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 in 2010 with funding from 
 The Library of Congress 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/reportofgettysbuOOohio 
 
Report 
 
 of the 
 
 Gettysburg Memorial 
 
 c 
 
 • • 
 
 ommission 
 
 PRESS OF NITSCHKE BROS, COLUMBUS, OHIO 
 

 Columbus, Ohio, December 7, 1887. 
 
 His Excellency^ Hon. J. B. Foraker., Governor of Ohio : 
 
 Sir — The undersigned members of the Commission created by 
 the act of the General Assembly, passed April 21, 1886, entitled 
 "An act to amend and supplement an act 'to appropriate money 
 to purchase land upon which to erect a monument to the memory 
 of the soldiers of Ohio who died upon the battle-jEield of Gettys- 
 burg', passed May 4, 1885," have the honor to submit herewith a 
 report of their proceedings in pursuance of that act. 
 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 Your obedient servants, 
 
 H. A. AXLINE, Adjutant-General, 
 
 J. S. ROBINSON, Secretary of State, 
 
 EMIL KIESEWETTER, Auditor of State, 
 
 Gettysburg Memorial Commission. 
 
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 ^ Co tf^e (Bor>ernor ^- 
 
 CHE COMMISSION charged by Act of the General Assembly 
 with the erection upon the battle-tield at Gettysbursr, Penn.,of 
 suitable memorials to the Ohio organizations wliicli took part 
 in the battle upon that held, has the honor to report that it lias sul)- 
 stantially completed the task assigned it. 
 
 The Annual Report of the Adjutant-General of the State for the 
 year 1886 narrated in detail the progress made by tlie Commission 
 down to the time of the submission of that rejiort. The i)riii('i])al 
 points of that statement may properly be here recapitulated. 
 
 On the 4th of May, 1885, the General Assemldy passed au act "■ (o 
 appropriate money to purcliase land upon which to erect a monument 
 to the memory of the soldiers of Ohio who died u})on tlie ])attle-field 
 of Gettysburg." The act thus entitled appropriated for the purpose 
 named the sum of hve thousand dollars, to be expended upon the 
 requisition of the Adjutant-General, subject to the direction of the 
 Gettysburg Battle-Field JMemorial Association. For consultation as to 
 the best means of carrying into etlect the ])urposes of this act a 
 meeting of the surviving Ohio soldiers who took part in the battle was 
 called by the Adjutant-General, and was held at the State Capitol 
 July -1, 1885. At this meeting a resolution was adopted without 
 dissent expressing the desire of the survivors of tlie battle tliat the 
 money appropriated by the act of May 4 should Hrst provide for desig- 
 nating all the localities on the field where Oliio soldiers fought, and 
 recommending delay .in expenditure of the appropriation should the 
 law not authorize such designation. At the same meeting a committee 
 was appointed to accompany the Adjutant-General to Getty sliurg, and 
 assist him in locating the positions in which Ohio troops fought, 
 
 3 
 
On the 13th of the ensuing month this committee met at Gettys- 
 burg, representatives being present from the Fourth, Fifth, Eighth, 
 Twenty-tifth, Twenty-ninth, Fifty-fifth, Sixty-first, Sixty-sixth, Sev- 
 enty-third, Seventy-fifth, and One hundred and Seventh Ohio Infantry, 
 and from Battery H, First Ohio Light Artillery. After inspecting the 
 field the committee held an adjourned meeting, and, by resolution, 
 declared it to be the sense of those present that the sum of two thou- 
 sand dollars should be appropriated for each Ohio regiment, battery, 
 or other organization which took part in the battle, for the erection 
 upon the proper positions of suitable monuments and tablets, and for 
 purchasing plats, opening thoroughfares, and keeping the grounds and 
 memorials in good condition. 
 
 No further action of importance was taken in pursuance of the act 
 of May 4, 1885, and only a small part (.$ 34.75) of the appro j)riation 
 made by that act was expended, 
 
 Clci dreattng tt]e (Eommission 
 
 At the regular session of the Sixty -seventh General Assembly an 
 amendatory and supplementary act was passed, as follows : 
 
 [House Bill No. 159.] 
 
 AN ACT 
 
 To amend and supplement an act entitled "An act 'to appropriate money to pur- 
 chase lands upon which to erect a monument to the memory of the soldiers of 
 Ohio who died upon the battle-field of Gettysburg,' " passed May 4, 1885. 
 
 Section 1. £e it enacted hy the General Assembly of the State 
 of Ohio^ That in addition to the sum of five thousand dollars appro- 
 priated by the provisions of the aforesaid act there is hereby appro- 
 priated, out of any funds in the State Treasury not otherwise 
 appropriated, the sum of thirty-five thousand dollars, to be drawn and 
 used as hereinafter provided. 
 
 Sec. 2. Said sum herein appropriated shall be payable to a Com- 
 mission consisting of the Adjutant-General, Secretary of State, and 
 Auditor of State, to be by them used in meeting the expense of 
 
 4 
 
obtaining grounds and sites on the battle-field of (xettyslnirg, and lor 
 the location and erection thereon of suitaljle memorials and monu- 
 ments commemorative ol" the deeds ol" the soldiers from Ohio who 
 i'ought on said l)altle-tield, and also in procuring and erecting such 
 memorials and monuments, and in meeting the expenses incident to 
 the duty herein enjoined upon them, and in contributing to the Gettys- 
 burg Memorial Association such portion of said fund as they may 
 deem proper in aid of the objects of said Memorial Association. 
 
 Sec. 3. The j)ower conferred upon the Adjutant-General of Ohio 
 by said act of May 4, 1885, to use and expend the said sum of five 
 thousand dollars, is hereby so modified and enlarged as that he may 
 use and expend the same for the same purposes, and with as full 
 powers as they may the sum herein appropriated. 
 
 Sec. 4. In the execution of the trust hereby confided to the Com- 
 mission they are authorized and enjoined to consult and avail them- 
 selves of the information, advice, and judgment of the living members 
 of the different military organizations from Ohio that took part in the 
 battle of Gettysburg, and if they shall deem it practicable, to cause to 
 be erected at least one memorial structure for each of said organiza- 
 tions, and at such points as they shall find to be most befitting the 
 ends hereby sought to be accomplished. 
 
 Sec. 5. The Adjutant-General shall also keep accurate account 
 of all disbursements hereunder, and make full report thereof, and of 
 the execution of their trust to the Governor, on or before the 15th of 
 November of each year during the continuance of said trust. 
 
 Sec. 6. This act shall take effect and be in force from and after 
 its passage. 
 
 Passed April 21, 1886. (0. L., Vol. S3, page 89.) 
 
 By virtue of the foregoing statute the Commission thus created 
 was composed of the officers of the State whose names are appended 
 to this report. 
 
 In order to obtain the authentic information necessary to the 
 proper execution of their trust, the members of this Commission 
 visited Gettysburg on the 15th and 16th of July, 1886, and made a 
 careful inspection of the positions occupied by Ohio organizations 
 during the battle. After this inspection, which included an examina- 
 
 5 
 
tion of the memorials already erected on the field, the members of the 
 Commission were unanimously of the opinion that each of the Ohio 
 organizations which participated in the battle should have its own 
 special memorial ; that no two or more of these memorials should be 
 of the same pattern or design, and that none of them should be dupli- 
 cates of any of the memorials already erected on the field. 
 
 Selection of Designs 
 
 In pursuance of the opinion thus formed, the Commission issued 
 the following circular: 
 
 PROPOSALS FOR GETTYSBURG MONUMENTS 
 
 Columbus, Ohio, September 7, 1886. 
 
 The undersigned having been constituted a Commission by act of 
 the General Assembly of the State of Ohio passed April 21, 1886, for 
 the purpose of obtaining grounds and sites on the battle-lield of 
 Gettysburg for the location and erection thereon of suitable memorials 
 and monuments commemorative of the deeds of the soldiers from Ohio 
 who ibught on said battle-held, hereby invite proposals to be ^jresented 
 for the erection of nineteen separate monuments at such places on said 
 battle-field as may be designated by the Commission. 
 
 The monuments to be erected are for the Fourth, Fifth, Seventh, 
 Eighth, Twenty-fifth, Twenty-ninth, Fifty-filth, Sixty-first, Sixty-sixth, 
 Seventy-third, Seventy-fifth, Eighty-second, and One hundred and 
 Seventh Regiments of Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Sixth Ohio Volunteer 
 Cavalry, Companies A and C of First Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, and 
 Batteries H, I, K, and L of First Regiment Ohio Light Artillery. 
 Fourteen of said monuments are to be erected at a cost not to exceed 
 $1,500 each, and five at a cost not to exceed $750 each; the inscrip- 
 tions thereon to be such as the representatives of the above enu- 
 merated commands may designate. 
 
 All bids must be accompanied by designs, together with plans and 
 specifications in detail for the work proposed, including tablets mark- 
 ing the right and left positions of the several regiments and batteries, 
 
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all of whicii shall l)e subject to the approval and acceptance ol', or 
 rejection by, the Commission, which riiiht the Commission reserves in 
 considering proposals submitted. 
 
 All l)ids to be addressed to the Gettysburg Memorial Commission, 
 at the city ol" Cblumbus, Ohio. 8aid bids will be opened at the office 
 ol' said Commission on Thursday, October 14, 1886, at 12 o'clock m., at 
 which time and ])lace all living members of the different military 
 organizations from Ohio that took part in the battle of Gettysburg are 
 invited to be present lor the purpose of advising and aiding the Com- 
 mission in the selection of designs. 
 
 H. A. AXLINE, Adjutant-General, 
 J. S. ROBINSON, Secretary of State, 
 E. KIESE WETTER, Auditor of State, 
 
 Gettysburg Memorial Commission. 
 
 The Commission subsequently modified its action by resolving 
 that the memorials for which proposals had been invited should each 
 cost precisely the same amount, viz., $1,500. 
 
 In i^ursuance of the foregoing circular the Commission convened 
 in the Senate Chamber of the State Capitol on the 14th day of October, 
 1886, to receive proposals and designs. In response to the invitation 
 of the Commission this meeting was numerously attended by soldiers 
 of the organizations interested, all of which organizations were repre- 
 sented except Batteries I and K and the Sixth Cavalry. Many of the 
 manufacturers of monuments were also present, either in person or by 
 agents, and about six hundred designs, in all, were presented. The 
 Commission continued its sessions during the loth and 16th, and 
 during these deliberations the following selections of designs were 
 made by the soldiers in attendance : 
 
 Fourth Infantry : Design marked 1, of the Monumental Bronze 
 
 Company, Bridgeport, Conn. 
 
 Fifth Infantry: Design No. 6, oi' J. McElwaine, of Springfield, 
 Ohio. 
 
 Seventh Infantry: Design No. 9, of the Berdge Granite Com- 
 pany, of Cleveland. 
 
 Eighth Infantry: Design marked 1, of the Monumental Bronze 
 Company. 
 
 7 
 
Twenty-fifth Infantry : Design No, 9, of the Smith Granite Com- 
 pany, of Westerly, R. I. 
 
 Twenty-ninth Infantry : Design marked H, by Frank 0. Weary, 
 of Akron, to be executed by the Ryegate Granite Works. 
 
 Fifty-fifth Infantry : Design No. 201, of R. R. King, of Norwalk, 
 Ohio. 
 
 Sixty-first Infantry : Design No. 108, of M. Y. Mitchell & Son, 
 Columbus, Ohio. 
 
 Sixty-sixth Infantry : Design No. 5, of J. McElwaine, Springfield, 
 Ohio. 
 
 Seventy-third Infantry: Design No. 211, of the New England 
 Granite Works, Hartford, Conn. 
 
 Seventy-fifth Infantry: Design No. — , of the Stratford Granite 
 and Marble Works, of Stratford, Conn. 
 
 Eighty-second Infantry : Design by Thomas W. Fox, of Cincin- 
 nati, Ohio. 
 
 One hundred and Seventh Infantry : Design No. 51, of the Smith 
 Granite Works. 
 
 Sixth Cavalry : Design B, of the Monumental Bronze Company. 
 
 Battery H : Design No. 25, of the Smith Granite Company. 
 
 Battery L : Design marked I, of the Ryegate Granite Works. 
 
 At an adjourned meeting held November 15, the Commission 
 approved the foregoing selections, with the following exceptions : 
 
 The design selected for the Eighth Infantry being the same as 
 that chosen for the Fourth Infantry, was disapproved. For the Eighth, 
 a design submitted by R. R. King, of Norwalk, Ohio, was subsequently 
 selected by the Commission in conjunction with the committee re j) re- 
 senting the regiment. 
 
 The design chosen for the Twenty-ninth Infantry was afterwards 
 materially modified, with the concurrence and approval of the com- 
 mittee representing that regiment. The modified design, as well as 
 the original one, was mainly the work of Mr. F. 0. Weary, a member 
 of the regiment. ' 
 
 Modifications in the design selected for the Fifty-filth Infantry 
 were suggested by the commit^^ee of that regiment and consented to 
 by the Commission. 
 
The (lesiiiii selected for the Seventy-tiith Infantry l)eiiii;- the same 
 as tliat of one of Ihe memorials already erected at Gettysbm-g, was 
 disapproved, and in lieu of it a desiiin sul)mitted l)y Mr. Tliomas W. 
 Fox, of Cincinnati, was chosen, in concurrence with tiie committee 
 representing- the regiment. 
 
 For the organizations not represented, or not making a selection 
 at the October meeting, designs were selected by the Commission as 
 Ibllows : 
 
 First Cavalry: Design No. 106, of M. V. Mitchell it Son, Colum- 
 bus, Ohio, in accordance with the wishes of a majority of the com- 
 mittee of that organization. 
 
 Battery I : Design No. 1, by Thomas W. Fox, Cincinnali. 
 
 Battery K: Design No. 34, by Frederick & Field, Quincy, Mass. 
 
 At the expressed wish of the ex-soldiers in attendance at the 
 October meeting, the second Wednesday of September, 1887, was 
 chosen as the day for dedication of the memorials to be erected. 
 
 Secretary Ctppointeb 
 
 On the 9th of December, Mr. Alfred E. Lee, late captain in the 
 Eighty-second Ohio Infantry, was appointed Secretary to the Com- 
 mission, and entered upon his duties as such. 
 
 negotiation of dontracts 
 
 Contracts tor the nineteen memorials were then awarded and 
 negotiated, of dates as follows: 
 
 Fourth Infantry : The Monumental Bronze Company, of Bridge- 
 port, Conn., April 21, 1887. 
 
 Fifth Infantry : J. McElwaine, of Springfield, Ohio, March 3, 1887. 
 
 Seventh Infantry : The Berdge Granite Company, of Cleveland, 
 Ohio, March 24, 1887. 
 
 Eighth Infantry : R. R. King, of Norwalk, Ohio, March 23, 1887. 
 
 Twenty-tilth Infantry: The Smith Granite CV)mpany, of Wes- 
 terly, Rhode Island, April 14, 1887. 
 
Twenty-ninth Infantry : The Ryegate Granite Works, of South 
 Ryegate, Vermont, March 1887. 
 
 Fifty-fiith Infantry : R. R. King, of Norwalk, Ohio, March 23, 1887. 
 
 Sixty-first Infantry : M. V. Mitchell & Son, of Columbus, Ohio, 
 April 5, 1887. 
 
 Sixty-sixth Infantry : J. McElwaine, of Springfield, Ohio, March 
 3, 1887. 
 
 Seventy-third Infantry: The New England Granite Works, of 
 Hartford, Conn., May 10, 1887. 
 
 Seventy-fifth Infantry: Thomas W. Fox, of Cincinnati, Ohio, 
 February 25, 1887. 
 
 Eighty-second Infantry: Thomas W. Fox, of Cincinnati, Ohio, 
 February 25, 1887. 
 
 One Hundred and Seventh Infantry: The Smith Granite Com- 
 pany, April 14, 1887. 
 
 Battery H : The Smith Granite Company, April 14, 1887. 
 
 Battery I : Thomas W. Fox, of Cincinnati, Ohio, February 25, 1887. 
 
 Battery K: Frederick & Field, of Quincy, Mass., March 31, 1887. 
 
 Battery L : The Ryegate Granite Works, of South Ryegate, Ver- 
 mont, March 18, 1887. 
 
 First Cavalry ( Companies A and C ) : M. V. Mitchell & Son, of 
 Columbus, Ohio, April 5, 1887. 
 
 Sixth Cavalry: Frederick & Field, of Quincy, Mass., March 
 31, 1887. 
 
 Duplicate contracts and specifications for each memorial were 
 signed and delivered in the following form : 
 
 ^oxm of Contract 
 
 GETTYSBURG BATTLE-FIELD MEMORIAL 
 
 To the of contractor : 
 
 This Memorandum or an Agreement 
 Made at Columbus, this day of , 1887, between 
 
 , of , party of the first part, and Henry A. Axline, Adju- 
 tant-General of Ohio, James S. Robinson, Secretary of State of Ohio, 
 
 10 
 
and Emil Kiesewetler, Auditor of State oi' Ohio, loiiether constituting: 
 a Commission appointed and hereunto authorized by an act of the 
 General Assembly of Ohio x)assed on the 21st day of April, A. D. 1886 
 (Ohio Laws, volume 88, ])af>;es 8J) and 1)0), party oi' the second i)art, 
 
 Witnesseth: That (he said a^Tee to manufacture, furnish, 
 
 and erect complete upon a foundation to be provided and laid l)y said 
 
 , on a plat of ground to be designated and provided by said 
 
 Oommission, party of the second part, on the Gettysburg battle-tield, 
 at or near the towu of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, a monument coui- 
 
 meniorative of the services of in the battle of Gettysl>urg, said 
 
 monument to be composed of selected , corresponding with the 
 
 specimen accompanying the specifications hereto, and to be, as to 
 dimensions, style, ornaments, emblems, inscriptions, quality of mate- 
 rials, manner of erection, and all other details, in accordance with the 
 
 design for said monument marked , as tinally approved and 
 
 accepted by said Commission, and also to be in accordance with the 
 specifications for said foundation and monument hereto annexed, which 
 said design and specitications form a part of this agreement. 
 
 Said party of the first part further agrees to provide and erect 
 flanking posts not less than two in number, marking the right and left 
 
 flanks of the said during said battle of Gettysburg; all of said 
 
 posts to be placed in such positions as said Commission shall desig- 
 nate, and to be manufactured of selected , in accordance with 
 
 the specifications for said posts hereto annexed. 
 
 It is further stipulated and agreed by said party of the first part 
 that said monument and flanking posts shall be manufactured and 
 erected complete on the battle-field of Gettysl)urg, as specihed in this 
 contract and the accompanying designs and specifications, not later 
 than the first day of September, A. D. 1887, and that when said monu- 
 ment and posts shall be completed they shall be set up at the works 
 for inspection and ai)i)roval should the said Commission so require. 
 
 Said party of the first part further agrees to furnish to said Com- 
 mission at the time of signing this contract complete outline drawings 
 of said monument drawn to a scale, accurately exhibiting its front, 
 rear and side elevations, measurements, proportions, finish, and em- 
 blems as described in this contract and the accompanying specifi- 
 cations, which said drawings are hereby made a part of this agreement, 
 
 11 
 
and shall be faithfully followed in the manufacture of said monument, 
 except as may be otherwise provided in the specifications. 
 
 Said party of the first part further agrees to execute and deliver to 
 said Commission a bond to the State of Ohio in the penal sum of three 
 thousand ($3,000) dollars for the faithful performance of the said first 
 party's stipulations herein. 
 
 And in consideration of the faithful performance of the foregoing, 
 the said second party hereby agrees to certify and issue its, the said 
 Gettysburg Memorial Commission's, voucher on the Auditor of State 
 
 of the State of Ohio for payment of the sum of dollars to the 
 
 order of the said within thirty days after the work herein 
 
 contracted for shall be completed in full accordance with the terms 
 of this contract, and with the design and specifications herein named, 
 to the satisfaction and approval of the said Commission and of the 
 Board of Directors of the Gettysburg Battle-Field Memorial Asso- 
 ciation. 
 
 In testimony whereof, the said parties have hereunto set their 
 hands and seals this day of , 1887. 
 
 Witnesses : Signatures : 
 
 ^ovm of Specifications 
 
 SPECIFICATIONS FOR GETTYSBURG BATTLE-FIELD 
 
 MEMORIAL 
 
 To the , to accompany cotitract with for the inanu- 
 
 facture and. erection of said memorial : 
 
 FOUNDATION 
 
 The foundation shall be pyramidal in form, sliall extend not less 
 than six feet below the natural surface of the ground, unless solid rock 
 is struck, and shall be built in solid mass of selected rubble stone or 
 split stone, thoroughly sealed and laid with best cement. The upper 
 surface of the foundation shall be perfectly level, shall correspond in 
 size with the lower bed of the base stone of the monument, and shall 
 be j)ointed with cement so as to make a close and weather-proof joint. 
 
 12 
 
IMOUNDING AND SODDING 
 
 The masonry Ibundation shall be continued to such a height, not 
 exceedinsi; three feet a1)ove the natural surface of the ground, as the 
 C'oniniission may require, and shall l)e surrounded to its full height by 
 earth and loam, graded and covered with growing sod, the wliole to 
 form a symmetrical mound which shall slied water, and keep the 
 monument as dry and free from dirt as practical)le. 
 
 MATERIALS 
 
 The monument, with all its ornaments, emblems, and inscriptions, 
 
 shall be manufactured and composed of the best quality of 
 
 granite, selected as to grain and color, and each stone in the monu- 
 ment shall match the others in the foregoing particulars. The monu- 
 ment, including the base stones, shall be composed of not more than 
 
 separate pieces, and the granite used shall be entirely free 
 
 from knots, flaws, and streaks, shall contain no de]wsits or traces of 
 iron, and shall be guaranteed to be free from all discoloration resulting 
 from the presence of such deposits in said stone for twenty-five years 
 from the date of the erection of said monument. 
 
 QUALITY OF W^ORK 
 
 Twelve-cut work shall be employed on all exposed surfaces when 
 not otherwise specified, and the same is implied whenever tlie terms 
 "hammered surface" or "hammer dressed" are used. All polished 
 surfaces shall receive a mirror finish, and shall be of such elevation 
 and contrast to the hammered surface as to display all lettering dis- 
 tinct and sharp. 
 
 CARVED ORNAMENTS 
 
 All carved ornaments shown in the granite shall be first modeled 
 in clay, plaster, or wood, and shall be faithful in details, and said 
 models or photographs of the same, together with proof copies faith- 
 fully representing the size and style of letters, and the arrangement 
 and matter of all inscriptions shall be submitted for tlie inspection and 
 approval of the Commission before being cut in the stone. 
 
 13 
 
BEDS AND JOINTS 
 
 The surfaces of the stones intended for the several beds forming 
 the joints on the monument shall be dressed so as to make close 
 joints, and the joints shall he neatly and tightly sealed with lead so as 
 to render them entirely weather-proof. 
 
 DIMENSIONS 
 
 The dimensions of the monument shall be such as to secure proper 
 proportions and the best effect. Its measurements shall be as follows : 
 
 First base. 
 
 Second base. 
 
 Third base. 
 
 Plinth. 
 
 Die. 
 
 Upper plinth. 
 
 Capital. 
 
 Finial. 
 
 Total height. 
 
 Miscellaneous. 
 
 EMBLEMS AND ORNAMENTS 
 
 All emblems and ornaments shall be in relief, and shall be artist- 
 ically rendered. The following surfaces shall be polished : 
 
 The following surfaces shall be pointed: 
 
 The remaining surfaces shall be hammer-dressed, except when 
 otherwise specified. The emblems upon the monument shall be as 
 follows : 
 
 INSCRIPTIONS 
 
 All inscriptions shall be in polished letters, raised, except when 
 otherwise particularly specified, and shall be cut sharp and clear. The 
 inscriptions on the monument shall be as follows : 
 
 The terms "right and left," herein used, shall be held to mean 
 right and left hand to the spectator facing the monument in front. 
 
 14 
 
The foreiioiiiii' iiisrn])iions may be altered or amended, at the 
 discretion of the Commission, at any lime ])erore heinji carved in llie 
 si one, provided sncli alterations or amendments shall cause no addi- 
 tional expense in carvina; or modeling. 
 
