THE REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 
 
 1775-1778 
 
THE series of publications of which this volume is the third, is 
 dedicated to the memory of that fine English scholar who 
 collected the first private library in his Kingdom and wrote the first 
 treatise on the Love of Books, THE PHELOBIBLON, ever known — 
 RICHARD DB BURY : 1287-1345. He was Bishop of Durham and 
 was Lord Chancellor and Keeper of the Great Seal under Edward III. 
 He added to his loyalty to the Crown a surpassing love for Books and 
 the Delights of Scholarship. THE DE BTJRIANS of Bangor, Maine, 
 U. S. A., the only Book Club in the world bearing his name, wish to 
 be known as lovers of books and as disciples of De Bury in his care 
 for prized volumes, his reverence of their worth and his devotion to 
 the advancement of learning. 
 
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THE 
 
 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL 
 
 OF COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 
 1775-1778 
 
 EDITED WITH A MEMOIR AND NOTES BY 
 THOMAS WILLIAMS BALDWIN 
 
 8KAL OF BICHARD DE BURY 
 
 BANGOR 
 
 PRINTED FOR THE DE BURIANS 
 
 1906 
 
I 0^1 
 
 
 £* 
 .*>>* 
 
 CopyrigEfc 19C 
 
 By The De Buria^, BJHgor, Maine 
 
 All BighESReinved 
 
 The military reservation at Sabino Head, mouth of the Kennebec 
 River, Maine, is to be named Fort Baldwin, in honor of Colonel Jedu- 
 than Baldwin, Engineers and Artillery Artificer Regiment, Continental 
 Army, who died June 4, 1788. — By order of the Secretary of War, 
 J. C. Bates, Major General, Chief of Staff, Washington, January 
 25, 1906. 
 
 Edition of Two Hundred Copies. 
 This Copy is Number 
 
 21 
 
THIS VOLUME IS DEDICATED 
 TO THE MEMORY OF 
 
 t£ol 3ebutl)cm Saluurin 
 
 "A TRUE PATRIOT AND AN INTREPID SOLDIER WHO 
 
 DID VALIANT SERVICE IN THE WAR OF 
 
 THE REVOLUTION" 
 
INTRODUCTION 
 
 EVER since the existence of the MS. of the Journal 
 contained in this volume became known to members 
 of The De Burians, it has been their great desire to print 
 the same as one of their publications. After many delays 
 the Committee of Publication has great pleasure in issuing 
 the same as the Third Volume in their series of works 
 inscribed to the memory of Richard De Bury, Bishop of 
 Durham, 1287-1345. 
 
 On December 8, 1897, a loan exhibition of rare articles 
 of vertu, historic relics, art pieces, old lace, etc., was held 
 at the residence of the Misses Baldwin in this city for the 
 benefit of the Woman's Exchange. The original MS. of 
 this Revolution Journal of Col. Baldwin, was one of the 
 choice things exhibited at that time. 
 
 This MS. is now in possession of Miss Charlotte A. 
 Baldwin, State Regent of the Maine Council of Daughters 
 of the American Revolution. It formerly belonged to 
 Thomas Williams Baldwin, Miss Baldwin's father, who 
 
Vlll INTRODUCTION 
 
 inherited it from her grandfather, Luke Baldwin, a son 
 of Col. Jeduthan Baldwin. Miss Baldwin does not remem- 
 ber when her father did not have this MS. and recalls 
 many times when he took it from his desk and read some 
 portions of it. 
 
 The Journal as now printed receives new interest from 
 the fact that by order of the War Department of January 
 25, 1906, the Military Reservation at Sabino Head, at 
 the mouth of the Kennebec River, in Maine, is named Fort 
 Baldwin, in honor of this notable Military Engineer of 
 the Revolution. The fort to be constructed at Sabino 
 Head is to be located back of Fort Popham on the site 
 of Popham's Fort St. George of 1607. The site was deter- 
 mined by a plan found in the general archives of Siman- 
 cas, Spain, several years since and published in 1890 in 
 Brown's Genesis of the United States, vol. I, page 190. 
 This land is in the present town of Phippsburg. The 
 description of Fort St. George gave it 12 pieces of ord- 
 nance, several houses, a church and a storehouse. Here 
 was built the first vessel in America, the Virginia, 30 tons, 
 the chief shipwright being one Digby of London. She 
 carried the last of the colony back to England in 1608. 
 
 Col. Baldwin was Captain of a company in the expe- 
 dition against Crown Point in 1755-56 and served in the 
 same capacity from March to December, 1758, at Fort 
 Ticonderoga and at Fort Du Quesne. The first portion 
 
INTRODUCTION IX 
 
 of the Journal here printed is that kept by Capt. Baldwin 
 at Fort William Henry, from December 1, 1755, to May 
 4, 1756. It is an interesting fact that twenty years after 
 this he campaigned in the same section of country with 
 Generals Schuyler, St. Clair and Gates, as Colonel and 
 Chief of Engineers. 
 
 It is especially gratifying that The De Burians have had 
 as editor of this volume and author of the Memoir of 
 Col. Baldwin, his great-grandson, Mr. Thomas Williams 
 Baldwin, who has devoted much painstaking care and a 
 great deal of time to the preparation of the work. To 
 him and to his sister, Miss Charlotte A. Baldwin, I wish 
 to express my thanks for their great interest in placing 
 this Journal before the historical students of the country. 
 Moreover, I wish to make acknowledgement for the great 
 assistance given in collating and revising the MS. for the 
 press, to the other members of the Committee of Publica- 
 tion: Mr. Frank H. Damon and Bartlett Brooks, Esq.; 
 also to Prof. James Brooks, a member of the Club, for 
 his assistance in comparing the printer's copy with the 
 original Journal. 
 
 As an important and interesting contribution to this 
 subject, the Sermon delivered at the funeral of Col. Bald- 
 win, by Rev. Daniel Foster, A. M., is reprinted from the 
 exceedingly rare pamphlet printed at Worcester, Mass., 
 by Edward E. Powars in 1789. 
 
X INTRODUCTION 
 
 And now. The De Burians of Bangor take pleasure in 
 presenting this volume to that small number of collectors 
 and libraries throughout the country, interested in pre- 
 serving the details of our history, in which details pos- 
 terity is said to delight. 
 
 For the Committee of Publication and for The De 
 Burians, 
 
 Samuel Lane Boardman. 
 
 President. 
 
 Bangor, Maine, October 20. 1906. 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 Page 
 
 Dedication v 
 
 Introduction ... vii 
 
 Memoir of Col. Baldwin xiii 
 
 Funeral Sermon xlv 
 
 Revolutionary Journal 1 
 
 Notes 143 
 
 PLATES 
 
 The Baldwin House Frontispiece 
 
 Facsimile of Col. Baldwin's Letter to his Daughter . . . Page sxxi 
 
 Grave of Col. Baldwin, North Brookfield. Mass " sxxviii 
 
 Reproduction of Title-page of Funeral Sermon .... " xlvii 
 Facsimile of Page of Journal " 81 
 
MEMOIR OF COL. BALDWIN 
 
MEMOIR 
 
 yEDUTHAN BALDWIN was born in Woburn, 
 " Mass., January 13, 1732. He lived here but a 
 short time as his father, soon after his birth moved to 
 Sudbury, Mass., but just what year we do not know. 
 
 In 1734 his father purchased land in Sudbury, his 
 residence being given as of Woburn. In all later deeds 
 his residence is given as of Sudbury, so probably it was 
 in 1734 or shortly after that he took up his residence 
 there. 
 
 He was the son of Isaac and Mary Flagg Baldwin, 
 and grandson of Henry Baldwin of Woburn, who was 
 the first of the family to settle in this country. His 
 ancestors lived in what is now known as North Woburn, 
 and built there in 1640 the house which has since always 
 been and now is called The Baldwin House, an illustra- 
 tion of which forms the frontispiece to this volume. 
 
 It was a cousin of Jeduthan to whom we are indebted 
 for the Baldwin apple. His cousin Loammi Baldwin, 
 
XVI MEMOIR 
 
 who served with distinction in the Revolutionary War, 
 and who was said to have been with Washington on that 
 winter night when he crossed the Delaware, was the 
 originator of this apple. It is said that once, when mak- 
 ing a survey at Wilmington, he observed some woodpeck- 
 ers flying around a certain tree and going to it he found 
 some excellent apples under it. He took from the tree 
 scions which he grafted on to trees of his own. Subse- 
 quently when he attended Court in his capacity of High 
 Sheriff, and also when he travelled anywhere, he was 
 wont to take scions of this fruit, as well as the fruit 
 itself, to distribute among his friends. At first these 
 apples were called by some Butters apples, from the party 
 on whose land the original apples were found, and by 
 others Pecker apples from the bird that first drew atten- 
 tion to them. But it is said that one day when Col. 
 Loammi Baldwin had a party of gentlemen to dine he 
 set before them a dish of these apples, and they asked 
 him by what name the apples were called. "By no name 
 in particular," the Colonel replied; "call them, if you 
 please, Baldwin apples." And this has been their name 
 ever since. The original tree was blown down in the 
 great gale of 1815. 
 
 Jeduthan Baldwin left Sudbury when quite young and 
 settled in Brookfield, Mass. Just when he went there we 
 do not know but we find that, on May 9, 1754, he pur- 
 
MEMOIR XV11 
 
 chased in Brookfield two lots of land, one of 65 acres, 
 and another of 16J acres. In these deeds his occupation 
 is given as Housewright. In all subsequent deeds of 
 land which he purchased, he is mentioned as Gentleman 
 or the title Esq. is put after his name. 
 
 The town of Brookfield was divided into three pre- 
 cincts, one of which is now known as the town of North 
 Brookfield. This was the part of the town in which he 
 settled. He owned considerable land in the town during 
 his life, as deeds are on record covering in the aggregate 
 several hundred acres, which at different times he pur- 
 chased, and but a small part of which he seems to have 
 sold. The following item is taken from the report of 
 the appraisers of his estate. 
 
 "The whole of the Real Estate, including the home 
 farms, with the Buildings thereon standing, with a Pew 
 in the Meeting House also one piece of Swamp and 
 Meadow containing about 20 Acres, and another piece of 
 Meadow containing three Acres, together with one-fourth 
 part of the Brick Dwelling House formerly owned by 
 Major Peter Harwood." This property the appraisers 
 valued at 1085 pounds. 
 
 North Brookfield separated from the old town ecclesi- 
 astically in 1750, and educationally in 1756. And dur- 
 ing the struggles of the eighteenth century this town took 
 upon itself with the tacit consent of the mother town, the 
 
XV111 MEMOIR 
 
 burden of paying its military expenses and furnishing its 
 quota of soldiers for the wars. 
 
 In the spring of 1755 an expedition was planned 
 against Crown Point, and Brookfield furnished her full 
 quota for the expedition, Jeduthan being in command of 
 a company, and we have his diary running from Decem- 
 ber, 1755, to May, 1756. Dr. Benj. Gott, who was sur- 
 geon's mate on the staff of Col. Josiah Brown and who 
 remained at Fort William Henry till March 31, 1756 
 says in a petition: "I was at Fort William Henry last 
 winter and know that Capt. Jeduthan Baldwin dealt out 
 from his private stores, Rum, brandy, sugar, coffee, tea, 
 wine, etc., to the sick in the Hospital, the Commissary 
 being destitute." 
 
 Some time during this war Capt. Baldwin was wounded 
 so severely in the leg that the council of surgeons declared 
 it incurable and advised amputation. He protested 
 against the measure but they insisted and were about to 
 bind him and perform the operation when he raised him- 
 self in his bunk, seized his bayonet and threatened any 
 one's life who should attempt to bind him, saying that if 
 he went he would go altogether. Needless to say, that 
 the operation was not performed and his leg was saved. 
 
 In 1757 Jeduthan Baldwin was married to Lucy, 
 daughter of the Rev. Ebenezer Parkman of Westboro. 
 Rev. Mr. Parkman was the first minister settled in West- 
 
MEMOIR XIX 
 
 boro, going there in 1724, and remaining until his death 
 in 1782. When he was first in Westboro it was a long 
 way into the wilds, and in his diary, which he kept and 
 a considerable part of which is preserved in the Library 
 of the American Antiquarian Society in Worcester, we 
 get an interesting insight into the life of a minister in 
 the pre-revolutionary times. In his diary under date of 
 1724 he tells of going to meeting with his pistol in his 
 hand and being much frightened on his return by seeing 
 what he supposed was an Indian approaching, but on 
 coming nearer he found that it was his landlord. From 
 the same source we learn that on August 20, 1756, Isaac 
 Baldwin, (father of Jeduthan), called on Rev. Mr. Park- 
 man and wife to ask their "approbation of his son Jedu- 
 than proceedings with yr Dauter Lucy." The wedding 
 day was afterwards set for April 21, 1757, but as the 
 authorities appointed this day Fast Day Rev. Mr. Park- 
 man sent word to Capt. Baldwin postponing the date of 
 the wedding. By some chance the letter was not received 
 and Capt. Baldwin did not learn of the postponement 
 until his arrival in Westboro on the 20th. The wedding 
 was solemnized on April 28th, under which date we find 
 the following entry in the diary: 
 
 "Capt. Baldwin Came, accopanyd by his Br Nahum, 
 but his Father & Mother whom I had writ to came not. 
 My son Thomas went to Mr. Stowe of Southb. & brot up 
 
XX MEMOIR 
 
 Miss Huldah. p. m. Mr. Martyn & his wife came. My 
 son Ebr & his wife, at eve Mr. John Martyn junior & his 
 wife and at ye edge of even'g the marriage of my Dauter 
 Lucy was solemnized by Rev. Mr. Martyn." 
 
 Under date of May 2, we find the following entry: 
 "Cold. Capt. Baldwin left us to go to Brookfield to 
 come again not till after election. Miss Huldah still 
 with us, a sober discreet young lady assists Lucy in 
 Quilting a Bed Quilt." 
 
 Mrs. Baldwin remained with her father for a month 
 after the wedding, and then Capt. Baldwin came and 
 took her home to Brookfield. In Rev. Mr. Parkman's 
 diary under date of June 8 we read that: "Capt. Bald- 
 win (wo came a little after midnight) to day takes his 
 wife out in a Chair and yy ride over to Mr. Martyns and 
 return at eve'g p. m. came his Father & Mother; & at 
 ev'g his Uncle Saml. (with whom he served apprentice- 
 ship) yy supped & lodg'd here. I wd view ye kind Hand 
 of Prov. yt wl I was somewt put to't for fresh meat, Mr. 
 Maynd kindly sent me a Qr of veal & some Butter, Mrs. 
 Dolly Rice an old Cheese. Thos. went to Southboro to 
 invite Miss Huldah Stow to go with his sister to Brook- 
 field, but returned without her, it being too short warn- 
 ing, yet longer cd not be given her. Lucy was so ill 
 yesterday yt it was uncertain whether she cd go herself." 
 
MEMOIR XXI 
 
 Under date of June 9 he says: "Still hot and dry. 
 My Dauter Lucy left us, & went with her husband to 
 Brookfield. The Company yt went from home with them 
 were his Father & Mother & Uncle Samuel Baldwin." 
 
 In the part of Rev. Mr. Parkman's diary covering the 
 years 1756 to 1761 frequent mention is made of Capt. 
 Baldwin, who on his way to Boston or elsewhere, would 
 tarry for a day or night with his father in law. 
 
 Capt. Jeduthan Baldwin was in military service 
 throughout the French and Indian war and we find it 
 recorded that he was in service from March to December, 
 1759, and we find references to him in Commissary 
 Wilson's Orderly Book, at the expedition of the British 
 and Provincial Army under Maj. Gen. Jaffrey Amherst 
 against Ticonderoga and Crown Point, 1759. 
 
 In March, 1759, Capt. Baldwin's father died and we 
 find in the Diary the following entries: 
 
 "13. Wn I came home rec. a Letter from my Son 
 Baldwin to inform me yt his Father Baldwin dyd yester- 
 day morning and to desire me to go to ye Funeral to 
 morrow." 
 
 "14. The morning was very stormy snowd & blowd 
 so yt I soon gave up all Thoughts of going to ye Funeral 
 of Br Baldwin neither cd I so much as go to Southboro 
 where I had designed before I reed ye Letter of my Son 
 Baldwin." 
 
SX11 MEMOIR 
 
 After the war Capt. Baldwin went into trading as is 
 shown by the following entries in Rev. Mr. Parkman's 
 diary. 
 
 "Nov. 14. 1760. My Son Baldwin from Boston here 
 is going home with Quantity of goods in his carts, being 
 abt to set up Trading." 
 
 And again under date of February -i. 1761: "Billy 
 set out for Boston in his Master Baldwin's Service." 
 
 "Feb. 7 a very rainy Time, yet at eve'g Billy returned 
 from Boston having loaded up Mr. Waleott. as well as Mr. 
 Bartlett's waggons from Brooktield for his Br Baldwin." 
 
 "Feb. 20. At night in ye Rain comes my son Bald- 
 win <k a negro he has bought of Maj. Curtis of Sudbury, 
 a Chair & 2 Horses so yt he has here at my Barn three 
 Hordes." 
 
 "21. A Rainy morning abt 10 cleared. My Bald- 
 wins & their Negro Set out on their journey afterward it 
 rains again & I fear they will not get home." 
 
 From this time to the opening of the Revolutionary 
 contest we have no knowledge of his movements but we 
 infer that he prospered in his undertakings for during 
 this period we find he bought several parcels of land in 
 Brookfleld and was quite a land owner at the time of 
 the opening of the Revolution. 
 
 It was during this period that he came into possession 
 of a clock, the case of which he is reported to have made 
 
MEMOIR XX111 
 
 himself. The face of the clock bears the inscription 
 "Jedu Baldwin Brookfield 1766." It not only tells the 
 time of day. but also the day of the month. The works 
 are of brass and are said to have come from England. 
 The clock is today in good condition and keeping accu- 
 rate time at the residence of Miss Charlotte A. Baldwin 
 in Bangor, Maine. 
 
 From a Bi-Centennial Oration delivered at West 
 Brooktield. July 4. I860, by Lyman Whiting. D. D.. we 
 learn that on December 7. 1773 a meeting of the citizens 
 of the town was held and two letters were read from the 
 town of Boston. At this meeting a committee of five, of 
 which Capt. Baldwin was one. was appointed to consider 
 and report a proper resolve relating to the importation 
 of tea from Great Britain, "and such other matters as are 
 proper for this town to do at this difficult time." This 
 Committee made the following report with accompanving 
 resolve : 
 
 "We think it our indispensable duty, in the most pub- 
 lic manner to let the world know our utter abhorrence 
 of the last and most detestable scheme, in the introduc- 
 tion of Tea from Great Britain to be peddled out amongst 
 us. by which means we were to be made to swallow a poison 
 more fatal in its effects to the national and political 
 Rights and Privileges of the People of this country, than 
 ratsbane would be to the natural body. 
 
XXIV MEMOIR 
 
 "Therefore, Resolved, that we will riot by any way or 
 means knowingly encourage or promote the sale or con- 
 sumption of any Tea whatever, subject to a duty payable 
 in America, but all persons whoever they may be, who 
 shall be concerned in a transaction so dangerous, shall be 
 held by us in the utmost contempt, and be deemed ene- 
 mies to the well being of this country." 
 
 The authority above mentioned also gives the follow- 
 ing sentences from the report of this committee : 
 
 "Loyalty and fidelity to our most gracious King, 
 George the Third, and due obedience to the government 
 under him, by Divine Providence and by Law established 
 in this Province, we will to the utmost of our power 
 maintain and defend. An uninterrupted Friendship and 
 Commerce with the Country of our Father's nativity, we 
 wish to continue to our latest Generation; but our dear 
 bought rights and privileges we will never tamely give 
 up." Further on they say "of our dearest civil and 
 religious privileges when wrested from us, we shall not 
 think our lives and property too much to be spent in 
 their defence and recovery." 
 
 At a Town Meeting held March 14, 1774, Capt. Jedu- 
 than Baldwin was chosen Town Clerk; also elected one 
 of the Board of five Selectmen; also one of two surveyors 
 of shingles. 
 
MEMOIR XXV 
 
 September 12, 1774, a Committee of Correspondence 
 consisting of eleven members was chosen by the Town 
 and Capt. Baldwin served on this Committee. 
 
 September 26, 1774, Jedidiah Foster Esq., Capt. Jedu- 
 than Baldwin and Phineas Upham were chosen delegates 
 to the Provincial Congress to be held at Concord. This 
 Congress met in Salem on Friday, October 7, 1774, and 
 at once adjourned to meet at the Meeting House in Con- 
 cord. They met here for a week and then adjourned to 
 Cambridge. This Congress was in session till October 
 29th, and then adjourned to November 23. When they 
 met in November it seems to have been difficult to secure 
 the attendance of the members for on the journal of the 
 Congress under date of Friday, November 25th, we find 
 the following resolve: 
 
 "Resolved, that Doct'r Holton, Docfr Foster, Col. 
 Roberson, Capt. Baldwin and Mr. Cushing be a Commit- 
 tee to wait on such Gentlemen of his Majesties Constitu- 
 tional Council of this province, who are now in Town at 
 the request of this Congress, and acquaint them, that 
 this Congress respectfully acknowledge their cheerful 
 attendance but will not be ready to offer any matters for 
 their advice, until a Quorum of that Hon. Board shall 
 appear, and which is soon expected, and that in the mean- 
 time a seat is provided for them in this House if they 
 shall see cause to be present." 
 
XXVI MEMOIR 
 
 This is the only Committee on which we find the name 
 of Capt. Baldwin. This Committee did not meet with 
 much success for on the following day they reported that 
 they had found but two of the absent members in town 
 but had delivered them the message. The Committee 
 were then ordered "to wait on the other Gentlemen of his 
 Majesty's Council invited by this Congress to attend here 
 as they come to Town and inform them of the Resolve of 
 this Congress." 
 
 This Congress finally adjourned December 10, 1774. 
 It was presided over by the Hon. John Hancock. 
 
 At a meeting of the Town held on December 26, 1774, 
 a vote was passed to allow Jeduthan Baldwin i?9-14 for 
 services as delegate to the Provincial Congress at Concord 
 and Cambridge, 45 days. 
 
 In January, 1775, a meeting was held and it was "Voted 
 That the ministers be desired to notify contributions for 
 the Boston sufferers." A committee of three, one from 
 each precinct, was chosen to receive these contributions 
 and transport them to Boston. Jeduthan Baldwin was 
 the member from the Second Precinct or North Brookfield. 
 
 We know not what success the committee as a whole 
 had, but we find in Vol. 4 of the Fourth Series of the 
 Massachusetts Historical Collections the following letter 
 which shows what success crowned the efforts of Capt. 
 Baldwin: 
 
MEMOIR XXV11 
 
 "Brookfield, February 6, 1775. 
 "To the Committee of Donations, 
 "Gentlemen, 
 
 "The bearer, Mr. Ay res, will deliver you 
 30 bushels rye, 14 do. Indian corn, \ bushel beans, and 
 18 cheeses, weight 224 lbs., and two dollars in cash, 
 which I received of the inhabitants of the second precinct 
 in Brookfield, for the suffering poor of Boston, and is the 
 whole that is brought in. There is not a man in this 
 place but wishes you success, and are ready to lend you 
 their assistance to the last extremity. 
 
 " I am your very humble servant, 
 
 "Jedu. Baldwin, Committee." 
 
 In reply a letter was sent, which was a copy of a letter 
 sent to the town of Brookline and which is printed in the 
 collection above referred to. In this letter the committee 
 acknowledge receipt of the contributions and thank the 
 citizens for their generous donation to the people of 
 Boston, "who are now suffering the severity of ministerial 
 vengeance, for nobly exerting themselves in the glorious 
 cause of American liberty. We trust that by the blessing 
 of Heaven, and the kind assistance of our sympathizing 
 and benevolent brethren, in this and the other Colonies, 
 we shall be enabled to stand firm (as we have hitherto 
 done), to the disappointment and disgrace of the enemies 
 
XXV111 MEMOIR 
 
 of America and the liberties of mankind. Accept of our 
 grateful thanks for this mark of your affection and sym- 
 pathy towards us in our unhappy situation. 
 
 "I am with due acknowledgments for the care you have 
 taken, in the name of the Committee, Gentlemen, 
 "Your obliged friend and servant, 
 
 "Thomas Crafts, Jun." 
 
 In 1775 Capt. Baldwin was again at his service with 
 the army as the following letter, the original of which is 
 preserved in the library of the American Antiquarian 
 Society at Worcester, will testify: 
 
 "Camp at Prospect Hill, July 7, 1775. 
 "Dear Sir: Last evening I had the pleasure of hear- 
 ing of your return to Brookfield, by Mr. Sullivan, who 
 informed me that matters were settled agreeably at 
 Ticonderoga, and that the fort was under good circum- 
 stances, after meeting with some opposition with one of 
 the officers. By an invitation from Col. Gridley, I went 
 as an engineer (the 16th of June) upon Bunker Hill, in 
 Charlestown, and threw up a breastwork, and was on that 
 hill the whole of that memorable day. Ye 17th of June, 
 at evening, we retreated out to Prospect Hill, and worked 
 again all that night throwing up breastworks; and I 
 have continued in that service as an engineer to this time. 
 
MEMOIR XXIX 
 
 I propose to stay here about a fortnight; by that time I 
 expect to finish the fortification on this hill, and then I 
 expect to return home, as there is no provision made for 
 me in the army, and the Congress are requested by Gen. 
 Washington not to give out any more commissions. 
 You proposed to me to have another Member chosen to 
 represent Brookfield with you. It would be very agree- 
 able to me to have the favour of the people. 
 
 "I am, Sir, your very humble servant, 
 
 "Jedu'n Baldwin." 
 
 At Bunker Hill his brother Isaac was killed. Isaac 
 Baldwin at the very commencement of the war raised a 
 company of men in Hillsborough, N. H., and brought 
 them to Cambridge. While there with his men a tender 
 belonging to the enemy got aground on the Chelsea ferry 
 ways and he went with twelve of his men in open day in 
 the face of the enemy and burned her, after taking out 
 her guns and sails, by throwing a pitchfork of hay on fire 
 in the cabin windows. Having accomplished this he put 
 his men back one by one and himself brought up the rear 
 under the fire of the British fleet and in this way reached 
 their quarters safely with four of his men wounded. He 
 fought valiantly at Bunker Hill and was shot through the 
 breast and died that night. He is said to have loaded and 
 discharged his musket three times after he was wounded. 
 
XXX MEMOIR 
 
 When his men were carrying him off the field he exhorted 
 them to fight saying " that they would win the day, and 
 he would be with them again directly." He died that 
 night. 
 
 Jeduthan Baldwin was active in planning the work 
 around Boston during its investment and on March 17, 
 1776, he was made assistant engineer with rank of Cap- 
 tain at Cambridge. The diary of his which is here pub- 
 lished commences December 8, 1775, and shows him to 
 have been at Cambridge and vicinity until the middle of 
 March, 1776, when he received orders to go to New York, 
 where he was set at work on the fortifications. April 26, 
 1776, he was placed on the continental establishment with 
 rank and pay of Lieut. Colonel, and ordered to Canada. 
 He went up the Hudson to Albany and by way of Fort 
 Edward and Ticonderoga and down the river Sorell to 
 Shambalee and Sorell. Here he met the army retreating. 
 By the last of July he was back at Ticonderoga and was 
 there at the time of Burgoyne's surrender. September 3, 
 1776, he was made engineer with the rank of colonel. In 
 December, 1776, he returned to his home in Brookfield 
 and in January, 1777, went to Boston and Portsmouth, 
 N. H., but by the first of February he was back at Albany 
 on his way to Lake George. He remained at Lake George 
 until November when he again returned home. He served 
 under Gen. St. Clair at Ticonderoga this year. For the 
 
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MEMOIR XXXI 
 
 next six months we have not his diary, but in July of that 
 year he was in the neighborhood of New York, where he 
 remained the rest of the year. This is as far as this diary 
 goes but the diary of Rev. Ebenezer Parkman for the 
 years 1779 and 1780 has been published and from this 
 we get occasional glimpses of Col. Baldwin, and learn 
 something of his movements. 
 
 In his diary under date of March 14, 1776, he speaks 
 of dining with Mr. Samuel Baldwin at Roxbury. This 
 was Rev. Samuel Baldwin, who was a cousin of his and a 
 Presbyterian clergyman, of whom it is said that he used 
 to carry his arms to church, and on Thanksgiving Day, 
 1775, when addressing the Throne of Grace he thanked 
 the Lord " that there was sufficient hemp in the colonies 
 to hang all the Tories." 
 
 It was while at Ticonderoga in 1776 that he wrote a 
 letter to his daughter Betsey which fortunately has been 
 preserved; a fac simile reproduction of which is given on 
 the opposite page. 
 
 In a book privately issued by the Massachusetts Chap- 
 ters of the Daughters of the Revolution, and which is 
 entitled : Honor Roll of Massachusetts Patriots Hereto- 
 fore Unknown, and which contains a list of men and 
 women who loaned money to the Government during the 
 years 1777-1779, I find the name of Zeduthun Baldwin, 
 which is probably meant for Jeduthan Baldwin, although 
 
XXX11 MEMOIR 
 
 in the list his residence is given as Lancaster instead of 
 Brookfield. 
 
 By Resolve of Congress of March 11, 1779, a Corps of 
 Engineers was formed with three companies of Sappers 
 and Miners, which a Resolve of date of May 27, 1778, 
 had ordered to be raised, all of them to be under the 
 direction of the Chief Engineer. 
 
 It is interesting to note that this Corps was officered 
 almost entirely by Frenchmen, there being but two or 
 possibly three Americans in its list of officers. 
 
 The following were the officers who served in this Corps, 
 as given in Heitman's Historical Register of Officers of 
 the Continental Army, and Hamersly's Army and Navy 
 Register : 
 
 Chief Engineer: Brigadier General Louis Lebique Du- 
 portail. 
 
 Colonel Thaddeus Kosciusko 
 
 Colonel Baileul de la Radiere 
 
 Colonel de Laumoy 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel Cheval de Cambray 
 
 Major Jean Baptiste Obrey de Gouvion 
 
 Major Cheval de Villefranche 
 
 Major John Barnard de Murnan 
 
 Captain Pierre Charles L' Enfant 
 
 Captain Joseph Detzon 
 
 Captain Daniel Nevin 
 
MEMOIR XXX111 
 
 Colonel Jeduthun Baldwin 
 Major Ferdinand de Brahm 
 
 Rev. Mr. Parkman seems to have shared in common 
 with many others at that time the antipathy against Ma- 
 sonry, for under date of May 25 and 26, 1780, we find 
 the following entries in his diary: 
 
 "May 25 I found that my son Breck is a free mason." 
 
 "26 I discover also that my son Sam is, that Capt. 
 Elias and yt Col. Baldwin are." 
 
 We do not know to what lodge Col. Baldwin belonged, 
 having found nothing that would give us information on 
 this point. The only other information we have as to his 
 being a Mason is found in his diary under date of Nov. 4, 
 1777, where he says: " admitted to an Honble Assembly." 
 And again on Nov. 12 he says: " Reed into a Society as 
 a Craftsman." We understand that there were many 
 lodges formed in the army and possibly it was to one of 
 these that he belonged. 
 
 During the year 1780 we find from a Memorandum 
 Book kept by Ebenezer Parkman, Jr., who was with the 
 Revolutionary Army, that Col. Baldwin was during the 
 early part of the year at Morristown, N. J., and in Feb- 
 ruary went to Philadelphia, where he remained a month 
 and then returned to Morristown, going home to Brook- 
 field in June for a few months. In the Fall of 1780 he 
 
XXXIV MEMOIR 
 
 was at West Point with his regiment of artificers. He 
 resigned on April 26, 1782. 
 
 It is reported that it was a member of Col. Baldwin's 
 regiment who made the coffin that Major Andre was 
 buried in. 
 
 Just before the army of the American Revolution was 
 disbanded, at the suggestion of Gen. Knox, the officers 
 formed themselves in April 1783 into a secret society for 
 the purpose of keeping up their friendly intercourse and 
 keeping fresh the heroic memories of the struggle they had 
 been through. They likened themselves to Cincinnatus, 
 who left his plow to lead an army and returned, after his 
 war duties were over, to the plow again. Hence they 
 called themselves The Society of The Cincinnati. They 
 adopted a constitution and formed by-laws and chose Gen. 
 Washington as their first President. Its branches in the 
 several States were to hold meetings each Fourth of July 
 and the general society to hold a meeting every May. 
 The order was to be kept alive by descent through the 
 eldest male representative of the members of the families. 
 In its main intent the Society was to be a kind of masonic 
 brotherhood charged with the duty of aiding the widows 
 and orphans of its members in time of need. The auto- 
 graph list of the original members of the Massachusetts 
 Society, deposited in the safety vault of the New England 
 Historic-Genealogical Society, contains the names of 320 
 
MEMOIR XXXV 
 
 officers and among them is found the name of Col. Jedu- 
 than Baldwin. 
 
 In March, 1784, an academy was organized at Leices- 
 ter, Mass., and in 1786 Col. Baldwin was a contributor 
 to a fund for the academy to the amount of one hundred 
 pounds. 
 
 In a Brief Sketch of the History of Leicester Academy, 
 published by Emory Washburn in 1855, we find a notice 
 of Col. Baldwin which in part is as follows: 
 
 "Col. Jeduthan Baldwin deserves a prominent place in 
 these notices on many accounts. 
 
 "He became a contributor to the fund in the sum above 
 stated, in 1786, to enable the institution to struggle with 
 the embarassments that grew more oppressive, as the cur- 
 rency of the country depreciated, and the general stagna- 
 tion of business paralyzed the industry of the citizen. For 
 this generous and opportune assistance, the trustees passed 
 a vote of thanks, May 23rd, 1787. 
 
 "Colonel Baldwin belonged to Brookfield. He was born 
 in 1731, and died June 4th, 1788. A sermon, commem- 
 orative of his character, was preached by the Rev. Mr. 
 Foster, of New Braintree, which was published. 
 
 "He held, for many years, a prominent station in public 
 life. As a military man, his reputation was distinguished. 
 In the French war, at an early age, he held the commis- 
 sion of captain. 
 
XXXVI MEMOIR 
 
 " He took an active part in the measures of the Revolu- 
 tion, and was a member of the first Provincial Congress 
 that convened in October, 1774. Its records shew that 
 he took a prominent part in its proceedings. 
 
 "He was, moreover, a member of the convention of the 
 committees of correspondence that met at Worcester, in 
 August, 1774, being associated with Judge Jedediah 
 Foster and Capt. Phinehas Upham on that occasion. 
 
 "The importance of these trusts will be understood when 
 it is remembered that, to these congresses and conventions, 
 the government of the province was practically committed 
 for several months after October, 1774, during which 
 time the opposition to the mother country was assuming 
 its form and consistency. 
 
 "He early took part, as a military man, in the revolu- 
 tionary struggle, and, upon the organization of the con- 
 tinental forces, was promoted to the rank of Colonel, in 
 which, it is said, "his conduct procured for him the co-* 
 operation of the first characters, and received the general 
 approbation and esteem of his fellow soldiers and citizens." 
 
 "Surely his name should be held in grateful remem- 
 brance by Leicester Academy for his friendship to her in 
 her weakness and, in a sketch of her history, he deservedly 
 holds a place." 
 
 In 1787 what is known as Shay's Rebellion broke out 
 and the inhabitants of North Brookfield were interested 
 
MEMOIR XXXV11 
 
 spectators, for this Daniel Shay who was at the head of 
 the rebellion was for a time a resident of Brookfield and 
 in 1772 married Abigail Gilbert of that town. While 
 he had many recruits from this section yet prompt and 
 effective aid was rendered the government. Besides a 
 company of infantry from the South Parish and a part of 
 Col. Crafts company of cavalry, there was also a company 
 of volunteers from the town under the command of Col. 
 Jeduthan Baldwin. This company joined to Col. Crafts 
 and conveyed in sleighs did effective work. They were 
 sent to a place called Murrayfield to cut off a supply of 
 provisions destined for the aid of Shay, which was guarded 
 by a detail of soldiers. By making a sudden attack on 
 the place at midnight they captured the whole party with 
 fourteen sleigh loads of provisions, and the next day they 
 pursued and routed what was left of Shay's band. We 
 have preserved a memorandum giving the testimony or a 
 part of it taken at the trial of the insurgents, which was 
 kept by Col. Baldwin. 
 
 At a town meeting in Brookfield held December 26, 
 1786, a Report was adopted and forwarded to the Gover- 
 nor praying for an Act of indemnity in favor of the Insur- 
 gents, and this was followed about a month later by a 
 Protest signed by ninety-six of the inhabitants of the town. 
 
 Col. Baldwin died at North Brookfield June 4, 1788, 
 and on his tombstone we find the following inscription: 
 
XXXV111 MEMOIR 
 
 Be it remembered 
 
 that 
 
 Here lies the Body of 
 
 Jeduthun Baldwin Esq. 
 
 Col & Engineer in the late 
 
 American war 
 
 Who died June the 4th 1788 
 
 Aged 56 
 
 He was a true Patriot 
 
 an intripid soldier 
 
 an exemplary Christian 
 
 and a friend to all mankind 
 
 Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord 
 
 The North Brookfield minister being absent his funeral 
 sermon was preached by the Rev. Daniel Foster A. M. 
 from the neighboring town of New Braintree. The sermon 
 was printed in Worcester in 1789 by Edward E. Powars, 
 and I have been fortunate enough to find a copy of it. 
 
 The title page of the sermon is as follows : 
 
 Consolation in Adversity and Hope in Death. A Ser- 
 mon Preached at the Funeral of Jeduthan Baldwin Esq. 
 At Brookfield, June 6th, 1788, Who Died June 4th, 
 aetat. 57. By Daniel Foster, A. M. Pastor of the Church 
 in New Braintree. 
 
MEMOIR XXXIX 
 
 "Thy dead men shall live; together with my dead body, 
 shall they arise: awake and sing, ye that dwelt in the 
 dust; for thy dew is as the dew of herbs, and the earth 
 shall east out the dead." 
 
 Prophet Isaiah. 
 
