRae went pilot 
 on the Mountaineer ; but the captain on her had no use for a steersman ; so that 
 let me out at New Orleans. My brother was so opposed to me going on the river 
 that he wouldn't help me. So I had to have clothes and a little j>ocket change. 
 I loafed about a while, when in March, 1838, 1 got on board the Diana. She was 
 •'ommanded by Capt. Frank Carter — he looked then as young as he does now — 
 and I came up to Hawesville on her, and on deck. When I got there I went to 
 school, and was getting along pretty well, when my brother, knowing I had a 
 
198 N^UW ORLEANS ILLUSTEATUU. 
 
 piece of land, wrote to me to cut a load of hoop-poles off it and bring them to 
 New Orleans, where I conld get a good price for them. I didn't have enough 
 money to buy an ax to cut 'em with ; so my father said if I wanted to cut the 
 poles and could get a boat to take 'em down in, he would give me what he had, 
 which was about $25. My brother-in-law went my security for $75, and 1 got a 
 boat and went to cutting hoop-poles, while my father hauled them to the boat at 
 the riv^er, until the roads got so bad and the weather so cold that we had to quit. 
 I finished loading the boat with Hawesville coal, and 1 had a pilot. We started 
 South, but we hadn't been out thirty hours before that pilot stuck me on Three- 
 mile islands nearly high and dry. But 1 stuck to her until the river raised and 
 floated me off. 1 ran into the mouth of Green river and waited there two 
 months for the ice to run out of the Ohio. This was in 1840. I cut loose from 
 there and sold out most of my cargo aloug the coasts. What coal I bad left I re- 
 tailed out in New Orleans. 1 then shipped on the Velocipede as steersman with 
 Oapt. Wright. She made a few trips up Red river, when I got the second pilot's 
 berth on the Teche down the Lafourche, but she laid up. In July, 1840, i came 
 to Kentucky to see my relatives and spend the summer. That fall I went down 
 to Orleans as a bow hand on a charcoal boat, and got $25 for that. I tried to get 
 a job on boats, and onlj^ got a little to do now and then, but got no money for it. 
 All my money was gone, my clothes seedy, and things began to look unpleasant, 
 but I had courage and pluck, so I didu't give up, and I shipped as deck passenger 
 on the Wm. French. My brother was wealthy, and he didn't exactly like the way 
 I was doing, and he wouldn't help me because he didu't want me to go on the 
 river, and to keep me off he gave me a job of planing cistern or tank staves, in 
 Orleans, at |1 50 per day and board. After working up all the lumber he had, a 
 city marshal, who had seized a vessel and a coffee house, gave me charge of them 
 at $3 per day. Before the vessel was sold I heard the captain say he was going 
 to run her up Red river. So I was in for the pilot's berth, and was recommended 
 by a young friend of mine, who kept a boat-store, as a Ouachita river pilot. Soon 
 as the other pilots around town found out i had the berth they went 
 to the captain and told him I was never up the Ouachita river 
 in my life,' and I never had been but three times, but 1 learned as much those 
 three trips as some of them learned in three years. 1 went on her, though, and 
 stayed there six months, and had plenty of money. [ got tired of her, and wanted 
 to get on a bigger boat. So I got a bogus letter, to quit her and go pilot on the 
 Rjdolph. It was written by some pilots to get me off. The Rodol]>h wanted no 
 pilot, so I was out of a berth, with $600 in my pocket. Just then the Marshal 
 seized the Bunker Hill. 1 took charge of her for the Marshal, and the man who 
 bought her hired me to take her to the mouth of the White river as j)ilot. In 1842 
 1 spent the summer in Hawesville, and went back to Orleans in the fall. I got a 
 berth on the Levi Welsh, and stayed on her a month ; loaned the captain and boat 
 all my money, and came near losing it, but got it back when the boat was sold. 
 My friend, John Bress, got me a job then on the President. Both pilots on her 
 got into a fight and killed each other ; so 1 got a good berth on her, made money 
 and saved it. I went with the same man next season on the Republic, and did 
 first rate. In '44 and '45 1 went on the ^Etna, and then went on the big Louisiana 
 to St. Louis, and stayed on her till the fall of '46. I then went captain on the 
 Coati Joyous, in the White river trade, until I was put back on the Louisiana and 
 finished out the season on her. I went to piloting on different boats then, and had 
 saved about four thousand dollars, and bought four negroes with the most of it. 
 One of them died and the other three ran off. That cured me of the negro busi- 
 ness. 1 had some money left, and I went in with a young man named B. B. Mc- 
 Mechan, and we bought a boat called the Dallas, and put her in the Ouachita 
 trade, and then 1 came up here in '47 and '48, and built the Louisiana at Howard's 
 ship-yard. She was a beautiful boat, and blew up at Orleans, killing nearly every- 
 body on her, including my poor little partner, and came near killing me. This 
 left me in debt $20,0()(), so I went back to piloting, and kept at it until I met a 
 friend who said I must have a boat and he would aid me. 1 had an old pair 
 of engines, but they would not do for a new boat, so my friend advised me to come 
 
COMMERCIAL LIFE. 199 
 
 to Louisville, which I did, and contracted for the S. W. Downs, paying $150 down 
 on the contract. I then went to St. Louis and bought a nice pair of engines, but 
 had no money to pay freight on them to Louisville, which was ^590, so T got on a 
 boat and came ahead of the one my engines were on to make arangements to raise 
 money to pay the freight. The boat I was on ran down twelve miles and laid up. 
 I was mad, and told the barkeeper that if I was a pilot on that boat she wouldn't 
 lay there long. So he told the captaiu, and he came to my room and told me he 
 had two poor pilots ; that if I would get up and pilot his boat he would pay me 
 for it, I told him I couldn't; that his pilots would go for me; but if he would 
 start her out and tell his pilots 1 was posted, I would come up and steer for them. 
 I went up and took the wheel ; the captaiu and pilot both left and went to bed, 
 and 1 didn't see them any more until the next morning at eight o'clock, after 
 everybody had done breakfast. The boat was 150 miles down the river. When 
 we got here 1 told him that 1 thought my work was worth my passage, but he 
 insisted upon paying me $100, and offered me more. He gave the other $150 to 
 his other pilots ; they were to get $250 to bring the l)oat from St. Louis. I paid 
 the freight on my engines when they came, and went on building the Downs. She 
 cost $17,000. I drew on my friend for $5000, and gave the builders my paper for 
 the balance. She came out on the first of March, 1851, and ran up to the first 
 day of July, and made uj) to that time $11,000. Some parties then came up to 
 Cincinnati to build a tine fast boat to run me out. Soon as 1 heard this I jumped 
 on the first boat up, without ten dollars in the world, and borrowed $500 from my 
 barkeeper. 1 came to Louisville and told the people that these parties had gone 
 to build a boat to run me out of my trade. Well, they told me to name the 
 kind of a boat I wanted, and they would join together and build one for me. 
 I contracted then with AVasb. Murray to build the boat aud paid my $500 down on 
 her when the contract was made. On my way here I met an old friend, who owned 
 an old boat, ;ind he took the money for the old boat and put it into my new one. 
 So I was bolstered up now, and stood well with my creditors. She cost $41,000, 
 and was named the Bella Donna. The other parties who went to Cincinnati backed 
 out and didn't build. I ran the Bella Donna four months and sold her 
 and the Downs together and wound up all making $54,000 clear with the 
 two boats in sixteen months. I then bought the Eockaway for $40,000, 
 ran her one season and made her clear. I came here then and built 
 the McRae and W. W. Farmer for $17,900 and took them down to Orleans. 
 The McEae cost $40,000. She and the McEae laid up one whole year, because 
 Ouachita and Eed rivers didn't rise. The boats laid up in all eighteen months. 
 This broke me fiat, and I took the pneumonia. [ only owed $3400, but the people 
 were kind and one bank held all the notes. So they kept them until I could come 
 to a settlement, and then my credit was better than ever. 1 ran the boats one 
 more season, sold them both, aud built the Vicksburg ; ran her two seasons and 
 built the Gen. Quitman ; ran both one season. When the Confederates took the 
 Vicksburg and made a gunboat of her, 1 " yanked " the Quitman up Red river ; 
 saved her until after the war ; took her to St, Louis, repaired her, and ran her two 
 years. I then built the first Eob't. E. Lee here ; she cost $223,000 ; ran her ten 
 years ; then built the second Kob't. PI Lee, aud have now finished this one. You 
 fellows made me ashamed of myself by naming her after me. In the meantime I 
 had an interest in the Magenta, and I ran the Katie two years and lost $54,000 
 with her ; then turned her over to her owners. I now own an interest in the Eob't. 
 E. Lee, Thompson Dean, Yazoo \"alley, Ouachita Belle, Johu W. Cannon, and an 
 interest in the new boat Katie now building by the Howards. While on a trip 
 from St. Louis to New Orleans, some time ago, 1 took pneumonia, which settled in 
 my side and formed an abscess, and it broke inwurdly and has been for tour years 
 a source of great annoyance to me. In the meantime, 1 have had both arms 
 pulled out of their sockets, and to clap the climax, I fell down upon the wharf at 
 Orleans and broke my thigh. I am now on crutches, and will leave here 
 Saturday for New Orleans on this boat. How'll that do for the first interview ? 
 Come and see me." We thanked the " monarch of the Mississippi," as he arose 
 upon his crutches and disappered into his magnifi.ceut cabin to tsee how the large 
 
200 
 
 XEVr ORLEAN'S ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 body of men were progressing with their work. We left hiin with the impression 
 that he was a remarkable man ~a man who by his untiring energy had made hinj- 
 self what he is — a man who by his iron will and courage had attained a position 
 that mantled him with fame and placed him as high upon the ladder as a steam- 
 boatman, owner and builder conhl get. If there is a- man in this country who de- 
 serves credit and i»raise for lia\ing promoted tlie marine interests of the great 
 valley of tlie Mississii)i)i and building the finest and fastest steamboats afloat, that 
 man is none other than Capt. Jolm W. Cannon. Although time and age have 
 dealt kindly with him, we trust tliey wdl yet l)e good to him and make the remain- 
 ing days of his useful life Joyous and hapi)y. Long nmy he live ! [Courier- Journal, 
 June 8. 
 
 RICHARD ANGELL, Jr 
 
 The next youngest son of that eminent i)hysi(;ian, Dr. Richard Augell, Sr., 
 lately deceased, was born in Mississipjii on the Kith of March, 1843 
 
 The first homoeopathic pharmacy established in this city was that of Dr. R. Au- 
 gell in 1853, at No. 152 .Julia street; and, of this w-ell su|)])lied and carefully con- 
 dm'ted establishment, Richard Angell, Jr., has had the management for several 
 
 years past. Tlie pharmacy is sui)])lied with fresh and reliable honuBopatic medi- 
 cines, medicine chests, and standard hoimeoiiathic books for })liysicians, families 
 and i)lantations. 
 
 Those wishing any article appertaining to the honneopathic system of medi- 
 cine, <*an ])rocnre it of Richard Angell, Jr., at the pharmacy, 152 Julia street. 
 

 COMMERCIAL LIFE. 
 
 201 
 
 We present to our readers an excellent view of the Tulane Buildings, which 
 are among the handsomest of the edifices in the business part of our city. 
 
 6^r!*'*'^'^(^'^'*«p»'*'^*'''>'<*<'5'!»^ 
 
 \/,CM'^mai /woro-j;rs. jv.c^ 
 
 ^^nlrS^f^^W^. 
 
 Tnlano Buildings.— Camp Street between Common and (iravier Stieets. 
 
