HISTORY FIRST TROOP Philadelphia City Cavalry. 1774. NOVEMBER, 17, 1874. reni^lVana d^alru.'hf^rrcef 1 .-upKia^ ^^'^%^ 7.9 f i V A^ HISTORY FIRST TROOP Philadelphia City Cavalry. 1774. NOVEMBER, 17, 1874. >R1NTED FOR THE TrOO MDCCCLXXV, By HALLOWELL & CO., Phil Reports. UPON the approach of the Centennial Anniversary of the formation of the Troop, the propriety of compiling a history more extended than the publications entitled "Muster-Roll and Papers Selected from the Archives," which had appeared in 1815, 1840 and 1S56, impressed itself upon the members; and, by a resolution of the Company adopted on March 4th, 1S72, a committee was appointed to revise the papers with a view to publishing a complete history of the Troop for the past one hundred years. The committee entered at once upon its duties, and to the present time has been fully occupied in collecting, arranging and preparing the material here presented. All the records, rolls, letters and other papers in the possession of the Company have been care- fully examined and classified, and have afforded much information heretofore overlooked. Circulars were addressed to relatives and descendants of former members, and, from the answers to these, light has been thrown upon some otherwise obscure points ; in a few instances original letters were presented to the Company; while, in others, the note-books and journals of early Troopers were freely lent to the committee. The most valuable paper which has come into possession of the committee is a MS. found among the archives of the Company, written in 1823 by John Donaldson, the first enlisted member, and afterwards Quartermaster, who was present with the Troop during its .service in the Revolutionary struggle. This narrative gives a sketch of the duty per- formed by the Company during that period, and has been valuable not only as filling the gaps which existed in the fragmentary history of the Troop, but as having, by the informa- tion given, suggested an examination of works of local history which otherwise might not have been noticed. That portion of the history of the Troop coming within our own times has been written by those members of the committee who were personal participants in the operations they have recorded, and the accuracy of the accounts can therefore be depended upon. A large amount of time and labor has been devoted to the preparation of the Rolls, which have been carefully compared with the minutes, muster-rolls and pay-rolls, and are believed to be correct. In connection with this part of the work, the committee would state that in the larger opportunities afforded them for investigation, they have discovered and corrected certain inaccuracies in the former publications, the most prominent of which is the statement that the Troop was organized by twenty-six gentlemen ; whereas, there were twenty- «^/i/ who signed the original Roll. The appendix contains copies of papers referred to in the body of the work, and other matter of curious interest bearing upon this history. In addition to the sources of information spoken of above, the committee acknowl- edges its indebtedness to many persons, and gives the following list of publications as having been consulted : "Journal of the Proceedings of Congress ;" "Griffith's Historical Notes;" "Force's Archives;" "Hazard's Register;" " Botta's American Revolution;" "Bancroft's United States;" " Pennsylvania Archives and Colonial Records ;" "Gordon's Pennsylvania;" "Day's Historical Collections ;" " Graydon's Recollections;" "Wilkin- son's Memoirs;" "Marshall's Washington," " Irving's Washington ;" " Sparks' Washing- ton Letters;" "New England Genealogical and Antiquarian Register ;" " Frothingham's Siege of Boston;" " Biographies of the Signers;" "Marshall's Diary;" Brackenridge's Western Insurrection ;" " Findley's Pennsylvania Insurrection ;" " Lossing's Battle Fields of the Revolution" and "History of the Rebellion ;" " Swinton's Army of the Potomac ;" " Memoirs Schuylkill Fishing Company, and Gloucester Fox-Hunting Club," "Sons of St. Patrick;" "Smith's Delaware County;" "Lewis' Chester County;" "Simpson's Philadelphians ;" "Thompson Westcott's Philadelphia;" and the iiublications of the Historical Societies of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, and Rhode Island, and cotem- poraneous newspapers. This publication has been prepared especially for the members of the Company, and for those who feel a personal interest in its records. The narrow compass of its pages of necessity precluded more than brief allusions to public events of a general character, and then only where the history of the Troop was so interwoven as to render them necessary ; but, it is hoped, that the accuracy of its details will render it of value as a modest contribution to the history of our Country. Fairm.'vn Rogers, William Camac, M. Edward Rogers, A. Loudon Snowden, Joseph R. Wilkins, Jr., James J. Macdowell, Jos. Lapsley Wilson, William D. Gemmill, Comm/Ufe. October i, 1875. T REPORT OF MARCH i, 1856. HE Committee appointed to revise and arrange the papers of the Troop, from the year 1S40, and to select for publication such letters of a prior date as they may deem necessary, respectfully report : 1. A series of letters (on service) from various officers of the Government during the revolutionary war. 2. The successive changes in the roll oi commissioned and non-commissioned officers from January ist, 1840. 3. The list of commissioned and non-commissioned officers, since original organiza- tion, continued from January ist, 1840. 4. The muster-roll of the Troop continued from January ist, 1840, on same plan as that adopted in Report of that date. 5. A continued list of honorary members. 6. A list of non-active members. 7. Various alterations of, and additions to, the by-laws, adopted at different times since January ist, 1840. Thos. C. James, R. Butler Price, Thos. Smith, W. S. Randall, Francis S. Lewis, March i, 1856. Committee. REPORT OF JANUARY i, 1840. THE Committee appointed on the 12th January, 1833, to revise and arrange for publication the papers of the Troop, from the year 1815, respectfully report : 1. A condensed history of the corps, consisting of the more prominent events in which it has been engaged, with such other matter as your committee conceived might prove interesting and worthy of preservation. 2. The successive changes in the roll of commissioned and non-commissioned officers, from time to time, since 7th September, 1815. 3. A list of the commissioned and non-commissioned officers since its original organization. 4. The muster-roll of the Troop, continued from September yth, 1815, upon the jjlan of the printed roll of that year, exhibiting the date of the nomination, election, and resig- nation of each member, and, as far as can be ascertained, the date of the decease of such as are dead. 5. The alterations of, and additions to, the by-laws, and the late change of uniform, together with certain resolutions which your committee consider still in force, although not passed with such formalities as are requisite to entitle them to the rank of by-laws. Your committee recommend that, previous to publication, the by-laws should be so altered, amended and enlarged, as that when printed they may remain a permanent code of rules for the government of the corps. John Stille, Jr., W. W. McMain, January i, 1S40. Comtnittee. REPORT OF AUGUST 4. 181 5. THE committee appointed to examine the records of the Troop, arrange the roll of members, and revise the by-laws, beg leave to report : That they have endeavored to accomplish the objects of their appointment. In collecting and reviewing the papers and records of the Troop, they have met with much difficulty, owing to the length of time since its formation, and the imperfect collection of the papers. It appears that the Troop was formed by the association of twenty-six gentlemen, on the 17th November, 1774, for the defence of the rights of their threatened country; and it was in the succeeding years increased by the election of members. During the whole revolutionary struggle, it was an active and efficient cohort in rendering assistance to resist the invading foe, by serving during the several arduous campaigns from 1776 to 17S3; and it is our proud boast that we belong to an association, which, during the whole progress of the war, merited and possessed the approbation of the illustrious Washington, and in peace enjoyed his friendship ; frequently engaged under his command in active employment — at times serving as his body-guard — and always remaining faithfully attached to him and the great object for which they were contending, notwithstanding the powerful political cabals and the diver- sity of opinion and feelings which prevailed during that period. From the time of the formation of the Troop to 1796, the committee have only found a few detached papers. From 1796 to the present date, they are happy to state, that the minutes have been regu- larly kept. From these they have selected some of the most important and interesting papers, which they recommend to be published in the book of by-laws. By an attentive examination of the records, and by the assistance of some of the original members, the committee have been enabled to make a list of members from the commencement to the present period, which may be considered as complete, and this they recommend also to be printed in the book of by-laws, that, in cherishing the remembrance of men .who have faithfully served their country, and done honor to the Troop, we may hand their names down to succeeding members, as an honorable testimony of the character of our association. The view of this history of the Troop, presented in a condensed form, may be the means of keeping alive that esprit de corps, so desirable in a military association like the one to which we belong, and of adding increased respectability and fresh laurels to those already won by our predecessors. The committee have prepared the by-laws, and now offer them for the ultimate adop- tion of the Troop, previous to publication. John R. C. Smith, Cornet, Jno. B. Simmons, ist Corporal, John Donnaldson, Qr. Master, Committee. Philadelphia, 4th August, 1815. HISTORY OF THE First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry In the autumn of the year 1774, the first assemblage in America which was duly vested with autliority from the people, met at the hall of the Carpenters' Company, in the City of Philadelphia. This Congress continued in session until the end of the month of October, and on the 1 2th of November following, a Committee of Correspondence was chosen by the citizens of Philadelphia. This Committee was empowered to determine on the best method for collect- ing the sense of the Provinces as to the most efficient means of resisting the aggressive acts of the British Ministry, and to carry into effect the Non-Importation resolutions of the lately adjourned Congress. The Committee met, pursuant to public notice, at the State House, in Philadelphia, in the afternoon of Thursday, the seventeenth of November, 1774. In the evening of the same day, three members of this Committee of Correspondence, together with twenty-five other gentlemen, — well representing the respectability and wealth of the city — met and formed a Company of Cavalry. Tradition has it that this meeting took place in Carpenters' Hall. The following are the names of these gentlemen : — Abraham Markoe, Henry Hill, Andrew Allen, John Boyle, Samuel Morris, William Tod, James Mease, John Mitchell, Thomas Leiper, George Campbell, William Hall, Samuel Caldwell, Samuel Penrose, Andrew Caldwell, Samuel Howell, Jr. Levi Hollingsworth, James Hunter, Blair McClenachan, James Budden, George Graff, John Dunlap, Benjamin Randolph, John Mease, Thomas Peters, Robert Hare, George Fullerton, William Pollard, William West, Jr. This Company was known as the Light-Horse of the City of Philadelphia, and was the first organization, in the Colonies, of volunteers associated for the purpose of maintaining the rights of the people against the continued oppression of the British government. These gentlemen, apart from their mutual business acquaintance with each other, had been associated as members of various organizations which had been instituted in the then infant City of Philadelphia, in the years preceding the formation of the Troop. These organizations were for the purpose of promoting healthful exercise and innocent recreation, and most notable among them was the "Schuylkill Fishing Company," founded by the name of "The Colony in Schuylkill," in the year 1732, — on the west bank of the Schuylkill River, immediately above the present Girard Avenue Bridge, — by a few of the original settlers, then living in the city, many of whom were emigrants with William Penn. During the Revolution its members took an active part in the war, and its Governor, Samuel Morris, with William Hall, Samuel Howell, Jr., Levi HoUingsworth, Thomas Peters, and John Donnaldson, served with the Troop. Li the year 17S3, with mock solemnity, the Company declared its independence, and changed its name to the "Schuylkill Fishing Company of the State in Schuylkill," and now (1874), still preserves its activity and usefulness, having had through the long period of its brilliant career as Governors, Lt. Governors, Counsellors, Treasurers, Coroners, Secretaries, and members, many honored names of officers and men of the Troop. A similar society known as the "Schuylkill Company of Fort St. David's" was estab- lished about the year 1753, — ujjon the rocks in the river, at the eastern end of the present railroad bridge at the Falls of Schuylkill — and had upon its roll of membership the following Troopers: Samuel Morris, John Mease, Samuel Howell, Jr., Andrew Caldwell, Andrew Bunner, Dr. Thomas Bond, Jr., and Benjamin Davis, Jr. Upon the breaking out of the War of the Revolution their "Castle" was abandoned, and their museum removed. At the return of peace (i 783), their block-house having been burned by the Hessians, they united with the Fishing Company of the State in Schuylkill. The Society known as the "Gloucester Fox Hunting Club," from the nature of its purposes, would naturally appear to have had the most influence in bringing together the men who formed the Troop. This Club was organized at the Philadelphia Coffee House, S. W. Corner of Front and High (Market) Streets, October 29th, 1 766, and was composed of residents of the City, and a few gentlemen of New Jersey; and between the loth of October and the loth of Aj)ril, hunted weekly in the neighborhood of Gloucester, and within twenty miles of that town, up and down the course of the Delaware River. The uniform of the Club was "a brown cloth coatee with lappelled dragoon pockets, white buttons, and frock sleeves, buff waistcoat and breeches, and a black-velvet cap," .and it is probable that the "dark-brown short coat, faced and lined with white" of the Trooper of 1774, was this same hunting coat in which its members had folhnved the hounils in times of peace. With few exceptions, this Club entered with spirit into the War of the Revolution, the names of Samuel Morris, (President), James Mease, John Mease, Samuel Howell, Jr., John Boyle, John Mitchell, Samuel Caldwell, Levi Hollingsworth, George Graff, Joseph Wilson, appearing on its list of members before the year 1 774, and up to and including the year 1 778, are found the names of other Troopers, viz: Thomas Leiper, John Dunlap, Blair McClen- achan, Thomas Peters, John Lardner, Alexander Nesbit, James Caldwell, Jonathan Penrose, William Turnbull, Isaac Cox, Dr. Jonathan Potts, Dr. Thomas Bond, Jr., and JohnPatton, — twenty-three in all. During the remaining years of the existence of this Club a majority of its members were also members of the First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry, and Capt. Morris was the first, and Capt. Wharton the last President of the Club. This organization was dissolved in the year 1818, its numbers having been reduced by death and the withdrawal of many of its members, sufferers in the general financial embarrassment of the times In the year 1 771, there was organized "The Society of the Friendly Sons of St. Patrick." It was composed of Irishmen, and their descendants in the first degree, who met four times a year, to wit: the 17th of March, the 17th of Jime, the 17th of September, and the 17th of December for social and convivial purposes. Of its twenty-four founders, nine were afterwards of the original twenty-eight members of the Troop, viz: James Mease, John Mease, Henry Hill, John Boyle, John Mitchell, George Campbell, Samuel Caldwell, Andrew Caldwell and George Fullerton ; and in addition to the above there were taken from its Rolls three others, John Dunlap, Blair McClenachan and William West, Jr., who had been members of the Society for some time before the organi- zation of the Troop. Among the eighty-eight names that had been on the Muster Rolls of the Troop during the war of the Revolution, are found the following additional eighteen "Sons of St. Patrick;" John Donnaldson, John Lardner, Alexander Nesbit, James Cald- well, Francis Nichols, John M. Nesbit, Patrick Moore, George Henry, James Crawford, Joseph Wilson, David H. Conyngham, George Hughes, John Barclay, John Patton, John Murray, Michael M. O'Brien, William Constable and Francis Johnston, making a total of thirty recruited from this Society. This organization ceased to exist about the year 1798, and was succeeded by the benevolent and honorable " Hibernian Society," of the present day. The "St. Andrew's Society at Philadelphia " was founded in December, 1 749, its members being Scotchmen and their descendants. Thomas Leiper, William Hall and William Tod, original members of the Troop, were members of this Society ; and William Turnbull , William Craig, James Craig, Jr., and John Murray, members of the Society before 1774, also became Troopers during the War of the Revolution. This Society is yet one of the most active charities in the city, aiding Scotchmen, tlieir widows and minor children, and has had on its roll of members many names of men of the Troop. " The Society of the Sons of St. George, for the advice and assistance of Englishmen in distress," was instituted in Philadelphia by the association of a number of the English residents of the city, on the 23d April, 1772. On the list of its founders and early members are found the names of the following original men of the Troop, viz : James Budden, William Pollard, Robert Hare and Thomas Peters ; and during the lately completed century of the existence of this noble charitable Society the positions of President, Vice President and Treasurer have several times been filled by Troopers and many of them have been members of the Society. On the Seventeenth of November, 1774, the Troop was organized by the unanimous election of the following officers : Abraham Markoe, Captain, William Hall, 2d Sergeant, Andrew Allen, ist Lieutenant, Levi Hollingsworth, Quarter Master, Samuel Morris, 2d Lieut, and Adjutant, William Pollard, ist Corporal, James Mease, Cornet, James Hunter, 2d Corporal. Thomas Leiper, ist Sergeant, The members equipped at their own expense, and adopted the following Uniform: "A dark brown short coat, faced and lined with white; white vest and breeches ; high- topped boots ; round black hat, bound with silver cord ; a buck's tail ; housings brown, edged with white, and the letters ^. §i. worked on them." And Arms : "A carbine; a pair of pistols and holsters, with flounces of brown cloth trimmed with white; a horseman's sword; white belts for the sword and carbine. ' ' ' The latter part of the year 1774, and the earlier part of the year 1775, were employed in earnest preparation for active duty. An experienced soldier who had belonged to a Corps of Horse in Ireland, was employed as Sword Master, and for the purpose of breaking the horses. The ranks were recruited by the election of the following members: John Donnaldson, Thomas Leaming, Jr., John Lardner, Jonathan Penrose, Alexander Nesbit, Godfrey Twells, James Caldwell, and the Company assembled for drill and general instruction several times a week. In the early part of this year. Captain Markoe presented to the Troop the handsome silken standard, of which a more particular description is to be found in this book. " It is of J It would appear that bromi w.^s the principal color of the early uniforms of the army as the Journals of Congress show (Nov. 4th, 1775) a resolution that " as much as possible of the cloth be dyed brown and distinctions of the regiments made in the facings," a See History of the Standard. 5 great historic interest as being the first flag which bore upon it the thirteen stripes, symbolizing the thirteen colonies then asserting their rights and ultimately struggling for their inde- pendence. Its first recorded duty brought the Troop into early notice of General Washington, who having been appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Army, passed through Philadelphia, June 23d, 1775, and was escorted by the Troop as far as New York, on his journey to the camp at Cambridge, Massachusetts. In the autumn of this year, from a fragment of a Report signed by Samuel Caldwell, a detachment of the Troop was (October i6th) at Albany, New York, in charge of a wagon with money ($500,000), for the use of the army in Massachusetts Bay, and about the same time the yournah of Congress show that another detachment under Quarter-master Levi HoUings- worth went as far as Fort Ticonderoga with a " quantity of money for General Schuyler." The first mention of the Troop in the Minutes of the Committee of Safety, is found under date of October 24th, 1775, where it appears that "Dr. Kearsley went off this morning guarded by an Escort of Light Horse under the command of Captain Markoe, for Lancaster." In Christopher Marshall's Remembrancer,' it is recorded that the Troop paid to Lady Washington the compliment of escorting her upon her arrival into the city, (November 2ist), and her departure on her journey to join her husband at Cambridge, (November 27th). In the year 1776, the following members were elected:— Adam Zantzinger, Francis Nichols (late First Lieutenant of the Company of Captain Hendricks, who fell at Quebec, 1775). John Maxwell Nesbit, Patrick Moore and Joseph Cowperthwaite (late Captain "Quaker Blues"). In the early part of this year, upon the receipt of the Neutrality Edict of the King of Denmark, by his subjects in America, Captain Markoe resigned the command of the Troop and Lieut. Samuel Morris was chosen Captain. The following members during the year also resigned their positions on the active roll of the Company : Lieut. Andrew Allen, Private John Mitchell, Cornet James Mease, " Andrew Caldwell, Private Robert Hare, " William West, Jr. " Henry Hill, All of whom had received commissions in the Continental service or in the Army and Navy of the Province, with the exception of Lieutenant Allen, who, although he had resigned the position of Attorney General of the Provincial Government, and had been chosen, November 3d, 1775, a delegate to Congress, at this time became disaffected. He was attainted I Edited by Wm. Duanc, Esq., Philadelphi.1, 1838. for treason in 1778, and his valuable estates confiscated and sold, when he went to England and died in London in the year 1825. ' During the first half of this year the Troop was employed in bearing important dis- patches, and in conveying money to the several camps of the army ; as for instance, Joseph Cowperthwaite with a detachment to Cambridge, Massachusetts, and James Budden with a detachment to New York with $300,000; also, on the iSth of June, Levi HoUingsworth was at Providence, Rhode Island, with an order from Congress on Governor Trumbull for twenty cannon to be transported to Philadelphia. Under date of July 30th, 1776, the following appears upon the yrw/v/frA of Congress : "A letter of the 28th, from brigadier general Mercer was laid before Congress and read, request- ing that six light horse may be sent to him, whereupon •■'Resolved, That the President write to S. Morris, Esq., captain of the light horse and request him to send six of his company to brigadier general Mercer." The detail was made according to the above, and after a service of some four weeks, the party returned to Philadelphia with the following letter of discharge : "To Messrs. Benj. Randolph, Jno. Dunlap, James Hunter, Jno. Lardner, Thomas Peters and Thomas Leiper, of the Philad^ Troop of light-Horse. Gentlemen: — The light-horse of New Jersey having been properly posted for the pur- pose of conveying Intelligence and performing such other military Duty as falls within their Department, it is not necessary to detain you longer here ; you may, therefore, as soon as convenient, proceed to Philad''. give me Leave, at the same time, to express my just sense of your Services, which have always been performed with the greatest Alacrity and Attention. I am, gentlemen. With great Regard, Your most humble Ser'., Hugh Mercer, Perth Amboy, August 26th, 1776. B'. Gen. The summer and autumn following, the Troop was, under orders from Congress, em- ployed in escorting prisoners, bearing dispatches and in charge of money to various points ; detachments going to Reading, Pennsylvania; to Williamsburg, Virginia ; to Amboy, New Jersey; to Albany, New York, and to New York City. While engaged on one of these expeditions, private George Fullerton was killed by the accidental discharge of his pistol. I Mr. Andrew Allen, the Attorney General, was more ardent and considered to be more sincere. He had attached himself to the CorDS of City Cavalry, commanded by Mr. Markoe ; but not long after, recognizing his error, he withdrew, giving out that he would hang up his cap and regimentals as monuments of his folly, and upon the declaration of independence he sought an asylum with General Howe.— Gravdon's Recollections, i8ii. * * * " Andrew Allen and several others have joined Gen'l Howe, from whom they met with the most cool treatment, he well knowing they had formerly been .active unlill their Power & Interest » —Letter, Peter Baynton to Abraham Markoe, Dec. 24th, 1776. ^^Z^VIA rrr^ The autumn and winter of 1776 was perhaps the most gloomy and desperate period of the Revolution. Desertions from the army were constant and alarming, whilst disaffection was rife amongst certain classes of the people; Fort Washington with 2,600 men, had been captured, and Fort Lee abandoned with its valuable military stores, Washington driven from Long Island, and New York was in possession of the British forces who were threatening Philadelphia. The American army reduced in number by capture and desertion was at this time without regular cavalry, and but partially provided with artillery, was deficient in trans- portation and without tents, tools or camp equipage ; the men were half clothed, badly armed, debilitated by disease, disheartened by misfortune, and wearied by constant march- ing and fighting. Under such circumstances Washington determined to retreat slowly through New Jersey, and place himself on the Pennsylvania shore of the Delaware River. In the latter part of the month of November a portion of the Troop was at the Head-Quarters of the ,\rmy at Morristown, and the remainder of the command left Philadelphia early in the month of December. In the retreat from Princeton, the Troop, under the imtnediate direc- tion of the Commander-in-Chief, was ordered to cover the rear of the army, a highly honor- able and responsible duty. It was the last to cross, and was so closely pressed by the enemy's van-guard, that the latter reached the river before the Troop had effected a landing on the opposite shore. After the retreat, the main body lay along the west bank of the Delaware River from Corryell's ferry to Trenton ferry; the militia, from Trenton ferry to Bristol and Dunk's ferry, a distance of nearly thirty miles. Washington's Head-Quarters were removed to New- town, about four miles from the river. The Troop was also quartered there, and were daily employed by the Commander-in-Chief in such service as naturally devolved upon such a command. On the 25th of December, the Troop re-crossed the river with Washington, at McKonky's ferry, about eight miles above Trenton. The passage was made difiimlt and dangerous by storm, darkness and floating ice, and the boats upon which the TrooiJ had embarked, not being able to reach the shore, the men were compelled to take to the water, and force a passage amid the floating ice with their horses. A reconnoissance made by the Troop a few days previous to this, led the country people to suspect that the Hessians were to be attacked shortly. The Hessian Commander was so advised, and his men were kept in constant readiness for an attack. It it possible that the night attack upon the Hessian outposts by a company of Virginia troops under command of Captain Anderson, without Washington's knowledge, may have been mistaken by Colonel Rahl, the Hessian Commander, for the attack of which he had been warned. This attempted surprise having been promptly met, may have served to lull into fancied security the over confident Germans; the delay in crossing the river would seem to have been Providential in any event, as it rendered it impossible for the American army to reach Trenton during the 8 night as was intended, and tlie enemy exhausted by their Christmas revels and watching, retired, with the exception of a few pickets. " It was now broad day. Tlie slumber of the Hessians had been undisturbed ; their patrols reported that all was quiet, and the night watch of Yagers had turned in, leaving the sentinels at their several advanced posts, to keep up the communication between their right wing and the left. The storm beat violently in the faces of the Americans ; the men were stiff from cold.and a continuous march of fifteen miles, but now when the time of the attack came, they thought of nothing but victory." ' The army marching in two columns, the right under General Sullivan by the river road, the left under the Commander-in-Chief, by the Pennington road, reached Trenton at 8 o'clock, and the attack was made simultaneously. The Troop was attached to the head of the column under Washington, and acting as his body guard, had the sat- isfaction of witnessing the surrender of the Hessian force. During the battle a body of Hessians had taken position in a barn from which they kept up a steady fire. A detachment of the Troop under Cornet Dunlap was directed to dislodge them. He made his approach upon the rear of the barn, and boldly demanded the surrender of the whole party. After some parley this was effected, the Hessians being under the impression that they were far outnumbered by the Troop. ^ After the battle, the main body of the army re-crossed the river with the prisoners and munitions captured. The Troop was ordered to remain on the Jersey side and patrol the river, as well as the Pennington roads, until dark, and then to cross under cover of night with or without their horses as they might be able. The weather became so intensely cold that the floating ice formed into a solid mass, stretching from shore to shore. It was after midnight before a passage could be forced with the boats, and the Troop did not reach quarters until after daylight, having been on duty two nights and one day without sleep and with but little food. The Troop remained in quarters at Newtown, Pennsylvania, its members acting as bearers of dispatches from Wa,shington to his Generals until the 30th day of December. On this day Washington re-crossed the Delaware at the head of the army, and occupied Trenton. On the 31st inst.. Colonel Joseph Reed, Adjutant General, was sent with an escort of twelve members of the Troop, viz : 2nd Lieut. James Budden, Pr Cornet John Dunlap, Sergt. Thomas Leiper, Corp. William Pollard, " James Hunter, Private Samuel Howell, Jr., vate George Campbell, Samuel Caldwell, Benjamin Randolph, Thomas Peters, John Donnaldson, John Lardner, ! A portion of the flag with other trophies captured at this lime are in possession of the Troop. to reconnoitre the enemy, of whose exact strength and position Washington was ignorant. Colonel Reed was selected to head the reconnoissance, owing to his familiarity with the neigh- borhood. The detachment examined the country around Princeton, and coming upon a forag- ing party, consisting of a Commissary, a Sergeant and twelve British soldiers, they captured the entire party and their wagon train, without loss, returning to camp after an absence of a few hours. ■ An examination of the prisoners captured, revealed of what importance this reconnois- sance was to the army. The superiority of the enemy was determined beyond reasonable doubt, he having been reinforced by General Grant, and his intention discovered to advance upon our lines. The disparity of forces was very great, that of Washington being about 4,700 men, badly equipped, and many of them new recruits; whilst the British force con- sisted of over 8,000 trained soldiers, admirably appointed. The Commander-in-Chief deemed the situation critical. To advance was certain de- feat, and to retreat rapidly in the face of the enemy was not practicable. He resolved to act on the defensive and dispute every inch of ground and postpone a decided action until night. The main portion of his force was posted behind the Assanpink Creek, and awaited the enemy's approach. Colonel Hand with his Riflemen and Captain Forrest with six guns, oc- cupied a ravine leading to the creek, from which they harrassed the enemy, driving back their advance with great loss and confusion. The boldness of this advanced body completely checked the whole British forces for a time, and lost to Cornwallis two full hours. Mean- time detachments of the Troop were sent to Bordentown and Burlington to order up the militia under Generals Mifflin arid Cadwalader. As the evening advanced the enemy ap- peared in force and opened a cannonade upon the American lines ; which were by a con- centration of his men, about dark, driven across the ravine leading to the Assanpink and ultimately across the bridge over that stream. He made many desperate attempts to cross the bridge but was as often repulsed, and at length ceased any further effort, having lost very heavily in killed and wounded. The fight continued until night-fall when the enemy with- drew much shattered, but fully confident of capturing or destroying the little army of the Americans the following morning. During the entire day the Troop was actively engaged, rendering important service to the Commander-in-Chief. A portion was on patrol duty back of Trenton toward Prince- ton, and was not relieved until nine o'clock in the evening. Washington learning from this detachment that the road to Princeton south of the Assanpink, was unoccupied by I This spirited affair is spoken of by General Wilkinson, who was with the army at that time : ** This little act of decisive gallantry, performed by independent gentlemen, tended to increase the confidence of the troops, and certainly reflected high honor on the small detachment which had been taken from the patriotic old First Troop of Philadelphia, then commanded by that respecta- ble citizen soldier, Capt. Samuel Morris." Memoirs, James Wilkinson, 1816. The gorgets or breastplates captured with the British officers on this occasion, were worn in 1824 by William J. Leiper and John Lardner, sons of the original members, on the occasion of the reception of General La Fayette, and are now in the possession of the Troop. the enemy, silently withdrew his forces during the night, between twelve and one o'clock, and marched to Princeton, reaching the Quaker Meeting House near Stony Brook bv.fore day- light. During the fight at Trenton, and in the subsequent march toward Princeton, AVash- ington depended almost exclusively upon the Troop for conveying despatches to the different- Generals, as well as for the reconnoissances that were made. The next morning was the dawn of the day of the Battle of Princeton, which resulted in a brilliant victory for the American cause. The Troop was in attendance upon the Com- mander-in-Chief during the engagement, and was among those who rallied about him when he rode to the front and by his presence, personal courage, and example, turned the tide of battle which for a time threatened disaster to his army. ' AVhen the retreat of the enemy began, the Troop joined in the pursuit, securing many prisoners and part of a' wagon train. The rout was complete, and the result of the day would have been of greater advantage to the American cause, if Washington had been able to give rapid pursuit with a sufficient body of cavalry, but this he was unfortunately unable to do as the only cavalry he had was the Troop, which numbered but twenty-five men. ^ After the battle of Princeton the army moved in the direction of Morristown, leaving a detachment of the Troop at the former place to bring off stragglers and stock. They did not leave until the enemy under Cornwallis, made his appearance in the town. To the Troop was assigned the duty of covering the retreat and destroying the bridges in the rear of the army, and in this service gave essential aid to Captain Moulder, who had deter- mined, although against orders, not to let his guns fall into the enemy's hands. 3 Having discharged this important duty, it reassembled at Millstone and followed the main body to Morristown. The army having taken possession of Morristown, a detachment of the Troop was as- signed to picket duty on the roads leading to Brunswick. This detachment was entertained very hospitably by Mr. John Morton of New York, who resided a few miles south of Morris- town, and was a personal friend of some of the Troopers. On their departure he informed I There was not a space of a hundred yards probably between the two bodies fighting and fugitive men, when our gallant Chief rode boldly up in front of the British lines and bade our routed troops to come on and help him recover the fortunes of the day, and could they behold their Chieftain there, .and let him alone to be sacrificed? No 1 they caught his adventurous .-spirit and .as- sisted by Moulder's ten gims skillfully handled and a few brave old New England troops under Hitchcock, the gallant sons of Phila- delphia gentlemen and other brave boys of Pennsylvania, won the day. — Historic Manuel, C. C. Haven, Trenton, N.J. 2 At the time General Mercer was engaged. General Hand advanced by a rapid movement to turn the enemy's left flank and had nearly succeeded when they fled in disorder up the north side of Stony Brook, over fields and fences, without regard to roads towards Pennington. The riflemen accompanied by General Washington in person, with a squad of the Philadelphia Troop were the first in the pursuit. It was on this occasion that General Washington, whilst engaged in encouraging the pursuit exclaimed; " It is a fine chase my boys," such was the impetuosity of his character when he gave reins to his sensibilities. — Memoirs, James Wilkinson, i8i6. 3 Moulder was ordered to cover the retreat of our army to Morristown, by holding the enemy in check as long as safe to his men, then to spike and leave his guns, and save his men by following with all speed after the main body of the army. But they refusing to earn the names of " grass combers" by running away from their guns, with the aid of ropes and forty men to each, ran them up the road after the army, pursued by a company of British horse. Capt. Samuel Morris, of the city of Philadelphia, (Quaker Sam.) held his company back for the protection of Moulder's boys; and seeing their danger, galloped to their rear and formed across the road to await the British horse, who finding their game blocked, wheeled and returned to Princeton. Thus Moulder's guns were saved and taken into camp at Morristown. — Historic Manuel, C. C. Haven. ■ y^y^^y i^f^^^ i^-^x y^^^ <^ ^ ^^^ •^ 'II the officer in command that he would leave two quarter casks of Madeira at the bottom of the cellar steps that night, one he desired to be delivered to General Washington, and the other to be kept by the Troop. Acting upon this hint, the Troopers returned during the night, and secured the wine. An incident of this pleasant foraging was the appearance of a party of British Horse on the scene, just as the casks had been taken from the cellar ; the enemy was held at bay however, until the prize was^ secured beyond rescue or reclamation. The Troop continued in active service imtil January 23d, 1777. At the close of the campaign General Washington tendered to the members of the Troop commissions in the army as a reward for their gallantry, and gave them the following complimentary discharge : "The Philadelphia Troop of Light Horse, under the command of Captain Morris, having perform'd their Tour of duty, are discharged for the present — I take this Opportunity of returning my most sincere thanks to the Captain and to the Gentlemen who compose the Troop, for the many essential services which they have ren- dered to their Country, and to me personally, during the Course of this severe Campaign. Tho' composed of Gentlemen of Fortune, they have shewn a noble Example of discipline and subordination, and in several Actions have shewn a Spirit of Bravery which will ever do Honor to them and will ever be gratefully remembered by me. G". WjVshington. Give at Head-Quarters, Morris Town, This zf Jan>., 1777."' The Troop arrived in Philadelphia February, 1777. The members engaged Samuel Morris, Captain. James Budden, 2d Lieut. John Dunlap, Comet. Tho.\l\s Leiper, ist Serg't. William Hall, 2d " Levi Hollingsworth, Q. M. Serg't William Pollard, ist Corp. James Hunter, 2d " S.\MUEL Howell, Jr., Private, John Me.\se, '• John Boyle, " William Tod, " George Campbell, " on January 24th, and was dismissed on the ist of in this campaign were : Samuel Caldwell, Private. Blair McClenachan, " George Graff, •' Benjamin Randolph, " Thomas Peters, " John Donnaldson, " John Lardner, " .Alexander Nesbitt, " James C.ald\vell, " Thom.\s Leaming, Jr. " Jonathan Penrose, " Adam Z.^ntzinger. " Twenty-five ( 25 ) members and a Tnmi peter. I The facsimile of this letlcr is printed from .1 copper pbte presented to the Troop by Liilje W. Morris, Esq., May 5, 1823. Thus ended one of the most brilliant camjiaigns of the Revolution, spoken of by Alex- ander Hamilton as : " The dawnings of that bright day, which afterwards broke forth with such resplendent lustre." ' After the return of the Troop its members were very active in preparing themselves for any future duty that might devolve upon them, and were frequently engaged in bearing dis- patches from this city, the seat of government, to the several armies in the field ; and before the summer of this year twenty names were added to the Muster Roll, notwithstanding the general apathy which existed at that time among the people. = The nature of some of the services of the Troop at this period will appear from the fol- lowing extract from the Minutes of the Supreme Executive Council : — "Philadelphia, August 13th, 1777. — The Continental Board of War having in writing desired that this Council will procure-an Officer and Six Gentlemen of the Philadelphia Light Horse to escort John Penn and r)enj'a. Chew, Esq'rs., as prisoners to Fredericksburg in Vir- ginia, and direct them to call at the War Office & receive their instruction as soon as possi- ble, and the resolutions of Congress respecting the removal of the aforesaid Gentlemen being read ; thereupon " Ordered, That the Officers of the Light Horse of this City be requested to select from among themselves and their escort an officer & Six Gentlemen to escort," etc. The fleet bearing the portion of the British army, which had embarked at New York in the month of July, appeared in Chesapeake Bay, and on Sunday, the 24th of August, Washington, at the head of about 10,000 men, marched through Philadelphia. He was escorted by the Troop in passing through the city, and a detachment under Captain Morris accompanied him to the southward. The enemy effected a landing on the 27th of August at "Head of Elk," Maryland, and began their march toward Philadelphia. On the 5th of September the Supreme Executive Council requested Lieutenant James Budden to attend with his "whole troop (which are now in the city)" a number of di.saff"ected persons and Quakers, who had refused to take the "Test Oath" and were then confined in the Masonic Lodge, on their journey as prisoners to the interior. The Troop " made earnest application to be allowed to join General Washington and to be released from the journey to Virginia." And the President of the Council " instructed the direction of the business to two Gentlemen of the Troop and a competent number of the City Guards. ' ' 3 I Eulogium of General Greene, 1786. 2S.1W on our arrival in Philadelphia and on the journey to that place, * * no military parade or any indication of martial vigor on the part of the country. General Washington with the little remnant of his army at Morrislown, seemed left to scuffle for liberty, like another Cato at Utica. « « * The generous exertions of the Philadelphia Troop of Cavalry are honorable exceptions to the general supineness. — Graydon's Recollections, 1811. 3 Letter President Wharton to Col. Nichola, Sept. 10, 1777.— Penn" .\ Archives. 13 The following extract from the Minutes of the Supreme Executive Council further show: * t- * "Resolved, That the Gentlemen of the Light Horse of this City, except two who are to attend the prisoners now at the Lodge to Reading on their march to Stanton, in Augusta County in the State of Virginia, do proceed immediately to Camp on a Tour of Duty, and that the said two gentlemen join the Corps after they have discharged the said duty as soon as possible. * =■= '- An order was drawn on the Treasurer in favor of Samuel Caldwell and Alexander Nesbit, Gentlemen of the Light Horse for the sum of ^loo to pay their expenses, and for which they are to account." On being informed of this action of the Council, the remainder of the Troop under Lieutenant Budden set out for the army, and joined the detachment under Captain Morris who was at that time with General Armstrong. A portion of the command was then ordered to duty with Generals Potter and Maxwell. In the preliminary movements preceding the Battle of Brandywine, September nth, 1777, Washington was much perplexed in ascertaining the enemy's movements. General Howe by skillful manceuvring had completely concealed his real plan of attack. This remained the case until about two o'clock in the afternoon of the day before the battle, when a party of the Troop, which had been out all day reconnoitring and skirmishing with the enemy's advance, reported to Head-Quarters that Cornwallis had formed a junction with Knyphausen with the evident intention of crossing the Brandywine Creek above, and ad- vancing in two columns on Washington's right; to meet this emergency the Commander-in- Chief took post upon the high ground north of the creek, above Chad's Ford, from which position he was obliged to withdraw when the defeat of the other portion of the American army was discovered. After the battle the Troop retired with General Maxwell to Chester, where it remained until the next day a.s a rallying force for detached parties, and then fell back with the army to Philadelphia. On the 1 9th of September a detachment of the Troop was sent out by General Armstrong to reconnoitre the enemy, whom they encountered on the Lancaster Road, about eight miles from Spread Eagle Tavern. After ascertaining, as nearly as possible, his strength and position, the detachment made a bold dash and captured two of his pickets. Upon report- ing that night to General Armstrong at Van Deeren's Mill, at the mouth of the Wissahickon Creek, he sent them with the prisoners to Head-Quarters at Perkiomen, Montgomery County, where 'they arrived just before daybreak, September 20th, and received the thanks of Wash- ington, through Colonel Tilghman. Shortly after this the Troop moved its quarters to Harry Conrad's Tavern, twenty miles from the city, constantly reconnoitring the enemy, until the 26th of September, when he occupied Philadelphia. At this period the greater portion of the Troop was on duty with General Armstrong ; the main body of the army moved to Skippack Creek, and H the militia was called in. General Armstrong was ordered to turn the left flank of the enemy and attack him in the rear, and in obedience to this order, moved down what is now known as the Ridge Road toward Van Deeren's and Robeson's mills, at the mouth of the Wissahickon, the Troop being employed in examining the various roads, and in keeping open the communication between the different columns. The morning of the Battle of Germantown, October 4th, 1777, was so dark from heavy fog, that General Armstrong, who was first upon the ground with his command, could not make the attack upon the enemy with any certainty. The Troopers to recognize each other in the fight, wore a piece of white paper in front of their caps. During the skirmishing that took place the Troop cajitured a Hessian Lieutenant and some prisoners. News of the re- treat of the main body of the army having reached General Armstrong, he thereupon called in his forces, and fell back to his former position. The campaign being practically ended, the Troop was honorably discharged by General Armstrong, with thanks. The following members served in the campaign of September and October of this year: Samuel Morris, Captain. Samuel Caldwell, Private. James BuDDEN, 2nd Lieut. Blair McClenachan, " ■ John Dunlap, Cornet. John Donnaldson, " Thomas Leiper, ist Sergt, John Lardner, " William Hall, 2nd " Alexander Nesbitt, " Samuel Penrose, Q. M. Sergt. James Caldwell, " William Pollard, ist Corp. Thomas Leaminu, Jr., " James Hunter, 2nd Corp. William Turnbull, ' ' Samuel Howell, Jr., Private. George Henry, " George Campbell, " Andrew Bunner. " Twenty (20) with a Trumpeter and a Rough Rider. On the 20th of November, private John Mease made application to the Council of Safety for the use of wagons to transport his household goods to Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and the Council " in consideration of his spirited services in said Troop, granted him their protection in the use of three waggons and forbade the impressing of them." ' At this time the Troop was with Washington at Whitemarsh, Montgomery County, and frequently joined reconnoitring parties or made independent excursions, obtain- ing valuable information and keeping the enemy at all times on the alert, each member being furnished with a "pass" from the Commander-in-Chief 2 On one occasion a few of them 1 Minutes of Council of Safety.— Penn'a Archives. 2 One of these passes now in the possession of the Troop reads, — " Head Quarters, ist Decern.. 1777. Permit Mr. Jno. Donnaldson of the Philadelphia Light Horse to pass and repass at all times. By His Excellency's Command, Tench Tilghraan." IS under command of Colonel Banner of the Pennsylvania Line, discovering a party of twenty Yager Horse at Hetman's Tavern, captured the pickets and stampeded the whole party. On the 4th of December, when General Howe marched his entire force to Chestnut Hill, the Troop was constantly employed in watching the enemy's movements. On the eighth, sev- eral members, by request of Washington, joined a small body of Colonel Moylan's Horse, under Major McLane, in a reconnoissance of the enemy's lines. At noon they discovered the enemy in motion, and sent off a messenger to Head-Quarters with tlie intelligence. Gaining the enemy's rear they found that Howe had changed front, and was marching down the Old • York Road with his entire force, which was also promptly communicated to Head-Quarters. Finding that the enemy had extended his lines to the left, the party was forced to make a bold push to save themselves, which was accomplished with difficulty and danger by cross- ing the enemy's front to the road beyond Germantown, reaching Head-Quarters in the evening. The American army having gone into winter quarters at Valley Forge, (December 12th, 1777), the Troop was divided into detachments, and .'ient to various points, where their ser- vices would be most valuable. The scat of government being at York, and the Council of Safety at Lancaster, detachments were always in attendance at these towns to perform any duty assigned them. Cornet Dunlap was employed by Congress in some special and important service, the exact nature of which is unknown, and received the following requisitions issued by Charles Thomson, Secretary of the Congress, and Assistant Quarter-Master General Cox : "Mr. John Dunlap being employed in a critical Service by Congress, may have need of the assistance of a small military Guard, and of two Waggons. In such case, military and staff officers are requested to give him the necessary assistance upon his application. Charles Thomson, Sec'y York Town. Feb. 3, 1778. of Congress." " Please to furnish Mr. John Dunlap with such Waggons and Horses as he may from time to time have occasion for. Y'. Ob' S"., John Cox, To the Waggon -master, A. Q. M. General. or any of his Deputies." A portion of the Troop was with General La Fayette on the iSth of May, 177S, when he, with 2500 men and eight guns, crossed the Schuylkill River and took a position on Barren Hill. On the night of the nineteenth. General Grant, at the head of 5300 picked men, attempted a surprise of the Americans, when General La Fayette by sending out small parties, as if they were the heads of attacking columns, deceived his antagonist and re-crossed the Schuylkill at another Ford without loss. i6 On the i8th of June, 177S, the British evacuated Philadelphia, and General Arnold took command of the city the following day. The different detachments of the Troop were re- called, and on the 14th of July all its members were re-united for the first time in many long and weary months. On this occasion, they assembled and proceeded to Chester to meet M. Gerard, the French Ambassador, whom they escorted to the city, where he was received with ceremony by Congress. During this summer, autumn and succeeding wmter, the Troop was constantly performing such service as was assigned it by Congress, or the State authori- ties. In the spring of 1779, a detail escorted M. Gerard, the Ambassador, on a visit to the American camp. The following letter from General Greene to Colonel Biddle, refers to this visit of the French Ambassador, and to the Troop as his escort. " CoL. Coxe's, 7 o'clock in the Evening. April 27, 1779. Sir,— The Ambassador, with all his train, will be in Camp to-morrow. He Sets out at Seven in the morning, and intends dining with the General. I left Philadelphia near three o'clock this afternoon. Your friends were all well. I drank Tea last Evening with Mrs. AVilkinson. The Philadelphia light-Horse escorted the Ambassador as far as this place, and made a very grand cavalcade. Lay in plenty of forage, if possible, as the Minister's Eyes are everywhere, and to every- thing. He will think us more distressed than we are if we don't furnish forage. Yours, N. Greene." Col. Biddle. {Endorsed'), Trenton, April 27, 1779, Gen' Greene. In June a detail of eight men was sent out to arrest some suspicious persons, (believed to be spies), who had passed up the river. The detail was made under the following order from President Reed : "Walnut Street, June 14th, 1779. "Sir,— Information having been given me that some Persons, under Suspicious Circumstances, having come up the River, have passed on towards Trenton, from which there is Reason to believe they are Spies upon some dangerous Errand, you are therefore desired to detach 8 of the troop, 4 on each Side of the River, and apprehend these Persons alluded to. They are on board a small New York built boat, three in number. They are 2 lusty men and a strip- ling, the latter supposed dressed in Blue. When taken, you will jjlease to direct them to be 17 brought before me for further examination. You will also direct that they be sent immedi- ately, and if Papers are found, that they be transmitted with the Persons. I am, Sir, Your obed., hbble serv. Jos : Reed, ^Addressed) P'-^^^^^'-" To Capt. Morris, or, in his Absence, the Command* Officer of the Philad. Light-Horse." The men were overtaken and turned over to the proper authorities. In the summer of 1779, the British received strong re-inforcements at New York, and again threatened to over run New Jersey. In August, the Troop took the field, on a call of the Commander-in- Chief, stronger in numbers than ever before, sixteen members having been elected during the years 1778-79. It marched to Princeton, but the intention of the enemy having been abandoned, the Troop was discharged about the close of the month. The following members had been on duty : Samuel Morris, Captain, John Budden, 2nd Lieut., John Lardner, Cornet, Thomas Leiper, ist Sergt., William Hall, 2nd " Samuel Penrose, Q. M. Sergt. William Pollard, ist Corp.. James Hunter, 2nd " George Campbell, Private, Samuel Caldwell, " Blair McClenachan, " John Donnaldson, " Alexander Nesbitt, " James Caldwell, " Thomas Leaming, Jr., " Francis Nichols, " William Turnbull, ' ' George Henry, " James Crawford, " David Lenox, " John Montgomery, Private, Thomas C. Morris, David H. Conyngham, " Thomas Irwin, " Jonathan Mifflin, " Isaac Cox, " William Allricks, " Joseph Prowell, " Andrew Bunner, " John Lyttle, " Benjamin Davis, Jr., " Joseph Fisher, ■' William Nichols, "' Matthew Irwin, " James Craig, Jr., " John Barclay, " David Duncan, " John Patton, " John Redman, " John Murray, " Forty (40) members and a Trumpeter and Rough rider. In the autumn of this year, there occurred a very serious riot in Philadelphia. The apparent cause of this outbreak was substantially as follows :— In the month of September, IS a town meeting of citizens appointed a Committee to regulate the prices of rum, salt, sugar, coffee, flour &c., which measure met with the strongest opposition from the importers and traders, and many refused to conform to the demands of the Committee. The people at this time were much distressed by the consequences of a rapidly depreciating currency, and the lower class of the population was led to believe that the evil was owing to the monopolizing of goods by the merchants. About the last of the month a mob assembled in large numbers and marched through the city, threatening to break open the store-houses of those who re- fused to open them, distribute the contents and punish the owners. Placards were posted on the 4th of October, threatening Robert Morris, Blair McClenachan, and many others, with violence. The persons menaced in these placards, determined to defend themselves, and with some thirty or forty of their friends, who had provided themselves with arms, took post in the house of James Wilson, Esq. , one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence, who had lately been proscribed by the mob for having exercised his professional duty as a lawyer in behalf of certain persons who had been prosecuted for treason.' The Troop having been apprised of the threatened riot, assembled at its rendezvous and made ready to mount and move at a moments warning At two o'clock the mob appeared before Wilson's house in force, with two pieces of cannon, and a few shots were fired, killing Captain Campbell and slightly wounding two others in the house. A sledge and crow-bar were then procured from a smith's shop and an attempt made to force the door. At this critical moment the Troop came upon the scene in three detachments, from different streets, charging the mob simultaneously. Immediately the cry was raised, " the Horse, the Horse," and as the sword was very freely used, the rioters gave way in every direction ; not, however, before a considerable number were wounded, and many of them taken prisoners and handed over to the civil authorities. The Troop patrolled the streets during the greater part of the night, but it was some days before order was restored, and the Troopers threatened by the mob for the part they had taken, found it necessary to keep themselves together for mutual support. On the night following the day after the attack on Mr. Wilson's house, a number of the rioters surrounded the mansion of private David Lenox at Germantown, and prepared to force an entrance ; upon his assurance that he would open the door at daylight the mob agreed to wait until that time. In the meanwhile he contrived to dispatch a brave woman, who lived in his family, to the city for assistance, and the Troop arrived in season for his pro- tection. The prompt and energetic conduct of the Troop during this disturbance unques- tionably prevented the affair from assuming a more alarming aspect, and the lives of many valuable citizens were spared by its efforts. In October following, the Troop escorted M. Gerard as far as Chester, Pa., on his de- parture from America, in obedience to the following letter from President Reed ; I The house occupied by and belonging to Mr. Wilson, wris :ib.rge briclcbuildin*^ at the snutb-west corner Third and Walnut garden on both streets, and after this affair was generally called " Fort Wilson." 