.^^ ''t. 
 
 A- 
 
 .\^ '^>. 
 
 .0 o 
 
 ..>• 
 
 .^^' ■-.■ 
 
 
 r 
 
 
 -/ -^^ 
 
 '-^^^ v 
 
 .0 
 
 
 c*-. 
 "■x^ 
 
 
 .v'«-' 
 
 
 '.0*^- ■ 
 
 •>*^ ^v 
 
 '-*=•/. V 
 
 !. " » I - 
 
0' 
 
 "^y- V'^ 
 
 ^ .<"^ 
 
 
 V .,^^ 
 
 s^"^ 
 
 v 
 
 
 .5 '/-.c 
 
 x^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 '>- V^ 
 
 T . "oO^ 
 
<s^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 •^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^A-RT o 
 
 ^ 
 
 :^ 
 
 COMMONWEALTH: 
 
 OK, 
 
 BEING 
 
 A. OOHRECT aXJIDE 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 WORCESTER AS IT IS; 
 
 ^ ALL THE PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND INSTITUTIONS, 
 
 AND TO SOME OF 
 
 THE PRINCIPAIi MANUFACTORIES AND SHOPS, AND WHOLESALE AND 
 RETAIL STORES, IN -WORCESTER AND VICINITY. 
 
 WITH MANY ENGRAVINGS 
 
 AND 
 
 WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS: 
 PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY HENRY J. HOWLAND, 
 
 18 5 6. 
 
 %4. 
 
 
jShteted according to the acts of Congress, in tlio year 1856, 
 BY HEXllY J. HOWLAXD, 
 
 Iq the Clerk's Office of tkc District Court of Massachusetts. 
 
ADVERTISEMENT 
 
 The Subscriber, in offering the first volume of this work to the 
 public, \youlcl commend it to their attention for the full, (though by 
 means complete,) exhibition to be found in its pages of the business 
 facilities of " the heart of the Commonwealth," — now for the first 
 time grouped together in a publication of our own. Books of a sim- 
 ilar nature have been published in other cities, and several of them 
 have been very liberally patronized by the business men of Worces- 
 ter, — greatly, we hope, to their own advantage, no less than that of 
 their publishers. But this is the first of the kind wholly devoted to 
 Worcester and Worcester County. In its pages we have purposely 
 avoided all business notices from abroad, simply because we knew 
 that a very interesting and valuable work could be made up without 
 them, and preferred that " the Heart " should be unveiled to the 
 business world by itself, and show to how great an extent we can 
 supply the mechanical, educational, and other wants of our neighbors, 
 far and near. We have succeeded in displaying a very attractive 
 variety in the following pages, and are only sorry that any cause 
 should have prevented making it more full and complete. Future 
 
 $4-^r^-^ — 
 
!^^-?^^-?^^- 
 
 (iv) 
 
 volumes, we trust, will remedy the deficiency ; and show up Wor- 
 cester as one of the smartest cities extant. 
 
 We commend our little work to the careful perusal of all into 
 whose hands it may come, assured that they will find in it some new 
 information, that may prove both interesting and valuable. 
 
 Henry J. Rowland, 
 
 BOOK AND JOB PRINTER, 
 
 No. 245 Main Street. 
 
 WoKCESTER, Mass., Nov. 1, 1856. 
 
 m^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 --<v^-^^i^| 
 
m 
 
 m 
 
^|^>^-:K-^r— - 
 
 V 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 6 
 
 9 
 12 
 14 
 14 
 22 
 26^ 
 30 
 
 Business Director}', _--------• 
 
 Worcester in 1674, -------""" 
 
 Survey, __--------- 
 
 First Settlement by Whites, - 
 
 Third and Permanent Settlement, 
 
 Education, ----- 
 
 Oread Institute, 
 
 Female College, ^^" 
 
 Massachusetts Mercantile and Mathematical Boarding and Day Institution, 32 
 
 Salisbury Mansion School, ^^ 
 
 Worcester Medical Institution, ^" 
 
 Worcester Academy, - '^' 
 
 Prof. Bushee's School for Young Ladies, 40 
 
 Highland School, ^^ 
 
 Herbert Hall, ^^ 
 
 College of the Holy Cross, ^ 46 
 
 Churches, ^^ 
 
 Public Buildings, 
 
 Public Grounds, ^^ 
 
 70 
 Burial Grounds, - 
 
 70 
 Communication, -------- 
 
 -r, . - _ _ - 74 
 
 Business, ------ 
 
 Of) 
 
 Fire Department and Aqueduct, ^^ 
 
 Hotels, Eating Houses, &c., ^4 
 
 Newspapers, Periodicals, &c., °4 
 
 Various Notices, 
 
 Walks, Rides, and Drives, ^ 
 
 i§^s?-:K^r— - 
 
/iitframiirJnaulttvaff. 
 
^^§^^^>^-^^^— 
 
 BUSINESS DIRECTORY 
 
 Academy of Fine Arts— Miss M. Imogcne Robinson, 130. 
 Agricultural Implements & JIachines — Nourse, Mason 
 
 & Co., 103. 
 Allen's Breech Loading Rifle— Allen & Wheelock, 21. 
 Apothecary— .John Q. Hill, 67. 
 Artificial Teeth — Harris & Tracy, 75 
 Auctioneer — ^^E. W. Vaill, 55. 
 Bathing Tub— H. W. Miller, 131. 
 Berkshire Life Insurance Co., i. 
 Birds, Seeds &c. — P. Young, 91. 
 Bit Braces— C. E. Staples, 51. 
 
 Blanks— printed and for sale by Henry J. Howland, 2. 
 Bonnets, &c. — C. A. Browning, 65. 
 Book Binders Shears— Charles E. Staples, 51. 
 Boot Crimping Machines, &c.— Charles E. AVilder, 51. 
 Boot Trees, &c. — E. L. Shumway, 25. 
 Boots, Shoes and Rubbers— E. A. Goodnow, G5, 
 Burr Wheels— Wm. H. Brown, 17. 
 Cabinet Furniture— W. B. Tabcr & Co., 121, 
 Cabinet Manufactory— Joseph Burt, 129. 
 Card Clothing— T. K. Earle, & Co.. 57. 
 Card Printing- Henry J. Howland, 2. 
 Carding Machinery— 1>. Tainter, 93. 
 Carpet Bags— J. Wheelock, 97. 
 Carriage Factory— A. Tolman <Sz Co., 115. 
 Castings of all kinds— W. A. Wheeler, 87. 
 Chemical and Toilet Soaps— F. R. Robinson, 122. 
 Chisels of various kinds— Harrington, Heald & Co. 83. 
 City Lumber Yard— T. & 0. K. Earle, 95. 
 Clothing, Ready Made— Chas. W. Frecland & Co., 11. 
 
 Dudley & Goodwin, 29. 
 
 Mecorney & Bigelow, 53. 
 
 W'm. H. Hudson, 79, ' 
 
 1?'^-^''*-?^^ — 
 
 Coes' Patent Screw Wrenches — L. & A. G. Coes, 127. 
 Coffin Plates— S. B. Congdon, 13. 
 
 J. F. Southgate, &9. 
 College of the Holy Cross, 46. 
 Copying Presses — C. Whitcomb & Co., 111. 
 Cotton & Woolen Machinery — S. Pratt, 53. 
 Crockery, China and Glass Ware — Brown & Firth, 81. 
 Crompton's Patent Loom — Furbush & Crompton, 45. 
 Daily Spy— Earle & Drew, 129. 
 DanieLs' Planing Machines — J. A. Fay & Co., 23, 
 Ball & Ballard, 117. 
 Dentists — Harris & Tracy, 75. 
 Designer & Engraver — A. Prentiss, 99. 
 Doors, Sashes & Blinds— D. & C. P. Stevens, 125. 
 Dye House — H. B. Adams, 19. 
 Eaton's Commercial Institute, 32 
 Education — Oread Institute, 26. 
 
 Female College, 30. 
 
 Eaton's Commercial Institute, 32. 
 
 Salisbury Mansion School, 35. 
 
 AVorccster Academy, 37. 
 
 Highland School, 41. 
 
 Herbert Hall, 43. 
 
 College of the Holy Cross, 46, 
 
 Miss Robinson, 130. 
 Embroideries, &c. — Henry 0. Clark, 59, 
 Enameled Cloth, &c. — Hampson, Holt & Co., 25. 
 Engine Lathes— Sam'l Flagg & Co., Gl.'^ 
 Machinist Tool Co., 69. 
 C. Whitcomb & Co., 110. 
 Engraver, &c. — S. B. Congdon, 13. 
 J. F. Southgate, 89. 
 A. l*rentiss, 99. 
 
 >^-f<^| 
 
tp^-^-i-^^r--- 
 
 ( 
 
 »^^^i 
 
 
 129. 
 
 109. 
 
 Fancy Goods— L. D. Goddard, 71. 
 
 P. Young, 91. 
 Female College, 30. 
 Fire Arms — Allen & Wkeelock, 21. 
 
 L. D. Goddard, 71. 
 Fire Insurance — Peoples Mut. Fire Ins. Co., 39. 
 
 Mechanics IMut. Fire Ins. Co., 75. 
 S. A. Rowland, 4. 
 Foot's Patent Spring Bed Bottom— E. G. Partridge & 
 
 Co., 105. 
 Furnace, Range, and Stove Warehouse — H. W. Milier, 
 
 131. 
 Furniture— E. G. Partridge & Co, 105. 
 
 AVm. B. Taber & Co., 121. 
 
 E. & G. P. Hawkcs, 107. 
 Fui'niture Made and Repaired — Joseph Burt, 
 Gas Fixtures— Brown & Firth, 81, 
 Gear Cutting— S. C. & S. "Winslow, 63. 
 Hair, Preparation for — F. R. Robinson, 123 
 Hand and Bench Screws — L. N. Leland & Son, 
 Hardware— H. W. Miller, 131. 
 Hats, Caps & Furs— J. H. Knights, G7, 
 Herbert Hall, 43. 
 Highland School for Boys, 41. 
 Hosiery, Gloves, &c. — Henry 0. Clark, 59. 
 Indexical Soaps— F. R. Robinson, 122. 
 Iron and Steel Wire — I. Washburn & Co., 3. 
 Iron, Steel, &c. — Pratt & Inman, 39. 
 
 J. F. Loring, 97, 
 Iron Castings — Wm. A. Wheeler, 87. 
 Iron and Wire Works— H. S. AVashburn & Co., 113. 
 Jewelry Manufacturers — Johnson, Brown & Co., 77. 
 Jewelry — AVm. D. Fenno & Son, 45. 
 
 L. D. Goddard, 71. 
 Knives— L. Hardy & Co., 101. 
 Labor Saving Machinery — Ball & Ballard, 117. 
 Leather Belting— T. K. Earle & Co., 57. 
 Leather Splitting Machines — L. N. Leland & Son, W9. 
 Life Assurance — State Mut. Life Assurance Co., 85. 
 
 S. A. Howland, 4. 
 Lime— T, & 0, K. Earle, 95. 
 Lincoln House — Tucker & Bonney, 85. 
 Linseed Oil :\Ianufactory — T, & J. Sutton, 79. 
 Lumber of all kinds— T. & 0. K. Earle, 95. 
 Machine Card Clothing — T. K. Earle, & Co., 67. 
 Machine Jobbing — W. H. Brown, 17. 
 
 49. 
 
 49. 
 
 79, 
 
 53. 
 
 Machine Jobbing— Thayer, Houghton & Co., 
 
 G. L. Battelle & Co., G3, 
 
 Wm. Thompson, 73. 
 Machinery— F. Willard & Co., 17. 
 
 Sumner Pratt, 53. 
 Machinists Tools — Thayer, Houghton & Co., 
 
 Samuel Flagg & Co., Gl. 
 
 Machinist Tool Co., 69. 
 
 C. Whitcomb & Co., 110. 
 Macgregor's Ventilating Stoves &c. — F. P. Oliver, 124 
 Manufacturers Supplies — Sumner Pratt, 53. 
 Map of Worcester County, 67. 
 Massachusetts Spy — Earle & Drew, 129. 
 Measured Garments — Wm. H. Hudson, 
 ^lechanics Mut. Fire Insurance Co., 75, 
 Merchant Tailors — Mecorney & Bigelow, 
 
 Wm. H. Hudson, 79. 
 Millinery — C. A. Browning, G5. 
 Model Making— W. H. Brown, 17. 
 Jas. G. Arnold, 19. 
 Ivers Gibbs, 99. 
 Mourning Goods — C. A. Browning, 65. 
 One Price Clothing House — Dudley & Goodwin, 29. 
 Oread Institute, 26. 
 Paper Boxes — C. Richmond, 125. 
 Paper Hangings — Brown & Firth, 81. 
 Patent Agency — Jas. G. Arnold, 19. (Has removed to 
 
 Mechanics Hall.) 
 Pattern & Model Maker — ^Ivers Gibbs, 99. 
 People's Mutual Fire Insurance Co., 39. 
 Piano Forte Wire — I. AVashburn & Co., 3. 
 Pine and Chestnut Furniture — E. & G. P. Hawkes, 
 Planing Machines — J. A. Fay & Co., 23. 
 
 Ball & Ballard, 117. 
 Planing Machines for Iron — Samuel Flagg & Co., 
 Machinist Tool Co., 
 C. Whitcomb & Co. 
 Plate Printing— Geo. H. Dyer, 119. 
 Plows — Njurse, Mason & Co., 103. 
 Plumbing— H. W. Miller, 131. 
 Porte ]\Ionnaies, Pocket Books, &c. — Johnson, Brown & 
 
 Co., 77. 
 Printing of all kinds— Henry J. Howland, 15! cover. 
 Quinsigamond Iron & Wire Works,— H. S. Washburn & 
 
 Co. 113. 
 Ready Made Clothing— See Clothing. 
 
 107, 
 
 Gl. 
 60. 
 
 110. 
 
 |§^.^>^^-^— 
 
 '-~^t->^'^l 
 
^§^-?^^-?^— 
 
 ( viii ) 
 
 --V^-^<^| 
 
 Revolvers— Allen &^Wheelock, 21. 
 
 llifles— Allen & Wheelock, 21. 
 
 Salisbury Mansion School, 35. 
 
 Sashes, Blinds, &c.— D. & C. P. Stevens, 126. 
 
 School of Design — Miss M. Imogene Robinson, 130. 
 
 Screws— L. N. Leland & Son, 109. 
 
 Screw Presses for Floors &c. — S. C. & S. Winslow, 61 
 
 Screw Wrenches — Harrington, Heald & Co., 83. 
 
 L. & A. U. Coes, 127. 
 Seal Presses— S. B. Congdon, 13. 
 J. F. Southgate, 89. 
 C. Whitcomb & Co., 111. 
 Sewing Machines — Geo. S. Battelle & Co., 63. 
 Shear Blades, &c. — L. Hardy & Co., 101. 
 Shearing Machines — Albert Curtis, 17. 
 Sheet Iron Cornices — F. P. Oliver, 125. 
 Smith's Shears — Wm. Thompson, 73. 
 Spectacles — L. D. Goddard, 71. 
 Spinning Machinery for Wool — Johnson & Co., 93. 
 State Mutual Life Assurance Co., 85. 
 Steel Wire — I. AVashburn & Co., 3. 
 Soaps— F. R. Robinson. 122. 
 Stoves— J. F. Loring, 97. 
 
 Francis P. Oliver, 125. 
 
 H. W. Miller, 131. 
 
 125. 
 
 97. 
 
 Switch Stands— F. G. Woodward, 101. 
 Tin and Sheet Iron Work — J. F. Loring, 97. 
 Francis P. Oliver, 
 H. W. Miller, 131. 
 Toys of all kinds — P. Young, 91. 
 Trunks, Valises & Carpet Bags — J. Wheelock, 
 Tucker's Patent Spring Bed — W. B. Taber & Co., 121. 
 Valises— J. Wheelock, 97. 
 Vai-iety Store — P. Young, 91. 
 Watches, Clocks, &c. — Wm. D. Fenno & Son, 45. 
 
 L. D. Goddard, 71. 
 Wedding Cards, Envelopes, &c. — S. B". Congdon, 13. 
 
 H. J. Howland, cover. 
 J. F. Southgate, 89. 
 Geo. H. Lyer, 119. 
 Wilder's Patent Salamander Safe, 4. 
 Wire Works— H. S. Washburn & Co., 113. 
 
 L AVashburn & Co., 3. 
 Woolen Machinery — F. Willard & Co., 17. 
 Albert Curtis, 17. 
 Johnson & Co., 93. 
 Daniel Tainter, 93. 
 Wood Working Machinery — J. A. Fay & Go. 
 Worcester Academy, 37. 
 Worcester County, Map of, 67. 
 
 23. 
 
 B^^^-^^^— 
 

 HISTOIIIOA.L SKETCH.*' 
 
 "WOKCESTER IN 1674. 
 
 Previous to 1674, there were within the territory now occupied by the city of 
 Worcester, three settlements of Indians, of the Nipmuck or Nipnet tribe. 
 
 Their principal settlement was on the hill rising in the south part of Wor- 
 cester, an I exbon lin-j; into Auburn, called by them Pakachoag. It is thus de- 
 scribed by Gookin, in his 'Historical Collections of the Indians in New Eng- 
 land,' written in Djc. 1674. ' This village lyeth about three miles south from 
 the new road way that leadeth from Boston to Connecticut ; about eighteen 
 miles, west southerly, from Marlborough; and from Boston about forty-four 
 miles. It consists of about twenty families, and hath about one hundred souls 
 therein. This town is seated upon a fertile hill, and is denominated from a 
 delicate spring of water that is there.' 
 
 The western hills, bearing originally the appellation of Tataesset, corrupted 
 in common use, into Tatnuck, Were occupied by smaller hamlets. 
 
 Wigwam Hill, on the western shore of Qiiinsigamond, was probably a favor- 
 ite place of residence for the people who ranged along its waters for fish and 
 game. The name given by the planters indicates that it was once the site of 
 the bark tents of the aborigines. 
 
 The remains of rude workmanship frequently discovered around these emi- 
 nences, and the vestiges of primitive agriculture formerly scattered over our 
 territory, show that the tribe once roving through our forests was numerous. 
 
 The benevolent exertions of self-devoted teachers in diffusing the light of 
 Christianity, had been extended to these villages, and as early as 1672, they 
 had been here instructed in the doctrines of religion and the ceremonial of the 
 church. 
 
 ^ For the material and most of the language of the following sketch, we are indebted to the History 
 of Worcester, by the late William Lincoln, Esq., published in 1837, — copied by the polite permis- 
 sion of his heirs. That able and interesting work has been long out of print, and we trust ar- 
 rangements will soon be made for the publication of a new edition. 
 
 2 
 
( 10 ) 
 
 On the 17tli of St'pteml>LT, 1674, John Eliut, well styled the apostle of the 
 Indians, visited Pakaclioag, accompanied by Gookin, Avho then held the office 
 of superintendent, on his return from an excursion among the nations entrusted 
 to his paternal guardianship. The description, left by the latter, affords a view 
 of the condition of the population previous to the commencement of that war 
 whose exterminating edge soon fell on their kindred. 
 
 ' We took leave of the christian Indians at Chabanakongkomun,'' and took 
 our journey, 17th of the seventh month, by Manchage,f to Pakachoag, which 
 lieth from Manchage, northwest, about twelve miles. We arrived there about 
 noon. 
 
 ' We repaired to the sagamore's house, called John, alias Horowaninnit, who 
 kindly entertained us. There is another sagamore belonging to this place, of 
 kindred to the former, whose name is Solomon, alias Wooanckochu. This man 
 was also present, who courteously welcomed us. As soon as the people could 
 be got together, Mr. Eliot preached unto them, and they attended reverently. 
 Their teacher, named James Speen, being present, read and set the tune of a 
 psalm, that was sung aftectionately. Then was the whole duty concluded with 
 prayer. 
 
 ' After some short respite, a Court was kept among them. My chief assist- 
 ant was Wattasacompanum, ruler of the Nipmuck Indians, a grave and pious 
 man of the chief sachem's blood of the Nipmuck country. He resides at Has- 
 sanamesit:J but, by former appointment calleth here, together with some others. 
 The principal matter done at this Court, was, first, to constitute John and Solo- 
 mon to be rulers of this people and co-ordinate in power, clothed with the au- 
 thority of the English government, Avhich they accepted : also to allow and ap- 
 prove James Speen for their minister. This man is of good parts ; and pious. 
 He hath preached to this people almost two years, but he yet resides at Has- 
 sanamesit, abotit seven miles distant. Also they chose, and the Court confirmed, 
 a new constable, a grave and sober Indian, called Matoonus. Then I gave both 
 the rulers, teacher, constable and people, their respective charges, to be diligent 
 and faithful for God, zealous against sin, and careful in sanctifying the Sab- 
 bath. 
 
 * Having sent a grave and pious Indian to be a teacher at Nashua, near 
 Lancaster, with a letter of advice and exhortation, written and dated at Paka- 
 choag, and nominated one of that tribe, who was present, as constable, with 
 
 '■■ Dudley. I Oxford. | Grafton. 
 
 fi^^<r^-^ 
 
 9 
 «1 
 
( 11 ) 
 
 --^H^f^^l^' 
 
 .;y%% W. FREEM^^ 
 
 ^1^^ 
 
 3> 
 
 * 
 
 No. 193 MAIN STREET, WORCESTER, 
 
 Manufacturers, and Wholesale and Ketail Dealers in 
 
 I MG 
 
 Fililiifii i©«M 
 
 B 
 
 AND 
 
 m 
 
 t 
 
 Their STOCK being at all times the largest in the State, out of 
 Boston, and also entirely of 
 
 rmxz mu uhmunrmt 
 
 Their Prices will always be found the lowest in NEW ENGLAND. 
 IN ADDITION TO THE CLOTHING, 
 
 They always keep the Finest assortment of 
 
 Sfi 
 
 In the Market, from which they are at all times prepared to 
 
 MAKE iAilHEI^TifO iiiEi, 
 
 In the best manner and latest STYLES. 
 
 Wholesale purchasers will find our STOCK as good as any in New 
 York or Boston, and our Prices will compare very favorably. 
 
 —^-^^^^^0 
 
( 12 ) 
 
 power, " to apprehend drunkard?, take away their strong drink, and hring the 
 offenders before himself for punishment ;" an oflBce which the candidate refused 
 to accept until he could consult his friends ; the exercises were concluded with 
 singing a psalm and offering prayer, aud they retired to rest. The next morn- 
 ing early they passed to Marlborough, and thence returned to their homes.' 
 
 At this time, a colony of Beavers had established their hamlet, and built a 
 dam, across ^lill brook, near the bridge on Front street, flooding the valley 
 towards Lincoln Square. 
 
 BTTEVET. 
 
 On the loth of May, 1667, Capt. Daniel Gk)okin, Capt. Edward Johnson, 
 Mr. Samuel Andrew, and Andrew Belchar, senior, were empowered by the Gen- 
 eral Court, as a Committee, ' to take an exact view ' of the territory now com- 
 posing the city of Worcester, ' as soon as conveniently they can, to make true 
 report whether the place be capable to make a village, and what number of 
 families, they conceive, may be there accommodated. And if they find it fit 
 for a plantation, then to offer some meet expedient how the same may be set- 
 tled and improved for the public good.' 
 
 The result of their investigations may be seen in the following extracts 
 from their report, presented Oct. 20, 1668: 
 
 ' TVe have, according to the Court's order, bearing date loth May, 1667, 
 viewed the place tin ivin ijientioned. and find it to be about twelve miles west- 
 ward from Marlborough, near the road to Springfield, and that it contains a 
 tract of very good chestnut tree land ; a large quantity : but the meadow we 
 find not so much ; because a very considerable quantity of meadow and upland, 
 about five thousand acres, is laid cut unto particular persons, and confirmed by 
 this Court, as we are informed, which falls within this tract of land ; . . . . but, 
 all this notwithstanding, we conceive there may be enough meadow for a small 
 plantation, or town, of about thirty families ; and if those farms be annexed to 
 it, it may supply about sixty families. Therefore, we conceive it expedient, 
 that the honored Court will be pleased to reserve it for a town, being conveni- 
 ently situated, and well watered with ponds and brooks, and lying near mid- 
 way between Boston aud Springfield, about oneday's journey from either: and, 
 for the settling thereof we do offer unto the Court that which follows, viz : 
 
 ' That there be a meet proportion of land granted and laid out for a town, 
 
 in the best form the place will bear, about the contents of eight miles square : 
 
 ' That a prudent and able Committee be appointed and empowered to 
 
 
"-^^-f-^^W 
 
 S. B. CONGDON, 
 
 STENCIL, STAMP, and LETTER CUTTER and DIE SINKER, 
 
 BRINLEir HALL, 
 x'^ o 3FI. o E3 s T e: n., IWC^^SS. 
 
 f 
 
 WEDDIXG. IXVITATIOX AND BUSINESS CARDS, neatly Engraved. 
 WEDDING CARD ENVELOPES, CAKE BOXES, FANCY 
 WAFERS, &c., constantly on hand. 
 DOOR, CARRIAGE, COFFIN AND INSCRIPTION PLATES of every va- 
 riety of pattern and finish, and the largest assortment to be 
 found in the State. 
 Inscription Plates engraved at the shortest notice. Embossed Silver Plates 
 for Piano Fortes, Carriages and Machines. Also, Silver Plated, or Imitation 
 Plates, Door numbers, Letters and Figures for Patterns, Firemen's, Hack and 
 Porters' Badges, &:c., on hand or furnished to order. 
 
 Stencils and Steel Stamps, Brands and Seals, cut to order. Stencil Alpha- 
 bets and Steel Figures, Letters, &c., by the set. Boot and Shoe Manufacturers' 
 Stamps and Brands, made to order. 
 
 Stencil Paste, an improved article of my own manufacture, and warranted su- 
 perior to any in use, for marking Boxes, Bales, &c. Stencils and marking 
 Type, for linen ; also, Indelible Ink, which is warranted not to wash out. 
 
 PERCUSSION AND LEVER EMBOSSING 
 
 of the most approved kinds, for Courts, Corporations, Notary Publics, Bank 
 and Business Seals. My Seal Presses are now used in all the New England 
 States, and are acknowledged to be the best in use. 
 
 Engraving on Wood, Copper or Steel, to order. Embossed and Colored Busi- 
 ness Cards, also, Letter Envelopes on hand, and printed to order. 
 
 Dealers fiirnislied with Work on the most liberal terms. 
 
 Address 
 
 S. B. COXGDOX, 
 
 BRIXLEY HALL, W^orce?«fcr, Ulass. 
 
 
(14 ) 
 
 lay it out ; to admit inhabitants, and order the affairs of the place, in forming 
 the town, o-ranting lots, and directing and ordering all matters of a prudential 
 nature, until the place be settled with a sufficient number of inhabitants and 
 persons of discretion, able to order the affairs thereof, in the judgment of the 
 Court : 
 
 * That duecare be taken by the said Committee, that a good minister of 
 God's word be placed there, as soon as may be : that such people as may be 
 there planted may not live like lambs in a large place.' 
 
 This report was approved and accepted, its recommendations confirmed, and 
 Capt. Daniel Gookin, Capt. Thomas Prentice, Mr. Daniel Henchman, and Lt. 
 Richard Beers, appointed to carry them into execution. 
 
 At the distance of more than a century and a half, when we see the hills 
 and valleys of the ' very good chestnut tree land ' explored by the Committee 
 thickly dotted with the homes of the husbandman and the villages of the man- 
 ufacturer, traversed by a net work of railways, and supporting a dense popula- 
 tion, their estimate of the capacity of the tract, eight miles square, to maintain 
 thirty or sixty families, furnishes strong contrast between their humble anti- 
 cipations and our overflowing prosperity. 
 
 FIRST SETTLEME]SrT BY WHITES. 
 
 In 1673 or '74, the first settlement was commenced, a tract of land eight 
 miles square having been purchased of the Indians, for * twelve pounds in law- 
 ful money of New England.' 
 
 Ephraim Curtis, who had already built, Thomas Hall, Simon Meyling, Phin- 
 ehas Upham, Thomas Grover, Philip Atwood, Joseph Waight, John Provender, 
 and perhaps some others, had arrived in the month of April, 1675. Six or 
 seven houses were erected. Neither record nor tradition, affords information 
 of the position of the habitations. The neighborhood of the Fort,''- the conve- 
 nient proximity of water and meadow, would, it may reasonably be conjectured, 
 have induced to the selection of the northern part of the present central set- 
 tlement. 
 
