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GOWANS' 
 
 BIBLIOTHECA AMERICANA. 
 
 "Tliy fathers went down into Egypt with three score and ten 
 persons, and now the Lord thy God hath made thee as the stars of 
 heaven for multitude." Moses. 
 
 " Two things are to be considered in writing history, truth and 
 elocution, for in truth consisteth the soul, and in elociition the body 
 of history ; the latter ^^^thout the former, is but a picture of history ; 
 the former without the latter, unapt to instruct. The principle and 
 proper work of history, being to instruct, and enable men by their 
 knowledge of actions past, to bear themselves prudently in the 
 present, and providently towards the future." T. Hobbes. 
 
 NEW YORK: 
 WILLIAM GOWANS. 
 
 1869. 
 
64 Copies printed on large paper 4to. 
 
OHAEAOTEE OF THE PEOVIKOE 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 DESCRIBED IN FOUR DISTINCT PARTS. 
 
 A SMALL TREATISE ON THE WILD AND NAKED INDIANS (OR 
 
 SUSQUEHANOKES) OF MARYLAND, THEIR CUSTOMS, 
 
 MANNERS, ABSURDITIES, AND RELIGION. 
 
 TOGETHER WITH 
 
 A COLLECTION OF HISTORICAL LETTERS. 
 
 GEORGE ALSOP. 
 
 A NEW EDITION WITH AN INTRODUCTION AND COPIOUS 
 HISTORICAL NOTES. 
 
 By JOHN aiLMARY SHEA, LL.D., 
 
 MEMBER OF THE NEW TORE HISTORICAL SOCIETY. 
 
 Our western world, with all its matchless floods. 
 
 Our cast traiisparfut lah s uml ijouudliss woods,, 
 
 Stamiiiil irith flu tniit'< (if DKij, .sti/ siililime, 
 
 Unhnnon '/ )r,eii thr sit, „t laji^^, ,,/ Ihiie, 
 
 Spread their iri/if //ni/n/, nr in ilu unconscimis sky, 
 
 Jn sweetest seasons jiu.ss unln , iti d tiy ; 
 
 While scarce oiu' nms, ninnis Uw sonqs they gave, 
 
 Or seeks to snatch their glories from the grave. 
 
 Alexander Wilson, The Ornithologist. 
 The greater part of the magmficent covntnes emt of the Alleghames is in a high 
 state ff '•ultiralion and coiininn'/id jirnsjn rih/. ii'illi ntttural (idraiifarii s not xiir- 
 passed in nnij conntni. A(diiri , /nin'i / . /■. s/i/f innintii'inx In r sinui in so/in- poiix. 
 especially >vher</dnc-barnn.< imd sn'mn/ix jir, ruit. Tin itrrilonj (f tin t'nitid 
 States covers an area of 2,9(lH,fltii; xt/nnri inihs. ohinit on, -liolf (f n'hi'rh is <-(iimlili 
 of producing everything that is ns.fiil in nian. Iml imt nni'rr 'than a tuu nti/-s?.iih 
 part of it has been cleared. Tin diniaJe is gun, /ally Ittalthy, the soil 'fertile, 
 abounding in mineral treasures, and it possesses every advantage from navigable 
 7-ivers and excellent Mrbors Mrs. Somerville. 
 
 NEW YORK: 
 WILLIAM GOWANS 
 
 1869. 
 
5 
 
 Not entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1869, by 
 
 W. GOWANS, 
 
 In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the 
 Southern District of New York. 
 
 J. MUNSKLL, PRINTER, 
 ALBANY. 
 
 ^^\^ 
 
DEDICATED 
 
 THE MEMORY 
 
 LORD BALTIMORE. 
 
^ntt; 
 
ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 The subscriber announces to the public, that he intends publishing 
 a series of works, relating to the history, literature, biography, 
 antiquities and curiosities of the Continent of America. To be 
 entitled 
 
 GOWANS' BIBLIOTHECA AMERICANA. 
 
 The books to form this collection, will chiefly consist of re- 
 prints from old and scarce works, difficult to be produced in this 
 country, and often also of very rare occurrence in Europe; occa- 
 sionally an original work will be introduced into the series, de- 
 signed to throw light upon some obscure point of American 
 history, or to elucidate the biography of some of the distin- 
 guished men of our land. Faithful reprints of every work 
 published will be given to the public; nothing will be added, 
 except in the way of notes, or introduction, which will be pre- 
 sented entirely distinct from the body of the work. They will 
 be brought out in the best style, both as to type, press work and 
 paper, and in such a manner as to make them well worthy a place 
 in any gentleman's library. 
 
 A part will appear about once in every six months, or oftener, 
 if the public taste demand it; each part forming an entire work, 
 either an original production, or a reprint of some valuable, and 
 at the same time scarce tract. From eight or twelve parts will 
 form a handsome octavo volume, which the publisher is well 
 assured, will be esteemed entitled to a high rank in every collec- 
 tion of American history and literature. 
 
 Should reasonable encouragement be given, the whole collection 
 may in the course of no long period of time become not less 
 voluminous, and quite as valuable to the student in American 
 history, as the celebrated Harleian Miscellany is now to the student 
 and lover of British historical antiquities. 
 
 W. GOWANS, Publisher. 
 
INTRODUCTION. 
 
 George Alsop, the author of this curious tract, was born 
 according to the inscription on his portrait, in 1638. He 
 served a two years' apprenticeship to some trade "in 
 London, but seems to have been wild enough. His 
 portrait and his language alike bespeak the rollicking 
 roysterer of the days of the restoration, thoroughly 
 familiar with all the less reputable haunts of London. 
 He expresses a hearty contempt for Cromwell and his 
 party, and it may be that the fate which confined him to 
 a four years' servitude in Maryland was an order of trans- 
 portation issued in the name of the commonwealth of 
 England. He speaks disdainfully of the "mighty low 
 and distracted life" of such as could not pay their passage, 
 then, according to Leah and Bachel (p. 14), generally 
 six pounds, as though want of money was not in his case 
 the cause of his emigrating from England. He gives the 
 letters he wrote to his family and friends on starting, but 
 omits the date, although from allusions to the death of 
 Cromwell in a letter dated at Gravesend, September 7th, 
 he evidently sailed in 1658, the protector having died on 
 the 3d of September in that year. 
 
 In Maryland he fell to the lot of Thomas Stockett, Esq., 
 one of three brothers who came to Maryland in 1658, 
 
 2 417 
 
10 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 perhaps at the same time as Alsop, and settled originally 
 it would seem in Baltimore county. It was on this estate 
 that Alsop spent the four years which enabled him to 
 write the following tract. He speaks highly of his treat- 
 ment and the abundance that reigned in the Stockett 
 mansion. 
 
 Alsop's book appeared in 1666. One of the laudatory 
 verses that preface it is dated January, 1665 (|), and as it 
 would appear that he did not remain in Maryland after 
 the expiration of his four years, except perhaps for a short 
 time in consequence of a fit of sickness to which he 
 alludes, he probably returned to London to resume his 
 old career. 
 
 Of his subsequent life nothing is known, and though 
 
 '^ Allison ascribes to him a volume of Sermons, we may 
 
 safely express our grave doubts whether the author of 
 
 this tract can be suspected of anything of the kind. 
 
 \ The book, written in a most extravagant style, contains 
 
 \ no facts as to the stirring events in Maryland history 
 
 / which preceded its date, and in view, doubtless, of the 
 
 still exasperated state of public feeling, seems to have 
 
 studiously avoided all allusion to so unattractive a subject. 
 
 As an historical tract it derives its chief value from the 
 
 portion which comprises its Relation of the Susquehanna 
 
 Indians. 
 
 The object for which the tract was issued seems evident. 
 It was designed to stimulate emigration to Maryland, and 
 is written in a vulgar style to suit the class it was to reach. 
 "While from its dedication to Lord Baltimore, and the 
 merchant adventurers, we may infer that it was paid for 
 by them, in order to encourage emigration, especially of 
 redemptioners. 
 
 418 
 
INTRODUCTION. 11 
 
 Much of the early emigration to America was effected 
 by what was called the redemption system. Under this, 
 one disposed to emigrate, but unable to raise the £6, 
 entered into a contract in the following form, with a 
 merchant adventurer, ship owner or ship master, and 
 occasionally with a gentleman emigrant of means, under 
 which the latter gave him his passage and supplies: 
 
 The Forme of Binding a Servant. 
 
 [From A Relation of Maryland, &c., 1035.] 
 
 This indenture made the day of in the yeere 
 
 of our Soveraigne Lord King Charles &c betweene of the 
 
 one party, and on the other party, Witnesseth that the 
 
 said doth hereby covenant, promise .and grant, to and 
 
 with, the said his Executors and Assignes, to serve him 
 
 from the day of the date hereof, vntill his first and next arrivall in 
 
 Maryland, and after for and during the tearme of yeeres, in 
 
 such service and employment as the said or his assignes 
 
 shall there employ him, according to the custome of the countrey in 
 
 the like kind. In consideration whereof, the said doth 
 
 promise and grant, to and with the said to pay for his 
 
 passing and to find him with Meat, Drinke, Apparell and Lodging, 
 with other necessaries during the said terme ; and at the end of the 
 said terme, to give him one whole yeeres provision of Come and 
 fifty acres of Land, according to the order of the countrey. In 
 
 witnesse whereof, the said hath hereunto put his hand 
 
 and scale the day and yeere above written. 
 Sealed and delivered ) 
 in the presence of J 
 
 The term of service, at first limited to five years [Rela- 
 iion of 31aryland, 1635, p. 63), was subsequently reduced 
 to four (Act of 1638, &c.), and so remained into the next 
 
 419 
 
12 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 century (Act of April, 1715). Thus a woman in the Sot 
 Weed Factor, after speaking of her life in England, says : 
 
 Not theij a slave for twice two year, 
 
 My cloaths were fashionably new, 
 
 Nor were my shifts of liunen Blue ; 
 
 But things are changed; now at the Hoe, 
 
 I daily work and Barefoot go, 
 
 In weeding Corn or feeding Swine, 
 
 I spend my melancholy Time. 
 
 Disputes arose as to the time when the term began, and 
 it was finally fixed at the anchoring of the vessel in the 
 province, but not more than fourteen days were to be 
 allowed for anchoring after they passed the Capes (Act of 
 1715). "When these agreements were made with the mer- 
 chant adventurer, ship owner or ship captain, the servants 
 were sold at auctions, which were conducted on the prin- 
 ciple of our tax sales, the condition being the payment of 
 the advances, and the bidding being for the term of 
 service, descending from the legal limit according to his 
 supposed value as a mechanic or hand, the best man being 
 taken for the shortest term. Where the emigrants made 
 their agreement with the gentleman emigrant, they pro- 
 ceeded at once to the land he took up, and in the name of 
 the servant the planter took up at least one hundred acres 
 of land, fifty of which, under the agreement, he conveyed 
 to the servant at the expiration of his term of service. 
 
 Alsop seems to have made an agreement, perhaps on 
 the voyage, with Thomas Stockett, Esq., as his first letter 
 from America mentions his being in the service of that 
 gentleman. His last letter is dated at Gravesend, the 7th 
 of September, and his first in Maryland January 17 (1659), 
 making a voyage of four months, which he loosely calls 
 five, and describes as "a blowing and dangerous passage." 
 
 430 
 
INTRODUCTION. 13 
 
 Through the kindness of George Lynn Lachlin Davis, 
 Esq., I have been enabled to obtain from J. Shaaf Stockett, 
 Esq., a descendant of Captain Stockett, some details as to 
 his ancestor, the master of our author, during his four 
 years' servitude, which was not very grievous to him, for 
 he says, " had I known my yoak would have been so 
 easie (as 1 conceive it will) I would have been here long 
 before now, rather than to have dwelt under the pressure 
 of a Rebellious and Trayterous government so long as I 
 did." 
 
 A manuscript statement made some years later by one 
 Joseph Tilly, states : "About or in y* year of o"" Lord 1667 
 or 8 I became acquainted w"" 4 Gent" y' were brethren & 
 then dwellers here iu Maryland the elder of them went by 
 y* name of Coll" Lewis Stockett & y* second by y' name 
 of Capt" Thomas Stockett, y* third was Docf Francis 
 Stockett & y* Fourth Brother was M' Henry Stockett. 
 These men were but y° newly seated or seating in Anne 
 Arunndell County & they had much business w^ the Lord 
 Baltimore then pp^'"' of y' Provinces, my house standing 
 convenient they were often entertained there : they told 
 mee y* they were Kentish men or Men of Kent & y* for 
 that they had been concerned for King Charles y* first, 
 were out of favour w"* y^ following Governm' they Mort- 
 gaged a Good an estate to follow King Charles the second 
 in his exile & at their Return they had not money to 
 redeem their mortgage, w'='' was y* cause of their coming 
 hither. Joseph Tilly." 
 
 Of the brothers, who are said to have arrived in the 
 spring or summer of 1658, only Captain Thomas Stockett 
 remained in Maryland, the others having, according to 
 family tradition, returned to England. As stated in the 
 
 421 
 
14 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 document just given, they settled in Anne Arundell 
 county, and on the 19th of July, 1669, " Obligation," a 
 tract of 664 acres of laud was patented to Captain Thomas 
 Stockett, and a part still after the lapse of nearly two 
 centuries remains in the family, being owned by Frank H. 
 Stockett, Esq., of the Annapolis bar. 
 
 By his wife Mary ( Wells it is supposed). Captain Thomas 
 Stockett had one son, Thomas, born April 17, 1667, from 
 whose marriage with Mary, daughter of Thomas Sprigg, 
 of West River, gentleman (March 12, 1689), and subse- 
 quent marriage with Damarris Welch, the Stocketts of 
 Maryland, Kentucky, Pennsylvania, New York and ISTew 
 Jersey are descended. 
 
 The arms of this branch, as given in the family archives, 
 are " Or a Lyon rampant sable armed and Langued Gules 
 a cheife of y^ second a castle Tripple towred argent 
 betwixt two Beausants — to y^ crest upon a helm on a 
 wreath of y® colours, a Lyon Proper segeant supporte on a 
 stock ragged and trunked argent Borne by the name of 
 Stockett with a mantle Gules doubled Argent." These 
 . agree with the arms given by Burke as the arms of the 
 Stocketts of St. Stephens, county of Kent. 
 
 Thomas Stockett's will, dated April 23, 1671, was 
 proved on the 4th of May in the same year, so that his 
 death must have occurred within the ten intervening days. 
 He left his estate to his wife for life, then his lands to his 
 son Thomas, and his posthumous child if a son, and his 
 personal estate to be divided among his daughters. His 
 executors were his brothers Francis and Henry and his 
 brother (in-law) Richard Wells. His dispositions of pro- 
 perty are brief, much of the will consisting of pious 
 expressions and wishes. 
 
 423 
 
INTRODUCTION. 15 
 
 To return to the early Maryland emigration, at the time 
 there was evident need for some popular tract to remove a 
 prejudice that had been created against that colony, espe- 
 cially in regard to the redemptioners. The condition of 
 those held for service in Maryland had been represented 
 as pitiable indeed, the labor intolerable, the usage bad, 
 the diet hard, and that no beds were allowed but the bare 
 boards. Such calumnies had already been refuted in 
 1656 by Hammond, in his Leah and Jiachel. Yet it 
 would seem that ten years later the proprietor of Mary- 
 land found it necessary to give Alsop's flattering picture 
 as a new antidote. 
 
 The original tract is reproduced so nearly in fac simile 
 here that little need be said about it. The original is a 
 very small volume, the printed matter on the page being 
 only 2| inches by 4|. (See note No. 1). 
 
 At the end are two pages of advertisements headed 
 " These Books, with others, are Printed for Peter Dring, 
 and are to be sold at his Shop, at the Sun in the Poultrey, 
 next door to the Rose Tavern." 
 
 Among the books are Eliana, Holesworth's Yalley of 
 Vision, Pobotham's Exposition of Solomon's Song, !N". 
 Byfields' Marrow of the Oracle of God, Pheteplace's 
 Scrutinia Sacra, Featly Tears in Time of Pestilence, 
 Templum Musicum by Joannes Henricus Alstedius, two 
 cook books, a jest book, Troads Englished, and ends with 
 A Comment upon the Two Tales of our Renowned Poet 
 Sir Jeffray Chaucer, Knight. 
 
 At the end of this is the following by way of erratum : 
 " Courteous Reader. In the first Epistle Dedicatory, for 
 Felton read Feltham." 
 
 423 
 
'7 
 
 A 
 
 CHARACTER 
 
 Of the PROVINCE of 
 
 MARY-LAND, 
 
 Wherein is Defcribed in four diftindt 
 Parts, {Fiz.) 
 
 I. 7^1? Scituation^ and plenty of the Province. 
 
 II. The Laws^ Cujioms^ and natural Demea- 
 nor of the Inhabitant. 
 
 III. The worji and beji Vfage of a Mary- 
 
 Land Servant^ opened in view. 
 
 IV. The Traffique^ and Vendahle Commodities 
 
 of the Countrey. 
 
 ALSO 
 
 ^ ftn«TU Treatife on the Wilde and 
 
 Naked INDIANS (or Sufquehanokes) 
 of Mary-Land^ their Cuftoms, Man- 
 ners, Abfurdities, & Religion. 
 
 Together with a Colledtion of Hifto- 
 rical LETTERS. 
 
 By GEORGE ALSOP. 
 
 London, Printed by T. J. for Peter Dring, 
 at the fign of the Sun in the Poultrey; 1666. 
 3 
 
TO THE RIGHT HONORABLE 
 
 C^CILIUS LORD BALTEMORE, (see note No. 2) 
 Absolute Lord and Proprietary of the Pro- 
 vinces of Mary-Land and Avalon (see 
 note No. 3) in America. 
 
 My Lord, 
 
 I Have adventured on your Lordships acceptance 
 by guess; if presumption has led me into an 
 Error that deserves correction, I heartily beg Indemp- 
 nity, and resolve to repent soundly for it, and do so 
 no more. What I present I know to be true, Expe- 
 rientia docet; It being an infallible Maxim, That 
 there is no Globe like tJie occular and experimental view 
 of a Countrey. And had not Fate by a necessary 
 imployment, consin'd me within the narrow walks of 
 a four years Servitude, and by degrees led me through 
 the most intricate and dubious paths of this Countrey, 
 by a commanding and undeniable Enjoyment, I could 
 not, nor should I ever have undertaken to have writ> 
 ten a line of this nature. 
 
 427 
 
-i ( 
 
 THE EPISTLE DEDICATORY. 
 
 If I have wrote or composed any thing that's wilde 
 and confused, it is because I am so my self, and the 
 world, as far as I can perceive, is not much out of the 
 same trim; therefore I resolve, if I am brought to 
 the Bar of Common Law for any thing I have done 
 here, to plead Non compos mentis, to save my Bacon. 
 
 There is an old Saying in EngUsh, He must rise 
 betimes that would please every one. And I am afraid 
 I have lain so long a bed, that I think I shall please 
 no body ; if it must be so, I cannot help it. But as 
 Feltham (see note No. 4) in his Resolves says. In things^ 
 that m>ust he, 'tis good to be resolute; And therefore ] 
 what Destiny has ordained, I am resolved to wink, / 
 and stand to it. So leaving your Honour to more 
 serious meditations, I subscribe my self. 
 My Lord 
 
 Your Lordship most 
 
 Humble Servant, 
 
 George Alsop. 
 
1 ^ 
 
 To all the Merchant Adventurers for MARY-LAND, 
 
 together with those Commanders of Ships 
 
 that saile into that Province. 
 
 Sirs, 
 
 You a7'e both Adventurers, the one of Estate, the 
 other of Life: I could tell you lam an Adve^^- 
 turer too, if I durst presume to come into your Company. 
 I have ventured to come abroad in Pi-int, and if I should 
 be laughed at fen' my good meaning, it would so break 
 the credit of my understanding, that I should never dare 
 to shew my fojce upmi the Exchange of {conceited) Wits 
 again. 
 
 This dish of Discourse was inte^ided foi' you at first, 
 but it teas mamiers to let my Lord have the first cut, the 
 Pye being his own. I beseech you accept of the matter 
 as 'tis drest, only to stay your stomachs, and Tie promise 
 you the next shall be better done, ' Tis all as I can serve 
 you in at prese^it, and it may be questionable tvhether I 
 have served you in this or no. Here I present you loitJi 
 A Character of Mary-Land, it may be you will say 'tis 
 weakly done, if you do I cannot help it, His as well as I 
 could do it, ccnisidering several Obstacles that lilce blocks 
 were thrown in my icay to hinder my proceeding : The 
 major part thereof was loritten in the intermitting time 
 of my sickness, tluereforre I hope the ajflicting iveakness of 
 
 431 
 
24 
 
 my Microcosm may plead a just excuse for some imper- 
 fections of my' pen. I protest what I have writ is from 
 an experimental knowledge of the Country, and not frmn 
 any imaginary supposition. If lam blamed for what I 
 have done too much, it is the first, and I will irrevocably 
 promise it shall be the last. There s a Maxim upon 
 Tryals at Assizes, That if a thief be taken upon the first 
 fault, if it be not to hainous, tliey only burn him in the 
 hand and let him go (see note No. 5) : So I desire you 
 to do by me, if you find any thing that bears a criminal 
 absurdity in it, oidy burn me for my first fact and let 
 me go. But I am afiraid I have kept you too long in 
 tlie Entry, I shall desire you therefore to come in and 
 sit down. 
 
 G. Alsop. 
 
i-^ 
 
 PREFACE 
 
 K E A D E R. 
 
 The Reason why I appear in this place is, lest the 
 general Reader should conclude I have nothing 
 to say for my self; and truly he's in the right on't, 
 for I have but little to say (for my self) at this time : 
 For I have had so large a Journey, and so heavy a 
 Burden to bring Mary-Land into England, that I am 
 almost out of breath : I'le promise you after I am 
 come to my self, you shall hear more of me. Good 
 Reader, because you see me make a brief Apologetical 
 excuse for my self, don't judge me ; for I am so self- 
 conceited of my own merits, that I almost think I 
 want none. De Lege non judicandum ex sold linea, 
 saith the Civilian ; We must not pass judgement upon 
 a Law by one line : And because we see but a small 
 Bush at a Tavern door, conclude there is no Canary 
 (see note No. 6). For as in our vulgar Resolves 'tis 
 said, A good face needs no Band, and an ill one deserves 
 none: So the French Proverb sayes, Bon Vien il n'a 
 faut point de Ensigne, Good Wine needs no Bush. I 
 suppose by this time some of my speculative observers 
 
 '1 433 
 
26 PREFACE TO THE READER. 
 
 have judged me vainglorious ; but if they did but 
 rightly consider me, they would not be so censorious. 
 For I dwell so far from Neighbors, that if I do not 
 praise my self, no body else will : And since I am left 
 alone, I am resolved to summon the Magna Gharta of 
 Fowles to the Bar for my excuse, and by their irrevo- 
 cable Statutes plead my discharge. For its an ill 
 Bird loill hefoule her oion Nest : Besides, I have a 
 thousand Billings-gate (see note No. 7) Collegians that 
 will give in their testimony. That they never knew a 
 Fish-iDoman cry stinking Fish. Thus leaving the 
 Nostrils of the Citizens Wives to demonstrate what 
 they please as to that, and thee (Good Reader) to say 
 what thou wilt, I bid thee Farewel. 
 
 Geo. Alsop. 
 
 434 
 
AUTHOR 
 
 BOOK. 
 
 WHen first Apollo got my brain with Cbilde, 
 He made large promise never to beguile, 
 But like an honest Father, he would keep 
 Whatever Issue from my Brain did creep : 
 With that I gave consent, and up he threw 
 Me on a Bench, and strangely he did do; 
 Then every week he daily came to see 
 How his new Physick still did work with me. 
 And when he did perceive he'd don the feat. 
 Like an unworthy man he made retreat. 
 Left me in desolation, and where none 
 Compassionated when they heard me groan. 
 "What could he judge the Parish th^n would think, 
 To see me fair, his Brat as black as Ink ? 
 If they had eyes, they'd swear I were no ITun, 
 But got with Child by some black Africk Son, 
 And so condemn me for my Fornication, 
 To beat them Hemp to stifle half the Nation. 
 Well, since 'tis so, I'le alter this base Fate, 
 And lay his Bastard at some JToble's Gate ; 
 Withdraw my self from Beadles, and from such, 
 Who would give twelve pence I were in their clutch 
 
 486 
 
28 THE AUTHOR TO HIS BOOK. 
 
 Then, who can tell ? this Child which I do hide, 
 
 May be in time a Small-beer Col'nel Pride (see note 
 
 But while I talk, my business it is dumb, [No. 8). 
 
 I must lay double-clothes unto thy Bum, 
 
 Then lap thee warm, and to the world commit 
 
 The Bastard Off-spring of a New-born wit. 
 
 Farewel, poor Brat, thou in a monstrous "World, 
 
 In swadling bauds, thus up and down art hurl'd ; 
 
 There to receive what Destiny doth contrive. 
 
 Either to perish, or be sav'd alive. 
 
 Good Fate protect thee from a Criticks power. 
 
 For If he comes, thou'rt gone in half an hour, 
 
 Stiff'd and blasted, 'tis their usual way. 
 
 To make that Night, which is as bright as Bay. 
 
 For if they once but wring, and skrew their mouth. 
 
 Cock up their Hats, and set the point Du-South, 
 
 Armes all a kimbo, and with belly strut. 
 
 As if they had Parnassus in their gut : 
 
 These are the Symtomes of the murthering fall 
 
 Of my poor Infant, and his burial. 
 
 Say he should miss thee, and some ign'rant Asse 
 
 Should find thee out, as he along doth pass, 
 
 It were all one, he'd look into thy Tayle, 
 
 To see if thou wert Feminine or Male ; 
 
 "When he'd half starv'd thee, for to satisfie 
 
 His peeping Ign'rance, he'd then let thee lie ; 
 
 And vow by's wit he ne're could understand, 
 
 The Heathen dresses of another Land : 
 
 "Well, 'tis no matter, wherever such as he 
 
 Knows one grain, more than his simplicity. 
 
 Now, how the pulses of my senses beat. 
 
 To think the rigid Fortune thou wilt meet ; 
 
 436 
 
THE AUTHOR TO HIS BOOK. 29 
 
 Asses and captious Fools, not six in ten 
 
 Of thy Spectators will be real men, 
 
 To Umpire up the badness of the cause, 
 
 And screen mj weakness from the rav'nous Laws, 
 
 Of those that will undoubted sit to see 
 
 How they might blast this new-born Infancy : 
 
 If they should burn him, they'd conclude hereafter, 
 
 'Twere too good death for him to dye a Martyr; 
 
 And if they let him live, they think it will 
 
 Be but a means for to encourage ill, 
 
 And bring in time some strange Antipod'ans, 
 
 A thousand Leagues beyond Philippians, 
 
 To storm our "Wits ; therefore he must not rest, 
 
 But shall be hang'd, for all he has been prest : 
 
 Thus they conclude. — My Genius comforts give, 
 
 In Resurrection he will surely live. 
 
 437 
 
To my Friend Mr. George Alsop, on his Character of 
 MARY-LAND. 
 
 WHo such odd nookes of Earths great mass describe, 
 Prove their descent from old Columbus tribe: 
 Some Boding augur did his Name devise, 
 Thy Genius too cast in th' same mould and size ; 
 His Name predicted he would be a Rover, 
 And hidden jylaces of this Orb discover ; 
 Me made relation of thai World in gross, 
 Thou the particulars retaiVst to us : 
 By this first Peny of thy fancy we. 
 Discover ivhat thy greater CoiJies will be ; 
 This Embryo thus well polisht doth presage, 
 The manly Atchievements of its future age. 
 Auspicious loinds bloio gently on this spark, 
 TJntill its flames discover ivhat's yet dark ; 
 Mean lohile this short Abridgement we embrace, 
 Expecting that thy busy soul will trace 
 Some Mines at last which may enrich the World, 
 And all that poverty may be in oblivion hurVd. 
 Zoilus is dumb, for thou the mark hast hit. 
 By interlacing History with Wit : 
 Thou hast described its superficial Treasure, 
 Anatomiz'd its bowels at thy leasure ; 
 That MARY-LAND to thee may duty owe. 
 Who to the World dost all her Glory shew ; 
 Then thou shall make the Prophesie fall true. 
 Who Jill' st the World (like th' Sea J with knowledge new. 
 William Bogherst. (See note No. 9.) 
 
 439 
 
To my Friend Mr. George Alsop, on his Character of 
 MARY-LAND. 
 
 THis plain, yet pithy and concise Description 
 Of Mary-Lands pleniious and sedate condition, 
 With other things herein by you set forth. 
 To shew its Rareness, and declare its Worth ; 
 Coni'pos'd in such a time, lohen most men were 
 Smitten iviih Sickness, or siirpriz'd with Fear, 
 Argues a Genius good, and Courage stout. 
 In bringing this Design so well about : 
 Such generous Freedom, waited on thy brain, 
 The Work was done in midst of greatest pain ; 
 And. matters flow'' d so swiftly from thy source. 
 Nature designed thee (sure) for such Discourse. 
 Go on then with thy Work so well begun, 
 Let it come forth, and boldly see the Sun; 
 Then shall' i be known to all, that from thy Youth 
 Thou heldst it Noble to maintain the Truth, 
 ' Gainst all the Rabble-rout, that yelping stand, 
 To caM aspersions on thy MARY-LAND : 
 Bui this thy Work shall vindicate its Fame, 
 And as a Trophy memorize thy Name, 
 So if without a Tomb thou buried be, 
 This Book's a lasting Monument for thee. 
 
 IL W., Master of Arts. (See note No. 10). 
 
 F^om my Study, 
 Jan. 10, 1665. 
 
 441 
 
A 
 
 CHARACTER 
 
 OF THE PROVINCE OF 
 
 MARY-LAND. 
 
 CHAP. I. 
 
 Of the situation and plenty of the Province of Mary-Land. 
 
 MARY-LAND is a Province situated upon the 
 large extending bowels of America^ under the 
 Government of the Lord Bcdtemm'e, adjacent North- 
 wardly upon the Confines of New-Enyland, and 
 neighbouring Southwardly upon Virginia, dwelling 
 pleasantly upon the Bay of CTwesapike (see note No. 
 11), between the Degrees of 36 and 38, in the Zone 
 temperate, and by Mathematical computation is eleven 
 hundred and odd Leagues in Longitude from England, 
 being within her own imbraces extraordinary pleasant 
 and fertile. Pleasant, in respect of the multitude of 
 Navigable Rivers and Creeks that conveniently and 
 most profitably lodge within the armes of her green, 
 spreading, and delightful Woods ; whose natural 
 womb (by her plenty) maintains and preserves the 
 several diversities of Animals that rangingly inhabit 
 her Woods ; as she doth otherwise generously fructifie 
 
 443 
 
36 A CHARACTER OF THE 
 
 this piece of Earth with almost all sorts of Vegetables, 
 as well Flowers with their varieties of colours and 
 smells, as Herbes and Eoots with their several effects 
 and operative virtues, that offer their benefits daily to 
 supply the want of the Inhabitant whene're their 
 necessities shall Sub-poeoia them to wait on their com- 
 mands. So that he, who out of curiosity desires to 
 see the Landskip of the Creation drawn to the life, or 
 to read Natures universal Herbal without book, may 
 with the Opticks of a discreet discerning, view Mary- 
 Land drest in her green and fragrant Mantle of the 
 Spring. Neither do I think there is any place under 
 the Heavenly altitude, or that has footing or room 
 upon the circular Globe of this world, that can parallel 
 this fertile and pleasant piece of ground in its multi- 
 plicity, or rather Natures extravagancy of a super- 
 abounding plenty. For so much doth this Country 
 increase in a swelling Spring-tide of rich variety and 
 diversities of all things, not only common provisions 
 that supply the reaching stomach of man with a 
 satisfactory plenty, but also extends with its liberality 
 and free convenient benefits to each sensitive faculty, 
 according to their several desiring Aj)petites. So that 
 had Nature made it her business, on purpose to have 
 found out a situation for the Soul of profitable Inge- 
 nuity, she could not have fitted herself better in the 
 traverse of the whole Universe, nor in convenienter 
 terms have told man. Dwell here, live 'plentifully and 
 he rich. 
 
 444 
 
PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 37 
 
 The Trees, Plants, Fruits, Flowers, and Roots that 
 grow here in Mary-Land, are the only Emblems or 
 Hieroglyphicks of our Adamitical or Primitive situa- 
 tion, as well for their variety as odoriferous smells, 
 together with their vertues, according to their several 
 effects, kinds and properties, which still bear the Ef- 
 figies of Innocency according to their original Grafts; 
 which by their dumb vegetable Oratory, each hour 
 speaks to the Inhabitant in silent acts. That they 
 need not look for any other Terrestrial Paradice, to 
 suspend or tyre their curiosity upon, while she is 
 extant. For within her doth dwell so much of 
 variety, so much of natural plenty, that there is not 
 any thing that is or may be rare, but it inhabits 
 within this plentious soyle : So that those parts of 
 the Creation that have borne the Bell away (for many 
 ages) for a vegetable plentiousness, must now in 
 silence strike and vayle all, and whisper softly in the 
 auditual parts of Mary-Land, that None hut she in this 
 dirells siJigular ; and that as well for that she doth 
 exceed in those Fruits, Plants, Trees and Roots, that 
 dwell and grow in their several Clymes or habitable 
 parts of the Earth besides, as the rareness and super- 
 excellency of her own glory, which she flourishly 
 abounds in, by the abundancy of reserved Rarities, 
 such as the remainder of the World (with all its 
 speculative art) never bore any occular testimony of 
 as yet. I shall forbear to particularize those several 
 sorts of vegetables that flourishingly grows here, by 
 
38 A CHARACTER OF THE 
 
 reason of the vast tediousness that will attend upon 
 the description, which therefore makes them much 
 more fit for an Herbal, than a small Manuscript or 
 History. (See note No. 12). 
 
 As for the wilde Animals of this Country, which 
 loosely inhabits the Woods in multitudes, it is impos- 
 sible to give you an exact description of them all, 
 considering the multiplicity as well as the diversity of 
 so numerous an extent of Creatures : But such as has 
 fallen within the compass or prospect of my knowledge, 
 those you shall know of; videlicet, the Deer, because 
 they are oftner seen, and more participated of by the 
 Inhabitants of the Land, whose acquaintance by a 
 customary familiarity becomes much more common 
 than the rest of Beasts that inhabit the Woods by 
 using themselves in Herds about the Christian Plan- 
 tations. Their flesh, which in some places of this 
 Province is the common provision the Inhabitants 
 feed on, and which through the extreme glut and 
 plenty of it, being daily killed by the hidimis, and 
 brought in to the English, as well as that which is 
 killed by the Christian Inhabitant, that doth it more 
 for recreation, than for the benefit they reap by it. 
 I say, the flesh of Venison becomes (as to food) rather 
 denyed, than any way esteemed or desired. And this 
 I speak from an experimental knowledge ; For when 
 I was under a Command, and debarr'd of a four years 
 ranging Liberty in the Province of Mary-Land, the 
 Gentleman whom I served my conditional and pre- 
 
PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 39 
 
 fixed time withall, had at one time in his house four- 
 score Venisons, besides plenty of other provisions to 
 serve his Family nine months, they being but seven 
 in number ; so that before this Venison was brought 
 to a period by eating, it so nauseated our appetites 
 and stomachs, that plain bread was rather courted 
 and desired than it. 
 