19 "Sir,— "The Uncertainty of Mons. Gerard's Departure has prevented my giving earlier Notice to the Troop. But as to-morrow is fixed for that Purpose, I must request an Officer's Com- mand to escort him to Chester. The Officer, by making Inquiry at his House, or of Mr. Jay, will learn the Hour, but I believe it will not be an early one. " I also enclose you a copy of the Circular Letter, for calling out the Militia upon an im- portant Occasion. I shall have the honor of commanding this body of Troops in person, and hope the Troop, or at least a Detachment of not less than Twenty, properly officered, will once more take the Field against the common Enemy. They will prepare for at least two Months Tour. Whatever is wanting from the Q' Master or Comm", within the proper Line of Requisition, will be furnished, and every Attention on my Part to make the Service easy and honourable. I am, Sir, with great Regard, Your obed. Hbble serv., Jos : Reed, " Market Street, Oct. 17, 1779. President." [Addressed) on ])ublick Service. To Capt. Samuei. Morris, Command' of the Troop of Light-Horse. Jos: Reed." The Circular Letter for calling out the Militia, etc., referred to above, had been issued in view of the looked-for arrival of the French fleet under Count d'Estaing, and the inten- tion of co-operating with him when he should effect a landing in America, and in General Orders, issued October 2 7th, 1 779 : " The President directs the Light Horse to be divided in two equal squads, each properly officered, one to march with the division, and the other to relieve, as the horses in service may require, at a season when forage is scarce and the duty will be severe." The fleet sailed to the southward and the necessity of calling upon the Troop having been in consequence avoided, the orders to march were countermanded. In the unusually severe winter of 1779-80, the Northern Army was cantoned in New Jersey and no further orders appear to have been received by the Troop. In the Laws for re-organizing the Militia of Pennsylvania, enacted March 20th, 1780, appears the following clause : " Sec. 9. * * That the troop of light horse in the city of Philadelphia shall be limited to the number of fifty, exclusive of officers, the vacancies thereof to be filled in the manner heretofore practised, and the said troop shall be liable to appear on muster days, and to be called into service as other militia." * * * In the month of April, 1780, the Troop was again called upon to attend the French Ambassador on his visit to the Head-Quarters of the Army, upon the request of the President of the Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania, as follows : " Dear Sir, — Last Year the Gentlemen of the Light Horse were so obliging as to escort the Minister of France on his way to camp. The Chev de Luserne, the present Minister, is every Way deserving our utmost Respect & Attention, if it is not inconvenient, & an Officer & 12 could pay him the like Compliment, it would much oblige. Your Obed. & very Hbble Serv. Jos : Reed. P. S. He sets off at 9 o'CIock to-morrow, if the Weather is fair. You will be so good as to let me know what Order you give, & I will inform the Minister accordingly. ( Without Date). {Addressed) Capt. Morris, of the Light-Horse." Although the above called for only an officer and twelve, the whole Troop appears to have paid the Minister the compliment of its escort, and he arrived at Head-Quarters, Morristown, N. J., on the 9th of April, " in a close carriage, drawn by four horses and guarded by forty light dragoons in beautiful uniform." ' On Tuesday, the 30th of May, President Reed with the Chevalier de la Luzerne, reviewed the militia of Philadelphia, and afterwards President Reed in General Orders " embraced the first public opportunity to thank the Gentlemen of the Troop of Light Horse for their nu- merous and military appearance." In the early part of the following month, Martial Law was declared in Philadelphia and the following correspondence and orders to the Troop took place between President Reed and Captain Morris: " Council Chamber June 9, 1780, " Sir, The Liformation received from Gen'. Washington this Morning makes it probable he will need a Re-enforcement from this State & especially of Cavalry in which he is very weak in Consequence of his numerous Detachments to Carolina & the two Reg'^ of Dragoons in New England not having left their Winter Quarters. You will therefore give Orders to the Troop under your Command to hold themselves in Readiness to march at a short Warning well equipp'' & prepared for actual Service. I am Sir, Your Obed' Hbble Serv. Jos : Reed, Presid*. {Addressed') on publick Service To Captain Samuel Morris, Commanding the troop of Light Horse." I Rhouo Island Hi.U. Soc. Col. Vol. VI, " Philad". June 9th. 1780. "Sir,— You will please to direct a party of Light horse of at least twenty properly Officered to be ready at Six o'Clock to-morrow morning to receive orders that will then be delivered thro' you. As the Service is not distant they will not need to be otherwise than well armed and mounted. I am Sir, Your obedient and very humble Servant, Jos; Reed, President. P. S. I shall forward you the farther directions this evening. {Addressed ) Samuel Morris, Esq'., Captain Command' of the Philad. Troop of Light Horse or the command*^ Officer in his Absence." In Council. Philad'., June 9th, 1780. << Sij, . — The very Critical Situation of General Washington's Army, destitute of horses to remove his artillery & valuable stores, has made it necessary to send forward, without delay, a number of horses, which cannot be obtained otherwise than by taking them from the dis- affected, accordingly, orders have issued to seize them ; but as it is probable many will attempt'to get them out of Town, we have thought it necessary to direct a patrole of Light Horse on each road leading out of Town, vizt : at frankford bridge, on the Germantown road, the Wissahiccon road, the Middle & Lower ferrys, on Schuylkill, the Moyamens- ing, Passyunk & Gloucester point roads, whose duty it will be to stop all persons lead- ing horses, or whom they shall have reason to believe are taking horses out of Town, to avoid Seizure, securing the horses & delivering them at the forage yard in Walnut Street with the name of the Person to whom they are said to belong. The Patroles may come in by one o'clock, by which time it is presumed the business will be finished. I am. Sir. Your obedient and very humble Servant, Jos : Reed, President." P. S. Particular Care will be taken not to interrupt the Market People going or com- jng — & in every Respect, secrecy is to be observed previous to entering on Business. {Addressed) To Captain Samuel Morris, Com", the Trooii of Militia Light Horse. " Dear Sir. I shall give orders for Twenty of the Troop, properly officered, to be ready to-morrow morning, agreeable to your orders just Received. Be so good as to order us some ammuni- tion, &c., as the Troop are Entirely without. I have not been out of my Chamber these Ten days, being Confined with the Gout, otherwise should have Waited on you on the Receipt of your orders of this morning, & now take this oppt'y to Inform you that they shall also be Complyed with. I am. Sir, With great Respect, Your most obed'. H'ble Serv't Sam'l Morris, Jun." Friday Evening, June 9th, 1780. lyAddresscd) His Excellency, Joseph Reed, Esq., President of the State of Pennsylvania. In this month, " The National Bank for the United States of America," for the purpose of supplying provisions to the Army, was established in Philadelphia and the following paper was prepared to which ninety-two subscriptions were obtained, amounting to ^300,000. " Whereas, in the present situation of public affairs in the United States, the greatest and most vigorous exertions are required for the successful management of the just and necessary war, in which they are engaged with Great Britain : "We, the Subscribers, deeply impressed with the sentiments that on such an occasion should govern us, in the prosecution of a war, on the event of which, our own freedom and that of our posterity and the freedom and independence of the United States are all in- volved, hereby severally pledge our property and credit for the several sums specified and mentioned after our names, in order to support the credit of a Bank to be established for furnishing a supply of provisions for the armies of the United States : — And we do hereby severally promise and engage to execute to the Directors of the said Bank, bonds of the form hereunto annexed. " Witness our hands this 17th day of June, in the year of our Lord, 1780." To the above agreement are attached the following names of members of the Troop: John Mease, _;^4,ooo, Henry Hill, SjOoo, John Mitchell, -2,000, George Campbell, 2,000, Samuel Caldwell, t,ooo, Blair McClenachan, 10,000, Benjamin Randolph, 2,000, Samuel Morris, £S'0°°' James Mease, 5,000, Thomas Leiper, 4,000, William Hall, 2,000, Samuel Penrose, 1,000, James Budden, 4,000, John Dunlap, 4,000, 23 John Donnaluson, ^2,000, James Caldwell, 2,000, John M. Nesbit & Co., (John M. Nesdit & D. H. Convngh vj,.l 5,000, William Turnbull, 1,000, Samuel Inglis, 2,000, BuNNER, Murray & Co., ( Andrew Bunner, John Murray & Thomas Leaming, Jr.) Fjenjamin Davis, Jr., Matthi;\v Irwin, John Patton, Cadwalader Morris, ^6,000, 1,000, 5,000, 2,000, 2,500, On the 14th of this month the news of the capitulation of Charleston, S. C, (May 1 2th), reached Philadelphia, and on the following day the first four classes of the militia were ordered to hold themselves in readiness to march in view of the threatening movements of the enemy in New Jersey ; and on the 21st, while waiting for further orders, " Lady Wash- ington came to town from camp met by our Light Horse and escorted by them." » Several skirmishes having taken place with the British forces without checking their ad- vance, the Troop received the following letter inclosing a letter from Washington to President Reed " directing the march of the Light Horse of the city :" = " Sir, — The inclosed Letter will acquaint you with the Wishes of the Commander-in-Chief. It is my Duty to second them & from the Spirit shewn by the Philadelphia Light Horse at a like critical Period, I have no Doubt their Zeal will lead to as full & speedy Compliance as Circumstances will permit. I am with much Esteem, Sir, Your Obed. & very Hbble Serv., Philad. June 21, . Jos: Reed, 1^80 President. {Addressed) on piiblick service, Capt. Samuel Morris, Command' of the Troop of Jos: Reed. Light Horse." The Company left Philadelphia under Lieutenant Budden, June 24th, 1780, not having received the following countermanding order, which had been addressed to Captain Morris, who was still confined to his chamber by illness : " Sir,— " One of the Delegates in Congress has just informed me, that there has been a Move- ment of the enemy, & some Appearances of their retiring from Eliza town. Under these Circumstances, I think it best to postpone the March of the Troop till we have further [ Christopher Marshall. I Penn'a Archives. Advices; but would have every Thing kept in Readiness to go off at a Moment's Warning. I am, Sir, Your obed. Hbble Serv., Jos : Reed, Philad*. , June 24th, 1780. President.'' ( Addressed ) Capt. Morris, On proceeding as far as Trenton, Lieutenant Budden, commanding the Troop, addressed the following letter to General Washington : Trenton, June 26th, 17S0. "Sir,— " I am to inform your Excellency, that the Philadelphia Troop of Light-Horse, consist- ing of Thirty Eight, arc thus far advanced, by order of His Excellency President Reed, in consequence of the late alarm given by the Enemy's movement into this State. On my way to your head-quarters, I shall proceed by way of Morristovvn and Pluckimin ; In the mean- time, according to my orders, I have despatched a Sergeant of the Troop, with this previous information, to whom you will be pleased to signify your pleasure, by which I shall be en- tirely governed. And have the honor to be, With the greatest respect. Your Excellency's obed'. hum. Serv'., Jas. Budden, L'." His Excellency Gen"-. Washington. The British Army having been repulsed at Springfield, New Jersey, Lieutenant Budden received in answer to this communication, the following personal letter from General W;ish ington, although he had previously directed Colonel Moylan to express his appreciation of the prompt action of the Troop : Head-Quarters, Ramapaugh, 28th June, 1780. " Sir, — "I was favored yesterday evening with your letter of the 26th, advising me of the arrival of your troop at Trenton. The spirit and alertness which the Philadelphia Light horse have discovered on this Occasion, is such as to deserve my best thanks. I should have been happy in their services, had the enemy continued in the Jerseys > but as they have evacuated this State, and as the necessity is over which called them out, you will be pleased to return to Philadelphia. Lideed I thought to have prevented your advance so far, having 25 requested Col. Moylan, who was going that way, after the enemy had retreated, to counter- mand the order for bringing you to camp. I am, Sir, your obed'. Serv'., L'. BuDDEN. G". Washington." [Addressed] James Budden, L'., Philadelphia Troop Light Horse. From the following letter of Colonel Moylan, it would appear that on the day previous to the date of Lieutenant Budden's letter, he had written to Captain Morris, (supposing him to be in command), countermanding the further advance of the Troop: MiDDLEBROOK, 25th June, 1780. " Dear Sir, — " I have it in Command from the Commander-in-Chief, to thank you and the gentle- men of your Corps, for your spirited intentions to join the Army. His Excellency is very sensible of the important avocations which at present require the attention of the Citizens of Philadelphia, and as the enemy have left this State, he would not wish to deprive that Capi- tal of the assistance which so many virtuous Citizens must naturally give to the laudable ex- ertions now prosecuting for the public good. The General doubts not that when the good of the service may require it, Captain Morris and the Gentlemen of the Philadelphia Light Horse will be allways as forward to appear in the field as they have hitherto shewn themselves. I proposed great pleasure to myself in personally delivering the General's thanks to you, but a slight accident which happened to me last night will deprive me of that satisfaction. I have the honor to be, with very great esteem for you and the Gentlemen Composing vour corps, Dear Sir, Your most obedient and most Humb. Serv'., Stephen Moylan. {Addressed") Public Service, Captain Morris, or Officer Commanding the Philadelphia Volunteer Light Horse, on their march — New Jersey." This letter did not fall into Captain Morris' hands for some time after it was written, and on the day following the date of the letter. Colonel Moylan, learning that the Troop were in the neighborhood, sent to Lieutenant Budden the following : — " Colonel Moylan presents his Compliments to the officer commanding the Philadelphia Light Horse, begs leave to wait on him to-morrow morning with a message from the Com- mander-in-Chief The Colonel will meet him at Sommerset about 9 O'Clock. Monday, 26th June, lyiSo." 26 Lieutenant Budden met Colonel Moylan as appointed and received at his hands the following : "Sir, I am come by order of the Commander in Chief, to return you and the Gentlemen of the Philadelphia Light Horse, thanks for the spirited intentions they have shewn to join the Army under his Command. As the enemy have quitted this State with very little Honor to themselves, His Excellency would not wish to deprive the Capital of Pensilvania of the assistance which so many brave and virtuous Citizens must assuredly give to the Laudable exertions now prosecuting for the public benefit. The General doubts not but when occasion requires, the Gentlemen of your Hon'ble Corps will testify the same readiness to take the field which they have shewn upon this, and every other occasion." Captain Morris with seven Troopers had at this time joined the main body, but with a delicacy which did him honor, he refused to assume command until the business was concluded. The names of those engaged in this campaign, were: Samuel Morris, Captain, John Budden, 2nd Lieut., John Lardner, Cornet, John Patton, Adjutant, Thomas Leiper, ist Sergt., William Hall, 2nd " Samuel Penrose, Q. M. Sergt., William Pollard, ist Cori)., James Hunter, 2nd " John Donnaldson, 3d ■" John Mease, 4th " George Campbell, Private, Samuel Caldwell, ■ ' Blair McClenachan, Alexander Nesbitt, " Thomas Leaming, Jr., " Francis Nichols, " Joseph Cowperthwaite, ' ' William Turnbull, George Henry, " James Crawford, " David Lenox, John Montgomery, ' ' Forty-five (45) members and a Trumpeter. Thomas C. Morris, Private, David H. Conyngham, " Thomas Irwin, " Robert Roberts, " Jonathan Mifflin, " Isaac Cox, William Allricks, Joseph Prowell, " Andrew Bunner, " John Lyttle, Benjamin Davis, Jr., Joseph Fisher, " William Nichols, " Matthew Irwin, " James Craig, Jr., John Barclay, David Duncan, John Redman, John Murray, Jacob Morris, Cadwalader Morris, " Robert McClenachan," 27 On the ist of January, 1781, the Pennsylvania Line, in winter-quarters at Morristown, New Jersey, mutinied, demanding their pay and insisting that their term of service had ex- pired. Having killed two officers and several men, who attempted to restrain them, they organized themselves under the command of their non-commissioned officers, and leaving their encampment with six field pieces, marched to Princeton. On the morning of the 3d of January the Troop received an order from the Council Chamber "to hold themselves in Readiness for Service at a Moments Warning," and in the afternoon a detail of three Troopers was made in accordance with the following request : ■' Sir, — I presume you are informed of a most dangerous and unhappy Meeting in the Pennsyl- vania Line, in which two valuable Officers have lost their Lives, and several privates have been killed. The last account was that they were in full March for the city, but I hope this will not be the Case. It is our Duty to be prepared for all Events, and I have therefore to request you would detach Three of the Light-Horse to accompany Gen. St. Clair & the Marquis de la Fayette — one of them to return from Trenton, and the others to proceed with the Generals, & take the further Orders of Gen. St. Clair, &: in the meantime the whole Troop to be in Readiness, as directed to-day. I am. Sir, Your obed. Hbble Serv'. Jos: Reed. P. S. Gen'. St. Clair & the Marquis set out at Daybreak to-morrow Morning from Connolly's Tavern, Race Street. Jan. 3, 1780. {1781) J. Reed {Addressed ) To Capt. Samuel Morris, Command', of The Troop of Light Horse of Philad'. " They arrived at Trenton at 3 o'clock in the afternoon of the 4th of January, and on the following day a Committee of Congress having been appointed to inquire into the alleged grievances of the insurgents, it was determined to visit their camp, and the Troop received the following order from the Secretary of the Supreme Executive Council of Penn- sylvania : " Sir, — I am directed by His Excellency the President, to request, that you will immediately order twenty of the Light Horse to parade at his House at four o'clock this afternoon, ready to march immediately into New Jersey — and to order the remainder of the Corps to parade and march to-morrow morning. I am with great respect, Your most obedient Servant, Friday, Jan''. 5, 1781. T''. Matlack, Sec". To Captain Samuel Morris, of the Corps of Light Horse." • 28 On arriving at Trenton, a portion of the Troop was detailed to escort General St. Clair, the Committee of Congress, the President of Pennsylvania and some members of the Execu- tive Council, who desired to hold a conference with the mutineers. The escort was permitted to enter the insurgent lines, and proceed to their so-called Head-Quarters, but was not per- mitted to remain there, on the ground that the General and the other gentlemen with him, needed no escort whilst they remained their guest. The Troopers were conducted to the Pro- vost Guard where they awaited orders from General St. Clair, and perfect order prevailed in the revolter's camp. President Reed discharged those who professed to have served out their terms of enlistment, and promised, on behalf of the State of Pennsylvania, immediate pay and clothing to those who would return to duty, and by these means ended the insurrection. Three British emissaries, who had entered the insurgents camp with proposals to them to desert the American cause, were delivered over to General Wayne. These men were tried by a Court Martial, and two of them condemned as spies and sentenced to be hanged. The un- pleasant duty of the execution of this sentence devolved upon the Troop. While the Troop was on this service, David H. Conyngham, Thomas Irwin and Isaac Cox were sent off from Head-Quarters at Princeton by General Wayne to observe the move- ments of the British who were then on Staten Island, with the Vulture sloop-of-war, lying off Perth Amboy, New Jersey, i On the eighth of January, private Benjamin Davis, Jr., left Maidenhead, (now Lawrence- ville), N. J., with a letter from General '\\'ashington to the Supreme Executive Council re- 1 The following account of this detachment and the trial and execution of the spies delivered up by the insurgents, is taken from the MSS. of Mr. Conyngham ; * * * * << Upon our leaving our quarters at Mr. Schenck's house, we came upon a Picquet Guard of the Board of Sergeants, & were stopped, & taken before Sergeant Lyons & after a short detention, & ex- plaining our orders, we were allowed to depart, the two spies. Mason & Ogden, were then in charge of this Guard. We proceeded on the Route to Amboy, & on a Post near South or Toms River, we fell in with Major Taylor with a party of Jersey Militia & hav- ing been instructed so to do, we told him to take up the Planks and even destroy the Bridge, if the Erittish should march that way, & that we would return on the gallop if we met them ; we rode on untiU Night, and lodged in a farm-house off the Road. In the Morning proceeded wlih Mr- Ratboon (?) to his house at Perth Amboy, & were conducted privately by him into his House, where we had our Breakfasts and fed our Horses, after which, he took us to the roof of his house, whence we saw the Brittish Army, their men indulged in playing foot Ball. At last, from a Signal from the Ship, they beat to Arms, & we had to run fast, mount our Horses, & ride off; the Ship firing Guns into the Wood that we passed along, & sent their Boats on Shore, but we were soon out of their Way, & returned to Princeton, & joined the Army in its March to Trenton, we being kept in the rear by order of the Sergeants. After reaching Trenton & relating to Gen'. Wayne, at Bloomsbury, what we had seen & done, we were sent to seek quarters : & after I had just lodgings secured, I received an Order to cross the river & join the Guard at Somerset, the house of Mr. Tho' Barclay, where the Spies were sent, and Lord Sterling and Gen'l Wayne and Major Fishborn were quartered. After great trouble & difficulty from the Ice in the Delaware, I reached it, & soon after we received Orders to bring up the Prisoners. Matters were soon settled by the Court Martial, & they were condemned to be hung next Morning before 9 o'Clock, & the execution of the Order was given to Major Fishborn. Ogden was much agitated & overcome upon hearing his Sentence, but still expected it would not be effected. Mason seemed to feel his situation, but declared to the Writer that if they hung him, he was in fault, but that he would die a true and loyal Subject of George the 3d. During the Night, while on Guard, they seriously asked me if they had any hopes ; & I went & spoke with Gen' Wayne, who decidedly told me nothing could save them unless we let them escape, which would involve us in Trouble. I then procured a Bible from Mr. Barclay, & past the Night in Reading it to them ; Mason was devout, but Ogden was in terror & distress. I got them something to eat, & in the Morning Mason slept a little while. After getting the best Breakfast we could obtain, & Our Troop having crossed the River and joined us, we were ordered to bring out the Spies, & their sentence being again read to them, & their hands secured by a rope, they were led to a Tree nearly back of Colvin's ferry-house, & his Waggon and a Negro pressed to hang them; upon their being brought in the waggon to the Tree, a difficulty occurred for a Rope, when Lieut. Budden saw a New Rope Collar upon the horse my Servant was on, who had just arrived with cloaths, &c., for me from Philad.; with this, the business was soon finished, & before nine, having Orders to return home, we galloped off and left them hang- ing; & we reached home that evening, after a severe Week in Cold Weather." 29 questing the sending by him of some specie to Trenton. He returned to Trenton on the eleventh with the money,' and joined tlie command which liad that day received the follow- ing discharge : " Dear Sir, I think our Affairs are now in so good a Train that it will not be necessary to detain the Gentlemen of the Light Horse from their Business & Families. You will therefore dismiss all except five & one of the Officers, with my Sincere Thanks for their Alacrity in turning out, & their Service on this Occasion. — Gen'. Potter, Col. Atlee, yourself, & Mr. McClana- chan, are appointed to settle the Matter agreeable to the inclosed Proposals & the troops are so pleased with the Appointment, that I hope you will add this to your other kind Offices in the Business. — And the sooner you can come up the better. I have sent to Philad". to have all sort of necessary Supplies sent up, & am with much Esteem, Dear Sir, Bloomsbury, Yoiir Obed. Hbble Serv. . Jan. II, 1781. Jos: Reed. (Addressed) Capt. Morris, Of the Light Horse. '" The following were on duty at this time : Samuel Morris, Captain, John Budden, 2nd Lieut. , John Lardner, Cornet, John Patton, Adjutant, Thomas Leiper, ist Sergt., William Hall, 2nd " John Donnaldson, 3d " William Pollard, 4th '' Samuel Penrose, Q. M. Sergt., James Hunter, ist Corp., John Mease, 2nd " George Campbell, Private, Samuel Caldwell, Blair McClenachan, " Alexander Nesbitt, James Caldwell, •' Thomas Leaming, Jr., " Francis Nichols, " I The following extract from the Minutes of the Supreme Executive Council referring to this duty, is of interest : ' Philadelphia Jan. lo, 1781. The Secretary returned from the Treasurer .ind brought with him two bags, sealed, com loncy left at the Treasury by Gen'l Potter ; and the same being opened there appears to be, 80}^ English guineas . . . . . f?) 35J Z>4°, 17. «■ 3 French " . ' . 5j^ Moidors, ....... 45^ u, i6, 3. 5 Spanish pistoles . 4 Ducats, a Caroline, 9954 half Johannes'. ....... 298,17,6. 43j^ dollars, ........ 16, 7, 6. 2% English shillings , aiid the same was delivered. In the presence of Council to Benja ered to his Excellency the President, at Trenton, to which plac< ;£484, 2. , one of the corps of light horse, to be by hii immediately." 30 John Lyttle, Private, Benjamin Davis, Jr. Joseph Fisher, William Nichols, Matthew Irwin, Michael M. O'Brien, James Craig, Jr., John Barclay, David Duncan, John Redman, John Murray, George Hughes, Jacob Morris, Cadwalader Morris, Robert McClenachan,' Joseph Cowperthwaite, Private, William Turnbull, " George Henry, " James Crawford, " David Lenox, " John Montgomery, " Thomas C. Morris, " David H. Conyngha.m, " Thom.^s Irwin, " Robert Roberts, " Jonathan Mifflin, " Isaac Cox, " William Allricks, ' ' Joseph Prowell, " Andrew Bunner, " Forty-eiglit (48) members. Immediately upon the return of tne Troop to Pliiladelpliia a detachment was sent off" to Trenton in obedience to the following request of Vice-President Moore of Pennsylvania: " Sir, — I have Just now Received a letter from the President, wherein he desires that ^5000 State or hard money, should be forwarded on to Trenton so soon as Possible. I should be glad could you make it suit you to set off to-morrow, with some one of your Corps to bear you company. If it will not suit )'ou to go yourself, you will please to direct any One or Two of your corps to set off Early to-morrow. It will much oblige Y'. most ob' Hum. Serv'. . Wm. Moore, Phila. Jan. 13, 1781. Vice-President." Capt. Samuel Morris." The operations of the army being confined to the Southern States, there are no records of the Troop having been called into service in the spring of this year; in the early summer. Lord Cornwallis having re-mounted his cavalry with the fine horses captured on the James River, commenced the destruction of the public stores in the State of Virginia, and on the T5th of June, by requirement of the Continental Congress, the Troop was ordered by the Supreme Executive Council " to hold itself in readiness for field service at short notice,"' On the 20th of September, information having been received that General Clinton had embarked from New York with five thousand men, and in view of the probable designs of his : Penn'a Archh 31 army against the city of Philadelphia, the Troop was again ordered by President Reed "to be in readiness to move upon the shortest notice." ' It received, (Sept. 28th), orders to march on Sunday the 30th inst., but the Council learning that the British fleet had been driven back to New York by the French fleet, coun- termanded this order on Sunday evening, and the Troop was so notified, "but e.\pected to be ready upon the shortest notice." As far as can be ascertained the services of the Com- pany were not required upon either of the above instances. On the 19th of October, 1781, Lord Cornwallis surrendered with his entire army at Yorktown, Virginia, and on the third of the following month, the captured British standards, ( eighteen German and six English regimental colors), arrived in Philadelphia and were given in charge to the Troop, which procured a full band of music, and amid the joyful acclama- tions of the people, laid the colors at the feet of Congress then in session in the city. A few days afterwards, a detachment of the Troop under Lieutenant Dunlap, marched into New Jersey having received the following order : War Office, Nov. 7th, 1781. "Sir,— John Moody and Lawrence Marr, being apprehended as spies, you will proceed with your party to New Jersey, and endeavor to apprehend their Accomplices. A Waggon was to be prepared at the house of Hulings, on the road from Cooper's ferry to Egg harbour, where James Moody is to be this Night. You will not cross at Will"". Coopers, but at some other Ferry, and as Hulings is acquainted with the Business, and probably Wm. Cooper, you will avoid letting them know your Route or Intentions; if you fail in apprehending James Moody, you will bring with you Hulings, and take the information of Thomas Addi- son, who will give you a Description of Persons and an Account of Circumstances. Confid- ing in your doing everything in your Power to detect and apprehend Accomplices, and gain Intelligence, we have only to beg you will proceed with all possible despatch. We are Sir, Your obed. Seivants, Mr. Jno. Dunlap, Richard Peters, Lieut, of the Phila. Lt. Dragoons. In behalf of the Board of War." Upon the return of the party to the city it received the following letter of thanks: War Office, Nov. loth, 1781. " Sir,— You will please to accept yourself, and convey to the Gentlemen of the Troop who were with you on the Party sent into New Jersey, the Thanks of the Board for their Atten- tion and Endeavors to comply with their Request to you, under which you took every possi- ble Step to apprehend the Accomplices in the Design to rob the public Offices. 32 We are extremely happy to hear from your Report, of the Readiness with which you were assisted by Col. J. Ellis and Keys, Esq., and you will be pleased to signify to those Gentlemen that we are much obliged to them for their prompt and voluntary Exertions. We are. Sir, Your very obed. servants, Richard Peters, Mr. John Dunlap, By order of the Board of War. Lieut, of the Troop of Philada. Lt. Dragoons."' On the 25th of this month, the Troop formed the escort of General Washington on his arrival in Philadelphia, where he was received with every manifestation of love and grati- tude by the people, and every mark of respect by Congress. The Head-Quarters of the Army were established in this city during this winter, and the Commander-in-Chief resided here until early in the following spring. When, on March 22nd, 1782, he left the city, " His Excellency was escorted by Captain Morris' Troop of city horse," it having been ordered to this honorable duty by the fol- lowing request of the President of the Supreme Executive Council : " Sir, — You' ill please to Parade the Troop of Light Horse under your command at General Potter's Quarters, in Walnut Street, near Third Street, precisely at Ten O'Clock to-morrow Morning, in order to Escort General Washington to Frankford. I am, with great Respect, Your most Qb'. & Hum. Serv'., W". Moore, Capt'n. Samuel Morris, President. Thursday Evening, Mch 21, 1782." The following orders were received by the Troop in the month of May of this year: ^ " Sir,— You will please to parade the Troop of Light horse under your command, on the com- mon opposite Market Street, on Monday next at 9 o'clock, A. M., and received your fur ther orders from the commanding officer of the day. I am. Sir, Your most obedient Servant, W". Moore, Philada, May 11, 1782. President. To Capt. Samuel Morris." 1 The men, Moody and Marr, were tried and having been proven to be emissaries of the Traitor Arnold, and employed by him in the attempted robbery of the office of the Secretary of Congress, were hanged on the 13th of November, 1781. 2 These papers are in the possession of the Troop, but no records have been discovered of the service for which they were issued. 33 Philadelphia, May 24th, 1782. " Sir,— In consequence of an order to me from His Excellency the President, and the Hon. Council, you are hereby Requested to Notice one-half of the City Philada. Troop of Light Horse to hold themselves in Readiness to march at the Shortest Notice. I am, with due respect, Sir, Your most Humble Serv', Sam'. Morris, Jun'., Esq'. W". Henry, L'. {Addressed) To Samuel Morris, Jun', Esq'., Captain of the City Philadelphia Militia Troop of Light Dragoons." The Bank which had been established in the year 1780, was this year incorporated as The Bank of North America, and a quantity of specie was imported for its use at the port of Baltimore. It was thought proper by the Council of Pennsylvania to order a military guard to bring this money to the city ; and a detachment of the Troop was chosen for this service, which marched on jeceipt of the following order : Philadelphia, June 17th, 1782. ' Sir,— You' ill please to Order Ten of your Company of Light Horse to proceed to-Morrow to Baltimore, for the Purpose of Escorting the Specie lately Arriv'd there, belonging to the Merchants of this City. I am, Sir, Y'. most hum. Serv". W". Moore, Captn. Samuel Morris. Pres'. Provisional articles of peace were signed and sealed by the commissioners of Great Britain and the United States at London, November 30th, 1782, and there are no records of the further services of the Troop up to the time of the Peace Proclamation of April i ith, 1 7S3. Shortly after the cessation of hostilities, the Troop under command of Captain Morris, was ordered out, June 21st, 1783, to aid in suppressing a mutiny in the Pennsylvania Line. The mutineers had marched to Philadelphia from I^ancaster, surrounded the Hall of Congress and demanded a settlement of their accounts; Congress however adjourned to Princeton during the night, and the insurgents in view of the strength displayed by the militia were dispersed quietly and without bloodshed. After the year 17S3, nothing of interest occurred worthy of note until September 15th, 1787, when the members of the Company tendered a complimentary dinner to General Wash- ington at the City Tavern, Second Street above Walnut Street ; the Troop with its distinguished guests, together numbered fifty-five on this interesting occasion. On the 4th of July, 17S8, 34 the grand Federal procession in honor of the adoption of the Constitution of the United States took place, in which the Troop under the command of Captain Miles, paraded. April 2oth, 1789, His Excellency the President of the United States arrived in the city accompanied by the President of the State of Pennsylvania, and they were escorted by the two City Troops of horse ; Washington rode at the head of the procession and was every where received with the liveliest manifestation of joy; he remained in Philadelphia until the following day, and on his departure was attended by the Troop to the city limits. On the Eighth of March, 1792, the gentlemen who had been members of the Troop from the year 1776 to 1783, resolved to appropriate the pay due them for their services during the Revolutionary war, and which amounted to eight thousand dollars, to the establishment of a "Foundling Hospital," and Captain Samuel Morris, First Lieutenant John Dimlap, and Quarter-Master John Donnaldson, were appointed to hold the money in trust to be applied to that purpose. May 1 2th, 1794, the following change In uniform was made, a "blue coat faced with red, the edging for the commissioned officers silver, and for the non-commissioned officers and privates, white cord. The fatigue dress, a blue short jacket, red collar and cuffs, and mixed grey overalls. For the horse, a white saddle-cloth with blue edging, and a blue and white head piece." In the autumn of this year a popular outbreak occurred, known in history as the "Whiskey Insurrection :" this was an uprising of certain of the inhabitants of the western counties of Pennsylvania, in opposition to the recently enacted Excise Law of the United States, imposing duties on domestic distilled liquors. In the vicinity of Pittsburgh, the mails were stopped and robbed, buildings destroyed and other outrages committed; the in- surrection assumed such proportions that at one time there were between six and seven thousand insurgents under arms. In this emergency the President of the United States by Proclamation, called upon the militia of the several States to quell the rebellion, and at a meeting of the Troop held at the City Tavern on the loth of September, it was unanimously resolved to offer its services, which were accepted, and on the 19th of September it marched from Philadelphia, joined the army under General Washington and proceeded to Pittsburgh. The prompt and decided ac- tion of the President, in calling out at once a sufficient force, overawed the seditious : the insurrection was quelled and the Troop returned to Philadelphia on the 2Sth of December.' I Sergeant D, H, Conyngham mentions in his MSS. as an incident of this campaign: * * * "General Washington, Commander-in-Chief and President of the United States, riding alongside of me, expressed warmly his respect for the First Troop ; that he could scarcely convey how much he had always felt himself indebted to the Troop, for their services during the Revolutionary War, and also their services on the present expedition ; that such gentlemen turning out, was the means of in- ducing the other troops to march more cheerfully." And Gov. William Findlay, in his " History of the Insurrection," etc.,- mentions in his account of the services of the Troop : " Capt. Dunlap and his party, while they behaved with the greatest dexterity in taking the prisoners, treated them with as much politeness and attention as their situation would admit of, and engaged their gratitude by accompanying unavoidable severity with humanity." ^ S3 box to be slung by a shoulder belt, in place of the present manner of carrying it ; the points of the jacket in front to be cut off and made round; and a broad striped belt, like pattern, to be worn round the body." ' Upon the occasion of the visit of President Jackson in June of this year, the Troop formed a squadron with the Second Troop, the Washington Cavalry and the National Troop, and, under the command of Captain Hart, marched to the Navy Yard and escorted the President to his quarters at the City Hotel, Third Street. On the next day the Troop re- ceived the Delaware County Troop and the Chester County Troop, and after conducting them to their position in the line of the division parade, was detailed as the body-guard of the President in the review which followed. In the month of October the Troop marched to Chester, for the purposes of drill and target exercise, and remained there several days. On its way to that town it was met at Darby by the Delaware County Troop and was escorted to its quarters at Chester. In August of 1834, the Troop was on duty for three days in the southern suburbs under a call of the Sheriff " to assist in quelling a riot there existing." On the 8th of December, 1838, in obedience to a general order of the 7th inst. , the Troop paraded at seven o'clock, .\. M., to proceed with the Division to Harrisburg, on a requisition of Governor Ritner, as military assistance was required to prevent the disturbance of the legislature by a threatening mob. This demonstration was known as the "Buckshot War." No cars large enough for the transportation of the horses having been furnished, the Troop was dismounted, and went as infantry. After an absence of ten days the command returned to the city, but was not mustered out of service until New Year's day, 1839, when the fol- lowing complimentary letter was read by direction of Major-General Patterson. "Philadelphia, January ist, 1839. Dear Sir, — I am directed by the Major General to communicate his acknowledgments to you and the Gentlemen in your command, of his sense of the prompt conduct, strict discipline, and high bearing of the Troop during the recent visit to Harrisburg, with a request that you will communicate the same to your officers and privates. Altho' he has no desire the same shall be made public, as he wishes to draw no invidious distinctions, when all are entitled to praise, yet he has felt desirous that his appreciation of the conduct of your command, should be specially made known to you ; and allow me to say, it gives me very great pleasure to be the person deputed to make the communication. I am, with great regard, -yrs, &c. &c., Capt : William H. Hart, John Miles, A. D. C. First City Troop." , The scarlet facings and cu& of the jacket of 1798 had been rejected by resolution at a meeting held October ^Tth. '8'S, and the uniform, with the akerations adopted at the meeting of Fcbmary .8th, 1833. is the dress of the Trooper of the present day. 54 The following were on duty at Harrisburg : William H. Hart, Captain, Thomas C. James, Private, John Lardner, 2nd Lieutenant, Joshua Lippincott, " Robert C. Hemphill, Cornet, William Lippincott, " John Butler, ist. Sergt., Charles McEuen, " Wm. Penington, 2nd Sergt. and Q. M., Sullivan A. Merideth, " Alexander Lardner, 3d Sergt., R. Butler Price, " C. Rockland Thomson, ist Corporal, William P. Rockhill, " Peter Abel, (honorary) Private, Joseph M. Rogers, " Joseph K. Eyres, " Charles Willing, " John F. Frazer, ' ' Henry Willing, ' ' William Jackson, " Twenty-one (21) members, and D. Beck, Trumpeter. Martin Van Buren, President of the United States, passed through Philadelphia on his way from New York to Washington on the 14th of October, 1839, and the Troop joined the Division which was paraded as his escort. At their dinner on the birthday of Washing- ton, in the following year, Major-General Winfield S. Scott, U. S. A., was a guest of the Troop. The remains of General Hugh Mercer, who fell at Princeton in 1777, were removed from Christ Church on the 26th of November, 1840, and the Troop paraded as a special escort on the occasion, the coffin being draped with the original standard of the Company. After a funeral service at the First Presbyterian Church, the remains were re-interred at Laurel Hill Cemetery. The Troop performed similar service in the ceremonies attending the removal of the remains of Colonel Haslett, who also fell at Princeton, which were taken from Christ Church on the 2nd of July, 1841, and removed to the home of his family in Delaware. The Troop paraded with the Division on Tuesday the 13th of April, 1S41, "to do honor to the memory of William Henry Harrison, late President of the United States." After the parade was dismissed, the Troop marched to Saint Peter's Church and listened to a sermon preached by Bishop Onderdonk. In obedience to Brigade orders the Troop was called into service in 1842 to assist in quelling a riot in the District of Southwark. It was on duty under command of Cornet Jackson, from the ist until the 3d of August, when the mob was dispersed. Another riot broke out in Kensington in January, 1843, and the Troop having been again called into service with "ball cartridge," paraded on the 12th inst., under command of Lieutenant Jackson. On the 17th of February, at the funeral of Commodore Isaac Hull, U. S. Navy, the Troop attended the parade and escorted the remains to Christ Church. The Troop joined the First Brigade to parade as an escort to John Tyler, President of the United States, upon his visit to the city on the 9th of June. ^'^^'^^ct^ /^^?^^^ 55 The Troop assembled on the 7th of May, 1S44, in obedience to Brigade orders, to assist in quelling a serious riot which had broken out in Kensington. It joined the Brigade on Washington Square and marched to the ground as support to two pieces of cannon. After remaining at the scene of disturbance some hours, it returned to the city and was dismissed. The ne.xt day the Troop again assembled and marched to the scene of the dis- turbance where it was employed during the afternoon, with the rest of the Brigade under Brigadier-General Cadwalader, in endeavoring to preserve order in the district. About 8 o'clock in the evening it was detached by the General to act against the mob collected in front of Saint Augustine's Church on Fourth Street. After a smart gallop the company was halted at Fourth and Vine Streets, when Captain Butler rode into the mob and addressed them, but was ordered by John M. Scott, Mayor of the City, to retire to the head of his Troop. In about ten minutes the Mayor ordered Captain Butler to withdraw his company to the west side of Franklin Square and there await further orders. Half an hour later, the Troop in obedience to a written order from the Mayor, was again marched to the ground and charged the mob, driving them from the vicinity of the Church and completely clearing the streets. As the Troop was about to take possession of the Church and occupy the square in which it stood, it was again ordered by the Mayor to leave the ground ; it then returned to Kensington and reported to General Cadwalader, remaining there until 11 o'clock, when it again marched into the city in company with the First Brigade, and after dispersing the crowd in front of Saint John's Church, on Thirteenth Street, remained at the arsenal on Juniper Street, until 4 o'clock of the morning of the ninth, and was then dismissed. Martial Law was declared in the city and the Troop continued to assemble daily, and on the twelfth, in company with a large body of military and United States sailors, armed as boarders, marched through the different sections of the city. The disturbance continued during the thirteenth and fourteenth of the month, on which days the Troop assembled and was in readiness for any emergency. On the fifteenth it again assembled, and after having been inspected by Brigade-Inspector, Major Thos. T. Firth, was dismissed from further service with orders " to assemble immediately upon hearing eight taps of the State House bell given in rapid succession and repeated after an interval of thirty seconds. ' ' Another serious disturb- ance occurring in Southwark in the following July, the Troop was on daily duty with the Brigade from Sunday the seventh, for one week. On the 1 2th of October, the Troop marched to Achoffs, in Gwynned Township, Montgomery County, where it spent one week for the purpose of general military instruction. At a meeting held on the 21st of April, 1845, the Troop appropriated two hundred dollars of the pay received from the city for services during the riots of the preceding year, to be paid to " the Committee of Relief, as an expression of the sympathy entertained by the members towards the sufferers by the late calamitous fire in Pittsburgh." On the 2nd of June, the Wilmington Light Dragoons, Captain Andrews, were re- ceived as guests of the Troop and paraded through the city to their quarters at Horter's Hotel S6 in Market Street. On the following day they were escorted to the grounds of the Schuylkill Fishing Company below Gray's Ferry, where they spent the day and partook of a dinner prepared by the members of the Troop at the " Castle of the State in Schuylkill," which was kindly lent by the Fishing Company for this purpose. On the twenty-si.xth, the Troop joined the Division under Command of Major-General Patterson, which paraded to do honor to the memory of the late President of the United States, Andrew Jackson. On the 6th of October, the Troop went into an encampment at the Brandywine Springs. At Wilmington it was met by the First and Second Troops of Delaware Dragoons, and escorted by them to camp, and on its return on the tenth, the Troop was met and escorted by the Second Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry into the city. On the 29th of October of the following year, the Troop joined the Division under the command of Brigadier-General Cadwalader in the parade to escort the remains of Commo- dore Stephen Decatur, United States Navy, on their removal from Georgetown, D. C, to Saint Peter's Church yard in this city. On the occasion of the visit of President James K. Polk to the city, June 23d, 1847, the Troop paraded as his body guard; and on the 19th of May, 1848, it escorted General Cadwalader into the city upon his return from Mexico, and with the Cadwalader Carvalry, Washington Cavalry and First and Second State Troops, received the General at Gray's Ferry. The cavalry then marched into the city and joined the division which conducted the General to Independence Hall. On the 5th of October, the Troop assembled and paraded with the division in the funeral procession of Commodore Biddle, United States Navy, an honorary member of the Troop, who was buried at Christ Church burial ground at Fifth and Arch Streets. In the month of October, 1849, ^ ''io' occurred in the District of Moyamensing, and on the tenth, the first brigade having been called into service, the Troop under command of Lieutenant James, was on duty until the following afternoon, when the rioters were dis- persed. On the thirteenth, there being some appearances of further trouble in the same part of the city, the Troop and several infantry companies of the brigade were again under arms for twenty-four hours. During the first night that the Troop was upon the scene of the disturbance, its members received ipany attentions at the house of Mr. Robert J. Park, and "as a testimonial of their just appreciation of the kindness and courtesy extended to them by Mr. Park," a casket containing a set of table silver was presented to Mrs. Park by them. On the 30th of June, 1850, the Troop paraded and took part in the funeral obsequies in respect to the memory of the late President of the United States, General Zachary Taylor. On the 7th of August of this year, the Troop paraded and attended the funeral of the late Commodore Jones, United States Navy. On the 1 2th of May, 1851, the company paraded and acted as an escort to President Fillmore, upon his visit to the city. 57 On the 2ist of February, 1852, the Troop by resolution appropriated the sum of one hundred dollars to the fund for the restoration of the monument at Paoli, Chester County, which was in a dilapidated condition. On the 2nd of July, the Troop paraded and took part in the mock funeral in respect to the memory of the Hon. Henry Clay; the pro- cession took place at night, and the Troop had the distinction of acting as guard of honor upon the occasion. On the 12th of July, 1853, the Division paraded upon the occasion of the visit of President Pierce to the city. In October of this year, the Troop assembled and proceeded to the tavern of George Woodruff, on the Bristol Turnpike, fourteen miles from the city, where they remained for one week for drill and general military instruction. On March 13th, 1S57, the Troop paraded and took part in the funeral obsequies of the late Dr. Elisha Kent Kane, U. S. N., the Arctic explorer. May 28th, 1858, the Troop paraded and joined the regiment under command of General Cadwalader, as guard upon the occasion of the funeral of General Persifer F. Smith, U. S. A. , and escorted the remains from Fourth and Arch Streets to Laurel Hill Cemetery. On Sep- tember ist, of this year, they participated in the Division parade in commemoration of the successful completion of the Atlantic cable telegraph. On the gth of June, i860, the Troop paraded with the Division in the escort of the Japanese Embassy which arrived in the city that day. The drift of political affairs during the winter of 1860-61, made it evident that local disturbances, if not anything more serious, might call the Troop into active service and more than usual attention was paid to the drills and to the instruction of non-com- missioned officers and men. The attack on Fort Sumter and the subsequent events which are matters of general history, pointed still more strongly in the same direction, and as soon as the call for troops was made by the general government on the 15th of April, the Company tendered its ser- vices under the call. At first the military authorities declined to receive any cavalry, believ- ing that only infantry would be required from the States, and that the regular cavalry and artillery would be sufficient, but Captain James by a visit to Washington, succeeded in in- ducing the War Department to receive the Troop, and an order to that effect was soon issued. In the meantime the Company was actively engaged in adding to its roll, so as to bring the number up to that required by the regulations, and drills took place daily. The government agreed to supply arms, horse furniture and camp equipage, but there were many other things to be provided, and the following paper circulated among the friends of the Troop was quickly responded to, and the money thus generously contributed was expended in the purchase of horses and uniforms for the trumpeters and farrier, for valises and portions of outfit of new members, for extra pay of trumpeters and general pur- poses of a " Company Fund " during the campaign. 58 "The undersigned request the First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry to receive from us to defray extraordinary expenses. Philadelphia, May 4th, 1861. Thomas Smith, 5500. E. J. Lewis, ^50. John Grigg, 100. Henry Lewis, Jr., SO- Wm. H. Hart, 100. John B. Austin, SO- Evans Rogers, 100. Alexander Benson, 100. Wm. a. Blanchard, 100. Thomas P. Hoopes, 5°- John A. Brown, 100. A. C. Cattell, 100. John B. Budd, loo. Dr. David Javne, 100. H. P. Borie, 100. M. J. LUKENS, SO- E. M. Hopkins, 100. John Dallett, SO- Daniel Smith, Jun'r , 100. Jno. Gibson, Sons & Co., 100. Wharton Fisher, 100. John T. Lewis & Bros., 100. W. H. Newbold, Son & Aertsen , 100. Sa.m'l L. Shober, 100. H. T. DeSilver, 200. Tatham & Bros., SO. Drexel & Co. , 100. Moore & Campion, 100. C. Macalester, so- Thomas Sparks, 100. John Bohlen, Jr., 100. RoBT. H. Gratz, 100. Waterman Son, Fox & Co., so- Wm. H. Stewart, 100. WiLMER, Cannell & Co., so- Del. Mutual Ins. Co., 100. W. Henry Reese, so- Dr. Alex. H. Smith, I GO. John B. Myers, 100. 