 26 
 
202 NUW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Here will be found the office of 
 
 I C. E. GIRARDEY, 
 
 who for many years has been one of our most prominent auctioneers and 
 appraisers. Mr. Girardey was formerly a partner of the late Major J. A. Beard, 
 and his long experience aud constant devotion to business, especially the real 
 estate branch, have gained him a wide popularity, and madehim a high authority 
 in all matters pertaining to his department of the commerce of New Orleans. 
 In the same building the 
 
 FIREMEN'S INSURANCE COMPANY 
 
 is located. This Company, although young in years, is one of our staunchest 
 corporations. Its affairs have been managed with such ability, tact aud 
 energy, combined with justice and honorable dealing, that its popularity has 
 been firmly established. Its otBcers are all men of long standing and known 
 integrity, and to their untiring efforts the splendid success of the Company 
 is mainly due. They are: President, I. N. Marks; Vice-President, T. Prud- 
 homme; Secretary, R. H. Benners; Inspectors, James Boyce and W. E. 
 Roddy; Directors, Jacob Alexander, Leon Bertoli, H. H. Bierhorst, L. B. Cain, 
 C. Taylor Gauche, Charles Hemard, A. H. Isaacson, A. P. Kip]), E. S. Levy, I. N. 
 Marks, Wash. Marks, T. Prudhomme, Berry Russell, C. Sporl, John Fitzpatrick, 
 Geo. Waters, L. A. Wiltz, and Otto Thornian. 
 
 That old and staunch fluancial institution, the 
 
 STATE NATIONAL BANK 
 
 occupies a portion of the Tulane Buildings, havingan entrance on Camp street and 
 also on Graxier street. This batdv was organized long before the war, as the 
 Louisiana State Bank, and was known throughout the country as one ot the best 
 conducted and most reliable financial institutions in the United States. Although 
 it met with hea^v losses during the years of strife and destruction, it passed 
 through all trials with credit unimpaired and an unblemished reputation. In 1870 
 it was re-organized as a National Bank, with its present title, the State National 
 Bard<c of New Orleans. Its affairs are under the management of the following 
 gentlemen, many of wiiom were connected with it in anti-bellum days : 
 
 Samuel H. Kennedy, Alfred Moulton, Louis A Wiltz, J. B. Lafltte, P. Lan- 
 aux, J. G. Parham, S. Hernshiem, J. Vairin. 
 
 EYRICH'S 
 
 Is known throughout the South, aud no one ever visits New Orleans without 
 going there. It is a depot for fine stationery, the stock of which, in extent and 
 variety, is not surpassed in the South. AVedding and visiting cards, and note- 
 papers of the richest aud most elegant styles may always be found at this emporium. 
 Stamping monograms, crests and initials, will be made to order in the most artistic 
 manner at short notice. 
 
 Menu and dinner cards, fancy articles, artistic panel pictures, all in great 
 variety. 
 
 All the latest books, magazines and newspapers are promptly received. 
 School books and school stationery at the lowest i)rices, aud all other articles ap- 
 pertaining to a first class stationery, will be found at Eyrich's. 
 
GOMMEBCIAL LIFE. 
 
 THOMAS WILSON BOTHICK. 
 
 203 
 
 The gentleman, whose career is the subject of this sketch, was born in Som- 
 erset, County Derry, Ireland. His father was an architect of considerable repute 
 in his native place, but judging- that there were better chances for one of his pro- 
 fession across the channel, he removed to England, with his family, consisting of 
 his wife, one daughter, and three sons, of whom Thomas W. was the youngest, at 
 the time only three years of age. Mr. Bothick's anticipations were fully realized. 
 Possessing splendid architectural ideas and abilities, and great originality in his 
 plans and conceptions, he rapidly gained friends, and better still, lucrative busi- 
 ness engagements, which brought him fame and competence. 
 
 At an early age, young Tom Bothick, as he was usually called, was placed at 
 a school in Manchester, w^hich he attended regularly till the sudden death of his 
 father, from apoplexy. For a year or two young Bothick attended school at in- 
 tervals, but the afiairs of his deceased father had been placed in the hands of one 
 
 who proved unfaithful to the trust, and who, through bad management or fraud, 
 wasted the handsome fortune left in his charge. This circumstance necessitated 
 exertion on the part of the family, and although then only thirteen 
 years old, Thomas set out to support his mother and sister. He 
 found employment in the large wire-working and drawing establishment of 
 Messrs. ISTaylor & Brother, in Manchester. He appUed himself diligently and 
 soon bpcame a favorite of his employers, who, at the expiration of four years, pro- 
 moted him to traveling salesman. This position he filled with ability for three 
 years. His sister had married in the meantime. Her husband had emigrated to 
 America, and now, his prospects being good, wrote for his wife to join him. It 
 was deemed, in those days, impossible for a lady to take such a journey alone. 
 The result was that the whole family resolved to accompany her — Thomas to go 
 
204 NUW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 with thcin as escort. Naylor & lirotlier had offered him flattering iuduceraents to 
 return to their eiuph)y, and he inteaded to do so, but when in I^^Tew York the 
 objections and entreaties of his mother and the other members of the family, 
 induced him to change his mind. He found a desirable situation in the work-shop 
 of Messrs. McChesney & Moore, in New York, where he remained two years, and 
 then removed to Wocester, Mass., to fill a more lucrative position in the wire 
 factory of Washburn & Co. Here he remained three years, when he encountered 
 an old school-mate who persuaded him to go to New Orleans. On arriving in New 
 Orleans, Mr. Bothick entered into a partnership with his friend, Mr. Edward 
 McGrOvern, and they opened the Commercial Queen Hotel, which they conducted 
 on such a liberal and popular style, that it soon became a favorite resort, and, as a 
 consequence, a pecuniary success. 
 
 Mr. McGrovern, in 1849, took what was then known as the " California fever," 
 which carried him off to the Eldorado of the hour, and left Mr. Bothick out of 
 business. 
 
 With ami)le means at his command, Mr. Bothick looked around for a new in- 
 vestment. He ventured into the jewelry business with a friend who had no money, 
 but great experience ; $25,000 was the amount invested ; a few months sufficed to 
 completely change the i^ositions of the members of the firm; the partner had the 
 money and Mr. Bothick the experience. 
 
 In 1854, Mr Bothick again entered into business, this time as an Undertaker, 
 which he still continues at No. 271 Camp street. He was already convinced that there 
 were opportunities for reform and improvement in the way such business was con- 
 ducted, and to institute these changes and reforms was his ambition and determin- 
 ation. His methods won immediate approval, and brought him patrons and success. 
 His business constantly increased, and he soon took the rank of leading undertaker 
 in New Orleans and the South. For many years to his care and management has 
 been committed the obsequies of the wealthy and prominent people of the city and 
 environs. For several years his average of funerals has been five hundred annually 
 
 Mr, Bothick has been for a long time an intelligent and curious student of 
 embalming processes, and his exi)erience in that particular department of his work 
 has been eminently successful. Dr. Geo. W. Avery, an army surgeon, says : " I am 
 cognizant of the fact that Mr. Bothick is skilled in the art of embalming and that 
 his process is exceedingly efficacious." Several other eminent surgeons of the V. 
 S. Army, who were located in New Orleans during the war, testify to his embalming 
 maniiiulations as attended with the most satisfactory results, as do also hundreds 
 of our citizens. 
 
 Kefiued in manner and appearance, kind, charitable and courteous, Mr. Both- 
 ick has made hosts of friends, and is a useful, honored and esteemed member of 
 society, whether it be his business career or private character whiich is taken 
 under consideration. 
 
 FACTORS' AND TRADERS' INSURANCE COMPANY. 
 
 This Company, located at No. 30 Carondelet street, commenced business on 
 the 1st of September, 18GG, and since its organization has held a high place in the 
 confidence of our business men. The capital stock is 11,000,000, divided into 
 shares of .f 100 each, and at the start three distinctive features Avere announced, 
 Avhich gave the Company popularity at once. These were : 
 
 1st. The business of the Company was divided into two departments, i. e.. 
 Capital Stock and Premium Departments. In the former an interest dividend 
 was first guaranteed, after which the di\idend in the Premium Department was 
 declared. 
 
 2d. The dividends in the Premium Department were declared in the strictest 
 sense upon the mutual plan, and to those stockholders only who were payers of 
 premiums. 
 
 3il. The dividends in both departments were on a cash basis and paid in cash, 
 without discbunt, as soon as possible after the close of the fiscal year. The rebate 
 
(JOMMEBCIAL LIFE. 205 
 
 system was oftered to stockholders and the coiiununity in general, who would 
 insure iu the Company. 
 
 The first officers were : Michel Musson, President ; Harmon Doane, Vice- 
 President, and Ed. A. Palfrey, Secretary, and the Board of Trustees was com- 
 posed of tbe following gentlemen, whose names will be recognized as amongst the 
 first merchants of our city : Moses Greenwood, W. A. Johnson, John I. Noble, 
 John Chaffee, Hugh McCall, Marshall J. Smith, 1. Caultteld, Alf. S. Huntington, 
 L. H. Terry, J. 1). Blair, Richard Mdliken, Samuel E. Moore, Wm. H. Henning, 
 James Hewitt, T. M. Scott, Wm. Ball, A. H. Isaacson, J. W. Carroll, J. W. Bur- 
 bridge, J. G. Brown, John Plielps, P. S. Wiltz, Kobt. Pitkin, H. McNeil Vance 
 and W. B. Tullis. 
 
 At the annual meeting in June, 1870, Mr. Musson declined a re-election, and 
 Harmon Doane, Esq., was chosen President, which office he filled with fidelity and 
 ability, until his death in February, 1875, when Col. Ed. A. Palfrey was elected to 
 fill the vacancy, and Major Thomas F. Walker was made Secretary. 
 
 The admirable administrative abilities, courteous bearing, prompt business 
 qualities and high integrity of these gentlemen are well known. Under their 
 management the Company- has not only maintained its hold upon our busmess 
 community, but has constantly advanced its popularity and iufiuence. These facts 
 are evidenced by the immense business transacted by the Company ; during the thir- 
 teen years which closed with their last statement. May, 1879, they received gross 
 premiums amounting to $6,574,001.17, and paid out for losses $3,200,000. 
 
 The course of the company has been marked by the prompt and equitable 
 settlement of claims for losses ; their just and liberal conduct in this respect having 
 gained for them the confidence aiid esteem of all insurers. The present officers are 
 Ed. A. Palfrey, President; John Chaiie, Vice President ; Thos. F. Walker, Sec- 
 retary ; with the following well-known merchants as a Board of Trustees : 
 
 John I. Noble, B. F. Eshleman, John Chaffe, Wm. C. Black, Richard Millikeu, 
 Charles Chatte, J. 1. Warren, L. C. Jurey, Sam'l. Friedlander, Wm. Hartwell, A. 
 A. Yates, C. J. Leeds, R. M. Walmsley, A. T. Jauiu, A. H. May, Jos. Bowling, T. 
 Lytt Lytton, A. M. Bickham, Sam'l. H. Boyd, Henry Abraham, ,Ios. McElroy, 
 Louis Bush, Wm. J. Behan, A. Brittin, G. W. Sentell. 
 
 J. W. M. HARRIS. 
 
 This gentleman, whose energy and skill in the cause of cotton compressing 
 have made him so well known in our city, was born in Natchez, Miss., in 1828, and 
 received a liberal education both at home and al)road. He studied civil law under 
 the late Christian Roselius and graduated from the University of Louisiana. He 
 was adnutted to the bar of Louissana in 1850. 
 
 He married and settled at Vicksburg, Miss., in 1853, and entered upon the 
 practice of common law in the same year. 
 
 His learning and ability, coupled with a dignified and courteous manner, made 
 him a popular member of the bar of Mississippi, and he was elected to the bench 
 iu 1859. Upon the organization of that government he was appointed Auditor of 
 the Confederate States, which position he filled until the Confederacy ceased to exist. 
 
 Since the war he has been connected with the leading events in Mississippi, 
 and has enjoyed a large and extended practice in connection with his brother. Gen. 
 N. H. Harris, who was a distinguished officer of Gen. Lee's army. Gen. Harris 
 commanded a i)ortion of the ^Mississippi troops in Virginia, and was in command 
 at the celebrated defense of Battery Gregg in front of Petersburg. 
 