 "Wherefore comfort one another with these words." 
 
 St. Paul. 
 
 The sermon also bears the following dedication : 
 
 "To Mrs. Lucy Baldwin, Bereaved Relict of Jeduthan 
 Baldwin, Esquire, and to his surviving Son and Daughter, 
 this Sermon delivered at his Funeral, and now by their 
 desire published, is respectfully inscribed, by their sym- 
 pathizing friend, The Author." 
 
 Besides the two children mentioned in the dedication, 
 he had two other children, one of whom, Jeduthan, was 
 killed by being thrown from a cart October 31, 1763, 
 in the 6th year of his age. In the sermon he is spoken 
 of as "in an instant flung out of time into eternity." The 
 other child was Isaac who died April 1st, 1783, aged 19. 
 A foot note to one of the pages of the sermon says of 
 him; "He was a senior sophister in the University of 
 Cambridge, a youth of an amiable disposition, studious 
 and exemplary, greatly beloved by all his acquaintance 
 while living, and much lamented now dead." 
 
xl MEMOIR 
 
 The surviving son above referred to was Luke Baldwin 
 concerning whom we find the following entry in the diary 
 of Rev. E. Parkman under date of Sept. 13, 1779: 
 
 "Luke Baldwin from Brook field and lodges, a pretty, 
 agreeable, hopeful lad. May God make him a great 
 Blessing." 
 
 Luke afterwards moved to the West Parish where the 
 book of records kept in the Library building at North 
 Brookfield says he built a magnificent house. Early in 
 the nineteenth century he went to Boston to live, where 
 he remained until his death in 1832. He left a large 
 family and one of his sons, Thomas W. moved to Bangor, 
 Maine, in 1837, and resided there until his death in 1874. 
 He was the father of the editor of this volume. 
 
 We think we cannot close this Memoir better than by 
 giving the following obituary notice, which appeared in 
 the Massachusetts Spy, a newspaper published in Worcester 
 under date of June 19, 1788: 
 
 "Brookfield, June 11th, 1788. 
 "Died in this town, on the 4th day of June inst. Jedu- 
 than Baldwin, Esq.; in the 57th year of his age; and on 
 the Friday following his remains were decently interred, 
 in the presence of a large concourse of his friends and 
 neighbours, who assembled on that sorrowful occasion to 
 pay their last tribute of affection and esteem to a worthy 
 
MEMOIR xli 
 
 man ; at which time (the Clergymen of the town of Brook- 
 field being absent) a pathetic k and well adapted discourse 
 was delivered, in the north parish meeting house, by the 
 Rev. Daniel Foster of New Braintree, from Job xiv 10. — 
 lint man dieih and wasteth away ; yea, man giveth up the 
 ghost, and where is he ? 
 
 "Such are the feelings of the human heart, that when a 
 good man is arrested by the cold hand of death, and laid 
 in the silent mansion of the dead, his friends forget his 
 foibles, and his enemies, unless they are more cruel than 
 the grave, cannot but remember his virtues. When an 
 intimate friend and a pleasant companion is taken from 
 our arms, and shut out from our society, we may be too 
 apt to be partial in a description of his merits; Hence 
 it is, that so little regard is often with propriety had to 
 the descriptions of this kind on such occasions. Idle then 
 would be the hope of raising a man's character in the 
 eye of the world by painting his accomplishments in 
 lively colours. Happy are they who need not the pen 
 of an ingenious composuist to perpetuate their memory — 
 whose life has impressed on the minds of all who knew 
 them, an indelible remembrance of a good name. Yet, 
 to be silent on the departure of a man of uncommon 
 worth, though it might not affect the memory of the 
 deceased, would discover a too careless attention to virtue 
 itself. 
 
xlH MEMOIR 
 
 "Col. Baldwin, from his youth, has ever discovered 
 himself to be a man of ingenuity, firmness and fidelity, in 
 whatever office or employment he has been engaged. In 
 the early part of his life he proved himself a friend to his 
 country, and a faithful subject to the government under 
 which he was born, by risking his life in its defence against 
 the French; in which war, raised by his merit, though a 
 youth, he was honoured with a Captain's commission. 
 Early in the contest between Great Britain and the 
 United States, he discovered himself a friend to the rights 
 of humanity, and an unshaken advocate for the liberties 
 of America. On the first alarm of war, when danger 
 invaded his country, he drew his sword in its defence, nor 
 did he return it to its sheath until he saw an accomplish- 
 ment of his wishes in the establishment of the freedom 
 and independence of the United States. His conduct as 
 a Colonel in the continental army during the war pro- 
 cured him the confidence of the first characters, and 
 secured the general approbation and esteem of his fellow 
 soldiers and citizens. He cheerfully endured the hard- 
 ships of the camp and the fatigues of war, in the pleasing 
 hope, that America, by the patriotick exertions of her 
 sons, would become an asylum for the opprest, and the 
 delightful land of freedom and felicity; - — in this hope he 
 has ever stood ready to step forth and resist every measure 
 which he conceived had a tendency to blast these pleasing 
 
memoir xliii 
 
 prospects. But alas! just as these beautiful scenes are 
 opening — while his fellow citizens are rejoicing in the 
 expectation of a speedy establishment of liberty and 
 national prosperity — in the midst of his days, he is cut off, 
 and his eyes are closed from terrestrial scenes ! But though 
 he has not lived to share the rewards due to his merit in 
 this world, his friends may console themselves in the full 
 persuasion, that his posterity shall inherit the blessings 
 for which he fought, and that he himself, in a better 
 world, shall be adorned with unfading laurels— for Col. 
 Baldwin was not only a soldier and a patriot, but he was 
 a christian; free from that bigotry and contractedness of 
 mind which too often blemishes the character of the 
 serious and devout followers of the Saviour of Mankind, 
 he was a strict and careful observer of the principles of 
 Christianity; he was liberal in his sentiments, and his 
 life was exemplary; his mind was clear and candid; he 
 was cool and deliberate in forming his resolutions, open 
 and frank in declaring them, and steady and persevering 
 in the carrying them into effect; his judgement was ever 
 the most esteemed and regarded by those who had the 
 pleasure of being the best acquainted with him; though 
 agreeable in his manners, and manly in his address, yet a 
 slight acquaintance was insufficient to discover his real 
 worth; the virtues in which he most excelled were those 
 which most adorn the human mind — in the social virtues 
 
xliv MEMOIR 
 
 he shone with peculiar lustre; his house was the mansion 
 of hospitality — he was a pleasant companion — an affec- 
 tionate husband — an indulgent parent — and a faithful 
 friend ; — he was a man of sensibility — he had a feeling 
 heart, and a friendly hand — even the tongue of envy dare 
 not but say, the virtues of humanity were his — then let his 
 enemies tread lightly on the turf and let his friends, with 
 sympathetick tears, bedew the sods that cover the poor 
 mans friend. " 
 
 Since writing this Memoir announcement has been made 
 by the War Department that the new Fort at the mouth 
 of the Kennebec River, Maine, is named Fort Baldwin in 
 honor and recognition of the services rendered in the 
 War of the Revolution by Col. Jeduthan Baldwin. This 
 was brought about through the efforts of Col. John H. 
 Calef, U. S. A., retired, who is a descendant of Col. 
 Baldwin and has been earnest in his endeavors to have 
 such recognition made. 
 
FUNERAL SERMON 
 
CONSOLATION in AD VERS ITT, 
 
 AND 
 HOPE j»i DEATH. 
 
 A 
 
 S E 
 
 PREACHED AT THE 
 
 FUNERAL 
 
 O F 
 
 JEDUTHAN BALDWIN, Efq. 
 
 At BROOKFIELD, June 6th, 178&. 
 Who DIED June 4th, JEtat. 57. 
 
 By DANIEL FOSTER, A. M. 
 
 PASTOR of thk Church in NEW-BRAINTREE. 
 
 " Thy dead men ftiall live ; together with my dead iody, 
 /ball they arife : awake and fg, ye that dwell in -be du/l ;■ 
 /or thy dew is as the dew of kerbs, and the earth pall cafi 
 .out the dead. 1 * Prophet ISAIAH, 
 
 " Wberefove comfort one another with tbefe words." 
 
 St. PAUL. 
 
 Co.MMONWEA TH OF MASSACHUSETTS .' 
 
 Worcester: Prihtid by EDWARD E. POWARP- 
 
 M,DCC,U!TX1X. 
 FACSIMILE OF TITLE PAGE OF FUNERAL SERMON 
 
FUNEBAL SERMCXN 
 
 Job xiv. 10. 
 
 " But MAN dieth, and wasteth away ; yea, Man giveth up the ghosth, 
 and where is he?" — 
 
 THE providence that has called us together this day, is 
 truly solemn and interesting; and the scene por- 
 trayed before our eyes, gloomy and affecting — Not much 
 unlike that which caused the SAVIOUR of the world, 
 when he stood amidst weeping friends at the grave, to drop 
 a tear — We have consigned to the silent grave, 'till the 
 heavens are no more, the wasted remains of our Friend 
 and Brother — And are come now to the house of GOD, 
 like the disciples of John, to tell JESUS. 
 
 In this chapter, there is a most melancholly account of 
 human nature — Few are the days of man upon earth, 
 and they are filled up with anxiety and trouble. There 
 is a pathetick prayer in the vi. verse, That GOD would 
 turn away his afflicting hand from him, that he may have 
 some present ease and comfort; or, that he might cease 
 
xlviii FUNERAL SERMON 
 
 to live, and find that longed-for point of time, when he 
 should be dismissed from sorrow, and introduced to a 
 better world. In the vii. verse, he is compared to a tree, 
 and his condition considered to be more hopeless than the 
 trees that are cut down; if it were not for another life 
 and world. 
 
 But man dieth, is xoeakened, or cut off; yea, man giveth 
 tip the ghost, or spirit, and xvhere is he? 
 
 He, who was endued with reason and understanding, 
 memory and judgement; who was capable of reflecting 
 upon his own actions, and contemplating the works of the 
 DEITY; he who was the Husband, the Father, the Friend, 
 conversant with us a few days ago, and animated with 
 the same hopes, and filled with the same fears that we 
 now are — where is he f 
 
 We have, in the text, with its connection, expressed 
 the state and condition of man in this world, represented 
 as a state of disappointment and trouble: — His end, or 
 departure out of it — he dieth and wasteth away; — 
 
 And a strong implication that he is somewhere in the 
 dominions of JEHOVAH, has still a conscious existence, 
 and his spirit is with the FATHER OF SPIRITS— He 
 giveth up the ghost, and where is he? 
 
 1. The state and condition of man in this world is 
 represented as a state of disappointment and trouble. 
 
 Since sin has stained and tarnished the beauty of this 
 
FUNERAL SERMON xlix 
 
 lower creation, debased and degraded the noble nature 
 of man, this life is little else than a scene of sorrow and 
 inconvenience. 
 
 The Apostle informs us of the entrance of sin into the 
 world, and the dire train of evils that hover round the 
 human race, in consequence thereof. 
 
 Indeed, every part of the universe feels the sad effects 
 of the original apostacy ; and no part more than the body 
 and mind of man. — "In Adam all die." 
 
 The story of man, is a short and pitiful one indeed. — 
 Ask thy father, and he will tell thee — Go with me to the 
 Egyptian coast, and hear Pharoah question the patriarch 
 Jacob — " How old 'art thou?" See the venerable old man 
 rise and bow to the king, and hear the simple and affect- 
 ing story of his life — "Few, and evil, have the days of the 
 years of my life been. " 
 
 We are born with pain and trouble to our parents, and 
 inconvenience to ourselves; and a great part of our time 
 in this world is past before we arrive to years fit for moral 
 and religious improvements. 
 
 How anxious and uneasy are youth, in climbing the hill 
 of life, and eager in grasping after the phantom, HAPPI- 
 NESS; 'till some sad disappointment, some alarming prov- 
 idence, reduces them to a just sense of things. And no 
 sooner do we arrive at manhood, the meridian of our days, 
 than new and unexpected scenes of trouble open upon us. 
 
1 FUNERAL SERMON 
 
 The husband is called to administer to the wife of his 
 youth, in the agonies of death : — At the same time, endeav- 
 ouring to calm the breasts of his little distressed family, 
 till the eloquent sigh, the expressive throb, the insensible 
 tear prevent. 
 
 The wife, in her turn, to close the eyes of her beloved 
 husband, the joy of her heart, and comfort of her days. — 
 The knot of sympathy and friendship is untied by the 
 cruel hand of death — clusters of woes break in upon her, 
 and her grief is insupportable! — O, my fatherless children, 
 who will care for you in this unrelenting world. — I will 
 go mourning all my days, 'till kind death close the scene 
 of grief. 
 
 Sometimes the happy, the afflicted pair, walk hand in 
 hand, to the silent grave, after a darling son, whom they 
 said should comfort them concerning the work of their 
 hands, close their eyes, and inherit their substance. And 
 children, often, by their sin, and undutifulness to their 
 parents cause the greatest grief, yea, bring their gray 
 hairs, with sorrow, down to the grave. And parents, by 
 their folly and vanity, cause pious children to tremble at 
 the scene that death is ready to open upon them. 
 
 If we add to these, the fear of greater evils, that of 
 death in special, we shall be induced to say — "Man that 
 is bom of a woman, is of few days, and fall of trouble. " 
 
 There are, besides these, calamities common to all men, 
 
FUNERAL SERMON H 
 
 particular afflictions, those have, who live godly in 
 CHRIST JESUS. 
 
 True Christians have great trials and troubles, arising 
 from a sense of their ignorance, imperfection and sin. — 
 Yea, this is the greatest burden of their lives. — They often 
 pray with David— "Create in me a clean heart" — weep 
 with Peter, when they have, in any instances been left, 
 practically, to deny CHRIST; — and groan with the 
 Apostle, t( 0, wretched man that I am /" 
 
 Wicked men likewise, add to the miseries of life, evils, 
 of which they have no comfortable hope, there will be a 
 redress at death. When they sacrifice the rights of con- 
 science, violate God's holy law, drown their reason by 
 intemperance, polute their bodies by debauchery, break 
 marriage vows, betray virgin innocency; and live in 
 neglect of the great Salvation, their consciences read them 
 lectures of shame, remorse and horror. — The thought of 
 death, fills them with a chilling fear. — "They travel in 
 pain all their days, a dreadful sound is in their ears, in 
 prosperity the destroyer cometh upon them." 
 
 And when men have, with pain and trouble, travelled 
 the tiresome journey of life, 'til they come to the close. 
 
 2. Their departure is gloomy — 'Tis so on account of 
 what takes place before, and likewise what follows after. 
 
 Pain, uneasiness, and old age, are often the herbingers 
 of death, and proclaim that a dissolution is at hand. — 
 
Hi FUNERAL SERMON 
 
 Under these, they groan, being burdened, "Let me alone 
 for my days are vanity.'''' The little the best of men 
 know, in this life, of the enjoyments and employments of 
 the world to come, increases the pain of dying. 
 
 The doubts and fears, likewise, that cloud their minds, 
 concerning their preparedness to leave the world, are no 
 small ingredients in the sorrows of a death-bed! "Not 
 that I would be unclothed saith the Apostle, but clothed 
 upon.' 1 '' And the same Apostle tells us of those, "zvho 
 through fear of death, were all their life time subject to 
 bondage.'''' The light which we have by the coming and 
 death of CHRIST, and the glorious declarations of the 
 Gospel, concerning another world, are great and animat- 
 ing; but they do not entirely dispel the horror, and 
 scatter the gloom that hang over death and the grave. 
 
 When we waste away and die, there is likewise occa- 
 sion given to the living of sorrow and grief, tears are a 
 tribute due to the dead, "because man goeth to his long 
 home, the mourners go about the streets.'''' GOD has ever 
 tolerated mourning for the dead. The whole congrega- 
 tion of Israel mourned for Moses and Aaron, and when 
 the man of GOD was dead, the Prophet took up his car- 
 cass and laid it in his own grave, "and they mourned 
 over him, saying, alas, my brother." And under the 
 present dispensation, we find, "devout men carried Stephen 
 to his burial, and made great lamentation over him." 
 
FUNERAL SERMON 
 
 liii 
 
 And our BLESSED LORD set us the example at the 
 grave of Lazarus his friend. 
 
 It is solemn to die likewise, for after death, "THE 
 JUDGEMENT." The judgement that men pass upon 
 their actions in this world, when their passions run in 
 their own proper channel, is a prelude to the judgement 
 of GOD! Scripture, reason, and the unequal distribu- 
 tions of rewards and punishments in this world, declare 
 for a judgement to come, and strenuously implead the 
 doctrine of an intermediate space between the death of 
 the body, and the rewards and punishments of the life to 
 come. 
 
 But 3. We are taught in the text, that man has still 
 a conscious existence, and his spirit is with the Father of 
 Spirits. 
 
 Man is made up of two constituent parts, body and 
 soul. His body was taken from the earth, but his soul 
 came from heaven. This is the account Divine Revela- 
 tion gives, in addition to the law and light of nature. 
 "And the LORD GOD formed man of the dust of the 
 ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, 
 and man became a living soul. " The body was curiously 
 formed by the finger of GOD; but his spirit, the immor- 
 tal inhabitant, came immediately from GOD. 
 
 "There is a spirit in man, says Elihu, and the inspira- 
 tion of the Almighty giveth them understanding." 
 
Hv FUNERAL SERMON 
 
 The sacred pages inform us also, what will take place 
 at death, the body dieth and wasteth away, and the spirit 
 is given up. "Then shall the dust return to the dust as it 
 xvas, and the spirit to GOD who gave it." GOD has 
 been giving intimations of another life and world in dif- 
 ferent dispensations, from the morning of time down to 
 this day. Before the giving of the law, He took that 
 eminent Prophet and faithful preacher of righteousness, 
 Enoch, from this sinful world to his heavenly habitation; 
 which was an evidence to the men of that generation, of 
 another life, of the care GOD took of the bodies of his 
 people, and of a resurrection. 
 
 Under the law, to revive the sense of another world, 
 and the resurrection of the body GOD sent a convoy of 
 angels to conduct the prophet Elijah from this guilty 
 globe to more noble employments in the upper world — 
 "And Elijah xoent up by a whirlwind into heaven.'''' And 
 under this dispensation, the greatest that was ever born 
 of a woman, was put to death in the flesh — JESUS, the 
 Resurrection and the Life, visited the tomb, and explored 
 the silent mansions of the dead; but this Prisoner proved 
 too mighty for the King of Terrors; on the third day he 
 revived, he burst asunder the marble bars of death, came 
 forth, and shewed himself the very CHRIST. 
 
 Now there is a new face put upon GOD'S economy 
 with mankind; and the darkness and uncertainty that 
 
FUNERAL SERMON lv 
 
 hung over the person; the doctrines of the SAVIOUR, 
 and the world to come, are removed: He has bought the 
 grave, it is no longer a prison, but a house, yea, his inner 
 chamber, here the saints of the Most High God may rest 
 in hope, till the last grand revolution. When he, who 
 in his humiliation wore a crown of thorns, and by his 
 sufferings, procured the keys of death and hell, shall come 
 in the clouds of heaven, with a crown the resplendent rays 
 of which shall dash out yonder sun, and quench all the 
 lamp of heaven, accompanied with the archangel, and the 
 trump of God; whose blast shall awake their slumbers 
 and reanimate their dust: Then "that which was sown in 
 dishonor, shall be raised in pozver, " and that saying brought 
 to pass, "O grave I will be thy destruction.'''' 
 
 Here, christian friends, is consolation under all the 
 pressures of time, and a balance for the inconveniences 
 of this world; Here is hope for the children of God, by 
 regeneration, in the hour of death; and from hence we 
 may draw our comfort concerning our friends who have 
 fallen asleep in Jesus — " Wherefore comfort one another 
 with these words.'''' 
 
 Permit me to subjoin a few reflections. 
 
 1. What we have heard, should teach us a lesson of 
 humility and submission. It is for sin, that God inflicts 
 all these natural evils upon us; and his design is to induce 
 us to hate sin, wean us from this world, and attach us to 
 
lvi FUNERAL SERMON 
 
 a better. Here we are in a state of trial and probation, 
 training up for another life; and it does not become us 
 to repine and grieve at the evils that befall us here; they 
 may be productive of our happiness through the whole 
 term of our existence. 
 
 2. We should not be over-awed at the appearance of 
 death: It will free us from all the sorrows, pains, dis- 
 appointments and sufferings of this life, and introduce us 
 into joys unspeakable and full of glory : Our bodies will 
 rest quietly in the grave, with "kings and counsellors of the 
 earth, who built desolate places for themselves," and our 
 spirits will join the general assembly and church of the 
 first born in heaven, where we shall have no painful 
 remembrance of the wormwood and the gall, that were 
 given us to drink in this world! 
 
 3. We should take comfort concerning our friends 
 who sleep in Jesus. All that death has done, is to change 
 the mode of their existence: — From living in bodies, and 
 conversing with us, they join with angels, and converse 
 with the spirits of just men made perfect; They are set 
 at liberty from all the sorrows of this lower world; their 
 faculties are enlarged, and they see and know what we 
 desire to, the result of God's dispensations with angels 
 and men. 
 
 Death has reached all their virtues and graces into the 
 finishing hand of Eternity, where they are produced before 
 
FUNERAL SERMON lvii 
 
 Him, who is appointed Heir of all things, and Judge of 
 the world, with approbation and applause. — And their 
 bodies that were purchased by Christ, and the temples 
 of the Holy Ghost, shall come forth at the dawn of ever- 
 lasting day, beautiful and immortal, fashioned like unto 
 Christ's glorious body: Yes, their faithful monuments 
 will render back their dust, and with their bodies, their 
 characters shall rise, and their righteousness go forth. 
 This being the case with our friends who have died in the 
 Lord, why should we stop at the grave to mourn? Rather 
 let us, with Jacob, go on our journey. The first monu- 
 ment ever erected for the dead, was that which Jacob set 
 on the grave of Rachel — "And Jacob set a pillar on her 
 grave, that is the pillar of Rachel's grave to this day, and 
 Israel journeyed. " So should we go on to serve God and 
 our generation, and gather fruit to eternal life; then we 
 shall be blessed at our death and our bodies will rest in 
 hope. 
 
 But it is time that I speak to those who are this day in 
 mourning, especially to the bereaved companion of him 
 whom we have interred in the silent grave. 
 
 MADAM, 
 
 Various are the scenes that have passed over you since 
 you were connected with him, who is now no more, by 
 the most tender and sacred ties. — Hand in hand, has he 
 gone with you through the greatest part, by far, it may 
 
lviii FUNERAL SERMON 
 
 be, of your days, and has assisted you to bear up under 
 former troubles. When your help and expectations were 
 dashed in a moment, and your soul filled with sorrow, 
 because your beloved son was, in an instant flung out of 
 time into eternity, he bore a part, and relieved your 
 burden in a great measure: — And, before you had forgot 
 him, another promising son, who had almost completed 
 his education, wasted away and gave up the ghost in 
 your embraces. — In these afflictions, your spirit, assisted 
 and supported by your wise and faithful companion, now 
 with his children, sustained your infirmity: — But, now 
 your spirit is troubled, — "Jnd a wounded spirit who can 
 bear?" 
 
 Your house is left this day desolate and mourns! and 
 you are left alone to draw out the remainder of your days 
 in sorrow — Alone did I say, no; for what is the voice 
 from Heaven?—"/ will be GOD of the widow. "—To GOD 
 we commend you, in all your trials, may He make up 
 your loss in the enjoyment of Himself, and prepare you 
 by his grace for that world where the difference of sexes 
 is not known; "but arc all like the angels of GOD in 
 Heaven!'''' Hark! does not your spouse speak from yon- 
 der loansome place where we have laid him! — Weep not 
 for me, but for yourself and your children ! — He is beyond 
 your cares and prayers, and needs not your tears. Turn 
 your attention then to your house, set that in order, for 
 
FUNERAL SERMON lix 
 
 you are soon to follow him, and your sleep will be together 
 in the dust. — Your parting is but short, if you wait a few 
 years longer, the grave will be your house, make your 
 bed therefore in darkness, do what your hands find to do, 
 for in the grave there is no work. 
 
 Secure an interest in Him who is the Resurrection and 
 the Life, and be a follower of all those who through faith 
 and patience inherit the promises; then your dying groans 
 will introduce you to the songs of angels. 
 
 In the next place, I would speak a few words to the 
 children of the deceased. 
 My young Friends, 
 
 This is to you such a day as you never before saw. — 
 Your tender and indulgent Father, the guide of your 
 youth, whom you honored and loved, is taken from you — 
 you will see his face no more! — No more hear his faithful 
 warnings, his kind admonitions, and his fervent prayers! — 
 You cannot be so unmindful of him, as not frequently to 
 call up to your minds his hollow, dying groans, his wasted 
 remains, and the day of his burial: — When these things 
 occur to your minds, reflect how he would wish to have 
 you live, and consider him, though dead, as yet speaking 
 to you — "Be ye also ready. " — Your time in this world is 
 short, your days few and evil, soon they will be numbered 
 and finished, and you will go down to the grave to him. 
 Seek after the God of your father, and serve him with a 
 
lx FUNERAL SERMON 
 
 perfect heart. Make religion the business of your early 
 days, then God will have a favour for you. " Thus saith 
 the Lwd, I remember the kindness of thy youth. " Let the 
 world be better for you while you are in it, then your 
 death will be precious in the sight of the Lord. Emulate 
 the virtues of your father, and be in special tender and 
 careful of your infirm and bereaved mother; remember 
 she brought you into the world with pain, nursed you and 
 rocked your cradle in hope that you would comfort her: — 
 Now is the time for you to accomplish her desires and 
 expectations: — In your turn, therefore, rock the cradle 
 of her old age, comfort and support her that her soul may 
 bless you before she dies. 
 
 He, who before he entered on his sufferings, committed 
 the care of his mother to the beloved disciple, Saint John, 
 does this day, in his providence, commit the care of your 
 mother, to you, her only Son. Be faithful to the trust 
 reposed in you, that you may have peace in your own 
 mind, and before you a glorious prospect. Remember 
 you have a more noble part to act on the theatre of eter- 
 nity ; raise up your views, therefore, to the elevated scenes 
 of immortal existence; and while passing through this 
 world, cultivate an heavenly temper, that your death bed 
 may be comfortable, and your eternity blessed! — Your 
 young and tender years, your animating prospects of 
 enjoying the good things of this world, are no security 
 
FUNERAL SERMON lxi 
 
 against the darts of death, or the attacks of misfortune. — 
 Use this world therefore as not abusing of it, for the fash- 
 ion of this world passeth away. 
 
 Let other mourners realize the voice of GOD in this 
 dispensation of his holy providence, and prepare to follow 
 their departed friend. — O, that we may all be wise in 
 time, and consider our latter end. 
 
 Concerning our friend that has fallen asleep — we trust 
 in Jesus. — I am warranted to say, that from his youth, 
 such were his abilities and conduct, that he was justly 
 esteemed by all that knew him. — This appears from the 
 honor conferred on him, the trust reposed in him, and 
 the many departments assigned to him to act in, for the 
 public good. And in every station, he conducted with 
 honor to himself, and advantage to the public. When 
 the oppressive measures of the British ministry rendered 
 it necessary for us, that we might secure the liberties and 
 privileges GOD and Nature had given us, to oppose with 
 force, he stepped forth, took an active part, and with 
 wisdom, prudence and undaunted courage, pressed on 
 through the whole war, 'till the scene of blood was closed, 
 and America declared independent! — And if you would 
 call up former days, when a cloud hung over this land, 
 and your hearts palpitated with fear, for yourselves, your 
 helpless children, your aged parents, and the ark of GOD ; 
 and see this man animating, encouraging, and leading on 
 
lxii FUNERAL SERMON 
 
 to the fight our virtuous sons, that he might secure to us 
 what we now enjoy — you would go to his grave and 
 weep. — "How is the mighty fallen, and his weapons of zvar 
 perished!'''' — He was a sociable, improving companion, a 
 true and faithful friend; a firm believer in the religion 
 of Jesus, a devout attendant at his table, and one that 
 constantly worshipped God with his house. He was one 
 that studied to make and keep peace in the church, as 
 his fellow disciples know, if they would testify. 
 
 This Commonwealth has lost, in him, a wise and faith- 
 ful Magistrate, and this church a worthy and benevolent 
 Brother: His wife has lost a kind and affectionate hus- 
 band, and his children a tender and indulgent father. — I 
 visited him on the day of his death, and though unable 
 to say much, whispered, "That he was satisfied with life, 
 entirely resigned to the will of GOD, trusted through His 
 mercy, and the merits of CHRIST, that he should have an 
 inheritance among the saints in light — prayed for patience, 
 and that he might hope to the end, — and added, that death 
 was not terrible to him. " 
 
 Let us all be followers of him, wherein he followed 
 CHRIST. 
 
 I am unwilling to dismiss this crowded assembly, 'till 
 I remind you of the necessity of being actually prepared 
 for death ! — On the slender thread of life eternal concerns 
 hang! — If you would have hope in your death, you must 
 
FUNERAL SERMON lxiii 
 
 have renewing grace in your hearts! You cannot enter 
 into the kingdom of Heaven unless you are born again ! — 
 Our sins must be pardoned thro' the blood of CHRIST, 
 and we justified by the grace of GOD, and sanctified and 
 sealed by the Holy Spirit of Promise; or we may not look 
 for a calm evening of life, or an unclouded morning at 
 the opening of Eternal Day ! But if we seek after and 
 find the knowledge of GOD and our LORD JESUS 
 CHRIST, at the close of life, when we stand on the thresh- 
 old of Eternity, we may, with hope and comfort, send 
 up our souls to that GLORIOUS BEING, who gave 
 them, — and our flesh shall rest in hope, 'till the last solemn 
 scene open upon this little ball ! — When peals of thunder, 
 such as have not been heard since sin entered into the 
 world, shall play round the Universe; — mountains melt 
 down like wax — and hills and seas return — and the open- 
 ing Heavens give place for the second coming of the 
 BETHLEHEM BABE, the Calvary Master, the Heir 
 of all Things, the Judge of the World. 
 
 Then our bodies shall be called forth, and united to 
 their old companions, and we appear at the Judgment 
 Seat. — May we find Mercy of the LORD at that day! 
 
 AMEN. 
 
REVOLUTTONABY JOURNAL OF 
 COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 
 
REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 
 
 XAECEMBER 1, 1755 I Workt a clearing out the 
 perade. Caried out the Chips Without the gate & 
 onto the wall begun Around the Perade. 
 
 2 Draw the Timber of the perade up onto the Wall 
 & hald. 2 Logs out of the Lake for Bords. 
 
 3 the Coll. moved into his house. I was Puld Down 
 with others By a rope, the Well Laid out, Brought into 
 the Camp 187 oxen 
 
 4 Being Thanksgiving at NB. I was Comanding offi- 
 cer for to Day & had the Care of killing the Cattle, We 
 Kild a large Number of the Oxen. Laid the Sills of our 
 house 
 
 5 I Went to Killing Cattle With all the men. the 
 Drovers Went of. Capt Fay Went of home With many 
 of the Sick. 
 
 6 I went to work at my house. Ensign Stone Died 
 and Was Buried, the rest of the Catel are kild 
 
4 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 7 I Workt at my house. 
 
 8 I Was officer of the Day. the Beasts Cut up and 
 Salted. Capt Whiting Lodged in his house. Several 
 horses Came in for the Sick & Coll. Fay. my Chimny 
 Begun, Mayger Kingsbury Moved into his house yester- 
 day. Pleasant Wether. I Was very Poorly. Went to 
 David Stones Funeral, Who died in the morning. 
 
 9 Nothing Remarkable hapend. I Workt at My house 
 Cuting & Salting Beef. I finisht my house. Moved in. 
 Several horses Came in for the Sick from Coneticut. herd 
 of Coll. Bagly at fort Edward. 
 
 11 we Cleard the Perade had all the men under arms. 
 Moved S Brown Corpl Metcalf & Thos Layton & Benjn 
 Dolber out of the fort Sick. Went to meet Coll Bagly 
 2j Miles Down towards fort Edward 
 
 Deer 12 Hald in Col. Plasteds house for a Guard 
 house. 
 
 13 thro'd Chips onto the Wall to make room for the 
 Beef, in the forenoon I Was tak Sick, in the afternoon 
 I Had 2 Blisters Drawd & Polticed, in the Evning 
 Exceeding Bad. 
 
 15 Being Sabath. I Grew Worse my fever Seteled 
 Which was a Slow fever. I had an Extreem Pain in my 
 head. & Body very much Bound. I continued Loosing 
 my Strength & flesh till the 28 Day by Which time I 
 Was Brought almost to the Gates of the Grave. But God 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 5 
 
 apeard for me & Bles't the means Used for my Recovery. 
 I had 2 Doctors, Dr. Bliss & gott. I was Well taken care 
 of & my fever Brook ye 28 Day of Deer & then I Begun 
 to Recover Begun to gain Strength but Sloly till the 01 of 
 Janary 1756. by this time I had a good Stomach to my 
 vituals tho Bound in my Body for Wh I took Physic every 
 morning, the 28 of Deer there came in one Desarter. 
 Janry ye 8 of Janry came in a nother. 
 
 10 I eat Some pancakes Wch Lay in my Stomach & 
 hurt me very much. 
 
 11 my victuals Did not Digest. Being Sabath it Was 
 Spent in Prepairing to Send letters and much as others 
 have Ben here in time past in Labour. 
 
 12 Being the 30 Day Since I Walkt a broad blessed 
 be God for his Great Goodness in Rasing me from a Bed 
 of Sickness to Such a measure of health as that I have 
 bin this Day to Walk out of Doers. 
 
 this morning When the Gun fier'd Liet Smith & Eight 
 men went of, after one of the men had Carelessly Shot 
 Sergt Miller in the Leg, a flesh Wound — for Albany 
 With Letters. 
 
 13 I went a broad & was very Comfortable. Dr. 
 Bliss came from fort Edward. 
 
 14 Capt Engersoll Came from albany, Brot me 2 
 letters from my father & a nother from my uncle, it 
 Rained hard all Day in Showers. 
 
6 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 15 my Brother N. Baldwin was Drooping, it Was 
 very pleasant Weather. 
 
 16 it Was Wether Pleasant. Brother N. Baldn took 
 
 17 Physick. it sno'd in the after Noon & it was Warm* 
 Jf@P James Clerk Died in the after noon Son to John 
 Clerk, he belongs to Pelham, Came into the army from 
 Chester, a post with privet letters wt of in the night. 
 
 Decembr ye 1th 1755 Nathaniel Brown from Waltham 
 Was taken Sick took Physick ye 7 of Deer & Died the 
 18th Day in the morning. 
 
 17 Isaac Pratt was not well. 
 
 18 Being Lords Day. I Was officer of the Day. 
 there was no Publick work Done all was Still & it Seemed 
 a little Like Sabath it was the most Like Sabath of any 
 I have Seen Since I have ben here. 
 
 g@ rr> James Clerk Was Decently Enterd. it's a Spring 
 Like Day. Dr. Bliss Went to Fort Edward. 
 
 19 I went the Grand rounds: in the morn, about \ 
 after 6. o'clock We was all allaramed by Capt Rogerses 
 fiering as he came in on the Lake from ye Lake Cham- 
 plain Where he took 2 Prisoners & Brought them in with 
 him. it Rain'd in the after noon. I Began to Draw a 
 plan of the fort. 
 
 20 It Was a Wet Day a Scout chast by the Indians 
 at South Bay yt Wt from Fort Edward. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN i 
 
 21 Cold & Cloudy, Capt. Rogers Lost a man yt 
 Went into F Edward 
 
 Jg^P" at Night We had a Dance. 
 
 22 a pleasant Day finisht ye Well. 
 
 23 finisht the Plan of the fort. I was officer of the 
 Day. 
 
 24 fetcht wood over the Lake the wind was South & 
 Warm. 
 
 25 Being Lords Day it Was Spent as others with 
 many. 
 
 Putnam punisht for Disobeying. 
 
 26 Lieut Smith Came from Albany With Letters. 
 27 
 
 28 
 
 29 Capt Rogers & 50 men Went a Scout. Joseph 
 Bask Left 2 Dolars and 4 Coppars With me. 
 
 30 two of the Scout Returned, at evening Cleard 
 the Parade. 
 
 31 two of the Gunners Desarted & was Brought Back 
 about one hour after. 
 
 Feb 1 Lieut Wood well & 16 of the Carpenters Went 
 of for home Caried 2 prisoners to albany. 
 
 5 Capt Rogers Scout came in With one Prisoner Left 
 one Sick. 6 waggons came in. 
 
 6 I Went to Bring in the Sick. Samll Lion Was 
 Drownded. 5 of my men Wt Down in the Wagons. 
 
8 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 Samll Sheppard, Win. Barrat, Benaiah Studson, Jesse 
 fletcher, Francis Fletcher Wnt home. 
 
 7 Nothing Extraordinary Hapined. 
 
 8 Being Lord's Day. the Hospittal Was Begun, the 
 Ground Lade oute. 
 
 12 I Went a Scout with 21 men onto the top of ye 
 mountains. Sergt Call Brook in the Dungeon. 
 
 14 John Doty put under guard. 
 
 15 Being Lords Day all Recreation as well as Labour 
 forbiden. Ensign Fales Died & was Buried. John 
 Doughty tryed & Red 10 Lashes. 
 
 16 I had a letter from S Baldwin. Capt Whiting 
 Wt to fort Edward. 
 
 17 25 Wagons came in. Shot at marks. 2 french- 
 men Came in from Crn poit. 
 
 18 the Wagons Wt of. Liet Brown With ye 2 
 french Wt to albana. 
 
 19 I Wt to Capt Rogerses to Diner. 
 
 20 Capt Whiting With Capt Engersoll came up. 
 
 21 I Went of With Capt Whiting to fort Edward 
 about Eleven o'clock at Night with 16 men. 
 
 22 Being Lords Day, I taryed at fort Edward. Peo- 
 ple were very modist. Coll Whiting Wt home. 
 
 23 att fort Edward in the afternoon I went with 6 
 Gentlemen to find a Road Down ye River Returned at 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN V 
 
 night Went to ye Coffe House with all ye Gentn. Revd 
 Mr Norton Came to ye fort. 
 