 FLANKING POSTS 
 
 The Hanking posts shall consist each of but one piece, and shall 
 extend not less than two and a half feet below, nor less than twenty 
 inches al)ove the natural surface of the ground. The flanking posts 
 
 shall be manufactured of the best quality of , and shall match 
 
 the monument in color, quality of material, and workmanship. Each 
 
 post shall be square, and shall bear the following inscriptions 
 
 and emiilems : 
 
 The exposed surfaces of the posts, when not otherwise speciiied, 
 shall be hammer-dressed. 
 
 The foregoing specifications are hereby approved and accepted. 
 Witnesses : Signatures : 
 
 ^ovm of ^onb 
 
 It was required that each contract should be accompanied by a 
 bond executed by the contractor in the following form, with sureties 
 satisfactory to the (Commission, and ibrfeit equal to double the amount 
 paid for the memorial to he contracted for: 
 
 OHIO xAIEMORIALS AT GETTYSBURG 
 
 CONTRACTOR'S BOND 
 State of Ohio: 
 
 Knoio All Men hy These Presents^ That , of , held 
 
 and firmly bound unto the State of Ohio in the penal sum of 
 
 Dollars, tor the payment of which well and truly to be made, 
 
 the said l)ind — sel heirs, executors, administrators or 
 
 assigns, firmly by these ])resents. 
 
 The condition of the above obligation is such that, 
 
 Whereas, The said did, on the day of , 1887, 
 
 execute contract with the Commission created by an act of the 
 
 General Assembly of Ohio, passed AjDril 21, A. D. 1886, ( Ohio Laws, 
 
 15 
 
volume 83, pages 89 and 90), entitled "An act to amend and supple- 
 ment an act ' to appropriate money to purchase lands upon which to 
 erect a monument to the memory of the soldiers of Ohio who died 
 upon the battle field of Gettysburg,' passed May 4, 1885 ; " and, 
 
 Whereas, The said ha — by said contract covenanted with 
 
 said Commission to manufacture, furnish, and erect upon a plat of 
 ground to be designated and provided by said Commission a certain 
 
 monument commemorative of the services of the in the battle 
 
 of Gettysburg; and 
 
 Whereas, The said ha — covenanted in said contract to 
 
 manufacture, furnish, and erect said monument and the foundation 
 therefor, in accordance with designs and specifications accompanying 
 said contract and described therein ; and 
 
 Whereas, The said ha — further covenanted in said con- 
 tract to manufacture, provide and place in positions to be designated 
 by said Commission, certain marking posts indicating the right and 
 left of the position occupied by said during the battle of Gettys- 
 burg, said marking posts to be furnished and placed in position in 
 accordance with a certain design and specifications accompanying and 
 described in said contract. 
 
 Noio^ Therefore., If the said shall faithi'ully, truly, and fully 
 
 perform all covenants in accordance with said contract and the 
 
 designs and specifications accompanying the same, then this obligation 
 shall be void, but otherwise shall remain in full force and effect. 
 
 Witness our hands and seals this day of , 1887. 
 
 Signatures : 
 
 The within bond is approved as being in compliance with the laws. 
 
 The contractors were further required to deposit with the Com- 
 mission specimens of the material used in their work, and to submit 
 tracings of all lettering, and photographs or models of all carvings, to 
 be corrected and approved by the Commission. 
 
 Special Cablets 
 
 At the earnest request of the committee representing the Fourth 
 Ohio Infantry, the Commission authorized and contracted for the 
 erection of a tablet marking the position occupied by Companies G 
 
 16 
 
i , 
 
 
and I of thai rc^iiinienl wlien, as a detaclied iorce, tlie.v held an 
 advanced line near the Emmiltshnri:,' Road on llie 2d of July, 18(53. 
 Tliis tablet, Avith two accompaiiyinii' llaiikin<i- j)()sts, all in white bronze, 
 was contracted for with the monumental Bronze Company, at a cost, 
 when set complete, of two hundred dollars. 
 
 At the request of the committee of the Sixty-sixth Infantry a 
 tablet was jiranted markinii; the position held by that repment in 
 advance of the Union breastworks on Culp's Hill, July -'], JS(;8. This 
 lal)let was manufactured and erected by Messrs. Frederick & Field, of 
 Quincy, Mass. It is composed of Quincy granite, and cost $55.00. 
 
 Unfulfilleb (Eontracts 
 
 Dnring the latter part of July it was ascertained that the Berdge 
 Granite Company, owing to the death of its principal member and 
 business manager, would not execute its contract for the memorial to 
 the Seventh Infantry. As ])ut six weeks then remained until the time 
 appointed for the dedication of the memorials, it was deemed import- 
 ant that a new contract should be made under such conditions as 
 would afford special guaranties that the work would be finished within 
 the allotted period. The Smith (Tranite Company having offered such 
 guaranties, and also submitted an acceptable design, that company 
 was chosen to execute the work and fulfilled its engagements within 
 the time required. This contract was closed on the first day of August 
 with requirement and guaranty that the monument should be set 
 complete by the 14th of September following. 
 
 Only a few days l)efore the date fixed for tlie dedicalion. the (V)m- 
 mission learned, much to its surprise and regret, that the memorial to 
 the Eighth Infantry would not be erected at or near the time stipu- 
 lated, the sub-contractors to whom the work had been awarded having 
 entirely failed to fulfill their agreement with the contractor. For the 
 disappointment thus caused the Commission was in no wise responsi- 
 ble, as it had done all in its power to facilitate the work, and had been 
 led to believe, up to the time mentioned, that there would be no 
 serious delay in its completion. 
 
 There were some other delays in the fulfillment of contracts, but 
 it is gratifying to remark that, with comparatively few excejjfions, the 
 
 17 
 
memorials were set complete before the day of dedication. The 
 exceptions were those of the Fifth, Eighth, Sixty-first, Sixty-sixth and 
 Seventy-fifth Infantry and the First Cavalry. The memorial last 
 named was in position but not lettered, and the memorials of the 
 Sixty-first and Seventy-fifth were not set, and were but partly de- 
 livered. Tliose of the Fifth and Sixty-sixth Infantry were erected 
 complete, or nearly so, during the dedication week. 
 
 The only memorials remaining incomplete at the date of this 
 report are those of the Eighth and Seventy-fifth Infantry, and these, 
 it is expected, will be in position at an early day. 
 
 duality of tl^e VOovk 
 
 Great care has been taken to obtain work which shall be durable, 
 and which shall at the same time be in good taste and bear com- 
 parison with what has been done, or will be done by other States to 
 commemorate the services of their^troops in the battle. 
 
 location of tt]c ITtemorials 
 
 The locations obtained for the Ohio memorials are, almost with- 
 out exception, admirable. While so placed as to designate the 
 exact positions where our troops fought, the monuments are easily 
 accessible, and have such advantages as to elevation and view as 
 to contribute greatly to their appearance and eff"ect. Their locations 
 with respect to the general topography of the field are as follows : 
 
 Fourth Infantry: East Cemetery Hill. The monument stands 
 on ground over which the regiment charged when assisting in the 
 repulse of Early's assault upon the Hill during the evening of 
 July 2, 1863. 
 
 Fourth Infantry, Companies G and I : Emmittsburg Road. The 
 monument indicates approximately the ground covered by these com- 
 panies when deployed as a skirmish line in front of the main line 
 of battle during the afternoon and evening of July 2. While hold- 
 ing this^position the companies lost about half their number in 
 killed and wounded. 
 
 18 
 
Filth Inraiitry : Between the Baltimore Pike and CUilp's Hill. 
 From this position the regiment delivered its lire with great effect 
 when the enemy, endeavoring to seize the Pike, charged into the open 
 field in front of the monument on the morning of July 8, 1863. 
 The driveway over Oulp's Hill, laid out by the Battlefield Memorial 
 Association, passes a few yards in front of the monument. 
 
 Seventh Infantry: Gulp's Hill, near the right of (Treene's Bri- 
 gade. The position is commanding, and was a very important one 
 during the battle of the morning of July 3. The Union works to 
 the right of this point, after having been vacated by the Twelfth 
 Corps, were seized by Johnson's Confederate Division during the 
 evening of July 2. During the morning of July 3 the Confederates 
 were driven out of these works after a seven hours' battle. The 
 Seventh and Twenty-ninth Ohio Infantry, returning with the Twelfth 
 Corps, assisted in holding this position against the assaults of the 
 enemy. 
 
 Eighth Infantry: Emmittsburg Road. The regiment having 
 been sent forward to seize ground in front of the main line of bat- 
 tle on Cemetery Ridge, held the position taken from 4 o'clock 
 I'. 31., July 2, until the close of the fighting, next day. During 
 Longstreefs assault on the afternoon of July 2, the enemy's assault- 
 ing column passed by the Eighth, which kept its position, although 
 alone and unsupported, and changing front attacked the enemy in 
 flank. The monument indicates approximately the ground where this 
 action took place, and stands beside one of the principal thoroughfares 
 of the field. 
 
 Twenty-fifth Infantry: Barlow's Knoll, on the right of the 
 First Day's line. Here the Twenty-fifth and Seventy-fifth Ohio 
 Infantry made a stubborn fight until the enemy had passed by 
 their flank on the right in his movement toward the town. Their 
 losses here were very severe. The site of the monument commands 
 a view over the entire theatre of the First Day's battle, as far as 
 Seminary Ridge. 
 
 Twenty-ninth Infantry : Culp's Hill. The line of Union breast- 
 works, extending over the Hill, lies within a few yards of the 
 monument. Here the Twenty-ninth assisted in repelling the enemy, 
 
 19 
 
as already stated. The battle-tield avenue over the Hill passes 
 near the monument. 
 
 Fifty-fifth Infantry: At the crossing of the Emmittsburg and 
 Taneytown roads, on the south side of the town. Here the Fifty- 
 fifth, with the Seventy-third Ohio Infantry on its left, was engaged 
 in vigorous skirmish lighting from the time the enemy seized the 
 town until the close of the battle. The position is one which nearly 
 all battle field tourists will pass. 
 
 Sixty-first Infantry : On the Eleventh Corps Avenue, Right 
 Centre of First Day's line. The monument stands on ground over 
 which the Sixty-first advanced when fighting as skirmishers in sup- 
 port of Dilger's Ohio Battery. The monument rises in the midst 
 of open fields, gently rolling, and can be seen for a long distance. 
 The Eleventh Corps Avenue, on which this memorial and those of 
 the Twenty-fifth, Eighty-second, and One Hundred and Seventh 
 Infantry, and of Battery I, are located, was opened by the Battle 
 Field Memorial Association within the present year, and is one of 
 the finest thoroughfares on the field. 
 
 Sixty-sixth Infantry: Near the summit of Gulp's Hill, just 
 outside the Union breastworks. After having taken an active part 
 on July 2, in establishing and holding the line further to the right, 
 the Sixty-sixth, at daybreak July 3, was ordered to move outside 
 the Union breastworks and make a demonstration on the enemy's 
 right flank. The monument indicates the point at which the cross- 
 ing took place, and where the right of the line was established. It 
 stands on one of the huge granite boulders which are imbedded on 
 the hillside, and, although surrounded by forest trees, commands a 
 fine view over the country in the direction of Benner's Hill. 
 
 Seventy-third Infantry: On the Taneytown Road, adjacent to 
 the National Cemetery. In this position the Seventy-third did vig- 
 orous skirmish fighting with the Confederate troops of Rodes's Di- 
 vision. On its right was the 55th Ohio Infantry similarly engaged. 
 Col. Orland Smith's Brigade, of which these regiments formed a part, 
 was the nucleus upon which the Army of the Potomac formed its 
 lines, right and left, after the First Day's battle. That part of the 
 Taneytown Road on which the Seventy-third memorial stands is 
 Oiie of the niain thoroughfares for all tourists of the field, 
 
 30 
 
J- ^tcsw'sw •^■<*>mm*«^' 
 
 THIS MONO." 
 "^HE 25 THAN I .. 
 OHiO sN. 
 
 LEf-'T FUHK OF i 
 •^'< OF THC "^^^T!| ' 
 !d83, 
 
 THIS NEWRIAllS EeECTEO SY THE STATE OF OHIO 
 
 
 Mas5£//c. . Co. y X 
 
iSeveiity-liftli Intantry : At the northeastern base of Cemeteiy 
 Hill, Here the vSeventy-lifth, with the Twenty-filtli on its left, estab- 
 lished and held its line after the withdrawal of the Eleventh Corps 
 from the scene of the First Day's battle. When the enem}' gained the 
 l)atteries on the summit of the hill during his assault on tlie evening 
 of July 2, he had passed to the rear of these regiments, which never- 
 theless maintained their ground. The severity of their h)ss indicates 
 the character of their fighting. 
 
 Eighty-second Infantry: On the Eleventh Corps Avenue, right 
 of First Day's line. The position first occupied by this regiment was 
 much nearer the town, where it supported two guns of Dilger's 
 Battery in an open field, on the right of the Carlisle Road. This was 
 before the enemy's advance on the right (during the battle of the First 
 Day) was developed. To meet that advance, Krzyzanowski's Brigade 
 ( of which the Eighty-second was a part ) changed front to the right 
 and advanced under fire of the enemy's batteries on Seminary liidge, 
 across the open fields. Having crossed the Poor House Lane, the 
 Eighty-second ( demolishing the fences in its path ) moved on over the 
 open ground on which the monument stands until it encountered the 
 enemy advancing from the opposite direction. Its line of battle was 
 established one hundred and twenty-five yards beyond the monument. 
 Here it fought until the enemy had passed Barlow's Knoll and was 
 approaching the town on the Harrisburg Road. Much of its loss 
 occurred while fighting its way through the town to Cemetery Hill. 
 During July 2 and 3 it held a position in the line on the hill within 
 the precincts of the present National Cemetery. Its monument has 
 a commanding site and is seen from afar. 
 
 One Hundred and Seventli Infantry : Near Barlow's Knoll, on the 
 right of the First Day's line. Here the One hundred and Seventh 
 fought stubbornly until the enemy had carried Barlow's Knoll. It tlien 
 withdrew, with the rest of Barlow's Division, to Cemetery Hill. This 
 regiment, like the Eighty-second, also lost heavily in fighting its way 
 back to the hill through the town, which the enemy had reached by 
 the Harrisburg Road in advance of our troops. During July 2 and 3, 
 the One Hundred and Seventh held a position on Cemetery Hill 
 between the present town reservoir and the town. In this position, 
 which is marked by flanking posts, the One hundred and Seventh 
 
 21 
 
encountered and assisted in repelling the charge of Hays's Louisiana 
 " Tigers " on the evening of July 2, as narrated in the legend. The 
 heavy loss of this regiment attests the severity of its work. The 
 monument stands in open ground, where it produces a fine eifect. 
 
 Battery H : In the National Cemetery, near the Old Cemetery 
 wall. Permission to place the memorial here was applied for by the 
 Commission, and promptly granted by the War Department at Wash- 
 ington. The site is an admirable one, on the high ground back of the 
 National Monument and near the principal driveway. The memorial 
 stands on the ground occupied by the battery, which also held a 
 position for a time in the Old Cemetery, back of the memorial. 
 
 Battery I : On the Eleventh Corps Avenue, right center of First 
 Day's line. The monument marks the position of the four guns 
 stationed about three hundred yards to the left of the Carlisle Road. 
 From this point Captain Dilger engaged and badly used up Page's 
 Confederate Battery, stationed near a large red barn on the eastern 
 slope of Seminary Ridge. Dilger's guns, including those supported 
 by the Eighty-second Ohio Infantry on the right of the Carlisle Road, 
 also engaged and roughly handled some of the Confederate batteries 
 on the summit of the ridge. When the battery was obliged to with- 
 draw from this position, it halted and fired at intervals, stubbornly 
 contesting the ground until it gained a position on Cemetery Hill, 
 where it remained until the close of the battle. The monument stands 
 on a gentle knoll, surrounded by open country, and is one of the most 
 conspicuous objects on that part of the field. 
 
 Battery K: At the corner of Carlisle and Lincoln streets, on the 
 Pennsylvania College grounds. Here, as narrated in the legend, tliis 
 battery was stationed in reserve. It fought desperately in this position 
 until the enemy, coming in upon its right and i-ear, captured two of 
 its guns and obliged the others to retire. Tlie memorial occupies a 
 most admirable site, where its remarkably fine lettering and carvings 
 show to excellent advantage. The site was promptly and generously 
 conceded by the Trustees of the Pennsylvania College upon applica- 
 tion by the Commission. 
 
 Battery L : On the north slope of Little Round Top, about thirty 
 yards from the summit. The memorial marks the spot to which two 
 
gUiis of this battery were dragged by hand over the Iiiige granite 
 boulders, the teams being left at the rear. Two other guns were 
 stationed about filty yards in rear of these, covering the road which 
 leads out to the Bloody AVheat Field and the Peach Orchard. The 
 right section was posted on a spur of the Ridge just to the right of 
 that road. The position ol' this section is marked by tlie right flanking 
 post. During tlie battle, the slope of Little Round Top in front of the 
 memorial was bare of timl)er. Some young trees which have grown 
 up since somewhat obstruct the view, but wlien these shall be cut 
 away ( as will be done ) this memorial can be seen nearly the entire 
 length of the field. 
 
 First Cavalry, Companies A and C: At General Pleasonton's 
 headquarters, near the Taneytown Road. The headquarters of General 
 Meade, on the same road, are about a quarter of a mile nearer town. 
 The Battle Field Memorial Association now owns a strip of land 
 extending from ( and including ) the Pleasonton headquarters on the 
 Taneytown Road westward over Cemetery Ridge to the Emmittsburg 
 Road. An avenue will be opened on this strip across tlie Ridge from 
 the one road to the other, giving access to the Pleasonton Headquar- 
 ters by three of the principal battle field thoroughfares. This will 
 make those Headquarters a very desirable site for all the cavalry 
 memorials of regiments ( of which there are several ) liaving no line 
 of battle position on the field. Those of the First and Sixth Ohio 
 Cavalry being the first to be located there, they had the first choice of 
 positions, and they obtained the best. Companies A and C, as their 
 legend narrates, were chiefly engaged in furnishing bearers of dis- 
 patches during the battle. 
 
 Sixth Cavalry : About seventy yards to the right of the memoi-ial 
 of the First Cavalry, and equidistant from the road. Directly to tlie 
 rear the ground, which is open, slopes upward to Cemetery Ridge. 
 The foundation of this memorial is well raised, and its beautiful 
 lettering and spirited carvings are displayed with fine effect. The 
 relations of this regiment to the battle, and its participation in the 
 campaign are succinctly stated in its legend. 
 
 23 
 
^ounbattons 
 
 The foundations of the monuments, when not consisting of 
 natural rock, have been carried below the frost line, and have also 
 been raised sufficiently above the natural surface to turn otF the water 
 and afford good display of the work. The ground around them has 
 been neatly mounded up and sodded. 
 
 inscriptions anb (£arr>ings 
 
 It has been a matter of special care to secure simplicity and 
 historical correctness in the inscriptions, and also distinct, durable, 
 and artistic carving. This has necessitated a great deal of investiga- 
 tion, correspondence, and watchful supervision, and the results are, on 
 the whole, highly satisfactory. The carvings are much admired, and 
 some of them are considered very hne works of art. The legends, 
 without being diffuse, are comj)rehensive, legible, and appropriate. As 
 these are probably the only special memorials of this kind which the 
 organizations concerned will ever have, it was deemed proper to 
 inscribe each one with an outline of general service, in addition to the 
 Gettysburg legend. This outline embraces a list of the j)rincipal 
 battles in which the organization represented took part, the dates of 
 its muster-in and muster-out, and, in a few cases, its aggregate 
 strength and loss during the war. 
 
 The Gettysburg legend, usually occupying the front and right 
 hand ( sometimes also the left hand ) panels, states the name of the 
 organization, its brigade, division and army corps assignment, and its 
 service, strength, and loss during the battle. In all cases credit is 
 conspicuously given to the State on the front of the monuments for 
 their erection. 
 
 The dimensions, legends, and carvings of the memorials are as 
 follows : 
 
 ^ourtl] 3nfantry 
 
 Material — White bronze. 
 Dimensions — 
 
 First base —7 feet x 7 feet x 2 feet. 
 
 Second base aud plinth — 5 feet 6 Inches x 5 feet 6 inches x 3 feet one inch. 
 Pedestal — 3 feet 9 inches x 3 feet 9 inches x 5 feet 10 inches. 
 
 24 
 
Mo^£j^r.:Ci>,My 
 
Die — 3 feet 3 iiifhes x 2 feet 8 inches x 9 feet 5 inches. 
 
 Capital — 1 foot 3 inches x 1 foot 3 inches x 2 feet 10 inches. 
 
 Statue — 6 feet C inches hi^h. 
 
 Base of statue — 1 foot 4 inches x 1 foot 4 inches x 1 foot 4 inches. 
 
 Total height -30 feet. 
 
 LEGENDS AND CARVINGS 
 
 On (•a])ital, lour sides: Oliio. 
 
 At centre of die, lour sides: A trefoil (Second ('ori)s badiie), sur- 
 rounded by a wreath. 
 
 On base of die: Front face, Ohio coat of arras; rear face, Xalional 
 coat of arms; ri-;lil face, stand ol" National colors; lel't lace, stand of 
 muskets. 
 
 Front side of pedestal : Fourth Ohio Infantry, First Briiiade, 
 Tliird Division, Second Corps. 
 
 Right side of pedestal: On the evening of July 2, 1S()8, CVirroirs 
 Brigade was sent from its position with the Second Corps to re-enforce 
 this portion of the line, and this monument marks the jjosition where, 
 as part of that In-igade, the Fourth Ohio Infantry at that time partici- 
 pated in repelling an attack of the enemy. 
 
 Left side of pedestal : Gettysburg, July 2, 3, 18(53. 
 
 KILLED 
 
 Capt. Samuel J. Shoub, Co. I. Private Asa 0. Davis, Co. G. 
 Lieut. Addison H. Fdgar, Co. G. David W. Collins, Co. G. 
 
 Corp. John Del)olt, Co. B. Andrew Myers, Co. G. 
 
 Private James W. Harl, Co. A. Simon Rollenson, Vo. I. 
 
 William Bain, Co. G. Jacob Sheak, Co. I. 
 
 George H. Martin, Co. G. Henry AV . Stark, Co. 1. 
 
 WOUNDED 
 
 Capt. Peter Grubb, Co. G. Private IMicliael Hermann, Co. G. 
 
 Sergt. M. V. B. Longworth, Co. G. Henry P. Pleitfer, Co. G. 
 
 Cor]). Lyman S. Ensign, Vo. F. Wm. Shinderwolf, Co. G. 
 
 Private Wm. D. Breyfogle, Co. C. (George W. Wilcox, Co. G. 
 
 Samuel Wells, Co. C. John Winstead, Co. 1. 
 
 Finley Bain, Co. C. Jacob Boyer, Co. K. 
 
 James Holloway, Co. D. Joseph Short, Co. K. 
 
 Reason Gillinore, Co. G. 
 
Rear of pedestal: 
 
 PRINCIPAL ENGAGEMENTS 
 
 Rich Mountain. Robertson's Tavern. 
 
 Romney. Mine Run. 
 
 Blue's Gap. Morton's Ford. 
 
 Winchester. Wilderness. 
 
 Front Royal. Laurel Hill. 
 
 Harrison's Landing. Spottsylvania. 
 
 Fredericksburg. Ny River. 
 
 Chancellorsville. North Anna River. 
 
 Gettysburg. Totopotomoy. 
 
 Bristoe Station. Cold Harbor. 
 
 On plinth to pedestal, four sides : Carroll's Brigade. 
 
 On front of second base : Ohio's Tribute. 
 
 On rear of second base : Organized for three months' service at 
 Columbus, Ohio, April 21, 1861. Reorganized for three years' service 
 at Camp Dennison, Ohio, June 5, 18'31. Mustered out at expiration of 
 term of service, June 22, 1864. 
 
 On right of second base : Companies A and B from Mt. Vernon, 
 Knox County. Companies C and I from Delaware, Delaware County. 
 Companies D and G from Kenton, Hardin County. 
 
 On left of second base : Companies H and K from Marion, Marion 
 County. Company E from Wooster, Wayne County. Company F 
 from Canton, Stark County. 
 