 Judge J. W. M. Harris is the founder of the Triumph Cotton Tie Company, 
 proprietors of the Triumph Cotton Tie, and the Triumph Cotton Band Puller and 
 Buckler. 
 
 In 1872, Mr. F. M. Logue exhibited to Judge Hairis his patent. It was then in a 
 crude and undeveloped state, but the quick perception of Judge Harris, whose 
 experience as a planter, had made him familiar with the subject of baling and 
 handling cotton, detected in it the germ of an invention which was destined to 
 revolutionize the method of jDreparing the great staple for market. 
 
206 
 
 NUW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 He aided Mr. Logue with money aad advice, and months on months were 
 spent in experiments, Mr. Logne was sent to N^ew Orleans, and remained here an 
 entire season studying the art of compressing. Difficulties were encountered, 
 which would have disheartened a man of less courage and determination than 
 Judge Harris. Thousands of dollars were spent, and still other thousands were 
 furnished to continue the investigations and make the machine perfect. During 
 this time he was ably assisted and encouraged by his brother Gen. Harris. The 
 
 result is a matter of history. The Triumph Cotton Tie Baud Puller and Buckler 
 has been adopted by the largest compresses in New Orleans, Memphis, Mobile and 
 other cities, and the Triumph Cotton Tie has been introduced on hundreds of 
 plantations. 
 
 Judge Harris is a man of liberal and enlightened views, quiet and unostenta- 
 tious in manner, generous, kind hearted and social, qualities which make him a 
 worthy citizen and esteem friend with all who enjoy his acquaintance. 
 
 In the year 1877, 
 
 BOERICKE & TAFEL 
 
 opened a branch of their Homoeopathic Pharmacy at No. 130 Canal street, in this 
 city. This house was established in H3o, and have now extensive laboratories 
 and stores in New York and [Philadelphia, with branches in many of the import- 
 ant cities of the Union. Their medicines are all standard, and are known through- 
 out the world for their purity and uniform excellence in quality. 
 
 The branch here is a complete Houueopathic Pharmacy, not only are the ordi- 
 nary medicines kept, but ererij remedy known to the practice will be found there, 
 and they can furnish physicians and dealers in the country with every thing 
 appertaining to the homoeopathic system of medicine, and all fresh and reliable. 
 
 They make a specialty of books and medicine chests for family and planta- 
 tion use. All the standard works on Homoeopathy may be procured of them. 
 Orders and inquiries by mail will meet with prompt attention. 
 
OOMMERCIAL LIFE. 
 
 ANDREW PATTON, 
 
 207 
 
 The subject of this very brief sketch was born in Ramelton, Ireland, April 
 21st, 1848, came to New Orleans in 18(57, and at once entered into active business 
 life. For several years he worked with the firm of A. Thomson & Co., during 
 which time his courtesy of bearing and urbanity of manner gained him many 
 
 friends. In May, 1870, he was elected 2d Vice-President of the Louisiana Equit- 
 able Life Insurance Company, and in January, 1879, to the position he now holds, 
 that of Secretary. 
 
 Although quite a young man, Mr. I'atton has obtained a firm foothold in the 
 field of business life, and his prospects for the future are auspicious in a degree 
 seldom acquired by one of his years. 
 
 EDWARD J. SOUBY 
 
 Is a native of IS'ew Orleans, having been born in this city on the 24th June, 1844. 
 He attended the public schools, but having lost his parents at an early age, he 
 was obliged to care for imsolf He commenced work when only eight years old, 
 working during the day and attendnig school at night. At eleven years of age he 
 obtained employment in the i)hotograi)h gallery of Messrs. Morissenet & Law, and 
 having a great taste for the fine arts, he made i-apid progress. 
 
 Foregoing the prospect of a prosperous future, he entered the Confederate 
 Army when only sixteen years old. Here he participated in those battles which 
 have made historic ground of the Old Dominion. He was severely wounded in 
 the fight at Mary's Heights, and was complimented on the field by Colonel Forno, 
 his commanding officer, for devotion to duty and gallant conduct. He served 
 through the war, winning by his courage and bravery successive promotions to the 
 rank of captain. 
 
208 
 
 NUW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED . 
 
 On bis return home he resumed his business as a photographer, but owing to 
 limited means, was forced to be satisfied witli a modest establishment near the 
 Magazine Market. 
 
 He was married in 1S()7, to Miss Nellie A. Murdoek. 
 
 Perseverance and industry, with careful attention to every detail of his art, 
 won him friends and biought a natural increase of business. Mr. Souby is now 
 one of the leading Photographers of our city. A natural ease and grace mark his 
 ])ictures, and stamp him a>s an artist of refined taste, rare judgment and great 
 ability. 
 
 Mr. Souby has gained coiisiderabU^ reputation as a writer of vivid imagina- 
 tion and an ingenious. groui)er of characters. His drama, " Honor Lost and Honor 
 Won," founded on incidents of the late war, was presented to a large and appreci- 
 ative audience, for the benefit of the relief tomb fund of the Louisiana Division 
 A. N. Va., of which he is a member, and reci ived tlie flattering commendations of 
 the critics of our city journals. 
 
 The original plans of the " Confederate Monument" in Greenwood Cemetery 
 were photographed by Mr. vSouby, and many of his suggestions adopted, to the 
 great imi)rovement of this memorial of Southeni heroes, 
 
 Mr. Souby is a favoiite in social circles, and being now in the early prime of 
 manhood, may confidently look forward to a bright and prosperous future. 
 
 ISIDORE DANZIGER, 
 
 Eldest son of the late Theodore Danziger, was born in Paris, France, in 1842, and 
 came to New Orleans with his parents in 1S48. 
 
 He was educated in this city. When the war between the States came on, he 
 joined the Orleans Guards, and, in that comitany, served the Confederacy in the 
 Army of Tennessee. 
 
COMMERCIAL LIFE. 
 
 209 
 
 Nearly his whole business life has heen identified with the store in which he is 
 now the senior parti er, he having- entered the store as a clerk for his father, who 
 commenced the dry goods business in 1848, at the corner of Orleans and Kobert- 
 son streets. In 1857, Mr. Theodore Danziger bought the property corner of Eoyal 
 and St. Peter streets, which became so famous as "Danziger's Corner" — jiopular, 
 because good, reliable articles were sold at low prices, and all orders, whether 
 large or small, received the same i)rompt and courteous attention. In 1865 Mr. 
 Danziger removed to Canal street, and in the same year Mr. Isadore Danziger was 
 admitted to a partnership. In 1873 Mr. David Danziger received the same favor 
 the firm, becoming Theodore Danziger & Sous. 
 
 Unpon the death of their father, in 1874, the brothers — Isadore and David — 
 continued the business, and the style of the house was changed to Theodore Dan- 
 ziger's Sons, which it still continues to be. 
 
 Energy, enterprise, promptness and strict integrity have always been charac- 
 teristics of this house. It has passed into a proverb, that those who want dress 
 goods, staple goods, the tinest goods or heaviest ])lantation wear, laces or domes- 
 tics, have only to " Go to Danziger's, " to get just what they want, and always at 
 reasonable prices. 
 
 In 1870, Mr. Isidore Danziger was married to Miss Amelia Dreyfons. 
 
 Now young in years, but old in business experience, a merchant of rare admin- 
 istrative ability, and indefatigable in his devotion to commercial ]>ursuits, with 
 ample capital and an enviable reputation, he may justly look forward to a future 
 full of success and honorable renown. Socially Mr. Danziger is esteemed as a gen- 
 tleman of polished manners, quiet and retiring, yet sociable, kind and generous. 
 
 Although thoroughly devoted to American institutions, Mr. Danziger is a 
 
 27 
 
210 JOJ W . ORLEANS ILL U8TBA TED. 
 
 staunch supporter of His Majesty, the King of the Carnival, who as a mark of his 
 esteem , and in recognition of yalnable services rendered, lias conferred upon him 
 the title of Duke de la Boulevard. 
 
 DIE BOLD SAFE AND LOCK COMPANY. 
 
 During the past fifteen years the safes of this company have constantly grown 
 in popular favor. Their entire reliability has been demonstrated in hundreds of 
 fires, in some ot which they have been exposed for several days to the most intense 
 heat. In our city and iu Alabama, Mississippi and Texas, the safes of the Diebokl 
 Company enjoy an enviable poijularity. 
 
 This is due not only to their intrinsic merit, but largely to the enterprise of 
 the agent, Mr. A. Eoy, a pleasant and courteous gentleman, who condnnes 
 the skill of a practical mechanic with the ability and energy of a merchant. The 
 headquarters of these safes, in onr city, is at ^o. "11 Canal street. 
 
 THE LOUISIANA EQUITABLE LIFE INSUEANCE COMPANY, 
 
 39 CAKONDELET STREET, NEW ORLEANS. 
 
 This Company was organized under the General Incorporation law of Louis- 
 iana, on the 25th day of March, 1879, its first Board of Directors being composed 
 of the following very prominent citizens, to wit: Messrs. John Pemberton, E. A. 
 Tyler, C. H, Slocomb, Fred. Delbondio, George A. Fosdick, Wm. S. Pike, Joseph 
 W. Stone, Adam Thomson, Philip Meyer, Marshall J. Smith, W. B. Schmidt, Alex- 
 ander Marks. C. E. Girardey, Edward Barnett, with Joseph Ellison, Esq., as Presi- 
 dent, and Mr. Wm. P. Haipcr as Secretary. 
 
 Of this list, Messrs. Ellison, Pemberton, Slocomb, Delbondio, Pike, Barnett, 
 Tyler and Harper have departed this life, and Mr. Marks has removed to h^urope, 
 but the vacancies thus caused have been filled by gentlemen of equal standing, 
 prominent among whom we tind Messrs. E. J. Hart, James I. Day, Henry J. Vose, 
 Samuel B. Newman, Charles Chafie, Henry Abraham, Samuel 31. Todd. 
 
 A prominent feature in this Company is its system of " llegistered " policies, 
 which requires every policy to be registered with the Auditor of the State, at its 
 issuance, and also requires the Keserve due on each policy to be tleijosited with 
 the State Treasurer, thereby affording better security to the insured than is ottered 
 by any other Life Company doing business in Louisiana. 
 
 Although this law applies only to poliQies issued subsequent to Ajiril 2d, 
 1877, the Company has, with most commendable liberality, ottered its benefits to 
 all of its numerous holders of policies dated anterior to that time, and they are 
 rapidly availing themselves of the ijrivilege. 
 
 In the adjustment of death claims, this Company has always been character- 
 ized by as great liberality as was consistent with safety and justice, and when 
 adjusted, the amount of the claim has always been paid iu full, on the day of 
 maturity, without discount. 
 
 Since its organization, it has disbursed in this community, for losses by 
 death alone, the enormous sum of $470,000, and has now a surplus as regards its 
 registered policy holders of $200,000. 
 
 This staunch institution has certainly very strong claims upon our life-insur- 
 ing citizens. Thousands upon thousands of hard earned dollars have been sent 
 to the North and West for life insurance premiums, only to be be squandered in 
 stupendous pries of brick, gorgeous olfices, exorbitant salaries and extravagant 
 
MILITARY. 
 
 211 
 
 living-, which would be iu our city to-day, had the risks beeu placed in this our 
 I — — . I " Home " Coni])any. Good authorities 
 
 estimate that $1,000,000 is less thau the 
 amount thus lost. 
 
 The following- gentlemen are the 
 officers ot this Company : E. B. Briggs, 
 President ; John Henderson, Vice-Pres- 
 ident ; A. Patton, Secretary ; Dr. 
 John H.Pike, Medical Director; Breaux, 
 Fenner and Hall, Counsel. 
 