 24 I With 16 men Set of for fort Wm. Henry With 
 Capt Putman & ten men for South Bay & fort Wm Henry 
 
 6 to Carralong. He came up ye Road With me four 
 miles & then turned out East for S. Bay. I got Home at 
 Sunset. 
 
 for 3 or 4 Days cold weather. 
 
 27 Capt Putman came in. 
 
 28 We fixt for a Scout 15 Days. 
 
 29 Capt Putnam Joind Capt Rogers, myself & Capt 
 Parker & we marcht With 60 men towards Crown Point 
 N. N. E. 12 miles. 
 
 March 1 We Sent back 5 of our men Not well, we 
 marcht North 10 miles. Saw a Wolf Chase a Deer into 
 the water, past Capt Putnams Enterueil Where the indian 
 town of trade, Mass house, cross & Camps all Standing, 
 very fine lands, then aldered N. N. West 4 miles. 
 
 2 we Set out about Sun rise marcht over a very Large 
 mountain Cald Parkers mount, traveld N. all Day about 
 10 miles campt on low land loged not in a fither-bed but 
 on hem lock boughs. 
 
 3 we Set out about Sun an hour high traveld N be W. 
 
 7 miles, came over Several Large mountains this Day in 
 the after part of the Day we marcht N. N. E. 6 miles a 
 
10 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 Snow fell to Day about 4 inches Deep which made it very 
 Slipery & Wett. 
 
 4 traveled N. E. 11 miles to Day. 
 
 5th We marched N. E. till about 11 o clock & then 
 We came in Sight of Crown point 8 miles then we altered 
 our Cours & marched N. 6 miles. Logd in sight of 
 Crown point without tier, it Snowed in the fore part of 
 the Day But Soon Went of again. 
 
 6 about 2 o clock in the morning as we went to Cross 
 the Lake in order to Way lay a Road on the E. Side (for 
 we by Information Expected to find a Small Villiage on 
 the west Side about 10 or 15 miles Down N. from crown 
 point but there is none) — Capt Rogers fell of a Legg of 
 Rocks into the Lake 26 feet With much Difficulty he 
 gott out but it Prevented our Crossing this morning for 
 the Ice was too Weak. 
 
 7 Being Lords Day. we had kep very clost all the 
 Day before only as we moved to the Edg of the Lake \ 
 a mile in order to try to get over this morning. Capt. 
 Rogers With 3 men went to See if the Ice would Bare us 
 over about 3 o'clock in the morning but found the ice 
 too week, we concluded to go and waylay the Road from 
 Crown Point to the Caralong marcht S 12 miles to the 
 Road Where we Lay just be low the Villiage till into nite 
 
 8 about 4 o clock in the morning we marcht lj mile 
 to the upper Villiage but we hid our Packs on the Point 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 11 
 
 at a Barn the fields was Plowed which we went thro' & 
 made a large track. I Kept in a house with 21 men 
 Capt Rogers Capt Putnam & Capt Parker Kep in a Barn 
 about N. E. 80 Rods with 34 men Expicting Every min- 
 ute to take a Prisoner. 
 
 Capt Rogers & Capt Parker Wt 3 Scouts this Day but 
 could find none of the french out of Reach of there Canon, 
 we Kept Very clost till after Sunset Without Victuals or 
 Drink, about 9 o clock at Night we Set fier to 9 Barnes 
 & 2 houses (in the Barnes Were Large Quantitys of 
 wheet, Oats and Some pees) & then we came of about S 
 b W 4 miles, in the 2d barn Set on fier was an indian 
 a Sleep which was Burnt So that we had to carry him. 
 Logd on Wett land. Lay cold. 
 
 9 Marched about South 18 miles Waded through a 
 River carryed the man Burnt Very much. We followed 
 the Enemy for Several miles. Logd without fier. 
 
 10 we concluded to Leave Capt Putnam Capt Rogers 
 & 6 men (& the man that was burnt Nigh the Lake) in 
 order to find a good wagon Road to or by the Caralong 
 and I was to Liad the Scout home & Send Down Battoes 
 in the Lake for them. I traveld S. W. 6 miles crost the 
 Notch of the mountains marcht W. 3 miles came to 
 Putnams Brook marcht S. 6 miles, in the morning we 
 crosst a Road the french & Indian Scout of 160 had 
 made the Day before, Who was allaramed by the Great 
 
12 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 fiers at Crown point a Monday Evening, & there Cannon 
 about Day Break a tuesday morning, we lay about half 
 a mile this night from where the french Campt a tuesday 
 night they wrote on the trees that if they could catch us 
 they would Burn us or we Should them Directly. 
 
 We Loged this nite without Camp. 
 
 11 Marcht S. S. W. 18 miles got to fort Wm Henry 
 about 2 o clock in the after noon the men very Weak & 
 faint haveing Nothing to Eat for Some time. 
 
 13 the men under armes Coll Bagleys letters Reed & 
 one of ye Govnt acts. 
 
 14 Being Lords Day. Writeing Letters to Send 
 home hardly anything of Religion to be Seen. Capt 
 Rogers came home with Capt Putnam & Smith, about 
 1 o clock in the morning Capt House Capt Ingersoll & 
 Capt Mason set out for Boston. 
 
 15 Capt Rogers Set out for Boston about Sunset 
 Capt Putnam to the other fort. 
 
 16 nothing Remarkable hapined. Ensign Taylor 
 Set out to fort Edward with 25 men to bring up Sauce 
 to this fort Wm Henry. 
 
 17 The Mohawks Went a Scouting, Set our Potts 
 
 18 for fish it being Very Pleasant Weather. 
 
 19 all hands Getting Wood. 4 of the Mohawks 
 came Back. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 13 
 
 20 Ensign Taylor came in from fort Edward With 
 Sauce for ye Coll. 
 
 21 Being Lords Day, Cloudy Weather. 
 
 22 We cleared out all the Barracks & the men Shifted. 
 
 23 Salting Beaf, Pitching tents. 
 
 24 it Snowed, the 4 indians came in from ticonder- 
 oga With a french Scelp also inform of 3 large party s 
 coming out from that Place Lately. 
 
 25 theire came in 20 odd wagons loaded with Sale 
 chiefly. Salting Beef. Lieut. Wade & Smith, News of 
 Swago being a tact. 
 
 26 all hands to Getting Wood, in the fore noon the 
 Wagons went Down all But three With Lieut. Smith, Sar- 
 jant Peter Jineson Wt home, about 2 o'clock we was 
 allarmed by the mohoaks tiering that Went Down With 
 the Wagons, Sent 2 men Down to fort Edward to See 
 what the News was. 
 
 27 all hands to Salting Beef, a Scout of 43 men from 
 fort Edward at 3 o'clock came here Brought News that 
 the Indians had Scalpt 2 men Belonging to fort Edward 
 about 5 miles Down the River in Moses Crick Who were 
 after fish in a battoe they were Killed in the morning, 
 about 5 o'clock in the afternoon Lieut Smith Returnd 
 with 8 or 10 wagon Loaded with Rum & molasses & 
 Shugar. the Scout from fort Edward went Directly up 
 the lake in battoes in order to way Lay Nigh the mouth 
 
14 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 of wood crick, we Sent a Scout Lieut Poor with 10 men 
 Down the west Side at 8 o'clock at night. 
 
 28 being Lords Day. all hands to cutting wood the 
 Wagons to bringing it home in the fore noon & Beeting 
 up for volenteers in the afternoon. 2 men this morning 
 from Fort Edward bringing News of 300 of the Enemys 
 waylaying the Road between Fort Edward & Saratogue. 
 a Mohawk came from General Johnson Brings no news, 
 we Sent about noon 4 men in the burch canoe to over 
 take the party that went out yesterday. 
 
 29 all hands Getting Cooper Stough. the Scouts 
 came in at night. 
 
 30 all hands getting Cooper Stough. Capt Grant & 
 Hobby with there party went to fort Edward. 
 
 31 Snoed two men Went to Albana. 
 April 1 Very cold. 
 
 2 Capt Parker Went after cooper Stough With all 
 hands but gott But little. 
 
 3 Went after Sader for Whaleboats. 
 
 4 Being Lords Day I Servd the Lord with all my 
 Might. 
 
 5 all hands to work I hewed Seeder Loggs to be 
 Sawd. 
 
 6 Went in the Barge With Lieut Poor & others for 
 Pleasure it was Very Squalley & Bad Sailing. 
 
 7 in the morning I went over the Lake after Cooper 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 15 
 
 Stough Lieut Oggdin came up & Brought the Sorrowfull 
 Nievvs of the Death of Dr. Samll Brigham of Marlboro. 
 
 8 Lieut oggdon Went of for albany I Reed 2 letters 
 yesterday & two this morning two from my father one 
 from my uncle Samll B. & one from John Martyn Jr Jo 
 Bush Died. 
 
 9 I went over the Lake after Cooper Stough Set a 
 colpit in the after Noon 
 
 10 I Went Down the Lake to Wheelers Island after 
 hooppoles With Lieut Smith, Ensign Sellon, Taylor & 
 Glasier. a Campeign Went with the Berge & 4 Battoes. 
 11 ( James Archable \ 
 
 James Mc neal > 
 Sergt 1 John Mitchell ) of Londondary 
 ^ Isaac Callon of Springfield 
 
 Wm. Benit of Framingham 
 
 & Jonathan Sillaway 
 Set out on a Scout Down the Lake 
 
 12 Monday morning about 10 minutes after four 
 o clock the Sentrys heard 3 or 4 guns fierd Down the 
 Lake, Soon after a whole realey of 30 or 40 guns to 
 geather, after that Several Scatering guns, we concluded 
 Mc neal was beset & Sent Lieut Poor Down with 9 men 
 in two Batoes to See what the tiering was they went of at 
 6 o clock and came Back at 2 o clock in the after noon 
 with the Bodies of Mc neal, Callon & Benit, Which they 
 
16 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 found Dead on an island about 12 miles Down the Lake, 
 they Were all Stript Shot Scalpt and cut in the most 
 awfull maner we Doubled our guards this night, apost 
 Went Down. Gj h en. We suppose the other three 
 are Either killed or taken as they are not found. 
 
 13 Sarjt Akins came in in the morning, in the after- 
 noon we fitted up our guns & about Dusk Sergt Darling 
 with 7 men Went a Scout on the East mountains Down 
 the Lake, he & the men with him See many Enemy & 
 heard more, Several of them followed them up within 
 half a gun shot of the fort we fierd an allaram f after 
 Eigh o'clock at night. 
 
 14 Serjt alien came crost from fort Edward with one 
 man more, came away at 12 o'clock at night, & got here 
 about 3 o'clock, we fierd a nother alaram \ after 4 
 o'clock this morning. Cleard out all the york armes, 
 filld Sand baggs, Layd 2 platform & made all the prep- 
 aration for an attackt that is possible, the Enemy apear 
 very Bold and Dareing. 
 
 15 a Long Storm of Rain holds for Several Days in 
 which time they make no apearance the Blew at N. E. 
 which caused the Lake to Run Very high & continued 
 
 21 till the 20, all the officers of the Garrison agreed 
 to take there turns to Stand one in Each Bastin 2 hour 
 at a time Every Night all night. 
 
 22 Serjt Akin Wt to 'tother fort. Derling Shot all 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 17 
 
 the french at the uper Hand See the Smoaks on the Side 
 of the mountain. 
 
 23 heard Dogg Bark. J. Fletcher Died. 
 
 24 Lieut Rogers With 20 men came up, 5 of our 
 Serjts. 
 
 25 Lords Day. Sent 2 men Down East to Albany 
 at Night. 
 
 26 monday the men Slung their Packs to go home 
 
 27 Cetcht a Large Number of Fish Cleard the Gar- 
 rison 
 
 28 Saw Batoes or canoes go off from the uper Island 
 Abel Brown Died & was Buried ye Same Day 
 
 29 
 
 30 a post from Albany Brings News of Rleiefs 
 coming. 
 
 May 1 Raney Day 
 
 2 Being Lords Day. Indian canoes Seen Down ye 
 Lake 
 
 3 Cleared out ye Garrison 
 
 4 James Fowler Died in the morning 4 o clock 
 
 Deer. 8 1775 Bought Cloth for Great coat. 
 
 Deer. 10 1775 Reed. 68 Dollars, Rashon money, 
 paid Hide for Oliver's 1 Coat, Blanket & Sundry articles, 
 & a pair of Long Breaches. 
 
 11 finish the Fortification on Cobble Hill. 2 
 
18 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 12 Begun the causey at Leachmor Neck 
 
 13 Began the Covered Way onto Leachmor hill. 
 Col. Glover 3 Regt. & Capt. Foster Compy of the Train 
 Marched for Marblehead, upon hearing of 3 men of War 
 lying at that place, bought a Watch for 8i?. 
 
 14 workt on leachmor point 4 went in the afternoon 
 to Dotchester point to See the mashine to blow up Snip- 
 ing, but as it was not finished, it was not put into the 
 water. 
 
 15 Came from Dotchester & went to Leachmor point 
 to work. Reed a letter from Jesse Cutter. Oliver' 
 Shirts & Geese from Brookfd. 
 
 16 Stakt. out the Fort on Leachmor point. 
 
 17 went to work on Leachmor point, it was Very 
 Foggy in the fornoon, & when the Fog cleared away we 
 had a Very havey fire from the Ships, & from Boston but 
 thro' Divine goodness we Reed by little damage. Abel 
 Woods was wounded in the Crotch or thigh, workt all 
 night, got our men covered. 
 
 18 went down in the afternoon to Leachmor. Wrote 
 to Mr. Forbes. 
 
 19 Went upon Leachmor point to work, a No of 
 Shot & Shells were thrown from Bunker Hill & from 
 Boston at us & at Coble Hill, many of the Shot lodgd in 
 our Brest work, & some of the Bumbs Brok high in the 
 are & 2 near our works, but no Mischief done this Day. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 19 
 
 20 went upon Leachmor Point we reed a No of 24 lb 
 Shot from Boston into our breastwork & others Just went 
 over all in a direct line hit the wall. Several Bumbs 
 burst in the air, one was thrown from Bunker Hill into 
 Cambg by Phineys Regt. 13 inch which did not bust 
 went to see Abel Woods found him Comfortable, bought 
 cups & Glass Ware for 7/6. 
 
 21 went to Leachmor point in the morning, went to 
 Watertown in the afternoon, it was Very cold this Day. 
 the enemy did not fire at us this Day. 
 
 22 at home Reed Betseys Letter Wrote by Dr. H. 
 bought 6 yds of Garlic 28/ & Sent it to Brookfield. 
 
 23 went to Leachmor point in the morning. Wore 
 Genl. Putnams 5 great coat. Majr Durkee 6 went Home 
 with Capt. Waterman & Lt Bigham. 
 
 24 Lords Day & a very Snowy cold Day. Cut down 
 the orchard at Leachmor point, & laid the trees round 
 the fort had 4 oxen Drowned coming of ye point. 
 
 25 a Very cold Day. Dind with Genl. Putnam, 
 went upon leachmor Point at Sunset, & then went to 
 Genl Washing, in the Evning. found & Skind ye 4 
 drownded oxen. 
 
 26 went to Leachmor point. Laid a platform for the 
 Great Morter workt at the bridge, the Day fair & 
 extreem cold. Dind with Genl. Washington & Lady. 
 
20 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 27 went to Watertown, paid 10 Dollars to pattin. 
 Col. Comings Lodged with me. 
 
 28 went to Leachmor point finished the Bridge & 2 
 platforms in ye loer Baston. 
 
 29 Laid one platform for a morter in ye loer Baston 
 & a platform for a cannon in ye upper Baston at Leach- 
 mor point. Cold. 
 
 30 cut out two embrasures at Leachmor point, a No 
 of guns heard of at Sea, Supposed to be Ships coming in, 
 or privateers Engaged. 
 
 31 Lords Day it Rained in the morning. No fateague 
 this Day went to Meeting Mr. Leonard Preacht from 
 Exodus 111 & 10. 
 
 Jany 1 1776 the Old Troops went of & left the lines 
 bair in Some parts, cold 
 
 2 Took a plan of the Fortification at leachmor point, 
 warm pleasant Day. 
 
 3 went with 40 men to work at Leachmor in the fore- 
 noon & to Watertown in ye afternoon, a warm pleasant Day. 
 
 4 to leachmor point cast the embrasures 
 
 5 went to the half moon Batery at Inmans Point, a 
 pleasant Day. 
 
 6 to Inmans point & to lechmor point, a Very windy 
 Day. 
 
 7 Lords Day, wort the Surceler Battery on Inmans 
 point, & Cut out the obtuce ambrasure in the upper Bas- 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 21 
 
 tion on Lechmor point, & throwd down the Stone wall 
 there, took a plan of Cobble Hill Fort. 
 
 8 finished the Sircular Battery at Inmans Point, & 
 workt with 100 men at Lechmor p. Laid out the west 
 Redoubt in the corner of the orchard at Lechmor point. 
 Major Knowlton " with a number of officers & Men crosst 
 the Milldam to Charlstown & Burnt eight Houses & other 
 of the Buildings there which made a great light, left 
 only 6 houses remaining. 
 
 9 Begun upon the west redoubt on L. Point it Raind 
 several Showers this Day & cleard off cold just at night 
 when the wind rose & was very high. 
 
 10 had 5 teems carting Sodds, laid them in the new 
 works, layd the Abertee round the new works, cased the 
 ambrasure in the uper Redout, & Maised the Epolimey 
 there, this Day Excessive cold and windy. 
 
 11 Workt at Lechmor point. Drawd in Abatree 
 Brok ground for the new work, finished laying out the 
 work with Stones, it raind & Snowd in the Evning, & 
 was a cold Day. 
 
 12 workt at Lechmor pint had 100 Rifelmen to work 
 with us 200 from Prospect Hill 8 which made 300 in all, but 
 found the Ground very hard frosen a foot thick in general, 
 the oxen workt well this Day raw cold Chilley wind, Col. 
 Miflin gave me a Quire of paper to Draw plans on. 
 
 13 Workt at Lechmor point had 4 teems carting 
 
22 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 Sods, laid out 2 ambrasures in the west Redoubt. Capt. 
 Dier & Lt. Grey 9 came down & Joined us. 
 
 14 Lords Day, workt at Lechmor point Breakfasted, 
 & Supt with Genl Putnam in company with Col Trum- 
 ball, Mr Hutchison, Majr Cary 10 , Mrs Morgan, Capt 
 Abbott 11 & Lady, & Mr Webb. 
 
 15 Workt at Lechmor point it was a Raw cold Day 
 and Snowd some. Col Little 12 & Col Serjant 13 were offi- 
 cers of the works. Reed an order from Genl Putnam 
 for wine, the order as follows, viz: 
 
 To Commisery Avery Sir 
 
 Deliver Col. Baldwin fifteen Gallons of Wine, which is 
 
 necessary for health & comfort, he being every Day at 
 
 the works in this Cold Season, 
 
 Cambridge Jany 12, 1776. 
 
 Israel Putnam M. G. 
 
 a great Whirrawing in Boston, pulling down housen in 
 Charlston & in Boston. 
 
 16 workt at Lechmor point. Majr. Megraw officer 
 of the works, a Very Still calm Day a great Stir & 
 Noyse in Boston, we Doubled our Guards in front this 
 night. 
 
 17 paid David Kelly 2/6 in full for Shaving & agreed 
 for his Shaving & Dressing hair Every Day for 8/ a 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 
 
 23 
 
 Quarter, workt at Lechmor point Majr Maclary officer 
 of the Fateague a very thick fog till about 2 o clock & 
 then the wind at west cleard of the fog & it raind & 
 Snowd & was a Stormey afternoon & evning. 
 
 18 Reed, the News of the Death of Sister Forbes by 
 Dr. Rogers. Wrote to Father Parkman 14 & Mrs. Bald- 
 win. Comisary Avery & Mr. Grey Dind with me. no 
 fateague this Day at Lechmor pint, Reed, the news of the 
 Death of Genl. Magomery & others before Quebeck ye 
 30 of Deer. 
 
 19 went to work at leachmor pint the ground was 
 frosen 22 inches Deep as hard as a rock, & in one night 
 it frose in the trench 8 inches deep so that we pryed up 
 cakes of frosen Earth 9 feet Long & 3 feet broad, it was 
 fair but very cold this Day. 
 
 20 workt. all Day at Lechmor point this Day clear & 
 cold, could not dig Sods in the marsh it was so frosen. 
 
 21 Lords Day, Stayd at home wrote to Mr. Forbes & 
 Mrs. Baldwin. 13 Ingions came from Canady to see 
 Genl. Washington it was a cold Day went to Col. 
 Gridleys 15 in the Evning. Drank Coffey, & then went 
 to Genl. Heaths 16 , spent the remainder of the evning. 
 
 22 workt. at Lechmor with a large party. Genl. 
 Washington, Putnam & Gates 17 , with several other Gentn 
 came down to see the works, the ground was frosen in 2 
 feet deep and excessive hard, in some places, the men got 
 
24 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 thro the frost, & in other places they did not all, Day 
 rold up an old wall into a line for a brestwork very cold 
 & high tide this Day. 
 
 23 workt. at lechmor pint, 13 of the Cocknawager 
 Indians came to see the works, the Regulars in Boston 
 exerrcised on Boston Comon, & went thro many firings, 
 the Day pleasant but a raw cold chilley wind, the ground 
 excessive hard frosen. 
 
 24. workt. at Leachmor point, cut Sods had 5 teems 
 carting sods, a Topsel Schooner was brought by the Ice 
 up charls River to new boston with the Tide before she 
 got clear of the Ice. 8 men made there escape from the 
 AdmaraP Ship. 
 
 25 went to Lechmor point in the fornoon took a 
 draft of Fort No 1 & No 2 in the afternoon. Col. Dur- 
 kee, Lt. Bingham & other officers came into Camp. 
 
 26 Mr. Leonard Came into town. Attended prayers 
 this Morning, the Fateague men all Employed in Polling 
 up wood & housing Coal &c. I went to Lechmor but no 
 work there. 
 
 27 Made a Plan of Lechmor point, this Day Very 
 Cold but fair. 
 
 28 Lords Day, went to Meeting Mr. Leonai'd preached. 
 & in his Sermon Addressed ye close of his Discource to a 
 number of Indians present. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 25 
 
 29 went to watertown with Joseph Newell. Sent by 
 him a bag of old Cloaths & a box and firkin, heard 
 that 22 Companies of Regulars wer gone to New York. 
 
 30 workt at Lechmor pint. 
 
 31 workt at Do. got leave of absents from camp ye 
 Day. 
 
 Feby 1 1776 Set out for Brookfield in the Morg. 
 Dind at Wistown 18 Capt. Baldwins, drank Coffey at 
 Northboro, Lodgd at Shrewsbury. 19 
 
 2 Breakfasted at Worcester. Dind at Leicester at 
 Mr. Tods with Mr. Allen who accompanied me to my 
 house, found my family well. 
 
 3 at home. 
 
 4 at home, went to meeting heard Mr. Appelton 
 preach from 1 Peter 3 & 7. 
 
 5 went to the South parish to Mrs Welches Capt 
 Uphams 20 & Revd. Mr. Fish. 
 
 6 at home. 
 
 7 at home. 
 
 8 Set out for Cambridge, Lodgd at Shrewsbury. 
 
 9 dind at Framingham Col Buckminsters 21 callt at 
 Robert Jenesons & Mr Pigeons, waited upon Genl put- 
 nam & Washington. 
 
 10 at home in camp, it Stormd Some. 
 
 11 Lords Day. workt at Lechmor pint it was a 
 cold Day, the ground frosen very hard 28 inches deep* 
 
26 
 
 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 we made Very large mines under the frosen Surfice to get 
 Earth to fill the parripets, the outsides of which was 
 partly raised with Stone & part with timber. 
 
 12 at lechmor pint. pict. up the Regulars bullets 
 fired towards lechmor on the Ice one man got 80, another 
 60, & many others got large Numbers, the Genl. officers 
 went upon Dotchester pint. 22 
 
 13 workt. at lechmor. Genl. Washington with a No. 
 of the Genl. Officers came upon the pint, found a good 
 bridg of Ice to Boston. 
 
 14 at day Break I arose by the light of 4 fires Shin- 
 ing into my Chamber Windows, Supposed to be housen 
 in Boston set on fire by our people, but about 10 o'clock 
 were informd. that a 2 Detachments of Regulars one from 
 the Castle 23 the other from Boston 10 or 1200 in all, 
 landed at Dotchester point & attempted to take our guard, 
 but were disapinted & they Set fire to 8 or 10 Housen on 
 that pint & retreated to the Castle again, a Snowey Day. 
 I at home, no fateague to Day. 
 
 15 workt. at Lechmor. Col Durkee taken Sick, one 
 of our men fell thro' the Ice near Boston, but after 15 
 minutes he got out himself, bought 50 lemmons 12/ Col 
 Holden officer of ye Fateague. 
 
 16 workt. at Lechmor. Mr. Leonard 24 & Dr. Foster 
 came to See the works, the Chanel open up into the bay 
 between Lechmor & Boston 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 27 
 
 17 workt. at Lechmor. Genl. Washington, Putnam 
 & Gates came Down to See the works ordered a Guard 
 house to be built. Reed. Mr. Forbes letters. 
 
 18 Lords Day. Workt. at Lechmor began the Guard 
 House & diging to Set it in. I went to Meeting in the 
 afternoon. 
 
 19 Workt. at Lechmor. afternoon I went to Newton, 
 a prusian came into our Camp. 
 
 20 workt. at Lechmor point dug round & undermind 
 large pieces of frosen Earth which we rold out on Skids 
 of Several Tons weight each, in diging for the Guard 
 house, a fine pleasant Day. 
 
 21 workt. at Lechmor. 200 men orderd for guard at 
 this place, a fine pleasant Day Wind S. W. 
 
 22 workt. at Lechmor. laid up the Timber upon the 
 Polmong befor the guard House a Snowey wet uncom- 
 fortable Day. 
 
 23 workt. at Lechmor. Raisd. the Guard House 3 
 prisoners taken at Roxbury. pleasant Day. 
 
 24 workt at Lechmor. the Carpenters at work on the 
 guard house a person from Boston confirms the Intelli- 
 gence that the Regulars were prepairing to imbark. the 
 Vessels were Wooded & waterd. ready for a Voyge with 
 the chief of the heavey Artillery on bord. 
 
 25 went to Meeting in the forenoon & to Lechmor in 
 the afternoon began the Chimney. 
 
28 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 26 workt. at Lechmor. Discovered the Enemy build- 
 ing a battery on the high ground East from the Maga- 
 zene at West Boston, where they workt. very Briskly but 
 the air being thick & foggey we could not see clearly at 
 Evning Reed, orders to go to Dotchester in the morning 
 after I had waited on Genl. Washn. 
 
 27 went to Roxbury & Dotchester point lodgd. with 
 Col. Learnard in Roxbury. 
 
 28 went to Dotchester point. Reed, orders to have 
 Every thing prepaird. to take post at that place, went to 
 Cambridge in ye Evning. 
 
 29 went to Dotchester, orderd platforms Laid at Cam- 
 bridge. 
 
 March 1 at Roxbury Laying Platforns for Cannon & 
 2 for Morters. 
 
 2 Building Bumb Batteries, went upon Dotchester 
 Hills 25 with ye Generals reed, there Instructions Dind with 
 them at Genl Thomases. 26 Pulld. down 2 buildings on 
 Roxbury neck in ye Evning. filld. the ambrasures with 
 Abbatree, throd. Shels & Shot into Boston. Split 3 mor- 
 ters this Evning. 
 
 3 at Roxbury. a No. of Shot & Shells thrown this 
 Day into Boston. Lieut. Bingham was buried this Day. 
 had everything in readiness for taking post at Dotchester 
 this Night the Congress was split with the 3d Shell or 
 shells thrown from her. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 29 
 
 4 prepairing for taking post, an alaram by the regu- 
 lars by bots going round to New boston went upon Dotch- 
 ester Hill in ye afternoon the army Came on at dusk with 
 280 carts & wagons with the materials for the fortifica- 
 tions. 6 works thrown up this night at different places 
 on the Hills & high ground a very Great work for one 
 Night 
 
 5 workt. on Dotchester point an alarm about Noon 
 by the Sniping sailing down & Regulars embarking on 
 bord. one Man had his hand Shot off*. 
 
 6 workt. this Day at Dotchester point genl. Wash- 
 ington, Putnam with other Genl. officers was Down to See 
 us. Raisd 2 Barraks. 
 
 7 workt. at Dotchester point. 
 
 8 workt. at Dotchester point, began a battery on Bat- 
 tery Hill, proposed taking post at Nook Hill. 27 
 
 9 at Do laid out a Battery on the point towards the 
 Castle. Laid out a Work on Nook hill which was pro- 
 posed to be done this night, but soon after dusk a Very 
 heavy cannonade began at Boston over nook Hill. Killd. 
 4 Men. among the Slain was Doer Doal of Lancaster & 
 
 Adams of Brookfd. the Cannonade lasted all night 
 very heavy. 
 
 10 at Do, 30 Ships under Sail at once going down, a 
 great Stir in Boston geting Stough on bord the Ships & 
 
30 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 by all appearance prepairing to depart, attempted to take 
 post on Nook Hill. 
 
 11 at Dotchester, firing all night, opined a battery. 
 
 12 atempted to take post on Nook hill, firing all 
 night. 
 
 13 at Dotchester point. Reed, orders for to go to 
 New York, went to Watertown Reed. 9. 15. for ye Se- 
 lectmen for gunns. 
 
 14 at Cambridge. Reed, a Warrant for 116| of 
 Dollars for Service as Engineer in the Continentall army 
 to the 14th of March Inclusive, went to Roxbury Dind 
 at Genl. Wards, 28 with Revd. Mr. Saml. Baldwin. 29 Reed, 
 a Very friendly Letter from Mr. John Adams Esqr. 30 of 
 the Congress at Philidelphia. Reed, the money above 
 mentioned at Evning. bought a Horse & Saddlebaggs. 
 many things ought to have been noticed from the 4th 
 Day of March to this time which in a hurry have been 
 omited, but peculiar preservation cannot be forgotten by 
 the person Sensible of his preservation. 
 
 20 paid at Lt. Scotts 31 of Palmer for Supper, Lodging 
 
 & horse 0. 2. 5 
 
 Chapin 1 breakfast & horse hay, 0. 1. 2 
 
 Eli dined horse oats. 0. 1. 
 
 21 Lodgd. Supt. Breakfast & horse at Hart- 
 
 ford Benja. 0. 2. 6 
 
 22 willingsford Supper Lod. horse. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 31 
 
 23 Lodgd. fairfield 32 Cables, Dind at Bates. 
 
 24 Lodgd. at Capt Knaps, Horseneck. 
 
 25 Dind at Kings Bridge. Lodgd. at New York Supt. 
 with Genl. Thomson Genl. my Lord Sterling 33 & a No of 
 other Gentn. 
 
 26 Rode in Company with my Lord Sterling & Col. 
 Smith with a No. of other Gentn to view the works round 
 the Sitty & at the west End of Long Island. Dind with 
 Genl. Thomson. Lodgd. at Stocktoms in Broad Street 
 below ye Town Hall. 
 
 27 went round to the Several works in Town & out 
 to the Fort at Hellgate or Horns hook where we dind. 
 
 28 wrote Mr. John Adams. Laid out some work on 
 Ship battery Hill, at Coll. Smiths wedding. Lodgd with 
 Capt. Badlem 
 
 29 Rode round the works with the Genls. in ye fore- 
 noon, & in the afternoon gave an order to Capt Bruen for 
 to provide materials for tbe Barrak at fort Ld. Sterling, 
 bought a Cutlass for 16 £ Dol. 
 
 30 began the work' on the old Fort to raise the para- 
 pet, it snowd this afternoon Genl. Heath came to Town 
 with Col. Groton' & 34 Several other Regts. 
 
 31 Sunday, the men Excused from fateague & the 
 ground was coverd. with snow & water. 
 
 April 1 begun the old battery, went round to ye 
 Several works with Genl. Heath & others. 
 
REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 2 went to long Island with Genl. Heath & my Ld. 
 Sterling & others. Laid out & proposed several works 
 there, in the Evning a party of our men, 200, went onto 
 the Island by the Man of war & Set fire to the buildings, 
 brought off Intrenching tools, fowls &c. that belonged to 
 Govr. Trion 35 & returnd Safe, the same night the furnace 
 in this City was set on fire by some Evil minded person, 
 & fled to the Ship, but as it was soon Discovered it did 
 but Little Damage. 
 
 3 Drawd plan for 2 Works on Long Island, bought 
 a Coat & Jaceat for 15 Dollars, it raind in the forenoon 
 no fateague the Sitizens Excused from fateague. heard 
 that the fleet was Sailed from Boston. Genl Putnam 
 Came to this City. 
 
 4 went Round to the Several works with Genl. Put- 
 nam & the other Genl. Officers, in the afternoon I went 
 to horns hook, fort Thomson, a fine Day but windy. 
 
 5 to Long Island. Col. Smith went with Genl. Sterl- 
 ing to ye Gersies. I laid out a Battery at ye heighth by 
 ye feray on long Island. I went with Genl. Putnam & 
 Genl. Thomson to Horns Hook. 
 
 6 went to Red Hook. 
 
 7 Sunday no fateague in the forenoon fireing over the 
 Bay at ye Jersies, our riflemen took 9 & killd 3 of the 
 Enemy, who came to take in Warter, with the loss of only 
 one man wounded, went with Genl. Putnam, Thomson, 
 
COL. JEDLTHAN BALDWIN 33 
 
 Col. Mifflin 36 & Trumbull upon Govenours Island & con- 
 cluded to fortify that place. 8th. the Ships fell down 
 about 2 miles. 
 
 8 went to Red Hook with Genl. Thomson, laid out 
 a Battery on that point, & then I went to Govenours 
 Island, laid out the Fort, at dark one thousand men came 
 on with the tools & went to work & before morning we 
 had a fine trench, it raind all night & was Very uncom- 
 fortable. Col. Webb commanded. 
 
 9 on the Govs. Isle in ye forenoon, went to ye City 
 afternoon. Genl. Sullivans 37 Brigade came in. 
 
 10 went with ye Genl. officers to red hook & to Govs 
 Island. 
 
 12 a wet snowey morning, workt on the Fort & Bat- 
 tery with 400 men. 
 
 13 wort at the Battery. Genl. Washington came to 
 town, with Genl. Gates & others. 
 
 14 workt. at the battery, went to Long Island & to 
 Govenours 1 Island where the troops workt. Col Pres- 
 cotts 38 Regt. went over & incamped on govenours Island, 
 in the afternoon I went to Meeting at N. york. 
 
 15 the Asia, Man of war went of this afternoon to 
 the great Joy of this place. 
 
 went with Genl. Washington, Putnam, & my Lord 
 Sterling to Red hook & to Govner 1 Island in ye forenoon. 
 Dind with them & spent ye afternoon. 
 
34 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 16 to Govenours Island, it raind. Reed, orders to 
 get ready for to go to Quebec. 
 
 17 prepairing Camp equipage & nessaceries for the 
 Voyge. Col. Putnam came to N. york. Brought letters 
 from Home. 
 
 18 prepairing for to go to Quebeck. bought sundry 
 articles of Stores. 
 
 19 went to the Narrows with Col. Putnam. 
 
 20 carried all our things on bord the Ship. Lodgd 
 on Shore in New York. 
 
 21 being Lords Day. went on bord Capt. Van burans 
 albana Sloop about 10 o'clock, had a good wind that 
 carried us up the river about 30 miles, lodgd on bord 
 anchord about 8 o'clock. 
 
 22 hoisted Sail about 9 in the morning, had a big 
 wind this Day ahead, came to anchor by the highlands 
 2 after 3 o'clock, could not get thro the narrows. I went 
 on Shore recanortered the Mountains, on the west Side, 
 went upon one about 500 feet high, as the wind contin- 
 ued a head & very high we lay at anchor till about 11 
 o'clock at night, when the Tide favoured we hoisted Sail 
 & attempted the passage at the highlands, but were obliged 
 to come to anchor before Daylight after passing about 13 
 miles by Fort Mongomery 39 & Fort Constitution. I was 
 on deck till after 2 o'clock this morning with a Curious 
 eye viewing the Vast mountains & the difficulties in rough 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 35 
 
 warter. the mountains are said to be more than \ a mile 
 high almost perpendicular from ye warter. 
 
 23 This morning we were at anchor near fort Consti- 
 tution, after Breakfast Genl Thomson, Col Sinkler, Majr. 
 White, Majr Suell, Capt. Badlam 40 , Capt. Van buran & 
 myself with Doctr. & Doctr. & 2 Albana Gent passan- 
 gers were our Mess in the Cabbin. Capt. Lindley & a 
 Company of Carpenters was on bord our Sloop, we had 
 5 horses on Bord & 4 Dogs, as the wind was contirary 
 we could not come to Sail, the Genl. proposed my going 
 to view the fort (with him & several others went with us) 
 as I was ordered by Genl. Washington to inspect the 
 whole to the northward where I could do it without re- 
 tarding our march, and make remarks & send them to 
 him we returnd about 12 o'clock & come to Sail but ye 
 wind continued high & flawey but ye tide favorued, we 
 beat about 3 hours when on a Sudden a flaw took us, 
 Shiverd our Boom all to pieces & carried all before it 
 overboard, knocked down the horses & as I was on Deck 
 it took off my hatt with the rest, which was a great won- 
 der no life Lost or person much hurt. I immediately pro- 
 posed the making a New Boom, after we came to anchor 
 I went with the carpenters on Shore cut a Tree hewd. 
 Shavd. a drawd. down a boom 51 feet long off from a 
 Mountain a great heighth & got it on board & it was 
 compleatly fixed ready to sail in 3| hours from the time 
 
36 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 the old one gave way, but as the wind & tide was against 
 us we lay at anchor till about 2 o'clock in the morning 
 when the wind abated, some time after my hat went 
 overbord we discover it at a distance. 4 of our men Jumpt 
 into the small boat and brought it me. 
 