 The settlement was prosperously advancing, and the inhabitants, in the lan- 
 guage of the record, • had built after the manner of a town,' when the war with 
 Philip of Mount Hope broke out in Plymouth colony. 
 
 The commencement of this war was perhaps rather prematurely hastened, 
 
 •" Supposed to have been on the Jo Bill Road, near the residence of Hon. S. Salisbury. 
 
 m^>^^^^^ . v^s^<^^ 
 
 
( 15 ) 
 
 HENRf J. HOWLUO 
 
 ^^^PHLET, j^^^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 O 
 
 o\- 
 
 C^ 
 
 CARD AND 
 
 «// 
 
 o 
 
 '^ 
 
 HANDBILL 
 
 2-45 ]Sd:A.i:Nr street, 
 
 ^WORGESTEB, MASS., 
 
 Commenced in 1835, and enlarged and improved by constant 
 
 ,A.ID3DITIO^^TS OF 
 
 9 
 
 MEW TYPES, 
 
 and every tiling necessary for executing witii promptness, accuracy and dispatch, 
 
 and at Prices to suit, 
 
 ^11 kiiih b{ Ijrinliiig. 
 
 It^* Gentlemen or Ladies, in want of Printing of any kind, Avill do well to call or 
 send their orders as above. 
 
 
( 16 ) 
 
 by the act of some of tlie citizens of Pakaclioag. A son of Matoonus had been 
 executed in 1G71, charged with the murder of an Englishman^ and his head 
 placed on a jiole on Boston Common, where it long remained, as the terrific 
 memorial of justice. The father, a grave and sober Indian, appointed by 
 Gookin constable of Pakachoag, in his profession of Christianity, had not for- 
 saken the vindictive principle so deeply cherished by his people. July 10, 
 
 1675, he visited Mendon, and revenged the loss of his offspring, by the death 
 of five of its inhabitants. 
 
 The planters of Worcester, placed hard by the seat of the enemy, remote 
 from friendly aid, with no dwelling of civilized man nearer than Marlborough 
 on the east, Lancaster towards the north, and Quabaog, now Brookfield, west- 
 ward, to afford assistance and support, were compelled to desert their posses- 
 sions, and dispersed among the larger towns. The silence of desolation suc- 
 ceeded to the cheerful sounds of industry, and the village was abandoned to 
 the wild beast and the fiercer foe. 
 
 Dec. 2, 1675, the buildings deserted by the planters of Worcester, were des- 
 troyed by the Indians. 
 
 Sagamore John, with the Indians of Pakachoag, were induced to join Philip 
 in his war on the whites ; but, alarmed by the successes of the English, in July, 
 
 1676, John visited Boston and delivered himself up to the Magistrates. Ho 
 expressed sincere sorrow for taking part against the English, engaged to be 
 true to their interests in future, promised to give some testimonials of fidelity, 
 received assurances of security and protection, and was permitted to' depart. 
 On the 27th of July he returned, bringing with him an hundred and eighty of 
 his followers. To propitiate favor, and purchase peace by an acceptable offer- 
 ing, he had treacherously seized that Matoonus, who had shed the first blood 
 in Massachusetts on the beginning of the war at Mendon, with Nehemiah his 
 son, both probably natives of Pakachoag, and brought them down bound with 
 cords, to be given up to justice. Matoonus, having been examined, was con- 
 demned to immediate death. Sagamore John, with the new born zeal of the 
 traitor, to signalize his devotion to the cause he adopts by extraordinary ran- 
 cor against tliat ho deserts, entreated for himself and his men, the office of ex- 
 ecutioners. Matoonus was led out, and being tied to a tree on Boston common, 
 was shot by his own countrymen, his head cut off, and placed upon a pole op- 
 posite to that of his son, who formerly suffered on the same spot for a real or 
 supposed murder committed in 1671. 
 
 
U!9 
 
 F. WILLARD 
 
 & CO., 
 
 r 
 
 SUCCESSORS TO HENRY GOULDING, 
 
 lOOLEI ilCHIIECI 
 
 SUCH 
 
 A S 
 
 WORSTED & WOOL CARDING MACHINES, SPINNING 
 
 JACKS, PICKERS, WILLOWERS, WASTE DUSTERS, 
 
 CARD NIPPERS, COMB PLATE, &c., i&c, on the 
 
 most improved Plans, 
 
 Tjaxri:o]>ir jveiXjsHi, 
 
 CORNER OF SCHOOL AND UNION STREETS, 
 
 WORCESTER, MASS, 
 
 KB. Jacks made with the CLUTCH or BEVEL GEAR, Driving Motion, 
 as may be preferred. BURRING MACHINES, CARD CLOTHING, SPOOLS, 
 BOBBINS, BELTING, &c., furnished on the most reasonable terms. 
 
 ALBERT CURTIS, 
 
 BUILDER OF 
 
 Shearing Machines, 
 
 'U 
 
 FOR 
 
 FOR 
 
 BROAD km iVARROW CLOTH, 
 
 CARPETS, COTTON PRINTS, &c. 
 
 GIGS, 
 
 16 & 
 
 Clotlj Elmkrs, ^flotk Cutters, 
 
 SHEAR GRINDERS, &C. 
 
 Worcester, Mass. tv 
 
 ROTARY KNITTING MACHINES. 
 
 The undersigned has manufactured 
 the above for the Oxford Knitting Com- 
 pany, in this County, for several years 
 past, to their entire satisfaction, as being 
 fully equal to the imported, and to whom 
 reference may be had. He is now pre- 
 pared to furnish to order to others using 
 the above machines, whose patronage is 
 solicited. Also, 
 
 AXD 
 
 LIGHT JOBBING generally, by 
 
 WM. H. BROWI, Machinist, 
 
 MERRIPIELD'S BUILDINGS, 
 
 CYPEESS STREET, OTH BOOK FROM EXCHANGE STREET, 
 
 Worcester, Mass* 
 
 "{9 
 
( 18 ) 
 
 SECOND SETTLEMENT. 
 
 In 1684, a second jittcnipt at settlement was made, under the direction of 
 Capt. Henchman. Many persons engaged with him to settle here, and some 
 became residents. Capt. John Wing, a member of the Committee in place of 
 Lt. Beers, who liad been killed in battle at Nortliiield, erected corn and saw 
 mills a short distance above the bridge at the nortli end of Main street, where 
 the remains of the dam are still visible in the little island that divides the 
 stream. Provision was made for the support of religious teachers, and the in- 
 struction of youth, as well as for the encouragement of useful arts and trades. 
 A fortified house was erected, not far from the present location of the Bay 
 State House ; one object of which, was for the accommodation of travellers. 
 
 Sept. 10, 1084, the name of Worcester was established by the General Court. 
 
 The number of families at this time, was probably not far from twenty-five. 
 But after a few years, the extreme danger from the Indians, caused a second 
 abandonment of the settlement here. 
 
 THIRD AND PERMANENT SETTLEMENT. 
 
 In 1713, the third and permanent settlement was commenced by Jonas Rice 
 and his family, whose residence was on Sagatabscot hill, near the present resi- 
 dence of Mr. Edward L. Ward, on Ileywood street. 
 
 The first male child born in Worcester, Nov. 7, 1714, was Adonijah, son of 
 Jonas Rice. On arriving to manhood, year after year his name is entered on 
 the rolls of the provincial troops during the French wars : after each summer 
 campaign was finished, he returned to his home, and the quiet of domestic and 
 agricultural life. 
 
 The second settler appears from the records to have been Gershom Rice, 
 who came in 1715, to join liis brother Jonas, the hardy pioneer of population 
 maintaining his post for nearly two years unsupported by assistance and un- 
 cbeered by associates. 
 
 The first female born in Worcester, was a child of Thomas Haggat, whose 
 house was near Adams square. 
 
 A path along Summer street went to the first burial place, situated north 
 of the junction of Thomas street. A beautiful grove of oaks waved over the 
 graves of the forefathers of the hamlet, emblems of the sturdy characters and 
 hardy virtues of those whose nariow beds they shaded. In the recollection of 
 
m^^^-^^^^^—- 
 
 (19) 
 
 LATENT AU 
 
 UNITED STATES, GREAt'^BRITAIN, FRANCE, 
 
 AND OTHER COUNTRIES. 
 DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS PREPARED. 
 
 f|iif)6lricf)if| qt]5 Jqropeqii £^tci]t3 plrcci|re5 qpoo bei'ij liioOerqte Jeii7)3. 
 
 Being a practical Mechanic, well acquainted with the law and practice of the Patent office, I am 
 enabled to offer the best facilities for giving a clear understanding of the merits of any Invention 
 to the CO.M.MISSIONEll OF PATENTS and EXAMINERS, Thus securing to the Patentee all his Rights. 
 Foreign business confided only to trusty and responsible agents. 
 
 3M: O 33 E3 Xj S 
 
 Of all kinds made and warranted to answer the requisitions of the Patent Office. 
 
 Caution to inventors and patentees. — The sale of many Patents is spoiled, and many good in- 
 ventions thrown away, by not having the specification properly prepared by a competent, practi- 
 cal Agent, so as to present the best claims. Thousands of doUars are lost to inventors by this, and 
 the publishing of notices of their inventions, so as to prevent their obtaining patents in Europe. 
 
 Any business with the Patent Office attended to by 
 
 JAMES G. ARNOLD, 
 
 Attorney and Solicitor of Patents, 
 
 Office over ]\o. 207 iVIaiii Street, Worcester, JTIass. 
 
 H. B. ADAMS' 
 Oilill^AL DYE Miy 
 
 ESTABLISHED IN 1825. 
 
 REMOVED from CENTRAL ST. to GROVE ST, IN 1852. 
 
 Havino- recently refitted and enlarged the Establishment, and supplied it 
 witli all the best facilities for all work in the line, he is prepared to DYE and 
 FINISH in the very best style, 
 
 LADIES' DRESSES, CLOAKS, SHAWLS, &c. at short notice. 
 
 Will also Cleanse and Press, without injury to borders, Cashmere, Merino, 
 White Crape, and oilier SHAWLS, Carpets, Table Covers, &c., so as to look 
 nearly equal to New Goods. Also, Gent's Over Coats, Dress and Frock Coats, 
 Pants, and Garments Dyed or Cleansed, and Pressed in good style. 
 
 FADED GARMENTS RE-DYED TO LOOK AS WELL AS KEW. 
 
 ig^^'AU kinds of Piece Goods, for Merchants, Dyed and Finished in the best 
 manner. 
 
 dT 
 
 
 
•(20 ) 
 
 many living inhabitants, little piles of stone and mouldering heaps of turf 
 marked the last homes of the early settlers. The hillocks and the trees have 
 disappeared in the progress of improvement, and the cemetery is no longer dis- 
 tino-uishable from the green spots unhallowed by the rest of the dead.''' 
 
 The house of Gershom llice was the place where meetings for religious wor- 
 ship were first held. A building was soon erected for devotional exercises on 
 Green street, north of tlio union of Franklin street, where the inhabitants as- 
 sembled on the Sabbath, until a more spacious meeting house was reared, in 
 1719, on the site of the old south church. 
 
 There were in Worcester in 1718, if the evidence of the proprietary records 
 is to be credited, fifty-eight dwelling houses. Tradition says they were humble 
 edifices, principally of logs, one story high, with ample stone chimneys. Some 
 were furnished with windows of diamond glass, where the resources of the pro- 
 prietor afforded means for procuring such luxury ; the light was admitted in 
 many, through the dim transparency of oiled paper. It is hardly necessary to 
 add, that all have long since sunk in decay, or been removed to give place to 
 the more splendid habitations of modern times. 
 
 Worcester, probably, contained at this period, about two hundred souls. 
 
 In 1722 the town was incorporated. On the 2Sth of September of that 
 year, the inhabitants convened in their first town meeting, when Jonas Rice 
 was chosen Town Clerk, Nathaniel Moore, Nathaniel Jones, Benjamin Plagg, 
 Jonas Rice, and John Gray, Selectmen ; Daniel Heywood^ Treasurer. 
 
 The act erecting the County of AVorcestcr, passed April 2, 1731, to take ef- 
 fect from the 10th of July following. . . . The location of the shire town of 
 the new county occasioned much debate and diversity of opinion. For many 
 years, Sutton, Lancaster, Mendon, and Brookfield, stood higher in rank, gradu- 
 ated on population and valuation, than Worcester. The central position of the 
 latter town, gave it advantage over its competitors for the honor of becoming 
 
 the capital The first Court of Probate was held in the meeting house, 
 
 July 13, 1731, and the Common Pleas and General Sessions of the Peace 10th 
 of August following, by the Hon. John Chandler, then of Woodstock, Chief 
 Justice of both tribunals. A sermon was preached on the occasion by the Rev. 
 John Prentice of Lancaster. The Superior Court of Judicature was held on 
 the 22d of September. . . . One term of the Superior Court was held annually 
 
 ' This spot is enclosed within the play ground of the Thomas School House, on Thomas and Sum- 
 mer streets. 
 
 PS] . oV. 
 
(21) 
 
 -ia 
 
 > 
 
 O ^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 " 
 
 c^ 
 
 1— H = 
 
 V* O 
 
 <! 
 O 
 
 PI - 
 Ui 
 
 
 Q 
 
 •s t?d 
 
 m 
 
 -a 
 
 
 @9 
 
 (is 
 
 8° 
 
 b 
 
 o 
 
 d 
 
 ^ bd 
 ^ I— I 
 
 PI '■■' 
 
 m a 
 
 'ift 1—1 
 
 H 
 O 
 
 GO 
 
 O 
 
 
 PI 
 
 
 Ir^ 
 
 H 
 
 ^?^ 
 
 <^ 
 
 ^(. 
 
( 22 ) 
 
 ill October. Tlie Inferior Court had its sittings in May, August, November 
 and February. The General Sessions of the Peace was composed of all the 
 justices within the county, who commonly attended and decided the matters 
 presented for adjudication by vote.-' 
 
 Wiien public festivals were few, and anniversaries un frequent, the terms 
 of court were tiie great holidays of the county; and its population assembled 
 in Worcester, as on a general exchange, for the transaction of business, or pur- 
 suit of ainusenient in the rude sports of the period. The judicial proceedings, 
 now forsaken, except by parties, witnesses and ofScers, were generally attended 
 by a multitude who thronged the streets. Wrestling, fighting, and horse-racing, 
 were common exercises. Tlie stocks, pillory and whipping-post crowned the 
 summit of Court hill, then sloping with steep declivity to the highway, and 
 partially covered with bushes. Frequent exhibitions of discipline attracted 
 crowds of spectators. 
 
 Asli Sti-ett !^i-'h<jol House. Built in lS5i). 
 
 EDUCATION. 
 
 Among the earliest acts of the founders of Worcester, was the establish- 
 ment of Common Scliools. By vote of the town, April 4, 172G, Mr. Jonas Rice, 
 the first settler, was appointed the first School Teacher. In 1731, five School 
 
 Gen, Ruggles, the Chief Justice, in stern derision of the constitution of this Court, on one occa- 
 sion rcpnmandod a dog who had taken his seat beside his master, for appearing on the bench be- 
 fore he had been qualified as a Justice of the Peace, and directed him to go and be sworn before ho 
 came to vote thci-e. 
 
JUNCTION SHOP, \V O K E S T E R , 
 
 buildp:PvS of 
 
 DANIELS' PLANING MACHINES, 
 
 IMPROVED JOINTING & MATCniNf, MACHINES, 
 DIMENSION PLANING MACHINES, 
 
 witli cvlindcr and carriage coml)incd. 
 
 WOODWORTII SURFACING & MATCHING MACHINES, 
 A^'D WOOD WOIIKO'G MACIfBTJlY («E^THALLY, 
 
 Of superior workmanslrip. good style and finish, and with recent Improvements of 
 
 great Practical value. 
 
 Power & Foot Mortising Machines, Tenoning, Sash Sticking, and Boring 
 
 Machines, Scroll Saw^^, Railway Cut Off, Swing & Slitting 
 
 Saw Frames, Saw Ai'bors, &c. 
 
 E. C. TAINTER, Worcsster, E. JOSLIN, Keene, C. B. ROGERS, Norwich, JOnX CHENEY, Cincinnati. 
 
^I^s^^^-^^r 
 
 '"* ( 24 ) 
 
 « 
 
 districts were formed, and the Selectmen instructed " to procure a suitable 
 nuuiLtn- of school dames, not exceeding five, for the teaching of small children 
 to read, to be placed in the several parts, as may be most convenient, and these 
 gentlewomen to be paid such sum, by the liead, as they may agree." The ter- 
 ror of the law, in September following, produced a vote " to maintain a free 
 school for a year, and to be a moving school into the several quarters." In 
 August, 1732, Mr. Richard Rogers was engaged as teacher, and continued in 
 that relation about eight years. 
 
 In 17-iO, after long deliberation, the first school house was erected, " be- 
 tween the Court house and bridge, below the fulling mill," or near the middle 
 of the present way in front of the Salisbury Mansion. It was 2-iby 16 feet, 
 with 7 feet posts, and was in use till after the close of the revolution. 
 
 In 1800, ten school houses were built in the several districts, at a cost of 
 from $2C'0 to ^270 each, some of which have till recently been in use. 
 
 Among the masters who have been employed here, were some wlio have 
 been since highly distinguished in the various walks of life. One of them was 
 John Adams, the second president of the United States. 
 
 There are at the present time, forty-seven public schools in the city, which 
 are kept the year round, with the exception of about seven weeks vacation, 
 and are open to all the inhabitants. Of these, seventeen are suburban, (loca- 
 ted in fourteen districts.) and the remainder are in the central district, which 
 comprehends the more densely populated portions of the city. They consist 
 of fifteen primary schools ; seven secondary, six grammar, and two wliich 
 together form the Classical and English High School, The latter is designed 
 to be fully equal to the best Academies in the country. In addition to these, 
 during the winter months a school is supported for apprentices, and two 
 evening schools, free for all, whether children or adults, who wish to learn, 
 and cannot attend the other schools. 
 
 The number of scholars in all the schools, the past year, is reported at 
 upwards of four thousand five liundred. 
 
 The annual cost of supporting the schools is about thirty thousand dollars, 
 besides the expense of erecting new school houses. Of these, several have 
 been built within the past eight years, which have greatly added to the con- 
 venience and comfort of the schools ; and there is pressing need of one or 
 two more. This want will doubtless soon be supplied, as there is no municipal 
 expense more cheerfully paid by our citizens than that incurred in the support 
 -<<i and accommodation of our public schools. 
 
( 25 ) 
 
 HAMPSON, HOLT & CO., 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 d 
 
 ENAMELED CAR HEAD LININGS, 
 
 FOR CAETIIAGES, TRUNKS, AND BAGS, 
 
 Enameled Bro ized Cloth and Fancy Colored Grounds 
 
 FOR BOOTS, SHOES, HATS, CAPS, &c. 
 Also, FANCY and COMMON 
 
 TABLE COVERS & STAIR CARPETS, 
 
 -AT THE- 
 
 SOUTH OF THE JUNCTION, WORCESTER. 
 
 —-^^ri-fy^^t 
 
 E. L. SHU M WAY, 
 
 MANUFACTURER OF 
 
 P A T E m T 
 
 BOOT TR-EE^^ 
 
 iOOT STiETOHEii, 
 
 ROLLIISTG MACHINES, 
 
 BRAKES AND TURNERS, 
 
 AT THE 
 
 Washington Street Machine Shop, 
 
 WOUGESTEH, MASS. 
 
 ^m^^^r^-^— ^r^-^-^^t^^-t-^ v^^'i^ii 
 
 ^4 
 
V* 
 
 ( 26 ) ^ 
 
 Besides the foregoing, there are several private schools of various grades, 
 in different parts of the city, which are tolerably well supported. Also, a 
 number of public institutions of learning of a high order are located here, 
 all of which have contributed to render '• the Heart of the Commonwealth " 
 an Educational centre of no ordinary attraction. Students are in attendance 
 here, pursuing the various professional, collegiate, academic, ornamental, com- 
 mercial and practical studies, from nearly all the United States, and from the 
 Canadas, West Indies and Mexico. Among these institutions may be named 
 the following : — 
 
 OHEAD ITJ-STITUTE. 
 
 Oread Institute was founded in 1848, with the design of affording young 
 ladies every I'cquisite facility for obtaining a generous mental culture, in no 
 way inferior to that secured to the other sex by our Colleges and Universities. 
 
 Worcester was selected as the most suitable place for such an Institution, on 
 account of its excellent facilities for communication with all parts of the coun- 
 try, its healthy climate, its honorable reputation, its salutary moral and relig- 
 ious influences, and its central position in New England, the nurse of popular 
 education. 
 
 Individual effort originated, and has thus far sustained, this Institution. It 
 has received no endowments from private munificence or public b'ounty, except 
 good wishes and liberal patronage. This is all the endowment it will receive 
 in the future. Whatever may be the result, it must stand on its own merits, 
 and the will of the people. 
 
 The Academical year will commence on the second Friday in September. 
 New classes will be formed at the beginning of the year, and also on the first 
 Wednesday of December, and April, respectively. There will be a recess of 
 one week before each of the days last named. Tliere will be an examination 
 by the Examining Committee, and Anniversary Exercises, at the close of each 
 Collegiate year, on the last Wednesday in June. Pupils admitted at any time 
 during the Collegiate year. 
 
 Tlie sessions of the Institute are held in Oread Castle, a majestic edifice, re- 
 sembling in its form, and external finish, the feudal castles of the middle ages. 
 The building is two hundred and fifty feet long, and contains accommodations 
 for one hundred and fifty boarding pupils. Its internal arrangements are per- 
 fectly adapted to its uses ; affording to every two young ladies a convenient 
 and well furnished apartment, for their exclusive occupation. 
 
^^-^4- 
 
 [» 
 
 
 J ij^ft". 
 
 
 llll 111 
 
 #?g' 
 
« 
 
 f ( 28 ) 
 
 <7 
 
 A large number of Teachers of the highest scholarship and culture are em- 
 ployed in the various departments of the Institute. This expensive arrange- 
 ment secures important advantages to the pupils, both by promoting a proper 
 classification, and by a division of labor, allowing the teachers ample time for 
 preparation. This system of minute division of labor, has long been success- 
 fully employed in every department of mechanical industry ; but its highest 
 use in the more important work of education, has not yet been fully appreci- 
 ated by the public. To make a watch in the most perfect manner and at the 
 least expense, requires the labor and skill of several different artizans. But 
 the art of making watches is far inferior to the art of educating, both in the 
 knowledge required, and in the skill of its application. Hence the necessity 
 of a numerous board of Teachers, and a minute division of labor, in any Edu- 
 cational establishment, which aspires to secure to its pupils enthusiasm in study, 
 accurate knowledge, and perfect mental discipline. 
 
 The female teachers board at the same tables with the students, and occupy 
 rooms adjoining theirs. The benefit of their society, and constant supervision, 
 is a consideration of much importance. 
 
 The matron devotes much of her time to the parental care of the young 
 ladies, in sickness and in health, guarding them against all influences prejudi- 
 cial to their advancement, and stimulating them to a prompt and conscientious 
 discharge of their respective duties. 
 
 The students are required to exercise daily in the open air, unless excused. 
 The neglect of physical culture is a most serious defect in female education. 
 Besides Calisthenics, various means of exercise and recie;.tion are provided. 
 The Seminary grounds are spacious, and the walks in the vicinity are delight- 
 ful. The young ladies have also occasional opportunities for taking excursions 
 to places of interest in adjoining towns, accompanied by their Teachers. Exer- 
 cise is thus rendered recreation, and is not regarded as a task. Buildings de- 
 signed for a Riding Academy for the pupils, are now in process of erection on 
 the ample grounds of the Institute. Equestrian skill and grace are a useful 
 and appropriate branch of Female Education. 
 
 Eli Thayer, A. M. and Miss Hannah P. Dodge, the associate Principals, 
 are assisted by twelve instructors in the various branches. 
 
 tr, 
 
 ^^^^f'l-?^^ ^^^^^-^Hl 
 
-->^Hi-^^l 
 
 DUDLEY & GOODWIN, 
 
 Successors to MACULLAR, WILLIAMS & CO., 
 
 Have at all seasons, the greatest variety and most extensive assortment, 
 
 o F 
 
 GENTLEMEN'S, YOUTHS' AND BOTS CLOTHlflG, 
 
 of every description, to be found in the City. 
 
 The ONE PRICE SYSTEM is permanently established with us, 
 and most strictly observed. As every Garment and Article is marked 
 in plai?i figures, at the lowest possible prices, it ensures to every per- 
 son, however inexperienced, a fair and just bargain. 
 
 Contains a full and complete assortment of 
 
 Cloths^ DoesTcins^ Cassimeres & 'Westings ^ 
 
 And every variety of Goods, suitable for Gentlemen s wear, which will 
 be made up to order in the most Fashionable style, at Prices low as 
 any in the City. 
 
 DUDLEY & GOODWIN, 
 
 SIGN OF THE FULL DRESSED MAN, 
 371 (S Piper's Block,) Iflain Street, 
 
 £>>) 
 
^ ( 30 ) 
 
 FEMALE COLLEGE. 
 
 This institution was incorporated by the legislature of Massachusetts in 
 1854, under the name of the Ladies Collegiate Institute. The location in 
 Worcester was determined upon in July, 1855. Its first term commenced on 
 Wednesday, the third day of September, 1856. The great aim of the friends 
 of this Institution has been to furnish advantages to young ladies similar to 
 those furnished to young men by our colleges, and place those advantages with- 
 in the reach of the less wealthy portion of tlie community. 
 
 The Institution is the fruit of benevolent and christian enterprise, and is con- 
 secrated by the benefactions and sympathies of a generous public, not less 
 than by the solemn, public pledges of its legally appointed guardians, to the 
 great work of Christian Education. There will be a regular course of study, 
 requiring for its completion four years, and embracing all the substantial ele- 
 ments of the college course. There will be, for the present, a preparatory 
 department, specially designed to qualify young ladies to pursue the studies 
 of the regular course. And there will be the department of English studies, 
 selected from the regular coui'se. Either of these departments will be open 
 to young ladies of suitable age and qualifications. The more of maturity, 
 and mental vigor, before commencing the studies of the regular course, the 
 better for the development of one's moral and intellectual character. There 
 will be three terms during each year, and twelve weeks of vacation. The first 
 vacation is of three weeks, the second of four, and the third of five. The 
 second term will commence the second Wednesday in December. The third 
 term will commence the third Wednesday in April, and close the third Wednes- 
 day in July. The boarding arrangements will be similar to those of Mt. 
 Holyoke Seminary. Under the superintendence of their teachers, the young- 
 ladies will each contribute a portion of their time to the performance of the 
 domestic work of tbe family. Young ladies whose friends reside in the city 
 of Worcester, and others, so far as the convenience of the Institution will 
 allow, will be permitted to board in approved families in the vicinity, availing 
 themselves of all the literary advantages, and subject to all the general 
 regulations of the Institution. The expenses for board, room rent and tuition, 
 exclusive of fuel and lights, for those who board in the Institution, will be 
 seventy-five dollars per annum. The expenses for tuition, to those who 
 provide themselves with board and rooms, will be thirty dollars per annum. 
 The services of teachers of ability and experience have been secured, and all 
 
i^^^^i^^^^ 
 
 l^^^-^-^^- 
 
 >^-f<^^ 
 
(32 ) 
 
 requisite means will be used to make the Institution, in all respects, what its 
 friends have desired it to be. The Secretary of the Board, Eev. E. A. Cum- 
 mings, may be addressed at Worcester, touching any matter which concerns 
 the Institution. The accompanying sketch, by Mr. Prentiss, represents the 
 design for buildings adopted by the Board, after plans presented by Messrs. 
 Boyden and Ball, architects. The central building, already erected, is one 
 hundred and twelve feet in length, and fifty feet in breadth. It contains halls 
 and lecture-rooms sufficient for the accommodation of a hundred and fifty 
 persons. The Board are already proceeding to the erection of additional 
 buildings contemplated in their design. When their design is completed, 
 there will be rooms sufficient for the accommodation of four hundred young 
 ladies. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS MERCANTILE AND MATHEMATICAL BOARDING AND DAY 
 
 INSTITUTION, Wqeoestke, Mass. ESTABLISHED IN 1851. 
 
 WSILlHiiKI IH, SAITOH., IPlS©IPIBn3^©IBo 
 
 Book-Keeping, by double and single entry, is taught in a practical manner. 
 The business transactions are verbally given to the student, the same as in the 
 actual counting-house. 
 