 Among the men of enterprise and 
 energy in our city. Me may very justly 
 include 
 
 PETER BOEHM, 
 
 Proprietor of the Crescent City Paper 
 Warehouse, Nos. 124 and 125 Chartres 
 street. Mr. Boehm always has on hand 
 a large stock of wrapping, news and 
 writing- papers, blank books, general 
 stationary and fancy articles, and as he 
 makes his purchases for cash, he can 
 give his customers the advantage of the 
 lowest possible prices. 
 
 I Iw,X T A 
 
 Gen. G. T. Beauregard, Adjutant General, Adjutant General's Office, State 
 House. 
 
 MILITIJk. 
 
 W. J. Behau, General Commanding- 1st Brigade, 1st Division, 
 
 Louisiana Field Artillery — Col. John Glynn, Jr., Commanding-. 
 
 Orleans Artillery — Col. A. J. Bachemin, Commanding-. 
 
 Crescent City Battalion Infantry — Lieut-Col. C. E. Fenner, Commanding. 
 
 Regiment Infantry — Col. J. D. Hill, Commanding. 
 
 Regiment Infantry — Coi. A. Meyer, Commanding. 
 
 IIDIPEIBIIT OlQ^MIl^TIOMS. 
 
 Battalion Washington Artillery — Col. W. M. Owen, Commanding. 
 Continental Guards— Capt. William Pierce, Commanding. 
 Irish Rifles — Capt. John Fitzpatrick, Commanding. 
 Mitchell Rifles— Oapt. M. Coouey, Commanding. 
 
Ifl2 
 
 NEW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Old Headqnarters Washington Artillery. 
 
 GEN. WM. J. BEHAN 
 
 Some men are boru to be military leaders, wliile others are distiuguished in 
 peaceful pursuits. Few there are who have the genius, skill and ability, com- 
 bined with the perseverance and energy required to make their mark in every 
 walk of life, where their interests or desires may lead them, but we may say 
 with truth that Gen. Behau has shown the possession of a combination of these 
 qualities. Through a life of many changes he has never failed to stand among the 
 tirst, and can command the respect and esteem of all around him. 
 
MILITARY. 213 
 
 In 18(31 Will. J. Behaii left with the Battahou Washington Artillery as First 
 Sergeant of the Fonrth Company. Althongh bnt 20 years of age, Behan carried 
 in his pocket a Captain's coinmission from Gov. Moore, then Governor of Louisi- 
 ana, but this he never used, preferring to remain with tlie company with which 
 he had been identified in the days of peace. 
 
 From the hour the first gun of the war was fired until the Confederate flag 
 was furled at Appomattox, Behan never missed a day from service. He partici- 
 pated in every march, skirmish and battle of his battery, and in every campaign 
 of the grand old Army of Northern Virginia. He was promoted Second Lieuten- 
 ant of his company in 1862. Behan had the honor of placing the last gun m i^osi- 
 tion at Appomattox, and was just in the act of firing it when one of Gen. Lee's 
 staft* rode uj) and shouted : '' Uon't fire those guns ; we have surrendered !" 
 
 At the close of the war Gen. Behaii returned to his native city, and embarked 
 in commercial pursuits, winning, by his sagacity and enterprise, the confidence 
 and esteem of his fellow-citizens. 
 
 He was prominent in the citizens' organization which has become famous as 
 the " White League ;" and, on the memorable 14th of September, 1874, was in 
 command on that portion of the line, wliere the fight between the Metropolitan 
 Police and the citizens occurred. His presence of mind, courage and ability, con- 
 tributed largely to the success which attended the struggle of that day. 
 
 On the establishment of the I^icholls government he was appointed by Gov. 
 Mcholls Brigadier-General ?.f the First Brigade of State troops, and to his exam- 
 ple and direction is due much of the esprit du corps which distinguishes this splen- 
 did organization. Gen. Behan is now a member of the old and popular grocery 
 firm of Zuberbier & Behan. 
 
 COL. WILLIAM MILLER OWEN. 
 
 This honorable and esteemed gentleman was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, January 
 10th, 1834. 
 
 On his mother's side he is a descendant of Edmond Meuillion, his great grand- 
 father, a native of Normandy, Avho emigrated to Louisiana in 1781, when it be- 
 longed to France. 
 
 His grandfather, William Miller, who married Ursula Meuillion in 1800, was 
 one of the earliest settlers of Rapides Parish, and a coteraporarj^ and intimate 
 friend of Daniel Clark, Governor Hyams, and many others whose names are of 
 hivStoric interest in the annals of Louisiana. 
 
 His father, Allison Owen, married Caroline Miller, at Cincinnati, in 1832, of 
 which city he was, for a long term of years, one of its most esteemed and success- 
 ful merchants. He died in 1857. 
 
 Col. W. M. Owen received a liberal education at Kenyon College, Gambler, 
 Ohio, from which institution he graduated with first honors and distinction. 
 
 Soon after leaving school his father took him as a business partner, and this 
 relationship was continued till the death of the former, when Colonel Owen left 
 Cincinnati and came to New Orleans in 1858. 
 
 Here he entered the well-known house of Messrs. George Connolly & Co., cotton 
 factors, Avhere he remained till he, two years later, became a partner in the firm of 
 J. W. Champlin & Co., cotton factors. 
 
 He had joined that famous military organization, the Washington Artillery, 
 previous to the outbreaking of hostilities between the North and South, and on 
 Sunday morning. May 20th, 1861, was mustered, with the other members of the 
 Battalion, into the Confederate service, holding the position of Adjutant, and in 
 a few days after left for Virginia, where, till that memorable surrender at Appo- 
 mattox Court House, as Adjutant in the Washington Artillery, and Major and 
 Lt. Colonel of Artillery in other organizations in Virginia and Tennessee, he served 
 the Confederacy in her great struggle for freedom. 
 
 The compliment paid to this gallant soldier by his Colonel, J. B. Walton, in 
 his dispatches after the second battle of Manasses, embodies, in a few words, the 
 enviable war record of Col. W. M. Owen, " I am under obligations to Lieut. W. 
 
214 
 
 NIJW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 M. Oweu, my always devoted aud brave Adjutant, for distinguished services uuder 
 fire," and Gen. R. E. Lee after the war took occasion to indorse upon a comph- 
 mentary farewell letter of Gen. Longstreet to Col. Owen, as follows: 
 
 " The commendation of Lieut-Gen. Longstreet of the conduct aud services of 
 Ool. W. M. Owen, is fully concurred in. For liis gallantry and devotion he was 
 twice selected for promotion and for the command of a battalion of artillery." 
 
 After the contention which ended so disastrously for the South, he returned 
 to New Orleans and engaged in the cotton business, which he still successfully 
 continues. 
 
 In 1807, Col. Owen married Miss Caroline Zacharie, third daughter of J. W. 
 Zacharie, Esq., who, at the time of his death, was recognized as one of the oldest 
 and most respected merchants in New Orleans. 
 
 When the Washington Artillery was reorganized, August Ith, 1875, Col. 
 Owen resumed his original ])ositiou of 1801, as Adjutant, and upon the retire- 
 ment of Col. Walton, in May, 187(3, he was elected Colonel of the command and 
 has since been unanimously re-elected ; he is now serving his second term as colonel. 
 
 In giving a life sketch so short as a work like this necessitates, it is diflicult to 
 do justice to the subject of it, especially when it is one so widely known and hon- 
 ored as Col Owen, of whom it uiay be truly said that no man in the large commu- 
 nity of which he is so worthy a member, is more noted for exalted character in 
 private life and that his name is a synonym for honor, x)romptitude, efficiency 
 aud enterprise. 
 
 ADOLPHE MEYER. 
 
 This gentleman, now so well known and universally esteemed in business aud 
 social circles of our city, spent his early years in Natchez, Miss., from whence 
 he went to the University of Virginia, to (jomplete his education. 
 
 Upon the breaking out of the late civil war, the Governor of Mississippi sent 
 to young Meyer, who was still at college, a major's commission, which, however, 
 Mr. Meyer did not use. 
 
 He left the University to jom the army of the South, and served throughout 
 
MILITARY. 
 
 216 
 
 the struggle as an officer on the staff" of Gen. John S. Williams, so well known as 
 Cerro Gordo Williams, 
 
 Three years of this service was in Virginia, nnder Gens. Ewing and Breckin- 
 ridge, and the remaindei with Gen. Johnson's army in the corps of Gen. Wheeler. 
 During this period, Mr. Meyer particii)ated in all the battles in which these com- 
 mands were engaged, acting with Judgment, courage and gallantry throughout. 
 
 At the close of the war, Mr. Meyer engaged in commercial pursuits, and in 
 1808 became, and is now a member of the tirm of Meyer, Weis & Co., one of the 
 most wealthy and influential cotton factorage houses of our city. His career as a 
 merchant has been marked by close atteution to business, energy and rare judg- 
 ment, high integrity and unswerving devotion to the interests of his large circle 
 of correspondents. The transactions of the house have grown year by year, 
 until they have reached colossal proi)ortions. During a single season they have 
 received and sold over ] 50,000 bales of cotton, making a business which employs, 
 
 not only the clear heads and active energies of the uieiubers of the tirm, but the 
 services of a large luimber of employees, each one proficieutin the duties assigned 
 to him. 
 
 In 1869, Mr. Meyer was married to Miss Rosa Jonas, daughter of Hon. Abram 
 Jonas, a distinguished lawyer, and a, sister of that brilliant and talented young 
 Louisianian, Hon. B. F. Jonas. 
 
 Upon the establishment of the present State ( Jovernment, Mr. Meyer was 
 commissioned bv Governor i^icholls. Colonel of the 1st Regiment of Infantry of 
 State troops, and to his energy and liberality is largely due the splendid ;;ersoM%ei 
 and esprit du corps of this tine body of our citizen soldiery. 
 
 Col. Meyer is a member of the Association of the Army of Tennessee, and of 
 some of our'^leading social organizations, and is a gentleman of literary tastes and 
 well stored mind. 
 
 Among the young and enterprising men, upon whom rest, to a large extent, 
 the future prosperity and greatness of our city, none give brighter promise than 
 Adolphe Meyer. 
 
Isaac W. Pattoii, Mayor; Alfred H. Isaacson, Amiiiistrator of Finance; John 
 Glynn, Jr., Admiuistrator of Accounts; Washington Marks, Administrator of As- 
 sessments; J. D. Houston, Administrator of Improvements; E, E. Chevalley, Ad- 
 ministrator of Wat erAvorks and Public Buildings; J. Henry Behan, Administrator 
 of Commerce; P. Meallie, Administrator of Police; E. Howard McCaleb, City 
 Attorney ; H. C. Brown, City vSurveyor; Gustave LeGardeur, Jr., City Notary; John 
 Fitzpatrick, Criminal Sheriff; Lionel Adams, Chief Deputy; J. E. Alcee Gauth- 
 reaux, Civil Sheriff"; William W^alsh, Chief Deputy. 
 
 ALFRED HENRY ISAACSON, 
 
 The present Administrator of Finance of the City of New Orleans, was born in 
 Philadelphia, March 5th, 1833, his faiidly, residents of Louisiana, being then on a 
 visit to that city. 
 
 
 His early school days were passed in Covington, La., and his education com- 
 pleted at Anderson's Collegiate Institution, at New Albany, Indiana. 
 
 When quite young his family left the State, but Mr. Isaacson elected to remain, 
 confldently relying u]ion his own exertions to achieve success in the future. 
 
 His early business occupations were varied and responsible, and of a character 
 peculiarly calculated to qualify him for the important role he was destined to fill. 
 
CITY GOVERNMENT. 217 
 
 Successively employed by Cliitteiuleu & Dauieron, and other well known com- 
 mercial houses, and adding continually to his higli character, here and elsewhere. 
 Previous to his election he was at the head of the tirm of Isaacson & Sims, of this 
 city. 
 
 In 1855 Mr. Isaacson was married, in the Parish of St. Landry, to a daughter 
 of Judge John L. Daniel. 
 
 He served as an officer in the Confederate Army in our great struggle. 
 