 24 This is a fine pleasant morning, we were passing 
 the Highlands, as I awoke, in company with several other 
 sloops & then opend a pleasant settld country on each 
 side the river. I went on Shore to several housen on the 
 west side the river, bought butter, bread, milk & eggs, 
 got on bord about 11 o'clock, the sloop kept under Sail 
 had a gentle breeze of wind S. E. we passed by New 
 Windsor 41 & Newboro 42 on ye west Side, Powcapsey 43 & 
 Lime kilns, at Long reach people were throwing wood 
 from a hill 80 feet high to load a Vessel, a Very fine 
 pleasant Day this, about 6 o'clock the Sun went into a 
 dark thick cloud & lookt like a Storm, we passt Living- 
 stons mannor 44 about sunset, kept under Sail till \ past 
 1 o'clock A. M. when our vessel ran a ground with 2 
 other Sloops. 
 
 25 yesterday we Sailed about 80 miles, this morn- 
 ing about 7 o'clock our Vessel floated & we had a fine 
 pleasant gale of wind, the weather fair which carried us 
 to Albana 12 miles in a Short Time, we soon marched 
 to our Quarters provided for the Genl. & his Company. 
 Set the Carpenters & Smiths to work making tent polls 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 37 
 
 &c. we Dind agreably with a No. of our Gentn. of the 
 army & others of the Sity. The Genl. orders that Col. 
 Greatons Regt. March tomorrow for Lake George, Col. 
 Patersons 45 a Saturday & Col. Bonds 46 Sunday, & Col. 
 Poors 47 a monday next, when I am to march with the 
 Genl. Thomson For Quebeck which will compleat a Jour- 
 ney of above 800 Miles since I left Cambridge, but Thank 
 God I have health given to undergo any fateague that I 
 have been calld too in the cause of my Country. 
 
 26 Wrote home from albany by Bradshaw, Break- 
 fasted with Commisary Ransler, Dind with Gen. Thomson, 
 Col. Livingstone 48 & a No. of other Gentn at the Kings 
 arms, Mr Varnam. Col. Greatons Regt. marched from 
 albany for Canada. 
 
 27 Col. paterson Regt. Marcht. Dind with Mr. 
 Ransler, the armourers came up & joind the artificers at 
 albany. 
 
 28 Col. Bonds Regt. Marched of for Canada. I rode 
 with Genl. Thomson, Col. Sincler in a Coach in company 
 with other officers to the Cohoes, 49 crossed the Mohawk 
 River at Lowdons ferry, went to Half mon, crosst Hud- 
 sons river & returnd by Stone Robbin to Albany. Drank 
 Tea at Capt Lonsons, had a beautifull Day & a most 
 agreable ride. 
 
 29 Supt with Mr. Ray at meriks at albany & Dr. 
 Mchensey. 50 Sent off part of my Bagage with Capt. 
 
38 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 Badlem. Dind with Mr Livingstone Commisery Gen., 
 in the afternoon I attended a Treaty between the Indians 
 & Inglish, present a Comtt. of the City & county of 
 Albany, Genl. Thomson & some other officers of the 
 army & about 130 Chiefs & wariers from 2 Tribes of 
 Mohawks, Oniadas, Tuskaroras, onondagos & Kiogos. 
 the Indians were all seated in a large hall, when we went 
 in they arose singly & came round in there turn & Shook 
 hands with all of us, after this serimony was over we were 
 all seated, the chairman of our Comtt arose & welcomd 
 them to this place, was glad to see them in health & 
 peace, & it gave us pleasure to have an opertunity to 
 Smoak a pipe & drink togeather, & then sot down, pipes 
 were brought for every Man with tobaco, then one of the 
 Chiefs arose & said that they were glad to see so many of 
 us there bretheren well & that they had an opertunity to 
 Smoak a pipe with us, then a kind of Quaker meeting 
 lasted near \ an hour, except some little conversation, 
 Drank some Toddy togeather & then the Genl. Said he 
 supposed that they were Tired with there Long Journey, 
 that they had better sit & refresh themselves with some 
 liqhquer that he Should order, that he Should call them 
 togeather tomorrow, to Smoak a pipe togeather & have 
 some further Conversation as Brothers, & then we with- 
 drew from such a sent (proseeding from the Indians & 
 Tobaco smoak, the room being Crowded), as you can have 
 
COL. JEWJTHAN BALDWIN 39 
 
 but a faint Idea of. at night the Indians had a great 
 Dance. 
 
 30 put my Bagage a board a battoe. in the morning 
 about 11 o'clock I left Albany with a fair Wind. Dind 
 at Stone robin with Capt. Lonson, went to half Moon, 
 loaded all our Bagage on Wagons, went back to Mr. 
 Lonsons. Lodgd. 
 
 May 1 Rode with Mr Lonsin to Saratoga. Lodgd 
 at Mr. Vak. 
 
 2 went to fort Miller. 51 Lodgd in a Tent, after 
 visiting Genl. Schuylers Lady & Daughters on the road 
 & Mr Duer at the falls. Lonsin returned. 
 
 3 Set out in Batoes & went to Fort Edward. 52 Col. 
 Poors Regt came up. the Carpenters went forward to ye 
 Lake, but for want of Carriages, I stayed with the 
 armourers at Fort Edward Last night, this old Fort is 
 all in ruins, & was set on fire last monday and Continews 
 burning, last night the fire broak out in one of the mag- 
 azines & burnt most Furiously. Lodgd at Dr. Smith 
 New house on my own bed very Comfortably, in company 
 with Capt. Badlam of the Train of artillery. 
 
 4 Genl. Thomson came to fort Edward and went to 
 the Lake. Just at night I set out with 3 load of my 
 Bagage from fort Edward, went about 2 miles & Lodgd 
 at Mrs. 
 
40 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 5 went to the Lake with Capt. Newland & Capt. 
 Badlam on foot 12 miles got the Canon on Bord the 
 Sloop with the artillery Stores, the Carpenters & Smiths 
 put their bagage on bord ready to Sail. Genl. Thomson 
 & others came & drank a bottle of wine with me. I supt. 
 with Genl. Schuyler 53 & spent the Evning. Lodgd. in 
 my Tent by the edge of the Lake, a Rough sea that 
 washt down genl Schuylers Chimney as we were Sitting 
 after Supper made us Merry. 
 
 6 a Very Rainey Day, prevented the Troops passing 
 the Lake as was proposed, at Evning we caught a plenty 
 of Fish. 
 
 7 Set out from fort George, Reed a letter from Genl. 
 Washington informing me that the Congress had advanced 
 my Rank & pay as a Reward of Merit. I wrote a letter 
 of thanks to Genl. Washington. 
 
 8 Last night we lodgd at Sabath Day point. 54 Com- 
 madore Homes made me a present of 200 Acres of choice 
 land with 2 Housen upon it, which includes the whole of 
 the low lands on & about the point. 
 
 in the morning we Set out & went to Ticonderoga 
 Landing, (it rained hard), lodgd in my Tent. 
 
 9 got our Bagage over ye carrying place to the fort 
 with the Boats. Dind at ye landing with Genl. Thomson, 
 Col. St Clear. 55 Lodgd. in my Tent by the Edg of Lake 
 Champlain. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 41 
 
 10 left Ticonderoga about 11 o'clock. Dind at Crown 
 point, where I took in a No. of Intrenching Tools &c. 
 Lodgd in my Battoe, 8 Miles below Crown point, by the 
 side of the Lake. 
 
 1 1 set off about sunrise Breakfasted at ye Splitrock 
 below the uper Narrows, we passed by the white moun- 
 tains or Mountain coverd with snow this Day. Dind on 
 an Island 4 Brothers & then set off & Soon was taken with 
 with a high Wind which carried away one Mast & Sale, 
 we made the best of our way for the west Shore, which 
 was about 6 miles, against the wind, we all got safe in 
 after about 3| hours hard rowing, 4 Battoes & 108 men, 
 but the wind continuing High, we had like to have our 
 boats beat to peices before we could onload & Draw them 
 up. Lodgd on Shore in my Tent, several Indians visited 
 us this Day. 
 
 12 the wind continued to blow hard till about 12 
 o'clock, when it abated, & we loaded our Battoes & rowd 
 of about one o'clock 15 Miles to a Rockey Cove 8 Battoes 
 in Company. Majr. Morgan & Capt. Nelson, we caught 
 a fine Pike fish. 
 
 13 Set out about sunrise with a fine wind, went about 
 20 Miles & the wind faild. we went on Shore got Break- 
 fasted & Set off, rowd to the narrows & then was favourd 
 with a good wind passt by the Island of Noe & on about 
 6 miles met a Battoe who informd us that the Regular 
 
42 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 fleet had arrived at Quebeck. & that our army had re- 
 treated about 15 Leagues where they were fortifying. 
 
 went to St. Johns 56 where the news of the retreat of our 
 armv was confirmd. went over to the East side the river 
 Sorrell. Lodgd at Col. Hasels. we have a Very Gloomey 
 account of our armv at Quebeck. the report is that about 
 500 of our men (chiefly Sick) are taken prisoners with 
 the artillery & stores, but no Sertainty. 
 
 14 we wenent down the river Sorellto Shambalee Fort. ' 
 Where we tarried to get bread baked, (no other provi- 
 sions to be had hear). In company with Genl. Thomson 
 & the Comtt. from the Continentall Congress, who made 
 me welcom to this place. & advised me to take the Small 
 pox. as that distemper is brief in this place. & I proposed 
 to take the Infection to morrow at Sorell. 5 - Doer. Mc Ken- 
 sev of Pensilvania Regt. to attend me. they are building 
 some armed boats at this place, that will be soon ready 
 for Service. I Just her that all the Intrenching tools are 
 Lost, wrote to Crown point for all the old Intrenching 
 tools to be Sent Down with all the Irons belonging to the 
 old carriages suns, wrote home. Shambalee is beauti- 
 fullv situated on both sides the river, a regular Fort, built 
 with Stone k Lime, without a Trench, well situated by 
 the river, a handsom Church & pritty Villiage, the women 
 are black 6: no ways inviting. 
 
COL. JEDl'THAN BALDWIN 43 
 
 Shambalee May 14 1776 
 My Dear 
 
 these paper may serve to let you know where I was 
 on perticuler Days, as I have kept a kind of Journal as I 
 have gone a long tho Very Short, it may give you some 
 satisfaction. I have Through Divine goodness, enjoved 
 my health well & am Very hearty at this time, tho some- 
 thing of a gloom has passed this way. by the retreat of 
 our army from before Quebeck. the report is that about 
 500 of our army is left Sick with the small pox (& other- 
 wise) near Quebeck which are fallen into the hands of the 
 Regulars with the artillery & what little stores they had 
 there. 
 
 15 left Shambalee with a fair wind about 10 o'clock 
 in the morning. Saild Down the River 45 miles, thro a 
 most beautifull Settlement on Each side the River to 
 Sorell, got down about 6 o'clock at evning. 
 
 16 Viewd the Grounds on both sides the river with 
 Col. Wait & Col. Anile. 69 Dind & Drank Tea with Genl. 
 Arnold.' 3 " Genl. Thomson Came from Montreal. Capt. 
 Barnard. M De la Marquisca.* 31 an assistant Engineer came 
 to Sorell. Capt. Badlam movd and took ye Command of 
 the artillery at Sorell. 
 
 17 about 10 o'clock this morning I was Inoculated 
 for the Small Pox with Col. Bond. Col. Alden. 6 - Majr. 
 Fuller. Majr. Loring. 63 the Revd. Mr Barnham. Doer. Hoi- 
 
44 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 brook & Lieut Oldham togeather in a mess by Dr. Mc- 
 Kensey. Genl. Thomas came to this place from Quebeck, 
 left his army at the three rivers. 
 
 18 A General council sot & agreed to move the army 
 Down to De Shambo 64 as soon as provision arivd, for the 
 army, which at present is scarce, the Army at J allowance. 
 
 19 Sunday, this is Observd but all the men at work 
 that can be employed with tools at three breastworks at 
 different places, one on the point across the river, order 
 that all the tool be brought in from the several works to 
 go down with the army. Col. Greaton Dind with me, & 
 Col. St Clair Breakfasted with me. laid out some works, 
 mounted some cannon & got the smiths to work. Genl. 
 Arnal went last night to montreal. 
 
 20 we had the news of Capt. Blisses 60 being taken 
 (by the regulars & Canadians from Detroit) at the Seed- 
 ers Above Montreal with the provisions going to that 
 place, this news gave a damp to the spirits of our people 
 as hundreds of them had taken the small pox, & others 
 daily expecting to have it. Genl. Thomas Sick & not 
 one barrel of provision in the Store & the men at half 
 allowance for several Days past, & no sertainty of any 
 coming soon, was truly distressing. I went with Col. 
 Bond, Col. Alden & Majr Fuller up the river Sorell 13 
 miles to St. Ours. Lodgd at Col. Duggans. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAX BALDWIN 45 
 
 21 Breakfasted at Col. Duggans, went up 3 miles to 
 Capt. Lamoureux to see our Lodgings & returnd to Col. 
 Duggans. Dind & then went up with our Battoe to our 
 agreable french Landlords Drank Coffey togeather, 60 
 Barrils of Pork went Down to sorell. 
 
 22 Genl. Thomas came up to St. ours sick with the 
 small pox, we heard of our army being cut off at the 
 Siders comand by Majr. Sharburn 66 with 170 men. Majr. 
 Thomas & Col. Dind with us & informd that our army 
 at 3 river wer sent for to com up to Sorell. Col. Dehart 
 went from Sorell with 450 Rifelmen & musketteers to 
 Montreal & the Seeders 67 , the artillery Sent up from 
 Sorell to Shambalee where I was advised to move to pre- 
 vent my falling into the hands of our Canadian enemy 
 which some fiew now began to show themselves unfriendly. 
 Our Army being very much neglected the supplies not 
 being sent forward in season proper for the support of 
 the army togeather with the distress ocationed by the 
 spreading of the Small pox in the army, & other distem- 
 pers 2 thirds, were returnd unfit for Duty Ocationed a 
 Cowardly and Shamfull retreat from Quebeck, Deshambo 
 & from the 3 rivers to Sorell & this Day I hear that Col. 
 Poors & Col. Porters Regt. are retireing to St Johns to 
 fortify that place, if this is the case when none persues 
 what may we expect when we are driven by the Enemy. 
 
46 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 I walkt about to the Neighbours a Visiting, fair Windy 
 Day. 
 
 23 had a restless Night, a hard pain in my head & 
 knees. I got up & after Breakfast I walkt with Col. 
 Alden to Col. Duggans & back again to Dinner, 5 miles, 
 but the pain in my head continewd & several Pox apeard 
 under the skin in my forhead, I eat a little diner, but 
 appetite & relish faild, living 8 Days without tasting the 
 least relish of Salt in my Victuals or tasting any kind 
 of Spirituous liquer. 
 
 Just now heard that the Army from the 3 rivers was 
 com up to Sorell. Col. Poor marcht by with his Regt to 
 Shambalee, Col. Porters Regt marched by for St. Johns 
 & they advised me to retire, as it was expected the army 
 would leave Sorel soon, but my french friends assure me 
 that they will take the best care, that I shall have the 
 first notice of any danger & that they will help me off 
 should the enemy persue, at several Housen where I have 
 got aquainted these people are polite, kind & very 
 friendly & are extreemly loth to have us leave them, it 
 gives them great consern to see the army Returning but 
 when Genl. Sullivan Regt comes over the lakes we expect 
 that the army will proseed immediately down to Desham- 
 bo, which will secure a Very fine Country & without wich 
 an army cannot be supported there. Just heard that 
 Genl. Arnold had taken a large Store 9 miles above 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 47 
 
 Montreal worth 10 thousand Pound Sterling, that was 
 going up to supply our Enemies on the great lakes & 
 that he was intrenching & had secured his party & had 
 sent for a reinforcement which was gone to him. this 
 Day I bought a Bushel of the best wheat flowered for 2 
 pisterenes & am informd that the Inhabitants on the river 
 Sorell rais annually for Sail 150,000 bushels of Wheat 
 besides supplying there families, there buildings are low 
 & mean nearly alike for 45 miles togeather. on both sides 
 of the river it is level without one Hill save a noumber of 
 warter gullies that are short runing into the river, the 
 Barns are thatch roughs & gabel ends & the whole are 
 built without Nails, the buildings stand near as thick as 
 in Worcester Street on both sides all the way on the 
 River. 
 
 this Day Doer. McKensey & the Commisary Genl. 
 Visited me, the latter said that he had at the time of the 
 retreat from before Quebeck above two hundred Barrels 
 of Pork & 12,000 weight of Flower in one Store & that 
 the army did not retreat for want of Provision, it was in 
 consiquence of the situation of the army which extended 
 so far that they could not be supported after the fleet & 
 army Should arrive from Hallifax, therefore a Council 
 advised that the army Should retreat to Deshambo, where 
 they were to fortify & make a Stand but 3 frigates ariv- 
 ing with about 700 men Just at the time when our army 
 
48 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 was prepairing to retire, a general panick seized our army 
 which the enemy saw, they took the advantage, made an 
 appearance, our army fled and left almost every thing 
 valuable behind in the greatist disorder, many of the 
 Officers behavd in such a cowardly manner as brings 
 lasting disgrace on themselves, & others, the Commisary 
 saith that the plunder taken by the regulars left by our 
 army was worth at least 2000i° Sterling besides the 
 artillery & ordinance stores, the Number of our people 
 sick with the Small Pox that have fallen into the hands 
 of the enemy is uncertain yet, but it is said to be small, 
 a great Battle fought but noboddy Killd & noboddy Hurt, 
 bv order Capt. Newland, an assistant Engineer, is sent to 
 fortifie St. Johns & Capt Fish 68 , an assistant Engineer, is 
 sent to fortifie Shambalee. this Day they left me. a 
 fine pleasant Day. 
 
 24 after Breakfast I walkt with my companions 
 round the fields, 3 miles, but felt poor no stomach to 
 diner, head each & full of paine. in the afternoon I 
 rode with my landlord by invitation in his calash to See 
 Genl. Thomson & Col. Campbell at Col. Duggans, returnd 
 very poorly & full of pain & very restless, may God grant 
 his Blessing, if you think this & the other papers are 
 worth preserving pleas to lay them by. 
 
 25 I was all this Day so vary full of pain & distress, 
 espetially over my eyes, that I was able to walk but little 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 49 
 
 abroad, frequently having seveor chills runing thro' my 
 hole boddy which is very tedious to bare. 
 
 26 Rested very poorly Last night, & so poor all this 
 day that I was scarce able to look up, the hard fits of 
 Feavour & ague that I had in 1757, nearly resemble this 
 Days Distress, but I walkt a little abroad, as it was a 
 fine Day. 
 
 27 rested some last night, and I was much better, 
 this Day the Pox began to come out. Col. Livingston & 
 Majr. Briewer came to see me. a very fine Day. Genl. 
 Thomson Sent me a Horse, Oliver was Inoculated. 
 
 28 Slep none last night, a high fevour which made 
 me very restless. I got up early, the feavour abated & 
 I was comfortable, the Pox coming out thick, a soar 
 throat was troubelsom went abroad but little this Day as 
 the air was cold & raw. 
 
 29 slept but little last night the pain in my head & 
 soer throat were increased so that I was very poorly in 
 the morning, the weather cold, I was advised not to go 
 to a fire. Genl. Thomson, Col. St. Clear, Col. Maxwell 69 
 & some other Gentn calld to see me, going to Shamblee 
 
 30 Had a very poor Day, my throat very soer a hard 
 head ach & very faint, the Doctr. came to see me & said 
 there is no fear you do well but you have a goodeel t G 
 bear yet. 
 
50 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 31 Slept some last night felt a little better, a Noum- 
 ber of Battoes went up from Sorell to Shambalee with 
 Provisions, a good Day. a report spread that 1000 
 regulars & 5 thousan Canadians were at 3 rivers coming 
 up on us. many of the french Inhabitants movd there 
 families to Shamblee & St Johns, we perswaded others 
 not to leave there homes yet, it would be time enough to 
 go with us. 
 
 June 1. Slept better last night, my throat better but 
 Stomach Very Soar & Squamish loathing every kind of 
 food, the Pox this Day began to fill, the Nurse counted 
 40 on and about my face, a rainey Day. Genl. Thomas 
 Died of the Smallpox. 
 
 2 rested better Last night, the Pox turnd this Day, 
 my stomach Very fowl, breath bad & my whole fraim 
 Soar, this Day Doer. Stewart came to See me, who in- 
 formd that Col. St. Clear was going from Sorell with 700 
 men to 3 rivers, a Schooner & 15 battoes passt up this 
 river from Sorell to Shambalee with provisions & Stores, 
 heard Genl. Thomas was Dangerous. 
 
 3 Genl. Woohoe went to Sorell. a Schooner went 
 by from Sorell to Shambalee. I remaind exreemly Soar 
 espetially in my feet, heard of the Death of Genl. 
 Thomas at Shambalee. 
 
 4 part of Genl. Sullivans Briggade passt to Sorell in 
 56 battoes. Capt. Badlam calld to see me as he was 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 51 
 
 goind to Shambalee. I took Physick to carry off the 
 pox. a pleasant afternoon. 
 
 5 Last night & this Day I broak out all over as thick 
 as possible which caused a surver itching, we Just heard 
 that Col. St Clear was returning with his party as he saw 
 Six Ships of war at ye 3 rivers & 30 transports with a 
 land army of 4000, also Just heard that Genl. Worcester 
 was gone home. I think our affairs Look Dark, matters 
 dont go on right, & I dont know how they Should when 
 the Genl. of the army, Schuyler, the Commisary Genl. & 
 Quartermaster Genl. are all in a nother Country, but 
 good conduct & 1 or 2 Victorys in battle may turn the 
 face of things. Doctr. Stewart came from Sorell to see 
 me, Lodgd & is to return in the morning to sorell. Col. 
 Porter Went to sorell. a pleasant Day. 
 
 6 I had a high fevour last night, my Boddy being 
 all coverd over with the pox, & an extreem fire and itch- 
 ing made me Very uncomfortable. Col. Starks Regt. 
 went to Sorell. this Day Mr. Grant a Cannadien Mert 
 informd. that a large Fleet was arrivd at Quebeck with 
 13,000 Regular Troops, a part of which were near Sorell. 
 Genl. Thomson wend down the River with 1500 men 
 from Sorell to 3 Rivers, where we heard the Regulars 
 were landing. 
 
 7 Rested poorly Last Night, the burning & Itching 
 of the pox was very Tedious to bair. This Day I took 
 
52 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 Physick that workt severely, but I was comfortable before 
 night, a pleasant Day. 
 
 8 this morning we were awaked at day light with the 
 report of Cannon Down the River which continewed with 
 Short Intermissions till about 9 o'clock, the cannonade 
 was Very heavey supposed to be Genl. Thomson ingaged 
 with the Regulars. God give us the victory. 
 
 9 I rested very well last night, this Day the Pox that 
 came out very fine the 5th, began to turn, & I was better 
 at my Stomach. Col. Pattesson, Majr. Scott & 4 other 
 officers dind with me. Just at evning an Acct was 
 brought that Genl. Thomson had engaged the Regulars 
 at ye 3 Rivers, 70 & got the advantage drov of the main 
 body & had taken about 400 prisoners & was returning 
 with them, his amunition being nearly Expended, and 
 was again attacked by 900 Regulars, who got the better 
 of our troops, killing & taking number, & when the in- 
 former came away, the Regulars was persueing & our 
 troops fleeing before them. 
 
 10 Col. Dehaws 71 & Capt. Nelson & Capt. Butler 72 
 calld to see me as they were going to Sorell from the 
 Seeders with there army. they complaind greatly of 
 Genl. Arnolds conduct at the Seeders that it was all 
 togeather owing to him that the regular army with the 
 Canadians were not cut off & our prisoners retaken. 
 Majr. Sull cam up to St. Ours 73 Sick with the mumps. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 53 
 
 Capt. Scott came up from Sorell as informd that Genl. 
 Thomson'' army was returnd to Barkee that they had left 
 about 20 men killd, which was inconsiderable compaird 
 with the loss of the Enemy, which is said to be above 
 one hundred. Genl. Sullivan Sent out orders for 2000 
 Cannadian militia to go down armd to Sorell to the 
 assistance of our army. 
 
 11 I set out from the parish St. Ours for Shambalee 
 in a battoe. I am Very weak & coverd with the scales of 
 the Pox & unfit to travil. Col. Bond & Col. Alden go 
 with me. Our Servants out full with the small pox but 
 not bad. Oliver has it Very light, we Dind at Armarble 
 Ourashe on the west side the River, where we had a fine 
 diner & was kindly Entertained then we went up the 
 River to an old & good farmers where we lodgd & was 
 kindly entertaind. 
 
 12 went up the River about 6 miles to Mr Ledjuay' 
 where we were Very politely Entertained where we lodgd. 
 a fine Day but wind a head. 
 
 13 went up the River after Breakfast to Point Oliviers 
 where we Dind at a Mass House with a french Preist & 
 was very agreably Entertaind by the Fryer, Mr. Lotbin- 
 iere. after Diner we went to Shambalee. Col. Hazel & 
 Col. Antle informd me that there was at this place & 
 St. Johns and about them 2900 men Sick, chiefly of the 
 Small pox that belonged to our army, which has broak 
 
54 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OK 
 
 us so that we are poorly able to defent against so superior 
 a force as we hear is coming against us & that Very nigh. 
 14. Last Night I lodgd in my Tent without taking 
 any cold, & am very comfortable. I Breakfasted with 
 Genl. Arnold, who Reed a letter while at breakfast from 
 Genl. Sullivan informing that he had reed a letter from 
 Genl. Thomson who was a prisoner with the Regulars, 
 with Col. Erving 74 & Doer McKensey. Col. St. Clear 
 was Just come in to Sorell Just alive thro fatiugue there 
 is about 100 of our men Still missing, but they hourly 
 come scattering in, it is uncertain how many we have lost 
 in this desperate action, it is reported that the 2 french- 
 men Genl. Thomsons guides were Trators, there is but 
 little dependanc to be put upon any of them, we Just 
 now hear that 10,000 of our enemies are landed on an 
 Island oposit to Sorell about one mile distant, our camp 
 is poorly fortified, & our forces not a third in number 
 that the Enemy is said to be, Genl. Burgoin 75 the most 
 Experienced Gen. in the English service Commands them. 
 I am going tomorrow to St. Johns to give directions to 
 fortify there in order to Cover our Retreat, which I think 
 must be soon without a miricle is rought in our favour, 
 I hope we Shall be able to retreat with all our Artillery 
 & Stores to Crown point, which is the best that I can 
 reasonably expect of hope for, there to make a Stand let 
 what will come 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 55 
 
 15 we were all Employed in getting Battoes, Artill- 
 ery & Stores up the Rapids & to St. Johns, the army from 
 Sorell came up to Chamblee. I went to St. Johns Laid 
 out and directed some works at St. Johns & rode back to 
 Chamblee. Kept the men at work geting up Battoes, it 
 Raind all night Very hard, Supt. & lodgd with Genl. 
 Sullivan, Col. St. Clair, Col. Vorce 76 at Col. Hazens 77 in 
 the fort Chamblee. 
 
 16 Sunday. Cleard the fort of all the Stores at 
 Chamblee got the Baggage away. I was orderd to the 
 head of the rapids to forward the Intrenching tools & 
 then to St. trace' 8 half way between Chambalee & St. 
 Johns, where I had the most Savere fateague in Loading 
 the Battoes with the Stores & Baggage brought from 
 Chambalee in carts to this place to get them above the 
 Rapids, the Vast No of Men sick & in the most distress- 
 ing condition with the Small pox is not to be discribed 
 & many officers Runing off Leaving there men by the 
 Side of the river to be taken care of by me or others, 
 about 1 o'clock it was reported that the Regulars were 
 at Chambalee & were coming forward but it provd a 
 mistake but it had the effect of sending great Numbers 
 of officers & Soldiers upon the run to St. Johns, & Some 
 to the Oile of Noix' 9 & others could not be Stopt till they 
 got to Crown point. 
 
56 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 17 I lift St. Trace \ after Seven O clock at Evning 
 in the last Battoe & Got up to St. Johns about 11 o'clock 
 at Night extreemly fateagued. Lodgd with Genl. De 
 Woolke. 
 
 18 this Morning the Genl. calld a Genl Council, 
 which advised to abandon St. Johns, dismantle the fort 
 and carry off all the Stores of every kind, we immedi- 
 ately Sent off all the Battoes to the Oil of Noix with the 
 Sick & with Stores, & the Battoes returned before night 
 for more & by 6 o'clock Every article was in the Battoes, 
 the most of which went of & then we set fire to all the 
 buildings on both sides of the river burnt & Distroyed 
 St. Johns & then I came off in the last Battoe with Genl. 
 Arnold, & got up to the Oil of Noix about 12 at Night 
 but had neither Bed or blanket & lay upon the thawt of 
 the Battoe till day light, it was cold. 
 
 19 this Day a number of Battoes came up that were 
 heavey Loaded to this place bring every kind of thing 
 from St. Johns, which thus far is the most Speedy & good 
 Retreet from a Country that it was not possible for us to 
 command against so great a Superiority of force, Just in 
 our rear, the Sick were orderd of to crown point, with 
 the Doctors & the Carpenters & Smith to go also in the 
 morning. 
 
 20 this morning I reed orders from Genl. Sullivan to 
 be ready with my bagage & Intrenching tools on bord my 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 57 
 
 battoe to go with him up the Lake to look out a Conven- 
 ient place to fortify or to proceed to Crown Point, about 
 4 o'clock I left the Oil Oix Noix with orders to go to 
 Crown point with Col. Aldin, Capt. Ay res & Mr. Wins- 
 low the paymaster Genl. with his Millitiary Chests & I 
 with the Intrenching Tools. Lodgd on the East Side 
 the Lake below Iron pint, missquetoes very Thick 
 
 21 Breakfasted at Iron point 80 or point O Fray with 
 Rd. Mr. Barnham. Lodgd on an Island below Cumber- 
 land Bay. Dind at the Isle of Mot. 
 
 22 crosst Cumberland bay in the morning the surf 
 high. Lodgd on the west side the Lake where we were 
 Extreemly tormented with flees. 
 
 23 Came out a little way as the wind was ahead. 
 Breakfasted at the Split rock. Lodgd on ye West Side 
 the Lake below Crown point 10 miles 
 
 24 Came to Crown point about 12 o'clock. 
 
 25 onloading Battoes & Sending them to Aux Nox 
 
 26 & 27 Securing the Stoers & taking Care of the 
 Sick, & Sending Battoes down to the army. 
 
 28 this Evning about 5 o'clock the camp was Allarmd 
 by 6 Indians at about 2 Mile distance across the bay who 
 came to the saw mill & carried of one man, but did no 
 other damage, a man died at this place this Day. 
 
 29 Put the Powder in the Ice House which was fitted 
 up for a Magazine I rais a House for myself to live in. 
 
58 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 30 Heard by Mr Torey, that Genl. Gates was coming 
 to take the Command of this northan army, the Car- 
 penters geting timber to repair the Stone Barraks in the 
 Fort, the Fateague Men with the train continued geting 
 the Cannon out of the Battoes, with the other Stores. I 
 Drank Tea with the paymaster & Mrs Tucker, finished a 
 great Oven. 
 
 July 1 part of the army came up the Lake. 
 
 2 Genl. Sullivan Returnd to Crown point with the 
 Army & Vessels. 
 
 3 proposed to Cover the army by Redoubts, one of 
 which was begun, but the men chiefly imployed in secur- 
 ing Stores. 
 
 4 a Genl. Court Martial Set for the trial of a No. of 
 Officers & Soldiers. 
 
 5 Laid out Som works on Chimny point, 81 Genl. 
 Schuyler, Genl. Gates & Genl. Arnol came to this place 
 in the evning. 200 Men went to Cumberland head. 
 
 6 a Council of the Genl. Officers was held this Day. 
 I dind with the Genls. 
 
 7 Reed, orders to go to Ticondaroga with Som Car- 
 penters & to cary all my Baggage, I collected all the 
 Intrenching tools togeather. 
 
 8 went to Ticonderoga, with Genl. Schuyler & Genl. 
 Gates, Viewd the grounds on the East Side ye Lake with 
 Col. Trumball on one Hill, took 26 Carpenters with me 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 59 
 
 to repair ye Vessels & the Saw mill at Skeensboro. 82 
 
 9 Viewd the Grounds on the east with Genl. Schuyler 
 & Genl. Gates, round the peninsula, found Water by 
 diging on the top of the Hill. Genl. Sullivan came in 
 here. 
 
 10 Went over & Marked out a road from the North 
 point to the top of the Hill with Col. Wain 83 & Col. 
 Trumball. Genl. Sullivan Reconoiterd the Hill with me. 
 I went up East Creek to the Head about 6 miles, a 
 muddy bottom. 
 
 11 Went over to the point with 200 Men to Clear a 
 road, Dig well, &c. it was a Very rainey Day. we 
 returnd about 12 o'clock to camp, Very wet. 
 
 12 at work on the East Side. 
 
 13 at work on the East Side. Genl. Waterbury 84 came 
 in. I Supt. with the Genl. & other officers. 
 
 14 on the East point as Usual. 
 
 15 on the East point begun a 3d Vesell. 
 
 16 in the morning between day and sunrise I heard 
 some persons say that how come that Chest open, another 
 person answerd sombody has robd it they have pulld up 
 the tent pins & taken the chest out, upon which I arose 
 in my shirt & went out & found 2 friendly Officers 
 lamenting my loss, I examind & found that I was robd 
 of my Hatt, a Camblet Cloak a Surtoot, a blieu Coat & 
 Jacoat full trimd with a narrow Gold lace, a pair of Silk 
 
60 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 breeches, a Snuff colourd Coat turnd up with white, a 
 Velvet Jacoat, 3 Cotton & 3 Wollon Shirts, 3 Stocks, 2 
 linen Handkfs, 2 pair of linen & 2 pair of woolen Stock- 
 ings, a pair of Silver Shoe & knee buckels, a Surveyors 
 Compass or theodiler, & between 35 & 40 Dollars in 
 paper money, an ink pot, a knife, key & a Number of 
 papers, & other articles. I immediately sent to all the 
 Commanding officers present, & at the landing, acquaint- 
 ing them with my loss, the Army was all turnd out & a 
 genl. Sirch made but none of my things found. I bor- 
 rowed of a friend, a Coat & Jacoat & hatt, for I had 
 none lift, I was Stript to my Shirt, my breeches & watch 
 that lay under my head were saved only. Just at evning 
 I heard that my coat turnd up with white & Velvet Jacoat 
 was found with the buckles &c. in the pockets, hid in a 
 blind place. 
 
 17 in the Morning a part of my Compass was found 
 broak to pieces & soon after the rest of it except the 
 Needle, this Day I wrote to Genl. Sullivan to remind 
 him of the request I had made of a discharge from the 
 Army, desiring him to use his intrest in my behalf while 
 at the Congress, as I am heartily tired of this Retreating, 
 Raged Starved, lousey, thevish, Pockey Army in this 
 unhealthy Country. 
 
 18. Visited all my workmen as Usual but found many 
 of them Sick & great complaints of the want of provision, 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 
 
 61 
 
 yt they had only 12 ouz. of pork & 1| lb of Flower pr 
 Day 
 
 19 a Very Heavey Rain last night & continewd the 
 chief of the Day. 2 men of Col. De Haas Regt. were 
 found in there tents drownded in warter, many others 
 lay half coverd or Set up all night, such a heavey Rain 
 is sildom known, this Day by Genl. Gates order I Reed 
 98 Dollars which will enable me to purchase Cloathing, 
 if I can find them, but they are very scarce & deer. 
 
 20 over at the point, it raind. 
 
 21 over at the point, a very Showerry Day 
 
 22 I wrote to Congress. 
 
 23 Laid out the park for the artillery on Rattlesnake 
 Hill, bought Carpenters tools of Six men & then dis- 
 charged them. 
 
 24 Dind with Genl. Gates, & in the afternoon we 
 went round the old French lines with Col. De Haws, 
 which our people were at work Very fast. 
 
 25 Genl. Gates & several other Officers went over to 
 the point with me & highly approvd of the works that I 
 had laid out there, & ordered that 220 men Should work 
 daily at least & as many more as could be imployed & 
 was in high good humor. Genl. Gates this Day treated 
 me with high respect and inqured if I had sent the letter, 
 (that I had shown him 3 Days before requesting a dis- 
 charge from the Army or rather a resignation), and that 
 
6 2 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 I must not think of it, I told him that the Letter was not 
 gone but that Col. Antill had got it, who was going to 
 Philedelphia he said that he would write to the Congress 
 to do somthing more for me & that I must not think of 
 leaving the service, so that it is uncertain whether I see 
 home so soon as I a fiew Days ago thought of. 
 
 26 Reed a letter from Col. Smith of New York. Reed 
 a nother Letter from Capt. Hayes giving a perticular 
 acount of the Publick affairs there, the Letter from Col. 
 Smith is Very polite & complisant but a nother letter I 
 reed this Day from my Lucy worth all that I have seen 
 since I left New York, as it is the first that I have reed 
 from her since I left Albany or even of having the pleas- 
 ure of hearing from home. This Day there is a supply 
 of fresh provision, & it is ordered that all the troops 
 shall have 4 Days fresh & 3 Days Salt meat a week. 
 
 27 went over to the East point with Genl. Arnold & 
 Col. Trumball. we orderd the encampment of the Brig- 
 gade to be alterd. Reed. 200 Dollars to pay for Tools, 
 by order of the Genl. Esqr Gillliand dind with me. 
 
 28 this morning I visited all the Artificers before 
 breakfast as Usual. I paid Esqr. Gilliland 212 Dollars 
 for Carpenters tools as there is no Quartermaster Genl. 
 at present with this army, I have that duty to do in part, 
 & I have the intire direction of all the House & Ship 
 Carpenters, the Smiths, Armourers, Roap makers, the 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 63 
 
 Wheel & Carriage makers, Miners Turners, Coalyers, 
 Sawyers & Shingle makers, which are all togeather 286, 
 besides the direction of all the fateagueing parties, so 
 that I have my hands & mind constantly employed night 
 & Day except when I am a Sleep & then sometimes I 
 dream. 
 
