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 Copyright, 1900, Detroit Photographic Co. 
 
 DELAWARE WATER GAP, PENNSYLVANIA. 
 Where Water, Cloud and Mountain Meet. 
 
GHOST OF THE GLACIER 
 
 AND OTHER TALES. 
 
 WILL BOGERT HUNTER, 
 
 
 
 ISSUED BY 
 
 LACKAWANNA RAILROAD 
 
 LINE OF LEGEND, LORE AND BEAUTY- 
 
THE HENRY O. SHEPARD CO.. 
 
 PRINTERS AND BINDERS, 
 
 212-214 MONROE STREET, CHICAGO. 
 
GHOST OF THE GLACIER. 
 
 A STORY OF THE MAKING OF THE JERSEY HIGH- 
 LANDS. 
 
 Copyright. 1900, by Will Bogert Hunter. 
 
 ANY years ago, so many that my age is but 
 feebly shown by my heavy progress o'er the 
 solid rocks, I came down from the frigid north. 
 Even then my age was beyond compute 
 and the days of my youth were of the misty 
 past. 
 
 Misty, indeed, for I was born of a fleecy 
 cloud that was wooed by a cold-hearted king, 
 who met her one aeon as she drifted gaily 
 through infinite space. She thought to warm his cold heart 
 with her brightness and loveliness ; but his was the stronger 
 nature, and by slow degrees she, too, grew cold. Then I 
 was born, a pure, white, soft, little being who reflected my 
 mother's beauty and grace — though, in truth, I was hand- 
 somer than she. 
 
 They named me Snow Flake, and as Snow Flake I danced 
 merrily through the ethereal blue — but, sad be it to relate — 
 always downward. One day my wings failed me and I sank 
 upon the cold bosom of my affinity. After the wedding I 
 became Ice. Day by day we grew and multiplied until our 
 kind and kin o'erspread the earth about us and we reared 
 our proud, white heads far into space. We grew mightily 
 in strength, too, and smothered in our close embrace giant 
 animals that strode with mighty tread over us in our first 
 weakness. 
 
 We were greatly attached to our resting-place on the 
 quiet earth and thought always to stay there. But our kin 
 in the uplands coveted it and they brought strenuous 
 pressure on us to give way to them. So one day we began 
 to move. 
 
GHOST OF THE GLACIER. 
 
 lotta's home, 
 hopatcong. 
 
 Sad, indeed, was that day of the first unrest, for so com- 
 pletely did the moving humor possess us that never from 
 that day were we content to remain long in any place. 
 
 In these days I have seen humans ruled by this same 
 restless spirit. 
 
 So restless did we become that our very disposition 
 
 changed, and it came to pass that we were called Glaciers. 
 
 It was strange the completeness with which the territorial 
 
 expansion doctrine ruled. From the tender, clinging Snow 
 
 Flake, and the 
 contented, home- 
 staying wife of the 
 Ice King I . had 
 grown heartless 
 and restless. I 
 presume it was 
 because of the 
 constant change 
 of habitation. 
 
 I have seen 
 women in these 
 days develop from 
 light-hearted, win- 
 some wives into 
 querulous scolds 
 from the same cause. The ambition for advancement sup- 
 planted every kindly instinct. We existed only to push 
 onward. Our might was right, and whatever opposed our 
 progress we ruthlessly despoiled or abducted. Great rocks 
 we broke easily from the mountain side, and carried away 
 prisoners in our icy clasp. Crags that stood more secure 
 we surrounded, and our powerful, steady advance carried 
 them bodily with us. Great trees, beside which those of 
 today are pigmies, we uprooted and held in bondage. The 
 thin, loose mantle of dirt with which Mother Earth had 
 partially covered her nakedness, we tore from her. 
 
 Behind we left naught save here and there a rocky king 
 that our mighty force could not conquer. 
 
 What a force is that of environment ! The giant rocks 
 which had lain for aeons in sober tranquillity had never 
 dreamed of ill until we possessed them with the spirit of 
 motion. Surrounded by us constantly and moved by our 
 example they became as ruthless and destructive as our- 
 
GHOST OF THE GLACIER. 
 
 selves. Because of their greater coherence they were valuable 
 allies in our advance of destruction. They tore gaping 
 wounds in the mountain sides. They gouged out great 
 crevices in the plains. They left cruel scars for every 
 contact. 
 
 We were a mighty force in our resistless onv\ard sweep. 
 We lowered mountain tops and filled valleys. O'er mighty 
 streams we threw our icy arms and turned their merry mur- 
 murings to the silence of death. We crushed and leveled 
 and changed their beds, and later, when our arch enemy, the 
 South Wind, freed them of their fetters, they were forced to 
 find others. 
 
 For aeons we pressed away from our native land in the 
 frigid north. Behind us were ever-increasing forces, pushing 
 us irresistibly onward, swarming mightily over all that we 
 had conquered. It seemed that our triumphant march must 
 continue until the end of time. 
 
 Little did we realize in our proud advance what awaited 
 us. So long and so steadily had we moved forward, over- 
 coming ever>^ obstacle and conquering every enemy, that we 
 thought ourselves invincible. 
 
 As we drew nearer to that land which now is called Jersey 
 we occasionally met scouts of our arch enemy the South 
 Wind. It became evident that a battle was before us. We 
 for the first time began careful observations from the loftiest 
 eminences occupied by our forces. 
 
 Before us was a land of traditions. It had fought many 
 battles with the waves. Internal troubles at various times 
 had rent it. In the early ages of the world it had escaped, 
 by the aid of some unseen power, from the bondage 
 of the sea. 
 
 Soon the forces called Rivers began their plot- 
 ting, and they tore great rents deep and wide in the 
 comparatively level plain. Then the flood came in 
 again, but it was not able to recapture all that it 
 had lost. Again 
 the powerful friend 
 of the land came 
 to its aid and a 
 second escape 
 from the sea was 
 effected. Seven 
 
 CHINCOPEE BRIDGE, 
 HOPATCONG. 
 
 '"^1 
 
 ^-=!!'?il»^^f 
 
GHOST OF THE GLACIER, 
 
 such battles were fought before the sea, driven back in the 
 last encounter, gave up the tight. 
 
 As a result of these battles and of the dissensions of 
 the River forces, what once had been a level plain with 
 the Palisades and the Kittitiny mountains for its borders 
 was a region of mountains and valleys and plains. 
 
 This land, as we now viewed it, was of decaying beauty. 
 Great trees stood in legions. Btneath were carpets that once 
 must have been like the emerald in hue. Now all was 
 seared and brown. Once they had been fed by neighboring 
 streams, but now these rushing rivers had cut great gorges 
 
 LAKE HOPATCONG. 
 
 Copyritjlit, 1900, Detroit Photographic Co. 
 
 far below the tree land and the grass land. Once, too, the 
 Sun had wooed these rivers ardently, so ardently that their 
 spirits had sought to join with his. But theirs was an uphill 
 journey, and before it was scarce begun their ardor cooled 
 and they dropped again to bring life and happiness and 
 brightness to the trees and the flowers. Now the spirits of 
 the sweeping streams were deep down where the Sun God 
 never strayed and his loves no longer brought gladness to 
 the withering plants. 
 
 Among these brown trees, eking out meager existence, 
 moved animals which we had not known in the far north 
 
GHOST OF THE GLACIER, 
 
 land. Captured spies of the South Wind told us of many 
 others whicii they had seen in their long pilgrimages. 
 " Biting Beast," showing his enormous long incisors, fought 
 with "Fearful Horn," a cruel brute that shook in rage 
 three pairs of giant antlers. "Beast of the Uintas " and 
 "Avenging Horn" roamed side by side. "Mixed Tooth," 
 part hog, part sheep; "Strong Tooth," of ponderous 
 bulk; "Thunder Beast," his great head armed with giant 
 horns; "Saber Tooth," with fearful, tearing teeth, and 
 " Hyaena Tooth," were these denizens of the brown wood. 
 It was said, too, that in far countries was a strange animal 
 
 that walked erect and fashioned stone into curious imple- 
 ments and he was called "Man." 
 
 In the midst of this prospective battlefield was a great 
 lake. Its waves lapped the edges of the mountains. Little 
 islands here and there dotted its surface. Some of these 
 were mere peaks lifting their slender crests above fathoms 
 of water. Where now nestle pretty towns, Montville, Chat- 
 ham, Morristown, Millington, the waters of this great lake 
 flowed tranquilly. Convent now is built on one of the 
 islands. On the shores of the ancient bay rests Morris 
 Plains. On a peninsula once lapped by icy waves stands 
 
GHOST OF THE GLACIER. 
 
 GI.ACIAI. SHORE 
 LAKK HOPATCONG. 
 
 Basking Ridge. It was not a tempting spot for our battle 
 with tlie South Wind, but we had conquered in rougher 
 country to the north, and, conscious of our great strength, 
 we went forth in our slow, deliberate way to battle. 
 
 * * v!- 
 
 Steadily and boldly we pushed forward. The scouts of 
 the South Wind were met more frequently and in increasing 
 numbers. Occasional bodies of skirmishers harassed us 
 sadly. The white blood of our slain began to flow, and after 
 some encounters it gathered in tiny lakelets or gurgled on 
 in little rivulets. Ihough our advance was but slightly 
 checked, we began to realize that our previous battles were 
 to be as naught compared to this. 
 
 We pressed steadily forward. At night, while the enemy 
 slept, we reenforced our fighting line. Each morning we 
 presented a solid front. We laughed at the feebleness of the 
 South Wind. We strove to think that we were all-powerful. 
 As the days passed we advanced with greater difficulty. 
 Our losses increased steadily. We began to fear for our 
 
 position, and to 
 make it more se- 
 cure we dug deeper 
 into the earth and 
 threw up ahead of 
 us mighty breast- 
 works of rocks and 
 stones. Each day 
 the fight grew fierc- 
 er. The South 
 Wind threw its 
 lances against us in 
 solid masses during 
 all the hours of light. Our front was bruised 
 and battered. The life-blood of our slain 
 flowed in rivers. We were sorely pressed 
 by a single foe, and now the Sun, too, was 
 giving evidence of joining with the South Wmd. This 
 probable alliance troubled us. 
 
 Still we pushed on not disheartened. Had we not 
 unnumbered legions ever coming down from the north ! 
 Were we not making steady progress ! Had we e'er lost 
 in battle ! We had advanced so that our center rested at 
 the edge of one of the prettiest lakes in all the world which 
 
GHOST OF THE GLACIER. 
 
 we builded as one of our monuments. 
 Red men in later years called it, because 
 of its purity, Hopatcong. We had en- 
 countered Lake Passaic and dwarfed it. 
 Its compressed waters, striving to escape, 
 had cut great gashes in the solid rock. 
 Our left had advanced to the sea, where 
 a mighty river, since called Raritan, 
 emptied a torrent. Other legions had 
 pushed on down a valley in which flowed 
 a mighty river that was wearing a great 
 gap in a mountain range to escape to 
 the sea. Not far below this place, since 
 called Water Gap of the Delaware, rested 
 the van of our right. Our front, therefore, was nearly a per- 
 fect semi-circle. 
 
 Beyond this line we never advanced far. Each day's 
 battle was fiercer than that preceding. The powerful Sun 
 brought all his forces to the aid of the South Wind. He 
 hurled unseen missiles that tore through our phalanxes, 
 rending them from top to bottom. On the flanks of these 
 dismembered legions the South Wind descended pitilessly. 
 We were harassed also from beneath. Our white blood 
 flowed in torrents from our giant wounds and the raging 
 streams tore through the great bulwarks of earth we had 
 builded. Great bowlders from these fortifications were car- 
 ried away into the enemy's country. Smaller rocks were 
 borne forth in almost solid streams. 
 
 We could no longer bring down in the night time sufficient 
 of our forces to replace the fallen. We were unable to repair 
 our shattered breastworks. We could not even creep up 
 close to their sheltering walls as before. 
 
 To add to our misfortune the great weight of the forces 
 we had raised seemed to have tilted the earth downward to 
 the north, and the reinforcements came with less haste. One 
 day these reserxes began a retreat. It was evident that we 
 of the van were to be deserted. Still the South Wind and 
 the Sun pelted us each day more fiercely than before. 
 
 There was for us no alternative. We began the retreat. 
 Our backward movement was much more rapid, for our 
 enemy was growing stronger. It seemed that we were to be 
 annihilated. 
 
 We determined to make one more stand. Back to our 
 
GHOST OF THE GLACIER. 
 
 aid came the reserves, and once again the tide of battle 
 changed. We held our ground. Again we moved forward 
 
 'Twas the- saiiK' story as of old— the steady advance 
 against odds that mowed us down; the building of fortifi- 
 cations, only to liave them torn and rent by the blood of our 
 slain — and again the retreat. 
 
 Our second advance never reached the old firing line ; 
 the second retreat went on through centuries. 
 
 OLD LAKK PASSAIC 
 OUTLET. 
 
 It was during the second desperate battle that I met my 
 fate. 1 was in the very van, leading on that forlorn hope. 
 
 About me our 
 forces were melt- 
 ing away under 
 the fierce on- 
 slaught of the 
 vSouth Wind and 
 the Sun. Their 
 forces poured in 
 upon us legion 
 upon legion. They 
 cut and slashed 
 w i t h invisible 
 weapons upon our 
 front and upon 
 each wing of our 
 line. I was leading on in that awful strife, striving only to 
 advance, thinking never to retreat. Before I realized it the 
 enemy had surrounded me and my retreat- was cut off. 
 
 Proud in my great strength I deigned not to retreat. 1 
 moved defiantly forward, though surrounded constantly by 
 the foe. Sadly did the enemy harass me. Each day they 
 attacked me from all sides, their fierce darts ever wearing 
 me away. I felt myself growing weaker. I knew tiiat the 
 persistent attacks of the foe must some day encompass my 
 destruction. 
 
 Still I progressed with stateliness and dignity. Only once 
 did T deign to show to my foes the desperate strait I was 
 in. That day I had been driven to the edge of a steep 
 declixity on the edge of Lake Passaic. Thinking to escape 
 the pitiless attacks of those about me I took a sudden start 
 toward the deep waters. 
 
 Oh, the exhilaration of that swift race from the enemy ! 
 
GHOST OF THE GLACIER. 
 
 I regained all my old strength. My desperate situation 
 added power to what I had known in my most puissant 
 days. I plunged forward like the rush of a meteor. I 
 crushed all before me. I dashed from my glistening sides 
 great clouds of debris. I knew for the first time the joys of 
 rapid, destructive motion. On, on, on I dashed like the 
 whirlwind. With a wild plunge that threw above me great 
 clouds of spray I sank beneath the waters of the lake. 
 
 Here my plight was even more pitiful. The waters in 
 which I had thought to find retreat lifted my head into the 
 enemy's country, and again I was subjected to the scorch- 
 ing, invisible fire. And while the Wind and the Sun 
 showed me no pity, the waters beat upon me and sapped 
 my strength. 
 
 To this uneven struggle there could be but one end. One 
 day, a tiny bit of glistening ice, I sank into the blue waters 
 and cast my lot w-ith them. 
 
 Years afterward, as I glistened alone on the rocks, a ray 
 of Sunshine kissed my trembling lips, and my love carried 
 me, a vapory cloud, toward the blue heavens. 
 
 I became the Ghost of the Glacier. 
 
 I took for my home a great peak rising from the edge of 
 that lake now called Hopatcong, and from that eminence I 
 watched through many centuries. 
 
 I saw the remaining forces of my old brethren, the Gla- 
 ciers, pushed further and further into the northland. Their 
 old fortifications could be discerned on every hand. In 
 some places, where 
 these had been 
 thrown across val- 
 leys, they had im- 
 prisoned the spark- 
 ling waters, and 
 beautiful lakes 
 we re formed. 
 Such a one was 
 that which danced 
 merrily at the foot 
 of the peak which 
 made my home. 
 In other places the 
 waters had worn 
 
 LAKE LEFT 
 BV THE GLACIER. 
 
GHOST OF THE GLACIER, 
 
 SINCE MAN CAME 
 TO HOPATCONG. 
 
 channels through the fortifications, and were leaping in 
 sparkling torrents to the plain below. 
 
 When the Glacier had long been driven far into the 
 northland a great change became apparent. Over the 
 mountains and the plains a soft carpet of green was spread, 
 more beautiful far than I ever had seen before. Trees, 
 smaller but prettier than the old, and flowers and ferns and 
 mosses, took their being. These the winds wooed and the 
 Sun kissed and the dewdrops lost their hearts to them, and 
 they grew fairer day by day. 
 
 Strange animals found their way hither from the south- 
 land, smaller, daintier, more graceful than the old. 
 
 Then came one day that animal that walks erect and which 
 is called Man. Red was his skin, and lithe and strong his 
 step. About our pretty paradise he builded tradition 
 strange and fanciful. 
 
 Then came the stronger Man, the pale face whose won- 
 derful ways threw a gloom over the Red brother and drove 
 him far away. These pale faces I watched for years, saw 
 them build rude houses by the shores of the tiny lakes and 
 upon the sides of the mountains ; saw these old houses 
 dwarfed by greater as the tribes increased ; saw happy 
 crowds come from the great cities to live for a time in the 
 beauty and exhilaration of the little paradise over which I 
 presided. As I watch these crowds grow greater. Some 
 are on pleasure bent, some covet quiet homes among the 
 mountains, some seek, not in vain, renewal of the life that 
 is sapped in the fires of the city. 
 
 At times I am visible for an instant to these present deni- 
 zens of my paradise. Just at dusk a tiny cloud sometimes 
 rises from my mountain top, and men see and wonder. The 
 wise tell that once upon a time an Indian, one of the last of 
 his race, was killed here in a mighty struggle with a bear. 
 Bruin was his totem, and the Great Spirit rules that whoso- 
 ever among his red 
 children shall slay 
 that animal which 
 is his totem, never 
 shall enter the hap- 
 py hunting ground. 
 So Quaquahela, 
 the unfortunate red 
 man, erected his 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 spirit wigwam on his last battleground, promising the rem- 
 nant of his clan to accompany their expeditions, and that 
 when he returned to his teepee they would know it by the 
 rising smoke from his camp tire. He told them 
 also that whenever they gave him a friendly call 
 he would answer. 
 
 To this day, in damp or wet weather, a 
 
 Copyright, 1900, 
 
 jgraphic Co 
 
 thin vapor rises from the mountain, and if a shout be given 
 an answer rolls back. 
 
 Men say it is the camp fire and the cry of Quaquahela. 
 
 It is the form and voice of the Ghost of the Glacier. 
 
 HOPATCONG-^^LAKE GEORGE OF NEW JERSEY/^ 
 
 Nestled amid the highlands of New Jersey, reflecting the 
 thousand beauties of the surrounding mountains, a diamond 
 in the sunlight, an emerald in the shadow of the shores, a 
 turquoise mirroring the sky, lies Lake Hopatcong. 
 
 To gaze upon waters far less entrancing, to view shores 
 less rugged and broken, to wander over mountains not 
 approaching these in wild, picturesque beauty, Americans 
 every year brave the dangers of the deep, leaving behind 
 thousands to dream of the storied, song-sung lakes of the 
 continent. Each year from the great cities and towns and 
 villages of the teeming east travels northward a throng that 
 seeks the lakes "of the mountains." Lake George, the 
 favored sailing ground of the eastern hills, lies three hundred 
 odd feet above the level of the sea. Lake Hopatcong, the 
 highest navigable lake within three hundred and fifty miles 
 of New York — so like the other that it has been named 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 SWARTSWOOD l-AKR, 
 NKW JERSEY. 
 
 "Lake George of New Jersey" — lies nearly one thousand 
 feet above the line against which the billows of the Atlantic 
 break in endless harmony. Mountain breezes, sweet with 
 the fragrance of the pines, laden with life, blow and woo and 
 sigh in the woodlands and ripple its quiet waters. Surround- 
 ing peaks lift verdure-clad heads more than a thousand feet 
 into a summer sky that seems always to smile. 
 
 About none of the lakes of the continent or of the world 
 that is called New is there more of history, more of romance, 
 more of song. Created by the great Glacier, its rugged 
 shores tell to the student the story of the formation of the 
 world. Here the red man builded his home before the 
 India-seeking ships of Spain turned westward from Palos. 
 He it was who gave to it its musical name and who chris- 
 tened the mountains and the valleys and the singing streams. 
 Within an hour's journey, in mountain fastnesses just like 
 these, the tattered remnant of the army of freedom beat back 
 the red-coats of England. Among these same hills iron 
 was first made in the New World to be hurled from Ameri- 
 can guns against the hosts of Britain. Its waters feed one of 
 the first of America's artificial highways of trade and travel, 
 an old canal along which still moves a lazy commerce. 
 Forty-two miles away is the great, throbbing city of New 
 York. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 HOPATCONG STATION, NEW JERSEY. 
 
 Along the old feeder of the canal is- one of the favorite 
 ways of reaching the lake from the railroad station of Hopat- 
 cong, probably the most unique depot in existence, for its plat- 
 form serves the extremes of travel — the up-to-date railroad 
 express and the slow-moving canal boat. Stepping from the 
 train the traveler crosses this twenty-foot platform to a tiny 
 steamer, which, after much ado, saucily pokes her nose 
 toward the deeper middle water of the canal. A half mile 
 
 of the broad 
 waterway and 
 the diminu- 
 tive vessel 
 sails under a 
 tow-path 
 bridge into 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 the narrow feeder, an avenue of trees and flowers and fra- 
 grance. Then comes a lock, in which the little boat is 
 imprisoned between walls of great gray stone rising sixteen 
 feet on either side. The gate behind closed and all sight 
 of the world except a tiny square of sky shut out, there 
 comes a great rush of tumbling water into the narrow 
 prison and the launch rises gracefully until the low deck 
 commands again a view of the beauty about it. The next 
 few turns of the propeller bring it into the waters of Lake 
 Hopatcong and it starts in earnest for the various summer old. old 
 resorts and private 
 homes about the 
 lake. 
 
 If a larger boat 
 b e w anted the 
 traveler, landing 
 from the train, 
 may cross a 
 bridge over the 
 canal to a near-by 
 pier where a little 
 steamer floats 
 gracefully at her 
 dock on an arm 
 of the lake. Once 
 
 fairly under way copyright, 1900, Detroit Pliotograpliic Co. 
 
 this little boat will take her passenger along the narrow bay to 
 the broader expanse beyond, and the chances are that this 
 boat will meet the other just as the gurgling lock coughs 
 it out. 
 
 Once fairly established in any of the numerous fine 
 hotels, comfortable country houses or white tents of the 
 camping grounds there are before our tra\eler days and 
 weeks of delightful explorations by boat, by horse and on 
 foot. He will have sailed many days over the sparkling 
 waters before he has exhausted all the points of interest — 
 and after all have been visited he will wish to go back and 
 see them the second and the third time and many more. 
 
 Halsey Island, the site of an Indian village of days gone 
 by, perchance will reveal to him one of the old hearth- 
 stones ; it may be that the ancient burying ground will give 
 up to him a relic of a red man's grave. He will hear how 
 Brandt, the Mohawk, came down from the north and induced 
 
 STORY ON 
 D CANAL. 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 the peace-loving Naritcongs to join with the Britisli in the 
 massacre of the Minnisink. 
 
 At Sharp's Rock, which hfts its bald head far above the 
 silvery waters, he will hear the story of Tempe Wick, a bold 
 and fearless horsewoman who lo\ed lier steed better than 
 her life^ While Washington was encamped with his army 
 for the winter at Morristown, Tempe journeyed one day 
 close to the lines and her prancing charger caught the eye of 
 an envious dragoon, who immediately gave chase. None 
 could ride like Tempe, none knew the country as well. She 
 reached her home on Sharp's Rock far in advance of her 
 pursuers and led the treasured horse to an up-stairs bedroom, 
 where it remained for many days. 
 
 Bonaparte's Landing will become the text of the story of 
 how Jerome Bonaparte, brother of the idol of France, once 
 visited this lake and became enamored of its beauty. 
 The narrator, too, hardly will fail to rehearse how Bonaparte 
 left a tavern at Budd's Lake, a few miles away, in a terrible 
 
 WHKRE 
 KXTRKMES OF 
 COMMERCE MEET. 
 
 rage because the landlord displayed 
 upon the inn wall a caricature of 
 Bonaparte's illustrious brother. 
 ,. I Over in Chincopee Cove he may not fail 
 
 to hear of the old Naritcong Indian of that 
 name, the last of his race, driven from his camp fire by ter- 
 rible whites who feared the aged savage might go upon the 
 warpath. Old Chincopee is one of the many heroes of the 
 bear and wraith-of-smoke' story. Quaquahela was another. 
 Our traveler will have named to him one or the other accord- 
 ing to the locality in which he wanders. 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 River Styx will be days in revealing all its mysteries. 
 Deep, gloomy, somber" are the shadows there. Mountains 
 frown down from every side. Great trees, overhanging the 
 banks, shut out the sunlight. Long grasses rise like ser- 
 pents at the stern of the boat, trail along with sinuous move- 
 ment and sink into the black depths. The dismal cry of the 
 loon echoes and reechoes. Herons soberly watch the 
 intruding visitor. Perhaps the old hermit lazily may inspect 
 the oarsman's progress up the tree-filled river. 
 
 In Bryam Cove and in Henderson Cove the rocky shores 
 will tower hundreds of feet above his tiny boat. At Nolan's 
 Point, "Little Coney Island" it is called, he will find on a 
 summer evening the wherewithal for much jollity, and at 
 Silver Spring Park, the Lackawanna's picnic grounds, when 
 the train has discharged a throng of pleasure-seekers, he 
 may watch city folk at play to his heart's delight. 
 
 He may sail about Bertram Island, and to Three Sisters 
 Islands to climb the Devil's Staircase leading to an old 
 Indian trail, which, followed, will bring him to Bear Pond 
 and Cupid Cascades and Bishop's Falls. In the southern 
 extremity of the lake he will find Floating Island, the flower- 
 covered acres of which always rest just one foot above water 
 whatever its stage. Raccoon Island will reveal to hirr plit 
 Rock and Henderson's Rock and beautiful Chincupee 
 Bridge. 
 
 When the lake has given up its treasures of interest there 
 remain long and magnificent drives through a mountainous 
 country redolent with the breath of the pines, fragrant with 
 the riches of hundreds of thousands of flowers. To Dover, 
 a hustling manufacturing town ; to Schooley's Mountain, 
 one of the favorite summer resorts of the East and one of 
 the oldest ; to Morristown, where the headquarters of Wash- 
 ington are located ; to Succasunna, where iron was discov- 
 ered ; to Port Morris, a divisional point on the Lackawanna 
 where more coal than ever was dreamed of may be seen ; to 
 Stanhope, where Lake Musconetcong lies tranquilly and 
 peacefully in the sunlight; to Budd's Lake, a dainty emerald 
 in a gorgeous setting; to Lake Denmark, to Green Lake and 
 to Sparta, to which a famous brand of applejack has given 
 fame, these delightful drives will lead him. 
 
 Afoot he may clamber among wilds as picturesque as 
 nature creates anywhere, for on these mountains the hand of 
 the defamer has rested lightly. Square mile after square 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 CRANBERRY LAKIC 
 NEW JKRS1':V. 
 
 mile lies just as the Great Master planned it, and the pleasure- 
 seeker nia}- become also a discoverer. 
 
 During the summer months he will have become a fisher- 
 man, throwing the dainty fly or the luring bait into quiet 
 spots for bass that are said to be the gamiest in all the 
 eastern country. In the Musconetcong and other mountain 
 streams he will angle for spotted trout. River Styx will 
 yield to him the long, shiny pickerel. Perch will come to 
 his hook from his boat landing. When the fall arrives he 
 will linger for a try in the woodlands at grouse and wood- 
 
 c o c k and 
 quail, or per- 
 chance a 
 squirrel or a 
 fox. 
 
 Be he an 
 epicure desir- 
 i n g all the 
 luxuries of 
 modern hotel 
 life ; a lover 
 of a country 
 table and an 
 old-fashioned 
 
 chamber ; a dreamer of the rougher delights of camping ; 
 modest in his demands or extravagant ; lavish in purse or 
 with but a humble supply of the coin of the realm, he may 
 find what he wants. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 MOUNT ARLINGTON, NEW JERSEY. 
 
 Mount Arlington is another gateway to Lake Hopatcong. 
 The traveler who takes this route gets only an occasional 
 glimpse of the charming lake until a drive of about a mile 
 over one of the most beautiful roads in all the east has 
 brought him to the edge of the cliffs overlooking the spark- 
 ling water. Carriages from the big hotels about the lake 
 await the traveler at the station. Before the express train 
 has fairly started again the easy vehicles are on their way, 
 winding in and out among the hills, crossing rustic bridges 
 that span glens filled with ferns and flowers and mosses, 
 always through an avenue of trees that interlace their 
 
LACKA WANNA J^ESOI^TS. 
 
 branches above. The mountain air is fresh and invigo- 
 rating, the beauty quiet and restful. The traveler usually 
 steps from the carriage with a sigh of regret but with an 
 inward promise again to travel this delightful highway. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and co:rplete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 DOVER, NEW JERSEY. 
 
 The original name of this place was Old Tye. As early 
 as 1722 John Jackson built a forge here. Moses Hurd, of 
 Dover, New Hampshire, came to engage in the employ 
 of Mr. Jackson. To Hurd is assigned the credit of the 
 name Dover. In 1826 it was incorporated as a \illage, in 
 1S69 as a town, and in the spring of 1896 as a city. It has a 
 population of 6,000. It is a city of homes, an industrial 
 center, a summer resort, a health emporium, and has possi- 
 bilities commensurate with the demands and growth of all 
 coming time. It is in the Central Highlands of the state, 
 and occupies the highest altitude of any city in New Jersey. 
 It is in the vicinity of many noted summer resorts. In the 
 region adjacent are some of the finest drives to be found 
 .anywhere. Its pure air, choice spring water, and its varied 
 natural conditions contribute to make it a \ery healthy place 
 for residence and business purposes. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 PATERSON, NEW JERSEY. 
 
 Paterson is one of the greatest manufacturing centers in 
 America. Its chief natural attraction is Passaic Falls. 
 Where the waters today break over the cliff for their 
 fall of seventy feet into a narrow chasm the waters of extiwct 
 Lake Passaic fell during the years immediately following the 
 retreat of the Glacier. Through this narrow channel Lake 
 
 Passaic was 
 drained, 
 yielding one 
 of the most 
 fertile and 
 picturesque 
 portions of 
 New Jersey. 
 Except dur- 
 
LACKA WANNA RESORTS. 
 
 PASSAIC FALLS, 
 PATERSON. 
 
 ing high water the fall now has lost much of its former beauty. 
 Commerce has claimed it. It has been bridled in the aid 
 of vast establishments which make Paterson one of the lead- 
 ing manufacturing cities of the world. Yet the water which 
 pours over the artificial barriers erected at the edge of the 
 precipice forms one of the most beautiful falls in the world. 
 It is a fall below the surface of the earth. The chasm into 
 which it pours is but a stone-throw across. 
 
 Paterson was the scene of the first cotton mill in America, 
 Alexander Hamilton fathering an industry which made cloth 
 
 and prints there in 1791. The water-power, which is the 
 finest in the world, attracted the industry. The mill was a 
 failure. It was too far in advance of the times. Silk was 
 made there sixty-five years ago. Today Paterson is one of 
 the leading producers of silks in the world. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 BOONTON, NEW JERSEY.' 
 
 Boonton is one of the most picturesque and interesting 
 towns in all New Jersey. Its altitude and the surrounding 
 pines make it one of the most healthful. From its hills may 
 be seen the magnificent and rich Passaic valley for almost its 
 entire length. Rockaway River and the deep, stony glen 
 through which it flows are sources of constant delight to the 
 lover of nature. Waterfalls of rare beauty, riffles, rapids 
 and musical rills are met at every hand. Rocky gorges and 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 high hills covered with fragrant pine offer a wide field for 
 exploration. Busy mills, fed by torrents rushing from old 
 Morris canal add a new interest. 
 
 The canal itself presents a picture that in a few years must 
 vanish. It is the picture of the first cable railroad. Up a 
 long steel-bound incline connecting the canal at the top of 
 the hill with the canal at the foot runs the giant cradle in 
 which the unwieldy canal-boat is fastened for a short journey 
 by rail. Power is transmitted from a wheel which was 
 erected before the steam railroad ever existed e\en as a 
 dream. Above and below on the canal are other planes 
 up and down which canal-boats ride on cars. 
 
 Down the valley about one mile is 
 all that remains of Old Boonton 
 where the first iron produced in 
 America was molded into cannon 
 balls and transported on the backs of 
 mules to Washington's army. A 
 paper mill, moss-covered and pictur- 
 esque, occupies the site of the old 
 forge. It and a few quaint houses are 
 all that remain of Old Boonton. Its 
 history will exist forever. 
 
 Boonton is a modern city in every 
 respect and the summer home of some of the wealthiest 
 families of New York and the surrounding cities. It is a 
 favorite resort of the tourist on account of its proximity to 
 the metropolis, as well as because of its own numerous 
 attractions. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 HACKETTSTOWN, NEW JERSEY — GATEWAY 
 TO SCHOOLEY^S MOUNTAIN, 
 
 Hackettstown, itself a beautiful town cradled among the 
 Pohatcong Mountains, is the favorite gateway to Schooley's 
 Mountain. 
 
 Schooley's Mountain carries the geologist back over 
 many centuries, and, in a way, represents the general 
 elevation of northern New Jersey prior to the advent of the 
 glacier. Before the coming of the ice northern New Jersey 
 once had a general elevation of about twelve hundred feet 
 above the level of the sea. Schooley's Mountain was stip 
 
 BOONTON FALLS. 
 
 Copyright, 1900, Detroit Photographic Co. 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 posed to have been a slight elevation over what was then 
 nearly a plain. The erosive action of tiie rivers already had 
 cut deep gorges in the comparatively level plain, the effect 
 on Schooley's Mountain having been very slight becausfe of 
 the harder quality of its rock. When the ice came down it 
 gouged deeper the existing valleys and wore down the 
 softer rock. It is supposed that the top was worn off 
 Schooley's Mountain in this way. 
 
 At any rate Schooley's Mountain is a comparatively level 
 plateau some twelve hundred feet above the level of the sea. 
 Here are ricli farm lands and magnificent scenery of every 
 description. Views from this high plateau overlooking 
 Musconetcong Valley to the north and the German Valley to 
 the south are not excelled in beauty in the United States. 
 
 Across this plateau leads one of the oldest and most his- 
 torical roads in the country. By its side is the famous Chaly- 
 beate spring, famed the world over for its medicinal qual- 
 ities. This the Indians discovered long before the advent of 
 the white man and the road over which the pleasure-seeker 
 travels today was the original path of the red man in search 
 of health. Teedyuscung, the renowned king of the Lenni 
 Lenape, is said to have always kept his camp fires burning 
 within three miles of it. 
 