 Eaton's original Tablets, representing the day book, cash book, and ledger, 
 are used by the students, obliging them to depend upon themselves — giving 
 them a decided advantage over the school-boy theorist, and placing them at 
 once upon a par with the practical accountant. 
 
 Eaton's Practical Penmanship is acquired by obeying certain fixed rules, as 
 the position of the body, paper, and manner of holding the pen, eradicating 
 a cramped hand writing, and substituting a neat, legible, and rapid style, 
 which, by little practice, can be adapted to a commercial or an epistolary 
 writing. 
 
 In Commercial Arithmetic, the student is confined to the most essential 
 rules, and to those calculations which are of daily occurrence in business. The 
 most concise manner of computing interest, and averaging accounts by simple 
 and compound equation, is particularly attended to. 
 
 Tuition for a course of Commercial study, consisting of Book-Keeping, Com- 
 mercial Arithmetic and Penmanship, ;^22 ; Board, $3,50 per week. Circulars 
 and Catalogues sent by mail, free of expense. 
 
 Rev. Alonzo Hill, D. D., Pastor of the Second Congregational Church in 
 Worcester, writes to Mr. Eaton: — " I am glad to hear from various sources of 
 
i^4^<^-^- 
 
 ( 33 ) 
 
 '"'^tHTi;!!^^ 
 
 your success in establishing, on a permanent basis, your Commercial Scliool in 
 this city. Your enterprise has met with a gratifying result, and you have 
 already earned a well merited popularity. Such an institution was just what 
 was needed among us. It affords occupation for our young men, clerks and 
 operatives, during their hours of leisure. It enables them, on favorable terms, 
 to make up the defects of their education, to obtain the information, and go 
 through the course of discipline, that will fit them to carry on their business 
 with accuracy and dispatch. Would you not do well to make your School acces- 
 sible also to young men in the neighboring towns who are preparing for a 
 business life? I cannot but think there are many in the country who would 
 gladly embrace the opportunity." 
 
 
 -i-^^i^^^ 
 
 — »^>^^| 
 
S '« We have heard," says The Worcester Daily Evening Journal, " much said 
 
 i in commendation of Wm. H. Eaton and his Commercial School in our city, but 
 
 ( have never given ourselves the privilege of a call until to-day, when we took a 
 
 peep into his establishment, and found him at his post, insinuating the myste- 
 ries into the understandings of young and middle aged students, in such a 
 manner as to make schooling a matter of recreation. When looking upon the 
 convenient sitting and standing desks, at his rooms, we could not help compar- 
 incr them with the old pine box of the ancient school-room. But the particular 
 attraction of this Institute, as it seems to us, is the excellent good nature and 
 willino-ness of the Principal to explain and illustrate, step by step, as only can 
 be done by individual instruction. Two evening and morning sessions, of every 
 week, are devoted to lecturing of the explanatory kind, making practical what 
 is learned in theory. Every Wednesday (morning and evening) is set apart for 
 commercial calculations, or business arithmetic ; on this evening, his Lecture 
 Eoom is open to any of our young men, whether of h s school or not, where 
 more information in this * brown study' can be obtained in one course, than 
 by twice the amount of time consumed in poring over text books. 
 
 To those young men who are backward in this branch of study, and do not 
 want to exhibit their lack of ability, it offers a fine opportunity, as all they 
 have to do — as our friend Eaton has it — is to obey the Scripture injunction, 
 * He that hath ears to hear let him hear,' to fully understand all the ' Tactics' 
 of Counting Eoom Arithmetic. On Friday morning and evening of every 
 week, his original tablets are used to illustrate his explanatory lectures upon 
 Double Entry Book Keeping, when his students come together and are drilled 
 in the various forms of entries that are embraced in his own, Comer's, and 
 other systems. And we say to our citizens, that this Academy cannot be too 
 highly appreciated. It is in our midst, preparing our young men to go into 
 business, with those great sureties of success, a correct knowledge of figures, 
 of keeping accounts by the best modern methods, and the art of writing a fin- 
 ished commercial hand. Mr. Eaton invites a call from any of our citizens who 
 may be interested in educational matters." 
 
 i^,^^^^^^^^^- 
 
i?^^?'^-?'^^' 
 
 ( 35 ) 
 
 -— V^-^<^f 
 
 SALISBtJBY MANSION SCHOOL, 
 LINCOLN SQUARE, WORCESTER, MASS. REV. J. V. BEANE, PRINCIPAL. 
 
 This Boarding and Day School for Young Ladies has now been in successful 
 operation for nearly four years, and has clearly demonstrated, in its past his- 
 tory, the demand in the community for such schools. It is designed to meet 
 the wants of those parents who have the ability and the desire to afford to 
 their daughters the highest advantages for intellectual culture, and at the same 
 time the social privileges and moral influences of the family circle. 
 
 The location of the school is peculiarly favorable, being both central and 
 yet removed from the annoyances of business. The grounds, embracing an area 
 of three acres, are tastefully laid out in gravel walks and green lawns, well 
 guarded from public view, and afibrding facilities for healthful exercise in the 
 open air. Important additions and improvements have recently been made to 
 the Mansion, for the accommodation of the school, and nothing has been neg- 
 lected in the domestic arrangements to secure the comfort and health of the 
 family. 
 
 The course of study pursued in this school is thorough and extensive ; the 
 time required for its accomplishment varying according to the age, habits and 
 previous attainments of the pupil. It is sought, first of all, to lay a good 
 foundation in the Fundamental English studies, which are too often sadly neg- 
 lected in our higher seminaries. Next follow in their natural order the High- 
 er English Branches, with the Classics and Modern Languages, Music, Draw- 
 
 < 
 
 i 
 \ 
 
 A' 
 
 *)- 
 
 feV 
 
 /■,„. 
 
 i 
 
 
« 
 
 (36 ) 
 
 ino- and Paintino-, to any extent desired. Competent and faithful teachers are 
 employed in all the departments. 
 
 The discipline of the school is mild and parental but decided. Its regula- 
 tions are such only as its highest interests are tliought to require. 
 
 Parents who may place their daughters in this School, may be assured that 
 it will be the constant and earnest endeavor of the Principal and his associates, 
 to cultivate in them habits of neatness, regularity and industry; to discipline 
 their minds to patient thought and logical investigation ; to teach them self- 
 reliance in the use of their own powers ; to inspire them with a love of study 
 and a thirst for knowledge ; and to train them to a virtuous and religious life. 
 
 Applications for admission as Boarding or Day Pupils, or for further inform- 
 ation, will receive immediate attention. 
 
 Terms and Vacations. — There are Three Terms and Three Vacations 
 in the Academic year. The Fall Term opens on the second Wednesday of Sept. 
 and continues Fourteen Weeks. The Winter Term opens on tlie first Wednes- 
 day of January, and continues Twelve Weeks. The Spring Term opens on the 
 second Wednesday in April, and continues Fourteen Weeks. 
 
 Expenses. — Board, including Washing, Fuel and Lights, per Term, 
 jgGO CO; Tuition in English Branches, $10 00 ; French, $8 00; German, $10 00; 
 Italian, $10 00; Latin, $6 00; Drawing, $8 00; Painting, $10 00; Music, 
 $15 00; Use of Piano, $3 CO. Tuition Bills payable in advance. Half of 
 Board Bills payable in advance. No pupils received for a shorter period than 
 one Term. No deductions on account of absence, unless occasioned by sickness. 
 
 THE ■WOKCESTEK MEDICAL INSTITUTION" 
 
 Was incorporated by the Mass. Legislature in 1850. Its sessions have been 
 recently held in Warren Hall. Walter Bun ham, M. D., is Dean of the Faculty. 
 The course of study required by this Institution is intended to occupy three 
 full years ; the candidates for the regular degree of M. D. must have attended 
 two full courses of Medical Lectures in some established Medical College, one 
 of which must have been in this Institution. They must present satisfactory 
 testimonials of good moral character ; must have a competent literary educa- 
 tion ; and must well sustain an examination in the various branches of medical 
 study, as contained in the course of lectures, and in the text-books recom- 
 mended, or equivalents. The next course of Lectures will commence on the 
 first Thursday in jMarch, and continue sixteen weeks. The fee for a full course 
 'a is $G0 in advance, with a matriculation fee of $3. 
 
^$4^^*-^^^- 
 
 ( 37 ) 
 
 
 
 ■WOBCESTER ACADEMY. 
 
 The original design of this Institution was " not only to afford the means of 
 the acquisition of knowledge by teacliers, library, and apparatus, but to fur- 
 nish such employment as would promote the health of the students, while it 
 enabled them to defray some part of their expenses." In accordance with this 
 design, its beneficent founders purchased, in 1832, a tract of land embracing 
 some sixty acres, suitable for gardening and agricultural purposes, located 
 about half a mile south of what was then the village of Worcester. During 
 the following year, the academical buildings were erected on this ground, at 
 an expense of about ^10,000. The Institution was incorporated Feb. 2Sth, 
 1834, dedicated on the 4th of June following, and opened for scholars Sept. 
 5th, of the same year, under the superintendence of Silas Bailey, A. B. then 
 a recent graduate of Brown University. It very soon won and established a 
 distinguished reputation as a first class literary institution, and has, most of 
 the time since, continued in full tide of successful operation. In 1847, by 
 permission of the Legislature, its name was changed from the " Worcester 
 County Manual Labor High School," under which it was, at first, incorporated, 
 to its present denomination of the " Worcester Academy." Judging that it 
 
 t 
 
^ ( 38 ) 
 
 v^ 
 
 would best promote the interests of the Institution, the Trustees, in the sum- 
 mer of 1854, sold the property then connected with it, cancelled a long stand- 
 ing debt contracted for the construction of the buildings, purchased the estate 
 known as the old Antiquarian Hall, and invested the balance of the proceeds, 
 amounting to the sum of $25,000, in Real Estate securities, as a pcrmuncnt 
 fund. The annual interest of this fund has since been, and will continue to 
 be appropriated to the support of the School, and to the payment of the tui- 
 tion of pious young men, who have in view the profession of the gospel minis- 
 try. Thus relieved from the incubus of a burdensome debt, and possessing a 
 generous fund at interest, the Institution is placed in a better condition to dis- 
 pense its advantages, and fulfill the desires of its friends. 
 
 For the ensuing year, the Academy is placed under the joint administration 
 of William S. Green, A. M., and Werden Reynolds, A. M., gentlemen of large 
 experience, and eminent success in the profession of teaching. They will be 
 aided by an ample corps of qualified assistants, and will devote their own time 
 wholly to tlie instruction of the classes, and the general conduct of the school. 
 
 Two Departments of Instruction, a Classical and a Scientific, are established, 
 and a course of study laid down for each, to occupy the space of three years. 
 Students may take either course exclusively, or such portions of both as they 
 may desire, and can accomplish. 
 
 Those who complete the Scientific Course, and pass a satisfactory examina- 
 tion, will receive a Diploma bearing the seal of the Academy, and conferring 
 the distinction of " Academicus Ornatus." Certificates of Scholarship, liaving 
 the signatures of the Principals and of the President of the Board of Trustees, 
 will also be awarded, at the close of each academical year, to such as have made 
 creditable proficiency in any particular branch of study, and sustain a good 
 reputation in respect of Deportment. 
 
 The Institution is supplied with an excellent philosopliical and mathematical 
 apparatus, for the illustration of tlie various branches of physical science. 
 
 Connected witli it also, and composed of its pupils, both former and present, 
 is the Legomathenian Society, an association instituted in the first year of the 
 Academy, for the purpose of fnrnislung additional facilities for elocutionary 
 improvement, and possessing a Library of about GOO well-selected volumes. 
 
 The Catalogue of this association records the names of many distinguished 
 individuals, occupying positions of high social standing and influence, who 
 honor the Worcester Academy as tlie Alma Mater of their academical life. 
 
( 39 ) 
 
 PRATT & INMAN, 
 
 Importers and Dealers in 
 
 HOOPS, VICES, ANVILS, 
 
 NUTS, WASHERS, AXLES, SPRINGS, FILES, 
 
 PORTABLE FORGES, 
 
 iillTH'i iELLiWS, iemiSTiNii 
 
 Aad a Yarloty of otlier Aftioks, 
 
 Washington Square, 
 
 WORCESTER, MASS. 
 
 If 
 
 m 
 
 '^a 
 
 
 WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, 
 
 WITH A CASH CAl'ITAL OF 
 
 X'FS^OOO 
 
 AI^D AVAIB.ABLE €APITAI. OF $-im 
 
 INSURE BUILDINGS, MERCHANDISE, 
 
 AND PERSONAL PROPERTY GENERALLY, BOTH ON THE 
 
 ON AS FAVORADLH TERMS AS ANY SOUND AND WELL CONDUCTED STOCK OU MUTUAL COMPANY. 
 
 The first class of Dwelling Houses and their attachments, Farm Buildings and their contents, in- 
 sured for one or five years, upon the Stock principle, at the same rate as charged in the Mutual de- 
 partment. Buildings in progress of erection or repair, insured for any time desired, on reasonable 
 terms. Application for Insurance may be made at the 
 
 Company's Oflace, Harrington's Block, corner of Front and Main Streets, 
 
 or to any of its Agents. 
 J. S. PARISH, Secretary. E. H. HEMENWAY, President. 
 
 E. H. Hemenwat, noEATio N. TowEit, Henry Goulding, 
 
 Henry Chapin, Joseph Botden, Jona. Luthek, 
 
 Joseph Pratt, James H. Wall, Timothy S. Stone, 
 
 J. C. Mason, Geo. W. Richardson, Benjamin Walker. 
 
 Edward Earle, 
 PuTMAN W. Taft, 
 E. L. Brigham, 
 
i^^i^^i^-^ — ^^-f-^^-^'- 
 
 (40 ) 
 
 The Academic year is divided into two Terms of twenty-one weeks each, with 
 a vacation of three weeks hetween them, and a recess of half a week in the 
 middle of each. The first Term commences annually on the first Thursday of 
 September. The rates of Tuition remain as heretofore, Common English 
 ^5,00, Higher English $6,00, Classics ;$7,00 per quarter, or half term, payable 
 strictly in advance. As above intimated, the tuition will be remitted, on appli- 
 cation, to as many young men preparing for the gospel ministry as shall be 
 approved by the Examining Committee. This Committee consists of Eev. J. D. 
 E. Jones, Eev. D. W. Faunce, Hon. Charles Thurber, and Eev. J. Aldrich, to 
 any of whom such application may be preferred. 
 
 Young men whose pecuniary circumstances make it needful for them to con- 
 sult economy, and whose energy of character prompts them to avail themselves 
 of honorable expedients for reducing the expenses of an education, can obtain 
 facilities, in the vicinity of the Academy, for boarding themselves on the club 
 principle ; thus reducing this main item of expense to an average of about 
 ;^1,00 per week. The shops, gardens, offices &c. of the city, offer, also, abund- 
 ant opportunities for one, two, or three hours of daily employment, sufficiently 
 remunerative to cover a greater part of all necessary expenditures. 
 
 The friends of the Worcester Academy, believing that under the present ar- 
 rangements, this Institution offers unusual facilities for thorough educational 
 discipline and improvement, earnestly commend it to the continued patronage 
 of all who have sons to educate ; and particularly to that of the Baptist De- 
 nomination, under Avhose auspices, and by whose generous and christian liberal- 
 ity, it was originated and established. 
 
 Communications requesting further information relative to the Academy, 
 may be addressed to either of the Principals, or to the Eev. H. L. Wayland, 
 Secretary, or the Hon. Isaac Davis, President of the Board of Trustees. 
 
 PROF. BTJSHBE'S SCHOOL FOR YOUNG LADIES 
 
 Is located in Clark's Block, Worcester, Mass. His schoolroom is commodious, 
 pleasantly located, and furuished in a style suited to the pleasure and conveni- 
 ence of young ladies, with a view of cultivating habits of neatness and order. 
 While a systematic and extended course of study is pursued, a prominent im- 
 portance will be given to the common English branches, as a proper basis of the 
 higher departments of knowledge. The school being strictly limited to a defi- 
 nite number, each member of the class may receive the immediate attention of 
 the teacher, and thus a more efficient and rapid progress can be secured, and 
 the habits, manners and morals of the pupils more carefully guarded. 
 
 9 
 
( 41 ) 
 
 "-V>^^^^ 
 
 HIGHLAND SCHOOL, 
 
 SALISBURl' STREET, -WORCESTER, MASS. C. B. METCALF, A. M. PRINCIPAL. 
 
 The subscriber, for the last ten years Principal of the Thomas School, in 
 Worcester, will open a Boarding and Day school for Boys, at his residence, on 
 the 7th of Oct. 1856. 
 
 This School is designed to secure to its pupils, at as early an age as possible, 
 a thorough training in the elements of an English education, and, upon this as 
 a basis, to give a complete preparation for College, or for the ordinary business 
 pursuits. The undersigned proposes to educate, in the fullest sense of the term, 
 those who may be entrusted to him ; taking care to insure a proper physical 
 and moral, as well as mental cultivation. 
 
 The School Eoom and Dormitories have been constructed and furnished with 
 special reference to the health and comfort of the occupants. The grounds 
 are elevated and sufficiently extensive, comprising ten acres, and afford full and 
 varied exercise and healthful amusements. They are retired, about a mile 
 from the Main street, yet easily accessible by a beautiful rural avenue. The 
 Boarding Department is intended to secure to the scholars the salutary re- 
 straints, influences and comforts of a good home. 
 
 The undersigned feels confident, from his large experience in teaching here 
 and elsewhere, and from other considerations, in part referred to in this circu- 
 
(42 ) 
 
 lar, that his will be a School secoiul to none of its kind in the country. The 
 Principal Avill give most of the instruction, and his constant supervision to the 
 school, hut will avail himself of the best assistance, as needed, in the various 
 departments. The Modern Languages will be taught by native teachers. 
 
 A Gymnasium will soon be attached to the school, with an Apparatus of the 
 most approved kind for physical exercise and culture. 
 
 The SCHOOL YEAR will consist of forty weeks, divided into three terms. 
 
 Expenses. — For Board, with washing, fuel, and lights, and for instruction in 
 the English, Classical, and Mathematical branches, ;^250,00 per year; Instruc- 
 tion in French, $24,00 ; German or Italian, $30,00 ; Drawing, $24,00 ; Piano, 
 and use of instrument, $54,00. 
 
 Day Scholars. — Instruction in English Branches, $42,00 per year ; Latin 
 and Greek with English, $G0,00 ; Modern Languages, &c., as above. For a 
 single term, one third of the above prices. Bills for all the above, payable IN 
 ADVANCE, at the opening of each term. Books and Stationery furnished to 
 pupils at the lowest retail prices, to be paid for at the close of each term. For 
 further information, apply to . C. B. Metcalf. 
 
 Keferences. — Most of the gentlemen whose names follow, have had sons 
 under the care of the Principal, or have been officially connected with his 
 schools. Hon. Levi Lincoln, Hon. Thomas Kinnicutt, Hon. Isaac Davis, Hon. 
 Stephen Salisbury, Hon. A. H. Bulloch, Hon. Henry Cliapin, Hon. P. C, Bacon, 
 Hon. J. S. C. Knowlton, Hon. Geo. W. Eichardson, Charles Washburn, Esq., 
 Rev. S. Sweetser, D. D., Rev. Alonzo Hill, D. D., Hon. B. F. Thomas, P. Dex- 
 ter Tiffany, Esq., Rev. T. W. Higginson, Rev. Geo. Bushnell, Rev. Horace 
 James, and Rev. J. G. Adams, Worcester. Hon. Emory Washburn, and Osgood 
 Johnson, Esq., Cambridge. Rev. E. Smalley, D. D , Troy, N. Y. A. S. Barnes, 
 Esq., New York. Isaac F. Shepard, Esq., Boston. Luther Haven, Esq., Chicago. 
 Rev. T. R. Lambert, Boston. Rev. Theodore D. Woolsey, D. D., L L. D., Pres- 
 ident of Yale College. 
 
(48 ) 
 
 
 HERBERT HALL. 
 
 The unclersigned opened his School for Young Ladies at the Salishury Man- 
 sion in the spring of 1853. At the opening of the current year, it was remov- 
 ed to its present location at the Highlands, and took the name of Herbert 
 Hall. It is now restricted mainly to Boarding Scholars, and limited in its 
 whole number of pupils to tiventy-five. 
 
 With no disparagement of excellent Institutions of a different character, 
 the undersigned prefers for his own, a school of limited numbers, where he can 
 personally watch over each pupil, meet individual difficulties and defects with 
 appropriate discipline, and unite family with school influences in educating the 
 mind, the manners and the heart. 
 
 These advantages ho has in a high degree at Herbert Sail. In addition, the 
 locality is, it is believed, by universal confession, one of the most charming 
 possible. The beautiful grounds comprise eight acres, with the purest of air 
 and the most delightful views. They are sufficiently removed from the City's 
 interruptions, and yet distant less than a mile, over a beautiful avenue from 
 the Main street. 
 
 For the character and success of his educational efforts, the principal must 
 refer to the numerous patrons, who have supplied him with nearly two hundred 
 pupils since he commenced his work. While the Fundamental English Studies 
 
 
(44 ) 
 
 -— V>^<^l 
 
 *j» 
 
 receive the first attention, the range of Instruction, under accomplished teach- 
 ers, embraces the higher English Branches, with the Classics, French, Italian, 
 German, Higher Mathematics, Music, Drawing, and Paintin •. 
 
 In maintaining the Discipline of the School, the Principal means to apply 
 sound and Christian principles, to demand nothing for caprice and to yield 
 nothing to insubordination. The highest ends of education are moral and 
 religious, and education which stops at a lower point is more dangerous than 
 ignorance. To lay the foundation for a Christian life is the Teacher's great 
 work; and in trying to do it, his reliance must be on a greater than human 
 wisdom, and on rules written only in the Word of God. 
 
 Catalogues, furnishing all necessary information as to the arrangements and 
 cost of the School, are published annually, and may be had on application. 
 
 Herbert Hall, 1856. N. T. Bent. 
 
 With the College of the Holy Cross, on the next following pages, ends the 
 Catalogue of public educational instruction of a high order, which certainly 
 make a goodly show, and place Worcester in the front rank as a place to obtain 
 a good substantial or ornamental education. It wi.i be seen at once, that 
 the various institutions have been arranged without any regard to prece( ence 
 of rank or date of establishment ; regard being had only to the convenience 
 of the printer and the engraver, in preparing the engravings and procuring 
 the copy. There are, besides, many special teachers located here, giving in- 
 struction in their various branches, as music, modern lanffuaffes, drawing and 
 painting, writing, ornamental needlework, &c,, &c. 
 
 We ought not to omit to mention the St. John's Schools, established during 
 the past year under the patronage of Eev. John Boyce, for the education of 
 the children of Catholics by teachers of their own faith. These schools are 
 in the building known as the Catholic Institute, on Temple Street, next ad- 
 joining St. John's Church. They are open to visits from any persons interested 
 in education. Mr. H. Duffy is principal. 
 
 »i 
 
 -»-f<^:i 
 
( 45 ) 
 
 PURBUSH & CROMPTON, 
 
 SOLE ASSIGNEES AND BUILDEKS OF 
 
 i^ipi 
 
 g%m 
 
 mi 
 
 f/ 
 
 PITIIT WOl, 
 
 Red Mills, near Fox's Mill, Green Street, 
 
 WOEISMSfEE, MASS. 
 
 N.B. Improved Loom Chains, Jack Stirrups, Malleable Shuttle Boxes, &c., 
 furnished promptly to order. 
 
 M. A. FURBUSH, GEO. CROMPTON. 
 
 f 
 
 WILLIAM D. FENNO t% SON, 
 
 ■WirOLEBALE AND BETAIL IlEALEKS TN 
 
 WATCHES, iLiOKS, 
 
 SILVER PLATED AND BRITAKIA 
 
 RI]H SHELL COMBS, SPECTACLES, 
 
 CUTLERY, 
 HUSTIFG & EISHISTCt APPARATUS, 
 GUJNS, PISTOLS, 
 OPTICAL AND MATHEMATICAL II^ISTRUSUSEE^TS, 
 
 Also, Canes, Feather Dusters, Vases, Rick Fans, and a great variety of 
 
 Particular attention paid to Repairing Watches and Jewelrv. Engraving neatly executed. Old 
 Shell Combs Repaired and made into fiishionable shape. Old Gold and Silver taken in Exchange. 
 WILLIAM D. r£N2J0, 
 
( 46 ) 
 
 COLLEGE OP THE HOLY CROSS. 
 
 This College, founded and placed by the late Right Keverend Benedict 
 Joseph Fenwick, Bishop of Boston, under the care of the Fathers of the "^ So- 
 ciety of Jesus, is beautifully situated on the heights of Worcester, commands 
 a full A'iew of the city and surrounding country, and is distinguished>.for its 
 remarkably healthy air, and abundant supply of good water. A farm of nine- 
 ty six acres is attached to the College. The plan of education is designed to 
 prepare young men for an ecclesiastical, professional, or commercial state of 
 life, and embraces three distinct courses of study. 
 
 The Commercial Course comprises Writing, Arithmetic and Book-Keeping, 
 the English and French languages. History, Geography, and the use of the 
 Globes, Elementary Algebra and Geometry, with the practical branches of 
 Mathematics, English and French Composition, Reading and public Speaking, 
 and the grounds of natural and revealed religion. 
 
 The Professional Course comprises all the usual branches of a thorough Col- 
 legiate Education, as taught in the best colleges. 
 
 The Ecclesiastical Course comprises, in addition to the branches mentioned 
 above, the several departments of sacred learning, Biblical and Theological. 
 
 All the students sufficiently advanced, have an hour and a quarter, every day, 
 allotted to the study of Mathematics. 
 
 There are three classes of French., During the whole course, the Students 
 are exercised in Composition and Declamation. 
 
 The religious and moral instruction of all, is attended to with watchful and 
 anxious care. Besides the usual course of Catechetical instruction, public lec- 
 tures are delivered on the principles, doctrines and ceremonies of the Catholic 
 Church. All the Students, even in hours of recreation, are constantly under 
 the special care and superintendence of one or more prefects or professors. No 
 applicant from any other institution will be admitted without satisfactory testi- 
 monials as to character and conduct from the principal of that institution. 
 
 The books necessary for tlie different classes, may be furnished by parents or 
 guardians, or they can be procured at the College at very moderate charges. 
 All books must be submitted to the supervision of the Prefect of schools. 
 
 Age of Admission, from nine to fifteen years. No student admitted for a less 
 term than G months, and no deduction made, if removed before the term expires. 
 
 Eev. Peter J. Blenkiusop, S. J. is President and Treasurer, assisted by a full 
 Board of Professors. 
 
o 
 o 
 
 fed 
 
 Q 
 O 
 
 w 
 fei 
 
 w 
 o 
 
 Q 
 O 
 
 OS 
 
 OS 
 
 
 
( 48 ) 
 
 CHURCHES. 
 
 The first Meeting House erected in Worcester was of logs, near the present 
 juuetion of Green and Franklin streets. In 1719 a house for public worship 
 was commenced on the spot now occupied by the Old South, on the Common ; 
 which was succeeded by the present edifice in 1763. This is occupied by the 
 first Congregational Church and Society, which has always adhered to the faith 
 of the Pilgrim fathers. Rev. Horace James is the present pastor. 
 
 A company of Scotcli emigrants settled in Worcester in 1719, and among 
 them was soon organized a Presbyterian Church. Their pastor, Rev. Edward 
 Fitzgerald, came with them from Londonderry, in Ireland, and preached for a 
 few months, but was obliged to remove for want of proper support, — the town 
 exercising the privilege it then possessed of taxing their members for the sup- 
 port of tlie minister of the first church. This was not the only wrong done 
 them. " They commenced the erection of a meeting house on the west side of 
 the Boston road, north of the house of Frederic W. Paine, Esq. The timbers 
 had boon raised and the building was in the process of construction, when the 
 inhabitants gathered tumultuously by night, and demolished the structure. 
 Persons of consideration and respectability aided in the riotous work of violence, 
 and the defenceless foreigners were compelled to submit to the wrong." 
 
 Many of thorn soon left the town and joined their brethren in other places, 
 while some remained, whose descendants have been among our most respected 
 inhabitants. 
 