 29 went over to point Independancy with the work- 
 ing parties, this Day a French Malitia officer came into 
 this place from St. Fransway in 20 Days, he informs that 
 all the Indians Refuse to act against us. this Day I dind 
 with Genl. Gates in Company with Genl. Arnold, Col. 
 St. Clair, Col. Dehaws, Col. Wain, Col. Johnston 85 , Col. 
 Antle, Col. Ogden 86 & a No. of other Officers on fine 
 Boild & Roast Beef &c. 
 
 30 at Ticonderoga & lodg in the Redoubt East of 
 the Garrison in the point of Rocks, but as my business 
 calls I am on Mount Independancy 87 some Days 2 or 3 
 times in the Day as was the case this Day. Majr. Hay 
 was Appointed D. Assistant Q. M. & began his service. 
 
 31 This Day I was over at point Independance and 
 at the French lines, on the Heighths. 
 
 August 1 This Day All the Regts. turned out to 
 work at the new battery which was Visited by the Genls. 
 & a No. of Other Gentn, who all highly approved of the 
 work, at Sunset one howet was fired on board a large 
 Gundalow by way of experiment, the Shell brok in the 
 
64 
 
 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 air, one 13 inch Bomb was also thrown from the same 
 Gundelow on bord of which were about 20 men, when 
 the Bomb went of the Morter Split & the upper part 
 went above 20 feet high in the Air over the mens heads 
 into the water & hurt no man. the peice that blowd of 
 weighd near a ton, I was nigh & saw the men fall when 
 the morter burst, & it was a great wonder no man was 
 kild. 
 
 2 this morning I went early to Independant Point 
 where we Charged the other 13 inch morter, by way of 
 tryal, when she was fired she burst Just in the same man- 
 nar (only this was on the land, & the other was upon the 
 warter) that the other did near about the middle the 
 whole length, so that we have no large Morter here now, 
 these 2 morters were carried from this place to Cambridge 
 & brought back & went Down to Canada & then back to 
 this place, at an immence cost, altho they were worth 
 nothing. Reed by Genl. Gates's Order 300 Dollars to 
 pay for Tools, & other articles wanted in the army, in 
 the afternoon I went round to see how the works were 
 carried on at the french lines, found the works going on 
 fast. 
 
 3 laid out the ground for the Laboratory & Store 
 near the park on Mount independance, drawing timber 
 togeather for those buildings, wrote home by ye post. 
 
 4 this Day 2 french Inhabitants came in from St. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 65 
 
 Johns, who inform that a french fleet had arived in 
 Canad River, & that the Regulars were all but about 200 
 were gone from St. Johns & Chambolee to Quebeck with 
 there artillery, but they know nothing of Capt. Biglow 88 
 that went with the Flagg, or of Capt. Willson 89 who are 
 not returnd. 600 of the malitia arivd on the other side 
 ye Lake, 2 miles from the Fort & several came in for 
 provision &c. 
 
 5 in clearing the guns on bord of one of the gunde- 
 lows one of the cannon went of as they were charging it 
 & Killd the gunners mate he was blown into many peices 
 & scatterd on the water, this afternoon I found in an old 
 theifs pack, who was discharged & going home my Sar- 
 toot, silk breeches & 2 pair of Stockings, the thif is now 
 confind in Irons in the dungeon. 
 
 6 this Day Lieut. Whitcomb returnd. from a Scout, 
 has been near St. Johns, but brings no acct. of our Flag, 
 or of Capt. Willsons party, & and that there is to appear- 
 ance near 2000 Regulars at St. Johns, this morning I 
 found my Hatt with a Serjant, in the afternoon a lad 
 discoverd a pack in a Chimney which containd my Cloak, 
 Laiced Coat & Jacoat, so that I have found my Cloathing, 
 except my Shirts, 3 pair of Stockings & som Necks, the 
 Needle to my Compass, & Cash I have not found. 
 
 7 this Day Majr. Stewart, 90 Col. Courtland, 91 Col. 
 Hartly 92 & Capt. Bush 93 Breakfasted with me. Majr. 
 
 K 
 
 
66 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 Hay & Lady Came to Bord & Mess with me. this morn- 
 ing 2 of my shirts were found and some evidence apeard 
 with the finding of the Hatt & shirts, against Serjant 
 Majr. O'briant who desarted yesterday, & Genl. Gates 
 this Day sent an officer down to fort Edward or albany 
 to apprehend & bring back the desarter of who me I hope 
 to get the money & all those Stolen goods I have lost. I 
 let Lt. have 12 Dollars to bair his expense in his Journey 
 after the thief. 
 
 8 2 of my Cotton Shirts were found & a fair prospect 
 of finding the rest. I laid out a redoubt on the North 
 end of the french lines by the lake. Breakfasted with 
 Col. St. Clear, mad up a pay roll for the artifficers. 
 
 9 Dind with Col. D. Haws with large No. of Gentn. 
 in the Brush Hall, in the afternoon I went over to the 
 East point with Col. Hazen, Col. Antle, Col. Graton, Mr. 
 Yancy & others, this Day we hear that a reinforcement 
 was com to Genl. How at York, 4000 of them, Provin- 
 cials troops coming in to Skeenboro & to this place. 
 
 10 this Day the paymaster Genl. dind with me & the 
 Commisery Genl. with several other Gent. Made up the 
 pay roll for the artifficers of all Trades. 
 
 11 went over to Independant point with Genl. Gates 
 & Arnold to view the works, they exprest entire satisfac- 
 tion, in the afterNoon I Reed, (by a warrant from the 
 genl.) 1262 Dollars to pay the artifficers under my care. 
 
COL. JEDLTHAX BALDWIN 67 
 
 12 Last night about 12 o'clock Capt. Biglow returnd 
 with the flag from the regulars after being detaind about 
 a fortnight at the Oil Oix Noix, where he was treated 
 with coolness, & sivility by the Regulars, when he went 
 to that place there was not more than 50 Regulars, the 
 day after he arived there a reinforcement was Sent up 
 from St. Johns. Capt. Stevens & his party about 35 
 men were all taken by about 80 cannadians & Regulars 
 in burch Canoes Surrounded him & obliged him to sur- 
 render. Lt. Whitcom 94 when he was on his scout between 
 St. Johns & Chamblee discoverd an officer on horse back 
 coming towards him. he secreted himself till the Officer 
 came up & then he fired at & wounded him, but his horse 
 carried him off. we hear by Majr. Biglow that the officer 
 was Brigadear Genl. Gordon of the Regulars, who died 
 of his wound the next Day. Majr. Biglow carried 2 
 small chests of clothing for 2 of our officers who were 
 prisoners with the Regulars in Canada, but thev would 
 not receive them, they are brot back. Just as Majr. 
 Biglow was coming of an officer deliverd him a letter to 
 George Washing Esqr. which he very cooly reed, with 
 Genl. Carltons 90 Orders which are very Insolent as fol- 
 io weth, viz. Chamblee, August 7th. 1776. Parole St. 
 Jerome Counter S. Paris Genl. Orders His Exelency 
 Genl. Carlton Orders the commanding Officers of corps 
 will take spetial care every one under their Command be 
 
68 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 informd yt messages or letters from Rebels or trators in 
 arms against their King, Rioters, disturbers of the pub- 
 lick peace, plunderers, Robbers, assassines, or Murderers, 
 are on no account to be admitted; that should Emisaries 
 from such lawless Men again presume to approach, 
 whether under the name of Flag of truce men or ambass- 
 adors, (except when they come to implore the Kings 
 mercy) their Persons Shall be immediately seeised and 
 committed to a place of confinment in order to be pro- 
 ceeded against as the law directs, there papers & letters 
 for whomsoever, even for the Commander in Chief, are 
 to be delivered to the Provost Martial, that unopened & 
 unread they may be burnt by the hands of the common 
 Hangman, at the same time the commander in chief sup- 
 poses that neither the assassination of Brigadear Genl. 
 Gordon nor the late notorious streach of faith resolving 
 not to return the troops and Canadian taken at St. Johns 
 in exchange for those rebels who fell into the hands of 
 the Savages at the Seeders & Quenchen purchased from 
 them at a great price, and restored to there Country on 
 those express conditions, be not imputed to the provinces 
 at large, but to a fiew wicked & designing Men who first 
 deceivd themselves, by these misled, the credulous multi- 
 tude, to the brink of Ruin, afterwards usurped author- 
 ity over them established a dispotick Tyrony not to be 
 born, & wantonly & foolishly endeavor to provoke the 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 
 
 69 
 
 spilling the Blood of our unhapy Countrymen of this 
 Continent in hopes of covering over there own guilt or 
 confirming there Tyrany by the general disturbance of 
 there Country, let there crimes pursue those faithless 
 bloody minded Men who assart that Black is White, & 
 White is Black, it belongs to Brittons to distinguish 
 themselves not less by their humanity than by there Val- 
 yor, it belongs to the Kings Troops to leave the blood of 
 his deluded subjects whose greatest fault perhaps is hav- 
 ing been deceived by such men to there own distruction, 
 it belongs to the Crown, it is the duty of all faithful ser- 
 vants to restore from oppression and restore to liberty 
 the once free and happy loyal people of this continent, 
 all prisoners from the rebellious provinces who desire to 
 return home, are to hold themselves in readiness to 
 imbark at a Short notice, the Commisary Mr. Murry 
 shall visit the Transports destind for them and see that 
 wholsom provisions necessary cloathing with all possible 
 conveniency for theire passage be prepaired for those 
 unfortunate men. they are to look on there respective 
 Provinces as there Prison & there remain till further 
 enlarged or summoned to appear before the Commander 
 in Chiefs of this province, or any other commander in 
 Chief for his Majesty, for the Time being, which Sum- 
 mons they Shall Obey. Genl. How will regulate there 
 place of Landing. 
 
70 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 13 Genl. Bricket 96 came in from No. 4 with others. 
 
 14 laid out a redoubt on Independant Mount, which 
 Genl. Gates & others aprovd. of. Dind with Col. D. 
 Hart & Wain. 
 
 15 Raised the Labratory. Laid out & began 2 
 Ridoubts on the North end of the old french lines in the 
 afternoon. 
 
 16 laid out a Redoubt on the North side of the point 
 with Col. St. Clear & Cap. Newland, went over to Inde- 
 pendent Point Col. Hasel, Col. Antle, Col. St. Clear, Col. 
 wain, Col. Maxwell, Col. Trumball, Majr. Stewart & 
 others had a fine Dinner, they dind with Majr. Hay & 
 myself. 
 
 17 Laid out a wharf at the South side of Independ- 
 ant point & orderd a large Stoer House to be built & 
 also 2 guard housen & then I returnd with Col. Wain & 
 Col. Trumball, went into the woods near the Saw mill by 
 a Spring where we had a fine dinner, Venison roasted on 
 Sticks Indian fashon, an Elegant Entertainment made by 
 Col. D Haws, Col. St. Clear & Col. Wain at which the 
 Genl. & about 15 other officers were present, a fine 
 afternoon. 
 
 18 I went to Independant point, I returnd with an 
 invitation & dind with the Genl. in Compy with about 
 20 other officers. Comadore Winecoop confind by Genl. 
 Arnold. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 71 
 
 19 Dind at home Majr. Hay & his most agreable 
 Companion with Lt. Lukes dind my family out at Mr. 
 Adameses where I was invited but the hurry of Business 
 would not admit of going. 
 
 20 went with Genl. Bricket to the Redoubts laid out 
 a 1/2 Sircler one 
 
 21 over at the point to the workman. 
 
 22 Dind with Capt. Ayres. went over to Mackin- 
 toshes, ordered the Setting of the Great Store house & 
 Supt. with mrs Hay, Mr. Raiment went away. 
 
 23 Dind & Supt with Genl. Gates & Reed a letter 
 from Esqr. Gilliland. 
 
 24 laid out a Redoubt on the N. W. side on the 
 plain at the old French lines. 
 
 25 went out to the Sawmill to loo out a Suitable 
 place for 2 Regts to incamp Genl. St. Clair, Col. Wain, 
 Col. Allen & Capt. Dow went with me, Genl. Gates, 
 Genl. St. Clair, Col. D. Haws, Trumball, Lewis, Majr. 
 Steward & Docter Cannada dind with me in the after- 
 noon. Reed, a letter from Genl. Thomson informing 
 that he was at Quebeck harbour, Ready to Sail the 5th 
 of August with all the prisoners in Canada going to New 
 York, this letter came by two prisoners who had liberty 
 to return to there homes on the Lake by them we larn 
 that the Regulars are in a readiness to pay us a Visit 
 
72 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 26 a very Rainey Day I wrote & was paying of my 
 workmen all Day. 
 
 27 a very Rainey Day. 
 
 28 it raind hard & was dirty weather. Dind with 
 Genl. Gates & Supt. 
 
 29 Genl. Bricket & Capt. Newland Dind with me. 
 Concluded to build a Saw mill, began to hiew the Timber 
 in the afternoon Mr. Lucas went of for Philedelphia we 
 double mand our Smiths fires & workt in all the Shops 
 both night & Day to get the Shiping riggd. & the artil- 
 lery mounted. 
 
 30 Took Physic, was poorly, but went out a little 
 upon business ordered 20 Men to assist the Carpenters 
 geting timber to 1/ pr Day the time they are about the 
 Saw Mill. 
 
 31 the Lee Gundalo & Row Galley Saild from this 
 Down the Lake Sent a party down the lake to bring up 
 the Runing Geers of Mr. Raymonts Mill, Col. Brewers 
 Regt. & Col. Phinneys 97 Regt came in this Day. yester- 
 day Departed this life my very good friend Coll. Bond 
 & this D was buried under Arms after a suitable dis- 
 course, & Prayer, a discharge of Cannon at the Fort 
 much lamented by his brother officers, he lay Sick about 
 a Week & died with the yallow feaver. 
 
 Sept. 1 went out early in the morning with Genl. 
 Bricket to lay out som works, but it raind & previnted 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 73 
 
 it. I made up a pay roll for 3 companies of Artifficers. 
 Col. Waile, Majr. Schult & Capt. Crague 98 dind with me 
 & in the afternoon I went to Mr. Hitchcocks" Meeting. 
 
 2 went over the water to the point & then to the 
 Mills to lay out Col. Brewers Encampment. Col. Brewer 
 & Doer. Honeywood dind with me. 
 
 3 Gen. St. Clear, Col. D Haws, Col. Lewis 100 dind 
 with me. I supt with Genl. Gates. 
 
 4 Breakfasted & dind with Genl. Gates. 
 
 5 went round the works & over to the point & in the 
 afternoon to the Mills to order the Encampment of Col. 
 Willards Rigiment. this Day Reed a letter from Genl. 
 Schuyler, wrote at albana informing of a Battle at New 
 York, that the enemy had lost 6 thousand, & that we had 
 lost 3 thousand, that Genl. Sullivan & Genl. Sterling 
 were missing, but nothing to be depended upon, as the 
 report was Verbal to Albana. 
 
 6 this day I dind with Majr. Sherburn at Independ- 
 ant point, we again hear that 1200 Regulars & 600 
 provencials were killd. in the battle on Long Island & by 
 a letter from Col. Hartly at Crown point we are informd 
 that a Very heavey Cannonade was heard down the Lake 
 for about 3 Hours, which I suppose there must be an 
 Engagement between our fleet & the Enemy. 
 
 7 all hands at work at Daylight prepairing our bat- 
 teries against the worst. 
 
74 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 8 I was Very poorly this Morning as I had been yes- 
 terday & last Night I Took Camphire that made me 
 Swet all night, this morning took a portion Rubarb that 
 workt very kindly, in the afternoon I went out to Col. 
 Brewers & Willards Encampments & laid out a fort on 
 the Top of the Mount, North of the Mills, no news from 
 our fleet, this Day a party of Canadians & Indians were 
 discoverd between this & crown Point. 
 
 9 I was Very porly with Hard pain in my head & 
 Eyes, at Evning took a Vomit that workt well but kept 
 me up part of the night, heard that the Regulars lost 
 1461 Men killd. at the Several battles & left on the field 
 besides what were caried off, our Losses said to be between 
 700 & 1000 killd. & Missing but that several parties 
 have com in Since, no News from our fleet yet. 
 
 10 was so Sick that I did not go abroad, pain in my 
 head across my Eyes & in my Stomach & Sick at the 
 Stomach but could get nothing to take & so woried the 
 Day thro, about Sun Set our boat Returnd. that had 
 been down the lake to the fleet who informs that the fleet 
 ley at Windmill point, they Sent 18 men on Shoer to 
 make fasheens, a small party Soon discoverd an enemy, 
 about 40 Regulars, Canadians & Indians, who haild them 
 & offerd Quarters which was refused, & they, our people, 
 all got Safe into the boat, but they soon had 2 Men 
 Killd. & 7 wounded which were Brought to the fleet, this 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 75 
 
 brought on the heavey fire from the fleet that was heard 
 & they are yet safe. Reed. 3262 Dollars to pay of My 
 artificers, a Row galley came Down 
 
 1 1 paying of my workmen & about 3 o'clock another 
 Row galley came Down. I had a Severe fit of Ague & 
 fever that lasted 9 hours, about Sunset I took a Vomit 
 that workt well & gave Some Relief, but very faint & 
 weak. 
 
 12 Kept house had a nother hard turn of the fever & 
 ague. Majr. Hay went down the Lake, to purchase 
 Sauce, one Row galley is Called the Congress, the 2d 
 Row Galley is Calld. the Trumball 
 
 13 was Very faint and had the fiver & ague again 
 but not so hard as yesterday. 
 
 14 had a turn Of the fiver & ague this Day. 
 
 15 this Day I misst. having the ague, but was so 
 faint that I can hardly walk, my stomack loathing all 
 kinds of food, a little wine & water or Wine Whey being 
 the chief of what I have taken Since Last Sabath Day. 
 I am much better this evning but far from being well. 
 
 16 was somthing better and it is of the Lords mercy 
 that I am alive after Such a hard & constant fatigue 
 being out Early & late Crossing the water in the thick 
 Fogs, that are peculiar at this place. 
 
 17 Wrote to Mr. Forbes. I was better but no relish 
 for food, began to repair my Redoubt. 
 
76 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 18 was better, dind at Genl. Gateses with Mrs. Hay, 
 Col. D. Haws, Lt. Col. Pallacer and others Col. Pallicer 
 is a Lt. Col, a Frenchman. Lt. Col. Palliceur is com up 
 as an Assistant Engineer, we heard from the fleet that 
 they were all safe, a desarter came in & reports that 
 there is about 7000 Regular and other troops in Canada, 
 they are Very Sickly espetially the forreigners, that the 
 Inhabitants are much oppressed by them & often wish to 
 have the Bostoniens com back again, 2 others that came 
 of with him parted from him & are Missing. 
 
 19 Took physick, I broak out all over Very full 
 which burnt & is Very tedious to bair, but it is probible 
 this may be of great Service for I have been better 4 
 Days from the time I broak out with this Rash. 
 
 20 went a broad a little, but still unwell. 
 
 21 was poorly, went a broad but little. Majr. Hay 
 Came home, has been down the Lake 45 Miles, brought 
 up a plenty of Sauce for our Mess, he Says that 3/4 of 
 all the Inhabitants in this country are Sick, such a time 
 has not been known before. 
 
 22 I took physic, was better a good deal, feel well to 
 what I have been. 
 
 Lt. Whitcom & 2 others brot in 2 prisoners, one 
 Ensign Sanders of ye 29th Regt. & a Corporal, which 
 they took a little way from St. John' towards longgale, 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 77 
 
 they inform that the Regular army is Collected chiefly 
 at the Oil Oix Noix & St. John'. 
 
 23 I was much better except the braking out. 
 
 24 I went out Dind with Genl. Bricket. 
 
 25 The Small Schooner Came up from the fleet to be 
 refitted, She brought up 3 men that were wounded at 
 Shanty Point by a party of Regulars that decoyd. a boat 
 on Shore by Sending one man with his pack into the 
 water & hailing for a boat to come & take him in, he 
 Said he had desarted & wanted to get on bord the fleet, 
 but the boat well mand & armd went towards the Shore 
 with Caution, Starn foremost, the ambush was discoverd 
 before the boat reachd. the Shoer & they soon put oft" 
 & fired there Swivel & Small arms from the boat & the 
 Schooner also fired her guns, when Several of the Enemy 
 was seen to fall, there was a Genl. fire from the Enemy 
 & one of our men was killed & 3 wounded, it is Said 
 there was 3 or 400 of the Enemy in this party. 
 
 26 I went a Crosst. Independant Point to McDaniels 
 to See the Store & Wharf & other works going on there, 
 heard of the Battle at N. York, but the perticulars not 
 Sertain. Ma jr. Pierce Returnd. Last Evng. Mr. Lucas 
 Returnd. from Philedelphia he was at New York at the 
 time of the Action at Long Island, & New York & brings 
 the perticulars of the battles there. The Congress Row 
 galley of 10 guns, besides Swivels &c Saild. down the Lake. 
 
78 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 27 went over to Independant Point with Gen. Gates, 
 Genl. St. Clair & Col. Trumball to view the ground for 
 a fort to be built, afternoon wen to the Mills with Majr. 
 Hay Supt. with Genl. Gates & St. Clair, Col. Waine, 
 Trumball &c all in Very good Humour. 
 
 28 Drawing plans 
 
 29 I was round upon the works. Genl. Gates Genl. 
 St. Clear & there families dind with me 
 
 30 went over to Independant Point, we heard that 
 3 persons was taken by the Savages from Onion River & 
 that our people was com off & left the place, the Sol- 
 diers Confined the officers & Brought them off to Otter 
 Creek. 101 I was drawing plans. 
 
 Octor 1 went over to the point with Col. Pallaceer 
 to Lay out the fort, we Run Round the work but did 
 not finish. Esqr. Gilliland came up. 
 
 2 went with Col. Pallaseer, Capt. Newland & Lt. 
 Dallace 102 over to Independant Hill leying out the Fort 
 agreable to a New Plan I had drawn, the Several Assist- 
 ant Engineers Dind with me. I Supt. with G. Gates. 
 
 3 Genl. Gates, Revd. Dr. Gordon of Roxbury, Esqr. 
 Gilliland & Mr. McCalley Breakfasted with me. it raind 
 all Day. I had my Accts Settled, Reed. 518.J Dollars 
 on a Ballance of Acct. & for Service to the 30th. of 
 Septr. Took Physick as I went to bed. 
 
 4 Laid out Som works on Independant Hill 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 79 
 
 5 Majr. Butler 103 brought in Capt. Fassit 104 & his 
 Company Prisoners for desarting there post at Onion 
 River 105 about 80 of them were confind in the fort for 
 trial Joseph Wheeler Esqr Came to Lodg with me. Esqr 
 Gilliland & Esqr McCaley keep with me. 
 
 6 I was very unwell went abroad but little. 
 
 7 Genls Gates & St Clear Col. Trumball & Lewis 
 dind with us. we Reed the acct of about 1/4 of New 
 Yorks being burnt. I bought 34 Gallons of Starling 
 mediry wine brought from Albany for me at Dollars 
 pr Gallon is of which we partook an agreeable Glass & 
 then we had a Sociable dish of Tea which Closed the 
 afternoon. 
 
 8 made up an Abstract for the payment of the Arti- 
 ficers & Reed ,£1372 New York Currency Equal to 3431 
 1/8 Dollars, Esqr Gilliland, McCalley & Watsons Dind 
 with me. it raind & was Sloppy. 
 
 9 Paying off the workmen, a Court martial Sot for 
 the trial of the Onion River Prisoners Genl St Clear 
 Genl Bricket & the Pay Master Genl. dind with me. 
 after dinner we went over to the landing to Mr. Adams, 
 drank Tea. 
 
 10 went to the Mills & Col. Brewers Encampment 
 bought a 34 Gallons of wine paid for it 106 1/4 Dollars, 
 forty two pounds ten Shillings N. York money bought a 
 Cheeney bowl for 3 Dollars of Esqr. Gilliland. 
 
 
80 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 11 went over to independant point, began to Set up 
 the pickets all was well & without fear. 
 
 12 Laying platforms in my Redoubt, the Small 
 Schooner came from the fleet for provision & Saild down 
 again, we heard Cannon we were allaramed by the firing 
 of many Cannon. 
 
 13 this morning a Messinger came from the fleet 
 about ten o'clock with a letter from Genl. Arnold inform- 
 ing that he had with his fleet been ingaged with the Ene- 
 mies fleet 2 Day that we had lost a large Schooner run 
 aground & burnt by the enemy a Gundalow Stript & 
 Sunk by our men in the Bay of Bellcour our other Snip- 
 ing much damaged & that we had about 60 men killed 
 & wounded, but that we had got the better of the Enemy, 
 but our fleet were determind to retreat to Crown point, 
 we had this Day frequent information that our fleet was 
 in a Shatterd Condition. About 3 o'clock our Schooner 
 came in Sight, Soon after a Sloop & then a nother 
 Schooner, & then the Row Galley & after a gundalow, & 
 they were followed by the Inhabitants from Crown point 
 & from Panton, they were followed by Col. Hartlys Regt., 
 part by warter & part by land, bringing all the Horses, 
 Cattle & So forth, at Sunset the Enemy s fleet, 13 Sail 
 anchord off about four miles from Crown point & made 
 Signal for landing, all the boats came up in order to 
 take the men in to the boats, when the last accounts left 
 
-far ? Mr£?~d?-/jL &&#,.% of jfc.££>S~jf*~, 
 
 oxv^t/. ^^ A^v \se-crrK. a/zLy t^tv«t ffi^^ZZ^f 0^*2* 
 
 3/ ■ t^o^tA^i trva&sc&f &y»f<MCD. #j£uD &k#fir^ 
 
 FACSIMILE OF PAGE OF ORIGINAL JOURNAL OF COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 81 
 
 Crown point, all the buildings at & about Crown point 
 were burnt by our people. Some of the Inhabitants ran 
 Some 5, Some 7 or 8 Miles in the woods with women & 
 Children in the greatest distress, leaving all there Housel 
 stough, Cloathing &c to the enemy, or to the flames, a 
 Mellancholly Sight that was Seen at Ticonderoga, but 
 we may Expect a more Mallancholly Seen to morrow or 
 Soon. God prepair us for it & grant us a Compleat 
 Victory over our Enemy 
 
 Octobr ye 12 & 13 our fleet Destroyed, only 5 out 
 of 16. Returnd. 
 
 14 mounting all the Cannon we had Carriages for & 
 all the Carpenters & Smiths making New ones, our men 
 repairing the works & making preparation to receive the 
 Enemy, at Evning a Flag Came from Crown point with 
 Genl. Waterbury & 106 prison, they are on there paroll 
 not to take up arms in the presant dispute, & to return 
 when Calld. for. the Enemy had not landed when Genl. 
 Waterbury came away at 10 o'clock. Mrs. Hay went 
 for Albany with ye Baggage. 
 
 15 this Day we heard nothing from the Enemy. 
 Capt. Rew 106 came in through the woods with 16 men, 
 they left Genl. Waterbury Just before he Struck, went 
 into a battoe & went on Shore. 
 
 16 I Breakfasted with Genl. Bricket. one of our 
 Spies came in from Crown point & Says that the Enemy 
 
82 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 were incampt. in Col. Hartleys fort & on Chimney point, 
 about 100 tents in all & at Sunset the Enemy were land- 
 ing & pitching there tents & yt he Saw a large party go 
 out on the East Side of the Lake, he was informed that 
 they were going up Otter Creek & to Skeensborough & 
 Carlton said he would be in possession of Ticonderoga 
 before Sunday & on his way to Albany where he was to 
 have his Winter Quarters. Our Men work with life & 
 Spirits this Day which shows a determined resolution to 
 defend the place to the Last Extr. the habitants of the 
 lake went of to Skeensboro 97 in No. we had 15 Tons of 
 powder came into camp this Day & a Quantity of Lead. 
 
 17 Mounting Cannon, Making Carriages &c. Begun 
 to make a log across the Lake or Chain to prevent the 
 Shiping coming past the Jarsey Redoubt, it raind. 
 Commissioner cam to this place from Congress. 
 
 18 a Very Rainey uncomfortable wet Day, I visited all 
 the works & Redoubts & cut down part of the great bridge. 
 
 1 9 went to mount Hope & to the Mills. Dind with 
 Genl. Gates &c afternoon went to Independant point, we 
 cleard all our Guns Small arms & Cannon, Just at Sunset. 
 
 20 took the distance acrosst the Lake from the Jersey 
 Battery & at ye point. Dind with Genl. Bricket & Mr. 
 E Hitchcock, was out at ye Several works. Supt. with 
 Genl. Gates, proposed making a bridge a cross to Inde- 
 pendant Point it was aprovd. of by the Genl. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 83 
 
 21 I visited all the Several works on this Side both 
 in the forenoon & afternoon, in the forenoon 3 Indians 
 that was taken with Genl. Waterbury came in, they say 
 that 5 tribes of Indians are with the Canadian' army & 
 are many, the 3 Stockbridge Indians left the others at 
 Putnams Creek Last night, this evning, sone an hour 
 high, 14 of the Enemies burch canoes came in Sight of 
 3 Mile point, that allarremed the army on this side, the 
 Commissioners Set out for home. I sent 300 Dollars by 
 Mr. John Taylor, D. Commissary, to Elisha Avery Esqr. 
 Commissary Genl. for to be Sent to Mrs. Lucy Baldwin 
 at Brookfield. 
 
 22 Dind. with Genl. Gates, one Man killd. & 2 taken 
 by the Indians between the Mills & the landing, began 
 to put ye Boom togeather. 
 
 23 it is remarkable the wind has been in the South, so 
 that the Enemy could not come with there Vessels from 
 Crown Point Since they came there to fight us at this place. 
 
 24 nothing material hapined this Day. 
 
 25 finish the boom acrosst & building a Bridge. 
 
 26 the 2 prisoners taken ye 22 came in from Genl. 
 Carlton. Capt. Ayres came in with 70 Malitia 
 
 27 nothing material has happined this Day, only 
 hear of great Success at New York. 
 
 28 This morning I visited the workmen as Usual and 
 came in to breakfast about 8, while I was at breakfast 
 
84 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 the alaram Guns was fired, about 9 o'clock 4 boats hove 
 in sight at 3 mile point, one of the boats of the enemy 
 Sounded the Channel within a Mile of our Battery, at 
 11 o'c. we gave them a fiew Shot made them Hall of 
 again, about 17 boats Rowd. about in sight till Sun an 
 hour high & then they all went of. 3 Regts came over 
 from Independant point, the 2 Regts at the Mills & at 
 the landing was orderd. in, but soon after were Counter 
 orderd. 
 
 29 all was clear no appearance of the Enemy, finished 
 the bridge across the Lake to Independant point so that 
 men could pass. 
 
 30 all was in peace, Capt. Dow & Mr. Adams dind. 
 with me. Visited my workmen as Usual. 
 
 31 nothing material happined. I dind with Col. 
 Hartly, Col. Waine, Dr. Canada 107 & Dr. Johnson. 108 
 
 Novr. 1 Col. Daton 109 came in with his Regt. & a 
 Deserter from Crown Point, & says that Carltons Army 
 consisted of 10,000 besides 800 Canadians & Indians & 
 that they were determind to drive us from Ticonderoga 
 & that we might expet them to make a Vegerous push 
 Very soon; our men were orderd to have 3 Days pro- 
 vision ready Cooked and to ly on there arms ready. 
 
 2 The Comtt from Congress came in. The Comtt 
 from Mass States came in. I went round all the works 
 with the Comtts & Genl. Officers this Day. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 85 
 
 3 Drawing plans for the Continental States to send 
 by the Comtt. this Evning a Scout came in & Reported 
 that the Army had left Crown point, they went on bord 
 the fleet yesterday about 11 o'clock, one Ship & a fiew 
 others, boats, were in Sight. 
 
 4 this Day a Confirmation was brought in that the 
 Enemy had left Crown Point. 
 
 5 nothing material this Day. fair weather. 
 
 6 Making up pay Rolls for the Artificers. 
 
 7 Raisd a Barrak on Independant Point. Lt. Evens 
 went of to Canada with the flag commanded by Col. 
 Wigels worth. 
 
 8 Sent for Hay to Crown point, fair weather. 
 
 9 fair good weather for ye Season. 
 
 10 Raisd 4 Barraks on Independant Point. Col. 
 Whitcomb with the officers of his Regt. did me the 
 Honour to request me to take the Command of that 
 Regt. The Comtt. also gave me the offer of ye Regt. 
 Esqr Hill Died. 
 
 11 Employed 2 Men to Cut flints geting tools for 
 that purpose building Chimneys & Covering Barraks. 
 Nails came in, 20 Casks. 
 
 12 Our men complaind they could not work as they 
 had no other kind of provision but beef, flower came in 
 afternoon. 
 
 13 began to build me a House, fine Weather 
 
86 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 14 cold and Snow, raisd. Smiths Shops. 
 
 15 Col. dehaus marchd for Albany & Regt. 
 
 16 Genl. St Clair Marchchd with 5 Regts for Albana. 
 Raisd. 2 barraks on Independant Point, some Ice on the 
 Lake. 
 
 17 Col. Wigelsworth returnd from the Enemy at 
 Belcove & reports that he was treated with contempt & 
 111 used by ye Officers. 
 
 18 Genls. Gates, Arnold & Bricket left Camp 
 
 19 Col. Paterson, Wayne, Dr. Canady & several other 
 officers Dind. with me. Col. Patrson Marchd off. 
 
 20 Col. Phineys Regt. Marchd. of to Albany. 200 
 Men geting pickets, Stoning my Seller &c. Setled with 
 Mr. Yancy for ye Men, Raisd. my House at this place. 
 
 I Simon Evins Lieutnant on half pay in the Service of 
 his britanick Majesty, having been captivated by the 
 army of the united states of America in Canada, an 
 Inhabitant whereof I then was, & the Honourable the 
 Congress of the Said States, having resolved that the 
 inhabitants of Canada captivated by the united States & 
 not taken in arms be released & Sent home (a fiew 
 excepted) upon this condition yt they sign a parole that 
 they will not take up arms against the united States nor 
 give intelligence to the Enemies of Said States, I do 
 hereby agree & promis on the Honour & faith of a Gen- 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 87 
 
 tleman that I will faithfully comply with the condition 
 in the resolve before mentioned, containd during the war 
 between his Brittanick majesty & Said States or untill I 
 am duly exchanged, or discharged, I being released from 
 my captivity & having leave to return home to Canada. 
 Witness my Hand this 12 Day of Octobr 1776 
 Simon Evins 
 Copy 
 
 21 Over at Independant Point. I dind. with Col. 
 Wain & Col. Wood 110 
 
 22 it raind in the morning, onloading brick that 
 came from Crown Point. 
 
 23 went over to independant point. 
 
 24 Reed. 141.18/ Lawfull of Mr. Yancy for Sauce. 
 
 25 Reed. 147.9.8 New York Currency to pay the 
 workmen with that are going home. 
 
 26 paying off the men. Capt. Romanes 111 Came. 
 
 27 Drawing plans & Writing letters to inform what 
 will be nessacery in my department next year for an army 
 of a 10,000 Men. 
 
 28 Mrs Hay came up. Esqr. Gilliland went away. 
 
 29 went over to independant point. 
 
 30 Setled with Mr. Yancy. Making up abstract. 
 Deer. 1 Reed. .£850-12-8 New York Currency which 
 
 I this Day paid away to ye Officers. 
 
88 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 2 Wrote to Saml. Adams Esqr & made a Return of 
 tools & other Nessacerys wanted. The Enemy came this 
 afternoon to Crown Point, as Capt. Church Reports who 
 Saw them. 
 
 3 in the fore part of this Day we were prepairing to 
 receive the Enemy but at Evning the Ship came up to 
 Ti and brought Pertatoes & Indian corn from Onion 
 River to Sell, but it is only a Battoe with 3 blankets & 
 a bedtick for Sail that Loomd up at a distance but it 
 gave a great surprise to many. 
 
 4 Set out & went to Lake george landing. 
 
 5 Set out in ye Battoe at 6 o'clock, Called at the 
 hunting ground by Sabbath point, breakfasted & bought 
 2 quarters of venison for 13/ had a Very cold Voige 
 across the Lake, got into Fort George about x o'clock. 
 Very Cold. Lodgd with Mr. Cams. the Company 
 Majr. Stevens, 113 Majr. Frazier, 114 Dr. Canada, Capt 
 Cristy, 115 Capt Ayres, Mr Yancy 
 
 6 Came from Fort George came down 8 M to Mr. 
 
 7 Down to Hector Mc Neals Supt. & Lodgd. 
 
 8 to Genl. Schuylers & Lodgd at Stillwater. 116 
 
 9 to green Bush, Lodgd. at Lt Col. Fishers. 117 
 
 10 to Albana heard the News of the Battle With our 
 army but the Report was fals. 
 
 14 Reed, my wages to the Last of Deer., 180 Doll. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 89 
 
 Reed at the same time 5000 Dollars by Genl. Schuylers 
 Order to acct for 
 
 15 Writing orders to raise artificers 
 
 16 paid my sert for Express to Saratoga 24/ Left 
 Albany at Evning. the river frose over 
 
 17 Set out from Green bush Eastward paid Expences 
 from Ti to Albany 39/ paid at Albany & Green bush 44/ 
 Lodgd. at Kings near the pool. 
 
 18 Dind at Whites Lodgd at Hartworth. 
 
 19 Dind at Blanford paid for expences from Green- 
 bush to this place 20/ Lodgd. at Majr. Days W. Spring- 
 field 
 
 20 Breakfasted at Rd. Mr. Brecks at Springfield. 
 Dind at Lt. Scotts, Palmer & Rode Home. 
 
 21 Wrote to Capt Thayr to enlist a Com of Carpen 
 12/ a Snowy Day 
 
 26 paid Mr Hall for the Transport of Baggage from 
 Albany to Brookfield 88/0 Oliver Hows Expenses from 
 Albany to Brookfield 44/ had the pleasure of Being at 
 Brookfield from the 21 of Deer, to the 6th of January. 
 