 The Deer (see note No. 13) here neither in shape 
 nor action differ from our Deer in England : the Park 
 they traverse their ranging and unmeasured walks in, 
 is bounded and impanell'd in with no other pales than 
 the rough and billowed Ocean : They are also mighty 
 numerous in the Woods, and are little or not at all 
 affrighted at the face of a man, but (Hke the Does of 
 Whetstons Park) (see note No. 14) though their hydes 
 are not altogether so gaudy to extract an admiration 
 from the beholder, yet they will stand (all most) till 
 they be scratcht. 
 
 As for the Wolves, Bears, and Panthers (see note 
 No. 15) of this Country, they inhabit commonly in 
 great multitudes up in the remotest parts of the Con- 
 tinent; yet at some certain time they come down 
 near the Plantations, but do little hurt or injury 
 worth noting, and that which they do is of so degene- 
 rate and low a nature, (as in reference to the fierceness 
 and heroick vigour that dwell in the same kind of 
 Beasts in other Countries), that they are hardly worth 
 mentioning : For tlie highest of their designs and 
 circumventing reaches is but cowardly and base, only 
 
40 A CHARACTER OF THE 
 
 to steal a poor Pigg, or kill a lost and half starved 
 Calf. . The Effigies of a man terrifies them dreadfully, 
 for they no sooner espy him but their hearts are at 
 their mouths, and the spurs upon their heels, they 
 (having no more manners than Beasts) gallop away, 
 and never bid them farewell that are behind them. 
 
 The Elke, the Cat of the Mountain, the Rackoon, 
 the Fox, the Beaver, the Otter, the Possum, the Hare, 
 the Squirril, the Monack, the Musk-Rat (see note 
 No. 16), and several others (whom I'le omit for 
 brevity sake) inhabit here in Mary-Land in several 
 droves and troops, ranging the Woods at their 
 pleasure. 
 
 The meat of most of these Creatures is good for 
 eating, yet of no value nor esteem here, by reason of 
 the great plenty of other provisions, ' and are only 
 kill'd by the Indians of the Country for their Hydes 
 and Furrs, which become very profitable to those that 
 have the right way of traffiquing for them, as well as 
 it redounds to the Indians that take the pains to catch 
 them, and to slay and dress their several Hydes, 
 selling and disposing them for such commodities as 
 their Heathenish fancy delights in. 
 
 As for those Beasts that were carried over at the 
 first seating of the Country, to stock and increase the 
 situation, as Cows, Horses, Sheep and Hogs (see note 
 No. 17), they are generally tame, and use near home, 
 especially the Cows, Sheep and Horses. The Hogs, 
 whose increase is innumerable in the Woods, do dis- 
 
PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 41 
 
 frequent home more than the rest of Creatures that 
 are look'd upon as tame, yet with Httle trouble and 
 pains they are slain and made provision of Now 
 they that will with a right Historical Survey, view 
 the Woods of Mary-Land in this particular, as in 
 reference to Swine, must upon necessity judge this 
 Land lineally descended from the Gadarean Terri- 
 tories. (See note No. 18.) 
 
 Mary-Land (I must confess) cannot boast of her 
 plenty of Sheep here, as other Countries; not but 
 that they wall thrive and increase here, as well as in 
 any place of the World besides, but few desire them, 
 because they commonly draw down the Wolves among 
 the Plantations, as well by the sweetness of their 
 flesh, as by the humility of their nature, in not 
 making a defensive resistance against the rough deal- 
 ing of a ravenous Enemy. They who for curiosity 
 will keep Sheep, may expect that after the Wolves 
 have breathed themselves all day in the Woods to 
 sharpen their stomachs, they will come without fail 
 and sup with them at night, though many times they 
 surfeit themselves with the sawce that's dish'd out of 
 the muzzle of a Gun, and so in the midst of their 
 banquet (poor Animals) they often sleep with their 
 Ancestors. 
 
 Fowls of all sorts and varieties dwell at their several 
 times and seasons liere in Mary-Land. The Turkey, 
 the Woodcock, the Pheasant, the Partrich, the Pigeon, 
 and others, especially the Turkey, whom I have seen 
 
 6 449 
 
42 A CHARACTER OF THE 
 
 in whole hundreds in flights in the Woods of Mary- 
 Land, being an extraordinary fat Fowl, whose flesh 
 is very pleasant and sweet. These Fowls that I have 
 named are intayled from generation to generation to 
 the Woods. The Swans, the Geese and Ducks (with 
 other Water-Fowl) derogate in this point of setled 
 residence ; for they arrive in millionous multitudes in 
 Mary-Land about the middle of September, and take 
 their winged farewell about the midst of March (see 
 note No, 19) : But while they do remain, and belea- 
 gure the borders of the shoar with their winged 
 Dragoons, several of them are summoned by a Writ 
 of Fie74 facias, to answer their presumptuous contempt 
 upon a Spit. 
 
 As for Fish, which dwell in the watry tenements 
 of the deep, and by a providential greatness of power, 
 is kept for the relief of several Countries in the world 
 (which would else sink under the rigid enemy of 
 want), here in Mary-Land is a large sufficiency, and 
 plenty of almost all sorts of Fishes, which live and 
 inhabit within her several Rivers and Creeks, far 
 beyond the apprehending or crediting of those that 
 never saw the same, which with very much ease is 
 catched, to the great refreshment of the Inhabitants 
 of the Province. 
 
 All sorts of Grain, as Wheat, Rye, Barley, Gates, 
 Pease, besides several others that have their original 
 and birth from the fertile womb of this Land (and no 
 where else), they all grow, increase, and thrive here 
 
 450 
 
PROVINCE OP MARY-LAND. 43 
 
 in Mary-Land, without the chargable and laborious 
 manuring of the Land with Dung ; increasing in such 
 a measure and plenty, by the natural richness of the 
 Earth, with the common, beneficial and convenient 
 showers of rain that usually w^ait upon the several 
 Fields of Grain (by a natural instinct) , so that Famine 
 (the dreadful Ghost of penury and want) is never 
 known with his pale visage to haunt the Dominions 
 oi Mary-Land. (See note No. 20). 
 
 Could' St thou (0 Earth) live thus obscure, and now 
 Within an Age, shao forth thy pleniious brow 
 Of rich variety, gilded with fruitful Fame, 
 That ( Trumpet-like) doth Heraldize thy Name, 
 And tells the World there is a Land now found, 
 Tlmt all LJarth's Globe can't parallel its Ground ? 
 Dwell, and be prosperous, and with thy plenty feed 
 The craving Carkesses of those Souls that need. 
 
 / 
 
 451 
 
44 A CHARACTER OF THE 
 
 CHAP. II. 
 
 Of the Government and Natural Disposition of the People. 
 
 MARY-LAND, not from the remoteness of her 
 situation, but from the regularity of her well 
 ordered Government, may (without sin, I think) be 
 called Singular: And though she is not supported 
 with such large Revenues as some of her Neighbours 
 are, yet such is her wisdom in a reserved silence, and 
 not in pomp, to shew her well-conditioned Estate, in 
 relieving at a distance the proud poverty of those that 
 wont be seen they want, as well as those which by 
 undeniable necessities are drove upon the Rocks of 
 pinching wants : Yet such a loathsome creature is a 
 common and folding-handed Beggar, that upon the 
 penalty of almost a perpetual working in Imprison- 
 ment, they are not to appear, nor lurk near our 
 vigilant and laborious dwellings. The Country hath 
 received a general spleen and antipathy against the 
 very name and nature of it ; and though there were 
 no Law provided (as there is) to suppress it, I am 
 certainly confident, there is none within the Province 
 that would lower themselves so much below the dig- 
 nity of men to beg, as long as limbs and life keep 
 house together ; so much is a vigilant industrious care 
 esteem'd. 
 
PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 45 
 
 He that desires to see the real Platform of a quiet 
 and sober Government extant, Superiority with a 
 meek and yet commanding power sitting at the 
 Helme, steering the actions of State quietly, through 
 the multitude and diversity of Opinionous waves that 
 diversly meet, let him look on Mary-Land with eyes 
 admiring, and he'll then judge her, The Miracle of 
 this Age. 
 
 Here the Roman Catholick, and the Protestant Epis- 
 copal (whom the world would perswade have pro- 
 claimed open Wars irrevocably against each other), 
 contraryAvise concur in an unanimous parallel of 
 friendship), and inseparable love intayled into one 
 another : All Inquisitions, Martyrdom, and Banish- 
 ments are not so much as named, but unexpressably 
 abhorr'd by each other. 
 
 The several Opinions and Sects that lodge within 
 this Government, meet not together in mutinous con- 
 tempts to disquiet the power that bears Rule, but 
 with a reverend quietness obeys the legal commands 
 of Authority. (See note No. 21). Here's never seen 
 Five Monarchies in a Zealous Rebellion, opposing the 
 Rights and Liberties of a true setled Government, or 
 Monarchical Authority : Nor did I ever see (here in 
 Marij-Laml) any of those dancing Adamitical Sisters, 
 that plead a primitive Innocency for their base 
 obscenity, and naked deportment; but I conceive if 
 some of them were there at some certain time of the 
 year, between the Months of Jamiary and Fehriiary, 
 
 ] 
 
46 A CHARACTER OF THE 
 
 when the winds blow from the North- West quarter of 
 the world, that it would both cool, and (I believe) 
 convert the hottest of these Zealots from their burn- 
 ing and fiercest concupiscence. (See note No. 22). 
 
 The Government of this Province doth continually, 
 by all lawful means, strive to purge her Dominions 
 from such base corroding humors, that would predomi- 
 nate upon the least smile of Liberty, did not the Laws 
 check and bridle in those unwarranted and tumultuous 
 Opinions. And truly, where a kingdom. State or 
 Government, keeps or cuts down the weeds of destruc- 
 tive Opinions, there must certainly be a blessed har- 
 mony of quietness. And I really believe this Land or 
 Government of Mary-Land may boast, that she enjoys 
 as much quietness from the disturbance of Rebellious 
 Opinions, as most States or Kingdoms do in the 
 world : For here every man lives quietly, and follows 
 his labour and imployment desiredly; and by the 
 protection of the Laws, they are supported from those 
 molestious troubles that ever attend upon the Com- 
 mons of other States and Kingdoms, as well as from 
 the Aquafortial operation of great and eating Taxes. 
 Here's nothing to be levyed out of the Granaries of 
 Corn; but contrarywise, by a Law every Domestick 
 Governor of a Family is enjoyned to make or cause 
 to be made so much Corn by a just limitation, as shall 
 be sufficient for him and his Family (see note No. 23) : 
 So that by this wise and Janus-\\k.Q providence, the 
 thin-jawed Skeliton with his starv'd Carkess is never 
 
 454 
 
PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 47 
 
 seen walking the Woods of Mary-Land to affrigliten 
 Children. 
 
 Once every year within this Province is an Assem- 
 bly called, and out of every respective County (by the 
 consent of the people) there is chosen a number of 
 men, and to them is deliver'd up the Grievances of the 
 Country ; and they maturely debate the matters, and 
 according to their Consciences make Laws for the 
 general good of the people ; and where any former 
 Law that was made, seems and is prejudicial to the 
 good or quietness of the Land, it is repeal'd. These 
 men that determine on these matters for the Repub- 
 lique, are called Burgesses, and they commonly sit in 
 Junto about six weeks, being for the most part good 
 ordinary Householders of the several Counties, which 
 do more by a plain and honest Conscience, than by 
 artificial Syllogisms drest up in gilded Orations. (See 
 note No. 24). 
 
 Here Suits and Tryals in Law seldome hold dispute 
 two Terms or Courts, but according as the Equity of 
 the Cause appears is brought to a period, (See note 
 No. 25). The Temples and Grays-Inne are clear out 
 of fashion here : Harriot (see note No. 20) would 
 sooner get a paunch-devouring meal for nothing, than 
 for his invading Counsil. Here if the Lawyer had 
 nothing else to maintain him but his bawling, he 
 might button up 'his Chops, and burn his Buckrom 
 Bag, or else hang it upon a pin untill its Antiquity 
 had eaten it up with durt and dust: Then with a 
 
48 A CHARACTER OF THE 
 
 Spade, like his Grandsire Adam, turn up the face of 
 the Creation, purchasing his bread by the sweat of his 
 brows, that before was got by the motionated Water- 
 works of his jaws. So contrary to the Genius of the 
 people, if not to the quiet Government of the Province, 
 that the turbulent Spirit of continued and vexatious 
 Law, with all its querks and evasions, is openly and 
 most eagerly opposed, that might make matters either 
 dubious, tedious, or troublesom. All other matters 
 that would be ranging in contrary and improper 
 Spheres, (in short) are here by the Power moderated, 
 lower'd and subdued. All villanous Outrages tharv 
 are committed in other States, are not so much as / 
 known here : A man may walk in the open Woods^ 
 as secure from being externally dissected, as in his 
 own house or dwelling. So hateful is a Robber, that 
 if but once imagin'd to be so, he's kept at a distance, 
 and shun'd as the Pestilential noysomness. (See note 
 No. 27). 
 
 It is generally and very remarkably observed, That 
 those whose Lives and Conversations have had no 
 other gloss nor glory stampt on them in their own 
 Country, but the stigmatization of baseness, were here 
 (by the common civilities and deportments of the 
 Inhabitants of this Province) brought to detest and 
 loath their former actions. Here the Constable hath 
 no need of a train of Holberteers (see note No. 28), 
 that carry more Armour about them, than heart to 
 guard him : Nor is he ever troubled to leave his 
 
PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 49 
 
 Feathered Nest to some friendly successor, while he 
 is placing of his Lanthern-horn Guard at the end of 
 some suspicious Street, to catch some Night-walker, 
 or Batchelor of Leachery, that has taken his Degree 
 three story high in a Bawdy-house. Here's no New- 
 gates for pilfering Felons, nor Liidgates for Debtors, 
 nor any Bridewels (see note No. 29) to lash the soul 
 of Concupiscence into a chast Repentance. For as 
 there is none of these Prisons in Mary-Land, so the 
 merits of the Country deserves none, but if any be 
 foully vitious, he is so reserv'd in it, that he seldom 
 or never becomes popular. Common Alehouses (whose 
 dwellings are the only Receptacles of debauchery and 
 baseness, and those Schools that trains up Youth, as 
 well as Age, to mine), in this Province there are 
 none ; neither hath Youth his swing or range in such 
 a profuse and unbridled liberty as in other Countries ; 
 for from an antient Custom at the primitive seating 
 of the place, the Son Avorks as well as the Servant (an 
 excellent cure for untam'd Youth), so that before they 
 eat their bread, they are commonly taught how to 
 earn it ; which makes them by that time Age speaks 
 them capable of receiving that which their Parents 
 indulgency is ready to give them, and which partly 
 is by their own laborious industry purchased, they 
 manage it with such a serious, grave and watcliing 
 care, as if they had been Masters of Families, trained 
 up in that domestick and governing power from their 
 Cradles. These Christian Natives of the Land, espe- 
 
 7 457 
 
50 A CHARACTER OP THE 
 
 cially those of the Masculine Sex, are generally con- 
 veniently confident, reservedly subtile, quick in 
 apprehending, but slow in resolving ; and where they 
 spy profit sailing towards them with the wings of a 
 prosperous gale, there they become much familiar. 
 The Women differ something in this point, though 
 not much : They are extreme bashful at the first 
 view, but after a continuance of time hath brought 
 them acquainted, there they become discreetly fami- 
 liar, and are much more talkative then men. All 
 Complemental Courtships, drest up in critical Rarities, 
 are meer strangers to them, plain wit comes nearest* 
 their Genius; so that he that intends to Court a 
 Mary-Land Girle, must have something more than 
 the Tautologies of a long-winded speech to carry on 
 his design, or else he may (for ought I know) fall 
 under the contempt of her frown, and his own windy 
 Oration. (See note No. 30). 
 
 One great part of the Inhabitants of this Province 
 are desiredly Zealous, great pretenders to Holiness; 
 and where any thing appears that carries on the 
 Frontispiece of its Effigies the stamp of Religion, 
 though fundamentally never so imperfect, they are 
 suddenly taken with it, and out of an eager desire to 
 any thing that's new, not weighing the sure matter in 
 the Ballance of Reason, are very apt to be catcht. 
 (See note No. 31). Quakerism is the only Opinion 
 that bears the Bell away (see note No. 32) : The 
 Anabaptists (see note No. 33) have little to say here, 
 
PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 51 
 
 as well as in other places, since the Ghost of John of 
 Leyden haunts their Conventicles. The Adamite, 
 Ranter, and Flft-Monarchy men, Mary-Land cannot, 
 nay will not digest within her liberal stomach such 
 corroding morsels : So that this Province is an utter 
 Enemy to blasphemous and zealous Imprecations, 
 drain'd from the Lynibeck of hellish and damnable 
 Spirits, as well as profuse prophaness, that issues from 
 the prodigality of none but cract>brain Sots. 
 
 ' Tis said the Gods lower down thai Chain above, 
 That tyes both Prince and Subject up in Love; 
 And if this Fiction of the Gods be true, 
 Few, Mary-Land, in this can boast but you : 
 Live ever blest, and let those Clouds that do 
 Eclipse most States, be always Lights to you ; 
 And dwelling so, you may for ever be 
 The only Emblem of Tranquility. 
 
 459 
 
52 A CHARACTER OF THE 
 
 CHAP. III. 
 
 The necessariness of Servitude proved^ imtli tlie com^non usage of 
 /Servants in Mary-Laod, together with their Priviledges. 
 
 AS there can be no Monarchy without the Supre- 
 macy of a King and Crown, nor no King with- 
 out Subjects, nor any Parents without it be by the 
 fruitful off-spring of Children ; neither can there be 
 any Masters, unless it be by the inferior Servitude of 
 those that dwell under them, by a commanding en- 
 joynment : And since it is ordained from the original 
 and superabounding wisdom of all things, That there 
 should be Degrees and Diversities amongst the Sons 
 of men, in acknowledging of a Superiority from Infe- 
 riors to Superiors ; the Servant with a reverent and 
 befitting Obedience is as liable to this duty in a 
 measurable performance to him whom he serves, as 
 the loyalest of Subjects to his Prince. Then since it 
 is a common and ordained Fate, that there must be 
 Servants as well as Masters, and that good Servitudes 
 are those Colledges of Sobriety that checks in the 
 giddy and wild-headed youth from his profuse and 
 uneven course of life, by a limited constrainment, as 
 well as it otherwise agrees with the moderate and dis- 
 creet Servant : Why should there be such an exclusive 
 
 4()0 
 
PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 53 
 
 Obstacle in the minds and unreasonable dispositions 
 of many people, against the limited time of convenient 
 and necessary Servitude, when it is a thing so requi- 
 site, that the best of Kingdoms would be unhing'd 
 from their quiet and well setled Government without 
 it. Which levelling doctrine we here of England in 
 this latter age (whose womb was truss'd out with 
 nothing but confused Rebellion) have too much expe- 
 rienced, and was daily rung into the ears of the 
 tumultuous Vulgar by the Bell-weather Sectaries of 
 the Times : But (blessed be God) those Clouds are 
 blown over, and the Government of the Kingdom 
 couch t under a more stable form. 
 
 There is no truer Emblem of Confusion either in 
 Monarchy or Domestick Governments, then when 
 either the Subject, or the Servant, strives for the 
 upper hand of his Prince, or Master, and to be equal 
 with him, from whom he receives his present subsist- 
 ance : Why then, if Servitude be so necessary that no 
 place can be governed in order, nor people live without 
 it, this may serve to tell those which prick up their 
 ears and bray against it. That they are none but 
 Asses, and deserve the Bridle of a strict commanding 
 power to reine them in : For I'me certainly confident, 
 that there are several Thousands in most Kingdoms 
 of Christendom, that could not at all live and subsist, 
 unless they had served some prefixed time, to learn 
 either some Trade, Art, or Science, and by either of 
 them to extract their present livelihood. 
 
54 A CHARACTER OF THE 
 
 Then methinks this may stop the mouths of those 
 that will luidiscreetly compassionate them that dwell 
 under necessary Servitudes; for let but Parents of 
 an indifferent capacity in Estates, when their Child- 
 rens age by computation speak them seventeen or 
 eighteen years old, turn them loose to the wide world, 
 without a seven years working Apprenticeship (being 
 just brought up to the bare formality of a little read- 
 ing and writing) and you shall immediately see how 
 weak and shiftless they'le be towards the maintaining 
 and supporting of themselves; and (without either 
 stealing or begging) their bodies like a Sentinel must 
 continually wait to see when their Souls will be 
 frighted away by the pale Ghost of a starving want. 
 
 Then let such, where Providence hath ordained to 
 live as Servants, either in England or beyond Sea, 
 endure the prefixed yoak of their limited time with 
 patience, and then in a small computation of years, 
 by an industrious endeavour, they may become Mas- 
 ters and Mistresses of Families themselves. And let 
 this be spoke to the deserved praise of Mary-Land, 
 That the four years I served there were not to me so 
 slavish, as a two years Servitude of a Handicraft 
 Apprenticeship was here in London ; Volenti enim nil 
 difficile: Not that I write this to seduce or delude 
 any, or to draw them from their native soyle, but out 
 of a love to my Countrymen, whom in the general I 
 wish well to, and that the lowest of them may live in 
 such a capacity of Estate, as that the bare interest of 
 
 462 
 
PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 55 
 
 their Livelihoods might not altogether depend upon 
 persons of the greatest extendments. 
 
 Now those whose abilities here in England are 
 capable of maintaining themselves in any reasonable 
 and handsom manner, they had best so to rmnain, 
 lest the roughness of the Ocean, together with the 
 staring visages of the wilde Animals, which they 
 may see after their arrival into the Country, may 
 alter the natural dispositions of their bodies, that 
 the stay'd and solid part that kept its motion by 
 Doctor Trigs purgation ary operation, may run beyond 
 the byas of the wheel in a violent and laxative con- 
 fusion. 
 
 Now contrarywise, they who are low, and make 
 bare shifts to buoy themselves up above the shabby 
 center of beggarly and incident casualties, I heartily 
 could wish the removal of some of them into Mary- 
 Land, which would make much better for them that 
 stay'd behind, as well as it would advantage those 
 that went. 
 
 They whose abilities cannot extend to purchase 
 their own transportation into Mary-Land (and surely 
 he that cannot command so small a sum for so great 
 a matter, his life must needs be mighty low and 
 dejected), I say they may for the debarment of a four 
 years sordid liberty, go over into this Province and 
 there live plentiously well. And what's a four years 
 Servitude to advantage a man all the remainder of 
 his daj'es, making his predecessors happy in his sulh- 
 
 403 
 
56 A CHARACTER OP THE 
 
 cient abilities, which he attained to partly by the 
 restrainment of so small a time ? 
 
 Now those that commit themselves into the care of 
 the Merchant to carry them over, they need not 
 trouble themselves with any inquisitive search touch- 
 ing their Voyage ; for there is such an honest care 
 and provision made for them all the time they remain 
 aboard the Ship, and are sailing over, that they want 
 for nothing that is necessary and convenient. 
 
 The Merchant commonly before they go aboard the 
 Ship, or set themselves in any forwardness for their 
 Voyage, has Conditions of Agreements drawn between 
 him and those that by a voluntary consent become 
 his Servants, to serve him, his Heirs or Assigns, 
 according as they in their primitive acquaintance 
 have made their bargain (see note No. 34), some two, 
 some three, some four years ; and whatever the Mas- 
 ter or Servant tyes himself up to here in England by 
 Condition, the Laws of the Province will force a per- 
 formance of when they come there : Yet here is this 
 Priviledge in it when they arrive. If they dwell not 
 with the Merchant they made their first agreement 
 withall, they may choose whom they will serve their 
 prefixed time with; and after their curiosity has 
 pitch t on one whom they think fit for their turn, and 
 that they may live well withall, the Merchant makes 
 an Assignment of the Indenture over to him whom 
 they of their free will have chosen to be their Master, 
 in the same nature as we here in Englmid (and no 
 
PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 57 
 
 otherwise) turn over Covenant Servants or Appren- 
 tices from one Master. to another. Then let those 
 whose chaps are always breathing forth those filthy 
 dregs of abusive exclamations, which are Lymbeckt 
 from their sottish and preposterous brains, against 
 this Country of Mary-Land, saying. That those which ^ 
 are transported over thither, are sold in open Market 
 for Slaves, and draw in Carts like Horses ; which is 
 so damnable an untruth, that if they should search to 
 the very Center of Hell, and enquire for a Lye of the 
 most antient and damned stamp, I confidently believe \ 
 they could not find one to parallel this : For know. 
 That the Servants here in Mary-Land of all Colonies, / 
 distant or remote Plantations, have the least cause to/ 
 complain, either for strictness of Servitude, want of 
 Provisions, or need of Apparel : Five dayes and a half 
 in the Summer weeks is the alotted time that they 
 work in ; and for two months, w^hen the Sun predomi- 
 nates in the highest pitch of his heat, they claim an 
 antient and customary Priviledge, to repose themselves 
 three hours in the day within the house, and this is 
 undeniably granted to them that work in the Fields. 
 
 In the Winter time, which lasteth three months 
 (viz.), December, January, and Fehruary, they do little 
 or no work or imploynient, save cutting of wood to 
 make good fires to sit by, unless their Ingenuity will 
 prompt them to hunt the Deer, or Bear, or recreate 
 themselves in Fowling, to slaughter tlie Swans, Geese, 
 and Turkeys (which this Country aflbrds in a most 
 
58 A CUARACTER OF THE 
 
 plentiful manner) : For every Servant has a Gun, 
 Powder and Shot allowed him, to sport him withall 
 on all Holidayes and leasurable times, if he be capable 
 of using it, or be willing to learn. 
 
 Now those Servants which come over into this 
 Province, being Artificers, they never (during their 
 Servitude) work in the Fields, or do any other imploy- 
 ment save that which their Handicraft and Mechanick 
 endeavours are capable of putting them upon, and are 
 esteem'd as well by their Masters, as those that imploy 
 them, above measure. He that's a Tradesman here 
 in Mary-Land (though a Servant), lives as well as 
 most common Handicrafts do in London, though they 
 may want something of that Liberty which Freemen 
 have, to go and come at their pleasure ; yet if it were 
 rightly understood and considered, what most of the 
 Liberties of the several poor Tradesmen are taken up 
 about, and what a care and trouble attends that thing 
 they call Liberty, which according to the common 
 translation is but Idleness, and (if weighed in the 
 Ballance of a just Reason) will be found to be much 
 heavier and cloggy then the four years restrainment 
 of a Mary-Land Servitude. He that lives in the 
 nature of a Servant in this Province, must serve but 
 four years by the Custom of the Country ; and when 
 the expiration of his time speaks him a Freeman, 
 there's a Law in the Province, that enjoyns his Master 
 whom he hath served to give him Fifty Acres of Land, 
 Corn to serve him a whole year, three Suits of Apparel, 
 
 466 
 
raoviNCE OF maiiy-land. 59 
 
 with things necessary to them, and Tools to work 
 withall; so that they are no sooner free, but they are 
 ready to set up for themselves, and when once entred, 
 they live passingly well. (See note No. 35). 
 
 The Women that go over into this Province as Ser- 
 vants, have the best luck here as in any place of the 
 world besides ; for they are no sooner on shoar, but 
 they are courted into a Copulative Matrimony, which 
 some of them (for aught I know) had they not come to 
 such a Market with their Virginity, might have kept 
 it by them untill it had been mouldy, unless they had 
 let it out by a yearly rent to some of the Inhabitants 
 of Lewhiors-Lime (see note No. 36), or made a Deed 
 of Gift of it to Mother Coney, having only a poor 
 stipend out of it, untill the Gallows or Hospital called 
 them away. Men have not altogether so good luck 
 as Women in this kind, or natural preferment, with- 
 out they be good Rhetoricians, and well vers'd in the 
 Art of perswasion, then (probably) they may ryvet 
 themselves in the time of their Servitude into the 
 private and reserved favour of their Mistress, if Age 
 speak their Master deficient. 
 
 In short, touching the Servants of this Province, 
 they live well in the time of their Service, and by 
 their restrainment in that time, they are made capa- 
 ble of living much better when they come to ha free ; 
 which in several other parts of the world I have 
 observed, That after some servants have brought their 
 indented and limited timi; to a just and legal [)eriod 
 
 ¥i1 
 
60 A CHARACTER OF THE 
 
 by Servitude, they have been much more incapable of 
 supporting themselves from sinking into the Gulf of a 
 slavish, poor, fettered, and intangled life, then all the 
 fastness of their prefixed time did involve them in 
 before. 
 
 Now the main and principal Reason of those inci- 
 dent casualties, that wait continually upon the resi- 
 dences of most poor Artificers, is (I gather) from the 
 multiciplicity or innumerableness of those several 
 Companies of Tradesmen, that dwell so closely and 
 stiflingly together in one and the same place, that 
 like the chafing Gum in Watered-Tabby, they eat into 
 the folds of one anothers Estates. And this might 
 easily be remedied, would but some of them remove 
 and disperse distantly where want and necessity calls 
 for them ; their dwellings (I am confident) would be 
 much larger, and their conditions much better, as well 
 in reference to their Estates, as to the satisfactoriness 
 of their minds, having a continual imployment, and 
 from that imployment a continual benefit, without 
 either begging, seducing, or flattering for it, encroach- 
 ing that one month from one of the same profession, 
 that they are heaved out themselves the next. For 
 I have observed on the other side oi Mary-Land, that 
 the whole course of most Mechanical endeavours, is 
 to catch, snatch, and undervalue one another, to get 
 a little work, or a Customer ; which when they have 
 attained by their lowbuilt and sneaking circumvent- 
 ings, it stands upon so flashy, mutable, and transitory 
 
 468 
 
PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 61 
 
 a foundation, that the best of his hopes is commonly 
 extinguisht before the poor undervalued Tradesman 
 is warm in the enjoyment of his Customer. 
 
 Then did not a cloud of low and base Cowardize 
 eclipse the Spirits of these men, these things might 
 easily be diverted ; but they had as live take a Bear 
 by the tooth, as think of leaving their own Country, 
 though they live among their own National people, 
 and are governed by the same Laws they have here, 
 yet all this wont do with them ; and all the Reason 
 they can render to the contrary is, There's a great 
 Sea betwixt them and Mary-Land, and in that Sea 
 there are Fishes, and not only Fishes but great Fishes, 
 and then should a Ship meet with such an inconsi- 
 derable encounter as a Whale, one blow with his 
 tayle, and then Lord have Mercy upon us: Yet meet 
 with these men in their common Exchange, which is 
 one story high in the bottom of a Celler, disputing 
 over a Black-pot, it would be monstrously dreadful 
 here to insert the particulars, one swearing that he 
 was the first that scaled the Walls of Dundee, when 
 the Bullets tlew about their ears as thick as Hail- 
 stones usually fall from the Sky; which if it were but 
 rightly examined, the most dangerous Engagement 
 that ever he was in, was but at one of the tiashy 
 battels at Finshury (see note No. 37), where com- 
 monly there's more Custard greedily devoured, tlian 
 men prejudiced by the rigour of the War. Others of 
 this Company relating their several dreadful exploits, 
 
 469 
 
62 A CHARACTER OF THE 
 
 and when they are just entring into the particulars, 
 let but one step in and interrupt their discourse, by 
 telling them of a Sea Voyage, and the violency of 
 storms that attends it, and that there are no back- 
 doors to run out at, which they call, a handsom 
 Retreat and Charge again; the apprehensive danger 
 of this is so powerful and penetrating on them, that a 
 damp sweat immediately involves their Microcosm, 
 so that Margery the old Matron of the Celler, is fain 
 to run for a half-peny-worth of Angelica to rub their 
 nostrils; and though the Port-hole of their bodies 
 has been stopt from a convenient Evacuation some 
 several months, theyl'e need no other Suppository to 
 open the Orifice of their Esculent faculties then this 
 Relation, as their Drawers or Breeches can more at 
 large demonstrate to the inquisitive search of the 
 curious. 
 
 Now I know that some will be apt to judge, that I 
 have written this last part out of derision to some of 
 my poor Mechanick Country-men : Truly I must 
 needs tell those to their face that think so of me, that 
 they prejudice me extremely, by censuring me as 
 guilty of any such crime : What I have Avritten is 
 only to display the sordidness of their dispositions, 
 who rather than they will remove to another Country 
 to live plentiously well, and give their Neighbors 
 more Elbow-room and space to breath in, they will 
 croud and throng upon one another, with the pressure 
 of a beggarly and unnecessary weight. 
 
 410 
 
PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 63 
 
 That which I have to say more in this business, is 
 a hearty and desirous wish, that the several poor 
 Tradesmen here in London that I knoAv, and have 
 borne an occular testimony of their want, might Hve 
 so free from care as I did when I dwelt in the bonds 
 of a four years Servitude in Mary-Land. 
 
 Be just (Domes tick Monarchs) unto them 
 
 That dwell as Household Subjects to each Realm ; 
 
 Let not your Power make you be too severe, 
 
 Where there's small faidts reign in your sharp Career : 
 
 So that the Worlds base yelping Creiv 
 
 May'nt bark ichat I have wrote is writ untrue, 
 
 So use your Servants, if there come no more. 
 
 They may serve Eight, instead of serving Four. 
 
 471 
 
64 A CHARACTER OF THE 
 
 CHAP. IV. 
 
 Upon Ti'afique^ and what Merchandizing Commodities this Province 
 awards, also how Tobacco is planted and made Jit /or Commerce. 
 
 TRafique, Commerce, and Trade, are those great 
 wheeles that by their circular and continued 
 motion, turn into most Kingdoms of the Earth the 
 plenty of abundant Riches that they are commonly 
 fed withall : For Trafique in his right description, is 
 the very soul of a Kingdom; and should but Fate 
 ordain a removal of it for some years, from the richest 
 and most populous Monarchy that dwells in the most 
 fertile clyme of the whole Universe, he would soon 
 find by a woful experiment, the miss and loss of so 
 reviving a supporter. And I am certainly confident, 
 that England would as soon feel her feebleness by 
 withdrawment of so great an upholder; as well in 
 reference to the internal and healthful preservative of 
 her Inhabitants, for want of those Medicinal Drugs 
 that are landed upon her Coast every year, as the 
 external profits. Glory and beneficial Graces that 
 accrue by her. 
 