 The Second Churcli was formed in 1785, of persons differing in their religious 
 faith from tlie first church. Rev. Aaron Bancroft, D. D., was pastor more than 
 fifty years ; and was succeeded by Rev. Alonzo Hill, sometime his colleague, 
 who still sustains the relation of pastor. The place of worship of this, the first 
 Unitarian Society in Worcester, having been destroyed by tire in 18-49, a new 
 and elegant edifice was erected on the same spot, on Main street, just south of 
 the Court house. 
 
 The First Baptist Church was organized in 1812. It owed its formation to 
 the persevering efforts of Dea. James Wilson, for many years postmaster of 
 Worcester. Its meeting house, built in 1836 on the spot where the first had 
 been destroyed by fire, is located on a beautiful eminence east of and fronting 
 on the Common. Rev. J. D. E. Jones is the present pastor. " X 
 
 -4-^S^<^) 
 
 
WASHmatOK ST* machine zmh 
 
 THAYER, HOUGHTON & CO., Proprietors, 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 MACHINISTS' TOOLS, 
 
 or Jl^lipeRIOK 4i1IAI>ITY; such asi 
 
 IRON PLANERS, ENGINE, HAND, CHUCKING & WOOD LATHES. 
 
 Bolt Cutters, Upright and Swing Drills, 
 BORING MACHINES, & BORING MILLS, for Car Wheels and Mill work, 
 
 SLxVBBING MACHINES, &c., &c. 
 
 Jg@="Also, JOB WORK of aU kinds, including Shafting, Pulleys and Hangers, Long Screws, 
 Iron Planing, Gear Cutting, &c. Patent Chucks always on hand at Manufacturers' Prices. 
 
 Address as above, 
 
 7 
 
( 50 ) 
 
 The Calvinist Society was organized in 1822, and intlie following year, their 
 meeting house was erected by the liberality of Hon. Daniel Waldo. Rev. Seth 
 Sweetser has been their pastor since 1838. 
 
 The Roman Catholic Society (St. John's Church) was commenced in 1834. 
 Their present house of worship on Temple street was erected in 1846. Rev. J. 
 Boyce is pastor. 
 
 The First Methodist Episcopal Society was commenced in the winter of 1884. 
 Their first meeting house, on Exchange street, was destroyed by fire, after 
 which that on Park street, now occupied by them, was erected. Rev. F. H. 
 Newhall is their pastor. 
 
 The Protestant Episcopal Church in Worcester (All Saints Church) was com- 
 menced in 1835, though not permanently established till some years later. 
 Their house of worship on Pearl street, was opened in 1846. Pastor, Rev. A. 
 M. Morrison. 
 
 The Union Church was formed and their meeting house opened for public 
 worship in 1836. The house is on Front street, facing the Common. Rev. E. 
 Cutler is pastor. 
 
 The Pleasant street Baptist Church was formed by amioi.ble division from 
 the First Baptist in 1841, and their convenient meeting house erected in 1844. 
 During the present year, this has been greatly improved, and a handsome tower 
 added. Rev. D. W. Faunce is pastor of this church. 
 
 The Universalist Society was formed in 1841, and public worship commenced 
 in their meeting house, corner of Main and Foster streets, in 1 843. Rev. John 
 Gr. Adams is pastor. 
 
 1 he (. hurch of the Unity was organized in 1845, and their place of worship 
 on Elm street opened for that purpose in 1846, when Rev. Edward E. Hale, their 
 first pastor, was ordained. Mr. H. has recently removed to Boston, and the pas- 
 torate is vacant. 
 
 The Laurel street Methodist Church was formed in 1846, and their meeting 
 house was opened for the worship of God in 1848. Rev. H. W. Warren is 
 their minister. 
 
 The Salem street Church was formed in 1847. Their large and elegant 
 meeting house, fronting westerly on the Common, was dedicated in 1849, when 
 Rev. Geo. Bushnell was ordained as pastor. 
 
 There has been a regular meeting of Friends in Worcester, on the Sabbath, 
 and on Thursday mornings, for many years. In 1848, a lot was obtained at the 
 
 — -— V>^<^| 
 
f^^s^^lKH;^- 
 
 ( 51 ) 
 
 CB[A.ELES E. STA.EJLES, 
 
 MANUFACTUKER OF 
 
 WROUGHT IRON 
 
 BIT BRACES, 
 
 -^ -n-itli imi^roved fastener ; a superior article 
 known as 
 
 CAR BUILDER'S BRACES, 
 A^'o> MALLEABLE IRON BRACES, 
 
 a new Invention. 
 
 '— V^-^<^t 
 
 Of different sizes, suitable for Saw Manufacturers and others, made in the most approved manner. 
 
 iiilC BliyiEiS i»4EAii, 
 
 To be operated by hand or foot, for which a Diploma was awarded by the Worcester County 
 Mechanics Association, at their last Fair. 
 
 MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER BOXES, viz : 
 
 Greaser, Corner Cutter, large & small Shears, &c. 
 
 p. S. JOBBING and REPAIRING will receive prompt attention. 
 
 Tflerrifield's Buildis&g-, Exchange St., Worcester. 
 
 CHARLES E. WILDER, 
 
 MANUFACTURER OF 
 
 BOOT STRETCHERS & TURNERS, 
 
 ROLLINGS MILLS, &0. 
 
 C. E. W. having made numerous improvements in his Patterns, 
 would invito the earliest attention of purchasers to the superior ex- 
 cellence of the machines made by him. 
 
 (^^ Orders by mail or otherwise promptly attended to. 
 
 Merrifield's Building, Exchange St., 
 
 WORCESTER, MASS. 
 
 ^'»ll 
 
 T €1W'®"-® MAYHEM 
 
^-^^ ( 52 ) ^' 
 
 corner of Oxford and Chatham streets, and a convenient meeting house erected 
 for their accommodation. 
 
 The Third Baptist Society was formed in the summer of 1852, and religious 
 services commenced in the City Hall. The church was organized in June, 
 1853, and Rev. H. L. Wayland ^yas ordained as pastor in Nov. 1854. Their 
 beautiful meeting house, corner of Main and Hermon streets, was completed 
 in 1855, and dedicated to the worship of God in Jan. 185G. 
 
 The Worcester Free Church, is the title of a religious society, which has met 
 for several years in Horticultural Hall, under the pastoral charge of Ilev. T. 
 "W. Higginson. 
 
 Zion Methodist Church is composed of colored persons, and is under the pas- 
 toral care of Rev. J. N. Mars. Their house of worship, on Exchange street, 
 was destroyed by fire in 1854, but has been rebuilt in a more substantial man- 
 ner. 
 
 The Thomas street Advent Church, Rev. Daniel E. Taylor, pastor, has for 
 some two years met for worship in their spacious and convenient chapel on 
 Thomas street. Another society of believers in the second advent hold their 
 meetings in Waldo Hall, but at present have no pastor. 
 
 The Mission Chapel, corner of Summer and Bridge streets, erected in 1854 
 by the liberality of Mr. Ichabod Washburn, for the free use of that portion of 
 our population not otherwise provided with a place for public worship, has been 
 supplied with preaching on the Sabbath by Rev. W. T. Sleeper, city missionary. 
 He having been invited to the chaplaincy of the State Reform School at West- 
 boro', the place is at present vacant. 
 
 The German Evangelical Society, Rev. Mr. Rau, pastor, hold one service 
 every Sabbath in the Mission Chapel, using their native language. 
 
 St. Ann's Church, (Catholic,) Rev. John Power, pastor, was completed and 
 opened for religious worship in January, 1856. It is located on Pine street. 
 
 In additioa to the above, public worship is regularly observed at the State 
 Lunatic Hospital, where Rev. Geo, Allen is chaplain ; and at the County House. 
 
^^^s^'^-^^r— - 
 
 (53) 
 
 ii E i © JAlJLi^l^ ® ^ ^* 
 
 MECORNEY & BIGELOW 
 
 KEEP one of the largest and best selected assortments of 
 BROADCLOTHS, CASSIMERES, 
 DOESKINS & RICH T^ESTINQS 
 
 that can be found in Worcester. 
 We are prepared to make them np into Garments for Gentlemen's 
 wear in a manner that can not be outdone in the City. We keep 
 none but the best of help — We attend to our own business, and do 
 our own Gutting. 
 l^ Please call and see us, and we will warrant you satisfaction. 
 Also, we keep the best assortment of 
 
 ^t'^^ Sink Cktljing m^ J'lirnisljtng ^mh 
 
 To be found, which we sell very cheap. 
 
 0°CALL AND SEE MECORNEY & BIGELOW, 
 
 214 WIAIIV STREET, ^^orcester. 
 
 MACHINERY and MANUFACTUEERS' SUPPLIES. 
 
 STJIVEKT 
 
 ..^ =3? T 
 
 MANUFACTURER AND DEALEE IN 
 
 NEW AND SECOND HAND 
 
 COTTON AND WOOLEN MACHINERY AND MACHINE TOOLS. 
 
 "With all articles and supplies necessarily used in the operation of the same, 
 
 IMPROVED PATENT WIRE AND TIN HARNESSES AND HEDDLES, 
 COTTON & WORSTED HARNESSES, REEDS, SHUTTLES, 
 
 PICKERS, CARDS, BELTS, FACTORY LEATHER, PRESS & BALING PAPER, 
 Roller and Clearer Cloths, Temples, Wheat, Potato and Fountain Starch, 
 Machinery and other Oils, &c. tf2 Front §tree», "Worcester. 
 
( 54 ) 
 
 Vi-^<^^ 
 
 PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 
 
 
 The City Hall, standing near the northwest corner of the Common, is mostly 
 used for city purposes. In the basement are cells for the detention of prison- 
 ers previous to tlieir examination before the Police Court, and sometimes used 
 to shelter a homeless wanderer from exposure in the streets ; and two stores, 
 at present used as provision stores. On the next floor are the rooms of both 
 branches of tlie City Council, offices for the City Clerk and Treasurer, Marshal 
 and Messenger, and the Police Court Eoom. Above these is the large hall, 50 
 by 100 feet, capable of seating ] 200 persons. The other buildings belonging 
 to the city are some 24 school houses, scattered over the city, five engine 
 houses, and the buihlings on the City Farm. This farm, situated on Lincoln 
 and Boylston streets, three miles from the City Hall, contains about 220 acres 
 of land. The alms-house erected by the City Governments of 1854 and 1855, 
 at an expense of over ;^25.000, is a very spacious and convenient establishment. 
 It is built in a tliorongh and substantial manner, and would afford accommoda- 
 tions for sixty to eiglity persons ; while the average number of paupers sup- 
 
— ^^-^^^^l 
 
 ^ 
 
 <.' 
 
 
 
 
 ^> 
 
 o 
 
 ^* 
 
 Vt> 
 
 rL E3 m: o x^ -A- Ij 
 
 E. W. VAILL, AUCTIONEER, 
 
 HAS EEMOVED HIS OFFICE TO 
 
 150 Main Street, Opposite the Post Oflace, 
 
 And would now take this opportunity to express to his many friends, his 
 unfeigned thanks, for their very liberal patronage for the past eight years, 
 and will (as heretofore) give his particular attention to 
 
 81LB§ Of HBil BSTiTB, 
 
 Flattering himself that his long experience in this business, (having sold 
 many times in nearly every locality in the City and County,) will give him 
 the confidence of all wishing his services. 
 
 HE WILL ALSO ATTEND TO 
 
 SALES OF BANK AND RAILROAD STOCKS, 
 
 Statnarj, paintings anir ^ngrnbings, ^i-uniiture 
 
 At Private Residences, 
 Live Stock, &c. on farms, and Personal Property generally. 
 
 I have permission to refer to the following gentlemen : 
 
 Hon. Levi Lincoln "Worcester. 
 
 Hon. Emort Washburn, " 
 
 Hon. Charles Allen, " 
 
 Hon. IlENEy Chapin, " 
 
 Messrs. Dewey & Williams, " 
 
 Cha'8 p. Bancroft, Esq., Boston. 
 Daniel Ater, Lowell. 
 Wm. T. Merrifield, Esq., Worcester. 
 Eli Thayer, Esq., " 
 
 D. S. Messingee, Esq., " 
 
 *1 
 
 WORCESTEK, 1856. 
 
 ®^§^^?>*^Hr-' 
 
 — ^-^-f^^^i 
 
--v^^^^l 
 
 ( 56 ) 
 
 ported there since tlie removal of tlic State paupers, has been only ten. Still, 
 as our worthy mayor remarked in his inaugural address, " the beauty of the 
 establishment, its warm and cold baths, its sliower baths, tlic spacious halls, 
 parlors and chambers, all warmed with hot air, liave attractions, and it may be 
 filled with tenants." 
 
 The Hew County Court House, was completed in 1845, at a cost of not far 
 from ^100,000. This is a fire proof building, and contains on the lower floor 
 convenient rooms for all the County oflicers, and for the preservation of the 
 public records. On the second floor is a large Court room, with the needful 
 library and consultation rooms. 
 
 Just north of this is the Brick Court House, which is now chiefly used for 
 the sessions of the Criminal Courts, of the County Commissioners, and the 
 Court of Insolvency. 
 
 At the corner of Summer and Central streets is the County Jail and House 
 OF Correction. It contains 43 cells, for the separate confinement of prisoners, 
 and is provided with workshops for the employment of all who are committed 
 for correction, and a dwelling for the keeper with his family and assistants. 
 Mr. Eufus Carter is keeper. 
 
 Immediately south of this establishment, is that noble charity, tlie State 
 
 Lunatic Hospital, a front view of which is seen in our engraving. The cen- 
 tral building was erected in 1831, but soon proved too strait for the recep- 
 tion of the large number of unfortunate persons who were found to need the care 
 and treatment there furnished. It has consequently been repeatedly enlarged, 
 until it is capable of accommodating 336 Insane patients, with their Superintend- 
 ent, physicians and numerous attendants. The present number of patients is 168 
 males and 168 females. A large proportion of recent cases of insanity have 
 been cured here, while a comfortable asylum is provided for the hopelessly in- 
 sane who are dependent on the public for support. The number of insane poor 
 
 -•— H-f<^l 
 
MAKUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF 
 
 COTTOIDT J^l^ ID ^VT" O O IL. E IST 
 
 I^-A.OI3CI3>a-3E3 0-A.I^i:> O X^ O T H I KT C3-, 
 
 OF THE BEST QUALITY. 
 
 Angulai' Wire Cards for Tumblers, Leaders in, and Feed Rolls ; also, a very coarse article for Carding 
 
 Waste, Old Rags, &c., Doffer Rings of the most perfect quality ; also the most approved Napper Cards. 
 
 In connection « ith the above, they are manufacturing all kinds of 
 
 OAK TANNED LEATHER BELTING, 
 
 Of the best quality, Covering Peed Rolls, Buff 'W heels, PuUies ; making all kinds of Loom Strnps,for Manufacurers' use, ic- 
 
 They have receiveil Med- 
 als from all the principal 
 Fairs in the country, as also 
 one from the World's Exhibi- 
 tion, held in London, 1851. 
 These Awards of Excellence 
 together with a steady and 
 constant increase of Inisiness 
 ( WlUch is the trti* tut) , have 
 1 led them to build a new and ( 
 j commodious Factory, and to 
 I increase their Machinery, so i 
 I as to make their Establish- 
 ment the most perfect one 
 of the kind in the world, 
 and they are therefore pre- 
 pared to execute all orders 
 with promptness and in the 
 most perfect manner. 
 
 Nodr'se, Mason & Co., Boston, Mass, 
 Lawre.scf,, Sto.ne .t Co, •' 
 
 Wm. B. Fox & Co., Worcester, 
 Daniel Taintee, " " 
 
 JOHN'SOK .V Co., '• " 
 
 H. N. Bioelow, Clinton, " 
 
 Segraves a Steer, Uxbridge, " 
 Nelson Slater, Providence, R. I. 
 W. A. EoBiNSO.y Jc Co., " •' 
 
 J. L. Slocum, Providence, E. I. 
 David Whitman, Warwick, " 
 Edward Harris, Woonsocket. " [Vt. 
 Harding A Brothers, Winooski Falls, 
 Wood, Merritt it Co., New York. 
 Oscar Schenck, " 
 
 Murray .t Davis, " 
 
 Samuel Harris, Leeds, " 
 H. S. Humphrey, Ogdrnsburg, N. Y. 
 
 Goodall & Co., Cleveland, Ohio. 
 Waterberry Knitting Co., Conn. 
 Union Manuf'g Co., Norwalk, Conn. 
 John Boyington i Son, So. Coventry, 
 
 Conn. 
 John Farnuh & Co, Philadelphia, Pa. 
 J. H. Stockton & Co., " " 
 
 Chase & Towner, Baltimore, Md. 
 
( 58 ) 
 
 persons has been found to be so great, since the successful efforts for their 
 relief here, that the State has been twice called on for additional hospitals, one 
 of which, at Taunton, is now occupied, and the other is in process of comple- 
 tion at Northampton. Merrick Bemis, M. D., is Superintendent at Worcester. 
 
 Antiquarian Hall is located at the corner of Summer and Highland 
 streets. It is mostly filled with the extensive and valuable Library and Cabi- 
 net of the American Antiquarian Society. The library is peculiarly rich in 
 series of American newspapers, and other works illustrative of American His- 
 tory. * The institution has been managed on the most liberal plan ; its collec- 
 tions have been kept open to the public freely, and have been much frequented 
 by strangers and scholars.' Samuel F. Haven, Esq. is Librarian. 
 
 Horticultural Hall, a front view of which is represented, on a small 
 scale, in the above cut, was erected in 1851, by the Worcester Co. Horticultu- 
 ral Society, as a convenient place for noldiiio its exhibitions and meetings, and 
 a safe and profitable investment of its funds. The building is 40 by 100 feet 
 on the ground, built of brick, and the front finished with mastic. In the 
 lower story are two stores, separated in front by the broad stairway leading to 
 the large hall, which is on the second floor. This hall is 40 by 73 feet square, 
 and 24 feet high, lighted by a large central skylight. Adjoining are two con- 
 venient ante rooms, over which is a smaller hall, suitable for singing schools, 
 (Sic. The Hall is on Front street, opposite the City Hall. 
 
 The Horticultural Society was incorporated in 1842, and has held annual 
 exhibitions of fruit, flowers, &c., in September or October, lasting three days, 
 which have always been very successful, both as to the variety and quality of 
 the articles exhibited, and the liberal patronage of the community. Exhibi- 
 tions have also been held for several seasons on each Saturday during the sum- 
 
 1^4^^^-^- 
 
( 59 ) 
 
 •— »^^^t 
 
 HENRY 0. CLARK, 
 
 DEALEB IN EVERY DESCRIPTION OF 
 
 Hosiery, Gloves, Yarns, &c., 
 
 d^mtoikiies, JaMes' Wnkx laments, Skirls 
 
 AND PARASOLS, 
 BUTTONS, BRA.CELETS, 
 
 And a great variety of all the small Wares usually found in a well stocked 
 
 Thread Store. 
 
 NEAR CITY HALL, 
 
 MAIN STREET, WORCESTER. 
 The ONE PRICE System strictly adhered to in all cases. ^^^^ 
 
 We shall always be supplied with a full assortment of the following articles: 
 
 Hosie y 
 
 Gloves 
 
 Woolen Yarns 
 
 Worsted " 
 
 Polish •" 
 
 Merino " 
 
 Zephyr Worsted 
 
 Tapestry " 
 
 Shaded 
 
 Split Zephyr Worsted 
 
 Worsted patterns 
 
 Canvas 
 
 Tidy Cotton 
 
 Knitting Cotton 
 
 Tambour " 
 
 Wicking 
 
 Scissors 
 
 Ribb'd Shi -ts 
 
 Ribbed Drawers 
 P aiu " 
 
 Shirts 
 Ladies' Vests 
 Spool Cotton 
 Hank Cotton 
 Linen Thread 
 Silk and Linen Hdkfs 
 Cotton " 
 
 Green Berage 
 Demi Veils 
 Cypress Veils 
 Wrought Collars 
 Taffeta Kibbons 
 Satin " 
 Lamp Mat Cord 
 Cotton Ribbons 
 Velvet 
 
 Linen Tapes 
 Twill 
 Bobbins 
 Bindings 
 Sewing Silk 
 Linen Floss 
 Welting Cord 
 Carpet Bags 
 Edgings 
 Embroideries 
 Chenielle Cord 
 Hooks and Eyes 
 Purse Twist 
 Steel Beads 
 Bag Clasps 
 Purse " 
 Worsted Tassels 
 Curtain Cord 
 
 Sewing Needles 
 Pins, all kinds 
 Buttons, all kinds 
 Knitting Needles 
 Tidy 
 
 Darning " 
 Perforated Paper 
 Oil Silk 
 Whale bones 
 Elastics 
 Shaving Soap 
 Toilet Soaps 
 Colognes 
 Smelling Salts 
 Hair Oils, &c., &c. 
 
 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL, ONE PRICE ONLY. 
 
 "-V>Si<^| 
 
( 60 ) 
 
 mer, free to tlio public. The Society has a valuable Library, whicli is at all 
 times open to the members. 
 
 The Orphan's Home, managed by the Children's Friend Society, is located 
 on Pine street, in a comfortable house, generously given for the purpose by the 
 late Hon. John W. Lincoln. The object of the Society is to " rescue from evil 
 and misery such children as are deprived of the care of their natural parents," 
 and place them in the care of families where they may be so trained as to be- 
 come virtuous and useful members of the community. The " Home" is there- 
 fore designed only as a temporary home, where they may be properly cared 
 for, until suitable permanent homes can be provided. The average number of 
 children at the Home, has been about 20. Miss Tamerson White is Matron. 
 
 The expense of supporting this large family, in sickness and health, includ- 
 ing salaries, has been but a trifle over one thousand dollars per year, besides 
 such donations of fuel, provisions, &c., as have been sent in by friends. It 
 would seem that more liberal benefactions to this most deserving charity, might 
 be made by the good people of Worcester, without fear of extravagance on the 
 part of either the managers or the matron. 
 
 Agricultural Hall, was erected in 1854, by and for the accommodation of the 
 Worcester Co. Agricultural Society during its annual Cattle Shows, and at 
 other times. Is is situated on the Society's grounds, corner of Highland and 
 Agricultural streets, and is 55 by 100 feet on the ground, and three stories 
 high above the basement. It contains two large halls, several committee 
 rooms, and a convenient kitchen for preparing the Society's dinner, &c. The 
 grounds, — about 16 acres, — are enclosed by a substantial fence, and afford 
 ample room for the exhibition pens, trotting course, and any number of spec- 
 tators that may choose to attend the annual Cattle Shows in September, — which 
 number is always counted by thousands. This occasion, in fact, is peculiarly 
 the annual holiday of old Worcester County, when all her sons and daughters 
 who can, make it a point to visit our flourishing city, to meet their friends, see 
 and be seen, make their fall purchases, and have a good time generally. Sev- 
 eral local Agricultural Societies have within a few years been formed in diflei'- 
 ent parts of the County, and their exhibitions probably detract something 
 from the interest witli which the parent society was formerly regarded ; but 
 the increased attention they must attract in their several neigliborhoods to 
 that oldest and noblest employment of man, — tilling the soil, — will eventually 
 
 Ȥ^s?<K^.- 
 
 M 
 «) 
 
( 61 
 
 14 
 19 
 
 SAMUEL FLAGG & CO. 
 
 «©' 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 Capable of Planing from 2 to 36 feet long ; weighing from 500 pounds to 30 tons. 
 
 ^LSO, E:LSrGIlNl'E LATHES, 
 
 Tliat will swing from 18 inches to 8 feet, and turn from 4 feet to 33 feet long. 
 
 CHUCK AND HAND LATHES, UPRIGHT DRILLS, &c. 
 
 The above cut represents a Screw Cutting Engine Lathe, of 24 in. Swing, 12 ft. bed, with an im- 
 proved Gib or Lock Rest so annexed that the Tool can be raised or altered when in operation, with 
 the same ease and convenience as with the Weighted Rest ; the lower part or half of the Rest is so 
 constructed that the upper part can be easily removed, leaving the lower part well arranged for 
 Boring purposes. The above cut represents the style of our Lathes under 40 in. Swing. We can 
 furnish Weighted or Gibed Rests with Lathes under 36 in. Swing. Weighs 2700 lbs. 
 
 Shop in MERRIFIELD'S BUILDING, 
 
 UI¥IOi¥ STREET, WORCESTER, MASS. 
 
 Having fitted our shop (since the fire of June, 1854,) with New Machinery, and Improved Patterns, 
 we are prepared to furnish ALVCHINISTS TOOLS, of all sizes and descriptions, of improved styles 
 and superior workmanship, on reasonable terms, and at short notice ; we are also prej^ared to 
 receive orders for Leading Screws for Engine Lathes under 33 feet in length. 
 
 LUCIUS W. POND, Sup't. 
 
 f 
 
( 62 ) 
 
 — ^J-^-?<^s 
 
 make good all that may temporarily appear to be drawn by tliem from tlie old 
 centre, — the heart of the Commonwealth. 
 
 -k 
 
 The Worcester Museum, is the title selected for the new and handsome 
 building represented above, now in course of erection adjoining the Horticultu- 
 ral Hall, on Front street, by Wra. Piper. It is intended chiefly for dramatic 
 and musical entertainments, and is built in the most convenient manner for 
 such uses. The front is 46 feet wide, and 86 feet from sidewalk to the flag- 
 staff. The depth is 125 feet, and the rear is 60 feet wide. The stage is 36 
 feet by GO. The audience room, including the parquette and three tiers of 
 galleries, is calculated to seat 1200 persons. Besides these, there are ample 
 accommodations in the way of offices, dressing rooms, ante rooms, &c. &c. for 
 the convenience of the performers, and their audiences. The lower story is 
 intended to be occupied as stores. 
 
 V^S>i^l 
 
l^^^-i-<^r^' 
 
 ( 63 ) 
 
 S, C. & S. WINSLOW, 
 
 Manufacturers of all kinds of 
 
 l\ 
 
 <» 
 
 GEAR CUTTING dene to order / Also, 
 
 CUTTERS FOll GEARING A^D OTHER PURPOSES. 
 
 In connection with onr Gear department we manufacture IHI- 
 PROVED SCREW PRESS, for pressing floor boards, JACK 
 
 SCREWS, and do Machinery Jobbing of ev- 
 ery variety. 
 
 N.B. All letters addressed by mail will be 
 promptly attended to. 
 
 CYPRESS STREET, THIRD FLOOR, 
 
 2d Door from ExcHA^^GE Street, 
 
 SETH C. WINSLOW, 
 
 SAMUEL WINSLOW. 
 
 GEORGE L. BATTELLE & CO., 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF, AND DEALERS IN 
 
 Ifi 
 
 Light Jobbing neatly done. 
 TJlSTIOlSr S5T?HEJ 
 
 South end of Merrifield's Building, up Stairs. 
 
 Worcester, Mass, 
 
 t^ Particular attention paid to REPAIRING SEWING MACHINES, of every 
 description. 
 
 Machine Needles for sale, of every variety. 
 
 GEO. L. BATTELLE, J. W. BATTELLS. 
 
( 64 ) 
 
 The Mechanics Hall. — This splendid building, now nearly completed by 
 the Worcester Co. Mechanics Association, is located on tlie lot long occupied by 
 the residence of the lato Daniel Waldo, on Main street. 
 
 The building has 100 feet front, and is 70 feet in height from the side-walk 
 to the top of the cornice ; the pediment or triangular part over the entabla- 
 ture, rises IG feet higher, making the whole height 86 feet. 
 
 The basement and the first floor measure 145 by 100 1-2 feet. On the first 
 floor there are four stores, eacli 78 by 18 feet, and in the rear of these 
 are two other stores, each Gl by 32 feet, and communicating with the two 
 centre stores which front on Main street. Between the two centre stores is 
 the main entrance, which is 21 feet wide, for a distance of 32 feet, as far back 
 as the two principal stair cases, and is feet wide the remainder of the distance 
 through tlie whole floor, thus communicating with the rear entrance, and the 
 two rear flights of stairs leading to the upper floors. The front stair cases are 
 each 6 feet in width. 
 
 Upon the second floor in front, are five oflftces, each 24 feet by 20; next in 
 rear of these, are two library rooms, each 38 feet by 25, and communicating 
 
( 65 ) 
 
 E. A.. GrOOlDNO^iV, 
 
 WHOLESALE DEALER AND JOBBER IN 
 
 BOOTS. SHOES Km WUtU^ 
 
 No. 1 MECHANICS HALL BUILDING. 
 