 There was a hotel at this old spring in 1795 and there it 
 stands today, a part of the grounds of a magnificent summer 
 resort. Its rooms are filled with old mirrors and furniture 
 wnth which the hotels of a century ago were furnished. 
 
 This old road later became a regular post route, and in 
 1809 Uncle Sam's men traversed it with great regularity. 
 
 The whole district of Schooley's Mountain is one of inter- 
 est and beauty. One of the most picturesque spots is at the 
 Cararact. Here there is an almost sudden descent of about 
 one hundred feet from the plateau into a rock-clothed valley, 
 down which runs a beautiful mountain brook, leaping from 
 bowlder to bowlder, sending its white spray in showers, rush- 
 ing through crevices, brushing up against the trunks of 
 fallen trees and finally hurrying away down the valley of the 
 Musconetcong. Near the top of the waterfall is a large flat 
 rock, from which is a view down the valley for miles. 
 Another picturesque waterfall is Stryker's Falls. Prospect 
 Hill is reached by a journey through a picturesque raxine and 
 a climb up a steep hill. The view here is to the Blue Ridge 
 Mount.'iins in the distance. Delaware Water Gap may be 
 
LACKAWANNA I^ESORTS. 
 
 seen on a clear day from the higher eminences. Budd's 
 Lake is within easy driving distance. Fine views may be 
 had from Eagle's Nest, Bald Mountain and Drake Hill. 
 One of the finest is from Eagle Rock, reached by clamber- 
 ing up a steep path overgrown with brush. The view is well 
 worth the trouble. The vistas up and down the Musconet- 
 cong Valley are superb. The tortuous path of the river 
 may be traced by the trees which line its banks for miles. 
 Here and there a glint of sunshine falling upon the waters 
 marks clearer its course. Rich pasture lands and fields of 
 green impart a velvety softness to the opposite hills whose 
 natural beauty is broken by the red and white of farmhouses 
 and granaries. A series of mountain ranges beyond fade 
 away from dark green to delicate tints of blue which finally 
 lose themselves in the hazy distance. 
 
 This district is the summer home of many of the wealth- 
 iest of New York, some of whom have journeyed there for 
 nearly half a century. Fine hotels with every modern 
 appurtenance are scattered over the plateau, though not in 
 sufficient number to have robbed the district of its wild, 
 picturesque mountain character. Drives are magnificent. 
 Because of its altitude and its peculiar location, standing as 
 it does like a grim sentinel, the air is delightfully cool and 
 bracing, even when the temperature in the valleys is oppres- 
 sive. A stage ride from Hackettstown, after the swift ride 
 on the train, is refreshing and delightful. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 STANHOPE^ NEW JERSEY. 
 
 This little village has a double interest to the tourist and 
 summer resorter. It not only has a charm peculiar to itself, 
 but is also the gateway to Budd's Lake, from which stages run 
 over a picturesque mountain road through the forests, a dis- 
 tance of about two and one-half miles. Stanhope is in 
 reality a combination of two villages, for that portion lying 
 
 on one side of 
 
 the railroad is 
 called Net- 
 cong. Here is 
 a pretty little 
 sheet of wa- 
 ter. L a k f 
 
 Bt'On S LAKE, 
 NHW JERSEY. 
 
 ".v%^?^ 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 Musconetcong by name, surrounded by forest land and pic- 
 turesque shores, upon which are seen many fine summer 
 homes. The lake is well stocked with fish, which also run 
 up Musconetcong River to Lake Hopatcong, and offers con- 
 siderable interest to the angler. 
 
 Budd's Lake lies a short distance from Stanhope station. 
 It is a charming body of water, about five miles in circum- 
 ference, lying like a mirror among the hills which give a 
 charm to any country, and which add so materially to the 
 attractions of north New Jersey. They are the natural res- 
 ervoirs of the surrounding mountains, in the very heart of 
 the mineral region, and while easily accessible are far enough 
 away to give the greatest possible change of air, and as 
 much of the rugged wildness of nature as can be found 
 within a thousand miles. All the lakes of importance in the 
 state are in Morris and Sussex counties. Budd's Lake is in 
 Morris, Mount Olive township, in a direct line between 
 Schooley's Mountain and Lake Hopatcong. It has an eleva- 
 tion of over one thousand feet above the sea, and in its sur- 
 roundings it resembles the Scotch lakes rather than the 
 English. The water of the lake is of crystal purity and con- 
 tains an abundance of fish. It has been frequented since 17 15. 
 It was called by the Indians Habacawanning. Col. John 
 Budd became the proprietor after the Revolution, and built 
 the first hotel, making other improvements which naturally 
 transferred his name to the locality. An equally enterprising 
 descendant of the colonel gives us the following story : 
 " During his time (Colonel Budd) Joseph Buona- 
 parte, ex-King of Spain, made him a visit, and was 
 so impressed with the local beauty of the place that 
 he proposed buying property and building a resi- 
 dence, but, unfortunately, he saw a caricature of the 
 great Napoleon, representing him on horseback, a 
 Russian bear holding the bridle in his mouth. This 
 aroused his ire, an altercation ensued, the ex-king 
 threw the picture at the colonel's head, and called 
 him a traitor. The colonel retorted, calling Buona- 
 parte a coward for deserting his brother in time of 
 need. Neither party being armed no blood was 
 shed, and the affair ended by the Frenchman being 
 turned out of doors." 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 intormation, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
NINE HUNDRED SQUARE MILES 
 OF GRANDEUR. 
 
 WATERLOO THE KEY. 
 
 USSEX and W^arren counties, New Jersey, 
 comprising 899.96 square miles of territory, 
 contain more natural beauty than usually is 
 given to half a dozen states. Within their 
 bounds they jointly harbor just an even half- 
 hundred lakes, from the glimmering surface 
 of which is reflected the beauty of surrounding 
 mountains and woodlands. Together they 
 have over 300,000 acres of virgin forest, top- 
 ping mountain ranges with an average eleva- 
 tion of more than a thousand feet. Nearly 6,000 acres — to 
 be exact, 5,817 — of lakes dot these wooded uplands. If 
 Lake Hopatcong be included, and part of it does lie within 
 the bounds of Sussex county, the water area is increased to 
 8,260 acres, more than seven times that of any other inland 
 county of New Jersey. In Sussex county alone lie forty of 
 these charming bodies of water. Lake Hopatcong, the 
 largest lake within the boundaries of the state, has for sis- 
 ters within this district the third, fourth and fifth largest. 
 
 Statistics often are interesting. Those of Sussex county 
 are startling. In 1790 that country now embodied in the 
 county had a population of 19,500 people. Of the counties 
 as now laid out within the state it was the second in popula- 
 tion. In 1895 its people numbered 22,586, just 3,086 more 
 than in 1790, one hundred and five years previous. In 1885 its 
 population was 22,534, just fifty-two greater than ninety- 
 five years before. In 1820 it reached the flood-tide of its 
 existence as a permanent home — it had 32,752 inhabitants. 
 The explanation has a present-day application. 
 Sussex county is a region of virgin forest and mountain 
 ranges. 
 
NINE HUNDRED SQUARE MILES OF GRANDEUR. 
 
 SILVKR LAKK. 
 NliW JKRSUY. 
 
 as the Creator planted them. Its 201,855 acres of cleared 
 uplands are the most fertile in the world. Their richness led 
 to them oxer nineteen thousand settlers in 1790. Agricul- 
 ture is the pursuit of the valley and the arable acres long 
 since were under cultixation. Sussex county, under the 
 very laws of nature, must remain two-thirds wilderness. Yet 
 this very characteristic will be its salvation. It will become 
 a great summer resort. Palatial homes and modest cot- 
 tages will dot 
 the shores of 
 the forty lakes 
 and cluster 
 upon the 
 sides of the 
 glorious 
 mountains. 
 Its population 
 will grow a 
 thousandfold. 
 Already 
 this summer 
 population 
 exceeds the 
 permanent. Seekers of summer homes in the mountains, 
 where lakes and highland streams abound, where the forests 
 of pine and hemlock stretch away for miles, have spied it 
 out. Each summer sees the population increased. The 
 wilderness rapidly is being transformed. 
 
 Warren county does not offer the same study, though its 
 statistics are not without interest. Its population has almost 
 exactly doubled within the last sixty-five years. Not a start- 
 ling showing for the very heart of the teeming east ! The 
 conditions have been practically the same. It has 231,769 
 acres, of which 60,205 are virgin forest. It has 1,607 acres 
 of living water. It has mountains as rugged, many higher, 
 than its sister county to the north. Its summer population, 
 also, is increased many times. 
 
 Through this section runs the ranges of the Kittatinny 
 Mountains, with their double crest, of which the easternmost 
 is much the higher. The eastern slope, too, the one in which 
 we are interested most, is much the steeper. The lower limit 
 of the mountain on its eastern side is 900 to 1,000 feet above 
 the level of the sea, and has a nearly constant altitude. 
 
NINE HUNDRED SQUARE MILES OF GRANDEUR, 
 
 Above this level the crest of the range rises by a slope so 
 steep as to make ascent difficult and in many places impos- 
 sible, to a height which, on an average, is about i,6oo feel 
 above the sea. Its highest point, between one and two 
 miles south of the state line, has an elevation of a little 
 more than i,8oo feet. 
 
 In the range there are occasional passes, one of the most 
 noticeable of which is Culver's Gap. This is a wind gap, 
 that is, one through which no water flows, though it was 
 originally cut by the action of a turbulent river. Culver's 
 Gap is four miles northwest of Branchville. The roadway 
 through it is 915 feet above the level of the sea. The next 
 most considerable interruption in the crest of the range is 
 at Catfish Pond, a few miles farther south, and four miles 
 northwest of Blairstown. The roadway at this point is 
 nearly 300 feet higher than that of Culver's. 
 
 Immediately east of the high Kittatinny range lies the 
 broad, trough-like Kittatinny X'alley, its eastern boundary 
 formed by the W'awayanda, Hamburg, Pimple, Sparta, 
 Alamuche, Pohatcong and Scott's mountains. These peaks 
 vary in height from 1,000 to 1,400 feet. The valley ranges 
 from ten to thirteen miles in width, and extends to the 
 Delaware River, forty miles away to the southwest. 
 
 Within the Kittatinny Valley thus outlined are two notable 
 elevations. These are Pochuck Mountain in its northern 
 portion, 1,100 to 1,200 feet high, and the Jenny Jump and 
 Mohepinoke mountains on the south, more than r,ioo feet 
 high. The great Kittatinny Valley, therefore, is a broad 
 depression about 600 feet below its lateral boundaries, with 
 a notable massive elevation in either end. 
 
 Even apart from Pochuck, Jenny Jump and Mohepinoke 
 mountains the bottom of the valley is by no means flat. 
 It does not correspond to the conventional idea of a river 
 valley. Through it flow several streams separated by 
 divides, which, though they seem low in this mountain 
 region, are 
 much higher 
 than the di- 
 V i d e s be- 
 tween the 
 streams in 
 some other 
 parts of the 
 
 CULVER'S LAKE, 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
NINE HUNDRED SQUARE MILES OF GRANDEUR. 
 
 state. Within the main Kittatinny Valley there are two 
 principal sub-valleys, parallel. Tributaries to these have 
 been developed to such an extent that the floor of the 
 great trough has been thoroughly dissected into a series of 
 hills and valleys. The sub-valleys in the bottom of the great 
 valley lie two hundred to three hundred feet below the 
 divides which separate them, and the divides have an alti- 
 tude of from seven hundred to nine hundred feet. 
 
 To figures again appeal may be made to give an idea of 
 this summer paradise. Those which follow show the area of 
 each of the lakes, the territory which it drains and its altitude 
 above the level of the sea : 
 
 SUSSEX COUNTY. 
 
 Lake. Area. Drainage. Altitude, 
 Acres. Square Miles. Feet. 
 
 Bear 38 -S^ 977 
 
 Buckmire 10 .75 
 
 Catfish 14 40 '440 
 
 Cranberry i54 302 771 
 
 Culver's 4S6 6.30 848 
 
 Davis 14 -5' 581 
 
 Decker 76 .38 806 
 
 Franklin Furnace 55 3130 53° 
 
 HewiU's 35 5i5 573 
 
 Hopewell Furnace 24 i.oi 1,060 
 
 Howell's 26 .21 579 
 
 Hunt's 37 2.12 675 
 
 Iliff 36 338 577 
 
 Lane 67 1.15 
 
 Little 100 3. II 
 
 Long (near Culver's Gap) 299 2.50 861 
 
 Long (near Andover) 117 4-76 576 
 
 Long (near Kittatinny Mountain) 13 .46 
 
 Losee i37 
 
 Marcia 23 .14 1,570 
 
 Mashipacoiig 46 -77 1,124 
 
 Morris 136 i-50 929 
 
 Mud 28 .36 1,244 
 
 Panther 41 -47 766 
 
 Quick 43 -50 943 
 
 Roe 23 
 
 Round 33 29 i,359 
 
 Rutherford • 65 .65 1,300 
 
 Sand 32 .48 1.244 
 
 Stagg 23 .30 820 
 
 Stanhope f 339 4 -90 859 
 
 Stickle 35 .87 587 
 
 Sucker 95 i-i5 9" 
 
 Swartswood 5^5 16. 30 480 
 
 Turtle 13 10 573 
 
NINE HUNDRED SQUARE MILES OF GRANDEUR. 
 
 Drainage. 
 
 Altitude. 
 
 Square Miles. 
 
 Feet. 
 
 6.50 
 
 1,118 
 
 
 572 
 
 
 575 
 
 3-36 
 
 743 
 
 1.80 
 
 775 
 
 .65 
 
 1.179 
 
 L.25 
 
 3S1 
 
 .28 
 
 569 
 
 5-15 
 
 399 
 
 .69 
 
 973 
 
 .64 
 
 433 
 
 3-37 
 
 419 
 
 •31 
 
 1.375 
 
 .67 
 
 449 
 
 Lake. Area. 
 
 Acres. 
 
 Waterloo 68 
 
 Wa\va> anda 240 
 
 White 17 
 
 White's II 
 
 Wright's 31 
 
 WARREN COUNTY. 
 
 Allamuchy 56 
 
 Catfish 31 
 
 Cedar 27 
 
 Glover 13 
 
 Green 117 
 
 Sand 14 
 
 Shuster 14 
 
 Silver 35 
 
 Sunfish 41 
 
 White 67 
 
 An idea of the general altitude, in addition to that given 
 by the table showing the elevation of the lakes, is shown in 
 the following table : 
 
 SUSSEX COUNTY. Altitude. 
 
 Locality. Feet. 
 
 Allamuchy Mountain 1,248 
 
 Summit of road in Culver's Gap 915 
 
 Hamburgh Mountains 1,496 
 
 High Point, Kittatinny Mountains. ... 1,804 
 
 Lake Marcia, near High Point 1.570 
 
 Pimple Hills 1,088 
 
 Pochuck Mountain i ,176 
 
 Sparta Mountain 1,406 
 
 Wawayanda Mountain i ,496 
 
 WARREN COUNTY. 
 
 Bald Pate 1,192 
 
 Kittatiny Mountain i ,635 
 
 Jenny Jump Mountain 1,141 
 
 Montana Mountain 1,240 
 
 Mount Mohepinonke i ,140 
 
 Mount No More i ,145 
 
 Pohatcong Mountain 898 
 
 Scott's Mountain i ,277 
 
 To all of this country Waterloo, itself only a hamlet, is 
 the key. From this point the Lackawanna Railroad extends 
 through Warren county to Manunka Chunk on the Delaware 
 River with a branch running from Washington to Phillipsburg 
 and Easton. Oxford Furnace. Hackettstown, Washington, 
 Blairstown and Bridgeville on the main line, and Change- 
 water, New Hampton, Broadway and Stewartville on the 
 
NINE HUNDRED SQUARE MILES OF GRANDEUR. 
 
 PhilHpsbiirg branch, each a delightful spot in itself, are gate- 
 ways to the beauties of Warren county. 
 
 From Waterloo, running to the north and penetrating 
 the very heart of the mountains; following the Kittatinny 
 Valley, is another branch of the Lackawanna, known as the 
 Sussex Railroad. Andover, Newton, Branchville, Augusta, 
 Lafayette and Franklin Furnace, all stations on this, the 
 prettiest and most picturesque little railroad in the United 
 States, are nestled in the very heart of the beauty oi 
 Sussex. 
 
MAKING A REVOLUTION. 
 
 A STORY OF NEW JERSEY IN WAR TIMES. 
 
 Copyright, 1900, by Will Bo^ert Hunter. 
 
 MONG the rugged mountains and smiling valleys 
 of New Jersey was developed the full character 
 of the War of the Revolution. 
 
 Driven to bay in the hills ; almost annihilated 
 l)y the British forces; ragged, tattered, torn, fam- 
 ished, the shattered army of freedom there dis- 
 played first the indomitable spirit that led it on 
 to victory, and demonstrated to the nations of 
 the world the true quality of the men who were to lead 
 the van of progress during the coming centuries. New 
 Jersey no more than all of the struggling provinces of the 
 New World, is responsible for the vigorous, tenacious cour- 
 age of the followers of Washington, but New Jersey justly 
 can lay claim to being the field from which these qualities 
 were first strongly impressed upon the warriors of the Old 
 World. 
 
 From the Boston massacre of 1770, the events of the Rev- 
 olution had led rapidly down to the famous retreat of Wash- 
 ington's tattered army through New Jersey in 1776. The first 
 Continental Congress had met just beyond the confines of 
 the state. The battles of Lexington and Bunker Hill had 
 followed the famous Boston tea party. Ticonderoga had 
 been captured, and Boston evacuated. The Declaration of 
 Independence had been signed and sealed. Washington's 
 army had been driven to Long Island, and the British forces 
 had just given battle in which three-iifths of the American 
 troops had been slain. Washington had escaped to New 
 York, closely followed by the British. He had been forced 
 to Harlem Heights, to be driven a few days later to White 
 Plains. New York had been nearly consumed by fire started 
 through the carelessness of English soldiers and hirelings 
 flushed with victories. The next move was to be upon the 
 
MAKING A REVOLUTION, 
 
 ENTRANCE TO 
 STATION, GI.ADSTONR. 
 
 very center of the nation, the Continental Congress at Phila- 
 delphia. 
 
 His army reduced to 3,000 ragged, famished, exhausted 
 men, Washington still hoped to keep the foe from the Pennsyl- 
 vania city. He warned William Livingston, famous loyal 
 chief executive, to prepare for the invasion of New Jersey. 
 Fort Washington was captured and Fort Lee was evacuated 
 while the messenger was yet upon his way. Washington 
 then crossed the Hudson and brought the remnant of his 
 army to the Hackensack bridge, so closely followed by the 
 British that the armies almost met. From the outskirts of 
 Newark the Americans marched as the British entered the 
 town from the other side. Rapidly Washington moved his 
 troops to Brunswick on the Raritan, the British following 
 through Elizabeth, Uniontown and Woodbridge, impressing 
 cattle, horses and wagons, and bringing terror to the hearts 
 of men, women and children. 
 
 So close was the pursuit, and so exhausted the army of 
 freedom, that had Howe, the British commander, pushed the 
 fight, the remnant of Americans must have been annihilated. 
 But Howe halted his troops at Brunswick, and while the 
 American generals Stirling and Stephen covered the retreat, 
 Washington got his troops across the river at Trenton. 
 W^hen Trenton came into the hands of the British, the last of 
 the American force had reached in safety the Pennsylvania 
 shore. 
 
 New Jersey belonged to the foe. 
 
 Confident that the little band of patriots had been con- 
 quered and that the war required to end it but one more 
 stinging blow, easily administered, the British rested quietly 
 on the east of the Delaware, awaiting the ice which would 
 carry them to final victory. They spread out over the sur- 
 rounding country to live upon the inhabitants, and to pre- 
 vent recruits from reaching the American lines. 
 At Brunswick they collected stores and pro- 
 visions. At Cranberry a recruiting station was 
 established. Dunop's 2,000 Hessians were 
 scattered among the farmers' homes, eight, ten 
 and twelve to a house. Cornwallis, confident 
 that the curtain was about to fall, was off 
 toward England. Rahl, with 1,200 men, occu- 
 pied Trenton. 
 
 On the other shore the character of the 
 
MAKING A REVOLUTION, 
 
 Revolution slov\ly was forming. The tide of American 
 liberty was at its lowest ebb. Only a tattered relic of the 
 patriotic army remained. Men were jaded and wretched. 
 Many were barefooted. All were footsore and weary from 
 the rapid march through Jersey. Hope had all but died 
 out. The term of enlistment of many had expired ; they had 
 determined to lay down their arms. Congress could not 
 supply the sinews of war. Goxernors of the states were 
 unable to awaken a spark for 
 a seemingly dying cause, 
 Christmas day was close 
 at hand, but the anni- 
 versary of Him 
 who had died 
 for the sal- 
 \- a t i o n 
 o f m e n 
 gave no 
 glimmer 
 
 Copyria:ht, 1900, netroit Photographic Co. 
 
 of hope for the liberty of a people. Here, under these cir- 
 cumstances, developed the character of the Revolution. On 
 Christmas night this character began to make itself apparent. 
 
 There was no holiday cheer upon the western bank of 
 the Delaware. Instead commanders were moving among 
 the heroes of Bunker Hill, of Long Island, of Harlem 
 Heights and White Plains bidding them prepare for a night 
 of peril. 
 
 On the eastern shore hilarity reigned. Rahl, with a party 
 of congenial friends, drank deep and often to the glory of 
 the British arms. His men, comfortably quartered, sang of 
 Christmas cheer in merrie England and the faderland. Out- 
 posts considered it unnecessary to watch carefully a foe that 
 was isolated by a raging river running full with gigantic cakes 
 of ice. 
 
 WE LOVE 
 NEW JERSEY 
 MOUNTAINS ! 
 
MAKING A REVOLUTION, 
 
 Through all that terrible night the troop of freedom 
 labored ceaselessly in the river. Story, poem, song have 
 rehearsed it through more than a century, and will to the 
 end of time. The fall of Trenton is the climax. 
 
 Four days later Washington was again on Jersey soil with 
 his still jaded troops. Cornwallis was hastening back from 
 New York to blot out the disgrace of Trenton. British 
 forces were gathering at Princeton to aid in his effort. Seven 
 thousand men opposed the little army which had crossed the 
 Delaware. Liberty's spark seemed about to be snuffed out. 
 
 On the eastern shore of the Delaware the character of the 
 Revolution continued to develop. Washington and his 
 generals were in consultation and the genius of warfare 
 presided. 
 
 After the conference the American army stole silently by 
 the British while the redcoated sentinels watched flaming 
 campfires that were supposed to be warming a sleeping 
 enemy. A single regiment fed these beacon lights that 
 lulled an unsuspicious foe. When morning dawned Wash- 
 ington attacked the enemy from the rear and the British 
 were driven into Trenton. 
 
 Stung by this second defeat, outgeneraled when success 
 seemed to be within easy grasp, the British commanders 
 pushed forward to annihilate the American army. Wash- 
 ington, however, was on his way to the mountain fastnesses 
 of New Jersey, whither the redcoats dared not follow. His 
 first night's camp was at Somerset Court House. The 
 following day he reached Morristown, where he took up 
 headquarters for the winter. 
 
 In these mountains, protected from the onslaughts of the 
 enemy by the rocky hills, Liberty's flame burned bright 
 again. A new army was born. The character of the War 
 of the Revolution had become apparent to the nations of the 
 earth. A despised handful of men had become recognized 
 as a power to command respect. Sinews of war more easily 
 were secured. France came to the aid of the American 
 arms. Colonists saw the revolt against the king in a new 
 light. Misgivings and doubts were being dispelled. Recruits 
 hurried to the new standard. Another army, animated with 
 new vigor, marched forth from the mountains in the vicinity 
 of Morristown when spring had garbed the highlands. 
 
 Into the security of these mountains Washington with- 
 drew the major portion of his army each succeeding winter 
 
LACKAWANNA J^ESOI^TS, 
 
 of the war, except that of 1777-78, when the troops suffered 
 so terribly at Valley Forge. The lines extended from 
 Morristown through all the towns and villages to the 
 Hudson River and White Plains above New York. Head- 
 quarters of the commander-in-chief during these desolate, 
 dreary seasons were at Morristown, at Middlebrook and at 
 White Plains. 
 
 Once only did the British strive to drive the American 
 troops from the fastnesses of the mountains, and after that 
 fruitless effort, in the spring of 1777, they practically 
 abandoned New Jersey, entering only on foraging raids and 
 to harass the Americans in their winter quarters. These 
 raids, however unimportant compared with the greater 
 events of the Revolution, yet have cast a' charm of historical 
 interest over the entire region. 
 
 MORRISTOWN, NEW JERSEY. 
 
 Morristown, though a mountain city of rare beauty 
 and extreme healthfulness, yet holds its chief interest to 
 the tourist in its associations with the War of the Revo- 
 lution. 
 
 Here, during the winter of 1777, Washington made his 
 headquarters in the Freeman Tavern, a building that long 
 smce passed away, though its site is still pointed out. Dur- 
 ing the winter of 1779-80 Washington and his wife lived in 
 the old Ford mansion, his army occupying rude log huts in 
 the vicinity. Foraging parties of the enemy hovered near a 
 great part 01 the winter. On this account was organized 
 the Life Guard, for the protection of a leader whom the 
 army venerated. At the first alarm these men hurried 
 to the rude house for the protection of the commander, 
 and it is related that many 
 times she who afterward 
 was called the mother of 
 her country shivered with 
 W'idow Ford behind the 
 curtains of the old-fash- 
 ioned bed until the Life 
 Guard thought it safe to 
 withdraw. 
 
 Here died and was bur- 
 ied with military honors the 
 Cavalier de Luzerne, the 
 
 From an old woodcut. 
 
 MUTINY AT 
 .MORRISTOWN, I780. 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 IN THE WATCHUNG 
 MOUNTAINS, 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 French minister. To prevent any one from opening his 
 sepulchre to obtain possession of the jewels which were 
 buried with him a guard stood constantly over the grave 
 until the remains were disinterred to be taken to Phila- 
 delphia. 
 
 Here, too, three years later, the Pennsylvania troops, 
 having endured the greatest hardships, receiving no pay for 
 their services and seeing no prospect of being paid, 
 
 mutinied. 
 Thirteen 
 hundred of 
 them drew 
 up in parade 
 preparatory 
 to marching 
 to Philadel- 
 phia to pre- 
 sent their 
 grievances to 
 Congress. 
 The officers 
 tried first to 
 quell the 
 trouble by 
 peaceful 
 means, then 
 resorted to 
 force. The troops fired in turn. For two hours there was 
 an indescribable scene of horror and confusion. The muti- 
 neers ended the unequal struggle and marched off tow^ard 
 Elizabethtown. 
 
 At Morristown, on a high hill overlooking the town, was 
 built Fort Nonsense, for the sole purpose of keeping the 
 troops busy. Traces of it may still be found. The old 
 Ford mansion, some years ago, was purchased by a party of 
 patriotic citizens and today it contains the finest collection 
 of relics of the Revolution in existence. 
 
 Aside from its historical interest Morristown is rich 
 in those things which make a summer home or a summer 
 jaunt memorable. 
 
 Mendham is seven miles from Morristown. It is in the 
 heart of the mountains, and there is scarcely a cooler or 
 more bracing spot in all New Jersey. It is renowned for its 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 health-giving atmosphere, and also for the long-extended 
 view over valley and lower mountain. The place is nothing 
 but an old-fashioned village, filled with quaint houses, 
 honest people, fertile farms and perpetual happiness. In 
 the warmer months it is filled with summer guests. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 MILBURN, NEW JERSEY. 
 
 This beautiful mountain town, surrounded by scenery 
 that is exquisite, has upon its very outskirts Springfield, the 
 scene of several of the most desperate of the minor battles 
 of the Revolution. Prospect Hill, upon which the Ameri- 
 cans kept a lookout for the British and where an old i8- 
 pounder was kept to give the alarm of an approach, looks out 
 today just as a hundred years ago upon the scene of the 
 battles. Here, in 1776, the British, marching out from 
 Elizabeth against the American camp at Chatham, were so 
 severely beaten by Colonel Ford's New Jersey militia that 
 they fell back to Newark. Again in 1777 the redcoats were 
 defeated on this field and driven back to 
 Elizabeth by General Maxwell. In 1780 
 the British general Knyphausen, landing at 
 Elizabeth from Staten Island, started out to 
 fight the Americans who were stationed 
 about Short Hills and back toward Morris- 
 town. The Americans made a stand at the 
 bridge over the Rahway. Knyphausen was 
 forced to retreat under cover of darkness. 
 Sir Henry Clinton, piqued at the repulse of 
 the flower of the British army, headed a sec- 
 ond attack upon Washington by way of 
 Springfield and Short Hills. Again the little 
 i8-pounder on Prospect Hill boomed forth 
 its warning. The British general found a 
 warm welcome. At nightfall another vic- 
 tory had been scored by the Continentals. 
 It was in this battle that Chaplain Cald- 
 well, bringing hymn books from his church 
 at Connecticut Farms to be used for gun 
 wadding by the American troops, delivered 
 that famous epigram : 
 
 " Give *em Watts, boys ! " 
 
 NEAR MILBURN. 
 
 
 \ 
 
 ^^^^y|P^^ 
 
 f y 
 
 ■1 
 
 |k>' 
 
 ■rm 
 
 1 
 
 ^ 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 PASSAIC RIVER 
 
 NEAR 
 
 FAR HILLS. 
 
 On the retreat the British burned the village of Springfield, 
 leaving but four houses standing. Today, at Milburn, 
 Springfield, Wyoming and Summit, all practically on the 
 old battlefield, are some of the finest summer homes about 
 the city of New York. Here are the Watchung Mountains, 
 their two long ranges and hundreds of spurs enclosing mag- 
 nificent valleys and producing scenic effects unrivaled. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cenl stamp. 
 
 CHATHAM, NEW JERSEY. 
 
 Chatham was the scene of a mutiny of the troops of the 
 American army during the winter of 1781. Encouraged by 
 the success of the Pennsylvania troops at Morristown, those of 
 New Jersey, stationed at Pomp- 
 ton and Chatham, revolted also, 
 determined to march to Trenton 
 and by force of arms obtain their 
 rights of Congress. Washington 
 at once dispatched six hundred 
 men under Howe with orders to 
 march rapidly and secretly to the 
 camp of the mutineers. The 
 snow was deep and the cold in- 
 tense, but the six hundred 
 pushed resolutely forward. During a bleak 
 night Howe surrounded the camp and placed 
 his artillery to command every approach. 
 When daylight broke mutineers saw ranks of armed men 
 on every side and cannon sweeping the entire field. Howe 
 ordered them to parade at once without arms and promised 
 no quarter if they did not at once obey. They refused. 
 Colonel Sprut, with a regiment, pressed forward and the 
 mutiny was put down. Two of the ringleaders were shot, 
 twelve of their companions acting as executioners. There 
 were no more mutinies among the American troops. 
 
 Here are magnificent summer homes and hither come 
 every season many transients, attracted by the beautiful drives 
 and the health-giving mountain air. It is the gateway to as 
 fine a country as the sun shines upon. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 MOUNT TABOR, NEW JERSEY. 
 Mount Tabor became famous on account of the annual 
 gatherings of methodists who hold their annual camp-meet- 
 ings there. It is beautifully situated and contains many 
 pretty cottages, which are owned by people of all religious 
 denominations. Tennis courts, baseball grounds and other 
 means of recreation enhance the natural attractions. Water 
 pumped from a chain of springs is one of its chief attrac- 
 tions. Camp-meetings are held for ten days each year dur- 
 ing August. Social entertainments are held every Saturday 
 evening in the large auditorium. A beautiful lake where 
 good fishing and boating can be indulged is within five 
 minutes' walk. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 BASKING RIDGE, NEW JERSEY. 
 
 Here, too, was enacted one of the memorable events of 
 the War of the Revolution. In an old farmhouse overlook- 
 ing the broad valley to Morristovvn, Gen. Charles Lee, 
 Washington's rival, traitor, object of an American court- 
 martial which deprived him of his ofifice and his commis- 
 sion, was captured. During that awful retreat of Washing- 
 ton's army across New Jersey the American commander 
 was importuning Lee to come to his rescue. Lee chose to 
 dally at his headquarters at White Plains and, after starting, 
 to take his time. At Basking Ridge he tarried one night, 
 finding the cheer so inviting that he suffered his army to 
 march several miles to the south before he chose to follow 
 the next morning. A Tory, seeing his unprotected position, 
 notified a troop of British dragoons who descended upon the 
 American general 
 just as he was 
 mounting his 
 horse and cap- 
 tured him. A 
 band of seventy 
 resolute Continen- 
 tals under Col. 
 Paul W. Sargent 
 gave chase to the 
 dragoons, who es- 
 caped, however, 
 
 Copyright, 1900, Detroit Photi '.^ 
 
 WHERE 
 
 GENERAL LEE 
 
 WAS CAPTURED. 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 among the hills with their prisoner. This old house still 
 stands, though robbed of every line that might recall it as it 
 stood during the war. The present owner, a practical old 
 farmer, points with pride to the new siding, the sweeping 
 bow windows and the modern porch and as proudly states 
 that the interior has also been remodeled until the whole 
 has made a "fine house." 
 
 In this section, too, is some of the most beautiful of all 
 the eastern scenery. The drives are magnificent, along old 
 mountain roads, through blooming valleys, over babbling 
 brooks and by quiet little lakes. In the country about 
 wealthy New Yorkers have their summer homes, palaces 
 like unto those which look down from the cliffs of the Hud- 
 son. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 NEWARK, NEW JERSEY. 
 
 Newark had its share in the War of the Revolution, 
 though it was but a small one. Washington spent five days 
 there in his retreat from New York in 1776. It is stated that 
 he stopped at the old Gouverneur mansion, now standing at 
 the corner of Mount Pleasant avenue and Gouverneur street, 
 a house familiar to lovers of Irving as his " Cockloft Hall," 
 at which he often visited his friend Gouverneur Kemble. As 
 Washington's army left the outskirts of the city the British, 
 closely pursuing, entered from the opposite direction. The 
 British came again during the winter of 1 779-' 80 from their 
 headquarters in New York. This winter was one of excep- 
 tional severity and ice covered the North River, the East 
 River and the bay for miles. Redcoats crossed the North 
 River in sleighs and attacked Newark, burning an academy 
 and sacking houses. 
 
 Newark, however, has far more ancient history. It was 
 purchased of the Indians in 1666 for powder, lead, axes, 
 liquor and clothing to the value of about $750. The pur- 
 chased property included the sites of the present towns of 
 Bloomfield, Belleville, Montclair, Orange and Caldwell and 
 their adjacent villages. It was built on strict religious prin- 
 ciples, newcomers being obliged to make written oath that 
 they would help in the "maintenance and advancement 
 agreed upon for the upbuilding of the settled ministry and 
 preaching of theW^ord." It became a manufacturing district 
 
OND RlVHR, 
 iR NEWARK. 
 
 LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 as early as 1676, and in 1685 its 
 products were so great that 
 Governor Dongan, of New 
 York, complained in an official 
 report that it was "robbing 
 New York of trade." Two 
 years before it had become fa- 
 mous for the manufacture of 
 cider, of which Deputy-Gov- 
 ernor Thomas Rudyard wrote 
 to a friend in London that it 
 ' ' exceeded any we ha\e from 
 New England or Rhod Island 
 or Long Island." On an old 
 map printed in 1806 it is stated 
 that the town ' ' is noted for its 
 Cider, the making of carriages 
 of all sorts, coach lace, men's 
 and women's shoes." Note 
 that cider is spelled with a 
 big C. 
 
 Newark, now a city of about 
 200,000, is rich in interest to 
 the tourist. Through its very 
 center runs the old Morris 
 canal, once a powerful high- 
 way of commerce. Here Aaron 
 Burr was born, and his father, 
 a famous divine, before him. 
 Here is the " Cockloft Hall " of Irving, with its many mem- 
 ories. Here is old "First Church," established in 1668. 
 Houses dating back over the centuries are on ever\^ hand, 
 jostled by mansions of modern construction. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 BERNARDSVILLE, NEW JERSEY, 
 
 Bernardsville is situated in the midst of the Somerset 
 county hills, frequently alluded to as the "Alps" of New 
 Jersey, a name not misapplied. Being beyond the first 
 range of mountains west of New York, the distinct change 
 from the dampness of the ocean to dry mountain air is at 
 once felt. The entire section abounds in wild scenery. 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 LACKAWANNA 
 
 STATION, 
 
 BERNARDSVILLE. 
 
 changing from a very extensive outlook over and beyond 
 fertile valleys to byways through gorges, alongside moun- 
 tain streams amidst luxuriant foliage. Mountain roads 
 are hard and always smooth, and lead in all directions 
 through pretty villages dotting an extremely prosperous 
 farming section. 
 
 Since its first settlement by New Yorkers, many years 
 ago, Bernardsville has been the most popular of New Jersey 
 resorts, until now its population is represented largely by 
 summer residents, whose beautiful and costly residences 
 grace the hills and appear at every turn in the landscape. 
 Near here is situated " Round Top," the beautiful home of 
 Frederic P. Olcott, of New York 
 city, comprising i,ooo acres of 
 land, and the most extensive breed- 
 ing farm in the east. Its miles of 
 shaded drives are always open to 
 the public. The Bernardsville- 
 Mendham district has long been 
 famous as a health resort to those 
 suffering from rheumatism and 
 complaints of a malarial origin ; 
 there is no marshy ground in this section of mountain and 
 valleys. 
 
 Among the hills between Bernardsville and Mendham is 
 a famous inn, surrounded by cottages especially well built 
 and luxuriously furnished for the accommodation of guests. 
 It affords accommodations that can be favorably compared 
 with any other first-class hotel in the country. 
 
 Special fast train service brings Bernardsville within one 
 hour of New York by rail. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 THE ORANGES. 
 
 East Orange, Orange, South Orange and the intervening 
 stations — Grove Street, Brick Church, Highland Avenue 
 and Mountain Station — known to easterners as the 
 "Oranges," are among the most beautiful of the finest 
 suburban places in the vicinity of New York. They date 
 back over two centuries and contain many points of historic 
 interest. One of the chief charms of these cities is the high 
 mountain range that borders them. The range is called 
 
LACKAWANNA RESOI^TS, 
 
 Orange Mountains and is a spur of the Blue Ridge. It runs 
 toward the northeast and slopes gracefully toward the 
 valley in which the cities are partly located. At the summit 
 of the mountain is Llewellyn Park, laid out with every 
 elegance of taste and effect in artistic landscape gardening. 
 It contains the homes of wealthy people and is acknowledged 
 to be the most magnificent spot in New Jersey. Near by, 
 from Eagle Rock, a view of twenty-five miles around 
 the country can be had. Thomas Edison, "wizard of 
 electricity," has a fine home in the park. The side of the 
 mountain is flecked with imposing residences and finely laid- 
 out grounds ; among the oldest and finest being that of the 
 Essex County Country Club, whose historic house and 
 beautiful grounds make it one of the most charming country 
 clubs in America. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 MORRIS PLAINS, NEW JERSEY. 
 
 Morris Plains is built upon a high plateau, with surround- 
 ing mountains rising on the north and west. The climate is 
 cool, the air dry and delightful, and the entire section 
 extremely healthful. Roads are macadamized, and lead 
 through a surrounding country intensely picturesque. INIany 
 gentlemen of wealth here have erected palatial residences. 
 Back from the station at a distance of one mile is located 
 the state hospital for the insane, one of the largest and 
 best-managed institutions of its character in the United 
 States. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 MONTCLAIR, NEW JERSEY. 
 
 Montclair, beautifully situated on the eastern slope of the 
 Orange Mountains, and containing some of the most mag- 
 nificent and costly residences in the state, is one of the most 
 desirable residential towns in the country. With a popula- 
 tion of over 10,000, it combines all the advantages of rural 
 life as well as the conveniences of a city. In addition to 
 excellent public schools there is a military academy and 
 several private schools of high standing. Verona and 
 Caldwell, two beautiful villages widely known for their 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 RAYMOND 
 
 KILL 
 
 FALLS. 
 
 picturesque surroundings and healthful locations, are easily 
 reached by trolley and will repay the effort of a visit. 
 
 The streets of Montclair 
 are wide and macadamized, 
 and the sidewalks all are 
 flagged. A drive about the 
 town is like an outing in 
 some great park. Magnifi- 
 cent residences, so numer- 
 ous as to cause a stranger to 
 tnarvel at the amount of 
 wealth invested, are located 
 back from the streets, sur- 
 rounded by green lawns, 
 shrubbery and flowers. 
 Boarding-houses are numer- 
 ous and well conducted. 
 Those seeking an ideal spot 
 for summer sojourn com- 
 bining every convenience 
 and of easy access to New 
 York need go no farther. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Board- 
 ing Houses, giving rates and com- 
 plete information, will be mailed 
 on application accompanied by 
 2-cent stamp. 
 
NEW JERSEY AS A SUMMER 
 RESORT. 
 
 O those who desire a summer among the famous 
 resorts on the Atlantic coast and about New York 
 northern New Jersey is an ideal headquarters. 
 Almost any of the Jersey cities on the Lackawanna 
 Railroad may be reached from New York within an 
 hour and the train service is such that a jaunt can 
 be made at almost any time of the day or night. 
 This service is one of the best in the United States, the very 
 large number of commuters of the road making the running 
 of numerous fast and comfortable trains a necessity. 
 
 Few people outside the Highlands of New Jersey ever 
 consider any part of the state as mountainous. Within ten 
 miles of the Hudson River, however, after crossing the 
 picturesque Hackensack meadows, the trains begin to climb 
 into the Watchung Mountains. At Newark, the first stop 
 out of New York, the elevation above sea level is 235 feet. 
 At Montclair an elevation of 509 feet is attained. The sum- 
 mit of Orange Mountain in Essex county, less than fifteen 
 miles from New ^'ork, is 665 feet above tide water. Second 
 mountain, near the Oranges, reaches up 691 feet. Bald 
 Mountain, just out of Rockaway, has an altitude of 903 feet. 
 Boonton is on an average more than five hundred feet above 
 sea level. Budd's Lake is among mountains over one thou- 
 sand feet high. Copperas Mountain has an altitude of 1,243 
 feet. Green Pond Mountain is 1,300 feet in height. The 
 surface of Lake Hopatcong is 927 feet above sea level. 
 Schooley's Mountain has a general elevation of 1,227 ft^et. 
 None of these points is to exceed fifty miles from New York 
 and all can be reached from the metropolis in approximately 
 an hour. 
 
 These cold figures indicate in a general way the moun- 
 tainous countr}'. They can not, however, give any evidence 
 of the enticing charm of the region. From the Hudson River 
 west to the Delaware River New Jersey presents an endless 
 
NEW JERSEY AS A SUMMER RESORT, 
 
 SOMERSET INN 
 BKRNARDSVILLE. 
 
 variety of mountain ranges, chains of hills and magnificent 
 intervening valleys. Beautiful streams and pretty lakes are 
 found everywhere. Through thfs magnificent country, pic- 
 turesque as the Alps or any of the well-known mountain 
 districts of the eastern country, wind macadamized roads, 
 always in perfect condition, for New Jersey has a reputation 
 to maintain, it already being known as the state having the 
 greatest number of miles of improved roadways. These 
 perfect drives lead in every direction among mountains that 
 at many points seem not to have an inhabitant or to have 
 known an improvement. Within the next half-mile a 
 charming village will be found nestled upon the side of a 
 mountain looking down into a farm-filled valley. Some of 
 these date back nearly two centuries and they retain old 
 houses and many queer relics of the past. Old cemeteries 
 are filled with decaying headstones bearing odd inscriptions. 
 Falling mills tell the story of another day. On every hand, 
 too, will be found the homes of the wealthiest New Yorkers, 
 modern castles surrounded by every beauty that nature can 
 give and art enhance. 
 
 The oppressive heat of the coast region is not known 
 among these mountains. Nights usually are cool and delight- 
 ful, and even at midday the temperature is not oppressive. 
 Magnificent hotels, comfortable boarding-houses and farm 
 houses for the less fastidious, offer homes to those who 
 desire to ramble in the woods and clamber in the mountains. 
 New Yorkers by thousands spend their summers in these 
 regions and do not tire, for there is a charm that grows not 
 old, a beauty that seems more ideal with every springtime. 
 Strangers planning a summer or a short time in the east 
 can do no better than find a stopping-place in any of the 
 picturesque, quaint towns in these mountains. From such 
 headquarters they can run into New York, down to Coney 
 
 Island, Manhattan Beach, to the 
 Jersey coast resorts, up the Hud- 
 son River, take fiying trips to 
 the Sound resorts and return at 
 night for a refreshing night's 
 slumber and rest. 
 
SCULPTURE OF THE ELFS. 
 
 A STORY OF DELAWARE WATER GAP AND POGONO 
 MOUNTAINS. 
 
 Copyright, 1900, by Will Bogert Hunter. 
 
 ENTURIES ago, just after the Great Glacier had 
 retreated far into the northland, an elfin king, 
 Majesty by name, and his bride, Beauty, ruled over 
 a populous kingdom from a throne perched upon 
 the westward slope of an isolated group of moun- 
 tains upon which dwelt that mischievous clan which, 
 in after years, played such pranks with the sober 
 senses of poor Rip Van Winkle. 
 
 Fair was this queen of fairyland ; fairer than 
 tongue can tell, than brush can paint or pen delin- 
 eate. On her cheek was the flush of dawn, in her eyes the 
 twinkle of the stars of night, in her form the sinuous grace 
 of the dancing waterfall. For her the elfin king, in the days 
 of their honeymoon, had his only thought. Though pic- 
 turesque the rocky splendor of her castle the doting groom 
 longed each day to see her more suitably surrounded. In 
 a dream one night he saw her ruling her legions and his 
 from a court that reflected -her innumerable charms — and 
 in this vapory inspiration was born the spirit of purpose. 
 
 Scarcely had the first rays of the sun peeped over the 
 mountain top before the countless legions of elfiand were 
 summoned before their king to listen in wondering silence to 
 the recital of the vision, to the description of the dream 
 court and its magnificent estate. When the king had 
 finished no sound came from the enchanted host, and he 
 had again to break the silence. 
 
 "Go," he said to the elfs of the wind, "go scour the 
 earth for a site for my lady's court, and speed back with the 
 burden of your discoveries." 
 
 "Plan," he said to the little architects, "plan for my 
 bride a home like that of mv dream." 
 
SCULPTURE OF THE ELFS. 
 
 CHESTNUT LANE, 
 POCONO MOUNTAINS. 
 
 " Prepare," he said to the elfs of the water and the air 
 and the sunshine and the frost, "prepare to carry out the 
 plans of the architects." 
 
 Off on their mission sped the fairies of the breeze. 
 Before them lay a s^^reat lake seemingly without border either 
 
 upon the north or upon the west or upon 
 the south, and as the scouts skimmed over 
 it their silvery ti'ail gave joy to the heart of 
 the elf king. Some were away only for a day, others jour- 
 neyed for a week ; the last returned within a fortnight. 
 To the king and his council each told of his discoveries — 
 of the rolling hills that stretched to the westward from 
 the farther shore of the lake ; of a great gorge into which 
 tumbled a giant waterfall that drained one rippling lake into 
 another ; of a great plain that waved with grasses on to the 
 foothills of a chain of rugged mountains dividing the plain 
 from the sea. Others told of the sea to the east and the 
 mountains to the south, and a sweeping river filled with 
 charming islands to the north. 
 
 With all these tales the king was most impressed by one 
 which told of a narrow cleft in the rugged mountains into 
 which the waters of the very lake beside which they were 
 seated plunged for a thousand feet in aerial flight, to pursue 
 the meandering way of a turbulent river journeying toward 
 the sea. This was determined upon as the site for my lady's 
 court, the decision being more readily reached for the reason 
 that the architects had conceived as the very groundwork of 
 their plan the gorge of a mighty river that should wind 
 peacefully between verdant walls. 
 
SCULPTURE OF THE ELFS. 
 
 Next day the work began in earnest. 
 
 First the gorge must be completed. It was a herculean 
 task to cut down the rock of the great waterfall until a river 
 should meander tranquilly between the towering walls. But 
 the forces were unlimited. Waters of the great lake which 
 lay before the elf king's throne surged toward the south, 
 cutting away at the brink of the precipice ceaselessly and 
 powerfully. They enlisted the power of sharp, jagged rocks 
 which crashed upon the shelf of the waterfall, grinding merci- 
 lessly. To the aid of the waters, during times when they 
 were not employed elsewhere, came the elfs of the frost and 
 the ice, prying into interstices, then forcing away giant pieces 
 of the bed of the cataract. Bit by bit the fall decreased in 
 height, bit by bit the great lake above was lowered, bit by 
 bit the gorge was dug, and one day the waters ran tranquilly 
 along a gradually descending course. Where the mighty 
 waterfall had been one giant precipice lifted itself almost per- 
 pendicularly one thousand feet into the sky. The facing wall 
 descended with gentle grace to the very edge of the river. 
 
 While these elfs had been at work upon the throne room, 
 other legions were as diligently employed elsewhere, pre- 
 paring the foundations for the chamber of the queen, for 
 the great banquet hall, for the cathedral, for the rough 
 
 MOUNTAIN HOTEL, 
 POCONO MOUNTAINS, 
 
 Copyright, 1900, Dcir^it 1'Iil tugrapuic Co. 
 
 quarters of the fighting hosts and the dainty apartments of 
 the attendants of her majesty. 
 
 Starting away back in the mountains to the west, to the 
 
SCULPTURE OF THE ELFS. 
 
 SILVER 
 
 THREAD 
 
 FALLS, 
 
 dingman's 
 
 FERRY. 
 
 north and to the south of the great waterfall these 
 legions began their work. Some burrowed into the 
 earth from a thousand different points, mingled their 
 forces and gurgled up, bringing white sand for the 
 floor of my lady's court among the distant hills, bear- 
 ing it away in little rills that cut deeper and deeper as 
 they sped onward. Other myriads of the water sprites 
 gathered in rocky hollows of the towering range, finally 
 to force their way out to journey toward the rills of 
 the springs. Each labored according to its force, 
 this legion making a line of deep chambers, that only 
 a shallow bed in the resisting rock. Many gained 
 power from the declivities of the mountain sides and 
 their speedy journeys leaped from shelving rocks 
 to dash in frenzy in splashing pools 'below. Others 
 swirled and eddied among the bowlders. Small 
 forces joined into sweeping armies that rushed 
 along down the mountain slopes with mighty 
 vigor. To all these the elfs 
 of the frost and the ice lent 
 aid during certain seasons, 
 clipping off masses of rock 
 which the waters were 
 wearing only slowly, cleav- 
 ing bowlders that were ob- 
 structing the work of the 
 builders. 
 
 When the labor of these 
 elfin stonemasons was well under way there stretched away 
 to the west, from the great cleft in the rock which marked 
 the fairy court, a gorge deep below the tips of the mountains 
 which, extending for more than a hundred miles, were 
 indented with chambers deep and wide, leading to the peace- 
 ful river. Hundreds of little lakes nestled among the hills. 
 Hundreds of mountain streams dashed through these rocky 
 chambers. Countless waterfalls and cascades danced in the 
 sunlight. 
 
 Westward the mountains grew higher and higher, and 
 near the very tip legions of the elf king's 
 forces deserted his ranks and began 
 building courts of their own. Untrue to 
 him, they were fickle to each other ; 
 each builded according to his own design. 
 
 BOAT 
 
 LANDING, 
 
 'ATER GAP. 
 
 Copyright, 1900. Detroit Photographic Co. 
 
WATER GAP. 
 
 SCULPTURE OF THE ELFS, 
 
 1900, Detroit Photographic Co. 
 
 The mightiest of these divided forces 
 cut another gorge extending adovvn the 
 mountains toward a sweeping river to 
 the west. Others, more feeble, worked 
 away toward the reahns of elf kings to 
 the south. 
 
 Now came the elfin decorators to 
 embellish my lady's court. From dis- 
 tant lands they brought cones of pine 
 and hemlock, the winged seed of the 
 maple, the potent nut of oak and hick- 
 ory, the dormant germs of elm and 
 chestnut. Gay butterflies and bees they 
 snared and robbed of the pollen of rarest 
 flowers. They gathered sleeping life of 
 laurel and rhododendron and scattered it in lavish profusion 
 o'er all the hills and in all the dells. The spores of rarest 
 ferns and daintiest mosses, the seeds of clinging vines, they 
 bore with them to grace the fairy realm. 
 
 These the elfin gardeners watched with tender care, 
 trained branching trees over the beds of rippling rills, 
 coated rocks with mosses, draped over crags the cling- 
 ing vines, filled glens with ferns, fringed the edges of 
 lakes with waving grasses, tangled rhododendron in 
 impassable masses, sprinkled flowering plants in profu- 
 sion everywhere. Couches for my lady's maids they 
 constructed in the deep shadows of the forest; quiet 
 pools for elfin baths they builded near the edges of water- 
 falls and in secluded hollows. Into rills and cataracts 
 they put music and laughter; they threw their varied 
 songs into the dancing leaves of the trees. They painted' 
 in every hue the woodland, and hung trees and vines 
 with gorgeous fruit and nodding nuts. They brought 
 captive pheasant and grouse, w^oodcock and wood 
 duck and birds of plumage gay to mingle in 
 the chorus of the watersprites and the elfs of 
 the breeze. They filled brooks with the speck- 
 led trout and lakes with the gamy bass, the 
 gorgeous sunfish and the long, graceful pickerel. 
 The court was ready for its queen. 
 
 Still there was no rest among the builders of a paradise. 
 They feared even it might grow wearisome viewed always 
 the same, hence fairv scene-shifters ever change the view. 
 
 NEAR 
 
 DINGMAN'S FERRY. 
 
SCULPWRE OF THE ELFS, 
 
 While the queen sleeps they spread about a hazy cloud 
 through which the stars twinkle merrily. The radiant 
 moon peeps o'er the tops of the mountains and bathes all 
 with its soft light. The glens and dales are lost in the 
 darkness. A ray of light touches the dancing waterfalls, 
 
 MOSS LEDGE PATH, 
 WATER GAP. 
 
 Copyriglit, 1900, Detroit Ph.itMt,' 
 
 another pierces the trees like an arrow to catch 
 
 its reflection in the mirror of a pool. Across 
 
 the tranquil river is a pathway of silver. The 
 
 chorus of the cataracts and the rills swells louder. Crickets 
 
 and frogs pay tribute to their queen. An owl hoots in the 
 
 woodland. 
 
 As my lady wakes a glimmer of light creeps through 
 the great niche in the mountains, throwing a trail of light 
 across the quiet bosom of the river. The niche becomes a 
 diadem of incomparable magnificence, a diamond in the 
 center from which radiates all the hues of the morning. The 
 shaft of sunlight lifts from the water and touches the trees 
 and the flowers, building a silvery avenue far into the 
 ghostly valley. Shadows of the mountains guarding the 
 throne grow shorter and lighter. Woodlands take on form. 
 Lakelets change from black to gray. Birds waken from 
 their slumber and pour forth their welcome to the sun which 
 is peeping above the crown of the hills. 
 
 Perhaps during the night the elfs that feed the flowers 
 have been gathering dewdrops from the bosom of the sleepy 
 river, A white cloud hangs before the great notch. Where 
 river and mountain wall have been is limitless, colorless, 
 
SCULPTURE OF THE ELFS, 
 
 objectless expanse. No point of color, no outline greets 
 the vision. 
 
 Then comes the change. 
 
 Through the notch struggles a ray of light. It pierces 
 the mist feebly, slowly. The mists give way. Mountains 
 rise like ghosts. Trees forget the ghastly damps that wrap 
 them and bathe in the breeze. "Along the high levels of 
 the hills, trailing and losing its anchors on every ledge, 
 drifts the night to fall in final wreck against the morning. 
 A loon flaps his heavy way across the river. The gleam of 
 the scarlet cardinal is seen in the lowlands, a glint of gold on 
 the hemlocks above. There falls over the ledges a lance of 
 light — a dazzling multitude of shafts — and conqueror day 
 marches up the valley." 
 
 When the elfs of the frost come down to do honor is the 
 anniversary of the doting king and his fair queen. The court 
 takes on its most radiant dress. Fairy painters touch the 
 rocky rang^^-s with purple. Mountains, gleam with color. 
 
 BUTTERMILK I'ALLS, 
 POCONO MOUNTAINS. 
 
 Hickories splash with red the greens of the 
 pines and the hemlocks. Oaks light up with 
 brown. Maples add all the var}nng shades ot 
 yellow\ The shumack burns a cardinal f^ame. 
 Cliffs are gray in the sleepy light of the sun. The 
 river reflects all of the colors of the rainbow. Brown 
 grasses cling closer to the earth, dotted with red and yellow 
 and purple and amber and gray. White rocks on the river 
 banks gleam and glisten. Birds join in a farewell chorus 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 with the singing brooks and the sighing cataracts. With a 
 whirr of wings a redhead flashes across from the hills and 
 splashes into the water, A quail pipes in the brown fields. 
 A squirrel laden with chestnuts chatters saucily. 
 
 So autumn passes, making way for the scene of the snow 
 and the ice. 
 
 This is the realm, far-sweeping from the Delaware to the 
 Susquehanna, of Majesty and Beauty. 
 
 DELAWARE WATER GAP, PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 A\'ithin a radius of a few miles of this pretty station with 
 its adjoining park, which commands a full view of the 
 famous notch through which the Delaware Riv^er flows, is 
 
 BIRD S-EYE 
 
 VIEW, 
 
 PATERSON, 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 ^ k^ 
 
 included, a writer of note has stated, more scenic beauty, 
 greater possibilities of comfort combined with recreation 
 and sport than can be found in any other equal scope of 
 country. It has been a summer resort of wealthy New 
 Yorkers and Philadelphians and easterners in general since 
 the first summer boarding-house was constructed there in 
 1833. With the years its habitues have increased steadily, 
 and the means of comfort and luxury have augmented in 
 proportion. 
 
 While the gap itself is the center of beauty it is sur- 
 rounded by delights which weeks of exploration can not 
 exhaust. Eureka creek comes down through a wild glen in 
 miniature cascades. A beautiful rustic arbor by the roadside 
 
LACKA WANNA RESORTl 
 
 at tlie entrance of the glen stands as a memento of George 
 W. Childs, who builded it years ago. Mount Minsi, guarding 
 the Pennsylvania shore, rising 1,400 feet from the waters of 
 the Delaware, gives one of the most magnificent views in 
 the world. Its favorite lookouts are The Promontory and 
 Prospect Rock, 
 
 Winona Cliff, perched high above the Lackawanna tracks, 
 commands a view up the valley that is superb in its beauty 
 and grandeur. This is the spot selected by Winona for the 
 execution of her fatal "leap," and which gave rise to the 
 original name of "Lover's Leap," Ridge Path leads to it 
 through the heart of the forest. Below, on the lower ledge, 
 a magnificent mountain trail, Moss Ledge, winds its way to 
 
 Child's Arbor. Both lead to Hunter's Spring, far up on 
 Mount Minsi. 
 
 In a recess of the mountain is Caldeno Fall. Lover's 
 Retreat commands a vista of the river and the opposite 
 mountain as also does Council Rock, Lake Lenape lies in a 
 depression between hills, nearly surrounded by a growth of 
 beautiful trees, on one side the steep wooded slope of Table 
 Rock. Sylvan Way is a pathway leading to Caldeno Fall, 
 Moss Cascade and Diana's Bath. Moss Cascade is on the 
 slope of Table Rock. 
 
 Cooper's Cliff is on the southern crest of Table Rock, 
 about five hundred feet above the river. The view is varied 
 and beautiful. Moss Grotto, Eureka Falls, and a hundred 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 other points are incomparable. With such surroundings and 
 sources of amusement, rambles over miles of mountain 
 paths, vistas of great beauty opening at frequent intervals, 
 drives in many directions in a most interesting country ; 
 steamboat and rovvboat service ; good trout and bass fishing, 
 hotels and boarding-houses of the best, it is no wonder that 
 New Yorkers and Philadelphians, the former but three hours' 
 distant, the latter a few minutes more, pronounce this their 
 favorite resort and resting-place. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, gi\ing rates and complete 
 information, \\ ill be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 PORTLAND — DELAWARE, PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 These two pretty towns nestle on the shores of the 
 Delaware River just below Water Gap. They are backed by 
 the high range of the Kittatinny Mountains, which are cut 
 and slashed by magnificent brooks, forming many water- 
 falls, cascades and rapids. Good hotels and boarding- 
 houses may be found throughout this district, in which lovers 
 of the beautiful in nature and of the rod and gun may find 
 all that they desire. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 STROUDSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Stroudsburg, a ten minutes' run over the Delaware, 
 Lackawanna & Western from the Water Gap, on the bank of 
 a rushing, sparkling trout stream, Brodhead's Creek, is the 
 station from which most of the noted resorts of the Delaware 
 Valley are reached by stage and convevance. 
 
 MISTY MORNING, va.iv.;/ .,.,.., , , '• • j i 
 
 DKLAWAKE WATER GAP. Tficfamous IMilford bicycle r.nd driving road, known to 
 
 thousands of 
 wheelmen, 
 passes through 
 or near by the 
 followingresorts 
 and places of 
 interest : Mar- 
 shall's Creek 
 a n (;! Falls by 
 the same name ; 
 
 Copyright, 1900, Detroit ehotographic Co. EcllO Lake, the 
 
 finest sheet of water in the state ; Rushkill, with its fine 
 hotels and boarding-cottages and waterfalls ; Forest Park, 
 
LACKA WANNA RESORTS, 
 
 its lake and mammoth hotel in the wildest and most secluded 
 mountain retreat ; Dingman's, with its famous high falls ; 
 Silver Thread, its hotels and boarding-cottages and Ray- 
 mondkill Falls. Thus on through to Aiilford is one contin- 
 uous panorama of shifting scenes along Delaware's mossy 
 
 SHAWNEE RIVER, 
 POCONO MOUNTAINS. 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Hi 
 
 ■^ 
 
 I ^^ 
 
 -^^~ 
 
 
 ^^^HWHHI 
 
 rf J 
 
 U „• .'-t"^"- 
 
 
 
 Ml 
 
 HMtes 
 
 iJj^^i(iI^^*^''^"g^-'^'' iirifeif 
 
 ^^^^^^^^^^^ jy^a 
 
 ^9 
 
 pVDiH 
 
 ■pn 
 
 banks as it winds like a silvery thread through this enchanted 
 fairy land. 
 
 From here, too, are reached the hunting and fishing 
 grounds of Monroe and Pike counties ; the trout streams, 
 the lakes and river where abound the bass, shad, pickerel, 
 perch, mountain brook trout and other specimens of the 
 finny tribe. 
 
 The towns of Stroudsburg and East Stroudsburg have all 
 the modern improvements, electric light, telegraph, tele- 
 phone, local and long distance, connecting with the large 
 cities. They have a combined population of over five 
 thousand. Charmingly situated among the mountains, 
 nestled at the base of the foothills of the famous Pocono 
 Range to the northwest, with the main axes of the Blue 
 Ridge Mountains forming a boundary on the southeast, 
 with the beautiful Highland Dell, a spur of the Blue Ridge, 
 intervening, forming a natural and picturesque Acropolis 
 overlooking the towns — it is no wonder that the many 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 FALLS AT 
 FOREST PARK, 
 NEAR STROUDSBURG. 
 
 thousands of summer boarders and visitors have long- pro- 
 nounced this the greatest resort region. 
 
 This country is justly celebrated for the beauty and 
 grandeur of its scenery ; its healthfulness and 
 freedom from malarial influences, its clear 
 sparkling water gushing from the mountain 
 springs and brooks, its fine drives and walks in 
 cool and shady nooks, by waterfalls through 
 
 mountain gorge and over peaks whose height command 
 views of unsurpassing beauty, 
 
 Stroudsburg has a hold upon history in being one of the 
 places of refuge of those who fled from the Wyoming 
 massacre, and as the place of residence of Teedyuscong, the 
 Indian chief who played so conspicuous a part on the first 
 settlement of the whites in this part of the country. But the 
 real progress of the town, as well as its name, dates from 
 the latter part of the last century. Col. Jacob Stroud had 
 command here of Fort Penn, and owned four thousand 
 acres of land. Previous to his death, which occurred in 
 1806, he had erected three houses, one of which still stands 
 and is known as the Stroud mansion. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 SPRAGUEVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Spragueville appeals to the summer guest on account of 
 its high altitude and picturesque surroundings. It is located 
 on Brodhead's Creek. Many beautiful residences have 
 been erected here. The surroundijig country affords many 
 magnificent drives. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rate? and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 CRESCO, PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Cresco is situated in the highlands, many points ^n the 
 immediate vicinity having an altitude of from 1,700 to 1,900 
 feet. It is the railroad station for Paradise Valley, Moun- 
 tainhome, Canadensis, Laanna, South Sterling, Promised 
 Land, Bright Creek Park and Easton Anglers Park. This 
 region abounds with streams of pure sparkling 
 water and numerous falls, including Buckhill, 
 Lockards, Levers, Rhododendron and Spruce 
 Cabin. Paradise Valley is near. The scenery 
 is unexcelled in this section of the state. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, givin 
 rates and complete information, will be mailed on appl 
 cation accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 HENRYVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Henryville is a little village ver>' prettily 
 situated at an altitude of 1,730 feet, overlook- 
 ing the Analomink River in the Pocono Moun- 
 tains. It is a region of woodland and water, 
 where nature has undisputed sway. Few 
 spots in Pennsylvania offer so much that is 
 inviting. Here are some of the most prolific 
 brook trout streams in America — East and 
 West Branch, Brodhead, Cranberry, Heller, 
 Paradise and Devil's Hole — all famous. Park- 
 side, on the banks of the Analomink, is a beau- 
 tiful little rural retreat, not more than three 
 hours' ride from New York. Rhododendron 
 and laurel are especial attractions in spring 
 and early summer. Late in June rhododen- 
 dron is in its glor>% and the thousands of 
 bushes covered with delicate blossoms make 
 a dainty picture, worthy the brush of the 
 most ambitious painter. 
 
 Points of interest are Echo Barn, 
 Prospect Ledge, Point Lookout, High 
 Rock Summit, 190 feet, directly over 
 Analomink River ; Red Rock Glen 
 Red Rock Falls, Paradise Falls, 
 Quarry Pool, Cave Pool, Fen 
 ner's Grotto. Beautiful drives 
 
 3UCKHILL FALLS, 
 NEAR CRESCO. 
 
LACKA WANNA RESORTS. 
 
 RKD ROCK FALLS, 
 NEAR HENRYVILLE, 
 
 lead to Sylvan Cascades, Buckhill Falls, Pocono Summit, 
 Mount Pocono, Pocono Knob, Swiftvvater, Wiscasset, Para- 
 dise, High Bridge and others. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 MOUNT POCONO, PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Situated at an altitude of nearly 1,900 feet on the Pocono 
 Mountains, which cross the northeastern counties of Penn- 
 sylvania, and which belong to the same chain as the Catskills, 
 in New York, and the Black Mountains of North Carolina, 
 this region has been aptly called the "Switzerland of 
 America." 
 
 From Mount Pocono a superb panoramic view is spread 
 to the eye. Back over innumerable hills roll great broken 
 billows of pine forest, a virgin woodland unbroken save by 
 an occasional farm clearing. To the right and left bold spurs 
 project their steep and rugged fronts. Pocono Knob, the 
 noblest, thrusts forward its rock-bound summit like some 
 huge turret or the prow of a mighty battleship. Lying 
 between the spurs, and seaming them in every direction, 
 deep ravines and sheer gorges form mystic depths, through 
 whose dim recesses rush and leap the spring-fed mountain 
 torrents. The long, straight line of the Blue Ridge, stand- 
 
 Copyriglit, 1900, Detroit Photographic Co. 
 
 ing out against the sky like a rampart, bounds the distant 
 horizon, except where the break of the Delaware Water Gap 
 gives a glimpse through it of the distant hills of New Jersey. 
 
LACKAWANNA ]^ESORTS, 
 
 The atmosphere is remarkably dry, far more so than at 
 equal altitudes along the main Allegheny range. It is soft 
 and mild, and has in it the healthful balm and exhilarating 
 cordial of the breath of the primeval forests. 
 
 The thermometer registers on an average from ten to 
 
 WISCASSET POOL, 
 POCONO MOUNTAINS 
 
 Cop> right, 1900, Detroit Photographic Co. 
 
 fifteen degrees lower than in the cities of New York and 
 Philadelphia. Nights are cool. There is no malaria. The 
 altitude is not sufficiently great to increase nervous condi- 
 tions. Here all throat and chest troubles are benefited, and 
 weak lungs are made strong. 
 
 The Pocono Mountains with their natural beauties of 
 wood growth and brawling streams, of valleys, towering 
 heights and magnificent prospects, cast a spell over those 
 who visit them, and bring back the same people year after 
 year. Their numbers are being steadily augmented by 
 those who each season for the first time become acquainted 
 with the sublimity of the region. 
 
 The various streams of the neighborhood, filled with 
 trout, are easily accessible, and give good sport with the 
 rod. There is also good pheasant, quail and rabbit hunting 
 in the autumn. 
 