 Mr. Isaacson has never actively participated in politics, though always a 
 staunch and outspoken advocate of retrenchment and reform. 
 
 His public civil service has been important and succesful. He was Chief Clerk 
 of the House of Representatives during the administrations of Governor Moore 
 and Governor Allen. 
 
 In the cause of charity Mr. Isaacson has always been zealous, and has worthily 
 won his title of Orphari's Friend. During the epidemic of 1878, he was one of the 
 most zealous in nursing the sick and burying the dead, and in fact, undertook 
 alone the responsibility of managing the St. Vincent Infant Asylum and its 200 
 helpless inmates. 
 
 His election to administer the finances of this city by so large a majority of 
 his fellow-citizens, attests the appreciation of this community for his enterprise, 
 public spirit, charitj^, and devotion to the great interests of commerce. 
 
 JOHN GLYNN, Jr. 
 
 Col. Glynn, who is now 38 years old, came to New Orleans when only five 
 years of age, and received his education in the public schools of our city. 
 
 He then entered the counting house of Horrell, Gayle & Co., and remained 
 with that firm until the breaking out of the war between the States. 
 
 He went into the Southern Army as a private in the Orleans Guard (Le- 
 Gardeur's) battery, and was soon promoted to a Lieutenancy. 
 
 Through all the battles, skirmishes and marches, he served uninterruptedly 
 with this command until its surrender at Greensboro, IST. C, and never was absent 
 a single day during his whole term of service. 
 
 On his return, at the close of the war, he again became connected with the 
 old firm and with their successors, B. M. Horrell & Co., finally succeeding to theii- 
 business, which he (jontinued for his own account. Col. Glynn took an active part 
 in organizing the militia in Xew Orleans, and soon took command of Batter^' C of 
 the Louisiana Field Artillery. On the ever memorable 14th of September, 1871, 
 he took this company into action, and led the troops whose galantry won the day. 
 Being in command on the extreme right of the line of the citizen soldiery, he was 
 confronted by the Metropolitan Police, who opened fire on him without warning. 
 Col. Glynn jjromptly ordered his soldiers to charge, and himself directed the 
 movement, which ended in the complete rout of tlie Metropolitans. To his prompt 
 decision, coolness and bravery, the success of the people's cause, on that eventtul 
 day, is largely due. 
 
 The Louisiana Field Artillery, which stands in the foremost rank of our mil- 
 itary organizations, on its reorganization after the 11th of Se[)tember, elected Col. 
 Glynn as its commanding ofiicer, and through his untiring efforts, that corps has 
 been brought to its present high state of efficiency. 
 
 He received the nomination of the Democratic Convention for Administrator 
 of Public Accounts of our city and was elected by an overwhelming majority over 
 two very popular opponents. His thorough knowledge of accounts and his long- 
 business experience, eminently fit him for his present position in our city govern- 
 ment, the duties of which he discharges with much ability. Col. Glynn is an active 
 promoter of out-door sports. He is an excellent rifle shot, and captain of his regi- 
 mental team, the best in ISTew Orleans. He is also an expert at long range shooting. 
 
 He was an active organizer among the pioneers of rowing — the St. John Row- 
 ing Club, one of the finest and richest clubs in the country. He has been elected 
 annually to the presidency of this club for the past five years. 
 
 28 
 
218 i07W ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 In 18G7, Col. Ulynii manied Miss Yignaud. daughter of the late Lucien Vig- 
 uaud, and sister of Mr. Henry Vignaud, Assistant Secretary of the American Le- 
 gation at Paris, and editor of the " Memorial Diplomatique." 
 
 Col. Glynn is a man of sterling integrity, rare business qualifications, and 
 socially a general favorite. He is amongst the foremost of those young representa- 
 tives on whose energy, enterprise and ability the future development and pros- 
 perity of the Crescent City largely depends. 
 
 JOHN HENRY BEHAN, 
 
 Was born in New Orleans, Sept. 22d, 1839, and is the second son of the late James 
 W. Behan, of the old firm of Behan &. Freelaud, who as proprietors of the Orleans 
 Cotton Press, were the pioneers of the cotton press business in this city. 
 
 On the 22d September, 1859, Mr. Behan married a daughter of the late Hon. 
 H. M. Summers. Mr. Behan has been in commercial pursuits, in the cotton press 
 business principally, since 1857, and has always enjoyed the confidence and esteem 
 of all connected with him, and of our business community generally. 
 
 He was for several years superintendent of the Natchez Cotton Press, one of the 
 largest in our city, and by his close attention to his charge and fine administrative 
 abilities he rj^ised himself to prominence in the business. 
 
 During the late quarrel in our family of States, he served with credit in the 
 Southern army. After a year and a half in Virginia 'as orderly sergeant of Com- 
 pany F, DeSoto Rifles, of the 5th Louisiana Beginient, he was promoted by Presi- 
 dent Davis to a 1st Lieutenantcy in the Provisional Army, subsequently made a 
 Cbptain and afterwards assigned to duty as Major anid A. C. S. on General 
 Buford's staff, Forrest's Cavalry, where he served uutil the end of the war and 
 was known among comrades in arms as the " Fighting Commissary." 
 
 Major Behan took an active part in the people's movement which culminated 
 
CITY G YERNMENT. 
 
 219 
 
 on the memorable 14th of kSeptember, 1874, and 9th of January, and contributed 
 his full share to the success of those days. 
 
 His nomination by the Democratic Parish Convention was his advent in 
 l)olitics, and his election by a large majority evidenced the high appreciation of 
 his abilities by his fellow citizens. 
 
 His conscientious discharge of the duties of the responsible position of Ad- 
 
 ministrator of Commerce, where his courtesy, promptness and energy have been 
 admirably displayed, has thus far given entire satisfaction to our commercial com- 
 munity, and especially to that large and influential class connected with the steam- 
 boat and other levee interests of our city. 
 
 Socially Major Behan is a general favorite, and his well stored mind has con- 
 tributed largely Jto the elegance and refinement of many of our past Carnival 
 displays. 
 
 J. R ALCEE GAUTHREAUX 
 
 The subject of this sketch presents a striking example of success compelled 
 by personal merit and exertions alone. 
 
 Born in Assumption Parish, in this State, Oct. o, 1847, his youth was spent 
 upon the estate of his father. 
 
 At the age of 15 he joined the Confederate Army ; was wounded several 
 times, from the effects of which he is still a sufferer. By conspicuous galantry and 
 strict devotion to duty, he won the grade of Major at the age of 18. 
 
 Eeturning to his home after the surrender, he devoted himself to the study of 
 law and the conduct of a newspaper. 
 
 Moving to New Orleans, he engaged in commercial pursuits and became an 
 active i)articipant in the politics of the day. 
 
 His indomitable energy and great administrative ability soon gave him a 
 
220 
 
 yiJW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 foremost place among the prominent representative party men, and to his organi- 
 zation of the Bureau of Eegistration, and his conduct of the campaign work of 
 1874, 1876 and 1878, the Democratic party owes, in a great measure, its present 
 control of our State. 
 
 His appointment to an important trust by Gov. Nicholls, and his subsequent 
 election as Civil Sheriff, illustrate the esteem in which he is held by our people. 
 
 G^. 4S^afl^ 
 
 Major Gauthreaux is eminently a representative and progressive man. In 
 the full vigor of manhood, self-reliant, wariu and constant in his friendships, gen- 
 erous in ail his impulses, and with boundless pluck and energy, there are no civi<'. 
 honors to which he may not reasonably aspir(\ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 STATE GOVERNMENT. 
 
 Francis T. Nicholls, Governor ; Louis A. Wiltz, Lieutenant Goveruor ; Wil- 
 liam A. Strong, Secretary of State; Allen Jumel, Auditor of Public Accounts; 
 Edward A. Burke, State Treasurer ; H. N. Ogden, Attorney General; Eobert M. 
 Lusher, Superintendent of Public Education ; J. O. Landry, State Registrar of 
 Voters ; Major B. M. Harrod, State Engineer. 
 
 E. A. BURKE. 
 
 The subject of this sketch, whose services iu restoring to Louisiana a gov^ern- 
 ment ol" the people, have made him a national reputation, was born in Louisville, 
 
STATE GOVERNMENT. 221 
 
 Ky., in September, 1841. He comes of a fine Irish family ; his ancestors, for three 
 or four generations back, having been officers in the British army. His grand- 
 father was attainted in the Irish rebellion and escaped to this country. His 
 father was born in Boutecourt County, Virginia, and his mother in Culpepper. 
 
 After leaving school, Burke became interested in the railroad business, first 
 around Louisville, then in Louisiana, and afterwards in Texas, where the war 
 found him. Abandoning a pursuit which was bringing him rapid advancement, 
 he cast his lot with the Confederate army, although then but nineteen years of 
 age. He served through the war with distinction, securing the respect and esteem 
 of his officers, and the confidence of all with whom he came in contact. 
 
 He came to New Orleans without money or friends, but seeking work with 
 that persistent energy, characteristic of the man, he soon obtained employment in 
 a marble yard and set to work clipping stone alongside of a colored brother. 
 Doing this, as he does everything, with a hearty good will and an honest desire to 
 excel, he soon attracted attention, and secured advancement and increase of pay. 
 
 The year 1872 found him in charge of the freight department of the Great 
 Jackson Route, a position which he filled with marked abilit}', protecting the in- 
 terests of the Comijany, at the same time that he secured the esteem of its patrons 
 by his prompt, just and equitable discharge of his duties. 
 
 In this year Major Burke received the regular Democra.ic nomination for Ad- 
 ministrator of Improvements, althougb, owing to the putting forward of an inde- 
 pendent candidate in the person of General Beauregard, the Republican nominee 
 was elected. Major Burke, however, received within 1300 votes of his distinguished 
 corai^etitor of the total Conservative vote of 30,000. 
 
 After this Major Burke gradually became prominent in politics. In 1874 he 
 undertook and successfully conducted the arduous work of revising the registra- 
 tion. His conduct in this campaign stamped him as a man of tireless energj'^, 
 prom\)t decision, and unwavering devotion to the cause of the people. 
 
 This was never more strikingly shown than by his part in the great coup of 
 the 14th of September, from which event may be dated the train of events which 
 finally emancipated the State from Radicalism. 
 
 On the night of the 13tli it became known to General Ogdeu that troops had 
 been ordered from Holly Springs, and were expected to arrive by noon the next 
 day. Their arrival would defeat the plans of the leaders of the people, who had 
 resolved upon the overthrow of the Kellogg government, but were also determined 
 not to be brought into conflict with the United States troops. 
 
 In this dilemma Major Burke was consulted, and although he did not unfold 
 them his plans were soon made. Before daybreak his messenger was flying up 
 the Jackson railroad on a hand-car, giving orders to the dift'erent foremen of the 
 gangs then employed in raising the road bed, and a few hours later the South 
 bound train with the soldiers on board was stopped by a gap of some hundred 
 yards, where the workmen had taken up the track and were industriously shovel- 
 ing away at the embankment. There was some loud talk, expostulations and ex- 
 planations, and after a delay of an hour, the track was relaid and the train pro- 
 ceeded on its way. Two miles lower down another stoppage, two hundred yards 
 of track taken up, and the men very hard at work. There was more and louder 
 talk, but after a delay of two hours the train shot off Southward again. About 
 three miles lower down they came to another break of fully five hundred yards. 
 Colonel Brook, who was in command of the troops, lost patience, and even 
 drew his pistol and threatened to shoot a foreman. Burke's plot was a perfect 
 success, and while the regular soldiers were building railroads up about Manchac, 
 the citizen soldiers were thrashing Kellogg's Metropolitans and scattering his gov- 
 ernment to the four winds of heaven. Everybody knew that the United States 
 troops were coming, but no one knew why they did not arrive. Their delay was 
 worthy of the quick-witted, prompt and courageous man who planned it — it was 
 the stroke of a master mind, and to it may be ascribed the success of the move- 
 ment of the Fourteenth of Septejnber. 
 