100. Charles S. Cox, TOO. Stephen Morris, Total, $ +,OSO.' On the fourth of May, a flag and a standard bearing the arms of the City of Philadel- phia were presented to the Troop by a number of ladies,' and an appropriate correspon- dence passed between them and a committee of the Company. On the thirteenth, the Company assembled at nine o'clock on the vacant ground in the rear of the Academy of Music at Broad and Locust Streets, which was at that time its usual place of meeting for mounted parades, and riding slowly down to Point Breeze Park, was there inspected by Major Ruff, U. S. A., mustering officer, and mustered into the service of the United States for the term of ninety days. The horses all belonged to the Troopers and were appraised by the mustering officer, the government agreeing to pay for . Mrs. John Grigg, Mis. George J. Weaver, Mrs. Charles J. Peterson, Mrs. H. T. DeSilver, Mrs. Jos. F. Tobias, Mrs. Daniel Haddock, Jr., Mrs. James Carstairs. Jr., Mrs. Charles Carstairs, Mrs. J. H. Chambers, Mrs. P. Jenks Smith, Mrs. Michael Weaver, Mrs. Stephen Kimball, Mrs. E. H. Filler, Mrs. Dr. Bond, . Thos M. Quicksall, . Wm. A. Blanchard, . Charles Koons, . B. H. Moore, . J, Warner Erwin. A oji^-^i^ ol cy^/^;^ 59 any lost or injured. It perhaps speaks well for the care bestowed upon the horses that only- one horse died during the campaign. Report said that the Troop would be sent imme- diately to Elkton in Maryland, as offensive operations had already commenced at Perryville on the Susquehanna, and Captain James made a visit to that place the following day to select a spot for the camp ; but the intention of sending the Troop there was however abandoned. After having been mustered into the service a mounted drill took place every day either at Fairmount Park, Point Breeze Park, or on South Broad Street, and roll call each evening at the Armory, which was then in the third story of the building at the South-west corner of Twelfth and Chestnut Streets. In the meantime the materials for the campaign were being prepared, and it having been decided that the regular army uniform should be worn, the Company on the twenty-third, marched, dismounted, to the Arsenal on the Gray's Ferry Road and was fitted out, each man paying for his own suit, and marched back to the Armory carrying the bundles. The uniform was that of the U. S. Dragoon, and consisted of a dark blue cloth cap, with top falling forward and crossed sabres in brass on the centre ; a full dress jacket of dark blue cloth, trimmed with orange braid ; a blouse of dark blue flannel, and trowsers of light blue cloth, re-inforced with a saddle piece on the inside of the leg. The sergeant's trowsers had broad, and the corporal's narrow stripes of orange braid on the outer seam, and their jackets and blouses had the usual chevrons in orange braid. The regular dark blue Troop overcoat completed the equipment, it being a much better garment than the army overcoat. The first drill in the new uniform took place on the following Saturday. It being a time-honored custom of the Troop to attend service at St. Peter's Church, at Third and Pine Streets, on the Sunday preceding a departure for active service, the Com- pany marched to the Church on the twenty-sixth, wearing the new United States uniform and were addressed at the close of the sermon by the Rev. George Leeds, rector. The an- cient appearance of the Church, the earnest words of the pastor, and the crowd of friends of the command, made the scene a solemn and impressive one. On the twenty-seventh and twenty-eighth, the arms, blankets, canteens, haversacks and camp equipage were received. Everything was now in readiness for a start, except the saddles which were not furnished until the next night. The horse equipment was that of the regular cavalry service, the McClellan saddle with the Mexican ring and girth, blue saddle blanket, black leather bridle with blued steel bit and watering bit and lariat. The arms were a brass mounted sabre and Colt's navy revolver, and the belts of black leather with the narrow shoulder belt to take part of the weight of the sabre. There had been many rumors as to the destination of the Company, but it was at last clearly understood that it was to be attached to the Second U. S. Cavalry, commanded by Colonel, afterwards the distinguished General George H. Thomas. Orders were issued to 6o meet at 8 o'clock on Thursday, the 30th of May, at the Armory, and to be on the ground in the rear of the Academy of Music at half-past ten. It was a beautiful spring morning and the Troopers turned up fresh and cheerful, in full marching order, with tin cups and well filled haversacks, and in many cases some impedimenta which subsequent experience diminished. The necessary formalities occupied a short time and at half-past eleven the bugles sounded the ' ' forward. ' ' The route lay along Broad Street to Walnut, down Walnut to Twelfth, up Chestnut to one of the streets near the river and across the Market Street Bridge to Hestonville, where the horses were put on the cars and the last farewells were spoken to those who had driven out to say good bye. The scene along the streets was quite exciting, crowds of people lined the sidewalks, the windows were full, and at the Philadelphia Club House particularly, the enthusiasm was great. An uneventful ride over the Pennsylvania Railroad brought the Troop to Carlisle about midnight, where the officers of the Second Cavalry welcomed its officers kindly, and the men and horses were billeted in the town. The next morning four Companies of Colonel Thomas' regiment marched into town from the barracks and the Troop joined them in the open square or " diamond " in the centre of the town. It was a bright sunny morning and the march commenced under the most pleasant auspices, ending at Shippensburg at 4 o'clock, where the Troop pitched its first camp in a shady grove, to which the good people of the town brought coffee and other provisions which were gladly received. The next day (June ist), the Command marched to Chambersburg and encamped near the town. Other military, principally Pennsylvania regiments, were lying close by. This camp (M'Clure) was occupied for five days, during which some heavy rains tried the temper of the men. The time spent at this place was devoted to the organization of the army. General Patterson arriving on the evening of the 2nd of June, and making his Head-Quarters in the town. On the yth of June, the whole column, now consisting of the cavalry, Doubleday's Regular Artillery, McMullen's Rangers from Philadelphia, and the 9th, 21st and 23d Regi- ments Pennsylvania Volunteers, moved to Greencastle, eleven miles farther south-west, and remained there in camp (Wingerd) until the morning of the fifteenth, wtien the column again moved to Williamsport on the Potomac. On Sunday the sixteenth, the "general" was sounded at 8 o'clock in the morning, and it was soon understood that the column would cross the Potomac into Virginia, a movement naturally looked forward to with considerable in- terest. By 12 o'clock the line was in motion, and at half-past one the crossing commenced. Some infantry had been sent over in advance, and it being the turn of the Troop to head the column in the march on that day, it had the honor of being the first of the main body to cross. Brilliant sunshine, the wide shallow river with the long line of blue coats winding slowly across it, the interested groups watching the movement from the high bluffs on the Williamsport side, combined to make the scene one of great interest and beauty. The 6i march was continued to Falling Waters, about four miles from the river, where the camp was pitched. A number of Union men, who had been driven out of Virginia, crossed with the army at this tiipe, and regained their homes. The force thus moved to the Virginia side of the river was under the command of General Cadwalader, General Patterson remaining at Hagerstown. The following day, a report having been brought in that some rebel cavalry were near by, the Troop was ordered out on a scout and came up with a small body of mounted men who retreated without any resistance. General Patterson having at this time received a peremp- tory order to send the regular troops and the Rhode Island regiment to Washington at once, the four companies of the Second Cavalry and all the rest of the military were recalled, leaving Dare's Infantry Regiment (23d Pa. Vol.), and the Troop on the Virginia side of the Potomac. Orders had been sent for them to cross also, but the man who carried them having been shot, they were not received. A picket from the Troop consisting of ten men was sent out at dark about two miles to the front, coming in at daylight, immediately after which Dare's Regiment and the Troop recrossed the Potomac and no troops were left in Virginia at that point. The Troop went to its old camping ground (Camp Union) near Williamsport, and found the regular cavalry there, but that same evening they moved off on their way to Washing- ton, leaving the Troop alone. It appears from General Joe Johnston's narrative, that as soon as he heard of the cross- ing of General Patterson, he moved his troops from near Charlestown, where they were en route for Winchester, to Bunker Hill, midway between Martinsburg and Winchester, to be in a position to oppose a junction of Patterson's and McClellan's forces, and that when news of the recrossing of Patterson on the eighteenth reached him, he moved back to Winchester which he made his Head-Quarters. On the twentieth, the regular cavalry returned, the order detaching them having been countermanded, and the next day the camp was moved to a pleasant grove on the banks of the Conococheague, about two miles northwest of Williamsport, and on the twenty-fifth the Troop moved back to its old camp, leaving the regulars in Camp Conococheague. On the morning of the twenty-ninth, an alarm that a body of the enemy had crossed the river below, caused all the troops to be turned out about 6 o'clock, and after remaining in and around Williamsport until 11 o'clock, orders were received to go into camp again. The alarm was based upon the crossing of a small body of the enemy near Harper's Ferry for the purpose of destroying boats at that point. The morning of the ist of July having been decided upon for the second crossing of the river, the Troop moved out of its camp at daylight, and after waiting in the streets of Williamsport for several hours, was ordered back to its camp, the rebels having destroyed a 62 dam on the river and made it impassable for infantry. In tlie afternoon, the Second Cavalry- joined the Troop again in its old camp. The next day the second crossing of the Potomac took place, commencing at 4 o'clock in the morning. It was a brilliant, warm summer day, and the army after crossing, immediate- ly took the direct road for Martinsburg. About four miles from the ford, near Falling Waters, and nearly at the place occupied by the advanced picket of the Troop on the night of June 17th, the skirmishers on the front and right flank became engaged with the enemy which consisted of Colonel, (afterwards General) Stonewall Jackson's Brigade, with a small body of cavalry under Stuart, and one field piece commanded by the Rev. Captain Pendleton, after- wards a distinguished artillery commander ; the Fifth Virginia Infantry, Colonel Harper, was principally engaged. On the Union side, the First Wisconsin, and the Eleventh Penn- sylvania Regiments, McMullen's Rangers, Perkins' (regular) Battery and the Troop were in action. As soon as the engagement commenced, one section of Perkins' Battery, supported by the Troop, was hurried along the road to the top of a slight hill, and a brisk fire opened upon the enemy who were partly sheltered by Porterfield's farm buildings. Pendleton's gun returned the fire, and a sharp musketry rattle was kept up between the skirmishers. The Second Cavalry had been despatched towards the enemy's right flank, when he gradually fell back, leaving the farm buildings in flames. The mansion house was immediately occupied as a hospital for the wounded of both parties, and the pursuit of the enemy, who now began a rapid retreat, was kept up for about three miles, to Hainesville, where the Union troops halted and went into camp. The enemy continued to fall back through Martinsburg to Darksville, six or seven miles below Martinsburg, where they met the main body of Johnston's force coming up to support them. In this skirmish the loss was not heavy on either side, but it was one of the first times in which troops had been engaged in any considerable numbers or in a systematic manner, and is noteworthy because many of the officers on both sides became the most distinguished in the war. During the night after the fight, a part of the Troop, under the command of Lieutenant Camac, was employed on picket duty about two miles south of Hainesville. On the morning of the third, the column reached and occupied Martinsburg without any resistance, and the Troop went into camp in a bare field on the edge of the town. On the 4th of July, the non-commissioned staff was re-organized as follows: ist Sergt. Fairm.'^n Rogers, ist Corp. M. Edward Rogers, 2nd " William D. Smith, 2nd " Charles F. Lennig, 3d " Robert Morris, Jr., 3d " Robert E. Randall, 4th " Samuel J. Randall, Q. M., 4th " Edwin A. Lewis. The day was marked by the prescribed noon salute and the Troop participated in the dress parade of the cavalry ordered by Colonel Thomas. 63 On the sixth the Troop was sent out, as part of an escort accompanying Lieutenant Babcock of the regular army, on an armed reconnoissance along the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. On the ninth, at "retreat," William P. Brinton, a Union resident of Harper's Ferry and a brother of a member of the Troop, was elected and attached to the company by order of the Major-General commanding. Up to this time want of transportation and a desire to keep Johnston at Winchester, had induced General Patterson to remain quietly at Martinsburg, but on the morning of the fifteenth, the line of march was taken up for Bunker Hill, a few miles south of Martinsburg, •and as the Troop was in the rear guard of a long wagon train, the march was slow and tedious. On the road the company stopped to water at a house belonging to one of its old members, Francis Peters. The ne.xt day was passed at Bunker Hill, four troopers being sent out on picket duty with some of the regulars. On the seventeenth, the column moved to Charlestown, the Troop being attached to Colonel Stone's column which formed the advance, having the head of the column with the I yth Pennsylvania Regiment. At Middleway or Smithfield, line of battle was formed in consequence of rumors of an approaching enemy. The Troop was divided into two detachments, one being sent to either end of the line. The rumor proving false, the army again formed column in the road and advanced slowly towards Charlestown, the Troop in small bodies being employed in examina- tions of the by-roads. Early in the afternoon Charlestown was entered, the Troop having the head of the main column, and Company A, Second Cavalry, Captain Arnold, entering by a parallel road. A beautiful camp in an apple orchard belonging to the house of a Colonel Ransom of the Confederate service, was occupied by the cavalry. On the eighteenth, private Osgood Welsh, a new member, joined the command. General Johnston who was still at Winchester, having received information of the attack upon General Beauregard by the Union army near Manasses Junction on the eighteenth, immediately decided to go to his relief, and instructing Colonel Stuart to make such use of his cavalry as would delay the in- formation of his movement reaching the Union army as long as possible, he left Winchester with the rest of his force at noon on that day. Colonel Stuart did his work so well that the movement was not discovered until the twentieth, and on the twenty-first the whole of Patterson's column moved to Harper's Ferry. The Troop went into camp on the hill between Furnace Ridge and the town, in a rather uncomfortable place, destitute of water. From this time until its discharge the Troop was regularly employed on picket duty, a detail being made up every day of from four to six men from each company, commanded in turn by a non-commissioned officer from each com- pany, so that the turn of a non-commissioned officer of the Troop came every fourth day. The tour of duty lasted twenty-four hours. 64 On the 2ist of July, the battle of Bull Run was fought, and on the twenty-third, the regiment received orders to pack preparatory to moving to Washington ; the order was however countermanded, and the Troop was sent about sunset to Key's Ferry on the Shenendoah to relieve Captain Arnold's company. Sergeant Morris was sent across the river with a small detachment, and about half-past 2 o'clock in the morning of the following day, Colonel Ward of the 1 2th New York Regiment, came down with four hundred infantry and orders for the Troop to join him in the attempted capture of a company of cavalry which was said to be encamped about five miles across the river. The expedition in the cool grey morning was a very agreeable one, but was unsuccessful, as the foe had departed. The Key's Ferry camp was beautifully situated, and a superb bath under the foaming shute of the old mill, was one of those comparatively trivial incidents of camp life which makes a strong impression upon those who sometimes recall the features of the campaign. The Troop was relieved the same afternoon and returned to Harper's Ferry, leaving Sergeant Morris and twenty men who came in during the night. The next day. Corporal Lennig and five men with some of the regulars, were sent to Hagerstown as an escort to General Patterson on his way home. General Banks having ar- rived to relieve him. On the twenty-sixth, a detail of sixteen men, with an equal number from each of the regular companies, was sent out on a scout under Lieutenants Anderson and Burbank ; and Sergeant Morris and five men were sent to Key's Ferry on the following day. On the twenty-eighth, the regiment crossed the Potomac by the ford at the Arsenal, and went into camp on the Maryland side of the river at Sandy Hook, or Pleasant Valley, on a wooded hill side. Corporal Lennig and seven men were left at Harper's Ferry with Colonel Gordon for picket duty, and returned to camp on the 2nd of August, after a tour of dis- agreeable and dangerous service. On the same day. Corporal Lewis and seven men were sent to Antietam Ford, and on the next day, Sergeant Morris with seventeen men and an equal number from each regular company, went under Lieutenant Sweet to Antietam. In addition to this extra service, the usual pickets were kept up on the south side of the river, being sent out at 4 o'clock every afternoon, and not getting back to camp until nine or ten the next night, after being relieved. Crossing the deep and rough ford at the Arsenal after dark, was a particularly uncomfortable business, as it was a made road or cause- way under water, and with comparatively deep water on both sides of it, so that a restive or startled horse sometimes slipped off the edge and gave his rider an unexpected bath. This constant picket duty, which was in the hands of the non-commissioned officers, had a great deal to do with the proficiency which they exhibited in kindred duty on a larger scale, when so many of them were called later in the war, to posts of difficulty and danger. As the time of the three months men had nearly expired and the new three years 65 regiments began to arrive, re-organization was the order of the day, and the time was passed quietly in camp until the loth and i ith of August, which days were occupied in packing and in turning over government property. On the morning of the twelfth, the Troop was formed at 8 o'clock, and marched at half- past eight, the Fifth Cavalry being drawn up, dismounted, to say good-bye.' Colonel Geary with his regiment escorted the Company as fvr as the town of Sandy Hook, and took leave of it in a complimentary speech, while the rain poured down in a way which might have been rather depressing to men not homeward bound. It soon cleared up, however, and a very agreeable march was made to Hagerstown, which place was reached about 6 o'clock ; the horses were billeted at the different stables and the men indulged in the unwonted luxury of beds at the hotel. On the thirteenth, the command took the cars, and after a long rainy day, arrived about dusk at Hestonville near West Philadelphia, where the night was spent. The next morning, August 14th, every one was stirring at an early hour, and at half-past eight the line of march was taken up for the city. A short halt was made near the west end of the Market Street bridge, and then the Troop escorted by those members who had been unable to leave home, commanded by Surgeon Paul B. Goddard, crossed the bridge at 10 o'clock. At the east end of the bridge the escort was formed, and the column, under the command of Colonel Francis E. Patterson, took up its line of march down Twenty-Second Street in the following order: The Washington Cavalry of Holmesburg, Pennsylvania Cornet Band. First Regiment Artillery (17th of the line) Colonel Patterson. Beck's Philadelphia Band. Independent Rangers, Captain William McMuIlen. First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry. Cavalcade of Citizens. Birgfeld's Band. First Regiment Home Guards, Lieutenant-Colonel J. Ross Snowden. The route was down Twenty-second to Spruce, down Spruce to Twelfth, up Twelfth to Locust, up Locust to Thirteenth, passing General Patterson's house. The General was on his door-step and was cheered by all the troops. The escort was dismissed in Broad Street and the Troop, after marching through some of the principal streets, halted in front of General Patterson'^ house and was there addressed by him. The Company then marched to the ground on Locust Street and was there dismissed. , In the re-organi«tion of the mounted troops of the Regular Army, August 3d, .861, the Second Cavalry;became the Fifth Cavalry. 66 On the seventeenth, a street parade was made, and at the conclusion of it the Troop was mustered out of the service of the United States at i o'clock by Colonel Ruff. Thus ended a campaign which reflected honor upon the Company, and was full of pleasant memo- ries for those who took part in it. As a school for cavalry officers it was invaluable, and the members of the Troop were eagerly sought by those colonels of cavalry regiments who were at that time forming their three years commands. The printed roll shows that thirty- seven Troopers of the eighty-six returned to the service, and their previous instruction in their duties made them valuable officers, while not a few of them attained distinction in their military career. The Sixth Pennsylvania drew largely from the c anks of the Company, and two of the officers of the Troop returned immediately to the field in command of cavalry regiments. The duties performed by the non-commissioned officers and privates during the three months service were arduous, when the previous habits of the men are considered, and they were performed willingly and good humoredly. Carrying water up muddy hills in iron buckets which, having been used for cooking, were black and greasy on the outside, digging trenches for camp ofifal, currying muddy horses after a long march, at first did not come easily to those who had not been accustomed to it, but good spirits and pluck made such things readily bearable, and it was a point of honor to do all the duties of a soldier. The rigid discipline of a camp is rather hard upon a man who has always been free to go as he pleases, and the discipline in the Troop camp was always as strict as in that of the regulars. With gentlemen it was only necessary to notice quietly any little infraction of duty, and no punishments were ever inflicted. Many humorous incidents hardly worthy of even a passing notice in print, constantly re- call themselves to those who took part in the campaign, when a few old comrades get together and talk over the events of 1861. The pleasantest possible relations existed between the members of the Troop and the officers of the Fifth Cavalry, which in many cases ripened into closer friendship when they served together in other capacities later in the war. The following is the list of the men who served in this campaign : Thomas C. James, Captain, Robert E. Randall, 3d Corporal, R. Butler Price, ist Lieutenant,' Edwin A. Lewis, 4th " William Camac, 2nd " William R. Angier, Private, Fairman Rogers, ist Sergeant, Henry Ashhurst, " William D. Smith, 2nd " Samuel Bell, Jr. , " Robert Morris, Jr., 3d " Robert W. Bickley, " Samuel J. Randall, 4th " William Blanchard, " M. Edward Rogers, ist Corporal, John Borthwick, " Charles F. Lennig, 2nd " Joseph P. Brinton, " I Lieutenant Price, during tlie entire campaign was detached from the Troop and served on the staff ©f General Patterson. 67 William P. Brinton,' Private, John A. Brown, Jr., " T. Morgan Budd, " Joseph R. Burke, " William H. Butler, " Charles E. Cadwalader, " Emlen N. Carpenter, " John H. Caswell, " George Cochran, ■ " Augustus M. Conover, " Edward S. Cooper, " Wm. Stevenson Davis, " Richard G. Devereux, " Rudolph Ellis, " George G. Evans, " Horace Y. Evans, " John B. Fassitt, " Nalbro' Frazier, Jr., " George Gilpin, " Harvey B. Goddard, " Robert E. Gray, Jr., " John W. Grigg, " James H. Harper, " J. Henry Haseltine, " N. Parker Haven, " Alexander Hemsley, " Alfred Horner, Jr., " William H. Howell, " Samuel F. Jacobs, " R. Patterson K.'Vne, " Charles S. Kevser, " Hartman Kuhn, " J. Hamilton Kuhn, " Charles L. Leiper, •' Edward Loweer, Jr., Private, Lewis McMakin, " Wm. Harvey Merritt, " Gabriel Middleton, " Horace P. Mitchell, " Joseph R. Paxton, " Andrew J. Pemberton, '' Clifford Pemberton, " William H. Potter, " Edwin L. Reakirt, " James D. Relf, Jr., " Charles E. Richards, " Daniel H. Riddle, " David C. F. Rivinus, " Franklin S. Seitzinger, " Albert V. Sloan, " Benjamin P. Sloan, " Cooper Smith, " E. Whitehead Smith, " Stephen E. Smith, " Charles F. Taggart, " Edwin L. Tevis, " John Thompson, " Henry Tucker, " Osgood Welsh, ^ " James West, Jr., " Francis D. Wetherill, " Edward W. White, " G. Irvine Whitehead, ' ' Charles M. Willing, " Robert P. Wilson, " Joseph P. Wood, " William W. Wood, " William W. AVurts, " Eighty-six (86 j members and George Dunn and Joseph Nosher, Trumpeters ; Frank D. Wood, Farrier and John Agen, Recruit. r Priv.lte W. P. Brinlon served from July 9th. 2 Private Welsh served from July 191)1. 68 While in camp at Sandy Hook, a few days before the return of the Company, private Willing became very ill and was sent home to receive better attention than it was possible for him to have in the field. Unfortunately his disease, typhus fever, had taken too strong a hold upon him, and on the 5th of September he died much regretted by his companions in arms. He was buried by the Troop on the following Saturday. Immediately after the return of the Company, many of its active members became inter- ested in the preparations for raising regiments for the three years service. Colonel R. But- ler Price, First Lieutenant of the Troop, was raising the Second Pennsylvania Cavalry and several Troopers joined him, and the Sixth Pennsylvania Cavalry (Lancers) then being formed, was partly officered from the ranks of the Troop. On the 17th of November, the regular anniversary dinner took place at the Conti- nental Hotel and was largely attended, many of the members being on the eve of de- parture with the new regiments. There were many distinguished guests present, civil and military, among them General Patterson, who in an interesting speech explained his move- ments in the valley of the Shenandoah, and gave his reasons for the operations of the cam- paign. In the early part of May, 1862, General Jackson, taking advantage of the separation of General McDowell's Corps from the forces operating in the immediate vicinity of Washing- ton, moved rapidly with about fifteen thousand men, up the Shenandoah valley, and defeated in detail, the separated Union forces in that portion of Virginia, finally driving the corps under General Banks, to the northern shore of the Potomac. This bold movement produced the greatest consternation at the National Capitol, and grave apprehension was felt for the safety of that city. In this emergency the President called upon the Governor of Pennsylvania to furnish troops for special service, and in pursuance thereto. Governor Curtin on the 25th of May, ordered Major-General Patterson "to muster the military force under your (his) command, to protect the Capitol of the Country." On the following morning. Cornet Randall, — Captain James and Lieutenants Price and Rogers being in active service in the field — despatched a note to the General commanding the Division, tendering the services of the Troop. His prompt action was unanimously en- dorsed by the Company at a meeting held the same evening. Early the succeeding day, Cornet Randall in obe'dience to orders, reported by letter to the commanding General, "thirty men ready for active and immediate service under the recent requisition of the President of the United States and the Governor of Pennsylvania." In the same communication he informed General Patterson that the " number reported for duty embrace nearly every member now in the city. The larger portion of the command being absent as officers in the several armies of the Union." 69 The Confederate army having accomplished the objects of its advance, fell back upon Richmond as rapidly as it had moved up the valley, and its retirement rendering unnecessary the employmentof the State forces, the services of the Troop were respectfully declined, with the thanks of the Major-General commanding. The subsequent disastrous campaign of the Peninsula, culminating in the defeat and retreat of the Union army under General Pope to the lines of Washington, aroused the energies of the whole North in a manly effort to drive back the victorious foe. The Gov- ernor of the Commonwealth issued his proclamation calling upon the military organizations in the State to put themselves in a condition of thorough efficiency, and also recommending that citizens prepare for probable future services. The Troop held itself in constant readiness to obey any order given it for active service. The members met daily for consultation and drill, with a desire to aid in carrying out the suggestions contained in the proclamation of the Governor, as to a general preparation on the part of military organizations and private citizens for probable future military duty. The commanding officer of the Troop was requested to tender to the Mayor of the City the services of the commissioned and non-commissioned officers of the Company, and the use of its armory for the purpose of instructing those who should desire to become familiar with military movements and the use of arms. A courteous reply was received from Mayor Henry, and the proposition was submitted to the committee of defence, which had previously been formed. The attempt to carry out this project was not a success, as it was found impossible to have the proper control of men unless they were regularly enlisted. Between the 4th and 7th of September the whole Confederate army, after defeating General Pope, crossed the Potomac and encamped in the neighborhood of Frederick, Mary- land. The emergency was pressing, the danger great, and the call for men imperative. The Troop, weakened by the absence of three of its commissioned officers, as well as the greater portion of its members, who were serving in the field, concluded that it could render the most efficient service by raising a regiment of cavalry, and officering it from the men of the Command who were anxious to give the benefit of their drill and experience to the cause of their imperilled country. At a meeting held on the eighth, it was resolved, in furtherance of this project to recruit a regiment of cavalry for immediate service. A large store-room was rented on the south side of Chestnut Street, west of Seventh, which was opened as a recruiting station, and over five hundred men were promptly enlisted under the popular impulse given by the Company. At this stage a requisition was made upon the State authorities for horses and equipments, which was refused. As the State would, or could do nothing toward equipping the regiment, and as it was impossible for the Troop to furnish the amount of money re- quired for that purpose, the men were reluctantly discharged and the project abandoned. The Troop was thus prevented from sharing in the campaign which terminated in the battle at Antietam, and the expulsion of the enemy from the State of Maryland. 70 On the 26th of November, the Troop acted as a special guard of honor over the remains of Brigadier-General Francis E. Patterson, U. S. A., son of Major-General Patterson, long in command of the ist Division Pennsylvania Militia. On the 13th of January, 1863, the Command was called upon to mourn the loss of Captain Thomas C. James, who died from disease contracted in the trying and severe service in which the regiment he commanded (the Ninth Pennsylvania Cavalry), was employed. The disastrous repulse of the Union army at Fredericksburg, Virginia, in the early part of this year, followed by the almost equally unfortunate battle at Chancellorsville, produced their logical results upon the two great opposing armies. The Army of the Potomac, although undismayed, felt the demoralizing effect of these reverses, and the frequent changes of its com- manders ; while the Army of Northern Virginia on the other hand, inspired by recent suc- cesses and with an unbounded confidence in the military chieftain who had so often led it to battle, opened the summer campaign by the policy which had long engaged the attention and commanded the support of the Richmond government, that of transferring the seat of war north of the Potomac. The misfortune attending its execution in the brief campaign in Maryland, the preced- ing year, which terminated in the Battle of Antietam, was forgotten in the successes recently achieved over the armies of the Union. It is believed that the determination to invade the loyal States was more the immediate result of an excited and over confident feeling that per- vaded the army and the southern people generally, than the wise and calm judgment of the soldier who commanded its armies in Virginia. Whether the campaign, go full of hazard in its conception and so disastrous in its results, was forced upon General Lee or not, is a matter of but little consequence at present. Suffice it to know that the 3d day of June found the army under his command moving stealthily but rapidly in a northern direction. General Hooker then in command of the Army of the Potomac, apparently was not aware of the enemy's designs until the end of the following week, and Lee's advance had reached Winchester in three days march from Culpepper, a distance of seventy miles, while the Union army still lay on the Rappahanock as late as the thirteenth. On that day the army moved in the direction of Washington, and continued to feel its way, until under its new commander, Major-General George Gordon Meade, it struck the enemy at Gettysburg. This advance of the Confederate army north of the Potomac, into one of the richest valleys of Pennsylvania, filled the country with alarm, and in this grave emergency the Governor issued a proclamation making a further call on the people of the Common- wealth to defend the border, and to aid the nation in the great peril by which it was threatened. On the first intimation of the invasion, Cornet Randall proceeded to Harris- burg to make arrangements by which the Troop could go into service if it was found necessary. A special meeting of the Company was called on the i6th of June, and it was unanimously resolved to proceed at once to Harrisburg. 71 A telegram was dispatched to Cornet Randall notif\-ing him of the action of the Troop, and requesting him to notify the Command whether or not the State would furnish horses ; an adjournment vfas had for an hour, when on re-assembling the following telegraphic dispatch, was received : "State unable at present to furnish horses — Troop should hold itself in readiness for service. ' ' At this stage of the proceedings, Mr. O. W. Davis, a member, arose and offered to advance the necessary funds for the purchase of horses. This generous offer was received and accepted with cheers, and the men were ordered to report next morning at 9 o'clock to select horses for service. The next day at the hour named, the street in front of the armory, (Twelfth Street below Chestnut), presented an animated, exciting and interesting scene. Here was assembled a score or more of jockeys and horse dealers with their animals, many utterly unfit for service, which they hoped to sell in the hurry of the emergency. Kicking horses endangered the limbs of all near them, while balky ones obstructed the street and prevented the exercise of others which were under examination. By 12 o'clock, however, the number required was purchased and sent to the Troopers' stables. The Company well equipped in every respect and provided with commissary supplies for two weeks, assembled the same afternoon on the ground back of the Academy of Music at 5 o'clock, ready to start for Harrisburg. It was then ascertained that the promised transporta- tion could not be had until the next day. The Command was therefore dismissed with orders to report for duty the following morning at 11 o'clock. On the eighteenth, at this hour, the Company assembled and proceeded at once to Mantua, West Philadelphia, where a special train was in waiting to transport men and horses to Harrisburg, where it arrived the next morning at i o'clock, and was joined by Cornet S. J. Randall and Sergeant R. E. Randall. Governor Curtin on the recommendation of General Couch, accepted the Troop with- out swearing its members into the service, as was required of the other companies offering themselves. General Couch in announcing this fact to the Cornet Commanding said : "I know we can trust to the honor of this Corps without an oath." The Troop through the commanding officer: " thanked the General Commanding, and pledged its members to go wheresoever ordered, in or out of the State." On the evening of the nineteentli, Jessup, Newhall, Thompson and Wistar joined the Company as recruits, making a total of forty men. On the morning of the twentieth, requisition for ammunition, tents, &c. , was made upon the State Government, and promptly complied with, and orders were received to proceed by rail to Gettysburg. After a delay of four hours, transportation was furnished, and in half an hour afterwards the horses, wagons, equipments and men were in the cars. Much to the regret of the Company, Sergeant Maher was compelled by sickness to return to Philadelphia. 72 The Troop reached Gettysburg at 4 o'clock the next morning, and immediately dis- embarked, in the midst of a violent rain storm, and after coffee had been prepared and enjoyed by the men, the Command was mounted and marched into the town, when without much ceremony it quartered itself at the McClellan House; the horses in the stables and the men in the hay loft over them. The Company reported to Major Granville O. Haller, of the Seventh United States Infantry, who was in command of this post at the time. He at once ordered a detail of ten men to reconnoitre in the direction of Chambersburg. This party, under command of Cornet Randall, fell in with some of the enemy and captured three of their number. In the chase preceding the capture, private White's horse becoming unruly dashed him against a tree and broke his leg. This reconnoissance established the presence of a large body of the enemy between Williamsport and Chambersburg, and was therefore most valuable in its results. In the after- noon of the same day a rumor reached Gettysburg that a large body of the enemy were ad- vancing from the direction of Fairfield, which lies a few miles south-west of Gettysburg. The remainder of the Troop, under First Sergeant Rogers, was ordered out to reconnoitre. The detachment was accompanied by Captain Robert Bell and a squad of local cavalry from the Company under his command, as well as by Major Haller. About one mile east of Fairfield the party came up to a body of about one hundred and sixty of the enemy's mounted infantry, who were scouring the country for forage and plunder of every kind, particularly for horses, of which they were much in need. The main body of the enemy was stationed at a barn in the outskirts of the town, while detachments were out in various directions. Major Haller being satisfied with what he saw, returned in haste to Gettysburg, leaving the command with Captain Bell, who proved himself a brave, intelligent and conscientious soldier. Captain Bell, after taking necessary precautions to avoid surprise from the rear, advanced with care until within a half mile of the town, the command was then ordered to charge, which it did through the town and for more than a mile beyond, driving the enemy rapidly towards the mountain pass. Night coming on the Column was halted, and after a short stop in Fair- field, where it received many marks of kindness an'd loyal support, it returned to quarters. Gettysburg at this period was so much exposed that the Troop wagons were sent to Oxford, in the direction of York, so as to avoid their capture in case of a sudden advance of the enemy. At this time privates Conover and Welsh were detailed as orderlies to Major Haller. On the afternoon of the twenty-second, adetachment was sent out scouting in the direction of Cashtown, which returned at midnight. During the afternoon of the twenty-third, the Troop accompanied by Major Charles McLean Knox of the 9th New York Cavalry, operating with the army of the Potomac, was ordered to move rapidly toward Cashtown on the Chambers- burg Turnpike, in order to intercept a body of the enemy which had been seen moving across that road an hour or two before. The Troop reached Cashtown, a distance of eight miles. 73 after a sharp gallop, and it there ascertained that the enemy was some distance above that point near a tavern called Moonshours, in Newman's Gap of the South Mountain. Dark- ness coming on, a picket guard of ten men under Sergeant Brown was stationed at Cashtown while the rest of the Command returned to Gettysburg where it arrived after 9 o'clock. The order to unsaddle had hardly been obeyed when ' ' boots and saddles ' ' was again sounded, and the men remained up all night, momentarily expecting to see their pickets driven in. Detachments of the Troop patroled all the roads leading in the direction of the enemy, and those remaining at quarters kept their horses saddled day and night. The wagons having been sent to the rear as before stated, the men were largely depen- dent upon the patriotic kindness of the citizens of Gettysburg, who were unremitting in their generous attention, and it was never too late or early for them to have ready a meal for the Troopers on their return from scout or picket duty. Their sympathy and kind offices will ever be gratefully remembered. The Troop was kept on continuous duty, no member obtaining more than four or five hours sleep in the twenty-four, and this rest frequently broken by orders to "saddle up." For several nights the only rest obtained by the men was that got while lying in front of their horses, bridle in hand, ready to mount at a moments warning. The pickets at Cashtown had had frequent visits from the enemy, and the morn- ing of the twenty-fourth found the town and surrounding country alarmed and excited to the highest pitch, by the wild rumors which seemed to fill the air. The day was spent in scouting and relieving distant pickets. The next morning the men were ordered to horse at 6 o'clock, under instructions to pro- ceed on the Chambersburg turnpike beyond Cashtown, and if possible ascertain whether the movement of the enemy was only the audacity of his cavalry and mounted infantry, or whether it was an advance in that direction by General Lee's main army. Proceeding as rapidly as possible to Cashtown, a portion of the Troop was halted there, while the remainder in two detachments moved up the mountain road by Newman's Gap. The first of these discovered some of the enemy's pickets about two miles beyond the toll gate, and charged upon them, driving them into the main body, which filed across the road and delivered a volley, but fortunately without injury to any one. The object of the reconnoissance having been obtained, the advance was ordered to fall back upon Cashtown, where the Troop was divided into three detachments. One remained at Cashtown under Sergeant Reakirt, as the advance picket guard in that direction ; another under Cornet Randall proceeded south to Fairfield, where it was ascertained from what was believed to be reliable authority, that General Lee's army had left Waynesborough and was moving in the direction of Carlisle. This detachment reached Gettysburg quite late at night, having been in the saddle over fourteen hours and having ridden nearly thirty miles. 74 The third detachment under direction of Captain Bell, proceeded northwest from Cash- town to Arendtsville, and having patroled the mountain road north of that village, which connects with the Chambersburg turnpike on. the southwest, and upon which the enemy had been a few hours before, the detail took a southwesterly direction and crossing the Chambersburg turnpike, also the Fairfield road, it struck the Emmetsburg road several miles south of Gettysburg. The detachment did not reach this road until near midnight, and much of the route was through a thickly wooded country, through which no one could have shewn the way who was less familiar with the neighborhood than Captain Bell. After reach- ing the Emmetsburg road, the men remained on guard all night, and at daybreak proceeded to Emmetsburg, encountering on the way several of Milroy's men who had been driven from Winchester by the advance of Lee's army under General Ewell. The detachment returned to Gettysburg a few hours later, having been more than twenty-seven hours on active duty, over twenty of which were passed in the saddle, and dur- ing the whole time no sleep was possible. Much valuable information was obtained, and although the men were thoroughly exhausted they were in good spirits over the results of the scout. The morning had opened with a cold northeast rain, and the impression seemed general that no military operations would be undertaken on that day. The picket which had been out all night upon the Fairfield road returned at about ii o'clock," having been relieved by Captain Bell's command, and reported all quiet in that direction, although they had ex- changed shots during the night with a small advance body of the enemy. The men unsaddled their horses and were about to partake of some dinner provided by the citizens, when orders were received to saddle at once and report immediately at Head- Quarters, as the enemy was advancing rapidly on the same road our picket had traversed a very short time before. When the Troop had reported, it was ascertained that Major Haller commanding, had thought it prudent to appropriate private Welsh's horse, and move rapidly in the direction of York. The roads leading through the^own were soon crowded with the fugitives fleeing before the enemy, and all kinds of vehicles were improvised. It was truly a distressing sight to see the inhabitants hastening in terror with their families, driving before them the little stock that had been left them, and with one accord rushing and crowding toward the road to the Susquehanna. The cry of terror on every tongue was, " they come, the rebel comes!" The main body of the Troop remained in the town while a reconnoitering party, under direction of Major Knox, moved out upon the road upon which the enemy was advancing. As the head of the enemy's column came into the west end of the town upon the same street upon which the Troop was stationed, Major Knox sent an order that the Troop should move as rapidly as possible in the direction of York. As the Command reversed front, the enemy, several hundred strong, dashed rapidly after 75 it, and followed for some distance. Under instructions, the Company took the road to York by way of Hanover, which was an error in every particular, as the road taken was the longest, and in very bad condition owing to recent rains, and it also exposed the Command to capture within the first few miles, as the enemy were moving at right angles upon roads that intersect the Hanover road at several points. At one of these intersecting roads the rear of the Troop had barely passed, when a strong body of the enemy dashed out in pursuit. Had the Com- mand been a few minutes later in reaching this point, it is more than probable that the greater portion would have been captured, as the enemy outnumbered it more than four to one. The rear guard of the Troop exchanged shots with the enemy at rather close quarters, and one of the enemy was seen to fall from his horse, who it was after\vards ascertained was mortally wounded. The Troop reached York about g o'clock in the evening, so covered with mud that no individual Trooper was recognizable. Private Welsh, whose horse had been taken by Major Haller, was captured near Gettysburg, and paroUed by the enemy. The morning of the twenty-seventh found the streets of York crowded with fugitives and excited citizens of the neighborhood, all in the highest state of alarm, and still pressing toward Columbia, so as to place the protecting waters of the Susquehanna between them and the dreaded foe. At i o'clock, definite information was received that the advance of the enemy on his northward march had reached Hanover that morning at ten o'clock, and it was therefore certain that he could not then be far from York. The Troop was joined by Captain Bell's command, and ordered to move to the front and meet the enemy. About five hundred infantry joined in the advance, but after march- ing to the west end of the town, and reconnoitering the enemy's advance, orders were received from Major Haller to retreat. The infantry were hurried into cars stationed near by, and pushed on towards Wrights- ville, while the cavalry were ordered to fall back to the same point by the main road. Ar- riving at that town, the Company was ordered over the river to Columbia, where the men made themselves generally comfortable for the night. Here the Troop was joined by six men ; Barton, a member, and Barclay, Harrison, Morris, Newhall and Shaw, recruits. At I o'clock on the next day, (twenty-eighth,) the Troop was ordered to re-cross the bridge and proceed to the front, for the purpose of observing the enemy who was advanc- ing in force under General Gordon. Skirmishing soon commenced and continued for an hour or more, until the artillery of the enemy got an enfilading fire on the rifle pits, which had been hastily constructed on that side of the river, and they had to be abandoned, and shortly afterwards the order was given to fall back toward the bridge. Many members of the Troop were detailed as orderlies, and in that capacity carried orders to the detachments lying north and south of the main road, and while withdrawing the pickets and skirmishers from the front were frequently under fire, and in no instance was there any hesitancy in the 76 performance of any duty assigned them. Many of the infantry were captured, and the services of the Troop was of essential value in preserving order among the remainder who was much demoralized, particularly as the last of them were approacliing the bridge. ' Under what is now believed to have been a mistaken policy, the military authorities determined to destroy this splendid bridge whicli, more than a mile long, spanned the Susque- hanna. Four Troopers under direction of Major Knox were detailed to perform the work, and the enemy was so near at hand that after exchanging shots with this detachment, he en- deavored to extinguish the fire, so little headway had it time to make, between the withdrawal of the last Trooper from the bridge and the arrival of the enemy at its western end. An effort was made to save the eastern end of the structure, but it was unsuccessful, as the flames advanced with great rapidity. The night was dark, and the sight presented by the confla- gration was one never to be forgotten by those who witnessed it. R. G. Devereux, member, and Geiger, Kempton and Passmore, recruits, joined the command that evening at Columbia, also Dr. Alfred Zantzinger who had volunteered to act as surgeon. On thcTOorning of the twenty-ninth, from some movements on the part of the enemy, it was thought an attempt would be made to cross the river at an old ford. To meet this supposed danger, earth works were ordered to be thrown up upon the left bank. Many of the citizens being unwilling to work upon these defences, the Troop was ordered to force them into the trenches. The rumor becoming prevalent that the government was about to impress men into the service for six months or more, many of the able bodied fled to the fields, and hid in barns, or wherever they thought they could obtain a hiding place. Man)' amusing scenes took place, and many hale, hearty men, who would now be ashamed to own it, pleaded with tears not to be taken from their dear homes and helpless families. About noon it became evident that the enemy were falling back rapidly from Wrights- ville in the direction of York. The members of the Troop little dreamed; as they watched tlie movements of the enemy, that on that day Lee had called upon all his lieutenants to concentrate near Gettysburg to participate in the terrible struggle which soon took place, and the result of which practically sealed the fate of the Confederacy. It was in obedience to this call that Gordon turned his back upon the Susquehanna and hastily retraced his steps. Cornet Randall was appointed Provost Marshall of Columbia, and under his orders strict military rule was established. The sale of intoxicating liquors was prohibited, and all citizens and soldiers were required to be in their quarters at eleven o'clock at night, the Troop performing patrol duty. On the evening of this day Sergeant Grigg joined the com- mand. On the second of July a detachment of twenty-one men under Sergeant Randall, was ordered to cross the river in flat-boats and proceed in the direction of York, where it was 77 reported that some of the enemy's stragglers were committing depredations upon the inhabi- tants. On the same day the following men arrived from Philadelphia : Johnson, a member, and Diehl, Frame, Hubbell, McMurtrie, Neff, Rhodes, Smith and Tevis, recruits. On the third, a detail of four men under Sergeant Brown was orc^ered to conduct to Fort Delaware a number of prisoners recently captured, and the next morning the Troop was ordered to proceed to Harrisburg. Independence day was celebrated by march- ing through a drenching rain to that city, which was reached about ten o'clock that night, when -the command was reported to General Couch. On the next day the Troop received the glorious news of the great victory at Gettys- burg, which not only filled all loyal hearts with joy, but established permanently the power of the Government over its foes. In the evening the following recruits arrived thoroughly equipped : Allen, Bishop, Brooke, Diehl, Driscol, Eastwick, Miller, Rockhill, Riley and Guist, Trumpeter. . On the morning of the sixth, the detachment of twenty-one men under Sergeant Randall, which had been sent in the direction of York, returned, having performed import- ant service. The order was given to go into camp next morning, which was accordingly done in a grove two or three miles south of Harrisburg, owned by Senator Cameron. Here the command was regularly and thoroughly drilled, with the most gratifying results, until the fifteenth, when orders were received to report to General Cadwalader in Philadelphia, in view of a threatened riot, resulting from opposition on the part of some disaffected per- sons to a draft then being made. Camp was broken early on the sixteenth, and the Troop started for Philadelphia by rail, where it arrived about 6 o'clock in the evening. Having reported to the General, squads were detailed by his direction to report to the different Provost Marshals, and the main body was quartered in the armory. The Troop remained on duty until after the draft, when it was discharged under the following order from General Cadwalader : Special Orders. \ July 31st, 1863. No. 33. j I. The services of the First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry being no longer required for the defence of the State, the Troop is hereby relieved from duty at this post. Maintaining its State organization, as it has done, since the independence of the nation was established, in the accomplishment of which it took an honorable and distinguished part, the promptness with which this Troop responded to the call of the State for its de- fence in the recent invasion of its soil, the soldierly conduct of its officers and members in the recent campaign, and also in the service of the United States at the commencement of the rebellion, as on all former occasions where their services have been required through so 78 long a period of years, merit the approbation of the country, and gives assured confidence in their patriotism for the future. By command of Major-General Cadwalader. Cyrus Haldeman, Ass't. Adj. -Gen. The following flattering letter was received from His Excellency, the Governor. Pennsylvania Executive Chamber, Harrisburg, July 30th, 1863. "Sir:— For the present emergency, the First City Troop of Philadelphia under your command is no longer required for service in the defence of the State. It was for that purpose you tendered your services and you are now relieved. I take this occasion to present to the officers and men of the Troop, the thanks of the State for the promptness with which they tendered their services, when we were invaded by a Rebel army, and for the cheerfulness and gallantry with which they performed all the duties assigned to them. Very Respectfully, Cornet S. J. Randall, Your Obt. Servt., Commanding First City Troop. A. G. Cuktin." The following members and recruits served in this campaign : Samuel J. Randall, Cornet, M. Edward Rogers, ist Sergt., Edwin L. Reakirt, 3d " Robert E. Randall, 4th " John A. Brown, Jr., 2nd Corp., James West, Jr., 3d " Alexander Hemsley, 4th " Henry Ashhurst, Private, Peter A. Browne, William H. Caney, '■ Andrew C. Cattell, " Augustus M. Conover, " Wm. Stevenson D.^ivis, " Robert E. Gray, Jr., Private, Harvey B. Goddard, " William H. Howell, " Richard S. Mason, " Wm. Hall Mercer, " Wm. Harvey Merritt, " A. Loudon Snowden, " James D. Wagner, " John Lowber Welsh, " Edward W. White, " Joseph R. Wilkins, Jr., " Joseph P. Wood, " William W. Wood, " William A. Borthwick,* Recruit, George H. Colket,* Persifer Frazer, Jr., R. SoMERS Hayes,* J. Morgan Jennison, Alfred D. Jessup, Jr.,* Gilbert A. Newhall,* T. Campbell Oakman,* W. George Oakman,* Theodore H. Reakirt, William E. Rogers,* L. A. Thompson, C. P. Williams, Jones Wister,* Recruit, 79 The following men joined the Command at Columbia and at Harrisburg between the 27th of June and the 5th of July: John W. Grigg, sth Sergt., Richard G. Devereux, Private, Francis Barton, Private, J. Lindley Johnson, Harvey W. Allen, Recruit, Andrew Miller, Recruit, A. Charles Barclay,* " George Morris,* " Clement B. Bishop,* " Neff, Charles W. Brooke,* " George H. Newhall, Henry C. Diehl, " George Y. Passmore, " Thomas J. Diehl, " Charles M. Rhoads,* " Dennis Driscoll, " James Riley, William Eastwick, " Joseph B. Rockhill, Nathan G. Frame, " Edward H. Shaw,* Geiger " Henry G. Smith, " Alfred C. Harrison,* " Archer Tevis, Johnson HuBBELL, " Alfred Zantzinger, Vol. Surgeon , James C. Kempton, " F- W. Guist, Trumpeter. Francis McMurtrie, " Thirty (30) members and forty-one (41) recruits.' On the 28th of July, several gentlemen in behalf of the citizens of Philadelphia tendered to the Troop a dinner, to be given upon the Company's discharge from service. This highly complimentary invitation was accepted, and the dinner was given at the Continental Hotel on the evening of the first of August, and was in every sense most gratifying and satis- factory. Many prominent gentlemen in military and civil life were present. On the i2th day of August, the corner-stone of the new Armory, (21st and Ash Streets,) was laid with appropriate ceremonies. On the 23d of December the Troop, at the request of the authorities, paraded with other military organizations, to receive the members of the 29th Regiment of Pennsylvania Volunteers, who were coming home on a furlough of thirty days, having re-enlisted for the war. This public reception was tendered them in view of their patriotic action. The new Armory was occupied by the Troop for the first time, January 17th, 1864, on the occasion of the funeral of its fellow member. Major Robert Morris, Jr. , who died in Libby Prison, Richmond, from wounds received in action. The following month, the Company united with the regular and other military organizations in the city, in celebrating with ap- propriate ceremony the birthday of Washington. The Troop was assigned as an escort to Major-General Hancock, U. S. A., during the inspection of the military, and it afterwards took the right of the line in the procession. 1 The recruits marked with an asterisk, were elected members after their return from this campaign. 8o In response to the proclamation issued by the Governor, requesting organizations to place themselves in readiness, for a call of the President for one-hundred-day men, the Troop met May 23d, and tendered its services. Colonel Russell, Adjutant-General of Pennsylvania, replied to this offer as follows: " That no call having as yet been made by the President of the United States for one- hundred-day troops, as was anticipated by the proclamation might be made, we have no authority to raise or accept any organization for that term of service." On the 1 6th of June the Troop escorted President Abraham Lincoln from the Conti- nental Hotel to the great Central Fair in Logan Square in aid of the Sanitary Commission ; having accompanied the President through the building, its members dined with him there, in company with many distinguished men from all parts of the country, Edward Everett of Massachussetts, presiding; and afterwards escorted the President to his hotel. Under a call for troops from the Governor to repel a raid of the enemy made into Mary- land, and wliich was threatening Washington, the Troop promptly volunteered its services on the 7th of July. On the next day the following telegram was received by Sergeant Rogers, who was temporarily in command of the Company. Hariusburg, July Sth, 1864. M. Edward Rogers, Commanding ist City Troop: Having no authority to accept your Troop as proposed, your telegram has been referred to Major-General Couch now here. Col. a. L. Russell, Adjt.-Gen. Endorsed, " Suppose could furnish rations and forage to independent scouts, whether in squads of two, three, or a company. D. N. Couch, Maj-Genl." On the following day, however, information was received by the commanding officer of the Company, that Secretary-of-War Stanton would not permit independent companies to be employed. The news from Baltimore and Washington becoming more alarming, the Troop again on the eleventh, resolved "to tender its services to the Government," and the next day Cornet Randall reported to the Company that "Mayor Henry and General Cad walader would accept the services of the Command if it would furnish its own horses and equipments." It was immediately resolved to tender the services of the Troop under the conditions named, and on the sixteenth the Troop was reported to Major-General Cadwalader thoroughly equipped and ready for duty. At this time the Sixth Corps was detached from the Army of the Potomac and transferred to the defences of Washington, and the enemy learning this, rapidly retreated through Maryland, and recrossed the Potomac. Under these circumstances the services of the Com- pany were not required. General Cadwalader therefore addressed to Cornet Randall the following letter: Head-Quarters, Philadelphia, July i6th, 1864. Cornet S. J. Randall, Commanding First Troop Philad'a City Cavalry: Knowing the sacrifices and inconvenience to the officers and members of the F. T. P. C. C. , which would result from the absence from their home at this time, I think it proper to say that the emergency under which they offered their services having apparently passed, it will not be necessary for me to avail myself of their offer at this time. I am duly sen- sible of the spirit and energy which this Corps has always shown in promptly coming forward when their services were needed by the country, and for their promptness on this occasion when so many of their number are absent in the field. I now through you render to them the thanks of the War Department. The property of the United States issued to you upon requisition approved by me can be turned into the proper officers. I am very respectfully your obedt. Serv., George Cadwalader, Major-General Commanding. On the 2 1 St of October the Troop attended, mounted order, the funeral of its late member, Major-General D. B. Birney. The remains were escorted with imposing military and civic display, to Woodland Cemetery, where they were deposited. On Saturday the 22nd of April, 1865, the Troop was called upon to perform the melan- choly duty of escorting the remains of the lamented Abraham Lincoln, late President of the United States, who fell by the cowardly hand of an assassin. The procession of military and civic associations was probably the largest that had ever moved in the city, and the Troop paraded, mounted order, forty-three members. Perhaps, during its whole history, the Company never participated in a more solemn or mournful pageant. The city was black with the emblems of mourning, and the streets were crowded with tearful women and sad-faced men ; all seemed to be overcome with grief and humiliation in contemplation of this appalling crime against society, by which the country lost a true patriot and illustrious citizen. The Troop acted as a guard of honor to the remains, which lay in state in Independence Hall, from Saturday evening to Monday morning. On Sunday the Hall was thrown open to such of the public as desired to take a last look at the body of the murdered President. Seeking to embrace this opportunity, the residents of the city and thousands coming by special trains from the surrounding country, gathered together that day around the old State House. From before dawn until after midnight all the streets leading to this point were crowded with dense masses of people, and the portion of the Troop which was stationed outside the building was frequently called upon by the police to assist them in holding back the throng which was endangering the lives of many and breaking up the double line passing 82 through the room where the opened coffin lay. Before ' o'clock on the following morning, the funeral procession had started to the Kensington Railroad Depot, the Troop riding in charge of the hearse, and at 4 o'clock the train bearing the honored remains left the city for New York, en route to their final resting place at Springfield, Illinois. On the loth of June the Troop was ordered out with the division to receive the veteran volunteers on their return to the city, and was detailed as an escort to Major-General Meade, who was in command. After the parade was over a collation was furnished tlie military at the Volunteer Refreshment Saloons, Front Street and Washington Avenue. At the conclusion of which the Troop escorted General Meade to his quarters at the Continental Hotel. At a meeting held October sth, a tassel from the Hessian flag captured by the Troop at Trenton, was returned to the Company by a descendant of an original member. On the 1st of November the Troop acted as a guard of honor to the remains of Colonel Ulric Dahlgren, who had been killed near Richmond, Virginia, and was this day interred at Laurel Hill Cemetery with military honors. Under the auspices of the " Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States," Washington's Birthday, in the year 1S66, was celebrated by appropriate ceremonies in the American Academy of Music, and the Troop, in full dress, participated by invitation. The occasion was marked by addresses from Bishop Simpson of the M. E. Church, and General Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain of Maine, and an original poem by Lieutenant-Colonel Charles Graham Halpine (Miles O'Reilly). After the ceremonies had been concluded, the Troop returned to the Armory, and dined together as is its custom on that day. General Chamberlain, Colonel Halpine and other gentlemen were present as guests on the occasion. On the 4th of July following, the Troop participated in the ceremonies attending the reception of the battle flags, which had been carried by the soldiers of Pennsylvania during the Rebellion. The presentation was made by Major-General George G. Meade, U. S. A., and the flags were received on the part of the State by Governor Andrew G. Curtin, at Independence Hall, in the presence of an immense concourse of citizens. All the available military force of the State was under arms, including representatives from all the veteran regiments. Major-General Winfield S. Hancock, U. S. A., was in command, and the Troop under Captain Fairman Rogers was detailed as his escort. The occasion was one of peculiar interest, and the day was one long to be remembered in the history of Philadelphia. In compliance with a request of Major-General Meade the Troop volunteered as an escort to Andrew Johnson, President of the United States, on the occasion of his visit to Philadelphia, on the twenty-eighth of August. The President was accompanied by Secretary of State Seward, General Grant, Admiral Farragut and other distinguished citizens, and on the following morning the Troop escorted him to Walnut Street Wharf, on his departure for New York, on his way to Chicago to lay the corner-stone of the Douglass monument. 