 Jany 6. 1777 Set out from Brookfield & rode to 
 westboro. Lodgd. at the Revd Mr. Parkmans, was 
 strongly Invited to Brecks weding. 
 
 7 Rode to Cambridge, Lodgd at Bradishes 
 
 8 Dind with Majr. Browns & then rode to Boston, 
 waited on Genl. Ward. 
 
Lawfull Mo. 
 
 60. 
 
 5. 
 
 91. 
 
 11. 
 
 23. 
 
 0. 8 
 
 90 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 9 Majr. Chase & Majr. Brown 118 Dind with me at 
 Moultons. 
 
 10 Dind with Genl. Ward I paid Ezekel Gould 
 Thwait 215. 10/ Lawfull. 
 
 11 Dind. with Esqr. Gouldthwait Esqr. with a Large 
 Company. Teems went to Ti. 
 
 12 Dind with Col. Gridley. 
 
 13 paid Saml. Cookson 
 paid Green & Cleverly 
 for Tools for the Continent, 
 paid Mr. John Welsh 2 Notes 
 
 Rode in the afternoon to Maldin, Lodgd at Newells 
 Tavern. 
 
 14 Dind. at Manchester, Lodgd. at Cape Ann. 
 
 15 at the Harbour, dind. at Mr. Coffins. 
 
 16 went to Squam, 119 dind. & Lodgd. at Mr. Persons 
 with Deacon Merrits. 
 
 17 went over to Col. Coffins, Dind. & Lodgd 
 
 18 went to the Harbour, Dind. & Lodgd. at Mr. 
 Forbes, a Valuable prise came in. 
 
 19 went to Mr Forbes Meeting, dind at Mr. Coffins 
 & Lodgd. Supt. with Capt. Prentice. 
 
 20 rode to Ipswich, dind With Mr. Smith, Lodgd. at 
 Mr. Noyses with Isaacat Byfield. 
 
 21 to NewburyPort Lodgd. at Greenleaf. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 91 
 
 22 Rode from Nubary Port to Greenland. Lodgd. 
 at Mr. Foolsoms. 
 
 23 to Portsmouth Dind. & Lodgd. at Mr. Foolsoms 
 
 24 it Snowd & raind hard all Day. 
 
 25 Rode to Nubury Port, paid John Emery for 
 2000 lbs Steel ,£300 
 
 26 went to meeting. Dind. with Col. Ingersol. 
 went to Church in the afternoon. Supt. & Lodgd. at 
 Mr. Alexr Hills. 
 
 27 Rode to Salam, Lodgd at Goodhews. 
 
 28 Rode to Boston. 
 
 29 Fast Day, went to meeting paid Capt. John Har- 
 ington of the armourers 100 Dollars to support his men 
 to Albany, paid 24 Dollars for a Watch. 
 
 30 paid Majr. Chase 126. 3. 6. 
 
 paid Mr. Stickney for Carting Steel 3. 2/. 
 paid Capt. Low 120 130 Dollars. 
 & paid Lt. Emerson 130 Dollars. 
 Supt. with Capt. McNeal. 
 
 31 Breakfasted with Capt. McNeal, 121 went to See 
 his Ship. Dind. with Majr. Chase & Set out West, went 
 to Concord, Lodgd. with Brother Saml. Parkman. 
 
 Feby. 1 to Bror. Wm. Parkman. Dind. at Westboro, 
 Revd. E Parkmans. Lodgd. at Licester, Bro. A. Parkman. 
 
 2 Rode home to Brookfield, went to meeting after- 
 noon. 
 
92 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 3 at home. 
 
 4 at home. 
 
 5 at Home. Reed, a letter from Genl. Schuyler by 
 Mr. Waite. 
 
 6 at home. Sent my Chist of. 
 
 8 Left Brookfield, lodgd. at Palmer at Mr. Scotts. 
 
 9 Rode to westfield, dind. at Mrs. Claps, to Blan- 
 ford m Lodgd. at Peases. 
 
 10 to Tithingham 123 dind. at Brewers Lodgd. at 
 Mansfields, Great Barrington. 124 
 
 11 Rode to Canderhook, 125 Lodgd at ye Mills. 
 
 12 to Albany, dind. at Verners, waited on Genl. 
 Schuyler and Col. Lewis. 
 
 13 Dind. with Genl. Schuyler. Spent the afternoon 
 and Evning at his house with Col. Lewis, Mr. Chuyler 
 & Mr Yates, Members of the Pro. Congress 
 
 14 Sold my Horse & Saddle for 73 J Dol. to Capt. 
 Alexander 126 drank Tea with Doer. Stringer. Spent the 
 Evning with Col. Hayzen. Visited the Hospitals. Reed, 
 orders of Congress & Genl. Schuyler. 
 
 15 Breakfasted with Genl. Schuyler. Wrote to Majr. 
 Varmonet & Capt. Marquize that there immediate pres- 
 ents is nessacery in this Town. 
 
 16 Majr. Vermonet & Capt. Marquize came to. 
 
 17 18 19 at albany. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 93 
 
 20 Sent of 2 Sleys to Ticonderoga. Setled accts with 
 ye Commissioners Reed, my Chist &c wrote to Capts 
 Thayer, Harington & Eaton. Mrs Hay in Town. Drank 
 Tea with Esqr. Lewis & Mrs. Hay Majr. Stevens Come in. 
 
 21 Breakfasted with Majr. Mason. Drank Tea with 
 Colonel Hayzen. Majr. Hay come to town. 
 
 22 Setled my affairs & Sent of my Baggage & Store 
 Sleighs & followed them in the afternoon myself. Rode 
 to Stillwater, Lodgd at Blood Goods. 
 
 23 Sunday. Rode 15 miles to McNeals to Breakfast, 
 to Wings to Diner & Lodgd at Blacks L. George. 
 
 24 set out at 8 o clock. Crossed 2 Very bad cracks 
 before we got of. Foxes on ye Island, then I walked 
 to ye Narrows with one Frost & Majr. Stevens, where we 
 sounded the depth of the water, 7 fathoms in one place 
 &c. and the width of the Chanel is 280 yards between ye 
 two Islands, then rode to Sabath day point where we 
 made a good fire, fed our horses & Eat some Vituals & 
 then rode of in a Very great Snowstorm, wind at N. W. 
 got to Ti about 5 o clock. 
 
 25 went over to Mount Independance, Dind & Supt 
 with Col. Waine. 
 
 26 Visited the workmen. Rode with Col. Waine to 
 Mount Independance & round to his house. Dind & 
 afternoon Col. Waine, Col. Vark rode with me to the 
 landing. Drank wine &c. Requested of Col. Wain that 
 
94 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 men might be ordered to Saw bords with Whipsaws & 
 that a large party might be ordered to Cut Timber for 
 the great Bridge &c. 
 
 27 went to mount Independance the forenoon, ordered 
 the wicker gates to be hung and the Gates Barred, by 
 a Letter from Genl. Schuyler says that a war with France 
 is the cause of the English requesting peace of the Amer- 
 icans. Col. Waine, Col. Varck & Col. Barber Drank 
 Wine & Supt. with me. Majr. Stevens Dind. with me. 
 
 28 began to hall Logs for the Bridge. 
 
 March 1 began to build the Great Bridge, from 
 Ticonderaga to Independant point. 
 
 2 at work at the Bridge. 
 
 3 at the bridge, Rode with Col. Waiyn to ye Mills. 
 
 4 Rode with Col. Wayne up the Creek. 
 
 5 at the bridge. 
 
 6 at ye Bridge. 
 
 7 ye Bridge. 
 
 8 Smiths came up, a fine Day at ye Bridge. Supt 
 with Col. Wayne, 3 french Engineers Came. 
 
 9 Sunk 10 Cassoons & put down many of the posts. 
 Col. Wayne, Mr. Adams & Lady, Dr. Mc Crey 127 & Mrs 
 Peters Dind with us. 
 
 10 geting down the Cassoons, the Ice began to fail. 
 
 11 workt at ye Bridge, rode up East Creek. 
 
 12 Drawd. Plans for Hospital 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 95 
 
 13 began to cut timber for Hospitals, the Sleymen 
 went off work. 
 
 14 The Ice very Roten, left working at the bridge, 
 went over ye Mount. 
 
 15 the 3 French Engineers went off. 
 
 16 Rode over to Mount Hope & thro the woods & 
 over the Hills West. Drank Tea at Mr. Adams with 
 Col. Wayne, Majr. & Mrs Hays, Dr. McCray. Began 
 the Plan of the Fort on Mount Independance. 
 
 17 Drawing plan. Raised the Roof of the Block 
 house by Head Quarters. 
 
 18 went with Majr. Hay to the Mills in Serch of his 
 lOOi? Lost. Ephriam Potter confind. cuting timber 
 for the hospital, went over to ye Mount. 
 
 19 Reed, a Letter from Genl. Schuyler & wrote an 
 answer to him. 
 
 20 Capt. Low came in with 28 Carpenters. 
 
 21 puting ye foot Bridge in order across ye Lake. 
 
 22 Rode out to ye Mills & to Mr Adams, at Even- 
 ing he came in after being four Days with the Enemy, 
 he with 2 others were going to Sabath day point with 13 
 Horses on ye west side the Lake & were Taken by Capt. 
 McKoy with about 18 Cocknewago Indians, about 3 
 o clock afternoon five miles North of Sabath day point, 
 soon after he was taken Capt. Baldwin came along with 
 about 25 Men from Ticonderoga going to Fort George 
 
96 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 on the Ice. the Indians consealed themselves in ye 
 Woods until about 3 o clock at night. Capt. Baldwin 
 with his men passed by to Sabath Day point where they 
 made a fire Ley down & went to sleep, when the Indians 
 attacked them Killed 4 & took 20 which they carried off 
 but Mr. Adams being well acquainted with Capt. McKoy, 
 he pleading that he was only an inhabitant did not belong 
 to the Army obtained Leave to return after marching 30 
 
 23 Capt. Eaton came in. part of Col. Robison 
 Regt. went of. Capt. Thayer & Esqr. Winslow dind. 
 with me. Sent a post to Albany. 
 
 24 went to mount Independance. by Capt. Peters 
 we heard that 2 men were taken between Fort George & 
 Fort Edward, a post went to Boston. 
 
 25 Dind. with Col. Wayne. Cold. 
 
 26 one Peer of the Grt Bridge fell to peices. 
 
 27 the Bottom of another Peer fell out. 
 
 28 Col. Wayne Dind. with us. 
 
 29 so Cold that we could not work at the Bridge. 
 Geting Timber for ye Hospital. 
 
 30 went out to the Landing with Mrs. Hay, Col. 
 Wayne, Mr. Stone & Majr. Hay & drank Tea with Mr. 
 Adams. Dind. with Col. Wayne. Pleasant Day. 
 
 31 finished giting timber for 4 Hospitals, a warm 
 Day, wind at South. Ice fails fast. 
 
 April 1 at work at ye Bridge, Raisd ye Bake House. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 97 
 
 2 wrote to Genl. Schuyler & sent a plan of a pro- 
 posed fort to be built on mount Independance, went with 
 ye Qr. M. Genl. & laid out a large gardin at ye foot of 
 the Mount. Col. Wayne, Majr. Rian 128 & Dr. McCray, 
 ('apt. McColey & Mrs Adams Dind. with me. a post 
 went of to Phelidelphia. 
 
 3 a Snowey wet Day Dind. with Majr. Ryon. 
 
 4 Genl. Wayne, Col. Long, 129 Col. Mooney 130 dind 
 with me. a cold Day. 
 
 5 went to the Saw Mills in the Morning, to Mount 
 Independance afternoon, drank Tea at Col. Longs with 
 Genl. Wayne. 
 
 6 Capt. Whitcom went down the Lake with 10 Men 
 & 3 Carpenters. Capt. Nichols 131 came in. Dind. with 
 a No. of Gentn. & Ladies at Col. Longs, warm Day 
 
 7 Majr. Stevens came up from Boston, went over to 
 Mount Independance. Lookt out a place to hoist the 
 provisions out of the Lake on to the Mount with a Rope 
 & blocks, dind. with Genl. Wayne. 
 
 8 at the Bridge & among ye workmen. 
 
 9 dind at Col. Longs, & very warm Day. 
 
 10 went up East Creek with Genl. Wayne, Col. Long 
 & Majr. Stevens, Mrs Hay &c. 
 
 1 1 Mrs. Hays fairwell diner to a No. of Officers. 
 
 12 got the Boom a cross the Lake. Col. Bassett 132 
 
98 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 went off for Willsboro 133 with 96 Men. went up to the 
 Saw Mills with a No of Officers. 
 
 13 this Day part of Whitcombs Scout returnd, and 
 inform that several parties of ye enemy were out this way 
 yt they were fired upon by 3 Indians one of our men 
 
 thro his hat ye Indians ran off. sent 2 
 Battoes down the Lake with 40 Men well armed to rein- 
 force Col. Bassett & Bring off Hay &c. the Enemy fre- 
 quently have passed from Cumberland head, 4 Brothers 
 & to Gilliland Creek seen by ye Inhabitants, a very 
 Rainey Day. Genl. Wayne, Majr. Stevens, Majr. Ryon, 
 Doer. McCray & Doer. Stewert dind with us. 
 
 14 Rode to the landing with Mrs. Hay, Genl. Wayne, 
 Col. Long, Majr. Hay & Esqr. Winslow, went to accom- 
 pany her out of camp going to albany thinking it not 
 safe to stay at this place as the Lake is now open for the 
 Enemy & our Numbers inconsiderable by no means Equal 
 to a body to defend this place, drank Tea Punch & 
 wine at Mr. Adamses & live as gayly as if danger was at 
 a distance. 
 
 15 went to mount Independance & over to the scotch- 
 mans with a No. of Officers. 
 
 16 Col. Basset Returnd. last evning without as it was 
 Strongly guarded by the enemy. 
 
 17 went to ye mills with Genl. Wayn & Col. Long, 
 dind. with Genl. Wayne, rainey. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 99 
 
 18 4 of the Enemy s boats 10 mils below Crown point 
 discoverd by the raingers Col. Basset & 100 men went 
 down the Lake well armed. Mrs. Peters went down with 
 her Child. 
 
 19 4 Indians fired at by the sentry at the Mills last 
 night, at work at the Bridge, Block housen & Laying 
 Platforms, dind. with Majr. Stevens. 
 
 20 went to the mills & to mount Independance. 
 
 21 one of the piers of the Bridge turnd. over. 
 
 22 went over Mount Prospect & down to the mills. 
 Col. Bassett returnd. from Crown point with 20 Tons of 
 Hay & 2 Load faciens & 2 small cannon left by the regu- 
 lars last year. dind. with Genl. Wain, Genl. Patersons 
 & others. Col. Brewer came in with Col. Carlton. 
 
 23 Col. Marshal 134 & Col. Francis 135 came in. went 
 in the berge with Genl. Wayne, Genl. Paterson, Col. 
 Long & Majr. Stevens up 3 Miles towards Skeensboro 
 after Veal. dind. at Capt. Levensworths 136 
 
 24 raisd. the fraim for the Crane on the edge of the 
 Mount for hoisting up whatever may be wanted on Inde- 
 pendance. Dind. at Col. Longs with all ye Field officers. 
 
 25 The Field & Genl. officers Dind. at our House. 
 Gen. Wayne orderd to ye Southward. One of Col. Mar- 
 tials men had his hand blown of by his gun bursting. 
 Dr. Johnson came up. 
 
100 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 26 all the Field officers Dind. at wallises Tavern & 
 Supt. ye Entertainment given. 
 
 27 Dind. at Genl. Waynes, a Very Rainey D 
 
 28 a field Day. Dind. at Genl. Waynes, a scout 
 went down the Lake, went to the Sawmills with the 
 Comp drank Tea Syllebub &c. 
 
 29 Crosst. the Lake to Fort George with Genl. Wayne 
 & Drs Johnson & Rosse 
 
 30 Genl. Wayne left Fort George. 
 May 1 a Rainey Day, wind at North. 
 
 2 at Fort George, almost Sick with the cold I got 
 crossing the Lake. I kep at Head Quarters with Col. 
 Van Dyck, 137 Supt. with the Officers & Doers, at the 
 Hospetals. 
 
 3 Set of with Dr. Johnson abot 8 o'clock this morn- 
 ing had the wind a head stopt at fox or 14 miles Island 
 & at 18 mile Island, high wind taried untill about Sun- 
 set when the wind abated, we set off again & got up to 
 the Landing a little before sunrise, discoverd Indian 
 fires on the mountains below Rogerses Rock, 138 I almost 
 Sick with a cold. 
 
 4 Returnd. to Ticonderoga, was bled in the arm. 
 Genl. Paterson, Col. Long, Marshal & Francis Dind. with 
 us. 
 
 5 laid out the ground for the Hospital, field Day. 
 afternoon I was better 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 101 
 
 6 went to the Mills with Genl. Paterson. a Block 
 house ordered to be built near the North mill on the 
 Hill. Capt. Whitcom discovered 16 Indians 4 miles S. 
 W. of the mills 
 
 7 a Wet Day. Genl. Paterson-, Col. Francis, Doer. 
 Stodard & Capt. Raymond dind. with me. 
 
 8 a Rainey Day. heard of Indians on ye Lake. 
 
 9 Laid out & began a Redout between the french 
 lines & ye old fort on high Ground. 
 
 10 Carpenters left work at ye Bridge & went to driv- 
 ing a frieze round the front of the french lines, a scout 
 went down ye L- 
 
 11 began the Redout on ye Hill at ye french lines. 
 13 Tories brought in. 
 
 12 Examining the Tories. Dr. Potts, Col. Kosi- 
 osko 139 & Col. Wilkinson 140 came in. 2 Tories brot in. 
 
 13 Examining 15 Tories that were taken in Arms 
 near Otter creek below Crown Point; Viz. Simpson, 
 Jenny, Benja Cole, Edward Simmons, John Hart, Saml. 
 Philips, Nathl. Corbin, Aaron Cole Junr., Joseph West, 
 Wm, West, Aaron Cole Senr., David Cole, John John 
 Philips, John Martyn all of and belonging to the New 
 hampshire grants. After a long & cross Examining 6 
 of them Acknowledged there whole Plot & informd of 12 
 others that were knowing to & advising them to go to 
 St. Johns to Join the Regular Army. Dr. Potts & Col. 
 
102 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 Kosiosko Lodg with us. Dind. at Genl. Patersons. 
 went to ye Mills. 
 
 14 Viewd. the Lines, at work on ye Redouts, a fine 
 Day. we heard that the Naval Store & Provision Maga- 
 zine at St. Johns were lately burnt, if this be true we 
 shall not soon be attack. Heaven fights for us to pre- 
 vent our distruction. Genl. Paterson with a No. of 
 Gentn. Dind. with me. 
 
 1 5 went round the lines with Lt. Col. Kosiosko. Col. 
 Hay went to skeensboro. 
 
 16 wrote to genl. Gates & Col. Stewart. Genl. Pat- 
 erson, Cols. Francis, Wilkins, Kosiosko & Majr. Hull 141 
 Supt. with me. Dind with Majr. Stevens, was round the 
 works, Col. Bellows came in with the malitia. drawing 
 plans of ye Hospital & the works at Fort George & Sent 
 them down to Genl. Gates. Rainey Day. 
 
 17 went round to the works on this side and on 
 Mount Independance Dind. with Dr. Potts, a Showry 
 Day. 
 
 18 this morning Capt. Stone brought in 2 prisoners 
 both belonging to the New hampshire grants, one of them 
 late from Canada & confirms the Acct. of ye Genl. House 
 & a Store being burnt & that the enemy are building one 
 20 gun Ship at St. Johns. Col. Hay came home. 
 
 19 Raisd. the flagstaff on Mount Independance. 
 
 20 Genl. Poor Came in with 600 Men. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 103 
 
 21 went round the work with Genl. Poor. 
 
 22 a large fatigue party at the French lines. Dind. 
 with Doer. Potts & ye Genls. 
 
 23 at the works on the french lines & at Mt Inde- 
 pendance. Genl. Paterson & Col. Kosiosko went to 
 Skeensboro. Majr Ayres came in. 
 
 24 Majr. Ayres & Capt. Wilcott 142 Joind. my works 
 as Assistant Engineers. Genl. Poor Rode with me to ye 
 Mills. Coll. Marshall, Dr. Stodard & Majr. Ayer dind. 
 with me. a fine pleasant Day. 
 
 25 the boom & Bridge in a heavey gale of wind gave 
 way & with some difficulty they were brought back to place. 
 
 26 On Mount Independance a good part of this Day. 
 Esqr. Winslow viewd my acct. I bught a Horse for 110 
 Dollars. 
 
 27 Raisd the Hospital N. side & a Store. Dind. 
 with doer. Johnson. 
 
 28 a scout Retumd. from Split rock (Lt. Liford 143 ) 
 & says that the Enemy was there with two Vessels 7 Gun- 
 boats & about 40 Battoes. Exspresses wer sent immedi- 
 ately to albany to berkshire & to No. 4 & Capt. Whit- 
 comb down the Lake to watch the motions of the Enemy, 
 began another redout on the high ground N. W. from 
 the fort in ye rear of ye french lines. 
 
 29 work at ye Bridge Anchoring of ye Boom & get- 
 ing Logs for it. Laid out a Redout to ye Left between 
 
104 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 ye old fort & french Lines part of Capt. Whitcombs 
 Scout came in & inform that the Enemy fired yesterday 
 about 80 Cannon, besides a Number of Volleys of Small 
 arms at & near the Split rock. 
 
 30 Reed. 9,000 Dollars, paid of my workmen, had 
 10 Cannon come from Lake George. Mrs. Tucker kep 
 at our house, came from Skeensboro. at Evning Capt. 
 Whitcom came in & reports that the Enemy was gone 
 back from Split rock down ye Lake. 
 
 31 Rode to the Mills & round to the workmen, in 
 the afternoon to Mt. Independ. 
 
 June 1 Rode to the Landing & paying of my work- 
 men. Rote to Genl. Gates. 
 
 2 Dind. with the Surgeons on ye Mount. 
 
 3 Agreed for SO Brickmakers & 16 masons & 40 
 Shingle Makers. 
 
 4 paying of my workmen, brickmakers began to 
 work. Lt. Emerson Discharged. 
 
 5 Rode to the Mills & to ye Landing with Genl. 
 Paterson, Col. Long & Hay. 
 
 6 Col. Kosiusko came up from Albany. 
 
 7 Rode over Mount independance. Laid out long 
 lines between the redoubts that I hope will never will be 
 finished as they are Staked now. 
 
 8 went round among the workmen in the morning & 
 to crown point with Genl. Paterson, Col. Kosiusko, Dr. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 105 
 
 Crague & Doer. Majr. Armstrong 144 & 30 men measured 
 the width acrosst to Chimney point 400 yards & the 
 Chaniel in the deepest place 56 feet water for about 100 
 yards wide & then grows shallower gradually on both 
 sides. 
 
 9 came home in ye morning dind with the Doctors 
 at ye Hospital. 
 
 10 went to ye Hospital forenoon, dind with Genl. 
 Paterson & a large company of Officers at Genl. Poors 
 headquarters. 
 
 1 1 Rode to the Mills & over to ye Mount. 
 
 12 Genl. St. Clair came in. 2 prisoners brot in from 
 Canada, they say the enemy will in fact be here in about 
 a fortnight 10,000 Strong. 
 
 13 went round the works with Genl. St. Clair, it 
 raind hard the most of ye Day. 
 
 14 went with Genl. St. Clair over & round Mount 
 Independance. movd the floating Bridge to the loer side 
 of the Peers, in the afternoon went with Col. Kosiusko 
 to advise what works had best be done on the mount, 
 drank Coffey with ye Genl. 
 
 15 ordered to Skeensboro to order the works repaird 
 at that place, went up in Company with Capt Fisher & 
 Mrs. Tucker. Lodgd with Capt. Lonson. 
 
 16 Layd out the lines for a new Fort, the old one all 
 to be taken down. Lodgd at Govenor Skeens Seat. 
 
106 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 17 began the work of the new fort. Dind with Mrs. 
 Tucker, Capt. Lonson, Capt. Fisher and the Chaplain of 
 Col. Warners Regt. Mr Allen, went into ye Publick 
 fields. 
 
 18 Left Skeensboro at 8 o'clock morning. Dind at 
 2 way spring, wind ahead. Stopt at 6 miles point, 
 met the Schooner & Gundola going up to Skeensboro. 
 heard that the Indians had taken 2 of our people & 
 killd four others & wounded three more, the 2 first 
 taken & 2 killd were betwen the French lines & the 
 bridge, yesterday, two more killd & 3 wounded about 
 half way to Crown point, a party of Raingers. 
 
 19 Genl. Schuyler came in. this morning breakfasted 
 with ye Genl. Capt. Whitcom cam in & brot an Indian 
 scalp, saw where 2 others had been halld away after they 
 were killd. 
 
 20 a scout returned from Crown point they discovired 
 near 5 mile point the tracks of about 30 of the enemy & 
 saw 2 indians which they fired at but they being at two 
 great a distance they made there escape, began the 
 works at 3 places on Mt. Independance. I dind with a 
 large Company at ye Hospital. 
 
 21 went over the Mount & round the works with 
 Genl. Schuyler & St. Clair & movd som cannon from Ty 
 to the mount south wharf the Genl. Officers & a number 
 of others dind with us. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 107 
 
 22 Genl. Schuyler went off for Fort George, after- 
 noon I rode to the Landing. Drank Tea with mrs 
 Adams. 
 
 23 dind with Genl. Poor, went onto the mount with 
 Genl. St. Clair proposed to make a Laboratory of the old 
 Hospital, a scout came in from Onion River & says 
 that the enemy are incamped at Gillilands in a great No. 
 of Tents the Indians very thick they took one of his 
 party & the rest but Just made there escape & that the 
 Enemy would soon be at Ty with there army & 9 Vessels 
 besides Gunboats battoes &c. &c. 
 
 24 the regulars came to Crown Point. 
 
 25 the Artificers passed muster. alaremed with 
 indians. 
 
 26 one man killd & another scalped by the indians 
 between the Mills & the landing, paid 103. 14. 3 for 
 wine, Shugr, Cheese, Coffey & Chocolat. worked at the 
 bridge & Breastworks. 
 
 27 leying platforms on the batteries on the S. E. 
 side the Mount & driving piles acrosst the E creek carry- 
 ing stores over to the mount. 
 
 28 the Enemy incamped at putnams point & 4 Ves- 
 sels on this side. 3 men came in & report that by infor- 
 mation from one of the Inhabitants the enemy are 8000 
 regulars, 1500 Canadians & Indians, that they had near 
 a 1000 Tents pitched, by a nother person from Otter 
 
108 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 creek that 500 are gone up that way & was last night 
 within 8 miles of Rutland, where we have a considerable 
 store belonging to N. H.r 
 
 29 a large Quantity of provision brot from the land- 
 ing Lake George left only about 25 barrels of pees & 
 flower there, moving our Magazines to the Mount. 
 
 30 early in the morning the Enemy appeared at 3 
 mile point with 18 Gunboats & a flew other boats land- 
 ing about 300 men that marched up to the mills to the 
 bridge & in front of the Breastwork but were soon drove 
 back, this afternoon two large Ships appeared, one 20 
 guns & the other a 16 gun Ship & 2 tenders they warped 
 up in a line with the Boats across the lake from 3 mile 
 point & made a formidable appearance. 
 
 July 1 a Reinforcement came to the Enemy, about 
 41 battoes & landed on the East side, where they incamped, 
 & the enemy incamped this Day at 3 Mile point, landed 
 there artillery & throwing up works on both sides, a 
 considerable firing at the mills, but no mischief done, 
 this morning 2 expresses came across lake george with 
 good news from G. Washington, that the Enemy was 
 flying on which account we had a Fu. d' Joy at 12 o clock 
 fired 13 Cannon &c. 
 
 2 a large reinforcement came to the Enemy, about 1 
 o clock they attacked our lines after driving in our piquet 
 of which they killed one Lieut, of warners, 4 privats & 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 109 
 
 wounded 11 others, the Enemys Loss not known, this 
 morning the block house & Mill burnt and the party got 
 in Safe, the Enemy all round us & very bold firing away. 
 
 3 the enemy throwing up one battery in front of ye 
 french lines, a move in front of the Jersey battery 
 across the water & very peacible all day. Took down 
 ye Block house on the Mount & began a Magazine. Col. 
 Bellows 145 Came in with 800 Men & 80 head of Cattle 
 besides Sheep, a fine reinforcement at this Time when we 
 are surrounded by our enemy, which I pray God may be 
 Scattered. 
 
 4 puting up the Block house, moving som Cannon, 
 laying platforms & prepairing for the Seige, the enemy 
 Numerous & bold. 
 
 5 the Enemy appeared on the Mount above on the 
 S. W. opening a Battery, a large Ship came up. a high 
 wind at N. the Enemy made a disposition of an attack 
 but were prevented by the high wind or from some other 
 motive, but now appeared to be in readiness to open 
 there Batteries, about 10 o clock at night, a Speedy 
 retreat was ordered and the main boddy of the army got 
 off From Ty & Mount Independance a little before Sun 
 rise followed by the Enemy but did but little damage. 
 
 6 Marched thro 1 the woods to Castleton, 146 dind at 
 Shermons, Hobbleton. Lodgd at Castleton where the 
 Enemy had killd Capt. Williams we took 8 prisoners out 
 
110 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 of a party of 500 Canadians and Regulars & about 40 
 cattle. 
 
 7 in the morning a heavey fire in the rear for some 
 time near an hour a heavey battle, but as the rear con- 
 sisted of the feeble part of the army they, after an obsti- 
 nate resistance were obliged to give way to superior num- 
 bers, the body of the army Marchd to Rutland, dind 
 at Col. Meedses where we were Joind by a No. of Col. 
 Warners Men & those that had been in action. Just at 
 night we marched to a Very woody place the inhabitants 
 gone. 
 
 8 Very Rainey Afternoon and night. 
 
 9 Marcht between the Mountains to arthington left 
 Col. Warner at Manchester. 
 
 10 Marched 20 Miles to Bro. 
 
 11 had men Died on the road, we lodgd Near 
 salatoga a Very wet afternoon & night, many of our 
 men ley in the woods without fire or covering, many 
 Sick. 
 
 12 went to fort Edward. Genl. Nixon 147 with his 
 Briggade came to Fort Edward the Artificers ordered to 
 Saratogo. I lost all my baggage at Skeensboro with my 
 papers with 6491 Dollars of Publick money & left desti- 
 tute of a second Shirt, stockings or breeches to change 
 my linen, the long & fatigueing march of 110 Miles 
 thro the woods has brought me Very dirty & uncomfort- 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 111 
 
 able, all the Artillery, Stores & Provisions & Baggage of 
 all kinds Lost. 
 
 13 Rode to Moses Creek & round thro the woods 
 With the Genl. Officers. Retured to Fort Edward. 
 
 14 Reed 5000 Dollars at Fort Edward, went to 
 Saratoga to direct the workmen in mounting the Cannon, 
 got the Carpenters & Smiths to work, with as great expi- 
 dition as possible, dind at McNeals ye 15th. 
 
 15 with the workmen getting tools. Lodgd at Mr. 
 Niffs Lt. Hitchings 148 went to Albany for Armourers 
 Tools to go to Fort Miller. 
 
 16 at Saratoga with ye workmen. Fort George 
 Evacuated. 
 
 17 went to fort Miller. Genl. Schuyler, St Clair & 
 others came to Saratoga. 
 
 18 they went back to Fort Edward. 
 
 19 Making carriages, Wheels &c. 6 pair of bellowses 
 came from Albany with Lt. Hitchings. Genl. Fellows 149 
 went down. 
 
 20 at home all Day. 
 
 21 went to McNeals, sent to Boston for a Number of 
 articles the one 1/2 of the Albany Malitia sent home. 
 Began the Smiths shops by ye Genls bought 61bs of Loaf 
 Shugr for 9 Dollars & 20 3/4 lbs of Cheese for 10 3/4 
 Dollars & one 1/4. 
 
 22 with the workmen in the forenoon, dind with 
 
112 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 Dr. McCrey at Mr. Lansings, afternoon I Rode to Fort 
 Miller & Moses Creek & back to Saratoga, the artillery 
 came Down by order to Saratoga. Col. Brown went 
 to genl. Schuyler with advice of an attack at Fort Stan- 
 wix. 150 Genl. Arnold went up to Fort Edward. Blaz- 
 ing Hot with death in the pot. 
 
 23 Fort Edward evacuated & destroyed by our 
 peoples & retired to Moses Creek, yesterday a Scirmish 
 happined between Genl. Nixons Piket & a party of the 
 enemy in which we had 5 Men killd & 8 men wounded. 
 Col. Nixon' Horse Shot under him. the Corps of Artil- 
 lery came down to Saratoga with the Powder. 
 
 24 Raised a Smiths Shop at Saratoga two Men one 
 Lieut. & a privat killd of Genl. Lerneds Brigade, many 
 families moving. 
 
 25 with the workmen at Saratoga. 
 
 26 Reed, orders to march with 30 Carpenters to head 
 Quarters Moses Creek. 4 Men & one Woman killed near 
 Fort Edward & cut to peices in a most inhuman manr. 
 
 27 went to Moses Creek with Capt. Lows Carpenters 
 crossed the River to the W side, went back to Saratoga 
 at evning. 
 
 28 went up to Moses Creek in the Morning. Genl. 
 Learnard & Genl. Innbrook retreated back to camp, one 
 man killd & scalped by 2 indians within 20 rods of the 
 guard. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 113 
 
 29 Rode with the Genls. to the several incampments. 
 2 Men killd at Fort miller one of Col. Nixons Sentrys 
 killd. heard that the enemy arivd yesterday at Fort 
 George with 27 Boats & a large sail coming up by the 
 narrows. 
 
 30 went to Fort Miller with the army, the Enemy 
 crossed the river to the west side 300 & attack the rear 
 of our army killd one Soldier, wounded one Lt. Mortally 
 & 4 privates were wounded, the Loss on the enemys side 
 not known but supposed to be 10 killd. 
 
 August 1 getting down Rafts of Bords &c. &c. the 
 enemy appeard in several places, lurking indians, they 
 killd 3 men Scalpt two in sight of camp on the East side 
 the river. 
 
 2 Genl. Glover & Col. Wiglesworth 151 came up. 
 Sent of most of the Cannon &c. 
 
 3 had several men killd, 5, & wounded, 7, & one 
 man scalped, 2 officers & 6 soldiers taken, took a pris- 
 oner. Retreated at 6 o clock afternoon with all our 
 Stores & bagage, Cut away & burnt 9 large Bridges. 2 
 tories taken with Genl.burgoins pass from Skeen. & back. 
 
 4 getting up Stores, mounting Cannon & geting 
 Smiths to work, a Very rainey day got into Stillwater 10 
 o clock in the Morning. Cut & burnt 4 large bridges 
 on the road this morning as we came in 
 
 5 All the Carpenters at work geting up ye Stores. 
 
114 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 6 All the smiths at work at 13 fires, moving of Bag- 
 gage & Stores to Half moon, sick sent of to Albany. 
 
 7 Sent of 80 bb of powder (yt is 10 Ton) to albany. 
 Genl. Schuyler Wt to Treat with the Indians at Albany. 
 Col. Longs Regt. marched of to A. for Discharge. 
 
 8 a majr. & 2 boys taken. Majr. Van Varter Killd, 
 one man killd a capt. wounded, one Indian killd & 
 scalped by our scout, sent of the heavey peices of cannon 
 to half moon with other stores. 
 
 9 the Artificers went with there Tools & Baggage to 
 Albany. Oliver went with my Wagon to Half Moon. 
 
 10 Genl. Schuyler & St. Clair ordered to Congrs the 
 sick all sent of geting the stores to 6 mile point, by a 
 desarter & a prisoner we hear that the main body of the 
 enemy are at Fort ewand & there flying camp at Fort 
 Miller & are to move to Saratoga next Wednesday. 7 
 tories taken. 
 
 1 1 News of fort Stanwix being invested & a surver 
 Battle fought 6 miles below. Genl. Harriman wounded 
 & 14 field officers killd & wounded on our Side, the 
 Enemy Loss 50 Indians killed & left on the field with 
 100 others of the enemy. Genl. Harriman recovrd the 
 field, buried the Dead brought of the wounded & retired 
 Back. 
 
 12 Genl. Learnard Marchd with 3 Regts viz. Balies, 
 Vanshoiks & Jacksons for Fort Stanwix. Genl. St. Clair 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 115 
 
 left Camp for Philadelphia, Genl. Lincholn 162 came to 
 camp from ye Grants. 
 
 13 the heaviest part of the stores carried off. Genl. 
 Arnold went of for F. Stanwix. 
 
 14 Genl. Schuyler with Genl. Glovers Brigd marched 
 for half moon, at 2 o clock P. M. a scout came in & 
 reported that the enemy was advancing within 6 miles, 
 mending Bridges &c. also heard that 1500 of the enemy 
 was marched for Cambridge in the grants Genl. Lincoln 
 set out for the grants, a Very Hot Day. Lent Col. Hay 
 650 Dollars. 
 
 15 went with the army to 6 miles point. Lodgd at 
 Abram Forts House. 
 