 This year Major Burke obtained for the second time the regular nomination for 
 Administrator of Improvements, and this time was triumphantly elected. 
 
222 
 
 yUW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 He filled this important office to the entire satisfaction of our citizens, and 
 retired at the end of his term, without one single supported complaint of misman- 
 agement, neglect or extra v^agance. It was universally conceded that his conduct 
 of the Bureau had been a model of accuracy, economy and efficiency ; that the city 
 had expended less money and obtained greater results than under any preceding 
 administration. 
 
 In the campaign of ISTfi, Major liiirke took a prominent and leading part, and 
 by his untiring zeal, rare judgment, firm and unwavering fight for Justice and 
 right, politic and cautious councils, and his sterling integrity, he contributed more 
 than any other leader to the final triumph of the peoi)le\s government. 
 
 Having served his State in this trying time with so much ability and fidelity, 
 it was natural and riglit that those whom he liad benefitted should seek to do him 
 honor, and, consequently in 1878, his nomination for State Treasurer was received 
 with enthusiasm, and his election followed, with a majority which, though a flat- 
 tering endorsement was a well merited com])liment and a just recognition of his 
 merits. 
 
 Major Burke is impidsive and generous by nature — a man of rare conversa- 
 tional powers, a rapid thinker and pleasing speaker — frank, straightforward and 
 manly — a man wno combines the qualities of a ])opular leader, a good citizen and 
 the pride and honor of the home circle. 
 
 WILL. A STRONG 
 
 Is a son of Capt. Walcott A. Strong, of the United States army, who resigned his 
 commission in the service in 1835, and removed to this State, where he engaged in 
 planting, and took an active part in the events of his time. He was appointed by 
 Governor Nicholls on his staff, with the rank of maior, and died in 1878, at the 
 age of 74 years. 
 
 Hon. Will. A. S rong was born in Natchitoches Parish, La., on the 14th of 
 September, 1847. He was attending St. Joseph's College in Natchitoches, when 
 
ESTATE GOVERNMENT. 
 
 223 
 
 the war commenced, and although then only in his fifteenth year, he left his 
 school-books, and joined Co. D., 2d Louisiana Cavalry, as a private. He was a 
 participant in all the skirmishes and battles of the command, amongst which, was 
 the important engagement at Mansfield, where General Bank's forces were so 
 completely routed. Young Strong was wounded at Caroncrow, in 1863, and again 
 at McNab's Hill, in 1864. 
 
 At the close of the war, Mr. Strong engaged in planting and merchandising 
 in the parishes of Bienville and Winn. He was married in 1870, at Lewisville, 
 Winn Parish, to Miss IST. M. Sims, daughter of W. H. Sims and Sarah N. Stewart, 
 of Monroe County, Ga. 
 
 Mr. Strong wa\; elected a member of the House of Representatives, of Louis- 
 iana, in 1872, at the time of the contest between ( rovernors McEnery and Kellogg. 
 Believing that the Democratic cause had been largely triumphant, he refused to 
 take his seat in the Legislature, organized by the Radicals, although his seat was 
 not (Contested. He served in the Democratic House, which recognized the election 
 
 of Governor McEnery, as long as it met. He has remained a firm supporter of 
 the people's cause, and has largely contributed to its final success, through the 
 establishment of the Xicholls Government, in 1877. 
 
 Without any solicitation on his part, he was nominated by the Democratic 
 Convention of 1876, for the office of Secretary of State, the news of his choice 
 was the first information that he received on the subject. He was elected by an 
 overwhelming majority, and since his induction into office, has discharged his 
 duties with promptness and ability, combined with courtesy and amiability, giving 
 entire satisfaction to a wide constituency. 
 
 Mr. Strong is such a man as our State requires in her public offices ; quick in 
 decision, of high administrative ability, energetic and entherprisiug and of ster- 
 ling integrity, he devotes himself entirely to the discharge of his duties, and the 
 service of the State in whose prosperity and development he is so largely 
 interested. 
 
224 IfUW ORLEANS ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 BALTIMORE AND OHIO. 
 
 Amougst travelers no road is more familiar nor more popular than the Balti- 
 more and Ohio Railroad, one of the most important connections of the great Jack- 
 sou Route. One of the oldest and best managed corporations in America, it has 
 its agents in every city of the Uuion, men of ability, character and standing, who 
 are not only capable but always ready and willing to give those who contem- 
 plate traveling valuable information, not only of their own road, but as to other 
 points that may arise. 
 
 The scenery along the Baltimore and Ohio is celebrated for its grandeur, 
 beauty and diversity, now the massive and rugged Allegheny Mountains, and 
 again the quiet, classic charms of the Potomac. To these attractions must be 
 added those of the road itself, with its double-tracked line, its steel rails on stone 
 ballast, magnificent iron bridges, its excellent hotels, replete with all modern im- 
 provements, and its luxurious coaches. 
 
 Those who travel by the Baltimore and Obio have speed, safety, comfort and 
 pleasure assured to them. 
 
 Col. R. G. Hulbert, whose affable and courteous manners make him a favorite 
 with all who know bim is the Southern Agent of this route. He may be found at 
 the office of the (rreat Jackson Route, under the City Hotel. 
 
 HOWARD ASSOCIATION 
 
 This society, which was organized in August, 1837, has always held a fore- 
 most rank among the benevolent associations of New Orleans. During seasons of 
 health and prosperity it is seldom heard of, but when pestilence and want stalk 
 abroad, the members buckle on their armor, and, with a self-abnegntion well 
 worthy of the memory of the great English philanthropist from whom the society 
 takes its name, go forth to relieve the suffering and distress of their fellow-beings, 
 making no distinction on account of wealth or position in their ministrations. 
 
 The widespread aid given by the Howards last year during the yellow fever 
 epidemic, has deservedly added to their good name, of their administrative abili- 
 ties ; and the ready responses which came from all parts of the civilized world to 
 their appeal for funds, show that this association is trusted and respected abroad 
 as fully and implicitly as at home. J. M. Vandergriff, President; F. R. South- 
 may de, Secretary; R. L. Robertson, Treasurer. 
 
 YOUNG MEN S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION 
 
 This excellent society, which has wielded a steady and extended iatlueuce for 
 good in this city for over twenty-five years, is of more than local fame, through its 
 charities, the activity of its members in aiding the needy at all times, procuring 
 work for young men out of employment, and many other acts of sympathy and 
 assistance. 
 
 During the progress of the yellow fever epidemic of last summer, the 
 action of this Association was of the most liberal and self-sacrificing order. 
 For over three months its members were found ministering night and day, in 
 all quarters of our pest-stricken city, with such devotion and judicious care as has 
 seldom been witnessed, never surpassed in the annals of benevolence. These 
 gentlemen disbursed 181,541 50, received in sums of varying amounts from a 
 thousand sources, and did so with such admirable system, that they were able to 
 account for every cent distributed. They felt and discharged their obligations to 
 God and their fellow-men with conscientious kindness and impartialitv. 
 
 Officers, 1879-80— W. T. Hardie, President ; B. T. Walshe, Vice-President ; 
 Chas. H. Disque, Treasurer ; E. E. Leland, Corresponding Secretary ; E. S. Upton, 
 Recording Secretary. 
 
liiidiB^r*?: 
 
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 (ESTASLISBED 1865.) 
 
 / 
 
 American & Foreign Patents, Trade Marks, 
 
 OO^lTRZCI^^^I'S, ETC, 
 
 Procured by H. N. JENKllSiS, 
 
 J^^Clrculars of Instruction sent by Mall free of cbaree. 
 
 B 
 
JBOOKS! 
 
 
 Booksellers S'ationeis and rriiiters. Blank Books mako i<i (iider. Mcronntile Stationery of every description. 
 
 SCHOOL AHD THEOLOGICAL BOOKS, 
 
 Fine aud P''aii(\v I'aper and Envelopes. 
 
 ELLIS' CITJCTITLATIIVO LIBItAmr, 
 
 /\lo. 82 CAMP STREET, NEAR NATCHEZ STREET, NEW ORLEANS. 
 
 Subscription Agents for all the loadiii>; Magazines and Periodicals published in the United States and Great Britain. 
 
 A. B. GRISWOLD & CO, 
 
 IMPORTERS OF 
 
 -^Watches, Dian^onds and JewGlry,j<- 
 
 SILVER AND PLATED WARE, and MILITARY GOODS, 
 
 COBMEFx CAMAL AJV'D BOYAL STBEETS, 
 NEW ORLEANS. 
 
 Wl^olesale Srocers & Importers of Wines & Liquors, 
 
 S6 TchoupitoiUas Street and SJj. Meiv Levee, 
 
 (Between Natcliez and Gravier,) 
 
 
 lAWYB 
 
 
 p. O. BOX 4BO. 
 
 2r> CABONnELBT STREET, 
 
 FRANCIS B. LEE, 
 
 ATTORNEY AT LAW. 
 
 27 CA.ROIsri3ELET ST., 
 
 NEW ORLEANS, LA, 
 
COMMERCIAL 
 
 COLLEGE, 
 
 
 FOUNDED IN 1856. 
 
 C-^^-.A^li^:^-^ 
 
 LITERARY 
 
 INSTITUTE. 
 
 CHARTERED IN 186!. 
 
 CORNEH ST. eHAl^LKS AlVD LAFAY^ETTE STREETS. 
 
 (Opposite the City Hall.) 
 DAT AND EVENING SESSIONS THE ENTIRE YEAR. This Institution comprises the following Schools on 
 
 the Electic S^ stem : 
 
 1. A Full Course I'mcthal Biisim-ss Collet/'; Enihiacino; Seven Branches of Study, in which Mercantile and 
 Banking Otiices are conntcted/ Daily Lectures given and business regularly transacted. Z,ti dies fire reccired in 
 this Department. 
 
 3. An Keleetie Kiujlish Jiisfifiife, Embracing Thirteen Blanches of Study, for boys of l:{ year.s and upwards. 
 
 :i. Ati Intertnedid'te Ein/lisJi Srhool, Ciimbinitiir the Olijpot Teach nsr Method, for bovs frnm 9 to 14 year.-<. 
 
 There are aUo D^putiuents for th.i Hit/her Mutheiiidtiek, Xafiirnr P/iiloso/tliy, l>rniriiig, Tcletiraphi Hij, 
 the Fretieli, Spttiiish, GernKni, l.iiti it aii'l (ireek l^unriinifies. 
 
 fAitures are given oa the various subjects studied and also on Anatoiiti/, Vlnjsiolixjij, Hyijiene, fhrenologij. 
 Astronomy, (reolof/i/, Ete., Ete. 
 
 This Institution has a large, ertioient and faithful corps of teachers, who liave (inalifled for special service in the 
 various tiolds of ediicatiou ; itscuriiculuin embraces Tliirty-tivo Jirrniehes of Study, taught by the most improved 
 progressive ai'd philo,soiihic methods. 
 
 There are Day aud Evening Sessions, Daily Lectures and Gymnasium Exercise. Special care is given to native 
 capacity, disposhion, health and manners Students are free to' the college library and Debating Society. It is non- 
 sectarian, has large, well ventilated stuilv rooms, lecture halls, and all necest;arv a))p.TraMis , 
 
 For Oataloa:ue. adilr-ss : OEO. SOTTT^ T^". Fresident. 
 
 SE\i> i'<ni 
 
 rAMVHLEJ. 
 
 
 The Best and Cheapest Apparatus for Supplying 
 Dwellings, &c., with a 
 
 BRILLIANT, UNIFORM AND STEADY 
 
 Combining Simplicity. Economy and Safety. 
 
 Patentee and Manufacturer, 
 
 WM. H. SEYMOUR, 
 lOTAEY F¥BLI€ A^B COMMISSIO^EK OF DEEDS, 
 
 For New York, Missouri, Illinois, Mississippi, Texas and other States, 
 procured from theS^ate De]>artmciit in Wash i no-ton. 
 ]Vo. v^O 0XJSTO31HOTJSE JS«TRKET, 
 
 NEW ORLEANS. 
 