83 On the twenty-fifth of September, 1867, by invitation of City Councils, the Troop participated in the reception of Major-General Sheridan, U. S. A., to whom the freedom of the city was granted. Upon this occasion the military were under command of Major- General Charles M. Prevost. In anticipation of an election riot, under orders from the General commanding, the Troop assembled at the Armory on the evening of October 13th, 186S, and marched, dismounted, to the Head-quarters of the First Infantry where the night was spent. On the thirteenth of April, 1S69, the Troop, for the first time in its history, gave a military ball, in the Foyer of the Academy of Music. This was attended by many persons 'of our own and neighboring cities, and distinguished military officers from different parts of the country were present. The funeral of Admiral Charles Stewart, "Old Ironsides," who died at his residence in Bordentown, New Jersey, aged ninty-one years, took place in Philadelphia on the tenth of November, 1869. The body lay in state in Independence Hall, and was buried with military honors at Ronaldson's Cemetery, Tenth and Bainbridge Streets. The Troop, of which the illustrious deceased became an honorary member in 1821, paraded with the escort to the remains in the funeral procession. During the next year, the command was called upon to mourn the loss of John W. Grigg, who had been an active and useful member for nine years. He had recently held the post of First Sergeant, but had to relinquish active duty on account of declining health. Sergeant Grigg's funeral took place on the twenty-seventh of August, and was attended by the Troop in full dress, dismounted. It should be mentioned that Sergeant Grigg, by his will, bequeathed ten thousand dollars to the Company for the purpose of assisting in the extention of the Armory. Under orders from Brigade Head-cjuarters the Armory of the Troop was guarded during the day and night of October 12th, serious apprehensions being entertained that the public peace would be disturbed, owing to the violence of the political feeling manifested in different sections of the city. Threats had been made that an armed mob would seize tlie armories and obtain possession of the arms therein. Happily these appre- hensions were groundless, and the day passed without serious disturbance of any kind. On the evening of the 4th of April, 1870, the Troop assembled at the Armory and, by special invitation, accompanied Major-General Prevost and Brigadier-General Bankson and their respective staffs to the Academy of Music, where appropriate memorial services were had in relation to the recent death of Major-General George H. Thomas, U. S. A., justly esteemed one of the most virtuous citizens and illustrious soldiers that the republic has pro- duced, and in whose regiment the Troop had served in the " Campaign of i86i." In the autumn of this year the Troop was again called upon to mourn for the death of a valued miember, Harrison T. De Silver, who had been on the active roll for ten years ; but a few months before his death he had accepted a position on the staff of Brigadier- General Baxter, commanding the 2d Brigade, and was elected an honorary member of the Troop. His attachment for the Company manifested itself at all times in most generous and liberal contributions ; he had subscribed ^2,500 to the bonds issued by the Troop, for the purpose of building the Armory erected in 1S63 ; he was afterwards the first to propose a surrender of the bonds, and was largely instrumental in having nearly all of them pre- sented as gifts and canceled ; and, by his will, he bequeathed ten thousand dollars to the Troop. This legacy, and the one of like amount received from Sergeant Grigg, were expended in the erection of an Armory, built in 1S74. Major De Silver's funeral took place on the thirteenth day of September; the Troop, in full dress, escorting his remains to Laurel Hill, where the interment took place. The granite monument erected over tlie remains of tlie late Captain Thomas C. James was formally dedicated on the seventh day of December of this year. The active, non- active and honorary members of the Troop assembled in the Armory, in citizens' dress, and proceeded in carriages to Laurel Hill Cemetery, accompanied by a large number of citizens, personal friends of the deceased. The ceremonies of unveiling and dedicating the monument were of a most interesting character. Mr. E. L. Reakirt, chairman of the committee, having charge of the work of erecting the monument, made the follow- ing remarks: " Captain Rogers and gentlemen of the Troop : We are once again assembled at Laurel Hill. How often in the last decade has it been our lot to bear hither to his last resting- place the remains of a beloved comrade who had fallen on the field of battle, or died from disease contracted, or of starvation and ill-treatment, in rebel prisons. If our successors shall, with a true soldierly instinct, have any envy that to us and our times fell the lot to add to our history by active service in the field, how little will they remember the bitter price we have paid for it. How little can they appreciate in a time of peace how sad it is to be called so often to lay in the dust and pay the last honors to a beloved and cherished comrade. " Of all these sad events, surely the saddest was when we followed the remains of our beloved commander to this, his last resting-place. We are carried back to the month of January, 1S63. You will recollect, comrades, how each day, as we met each other, the question trembled on our lips which we almost were afraid to ask, lest what we knew to be inevitable had already taken place, and that our beloved captain was no more. I will not ask, — for I know you all recollect our feelings when it came. It seems but yesterday that our great loss befell us. We brought him here. We buried him. We returned to our 85 homes, and we put on paper and in our archives the expressions of our grief and sorrow and profoundest sympathy with those whose ties of blood were severed ; and when, on the second of the next month, we held our usual meeting in the Armory, the movement was then inaugurated to erect a monument to our beloved friend and hero. It met a universal and spontaneous assent from all our hearts. We felt some little honor could still be done his memory, and we could transmit to those coming after us a lasting memorial of the love and honor we entertained for him. "To a committee of three was delegated this most honorable task; and, as chairman of that committee, -I am here to-day to ask you to witness the result of our labors, and to formally accept this monument as your tribute to the name and fame of Captain Thomas C. James. The simple, rugged granite, better than marble, typifies the endurance and stead- fastness of his' character ; and the military emblems, cast in imperishable bronze and modeled after the uniform he wore so many years, and after the arms he used so bravely and so well, will tell to future times that a soldier sleeps beneath. "I have a few further particulars to relate connected with the erection of this monument, which will be of interest to you. Your committee, \yhen it assumed its labors, knew, alas ! that hundreds of other loving hearts and hands had been busy in similar tasks,— in erecting memorials to their fallen dead. We thought we could readily select and combine from the labors of others a suitable structure, but we found that in almost every instance the military insignia had been cut out of marble, and the more elaborate the design and delicate the outlines the greater was the tendency to decay from the action of the elements. They learned that a military emblem had been lately cast in bronze (and the first one of a truly artistic character in this country) for the monument of a brave soldier. Major Newhall, and that the artist was still here. They had previously called to their assistance a gentleman well known in our city for his artistic taste and ability, who, from beginning to end, has taken such interest in our project that the committee cannot omit mentioning his name.- This gentleman, Mr. William Struthers, ordered the granite shaft. It was soon made, brought hither, and set in place. A portion of the accoutrements and the arms of the Troop were grouped, and one of Phila- delphia's best sculptors, Mr. J. A. Bailly, modeled them in plaster. But here came a stoppage. The artificer in bronze had left the country. After some delay the committee sent photographs of the models, with dimensions, &c., to one of the largest foundries in the country, but soon found it was incompetent for the undertaking. A long delay ensued, and more than once your committee met and entertained the idea of changing their cherished design ; but at length they were rewarded for their delay. The artist, Mr. Bureau, returned to this city, bringing with him a brother equally skillful. The model was placed in their hands and speedily finished. The letters for the inscription were soon cast and fastened to the pedestal, and the monument declared completed. 86 "It will be pleasant for you to hear that the committee have submitted their plans to the relatives of Captain James at the different stages of the work, and all that had been done has met with their entire approval. In conclusion, your committee has only to say it trusts, upon a closer inspection, you will find the monument worthy of the name and fame of him whose memory it is designed to perpetuate. ' ' Captain Rogers then, on behalf of the Troop, accepted the completed monument, and formally dedicated it to the memory of Captain James, with the hope it might ever stand a grateful acknowledgment of his generous, manly qualities, and gallant services as captain of the First Troop and as colonel of the Ninth Pennsylvania Cavalry ; he reviewed the record of Captain James' connection with the company, his successive service as private, corporal, sergeant, lieutenant, and captain, — from the time he became a member in 1838 until his death in 1863. In conclusion, Captain Fairman Rogers, who was Captain James' immediate successor, addressed those present saying: "Owing to the unavoidable absence of Mr. Thomas Smith, who for many years had been intimately associated with Captain James as an officer of the Company, he had been most unexpectedly asked to do what Mr. Smith could have done much better. "He felt he was only echoing the sentiments of all who, like himself, had served under Captain James, when he said that his unvarying kindness and gallant, soldierly qualities had endeared him to all. His name has been most closely connected with almost all the history of the Troop which is within the recollection of those who had assembled to dedicate this monument. We all love to remember him in the old, 'times of peace;' and still more dear is he to our memories in the latter days of his life, when, in the actual service of his country, he made manifest to all those noble traits of character we always knew he possessed. It was mainly owing to his energy and personal exertions that the Troop was accepted in the three months' service, as there was at first an indisposition at Washington to employ any cavalry except that of the regular army. Through his untiring exertions — aided by our old friend and fellow-member, General Patterson, whom I see present to-day — a special order was issued from the War Department, and the Troop was mustered into the service of the United States. Thus, mainly through his labors, the Troop has the honor of being the first cavalry company mustered into the service of the government during the Rebellion, and the only one during the three months' campaign. When Captain James entered the service of the United States for the second time he was of an age when most men prefer the comforts of home, and consider themselves entitled to them. He, however, with a noble and self-sacrificing spirit, prefered beyond comfort and ease to serve and suffer, and, as it proved, die in defense of the perpetuity and honor of his country." 87 The ceremonies ended with these remarks of Captain Fairman Rogers. On September 226., 1871, the Troop paraded with the Division to take part in the unveiling of the monument erected in Fairmount Park to the memory of Abraham Lincoln. On October 7th, 1872, the Troop authorized the appointment of a Centennial committee, "to advise and submit plans, collect funds, and in general terms, devise ways and means for the celebration of the Centennial Anniversary of the Company; and, in December, the following gentlemen were announced as composing the committee : — M. Edward Rogers, George Cadwalader, Thomas Smith, J Francis Maher, Robert E. Randall, A.. Loudon Snowden, John A. Brown, Jr , Joseph F. Tobias, William C. Baker, James J. Macdowell, John Hockley, Jr., Frederick W. Fotterall, Myer Asch, George Zinn and Rudolph Ellis. From this period until the Centennial celebration this committee was actively engaged, not only in the erecting of the Armory, but in all other arrangements connected with the important event. The work entrusted to the members composing the committee was admirably accomplished, and too much praise cannot be bestowed upon them for their unceasing and successful efforts. On November nth, 1872, the funeral of Major-General George Gordon Meade, U. S. A. — an honorary member of the Troop — took place in this city. His spotless personal character, genial and manly nature, but above all the inestimable services rendered by him to the Republic, had endeared him to the hearts of all who respect honor, cherish virtue, or love their country. On the occasion of his funeral, the President and his Cabinet, the Governors of States, and other distinguished soldiers and citizens, by their presence attested the loss the country had sustained in his death. The military display was one of the finest ever witnessed in the city. The remains were taken from the residence of the deceased to St. Mark's Church, Locust Street above Sixteenth, from thence to Fair- mount Park, where they were placed on a steam-boat and taken to Laurel-Hill Cemetery. On this occasion the Troop acted as the guard of honor from his residence, and accompanied the remains to the point of embarkation. In the Park the scene was solemn in the extreme. The Troop was drawn up in two lines, and between these lines the coffin was borne, accompanied by the mourners and the distinguished soldiers and citizens who accompanied the remains to the grave. On a rising piece of ground, thousands of people were assembled ; below them were long lines of soldiery. From the time the procession entered the Park until the remains were borne to the boat, minute-guns were fired ; and, as the boat left the wharf, three volleys were given by a firing party of United States soldiers. The Troop paraded, dismounted ; and, owing to the prevalence of a horse epi- demic of an alarming character, it is remarkable that the only horses in the military portion of the procession were those drawing the caisson on which the coffin was borne, the charger of the deceased, and one ridden by General Drum, U. S. A., who was in command. On January 20th, 1873, ^ detachment of the Troop, under Cornet Snowden, went to Harrisburg to participate in the ceremonies connected with the inauguration of Major- General John F. Hartranft as Governor of the State, and returned the evening of the next day. On the third of Marcli following, the Company, under command of Captain Rogers, with full ranks, went to Washington to attend the second inauguration of President Grant. This was the first occasion, as far as known, that the Troop had formed a part of the military display usual on such occasions. Many regiments and detached companies were present from distant States, as were also the Annapolis and West-Point Cadets. The Boston Lancers and the Troop were the only cavalry organizations present from a distance ; the Troop acting as a personal guard to the President. After participating in the cere- monies, the command, with some invited guests, dined at its quarters (Willard's Hotel), and late that evening started for Philadelphia. On the fourth of July of this year, the Troop, under orders from Division Head- quarters, participated in the ceremonies attending the formal transfer by the Park Com- missioners to the U. S. Centennial Commission of the ground set apart for the erection of the buildings, "in which is to be held an International Exhibition of Arts, Manufac- tures, and the products of the soil and niine." On this occasion, the President of the United States was represented by Hon. George M. Robeson, Secretary of the Navy, and General Belknap, Secretary of War, and there were present other gentlemen of the National and different State Governments, the Park and Centennial Commissions, and city governments. After the presentation of these gentlemen to the Mayor of the City at Independence Hall, and the delivery of an address of welcome, the Troop escorted them to Fairmount Park, where it joined the other military in the review which took place at the close of the ceremonies. As this may be considered, frorii all its surroundings, as the first formal and public act in connection with the Centennial Exhibition, in which all the nations of the earth will participate in celebrating a hundred years of republican govern- ment, it must always possess peculiar interest. On the first day of December following, the Centennial committee of the Troop submitted a report to the effect that after mature deliberation it had unanimously concluded that the extension of the present Armory to Twenty-first Street, and the erection of a building as near as possible after the plans already presented and adopted by the Company, was the most rational and proper mode of celebrating its approaching Centennial. The committee at some length discussed the importance of the contemplated improvement, and urged upon all the duty of united and harmonious action in prosecuting a work which, when completed, would be not only honorable to the present members, important and valuable to their successors, but eminently significant as a monument erected at the close of S9 an hundred years to commemorate the sacrifices and services rendered to the country, by the founders of tlie Troop, and those who followed after them. This report was unanimously adopted, and the committee instructed to proceed with the work. On January 26, 1874, the Troop, in compliance with an invitation, attended in uniform, and acted as floor-managers, at the Washington Assembly held at the Academy of Music, given under the auspices of the Women's Centennial Executive Committee of the United States Centennial Commission. Major-General Provost and staff, as well as representatives from several military organizations of this and other cities, were present, and the ball was a brilliant success. On July 4th, 1874, the Troop assembled at Tji o'clock, A. M., at the temporary Armory, and, under command of Lieutenant Maher, marched to Twenty-first Street, for the purpose of laying the corner-stone of the new Armory. Here the members were addressed by Cornet Snowden in the following appropriate remarks : "Gentlemen: — We have assembled on this the morning of an historic day, for the formal purpose of laying the corner-stone of. our new Armory, and of dedicating the building to its appropriate uses. "A hundred years, perhaps the most important in the history of the world, are em- braced within the life of the organization of which we have the honor of being members. Originally formed by patriotic men, for honorable and active service, it has perpetuated itself in usefulness, in honor, and in the good-will of all men until the present hour. Antedating the Declaration of Independence, it has participated in every great struggle through which the country has passed, and has also at all times cheerfully responded to the calls made upon it by the State or municipal authorities. Instituted in the most generous and patriotic spirit, it has unselfishly, at all times, maintained and conserved what was best and most honorable in the community and the country. For the first three or four years of its existence, with but brief periods of relaxation, its members were in the saddle, performing whatever duty was assigned them. Men of wealth, they left home and its com- forts, to endure the hard privations incident to the Revolutionary struggle. They crossed the Delaware with Washington; served through the campaigns of Trenton and Princeton, and were the last soldiers to leave the east bank of the Delaware river on the return of the army. They also participated in the battles of Brandywine and Germantown, and in nearly all the skirmishes that took place before and after the occupation of this city by the British. That they performed the service assigned to them intelligently and faithfully, we have the highest assurance, not only in the fact that they were given the extraordinary privilege by Washington of passing in and out the American lines without the countersign, an honor- able confidence bestowed upon no other body of men ; but also, in the words of this same illustrious commander, transmitted to Captain Morris, in the Letter of Discharge at Morris- town, January 23d, 1777. 90 "Those among us to-day, who have been connected with the Company for many years, must expect, in the course of events and of nature, to give way to the younger men who are pressing fast in our footsteps. Let us all strive, whether old or young in the Troop, to transmit to our successors the name and fame of this venerable organization in the same bright and untarnished condition in which it was received by us. "I cannot close these ceremonies without an appropriate allusion to the men who have done so much within a recent period to give a permanent and enduring home to the Troop. From its organization, until 1863, the Company occupied various quarters. As the population moved westward, it migrated with it. It was a wanderer, without any local habitation it could call its own. " In 1863, a period in the history of our country that will ever be remembered, as sym- bolical of patriotism and self-sacrifice, a few gentlemen impelled by admiration and love for an prganization that had done so much, and had contributed from its ranks so many gallant officers to the armies of the Republic, met together and resolved that a permanent Armory should be erected for its use and dedicated to its honor. The leading spirit in that move- ment, who contributed largely of his means then and subsequently, has been gathered to his fathers, leaving as a dying testimonial a legacy, the fruit of which we will reap in the present building. Another of the active spirits of that time who contributed generously towards the project has also passed away, leaving a large legacy for a like purpose. The third of that trio of generous and disinterested spirits still lives to aid us by his counsels and means, and when his time shall come, which we all hope will be in the long future, he will also leave a substantial legacy, as a proof that in death, as in life, he and his companions held in the highest esteem the honor and interests of this organization. We owe a debt of gratitude to Harrison T. De Silver, John W. Grigg and William C. Baker, which it will be difficult for us or our successors to liquidate. "There were other men whose generous contributions assisted in the erection of the first Armory. I cannot, however, give you all their names. Contributions to the present Armory have been made by many members at a sacrifice, but by all with the greatest cheer- fulness. On the 17th of November next we will celebrate in this new Armory of the Troop, the one-hundredth anniversary of its existence. We look forward to that occasion with the most earnest emotions and highest anticipations. From this great altitude of one hundred years, those who follow us will be able to carry on to the future, without fear of evil or accident, this institution, freighted with sacred memories and heroic achievements. When the Armory is completed and dedicated we will have done our part in erecting a memorial which will be as enduring as the granite upon which its foundation rests. But let us not forget, gentlemen, that the most indestructible element which has entered into and which can alone preserve this organization, has been the personal honor and characteristic devotion 91 to duty of the men who composed its membership. So long as this spirit continues so long will this organization exist. But if it should decay or pass away, then will the days of its life be numbered. The aliment and the element of its life for the past century has been the regard for personal honor among its members, devotion to duty, and reverence for the past history of the Company. It will die in a single day if these be withheld. I am glad that in my day this love for the past, this devotion to the present, and striving for the future, has been as marked as it ever could have been in the past. And I am more happy still to feel that, in the young hands and hearts that are about me to-day, the future of the Troop can be entrusted with perfect safety." When Cornet Snowden had concluded, Mr. William C. Baker, Treasurer of the Com- pany, deposited in a metallic box, coins, papers, muster-roll, by-laws, list of subscribers to Armory fund. Constitutions of the United States and of the State of Pennsylvania, and other appropriate articles. The box was then closed and sealed up, and deposited in the corner-stone ; a cap-stone was then placed thereon firmly cemented. When this had been done. Lieutenant Maher proposed the toast, "The corner-stone of the Armory; may it endure as long as the Republic," which was drunk, by all present, in champagne from a wassail-cup presented by Quarter-master Hockley. As the Centennial of the Company drew near evidences accumulated on every side of the interest taken in the event, not only by the members of the Troop, but by the public generally. Beside the very gratifying action of the military authorities, which will be noticed hereafter, the Councils of the City passed, unanimously, at their first meeting in November, the following preamble and resolutions : "IVIiereas, The seventeenth of the present month is the one hundredth anniversary of the First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry, the oldest military organization in the United States, having a continuous history, and — " Jl'licrcas, This Company has served the State and Nation with fidelity and devotion, having been during the Revolution attached to Washington as his body-guard ; crossing the Delaware with him on that memorable winter night ; and participating with the patriot army in the glorious battles of Trenton and Princeton ; receiving for their services the personal thanks of the Commander-in-Chief; and — " ll'Viereas, During all the subsequent history of the country, whenever it was threatened by foreign power or domestic foe, the Troop has always been loyal and true in defending its honor and integrity ; and — " Whereas, It is expected that, on the occasion of its Centennial, citizen soldiers from our own and neighboring States will visit the city to participate in the parade and festivities incident thereto; therefore — " Be if resolved, By the Select and Common Councils of the City of Philadelphia, that the hospitalities of the city be extended to the visiting troops, and that the flags on all the 92 City Buildings be displayed, and that the citizens be requested to do the same in honor of the interesting event." On the twelfth of the same month, the Mayor transmitted the following message to the Councils, with the accompanying letter from Major-General Prevost : "Mayor's Office, November 12, 1S74. " To the Select and Common Council of the City of Philadelphia, — "Gentlemen: — I transmit herewith an invitation from Major-General Prevost to your honorable bodies, to review the troops of the First Division National Guards of Pennsyl- vania and visiting organizations, on the occasion of the parade in honor of the Centennial Anniversary of the First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry, on Tuesday next. I have designated in front of the Mayor's office. Chestnut and Fifth Streets, as the place for the review. "I am, respectfully, " W. S. Stokley, Mayor." "Head-quarters First Division National Guard of Pennsylvania, November 4, 1874. " Hon. W. S. Stokley, Mayor of the City of Philadelphia. " Sir: — I have the honor to invite yourself and members of the Select and Common Council to review the troops of this division and visiting organizations, on the occasion of the parade in honor of the Centennial Anniversary of the First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry, on the 17th inst., at such a place on Chestnut Street, west of Fifth Street, as may be selected by yourself " I am, very respectfully, yours, etc., "Charles M. Prevost, Major-General." In pursuance to orders the Troop assembled at the new Armory on the morning of Sunday, November 15, 1S74, and, attended by a band, marched to St. Peter's Church through the following streets : — Twenty-First, Walnut, Eighteenth, Locust, Sixteenth, Spruce, Fifth, Pine and Third Streets. The officers occupied Washington's pew, and the rank and file filled the old square pews of the middle aisle. After the performance of the service appropriate to the day the Rector, the Rev. Thomas F. Davies, preached the following sermon : I Kings, chap, ii., vers, i and 2. 'Now the days of David drew nigh that he should die; and he charged Solomon, his son, saying : 'I go the way of all the earth ; be thou strong, therefore, and shew thyself a man.' " The charge which the grand old Warrior- King of Israel gave to his illustrious son received no little of its weight from his own strength and nobility of character. He asked his son to be no more than he has been himself, to be strong and to show himself a man. 93 "Despite his faults, which were many, and his sins, which were great — though dwelling in an obscure region and living in a rude age — David stands forth as one of the grand figures not only of his own era and country, but of all time and the whole world. And why? Because he possessed what the common judgment of mankind has recognized as the essential elements of greatness. He was great in intellect, in character, in achievement. He fulfills one's ideal of strength and manliness. He was as far removed as possible from all effeminacy and irresolution ; from all littleness and meanness. None was ever braver than he in confronting the foes of his country and his God ; none more heroic in endurance of privations and persecution and most cruel wrong ; and yet with this bravery and heroism there was a generosity of soul, a true manliness of character, which endear him to us as we read how he treated his implacable enemy who lay sleeping and powerless at his feet ; or of his lamentation, so thrilling with its pathetic beauty, over that enemy's death ; where all remembrance of wrong and enmity is blotted out, and where he thinks only of the 'mio-hty' that are 'fallen,' and of the beauty of Israel slain upon her high places. We need not be surprised at his power as a leader of men, if we recall his magnanimity, his regard for the rights and lives of others, as witnessed by that grand act of his when he poured out before the Lord the water of the well of Bethlehem, for which he had so sorely longed; exclaiming, as he did it: 'Be it far from me, OLord, that I should do this; is not this the blood of the men that went in jeopardy of their lives? therefore, he would not drink it.' But above all is he endeared to the Church of God throughout the world, by those Psalms which are the common heritage of Jew and Christian; which breathe an inspiration that has been felt in every age ; which lift the heart by their majestic strains of adoration to loftiest heights of worship and praise and devotion ; which tell of struggles and doubts and fears which have been repeated in the experience of every heart that has sought to rise to a higher and nobler life than that of earth ; which speak in voices of penitence and contrition that have found an echo in myriads of burdened souls; which are instinct on every page with patriotism and piety and reverence for God. " I know full well that there is another side to this picture. There is the record of temptation yielded to, of sin committed, of sacred rights invaded; but it only goes to show that, after all, he was a man like ourselves, where at best the gold of strength and manliness is mingled with the dross of weakness and earthly passions. But then there is also the record of hearty repentance ; of profound contrition ; of lowly confession ; and, at last, of God's most gracious pardon. "Said I not truly then that David's charge i;o his son gains no little of its weight from his own greatness of nature and character? I think there never has been a day when more than now the exhortation has been needed, 'Be thou strong and shew thyself a man.' "The fact, my brethren, cannot be denied that the effect of our modern civilization 94 is neither to nurture manliness nor strength. There are forces at work, with the increase of luxury and splendor of living and great accumulations of wealth, which, unless carefully watched and guarded against, will go far to sap the foundations both of national and indi- vidual strength. I have no sympathy with that unreal and hollow declamation which inveighs against wealth as mere dross, and the possession of it as a wrong against the rights of some one else. Few, I think, really, in their hearts, believe anything of the kind. Still we cannot shut our eyes to the fact that the strife for its possession often betrays a man into selfishness and forgetfulness of those high principles of honor and integrity which are the foundation of all true manliness : that nothing more belittles and dwarfs the soul than to glory in mere accuinulation : we may not forget that the truest dignity of man is not in display, nor luxurious ease, nor selfish gratification, nor sensual indulgence, — but is to be brave for the right ; firm to principle ; steadfast in truth ; pure in heart, — in a word, to ' fear God and keep His commandments.' A man like this is of some real use to the world. He will not have lived in vain. He will serve his generation while he lives, by giving help to those who need it ; by showing kindness, courtesy, and respect to all, — traits which in all ages constitute a part of the character of the true gentleman ; he will be held in honored and grateful remembrance when he dies. The corrective of the evil to which I have adverted will be found in remembering the Divine standard of judgment, which is, that a man is to be estimated by what he is, and not by what he may chance to have. "The charge of David to his son brings to our notice one of the laws of God's govern- ment of the world. 'I go the way of all the earth ; be thou therefore strong, and shew thyself a man.' "It is the law which governs the transmission of labour. The principle underlying that law is that there is a work for every man to do who is born into this world ; that he is to do it with his might, and when the time comes, is to hand it over to his successor. " There is something both of sadness and mystery in the fact which we so constantly witness, that, no sooner does a man gain the fullness of his powers — no sooner does he develop to the utmost his capacity for systematic thought or profitable execution — than presently his strength begins to droop, his vigor to wane, his day to be darkened by the evening shades, until at last it closes in that night wherein no man can work. It shows us that no one, however great his gifts or grand his achievements, is necessary to the world; or to the fulfillment of the purposes of Almighty God; but it also shows that when one rank falls, those which are behind must press forward to fill the vacant place, and bear their part in the conflict. The burden of duty, dropped by wearied hands, must be taken up by those that are younger and stronger, until the time comes for them in turn to be relieved. The agents change, but the work goes on forever. "But in this case before us is something far more than the ordinary transmissions of labor from one to another. It is a kingly father handing it over to a kingly son. The 95 I and the thou, therefore, are most emphatic. ' / go the way of all the earth ; be thoii therefore strong, and shew thyself a man." "It is no contravention of that which I have already laid down as the Divine rule of judgment, that a man is to be estimated by what he is and not what he has ; or, to extend it further, by what his father may chanced to have been before him, to say that the sons or the successors of those eminent in station, and distinguished by their deeds, have an especial burden of duty laid upon them. They are not only to maintain and keep unsullied their personal honour, but they are to bear up and to bear on without reproach the name and the dignity which they have inherited. "The inheritance of an illustrious name has sometimes proved a real misfortune. Let it come to one of moderate gifts and comparatively feeble powers, and it suggests an inevitable, even if an unspoken comparison, which disparages what otherwise might have commanded credit and high consideration. But no earthly spectacle is more grand ; nothing among transitory human distinctions is more to be coveted than ancestral dignity; nobly maintained and even enhanced by those of succeeding generations. Honor to those who have gone before,— reverence for the sleeping dead, filial piety,— unite in enforcing and emphasising the command, 'Be thou strong and shew thyself a man.' "The subject which I have presented to you this morning seems to me in harmonious keeping with an occasion which we must all regard as one of very unusual interest. It will be one hundred years ago on Tuesday next, that, in a dark and threatening time for the American Colonies, twenty-six gentlemen— foremost in position in this city— associated themselves as the First Troop of Philadelphia City Cavalry; and one of their first acts was to come to this Church, in which the Father of our Country was for a period an habitual worshipper, to ask the blessing of Almighty God. From that hour I believe no one will gainsay the truth of tho^e words which, at a later day, were penned by one of their Captains when reporting for duty:— 'With pleasure I tell you that, when the laws and government of this happy country require defence, the First Troop of Philadelphia Cavalry wants but one hour's notice to march.' They proceeded at once to the field, and were honored in being chosen to be the body-guard of Washington himself Thenceforth the history of this Troop becomes a part of the history of America, and presents a record of which every American may be justly proud. While the names of Trenton and Princeton are remem- bered, their services will never be forgotten, nor will a grateful country cease to bear in mind their valour and patriotism, as exhibited in the war of 1812, and in our late unhappy civil strife, whose memories of sorrow, mingled with glory, are still fresh in every heart. Upon their muster-roll, from the beginning until now, may be read the names of those who have given honour and dignity to this city of their residence. It is a grateful recollection that, in their history, charity has gone hand-in-hand with valor and self-sacrifice, for the entire 96 pay accruing to this Troop for services during the whole Revolutionary struggle became, by their gift, a part of the endowment of the Pennsyvania Hospital ; and that the im- mortal Washington bore witness to their services in such words as these : — ' I take this opportunity of returning my most sincere thanks to the captain and the gentlemen \vho compose the Troop, for the many essential services which they have rendered their country, and to me personally, during the course of this severe campaign. Though composed of gentlemen of fortune, they have shown a noble example of discipline and subordination, and, in several actions, have show a spirit of bravery which will ever do honor to them, and will ever be gratefully remembered by me.' " I am very glad, my brethren, to welcome you again to this old church, whither those who preceded you have been wont to come, before going forth into the field in defence of their country. Let me remind you, in the words of our great English poet, that — ' Peace hath her victories no less renown'd than war;' and of that saying of the wisest of mankind, in which he affirms that the greatest of victories is the conquest of one's self: — 'Better is he that ruleth his spirit than he that taketh a city.' I pray that you may heed that charge; which now, upon your Centennial Anniversary, seems to be repeated in most solemn and thrilling tones by all the gathered voices of those — your members — who have fought their fight and finished their course, 'My sons, be strong and shew yourselves to be men.' May you be strong for the right ; strong against temptation ; strong in your love of country, and in your reverence for God ; and may you all listen to that command which now comes to you from the great Captain of Salvation, through the least of His servants, bidding you fight manfully under His banner, and show yourselves His steadfast soldiers unto your lives' end." At the conclusion of the service the Company left the church and returned to the Armory by Third, Walnut and Twenty-First Streets. At the Armory a handsome lunch was served at two o'clock, and at three o'clock the Company marched to St. Clement's Church, at Twentieth and Cherry Streets, where a special military service was held in celebration of the Troop's Centennial. Passing up the centre aisle, in column of twos, the two lines faced inwards and came to a parade rest, remaining in that position during the whole of the service. The band took its place in the organ-loft, and, with the organ, performed the music of the service. The church was crowded with the friends of the Troop, and the whole scene was most impressive. The Rector, the Rev. Theodore M. Riley, addressing the Troop in a manner most appropriate to the occasion, said : "We pause for one moment, gentlemen, in the midst of these sacred ceremonies, in order that I may congratulate you upon the auspicious event which has brought you before the altar of God to-day. 97 "During the present week your honorable organization will have completed an existence of a hundred years, — full of usefulness and full of honor. Older than the Republic itself, you bore a conspicuous and courageous part in the perils and struggles of its birth. Called through succeeding years to surround the person of the Chief Magistrate at the solemn ceremonies of his inauguration, — offering yourselves to your country at all times of her danger, preserving among yourselves, in peace as in war, a high ideal of the fype of manhood and gentlemanhood which your country expects you to illustrate — you have acquired an enviable fame as a body of chivalrous soldiers and gentlemen, — Esio perpehia. " Had I time I should like to set before you the nobleness of military self-sacrifice — . one of the most sublime forms of moral heroism. I restrain myself, however, and shall only say that, with the tradition and history of your illustrous body, you must more than ever have at heart its glories, its honor, and its highest dignity. 'Noblesse oblige'' is as true in republican America as in the old days of the knights and soldiers of kingly France, who stood by your side a century ago. You must still aim to illustrate that beautiful maxim by all that gives grace to the man, the gentleman, and the soldier. Receive, gentlemen, my congratulations, with the expression of the hope that as your history is as old as the Republic, so it may as honorably continue whilst the Republic stands ; and that when you lay down the helmet and the sword on earth, you may each exchange them for the crowns which await all who fight a good fight and keep the faith. God's blessing always go with you." Dr. Riley was assisted by the Rev. Charles Miel, a priest ordained in the Church of France, and formerly Chaplain pro. tetn. to her late Majesty the Queen of the French, whose presence, as remarked by the Rector, "was like an echo to the old French sympathy for the Army of America." At the conclusion of the service the Troop returned to the Armory, where it was dismissed at five o'clock. The weather on this day was remarkably fine, and the whole programme was carried out in the most successful manner. There were present seventy-eight members in uniform. On Monday evening the members of the Company assembled in full dress, at seven o'clock, to receive their friends on the occasion of the formal opening of the Armory. The roof and walls of the Riding -Hall were profusely decorated with flags, lent by order of the Navy Department, and the tan-floor was laid out as a garden, with growing plants, fountains, statues and walks. A long table, bearing an ample collation, was spread in the centre of this garden, and the whole was brilliantly lighted by hundreds of gas jets. Shortly after eight o'clock the large building was entirely filled with a brilliant crowd of ladies, civilians, and officers in uniform. The old silk standard, in its glass case and established in the fire-proof specially built for it, at the south end of the banqueting-room. was the centre of attraction. A large number of distinguished officers of the Army and Navy were present, together with military guests from other cities. The entertainment closed about midnight, having been in every respect most enjoyable. On the next day, Tuesday, November 17th, at twelve o'clock, noon, the Troop assembled at the Armory, mounted, to take part in the parade of the division, ordered in honor of the event. General Prevost had also extended an invitation to the New Jersey troops, which was accepted. Moving down to Broad and Carpenter Streets, by Chestnut and Thirteenth Streets, the Troop awaited the signal for the movement of the column, which was somewhat delayed by difiRculty in getting the New Jersey Battery across the river with sufficient rapidity. As soon as the line was formed the Troop passed along its front, from left to right up Broad Street, being saluted as it passed, and took its position at the head of the column, which then irioved forward in the following order : Major-General Charles M. Prevost and Staff. First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry. United States Marines, Brevet-Major Dawson. Girard College Cadets, Major Oliver. Sixth Regiment, National Guard of New Jersey, General W. J. Sewell. Battery B, National Guard of New Jersey, Captain Emmor D. French. Eighth Regiment, National Guard of New Jersey, two Companies (colored). First Brigade, First Division, National Guard of Pennsylvania, General Lyle Commanding. Artillery Corps, Washington Greys, Captain L. D. Baugh. Keystone Battery, Captain S. B. Poulterer. Wiccacoe Legion, Captain J. P. Denney. Second Regiment of Infantry, Lieutenant-Colonel J. H. Neff. Sixth Regiment of Infantry, Lieutenant-Colonel John Maxwell. Second Brigade, First Division, National Guard of Pennsylvania, Gen'l Ballier Comm'g. First Regiment of Infantry, Colonel R. Dale Benson. Third Regiment of Infantry, Lieutenant-Colonel Hugh Rodgers. State Fencibles, Captain John W. Ryan. Fourth Provisional Battalion (colored), Lieutenant-Colonel R. J. Burr. At Locust Street the column past in review the Governors of Pennsylvania and New Jersey, who, with their staff-oificers, and a large number of military and civil guests, occupied a stand which had been erected on Broad Street opposite to the Academy of Music. The parade passed through Chestnut, Third, Market, Eleventh, Arch and Twenty- First Streets, to the Armory of the Troop. The whole route was profusely decorated with 99 flags, bunting and banners, and the windows were crowded with people. When the head of the column reached Tenth Street in marching down Chestnut and again in coming up Market Street, the chime of St. Stephen's Church was rung, and the bells of Christ Church also chimed as the parade was passing Third and Market Streets. At the Mayor's office the Mayor and other civic dignitaries were on the steps and received a marching salute, while the State- House Bell sounded one hundred strokes. When the head of the column reached the Armory, the day, which had been bright and pleasant, began to be overcast and the darkness of a November afternoon was coming on. The General and his Staff rode directly into the building and the Troop following formed in single rank along the North and South walls of the Riding Hall, the band of the First Infantry taking up its position near the entrance. The entire column then marched through, entering by the main door and going out the door at the west end. The decorations, which on the previous evening occupied the floor, had been removed, but the roof and walls were still draped with their flags and the numerous lights contrasting with the growing darkness outside gave a dazzling brilliance to the interior. This march of the troops through the Armory was the most eff'ective scene of the whole day. After passing through, the parade was dismissed and the visiting military marched to the Skating Rink, at Chestnut Street Bridge (temporary armory), where they partook of a collation provided by the liberality of the merchants of Philadelphia and arranged by the Centennial Committee of the Troop. The Troop was dismissed at five o'clock, and the members met again at the Armory at eight o'clock in the evening to take part in the final act of the celebration of the day, the Centennial Banquet. In the main room of the Armory three long tables were spread. Captain Rogers occupied the head of the centre table with Cornet Snowden opposite. Lieutenant Maher the head of the west table with Lieutenant Randall opposite, and ex-Captain Fairman Rogers the head of the east table with First Sergeant Wilson opposite. The follow- ing invited guests were present :— John F. Hartranft, Governor, and James W. Latta, Adjutant-General of Pennsylvania; Joel Parker, Governor, and William Striker, Adjutant- General of New Jersey; Major-General Mott and General William J. Sewell of the National Guard of New Jersey; Major-General Charles M. Prevost and Colonel G. H. North of the National Guard of Pennsylvania; Captain Lewis D. Baugh, Washington Grays; Colonel R. Dale Benson, First Regiment Infantry, National Guard of Pennsylvania; Major Samuel N. Lewis, A. D. C, First Division, National Guard of Pennsylvania; Commodore George H. Preble, United States Navy; General N. P. Banks, of Massachusetts; General John P. Bankson; A. T. Goshorn, Esq., of Ohio, Director-General of Centennial Exhibition; Hon. Simon Cameron, of Pennsylvania; Thomas A. Scott, Esq., President Pennsylvania Railroad Co.; Rev. Theodore M. Riley. D.D., St. Clement's Church; Morton MclVIichael, Esq.; A. J. Drexel, Esq.; George W. Childs, Esq.; James L. Claghorn, Esq.; William Struthers, Esq.; Neilson Brown, Esq.; Edwin T. Eisenbrey, Esq.; W. Harrison jEisenbrey, Esq.; Paris Haldeman, Esq.; John Tucker, Jr., Esq.; John Lowber Welsh, Esq. Honorary and non-active members not in uniform: — Major-General Robert Patterson; Major-General George Cadwalader; e.