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  • ^mMj^MM& ':^:xms!^^> THE CENTRAL PORTION AND MAIN ENTRANCE OF THE HORTICULTURAL BUILDINC. d^^^igiiud by Messrs. W. L. B. Jcnnuy and W. B. Mundie, is a work well worthy of special illustration. The noble, satisfying curves of its major and minor domes are ever pleasing, and the details of the graceful friezes worthy of the closest study. At each side of the entrance is a group of statuary, the work of Lorado Taft, which are of the highest order of art. That to the left is the artist's idea of autumn, and called by him " The Sleep of the Flowers." The quiet, almost melancholy spirit of autumn is beautifully suggested. That to the right speaks of spring, and is named by Mr. Taft " The Battle of Flowers." The vigor and push of awakening vegetation is strongly suggested, and is in vivid contrast to the opposite group of the dying year. The central dome is iSo feet in diameter and 114 feet in height. 32 THE STATUE OF THE BULL, facing the Main Basin north o£ the Agricultural Building, is the work of Mr. E. C. Potter, the figure the work of Mr. D. C. French. Each has done his part to perfection, and worked in a harmony of spirit that has resulted in one of the most telling and artistically perfect statues on the grounds. The massive, sturdy solidity of the animal is in marvelous contrast to the flexibly graceful figure of the woman. The charm of the original is strongly recalled by the illustration. French's Statue of the Republic and the Peristyle, surmounted by the Quadriga — the joint work of the two above-mentioned artists — appear in the distance, and are fidly described on another page. 33 THE INDIANA BUILDING possesses a coigne of vantage by being placed in the angle Avhere two roads meet. The building thus has three fa9ades which face promenades, a fact which the architect has taken full advantage of. It is one of the few Gothic structures on the grounds, and is charmingly medieeval in character. The southwestern front, as seen in the illustration, is shaded by a wide veranda, which is somewhat different in spirit to the rest of the building, but does not form too violent a contrast, and provides a cool and shady retreat. The turrets rise to a height of 150 feet and the building covers a space of 152 x 53 feet, and called for an expenditure of $37,000. The first story is of Indiana graystone. the second and third of staff-covered wood. NORTH FROM THE MINES AND MINING BUILDING. The point of observation from which the above picture was taken is one of half a dozen within the grounds that present views of thrilling beauty and grandeur. In the foreground and stretching ofiE into the distance is the Lagoon, studded with islets, vivid in their clothing of green shrubbery. Venetian gondolas and American electric launches skim over the surface in friendly international competition. Against the northern^ horizon the chaste outlines of the Art Palace cut the sky, the orange cupola of the Illinois Building rising above it near by. To the left the great expanse of glass that covers the dome of the Horticultural Building glitters as if of living fire. Nearer is the glistening white of the classic Choral Hall, while close at hand is the Transportation Building, which, with its barbaric splendor of decoration, lends a rich touch of color to a scene that can not leave unmoved the most callous soul. bus™s^ In thisb^dh,^ tm!f tthl? ^^7""'^^ ^ "^ "^.f— ' --'^1 by corporations and fir„,s for the excluswe exhibit of objects pertaining to their ftl scenery along the rne 7Zc° A ^T, IT"' TT'' ''""''""^ displayed . a str.king series of views which formed almost a com^plete panorama of The snrroundW lawns werfbeatifulw 1^^^ were m attendance to gxve information upon all of the innnmerable subjects connected with this vast system, sight-seers '^^"^^ ^^^^^ beautifully kept and made bnlhant w.th flo,yers, and the comfortable seats and cool interior made a refreshing resting-place for tired 38 1 THE JOHN BULL TRAIN. " John Bull " is the pioneer American locomotive, and in its day was -considered a marvel of mechanical ingenuity. It was built in England, by George Stephenson, and first ran on the Camden & Amboy Railroad in the year 1S31. In no way has the Columbian Exposition been more impressive than in illustrating the immense advance made in the arts and sciences during this century. The past and present are placed side by side, and teach their lesson with incisive force. Near by is a magnificent modem engine and the cars used on the " Chicago Limited." The comparison of the two trains leads to expressions of satisfaction that we live to-day when in twenty hours one can be rushed from New York to the White City with all the comforts of a first-class modem hotel. The engine is now the property of the National Museum of Science, Washington. 