 On flanking posts — front: Right, Fourth O. V. I. Left, Fourth 
 O. V. I. On top of each post, a trefoil, in relief. 
 
 ^ourtl] 3nfantry — Companies (5 anb 3 
 
 Material — White bronze. 
 
 Dimensions — First base, 2 feet 3 inches x 2 feet 3 inches. 
 
 Total height 6 feet 5 inches. 
 
 LEGENDS AND CARVINGS 
 
 Sides of lower j.se finished in imitation rock-facings, with ham- 
 mer-dressed margins. 
 
 26 
 
On front of pedestal : Companies G and 1, Fourtli Ohio Infantry, 
 First Brigade, Third Division, Second Corps. July 2. 1863. 
 
 Eight of pedestal : At 3 p. m., July 2, 18(>3, while the regiment 
 was lying on Cemetery Ridge, Companies O and I, Fourth Ohio 
 Infantry, detached under Captain Peter Grubb of Company G, 
 advanced to this position where, with severe loss, they engaged the 
 enemy during the remainder of the day. Late in the evening they 
 were withdrawn to the regiment on East Cemetery Hill. 
 
 Left of pedestal : In honor of her brave sons who fought here, 
 the State of Ohio erects this memorial. 
 
 Rear of pedestal : Pro Patria. 
 
 On front of shaft : A trefoil surrounded by a wreath, and above 
 it crossed Springtield muskets, all in relief. 
 
 On upper part of shaft: A cartridge box suspended l)y an 
 infantry belt. 
 
 On lianking posts — front: Right, Companies G and I, Fourth O. 
 V. I. Left, Companies G and I. Fourth O. V. I. A trefoil is cast 
 in relief on the top of each post. 
 
 ^iftl] 3nfantry 
 
 Material — Barre Vermont granite. 
 Dimensions — 
 
 First base — 6 feet x 6 feet x 1 foot 6 inches. 
 
 Second base — 4 feet 9 inches x 4 feet 9 inches x 1 foot. 
 
 Plinth— 4 feet x 4 feet x 1 foot 6 inches. 
 
 Die — 3 feet x 3 feet at base; 2 feet 9 in.x2 feet 9 in. at top; height, 4 feet 9 in. 
 
 Capital— 3 feet 8 inches x 3 feet 8 inches x 1 foot G inches. 
 
 Finial— 2 feet 4 inches x 2 feet 4 inches x 2 feet. 
 
 Total height — 12 feet 3 inches. 
 
 LEGENDS AND CARVINGS 
 
 On front of second base: Erected by the State of Ohio. 
 
 On front of die, in demi-relief: National flag crossing a Spring- 
 tield musket. 
 
 On capital, ibur sides: A live pointed star, the badge of the 
 Twelfth Corps. The star is eight inches in diameter, and carved 
 in relief. 
 
 27 
 
The finial represents two infantry knapsacks inclined together at 
 the top. In the front and rear angles between the knapsacks is carved 
 the image of an owl, the badge of the regiment. 
 
 On front of die, in circular line of raised letters, below emblem : 
 Boys^ keep the colors up — these words having been adopted as the 
 motto of the regiment after being spoken by Captain Whitcome of 
 Company E when mortally wounded in the battle of Winchester, 
 March 23, 1862. 
 
 On front and rear of plinth : Fifth Ohio Infantry, First Brigade, 
 Second Division, Twelfth Corps. 
 
 Right and left of plinth : Cincinnati Regiment. 
 
 Rear of die : Fifth Ohio Infantry, organized June 21, 1861 ; mus- 
 tered out July 26, 1865. 
 
 PRINCIPAL ENGAGEMENTS 
 
 Blue's Gap. Lookout Mountain. 
 
 Winchester, 1862. Rocky Face. 
 Lewiston, near Port Republic. Resaca. 
 
 Cedar Mountain. New Ho^^e Church, 
 
 Antietam. Little Kenesaw. 
 
 Dumfries. Peach Tree Creek. 
 
 Chancellorsville. Atlanta. 
 
 Gettysburg. Savannah. 
 Wauhatchie. • Carolina Campaign. 
 
 Right of die : Fifth Ohio Infantry. Arriving in position at 
 5 p. M., July 1, was detached and held extreme left of line on north 
 side of little Round Top. Morning of July 2 moved to Gulp's Hill, 
 and at evening moved as far as Rock Creek to re-enforce the left. 
 Returned to Gulp's Hill during the night, and on the morning of July 
 3 was engaged where this monument stands until 11 a. m. in repulsing 
 the enemy and retaking the LTnion works. 
 
 Left of. die : Fifth Ohio Infantry, Gettysburg, July 1, 2, 3, 1863. 
 Present for duty 315. Killed 2. Wounded 16. Total loss 18. 
 
 On flanking posts — front: Right, Fifth O. V. I. Left, Fifth 
 0. Y. I. A five ]3ointed star, in relief, being carved on each post 
 between the lines of the legend. 
 
ScDcntl] 3nfautry 
 
 Material — liose Westerly granite, with base of JJlue "Westerly. 
 Dimensions — 
 
 First base — 8 feet x 8 feet x 10 inches. 
 
 Second base — 5 feet 2 inches x 5 feet 2 inches x 1 foot 3 inches. 
 
 Third base — 5 feet 6 inches x 5 feet (i inches at l)Ottom x 1 foot 2 inches. 
 
 Die — 4 feet 1 inch x 4 feet 1 inch x 5 feet 10 inches x 3 feet inches. 
 
 Capital as per tracing and design. 
 
 Total height, 12 feet 3 inches. 
 
 This memorial is finished in castellated style, and bears on its 
 front a bronze medallion representiiiii the Ohio coat of arms. In a 
 corresponding position on the rear of the die is a medallion of the 
 same size and material, representing in bas-relief the image of a 
 rooster, with the inscription : Badge of the Seventh Ohio Infantry. 
 
 LEGENDS AND CARVINGS 
 
 On front panel of die: A live-pointed star, and l)elow it the 
 legend: Seventh Ohio Infantry, First Brigade, Second Division, 
 Twelfth Corps, July 1, 2, 3, 1863. 
 
 Eight panel of die : Sevt ath Ohio Infantry. Arrived near Little 
 Round Top, evening of July 1. On July 2 held positions on Oulp's 
 Hill from morning until 6 p. m., then moved with Brigade to support 
 the left. Returned at midnight to nip's Hill, and remained there 
 until the close of the battle. 
 
 Left panel of die: Seventh Ohio Infantry. Served with the 
 National armies in Virginia, and in the Antietam and Gettysburg 
 campaigns. Was transferred in September, 1863, to the Army of 
 the C'Umberland, and served with that army until June, 1864. 
 
 Rear panel of die: Seventh Ohio Infantry. Mustered in for 
 three months April 30, 1861. Mustered in for three years June 21, 
 1861. Mustered out in June, 1864. 
 
 On band above panel on right hand side of die : Bidce et 
 Decorum Est Pro Patria Mori. 
 
 On corresponding band on left hand side : Ohio Honors Her 
 Brave Sons. 
 
 On sloping front of third base: A carving in demi-relief, rep- 
 resenting crossed muskets and wreath. 
 
 On Hanking jwsts — front : Right, Seventh O. Y. I. Lett, Sev- 
 enth 0. V. I. A five pointed star being carved on each post between 
 
 the lines of the legend. 
 
 29 
 
€igl|tb infantry 
 
 Material — Concord granite. 
 Dimensions — 
 
 First base — 5 feet 5 inches x 5 feet 5 inches x 1 foot 3 inches. 
 
 Second base — 4 feet 2 inches x 4 feet 2 inches x 1 foot. 
 
 First die — 3 feet 4 inches x 3 feet 4 inches x 2 feet. 
 
 Second die — 2 feet 4 inches x 2 feet 4 inches x 1 foot 8 inches. 
 
 Third die — 2 feet x 2 feet x 2 feet 6 inches. 
 
 Capital— 2 feet x 2'/4 inches x 2 feet 2^ inches x 1 foot 2 inches. 
 
 Plinth — 1 foot 5 inches x 1 foot 5 inches x 5 inches. 
 
 Statue — 5 feet high. 
 
 Total height — 15 feet. 
 
 LEGENDS AND CARVINGS 
 
 Front of second die : 8th Ohio Iniantry, 1st Brigade, 3d Division, 
 2d Corps, July 2, 3, 1863. 
 
 Right of second die: The 8th Ohio Infantry under Lieut. Col. 
 Franklin Sawyer, took this position at 1 p. m., July 2, after a brief 
 skirmish, and held it July 2 and 3. During Longstreefs assault, 
 July 3, the regiment advanced, and by left wheel attacked the enemy 
 in flank, capturing three flags and numerous prisoners. 
 
 Left of second die: 8th 0;i'o Infantry, July 2, 3, 1863. Engaged, 
 209 ; killed, 18 ; wounded, 83 ; missing, 1 ; total loss, 102. 
 
 Rear of second die : The 8th Ohio Infantry was organized for 3 
 months April 29, and for 3 years June 24, 1861. It took part in 
 the battles of Romney, Winchester (18J2), South Mountain, Antie- 
 tam, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold 
 Harbor, Petersburg, and many other important engagements. Was 
 mustered out July 13, 1864. 
 
 Front of second base : Ohio's Tribute. 
 
 Front of lirst die: Ohio Coat of Arms. 
 
 On four panels of capital : A trefoil. 
 
 On base of statue : 38 five-pointed stars, viz : in front, 9 in 
 rear, and 10 on each side. 
 
 On flanking posts — front: 8th O. V. I., right. 8th 0. V. I., 
 left. A trefoil in relief being carved on each post between the lines 
 
 of the legend. 
 
 30 
 
Ci»enty=fiftl] 3nfantry 
 
 Material — Blue Westerly granite. 
 Dimensions — 
 
 First base — 8 feet x 5 feet 1 inch x 1 foot 3 incties. 
 Second base— 6 feet 3 inches x 3 feet 4 inches x 11 inches. 
 Die — 5 feet 7 inches x 2 feet 8 inches x 3 feel 2 inches. 
 Total height — 5 feet 4 inches. 
 
 Flanking posts — 
 
 Depth below grade line— 2 feet 6 inches. 
 
 Size above grade line — 1 foot 6 inches x 10 inches x 1 foot 8 inches. 
 
 LEGENDS AND CARVINGS 
 
 This regiment and the 75th Inlantry have joint inscriptions. 
 Those on the 25th memorial, on Barlow's Knoll, are : 
 
 On front of die: 25th and 75th Ohio Inlantry, 2d Brigade, 1st 
 Division, 11th Corps. This monument marks the left flank of the 
 25th and the right flank of the 75th Ohio Infantry, July 1, 18B3. 
 
 Front of second base: This monument is erected by the State 
 of Ohio. 
 
 Front and rear gal)le on top of die : A crescent in relief. 
 
 Right end of die: Gettysburg, July 1, 2, 3, 1863. 25th Ohio 
 Infantry. Engaged, 220; killed, 16; wounded, 96; missing, 71; total 
 loss, 183. 75th Ohio Infantry: Engaged, 269; killed or mortally 
 wounded, 38; additional wounded, 62; missing, 86; total loss, 186. 
 
 Left end of die : 25th Ohio Infantry. Organized for 3 years 
 November 7, 1861. Re-enlisted for 3 years January, 1864. Mustered 
 out June 18<)6. 75th Ohio Infantry: Organized for 3 years November 
 7, 1861. Mustered out and battalion organized January 17, 1865. 
 Battalion mustered out July 27, 1865. 
 
 Rear of die : Arriving at Gettysburg from Emmittsburg July 1, 
 1863, the 25th and 75th Ohio Infantry advanced beyond the town, 
 under a heavy cannonade. Took position here, supporting Battery 
 G, 4th U. S. Artillery. During July 2 and 3, they held an advanced 
 line on East Cemetery Hill, and early July 4 led the advance into 
 the town. 
 
 On flanking posts — front : Right, 25th O. V. I. Left, 25th O. V. I. 
 
 A crescent (the badge of the Eleventh Corps) is carved on each 
 post. 
 
 The flanking posts have been used to mark the line held by the 
 
 regiment, July 2 and 3, on Cemetery Hill. 
 
 31 
 
Material — Ryegate granite. 
 Dhnensions — 
 
 First base — 10 feet x 4 feet 6 inches x 1 foot 4 inches. 
 Second base — 8 feet inches x 3 feet x 1 foot 6 inches. 
 Die — 8 feet x 3 feet 6 inches x 6 feet 8 inches. 
 Total height — 9 feet 6 inches. 
 
 LEGENDS AND CARVINGS 
 
 A triaiigiilar projection from the front of tlie die represents the 
 front of a " wall " tent with canvas folded back, disclosing stacked 
 muskets with canteen, cartridge-box, drum, and knapsack, the latter 
 bearing the figures 29, in relief. 
 
 On front of die, in a curved line, one-half on either side of the 
 triangular projection, the legend, in large raised letters: 29th Ohio 
 Infantry. 
 
 On front of second base : 1st Brigade 2d Division 12th Corps. 
 This memorial is erected by the State of Ohio. 
 
 Right of second base : Gettysburg, July 2 and 3, 1868. Engaged, 
 332; killed, 7; wounded, 31 — 2 mortally; total loss, 38. 
 
 Left of second base: Mustered in for 3 years, x\ugust to 
 December, 1861. Re-enlisted as veterans December 10, 1863. Mus- 
 tered out July 8 to 13, 1865. 
 
 Rear of second base : The Twenty-ninth Ohio Infantry, com- 
 manded by Captain Edward Hayes, J. B. Storer Adjutant, occupied 
 several positions in this vicinity, both in the intrenchments and in 
 reserve, July 2 and 3, 1863. 
 
 In triangular space on rear of die, corresponding with similar 
 space on front, tlie legend : 
 
 PRINCIPAL BATTLES 
 
 Winchester, 1862. New Hope Church. 
 
 Port Republic, June 9, 1862. Pine Mountain. 
 
 Cedar Mountain. Kenesaw Mountain. 
 
 Chancellorsville. Peach Tree Creek. 
 
 Gettysburg. Atlanta. 
 
 Lookout Mountam. ^ Savannah. 
 
 Dug Gap in Rocky Face. ,-. ,. ,. 
 
 „ ^ Carolina Campaign. 
 
 Resaca. 
 
 33 
 
In top aiiii'le ol' lent, on iront of die: A five-pointed star, in 
 relief. 
 
 ( )n Hanking posts — front : Riiiht, 2!)th O. Y. I. Lelt, 2!Uli O. Y. I. 
 A live-pointed star is carved, in relief, on the top oi" each post. 
 
 ^tfhj^fiftl] 3nfantrij 
 
 Material — Ohio blue sandstone, known as clear rock. 
 Dimensions — 
 
 First base — 6 feet x 6 feet x 2 feet. 
 
 Second base — 4 feet 6 inches x 4 feet 6 inches x2 feet 4 inches. 
 
 Die — 3 feet 2 in. x 3 feet 2 in. at base; proportionally larger at top; 7 feet 4 inches high • 
 
 C pital— 2 feet S inches x 2 feet 8 inches x 2 feet. 
 
 Total height — 13 feet 4 inches. 
 
 LEGENDS AND CARVINGS 
 
 On front panel of capital : A crescent, in relief. 
 
 On rear panel of capital: A five-pointed star, in relief. 
 
 On front of die, lower part : A carving in alto relief, represent- 
 ing an ini'antry soldier in fatigne uniform, reclining on one knee, 
 behind a stone wall, and in the act of firing. 
 
 On rear of die : A carving, in demi relief, representing regi- 
 mental flags, shield, and stacked muskets. 
 
 On front of die, above carving: 5.5th Ohio Infantry. 
 
 Front of second base : The figures 55, surrounded by a wreath 
 of oak leaves, and below this carving the legend, 2d Brigade, 2d 
 Division, 11th Corps. 
 
 Right of die: 55th Oliio Infantry. Arrived at 2.20 i>. jr., July 
 1, in this position, which it held throughout the battle. With severe 
 loss, its skirmishers drove back those of the enemy and seized a barn 
 between the lines, where twelve ol' its men were surrounded and 
 captured by the enemy's main line. Casualties: Six killed, thirty- 
 one wounded, twelve missing. 
 
 Left of die: 55th (^hio Infantry. Organized tor ?> years at 
 Norwalk, Ohio, autumn of 18(>1. Served in the JMountain Depart- 
 ment, 1st Corps, Army of Yirginia, and 11th Corps, Army of the 
 Potomac. Was transferred in Septeml)er, 18<53, to Army of the 
 
 C3 
 
Cumberland. Served in Grant's Chattanooga campaign, and with the 
 20th Corps in Sherman's Georgia and Carolina campaigns. Mustered 
 out July 11, 1865. 
 
 Rear of die, below carving : 5.5th Ohio Inf antrv. 
 
 Front of first base : Erected by the State of Ohio. 
 
 On ilanking posts — front : Right, 55th 0. V. I. Left, 55th O. V. I. 
 On top of the right post a crescent, and on top of the left post a 
 five-pointed star, is carved in relief. 
 
 Stxty=first 3nfantry 
 
 Material -^Concord granite. 
 Dimensions — 
 
 First base — 6 feet x 6 feet x 1 foot 2 inches. 
 
 Secoud base — 5 feet x 5 feet x 10 inches. 
 
 Third base — 4 feet 6 inches x 4 feet 6 inches x 1 foot 4 inches. 
 
 Pedestal —3 feet 6 inches x 3 feet 6 inches at base; 3 feet 4 inches x 3 feet 4 inches at top; 
 
 -Z feet 8 inches high. 
 Capital to pedestal — 4 feet 2 inches x 4 feet 2 inches x 1 foot 4 inches. 
 Plinth — 3 feet x 3 feet x 10 inches. 
 Die — 2 feet 6 inches x 2 feet 6 inches at base; 2 feet 4 inches x 2 feet 4 inches at top; 4 
 
 feet 4 inches high. 
 Capital — 2 feet 10 inches x 2 feet 10 inches x 1 foot 4 inches. 
 Finial — 1 foot 8 inches x 1 foot 8 inches x 1 foot 8 inches. 
 Total height — 15 feet 6 inches. 
 
 LEGENDS AND CARVINGS 
 
 On front and rear centre of capital to pedestal : A crescent, in 
 relief. 
 
 On front of die : Crossed Springfield muskets, with cartridge-boxes, 
 in demi-relief. 
 
 The finial is carved on its upper surface to represent an infantry 
 knapsack inclined to the front, and is inscribed : 61st O. V. V. I. 
 
 On front of third base : 61st Ohio Infantry. 
 
 Front of second base : 1st Brigade, 3d Division, 11th Corps. 
 
 Front of first base : Erected by the State of Ohio. 
 
 Front of pedestal: The 61st Ohio Infantry, on arriving from 
 Emmittsburg about one o'clock p. m. July 1, 1863, was deployed as a 
 skirmish line in advance of its brigade, and moved towards Oak Hill, 
 Later it supported a section of Dilger's Battery, and engaged the 
 enemy on this ground. After an obstinate contest it withdrew with 
 the 11th Corps to Cemetery Hill. On the evening of July 2 it moved 
 
 U 
 
to the at^sistaiice of tlie 1 2th (V)rps on ( 'nip's Hill, and retnrning lay 
 on Cemetery Hill dnriiii;- the remainder oT the hat lie. 
 
 Rij2;ht of pedestal : 61st Ohio Infantry. (Jettyshnrg-, July 1, 2, 8, 
 1863. Present for duty, 30i); killed, 6; wounded, 86; missinj;-, 12; 
 total loss, 54. 
 
 Lett of i)edestal : The 61st Ohio Infantry was orpmized by 
 companies from various parts of Ohio in April and May, 18)2. It 
 re-enlisted as a ve-teran regiment from January to April, 1864. Was 
 consolidated with the 82d Ohio Infantry March 81, 1865, and was mus- 
 tered out July 24, 1865. 
 
 Rear of pedestal : 
 
 PRINCIPAL ENGAGEMENTS 
 
 Freeman's Ford. Resaca. 
 
 Warrenton Sulphur Springs. New Hope Church. 
 
 Groveton. Gulp's Farm. 
 
 Chancellorsville. Peach Tree Creek. 
 
 Gettysburg. Atlanta. 
 
 Wauhatchie. Sandersville. 
 
 Mission Ridge. Monteith Swamp. 
 
 Relief of Knoxville. Savannah. 
 Bentonville. 
 
 The flanking poists have been used to mark the line (now within 
 the National Cemetery) which was held by the regiment July 2 and 8. 
 They are inscribed: Right, 61st O. V. I. July 2, 8, 1868. Lett, 61st 
 O. V. I. July 2, 8, 1868. On each post is carved a crescent five 
 inches long and sunk one-eighth inch. 
 
 Sixtij=sixtl] 3nfantry 
 
 Material — Concord granite. 
 Dimensions — 
 
 First base — 5 feet 8 inches x 5 feet 8 inches x 1 foot G inches. 
 
 Second base — 4 feet 3 inches x 4 feet 3 inches x 1 foot 1 inch. 
 
 Plinth to pedestal — 4 feet 2 inches x 4 feet 2 inches x 11 inches. 
 
 Pedestal —3 feet x 3 feet x 2 feet 6 inches. 
 
 Lower plinth to die — 2 feet 10 inches x 2 feet 10 inches x 8 inches. 
 
 Upper plinth to die — 2 feet 2 inches x 2 feet 2 inches x 9 inches. 
 
 Die —2 feet 2 inches x 2 feet 2 inches x 3 feet 6 inches. 
 
 Plinth of capital — 2 feet x 2 feet x 1 foot. 
 
 Capital — 3 feet x 3 feet x 2 feet 8 inches. 
 
 Total height — 14 feet 7 inches. 
 
 35 
 
LEGENDS AND CARVINGS 
 
 Front of die : Crossed Springfield muskets, with cartridge-box and 
 belt suspended therefrom, all carved in demi-relief. 
 
 On plinth to capital, four sides : A five-pointed star, seven inches 
 in diameter, carved in relief. 
 
 Front of pedestal : 66 Ohio Infantry. 
 
 On sloping front of plinth to pedestal : 1st Brigade, 2d Division, 
 12th Corps. 
 
 On front of second base : Ohio's tribute. 
 
 Right of pedestal : The 66th Ohio Infantry arrived in position 
 just north of Little Round Top at 3 p. m. July 1. Morning of July 
 2 moved to Culp's Hill and intrenched. At daybreak July 3 advanced 
 over the Union breastworks, and with right here and left at tablet 
 below, opened an enfilading fire upon the enemy. 
 
 Left of pedestal : — 
 
 PRINCIPAL ENGAGEMENTS 
 
 Port Republic, June 9, 1862. Ringgold. 
 
 Cedar Mountain. Dug Gap in Rocky Face. 
 
 Antietam. Resaca. 
 
 Dumfries. New Hope Church. 
 
 Chancellorsville. Pine Mountain. 
 
 Gettysburg, Kenesaw Mountain. 
 
 Lookout Mountain. Peach Tree Creek. 
 
 Mission Ridge. ^ , Atlanta. 
 
 iSavannah. 
 
 Rear of pedestal : The 66th Ohio Infantry was mustered into 
 service for three years December 17, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran 
 regiment December 16, 1863, and was mustered out July 15, 1865. 
 Total enrolled, 1,334: killed, 117; died, 167; wounded, 320. 
 
 The tablet marking the center of the line held by the regiment 
 outside the Union breastworks July 3, rests upon a large granite 
 boulder and is thus inscribed: 66th O. Y. I., July 3, 1863. Here 
 Major J. G. Palmer fell mortally wounded. Casualties in this position : 
 Killed, 1 ; wounded, 17. 
 
 On flanking-posts, front : Right of line, 66th O. V. I. Left of 
 
 line, 66th 0. Y. I. Between the lines of the legend on each post is 
 
 earved a five-pointed star. 
 
 36 
 
M\im.'.\, 
 
 JWO MOVES 
 
 ,.„,„„ ...,X«?aiitSttp?oM6fi 
 
 ' »HcflOS!IFO».S:«4SaATT£RS AND 
 E«*(if » T»E ENtW- CK T>H!i ftROUKS. 
 