 (See Cut on the ojiposite page.) 
 
 The attention of Merchants and Dealers is invited to a complete assortment of 
 Goods, comprising every desirable variety in this line, by the Case or Dozen. Most 
 of my goods are made to my own order, by the best manufacturers in the Country, 
 and especially adapted to the New England and Western Retail Trade. My facili- 
 ties for furnishing the Trade with Rubbers at the lowest prices, are unsurpassed. 
 
 Orders respectfully solicited, and dealers visiting Worcester, are invited to call. 
 
 Worcester, 1856. 
 
 E. A. GOODNOW, 
 
 181 MAI1« STREET. 
 
 C. A. BROWNING, 
 
 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEAMER IN 
 
 
 French Flowers and IVlillinery €roo(l§ of every description. 
 
 EMBROIDERIES, LACES, WHITE GOODS, 
 DRESS TRIMMINas, FRINaES, &C., &G. 
 
 A large assortment af 
 
 constantly on hand, and made to order at short notice. 
 
 N. B. The wholesale department will always be stocked with as large an 
 assortment of Goods as can be found in any Jobbing House in Boston or New 
 York, and will be sold at prices to compete with them. 
 
 MECHANICS BUILDING, 
 
 185 JTlnin Street, -------- Worcester, Iflass. 
 
( 66 ) 
 
 with the offices and each other, by passage ways between them ; next in rear 
 of the libraries, a passage way, 20 feet wide, and extending entirely across 
 the building, communicates with the stair cases from below, and with the small- 
 er hall. This room is 80 feet by 50, and with the ante rooms each 15 feet by 
 11, occupies the remainder of the second floor, to the rear of the building. 
 
 The third floor is devoted wholly to the great hall, and its appurtenances. 
 The hall will measure 128 feet by 80, and 40 feet in height ; allowing each 
 man 2 1-5 square feet, this hall Avill contain standing room f or fonr thousand 
 five hundred men ; at the eastern end is the speakers' platform, 40 feet by 20 ; 
 at the western end are two large ante rooms, and over them the galleries, which 
 also extend along each side of the entire hall; the galleries on the side are 9 
 feet in width ; there are six staircases leading out of the hall to the floors be- 
 low ; the finish and decorations of the interior are not yet completed ; but are 
 to be panel work overhead with columns and arches at the sides. It will be 
 thoroughly lighted and ventilated, and will no doubt be one of the most beau- 
 tiful halls in the country. The style of architecture of the building is the Co- 
 rinthian, and the appearance of the whole will challenge the admiration of all. 
 Elbridge Boyden is architect; H. N. Tower, superintendent ; Tilley Raymond, 
 carpenter. 
 
 The Worcester Co. Mechanics Association was organized in 1842, for the im- 
 provement of its members in general knowledge and the mechanic arts. In 
 pursuance of its objects, a course of literary and scientific lectures has been 
 sustained each winter, and well attended ; a valuable library has been collected, 
 now numbering some 1400 volumes, which is much read, especially by the 
 younger members, and the families and apprentices of members ; and three 
 fairs have been successfully held. For the more convenient accommodation of 
 all these operations, and such others as may be thought desirable, the large 
 and b' autiful Mechanics Hall has been erected, at a cost of about seventy-five 
 thousand dollars. The cost of the lot was about thirty-six thousand. 
 
i. 1. iiliif i 
 
 Manufacturer of 
 
 JOHN Q. HILL, HATS-CAfS 
 
 •AND- 
 
 APOTHECiLE.2-, l^Wjm, 
 
 Mechanics Hall, 
 
 Dealer in 
 
 ''©FoesteF, 
 
 Gloves, Mittens, &c., 
 
 \ Central Exchange, 163 Main-St., 
 
 WORCESTER. 
 
 V* Orders from the Trade KespectfuUy Solicited. 
 
 — ~V>^<^^ 
 
 TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP 
 
 OF 
 
 lOiEISTER COIITI, 
 
 By HENRY F. WALLING, State Engineer, 
 
 and by actual Measurement from Original Surveys, throughout the 
 
 whole County. 
 
 The subscribers are preparing to publish a new and complete Topographical Map of Worcester 
 County. The Surveys are made by experienced Surveyors. All the Public Roads and Locations 
 of Dwellings, Places' of Worship, Post Offices, School Houses, Country Stores, Hotels, Mills, 
 Shops, &c., are to be marked. The names of property holders generally, are also to be inserted 
 upon their places, in the style of New London County, Conn., and Chatauque Co., N. Y., by the 
 same publisher. This Map will also be surrounded with an Ornamental Border of Vignette 
 Views taken in the County. Maps of Villages will also be inserted in the margin, together Avith 
 an accurate Table of Distances to and from all parts of the County. The plan will be plotted to 
 a suitable grade, so as to make a large and ornamental Map, to be engraved by experienced 
 engravers, and delivered to subscribers, handsomely colored and mounted, for $5 per copy. 
 
 WM. E. BAKER & CO., Publishers. 
 
 Orders may be left with IDE & DUTTON, lOG Washington Street, Boston. 
 
(68) 
 
 PUBLIC GEOUNDS. 
 
 When Worcester was first laid out for settlement, a lot of 20 acres was set 
 apart as " a training place and school house lot." This was reduced by subse- 
 quent encroachments, till in 1734, when a survey and plan of the ground was 
 made by a Committee of the Proprietors, and entered in the book of the Pro- 
 prietors' Records, page 201, it was found to contain only 11 acres and 140 rods, 
 including the burial ground in the centre, and the roads across it. Portions 
 have since been granted to individuals by the town, chiefly for a mere nominal 
 consideration, sometimes for nothing, until there remain only about eight out 
 of the original twenty. 
 
 Within a few years, the Common has been greatly improved, a part of its 
 remains enclosed with a substantial fence, shade trees planted and walks laid 
 out, until it bids fair to become an ornament to the city. The old burial 
 ground has been surveyed and a plan carefully made, showing the location of 
 each grave ; the stones were then laid over tlie graves and buried, and the 
 whole ground levelled aud cleared, and added to the available portion of the 
 Common. The present year the city fathers have added a cheap luxury in the 
 shape of substantial plank seats in various sliady places about the Common, 
 which prove to be a great comfort to weary promenaders. A supply of water 
 at three or four points, which could be supplied at trifling cost, would be a still 
 further improvement. And yet another is hoped for by some, Avhich is nothing 
 less than the removal of all the buildings which now stand within its too lim- 
 ited space, which certainly would be desirable were it not for the expense that 
 would attend it. 
 
 Another Common of about 28 acres has been purchased by the city govern- 
 ment, about a mile from the centre, near the Agricultural Society's grounds. 
 This purchase has not been so popular as it would probably have been, had sim- 
 ilar provision been made for otlier portions of the city, at the same or some 
 subsequent time ; and but little lias yet been done by way of improving the 
 New Common. There is but little risk of appropriating too much ground for 
 public breathing spots, in a city fllling up so fast as Worcester has been for 
 the last twenty years, in which time the population has twice doubled. 
 
i 
 
 m 
 
 ( 69 ) 
 
 
 MAUFACTURERS OF 
 
 PLANING MACHINES FOR IRON, 
 
 CHUCK AND 
 
 D LATHES, 
 
 iPEHT iiiLLS, &t. 
 
 >^ 
 
 02 
 
 ^ 
 
 < 
 
 
 CM 
 
 > 
 
 g 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 P< 
 
 o 
 
 g 
 
 
 
 rr 
 
 
 
 -1^ 
 
 
 
 l-M 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 
 a 
 
 ^ 
 
 CD 
 
 O 
 
 d 
 
 
 -|J 
 
 
 o 
 
 Pi 
 
 
 W 
 
 n 
 
 H 
 
 
 PM 
 
 
 w 
 
 fl 
 
 f^. 
 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 d 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 h 
 
 
 <! 
 
 mum m mmiMim&3% mjiMiwm^, 
 
 Corner of Cypress and Foster Streets, 
 
 Worcester, Mass. 
 
 SAI^IUEL. FfiACJ^w, AgCMt and Treaswrer. 
 

 (70) 
 
 BURIAL GEOUNDS. 
 
 — Vi-^^i^^ 
 
 t9 
 
 The most ancient place of burial of tlie wliite settlers of Worcester, was at 
 the corner of Summer and Thomas streets, within the enclosure of the school 
 house. Miss Eachel KcUough, wlio died Dec. 15, 1717, is supposed to have 
 been the first person buried there. After the remains of twenty-eight other 
 persons had been interred there, the burying ground on the Common was open- 
 ed, and was the only one in use till 1795. In Lincoln's History of Worcester 
 it is stated that this spot was opened for burials " in 1730, when Ephraim 
 Eoper, accidentally killed in hunting, was interred there." In the same year, 
 Jolin Young, an Irishman, aged 107 years, was buried in this spot, where his 
 o-rave stone was standins: till the recent burial of all the stones in that ancient 
 cemetery. The last person buried here was Mrs. Dolly Flagg, in 1824. 
 
 The grounds between Mechanic street and the Eailroad were provided in 
 1795 ; and occupied for burials about forty years. 
 
 In 1828, the town purchased the large lot on Pine Court, which was used as 
 our principal cemetery for several years, till the encroachment of the railroad, 
 and the rapid increase of population in that neighborhood, called the attention 
 of citizens to the importance of securing more retired and suitable resting 
 places for the remains of the dead. In 1835, two lots were procured, one on 
 Pleasant street, which was afterwards sold, and one on Eaccoon plain, which 
 will probably be ere long given up, and the remains buried there removed to 
 Hope Cemetery. 
 
 Hope Cemetery, located on Webster street, and containing fifty three acres, 
 was purchased by the City in 1851, at an expense of ^1850. Since the pur- 
 chase there has been expended about ^5000 in fencing the grounds, construct- 
 ing a receiving tomb, preparing avenues and paths and ornamenting thera with 
 trees and shrubbery, grading and laying out a portion of the grounds into lots 
 of suitable size for family burials, and also a large lot for a public burial place, 
 free of charges. Lots have been sold up to the present time, to the amount of 
 nearly ^2000. By an act of the Legislature, passed April 28, 1854, the charge, 
 care and oversight of this Cemetery was placed in the hands of five Commis- 
 sioners, selected by the City Council. The price of family lots has been fixed 
 very low, being from five to fifteen dollars each for the larger portion, though 
 a few have been rated higher. The natural beauty of this location and its 
 peculiar adaptation to the purposes of a Cemetery, with the judicious improve- 
 (^ ments in progress, have done much ' to render this resting place of the dead a 
 
(71 ) 
 
 <QJ IfYl 
 
 
 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER E^ 
 
 iltaicljcs, Mkx WiMt, ^Mx% ^0mh, 
 
 -A. nsr ID 
 
 ¥ i 
 
 w> 'W '^ ^ a 
 
 AND SPORTSMEN'S EQUIPMENTS. 
 
 Union Block, 195 Main-St., Worcester. 
 
 
(72) 
 
 fit and graceful resort for the considerate of the living ; — a solace to the mourn- 
 er ; — and creditahle to the city.' 
 
 The Catholics have a hurial ground on Tleasant street, and another more 
 spacious and suitable, near Sutton's lane. 
 
 In 1836 Hon. Daniel Waldo made a donation of 9 acres of land bordering 
 on Grove street, to be laid out as a Eural Cemetery. An act of incorporation 
 was procured, under ^vhich a Company was formed, the lands beautifully laid 
 out, and the lots oflerod for sale. Most of the original lots have been purchas- 
 ed by our citizens, and many of them handsomely ornamented by their own- 
 ers. The Cemetery has been twice enlarged by the purchase of adjoining 
 lands, and now contains about tliirty acres. It is one of the most frequented 
 as well as pleasant places of public resort within the city. 
 
 COMMUNICATION. 
 
 Worcester is well called the " Heart of the Commonwealth," and the most 
 constant communication with all the extremities, from Cape Cod to Berkshire, 
 is perfectly kept up by the great system of Railroads, which so well represent 
 the arteries and veins of the animal system. Six railroads center here, con- 
 necting in every direction with others, making this the starting point, apparent- 
 ly, for every part of the country. 
 
 The Boston and Worcester Railroad, 44 miles long, was completed and opened 
 for travel in 1835. Seven passenger trains passing over the road each way 
 daily, give all needed connection with the capital or head, and through that to 
 the arms on either side, over the various railroads that meet at Boston. 
 
 The Western Railroad leaves the above near Washington square, and passing 
 over a distance of 156 miles to Albany, connects the other extremity of the 
 State with the heart and head. Four passenger trains each day, enable pas- 
 sengers to choose their time for visiting Springfield, Albany, Hartford, New 
 York, or anywhere else in those directions ; while the immense freight trains 
 complete the excliange between the manufactures of the Bay State and the pro- 
 visions of the great West. 
 
 The Norivich and Worcester Railroad forms a direct connection with Norwich 
 and New York, by Steamboat over Long Island Sound. Four trains a day 
 leave for Norwich, one of them, at evening, for New York. 
 
 The Providence and Worcester Railroad is laid through the valley of the 
 
 — ^i-^^^^l 
 
l^^^-i-^^^^ 
 
 eh^ 
 
 ( 73 ) 
 
 ITi'S Si 
 
 11' 
 
 The Subscriber wishes to call the attention of the public to his 
 IMPROVED SMITH'S SHEARS, 
 
 represented in the above cut, which he is now manufacturing, and has constantly on 
 hand for sale. 
 
 The above are made on a new and improved plan, of the best material, and by the 
 best workmen ; and the exceedingly low price which they can be sold for, brings them 
 within the reach of every man having any use for such an article. 
 
 The undersigned is manufacturing two sizes of the said Shears, both of which are 
 warranted, the first or small size, to cut 3-16 iron or steel, and the second to cut 3-8 
 iron or steel. Both are very compact and well adapted for the use of Smiths, Inven- 
 tors, Model makers. Machinists, and Mechanics generally. 
 
 ALSO 
 
 ADAMS' IMPROVED BOOT CRIMP SCREWS. 
 
 Also constantlv on hand, a great variety of 
 
 TEEL SAW Hiiiii, 
 
 ^ISTD L^THE DOQ8. 
 
 LATHES BUILT TO ORDER, 
 
 AND 
 
 NEATLY AND PROMPTLY DONE. 
 
 All orders addressed to the undersigned, will be promptly attended to and neatly 
 executed. U^ILLIAITl THOxlISO]¥, 
 
 Cypress St. Merrifleld's Buildings, 
 
 WORCESTER, MASS. 
 
 leii^ 
 
(74) 
 
 Blackstone to Providence. Three trains eacli day leave Worcester for the lat- 
 ter city. 
 
 The Worcester and Nashua Railroad, runs to Nashua, N. H. and by its con- 
 nections with other roads opens a direct communication between the Northern 
 parts of Massachusetts, and New Hampshire and Vermont, and Worcester, 
 Providence, New York, and the West. Three trains pass over the road in each 
 direction daily. 
 
 The Fitchhurg and Worcester Railroad leaves Pitchburg and passes Leomin- 
 ster and Sterling, whence its cars pass over the Worcester and Nashua Eailroad 
 to Worcester. The cars leave AVorcester three times daily in company with the 
 trains for Nashua. 
 
 'Stages keep up the communication between Worcester and many of the 
 neighboring towns, leaving once or twice a day for Millbury, Grafton,' Leicester, 
 North Oxford, Eutland, Barre, Holden, Shrewsbury, Hubbardston, and perhaps 
 other places. 
 
 Postriders distribute the weekly newspapers, bundles and sometimes passen- 
 gers, over four or five of the less frequented routes, for some twenty miles, on 
 each Wednesday. 
 
 Omnibuses have been established on several routes in the city. The New 
 Worcester and Lincoln square line makes seven trips each way daily ; Wood's 
 lines run through Main street to meet all the trains (except the IIP. M. train) 
 on the Western and Providence liailroads ; and a new line has been commenc- 
 ed, to run from and to Cherry Valley twice a day, and three evenings per week. 
 All of them also run on the Sabbath to accommodate chui'ch goers. 
 
 BUSINESS. 
 
 The principal business of Worcester is Mechanical, including the manufac- 
 ture of an almost infinite variety of articles for different and distant markets, 
 as well as for home consumption. It would be difficult to give any thing like 
 a complete account of the various branches carried on here, or of their com- 
 parative extent and importance, though a fair idea may be formed from the 
 notices in this work, and the list compiled from the returns of the assessors 
 in 1855, appended to this article. Woolen, Cotton, Paper, and other Machin- 
 ery, Machinists' Tools, Iron and Brass Wire, Cotton and Woolen Goods, Boots and 
 Shoes, &c. &c., have long been successfully manufactured here, and sent to all 
 parts of the country. Tlie Worcester Plows and other Agricultural Imple- 
 
 !§1^?>^K^r- — -V^:-^-^^, 
 
(75) 
 
 ■■-^^^^^pm 
 
 Office 257 Main St., Clark's Block, 
 
 This Company continues to insure on Buildings, Dwelling Houses, Stores, Furni- 
 ture, Stocks of Goods, and Merchandise generally, of the safer class, against loss or 
 damage by Fire, for any length of time not exceeding seven years, in the Mechanics' 
 Class. 
 
 They also insure in the Manufacturers Class, Cotton and Woolen Mills, having 
 the following characteristics, viz: built of brick or stone; heated by steam; having 
 a constant watch ; a good force pvimp, expressly for extinguishing fires, and the picker 
 out of the main mill, or if in the mill, in a fire-proof room. 
 
 Applications for insurance, made direct to their oiRce, by mail or otherwise, will 
 meet with prompt attention. 
 
 Hekut a. Dennt, Worcester. George BLvcKBaR>r, Boston. 
 
 Alonzo White, Lei'-esler. K. S. Denny, CLippville. 
 
 Wm. B Fox.. Jr., Worcester, Dwight Foster, Worcester, 
 
 Samuel L. Hodges, Cherry Valley. 
 PARLEY HAMMOND, Treasurer. HENRY A. DENNY, President 
 
 ■VtTM. S. DENNY, Secretary. 
 
 E.SEK SAnNDEBs. Graftou. 
 Geo. M. Rice, Worcester. 
 Daniel Tainter, Worcester. 
 
 Will execute all operations entrusted to their care, in a thorough and satisfactory manner. 
 
 -A.IiTIFIOI^L TEETH, 
 
 Of every kind and quality, as their patrons may desire, or the nature of the case may demand. 
 Oflace 158 Main Street, directly opposite the Mechanics Hall Building, 
 
 O. p. HARRIS. DWIGHT TRACY. 
 
iy^f^-?^r«— ■ — — >^Sk^ 
 
 ( 76 ) 
 
 ments have for years been known as among the best, if not the very best, in 
 the world ; and their use has become so extensive that it may now be said 
 with truth, that the sun never sets on the lands cultivated with the Worcester 
 Eagle Plows. This is true also of some other of the manufactures of our city. 
 
 Then there are Musical Instruments, Castings of all kinds, Fire Arras, 
 Copying Presses, Screw Wrenches, Hammers, Augers, Knives and Chisels, 
 Binders' Shears, Picture Frames, Porte Monnaics, Fancy Boxes, Jewelry, Fancy 
 Cards, and almost innumerable other articles, for ornament or use, manufac- 
 tured here, and standing among the best of their kinds in all the markets of 
 the country. 
 
 Worcester Eailroad Cars and Car Wheels, Switch Stands, Car Linings, &c., 
 with Cast Iron and Terra Cotta building Cornices and other ornaments, 
 are also among our well known and well approved manufactures. 
 
 The great fires of 1854, which consumed over half a million dollars worth 
 of property of our mechanics, destroying in many cases their tools and pat- 
 terns, and in some, the entire earnings of years of toil, was a serious blow to 
 the prosperity of our mechanical interests ; — more especially as several foreign 
 insuran(;e companies, and one or more nearer home, which had insured large 
 amounts on the property destroyed, proved utterly worthless in the hour of need. 
 
 But though cast down, they were not destroyed. Nearly all are again in 
 successful operation, with new and better buildings, — more scattered, and there- 
 fore safer, — new machinery, tools and patterns, with all the improvements 
 suggested by former experience, and consequently better prepared thian ever 
 to supply their former customers, and the rest of mankind, with their various 
 articles of manufacture. 
 
 Hon. Geo. Boutwell, in a recent Cattle Show Address, spoke of Worcester as 
 combining more advantages for successful business than most other places in 
 the State. Among these he mentioned the facts, that capital and skill are for 
 the most part united in the same persons ; the variety of employments, which 
 prevent any entire overthrow of business in years of depression ; and the fact 
 that the capital of the town is resident in the town. 
 
 Another important class are the Farmers ; though it is not necessary to say 
 much about them, as their fields and their orchards, their cattle and their 
 barns, all speak for them. Many of our older inhabitants, as their fathers 
 were before them, are farmers, and there is no class more independent, or 
 better situated for comfortable living. With a ready cash market for all their 
 
 »1 
 
 (4 
 
( 77) 
 
 ^ % r 
 
 liPiifiii ill 
 
 u 
 
 "SGM 
 
 I llljjiyj^ll 
 
 
 
 II pill S 
 
 
 
 ■— \ftLW\Vi-). 
 
 MAiixrrrapAeTUH.DBH.s eae 
 
 
 
 
 
 CORNELIAN, CORAL, 
 
 Manufactory, - 
 
 Wm. H. Johnson, Worcester. 
 
 J. Warkex Ekown, ) ^-r ,. 1 
 T o r jNew lork. 
 
 LOREXZO Sxow, ) 
 
 New Worcester. 
 
 New York Oface, 
 
 10 Maiden Lane. 
 
'i 
 
 ( 78 ) 
 
 surplus produce at tlieir doors, they would be sadly unjust to themselves if 
 they were not industrious and thriving. 
 
 So large a class of producers of course attract traders in sufficient numbers 
 and variety, who are always ready, for a consideration, to supply their wants, 
 whether for the necessaries, the comforts, or the luxuries of life. And the 
 easy and rapid communication with other parts of the country enables them 
 to compete successfully witli even the " merchant princes" of Boston and New 
 York, both in variety and price ; so that the man who has earned his money 
 in Worcester, has no need to go abroad to spend it judiciously. 
 
 Within the last twenty years, a very great improvement has been made in 
 the appearance and convenience of our Stores, and other places of business ; 
 but we are unable to speak of them in detail. Views of many of them are 
 shown in tliese pages, which will serve as a favorable sample of the whole. 
 
 The following statistics of the industry of Worcester were collected by the 
 assessors in 1855, and returned to the Secretary of the Commonwealth, in 
 reply to inquiries sent out by order of the Legislature. They are therefore 
 official, but by no means a complete view of the varieties of business carried 
 on here, as our advertising pages will show. 
 
 3 Cotton Mills, 7256 spindles, 
 
 6 Woolen Mills, 
 
 1 Hosiery Manufactory. - - _ _ _ 
 
 3 Rolling, Slitting, and Nail Mills, 
 
 5 Iron Furnaces, ---.__ 
 
 7 Cotton, Woolen, and other Machine Manufactories, 
 
 1 Cutlery Manufactory, - - . . _ 
 
 1 Plow and Agricultural Implement Manufactory, 
 
 2 Brass Foundcries, - - _ - _ 
 
 1 Paper Manufactory, - _ _ ^ _ 
 
 4 Musical Instrument Manufactories, 
 
 7 Dagueireotype Artists, 30,000 pictures made, 
 
 1 Manufactory of Watches, Gold and Silver Ware, &c., 
 
 8 Saddle, Harness and Trunk Manufactories, 
 
 3 Upholstery Manufactories, - _ - _ 
 
 5 Hat and Cap " 2 1,900 made, 
 1 Cordage " 10,000 lbs., 
 
 1 Machine Card " . _ _ _ 
 
 Capital 
 Invested. 
 
 Annual Value of 
 
 Pi-oitucts. 
 
 Persona 
 Employe'l. 
 
 
 104,120 
 
 139 
 
 
 278,070 
 
 
 3,000 
 
 21,500 
 
 17 
 
 83,000 
 
 332,500 
 
 82 
 
 90.000 
 
 479,000 
 
 190 
 
 155,000 
 
 373,000 
 
 190 
 
 ,500 
 
 2.000 
 
 2 
 
 110,000 
 
 500,000 
 
 225 
 
 1,500 
 
 11,750 
 
 6 
 
 3,00d 
 
 10,000 
 
 8 
 
 12,000 
 
 27,000 
 
 26 
 
 7,000 
 
 
 14 
 
 3,000 
 
 10,000 
 
 3 
 
 8,800 
 
 39,800 
 
 50 
 
 4,600 
 
 12,000 
 
 11 
 
 15,000 
 
 
 55 Jr 
 
 2,500 
 
 
 3 I 
 
 31,000 
 
 63,000 
 
 15 bV 
 
 \4 
 
f^^S^-iK^T— " 
 
 ( 79 ) 
 
 E^IMSl^ 
 
 m 
 
 
 No. 7 Mechanic Street, 
 
 llrl/IJtliriril^ i OKBiia m mmmm ■ 
 
 RAW AND BOILED OIL, 
 
 CONSTANTLY ON HAND. 
 
 ^m »^^^*-^m 
 
 
 Maij:er of the 
 
 RICHEST STYLES ^ QUALITIES 
 
 READ Y-MAiIe CLOTHING, 
 
 f eiif Sill© ittiSp ti. 
 
 '0 
 
 p 
 
 FOR 
 
 Large Facilities Possessed, ) C CIiARK'>^ BJiOCK, 
 
 Great Advantages Offered. ) ( 259 Maisa-st. IVorcestcr. 
 
 M^^^^'-i^^^^ 
 
( 80 ) 
 
 6 Manufactories of Railroad Cars, Coaches &c., - 85,200 203,300 141 
 
 4 Soap and Candle Manufactories, - - - 6,500 18,000 22 
 
 4 Manufactories of Fire Arms and Barrels, - 55,000 130,000 194 
 
 4 Cabinet and Chair Manufactories, - - 7,000 20,000 20 
 
 9 Tin Ware " .... 11,500 34,500 34 
 
 1 Camphene and Burning Fluid Manuf. 33,000 gals. 1,000 1 
 
 1 Tannery, 4,000 8,000 5 
 
 3 Currying Establishments, ... - 10,000 95,000 18 
 Manufactories of Boots and Shoes,- - - 170,000 1,160,970 1446 
 Manufactories of Bricks, _ _ . _ 32,450 55 
 Manufactories of Cigars, - - - - 7,950 13 
 Building Stone Quarried, &c., ... 16,310 36 
 
 1 Whip Manufactory, 3,000 2 
 
 1 Blacking Manufactory, _ . . . 2,000 2 
 
 Manufactories of Mechanics Tools, - - - 448,424 334 
 
 Manufactories of Lumber, ..-_ 11,100 5 
 
 1 Manufactory of Stone and Earthenware, - - 8,000 18,000 "^ 16 
 
 2 Manufactories of Sashes, Doors and Blinds, - 4,000 25,000 25 
 1 Manufactory of Gas, 90,000 22,000 6 
 
 Breweries, 6,000 10 
 
 6 Bakeries, 7,800 74,500 29 
 
 4 Paper and Wooden Boxes, - - - - 3,500 19,165 19 
 
 Besides are various agricultural products, amouuting in the aggregate to 
 P-i5,184. 
 
 The foregoing statistics of industry were furnished in reply to questions 
 proposed by the Legislature ; the assessors reported in addition the following 
 branches of business, as employing 1,701 persons ; value of articles manufac- 
 tured, ^939,500; capital, ^237,800. One each establishments for manufacture 
 of lightning conductors, vanes, &c. ; steel and iron wire ; water wheels ; mow- 
 ing and reaping machines ; shafting and gearing ; hay and straw cutters ; porta 
 monnaies; railroad turn tables; weavers reeds and harnesses; shuttles; umbi-el- 
 las and parasols ; wire selves and netting ; carriage wheels ; apple parers ; 
 perforated board ; card setting machines ; bit stocks and window springs ; 
 saws ; files ; trusses ; confectionery ; letter envelopes ; and enamelled leather 
 cloth. Two each for manufacture of percussion presses and stencil cutting ; 
 coffins; leather belting; and blank books. Three for manufacture of wrenches, 
 shaves, chisels and copying presses. Six for manufacture of shoe tools, kit, 
 &c.; and fourteen for the manufacture of clothing. 
 