\-Lieutenant Thomas Smith; Colonel Joseph F. Tobias, A. D. C, National Guard of Pennsylvania; Captain Emmor D. French, Battery B, National Guard of New Jersey; Samuel L. Shober. Honorary and non-active members in uniform: — Charles L. Leiper, AVilliam H. Taggart, M. D., Robert Thompson, Jr., ex-Captain Fairman Rogers, Emlen N. Carpenter, Frederick W. Fotterall, Rudolph Ellis, Captain Robert P. Wilson, U. S. A., William T. Lowber, Harrison Smith, Joseph R. Wilkins, Jr., P. Frederick Goddard, R. J. C. Walker. With the active members there were altogether seventy-seven present at the dinner in the uniform of the Troop. After the cloth had been removed. Captain M. Edward Rogers arose and in a few appropriate remarks congratulated the members of the Troop on the occasion which had called the present distinguished company of soldiers and citizens together. He expressed the conviction that in the three days of ceremonies, attending the Centennial Celebration, nothing had been omitted that would have added interest or dignity to the important event. On behalf of the Command he returned sincere thanks for the hearty sympathy and cordial co-operation extended by citizens of all classes, in the ceremonies which had attended the one hundredth anniversary of the organization. In concluding he requested all present to fill their glasses and drink to the first regular toast of the evening : " The day we celebrate — The one hundredth anniversary of the First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry." Cornet Snowden was called upon by Captain Rogers to respond on behalf of the Troop, which he did in substance as follovi's : — "Captain Rogers, Comrades and Gentlemen : As the junior officer of this command I am highly honored in being called to respond to the toast which has just been announced. I feel no less embarrassed than honored, as the call comes to me without an hour's warning in which to make some little preparation, in justice to the sentiment and this honored company. ' ' Those members of the Troop who have shared with me an active membership, extending several years into the past, will also share in the profound gratification we all feel this evening. For many years we have looked forward with anxious solicitude, and made earnest preparation, for this Centennial -Celebration. Many who hoped and labored with us have not been permitted to join in these festivities — they have taken up their line of march to that 'other country,' and have left upon our shoulders the duty and the honor of this occasion. "I take this opportunity, on behalf of the gentlemen of this Command, to return to our municipal authorities,— to the Major-General commanding this Division and the officers and men under him ; to the citizen soldiers of New Jersey ; to the representatives of the National Government, whose troops united with our National Guard in the imposing military display witnessed in this city to-day ; to all who have aided, whether much or little, in celebrating, in an appropriate manner, the One Hundredth Anniversary of this Company's organization,— I return sincere, heartfelt thanks. The recognition of this occasion by the representatives of the National Government, by the States of New Jersey and Pennsylvania, and by our municipal authorities, as well as the earnest and enthusiastic support we have received from our fellow-citizens, attest, in an unmistakeable manner, that the services of an hundred years are not forgotten by the people. " In our country, where there are so few 'old things,' where all is so new, young and vigorous, any institution or organization that ante-dates the present century, becomes an object of respectful veneration, especially if it has in any way been identified with the early and patriotic struggle of our fathers for the maintenance of human rights, and the estab- lishment of republican institutions. To this cause may be attributed the public manifesta- tion of sympathy and respect which was accorded this organization to-day by the citizens of our own and neighboring States, who united as citizens and soldiers in a grand military pageant, which will be ever as memorable in the annals of the city, as it was gratifying to us as Troopers. "The First Troop was organized nearly two years before Independence was declared. Its organization at that period was remarkable and significant, as exhibiting the temper of the times. It was not the rash and inconsiderate action of young and thoughtless men, carried away by their own passions and the excitements of the hour, that founded this institution. If it had been, it would have, perhaps, had an ephemeral existence, and long since have been forgotten. On the contrary, those who founded the Troop were of Philadelphia's most prominent citizens— among them were men of wealth, prudent men of business and leaders of society. No hasty act from such men would be expected. Knowing full well the consequence of the step they took, they deliberately organized the first military company- in America, raised for the defense of the Colonies, and in this act pledging their honors and their all to the maintenance of the rights of man imperiled by the arbitrary acts of a despotic government. "From 1774 until the close of the revolutionary struggle the men who founded the Troop, and their successors, maintained in the field and elsewhere, the same indomitable spirit which organized it in the beginning. In 1775, one year before the Declaration of Independence, the Troop carried that old tattered ensign hanging on yonder wall, which we prize so highly and preserve with so much care, and which is significant and remarkable in this, that it gave to the National flag the thirteen stripes as typical of the unity of the Colonies as an organized political power. Our records abundantly prove that, from the beginning, the men who composed the Troop believed in and labored not for defense alone but for the independence of the Colonies. "This was the highest and best thought of the times, to which the people and a hesitating Congress slowly worked their way, until, by its formal declaration, they committed the country to the logical results of the war, and thus secured that hearty co- operation which was essential to success. As to the value of the services performed by the Troop in the revolutionary period, we have abundant evidence on every side. The written declaration of the great commander of our armies, as well as contemporaneous history, attest that the gentlemen who left the refinements and comforts of life to share the fortunes of their fellow-countrymen in the field bore themselves as became men. "They cro.ssed the Delaware in the advance with Washington on that inclement night preceding the surprise and capture of the enemy at Trenton, and were the last to return across the river. They were at the second and more decided action at Trenton, and shared with Washington the victory at Princeton. They were not alone at the battle and sharers of the victory, but, more significant than all, were with Washington at that critical moment when his courage and self-possession turned the tide of battle and drove the enemy from the field. At Brandywine, under old General Armstrong, they were in the advance in all the preliminary skirmishes and gave the first authentic informa- tion of the change in the enemy's disposition of his troops, which information was of the highest importance to our army. They participated in the doubtful contest at German- town. For two years, during the winters of 1776 and 1777, the members were constantly in the saddle, performing cheerfully such duty as was assigned them. From that period until the present the Troop, I am happy to say, has preserved its ancient and honorable record. It has at no time hesitated to respond when called upon to assist in preserving the peace of the city, the honor of the State, or the unity of the Nation. " In 1794, when armed insurrection in the western portion of our own State threatened the permanency of the infant Republic, the Troop proffered its services and marched beyond the Alleghenies. In 1814 it again took the field against its old foe, in the ' Second War of Independence.' In 1838, with other troops from this city, it marched to Harris- burg to guard the Sovreignity of the State against mob-violence and embryo treason. In 1844, when the peace of the city was imperiled by religious fanaticism and intolerance, when arson and murder went abroad at noon-day, and our constituted authorities seemed powerless, the Troop was prompt in offering its services on the side of law and authority. I03 and during all that dark and disgraceful period maintained its character for devotion to duty and efficiency in service. " In more recent times, times whose dark shadows have not yet fully passed away, the Troop had an opportunity of again vindicating its love of country and willingness to sacrifice for the public good. In 1861, when the integrity of the Union was threatened and its flag insulted, this organization was among the first to tender its services to the Government. General Cameron, then Secretary-of-War, is present to-night and I know how much pleasure it affords him to tell of the patriotic promptness with which the men of this Command sprang to arms when the Government called her sons to the front. From the beginning the Troop has rendered valuable service in its organized capacity, but has been especially valuable as an example and incentive to others, in times of danger, to organize and arm for the public defense. Besides this, it has been of great service to the Nation in educating and preparing for positions of command men whose value to the country can not be over estimated. In this particular work the National Guard of the different States is performing valuable service. "In this connection it may be interesting to state that whilst the Troop, as a Company, participated in the 'three months service' and in the ' Gettysburg campaign,' its great service to the country was in giving from its rolls sixty-eight officers, ranking from "captains to major-generals, whose patriotism, skill and devotion to duty was attested on every battle-field of the Republic. Some of them are with us to-night, but, alas, how many sleep their last sleep! We call the muster-roll, but how many make no response ! Silent are the lips of James, who for so many years was our honored commander ; our comrade Birney is not here; the gallant Ash, who fell with his face to the foe, is missing from our table! Where are Kuhn, Taggart, Davis, Robert Morris, and the others who should have been here ? Alas, they have fought their last fight ! they sleep their long sleep. May they sleep well ! They answer not our roll-call to-night ! They answered the call of duty and perished in defense of the Union and liberties of their country. As no man dies too soon who dies for his country, we will shed no tears over them, but hold them up as bright and illustrious examples to be emulated and followed. "In celebrating this Company's anniversary we stand to-night on the rounding period of an hundred years. Slowly but surely the dial is marking the last moments of the century. Soon the bell on Independence Hall will ring out its knell over this peaceful city. To- night this organization presents a century of service well performed, and each and every member, who has shared in the service, participates in the honor. "Standing on this vantage-ground, how much there is in the retrospect that should fill each American heart with pride and thankfulness. When our predecessors established the Troop, Philadelphia had a population under thirty thousand, whilst Pennsylvania had I04 less than three hundred thousand inhabitants! The -thirteen feeble Colonies, sparsely settled, separated by almost unbroken forests, divided oft-times by jealousies, were just beginning to gird themselves for a contest with the most formidable power on earth. "Weak in every apparent essential to success, except in the unyielding spirit of the people, we behold them preparing for the unequal contest. What a contrast with to-day ! Looking down the march of the century we behold these Colonies, aided by Divine Provi- dence, triumphant in the great struggle and crystalized into a noble Government, full of promise to the oppressed of all lands. Each succeeding year has added strength and power. Our old enemy is again humiliated. The fields of Mexico add fresh laurels to our arms. Over domestic violence and rebellion the genius of the Republic is triumphant. We have extended our borders from the St. Lawrence to the Gulf and from Ocean to Ocean. Cities have sprung up as if by magic. Our own beautiful city has now a population of eight hundred thousand, and Pennsylvania has over three millions five hundred thousand souls within her borders. The thirteen Colonies are represented by thirty-seven great and powerful States. The hum of industry fills the land. On every hand may be seen pros- perity, peace and power — all that is essential to the greatness and happiness of a people. "The dark blot of human slavery — tolerated by our fathers, and that some of their, descendants fostered and endeavored to perpetuate — has been forever wiped out. The Declaration of Independence has a significence and logic in its utterance which it had not ninety-eight years ago. Glorious indeed are the fruits of the century ! Its labors and triumphs have done more to elevate and ennoble humanity than any of its predecessors. In the great work of enfranchising and elevating the people, our own country has led the van. We have given to theoretical republicanism a practical solution. We have destroyed the glamour of kingly authority, and laid strong and deep, for all time, principles that we believe to be essential to the peace and prosperity of mankind. If the retrospect is inspiring and glorious, the out-look to the future is equally full of hope and promise. As those who have preceded us bore the burden imposed upon them with manliness and honor, so I trust and believe our successors will perform whatsoever duty is assigned them, remem- bering always that their highest duty is to their country, and that sacrifices for her are to be cheerfully made. " For one hundred years this organization has existed, because its members have been men whose personal honor was pledged, not only in its behalf but in the preservation of order, and in the maintenance of public peace. The brotherhood of its membership brings together about this table to-night men of three generations, to attest their love and devotion for an institution which has well earned the confidence of those in authority, and the respect of the people. Is it too much to hope and believe that, in the new era upon I05 which we have now entered, this old Troop, freighted with the sacred memories of the past century, will still be found true to the spirit of its founders, and true to the best interests of the Republic? I feel assured that the future can be safely trusted to our successors. " In concluding, I desire to congratulate the Command upon its present enviable status. In the number of its active members ; in thoroughness of equipment ; in efficiency of drill ; in attention to duty — it is perhaps in advance of any previous period since its organization. In this beautiful and commodious armory, which was erected as an enduring memorial to mark the close of a century, there is manifested a spirit as enterprising and generous as could have actuated the membership of the past." In retiring from active membership I feel assured we can take with us the consoling reflection, that in our day this venerable organization was not permitted to retrograde in usefulness or degenerate in character; but that it was transmitted to our successors in a condition of efficiency, as great, if not greater, than at any period in its past history. "Thanking you, gentlemen, for the warm enthusiasm with which the toast was received, and for the courtesy with which you have listened to me, I will give way to those who are to follow." Lieutenant Maher announced the next toast: " The memories of Captains Ross, Butler, and James." Drunk standing and in silence. In response to the next toast : " The United States of America." General Cameron, being called upon, said : "The first time I met the gentlemen of the Troop was in the year 1824, during Lafayette's visit to this country. A Dauphin County Troop of horse, of which I was Captain, marched from Harrisburg to this city to participate in the grand military and civic ceremonies attending the distinguished Frenchman's reception. The First Troop met my command, on its approach to the city, at the Falls of Schuylkill, where they served a handsome dinner and afterwards escorted the command to their quarters in the city. From that time to this I have admired not only the splendid uniform, which I think, after having seen the most showy in Europe, is the handsomest in the world ; but I particularly admire the one feature, peculiar and marked in this command, and that is, that its rank and file is composed of gentlemen. From the beginning it has been so— composed originally of the first men of your city ; their successors have at all times equalled the founders— and I am sure from what we have witnessed this day, and now see at this splendid io6 banquet, we must be convinced that its officers and men are not only gentlemen in the ordinary sense of the word, but such as can at all times command the respect and confi- dence of any community in which their lot may be cast. So long as the spirit that has maintained this organization for an hundred years exists gentlemen will fill your ranks, and the proud distinction be yours of being the model command, not only of the Common- wealth but of the Country. "It was my fortune, or misfortune, to be Secretary of War when the great rebellion that devastated our country for years, first opened its guns on Fort Sumpter, and among the many bright and cheering things that lit up the general gloom of that trying period, nothing gave me more gratification or assurance as to where the heart of the country was, than the prompt and manly tender of service on the part of this noble organization. The number of men composing the ranks was small, in comparison with the hundred of thousands who tendered their services, but I felt then that their example and patriotic action was worth thousands of troops to the Government. This old Troop in the past has always been true to patriotism and country, and I confidently believe it will ever remain so. As a Pennsylvanian I am proud of it. As an American I point to its record as a triumphant vindication of the volunteer system, upon which Republics must rest for support in times of trial and danger. To the toast : " Pennsylvania and New Jersey, — always united in defense of the integrity of the Nation." Governor Joel Parker, of New Jersey, responded in substance as follows : " No two States of the Union are more closely bound in interest, or more intimately connected in history, than Pennsylvania and New Jersey. , They were settled about the same period, and the early settlers on each side of the Delaware were from the same portions of the Old World. They brought with them the same manners and customs. Their institutions and laws spring from the same source. The same policy towards the aborigines of the country was pursued. Before Philadelphia was founded, William Penn gave to West Jersey the code of laws and system of government which he subsequently introduced on this side of the river ; the foundation principles of which were political liberty and freedom of conscience in matters of religion. Our forefathers mingled in friendly intercourse and their descendants have cultivated the same spirit of amity. " In the Revolution, New Jersey and Pennsylvania fought side by side on almost every battlefield of the war. This military organization, the Centennial Anniversary of which we are now celebrating, was at Trenton and Princeton. Your predecessors, upon those fields, sought danger and death at the cannon's mouth to drive the invaders I07 from the soil of New Jersey, and the Jersey line in turn defended, at Germantown, the homes and firesides of Pennsylvania. "No soldiers gained greater distinction, at Trenton, in 1776, than the Philadelphia Troop of Light Horse. The complimentary order, issued by Washington at the close of that campaign- — the original of which I am informed is in possession of the Troop — proves the estimation in which the organization was held. This order, dated at head-quarters, at Morristown, N. J., on the Twenty-third day of January, A. D. 1777, signed by the Commander-in-Chief, acknowledges the many essential services the Troop had rendered to their country, and the noble example of discipline and subordination and the spirit of bravery exhibited in several actions. In this connection it is proper to observe that the ■ members of the Philadelphia Troop were generally men of fortune and, like Washington, would not accept compensation for services during the revolutionary war, but donated the whole of their pay to the Pennsylvania Hospital. "It is related that, after the battle of Trenton, Washington dispatched one of the Philadelphia Troop to convey the news of the victory to Congress. This trooper had been among the foremost in confronting the dangers and enduring the fatigues of that decisive engagement and was in no condition to make fast time. By some means the news reached Congress before he arrived, and upon his appearance in the hall. Dr. Witherspoon, in the midst of the hilarity that prevailed, moved an appropriation to present him with a pair of spurs. This motion was not intended as reproof, nor did it in the least question the prowess of the soldier, or the organization he represented ; for, generally, they who are foremost in battle are least active in spreading the news of victory. "These associations endear your Troop to Jerseymen. I see on the tableware, specially decorated to adorn this magnificent banquet, as well as on the labels of the wine, imported to add spirit to the entertainment, the words " Trenton " and " Princeton," and I confess to you that with such surroundings I feel at home. In this connection I thank you for the honor of an invitation to this entertainment, and for the respect and attention to me and to my staff who represent New Jersey on this occasion. And to the Governor of this Commonwealth, now present, I tender thanks for the very courteous invitation to review the troops who to-day participated in the parade in honor of your Troop. I assure him and you, that the people of my State will appreciate such a token of respect offered to them in the person of their representative. "Asking pardon for this digression, I remark that Pennsylvania and New Jersey, in the late rebellion, acted together in defense of the Nation. Their sons fought side by side in many of the fiercest conflicts of that terrible struggle. When the flag was fired upon and the integrity of the Union threatened, both these States offered men and means to the io8 Government, nor did they cease their support or withdraw their sympathy from the national cause so long as there was armed resistance to the laws. "This is the first of a series of centennial commemorations which will take place within the next few years, and is only preliminary to the great Centennial Celebration of our National freedom, which will be held in this city in 1876. Although much has occurred to temporarily discourage those who have in charge the arrangements for the great Exhibi- tion, yet, through the liberality of the citizens of Philadelphia, the patriotic enterprise has been placed upon a firm foundation. It is a subject for regret that Congress has thus far turned a deaf ear to the application for material aid, and that the State Governments seem to manifest but little interest. Thus far New Jersey is the only State, except Pennsylvania, that has manifested any sympathy in the Centennial movement. I have faith that in due time the general Government and the States will awake to its importance ; — but, whether they do or not. New Jersey will do her duty in this regard — and, as of yore, will stand by Pennsylvania. " Philadelphia is the place where the Celebration should be held. The very building in which the immortal Declaration was signed, and from which it was promulgated, is standing ; and there are so many other places in and near this city of revolutionary interest, around which patriotic associations cluster, that no other place for the Centennial Anni- versary should be thought of. " The manner of the proposed commemoration is proper and fitting. The roar of artillery, military parade and martial music for a single day, although necessary adjuncts, are not sufficient for the one hundredth anniversary of American Independence. The proposition of a son of Massachussetts, who bears an honored name, to observe the great event in our history by setting off a few roman candles and fire-crackers is absurd and insulting to those who have the matter in charge ;— and I know that my friend on the right from that State, where the revolution commenced, and where the spirit of liberty first manifested itself in armed resistance to oppression (General Banks), does not approve sentiments such as those uttered by a citizen of his State, to whom I have alluded. The mode of observance adopted by Congress, and now being carried forward by the members of the Centennial Commission, comports with the dignity and power of the Nation. An exhibition of the products of the soil, of the hand and of the mind, from all sections of this vast country in comparison with those of other and older nations, will demonstrate to the world what a hundred years of free government has done for a people. It seems strange to me that any one could hesitate as to the propriety, nay, the necessity of such a celebration ; and that any one could oppose, or be lukewarm, is doubly strange. A people so dead to patriotism as not suitably to commemorate the one hundredth anniversary of the birth of their nation would probably not have enough vitallity to last another hundred years. I I09 have faith in the patriotism of the people of this country. I have no doubt that the Centennial Anniversary will be held in 1S76, in the City of Philadelphia, on a scale which will exceed any World's Fair that has ever been held. I am satisfied that it is destined to be a grand success, both as a National and International Exhibition, and I would not be surprised if, in future years, States and individuals now apparently indifferent, should contend for the honor of originating and contributing most to the patriotic object. " In contemplating the progress of the nation during the century now drawing to a close, it is gratifying to reflect that the great dangers by which the infant Republic was surrounded have passed away. The question of slavery — fastened on us, both North and South, before we gained our independence — was a constant menace to our peace and union. That question, as well as the alleged right of secession, has been settled, never to be re-opened ; and the Nation will commence the second century of her career with brighter prospects of perpetuity than was promised a hundred years ago. " Come what may, in the language of the sentiment to which I have been called upon to respond, Pennsylvania and New Jersey will continue to be united in defense of the integrity of the Nation." Governor Hartranft, on the conclusion of Governor Parker's remarks, arose and said: " Gentlemen of the First Troop: I need not tell you the pleasure I feel at being present with you and your distinguished guests on this memorable occasion. All gatherings of the National Guard are enjoyable occasions to me. This is especially so, when, uniting with you in celebrating one hundred years of continuous service, I remember the noble and honorable record made by yourselves and your predecessors. As the Governor of this Commonwealth I feel a pride in knowing that, in the organization of the National Guard, there is represented by your Troop that which is best in the American soldier. The long list of honorable names borne on your rolls, and the service they have rendered their country, call for our respect and reverence. I desire, as Governor, to direct my efforts towards increasing the efficiency of the National Guard of the State. This is a matter that rests heavily upon me. In looking across that stream, so memorable in the history of your organization, as the obstacle gallantly overcome in your victorious onslaught on Trenton, we see a State, whose honored Governor is with us to-night, rich in the possession of a citizen soldiery efficient in every way. New Jersey, as she always has been, is one of the first States of the Nation, in having an efficient National Guard. The bearing, marching and admirable discipline exhibited by the troops from that State, who participated in the parade in your honor to-day, show care and nurture on the part of the State for her volunteer soldiery. I shall deem it a matter of great pride if, before my official term shall expire, the National Guard of Pennsylvania is placed on the same favorable footing, in regard to State support, as is now enjoyed by the troops of New Jersey. I think we can promise our friends from a distance, that, in the coming Centennial, when the troops of the different States are assembled in this city, it will be found that the National Guard of our State will compare very favorably with that of any other. I reiterate with unfeigned pleasure the sentiments of Governor Parker, in trusting that there may never be any alienation between our two States. As the troops of each, in the past, were ever found side by side in maintaining the union and honor of the country, so our citizens to-day are found side by side in promoting and carrying forward the arts of peace, and particularly the great Exhibition in honor of the National Centennial." The next toast : " Philadelphia — ever alive to the call of duty and patriotism." Was responded to by Major-General George Cadwalader, the oldest member of the Troop present. The next toast : "Our citizen soldiei-y — the Nation's bulwark." Was fittingly and beautifully spoken to, by Major-General Nathaniel P. Banks, of Massachusetts. In response to the toast : '* The Army and Navy." General Mott, of New Jersey, being called upon, responded as follows: "Captain Rogers and Gentlemen of the First Troop: In response to your toast, and the kind and complimentary manner with which you have been pleased to call upon me to reply, I can only return to you my sincere thanks. "Your gallant Troop is closely identified with the history of this great city, and I have been exceedingly gratified in witnessing, to-day, the strong hold which this veteran Corps has upon the esteem of your fellow-citizens. Your Centennial Anniversary has been, in all respects, a complete success, and the encomiums bestowed upon you have been won by well-merited and continued services. I trust your organization may become more and more efficient, and that all the veterans, as well as recent recruits, may take renewed pride in cherishing and maintaining your ancient and well-earned record. I call upon my friend. General E. B. Grubb, as a New Jersey member of your Troop, to do fuller justice than I can to the toast." To which Private Grubb responded in a few remarks. In response to the toast — " The National Centennial— may it represent the art and progress of all nations; but, above all, may it bring together our own people, from all sections of the Union, and restore to our hearts that fraternal love which is essential to the power and progress of the Republic." General Robert Patterson, being called upon, responded as follows: "Mr. President and Gentlemen: I have been greatly gratified, to-day and this evening, in witnessing the magnificent celebration of the Centennial Anniversary of the First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry. This Troop is associated with my most pleasant memories. More than sixty years ago, during the War of 1812, when a very young man, of little service and less merit, the Troop honored me with an invitation to dine with it. I was well aware that the compliment was not to me personally, but to the grand old army, of which I was then a junior and humble member. " It is now more than half a century since the Troop first came under my command, and I have always selected it for escort-duty, in receptions of the Presidents of the United States, or others of sufficient merit to entitle them to that distinction. On the occasion of the visit of General Lafayette to the United States, it was his escort from Trenton to this city, and his escort and guard -of- honor whilst the General remained in or near Philadelphia. In the little rebellion, gotten up in this State in the winter of 1837-8, when the members of the Senate were driven in terror from their seats, and the Senate- Chamber was in possession of an armed and determined body of men, the Governor ordered my division to Harrisburg to restore and preserve order. All my command were reliable, but none more so than the Troop. This up-rising was known afterwards as the ' Buck-Shot War.' We were kept, against my judgment and entreaties, nearly one month at Harrisburg. The Troop was also with me in suppressing the riots of 1844, when a numerous, reckless, and lawless gang of fanatics undertook to bum down all the Catholic Churches and Seminaries in the City of Philadelphia, and it was with me in the Valley of the Shenan- doah in the summer of 1861. It was in the advance at the Battle of the Falling Waters; when, for the first and only time, that gallant soldier, ' Stonewall ' Jackson, was defeated and driven back. In this connection I will relate a little incident which may gratify such of those here present who were not then in the Troop. When Jackson's guns, and they were well served, were making the affair look rather serious, I rode up to the Troop and said: 'It may be necessary for me to direct you to take that battery, and if I give the order it must be done, no matter how many saddles are emptied.' I paused a moment and looked along the line at the diff"erent faces, the returning glance from each told me that they were ready and that I could rely on them. With pleased feeling I said : ' I know you will do it,' and rode away. The order was not given as the purpose was accomplished by other means, and I had no desire to throw away the lives of my soldiers, especially of my grand-children, as I called the First Troop. "In all this service and association of sixty years, the conduct of the First Troop has always merited and received my sincere personal and official approval, and I am indeed rejoiced to see the splendid condition of the Troop to-day. I could not say less than I have, — would gladly say more, but time admonishes, and I must now reply to the toast to 'The National Centennial,' of which I had no timely notice, and for which I am not well prepared. I accept the wonderful gathering to-day, of soldiers and citizens, including distinguished men from our own and other States, as a hopeful promise of the still more numerous and wonderful assemblage that will gather here in honor of our National Centennial, the results of which, I believe, will meet the full expectations of the most sanguine, and assist largely in restoring fraternal love and good feeling throughout the entire length and breadth of the land. " Philadelphia, with Independence Hall, from the steps of which was officially pro- claimed our National Independence, is without doubt the proper place. Boston, with old Fanueil Hall, the cradle of Liberty, would be the next place ; but she has gracefully ceded her claim to Philadelphia, and the whole country approves the act. I was gratified to hear the distinguished son of Massachusetts, General Banks, say, a moment since, that Massa- chusetts would yet do her duty and contribute her full share of the funds necessary to carry the Centennial Exposition to its full and required capacity. I cannot doubt it. I feel confident that the old Bay State will come up nobly to our aid, and give more than her share. Her intelligence, patriotism, and great wealth would prompt her so to do, and I trust that there will be no further delay. AVhen, in the Revolution, Massachusetts was invaded and Boston occupied by British troops, did Pennsylvania hesitate or linger or postpone to see what Boston or Massachusetts could do for themselves ? No ; but promptly sent her sons to the aid of her sister ; and I expect to see Massachusetts send her funds to our aid, and I venture to say, as General Banks has said, that she will ; and while I am utterly opposed to that abomination of abominations, the so-called reciprocity treaty with Old England, I am as decidedly in favor of the reciprocity referred to with New England. Philadelphia and Pennsylvania have done their duty and will continue to do it. New Jersey has nobly assisted, as have many other of our sister States. I speak of New Jersey as she is Philadelphia's nearest neighbor, and with no invidious distinction. I believe the others will take favorable action, and hope they will do so promptly, as there is certainly no time to lose, and help us do what Congress should have done. The first step towards success is the determination to succeed, and this is well illustrated by the words and actions of Marshal Ney, when directed by the Emperor Napoleon to charge with his division and break the lines of a corps of the enemy, numerically four times his own strength. The "3 movement was of such a desperate character, that in all probability Napoleon would never have ordered any other man than Ney to execute it. Said Ney: ' Sire, if possible, it shall be done;' then, looking searchingly into the eyes of Napoleon, to ascertain if he were really in earnest, and seeing that he was, he again spoke, and said : ' If impossible, it must be done;' and it was done. "But I must close. I sincerely hope that all countries may be represented at the National Centennial Exposition of 1876, and that the intermingling of our own people may tend, above all other results, to restore and create that universal concord and fraternal love which all American citizens should cultivate towards each other, and I know full well enough of Philadelphia hospitality, to assure all of a hearty welcome to the city of the Quaker, and the land of William Penn." The next toast : " The Memory of Washington." Drunk standing and in silence. The regular toasts having been concluded, the following were offered : " Majoi'-General Charles M. Prevost — an old Trooper, a good soldier, and an accomplished officer — we give him a hearty welcome to-night." General Prevost, being called upon, responded by expressing the great pleasure he felt in being present upon this memorable occasion. As commander of the division, he felt proud of this organization, but more particularly as an old Trooper, who had served for years in the ranks. This day was a proud one for the National Guard of Pennsylvania. The troops of the general Government, and two great States, have united to do honor to a Company serving in our midst. It is a bright and shining example of what devotion to duty, when governed by patriotic principles, can accomplish. For one hundred years this organization has maintained itself as an institution Philadelphia loves to honor. He was proud as a citizen of the State, still more so as an officer of the National Guard, and more than all as a member of the Troop, that we have in Pennsylvania, so noble a type of the citizen soldiery of our country. He thanked the gentlemen for the kind manner in which his name was received and would ever remember, with pleasure, this delightful occasion. " General Bankson — until recently our Brigade Commander — we honor him as a strict disciplinarian, and regret that he is no longer of the National Guard of the State." In response, General Bankson said : "I very gratefully acknowledge the compliment you have just paid me. The friendly feeling evinced toward me, as the former commander of the First Brigade, by the gentleman 114 who has proposed my health, followed, as its expression has been, by the flattering remarks of the commanding officer, add much to my pleasure as the recipient of your hospitality. When, six months ago, I reliquished the command of the First Brigade — for which time had only increased my attachment — I felt as if I was sacrificing not only my pride, as- its commander, but also those military associations and social courtesies which had become very pleasant to me. I was wrong. Expecting to pass from sight and memory, I ever find from all a welcome, and to-night, on this memorable era in your history, a place among your honored guests. "And what an anniversary you celebrate ! Taking precedence of the Republic — hoary with the glories of a hundred years — you await the Centennial Anniversary of the Nation, which the founders of your Troop fought to establish. To you, their descendants and successors, is given to behold their perfected work. Great as has been the effort of this organization to celebrate, as it should be celebrated, this anniversary, still greater should be the exertion to welcome, with full ranks and undiminished ardor, the great event of 1876. " I do not wonder at the heartfelt pride in the Troop, expressed on all occasions by its members, and fully shared by your fellow-citizens. There are military organizations in the world with traditions and records ante-dating yours ; there are banners blazoned with the names of battles which have changed the fate of nations, but which of them, as they mutely appeal to our admiring eyes, can say as does yonder flag : ' I am the banner of freemen ; borne as the ensign of those who gave up all and followed me, to found a nation of freemen ! For Liberty ! For Independence ! For these we strive ! ' "Ah, gentlemen ! never can I believe this Troop will falter in its onward path. A century hence, when I and all who now hear me are but memories. Troopers will gather around the board, recall old names, old traditions, old histories, and at their Bi-Centennial, while perusing with pride the records from 1774 to 1874, recount the added glories of another hundred years. " Ex-Captain Faimian Rogers was called upon, by a complimentary allusion to himself, and responded briefly pnd appropriately by alluding to his long connection with the Troop, and the gratification he felt in being permitted to parade with the Company upon this memorable occasion as one of its officers. Commodore Preble, being also called upon, made a few remarks, referring to the Revolutionary Standard of the Troop, and the interest which would always be connected with it ; to the event which had called the Troop together, and the pleasure it gave him to unite with the members upon so auspicious an occasion. Several other complimentary remarks were made by the gentlemen present in response to personal toasts. In response to the sentiment of the "Privates of the Troop," Private John I. Rogers read the following verses, composed for the occasion : One hundred years ! One hundred year<; Are buried in primordial gloom, Unresurrected by vain tears, WTiich whet his scythe. Time fills his tomb With gold-wing'd monows, chrysaliss'd Into worm-eaten yester eves. That flitted by, scarce known or missed But told their fate in fallen leaves. Let's gather these papyrean scrolls And in their mute and pulseless stems, Translate Death's many muster-rolls From epitaphs to apothegms. Within a cent'ry's sepulchre. Strange knotted human relics lie ; The blood-stained gemm'd Excalibur That carved out States, near pens, now dry Of galled Ambition's ink, that made New maps, new subjects and new slaves ; Imperial sceptres peep, decayed. From grimy Communistic graves ; Unripe republics, cankering, mock " Divine ruled kingdoms' " vulgar dust ; And dynasties that strove to rock A world's foundations, mouldering, rust. But, Phcenix-like, the fetid air. That shrouds our dead one hundred years. Gives birth to a phosphoric glare. And Progress, thus revealed, appears ; Who, rising with his noblest son. Civilization, and his bride. Fair Liberty, crown Washington Their lord, and in his land abide. Blest hundred years ! that gave to earth Columbia's realm and Freedom's home ; WTiere aristocracy is worth. Where starry flag, like starry dome, O'erspreads, yet brightens, all beneath. And lights the humblest to the van. To win and wear the laurel wreath. Which knights him noble, peer and Man. Blest hundred years ! that close to-day, Though clouds of war obscured your dawn. Their silver lining shed its spray O'er eight and twenty sabres drawn. Baptizing, in the patriot's faith. The maiden falchions then unsheath'd, Devoted, spite grim Treason's wraith. To country's cause, while foemen breathed, And when those clouds in thunder broke And drench'd the land with hum.-.n gore, Those blades gleamed thro' the battle smoke ; And proud, the Troop of Light Horse wore Their tail of buck and silver cord, As emblems of chivalric trust, Credentials needing no pass-word — A precedent unknown — yet just; For, never where brave Morris led. Had Markoe's silken banner waved Its rich escutcheon o'er the head Of recreant, vulgar or depraved. Their homes of wealth and ease, forsook For tented field and bed of flint. Their feast — the mess, their wine — the brook ; Repose doled out with soldier stint. Let Trenton's streets and Princeton's plains And ice-gorged Delaware attest The glory, earned in those campaigns That blazons our armorial crest. Unstained that crest, though e'er unfurled By blast of war, it brighter grows As each orb of the stellar world. New, on the nation's ensign glows. We hail it with heraldic pride! An heritage immaculate ! Our knighthood's title-deed, our guide To Honor's crown inviolate ! We re-affirm bold Dunlap's pledge, ' The Troop wants but an hour's call ' To claim its ancient privilege The vanguard, when Mars' tempests fall. And now, on our Centennial day, We'll summon the historic past, And, by its lurid beacon ray, Our horoscopic future ca.st. It warns us not to arrogate Ancestral laurels, us bequeath'd. But self-earned glories, dedicate T'enhance traditions, time — inwreath'd Cheered by these hallowed omens, now The First Troop City Cavalry To-day renews its ancient vow Of valor, honor, chivalry ! If kept, that vow, which each proclaims, Our next centennial will archive Our mem'ries with th' immortal names Our flag deviced, ' For these we strive.' " ii6 The dinner was served on china, purchased by subscription and made expressly for the occasion ; being decorated with the sabretasch and hemlet of the Troop, and the champagne was also expressly imported ; the label being a reproduction of the design on the dinner- service. At a late hour, after a most brilliant evening, the company slowly dispersed, and the first hundred years of the life of the First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry was thus ended. The members of the Troop, who participated in uniform, in the celebration of its Centennial, were as follows : HONORARY MEMBERS. Edwin L. Tevis, Charles L. Leiper, William H. Taggart, M. D., Robert Thompson, Jr., Fairman Rogers, Emlen N. Carpenter, NON-ACTIVE MEMBERS. Edwin L. Reakirt, Frederick W. Fotterall, Rudolph Ellis, Gabriel Middleton, Horace P. Mitchell, Robert P. Wilson. William T. Lowber, Harrison Smith, Joseph R. Wilkins, Jr., R. J. C. Walker, Stephen T. Souder, P. Frederick Goddard, James J. Macdowell. ACTIVE MEMBEE.S. M. Edward Rogers, J. Francis Maher, Robert E. Randall, A. Loudon Snowden, Francis F. Maury, Hext M. Perry, Jos. Lapsley Wilson, John Hockley, Jr., Robert P. Dechert, George Zinn, William D. Gemmill, Myer Asch, William F. Lewis, Harry P. Norris, Roberts Vaux, Captain, ist Lieutenant, 2nd " Cornet, Surgeon, Assistant Surgeon, ist Sergeant, 2nd " Q.M.; 3d " 4th " Sth " I St Corporal, 2nd " 3d " 4th " Robert Adams, Jr., Private, George A. Audenried, Lloyd Bankson, Jr., Jos. Wm. Bates, Jr., J. Stanley Bruner, W. Masters Camac, William B. Churchman, Hugh Craig, Jr., J. Heron Crosman, Robt. Walter Deming, John B. Dickson, L. Taylor Dickson, Joseph I. Doran, Charles C. Dunn, Jr., William H. Gaw, 117 Edw. Burd Grubb, Private, Harry Wilson Price, Private, Thomas Hockley, ' ' John L Rogers, ' J. Aubrey Jones, ' ' J. West Rulon, ' Charles E. Kelly, ' ' James K. Scofield, ' John A. King, ' ' Norwood P. Senat, ' Perot Lardner, ' J. Emlen Smith, (D. Q. M.J ' Edw. Shinn Lawrance, ' ' W. Horner Smith, ' Edw. Stuart Lawrance, ' ' Thomas P. C. Stokes, John C. Love, ' ' William Struthers, Jr., ' William Meade, ' ' Frederick Sylvester, ' Albert L. Murphy, ' ' Richard H.Townsend, Jr., ' Thomas William Neill, ' ' Edward Waln, Jr., ' H. Corbit Ogden, ' ' Samuel Welsh, Jr. , ' Walter E. Penrose, ' William R. White, Saml. W. Miller Peters, ' ' John Wright, ' Alex. Fullerton Phillips, ' ' Joseph Wright, ' Joseph T. Pratt, ' ' Louis Snyder, (non-resd't) ' Eighty-three (83) members, an d Ellis Pugh and W. R. Phelps, trumpeters. ■-^■■,T"''T;*'-'r""T--'- — ■■■•'^'■' •'^':o,■|f^■'■^}~^-;'fJl^:■^^ ^ "■■''' ■'^^; STANDARD PRESENTED BY CAPTAIN MARKOE IN 1775 AND CARRIED BY THE TROOP IN THE WAR OFTHE REVOLUTION The Standards. The Old Standard. Among the relics preserved by the Troop, none relating to its earliest history possesses more value, or is of greater interest, than the old standard carried by the Company during all the campaigns in which it was engaged throughout the revolutionary struggle, and which has been handed down through successive generations of Troopers to the present day. For some time after the assembling of the first Congress in September, 1774, there existed no common flag in use by the disaffected colonists. The colors which were carried by vessels of all classes, and those which were adopted by military bodies, were in most cases the British commercial ensign, (which was a plain red flag with the union of the cross of St. George and the saltier of St. Andrew,) ornamented with various mottoes and threatening devices, or a flag displaying similar emblems, and in many instances the arms and mottoes of the several colonies, on plain fields of different colors. It would appear that the flags carried by independent military companies at this time, were the results of the inventions of the members or commanders of those bodies, and Captain Markoe while in command of the Troop, following the prevailing custom, and desiring at the same time to present the Company which had honored him by placing him at its head, with some token of his affec- tion and respect, had prepared this standard, little thinking when giving the draught to the designer, how important a step he was taking toward the creation of the ensign of the United States. No mention of this standard is made in any of the books which have been written on the history of the national flag, or in any of the many publications of the different historical societies of the country, before that found in the exhaustive and interesting work entitled, " Origin and Progress of the Flag of the United States of America," by Geo. Henry Preble, U. S. N., 1872 ; where it is stated that : " the supposed earliest instance of the thirteen stripes being used upon an American banner is found upon a standard said to have been presented to the Philadelphia troop of Light Horse, in i774-'75, by Captain Abraham Markoe." In this work is given the following description of the flag by Mr. Charles J. Lukens of Phila- delphia, which, owing to its great accuracy, is here quoted : "The flag of the light-horse of Philadelphia is forty inches long and thirty-four inches broad. Its canton is twelve and one-half inches long and nine and one-half inches wide. The armorial achievement in its centre occupies the proportional space shown in the draw- ing; both sides of the flag exhibit the same attributes. The left side shows everything as if the material were transparent, giving the right side entirely in reverse, except the cyphers ^. ^., and the motto, ' For these we strive.' The cyphers, the running vine on both sides, the cord and tassels, and the fringe are of silver bullion twist. The spear-head and the upper ferrule, taken together eight inches in length, are of solid silver. The staff is of dark wood, in three carefully ferruled divisions screwing together. Ten screw rings at irregular intervals from two and one-half to three and three-fourths inches, are used to attach the flag to the staff by means of a cord laced through corresponding eyelets in the flag. The flag is formed of two sides very strongly hemmed together along the edges, each side being of two equal pieces attached together by means of a horizontal seam, the material of the flag being a light bright yellow silk and apparently the same tint as that of the present artillery flag of the United States. The canton of the flag is ' Barry of thirteen azure and argent. ' The azure being deep ultra marine, the argent silver leaf. The achievement in the centre of the flag is azure, a round knot of three interlacings, with thirteen divergent, wavy, bellied double foliated ends (?r; whereof two ends are in chief, and one in base. The scrolled edging of the shield is gold, with outer and inner rims of silver. "The crest, (without a wreath) a horse's head bay, with a white star on the forehead, erased at the shoulders, maned sable, bitted and rosetted or, and bridled azure. Over the head of the charger is the monogram ^. ^. Beneath the shield, the motto ' For these we strive,' in black Roman capitals of the Elizabethan style, on a floating silver scroll, upon the upcurled ends of which stand the supporters. Dexter, a Continental, masquerading as an American Indian (probably of the Boston tea party, December i6th, 1773),' with a bow or, the loosened string blue floating on the wind, in his left hand, and in his right, a gold rod upholding a liberty cap, with tassel azure, the lining silver, head dress and kilt (or ga-ka-ah) of feathers, the former of five alternately of dark red, and gold, with fillet of crimson. The latter of seven alter- nately oi gold and of dark red. (This may be of eight, and then it would be 5 + 8^13, alternately of dark red, and of gold, as the gold at least occupies the extreme natural right of the kilt. The uncertainty arises from age, and the fact that the dependent ends of a crimson shoulder sash or scarf, worn from left to right with knot at the waist, bound the left edge of the kilt, which itself is supported by a narrow girdle, with pendant loops of gold, and the looped spaces red.) The quiver is of gold supported over the right shoulder by a blue strap, its arrows axe proper. A continental officer's cresent, gold, suspended around the neck by a blue string, rests just where the clavicles meet the sternum. The moccasins are buff with, feather tops, I think alternated dark red, and gold. The Indian has deep black hair, but his skin is intermediate between the Caucasian and the aboriginal hues., rather in- clining to the former, and his cheek is decidedly ruddy, almost rosy. He approaches the I The Company has always interpreted the device of the Indian as representing America, and with the addition of the liberty pole and cap representing Freedom, symbolizing as a whole Free America. shield in profile as does also the sinister supporter which represents an angel of florid tint, roseate cheek, with auburn curly hair, and blue eyes, blowing a golden trumpet, held with his right hand, and holding in his left a gold rod. His wings are a light bluish gray with change- able flashes of silver. His flowing robe from the right shoulder to the left flank \% purple. These supporters not being heraldic in position and motion for human or angelic figures, their left and right action have the natural and not the heraldic significations. "The flag is in admirable condition, considering that nearly one hundred years have elapsed since it was made. The whole is a model of good taste and judgment, and evidences that Captain Markoe spared no expense." The regret which Commodore Preble expresses that the precise date of invention of the Troop standard cannot be ascertained, is partially dissipated by the recent discovery among the papers of Captain Markoe, by his great grandson, Lieut. William Camac, of the original bills here appended and now in possession of the Company : September i6th, 1775, M'. Marchoo D'. To John Folwell, To Drawing & Designing the Coulours for the light Horse, £^-'^l- — Ten shillings paid in part. Rec"* 22'' of Sep. of Abram Markoe Above in full, John Folwell. I Philad^ 8th Sept'. 1775. Captain Markoe To James Claypoole, D'. To painting, gilding & silvering a Device, Union & Motto on 2 Colours for the Troop of Light Horse @ ;^4 ? - " " ;^8 o o. Received the Contents in full from Mr. Mitchell James Claypoole.. Nothing appears upon these papers to fix the precise date of the ordering of the flag; the bill for designing is dated a week later than the bill for painting, and in the absence of other I After a careful examination of cotemporaneous newspapers, directories and public records for information as to the history of these two gentlemen, nothing whatever can be found of John Folwell. not even the name ; partial success, however has attended the search for James Claypoole. It appears that he was a painter in Philadelphia as early as 1749, following probably the occupa- tion of sign painting, but possessing at the same time some taste for high art. He was the father of David C. Claypoole, who was a member of the Troop in 1794, and who was at that time a partner and afterivards the successor of Captain John Dunlap, the publisher of the D,.ily Advertiser, in after years known as Poulson's, and now merged in the North American. No clew can be discovered as to the place of birth of James Claypoole, or as to his parentage. He died in Philadelphia in 1784. bills of later date for work done, we may be permitted to suppose that the standard was completed some considerable time before the above were presented to Captain Markoe in the month of September, and it has, therefore, been thought possible that General Washing- ton remembered the thirteen stripes on this flag as seen by him while borne by the Troop, which accompanied him June 21st, 1775, from Philadelphia to New York, en route to take command of the army in Massachusetts, and it suggested to him a similar symbol for the striped "union flag hoisted in compliment to the United Colonies," ' at Cambridge six months later, and afterwards carried into Boston by the American army upon the evacua- tion of that city by the British ; this may have been the case, but it is more probable that the suggestion was made to Washington by Colonel Joseph Reed, liis military secretary, who, as a resident of Philadelphia at this time, had doubtless many opportunities of seeing this flag carried by the Troop. "While we may fairly infer from General Washington's letter that this emblem, of union had presented itself to his mind as such, * * * * we may conclude that Colonel Reed had something to do with its preparation. This con- clusion is strengthened by the fact, that Colonel Joseph Reed was Secretary to the Com- mittee of Conference ^ sent by Congress to arrange with General Washington the details of the organization of the army, which went into being January 2nd, 1776, and, at the very time that Committee was in session at the camp in Cambridge, we find Colonel Reed having the subject of flags under consideration." 3 The flag which was raised at Cambridge, bore upon its field the thirteen stripes in red and white as now found on the national standard, its union being the combined cross of St. George and the saltier of St. Andrew, as on the British merchant flag of the time. The substitution of the union of white stars in a blue field was ordered by a Resolution of Con- gress passed June 14th, 1777. This standard was carried by the Troop on all important parades until about the year 1830, when its condition, owing to age, and the consequent risk of its exposure, prevented its use in service. It has, however, usually been displayed at the anniversary dinners and other entertainments of the Company. In the year 1872, it being thought desirable that it should no longer be handled, the Troop had niade a very handsome frame and case for its safe keeping. The frame is of black walnut in the form of a screen, in which is set the case, made of two plates of plate glass between which the flag is placed. On either side and below the case, on one face of the frame, are attached the three sections of the staff. In the orna- mental head of the frame is a small semi-circular opening faced on either side with glass, which contains the spear-head and tassels. In the construction of the armory (1874) a fire-proof safe was built for the special purpose of containing this frame, in which are also to be found the original bills referred to above. I Letter from General Washington to Joseph Kecd, January 4th, 1776.— Sparks. 1 This Committee of Conference was composed of Dr. Franklin, Mr. Lynch and Mr. Harrison. 3 The History of the National Flag of the United States of America by Scnuyler Hamilton, Capt. by Bri t, U.S. A., 1853. 123 In the Military Magazine for the year 1S39, appeared a very accurate colored engraving of a Trooper of that day, and also one representing the flag, to which were attached the following lines by A. McMakin : Fame and Liberty. ' " No trophy doth the earth conceal. To Freeman's soul more truly dear, No conquest of the ensanguined steel, A Freeman's heart like this can cheer; ' For these '.ue strive,' each burnished sword With ardor struggles to be free. And in the foremost ranks would guard Our spotless Fame and Liberty. Unfold the banner to the light, And let its blazonry appear, Unmarred by black oppression's night, Unshaken still by craven fear; 'For these '^ue strive,' a potent charm To conjure forth the brave and free. To warm the heart and nerve the arm That strikes for Fame and Liberty ! ' For these -cue strive,' what brighter name Can man achieve or beauty see, Than Worth to share his country's Fatne, Ot perish for her liberty! Behold its gleam along the sky, A seal of hope a promise given That 'neath its folds who justly die, Shall win a recompense in Heaven." THE STANDARD OF 1797. This Standard was presented to tlie Troop by Mrs. Elizabeth Powel in the year 1797, with the following letter: " Mrs. Powel's respectful Compliments to Captain Dunlap and the Gentlemen of the First City Troop of Cavalry. She has the pleasure to present to them a Standard which she begs their acceptance of, as an Evidence of her confidence in their Valour and Patriotism. The Honour intended her by those Gentlemen of waiting on her as a Corps she begs leave to decline, but she will be always happy to receive them individually as fellow citizens. Patriots, and Gentlemen. The Timidity natural to her Sex, existing Circumstances, and her period of Life will, she trusts, plead her Apology for declining an Honour that under other Circumstances would have been most flattering to her. PhiladS, March i6th, 1797." 124 Elizabeth Powel was a daughter of Charles Willing, merchant, Third Street and Willing's Alley, and her sister Margaret was the wife of Robert Hare, one of the founders of the Troop. She was the widow of Samuel Powel, the last Mayor of Philadelphia under the government of the Proprietors, (i 775), and the first Mayor elected under the new charter of the city, (1789); he was a devoted patriot and an intimate friend of Washington, and died of yellow fever in the year 1 793. Mrs. Powel held a leading position in the society of her day, was on terms of the closest friendship with General and Mrs. Washington ; and Franklin, La Fayette and other great men of the Revolution were frequent guests of her houfe ; she died in the year 1830 at the advanced age of eighty-seven years. The material of which this flag is made is a fine satin, originally probably of a bright blue color, but now pale from age and exposure. It is thirty inches in length and twenty-eight and one-half inches in width, formed of two pieces strongly sewed together at the edge, and surrounded on three sides by a heavy twisted and knotted silk fringe six inches in breadth; the fourth side is looped or folded into a pocket its entire length to receive the flag staff, which is of dark wood, one inch in diameter and nine and one-half feet in length, made in two parts hinged together, and made firm and unbroken when required, by a sliding ferrule. The staff is surmounted by a spear head and socket of solid silver, the two taken together being ten inches in length ; the spear head is of carved open work, in which is seen an eagle holding a cavalry sabre. The device on this flag is shown on both sides, one of which is the exact reverse of the other, and consists of an eagle with out -spread wings painted in gold, shaded with purple and red ; the head turned toward the left shoulder, is, with the neck, colored black, the mouth open as though screeching, the tongue red and beak white, a floating scroll depends from the lower beak, one-half below, and the other half floating above the head, on wbich are inscribed the words in gold, ' ' AD ASTRA. ' ' The eagle is twenty-eight inches from tip to tip of wings, and ten inches from lower claw to top of head. The right half of the breast is concealed by a shield of two out-curving sides, meeting in a single point below, the top being formed of two re-entering curves ; it is five inches in its greatest height and width, and bears upon it the arms of the State of Pennsylvania painted in J>roper colors with great beauty and finish, and is supported by the right claw of the eagle clasping it by the upper right half; the left claw projects forward and to the left, and grasps four arrow-pointed zigzag thunder bolts, extending to the right and left of the body. The head is surrounded by five golden radiating palmated halos, averaging three and one-half inches in length ; above these and sprinkled through the field, are fifteeni eight-pointed silver stars of seven-eighths of an inch diameter, extending from tip to tip of wings ; the whole character of the work evidences the hand of an artist. The flag is in a very perfect state of preservation, notwithstanding its age. It was in service in the Northampton expedition and in the Mount Bull Campaign, and is still carried on all important parades of the Troop. I The flag of the United States bore fifteen stars and fifteen stripes from May ist, 1795, to July 4th, 1818. Armory Built 1874. Meeting Places and Armories. Before the spring of the year 1779, the records of the Troop fail to show where its meetings, either for business or pleasure, were held, but it is probable that they usually occurred at the City Tavern on the West side of Second Street, North of Walnut Street, otherwise known as "the old coffee house," and at that time kept by Edward Moyston. This tavern was the head-quarters between the years 1779 and 1787, and it was here that the dinner was given to Washington ; during these years the Troop occasionally met at the public house of William Ogden, at the Middle Ferry on the Schuylkill. This house was situated on the North side of Market Street about fifty yards East of the river on the site now occupied by the railroad approach to the present Market Street bridge, and was torn down about 1804, at the time of the erection of the bridge which took the place of the floating bridge and rope ferry at that point. In the year 1794 meetings were held at " Richardet's," (Louth Hall), No. 25 North Tenth Street, and in the succeeding three years this house, "Moyston's" and " Ogden's" were the principal places where the Troop assembled for business. In the spring of 1 798 is found the first mention in the Troop Minutes of a meeting at the " castle," on the grounds of the State in Schuylkill, then near the western end of the present Girard Avenue bridge, but the intimate relations between the members of the Schuylkill Fishing Company and the Troop, and the fact that so many were of both organizations, sustain the tradition that in the previous twenty-three years the " old fish house" was very frequently a place of meeting. In this same year meetings for business and for exercise in drilling were held at Thomas Swann's Manege, a riding school then on the North side of what is now Sansom Street East of Ninth Street. Thomas Swann, in several letters which he wrote about this time, informed the members of the Troop that he had engaged an " English Light Dragoon, per- fect master of the Broad Sword," that he proposed uniting military instruction in horseman- ship with the use of the sword and that he would engage to train men and horses in eight 126 weeks so that they would form " the most perfect Corps in the Union," the drilling to take place " either at your parade or my premises." On the twelfth of July, the Troop entered into an agreement with Swann to be instructed in the use of the broad sword, and in light cavalry manoeuvers, "at their Parade in Chestnut Street three times a week, viz: on Tues- days, Thursdays and Fridays, from the hours of five to seven in the morning. * * On those days when the weather will not permit the exercise on the Parade, the same shall take place at the Manege of the said Thomas Swann." * * * Where this " Parade" of the Troop referred to in the above extract was, cannot now be ascertained; it must have been at least partly under roof, for we find that the Troop paid (June 1 798) for " 86 loads Tan and 4 loads Loam," and a carpenter's bill " for altering Leaping posts and putting up a piece of Fence. ' ' Between the years 1801 and 1805, meetings were held at " Fouquett's," North Tenth Street near Cherry Street; at "Ogden's," moved from the Schuylkill to No. 86 Chestnut Street; at "Hardy's," No. 98 High (now Market) Street, and at the old Coffee House on Second Street. From 1805 to 1808 the Troop met at " Peter Evans'," No. 138 South Front Street; at the Mansion House Hotel, " Renshaw's," corner of Third and Spruce Streets; at the Coffee House; at the Captain's quarters, (Captain Wharton), No. 135 South Third Street, South of Spruce Street, and at a public house " near the permanent Schuylkill bridge," kept by Peter Evans after he had left Front Street. This tavern, at that time at the Northeast corner of Schuylkill Front and High Streets, was a large three story brick building, approached by a high flight of stone steps with a large stable and yard in the rear, under which ran a small stream emptying into the river near the present line of Race Street. The house is now near the corner of Twenty-second and Market Streets, and is used for a furniture factory. In the years 1S08 to 1810, the head-quarters of the Troop were at the Shakespeare Hotel, Northwest corner of Sixth and Chestnut Street, kept by David Burnum, (an active member of the Troop from 1809 to 181 2), and weekly foot drills were held every Tuesday evening during the winter months "in the long room" in this hotel. The building was destroyed by fire at the time of the burning of the Chestnut Street Theatre in 1820. The mounted drills in inclement weather were held during the years 1809 to 1S13, at Swann's Manege, and business meetings were held at " Peter Evans'," on the Schuylkill. At other times during these years the Troop met at the Mansion House ; at " Fouquett's ;" at " David Barnum's," then at No. 242 High Street, (Market west of Seventh), and at Nice's, No. 19 South Seventh Street, (Northeast corner of Jayne Street.) In 1814, Peter Evans was the host at the Falstaff' Tavern at the Northwest corner of Sixth and Carpenter (now Jayne) Streets, still a public house and bearing the same name, and in the year 181 6 he moved to the Northwest corner of Seventh and Chestnut Streets; in 1818 he again moved to No. 3 Little George (now Sansom) Street, West of 127 Sixth Street, afterwards kept by his son Joseph Ogden Evans, and still a public house called the Wetherill House. The Troop appears to have followed him in these changes, and made his tavern its meeting place until the autumn of 182 1, although occasional meetings were held and dinners given at " Rubicam's," No. 18 South Sixth Street; a tavern kept by Daniel Rubicam, one of the most noted caterers of the city, whose house was much frequented by the beef-steak clubs of that day. In the latter part of the year 1821, and until the end of the year 1823, the Troop met at Witmer's Hotel, No. 244 Market Street, West of Seventh Street; this house was kept by Henry Witmer, who was an active member of the Troop from 1814 to 1835, *"o°o remained on mortgage, and the rest was raised by subscriptions to the loan, as follows : From Active members : M. Edward Rogers, Edwin L. Reakirt, Robert E. Randall, John W. Grigg, John A. Brown, Jr., Andrew C. Cattell, Joseph P. Wood, Henry Ashhurst, William C. Baker, A. Charles Barclay, Oliver W. Barnes, Francis Barton, George E. Benson, William H. Canby, $250, 150. 