 AF lEH AK ogSTthA-re CQurssr it 
 
 hiTHDtfrt Wire Tl C llTtiMSP* TO 
 rt'lFTtPt Kill «3 TKr tvESINe 
 
5ct)enty=tl|irc) 3nfantry 
 
 Material — Barre Vermont granite. 
 Dimensions — 
 
 First base— 6 feet x 6 feet x 1 foot 6 inches. 
 Second base — 4 feet 6 inches x 4 feet 6 inches x 1 foot 8 inches. 
 Die — 3 feet 7 inches x 3 feet 7 inches at base: C feet 10 inches high. 
 Total height — 10 feet. 
 
 LEGENDS AND CARVINGS 
 
 The upper part of tlie die is so carved as to appear as if draped 
 with the National flag. The stars and stripes in the flag are polished. 
 This is acknowledged to be one of the most artistic and beautiful 
 specimens of carving on the field. 
 
 On front of die : A crescent in relief, and below it, in raised 
 letters, the legend: 73d Ohio Infantry, 2d Brigade, 2d Division, 11th 
 Corps. 
 
 On front of second base: Erected by the State of Ohio. 
 
 Right of die: Gettysburg, July 1, 2, 3, 1863. Engaged, 338; 
 killed, 21; mortally wounded, 19; additional wounded, 104; missing, 
 1; total loss, 145. 
 
 Left of die : Organized at Chillicothe, Ohio. Mustered in 
 December 30, 1861. Mustered out July 20, 1865. Original strength, 
 891; total enrolled, 1,284; killed, 156; wounded, 568; died, 129. 
 
 Rear of die — 
 
 PRINCIPAL ENGAGEMENTS 
 
 Bull Pasture Mountain. Resaca. 
 
 Cross Keys. New Hope Church. 
 
 Cedar Mountain. Kenesaw Mountain. 
 
 Groveton. Peach Tree Creek, 
 
 Chancellorsville. Atlanta. 
 
 Gettysburg. March to the Sea. 
 
 Wauhatchie. Savannah. 
 
 Mission Ridge. ,, ^ .„ Averasboro. 
 
 Bentonville. 
 
 On rear of second base : 1st Corps A. V. 11th Corps A. P. 20th 
 Corps A. C. 
 
 On flanking posts : Right, 73d O. V. I. Left, 73d 0. V. I. On 
 top of each post a crescent is carved in relief. 
 
 37 
 
Ser»enty=ftftl^ infantry 
 
 Material — Concord granite. 
 Dimensions — 
 
 First base — 7 feet x 7 feet x 2 feet. 
 
 Second base — 5 feet x 5 feet x 1 foot 4 inches. 
 
 Ttiird base — 4 feet 8 inches x4 feet 8 inches x 1 foot 10 inches. 
 
 Die — 3 ft. 2in.x3 ft. 2 in. at bottom; 2 ft. 10 in. x2 ft. 10 in. at top; 4 ft. Sin. high. 
 
 Capital — 4 feet x 4 feet x 3 feet 2 inches. 
 
 Point — 2 feet 8 inches x 2 feet 8 inches x 3 feet. 
 
 Total heighi — 16 feet. 
 
 LEGENDS AND CARVINGS 
 
 On I'ront of die: 25tli and 75tli Ohio Infantry, 2d Brigade, 1st 
 Division, 11th Corps. 
 
 Front of third base : 25th 75th, surrounded by wreaths ol' hiurel 
 intertwined. 
 
 Front of second base : Erected by the State of Ohio. 
 
 Front of capital : Ohio Honors Her Brave Sons, with the State 
 coat of arms carved between the lines of tlie legend. 
 
 On front and rear pediments of the point. A crescent in relief. 
 
 Right of die : After a severe battle in the open fields beyond 
 Gettysburg on July 1, 1863, the 11th Corps withdrew to Cemetery 
 Hill, and at dark on July 2 this position was held by the 25th 
 and 75th Ohio Infantry when Early's Confederate Division assaulted 
 this hill and broke the Union line to the right, but was repulsed 
 after a desperate hand-to-hand conflict. 
 
 Lelt of die: Gettysburg, July 1, 2, 3, 1863. 25th Ohio Infantry. 
 Engaged, 220; killed or mortally wounded, 16; wounded, 96; missing, 
 71; total loss, 183. 75th Ohio Infantry. Engaged, 269; killed or 
 mortally wounded, 38; wounded, 62; missing, 86; total loss, 186. 
 
 Rear of die : 25th Ohio Infantry. Organized for three years, 
 June, 1861. Re-enlisted for three years, January, 1864. Mustered 
 out June 18, 1866. 75th Ohio Infantry. Organized for three years, 
 November 7, 1861. Mustered out and Battalion organized, January 
 17, 1865. Battalion mustered out July 27, 1865. 
 
 On flanking posts: Right, 75th O. Y. I., July 2, 3, 1863. Left, 
 75th O. V. I., July 2, 3, 1863. On each post a crescent is carved, 
 in relief. 
 
 38 
 
€iabty =scconb 3nfantry 
 
 Material — Concord Granite. 
 Dimensions — 
 
 First base— ti feet x 6 feet x 1 foot 10 inches. 
 
 Second base — 4 feet 6 inches x 4 feet 6 inches x 2 feet 3 inches. 
 
 Plinth to die — 3 feet 6 inches x .3 feet 6 inches x 2 feet. 
 
 Die — 2 feet 6 inches x 2 feet G inches x 4 feet 4 inches. 
 
 Plinth to Capital— 2 feet 3 inches x 2 feet 3 inches x 1 foot 2 inches. 
 
 Capital— 3 feet 8 inches x 3 feet 8 inches x 1 foot 8 inches. 
 
 Point — 2 feet 4 inches x 2 feet 4 inches x 2 feet 4 inches. 
 
 Total height — 15 feet 7 inches. 
 
 LEGENDS AND CARVINGS 
 
 On I'ront and rear of plinth to die: A carving in alto-reliel', 
 representiiii;' an infantry knapsack, belt, cartridge box and canteen. 
 
 On front and rear of capital : 82, surrounded by a wreatli oi' 
 oak leaves, all in strong relief. 
 
 On front and rear of plinth to capital : Ohio. 
 
 Right of plinth to capital : 11 Corps A. P. 
 
 Left of plinth to capital : 20 Corps A. C. 
 
 On the projecting shields, on second base, from lelt to right 
 around the monument: P'ront, No. 1 — 82 Ohio Infantry. Front, 
 No. 2 — 2 Brigade, 3 Division, 11 Corps. Right, No. 1 — Krzyza- 
 nowski's Brigade, 11 Corps A. P. Right, No. 2 — Tyndale's Brigade, 
 11 Corps A. P. Rear, No. 1 — Schenck's Brigade, Mount'n Dept. 
 Rear, No. 2 — Milroy's Brigade, 1st Corps A. Y. Left, No. 1 — Rob- 
 inson's Brigade, 20 Corps A. C. Left, No. 2 — Robinson's Brigade, 
 20 Corps A. G. 
 
 On front of die : The 82d Ohio Infantry, arriving from Emmitts- 
 burg at noon, July 1, 1863, moved rapidly to the support of Dilger's 
 Battery near the Carlisle Road. At 3 ?. m. changed front to the right 
 and advanced to a position 125 yards in front of this monument, 
 where, exposed both front and tiank to a severe tire, it engaged the 
 enemy then approaching from York. After an obstinate struggle, 
 the regiment, being outflanked on both sides, withdrew to Cemetery 
 Hill, where it remained until the close of the battle. 
 
 On front of second base, between the shields : Erected by the 
 State of Ohio. 
 
 39 
 
Right of die : 82d Ohio Infantry. Gettysburg, July 1, 2, 3, 1863. 
 Engaged. 258; lost, 181. Officers: Engaged, 22; killed, 4; wounded, 
 14 ; missing, 2 ; total lost, 20. Enlisted men : Engaged, 236 ; killed 
 or mortally wounded, 14 ; additional wounded, 71 ; missing, 76 ; total 
 loss, 161. 
 
 Left of die: 82 Ohio Infantry. Mustered in for 3 years at 
 Kenton, Ohio, December 31, 1861. Re-enlisted for 3 years as a veteran 
 regiment at Chattannooga, Tenn., January 1, 1864. Was mustered 
 out at Louisville, Ky., July 24, 1865. 
 
 Rear of die: 
 
 PRINCIPAL ENGAGEMENTS 
 
 Bull Pasture Mountain. Relief of Knoxville. 
 
 Cross Keys. Resaca. 
 
 Cedar Mountain. New Hope Church. 
 
 Freeman's Ford. Peach Tree Creek. 
 
 Waterloo Bridge. Atlanta. 
 
 Groveton. Sandersville. 
 
 Chancellorsville. Monteith Swamj). 
 
 Gettysburg. Savannah. 
 
 Wauhatchie. Averasboro. 
 
 Mission Ridge. Bentonville. 
 
 This regiment served in Schenck's Brigade in the Mountain 
 Department; Milroy's Brigade, 1st Corps Army of Virginia; Krzyza- 
 nowski's Brigade, 11th Corps, Army of the Potomac; Tyndale's 
 Brigade, 11th Corps, Army of the Potomac ; Robinson's Brigade, 20th 
 Corps, Armies of the Cumberland and Georgia. 
 
 The flanking posts have been used to mark the line held by the 
 regiment on Cemetery Hill July 2 and 3. The line thus marked lies 
 within the National Cemetery, extending from the main entrance 
 along the principal driveway, past the Reynolds monument. The 
 posts are inscribed: Right, 82 O. V. I. July 2, 3, 1863. Left, 
 Left, 82 O. V. I. July 2, 3, 1863. On the top of each post a crescent 
 is carved, in relief. 
 
 40 
 
(Dne I^unbreb ScDcntl] 3nfantry 
 
 Material — Hlue Westerly granite. 
 Dimensions — 
 
 First base — 7 feet x 4 feet inches x 1 foot. 
 Seeond base — 5 feet 11 inches x 3 feet 8 inches x 9 inches. 
 Plinth to die — ,5 feet S'j inches x 2 feet ll'^ inches x 1 foot. 
 Die —4 feet 5 inclies x 2 feet 2 inches x 1 foot 7 inches. 
 Plinth to capital — 4 feet 6 inches x2 feet 3 inches x .5 inches. 
 Capital — 5 feet 1 inch x2 feet 10 inches x 1 foots inches. 
 Total height— ti feet. 
 
 LEGENDS AND CARVINGS 
 
 On ti-ont and rear gable of capital: A crescent, in reliel*. 
 
 On plinth to capital, four sides: Leaf work, in relief, i)olislied. 
 
 On front of die: 107th Ohio Infantry, 2d Brigade, 1st Division, 
 11th Oorps. This memorial is dedicated by the surviving memljers 
 of the regiment to their fallen comrades. 
 
 On front of plinth to die : Ohio's Token of Gratitude. 
 
 Right face of die: The 107th Ohio Infantry was organized at 
 Cleveland, Ohio, September 9, 186:2, and mustered out of service at 
 Charleston, 8. C, July, 1S()5. Regimental commanders : 
 
 Colonel S. Meyer. Captain J. M. Lutz. 
 
 Lieut. Col. C. F. Mueller. Captain E. S. Meyer. 
 
 Major A. Vignos. Lieut. Col. J. S. Cooper. 
 Left face of die : 
 
 PRINCIPAL ENGAGEMENTS 
 
 Chancellorsville. Camp Finnegan, Fla., 1864. 
 
 Gettysburg. Devaux's Neck, S. C, 1864. 
 
 Hagerstown, ]\Id., 1863. Combahee Ferry, S. C, 1865. 
 
 Fort Wagner, S. C, 1864. Dingle's Mills, S. C, 1865. 
 
 John's Island, S. C, 18()4. Statesburg, S. C, 1865. 
 
 Swift Creek, S. C, 1865. 
 
 Rear of die : Tlie 107th Ohio Infantry left Emmittsburg at 8 a. m. 
 and reached Gettysburg at 1 p. m., July 1. Engaged the enemy with 
 the brigade, losing heavily. Subsequently fell back to East Cemetery 
 Hill, and there formed in front of Wiedrich's Battery. Evening of 
 July 2 participated in repulsing the attack of Hays' Louisiana Brigade, 
 Adjutant F. F. Young ca^jturing the colors of the 8th Louisiana 
 
 41 
 
Tigers." July 3 remained on East Cemetery Hill, exposed to tire 
 of sharpshooters and artillery. Early July 4 made a sortie to the 
 town. Number engaged in the battle, 480; killed, 23 ; wounded. Ill ; 
 missing, 77; total loss, 211. 
 
 The flanking posts have been used to mark the line held by the 
 regiment on Cemetery Hill July 2 and 3. They are inscribed : Right 
 of 107th O. V. I. Left of 107th O. V. I. 
 
 Many of the surviving members of this regiment have forwarded 
 petitions requesting the Commission to mark by a tablet the spot, on 
 Cemetery Hill, where the colors of the 8th Louisiana '' Tigers " were 
 captured by Adjutant Young, as recited in the legend. 
 
 Battery ^, ^'wst 0I]io Cigl^t Ctrttllery 
 
 Material — Blue Westerly granite. 
 Dimensions — 
 
 First base — 7 feet 6 inches x 5 feet 2 inches x 1 foot 4 inches. 
 
 Second ba&e — 5 feet 7 inches x 3 feet 3 inches x 1 foot 6 inches. 
 
 Die — 4 feet 5 inches x 2 feet 1 inch x 5 feet. 
 
 Total height — 7 feet 10 inches. 
 
 Planking posts — 1 foot 6 inches x 10 inclies x 1 foot 8 inches. 
 
 LEGENDS AND CARVINGS 
 
 On front of die at top : Crossed cannon on a shield, carved in bas 
 relief. 
 
 On rear of die, at top : Bronze medallion representing the Ohio 
 
 coat of arms, in bas relief. 
 
 Front of die, raised letters in a i)anel : Huntington's Battery H, 
 1st Ohio Light Artillery, 3d Volunteer Brigade, Artillery Reserve. 
 July 1, 2, 3, 1863. 
 
 On front of second base : Erected by the State of Ohio. 
 
 Rear of die, raised letters in a panel : Battery H, 1st Ohio Light 
 Artillery. Organized at Camp Dennison, Ohio, November 7, 1861. 
 Took part in twelve general engagements and the siege of Petersburg. 
 Was mustered out at Cleveland, Ohio, June 14, 1865. 
 
 Rear of second base : Loss at Gettysburg, 2 killed, 1 mortally 
 wounded, 4 wounded. 
 
 On flanking-posts front: Right, Battery H, First O. L. A. Left, 
 Battery H, First O. L. A. On each post is a relief carving of crossed 
 cannon in the gable above the legend. 
 
 43 
 
Battery 3, ^irst 0I|io 
 
 Material — Dark Quincy granite. 
 Dimensions — 
 
 First base — 5 feet 8 inches x 5 feet 8 inches x 2 feet. 
 
 Second base — 4 feet x 4 feet x 1 foot. 
 
 Pedestal — 3 feet x 3 feet x 2 feet 5 inches. 
 
 Plinth to die— 2 feet 8 inches x2 feet 8 inches x 1 foot 3 inches. 
 
 Die — 2 feet 3 inclies x 2 feet 3 inches x 2 feet 9 inches. 
 
 Capital — 3 feet x 3 feet x 1 foot 3 inches. 
 
 Cannon and shields— 2 feet 9 inches x 2 feet 9 inches x 2 feet 4 inclies. 
 
 Fascine and balls — 1 foot 2 inches x 1 foot 2 inches at base; 1 foot inches hit,'h. 
 
 Total height — 14 feet 6 inches. 
 
 LEGENDS AND CARVINGS 
 
 The capital is surmounted by a carved piece, in form resemblin<;- 
 a truncated pyramid, representing a cannon at. each of the four 
 corners, and a shield on each of the four sides. 
 
 On front and rear shield of cannon piece : A crescent in relief. 
 
 The linial represents an upright section of a fascine, surmounted 
 by a small pyramid of cannon balls. 
 
 On front of die, raised letters in a panel : Battery I, 1st Oliio 
 Light Artillery, Artillery Brigade, IJth Corps, (Japtain Hubert 
 Dilger. July 1, 2, 3, 1863. 
 
 On right of die : This battery, Captain Hubert Dilger command- 
 ing, marched with the 11th Corps from Emmittsburg to Gettys- 
 burg July 1. Advanced rapidly on the Carlisle Road, and having 
 taken position with four guns near this spot and two on tlie riglit of 
 the road, immediately engaged the enemy. See left face. 
 
 On left of die: Re-enforced by Wheeler's New York Battery, 
 Captain Dilger advanced twice from this position. Retired with the 
 11th Corps, but halted and again engaged the enemy l)efore crossing 
 the bridge into the town. During the remainder of the battle the 
 battery held the extreme right of Major Osl)()rii\s line on Cemeterv 
 Hill. Loss, 13 wounded. 
 
 Rear ol" die — 
 
 PRINCIPAL ENGAGEMENTS 
 
 Bull Pasture Mountain. Freeman's Ford. 
 
 Slrasburg. Warrentoii Su]i)Iiur Springs. 
 
 Cross Keys. Groveton. 
 
 Cedar Mountain. Chancellorsville. 
 
 43 
 
Gettysburg. New Hope Cliurcli. 
 
 Wauhatchie. Kenesaw Mountain. 
 
 Mission Ridge. Marietta. 
 
 Buzzard Roost. Peach Tree Creek. 
 
 Resaca. Atlanta. 
 
 On I'ront of pedestal, in a circular line above the polished panel : 
 Fidus et Audax. This legend having been incorrectly cut in raised 
 letters, it was necessary to require that it should be recut in sunken 
 letters. 
 
 In panel on I'ront of pedestal, upper line in circular form corres- 
 ponding with shape of panel : Erected by the State of Ohio. 
 On front and rear of second base : Ohio. 
 On right and left of second base : Dilger's Battery. 
 The right flanking post, which is placed on the right of the 
 Carlisle Road, and on the south side of the Eleventh Corps Avenue 
 at the point where that avenue crosses the road, is thus inscribed: 
 Right, Battery I, 1st O. L. A. Two guns were posted 100 yards in 
 rear of this tablet. 
 
 The left flanking post is placed on the north side of the Eleventh 
 Corps Avenue, directly in front of the monument, and is thus 
 inscribed: Left, Battery I, 1st O. L. A. Four guns were posted three 
 yards in rear of this tablet. 
 
 The top of each post bears a crescent in relief. 
 
 Battery K, ^irst ®l]to 
 
 Material — Light Quincy Granite. 
 Dimensions — 
 
 First base — 8 feet x 5 feet x 1 foot 6 inches. 
 
 Second base — 6 feet 10 inches x 3 feet x 1 foot 4 inches. 
 
 Die — 6 feet x 3 feet x 4 feet 8 inches. 
 
 Fiuial— 2 feet 6 inches x 1 foot 3 inches x 2 feet. 
 
 Total height — 9 feet 6 inches. 
 
 LEGENDS AND CARVINGS 
 
 The flnial is a carving . representing a pile of cannon balls sur- 
 mounted by an artillery saddle. 
 
 On right face of die : An artillery wheel and crossed rammers, 
 
 carved in alto relief. 
 
 4-1 
 
t *. ''W%f 
 
On leit lace of die : Crossed sabres and wreath, carved in 
 alto relief. 
 
 On eacli corner of the die : A cannon standinji; nprig-ht, breech 
 downwards, the mnzzle surmounted by a ball, all in alto relief. 
 On front pediment of die: A crescent, in relief. 
 
 On front of die, upper part: Battery K, 1st Ohio Li^ht Artillery, 
 Artillery Brigade 11th Corps. 
 
 On front of die, below the foregoing legend : Arriving about 
 noon, July 1, 1863, this Battery, Captain Lewis Heckman eom- 
 mauding, went into position here in reserve. When the 11th Cor])s 
 began to retire, it engaged the enemy with great gallantry. After 
 severe loss it was withdraw^n. Casualties: Skilled; 11 wounded; 2 
 missing. 
 
 Rear of die, upper part: Battery K, 1st Ohio Light Artillery. 
 Was organized for 3 years under Captain Wm. L. DeBeck, in the 
 autumn of 1861. Re-enlisted for 3 years in February, 1864. Mus- 
 tered out July 12, 1865. 
 
 Rear of die, below the foregoing legend : 
 
 PRINCIPAL ENGAGEMENTS 
 
 Bull Pasture Mountain. Groveton. 
 
 Cross Keys. Chancellorsville. 
 
 Cedar Mountain. Gettysburg. 
 
 Freeman's Ford. Wauhatchie. 
 
 Warrenton vSulphur Springs. Lookout Mountain. 
 
 Waterloo Bridge. Mission Ridge. 
 
 On front of second base : Erected by the State of Ohio. 
 Right of second base: Capt. Wm. L. DeBeck, October 10, 1861, 
 to May 11, 1863. 
 
 Left of second base: Capt. Lewis Ileckman, May 11, 1863, to 
 July 12, 1865. 
 
 On flanking posts — front: Right, Battery K, 1st O. L. A. Left, 
 Battery K, 1st O. L. A. On top of each post, a crescent, in relief. 
 
 45 
 
Battery C, ^irst (Dh\o 
 
 3£aterial — Ryegate granite. 
 
 Dimensions — ^ 
 
 First base — 7 feet 2 inches x 5 feef 6 inches x 1 foot 6 inches. 
 Second base — 6 feet x 4 feet 4 inches x 1 foot 4 inches. 
 Die — .5 feet 2 inches x 3 feet 6 inches x 4 feet 2 inches. 
 Finidl— 2 feet 10 inches x 2 feet 10 inches x 2 feet 10 inches. 
 Total height— 9 feet 10 inches. 
 
 LEGENDS AND CARVINGS 
 
 The finial is a carving representing a pyramid of cannon balls. 
 • On front of die, upper part: A carving in alto relief, repre- 
 senting crossed cannon. 
 
 On front of die, right and left of crossed cannon : A rammer, 
 standing upright. 
 
 On right and left faces of die : A Maltese cross, polished, in 
 bas relief, representing the badge of the Fifth Army Corps. 
 
 On front of die, below crossed cannon : Captain F. C. Gibbs's 
 Battery. 
 
 On front of second base, immediately below the foregoing le- 
 gend : L 1st Ohio Light Artillery, Artillery Brigade, 5th Corps. 
 
 Front of first base : Erected by the State of Ohio. 
 
 Rear of die, upper part: Battery L, 1st Ohio Light Artillery, 
 July 2, 3, 1863. Arriving on the field at 8 a. m. July 2, went into 
 position under a brisk skirmish fire on the extreme right on Wolf 
 Hill. Afterwards moved to north slope of little Round Top, and 
 there became hotly engaged with Longstreet's Corps. Held same 
 position July 3. 
 
 Rear of die, lower part: This battery was recruited at Ports- 
 mouth, Ohio, in the autumn of 1861, by Captain L N. Robinson. Was 
 mustered out July -l, 1865. Took part in twelve important battles. 
 
 On flanking posts front: Right, Battery L, 1st O. L. A. Lelt, 
 Battery L, 1st 0. L. A. The right post marks the position of the 
 right section ( two guns ) on a knoll near the road leading out to the 
 Peach Orchard, as already explained. The left post is placed near the 
 memorial. On the top of each post a Maltese cross is carved in relief. 
 
 46 
 
^\vs\ Caiuilry — Companies G aiic^ d 
 
 Material — Coiicord ,ii;raiiile. 
 Dli)ie)iswns — 
 
 First base — (i feet x G feet x 1 foot 6 inches. 
 
 Second base — 4 feet 8 inches x 4 feet S inclies x 1 foot 2 inches. 
 
 Third base — 3 feet 10 inches x 3 feet 10 inches xl foot inches. 
 
 Die — 3 ft. 10 in. x 2 ft. 10 in. at base; 2 ft. 7 inclies x 2 ft. 7 in. at top; 5 ft in. hi^h. 
 
 Capital- 3 feet 6 inches x 3 feet 6 inches x 1 foot 10 inclies. 
 
 Finial— 2 feet x 2 feet x 2 feet. 
 
 Total height — 13 feet 6 inches. 
 