 Finer hotels are not found in any mountain resort. Sev- 
 eral are equipped with all the modern appliances for the 
 convenience and comfort of their guests. Steam heat per- 
 mits the enjoyment of the cool w^eather, the laurel and 
 rhododendrons of June, as well as the changing foliage of 
 
LACKA WANNA RESORTS. 
 
 DELAWARE RIVF.R 
 AT WATER GAP. 
 
 Copyright, 
 
 the invigorating autumn 
 days, without discomfort. 
 Spacious verandas and 
 porches look out upon well 
 kept, shaded lawns of em- 
 erald green. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Board- 
 ing Houses, giving rates and com- 
 plete information, will be mailed 
 on application accompanied h\ 
 2-cent stamp. 
 
 I'OBYHANNA, 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Situated in the summit of 
 the mountains at an altitude 
 of over 1,900 feet above tide 
 water, Tobyhanna is justly noted as a health resort and is 
 extensively patronized by those suffering with pulmonary 
 diseases. The village, which contains about eight hundred 
 inhabitants, is prettily situated. Good hotels and boarding- 
 houses abound, and the gunning and fishing are excellent. 
 Like all the Pocono region this section is absolutely free from 
 insect pests and malaria. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 troit PhotOijraphic Co 
 
 SCRANTON, PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Scranton combines within itself and the immediate vicinity 
 attractions which make it one of the most interesting cities 
 in the United States. Situated in a pocket among the moun- 
 tains upon the banks of the beautiful Lackawanna River, the 
 "Stream of Laughing Waters," with the historic Susque- 
 hanna River almost at its gates, with miles of history, romance 
 and tradition branching out from it in every direction, it is a 
 point to hold the tourist for many weeks. Itself a great city, 
 with all that wealth and well-directed energy can provide in 
 the way of comfort and luxury, the traveler finds there what- 
 ever accommodations he may desire. An old city, in which 
 was born the knowledge of the utility of anthracite coal and 
 the energy which compelled the recognition of the product in 
 the markets of the world, it offers much of historic interest. 
 Within a radius of only a few miles is produced more hard 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 coal than in any other district in the world. Scranton itself 
 stands over a coal mine, the drifts and galleries of which 
 underlie it at every point. Great mountains of culm, as the 
 waste from the natural coal is called, tower into the sky at 
 every hand and give evidence not only of the vast past pro- 
 duction of black diamonds, but of the work that is going on 
 from day to day. Near at hand are immense coal-breakers 
 and coal-washers in which the natural product is prepared 
 for the hearth. Great iron furnaces, fed by the fuel produced 
 at their very doors, send upward their pillars of flame to 
 illuminate the night sky. 
 
 About this little enclosed valley nature has distributed 
 some of her most magnificent works. In the brooks running 
 into the Lackawanna are waterfalls that are known the world 
 over. Nay Aug Falls is within the very heart of the city in a 
 magnificent park, which has been constructed upon a neigh- 
 boring mountain within the last few^ years. The glen of 
 Roaring Brook is one of the most picturesque in these moun- 
 tains of beauty. To the northwest toward the Susquehanna 
 the mountain scenery can not be surpassed. Down the river 
 to its junction with the Susquehanna, giant coal-breakers may 
 be seen upon every hand. The mines offer a study of weeks 
 and months, a study which may be carried on with ease and 
 with the ready assistance of those who are in 
 charge of the collieries. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving 
 rates and complete information, will be mailed on appli- 
 cation accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 FACTORYVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Factoryville is a pretty little village perched 
 up in the mountains nearly nine hundred feet 
 above sea level. Its proximity to Scranton 
 makes it a favorite summer resort, not only 
 for the residents of that city, but for tourists 
 who desire to be within easy reach of the attrac- 
 tions of a large city. 
 
 Lake Winola, four and a half miles from 
 Factoi^'ville, is one of the most beautiful and 
 largest sheets of water in northern Pennsylva- 
 nia. It is fed entirely by springs and is as 
 clear as crystal. It is surrounded by beautiful 
 groves, and is noted for its fine summer cot- 
 
 NAY AUG FALLS, 
 NEAR SCRANTOr 
 
 Copyright, 1900, Detr'jit Photographic Co. 
 
CKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 tages, boating-, bathing and fishing. Here are superb black 
 bass, and pickerel, that attract the angler from near and 
 far. The altitude is i,ioo feet. The air is cool and brac- 
 ing — free from malaria. There are many beautiful drives 
 in the neighborhood. Scenery is unsurpassed. A large 
 hotel that will accommodate four hundred people is situated 
 on the bluff, eighty feet above the lake. From it a fine view 
 of the surrounding country is obtainable. Commodious 
 stages connect with all the important trains from Factoryville. 
 
 Lake Sheridan, three miles from Factoryville, is known 
 throughout the east for its fine pickerel, of which it furnishes 
 a never-ending supply. Many fine cottages, occupied in 
 summer by people from the cities, are here located, also a 
 number of furnished cottages for rent. A more picturesque 
 and pleasantly situated lake for a summer outing would be 
 hard to find. 
 
 The famous East Mountain Lithia flowing well, which 
 rivals the famous Buffalo Lithia Springs for its purity and 
 health-giving properties, is only two and a half miles from the 
 station. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
SUSQUEHANNA TRAIL. 
 
 A STORY OF AN HISTORIC HIGHWAY. 
 
 Copyright, 1900, by Will Bogert Hunter. 
 
 DOWN the valley of the Susquehanna, the scene 
 of savage butchery never surpassed, once ran 
 a great highway of an incipient nation, and 
 along it was fought a harrowing campaign 
 that eventually broke the back of Indian 
 uprisings east of the Mississippi. 'Twas 
 but a bit of a trail, packed by the mocca- 
 sined foot of Mohawk, Seneca, Onondaga, 
 Oneida, Cayuga and Tuscarora journeying 
 southward from the strongholds of the Six 
 Nations in search of game or plunder, or to 
 make war upon the peaceful Delawares. 
 Generations of redskins had trodden it before 
 the first boat of the white man grated upon 
 the beach of the New World. Over it marched the painted 
 braves who made war upon John Smith in Chesapeake Bay 
 when the fifteenth century yet was young. During that cen- 
 tury and the next it was soaked with the blood of pilgrims 
 toiling toward the golden west — the land of fabulous beauty, 
 fertility and wealth. For three hundred years it has been 
 making history, now of war, now of peaceful commerce. 
 
 From camp-fires on the Mohawk this trail led southward 
 through the depths of the virgin forest, following the Otes- 
 quago, which drains a tiny lake perched at the very tip of a 
 great watershed. Southward it continued to Lake Otsego, 
 where council fires often burned ; still southward through the 
 valley of the Susquehanna among the rolling hills of New 
 York ; southward along the pathway cut by the surging 
 waters deep into the towering mountains of Pennsylvania ; 
 southward still through the plains beyond to the sea. Along 
 it the Great Master painted a masterpiece — a picture of 
 wooded hills ; of glistening lakes in settings of green : of 
 
SUSQUEHANNA TRAIL. 
 
 rolling prairies ; of lazy streams winding adown avenues of 
 reaching trees ; of towering mountains ; deep indented vales ; 
 swift-running brooks tumbling, tossing, splashing, dancing 
 against rocky ways, and leaping in flashing waterfalls in 
 moss-grown, fern-filled glens ; of bold promontory frowning 
 high above a sweeping river — a picture which the vandal 
 never can mar. 
 
 Connecting with this trail at the north, before the days of 
 roadways and when rivers were the natural highways, was 
 the old path from New England by way of the headwaters of 
 the Hudson up the Mohawk. Over this adventurous hunt- 
 ers from Connecticut found their way into the very heart of 
 the Allegheny Mountains, They carried back such glowing 
 accounts of the wonderful beauty and the fertility of the val- 
 leys that hardy tillers of the ungenerous soil of New England 
 sought this earthly paradise. Afoot, driving before them 
 their horses and their cattle, wearily they made their way 
 toward the valley of Wyoming. Protestant Germans, fleeing 
 from religious persecutions in the Old World, had preceded 
 them into the valley of the Mohawk, forming the settlement of 
 Andrustown. Hardy Scotch already were tilling the bottom 
 lands of the Schohaire. The new England idea was farther 
 reaching ; the pilgrim fathers pushed on. Many found in 
 the upper valley of the Susquehanna the ideal of their hopes. 
 Others traveled on to the great flats in Pennsylvania. 
 
 From the south came the adherents of Penn following the 
 old trail from the sea. 
 
 Both claimed the garden spot of the New World by vir- 
 tue of purchase from the Indians, who, unused to the ways 
 of the white man, sorrowfully watched the invasion of the 
 domain for which they had fought through many years with a 
 red foe from the north. Teedyuscung, chief of the Delawares, 
 though grieving over the seizure of the lands of his tribe, 
 yet was the friend of the whites who had taught him the 
 Christian faith. He had seen two hundred of the New Eng- 
 landers invade his territory, had watched them plant their 
 fields and build their cabins, and, when winter approached, 
 journey back toward the north. 
 
 In the spring, after their return, treacherous emissaries 
 from the Iroquois murdered the old chief in his wigwam and 
 burned his body among its ruins. His warriors, attributing 
 the deed to the whites, without warning fell upon the 
 peaceful settlers. Twenty fallen men were scalped while 
 
SUSQUEHANNA TRAIL, 
 
 panic-stricken women and children, protected by the men 
 who had escaped, fled to the mountains through the Swamp 
 of Death toward their old homes in New England. 
 
 The valley was emptied of whites. 
 
 Knowing that the sturdy Connecticut farmers would not 
 thus yield up the fertile lands, Pennsylvania thought to fore- 
 stall their return by taking possession of the valley. They 
 builded a fort at Wyoming from which to resist the Indians 
 and their own brethren from the north. Six years later a 
 party of forty New Englanders, returning to the valley by way 
 of old Susquehanna Trail, found the English in possession. 
 
 From this time on through several years English and 
 Yankee contended for the possession of the valley. Troops 
 were hurried up the Susquehanna from Pennsylvania to aid 
 the English ; companies came down Susquehanna Trail from 
 New England to reenforce the Yankee ranks. Battles bloody 
 and furious, more merciless than those waged by the red- 
 skins, raged year in and year out with permanent victory to 
 neither. While the struggle waged on field and in courts 
 the Revolution broke and the Pennamite war ceased from 
 the necessity of contending forces to join arms in the service 
 of a liberty-seeking people. 
 
 Out from the valley passed the bravest of the men to 
 fight in the ranks of Washington. In fields labored the 
 women and the children, commissaries for the army at the 
 front. In the mountains others leached ashes for saltpeter 
 and made gunpowder. The home guard and the few troops 
 under old Zebulon Butler protected the settlements from 
 invasions of the Indians. 
 
 At the head of the old trail events were forming that were 
 destined to make the highway of the Susquehanna the scene 
 of moving Continentals and red-coated British. English 
 generals were inciting the Indians to join with them, offering 
 as inducement gold of the realm for each dripping scalp, 
 Brandt, chief of the Six Nations and most powerful redskin 
 of his day, was joining forces with the British. Barry St. 
 Leger was moving toward Albany from Oswego with a large 
 force of British regulars, Tories and Indians. Nathaniel 
 Herkimer, at the head of his little force of Continentals, met 
 him near Utica and in the battle of Oriskany several hundred 
 Indians were slain. 
 
 Brandt, stung by the slaughter of his warriors, began a 
 warfare upon defenseless white settlements, aided and 
 
SUSQUEHANNA TRAIL. 
 
 abetted by the British who associated with him under John 
 Butler, The first attack was upon the patriotic settlers 
 of Wyoming Valley. Down Susquehanna Trail, down the 
 less prominent trails of the Unadilla and the Tioughannock, 
 poured the Indians to Tioga Point, the juncture of the 
 Chemung with the Susquehanna. From this point Indians, 
 British and Tories descended the Susquehanna on rafts to 
 the Wyoming Valley. 
 
 The story of the Wyoming massacre needs no repetition. 
 The treachery of the Tories within the American forts, the 
 awful slaughter of the whites by the blood- 
 thirsty Indians remembering Oriskany, the 
 heroic fight of Zebulon Butler and his little band 
 are familiar tales. A stately monument, visited 
 each year by thousands, tells, on its simple mar- 
 ble tablet, the whole story. 
 
 Wyoming did not satisfy the Indians for their 
 
 losses at Oriskany. It seemed only to whet the 
 
 redskin thirst for blood. Later in the same 
 
 year the savage horde passed northward over 
 
 Susquehanna Trail, and Cherry Valley's awful story went 
 
 into history. 
 
 So appalling had become the massacre of the whites and 
 so menacing the alliance of the Indians with the British, that 
 the American generals deemed it necessary to carry an active 
 campaign into the enemy's country. 
 
 Susquehanna Trail was chosen as the avenue of the 
 campaign. 
 
 Command of this expedition was offered to General Gates, 
 but he insolently refused it. General Sullivan then was chosen 
 as the commander of the center which moved to the valley 
 at Wyoming. Gen. James Clinton moved in by way of 
 the Mohawk, descending the old trail. Gen. Daniel Brod- 
 head moved forth from Pittsburg toward Fort Niagara, the 
 avowed destination of the expedition. 
 
 Sullivan spent the greater part of the summer in prepara- 
 tions. Long before he reached Wyoming Clinton was at 
 the headwaters of the Susquehanna. Travel was difficult. 
 He devised a clever way of making it easier for his men. 
 They dammed the river and constructed rafts, it being the 
 intention to cut the dam at the proper time and sail to the 
 junction of the Chemung on the flood tide. When marching 
 time came the army passed down Susquehanna Trail, for the 
 
SUSQUEHANNA TR/. 
 
 dam had gone out weeks before, flooding the valley and 
 greatly astonishing the Indians. 
 
 Sullivan and Clinton met at Fort Tioga at the junction of 
 the Susquehanna and the Chemung, and prepared to march 
 against a combined force of British, Tories and Indians, who 
 for weeks had been rendezvousing at Newton, now Elmira, 
 from Detroit, Niagara and the northern territory of the Six 
 Nations. 
 
 The campaign was to be one of destruction. The old 
 Indian town of Chemung was the first met. It was 
 destroyed to the last teepee, as were the acres of corn sur- 
 rounding it. 
 
 At Newtown the British were behind weak fortifications, 
 thrown up with the purpose of deceiving the Americans, 
 who were expected to follow the old Indian trail and fall into 
 an ambush prepared for them. 
 
 Sullivan was too old a soldier for the trap. He had the 
 field carefully reconnoitered and the plan of battle carefully 
 was laid. 
 
 While the riflemen in front of the mock fortifications kept 
 the British busy Generals Poor and Clinton moved their 
 columns upon the enemy's left, while Colonel Proctor placed 
 his artillery to command the entire British position. 
 
 Three hours of hard fighting resulted in the repulse of the 
 British. They retreated in disorder toward Lake Ontario. 
 
 Sullivan's army followed with all possible haste, for 
 it was not the intention that the campaign should come 
 to an end with a battle that drove the British from their 
 position on the Chemung. Indian settlements were to be 
 burned, fertile fields of grain and burdened orchards from 
 which the British army was receiving subsistence were to be 
 destroyed. 
 
 Sullivan's army did its work effectually. For three weeks 
 it marched unmolested through beautiful Genesee Valley, 
 destroying everything before it. The return journey was 
 along Susquehanna Trail. 
 
 This campaign broke the backbone of Indian uprisings 
 in the eastern country. So terribly did the savages sulTer in 
 loss of braves and property that from that day the British 
 never could induce them to enter the war either in great 
 numbers or with their old-time savage spirit. Future Indian 
 uprisings remained for the savages of the west, who had 
 had no lesson in the white man's mode of warfare. 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 PITTSTON, PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Pittston, scenically unrivaled in all America, was the 
 very heart of the struggles between the settlers from Con- 
 necticut and those from Pennsylvania for the possession of 
 the Wyoming Valley. Situated at the junction of the Sus- 
 quehanna and Lackawanna rivers it was a point of strate- 
 NAY AUG TUNNEL, gical importaucc. This the Indians recognized before the 
 
 NKAR SCRANTON. 
 
 Copyright, 1900, Detroit Photographic Co 
 
 advent of the whites, for here, at the foot of Campbell's 
 Ledge, one of the most striking inland promontories in the 
 world, they builded their village of Assernghny, using the 
 top of the precipice behind as the site for their beacon fires. 
 Here was the site of Fort Jenkins, erected by the hardy New 
 Englanders in 1778. Directly across the river was Fort 
 Ogden and the "Pittston Stockades." Just below was 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 Fort VVintermoot. Upon these forts the Indians of the Six 
 Nations, under the command of the British general, John 
 Butler, descended from Tioga Point, further up the Susque- 
 hanna, to begin the tragedy which has gone down into his- 
 tory as the Wyoming massacre. The last vestige of the forts 
 long since disappeared ; but Monocacy Island, to which 
 escaping occupants of the forts swam to be murdered in cold 
 
 blood by their own brothers, still lifts its head above the 
 waters. 
 
 Queen Esther's rock, upon which the infuriated Indian 
 princess had fourteen of the Americans murdered in retalia- 
 tion for the death of her son in a recent engagement, is the 
 object of great curiosity, and the credulous believe that a 
 dark stain upon it comes from the blood of the slain. 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 Here, also, was Sullivan's rendezvous before entering upon 
 his campaign of devastation. 
 
 Views from Campbell's Ledge can not be surpassed in 
 any land. Standing like a grim sentinel, which in the Indian 
 days it was, lifting its almost perpendicular banks hundreds 
 of feet into the air, it overlooks three magnificent valleys. 
 Away to the southward, now basking in the sunshine, now 
 hid in the shadows, now disappearing behind mountain 
 ledges, the Susquehanna glides like a glimmering serpent. 
 From the northwest it comes tumbling down through the 
 rocky pass in the towering hills. To the northeast stretches 
 away the valley of the Lackawanna, with abrupt shores upon 
 which perch countless giant machines that bring forth from 
 the earth its dusky diamonds. As far as the eye can reach 
 beauty vies with beauty, each trying, as do dames at a ball, 
 to appear most attractive. 
 
 Campbell's Ledge, too, has its history, of course. Dial 
 Knob, it first was called, because its shadows accurately told 
 the day. But that was before a mythical party named Camp- 
 bell, pursued by the Indians, leaped over its precipice to his 
 death on the rocks below. Here, too, was a mysterious 
 spring that coated objects dipped in its waters with flakes of 
 gold. A white boy captive saw an Indian chief lift a flat rock 
 to uncover it and his tale has caused the expenditure of count- 
 less labor and money in later day efforts to discover it. 
 
 Bald Mountain lifts its venerable head for a background 
 to this historic sentinel of the valley. A few miles up the 
 Susquehanna Falling Spring pours its foaming waters over a 
 bluff two hundred feet high. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on applicatioti accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 WYOMING, PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 This peaceful village, lazily basking in the sunlight of the 
 present day, was the scene of the Wyoming massacre. 
 Against a fort erected here by the Pennsylvania troops under 
 General Ogden, in 1767, and captured later by Col. Zebulon 
 Butler, the British, Tories and Indians under John Butler, 
 hurled themselves on the morning of a beautiful July day in 
 1778. The flower of the valley's manhood had marched 
 away to the aid of the Continental army, and were following 
 Washington in his days of trial, while Zebulon Butler and a 
 small body of militia guarded the women and childr^eti at 
 
LACKAWANNA RESC 
 
 home. Upon this pitifully weak garrison the British and 
 Indians descended, forcing a surrender. Then came the 
 massacre, incited, it is said, by Tories, who the day before 
 had turned over the garrison at Fort Wintermoot to the 
 enemy, without a struggle. The reds, maddened by rum 
 that had been served to them plentifully, seeking revenge 
 for the blood of brethren who had fallen in battle at Fort 
 Stanwix, ruthlessly murdered helpless women and children, 
 and mercilessly cut down the whites. Those who escaped 
 the scalping-knife were driven into the wilds of the forest. 
 
 On this old battlefield lay the bodies .of the slain for 
 nearly four months, until Colonel Butler brought back a 
 force for the purpose of burial. For years even the site of 
 the common grave was lost beneath the plow-stirred fields. 
 In 1832 the spot was located, and over it the descendants 
 of the heroic little band have erected a massive granite 
 monument. Upon this is a marble tablet which tells the 
 story of the massacre in these words : 
 
 " Near this spot was fought, on the afternoon of 
 the third of July, 1778, the Battle of Wyoming, in 
 which a small band of patriotic Americans, chiefly 
 the undisciplined, the youthful and the aged, spared 
 by inefficiency from the distant ranks of the Rebel- 
 lion, led by Col. Zebulon Butler, with a courage that 
 deserved success, boldly met and bravely fought a 
 combined British, Tory and Indian force of thrice 
 their number. Numerical superiority alone gave 
 success to the invader, and widespread havoc, deso- 
 lation and ruin marked his savage and bloody foot- 
 steps through the valley. This monument, commem- 
 orative of these events and in memory of the actors 
 in them, has been erected over the bones of the slain 
 by their descendants and others who gratefully ap- 
 preciate the services and sacrifices of their patriotic 
 ancestors." 
 
 On another marble tablet are the names of one hundred 
 and sixty-two of the men defenders of the fort who were 
 thus butchered after their surrender. 
 
 Wyoming is a pretty little town, with broad, shaded 
 streets and pretty homes. On the leading street stands 
 today a number of. tipsy houses. The back yards of these 
 abandoned houses sank many feet not many years ago, due 
 to the cave-in of a coal mine beneath. To the north of 
 
:ACKA WANNA RESORT^ 
 
 Wyoming, reached by a delightful ride through a pretty 
 valley, is the camp-meeting ground of Wyoming confer- 
 ence. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 WYOMING MASSACRK 
 lONUMENT. 
 
 PLYMOUTH, PENNSYLVANIA, 
 
 Plymouth was one of the first settlements in the Wyoming 
 Valley, and was the abiding-place of the Shawnees long 
 before the white man came down from the north over Sus- 
 quehanna Trail. From their village the braves went forth to 
 the famous "Grasshopper War" with the Delawares, which 
 resulted in their being driven from the valley. While the 
 braves of the Shawnees and the Delawares were on hunting 
 expeditions the women and children of the former tribe 
 crossed the river in search of berries and fruit. One of the 
 children caught an enormous grasshopper. Delaware chil- 
 dren, envious of possession, began a fight for it. The women 
 of both tribes joined in the fray, and when the Shawnees 
 returned from their hunting expedition they were incited to 
 attack the Delawares in their camp on the present site of 
 Wilkes-Barre, then Maugh-wau-wame. The invaders suffered 
 serious loss and were driven northward to seek another 
 abiding-place. 
 
 This village also was the scene of one of the most des- 
 perate fights of the second Pennamite war. 
 This war, which was interrupted by the War 
 of the Revolution, was taken up again imme- 
 diately after the American supremacy over Eng- 
 land. In 1785 a large force of Pennamites met 
 a band of Yankees in the woods near Ply- 
 mouth, and in the engagement several were 
 killed and many wounded. The Pennamites 
 were pursued to their fort, where they were 
 besieged until the Yankees learned that a res- 
 cue force was upon its way. They then moved 
 forward and ambushed the invaders near the 
 present site of Nanticoke. 
 
 Plymouth also occupies a place in history 
 as the point from which the first cargo of coal 
 was shipped. In the fall of 1807 Abijah Smith 
 purchased an ark which had been used for the 
 transportation of plaster, floated it to Plymouth 
 
 Copyrijjht, 190J, Detroit Photographic Co. 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 and loaded it with fifty tons of anthracite coal. Late in the 
 season this was landed successfully at Columbia. This 
 probably was the first cargo of anthracite coal ever offered 
 for sale in this or any other country. 
 
 Plymouth is a city of about 12,000 people, beautifully 
 located on the Susquehanna River. Its brick-paved streets 
 are picturesque and inviting ; its hotels are good and its 
 homes attractive. Electric street cars run from it to inter- 
 esting points in the vicinity. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 FORTY FORT, PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 On the site of this picturesque river town was erected in 
 1769 the first fort constructed by the hardy settlers of New 
 England for defense against the Indians. It derived its name 
 from the fact that there were just forty Connecticut settlers to 
 build it. At the time of the advance against the valley by 
 John Butler it had been strengthened and materially enlarged, 
 so much so, that in it was placed the main hope of the settle- 
 ment. The British Butler, in a report to his superiors, states 
 that after the surrender of Forts Jenkins and Wintermoot he 
 summoned Forty Fort to capitulate, but the commandant 
 refused the terms proposed. Two days later the American 
 commander, following ill-advised action of a council of war, 
 marched out to meet the foe. He was led into an ambush 
 and thirty-four officers and 268 privates were killed; the loss 
 to the British, according to Butler, being three killed and 
 eight wounded. The British commander must have had a 
 premonition of the massacre which was to follow on the next 
 day, for in his report he said : 
 
 *' What gives me the sincerest satisfaction is that 
 I can, with great truth, assure you that in the destruc- 
 tion of this settlement, not a single person has been 
 hurt of the inhabitants but such as were under arms ; 
 to these, indeed, the Indians gave no quarter." 
 Up to that time he reported that his force had " killed or 
 driven off about 1,000 head of horned cattle, and sheep and 
 swine in great numbers"; and had also taken "eight pali- 
 sades, six forts, and burned about 1,000 dwelling-houses and 
 all the mills." 
 
 The site of Forty Fort is today intersected by the highway. 
 There are no remains of it. It is said, however, that an old 
 
KA WANNA RESORTS, 
 
 STARTED 
 COAL MIN 
 WYOMING 
 
 TOWARD A 
 E, 
 VALLEY. 
 
 log house in which a surrender was arranged still stands. In 
 an old Methodist church, erected here in 1807, Francis 
 Asbury and Lorenzo Dow did much to spread the Methodist 
 faith throughout this region. 
 
 Director}' of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 KINGSTON -- WILKES-BARRE - H ARVEY^S LAKE. 
 
 These two historic towns nestle down at the base of moun- 
 tains on either side of the Susquehanna River, a long bridge 
 and fast trolley car connections making them really one, 
 physically if not politically. 
 
 Here w^as the first settlement of the Connecticut farmers, 
 on Mill Creek. Here was the scene of the first Indian mas- 
 sacre following the murder of the 
 Delaware chief Teedyuscung, and the 
 whole valley was emptied of every 
 white within it. Here, in 181 2, was 
 erected the first really artistic church, 
 from the steeple of which rang out 
 the peals of a bell cast in Philadel- 
 phia the preceding year. On this, in 
 Latin, was the inscription, "I will 
 sound and resound unto Thy people, O 
 Lord, to call them to Thy Word"; and for over a quarter of 
 a century it pealed the knell of the departing day, and those 
 within its reach covered their hearth fires and retired to rest. 
 Here the Experiment, the first power boat on the upper Sus- 
 quehanna, being propelled by poles set in motion by horse 
 power, landed on its first voyage in 1824. Here, early in the 
 nineteenth century, was established a ship-yard, from which 
 was launched with great ado a sloop of twelve tons, the John 
 Franklin. It reached the sea in safety, and Wilkes-Barre at 
 once began to boom as a ship-building center. In 181 2 
 another sloop of sixty tons was launched, and with great 
 rejoicing christened "The Luzerne of Wilkes-Barre." She 
 was dashed to pieces on her journey to the sea on the rocks 
 at Conowago Falls — and Wilkes-Barre's dream of ship-build- 
 ing was crushed. 
 
 Just east of Wilkes-Barre, on a high mountain range, is 
 Prospect Rock, the view from which, by many, is considered 
 superior to that from Campbell's Ledge. Clarke thus de- 
 scribes it : 
 
LACKA WANNA FESOPTS, 
 
 "The panorama spread before the eye is mag- 
 nificent—the valley with the beautiful Susquehanna, 
 dotted with many a verdant island, winding through 
 it ; the pleasant old villages, that lovingly cling to 
 the banks of the river as if the stream which runs 
 through them and links them together were a symbol 
 of the beautiful chain of unity that in the former time 
 bound them together against the common perils of 
 the wilderness; the remembrances of these perils, 
 which one sees in yonder monument ( for it is dis- 
 tinctly visible ) , and beyond all these the threefold 
 tier of mountain ridges that rise one above the other 
 along the western sky ; one of them near at hand, 
 with its well-defined form, while the other two peer 
 from above with their blue tops, as from some other 
 world." 
 
 Kingston is mainly a city of homes, though on the out- 
 skirts are some of the largest collieries in this world-famous 
 anthracite region, the Woodward and Pettebone being among 
 the greatest in existence. Wilkes-Barre is located on a 
 plateau that extends nearly half a mile from the river bank. 
 The drives are magnificent. Electric lines run in all direc- 
 tions from the city. A magnificent public park, extending 
 two miles along the river bank, is one of the finest in the 
 east. Splendid public buildings and the homes of many of 
 the coal barons add greatly to this beautiful city of over 
 50,000 people. 
 
 Harvey's Lake for many years has not only attracted 
 from the larger cities, but has been the summer refuge of the 
 residents of the historic Wyoming \'alley. It lies in the 
 heart of the Blue Ridge Mountains, twelve miles from the 
 city of Wilkes-Barre by an electric railway, at an elevation of 
 1,255 feet above tide-water, and is the largest inland lake in 
 the state of Pennsylvania. Its waters on every side lap the 
 mountain edges, and its rugged picturesqueness defies 
 description. Not in natural beauty 
 alone does this inland lake excel 
 most mountain resorts. Its waters 
 are a natural hatchery for bass and 
 pickerel. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding 
 Houses, giving rates and complete infor- 
 mation, will be mailed on application ac- 
 companied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 AN OLD SETTLER 
 OF WYOMING. 
 
LACKA WANNA RESORTS, 
 
 NANTICOKE, PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Nanticoke was the scene of the ambush of the Penna- 
 mite rescuers by the Yankees referred to under the story 
 of Plymouth. Even at that time it was a prosperous village 
 of the Nanticoke Indians, from which it takes its name. 
 Stone thus describes the battle : 
 
 " In ascending the bank of the Susquehanna, on 
 coming to a narrow defile, naturally defended by a 
 rocky buttress, they (the Pennamites) were suddenly 
 arrested by a volley of musketry. An instant after- 
 ward, the invaders discovered that the rocky parapets 
 were covered with men bristling in arms — prepared 
 for a Tyrolese defense of tumbling rocks down upon 
 the foe, should their firearms prove insufficient to 
 repel them. Taken thus suddenly and effectively by 
 surprise, Plunkett retreated with his forces behind a 
 point of rock for consultation. He next attempted 
 to cross the river and resume his march on the other 
 side. But here, too, the people of Wyoming had 
 been too quick for him. The invaders were so hotly 
 received by a detachment in ambuscade on the other 
 side, that they were constrained to retreat, nor did 
 they attempt to rally again." 
 This was the last military demonstration on the part of 
 Pennsylvania to drive from the valley the Connecticut 
 settlers. 
 
 Nanticoke is prettily perched upon the hillside, and is a 
 city of about 15,000 inhabitants. An electric railroad con- 
 nects it with Wilkes-Barre and other towns in the valley. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 HUNLOCK, PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Passing Nanticoke the Lackawanna Railroad enters the 
 mountain region along its route. The river cuts through a 
 gorge in the mountains, which rise several hundred feet on 
 either side. The coal-mine scenes have been left behind, 
 and now only the glories of the hills and the river are to be 
 seen. Here begins the fine fishing grounds of the river, and 
 bass and pike, with now and then a huge salmon, are the 
 delights of the sportsman. Hunlock is a quiet hamlet from 
 which the farmers of the valley to the north do their ship- 
 ping. A splendid road leads back to where there are ponds 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 and streams which abound in fish, and where immense quan- 
 tities of lilies can be had. Rural scenes here are such as 
 would delight an artist. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 SHICKSHINNY, PENNSYLVANIA. 
 Bump, in his admirable description of the Susquehanna 
 Valley, has this to say about Shickshinny : 
 
 ' ' The narrow mountain pass ends in a blaze of 
 glory at Shickshinny, where five different spurs come 
 to the river's edge and make their bow to each other. 
 The village of Shickshinny is located in the hollow 
 formed by two of these ranges, and through it runs 
 Shickshinny Creek, which tumbles down a gorge 
 with the echo of several waterfalls behind it. By 
 some Shickshinny is said to mean in Indian phrase, 
 ' quick-dashing-water.' By others it is said to mean 
 ' where five mountains meet.' Both are apt guesses. 
 At Shickshinny the river makes a sharp turn south, 
 and so continues for six miles to Wapwallowpen, 
 where it again swerves westward. The left bank for 
 this six miles is closely bounded by the Wapwal- 
 lowpen Hills, which terminate above the village of 
 Wapwallowpen in a vigorous and grand rocky front, 
 900 feet high, known as ' Pulpit Rock.' It is a fine 
 outlook, for the mountains diminish below Wapwal- 
 lowpen." 
 
 Back in the valley beyond Shickshinny — the Huntington 
 Valley — there is a fine stretch of farming country, and the 
 creeks and runs have furnished many delightful seasons to 
 the trout fisherman. It is a hospitable country, where the 
 drives are excellent and the scenery grand. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 BLOOMSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 While nearly all of the towns in this vicinity have 
 associated with them memories either of Indian attacks, 
 Pennamite war battles or the Revolution, Bloomsburg brings 
 to the fore one of the Civil War. This town lies about three 
 miles back from the Susquehanna on the banks of Fishing 
 Creek. During the War of the Rebellion it was noised 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 HIGH BRIDGE, 
 NEAR DANSVILLE. 
 
 about that a number of Copperheads and some Confederates, 
 who nad come down from Canada, had erected a fort on the 
 bank of the creek and were planning to descend upon the 
 loyal people of the valley. Hundreds of federal soldiers 
 were hurried there, under command of Major-Generals 
 Cadwallader and Couch. They failed to find the much- 
 vaunted foe, but they did put in irons nearly fifty men who 
 were dissatisfied with the draft law. 
 
 Bloomsburg shows in its every section the impress of a 
 prosperous town. It is the county-seat of one of the most 
 prosperous of the agricultural coun- 
 ties of the commonwealth. The 
 streets are exceptionally broad. 
 They are well shaded and graded 
 and always in fine driving condi- 
 tion. The town is lighted by elec- 
 tricity. On a commanding hillside 
 to the east of the town is located 
 one of the best known of the state's 
 normal schools, with commodious 
 buildings and grounds. The town 
 is well sewered, has a first-class 
 water-works, and steam-heating 
 pipes are run through the streets. 
 A fine iron bridge crosses the river 
 connecting with the rich agricultural 
 section in the southern part of the 
 county. Here connection is made 
 with the Bloomsburg & Sullivan 
 Railroad, which runs northward 
 into the lumber regions of Sullivan 
 County, passing through the Fish- 
 
 Copynght.x9oo-; Detroit Photographic Co. -^^^ ^^^^^ ^^jj^^^ ^^^^ rcachiug 
 
 Lake Ganoga. This is one of the paradises of Pennsylvania 
 for the angler and the hunter, the mountain streams there- 
 abouts being alive with trout. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 CATAWISSA, PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Catawissa is situated romantically along the north branch 
 of the Susquehanna River in a "pocket" in the hills at the 
 mouth of Catawissa Creek. Above and below are steep 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 bluffs, and in the rear rises the Catavvissa Mountains, from 
 whose summit there unfolds a magnificent view of field and 
 forest, plain and mountain, fifty miles in either direction. 
 