37 THE BUREAU OF PUBLIC COMFORT BUILDING stands in the foreground to the left. Here the weary sight-seer could find rest and -the inquirer information upon almost any conceivable subject and in almost any language desired. On the extreme right is a portion of the western wing of the Illinois Building and the western entrance to it. Just beyond, toward the east, is the charming home of the State of Indiana. The Illinois Building is described on another page. Of the Indiana Building it may be said that its Gothic towers and charming proportions are a special delight, even in this place of architectural masterpieces. To the left, seen over the roof of the Public Comfort Building, are the minarets and cupolas of the California Building, which irresistibly carry one mentally to the romantic old missions of California, of one of which the building is a reproduction. Parts of other State buildings are visible in the distance. 38 MAIN BASIN, LOOKING NORTH. The cupola ul Uic lilmuib Building— the most striking architectural landmark iu ih<^ ■^iuuulU, nc-vi i^, lUu d.jme of the Administration Building — stands out boldly in the distance. The eye is gradually led up to it through a noble vista hedged on the left by the east front of the Electricity Building and on the right by the apparently endless western fa9ade of the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building. Gay flags give a touch of color and a festive appearance to the scene, and with the blue of the sky and waters prevent the immense white building from looking cheerless ; whilst gondolas and electric laimches, darting hither and thither, give life to a scene that the passing of years will not efface from memory. UTAH BUILDING. , , , ^ ^^^ ^^^''^ Buildmg IS situated at the extreme north end of the Fair grounds, and, as the illustration sho«.s, is a comfortable home-like structure of the renaissance style of architecture. Dallas & Hedges, of Salt Lake City, are the architects. The building is ninety feet long by fifty feet wide and its cost was §18,500. The entrance is reachfed by a spacious approach and broad steps leading to a semi-circular portico, which forms the principal feature of the south front Beyond, to the right of the picture, can be seen the western facade and dome of the Montana Building, and in the foreground is a beautiful statue of Brigham Young' MINES AND MINING BUILDING. The southern exposure of the Mines and Mining Building occupies the northwestern corner of the Court of Honor, and faces the Administration Building. It is modified Italian renaissance in style, sufficient liberty having been taken to invest the building with the animation appropriate to a great general Exposition. The arched entrance is richlj' embellished with sculptural decorations emblematic of mining and its allied industries. In size the building is 700x350 feet ; its cost, $265,000. Mr. S. S. Beman, of Chicago, was the designer. 41 2 I .S "S g> 3 ft "I li 2 '^ ^ *" -£,0 0) *^ "y OO (U ij t4_, o ^ -ti ^ O j-i rjj r-i (B (fl -cj -3 -^ -^ O en 01 ^ ■-' Qj S >^3 -^ 6 •-, -a ^ ui O, " a> o a . „ d) OO j:3 0) S' 3 .3 fr^ " .5 o^ u ^ tfl 0) "^3 :3 S -o ■/: <" =^ § *" R 5 « s c: "S » § S ^ S .£ Bi * g ^ "S .^ .S S 2 E || E M w i^ I- t- s ci a • •3 § ° § jj. S a " ^ ^ .S 5 j3 ° o a g 0) £ O ja -i; ^ j3 ^ . & c 2 ^^ <; ,2 „ a ■■" ti f^ <2 ^ j:^ '*^ ■, ^ S 'S S o H Oi " -^ c- S V cii c 5 W -55 M 8 ^; g O ^ .5 B ^ " 6 s'S S " s jj « „ o - a a U o c ^ 3 3 2 s ° ■== M S ^ I £■ o c/D -g « g 1 8 « -g M S a m o> W K S .S -c o ; &^ 5 ^ O 0-. « O i- o rt t .£ ? OHIO BUILDING. A simple yet dignified structure, of the Italian renaissance style of architecture, is the Ohio State Building. Its dimensions are looxSo feet, exclusive of porticos and terraces, and it cost $30,000. James W. H. McLaughlin is the architect whose excellent taste provided so digniiied a home for the people of Ohio who came to the Fair. Rising above the roof of this building can be seen the pinnacle of the Michigan Building, its nearest neighbor on the west. On the lawn, :to the right, is the large " Gracchi " monument, which finds no mean place in the long list of statues which adorn the grounds of the Exposition. CARAVELS OF COLUMBUS. The " Pinta " and " Nina," a reprodiicti.m < .: ■,-n,,<,i u;. . aravels which l.LiMumd i' ■ lliv lii>u.riL.il lie L ..T (_.iluinbu.-., aix' iii.miL'd in the South Inlet, with the east wall of the Agricultural Building for a background. They were built in Spain at the expense of the U. S. Government, under the direction of Lieut. W. McCarty Little, and will remain permanently in this country. The ■' Santa Maria," the third and principal vessel o£ this fleet, is the subject of another illustration. 44 THE FORESTRY BUILDING, situated on the lake front near the extreme southern limit of the grounds, is in itself a great display of forest products, being built entirely of rough logs pegged together with wooden pins, not a single nail or piece of metal being used in its construction. It is surrounded on all sides by a roofed colonnade, the pillars consisting of three tree-trunks bound together and clothed in their natural bark. Various States of the Union and foreign nations contributed the material to construct this interesting building. The roof is thatched with many varieties of barks. This unique structure was designed by Mr. C. B. Atwood, is in size 528 X 208 feet, and cost about Sioo.ooo. 46 lii-^^'.