 16 this morning I was ordered up to Stillwater with 
 280 Men to burn the Bords left cut & burn the Bridges 
 & Break up the Roads after we had got the teems 
 Loaded with some stores &c. that had been left, at Still- 
 water about 1 o clock we discovered 2 men with packs 
 crossing the river from the uper to the loer Island, a 
 Serjt & 6 men went over to discover who they were, one 
 of the men return d & said there was a considerable No. 
 incamped on the Island. I immediately sent 50 Men well 
 armd on to the Island to take the party, & bring them 
 off, while the Rest of the Body ley on there arms ready 
 to assist if nessciery. in about one Hour Some of my 
 party of 50 returnd with 4 Men. Several women & chil- 
 
116 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 dren in a Canoe they had picked up, (for they waided 
 across the River to get on to the Island), the whole party 
 of tories taken on the Island is 4 Men, 7 Women & 17 
 Children, 28 in all. it took 3 hours to get them all over 
 with there baggage, as the water was wide & run swift, 
 which all came safe into camp, after executing the orders 
 I was sent upon, those tories are persons of welth Inhabi- 
 tants of Stillwater who had secreted there Houselstough, 
 Cloathing & movables in the woods & then went on to 
 this desolate Island that was thick wooded where they 
 designd to Remain till our Army was movd down & then 
 they would return home under the protection of Burgoin. 
 these Tories are 
 
 John Jeffers, his wife & 3 small children 5 
 
 Benja. Burrows, his wife & four Children 6 
 
 John Vice, his wife & four Children 6 
 
 Thos. Jeffers Jun. & wife & four Children 6 
 
 Mrs Mageer & one Child 2 
 
 one Negro Woman & 2 Children of Jefferses 3 
 
 in all 28 
 
 17 it raind in the Morning, heard that the famous 
 Capt Butler with 28 men were taken by our Army at ye 
 Mohawk River, all our heavey Stores movd down to ye 
 Island. 
 
 18 I marched with Genl. Poors Breggade, Crossed 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 117 
 
 the Mohawk River at Lowdens ferry, afternoon dind in 
 the woods on fryd Chickens, Cold Beef &c. we incamped 
 the Briggade near Mr Canoots. 
 
 19 Rode up the river to the ferries & several fords 
 across the River, below. Dind with Genl. Poor, after- 
 noon Rode to Van Schoiks Island head Quarters, Lodgd 
 at New Sity, Dr Bartletts Had the acct of the Victory 
 gaind by Genl. Starks near Benington 936 Killd & taken. 
 Genl. Gates came to Camp this evning. 
 
 20 Rode to Albany dind with Mrs Hay & afternoon 
 Rode to Genl. Poors Camp above the Qohoes Lodgd & 
 Breakfasted. Genl. Schuyler left Camp this morning. 
 
 21 Rode with Genl. Poor & Col. Wilkison to head 
 Quarters Van Schoiks Island. 
 
 22 at Van Shoiks Island geting the Smiths to work. 
 60 Carpenters sent for. Govenour Clinton 153 with 1500 
 Malitia came to camp. Col. Briewer came from Bining- 
 ton with 45 Tories taken in Battle. 
 
 23 the Carpenters of Capt. Thayers & Lows compan- 
 ies came up from Albany. Col. Courtlands & Col. Liv- 
 ingstons Regt marched for Fort Stanwix. 
 
 24 a Number of Tories taken & brought to camp & 
 sent to Albany & Down the Country. 4 Desarters hes- 
 sians Came to camp by the way of Benington. Just at 
 Evning Capt. Goodell 154 of Brookd Brought in 4 prison- 
 ers that he had taken, (with his small party of 6 men), 
 
118 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 at Saratoga, where the enemy have a camp of about 1500 
 on the East of the River & have sent a large party to 
 fort Stanwix. 
 
 26 went to Albany. 
 
 27 at Albany, got Cloth for a Suit of cloaths out 
 of the store. I left my Accts with the Commissioners. 
 
 28 went up to camp, Van Schoiks Isle troops came 
 up from Coneticut. 
 
 29 Set 20 men making coal on ye Isle. 
 
 30 Rode with Genls. Gates, Arnold & Paterson to 
 Dine with Genl. Poor. 
 
 31 in Camp a Day of Ease. 
 
 Sept'r 1 Genl. Lincholn came to Camp with Ginl. 
 Palmer & Doer Taylor. a flag of Truce came this 
 Evning from Genl. Burgoin with a letter for Genl. Gates 
 & another letter to Genl. Gates from Genl. Frazier. sev- 
 eral prisoners brot into camp. 
 
 2 Rode up to Genl. Poors Camp, dind with him in 
 Company with a Comtt from New Hampshire & then to 
 Camp & then to Albany. Supt & Lodgd with Dr. Potts, 
 left my watch to be cleand with Mr Abbt. Sent a Tick 
 to Mrs hay No 58 m 255, No 55. 107. 
 
 3 in Camp 
 
 4 in Camp. Rode round the Island, went to Albany 
 at evning. Lodgd. 
 
 5 went up to camp after buying 400 bords. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 119 
 
 6 at camp, went up to the Cohoes to the mills, got 
 6 loads plank of M. Lansing. 
 
 7 in camp all day. a New suit of cloaths Brought 
 me. Loaded my wagons for a march, 20 wagons with 
 tools & baggaig. 
 
 8 marcht with the whole body of the army to the 
 Mills, the Front at Dow Fondays. 
 
 9 Marched in the Front with the Carpenters & pio- 
 nears. Col. Morgans 155 Riflemen the advanced party & 
 flanks got to Stillwater about 12 o clock & at 2 o clock 
 began a bridge a Cross the River, afternoon a flag 
 Came in with a Doctr from Burgoin to Visit the Wounded 
 Hessians & Regulars at Benington. a prisoner sent home. 
 
 10 a wagon Came with the bagage of the prisoners 
 & 3 Servts to those taken at Bennington & went on. 
 
 11 making Bridges & cutting cross Roads to advance 
 in Collums. orders for a March. 
 
 12 Struck tents at gun firing & marcht the whole 
 army before Sunrise, incamped upon the high Ground 
 above Beemis's, 3 miles from Stillwater. 800 of Genl. 
 Starks crossed the River to Stillwater & incamped there. 
 
 13 5 prisoners taken at Saratoga, they Say that Bur- 
 goin marches to meet us this Day with his whole army 
 Collected & that Genl. Lincoln is at Skeensborough. 
 
 14 Genl. Starks came to camp from Benington, the 
 enemy Crossed the River at Saratoga. 
 
120 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 15 the Enemy advanced to Van Varters Hill. 
 
 16 4 prisoners brot in Capt. Lane & Capt. 
 
 came in with a flag. 
 
 17 the people work with hig spirits. Dind with 
 Doct Potts & Genl. Gates &c. Lent Genl. Gates 40 
 Dollars for a French Capt. going to Cohos yesterday. 
 
 18 Genl. Arnold marched out to meet Genl. Burgoin 
 in the woods, but no action hapned. 
 
 19 about one o clock our left piquet fell in with a 
 large party of the enemy s light troop, a heavy fire lasted 
 3/4 ov an hour, both parties was strongly reinforced, at 
 last we drove the enemy above a mile took a No. of pris- 
 oners & there wounded which were brought in. About 
 1/2 after 3 o clock we discovered the Enemy Marching up 
 in heavey Collums against our left wing. Several Regts 
 was immediately ordered to meet them, a heavey fire soon 
 began and lasted without intermission until half an hour 
 after Sunset, our army several times drove the Enemy & 
 once took a field peice, for want of Amunition it was lost, 
 many kill & wounded on both sides among the dead is Lt. 
 Col. Coburn & Lt. Col. Adams, two Very brave Officers. 
 
 20 this morning 112 Indians came to Camp, the 
 Enemy keep the field of Battle so that we did not attempt 
 to bury our dead. 
 
 21 it was reported that the Enemy was approaching 
 to attack us & then soon after that they were retreating 
 
COL. .JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 121 
 
 but neither provd true. Reed the news of Col. Browns 
 being at Ty, fired 13 Cannon & gave a genl. Whooray 
 throo all our camp. 2 tory prisoners taken by ye 
 Indians. 
 
 22 Genl. Lincoln came to camp. 2 british soldiers 
 taken & one Scalp by the Indians. Genl. Gates gave 20 
 Dollars for each Prisoner but would give nothing for the 
 Scalp, a wet Day, I sick with a bad cold, the Prisoners 
 just brot in say that they lost, in the action of ye 19th, 
 700 men. 
 
 23 the Camp allarmed All hands at work, 10 pris- 
 oners brot in & som desarters. 
 
 24 All the baggaige loaded in the morng and Sent 
 of in consequense of intellig that Burgoin would attack 
 us this day at 10 o clock, a considerable No. of malitia 
 came in & Genl. Lincoln came in with 1680 men at night, 
 by the Returns there was in the acton of the 19 Killd 
 
 Lt. Col. 
 
 Capts. 
 
 Subs S. 
 
 C. 
 
 D. 
 
 Privat 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 2 3 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 51 
 
 Wound 
 
 6 
 
 15 13 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 182 
 
 missing 
 
 1 
 
 1 7 
 
 
 
 
 
 29 
 
 262 
 56 
 
 318 
 
122 
 
 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 25 this morning we took one prisoner & killd 8 of 
 the Enemys picket. 
 
 26 took 16 prisoners in several parties & 2 scalps, yt 
 the Indians brot in 30 indians went of this Day. 
 
 27 this morning one of our prisoners desarted from 
 the Enemy & a prisoner brot to camp, the greatest part 
 of the Indians went of home. 
 
 28 took 2 Scalps & 11 prisoners & desarters. 
 
 29 the Brookfield Volenteers came up. 
 
 30 made a Raft on Battoes to cary our Wagons 
 across the River. 
 
 Octobr 1 went to View the Enemys camp & reconoi- 
 ter there lines & Guards. Col. Brown came from Ty & 
 Lake George where he had taken 315 british Prisoners, 
 Including 15 Officers, 5 of which were Capts & retook 
 110 of our prisoners. Destroyed 200 Battoes, 17 armed 
 Gondaloes & one Sloop, mounting carriage Guns & 
 destroyed a No. of Carriages & Canon & brought of 
 10,000^ Value in plunder. 
 
 2 three prisoners taken & three hessn desarters came 
 in from the Enemy, took 7 Horses from the Enemy & at 
 Evning 24 prisoners brot in from the east side the River 
 & a Capt. 2 Subs & 10 men & 40 Horses & cattle brot 
 in on the west side the River taken at Saratoga, bought 
 a Horse & a mare. 
 
 3 four Hessian Desarters came to us with there arms 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 123 
 
 & acoters took 4 Horses from the enemy & a yok of 
 oxen, ye prisoners went to Albany. 
 
 4 2 british Soldiers desarted to us. we were allarmed 
 by the Enemy s crossing the River with there Wagon &c. 
 a forraiging they soon returnd. 
 
 5 this Day 14 Prisoners & desarters brot to our camp 
 & 7 Horses, oxen, Cattle & Sheep about 30, & 16 Swine. 
 
 6 prepaird 5 battoes for fire Rafts. 
 
 7 went to albany with Dr. Pots, at one O clok the 
 Enemy came out against our left Picket, we met them 
 in the woods & drove them into there lines & from Some 
 of there works took 6.6 pounders & 2 12lb all brass & 
 there impliments, Tints, Kettels, Baggage wagons, Ammu- 
 nition &c. with 200 officers & Soldiers taken Prisoners, 
 our loss Genl. Arnold wounded in the leg, Majr. Lith- 
 gow 106 wounded in the arm & many others Killd & 
 wounded 
 
 8 went to Camp before noon a fireing upon the 
 enemy 24 Hessians came to us 189 Prisoners Sent to 
 Albany. 
 
 9 a Very wet Day out a making Bridges the Enemy 
 left there Camp at Gunfire & marched. I went with 
 Genl. Nixon to there Camp, found they had left Sick, 
 wounded & Nurses, took 2 Ammunition wagons, one 
 cas of Medicine, found a No. of the Enemies Horses 
 dead on the road & there baggage left. 
 
124 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 10 Marched to Saratoga with the Army took a large 
 Quantity of Provisions & a Consider No. of Prisoners &c. 
 
 11 Took the Enemies Boats & provisins & 60 prison- 
 ers besides desarters. Making Bridges on the Road. 
 
 12 building Bridges across Schuylers Creek in 2 
 places, a large No. of prisoners & Desarters came in 
 this Day. 
 
 13 Building Bridges rode with Genls Nixon & Glover 
 to propose works &c. 
 
 14 a flagg came from Burgoin by his Ajut. G. at 
 Eleven o clock A. M., a sesation of arms was agreed to 
 until sunset for proposals of an accomidation which Genl. 
 Burgoin desired Genl Gates to make, they were sent in 
 by our A. Genl. 5 o clock P. M about 60 prisoners & 
 desarters brot in. 
 
 15 a flag came out with proposals of a small altera- 
 tion of the 6th article which was consented to, after sev- 
 eral conferences, but somthing still remained with respect 
 to commissarie & Staff officers, the Capitulation was not 
 finished untill after sunset, a desisive answer was to be 
 given at ten o clock to morrow Morn. 50 Indians & 
 tories taken above Fort Edwd. 
 
 16 in the morning Genl. Burgoin wrote to Genl. 
 Gates yt he had heard large detachments were sent from 
 our Army & he requested yt 2 of his officers might come 
 & see the truth of ye report the Letter was sent back 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 125 
 
 with a message that if the the agreement was not signd 
 & sent in Immediately hostilities should Commence at 12 
 o clock. 
 
 about 3 o clock P. M. the Articles of Capitula- 
 tion were brought out signed by John Burgoin Lt. Genl. 
 all our army ordered to ly on their arms & Guards doubled 
 as of late has been usual. 
 
 17 About 11 o clock A. M. the enemy laid down 
 there arms & Marched out thro our Army the most 
 agreeable sight that ever my eyes beheld. Burgoins 
 Army that capitulated were 6000 & of them 2448 were 
 British. Genl. Nixon 1 Briggade marched for albany the 
 British army for New city. 
 
 18 This Day the main boddy of the American army 
 marched to Albany 36 M, this forced march was 
 ocationed by our hearing that the Enemy was coming up 
 the River & had burnt Esopus. 
 
 19 at Albany, the Troops much fatigued. 
 
 20 at Albany mending the roads down the west side 
 the River 14 Miles. 
 
 21 Rode down on the East side the River as far as 
 Stotack. 157 
 
 22 Genl. Poors Brigade Marched. 
 
 23 at Albany Capt. Low came down. 
 
 24 at Albany Capt. Thayer came down. 
 
 25 Genl. Burgoynes baggage Sent over the River. 
 
126 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 Genl. Larneds Briggade marched down on the west Side 
 the River. Col. Morgan Marched the same way. Genl. 
 Gates & family dind with us. Supt. at Tuttles laid out 
 the Park. 
 
 26 Went to meeting all Day. 
 
 27 a Very Wet Day Genl. Burgoyne & other of his 
 officers left Town with Genls. Glover & Whipple for 
 Boston. 
 
 28 a great rain I was blooded. 
 
 29 it continewed raining, I took a Vomit. Drew 
 plans for Barracks & Store housen. 
 
 30 Kept House myself Glovers & Batersons Brigades 
 Marched of to Quemans 158 & went some by Water 
 
 31 went to the Mills. Genl. Nixons Briggade wint 
 into Quarters in Town. 
 
 Novr 1 Rode with Genl. Gates to Queemans 4 Bar- 
 raks to be built there, 250 feet long each, the mills set 
 to work. 
 
 2 Rode with Genl. Paterson & Col. Brewer to Kind- 
 erhook. 
 
 3 went at Albany with Genl. Paterson. 
 
 4 admited to an Honble Assembly. 
 
 5 went to Van Vasters Mill, bought 2650 Bords for 
 the Labratory Store. 
 
 6 at albany, Sent after Coal. 
 
 7 four Brigades ordered down to the Southward. 
 
COL. .IEDUTHAN BALDWIN 127 
 
 8 Dind at Doer Potts ye Smiths left work. 
 
 9 went to meeting. 
 
 10 at albany, it Raind all Day. 
 
 11 getting my wagon ready for a Journey. Bought 
 a Span of Horses for 10i? 
 
 12 Reed into a Society as a Craftsman. 
 
 13 Set out from Albany for Brookfd. Rode 10 miles 
 Lodgd at Lorubecks at Scotack. 
 
 14 Rode to Mr. Coals at Nobletown Lodgd 
 
 15 Rode to Kellogs Nortans at Lowdonton Lodgd. 
 
 16 Rode to Springfield Lodgd at Rev. Mr. Brecks. 
 
 17 to Brookfield Lodgd with Mrs. Baldwin. & you 
 may guess for ye Rest. 
 
 18 at home. 
 
 19 at home & at home the remainder of the month. 
 Deer 1 at home 
 
 Genl. Burgoins Return of his Army, Octobr 17, 1777. 
 Since the Evacuation of Ticonderoga, The Killed, 
 Wounded & Prisoners, 
 
 British by Capitulation 2442 
 
 Foreigners by Do 2198 
 
 Sent to Canada 1100 
 
 Genl. Burgoyn & Staff among which are 6 
 
 membrs of Parlmt 12 
 
 Sick & wounded 1126 
 
 Prisoners of war before the Surrender 400 
 
128 
 
 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 Desarters 
 
 
 
 
 300 
 
 Lost at Benington 
 
 
 
 
 1220 
 
 Killed between the 17 of 
 
 Septr 
 
 & 
 
 18 
 
 of 
 
 Octobr 
 
 
 
 
 600 
 
 Taken at Ticonderoga 
 
 
 
 
 400 
 
 Killed at Genl. Harrimans B 
 
 atl 
 
 
 
 300 
 
 
 10098 
 
 39 Brass Cannon Royals & 
 
 Morters 
 
 and 
 
 impliments 
 
 and Stores compleat 
 
 
 
 
 
 5000 Stands arms. 
 
 
 
 
 
 400 Setts harness. 
 
 
 
 
 
 a number of Amunition Waggons 
 
 and harness. 
 
 6 field pieces at Benington. 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 Do & 4 Royals at Fort Stanwix. 
 
 
 
 
 Brass Ordinance. 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 24 pounders 
 
 
 
 
 
 4 12 Do 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 9 Do 
 
 
 
 
 
 19 6 Do 
 
 
 
 
 
 6 3 Do 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 8 inch Morters 
 
 
 
 
 
 5 Royals 
 
 
 
 
 
 39 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 129 
 
 July 6th 1778 Reed the perticular acct of the Battle 
 of ye 28th in ye Jerseys viz Our Loss is 7 officers & 52 
 R & file K. 17 officers & 120 Rank & F wounded. The 
 Enemys loss is 245 R & F found dead on the field & four 
 Officers. Col. Monkton. There wounded is 1255. 
 Desarted since they left Philadelphia 1572, taken pris- 
 oners 117 
 
 7 Rode the Grand Rounds With the Field officers of 
 the Day to Dobses ferry to the several guards in front, 
 dind with Genl. Morris at Genl. Gateses afternoon rod 
 to Rye to Marrineck 159 & Returnd at evning. a Very 
 hot Day. 
 
 8 Genl. Gates, Nixon, Morrice and others dind with 
 me. a Battoe taken by ye galleys. 
 
 9 rode to Tarry Town in the Morg & back to Camp 
 & at evning rode back to Tarytown & to Croton ferry. 
 
 10 rode to Kings ferry to peeks kill to Crompon to 
 Northcastle 160 dind at Benja. Kipp to Head Quarters, a 
 Frigate of 36 guns & 2 Row galleys went up to Kings 
 ferry, 2 cannon went up to K. ferry. 
 
 11 Genl. Nixon"' Briggade Incamped on the right of 
 Mount defiance. 
 
 12 I went to Tarry Town the Tarter frigate fired 
 briskly at us. Genl. Clinton & Morrices Briggd incamped 
 on Mount Misry, Genl. Gates moved his Quarters, by 
 express we hear of ye Enemy' coming to Fort Stanwix &c. 
 
130 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 13 I moved to Mr. Fields. 
 
 14 an 18 Pr split at Tarry town & killd one man, 
 after firing 5 Shot the Shipping went down the river, 
 had Acct of the French fleet. 
 
 15 went to Kings ferry in a Whale boat from tarry- 
 town & Returned in it. 
 
 16 from Tarry town to head Quarters Col. Sears & 
 Col. Willit lodgd with me. 
 
 17 went to Tarry Town. 4 ps of Cannon arrived by 
 water at that place. 
 
 18 Rode round among the Workmen. 
 
 19 Dined with Col. Graton. 
 
 20 Genl. Gates returned to camp with sigl wagons 
 went to see Genl. Washington at 
 
 21 went to Tarry Town 
 
 22 Genl. Nixon & Person 161 went down with there 
 Briggades to Mile squair. 
 
 23 the detachment returnd with 170 Cows & a great 
 No. of Horses, hogs &c & women. I rode with Genl. 
 Washington thro King street, took a View of the sound, 
 & round Camp & dind with him. 
 
 24 Col Hayzen & a No. of officers dind with me. 
 Genl. Washington' Army moved into the Front of Genl. 
 Gates & took the New position. 
 
 25 Genl. De portee 162 & others dind with me. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 131 
 
 26 went to hear Dr Smith preach, dind with genl. 
 De portee 
 
 27 Set a party of Coaliers to work dind with Genl. 
 Wayne, Col. Stewart 163 & others. 
 
 28 Rode round among the workmen. 
 
 29 among the workmen at ye Qr. M. Genls. 
 
 30 dind at home Genl. De Collee 164 breakfasted with 
 us Lt Dorothy 165 came up. 
 
 31 at home & at Qr. M. Genl. 
 
 August 1 Rode round among the Workn. 
 
 2 at home. 
 
 3 & 4 among the workmen. 
 
 5 a No. of desarters came in Col. Laradier went down 
 with the detachment. 
 
 6 Col. Hazen Capt. Brewer dind with me. 
 
 7 Dind with Genl DeCall, 166 Genl. De Portell 167 & 
 seven other French Genln. 2 Officers came in. 
 
 8 dind at home, heard of the English burning 3 of 
 there own Frigates at Rhodiland & that place blocked 
 up by the French fleet. 
 
 9 16 desarters came in from New York. 
 
 10 Reed bad provisions & sent it back. 
 
 11 Rode round to all the workmen 
 
 12 Mr Dorothy took a letter & 21b Tea for Mrs B. 
 
 13 heard of Genl. Sullivans landing his troops on 
 Rhodisland & of the French Fleet going from the harbour 
 
132 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 of Rodiland in parsuit of Lord Hows 168 Fleet. Raind & 
 cold 
 
 14 15 & 16 at home very busy giving orders to the 
 workmen. Rainey weather. 
 
 17 11 Prisoners brought out for Execution, one Shot 
 the others Reprieved untill Friday, a Vast Concorse of 
 People. 
 
 18 went to the purchase in forenoon. Genls Lee, 169 
 Schuyler, Gates, St Clair, Wayne, Lincoln with there 
 Aids dind with me. Very Sosible. 
 
 19 Dind with Colo La Radier 170 in Company with 
 Genls DeKalb, 171 De Portell, La Navil, 172 Cols. 5 & 2 
 Majrs. 
 
 20 White Plains. Dind with Genl St Clair in Com- 
 pny with Genl. Schuyler, Poor, Morriss, Majr Duor & 
 Morriss. 
 
 21 the 10 Prisoners brought out to the place of Exe- 
 cution where they all reed a pardon & ordered to join yr 
 Regts. dind this Day with Genl. Lee in Compny with 
 Genl. Moriss, Colo Brooks 173 Majr Edwards and others 
 at the Purchase. 
 
 22 at home. Miss Katy Tenyke went to ye lines. 
 
 23 at home all Day, Dr Wheeler Dind with me. 
 
 24 Went to ye Purchase, Setled part of my Ration 
 viz. from 1 Jany to ye 1 June. Dind with Dr. Hale, 
 Col. Read, Silley & heard that the French fleet had got 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 133 
 
 back to Rodiland & had brought in with them one bumb 
 ketch & a other Vessels they had taken from the English 
 & that Genl. Sullivan had driven the Enemy from 3 of 
 there Redoubts. 
 
 25 at home. 
 
 26 at home & at Cort Martial. 
 
 27 went to Tarrytown. Dind with Genl. Washing- 
 ton. Katy Tenike Hurt. 
 
 28 at Home & with the workmen. 
 
 29 Summoned to Court Martial on the trial of Genl. 
 St. Clair, attended the Court King Street. 
 
 30 at Home all Day A large fleet Sailed thro the 
 Sound towards Rhodisland with a fair wind. 
 
 31 Rode to the purchase Hospital. 
 
 Septr 1 Rode Round to all the workmen, went to Genl. 
 Gates's got the Commissions for the artificers, heard that 
 a party of our men were cut off by the enemy Near Val- 
 entines hill. Capt. Goodall killed or taken, also heard of 
 a battle at Rhodisland. Capt. Goodell taken yesterday. 
 
 2 Genls. Putnam & Nixon, Cols. Graton, Putnam, 174 
 Nixon & Doer. Hitchcock & Smith, Majr. Putnam 175 dind 
 with me. a fine pleasant Day. 
 
 3 Dind with Genl. Schuyler & a large Corny. 
 
 4 heard that Genl. Sullivan had got of the Island 
 with his army after som considerable loss, at home Colo. 
 Hay wt to Fish Kill, setled with Mr Yancy. 
 
134 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 5 Dr Wheeler dind with me. 
 
 6 Dind with Genl. Nixon in company with Genl. 
 Lincoln, Colo. Newell & others. 
 
 7 Attended Genl. Court Martial on the trial of Genl. 
 St Clair. 
 
 8 the Enemy Came out in 2 collums as far as Judg 
 Wards. Took about 30 horses yt were in pasture & 
 took 8 Men & returnd back to there lines, at Court 
 Martial. Dind with Colo. Putnam, went to the Auditors 
 to settle my Ration Acct. Colo. Kosiusko insulted by Mr 
 Carter. 
 
 9 a Rainey Day. Court M. ajurned in ye Morn. 
 
 10 proposed going to Albany, went to Head Qr ters. 
 Court M. adjurned A. M. 
 
 1 1 Setled my Ration Acct. to 1 of June. Genl. Poors, 
 Paterson & Learnards Brigades March with Genl. Gates. 
 
 12 at Court Martial, sent of some Smiths to west 
 point & to Terry town. 
 
 13 the sick sent of to fish Kill by Land & water, the 
 Pionears Marched in 2 parties to mend Roads to Fish 
 Kill & to Fishburg. 
 
 14 at Home & among the Workmen. 
 
 15 Mathew Carchight Hanged. 
 
 16 the Army marched from White plains in 3 Collums. 
 
 17 Rode With Colo. Hay, Majr Cammell to view the 
 Landing at Peeks kill. Lodgd at Mr Burtsills. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 135 
 
 18 Rode with His Exelency to West Point. Dind with 
 ye Company & went round to all the works. Lodgd at 
 Devenport. 
 
 19 Rode to Fish Kill Supt with Colo Hay in Compy 
 with his Exelency & Famy. 
 
 20 Breakfasted with them. Went to West point, Dind 
 with Colo. Malcom 176 and Lodgd. Genl. Putnam came 
 over. 
 
 21 went to Roberson House with Genl. Putnam, Colo. 
 Gansiforth 177 & others, went up in a boat to Fish Kill in 
 Company with 5 Gentn, heard of the Enemy doing mis- 
 chief at Germn Flats Taking Cattle &c. 
 
 22 went from Colo. Brinkerhoffs to the landing with 
 Capt. Lows carpenters, imbarked with them on bord a 
 Sloop for Albany, they to cut timber at Cuymans for 
 Barracks. 
 
 23 Lodgd at Mr. 
 
 24 Sailed up the North River. Lodgd 8 miles below 
 Cuymans at Solomon Shirts Cosockey. 1 ' 8 
 
 25 went up to Albany in a Whail boat. 
 
 26 at Albany. Dind with Genl. Starks. 
 
 27 Sunday, at Albany. Dind with Majr Sickles, spent 
 the Evning with Colo. Cammell, Genl Stark, Colo. Butler. 
 Visited the Hospital. Drank Tea with Doer Young & 
 Ladies. 
 
 28 Dind at ye Kings Arms with Colo Butler, Cammel, 
 
136 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 Mr Taylor & a large Company, afternoon set of down 
 the River. Lodgd at Colo. Nicholses. 
 
 29 went to the Carpenters at Cuymans, Dind & Lodged 
 at Mr Blikers. began to load the Sloop with Timber. 
 
 20 as I was going in a Canoe aboard of a Sloop com- 
 ing down the River I was nocked over board by the force 
 of the canoe against the Sloop, but fortunately was soon 
 taken up again. 
 
 Octobr 1 Loading the Sloop. Dind with Esqr Mc- 
 Carty. 
 
 2 finished Loading the Sloop, the wind high. 
 
 3 it Raind, the wind high, the cable parted, lost the 
 anchor, the sloop went on shore, at high water got her 
 off. set sail about 4 o'clock down the River. Lodgd on 
 bord, Kinderhook. 
 
 4 Sailed down the River, lodgd on bord 
 
 5 got to fish Kill Ferry at Sunrise, went to west point 
 & from thence to Fish Kill 
 
 6 at Fish Kill, Waited upon his Exelency. 
 
 7 went to Fredricksburgh. Dind at Head Quarters. 
 Lodgd with Genl. Nixon. 
 
 8 went to Danbury, Breakfasted with Genl. Gates. 
 Returnd to Fredrixbg dind with Genl. St Clair in Compy 
 with Genl. Schuyler, Wayne, Col. Biddle, Col. Palfary, 179 
 Mrs Biddle & Miss Shaw & others. Lodgd with Colo. 
 Pettit. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 
 
 137 
 
 9 Rode to Fish Kill to Colo. Brinkerhorp. 
 
 10 Dind at Colo Hays, a Rainey Day. 
 
 11 at Home all Day. a Great Rain. 
 
 12 went to the Office in town. 
 
 13 Rode with Genl. St Clair & Dr Treat to New Win- 
 sor. 180 Lodgd at Mr Ellises. 
 
 14 to West Point. Lodgd Colo. Kosiusko. 
 
 15 Rode to Genl. Putnams & then to Fish Kill to my 
 old lodgings. Sent Lieut Bacon to Albany on business. 
 
 16 at Home. Drank Tea with Colo. Smith. 
 
 17 dind with Colo. Hay & Large Company. 
 
 18 at Fish Kill. 
 
 19 dind. at Home. 
 
 20 Went to Fredrisburgh. 
 
 21 Returnd to Colo. Brinkerhoffs. Genl. Green 181 & 
 Colo Putnam lodgd Supt & Breakfasted with me. 
 
 22 Rode to Town with Genl. Green. Capt Robison 
 of Boxford has Oliver Hows Wages for 1776. 
 
 23 Rode to Manderals. Dind with Genl. Putnam. 
 Majr Putnam returnd from N. York, there is no pros- 
 pect of the Enemy leaving that place this winter. I 
 Returnd to F Kill. 
 
 24 Moved over to Fredricksburg. Lodgd at David 
 Akins. 
 
 25 Moved to Mr Shermans for Qrters 
 
 26 Dind with Colo Samll Hay. 182 
 
138 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 27 Colo Stevens & Dr Cook Dind with me. 
 
 28 Capt. Wm Prichard dind with me swapt H. 
 
 29 at Home Capt. Bruen 183 dind with me 
 
 30 Dind with His Exelency. 
 
 31 went to Qr M. Genl Store got cloths for the work- 
 men, it Raind. 
 
 Novr 1 at the park. Drank Tea with Mrs Stevens 
 on Quaker Hill at Dr Morgans. 
 
 2 at Home went to the Park. 
 
 3 got a Warrant for Retained Ration. Colo Ward, 
 Col. Scammel, Colo Stevens, Majr Gilman, Capt Winslow 
 dind with me. Lt. Welsh Lodgd. 
 
 4 paid of the Colliers Taylor M cloths. 
 
 5 Lt Welsh dind with me & Bugby. 
 
 6 Capt. Low came from Cuymans with Lt Bacon & 
 returnd to Fish kill. Capt. Bruen Dind with me. 
 
 7 Colo Grey, 184 Majr Shaw & Kane dind with me 
 Genl. Putnam, Colo Bland, Majr Gimason Lodgd with me. 
 
 8 Went to meeting at the park. 
 
 9 at Home. 2 Virgina Copls Lodgd with me. 
 
 10 Hunting squirrils. Dind with Majr. Kean. 
 
 11 a Very Rainey Day, at home all Day. 
 
 12 Genl Wayne, Col Steward, Colo S Hay, Majr. 
 Dind with me. 
 
 13 Dind with Genl. Wayne in Company with Genl 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 139 
 
 Washington & family & a No of other officers, heard 
 of a 64 G Sh Cast away. 
 
 14 Dind at Judg Wards with a No Artillery officers. 
 Capt Mills & Low at my house. 
 
 15 at Home Colo Hay Lodgd with me. 
 
 16 Capts Eaton & Thayer Dind with me. they took 
 there orders to raise Company. 
 
 17 Lt Hall & Blan chard Dind with me. 
 
 18 Capt. Pendelton 185 Dind with me. 
 
 19 at Home, it snowed. 
 
 20 had orders to move. Dind with Capt. Post. Lt. 
 Bacon went to Danby. 
 
 21 at Home went to the Paymasters. 
 
 22 Movd the Wagon to peeks Kill, went myself to 
 Fish Kill Lodgd Supt & Break with Col Hay. went to 
 west point. 
 
 23 Lodgd with Colo Kosiusko. Genl. Nixons Brigade 
 at Continl Villege. 
 
 24 Went to picks Kill Lodgd Mr Burtsells, Dind 
 with Colo Malcom, West Point. 
 
 25 Rode to Continental Villedge, Lt Parkes Com- 
 pany went to work there. 
 
 26 Rode to Cont Village Mrs. Knox, Majr Shaw dind 
 with me. Rode to Kings Ferry. 
 
 27 Rode to Colo Nixons at the Villeage. 
 
 28 the Virginia Troops Crossing the ferry. 
 
140 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL OF 
 
 29 Went down to the ferry, Pensylvania Crossing. 
 
 30 the Artillery Crossed. 
 
 Deer 1 The Qr MG & His Exelency Bage Crossed. 
 I was at the ferry all Day. 
 
 c without Victuals or Drink. 
 
 2 was at the terry all Day. 
 
 3 went to see Genl. Mc Dougal 186 Colo Gorivon. 187 
 at home afternoon. 
 
 4 Went to west point with Gen McDougal, Dind 
 with Colo Kosiusko, Genl Paterson & others, heard the 
 shiping was coming up the River, went to Kings Ferry, 
 there all night, the Stores removed. 
 
 5 the Enemy landed at W. Side ye ferry & then went 
 down the River without doing much mischief. 
 
 6 Colo Hay with the Pensyla troops crossed the 
 River for head Quarters. 
 
 7 at Genl. McDougals, our flag Returnd. 
 
 8 Colo Greaton & the Brigade Returnd. 
 
 9 went to Genl. McDougals. 
 
 10 a very Rainey Day, at Home all Day. 
 
 11 Set out for head Quarters, rode to the Ferry, the 
 wind high, no crossing till Just night, went over, fed our 
 horses at Majr Cass stopt at Colo hawk Hays. Rode to 
 Judg Coles Lodgd. 
 
 12 Rode to pumpton, Dind at Capt. Schuyler, Rode 
 to Mr Jacoburds. 
 
COL. JEDUTHAN BALDWIN 141 
 
 13 It Raind hard in the morning & foggy all Day 
 ley by till monday had a fine Day. 
 
 14 Rode to camp 40 miles Rariton Lodgd at Mr. 
 Tenyk. 
 
 15 breakfasted with his Exelency. Dind with Colo 
 Scammell. 
 
 16 Rode thro & round the incampment Dind with 
 His Exelency. moved to Mr. Michael Hogoman. 
 
 17 went to genl. Greens & Genl. Waynes. 
 
 18 Genl. Waynes 2 Brigades moved over to the south 
 side the Rariton. 
 
 19 went to Capt Pendeltons Camp & to the other 
 Artificers. Capt. Mills came in. 
 
 20 with Capt. Low setled with Capt. Eaton & Qr M 
 Blanchard Dind at 
 
 21 at Bown Brook. 188 
 
 22 at Capt Pendeltons & Bruens. 
 
 23 Visited all the Artificers. 
 
 24 at Genl Greens & at Bown Brook. 
 
 25 Dind with the Artificer Officers. 
 
 26 Very Cold Day Reed orders to impress Shops & 
 Coal for the Smiths. 
 
 27 Dind with My Lord Sterling. 
 
 28 Dind with Capt Pendelton. 
 
 29 Dind with Majr Claibourne 189 at Genl Greens 
 with Colo Tompson & Bidell. 
 
142 REVOLUTIONARY JOURNAL 
 
 30 Fast Day pleasant men at work 
 
 31 went to pluckumin 190 Dind wh Capt. N. 
 
 J any 1 1779 Dind with the Artificers Officers at 
 Capt Pendeltons. 
 
 2 Dind at Home with Doer Griffis, Majr Storer & 
 Doer. 
 
 3 Sunday the smiths out of coal, it raind. at home 
 afternoon. 
 
 4 Went round to the workmen. Dind with My Lord 
 Sterling. 
 
 5 My Horse Died, it Snowd 
 
 6 Dind at home heard ye Cork fleet being taken by 
 Admiral De Estang. 191 
 
 7 Capt Millses House Burnt & he fortun escaped, it 
 took fire in ye night 
 
 8 Rode to Bown Brook & to Capt Parker Camp went 
 to ye Qr M. Y. Stores 
 
 9 All my men in Hutts. delivered in ye Tent. 
 
 10 Sunday at home all Day. Lieut Jewet Discharged. 
 
 11 Dind at Home, Supt with Colo Thompson 
 
 12 All the officers of ye Artificers supt to geather at 
 Lieut Littles, house warming 
 
 13 the Artificers Mustered went to 
 
 14 15 16 in camp with the workmen 
 17 went to meeting to hear Rd Mr Hole 
 
]SX)TES 
 
^OTES 
 
 nf^HE following notes refer to some of the persons and 
 -*- places, the names of which occur in the foregoing 
 Journal. It would have been easy to have made the refer- 
 ences more numerous than they are and the notes more 
 extended. The design has not been, however, to swell the 
 list beyond its real purpose, which is to give a brief record 
 of some of the leading persons named, mainly officers in 
 the Continental service; and to locate some of the places 
 which, at the time, were known by names different from 
 those which they now bear. This has not been done with 
 reference to all the names of persons and places mentioned ; 
 nor has the Editor deemed it necessary to add notes in the 
 case of well known leading characters in Revolutionary 
 history. In several instances, also, the Editor has not been 
 able to give records of persons mentioned or to locate 
 places. The student of history can, however, in most 
 cases, add to the records given a full account of the person 
 named by consulting a good Biographical Dictionary, 
 
146 NOTES 
 
 while for the names of places, now obsolete, local histo- 
 ries will complete the information. 
 