 There was an Indian village here two hundred years ago, 
 of which Lapackpitton, a Delaware, was chief. It is an old 
 Quaker settlement and within its borders still stands an old, 
 vveather-beaten meeting-house erected more than a century 
 ago and still used by the Friends for their half-yearly meet- 
 ings. This is said to be the first meeting-house erected 
 between Wyoming and Sunbury. 
 
 Pure mountain water, beautiful scenery and romantic 
 drives are its principal attractions for summer visitors. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 DANVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Danville once held the front place as an iron-producing 
 town. Its blast furnaces were big ones and the rolling-mills 
 turned out thousands of tons annually of rails and merchant 
 iron. The iron ore was mined in the hills close by and 
 hauled to the furnaces. Now the ore mines are closed and 
 the furnaces dismantled and in ruins, cheaper production of 
 pig iron elsewhere causing this condition. But the rolling- 
 mills continue in operation, and these, w^ith other industries 
 since brought in, maintain the town at about the same plane 
 that marked it in the heyday of the iron industry. On the 
 hills near the town are yet seen the mansions of the iron 
 kings, one of which, the Beaver residence, has recently been 
 purchased by the Sisters of Mercy and is to be turned into a 
 home for aged and friendless women. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 NORTHUMBERLAND, PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Northumberland is a city of memories, haunting visions 
 of the peaceful and war days of the redskins, of great dis- 
 coveries in the field of science, of the spread of the Christian 
 faith, of the development of the iron industry of America, 
 of a hermit life following an awakening from a dream of 
 
 love. 
 
 Count Zinzendorf established a Moravian mission here ni 
 1745. Shikellimy, father of the famous Mingo Logan, whose 
 speech against the white man's cruelty of the redskins is 
 
ACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 familiar to every schoolboy, ruled a village here in 1728. 
 Shamokin, " where gun-barrels were straightened," was an 
 Indian village which took its name from the fact that the 
 Moravians maintained near at hand a smithy where the red- 
 skins' guns were repaired. Dr. John Priestly, discoverer of 
 oxygen and founder of chemistry, had his home and his 
 laboratory here. His body rests here in an old burying- 
 ground on the slope of Montour's Ridge, back of the town. 
 In 1874 American chemists assembled here to celebrate the 
 discovery of oxygen. Near at hand, in the town of Sunbury, 
 the first United States senator from Pennsylvania, Maclay, 
 builded a home which still stands. The old Hunter mansion 
 stands on the site of Fort Augusta, one of the chain of 
 defenses erected during the days of the French and Indian 
 war, and again garrisoned during the War of the Revolution. 
 The magazine of the old fortress, named after the mother of 
 George III., is now used as a cellar by occupants of a house 
 standing over it. An old cannon from Fort Augusta was 
 recovered from the river in 1798 and is now in possession of 
 a fire company of Sunbury. 
 
 Northumberland's position on the tongue of mountain 
 land formed by the confluence of the west branch of the 
 Susquehanna River with the main stream makes it one of the 
 most beautiful spots in the Allegheny Mountains. In the 
 united river waters, which, on account of a dam below, form 
 a large lake here, is reflected the beauties of Blue Hill, which 
 rises abruptly from the river edge over four hundred feet. 
 On the face of this cliff the imaginative can see the likeness 
 of the old chief Skikellimy. Upon its crest stood for many 
 years a tower leaning at an angle of thirty degrees over the 
 water. It was constructed by John Mason, who lived here 
 the life of a hermit because of disappointment in love. The 
 meeting w^aters are parted again by a picturesque island upon 
 which is John B. Packer's model farm. Poet and historian 
 have found soul-stirring beauty and interest here, and the 
 artist has transferred to his canvas the gorgeous splendor of 
 the mountains and the river. 
 
 Northumberland is nicely laid out, with streets that are 
 arched with shade during the summer. It has a splendid 
 supply of pure mountain water, piped a distance of five 
 miles ; electric lights and an electric railway connecting with 
 Sunbury, two miles away. Several steamboats ply on the 
 1 iver between the two towns, and furnish means for rides of 
 
LACKAWANNA I^ESORTS, 
 
 several miles and to a fine pleasure ground at Island Park on 
 Shamokin Island. Two miles from the town by a pleasant 
 drive are lithia and sulphur springs, surrounded by cottages. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 HALLSTEAD, PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Hallstead is one of the prettiest of the smaller towns on 
 the upper Susquehanna, and like all settlements along that 
 stream, it is rich in traditions of the Indians. Near here the 
 river is quite narrow and from its bank tower up great cliffs, 
 known to the early settlers as "Pictured 
 Rocks." High upon these cliffs, at a point pr_ : 
 
 seemingly inaccessible, was once the picture 
 of a red chief in full war equipment. This , , 
 faded with the years, but the red remained, 
 giving to the cliff to the present generation 
 the name " Red Rock." Associated with a 
 tiny graveled point near the middle of the 
 stream is another Indian story. Here, it is 
 said, was once 
 an island 
 around which, 
 on gala days, 
 the savages 
 used to race 
 with canoes, 
 the prize to 
 the swiftest be- 
 ing the honor 
 
 of the position of chief of the fun-makers for the day. 
 Hallstead is set amid the high hills, of which " Manotono- 
 mee," the highest, is within a few rods. On this Du Bois, 
 Consul-General of Switzerland, has constructed a number 
 of quaint summer cottages. Teed, the artist, lives here, 
 as did also Catlin, whose Indian studies won him fame. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 STONY BROOK FALLS, 
 NEAR DANSVILLE. 
 
 Copyright, 1900, Detroit Photographic Co. 
 
 MONTROSE AND HEART LAKE. 
 
 From Alford, twenty miles west from Factoryville, a 
 branch of the Lackawanna winds away for a score of miles 
 through a mountain country that revels in beauty. On this 
 
LACKA WANNA RESORTS. 
 
 OAL DUST AND 
 READ. 
 
 Copyright, 1900, Det 
 
 twenty-mile trip the engine climbs over six hundred feet. 
 My first trip over this line was made in the cab of the engine 
 which puffed and groaned up the steep grades though the 
 train consisted only of a couple of cars. The engineer 
 assured me that the road was laid out along 
 a trail in the snow made by the driver of an 
 ox team who had lost his way in the forest. 
 He assured me, also, that in rounding some 
 of the rocky bluffs the locomotive turned 
 square corners. He exaggerated a trifle, 
 not much. The ride over this snake-like bit 
 of track is a constant delight. Every turn 
 reveals new beauties. Every new vista 
 brings a surprise. Heart Lake, only a few 
 miles from Alford, reminds one of the dainty 
 silver ornament which dangles from the 
 bracelet of a w-oman of fashion. Its silver 
 surpasses that of the mines, however, and 
 the setting of green forest and rocky shores 
 adds greatly to its charm. It takes its name 
 from its form — almost a perfect heart. 
 
 Montrose perches in the very center 
 and on the highest point of a moderately 
 hilly and finely cultivated region, equal 
 in area to forty square miles, and is sur- 
 rounded on all sides by the hills of the 
 tortuous Susquehanna River, and the 
 mountain ranges of the Lackawanna. 
 The outlook to these distant hills and 
 mountains, and into seven or eight counties 
 of Pennsylvania and New York, over the 
 intervening region of forests, orchards, cul- 
 tivated fields and pleasant agricultural homes, presents in 
 every direction views of rural beauty and picturesque 
 loveliness. 
 
 A natural lake of about fifty acres lies at the foot of these 
 hills on one side, while gently sloping down the other lies 
 the village, with its im.posing courthouse and fine school 
 building, its seven churches, its attractive village hotels, 
 stores, and its many pretty homes, some of which are thrown 
 open for the accommodation of summer guests. 
 
 Charming drives lead in every direction to natural lakes 
 and streams lying but a few miles distant, and these afford 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 excellent fishing. The water is pure, and the air is full of 
 exhilarating, life-giving ozone. Here there are no fogs, no 
 malaria, no sleepless nights. Montrose is within one hour 
 of Binghamton and Scranton, six hours from New York, and 
 seven from Philadelphia. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 BINGHAMTON, NEW YORK. 
 
 Binghamton, in one respect, may be likened to a maiden, 
 a widow and a wife, for it has had three names in its century 
 and a half of known existence. In its maiden days, when it 
 was known as Otsiningo, it was the home of the "Three 
 Nations," an alliance of the Nanticokes, the Mohicans and 
 the Shawnees, though the country about was inhabited by 
 the Tuscaroras. Its location at the junction of the Chenango 
 and Susquehanna rivers made it easy of protection against 
 the foes of the "Three Nations." The Tuscaroras, in 1785, 
 sold it to the state of New York at the treaty of Fort Herki- 
 mer, though the greater part of the surrounding territory was 
 claimed by Massachusetts, which state voluntarily retired in 
 1786 after the Hartford Convention. Land then was sold at 
 the rate of 3 cents an acre. The first white settlers gave to 
 the scattering houses on the site of a now populous city the 
 name of Chenango Point. Its present name is due to the 
 fact that William Bingham, one of the first senators from 
 Pennsylvania, owned large tracts of land in the vicinity. 
 
 Binghamton is now a city of 45,000 people, bespeaking in 
 its rapid growth and development the activity, enterprise and 
 energy of its citizens, and its innumerable advantages as 
 a business center and a place of residence. It is a bright, 
 modern, active and progressive city, beautifully located 
 among stately hills, which make it and its environments 
 most pleasing to the eye. The one hundred miles of streets 
 are regularly laid out and for the most part broad, beautifully 
 shaded and lined with attractive homes and substantial busi- 
 ness blocks. Evidences of thrift, prosperity and contentment 
 are seen at every hand. Improvements of all kinds have 
 kept apace. Miles and miles of asphalt and brick pavements 
 have been laid. A large number of prominent business 
 blocks and public buildings have been erected during the 
 past year. Prominent public institutions are the new Federal 
 Building, State Hospital, two Orphans' Homes, two Homes 
 
ZKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 COAV- BREAKER ON 
 SUSQUEHANNA TRAIL. 
 
 for Aged Women, State Armory, and the Commercial Trav- 
 elers' Home. By reason of its situation there is no doubt 
 that it is destined to become the metropolis of that extensive, 
 fertile territory stretching along the southern border of the 
 state from New York to Buffalo. Its rapid stride forward 
 during the last twenty years may be taken as a sure indica- 
 
 Copyright, 1900, Detroit Photographic Co. 
 
 tion of yet greater development to come. Binghamton as an 
 objective point for excursionists is unexcelled, the beautiful 
 surroundings, points of interest and unequaled pleasure 
 resorts making it the Mecca of pleasure-seekers. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 WAVERLY, NEW YORK, 
 
 Waverly is one of an interesting triple alliance of which 
 Athens and Sayre form the other factors. About these three 
 and the country in the vicinity there is a wealth of interest. 
 Here is Tioga Point, the rendezvous of the British, Tories and 
 Indians before their passage down Susquehanna Trail for the 
 
 Wyoming massacre, and later the meeting-place of Generals 
 Sullivan and Clinton on their campaign of destruction, 
 planned because of that awful slaughter. Here is Spanish 
 Hill, about which clusters enough of story for a book. Upon 
 the very tip of its two hundred feet of rock Spanish coins, 
 dating back over the centuries, have been found and for years 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 historian and romancer have been explaining their presence. 
 De Soto is credited with having stopped here on his way 
 to the Mississippi ; Captain Kidd is said to have buried 
 a part of his treasure here. A dread of this hill possessed 
 the savages. Not a red man could be induced to climb it. 
 According to their traditions a chief who ventured to its top 
 was enveloped in clouds of smoke and returned with a sol- 
 emn injunction to his people never to set foot upon it. 
 Another chief who disobeyed the warning was seized and 
 whirled into space by the Great Spirit who guarded its treas- 
 ure. Near here was Queen Esther's village, upon which 
 Sullivan's little army descended on its way to Newton, 
 remembering the fourteen helpless settlers whom the Indian 
 princess had watched die with fiendish glee at the rock at 
 Campbell's Ledge, What they did to her was never known, 
 but it is related that not a shred of the fiendish hag could be 
 found after the departure of the troops. Here, in 1790, was 
 the scene of the treaty between Colonel Pickering and the 
 Indians, represented by Cornplanter and the famous Red 
 Jacket. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 OWEGO, NEW YORK. 
 
 "There are more romantic, wilder places than 
 this in the world, but none on earth more habitably 
 beautiful. In these broad valleys, where the grain 
 fields and the meadows and the sunny farms are 
 walled in by glorious mountain sides — not obtru- 
 sively near, yet, by their noble and wondrous out- 
 lines, giving a perpetual and wondrous refreshment 
 and an hourly changing feast to the eye — in these 
 valleys a man's household gods long for an altar. 
 Here are mountains that to look upon but once 
 ' become a feeing ' — a river at whose grandeur to 
 marvel — and a hundred streamlets to lace about the 
 heart. Here are fertile fields, nodding with grain ; 
 a ' thousand cattle ' grazing on the hills — here is 
 assembled together in one wondrous center a speci- 
 men of every most loved lineament of nature. Here 
 would I have a home." 
 
 Here Willis, the poet, did make his home, upon which 
 the tourist may gaze today. Here, too. Senator Piatt was 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 born and -lived for many years before the exigencies of 
 politics took him nearer to the law-making throne. Here 
 Washington Gladden, famous divine, set type in a print- 
 shop. Here Pumpelly, famous geologist, was born. Here, 
 too, in the quiet cemetery is the grave of Sasana, who 
 labored diligently for money with which to publish a 
 Mohawk edition of the Bible. Over her grave a modest 
 slab bears this inscription : 
 
 SA-SA-NA LOFT 
 
 BY BIRTH A DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST 
 BY ADOPTION A CHILD OF GOD. 
 
 Owego in itself is an attractive town of about five 
 thousand inhabitants, with well-kept streets, and a pretty 
 park. A diminutive steamer on the river runs to Big Island, 
 a favorite spot of tourist and inhabitant. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 APALACHIN, NEW YORK. 
 
 Apalachin, a pretty little village on the Susquehanna 
 River, seven miles distant from Owego, is a great outlet for 
 the Pennsylvania region, a stage running between it and 
 Friendsville, Pennsylvania, touching en route Bear Swamp, 
 Little Meadows and South Apalachin ; also South Owego, 
 Warren Center, Middletown Center, Neath and other Penn- 
 sylvania points. The fishing along the Susquehanna is 
 excellent. Goat Island, one-half mile from the station, is a 
 favorite camping-ground for summer pleasure-seekers. Near 
 it is located the old home of the Rockefellers. Carmalet 
 Lake, where trout are plentiful, is only seven miles away. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp 
 
 ITHACA, NEW YORK. 
 
 Nature has been more lavish with her gifts in the vicinity 
 of Ithaca than in any other one place in the Empire state. A 
 great lake, a magnificent region where health and happiness 
 abide, and where the eyes of mankind feast until the soul is 
 content and the mind is benumbed with bewilderment, are 
 its unrivaled attractions. 
 
 Ithaca has been called the ' ' region of cascades, ' ' and the 
 name is certainly appropriate to the surroundings. The 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 GLEN NEAR 
 DANSVILLE. 
 
 hand of nature here busied itself to an unusual extent in 
 carving out of the rocks the irregular crevices through which 
 the silvery streams of crystal water plunge and turn until 
 they reach their natural level. In addition are many ravines 
 which have a peculiar interest attached to them. There are 
 ninety-six falls by actual count, which vary in height from 5 
 feet to 340 feet. One mile from the village is Ithaca Falls, 
 160 feet high, or 7 feet less than Niagara. The width of the 
 fall is 150 feet. Nine miles from Ithaca are the world-famed 
 Taughannock Falls, that glory in being forty-eight feet 
 higher than Niagara. 
 
 All the falls are not directly within the town boundary, 
 but there are fifteen close by, the height of each of which is 
 over one hundred feet. It is generally conceded that Casca- 
 dilla and Fall Creeks furnish the most enchanting of all the 
 waterfall scenery. Taughannock Falls is the highest in the 
 state, being 215 feet, while the rocks rise 145 feet above it. 
 The falls and surrounding scenery are almost unapproachable 
 for magnificence. 
 
 Ithaca is situated at the head of Cayuga Lake, and has a 
 population of 12,000. It is principally famous as the seat of 
 Cornell University, founded by Ezra Cornell, whose idea is 
 best expressed by his own words : " I would found an insti- 
 tution where any person can find instruction in any study." 
 The university has turned out many a learned scholar and 
 is too well known to require a detailed description here. 
 
 Cayuga Lake is one of the finest inland lakes that make 
 central New York so famous as a summer resort. It is 
 fifteen miles long, and reposes between high hills that 
 stretch along its entire length and far beyond to the south. 
 It is, also, one of the most magnificent lakes in this country, 
 being clear and of great depth ; it abounds in most entranc- 
 ing scenery. Lake fishing, which is always a delightful 
 pastime, is here indulged in every sea- 
 son by many enthusiastic fishermen, 
 who invariably catch sufficient lake 
 trout, bass and other fish, to convince 
 them that old Cayuga Lake is the ver- 
 itable Mecca of anglers. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, 
 giving rates and complete information, will 
 be mailed on application accompanied by 
 2-cent stamp. 
 
 Copyright, 1900, Detroit Pliotograp 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 ELMIRA, NEW YORK, 
 
 Elmira was the scene of the famous battle of Newtown, 
 the fight which broke the back of the Indian uprisings east ot 
 the Mississippi River, and in which General Sullivan wiped 
 out the disgrace of the massacre of W'yoming and Cherry 
 Valley. Rev. David Craft, a historian of some note, says of 
 this campaign : 
 
 " It was an expedition in which not only peculiar 
 hardships might be expected, but it was one with 
 scarcely a parallel in the world's history for the bold- 
 ness of the design and the courage with which it was 
 undertaken. Sherman's march to the sea has re- 
 ceived and justly merits the applause of men for its 
 daring and its success ; but this expedition was far 
 more daring, and, if the loss of life and the ends it 
 secured be taken into account, equally as successful 
 in its execution and deserves first rank among the 
 great military movements in our country's history." 
 lust to the east, near the pretty station of Lowmansville, 
 is the monument erected to the memory of Sullivan and his 
 
 """"Tradition tells of the occupancy of the Chemung Valley 
 earlier by far than that of the white men under Sullivan, and, 
 perhaps, earlier than that of the Indians who had their pretty 
 villao-es here. Near the outskirts of the city stands Fort 
 Hill "guarding the river which flows by it through an exceed- 
 ino-i; narrow and wild gorge. Upon its summit early settlers 
 discovered the ruins of fortifications that bore no evidence 
 of having been constructed by the redskins. Whoever occu- 
 pied them safely guarded the river, for no boat could have 
 passed without annihilation. On the battlefield of Newtown 
 too are a series of ridges known as the " Hogbacks, which 
 eminent authorities declared to be fortifications of some pre- 
 
 ^'' WitWrthe confines of Elmira was concluded the famous 
 treaty between Colonel Pickering and the Indians, 1,400 of 
 whom were present, represented by Cornplanter and Red 
 Tacket A tree still waves in the breeze, branches under 
 which," it is said, the terms of this historic treaty were con- 
 sidered From Elmira southward down the banks of the 
 Chemung and the Susquehanna ran an old post road to 
 Wilkes-Barre before the days of the stage-coach, and alon^ 
 
LACKA WANNA RESORTS, 
 
 CHEMUNG RIVER, 
 NEAR ELMIRA. 
 
 this same highway the lumbering coaches afterward traveled 
 with their loads of passengers. 
 
 Here, too, is the end of the historic Chemung and Seneca 
 Lake canal, constructed just after the completion of the Erie 
 
 Copyright, 1900, Detroit Photographic Co. 
 
 waterway. Capt. Eli Wheeler, inventor of the sleeping-car, 
 was one of the first captains to sail this inland highway. 
 
 Elmira also played an important part in the War of the 
 Rebellion. It was one of the chief stations on the "under- 
 ground railroad," by means of which so many slaves escaped 
 from the south. Its present-day negro population is made 
 up largely of descendants of the slaves who were harbored 
 there. In 1861 it was one of the three military depots in the 
 state of New York. Many regiments were recruited there 
 and sent to the front. Here was a great military prison in 
 which more than twelve thousand southern prisoners were 
 lodged and guarded. Many died within its walls, smallpox 
 carrying off nearly four hundred within a year. The bodies 
 were laid to rest in a little cemetery, to which for years 
 journeyed southern sorrowers seeking the bodies of loved 
 ones. 
 
 In an aristocratic part of the town stands a forlorn, 
 tumble-down, weather-beaten building called the Hendy 
 House, said to be the first erected in the Chemung Valley. 
 In another part of the city is "Quarry Farm," the summer 
 home of Mark Twain. 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 Elmira has four public pleasure grounds, of which the 
 most important is " Eldridge Park," in the northern portion 
 of the city. This contains about forty acres, has a natural 
 lake of crystal water half a mile in circumference, and many 
 miles of fine drives and walks, pavilions, summer houses, 
 a bear pit, and all the requisites of first-class pleasure 
 grounds. 
 
 In a business way the city is a hive of industry. The 
 railways have great shops for construction and repairs, and 
 thousands are employed in them. The advantages of the 
 location which gives access to the territory about it have 
 made Elmira the greatest railroad center in the interior of 
 the state. As a consequence, and because of its nearness to 
 the bituminous coal mines in its vicinity, factories of almost 
 every description are established in 
 the city. 
 
 Electric trolley cars make all parts 
 of the city easily accessible, including 
 flourishing suburbs. 
 
 The drives about the city and vi- 
 cinity are famous for their beauty. 
 For the pleasure-seeker the river fur- 
 nishes bass fishing, and charming 
 boating facilities and camping-grounds 
 are numberless. Many cottages have 
 been erected along the riverside above 
 and below the city, while the splen- 
 did clubhouse of the Country Club, 
 with its golf links, is a summer para- 
 dise. No interior city of the state combines more advan- 
 tages for pleasure and for business than Elmira. Its rapid 
 growth is the highest evidence of its position and resources. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 OLDEST HOUSE IN 
 CHEMUNG VALLEY. 
 
 
 Copyright, 1900, Detroit Photographic C 
 
 WATKINS GLEN — REACHED FROM 
 ELMIRA, NEW YORK. 
 Watkins Glen, popular for nearly a century as one of 
 nature's most magnificent freaks, is reached from Elmira. 
 The glen which has attracted the tourists for so many years, 
 is situated in the village of Watkins, Schuyler County, at the 
 head of Seneca Lake. The village in itself is a pretty spot, 
 but the Glen, of course, is the main attraction. 
 
LACKAWANNA RESOPTS. 
 
 This Glen consists of a series of arcades, galleries and 
 weird caves, and here and there silver cascades are to be 
 found that impart a wonderfully romantic appearance to this 
 romantic spot. 
 
 Here human art stepped in to assist nature in exhibiting 
 her marvelous store of wonders to the best advantage. 
 Before any explorations could be made by tourists it became 
 necessary to erect ladders, by means of which ascents could 
 be made from one steep incline to another, and to cut path- 
 ways in the rock. 
 
 Probably the most beautiful of the attractions of this spot 
 is Rainbow Falls, so called because at particular seasons, when 
 the sun is in a certain position, it shines through the mist 
 which emanates from the waterfall, causing it to assume all 
 the colors of the rainbow. The other great attractions are 
 Entrance Cascade, Trout Pool, Glen Alpha, Stillwater Gorge, 
 Minnehaha Cascade, Fairy Cascade, Neptune's Pool, Cavern 
 Cascade, Cavern Gorge and the Labyrinth. 
 
 A delightful feature of the chasm is the wonderful coolness 
 of the air. The sun never shines here, and very often on the 
 hottest day a light wrap becomes a necessary adjunct to a 
 tour of inspection. 
 
 The air at Watkins is filled with the resinous odor of pine 
 and hemlock. 
 
 A sanitarium is near the Glen, and is a popular place for 
 persons seeking invigorating air and a cool atmosphere. 
 
 The view of Seneca Lake from the observatory is one of 
 the grandest to be had anywhere. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 LOWMANVILLE, NEW YORK. 
 
 Lowmanville, aside from its natural beauty, is of chief 
 interest to the tourist because of its proximity to the Sullivan 
 monument, erected to the memory of the soldiers who fell in 
 the battle of Newtown. This monument was dedicated April 
 29, 1879, the centennial anniversary of the battle. It stands 
 upon an eminence six hundred feet above the level of the 
 sea, at the base of Monument Hill in the midst of the scene 
 of the very thickest of the fray. It is built of quarry stone 
 and is over fifty feet in height. Neglected for years it is 
 crumbling to decay, and unless some one becomes interested 
 in it this historic relic soon will be level with the dust. 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 Already it has lost the tablet which told the story of the 
 
 battle in these simple words : 
 
 "Near this spot, on Sunday, the 29th day of 
 August, 1779, the forces under Joseph Brandt were 
 met and defeated by the Americans under the com- 
 mand of Major-General John Sullivan." 
 This slab fell from its position years ago and now only 
 
 small fragments of it can be found. Two other marble tab- 
 lets, one bearing the figures " 1779," the other the numerals 
 
 " 1879," still remain. 
 
 The top of the monument, which is reached by means of 
 
 a spiral staircase, discloses a scene 
 
 of great beauty, extending from 
 
 the farthest limits of Elmira on the 
 
 north to the village of Waverly on 
 
 the south. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding 
 Houses, -giving rates and complete infor- 
 mation, will be mailed on application 
 accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 HORSEHEADS, NEW YORK. 
 
 During the return of General 
 Sullivan and his little army from 
 their campaign of destruction to- 
 ward Lake Ontario the troops were 
 obliged to dispose of many horses, 
 upon which the heavy march had 
 been particularly severe. The 
 number was so great that the In- 
 dians collected the skulls in one 
 great heap. This spot was refer- 
 red to as " the valley of the horses' 
 heads," from which the town takes 
 its name of Horseheads. It had 
 another name years after when 
 the Chemung and Seneca Lake 
 canal was built. A feeder entered 
 the main waterway at Horseheads, 
 and because of its favorable loca- 
 tion the operators of the canal 
 established a toll station at that 
 point. Horseheads, feeling its 
 
 SULLIVAN'S 
 
 MONUMENT, 
 
 LOWMANVILLE. 
 
 
 r>g^',.^^. 
 
 
 Copyright, 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 new importance, changed its name to Fairport, to indicate 
 its greatness as a water town. Eight years after the historic 
 name was readopted. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding- Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 PAINTED POST, NEW YORK. 
 
 This pretty town recalls another old story of Indian days, 
 a story to which prominence is given by a red post, twenty 
 feet in height, once surmounted by a sheet-iron Indian which 
 turned with the wind, and by a fine bronze statue which 
 stands upon a monument of stone in the center of the vil- 
 lage. The treaty with the Six Nations, made in 1790 at 
 Newtown, was unsatisfactory and another conference was 
 called at Painted Post, which was centrally located as regards 
 the valley of the Susquehanna and its tributaries and the 
 Genesee. A high red post which could be seen for miles 
 made the place particularly conspicuous and therefore desir- 
 able as a meeting-place. Here the Indians gathered, but the 
 treaty was not considered on that ground for the reason that 
 Colonel Pickering could not get his boats beyond Newtown 
 on account of low water. He went to Painted Post and 
 prevailed upon the Indians to meet with him farther down 
 the valley. As a result of this treaty the Indians took other 
 grounds farther west, leaving the fair valleys of the Chemung 
 and the Genesee to the whites. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 BATH, NEW YORK. 
 
 Situated at an altitude of over eleven hundred feet, Bath 
 is one of the loveliest towns in New York state. It has a 
 population of over five thousand, and is the county-seat of 
 Steuben County. Here is located the old Steuben mansion, 
 the former home of Baron Steuben, which building is now 
 occupied by an exclusive club, comprising in its membership 
 the leading business and professional men of the town. 
 
 Bath is noted for its wide, shaded streets, excellent 
 schools and churches, and the beautiful park which lies in 
 the very center of the town, where band concerts are given 
 in the evening, during the summer months, by the Soldier's 
 Home band. 
 
 The Cohocton River flows past the town and adds to its 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 picturesqueness. Facing the railroad station, on the oppo- 
 site side of the river, is the Davenport Home, an institution 
 founded by the late Ira Davenport, in 1865, for the care of 
 the girl orphans of soldiers of the War of the Rebellion. 
 
 Just out of the village is the state brook trout fish 
 hatchery, which furnishes stock for the surrounding streams 
 and lakes. At this hatcher>' the Mongolian pheasant, the 
 most beautiful game bird on earth, is also propagated for 
 stocking purposes. 
 
 The New York Soldiers' and Sailors' Home is located 
 one mile and a half northwest of the town, in a beautiful 
 portion of the Cohocton Valley, and is a model institution 
 in every respect. The principal buildings are three-story 
 brick barracks, affording accommodation for 1,200 men, a 
 spacious hospital with a capacity for 200 patients and attend- 
 ants, a handsome building for headquarters, a chapel, an 
 amusement hall, a greenhouse, boiler and engine house, 
 laundry and bathhouse, and numerous workshops and 
 storehouses. There is also a home store, a well supplied 
 reading-room and library of 8,000 volumes. 
 
 At Bath connection is made with the Bath & Hammonds- 
 port Railroad for Rheims, Hammondsport and Lake Keuka. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 LAKE KEUKA, NEW YORK. 
 
 Lake Keuka is justly noted as one of the most beautiful 
 of all the lakes of the state of New York. Its situation is 
 such that while the southern portion of the lake lies in the 
 county of Steuben its Y-shaped forks, or northern extrem- 
 ities, are in the jurisdiction of Yates County. Debarking 
 from the cars at Hammondsport, at an altitude of eight 
 hundred feet, the tourist gets a sight of Keuka' s placid sheet 
 and vine-clad shores that will, in a 
 measure, increase all the pleasant an- 
 ticipations he had formed by reading 
 and hearing of the " Champagne dis- 
 trict of America"; for here, as no- 
 where else in the United States, does 
 grape-growing and wine-making en- 
 gross the entire population. 
 
 Within the ten miles of pleasant 
 railway travel from Bath to Ham- 
 
 LAKE KEITKA, 
 NEAR BATH. 
 
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LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 moiidsport one begins to appreciate what is meant by the 
 Keiika grape and wine district. To the newcomer the 
 shades and colors of the vineyard in full leaf always call 
 forth the delight of the eye as it includes the landscape. 
 Here is "wine in pills," fresh from the vines ; and wine in 
 cases, until one wearies of the sight. 
 
 Indian tradition rests on the region. Red Jacket's sum- 
 mering-place and his winter quarters are pointed out to the 
 student of aboriginal story. That here he rested, fished and 
 hunted is beyond successful contradiction, but no red trail of 
 blood soils the ground nor resounding war-whoop echoes 
 over this happy scene. Here the painted warrior laid aside 
 his knife and weapons. Here of old, as now, was peace 
 and repose. 
 
 It is to the sportsman that Keuka presents the greatest 
 attraction. Owing principally to America's greatest fisher- 
 man, and to the generosity of local sportsmen in furnishing 
 the means for stocking, these waters are celebrated. From 
 all parts of the country enthusiastic fishermen come to 
 lure from the depths fish which everywhere abound. Seth 
 Green, the late veteran fisherman and United States Fish 
 Commissioner, said: "I think Lake Keuka unsurpassed by 
 any waters in America as a fishing resort. The purity of the 
 water and the large amount of fish food contained in the 
 lake tend to put the fish in the finest condition for the table 
 and render them very strong and game when on the hook 
 and line." Salmon trout and black bass abound here in 
 abundance. 
 
 The lake is twenty-two miles long. Steamers making 
 close connections with trains bring the tourist to any portion 
 of the lake, to the villas and cottages and the hotels, which 
 are noted for their excellence. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 CORNING, NEW YORK. 
 
 This city has gained fame for the extent and excellence 
 of its manufactories, foremost of which is that of fine glass. 
 In fact, Corning is the center of the glass-cutting industry of 
 the United States, the highest award (The Grand Prize) at 
 the Paris Exposition of 1889, having been awarded to an 
 exhibit from this city. 
 
 The people feel justly proud of their excellent schools 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 and fine churches. Connection is made with the Fall Brook 
 Railway for points north and south, and by stage for Caton 
 and Hornby. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 DANSVILLE, NEW YORK. 
 
 Lackawanna trains, crossing Mill Creek Gorge, 130 feet 
 above a sparkling trout stream below, round the ponderous 
 shoulder of East Hill and reveal, like the quick turn of the bio- 
 graph, 400 feet below, stretching out peacefully to the west, 
 historic and world-famed Genessee Valley, with the beautiful 
 village of Dansville covering its southern confines. The sud- 
 den transition from the hills and glens of Steuben County to 
 this bewitching panorama is almost startling. Veteran tour- 
 ists assert that the Old World or the New reveals no fairer 
 scene than this. 
 
 The village of Dansville is well worth a visit. Its five 
 thousand inhabitants are comfortably housed, have the finest 
 water supply in the state, excellent schools, churches and 
 business houses, good hotels, and a thriving trade. Its chief 
 pride is a sanatorium on the hillside, where, surrounded by 
 its numerous cottages, it benignantly overlooks the peaceful 
 village below. Thousands of people testify to the physical, 
 moral and generally helpful results of a sojourn at this insti- 
 tution, which is one of the most accessible health resorts in 
 the country. No town in the state is more delightfully situ- 
 ated for the tired, worn-out city denizen to resort to for rest 
 and recreation. Beautiful drives abound and well-equipped 
 stables furnish the best of equipages. Wheelmen find excel- 
 lent country roads and side paths for riding their silent steeds, 
 and the lover of nature discovers her here in all her most 
 charming revelations. Numerous glens and trout streams 
 are within easy access, and the sportsman, in the fall, finds 
 numerous covers, where grouse, quail, woodcock and rabbits 
 abound. 
 