-^^V.-^ ■ . -<, -'■ ■'at, '- " L ~ .,A nipulc judola of \'enice THE LAGOON OX A REGATTA DAY presented an animated appearance. with the dug-out of the Southern Pacific, the modern American shell with the West Indian surf-boat ; all nations, and colors, and creeds meeting in friendly rivalry. Nowhere on the earth's surface has such a scene before been presented to the human eye set in such a framework of beauty. The glistening white of the endless fayade of the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building, the softer tints of the Government Building, the bright-red roof of the Fisheries Building beyond, the intense green of the Wooded Island, the multi-colored flags and pennants, the sky. the water, the boats, the cheering and excited people, combined to form a picture that will linger long in memory. THE LOCOMOTIVE ' D)iWITT CLINTON" and the coaches drawn by it in the year 1S31 are the first o£ a series of engines and cars exhibited by the New York Central Railroad Company, showin^^ the evolution in railway transportation from that date to the present time. On comparing this train wnth its modern neighbors, it seems almost impossible that only sixty-two years have passed since such primitive methods of steam locomotion were in use. Then fifteen miles an hour was considered a terrific speed, and the accommodations afforded by the coaches were considered the height of comfort. On turning round and \nemng the cars and engines of to-day, standing close by, we can see how much better off we are than were our fathers, and give thanks. CONVENT OF LA RABIDA. Situated on tne peninsula south ut luc Oieat Pier, with tiic uatcir, <>l Lakv; Mii„iny,aii ami tht; South I'uiid on either UauU, and the building of the Krupp Gun Exhibit on the south, is the Convent of Santa Maria de la Rabida, of which the above is a good representation. Its quaint walls and ancient appearance contrast strangely with the modern architecture seen everywhere about. This building is more closely connected with Columbus and his great work than any other, as it contains priceless relics of the great discoverer. The credit for the reproduction of this building is due largely to Hon. William E. Curtis, of the Bureau of American Republics, who traversed all Europe in search of traces and relics of the Genoese admiral. Cost, 850,000. 49 THE TRANSPORTATION BUILDING is the only une on the grounds that tlL-pends mainly upon its coloring- to produce ulleet. That its decorators, ilussrs. Millet & Heaty, succeeded in producing a striking result, can not be denied, but whether it was in too vivid contrast with its surroundings, and was more or less a discordant note in the symphony of white, has been a matter of much discussion amongst artists; but however that may be, there can be no doubt but that, considered by itself, it was magnificently daring in conception and ably carried out. The golden doorway was one of the most impressive features of the Exposition, both as to its architecture and coloring. In size, the main building is 960x256 feet, with an annex 900 x 425 feet. It cost $370,000. and Messrs. Adler & Sullivan were its architects. LOOKING EAST ACROSS THE LAGOON. A diversification of architectural style is seen from the point from which this piLturc wa:^ tak^n. Tu the right, looking over the Japanese temple Hoo-den, on the Wooded Island, the stupendous bulk of the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building, with its ornate northern entrance and white fa9ade, at once forces attention. Towards the center the more softly-tinted Government Building, massively impressive and dignified, fittingly recalls the solidity of the power that caused its existence; and to the left the vivacious Fisheries Building and the many-turreted Marine Cafe complete a scene which, with its foreground of blue waters, is charming in its variety. 51 FISHERIES BUILDING, as seen from the ^V^ded Ul. ,lld, This building differs essentially in spirit from any of the other ing northeast across the Lagoo rpr.v-tl /' ■? *' ^""rf ■ '""^ '^ff' ^ ""''"'^ ^""^ P''^''"S: contrast thereto. The architect, Mr. Henry Ives Cobb, designed a most ingenious structure, no less Tf foh and othVr m^^rt:: "^Vt'^'' ''7 '"' ''1''"'=^^ '° ^''^ P"-^"^'^ '°'" ^^■^■* ^' ^^'^^ '=^^='^^- '^'^^ --'* "« ^ ™-'-l ^^'^^ - -" f-'-d of representation cLnected wUh tST 1 boT ; T'" \7 -° .T w °' ^'^^ "^"'"^''^ "'*'" ^'^'= '^"■'="'^'- °"">-'"S ?--!-"-. 'he eastern one containing the aquariums, are LDgthisV^feeta^the^re^ \"?.