 Paracelsus might knock down his Forge, if Trafique 
 and Commerce should once cease, and grynde the hilt 
 of his Sword into Powder, and take some of the Infu- 
 sion to make him so valorous, that he might cut his 
 
 472 
 
PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 65 
 
 own Throat in the honor of Mercury r Galen might 
 then Jjurn his Herbal, and like Joseph of Arimathea, 
 build him a Tomb in his Garden, and so rest from his 
 labours : Our Physical Collegians of London would 
 have no cause then to thunder Fire-balls at Nich. Cul- 
 peppers Dispensatory (see note No. 38). All Herbs, 
 Roots, and Medicines would bear their original chris- 
 tening, that the ignorant might understand them : 
 Album grecum would not be Album grecum (see note 
 No. 39) then, but a Dogs turd would be a Dogs turd 
 in plain terms, in spiglit of their teeth. 
 
 If Trade should once cease, the Custom-house would 
 soon miss her hundreds and thousands Hogs-heads of 
 Tobacco (see note No. 40), that use to be throng in 
 her every year, as well as the Grocers would in their 
 Ware-houses and Boxes, the Gentry and Commonalty 
 in their Pipes, the Physician in his Drugs and Medi- 
 cinal Compositions; The (leering) Waiters for want 
 of imployment, might (like so many Diogenes) intomb 
 themselves in their empty Casks, and rouling them- 
 selves off the Key into the TJmmes, there wander up 
 and down from tide to tide in contemjDlation of Aris- 
 totles unresolved curiosity, until the rottenness of their 
 circular habitation give them a Quietus est, and fairly 
 surrender them up into the custody of those who both 
 for profession, disposition and nature, lay as near 
 claim to them, as if they both tumbled in one belly, 
 and for name they jump alike, being according to the 
 original translation both Sharkes. 
 
 ^ 478 
 
66 A CHARACTER OF THE 
 
 Silks and Cambricks, and Lawns to make, sleeves, 
 would be as soon miss'd at Court, as Gold and Silver 
 would be in the Mint and Pockets : The Low-Country 
 Soldier would be at a cold stand for Outlandish Furrs 
 to make him Muflfs, to keep his ten similitudes warm 
 in the Winter, as well as the Furrier for want of 
 Skins to uphold his Trade. 
 
 Should Commerce once cease, there is no Country 
 in the habitable world but would undoubtedly miss 
 that nourishing, splendid and rich gallantry of Equi- 
 page, that Trafique maintained and drest her up in, 
 before she received that fatal Eclipse : E7igland, 
 France, Germany and Spain, together with all the 
 Kingdoms 
 
 But stop (good Muse) lest I should, like the Parson 
 of Pancras (see note No. 41), run so far from my Text 
 in half an hour, that a two hours trot back again 
 would hardly fetch it up : I had best while I am 
 alive in my Doctrine, to think again of Mary-Land, 
 lest the business of other Countries take up so much 
 room in my brain, that I forget and bury her in 
 oblivion. 
 
 The three main Commodities this Country affords 
 for Trafique, are Tobacco, Furrs, and Flesh, Furrs 
 and Skins, as Beavers, Otters, Musk-Rats, Ra^koons, 
 Wild-Cats, and Elke or Buffeloe (see note No. 42), 
 with divers others, which were first made vendible by 
 the Indians of the Country, and sold to the Inha- 
 bitant, and by them to the Merchant, and so trans- 
 
 474 
 
PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 67 
 
 ported into England and other places where it becomes 
 most commodious. 
 
 Tobacco is the only solid Staple Commodity of this 
 Province : The use of it was first found out by the 
 Indians many Ages agoe, and transferr'd into Chris- 
 tendom by that great Discoverer of Amei'ica Columbus. 
 It's generally made by all the Inhabitants of this 
 Province, and between the months of March and April 
 they sow the seed (which is much smaller then Mus- 
 tard-seed) in small beds and patches digg'd up and 
 made so by art, and about Mai/ the Plants commonly 
 appear green in those beds : In June they are trans- 
 planted from their beds, and set in little hillocks in 
 distant" rowes, dug up for the same purpose ; some 
 twice or thrice they are Weeded, and succoured from 
 their illegitimate Leaves that would be peeping out 
 from the body of the Stalk, They top the several 
 Plants as they find occasion in their predominating 
 rankness : About the middle of Septemhej- they cut 
 the Tobacco down, and carry it into houses, (made 
 for that purpose) to bring it to its purity : And after 
 it has attained, by a convenient attendance upon 
 time, to its perfection, it is then tyed up in bundles, 
 and packt into Hogs-heads, and then laid by for the 
 Trade. 
 
 Between Navemher and January there arrives in 
 this Province Shipping to the number of twenty sail 
 and upwards (see note No. 43), all Merchant-men 
 loaden with Commodities to Trafique and dispose of, 
 
 475 
 
68 A CHARACTER OF THE 
 
 trucking with the Planter for Silks, Hollands, Serges, 
 and Broad-clothes, with other necessary Goods, priz'd 
 at such and such rates as shall be judg'd on is fair 
 and legal, for Tobacco at so much the pound, and 
 advantage on both sides considered; the Planter for 
 his work, and the Merchant for adventuring himself 
 and his Commodity into so far a Country : Thus is the 
 Trade on both sides drove on with a fair and honest 
 Decorum. 
 
 The Inhabitants of this Province are seldom or 
 never put to the affrightment of being rol^b'd of their 
 money, nor to dirty their Fingers by telling of vast 
 sums : They have more bags to carry Corn, then 
 Coyn ; and though they want, but why should I call 
 that a want which is only a necessary miss ? the very 
 effects of the dirt of this Province affords as great a 
 profit to the general Inhabitant, as the Gold of Pei-u 
 doth to the straight-breecht Commonalty of the 
 Spaniard. 
 
 Our Shops and Exchanges of Mary-Land, are the 
 Merchants Store-houses, where with few words and 
 protestations Goods are bought and delivered; not 
 like those Shop-keepers Boys in London, that contin- 
 ually cry, What do ye lack Sir? What d'ye huy? 
 yelping with so wide a mouth, as if some Apothecary 
 had hired their mouths to stand open to catch Gnats 
 and Vagabond I^lyes in. 
 
 Tobacco is the currant Coyn of Mary-Land, and 
 will sooner purchase Commodities from the Merchant, 
 
 «6 
 
PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 69 
 
 then money. I must confess the New-England men 
 that trade into this Province, had rather have fat 
 Pork for their Goods, than Tobacco or Furrs (see note 
 No. 44), which I conceive is, because their bodies 
 being fast bound up with the cords of restringent 
 Zeal, they are fain to make use of the Hneaments 
 of this NoTi-Canaanite creature physically to loosen 
 them ; for a bit of a pound upon a two-peny Rye loaf, 
 according to the original Receipt, will bring the cos- 
 tiv'st red-ear'd Zealot in some three hours time to a 
 fine stool, if methodically observed. 
 
 iT/ecZe?-a-Wines, Sugars, Salt, Wickar-Chairs, and 
 Tin Candlesticks, is the most of the Commodities they 
 bring in : They arrive in Mary-Land about Septemher, 
 being most of them Ketches and Barkes, and such 
 small Vessels, and those dispersing themselves into 
 several small Creeks of this Province, to sell and dis- 
 pose of their Commodities, where they know the 
 Market is most fit for their small Adventures. 
 
 Barhadoes (see note No. 45), together with the 
 several adjacent Islands, has much Provision yearly 
 from this Province : And though these Sun-burnt 
 Phaetons think to outvye Mary-Land in their Silks 
 and Puffs, daily speaking against her whom their 
 necessities makes them l^eholding to, and like so 
 many Don Diegos that becackt Paids, cock their Felts 
 and look big upon't ; yet if a man could go down into 
 their infernals, and see how it fares with them tliere, 
 I Ijclieve he would hardly find any other Spirit to 
 
70 A CHARACTER OF THE 
 
 buoy them up, then the ill-visaged Ghost of want, 
 that continually wanders from gut to gut to feed upon 
 the undigested rynes of Potatoes. 
 
 Trafique is Earth^s great Atlas, that supports 
 The fay of Armies, and the height of Courts, 
 And makes Mechanicks live, that else ivould die 
 Meer starving Martyrs to their penury : 
 None hut the Merchant of this thing can boast. 
 He, like the Bee, comes loadenfrom each Coast, 
 And to all Kingdoms, as within a Hive, 
 Stoivs up those Riches thai doth make them thrive : 
 Be thrifty, Mary-Land, keep what thou hast in store. 
 And each years Trafique to thy self get more. 
 
 478 
 
PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 71 
 
 A Relation of the Customs, Manners, Absurdities, and 
 
 Religion of the Susquehanock (see note No. 46) 
 Indians in and near Mary-Land. 
 
 AS the diversities of Languages (since Babels con- 
 fusion) has made the distinction between people 
 and people, in this Christendompart of the world ; so 
 are they distinguished Nation from Nation, by the 
 diversities and confusion of their Speech and Lan- 
 guages (see note No. 47) here in Ameiica: And as 
 every Nation differs in their Laws, Manners and Cus- 
 toms, in Eurojpe, Asia and Africa, so do they the very 
 same here; That it would be a most intricate and 
 laborious trouble, to run (with a description) through 
 the several Nations of Indians here in America, consi- 
 dering the innumerableness and diversities of them 
 that dwell on this vast and unmeasured Continent : 
 But rather then lie be altogether silent, I shall do 
 like the Painter in the Comedy, who being to limne 
 out the Pourtraiture of the Furies, as they severally 
 appeared, set himself behind a Pillar, and between 
 fright and amazement, drew them by guess. Those 
 Indiaiis that I ha\'e conversed withall here in this 
 Province of Mary-Land, and have had any occular 
 experimental view of either of their Customs, Man- 
 ners, Religions, and Absurdities, are called by the 
 
 479 
 
72 A CHARACTER OP THE 
 
 name of Susquelianocks, being a people lookt upon by 
 the Christian Inhabitants, as the most Noble and 
 Heroick Nation of Indians that dwell upon the con- 
 fines of America ; also are so allowed and lookt upon 
 by the rest of the Indians, by a submissive and tribu- 
 tary acknowledgement; being a people cast into the 
 mould of a most large and Warlike deportment, the 
 men being for the most part seven foot high in lati- 
 tude, and in magnitude and bulk suitable to so high 
 a pitch ; their voyce large and hollow, as ascending 
 out of a Cave, their gate and behavior strait, stately 
 and majestick, treading on the Earth with as much 
 pride, contempt, and disdain to so sordid a Center, 
 as can be imagined from a creature derived from the 
 same mould and Earth. 
 
 Their bodies are cloth'd with no other Armour to 
 defend them from the nipping frosts of a benumbing 
 Winter, or the penetrating and scorching influence of 
 the Sun in a hot Summer, then what Nature gave 
 them when they parted with the dark receptacle of 
 their mothers womb. They go Men, Women and 
 Children, all naked, only where shame leads them by 
 a natural instinct to be reservedly modest, there they 
 become cover'd. The formality of Jezahels artificial 
 Glory is much courted and followed by these Indians, 
 only in matter of colours (I conceive) they differ. 
 
 The Indians paint upon their faces one stroke of 
 red, another of green, another of white, and another 
 of black, so that when they have accomplished the 
 
 480 
 
PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 73 
 
 Equipage of their Countenance in this trim, they are 
 the only Hierogiyphicks and Representatives of the 
 Furies. Their skins are naturally white, but altered 
 from their originals by the several dyings of Roots 
 and Barks, that they prepare and make useful to 
 metamorphize their hydes into a dark Cinamon brown. 
 The hair of their head is black, long and harsh, but 
 where Nature hath appointed the situation of it any 
 where else, they divert it (by an antient custom) from 
 its growth, by pulling it up hair by hair by the root 
 in its primitive appearance. Several of them wear 
 divers impressions on their breasts and armes, as the 
 picture of the De\dl, Bears, Tigers, and Panthers, 
 which are imjorinted on their several lineaments with 
 much dilficulty and pain, with an irrevocable determi- 
 nation of its abiding there : And this they count a 
 badge of Heroick Valour, and the only Ornament due 
 to their Heroes. (See note No. 48). 
 
 These Susqv^hanock Indians are for the most part 
 great Warriours, and seldom sleep one Summer in the 
 quiet armes of a peaceable Rest, but keep (by their 
 present Power, as well as by their former Conquest) 
 the several Nations of Indians round about them, in a 
 forceable obedience and subjection. 
 
 Their Government is wrapt up in so various and 
 intricate a Laborynth, that the speculativ'st Artist in 
 the whole World, with his artificial and natural 
 Opticks, cannot see into the rule or sway of these 
 Indians, to distinguish what name of Government to 
 
 10 481 
 
74 A CHARACTER OF THE 
 
 call them by ; though Purclias (see note No. 49) in 
 his Peregrination between Lmidon and Essex, (which 
 he calls the whole World) will undertake (forsooth) 
 to make a Monarchy of them, but if he had said 
 Anarchy, his word would have pass'd with a better 
 belief. All that ever I could observe in them as to 
 this matter is, that he that is most cruelly Valorous, 
 is accounted the most Noble : Here is very seldom 
 any creeping from a Country Farm, into a Courtly 
 Gallantry, by a sum of money ; nor feeing the Heralds 
 to put Daggers and Pistols into their Armes, to make 
 the ignorant believe that they are lineally descended 
 from the house of the Wars and Conquests 5 he that 
 fights best carries it here. 
 
 When they determine to go upon some Design" that 
 will and doth require a Consideration, some six of 
 them get into a corner, and sit in Juncto; and if 
 thought fit, their business is made popular, and imme- 
 diately put into action ; if not, they make a full stop 
 to it, and are silently reserv'd. 
 
 The Warlike Equipage they put themselves in 
 when they prepare for Belonds March, is with their 
 faces, armes, and breasts confusedly painted, their 
 hair greased with Bears oyl, and stuck thick with 
 Swans Feathers, with a wreath or Diadem of black 
 and white Beads upon their heads, a small Hatchet, 
 instead of a Cymetre, stuck in their girts behind them, 
 and either with Guns, or Bow^s and Arrows. In this 
 posture and dress they march out from their Fort, or 
 
TROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 75 
 
 dwelling, to the number of Forty in a Troop, singing 
 (or rather howling out) the Decades or Warlike 
 exploits of their Ancestors, ranging the wide Woods 
 untill their fury has met with an Enemy worthy of 
 their Eevenge. What Prisoners fall into their hands 
 by the destiny of War, they treat them very civilly 
 while they remain with them abroad, but when they 
 once return homewards, they then begin to dress them 
 in the habit for death, putting on their heads and 
 armes wreaths of Beads, greazing their hair with fat, 
 some going before, and the rest behind, at equal dis- 
 tance from their Prisoners, bellowing in a strange and 
 confused manner, which is a true presage and fore- 
 runner of destruction to their then conquered Enemy. 
 (See note No. 50). 
 
 In this manner of march they continue till they 
 have brought them to their Berken City (see note 
 No. 51), where they deliver them up to those that in 
 cruelty will execute them, without either the legal 
 Judgement of a Council of War, or the benefit of their 
 Clergy at the Common Law. The common and usual 
 deaths they put their Prisoners to, is to bind them to 
 stakes, making a fire some distance from them ; then 
 one or other of them, whose Genius delights in the art 
 of Paganish dissection, with a sharp knife or flint cuts 
 the Cutis or outermost skin of the brow so deep, untill 
 their nails, or rather Talons, can fasten tliemselves 
 firm and secure in, then (with a most rigid jerk) dis- 
 robeth the head of skin and hair at one pull, leaving 
 
76 A CHARACTER OF THE 
 
 the skull almost as bare as those Monumental Skeli- 
 tous at Chyrurgions-Hall ; but for fear they should 
 get cold by leaving so warm and customary a Cap off, 
 they immediately apply to the skull a Cataplasm of 
 hot Embers to keep their Pericanium warm. While 
 they are thus acting this cruelty on their heads, 
 several others are preparing pieces of Iron, and barrels 
 of old Guns, which they make red hot, to sear each 
 part and lineament of their bodies, which they per- 
 form and act in a most cruel and barbarous manner : 
 And while they are thus in the midst of their tor- 
 ments and execrable usage, some tearing their skin 
 and hair of their head off by violence, others searing 
 their bodies with hot irons, some are cutting their 
 flesh off, and eating it before their eyes raw while 
 they are alive ; yet all this and much more never 
 makes them lower the Top-gallant sail of their 
 Heroick courage, to beg with a submissive Repentance 
 any indulgent favour from their persecuting Enemies ; 
 but with an undaunted contempt to their cruelty, eye 
 it with so slight and mean a respect, as if it were 
 below them to value what they did, they courageously 
 (while breath doth libertize them) sing the summary 
 of their Warlike Atchievements. 
 
 Now after this cruelty has brought their tormented 
 lives to a period, they" immediately fall to butchering 
 of them into parts, distributing the several pieces 
 amongst the Sons of War, to intomb the ruines of 
 their deceased Conquest in no other Sepulchre then 
 
PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 77 
 
 their unsanctified maws; which they with more appe- 
 tite and desire do eat and digest, then if the best of 
 foods should court their stomachs to participate of the 
 most restorative Banquet. Yet though they now and 
 then feed upon the Carkesses of their Enemies, this is 
 not a common dyet, but only a particular dish for the 
 better sort (see note No. 52) ; for there is not a Beast 
 that runs in the Woods of America, but if they can by 
 any means come at him, without any scruple of Con- 
 science they'le fall too (without saying Grace) with a 
 devouring greediness. 
 
 As for their Rehgion, together with their Rites and 
 Ceremonies, they are so absurd and ridiculous, that 
 its almost a sin to name them. They own no other 
 Deity than the Devil, (solid or profound) but with a 
 kind of a wilde imaginary conjecture, they suppose 
 from their groundless conceits, that the World had a 
 Maker, but where he is that made it, or whether he 
 be Uving to this day, they know not. The Devil, as 
 I said before, is all the God they own or worship ; 
 and that more out of a slavish fear then any real 
 Reverence to his Infernal or Diabolical greatness, he 
 forcing them to their Obedience by his rough and 
 rigid dealing with them, often appearing visibly 
 among them to their terrour, bastinadoing them 
 (with cruel menaces) even unto death, and Ijurning 
 their Fields of Corn and houses, that the relation 
 thereof makes them tremble themselves when they 
 tell it. 
 
 486 
 
78 A CHARACTER OF THE 
 
 Once in four years they Sacrifice a Childe to him 
 (see note No. 53), in an acknowledgement of their 
 firm obedience to all his Devillish powers, and Hellish 
 commands. The Priests to whom they apply them- 
 selves in matters of importance and greatest distress, 
 are like those that attended upon the Oracle at 
 Delplios, who by their Magic-spells could command a 
 p7'o or con from the Devil when they pleas'd. These 
 Indians oft-times raise great Tempests when they 
 have any weighty matter or design in hand, and by 
 blustering storms inquire of their Infernal God (the 
 Devil) Hem matters shall go with tlvem either in puhlick 
 or private. (See note No. 54). 
 
 When any among them depart this life, they give 
 him no other intombment, then to set him upright 
 upon his breech in a hole dug in the Earth some five 
 foot long, and three foot deep, covered over with the 
 Bark of Trees Arch-wise, with his face Du-West, only 
 leaving a hole half a foot square open. They dress 
 him in the same Equipage and Gallantry that he used 
 to be trim'd in when he was alive, and so bury him 
 (if a Soldier) with his Bows, Arrows, and Target, 
 together with all the rest of his implements and 
 weapons of War, with a Kettle of Broth, and Corn 
 standing before him, lest he should meet with bad 
 quarters in his way. (See note No. 55) . His Kinred 
 and Relations follow him to the Grave, sheath'd in 
 Bear skins for close mourning, with the tayl droyling 
 on the ground, in imitation of our English Solemners, 
 
 486 
 
PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. " 79 
 
 that think there's nothing like a tayl a Degree in 
 length, to follow the dead Corpse to the Grave with. 
 Here if that snuffling Prolocutor, that waits upon the 
 dead Monuments of the Tombs at Westminster, with 
 his white Rod were there, he might walk from Tomb 
 to Tomb with his, Here lies the Duke of Ferrara and 
 hw Dutchess, and never find any decaying vacation, 
 unless it were in the moldering Consumption of his 
 own Lungs. They bury all within the wall or 
 Pallisado'd impalement of their City, or Gonnadago 
 (see note No. 56) as the}' call it. Their houses are 
 low and long, built with the Bark of Trees Arch-wise, 
 standing thick and confusedly together. They are 
 situated a hundred and odd miles distant from the 
 Christian Plantations of Mary-Land, at the head of a 
 River that runs into the Bay of ChcesapiTce, called by 
 their own name The Susqueha.noch River, where they 
 remain and inhabit most part of the Summer time, 
 and seldom remove far from it, unless it be to subdue 
 any Forreign Rebellion. 
 
 About Nmemher the best Hunters draw off to 
 several remote places of the Woods, where they know 
 the Deer, Bear, and Elke useth ; there they build them 
 several Cottages, which they call their Winter-quarter, 
 where they remain for the space of three months, untill 
 they have killed up a sufficiency of Provisions to sup- 
 ply their Families with in the Summer. 
 
 The Women are the Butchers, Cooks, and Tillers 
 of the ground, the Men think it below the honour of 
 
 4S7 
 
80 A CHARACTER OP THE 
 
 a Masculine, to stoop to any thing but that which 
 their Gun, or Bow and Arrows can command. The 
 Men kill the several Beasts which they meet withall 
 in the Woods, and the Women are the Pack horses to 
 fetch it in upon their backs, fleying and dressing the 
 hydes, (as well as the flesh for provision) to make 
 them fit for Trading, and which are brought down to 
 the Miglish at several seasons in the year, to truck 
 and dispose of them for course Blankets, Guns, Pow- 
 der and lead, Beads, small Looking-glasses, Knives, 
 and Razors. (See note No. 57). 
 
 I never observed all the while I was amongst these 
 naked Indians, that ever the Women wore the 
 Breeches, or dared either in look or action predomi- 
 nate over the Men. They are very constant to their 
 Wives; and let this be spoken to their Heathenish 
 praise, that did they not alter their bodies by their 
 dyings, paintings, and cutting themselves, marring 
 those Excellencies that Nature bestowed upon them 
 in their original conceptions and birth, there would 
 be as amiable beauties amongst them, as any Alex- 
 andria could afford, when Mark Anthony and Cleo- 
 patra dwelt there together. Their Marriages are 
 short and authentique ; for after 'tis resolv'd upon by 
 both parties, the Woman sends her intended Husband 
 a Kettle of boyl'd Venison, or ' Bear ; and he returns 
 in lieu thereof Beaver or Otters Skins, and so their 
 Nuptial Rites are concluded without other Ceremony. 
 (See note No. 58). 
 
PROVINCE OP MARY-LAND. 81 
 
 Before I bring my Heathenish Story to a period, I 
 have one thing worthy your observation : For as our 
 Grammar Rules have it, Non decet quenquam me ire 
 currenteim, aut mandantem: It doth not become any 
 man to piss running or eating. These Pagan men 
 naturally observe the same Rule ; for they are so far 
 from running, that like a Hare, they squat to the 
 ground as low as they can, while the Women stand 
 bolt upright with their armes a Kimbo, performing 
 the same action, in so confident and obscene a posture 
 (see note No. 59), as if they had taken their Degrees 
 of Entrance at Venice, and commenced Bawds of Art 
 at Legorne. 
 
 11 
 
A Collection of some Letters that were written by 
 
 the same Author, most of them in the 
 
 time of his Servitude. 
 
 To my much Honored Friend Mr. T. B. 
 
 Sir, 
 
 I Have lived with sorrow to see the Anointed of the 
 Lord tore from his Throne by the hands of Pari- 
 cides, and in contempt haled, in the view of God, 
 Angels and Men, upon a public Theatre, and there 
 murthered. I have seen the sacred Temple of the 
 Almighty, in scorn by Schismatics made the Recep- 
 tacle of Theeves and Robbers ; and those Religious 
 Prayers, that in devotion Evening and Morning were 
 offered up as a Sacrifice to our God, rent by Sacri- 
 legious hands, and made no other use of, then sold to 
 Brothel-houses to light Tobacco with. 
 
 Who then can stay, or will, to see things of so great 
 weight steer'd by such barbarous Hounds as these : 
 First, were there an Egypt to go down to, I would 
 involve my Liberty to them, upon condition ne'er 
 more to see my Country. What? live in silence 
 under the sway of such base actions, is to give con- 
 sent ; and though the lowness of my present Estate 
 and Condition, with the hazard I put my future dayes 
 upon, might plead a just excuse for me to stay at 
 home ; but Heavens forbid : I'le rather serve in 
 
 491 
 
84 A COLLECTION OF 
 
 Chains, and draw the Plough with Animals, till death 
 shall stop and say, It is enough. Sir, if you stay 
 behind, I wish you well : I am bound for Mary-Land ^ 
 this day I have made some entrance into my intended 
 voyage, and when I have done more, you shall know 
 of it. I have here inclosed what you of me desired, 
 but truly trouble, discontent and business, have so 
 amazed my senses, that what to write, or where to 
 write, I conceive my self almost as uncapable as he 
 that never did write. What you'le find will be Ex 
 tempore, without the use of premeditation; and though 
 there may want something of a flourishing stile to 
 dress them forth, yet I'm certain there wants nothing 
 of truth, will, and desire. 
 
 Heavens bright Lanvp^ shine forth some of thy Light, 
 
 But just so long to paint this dismal Night ; 
 
 Then draw thy beams, ayid hide thy glorious face, 
 
 From the dark sable actions of this 'place ; 
 
 Leaving these lustful Sodomites gropirig still, 
 
 To satisfe each dark unsatiate will, 
 
 TJntill at length the crimes that they commit, 
 
 May sink them down to Hells Infernal pit. 
 
 Base and degenerate Earth, how dost thou lye. 
 
 That all that pass hiss, at thy Treachery ? 
 
 Thou which couldst boast once of thy King and Grown, 
 
 By base Mechanicks now art tumbled down, 
 
 Brewers and Coblers, that have scarce an Eye, 
 
 Walk hand in hand in thy Supremacy ; 
 
 And all those Courts where Majesty did Throne, 
 
 Are now the Seats for Oliver and loan : 
 
HISTORICAL LETTERS. 85 
 
 Persons of Honour, which did before inherit 
 Their glorious Titles from deserved merit, 
 Are all grown silent, and with wonder gaze, 
 To vieiv such Slaves drest in their Courtly rages ; 
 To see a Drayman that knows nought but Yeast, 
 Set in a Throne like Babylons red Beast, 
 While heaps of Parasites do idolize 
 This red-nos'd Bell, loith fawning Sacrifice. 
 What can ive sag ? our King they've Murthered, 
 And those well born, are basely buried : 
 Nobles are slain, and Royalists in each street 
 Are scorn' d, and kicked by most Men that they meet : 
 Religion's banisht, and Heresie survives. 
 And none but Conventicks in this Age thrives. 
 Oh could those Eomans froin their Ashes rise, 
 That Wd in Zero's time : Oh how their cries 
 Would our perfidious Island shake, nay rend, 
 With clamorous screo.ks unto the Heaven send : 
 Oh how they'd blush to see our Crimson crimes, 
 And know the Subjects Authors of these times : 
 When as the Peasant he shall take his King, 
 And without cause shall fall a murihering him ; 
 And when that's done, with Pride assume the Chair, 
 And Wvcarod-like, himself to heaven rear ; 
 Commxmd the People, make the Land Obey 
 His baser will, and swear to what he'l say. 
 Sure, sure our God has not these evils sent 
 To please himself, but for mans punishinent : 
 And when he shall from our dark sable Skies 
 Withdraw these Clouds, and let our Sun arise, 
 Our dayes icill surely then in Glory shine. 
 Both in our Temporal, and our State divine : 
 
86 A COLLECTION OF 
 
 May this come quickly, though I may never see 
 This glorious day, yet I loould sympathie, 
 And feel a joy run through each vain of blood, 
 Though VassaUed on t'other side the Floud. 
 Heavens protect his Sacred Majesty, 
 From secret Plots, ^ treacherous Villany. 
 And that those Slaves that noio predominate, 
 Hang'd and destroy'd may be their best of Fate ; 
 And though Great Charles be distant from his own, 
 Heaven I hope will seat him on his Throne. 
 
 Vale. 
 
 Yours what I may, 
 G. A. 
 
 From tlie Chimney Corner upon a 
 low cricket, where I writ this in 
 the noise of some six Women, 
 Aug. 19. Anno 
 
 To my Honored Father at his House. 
 
 Sir, 
 
 BEfore I dare bid Adieu to the old World, or 
 shake hands with my native Soyl for ever, I 
 have a Conscience inwards tells me, that I must offer 
 up the remains of that Obedience of mine, that lyes 
 close centered within the cave of my Soul, at the 
 Alter, of your paternal Love : And though this Sacri- 
 fice of mine may shew something low and thread-bare, 
 (at this time) yet know, That in the Zenith of all 
 
 494 
 
HISTORICAL LETTERS. 87 
 
 actions, Obedience is that great wheel that moves the 
 lesser in their circular motion. 
 
 I am now entring for some time to dwell under the 
 Government of Neptune, a Monarchy that I was never 
 manured to live under, nor to converse with in his 
 dreadful Aspect, neither do I know how I shall bear 
 with his rough demands ; but that God has carried 
 me through those many gusts a shoar, which I have 
 met withall in the several voyages of my life, I hope 
 will Pilot me safely to my desired Port, through the 
 worst of Stormes I shall meet withall at Sea. 
 
 We have strange, and yet good news aboard, that 
 he whose vast mind could not be contented with 
 spacious Territories to stretch his insatiate desires on, 
 is (by an Almighty power) banished from his usuped 
 Throne to dwell among the dead. I no sooner heard 
 of it, but my melancholly Muse forced me upon this 
 ensuing Distich. 
 
 Poor vaunting Earth, gloss' d with uncertain Pride, 
 That liv'd in Pomp, yet worse than others dy'd : 
 Who shall blow forth a Trumpet to thy praise ? 
 Or call thy sable Actions shining Rayes ? 
 Such Lights as those blaze forth the vertued dead, 
 And make them live, though they are buried. 
 Thou'st gone, and to thy memory lei be said. 
 There lies that Oliver which of old betrayed 
 His King and Master, and after did assume, 
 With swelling Pride, to govern in his room. 
 Here Tie rest satisfied, Scriptures expound to me, 
 Tophet was ynade for such Supremacy. 
 
 495 
 
A COLLECTION OF 
 
 The death of this great Rebel (I hope) will prove 
 an Omen to presage destruction on the rest. The 
 World's in a heap of troubles and confusion, and 
 while they are in the midst of their changes and 
 amazes, the best way to give them the bag, is to go 
 out of the World and leave them. I am now bound 
 for Mary-Land, and I am told that's a New World, 
 but if it prove no better than this, I shall not get 
 much by my change; but before I'le revoke my 
 Resolution, I am resolv'd to put it to adventure, for I 
 think it can hardly be worse then this is : Thus com- 
 mitting you into the hands of that God that made 
 you, I rest 
 
 Your Ohedie^it Son, 
 G. A. 
 
 From aboard a Ship at Graves- 
 end, Sept. 7th, Anno 
 
 To my Brother. 
 
 I Leave you very near in the same condition as I 
 am in my self, only here lies the difference, you 
 were bound at Joyners Hall in London Apprentice- 
 wise, and I conditionally at Navigators Hall, that 
 now rides at an Anchor at Gravesend ; I hope you 
 will allow me to live in the largest Mayordom, by 
 reason I am the eldest : None but the main Continent 
 of America will serve me for a Corporation to inhabit 
 
 496 
 
HISTORICAL LETTERS. 89 
 
 in now, though I am affraid for all that, that the 
 reins of my Liberty will be something shorter then 
 yours will be in London : But as to that, what Des- 
 tiny has ordered I am resolved with an adventerous 
 Resolution to subscribe to, and with a contented 
 imbracement 'enjoy it. I would fain have seen you 
 once more in this Old World, before I go into the 
 New, I know you have a chain about your Leg, as 
 well as I have a clog about my Neck : If you can't 
 come, send a line or two, if not, wish me well at least : 
 I have one thing to charge home upon you, and I 
 hope you will take my counsel, That you have 
 alwayes an obedient Respect and Reverence to your 
 aged Parents, that while they live they may have 
 comfort of you, and when that God shall sound a 
 retreat to their lives, that there they may with their 
 gray hairs in joy go down to their Graves. 
 
 Thus concluding, wishing you a comfortable Servi- 
 tude, a prosperous Life, and the assurance of a happy 
 departure in the immutable love of him that made 
 
 you. Vale. 
 
 Your Brother, 
 
 G. A. 
 
 From Oravesend, Sept. 7. Anno 
 
 12 
 
 497 
 
90 A COLLECTION OF 
 
 To my much Honored Friend Mr. T. B. at his House. 
 
 I Am got ashoar with much ado, and it is very well 
 it is as it is, for if I had stayed a- little longer, I 
 had certainly been a Creature of the Water, for I had 
 hardly flesh enough to carry me to Land, not that I 
 wanted for any thing that the Ship could afford me in 
 reason : But oh the great bowls of Pease-porridge that 
 appeared in sight every day about the hour of twelve, 
 ingulfed the senses of my Appetite so, with the 
 restringent quality of the Salt Beef, upon the internal 
 Inhabitants of my belly, that a Galenist for some days 
 after my arrival, with his Bag-pipes of Physical ope- 
 rations, could hardly make my Puddings dance in any 
 methodical order. 
 
 But to set by these things that happened unto me 
 at Sea, I am now upon Land, and there I'le keep my 
 self if I can, and for four years I am pretty sure of 
 my restraint ; and had I known my yoak would have 
 been so easie, (as I conceive it will) I would have 
 been here long before now, rather then to have dwelt 
 under the pressure of a Rebellious and Trayterous 
 Government so long as I did. I dwell now by provi- 
 dence in the Province of Mary-Land, (under the quiet 
 Government of the Lord Baltemare) which Country 
 a bounds in a most glorious prosperity and plenty of 
 all things. And though the Infancy of her situation 
 might plead an excuse to those several imperfections, 
 (if she were guilty of any of them) which by scandal- 
 
HISTORICAL LETTERS. 91 
 
 ous and imaginary conjectures are falsly laid to her 
 charge, and which she values with so little notice or 
 perceivance of discontent, that she hardly alters her 
 visage with a frown, to let them know she is angry 
 with such a Rascality of people, that loves nothing 
 better then their own sottish and abusive acclama- 
 tions of baseness : To be short, the Country (so far 
 forth as I have seen into it) is incomparable. 
 