( 81 ) 
 
 — ^^^-f^i^l 
 
 9 
 
 130 Main Street, opposite Bay State House, 
 
 
 h mm 
 
 DECORATIVE Al\» PAWEI, 
 
 PAPER HANGINGS, 
 
 f ABtE ©eftElfp 
 €m Crags, "gritemiia m)i '^Mtii WinxtSf 
 
 Q^ o^^ 
 
 SOLAR LAMPS & GIRANDOLES, 
 
 The subscribers have always on hand as good an assortment of 
 the above Goods as can be found in New England, 
 
 A T 
 
 PRICES AS LOW AS CAN BE BOUGHT IN BOSTON OR NEW YORK. 
 
 Having been in this business for the last sixteen years, we feel confi- 
 dent in our ability to suit the most fastidious, 
 in regard to the style, quality and prices. 
 Orders from dealers or consumers always promptly attended to. 
 
 BROWN & FIRTH, 
 No. 2 FLAGG'S BLOCK, - - - - Opposite Bay State House. 
 
 ^§^^f^-?-i^-' 
 
 11 
 
 — -V^-f^^^l-^v^^^-^-ir 
 
 '--ViSi<i^^i 
 
( 82 ) 
 
 And many other branches of industry might have been mentioned, among 
 which are 6 printing establishments, employing not less than sixty persons, 
 and turning out some 30,000 papers per week, besides any amount of book and 
 job printing of all kinds ; four book binderies, employing 12 or more hands; 
 four book publishers, issuing many thousand volumes annually, &c. &c. 
 
 The aggregate value of the manufactured articles as reported above is 
 )^5,564,609. 
 
 FIRE DEPARTMENT, AND AQUEDUCT. 
 
 Pew places are better provided with the means of extinguishing fires than 
 Worcester. A well organized Fire Department exists here, amply supplied 
 with good apparatus. Four powerful Engines are located in the Centre, and 
 one at New Worcester, all well officered and manned. We have also two Hook 
 and Ladder Companies, with full apparatus ; and three Hose Companies, an 
 efficient Fire Police, for the removal and preservation of property at tires, and 
 two Social Fire Societies, for mutual aid in the same direction. A most val- 
 uable agent of the department, especially as afiording a supply of water for 
 extinguishing fires, is the Bell Pond Aqueduct. This was " completed " in 
 1845, at a cost of about ^24,000. The pipes have since been entended in 
 many of the principal streets, to several times the original length. The head 
 of the Reservoir at the outlet is 183 feet above the Aqueduct in Thomas street, 
 and 100 feet higher than the corner of Elm and Chestnut streets. The supply 
 of water has been sufficient for the original use, but it has been much called 
 for, for domestic and mechanical purposes, until the need of a new and greater 
 source of supply has become urgent. Engineers have been employed to make 
 surveys in Worcester and the neighboring towns, to ascertain from what source 
 a full supply of water can be obtained for the present and prospective wants 
 of the city. The waters from the various streams and ponds to which ad- 
 measurements have been made, have been analyzed, and in most cases have 
 been found to be very pure. The whole subject is engaging the earnest at- 
 tention of the city government, and the people, and, intimately connected as 
 it is with the comfort, health and beauty of the city, there can be no doubt 
 but measures will be soon matured for securing a full supply of pure water 
 for all purposes. 
 
 
— ^^>f<?^. 
 
 HARRINGTON, HEALD & CO., 
 
 MANUFACTUUERS OF 
 
 Screw Wrenches, Drawing Knives, Boring Machines, Mortising 
 
 Machines, Socket Framing Chisels, Socket Firmer 
 
 Chissls, Millwright Chisels, Corner 
 
 Chisels, Carpenters' Slicks, &c. 
 
 cin^^^ 
 
 MORTISING MACHINES, 
 Operated by a Foot Lever. 
 
 SOCKET, FRA.MING & FIRMER 
 Corner Chisels & Carpenters' Slicks. 
 
 m^^^-^-^^— 
 
 — -^{'i-f<^i 
 
ex. ( g^ ^ C,, 
 
 HOTELS, EATING HOUSES, &c. 
 
 Oar city is well supplied with establishments of this kind, where the trav- 
 eller or citizen may find comfortable accommodations by the day, week or year, 
 or with a single meal or lunch ; and in any style of elegance or richness to 
 suit the taste or the pockets. 
 
 The Lincoln House, mentioned opposite, and its enterprising proprietors, are 
 too well known to travellers to require further notice here. Others, of more 
 or less pretensions, may be found by reference to their advertisements here or 
 elsewhere ; and we will only say in conclusion, that no one need stay away 
 from Worcester for fear of lacking ample entertainment for man and beast. 
 
 NEWSPAPERS, PERIODICALS, &c. 
 
 The Massachusetts Spy, established in Boston by Isaiah Thomas, in July 
 1770, was first issued in Worcester May 3, 1775, where it has been continued 
 till the present time, having long since reached the venerable rank of the 
 oldest paper in Massachusetts. For many years past, in addition to the weekly 
 edition, it has been published daily, with a very extensive circulation. John 
 Milton Earle, the present senior editor, has been connected with it as editor 
 and proprietor for thirty three years. Earle & Drew are editors and proprietors. 
 
 The National ^Egis was established in support of the policy of Mr. Jef- 
 ferson in 1801, and has been continued, with various fortunes and misfortunes, 
 most of the time till now. It is published by C. B. Webb. 
 
 The Worcester Palladium was commenced in 1834, taking the place of 
 two or three others, and has continued to be issued weekly under the editorial 
 charge of its proprietor, Hon. J. S. C. Knowlton. 
 
 The Daily and Weekly Transcript have been published some six years. 
 The establishment is now managed by an association, and Mr. Z. K. Pangborn 
 is editor. 
 
 The Daily Bay State, commenced Sept. 1st, 1856, is published by Silas 
 Dinsmore. 
 
 A large number of attempts have been made from time to time to establish 
 other papers and periodicals, daily, weekly, or monthly, with the usual success 
 of such efforts, i. e. they have used up the available means of their founders, 
 and then mostly been discontinued, or been merged in other publications. 
 
f§^-?^^<-i— ^ 
 
 ( 85 ) 
 
 — -v^-?<^l 
 
 Unit gjittiwl Jife l^ssitrance Cnmpimg, 
 
 OFJUa)B. CHESTER, MASS. 
 Hon. ISAAC DAVIS, President. 
 
 WILLIAIU DICKIl\SOrV, Treasurer. 
 
 CXAREIVDOIV HARRl!!;, Secretary. 
 
 Guarantee Capital, 
 
 $100,000. 
 
 This very successful Company, conducted upon the cash principle with rigid econ- 
 omy, having accumulated a large cash capital, the Directors have been enabled to re- 
 duce the rates of Premium by dispensing entirely with Deposit Notes, the Premium 
 being the extent of liability, making it one of the most favorable, reliable Companies, 
 in which to effect Insurance. $5000 only taken on one Risk. Policies issued on 
 good lives for California and Foreign Countries at reduced rates of Premium. 
 
 Applications for Assurance may be made at the office of the Company, 98 Main St., 
 Worcester, and to the agents in the towns and cities in New England, New York, 
 New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Ohio. 
 
 •WGDeiGBSTDBDOL, MASS. 
 H. T. BONWEY & CO., - - - - Proprietors. 
 
 The above House has recently been remodeled and refurnished throughout, with all the 
 
 CONVENIENCES FOR A FIRST CLASS HOTEL. 
 
 Situated directly opposite the Depot of the Boston, New York, Norwich, Nashua and Fitchburg 
 
 Railroads, on Main, corner of Elm and Maple Streets. 
 H. T. Bonnet. John G. Ball. Thos. Tuckeb. 
 
 fc)- 
 
( 86 ) 
 
 The Sunday School Gazette is published semi-monthly by the Unitarian 
 Sunday School Society. The circulation is about 8000. Rev. W. H. Cudwortb, 
 Boston, is editor, and Henry J. Howland, Worcester, printer. 
 
 The Worcester Journal of Medicine was established by the late Calvin 
 Newton, M. D. in 1846, and is now published monthly by F. H. Kelley & Co. 
 Drs. Kelley, R. C. Williams and A. J. Howe are editors. 
 
 The Worcester Almanac, Directory and Business Advertiser, was com- 
 menced in 1844 by Henry J. Howland, its proprietor, who has published it an- 
 nually since. For several years its circulatron has been 3500 copies per year. 
 
 VARIOUS NOTICES. 
 
 We neglected to mention in the proper place, that Worcester became a city 
 by a charter from the State Legislature, Feb. 29, 1848, accepted by the citizens 
 March 18 of the same year, by a vote of 102f> to 487. 
 
 The growth of the city in population, &c., from time to time, is sbown in 
 the annexed table. 
 
 I 
 
 Year. 
 
 Population. 
 
 1763 
 
 1,478 
 
 1776 
 
 1,925 
 
 1790 
 
 2,095 
 
 1800 
 
 2,411 
 
 1810 
 
 2,577 
 
 1820 
 
 2,962 
 
 1825 
 
 3,650 
 
 1830 
 
 4,172 
 
 1835 
 
 6,624 
 
 1840 
 
 7,497 
 
 1845 
 
 11,556 
 
 1850 
 
 17,049 
 
 1851 
 
 
 1852 
 
 
 1853 
 
 
 1854 
 
 
 1855 
 
 22,484 
 
 1856 
 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 76 
 
 22 
 
 39 
 
 39 
 
 43 
 
 68 
 
 105 
 
 159 
 
 227 
 
 381 
 
 374 
 
 408 
 
 409 
 
 429 
 
 414 
 
 PoUb. 
 
 486 
 
 530 
 
 518 
 
 626 
 
 881 
 
 1,018 
 
 1,570 
 
 1,799 
 
 3,150 
 
 4,783 
 
 4,843 
 
 5,118 
 
 5,110 
 
 5,906 
 
 5,842 
 
 5,840 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 296,542 
 
 1,476,383 
 
 2,015,750 
 
 2,437,550 
 
 2,747,800 
 
 3,667,250 
 
 4,288,950 
 
 6,004,050 
 
 11,082,501 
 
 11,925,000 
 
 12,575,000 
 
 14,982,000 
 
 17,677,000 
 
 18,059,000 
 
 18,890,000 
 
 Tix. 
 
 3,017 
 
 3,213 
 
 4,715 
 
 6,215 
 
 8,073 
 
 15,986 
 
 21,194 
 
 34,121 
 
 83,645 
 
 87,765 
 
 89,418 
 
 114,020 
 
 154,966 
 
 146,635 
 
 151,193 
 
 V^Si<^S 
 
( 87 ) 
 
 WILLIAM A. WHEELER, 
 
 No. 42 Thomas St., - - - Worcester, Mass. 
 
 MANUFACTURER OP 
 
 STOVES, HOT-AIR FURNACES, 
 
 FOR TS^OOD A.]Srr) CO^L; 
 
 AQUEDUCT AND STEAM PIPE, 
 
 uz nn mn betoets, 
 
 BORING MILLS, PUNCHING PRESSES, CLOTH PRESSES; 
 JA.CK & MILL SCEE^W^S; 
 S¥Ei-^lDfflIiS| 111 ft lilLIBI MBfiii 
 CALDRONS from 25 to 120 gallons ; 
 
 Also, a large assortment of 
 
 Spur an^ ^cbtl Scaring, |3nn5crs, Coupliitgs anir ^ons, 
 
 Falldjs from 6 iacl^es to 6 fM%l m Olanieter; 
 
 Railroad Frogs^ Swilch-stands & Chairs; 
 
 '^^IVj^l,;, '^%'^^% m^^% & '^''^^^l. 1^.^%1«^ 
 OF VARIOUS PATTERNS. 
 
 Forg^in^, Boriiig^, Turning-, and Pattern .'?Sakin§' 
 
 Done to Order. 
 
 — ^^^-?<^^ 
 
(88) 
 
 In 1812, President Dwiglit gave the following description, which has not 
 yet ceased to be correct ; " The houses are generally well built ; frequently 
 handsome ; and very rarely small, old or unrepaired. Few towns in New 
 England exhibit so uniform an appearance of neatness and taste, or contain so 
 great a proportion of good buildings, and so small a proportion of those which 
 are indifferent, as Worcester." 
 
 There are five Banks doing business in Worcester, viz : the Worcester, Cen- 
 tral, Quinsigaraond, Citizens, Mechanics and City Banks, having, together, a 
 capital of ^1,700,000. There are, also, four Mutual Fire Insurance Compa- 
 nies : — the Worcester County Mutual, the Mechanics, the Merchants and Far- 
 mers, and the Peoples. And the State Mutual Life Assurance Company, a 
 sound, reliable and economical company. Also, agencies for other Insurance 
 Companies of various kinds. 
 
 The Worcester County Institution for Savings is located here, and is a secure 
 place of deposit, where those who wish to place their small savings on interest 
 can do so, with the assurance that both principal and interest will be forthcom- 
 ing when wanted. 
 
 The Mechanics and the Five Cents Savings Banks, younger institutions for 
 the same purpose, also have their home in Worcester. 
 
 Another institution, somewhat akin to the above, is the Worcester Mechan- 
 ics Loan Fund Association, established by authority of the Legislature, and 
 designed as a safe investment for small monthly sums, and a convenient in- 
 stitution for those who wish to borrow money to buy or build a house, return- 
 able in small monthly payments. 
 
 We have also here two Divisions of the N. E. Protective Union, who supply 
 the necessaries of life to members and others, to the amount of over one hun- 
 dred thousand dollars per year, at a very trifling advance from the lowest 
 wholesale prices. 
 
 The Female Employment Society is another public institution of much value. 
 Its design is to furnish work, chiefly sewing, at fair prices, to the industrioua 
 poor, finding a market for the various articles manufactured, through its store 
 on Pearl street, and in other ways. It is moreover a very convenient institu- 
 tion for families who wish to put out plain sewing, and especially for the lone 
 bachelor, who may wish half a dozen shirts made up, or any other little jobs 
 of sewing done, — saving him all the trouble of hunting up some one to do 
 his work, and then watching to see that it is done right. 
 
 The Worcester Lyceum and Library Association has been in existence in its 
 

 — ^^-^^^y^^l 
 
 ( 89 ) 
 
 J. F. SOlTBilTI 
 
 STEEL J^ISTID COiPFER. I>X.A.TE 
 
 197 Main Street, Worcester. 
 
 3 
 
 Pup, Charts, gip(omas, f il!-ljeabs, ^mh, €\tth Strfts, 
 
 5Blank iJntrS; Itnrk Cjrtiiitatfs, ^nntifflttttitrs' ml Druggists' XMb, ^Ims 
 
 nf l^nilMngS; 5ilnr!]inprt[, ^t., 
 
 ENGRAVED ON COPPER OR STEEL IN THE MOST FINISHED MANNER. 
 
 FASHIONABLY ENGKAVED AND PRINTED. 
 
 iBIMl illtt ill ilOPli IIB iiKl Mill 
 
 OF THE LATEST STYLES, FOR SALE. 
 
 GENTLEMEN'S ADDRESS CARDS AND FAC SIMILE AUTOGRAPHS, Engraved to Order. 
 
 
 DENTISTS', SURGEONS & PHYSICIANS' PLATES 
 
 FURNISHED AND ENGRAVED— ALSO, 
 
 COFFIN PLATES, CARRIAGE AND TRUNK 
 
 PLATES, DOOR NUMBERS & STENCILS 
 
 FOR MARKING CLOTHES. 
 
 Orders solicited by mail or express, which will be as promptly and fliithfuUy executed as though 
 given in person. Address 
 
 J. F. SOXJTHa^TE, 
 
 ^-— v^-p^^i 
 
( 90 ) 
 
 present united form over a year. It furnishes to its members, at a low rate, 
 the use of a valuable library of some 4000 volumes through the year, a well 
 furnished reading room, and a course of lectures in the winter. 
 
 The Association has a Rhetorical department. " Its objects are the mental 
 and moral improvement of its members, by means of Essays, Debates, and 
 Rhetorical exercises. Also a Natural History Department, composed of such 
 members as choose to unite for the purpose of studying Natural History. 
 This department has a valuable collection of specimens, and its meetings have 
 been attended with great interest. 
 
 WALKS, RIDES AND DRIVES. 
 
 A stranger in Worcester, who lias but a short time in which to take a view 
 of the town, may choose one of three or four eminences which will give him 
 a bird's-eye view of its position and arrangement, and of most of its public 
 buildings, in a short walk. 
 
 A walk through Chestnut Street gives such a view, including every im- 
 portant public building in the city. 
 
 Union Hill, which may be ascended by Providence street or Vernon street, 
 gives a view, probably, of most buildings in the village. A large lithograph, 
 poorly drawn, from this point, was published some years ago. Here is the site 
 of the Female College ; (see page 31.) Wachusett may be seen in the distance. 
 
 Mt. Vernon Square, east of Lincoln street, gives the most picturesque view 
 of the town. 
 
 Should the stranger be desirous of obtaining a wider prospect, at the same 
 time with a bird's eye view of the city, he will find pleasant occupation in an 
 afternoon stroll over Chandler Hill. This hill, so called from the family of 
 that name, highly distinguished in our ante-revolutionary annals, lies to the 
 northeast of the centre of the city. Starting from the City Hall, he should 
 take Main street to Thomas, pass through Thomas to Prospect, and from the 
 upper extremity of the latter he will see the summit of the hill rising above 
 him, to be attained without difficulty. There he will see the greater part ot 
 the city stretched out before him, the northern, western, and south-eastern por- 
 tions, however, being hidden by the hills. The large building, so conspicuous 
 beneath him, is the Hospital, [sec page oG,] and this is the only point from 
 which an adequate idea can be obtained of its immense size. On the eastern 
 
(91) 
 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 !^ 
 
 CO 
 
 oo 
 
 F. YOXJTsTG^, 
 
 Keeps constantly on hand an extensive stock of 
 
 Jfaiicg %^^% Cogs autr Useful %x'k\i%, 
 
 66 
 
 ■which he offers to the public on reasonable terms at his 
 
 
 
 
 WALDO BLOCK, - - North of the Bay State House. 
 
 UMBllELLAS and PARASOLS of all sorts and sizes, varying in price from 50 cents tt» $8,00. — 
 As we keep all sorts of Materials and Trimmings for Umbrellas and Parasols, our facilities are not 
 surpassed for repairing, altering and covering, which receives special attention. 
 
 CANES and other nice articles repaired with great care. 
 
 Crimping and Marking for Embroidery. 
 
 Eyelets Set, &c. 
 
 Pinking done, 
 
 ROCKING HORSES, GAMES, 
 
 And thousands of other articles for the amusement and instruction of children. — Also, 
 And all the Trimmings for Cages, with every article wanted by Bird Keo|»ers. 
 
 Baskets, Willow IVare, Children's Carriag^es, Cabs, 
 
 Boys' Sleds, &o. Fine Feather Dusters, all kinds of Brushes, all sorts of Combs, and thou- 
 sands of articles too numerous to mention. 
 Fairs and Charitable Societies supplied with any quantity of FANCY ARTICLES at 
 wholesale prices, with the privilege of returning all unsold. Observe the sign of 
 
 WALDO BLOCK, - - ■ NEAR BAY STATE HOUSE. 
 
 Agent for D. Arthur's Patent Cans and Jars for Preserving Fruits and Vegetables. 
 
 |§^N?-i-Hr— ^ 
 
 — 4<^-f<i^| 
 
'^■VH^<^^ 
 
 ( 92 ) ^ 
 
 v» 
 
 side bo will see, immediately below bim, Bell Pond, tbe natural reservoir, 
 wbose water lias bocii introduced into tbe city, [see page 82,] — and in tbe east 
 be will see tbe ridoe beyond Quinsigamond Pond, witb Sbrewsbury crowning 
 its summit to tbe nortbeast, and Grafton dotting its sides to tbe soutbeast. 
 To tbe nortb rises Millstone Hill, between wbicb and Cbandler Hill is Belmont 
 street, tbe old Boston turnpike, by wbicb we may return to tbe city. 
 
 Tbe summit of Cbandler Hill is 748.37 feet above tide water. Tbe level 
 of tbe Boston llailroad at its terminus in tbis city, is 470.38 feet above tbe tide 
 
 at Boston. 
 
 Mount Pakachoag, called Mount St. James by tbe Jesuit gentlemen wbo 
 now own a site upon it, commands anotber fine view. Tbe spot is interesting, 
 as affording a visit to tbe only Catbolic college in New England, see [page 46j 
 and as tbe site of tbe first settlement in tbe town. Tbis was the settlement 
 of " praying Indians," converts of tbe devoted Jobn Eliot. These were Nip- 
 mucks. 
 
 Pakacboao- Hill is worth farther examination than a simple visit to the 
 colleo-e. And those persons wishing to see as much as possible in a short time, 
 cannot do better than to take the drive to Pakachoag. Tbis name is given not 
 only to the bill, but to a small but very beautiful pond about two and a half 
 miles from Worcester. The stranger will take the road leading to the College 
 of tbe Holy Cross ; leaving this on bis left hand, passing along Southbridge 
 street, at the foot of the hill. At the distance of little more than a mile, we 
 leave tbis road, which is the Auburn road, and take tbe first left band road 
 after Colleo-e street, not so much travelled. A drive of half a mile brings 
 us to tbe top of a steep hill, where a beautiful view of a Pakachoag pond and 
 tbe surrounding country presents itself. This drive is a short and pleasant 
 one, and by continuing farther on a few rods, taking a left band road, those 
 fond of exercise will find their wants satisfied, on their way home, — passing 
 through Upland street. An easier return is by College street. 
 
 The Hermitage. One of the most beautiful and retired spots around Wor- 
 cester is ♦' the Hermitage," a tiny pond lying among tbe woods at the foot of 
 tbe west side of Millstone Hill. To one who loves quiet beauty without gran- 
 deur or extent of scenery, we could recommend it above all other places as a 
 delightful walk. Should be accept our recommendation, be will take Lincoln 
 street, and following it about half a mile he will reach a slight rock cut on 
 the edge of a grove, and as soon as be has passed through tbis cut be will see 
 an opening on the upper or right band side of tbe road. Passing through this. 
 
JOHNSON & CO., 
 
 MANUFACTUEEKS OF 
 
 Spiiniiiig Piujjincrij far SSI0OL 
 
 Dur patterns bi!ing entirely new anri containing many important im- 
 provements, we are confident that we cxn give satisfaction. 
 
 Bobbins, Spools, &c., Furnished. 
 
 REPAIRING DONE AT SHORT NOTICE. 
 
 Shop at Merrslield's Ntcaiii Mills, 
 
 Union Street, 
 
 "WOitOESTER, MASS. 
 
 BUIHiER OF 
 
 Rodney A. M. Johnson. 
 Daniel Tainter. 
 
 SEooIcu Curbing Sliujjiius, 
 
 Pickers, Willowers, Dusters, &c. 
 
 He will also furnish JACKS. LOOMS. SIIE.XES, CARD 
 
 CLOTHING, BURRING MACHINES. 
 
 His riitterns are of the most Ajproveci Styles, 
 
 Done iu the must thorough and workmanlike manner at short notice. 
 
 Shop at Me»tifieJd's Stcasst IVliISs, 
 
 Union Street, - - Worcester, Mass. 
 
 Reuben S. Denny, Clapprille, Mass. 
 \Vm. B. Fox it Son, Worcester, Mass. 
 Edward Harris, Woonsockct, R. I. 
 Waterhiiry Knilung Co., Waterhury, Ct. 
 Ha milt' in Woolen Co.. Southbridge, Mass. 
 Leeds Manufacturing Co., Rockville, Ct. 
 Elm St. Manuf. Co . Provideme, R. I. 
 Alexander Grant, Pictou, Nova Sc ala. 
 Jacob T. Seagrave it Co., Providence, R. I. 
 Selma Manuf. Co., Solma, Alabama. 
 
 Salisbury Manuf. Co.. Amesbury, Mass. 
 
 Charles Watson, New York. 
 
 Union Manuf. Co., Norwalk, Ct. 
 
 George Schley, Augusta, Oa. 
 
 Mississippi Manuf. Co., Banksiown, Choctaw 
 
 County, Miss. 
 Babcoclc it Muss, Westerly, R. I. 
 Plainer •'. Smith, Lee, Mass. 
 Booth Ei'ttomly, Leicester, Mass. 
 Valley Worsted Co., Providence, E. L 
 
 George Wall, Philadelphia. Penn. 
 B. W. Gleason \- Co., l!ork Bottom, Mass. 
 E. Kellogg <t Co., Pine Meadow, Conn. 
 Columbus Woolen Co. Columbus, 0. 
 Ingalls i): Tyler, North .\dams. Mass. 
 Olrltiam, Hemingway it Scott, Lexington, Ky. 
 Pacific Manuf. Co., Mnnrhester, Cunn. 
 Potwin it Curtis, ?.lt. Vionon. Ohio. 
 Strere ct Carnoe, LTxl>ri(Ige. Mass. 
 Josiah Seagrave, jr., Providence, R. I. 
 
" ( 94 ) '*" 
 
 he will outer a road in the grove of oaks. Having mounted to the brow of the 
 hill by a slight divergence from his road towards the right to the edge of the 
 wood, he will obtain a fine view of the city, except its extreme southeastern 
 and western portions ; and from no other point does the stranger so well re- 
 alize how it is nestled down among the hills. The College of the Holy Cross 
 rises in relief on the surface of Pakachoag to the south, and on the southeast 
 Chandler hill cuts otf his view. To the southwest is seen the Oread Institute, 
 with its towers and battlements. Mount Vernon Square, spoken of above, is 
 just below him. 
 
 Eesuniing his road and following it to the east, keeping to the left at the 
 first fork, and the right at the second, after a pleasant walk through the woodS) 
 he will suddenly see beneath him through trees " the hermitage ;" and de-' 
 scending to its level, and looking up the little sheet of water from its lower 
 end, he cannot but be charmed by its beauty. The Hermit has never been 
 seen by visitors in the memory of the oldest inhabitant. He always retires 
 on the slightest sound of approaching footsteps. From this spot our pedestrian 
 may return : following the brook down to where it is crossed by Catherine 
 street, and turning to the right, crossing the hill, he will find himself on Lincoln 
 street again. 
 
 Still another fine view of the town and surrounding scenery from another 
 point of view, easily visited in walking, is to be had from the hill to the west 
 of the Court house. It may be reached by Higliland street, Salisbury street, 
 or the Jo Bill road. The last is the most retired and pleasantest route. Tak- 
 iug this al its junction with Salisbury street, whoever follows it about three 
 quarters of a mile over three smaller hills, will find himself at the termina- 
 tion of the lane. This lane possesses great interest to the lover of local his- 
 tory, it being part of the old County road, and on the side hill, near its west- 
 ern end, are still to be seen relics of the earliest settlers of Worcester. On 
 the left side as we descend, immediately adjacent to the fence, are two old 
 cellars noW filled with a growth of trees and brush, and across the road, in the 
 hollow, are the springs from which these pioneers drank, and an old apple-tree, 
 the sole living memorial of their labors. From the end of the lane, the sum- 
 mit of the hill is in plain sight ahead, and a little to the right, to be reached 
 by crossing the fields and woods on its sides, as no regular road leads to its 
 highest point. Tiiis once reached, a fine prospect opens to repay one for 
 climbing the hill. The northern and western parts of the city are seen to 
 the east, and the spires from the centre rise from behind the hill. The 
 
 — ■ '^^-P'i^l 
 
CITY LUMBER YARD. 
 
 DEALERS IN' 
 
 ALL KINDS OF BUILDING AND FINISHING 
 LIME, PLASTER & CEISIENT 
 
 OF SXJI^ERIOIi GiTJ.A.ILTT'IES. 
 
 Having followed the business for the last ten years, and being acquainted with manufacturers 
 in every part of the country, we are prepared, at all times, to furnish FRAMES for any 
 class of Buildings, to order, at short notice ; with Finishing Lumber, throughiut, — such as 
 
 iHINGllS, CMPB01H,D§ & MTIS, 
 
 PINE & HEMLOCK ENCLOSING BOARDS, Planed & Matched, 
 Floor Boards of every description, all worked, 
 
 DISVIE^9SI03M FiS^iSHilMC L U gV8 B E R 
 
 of all kinds, and of the best quality, 
 
 WITH 
 
 ^0u%ra favir '^iiic Jfbr ^narb ^ ^lank. 
 
 ALSO, 
 
 Cherry, Black-walnut & White-wood, 
 
 And, in short, every kind of Lumber required for 
 Building Purposes. 
 