^^^ T ^'^"S*«"">' "^°' ^^ '"^^^Y -^ting-places. The style of architecture is Spanish renaissance. The extreme lengtn is i,ioo teet and the greatest width 200 feet. Its cost was 8200,000. SWEDISH GOVERNMENT BUILDING. A picturesque, triangular edifice, located just north of the Fisheries Building, is the contribution of the Government of Sweden. It was modeled by Mr. Gustaf Wickman, of Stockholm, after a style prevalent in the sixteenth century, and was made in Sweden, where it was temporarily put together, and afterward sent to this country in pieces. The lower part of the front wall is composed c£ brick, terra cotta, and cement of Swedish importation, and the rest of the structure is of wood, covered with shingles. The huge crown on the top of the steeple, as well as the frame-work around the bell, are gilded, and touches of color here and there lend a pleasing effect to the eye. 53 WISCONSIN BUILDING. In striking contrast to other buildings in the northern part of the grounds is the modern structure of the State of Wisconsin, situated near the west bank of the North Pond. It has a frontage of ninety feet, exclusive of the porches, and a depth of fifty feet. The walls of the lower story are of Lake Superior brownstone and Menominee 'red pressed brick, and above that the exterior finish is chiefly in native dimension shingles. Massive brownstone pillars and polished granite columns support the front and rear porches. In the angles of the gables is seen the coat-of-arms of the State, modeled by Miss Eunice Wmterbotham, of Eau Claire. A pleasing effect is produced by the harmoniously contrasting colors in which the exterior is painted. Its cost was $70,000. 54 THE INTERIOR OF THE AGRICULTURAL BUILDING, as seen from the western gallery, gives a comprehensive idea of the multiplicity of exhibits displayed by the several States and Territories and foreign countries. In such a view perfection of detail, as a matter of course, must be sacrificed to general efiFect. Looking down this vista. Soo feet in length, one is almost overwhelmed by the variety and number of objects that come under the eye. It is by such views as this that it is possible to gain some idea of the enormous magnitude of the Exposition and the incalculable variety of objects exhibited. A SOUTHERN VIEW. The Puck Building, designed by Mr. Henry Baerer, occupies the lower part of the extreme right of the picture. It is a charmingly ornate building, over the entrance of -which the well-known figure of Puck is keeping guard. To the left of it, near the center of the illustration, is the pavilion of the White Star Steamship Company, which contains reproductions of smoking-rooms, dining-rooms, and state-rooms of the famed steamships "Majestic" and "Teutonic." Across the Lagoon, over the Wooded Island, the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building stretches off beyond the south and east. HUNTER'S ISLAND. Standing in front of the Mines and. Mining Building and looking north, directly in front, across the southern end of the Lagoon, is a small island occupied by a primitive log structure known as the Hunter's Cabin. Bej-'ond is the stately dome of the United States Government Building, and at the extreme left the Fisheries Building is faintly outlined against the sky. A corner of the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building stretches away to the right. THE MODEL OF THE KRUPP GUN. and the car upon which the original was brought to Chicago, forms a portiun of Uil- iVnnsylvania Railroad Exhibit. This car, or rather combination of cars, had to be specially constructed to carry this monster, which weighs 124 tons, measures 57 feet from breech to muzzle, and has a bore i6g inches in diameter. Ever^- discharge of this weapon — the largest gun in the world — costs $1,100. The original is housed in the Krupp Building, situated on the Lake Front, east of the Agricultural Building. Its range is sixteen miles. To the right is the Pennsylvania Railway Building, and to the left specimens of track and signals. 59 MANUFACTURES AM) LIUERAL ARTS BUILDING, 1X1 LI L Uv s u^ i<_La of Hil lutLU i qj u ukl 1 tlic kirge^t building on earth, Avitli us uuaitli ..1 diversilied exhibits, can be had from a glance at the above illustration. The effect produced on the visitor is that of a beautiful city of gilded domes, glittering minarets, mosques, palaces, kiosks, .and brilliant pavilions, inclosed by marble walls, and roofed in by a dome of glass. In the foreground stands a number of preserved specimens of water buflalo, which constitute a portion of the exhibit of the State of Michigan. m\ 'Mm'^-' S. ..l- HI-. Jiv Ml LXXII-.^ 1 - 'i-.\TAIN—i5ofeetindiameter— was raised twelve feet above the level of the surrounding llaiu Ba^m over the edge of It water rashed m a series ot miniature cascades. Sea-horses, mounted bj- figures representing modern advance, plunging forward, lead the way for the barcre bearing Columbia. The detail of that part of the Basin facing the northeast is well shown in the accompanying illustration. In the distance the western half of°the north facjade of the noble Agricultural Building— the airy form of Diana clearly silhouetted against the sky— adds a charming completeness to the picture. !i|t!n^u^.