100, 35°. 5°°. 250. 150. 100, 250. 100, 250, 250. 100, 100, Augustus M. Conover, $100, O. Wilson Davis, 500, Harrison T. De Silver, 2,500, Francis E. Felton, 150, Alexander Hemsley, 150, R. Patterson Kane, 100, Frederick Klett, Jr. , 500, Richard S. Mason, 100, Wm. Hall Mercer, 100, Gilbert H. Newhall, 100, E. Whitehead Smith, 100, William D. Smith, 500, Joseph F. Tobias, 250, Edward S. Whelen, Jr. , 400, Theodore Wright, 50. 130 From Non-active members : Henry P. Borie, ^250, William H. Stewart, 250, From Honorary members : William H. Hart, $250, Moses Thomas, . 100, Charles Macalester, 250, George Cadwalader, 500, Thomas Smith, 500, William Camac, 150, From ex-members : Edward M. Hopkins, $2$°, William Stevenson, 150, From citizens : Henry B. Benners, ;gioo, T. Wharton Fisher, William D. Lewis, Jr. David B. Birney, William H. Potter, John Borthwick, Horace Y. Evans, M. George T. Lewis, Robert H. Gratz, John Gibson, ;gioo. ?5o. 250, 2S0> 100, 5°- gioo, 250. ;?ioo, and a contribution from Elisha J. Lewis, M. D., of one hundred dollars in cash, and from William C. Baker, a bill of gas-fixtures, amounting to two hundred and fifty dollars. In the autumn of 1864, Harrison T. De Silver, the largest holder of the armory loan, addressed a letter to the other holders, offering to surrender his certificates and asking their co-operation ; with the assistance of Treasurer Baker he succeeded in inducing the holders of gi 1,200 of the bonds, to present their certificates as gifts to the Troop. The certificates which had been issued to O. W. Barnes, O. W. Davis, F. E. Felton, D. B. Birney and W. Stevenson, amounting to ^1,300, had been transferred to other parties, and were purchased by the Company for ^1,150. The Troop found itself, on November 17th, 1864, relieved of all indebtedness other than the original mortgage. On August 24th, 1869, John W. Grigg died, bequeathing to the Troop the munifi- cent legacy of ten thousand dollars ; this sum, less the United States succession tax (the legislature of Pennsylvania remitting the collateral inheritance tax), was promptly paid by his executors, and was set apart by the Troop as a nucleus of an armory fund. Having obtained this money, the idea of enlarging the armory, which had been found too small for the purposes of the Company, took more definite shape, and in February of the following year, M. Edward Rogers, Fairman Rogers and Frederick W. Fotterall, were constituted a committee " to obtain estimates for making extensions or repairs to the present armory or for erecting a new one." In June following, the committee submitted plans for the exten- sion of the building to the street line, at an estimated cost of g 18,000, and another com- 131 mittee was appointed — A. Loudon Snowden, Joseph R. Wilkins, Jr., Harrison T. De Silver, Jos. Lapsley Wilson and Gilbert H. Newhall — to obtain subscriptions from the members with a view of carrying out the proposed extension. While this committee was engaged in its labors, having secured subscriptions amounting to several thousand dollars, one of its members, Harrison T. De Silver, died September loth, 1870, and by his will added to his many generous actions in life a bequest to the Troop of ten thousand dollars, but being sub- ject to a life interest therein, could not be made available as an addition to the armory-fund. The vacancy in the committee caused by the death of Mr. De Silver was filled by the appoint- ment of Joseph F. Tobias. In the autumn of 1872, the question of the proper manner of celebrating the one hun- dredth anniversary, having been for some time previously agitated, and the amount of the- subscriptions to carry out the original plan of the extension of the armory not being suffi- cient for this purpose, it was deemed best to discharge the old committee, and to appoint another with increased power. The new committee was appointed and instructed "to devise and submit plans, collect funds and in general to devise ways and means for the appropriate celebration of the Company's approaching Centennial," and consisted of the following non-active, active, and honorary members : M. Edward Rogers, George Cadwalader, Thomas Smith, J. Francis Maher, Robert E. Randall, A. Loudon Snowden, Henry P. Borie, John A. Brown, Jr., Joseph F. Tobias, William C. Baker, James J. Macdowell, John Hockley, Jr., Frederick W. Fotterall, Myer Asch, and George Zinn. Mr. Borie subsequently declining, Rudolph Ellis was appointed in his stead. This committee was designated the " Centennial Committee," and on December ist, 1873, presented a report to the Troop, among other things advising the extension of the armory by the erection on Twenty-first Street of a building to conform with certain draw- ings which had been prepared by Messrs. Furness and Hewitt, Architects. The report was accepted by the Company and the committee was instructed to solicit subscriptions and proceed with the work. The members of the Troop and many of their friends generously responding to the call for money, the contract for the building was awarded to Messrs. Williams and McNichol, and the work was begun in the following spring ; the Troop having rented the skating rink at Twenty-third and Chestnut Streets, established itself there in May 1874, and used the building as a temporary armory during the following six months. On the fourth of July the corner-stone of the armory was laid, and on the fifteenth of November the building was occupied. The next evening the armory was formally opened by a reception given to the friends of the members, and on Tuesday, November 17th, 1874, the armory "built in commemoration of the one hundredth anniversary of the Troop," was dedicated. The building covers the entire area of the lot of ground, sixty-six feet wide and one hundred and eighty-eight feet long, facing on Twenty-first Street, and with a small street on 132 the north and west sides. The walls of the front portion of the building are of Leiper stone in rounded courses in the first story, and above of pressed brick with heavy cornices in the shape of a battlement, rising in one corner resembling a low tower. The riding-hall is on the ground and measures 63 feet by 166 feet, and is 18 feet high to the spring of the roof- beams; it has a large door on each of the three streets and is lighted by a sky-light running along the peak of the roof, and by windows on three sides ; it is also provided with five hanging circles of gas-jets. In one corner of the ground, is a platform 25 feet by 20 feet, for the accommodation of spectators, and the other corner is occupied by the staircase, kitchen and wash-room. The second floor partly overhangs the riding-hall, and is supported by a Howe truss ; on this floor is a room 50 feet by 32 feet, used as a meeting-room and for the anniversary dinners of the Company, to which is attached a pantry ; the meeting- room is lighted by two large casement windows and three handsome chandeliers and con- tains a fire-proof safe, built in the southern wall, for the purpose of receiving the Revolutionary Standard ; from this room access is gained to a balcony overlooking the riding-hall ; the pantry is fitted up with china and linen closets and with a sink , and opening into it is a fire-proof room for the keeping of papers, which projects beyond the face of the outer wall in the form of a bay. Immediately above this is another fire-proof, opening into the saddle- room and used for the storage of ammunition. On the third floor is a private room for the officers; also a barrack-room with closets for the uniforms of each member, a room well appointed with camphor chests, tables, shelving, etc., for the receipt and disbursement of quarter-master stores, and a store-room for camp equipage ; in this latter room is the upper- most opening of an elevator which runs from the top to the bottom of the building with other openings into the riding-hall, the kitchen, the pantry and the saddle-room. Under the stair-case and adjoining the riding-hall is a fire pump with hose long enough to carry a stream of water to any part of the building. A large target is secured to the wall at the western end of the riding-hall ; it has a gas-light reflector above it, and by an arrangement of gas brackets at the eastern end of the building, a rifle range of fifty-five yards is obtained along the southern wall. The cost of the extension and improvement of the armory was about thirty thousand dollars, which sum was obtained from the following sources : from the accumulation of the John W. Grigg legacy, $11,195.25 ; from contributions — by active members of the Troop, $5,900; by non-resident members, $625; by non-active members, $2,350; by honorary members, $3,745; by ex-members, $250; and by citizens, friends of the Troop, $2,550; An additional amount of $3,930 was obtained by paying off the mortgage of $5,000, which was then on the building, and creating a new mortgage for $8,930 to the trustees of the estate of Harrison T. De Silver. The principal of this mortgage represents the legacy of Mr. De Silver, less the collateral inheritance tax and an abatement which it, in common with •33 other bequests of Mr. De Silver suffered. By this means the life tenan will be paid her income, and by her death the mortgage will be paid off. In addition to their subscript ions to the building-fund the members raised among them- selves a sum of about twenty-five hundred dollars, which was expended ir the purchase of a large dinner-service of china-ware , of carpets, and of general furniture. Many gifts of other articles of furniture were received from generous friends of the Troop, among which gifts are most prominent : — an iron target, fourteen feet wide and sixteen feet high , from Dr. George Bailey ; a chandelier in imitation of ancient armor, from Messrs. James E . Caldwell & Co.; plaster casts of the Captain James' monument trophies, from William Struthers, Esq.; a mounted elk's head and antlers, from Frank H. Clark, Esq. and Messrs. Smith & Campion, and a large punch-bowl decorated with Troop coat-of-arms, from Messrs. Steele Brothers. The following were the contributions received on account of the armory fund : From active members : M. Edward Rogers, J5250. L. Taylor Dickson, ^100, J. Francis Maker, 100, William H. Gaw, 100, Robert E. Randall, ' 250, Edw. Burd Grubb, Soo> A. Louden Snowden, 250. Thomas Hockley, 100, Francis F. Maury, M. D., 100, J. Aubrey Jones, 250, Jos. Lapsley Wilson, 250, Perot Lardner, 500. John Hockley, Jr., i5°> John C. Love, 100, Robert P. Dechert, 100, Albert L. Murphy, 100, George Zinn, 100, Walter R. Penrose, 100. William D. Gemmill, 100, John I. Rogers, 100, Myer Asch, 5°. J. West Rulon, 150, Roberts Vaux, 100, Thos. P. C. Stokes, 5°. William F. Lewis, 100, Rich'd. H. Townsend Jr., ioo, Harry P. Norris, 100, Edward Waln, Jr., 100, Jos. Wm. Bates, Jr., 100, Samuel Welsh, Jr., IOO, William B. Churchman, 100, William R. White, So°> Hugh Craig, Jr., 500, Joseph Wright, 250. From non-resident members : Peter A. Browne, S125, Henry S. Leech, $200, David C. Leech, 200, Louis Snyder, IOO. From non -active members : William T. Lowber, $100, John A. Brown, Jr., ^1,000, Henry P. Borie, 250, William C. Baker, 1,000. '34 From honorary members : William H. Hart, $50°' George Cadwalader, 500, Robert Patterson, 50 Thomas Smith, 500 Alexander Biddle, 25. Fairman Rogers, 1,000 rem ex-members : George T. Lewis, ;^ioo Osgood Welsh, 50 ■cm citizens: Dr. George Bailey, gioo John P. Bankson, 100 Beauveau Borie, 100 Neilson Brown, 200 David S. Brown & Co., 100 Simon Cameron, 100 George W. Childs, 100 James L. Claghorn, 100 J. Hinckley Clark, 5°. G. Dawson Coleman, 100, Anthony J. Drexel, 100, Edwin T. Eisenbrey, 100, Edwin L. Reakirt, J50, Joseph F. Tobias, 500, Horace Y. Evans, M. D., 20, Rudolph Ellis, 250, Frederick W. Fotterall, 250, Ralph M. Townsend, M. D., 100. John Lowber Welsh, ^100. W. Harrison Eisenbrey, Si 00, John Gibson's Son & Co. , 200, Paris Haldeman, 100, J. Alfred Kay, 100, Thomas McKean, 250, James Moore, 100, Henry M. Phillips, 100, Edward Roberts, Jr., 50, James G. Smith, 100, Thomas McI. Stewart, 50, William Struthers, 100, John Tucker, Jr., 50. The Captains Abraham Markoe. 1774 — 1776. Abraham Markoe, the first Captain of the Troop, was born in Denmark about the year 1733, came to America in early manhood, afterwards settled in Philadelphia, and died there August 28th, 1806. His family was largely interested in the sugar business, and he, with his brothers, was en- gaged in that enterprise in the Island of Santa Cruz, West Indies, trading between that place and this country. Upon the association of the twenty-eight gentlemen who founded the Light Horse, on the evening of November 17th, 1774, he was chosen Captain. As the records of Captain Markoe's family give no indication that he had ever held any military position in the land of his birth or in that of his adoption, it is probable that the rank of Captain had been pressed upon him, rather as a compliment to the activity and energy he no doubt displayed in organizing, and possibly originating, this Troop of horse, than by reason of any military knowledge he possessed. If Captain Markoe was the creator of this Corps, he called into existence a body of men who, with their successors, have done honor to his name for a century, and he has the distinction of having organized the first purely volunteer military association which this country had ever seen. As a gentleman of means and position, he was enabled to gather around him the best men of his day, and the "Troop of light horse" thus began its career, with a reputation for honor and bravery, which, through its long life, it has never lost, and which has kept it ever above reproach. Captain Markoe appears, from the very meagre records of those early years of the Troop, to have been in command of the Company until the spring of the year 1776, when the news of the issuing of the neutrality edict of Christian VII of Denmark, dated October 4th, 1 775, reached America. In view of the penalty of the violation of this edict, which was the confiscation of his property in the Danish possessions, and the consequent embarrassment of his family in the Islands, he was compelled to withdraw from open participation in the then existing war, and resigning his position as Captain, he was placed upon the Honorary Roll of the Troop. During the years 1777-8, Captain Markoe resided at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and from Christopher Marshall's Remembrancer ^^ learn, that he was present at the Battle of Brandy- 136 wine, and, that on the day of the evacuation of Philadelphia by the British, " he, being upon the lines, entered the city," although it is not mentioned in either of these instances whether he acted as a soldier or citizen, but it is fair to presume that a man of his impetu- osity and bravery (his family records in many instances show that he possessed both charac- teristics), could not stand an idle spectator of scenes in which he took so great an interest, and that he assisted by all honorable means in his power the defeat of the enemy; and many business letters, still in existence, directed to him from various members of his family in the West Indies, urging his immediate visit to those islands at this time on pressing matters of importance to himself, were evidently disregarded, as he did not visit Santa Cruz for several years after these occurences. Sometime in the summer of 1775, he had made, and presented to the Troop, the standard, of which more particular mention is made elsewhere in this book, and which is now its most cherished heirloom. Captain Markoe married in early life, Elizabeth Kenny, who died, leaving one son, Abraham, who, after passing most of his life in Santa Cruz, went to Denmark and there re- sided until his death. He again married, December 22nd, 1773, Betsy Baynton, by whom he had several children. Many of his descendants and family connections have been mem- bers of the Troop, and in the fifth generation he is still there represented. He was the owner of large blocks of ground in the city of Philadelphia, notably of the one on which was erected the building intended for the Executive Mansion of the Presi- dent of the United States, which was (1800) sold to the University of Pennsylvania, and on which is now (1874) being built the United States Courts and Post Office. The likeness of Captain Markoe is a copy of the oil painting now in possession of the Troop, which was presented by his grand-daughter, Mrs. George W. Chapman. Samuel Morris. 1776 — 1786. Samuel Morris, the second Captain of the Troop, the son of Anthony and Sarah Morris, and grandson of Anthony ana Phoebe Morris, was born in Philadelphia the 24th of June, 1734. Of his education but little is known, he was, however, apprenticed in early life to Isaac Greenleaf as a merchant, but appears never to have been actively engaged in business, devoting rather his time and services to the legislative duties of his native city. Thoroughly imbued with all the feelings of the sportsman, which his English origin, and the attractive natural surroundings of his home, of wood and stream, could not fail to produce. Captain Morris entered heartily into the amusements of all associations devoted to manly exercises, and the sports of the field. He was one of the founders of the Schuylkill Company of ' ' Fort St. David," in the year 1753, and continued a member of this society during the forty years of its existence. He became a member, inthe year 1754, of the now venerable Schuylkill 137 Company of the "State in Schuylkill," and on October nth, 1766, was elected Governor of that institution, and held this position by unanimous yearly re-election to the day of his death, a period of forty-six years. Here, as at all other places and times, was he distin- guished for cheerfulness of disposition, courtesy and dignity of deportment and great kind- ness of heart; and at all meetings of the old " Fish House," is "the memory of our late worthy Governor Morris" drank after "the memory of Washington." Upon the organization of the Gloucester Fox Hunting Club, in the year 1 766, Captain Morris was chosen President, and continued in that office until his death ; he was always spoken of as a bold and fearless horseman, and until prevented by the infirmities of age, was an active participant in all the hunts of the Club. When no longer able to join the parties on horseback, he frequently made his appearance on the field in the midst of his old com- panions of the Club, many of whom had been also his endeared comrades in arms, riding in a chaise ; at such times, in order to gratify their much loved chief, the hunting ground was selected where roads and clearings occasionally afforded him a chance of a view. Captain Morris was one of the twenty-eight gentlemen who associated themselves to form the Troop in the year 1774, and on the day of its organization, was elected to the position of Second Lieutenant and Adjutant. Early in the year 1776, upon the enforced retirement of Captain Markoe, he was chosen to fill the vacant position, and continued to hold the office until April nth, 1786, when he resigned and was placed on the Honorary Roll. The following is his letter of resignation : Philadelphia, April nth, 1786. " Gentlemen: This being the day appointed for a new choice of officers, I take this opportunity of returning you my sincere Thanks for the Honour you have done me for Ten years past in chusing me to the command of the Philadelphia Troop, and at the same time of Resigning my place as a member thereof, not owing to any want of Respect for the Troop, but to my bodily Infirmities which are such as to put it out of my Power, with propriety to continue any longer in your Respectable Corps. I shall ever Retain the highest Esteem for the Gen- tlemen of the Troop, and am with great Respect, Their Real Friend & very humble Serv'., Sam' Morris. To the gentlemen of the Philadelphia Troop of Light Horse." Through the entire period of the Revolution he faithfully served his country as a soldier and as a counsellor, he having been appointed a member of the Committee of Safety, June 30th, 1775, and appears to have been in constant attendance at its meetings when not in the field with his Troop. He was appointed August i6th, 1775, one of the City 138 Committee of Inspection and Observation, and was a member of the Assembly of Pennsyl- vania in 1776 and in 1781, '82, and '8^. Captain Morris being of Quaker parentage, violated the principles of the Society of Friends in taking up his sword for his country, and was in consequence disowned by them, he nevertheless continued to wear their distinctive costume and to regularly attend their places of worship. He died July 7th, 1S12, at his residence in South Second Street, and the Troop attended his funeral in citizens dress. The newpapers of that day bear witness to the esteem in which he was held by his fellow townsmen. Captain Morris married Rebecca Wistar, and left seven sons and two daughters, and is now represented in the Troop by two great great grandsons. The likeness is a copy of an engraving by the artist, St. Memin, a Frenchman, at that time a resident of Philadelphia. Samuel Miles. 1786 — 1791. Samuel Miles, the third Captain of the Troop, was born on the 22nd of March, 1739, probably in Philadelphia. His father and mother were both born in this country, and his grandfather and grandmother on both sides were from Radnorshire, Wales; they emigrated with William Penn on his first voyage in 1682. Captain Miles received an ordinary edu- cation, reading, writing and a superficial knowledge of figures, and assisted his brothers in their work as carpenters. In the fall of 1755, after Braddock's defeat, the inhabitants of Northampton and other frontier counties requiring protection against the Indians, several companies of militia were formed, in one of which Captain Miles entered as a volunteer. This Company was raised by Isaac Wayne, the father of General Anthony Wayne. All the troops were under the command of General Dr. Benjamin Franklin for a short period, and their time was occupied during the winter in erecting stockade forts. These troops were discharged in February, 1756. Shortly after this an act of Assembly authorized the raising of two Battalions of troops, and Captain Miles again took up the sword, joining as a Sergeant a company in command of Captain Thomas Lloyu. At John Harris' on the Susquehanna, (now Harrisburg) he was selected to attend the Commander-in-Chief, Robert Hunter Morris, Governor of the Province, as Orderly Sergeant, and was shortly after commissioned as Ensign by Governor Morris ; he was then but seventeen years of age. Captain Miles continued with this body of troops, moving from place to place and building forts, &c., until 1758. In that year the second expedition against Fort du Quesne was undertaken, and his battalion joined the British army at Carlisle, he having at this time command of his old company. ~ During the two following years he was engaged in active ser- vice against the French and Indians in the western part of Pennsylvania, and in 1 760, obtained 139 a Captain's commission. He recruited a company and was put in command of the garrison at Presque Isle on Lake Erie where he remained until December 12th, 1760, when he left with all the Pennsylvania troops, and reached Philadelphia on 26th January, 1761. Captain Miles was married February i6th, 1 761, in Philadelphia and settled in that city, engaging in the wine and dry goods business. In 1766 he was elected one of the wardens of the city, and at the end of three years was elected one of the commissioners of the city and county of Philadelphia. In 1772 he was elected a member of the General Assembly, but in 1 774 declined serving in the Legislature, and having purchased a plantation at Spring Mills, Montgomery County, retired to the country. Captain Miles took an early and active part in the opposition of the Colonies to the mother country, and his presence was considered a valuable acquisition at all meetings held in the county to oppose the arbitrary acts of Great Britain. He raised, at White Marsh, the second company of militia formed in Pennsylvania at this period, and upon the organization of these and other companies into battalions and regiments was elected Colonel. In 1775 ^^ was prevailed upon to serve in the General Assembly and Council of Safety, which he did until the spring of 1776, when he was appointed to the command of a regiment of a thousand riflemen. After being actively employed in suppressing insurrections in various parts of the country, he was finally ordered with his regiment to join the army at New York. Having been sent to Long Island to watch the movements of the Highlanders and Hessians, he was taken prisoner on the 27th of August, 1776, owing, as he himself states, to bad generalship on the part of General Sullivan, who was in command. He was a prisoner until April, 1778, when he was exchanged. While a prisoner he was appointed a brigadier-general by the Council of Safety, but failing on his return to the army to receive a command equal to his rank, retired to his farm. He subsequently held the position of deputy quarter master general, and was also one of the auditors for settling the public accounts. In 1783 he was appointed one of the Judges of the HighCourt of Errors and Appeals; in 17S7 was elected a member of the Council of Censors, and in 17S8 became a member of the Executive Council. He was elected a mem- ber of the Troop in March, 1783, and became Captain in 17S6, holding the position until 1 791, when he resigned and was placed on the Honorary Roll. In 1 789 he became an alderman of the city, and in 1 790 was elected mayor ; being elected to the mayorality a second time he declined, and in 1792 purchased the Cheltenham farm on Tacony creek and there retired from public life. His last public act was serving as an elector in the Presidential election which was held after General Washington's second term, when he and Mr. Robert Coleman, both Federalists, cast their votes for Thomas Jefferson. In 1783 he became a member of the Society of the Cincinnati. Captain Miles was a large land owner in Centre Co., Pa., and there laid out the flourishing village of Milesburgh. He died at Cheltenham, Montgomery Co., December I40 29th, 1805. In 1798 his son Samuel was elected a member of the Troop. The likeness of Captain Miles is a copy of an oil painting in possession of Mrs. M. F. McKean, Washing- ton, D. C. Christian Febiger. 1792 — 1794. Christian Febiger, the fourth Captain of the Troop, was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, in the year 1746, and held a subaltern's commission in the Danish service. In early life he came to America with his father, who had received the appointment of Governor of Santa Cruz, West Indies. Captain Febiger was engaged in trading between the Island of St. Thomas and Boston when the war of the revolution began. Upon the receipt of the news of the battle of Lexington, he sold his vessel, offered his services to the Committee of Safety in Boston, and was, April 2Sth, 1775, given a commission as Lieutenant. In the battle of Bunker Hill, 17th of June, he was in command of a portion of Gerrish's regiment with the rank of Adjutant, and did eminent service in protecting our shattered forces on their retreat towards Cambridge. He is spoken of at this time by Frothingham in his " History of the Siege of Boston," etc , as- a gallant Danish soldier who had seen service, and special mention is made of his valuable service on that occasion. In September following, having been promoted to the rank of Major, he joined the detachment of troops (iioo men) under Colonel Benedict Arnold, which set out to co-ope- rate with General Montgomery in the invasion of Canada. This little army was reduced to less than one half its original number by famine, and Gordon, in his History of Pennsylva- nia, states that it became so " destitute of provisions that some of the men ate their dogs, cartouche boxes, breeches and shoes." They arrived at Point Levy on the river St. Law- rence after a march of three hundred miles through the trackless wilderness of Maine, along the Kennebec and Chaudiere rivers. " It was an effort in the cause of freedom worthy of its divine character, and the men who thus perilled life and endured pain * * * deserve the highest praise from the hearts and lips of posterity." ' On November, 1775, they attempted the capture of Quebec by an assault, but failing, they retired a short distance down the river and awaited the arrival of General Montgomery. With his command (in all a force of less than 800 men) they again attacked the town, December 31st, when, Montgomery having been killed and Arnold wounded, they were repulsed, and Febiger, with the majority of the command, was taken prisoner and kept in close confinement. He was released on the loth of August, 1776 and sailed from Quebec in the Pearl frigate, reaching New York on the nth of September and thence proceeded to Philadelphia. In the history of this campaign by Judge Henry, of Lancaster, who was with the expedition, r Lossing. — Field Book of the Revolution. 141 in the criticism of the conduct of Arnold and the other officers in the first attack on Quebec, Fcbiger is spoken of as "a. real and well instructed soldier and an engineer." On the i6.th of November, 1776, he was appointed Lieutenant Colonel, and placed in command of the 2nd Regnnent, Virginia Line, at Williamsburg, Long Island. He par- ticipated in the battles around New York city, and was in the rear guard which covered the army in its subsequent retreat through New Jersey. He took part in the engagements at Trenton and vicinity in the early part of the year 1777, and in the autumn was rn command of his regiment at the battle of the Brandywine, and other engagements in that neighbor- hood. He was with the army in the memorable encampment at Valley Forge from January to March, 1778, and afterwards, in June of the same year, at the battle of Monmouth, "N. J., commanded 1700 men and four pieces of artillery. In the winter of 1778-9 he w^as in quarters at Middle Brook, N. J., from whence he marched to the Hudson and encamped near Fort Montgomery in May. One of the most memorable events in the life of Captain Febiger was his presence at the brilliant assault and capture of Stony Point, July i6th, 1779. He was in command of all the Virginia troops engaged, having charge of the right wing on that occasion, from which were selected the front platoon of the forlorn hope, and the front of the vanguard. In a characteristic letter to his wife, dated Fort Wayne, Stony Point, July i6th, 1779, he says: "My dear Girl, — I have just borrowed pen, ink and paper, to inform you that yester- day we marched from Fort Montgomery, and at 12 o'clock last night we stormed this con- founded place, and with about 14 killed and 40 or 50 wounded we carried it. I can give you no particulars as yet. A mosquoet ball scraped my nose, no other damage to old Den- mark. God bless you. Farewell, Febiger." And in a subsequent letter, giving the details of the engagement, he says, " the bravery of our men soon overcame all dangers, and about one o'clock we were in full possession of the Fort, when I had the pleasure of taking Col. Johnson, who commanded, myself, and ordered him to his tent. ' ' After two years passed in various camp, recruiting and post duties, he was present at the capture of Lord Cornwallis at Yorktown, Virginia. After the surrender he was in garrison at Cumberland Old Court House until May 2nd, 1782, and continued in the army as Colonel of the 2nd Virginia regiment until the end of the war, when he settled in Phila- delphia. In a letter to his brother-in-law, Colonel O'Hara, he says, -''Congress were pleased to confer on me the rank of Brigadier-General, however this title I have never, nor don't wish to make use of, as that of Colonel in this country is familiar and agrees tnuch better with a merchant." On the 24th of April, 1786, he was elected a member of the Troop, and was chosen Captain in 1792. On the 5th of April, 1794, he sent to the Com- 142 pany the following letter of resignation, which for reasons therein stated, was accepted and his name placed upon the Honorary Roll : "To the Officers & Members of the old City Troop, Gentlemen: — ■ When just preparing to meet you at Mr. Richardetts, I am call'd to attend a piece of public business This gives me much Concern, Butt Gentlemen not to be compar'd with other Emotions that have lately agitated my Breast in a relative Situation with you. I have been a Soldier, risen to Rank, and perhaps some Reputation. the highest honor conferr'd on me, was I conceive the first Information I recev'd from our late venerable & worthy Captain of my being unanimously elected a member of the truly hon'ble old City Troop. Here I became more intimately acquainted with Gentlemen whom I, during the War, had been in the Habit of respecting in their private Characters. Butt how much more exalted is the Idea, when I view them as Patriots. I will venture to say, and with Truth, that it was the first Corps in the World, that establish'd itself on the same Principles & the noblest of all Purposes that ever engag'd the Warrior's Arm. Men of Wealth quitt the Lap of Fortune, resign'd domestick Peace and Happiness became the Champions of their Country, its Liberties and their Posterity, they satt an ex- ample to the vigorous Youth now of that Corps, worthy of Imitation. Gentlemen, I grant you are at present a little derang'd. Butt appoint your Officers, assist them in the Execution of their Duty and all will yett be right. There are Gentlemen among you perfectly equal to the Task ; from the foregoing Considerations, you must be con- vinc'd I feel Pain inexpressible in informing you, that owing to my miserable State of Health I can be of no Service either as an Officer or a Private, I must with Sorrow bury the old Soldier and bid you Adieu as an active Member, with your Permission I beg one Boon. Should our Dearest Country ever again demand our Services and my Health allow it, lett me join your Ranks fully equipp'd as I shall allways keep myself You can & I trust will easier feel than I can express with how much Respect & Esteem I am, Gentlemen, Your most obedient Friend & humble Serv't, Christian Febiger. " Captain Febiger's name was always pronounced as though spelled Fcebeker, but in the army he was invariably called " Old Denmark." This statement was made to the family by La Fayette, when their guest on his visit to Cincinnati in 1S24. By appointment of the Supreme Executive Council he held the office of Auctioneer for the Northern Liberties from November, 1787, to March, 1789, and from November, 1789, by successive yearly appoint- ments of the Legislature, the office of Treasurer of the Commonwealth until his death. 143 Captain Febiger married in the year 1778, Elizabeth, daughter of William Carson, keeper of the "Harp & Crown," Third Street and Elbow Lane, a well known and much respected citizen who filled several positions by appointment of the Council of Safety during the War of the Revolution, and whose son, Dr. John Carson, was afterwards Surgeon of the Troop; he died September 20th, 1796, in the fiftieth year of his age. Captain Febiger was one of the original members of the Society of the Cincinnati, and was an original subscriber to the first Chestnut Street Theatre, and many other enterprises of his day. The likeness is a copy of a miniature oil painting in possession of his family. John Dunlap. 1794 — 1S03. John Dunlap, the fifth Captain of the Troop, was born in Strabane, County Tyrone, Ireland, in 1747. His family emigrated to America when he was but eight or nine years of age, and settled in Philadelphia. At the age of eighteen, having served an apprenticeship of about ten years with his uncle William Dunlap, printer and publisher, of this city, who was about this time admitted to orders in the Church of England and went to Virginia, he assumed his business, and in November, 1771, issued in Philadelphia the first number of " The Pennsylvania Packet or General Advertiser." From September, 1777, to July, 1778, while the British were in possession of Philadelphia, his newspaper, devoted to the cause of .the Colonies against the mother coimtry, was published at Lancaster. Captain Dunlap was elected printer to the Convention which met at Philadelphia before the Revolution, and continued to hold that position after the permanent establishment of Congress. While in that capacity he had the high distinction of first publishing the Declaration of Independence. Captain Dunlap has the honor of having been one of the original members of the " First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry," at its formation in 1774. He was elected to the post of Cornet in 1775, and to that of First Lieutenant in 1781, and served with distinction in all the actions in which the Troop was engaged. Having twice declined the position of Captain in favor of those who had held higher positions during the Revolutionary War, he finally was induced to accept the post on the 1 2th of April, 1 794, although a higher military rank in another organization was offered him at the time, thus showing his preference and love for the Troop. In the "Whiskey Insurrection" of 1794, the command of all the cavalry was given to Captain Dunlap, who held the rank and title of Major during the campaign. He was noted on this expedition not only for his strict adherence to discipline and duty as a soldier, but for his kindness and humanity as a man. Upon the return of the military he re-assumed his position as Captain, and held the post until June .50th, 1803, when, after good service in the Troop for twenty-nine years, he resigned, and was placed upon the Honorary Roll. 144 By his talents and industry he amassed a large fortune. He purchased from the State of Virginia 98,000 acres of land, in what is now the State of Kentucky, and owned the land on which the town of Utica, Indiana, is now built; in the city of Philadelphia he owned the square of ground between Market and Chestnut, and Eleventh and Twelfth Streets, now part of the Girard estate, and the greater part of the ground on the north side of Chestnut Street between Twelfth and Thirteenth Streets. He was a member of the Common Council of the city between the years 17S9— 92. Captain Dunlap was married in 1772 at Christ Church, Philadelphia, to Elizabeth Allison, {nee Hayes), widow of Captain Allison, of England. She came to this country in 1771 with her father from Liverpool. Captain Dunlap died on the 27th of November, 181 2, in the sixty-sixth year of his age, and was buried with the honors of war at Christ Church burying ground, Fifth and Arch Streets. The likeness of Captain Dunlap is a copy of an oil painting by Rembrandt Peale in possession of Captain Dunlap's grandson, John D. Bleight, Esq. Robert Wharton. 1S03 — 181 1. Robert Wharton, the sixth Captain of the Troop, was born in the old District of South- wark, Philadelphia, January 12th, 1757, in the Wharton mansion, which was situated in the country near the site of the present (1874) Navy Yard, and which became so noted as the scene of the " Meschianza," during the occupation of the city by the British in 1778. His father, Joseph AVharton, was born in Philadelphia in 1707, and was the son of Thomas Wharton, of Westmoreland, England, and Rachel, his wife, of Monmouthshire, Wales. Captain Wharton was in early life apprenticed to his uncle. Carpenter Wharton, hatter, but does not appear to have been as attentive to his trade as he was to the indulgence of his fondness for the sports of the chase and field. He was an active member of the famous Gloucester Fox Hunting Club, and had been for many years its President when in 1S28 the club was dissolved. Captain Wharton also joined the old Schuylkill Fishing Company in 1790, and became its Governor in 181 2, which position he held for sixteen years resigning at last only when the infirmities of age prevented him from attending to the duties of the office; in both of the above clubs he succeeded Captain Morris as their presiding officer. Captain Wharton was elected a member of the Troop on the 19th of June, 179S, and shortly afterwards, having obtained permission from the Company to temporarily withdraw, he organized and was appointed Captain of "The Volunteer Troop of Light Dragoons." When this company was disbanded, in iSoi, he was re-admitted to his membership in the Troop, and became Captain on the 15th of August, 1803, without having served in any of the intermediate grades. During his captaincy, October 17th, 1818, by the requirments of the Militia Laws of Pennsylvania, the Troop chose to be attached to the soth Regiment, 145 but subsequently the six troops of horse of the city and county of Philadelphia having united and formed a regiment of cavalry, he was elected Colonel, June 14th, 18 10, and thereupon placed upon the Honorary Roll of the Troop. In iSi I Colonel Wharton was elected Brigadier General of the ist Brigade, ist Division Pennsylvania Militia which position he held but for a short time, as the law was changed shortly afterward, making the position of a general officer one of appointment instead of election, and by reason of a difference in politics he was deposed by the Governor. In the " Mount Bull Campaign," when the Troop went into active service in August, 1814, Captain Wharton, although fifty-seven years of age, volunteered, and as. a private soldier served in the field under Captain Ross (his former Lieutenant). In October of the same year a Committee of Councils of Philadelphia, which had been appointed to wait upon him and inform him of his recent election for the sixth time as Mayor of the city, found him in camp taking his turn as company cook, and only upon their earnest solicitation was he induced to accept his discharge and return to Philadelphia. The honorable post of Chief Magistrate of the city was held by him fifteen times between the years 1798 and 1S24, and he was a member of the City Councils from 1792 to 1795. Captain Wliarton married Sarah Chancellor, and died in the year 1834. He had but one child, a son, who died before his father. The likeness of Captain Wharton is a copy of a lithograph in the " Memoir of the Schuylkill Fishing Company." Charles Ross. 181 i — 18 17. Charles Ross, the seventh Captain of the Troop, was born on October sth, 1772, at "the Grange," the country seat of his father, John Ross, in Delaware County, Pennsyl- vania. He was of Scotch descent, his grandfather being a native of Scotland, and an officer in the British army, who had fought in the war in the Netherlands, and subsequently under Wolff", was present at the battle of Quebec when the British standard was planted on the Heights of Abraham. In 1745 he came to this country. His son John, the father of Captain Ross was a merchant of high standing, and a large ship owner, trading in India goods. At the breaking out of the Revolution he warmly espoused the cause of American independence, and became a banker in South Carolina, being subsequently sent from that State as a delegate to Congress. Charles Ross, the subject of this sketch, became, like his father, an eminent merchant in the East India trade ; he had also made six voyages to China as supercargo, and part ship owner of the Caledonia, to repair by adventure, the once opulent but reversed fortunes of an endeared widowed mother and sisters. He joined the Troop May 12th, 1794* and 146 continued an active member until his death. He was a gentleman of great bravery and high tone, and was especially beloved by his military associates. He was one of the mem- bers under Captain Dunlap on the expedition to quell the Whiskey insurrection in Western Pennsylvania. Having passed through all the lower grades and served as Cornet and First Lieutenant, he was finally elected Captain on October i8th, iSii. He was in command of the Troop in the "Mount Bull Campaign " of 1814, and received the highest encomiums for the admirable manner in which he had conducted the campaign, and the thorough con- dition of order and discipline in which he had preserved his command, and for the efficient services he had rendered his country. Captain Ross was at the time of his death, and had been for many years an active and worthy member of the old and honorable Schuylkill Fishing Company, and presented the club on May ist, 1812, with the handsome "Ross Punch Bowl," which was ordered by him in China expressly for the " State in Schuylkill," and which has been in constant use since that date. Captain Ross possessed a manly, athletic form, rough features and a robust constitution, and was a master spirit in the Gloucester Fox Hunting Club, in which he was wont to be one of the most ardent in the chase and liveliest at the banquet. Blessed with amiability of manners, and endeared with a disinterested generosity of princi- ple, which governed his every action in life, his agreeable society was earnestly sought and fondly cherished by all. He continued as Captain of the Troop until his death, which oc- curred October Sth, 1817, from disease contracted on shipboard, occasioned by the unavoid- able use of impure water. His funeral was one of the largest both military and civil that had ever been witnessed in the city, and the members of the Troop in memory of his eminent services, and from feelings of sincere regard, erected to his memory a handsome monument, over his last resting place in the cemetery of the First Presbyterian Church, near the corner of Fourth and Pine Streets. This monument is of white marble surmounted by a bronze trophy of arms modeled and cast in Philadelphia, (a creditable instance of the early acquaintance with this branch of industry in this city,) and its four sides bear the following inscriptions: North side] This Monument is erected by the Members of the " First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry," Friends and Associates of their late Commander, Charles Ross ; of which Troop He was a member 23 years, and Captain 6 years. Consecrated by Friendship to departed worth. The virtues of the Brave and Honourable we cherish. East side] Sacred to the memory of Charles Ross. How sleep the brave who sink to rest, By all their country's wishes blest. The body decays; but the immortal Soul awaits the last trumpet's joyful sound. West side] I" Memoriam, Caroli Ross, Equitis Turmae Equitum Duels, Qui Natus est Vto Octobris MDCCLXXn Obiit Vnivo Octobris MDCCCXVII Etatis suae XLVI. South side] In the field, to the manly virtues of the soldier he joined the discipline, honour and deportment of the officer. In private life, the urbanity of the gentleman, the valuable qualities of the useful citizen, dutiful son, affectionate brother, sincere friend governed his conduct. Noble, generous, honourable, intrepid, he departed in the prime of life. It is left for us to mourn his loss, to emulate his character, and by this testimony of our affection, to show our respect for his talents and his virtues. 148 John R. C. Smith. 18 17 — 1825. Robert Smith, the father of the subject of the present sketch, having been an officer of the Troop, deserves some brief mention here; he was born in the city of New York, Novem- ber 20th, 1752, and at an early period of the War of the Revolution was elected Captain of a company of Scotchmen, and, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Aaron Burr, was in the engagements on Long Island, was wounded at White Plains and afterwards accom- panied the army under Washington in the retreat through New Jersey. He then received a commission as Major, but from ill health, induced by exposure, he was for some time com- pelled to retire from active service. In the battle of Monmouth, New Jersey, (1778), he was again engaged as a volunteer; toward the close of the war he settled in Philadelphia and joined the Troop as a private in 17S1, and rose to the rank of Second Lieutenant in 1796, which position he held until 1S03, when he resigned and was placed on the Honorary Roll. He ended a long and useful life in Philadelphia, April 15th, 1838, having served in many positions of trust and honor. John R. C. Smith was born in Philadelphia in March, 17S3, and graduated at Prince- ton College, New Jersey. Upon leaving college he entered the mercantile house of Willing and Francis, and displayed marked ability and care in conducting the business of that firm, receiving the highest praise from his employers, who sent him to Canton and Brazil upon different occasions as supercargo. Captain Smith joined the Troop May 20th, 1805, and during the "Mount Bull Campaign " of 1814, held the post of ist Sergeant and Orderly. Having risen by successive promotions, he was finally elected Captain, October 27th, 1817. On the 13th of June, 1822, a squadron of cavalry was formed by the junction of the ist and 2nd troops of horse in this city, and Captain Smith was elected Major of the same. He was much beloved for his amiable qualities and soldierlike characteristics, and the Troop, as a token of their regard, presented him witli a handsome sword, hangings, and horse equipments on the 17th of November, 1823. An unfortunate occurrence of apparent disobedience of orders on his part called for a Court Martial, and on October 28th, 1825, he was broken. His explanation of the case was that he refused to obey the orders of an officer with whose command in his opinion he was not connected. Although deprived of the command of the Troop by the action of the Court, he continued as a private until April 19th, 1826, when he was placed on the Honorary Roll. Captain Smith was Treasurer of the Troop from i8ii to 1824. Being a gentlemen of means and refined tastes, he spent the rest of his long life in the retirement of his home in this city, where he died on July ist, 1868, aged eighty-five, and was buried at the Church of St. James the Less, near the Falls of Schuylkill. Captain Smith, late in life, married Miss Maria Bell, who still survives him, (1874), and left no chil- dren. The likeness of Captain Smith is a copy of the oil painting by Sully, now in posses- sion of the Troop, which was presented by his nieces, the Misses Buck, of Philadelphia. 149 , Lynford Lardner. 1825 — 1827. The grandfather of Captain Lardner, also named Lynford Lardner, came to this coun- try from England (1740) as Receiver General to the Proprietors of Pennsylvania, was after- wards a member of the Provincial Council and died in the year 1774. His two sons, John and William were members of the Troop. John Lardner was elected in the year 1775, served with the Company during the War of the Revolution, and held the post of Cornet from 1780 until the beginning of the year 1794, when he retired. In the latter part of the same year, having gone out with the Troop on the Western expedition as a Sergeant, he was again promoted to the rank of Cornet and continued to hold this position until October 24th, 1796, when he was placed on the Honorary Roll. Five of John Lardner's sons, Lynford, Richard Penn, John, Jr., Alexander and Henry, became members between the years 181 3 and 1834, of whom Second Lieutenant Richard P. Lardner alone is living, (1874). The eldest son, Captain Lynford Lardner, the subject of this sketch, was born at his father's country seat near Philadelphia, in the year 1792. He received the rudiments of his education at Lower Dublin Academy, and graduated June ist, 181 1, at the University of Pennsylvania. He soon afterwards entered the counting house of Joseph Sims, a prominent ship owner of Philadelphia, and remained there for several years, until being of a delicate constitution and his health suffering from the confinement of the office, he went on a voyage as supercargo in one of Mr. Sims' vessels to Scotland. His health, however, was never fully established, and after his return he resided for the remainder of his life on his farm near Frankford. He was elected a member of the Troop, April 5th, 1813, served in the Mount Bull campaign, and having passed through every grade from Corporal to First Lieutenant, he was, December loth, 1825 elected Captain. He held this position until May 21st, 1827, when, at a meeting of the Company, his resignation, tendered in the following letter, was accepted, and his name placed upon the Honorary Roll : "Phila. May i8th, 1827. To the Officers & Members of the First Troop of Philada. City Cavalry, Gentlemen : I hereby tender to you my resignation as Captain and active member of the Troop. Should this appear unexpected, I can only say, that I do it with unfeigned regret, but from my residence in the country and other uncontrolable circumstances, find it unavoidable. All who know me, know how highly I have been grati- fied by your confidence, and will readily believe with what pain I leave a Corps m which I have served fourteen years, among the members of which are enrolled my most valued friends, and in whose society I have passed some of the gayest and most happy hours of my life. With ardent wishes for your prosperity & happiness I remain Gentlemen, Your most obedient Servant, Lynford Lardner." ISO At the same meeting it was ******* "Resolved, That in testimony of the high regard and esteem which we entertain for our late worthy and much respected Commander, Captain Lynford Lardner, whose urbanity, gentlemanly and officer like deportment for a long period of services has won the universal regard and esteem of the members of this Corps, we do hereby vote him a silver cup or goblet." * * * A handsome goblet with a suitable inscription was procured according to this resolution, and presented with the accompanying letter: "The Committee, appointed by the First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry, to wail upon you with the resolutions passed at a meeting of the Troop on the 21st of May last, feel that they would not be conveying the sentiments of the body, by whom they are dele- gated, if they did not at the same time express in the most heartfelt manner, the sincere regret your resignation has caused to the whole Corps lately under your command. We are also directed to present this Cup to you as a mark of the sense unanimously entertained of your services as an Officer & your conduct as a gentleman during the whole time you remained in & commanded our Troop, and we rest assured that you will cherish and preserve it as a memento of that Friendship and good-will which has ever existed between you and the First Troop Philada. City Cavalry. In common with our fellow soldiers we have great pleasure in announcing to you your election to Honorary membership, which we trust will be considered on your part, as it is on ours, a strong link still connecting us together, and a pledge that should the Public interest again require your services, we shall see you merging the citizen into the soldier, again enrolled among us, defending & protecting our Country & our Banner, and discharging your duties as a private, as faithfully and gallantly as you did those of a Commander. Philadelphia, June 27th, 1827. D. Smith McCauley, W, M. Camac, Geo. Cadwalader, Committee. ' ' Captain Lardner was twice a member of the Pennsylvania Legislature (1S20-21, and 1833-34), in one of which terms he was chairman of the Committee on Military Affairs, and served with great credit to himself and his constituents. In the year 1824 he married Elizabeth Ann, daughter of James Wilmer, merchant of Philadelphia, and had one son. He died at his country seat, and the Troop escorted the funeral procession to Oxford Church on Second Street Road, near Fox Chase, and there attended the ceremonies of his burial which took place on the 24th of June, 1S34. The portrait of Captain Lardner is a copy of a miniature oil painting in possession of his widow, Mrs. Lynford Lardner. 