 Here is a sort of naked Inhabitants,- or wilde 
 people, that have for many ages I believe lived here 
 in the Woods of Mary-Land, as well as in other parts 
 of the Continent, before e'er it was by the Christian 
 Discoverers found out; being a people strange to 
 behold, as well in their looks, which by confused 
 paintings makes them seem dreadful, as in their 
 sterne and heroick gate and deportments, the Men 
 are mighty tall and big limbed, the Women not alto- 
 gether so large; they are most of them very well 
 featured, did not their wilde and ridiculous dresses 
 alter their original excellencies : The men are great 
 Warriours and Hunters, the Women ingenious and 
 laborious Housewives. 
 
 As to matter of their Worship, they own no other 
 Deity then the Devil, and him more out of a slavish 
 fear, then any real devotion, or willing acknowk^dge- 
 ment to his Hellish power. They live in little small 
 Bark-Cottages, in tlie remote parts of the Woods, 
 killing and slaying the several Animals that they 
 meet withall to make provision of, dressing tlieir 
 
92 A COLLECTION OF 
 
 several Hydes and Skins to Trafique withall, when a 
 conveniency of Trade presents. I would go on fur- 
 ther, but like Doctor GcLse, when he had not a word 
 more to speak for himself, / am afft^aid my heloved I 
 have kept you too Imig. Now he that made you save 
 
 you. Amen. 
 
 Yours to command, 
 
 G. A. 
 
 From Mary-Land, Febr. 6. Anno 
 
 And not to forget Tom Forge I beseech you, tell 
 him that my Love's the same towards him still, and 
 as firm as it was about the overgrown Tryal, when 
 Judgements upon judgements, had not I stept in, 
 would have pursued him untill the day of Judge- 
 ment, &G. 
 
 To my Father at Ms House. 
 
 Sir, 
 
 AFter my Obedience (at so great and vast a dis- 
 tance) has humbly saluted you and my good 
 Mother, with the cordialest of my prayers, wishes, 
 and desires to wait upon you, with the very best of 
 their effectual devotion, wishing from the very Center 
 of my Soul your flourishing and well-being here upon 
 Earth, and your glorious and everlasting happiness in 
 the World to Come. 
 
 500 
 
HISTORICAL LETTERS. 93 
 
 These lines (my dear Parents) come from that Son 
 which by an irregular Fate was removed from his 
 Native home, and after a five months dangerous pas- 
 sage, was landed on the remote Continent of America, 
 in the Province of Mwy-Land, where now by provi- 
 dence I reside. To give you the particulars of the 
 several accidents that happened in our voyage by 
 Sea, it would swell a Journal of some sheets, and 
 therefore too large and tedious for a Letter : I think 
 it therefore necessary to bind up the relation in 
 Octavo, and give it you in short. 
 
 We had a blowing and dangerous passage of it, and 
 for some dayes after I arrived, I was an absolute 
 Copernicus, it being one main point of my moral 
 Creed, to beheve the World had a pair of long legs, 
 and walked with the burthen of the Creation upon 
 her back. For to tell you the very truth of it, for 
 some dayes upon Land, after so long and tossing a 
 passage, I was so giddy that I could hardly tread an 
 even step; so that all things both above and below 
 (that was in view) appeared to me like the Kentish 
 Britains to Willicim the Conqmror, in a moving 
 posture. 
 
 Those few number of weeks since my arrival, has 
 given me but little experience to write any thing 
 large of the Country ; only thus much I can say, and 
 that not from any imaginary conjectures, but from an 
 occular observation. That this Country of M(try-Ltmd 
 abounds in a flourishing variety of delightful Woods, 
 
94 A COLLECTION OP 
 
 pleasant groves, lovely Springs, together with spacious 
 Navigable Rivers and Creeks, it being a most helthful 
 and pleasant situation, so far as my knowledge has 
 yet had any view in it. 
 
 Herds of Deer are as numerous in this Province of 
 Mary-Land, as Cuckolds can be in London, only their 
 horns are not so well drest and tipt with silver as 
 theirs are. 
 
 Here if the Devil had such a Vagary in his head as 
 he had once among the Gadareans, he might drown 
 a thousand head of Hogs and they'd ne're be miss'd, 
 for the very Woods of this Province swarms with 
 them. 
 
 The Christian Inhabitant of this Province, as to the 
 general, lives wonderful well and contented : The 
 Government of this Province is by the loyalness of 
 the people, and loving demeanor of the Proprietor 
 and Governor of the same, kept in a continued peace 
 and unity. 
 
 The Servant of this Province, which are stigmatiz'd 
 for Slaves by the clappermouth jaws of the vulgar in 
 England, live more like Freemen then the most 
 Mechanick Apprentices in London, wanting for 
 nothing that is convenient and necessary, and accord- 
 ing to their several capacities, are extraordinary well 
 used and respected. So leaving things here as I 
 found them, and lest I should commit Sacriledge 
 upon your more serious meditations, with the Tau- 
 tologies of a long-winded Letter, I'le subscribe with a 
 
HISTORICAL LETTERS. 95 
 
 heavenly Ejaculation to the God of Mercy to preserve 
 you now and for evermore, Amen. 
 
 Yonr Ohedient Son, 
 
 G. A. 
 
 From Mary-Land, Jan. 17. Anno 
 
 To my much Honored Friend Mr. M. F. 
 Sir, 
 
 YOu writ to me when I was at Gravesend, (but I 
 had no conveniency to send you an answer till 
 now) enjoyning me, if possible, to give you a just 
 Information by my diligent observance, what thing 
 were best and most profitable to send into this 
 Country for a commodious Trafique. 
 
 Sir, The enclosed will demonstrate unto you both 
 particularly and at large, to the full satisfaction of 
 your desire, it being an Invoyce drawn as exact to 
 the business you imployed me upon, as my weak 
 capacity could extend to. 
 
 Sir, If you send any Adventure to this Province, 
 let me beg to give you this advice in it; That the 
 Factor whom you imploy be a man of a Brain, other- 
 wise the Planter will go near to make a Skimming- 
 dish of his Skull : I know your Genius can interpret 
 my meaning. The people of this place (whether the 
 saltness of the Ocean gave them any alteration when 
 they went over first, or their continual dwelling under 
 
 coa 
 
96 A COLLECTION OF 
 
 the remote Clyme where they now inhabit, I know 
 not) are a more acute people in general, in matters of 
 Trade and Commerce, then in any other place of the 
 World (see note No. 60), and by their crafty and sure 
 bargaining, do often over-reach the raw and unex- 
 perienced Merchant. To be short, he that undertakes 
 Merchants imployment for Mary-Land, must have 
 more of Knave in him then Fool ; he must not be a 
 windling piece of Formality, that will lose his Im- 
 ployers Goods for Conscience sake ; nor a flashy piece 
 of Prodigality, that will give his Merchants fine 
 Hollands, Laces, and Silks, to purchase the benevo- 
 lence of a Female : But he must be a man of solid 
 confidence, carrying alwayes in his looks the Effigies 
 of an Execution upon Command, if he supposes a 
 baffle or denyal of payment, where a debt for his 
 Imployer is legally due. (See note No. 61). 
 
 Sir, I had like almost to forgot to tell you in what 
 part of the World I am : I dwell by providence Ser- 
 vant to Mr. Thomas Stocket (see note No. 62), in the 
 County of Baltemore, within the Province of Mary- 
 Land, under the Government of the Lord Baltemore, 
 being a Country abounding with the variety and 
 diversity of all that is or may be rare. But lest I 
 should Tantalize you with a relation of that which is 
 very unlikely of your enjoying, by reason of that 
 strong Antipathy you have ever had 'gainst Travel, 
 as to your own particular: I'le only tell you, that 
 Mary-Land is seated within the large extending armes 
 
HISTORICAL LETTERS. 97 
 
 of America, between the Degrees of 36 and 38, being 
 in Longitude from Eiiylaud eleven hundred and odd 
 Leagues. 
 
 Vale. 
 
 G. A. 
 
 From Mary-Land, Jan. 17. Anno 
 
 To my Honored Friend Mr. T. B. at his House. 
 Sir, 
 
 YOurs I received, wherein I find my self much 
 obliged to you for your good opinion of me, I 
 return you millions of thanks. ' 9 
 
 Sir, you wish me well, and I pray God as well that 
 those wishes may light upon me, and then I question 
 not but all will do well. Those Pictures you sent 
 sewed up in a Pastboard, with a Letter tacked on the 
 outside, you make no mention at all what should be 
 done with them : If they are Saints, unless I knew 
 their names, I could make no use of them. Pray in 
 your next let me know what they are, for my fingers 
 itch to be doing with them one way or another. Our 
 Government here hath had a small fit of a Rebellious 
 Quotidian, (see note No. 63), but five Grains of the 
 powder of Subvertment has qualified it. Pray be 
 larger in your next how things stand in EiKjland : I 
 understand His Majesty is return'd with Ilcmour, and 
 seated in the hereditary Throne of his Father; God 
 
 ■I'J 505 
 
98 A COLLECTION OF 
 
 bless him from Traytors, and the Church from Sacri- 
 legious Schisms, and you as a loyal Subject to the 
 one, and a true Member to the other; while you so 
 continue, the God of order, peace and tranquility, 
 
 bless and preserve you. Amen. 
 
 Vale. 
 
 Your real Friend, 
 
 G. A. 
 
 From Mary-Land, Febr. 20. Anno 
 
 To my Honored Father at his House. 
 , Sir, 
 
 "X 7"^ TIth a twofold unmeasurable joy I received 
 Y Y your Letter : First, in the consideration of 
 Gods great Mercy to you in particular, (though weak 
 and aged) yet to give you dayes among the living. 
 Next, that his now most Excellent Majesty Charles 
 the Second, is by the omnipotent Providence of God, 
 seated in the Throne of his Father. I hope that God 
 has placed him there, will give him a heart to praise 
 and magnifie his name for ever, and a hand of just 
 Revenge, to punish the murthering and rebellious 
 Outrages of those Sons of shame and Apostacy, that 
 Usurped the Throne of his Sacred Honour. Near 
 about the time I received your Letter, (or a little 
 before) here sprang up in this Province of Mary-Land 
 a kind of pigmie Rebellion : A company of weak- 
 
 506 
 
HISTORICAL LETTERS. 99 
 
 witted men, which thought to have traced the steps 
 of Olwer in Rebellion (see note No. 63). They 
 began to be mighty stiff and hidebound in their pro- 
 ceedings, clothing themselves with the tlasliy pre- 
 tences of future and imaginary honour, and (had they 
 not been suddenly quell'd) they might have done so 
 much mischief (for aught I know) that nothing but 
 utter mine could have ransomed their headlong follies. 
 
 His Majesty appearing in England, he quickly (by 
 the splendor of his Rayes) thawed the stiffness of 
 their frozen and slippery intentions. All things 
 (blessed be God for it) are at peace and unity here 
 now : And as Lather being asked once. What he 
 thought of some small Opinions that started up in his 
 time? answered, T1iat he thought them to he good honest 
 people, exempting their error : So I judge of these men, 
 That their thoughts were not so bad at first, as their 
 actions would have led them into in process of time. 
 
 I have here enclosed sent you something written in 
 haste upon the Kings coming to the enjoyment of his 
 Throne, with a reflection upon the former sad and 
 bad times ; I have done them as well as I could, con- 
 sidering all things : If they are not so well as they 
 should be, all I can do is to wish them better for your 
 sakes. My Obedience to you and my Mother alwayes 
 
 devoted. 
 
 Your Son 
 
 G. A. 
 
 From Mary-Land, Febr. 9. Anno 
 
 607 
 
100 A COLLECTION OP 
 
 To my Cosen Mris. Ellinor Evins. 
 
 E' re I forget the Zenith of your Love, 
 L et me be hanisht from the Thrones above ; ■ 
 L ighi let me never see, when I grow rude, 
 I 7iiomb your Love in base Ingratitude : 
 'N or may I prosper, but the state 
 
 f gaping Tantalus be my fate; 
 
 R ather then I should thus pj'eposterous grow, 
 E arth would condemn me to her vaults below. 
 V ertuous and Noble, could my Genius raise 
 
 1 mmortal Anthems to your Vestal praise, 
 'E one should be more laborious than I, 
 
 S aint-like to Canonize you to the Sky. 
 
 The Antimonial Cup (dear Cosen) you sent me, I 
 had; and as soon as I received it, I went to work 
 with the Infirmities and Diseases of my body. At 
 the first draught, it made such havock among the 
 several humors that had stolen into my body, that 
 like a Conjurer in a room among a company of little 
 Devils, they no sooner hear him begin to speak high 
 words, but away they pack, and happy is he that can 
 get out first, some up the Chimney, and the rest down 
 stairs, till they are all disperst. So those malignant 
 humors of my body, feeling the operative power, and 
 medicinal virtue of this Cup, were so amazed at their 
 sudden surprizal, (being alwayes before battered only 
 by the weak assaults of some few Empyricks) they 
 stood not long to dispute, but with joynt consent 
 
 .508 
 
HISTORICAL LETTERS. 101 
 
 made their retreat, some running through the sink of 
 the Skullery, the rest climbing up my ribs, took my 
 mouth for a Garret-window, and so leapt out. 
 
 Cosen, For this great kindness of yours, in sending 
 me this medicinal vertue, I return you my thanks : 
 It came in a very good time, when I was dangerously 
 sick, and by the assistance of God it hath perfectly 
 recovered me. 
 
 I have sent you here a few Furrs, they were all I 
 could get at present, I humbly beg your acceptance 
 of them, as a pledge of my love and thankfulness unto 
 you ; I subscribe, 
 
 Your loving Gosen, 
 
 G. A. 
 
 From Mary Land, Dec. 9. Anno 
 
 To 31y Brother P. A. 
 
 Brother, 
 
 I Have made a shift to unloose my self from my 
 Collar now as well as you, but I see at present 
 either small pleasure or profit in it : What the futu- 
 raUty of my dayes will bring forth, I know not ; For 
 while I was linckt with the Chain of a restraining 
 Servitude, I had all things cared for, and now I have 
 all things to care for my self, which makes me almost 
 to wish my self in for the other four years. 
 
 Liberty without money, is like a man opprest with 
 the Gout, every step he puts forward puts him to 
 
 600 
 
102 A COLLECTION OP 
 
 pain ; when on the other side, he that has Coyn with 
 his Liberty, is like the swift Post-Messenger of the 
 Gods, that wears wings at his heels, his motion being 
 swift or slow, as he j^leaseth. 
 
 I received this year two Caps, the one white, of an 
 honest plain countenance, the other purple, which I 
 conceive to be some antient Monumental Relique ; 
 which of them you sent I know not, and it was a 
 wonder how I should, for there was no mention in 
 the Letter, more then, that my Brother had sent me a 
 Gap: They were delivered me in the company of 
 some Gentlemen that ingaged me to write a few lines 
 upon the purple one, and because they were my 
 Friends I could not deny them; and here I present 
 them to you as they were written. 
 
 Hailefrom the dead, or from Eternity, 
 Thou Velvit Relique of Antiquity ; 
 Thou which appear' st here in thy purple hew, 
 TeWs hoiD the dead within their Tombs do doe ; 
 How those Ghosts fare within each Marble Cell, 
 Where amongst them for Ages thou didst dwell. 
 What Brain didst cover there ? tell us that we 
 Upon our knees vayle Hats to honour thee : 
 And if no honour's due, tell us whose pate 
 Thou basely cover edst, and we'ljoynily hate : 
 Let's know his name, thai we may shew neglect ; 
 If otherwise, we' I kiss thee with respect. 
 Say, didst thou cover Noll's old brazen head, 
 Which on the top of Westminster high Lead 
 
 510 
 
HISTORICAL LETTERS. 103 
 
 Stands on a Pole, erected to the sky, 
 As a grand Trojjhi/ to his memory/. 
 From his perfidious skull didst thou fall down, 
 In a dis-dain to honour such a crown 
 With three-jnle Velvet ? tell yne, hadst thou thy fall 
 From the high top of thai Cathedral F 
 None of the Heroes of the Roman stem, 
 Wore ever such a fashion'd Diadem, 
 Didst thou speak Turkish in thy unknown dress, 
 Thou^dst cover Great Mogull, and no man less ; 
 But in thy make methinks thou'ri too too scant. 
 To be so great a Monarch's Turherant. 
 The Jews by Moses swear, they never knew 
 EWe such a Cap dresi up in Hebrew : 
 Nor the strict Order of the Romish See, 
 Wears any Cap that looks so base as thee ; 
 His Holiness hates thy Lowness, and instead. 
 Wears Peters spired Steeple on his head : 
 The Cardinals descent is much more flat, 
 For want of name, baptized is A Hat ; 
 Through each strict Order has my fancy ran, 
 Both Ambrose, Austin, and the Franciscan, 
 Where I beheld rich Images of the dead, 
 Yet scarce had one a Cap upon his head : 
 Episcopacy wears Caps, but not like thee, 
 Though sevei'al shaped, with much diversity : 
 ' Twere best I think 1 presently should gang 
 To Edenburghs strict Presbyterian ; 
 But Caps they've none, their ears being made so large, 
 Serves them to turn it like a Garnesey Barge ; 
 Those keep their skulls warm against North-west gusts, 
 When they in Pulpit do poor Calvin curse. 
 
 511 
 
104 A COLLECTION OP 
 
 Thoa art not Fortunatus, /or I daily see, 
 That 'which I wish is farthest off from me : 
 Thy lovhbuilt state none ever did advance. 
 To christen thee the Cap of Maintenance ; 
 Then till I know from whence thou didst derive. 
 Thou shalt be call'd, the Cap of Fugitive. 
 
 You writ to me this year to send you some Smoak ; 
 at that instant it made me wonder that a man of a 
 rational Soul, having both his eyes (blessed be God) 
 should make so unreasonable a demand, when he that 
 has but one eye, nay he which has never a one, and 
 is fain to make use of an Animal conductive for his 
 op tick guidance, cannot endure the prejudice that 
 Smoak brings with it : But since you are resolv'd 
 upon it, rie dispute it no further. 
 
 I have sent you that which will make Smoak, 
 (namely Tobacco) though the Funk it self is so 
 slippery that I could not send it, yet I have sent you 
 the Substance from whence the Smoak derives : What 
 use you imploy it to I know not, nor will I be too 
 importunate to know ; yet let me tell you this. That 
 if you burn it in a room to affright the Devil from 
 the house, you need not fear but it will work the 
 same effect, as Tobyes galls did upon the leacherous 
 Fiend. No more at present. Vale. 
 
 Your Brother, 
 
 G. A. 
 
 From Mary-Land, Dec. 11. Anno 
 
 613 
 
HISTORICAL LETTERS. 105 
 
 To mtj Honored Friend Mr. T. B. 
 Sir, 
 
 Tllis is the entr.ance upon my fifth year, and I 
 fear 'twill prove the worst : 1 have been very 
 much troubled with a throng of unruly Distempers, 
 that have (contrary to my expectation) crouded into 
 the Main-guard of my body, when the drowsie Senti- 
 nels of my brain were a sleep. Where they got in I 
 know not, but to my grief and terror I find them 
 predominant : Yet as Doctor Dunne, sometimes Dean 
 of St. Pauls, said, That the bodies diseases do hut mellow 
 a man for Heaven, and so ferments him in this World, 
 as lie shall need no long concoction in the Grave, hut 
 hxxsten to the Resurrection. And if this were weighed 
 seriously in the Ballance of Religious Reason, the 
 World we dwell in would not seem so inticing and 
 bewitching as it doth. 
 
 We are only sent by God of an Errand into this 
 World, and the time that's allotted us for to stay, is 
 only for an Answer. When God my great Master 
 shall in good earnest call me home, which these 
 warnings tell me I have not long to stay, I hope then 
 T shall be able to give him a good account of my 
 Message. 
 
 Sir, My weakness gives a stop to my writing, my 
 hand being so shakingly feeble, that I can hardly 
 hold my pen any further then to tell you, I am yours 
 
 14 513 
 
106 A COLLECTION OF 
 
 while I live, which 1 believe will be but some few 
 minutes. 
 
 If this Letter come to you before I'me dead, pray 
 for me, but if I am gone, pray howsoever, for they 
 can do me no harm if they come after me. 
 
 Vale. 
 You7' real Fi^iend, 
 G. A. 
 
 From Mary-Land, Dec. 13. Anno 
 
 To my Parents. 
 
 FRom the Grave or Receptacle of Death am I 
 raised, and by an omnipotent power made capa- 
 ple of offering once more my Obedience (that lies 
 close cabbined in the inwardmost apartment of my 
 Soul) at the feet of your immutable Loves. 
 
 My good Parents, God hath done marvellous things 
 for me, far beyond my deserts, which at best were 
 preposterously sinful, and unsuitable to the sacred 
 will of an Almighty : But he is merciful, and his mercy 
 endures for ever. When sinful man has by his Evils 
 and Iniquities pull'd some penetrating Judgment upon 
 his head, and finding himself immediately not able to 
 stand under so great a burthen as Gods smallest 
 stroke of Justice, lowers the Top-gallant sayle of his 
 Pride, and with an humble submissiveness prostrates 
 himself before the Throne of his sacred Mercy, and 
 
 514 
 
HISTORICAL LETTERS. 107 
 
 like those three Lepars that sate at the Gate of 
 Samwria, resolved, If we go into the City we shall perish, 
 and if ice stay liere we shall perish also : Tlierefoi^e we 
 tcill throw our selves into the hands of the Assyrians and 
 if loe perish, we perish: This was just my condition as 
 to eternal state ; my soul was at a stand in this black 
 storm of affliction : I view'd the World, and all that's 
 pleasure in her, and found her altogether flashy, aiery, 
 and full of notional pretensions, and not one firm 
 place where a distressed Soul could hang his trust on. 
 Next I viewed my self, and there I found, instead of 
 good Works, Hvely Faith, and Charity, a most horrid 
 neast of condemned Evils, bearing a supreme Prero- 
 gative over my internal faculties. You'l say here 
 was little hope of rest in this extreme Eclipse, being 
 in a desperate amaze to see my estate so deplorable : 
 My better Angel urged me to deliver up my aggriev- 
 ances to the Bench of Gods Mercy, the sure support 
 of all distressed Souls : His Heavenly warning, and 
 inward whispers of the good Spirit I was resolv'd to 
 entertain, and not quench, and throw my self into the 
 armes of a loving God, If I perish, I perish. 'Tis 
 beyond wonder to think of the love of God extended 
 to sinful man, that in the deepest distresses or agonies 
 of Affliction, when all other things prove rather 
 hinderances then advantages, even at that time God 
 is ready and steps forth to the supportment of his 
 drooping Spirit. Truly, about a fortnight before I 
 wrote this. Letter, two of our ablest Physicians ren- 
 
108 HISTORICAL LETTERS. 
 
 dered me up into the hands of God, the universal 
 Doctor of the whole World, and subscribed with a 
 silent acknowledgement, That all their Arts, screw'd 
 up to the very Zenith of Scholastique perfection, were 
 not capable of keeping me from the Grave at that 
 time : But God, the great preserver of Soul and Body, 
 said contrary to the expectation of humane reason. 
 Arise, take up thy bed and walk. 
 
 I am now (through the help of my Maker) creeping 
 up to my former strength and vigour, and every day 
 I live, I hope I shall, through the assistance of divine 
 Grace, climbe nearer and nearer to my eternal home. 
 
 I have received this year three Letters from you, 
 
 one by Capt. Conway Commander of the Wheat-Sheaf, 
 
 the others by a Bristol Ship. Having no more at 
 
 present to trouble you with, but expecting your 
 
 promise, I remain as ever, 
 
 Your dutiful Son, 
 
 G. A. 
 
 Mary-Land, April 9. Anno 
 
 I desire my hearty love may be remembered to my 
 Brother, and the rest of my Kinred. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
 516 
 
NOTES. 
 
 Note 1, page 15. 
 
 After having resolved to reprint Alsop's early account of Maryland, as au 
 addition to my Bibliotheca Americana, I immediately fell in with a difficulty 
 wliicli I liad not counted on. After mudi inciuiry and investigation, I could 
 find no copy to print from among all my earnest book collecting acquaint- 
 ances. At length some one informed me that Mr. Bancroft the historian 
 had a copy in his library. I immediately took the liberty of calling on him 
 and making known my wants, he generously offered to let me have the 
 use of it for the jiurpose stated, I carried the book home, had it carefully 
 copied, but unfortunately during the ]>rocess I discovered the text was 
 imperfect as well as deficient in both portrait and map. Like Sisyphus I 
 had to begin anew, and do nearly all my labor over ; I sent to London to 
 learn if the functionaries in the British Museum would pennit a tracing of 
 the portrait and map to be made from their copy, the answer returned was, 
 that they would or could not permit this, but I might perfect my text if I 
 so choosed by copying from theirs. Here I was once inore at sea without 
 compass, rudder, or chart : I made known nij- condition to an eminent and 
 judicious collector of old American literature in the city of New York, he 
 very frankly informed me that he could aid me in my difficulty by letting 
 me have the use of a copy, which would relieve me from my present 
 dilemma. I was greatly rejoiced at this discovery as well as by the gene- 
 rosity of the owner. The following day the book was put into my possession, 
 and so by the aid of it was enabled to complete the text. Here another 
 difficulty burst into view, this copy had no portrait. That being the only 
 defect in perfecting a copy of Alsop's book, 1 now resolved to proceed and 
 publish it without a portrait, but perhaps fortunately, making known this 
 resolve to some of the knowing ones in book gathering, they remonstrated 
 against this course, adding that it would ruin the book in the estimation f)f 
 all who would buy sucli a rarity. I was inclined to listen favorably to this 
 protest, and therefore had to commence a new (iffort to obtain a portrait. 
 I then laid about me again to try and ])rocure a copy that had one : I knew 
 that not more than three or four collectors in the country who were likely 
 to have such an h(;ir-loom. To one living at a considtirabh; distance from 
 New York I took the liberty of addressing a letter on the subjt^ct, wlirnun I 
 made known my difficulties. To my great gratification this courteous and 
 confiding gentleman not only innnediately made answer, but sent a ])erfect 
 copy of this rare and much wanti^d book for my use. I innnediately had the 
 
 517 
 
110 NOTES. 
 
 portrait and map reproduced by the photo-lithographic process. During 
 the time the book was in my possession, which was about ten days, so 
 fearful was I that any harm should befall it that I took the precaution to 
 wrap up the precious little volume in tissue paper and cany it about with 
 me all the time in my side pocket, well knowing that if it was either injured 
 or lost I covild not replace it. I understand that a perfect copy of the 
 original in the London market would bring fifty pounds sterling. I had 
 the satisfaction to learn it reached the generous owner in safety. 
 
 Had I known the difficulties I had to encounter of procuring a copy of 
 the original of Alsop's singular performance, I most certainly would never 
 have undertaken to reproduce it in America. Mr. Jared Sparks told me 
 that he had a like difficulty to encounter when he vindertook to write the 
 life of Ledyard the traveler. Said he : " a copy of his journal I could find 
 nowhere to purchase, at length I was compelled to borrow a copy on very 
 humiliating conditions ; the owner perhaps valued it too highly." I may 
 add that I had nearly as much difficulty in securing an editor, as I had in pro- 
 curing a perfect copy. However on this point I at last was very fortunate. 
 
 William Gowans. 
 
 115 Nassau street, March 23d, 1869. 
 
 Note 3, 'page 19. 
 
 Cecilius, Lord Baltimore, eldest son of George Calvert, 1st Lord Baltimore, 
 and Anne Wynne of Hertingfordbury, England, was born in 1606. He 
 succeeded to the title April 15, 1632, and married Anne, daughter of Lord 
 Arundel, whose name was given to a county in Maryland. His rule over 
 Maryland, disturbed in Cromwell's time, but restored under Charles II, has 
 always been extolled. He died Nov. 30, 1675, covered with age and repu- 
 tation. — O'Callaghan's N. T. Col. Doc, ii. p. 74. 
 
 Note 3, page 19. 
 
 Avalon, the territory in Newfoundland, of which the first Lord Baltimore 
 obtained a grant in 1623, derived its name from the spot in England where, 
 as tradition said, Christianity was first preached by Joseph of Arimathea. 
 
 Note 4:,page 21. 
 
 Owen Feltham, as our author in his errata correctly gives the name, was 
 an author who enjoyed a great reputation in his day. His Resolves appeared 
 first about 1620, and in 1696 had reached the eleventh edition. They were 
 once reprinted in the 18th century, and in full or in part four times in the 
 
 518 
 
NOTES. Ill 
 
 19th, and an edition appeared in America about 1830. Hallam in spite of 
 this popularity calls him " labored, artificial and shallow." 
 
 Note 5, page 24. 
 
 Burning on the hand was not so much a punishment as a mark on those 
 who, convicted of felony, pleaded the benefit of clergy, which they were 
 allowed to do once only. 
 
 Note 6, page 25. 
 Literally : " Good wine needs no sign." 
 
 Note 7, page 26. 
 
 Billingsgate is the great fish market of London, and the scurrilous 
 tongues of the fish women have made the word synonymous with vulgar 
 abuse. 
 
 Note 8, page 28. 
 
 Alsop though cautiously avoiding Maryland politics, omits no fling at the 
 Puritans. Pride was a parliament colonej famous for Pride's Purge. 
 
 Notes 9, 10, pages 31, 33. 
 
 William Bogherst, and H. W., Master of Arts, have eluded all our efforts 
 to immortalize them. 
 
 Note 11, page Z5. 
 1 Chesapeake is said to be K'tchisipik, Great Water, in AlgonqmnN 
 
 Note 13, page 38. 
 
 Less bombast and some details as to the botany of Maryland would have 
 been preferable. 
 
 Note 13, page 39. 
 
 The American deer {Cariacus Virginianus) is hero evidently meant. 
 
 619 
 
112 NOTES. 
 
 Note 14, page 39. 
 
 Whetston's (Whetstone) park : " A dilapidated street in Lincoln's Inn 
 Fields, at the back of Holborn. It contains scarcely anything but old, half- 
 tumble down houses ; not a living plant of any kind adorns its nakedness, 
 so it is presumable that as a park it never had an existence, or one so remote 
 that even tradition has lost sight of the fact." 
 
 Note 15, page 39. 
 
 The animals here mentioned are the black wolf (canis occidentalis), the 
 black bear, the panther {felis concolor). 
 
 Note 16, page 40. 
 
 These animals are well known, the elk {alces Americanus), cat o' the 
 mountain or catamount {felis concolor), raccoon (procyon lotor), fox {mdpes 
 fuhus), beaver {castor fiber), otter {lutra), opossum {didelphys Virginiana), 
 hare, squirrel, musk-rat {fiber zibethicus). The monack is apparently the 
 Maryland marmot or woodchuck {arctomys monax). 
 
 Note 17, page 40. 
 
 The domestic animals came chiefly from Virginia. As early as May 27, 
 1634, they got 100 swine from Accomac, with 30 cows, and they expected 
 goats and hens {Relation of Maryland, 1634). Horses and sheep had to be 
 imported from England, Virginia being unable to give any. Yet in 1679 
 Dankers and Sluyters, the Labadists, say : " Sheep they have none." — 
 Collections Long Island Hist. Soc, i, p. 218. 
 
 Note IS, page 41. 
 
 Alluding to the herds of swine kept by the Gadarenes, into one of which 
 the Saviour allowed the devil named Legion to enter. 
 
 Note 19, page 42. 
 
 The abundance of these birds is mentioned in the Relations of Maryland, 
 1634, p. 22, and 1635, p. 23. The Labadists with whose travels the Hon. 
 
 520 
 
NOTES. 113 
 
 n. C. Murpliy has enriched our literature, found the geese in 1679-80 so 
 plentiful and noisy as to prevent their sleeping, and the ducks filling the 
 sky like a cloud. — Loiiff Island Hint. Coll., i, pp. 195, 204. 
 
 J^ote 30, 2^(t'ffC 43. 
 
 Alsop makes no allusion to the cultivation of maize, yet the Lahadists 
 less than twenty years after describe it at length as the principal grain 
 crop of Maryland. — lb., ]). 216. 
 
 I^ote 21, ^)rt^e 45. 
 
 Considering the facts of history, this picture is sadly overdrawn, Maryland 
 having had its full share of civil war. 
 
 I^ote 22, imge AG. 
 
 The fifth monarchy men were a set of religionists who arose during the 
 Puritan rule in England. They believed in a fifth universal monarchy of 
 which Christ was to be the head, under whom they, his saints, were to 
 possess the earth. In 1660 they caused an outbreak in London, in which 
 many were killed and others tried and executed. Their leader was one 
 Venn<;r. The Adamites, a gnostic sect, who pretended that regenerated 
 man should go naked like Adam and Eve in their state of innocence, were 
 revived during the Pviritan rule in England ; and in our time in December, 
 1867, we have seen the same theory held and practiced in Newark, N. J. 
 
 mte 23, page 46. 
 
 In the provisional act, passed in the first assembly, March 19, 1688, and 
 entitled "An Act ordaining certain laws for the government of this pro- 
 vince," the twelfth section required that "every person planting tobacco 
 shall plant and tend two acres of corn." A special act was introduced the 
 same session and read twice, but not i)assed. A new law was j)assed, how- 
 ever, Oct. 23, 1640, n-newed Aug. 1. 1642, April 21, 1649, Oct. 20, 1654, 
 April 12, 1(562, and mad(^ periietual in 1676. These acts imposed a fine of 
 fifty i)()unds of tobacco tor every half acre tlie offender fell short, Ix-sides 
 fifty pounds of the same current leaf as constables' fees. It was to this 
 jKjrsistent enforcement of the cultivation of cereals that Maryland so soon 
 became the granary of New England. 
 
 15 r.2i 
 
114 NOTES. 
 
 Note 24, page 47. 
 
 The Assembly, or House of Burgesses, at first consisted of all freemen, but 
 tbey gradually gave place to delegates. The influence of the proprietary, 
 however, decided the selection. In 1650 fourteen burgesses met as dele- 
 gates or representatives of the several hundreds, there being but two 
 counties organized, St. Marys and the Isle of Kent. Ann Arundel, called 
 at times Providence county, was erected April 29, 1650. Patuxent was 
 erected under Cromwell in 1654. — Bacon's Laics of Maryland, 1765. 
 
 Note 25, page 47. 
 
 Things had changed when the Sot Weed Factor appeared, as the author 
 of that satirical poem dilates on the litigious character of the people. 
 
 Note 26, page 47. 
 The allusion here I have been unable to discover. 
 
 Note 27, page 48. 
 
 The colony seems to have justified some of this eulogy by its good order, 
 which is the more remarkable, considering the height of party feeling. 
 
 Note 28, page 48. 
 
 Halberdeers ; the halberd was smaller than the partisan, with a sharp 
 pointed blade, with a point on one side like a pole-axe. 
 
 Note 29, 2yage 49. 
 Newgate, Ludgate and Bridewell are the well known London prisons. 
 
 Note 30, page 50. 
 