|?ifi - ' \mmn : mmt 3!"«tutH M»»Hti . mnu 'r:"iirmm':pmri THE NEW YORK STATE BUILDING, with Avhat it contained, formed an exposition in itself. At the main entrances are casts of the celebrated Barberini lions, and the pedestal lamps lighting the terraces are reproductions of the best examples in the museum of Naples. At either side of the entrance shown in the illustration are placed busts of George Clinton and Roswell P. Flower, the first and present Governors of the Empire State. In niches, on the front facade of the two wings, stand heroic statues of Columbus and Hudson, the works of Olin Warner. Messrs. McKim, Meade & White were the architects. 62 MASSACHUSETTS liUILUIXG. Situated in the northeasterly part of the grounds, on the main avenue leading from the Fifty-seventh Street entrance, stands the patriarchal building of the State o£ Massachusetts. It is a reproduction of the historic residence of John Hancock, which stood on Beacon Hill, near the State Capitol, in Boston, and was erected at a cost of $20,000, from designs by Peabody & Stearns. Like the original, which it strikingly resembles, it is surrounded by a raised terrace, with a profusion of flowers and foliage. The exterior is finished in staff, in imitation of cut granite, but the unique interior is of more durable construction. Ill-; rXI ri'. I J M a l l-.S GOVBRNMENT building occupies the central portion of the above view, as seen from a point between the Horticultural and Woman's Buildings, looking east over the Lagoon, Wooded Island, and Hoo-den Palace. The northern entrance to the Manufactui-es and Liberal Arts Building, the Ikrgest of the kind ever constructed, appears at the extreme right of the picture. The maze of bridges and roofs at the left gives a faint idea of the immensity of this transitory "White City." 64 THE CALIFORMA STATE BUILDING possesses a spirit of poetrj' and romance and is unlike any other building on the grounds. Representing as it does an old monasterj-, it carries one's mmd back to the early days of Spanish, occupation, when the valiant soldiers of the cross braved the terrors of ocean and desert to preach the true faith to the heathen aborigines. Even the material used in its construction -adobe or sun-dried brick-is similar to what was used in those old days of romance The building, which measures 435 x 144 feet, housed a magnificent display of Califomian products. THE NEW HAMPSHIRE BUILDING is constructed in imitation of the heavily-biackeiud and balconied chalets of Switzerland, symbolizing the Switzerland of America, as New Hampshire is often called. It occupies one of the most favorable locations on the grounds, facing Lake Michigan. The first story is built of plaster, with quoins to the doors and windows of various kinds of New Hampshire granite. The building is rectangular in form, the center being occupied by a hall 22x25 feet, which extends up through two stories to the roof. The building cost about $12,000, and was designed by Mr. G. B. Howe of Boston and Omaha. THE CART-HORSE GROUP— the joint work of Mr. Potter and Mr. French— stands in front of the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building, looking across the Main Basin, facing the Bull Group, by the same sculptors. The subject has never been treated with greater dignity and beauty. The confidence existing between man and horse, and the nobility of labor, is charmingly suggested. The horse, with his arched neck and intelligent eye, seems proud of the confidence reposed in him, and appears to realize his strength and value, and that without him the tilling of the fields would be impossible. Both the man and the horse are splendid specimens of their kind. To the right is seen the Administration Building; to the left the delicate towers and columned porticoes of Machinery Hall. 67 THE CANADIAN BUILDING stands on the lake shore, and was designed by the Department of Public Works of our northern neighbor. The building, including the veranda, which is ten feet wide and entirely surrounds the house, covers nearly 6,000 square feet. A simple and ine.Kpensive style of architecture was adopted so as to keep the cost within §30,000, the sum appropriated for the purpose by the Canadian Government. The interior was finished in highly-polished woods, the products of the several provinces. The building contained no eKhibits, being used entirely for official purposes and as a meeting place for Canadians visiting the Fair I ■■ — — — THE TERRITORIAL BUILDING provides a joint home for the Territories of New Mexico, Arizona, and Oklahoma, having been designed for that purpose by- Mr. Seymour Davis. Though yet in their infancy, the display of products exhibited by these Territories was fully equal to those of the older States. New Mexico and Arizona sent a vast collection of minerals and semi-tropical fruits and flowers, besides specimens of the handiwork of the fast-disappearing natives, which