151 William H. Hart. 1827— 1842. William H. Hart, the tenth captain of the Troop, was born at the country residence of his father in Warminster, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, on the i6th of November, 1789. His ancestors were of English origin, and came to this country with William Penn on his first voyage. He was educated in Philadelphia, and succeeded his father as a merchant in the year 1808, remaining in business for thirty years, when he retired. Since then he has devoted much of his time to the advancement of various public institutions, and has filled many positions of trust and honor in the management of the principal corporations in the city. Captain Hart was elected a member of the Troop, June 2nd, 1813, and served with the Company in the Mount Bull campaign of 1814- After fourteen years of service in lower grades of rank he was chosen Captain, May 24th, 1827. On the sixty-third anniversary of the Troop, November 17th, 1836, the Company was entertained at the quarters of Captain Hart, and on this occasion there was presented to him " as a token of our remembrance of many days of friendly association and of our respect and admiration not less of our Captain than of our comrade," a cavalry sabre, richly decorated with military bas-reliefs in silver and bearing the motto : Contigif ex merito tibi honor. In 1838, in the trouble known as the "Buckshot War," the Troop marched to Harrisburg on the requisition of the Governor, and served th°re with the squadron of cavalry which was commanded by Captain Hart, who held the rank of Major during the emergency. Having served in the Troop twenty-nine years, Captain Hart, at the expiration of his third term of commission, declined a re-election as Captain and was placed on the Honorary Roll of the Troop September 15th, 1842. In the following year the members of the Company pre- sented him with a silver punch bowl and ladle "as a testimonial of the high regard in which he was held by all who had the pleasure to serve under him during the time he was their Captain." When the Troop was incorporated in the year 1863, Captain Hart was chosen President, and at the age of eighty-five, is still a man of wonderful health and vigor, and has never lost that interest in, and love for the Company, to which he devoted so many years of his earlier life. Captain Hart, following the example of so many of his predecessors in the Troop, became a member of the old Schuylkill Fishing Company, October 2nd, 1822; in the year 1838 he was elected Governor of the Company, and held that office for twelve years, when he declined a re-election, but still retains his position on the list of active members. He was married in 1818 to Matilda, daughter of John Maybin, Esq., who died in 1S32, leaving two children; he was again married in 1840 to Mary, daughter of Jacob Sperry, (a member of the Troop from 1798 to 1810), who died in 1874 without issue. In the present generation of Troopers, Captain Hart is represented by a grandson. The likeness is a copy of a photograph, very recently taken at the earnest request of the Troop. 152 John Butler. 1842 — 1847. John Butler, the eleventh Captain of the Troop, was born in the city of Philadelphia, January 20th, 1806, and died at the town of Mier, Mexico, December 23d, 1847. He was the son of Dr. James Mease, and for certain family reasons, both he and his brother Pierce (also a member of the Company) changed their names to that of their maternal grandfather. Major Butler. The paternal grandfather of Captain Butler, John Mease, was born in Strabane, Ireland, and emigrated with his brother, James Mease, to this country in the year 1754, and both joined the Troop at its formation. John Mease was with Washington at the crossing of the Delaware river, December 25th, 1776, and was one of five men detailed to the ser- vice of keeping alive the fires along the line of the American encampment at Trenton, to deceive the enemy while the Americans marched by a private route to attack the British rear guard at Princeton, and served with the Troop through the war, and until the year 1796, besides having contributed largely in money to supply the army with clothing and provisions. Captain Butler graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1823, was elected a member of the Troop November 15th, 1826, and having served in the various grades, was chosen Captain in September, 1842, in which position he remained until his death. The riots which occurred in Philadelphia in 1843, ^"d in May and July, 1844, gave full oppor- tunity to Captain Butler for the display of that great executive ability and those soldierlike qualities for which he was so pre-eminently distinguished, and by the exercise of which the command attained to so high a degree of discipline and precision in drill, his large means and ample leisure being devoted to the furtherance of these ends. In 1847 the war with Mexico requiring volunteers. Captain Butler offered his services to the general government, and was appointed Captain of B. Co., 3d Regiment of United States Dragoons, and left for the seat of war early in the season. In the month of April the Troop, desirous of expressing to him their high regard and esteem, had made and sent to him at New Orleans, " a regulation Dragoon sword, with a silver hilt plated with gold having a handsome topaz set in the pommel," and both sides of the blade suitably inscribed. On reaching Mexico, his command was attached to that part of the army acting on the Rio Grande, and notwithstanding his repeated and earnestly expressed wishes to his brother-in- law and commander, Major-General George Cadwalader, to be placed in a position prom- ising more active service, the exigencies of the occasion compelled him to remain inactive, when, in December, he was stricken down by one of the malarious fevers peculiar to that country, to the fatal influences of which he at last succumbed. On January 27th, 1848, upon the receipt of the news of his death the following resolutions were passed. " Whereas, Intelligence has reached the First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry, of the death, at Mier, in Mexico, on the 23d of December last, of their beloved comrade and com- mander, John Butler, Captain in the 3d Regiment U. S. Dragoons. 153 Resolved, That the Troop have received the information with profound and heartfelt regret. Resolved, That the Troop desire to bear public testimony of the high estimation in which they held the character and conduct of their late commander. Resolved, That while the public can easily appreciate the gallantry, generosity, and devotion of Capt. Butler to his country and her flag, it is for his friends to testify to the ex- cellent and endearing qualities which made him respected and beloved in private life; and as a token of regard for his memory, the members of the Troop wear crape on the left arm for thirty days. Resolved, That the Troop offer to his bereaved family their deep condolence and sym- pathy; and that the Lieut-Commanding be directed to transmit to them a copy of these resolutions, and to request the privilege of paying to the remains of their deceased com- mander, upon arrival in this city, the last honors so well merited by his services in the field, and his noble sacrifice of life." His remains were brought to Philadelphia and were deposited at Christ Church yard, April 27th, 1848, the Troop performing the last sad duties to their beloved commander. Captain Butler married in 1827, Gabriella Manigault Morris, of Morrisania, New York, and left one child who married Julian Macalaster, Lieutenant of Ordnance U. S. A. The likeness of Captain Butler is a copy of a daguerreotype in possession of his family. Thomas C. James. 1850 — 1S63. Thomas C. James, the Twelfth Captain of the Troop, was born in Philadelphia, January 8th, 1813, and died January 13th, 1863. He was the son of Thomas Chalkley James, an eminent physician of Philadelphia, and of Hannah Morris, his wife; he was educated at Friends' Classical and Mathematical School, and completed his studies at the High School as formerly conducted under the auspices of the Franklin Institute. For two years afterwards he was employed as a civil engineer on the railroad then being built between Philadelphia and Columbia, Pennsylvania, and in December, 1834, he entered into co-partnership with John T. Lewis under the mercantile firm of Lewis & James, general commission merchants, which was only terminated by his death. Captain James was elected a member of the Troop on its sixty-fifth anniversary, Novem- ber 17th, 1838, and having held the post of First Sergeant five years, and the commission of First Lieutenant three years, he was chosen Captain January, 19th, 1850. He was in command of the Troop during the time it was in the United States service in the year 1861, and immediately upon the mustering out of the Company upon its return to Philadelphia, received at the hands of Governor Curtin a commission as Lieutenant-Colonel of the Ninth 154 Pennsylvania Cavalry, a regiment then about organizing under the call of the President of the United States for three years volunteers, and soon afterwards he was ordered to the South- west. In the spring of 1862, he was appointed military commandant of the town of Clarks- ville, Tennessee, where, with a battalion of the regiment, he remained until the month of August, when the regiment was again united at Lebanon, Kentucky, and was employed in keeping that State clear of the roving bands of the enemy's cavalry. After the disastrous battle of Richmond, Kentucky, it covered the retreat of the Union army to Louisville, fighting daily the enemy's advance. Upon General Buell's arrival with re-enforcements for the relief of Louisville, the regiment then under the command of Lieuten- ant-Colonel James took the advance to Perryville, and by its boldness in pushing the enemy's rear, brought on the sanguinary battle fought there, enduring the fire of the enemy's infantry until the main body of the army came to its relief It then took the right of the line, and by its steadiness foiled every attempt of the enemy's cavalry to turn its flank, and in general orders issued after the action was complimented by the commanding General for its gallantry " being at one time compelled to stand for three-quarters of an hour under the concentrated fire of three batteries of the enemy's artillery, and only retiring when ordered to do so." Lieutenant-Colonel James was promoted to the Colonelcy of his regiment by commission dated October 14th, 1862, and his command having been much weakened by hard service and about one-half of the men being dismounted, he was ordered to Louisville for fresh horses and equipments. In the month of December Colonel James, on leave of absence, returned to Philadelphia, much impaired in health by his exposure in the field, with the vain hope of the early restoration of his broken constitution. On the thirteenth of January, 1863, the Troop was apprised of Colonel James' sudden and unexpected death that day, and met and resolved to attend his funeral in the uniform of the Corps. He was buried on the fifteenth of January, at South Laurel Hill Ceme- tery, the command being in citizen's dress at the request of his family. At a subsequent meeting of the Troop, appropriate resolutions of regret were passed and entered upon the Minutes, setting forth the respect, love and estimation in which he was held by the Com- pany, and at the same time was read a copy of the resolutions of a meeting of the officers of his late command in Nicholasville, Kentucky, which expressed their sorrow at the loss of the Colonel, and testified to his cool intrepidity in battle, and his cheerful endurance of the hardships of a soldier. The Troop caused to be painted a portrait of Captain James, which now hangs in the Armory, and is a speaking likeness of the original, and also erected over his grave a granite monument, bearing on its face bronze trophies of the arms and uniform of a Captain of the Troop, which was dedicated with imposing ceremonies, December 7th, 1870, in the presence of a large number of the Honorary, Active, Non-active and Ex-mem- bers of the Company. The likeness of Captain James is a copy of the oil painting by Waugh referred to above. 155 Fairman Rogers. i866 — 1869. Fairman Rogers, the thirteenth Captain of the Troop, was born in the city of Phila- delphia, November 15th, 1833. His father, the late Evans Rogers, was a descendant of an old Quaker family of Chester County, Pennsylvania, which originally emigrated from Essex County, England, and was a prominent merchant in Philadelphia ; he married a daughter of Colonel Gideon Fairman, of Philadelphia, engraver. Captain Rogers graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in the year 1853, and while there, having devoted himself to the study of mathematics and mechanics, he was immediately upon leaving college chosen one of the lecturers in the Franklin Institute, which position he held for eleven years. In the winter of 1854--55 he was connected with the United States coast survey, and accompanied Professor Bache on an expedition to Florida to establish the Primary bases in that section, and in the summer of 1857 he was on similar duty on the coast of Maine. In the autumn of 1855, he was elected Professor of civil engineering in the University of Pennsylvania, resigning in the year 187 1, when he became a member of the Board of Trustees, which posi- tion he still holds. Captain Rogers was elected a member of the Troop on its eighty-third anniversary, November r7th, 1857. During the service of the Troop in the early part of the late war, was promoted to the post of First Sergeant, and April 28th, 1862, was elected Second Lieutenant. In the summer of this year, in command of a coast survey party of twelve officers and about fifty men, he completed a survey for military and naval purposes, of the lower Potomac river from Blackistone Island to Indian Head, a great portion of the shores of which were at that time in the control of the United States forces. In the month of September following he resigned his commission in the Troop, and shortly before the battle of Antietam (September 17th), he joined as a volunteer engineer officer, the staff of General Reynolds, who had been assigned to the command of the forces raised in Pennsylvania for the defence of the State. He also served in a similar position on the staff of General W. F. Smith in the summer of 1863, while that general was in command of the militia troops which were hastily collected from Pennsylvania, New York and New Jersey, and which made a short campaign through Carlisle and down on to the left flank of the Confederate army, reaching the Gettysburg field too late to take part in the battle. In the same year (1863), the National Academy of Sciences was founded by the United States Government for the purposes of the general ad- vancement of science and of advising the various departments of the Government on techni- cal matters, and Captain Rogers was appointed by the Senate one of the original fifty mem- bers of that body. During the war of the rebellion, as a member of the Academy, he served on the Commission for the adjustment of the compasses of the iron vessels of the United States Navy. Captain Rogers was elected to the position of the commanding officer of the Troop, January 4th, 1866, and well and faithfully performed the duty of its Captain until October 156 iSth, 1S69, when he resigned, owing to his numerous engagements in other matters with which he was actively connected, making it impossible for him to devote the time to the Troop which he considered should be required from its commanding officer ; he was then placed on the Honorary Roll. Captain Rogers has always been identified with many of the most prominent institutions of learning, music and sciences in the city, and at present, as a member of the Board of Directors of the Academy of the Fine Arts, is chairman of the Committee engaged in the erection of the handsome building of that Society on North Broad Street. He married in 1S56, Rebecca H., daughter of John F. Gilpin, Esq., of Philadelphia. M. Edward Rogers. i{ M. Edward Rogers, the present Captain of the Troop, was born in the city of Phila- delphia, January 29th, 1839. He is the son of the late William Evans Rogers, who was of the same Chester County family as the father of Captain Fairman Rogers, and his mother was Miss Harriette Phcebe Ruggles, of New York. Captain Rogers was elected a member of the Troop, September 14th, 1858, and re- ceived his first promotion by being chosen Fourth Corporal, October 4th, i860. In the campaign of 1861, he served with the Company as First Corporal, and May ist, 1862, was chosen First Sergeant, filling this post through the four succeeding years and serving with the Troop in its various tours of active service during that time, when the absence of the higher commissioned officers entailed more than ordinary importance and labor to this always prominent office. On the 4th of January, 1866, he was elected Second Lieutenant, and a month later First Lieutenant, holding the last commission for three years, when he resigned and was . placed on the Honorary Roll. Upon the retirement of Captain Fairman Rogers, he was elected, November 6th, 1869, to succeed him, and has since that time held the commission of Captain in the Troop, which position, by reason of his attention and military ability he has filled with credit to himself and to the command. Captain Rogers married, October 25th, 1866, Miss Nannie Craig Wadsworth, daughter of the late General James F. Wadsworth, of Geneseo, New York. ROLLS. List of Officers 1774—1874- CAPTAINS. Abraham Markoe, Samuel Morris, Samuel Miles, Christian Febiger, John Dunlap, Robert Wharton, Charles Ross, 1774— 1776 1776 — 1786 1786 — 1791 1792— 1794 1794— 1803 1803 — 1811 1811— 1817 John R. C. Smith, Lynford Lardner, William H. Hart, John Butler, Thomas C. James, Fairman Rogers, M. Edward Rogers, 1817 — 1825. 1825 — 1827. 1827— 1842. 1842 — 1847. 1850—1863. 1866 — l86q. FIRST LIEUTENANTS. Andrew Allen, John Dunlap, David Lenox, William Hall, Charles Ross, James Crawford, John R. C. Smith, Anthony Stocker, Henry Harrison, William S. Simmons, Lynford Lardner, 1774— 1776. 1780— 1794. 1794—1796- 1796— 1803. 1803 — 1811. i8n — 1S17. 181 7. 1817 — 1821. 1821 — 1823. 1823—1825. 1825. William H. Hart, Edward Yorke, William M. C.\mac, John Butler, Peter L. Laguerenne, Thomas C. James, R. Butler Price, Samuel J. Randall, M. Edward Rogers, J. Francis Maher, 1825 — 1827. 1827— 1832. 1833— 1839. 1839— 1842. 1842— 1847. 1847— 1850. 1850 — 1861. 1866. 1866—1869. i6o SECOND LIEUTENANTS. Samuel Morris, James Budden, John Patton, Thomas Leiper, William Hall, Robert Smith, Joseph B. McKean, Robert E. Griffith, William S. Willing, James Crawford, James L. Cuthbert, John R. C. Smith, Anthony Stocker, Job Bacon, Henry Harrison, William S. Simmons, Lynford Lardner, 1774— 1776. William H. Hart, 1S25. 1776— 1781. Samuel N. Gray, 1825- 1826. 1784— 1787. Richard P. Lardner, 1826— 1827. 1794- Edward Yorke, 1827. 1794— 1796. Charles McEuen, 1827 — 1828. 1796— 1803 Thomas S. Richards, 1828— 1832. 1803. John Lardner, Jr., 1S33- 1839. 1S03— 1807 Peter L. Laguerenne, 1839- 1842. 1807— 1809 William Jackson, 1842— 1847- 1809— 1811 R. Butler Price, 1847- 1S50. iSii— 1S16 William W. Fisher, 1850— 1853- 18:6— 1817 Thomas Smith, 1853- -1861. 1817. William Camac, 1861— ■1862. 1817— 1818 Fairman Rogers, 1S62. 1818— 1821 M. Edward Rogers, 1866. 1821 — 1823 J. Francis Maker, 1S66— -1869. 1823— 1825 Robert E. Randall, 1870— CORNETS. James Mease, John Dunlap, John Lardner, John Patton, William Hall, John Lardner, Charles Ross, William S. Willing, William G. Latimer, Andrew Hamilton, Robert M. Lewis, John R. C. Smith, Anthony Stocker, 1774—1776- 1776— 1779. 1779-1783- 1783- 1794. 1794 — 1796 1796— 1803 1803 — 1807 1807 — 1810 1810 — 1811 1811 — 1815 1815 — 1816 1816— 1817 Job Bacon, Henry Harrison, William S. Simmons, Lynford Lardner, William H. Hart, Samuel N. Gray, Richard P. Lardner, Edward Yorke, William H. Jones, Thomas S. Richards, Daniel S. McCauley, William J. Leiper, Robert C. Hemphill, 1817. 1817— 1818. iSiS— 1821. 1821 — 1823. 1823 — 1825. 1825. 1825—1826. 1826— 1827. 1S27. 1827 — 1S28. 1828— 1831. 1S31— 1S32. 1833— 1839. i6i William Jackson, R. Butler Price, Thomas Smith, Wilson Eyre, William Caimac, 1839— I S42 1842 — 1847 1852— 1S53 1853— 1859 1859 — 1861 Samuel J. Randall, J. Francis Maker, Robert E. Randall, A. Loudon Snowden, 1862 — 1866. 1866. 1866 — 1870. 1870— SURGEONS, Dr. Jonathan Potts, Dr. John Carson, Dr. James S. Ewing, Dr. Nathaniel Chapman, Dr. George Gillasspy, Dr. Wm. p. C. Barton, Dr. Aaron B. Tucker, Dr. John Howard Hill, 1779— 1786 1787^1788 1794— 1803 1S04 — 1806 1S06— iSoS, iSoS— 1813 1813^1814 1819 — 1820 Dr. David C. Skerrett, Dr. Alfred Drake, Dr. Thomas F. Betton, Dr. Elisha J. Lewis, Dr. Paul B. Goddard, Dr. Horace Y. Evans, Dr. Fr.\ncis F. Maury, 1821— 1827. 1828 — 1830. 1833—1843- 1843— 1847. 1847— 1866. 1867—1869. 1869— ASSISTANT SURGEONS. Dr. Thomas Bond, Jr., 1779 — 1786. Dr. Bern.-vrd Henry, 1S54 — 1864. Dr. William H. Taggart, 1859 — 1867. Dr. R. M. Townsend, Dr. Hext M. Perry, 1874.' 1874— FIRST SERGEANTS. Thomas Leiper, Samuel Howell, Jr., James Gibson, Richard Rush, Andrew Hamilton, James L. Cuthburt, John R. C. Smith, 1774- 1794. 1798. 1804. 1808. 1810. 1811. Anthony Stocker, Job Bacon, Henry Harrison, William S. Simmons, William W. Fisher, Lynford Lardner, Charles Norris, 1815. 1816. 1817. 1817. 1818. 1819. 1821. 162 John Elfreth, 1822 Manlius G. Evans, 1850. Frederick Seckel, 1823 Harrison Smith, 1851. Samuel N. Gray, 1824 Thomas Smith, 1852. Richard P. Lardner, 1825 Wilson Eyre, 1852. Owen Sheridan, 1825 W. Seward Randall, 1853- Edward Yorke, 1826 William Camac, 185S. William H. Jones, 1826 Charles J. Adams, 1S59. Charles McEuen, 1827 Richard G. Devereux, i86i. Francis G. McCauley, 1827 Fairman Rogers, 1861. Daniel S. McCauley, 1827 M. Edward Rogers, 1S62. William M. Camac, 1828 Edwin L. Reakirt, 1866. John Butler, 1833 John W. Grigg, 1867. R. Butler Price, 1839 Joseph R. Wilkins, Jr., 1868. Thojl^s C. James, 1842 James J. Macdowell, 1872. Charles Penrose, 1847 Jos. Lapsley Wilson, 1874. William W. Fisher, 1850 SECOND SERGEANTS. William Hall, 1774 Samuel N. Gray, 1823. Robert Smith, 1794 Richard P. Lardner, 1823 David H. Conyngham, 1796 George T. Stuckert, 1825 Robert Irwin, 1798 Edward Yorke, 1825 John Vaughan, 1803 William H.Jones, 1S26 Enoch Wheeler, 1807 Edward Penington, Jr., 1827 James Hamilton, 1810 John Lardner, Jr., 1827 John W. Morrell, 1811 Peter L. Laguerenne, 1834 Anthony Stocker, 1811 William Penington, 1839 Job Bacon, 1815 Washington Keith, 1842 Edward Twells, 1817 Benjamin W. Ingersoll, 1S44 William S. Simmons, 1817 Manlius G. Evans, 1850 William W. Fisher, 1817 Harrison Smith, 1850 Lynford Lardner, 1818 John Sergeant, Jr., 1852 Charles P. Fox, 1819 W. Seward Randall, 1853 Charles Norris, 1821 Henry J. Biddle, 1853 William H. Hart, 1822 John C. Leiper, 1855 1 63 Joshua C. Lawrence, Edward C. Wharton, Robert Thompson, Jr., Alfred W! Rogers, Richard G. Devereux, William D. Smith, J. Francis Maher, Robert E. Randall, I8SS 1858, 1859 1859 i860 1861 1862 1866 John W. Grigg, John A. Brown, Jr., J. LiNDLEY Johnson, P. Frederick Goddard, Thos. Wm. Neill, Jos. Lapsley Wilson, John Hockley, Jr. , 1866. 1867. 1868. 1870. 1872. 1873- 1874. THIRD SERGEANTS, John Donnaldson, David H. -Conyngham, Michael Keppele, William G. Latimer, Ja^ies Hamilton, John W. Motirell, Robert M. Lewis, Thomas F. Leaming, Job Bacon, Henry Harrison, Edward Twells, William S. Simmons, William W. Fisher, Lynford Lardner, Charles P. Fox, Charles Norris, John Elfreth, William H. Hart, Frederick Seckel, Richard P. Lardner, John R. Wucherer, George T. Stuckert, Owen Sheridan, William H. Jones, 1777- 1794. 1798. 1803. 1S07. 1810. iSii. 1811. 1815. 1815. 1816. 1817. 1817. 1817. 1818. 1819. 1821. 1821. 1822. 1823. 1823. 1825. 1825. 1825. Charles McEuen, Thomas S. Richards, Daniel S. McCauley, James B. Taggart, Samuel M. Leiper, A. Hamilton Thomson, William Penington, Robert Adams, Henry H. Stockton, William Stevenson, THO^LAS Smith, W. Seward Randall, Henry J. Biddle, Alexander Biddle, Joshua C. Lawrence, William Camac, Robert Thompson, Jr., Charles J. Adams, J. Francis Maher, Charles F. Taggart, Robert Morris, Jr., Edwin L. Reakirt, John W. Grigg, John A. Brown, Jr., 1826. 1827. 1827. 1828. 1833- 1833- 1834. 1842. 1844. 1847. 1850. 1852. 1853- 1853- 1855- 1855- 1858. 1858. 1859. 1862 1866. i866. 1 64 Harrison T. DeSilver, 1867. A. Louden Snowden, 1868. RoBT. Jarvis C. Walker, 1870. James J. Macdowell, 1871. William McCandless, John Hockley, Jr., Robert P. Dechert, 1872. 1873- 1874. FOURTH SERGEANTS. Andrew Bunner, i777 John Redman, i794' John Melbeck, 1796 Enoch Wheeler, 1803 Henry Nixon, 1807 James Crawford, Jr., 1808 Robert M. Lewis, 1810- John R. C. Smith, 1811 John M. Scott, 181 i Job Bacon, 181 2, Henry Harrison, 1815 Jehu R. Tunis, 1815 William S. Simmons, 1816. William W. Fisher, 181 7 Lynford Lardner, 181 7 Charles P. Fox, 1817 Charles Norris, 1818 John Elfreth, 1819 William H. Hart, 1821 Samuel N. Gray, 1822, John R. Wucherer, 1823 George T. Stuckert, 1823 Owen Sheridan, 1825 Edward Yorke, 1825 Charles McEuen, 1825 Edward Penington, Jr., 1826 Thomas S. Richards, 1826 Francis G. McCauley, 1827 William M. Camac, 1827 A. Hamilton Thomson, John Butler, William Penington, Alexander Lardner, Henry H. Stockton, William Stevenson, Alexander Bacon, James D. Smith, Henry J. Biddle, Alexander Biddle, Robert Thompson, Jr., William Camac, John J. Vanderkemp, Charles J. Adams, J. Francis Maher, Alfred W. Rogers, Richard G. Devereux, William D. Smith, Fairman Rogers, Samuel J. Randall, Robert E. Randall, John A. Brown, Jr., Harrison T. DeSilver, James West, Jr., P. Lacey Goddard, James J. Macdowell, Robert Greer, Robert P. Dechert, George Zinn, 1829. 1831. 1833- 1834. 1847- 1S50. 1852. 1853- 1853- 1855- 1855- 1858. 1S5S. 1859. 1859. 1S60. 1861. 1861. 1S62. 1863. 1866. 1867. 1868. 1870. 1871. 1873- 1874. / i65 FIFTH SERGEANTS. Henry Borie, Alexander Biddle, Robert Thompson, Jr. , Samuel J. Randall, Francis S. Lewis, T. Wharton Fisher, J. Francis Maher, Wm. Read Fisher, Richard G. Devereux, William D. Smith, Jacob P. Wilson, Charles F. Lennig, 1850 1S52 iSS3 1853 1S55 isss 1S58 1858 1859, 1859 i860 1862 Alfred Horner, Jr., John W. Grigg, Harrison T. DeSilver, James West, Jr., J. LiNDLEY Johnson, P. Frederick Goddard, Robert Greer, Thos. Wm. Neill, |os. Lapsley Wilson, George Zinn, Willi.\m D. Gem.mill, FIRST CORPORALS. Samuel Howell, Jr., 1774- Joseph B. McKean, 1794. Robert Rainey, 1798. Jacob Sperry, 1803. Andrew Hamilton, 1807. John Warner, 1808. Francis R. Wharton, 1811. Matthew McConnell, Jr. , 1812. Jehu R. Tunis, 1815. John B. Simmons, 1815. William W. Fisher, 1816. Lynford Lardner, 1817. Charles P. Fox, 1817. Charles Norris, 1817. John Elfreth, 1818. William H. Hart, 1819. Frederick Seckel, 1821 William J. Dubs, 1822. Richard P. Lardner, 1822 George T. Stuckert, Charles Macalester, Jr. Owen Sheridan, Edward Yorke, William H. Jones, Edward Penington, Jr., Thomas S. Richards, Francis G. McCauley, John Lardner, Jr., James B. Taggart, A. Hamilton Thomson, John Butler, Samuel M. Leiper, William Penington, Alexander Lardner, C. Rockland Thomson, William Stevenson, Milton J. Lukens, William W. Fisher, 1862. 1863. 1866. 1866. 1867. 1868. 1870. 1871. 1872. 1873- 1874- 1823. .823. 1825. 1825. 1825. 1825. 1826. 1826. 1S27. 1827. 1828. 1829. 1831. 1833- 1833- 1834. 1842. 1844- 1847- 166 Harrison Smith, 1850 M. Edward Rogers, 1861. Henry W. Andrews, 1850 Alfred Horner, Jr., 1862. Robert Thompson, Jr. , 1852 John W. Grigg, 1862. Samuel J. Randall, 1853 John A. Brown, Jr. , 1863. John C. Leiper, 1853 Andrew C. Cattell, 1866. John J. Vanderkemp, 1855 J. Lindley Johnson, 1866. Samuel L. Shober, 1855 Joseph R. Wilkins, Jr., 1867. Wm. Read Fisher, 1858 Robt, Jarvis C. Walker, 1868. Alfred W. Rogers, 1858 Thos. Wm. Neill, 1870. William D. Smith, 1859 William McCandless, 1871. Jacob P. Wilson, 1859 John Hockley, Jr., 1872. Charles F. Taggart, i860 William D. Gemmill, 1873- Robert Morris, Jr., 1861 Myer Asch, 1874. SECON D CORPORALS. James Hunter, 1774 Richard P. Lardner, 1822. John Mease, 1779 John R. Wucherer, 1822 Jonathan Williams, 1794 Charles Macalester, Jr., 1823 Robert Hiltzheimer, 1796 Owen Sheridan, 1823 John Frazier, 1798 Edward Yorke, 1825 William Guier, 1803 William H. Jones, 1825 James Crawford, Jr., 1807 Charles McEuen, 1825 Edward Davies, 1808 Thomas S. Richards, 1825 G. Henry Manigault, 1811 Francis G. McCauley, 1826 Henry Harrison, [813 John Lardner, Jr., 1826 John B. Simmons, 1815 Daniel S. McCauley, 1827 Edward Twells, 181S John Butler, 1S28 Lynford Lardner, 1816 Samuel M. Leiper, 1829 Charles P. Fox, 1817 George Cadwalader, 1831 Charles Norris, 1817 A. Hamilton Thomson, 1S32 John Elfreth, 1817 William W. McMain, 1833 William H. Hart, [8i8 Alexander Lardner, 1833 John Howard Hill, 1819 C. Rockland Thomson, 1833 Frederick Seckel, 1820 Milton J. Lukens, 1842 Edmund C. Watmough, [821. Charles Penrose, 1844 1 6; Joseph C. Harris, Wilson Eyre, Samuel J. Randall, John C. Leiper, Joshua C. Lawrence, T. Wharton Fisher, John B. Camac, Alfred W. Rogers, Richard G. Devereux, Jacob P. Wilson, Charles F. Taggart, Fairman Rogers, M. Edward Rogers. 1850 1852 1853 1853 185s 1855 1859 1859 Charles F. Lennig, John W. Grigg, John A. Brown, Jr., James West, Jr., Robert E. Gray, Joseph R. Wilkins, Jr. William H. Canby, Alfred D. Jessup, Jr., William McCandless, Robert P. Dechert, R. Walter Deming, William F. Lewis, 1861. 1862. 1862. 1863. 1866. 1866. 1867. 1868. 1870. 1871. 1873- 1874. THIRD CORPORALS, Robert Hiltzheimer, John Frazier, John Vaughan, Henry Nixom, John Warner, James L. Cuthburt, John R. C. Smith, Thomas F. Leaming, Job Bacon, Henry Harrison, Jehu R. Tunis, Edward Twells, William S. Simmons, Samuel H. Jacobs, Charles Norris, John Elfreth, William H. Hart, John Howard Hill, Augustus Gushing, 1794. 1796. 1798. 1803. 1807. 1808. 1810. 1811. 1811. 1812. 1813. 1815. 1815. 1816. 1817. 1817. 1818. 1818. 1819. Edmund C. Watmough, Clement Lee Bready. John R. Wucherer, George T. Stuckert, Owen Sheridan, Edward Yorke, William H. Jones, Charles McEuen, Edward Penington, Jr.; Francis G. McCauley, John Lardner, Jr., Matthew B. Denman, Samuel M. Leiper, George Cadwalader, A. Hamilton Thomson, Peter L. Laguerenne, Alexander Lardner, C. Rockland Thomson, Charles Penrose, 1820. 1821. 1822. 1822. 1823. 1823. 1825. 1825. .1825- 1825. 1826. 1826. 1S28. 1829. 1831. 1832. 1833- i833- 1842. i68 Benjamin F. Harley, 1844- William C. Twells, 1846. Walter C. Livingston, 1847- John Sergeant, Jr., 1850. John C. Leiper, 1852. Joshua C. Lawrence, 1853- William Camac, 1853- Samuel L. Shober, 1855- Samuel Bell, Jr., 1855- Richard G. Devereux, 1858. John Wagner, 1858. Samuel H. Carpenter, Jr., 1859. Fairman Rogers, 1859. Robert Morris, Jr., i860. Charles F. Lennig, 1861. Robert E. Randall, 1861. John A. Brown, Jr., 1862. James West, Jr., 1862. Andrew C. Cattell, 1863. Robert E. Gray, 1864. Joseph P. Wood, 1S66. William A. Borthwick, 1866. Henry Pepper, 1S67. James J. Macdowell, 1868. Robert P. Dechert, 1870. Jos, Lapsley Wilson, 1871. George Zinn, 1S72. Myer Asch, 1873. Harry P. Norris, 1874. FOURTH CORPORALS. John Melbeck, 1794. John Vaughan, 1796. Israel W. Morris, 1798. John C. Browne, 1803. Edward Davies, 1807. John W. Morrell, 1808. Thomas F. Leaming, 1809. Anthony Stocker, iSii. Matthew McConnell, Jr. i8ii. Jehu R. Tunis, 1812. John B. Simmons, 1813. William S. Simmons, 1815. William W. Fisher, 1815. Charles P. Fox, 1816 John Elfreth, 1817 John Howard Hill, 1818 Augustus Gushing, 1818. Edmund C. Watmough, 1819. Clement Lee Bready, 1820. Samuel N. Gray, 1821. William J. Dubs, 1821. Richard P. Lardner, 1821. George T. Stuckert, 1822. Charles Macalester, Jr., 1823. Edward Yorke, 1823. William H. Jones, 1824. Charles McEuen, 1825. Edward Penington, Jr., 1825. Thomas S. Richards, 1825. John Lardner, Jr., 1826. Matthew B. Denman, 1S26. George Cadwalader, 1828. 169 A. Hamilton Thomson, 1829 William A. Edwards, 1859. Peter L. Laguerenne, 1831 M. Edward Rogers, i860 Benjamin F. Harley, 1842 Robert E. Randall, 1861 William C. Twells, 1844 Edwin A. Lewis, 1861 Alexander Bacon, 1846 George Gilpin, 1862 Joshua P. Haven, 1847 Alexander Hemsley, 1862 W. Seward Randall, 1850 Joseph P. Wood, 1863 Joshua C. Lawrence, 1852 Rudolph Ellis, 1866 William Camac, 1853 William H. Canby, 1 866 Francis S. Lewis, 1853 RoBT. Jarvis C. Walker, 1867 Samuel Bell, Jr., 185s Robert Greer, 1868 Edward C. Wharton, 1855 Thomas J. Magill, 1870 John Wagner, 1858 William D. Gemmill, 1872 Sullivan A. Meredith, 1858 William H. Gaw, 1873 Charles F. Taggart, 1859 Roberts Vaux, 1874. QUARTER-MA STER SERGEANTS. Levi Hollingsworth, 1774 Robert Thompson, Jr., 1854. Samuel Penrose, 1777 William Camac, 185s i John Donnaldson, 1794 Edward C. Wharton, 1858 Curtis Clay, Jr., 1807 Charles J. Adams, 1859 John Donnaldson, Jr., 1814 Robert Thompson, Jr. , 1859 Charles P. Fox, 1822 Richard G. Devereux, 1859 Frederick Seckel, 1823 J. Francis Maher, 1862 William J. Leiper, 1826 James West, Jr., 1863 William Penington, 1833 John W. Grigg, 1866 ' Washington Keith, 1842 John A. Brown, Jr., 1867 Hugh H. Stockton, 1844 P. Frederick Goddard, 1868 William Stevenson, 1844 Robert Greer, 1870 Wilson Eyre, 1850. Jos. Lapsley Wilson, 1872 John Sergeant, Jr., 1852 John Hockley, Jr., 1874 Henry J. Biddle, 1853- I70 DEPUTY QUARTER-MASTER SERGEANTS. John Donnaldson, Jonathan Robeson, Robert Irwin, Henry Nixon, Lynford Lardner, Augustus Gushing, Samuel N. Gray, 1777 1794, 1798 1814, 1815 i8i8 1821 William J. Leiper, 1824. William H. Stewart, 1850. Joshua C. Lawrence, 1854- Edward G. Wharton, 1857- J. Francis Maher, 1858. William H. Ghandler, 1867. J. Emlen Smith. 1874. TREASURERS. Thomas Leiper, 1774 Thomas S. Richards, 1826 Samuel Howell, Jr., 1794 John Stille, Jr., 1836 James Gibson, 1798 Thomas G. James, 1840 Richard Rush, 1804 Alexander Bacon, 1843 Andrew Hamilton, 1808 W. Seward Randall, 1852 James L. Guthburt, 1810 J. Francis Maher, 1855 John R. G. Smith, 1811 Gharles F. Taggart, 1859. William H. Hart, 1824. Alexander Hemsley, 1862. Edward Yorke, 1826. William G. Baker, 1S64. Honorary Roll. The number placed before the names refer to the Active Roll. The asterisks are before names of I Abraham Markoe, 1776. 4 James Mease, 1776. 13 Robert Hare, 1776. 15 Henry Hill, 1776. 18 John Mitchell, 1776. 21 Andrew Caldwell, 1776. 28 William West, Jr., 1776. 27 George Fullerton, 1776. 16 John Boyle, 1777. 24 George Graff, 1777. 25 Benjamin Randolph, 1777. xo James Budden, 1781. 47 Thomas Duncan, 1782. 48 Joseph Wilson, 1782. 54 William Alricks, 1782. 55 William Lawrence, T782. 58 Samuel Ingles, 1782. 83 William Constable, 1782. 84 Enos Kelso, 1782. 85 William Craig, 1782. 86 Charles Logan, 1782. 46 Thomas C. Morris, 1783- 3 Samuel Morris, 17S6. 60 John Lyttle, 1786. one rary Roll as " celebrated military or nava! ave rendered important service to the T roop." 67 Jonathan Potts, M. D., 1786. 68 Thomas Bond, Jr., M. D., 1786. 73 John Murray, 1786. 7 Samuel Penrose, 1787. 9 James Hunter, 1787. 20 Samuel Caldwell, 1787. 31 Alexander Nesbitt, 1787. 33 Thomas Leaming, Jr., 1787. 34 Jonathan Penrose, 1787. 35 Godfrey Twells, 1787. 36 Adam Zantzinger, 1787. 38 John M. Nesbitt, 1787. 42 George Henry, 1787. 5° Thomas Irwin, - 1787. 51 Robert Roberts, 1787. 57 Joseph Prowell, 1787. 59 Andrew Bunner, 1787. 61 Benjamin Davis, Jr., 1787. 62 Joseph C. Fisher, 1787. 70 David Duncan, 1787. 71 John Patton, 1787. 72 John Redman, 1787. 77 Cadwalader Morris, 1787. 78 Robert McClenachan, 1787. 172 So Joseph Powell, 8i Daniel Benezet, 82 George Haines, 89 James Gibbon, 91 William Jackson, 94 Christian Wirtz, 96 William Brown, 114 John Carson, M. D., 75 Michael M. O'Brien, 23 Blair McClenachan, 52 Jonathan Mifflin, 53 Isaac Cox, 65 George Hughes, 66 James Craig, Jr., 69 John Barclay, 76 Jacob Morris, 87 Samuel Miles, 41 William Turnbull, 45 John Montgomery, 74 Jacob Morgan, 116 Thomas Moore, 98 Christian Febiger, 108 Thomas Proctor, 5 Thomas Leiper, 152 Meredith Clymer, 1 2 John Mease, 14 William Pollard, 19 George Campbell, 43 James Crawford, 64 Matthew Irwin, 90 William Lardner, 97 Anthony Benezet, 102 William Vanphul, 30 John Lardner, 44 David Lenox, 8 Samuel Howell, Jr., 17 William Tod, 22 Levi Hollingsworth, 26 Thomas Peters, 1787 37 Francis Nichols, 1798. 1787 39 Patrick Moore, 1798. 1787 40 Joseph Cowperthwaite, 1798. 1787 49 David H. Conyngham, 1798. 1787 56 Samuel Griffin, 1798. 1787 63 William Nichols, 1798. 1787 88 Francis Johnston, 1798. 1788 92 John Caldwell, 1798. 1789 no William Miller, Sr., 1798. 1790 118 Robert Hopkins, 1798. 1790 121 Jonathan Robeson, 1798. 1790 130 Samuel Wheeler, 1798. 1790 143 Jonathan Williams, 1798. 1790 149 William W. Burrows, 1798. 1790 150 Abraham Bickley, 1798. 1790 99 John West, 1798. 1791. 133 George Taylor, 1798. 1792 203 William Jones, 1800. 1792. * J. Harvey Hurst, Major; 1793- Brig. Inspector. 1800. 1793- 11 John Dunlap, 1803. 1794. 6 William Hall, 1803. 1794. 79 Robert Smith, 1803. 1794. 135 James S. Ewing, M. D., 1803. 1794. 154 Daniel S. Delany, 1803. 1796. 93 Joseph B. McKean, 1803. 1796. 129 David C. Claypoole, 1803. 1796. 138 Robert Andrews, 1803. 1796. 160 Thomas W. Francis, 1803. 1796. i8i Israel W. Morris, 1803. 1796. 124 John Graff, 1804. 1796. 29 John Donnaldson, 1804. 1796. 115 Andrew Pettit, 1804. 1796. 122 Jacob Cox, 1804. 1796. 126 Thomas W. Hiltzheimer, 1804. 1798. 169 Jonathan Smith, Jr., 1804. 1798. 173 John Miller, Jr., 1804. 1798. 196 William Young, 1804. 1798. 120 Robert S. Bickley, 1805. 173 148 John Melbeck, 200 Philip Nicklin, 210 Jonathan Jones, 179 George Fox, 221 Nathan"- Chapman, M. D., 201 Robert E. Griffith, 192 Jasper Moylan, 142 William Miller, Jr., 216 William John Baker, 100 Benjamin Morgan, 119 Pearson Hunt, 134 John Vaughan, 242 George Gillasspy, M. D., 189 John Leamy, 194 Thomas Meredith, 180 James Gibson, 170 Matthew Pearce, 205 George Dobson, 106 Francis West, 132 William Guier, 246 John Dunlap, Jr., 252 Philip H. Nicklin, 258 Magnus M. Murray, 193 Thomas Cadwalader, 198 Robert Wharton, 217 Curtis Clay, Jr., 218 William G. Latimer, 215 Andrew Hamilton, 230 Edward Davies, 271 William McIvLurtrie, 269 David Barnum, 289 Richard B. Jones, 281 William M.Read, 245 Joseph North, 256 James Tatham, 261 Wm. p. C. Barton, M. D. 263 John Morin Scott, 27s George B. MiLLiGAN, 276 G. Henry Manigault, 1805. 293 William T. Smith, 1814. 1805. 307 Aaron B. Tucker, M. D., 181 4. 1806. 233 John Zane, Jr., 1814. 1806. 239 John Shinn, Jr., 1814. 1806. * John Smith, U. S. Marshal, 1814. 1806. 267 Lawrence Sink, 1815. IS06. 141 Henry Wikoff, 1815. 1807. 247 Robert M. Lewis, 1815. 1807. 282 George Hugg, 1815. 1808. 324 George McCallmont, 1815. 1808. 26s Francis Gurney Smith, 1815. 1808. 153 Henry Nixon, 1815. 1808. 167 George Willing, 1815. 1808. 226 John Warner, 1815. 1808. 314 James M. Bolton, 1816. 1809. 220 James Crawford, Jr., 1817. 1809. 234 James L. Cuthburt, 1817. 1809. 131 Charles Ross, 1817. I8I0. * James Wilkinson, I8I0. Brig. Gen. U. S. A., 1818. I8I0. * Clement C. Biddle, I8I0. Col. U. S. A., 1818 I8I0. * James Biddle, I8I0. Capt. U. S. N., 1818 I8I0. * Charles W. Morgan, I8I0. Lieut. U. S. N., 1818 I8I0. 259 Job Bacon, 1818 18II. 300 Samuel H. Jacobs, 1819 I8II. 329 Hugh P. Lloyd, 1819 1812. 333 John Howard Hill, M. D. 1820 I8I2. 266 Anthony Stocker, 1821 I8I2. * Charles Stewart, I8I3. Com. U. S. N., 1821 I8I3. * J. Madison Gamble, I8I3. Major, U. S. M., 1821 I8I3. 33^ Peter Able, 1821. I8I3. 336 Elias Deal, 1823. I8I3. 264 John Y. Bryant, 1824 I8I3. 321 Thomas Say, 1824. 174 297 Thomas Taylor, 306 Matthew Matthews, 313 Edward M. Donnaldson, 291 William S. Simmons, 353 CHAliLES MaCALESTER, Jr. , 228 John R. C. Smith, 339 Samuel N. Gray, 344 Richard P. Lardner, 365 David C. Skerrett, M. D., 303 Lynford Lardner, 272 George Guier, 400 Francis G. McCauley, 406 Daniel S. McCauley, 385 Thomas S. Richards, 355 Edward Yorke, 391 William J. Leiper, 410 Samuel M. Leiper, 3S3 William M. Camac, 390 John Lardner, Jr., 432 Robert C. Hemphill, 446 Thomas F. Betton, M. D., 301 William H. Hart, 361 Peter L. Laguerenne, 515 Elisha J. Lewis, M. D., 444 William Jackson, 416 John Butler, 503 B. Fr_anklin Harley, 530 Henry M. Naglee, , 145 Richard Willing, 237 William Craig, 268 Joseph Gratz, ' 286 John McCrea, 288 Samuel Jackson, M. D., 298 Henry Toland, Jr., 305 Charles P. Fox, 308 Henry McMurtrie, 316 John Donnaldson, Jr., 317 Moses Thomas, 318 Charles Norris, 1824 319 Frederick V. Krug, 1853 1824 327 Wharton Lewis, 1853 1824 512 William W. Fisher, 1853 1825 413 George Cadwalader, 1854 1825 * Robert Patterson, 1826 Maj. Gen. U. S. A., 1854 1826 563 Francis S. Lewis, 1856 IS27 575 William D. Lewis, Jr., 1858 1827 546 W. Seward Randall, 185S 1827 525 Thomas Smith, 1861 1829 414 R. Butler Price, 1861 1829 659 T. Morgan Budd, 1861 I83I 618 J. Hamilton Kuhn, 1861 1832 679 Charles E. Richards, 1 86 1 1832 685 Joseph P. Brinton, 1S61 1832 692 John Borthwick, 1861 ^833 700 Joseph R. Paxton, 1861 1839 634 Jos. Penrose Ash, 1861. 1839 640 David B. Birney, 1862 1839 651 John Devereux, Jr., 1862 1S42 655 Edwin L. Tevis, 1862 1842 656 G. Irvine Whitehead, 1862 1846 686 J. Henry Haseltine, 1862 1847- 710 Charles L. Leiper, 1S62 IS47 561 William Camac, 1862. 1847 547 Henry J. Biddle, 1S62. 1848 643 William H. Potter, 1S62. 1848. 674 Lewis McMakin, 1S62. 1852. 630 William Blanchard, 1S62. 1853- 482 Thomas C. James, 1863. 1853- 703 Horace Y. Evans, M. D., 1863. 1853- * Charles F. Ruff, 1853- Brig. Gen. U. S. A., 1863. 1853- * Alfred D. Jessup, 1863. 1853- 662 Edward W. White, 1863. 1853- 676 Henry Tucker, 1S63. 1853- 740 William E. Rogers, 1863. 1853- 641 John B. Fassitt, 1863. 1853- 754 Sidney H. Browne, 1S64. 175 * Eli K. Price, 1864. 599 John Savage, 1865. 568 William Sergeant, 1865. * U. S. Grant, Maj. Gen. U. S. A., 1S65. * W. T. Sherman, Maj. Gen. U. S. A., 1865. * Geo. G. Meade, Maj. Gen. U. S. A., 1865. * P. H. Sheridan, Maj. Gen. U. S. A., 1865. * G. H. Thomas, Maj. Gen. U. S. A., 1865. * A. T. A. Torbert, Maj. Gen. U. S. A., 1865. * S. W. Crawford, Maj. Gen. U. S. A., 1865. * D. G. Farragut, Admiral U. S. N., 1865. * David Porter, Rear Admiral U. S. N., 1865. 541 Wilson Eyre, 1866. 488 Washington Keith, 1866. 6oo F. Markoe Bache, 1866. 731 Charles B. Coxe, 1866. 544 Paul B. Goddard, M. D. 1866. 500 Charles Wells, 1866. 579 Edward C. Wharton, 1866 627 Wm. H. Taggart, M. D., 1867 553 Robert Thompson, Jr., 1867 736 William A. Borthwick, 1867. 638 Joseph F. Tobias, 1867. 645 Harvey B. Goddard, 1867. 552 Alexander Biddle, 1868. 545 William H. Stewart, 1868. 704 Nalbro' Frazier, Jr., 1869. 620 M. Edward Rogers, 1869. 613 Fairman Rogers, 1869. 574 Samuel Bell, Jr., 1869. 642 A. Hamilton Smith, 1869. 714 Emlen N. Carpenter, 1869. 715 William P. Brinton, 1869. 621 Edwin L. Reakirt, 1S70. 782 Frederick. W. Fotterall, 1870. 639 Harrison T. DeSilver, 1870. 711 Rudolph Ellis, 1870. 612 Chas. F. Taggart, (dec'd) 1874- 617 Robert Morris, Jr., " 1874. 646 John W. Grigg, " 1874, 660 Charles M. Willing, " 1874. 661 Benjamin P. Sloan, 1874- 664 Albert V. Sloan, 1874. 665 Gabriel Middleton, 1874. 667 Horace P. Mitchell, 1874. 670 Robert P. Wilson, 1874. 673 Andrew J. Pemberton, 1874. 675 Frank D. Wetherill, 1874. 687 CALVIND.MEHAFFEY,(dec'd) 1874. 698 Robert W. Bickley, 1874. 707 Charles E. Cadwalader, 1874. 836 Ralph M.TowNSEND,M.D., 1874. Active Roll. No. Members. Associated. Resigned. Remarks. ' ■ ABRAHAM MAKKOE, Ntv. 17, 1774. First Captain of the Troop. Honorary April, 1776, DiedAug, 28, 1806. • • ■ : ANDREW ALLEN. --\pril, 1776. Member of Provincial Council Nov. 4, 1769 to Dec. 1775. Attorney-General Nov. 1769. Committee of Safety June 30, 1775 to July, 1776. Died in London, Marcll 7, 1825. 3 SAMUEL MORRIS, April II, 1786. Second Captain of the Troop. Honorary Ma.v 11 1786., DiedJuly?, i8i2. 4 JAMES MEASE. Nov. 1775. Com. of Correspondence June 18, 1774, Com. of Safety June 30; 1775. City Com. of Inspection and Observation Aug. 16, 1775. Pay-masterandTreasurer Continental Army, Nov. 10,1775. Appointed by Gen. Washington Clothier-General U. S. Army, Jan. 1777. Honorary' April, 1776. Died 1826. 5 THOMAS LEIPER, City Council 1801, President of Council 1802—1805, 1S08— 1810. Honorary Oct. 10 1794. Died July 6, 6 WILLL4M HALL, " June 30, 1803. Member of Penn'a Assembly 1798— 1800, Honorary July 29, 1803. Died Dec. 10, 1831. 7 SAMUEL PENROSE, Com. of Correspondence Nov. 14, 1774. Penn'a Assembly 1780. Honorary Sept. 10, 1787. Died 1796. Com. of Safety Oct. 20, 1775. Appointed by Presi- 8 SAMUEL HOWELL, JR., dent Washington Commissioner of U. S. Bank Mar. 19, 1791. Honoraryjune 19, 179S. Died Nov. 6, 1806. 9 JAMES HUNTER, JAMES BUDDEN. JOHN DUNLAP, Pay-master 4th Penn'a Battl'n, 1777. Honorary Sept. 10, 1777. Died 1796. Honorary May i, 1787. Died January 7, 1788. Fifth Captain of the Troop. Honorary Tuly 20 1803. Died Nov. 21,- 1812. ' J 1 V, 12 JOHN MEASE, Oct. 4, 1796. Com. of Safety June 30, 1775, Admiralty Surveyor Port of Philadelphia 1796— 1825. Honorary Octf 4, 1796. Died Nov. 21, 1825. 13 ROBERT HARE, Member of Constitutional Convention 17S9. Penn'a Assembly 1791— 1792. Speaker of Senate of the State of Penn'a 1795. Honorary April, 1776. Died 15 WILLIAM POLLARD, HENRY HILL, Oct. 4, 1796. Member of Navy Board of Penn'a 1777. Honorary Oct. 4, 1796. Died 1801. Delegate to Provincial Conference June 18, 1776 Member of Convention to form State Consti'tutioii July, 1776. Col. 4th Penn'a Reg't Nov. 14,1776 Pcnn a Assembly 1779—1783- Honorary April, ,776. DiedAug. 1797, I- . // 16 JOHN BOYLE, Honorary Feb. i, 1777. Died 1798. 17 WILLIAM TOD, Honorary June 19, 1798. Died 18 JOHN MITCHELL, Muster-master Penn'a Navy Mar. 6 1776 Captain '.' Ranger "galley, 1777. Commissary oi Navy and Artillery, Feb. 10, 1777. U. S. Consul St. Jago de Cuba. Admiralty Surveyor Port of Philadelphia Honorary, April, 1776. Died '9 GEORGE CAMPBELL, Council of Safety, Sept. 14, 1776. Penn'a Assem- bly 1780-1781. Register of Wills Philad'a „8,_ 1 1 I1800. Honorary Oct. 4, 1796. Died 1810. '"' 178 No. Members. Associated. Remarks. =o SAMUEL CALDWELL, Nov. 17, 1774. Paymaster and Treasurer Continental Army, Nov. 10, 1775. Clerk U. S. Admiralty Court 1790—1799. Honorary Sept. 10, 1787. Died Nov. 26, 1798. ANDREW CALDWELL, City Com. of Inspection and Observation Aug. 16, 1775. Councilor SafetySept. 14,1776. Commodore "cfall the armed vessels in the Delaware," Jan. 13, 1776. In command of Provincial fleet in fight with frigates Roebuck and Liverpool, May 6, 1776. Coun- cil of Safety Jan. 24, 1777. Penn'a Navy Board Feb. 13. '777- Warden Port of Philadelphia, 1778—1782. Honorary April, 1776. Died 22 LEVI HOLLINGSWORTH, Honorary June 19, 1798. Died Mar. 24, 1824. = 3 BLAIR McCLENACHAN, Penn'a Assembly 1790—1795. U. S. Congress 1797—1799- Commiss'r of U. S. Loans. Honorary May 4, 1790. Died iSis. =4 =7 GEORGE GRAFF, BENJAMIN RANDOLPH, THOMAS PETERS, GEORGE FULLERTON, Commiss'r for purchase of supplies for Continental army, 1775. Honorary Feb. i, 1777. Died Honorary April, 1777. Died Honorary June 19, 1798. Died Dec. 24, 1821. Killed in service Aug. 5, 1776. Honorary Aug. 5, 1776. 2S WILLIAM WEST, JR., Elected. Capt. 3d Pa. Reg't 1776. Maj. 4th Pa. Reg*! Nov. I, 1776. Deputy to James Mease, Clothier- General, U. S. A. Honorarj' April, 1776. Died Register Gen'I and Controller State of Penn'a, 29 JOHN DONNALDSON, Oct. 1775- April 1789. Honorary 1804. Died Dec. 29, 1831. 30 3- 33 JOHN LARDNER, ALEXANDER NESBITT, JAMES CALDWELL, THOMAS LEAMING, JUN'R., Penn'a Assembly, 1791— 1792. Honorary Oct. 24, 1786. Died Feb. 12, 1825. Honorary Sept. 10, 1787. Died Sept. 1791. Died, Sept. 6. 1783. Member Convention that declared the Indepen- dence of the State of New Jersey, July 2, 1776. Honorary Sept. 10, 1787. Died Oct. 29, 1797. 34 JONATHAN PENROSE, Justiceof the Peace, Moyamensing, Passyunk and Soulhwark, 17S4. Honorary Sept. 10, 1787, Died 35 GODFREY TWELLS, Honorary Sept. 10, 1787. Died Jan. 19, 1802. 36 ADAM ZANTZINGER, Mar. 16, 1776. Honorary Sept. 10, J787. Died 37 FRANCIS NICHOLS, Lt. Col. U S. A., 1775—1779- Honorary June 19, 1798. Died 1812. 38 JOHN MAXWELL NESBITT, " " Com. to answer Boston Circular, May 20, 1774. Com. of Correspondence June 18, 1774. Paymaster Pa. Navy, Sept. 14, 1775. Treasurer State Batd'n « July 27, 1776. Honorary Sept. 10, 1787. Died 39 PATRICK MOORE, " Treasurer of Board of War of Penn'a Mar. 14, 1777. Alderman 1794. Honorary June 19, 1798. Died 40 JOSEPH COWPERTHWAITE Com. of Correspondence Nov. 14,1774. Captain "Quaker Blues," 1775. Justice of the Peace Nov. lo, 1778. Honorary June 19, 1798. Died 41 WILLIAM TURNBULL, Mar, 1777. Commissioner purchase of Clothing, 1779— 1781. Honorary May 6, 1792. Died July, 1822. 42 GEORGE HENRY, Lieut, of City of Philad'a, 1777. Commissary of Military and Naval Stores, Dec. 22, 1778. Honorary Sept.' 10, 1787. Died 43 44 45 JAMES CRAWFORD, DAVID LENOX, JOHN MONTGOMERY, „ .. Maj. I2th Pa. Reg't, Nov. i, 1776. Honorary Oct. 4, 1796. Died Sept. 17, 1810. Capt. 3d Pa. Battl'n Continental troops. Marshall of U. S. Admiralty Court, 1793 — 1795. Honorary Oct. 24, 1796. Died April 10, i8z8. Council of Safety Oct 1775. City Council, 1792 — 1794. Honorary May 6, 1792. Died Mar. 16, 1794. 4fi THOMAS C. MORRIS, " Honorary Feb. 22, 1783. Died 47 THOMAS DUNCAN, " Honorary Feb. 22, 1782. Died 48 49 JOSEPH WILSON, DAVID H. CONYNGHAM, First Lieut, of Armed Boat "Congress," Mar. 6. 1776. Honorary Feb. 22, 1782. Died Honorary June 19, 1798. Died Mar. 5, 1831. 50 51 THOMAS IRVIN, ROBERT ROBERTS, Honorary Sept. 10, 1787. Died Honorary Sept. 10, 1787. Died June, 1791. 52 JONATHAN MIFFLIN, Honorary May 4, 1790. Died 53 ISAAC COX, Paymaster Penn'a troops in Contin'l service, 1776. Honorary May 4, 1790. Died 54 WILLIAM ALRICKS, , Honorary Feb. 22, 1782. Died 179 No. Members. Elected. Remarks 55 WILLIAM LAWRENCE, March 1777. Honorary Feb. 22, 1782. Died 56 SAMUEL GRIFFIN, Honorary June 19th, 1798. Died 57 JOSEPH PROWELI., Honorary- Sept. 10, 1787. Died April 3, 1805. 53 SAMUEL INGLIS, Honorary' Feb. 22, 1782. Died Sept. 4, 1783. 59 ANDREW BUNNER, Honorary Sept. lo, 1787. Died Dec. 19, 1791. 60 JOHN LYTTLE, Honorary May 11, 1786. Died 61 BENJAMIN DAVIS, JR, October 1773. Lieut. Flying Camp, 1776. Honorary Sept. 10, 17S7. Died iSio. 62 JOSEPH C. FISHER, Honorary Sept, 10, 1787. Died 63 WILLIAM NICHOLS, May 17, 1779. Maj. Continental Army, 1776. Clerk of Orphans' Court 17S6— 1790. Marshall of Admiralty Court, 1798. Honorary June 19, 1798. Died 1804. 64 MATTHEW IRWIN, Captain Penn'a Troops, July 8, 1776. Appointed by Gen. Washington Capt. Independent Company, May 1777. Recorder ot Deeds, 178s. Master of Rolls for the State of Penn'a 1793. Honorary' Oct. 4,1796. Died 65 GEORGE HUGHES, Honorary May 4, 1790. Died 66 JAMES CRAIG, JR., Honorary May 4, 1790. Died Sept, 29, 1800. 67 68 JONATHAN POTTS, THOMAS BOND, JR., Surgeon of the Troop. Appointed by Congress Surgeon Canada Depm't June 6, 1776, and Dep. Director-General of Hospitals 1778. Honorary May II, 1786. Died in Reading, Pa., Oct. 1791. Ass't Surgeon of the Troop. Purveyor of Hospital of the U. S. 1781. Honorary May 11, 1786. Died 69 JOHN B.A.RCLAY, July 4, I779. Mayor of Philadelphia 1791. Senate of-Penn'a 1810 — 1814. Honorary May 4, 1790. Died Aug. 8, 1816. /o 71 72 DAVID DUNCAN, JOHN PATTON, JOHN REDMAN, Honorary Sept. 10, 1787. Died City Com. of Inspection and Observation Aug. 16, 1775. Maj. ist Provincial rifle battalion, April 1776. Maj. 9th Pa Reg't Nov. 11, 1776. Honorary Sept. 10, 1787. Died Oct. 25, 1812. Honorary Sept. 1787. Died Mar. ig, 1808. 73 JOHN MURRAY, Oct. 21, 1779. Lt.-Col. 2d Va. Reg't 1778. Honorary May 11, 1786. Died 74 JACOB MORGAN, Nov. 1779- City Com. of Inspection and Observation Aug. 16. 1775. Supreme E.xec, Council of Pennsylvania May 1777. Penn'a Assembly, 1794— 1795. Honorary May 10, 1793. Died Sept. 18, 1S02. 75 MICHAEL M. O'BRIEN, " " U. S. Consul at Algiers. Honorary Sept. 12, 1789. Died in France 1804. 76 JACOB MORRIS, Honorary May 4, 1790. Died 77 CADWALADER MORRIS. May 173. Honorary Sept. 10, 1787. Died 78 ROBERT McCLENACHAN, Honorary Sept. 10, 1787. Died 79 ROBERT SMITH, May 17ST. Capt. Continental Army 1776. Honorary July 29, 1803. Died 1838. 80 JOSEPH POWELL, Honorary Sept. 10, 1787. Died 81 DANIEL BENEZET, " " Lieut, ist Co. of Artillery 1789. Honorary Sept. 10, 1787. Died April 25, 1797. 82 GEORGE HAINES, Sept 1 781. Honorary Sept. 10, 1787. Died 83 WILLIAM CONSTABLE, " Honorary Feb. 22, 1782. Died in New York 84 ENOS KELSO, .i Honorary Feb. 22, 1782. Died 85 WILLIAM CR.\IG, Honorary Feb. 22, 1782. Died 86 CHARLES LOGAN, Honorary Feb. 22, 1782. Died in Virginia 87 SAMUEL MILES, Mar. 1783. Third Captain of Troop. Honorary Nov. 27, 1791. Died Dec. 29, 1805. 88 FRANCIS JOHNSTON, Com. of Safety June 30. 1775. Lt.-Col. of Penn'a Battalion Jan. 1776. Lt.-Col. 5th Pa. Reg't Nov. 1, 1776. Col. 2nd Pa. Reg't Sept. 1778. Honorary June 19, 1798. Died Feb. 22, 1815. 89 JAMES GIBBON, Mar. 17S4. Lieut. 6th Pa. Reg't 1776. Brvt. Capt. 1770. Maj. U. S. A. May 1781. Led Forlone Hope at sur- prise of Stony Point, New York, 1779. Honorary Sept. 10, 17S7. Died 9" WILLIAM LARDNER, April 19, 17S6. Honorary Oct 4, 1796. Died Nov. 1827. 91 WILLIAM JACKSON, Com. of Correspondence, Nov. 14, 1774. City Com. of Inspection and Obser\'atian Aug. 16, 177^. Maj. U. S. A. 1776 -1783. Private Sec'y to Gen'I Washington 1790. Surveyor of Customs 1794 — 1804. Honorary Sept. 10, 1787. Died Dec. 17, 1822. 180 - No. Members. Elected. Resigned. Remarks. 9' JOHN CALDWELL, April 19, 1786. Honorary June 19, 1798. Died 93 JOSEPH B. McKEAN, Attorney-General of Penn'a 1800 — 1809. Judge of Distiict Court 1817 — 1826. Honorary Nov. 19, 1803. 94 CHRISTIAN WIRTZ, Honorary Sept. 10, 1787. Died 95 THOMAS POTTS, May 4, 1790. Died 96 WILLIAM BROWN, Commander of the Putnam Battery Penn'a Navy 1777. Honorary Sept. 10, 1787. Died 97 ANTHONY BENEZET, Honorary Oct. 4, 1796. Died 98 CHRISTIAN FEBIGER, April 24, 1786. Fourth Captain of Troop. Honorary April 5, 1794. Died Sept. 20, 1796. 99 JOHN WEST, BENJAMIN MORGAN, Honorary July 3, 1798. Died Honorary 1808. Died lOI GEORGE HABACKER, 1788. Died 102 WILLIAM VANPHUL, ROBERT HILTZHEIMER, May 4, 786. Honorary Oct. 4, 1796. Died Expelled 1797. 103 104 GEORGE WESCOTT, Died Aug. 20, 1804, 105 WILLIAM CALDWELL, Sept. 10, 1787. Died 106 FRANCIS WEST, City Councils 1795 — 1796. Honorary Feb. 20, 1810. Died June 29, 1843. 107 DAVID CLARKSON, , Sept. 10, 1787 Died 108 THOMAS PROCTOR, May II, I 786. Capt. of First American Artillery Nov, 3, 1775: Col. 1778—1783. SheriiTof Philadelphia 1783—1785'. Brig-Gen'l 1793. Maj-Gen'l 1796, 1800— 1802. Hon- orary Aug. 1794. Died Mar. 16, 1807. 109 WILLIAM COXE, Sept. 10, 1787. Died WILLIAM MILLER, SR., Sept. 10, 1787. .788. Sept. 10, 1787. Honorary June 19, 1798. Died III JOHN ANTHONY, Died 112 WILLIAM COLLIDAY, •• Died 113 JAMES COLLINS, Died JOHN CARSON, Surgeon of Troop. Honorary July 4, 1788. Died Oct. 26, 1794. 115 ANDREW PETTIT, Sept. 10, 787. Honorary 1804. Died 116 THOMAS MOORE, Sept. 24, .787. Honorary May 10, 1793. Died "7 JOHN MINNICK, 1788. Died jiS ROBERT HOPKINS, Honorary June 19, 1798. Died 119 PEARSON HUNT, < ,B02. Honorary 1808. Died ROBERT S. BICKLEY, 79". -Honorary 1805. Died 121 JONATHAN ROBESON. 792. Commissioned by President Adams, Lieut. Vol. Light Dragoons Provisional Army of the U. S. July 17,1798. Honorary June 19, 1798. DiedSept. 5, i799_ 122 JACOB COX, April 30, "794- Honorary 1804. Died 123 ROBERT RAINEY, Died 1801. 124 I2S JOHN GRAFF, ROBERT McKEAN, 1800. Honorary May 7, 1804, Died Died 126 THOMAS W. HILTZHEIMER. Honorary 1804. Died 127 ANDREW KENNEDY, 1800. Died 128 JOSEPH MARSH, May 6, i 794. Disinhsed for disobedience of orders on the West- ern Campaign Oct. 9, 1794. 129 DAVID C. CLAYPOOLE, May 12, I 794. Honorary 1803. Died 1849. 130 SAMUEL WHEELER, CHARLES ROSS, Honorary June 19, 1798. Died May 10, 1820. Seventh Captain of the Troop. Honorary Oct. 8, 1817. Died Oct. 8, 1817. 132 WILLIAM GUIER, May rg, i 794. Honorary Feb, 29, 1782, Died "33 GEORGE TAYLOR, May 20, I 794- Honorary July 3, 1798. Died "34 JOHN VAUGHAN, •■^ug. 13, 794- Lieut. Flying Camp 1776. Honorary June 13, 1808, '35 JAMES S. EWING, Sept. 10, 794- 1800. Surgeon of Troop. Honorary July 29, 1803. Died 136 DANIEL WILLIAMS, Died ■37 GEORGE McCALL, Died April 17, 1799. 138 ROBERT ANDREWS, Honorary 1803. Died "39 WILLIAM FORREST, Died July 15, 1798. 140 MICHAEL KEPPELE, Feb. 20, 1810. City Council 1796 — 1800. Penn'a Assembly 1797 —1799. Mayor of Philadelphia i8ii. Died 1823. 141 HENRY WIKOFF, Resigned May 14, 1810. Re-elected Sept. 12, 1814. Honorary May 5, 1815. Died 142 WILLIAM MILLER, JR., Oct. 12, I 794. Oct. 12, 1807. Commissioner of U. S. Revenue 1798. Honorary Oct. 14, 1807. Died i8i JONATHAN WILLIAMS, ROBERT C. LATIMER, RICHARD WILLING, WILLIAM WILCOCKS, WILLIAM S. BUDDEN, JOHN MELBECK, WILLIAM W. BURROWS, ABRAHAM BICKLEY, BENJAMIN RINGOLD, MEREDITH CLYMER, HENRY NIXON, DANIELS. DELANY, ROBERT LEWIS, WILLIAM PHILLIPS, JOSEPH SIMMONS, BENJAMIN F. WEST, ROBERT ERWIN, THOMAS W. FRANCIS, PETER BLIGHT, LEVINUS CLARKSON, JOHN FRAZIER, JAMES HAMILTON, AMUEL HAZLEHURST, SPAFFORD DREURY, GEORGE WILLING, ARCHIBALD McCALL, JR., JONATH.\N SMITH, JR., M.\TTHEW PEARCE, JOHN SIMSON, EDWARD SHOEMAKER, JOHN MILLER, JR., \BR.AHAM VAN BEUREN, ROBERT RITCHIE, WILLI.A.M S. WILLING, EDWARD TILGHM.A.N, JR., OWEN FOULKE, JR., GEORGE FOX, JAMES GIBSON, ISRAEL W. MORRIS, THOMAS MIFFLIN, JR., SAMUEL MILES, JR., ENOCH WHEELER, WILLIAM BROWNE, JOSEPH REED, TENCH FRANCIS, JR., JOHN C. BROWNE, JOHN LEAMY, JAMES HUNTER, JR., RICHARD RUSH, May 14, 1810. 1803. 1796. Nov. Majll 1796. 1796. 192 JASPER MOYLAN, Oct. 13, : Oct. 2, 1 Feb. 20, : July 5, 1810, Feb. 20, June 29, Dec. 16, 1S09. Feb. 20, 1810. May 14, 1810. Oct. 10, 1803. Sept. 6, 1809. Jan. 31, 1810. July 16, 1798. Feb. 2o 1810. July 16, 1798. Aug. 4, 181 5. May 7, 1810. May 7, 1810. Judge of Court of Common Pleas 1776. GenT and Chief of Engineers U.S.A. The first Superintendent of West Point Military Academy. Honorary June I, 1798. Died May 18, 1815. Died Feb. i3, 1805. Honorary Dec. 6, 1852. Died Died July 2, 1816. Died Rtsigned 1798. Capt. 6th Troop Philad'a City av. 1799 — 1802. .ff^-/«j/a/^^ April 24, 1802. Hon- ary May 24, 1805. Died Major Corad't U. S. Marine Corps July 12, 1798. Lt-Col. Comd't 1800— 1804. Honorary June 19, 1798. Honorary June 19, 1798. Died Died 1858. Died at Parkinson's Ferr>-, Monongahela river hile on the " Western Expedition," Nov. 18, 1794- Honorary Nov. 18, 1794. Resigned liUy 14, 1810. Re-elected Stft. 10, 1814. Honorary Sept. 7, 1815. Died Aug. 18, 1840. Honorary Oct. 13, 1803. Died Died Died Aug. 1845. Died Died at New Orleans, La., Sept. 1804. Died Capt. 2nd Troop Philad'a City Cavalry tSog. Hon- orary 1803. Died June i, 1815. Died 18J3. Died 1813. Died June 28, Died 181 7. Died at Mount Holly, N. J., July 11, 1849. Died 799. Re-elected Oct. i 815. Died Dec. 22, 1827. Died April 13, r8ol. Resigned Jan. Honorary Sept. 7. Honorary 1804. Died Honorary Dec. 16, 1809. Died Honorary 1804. Died May 11, 1836. Died Member Penn'a Navy Board Mar. 13, 1777. 1 Sept. 25, 1817. Died Aug. 9, 182 Died Jan. 1,1815 Died Honorary Sept. 17, i8c6. Died Sept. 1828. Honorary Sept. 6, 1809. Died Aug. 25, 1853. Honorary 1803. Died Aug. 17, r87o. Died -April 1820. Died Dec. 2 Died Feb. i Died 1826. Resigned May 7, 1810. City Solicitor 18 ie-elected Aug. 27, 1814, Died 1846. Died Mar. 1 ■ 805, .843. Died Aug. 8, 1 Honorary i3o8. Died Dec. 4, Att'y Gen'I Penn'a States J814. Minister t Treasury 1825. MinisI 30, 1859. Honoran' 1806. Die 849. 811. Att'y Gen'I United England 1817. Sec'y of the r to France 1847. Died July l82 243 THOMAS CADWALADER, THOMAS MEREDITH, ABEL HUMPHRYS, WILLIAM YOUNG, SAMUEL McCALL, ROBERT WHARTON, GEORGE HUMPHRYS, PHILIP NICKLIN, ROBERT E. GRIFFITH, JOSEPH PEMEERTON, WILLIAM JONES, JOSHUA FISHER, GEORGE DOBSON, JACOB SPERRY, RICHARD H. WILCOCKS, THOMAS R. PENROSE, WILLIAM NORTH, JONATHAN JONES, JOHN W.SWIFT, PETER McCALL, ROBERT R. CHAMPNEYS, JAMES SIMMONS, ANDREW HAMILTON, WILLLIAM JOHN BAKER, CURTIS CLAY, JR., WILLIAM G. LATIMER, JAMES LATIMER, JAMES CRAWFORD, JR.. NATHANIEL CHAPMAN, WILLIAM GRAFF, JAMES CALDWELL, JAMES MITCHEL, ROBERT WESCOTT, JOHN WARNER, JOSEPH W. LEWIS, JOHN R. C. SMITH, BENJAMIN HUTTON, JR., EDWARD D.4VIES, ANTHONY SLATER, THOMAS NIGHTINGALE, JOHN ZANE, JR., JAMES L. CUTHBERT, EDWARDS. BURD, ANDREW BYERLY, WILLIAM CRAIG, WILLIAM P. ISRAEL. JOHNSHINN, JR., JACOB W. LAWERSWYLER, JOHN G. BRINGHURST, 242 GEORGE GILLASSPY, June 19, 1798. July, July, Nov. 19, 1803. May 28, 1804. June II, 1804. July 4, 1804. JAMES McMURTRIE, JOHN A. DEAN, JOSEPH NORTH, 46 jJOHN DUNLAP, JR., May 14, 1810. Feb. 20, 1810. Dec. 6, 1806. Feb. 7, 1807. May 7, 1810. Oct. 16, 1S09. Feb. 20, 1810. May 2, 1808. Feb. 20, 1810. May 12, 1806. Oct. 18, 1815. Dec. 16. 1809. May I, , April 15, ut-Col. Vol. Cavalry 1812. Major-General ist Division Pcnn'a Militia. Honorary May 7, 1810. Died Oct. 26,1841. Honorary 1808. Died Died 1807. Honorary 1804. Died Aug. 20, 1S25. Died Jan. 31, 1842. Sixth Captain of the Troop. Honorary June 14, Jio. Died 1834. Died Honorary 1805. Died 1806. Honorary Dec. 6, 1806. Died Died 1808. Appointed Capt. " of a newtroop of City Cavalry" 800. Honorary April 29, 1800. Died Sept. 6, 1831. Died 1808. Honorary 1809. Died DiedJan. 2, 1830. Died Died Dec. 25, 1812. Died Honorary May 12, 1806. Died April 8, 1821. Died Died May 7, 1809 Died Died Honorary Aug. 1811. Died Honorary 1807. Died 1808. Quarter-Master of the Philad'a Cavalry Reg't. Honorary June 27, 1810. Died Honorary June z, 1810. Died June 2, 1810. Died Killed in Mexico Mar. 24. 1824. Honorary May Surgeon of the Troop. Honorary Sept. 17, 1806. Died July i, 1853. Died 1S25. Died 1857. Died Captain U. S. A. Died Re-eiectedZc^l. 4, 1814. Honorary Sept. 7, 1815. Died 1805. Eighth Captain of the Troop. Honorary April 19, 1826. Died July 15. 1868. Expelled May 5, 1815. Honorary Sept. 3, 1811. Died May 12, 1831. Died Died Honorary Aug. 26, 1814. Died Honorary May 12, 1817. Died Nov. 14, 1825. Died Sept. 17, 1848. Died Nov. 4, 1827. Honorary Mar. 7, 1853. Died July 14, 1869. Died June 3, 1865- Major 156th Pa. Vol. 1811. Col. 79th Pa. Vol. 1814. Honorary Aug. 26, 1814. Died Oct. 16, 1825. Died 1810. Died Surgeon of the Troop. Honorary Oct. 3, 1808. Died Oct, 2, 1852. Died Feb. 23, 1854. Died 1807. U. S. Navy 1813. Honorary 1813. Died Honorary Feb. 20, 1810. Died Dec. 12. 