 Stony Brook Glen, two miles south of Dansville, stands 
 unrivaled as a unique specimen of nature's handiwork. The 
 entrance, concealed by wooded hills, gives no hint of what 
 lies beyond ; the visitor is amazed and delighted at the vista 
 that opens up just beyond the entrance. Here is a great 
 natural caiion more than a mile in length rent from the ever- 
 lasting hills, with towering precipitous sides varying in height 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 LAKE KEUKA. 
 
 from one hundred to three hundred feet of perpendicular wall. 
 Stony Brook plunges down this narrow defile, making a 
 descent of several hundred feet over a succession of beauti- 
 ful cascades. Substantial walks, stairs and bridges make a 
 tour of the glen safe and comfortable, and convenient picnic 
 tables in charming groves invite visitors to stop and spread 
 their lunch. There are also dancing pavilions, a flowing 
 gas well and other attractions to augment the comfort and 
 pleasure of the visitor. Midway up the glen a railroad crosses 
 on an iron bridge that is the highest railway viaduct in the 
 state. A good cycle path connects Dansville with the glen. 
 
 Culberson Glen is a beautiful place for a day's outing. 
 Three miles north of Dansville, on the main highway, it 
 offers unexcelled natural attractions for tourists. Nature 
 rules here unadorned, and the works of man are absent, 
 except the great iron bridge of the Lackawanna that spans 
 it far above the stream. The roar of the trains, mellowed 
 by distance, mingles with the sound of the falling water as 
 the stream plunges over the heights of Paterson Falls. 
 
 Two miles southwest of the town Canaseraga Creek 
 breaks through the barrier of hills, cutting its way through 
 the rock formation and debouching into the Genesee Valley. 
 The canon is just wide enough for the creek and roadway, 
 and after getting through between the perpendicular cliffs of 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 Poag's Hole the road enters Pleasant Valley, which is rightly 
 named. Here fruit and vegetables grow in profusion. 
 
 A climb up East Hill is always a paying effort. The hill 
 is steep and lofty, the summit being one thousand feet above 
 the town. But the road is good and the view one long to 
 be remembered. Across the valley rise the Ossian Hills, 
 with the swelling eminences beyond the Genesee River in 
 Wyoming County showing dim and blue in the west. The 
 valley at one's feet stretches far and away to the north and 
 northwest, like a great checker-board, and the range of vision 
 is limited only by the horizon. Such a peaceful, lovely scene 
 is good for tired eyes and brain. It stands unsurpassed. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 MOUNT MORRIS, NEW YORK. 
 
 Mount Morris is on a table-land south of the Genesee 
 River, and commands a magnificent view of the valley. 
 From this point the river winds its way across the famous 
 Genesee flats, toward Rochester, about thirty-five miles 
 to the northeast. At the west may be seen the com- 
 mencement of the High Banks, noted in history for the 
 ravages of the red men. Mount Morris is a noted resort for 
 people from Buffalo and New York city, and in summer 
 they collect here in large numbers. A huntsman's club has 
 been formed, conducted on lines similar to the " Meadow 
 Brook" and other kindred clubs. Periodical "runs" are 
 among the most exciting scenes that enter into the season's 
 gaieties. Bass fishing in the Genesee River is excellent. 
 Drives from Mount Morris to Genesee and other surround- 
 ing villages over excellent roads are interesting, and the 
 views are unsurpassed. 
 
 Directory of Hotels atid Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 COHOCTON, NEW YORK. 
 
 From Cohocton fine level roads run up and down the 
 Cohocton Valley, for driving or wheeling, with picturesque 
 and romantic scenery on either side. Cohocton is the nearest 
 railway station to Loon Lake, reached by a four-mile drive 
 through a perfect panorama of delightful scenery. The lake 
 itself is a beautiful little body of water, where great white 
 and yellow water lilies are found in profusion. Fishing is 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 GENESEE VALLEY, 
 NEAR DANSVILLE. 
 
 good. Board can be secured at very low rates, and being in 
 the " Garden of the World" — a name given to this portion 
 of New York state — plenty of fresh milk, butter, eggs, 
 vegetables and fruits, is assured vacationists. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 WAYLAND, NEW YORK. 
 
 Wayland, at an altitude of 1,361 feet above the sea, is 
 beautifully laid out and is the center of a region rich with 
 prosperous farms and replete with picturesque scenery. It 
 is an ideal town in which to spend the summer months. 
 Loon Lake is situated about four miles from here and Hune- 
 lock and Canadice Lakes about eight miles, by fine wagon 
 roads. Good rigs can be had at low rates. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 BUFFALO, NEW YORK. 
 
 It is expected that the census of 1900 will show the city of 
 Buffalo to have a population of nearly or quite 400,000. In 
 arrangement the city is somewhat the shape of a fan, widely 
 opened. The chief business center is near Lake Erie, north 
 of the Buffalo river. From this center broad streets radiate 
 north, east and south. The city contains forty-two square 
 miles, or 25,000 acres. The electric street railway system 
 is unexcelled by that of any city in the world. 
 
 Its commercial importance is shown by the fact that it 
 ranks as the fourth shipping city of the world. 
 
 The summer climate is 
 tempered by the cool, re- 
 freshing breezes that blow 
 from Lake Erie almost con- 
 tinually. Hot nights are 
 almost unknown in the city 
 and the temperature during 
 the day seldom rises to the 
 same degree as other cities 
 of the same latitude. 
 
 Within thirty minutes' 
 ride from Buffalo is the city 
 of Niagara Falls, with its 
 mighty cataracts, whose 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS 
 
 fame is world-wide, and the greatest electric power plant 
 on the globe. Below the Falls is the Niagara Gorge and 
 the wonderful rapids and whirlpool, then the broad, deep, 
 swirling rivef, majestic and picturesque, from whatever 
 view-point seen, moving always with impressive silence 
 onward to the great lake beyond. 
 
 The Buffalo and Niagara Falls Electric Railway runs within 
 one block of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western station 
 and lands passengers directly at Niagara Falls. Cars are 
 run under fifteen minutes headway, passing through the 
 principal streets of the city, affording a view of its finest 
 buildings. 
 
 Passengers holding tickets via the Lackawanna Railroad 
 and its connections are privileged to stop over at Niagara 
 Falls without extra charge. This affords an excellent oppor- 
 tunity of viewing the many wonders of this famous cataract, 
 which people come from all parts of the world to visit. This 
 stop-over may be for any length of time from one to ten 
 days — not exceeding the latter. 
 
 Passengers desiring stop-over should notify the conductor 
 before reaching Buffalo and Niagara Falls of this fact, and 
 he will inform them as to the necessary steps to take in order 
 to have tickets validated for this stop-over. 
 
 Several steamboat lines cross the lakes from Buffalo, run- 
 ning to all points. The steamers are floating palaces and 
 are extensively patronized by tourists during the summer 
 months. 
 
 Next year, on account of the Pan-American Exposition, 
 Buffalo will be the mecca of hundreds of thousands of trav- 
 elers. Of the plans for this gigantic pleasure-ground //ar- 
 pev' s Weekly in a recent article by Marrion Wilcox, had to 
 say : 
 
 "The site chosen for the Pan-American Exposi- 
 tion is a tract adjoining Delaware Park, lying imme- 
 diately north of Buffalo's finest residence district, 
 and including the park lake, with its islands and 
 wooded banks. The natural features suggested the 
 creation of beautiful and brilliant effects. Already 
 the Committee on Plans and the Advisory Board of 
 Architects have promised wonderful fountains, new 
 'enchanted lakes,' the use of all color possible in 
 the treatment of exterior surfaces, a great deal of 
 sculpture, a 'Midway,' a great stadium for the 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 games and sports of the world, and such applica- 
 tions of electricity as the world has never seen. 
 Electrical power, generated at Niagara Falls and 
 carried over cables to the Exposition grounds, is to 
 work the miracles as well as do the drudgery. W^e 
 are to have an ensemble which will suggest the luxu- 
 rious South in its rich coloring and free ornamenta- 
 tion even while displaying the latest achievements 
 of the strenuous North. 
 
 And a particularly fascinating idea is still to be 
 mentioned. With the object of illustrating progress 
 in civilization and the industrial arts, by a compari- 
 son of Americans of today with the aboriginal 
 inhabitants, the several republics and colonies will 
 be urged to bring to Buffalo a village of aborigines 
 from their own territories, and place them on the 
 grounds ' in a manner which will show their native 
 habits of life, customs, occupations and industries ; 
 their religious rites, their means of warfare and nav- 
 igation, and such ethnological collections as shall 
 connect the present with the prehistoric past.' Vil- 
 lages of the native tribes of North American Indians 
 will also be shown." 
 The Lackawanna Railroad, during the Exposition, will 
 land passengers who desire such service, in the great rail- 
 road terminal on the Exposition grounds. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
ONCE A PILLAR OF THE WORLD 
 
 A STORY OF OSWEGO. 
 
 
 ■Kl 
 
 
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 tor Orbis ' ' - 
 four names 
 
 FAMOUS collector of books 
 and curios, resident in Os- 
 wego, New York, has in his 
 possession a certain curious 
 medal. It was issued in 1758, 
 by Louis XV. of France. 
 The obverse bears the some- 
 what flaccid profile of that 
 monarch, and the boastful legend, " Impera- 
 Ruler of the World ; on the reverse are these 
 
 4 
 
 Wesel, Oswego, Port Mahon, St. David. 
 
 By this token we are reminded that a century and a half 
 ago the little city on Lake Ontario was accounted by the 
 king of France one of the four pillars of his kingdom. At 
 that time, it will be remembered, Louis' affairs were at the 
 full tide of success. Everywhere his armies had carried his 
 Lilies to victory. The fortified town of Wesel had with- 
 stood, with honor, a furious siege, confirming his mastery of 
 the Rhine. Port Mahon (Minorca), the most important 
 fortress on the Mediterranean, v\as his by right of capture. 
 In India the intrepid Count Laly had taken St. David, then 
 the strongest place in the far east. Far away, across the 
 Atlantic, Montcalm, soon to exchange life for immortality on 
 the Plains of Abraham, had driven the English out of 
 Oswego, strategic key to the St. Lawrence ; to the Great 
 Lakes ; to that boundless dominion. North America. 
 
 Such a succession of victories might well have inspired a 
 less arrogant king to boastfulness. Louis XV. saw his 
 standards floating at the four corners of the earth and struck 
 this medal, which is now treasured as a curio ; a souvenir of 
 departed greatness. 
 
ONCE A PILLAR OF THE WORLD. 
 
 TYPICAL NORTHERN 
 NEW YORK RIVER. 
 
 But Louis did not overvalue the importance of his vic- 
 tory at Oswego. It was an event which, properly followed 
 up, might have changed the history of America. Fifteen 
 hundred English were captured by the victorious Montcalm, 
 besides seven vessels of war and one hundred and thirty- 
 nine guns. The British flags, having been carried in 
 triumph through the streets of Montreal and Quebec, were 
 hung in the cathedrals as thankful offerings. The Abbe 
 Piquet, a zealous priest accompanying the French army, with 
 his own hands planted on the smoking ruins of the forts a 
 cross, bearing the words, "In hoc signo vinces." The key to 
 the St. Lawrence, to the Great Lakes, to the Western world 
 
 was in French hands. " Minorca is gone," wrote " Horry " 
 Walpole to his friend Horace Mann — " Minorca is gone; 
 Oswego, ten times more important than Minorca, is gone. 
 The nation is in a ferment." 
 
 But the French triumph was short-lived. Having de- 
 molished the forts at Oswego, Fort Ontario, Oswego Old 
 Fort and Fort George, the victors moved away and suffered 
 the place to relapse into English control. The stirring 
 events of the next three years are written large on the pages 
 of American history. They culminated on September i8, 
 1759, ii^ the fall of Quebec, "the solstice in the ecliptic of 
 modern institutions, since it secured America for English 
 institutions and American civilization, to dominate the 
 world." "It supplied to the United States," says the 
 
ONCE A PILLAR OF THE WORLD, 
 
 historian Parkman, "the indispensable condition of their 
 greatness, if not of their national existence." 
 
 Oswego was the base of the British operations against 
 Montreal and Quebec and also the scene of many a bloody 
 encounter during these eventful years. At the mouth of the 
 river, between the reconstructed forts where now the stars 
 and stripes float over a scene of peace and 
 prosperity, Lord Amherst embarked with no 
 less than ten thousand redcoats and one thou- 
 sand three hundred Indians — the greatest 
 army at that time ever seen upon this continent. 
 It was from Oswego that Sir William Johnson, 
 with one thousand Indians^^ and General Pri- 
 deaux, with two thousand white troops, set out 
 upon his long and successful siege of Fort 
 Niagara. During their absence General Hali- 
 mand sustained an almost continuous siege by 
 the Chevalier de la Corne, who vainly strove 
 to recapture the Oswego forts. To this day 
 muskets, cannon balls and other relics of 
 those "dark and bloody days" are occasionally 
 found at the bottom of the Oswego River or 
 upon its banks. 
 
 Nor was the preeminence of Oswego in 
 these stirring events of the eighteenth century 
 by any means fortuitous. For centuries — perhaps ages — 
 before, the place had been an entrepot of commerce or a 
 stronghold in war. It was designed by nature to be the 
 focus of great events. The name itself tells something of 
 its history. Oswego is the English perversion of Chueguerf, 
 which in turn is the French version of the Iroquois Osh- 
 wakee — the "Flowing-out of Waters." 
 
 That is it — the "flowing-out of waters." Into the deep 
 bosom of Ontario, loveliest of the sisterhood of great lakes, 
 Oswego River pours the limpid waters of the manifold inland 
 lakes and rivers, caught from the fertile hills of central New 
 York. Here was the home of the Iroquois, those " Romans 
 of the New World," intrepid, ambitious, cunning, relentless. 
 Eastward and southward their canoes found ample water in 
 lake and river to the Mohawk, which, leading to the Hudson 
 at Albany, showed the way to the sea. Oswego River car- 
 ried them northward to Ontario, where, in peace or war, they 
 met the Ottawas, Nippissings, Wyandottes. A short journey 
 
 ON LAKE ONTARIO. 
 
ONCE A PILLAR OF THE WORLD, 
 
 OSWEGO BAY, 
 
 eastward found the giant St. Lawrence, a noble highway, 
 strewn with fairy islands, guarded by rocky banks, through 
 the great empire of Quebec. 
 
 It was inevitable that the pioneers of New France — 
 what heroes, what martyrs were of the number ! — following 
 Jacques Cartier in his glorious march, should find this lovely 
 
 "outpouring 
 of waters ' ' on 
 the southern 
 shore of On- 
 tario and dis- 
 cern the ad- 
 vantages of 
 its p o s i t i o n . 
 They found 
 it, and the 
 traces of 
 their occupa- 
 tion remain 
 today after 
 centuries of varying fortunes. As long ago as 1615 — five 
 years before the Pilgrim Fathers landed at Plymouth Rock — 
 the brilliant Champlain lingered at Oswego on his expedition 
 against the Iroquois, with sword and cross. The patient 
 and intrepid soldiers of Ignatius Loyola followed soon. In 
 1655 the Jesuit Father Claude Dabion, leading an expedition 
 to effect a settlement among the Onondagas, found an infant 
 settlement at the river's mouth. Thirty years later Count 
 de Frontenac, Governor of Canada, made Oswego his base 
 of operations against the Iroquois. His stockade was prob- 
 ably the first regular fortification erected there. 
 
 By the beginning of the next century a thriving colony 
 had grown up on the site of Frontenac' s stockade, and the 
 English colonists, under the protection of Governor Burnett, 
 were doing an extensive business in hides and peltries 
 bought from the Indians. Governor Burnett, in 1727, 
 erected on the west bank of the river a redoubt of masonry 
 fdrty-five feet high and sixty by thirty feet. This was known 
 as Oswego Old Fort, and later as Fort Pepperell and Fort 
 Chueguen, or Oswego. The site has been marked by the 
 state historical society by a handsome bronze tablet. 
 
 Governor Burnett's fort was regarded by the French as a 
 distinct violation of the Treaty of Utrecht, and the Marquis 
 
ONCE A PILLAR OF THE WORLD. 
 
 of Beauharnais, Governor of Canada, demanded its evacua- 
 tion. The diplomatic governor referred the question to 
 London and for a time avoided the direct issue of force. 
 But the storm was bound to break. Soon thereafter began 
 the struggle between the two great powers of Europe for 
 control of Oswego and mastery of the North American 
 continent. Thousands of lives were lost on both sides. 
 Neither combatant disdained to make use of the cruel and 
 treacherous redskin, and barbarity was added to the horrors 
 of civilized warfare. 
 
 For thirty years the struggle raged. Thousands of lives 
 were lost and both sides of the beautiful river were soaked 
 with blood. Besides the immediate neighborhood of the 
 fort, Battle Island, Pathfinder Island and many another lovely 
 spot, now the delight of the tourist, were scenes of violence 
 and carnage. 
 
 Fennimore Cooper has given the region to immortality. 
 With his delightful novels in hand one may still trace along 
 the river's bank and its beautiful islands the footsteps of the 
 Pathfinder, of Jasper and of Mabel. 
 
 After their victory at Quebec the English held undis- 
 puted possession of Oswego until the War of the Revolution. 
 In 1766 Pontiac, the Napoleon of the Ottawas, having at 
 length ceased to harry the outposts of the paleface, came to 
 the ' ' outpouring of waters ' ' by Lake Ontario and smoked 
 the pipe of peace with the Iroquois chiefs and Sir William 
 Johnson. This event also was commemorated by medals, 
 which were given to Pontiac and his braves as " a pledge of 
 peace and friendship." 
 
 During the great rebellion of the colonies against the mother 
 country Oswego stood at one side, removed from the center of 
 activity. Colonel St. Leger, in July, 1777, moved up the river 
 with two thousand white men and reds, for an invasion of the 
 Mohawk \'alley, his purpose being to cooperate with the ill- 
 fated Burgoyne. He met the Americans at Oriskany and was 
 defeated after one of the bloodiest battles of the war. Fort 
 Ontario, which the English had 
 erected across the river from the * ' Old 
 Fort," was thereafter unoccupied for 
 a season, and, in July, 1778, the 
 Americans destroyed it. Later it was 
 restored, to become the object of an 
 expedition dispatched by General 
 
 FALLEN GREATNESS. 
 
ONCE A PILLAR OF THE WORLD, 
 
 PATHFINDER ISLAND. 
 OSWEGO RIVER. 
 
 Washington under Colonel Willett. This was in January, 
 1783, and was perhaps the last military movement of the 
 Revolution. It failed, owing to the extreme cold. 
 
 For twelve years following the peace of 1783 Fort Onta- 
 rio, though nominally part and parcel of American territory, 
 remained under the British flag. Not until July, 1796, did 
 the English evacuate this American city. The causes of this 
 delay are too long to be enumerated here. They formed the 
 subject of a long and irritating diplomatic correspondence 
 and of much bickering at Paris and Versailles. Washington, 
 in his last message to congress, speaks of this "necessary 
 procrastination" in terms which leave no doubt that there 
 was much to be said on both sides. 
 
 In the war of 18 12 Oswego was captured by a British 
 fleet of eight vessels from Kingston, carrying two hundred 
 
 and twenty guns and three thousand men, under Sir James 
 Yeo. The invaders landed and destroyed the fortifications. 
 This was in May, 1814, and for twenty-five years thereafter 
 the fort lay in ruins. Congress ordered the restoration of 
 Fort Ontario in 1839. It has been occupied almost contin- 
 uously by American troops ever since. The fort occupies a 
 sightly eminence on the east bank, overlooking city and 
 harbor. 
 
 I Company, of the Seventh Infantry Regiment, under 
 Captain Howell, are the present occupants. Daily they 
 mount guard over a scene now as peaceful as beautiful, 
 but which for centuries was the center of a contest hav- 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 ing for its stake the mastery of a continent ; the Hberties 
 and the destinies of a great nation — perhaps even all of 
 mankind. 
 
 OSWEGO, NEW YORK. 
 
 F'evv summer resorts have been so richly endowed by 
 nature as Oswego, terminal of the Delaware, Lackawanna & 
 Western on Lake Ontario. This city of 25,000 inhabitants 
 is beautifully located on both sides of the famous Oswego 
 River where it empties into Lake Ontario. 
 
 The splendid old forests have been supplemented by 
 modern planting, so that the city is fairly embowered in 
 great trees of beech, maple and elm, which shade the wide 
 and pleasant streets, and give a lovely setting to the stately 
 residences which betoken the great wealth of the com- 
 munity. 
 
 Lake and river combine to make the climate all but per- 
 fect. Physicians have found the climate of Oswego particu- 
 larly beneficial. The health reports, which indicate the 
 lowest death rate in New York state, tell the story in official 
 terms. No city of its size is more free from disease. 
 
 There is an abundance of sport of every variety. A 
 large and thriving yacht club is maintained by the citizens, 
 who vie with each other in the beauty and fleetness of their 
 craft. The southern shores of Lake Ontario are famous for 
 their beauty. The land rises in imposing " bluffs, " thickly 
 wooded, and these alternate with bewitching bays, which 
 form natural harbors of perfect security. In the bays the 
 lovers of sport have erected numerous hotels, where the 
 yachtsman, fisherman or gunner finds welcome. 
 
 The Oswego River is ideal for rowing, canoeing and 
 fishing. Its course is picturesque. Islands, large and small, 
 vary its surface. Battle Island and Pathfinder Island, a few 
 miles above Oswego, are famous in both history and 
 romance. With Fennimore Cooper's novels in hand the 
 tourist has a perfect guidebook to the region. 
 
 Pickerel, black bass and other game fish abound in the 
 Oswego River. In the smaller streams near by brook trout 
 lure the expert with the fly to even more delightful sport. 
 The bays of the lake are also full of fish, and during the 
 entire season are scenes of active sport. 
 
 For riding and driving inviting regions are to be found 
 everywhere. 
 
 "Fruit Valley," just outside the city, is an enchanted 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 region during the summer season. Oswego fruit, and espe- 
 cially Oswego strawberries, are famous. From any one of a 
 number of hills, a panorama of orchards and berry fields 
 extends for miles in every direction. In the early season 
 the valley is clothed in the pink-and-white of apple and pear 
 blossoms — a delightful picture. 
 
 The valley is dotted with pretty villages where boarders 
 can find accommodation in the comfortable cottages at rea- 
 sonable rates. 
 
 Golf-players will find in Oswego some of the finest links 
 in the state. 
 
 The hotels of Oswego are commodious and comfortable, 
 and their rates, in and out of season, are reasonable. 
 Numerous boarding-houses of good quality receive guests 
 at even lower prices. The "summer prices" for horses, 
 carriages, boats, and every requisite of the ' ' summer 
 resorter," will be found to be on a much more moderate 
 scale than obtains at most resorts. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 FORT PEPPERELL 
 
 IN 1727. 
 
 SYRACUSE, NEW YORK. 
 
 In 1793 Syracuse was a small edition of a dismal swamp. 
 The surrounding hills were covered with an impenetrable 
 forest. Indians occupied scattered cabins, chills and fever 
 prevailed, and the only inducement held out to a settler of 
 any color was salt. Salt made Syracuse as much as gold 
 did California. The sun was the original manufacturer. 
 Oozing from the black marsh soil the brine crystallized 
 under the rays of our luminary and the Indians supplied 
 their limited wants by gathering it off the ground. 
 
 The locality was known to the French as early as 1645, and 
 a Jesuit priest. Father Lallemount, wrote about it. In 1788 
 the first salt kettle was put there by Colonel Tyler. It held 
 fifteen gallons. Asa Danforth, in company with Colonel 
 Tyler, began making salt the same year. He came from 
 Onondaga Hollow and carried the five-gallon iron kettle on 
 his head, using a portion of his cloth- 
 ing for protection. James Geddes 
 commenced making salt in 1793 at 
 the place now called by his name. 
 The region, however, was declared 
 to be state property and various 
 
 From an old woodcut. 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 legislative enactments were made with reference thereto. 
 Judge Freeman is considered the founder of Syracuse. He 
 foresaw its future greatness and persevered under great 
 discouragements in making improvements and inducing 
 people to remove here. The canal of course gave the place 
 a great impetus. The first packet was run April 20, 1820, 
 and a postoflfice was not established until that year. Lafay- 
 ette visited here in 1825. A city charter was granted in 1846 
 and in 1839 the population was 16,000. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 JAMESVILLE, NEW YORK, 
 
 Few villages can excel Jamesville, with its five hundred 
 inhabitants, in legendary romance, or beauty of scenery. 
 Here, long before the advent of the white man, w^ere held the 
 councils of the five nations of Indians with the ceremonies of 
 their pagan rites, and from here departed the legendary Hia- 
 watha on his long journey. In the year 1669 came the black- 
 robed Jesuit ^Missionary Le IMoyne and a number of French 
 colonists, who erected a chapel and established the first 
 settlement in central New York. For a number of years 
 those brave missionaries labored for the spiritual welfare of 
 the savage, only to succumb to the tomahawk. The scenery 
 is unsurpassed for its beauty and grandeur. Nowhere in the 
 whole world has nature been more lavish in her wonder- 
 working than in the chasms, caves, waterfalls, underground 
 streams and bottomless pools of this vicinity. The famous 
 Kai Yah Koo Lake and Green Lake, the puzzle of the geolo- 
 gists, circular bodies of transparent water of unknown depth, 
 without outlet or inlet, above and around which tower lime- 
 stone cliffs two hundred feet in height, and several famous 
 caves and ice caverns abounding in stalactites being not 
 among the least of the attractions. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 TULLY» NEW YORK. 
 
 Tully, with an altitude of nearly 1,300 feet, is located in a 
 valley abounding with landscape scenery, an invigorating air 
 and healthful climate. The drives, in any direction from the 
 village, abound with the picturesque. Three miles east of 
 the station is the wonderful Labrados Lake, surrounded by 
 high woodland hills, the scenery of which is awe-inspiring 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 GLIMPSE OF THI 
 KRIE CANAL. 
 
 and romantic. A short distance from the lake may be found 
 Tinker Falls, where pleasure-seekers can spend days amid 
 the most picturesque scenery. To the west and south of the 
 village are a chain of beautiful lakes, abounding with fish 
 and surrounded by groves. A drive of one hour to the west 
 brings the pleasure-seeker to the shores of Otisco Lake, 
 while a drive of one hour brings him on the top of the 
 renowned and historic Pompey Hill. 
 
 Tully Lake Park, an ideal spot for those seeking rest and 
 comfort, is a summer resort situated two miles from the 
 village of Tully. It borders on the shores of the largest of 
 
 a chain of seven lakes, which have been lavishly bestowed 
 by nature. Here are about thirty cottages, owned by resi- 
 dents of Syracuse, Rochester, Binghamton and New York 
 city; besides a well-appointed and well-managed hotel, with 
 rooms for.the accommodation of over one hundred guests. 
 Every pastime known can be indulged. The lakes, well 
 stocked with bass, pickerel and perch, are the delight of all 
 anglers. Sailing, canoeing, baseball, lawn tennis, golf and 
 many other pleasures are indulged to a great extent. The 
 finest of fresh-water bathing is another one of the attributes 
 which makes Tully Lake Park far-reaching in its diversity of 
 amusements and attractiveness. 
 
 Assembly Park is situated on the east shore of Tully 
 Lake. Here the Central New York Chautauqua Assembly 
 
\ 
 
 LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 holds sessions in August of each year. 
 Excursions and picnics come to this 
 park during the summer. A large 
 auditorium, "Hotel Chautauquan," and 
 several Assembly buildings are used for 
 the accommodation of guests. 
 
 Two lines of buses, connecting 
 Tully Lake and Assembly Parks, run in 
 connection with all passenger trains. 
 To make it still more convenient for 
 those visiting these resorts, a station 
 has been erected near Assembly Park, 
 where passenger trains take on and dis- 
 charge passengers and baggage daily 
 during the sessions of the assembly. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp, 
 
 PREBLE, NEW YORK. 
 
 Preble is located on the Tioughnioga River in the center 
 of a great butter and cheese producing district. Surround- 
 ing the town are many lofty mountains, some i,8oo feet 
 above sea level. A number of beautiful lakes, which afford 
 excellent fishing, are within easy access of the town. Among 
 these are Crooked, Green, Goddell and Little York lakes. 
 This section abounds in delightful drives, through some of 
 the most beautiful scenery in the state. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 HOMER, NEW YORK. 
 
 Homer was first settled in 1791. It has a population of 
 4,000. It is well paved and the shaded streets are lighted by 
 electricity. Electric street cars connect with neighboring 
 villages. It is the stopping-place for passengers en route for 
 Glen Haven, a famous summer resort. With its smooth 
 roads, pure water, pure bracing air, it has many attractions. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 
 
 MESSENGER VILLE, NEW YORK. 
 
 Messengerville, on Tioughnioga River, a stream in which 
 pickerel and black bass abound, is in a narrow valley skirted 
 on either side with a chain of diversified forest hills inhabited 
 by fox, hare, partridge and other game. This is a congenial 
 spot for quietude and sport, the inhabitants possessing the 
 desired elements of sociability. A drive for two miles west- 
 ward to the hamlet of East Virgil, through the winding 
 narrows and by the noted "Hannah's Stump," along a 
 small creek which abounds with trout, afford views seldom 
 excelled. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
FEATHERS OF FASHION, 
 
 A STORY OF RICHFIELD SPRINGS. 
 
 Copyright, 1900, by Will Bogert Hunter. 
 
 OR more than a century around a hole in the 
 ground in the northern part of the state of New 
 York have waved feathers of fashion. For the 
 first two decades these feathers trembled above 
 the painted faces of Indian braves ; during the 
 last eighty years they have adorned the fairest of the 
 fair of American womanhood. 
 
 Among only a few of the most highly civilized 
 nations of the earth is the showy in personal adorn- 
 ment left exclusively to the ladies. The peacock struts 
 under his rainbow plumage ; the hen walks demurely in a 
 dress of brown. The lion shakes his flowing mane ; the 
 lioness has only the simple of his dress. The savage sports 
 the glories of the spectrum ; the squaw adorns herself incon- 
 spicuously. 
 
 Following the law of nature it is reasonable that the first 
 feathers of fashion to wave about this hole in the ground in 
 northern New York should have surmounted the faces of 
 Indian braves. Yet this was not then a place of display. 
 Braves were not in wooing humor. They were weak and 
 sick from the exposures of the trail or the tortures of battle. 
 Among all their tribes was a tradition, handed down from 
 generation to generation, that at the headwaters of the Sus- 
 quehanna, near the source of the Mohawk but a day's jour- 
 ney from a vast inland sea — so located that it was of easy 
 access to all the tribes of the east — was a spring that would 
 cure them of their ills. 
 
 This was the famous "Medicine Water," flowing down 
 the gentle declivity of a tree-covered hill from beneath the 
 roots of a gigantic pine — the fountain of life and of health. 
 On every hand was the virgin forest in which roamed the 
 deer, singly and in herds. Bears wandered about eating of 
 
FEATHERS OF FASHION. 
 
 the delicious fruit of the woodland. Beavers builded their 
 darns across the murmuring streams. Otters were common, 
 though now ajmost extinct. Panthers skulked cowardly after 
 their prey. The ungainly moose nibbled at the dainty herbs 
 and grasses. Elk browsed beneath the trees. Lynx, sable, 
 fox, even the black fox, frisked through the aisles of the 
 forest. Waterfowl of all description floated on the bosom 
 of the lake but a short distance from the spring. The ailing 
 Indian brave might exist in laziness while recruiting his 
 wasted energies. 
 
 Not all were recruited. Some wasted. Their story is told 
 by the mounds of the cemetery which the first whites dis- 
 covered on the high ground rising above a little stream that 
 meanders as peacefully now as then. Over the skulls of 
 unearthed skeletons were found large, flat stones, pierced 
 with holes covered with mica. Through these windows the 
 fallen warrior gazed into paradise. 
 
 About this mighty tree, from the roots of which flowed 
 the waters of healing, waved dancing feathers of many tribes, 
 for it was upon the great trails of the continent. Up the 
 Mohawk came the warriors of the east en route to Lake 
 Ontario, and along the same trail wandered others toward 
 the Hudson. Branching to the south was the great Susque- 
 hanna Trail, leading to the land of the Dela wares and the val- 
 ley of Wyoming. Another trail threaded the forest and the 
 rolling hills toward lakes Seneca and Cayuga and Niagara 
 beyond. 
 
 War parties gathered there as well as those of peace. A 
 hardy producer of apples for more than a hundred years is 
 still pointed out as the "Indian Tree," under which the 
 braves held their councils. Close beside it is a great mound, 
 supposed to cover the remains of a famous chief. 
 
 Just before the dawn of the century the white man began 
 pushing from the east — from the waters of the Hudson, 
 from the rocky shores and rocky fields of New England — 
 up the Mohawk toward the fertile valleys of the west. His 
 route was the Indian trail. In quiet yellow pools fed by the 
 great spring white faces were reflected. Nor was the 
 feather always lacking in this reflection, for the early trap- 
 per and hunter among the whites was not loath to follow the 
 fashion of the braves of the redskins. 
 
 Twenty years after the birth of the century a physician, 
 whose father years before had come over the old Mohawk 
 
FEATHERS OF FASHION, 
 
 
 trail from \'^ermont, settled down to a quiet practice in the 
 Jittle village which had grown up about this hole in the 
 earth. The medicinal qualities of the spring, already noted 
 among the redskins, and the basis of traditions of wonder- 
 ful cures, quickly attracted 
 him. He bought the ground 
 about it. He sought its 
 source. No spade had hith- 
 erto touched this sacred 
 ground except that of a party 
 of whites who, during the 
 days of border warfare, had 
 come there to dig sulphur 
 for the manufacture of gun- 
 powder. 
 
 The giant pine over the 
 spring soon stretched its 
 length upon the ground. Five 
 feet of earth were excavated. 
 The spade turned up ripe, 
 red plums and green leaves 
 that crumbled and blackened 
 upon exposure to the air. 
 They may have rested there for centuries. The trunk of a 
 tree, sound and , perfect, was exposed. An elk horn, its 
 largest prong rounded as though from use as a hammer or 
 war club, was dug out. Under all was a flat rock, through 
 a crevice of which rushed the strongly impregnated waters, 
 just as they bubble forth today. 
 
 The first public house here had been opened in 1798. 
 In 1808 the Great Western Turnpike was extended from 
 Cherry Valley. Travel increased mightily along the Mo- 
 hawk Trail and the old Continental Turnpike. There were 
 between this spring and the Hudson River, a distance of 
 sixty-eight miles, seventy-two inns and taverns, all of which 
 were nightly filled. 
 
 In the immediate vicinity of the spring there was but one 
 hotel, opened in 1816. 'Twas a small beginning for a water- 
 ing-place, but during the first season after the uncovering 
 of the medicinal waters this primitive hostelry entertained 
 twenty-five guests, all seekers of health. Three years later 
 was built another hostelry, forty feet long by thirty feet wide 
 and two stories high, an enormous building for that locality. 
 
 RICHFIFI D SPRIN'GS 
 
FEATHERS OF FASHION. 
 
 CANANDARAGO LAKE, 
 RICHFIELD SPRINGS. 
 
 For seventy-four years this hotel entertained its guests. It 
 grew to be known to the ends of the earth. Its smoking 
 ruins revived for thousands memories of dehghtful days. 
 