 Pa>-8pt)rt8 
 
 =^ 
 
 NEW ORLEANS CITY AND BUSINESS DIRECTORY, 
 
 Combined in one volume and published annually, 
 OFFICE: Vo. 5 COMMERCIAL PLACE, COR NEB CAMP STREET. 
 
niFFirfln (^otton Mif i^pplg 
 
 NEW ORLEANS, La. 
 
 oroa^ 3^ Q^^, 
 
 ^'^O CA 
 
 T'E'^' 
 
 1©1 ©^^^1-, ^«S«j, ^©"^er Q'^|©amg, 
 
 Door/]/ umber P/afes, Jewe/ry, Si/verware, Sea/s, etc. , Neat/y Engraved. 
 STENCIL AND MARKING PLATES. 
 
 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER IN 
 
 P 
 
 ^fJJBSSs vmww mwwR\ ".\\\\*,\\\ \">sss\®5sJ 's^v,,,,;;- ^;» 
 
 %l 
 
 WWWWWw' V\\\(«- ^S!5i\5ss: WKSvWsi 'iM 
 
 
 FOETLAED AID^ EOSIIBALI €1M1IT. 
 
 White and Yellow tSancl, Hair, LatJis, Fire Clay, Tiles, Shells, Yellow and 
 
 Red Ochre, Lamp Blaeic, Alum, Glue, and all kinds of Brichs and 
 
 Building Materials , also Sugar Lim,e and Charcoal, 
 
 1 3 6 BASIH STREET, cor, of ToulonsG,^ 
 
 Old ScL»>*iii, 
 
 IVEW OlfcLEANS. 
 
DSTE^sT^ OK^IjEjf^ISrS, XjJ^L. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 i?,j^,* 
 
 ©^.^©^X)* 
 
 MICHAEL FRA^K, 
 
 ALBERT CHAPSKY, 
 
 THAD'S D. VAN HORN. 
 
 f'ive-Pt'esltlent. 
 
 Does a regular Banking and Exchange Business. Loans niade upon all classes of Col- 
 laterals and Warehouse Receipts for Merchandise or Produce. Collections 
 made and returns promptly remitted. 
 
 .••.>^N»•••'•-•*,'*w•' 
 
 JUDGE GEO. H. BRAUGHN, ALBERT CHAPSKY, 
 
 JACOB HASSINGER, HERMAN F. KLUMPF, 
 
 LOUIS LEONHARD, CHAS. H. SCHENCK, 
 
 PH. W. DIELMAN, 
 AUGUST KOENIG, 
 MICHAEL FRANK. 
 
 METROPOLITAN BANK, 
 
 NEW ORLEANS, May Slat, 1879. 
 
 STATEMENT OF THE CONDITION OF THIS BANK, 
 
 AT THE CLOSE Oi' liUSINESS THIS HAY. 
 
 ASSETS. 
 
 Real Estate |53,5b5 00 
 
 State Consols $20,000 
 
 City Consols 8,000 
 
 N. O., J. and G. N. R.R. Bonds 36,000 
 U. S. 4 per Cent. Bonds .... 55,450 
 
 City Premium Bonds 28,«00 
 
 N. O. Water Woriis Stock. . . 4,800 
 State Warrants 9.441 
 
 Domestic Exchange 
 
 Loans due in 90 Days 
 
 Loans not due in 90 Days ... 
 Loans on Demand 
 
 Fixtures and Furniture 
 
 Current expenses and taxes... 
 
 Cash Items: Gold and Silver 
 Coin, U. S. and National 
 Bank Notes and Checks 
 on Local Banks 
 
 109,.505 71 
 
 24,591 08 
 
 134,120 26 
 
 40,243 50 
 
 18,235 24 
 
 2,500 00 
 
 9,833 50 
 
 74,783 79 
 $467,398 08 
 
 LIABILITIES. 
 
 Capital Stock $223,697 55 
 
 Interest Bt-aring Deposits 20,206 34 
 
 Non-interest Bearing Deposits.... 122,186 68 
 
 Dividends unjtaid 23 85 
 
 Banks and Bankers 70,181 25 
 
 Undivided Protits • 22,005 18 
 
 Other Liabilities 9,097 23 
 
 $467,398 08 
 The foregoing statement is correct and true. 
 
 T. D. VAN HORN, 
 
 Cctghier. 
 
 LOUIS LEONHARD, ^Directors 
 A. CHAPSKY, ^Directors. 
 
 Sworn to and subscribed before me, Notary, 
 on this 3d day of June, A. D. 1879. 
 
 BENJAMIN ORY, 
 
 Notary Public. 
 
 Published in accordance with Act No. 91, of 
 1877. 
 
 E. A. PURKE, 
 
 Stats Trtamt/rttr 
 
Vj»_,^J%sSi 
 
 ^ 
 
 mm 
 
 ^^^ 
 
 \A^HOLESALE DEALER IN 
 
 S 
 
 tppct 
 
 ftf iitf ^ fmtu 
 
 •V7"IOK:IIsI Gh, 
 
 r. 
 
 liiii f Mitit Jit 1 1 siifiii 
 
 ^. 
 
 -ALSO 
 
 notlillillomlilarcif 
 
 amt ¥uvnis 
 
 BROOMS, MATS, BRUSBBS, ETC., 
 
 Ijinfl €joo(1$ 
 
 Paper, Paper Bins, Fire Worb, Toys, Tin anfl Japaoiefl fare, 
 
 NOS. 59, 61, 6:3 & 65 GIUVJER STREt^T, 
 
 -AND- 
 
 21 AND 23 TCHOUPITOULAS STREET, 
 
 Comer Tchoupitoulas and Gravier Streets, 
 
 PROMPT ATTENTION TO ORDERS. 
 
 lie largest assortment of Toys and Fire Works in the South at 
 
 the Lowest Prices. 
 
m i^xUnm Ic^, 
 
 DAILY AND WEEKLY. 
 
 I^P^SlStS PROPRIETORS. 11^ lilBglt- 
 
 
 i>-urBijis:E3:EiD iisr ntEisrcn, 
 
 -IS 
 
 THE OLDEST PAPER IN THE SOUTHWEST. 
 
 CIRCULATES EXTENSIVELY IN THE 
 
 •AMII 
 
 OF LOXJISIA]VA^. 
 
 IS RECEIVED IN 
 
 FRANCE, MEXICO AND THE WEST INDIES, 
 
 A Very Valuable Medium for Advertising. 
 
 OFFICE, NO. 73 CHARTRES STREET, 
 
 NEW ORLEANS. 
 
THE 
 
 I THE LEADING JOURNAL OF THE SOUTH, j 
 
 PUBLISHED DAILY AND WEEKLY. 
 
 Devoted to Literature and General News — The Discussion of State and National 
 
 Topics — The welfare of the Planting Interest — The Progress of Southern 
 
 Commerce, and the Regeneration of Prosperity in the Southern States. 
 
 The TIMES is printed ou new, clear and handsome type, and has the only 
 
 HOE'S SIX CYLINDER PRESS 
 
 In the South, capable of printing 15,000 copies per hour. 
 
 The Proprietors of the New Orleans Dally and Weekly Times, encouraged by the liberal support 
 
 given to this Journal, have made ample arrangements for its improvement, 
 
 with a view to making it in every respect, a 
 
 Fii[st-Class Souther Faiily Newspaper, 
 
 Terms of Daily, $12 per annum. Half Yearly, $6. Quarterly, $3. 
 
 THE TVEEXSL7 TIMES 
 
 Is devoted to the discussion of topics of vital imijorfcance to the interests of the Gulf States ; con- 
 tains a carefully prepared compendium of the news of each week, original and selected literary 
 and miscellaneous matter, tales, poetry, etc., correspondence from all parts of the country and 
 abroad, a EesumS of the New Orleans Markets, etc., et6. 
 
 TERMS OF THE WEEKLY, . - - $2 PER ANNUM. 
 
 AND AT THE SAME RATE HALF-YEARLY AND QUARTERLY. 
 
 TERMS INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE. 
 
 STOUTEMYER & JUDSON, Proprietors. 
 
 I. N. STOUTEMYER, Editor. 
 
 WM. H. H. JUDSON, Busineas Manager. 
 
I giBiemi wic St! ff * Sit si 
 
 Has acquired an assured position in this community as a 
 
 Reliable Exponent of Public Opinion, 
 
 Containing all the News 'p^^f ^^^^^_ 
 
 in a condensed form, \^|r;'~^fl 
 
 and full details of all ^~\| J^ " 
 
 Local Occurrences!^" \s«::^w^ ^' 
 
 ^>^m\^ wwvwwvrj 
 
 mv,\\\\ TOsswsS ^ssusjss^js,'^ 
 
 Will still be delivered 
 daily to subscribers at 
 the low rate of 
 
 le immmTm. wmm wrmmmm.^ 
 
 SUNDAYS INCLUDED. 
 
 As it visits the homes of more of our people than ANY OTHER CITY PAPER, and commands 
 the approval of a larger clientage, it should command a correspondingly generous 
 
 .^ 
 
 JM©I 
 
 AND 
 
 Catholic Messenger, 
 
 ii< 
 
 m. 
 
 CORN Eli CAMP HTBEET. 
 
 Most RsY. N. J. PERCHS, 
 
 TH02. G. RAPIER, 
 
 Archbishop N, O., Presid^fut. 
 
 Vice President. 
 
 THE MORNING STAR having an EXTENSIVE CIRCULATION throughout LOUISIANA, 
 TEXAS, ALABAMA and GEORGIA, and being regularly received by almost every Catholic 
 family in New Orleans, is one of the best advertising mediums offered to the public 
 
 Single copies 5 cents. The paper is delivered by carriers at the same rate, payable monthly or 
 quarterly. 
 
 By Mail— One copy, one year, |3; five copies, one year, 12 50; ten copies, one year, $22 50; 
 twenty copies, one year, |40. 
 
 No orders will receive attention unless accompanied by the cash. 
 
 Squares. 
 1.... 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 RATKS OF ADVEHTISINO: 
 
 1 MontU. 2 Mos. 3 Mos. 6 Mos. 12 Mos. 
 
 ... I 5 $ 9 $12 $ 20 $ 30 
 
 . 9 16 20 31 50 
 
 ... 16 22 28 44 70 
 
 The above rates are subject to a discount of 25 per cent. 
 
THE 
 
 lomsiaiia^iiuttabielife 
 
 INSURANCE CO. 
 39 CAROXTDELST STREET, 
 
 s'w omis^^:^! 
 
 iisrooE.i'oiiA.TEX) ises. 
 
 ■^••.^•#"% ••*.•%.'•. 
 
 THE LOUISIANA REGISTRY LAW APPLIED.toall POLICIES ISSUED BY THIS COMPANY. 
 
 Surplus as to Registered Policy Holders, - - - - $200,000 00 
 Death Lossses Paid siuce Orgamzation, - - . - $570,000 00 
 
 E. B. BRIGGS, President. 
 
 A. PATTON, Secretary. 
 
 JNO. HENDERSON, Vice President. 
 
 Dr. JNO. H. PIKE, Mediccal Director. 
 