 Our author evidently failed from this cause. 
 
 522 
 
NOTES. 115 
 
 A fling at the various Puritan schools, then active at home and abroad. 
 
 Wote 32, pnge 50. 
 
 The first Quakers in Maiylaud were Elizabeth Harris, Josiah Cole, and 
 Thomas Tliurston, who visited it in 1G57, but as early as July 2'i, 1659, the 
 governor and council issued an order to seize any Quakers and whip them 
 from constable to constable out of the province. Yet in spite of this they 
 had settled meetings as early as 1661, and Peter Sharpc, the Quaker 
 physician, appears as a landholder in 1605, the very year of Alsop's publi- 
 cation. — j^onis, Early Friends or Quakers in Maryland (Maryland Hist. 
 Soc, March, 18G3). 
 
 Note 33, page 50. 
 
 The Baptists centering in Rhode Island, extended across Long Island to 
 New Jersey, and thence to New York city ; but at this time had not reached 
 the south. 
 
 Note 34, page 56. 
 
 A copy of the usual articles is given in the introduction. Alsop here refutes 
 current charges against the Marylanders for their treatment of servants. 
 Hammond, in his Leah and Rachel, p. 12, says : " The labour servants are 
 put to is not so hard, nor of such continuance as husbandmen nor hande- 
 craftmen are kept at in England. .... The women are not (as is reported) 
 put into the ground to worke, but occupie such domestic imployments and 
 housewifery as in England." 
 
 Note 35, page 59. 
 
 Laws as to the treatment of servants were passed in the Provisional act 
 of 1638, and at many subsequent assi-mblies. 
 
 Notes 36, 37, pages 59, 61. 
 
 Lewknors lane or Cliarles street was in Drury lane, in tlie parisli of St. 
 Giles. — Seymour's History of London, ii, p. 767. Finsbury is still a well 
 known quarter, in St. Luke's parish, Middlesex. 
 
 52.3 
 
116 NOTES. 
 
 Note 38, pmje 65. 
 
 Nicholas Culpepper, " student in pliysic and astrology," whose EnglUh 
 Physician, published in 1653, ran through many editions, and is still a book 
 published and sold. 
 
 Note 39, j)age 65. 
 
 Dogs dung, used in dressing morocco, is euphemized into alhtim grcecum, 
 and is also called 'pure ; those who gather it being still styled in England 
 pure-finders. — Mayhew, London Lcibor and London Poor, ii, p. 158. 
 
 Note 40, page 65. 
 
 He has not mentioned tobacco as a crop, but describes it fully a few pages 
 after. In Maryland as in Virginia it was the currency. Thus in 1638 an 
 act authorized the erection of a water-mill to supersede hand-mills for 
 grinding grain, and the cost was limited to 20,000 lbs. of tobacco. — MeSherry's 
 History of Maryland, p. 56. The Labadists in their Travels (p. 216) 
 describe the cultivation at length. Tobacco at this time paid two shillings 
 English a cask export duty in Maryland, and two-pence a pound duty on 
 its arrival in England, besides weighing and other fees. 
 
 Note 41, page 66. 
 
 The Parson of Pancras is unknown to me : but the class he represents is 
 certainly large. 
 
 Note 42, page 66. 
 
 The buffalo was not mentioned in the former list, and cannot be consi- 
 dered as synonpuous with elk. 
 
 Note 43, page 67. 
 
 For satisfactory and correct information of the present commerce and 
 condition of Maryland, the reader is referred to the Census of the United 
 States in 4 vols., 4to, published at Washington, 1865. 
 
 5^ 
 
NOTES. 117 
 
 Note 44, page 69. 
 
 This is a curious observation as to New England trade. A century later 
 Hutchinson represents Massachusetts as receiving Maryland flour from the 
 Pennsylvania mills, and paying in money and bills of exchange. — Hist, of 
 Massachusetts, p. ii, 397. 
 
 Note 45, j)age 69. 
 
 The trade with Barbadoes, now insignificant, was in our colonial times 
 of great importance to all the colonies. Barbadoes is densely peopled and 
 thoroughly cultivated ; its imports and exports are each about five millions 
 of dollars annuallv. 
 
 Note AQ, page 71. 
 
 The Susquehannas. This Relation is one of the most valuable portions 
 of Alsop's tract, as no other Maryland document gives as much concerning 
 this tribe, which nevertheless figures extensively in Maryland annals. 
 Dutch and Swedish writers speak of a tribe called Mincjuas (Minquosy, 
 Machceretini in De Laet, p. 76) ; the French in Canada {Chamjilain, the 
 Jesuit Relations, Gendron, Particularitez dw Pays des Ilurons, p. 7, etc.), 
 make frequent allusion to the Gandastogues (more briefly Andastes), a tribe 
 friendly to their allies the Hurons, and sturdy enemies of the Iroquois ; 
 later still Pennsylvania writers speak of the Conestogas, the tribe to wliich 
 Logan belonged, and the tribe which perished at the hands of the Paxton 
 boys. Altliough Gallatin in his map, followed by Bancroft, placed the 
 Andastes near Lake Erie, my researches led me to correct this, and identify 
 the Susquehannas, Minqua, Andastes or Gandastogues and Conestogas as 
 being all the same tribe, the first name being a])})arently an appellation 
 given them by the Virginia tribes ; the second that given them by the 
 Algonquins on the Delaware ; while Gandastogue as the French, or Cones- 
 toga as the English wrote it, was their own tribal name, meaning cabin- 
 pole men, Natio Perticarum, from Andasta, a cabin-])ole (niai) in Creuxius, 
 Historia Canadensis). I forwarded a paper on the 8ubjt.'ct to Mr. School- 
 craft, for insertion in the government work issuing under his supervision. 
 It was inserted in the last volume without my name, and ostensibly as Mr. 
 Schoolcraft's. I then gav»3 it with my name in the Historical Magazine, 
 vol. II, p. 294. The result arrived at there has been accepted by Bancroft, 
 in his large paper edition, by Parkman, in his Jesuits in the Wilderness, by 
 Dr. O'Callaghan, S. F. Streeter, Esq., of the Maryland Historical Society, 
 and students generally. 
 
118 NOTES. 
 
 From the Virginian, Dutch, Swedish and French authorities, we can thus 
 give tlaeir history briefly. 
 
 The territory now called Canada, and most of the northern portion of the 
 United States, from Lake Superior and the Mississippi to the mouth of the 
 St. Lawrence and Chesapeake bay were, wlien discovered by Europeans, 
 occupied by two families of tribes, the Algonquin and the Huron Iroquois. 
 The former which included all the New England tribes, the Micmacs, Mohe- 
 gans, Delawares, Illinois, Chippewas, Ottawas, Pottawatamies, Sacs, Foxes, 
 Miamis, and many of the Maryland and Virginian tribes surrounded the 
 more powerful and civilized tribes who have been called Huron Iroquois, 
 from the names of the two most powerful nations of the group, the Hurons 
 or Wyandots of Upper Canada, and the Iroquois or Five Nations of New 
 York. Besides these the group included the Neuters on the Niagara, the 
 Dinondadies in Upper Canada, the Eries south of the lake of that name, 
 the Andastogues or Susquehannas on that river, the Nottaways and some 
 other Virginian tribes, and finally the Tuscaroras in North Carolina and 
 perhaps the Cherokees, whose language presents many striking points of 
 similarity. 
 
 Both these groups of tribes claimed a western origin, and seem, in their 
 progress east, to have driven out of Ohio the Quappas^ called by the 
 Algonquins, Alkansas or Allegewi, who retreated down the Ohio and 
 Mississippi to the district which has preserved the name given them by the 
 Algonquins. 
 
 After planting themselves on the Atlantic border, the various tribes 
 seem to have soon divided and become embroiled in war. The Iroquois, at 
 first inferior to the Algonquins were driven out of the valley of the St. 
 Lawrence into the lake region of New York, where by greater cultivation, 
 valor and union they soon became superior to the Algonquins of Canada 
 and New York, as the Susquehannas who settled on the Susquehanna did 
 over the tribes in New Jersey, Maryland and Virginia. {Du Ponceau's 
 Campanius, p. 158.) Prior to 1600 the Susquehannas and the Mohawks, 
 the most eastern Iroquois tribe, came into collision, and the Susquehannas 
 nearly exterminated the Mohawks in a war which lasted ten years. {Rela- 
 tion de la Nouv. France, 1659-60, p. 28.) 
 
 In 1608 Captain Smith, in exploring the Chesapeake and its tributaries, 
 met a party of sixty of these Sasquesahanocks as he calls them (i, p. 120-1), 
 and he states that they were still at war with the Massawomekes or 
 Mohawks. {De Laet Noviis Orbis, p. 79.) 
 
 DeVries, in his Voyages (Murphy's translation, p. 41-3), found them in 
 1633 at war with the Armewamen and Sankiekans, Algonquin tribes on the 
 Delaware, maintaining their supremacy by butchery. They were friendly 
 to the Dutch. When the Swedes in 1638 settled on the Delaware, they 
 renewed the friendly intercourse begun by the Dutch. They purchased 
 lands of the ruling tribe and thus secured their friendship. {Hazard's 
 Annals, p. 48). They carried the terror of their arms southward also, and 
 
NOTES. 119 
 
 in 1634 to 1644 they waged war on the Yaomacoes, the Piscataways and 
 Patuxents {Bozman's Maryland, ii, p. 161), and were so troublesome that in 
 1643 Governor Calvert, by proclamation, declared them public enemies. 
 
 When the Hurons in Upper Canada in 1647 began to sink under the 
 fearful blows dealt by the Five Nations, the Susquehannas sent an embassy 
 to offer them aid against the common enemy. {Gendron, Quclqves Particu- 
 laritez du Pays des Hurons, p. 7), Nor was the offer one of little value, 
 for the Susquehannas could put in the field 1,300 Avarriors {Relation de la 
 Nouvelle France, 1647-8, p. 58) trained to the use of fire arms and European 
 modes of war by three Swedish soldiers whom they had obtained to instruct 
 them. {Proud's Pennsylvania, i, p. Ill ; Bozman's Maryland, ii, p. 37^, 
 Before interposing in the Avar, they began by negotiation, and sent an 
 embassy to Onondaga to urge the cantons to ])eace. {Relation, 1648, p. 58). 
 The Iroquois refused, and the Hurons, sunk in apathy, took no active steps 
 to secure the aid of the frienrlly Sustjuehaunas. 
 
 That tribe, however, maintained its friendly intercourse with its European 
 neighbors, and in 1653 Sawahegeh, Auroghteregh, Scarhuhadigh, Rutchogah 
 and Nathheldianeh, in presence of a Swedish deputy, ceded to Maryland 
 all the territory from the Patuxent river to Palmer's island, and from the 
 Choptauk to the northeast branch north of Elk river. {Bozman's Maryland, 
 II, p. 683). 
 
 Four years later the Iroquois, grown insolent by their success in almost 
 annihilating their kindred tribes north and south of Lake Erie, the Wyan- 
 dots, Dinondadies, Neuters and Fries, provoked a war with the Susque- 
 hannas, plundering their hunters on Lake Ontario. {Relation de la Noutelle 
 France, 1657, pp. 11, 18). 
 
 It was at this important period in their history that Alsop knew and 
 described them to us. 
 
 In 1661 the small-pox, that scourge of the native tribes, broke out in their 
 town, sweeping off many and enfeel)ling the nation terribly. War had 
 now begim in earnest with the Five Nations ; and though the Susqueliannas 
 had some of their people killed near their town {Hazard's Annals, 341-7), 
 they in turn pressed the Cayugas so hard that some of them retreated 
 across Lake Ontario to Canada {Relation de la Nouvelle France, 1661, p. 39, 
 1668, p. 30). They also kept the Senecas in such alarm that they no longer 
 ventured to carry their peltries to New York, except in caravans escorted 
 by six hundred men, wlio even took a most circuitous route. {Relation, 1661, 
 p. 40). A law of Maryland passed May 1, 1661, authorized the governor to 
 aid the Susquehannas. 
 
 Smarting under constant defeat, the Five Nations solicited French aid 
 {Relation de la Nouvelle France, 1663-3. p. 11, 1663^, j). 33 ; Charlevoix, ii, 
 p. 134), but in April, 1663, the Western cantons raised an anny of eight 
 hundred men to invest and storm tlie fort of tlie Susciuchannas. They 
 embarked on Lake Ontario, according to the French account, and then went 
 overland to the Susquehanna. On reaching the fort, liowever, tliey found 
 
120 NOTES. 
 
 it well defended on tlie river side, and on the land side with two bastions in 
 European style with cannon mounted and connected by a double curtain of 
 large trees. After some trifling skirmishes the Iroquois had recourse to 
 stratagem. They sent in a party of twenty-five men to treat of peace and 
 ask provisions to enable them to return. The Susquehannas admitted them, 
 but immediately burned them all alive before the eyes of their countrymen. 
 {Relation de la Nouvelle France, 1663, p. 10). The Pennsylvania writers, 
 {Hazai'd's Annals of Pennsylvania, p. 346) make the Iroquois force one 
 thousand six hundred, and that of the Susquehannas only one hundred. 
 They add that when the Iroquois retreated, the Susquehannas pursued 
 them, killing ten and taking as many. 
 
 After this the war was carried on in small parties, and Susquehanna 
 prisoners were from time to time burned at Oneida, Onondaga, Seneca and 
 Cayuga {Relations de la Nouvelle France, 1668 to 1673), and their prisoners 
 doubtless at Canoge on the Susquehanna. In the fall of 1669 the Susque- 
 hannas, after defeating the Cayiigas, oflfered peace, but the Cayugas put 
 their ambassador and his nephew to death, after retaining him five or sis 
 months ; the Oneidas having taken nine Susquehannas and sent some to 
 Cayuga, with forty wampum belts to maintain the war. {Relation de la 
 Nouvelle France, 1670, p. 68.) 
 
 At this time the great war chief of the Susquehannas was one styled 
 Hochitagete or Barefoot {Relation de la Nouvelle France, 1 670, p. 47) ; and 
 raving women and crafty medicine men deluded the Iroquois with promises 
 of his capture and execution at the stake {Relation, 1670, p. 47), and a 
 famous medicine man of Oneida appeared after death to order his body to 
 be taken up and interred on the trail leading to the Susquehannas as the 
 only means of saving that canton from ruin. {Relatioji, 1672, p. 20.) 
 
 Towards the summer of 1672 a body of forty Cayugas descended the 
 Susquehanna in canoes, and twenty Senecas went by land to attack the 
 Susquehannas in their fields ; but a band of sixty Andaste or Susquehanna 
 boys, the oldest not over sixteen, attacked the Senecas, and routed them, 
 killing one brave and taking another. Flushed with victory they pushed 
 on to attack the Cayugas, and defeated them also, killing eight and woimd- 
 ing with arrow, knife and hatchet, fifteen or sixteen more, losing, however, 
 fifteen or sixteen of their gallant band. {Relation, 1672, p. 24.)" 
 
 At this time the Susquehannas or Andastes were so reduced by war and 
 pestilence that they could muster only three hundred warriors. In 1675, 
 however, the Susquehannas were completely overthrown {Etat Present, 
 1675, manuscript ; Relation, 1676, p. 2 ; Relations 'Inedites, ii, p. 44 ; Gol- 
 den' s Five Nations, i, p. 126), but unfortunately we have no details whatever 
 as to the forces which effected it, or the time or manner of tlieir utter defeat. 
 
 A party of about one hundred retreated into Maryland, and occupied 
 some abandoned Indian forts. Accused of the murder of some settlers, 
 apparently slain by the Senecas, they sent five of their chiefs to the Mary- 
 laud and Virginia troops, under Washington and Brent, who went out in 
 
 528 
 
NOTES. 
 
 121 
 
 pursxiit. Although coming as deputies, and showing the Baltimore medal 
 and certificate of friendship, these chiefs were cruelly pnt to death. The 
 enraged Susquehannas- then began a terrible border war, which was kept 
 till their utter destruction (S. F. Streeter's Destruction of the Susquehannas, 
 Historical Magazine, i, p. 65). The rest of the tribe, after making overtures 
 to Lord Baltimore, submitted to the Five Nations, and were allowed to 
 retain their ancient grounds. When Pennsylvania was settled, they became 
 known as Conestogas, and were always friendly to the colonists of Penn, as 
 they had been to the Dutch and Swedes. In 1701 Canoodagtoh, their king, 
 made a treaty with Penn, and in the document they are styled Minquas, 
 Conestogos or Susquehannas. They appear as a tribe in a treaty in 1742, 
 but were dwindling away. In 1763 the feeble remnant of the tribe became 
 involved in the general suspicion (mtertained by the colonists against the 
 red men, arising out of massacres on the borders. To escape danger the 
 poor creatures took refuge in Lancaster jail, and here they were all 
 butchered by the Paxton boys, who burst into the place. Parkman in his 
 Conspiracy of Pontiac, p. 414, details the sad story. 
 
 The last interest of this unfortunate tribe centres in Logan, the friend of 
 the white man, whose speech is so familiar to all, that we must regret that 
 it has not sustained the historical scrutiny of Brantz Mayer {Tahgahjute ; 
 or, Logan and Capt. Michael Cresap, Maryland Hist. Soc, May, 1851 ; and 
 8vo, Albany, 1867). Logan was a Conestoga, in other words a Susquehanna. 
 
 Note ^1, page 71. 
 
 The language of the Susquehannas, as Smith remarks, differed from that 
 of the Virginian tribes generally. As already stated, it was one of the 
 dialects of the Huron-Iroquois, and its relation to other members of the 
 family may be seen by the following table of the numerals : 
 
 
 Susquehanna 
 or Minqua. 
 
 Hochelaga. 
 
 Huron. 
 
 Mohawk. 
 
 Onondaga. 
 
 1. 
 
 Onskat, 
 
 Segada, 
 
 Eskate, 
 
 Easka, 
 
 Unskat. 
 
 2. 
 
 Tiggene, 
 
 Tigneny, 
 
 Teni, 
 
 Tekeni, 
 
 Tegiii. 
 
 3. 
 
 Axe, 
 
 Asche, 
 
 Hachin, 
 
 Aghsea, 
 
 Achcn. 
 
 4. 
 
 Raiene, 
 
 Honnacon, 
 
 Dae, 
 
 Kieri, 
 
 Gaycri. 
 
 5. 
 
 Wisck, 
 
 Ouiscon, 
 
 Ouyclie, 
 
 Wisk, 
 
 Wisk. 
 
 6. 
 
 Jaiack, 
 
 Indahir, 
 
 Houliahea, 
 
 Yayak, 
 
 Ilaiak. 
 
 7. 
 
 Tzadack, 
 
 Ayaga, 
 
 Sotaret, 
 
 Jatak, 
 
 Toliiatak. 
 
 8. 
 
 Tickerom, 
 
 Addegue, 
 
 Attaret, 
 
 Satcgo, 
 
 Tegeron. 
 
 9. 
 
 Waderom, 
 
 Madellon, 
 
 Nechon, 
 
 Tiyohto, 
 
 Waderom, 
 
 10. 
 
 A8.san, 
 
 Assem, 
 15 
 
 52l» 
 
 Oyeri. 
 
 
122 NOTES. 
 
 Note 48, imge 73. 
 
 Smith thus describes tliem : " Sixty of those Sasquesahanocks came to vs 
 with skins, Bowes, Arrows, Targets, Beads, swords and Tobacco pipes for 
 presents. Such great and well proportioned men are seldome seene, for 
 they seemed like Giants to the English ; yea and to the neighbours, yet 
 seemed of an honest and simple disposition, with much adoe restrained 
 from adoring vs as Gods. Those are the strangest people of all those 
 Countries, both in language and attire ; for their language it may well 
 beseeme their proportions, sounding from them as a voyce in a vault. 
 Their attire is the skinnes of Beares, and Woolues, some have Cassacks 
 made of Beares heads and skinnes, that a mans head goes through the 
 skinnes neck, and the eares of the Beare fastened to his shoulders, the nose 
 and teeth hanging downe his breast, another Beares face split behind him, 
 and at the end of the Nose hung a Pawe, the halfe sleeues comming to the 
 elbowes were the neckes of Beares and the armes through the mouth with 
 the pawes hanging at their noses. One had the head of a Wolfe hanging 
 in a chaine for a lewell, his tobacco pipe three-quarters of a yard long, 
 prettily carued with a Bird, a Deere or some such devise at the great end, 
 sufficient to beat out ones braines ; with Bowes, Arrowes and Clubs, suitable 
 to their greatnesse. They are scarce known to Powhatan. They can 
 make near 60Q able men, and are palisadoed in their Townes to defend 
 them from the Massawomekes, their mortal enemies. Five of their chief 
 Werowances came aboord vs and crossed the Bay in their Barge. The 
 picture of the greatest of them is signified in the Mappe. The calfe of 
 whose leg was three-quarters of a yard about, and all the rest of his limbes 
 so answerable to that proportion, that he seemed the goodliest man we ever 
 beheld. His hayre, the one side was long, the other shore close with a 
 ridge over his crowne like a cocks combe. His arrowes were five-quarters 
 long, headed with the splinters of a white christall-like stone, in form of a 
 heart, an inch broad, and an inch and a halfe or more long. These he wore 
 in a Woolues skinne at his backe for his quiver, his bow in one hand and 
 his club in the other, as described." — Smith's Voyages (Am. ed.), i, p. 119-20. 
 Tattooing referred to by our author, was an ancient Egyptian custom, and 
 is still retained by the women. See Lane's Modern Egyptians, etc. It was 
 forbidden to the Jews in Leviticus, 19 : 28. 
 
 Note 49, page 74. 
 
 Purchas, his Pilgrimage, or Relations of the World, and the Religions 
 observed in all Ages and Places discovered, from the Creation unto this 
 present," 1 vol., folio, 1613. In spite of Alsop, Pui-chas is still highly 
 esteemed. 
 
 530 
 
NOTES, 123 
 
 Note 50, page 75. 
 
 As to their treatment of prisoners, see Lafitau, Moeurs des Sauvages, ii, 
 p. 260. 
 
 Note 51, pa^e 75. 
 
 Smith thns locates their town : " The Sasquesahannocks inhabit vpon the 
 cheefe spring of these foure branches of the Bayes head, one day's journey 
 higher than our barge could passe for rocks," vol. i, p. 182. Campanius 
 thus describes their town, which he represents as twelve miles from New 
 Sweden : " They live on a high mountain, very steep and difficult to climb ; 
 there they have a fort or square building, surrounded with palisades. There 
 they have guns and small iron cannon, with which they shoot and defend 
 themselves, and take with them when they go to war." — Campanius' s Nye 
 Scerige, p. 181 ; Du Ponceau's translation, p. 158. A view of a Sasquesa- 
 hannock town is given in Montanus, De Nieuice en Onbekende Weereld 
 (1671), ]). 186, based evidently on Smith. De Lisle's Map, dated June, 1718, 
 lays down Canoge, Fort des Indiens Andastes ou Susquehanocs at about 
 40° N. ; but 1 find the name nowhere else. 
 
 Note 52, 2yige 77. 
 
 Scalping was practiced by the Scythians. {Herodotus, book iv, and in the 
 second book of Macchabecs, vii, 4, 7). Antiochus is said to have caused two 
 of the seven Macchabee brothers to be scalped. " The skin of the head with 
 the hairs being drawn off." The torture of prisoners as here described 
 originated with the Ircxjuois, and spread to nearly all the North American 
 tribes. It was this that led the Algoncjuins to give the Iroquois tribes the 
 names Magoue, Nadoue or Nottaway, which signified cruel. Lafitau, 
 Moeurs des Sauvages, ii, p. 287. 
 
 Note 58, page 78. 
 
 The remarks here as to rtligion are vague. Tlie Iroquois iuid IIuidiis 
 ref'ogni'/.ed Aireskoi or Agreskoe, as the great deity, styling him also 
 Teharonhiawagon. As to thi; Ilurons, see Sngard, Ilistoirc da (laiuida, 
 p. 485. The sacrifice of a child, as noted by Alsop, was unknown in tlie 
 other tribes of this race, and is not mentioned by Campanius in regard to 
 this one. 
 
124 NOTES. 
 
 Note 54, 2Mge 78. 
 
 The priests were the medicine men in all probability ; no author men- 
 tioning any class that can be regarded properly as priests. 
 
 Note 55, 2)age 78. 
 
 The burial rites here described resemble those of the Iroquois {Lafitau, 
 Moeurs des Sauvages, ii, pp. 389, 407) and of the Hurons, as described by 
 Sagard {Histoire du Canada, p. 702) in the manner of placing the dead 
 body in a sitting posture ; but there it was wrapped in furs, encased in bark 
 and set upon a scaffold till the feast of the dead. 
 
 Note 56, page 79. 
 
 Sagard, in his Huron Dictionary, gives village, andata ; he is in the fort 
 or village, andatagon ; which is equivalent to Connadago, nd and nn being 
 frequently used for each other. 
 
 Note 57, imge 80. 
 
 For the condition of the women in a kindred tribe, compare Sagard, 
 Histoire du Canada, p. 373 ; Grand Voyage, p. 180 ; Perrot, Moeui's et 
 Const umes des Sauvages, p. 30. 
 
 Note 58, page 80. 
 
 Among the Iroquois the husband elect went to the wife's cabin and sat 
 down on' the mat opposite the fire. If she accepted him she presented him 
 a bowl of hominy and sat down beside him, turning modestly away. He 
 then ate some and soon after retired. — Lafitau, Moeurs des Sauvages, i, 
 p, 566. 
 
 Note 59, page 81. 
 
 Sagard, in his Histoire du Canada, p. 185, makes a similar remark as to 
 the Hurons, a kindred tribe, men and women acting as here stated, and he 
 says that in this they resembled the ancient Egyptians. Compare Henne- 
 pin, Moeurs des Sauvages, p. 54 ; Description d'un Pays plus grand que 
 r Europe, Voyages au Nord, v, p. 341. 
 
 5.32 
 
NOTES. 125 
 
 Note 60, page 96. 
 
 Tliis characteristic of the active trading propensities of tlie early settlers 
 will apply to the present race of Americans in a fourfold degree. 
 
 Note 61, page 96. 
 
 One who brought goods to Maryland without following such advice as 
 Alsop gives, describes in Hudibrastic verse his doleful story in the Sot Weed 
 Factor, recently reprinted. 
 
 Note 63, page 96. 
 For an account of this gentleman, see ante, p. 13. 
 
 Note 63, page 97. 
 
 The rebellion in Maryland, twice alluded to by our author in his letters, 
 was a very trifling matter. On the restoration of Charles II, Lord Baltimore 
 sent over his brother Philip Calvert as governor, with authority to proc(;ed 
 against Governor Fendall, who, false alike to all parties, was now scheming 
 to overthrow the proprietary government. The new governor was in- 
 structed on no account to permit Fendall to escape with liis life ; but Philip 
 Calvert was more clement than Lord Baltimore, and though Fendall made 
 a fruitless effort to excite the people to opposition, he was, on his voluntary 
 submission, punished by a merely short imprisonment. Tliis clemency he 
 repaid by a subsequent attempt to excite a rebelhon. — McMaJion's History 
 of Maryland, pp. 213-14, citing Council Proceedings from 1656 to 1668, 
 liber H. H., 74 to 83. 
 
 THE END. 
 
 .-jas 
 
1869.] 
 
 GOWANS. 
 
 [No. 27. 
 
 CATALOGUE 
 
 OF 
 
 AME RICAN BOOKS, 
 
 Foi^ Sale at the affixed Prices. 
 
 ST0RE--115 NASSAU STREET, NEW YORK. 
 
 (BETWEEN ANN AND BEEKMAN STS.) 
 
 Let others in false PleoMire's court befvund, 
 But may 1 ne'er be whirled the giddy roxmd; 
 Let me ascend tvith Genius'' rapid flight. 
 Till the fair hill of Science meets my sight. 
 Blest with a jnlot toho my feet tvill guide. 
 Direct my tvay. whene'er I step aside ; 
 May one bright ray of Science on me shine. 
 And be the gift of learning ever mine. 
 
 LucEETiA M. Davidson. 
 
 Public Librabies. — In all lln l(tr(iir towns of Francf thi-n- are e.rrfjli/il pnhlic libraries, arranged 
 in spacious rooms, irilli saliir/i d lihrnridDs, every accoiiimoiliilitni fur ri ail< rs\ (unl < r, rii il/s))osition to 
 assist them. J could not rixi/ tln-xf tihra ries without ivishi mi lliat st'i/i//iir instil itfioits ciinhl !>• introduced 
 in the principal towns of England, for in a counti-y where there are so many persons whos, I'lrciniisttmces 
 allow them leisure, tchere education is more and more diffused every day, and in ti/ih x n-h, n //>> /)\t 
 minds are on the stir, the easy access to books, in every part of the kingdom, could not hut iiror, at once 
 agreeable and beneficial. The encouragement of such an object would be a wise application of public 
 nwney Knight's Touk in Normandy. 
 
 fA 
 
CATALOGUE. 
 
 ABERCROMBIE, JAMES. Sermon on the Fast, 1798. Sermon on the death of 
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 Clerical intrigue and Ecclesiastical Oppression. Svo, pp. 233, $2. 
 
 Boston, 1827 
 
 ADAMS, JOHN (Second President of the United States). The works of, with 
 a life of the Author, Notes and Hlustrations by his Grandson, Charles Francis 
 Adams. Portrait, 10 vols., 8vo, cloth, $20. Boston, 1850 
 
 ADAMS, JOHN QUINCY. Report of the Secretary of State upon Weights and 
 Measures, prepared in obedience to a resolution of the House of December 14, 
 1819. 8vo, pp. 245, |2. Washington, 1821 
 
 ADDRESSES. By Drs. Park, Post and Baron. Svo, pp. 133, $1. N. Y., 1854 
 
 J3NE AS and Dido, the story of, Burlesqued. From the Fourth Book of the OSneid 
 of Virgil. Vive La Bagatelle. 18mo, pp. 94 (Printed and sold by Robert Wells), 
 
 Charleston, S. C, 1774 
 This little volume is priuted in as handsome a style as was then done in either Philadel- 
 phia, New York or Boston, and the paper is much superior to what was then used by 
 publishers in these three villages, the principal places where printing was carried on in the 
 colonies. It proves that printing in ttie south had at an early date arrived at a state of 
 comparative perfection that none appear to have been aware of. . Western Memorabilia. 
 
 ^SOP'S FABLES and other allegorical writings by Croxall, with rude engrav- 
 ings. 12mo, pp. 366. Phila., 1788 
 This undoubtedly is the first American edition of this well known book, and as such it 
 possesses no ordinary interest. The wood-cuts are extremely coarse and bear evidence 
 that they were engraved in America. The artist has not attisod name, mark, or initials to 
 them, thereby depriving himself of a share of honorable tame as an early American wood 
 engraver. 
 
 AGARDH, JACOBO GEORGIO. Species Genera et Ordines Fucoidearum, seu 
 Descriptiones succinctae specierum generum et ordintmi, wuibus Fucoidearum 
 Classis Constituitior. 3 vols., Svo, half calf, very neat, $6. London, 1S48 
 
 ALBION, THE. A British Colonial and Foreign Weekly Gazette. From vol. 
 40, 1840 to vol. 50, 1860, both inclusive, 22 vols., folio, half boimd, new bind- 
 ing, $33. Ten dollars less than the cost of binding the series. 
 
 New York, 1840-60 
 
 ALLAN, JOHN. A Catalogue of his Extraordinary Collection of Books, Antiqui- 
 ties and Curiosities, with the names of the purchasers and the price that each 
 lot or article sold for. Printed in a separate pamj)hlet. Forming 2 vols., Svo, 
 uncut, $5. New York, 1864 
 
 Sometime before the owner's death he would have sold his remarkable collection for fif- 
 teen thousand dollars, while it realized by the auction process about thirty-nine thousand. 
 Taking the whole collection, it was the most extensive and valuable ever sold In America. 
 
 ALLEN, COL. ETHAN. A Narrative of his Captivity, by himself, with Notes. 
 12mo, $1. Burlington, 184(> 
 
[3] 
 
 ALLEN, WILLIAM. Amorican Bioo^rapliical Dictionary, containinpf an Ac- 
 
 ^ count of the Lives, Characters and Writings of the most eminent persons 
 
 deceased in North America, from its first settlement. Third edition. Koyal 
 
 8vo, sheep, pp. 915, $6. Boston, 1857 
 
 ALMON, J. The Remembrancer, or Impartial Repository of Public Events, 
 wliich transpired during the American Revolution 1775. One vol. 177G, four 
 vols. 1777, one vol. 1778, one vol., 8vo, in all 7 vols., $35. (A complete set of 
 tliis book is now worth $150. London, 1775 
 
 This series of volumes is made up of the principal or probably all the orticial pajiers 
 issued by both parties throughout thelon^ wars of the North American Ttevolutioii, besides 
 many collateral communications both semi-official and private. It would seem indispensa- 
 ble to the historian and biographer of that period. The Rebellion Kecord was got up in 
 imitation of this publication and will serve a like purpose. 
 
 ALVORD, J. W. Historical Address at the celebration of the Second Anniver- 
 sary of the first settlement of the Town of Stamford, Connecticut. 8vo, pp. 40, 
 $1. • New York, 1842 
 
 AMERICA. An Address to the People of Great Britain on the present crisis of 
 American Politics, pp. 79. Bristol, 1776. The Rights of Great Britain As- 
 serted against the claims of America, being an answer to the Declaration of 
 the General Congress. Pp. 115. London, 1776. Consideration on the 
 American War, addressed to the people of England. Pp. 60. London, 1770, 
 8vo, $4. London, v. d. 
 
 AMERICA. Examen General de la situacion politica de las diferentes potencias 
 del Continente Occidental, con conjeturas sobre su suerte futura por un 
 ciudadano de los Estados Unidos. 8vo, $1.50. Northampton, 1838 
 
 AMERICA. The History of the Wars in America between Great Britain and her 
 Colonies from its commencement to the year 1787. 2 vols., 8vo. calf, $6.00. 
 
 Dublin, 1789 
 
 AMERICA. Recueil de divers Voyages faits en Afrique et en L'Amerique, qui 
 n'ont jioint este, encore publiez. Contenant I'origine, les nioeurs, les cou- 
 tumes et le commerce des habitans de ces deux Parties du Monde. Avec 
 Traitez curieux touchant la Haute Ethyopie la debordement du Nil, la mer 
 Rouge, le Prete-Jean. Le tout enrichi de Figures, et de Cartes Geograjihiques, 
 qui servent a I'lntelligence des choses contenues en ce volume. 4to, $6. 
 