 By the third decade the fame of the great springs had 
 spread throughout the east. Up to the doors of the hotels 
 lumbered the slow-going stage-coach, discharging guests 
 from afar. Over the old turnpikes dashed the horses of 
 private equipages. Only the rich could afford the long 
 journey by stage, or the expensive trip behind their own 
 horses. With the sick came relatives. Wives and daughters 
 of health-seeking men sought enjoyment, recreation. The 
 hotels and nature furnished both. Days might be spent in 
 the most enjoyable rambling among the mountains, about 
 the lake, in rides to half a dozen charming lakes nestled 
 among the hills, to points that already had become historic. 
 Indian tales enhanced the interest of the hills and the val- 
 leys. There were balls and parties at night. There was 
 delightful converse of people of taste and education. 
 Charming acquaintances were made that participants wished 
 prolonged. Ill health demanded the return of many with 
 
 each recurring summer. So- 
 
 r^?^^- 
 
 I rum " Hardier a Magazine for June, i85y. 
 
 ciety claimed as its own this 
 little settlement, as it already 
 had done those about like 
 springs farther to the east. 
 Feathers of fashion waved 
 about it. 
 
 In 1830 another great 
 hotel went up. Each year 
 saw the addition of others, or 
 the enlargement of those 
 which already had become 
 favorites. In 1843 ^^i enor- 
 mous hostelry was construct- 
 ed. Residents of this little 
 settlement found the enter- 
 tainment of city folk a pleas- 
 ant and lucrative occupation. 
 Isolated from the great 
 settlements of the east, weary 
 miles from the centers of American civilization, reached only 
 by the great turnpikes, this little town among the rugged 
 hills of northern New York continued to be ruled by society 
 
 . *»W'- -r 
 
FEATHERS OF FASHION, 
 
 
 Magazine" for June, 1859. 
 
 of the highest type for half a century, its habitues growing in 
 number with each succeeding year. 
 
 Then came a railroad, the only one which ever penetrated 
 to this earthly paradise. It tapped the great cities of the 
 east it made easy of access the health-giving waters and the 
 invigorating air of the hills. Society had not yet shown a 
 predilection for the seacoast. The watering-place was the 
 vogue. It gave the excuse for journeying ; it furnished the 
 gayest society of the conti- 
 nent. It was still the extrav- ^*- 
 agance of the wealthy and 
 refined. Thither went the 
 butterflies of society. There 
 waved the feather of the latest 
 fashion. 
 
 Two years after the rail- 
 road entered this quiet settle- 
 ment, in 1872, there w^ere 
 seven great hotels in a total 
 of 210 dwellings. The resi- 
 dent population numbered 
 only about 800 people, yet 
 
 the number of letters received during that year was 80,000 
 and the number mailed 75,000. In a single summer nearly 
 400 registered letters came into its postoflfice bearing burdens 
 that helped sport the feathers. 
 
 During this year Harriet Beecher Stowe visited this village 
 about a hole in the earth. Cherry Valley, of massacre fame, 
 had called her into that section. From there she wrote : 
 " Cherry Valley today is an innocent, quiet Arca- 
 dia, lying within an hour's distance of three of the 
 most fashionable watering-places, so that a short ride 
 may bring you in sight of all the pomps and vanities 
 that one may desire to see. Sharon Springs and 
 Richfield now rival Saratoga in attraction and num- 
 ber their thousands. I visited Richfield and passed 
 a day very pleasantly. It is a village of hotels and 
 boarding-houses and it was said 3,000 visitors w^ere 
 there summering. Richfield has a high, pure air, 
 which is said to be very health-giving ; and it is a fact, 
 we are told, that people who once begin to go there 
 come back year after year with increasing interest." 
 Three thousand feathers of fashion in 1872 ! 
 
 ONE OF RICHFIELD'S 
 FIRST HOTELS. 
 
FEATHERS OF FASHION 
 
 Twenty-five years later Richfield Springs had lost none 
 of its glory. Rather had it increased with the years. Its 
 hotels had grown in number, in capacity, in taste, in luxury. 
 Baths of most modern design had been erected regardless of 
 cost. Of the Richfield of 1897 a well-posted writer says : 
 " Richfield was primarily ' made ' by the seeker 
 after nature's beauties and the seeker after health, 
 yet with them came Society, and Society with a capi- 
 tal S is by no means to be ignored. For Society, 
 which came for pleasure, hotels, which three-quarters 
 of a century since were not dreamed of, have been 
 built. For this same potent factor in success drives 
 have been put through which rival any in the coun- 
 try, both in beauty of ever-changing vista and in 
 smoothness of road-bed. Parks have been laid out, 
 shaded with forest trees, gay with tropical verdure, 
 made musical with plashing fountain. For Society 
 every possible amusement has been inaugurated ; 
 witness the new hunt and golf clubs. Cycling acad- 
 emies, to say nothing of the many ' spins ' in every 
 direction, cater to Society. Rowing, sailing and fish- 
 ing on the water, driving, riding and walking on the 
 land, all outdoor sports abound, while indoors one 
 may dance or bowl or play billiards, or gossip to 
 one's heart's content the livelong day. And yet, 
 withal, Richfield is an eminently 'proper' place, and 
 a place where one might, if he wished, spend the 
 most quiet of lives, make ' dress ' an entirely sec- 
 ondary matter, and yet have no end of good times. 
 And it is done, too. Here, as elsewhere, there are 
 the rich and the poor, the old and the young, the 
 grave and the gay, and the sun shines just as brightly 
 on one as upon another, and just as many hours in 
 the day." 
 
 Richfield today is all that it ever was, and more. As the 
 watering-places in other parts of the east have lost their 
 exclusiveness Richfield has grown in popularity. Among its 
 summer inhabitants it now numbers scores of wealthy people, 
 who have erected upon its hillsides magnificent homes in 
 which to rest and entertain their friends. Golf links have 
 made demands upon neighboring fields. A hunt club follows 
 the singing hounds over the open country. Horse shows 
 hold forth at the old-fashioned fair grounds. Tallyhos speed 
 
LACKAWANNA KESO]^TS. 
 
 over the magnificent roads. Victorias, cabriolets, drags, 
 traps of all kinds contest the way in the winding highways. 
 Orchestras play each evening in the hotels. Wealth and 
 elegance dominates, at least in the summer. 
 It is the realm of the feather of fashion. 
 
 RICHFIELD SPRINGS, NEW YORK, 
 
 Richfield has an elevation of 1,750 feet above the sea. Its 
 altitude and its peculiar location among the high hills of 
 northern New York make it a delightfully cool spot even 
 when the thermometer is seeking the nineties near the sea- 
 shore. About it are clustered points of interest almost 
 without number. 
 
 It is the region of Fenimore Cooper. Only a few miles 
 below, connecting with Lake Canandarago, which lies at its 
 very gates, is Lake Otsego, on the shore of which Cooper 
 lived and died and which was the scene of one of his best 
 novels. This lake was the " Glimmerglass " of "Deer- 
 slayer." Fine roads lead to the head of Lake Otsego, to 
 which Richfield is the favorite gateway, a stage-line running 
 to the northern shore of the lake to deliver passengers to 
 small steamers. The drive from Richfield about this lake is 
 one of the most beautiful in the world. 
 
 Lake Canandarago, at the very gate of the town, is as 
 charming as its sister to the south. It is skirted by a macad- 
 amized road, which daily is thronged with pleasure vehicles. 
 Four miles north of 
 Otsego is Summit 
 Lake, which in or- 
 dinary times dis- 
 charges indirectly 
 into the Susque- 
 hanna, but in high 
 water runs to- 
 ward the Mohawk. 
 Mount Otsego, once 
 called Rum Hill, 
 is 2,800 feet above 
 sea level and 1,600 
 
 feet above the surface of Lake Canandarago. Upon its highest 
 point is an observatory, from which can be seen the Adiron- 
 dacks on the north, the Green Mountains in Vermont, the 
 Catskills, and ranges of the Alleghanies to the south. 
 
 HOTEL GROUNDS, 
 ICHFIELD SPRINGS. 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 AMONG NEW YORK S 
 PEACEFUL HILLS. 
 
 Copyright, 1900. 
 
 Near at hand and reached by a fine road is the site of the 
 Andrustown settlement, the members of which were massa- 
 cred in 1756. Cherry Valley, the scene of another historical 
 massacre, is within easy driving distance, the driver passing 
 Sharon Springs, once a noted watering-place, en route. Up 
 Fly Creek Valley the scenery is charming and points of 
 interest are numerous. Sunset Hill, an accessible and much- 
 frequented eminence, is situated immediately to the south, 
 and commands an extensive and delightful view. From 
 Waiontha Mountain, directly to the east, can be seen the 
 lands of nine different counties. To the north are Bear and 
 Panther mountains. To the northeast the Adirondacks 
 plainly are visible. The silver course of the Mohawk may 
 be followed for miles. To the east lie 
 the Catskills and the highlands of 
 Massachusetts. To the south is the 
 Susquehanna Valley. Six distinct lakes 
 are visible — Otsego, Canandarago, 
 Allen's, Young's, Weaver's and Sum- 
 mit. 
 
 Near Summit Lake is a deep sink 
 called the " Kyle " into which a stream 
 flows into a subterranean passage to 
 reappear several miles away. At the 
 base of the mountain are twin lakes 
 called Waiontha. Mohegan Hill presents other delightful 
 vistas. Gano's Hill, Canandarago Hill and Wilder's Hill 
 yield charming views. Panther Mountain has its outlooks 
 and its history. 
 
 The pivots about which everything revolves, of course, 
 are the sulphur springs and the bathhouses, in the latter of 
 which one can have any kind of treatment known to science. 
 There are pulverization, inhalation, douche, vapor and mas- 
 sage rooms, Turkish and Russian baths, sun baths, electric 
 baths and a large swimming-pool of sulphur water. The 
 waters rank among the most powerful in the world and the 
 cures which yearly are made are many and wonderful. 
 Richfield is up to date in every particular. 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 UTICA, NEW YORK, 
 
 The situation of Utica, without exception, is equal to that 
 of any other large city in central New York. It is built 
 
LACKAWANNA PESORTS, 
 
 STARTING HOPS 
 
 ^ 
 
 H^ 
 
 upon gently rising ground, the larger portion of 
 the residential section being of suitable eleva- toward market. 
 
 tion to command good drainage and pure air. 
 Building lots are wide and deep, affording 
 ample room for gardens and lawns, giving free 
 scope to landscape decoration. This feature 
 renders the city very desirable as a place of 
 residence, and many who have unburdened 
 themselves in part from active business affairs 
 are every year making Utica their permanent 
 home. There is no need to seek the country 
 in summer for fresh air and relief from heat, 
 and for those desiring recreation the surround- 
 ings of Utica are extremely beautiful. Within a circuit of 
 twenty-five miles are fascinating precincts of the Adiron- 
 dacks, the wild scenery and purling streams in the Sauquoit 
 and Chenango Valleys, peaceful, highly cultivated farms, 
 more attractive in this section than in any other part of the 
 state. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 CEDARVILLE» NEW YORK. 
 
 Cedarville is at the head of a creek which flows into the 
 Mohawk. On Richfield Hill, two miles away, are located 
 several natural caves and springs of unusual excellence. 
 The surrounding country is very beautiful and affords many 
 picturesque drives. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 BRIDGEWATER, NEW YORK, 
 
 At this point, situated at an altitude of 1,184 ^^^^' connec- 
 tion is made for stations on the line of connecting roads to 
 points further south in the Unadilla Valley, down to its junc- 
 tion with the Susquehanna River. 
 
 The Unadilla Valley is famed for the salubrity of its 
 climate. Nights are always cool. The broad valley, dotted 
 here and there with blooded cattle grazing peacefully, pre- 
 sents a scene of extreme beauty. Drouth is never known. 
 Grass and foliage always maintain a beautiful green during 
 the summer season. The beautiful Unadilla River flows the 
 entire length of the valley, winding in and out among osiers 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
 
 and willows with peaceful current. The valley, about 
 forty-five miles in length, is an attractive place for summer 
 residences. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 EARLVILLE. NEW YORK. 
 
 Earlville is situated at an altitude of nearly 1,200 feet on 
 the east branch of the Chenango River, and one and one- 
 half miles south of Lake Earlville. With its numerous 
 cottages and pleasant drives this pretty village offers unusual 
 inducements for summer tourists, especially to those who 
 are fond of boating and fishing. Cottages may be rented 
 by the day, week or season for a small sum. A *bus meets 
 all trains for conveying passengers to hotels, the lake or 
 private residences. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 SHERBURNE, NEW YORK. 
 
 Here nature is in her element. Among the attractions 
 are Rexford Falls and Mad Brook Ravine, full of romantic 
 beauty. The ravine is a mile in length and has a depth of 
 120 feet. At its deepest point Rexford Falls dashes over a 
 precipice sixty feet high into the chasm below. At the foot 
 of the falls is a white sulphur spring, which contains rare 
 medicinal qualities. Chenango Lake, eight miles away, is 
 a magnificent and transparent sheet of water, where fish 
 abound. Sherburne village is unsurpassed for beautiful 
 shaded streets, well-kept lawns and palatial residences. 
 Hotels are of the very best. Unrivaled scenery waits the 
 tourists at Pratt's and Hunt's mountains, also all along 
 the many beautiful driveways that go out in all directions, 
 extending to all points of interest in the Chenango Valley. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 NORWICH. NEW YORK. 
 
 This is one of the most charming towns in southern New 
 York. It is situated in the beautiful Chenango Valley, sur- 
 rounded on both sides by hills rising to an altitude of five 
 hundred feet and bordered by the Chenango River on one side 
 and the Canasawacta Creek on the other, both affording good 
 fishing in season. It is distinctly a residence town. Its altitude 
 
LACKAWANNA RESORTS 
 
 and pure spring water have made it free from all prevailing 
 epidemics. Six miles out of town and along a good road 
 is Chenango Lake, a romantic sheet of water possessing 
 charming scenery and plenty of game fish. At the lake are 
 hotels and cottages, accommodating permanent and tran- 
 sient guests. The surrounding pine and hemlock woods 
 add a charm and benefit that are soon appreciated. The lake 
 has already earned a reputation as one of nature's sanita- 
 riums. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
 GREENE, NEW YORK. 
 
 Greene is a most beautiful village of twelve hundred 
 inhabitants situated at the base of high mountains on the east 
 and west and at an altitude of nearly i,ooo feet. The beau- 
 tiful Chenango flows quietly through the eastern portion of 
 the town. No village in the state of its size offers better 
 accommodations to summer guests. 
 
 Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
 information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 
 
FOUR HUNDRED MILES OF 
 BEAUTY. 
 
 O WHERE within the bounds of the United 
 States can be found a four-hundred-mile 
 panorama of greater beauty than that offered 
 by the Lackawanna Railroad between New 
 York and Buffalo. This one day's journey — 
 it may be made with a start after breakfast 
 and be concluded before the sun has set 
 below the margin of Lake Erie — ever yields 
 to the traveler glimpses of nature's grace, meadow, 
 hill, mountain, valley, plain, each cut by sweeping 
 river or hurrying brook, each guarding picturesque lake or 
 gleaming pond. 
 
 Leaving the New York shore the traveler, seated com- 
 fortably on the upper deck of a powerful ferry, looks for a 
 delightful interval upon the beauties of the Hudson River 
 and the great bay into which its waters empty. Stately ships 
 bearing the flags of foreign nations, sloops, schooners, tugs, 
 luxurious launches, queer windmill-bearing craft that bring 
 down ice, ferries of people and of freight, dot the waters as 
 far as eye can see up sweeping river and o'er widening bay. 
 New York, like a curious jumble of children's blocks, slowly 
 slides into the background. Great docks of seagoing ships 
 and immense coal chutes of Hoboken occupy the fore- 
 ground. The eye is entranced, blood rushes quicker under 
 the stimulus of the life-giving breath from the sea, the hand 
 trembles to reach out and hold it all. 
 
 Then comes the busy activity of a great railroad terminal, 
 the cry of the gatemen, the jingle of baggage checks, the 
 hurrying bevy of uniformed trainmen, the scurry of impa- 
 tient passengers, and then — rest in the comfortable seat of a 
 coach or the luxurious chair of a parlor car or sleeper. 
 
 Three minutes after the monster locomotive gets its hfe 
 from the seething boiler comes the first sensation — a dive 
 
FOUR HUNDRED MILES OF BEAUTY. 
 
 into a tunnel hewn through the soHd rock of Bergen Hill, 
 for almost a mile, a tunnel so perfectly v^entilated that it 
 seems only that night suddenly has fallen. Like a flash 
 comes the sunlight again and the locomotive begins its 
 rapid journey over the Hackensack meadows, waving with 
 long grasses and rushes and dotted with flowers. Snake 
 Hill, on its 
 crest a prison 
 and a poor- 
 house, lifts its 
 head close to 
 the track, the 
 only relief in 
 the wide 
 grassland. 
 
 Paterson 
 sweats under 
 
 the lash of an unrelenting commerce in a valley of power, 
 in the foothills of the Watchung Mountains. From the 
 train, rounding Garrett Mountain high above, may be seen 
 the whole city, threaded by beautiful streams that turn thou- 
 sands of mill wheels, by shaded streets lined with magnifi- 
 cent homes and beehives of industry. 
 
 Sweeping round this rocky point the train glides over 
 the high bridge sptinning Passaic River, of which the eye 
 gets just a glimpse before rolling lands to the west claim 
 attention. 
 
 Now the old Morris canal presents its charms. For 
 miles it will be a constant companion, a fascinating one 
 with its wealth of beauty, its queer, slow-going craft, its 
 moss-grown locks, its memories of days long gone. Boon- 
 ton reveals another of its charms, a scene not to be found 
 except upon this old waterway within the bounds of the 
 United States and not duplicated save for a few spots in the 
 world. Here within full view boats ride up and down a 
 long hill on cars. 
 
 A word about these old planes — there are many of them 
 to be seen from the window as the train pushes on. Locks, 
 the ordinary means by which canal boats are transferred 
 from one level to another, could not be used in this moun- 
 tainous country. The builders resorted to railroads, the 
 original type of the now common cable line. They stopped 
 the canal near the top of the hill. They began it again at 
 
 NEW YORK 
 FROM THE RIVER. 
 
FOUR HUNDRED MILES OF BEAUTY. 
 
 EMERGING FROM 
 PARADISE TUNNEL. 
 
 the bottom. At the summit they diverted the water to a 
 powerful wheel which winds a heavy cable. Cutting the 
 cable they fastened the ends to a mammoth cradle, hinged 
 in the center that it might not break on the crest of the hill. 
 Into this cradle the canal boat, also hinged at the center, is 
 guided. The great wheel turns. The cable drags cradle 
 and boat to the top of the hill or retards its descent. Tow 
 ropes again are fastened and the canal boat pursues the even 
 tenor of its way. 
 
 Miles on either side of Boonton present mountain scen- 
 ery of great beauty. The hills, in season, are green or 
 gold. A little lake occasionally glistens in the sunlight. 
 Creeks and rills tumble down the ravines or flow sluggishly 
 o'er the levels. 
 
 Lake Musconetcong, backed by a giant iron furnace and 
 another canal plane, shows for a minute near Stanhope. A 
 picturesque valley lies off to the right, dotted with little 
 farms and fields. The high western range of the Kittatinny 
 Mountains is seen in the distance. The foothills frown upon 
 the track. Off to the left is the hugh plateau of Schooley's 
 Mountain. Frowning across at it is Malvern Hill. Through 
 the superb Musconetcong Valley runs the musical river of 
 the same musical name. It is followed to Washington 
 where Pohatcong Mountain lifts its head. Here, too, we 
 sever the delightful companionship of the canal. It is on 
 its way southward to the Delaware ; we are rushing north- 
 ward to the same stream. 
 
 On through Oxford Valley speeds the train, rounding 
 a curve to touch an iron-making center a century old. 
 Pequest River shines like silver. Jenny Jump Mountain 
 shows its tip in the distance. We dip into another tunnel 
 
 to emerge at Manunka 
 Chunk to one of the most 
 magnificent views in all 
 creation. For miles and 
 miles a magnificent valley, 
 hill-filled, tree-dotted, 
 farm - marked, stretches 
 away toward the great Del- 
 aware Water Gap, the only 
 break in the encircling crest 
 of the Kittatinny Moun- 
 tains. Through the center 
 
 ■'kg 
 
 Copyright, 1900, Detroit Photographic Co. 
 
FOUR HUNDRED MILES OF BEAUTY. 
 
 winds and twists, like a gigantic sea monster, the Delaware 
 Ri\er, upon which we look down almost perpendicularly 
 from our window-seat. Tree-spanned roads, gleaming white 
 in the sunlight, wind through the valley to touch tiny farms. 
 On the right a great precipice lifts its tree-crowned crest. 
 
 This charming view is not for a moment, nor from a 
 single point. The train skirts the edge of this circular 
 valley, on a track 
 half way up the 
 side of the moun- 
 tain range, for 
 miles until, look- 
 ing straight 
 across, may be 
 seen the mouth of 
 the bore from 
 which the loco- 
 motive and its 
 long chain of cars 
 emerged. Back- 
 ward the view is, 
 if possible, more 
 entrancing than 
 before. The black 
 mouth of the 
 tunnel shows close 
 
 DRIVE OVERLOOKING 
 DELAWARE RIVER. 
 
 Cop> right, igoo D tr. it Ph iti graphic C 
 
 to the edge of a promontory which frowns down upon the 
 valley. Around this point wind the tracks which lead to 
 Philadelphia. The train which stood beside ours at Manunka 
 Chunk may be seen speeding away toward the southeast. 
 
 Up the right bank of the Delaware hurries our carriage, 
 the window commanding imposing views toward the moun- 
 tains beyond. An old mill, its great wheel long since run to 
 decay, claims its second of thought. Then Delaware River 
 moves slowly underneath the long bridge which spans it. 
 
 Now it is on the left, presenting views as entrancing as 
 those from the other shore. It is coming down a tortuous 
 path between giant walls of a gap in the mountain range. 
 Cliffs at the right rise higher, steeper. Down ravines in them 
 tumble noisy brooks. On the sides perch rustic cottages. 
 Hamlets crouch between the tracks and the hillsides. 
 Every curve and turn of the great river is followed by the 
 rumbling cars. 
 
FOUR HUNDRED MILES OF BEAUTY. 
 
 HOW CANAL BOATS 
 RIDE ON CARS. 
 
 Nearer comes Water Gap. Mount Tammany lifts its 
 1, 600 feet of New Jersey soil against the sky. Its ribbed, 
 rent, torn side gleams in the light. Mount Minsi slopes 
 gracefully back from the river edge. Its green back is a 
 perfect foil to the gray of Tammany. Cliffs push the track 
 closer to the river. The stream seems to end at the feet of 
 the towering mountains. Through 
 the gap is seen only the green of the 
 highlands. 
 
 We round the base of Mount 
 Minsi. Ahead lies the long stretch of 
 the river, island-dotted, forest-fringed. 
 Across frown the mountains of New 
 Jersey. Perpendicularly rise the cliffs 
 of Pennsylvania. Our train runs 
 over a track hewn from the side of 
 a mountain. Every curve reveals 
 beauty divine. Ahead is a mighty gorge, a giant basket 
 o'erflowing with splendor. To the east, in a massive frame 
 of rock, is a picture of blue sky, a horizon line of forest, a 
 foreground of river and hills. 
 
 Into the gorge plunges the train. A tiny creek marks the 
 edge of Cherry Valley, a cup in the mountains, with Brod- 
 head's Creek watering its diminutive farms. Far away rise 
 hazy summits of peaks in the Blue Mountains. Across the 
 Delaware are rugged hills of the Kittatinnies. A few tumble- 
 down houses nestle between the track and the river. ■ 
 
 Singing, dashing Analomink surges beneath a bridge and 
 flows beside the track for miles, flashing like silver as it 
 assails obstructing bowlders. The track again hugs the 
 mountain side. A narrow valley, wild as when nature 
 planned it, intervenes between the steep wall of the facing 
 range. Higher still we climb. Tree tops sink to the level 
 of the car window ; then drop below it. The higher plane 
 yields farther views and more sublime. An east-bound train 
 puffs white steam away of? to one side, almost at right angles 
 to the way we are going. Around the edge of the giant 
 basin we circle toward it. Twenty-five miles of this are 
 given before one takes as a last look at this lovely valley a 
 quick glance at Water Gap, over thirty miles away. 
 
 On climbs the train into the very heart of the Pocono 
 Mountains. Away off in a vale a huge summer hotel stands 
 beside a brook. Higher up on the steeps is another. Bold 
 
FOUR HUNDRED MILES OF BEAUTY, 
 
 mountains rise one upon another. Long, narrow, deep, 
 filled with forest and stream, stretches away Paradise \'alley. 
 Along its rim we skim. Through a tunnel in an obtruding 
 cliff we plunge to feast again upon its beauties. 
 
 Still upward ! The valleys are shallower, fewer. Elm, 
 chestnut, maple have given way to pine and hemlock. 
 Skeleton trees, charred, blackened, relics of camp fires, stand 
 specter-like amid the green. Peaks no longer show. The 
 horizon is broken only by outlines of hills rolling away in 
 giant billows. Scanty pines fringe a lake. A monster saw- 
 mill hugs the shore of another. The air is cool, bracing, invig- 
 orating. This is Pocono Summit, the tip of the mountains. 
 Now into the valley of a rushing brook we dip toward 
 the Lackawanna. The scenery is wild, picturesque, glorious. 
 Little towns, hewn out of the wilderness, show for an instant 
 and are left behind. Hills grow in height. Soon they loom 
 up again on either side. A great reservoir glimmers like a 
 diamond. Its overflow flashes white in the sun. The ravine 
 to the left grows deeper. Roaring Brook leaps through the 
 narrow pass. A colossal coal washer stretches its great arms 
 across the ravine. Monstrous heaps of waste coal loom up. 
 A rocky glen opens its gaping mouth to the right and a 
 glimpse of a waterfall is caught. A cleft in the hills frames 
 a bit of a city — the next curve shows a great valley in which 
 cluster thousands of houses. We dash into the very center 
 of them. This is Scranton. 
 
 Off we go again, leaving behind the sweeping Lacka- 
 wanna, to climb more mountains. We are in the bottom of 
 a ravine this time, with towering clift's on either side. W^e 
 wind through the rift in the hills following the crazy course of 
 a brawling creek. A tannery, surrounded by stripped trunks 
 of trees, attracts for an in- 
 stant. Long milk sheds 
 line the tracks at stations. 
 Across a deep pocket in the 
 Blue Mountains is a village. 
 True as though drawn by 
 a compass, the track circles 
 to it. This is Horseshoe 
 Curve. 
 
 Now the track accom- 
 panies Tunkhannock and 
 Martin's creeks through 
 
 Copyright, 1900. Detroit Pliotographic Co. 
 
 UP THE RIVER FROM 
 WATER GAP. 
 
FOUR HUNDRED MILES OF BEAUTY, 
 
 their beautiful valley. A wider stretch of water shows 
 itself. On the far side rise massive mountains, threaded by 
 trains to Heart Lake and Montrose. We continue sweeping 
 through the valley toward the Susquehanna, precipitate 
 hills on our right, the superb valley to the left. 
 
 Emerging from the hills we greet the Susquehanna and 
 follow it. Now it is upon our own level, now far below. 
 
 PARADISE 
 FALLS, 
 POCONO 
 MOUNTAINS. 
 
 ^Copyright, i9oo,^Detroit Photographic Co. 3 
 
 Uplands rise from its farther shore. Islands dot it. To the 
 right are the rolling hills of New York, cut evenly by field 
 fences. Mile upon mile of this — then Binghamton. 
 
 Still we follow the Susquehanna. Tioga Point rises like 
 a sentinel over the two rivers which flow at its base. High 
 hills show at the right. From their crest we get on one side 
 a view of the river, on the other the rolling farm lands. Into 
 
FOUR HUNDRED MILES OF BEAUTY, 
 
 the valley of the Chemung we dip, mountains on one side 
 again, a sweeping river on the other. Vistas are longer. 
 The opposing wall of the hill-girdled flats rises here a mile 
 away, there two or three. White tents glisten occasionally 
 by the river's edge. Waving fields show green or gold or 
 amber. Ancient orchard trees throw gnarled limbs across 
 long avenues. Tobacco lands lay back from the tracks. 
 
 From away in the distance the Chenango winds away toward 
 the Chemung, watering another valley. 
 
 Great red buildings surrounded by veterans in the blue 
 of the nation, flash into view and out. 
 
 More hills are climbed. The range of vision widens 
 constantly. In every direction cluster farmhouses, barns, 
 stacks of grain. Pastures are dotted with grazing cattle. 
 
FOUR HUNDRED MILES OF BEAUTY. 
 
 Villas^es, tow ns, hamlets look like heaps of blocks. A wind- 
 ing course in the hills is taken. A break in the uplands 
 comes like a flash. Below is the Genesee Valley, a para- 
 dise amid high hills. Little farms lay it out geometrically. 
 Lines of trees, with a ribbon of gray between, mark the 
 highways. Vineyards cover the sunny slopes. Four hun- 
 dred feet below are the w^eather-worn roofs of a thriving 
 city. This is Dansville. 
 
 It flashes to the rear. The precipitate wall of rock on 
 the right shrinks steadily. Mountains away off to the left 
 sink lower. The train dips into the valley of the Genesee, 
 to follow its course for an hour. 
 
 The back yard of a big city intrudes. Small lots replace 
 great fields. Houses cluster close. Heavy drays lumber 
 over paved streets. Street cars reach long, thin arms to the 
 wire that gives them motion. Giant elevators stand up by 
 a sluggish canal. Houses no longer are detached ; they join 
 in long lines. A teeming city street shows to the right. To 
 the left is caught a glimpse of Lake Erie. 
 
 Uniformed employes greet the disembarking passenger. 
 Hackmen beckon. A street car waits. 
 
 The last scene of the four-hundred-mile panorama has 
 been shown. 
 
JUST A THOUSAND WORDS 
 
 ABOUT THE LACKAWANNA 
 
 RAILROAD. 
 
 THE Lackawanna Railroad is the shortest line between 
 New York and Buffalo and between New York and 
 Chicago via Buffalo. lackawanna's first 
 
 The Lackawanna Railroad is also the shortest route locomotive. 
 
 between Buffalo and Philadelphia, to and from which point built in 1838. 
 
 trains are run in connection 
 with the Pennsylvania Rail- 
 road. At Manunka Chunk 
 Lackawanna trains and 
 Pennsylvania trains use the 
 same platform, and passen- 
 gers to or from Philadelphia 
 have only to step from one 
 into the other. From the 
 territory west and northwest 
 of Buffalo the Lackawanna 
 in connection with the Penn- 
 sylvania Railroad therefore offers also the shortest and most 
 direct route to the southeast and the favorite Atlantic Coast 
 resorts. The two also offer the shortest and most direct 
 route from the Atlantic seacoast by way of Philadelphia to 
 the Canadian northwest. 
 
 The Lackawanna Railroad is the shortest and most 
 direct route between New York and Scranton, Binghamton, 
 Oswego, Syracuse, Utica, Richfield Springs, Elmira, Ithaca, 
 Bath, Corning, Dansville and Mount Morris, and offers also 
 the best line between New York and the Susquehanna River 
 cities south of Scranton to and including Northumberland. 
 
 In connection with the Pennsylvania Railroad it offers 
 the most direct route from northern New York points to 
 Philadelphia and the south. 
 
JUST A THOUSAND WORDS, 
 
 WISCASSETT GLEN, 
 NEAR MOUNT POCONO. 
 
 Copyrig 
 
 FIVE DAILY TRAINS BETWEEN 
 NEW YORK AND BUFFALO. 
 
 The Lackawanna Railroad runs between New York and 
 Buffalo five magnificent trains in each direction every day in 
 the year. A train from New York and another from Buffalo 
 makes. the trip, in the summer time, in broad 
 daylight, giving magnificent opportunity to 
 view some of the grandest scenery in the 
 United States. Each evening in the year two 
 of its trains leave New York for Buffalo, and 
 two leave Buffalo for New York, making the 
 journey in the night. One of these two night 
 trains in each direction leaves its terminal 
 early in the evening. The other makes its 
 start about midnight, enabling those who de- 
 sire, to spend an evening among friends or at 
 the theater in either New York or Buffalo. 
 Luxurious sleeping cars are run in these night 
 trains. The passenger wakes to find himself 
 near his destination. His journey is completed 
 about the time business men seek their stores, 
 factories or offices. 
 
 THREE DAILY TRAINS BETWEEN 
 NEW YORK AND CHICAGO. 
 
 The Lackawanna Railroad runs three trains 
 between New York and Chicago in each direc- 
 tion every day in the year, in connection with 
 the Nickel Plate Railroad, trains using the 
 most convenient railroad station in the city of 
 Chicago, it being located in the very heart of the hotel and 
 business district. These trains are equipped with the finest 
 coaches, and sleeping-cars fitted with every convenience. 
 Time made by these trains is just up to the standard — 
 twenty-seven hours. Trains depart from New York and 
 Chicago at convenient hours and arrive at these terminals 
 either in time to begin the business of the day or to prepare 
 for an evening's pleasure. 
 
 MAGNIFICENT AND LUXURIOUS TRAINS. 
 
 Two of the finest trains that money can buy have just 
 been placed in service on the day runs between New York 
 
 Jetroit Pli(itog-ra{)li 
 
JUST A THOUSAND WORDS. 
 
 and Buffalo. These have observation cars, kixurious parlor 
 cars, elegant dining-cars and coaches that are as comfort- 
 able and commodious as ordinary palace cars. 
 
 DINING-CAR SERVICE. 
 
 Dining-car service of the highest standard hereafter will 
 be a feature of the Lackawanna magnificent service. On 
 February i, 1900, the company took this branch of its service 
 into its own hands, appointing as the head of the department 
 Mr. F. B. Smith, one of the most experienced railroad 
 caterers in the United States. Magnificent new dining- 
 cars— the peers of any in the world — have been placed in 
 the service and others are building. Already enough have 
 been placed to serve three meals a day upon every train. 
 These cars are stocked with the choicest things a great city 
 like New York can furnish, while fruits, cream, butter, eggs 
 and like produce are supplied fresh every day from the mag- 
 nificent farming and dairy country tapped by the road. Pas- 
 sengers are not compelled to rise early for breakfast, for that 
 meal is served in dining-cars until almost noon. Luncheon is 
 served until 4:30 o'clock in the afternoon, at which time it is 
 found necessary to close dining-cars to prepare for dinner. 
 All meals are served on the a la carte plan, patrons paying 
 only for what they order. 
 
 FINEST ROADBED IN AMERICA. 
 