included some beautiful gold and silver filigree work ; whilst Oklahoma added a rich collection of grains and grasses and other agricultural t)roducts. THE NORTH DAKOTA BUILDING provt;:i that thci Stat<^, though young in years, possesses the vigor of maturity. The charming little home of this north- western State is an architectural gem of colonial style. The entire first floor is one large room, which measures 90x60 feet, and affords ample scope for the display of the many productions of the State, which includes nearly every product of the soil grown in the temperate zone. The decorations consist of conventionalized representations of North Dakota grains and grasses, shown in bas-reliefs on bands, panels, and angles. The cost of the building was $11,000. THE WEST VIRGINIA BUILDING is strictly colonial in its style of architecture, its wide-spreading piazzas resembling those of Mount Vernon, JlonticeUo, JIalvem, and other historic houses. The main entrance is surmounted by the arms of the State in bas-relief. The aim of the architect ivas to combine utility with simplicity, in which idea he was eminently successful. What ornamentation there is. is in classic form, and consists of festoons and other graceful arrangements of flower and leaf. The ceilings are of ornamental ironwork from Wheeling, W. Va. , and all the exterior is built of material from that State. It is 1 23 x 58 feet in size , and cost §20,000. MIDWAY PLAISANCE FROM THE FERRIS WHEEL. The eastern portion of the Midway Plaisance is seen to the best advantage from the elevated position on the Ferris Wheel, from which the above view was taken. On the right the minarets of the Moorish Palace first meet the eye, and next in succession, beyond the Woodlawn Avenue viaduct, are the Turkish Village, the Panorama of the Bernese Alps, and the Natatorium. The famous Streets of Cairo occupy the left foreground; then comes the German Village and the Dutch Settlement. Beyond all is the grand panorama of the Fair, cutting the horizon with a line of domes and roof-tops. 72 WESTERLY VIEW OF THE GRAND BASIN. The above view of the Basin is taken from the roof of the Casino, which stands at the head of the Great Pier and forms one of the connecting supports of the Peristyle. To the right are the southern facades of the Manufactures and Liberal Arts, the Electricity, and the Mines and Mining Buildings. In the foreground stands the majestic Statue of the Republic, and at the end of the Basin, forming the left background of the picture, is the Ad m inistration Building. The northern and western boundaries of the Court of Honor are here shown. ^^^:i^::^?^f^^m^^~i^.,ii^^^^ ■^■"^■^^^-^--iailmfiA .a a •3 " p. o en B j3 a & < ' t^ ^^-S"er Palace Car Company. This is an overflow of the Transportation Building, in w ot the locomotive and the development o£ modern means of transportation are fittingly and elaborately set forth. & Hudson River hich the evolution THE CEYLON TEA HOUSE, situated on the lake front, near the main Ceylon Building, afforded a delightful retreat during the hot days of summer. Until comparatively lately the staple product of the • ' Spicy Isle " was coffee; now, however, tea has taken first place in its list of exports. In the native house depicted above, Ceylon tea was served, and the public given an opportunity to compare it with the product of China and Japan. The house was built almost entirely of native reeds and grasses, and exhibited the ingenuity with which the Cingalese utilize such primitive materials in their building operations. i! o 3 a 78 MAIN ENTRANCE TO THE HORTICULTURAL BUILDING. The glazed dome and central entrance to the Horticultural Building are here displayed in a manner to bring out the wealth of ornamentation in all its beauty and profusion. The dome is iSo feet in diameter and 114 feet high. In front of the pavilion, which is covered by this immense area of glass, is a highly ornamented pylon, with a recessed vestibule decorated with statuar}^. On the face of the pylon are groups, one on either side, representing the "Awakening," and the " Sleep of Flowers." Inside the vestibule are heroic statues of " Flora" and " Pomona." 79 r ■Wk >0» \. "^2^ L. Wif(rq^:n u H ii ' ■ ■' ■ ■-■ ; •' I ! ■ OJ (-< o ■ ■\'; ■ i-t'^iV: '' . perf hefo e wh .'^ -^ •^ - s ■^ ■s:^3 eF ter: ersi ■° a > r S^ -., " tu a i>.J3 3 is ir' '^ a o a . i: o >^ a CJ A? 4-1 _..+-• u II- -M O rt 'MM with 00 vi end ■*-» '-* ■o . - a -s J ti C3 -Ire . ! nnei ontr ts, e O o 0) i CI , H <" 1^ a " ? m M & 0) .a S a 3 -^ o +3 - o &--S-3 >- S "^ « H-S^-a S ° .^ ^ iJ a u . VER ysty ratio: e old , o § s a i ■^ a^ s g"S.S g' "< in 3 s "-s ? ; (^■^•c § W - S HE G 3 kind, chapel ture re e .ti oi S »+-l M-l 5 ■i".' 