 Paris, 1674 
 
 AMERICAN ARCHIVES. Consisting of a collection of authentic records, state 
 papers, debates, letters and other notices of public affairs, the whole forming 
 a Documentary History of the origin and progress of the North American 
 colonies ; of the cause and accomplishment of the American Revolution ; and 
 of the Constitution of Government for the United States to the final ratifica- 
 tion'thereof. Edited bv Peter Force. Fourth series, vol. 1st, 1774 and 1775 ; 
 vol.'2d, 1775 ; vol. 3d, 1775; vol. 4th, 1775; vol. 5th, 1776; vol. 6th, 1776. 
 Fifth series, vol. Ist, 1776; vol. 2d, 1776; vol.3, 1776. 9 vols., folio, $35.00 
 
 Washington, 1839 and 1853 
 
 The matter forminq; and to form this collection, will cover the period of time from the 
 
 discovery of the new continent by Christopher Columbus till the adontion of the present 
 
 federal trovernmcnt under tlu; existing constitution, now known as the I'liited States of 
 
 Xortli Anii'rica in 17W~, a period of two hundred and nincty-nv(! years. 'I'he contents have 
 
 ' been gal liennl from every possible source accessible, both Kuropcnn and American, with 
 commendable diligence anti perseverance ; the selection warrants the conclusion, tliat the 
 soundest judgment and discrimination have been used. These archives when all published 
 will be one of the main fountains from whence all future American historians, annalists, 
 legislators, embassadors, statesmen, and biographical compilers must resort for munition 
 and authority touching Anierican subjects. 
 
 The venerable and amiable editor showed me matter he had prepared for at least twenty 
 volume-i additional, but. said he, tin' government or rather the govin-nmcnt agents are either 
 perfectly indilfiTcnt aliout tli<^ conijtletion of the work, or prefer employing the money for 
 purposes which would prove iiiore lucrative to them. It is to be wished that this import- 
 ant collection of i)iil)lic pajjers will not be suffered to remain in their [iresent inaccessilile 
 and unpublished condition for wiy great length of time. Each s(.'ries will cover the |)eriods 
 aslbllows: First, from the discovery and scttlemcMit of North America to lliKS; second, 
 from KIKS to l-()3 ; third, from 17(13 to 1774; fourth, from 1771 to 177(1; H ft h, from 177(1 to 
 17M; sixth, from 17s;j to 1787 Westeun Mkmouauilia. 
 
 AMERICAN ASSOCIATION, Proceedingsof the, for the Advancement of SciiMice, 
 1848, 49, 50, 54, 55, 57,' 59. 8 vols., 8vo, paper covers, $16. 
 
 Cambridge, 1849, 1860 
 
[4] 
 
 AMERICAN CONGRESS, An Answer to the Declaration of the. 3d edition. 
 8vo, i mor. pp. 132, |3. London, 1776 
 
 AMERICAN CONGRESS, Jonmals of, from 1774 to 1788. 4 vols.. 8vo, sheep, 
 |13. Washington, 1823 
 
 A report of the original which.; was published at various periods. Copies of both edi- 
 tions are become quite scarce. 
 
 AMERICAN. Dialogues of the American Dead. 8vo, pp. 43, $1. Phila., 1814 
 The interlocutors in these Dialogues, are Washington, Alfred, William Tell, Hamilton, 
 and Fisher Ames. 
 
 AMERICAN Diplomatic Correspondence, from 1863 to June 4, 1866. 10 vols., 
 royal 8vo, half russia, $30. Washingion, 1862-66 
 
 AMERICAN Diplomatic Correspondence and Papers relating to Foreign Affairs, 
 accompanied with the Annual Message of the President for 1863 and 1864. 
 4 vols., 8vo, cloth, $6. Washington, 1864 
 
 AMERICAN FARMERS, Politics for, being a Series of Tracts, exhibiting the 
 Blessings of Free Government, as it is administered in the United States, 
 compared with the boasted stupendous fabric of British Monarchy. 13mo, 
 boards, $3. Washington'city, 1807 
 
 AMERICAN HUSBANDRY. Containing an Account of the Soil, Climate, Pro- 
 duction and Agriculture of the British Colonies in North America and the 
 West Indies, by an American. 3 vols., 8vo, pp. 473-336, $4. London, 1775 
 
 AMERICAN INSTITUTE, Journal of A Monthly Publication, devoted to the 
 Interests of Agriculture, Commerce, Manufactures, and the Arts, accompanied 
 with Public Documents, Sketches of Natural History, Philosophical and Lite- 
 rary Essays. Edited by members of the Institute. 4 vols., 8vo, half calf, 
 fine copy (a complete set) $10. New York, 1836-40 
 
 AMERICAN MINISTERS at Ostend. Correspondence touching that Conven- 
 tion. 8vo, pp. 153, paper cover. $3. Washington, 1855 
 
 AMERICAN MUSEUM (The), or Universal Magazine ; containing Essays 
 on Agriculture, Commerce, Manufactures, Politics, Morals and Manners, 
 Sketches of National Character, Natm'al and Civil History, and Biography, 
 Law Information, Public Papers, Proceedings of Congress, Intelligence, Mo- 
 ral Tales, Ancient and Modern Poetry, etc., etc., etc,. Commencing Jan., 1787, 
 and ending Dec. 31st, 1793. 13 vols., 8vo, sheep, $35. Phila., 1787-1793 
 
 AMERICAN ORATOR (The). A Collection of Oratorical Specimens of the Elo- 
 quence of Po]nilar assembles. With vei'y rude portrait of Shakespeare. Tlie 
 first engraved in America. 12mo. $3. New Haven, 1818 
 
 AMERICAN ORIENTAL SOCIETY, Journal of, Nos. 1, 3, 3, 4, forming vol. 1st, 
 $4. Boston, 1843-1849 
 
 AMERICAN PAMPHLETS, A vol. of, viz : Governor Livingston's Poem entitled 
 Philosophical Solitude, on the shore of a Rural Lake. New York, 1763, pp. 48. 
 A letter from Phocion to the considerate citizens of New York, Pp. 13. 
 New York, 1784. Benjamin Trumbull on the unlawfulness of Divorce. Pp. 
 53, New Hampshire, 1788. A Funeral Oration by Reuben Hitchcock, Pp. 23, 
 New Hampshire, 1786. A letter on the slave trade. Pp. 38, New York, 1784, 
 and eleven others. Unique collection. 8vo, $10. v. d. 
 
 This excessively rare pamphlet, entitled a letter of Phocion, was written by Gen Ham- 
 ilton while a very young man. In all probability his first literary effort. I had this from 
 the lips of his venerable widow a few months before her death Western Memorabilia. 
 
 AMERICAN POETRY, The Gems of, by Distinguished Authore. 8vo, cloth, 
 plates soiled. New York, 1840 
 
 AMERICAN POETS. The Bowdoin Poets, Edited by Edward P. Weston. 2d 
 edition, 13mo, pp. 180, $3. Brunswick, 1849 
 
 This volume embraces specimens of the productions of thirty-four Poets. 
 
 AMERICAN PREACHER (The). A Collection of Sermons by some of the most 
 eminent American Preachers of Different Denominations. Among them 
 Witherspoon, Macwhorter, J. II. Livingston, Linn, Bishop Moore, Dr. Rog- 
 ers, Abell, Holmes, Ogden, Tennnet, Ewing, Burnet, Backus, Edwards, 
 Spring, etc., etc. 4 vols., 8vo, sheep (poor binding), a very rare collection, $8. 
 
 Elizabethtown, N. J., 1791. 
 
[5] 
 
 AMERICAN SPEECHES, SELECT. Forensic and Parliamentary, with prefatory 
 
 remarks, being a Sequel to Dr. Chapman's Select Speeches, bv S. C. Carpenter. 
 
 3 vols., boards, uncut, 8vo, pp. 403, 481, |6. Philadelphia, 1815 
 
 In tlie collection are to be found Speeches of Patrick Ilenry, J. Madison, James Wilson, 
 
 Fisher Ames, Gen. Alex. Hamilton, Goiiverneur Morris, William Wirt and others. 
 
 AMERICAN STATE PAPERS. Containing Documents relative to the History, 
 Politics, Statistics, etc., of the United States of America. Svo, boards, $1.35. 
 
 Boston, 1808 
 
 AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION, CoUections of. Vol.lst. 8vo, pp. 396, 
 §3.50. Boston, 1847 
 
 AMES, FISHER, Works of, with a selection from his Speeches and Correspond- 
 ence. Edited by his son, Seth Ames. 3 vols., 8vo, cloth, $G. N. Y., 1869 
 
 AMPERE, J. J. Promenade en Amerique, Etats Unis. Mexico, 3 tomes. 8vo, 
 pp. 431, 433, $4. Paris, 1855 
 
 ANDERSON, JAMES, S. M. The History of the Church of England in the Colo- 
 nies and Foreign Dependencies of the British Empire. Second edition, 3 
 vols., 13mo, cloth, maps, $7.50. London, 1856 
 
 ANDREWS, ISRAEL D. Communication from the Secretary of the Treasury, 
 transmitting, in compliance with a resolution of the senate, on th(i Trade and 
 Commerce of the British North American Colonies, and upon the trade of the 
 great Isles and Rivers ; also notices of the internal improvements in each 
 state, of the Gulf of Mexico and Straits of Florida, and a paper on the Cotton 
 Crop of the U. S. 3 vols., 8vo, one of maps, $3.50. Wasliington, 1854 
 
 ANGLO AMERICAN. Magazine from July 1853 to June, 1853. Plates, 3 vols., 
 roj^al 8vo, boards, calf, $4. Toronto, 1853 
 
 AN ENQUIRY into the Condition and Prospects of the African Race in the 
 United States and the means of its Fortunes, by an American. 13iuo, pp. 314, 
 $1.50. Philadelphia, 1839 
 
 AN ESSAY towards an Improved Registry of Deeds. Citv and County of New 
 York, to December 31st, 1793, inclusive. 8vo, pp. 371, $50. N. Y., 1833 
 
 ANNALS OF CONGRESS. The Debates and Proceedings in the Congress of the 
 United States, with an appendix, containing important State papers and Public 
 Documents, and all the laws of a public Nature ; with a copious index, from 
 1789 tol831. 37 vols., royal Svo, sheep. Washington, 1834 
 
 ANNALS of the WEST. Embracing a Concsie account of Principal Events 
 which have occurred in the Western States and Territories from the Dis- 
 coverv of the Mississippi Valley to the year 1850. Compiled and published 
 by James R. Albach. Svo, sheep, pp. 818, $5. St. Louis, 1S53 
 
 ANTIION, REV. HENRY, Tributes to the Memory of Late Rector of St. 
 Mark's in the Bowery, N. Y, witii a brief sketcli of his Life, by Rev. Manton 
 Eastborn, D.D. Svo, pp. 80, fine portrait, half morocco, neat, $3. N. Y., 1863 
 
 ANTINOMIAN TENETS. A Second Familiar Conference upon some Antinom- 
 ian Tenets, occasioned by Mr. David Judson's Remarks upon the First. In 
 wliich his objections are laid down in his own words. 8vo, ])p. 41, $5. 
 
 New York : (Printed by John Holt), M,DC'C,LXV 
 
 ARCTURUS. A Journal of Books and Opinions, edited by Cornelius Matthews 
 and Evert A. Duyckinck. 3 vols., 8vo, half bound, $6. N. Y., 1841-43 
 
 ARMY of the CUMBERLAND, Annals of the, comprising biographies, descrip- 
 tions of dei)artments, accounts of expeditions, skirmishes, and battles, also its 
 Police Record of spi<'s, smugglers, and i>romincnt rebel cmissarifs, &c., &c., 
 by an officer. Sterd portraits, wood-engravings and maps, largt; Svo, cloth, 
 pp. 671, $3.50. Pliila., 1864 
 
 ASTOR LIBRARY. Catalogue or Alpliabetical Index of the Astor Lilirary. 4 
 vols., royal Svo, pp. 3110, uncut, $15. New York, 1S57-61 
 
 This isone of the mo.st important cataio^aes that has been produced in the United 
 suites. The Compilation was supcrinteuded ov tlie venerable and accomplished Dr. C'ogB- 
 well, the actual fouiid<T and archltccl of the .\stor Library ; in uhort, he may be said to 
 have been so far the Alpha and Omega of that Institution. 
 
[6] 
 
 ASSOCIATE PRESBYTERIAN Magazine, The, designed to promote the Know- 
 ledge and Influence of Evangelical Truth and Order according to the Princi- 
 ples of the Reformation. 3 vols., 8vo, half calf, $3.75. Albany, 1839-43 
 
 ATTORNEY GENERALS of United States. Opinions of, from 1791 to 1838. 
 8vo, pp. 1213, $3. Washington, 1851 
 
 ATTORNEY GENERALS of United States. Opinions of, from Sept. 36, 1789 
 to July 19, 1850. 2 vols., 8vo, $8. Washington, 1850 
 
 ATTORNEY GENERALS of United States. Opinions of, from 1838 to 1850, 
 both inclusive. 3 vols., 8vo, law sheep, $9. Washington, 1838-1851 
 
 ATELA ; or the Amours of Two Indians in the wilds of America. 13mo, pp. 129 
 
 London, 1803 
 
 BACHE, A. D. Report of Superintendent of the Coast Survey sho\\dng the progress 
 of that work ending Oct., 1849. 8vo. uncut, maps, f2. Washington, 1849 
 
 BACHMAIR, J. J. A complete German Grammar in two Parts, the First Part con- 
 taining the theory of the language through all the parts of speech ; the Second 
 Part is the practice in as simple a manner as can be devised. 8vo, $2. Pliila., 1793 
 
 BACON, THOMAS. Four Sermons, upon the great and indispensible Duty of all 
 Christian Masters and Mistresses to bring up their Negro Slaves in the know- 
 ledge and Fear of God. Preached in the parish church of St. Peters, Talbot 
 coimty, in the province of Maryland, 18mo, pp. 142, $5. London, 1750 
 
 BADEN, G. L. History of Norway, from the earliest times, and from the union 
 of Calmar by Baron Holberg. Translated from the Danish and contintied to 
 the present time, by A. A. Feldborg. 8vo, boards, $2. London, 1817 
 
 BAIRD, SPENCER V. Serpents of New York, with a notice of a species not 
 hitherto induced in the Fauna of the State. 8vo, paper, pp. 38, $1.25. 
 
 Albany, 1854 . 
 
 BARCLAY, ROBERT. A Catechism and Confession of Faith, approved and agreed 
 unto by the General Assembly of the Patriarchs, Prophets and Apostles, Christ 
 himself chief speaker, to which is added the Ancient Testimony of the people 
 called Quakers held in the provinces of Pennsylvania and New Jersey, 1722, 
 12mo, pp. 148 and 34, $3. Troy, N. Y., 1803 
 
 BAKER, RACHEL. Devotional Somnium, or a collection of Prayers and Exhorta- 
 tions uttered by Miss Rachel Baker while asleep, 13mo, boards, uncut. 
 
 New York, 1815 
 
 BALTIMORE DIRECTORY. 1831. Containing a Plan of the City, with refer- 
 ence to the public buildings. 13mo, in fine preservation, $3. Baltimore, 1831 
 
 BANKER'S MAGAZINE, and State Financial Register. Edited by J. S. Homans. 
 From vol. 2, 1847 and 1848 to vol. 8, Dec, 1854. 10 vols., 8vo, half sheep, 
 $20. Baltimore and N. Y., 1848, &c. 
 
 BARHAM, HENRY. Hortus Americanus: containing an accovmt of the trees, 
 shrubs, and other vegetable productions, of South America and the West 
 India Islands, and particularly of the Island of Jamaica, with many curious 
 and useful observations respecting their uses in medicine, diet, and mecha- 
 nics, with a Linnsean Index, &c. 8vo, $2. Kingston, Jamaica, 1794 
 
 BARKER, JACOB. Incidents in the Life of Jacob Barker, of New Orleans, from 
 1800 to 1855. 3 fine portraits, 8vo, pp. 385, $3. Washington, 1855 
 
 BARNARD, JOHN. Sermons on social subjects. 8vo, large paper. 
 
 London, printed for Samuel Gerrish, and Daniel Henchman, in Coruhill, Bos- 
 ton, New England, mdccxxvii. 
 
 This must be a very rare book. Out of the millions of volumes that I have seen, and the 
 tens of thousands I have handled, I have never before seen a copy of this New England pro- 
 duction Western Memorabilia. 
 
 BARNES, CHARLOTTE. Plays, Prose, and Poetry. 12mo, pp. 489, $3. Phila. 1848 
 
 Charlotte was a modest, little, unpretending woman, and connected with the stage for a 
 
 short time, then became an author, subsequently got married, and shortly afterwards went 
 
 the way of all the earth Western Memorabilia. 
 
 BARNARD, HENRY. The American Journal of Education, with 53 portraits and 
 30 plates. Vols. 3, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 ; in all 9 vols., $30. Hartford, 1856, 1863 
 
[7 ] 
 
 BARNARD, HENRY. Ditto, Vols. 3, 4, 5, 8vo, cloth, $6. Hartford, 1857. &c, 
 
 BARNARD, HENRY. Ditto, Nos. 1 to 15 wanting, 13 in all, 14 nos. $7. 
 BARTON, BENJAMIN SMITH. The Philadelphia Medical and Physical Journal 
 
 4 parts in 2 vols., 8vo, boards, uncut, $10. PhiladHpliia, 1804-6 
 
 These volumes contain miiiij' papers on yellow fever, American Mninmnth, Indian Dogs, 
 
 Welsh Indians, in America. Lite of Dr. Clayton, the Virginia Dotauist, and others. 
 
 BAXTER, W. E. America and the Americans. 12mo, pp. 244, $1. Lond., 1855 
 
 BAYLIES, FRANCIS. An Historical Memoir of the Colony of New Plymouth. 
 From 1620 to the Establishment of the General Government over New Enp:- 
 land. The Four Parts. 8vo, folded, unbound and uncut, $5. Boston, 1830 
 
 BAYLEY, J. R. (R. Catholic Bishop of New Jersey). A Brief Sketch of the His- 
 tory of the Catholic Church of the Island of New York. 18mo, pp. 156, $2. 
 
 New York, 1853 
 
 BEACH, ELIZABETH T. P. Pelavo : An Epic of the Olden Moorish Time. 
 12mo, plates, $2. " New York, 1864 
 
 BEARDSLEY, LEVI. Reminiscences ; Personal and other incidents ; early settle- 
 ment of Otsego County ; notices and an(;cdotes of jiublic men ; Judicial, legal 
 and legislative matters ; field sports ; Dissertations and Discussions. 8vo, pp. 
 575, $3. New York, 1852 
 
 BELKNAP, JEREMY (The Historian of New Hampshire), Life of, with selec- 
 tions from his Correspondence and other writings. 18mo, pp. 253, $1. N. Y. 
 
 BELKNAP, J. History of New Hampshire. Vol. 1, 8vo, old sheep, pp. 445, $2. 
 
 Philadelphia, 1784 
 
 BELKNAP, J. The Foresters, an American Tale, being as equel to the history of 
 John Bull the Clothier, in a series of letters to a friend. 32mo, $2. Exeter, 1834 
 
 BELKNAP, J. A Discoui'se, intended to commc^morate the Discovery of Ame- 
 rica by C. Columbus. To which are added four dissertations: 1. On circum- 
 navigating Africa. 2. An Examination of the pretensions of Martin Behmain 
 to a Discovery of America prior to that of Columbus. 3. Wliether the Honey 
 Bee is a native of America. 4. On the color of the Native Americans. 8vo, 
 pp. 132, $5. Boston, 1792 
 
 BENEDICT, DAVID. A General History of the Baptist Denomination in Ame- 
 rica, and other parts of the World. 2 vols., 8vo, $5. Boston, 1813 
 
 BENNP:T, JAMES GORDON. The Herald Almanac for the United States, for 
 1849. 8%^o, pp. 48, $2. New York, 1849 
 
 Horace had made the Tribune Almanac successful, and as there is nothing which makes 
 James feel sorer and more dissatisfied, than to learn that a superabundance of grist is going 
 into that ijhilosopher's mill, in order to head off Greeley in this enterprise he uiulcrtooK the 
 inuiuifacturing of Almanacs; the attempt failed, as it is understood this is the liisi and last 
 of this abortion Westeun AIemok.^bilia. 
 
 BERRIAN, WILLIAM. An Historical Sketch of Trinity Church, New York. 
 8vo, cloth, plates, $3. New York, 1847 
 
 BETIIUNE, MRS. JOANNA, Memoirs of, by her son, Rev. Geo. W. Bethune, 
 with an A])pendix, containing extracts from the writings of Mrs. Bethune. 
 2 plates, 12mo, pp. 250, $2. New York, 1863 
 
 BIBLE. The Holy Bible, containing the Old and New Testaments ; ncAvly trans- 
 lated out of the original tongues ; and with the former translations. Dili- 
 gently compared and revised, by his Majesty's 8])ecial command, apjjointed 
 to be read in cliurclies, 4to. London, Tliomas Basket, 1756 
 
 This is doubtless the (Mlition of the Bible which Isaiah Thomas has slat<^d in his History 
 of Printing was the first Ito priiiti^d in America. So far, there has been no evidence pro- 
 duced to confirm his assumption, nor in all jirobability ever can. 
 
 BIBLICAL REPERTORY and Princeton Review, for 1850, vol. 22, and 1851 vol. 
 23. 2 vols., 8vo, i calf, $3. Pliiladelphia, 1850-1 
 
 BIBLIOTIIEQUE UNIVERSELLE Des Voyages, ou Notice complete et raisonnc 
 de tons les Voyages ancicnsi-t niodfrnes dans les differentes parties dii nionde, 
 publics tant en langue Francjiise (lu'en langiics <'traiigi'r('s, cliisscs ])ar nnlro 
 de pavs dans leur serie chronologlrpu;, &c., &c. I'ar (j. Boucher de la Rij-.h- 
 arderie. 6 vols., 8vo, cloth, $6. ' Parisj 1808 
 
[8] 
 
 BLACKISTON, T. H. General view of Europe and America. 12mo. uncut, pp. 
 107, $1. London, 1839 
 
 BLAIR, JAMES. Our Saviour's Divine Sermon on the Mount, contained in tlie 
 5tli, 6tli, and 7tli chapters of St. Matthew's Gospel, explained, and the prac- 
 tice of it recommended in divers seiinons and discourses. With a paraphrase 
 on the whole sermon on the mount, &c. 4 vols., 8vo, calf, f 13. London, 1740 
 
 BLODGET, SAMUEL. A Prospective Plan of the Battle near Lake George, on 
 the eighth day of September, 1755, with an explanation thereof, containing a 
 full, tho' short, history of that important affair, by Samuel Blodget, occasion- 
 ally at the camp, when the battle was fought, 4to, pj). 7. Boston, mdcclv. 
 
 BLOOD, BENJAMIN. Optism. The Lesson of Ages. 12mo,$1.50. Boston, 1860 
 
 BLOOMINGTON. A Sketch of the Town of Bloomington, Minnesota Valley, in 
 
 the territory of Minnesota. 18mo, pp. 34, large map, $1. St. Paul, Minn., 1857 
 
 BLOUNT, WILLIAM. Report of the Committee of the House of Representa- 
 tives of the United States, appointed to prepare and report Articles of Im- 
 peachment against William Blount, a Senator of the United States, 1797. 
 8vo, pp. 160, uncut, $5. Sine loco, sine anno 
 
 BLUE BOOK, or Register of Officers and Agents, Civil, Military, and Naval, in 
 the Service of the United States, corrected to Nov., 1863, with Census to 
 1860, etc., etc.. Compiled by J. Disturnell. 8vo, cloth, $1. New York, 1863 
 
 BOARD OF EDUCATION. Annual Report of the General Assembly of the Pres- 
 byterian Church in the United States, with Portraits of Drs. Samuel Millar, 
 Ashbell Green, A. Alexander and Sylvester Larned. 18mo, silk binding, 
 $3. Philadelphia, 1833 
 
 BONAPARTE, CHARLES LOUIS. The Genera of North American Birds, and 
 a Synopsis of the Species found within the territory of the United States. 
 8vo, pp. 450 ; imcut, privately printed, $6. New York, 1838 
 
 Presentation copy to Dr. Hosack, from the author. 
 
 BOOK OF ABRAHAM. The Acts of the Elders, commonly called the Book of 
 Abraham, to which is appended a chapter from the Book of Religious Errors, 
 with Notes of Explanation. Small 4to, pp. 160, privately printed, $5. 
 
 Boston, 1851 
 
 BOOK OF MORMON, The. An Account written by the Hand of Mormon, upon 
 Plates taken from the Plates of Nephi, By Joseph Smith, Jr., Author 
 and Proprietor. 13mo, pp. 588. 
 ^ Palmyra, N. Y., printed by E. B. Grandin, for the Author, 1830 
 
 ' A copy of the origiual edition of the " Book of Mormon," is without doubt the scarcest 
 book published in tne nineteenth century which has obtained any kind of reputation. As 
 an evidence of this, I have been in search of a copy for a great many years, and always un- 
 successful till this cop3', here named, came into my possession by accident among a lot of 
 old school books, which by the bye, in external appearance, it strongly resembles. And as 
 further confirmation of its scarcity ; on a certain occasion Sir Henry Bulwer, the then Bri- 
 tish Minister at Washington, and the British consul came into my book repository, 178 
 Fulton street, the former introducing himself as such, and then introduced his companion 
 as the British consul, adding that he had called upon me by recommendation for the pur- 
 pose of procuring a copy of the original edition of the " Book of Mormon." Continued he, 
 " I do this at the request of Lord Macaulay. the historian, who is very anxious to procure 
 a copy of it, having learned that the reprints, both English and American, had been con- 
 siderably altered. On hearing his story I immediately expressed my regrets as well as fears 
 that it would be impossible to exhume a copy of this book ; for of all the volumes I have 
 handled, seen, and sold, and they are millions, I have never seen what you ask for. Re- 
 prints can easily be obtained, biit not the original. Her Majesty's representative seemed 
 freatly disappointed at my remarks, and said he had made himself certain, from what he 
 ad been told of my collection that he would have nothing more to do than call upon me 
 and procure a copy of this singular book, and so gratify my friend Macaulay with what he 
 was so anxious to procure. I ottered to make some effort to procure a copy, and in the 
 event of being successful would not fail to apprise him of the fortunate discovery. He ap- 
 peared pleased with my promise to aid him in procuring this rare treasure. I immediately 
 commenced the search by advertisintj and writing to various booksellers throughout the 
 country who were likely to have such a book, and more particularly to the dealers in the 
 village that gave it birth, and the surrounding towns, but all proved unavailing, so that in 
 all probability the great historian and still greater essayist, never had the pleasure of eee- 
 
 V^ ing it Western Memorabilia. 
 
 BOON, DANIEL, Life and Adventures of, comprising an account of his first excur- 
 sion in Kentucky in 1769, then a wild wilderness. Written by himself, to 
 which is added A Narrative of the most important incidents of his life from 
 
[9] 
 
 the latter period until liis death June 27th, 1821. Full length portrait, 12mo, 
 pp. 2G, |5. Brooklyn, 1823 
 
 BOTTA. C. History of the Wars of the Independence of the United States of 
 America, translated by Gt. A. Otis. 2 vols., 8vo, plates, sheep, $4. 
 
 Cooperstown, N. Y., 1845 
 
 BOUDIXOT, Elias. A Star in the West ; or an attempt to discover the long 
 Lost Ten Tribes of Israel. 8vo, pp. 312. Trenton, 1816. A brief reply to a short 
 answer to a true exposition on the decline of the Catholic Church, touching 
 the Sacrament of Penance. The two books bound in one, $3. N. Y. 1815 
 
 BOUQUET, HENRY. An Historical account of the Expedition against the Ohio 
 Indians, in the year 1764. 18mo, pp. 119, full calf, neat, no map, $12. 
 
 Dublin, 1799 
 
 BOUTON, NATHANIEL, The History of Concord from its first grant in 1725 
 to the organization of the city government in 1853, with a history of the An- 
 cient Penucooks, the whole intei-sperscjd with numerous interesting incidents 
 and anecdotes, &c., &c., 3 maps, 15 portraits and 26 views, 8vo, cloth, pp. 786, 
 $5. Concord, 1856 
 
 BOWDITCH, N. L. Suffolk Surnames. 8vo, pp. 757, portrait, $5. Boston, 1861 
 
 BOYD, W. H. New York City text-book ; being a "list of persons, corporations 
 and copartnerships, resident and nonresident, who were taxed according to 
 the assessors' books, 1856 and 1857. 12mo, pp. 260, $2. New York, 1857 
 
 BRAINERD, JOHN, Life of. The brother of David Brainerd, and his successor 
 as Missionary to the Indians of New Jersey, by Rev. Thomas Briiincrd. 8vo, 
 plates, fine paper, f 3. Philadelphia, 1865 
 
 BRAXNAN, JOHN. Official Letters of the Military and Naval Officers of the 
 United States during the War with Great Britain, in the years 1812, '13, '14, 
 '15, with some additional Letters and Documents elucidating the History of 
 that period. 8vo, pp. 510, $5.50. Washington, D. C, 1823. 
 
 BREAZEALE, J. W. M. Life as it is. Matters and Things in General, contain- 
 ing amongst other things Historical Sketches of the Exidoration and first 
 settlements of the State of Tennessee, Manners and Customs of tlie Inhabit- 
 ants with their Wars with the Indians, Battles King's Mountain. History 
 of the Harps, two noted Murderers, a Satirical Burlesque upon the practice 
 of Electioneering, Legislative, Judicial and Ecclesiastical incidents, descrip- 
 tion of Natural Curiosities, a collection of Anecdotes, &c. 8vo, pj). 256. 
 
 Knoxville, Tenn., 1842 
 
 BRIDGES, GEO. W. The Annals of Jamaica. 2 vols., Svo, calf, $6. Loud., 1827 
 
 BRIGHAM. ABRAHAM (M. D.). Biograpliical Sketch of. Late Superintendent 
 of the New York State Lunatic Asylum, Utica, N. Y. 8vo, pp. 123, portrait, 
 $2. Utica, 1858 
 
 BRISTED, JOHN. Thoughts on the Anglican and Anglo-American Churches. 
 8vo, boards, $2. London. 1823 
 
 BRITISH SPY, THE ; or. Letters to a member of the British Parliament, written 
 during a tour through the United States, by a young Englislnnan of rank. 
 18mo, pp. 103, $2. Newburyport, 1H04 
 
 The above is supposed to be the original edition of the now celebrated letters of the Bri- 
 tish Spy, written by the American Plato, William Wirt. For the amount of what he has 
 written, no American author has won so permanent and wide-spread a reputation. Ilia 
 Htory of the blind preacher is one of the most b(!autifnl and affectini;; in the language. Thin 
 book has gone through fifteen editions, and is destined to go through as many more. 
 
 BROMWELL, WILLIAM J. Hi.story of Emigration to the United States, ex- 
 liil/iting the Number, Sex, Age, Occupation and Country of Birth. 8vo, pp. 
 225, $3. New York, 1856 
 
 BROOK, REV. JOHN. Life and Times of, witli a history of the great Revival iii 
 Tennessee and many incidents of thrilling interest, &c., written bv himself, 
 12mo, sheep, pp. 175, $1. Nasliviile 1848. 
 
 BROOKLYN. History of the Brooklyn and Long Island Fair, February 22d, 
 1866. 8vo, i)p. 189, $3. Brooklyn, 1864 
 
 2 
 
[ 10] 
 
 BROOKLYN. First Annual Report of the Commissioners of Prospect Park, ■ 
 
 Brooklyn, January 28tli, 1861. Bvo, pp. 80, tliree plates. Brooklyn, 1861 
 
 BROOKLYN. Manual of the Common Council of the City of Brooklyn for 1863. 
 
 Numerous maps and colored plates, 8vo, pp. 409. Brooklyn, 1863 
 
 BROOKLYN. Manual for the Common Council for 1859 and 1860, map of the 
 
 City, 13mo, pp. 375. Brooklyn, 1859 
 
 BROUGHAM, LORD. An Enquiry into the Colonial Policy of the European 
 
 Powers. 2 vols., 8vo, half calf, very neat, $10. Edinburgh, 1803 
 
 BROWNLOW, W. G. (Vulgarly surnamed Parson Brownlow). Brownlow's 
 
 Knoxville Whig and Rebel Ventilator, 22 Numbers for 1868, $5. 
 
 Knoxville, Tenn., 1865 
 Many of the editor's peculiarities will be found in these numbers, more especially when 
 
 he is handling over the coals, the late rebels or their copperhead sympathizers. 
 
 BROWNSON, O. A. Essays and Reviews, chiefly on Theology, Politics, and So- 
 cialism. 8vo, cloth, $1.50. New York, 1852 
 
 BROWNSON'S Quarterly Review. Vol. 4th, new series, $2. Boston, 1850 
 
 BUCHANAN, JAMES, Ex-President of the United States, Administration on 
 the Eve of the Rebellion. 8vo, pp. 296, $2. New York, 1866 
 
 BUCKMINSTER, REV. JOSEPH, Memoirs of, and of his son Rev. J. S. Buck- 
 minster, by Eliza B. Lee. 12mo, portrait, cloth, $3. Boston, 1851 
 
 BULLOCK, W. Sketch of a Journey through the Western States of North 
 America, from New Orleans, by the Mississippi, Ohio, City of Cincinnati and 
 Falls of Niagara, to New York, in 1827, with a Description of Cincinnati, by 
 B. Drake and E. D. Mansfield, containing information useful to persons desir- 
 ous of settling in America. Map, 12mo, boards, uncut, $5. London, 1827 
 
 BUNGAY, GEORGE W. Crayon Sketches, or off hand Takings. Distinguished 
 American Statesmen, Orators, Divines, Essayists, Editors, Poets, etc. 13mo, 
 pp. 156. $1.25. Boston, 1852 
 
 BUNYAN, JOHN. The Pilgrim's Progress, from this World to that which is to 
 come. The Second Part, Illustrated with four rude engravings, 18mo, pp. 
 166, paper cover. Boston, 1744 
 
 This is the second attempt at reproducing the renowned Pilgrim's Progress in North 
 America, an evidence of its extraordinary popularity even at that age. The first was printed 
 in Boston, 1681, which is referred to by the author in a subsequent edition published in 
 England. This edition is about as rude a specimen of book making as well can be ima- 
 gined. The engravings are curious specimens of the art in an infant, or newly settled colony. 
 They are without doubt native productions. 
 
 BUNYAN, JOHN, The Minor Works of. Containing the Water of Life, Solomon's 
 Temple Spiritualized ; Christ a Complete Saviour, Divine Breathings ; and 
 Grace Abounding. 12mo, pp. 330, $3. Portsmouth, N. H., 1804 
 
 This in all probability is the first American edition of Bunyan's minor works. It is un- 
 doubtedly very rare. 
 