 Carpenters, Builders and IVIachiLists will always find a full assortment of all kinds of Lumber con^ 
 
 stantly on hand and for sale at fair prices ; and persons from Neighboring 
 
 Towns can do better with us than in Boston. 
 
 ia 
 *>-> 
 (-«;» 
 
 Will be attended to by LEWIS SMITH, who will deliver anything in that line, to all parts of the 
 
 City, at short notice. 
 
 N. B. — All orders by mail or otherwise, will be promptly attended to, and all persons wanting 
 anything in our line will do well to call and examine our stock befoi-e purchasing elsewhere. 
 
 Washington Square, opposite the B. & W. R. R. Freight Depot, 
 
(96) 
 
 sheet of water to the north is North Pond, that immediately helow is Salisbury's 
 Pond, and away to the northwest Wachusott rises in the distance, and perhaps 
 on a clear day Monadnock too may be seen farther to the north. 
 
 Our correspondents have suggested to us, among pleasant routes which may 
 perhaps be too fatiguing for most pedestrians, and too little travelled for easy 
 driving through, two or three horseback rides through sequestered lanes. Such 
 are 
 
 To Millstone Hill. For a short horseback ride, we could recommend that 
 over Millstone hill, as by far the finest any where to be had round Worcester. 
 The road is rather difficult to follow, but its beauties will amply repay any 
 trouble in finding it. We take Belmont street from Lincoln square, and 
 mounting the hill, pass by Bell Pond. Just opposite its eastern extremity, a 
 road branches off on the left hand. This we follow. It is merely a rough 
 cart road leading to the quarries, which presently we arrive at ; — where either 
 by inquiry or by due investigation we find a path leading around their upper 
 edge, between them and the woods. From this there is a very fine prospect, 
 beautifully varied by the contrast of the nearer and more distant portions of 
 the landscape. The water to the northwest is North Pond, and still fartlier 
 on, Wachusett and Monadnock mountains are plainly to be seen. Just behind 
 the main quarry, the road turns a right angle, and strikes to the east for a 
 short distance. This we shall follow, keeping to the main road, which, however, 
 even at that, is a mere cart path through the woods. Having turned corners 
 witliout number, at the next fork take the right, and after this the way is 
 plair; enough by keeping to the main track ; and at about a mile from the 
 quarry we shall come out upon a clearing partly overgrown with brush wood, 
 lying on the right hand. From this place is the most lovely view to be had 
 anywhere around Worcester, or we should not lead the traveller through such 
 a tortuous path to find it. Below him lies Quinsigamond Pond, over which 
 the eye sweeps for a distance of several miles. The floating bridge is in plain 
 sight. At the lower extremity the narrow valley widens and the lake is here 
 dotted with wooded islets. Beyond the pond rises a ridge of hills whose north- 
 ern extremity is capped by Shrewsbury village, whose spires rise in relief against 
 the sky. Farther to the south, by the floating bridge, the turnpike mounts ) 
 
 the hills, and there is the solitary spire of South Shrewsbury. Still farther X 
 to the southeast on the western slope of the ridge, are Grafton and Hopkinton. X. 
 
 The lower end of the pond is surrounded by a range of hills forming a vast "^ 
 
i^^^^i-^ — 
 
 J. r. Liiii^ 
 
 NO. 73 ISdlA^IlSr STREET, WORCESTER, 
 
 Dealer in all kinds of 
 
 -^ Sanderson's and Naylor's CAST STEEL, German, Coach Spring, Corking, 
 Swedes', Sleigh-shoe and Machinery Steel, Horse Nails, Axes, Crow Bars, 
 Lead, Zinc, Brass and Copper Kettles, Enameled and Tin Ware, &c. 
 J. F. LOIUNG is also Agent for Chilson's AIR WARMING and 
 
 Which he will warrant to surpass, in heating properties, any thing 
 
 of the kind. Also, Hedenberg's Portable, which can easily be taken 
 
 down if it is required to move them, and which cost but little more than the 
 
 setting of many brick fixtures. J. F. L. is also Agent for 
 
 Emerson's Ventilators, for correcting smoky chimneys, for the County of Worcester. 
 
 STORES, STO^^ES, 
 
 Wholesale and Retail. Barstow's BAY STATE, for Wood or Coal, unsurpassed ; also many other 
 New Patterns of rare excellence, for Wood and Coal. 
 
 Tin, Sheet-Iron and Copper l¥ork, Furnace Work, 
 
 FACTORY WORK, and 
 
 'Til" r* O O "P 1 1- G- , 
 
 J. p. Loring. Done by the best workmen, in the most thorough manner, 73 Main-St. 
 
 (f$^-?>^-?-«r— ' 
 
 4nHU WHEEtOOK. 
 
 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL 
 
 TRUNK, YALISE and CARPET BAG 
 
 No. 245 MAIN STREET, - - WORCESTER. 
 
 Solfe feather, 
 
 Common, and Liadies' 
 
 VALISES 
 
 CONSTANTLY 
 
 I i^^^* l^fMng, 
 
 Bonnet and Dress Trunksi 
 
 AND BAGS, 
 
 ON HAND. 
 
 KEYS FITTED, and REPAIRING DONE at SHORT NOTICE. 
 
 i§^N?-*-?-5r^- 
 
 13 
 
 ^--Vi-^<^J 
 
-'^"^ ( 98 ) 
 
 ampitlieatrc. The latter part of the afternoon is the plcasantest time for this 
 trip. And now, having shown the way to the loveliest view in Worcester, we 
 leave the traveller to return hy the way he came, or, should he prefer variety, 
 to pick his way through woods and pastures to the poor house, on Lincoln 
 street, (see p. 54,) thence hy Plantation, Belmont, and Pine streets home. 
 
 Another pleasant horse-hack ride of an hour or two, is to he had by the 
 followino- route. Take Lincoln street to Green's lane, then follow the lane up 
 over the hill. After passing through the woods, the road runs along on the 
 edge of the hill, giving a fine view of the hills to the northeast of Worcester, 
 above all of which Asnybumskit rises pre-eminent almost due west. Follow- 
 ing the lane which again turns to the right, the horseman will come in sight 
 of Millstone Hill and the quarries, from which he is separated by the valley 
 of Bear brook. Still keeping to the road down the hill till it turns again to 
 the left, he will cross the brook. If on foot, one way follows the stream down 
 to the Hermitage, of which we have already spoken, and which is but a few 
 rods distant, or, following a path which is easily to be seen opening out of the 
 woods, he will ascend Millstone Hill to the neighborhood of the quarry. Here 
 at the first fork the right will lead him down the hill again into Belmont 
 street, or the left will lead in a very short distance to the regular quarry road, 
 in sight of the quarry. Here again the right will bring him into Belmont 
 street, near Bell Pond — but when so near, he should by all means take a survey 
 of the quarries, and mounting to their upper edge, will have the fine view 
 from that spot of which we have already spoken. Should he so do, he can 
 easily retrace his steps, and return by the route already mentioned. 
 
 " The Boulevards." It is not impossible, in a single excursion, to combine 
 several of the different hill-top views of the village and the scenery behind it, 
 which we have thus described. The suggestion was repeatedly made a few 
 years since, that a fine public avenue might be laid out on the sides of the 
 hills around the town, which should, at once, open beautiful situations for 
 buildings, give regularity to the plan of the exterior of the city, and make a 
 public promenade or mall, of continually increasing beauty. It is not, perhaps, 
 too late even now for such a plan to be adopted. 
 
 Many of the cities of Europe are surrounded tlius, by fine ranges of trees, 
 shading a beautiful walk or drive. These are, in most instances, the relics of 
 old fortifications which encircled those towns. In Paris, the celebrated Boule- 
 
 i^^i^i^i-^ 
 
( 99 ) 
 
 J^. FUENTISS, 
 
 Designer & 
 
 141 Main Street, 
 
 (Over Quinsigamond 
 
 Enffraver 
 
 Worcester, Mass., 
 
 Bank.) 
 
 BOOK PLATES, VIEWS, CARDS, MAPS, MACHINERY 
 
 Portraits, and every description of Illustrations, 
 
 Original or Copies, Drawn and Engraved in the best Style, and at fair prices. 
 
 Portraits, Vieirs, &c., done in Lithograph. 
 
 AU kinds of MACHINE, ARCHITECTURAL and ORNAMEN- 
 TAL PATTERNS, made to order. 
 
 f atcitt Office m)i ii^liMtion '^akh 
 
 MADE IN THE BEST STYLE. 
 
 Merrifleld'8 Building^ - Cypress Street , 
 
 WORCESTER, MASS. 
 
 — ^^^-Pi^l 
 
'^ ( 100 ) ^' 
 
 vards mark the line of one of the old walk of the city, though long since 
 hominecl in by its progress. 
 
 It is, indeed, to be regretted, if, because Worcester needs now no " training 
 field," and never needed any fortifications, she should have so meagre public 
 grounds or walks. And, perhaps, as a large central park is now impossible, 
 a fine mall surrounding the town, open to a liberal width, and shaded with 
 trees, with the buildings on its inner side, so arranged that the views should 
 not be interrupted, — may yet be accepted as an agreeable substitute. 
 
 Such a mall or avenue would be nearly oval,— surrounding the whole of the 
 thickly settled parts of the town, and looking down on them from the sides 
 of the hills, — the two foci of its ellipse being Lincoln square and the junction 
 of the Main street with Southbridge street. 
 
 An adventurous footman, who will take a walk of four or five miles, may 
 follow nearly the course marked out for it, if he will obey the following directions. 
 
 Start from the Hospital Grove northward. Follow Wilmot and East streets 
 to Belmont. Here you have the Chandler Hill view described above. Cross 
 to Catherine street and Ml. Vernon square into Lincoln street. Follow Lin- 
 coln street till you have turned the hill top, when a fine northern view opens 
 to you. Without a road, cross westward to the new streets on Fairmount, north 
 of the Cemetry. Quigley road will then bring you to the immediate neigh- 
 borhood of the Jo Bill road view described above. After enjoying it, cross the 
 valley and Highland street, in a southerly direction, and keep high enough on 
 Newton's Hill to take its fine eastern prospect. Descending it on its southern 
 side, you may cross Pleasant street to King street, which will lead you upon 
 Goat Hill, now inhabited by Oreads.'-' [See page 26.J Here is another fine 
 series of views. Cross, then, the Main street, and by Hammond street pass 
 to Southbridge street. You have, on the way, a fine southern prospect. From 
 Southbridge street the map will direct you to the western side of Union Hill, 
 [see page 90,] and thence crossing Grafton street to the Bloomingdale road, 
 you have the last point of view. Pine meadow now only separates you from 
 your starting point. 
 
 A slight study of the map will show how nearly this route may be followed 
 by existing roads. The line we have pointed out should be attempted by a 
 good walker, after the crops are all in, in the fall, or before they are planted 
 in the spring. 
 
 " Ilinc atquc hinc glomerantur Oreades. 
 
 
( 101 ) 
 
 PATENT STANii 
 
 FOR SHIFTING AND FASTENING 
 
 RAILROAD SWITCHES, 
 
 Have received the highest premiums in the gift of 
 the Worcester Couuty Mechanics Association, also, 
 one from the American Institute, New York. 
 
 They are now made of Wrought instead 
 of Cast Iron, and are decidedly the best 
 thing in use. 
 
 The Prices are $12 single, 
 $140 the Doaen, 
 or 6 per cent, discount (from the price 
 single,) for fifty or more. 
 
 We have also a substantial pedestal 
 stand for the same price, (represented 
 in the left hand cut,) designed for places 
 where there is not room to operate the 
 other, actuated by either hand-wheel or 
 crank, whichever preferred. 
 
 Persons who design ordering Stands, 
 are reminded that we usually keep none 
 on hand, except for a throw of five inches, 
 this being the usual range of the switch 
 rails ; but any other throw will be sup- 
 plied when desired. Such orders should 
 be sent early. 
 
 F. G. liVOODTVARD. 
 N. B. Agents of old roads, 
 when making a new, or alter- 
 ing an old turnout, will find 
 it an advantage to send for one 
 of these Stands. They are set 
 for use with much greater 
 facility than 
 the other 
 kinds, and 
 are much 
 more compact 
 and portable. 
 
 L. HARDY & CO., 
 
 MANUFACTDRERS OF ALL KINDS OF 
 
 SHEAR BliABEf^ A IV D STRIPS, 
 
 FOR MANXJFACTURERS' USE, 
 
 Eaj Sutter aad Fkimg Mae&ime &ms, 
 Machine Cutters, and Cutter Plate generally. Also, Welding 
 
 and Rolling to Order. 
 
 ^y, leviHardt, istdb-w -i^Gx^eaesTaeH., ]»xass, l.&a. g.coes. ^^ 
 
(102) 
 
 We proceed to indicate longer rides, all of which are practicable to carriages* 
 as our " horseback rides " are not. 
 
 Leicester, Mulberry Grove and Tatnick. Follow Main street to New 
 Worcester. Keep on Leicester street, four miles beyond New Worcester ; you 
 are constantly ascending, and a fine series of views opens from the road on 
 your left and behind you. You pass Cherry Valley, a manufacturing village, 
 mostly devoted to woolen manufactures. About six miles from Worcester you 
 are at the foot of Leicester Hill. The village, with its academy, the most 
 noted and oldest literary institution in the county, is before you at the top of 
 the steep ascent. So considerable is the ascent from Worcester to Leicester, 
 that an old proverb says it is seven miles from Worcester to Leicester, but only 
 six miles back again. 
 
 Unless you have time to visit the thriving village of Leicester, take your 
 right at the foot of the hill, and a pretty sequestered road will lead through 
 Mulberry Grove, the seat formerly of a Quaker School of some celebrity, and 
 of a pretty Friends' Meeting House. Coming on higher land, you open on a 
 fine series of distant views, — and still turning to the right, obedient to faithful 
 guide-boards, you strike Bailey street, the old road between Leicester and Wor- 
 cester. This will lead you by Pleasant street through Tatnick or Tataesset 
 home. 
 
 Tatnick was the seat of some Lidian settlements, and retains its name. 
 
 By a shorter road than the above, — take at Clierry Valley, a road at right 
 angles on your right. It is Fowler street, and gives a fine series of views as 
 it crosses the high hills of the west of the town. 
 
 This cluster of hills, of whose highest point, Asnybumskit, further notice 
 is given on another page, gives to Worcester topographically, its boast of being 
 the heart of the Commonwealth. From the sides of these hills, in your im- 
 mediate vicinity on this ride, waters flow into the Connecticut, the French 
 Eiver, the Blackstone and the Merrimack ; — the four principal rivers of Mas- 
 sachusetts. 
 
 To explore the South and East parts of the town, you may drive round the 
 greater part of Quinsigamond Pond, This is the largest sheet of water in 
 the old " Bay Colony." It is considered to be seven miles in length, and is 
 established therefore as the " Seven Mile Mirror " of the town. It makes the 
 eastern boundary of the township. 
 
 For this purpose, follow Grafton street to Harrington street. Turn into 
 
 •^^-^-^^^ 
 
8§^>4'^K^^ 
 
 
 WG^li^KW^ ' 
 
 NOURSE, MASON & CO., 
 
 Manufacturers and Dealers in all kinds of 
 
 |igricH(tural Implements aii^ pacljiiies, 
 
 Such as HORSE POWERS and THRESHERS, FANNING 
 
 MILLS, KETCHUM'S MOWERS, Horse and Hand 
 
 Rakes, Superior 
 
 Of all kinds and sizes, Horse Hoes, Seed Sowers, Corn Planters, 
 
 Portable Grinding Mills, 
 
 HAY, STALK and STIIAIV CUTTERS, 
 
 Store Trucks, Shovels, Spades, Forks, Hoes, Scythes, &c. 
 
 Maniifactory,"Worcester. 
 
 WAREHOUSE, 
 Qiiincy Ilall, Host on, iTIass. 
 
 Ketchum's Mower and Reaper 
 
 Ketchum's Mowing Machine. 
 
( 104 ) t 
 
 Harrington street, where you will pass the pretty cottage of Hon. Isaac Davis. ^ 
 This street brings you into Slirewsbury. Keep every left hand turning. ^ 
 
 About five miles from Grafton street, you come upon the old Boston turnpike. ( 
 
 Turn to the left upon this, and you will rapidly descend to the pond, which 
 you cross on the floating bridge. This brings you to Belmont street, and you 
 may enter the village at your pleasure. 
 
 Prospect Hill, Oxford. A fine point of view is gained, worthy the pretty 
 ride it requires, by following Southbridge street by Auburn (formerly Ward) 
 to Prospect Hill, in Oxford, eight miles on the direct road from Worcester. 
 You must leave your carriage to ascend the hill on your right. It is in parts 
 quite precipitous, in fact. It commands an unequalled view of the country 
 northward, and of the city of Worcester, nestled in its valley, — which is most 
 open in this direction. 
 
 Auburn is not 
 
 " The loveliest village of the plain," 
 
 but a pretty village on a hill. It was formerly called Ward, in honor of Gen- 
 eral Ward, the first commander of the Continental Army. General Ward's 
 claims to command were waived by the men of New England in Congress, in 
 favor of George Washington's. It is no dishonor to any man to be ranked 
 second to Washington ; and Gen. Ward was named first in the list of officers 
 under his command. 
 
 It is to be regretted that his name is lost from a town in the immediate 
 neighborhood of his birthplace, which was Shrewsbury. The change was made, 
 however, from no want of respect to him, it is said ; but because letters meant 
 for Ward were sometimes sent to the more flourishing town of Ware. 
 
 Another route, specially to be followed when the great laurel, kalmia latifolia, 
 is in bloom, follows along Granite street by the South Ledge Quarries, to Mill- 
 bury street, and by that street home. These quarries, of a white felspaltric 
 granite, frequently used in building here, are surrounded by wild woodland. 
 
 On the public roads, easily travelled, and easily found, the stranger will find 
 an endless variety of fine prospects, or woodland scenery. 
 
 Some of the best views in the north of Worcester are gained by passing 
 around Nobth Pond, through Ararat street. 
 
 Ride to Shrewsbury. One of the pleasantest and most varied rides in 
 Worcester is the ride to Shrewsbury and back, going by way of Oak Hill and 
 
 V* 
 
 «1 
 
(105) 
 
 E. G. PARTRIDGE & CO., 
 
 150 Main Street, opposite Post Office, Up Stairs, 
 
 Wholesale and Betail Dealers in 
 
 CHAMBER SETS, 
 
 LOOKISTG GLASSES, FEATHERS, 
 
 MATTRESSES, 
 
 CURTAIN SHADES AND FIXTURES, 
 
 BOOT'S I^-A-TEISTT ;^ 
 
 8f ntl^O iUt BOTTOM^ <&e*^ 
 
 Of which a large and splendid assortment are constantly 
 
 on hand. 
 
 The Subscribers having a NEW and well selected Stock of the 
 
 LATEST PATTERNS, 
 
 And purchased direct of Manufacturers, and at the lowest cash prices? 
 
 flatter ourselves that the Prices on the above goods, are not 
 
 surpassed by any in New England, and feel confident in our 
 
 ability to suit the most difficult, in style, quality and -^ 
 
 price, and should be pleased to offer to any \ 
 
 who may favor us with a call. \ 
 
 ALL OUDERS AND REPAIRS PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO. 
 
 ]¥o. 1*10 Main St., opposite Post OfGce, Upstairs. 
 E. G. Partridge. Wji. Knapp. E. W. Vaill. 
 
 £>2 
 
( 106 ) 
 
 floating bridge, and returning by the old Boston road ; in all about eleven 
 miles. Starting from the City Hall, we pass through Front street, turning to 
 the right in Washington street, through Grafton street, to the entrance of the 
 Bloomingdale road. Here we ascend Oak Hill, and, passing along this road, 
 obtain a fair view of the southern portion of the city and the surrounding 
 hills. Thence turning to tiie left by Plantation street, we cross the railroad 
 on a lofty stone arch; and from this point are distinctly seen Shrewsbury, to 
 the northeast, and Grafton, to the southeast, on the ridge, east of the valley 
 of the pond. Turning to the right soon after, we follow Belmont street to 
 the bridge, and here a scene awaits us which we cannot but stop and admire. 
 The pond stretches for miles on either side of us, like a great river, its steep 
 banks thickly wooded throughout almost their whole extent. Crossing the 
 pond, we take the second left, where the guideboard awaits us to point out the 
 road to Shrewsbury, and mounting the long hill, charmed at almost every step 
 by some new feature in tlie wide prospect, we reach the town. Here, taking 
 the left by direction of guideboard, we commence our return. On the brow of 
 the hill just out of the village is one of the finest views to be had in the vicin- 
 ity of Worcester. A broad valley, stretching away to the north, suddenly 
 bursts upon us, closed, apparently, at its upper extremity, by Wachusett. On 
 a clear day, Monadnock may be seen to the east of Wachusett, like a dim yet 
 sharply defined cloud, easily to be distinguished by its length and its precip- 
 itous descent on the west. Other mountains of New Hampshire are sometimes 
 plainly seen from this spot. Descending the hill and keeping to the main 
 road, we again cross tlie pond, this time near its upper extremity. Continuing 
 our course we enter the city by Lincoln street, and from the brow of the hill, 
 just before we enter it, it shows to better advantage than from any of the 
 other great avenues leading to it. 
 
 A SHORT DRIVE, interesting to the mineralogist, is the Four Mile Square, 
 so called. Pass through Lincoln stroet, to Burncoat street, to Millbrook street, 
 to West Boylston street, to Grove street, which will bring you home, — the dis- 
 tance being about four miles. Grove street passes the entrance to the Rural 
 Cemetery. 
 
 On your way you may explore tlie " Old Silver Mine," so called, because 
 wrought for silver by the mistaken enterprise of a century ago. [ 
 
 In 1754, a vein of metal which was supposed to be silver, was discovered 
 near the head of the valley, about a mile north of the town. A company for 
 exploring the spot was formed by some of the most substantial inhabitants. 
 
 ^^^.,^^,^^ 
 
(107) 
 
 E. & G. P. IIAWKES, 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OP 
 
 PINE ilD CHESTNIT 
 
 — -^i-f^i^l 
 
 » 
 
 CONSISTING IN PART OF 
 
 Three, Four, and Six Draw'd Cottage Bureaus, 
 
 Cottage Chamber Sinks, Towel End Stands, 
 
 Pine and Chestnut 3, 3i and 4 ft. Kitchen Tables, 
 
 Work Tables, Light Stands, &c. Sec. 
 
 TEMPLETON, MASS. 
 
 [^g** Having the benefit of one of the best water privileges in 
 Worcester North, we are now prepared to fill orders for the above 
 articles, at short notice, and at as low prices, as can be obtained else- 
 where. 
 
 1^^^ Orders respectfully solicited. 
 
 E. & G. P. HAWKES. 
 
( 108 ) 
 
 Furnaces and smelting houses were erected, and a cunning German employed as 
 superintendent. Under his direction, a shaft was sunk 80 feet perpendicuhirly, 
 and a horizontal gallery extended about as far through the rock, which was 
 to be intersected by another shaft, commenced about six rods north of the first 
 opening. Among the masses, which within a few years laid around the scene 
 of operation, were specimens of the ores, containing a minute portion of silver, 
 specks of copper and h-ad, much iron, and an extraordinary quantity of arsenic. 
 When struck af>'ainst steel, a profusion of vivid sparks are thrown out, and the 
 strono- and peculiarly disagreeable odor of the latter mineral emitted. On 
 the application of heat, this pei-iume increases to an overpowering extent. 
 The company expended great sums in blasting the rock, raising its fragments, 
 and erecting buildings and machinery. While the pile of stones increased, 
 the money of the partners diminished. The furnaces in full blast, produced 
 nothino- but suffocating vapors, curling over the flames in those beautiful cor- 
 onets of smoke Avhich still attend the attempt to melt the ore. The shrewd 
 foreio-ner, in whose promises the associates seem to have placed that confidence 
 which honest men often repose on the declaration of knaves, became satisfied 
 that the crisis was approaching when it would be ascertained that the funds 
 were exhausted, and that stone and iron could not be transmuted to gold. 
 Some papers which exist, indicate, that he pretended to knowledge in the occult 
 sciences as well as skill in the art of deception. However this may be, he 
 assured the company, that the great enemy of man had been busy in defeating 
 their exertions, making his presence redolent in the perfumes of sulphui: and 
 arsenic. He obtained the sum of j^ 100 and made a journey to Philadelphia, 
 to consult with a person experienced in mines and their daimous, for the pur- 
 pose of exorcising the unsarory spirit of the crucible. He departed with a 
 barrel full of the productions of the mine, but never returned to state the 
 results of his conference. The proprietors abandoned the work, when they 
 were waked by the reality of the loss from the dream of fortune, and after- 
 wards destroyed the records of their credulity. 
 
 The spot is easily found. Follow the Nashua Kailroad north, on foot, from 
 its crossing of Millbrook street, till you pass the two mile post. The deserted 
 shaft is about twenty rods to the northeast of this spot. It is readily found, 
 as a pile of slate stones still lie where they were thrown out by the miners, 
 on a slight eminence in the meadow. Good specimens of sulphuret of Lead, 
 arsenical sulphuret of Iron and carbonate of Iron may be found here. 
 
 A pretty route for a short drive or ride takes you to New Worcester by 
 i^^.^-i^Hc— 
 
(109) 
 
 L. N. LELAND & SON, 
 
 nsijii 
 
 III 
 
 MAKtTFACTURERS OP 
 
 
 IRON BENCH, CLAMP & JACK SCREWS, 
 J. M. REED'S PATENT JACK SCREWS, 
 
 LEATHER SPLITTmG MACHINES, 
 
 lilPiiVEi iilMPiii BiiiEi 
 
 BOOT FORMS AND BOOT FORM SCREWS, 
 
 Gr :E^. .A. 10*17 o isr , imc js>^& &. 
 
 L. N. LELAND & SON are the Bolo 
 Manufacturers of 
 
 TINKEK'S PATENT 1 iiii,, 
 
 AXD 
 
 Skirt Supporter 
 
 SI 
 
 — V>-?-<^^i 
 
 m 
 
\H^^^-^^^ 
 
 .'.'■ . -Tr ■« iir I'ELSC. 
 
 Cut of 10 foot Lathe,— Swing 22 Inches. 
 
 C. "VS^HITOOMIB & 
 
 MANUFACTUREE3 OP 
 OF ALT^ SIZES, 
 
 and from Ihe most approved iPattenis; 
 
 ALSO 
 
 CO. 
 
 Machinists Tools 
 
 GENEll.\LLY. 
 
 Orders solicited, and will re- 
 ceive prompt attention. 
 
 JEx'chunge Street, 
 
 ^r^p^c-. 
 
 Cut of 8 foot Planer,— Planes 6 1-2 feet long, 24 by 24 Inches. 
 
 --V^-P^^J 
 
19 
 
 (111 ) 
 
 C. WHITCOMB & CO., 
 
 WOB.GESTEB, MASS., 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 oonma A 
 
 ^X^ CHESSES 
 
 Of the most approved Patterns and style of Finisli. 
 
 Orders Sollcitei], and will receive prompt attention. 
 
 ><4 
 
 
( 112 ) 
 
 — ^i-^^^^] 
 
 19 
 
 Main street. Take the rig-lit after crossing Tatnick or Kettle Brook, and pass 
 through Mill street to Tatnick, whence the route home either through Pleasant 
 street, or Flagg and Salisbury streets, opens a series of pretty views. Or you 
 may leave Main street just beyond the Oread, pass through May street, and 
 return as above. 
 
 To MiLLBURY AND BACK. Millbury, the first considerable village on Black- 
 stone Eiver, is the largest manufacturing place in the neighborhood of Wor- 
 cester. The Providence Railroad from Worcester passes through the village. 
 There are three other roads between the two towns, — so that the drive to Mill- 
 bur}"- and back, may be varied between going and returning. Green street and 
 Millbury street give the shortest and best road. Drive out from AVorcester by 
 this road. The bridge which you pass at the end of Green street crosses the 
 lower end of the basin of the Old Blaekstone Canal. This work, begun and 
 carried on witli great energy, is now abandoned, between Worcester and the 
 state line. It connected Worcester with Providence. You will observe traces 
 of its banks, in several places between Worcester and Millbury ; — the lock at 
 the outlet of the Basin is still complete. It was a canal of the smallest class, 
 and found very unprofitable to its projectors. But the water-power created 
 upon Blaekstone Eiver, by the dams built for it, has built up a series of man- 
 ufacturing towns, of great wealth and prosperity. 
 