1 o o m THE LEATHER BUILDING was constructed, to a certain extent, to accommodate the overflow from the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building, its forty- acres of floor space not affording sufficient room for the display of the vast number of objects sent from every quarter of the globe. At one end of this building every known variety of leather is shown; at the other end articles manufactured therefrom are exhibited; whilst in the galleries above iSo machines, employing 300 men, and driven by six twenty-five horse-power motors, transform the raw material into boots and shoes and other finished products. O o j3 a g § <•§ " o « s n -S 2 MINES AND MINING BUILDING, INTERIOR. This portion of the Mines and Mining Building, as seen from the south gallery, gives some idea of the vast size of this — one of the smaller main buildings. The distance from the point where this picture was taken to the end of the hall, as shown in the illustration, is 700 feet. A similar view in the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building would present a vista 1.6S7 feet in length. It is only by such comparisons that it becomes possible even to partially realize the immensity of the World's Fair Buildings. The Mines and Mining Building contained specimens of minerals sent from all lands. 83 THE SOUTH DAKOTA BUILDING is entirely the creation of tlie muscle, brain, material, and money of that State. The exterior is coated with Yankton cement, the timber is the product of her forests, and the roofing- the product of her mines. Within its walls a wonderfully varied exhibit of the natural resources of the State are exhibited, including all the fruits of the temperate zone, and almost all known metals. The building measures 100x60 feet, is Romanesque in style, and cost $25,000. 85 ^^ THE "WASHINGTON STATE BUILDING is very original in design. It was built of lumber and materials brought from the Pacific Slope, and serves to show in a marked degree the immense timber resources of that young State. In the foundation are pine logs measuring 52 inches in diameter and 120 feet in length, perfectly clear and sound. Much larger timber could have been procured had the railroads been able to carry it. The exterior of the building — which is 140 x 220 feet — is covered , with Puget Sound lumber, and the roof is of cedar shingles from the same district. 86 WW'^ THE NOR\VEGIAN BUILDING is built after the model of the old Stavkirke, a peculiar Norwegian style of architecture which dates back to the twelfth century. The peaks of the gables of this oddly constructed, cross-gabled edifice are ornamented with decorations similar to those with which the Norsemen embellished the prows of their ships in the time of Lief Ericsson, the alleged discoverer of America. It was planned and built in sections in Norway, then taken to pieces, shipped here, and set up by Norwegian mechanics. The building is 60 .-c 25 feet in size. 87 THE DECORATIONS OF THE FISHERIES BUILDING are of great beauty, and deserving of the closest study. The grace and delicacy of Mr. Cobb's work is well shown in the above illustration of the southern entrance of the eastern arcade. Fish and frogs, shell fish and water snakes, besides many other kinds of marine forms, add their quota toward the beautification of the building dedicated to showing their habits of life. How the most unpicturesque objects can be handled and forced into combinations of beauty when treated with true artistic taste, is here vividly shown. THE COLORADO STATE BUILDING is a pleasing building of the Spanish renaissance type, occupying a space 125 x 45 feet. The two towers are provided with spiral stairways, and a journey to the top was well repaid by the magnificent view presented. The ornamental front and red Spanish-tiled roof lent warmth to the building which was very pleasing. The interior fittings of native marble and onyx were well worth seeing, and showed the richness of the "Centennial State" in these materials. 90 THE UNITED STATES SIGNAL SERVICE EXHIBIT and Life Saving Station proved of great interest to visitors uf the World's Fair. The light-house is of the modern steel pattern, joo feet high, and furnished with the most powerful revolving Mhite and red lights. It will shortly be taken down and be removed to the mouth of the Columbia River. In the distance just beyond is the Life Saving Station, -svhere daily drills of life-boat crews, etc. , were held. To the left are the small buildings of the Naval Obser\'atory, and over them, farther off, the Main United States Government Building. S3 KALIHL SAWABIM, the handsome Oriental, who so complacently draws the smoke of fragrant Eastern tobacco through the scented, cooling water in the bowl of his hookah, is the son of a native Damascus banker, his mother being an Arabian. The rush and activity of an American city is a riddle to him. He spent six months at the Exposition, and in his quiet way picked up a vast store of knowledge and some American dollars; but, nevertheless, goes home more than ever assured that the restful existence which awaits him in his Eastern home is better than the restless hurry-skurry of Western lands. 94 ,lll /^'"l'; iT&t.^ eK.^5lli.'