 BUNYAN, JOHN. A Bibliography of all the American Editions of the Pil- 
 grim's Progress, from 1681 to the present time, with some of his other works, 
 so far as could be obtained. 4to. In manuscript. New York, 1868 
 
 Bunyan by his Pilgrim has been and is the most popular theological author whose 
 works have been published in America. This wonderful but pleasing, or rather enchant- 
 ing fiction is to be found in costly style adorning the libraries of the opulent millionaire, 
 the well to do citizen, and on the naked tables and window sills of the poor. The au- 
 thor lived to learn that his immortil dialogues had been published in America and had 
 sold successfully. As an author Bunyan may be said to hold the same popularity among 
 protestants as Thomas A Kempis does among the Roman Catholics. Sir Walter Scott 
 said he was the first author who in his Pilgrim's Progress had combined dialogue with 
 narrative. To those who wish to know minutely about Bunyan, consult Lord Macaulay, 
 Ivimy, Philips, and Southey Western Memorabilia. 
 
 BURK, JOHN. History of Virginia, from the First Settlement to the Commence- 
 ment of the Revolution. 3 vols., 8vo, half calf, neat, $45. Richmond, 1823 
 The author was an Irishman by birth, but an American by compulsion. He had to leave 
 Ireland, with Emmet, McNevin, Sampson and others who participated in the rebellion 
 about the end of the last century. He was quite a voluminous author on history, politics, 
 the drama and miscellaneous literature. He foolishly threw away his life by a duel in 1808. 
 
 BURNEY, JAMES. Chronological History of North-Eastern Voyages of Dis- 
 covery, and of the early eastern navigations of the Russians. 8vo, boards, 
 $3. London, 1819 
 
[ 11 ] 
 
 BURROUGHS, STEPHEN, Memoirs of, containing many Incidents in the Life 
 of this wonderful man, never before published. 18mo, pp. 356. Boston, 1835 
 
 BURNS. ROBERT. Poems chiefly in the Scottish Dialect. To which are added 
 Scottish Poems selected from the works of Robert Ferguson. Rare ])ortrait 
 evidently a native production. t2nio. half calf, i)p, 306. New Yorlv, 1788 
 The New York eJitioii of the works of Robert Burn?, 1788, may 80 far be pronounced 
 imique. No copv with the exc<jption of the one named has been ween by the most sharp 
 hawk-eyed book huutcr, or the keenest bibliographer, nor by any of the living generation so 
 far as known. I used to banter the Nestor of Vandewater Street (John Allan, who was 
 very anxious to possess this book) that I would exchange my copy of the first American 
 edition for his Kilmarnock, the first Scotch edition, providing he would add a fifty dollar 
 bill by w-ay of inducing me to part with such a rarity. lie declined to comply with this 
 generous offer and so never had the pleasure of being possessed of what he long had set his 
 aflections on. He lived in the hopes of some day procuring a copy, but before that day ar- 
 rived he had "passed that bourne from whence no traveller returns." It is probable that 
 the edition was very limited and fell chiefly into the hands of poor Scottish emigrants which 
 in some measure accounts for its disappearance. This class of people not being very care- 
 ful book preservers, and the second generation of such generally become weail^iier looked 
 upon old dirty books as refuse or rather a nuisance and as a consequence were consigned to 
 the dunirhill or oven, thus sharing the fate of the precious contents of the far famed Egypt- 
 ian Library at Alexandria Western Memorabilia. 
 
 BURNS, ROBERT. Pocnus chiefly in the Scottish Dialect. Portrait, evidently 
 inserted. Engraved at Phila., 1805. 12mo, pp. 304, sheep-binding, $30. 
 
 Phila., 1788 
 It is difficult at this time to determine whether this or the New York edition bearing the 
 same date was the first of Bunis's works published in America. It may, however, be pre- 
 sumed that the Philadelphia was the first i)crhap9 by a month or two. The quaker city 
 was then the capital of the lately enfranchised Colonies, and as a matter of course commu- 
 nication with Europe was much more frequent and direct than any other port on the 
 Athintic coast. Hence the greater part of everything imported most likely came to Phila- 
 delphia Western Memorabilia. 
 
 BURNS, ROBERT. Poems chiefly in the Scottish dialect. To which are added, 
 Scott's Poems, selected from the works of Robert Ferguson. Small 8vo, pp. 
 306. Portrait. New York, 1799 
 This is evidently a portion of the first New York edition, which doubtless fell into the 
 hands of another proprietor who appears to have printed a new title with a more modern 
 date. The Portrait, paging and form exactly corresponds with the first. This was a com- 
 mon practice at that time and not unfrequent now, many instances could be cited. The 
 first was printed and ])ublished by .1. and J. M'Lean, No. 41 Hanover Square, 1788. The 
 second by John Tiebout, :fi8 Pearl Street, 1799. Tliis copy is in beautiful preservation, as 
 much so as the day when it was published, the Portrait a clear and distinct impression. 
 To such as are desirous of adding a rare book to their collection, which has obtained a 
 world wide reputation, here is an opportunity of procuring a gem. The volume is of the 
 greatest rarity, as much so as an honest man ; a truthful eulogy ; or a true friend. 
 Western MEMORAsruA. 
 
 BURNS, ROBERT. A Bibliography of all the American Editions of his works 
 as well as all the books written on him and them, from 1788 to 18G8. In 
 Mannscrijit, 4to. New York 
 This bibliographv will set in a much clearer light the extraordinary popularity of the 
 writings of Robert Burns in North America, than all the eulogies, dissertations, criticisms, 
 or panegyrics ever passed on him or them at all the merry gatherings, or solemn meetings from 
 the bursting forth of his genius even until now. It may be ot)served that the early .\inericaa 
 editions of his works, not more than two thousand or so at a time werejirinted forming an 
 edition, and then the type distributed. This process gives but a feeble idea of the demand 
 for his works as compared with the now vast hoards of volumes thrown ofVauunally by not 
 leas than ten difl'erent publishers throughout the United States. These arc all stereotyped 
 and they are, as occasion demands, printed by the many thousands, and then immediaicly 
 scattered over the vast surface of the United States and Canada, from Maine to Texas, from 
 New York to California, and from the bleak and dreary shores of Labrador to the cheerful 
 sunny coasts of the Pacific seas. Besides the quantities annually imported from England 
 and Scotland to the States and Canada, both costly and cheap copies. Prices from twenty- 
 five cents per copy to twenty-five dollars. 1 have heard his songs chanted by the rude Mis- 
 sijjpi boatmen while lloating down in their ruder slti'^gish arks, nolwiilisiandiiig they iinder- 
 etood his dialect imperfectly. This was fame indeed, as Sir Walter Sioit is reporled to have 
 said, on either seeing or hearing that a coarse jjortrait of him cheaply framed, hung up in 
 the public room of a very humble inn in some remote part of Hungary. With the exception 
 of Sliakespeare, Burns is the most i)opular and best known author in America. Hunyaii 
 will follow mainly in, by and through his immortal Pilgrim's Progress, which has been pro- 
 lific in editions beyond all belief. Western Memorabilia. 
 
 BURNS, ROBERT, The Works of, with an accoimt of his Life, and a Criticism 
 on his Writings, by J. Currie, M. D. 4 vols., 12mo, pp. 386, 500, 4+t. 438, !f!H. 
 
 Pliiiadclpliia. 1801 
 
 This is the first complete edition of the works of the Scottish Theocrates published in 
 
 America. It is a reprint of Dr. CurrieV famous Liverpool edition. It does great credit to 
 
 the American press at that early period, it is better gotten up than many of the booku pro- 
 
[ 12 ] 
 
 duced at the present day both as regards paper, printing and binding. The portrait is 
 well executed. It is taken from Nay smith's painting of the poet's likeness and engraved by 
 by A. Lawson. 
 
 BUSH, GEORGE. Ezekiel's Vision, an Attempted Explanation of tlie Living 
 Creatures and wheels, in the Book of Ezekiel. 8vo, pp. 70. His first book. 
 $3. Cincinnati, 1829 
 
 BUSH, GEORGE. New Church Miscellanies, or Cssays, Ecclesiastical, Doctrinal 
 and Ethical. 12mo, pp. 372, $1.50. New York, 1855 
 
 BUSH, GEORGE. Memoirs and Reminiscences of, being for the most part volun- 
 tary Contributions from different Friends who have kindly consented to tliis 
 Memorial of his worth. Edited and arranged by Woodbury M. Fernald. 
 ' 12mo, pp. 408. Perfect portrait. $3. Boston, 18G0 
 
 The truly amiable and good Dr. Bush, whom I frequently fell in with, always brought 
 me in mind of what I supposed Pascal, Baxter and Boston had been, and how they ap- 
 peared. Amiable, simple and unpretending as a Moravian patriarch, with a temper so com- 
 posed, placid and serious as to bid defiance to all discomposure. Wise and learned be- 
 yond his contemporaries, lull of good will to the whole human race, with a deep sense of 
 his obligations as a teacher of his fellow men. He said that he put forth and promulgated 
 opinions during his less mature years which he now totally condemned, and if he could, would 
 bury them in oblivion. Among these advocacies and opinions was the supposed scriptural 
 prohibition of a man marrying his deceased wife's sister. This opinion, said he, was with 
 me educational and by no means the result of scriptural investi<jation or reading the opin- 
 ions of the ablest writers pro and con on the subject. This prohibition from time to time 
 had been agitated through newspapers, pamphlets, general assemblies, conventions, and 
 otherwise rather intemperately, which had the efi'ect to cause me to make a thorough scrip- 
 tural investigation on the subject as well as the treaties by the most capable writers. This 
 process resulted in an entire overthrow of my original opinions. I can discover no scriptural 
 prohibition to this practice throughout either the old or new testament, and if not found there 
 no church has the remotest authority to introduce such an inhibition as a rule : and further 
 if we may judge from positive commands as well as the practice among the Jews, that the 
 very contrary was not only the opinion but the practice during old testament times. Abra- 
 ham married his half sister, Jacob had two sisters to wife at one time, and we may safely 
 come to the conclusion that Ruth married her brother-in-law, and further see Deut. xxv, 5th, 
 etc., where if one brother dies and leaves a widow, the surviving brother is commanded 
 to go and marry his deceased brother's widow, and in the event of refusing to do so is sub- 
 ject to be insulted as well as punished for his neglect. This prohibition is simply a relic of 
 Komanism, which a few straight laced protestants have never been able to shake ofl', as is 
 the case with several other absurdities. 
 
 He was one of those who with a spec of genius, incessant and unwearied application, 
 raised himself above the common level of his fellow men. Notwithstanding his laborious 
 exertions his efforts proved unprofitable to him, in a pecuniary sense, by the publication of 
 his numerous and various works, for he was a voluminous author ; perhaps not less than 
 thirty volumes including pamphlets, were produced by his brain and pen ; among them 
 eight or ten volumes of a commentary on the five books of Moses, Joshua, Judges, etc. He 
 attemptad to do the same thing for the book of Psalms, but never got beyond the first num- 
 ber, also an anonymous treatise on the priesthood which gave considerable oflence to the 
 thin-skinned and weak minded brethren and pharisees of the age. When I was about visit- 
 ing Europe, he put letters into my hands addressed to the publishers of his books in Eng- 
 land and Scotland, and requested that I should hand them in person to the gentlemen to 
 whom they were addressed. I promised fidelity to his injunctions. After arriving in Lon- 
 don I hunted up one of the publishers and presented him the letter. He requested me to 
 be seated till he perused it ; this being over he in substance said that the contents of the 
 letter was from Dr. Bush, with a request for remuneration for the use of his books, couched 
 in very courteous language. I regret exceedingly, continued he, that I have it not in my 
 power to make him any compensation for republishing his works in England. I am re- 
 luctantly compelled to this course for the following reason, namely, every one has a legal 
 right to republish in Great Britain, all foreign productions which are not protected by inter- 
 national copyright treaty. I knew that his writings were not protected here and so free to 
 all to publish who pleased, and therefore the only protection I could procure, in the 
 event of publishing tliem was cheapness, that is to say, get the books up at such a low rate 
 as that none else would think it worth their while to come into competition. There is, 
 however, a sad draw-back to this practice, the profits in the transactions are so trifling 
 that it seems hardly worth while to be at the trouble of producing such books. For exam- 
 ple I published his commentaries on the five l)ooks of Moses, Joshua and Judges, in one 
 volume, double columns, 8vo, at two and sixpence sterling, while the American edition in 
 eighteen volumes duodecimo sells for ten dollars. Thus you can perceive tbat I am left without 
 power to afford Professor Bush any compensation. Were I to send him all the profits I made 
 from the sale of his liooks he would look upon it as a mockery and as unworthy of accept- 
 ance. I heartily wish that international arrangements were such as to give protection to all 
 foreign authors and his distant imlilisher. Had such been the case I could have aflbrded to 
 have paid the professor a handsome sum for the use of his books in this coimtry. The 
 Scottish publisher returned me in substance a like answer. 
 
 In his latter years he joined the Swedenborg society of Christian professors. That amiable 
 class of people esteemed him highly in life and still hold his memory in affectionate regards. 
 At this transition a few of his former associates and colaborers of the uncharitable class, 
 stigmatized him as an apostate or a monomaniac, but when it is taken into consideration 
 that Swedenborg had such distinguished converts as the king of Sweden. Oberlin, Lavater, 
 Kant, Coleridge, together with innumerable professors, landgraves, bishops and arch- 
 
[13] 
 
 bishops, all men having the opportunity of securing accurate information and forming 
 correct judtrmcnts, it would set'in but prudent in any one to be careful how they charge 
 any one witli apostacy. This was exactly what the Jews charged Saul of Tarsus with, be- 
 cause he had the courage to follow his own convictions. Dr. Bush was born in 17()(i, and 
 educated at Dartmouth College. To such as desire to learn more about him and his writ, 
 ings, see AUibone's Dictionary of English Literature, vol. 1, ])p. 309. Philadelphia, 1S5!)- 
 The best portrait of him wall be found connected with his Life, published iu Boston, 
 18(J0 Western Memorabilia. 
 
 BUTLER, FREDERICK. Complete History of the United States of America, 
 embracing tlie whole period from the Discovery of North America, down to 
 the year 1820. 3 vols., 8vo, $4.50. Hartford, 1821 
 
 BUTLER, WILLIAM ALLEN. Martin Van Buren, Lawyer, Statesman, and 
 Man, 18mo, pp. 47, $1. New York, 18G3 
 
 BUTTERFIELD, CARLOS. United States and Mexico. Commerce, Trade, and 
 Postal Facilities between the two countries, Statistics of Mexico. 8vo, pp. 
 297, large colored map, $3. New York, 18G1 
 
 BUXTON, THOMAS F. The African Slave Trade. 8vo, pp. 255, $2. Author's 
 Autograph. London, 1839 
 
 CABINET (The) Of Instruction, Literature, Amusement and Original Essays ; 
 with Extracts from new works. Wood cuts, 4 vols., missing vol. 4tli, 8vo, half 
 calf, $5. New York, 1829, 1831 
 
 CALDWELL, DAVID. (Near sixty years pastor of the Churches of Buffalo and 
 Alamance). A sketch of the life and character of. By Rev. E. W. Caruthers 
 8vo, pp. 302, $2. Greensborough, N. C. 1842 
 
 CALHOUN. JOHN C, The Works of, vols. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. 8vo, cloth, $7.50. 
 
 New York, 1853 
 
 CALIFORNIA, Histoire Naturelle et Civile de la California. Enriche dela Cart© 
 du Pays et des Mers adjacentes. Traduite de I'Anglais, par M. E. 3 vols., 
 12mo, calf, $10. Paris, 1767, 
 
 CALLEN, JOHN F. Military Laws of the United States relating to the army, 
 marine corps, volunteers, militia, and to bounty lands and pensions from the 
 foundation of the government to the year 1858. 8vo, pp. 484, $5. 
 
 Baltimore, 1858 
 
 CALLANDER, JAMES THOMPSON. The Political Reporter or Proceedings 
 of the Session of Congress from Nov. 3d, 1794, to March 3d, 1795, with an ap- 
 pendix. 8vo, uncut, pp. 245, vol. 1st. Philadelphia, 1795. 
 
 CAMBRIDGE PLATFORM of Church Discipline, adopted 1G80 ; also a Con- 
 fession of Faith. 12mo, $1. Boston, 1850 
 
 CAMPAIGNS. Narrative of the Campaigns of the British at Washington, 
 Baltimore, and New Orleans, under Gens. Ross, Packingham, etc., in tho 
 years 1814, and 1815. By an Officer. 8vo, pp. 431, $3. Philadelphia, 1821 
 
 CAMPBELL, J. L. Idaho ; six months in tlie New Gold Diggings. The emi- 
 grant's guide overland. Itinerary of the routes, features of the country. Jour- 
 nal of Residence, &c. 8vo, pp. 521, wood-cuts, $2. Chicago, 18C4 
 
 CANALS. Laws of the State of New York in relation to the Erie and Cliaiiii)lain 
 Canals, together with the Annual Reports of the Commissioners, and ollicial 
 History of those works. Maps, plates, 2 vols., royal 8vo, $5. Albany, 1825 
 
 CAPE ANNE. The Landing at Cape Anne ; or the Cliarter of the first ])ernmnent 
 colony on the; territory ftf the Massachusetts Company, now discovered 
 and first published from the Original Manuscript with an iiKjuiry into its 
 autlu)rity and a history of the Colony 1G24, '28, Roger Conant, Governor, 
 bv John Wingate Thornton. Map and plate, 8vo, pp. 9G, $2.50. 
 
 Boston, 1854 
 
 CAREY'S American Atlas, containing Twelve maps, with a brief description of 
 each State, and of Lawrence, 3d edition carefully inii)n)vc(i. Hvo, uncut, in 
 fine condition, pp. 119, $5. Pliiladclphia, 180(i 
 
 CAROLINA, Olden Times in. By an Octogenarian Liuiy of Clinrleston. S. C, 
 12mo, pp. 202, $2. Cliarlcston, 1855 
 
[ 14] 
 
 CARPENTER, S. C. Select American Speeches, Forensic and Parliamentary. 
 In the collection will be found those by Patrick Henry, Madison, Wilson, 
 Harper, Gen. Hamilton, Fisher Ames, Randolph, Wirt, and others. 2 vols., 
 8vo, boards, uncut, $5. Philadelphia, 1815 
 
 CARROLL, ANNA ELLA. The Star of the West, or National Men and Na- 
 tional Measures, with Portraits of Millard Filmore, G. B. Locke, A. B. Ely, 
 Erastus Brooks, N. Ramsay, Edward 0. Perren, U. S. Levy, Ely Perry, Sid- 
 ney Kopman, George D. Prentice. 12mo, pp. 450, $3. Boston, 1857 
 
 CARROLL, JOHN (First Archbishop of Baltimore), Biographical Sketch of, 
 with select portions of his writings, edited by J. C. Brent. Portrait, 13mo , 
 cloth, $3. Baltimore, 1 843 
 
 CARVER, JOHN. Sketches of New England, or Manners of the Coxmtry. 
 
 12mo, half calf, $2. New York, 1843 
 
 CASSIN, JOHN. Mammalogy and Ornithology. U. S. Exploring Expedition. 
 
 4to, cloth, with a Folio Atlas of 53 col'd plates, i morocco, $50. Phila., 1858 
 
 CATALOGUS Bibliothecae Harvardianfe Cantabrigse Nova Anglorum. 8vo, pp. 
 110 and 358, $2. Boston, 1790 
 
 CENSUS. Compendium of the Enumeration of the Inhabitants and Statistics of 
 the United States, as obtained at the Department of State, from the returns 
 of the Sixth Census, by Counties and principal Towns. Population, Wealth, 
 and Resources of the country, etc., etc. Folio, boards, $2. Washington, 1841 
 
 CENSUS. The Seventh Census of the United States, 1850, embracing a statisti- 
 cal view of each of the States and Territories, arranged by Counties, Towns, 
 etc., etc., by J. D. B. DeBow. Thick 4to, half russia, $2. Wash., 1853 
 
 CENTRAL PARK. Report of the Special Committee on Parks relative to laying 
 out a new Park in the upper part of the City ; Map of the upper part of the 
 Island. 8vo, pp. about 50, $2. New York, 1852 
 
 CENTRAL PARK, Reports of the Commissioners of, from the Commencement 
 1857 to 1867, both inclusive, 11 parts with one preliminary and supplementary 
 Report, illustrated with numerous maps and engraved views. These annual 
 publications are become very rare ; so much so, that complete sets are un- 
 procurable. New York, 1857-67 
 
 CENTRAL PARK. Communications to the Commissioners of the Central Park 
 relative to improvements, by A. H. Green. 8vo, pp. 75, $2. New York, 1866 
 
 CHALMERS, GEORGE. An introduction to the History of the Revolt of the 
 American Colonies, being a comprehensive view of its origin, derived from the 
 state papers, contained in the public oifices of Great Britain. 2 vols, in 1, 8vo, 
 cloth, $5. Boston, 1845 
 
 CHARLESTOWN, S. C. Census of the City of, for the year 1848, exhibiting the 
 condition and pros]3ects of the city, illustrated by many Statistical Details, by 
 J. L. Dawson, H. W. DeSaussure. 8vo, cloth, $2. Charlestown, 1849 
 
 CHARLEVOIX FRANCES XAVIER. Histoire De L' Isle Espagnole ou de S. Do- 
 mingue ecrite particulierement sur des Memoires Manuscrites du P. Jan Bap- 
 tiste, le Pere Jesuite. 2 vols., 4to, many maps, fine copy, $10. Paris, 1731 
 
 CHARLEVOIX, P. Francois Xavier de. Histoire Du Paraguay. 6 vols., 12mo, 
 maps, $7.50. Paris, 1757 
 
 CHASE, ELIZABETH. Miscellaneous Selections and Original Pieces in Prose 
 and Verse. 12mo, pp. 228, $2. Sine loco, 1821. 
 
 The Author was sister to Samuel Chase of Maryland, one of the Signers of the Declaration 
 of Independence. 
 
 CHAUNCY, CHARLES. Seasonable Thoughts pn the State of Religion in New 
 England, a Treatise in five Parts, with a Preface giving an account of the 
 Antinomians, Familists and Libertines, who infected these Churches, above 
 an 100 years ago, &c. 8vo, pp. 472, $3. Boston, 1743 
 
 CHESTERFIELD, LORD. Letters written to his son, Philip Stanhope, together 
 with his Lordsliip's Life, and an account of his son, some Poems and Maxims. 
 2 vols., 12mo, pp. 460, 620. Newport, R. I., 1779 
 
[15 ] 
 
 CHILD, L. MARIA. Letters from New York. 8d ed., Ist and 2d Series, 2 vols., 
 
 12mo, cloth, $3. Now York, 1847 
 
 In one of these vohimes will be found a very interei5ting biographical sketch of McDonald 
 
 Clarke, the so called Mad Poet. " I am not mad most discerning public but simply think for 
 
 myself. This is the head and front of my madness." 
 
 CHILD, SIR JOSI AH. A New Diacoiu'se of Trade wherein is recommended seve- 
 ral weig-lity points relating- to Companies of Merchants. The act of Naviga- 
 tion, Naturalization of Straupers and our Woolen Manufactures. The Balance 
 of Trade, and the nature of Plantations, and their consequences in relation to 
 the Kingdom, are seriously discussed. Methods for tlie em])lo}mient and 
 maintenance of the poor are jjroposed. The reduction of interest of money to 
 £4. per centum is recommended. And some proposals for erecting a Court of 
 Merchants for determining^ Controversies, relating^ to maritime aHairs, and for 
 a law for transference of Bills of Debts, are humbly oflered. 12mo, jjp. 280, 
 $G. London, 1G98 
 
 CHITTENDEN, THOMAS. A Memoir of the first governor of Vermont, with a 
 history of the constitution during his administration, by Daniel Chipman. 
 ISmo, pp. 222. Middlebury, 1849 
 
 CHOATE, RUFUS, The Works of, with a Memoir of his Life, by Samuel G. 
 Brown. Portrait. 2 vols., 8vo, cloth, pp. 570, 527. "Boston, 18G2 
 
 Choate was one of nature's nobles, he was as simple as a child, as candid as Nathaniel, 
 and in intellect soared far beyond the most of his compeers. 
 
 CHRISTIAN EXAMINER, and General Review, from vol. 22, 1837 to vol. 71, 
 
 1861. 50 vols., 8vo, half bound, uniform, fresh binding, a very desirable set, 
 
 $62.50. Boston, 1837, '61 
 
 The most scholarly and able review published in the United States. The best men of the 
 
 country have been and are contributors to it. 
 
 CHEISTIAN HISTORY, The, containing Accoimts of the Revival and Propa- 
 gation of Religion in Great Britain and America. For the year 1743. 8vo, 
 calf, pp. 416. Boston, 1744 
 
 This is the first attempt at publishing a Magazine in the British Colonies of North Ame- 
 rica. It is mainly devoted to the cause of propagating the gospel in both liciiiispheres. 
 Amongst other things will be found an account of the revivals of religion at Kilsytli, Scot- 
 land, the Keligion of the first settlers of New England, with its decay, also on i)roi))igating 
 Religion in Ehode Island Colony, Revival of Religion in Newark, N. J., Northampton, and 
 Portsmouth, New England, &c., &c. 
 
 CHRISTIE, ROBERT. A History of the late province of Lower Canada, parlia- 
 mentary and political, from the commencement to the close of its existence as 
 a separate province. 6 vols., 12mo, cloth, $6. Montreal, 1866 
 
 CLAIBORNE, NATHANIEL H. Notes on the War in the South; with Bio- 
 graphical Sketches of the Lives of Montgomery, Jackson, Sevier, Gover, Clai- 
 borne, and others. 12mo, pp. 112, $5. Richmond, Va., 1819 
 
 CLARK, FREDERICK G. The Stone of Help ; or our Five Years Review. A 
 Discourse delivered in 23d Street Church, April 19, 1837. 18mo, pp. 53, $1. 
 Printiid for the use of the Congregation. 
 
 CLARKSON, T. An Essay on the Impolicy of the African Slave Trad(% to which 
 is added an Oration, the necessity of establishing at Paris a Society to pro- 
 mote the Abolition of the Trade and Slavery of Negroes, l)v J. P. Brissot 
 De Warville. 8vo, pp. 155, uncut, $2. Philadelphia, 1789 
 
 CLAY, HENRY, Life and Times of, by Calvin Colton. 2 vols., 8vo, cloth, !j;3. 
 
 New York, 1840 
 
 CLAY, HENRY, The last seven years of the life of Henry Clav, bv C. Colton. 
 8vo, cloth, pp. 504, $2. New York, 1856 
 
 CLAY, HENRY, Life, Correspondence, and Speeches of, by Calvin C'olton. 6 
 vols., 8vo, sheep, $15. New York, 1857 
 
 CLAY, HENRY, Life and Speeches of, Cinn])ile(l and Edited by Daniel Mallory, 
 with valuable additions, etc., also various important letters not heretofore 
 published. 2 vols., thick 8vo, ])ortrait, half calf, neat, $5 ; cloth, $3. 
 
 New York, 1857 
 
 CLAY, HENRY, Report of the C'ommittee of Arrangements of the Common 
 Council of New York, of the Obse(|uie8 in Memory of Portrait, and Engrav- 
 ings. 8vo, cloth, pp. 362, $2. New York, 1852 
 
[16] 
 
 CLAY, HENRY, Life and Speeches of, by Greeley and McElrath, portrait and 
 fac-simile Letter and View of his birth-place. 2 vols., 8vo, pp. 531, 591. 
 
 New York, 1843 
 
 CLARKSON, THOMAS. A Portraiture of Quakerism, taken from a view of the 
 Moral Education, Discipline, Peculiar Customs, Religious Principles, Political 
 and Civil Economy and Character of the Society of Friends. 3 vols., 8vo, 
 boards, uncut, $4. London, 1807 
 
 COAST SURVEY. Report of the Superintendent A. D. Bache. Maps, 8vo, pp. 
 23, $1. Washington, 1844 
 
 COBB, THOMAS, R. R. An Enquiry into the Laws of Negro Slavery in the 
 United States to which are prefixed an Historical Sketch of Slavery. 8vo, 
 pp. 586, vol. 1, all published, $5. Philadelphia, 1855 
 
 CODDINGTON, DAVID, Speeches and Addresses of, with a Biographical Sketch. 
 
 Portrait, 8vo, pp. 177, $2.25. New York, 1866 
 
 Had the democracy imitated the practice and adopted the advice of this talented and 
 patriotic citizen, they would not be in the condition that they are in and have been in for 
 the last eight years. He was one of those men who never attained the position in public 
 estimation which he richly deserved. All public men are either overruled or underestimated ; 
 he belonged to the latter class. He dared to deliver an eulogy on the virtues of Abraham 
 Lincoln and supported the union cause with firmness and manliness. 
 
 COLBURN, ZERA, A Memoir of, written by himself, containing his first discovery 
 of his remarkable powers ; his travels in America and residence in Europe. 
 With his peculiar method of calculation. 12mo, pp. 104. Fitll length portrait 
 $1.25. Springfield, Mass., 1833 
 
 COLLECTION OF PAPERS. Interesting and Authentic, relative to the dispute 
 between Great Britain and America ; showing the causes and progress of that 
 misunderstanding, from 1764 to 1775. 8vo, $10. London, 1779 
 
 This volume is a very essential adjunct to Almon's Remembrancer, which embodies all the 
 public, confidential, as well as private papers in the possession of the British government, as 
 well as that of the colonial authorities touching the American Revolution. 
 
 COLLIS, CHRISTOPHER. A Survey of Roads of the United States of America. 
 In 80 sheets, 8vo size, $5. New York, 1789 
 
 COLLIS, CHRISTOPHER. Proposals of a Design for the Promotion of the Interests 
 of the United States of America, extending its advantages to all ranks and 
 conditions of men by means of inland navigable communication. With a 
 map of part of the state of New Jersey, pointing out the course of an intended 
 inland navigation between New York and Philadelphia, by Christopher 
 Collis. 8vo, pp. 22, an extremely rare pamphlet, $5. New York, 1808 
 
 Collis has the merit of projecting the great Erie Canal, while De Witt Clinton snatched 
 away the prize, and what is more unfortunate claimed and obtained the honor which has 
 been wrongfully awarded him. 
 
 COLUMBIA. Historia de la revolution de la republic de Columbia par Jose 
 Manual Restrepo. 11 tom., $10. Paris, 1827 
 
 COLUMBIAN ELOQUENCE. Being the Speeches of the most celebrated Ameri- 
 can orators as delivered in the late interesting trial of the Hon. Samuel Chase 
 before the senate of the United States. 3 vols., 18mo, $5. Baltimore, 1806 
 
 COLUMBIAN MAGAZINE (The), and Monthly Miscellany, containing a view of 
 the history, literature, manners, character of the people. Edited by E. Morris. 
 12 vols., 8vo, many plates, $75. Philadelphia, 1786, 1792 
 
 This was in all probability the first magazine published in the United States after the 
 close of the revolution. It is illustrated with numerous plates representing local scenery, 
 newly invented machines, the first Amer. coins, and Catahsgues of Natural History. It was 
 subsequently rebaptized and named the Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. It 
 commenced being published September, 1786, and died June, 1792, uumberiug 12 vols., 8vo. 
 
 COLUMBUS. Delia patria di Cristofora Colombo Dissertazione pubblicata nelle 
 memorie dell' accademia imperiale delle scienze di torino Ristampata con giunte, 
 documenti, lettere diverse ed una dissertazione epistolare intorno all' autor 
 del libro de imitatione Christi. 8vo, uncut, pp. 424, $3. Firenze, 1808 
 
 COLUMBUS. Colleccion de los Viages y Descubrimientos, que Hicieron por mar 
 los Espanoles desde fines del siglo XV, con varies documentos ineditors con- 
 cernientes a la Historia de la Marina Castellana y de los establecimientos Es- 
 panoles en Indias, Coordinada e Ilustrada por don Martin Fernandez de 
 Navarrete. 2 vols., folio, large paper, $16. Madrid, 1825 
 
[ 17] 
 
 COLUMBUS. Memorials of a Col Icct ion of A uthentic Documents of the celebrated 
 navigator, translated from the Spanish. 8vo, portrait, $4. London, 1823 
 
 COMMON PRAYER, Book of, and administration of the Sacraments, &c.. &c., 
 of the Protestant Episcopal Church, in the U. S. of America. Together with 
 the Psalter, and Psalms of David. 18mo, $3. Philadelphia, IT!)/). 
 
 CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA. Puldic Laws of the Confederate 
 States of America, passed at the first session of the first Congress, 18G2, 'S, and 
 '4. Carefully collated with the originals at Richmond. Edited l)y J. M. 
 Matthews. To be continued annually. 4to, $5. Richmond, 1863 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DEBATES. Register of Debates in "Congress, comprising 
 the leading debates and incidents of the second session of the 18th Congress ; 
 together with an appendix containing the most important State pa])(>rs and 
 public documents, to which the session has given birth ; to which are added 
 the laws enacted during the session, with a copious index to tlie whole. From 
 Dec. 6th, 1824, to Oct. 6th, 1837. 29 vols., royal 8vo, ^leep binding. 
 
 Wasliington, 1825, &c. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. Memoirs of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences. 
 Vol. 1, part 1. 8vo, boards, uncut, $2. New Haven, 1810 
 
 CONNECTICUT. Minutes of tlie General Association of Connecticut from June, 
 1835 to Jmie, 1859, both inclusive, 24 parts or years, $5. Hartford, 1836-'59 
 
 CONNECTICUT, Contributions to the Ecclesiastical History of, prepared under 
 the direction of the General Association, to commemorate the cimipletiou of 
 150 years since its first annual assembly. Bvo, boards, pp. 576, $5. 
 
 New Haven, 1861 
 
 CONTESTED ELECTIONS, Cases of, in Congress, from 1789 to 1834, inclu- 
 sive. 8vo, pp. 1025, $4. Washington, 1824 
 
 CONVENTION 1787. Secret Proceedings and Debates of the Convention assem- 
 bled at Pliiladelphia in the year 1787, for the purpose of forming the Consti- 
 tution of the United States of America from notes taken by the late Robert 
 Yates, Chief Justice of New York, and copied by John Lansing, late Chancellor 
 of that State, members of that Convention including : the Genuine Informa- 
 tion laid l)efore the Legislature of Maryland, by Luther Martin, attorney-ge- 
 neral of that State and member of the same convention, also other Historical 
 Documents, relative to the Federal Compact of the North American Union. 
 12mo, pp. 335, §3. Louisville, 1838 
 
 CORNWALLIS. Correspondence of Charles, First Marquis Cornwallis. Edited 
 with notes by Charles Ross. 3 vols., 8vo, cloth, portrait. One volume 
 damaged on the cover, $6. London, 1859 
 
 CORRESPONDENCE on the present relations between Great Britain and the 
 United States of America. 8vo, pp. 153, 11.50. Boston, 1863 
 
 COTTON. Introduction and early progress of the cotton manufacture in the 
 United States. 12mo, pp. 108, $1.25. Boston, 1863 
 
 COVELL, SAMUEL, Missionary to the Tuscarora Indians and jirovince of 
 Ui)])er Canada, Memoirs of, including a history of the origin and progress 
 of Missionarv operations. To which is addtsd a memoir of A. L. ('ovell. 3 
 vols, in one, "pp. 164, 226, $3. Brandon, 1839 
 
 CRANTZ, DAVID. History of (ireenland, including an account of the Mission 
 carried on by tlie United Brethren in that country. Translati'd from the 
 German, with a continuation to th(! ])resent time, illustrative^ notes and an 
 appendix. Map and plates. 3 vols., 8vo, half calf, $10. liondon, 1820 
 
 CRANTZ, DAVID. Another copy. Vol. 3 <mlv, 8vo, boards, uncut. $1. 
 