 The roadbed of the Lackawanna Railroad is conceded 
 by experts to be the finest in America, bar none. Most of 
 it has lain for over half a century and has been constantly 
 improved throughout all those years. Its original construc- 
 tors, looking far into the future, laid out its way with a view 
 to running trains at a rate of seventy-five miles an 
 As a result the pas- 
 senger does not 
 feel a curve in the 
 road (although the 
 course through the 
 mountains necessi- 
 tates many ) , and 
 the evidence of the 
 eye alone tells that 
 
 there are any. The track is so perfectly constructed and so 
 persistently watched that the click of wheels so noticeable 
 
 hour. 
 
 CANAL CROSSING 
 RIVER 
 
 NEAR DENVILLE. 
 
HOW CANAI. BOATS 
 RIDE ON CARS. 
 
 JVST A THOUSAND WORDS. 
 
 on almost every other railroad, is nut heard during the entire 
 journey over it. 
 
 CLEANEST RAILROAD IN AMERICA. 
 
 The Lackawanna Railroad is the cleanest in America. 
 
 It can not help being so. Its track is ballasted with rock. 
 It has no dust of its own. What little 
 there may be along it must blow in 
 from the outside, and as the entire 
 length of the line is through fertile 
 lields or rocky mountains, there is 
 little dust to come in from its sur- 
 rounding territory. There is abso- 
 lutely no smoke from its locomotives. 
 These all burn anthracite coal — the 
 company owns the mines from which 
 it is taken and it is not in the market 
 
 for soft, smoky coal when it has an unlimited supply of 
 
 anthracite of its own. 
 
 COACHES BUILT FOR COMFORT. 
 
 Lackawanna Railroad coaches have been built for the 
 comfort of passengers, according to special designs. Aisles 
 are wide. Pintsch gas lights every one. Seats are of the 
 most comfortable pattern. Toilet rooms are as roomy as in 
 the modern sleeping-car. 
 
 LUXURIOUS PARLOR CARS. 
 
 Lackawanna parlor cars from the shops of the Pullman 
 Palace Car Company are run on the through day trains be- 
 tween New York and Buffalo and between New York and 
 Syracuse and Ithaca. In summer time parlor cars are run 
 between New York and Richfield Springs also. 
 
 SLEEPING-CARS OPEN EARLY IN THE EVENING. 
 
 Lackawanna sleeping-cars are placed at the largest cities 
 along the line, such as Scranton, Ithaca, Richfield Springs, 
 Utica, Binghamton and Syracuse, so that those who desire 
 may retire early and hours before the locomotive picks 
 them up. These cars, dropped off during the hours of the 
 night, may be occupied until late in the morning. A full 
 night's rest may be enjoyed, therefore, whatever the destina- 
 tion of the passenger in a sleeping-car. 
 
JUST A THOUSAND WORDS, 
 
 INTERESTING STUDIES AT HAND. 
 The beauty of the Lackawanna Railroad already has 
 been depicted in the preceding pages. The road also gives 
 an excellent opportunity for study of one of the oldest canal 
 systems in the world, of the monstrous machinery and oper- 
 ation of the greatest coal district in the world, of the 
 resources and development of an old section of the United 
 States replete with historic interest. 
 
 ELECTRIC HEADLIGHTS ON LOCOMOTIVES. 
 
 Lackawanna passenger locomotives have electric head- 
 lights, the only ones in use on any railroad of tiie east, 
 thereby erecting another bar to any improbable accident. 
 
 CHECKS BAGGAGE TO HOME OR HOTEL. 
 
 The baggage-checking system of the Lackawanna Rail- 
 road is such that at all of its commercial centers, on pay- 
 ment of a small fee to cover the cost of the special service, 
 luggage may be checked to any hotel or home within the 
 city of New York or any other of its commercial centers. 
 The special delivery lands the baggage at destination prac- 
 tically as soon as the passenger. People going to hotels or 
 to visit friends and having use for their baggage at once find 
 this a great convenience. To those who do not desire to* 
 take advantage of the special baggage-delivery service is 
 offered the same excellent service that 
 is given by all other railroads. 
 
 CAB AND CARRIAGE SERVICE. 
 
 Arrangements have been made with 
 the Westcott Company under w^hich 
 cabs and carriages are available at 
 the New York terminal. The rates 
 are reasonable and the service excel- 
 lent. Carriages or cabs may be se- 
 cured either upon arrival at destina- 
 tion or by notice to the conductor, 
 excellent cab and carriage service is maintained. 
 
 COMFORT OF THE PASSENGER. 
 
 The up-to-date idea of the management is indicated by 
 the fact that it has just placed in its suburban service electric- 
 lighted coaches and club cars, seats in which may be reserved 
 
 HOW CANAL BOATS 
 RIDE ON CARS. 
 
 In Chicago the same 
 
JUST A THOUSAND WORDS, 
 
 by daily travelers from its immense suburban territory to 
 New York and return. These cars are models of comfort 
 and enable a suburbanite to have his own easy chair on 
 every journey between his home and his business and to 
 surround himself with his particular friends. This same 
 thoughtfulness of the comfort of the passenger permeates 
 every part of the passenger service. 
 
 DOUBLE TRACK AND ALL SAFETY APPLIANCES^ 
 
 The Lackawanna Railroad is double-tracked every inch 
 of the way between New York and Buffalo, and these tracks 
 are lined with the most modern equipment for the safety of 
 trains. 
 
 COAL DOCKS, 
 BUFFALO. 
 
COST OF AN OUTING. 
 
 FROM 
 
 TO 
 
 Ackerson 
 
 Aldeii 
 
 N.J. 
 
 .. ..N.V. 
 
 Altord ... . 
 
 Pa. 
 
 Ampere 
 
 N.J. 
 
 Apalachin 
 
 N. Y. 
 
 Athenia 
 
 Atlanta 
 
 Augusta 
 
 Avoca 
 
 Avondale 
 
 N.J. 
 
 N.Y. 
 
 N.J. 
 
 N.Y. 
 
 Pa. 
 
 Baldwinsville 
 
 N. Y. 
 
 Bcxsking Ridge 
 
 Bath 
 
 Beach Haven 
 
 Bellevue 
 
 N.J. 
 
 . . . . N. Y. 
 Pa. 
 
 Bennett " 
 
 Berkeley Heights 
 
 N.J. 
 
 Berwick . . 
 
 Pa. 
 
 Big Flats 
 
 Binghamton 
 
 N.Y. 
 
 Blodgett's Mills 
 
 Bloomfield 
 
 Bloomsburg 
 
 Boonton . 
 
 .:■.■.:. N^j. 
 
 Pa. 
 
 N.J. 
 
 Branchville Jet. ... 
 
 Briar Creek 
 
 ..Pa. 
 
 Brick Church 
 
 Bridgeville 
 
 N.J. 
 
 Bridgewater 
 
 Brisbin . .... 
 
 N.Y. 
 
 Broadwav 
 
 Buffalo 
 
 B. R. & P. Junct 
 
 N.J. 
 
 N.Y. 
 
 Cameron 
 
 Pa. 
 
 Campbells 
 
 Candor 
 
 N.Y. 
 
 
 
 Pa. 
 
 Cattatonk 
 
 Cedarville 
 
 N.Y. 
 
 Chadwicks 
 
 Changewater 
 
 Chatham 
 
 .".v. v. N.J. 
 
 New York. 
 
 69 
 389 
 376 
 180 
 
 10 
 
 58 
 221 
 267 
 
 13 
 320 
 
 167 
 298 
 224 
 
 34 
 301 
 186 
 147 
 161 
 
 26 
 
 35 
 189 
 
 273 
 
 207 
 
 246 
 
 12 
 
 202 
 
 30 
 
 72 
 
 66 
 
 192 
 
 II 
 
 76 
 
 293 
 232 
 73 
 411 
 365 
 219 
 291 
 238 
 249 
 205 
 
 233 
 300 
 294 
 69 
 24 
 
 O^ 
 
 S2.15 
 8 00 
 7-75 
 5.00 
 .20 
 1-75 
 
 5 40 
 6.06 
 
 6.95 
 2.20 
 
 6.75 
 450 
 6.30 
 5-15 
 1.05 
 
 6 60 
 5.08 
 4-35 
 4-35 
 
 ■75 
 1. 10 
 5.0S 
 6.15 
 5.00 
 570 
 
 •25 
 5 08 
 
 .80 
 2.25 
 1-95 
 5.08 
 
 25 
 1-95 
 5.15 
 5.00 
 1.85 
 8.00 
 7-55 
 565 
 6-45 
 5 80 
 6.10 
 5.08 
 5.65 
 5-35 
 5.00 
 1.80 
 
 .65 
 
 $ 3- 25 
 
 7-45 
 
 .30 
 
 2.65 
 
 8.60 
 
 10.25 
 
 .65 
 
 3-30 
 
 6 70 
 11.25 
 8.95 
 1.40 
 
 7-50 
 6.05 
 6.50 
 1 .10 
 
 1-45 
 7.60 
 10.65 
 8.00 
 9.90 
 
 .45 
 8.10 
 1.25 
 3.35 
 2.95 
 7.70 
 
 .40 
 3.20 
 
 8.72 
 2.75 
 
 8.65 
 
 9-45 
 10 25 
 8.10 
 9-15 
 
 Buffalo. 
 
 376 
 21 
 34 
 230 
 405 
 365 
 190 
 263 
 398 
 90 
 377 
 102 
 287 
 295 
 220 
 
 405 
 no 
 306 
 267 
 281 
 397 
 406 
 
 309 
 137 
 204 
 244 
 408 
 322 
 380 
 379 
 373 
 312 
 403 
 334 
 290 
 229 
 345 
 
 45 
 339 
 120 
 194 
 205 
 325 
 188 
 297 
 291 
 345 
 390 
 
 = ^ 
 O^ 
 
 7 00 
 3 25 
 5.00 
 6.20 
 8.10 
 7 00 
 8.00 
 8.75 
 8.50 
 7.00 
 8.00 
 
 1.02 
 7.00 
 3.05 
 4.70 
 
 5.10 
 7.00 
 
 4.55 
 7.80 
 7.60 
 8.00 
 8.00 
 
 oib- 
 
 $1.25 
 
 3 20 
 
 370 
 
 3 95 
 
 10 
 
COST OF AN OUTING. 
 
 FROM 
 
 TO 
 
 Chenango Bridge N. Y. 
 
 Chenango Forks " 
 
 Chester N.J. 
 
 Chinchilla Pa. 
 
 Chulasky " 
 
 Clark's Summit " 
 
 Clayville N. Y. 
 
 Cohocton 
 
 Conklin 
 
 Conklin Centre " 
 
 Convent N. J 
 
 Coopers ^'..^ 
 
 Corning 
 
 Cortland || 
 
 Coventry 
 
 Craigs ... 
 
 Cranberry Lake N.J 
 
 Cresco Pa 
 
 Curtis N. Y 
 
 Dalton Pa 
 
 Danville " 
 
 Dansville N. Y 
 
 Darien " 
 
 Delawanna N.J 
 
 Delaware " 
 
 Denville " 
 
 Depew N. Y 
 
 Dover N. J 
 
 Durvea Pa 
 
 Earlville N. Y 
 
 East Alexander " 
 
 East Bethany " 
 
 East Buffalo " 
 
 East Lancaster " 
 
 East Orange . . N.J 
 
 Easton Pa 
 
 East Winfield N. Y 
 
 Elkwood N.J 
 
 Elmhurst Pa 
 
 Elmira N. Y 
 
 Espy Pa 
 
 Factoryville " 
 
 Fargo N. Y 
 
 Far Hills N.J 
 
 Forty Fort Pa 
 
 Foster " 
 
 Fo.x Hill N.J 
 
 Franklin " 
 
 Fulton N. Y 
 
 Galena " 
 
 Gillette N.J 
 
 Gladstone " 
 
 Glenburn Pa 
 
 Glen Ridge N.J 
 
 Gouldsboro Pa 
 
 Greene N. Y 
 
 Greigsville " 
 
 Groveland " 
 
 New York. 
 
 212 
 
 218 
 52 
 150 
 217 
 152 
 291 
 316 
 198 
 201 
 28 
 286 
 280 
 250 
 235 
 357 
 56 
 106 
 289 
 156 
 213 
 333 
 382 
 10 
 80 
 34 
 399 
 39 
 153 
 264 
 374 
 369 
 404 
 396 
 
 81 
 298 
 
 22 
 135 
 264 
 199 
 160 
 386 
 
 39 
 160 
 172 
 
 33 
 
 75 
 310 
 254 
 
 28 
 
 43 
 155 
 
 '3 
 124 
 226 
 354 
 341 
 
 $5.00 
 5.00 
 1.50 
 4-50 
 5.60 
 4.60 
 5 00 
 6.90 
 5.00 
 5.00 
 •75 
 6.35 
 625 
 5.80 
 5.00 
 7.30 
 1.65 
 2-95 
 6.40 
 
 4.75 
 5-35 
 7.00 
 7.90 
 
 •35 
 2.05 
 1. 00 
 8.0c 
 1. 10 
 4.35 
 5 00 
 7.70 
 7-65 
 8.00 
 8.00 
 
 •25 
 2.10 
 5^30 
 
 .60 
 4.00 
 6.10 
 5 08 
 4.90 
 8.00 
 
 1-25 
 
 4-35 
 
 5.00 
 
 .90 
 
 2-35 
 6.50 
 5.00 
 
 ■S5 
 1.40 
 4.70 
 
 .27 
 3^6o 
 5.00 
 7.20 
 7.00 
 
 O l- 
 
 05 e- 
 
 f».25 
 
 8.60 
 2 25 
 6.15 
 8.55 
 6.30 
 
 7^85 
 7.90 
 ^•15 
 
 10.90 
 
 10 GO 
 
 8.72 
 
 2-45 
 4-45 
 
 6.50 
 8.45 
 
 • 45 
 340 
 
 Buffalo. 
 
 ■35 
 3.00 
 
 5.60 
 10.45 
 8.00 
 6.65 
 
 ■^'•65' 
 6.50 
 7-15 
 1.40 
 
 3^50 
 11.50 
 
 9-35 
 I-I5 
 1.85 
 6-45 
 •47 
 5.15 
 8.72 
 
 209 
 215 
 379 
 260 
 260 
 258 
 287 
 94 
 214 
 209 
 386 
 124 
 
 131 
 246 
 232 
 
 53 
 363 
 305 
 122 
 254 
 333 
 
 77 
 
 O^ 
 
 $5 •IS 
 5.35 
 8.45 
 6.60 
 7.00 
 6.55 
 7^50 
 2-53 
 5 25 
 5.15 
 8.00 
 3-15 
 3-25 
 6.25 
 585 
 1.29 
 8.15 
 8.00 
 3.10 
 6.55 
 7.00 
 2.02 
 
 $3- 
 
 .80 
 
 
 j^ 
 
 
 
 •05 
 
 15 
 
 .20 
 
 403 
 
 8.00 
 
 358 
 
 8.00 
 
 295 
 
 7-75 
 
 391 
 
 8.00 
 
 275 
 
 7.40 
 
 147 
 
 3-30 
 
 319 
 
 7.00 
 
 250 
 
 6.50 
 
 24 
 
 .40 
 
 411 
 
 8 70 
 
 280 
 
 6 80 
 
 2,38 
 
 6.10 
 
 378 
 
 8.00 
 
 382 
 
 8.85 
 
 307 
 
 7.90 
 
 251 
 
 6 40 
 
 399 
 
 8 30 
 
 415 
 
 8.85 
 
 255 
 
 6 55 
 
 408 
 
 8.12 
 
 286 
 
 7.80 
 
 223 
 
 5.60 
 
 5b 
 
 1^39 
 
 70 
 
 1. 81 
 
 1.85 
 2.45 
 
COST OF AN OUTING, 
 
 FROM 
 
 Grove Street 
 
 Hackettstown.. . 
 
 Hallstead 
 
 Harrison 
 
 Haynes 
 
 Heart Lake 
 
 Henry\'ille 
 
 Hick's Ferry 
 
 Highland Avenue. 
 
 Hoboken 
 
 Homer. 
 
 Hopatcong 
 
 Horseheads 
 
 Horton's 
 
 Hubbardsville 
 
 Hunlocks Creek.. 
 
 Huntly 
 
 Ironia 
 
 Ithaca 
 
 Ithaca Junction . . 
 
 Jamesville 
 
 Kanona 
 
 Kenvil. 
 
 Killawog 
 
 Kingsland . . 
 
 Kingsley's 
 
 Kingston 
 
 Lackawanna 
 
 Lafayette 
 
 Lamson's 
 
 Lancaster 
 
 La Plume 
 
 Laurel Grove 
 
 Lehigh 
 
 Leicester 
 
 Lestershire 
 
 Lime Ridge 
 
 Lincoln Park 
 
 Linwood 
 
 Lisle 
 
 Litchfield 
 
 Little Falls 
 
 Little York 
 
 Looneyville . 
 
 Lounsberry 
 
 Lowmanville 
 
 Lyndhurst 
 
 Lyons 
 
 Madison . 
 
 Manunka Chunk. 
 
 Maplewood 
 
 Marathon 
 
 Messenger\ille. . . 
 
 Milburn 
 
 Miller's Mills 
 
 Millington 
 
 Mill St 
 
 Mine Brook 
 
 N.J 
 
 '..Pa 
 .N.J 
 N. Y 
 ...Pa, 
 
 .N.J, 
 
 ,'n. Y, 
 
 .N.J, 
 N. Y, 
 .N. J, 
 ,N. Y, 
 ...Pa 
 .N.J, 
 
 N. Y 
 
 .N.J, 
 
 .N. Y. 
 .N. J, 
 ...Pa. 
 
 N. J 
 N. Y 
 
 . .Pa 
 
 .N.J 
 ..Pa 
 
 N. Y 
 
 ...Pa 
 .N.J 
 N. Y 
 
 .N.J, 
 
 N. Y. 
 
 N.J, 
 
 N. Y. 
 
 ■.N.J, 
 
 .N. Y, 
 .N.J, 
 
 New York. 
 
 57 
 193 
 8 
 243 
 186 
 100 
 183 
 
 13 
 
 252 
 46 
 
 268 
 50 
 
 271 
 
 172 
 20 
 
 47 
 262 
 249 
 279 
 304 
 
 44 
 233 
 8 
 177 
 162 
 152 
 
 67 
 303 
 398 
 158 
 
 18 
 126 
 351 
 209 
 196 
 
 360 
 
 229 
 
 241 
 
 19 
 
 257 
 
 393 
 
 233 
 
 257 
 
 9 
 
 32 
 
 26 
 
 78 
 
 16 
 
 236 
 
 240 
 
 17 
 
 302 
 
 31 
 16 
 
 38 
 
 
 So. 20 
 1.65 
 5 00 
 •^5 
 5.00 
 5.20 
 2-75 
 5.00 
 
 5-85 
 1.30 
 6.10 
 1.40 
 5.00 
 4.70 
 •55 
 1-35 
 6.10 
 5.80 
 6.06 
 6.70 
 
 1-25 
 
 5-35 
 • 25 
 
 5-00 
 4-35 
 4-35 
 2.05 
 6.40 
 8.00 
 4.80 
 
 •55 
 3^70 
 7.10 
 5.05 
 5.08 
 
 • 75 
 7.40 
 5-30 
 5.70 
 
 •65 
 5 95 
 8.00 
 5-55 
 5^90 
 
 •30 
 1. 00 
 
 .70 
 2.00 
 
 •45 
 5 45 
 5^55 
 
 ■50 
 5-40 
 
 •95 
 
 •50 
 1.20 
 
 $0.30 
 2.45 
 7.75 
 •25 
 8.72 
 7.85 
 4.20 
 7-35 
 •50 
 
 10.00 
 2.05 
 10.45 
 
 6.95 
 .80 
 
 2.05 
 10.50 
 10.00 
 10.75 
 
 1-95 
 9-35 
 •35 
 7-30 
 6 50 
 6.30 
 3.10 
 11.35 
 
 6.60 
 
 .75 
 
 5^25 
 
 8.10 
 
 7-85 
 •95 
 
 9.20 
 
 9.40 
 .80 
 
 10.00 
 
 9 00 
 10.00 
 
 .40 
 1.30 
 1. 10 
 3^30 
 
 •65 
 9^50 
 9-65 
 
 .75 
 
 1-25 
 
 Buffalo. 
 
 403 
 353 
 217 
 406 
 240 
 236 
 310 
 304 
 401 
 410 
 249 
 364 
 142 
 376 
 268 
 292 
 394 
 374 
 217 
 246 
 276 
 106 
 369 
 230 
 402 
 
 233 
 282 
 272 
 374 
 300 
 
 12 
 252 
 392 
 284 
 
 59 
 201 
 316 
 387 
 
 50 
 226 
 209 
 391 
 254 
 
 17 
 
 77 
 ^53 
 401 
 
 403 
 388 
 332 
 398 
 233 
 237 
 396 
 299 
 402 
 394 
 411 
 
 6^ 
 
 .00 
 
 .00 
 
 .40 
 
 .00 
 
 • 15 
 
 ■05 
 
 8.00 
 
 7.00 
 
 8.00 
 
 8 00 
 
 6.35 
 
 8.00 
 
 3 30 
 
 " 40 
 
 90 
 
 .00 
 
 00 
 
 30 
 
 40 
 
 30 
 
 15 
 
 89 
 
 15 
 
 80 
 
 5- 
 8.00 
 6.00 
 6.80 
 6.55 
 8.55 
 7-75 
 •^5 
 6.60 
 8.00 
 7.60 
 
 ^•5i 
 4.91 
 7.00 
 
 65 
 
COST OF AN OUTING, 
 
 FROM 
 
 TO 
 
 Minetto N. Y 
 
 Monroe N.J 
 
 Montclair " 
 
 Montrose Pa 
 
 Montville N.J 
 
 Morris Plains " 
 
 Morristown " 
 
 Moscow Pa 
 
 Mountain N. J 
 
 Mountain View " 
 
 Mt. Arlington " 
 
 Mt. Morris N. Y 
 
 Mt. Pocono , ... Pa 
 
 Mt. Tabor N.J, 
 
 Murray Hill " 
 
 Nanticoke Pa 
 
 Nay Aug " 
 
 Newark N.J, 
 
 New Hampton " 
 
 New Hartford N. Y, 
 
 New Milford Pa, 
 
 Newton N. J, 
 
 New Village " 
 
 New York N. Y, 
 
 N. Y. C. & St. L. Jet " 
 
 Nichols " 
 
 Nicholson Pa, 
 
 North Brookfield N. Y, 
 
 North Fulton " 
 
 Northumberland Pa 
 
 Norwich N. Y 
 
 Onativia " 
 
 Orange N. J 
 
 Oswego N. Y 
 
 Owego " 
 
 Oxford " 
 
 Oxford Furnace N. J 
 
 Painted Post N. Y 
 
 Paradise Pa 
 
 Paris N. Y 
 
 Passaic N.J 
 
 Paterson " 
 
 Peapack " 
 
 Phillipsburg " 
 
 Pittston Pa 
 
 Plymouth " 
 
 Plymouth Junction " 
 
 Pocono Summit " 
 
 Poolville N. Y 
 
 Portland Pa 
 
 Port Morris N.J 
 
 Port Murray " 
 
 Port Oram " 
 
 Port Washington " 
 
 Portway N. Y 
 
 Preble " 
 
 Ray " 
 
 Richfield Junction " 
 
 New York. 
 
 316 
 72 
 14 
 
 191 
 28 
 32 
 30 
 
 132 
 
 44 
 348 
 III 
 36 
 24 
 I6q 
 139 
 
 8 
 72 
 2q8 
 187 
 63 
 73 
 
 236 
 167 
 2, 
 
 31^ 
 225 
 248 
 272 
 
 12 
 324 
 227 
 240 
 
 71 
 283 
 109 
 284 
 
 12 
 
 154 
 165 
 164 
 114 
 267 
 83 
 47 
 64 
 41 
 68 
 328 
 259 
 379 
 288 
 
 
 $6.50 
 
 2.25 
 
 •30 
 
 540 
 
 .80 
 
 .90 
 
 .80 
 
 3-90 
 
 •35 
 
 .70 
 
 1-25 
 
 7.00 
 
 8.00 
 5.6^ 
 
 c a 
 
 $12.00 
 
 3-45 
 
 •50 
 
 8 20 
 
 1 .15 
 
 I 35 
 
 1.25 
 
 5-50 
 
 •55 
 
 .90 
 
 1-95 
 
 4 65 
 1.50 
 1. 00 
 6.80 
 5.80 
 •25 
 
 7.70 
 2.85 
 3.00 
 
 Buffalo. 
 
 313 
 379 
 397 
 241 
 382 
 381 
 379 
 278 
 400 
 
 389 
 366 
 62 
 299 
 378 
 395 
 289 
 271 
 405 
 348 
 295 
 223 
 371 
 
 a^ 
 
 $8.05 
 8.75 
 
 6.25 
 8.00 
 8.00 
 8.00 
 7-50 
 8.00 
 8.00 
 8.00 
 1.60 
 8.00 
 8.00 
 8.15 
 7.00 
 6.60 
 8.00 
 8.00 
 7.70 
 5 6^ 
 
 
 0.25 
 
 ■^ 
 
 6.95 
 
 402 
 
 8.00 
 
 321 
 
 8.10 
 
 i«3 
 
 4.40 
 
 237 
 
 6.00 
 
 339 
 
 8.00 
 
 127 
 
 3.20 
 
 301 
 
 8.00 
 
 281 
 
 7.30 
 
 398 
 
 8.00 
 
 395 
 
 8.00 
 
 413 
 
 8.75 
 
 357 
 
 8.00 
 
 
 b.,5,S 
 
 285 
 
 6.8,s 
 
 284 
 
 6.80 
 
 296 
 
 8.00 
 
 264 
 
 6.80 
 
 327 
 
 8.00 
 
 363 
 
 8.00 
 
 346 
 
 8.00 
 
 369 
 
 8.00 
 
 342 
 
 8.00 
 
 82 
 
 2.17 
 
 256 
 
 6.55 
 
 31 
 
 •59 
 
 285 
 
 7^i5 
 
 2.90 
 
COST OF AN OUTING, 
 
 FROM 
 
 TO 
 
 Richfield Springs N. Y. 
 
 Rockaway N. J, 
 
 Roseville Ave " 
 
 Rupert Pa. 
 
 Saiigerfield N. Y. 
 
 Sauquoit 
 
 Savoiia 
 
 Scranton Pa 
 
 Secaucus N. J- 
 
 Sherburne .N. Y 
 
 Shickshinnv Pa 
 
 Short Hills N.J 
 
 South Columbia N. Y 
 
 South Granby " 
 
 South Orange N.J 
 
 Spragueville Pa 
 
 Stanhope N.J 
 
 Stiles N. Y 
 
 Stirling N. J 
 
 Stewartsville 
 
 "oudsburg Pa 
 
 nmna N. J 
 
 ""\\'q. '.'.'.'.'.'.. '....f^i 
 
 N. Y 
 
 Pa 
 
 N. \ 
 . ,>: ... Pa. 
 
 Unac . . . N. Y. 
 
 Utica .. " 
 
 Vestal \\ 
 
 Wallace 
 
 Washington N. J. 
 
 Washington Mills N. Y. 
 
 Water (;ap Pa. 
 
 Waterloo N. J. 
 
 Waterville N. Y. 
 
 Watsessing . N. J. 
 
 Waverly N. Y, 
 
 Wavland 
 
 West Alden 
 
 West Paterson 
 
 West Pittston 
 
 West Summit 
 
 West Winfield 
 
 White Church 
 
 Whitehall 
 
 Whitney's Point 
 
 Wilscvville " 
 
 Wilkt-sbarre Pa 
 
 Willards N. Y 
 
 Williwaiuia Pa 
 
 Willow Grove " 
 
 Wyoming N.J 
 
 Wvoming Pa 
 
 W' N. Y. & P. Jet N. Y 
 
 New York. 
 
 .N.J 
 ...Pa 
 
 .N.J 
 N. Y 
 
 "n. J 
 
 ,N. Y 
 
 310 
 39 
 9 
 203 
 279 
 293 
 295 
 145 
 04 
 
 259 
 
 306 
 3f.S 
 
 •17 
 49 
 294 
 29 
 76 
 93 
 45 
 21 
 
 155 
 209 
 148 
 188 
 119 
 254 
 248 
 294 
 302 
 -215 
 311 
 67 
 296 
 88 
 52 
 280 
 
 246 
 326 
 
 391 
 
 16 
 156 
 
 22 
 296 
 247 
 
 26 
 227 
 244 
 163 
 219 
 250 
 194 
 
 17 
 158 
 349 
 
 $5.65 
 1.05 
 
 .15 
 5.08 
 5.00 
 5.00 
 6.55 
 4-35 
 
 .15 
 5.00 
 4.85 
 
 .55 
 5.55 
 6.45 
 
 .40 
 2.65 
 1.40 
 6.25 
 
 .90 
 2.00 
 2.50 
 1.30 
 
 .55 
 4-35 
 6.06 
 
 4-35 
 5-30 
 3.40 
 6.06 
 
 4 95 
 5.15 
 5.00 
 
 5 25 
 6.80 
 1.70 
 5.00 
 2.35 
 1.50 
 5.00 
 
 •23 
 5-75 
 7.00 
 8.00 
 
 •50 
 
 4 35 
 • 65 
 
 5-25 
 
 6.10 
 
 .80 
 
 5 25 
 5-95 
 4 35 
 
 $10.75 
 .60 
 25 
 
 5.00 
 
 5.08 
 
 • 50 
 
 4-35 
 
 7 00 
 
 6.00 
 
 .25 
 9.70 
 
 7-15 
 .80 
 
 [1 .40 
 
 .60 
 
 4 05 
 
 3.00 
 3.85 
 2.00 
 .80 
 6.50 
 11.00 
 6.10 
 8.05 
 
 4-95 
 10.00 
 
 Buffalo. 
 
 2.85 
 
 3-70 
 2.25 
 
 .40 
 9.60 
 
 .70 
 
 6.50 
 
 ■95 
 
 10.15 
 
 1.05 
 
 9 15 
 
 9 75 
 
 6 50 
 
 8.72 
 
 3 70 
 
 7.80 
 
 .70 
 
 6 50 
 
 307 
 
 375 
 404 
 323 
 276 
 290 
 115 
 265 
 406 
 256 
 298 
 395 
 303 
 302 
 
 399 
 313 
 361 
 291 
 400 
 353 
 317 
 372 
 393 
 275 
 206 
 268 
 238 
 291 
 251 
 162 
 291 
 299 
 i95 
 99 
 343 
 293 
 322 
 
 359 
 277 
 406 
 164 
 84 
 19 
 394 
 276 
 
 393 
 293 
 203 
 384 
 224 
 200 
 283 
 216 
 160 
 314 
 397 
 
 ;».io 
 8.00 
 8.00 
 7 00 
 7.10 
 
 7-55 
 3.00 
 6.55 
 8.00 
 6.55 
 7.00 
 8.00 
 8.00 
 7.80 
 8.00 
 8.00 
 
 7.60 
 8.35 
 8.00 
 8.00 
 8.25 
 8.00 
 6.55 
 7.40 
 
 6.55 
 6.15 
 8.00 
 6.70 
 6.40 
 
 7 60 
 7. 85 
 8.40 
 2.71 
 8.00 
 7.70 
 8.00 
 
 8 00 
 7.20 
 8.08 
 385 
 2.23 
 
 .30 
 8.00 
 6.60 
 8.10 
 7.70 
 5.10 
 8.00 
 5.60 
 4-85 
 6.80 
 5-35 
 
 9 75 
 7.00 
 8.00 
 6.65 
 1.58 
 
 $3.60 
 
For rates, time of trains, and all information concerning 
 the Lackawanna Railroad, apply to any of the following 
 representatives of the company : 
 
 T. W. LEE, General Passenger Agent, 
 
 26 Exchange Place, New York City. 
 HOWARD J. BALL, General Eastern Passenger Agent, 
 
 429 Broadway-, New York City. 
 GEO. A. CULLEN, General Western Passenger Agent, 
 
 103 Adams Street, Chicago, 111. 
 FRED P. FOX, Division Passenger Agent, 
 
 289 Main Street, Buffalo, N. Y. 
 
 M.L.SMITH Division Passenger Agent, Scranton, Pa. 
 
 W. C. BRAYTON Division Passenger Agent, Syracuse, N. Y. 
 
 H. N. BUTTERFIELD, Traveling Passenger Agent, 
 
 103 Adams Street, Chicago. 
 GUY ADAMS, Traveling Passenger Agent, 
 
 26 Exchange Place, New York City. 
 
 J. H. McGARRITY City Ticket Agent, Utica, N. Y. 
 
 A. E. KENT, Ticket Agent, Binghamton, N. Y. 
 
 HENRY HILL Ticket Agent, Oswego, N. Y. 
 
 F.S.CLARK, Ticket Agent, Elmira, N. Y. 
 
 J. C. DRAKE City Ticket Agent, Corning, N. Y. 
 
 C. A. PALMER, Ticket Agent, Newark, N. J. 
 
 F. M. BARR Ticket Agent, Patcrson, N. J. 
 
 J. FRED FRACE, Ticket Agent, Wilkesbr-rre, Pa. 
 
 F.W.PHILLIPS, City Ticket Agent, Ithaca, N. Y. 
 
 Or Agents at the following ticket offices of the Company: 
 New York : 
 
 429 Broadway, 52 Lafayette Place, 
 
 113 Broadway, 133 West 125th Street, 
 
 95 5th Aveiuie, 674 Columbus Avenue, 
 
 14 Park Place, Barclay Street Ferry Station, 
 
 Christopher Street Ferry Station. 
 
 Brooklyn, N. Y. : 
 
 338 Fulton Street, 726 Fulton Street, 
 
 106 Broadway, E. D. 
 
 Buffalo, N. Y. : 
 
 City Ticket Office, 289 Main Street. 
 
 Philadelphia: 
 
 City Ticket Office, 629 Chestnut Street. 
 
 Chicago, III.: 
 
 City Ticket Office, 103 Adams Street. 
 
The Lackawanna Railroad, in addition to selling 
 reduced rate tickets to all resorts located directly on 
 the line of the road, will sell excursion tickets to all 
 summer and winter resorts in the United States, Can- 
 ada and Mexico at greatly reduced rates. Full infor- 
 mation in regard to routes, rates, etc., may be had 
 on amplication to any of the company's agents, or to 
 T. W. Lee, General Passenger Agent, 26 Exchange 
 Place, New York City. 
 
LBJe 07 
 

 / 
 
loeti^i: 
 
 9nv 
 
\^»i>t^ 
 
 9 ^^-.^^-^ %\H 
 
 DELAWARE WATER GAP ON LACKAWANNA RAILROAD. 
 FROM PHOTO- COPYRIGHT, 1900, DETROIT PHOTOGRAPHIC CO. 
 
 !%'