 LEGENDS AND CARVINGS 
 
 On front of die, in alto relief: Head and neck of a horse wearing 
 cavalry bridle. Above this carving, crossed swords, also in alto relief. 
 
 Front and rear centres of capital: Badge of tlie Cavalry Corps. 
 
 On front of die, raised letters in panel : Companies A and C, 
 1st Ohio Cavalry. Headqnarters Gnard 2d and 3d Divisions, Cavalry 
 Corps. 
 
 The word Divisions having been erroneously cut in this legend, 
 the contractor was required to correct it, which has been done by 
 adding to tlie word the letter 5, which had been omitted. 
 
 On front of second base : Erected by the State of Ohio. 
 
 Right of die: Companies A and C, P'irst Ohio Cavalry, July 1, 
 2, 8, 1863. During the battle of Getty sl)nrg these companies furnished 
 bearers of dispatches to different parts of the field. In the course of 
 the campaign they several times vigorously engaged the enemy. 
 
 Left of die : Companies A and C, 1st Ohio Cavalry, were 
 organized for three years autumn of 1861. Served in tlie Virginias 
 until spring of 1864. Were then sent west to join the regiment 
 serving with the Army of the Cumberland. Re-enlisted as veterans 
 in December, 1863. Participated in many important battles, and in 
 the capture of the Confederate President. Mustered out in Sep- 
 tember, 1865. 
 
 Rear of die : Companies A and C, 1st Ohio Cavalry. 
 
 It was the intention and desire of the Commission to have all the 
 lettering on this memorial raised and polished or sunk on a polished 
 surface, but the contractor refused to furnish any polished surfaces 
 additional to those so represented in the design as accej)ted. 
 
 47 
 
Sixtl^ Caoalry 
 
 Material — Hallowell, Maine, granite. 
 Dimensions — 
 
 First base — 8 feet x 3 feet 6 inches x 2 feet. 
 Die — 6 feet 6 inches x2 feet x 6 feet. 
 Total height — 8 feet. 
 
 LEGENDS AND CARVINGS 
 
 Front of die : A carving in alto relief representing a mounted 
 cavalryman in fatigue uniform, with drawn sabre, horse at full gallop. 
 This spirited and beautiful carving is greatly admired, and ranks with 
 the best artistic work yet placed upon the field. 
 
 On beveled surfaces at top of die, front and rear : Badge of the 
 Cavalry Corps in relief. 
 
 On sloping front ( steep wash ) of base : Sixth Ohio Cavalry, 
 2d Brigade, 2d Division, Cavalry Corps. 
 
 On front perpendicular side of base: Erected by the State 
 of Ohio. 
 
 On rear of die : Sixth Ohio Cavalry. Organized at Warren, 
 Ohio, December 14, 1861. Served with the National armies in Virginia 
 under Bayard, Buford, Pleasanton, Kilpatrick, Gregg, Smith, Crook 
 and Sheridan. Its veteran companies re-enlisted in January, 1864. 
 Mustered out August 7, 1865. 
 
 Right face of die: Sixth Ohio Cavalry. Served during the 
 Gettysburg campaign with Huey's Brigade, taking part in several 
 severe engagements. During the battle of Gettysburg it was on 
 detached service with the brigade at Manchester, Md. 
 
 Left face of die : 
 
 PRINCIPAL ENGAGEMENTS 
 
 Cross Keys. Wilderness. 
 
 Groveton. Sheridan's Raids, 1864. 
 
 Kelly's Ford, 1863. Cold Harbor. 
 
 Stoneman's Raid, 1863. Malvern Hill, 1864. 
 
 Aldie. Mitchell's Shop. 
 
 Upperville. Hawes' Shop. 
 
 Gettysburg Campaign. Boydton Plank Road. 
 
 Mine Run. Dinwiddle C. H. 
 
 Auburn. Sailor's Creek. 
 
 Bristoe Station. Appomattox C. H. 
 
 48 
 
X)elir'ci'i) anb Debication 
 
 of tl]C 
 
 2ncmona[s 
 
 g Y\^ tlie 10th, 20th, and oOth of August the Commission announced 
 \:^^ hy circular the arrangements, as they were progressively 
 made, for the formal presentation of the memorials to tlie 
 (jrovernor of Ohio, and for their dedication, and their transfer, by the 
 Governor, to the care of the Battle-Field Memorial Association. Upon 
 the special and urgent solicitation of the Commission a round-trip 
 single rate of fare to Gettysburg and return for all persons desiring to 
 attend the dedication was granted by the railways of the Trunk Line 
 and Central Traffic Associations, comprising all the territory east oi* 
 the Mississippi River and north of the Ohio. The rate granted was 
 that of one cent per mile in each direction. Of this fact, and of various 
 other arrangements affecting the convenience of intending excursion- 
 ists public announcement was made. Special reunions of the Ohio 
 survivors of the battle on the day of the dedication were invited, and 
 an '' Ohio Cami)-Fire " at the close of the formal exercises was 
 suggested. 
 
 Invitations to attend the dedicatory exercises were issued to the 
 Governor of Pennsylvania and his stall*, to the officers and directors of 
 the Battle-Field Memorial Association, to the Chief Burgess and other 
 officials of the borough of Gettysburg, to the Ohio posts and depart- 
 ment officers of the Grand Army of the Republic, to the Corporal 
 Skelly Post of that organization at Gettysburg, to Cienerals Gibbon, 
 Barlow, Schurz, and other distinguished officers of other States under 
 whom Ohio troops fouglit in the battle, and to many other distin- 
 guished citizens. 
 
 49 
 
Arrangements were also made by the Adjutant- General of the 
 State for the attendance at the dedication of the Fourteenth Regiment 
 of the Ohio National Guard, which regiment had furthermore been 
 designated to represent the Ohio National Guard at tlie celebration of 
 the Centennial of the National Constitution at Philadelphia September 
 15-17. Proceeding by special trains directly from its annual encamp- 
 ment at Lancaster, Ohio, the Fourteenth Regiment, Colonel George D. 
 Freeman commanding, arrived at Gettysburg on the morning of Sep- 
 tember 13, and encamped on Cemetery Hill. It was accompanied by 
 the men of one section of Battery E, First Regiment Light Artillery, 
 O. N. G., of Springfield, Ohio, who had volunteered their services in 
 tiring the artillery salutes which it was proposed to make a part of the 
 exercises of the day. The section was under the command of Lieut. 
 James C. Ogden. 
 
 Hon. J. B. Foraker, Governor of Ohio, with members of his statf, 
 and the members of the Memorial Commission, arrived at Gettysburg 
 during the evening of the 13th, by which time the town was already 
 crowded to its fullest entertaining capacity with soldiers and citizens 
 of Ohio. 
 
 Hon. James A. Beaver, Governor of Pennsylvania, arrived during 
 the morning of the llth. 
 
 Debtcation 2)ay programme 
 
 By many soldiers interested in the memorials the wish had been 
 expressed to the Commission that the programme of exercises of the 
 dedication day should be of such matter and form as would make it a 
 useful and agreeable souvenir of the occasion. In pursuance of this 
 wish, the Commission had a programme, with supplementary matter, 
 printed and distributed, as follows : 
 
 On first page of cover: Gettysburg, September 14, 1887. Ohio 
 Honors Her Brave Sons. 
 
 On title page : Dedication of the Ohio Memorials on the battle- 
 field at Gettysburg, Pa., Wednesday, September 14, 1887. Under the 
 auspices of the Gettysburg Memorial Commission of Ohio. 
 
 On page 4 : " The world will little note nor long remember what 
 we say here, but it can never forget what they did here." President 
 Lincoln at Gettysburg, November 19, 1863. 
 
 50 
 
n\mUi^ o^ t^l? rifmoyul ^o/^<rr(or]^ 
 
 GEN. H. A. AXLINE, 
 
 ADJUTANT GENERAL. 
 
 GEN. JAMES S. ROBINSON^ 
 
 SECRETARY OF STATE, 
 
 HON. EMIL KIESEWETTER; 
 
 AUDITOR OF STATE. 
 
 HON. ALFRED E. LEE, 
 
 SECRETARY TO THE COMMISSION. 
 
 1. Late Private 159th and I06th Ohio Infantry, 
 
 2. Late Captain 4th Ohio Infantry, Colonel S2d Ohio Infantry, and Bi-itjadier 
 and Brevet Major-Oeneral U. S. V., Commanding 3d Brigade, 1st Division 20th 
 Army Corps. Wounded at Gettysburg. 
 
 3. Late Private 46th Ohio Infantry. Wounded at Resaea, Georgia. 
 
 4. Late Captain 82d Ohio Infantry, and Acting Assistant Adjutant General 
 U. S. V, Wounded and Captured at Gettysburg, July 1. 
 
 51 
 
(Dv^eV ® o^ ® t^^e ®lDay 
 
 c»<o cxo csoo 
 
 GB1"IIYSBUI^G, 
 
 CKXD C30«O C««0 
 
 J^ational §aJute, 
 
 (90 BE FlI^ED All SUNI^ISE, OM (sEMEmERY I^ILiU. 
 
 cxo cxo coo 
 
 Dedication of the 0^^^° JVIemorial^ 
 
 flm THE RATIONALi (sEMETEI^Y FJOSWI^UM, (sOMMENGING ©I^OMPIiLiY AIT lo A. M. 
 
 cso<o csoo cx<o 
 
 Dedicatory Salute 
 
 Op Rineiheen guns, in honoi^ op iihe Ohio Oi^ganizauiions engaged in 
 
 THE BAHTPLiB, mo BE FlI^ED PI^OM ©EMETEr^Y F^ILiLi IM MEDIATBLiY AP'PEI'^ 
 THE @UOSE OP IIHE DEDIGATOI^Y GXEI^GISES AT THE I^OSTI^UM. 
 
 O0«O CSOO C30O 
 
 Ohio C^irnp F^^^ 
 
 On (gEMBTEI^Y f^lT-iU, (gOMMBNGING AT ^:30 P. M. 
 cxo csoo csoo 
 
 J^egimental Reunion^ 
 
 f{m 2 p. M., SLiAGBS to be flKNOUNGED PI^OM THE FJOSTI^LIM. 
 oo«o caoo cso<o 
 
 GEN. JAMES S. ROBINSON, 
 GEN. H. A. AXLINE, President of the Day. 
 
 Vice President and Marshal of the Day. 
 
 53 
 

 h^^^!^^^^^; 
 
 "^^SS*/ V 
 
 laiiiiCBjiiiwiiinin n 'tno^u..^^ 
 

 Commencing at ]0 A. M. 
 
 Overture — Niagara ("some day") soettger 
 
 Band of the 14th Regiment Ohio National Guard 
 
 Prayer — rev. william e. moore, d. d. i 
 
 Of Columbus, Ohio, Chaplain 14th Regiment Ohio National Guard. 
 
 Song — battle hymn of the republic. 2 
 
 Miss Anne Marie DeBeck, of Cincinnati, O. 
 
 j^ddregg — . . ohio troops in the battle of Gettysburg 
 
 Gen. H. a Axline, Adjutant General of Ohio, and Member of 
 the Memorial Commission. 
 
 Ml^^iC — SOLDIER'S PRAYER, FROM "A Night in Granada," . Kreutzer 
 Band of the 14th Regiment Ohio National Guard. 
 
 Addre?3 — the memorial commission and its work. 
 
 Hon. Emil Kiesewetter, Auditor of State of Ohio, and Member 
 OF THE Commission. 
 
 1. Late Lieutenant of the Chester County, Pa., Independent Battery. 
 
 2. As sung by Chaplain C. C. McCabe and his fellow captives in Libby Prison, on hearing 
 an old colored newspaper vender crying in the streets of Richmond: " Great Xews by Telegraph! 
 Great Battle of Gettysburg: Union Soldiers Gain de Day!" 
 
 53 
 
MugiC — INFLAMMATUS, FROM Stabat Mater, .... Hossini 
 Band of the 14th Regiment Ohio National Guard. 
 
 AddregQ — presentation of the ohio memorials to the gov- 
 ernor OF the state. 
 
 Gen. James S. Robinson, Secretary of State, and Member of the 
 
 Memorial Commission. 
 
 Re3pon$e — presentation of the memorials to the battle 
 
 FIELD association 
 Hon. Joseph B. Forakers, Governor of Ohio. 
 
 Regponge — .... in behalf of the association 
 
 Hon. James A. Beaver,4 Governor of Pennsylvania. 
 
 Mu^iC infantry SIGNAL SERENADE, Boivnmg 
 
 Band of the 14th Regiment Ohio National Guard. 
 
 Song .... TENTING ON THE OLD CAMP GROUND 
 
 Miss Anne Marie DeBeck. 
 
 M^iTiorial Addre55 — • Gen. s. h. hursts, of chillicothe, o. 
 
 Song STAR SPANGLED BANNER 
 
 Miss Anne Marie DeBeck. 
 
 Benediction — Rev William E. Moore, D. D. 
 
 3. Late Private in the 89th Ohio Infantry, and Captain and Aide-de-Camp on the Staff of 
 Major General Slocum. 
 
 4. President of the Gettysburg Battle Field Memorial Association. 
 
 5. Late Lieutenant-Colonel commanding 73d Ohio Infantry, and Brevet Brigadier General 
 U. S. V. Wounded at Xew Hope Church, Ga., May 25, 1864. 
 
 54 
 
3n tl]c 2b Clrmy dorps: 
 
 4th Infantry, Lieut. Col. L. W. Carpenter. 8th Infantry, Lieut. Col. Franklin Sawyer. 
 
 3n tl|e 5tl^ Cirmy Corps: 
 
 Battery L., 1st Ohio Light Artillery, Captain Frank C. Gibbs. 
 
 3n i\}e \\i\} Grmy dorps: 
 
 25th Infantry, Lieut. Col. Jere Williams i, Capt. N. J. Manning 2, Lieut. Israel Whites, 
 
 Lieut. William Maloney. 
 
 55th Infantry, Col. Charles B. Gambee 4. 
 
 61st Infantry, Col. S. J. MeGroartys. 
 
 73d Infantry, Lieut. Col. Richard Long. 
 
 75th Infantry, Colonel Andrew L. Harris 0, Capt. George B. Fox 7, 
 Major Benj. Morgans. 
 
 82d Infantry, Colonel James S. Robinson 9, Lieut. Col. David Thomson 10, 
 
 107th Infantry, Capt. J. M. Lutz. 
 
 Battery I, 1st Ohio Light Artillery, Capt. Hubert Dilger. 
 
 Battery K, 1st Ohio Light Artillery, Capt. Lewis Heckman, 
 
 1. Wounded and captured at Gettysburg July 1. 
 
 2. Wounded at Gettysburg. 
 
 3. Wounded at Cross Keys, Va., June 8, 1803, and at Chancellorsville May 3, 1803. Ap- 
 pointed Captain. 
 
 4. Killed at Resaea, Ga., May 15, 1804. 
 
 5. Lost an arm at Peach Tree Creek. Appointed Brevet Brigadier-General, U. S. V. 
 
 6. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, while commanding brigade. Appointed Brevet Briga- 
 dier General, U. S. V. 
 
 7. Appointed Major. 
 
 8. Wounded at Gettysburg July 1. Appointed Lieutenant-Colouel. 
 
 9. Wounded and captured at Gettysburg July 1. Appointed Brigadier and Brevet Major- 
 General, U. S. V. 
 
 10. Wounded at Averasboro, N. C, March 16, 1865. Appoiuted Brevet Brigadier-General, 
 U. S. V. 
 
 55 
 
cso<_» cx<o csoo 
 
 3n tl:^c H2tl^ Qrmy Corps: 
 
 5th Infantry, Col. John H. Patrick ii. 
 
 7th Infantry, Col. Wm. R. Creighton 12. 
 
 29th Infantry, Capt. Edward Hayes 13. 
 
 66th Infantry, Col. Eugene Powell 14. 
 
 3n tl^e Ctrtillery Heserr»e: 
 
 Battery H, 1st Ohio Light Artillery, Capt. James F. Huntington 15. Lieut. George 
 
 W. Norton le. 
 
 3n tl^e Cacalry Corps: 
 
 1st Ohio Cavalry, Company A 17, Capt. Noal-i Jones; Company C is, Capt. Samuel 
 
 N. Stanford. 
 
 6th Ohio Cavalry (10 Companies) 19, Major William Steadman. 
 
 11. Killed near Dalton, Ga., May, 1864. 
 
 12. Killed at Mission Ridge, November 27, 1863. 
 
 13. Wounded in the Atlanta campaign. Appointed Lieutenant-Colonel. 
 
 14. Afterwards Colonel 193d Ohio Infantry. Appointed Brevet Brigadier-General, U. S. V. 
 
 15. In command of Artillery of Whipple's Division at Chancellorsville May 2, 1863. 
 Wounded at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863. In command of Third Volunteer Artillery Brigade at 
 Gettysburg. Present with Battery. 
 
 16. Commanded Battery while Captain Huntington commanded Brigade. 
 
 17. Headquarters Guard 2d Division, General D. McM. Gregg commanding. 
 
 18. Headquarters Guard 3d Division, General Judsou Kilpatricli commanding. 
 
 19. Detached and absent during the battle, but actively engaged in the campaign. 
 
 56 
 
— w 
 
h^n^lh " a\^ 'I-«'J'J' ^ <n' t^ff "jSatt^f 
 
 NUMBER ENGAGED AGGREGATE LOSS 
 
 ^th INFANTRY _ 299 31 
 
 5th INFANTRY _. ___ 315 18 
 
 7th INFANTRY.. .. 293 18 
 
 8th INFANTRY... ...209 _.. ...102 
 
 25th INFANTRY 220 ...183 
 
 29th INFANTRY 332 38 
 
 55th INFANTRY ...375 49 
 
 61st INFANTRY 309 54 
 
 66th INFANTRY 316. 18 
 
 73d INFANTRY 338 145 
 
 75th INFANTRY 269 186 
 
 82d INFANTRY 258 181 
 
 107th INFANTRY 480 211 
 
 BATTERY H 7 
 
 BATTERY I 13 
 
 BATTERY K 15 
 
 BATTERY L _ 2 
 
 1st CAVALRY (2 Companies) 85 ( estimated) 
 
 6th CAVALRY (10 Companies) ...370 
 
 57 
 
4th INFANTRY — East Cemetery Hill. 
 
 4th INFANTRY — Companies G and I, Emmittsburg Road. 
 
 5th INFANTRY— Between Baltimore Pike and Culp's Hill. 
 
 7th INFANTRY — Culp's Hill. 
 
 8th INFANTRY— Emmittsburg Road. 
 
 25th INFANTRY — Barlow's Knoll. 
 
 29th INFANTRY — Culp's Hill. 
 
 55th INFANTRY — Crossing of Taneytown and Emmittsburg Roads. 
 
 61st INFANTRY — Eleventh Corps Avenue, Right Center of First Day's Line. 
 
 66th INFANTRY — Summit of Culp's Hill. 
 
 73d INFANTRY — Taneytown Road, adjacent to National Cemetery. 
 
 75th INFANTRY — East Cemetery Hill. 
 
 82d INFANTRY — Eleventh Corps Avenue, Right of First Day's Line. 
 
 107th INFANTRY — Near Barlow's Knoll, Right of First Day's Line. 
 
 BATTERY H — National Cemetery. 
 
 BATTERY I — Eleventh Corps Avenue, Right Center of First Day's Line. 
 BATTERY K — Corner Carlisle and Lincoln Streets, Pennsylvania College Grounds. 
 
 BATTERY L — Little Round Top, North Slope. 
 
 1st CAVALRY — General Pleasonton's Headquarters, Taneytown Road. 
 
 6th CAVALRY — General Pleasonton's Headquarters, Taneytown Road. 
 
 58 
 
nemoy('a.l h \ o/v^('tte^r 
 
 4th Infantry. 
 
 Capt. GEO. F. LAIRD, Canton: Lieut. A. M. ANDERSON, Delaware; Sergt. F. R. SAITER, 
 Marion; Cora. Sergt. R. D. McCARTER, Columbus; Q. M. Sergt. C. W. McLURE, Woo.ster; Prof. 
 WM. KEPLER, Berea; Private B. F. HORNER, Cleveland. 
 
 5th Infantry. 
 
 Capt. J. L. GAUL, and JOHN A. BIGLER, Cincinnati; Lieut. Col. R. L. KILPATRICK, 
 Springfield; Major K. YERKES, Philadelphia; ED. BOOTH, Covington, Ky. 
 
 7th Jnfantry. 
 
 Capt. W. A. HOWE, Capt. GEORGE McKAY, and Capt. E. H. BOHM, Cleveland. 
 
 8th Jnfantry. 
 
 Colonel FRANKLIN SAWYER and Major JOSEPH SWIGART, Norwalk, and Capt. O. G. 
 DANIELS, Mt. Vernon. 
 
 25th Infantry. 
 
 Colonel N. HOUGHTON and Capt. A. D. STEWART, Toledo; Col. D. R. HUNT, Cincinnati; 
 and JOSEPH HESS, Wood County, Ohio. 
 
 29th Infantry. 
 
 Col. D. W. THOMAS, Col. JONAS SCHOONOVER, and F. O. WEARY, Akron; Capt. T. E. 
 HOYT, Ashtabuhi, and Lieut. Col. EDWARD HAYES, Washington, D. C. 
 
 55th Infantry. 
 
 Gen. J. C. LEE, Toledo; Lieut. Col. CHARLES P. WICKHAM, Norwalk: Lieut. J. T. BOYD, 
 Bloomville; Sergt. O. STEARNS, Fostoria. 
 
 6]^t Jnfantry. 
 
 Captain THOS. J. SMITH, New Lexington: Capt. A. GILCHRIST. Brilliant: Capt. L. M. 
 JEWETT, Athens; G. W. HARRIS, Bucyrus. 
 
 66th Jnfantry. 
 
 Gen. EUGENE POWELL, Delaware; Col. JOHN T. MITCHELL, Capt. THOS. McCONNELL, 
 and Capt. T. G. KELLER, Urbana. 
 
 59 
 
JOQemoycal - C«'OC^<*ttf f r - ^«'^t<'r\op^ 
 
 73d Jnfantry. 
 
 Capt. A. LYBRAND, Delaware; Capt. J. D. STUCKEY. Washington C. H.; Capt. D. A. LAMB, 
 Wilmington; Gen. S. H. HURST and Capt. BENJAMIN P. STONE, Chillicothe. 
 
 75th Jnfantry. 
 
 Maj. GEO B. POX, Lockland; Gen. A. L. HARRIS, Eaton; Capt. E. R. MONTPORT, Cincin- 
 nati; Capt. W. J. RANNELS, McArthur; Capt. David A. MILLER, Logan. 
 
 82d Infantry. 
 
 Gen. JAMES S. ROBINSON, Kenton; Capt. ALFRED E. LEE, Columbus; Lieut. GEORGE 
 W. YOUNGBLOOD, Mansfield. 
 
 ]07th Infantry. 
 
 Maj. A. VIGNOS, Canton; Capt. J. M. LUTZ, Cleveland; Capt. A. J. RIDER, Navarre. 
 
 Battery H. 
 
 Lieut. W. E. PARMLEE, Toledo; Col. J. P. HUNTINGTON, Boston, Mass.; Capt. J. B. 
 GILPILLAN, Washington, D. C. ; J. L. PRAY, White House, Ohio. 
 
 Battery ]. 
 
 Gen. HUBERT DILGER, Front Royal, Va. 
 
 Battery K. 
 
 Capt. WM. L. DeBECK, Cincinnati. 
 
 Battery L. 
 
 Capt. P. C. GIBBS, Portsmouth. 
 
 ]?t Cavalry. 
 
 Company A, Capt. NOAH JONES, Washington C. H.; Company C, Capt. HENRY KRUM- 
 DIE, Cincinnati. 
 
 6th Cavalry. 
 
 Maj. ALBERT W. STILES, Columbus; Capt. A. W. PENTON, Cleveland; Lieut. AARON 
 WAGONER, Akron; Sergt. D. S. ROBERTSON, Geneva. 
 