1852. i83 ROBERT M. LEWIS, May i CHARLES L. SMITH, JR., May j8, 1807. SAMUEL B.RAWLE, July 4, 1807. JOHN HARE POWEL, WILLIAM W. WANDS, Oct. ig, 1807. PHILIP H. NICKLIN, Dec. 11, 1807. FRANCIS R. WHARTON, JOHN J. WHEELER, THOMAS F. LEAMING, JAMES TATHAM, JOHN W. MORRELL, MAGNUS M, MURRAY, JOB BACON, WILLIAM HEYL, WILLIAM P. C. BARTON, MATTHEW M'CONNELL.JR, JOHN MORIN SCOTT Jan. I. April 2 264 JOHN Y. BRYANT, 265 FRANCIS GURNEY SMITH, ANTHONY STOCKER, L.\WRENCE SINK, JOSEPH GR,\TZ, DAVID BARNUM, JOSEPH B. SIMS, WILLIAM McMURTRIE, GEORGE GUIER, GEORGE HAWKINS, JEHU R.TUNIS, GEORGE B. MILLIGAN, G. HENRY MANIGAULT, JOHN B. SIMMONS, WILLIAM LEHMAN, JOHN C.SMITH, HENRY S. SHEAFF, WILLIAM M. READ, GEORGE HUGG, HENRY HARRISON, BENJAMIN H. KINTZING, ABRAHAM KINTZING, JR. JOHN McCREA, ISRAEL S. ELLIOTT, SAMUEL JACKSON, RICH.\RD B. JONES, WILLIAM WHELAN, WILLIAM S. SIM.MONS, SAMUEL HOLLINGSWORTH WILLIAM T. SMITH, EDWARD TWELLS. WM. HARRISON SMITH, CHARLES B. McELWEE, THO.M,\S TAYLOR, HENRY TOLAND, JR., WILLIAM W. FISHER, SAMUEL H. JACOBS, WILLIAM H. HART, CLEMENT LEE BREADY, Oct. 20, 1808. Oct. 25, 1808. Dec. 13, 1S08. Jan. 17, 18^. Jan. 31, 1809. Feb. 23, 1809. May 8, 1809. Sept. 6, 1809. Nov. 18, 1809. Feb. 20 1810. June 22,1810. June 27, 18.0. Oct. iS, iSio. April 25, 1811. April 29, iSii. May 20, iSii. June 25, .8.1. Oct. 18, 1811. May II, i8i2. July 2, .812. July 4, -Sis. .•^iig. 3, 1812 Dec. 16, 1812. Died Feb. 18 Died 181 Honorary' May 5, 1815. Died in China Sept. 2, 1858. Inspector Gen'I with rank of Col. U. S. A.. 1814. Senate of Penn'a 1827- May II, 1812. Oct. 7, iSii. May I, 1815. May 5, 1817. Oct. 23, 1813. May 5, 1815. Feb. 20, 1810. May I, 1815. Feb. II, 1813. Feb. II, 1S13. Jan. .0, 1822. May I, 1815. May 1, 1815. Oct. 7, 1811. May I, 1815. Feb. 25, 1813. Nov. 22, 1817. Jan. 13, 18=3. Feb. 22, 1821. May 1,1815. May 7, 1822. Died Ju Died 1810. Honorary Feb. 20, i8ic. Died Mar. 2, 1842. Died Feb. 10, 1862 Died Penn'a Assembly 1832—1833. Died June 23, 183; Honorary Feb. 22, 1813. Died Dec. 23, 1829. Xcs!£-tiei{ Sept. 3, 1811. Rc-clccted Sept. 6, 181. Honorary Feb. Honorary May Surgeon of the Troop. Honorary Mar. 22, i8i;j 8. Died Sept. 6, 1855. Died Surgeon of the U. S. Navy. , Died 1856. Died Resigjied Msy 1.1 , 1812. Rn-f/fc/eti Ju\y. 4, 1812. ist Lieut. 2nd City Troop 1814. Penn'a Assembly 1816— 1817. MayorofPhilad'a 1844— 1845. Honorary Mar. 22, 1813. Died 1858. 1824. Honorary J; Honorary June ig, 181; Honorary June 7, 1821. Honorary Jan. 21, 1815 Honorary Mar. 7, 1853 Honorary May 18, 181 Died in New Orleans I Honorary April 25, 181 Honorary May 16, i82( Died Nov. 10, 1834. Died Feb. 12, 1873. Died Feb. 2, 1832. Died Jan. 5, 1828. Died Died ar.17,183.. ■ . Died Died Died May 5, 1868 Died Oct. 31, i8i Died Honorary May 3, 1813. Major U.S.A. Honorary Sept. 30, 1813. Died Died April 11, 1S16. Penn'a Assembly 1828— 1829. Died Mar. 29, 1829. Died Died 1813. Died Died Died Mar. 16, 1823. Died Honorary July 13, 1812, Honorary May 5, i?is. 824. Died Non-resident Ju Honorary Mar. 7, 1853. Died Feb. 13, 1865. Died Honorary Mar. 7, 1853. Died April 5, 1872. U. S. Consul Tripoli 1812. Honorary July 4, 181; Extcnedlw. 21. 1815. Honorary Oct. 15, 1825. Died Honorary May 2, 1814. Resigticd'^01. 28, 1B13. Honorary' June 21, 1824. Navy Agent at Philad'a Mar. 7, 1853. Died June 23, 1863. Died Jan. 6, 1838. Honorary May 3, 1819. Died Tenth Captain of the Troop. Honorary Sept. Died Died Died Dec. 22, 1828. Died Re-elected Feb .22, 1817. Died a 1836— 1837. Honorary Died Jan. 26, 1823. i84 LYNFORD LARDNER, THOMAS K. WALLACE, CHARLES P. FOX, MATTHEW MATTHEWS, AARON B. TUCKER, HENRY McMURTRIE, AUGUSTUS CUSHIXG, FRANCIS WORLEY, LEWIS C. VANUXEM, GEORGE T. STUCKERT, EDWARD M. DONNALDSON JAMES M. BOLTON, CHARLES PETTIT, JOHN DONNALDSON, JR., MOSES THOMAS, CHARLES NORRIS, FREDERICK V. KRUG, JOHN R. WARDER, THOMAS SAY, JOSHUA HARLAN, JR., NATHAN HALL, GEORGE McCALLMONT, JOHNINSKEEP, JR., HENRY WITMER, WHARTON LEWIS, JOHN ELFRETH, HUGH P. LLOYD, WILLIAM J. BROWNE, PETER ABEL, FREDERICK SECKEL, JOHN HOWARD HILL, EDMUND C. WATMOUGH, GUY BRYAN, JR., ELIAS DEAL, FRANCIS INGRAHAM, JR., THOMAS SYMMES, SAMUEL N. GRAY, PHILIP W. REIGART, C. P. HEATH, ALFRED INGRAHAM, WILLIAM J. DUBS, RICHARD P. LARDNER, HENRY B. REESE, JAMES W. MORSE, OWEN SHERIDAN, CHARLES P. SMITH, JOHN R. WUCHERER, JOHN MATTHEWS, JR., JOSEPH WEISMAN, DANIEL C. H. SIMS, CHAS. MACALESTER, JR., WILLIAM STUCKERT, EDWARD YORKE, WILLIAM H. JONES, FREDERICK R. FISK, GEORGE WEAVER, ISAAC CRESS, JUSTUS RUBICAM, Elected. Resi =.E.. REM^tKS. April 5, 1813. Ninth Captain of the Troop. Honorary May 21, 1827. Died June 22, 1834. ResiffitcdOa. 30, 1818. Re-Instated }nne: 18, 1821 Dropped'Hay. 3, 1821. May 10, 1813. Non-acii~je 1840. Honorary Mar. 7, 1853. Died Oct. 16, 1866. Honorary June 21, 1824. Died Jun==, 18.3. Surgeon of the Troop. Honorary Aug. 26, 1814. June;, 1813. Dec. 24 1814. Honoraiy Mar. 7, 1853. Died May 2, 1814. Died January, 1820. Aug. 19, 1814. July 4, 1817. Died Sept. 22, 1837. " " May I, 1815. Died at sea Dec. 24, 1825. Died April, 1869. Honorary June 21, 1824. Died Mar. 17, 1853. Honorary Feb. 5, 1816. Died Sept. 2, 1814. Feb. 22, 1822. Died Sept. 4. 1S14. May 7, 1822. Honorary Mar. 7, 1853. Died May 8, 1861. ** " 1S33. Itn'alid Nov. 17, 1S25. Honorary Mar. 7, 1853. Died Aug. 25, 1S65. " May 13, 1822. Honorary Mar. 7, 1853. Died June 4, 1868. J"ly 4, 1817, Honorary Mar. 7, 1853. Died Oct. 18, 181S. Died Honorary Jan. 31, 1824. Died Oct. 10, 1834. Sept. 7, 1814. Died 1819. Died in China, February 1820. Sept. m, 1814. Honorary May 5, 1815. Died Jan. 4, 1851. Sept. 12, 1S14. Died in New Orleans, La., October, 1820. lS,13. Died Sept. 22,1814. April II, 1816. Honorary Mar. 7, 1853 Died DiedinChina, Nov. 21,1822. Sept. 23, 1814. Honorary May 3, 1819. Zlro/Zi-rf June 13, 1823. Dec. 2. 1815. Honorary Oct 18, 1821. Died Jan. 29, 1848. May 13, 1816. May 12, 1S17. July 4, 1817. Jan. 30, 1818. Feb. 22, 1818. Feb. 23, 1818. May 22, 1818. Feb. i3, 1820. Feb. 25, 1820. May 8, 1820. May 30, 1820. April 5, 1821 May 10, 1821. May 14, 182 May .8, 182. Dec ^. 1826. June 18, 1821. May 3. 1822. Oct. 4. 1819. 1S40. Oct. Nov. 8, 9. 1826. 1803. Nov. May 4, 1829. 1825. 1829. Oct. 5. 1825. June 3. 1823. Died Surgeon of the Troop. Honorary Nov. U.S. Consul Trinidad de Cuba. Died Jan. /nz/a/zrfNov. 17, 1825. Died Honorary May 23, 1823. Died Sept. 2, il Dropped'^ov. 17, 1825. Died Honorary Nov. 8, 1826. Died Non-resident 'innz^T., 1824. Died Dropped Nov. 3, 1821. Died Honorary Feb. 2 Non-resident Ju DropJ-edM^y 2: Non-resident I Sept. 2, 1830. Honorary Oct. Died 1873. Died Nov. 28, 1826 1825. Died i n Florid Died Dec. 9, 1 87,3. Died 1832. Died Aug. 4, 1868. Died 1833. Dropped Vnh. 22, 1827. i8s 361 PETER L. LAGUERENNE, 362 IjAMESBURKE, 363 PAUL JONES, 3S4 CHARLES McEUEN, 365 DAVID C. SKERRETT, 366 WILLIAM NEWELL, JR., 367 BENJAMIN W. RICHARDS, VIOLET PRIMROSE, ALEXANDER McPHERSON, RICHARD C. SEE, JAMES BENSEL, JOHN W. ASHMEAD, THOMAS KELLY, EDWARD PENINGTON, JR. ALEXANDER McALPIN, J, ARMAND MONGES, CHARLES M. STOKES, WILLIAM WHITNEY, SAMUEL M. WETHERILL, GEORGE P. GLENTWORTH^ JOHN H. SCUDDER, FRANCIS P. CORBIN, 383 WILLIAM M. CAMAC, MATTHEW B. DENMAN, 385 THOMAS S. RICHARDS, GEORGE REX, 387 HENRY SHOEMAKER, THOMAS SMALLMAN, JOEL Z. REYNOLDS, JOHN LARDNER, JR., WILLIAM J. LEIPER, ALEXANDER H. DUNCAN, JOHN BOSQUET, ANTHONY BLENON, JOHN SAVAGE, DAVID E. WILSON, DAVID PAUL BROWN, CHARLES H. ROHR, CHARLES C. WATSON, JR., FRANCIS G. McCAULEY, WILLIAM PENINGTON, JAMES B.TAGGART, WILLIAM F. SEEGER, DAVID S. HASSINGER, THOMAS C. CASH, 406 DANIELS. McCAULEY, ROBERT MORRIS, 408 GEORGE W. WAITE, CHANDLER P. BRYAN, SAMUEL M. LEIPER, JOHN P. SCHOTT, CHARLES HARLAND, GEORGE CADWALADER, R. BUTLER PRICE, 415 THOMAS PENN GASKILL, 416 JOHN BUTLER, May - June" June 18, 182 June 22, 182: July 4, 182: Sept. 19, Feb. II, Feb. 22, May 13, June 13, July 4, May 5, Sept. 2 May ; April I, May I May ic July 2.( Nov. 8, 1S26. 1832. Oct. i3, 1821. Nov. 10, 1S23. June 21, 1822. June 21, 1.824. Feb. 18, 1834. Nov. 17, 1825. Oct. 18,1821. Sept. 8, 1S23. Feb. 22, 1822. June,, ,831. July 4, 18=6. May 4, 1829. May 2, 1825. Oct. 5, 1839. Sept. 8, 1S23. May 5, 1823. Honorary Nov. 9, 1846. Died Jan. 24, 1059. Oct. 4, 1823. July 4 , 1836. Oct. 25, 1823. 1839. Feb. 22, .824. Dec. 2 1826. May 21, J824. Feb. 12 , 1829. Re-elected Dec. 13, 1831 Surgeon of Troop. Hon Mayor of Phil Died Nov. 18, 1857. ■ary Feb. 22, 1827. Died Kesi^dUny 7, 1822. Re-elect. Sept. 17, 1824. Died Died Died Died Jan. 16, 1868. A'on-resiWent June 21 , 1824. Non-resident June 21, 1B24. Died at Matagorda, Texas, Feb. 27, 1840. Died Mar. 20, 1850. Non-resident Nov. 17, 1825, Died Non-resident June -..i, 1824. Died Non-resident Juvifi 21, 1824. Honorary July 8, 1839. Died Mar. 7, 1842. Died Honorary Oct. i, 1832. Died November, 1839. Died Excelled }nn<: 13. 1823. DroJt/>edT>io\. 17, 1825. Honorary July 8, 1839. Died Mar. 3, 1865. Honorary Dec. 15, 1832. Died Sept. 27, i860. Dropped Nov. 17, 1825. Non-resident June 21, 1824. Died Dropped'iiov. 17, 1825. Died July .872. Dec. 31,1839. Died Nov. 27, 1835. U. S. Navy. Honorary June 26, 1829. Died in Paris, Dec. 10. 1857. Died Aug. 16, 1863. Non-resident 1834. Died Died Dec. 27, 1825. Invalid -Li^i. Died April 18, 1867. Died January, 1836. Honorary Nov. 5, 1831. Died Non-resident 1834, Dropped Hov. 17, 1825. Died Mar. 15, 1827. Honorary May 17, 1833. Died Died Dropped innn -ii, 1828. Non-active (with privileges of Honorary) Sept. 5, 1842. Brig.-GenT U. S. A. Mar. 6, 1847. Bv't Maj. Gcn'l U. S. A. Aug. 23, 1848. Maj. Gen'l U. S. Vols. April 25, 1862. Honorary Oct. 17, 1S54. Resigned May 7, 1827. Re-elected May 15, 1830. Col. 2nd Pa. Vol. Cav. Sept. 7, 1861. Bv't Brig.- Gen'l Mar. 13, 1865. Honorary Sept. 7, 1861. Died Eleventh Captain of the Troop. Honorary Dec. 23, 1847. Died Dec. 23, 1847. i86 No. Members. Elected. Resigned. Remarks. 417 THOMAS MOORE WILLING, Dec. 21, 1826. May 16, 1829. Died 1854. 418 A. HAMILTON THOMSON, Feb. 22, .827. Died Jan. 9, 1831. 419 GEORGE H. THOMSON, • ' Dec. 31, 1842. Non-active 1834. Died 420 THOMAS McEUEN, Mar. 21, 1827. Sept. 12, 1827. Died Feb. 27, 1873. 421 EDWARD D. WHITNEY, April 14, 1827. May 21, 1827. 422 EDWARD HARLAND, M.iy I, 18=7. Sept. 18, 1828. 423 JOSEPH M. BRYAN, May 25, 1827. Dec. 31, 1841. Non-resident May 19, 1832. Died 424 WILLIAM W. McMAIN, June 14, 1827. Non-resident 1844. Died in New Orleans, La. 425 PETER L. YORKE, Dec. 31, 1841. Non-resident June 21, 1831. Died April 14, 1865. 426 AARON CLEMENT, Sept. 22, ,827. Non-active Nov. 6, 1843. Died 427 ALFRED DRAKE, Oct. 23, 1827. April 30, 1830. Surgeon of the Troop. Died Oct. 3, 1857. 428 SAMUEL YORKE, Feb. 12, 182B. Dec. 3., 1839. Died Sept. 25, 1861. 429 WILLIAM G. COLQUHOUN, May 24, 1828. Dec. 31, 1841. Non-resident 1834. Died 430 JOHN GRAFF, Ji'iy 4, 1828. Died 1842. 431 JOSEPH J. BALL, N.)v. 10, 1828. April 25 1831. 432 ROBERT C. HEMPHILL, Honorary Sept. 2, 1839. 433 WILLIAM BAINBRIDGE, JR., May 4, 1829. Died June 4, 1831. 434 ALEXANDER LARDNER, July 4, 1S29. Non-active Dec. 2, 1839. Died Jan. 14, 1848. 435 SAMUEL W. BRYAN, May 3, 1830. Died 436 WILLIAM F. CLEMSON, July 2, 1830. Feb. 18, 1833. 437 PIERCE BUTLER, July 5, 1830. Dec. 31, i860. Non-active Feb. 22, 1848. Died 438 HENRY S.BAKER, Jan. I, 1839. ./?M;i^J>cd }:\n. 5, 1874. Honorary Feb. 8, 1866. Nan-active 1850. Died May 16, 1874. Non-active 1850. Died 1843. Died Sept. 5> 1857. Non-active 1850. Died Oct. 22, 1864. Non-resident 1843- Died in New Orleans, La. Dropped June 14, 1858. Re-instated ]Mae 6, 1859- Died in Paris, May 19, 1S61. Honorary Nov. 5, 1866. Non-active Nov. 17, 1849. ist Lt and Bv't. Capt. nth U. S. Infantry, 1847. Honorary Oct. 25, 1848. Died Feb. 11, 1853. Non-active Nov. 4, 1850. Died 1843. Died Mar. i, 1845. Died June 16, 1845. Non-residentSevt. 15, 1845. Droppedtiov . 16, 1850. Non-active Nov. i, 1849. Died July 7, 1874. ■ Non-resident June 19, 1844. Died Feb. 10, 1843. Honorary Oct. 3, 1853. Died February, 1856. Non-resident 1849. Died in California. Non-active Nov. i, 1849, ""tl Sept. 4, 1862. Surgeon of the Troop. Honorary Feb. 22, 1847. Died DroppedVeb. 6, 1851. Non-active Nov. 6, 1862. Non-resident Jan. 6, 1850. Died in California. 1845. Re-instated and Non- Resigned Sept. IS activeHoi. 2, 1874. Non-active 1859. Dropped Feb. 6, 1851. Non-active Sept. 30, 1852. Honorary April 16, 1861. Non-active Nov. 15, 1852. Non-active 1852. Died Sept. 11, 1869. Non-active Nov. 15, 1852. Died Died Sept. 24, 1865. Capt. N. Y. Vol. Infantry 1847. Brig.-Gen'l U. S. Vols. Feb. 4, 1S62. Honorary Oct. 25, 1848. Died in City of Mexico, August, 1847. Non-active Mar. 7, 1853. 1 88 No. Members. Elected. Resigned. Remarks. 533 HENRY P. BORIE, July II, 1844. Non-active Nov. 10, 1851. 534 HENRY W. ANDREWS, July 13. 1844. April I 1867. Non-active 1859. 535 JOHN B. SHOEER, Sept. 13 1844. Non-active 1859. Died Nov. 27, 1864. 53S JOSEPH L. SCHAFFER, Non-active Nov. 10, 1851. Died Mar. 9, 1859. 537 HARRY McCALL, Nov. 25 1844. June 23 1845. 538 .MARINE T. W. CHANDLER, Sept. 15 1845. Non-resident Jan. 6, 1851 . Died Brazil June 8, 1868. 539 JAMES MASON, Sept. 19 1845. ^on-resident 1848. 540 MAHLON D. EYRE, ■' Dec. 31 ■859. Non-resident '^^n. 6, 1851. 541 WILSON EYRE, Honorary Feb. i, 1866. 542 ROBERT H. HARE, Oct. 9, 1845. Dec. 31 1853. Non-resident Jan. 6, 1851. 543 JOHN SERGEANT, JR., April 27 1S46. Non-active May 10. 1853. Died July 23, 1856. 544 PAUL BECK GODDARD, Mar. 16 1847. Surgeon of the Troop. Surgeon U. S. Vols. Honorary July 3, 1S66. Died July 3, 1S66. 545 WILLIA.M H. STEWART, Feb. 22, 1848. Honorary April 6, 1868. 546 W. SEWARD R.4NDALL, Honorary Sept 14, 1858. Died Sept. 23, 1866. 547 HENRYJ. BIDDLE, April 4 1848. Non-active Oct. 2, 1855. Capt. and Ass't. Adj.- Gen'l. Pa. Reserves. Wounded and prisoner June 30, 1862. Died in Richmond, Va., July 20, 1862. Honorary July 20, 1862. 543 CHAS. MACALESTER, JR., May 19, 1S48. Mar. 14 1854. Died March, 1873. 549 WILLIAM HENRY BECK, Oct. 25, 1848. Feb. 18, 1850. Died 1859. 550 WILLIA.M H. LOPER, Dropped 'Hov. 16, 1850. 551 MANUEL EYRE, Dec. 31, 1859- Non-resident Oct. 17, 1851. 552 ALEXANDER BIDDLE, Oct. 13, 1849. Non-active Nov. 11, 1856. Major 121st Pa. Vol. Inf y, 1862. Col. Dec. 1863. Honorary Feb. 3, 1868. 553 ROBERT THOMPSON, JR., Awi-arf/i't I.ieut. WILLIAM BLANCHARD, 1862—1865. Honorary Dec. 4, 1862. I go No. Memeers. Elected. Resigned. Remarks. 631 FREDERICK KLETT, JR., May 31, 185C1. Nori-actizfe July 1, 1S66. Died Oct. 11, 1869. 632 STEPHEN E. SMITH, June 6, 1859. Dropped Ivme: 20, 1867. 633 .ALFRED HORNER, JR., Oct. 1,1863. 634 JOS. PENROSE ASH, 2nd Lieut. 5th U. S. Cav. April 30, 1861 ; ist Lieut. 18621 Capt.1863; Bv'tMaj. and Lt.-Col. 1864. Honorary Dec. 5, 1861. Killed in battle May 8, 1864. 635 WILLIAM R. ANGIER, Oct. 5, 1859. June ,9, 1862. 636 FRANKLIN COXE, Nov. 22 1S50. Expelled Jnne 19, 1862. 637 GEORGE G. EVANS, Jnn. 26, 1S60. Dropped A^nX 17, 1873. J^,-^638 JOSEPH F. TOBIAS, Mar. I, i860. A. D.C. Pa. Vols.April 14,1862. Hon'ry Oct.9, 1867. 639 HARRISON T. DE SILVER, " Honorary June 7, 1870. Died Sept. 10, 1870. 640 DAVID B. BIRNEY, Mar. 29, i860. Lt.-Col. 23d Pa. Vol. InPy, 1861. Brig-Gen'l. 1862. Maj.-Gcn'l. U.S. Vols. 1863. Honorary Feb. 6, 1862 Died Oct. 18, 1864. 64. JOHN B. FASSITT, April 26 i860. Adj't 23d Pa. Vol. Inf'y, 1861. Capt. and A. D. C. 1862. Honorary Nov. 5, 1S63. 642 A. HAMILTON SMITH, Junes, 1S60. Vol. Ass't Surgeon 7nd U. S. Cav. 1861. U. S. A. Hospital, Philad'a, 1862. Honorary Dec. 6, 1869. 643 WILLIAM H. POTTER, July 18, i860. Honorary Sept 4, 1862. 644 MICHAEL WEAVER, Sept. 13, 1S60. May 5, 1864. Died 64s HARVEY B. GODDARD, Oct. 8, i860. ist Lieut, and A. D. C. of U. S. Inf'y, 1862. Honorary Dec. 2, 1867. Died in Cuba, Mar. 7, 1869. 646 JOHN W. GRIGG, Oct. 25, i860. Died Aug. 24, 1869. Honorary Oct. 15, 1874. 647 EDWARD G. TRASEL, Dec. 20 i860. Non-active Feb. 3, 1868. 648 EDWIN A. HENDRY, Dec. 4, 1862. Died Dec. 20, 1866. 649 ANDREW C. CATTELL, Jan. 10, 1861. Non-resident 1868. 650 GEORGE COCHRAN, June 19, 1862. 651 JOHN DEVEREUX, JR., Jan. 3t, 1 86,. Maj. 69th Pa. Vol. Inry, Aug. 19, 1862; Lt.-Col. Dec. I, 1862.— Mar. 26, 1863. Maj. 21st U. S. Vet. Res. Corps, 1866. Honorary Feb. 6, 1S62. 652 JOHN A. BROWN, JR., Feb. 7, 186,. Non-active Aug. i, 1868. 6S3 OLIVER W. BARNES, Feb. 14, 1861. Non-resident Jan. i, 1867. 6S4 JAMES WEST, JR., April IS, 1861. Dropped ]ane 15, 1871. Re-instated Oct. 23, 1874. Non-active Oct. 23, 1874. 655 EDWIN L. TEVIS, 2nd Lieut. 6th Pa. Vol. Cav. (Lancers) Oct. lu, 1861: 1st Lieut. 1862—1863. Honorary Feb. 6, 1862. 656 G. IRVINE WHITEHEAD, 1st Lieut. Pa.6th Vol. Cav (Lancers) Sept. 13, 1861. Maj. and Judge Advocate 4th Army Corps, Mar. 11, 1S63— Sept. 30, 1864. Honorary Feb. 6, 1862. 657 ROBERT E. GRAY, JR., April 17 1861. Dropped April 6, 1874. 658 AUGUSTUS M. CONOVER, Dropped Janz 18, 1868. 659 T. MORGAN BUDD, U. S. Navy. Honorary Oct. 25, 1861. 660 CHARLES M. WILLING, Died Sept. 3, i86i,of disease contracted in "three months' campaign." Honorary Oct. 15, 1874. 661 BENJAMIN P. SLOAN, ist Lieut. 2nd Pa. Vol Cav, Sept. 30, 1861 ; Capt. 1S64 — 1S65. Honorary Oct. 15, 1874. 662 EDWARD W. WHITE, Honorary Sept. 3, 1863. 663 GEORGE GILPIN, Oct. 2, 1862. 664 ALBERT V. SLOAN, Adj't 2nd Pa. Vol. Cav. Sept. 14, 1861 ; Captain 1862—1864. Honorary Oct. 15, 1874. 665 GABRIEL MIDDLETON, Capt. 2nd Pa. Vol. Cav. Sept. 16, 1861. Lt-Col. 20th Pa. Vol. Cav. 1864; Col. Mar. i, 1865. Bv't Brig.-Gen'l. April, 1865. Honorary Oct. 15,1874. 666 COOPER SMITH, April .3 1861. Sept. 5, 1861. 667 HORACE P. MITCHELL, Feb. 6, 1S62. 1st Lieut. 3d Pa. Vol Artillery, May 6, 1863- Aug. 16, 1865. Honorary Oct. 15, 1874. 668 HARTMAN KUHN, Nov. 8, 1861. Died in Rome, Italy, Jan. 21, 1870. 669 JAMES D. RELF, JR., Dropped K^xWd, 1865. 670 ROBERT P. WILSON, Adj't 3d Pa. Vol. Cav. Jan. 1862. 1st Lieut. 5th U. S. Cav. IMay 8, 1864. Capt. 5th U. S. Cav. June 12, 1869. Honorary Oct. 15. 1874. 671 JOHN H. CASWELL, Aug. I, 1861. Died Nov. 14, 1866. 672 D. C. F. RIVINUS, Dec. I, 1S64. 673 ANDREW J. PEMBERTON. . 2nd Lieut. 23d Pa. Vol. Inf'y, 1862—1863. Cript. id Md. Vol. Cav. 1863— 1864. 1st Lieut. 3d Pa, Vol, Cav. 1865. Honorary Oct. 15, 1874. 674 LEWIS McMAKIN, and Lieut 13th Pa. Vol. Cav. 1862—1865. Honorary Nov. i, 1862. ^^iH^ Jif /Un^<^ J—^ '~}-^-^L^t-J,'^\y\^ 191 No. Members. Elected. Resigned. Remarks. 67s FRANK D. WETHERILL, April 18, 1861. Feb. 6 1862. 2nd Lieut. 3d Pa. Vol.Cav. Feb. 17, 1862 ; ist Lieut. 1862 ; Capt. 1863 -1864. Honorary Oct. 15, 1874. 676 HENRY TUCKER, April ig, 1861. ist Lieut. 6th U. S. Cav. Aug. 5, 1861 : Bv't Capt. 1863. Honorary Sept. 3, 1863. Died Oct. 20, 1866. 677 WM. STEVENSON DAVIS, Died Nov. 29, 1864. 678 JAMES H. HARPER, Nov. I 1861. 679 CHARLES E. RICHARDS, ist Lie-Jt.6th Pa. Vol. Cav. (Lancers) Sept.23, 1861 : Capt. 1862 — 1863. Honorary Nov. 7, 1861. 680 CLIFFORD PEMBERTON, Feb. 6. 1862. 681 N. PARKER H.4VEN, .Vai!-rc-s!,ic-iit Mar. 6, 1862. 632 EDWARD S. WHELEN, JR.. .\-.m-,-siJci,t May 4, 1868. 683 JOSEPH P. WOOD, Feb. 6, 1S6S, 684 WILLIAM W. WOOD, DroppedUcc. 19, 1867. 685 JOSEPH P. BRINTON, Maj. 2nd Pa. Vol.Cav. Oct. 1861; Lt.-Col. 1862 ; Bv't Col. 1864. Judge Adv. Army of the Potomac, Oct. 1864. Honorary Nov. 7, 1861. 686 JAMES HENRY H.4SELTINE, Capt. 6th Pa. Vol. Cav. (Lancers) Sept. 18, 1861; Major Mar. i— Nov. 12, 1863. Honorary Feb. 6,1862. 687 CALVIN D. MEHAFFEY, 2nd Lieut, ist U. S. InPy Aug. 5, 1861 : Capt. Nov. 26, 1864. Died, Florence, N. J., Jan. 28, 1871. Honorary Oct. 15, 1874. 688 GALLOWAY C. MORRIS, Feb. 6, 1862. 689 ALEXANDER LESLEY, Nov. 2 1865. 690 SAMUEL H. J.A.COBS, /)«//,■«' Nov. 6, 1862. 691 WM. HARVEY MERRITT, .^pril 7, 1S64. 692 JOHN BORTHWICK, Engineer U. S. N. Honorary Nov. 7, 1861. 693 EDWARD S. COOPER, Droji/ied Dec. 4, 1862. 694 WILLIAM H. HOWELL, Feb. 3, 1S68. Resigned Nov. 7, i86i. Re-elected Sept. 12, 1862. 695 696 WILLIAM H. BUTLER, JOHN THOMPSON, Drupfcd April 6, 1865. Resigtied Oct.. 6, 1864. Re-elected May 6, 1S66. June I, 1868. 697 ALEXANDER HEMSLEV, Feb. 4, 1864. 698 ROBERT W. BICKLEY. 2nd Lieut. 3d Pa. Vol. Artillery Nov. 13, 1862: ist Lieut. 1864; Capt. 1S65. Honorary Oct. 15, 1874. 699 700 R. PATTERSON KANE, JOSEPH R. PAXTON, Dropped Sept. 17, 1867. Capt. 15th U.S. Inf'y,i86i. Honorary Nov.7,1861. Died in Houston, Texas, Aug. 20, 1867. 701 WILLIAM W.WURTS, Aug. I, 1861. 702 JOSEPH R. BURKE, Dropped Sefl. 6, 1861. 703 HORACE Y. EVANS, Surgeon of the Troop. Surg. U. S. A. May, 1S63. Honorary Feb. 5,1863. 704 NALBRO- FRAZIER, JR., Capt.2nd Pa. Vol.Cav. Nov. 23,1861— June 16,1864. Honorary May 4, 1868. 705 D.\NIEL W. RIDDLE, Aug. 1, 186,. 706 JOSHUA T. OWEN, May 13, 1861. May 31, 1861. Col. 24th Pa. Vol. Infy, 1861 : Col. 69th Pa. Vol. Inf y, 1861 : Brig.-Gen'l, Nov. 29, 1862. 707 CHARLES E.CADWALADER, ist Lieut. 6th Pa. Vol. Cav. (Lancers) Oct. 3, 1861: Capt. 1862 : Brevet Maj. and Lt.-Col. 1865. Honorary Oct. 14, 1874. 708 HENRY ASHHURST, Non-active Feb. 7, 1870. 709 FRANKLIN S. SEITZINGER, May 7, 1861. Nov. 7, 1 861. Died 710 CHARLES L. LEIPER, May 9, 1861. ist Lieut. 6th Pa. Vol. Cav. ( Lancers) Sept. 7, 1861: Capt. 1862; Major 1864; Lt.-Col. 1865; Col. 1865. Bv't Blig.-Gen'l.Mar.i3,i865. Honorary Feb.6,1862. 711 RUDOLPH ELLIS, • Adj't6th Pa. Vol.Cav. (Lancers) Nov. 20, 1862; Capt. April II— Dec.27,1864. Honorary June 7,1870. 712 CHARLES S. KEYSER, May 12, 1861. Feb. 5, 1863. 71J EDWARD LOWBER, JR., " May I, 1862. Died Dec. 10. 1866. 714 EMLEN N. CARPENTER, May 17,1861. 2nd Lieut.6th Pa. Vol. Cav. (Lancers) Sept. 13,1861; ist. Lieut. 1S62; Capt. 1863 ; Bv't Maj. and Lt.-Col. 1865. Honorary Dec. 6, 1869. 715 WILLIAM P. BRINTON, July 8, 1861. Capt. 2nd Pa. Vol. Cav. Oct. i, 1861. Lt.-Col. i8lh Pa.V0l.Cav.1863— 1865. Honorary Dec. 6, 1869. 716 OSGOOD WELSH, July 19,1861. Sept. 5 1 861' 2nd Lieut. 6th Pa. Vol. Cav. (Lancers) 1862— 1863. 717 WILLIAM C. BAKER, Oct. 25, 1861. Non-active Dec. 7, 1868. 718 FR-\NCIS E. FELTON Sept. 8, 1862. Dropped im. 4, i866. 719 WII,L1.\M P. CONOVER, JR , Nov. I, 1863. 720 JOHN LOWBER WELSH, Feb. 4, 1864. 192 No. 721 Members. Elected. Resigned. Remarks. J. LINDLEY JOHNSON, Sept. 12 1862. Non-active Jan. 5. 1874. 722 FRANCIS BARTON, " Oct. 6, 1S64. 723 7=4 JOSEPH R. WILKINS, JR., WILLIAM H. CAXBY, Nan-active Nov. 3, 1871. Died Nov. s, 1869. 725 JAMES D. WAGNER, Died Dec. 24, 1867. 726 RICHARD S. M.\SON, Jan. 5. 1865. 727 728 PETER A. BROWNE, GEORGE MARTIN, Sept. 13 J 862. Non-resident Nov. 5, 1868. Z)roAi>frfApril6, 1865. 729 A. LOUDON SNOWDEN, 730 HENRY S. WATTS, " " Dec. 4, 1862. 731 CHARLES B. COXE, 2nd Lieut.eth Pa.Vol.Cav.(Lancers) Nov. 20,1862; ist Lieut. 1864; Captain 1864; Major, 1865. Honorary April 6, 1866. Died Jan. 3, 1873. 732 RICHARD L. WILLING, Feb. s, 1863. 733 GEORGE E. BENSON, Sept. 29 1862. Aug. 6, 1863. Died Oct. II, 1865. 734 WILLIAM HALL MERCER. Dec. I, J 862. Died June 26, 1866. 735 0. WILSON DAVIS, Feb. 5, 1863. Dec. 7, 1868. 736 WILLIAM A. BORTHWICK, Sept. 3, 1863- Honorary June 3, 1867. ist Lieut. 6th U. S. Cav. DiedinTexas, June II, 1872. 737 GEORGE H. COLKET, Feb. 7, 1870. 738 R. SOMERS HAYS, Non-active Mar. 4, 1872. 739 T. CAMPBELL OAKMAN, 2nd Lieut.eth Pa. Vol. Cav. (Lancers) Mar. 4, 1865; ist Lieut. 1865 : Capt. 1865. Non-active Mar. 4, 1872. 74° WILLIAM E. ROGERS, Lieut. U. S. Engineers. Honorary Sept. 1863. 741 GILBERT H. NEWHALL, Non-active Feb. 7, 1871. 742 A. CHARLES BARCLAY, May s, 1864. 743 ALFRED C. HARRISON, Nov. 3, 1864. 744 GEORGE MORRIS, Feb. 4, 1864. 745 EDWARD H. SHAW, Jan. 4. ,86S. Non-resident November, 1863. 746 JONES WISTER, Non-resident Oct. 3. 1863. 747 CHARLES M. RHOADS, " Feb. 4, 1864. 748 CLEMENT B. BISHOP, Oct. 7, 1867. 749 750 CHARLES W. BROOKS, THEODORE WRIGHT, Zlro/Zfrf June 18, 1868. Jan. 4, 1866. 751 ALFRED D. JESSUP, JR., Non-active Nov. 7, 1870. 752 STEPHEN T. SOUDER, Non-active April 7, 1874. 753 EDWARD S. LAWRANCE Jan. 7, 1864. 754 SIDNEY H. BROWNE, Feb. 4, 1864. 2nd Lieut, ist Md. Vol. Cav. 1864 : ist Lieut. 1865. Honorary April 7, 1864. 755 ROB'T. JARVIS C. WALKER, June 4, 1864. Non-active Oct. 2, 1871. 7S6 P. FREDERICK GODDARD, July 12, 1864. Resigned Ocl. 6, 1864. Re-elected May 13, 1867. Non-active Mar. 2, 1874. 757 EDMUND RANDALL, Drojiped }nne ^a, 1867. 758 W. GEORGE OAKMAN, Nov. 3, 1864. Non-active Mar. 4, 1872. 759 FRANK H. CLARK, Nov. 5, 1866. iBt Lieut. 114th Pa. Vol. InPy, 1862— 1863. 760 BENJAMIN W. FRAZIER, April i3 1865. May 7, 1866. 761 HENRY PEPPER, Nov. 2, 1865. Feb. 3, 1868. 76. PETER P. BREEN, May 4, 1868. 763 WILLIAM H. CHANDLER, " Non-active April 6, 1874. 764 765 J. BOLTON HULME, CHARLES H. GIBSON, Feb. I 1866. Exfelled June 2, 1873. Dro/'/'edDitc. 19, 1867. Mar. I, 1866. 766 EMMOR D.FRENCH, May 7, 1866. Non-active Jan. 5, 1874. 767 THEODORE M. MORGAN, t)ec. s, 1870. .^ 768 769 770 HARRY W. DAVIS, Nov. i, 1866. Dropped lime. 15, 1871. Dropped Sept. 16, 1869. Non-actiz>e Nov. 4, 1874. CHARLES H. STEWART, May 6, Nov. 4, 1867. 1867. JAMES J. MACDOWELL, 771 P. LACEY GODDARD, Dec. 6, 1869. 2nd Lieut. 8th Pa. Vol. Cav. Sept. 24, 1861 ; ist Lieut and Adj'J. 1862; Capt. 1862. Capt. and A. D. C. H'dq's. Cav. Corps A. of P. 1863—1864. 772 JOHN B. DICKSON, Resigned Dec. 6, 1869. Re-elected Nov. 9, 1874. 773 WI LLIAM STRUTHERS, JR. , Resigned 'ixmti i, 1868. Re-elected ItcfK. 30, 1874. 774 ROBERT GREER, Died June 12, 1873. 775 776 JEREMIAH L, HUTCHINSON HENRY P. REPPLIER, Feb. I, 1868. />>■,.//.- Person for himself, upon his word ok honour, agree that he will strictly and firmly adhere to, and abide by, every article from this time till the first day of May next ; when a Meeting of the Subscribers shall be called, to consider whether the further continuance of this obligation be then Necessary. Fifthly. It is agreed, that if goods of any kind do arrive from Great Britain, at such time or under such circumstances as to render any signer of this Agreement suspected of having broken his Promise, the Committee now appointed shall enquire into the premises, and if such suspected person refuses, or cannot give them Satisfaction, the Subscribers hereto will, unanimously, take all prudent measures to discountenance and prevent the Sale of such goods, until they are released from the agreement by mutual and general Consent. Lastly. As it may be necessary that a Committee of the Subscribers be appointed to wait on the Traders of this City, to get this present agreement universally subscribed, the following Gentlemen are ap- pointed for that Purpose. — Thomas Willing & Samuel Mifflin, Esqrs., Thomas Montgomery, Samuel Howell, Samuel Wharton, John Rhea, William Fisher, Joshua Fisher, Peter Chevalier, Benjamin Fuller & Able James. This agreement was signed by three hundred and seventy-five merchants of Philadel- phia; among whom the names of the following members of the Company appear, all of whom served in the War of the Revolution ; the first twelve being of the twenty-eight founders of the Troop. Andrew Allen, Samuel Morris, Jr., James Mease, ( Mease & Miller), James Hunter, James Budden, John Mease, William Pollard, John Boyle, William Tod, ( Willing & Tod), John Mitchell, (Carson, Barclay & Mitchell), Samuel Caldwell, Andrew Caldwell, i Willm & And" Caldwell), David H. Conyngham, (Conyngham & Nesbitt), John M. Nesbitt, (Conyngham & Neseitt), Isaac Cox, Thomas Bond, Jr., Cadwalader Morris, (Cad. & Saml. C. Morris). FRAGMENT OF A REPORT from a detachment of the Troop, found among the papers of Captain Markoe, to whom it was addressed : Albany, Monday morng. ibth Octr lyyj. Sir. We have the pleasure to inform you of our safe arrival here with the Cash under our Care having met with no inter- ruption in our march. The Express has just engaged a waggon to carry the money forward which will be ready to proceed with us imme- diately after dinner say i o'clock so that we hope to reach Ticonderoga some time on Wednesday night. We have nothing further that's material to communi- cate but as it is our Duty so we hope it will be agreeable to you to know that we are so far safe on so long a Journey & may be satisfactory to the to receive this to assure them that w ommands in the best manner possible — being gone to Ticonderoga we shall the letter we have in charge directed for behalf of the Gentn of our Party & by Order all. Sir, Yr. Obt. Servt., SAM'L CALDWELL. THE FOLLOWING is a copy of a printed circular which has been preserved among the Troop, papers bearing upon the Mutiny referred to on page 27 of this book. On the third line the word " Princeton" is written over the word "Trenton" erased. Captain Morris and Private Blair McCIenachan were two of the three commissioners appointed under the terms of this paper. PROPOSALS Made to the non-commissioned Officers and Soldiers of the Pennsylvania Line, at Princeton, January 7, ijSi. HIS Excellency Joseph liccd. Esquire, President, and the Honourable Brigadier-General Potter, of the Council of Pennsylvania, having heard the Complaints of the Soldiers, as represented by the Sergeants, inform them, that they are fully authorized to redress reasonable Grievances, and they have the fullest Disposition to make them as easy as possible ; for which End they propose. First. That no non-commissioned Officer or Soldier shall be detained beyond the Time for which he freely and voluntarily engaged, but where they appear to have been in any Respect compelled to enter or sign, such Enlistment to be deemed void, and the Soldier discharged. Secondly. To settle who are and who are not bound to stay, three Persons to be appointed by the President and the Council, who are to examine into the Terms of Enlistment ; — where the original Enlist- ments cannot be found, the Soldier's Oath to be admitted to prove the Time and Terms of Enlistment, and the Soldier to be discharged upon his Oath of the Condition of the Enlistment. Thirdly. Where-ever any Soldier has enlisted for three Years or during the War, he is to be discharged, unless he shall appear afterwards to have re-enlisted voluntarily and freely. — The Gratuity of One hundred Dollars given by Congress, not to be reckoned as a Bounty, or any Men detained in Consequence of that Gratuity. — The Commissioners to be appointed by the President and Council, to adjust any Difficulties which may arise on this Article also. Fourthly. The Auditors to attend as soon as possible, to settle the Depreciation with the Soldiers and give them Certificates. — Their Arrearages of Pay to be made up as soon as Circumstances will admit. Fifthly. A Pair of Shoes, Overalls and Shirt will be delivered to each Soldier in a few Days, as they are already purchased and ready to be sent forward, whenever the Line shall be settled. — Those who are dis- charged to receive the above Articles at Trenton, producing the General's Discharge. The Governor hopes that no Soldier of the Pettnsylvania Line will break his Bargain, or go from the Contract made with the Public — and they may depend upon it, that the utmost Care will be taken to furnish them with evei-y Necessary fitting for a -Soldier. The Governor will recommend to the State to take some favourable Notice of those who engage for the War. The Commissioners will attend at Trenton, where the Clothing and the Stores will be immediately brought, and the Regiments to be settled with in their Order. A Field Officer of each Regiment to attend during the Settlement of his Regiment. Pursuant to General Wayne'i Orders of the 2d Instant, no Man to be brought to any Trial or Censure for what has happened on or since New-Year's Day, but all Matters to be buried in Oblivion. JOS. REED, JAMES POTTER. THE FOLLOWING ACCOUNT paid by the Troop for the entertainment given by it to General Washington at the City Tavern, Philadelphia, is here inserted in the absence of a bill of fare. Light Troop of Horse, September the 14th 1787 To Edw" Moyston Dr To 55 Gentlemens Dinners & fruit Rellishes Ollives &c 20. 12. 6 54 Bottles of Madera 20. 5. o 60 of Claret ditto 21. o. o 8 ditto of Old Stock 3. 6. 8 22 Bottles of Porter ditto 2. 15. o 8 of Cyder ditto l5. o 12 ditto Beer 12. o 7 Large Bowls of Punch 4. 4. o Segars Spermacity Candles &c 2. 5. o To Decanters Wine Glass & Tumblers Broken &c i. 2. 6 To 16 Musician & Servants dinners 2. o. o 16 Bottles of Claret 5. 12. o 5 ditto Madera i. 17. 6 7 Bowls of Punch 2. 16. o £&9- 4-2 c AMP REGULATIONS AT MOUNT BULL. Regularity of Conduct in every individual and strict obedience of orders is expected. The Orderly Sergt. will keep a regular Roster and Orderly Book — All Guards will be detailed at Evening Parade by him and delivered to the proper Non-Com. Officers and he will see that all Orders are strictly carried into Execution — The Guards for the present will be 1. The Vidette of the day. 2. A Camp Guard of 2 N. C. Officers & 4 privates to be stationed according to circumstances on the most eligible situations — the N. C. Officers to relieve each other every 4 hours and the Sentinels every 2 hours. 3. The Patroles. 4. The Police Guard to consist of the Camp Guard of the preceeding day, whose duty shall be to clean the Camp, furnish wood & water and attend all fatigue duty of the day. Two as Cooks for the succeeding day will be detailed by the Q. Master. At 4 A. M. the whole detachment will turn out, saddle & remain ready to mount 'till return of Patroles, after day light — when, if they report Alls well— the Stable Call will be sounded — the Horses will be unsaddled, cleaned, watered & fed — after which the Gentlemen will prepare for Breakfast at 8 A. M. — At 9 A. M. Boots & Saddles and Sword Drill— At lo A. M. To Horse and Drill— At 12 M. Water Call and feed— At 2 P. M. Dinner Call— At 3 P. M. Saddles.— At 3^ To Horse and Drill.— At 5 P. M. Water Call and Horses put up for the the Night — At 6j4 Evening Parade — At sun-setting. The Retreat — Supper & all fires & lights ex- tinguished — At 8 P. M. Watch Setting, when Silence must take place & be preserved thro'out the Night. In case of Alarm it is expected every one will turn out with alacrity but without hurry & confusion or the least noise of Voice, Rattling of Swords or otherwise — Saddle and repair to such station as ordered with- out asking any questions. Silence on all occasions on duty is expected but in case of a Night Alarm most positively demanded. Non Commissioned Officers to give Orders to Sentinels in a distinct & low tone of voice — No Sentinel to pay any compliment after sun set or know any one after dark, but by the Countersign which must also be given in a distinct & low tone of voice. Sentinels will be particularly careful how they occasion alarms — If they discover anything suspicious they must immediately call the Officer of the Watch without noise, who will if he thinks it necessary call the Commanding Officer. By order CHARLES ROSS, Capt. Vidette Outpost Mount Bull Commanding Videttes 1st Sept: 1S14. L 1ST OF SUBSCRIBERS to the Troop Equipment Fund of July, 1864. Of the whole amount contributed, ^10,615.00; $9,615.43 (go)i per cent.) was returned to the sub- scribers with a letter of thanks to which was annexed the following extract from the minutes : •' Resolved, That the thanks of the First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry be tendered to the patriotic gentlemen and corporations who so liberally responded when called upon for money needed to assist the Troop in purchasing horses for recruits and others, who were themselves unable to bear the whole expense, and that, after deducting the actual loss on the horses bought with tliis fund, the balance of the money be returned to the contributors.'* Singleton A. Mercer, Thomas Smith, Philadelphia Bank, Pennsylvania R. K. Co., Philad'a & Reading R. R. Co., Insurance Co. of North America, Delaware Mutual Insurance Co., McKean, Borie & Co., Penn'a Co. for Ins. on Lives, &c., Philadelphia Saving Fund, Franklin Fire Insurance Co., The Mutual Assurance Co., Philadelphia Contributionship, First N.\tional Bank, C. & H. Borie, S. & W. Welsh. George C. Car.son, A. D. Jessup, E. W. Clark & Co., Drexel & Co., ,000 Jay Cooke & Co., $200. 500 H. T. De Silver, •SO. 500 Stephen T. Souder, 150. 500 Edward S. Whelen, Jr., 100. 500 0. W. Davis, 100. 500 Charles H. Graff, 100 500 Charles Howell, 100 500 Thomas Sparks. 100 500 Charles W. Cushman, 100 500 BowEN & Fox, 100 SCO M. Thomas & Sons, 100 500 Gaw, Macalester & Co , 100 300 Work, McCouch & Co., loq 250 Yarnali. & Trimble, 100 250 Massev, Collins & Co., 100. 250 Jas. Graham & Co., 1 00. 250 Tyler & Co., 100. 250 Union Mutual Insurance Co., 100 200 Bank of Commerce, 100 200 T. A. Biddle & Co., 75- p ROCEEDINGS IN EQUITY for the recovery of the Letter of Discharge which had J- been given to the Troop by General Washington at the close of the Trenton and Prince- ton campaign, and which has been in the possession of Captain Samuel Morris and his descendants since the year 1S03, were begun in the jear 1S66; Edward Wain, Esq., having volunteered his services, ably conducted the argument on behalf of the Troop. The following is an abstract of the case as reported in 18 P. F. Smith, page 16 : — Supreme Court of Pennsylvani.-\. Morris' Appeal, February 21st, 1S71. Before Thompson, C. J., Agnew, Sharswood, and Williams, J. J. Read, J., at Nisi Prius. Appeal from the decree at Nisi Prius: In Equity: No. 22 to January Term, 1S67. The bill was filed November I3lh, iS66,by the First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry, against Samuel Morris and EUiston P. Morris. V)ti(ixte pro forma for complainant. The defendants appealed. P. Pemberlon Morris, Esq., for appellants. Edward Wain, Esq., for appellees. The opinion of the Court was delivered March 2d, 187 1, by Sharswood, J. — In 1774, a number of gentlemen of Philadelphia formed a volunteer company of cavalry and tendered their services to the Continental Congress. They called themselves " The Philadelphia Troop of Light Horse." They served during several years of the war of the Revolution. At the close of the campaign of 1776-7, perhaps the most arduous of the whole contest, General Washington, by a general order, after the performance of their tour of duty, discharged them from the service for the time being, and in doing so took occasion to compliment them in high teniis for their discipline and bravery. The document is not a letter addressed either to the Troop or their commander, but just what I have designated it, a "general order," concluding formally, as all orders do: "Given at Headquarters at Moms- town, this 23d January, 1777." That this general order should be transmitted to the captain of the Troop, to be read at their head, was in the usual course of military procedure. It would be a very curious question, and not easy on principle or authority to determine, in whom the property of the paper vested, when it was so transmitted. It may be that the gentlemen then composing the Troop would be joint-owners, and then it would seem to follow that whoever had possession might hold it as against the other proprietors, but that on his death it would go to the survivors; any one obtaining possession having a right to keep it, until the last survivor, who could make what use he pleased of the document, being accountable to no one. This would be to apply to it the rule of property as to chattels jointly owned. But then came in the Act of Assembly, passed March 31st, 1812, S Smith 395, which converted all joint-tenancies then existing, whether in lands or chattels, into tenancies in common, and abolished the right of survivorship. It appears, however, very clearly that from the earliest period not only the custody and possession, but the property, was recognized to be in Samuel Morris, then the captain of the Troop. The circumstances clearly evince that this was acquiesced in by all the gentlemen interested. Captain Marris resigned his command in 1783. In 1794, John Dunlap was chosen captain. Some time afterwards, within a short period, he had prepared, as it would seem, at his own expense, a silver plate, so as to admit a likeness of General Washington, and had engraved on it the words of the general order of discharge, together with the names of the gentlemen members of the Troop at the time it was issued. In a letter to him, without date. Captain Dunlap requests Captain Morris to accept this plate "as a testimony of merited esteem." On the reverse of the plate is also engraved these words: " As a testimony of attachment to my valued friend, Captain Samuel Morris, and for the better preservation of the certificate from our beloved general, in which the feelings of the gentlemen of the Troop and of myself are interested, I have caused it to be engraven on this plate, of which I ask his acceptance. John Di;nlap." The letter before referred to also states: " A recess is formed on the back part of the plate to admit and pre- serve the original, which should be, as far as in our power, protected from accident or injury." It is not a subject of contention, and cannot be, that the silver case was presented to and became the private property of Captain Morris. What could well be more absurd than the idea that the silver case should be owned and possessed separate and apart from the paper it was made for the purpose of preserving ! There are no minutes extant of the Troop at that period, but it is not to be supposed for a moment, from the character of the gentlemen and the nature of the transaction, that this thing was done in a comer. It was no doubt known to all the members of 1777, who were then surviving, and met their entire approbation. From that time down to 1823, no question was mooted upon the subject. Captain Morris died in i8l2. In 181 5, it appears the corps took the name of the First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry, in consequence, no doubt, of other similar troops having been formed. It was incorporated by that title by an act of Assembly passed April 4, 1S63, Pamph. L. 289. Were it at all material, there would perhaps not be much difficulty in tracing and making out the succession of the incoi-porated body to all the rights of property of the voluntary association, though the name was changed. It is not, however, important. If the property of the paper in question ever was in the association, or if there was ever a trust for them, what was done by them in 1823 puts an end to their claim. ' They then appointed a committee "to search for original documents and property of the Troop," who reported the facts of the case in regard to this order of discharge, stating that it was in the possession of Luke W. Morris, a son of Captain Morris, and that he considered "both the silver case and the letter of discharge as the property of his family," upon which report a resolution was adopted by the Troop that " they have no claim upon the silver case or the letter of discharge." Now, if they had any title before, here is a clear relinquishment to the family of Captain Morris — a gift, or what is the same thing, a solemn admission of a previous gift. On the other hand, not putting this, which seems to be the most natural, construction upon it, we have here a distinct assertion by Luke W. Morris of his absolute property, with no trust expressed, acquiesced in by the Troop, upon the faith of which he had a/ac simi'/e of the order engraved, and a number of copies struck off and presented to them. Surely, if it was a deposit or bailment before to which any trust attached, which would prevent the bar of the Statute of Limitations, such a relation ended at that time. Here was an open, express denial of the rights of the plaintiffs, followed by exclusive adverse possession, and full knowledge on the part of the cestuis que trust : Hill on Trustees 264, note. They lie by forty-three years without instituting any proceedings, either at law or in equity, to assert their alleged title, and it would be contrary to all principle and every decided case to listen to them at so late a day. Decree reversed, and now it is ordered and decreed that the bill be dismissed with costs. Within the past year there has been discovered among the papers of the Troop, the original letter" a copy of which Captain Dunlap sent to Captain Morris at the time of the preparation of the silver plate. This letter contains on the last line of its page and also in I Sec pages 40 and 41. the handwriting of Captain Dunlap the following :—" Copy delivered to Capt. Morris, Sept. 2, 1S03, J.D." The copy, which was produced at the time of the argument, and then supposed to be the original, had no date; and the learned judge in his opinion says the silver plate with this letter was presented by Captain Dunlap shortly after he had been chosen Captain in 1 794. If this had been the case it would indeed have been more difficult to understand his action, and, as the minutes of. that year have been lost, it- might even be possible to suppose that he was directed to hand the document to Captain Morris by a unanimous vote of the Troop. This letter fixes the date of the presentation of the plate in September, 1803. By referring to the minute-book we find, under date of June 30, 1803 :—" Captain Dunlap, Lieutenant Hall, and Lieutenant Smith, expressed their determination to resign their Commissions and requested the Troop to select proper characters to supply the vacancies occasioned by this event;" under date of July 29, 1803 :— " Captain Dunlap then informed the Troop that he, Lieutenant Hall, and Lieutenant Smith, had resigned their Commissions into the hands of the Governor." Resolutions of regret were passed at the same meeting. On the fifteenth of August an election was held to fill the vacancies, and Robert Wharton was chosen Captain, and Charles Ross and Joseph B. McKean, Lieutenants. On the seventeenth of October it was resolved that a public dinner be given to "the late officers of the Troop" on the third Saturday of the following month. It is supposed that the dinner did not take place. The minutes of a meeting held on the nineteenth of November (the day which had been fixed upon for the dinner), are silent on the subject, and but a single line mentions the receipt of the reply' of the late officers to the resolutions of regret which had been passed at the July meeting. These minutes are quoted to show that the best feeling prevailed between the Troop and Captain Dunlap, yet no allusion is made on its records, or in his letter, to the Washington Letter of Discharge, or to the silver case which he had gotten made for its safe-keeping. The giving of the document and case to Captain Morris, as the learned judge suggests in his opinion, was probably not done in a corner, but it is certainly very probable that the men who composed the active roll of the Troop in the year 1803 were not, as a body, consulted in the matter. The undoubted explanation of the motive of the gift is as follows :— The document with the other papers of the Troop was in the possession of Captain Dunlap during the time he was in command, 1794 to 1803. He must have received it from his predecessor, Captain Febiger, who must have received it from Captain Miles, who succeeded Captain Morris in 1786. This would only be carrying out the custom obtaining in all volunteer military organizations, and we know from living testimony that this was the usage in the Troop as early as 1813. Captain Dunlap and Lieutenant Hall were the last of the original members to retire from the active roll, they felt anxious that this record of honorable service should be preserved ; that although it was the property of the Troop as a body, yet the survivors of the men who had received it from the hands of Washington on the twenty-third of January, 1777, had some peculiar interest in it (Captain Dunlap put their names on the piece of cotton-cloth on which the letter was pasted), that it would be more jealously guarded by some one of their number, and that Captain Morris, who had been in command at the time of its receipt, should be its custodian. Captain Dunlap conceived the idea of putting the document in some kind of a case or box ; he would make this case of such intrinsic value that it would be locked up with the family plate, and thus its contents would be removed from many of the risks which attend the keeping of a piece of paper. In this way, in 1803, the document passed into the possession of the family which now holds it, and whose claims appear to have been strengthened by the unaccountable action of the Troop twenty years afterwards. Captain Dunlap should certainly have handed it to his successor in office — he could not with propriety have made a gift of it to any one. We are at a loss to discover the circumstances which induced the committee of 1823 to report "that the Troop have no claim upon the silver case or the letter of discharge," and cannot under- stand the adoption of a resolution in those words. No further mention of this letter appears on the minutes until thirty years more had elapsed, when a committee was appointed to obtain it from the family of Captain Morris. Mr. Samuel B. Morris, a grandson, had the letter, and refused to part with it; and in February, 1854, inclosed to the Troop an opinion of Henry J. Williams, Esq., in support of his claim. In 1863 the question was again agitated and the Troop, through its legal adviser Edward Wain, Esq. (a great-grandson of Captain Morris), demanded of Messrs. Samuel Morris and EUiston P. Morris, executors of Mr. Samuel B. Morris, who died in 1859, the restoration of the document, and, being refused, commenced the proceedings which resulted as set forth above. The Troop having exhausted its legal remedies, can only re-assert its honest belief in the justice of its claims to the Letter of Discharge, and express the hope that the present possessor may be convinced that, notwithstanding the circumstances which he believes secures it to him through descent, the document should be in the archives of the Troop pENERAL OFFICERS of the First Brigade, VT (National Guard.) First Division, Pennsylvania Militia Major Generals. COMMISSIONED. 1793 James Irvine. 1794 Walter .Stewart. 1796 Thomas Proctor. 1800 Thomas Mifflin. 1800 Thomas Proctor. 1802 John Shee. 1807 John Barker. 1S08 Isaac Worrall. 1824 Thomas Cadwalader. 1828 Robert Patterson. 1867 Charles M. Prevost. Brigadier Generals. 1793 Thomas Proctor. 1796 William M.4cpherson. 1799 Francis Gurnev. 1802 John Shee. 1803 John Barker. 1807 Michael Bright. iSio Robert Wharton. 1 812 George Bartram. 1814 Thomas Cadwalader. 1824 Robert Patterson. 1828 Andrew M. Prevost. 1842 George Cadwalader. 1865 John P. Bankson. CENTENNIAL ORDERS. -fbiladelphja r>. ' in Full Drefs, mounted order, (white breeches,) mounted, on Tuefday, November 17th, 1874, at 12 o'clock, noon, being the One Hundredth Anniversary of the organi- zation of the Troop, to take part in the Divifion Parade ordered in honour of that event. ]". The Troop will affemble at the Armory in Full Drefs, mounted order, (white breeches and ball fpurs,) difmounted, on Tuefday, November 17th, 1874, ^XjYi o'clock, P. M., to participate in the Centennial Banquet. By order, M. EDWARD ROGERS, Captain. JOS. LAPSLEY WILSON, Firft Sergeant. 1774 ^^74 FIRST TROOP PHILADELPHIA CITY CAVALRY. NOVEMBER 17 th, 1874. BILL OF FARE. Oysters on Shell. Latour Blanche. Chateau Y'Quem. Julienne Soup. Soup h. la Reine. Sherry. Boiled Salmon, Lobster Sauce. Baked Rock, Madeira Sauce. Lieefraumilch. Hocheimer. Filet de Bo?uf. Hot Boned Turkey. Vegetables. Champagne, " F. T. P. C. C." Pate il la Financiere. Sweet Breads and Peas. Croquettes. Roman Punch frozen in Oranges. Boned Pheasants. Roast Grouse. Boned Partridges. Roast Quail. Terrapin. Champagne Frappe, " F. T. P. C. C' Canvasback Ducks. Madeira. Lettuce. Fried Oysters. Pat4 de Foies Gras. Roquefort Cheese. Crackers. Chambertin. Ices. Jellies. Charlotte Russe. Meringues. Fruits. Almonds. Raisins, Confections. Coffee. Liqueurs. Piece MontSe. Cigars. Cigarettes. Cognac. Whiskey. INDEX. Index. \ CTIVF, ROLI Allen, Lieut., resigns .... Anniversary. Fiftieth, of the Troop One Hundredth, " Armories, Comer-stone of Armory of lS63,laid 1874, " Atlantic Telegraphic Cable, Procession in celebration of the laying of . ■pAiNBRiDGE, Wm. Capt., U. S. N., Escort of Bank of the United States, 1780 . Subscriptions by Troopers to . Escort of specie for Bankson, John P., Address at Centenni.il Banquet Biddle, James, Com. U.S.N., Funeral Escort of BiRNEY, David B . , Maj. Gen . , Funeral Escort of Board of War, 1781, Letter of thanks from . Brandywine, Battle of British Hostages, Pursuit of escaped " Buckshot War " Burning of the Bridge at Columbia, Pa. Butler, Captain, Biographical Sketch of Page 177 5 50 91 125 79 /^adwalader, George, Maj. Gen., U. S. A., Escort of Cameron, Simon, U. S. Senator; Address at Centennial Banquet Campaign of 1776-77 .... Members in ser\'ice Campaign of 1777, Sept., Oct. . Members in service . Campaign of 1777, Nov., Dec. . Campaign of 1778 Campaign of 1779 Members in service . Campaign of 1780 Members in service . Campaign of 1781 Members in service . Campaign of 1794 Members in service . Campaign of 1799 ..... Members in service . Camp.aign of 1S14 Members in service Campaign of 1838 Members in service . Page Pagb Campaign of i86i .Acceptance of offer of services 57 ■p\AVIES, Thomas F., D. D., Sermon . 92 Equipment Fund 58 Mustered into U. S. service 58 Decatur, Stephen, Com. U. S. N., Escort of 15 Left Philadelphia 60 Funeral escort of . 56 Attached to 2d U. S. Cavalry 60 De Silver, Harrison T., Major, Funeral of 84 Gen. Patterson in command 60 Detachment of Troop, at Albany, N. Y. 5 Gen. Banks in command 64 " (Appendix) . Returned to Philadelphia . 65 at Fort Ticonderoga 5 Mustered out of U.S. service 66 at Lancaster, Pa. S Members in service 66 at Cambridge, Mass. 6 Campaign of 1863, Acceptance of offer of ser- at New York . 6 vices .... 71 at Providence, R. I. 6 Left Philadelphia 71 with Gen. Mercer 6 Gen. Couch in command . 71 at Reading, Pa, 6 Returned to Philadelphia 77 at Williamsburg, Va. 6 Reported to Gen. Cadwal- at Amboy, N. J. 6 der for provost duty 77 with prisoners to Discharge from Gen. Cad- Reading, Pa. ■3 walader 77 with Washington at Discharge from Governor Chestnut Hill 15 Curtin 78 at York and Lan- Members and recruits in caster, Pa. . ■5 ' service 78 with La Fayette, at Campaign of 1864, Tender of services declined Barren Hill . 15 by State and United States at Trenton, N. J. 30 authorities 80 to arrest spies, 1779 16 Acceptance of offer of ser- 17S. 31 vice by Gen. Cadwalader 80 to conduct prisoners Discharge from Gen. Cad- to Fort Delaware . 77 walader 81 at Harrisburg, Pa. . 88 Captains '35 Dinner Given to the Troop by citizens of Celebration of "The Triumph of Civil Philadelphia . 79 AND Religious Liberty in France " 52 Celebration of Centennial Anniversary of the Troop 9' Services at St. Peter's and St. "PNCAMPMENT at Bath, Bucks Co. . 52 Clement's Churches 92 at Brandywine Springs, Ches- Reception at Armory 97 ter Co 56 Parade in honor of 98 at Bristol, Bucks Co. . 57 Banquet 99 at Chester, Delaware Co. 53 Members present at celebration 106 at Gwynned, Montgomery Co. 55 Orders (Appendix) at Yellow Springs, Chester Co. 52 Bill of Fare at Banquet (App'x). Escort of 29th Regiment, Pa. Vols. 79 Escort of Return of the Volunteers from the war of the Rebellion . Equipment Fund, i86i . ... 1864 (Appendix) Execution of British Emissaries .GE PaGB Hartranft, John F., Governor of Penna, 82 I Inauguration of . 88 Address at Centennial Banquet 107 Honorary Ron 171 28 Hull, Com. U.S.N. , Funeral escort of . -54 "TfALLiNG Waters, Va., Skirmish at . .62 Febiger, Captain, Biographical Sketch of 140 Federal Procession, in honor of adoption of United States Constitution 33 Fillmore, Millard, President, Escort of . 56 Flags, presented by a number of ladies (l86l) 58 Foundling Hospital . . .34,41 " Fries' Insurrection " .... 38 FRELINGHir/SEN, FREDERICK, Letter from 35 Fullerton, Private George, killed . . 5 Funeral Escort, Thomas Jefferson and John Adams . . . .51 Henry Clay ... 57 Dr. E. K. Kane, U. S. N. . 57 Gen. P. F. Smith, U. S. A. . 57 Brig. Gen. F. E. Patterson, U. S. A. . 70 Col. UlricDahlgren, U.S.A. 82 Adm. Chas. Stewart, U.S.N. 83 Maj. Gen. George G. Meade, U.S. A 87 /general Officers, ist Brig, ist Div. N. G. of Pennsylvania (Appendix) . Gerard M., French Embassador, Escort of 16, 18 Germantown, Battle of .... 14 Gloucester Fox-hunting Club . . 2 Grigg, John W., Funeral of . . - . 83 Grant, Ulysses S., President, Inauguration of 88 TTAll, Lieut. William, Resignation of . 40 Funeral of . 52 Harrison, Wiu-iam Henry, President, Funeral escort of 54 Hart, Captain, Biographical 6ketch of . 151 TNAUGURATION of Governor of Pennsylvania, and of the President of the United States, 1873 88 Jackson, Andrew, President of the United States, escort of . . 53 Funeral Escort of . 56 James, Captain, Funeral of . . -7° Dedication of Monument to 84 Biographical .Sketch of -153 Japanese Embassy, Escort of . . . 57 Johnson, Andrew, President of the United States, Escort of . . 82 Jones, Jacob, Capt. U. S. N., Escort of . 43 T A Fayette at Barren Hill, Montgomery Co. 1 5 •^ Escort of . . -49 Lardner, Captain, Biographical Sketch of . 149 Leipee, Thomas, First-Sergeant, Funeral of . 51 Light Dragoons, Company of. Raised by members of the Troop . 37 of Wilmington, Del. Guests of the Troop . , 55 Lincoln, Abraham, President of the United States, escort of . . 80 Funeral Escort of . 81 Monument unveiled 87 \ 4 ARKOE, Captain, chosen ... 4 presents Standard . 4 resigns .... 5 Biographical Sketch of . 135 Marshall, John, Sec'y of War, Escort of . 36 Meeting Places AND Armories 125 Mercer, Hugh, Brig. Gen. U. S. A., Letter from .... 6 Re-interment of . . 54 Page Miles, Captain, Biographical Sketch of . 138 Morris, Captain, chosen .... 5 Funeral of . . 43 Biographical Sl^etch of . 136 Morris, Robert, Jr., Major, Funeral of . 79 MOTT, Gen'l, Address at Centennial Banquet, 1 10 " Mount Bull " Campaign .... 44 Camp Regulations (App'x.) Mutiny of the Pennsylvania Line, 1781 . 27 Proposals to Insurgents (App'x.) Mutiny of the Pennsylvania Line, 17S3 33 vton-Importation Agreement, i 765 (App'x) "Northampton Expedition" ... 38 /^FFICERS, List of Orders, Centennial (Appendix) Original Members Original Officers . pAOLl Massacre, Annivei-saries of the . Paoli Monument, Subscription to restore Park, Mrs. Robert J., Silver presented to Parker, Joel, Governor of New Jersey, Ad- dress at Centennial Banquet Patterson, Robert, Maj. Gen. U. S. A., Letter from .... Address at Centennial Banquet Pickering, Timothy, Sec'y of State, Letter from Pierce, Franklin, President of the United States, Escort of . Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, Letter from Pittsburgh Fire, Subscription to Relief-Fund Polk, James K., President of the [.Jnited States, Escort of . Powder Magazine, Duty at . . . Princeton, Battle of . , . • ■p ANDALL, Cornet Samuel ]., Provost-martial at Columbia, Pa Reception Centennial ... Regiment of Cavalry, Troop joined Attempt made to recruit a Regiment op Infantry, Troop attached to Return of Battle Flags of the Pennsylvania Volunteer Regiments . Riley, Theodore M., D. D., Sennon . Riot at the House of James Wilson (1779) apprehended (1798) apprehended at execution of mail robber, Porter in the Northern Liberties I 1S34) in the " southern suburbs " ( 1S34) in Southwark (1842) in Kensington (1843) (1844) . in Southwark (1844) in Moyamensing (1849) apprehended (1868) apprehended (1869) Robeson, Miss Mary, Presentation of silver plate to . Rogers, Captain Fairman, Biographical sketch of Rogers, Captain M. Edward, Biographic: sketch of Rolls . Ross, Captain, Biographical sketch of . Funeral of . cchuylkill fishing company . Schuylkill Company of Fort St. Davids Sheridan, Philip H., Maj. Gen. U. S. A., Escort of Smith, Captain, presented with sword Biographical sketch of Smith, Lieut. Robert, Resignation of Sons of St. George, Society of . . . Sons of St. Patrick, "... St. Andrew's Society 156 157 ■45 49 S3 49 148 40 4 3 3 •^ Pagb Standard Presented by Captain Markoe . 4 The Old Standard . . ■ «I9 The Standard of 1797 . ■ 123 Subscribers to Company Fund, 1861 . . 58 Armory Bonds, 1863 . .129 Equipment Fund, 1864 (App'x) Centennial Fund, 1874 • ■ >33 'T'^AYLOR, Zachary, President of the United States, Funeral of . 5^ Thomas, George H., Maj. Gen. U. S. A., Me- morial services . . 83 Trenton, Battle of 8 Tyler, John, President of the United States, Escort of . . . .54 rjNiFORM . . 4.34.37.42,52.59 U. S. Centennial Commission, Transfer of land for the use of 88 " Washington Assembly." In aid of 89 \ r AN BuREN Martin, President of the United States, Escort of . 54 \T7AR (IF THE REVOLUTION .... 5 War WITH Great Britain, 1812. Troop offers its services 43 War of the Rebellion, Troop offers its services, 1861 . 57 War of the Rebellion, Troop offers its services, 1862 . 68 " 1863 . 70 " May, 1864 . 80 July, 1864 . 80 Washington, Escort of . . 5,12,32,34 Letters of Discharge from . 11,24 Complimentary remarks by ( Note) 34 Dinner given to . . • " (Appendixj Funeral of ... • Washington, Mrs., Escort of . Washington Letter of Discharge, 1777 . Placed in the keeping of Ex-Captain Morris , Proceedings in Equity for the recovery of (Appendix) Washington Monument, Subscription to by Troopers . Corner-stone laid . Wayne, Anthony, Maj. Gen. U. S. A., Dinner given to . . • Welsh, J. L., Private, taken prisoner Wharton, Captain, Biographical sketch of . " Whiskey Insurrection" White, E. W., Private, leg broken Willing, Charles M., Private, Funeral of . 33 39 5.23 52 52 36 75 144 34 72 "VroRKTOWN, Reception of Captured British Standards . . . -31 ^ ^c