 December, 1775. 
 
 1 Oliver : Oliver Howe, Col. Baldwin's body servant. 
 
 2 Cobble Hill : This is where recently was the McLean Asylum for 
 the Insane in Somerville. 
 
 3 Col. Glover : John Glover, Colonel of Massachusetts Regiment 19 
 May to December, 1775 ; Colonel of 14th Continental Infantry 1st Jan- 
 uary, 1776 ; Brigadier General Continental Army 21st February, 1777. 
 
 4 Lechmor Point : Now East Cambridge ; so called because owned 
 by the Lechmor family. 
 
 5 Genl. Putnam : Israel Putnam, born at Danvers, Mass., in 1718 ; 
 served in the French and Indian war ; Lieut. Colonel in Lexington 
 alarm April, 1775 ; in 1775 was given command of the Connecticut 
 forces ; was at the battle of Bunker Hill ; held the command at New 
 York, and in 1777 was appointed to the defence of the Highlands on 
 the Hudson ; Colonel 3rd Connecticut 1st May, 1775 ; Major General 
 Continental Army 19th June, 1775. He died in 1790. 
 
 6 Major Durkee : John Durkee, Major 3rd Connecticut 1st May, 1775 
 Lieut. Colonel 20th Continental Infantry 1st January, 1776. 
 
 January, 1776. 
 
 7 Major Knowlton : Thomas Knowlton, Major 20th Continental In- 
 fantry 1st January, 1776. 
 
 8 Prospect Hill : In Somerville, north from Cobble Hill. 
 
 9 Lieut. Gray : Ebenezer Gray, 2nd Lieutenant 3rd Connecticut 1st 
 May to 19th December, 1775 ; 1st Lieutenant and Quartermaster 20th 
 Continental Infantry 1st January, 1776 ; Brigade Major to General Par- 
 
NOTES 147 
 
 sons' Brigade 31st August to December, 1776 ; Major 6th Connecticut 
 1st January, 1777 ; Lieut. Colonel 15th October, 1778. 
 
 10 Major Richard Cary : Brigade Major 15th August, 1775 ; Lieut. 
 Colonel and Aide-de-Camp to Gen. Washington 21st June, 1776. 
 
 11 Captain Abbot : Joshua Abbot, Captain 1st New Hampshire Regi- 
 ment 24th April to December, 1775 ; Captain 5th Continental Infantry 
 1st January to 31st December, 1776. 
 
 12 Col. Little : Colonel Massachusetts Regiment 19th May to De- 
 cember, 1775 ; Colonel 12th Continental Infantry 1st January to 31st 
 December, 1776. 
 
 13 Col. Serjant: Paul Dudley Sargent, Colonel of Massachusetts 
 Regiment May to December, 1775 ; Colonel of 16th Continental Infan- 
 try 1st January to 31st December, 1776. 
 
 14 Father Parkman : Rev. Ebenezer Parkman, of Westboro, Mass. 
 
 16 Col. Gridley: Colonel Massachusetts Artillery Regiment 2d May, 
 1775 ; wounded at Bunker Hill ; Colonel and Chief Continental Artil- 
 lery 29th September to 17th November, 1775; Colonel and Chief 
 Engineer June, 1775, to August, 1776; in service to 1st January, 1781, 
 then retired. 
 
 16 Genl. Heath : William Heath, Major General Massachusetts Militia 
 20th June 1775; Brigadier General Continental Army 22d June, 1775; 
 Major General 9th August, 1776. 
 
 17 Gen. Gates : Horatio Gates was born in Essex, England ; served 
 under General Braddock and on the peace of 1763, retired to an estate 
 in Virginia. In 1775 was Adjutant General and in 1776 Commander 
 of the army which had just retired from Canada ; compelled the sur- 
 render of Burgoyne at Saratoga, October, 1777 ; died April 10, 1806. 
 
 February, 1776. 
 ls Wistown : Probably what is now called Weston. 
 19 Shrewsbury: A town north of Worcester. 
 
148 NOTES 
 
 20 Capt. Upham : Phineas Upham of Brookfield, who was very active 
 in revolutionary affairs. 
 
 21 Col. Buckminster : William Buckminster, Lieut. Colonel of Brew- 
 er's Massachusetts Regiment May, 1775 ; Lieut. Colonel 6th Continen- 
 tal Infantry 1st January, 1776. 
 
 22 Dorchester Point : What is now called City Point in South Boston. 
 
 23 The Castle : Castle Island, Boston Harbor. 
 
 24 Col. Learnard: Ebenezer Learned, Colonel of a Massachusetts 
 Regiment 19th May to December, 1775; Colonel 3rd Continental 
 Infantry 1st January, 1776 ; Brigadier General Continental Army 2d 
 April, 1777. 
 
 March, 1776. 
 
 25 Dorchester Hills : What is now South Boston. 
 
 26 Gen. Thomas : John Thomas, Colonel of Massachusetts Regiment 
 May, 1775 ; Brigadier General Continental Army 22d June, 1775 ; Major 
 General 6th March, 1776. 
 
 27 Nook Hill : An eminence at the extremity of Dorchester Neck, 
 separated from Boston by a narrow arm of the harbor ; Dorchester 
 Heights commanded Nook Hill and the town itself. 
 
 28 Genl. Ward : Artemas Ward, Colonel of Massachusetts Regiment 
 23rd May, 1775; Major General Continental Army 17th June, 1775; 
 resigned April 23rd, 1776; on duty till 20th September, 1776. 
 
 29 Rev. Saml. Baldwin : Cousin to Colonel Jeduthan Baldwin. 
 
 30 John Adams : Second President of the United States ; led the 
 protest against the Stamp Act ; was a delegate from Massachusetts to 
 the first Continental Congress ; proposed the election of Washington 
 as Commander-in-chief of the Continental Army and was " the colossus 
 of the debate" on the Declaration of Independance. Died July 4, 1826. 
 
 31 Lt. Scott: William Scott, 2d Lieut, of Sargent's Massachusetts 
 
NOTES 149 
 
 Regiment May, 1775 ; 1st Lieut. 16th Continental Infantry 1st Janu- 
 ary to 31st December, 1776. 
 
 32 Fairfield : On Long Island Sound, southwest of Bridgeport, Conn. 
 
 33 Lord Stirling: William Alexander, was born in New York in 
 1726. Being considered by many rightfully entitled to an earldom in 
 Scotland, which he vainly endeavored to obtain, he was by courtesy 
 called Lord Stirling. He opened the battle of Long Island where he 
 commanded a brigade. He was with Washington at the battle of 
 Brandywine in 1777, fighting side by side with Sullivan and Lafayette, 
 and led one of the divisions of Washington's army at the battle of 
 Monmouth. He died in 1783. 
 
 34 Col. Groton: John Greaton, Colonel of Heath's Massachusetts 
 Regiment 19th May, 1775 ; Colonel 1st July, 1775 ; Colonel 24th Con- 
 tinental Infantry 1st January, 1776; Colonel 3rd Massachusetts 1st 
 November, 1776. 
 
 April, 1776. 
 
 35 Gov. Trion : Royal Governor of New York. 
 
 36 Col. Mifflin : Thomas Mifflin, Major and Aide-de-Camp to General 
 Washington 4th July, 1775 ; Major and Quartermaster General Conti- 
 nental Army 14th August, 1775, with rank of Colonel 22d of Decem- 
 ber, 1775 ; with rank of Brigadier General 16th May, 1776. 
 
 37 Genl. Sullivan: John Sullivan, Brigadier General Continental 
 Army 22d June, 1775 ; Major General 9th August, 1776 ; taken pris- 
 oner 27th August, 1776 ; exchanged December, 1776. Resolution of 
 Congress voted him thanks, passed September, 1778, for victory of 
 August 29th, 1778. 
 
 3S Col. Prescott : William Prescott, Colonel of a Massachusetts Reg- 
 iment May to December, 1775 ; Colonel 7th Continental Infantry 1st 
 January to 31st December, 1776. 
 
 39 Fort Montgomery : West side of Hudson river, just above Peekskill. 
 
150 NOTES 
 
 40 Capt. Badlam : Stephen Bodlam, Captain of Knox Regiment Con- 
 tinental Artillery 10th December, 1775, to December, 1776. 
 
 41 New Winsor : West bank of Hudson, just below Newburg. 
 
 42 Newboro : Probably now Newburg. 
 
 43 Powcapsey: Poughkeepsie. 
 
 44 Livingstone Manor: Livingston Manor was a tract of land 
 granted by government to Robert Livingston, who came to America 
 from Scotland in 1675. It embraced a large portion of what are now 
 the counties of Dutchess and Columbia, in the state of New York. The 
 original grant was confirmed by a royal charter of George I, in 1715, 
 creating the Manor and Lordship of Livingston. 
 
 45 Col. Paterson : John Paterson, Colonel of Massachusetts Regi- 
 ment April to December, 1775 ; Colonel 15th Continental Infantry 1st 
 January, 1776; Brigadier General Continental Army 21st February, 
 1777, to close of war ; Brevet Major General 30 September, 1783. 
 
 46 Col. Bond : William Bond, Lieut. Colonel Gardner's Massachusetts 
 Regiment 2d June, 1775 ; Colonel 3rd July to December, 1775 ; Colonel 
 25th Continental Infantry 1st January, 1776. 
 
 47 Col. Poor : Thomas Poor, Major of Frye's Massachusetts Regi- 
 ment 20th May to December, 1775 ; Lieut. Colonel 5th Continental 
 Infantry 1st January to 31st December, 1776. 
 
 48 Col. Livingstone : James Livingstone, Colonel 1st Canadian Reg- 
 iment 20th November, 1776. 
 
 49 Cohoes : At the junction of the Hudson and Mohawk Rivers. 
 
 50 Dr. Mchensey : Samuel Mackenzie, Surgeon of 2d Pennsylvania 
 Battalion 30th March, 1776 ; taken prisoner at Three Rivers 8th June, 
 1776. 
 
 May, 1776. 
 M Fort Miller : On Hudson river, south from Fort Edward. 
 52 Fort Edward : On Hudson river, south from Lake George. 
 
NOTES 151 
 
 53 Genl. Schuyler : Major General Continental Army 19th January, 
 1775 ; resigned 19th April, 1779. 
 ° 4 Sabbath Day Point : On west shore of Lake George. 
 
 55 Col. St. Clair: Arthur St. Clair, Colonel Pennsylvania Militia 
 1775 ; Colonel 2d Pennsylvania Battalion 3rd January, 1776 ; Brigadier 
 General Continental Army 9th August, 1776 ; Major General 19th Feb- 
 ruary, 1777. 
 
 56 St. Johns : On Richelieu river. 
 
 57 Shambelee : On Richelieu river. 
 
 6S Sorell : At the junction of the Richelieu and St. Lawrence rivers. 
 
 59 Col. Antell : Edward Antil, Lieut. Colonel 2d Canadian Regiment 
 22d January, 1776 ; taken prisoner. 
 
 60 Genl. Arnold : Benedict Arnold, Captain in Lexington Alarm 
 April, 1775; appointed by Genl. Washington Colonel Continental Army 
 1st September, 1775 ; Colonel 20th Continental Infantry 1st January, 
 1776, to rank from September 1st, 1775 ; Brigadier General 10th Janu- 
 ary, 1776 ; and Major General 17th February, 1777. 
 
 61 M de la Marquisca : An Assistant Engineer from France. 
 
 88 Col. Alden : Ichabod Alden, Lieut. Colonel of Cotton's Massachu- 
 setts Regiment May to December, 1775 ; Lieut. Colonel 25th Continen- 
 tal Infantry 1st January, 1776 ; Colonel 7th Massachusetts November 
 1st, 1776. 
 
 63 Maj. Loring: Jotham Loring, Major of Heath's Massachusetts 
 Regiment May to December, 1775 ; Major 24th Continental Infantry 
 1st January to 31st December, 1776 ; Lieut. Colonel 3rd Massachusetts 
 1st January, 1777. 
 
 64 De Shambo : Deschambault, on St. Lawrence river, near Quebec. 
 
 65 Capt. Bliss : Theodore Bliss, Captain of Patterson's Massachusetts 
 Regiment May to December, 1775 ; Captain of 15th Continental Infan- 
 try 1st January, 1776 ; taken prisoner near The Cedars 18th May, 1776 ; 
 released 19th May ; again taken prisoner at The Cedars 20th May, 1776. 
 
152 NOTES 
 
 66 Major Sherburn : Major 15th Continental Infantry 1st January 
 to 31st December, 1776 : taken prisoner near Cedars 20th May, 1776. 
 
 67 The Seeders : The Cedars — on the St. Lawrence river just above 
 Montreal. 
 
 6S Capt. Fish: Nicholas Fish, Lieutenant and Captain, Malcolm's 
 New York Regiment, 1775 and 1776 ; Major 2d New York 21st Novem- 
 ber, 1776, served till 3rd June, 1783. 
 
 69 Col. Maxwell : William Maxwell, Colonel 2d New Jersey 8th No- 
 vember, 1775 ; Brigadier General Continental Army 23rd October, 1776. 
 
 June, 1776. 
 
 70 Three Rivers: On St. Lawrence river at mouth of St. Maurice 
 river. 
 
 71 Col. Dehaws: John Philip De Haas, Major of Pennsylvania Pro- 
 vincials, 1775; Colonel 1st Pennsylvania Battalion 22d January, 1776; 
 Colonel 2d Pennsylvania 25th October, 1776, to rank from January 
 22d, 1776. 
 
 72 Capt. Butler: Joseph Butler, Captain of Nixon's Massachusetts 
 Regiment May to December, 1775 ; Captain 4th Continental Infantry 
 1st January to 31st December, 1776. 
 
 73 St. Ours : a small place on the Richelieu River. 
 
 74 Col. Irving: William Irving, Colonel 6th Pennsylvania Battalion 
 9th January, 1776; taken prisoner at Three Rivers 8th June, 1776; 
 paroled 3rd August, 1776 ; exchanged May 6th, 1778. 
 
 75 Genl. Burgoyne: John Burgoyne, Commander-in-chief of the 
 English forces in America. 
 
 76 Col. Vorce : Joseph Vose, Lieutenant Colonel of the 24th Con- 
 tinental Infantry 1st January to 31st December, 1776; Colonel 1st 
 Massachusetts 1st January, 1777. 
 
 77 Col. Hazen : Moses Hazen was Lieutenant in British army on half 
 pay when appointed Colonel 2d Canada Regiment 22d January, 1776. 
 
NOTES 153 
 
 78 St. Trace : On Richelieu River. 
 
 79 Oile of Noix : Isle aux Noix. 
 
 80 Iron Point : Point O'Fray. 
 
 July, 1776. 
 
 81 Chimney Point : In Vermont, on east shore of Lake Champlain. 
 
 82 Skeensboro : Now Whitehall, at the head of Lake Champlain. 
 
 83 Col. Wayne: Anthony Wayne, Colonel 4th Pennsylvania Bat- 
 talion 3rd January, 1776; Brigadier General Continental Army 21st 
 February, 1777. 
 
 84 Genl. Waterbury: David Waterbury, Colonel 5th Connecticut 
 1st May to 13 December, 1775 ; Brigadier General Connecticut State 
 troops 3rd June, 1776 ; taken prisoner at Valcours Island 11 October, 
 1776, exchanged October, 1780. 
 
 85 Col. Johnston : Francis Johnston, Lieutenant Colonel 4th Penn- 
 sylvania Battalion 4th January, 1776; Colonel 5th Pennsylvania 27th 
 September, 1776 ; retired 17th January, 1781. 
 
 8b ' Col. Ogden : Matthias Ogden, served as a volunteer in the expe- 
 dition to Canada and was wounded at Quebec, 31st December, 1775; 
 Lieutenant Colonel 1st New Jersey 7th March, 1776; Colonel 1st Jan- 
 uary, 1777. 
 
 87 Mount Independence: In Vermont, on shore of Lake Champlain, 
 just East of Ticonderoga. 
 
 August, 1776. 
 
 88 Capt. Bigelow : John Bigelow, served as a volunteer under Arnold 
 at Ticonderoga in May, 1775 ; Captain Independant Company Connec- 
 ticut Infantry 19th January to December, 1776. 
 
 89 Capt. Wilson : James Armstrong Wilson, Captain 6th Pennsyl- 
 vania Battalion 9th January, 1776 ; taken prisoner 24th July, 1776 on 
 Sorell River, Canada, exchanged 1777. 
 
154 NOTES 
 
 90 Major Stewart : Walter Stewart, Captain 3rd Pennsylvania Bat- 
 talion 5th January, 1776 ; Major and Aide-de-Camp to Genl. Gates 7th 
 June, 1776. 
 
 91 Col. Courtland : Philip Van Courtland, Lieut. Colonel 4th New 
 York 30th June, 1775 ; Colonel 2d New York 21st November, 1776, to 
 end of war. 
 
 92 Col. Hartly : Thomas Hartley, Lieut. Colonel 6th Pennsylvania 
 Battalion 10th January, 1776 ; Colonel of one of the sixteen additional 
 Continental Regiments 1st January, 1777. 
 
 93 Capt. Bush : Lewis Bush, 1st Lieutenant 6th Pennsylvania Bat- 
 talion 9th January, 1776 ; Captain 24th January, 1776 ; transferred to 
 Hartley's additional Continental Regiment 13th January, 1777. 
 
 94 Lieut. Whitcomb: There were two Lieutenant Whitcombs in 
 Bedel's Regiment of New Hampshire Rangers — Benjamin and Elisha. 
 
 95 Genl. Carlton : In command of the British forces in Canada. 
 
 96 Genl. Brickett : James Brickett, Lieut. Colonel of Frye's Massa- 
 chusetts Regiment 20th May, 1775 ; wounded at Bunker Hill ; served 
 subsequently as Brigadier General of Massachusetts Militia. 
 
 97 Col. Phinney: Edmund Phinney, Colonel of a Massachusetts 
 Regiment July to December, 1775 ; Colonel 18th Continental Infantry 
 1st January to 31st December, 1776. 
 
 September, 1776. 
 
 98 Capt. Crague: Charles Craig, 1st Lieutenant of Thompson's 
 Pennsylvania Rifle Regiment, 25th June, 1775 ; Captain 9th November, 
 1775 ; Captain 1st Continental Infantry 1st January to 31st December, 
 1776. 
 
 99 Rev. Mr. Hitchcock: Chaplain 3rd Continental Infantry 13th 
 March to 31st December, 1776 ; Chaplain 10th Massachusetts 1st Jan- 
 uary, 1777. 
 
NOTES 155 
 
 100 Col. Lewis: Morgan Lewis, Colonel and Deputy Quartermaster 
 General Northern Department 12th September, 1776, to close of war. 
 
 101 Otter Creek: A stream rising in Southern Vermont and flowing 
 north into Lake Champlain. 
 
 October, 1776. 
 
 102 Lt. Dallas: Archibald Dallas, 2d Lieutenant 1st New Jersey 
 9th December, 1775. 
 
 1113 Major Butler: William Butler, Captain 2d Pennsylvania Bat- 
 talion 5th January, 1776; Major 7th September, 1776; Lieut. Colonel 
 4th Pennsylvania 30th September, 1776. 
 
 104 Capt. Fassit : John Fassit, 1st Lieutenant Green Mountain Boys 
 27th July, 1775 ; 1st Lieutenant Warner's Additional Continental Regi- 
 ment 5th July, 1776; Captain 16th September, 1776; cashiered 16th 
 October, 1776. 
 
 106 Onion River : A river rising near Montpelier and flowing west 
 into Lake Champlain. 
 
 106 Capt. Rew: John Rew, Regimental Quartermaster 6th Pennsyl- 
 vania 7th December, 1777. 
 
 107 Dr. Canada: Samuel Kennedy, Surgeon 4th Pennsylvania Bat- 
 talion 24th February to 31st December, 1776. 
 
 108 Dr. Johnson : Robert Johnson, Surgeon to 6th Pennsylvania Bat- 
 talion 9th January, 1776, to January, 1777. 
 
 November, 1776. 
 
 109 Col. Dayton : Elias Dayton, Colonel 3rd New Jersey 18th Janu- 
 ary, 1776 ; transferred to 2d New Jersey 1st January, 1781 ; Brigadier 
 General Continental Army 7th January, 1783. 
 
 110 Col. Wood: Joseph Wood, Captain 2d Pennsylvania Battalion 
 November, 1775 ; Major 4th January, 1776 ; Lieut. Colonel 29th July, 
 
156 NOTES 
 
 1776; Colonel 7th September, 1776; wounded at Lake Champlain 11th 
 October, 1776 ; Colonel 3rd Pennsylvania Regiment January, 1777, to 
 rank from 30th September, 1776. 
 
 111 Capt. Romanes: Bernard Romanes, Captain Independent Penn- 
 sylvania Artillery Company 8th February, 1776. 
 
 [By a typographical error, there is no reference to Capt. Church, 
 third line from the top, page 88. This should be U2 . Capt. Church was 
 Captain of the 4th Pennsylvania Battalion 5th January, 1776 ; Major 
 September, 1777, to rank from March, 1777.] 
 
 113 Major Stevens : 1st Lieutenant Company of Rhode Island Artil- 
 lery May, 1775; Captain of Knox's Regiment Continental Artillery 
 10th December, 1775 ; Major Independent Battalion of Artillery 9th 
 November, 1776 ; Brevet Major Continental Army 27th May, 1777 ; his 
 battalion annexed to 3rd Continental Artillery fall of 1778; Brevet 
 Lieut. Colonel Continental Army 30th April, 1778, " in consideration of 
 his services as commanding officer of Artillery in the Northern Depart 1 
 ment during two campaigns." 
 
 114 Majr. Fraser: Persifer Fraser, Captain 11th Pennsylvania Bat- 
 talion 5th January, 1776 ; Major 3rd October, 1777, to rank from 24th 
 September, 1776. 
 
 115 Capt. Cristy: John Christie, 1st Lieutenant 4th Pennsylvania 
 Battalion 5th January, 1776 ; Captain 5th Pennsylvania 23rd October, 
 1776. 
 
 116 Stillwater: On the Hudson river. 
 
 117 Lt. Col. Fisher : John Fisher, Captain 2nd New York 28th June, 
 1775; Major 3rd New York 8th March, 1776; Lieut. Colonel Nicholson's 
 New York Regiment 21st June to November, 1776. 
 
 January, 1777. 
 
 118 Maj. Brown : Jacob Brown, Major 18th Continental Infantry 1st 
 January to 31st December, 1776. 
 
NOTES 157 
 
 119 Squam : On Cape Ann, Massachusetts. 
 
 120 Capt. Low : Jacob Low, Ensign of 8th Continental Infantry 1st 
 January to 31st December, 1776; Captain of Baldwin's Artificer Regi- 
 ment 16th December, 1776. 
 
 121 Capt. McNeal : Joseph McNiel, Captain of Wigglesworth's Regi- 
 ment Massachusetts Militia in 1776. 
 
 February, 1777. 
 182 Blanford : In southern part of western Massachusetts. 
 
 123 Tithingham : Probably Tyringham, Massachusetts. 
 
 124 Great Barrington : In southwestern Massachusetts. 
 
 125 Canderhook: Kinderhook, east side Hudson river, just above 
 Hudson. 
 
 126 Capt. Alexander : Nathaniel Alexander, 2nd Lieutenant of Brew- 
 er's Massachusetts Regiment May to December, 1775 ; 1st Lieutenant 
 6th Continental Infantry 1st January, 1776 ; Captain 13th Massachu- 
 setts 13th November, 1776. 
 
 March, 1777. 
 
 127 Dr. McCray: Stephen McCrea, Surgeon 2nd New York 28th 
 June, 1775, to January, 1776 ; Hospital Surgeon October, 1776. 
 
 April, 1777. 
 
 188 Maj. Rian : Michael Ryan, 2d Lieutenant 4th Pennsylvania Bat- 
 talion 5th January, 1776; Regimental Adjutant 15th March, 1776; 
 Brigade Major St. Clair's Brigade 17th September, 1776; to General 
 Wayne 21st May, 1777, to 13th June, 1779. 
 
 129 Col. Long: Peirce Long, Colonel New Hampshire Militia 1776 
 to 1778. 
 
 130 Col. Mooney : Hercules Mooney, Lieut. Colonel and Colonel New 
 Hampshire Militia 1776 and 1777. 
 
158 NOTES 
 
 131 Capt. Nichols: Francis Nichols, 2d Lieutenant of Thompson's 
 Pennsylvania Rifle Battalion 25th June, 1775 ; taken prisoner at Quebec 
 31st December, 1775, exchanged 10th October, 1776; Captain 9th 
 Pennsylvania 16th December, 1776, to rank from January 1, 1776. 
 
 132 Col. Basset: Barakiah Bassett, Lieut. Colonel 14th Massachu- 
 setts 19th November, 1776. 
 
 133 willsboro : On the west shore of Lake Champlain. 
 
 134 Col. Marshall : Thomas Marshall, Major 3rd Virginia 13th Feb- 
 ruary, 1776; Lieut. Colonel 13th August, 1776; Colonel 21st February, 
 1777 ; resigned December 4th, 1777. 
 
 135 Col. Francis: Ebenezer Francis, Captain of Mansfield's Massa- 
 chusetts Regiment May to December, 1775 ; Colonel 11th Massachusetts 
 Regiment 6th November, 1776. 
 
 136 Capt. Levensworth : Eli Levensworth, Captain 7th Connecticut 
 6th July to 10th December, 1775 ; Captain 19th Continental Infantry 
 1st January to 31st December, 1776; Captain 6th Connecticut 1st Jan- 
 uary, 1777. 
 
 May, 1777. 
 
 137 Col. Van Dyck: Captain 2d New York 28th June, 1775; Lieut. 
 Colonel 1st New York 21st November, 1776. 
 
 138 Rogers Rock: On west side Lake George at the north end of 
 Lake. 
 
 139 Col. Kosiosko: Tadeusz Kosciusko (Kosiosko), a Polish patriot, 
 born in Lithuania in 1746; came to this country with the French fleet 
 in 1777, and fought for the colonies, becoming a Major General. He 
 died October 15, 1817. 
 
 140 Col. Wilkison : James Wilkison, served as volunteer in Thomp- 
 son's Pennsylvania Rifle Battalion 9th September, 1775, to March, 
 1776 ; Captain 2d Continental Infantry March, 1776, to rank from 9th 
 September, 1775 ; served on staff of General Greene November, 1775, 
 
NOTES 159 
 
 to April, 1776 ; Aide-de-Camp to Genl. Arnold 2d June to 17th July, 
 1776 ; Brigade Major 20th July, 1776, and on the staff of General Gates 
 from December 13th, 1776 ; Lieut. Colonel Hartley's Additional Conti- 
 nental Regiment 12th January, 1777. 
 
 141 Maj. Hull : William Hull, Captain 3rd Massachusetts 6th July to 
 December, 1775; Captain 19th Continental Infantry 1st January to 
 31st December, 1776; Major 8th Massachusetts 1st January, 1777. 
 
 142 Capt. Wilcott: Jarius Wilcox, was 1st Lieutenant Baldwin's 
 Regiment 1st January, 1777. 
 
 143 Lt. Lif ord : Thomas Liford, 2d Lieutenant 2d New Hampshire 
 27th May to December, 1775 ; 1st Lieutenant 8th Continental Infantry 
 1st January, 1776 ; 1st Lieutenant Whitcomb's New Hampshire Rang- 
 ers 4th November, 1776, to December, 1779. 
 
 June, 1777. 
 
 144 Maj. Armstrong: John Armstrong, served as volunteer in the 
 Canada expedition to Quebec, 1775 ; Major and Aide-de-Camp to General 
 Mercer to 3rd January, 1777. 
 
 July, 1777. 
 
 145 Col. Bellows : Benjamin Bellows, Colonel New Hampshire Mili- 
 tia in 1777 and 1778. 
 
 146 Castleton : In western part of Vermont. 
 
 147 Genl. Nixon : John Nixon, Captain of Company Minute Men at 
 Lexington ; Colonel of Massachusetts Regiment 19 May to December, 
 1775 ; Colonel 4th Continental Infantry 1st January, 1776 ; Brigadier 
 General Continental Army 9th August, 1776. 
 
 14s Lieut. Hitchings : William Hutchings, Ensign 4th Continental 
 Infantry 1st January to 31st December, 1776 ; 2nd Lieutenant 1st New 
 Hampshire 8th November, 1776 ; 1st Lieutenant 5th March, 1778 ; re- 
 signed 2nd June, 1779. 
 
160 NOTES 
 
 149 Genl. Fellows : John Fellows, Colonel Massachusetts Regiment 
 May to December, 1775 ; Brigadier General Massachusetts Militia 1776 
 to 1780. 
 
 August, 1777. 
 
 150 Fort Stanwix : Albany, New York. 
 
 151 Col. Wiglesworth : Edward Wigglesworth, Colonel Massachusetts 
 Militia 1776 ; Colonel 13th Massachusetts 1st January, 1777. 
 
 152 Genl. Lincoln: Benjamin Lincoln, Major General Continental 
 Army 19th February, 1777 ; wounded at Saratoga 7th October, 1777. 
 Resolutions of thanks passed by Congress to Major General Gates and 
 Major Generals Lincoln and Arnold. 
 
 153 Gov. Clinton : Sir Henry Clinton, born about the year 1738 ; he 
 came to America in 1775 and fought at Bunker Hill ; was knighted for 
 his services under General Howe. After Burgoyne's surrender in 1778, 
 Clinton succeeded Howe as Commander-in-Chief. He resigned his com- 
 mission and returned to England in 1781 and died at Gibraltar in 1795. 
 
 154 Capt. Goodell: Nathan Goodale, Lieutenant of Brewer's Regi- 
 ment May to December, 1776 ; 1st Lieutenant 13th Continental Infan- 
 try 1st January to 31st December, 1776; Captain 5th Massachusetts 
 1st January, 1777 ; taken prisoner 30th August, 1778, exchanged 9th 
 October, 1780. 
 
 September, 1777. 
 
 155 Col. Morgan : Daniel Morgan, Captain of Company of Virginia 
 Riflemen July, 1775 ; taken prisoner at Quebec 31st December, 1775 ; 
 Colonel 11th Virginia 12th November, 1776. 
 
 October, 1777. 
 
 156 Major Lithgow: William Lithgow, Major 11th Massachusetts 
 1st January, 1777. 
 
NOTES 161 
 
 13 ' Scotack : On the east side of Hudson river, just below Albany. 
 16s Quemans : Coeyman's, west side of Hudson river, opposite Sco- 
 tack. 
 
 July, 1778. 
 
 169 Marrineck : Mamaroneck, on Long Island Sound. 
 
 16u Northcastle : East part of New York State, east of Sing Sing. 
 
 ,61 Genl. Persons: Samuel H. Parsons, Colonel in Lexington alarm ; 
 Colonel 6th Connecticut 1st May to 10th December, 1775; Colonel 10th 
 Continental Infantry 1st January, 1776; Brigadier General Continental 
 Army 9th August, 1776. 
 
 162 Genl. De Portee : Louis Lebique DuPortail, Colonel Engineers 
 8th July, 1777; Chief of Engineers 22d July, 1777; Brigadier General 
 of Engineers 17th November, 1777 ; appointed Commandant Corps of 
 Engineers and Sappers and Miners 11th May, 1779. 
 
 183 Col. Stewart : Walter Stewart, Captain 3rd Pennsylvania Bat- 
 talion 5th January, 1776 ; Major and Aide-de-Camp to General Gates 7th 
 June, 1776 ; by act of 19th November, 1776, raised to rank of Colonel 
 by brevet and presented with sword value $100 ; Colonel Pennsylvania 
 State Regiment 17th June, 1777 ; designated 13th Pennsylvania 12th 
 November, 1777 ; transferred to 2d Pennsylvania 1st July, 1778. 
 
 164 Genl. DeCollee: 
 
 165 Lieut. Dorothy : Michael Dougherty, 2d Lieutenant 6th Mary- 
 land 10th JJecember, 1776; 1st Lieutenant 12th November, 1776 ; cash- 
 iered 14th April, 1779. 
 
 August, 1778. 
 
 166 Genl. De Call ; Probably meant for Gen. De Kalb. (See No. m .) 
 
 167 Genl. De Portell : See Gen. De Portee above. (No. 162 .) 
 
 168 Lord Howe : William Howe was born in 1729 ; had a command 
 under General Wolfe at Quebec ; succeeded General Gage in 1775 as 
 
162 
 
 NOTES 
 
 Commander-in-chief of the British forces in America; commanded at 
 Bunker Hill; took New York; defeated Washington at White Plains 
 and at Brandywine, but was superseded by General Clinton in 1778. 
 In 1799 he succeeded to the viscounty of his brother, Richard, Earl 
 Howe. 
 
 169 Genl. Lee : Charles Lee, Major General Continental Army 17th 
 June, 1775 ; taken prisoner December 13th, 1776, exchanged May 6th, 
 1778. 
 
 170 Col. La Radier : Mons. Baileul de la Radiere, Lieut. Colonel 
 Engineers 8th July, 1777; Colonel 17th November, 1777; died 1779. 
 
 171 Genl. De Kalb : John, Baron, born at Huttendorf, Germany, 1721 ; 
 came to America with LaFayette in 1777, and was appointed a Major 
 General by Congress the same year; served under Washington and 
 was killed at the battle of Camden, August, 1780. 
 
 172 Genl. La Navill : Noirmont de la Neuville, Inspector of the Army 
 under General Gates 14th May, 1778 ; brevet Brigadier General 14th 
 August, 1778 ; retired 4th December, 1778, and permitted to return to 
 France. 
 
 173 Col. Brooks: John Brooks, Captain Company Massachusetts 
 Minute Men at Lexington and Concord ; Major of Bridge's Massachusetts 
 Regiment May to December, 1775; Major 19th Continental Infantry 
 1st January, 1776; Lieut. Colonel 8th Massachusetts 1st November, 
 1776; Lieut. Colonel Commandant 7th Massachusetts 11th November, 
 1778. 
 
 174 Col. Putnam : Ruf us Putnam, Lieut. Colonel of Brewer's Massa- 
 chusetts Regiment May to December, 1775 ; Lieut. Colonel 22d Conti- 
 nental Infantry 1st January, 1776 ; Colonel of Engineers 5th August, 
 1776 ; Colonel 5th Massachusetts 1st November, 1776, to rank from 5th 
 August, 1776. 
 
 176 Major Putnam : Israel Putnam, Jr., Captain 3rd Connecticut 1st 
 May, 1775 ; Major and Aide-de-Camp to General Putnam 22d July, 
 1775, to 3rd June, 1783. 
 
NOTES 163 
 
 178 Col. Malcolm : William Malcolm, served as Major and Colonel 
 of New York Militia, 1776 ; Colonel of one of the 16 additional Conti- 
 nental Regiments 30th April, 1777, to 22d April, 1779. 
 
 177 Col. Gansiforth : Peter Gansevoort, Major 2nd New York 30th 
 June, 1775 ; Lieut. Colonel 19th March, 1776 ; Colonel 3rd New York 
 21 November, 1776 ; Act of 4th October, 1777, thanks of Congress ex- 
 tended him for his defence of Fort Schuyler. 
 
 178 Cosockey: Coxsackie, west side of Hudson river, just above 
 Catskill. 
 
 October, 1778. 
 
 179 Col. Palfrey : William Palfrey, Major and Aide-de-Camp to Gen- 
 eral Lee 16th July, 1775 ; Lieut. Colonel and Aide-de-Camp to General 
 Washington 6th March, 1776; Paymaster General 27th April, 1777, 
 with rank of Lieut. Colonel 9th July, 1776. 
 
 180 New Winsor : West side Hudson river, just south of Newburg. 
 
 181 Genl. Geeen : Nathaniel Greene, Brigadier General Continental 
 Army 22d June, 1775 ; Major General 9th August, 1776 ; Quarter Master 
 General 2d March, 1778 to 30th September, 1780. 
 
 184 Col. Sam'l Hay : Captain 6th Pennsylvania Battalion 9th Janu- 
 ary, 1776; Major 7th Pennsylvania 5th October, 1776; Lieut. Colonel 
 10th Pennsylvania 21st February, 1778. 
 
 183 Capt. Bruen: Jeremiah Bruen, Captain of Baldwin's Artillery 
 Artificer Regiment. 
 
 November, 1778. 
 
 184 Col. Grey: Ebenezer Grey, 2d Lieutenant 3rd Connecticut 1st 
 May to 19th December, 1775 ; 1st Lieutenant and Regimental Quarter, 
 master 20th Continental Infantry 1st January, 1776 ; Brigade Major 
 to General Parsons' Brigade 31st August to December, 1776; Major 6th 
 Connecticut 1st January, 1777 ; Lieut. Colonel 15th October, 1778. 
 
 185 Capt. Pendleton : Captain of Baldwin's Artificer Regiment. 
 
164 NOTES 
 
 December, 1778. 
 
 186 Genl. McDougall : Alexander McDougall, Colonel 1st New York 
 30th June to November, 1775 ; Brigadier General Continental Army 
 9th August, 1776; Major General 20th October, 1777. 
 
 187 Col. Gorivon : Jean Baptiste Obrey de Gouvion, Major of Engin- 
 eers on staff of General Lafayette 8th July, 1777; Lieut. Colonel 17th 
 November, 1777 ; brevet Colonel 16th November, 1781 ; 10th October, 
 1783, retired. 
 
 188 Bown Brook : Bound Brook, New Jersey. 
 
 189 Capt. Claibourne : Buller Claibourne, 2d Lieutenant 2d Virginia 
 24th October, 1775; Captain 8th March, 1776, to 27th July, 1777; 
 served subsequently as Brigade Major and Aide-de-Camp to General 
 Lincoln 1779 and 1780. 
 
 190 pi uc k um i n: Pluckemin, New Jersey. 
 
 January, 1779. 
 
 191 Admiral De Estang: Admiral in command of the English fleet. 
 
ORINTED from type by Charles H. Glass & Company, Bangor, 
 Maine, U. S. A., in an edition of Two Hundred copies and the 
 type distributed. 
 
L 'BRARYOFCONGR™ 
 
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