 60 
 
(Exercises at tt]e 21ational (Eemetery Kostrum 
 
 111 pursuance of tliese arrangements, a National salute was lired 
 at sunrise, and at 9 o'clock a. m. Governor Foraker and his stafl", the 
 Memorial (Ujmmission, the surviving members of the commemorated 
 organizations, and the invited guests were escorted by the Fourteenth 
 Regiment to Cemetery Hill, where an artillery salute to the (lovernor 
 was tired, and the regiment, being ])araded in its camp, presented 
 arms. The procession then moved to the Rostrum in the National 
 Cemetery, where the formal exercises of the day took place as 
 announced in the programme. General James S. Robinson presided 
 at the Rostrum, and after the overture presented the Rev. William E. 
 Moore, 1). D., who otfered the following prayer : 
 
 3nr>ocatton by Dr. 2noore 
 
 Our Heavenly Father ! We bless Thee that we are permitted 
 to-day to meet in peace upon this field, so lately the scene of deadly 
 strife and carnage. We bless Thee for the victory Thou didst vouch- 
 safe our armies for the preservation of our Nation in unity and pros- 
 perity. We bless Thee for the peace and harmony which reigns 
 everywhere in our land ; for the subsidence of hate and passion and for 
 the spirit of love for our common country. We bless Thee that the 
 one flag of our fathers, the emblem of National freedom and unity 
 floats over all our land, North and South, East and West, and that the 
 strife of war has ceased. We pray Thee, who art our God and the 
 Ruler of our country, to bless the whole land with peace and with 
 abundance. May all animosity cease, and the only contest be to 
 advance the best interests of our common country. Bless, we pray 
 Thee, the President of the United States, and all who are in authority 
 over us. We invoke Thy special blessing upon the Governor of our 
 own commonwealth and his associates here, and upon the representa- 
 tives of our National Guard, who are here with them to dedicate 
 these monuments for a perpetual memorial to our gallant dead. 
 
 Bless the widows and orphans of those who i'ell in defense of our 
 Nation's unity, comfort them by Thy spirit and relieve all their wants 
 through the charity of those whom Thou hast prospered. 
 
 61 
 
May all the services of this hour be to Thy glory, and may we all 
 who are here to honor the dead and the living of this fierce conflict, 
 answer with joy the final roll call of those who have served Thee and 
 their generation by Thy will. We ask all — with the forgiveness of 
 our sins — through Jesus Christ, our Lord, Amen! 
 
 The "Battle Hymn of the Republic" was then sung by Miss 
 Anne M. DeBeck, a daughter of Captain W. L. DeBeck, of Battery K, 
 1st Ohio, after which General Axline was presented and delivered the 
 following address on " The Ohio Troops in the Battle of Gettysburg." 
 
 Ctbbrcss of (general Ctxline 
 
 The story of Ohio at Gettysburg cannot be told in the brief time 
 allowed in this programme. To tell the story in full and do justice to 
 every Ohio organization that took part in that mighty struggle, would 
 require us to repeat the whole story of the battle, not because the 
 Ohio troops formed a large part of the national army at Gettysburg, 
 but because they were engaged wherever the tide of battle raged from 
 the time the echoes of the first gun were heard until the last cloud of 
 battle had disappeared. They fought on Wednesday, July 1, on 
 Thursday, July 2, and on Friday, July 3. They Ibuglit on the line 
 of Barlow's Knoll to the Pennsylvania College grounds, at Little 
 Round Top, on East Cemetery Hill, on Culp's Hill, on the Emmitts- 
 burg Road and along Cemetery Ridge. It will not be claimed that 
 the Ohio troops rendered more gallant service, or that their deeds 
 were more conspicuous for bravery and endurance than those from 
 other States. All were brave and ec[ually willing to endure to the 
 last extremity that the Union cause might triumph. Dead heroes 
 from more than a score of States sleep in this cemetery and tell the 
 story of the patriotism and bravery of the whole Union army. We 
 simply say for the Ohio soldier, that none were braver, that none were 
 more self-sacrificing. 
 
 There were engaged in the battle of Gettysburg from the State of 
 Ohio, thirteen regiments of infantry, four batteries of light artillery, 
 and one regiment and two companies of cavalry. All of these organ- 
 izations had entered the service for three years or during the war, and 
 
 62 
 
at tliis time were veterans in ex]>erience and represented a hundred 
 dillerent l)attle-lields. They had heen decimated at Bull Kun, at 
 Antietam, at Fredericksburii', and at (Miancellorsville, an<l while 
 greatly reduced in numerical streniith, they were inured to the march 
 and ])attle, and now represented the best soldiery the world ever 
 looked upon. 
 
 The record of tliese organizations at (Jettysburg is l)rie(ly told in 
 the following statistics collected from oilicial sources : 
 
 5irst 0l]to Caixilry 
 
 COMPANIES A AND C 
 
 Company A, headquarter guard for General Gregg, commanding 
 Second Division, Cavalry Corps; Company C, headquarter guard for 
 General Kilpatrick, commanding Third Division, Cavalry Corps. 
 Present for duty, 85; no loss reported. Monument located at General 
 Pleasonton's headquarters, near Taneytown Road. Tlie number 
 present for duty, as given in this compilation, is taken from the 
 reports of June 30, and does not represent the actual numbers engaged 
 in the battle. Some had fallen out on the long march in reaching the 
 field, and many others were detailed witli the supply trains and else- 
 where, so that the actual number engaged in this battle was much 
 less than the number j)resent for duty. 
 
 Sixth (Dh'xo (£ar>alry — tZcn (lompanies 
 
 SECOND BRIGADE, SECOND DIVISION, CAVALRY CORPS 
 
 Present for duty, 370. Not directly engaged in the l)attle; no 
 loss reported. Monument located at General Pleasonton's head- 
 quarters, near Taneytown Poad. These cavalry organizations, while 
 not directly engaged in the battle of (Tcttysburg, rendered the Pnion 
 cause efficient service in the many almost daily contests with the 
 cavalry of the enemy throughout the period of the invasion of 
 Northern territory. 
 
 63 
 
^irst Hegiment (D\}\o £igl|t Grttlkry 
 
 BATTERY H (HUNTINGTON'S BATTERY;, THIRD VOLUNTEER BRIGADE, 
 ARTILLERY RESERVE 
 
 Number present for duty, 117; killed, 2; wounded, 5; total loss, 
 7 ; percentage of loss, 6. Engaged in the Cemetery grounds, near the 
 old Cemetery wall during the second and third days of the battle. 
 Monument located in National Cemetery grounds. 
 
 BATTERY I ( DILGER'S BATTERY), ARTILLERY BRIGADE, ELEVENTH CORPS 
 
 Number present for duty, 137; wounded, 13; total loss, 13; per- 
 centage of loss, 10. Engaged near the Carlisle Road, north of the 
 town, July 1; on Cemetery Hill July 2 and 3. Monument located on 
 Eleventh Corps x\ venue, north of town. 
 
 BATTERY K (HECKMAN'S BATTERY) ARTILLERY BRIGADE, ELEVENTH CORPS 
 
 Number present for duty, 118; killed, 2; wounded, 11; missing, 
 2; total loss, 15; percentage of loss, 13, Engaged at Pennsylvania 
 College Grounds July 1 ; in reserve on Cemetery Hill July 2 and 3. 
 Monument located at corner of Carlisle and Lincoln Streets, on Penn- 
 sylvania College Grounds. 
 
 BATTERY L (GIBBS'S BATTERY), ARTILLERY BRIGADE, FIFTH CORPS 
 
 Number present for duty, 121 ; wounded, 2 ; total loss, 2 ; per- 
 centage of loss, 2. Engaged at Wolfs Hill and on the north slope of 
 Little Round Top, July 2 and 3. Monument located on the north 
 slope of Little Round Top. 
 
 fourth (Dl}\o 3nfantry 
 
 FIRST BRIGADE, THIRD DIVISION, SECOND CORPS 
 
 Number present for duty, 292; killed, 12; wounded, 15; missing, 
 5; total loss, 32; percentage of loss, 11. Detached from the Second 
 Corps with Carroll's Brigade and sent to East Cemetery Hill on the 
 evening of July 2, and assisted in repulsing Early's Division at that 
 point. Companies G and I rendered gallant service east of the 
 Emmittsburg road. Monument on East Cemetery Hill. Tablet for 
 companies G and I, east side of Emmittsburg road. 
 
 64 
 
^("Se * iU^ *if. 
 
 !■ ( 
 
^\\t\j (Dhio infantry 
 
 FIRST BRIGADE, SECOND DIVISION, TWELFTH CORPS 
 
 oSuiiiher j)resent lor duly. .'{15; killed, 2; woiiikIcmI, Ki; loial loss, 
 IS; ])ercentage of loss. (5. This rciiimciit was detached, and held Die 
 extreme left on the north side of Little Kound Top July 1, on ('ul])'s 
 Hill July 2, thence to Rock Creek; returned to Culp\s Hill, when 
 engaged July 3. Monument located between Baltimore Pike and 
 Gulp's Hill. 
 
 Serentb (Dh'xo 3nfantnj 
 
 FIRST BRIGADE, SECOND DIVISION, TWELFTH CORPS 
 
 Number present for duty, 208; killed, 1; wounded, 17; total loss, 
 18; percentage of loss, 6. Engaged at Little Round Top on the 
 evening of July 1, on (Udp's Hill until p. m. -July 2, thence moved 
 with the brigade to support the left; returned to Culp's Hill and there 
 engaged July 3. Monument located on Gulp's Hill, 
 
 €igl]tb (D\}\o infantry 
 
 FIRST BRIGADE, THIRD DIVISION, SECOND CORPS 
 
 Number engaged, 209; killed, 18; wounded, 83; missing, 1; total 
 loss, 102 ; percentage of loss, 4!). This regiment took up an advanced 
 position on the Emmittsburg Road at 4 p. m. July 2, and held it 
 throughout the l)attle. During Longst reefs assault it advanced, and 
 l)y a leit wheel attacked the enemy in the tlank, doing him much 
 danuige and capturing three battle-Hags and numerous prisoners. The 
 position of the regiment is the farthest advanced of any held l)y the 
 Union forces during the third day of the battle. JMonument located 
 near Emmittslmrg Road. 
 
 Ctpcnty-fiftl] (Dhxo 3nfaiitnj 
 
 SECOND BRIGADE, FIRST DIVISION, ELEVENTH CORPS 
 
 Numl)er engaged, 220; killed, 1(5; wounded, i)(j; missing 71 ; total 
 loss, 183; percentage of loss, 83. This regiment was hotly engaged at 
 Barlow's Knoll July 1, and on East Gemetery Hill July 2 and 3. It 
 sutiered the greatest proportionate loss of any Ohio organization in 
 the battle. Monument at Barlow's Knoll. 
 
 65 
 
Cmenty-nintl] (Dl^xo 3nfantry 
 
 FIRST BRIGADE, SECOND DIVISION, TWELFTH CORPS 
 
 Number engaged, 332; killed 7; wounded, 31; total loss, 38; per- 
 centage of loss, 11. Engaged at Gulp's Hill and vicinity throughout 
 the battle. Monument located on Gulp's Hill. 
 
 ^ifty^fiftl] (Dl}io infantry 
 
 SECOND BRIGADE, SECOND DIVISION, ELEVENTH CORPS 
 
 Number present for duty, 375 ; killed, 6 ; wounded, 31 ; missing, 
 12; total loss, 49; percentage of loss, 13. Engaged at and near the 
 crossing of the Emmittsburg and Taneytown roads, and on the skir- 
 mish line in front of that position during the three days of the battle. 
 Monument at intersection of Emmittsburg and Taneytown roads. 
 
 5txty=first (DI]to 3nfantry 
 
 FIRST BRIGADE, THIRD DIVISION, ELEVENTH CORPS 
 
 Number present for duty, 309; killed, 6; wounded, 36; missing, 
 12; total loss, 54; percentage of loss, 17. Engaged as skirmishers near 
 Oak Hill and in support of Dilger's Battery (Battery I, First Ohio), 
 July 1, then withdrew to Gemetery Hill. In the evening of July 2 it 
 was sent to Gulp's Hill ; on Gemetery Hill during July 3. Monument 
 located on Eleventh Gorps Avenue, north of town. 
 
 Stxty^sixtl^ 0l]to 3nfantry 
 
 FIRST BRIGADE, SECOND DIVISION, TWELFTH CORPS 
 
 Number present for duty, 316 ; killed, 1 ; wounded, 17 ; total loss, 
 18; percentage of loss, 5. Engaged at 5 p. m. July 1, just north of 
 Little Round Top ; on the morning of July 2 moved to Gulp's Hill and 
 entrenched ; at daybreak, July 3, advanced and attacked the flank of 
 the enemy. Monument at summit of Gulp's Hill. 
 
 5cr)enty=tl]trb (Dl}\o infantry 
 
 SECOND BRIGADE, SECOND DIVISION, ELEVENTH CORPS 
 
 Number engaged, 338; killed, 21; wounded, 123; missing, 1; total 
 loss, 145 ; percentage of loss, 43. Located on Gemetery Hill July 1, 
 with Golonel Orland Smith's Brigade, which position was made the 
 
 66 
 
rail vino- point lV,r Hie new line of ])allk- at the close of the first day's 
 conflict; on the nioniino' of July 2 hotly eni>;ajrecl as skirmishers 
 beyond the Emniiltshurii- road; on July 3 on Taneylowii road on the 
 left of the Fifty-fifth Oliio. Monunieiil located on the Taneylowii road, 
 adjacent to the National Cemetery. 
 
 Serenty^ftftl] 0I]io 3nfantnj 
 
 SECOND BRIGADE. FIRST DIVISION, ELEVENTH CORPS 
 
 Number engaged, 269 ; killed, 38 ; wounded, &2 ; missing, 8() ; total 
 loss, 186; percentage of loss, 70. Engaged at Barlow^s Knoll July 1, 
 and at East Cemetery Hill July 2 and 3, and at both places distin- 
 guished itself for desperate fighting. iMonument located on Cemetery 
 Hill. 
 
 €ig^I]tlJ=secon^ 0I]io 3nfaTitrit 
 
 SECOND BRIGADE, THIRD DIVISION, ELEVENTH CORPS 
 
 Number engaged, 258; killed, 18; wounded, 85; missing, 78; total 
 loss, 181 ; percentage of loss, 70. This regiment supported Dilger's 
 Ohio Battery, and was located west of Barlow's Knoll in the afternoon 
 of July 1. During July 2 and 3 it occupied a position on Cemetery 
 Hdl. Out of 22 officers engaged only three remained when the roll 
 was called on Cemetery Hill. Among the seriously wounded were 
 General J. S. Robinson and Captain A. E. Lee — the one President of 
 the day and the other Secretary of the Ohio Gettysburg Memorial 
 Commission. The monument of this regiment is located on the 
 Eleventh Corps Avenue, north of the town. 
 
 (Dm fjun^reb Sepenth (Dhio 3nfantry 
 
 SECOND BRIGADE, FIRST DIVISION, ELEVENTH CORPS 
 
 Number engaged, 480; killed 23; wounded. 111; missing 77; tolal 
 loss, 211; percentage of loss, 52. This regiment took a prominent part 
 in the fierce struggle on the line just north of town in the first day's 
 battle. On the second and third days it was engaged on East Ceme- 
 tery Hill. In the bloody contest of the evening of July 2 it captured 
 a rebel flag from the Eighth Louisiana "Tigers.'' The monument is 
 located on the Eleventh Corps Avenue, north of the town. 
 
 67 
 
The aggregate strength of the Ohio organizations engaged in the 
 battle of Gettysburg was 4,327. Total killed, 171; wounded, 754; 
 missing, 346; total loss in killed, wounded, and missing, 1,271. That 
 is, of the whole number engaged, 4 out of every 100 were killed ; 18 out 
 of every 100 were wounded ; 8 out of every 100 were missing ; 30 out of 
 every 100 were killed, wounded, or missing in action. It was nearly 
 one man taken and two left. What troops could have done better, 
 and what troops deserve more honor than the Ohio boys at Gettys- 
 burg ? 
 
 Hon. Emil Kiesewetter, member of the Memorial Commission, 
 was next presented, and spoke as follows : 
 
 Ct56rc55 of VTiv, .^tescipettcr 
 
 Mr. President, Ladies, Comrades, and Qentlemen : 
 
 The people of Ohio, endeavoring to show their appreciation of the 
 deeds of valor and heroism of their sons upon this field twenty-four 
 years ago, desired the General Assembly to take action in regard 
 thereto and to make an appropriation to erect suitable memorials, 
 which we are here to dedicate to-day. In pursuance of this wish, so 
 universally expressed by the people of the State, the Sixty-sixth Gen- 
 eral Assembly on May 4, 1885, appropriated the sum of $ 5,000 to begin 
 this work. The Commission appointed at the time to take charge of 
 the work, after making a thorough examination of what would be 
 proper for Ohio to do under the circumstances, recommended to the 
 next General Assembly that an additional appropriation be made, 
 which recommendation was cheerfully taken up by the succeeding 
 General Assembly, and on April 21, 1886, an additional appropriation 
 of $35,000 was unanimously voted for this purpose. This act created 
 a Commission, consisting of the Adjutant-General, Secretary, and 
 Auditor of State, who were entrusted witli the letting of the contracts, 
 supervision of the work and expenditure of the appropriation as they 
 should deem best upon consultation with committees of the different 
 organizations that took part in the battle. Before taking action, how- 
 ever, the Commission endeavored to ascertain by inspection of what 
 had been done, what would be fitting for Ohio to do, and for this pur- 
 
 68 
 
pose Ihey made two visits lo tlie battle-field. After tliis a circular was 
 issued 1() llie survivors of llic dillereul ori;aui/calions, as well as to the 
 leadiui; niauuracturers ol' monuments in tiie Union, and in the autumn 
 of 1S8G a meeting- was held in the (Capitol at Columbus, at which there 
 were present the members of the Commission and committees repre- 
 senting the different organizations concerned. At that time a great 
 number and variety of designs were exhil>ited and submitted to the 
 Commission and the ex-soldiers who were present. After carelul 
 inspection of all the designs submitted and after consulting the wishes 
 of those interested, as directed by law, we proceeded to negotiate con- 
 tracts for the memorials, with a view to their comxjletion and erection 
 on this field by the first day of the present month. In the discharge 
 of their duties it Avas necessary for the Commission at times to recon- 
 cile conflicting interests, opinions, and tastes, wdiich was a matter of 
 no ordinary difficulty. 
 
 The Commission desired to place memorials upon this field which 
 would compare favorably with those which had already been erected 
 and with those that shall hereafter l)e erected by other iStates and by 
 the National Government. They desired that these memorials should 
 be beautiful, appropriate, and of sufficient artistic merit to commend 
 themselves to the judgment of all intelligent people who shall visit 
 this field. They aimed to erect not merely monuments to the memory 
 of those who perished in the battle, but memorials of the services of 
 all Ohio soldiers who took an honorable part in it. It was the aim of 
 the Commission to erect memorials which should be dui-able and per- 
 manent, to have their inscriptions distinctly and durably carved and 
 historically correct, to have the memorials located, as nearly as pos- 
 sible, on the exact ground where the different organizations fought, 
 and at the same time so located that they could be favorably and con- 
 veniently seen; to have them provided with solid foundations, which 
 should give them proper elevation and protect them against the ele- 
 ments, and to secure materials which should withstand the corroding 
 effects of heat, moisture, and frost. The Commission further endeav- 
 ored to erect such memorials as would comply with the rules and 
 requirements of the Battle-Field Memorial Association, into whose 
 care they are this day to be committed. 
 
 In this connection, before you and in your presence I desire to 
 acknowledge, on behalf of the Commission, the services of Captain A. 
 
 69 
 
E. Lee, one of the men who took part in the bloody battle of Gettys- 
 burg, and who, by his untiring zeal and intelligent action as our Secre- 
 tary, has done much to make this occasion a success. 
 
 If there are any disappointments here on account of non-fulfill- 
 ment of contracts, it is a matter that the Commission regrets more 
 than any one else and for which they feel they are in no wise to blame. 
 In awarding the work ample time was given each contractor properly 
 to complete the same in accordance with the plans and specifications 
 and the contract entered into with him. In addition to this all possible 
 assistance was given by the Commission to each contractor to enable 
 him to complete his work within the time required by the contract, 
 and in no instance was any contractor retarded by reason of delay or 
 lack of hearty co-operation on the part of this Commission. To those 
 who have been disappointed in not finding their monuments here 
 to-day, as it was agreed and expected that they should be, the assur- 
 ance may be given that in due time and with the least possible delay 
 projDer memorials to their organizations will be erected. The further 
 assurance may be given that, while some may feel disappointed, or not 
 entirely satisfied, the Commission, with an earnest desire to gratify all 
 so far as they consistently or possibly could, have endeavored faithfully 
 to fulfill their higher obligations to be just, fair, and impartial to all 
 the difterent organizations. They may not have been able to satisfy 
 every wish or requirement; that would have been impossible where 
 there were so many conflicting views of what would be just and appro- 
 priate, but they have at least endeavored (with what success is to be 
 judged by you here to-day) to produce a work worthy of the services 
 which it commemorates, a work of which you, the survivors of the 
 battle, may be proud, and a work worthy of the State of Ohio. But 
 grander than any monument of granite or of stone to tell the story of 
 the deeds of our heroic dead is the restored and harmonious Union, 
 whose constantly increasing prosperity, intelligence, and happiness 
 demonstrates to the world that the blood shed upon this historic field 
 has not been shed in vain, and that a ,peo'ple united by all the kindred 
 ties of blood and the selfish ties of business have now a closer and a 
 dearer Union than ever before — a Union of liberty and freedom, one 
 and inseparable, now and forever. 
 
 70 
 
In the order stated in tlie proiinunme, General James S. Kobin- 
 son, who commanded the Eighty-second Ohio Inlaiili-.v in the l)attle, 
 followed Mr. Kiesewetter, and spoke as follows: 
 
 Cl&brc55 of (general Jvobinson 
 
 Gnvovnor Foraker, Comrades, Ladies and Gentlemen : 
 
 There remains ])ut a brief duty lor me to discharge. Before doing 
 so, however, I will contribute to the unwritten history of that great 
 battle a few incidents that came under my own personal observation, 
 and not olhcially reported. The Eleventh Army Corps, to which the 
 Eighty-second Ohio belonged, and the First Corps, the vanguard of 
 the army, drew out of their encampments at Emmittsburg and Marsh 
 Creek on the morning of July 1. The march was a rapid one, scarcely 
 relieved by a single halt. At 10 o'clock we crossed the Pennsylvania 
 line, and well I remember how, with dipping Hags and muffled drums, 
 we saluted the grand old State on whose soil, before the sun went 
 down, many a comrade found a soldier's grave. The idea of fighting 
 on home soil seemed to tire tlie soldiers with extraordinary zeal and 
 determination. They seemed to feel that the opportune moment had 
 arrived lor them to avenge the defeats sustained at the hands of Lee's 
 army. At 11 o'clock we halted a few moments to give the troops a 
 rest. The rain came down in torrents. The soldiers prepared to make 
 their accustomed tin cup of coifee, when through the heavy mists we 
 were startled by the dull, thudding sound, which only issues from the 
 throats of cannon, but when first heard leaves us in doubt whether it 
 may not be thunder. We listen. In a few seconds all doubts are put 
 at rest. We were about to participate in one of the most ol)stinate 
 and decisive battles of the world. 
 