 " The Eed Mills," (one of which is white,) at the end of Green street, are 
 the first factories which you will notice on this road. They are owned by 
 Messrs. Wm. B. Fox & Son. Satinets are manufactured here, — this being one 
 of the earliest places where that manufacture was attempted. 
 
 About a mile lower down, Avhere the road bends to the left, — you observe the 
 junction of the two streams. Mill Brook and Kettle Brook, which form the 
 Blaekstone Eiver. This river receives its name from the Eev. John Blaekstone, 
 well known as the first settler of Boston. He was driven from England, he 
 said, by the Lords Bishop, — and afterwards from Boston, because he disliked 
 tlie Lords Bretliren. He took up his last residence on the banks of this stream 
 in Pawtucket, — where Sttidi/ Hill still preserves his memory. He lived there 
 forty years, and died in 1675. 
 
 The road follows Blaekstone Eiver to Quinsigamond Village, where are ex, 
 tensive Iron EoUing Slills. The curiosity of the process is such as to reward 
 examination. Here, if he have any taste for such matters, the visitor cannot 
 fail to be interested in the wire-drawing operations of the sons of Vulcan, 
 who day and night ply their arduous toils. i\t night, especially, the fiery 
 
(113) 
 
 1 \i 
 
 >,-:$#^ 
 
 1 18 B i ^ D ^ ^ ffi ® 
 IRON AND WIRE 
 
 ORKS, 
 
 ■^ATOIRCESTEIR^ iSAij^&S.^ 
 
 HENRY S. WASHBURN & CO. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 ::o 3FL jk. ^k t:bi 
 SCREW AND RIVET RODS, 
 
 ALSO, ALL KINDS OF 
 
 MarJcet, Telegraph, Spring, Fence, 
 
 AND BUCKLE WIRE. 
 
 ITexry S. Washburn. 
 15 
 
 Charles F. Washbitrn. 
 
 '-■^{-i-^^^i^ 
 
( 114 ) 
 
 serpents of heated wire, coiling round upon the floor of the building, present 
 a remarkable spectacle. The whole process of wire-making may be seen 
 in a brief space of time. The iron, passing to the furnace in the shape of 
 " blooms " or " billets," is changed from roller to roller, where by the pon- 
 derous machinery it is speedily reduced to the various sizes of wire. Wire 
 of the best class, such as is used in telegraph lines, is manufactured here 
 laro-ely. The gentlemanly attention of the proprietors and their assistants, 
 add greatly to the interest of the visit. 
 
 Millbui'y is four or five miles farther. The water power is excellent, — and 
 the beauty of the rocky falls not wholly destroyed by the dams and buildings. 
 The visitor may return by Granite street, — a hard road, but a picturesque 
 one, — and examine the South Ledge, or taking the right hand road at the old 
 tavern, pass over Millbury Avenue, — which will afford him a fine view of Dorety 
 Pond with its floating island ; and upon the height of land between Worcester 
 and Millbury, a beautiful panoramic view of the surrounding country may be 
 seen without leaving the carriage. 
 
 A longer ride will lead thiough Millbury to Wilkinson ville, a pretty village 
 on the Blackstonc in Sutton, and along the banks of the river through other 
 smaller manufacturing villages to Grafton Centre, — thence on the excellent 
 county road to New England Village, where are located extensive cotton mills, 
 and over Grafton street to Worcester. There is a shorter route from Millbury 
 to Grafton, and a still shorter one to New England Village. On the return 
 route over Grafton street, fine views are obtained of " Lake Quinsigamond." 
 
 West Boylston, about seven miles from Worcester, by the street which 
 bears its name, — is a thriving manufacturing town. It is situated in a beau, 
 tiful valley, lleturn thruugh " Old Boylston," Boylston street, and Lincoln 
 street, and you will enjoy a fine series of views. 
 
 The oldest Eide in Worcester. Plantaiion street or Love Lane. 
 Tlie first settlers from Boston to Connecticut valley, passed South of this town, 
 by the Nipmuch Road, througli Grafton- Not long before 1G74, " the country 
 road " was laid out, which led more directly from Marlborough to Springfield- 
 It entered Worcester, at the North of Quinsigamond Pond, — and is the Lincoln 
 street of our map from that point, for a few rods, as far as Plantation street. 
 Here however it turned west of the present Lincoln street, — it passed west of 
 the present Main street — and excepting a part of the Jo Bill Eoad, spoken of 
 above, [p. 94] is wholly discontinued now, between the Town's Poor-farm and 
 New Worcester. It was simply a " wood road " practicable for pedestrians and 
 
( 115 ) 
 
 *5 
 
 ^m^- 
 
 %]%fl.. 
 
 Established in 1833 
 
 
 £^. 
 
 @ 
 
 24 years since. 
 
 EXCHAF¥GE STREET, : : : : : Rear of liny ^t.itc iSotisc, 
 HAVE ON SALE, AND BUILD TO OKDER, 
 
 Of the Newest and most Approved patterns ; Liglit, Showy and Durable for Livery Stables ; Also 
 ample and convenient for Family Use. 
 
 CHA-ISE^ 
 
 Light and uiisiarpiisscd for taste asitl dssi- ability 
 
 P U /k E T 
 
 3 
 
 Our own Pattern ; — for ease, comfort, service and elegance, the best Carriage 
 for two or three passengers in use. 
 
 C i C i I s 
 
 BTJII^T TO OI^IDEIi, A. IST 3D O 3>T S .A. X. E - 
 
 PilMOE 
 
 A new, beautiful, one seated Carriage, turns short, and is in the height 
 
 of the fashion. 
 
 A GENERAL ASSORTMENT 
 
 Light Carriages, Buggies, Harnesses, Carriage and Harness 
 
 Trimmings, Varnish, Leather, Springs and Axles, Bolts, 
 
 Cloth, Lace, Bows, &c. &c. 
 
 REPAIRINO DONE PKOMPTEY. 
 
 ^ A. TOLMAN. GEO. W. RUSSELL. 
 
(116) 
 
 horsemen only. By tliis w;iy, years before tlic permanent settlement of Wor- 
 cester, parties passed to and fro from the sea-shore to the valley of the Con- 
 necticut, or the post at Brookfield. Here may be placed the ninth Canto of 
 Southey's Oliver Newman, where he describes that very "journey through the 
 
 Forest." 
 
 " They are on their -way, and they have entered now 
 The forest that from earliest time hath stood 
 By human culture unsubdued." 
 
 The name " Plantation street " is given in memory of the first highway — 
 wliic'h took the place of this " Country Road" in those early days of the "plan- 
 tation ;" — soon after the arrival of Jonas Rice, the first settler in 1713. 
 
 Pass out through Grafton street to Plantation street. Formerly it crossed 
 what is now a cultivated meadow at your right and came into the Cambridge 
 street of our map. Turn into it at the left, the ascent opens a view of the 
 village. Cross the turnpike and you come into that part of it known as Love 
 Lane. 
 
 Love Lane will bring you to the original country road ; — at the very spot (if 
 you please to think such the origin of its name,) of the journey spoken of 
 above, where 
 
 " First the Virgin thought 
 JIow lai'ge a dower of love and faithfulness 
 
 Jler gentle spirit could have brought 
 A kindred heart to bless. 
 
 Herself then first she understood, 
 With what capacities endued ; 
 
 Then first by undeserved respect 
 Roused to a consciousness of self respect, 
 
 Felt she was not more willing to be won, 
 Thau worthy to be wooed." 
 
 On the right of Love Lane or Plantation street is Wigwam Hill, a distinctly 
 marked hill on the borders of the Pond. It was formerly a home of Indians, 
 and hence received its name. But the present interest of Love Lane is of a 
 more practical kind. 
 
 Look to the west as you ride, and you will see the open shaft of the Anthra- 
 cite Coal Mine. This anthracite, is, strictly speaking, the only Anthracite yet 
 found in America. It is, that is, nearer the European coal which first received 
 that name, than the coal of Pennsylvania or Rhode Island. The mine is not 
 worked for Coal, — but some black lead is taken from it, for making paint, and 
 British Lustre for stoves. ^ 
 
 iSS^ 
 
117 
 
 ^.v.\fe 
 
 BALL & BALL 
 
 WORGJRSTER, MASS., 
 
 IS^ .A. KT TJ F -A. C T TJ li B R, S OF THE BEST 
 
 LABOR SAVING MACHINES, 
 
 For Working Wood, ever oiFered to the Public: 
 
 V I 2 
 
 11 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 
 f 
 
 GRAY AND WOOD'S PLANERS, 
 
 t]sli^kov^e:i3 TEisroivriisra MiA-OiiiisrES, 
 
 Improved Sash Moulding Machines^ 
 
 FOOT AND POWER MORTISING MACHINES, 
 
 Railway, Cut-off and Ripping Saw Tables, &c. 
 CAST STEKL SAW ARBORS, 
 
 And a variety of other articles wanted to accompany the above Machines. 
 
 Purchasers are invited to call at our Manufactory, T¥o. US SfJiOOl Street, and examine for 
 themselves. 
 
( 118 ) 
 
 Eetuniing by Lincoln street, you pass on the right the spacious and conveni- 
 ent builJing, recently erected for the accommodation of the city's pool'. 
 
 Lincoln street, from the poor house into town, was tlie "Lancaster way" of 
 the plantation, ending in those days, wliere the "Central Exchange " now 
 stands. This was not then, as now, Bank and Post Office, but Deacon " Daniel 
 Heywood's Garrison House." 
 
 Plantation street and tlic Lancaster way were the two streets of the infant 
 town. 
 
 Trustino; that tlie stranger raav sometimes seek our aid in longer excursions 
 in the County; — we add to these hints directions for reaching Happy Valley, 
 Asnybumskit, Purgatory and Waehusett. 
 
 Jiiipi'y \aufy, V> csu llOyi^^^oIl. 
 
 Happy Valley. For tliose wishing rather a long drive, Happy Valley 
 should by all means be selected. It is the name given to a little valley sur- 
 rounded by hills which until within a year or two were beautifully w^ooded. 
 The drive to happy valley is delightful. Passing down Lincoln and Burncoat 
 streets, at the distance of four miles we cross the Nashua Railroad. Three 
 miles beyond tliis crossing, we leave the main road and follow the trail at our 
 right hand. After re-crossing the railroad, a few rods from the turning, at a 
 little distance we leave the road and take a wood path at our left hand. A 
 drive of half a mile brings us to the Valley. To say nothing of the valley, 
 
m'^(^^^ '^■: 
 
 ( 119 ) 
 
 GEO. H. DYER, 
 
 m 1 Ib¥^® ^^^ 
 
 
 ?•) 
 
 197 MAIN ST., UNION BLOCK, 
 
 ej ^^^o 
 
 ALL Kli^DS OF 
 
 STEEL AND COPPER PLATE PRINTING 
 
 BxseoTiQ wmi bkspatce aho 
 
 Pitrticular atlcnlion paid to Pvinling and Engraving 
 
 Marriage, Address, Invitation, Autograph, 
 
 ^ISTD BXJSIISrESS C^RDS. 
 
 w 
 
 mr W 9 Mm '^!b§ "^ If tT^ i J v^^ if-s ifca ii« m j 
 CAKE BOXES, BRIDAL CARD ENVELOPES, FANCY 
 WAFERS, CARD PENCILS, &c., 
 
 CONSTANTLY ON HAND AND FOR SALE AT LOW PRICES. 
 
 Manufacturers are requested to call and examine our large stock 
 of Cloth Tickets and Tags. Those having plates of their own would 
 do well to send them in here. Plates engraved in any style desired 
 for particular manufacturers, and to suit every variety of goods. 
 
 Dealers and others in want of Blank Notes would find it to their 
 
 advantage to call at this place, as we have a large lot which we sell cheap for Cash. 
 Orders received by mail or express will meet with as prompt attention as though de- 
 livered in person. 
 
( 120 ) 
 
 tlic drive itself -will well repay any one for an afternoon. Our first "turn-off" 
 from the main road is about seven miles from Worcester, and half a mile from 
 West Boylston. The valley is about eight miles from Worcester. 
 
 ASNYBUMSKIT. This is the name given to the highest point of land near 
 AVorcester, except Wachusett, Passing down Pleasant street on the road to 
 Tatnick, continue on the main Paxton road until within half a mile of Paxton 
 villao'e. On the rie-ht hand we see a small red house near " Arnold's mill," 
 so called. Taking a cart path which turns off from the main road by this 
 house, we continue through the fields for half a mile, when we arrive at a 
 farm house on an elevated site. Here we leave our carriage. A walk of a 
 few minutes brings us to the summit of Asnybumskit. The view from this 
 hill is extensive, but the beauty of the landscape near at hand is its greatest 
 attraction. By some, the view from this hill is considered superior in some 
 respects to Wachusett. The distance from Worcester is about seven miles. 
 The summit is 1407.42 feet above the tide. 
 
 Purgatory. This paradise is in Sutton, about twelve miles from Worcester. 
 Take the direct road to Sutton, pass through the village, and inquire the way. 
 For a description of Purgatory, and its charms, as they appeared sixty years 
 ago, we copy from Peter Whitney's Old History of Worcester County, page 97. 
 
 " In the southeasterly part of the town is a cavern in the earth or rocks, 
 commonly called Purgatory. The rocks on each side of the chasm evidently 
 appear to have been rent asunder. People may enter some rods under, the 
 ground or rocks, and there are cracks down which they drop pebbles, and after 
 these strike the sides alternately several times, they are heard to fall into the 
 water ; and a brook issues out at the bottom of the hill. 
 
 " It may be acceptable to give a more particular description of this place, 
 called Purgatory. 
 
 " It is the side of a hill, which consists of vast ledges of rocks : where the 
 natural descent begins, a chasm has been formed of perhaps thirty, and in some 
 places, forty feet in width, in these ledges, by some violent concussion, which 
 left this body of stones of all shapes and sizes, to fall in : above, it is all open 
 to the heavens ; and the ledges, on either side, are from five to ten, and so on 
 to twenty, and even forty feet in height. This chasm is, perhaps, near eighty 
 rods in length ; and the descent is gradual, and not very difficult. Where the 
 greatest depth is, water issues from crevices in the rocks, and hangs in icicles, 
 and even in solid bodies of ice, not only in May, as I have seen, but in June, 
 
i?^^?'^-?-^^^ 
 
 ( 121 ) 
 
 WM. B. TABER & CO., 
 
 No. 1 American House Block, 
 
 MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN 
 
 GiillET FiRilTUiE 
 
 OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. 
 
 Church, Bank, OflBce & Store Furniture 
 
 ]>d:A.DE TO ORDER. 
 
 liBi:!!! iiiisii Hi tiiiiii iiiis Piif iSa 
 
 Gilt Portrait, Picture, and Glass Frames, plain and ornamental. 
 
 AND OTIIEK CURTAIIV TRIMMINGS. 
 
 FEATHERS, BEDS AND MATTRESSES 
 
 ALWAYS ON HAND. 
 
 UPIOlgTlKI §00D§ iiD THIMiraeS. 
 
 {^^^'Carpets made, Curtains made and hung, Pew Cushions, and 
 all other Upholstery work done in the best manner and with dispatch. 
 City Agents for the sale of 
 
 H. TUCKER'S PATENT SPRING BED, 
 
 ACKNOWLEDGED TO BE THE BEST SPRING BED IN USE. 
 
 W. B. TAPER & CO. having had long experience in this busi- 
 ness, feel confident in being able to suit in every particular all who may favor them with 
 their patronage, at wholesale or retail. 
 
 WM. B. TABEB, \ 
 3. B. LAWRENCE. ) 
 
 l^^-^'^-Hr 
 
 16 
 
 ^-~-V^-?<^^ 
 
( 122 ) 
 
 F. R. ROBINSON, 
 
 MANUFACTURER OF 
 
 CNEIIGIL UO TOILET 
 
 j^W 
 
 ,%^&: 
 
 
 9 
 
 
 Two demands have been urged by the American public upon Soap Manufacturers. 
 
 Until recently we were entirely dependent upon importers for our choicest varieties 
 of Toilet Soaps. Within a few years Manufacturers in our own country have pro- 
 duced numerous articles to supply this deficiency. My 
 
 llJiEIiiAL SOAPS 
 
 were introduced only after careful and costly experiments had convinced me that I 
 was justified in claiming for them a position second to none. My assertion was, that 
 this collection contained a variety as extensive as the wants of the difi'erent classes to 
 whom it was oftered. Ladies who furnish their toilet-stands only with the most deli- 
 cate and highly perfumed articles, have tendered to me their approval, and now deem 
 my Soap an indispensable luxury. 
 
 The Mechanic has applied it to hands roughened by exposure, and soiled by contact 
 with every kind of substance ; he too acknowledges that 
 
 ROBINSON'S MECHANICS SOAP 
 
 Should be found in every Artizan's Shop. 
 
 Rapidly increasing demands have given the highest encomium of praise. I still con- 
 tinue to supply the Trade with my Toilet Soaps, which I warrant unsurpassed in 
 excellence, each accomplishing the specific purpose for which it is adapted. 
 
 ROBINSON'S COLD DOLLAR SOAP. 
 
 The demand for a 
 
 Chemical Soap for Family Uses 
 
 has caused a rivalry among some Manufacturers, each striving for popularity, not on 
 account of the superior quality, but from the cheapness of his articles. As a result. 
 
( 123 ) 
 
 the market is overstocked with soaps, possessing more biting than erasive properties. 
 Dealers, aware that in the course of my experiments I have acquainted myself with 
 the peculiar varieties of materials requisite to produce any result connected with my 
 business, have requested of me such a Chemical Soap as my qualifications fit me to 
 manufacture. In compliance with this request I now present to the public an article 
 which I designate as ROBINSON'S GOLD DOLLAR SOAP. I am informed that 
 some disreputable trader has manifested his approbation of the name of my Indexical 
 Soaps, by borrowing the appellation for a single article of his own production ; he 
 thus appropriates to himself the benefit of the popularity of my invention, disregard- 
 ing the peculiar sigaificance of the title. In adopting the name of my Gold Dollar 
 Soap, I am influenced only by the desire to distinguish my own Chemical Soap from 
 that of others Though I rely solely upon the superior quality of the Soap in secur- 
 ing the patronage of traders, I would not have the stamp totally inappropriate. 
 
 While the merchant is confident that all Gold Dollar Soap is the genuine article of 
 my manufacture, the careful servant girl shall be rewarded by finding occasionally in 
 some small bit of Soap, the Gold Dollar, which I pledge myself to deposit in 
 every lot of 1000 pounds which I issue. 
 
 This Soap has been tested. The unanimous decision from the laundries, pronoun- 
 ces it to possess cleansing power immediate in its operation with little labor and no 
 injury to the hands. I affirm that the ingredients contiin no inferior or deleterious 
 substance. My object is to manufacture a good Soap, at a reasonable expense, not 
 one which will prove both cheap and poor. 
 
 In gaining this result, I rely on the solvent rather than on the alkaline properties 
 of the Soap. I am now manufacturing this article in such quantities as to meet 
 present orders, and am prepared to furnish all traders with samples, or larger amounts. 
 I warrant the quality to be invariable. 
 
 In connection with my Soaps, I have become interested in manufacturing PERFU- 
 MERIT, of every description, in which business I still continue extensively engaged. 
 
 ROBINSON'S 
 
 INDEXICAL, PEEP^R^TIOlSr 
 
 THE H^I 
 
 FOR 
 
 It is obvious to every intelligent mind, that the Hair in diff'erent states requires 
 difierent modes of treatment. To the Ladies who simply desire, while dressing the 
 hair, an application to render it moist and soft, with a glossy appearance which shall 
 be permanent, I off'er one variety of my Indexical Preparation. It possesses those 
 nutritive qualities necessary to promote the health and growth of the hair. It is de- 
 signed as a delicate Toilet Companion, free from any subsequent injurious effects. 
 While I furnish this as the variety most generally required, I am completing the 
 Indexical Set with peculiar preparations for special demands. 
 
 Circulars containing a full description of my Indexical System will be dispatched 
 to applicants throughout the United States. 
 
^§^^J>*-^^r-- 
 
 — ^-^^^^^^ 
 
 (124 ) 
 
 FE^I^^CIS P. OLIVER 
 
 IS AGENT FOR 
 
 li/i: j^OC3H=tE3 GrCPFL^IS 
 
 VENTILATING 
 FA.RI.OR, OFFICE, A.]Srr) HA.I.3L. 
 
 T O V^ 
 
 -A.3Sr3D 
 
 HOT Atn rtlEHAOES, 
 
 WHICH HAVE BEEN IN USE FOR 
 
 And with the recent Improvements, for 
 
 Economy, Purity of Air, and Ease in 
 
 Management, stand 
 
 IT 
 
 T A RIVAL. 
 
 They can be so regulated as to give any degree 
 of heat required ; and unlike other anthracite 
 coal-burners, ventilate the apartments quite as thor- 
 oughly as a wood fire or open Franklin, producing 
 a current of air at once moist, pure, and agreeable, and 
 as NONE OF THE AIR WHICH COMES IN CON- 
 TACT WITH THE FIRE-P(JT IS USED FOR RES- 
 PIRATION, the tendency to produce headache, so 
 much complained of by those using stoves and 
 furnaces is entirely obviated. 
 
 The Fire may be continued from one to 
 three days without replenishing. 
 
 Those Stoves arc hcautiful in (ksign and Jinished in the 
 most pi:rfeel manmr. Tliey are equally approjuiate and 
 have given universal satisfaction to ail who have adopted 
 them for Offices and Slwes, as well as the Farlor. The m- 
 ventor challinf/es THE wonLn to iiroduee an article hy which 
 so much jmri' tDarm air can W" gencratt'd tram so small an 
 amount of fu/d — requiring hut about fifteen lbs, anthracite 
 coal to warm an ordinary parlor for twenty-four houri with- 
 out replenishing, and then leaving fire enough to re-kindle 
 without the Uie of charcoal. The coal is all contnmed, ani 
 no clinkers made, consequently sifting coal is dispensed w ith. 
 When this Stove la properly managed, the tire continues 
 througJi the entire season, without onct. going out. Our SIX- 
 TEEN SIZi;s are Ciik-ulated for, and will snit the ciipacity 
 of the smallest rooms, or the largest Houses, /Stores, Halls or 
 Churclies, while cmc size of the I'Sirnace will warm liOO.OOO 
 cubic fe£t of sjmce. Added to all those qualifications, the 
 purchaser iuay reasonably expect to save 'ijpcr cent, in fuel 
 expense. 
 
— 4-^-?<^^ 
 
 (125) 
 
 FRANCIS P. OLIVER, 
 
 .A.GI-E]SrT, 
 
 No. 108 Main Street, Worcester, 
 
 DEALER IN HALL, PARLOR, OFFICE, AND 
 
 roil WOOD AND COAL, among which may be found, 
 
 Roger WilUmns, William Petm, Emperor, Pilot, ^ other Cooking Stoves. 
 Pearl, Stanley and Franklin Coal Burners, Air-tight and Bos Stoves. 
 
 SHEET IRON CORNICES, FOR BUILDINGS, 
 
 Manufactured to order, specimens of which may be seen on F x's Mill, T. K. Earle & 
 Co.'s, and Mechanics Hall, Worcester ; Saunders Hall, Saundersville ; 
 Northboro' Bank, Northboro' ; and new Jail, Greenfield. 
 
 Manufacturer of Tin, Sheet Iron, & Copper Work. 
 
 ig^All orders by mail or otherwise will receive prompt attention. 
 
 C. RICHMOND, 
 
 Ma7uifaciurer of all kinds of 
 
 Dry (><oocl.>« and Shoe Boxes, 
 
 WEDDING CAKE BOXES, 
 
 Of all kinds, inade to order and kept constantly 
 on hand for wholesale or retail trade. 
 
 CLARK'S BLOCK, UP STAIRS, WORCESTER, MASS. 
 
 At 301 Main St., 
 
 D. & C. P. STEVENS, 
 
 "Wholesai-e and Retail Dealers in 
 
 mm%, SlEEIi, BLllMDS, 
 Windows and Window Frames. 
 
 "Where you will find a large assortment of the 
 above articles constantly on hand, which we in- 
 tend to sell CHEAPER than can be bought else- 
 where in the city. 
 
 Work furnished to order at short notice. Or- 
 ders by mail promptly attended to. 
 
[§^>4>^>?^r— ■ 
 
 
 ( 126 ) 
 
 -->^-^<^| 
 
 althougli tlie descent is to the south. Some small caverns were formed by the 
 falling of these rocks, through which persons have descended, and come out 
 several rods below. This is a most stupendous place, and fills the mind of the 
 beholder with most exalted ideas of the infinite power of the great Creator of 
 all things, *' who removetli the mountains, and they know not ; who shaketh 
 the earth of its place, and the pillars thereof tremble." After all, no descrip- 
 tion given of this place, by another, will enable persons to form just and ade- 
 quate conceptions of it." 
 
 A returned Californian assures us that the place is best described by calling 
 it a canon : and gives a distinct idea of the canons of the west of America. 
 
 This place is much visited in summer, by strangers and by residents. For 
 those wishing to pass a day pleasantly, we know of no place better than Pur- 
 gatory. 
 
 Mount Wachusett. 
 
 Wachusett. This mountain, situated in Princeton, about sixteen miles 
 from Worc(!ster, attracts a great many during the summer season, and a stran- 
 ger having a leisure day is recommended to go to Princeton. About two 
 miles from the mountain we stop at the hotel, which is an excellent house. 
 It as advisable to start from Worcester before breakfast. After breakfast we 
 can push on for the mountain, the ascent of which from the road requires 
 about thirty minutes. 
 
 The prospect from tliis mountain of a clear summer's day is delightful. 
 
 On the one hand, Boston harbor is visible, distant about fifty eight miles. 
 On the other, the Monadnock is seen raising its bald and broken summit to the 
 clouds, v/aile the distant Hoosack and Green mountains fade away in the dis- 
 tance, and mingle with the blue horizon. Tlie numerous and beautiful villages 
 
 ^^^-^^^-f-^- 
 
( 127 ) 
 
 © 
 
 
 ?^^3£i-*'-^ r -t^^ \ fttW \'A. 
 
 L. GOES' 
 
 "fi 
 
 AND 
 
 I 
 
 A. G. GOES' PATENT 
 
 I SCillf 
 
 WORCESTER, MASS. 
 
 k 
 
 -—^i-f^s^. 
 
g^§^S?-^^^^?r— 
 
 ( 128 ) 
 
 scattered intermediately in all directions, give a charm to the scene, hardly- 
 surpassed by the far-famed Holyoke. Somewhat of the artificial richness of 
 that prospect is wanting here, yet this is amply compensated for by the greater 
 extent of view. 
 
 At the foot of the mountain, on the easterly sida, is a small sheet of water, 
 which, seen from the summit as it reflects the rays of the morning sun, pre- 
 sents a scene, for richness and beauty on a limited scale, rarely surpassed. 
 The summit of Wachusctt is 2018.12 feet above the tide. 
 
 The views around Princeton are delightful, — one especially, round the moun- 
 tain. Mountain, forest, field, and meadow succeed each other in the picture, 
 in many and pleasing varieties. 
 
 The road to Princeton passes out of Worcester, by the Cemetery, through 
 Grove and West Boylston streets. 
 
 w 
 
 (5^>?^-^- 
 
 --— vi-^>^^# 
 
N^" ''^.. 
 
 
 
 5? 
 
 x-^' 
 
 
 
 
 .\ 
 
 
 
 '^ 
 
 
 **\. 
 
 ' ' 
 
 h . 
 
 '"^z. 
 
 v-^' 
 
 -■ 
 
 
 
 
 '^A v^ 
 
 i-^^ ..- 
 
 » 9 1 A 
 
 
 A- 
 
 v^' 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 .$ 
 
 ^ 
 
 - ..^' 
 
 •■xV 
 
 
 
 
 
 '^^ c<^' 
 
X •/. 
 
 ^V 'rK 
 
 u- ,S,v 
 
 
 
 ^, .■^' 
 
 .^■^' 
 
 ^' <j^^ 
 
 s.^- 
 
 
 ^^ v^^ 
 
 a5 -^^^ 
 
 .0 O. 
 
 
 
 ^■% 
 
 %.^ 
 
 .-3^% 
 
 v^-^ 
 
 " / 
 
 
 
 
 
 .-,\^^ V 
 
 ^A v^ 
 
 CO' 
 
 '% <^'^- 
 
 -A^' '^r.. 
 
 o^ -Vl, 
 
 '^>- >^^