 BREAUX, FENNER & HALL, CounseL 
 
 AMONG ITS POLICY HOLDERS THE FOLLOWING NAMES ARE TO BE FOUND 
 
 PROMINENT : 
 
 W. B. Schmidt. 
 Octave Forst.all, 
 Gas. A. Breanx, 
 Joseph Hernandez, 
 J. P. Carrere, 
 F. M. HaU, 
 Mrs. A. E. Bringier, 
 H. H. Price, 
 J no. Boland, 
 Alfred F. Jones, 
 Lloyd R. Coleman, 
 Arthur W. Hyatt, 
 E. J. Hart, 
 Jno. F>. Levert, 
 
 Gov. F. T. NichoUs, 
 Henry Tremoulet, 
 Marshall J. Smith, 
 Harry H. Hall, 
 Jno. a. Fleming, 
 Christian Mehle, 
 Isaac W. Patton, 
 H. F. L. Meador, 
 B. F. Poters, 
 G>!0. W. Race, 
 Jno. Cliaffe, 
 Christopher Chaffe, 
 Wm. H. Renaud, - 
 Sheldon W. Clark, 
 
 Allen Jumel, 
 Amedeq Coutonri6, 
 Aaron H. Nelson, 
 Win. H. Chaffe, 
 Chas. Chaffe, 
 W. A. Johnston, 
 H. D. Coleman, 
 Thos. C. Herndon, 
 Oscar Bercier, 
 Jossph A. Aiken, 
 Jno. Doufijlass, 
 Jno. I. Adams, 
 Will A. Strong, 
 Pierre Lanaux, 
 
 Alhert Baldwin, 
 W. Miller Owen, 
 Columbns H.Allen, 
 Isaac L. Lyons, 
 Wm. H. Byrnes, 
 E. B. Briggs, 
 S. K. Rnss, 
 Chas. J. Carriere, 
 Thos. A. Archer, 
 Henry J. Vose, 
 Hy W. Fairchild, 
 W. B. Krumbhaar, 
 Leon Queyrouse, 
 Blayney T.Walshe, 
 
 Chas. T. Howard, 
 J. D.VanBenthuys'n 
 John Armstrong, 
 Adam Thomson, 
 Ben] imin J. West, 
 F;ed. N. Ogden, 
 Chas. E. Fenner, 
 Jos. P. Hornor, 
 Sam'l M. Todd, 
 L. Lacombe, 
 A. Schrieber, 
 Chas. N. Wogan, 
 Jno. D. Rouse, 
 A. Patton. 
 
 MOSES SCnWARTZ 
 
 LOUIS SCHWARTZ. 
 
 M. SCHWARTZ <& BRO., 
 
 DE.^LTSJRS IINT 
 
 Engines 
 
 , Pumps ntrsT. Machinery a Specialty. 
 
 149 to 169 MACJAZIIl ST., lew Orleaaa 
 
 Bar, Hoop, Sheet and Boiler Irou. Nails and all kinds Riveta. Bolta, Nuts, "Washeia. Anvils, Sledges. 
 
 Road Scrapers. Shovels, Spades. Rubber Hose Beltiua; and Packing. Steam Whistles. 
 
 Anoliors, Chains, Bellows, Vises. Steel Blacksmith Tools. Steam Gauges. 
 
 Water Gauges. Wheelbarrows, Gas I'ipe. Steam and Gas Pipe Fittings. 
 
 Agents for Deane's Steam Pumps. Friedman's Pat, Injactors. Shaple7 & Wells' Portable Engines. 
 
,m 
 
 M\& 
 
 yiiin ^ 
 
 1 
 
 m^ft 
 
 ^<i> 
 
JOHN CHAFFE & SON>S, 
 
 Cotton Factors' and Coffliiiissioii Mercliaiits, 
 
 52 UNION STREET. 
 
 JOHN M. GOULD & SON, 
 
 AYholesale Dealers in 
 
 HATS, BOOTS & SHOES, 
 
 No. 8 MAGAZINE STREET. 
 
 THEO. DANZIGER'S SONS, 
 Fancy and Staple Dry Goods, 
 
 No. 131 CANAL STREET. 
 
 CLARKE & MEADER, 
 
 Importers and Dealers iu 
 
 Groceries, Teas, Wines, Etc., 
 
 16 & 18 CARONDELET STREET, 
 And Corner St. Charles and Napoleou Avenues 
 
 FACTORS' & TRADERS' INS. CO. 
 Fire, River and IVIarine Risks, 
 
 E. A. PALFREY, Pres. THOS. F. WALKER, Secy. 
 37 CARONDELET STREET. 
 
 WM. B. LANCASTER, 
 
 J^ttoT^TiGy at La^T^, 
 
 30 CAMP STREET. 
 
 MERRICK, RACE & FOSTER, 
 LAWYERS, 
 
 No. 5 COMMERCIAL PLACE. 
 
 GEO. H. BRAUUHN. CHArt. F. BLCK. MAX. DIXKELSPIEL. 
 
 BRATJGHN, BUCK & DINKELSPIEL, 
 -A^ttorneys at La^v, 
 
 No. 17 COMMERCIAL PLACE, 
 NEW ORLEAVTS, LA. 
 
 Dr. W. S, MITCHELL, 
 
 OFFICE, Room "C," Gallier Court, 
 
 11 CARONDELET STREET 
 
 Residence, 179 Eighth Street. 
 
 de. c. beard, 
 OCULIST, 
 
 142 CANAL STREET. 
 
 F, R. HARDON, 
 
 FASHIONABLE MILLINERY 
 
 27 and '20 CHARTKES STREET. 
 
 J. L. HARRIS & CO., 
 
 Cottou Factors aud Coffluiissiou Mercliaiits, 
 
 38 PERDIDO STREET. 
 
 E. H. ADAMS & BRO., 
 
 FRESH AND SEASONABLE 
 
 594 MAGAZINE STREET. 
 
 Call on GEO. BLUMSTEIN, at EUGENE'S- 
 (THE ROYAL BARBER.) 
 
 Hair-Cutting and Shaving Saloon, 
 
 133 COMMON, bet. Caiiip and St. Charles Sts. 
 And lie irill fi.r i/oii up tiice, 
 
 GEORGE ELLIS & BRO. 
 
 Printers and Stationers, 
 
 CAMP STREET, 
 
 82 
 
 82. 
 
 HEBRARD & ROCA, 
 
 Coal /Alercliaiits, 
 
 1 CARONDELET STREET. 
 
 TOWNSEND & LYMAN, 
 
 BUT AND SELL 
 
 Gold. Silver, Stocks ^ Bonds, 
 
 138 GRAVIER STREET. 
 
 JOHIX'S R:ESTAXJItA]NT, 
 
 16 &, 18 BOURBON STREET. 
 Handsomely Furnished Rooms aud a Luxu- 
 rious Table at Reasonable Prices. 
 JOHN STUENNA, Projirietor. 
 
 LEWIS GRAHAM, 
 
 BOOK AND JOB PRINTER, 
 
 127 GRAVIER STREET. 
 
 FLASH, PRESTON & CO., 
 
 WHOLESALE GROCERS, 
 
 Nos. 44 & 46 CANAL STREET, 
 AndNos. 63 & 65 COMMON STREET. 
 
AITDREW HERO, Jr., 
 
 NO. 17 COMMERCIAL PLACE, 
 
 NEW ORLEANS, LA. 
 
 atcwg iiitbJic mid ^omnmrnonety 
 
 FOR. 
 
 Maine, 
 
 New Hampshire, 
 
 Vermont, 
 
 Massachusetts, 
 
 Rhode Island, 
 
 Connecticut, 
 
 New York, 
 
 New Jersey, 
 
 Pennsylvania, 
 
 Delaware, 
 
 Maryland, 
 
 Viro-inia, 
 
 West Virginia, 
 
 North Carolina, 
 
 South Carolina, 
 
 Georgia, 
 
 Florida, 
 
 Alabama, 
 
 Mississippi, 
 
 Louisiana, 
 
 Texas, 
 
 Ohio, 
 
 Indiana, 
 
 Illinois, 
 
 Michigan, 
 
 Wisconsin, 
 
 Minnesota, 
 
 Iowa, 
 
 Missovu'i, 
 
 Arkansas, 
 
 Kentucky, 
 
 Tennessee, 
 
 Kansas, 
 
 California, 
 
 Oregon, 
 
 Washington,, 
 
 Nebraska, 
 
 Colorado^ 
 
 Nevada, 
 
 Dakota, 
 
 Idaho, 
 
 Utah, 
 
 Arizona, 
 
 Montana, 
 
 New Mexico. 
 
 Only A uthomed Manufacturer of Dr. DOUGLAS BL Y 'S Potent 
 
 ATTZFICl AL LEGS <& ARMS 
 
 IIV THE SOUTHKIilV STATES. 
 
 (Authorized Manufacturer for the U. S. Government.) ' 
 
 Prices grentlj/ lii'iJiicrtl. Siitisfnction f/Kortniteed in ereri/ case or no Jin;/ ashed. 
 
 Descriptive Pamphlets sent free. Call on, or iiddress me at 
 
 IVo. ?203 0A.M:I» STItEET, 
 
 Between Julia and St. Joseph sts. ^New Orleans. 
 
 A ^A/^EEKLY JOURNAL DEVOTED TO THE INTERESTS OF 
 
 It contains Reliable Quotations, the Latest Ne-ws and Interesting General Information, 
 Making it a WELCOME VISITOR in the Counting-House or at the Fireside. 
 
 SUBSCRIPTION, $1 50 PER ANNUM. 
 
 A. MEYNIER, Jr., Editor and Proprietor, 
 
 77 DECATUR STREET, NEW^ ORLEAjfS. 
 
"^tlUifi 
 
 OFFICE AND mm FACTORY, 41 ROYAL STREET, 
 
 mmim' 'oMT:^ms^mm~ 
 
 &.«, 
 
 W 
 
 Of all Sizes and Qualities on handj 
 
 t 
 j\.IVD OUT OTV SOOR^T INOTICE. 
 
 P. L. CUSACHS, 
 
 Manager, 
 
► r~QiP~'**u>'''xoJ^ 
 
 THE OXjIDEST 
 
 -AND- 
 
 fast ^o^nhr nnd ^ufJttenHdl ^ewB^n^er, 
 
 HAVING A 
 
 SOTATII 
 
 LARGER THAN THAT OF ANY PAPER PUBLISHED IN THE SOUTH. 
 
 AN INDEPENDENT, GOpRVATllJOUIiM 
 
 TO PROMOTE THE 
 
 'COMMERCIAL, MECHANICAL, AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL IN- 
 TERESTS OF THE SOUTHERN PEOPLE ; TO GIVE THE LATEST 
 NEWS; TO CULTIVATE LITERATURE, AND COMMEND ITSELF AS 
 
 JIK UNEXCEPTIONABLE SOUTHERN FAMILY NEWSPAPER, 
 
 PUBLISME© DMLY Mm WpKLY 
 
 -BY- 
 
 !k5S^s?^^'' ^Sn^ 
 
 ,iVIRS. E. J. NICHOLSON. 
 
 GEO. NICHOLSON, 
 
 PROPRIETORS- 
 
 TERMS OF THE PICAYUNE: 
 
 Katks of Subscription— Daily, per annum, in advance, $12: Half yearly, $6; Quarterly, 
 $3. Single copies Five cents. 
 '_ , Weekly Picayune— Two dollars per annnm. Single copies Five cents. 
 
sp 
 
 <0)*' 
 
 i-'^m 
 
 mtKT MilBDI-GH^S F.4LLS 01 FEBRU1..BY 10, 1S80. 
 
 THE 
 
 Fcr the Season of 1S79 80, will have a circulation of 
 
 o 
 
 >3.^^ 1 
 
 The Eoyal Heeald — Official Journal of Carnival Court — is a hand- 
 somely illustrated paper 19x24, printed in new and clear type, containing a 
 large amount of interesting, amusing and entertaining reading matter, svliicli 
 makes it a 
 
 wherever it goes. It is devoted to the interests of the AssocititioDS under 
 whose auspices are given the 
 
 OF THE 
 
 
 and by them the paper is circulated in Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Texas, 
 Georgia, Arkansas, and elsewhere 
 
 THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY. 
 
 Those who wish to receive the paper for the coming season, can have it 
 "sent to any address, by remitting 50 Cents to cover postage, etc. 
 
 Address—^ 
 
 J. CVRTIS WALDO, 
 
 -SO-o- 
 
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