 Aids came dashing along the line before we had time to i'all in, 
 with peremptory orders to douhle-qulck our commands on that hot 
 July day. How little men on horseback reflect on such an occasion. 
 If they had once marched in the ranks they would never have issued 
 such a ridiculous order. We arrived at Gettysburg a little after one 
 o'clock and passed on hastily through the town and well on to the 
 front by the Mummasburg Road and took position in an open field in 
 
 71 
 
support of Captain Dilger's Battery en echelon to the First Corps. 
 The enemy's batteries were to the right of Seminary Ridge, on Oak 
 Hill, within easy range of our position, which they fully commanded. 
 Here our loss was very considerable. We remained at this point until 
 about two o'clock, when I was ordered to rejoin my brigade, which was 
 to the left of the County Infirmary. Soon alter, the command came for 
 an advance. We moved forward rapidly about 150 j^ards beyond 
 where the Eighty-second O. V. I. memorial now stands, when we 
 encountered a strong rebel force tliat delivered a steady fire as they 
 advanced. In moving forward I discovered that I had passed the 
 regiment on my right about 150 yards. I gave the command to fall 
 back slowly, loading and hring at will. At this point and beibre I 
 gave the order to fall back, my horse was killed under me. All the 
 field officers of my regiment were dismounted in tlie same way. Just 
 as I reached the line of battle on my right Colonel Francis Mahler, 
 commanding the brigade of the Seventy-fifth Pennsylvania Regiment, 
 fell by my side, mortally wounded. Colonel Krzyzanowski, the 
 brigade commander, had been disabled by being thrown from his 
 horse in the early part of the engagement, ^y these two casualties I 
 became the senior officer of the brigade and was assigned to its com- 
 mand jrom this point we were gradually being pressed back by the 
 power of overwhelming nuniK^ers. The men stubbornly contested 
 every inch of ground. Our position was in every respect untenable. 
 We were not permitted even to build a temporary barricade out of 
 the numerous fence rails that incumbered our movements. We were 
 in the valley while the neighboring hills to the front and right of us 
 were covered by the guns of the enemy. The first intimation I had 
 of the advance of the enemy on my right Hank was a volley of 
 musketry from that quarter, decimating the ranks of my command, 
 which had already suffered severely. By this time we had reached 
 the outer edge of the village in perfect order and without confusion. 
 The enemy was on our front, right fiank, and in our rear. No troops 
 could have fought better than the Eleventh Corps soldiers that came 
 under my observation. They yielded only to the superior force of the 
 enemy. They fought at a great disadvantage, but they Ibught well. 
 As we entered the village, I was so severely wounded that the com- 
 mand of the brigade was transferred to Lieutenant-Colonel Thomson 
 
 72 
 
GASUAtTitS 
 
 [eMctIoWiWIIM^^ ""^^ 
 
oi" the Ei^lity-socond ( ). Y. I., a brave and caijahlc ollicer. In this 
 short eiiii-aiiViniMi! my re>iinient had sullered severely, h)sin.<;' l'.» oliictTs 
 out of 21, with a corresponding' nuniher of prixales and iioncoininis- 
 sioned otfieers. 
 
 It is to coinmeinorate the bravery and skill of such Ohio ti-()()])s 
 that tliese memorials have been erected. All lom:.!!! for American 
 nationality, and as a reward for their valorous slruf;i;le, Ohio lays 
 these tributes at their feet. Here the tide of invasion was rolled I>ack 
 alter the bloodiest and mosl stubborn contest of the war. With oui- 
 soldiers it was a strugjLile for mastery on Northern soil. It was a 
 victory of the rank and tile. 
 
 Throuii'h you, as (Jovernor of Ohio, we desire to transfer the 
 care of these memorials to the Battletield ^Memorial Association of 
 Getty sburii'. 
 
 Respondiui;' to General Robinson, and ])resentinii' the memoi'ials to 
 the Battle-Field Memorial Association, Governor J. B. Forakei- spoke 
 as follows : 
 
 Ctbbrcsb of (5or>crnor ^^raker 
 
 Gentloiirn of the Geltyshurg Memorial Association : 
 
 Plymouth Rock, Jamestown, and Gettysburg are three of the most 
 important points in American history. They mark respectively the 
 beginning' of free and slave institutions and the triumph of the one 
 over the other. Until the march of time and ])rogress In-ought us to 
 this held, free, ])opular government was indeed but an experiment, 
 menaced l)y a doubtful, as well as an irrepressible, conflict. Here was 
 lound the 1)eginning of the end. The struggle that commenced witJi 
 American civilization grew continually stronger and fiercer until 
 Pickett charged. As his columns reeled backward in defeat the cause 
 of human bondage began to pale and the tide of i-el)elliou to recede. 
 Prom (jettysburg to A])poniattox was a long nuu'ch, stained with lilood 
 and strewn with the dead, but the bravery with which it was resisted 
 was but the sullen obstinacy of despair; lor here the prestige of the 
 slave power had been broken. On this iield the cause of liberty and 
 union gained a ])ositive and permanent triumph. When the retreating 
 
 73 
 
battalions of Lee marched out of Pennsylvania it was already virtually 
 determined that the American Union was indissoluble; that the Con- 
 stitution of the United States was the organic law of the people ; that 
 no State had a right to defy the national power; that slavery must 
 perish'; that the whole land should be dedicated to human liberty; 
 that we should have but one Government, one flag, and one destiny 
 for the whole American people. 
 
 Almost a quarter of a century has passed. The moving columns, 
 glittering bayonets, flashing sabers, and charging squadrons of that 
 fearful time are gone forever. The rattling musketry and the roaring 
 cannon of the mighty struggle are hushed. Where was the carnage of 
 war is now only peace. 
 
 Quiet and beauty reign over tliese historic heights and pleasing 
 plains. Men who met here in the shock of battle as foes have since 
 met here to clasp hands as friends and fellow-citizens of a reunited 
 country. If there be any one thing for which we should be more 
 thankful than we are for the success of our arms, it is that througli the 
 mercy of God we have been spared to see the day when the men who 
 battled so valiantly to destroy the Union are beginning to realize how 
 utterly wicked and unjustiflable was their cause, and how indescriba- 
 bly great was the blessing to them, as well as to us, of their defeat. 
 As the years go by, appreciation for this blessing will be strengthened. 
 The day cannot be long delayed when the Lost Cause will have lost its 
 last mourner; when all will recognize, with profound thankfulness for 
 the result, that the war was waged, not for destruction, but for preser- 
 vation ; not for sectionalism, but for nationality ; that we might go for- 
 ward with a common pride to a common destiny. 
 
 It is impossible to exaggerate the importance of the consequences 
 of the heroism and sacrifice of life that were liere witnessed. We 
 have, as a result, not only an imperial domain of territory, capable of 
 accommodating the hundreds of millions who are coming with the 
 years of the future, but we have also civil and religious liberty for all ; 
 we have civil and political equality for all ; we have a satisfactory Con- 
 stitution and theory of government for all ; we have a common interest 
 for all. Our success has been felt beyond our own shores. It has 
 cheered all mankind. Ireland is not the only land where there is a 
 struggle. In England, France, Germany, and every other civilized 
 
 74 
 
country tlie people are demanding and receivinii- recognition and a 
 voice in government. Their inspiration luis been imi)arte(l l)y our 
 achievements. We have thrown tlie l)eaming rays of lihrrly around 
 the globe. 
 
 Gettysburg was more, therefore, than a mere ])attle. It was more 
 than the turning point of a great war. It was an epoch in \hv liis- 
 tory of the world — a crowning triumph for the human race. 
 
 There are other reasons that endear this place to the hearts of our 
 countrymen. Here was fought the greatest single combat of the war. 
 On no other field was there such equality of numbers, or a more dis- 
 tinguished display of American valor. Almost every State oi" the 
 Union was here represented. The blood of all the sections was here 
 commingled. Yonder lie Reynolds and the brave men who iell and 
 sleep with him, and here Lincoln stood and made a s])eech as immortal 
 as his own undying fame. Verily, this is consecrated ground. Through- 
 out all the ages, until Time shall be no more, so long as heroic 
 endeavor, patriotic sacrifice, and human welfare shall be api)reciated, 
 this will be a hallowed spot for the children of men. 
 
 Ohio has a just pride in the conspicuous part her sons wrought in 
 this great work. She manifests it by erecting here these enduring 
 monuments. We have come to dedicate them in her name to the higli 
 purposes they are intended to subserve. In formally transferring 
 them to your keeping, it is not necessary to recount the exploits or 
 vaunt the deeds they are intended to commemorate. The monuments 
 themselves do that more eloquently than any language that can be 
 spoken. The positions they mark were the forefront of the battle. 
 But Ohio has not erected them in a spirit of pride alone. They are 
 intended also to express her gratitude and to teacli lessons of ])al riot- 
 ism. She acknowledges in this way her everlasting indebtedness to 
 the men who were willing to give life that the heresy of secession 
 might perish, and at the same time tells posterity of the priceless 
 blood that has been shed, and of the daring deeds that have been done 
 that our Government might live. It was to subserve such purposes 
 that Ohio appointed the Commission, who have labored so long and 
 satisfactorily to accomplish the task intrusted to them. I know their 
 work has been a labor of love. Nevertheless, on behalf of the people 
 whom they have represented, I give them thanks for the zeal they 
 
 75 
 
have manifested, the good judgment they have displayed, and the suc- 
 cess they have achieved. It is with the liope and belief that they have 
 not worked in vain that I now intrust to you, gentlemen of the Gettys- 
 burg Memorial Association, the custody and care of Ohio's monuments 
 to her soldiers who fought on this field. So long as loyalty is appre- 
 ciated and treason -despised, so long as it is an honor to fight for the 
 Union and a crime to fight against it, we beseech you to jealously 
 guard them and care lor their preservation. Should there come a time 
 when they do not teach this, then let them crumble. 
 
 Hon. James A. Beaver, Governor of Pennsylvania, and President 
 ex-officio of the Battle Field Memorial Association, responded to 
 Governor Foraker, accepting, in behalf of the Association, the trust 
 confided to it. The following brief synopsis of his remarks is taken 
 from tlie Gettysburg Star and Sentinel of September 20, 1887. 
 
 Qbbress of (5or>crnor Reaper 
 
 Governor Beaver said : In leaving the Centennial exercises at 
 Philadelphia, he felt that he was going out of the line of duty, but as 
 he drove along the avenues of this beautiful Cemetery and saw the 
 flags and flowers on the Ohio graves, he felt that this occasion, and the 
 one we would celebrate to-morrow, were parts of one great drama 
 which he had been called upon to witness. If those men had not died 
 to preserve the Constitution, there would not now be a Constitution 
 to celebrate. It is because the high water mark was reached here in 
 Pickett's charge, we are permitted and privileged to hold this celebra- 
 tion at Philadelphia, which would not be complete without this part 
 of the drama. After paying an eloquent tribute to the services of Ohio 
 soldiers on this and other battle fields of the Pepublic, the Governor 
 asked : Why do these people come here to-day and bow their heads 
 to a memory? Why is Gettysburg honored above all other battle- 
 fields? One reason was that it was fought on free and loyal soil (a 
 wounded veteran sang out, "It is God's country" ). Whilst the Gov- 
 ernor did not want to admit that any part of this country was not 
 " God's country," yet that was the name given it by the boys when 
 they entered our borders. Another reason was on account of the 
 
 76 
 
treasures speiil here l)y lli(> loyal Stales. In a('cei)(iii.ii' the iiionii- 
 nieiits on belialf of \\\v IMeinorial Association, he said sentinienis of 
 patriotism should be fostered and encouraiied, that Pennsylvania 
 would lie' the laithlul custodian ol' these monuments, and that the 
 .Vssocialion accepted the trust appreciatinjr the res])onsi])ilily devolv- 
 ing- u})()n it, beinji in hearty sympathy with the spirit which prompted 
 the erection of these memorials. They fostered the spirit of unity, 
 and the men who Ibuiiht atiainst the nation here, are now becoming 
 more and more glad to meet their ojiponents on this battle-tield. 
 
 Following (Governor Beaver, in the order of the programme, 
 General S. II. Hurst, who had participated in the battle as an otlicer 
 of the Seventy-third Ohio Infantry, delivered the memorial addi-ess. 
 General Hurst spoke as follows : 
 
 nicmorial Clbbrcss by (general i7ur5t 
 
 Comrades of the Old Army, Citizens of Ohio, and Fellow Countri/men, All : 
 
 We bivouac to-day on sacred and historic ground — on a field 
 made sacred and historic by deeds of sacrifice and valor that can never 
 die. We celel)rate here the a(diievements of tliat grand army of 
 ])atriot heroes, who, with undying courage and devotion, defended the 
 nation's life; and to-day we dedicate here our monuments of enduring 
 granite and marhle that they may tell to the ages the story of those 
 great achievements and chronicle through the ages the fame of the 
 men who fought and won at Gettysburg. These monuments, which 
 we to-day unveil to the world, are not mere funeral or memorial 
 monuments to the dead. They are rather triumphal monuments alike 
 to the living and the dead who shared in that mighty struggle, and 
 that most significant victory which made the name of Gettysburg 
 immortal. These beautiful and expressive triumphal monuments are 
 the tribute of the great commonwealth of Ohio, of her peoj^le and of 
 her government, to her devoted sons who, coming from the hills and 
 valleys of that noble State, on this field, amid the comradeship of 
 the grand old Army of the Potomac, stood breast to breast with 
 the men of Pennsylvania and sixteen other sister States, staying 
 and rolling back the tide of invasion, breaking the spirit and hope of 
 
 77 
 
the rebellion, and filling the hearts of our suffering but brave people 
 with the confident assurance of victory, ultimate and overwhelming. 
 
 The battle of Gettysburg was not simply the greatest battle of 
 the war of the rebellion; it was also the most important military 
 engagement of modern times. Nay, more than this ; as the decisive 
 battle in defense of the American Republic, and as the decisive battle 
 in defense of free civilization in America and in the world, it Avas the 
 most significant struggle, and the most momentous triumph in the 
 history of the human race. 
 
 Each army, and back of the armies the people of each section of 
 the country, who for more than two years had sustained and reinforced 
 their respective armies, had been impelled and inspired at the begin- 
 ning, and sustained through the sufferings and sacrifices of these most 
 direful years by two great, leading ideas, or motives. The people of 
 the south, and the soldiers of the southern armies were asserting with 
 the sword their doctrine of States rights, the right of a State, or of any 
 number of States, to secede from, and thus break up the government 
 of the Republic at will, and to ordain other independent and supreme 
 governments in its stead. And beyond that they were fighting for the 
 perpetuation and spread of human slavery; that the slave-holding 
 power might be and remain the dominant power in iVmerican civiliza- 
 tion, and the dominant power in American government. The rebellion 
 never rose above that. Say what you may about the glory of the 
 "lost cause," tell what you may of the unselfish devotion, and courage 
 and pluck of the southern soldiery, still it is true that the rebellion 
 never had a motive, and never had an inspiration higher or nobler 
 than it drew from secession and slavery, and their logical fruits and 
 concomitants. The people of the north and the soldiers of the Union 
 army were fighting for the unity of the nation, for the life of the 
 Republic, and back of that, or co-ordinate with that, they were 
 fighting for human liberty in American civilization and government. 
 And though in the death grapple of battle we may have sometimes 
 seemed to forget these first causes and impelling motives of the war, 
 still, back of the organization of every army, or corps, or battalion, 
 and back of every battle, or siege, or skirmish, these motives of the 
 south in appealing to the arbitrament of arms, and of the north in 
 
 78 
 
acreptiiiii' llie waiior ol' l)attle, were the g;reat inspiring molives oi* our 
 disunited i)eople, and ol' I heir contending armies. 
 
 These were momentous issues. On the one side tliere was tlie 
 ambitious dream of tlie Soutliern P^mpire, of aristocratic government, 
 founded upon caste and shivery as "the chief corner stone," and 
 coupled with this cliivalrous ambition for the establisiiment of aristo- 
 cratic government, that one race might be supreme at the cost of the 
 brutal degradation of another; coupled with this was the imperious 
 demand for the perpetual, social and political supremacy of the slave 
 power on the American continent. 
 
 On the other side there was undying love for and devotion to the 
 government and the flag. There was pride in (he glory of the 
 Repul)lic and in its free institutions. There was faith in the rights of 
 manliood; faith in democratic government; faitli in free civilization, 
 and as the outgrowth of these, there was the living and sublime 
 purpose that freedom, and not slavery, should be the ruling power in 
 the future government of these United States. On these great, vital 
 questions — vital to the nation, and vital to human li])erty — tlie issue 
 had been made up and was being fought out to the bitter end. Never 
 too oiten has it been said the war was a war of ideas. It was indeed 
 a war between two opposing civilizations. It was the old civilization 
 of caste and aristocracy and slavery revolting against the growth and 
 power of the new civilization of freedom and manhood in this new 
 world of America. And the results of this direful struggle must in 
 any event have been deeply felt wherever lyi-anny sought to stifle the 
 asim-ations of manhood, or wherever throughout the world maidiood 
 was struggling to be free. 
 
 The questions at issue, then, between the North and the South, 
 and to l)e settled by the valor and endurance of their respective 
 armies, were not the ordinary questions al)out wliich nations tight. 
 The reign of royal house, the establishment of a boundary line, the 
 protectorate of a province, or the ownership of a canal. No, no; tiiey 
 were not questions of that kind. They involved the life of a mighty 
 nation, the life of republican government, and the life of popular lib- 
 erty. They were as high as the hopes of free manhood and as broad as 
 human civilization. 
 
 79 
 
Wise statesmansliip, unswerving patriotism, and a jnst apprecia- 
 tion of the logic of events by the people of both sections of the 
 country, might have avoided the fratricidal strife, and without the ter- 
 rible sacrifice, the nation might have gone steadily forward in the path 
 of prosperity and glory; but, given the doctrines of Calhoun and 
 Taney and the aggressive spirit of the slave power on the one side, 
 and the growth of the great Northwest and the growth of the spirit 
 and love of liberty and hatred of tyranny and wrong on the other 
 side, and the war was as inevitable as fate. And so in an hour of mad- 
 ness the war had been begun ; in an liour of madness they had fired 
 upon our ships and upon our forts. No appeal could stop them. No 
 prayers availed to stay the dreaded strife. The war had been begun, 
 and for two long years and more it had gone on with varying fortunes 
 and with growing intensity and bitterness. A million of men were in 
 arms. Our skirmish lines were a thousand miles long, and the world 
 looked on with bated breath as the armies of the Puritan and tlie 
 Huguenot — the grand armies of freedom and slavery — grappled in 
 the deadly and terrible embrace of battle. In Missouri and Arkansas 
 and Louisiana; in Mississippi and Alabama and Kentucky and Ten- 
 nessee ; in the Carolinas and Maryland ; in tlie Virginias and Pennsyl- 
 vania, the war had been earnestly Avaged, while each army, alternating 
 between success and defeat, had struggled with terrible energy for the 
 mastery of the field. We had reached the darkest hour of the war. 
 The hearts of millions of patriots were filled with deep anxiety and 
 dread. The slaughter at Fredericksburg and the surprise and rout at 
 Chancellorsville had demonstrated our dearth of liigher generalship, 
 and filled the hearts of many with dismay, if not despair. The Army 
 of the Potomac was guarding the nation's capital, when the leader of 
 the rebel army of Northern Virginia determined to march again into 
 Pennsylvania, and move upon Washington and Baltimore from the 
 north. It seemed, indeed, a bold venture after the experience of the 
 Antietam campaign. But its very boldness inspired a deeper sense of 
 terror and of dread, (general Lee marched his army without molesta- 
 tion through the mountain gaps, down the Shenandoali Valley, across 
 the Potomac and up through Maryland, into Pennsylvania. His army 
 was feasting in the valleys of the Cumberland and the Susquehanna, 
 gathering supplies and preparing for the final and sweeping descent 
 
 80 
 
-m 
 
 1ST OHIO CAVALRV 
 
 HEAOgUiRTERS GUARD! 
 20ANL30DIViS!0NS| 
 CAVALRY CORPS 
 
 ■\% 
 
upon the capital. Our disheartened hut phick.v army, circlin^j,- on a 
 shorter radius, had heen moved into Maryland, aud then pushed up 
 into Pennsylvania to meet well out from the defenses of Washington 
 the invading army, which. Hushed with its recent successes, was full of 
 confidence and ardor. 
 
 While these movements were going on, as if to add to our dis- 
 heartenment, General Hooker, whom most of the Potomac Army idol- 
 ized, was removed, and General Meade, whom most of that army 
 scarcely knew, was placed in command. The deep anxiety grew more 
 and more intense with each succeeding day, and every one felt and 
 knew that soon the great armies must meet in deadly and perhaps 
 decisive conflict. Tiie nation looks on with an agony of anxiety and 
 suspense as the two armies are manueuvering for position and girding 
 themselves for the l)loody fray. What a sublime spectacle was here 
 and now presented to the world, to the nations that had heen watching 
 the conflict from afar through all its changes. The grand armies of 
 slavery and freedom, almost a hundred thousand men on either side, 
 stood confronting each other, each inspired with the courage of its con- 
 victions, and each strong in its heroic determination to win in this 
 great decisive battle for the mastery of the field and the triumph of 
 their cause. 
 
 In these days so full of destiny, in these hours of agonizing sus- 
 pense, who shall know the depths of feeling which moved the heart of 
 our great army as it stripped for the tight; and who shall tell the anx- 
 ious, trembling, yet hopeful thought of our brave people, whose mil- 
 lions of white lips spoke to God the prayers of aching hearts for victory 
 to our cause? Finally the enemy swept around and broke through the 
 mountain wall that separated the two armies at the point where 
 Buford and Reynolds were on guard, and the battle of Gettysburg was 
 begun. 
 
 By a strange coincidence both commanders had simultaneously 
 ordered the occupation of Gettysburg by their respective forces. Gen- 
 eral Meade had directed Reynolds to concentrate here the left wing of 
 his army, evidently with the idea of holding the foe in check till he 
 could select and fortify a formidable line at Willoway Greek or Pipe 
 Creek. Lee had ordered the concentration of his entire army here, 
 doubtless with the thought that the mountain background would be an 
 
 81 
 
admirable protection for his artillery and supply trains ; the possession 
 of the mountain passes enabling him to move at will back into the 
 Cumberland Valley; while from this vantage ground he could move 
 his whole army on Washington or menace Baltimore at pleasure. 
 Buford, with the eye of a soldier, had comprehended the situation at 
 once. On the evening of the 30th of June and early on the morning 
 of the 1st of July he had carefully disposed his cavalry forces on the 
 various roads from the north and west concentrating at Gettysburg, 
 with the determination to hold the enemy at bay, and prevent him, if 
 possible, from occupying this important strategic point. 
 
 At nine o'clock of July 1 the First and Eleventh Army Corps, 
 under the orders of the gallant Reynolds, without any knowledge of 
 the advancing enemy, were marcliing upon Gettysburg. At that hour 
 they were awakened to thoughtfulness by the thunder of Buford's 
 guns. His men, dismounted, were liolding a line along Willoughby 
 Run and across the Carlisle and Harrisburg Pikes, half a mile north 
 and west of Seminary Ridge. Heth's division of Hill's corps attacked 
 him with the determined purpose of occupying Gettysburg. Buford's 
 artillery commanding the roadways, he made a determined stand, and 
 for two hours held the enemy at bay. Finally, just when he was being 
 overwhelmed with numbers, Reynolds arrived upon the field. 
 
 Wadsworth's and Doubleday's divisions relieved the plucky caval- 
 rymen. Pender came to the support of Heth, and the engagement, 
 both of infantry and artillery, soon became earnest and deadly. But, 
 before the First Corps was fully deployed their intrepid leader. Gen- 
 eral Reynolds, was killed upon the field, crowning the glory of a noble 
 life witli the fame of a hero's death. 
 
 Gen. Doubleday now assumed command, and with ability and 
 fearlessness met and fought the enemy, checking his advance at every 
 point. The strong divisions of Heth and Pender, supported by eighty 
 pieces of artillery, threw into the fight such courage and determina- 
 tion as to make the conflict most sanguinary indeed. But, like 
 Buford's men in the earlier morning, the First corps held on with 
 pluck and tenacity, determined to stay the rebel advance till the 
 arrival of the Eleventh corps. Like as it were yesterday, I remember 
 that fateful morning, twenty-four years ago. Our little corps had 
 bivouacked for a day at Emmittsburg, and at 9 o'clock that morning 
 
 83 
 
we were on the iiijircli to Gettysburi;. We luul iione l)ut a lew 
 miles when ihe music ol" Buforcr.s caiim)n told us there was work 
 ahead. At half past ten we were met by a courier from Reynolds, 
 orderinji; us rapidly forward. For six miles we marched almost on the 
 doul)le-quick, and at half past twelve came upon Cemetery Hill. The 
 divisions of Barlow and 8churz went ra])i(lly forward into the light 
 to check the enemy then enveloping our right. These men of the 
 Eleventh corps, who had been sacriticed by their commander at Chan- 
 cellorsville, resolved here to wi^e out that stain, and on that afternoon, 
 although again overwhelmed with numl)ers, the dead and wouikUmI of 
 their decimated regiments told how well they kept their pledge. 
 