&7iS'&:iEi,-^»' THE DAHOMEYANS and their village proved to be one o£ the most attractive features izi the Midwajr Plaisance at the World's Fair. They are an extremely cruel and brutal race, and it is to be hoped that they will carry back to their West African home some of the influences of civilization with which they were surrounded in Jackson Park. The two members of the tribe pictvired above are about average specimens. The great height and muscular power they possess is hardly shown in their attitude of repose. 95 THE KANSAS STATE BUILDING possesses a character very much its own, being a decided departure from conventional ideas of architecture, and unlike any other building on the grounds. The bas-relief near the left corner represents the State as she is now and as she was armed for her struggle " ad astra per aspera" when admitted to the Union in 1861. The building is cruciform, and measures 135 x 140 feet. The architect was Mr. Seymour Davis. M" THE MINNESOTA STATE BUILDING is the work of Mr. W. C. Whitney, who created one of the most beautiful and homelike of State buildin.^s In the portico stands a statue of Hiawatha, executed by Jacob Fjielde, the cost being contributed by the school children of Minnesota. It will shortly be duplicated in bronze and placed in the Minnehaha Park at Minneapolis. The ground area of the building is So x go feet, and without the interior decorations, which are very elaborate cost $35,000. O oj 1j? -"^ gl -^i^ 1 ^^•^u*^ . ,/' -r-: i :i -^^•\^ / 1 ;■.:!<. w "L 5 S 5P ^ ■^ ""sf^: "' i-VL 5 & S * "- V ^,7-sr;r7^75i ■as-5 o o .a o, si S >. c o o 'z: "^ 'c ? -2 1- C S °J 2 'lb fc- o i 2 ' o I il s "St"" ;: ° g c ■-1 S ii i u ° £^ ^ -M ^- tU !=" 2 a « »^ x: -^ -i^ o! I g- :; y} 5 o nj £9 THE NEBRASKA STATE BUILDING is of the colonial style of architecture, and classic in its siiuplL; impressiveness. On each side of the building is a large portico -with eight massive columns upholding the pediment, which bears the State coat-of-arms in bas-relief. The house measures 100x60 feet, and is constructed of staff treated to represent stone. On the first floor is a large hall for exhibition purposes, besides reception-rooms and toilet-rooms. On the second floor are other rooms for the display of native products, and ladies' reception-rooms, etc. The architect was Mr. Henry Voss, and the building cost $15,000. 100 L THE MONTANA BUILDING, with its arched entrance, surmounted by a noble elk whose antlers measure ten feet from tip to tip, is of the Roman order of architecture. Its ground area is 113 x 63 feet, and it was designed by Messrs. Galbraith & Fuller of Livingston, Montana. From the vestibule, which is marble- floored, open reception-rooms and parlors, and at the rear of the building is a banquet-hall wherein the hospitable people of Montana constantly entertained their friends. The cost of the building w^as S15.125. THE LOUISIANA STATE BUILDING is a reproduction of an old Soutliern plantation home, with broad corridors, large doors, and quaint dormer windows. One of the features of the building was a restaurant where all the delicacies for which the State is famous were served in ante-bellum style. A Creole concert company discoursed plantation music. There were few pleasanter ways of spending a restful hour than in lunching at this hospitable Southern abode. THE ENTRANCE TO THE SWEDISH BUILDING presents an interesting study of the architecture of Sweden during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, which it closely follows. The building, the design of Jlr. Gustaf Wickman of StockJaolm, was constructed in that country-, and then taken apart and brought over here to be reconstructed in Jackson Park. The entrance is of brick and decorated with terra cotta, the product of famous Swedish manufactories, and is of itself no insignificant exhibit. The building is in the form of a triangle. The entrance leads into an immense hexangular hall, from which open rooms used for the display of exhibits. 103 THE MANUFACTURES AND LIBERAL ARTS BUILDING, when viewed from the point where this picture was taken, gives a better idea of its vast size than when seen from any other place. Even this aspect, however, fails to convey the reality of its unparalleled magnitude. The western fa9ade — the one to the left — is 1,687 feet in length, the southern face 787 feet from end to end, the building covering an area of nearly thirty-one acres. The highest point of the roof is 245 feet above the ground. The amount of lumber used in its construction would deforest 1,100 acres of Michigan pine-land; the iron and steel in its roof alone would build two Brooklyn bridges. Its architect, Mr. G. B. Post, performed the feat of designing this building even more remarkable for its architectural beauty than for its size. 14 77 104 70 V ., ''./ sf •i- ^•^■ >^^ -> \. *^w. ''■■•••\^_'v'^ "*".?. '^'^^'.o*^ %/'-o^^•'^^* '^^'^^-■'\^ \^''JW'\'^ "^^ ■-. S }■ ^. -mS* J''\. =SR- /% -^K" .^%,_ "^^^ ^^^ ^ >-^ "^o INDIANA ■= JSI v-=---. ^ ■'-r.c^ ^■?' -..*^ :^- 'bi? f-C" > "^^