 ()ur own division, under Von Steinwehr, took position u[)()n 
 Cemetery Hill, and the gallant Prussian at once dejiloyed his forces 
 and begun fortifying that formidable promontory, which overlooked 
 the whole tield. Howard, who had assumed command, faced his 
 fresh divisions to the north to meet the swarming brigades of EwelTs 
 corps, coming in on the Heidlersburg road, and menacing the flank and 
 rear of the First corps. A hundred rebel cannon hurl their deadly 
 missiles into our lines, and the confident enemy — outnumbering us 
 three to one — drive hack the divisions of Barlow and Schimmelpfen- 
 nig with heavy loss. The right having been thus outnumbered and 
 turned, the First corps is also compelled to retire. And thus all our 
 forces tighting in the advance, were, at four o'clock, compelled to fall 
 back to (cemetery Hill. The enemy at once occupied the town, cap- 
 turing a large number of our men, who, separated from their com- 
 mands, or having lost tlieir commanders in the tight, huddled together 
 in the town, and fell an easy prey to their captors. 
 
 The results of the lirst day's bailie were alike disastrous 1o us, 
 and encouraging to the enemy. Out of 1(),()()() troops engaged on our 
 side, we had lost over 10,000 men in killed, wounded, and prisoners. 
 Still, we were not wholly without consohilion. Our men had fought 
 courageously against fearful odds, they had stayed the coming foe, and 
 we still held CVmetery Hill. Just as our shattered divisions occupied 
 the ridge. Gen. Hancock arrived and assumed command. He ad- 
 dressed himself at once to the disposition of the troops so as to 
 hold eifectively this important j)osition. Our situation was now one 
 of great peril, since we had but 0,000 men for duty, and there were 
 
 83 
 
40,000 men in our front ready to give us battle. An hour and a 
 half later Gen. Sickles arrived with three brigades, and then Gen. 
 Slocum came in with the Twelfth corps, and the command was 
 turned over to him. During the night our forces were centered here, 
 and the morning of July 2d found our whole army within support- 
 ing distance. By nine o'clock our lines were established, and all 
 our troops on the field save the Sixth corps, which would arrive in 
 a few hours. The opportunity for a surprise, as at Chancellorsville, 
 or of crushing us with overwhelming numbers as the enemy might 
 have done yesterday, seemed now gone ; and Lee must fight us 
 openly or retire. 
 
 Gen. Meade had arrived in the night, and attended personally 
 to the formation of our lines, and the assignment of forces. Our 
 commanders confidently expected to be attacked at daylight, before 
 our lines were fully formed, or our disposition for battle complete. 
 But the whole morning passed and no attack was made. It was 
 not, indeed, until half past three in the afternoon, that the blow 
 fell. Then Longstreet attacked on the left, at the Peach Orchard, 
 on the Emmittsburg Road, at the Devil's Den, and at Little Round 
 Top. It is not possible that I should describe the terrible engage- 
 ment that here and now took place. It is enough to say that for 
 five long hours there was here such a face to face, and hand to 
 hand conflict, a battle so courageous, determined, merciless, and 
 deadly, as scarcely finds a parallel in the history of warfare. The 
 conformation of the ground on which it was fought was most irreg- 
 ular, as was also the formation of our lines. The position at the 
 Peach Orchard was such as to make it seem equally perilous for us 
 to attempt to hold it, or to yield it to the enemy, and in deter- 
 mining upon the former course Gen. Sickles had of necessity made 
 it the scene of a continuous, fearful, and deadly struggle. Much 
 of this ground was inaccessible for the eff'ective use of artillery, and 
 could only be assailed or defended by infantry at short range, or at 
 the bayonet's point. Hence it was necessarily one of those engage- 
 ments which must be won on either side by that conspicuous per- 
 sonal courage which makes heroes of men, whether in the roster or 
 in the ranks. Into this engagement Longstreet, supported by Hill, 
 brought thirteen powerful brigades that had not taken part in the 
 
 84 
 
conflict of yesterday. >Jot in one continuous line, or simultaneous 
 assault, ))ut conlormin^ii; to the irregular formation of ihe tield and 
 of our lines, and sustaining the work of one command by thai of 
 another he jiressed the battle with fearl'ul energy till the darkness 
 brought it to a close. On our side the Third corps was sustained 
 in its unequal light by detachments Ironi almost every corps in the 
 army. From the right of Slocum's to the left of Hancock's corps, 
 every available regiment was taken to sustain the fearful onset on the 
 lell, and it was only l)y the most persistent, determined, and courage- 
 ous action, alike ol' leaders and men, tiiat our lines were held against 
 the terrible assault. 
 
 Meanwhile, on our right, Johnson's division of Ewell's corps is 
 assigned to the duty of carrying Gulp's Hill, and turning our position, 
 while Early and Rodes are to charge Cemetery Hill near the to^-n. 
 Johnson does not act in concert with Longstreet, but waits till nearly 
 night, and then, although he finds our line depleted and extremely 
 w^eak, he gains but a partial success, occupying a portion of an ad- 
 vancd line of our works, and resting till the morning. Eodes iails 
 to act in concert with Pearly, whose attack on Cemetery Hill, at the 
 left of the town, is partially successful, and if sustained and supported 
 might have been disastrous. But Barlow's division that had been 
 driven back to the batteries, was reinforced by Steinwehr and Schurz 
 and Carroll, and Early's men are dislodged and driven back to the 
 banks of Rock Creek. Thus the second day of battle closed, witii 
 Ijrighter prospects for the Union army. 
 
 True, we had suffered great losses in the struggle on the left, 
 but the enemy had been even more terribly punished, and all his 
 assaults, left, right, and center, have been repulsed, and still we hold 
 our lines on Cemetery Hill. What the morrow would bring forth 
 no human foresiglit could tell ; but every one felt it must be decisive. 
 And so both armies rested witli Ihe certain conviction that the 
 morning would bring with it a renewal of the terrible strife, and 
 that on the work of thai third day would depend the destiny of 
 the cause. 
 
 At daylight on the morning of the 3d the batteries of the 
 Twelfth corps open on Ewell's men, who are threatening our lines 
 at Culp's Hill, and after a vigorous cannonade cease firing to per- 
 
 85 
 
mit our infantry to advance to the charge. But Johnson does not 
 await that cliarge, but hurls liis battalions against our line with 
 fearful impetuosity. He charges in three successive lines, and when 
 he is checked there comes a hand to hand conflict among the rocks 
 that is cruel and murderous. Our reserve artillery is brought into 
 action, and a terrific fire is concentrated on the slopes occupied by 
 the enemy. But for seven hours they hold on with wonderful te- 
 nacity, in the hope of breaking through to the Baltimore pike. At 
 every point, however, they find our line impenetrable. Finally, 
 after a desperate struggle, they are driven back from all the advance 
 ground occupied, and with heavy loss are forced to retire to the 
 left bank of Rock Creek; and at 11 o'clock Slocum has recaptured 
 all his lost ground. The success of our right is complete. 
 
 But the final charge, the last desperate efibrt is yet to come. 
 Lee will not relinquish the field and retire back again into Virginia 
 without one more desperate and supreme struggle to vanquish the 
 Union army. He has faith in his men, and believes that even yet 
 he can break our lines. Anticipating such an efibrt our commander 
 prepared to receive the blow, without knowing where it will fall. 
 Lee himself is at first undecided, but finally determines to direct the 
 assault against the position of the Second Corps at the lelt of Ziegler's 
 Grove. Pickett's Division of three l)rigades that had not been in the 
 fight was chosen to lead the charge. Four brigades under Pettigrew 
 and two under Trimble on the left, and one under Wilcox on the right, 
 are to actively support, while Anderson's otlier brigades are held in 
 reserve. Thus, with three brigades leading and seven brigades sup- 
 porting, the assaulting column is formed, and the whole rebel line is 
 put into position to await and take advantage of the result. 
 
 From 11 to 1 o'clock there was a solemn and ominous stillness; 
 then at a signal one hundred and thirty-eight pieces of rebel cannon 
 opened on our line of batteries on Cemetery Ridge. 
 
 This terrific fire, converging on that portion of our line where the 
 assault was to be made, was soon answered by nearly one hundred 
 guns from our own line, and then for an hour more than two hundred 
 cannon made the heavens and the earth tremble with such a fearful 
 and deafening cannonade as the new world had never known. The 
 air was filled with smoke and fiame. The deadlv missiles shrieked 
 
and howled and screamed and hurtled above and around us. I'he 
 Held is one niiiihty hell of lire and llame, of terror and of horror. 
 Then, to save their ammunition, our batteries ceased liring, and the 
 enemy, thinkinj;- them silenced, st()])ped their fearful cannonade, and 
 alter a few moments of silence their infantry advances. 
 
 Their lines emerge from their shelter and move rapidly lorward in 
 the o])en held. Their banners were fluttering in the breeze, and they 
 march as to a pageant. Our artillery open on them at once, and the 
 daylight shines tiirough their ranks again and again. But they close 
 their ranks splendidly, like veterans, as they are, and come steadily 
 on. Shot, shell and shrainiel greet them at every step. Still they 
 come on. They reach the range of our infantry fire, and the music of 
 our Spring-fields gives them hot welcome. Whole regiments are 
 almost annihilated. Still their shattered lines press forward. And 
 now the soldiers of our line to the right and leit, who witness the 
 terril)le struggle l)ut cannot share in it, cheer their fighting comrades 
 with shouts that almost deafen the roar of the infantry fire, mingling 
 thus with the terror the wildest enthusiasm of l)attle. Still the 
 charging column presses on. They pierce our lirst line, but our men 
 fall back to fight them in the works on the crest of the hill. 
 
 The l)rigades of Hall, and Harrow, and Webb, and Hays, and 
 Stannard, where the fearful shock strikes our line, struggle with 
 terril)le earestness to stay the assault. Pickett's supports fail him 
 right and left. " His officers are all killed or wounded ; his brigades 
 and regiments are lost in a mingled, maddened mob. A hundred men 
 following the fearless Armistead press uj) to and gain our battery line. 
 Here the highest wave of the war of the rebellion was spent. Then 
 back over the field went the wreck of that charging column and its 
 sui)porting brigades. Back over the field, strewing it with their dead 
 and wounded, as the rain of our infantry and the sweep of our 
 batteries drive them back into their defenses, and as they went the 
 cheers of our men that had strengthened the hearts of their fighting 
 comrades were changed into cheers of .joy, and along the crest of 
 Cemetery Hill 50,000 patriot heroes made the Heavens ring with the 
 shouts of triumphant joy. The great battle of freedom was fought 
 and won. The nation shall live! "Thanks be to God.'' 
 
 87 
 
We have given this brief and imperfect glance at the battle of 
 Gettysburg not only to recall its deep significance, but also to refresh 
 our minds with the recital of its imminent peril, of its agonizing 
 suspense, of its terrible fatality, of the vastness of its suffering and 
 sacrifice, of the glory of its heroism and the joy of its great victory. 
 
 The most far-reaching results and wider and deeper meaning of 
 that victory, however, come not from regarding it with the thought of 
 a soldier as a mere military engagement. Nor does the great signifi- 
 cance of this victory rest upon the fact that the soldiers of the Union 
 army had triumphed over the men of the South. The true meaning 
 and the real glory of that triumph consists in the fact that in this 
 great war of ideas, which was to be fought out by the two armies, the 
 fatal heresies of secession and the degrading doctrines of slavery had 
 been shot to death, or at least fatally wounded at Gettysburg. The 
 faith of the army, and the faith of the people in the results of that 
 battle were not disappointed. 
 
 From that day the stars in our banner shone brighter, and the 
 complete triumph of our arms and of our cause was, in the i'aith of 
 the army and of the people, only a question of time. There may be 
 those who think that the victory of our cause was not, and is not yet 
 complete. These monuments which we dedicate to-day will remind 
 such that the battle has been fought and won, and that he is neither 
 wise nor patriotic who seeks to defeat the legitimate results of that 
 final settlement. 
 
 I have seen in the newspaper press recently a discussion as to 
 where the rebel monument to be erected to Picketfs Division should 
 be placed ; whether at the point where the charge began or where it 
 ended. 1 have not been interested in that discussion simply because 
 before I reach that question, I want that other question settled as to 
 the right, or fitness, or significance of placing a rebel monument any- 
 where on the battle-field of Gettysburg, or for that matter, anywhere 
 upon the soil of this Republic. I do not believe there is another 
 nation in the civilized world that would permit a rebel monument to 
 stand upon its soil for a single day, and I can see neither wisdom nor 
 patriotism in building them here. 
 
 So, too, we have observed that ever since the war ended in the 
 triumph of our cause, there have been those of our people who 
 
 88 
 
^ .tam m* . ^-1^ 
 
 «■ 
 
 
 J^EDirfHESTAT^U^Htt 
 
seemed regretful that it was so; and these have all the time been 
 tryinii; to apologize for what the Union army had to do. They seem to 
 say to our brethren of the South, "After all, you were liall' riiilil and 
 we were half wrong. Let us acknowledge our mutual errors and be 
 friends. Let us mingle the blue and the gray into a beautiful 
 amalgam. Let us engraft the stars and bars upon the stars and 
 stripes. Let the southern rattlesnake coil lovingly around the neck 
 of the northern eagle. Let us note that both sides fought bravely. 
 Let us build Union monuments and rebel monuments and call it a 
 draw.'' Standing here in this sacred place to-day, surrouiHU-d \>y tlie 
 living and the dead, I protest. The war for the defense ol' the 
 Nation's life was right, wholly right, eternally right, and the war 
 made to destroy the Rei^ublic and build up the slave power was 
 Avrong, wholly and eternally wrong. The rebellion, iu its ince])ti()n 
 and prosecution, in its spirit, and in its purpose, was a monstrous 
 crime, and the men who offered their lives to put it down were alike 
 the defenders of the Nation and the benefactors of the race. It is 
 true that the war is over, but it is equally true that by the arbitrament 
 to which the question was referred, the victory of republican govern- 
 ment and free civilization is won, let them both be recorded. And 
 now we say to the men who fought us on this iield, and to the peojjle 
 of the South, "We welcome you to all that we enjoy as citizens of 
 the Republic which we defended. In that Repul)lic you shall be our 
 peers, but not our masters." We rejoice in the " nortliern invasion'" 
 of capital and labor, and skill and enterprise and educational equij)- 
 ment that to-day is helping to build up the waste places in the South, 
 to develop her boundless resources, and bring to her a prosperity 
 and a greatness never known before. Not in envy, but with ghnluess 
 and delight we hail the '''New South,"'' happy and prosperous and free, 
 and thus it shall be that not for the happiness and glory of the North 
 alone, but for the prosperity and glory of the South as well. Nay, tor 
 the freedom and ha])])iness of all our people; Puritan and Huguenot, 
 (q^uaker and Cavalier, native and foreign born ; for our people of every 
 section and race and creed, the Republic shall live. And now as one 
 State, in the great i)atriotic sisterhood of States Avhich, on tiiis tield, 
 plighted in the blood of their sons eternal fealty to the Republic, 
 Ohio comes to-day, and by these, her tributes says to the world 
 
 89 
 
the deeds of deathless valor enacted on this field, inspired by love of 
 country and love of liberty, are worthy to be written on tables of 
 stone to be read by future ages, even as they are worthy to be 
 treasured in the hearts of a grateful people. Then while these massive 
 blocks and columns stand their fame shall endure, and when through 
 the centuries these shall have crushed to dust, so that their legends 
 no longer tell the matchless story of loyalty and heroism, still, in the 
 hearts of the lovers of liberty throughout the world, shall live the 
 memory and fame of the men who fought for the life of the American 
 Republic on the field of Gettysburg. 
 
 Before the benediction letters were read from General Carl Schurz 
 and General John Gibbon regretting their inability to comply with the 
 invitation to be present. Both letters were highly complimentary to 
 the conduct of the Ohio troops in the battle. 
 
 Salute to tl7e (D\}io D<^ab 
 
 At the close of the exercises at the Rostrum the Fourteenth Regi- 
 ment National Guard was drawn up, and stood with inverted arms 
 around that portion of the National Cemetery known as the Ohio sec- 
 tion, the graves in which had been beautifully decorated with flags and 
 flowers, the latter the gift of the ladies of Gettysburg and vicinity. 
 The section irom Battery E, First Ohio Light Artillery, then proceeded 
 to fire a salute to the Ohio Dead of the Battle, but only a few rounds 
 had been discharged when, by a premature explosion. Corporal Oros 
 Grisso, who was No. 1 in the section, was severely and, as the sequel 
 proved, fatally injured. This melancholy accident was a painful close 
 to what was otherwise a most beautiful and appropriate ceremony. 
 
 Special Dedicatory (Exercises 
 
 During the afternoon special reunion and dedicatory exercises 
 were held at the memorials of the Fourth and One Hundred and 
 Seventh Infantry by former soldiers of those regiments and their 
 friends. Both these meetings were largely attended. 
 
 90 
 
^^ourtl] 3nfantnj I)c^icatioit 
 
 The exercises at tlie Fourth Infantry nieniorial were as foHows, 
 Ooh)nel L. W. (Uir])enter ])residin^-: 
 
 Music — By the Fourteenth Regiment O. N. G. Band. 
 
 Prayer — By Rev. W. E. Moore, Chaplain Fourteenth Regiment O. N. G. 
 
 Introductory Remarks — By Col. L. W. Carpenter. 
 
 Song — By Fourteenth Regiment O. N. G. Quartette. 
 
 Unveiling of the Monument — By Adjt. Wm. W. Walhice. 
 
 Memorial Address — By Maj. Gen. S. S. Carroll. 
 
 Music — Fourteenth Regiment O. N. G. Band. 
 
 Address — By Col. J. H. Carr. 
 
 Song — "America" — By the Fourteenth Regiment Quartette, auilience joining 
 
 in the chorus. 
 Benediction. 
 
 0ne f)unbreb anb Serentl] infantry Dobication 
 
 The exercises at the One Hundred and iSeventh Infantry memorial 
 were as follows, Major A. Vignos presiding : 
 
 Prayer — By Rev. W. O. Siffert, Co A, Newcomerstown, Ohio. 
 
 Music — "America" — Sung by the audience, Miss Blanche Vignos, organist. 
 
 Unveiling of Monument — Capt. John M. Lutz, Co. E, Cleveland, Ohio. 
 
 Memorial Address — Captain A. J. Rider, Navarre, Ohio. 
 
 Music— "Tenting on the Old Camp Ground." 
 
 Impromptu Addresses — Gen. Ed. S. Meyer, Co. C, Cleveland, Ohio; Gen. W. 
 
 Noble, Seventeenth Connecticut, Bridgeport, 
 
 Conn.; Col. John S. Cooper, Chicago, 111.; Capt. 
 
 George Billow, Co. I, Akron, Ohio; Rev. W. O. 
 
 Siflert, and others. 
 Music — "The Evergreen Shore" — Misses Vignos and Lutz, Mr. R. A. Lyttle, 
 Bendersville, Pa., and others, the audience joining in the chorus. 
 Benediction. 
 
 CrDcntymintt] 3nfantri] €ncampmcnt 
 
 Members of the Twenty-ninth Ohio Infantry Association pitched 
 an encampment near their memorial, in the woods on (Hdp's Hill, and 
 there enjoyed a reunion. 
 
 Various other regimental reunions, more or less numenjiisly 
 attended, were held. 
 
 91 
 
(Di}io (£amp ^ire 
 
 In the evening a very interesting "Ohio Camp Fire" took place at 
 the Court House, General J. S. Robinson presiding. 
 
 Siakmmis of (Expenbtturcs 
 
 For detailed statements of the expenditures made by the Commis- 
 sion from the appropriations ibr the Gettysburg memorials reference is 
 made "to the current annual reports of the Adjutant-General and 
 Auditor of State. 
 
 (£arc of tt^e HIcmorials 
 
 The Governor being ex-officio a director of the Battle-Field Memo- 
 rial Association, with power to appoint a proxy when unable to attend 
 personally the meetings of the Association, it is respectfully suggested 
 that provision should be made for the annual inspection of the memo- 
 rials by the Governor or his substitute, with a view to securing proper 
 care of these noble monuments. 
 
 publication 2?cque5te6 
 
 In conclusion it should be stated that numerous petitions have 
 been received by the Commission from former soldiers requesting pub- 
 lication of a full account of the dedicatory proceedings, including the 
 programme and addresses, in pamphlet form. As this report embodies 
 the substance of all that is contemplated in these petitions, its publi- 
 cation will doubtless be accepted as a satisfactory compliance there- 
 with. It seems highly desirable, however, that the report, when 
 published, should be accompanied by accurate drawings of all the 
 memorials, and it is respectfully suggested that, for this purpose, 
 together with the publication of the report, a special appropriation 
 should be made by the General Assembly. 
 
 92 
 
^ 
 
 Postscript -^ 
 
 Columbus, Ohio, June 30, 1888. 
 
 Since the delivery of the foregoing report, the remaining duties 
 with which the Memorial Commission is charged by law have been 
 substantially fulfilled. 
 
 On the 9th of January, 1888, a change in the membership of the 
 Commission took place by the retirement of Hon. Emil Kiesewetter, 
 owing to the expiration of his term of office as Auditor of State. Mr. 
 Kiesewetter was succeeded by Hon. E. W. Poe, Auditor ol' State 
 elect. 
 
 The memorial of the Eighth Ohio Infantry was completed under 
 the contract originally made with R. R. King, of Norwalk, Ohio, and 
 was erected upon the battle-field during the month of Fel)ruary last. 
 It stands upon tlie position held by the regiment, on the Emmittsburg 
 Road. 
 
 A i)roposition from the Battle-held Memorial Association to place 
 beside each of the four Ohio battery memorials a piece of artillery of 
 the same kind and calibre as used in the battle, was accepted by the 
 Ohio Commission. Four guns suitable for this purpose were doiuited 
 l)y the National (Tovernment, and have been mounted upon iron 
 carriages, and placed as proposed hy the Association. Tlie entire 
 expense to the Commission of procuring, mounting, and placing these 
 guns was two hundred dollars. They comprise three brass twelve- 
 pounder pieces, placed one of them with each of the memorials to 
 Batteries I, K, and L, and one six-pounder Parrott gun, placed with 
 the memorial to Battery H. 
 
 All debts incurred under contracts for the memorials have been 
 fully paid, leaving an unexpended balance of the original appropria- 
 
tions, from which balance the Commission has been authorized to 
 apply the sum of one thousand dollars to the publication of its 
 report. The act of the General Assembl}^ conferring this authority of 
 publication is as follows: 
 
 [House Bill No. 231.] 
 
 AN ACT 
 
 To authorize the Gettysburg Memorial Commission to publish its report in pam- 
 phlet form and making an appropriation therefor. 
 
 kSECTiON 1. Be it enacted hy the General Assembly of the State of 
 Ohio^ That the Gettysburg Memorial Commission is hereby authorized 
 to have printed in pamphlet form, five thousand (5,000) copies of the 
 official report of that commission, said publication to contain an accu- 
 rate photo-engraving or other suitable drawing of each one of the 
 twenty memorials erected by the State under the auspices of said com- 
 mission on the battle field at Gettysburg. 
 
 Sec. 2. The distribution of said report when printed shall be as 
 follows : Two thousand copies by the General Assembly ; two thousand 
 copies by the Gettysburg Memorial Commission, and one thousand 
 copies by the Adjutant-General. 
 
 Sec. 3. Said commission is hereby authorized to pay the expense 
 of engraving and printing said official report, out of the unexpended 
 balance appropriated by the act passed April 21, 1886, entitled "An 
 act to amend and supplement an act entitled 'an act to appropriate 
 money to purchase lands upon which to erect a monument to the 
 memory of the soldiers of Ohio who died upon the battle-field of 
 Gettysburg.'" 
 
 Sec. 4. After the printing herein authorized shall have been 
 completed, the engraved plates purchased and used for the illustration 
 thereof, shall be deposited with the Adjutant-General for permanent 
 safe keeping. 
 
 Sec 5. This act shall take eff'ect on its passage. 
 
 NOAH H. ALBAUGH, 
 
 Speaker pro tern, of the House of Representatives. 
 
 WM. C. LYON, 
 
 President of the Senate. 
 Passed March 30, 1888. 
 
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