 London. 1830 
 
 CRAYON, THE. A Journal devoted to the (irai)]iic Arts, and the Literatnr(> re- 
 lated to them. 8vols., 4to. Commenced January 3, 1855. ended July, 18(il. 
 
 New York, 1H55, &c. 
 
 CRESAP, ("APT. MICHAEL, A Biograi)hical Sketch of the Life of, by John J. 
 Jacob, from the Cumberland Edition of 1826, with Notes and Api>eudix for 
 
 3 
 
[ 18 ] 
 
 Wm. Dodjre. Pp. 158. Also, a Journal of Wayne's Campaign against the 
 Northwestern Indians, in 1794, by Lieut. Boyer. Pp. 23, 4to, unbound and 
 uncut, $5. Cincinnati, 1866 
 
 William Dodge, a citizen of Cincinnati, the queen city of tlie west, pleasantly situated on 
 the lianks of the Ohio river, whose slopes from end to end must soon become dotted with 
 millions of human beings, was the publisher of this heretofore rare book. It is note-worthy 
 that he was not a book publisher, nor a bookseller, but simply a hard-working mechanic, 
 when he conceived the notion of publishing this, and other equally rare books, illustrating 
 the early history and biography of the country. In doing so he dashed down among book 
 publishers, book sellers and book buyers lilie a white crow among his jetty compeers. 
 They were surprised at his temerity, but by no means displeased at the novel accession to 
 their ranks. What other man in the United States, engrafted, brought up, and trained as 
 he was, would have dared to have left the ranks which he apparently had been so immova- 
 bly fixed, and taken to the republishing of old books, the sale of which would be doubtful 
 and limited if even successful V To be sure, Lackington the mammoth bookseller, was a 
 member of the same craft, but he was simply a bookseller, and not a publisher, till he be- 
 came wealthy ; thus ending where Dodge commenced. All who have seen his cheerful, 
 smiling countenance, and experienced a hearty grasp of his muscular hand, will become 
 prepossessed in his favor. Dr. Bell, in his famous Bridgewater treatise on the Meclianics of 
 the Hand, before writing that book must have had a grasp of his hand, or some one equally 
 powerful, or he certainly could not have written so eloquently and learnedly, on the use 
 and power of this indispensable organ. A man is to be commended as well as admired 
 who can strike out from the beaten tract he has been grounded in from his youtli and up- 
 wards, it indicates mind as well as self-rehance, a combination of such qualities is in a 
 great majority of cases the cause of success. Mr Dodge is a native of New England, a 
 small and sterile spot situated on the eastern sliores of the vast continent of North America 
 hemmed in by the St. Lawrence gulf, a diminutive and uncongenial nook of territory which 
 has produced more active and enterprising spirits, than the whole of the country besides. 
 These hardy, self-relying men are to be found scattered over every state in the union as well 
 as all over the world. Mr. Dods'e has long resided in Cincinnati, so long as Paddy has said, 
 that he has become a native. He has alt'ernately been a mechanic, a musician, book-pub- 
 lisher, and a soldier. In the last capacity he served through the whole of the wars of the 
 southern rebellion Western Memorabilia. 
 
 CRISIS, THE, Containing XXVIII Numbers. 12mo, pp. 236. 
 
 London, printed, New York, reprinted, by John Anderson, at Beekman Slip. 
 
 M.DCC.LXXVI 
 
 The author of these Essays and Poems appears to have been a kind of a little Junius, 
 having all his intense venom and somewhat coarser invective, but without his puugeut 
 abilities. The principal object of his attacks would appear to be Lords Bute, North and 
 Mansfield, not forgetting George III. He anathematizes that trio, for their attempts at in- 
 ft'inging upon the vested rights of Englishmen and their unwarranted and tyrannical at- 
 tempts to govern the British American Colonies in violation of law and the British Con- 
 stitution, tliereby causing the colonies to resort to arms in defence of their sacred rights. 
 He calls upon and urges the Americans to resist these minions of power, witli an earnest- 
 ness and a bitterness that sounds like eufuriated rage. The following passage riiay be 
 taken as a specimen. " Ye conspirators against the liberties of mankincl at St. James's in 
 St Stephen's Cliapel, the House of Lords, or amongst the bench of Satanical bishops, you 
 must sm-ely think there is no God to judge, nor hell to receive you ; or you could never be 
 so far abandoned as to stain your hands, and consent to dye the plains of America with the 
 innocent blood of her inhabitants." The volume must be of great rarity, as this is the 
 only second copy that I have fallen in with in my researches, and they have been many and 
 minute Western Memorabilia. 
 
 CROSS, MRS. L. A. L. Portraiture and Pencilings of the late Mrs. L. A. L. 
 Cross. By her husband. 12mo, pp. 352, $2. Nashville, Tenn., 1851 
 
 CULLUM, CAPT. GEO. W. Description of a system of military bridges, with 
 India-rttbber pontoons prepared for the use of the United States Army, 8vo, 
 plates, $2. New York, 1849 
 
 CULLUM, GEORGE W. Register of the officers and graduates of the United 
 States Military Academy at West Point, N. Y., from March 16th, 1802 to 
 January 1st, 1850. 12mo, pp. 303, |2. New York, 1850 
 
 CYNICK (The). By Growler Gruff, Esquire, aided by a confederacy of lettered 
 dogs. 18mo, pp. 210, extremely rare, $5. Philadelphia, 1812 
 
 DAGUERREOTYPE (The). A Magazine of Foreign Literature and Science com- 
 piled chiefly from the periodical publications of England, France and Germany. 
 3 vols., royal 8vo, half sheep, $6. Boston, 1847-49 
 
 DAILY, CHARLES P. The Nature, Extent and History of the Judicature of the 
 Surrogate's Court of the State of New York, 8vo, pp. 54, cloth, $3. N. Y., 1863 
 
 DALCHO, FREDERICK. Historical Account of the Protestant Episcopal Church, 
 in South Carolina, from the first settlement of the province to the war of the 
 revolution, and some account of the early civil history of Carolina never before 
 published, &c., &c. 8vo, sheep, pp. 621, $3. Charleston, 1820 
 
[ I'J ] 
 
 DANKERS, JASPER, and PETER SLUYTER. Journal of n voyage to New York 
 
 and a Tour in sevi'val of the American colonies, in 1G79-80, translated from 
 
 the oriii-inal manuscript in Dutch by the Hon. Henry C. Mm-phy. Twelve maps 
 
 and plates. 8vo, pj). 41)5, ){;5. ' ' Brooklyn, 1867 
 
 This forms the first vohime of the Long Island Ilistorical Society publications. ' 
 
 DAVIS, ANDREW JACKSON. The Great Harmonia, being a philosoiihical re- 
 velation of the natural, spiritual, aud celestial universe. The Phvsician, 
 Teacher, Seer, and Reformer, 4 vols., 12nio, cloth, |C. New York, 1858 
 
 DAVIS, JOHN, Travels in Louisiana and the Floridas, in the year 1802, giving 
 a correct picture of these countries, from the French. 12mo, $1.50. 
 
 New York, 1806 
 
 DAVIS, JOHN. An Eulogy on General Qeoi'ge Washington, pronounced at Bos- 
 ton on Wednesday, February lOtli, 1800, before the American Academy of Arts 
 and Sciences. 4to, pp. 24. Boston, 1800 
 
 DAVIES, JOHN. The History of th(^ Carribby Islands, viz : Barbadoes, St. Chris- 
 topher's, St. Vincent's, Martinico, Doininico, Barbouthos, Monserat, Nevis, 
 Antego, &c., in all 28, in two books, the first containing the natural, the second 
 the moral history of the Islands. Illustrated witli several pi(!ces of sculpture 
 representing the most cousideral)le rarefies therein described \\-ith a Carrib- 
 bean vocal)ulary. Plates, $5. London, 1666 
 
 DEACON GILES DISTILLERY, The Dreamer, or tlie true history of, and deacon 
 Janes Brewery. Reported for the benefit of posterity. Wood-cuts, pam])hlet, 8vo, 
 pp. 24, $5. ■ New York, 1846 
 
 DEBATES. Resolutions and other Proceedings of the Convention of the Common- 
 wealtli of Massachusetts, convened at Boston on the 9tli of January 1748, and 
 continued until the 7th of February following, for the ])urpose of assenting to 
 and ratifying the constitution recommended by the Grand Federal Convention, 
 together witli the yea's and nay's on the decision of the Grand Question to 
 which the Federal constitution is prefixed. 12mo, pp. 219, $2. Boston, 1778 
 
 DEHON, THEODORE, D. D. Semions on the Public Means of Grace, on the 
 Fasts and Festivals of the Church, Scripture Characters, and various practical 
 subjects. 2d American edition. 3 vols., 8vo, clotli, .$5. New York, 1856 
 
 DE L'ETAT, et du sort des Colonies des Ancens Peuples. Ouvrage dans legue 
 on trait du government des anciennes republeques, de leui' drout ])ublie, etc., 
 avec des observations sur les colonies des nations moderns etc., la conduit des 
 Angloes en America. 8vo, $3.50. Philadeljjhia, 1779 
 
 DEMOCRATIC REVIEW. Edited by Spencer H. Cone, illustrated with 29 por- 
 traits, 1856 to 1858, 2 vols, large and thick. 8vo, half bound in dark morocco, 
 $5. New York, 1856-58 
 
 DEVEREUX, RACHEL. Poetical Pieces, written on several occasions of unfortu- 
 nate and unhappy Facts. To wliicli is added an P^ssay on Masonry, and an 
 Address to Spring. Also the Portrait of Masonry composed by brother Deve- 
 reux. 8vo, uncut, unbound, pp. 29, $5. New York, 1803 
 
 DEWES, JACOB. The Cireat Future of America and Africa, an Essay showing our 
 wliole duty to the black man, consistent with our own safety and glory. 8vo, 
 pp. 236, $7.50. Philad('li)h"ia, 1854 
 
 DEXTER, TIMOTHY. A Pickle for the Knowing Ones. Rude full length pr)r- 
 trait, 12mo, i)am])hlet, $1.50. Nevvburyport, 1848 
 
 DICKINSON, ANDREW. My First Visit to Europe; or Sketches of Society, 
 Scenery, and Anticpiities of England, Wales, Ireland, Scotland aud France. 
 Fifth Edition, 12m<., pp. 214, 75ctH. New York, 1856 
 
 DICKINSON, DANIEL S. Speeclies, Correspondtmce, etc., of. Edited with a 
 Bioo-rauhv by his brotlier John R. Dickinson. 2 vols., 8vo, cloth, $6. 
 
 " NewYork, 1867 
 
 DICKINSON, JOHN, 'J'lie political writings of, late i)resi(Ii'nt of state of Dela- 
 ware, and of the commonwealth of Pennsylvania. 2 V()l8., 8vo. 
 
 Wilmington, 1801 
 
 Dickin^-on was one of the most efficient promoters of the American revolution. His letters 
 
 signed Fat)iiis were written and published to stimulate the public mind, to acquiesce in and 
 
[20] 
 
 adopt the Federal Constitution. They consequently form an appropriate pendant to the 
 Federalist. In his political opinions he was a consistent advocate of a republican form of 
 government, and in his religious dogmas and practices, was a disciple of George Fox, and 
 Wm. Penn. He was born in Maryland, December, 1732, and died in Philadelphia, February 
 15, 1808. 
 
 DICKSON, A. F. Plantation Sermons, or .plain and familiar discourses for the 
 instruction of the unlearned. 32mo, pp. 170, fl. Phila., 1856 
 
 DIPLOMATIC CORRESPONDENCE (The), on the American Revolution, edited 
 by Jared Sparks. 12 vols., 8vo, $24. Boston, 1839 
 
 DIPLOMATIC CORRESPONDENCE of the United States Government, or papers 
 relating to Foreign Affairs accompanying the Annual Message of the Presi- 
 dent,to both Houses of Congress for the year 1864. 4 vols., 8vo. Wash., 1865 
 
 DODD, WILLIAM. Thoughts in Prison ; in five parts, viz : the Imprisonment, 
 Retrospect, Public Pmiishment, The Trial, Futurity ; to which are added, his 
 Last Prayer, written in the night before his death, and other miscellaneous 
 pieces. 8vo, pp. 232. Boston, 1773 
 
 DOUGLAS, STEPHEN ARNOLD. A Voter's Version of the life and character 
 of, by Robert B. Warden. 13mo, pp. 131, $1.00. Columbus, 1860 
 
 DOW, JR. Short Patent Sermons. 3 vols., 12mo, paper, $4. New York, 1850 
 
 DOWNING, MAJOR JACK, of Dovvningsville, away Down East in the State of 
 Maine, The Life and Writings of, written by himself 2d edition. Wood- 
 cuts, 12mo, pp. 360. Boston, 1834 
 
 DOWNING, MAJOR JACK. Letters of. 18mo, pp. 367. New York, 1834 
 
 It is not generally known that two different authors assumed the name of Jack Downing, 
 but such is the fact. The one, Seba Smith, the otheraMr. Davies, the formeradown-easter, 
 the latter a Knickerbocker. 
 
 DRAKE, CHARLES D. Union and Anti-Slavery Speeches, delivered during the 
 Rebellion. 13mo, cloth, $3. Cincinnati, 1864 
 
 DRANE, R. B. Historical Notices of St. James Parish, Wilmington, North Caro- 
 lina. 18mo, pp. 36, $1. Phila., 1843 
 
 DUANE, W. J. The Law of Nations, investigated in a popular manner, ad- 
 dressed to the Farmers of the U. S. 8vo, pp. 108, no cover, $1. Phila., 1809 
 
 DUCHE, JACOB. Discourses on various Subjects. 3 vols., 8vo, calf, $5. 
 
 London, 1779 
 
 DUFFIELD, JOHN T. The Princeton Pulpit, a collection of sermons preached 
 there by eminent divines. 8vo, i^p. 326. New York, 1853 
 
 DUFFIELD, JOHN T. A Discourse delivered at the opening of the Synod of 
 New Jersey, in the first Presbyterian church of Elizabeth, N. J., October 16, 
 1866, with notes and an appendix. 13mo, pp. 64. Phila., 1866 
 
 DURAND, JAMES R, The Life and Adventures of, during a period of fifteen 
 years, from 1801 to 1816, in which time he was impressed on board of the 
 British fleet, and held in detestable bondage for more than seven years. 
 13mo, pp. 139, $6. Rochester, N. Y., 1820 
 
 DUTCH CHURCH. Magazine of the Reformed Dutch Church for 1837, '28, '29,- 
 '30. 4 vols., 8vo, half calf New York, 1827,-30 
 
 DUYCKINCK, EVERT A. National Portrait Gallery of eminent Americans, 
 including orators, statesmen, naval and military heroes, jurists, authors, etc., 
 etc., from original full length paintings by Alonzo Chappel, with biograph- 
 ical and historical narratives. 2 vols., 4to, pp. 492, 470, 119 portraits, $12. 
 
 New York, 1863 
 
 ECCLESIASTICAL LAW, A new phase in, and Presbyterian Church Govern- 
 ment, as recently administered in the session of the Madison Square Church, 
 and in the Fourth Prcjsbytery of New York, being also an Explanation and 
 Appeal to members of said church. 8vo, pp. 62 $1.50. New York, 1863 
 
 EDINBURGH REVIEW, or Critical Journal. 11th edition, from vol. 1, 1802, to 
 vol. 55, 1832, with an Index to the first 20 vols., 56 vols. 8vo, half calf, in 
 good condition, $56. Edinb., 1821-43 
 
[21] 
 
 EDUCATION, American Annals of, and Instruction, being a continuation of the 
 American Journal of Education, edited by W. C. Woodbridfje. From 1831 
 to 1836, both inclusive. 7 vols., 8vo, boards, $14. Boston, 1831-36 
 
 EDWARDS, CHARLES. Feathers from my own Wings, a collection of Essays 
 in Prose and Poetry, namely : Tecumseh, Use of Rings, the Widow's Son, tlie 
 Indians, and others'. 12m(), pp. 200, $2. New York, 1823 
 
 EDWARDS, JONATHAN, Two Dissertations by ; First, concerning the End for 
 w]>.ich (lod created the World. Second, the Nature of True Virtue, 290. Bos- 
 ton, ITGo. Thomas Cla^i's Essay on Moral Virtue, and Obligation, ]>]>. GO. N. 
 Haven, 1765. Samuel Hopkins' two discourses : on the Necessity of the know 
 ledge of the Grace of God. Second, On Being Born Again, pp. 65. Bat., 1768, 
 The three bound in one vol., 12mo, $5. v. d. 
 
 ELDER, ^YILT-'IAM. The Genius of Ecclesiastical Freedom, comprising the de- 
 claration of Divine Order, made by the first convention of the new church in 
 Union Co., Indiana, also an exposition of the order of Divine Order. 12mo, $2. 
 
 Cincinnati, 1843 
 
 ELLIOT, JOHN. The Life of the First Missionary to the Indians in North Ame- 
 rica, by Cotton Mather. 18mo, pp. 112. London, 1820 
 
 ELLET, ELIZABETH F. The Women of the American Revolution. 3 vols., 12mo, 
 cloth, seven portraits, $6. New York, 1853 
 
 ELLICOTT, ANDREW, The Journal of, for determining the boundary between 
 the United States, and the ]Jossessions of his Catholic majesty in America. 
 Remarks on the situation, soil, rivers, natural productions and disease's of the 
 different countries on the Ohio, Mississippi, and Gulf of Mexico, &c., &c. Maps 
 4to, calf $6 Philadelphia, 1803 
 
 ELLIOT, JOHN. The Medical Pocket-Book for those who are and for all who wish 
 to be, physicians, containing a short but plain account of the symptoms, 
 causes and methods of cure, of the diseases incidents to the human bodv, &c., 
 &c. 8vo, pp. 74, |5. Philadelphia, 1784 
 
 ELLIOT, JONATHAN. The American Diplomatic Code, embracing a collection 
 of treaties and conventions between tlie United States and foreign powers 
 from 1778 to 1834, with an abstract of important judicial decisions, on points 
 connected with our foreign relations, also a concise diplomatic manual con- 
 taining a summary of the law of nations, from the works of Wic{]uefort, Vattle, 
 Martens, Ward, Kent, Stor)', &c., &c., and other diplomatic writings on ques- 
 tions of international law. 2 vols.,8vo, $12. Washington, 1834 
 
 ELLIOT, JONATHAN. The Funding System of the United States and of Great 
 Britain with some tabular facts of other nations touclung the same suljject, 
 ])p. xxiv, 12!)!), $5. ^ Washington, 1845 
 
 ELLSWORTH, II. W. Valley of the Upper Wabash, Indiana, witli hints on its 
 
 • agricultural advantages. Phm of a dwelling, estimates of cultivation and 
 
 notices of labor-saving machines. Map, and plates, 12mo, $1.50. N. Y., 1838 
 
 EMIGRATION. Annual Reports of the Commissioners of Emigration of the 
 state of New York, from the organization of the; Commission, May 5, 1847 
 to 1800 inclusive, with Reports, etc. 8vo, pp. 4!)!), $3. New York, 1861 
 
 EMMONS, NATHANIEL (One of the Old New England Divines). His Works 
 collected and edited by Jacob Ide. Portrait, 7 vols., 8vo, sheep, $10. 
 
 Boston, 1842 
 
 EMORY, W. II. Notes of a Military reconnoissance from Fort Leavenworth, in 
 Missouri, to San Diego, in California, including jjart of tlie Arkansas, Del 
 Norte, and Gila rivers. 61 plates and 5 nuips, 8vo, clotli, pp. (!14, $3. 
 
 Washington, 1848 
 
 EMPORIUM of Arts and Scit^nces, (iditcd by John Redman Cox and Thomas 
 Cooper. Numerous mechanical plates and portraits. 4 vols., 8vo, lialf 
 bound, in good order, $6. Philadelpliia, 1812, 1H13 
 
 ENGLAND, JOHN (Roman Catholic Bishop of Charieston, S. C.). A Discourse 
 preacluid in tlie Hall of the House of Kepresentatives <if the Congress of the 
 United States, Jan. 8, 1820. 2d edition, 8vo, ]ip. 50. Charleston, S. C., 1832 
 
[22] 
 
 ENGLISH, G. B. Five Pebbles from the Brook ; beincr a reply to a defense of 
 Cliristianity. Written by Edward Everett, etc. 12mo, boards, $1.25 
 
 Philadelphia, 1824 
 
 EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF NEW YORK. Journals of the Conventions of said 
 Diocese, from 1829 to 1856, both inclusive. Bound in 4 vols., 8vo, |20. 
 
 New York, 1829-56 
 
 ESSAYS on Various Subjects of Taste, Morals, and National Policy. By a citizen 
 of Virginia. 8vo. $1.50. Georgetown, 1823 
 
 ESSEX INSTITUTE, Proceedings of the, 1848 to 1863. 3 vols., 8vo, half mo- 
 rocco, $7.50. Salem, 1856-04 
 
 EUROPEAN Life and Landscape. By an Artist. 8vo, cloth, gilt edges, $2. 
 
 Philadelphia, 1859 
 
 EVERETT, EDWARD. Orations and Speeches on various occasions. 3 vols., 
 8vo, cloth, portrait, $8. Boston, 1853-59 
 
 All who have risen to notoriety anions^ their fellow men, have either been overrated or 
 underrated. The Boston Demosthenes will find a niche among the former class. 
 
 EVERETT, EDWARD. Eulogy on Thomas Dowse of Cambridgeport, pro- 
 nounced before the Massachusetts Historical Society, 9th December, 1858. 
 With an introduction by R. C. Winthrop. 8vo, pp. 82, $1.50. Boston, 1859 
 EVERGREEN (The). A Repository of Religious, Literary and Entertaining 
 Knowledge for Families. Plates, 3 vols., royal 8vo, cloth, $6.00. 
 
 New York, 1850, etc. 
 This interesting; periodical gives a short history of a number of the Protestant Episcopal 
 Churches of the city of New York, besides elegant engraved views of eight of the principal 
 ones, with other engravings. 
 
 EVERSHAW, MARY. Five Years in Pennsylvania. 12mo, cloth, pp. 227, $2. 
 
 Loudon, 1840 
 
 EXHIBITION, 1853. Official Catalogue of the New York Exhibition of the In- 
 dustry of all Nations, 1853. Jury. Interleaved with blank paper. 12mo, $1. 
 
 New York, 1853 
 
 EYE (The). (A Periodical) by Obadiah Optic. Vol. 1, 12mo, pp. 316, $2. 
 
 Philadelphia, 1808 
 
 FAIRFIELD, JANE. The Life of Summer Lincoln Fairfield, Esq. 12mo, por- 
 trait, $1. New York, 1846 
 
 FELTMAN, WILLIAM, The Journal of Lieut., of the First Pennsylvania Regi- 
 ment, 1781-82, including the march into Virginia and the siege of Yorktown. 
 8vo, boards, uncut, pp. 48, $2. 
 
 Philadelphia, For the Pennsylvania Historical Society, 1853 
 
 FERRIS, ISAAC. Semi-Centennial Memorial Discourse of the New York Sun- 
 day School Union, delivered on the 25th of February, 1866, in the R. D. 
 Church, 29th St. and 5th Av. 12mo, pp. 120, $2. New York, i866 
 
 FINDLEY, WILLIAM. Observations on " The Two Sons of Oil," containing a 
 Vindication of the American Constitutions, and defending the blessings of 
 Religious Liberty and Toleration, against the illiberal strictures of tjie Rev. 
 S. B. Wylie. 12mo, pp. 366, $2. Pittsburgh, 1812: 
 
 FISHERIES. Report on the Principal Fisheries of American Seas, by Lorenzo 
 Sabine. 8vo, pp. 317, $5. Washington, 1853 
 
 FISHER'S RIVER (North Carolina). Scenes and Characters, by " Skitt," " who 
 was raised thar." Illustrated by John M'Lenan. 13mo, pp. 269. 
 
 New York, 1859 
 
 FLINT, TIMOTHY. A Condensed Geography and History of the Western 
 States, or the Mississippi Valley. 2 vols., 8vo, half calf, $5. Cincinnati, 1828 
 
 FLORIDA ; Ensayo Cronologico, Para La Historia General De La Florida, desde 
 el ano de 1512. Que descubrio la Florida, Juan Ponce de Leon, hasta, el de 
 1722. Folio, pp. 422, $5. Madrid, 1723 
 
 FOOTE, W. H. Sketches of Virginia, Historical and BiogTaphical. Second Se- 
 ries. 8vo, cloth, $3.50. Philadelphia, 1855 
 
[23] 
 
 FORESTERS (The), an American Tale ; being a Sequel to John Bidl the Cloth- 
 ier. Second edition^ revised and considerably enlarged. 18mo, pp. 240, $5. 
 
 Boston, Printed by Isaiah Thomas, 1796 
 
 FORREST, EDWIN. The Replies from England, etc., to Certain Statements 
 circulated in the country respecting Mr. ISIacready. 8vo, pp. 21. 
 
 N ew York, Stringer & Townsend, 1849 
 
 FORSTER, JOHN R. History of the Voyages and Discoveries made in the 
 North, translated from the German. Map, Svo, boards, $3. Dublin, 1786 
 
 FORT PILLOW MASSACRE, Report of the Joint Committee on, plates repre- 
 senting the doleful Condition of the Emaciated and Dying Pri.soners. 8vo, 
 pp. 1(!2, §1.25. ' Washington, 1864 
 
 FOWLER, REGINALD, Hither and Thither ; or Sketches of Travels on both 
 sides of the Atlantic. Svo, cloth, f 2. London, 1854 
 
 FOX, GEORGE. A Journal, or Historical Account of the Life, Travels, SufForings, 
 Christian Experiences, and Labor of Love in the Work of tlio Ministry. 5th 
 edition, 2 vols., 8vo, sheep, $4. Philadclpliia, 1808 
 
 FOX, GEORGE, Journal of, being an Historical Account of the Life, Travels, 
 Sufferings, Cliristian Experiences, and Labor of Love in the Work of the 
 Ministry, of that eminent and faithful servant of Jesus Christ, who departed 
 this life, Nov. 13, 1690. 7th edition, with notes, etc., by W. Armistead. 
 2 vols., 12mo, cloth, $4. London, 1853 
 
 FRANCIS, JOHN W. Old New York , or Reminiscences of the past sixty years. 
 Being an enlarged and revised edition of the Anniversary Discoiirse delivered 
 before the N. Y. Historical Society, 1857. 12mo, pp. 384, $2. New York, 1858 
 
 FRANCIS, S. W. Biograi)hical Sketches of seventeen distinguished living New 
 York Surgeons. Portrait of Dr. Valentine Mott. 12mo, cloth, $1.25. 
 
 New York, 1866 
 
 FRANCIS, VALENTINE M. A Treatise on Hospital Hygiene, for the degree of 
 Doctor of Medicine in the Universitv of New York. Portraits of Dr. V. Mott, 
 J. W. Francis, and J. W. Francis, Jr. 8vo, cloth, $1.50. New York, 1859 
 
 FRANKLIN, B. M. T. Cicero's Cato Major, or Discourse on Old Age. Addressed 
 to Titus Pomponius Atticus, with explanatory notes. Portrait of Dr. Frank- 
 lin. 8vo, half calf, $3. London, 1778 
 
 FRANKLIN, BENJAMIN, Works of, containing several Political and Historical 
 Tracts, not included in any fonner edition, and many letters, official and ])ri- 
 vate, not liithertti published. With notes and a Life of the Author, by Jared 
 Si)arks. Portrait, 10 vols., Svo, cloth, $20. Boston, 1860 
 
 FREE ENQUIRER, The. Second Series, edited bv Francis Wright, Robert Dale 
 Owen, and Robert L. Jennings. From Oct. 29] 1828 to Oct. 20. 1832. 4 vols., 
 bound in 2, 4to, $8. New York, 1829-32 
 
 FREEMAN, SAMUEL. The Emigrant's Hand Book, and Guide to Wisconsin, 
 comjmsing information respecting Agricultural and Manufacturing Emi)loy- 
 ment, wages, climate, etc., Sketch of Milwaukee, its rise and progress, etc., 
 etc. Svo, $1.50. Milwaukee, 1851 
 
 FULTON, ROBERT. A Treatise on the Improvement of Canal Navigation ; 
 Exhibiting the numerous advantages to be derived from Suuill Canals, with 
 a description of the machinf-ry for facilitating conveyance l)y water tlirough the 
 most mountainous countries, inde])endent of Locks and A(|ue(lucts. With 
 thoughts on, and designs for, Afjueducts and Bridgesof Iron and AVood. Illus- 
 trated ^vith 17 i)lates. 4to, portrait, jip. 160, $25. London, 1796 
 
 FULTON, ROBERT, The; Life of, bv his friend, C. Colden. Portrait, Svo, 
 calf, $3. ■ ' New York, 1817 
 
 FURM.\N, (JARIUT. The Maspetli Poems : (otherwise Long Island). Portrait 
 and six fine steel engravings. Miniature 4to, pp. 128, fine cli-an cojiy, $5.75. 
 
 N.>w York, 1837 
 
 FURMAN, WOOD. History of the ( 'harleston Association of Baptist Churches in 
 the state of South Carolina, with an ajipendix, &c. 12mo, $1.50. 
 
 Charleston, ISl 1 
 
[ 24 J 
 
 FUTURE, Anticipations of the, to serve as lessons for the present time, in the 
 form of Extracts of Letters from an English Resident in the United States to the 
 London Times, from 1864 to 1870, with an appendix, on the causes and conse- 
 quences of the independence of the South. 13mo, cloth, pp. 425, $2. 
 
 Richmond, Va., 1860 
 GALLAHER, JAMES. The Western Sketch-Book. 12mo, pp. 408, $2. 
 
 Boston, 1850 
 
 GALLATIN, ALBERT. Considerations on the Currency and Banking System of 
 
 the United States. Svo, pp. 108, $1. Philadelphia, 1831 
 
 GALLATIN, ALBERT. A Sketch of the Finances of the United States, pp. 202, 
 New York, 1790. Also Report of the Secretary of the Treasury, 1785, Gen. 
 Hamilton. In 1 vol., 8vo, $5. New York, and Washing-ton, 1795 
 
 GALLATIN, ALBERT. A skejtch of the Finances of the United States. Svo, pp. 
 
 205, $2. New York, 1796 
 
 GANG, JOHN. Biographical Memoir of, Frankford Kentucky formerly of the city 
 
 of New York. 12mo, pp. 151. New York, 1806 
 
 GARDEN OF THE SOUL, or Manual of Spiritual Exercise and Instruction 
 (Roman Catholic). 18mo, Matthew Carey, 118 Market Street, April 23d, $2. 
 
 Philadelphia, 1792 
 Curious as well as interesting as being one of Carey's early publications. 
 
 GARDENER'S CALENDAR, (The), for North Carolina, South Carolina, and 
 Georgia, by Robert Squibb, with amendments and additions. 12mo, pp. 170, 
 $1.50. Charlestown, 1809 
 
 GAURARD, LEWIS H. Chambersburg in the Colony and the Revolution. A 
 Sketch. 8vo, cloth, |2. Phila., 1856 
 
 GATES, T. K. A Measuring Reed, to separate between the precious and the 
 vile. In two parts. 18mo, $2. Phila., 1815 
 
 GENIUS OF UNIVERSAL EMANCIPATION. A Monthly Periodical, Work 
 containing Original Essays, Documents and Facts relative to the subject of 
 African Slavery, edited by Benjamin Lundy, portrait of Elisha Tyson. Svo, 
 pp. about 500, $2. Baltimore, 1830-31 
 
 GEOLOGICAL REPORTS, MEXICO. Reports of the Mexican Pacific Coal and 
 Iron Mining Company's Exploring Expedition to the States of Guerrero and 
 Michoacan, Republic of Mexico, 1856-7. Twelve maps. Svo, pp. 171. Pri- 
 vately printed, $10. New York, 1858 
 
 GEOLOGY. Railroad to the Pacific, Northern Route. Its general character, rela- 
 tive merits, by Edwin E. Johnson. Second edition, Svo, pp. 176, map and 
 plate, $5. New York, 1854 
 
 GEOLOGY. Report of a Geological Exploration of part of Iowa, Wisconsin and 
 Illinois, by David Dale Owen. Many maps and geological plates. Svo, jip. 
 161, |3., unbound. Wash., 1840 
 
 GEOLOGY. The American Mining Gazette and Geological Magazine, 7 Nos., 
 1854-5-6, $2.50. New York, 1864 
 
 GEOLOGY. Report of the Geology of the State of Connecticut, by James G. Per- 
 cival. Map, Svo, pp. 495, $6. New Haven, 1842 
 
 GEOLOGY. Cannelton, Perry County, Ind., at the intersection of the Eastern 
 Margin of the Illinois Coal Basin, by the Ohio River ; its natural advantages 
 as a site for manufactiu-iug. Svo, pp. 108. Louis\ille, 1850 
 
 GEOLOGY. Mineral Resources of the States and Territories, west of the Rocky 
 Mountains, by J. Ross Brown. Svo, pp. 646, $5. Washington, 1868 
 
 GEOLOGY. Report of the Geology and Topography of a portion of the Lake 
 Superior Land District in the State of Michigan, by J. W. Foster and J. D. 
 Whitney. 3 vols., Svo, one ah Atlas mth several maps and plates, $10.50. 
 
 Wash., 1850-51 
 
 GEOLOGY. Report upon the Mineral Resources of the States and Territories 
 west of the Rocky Mountains. Svo, pp. 321, $4. Washington, 1867 
 
[ 25 ] 
 
 GIBBS, GEORGE. Memoirs of the Administration of Washington and John 
 Adams, edited from the papers of Oliver Woolcott. 2 vols., 8vo, pp. 5G3, 590, 
 portrait, $5. New York, 1840 
 
 GIFFORD, WILLIAM. The Baviad and Maviad, a Political Satire with epistle 
 to Peter Pinder and the proceedino-s of the trial of R. Faulder, bookseller, for 
 sellino: the Baviad for publishino; a libel on John Williams Alie. Anthony 
 Pasiiune Cobbett wrote the American preface. 2 vols., 12mo, half calf $5. 
 
 New York, 1800 
 
 GILLESS, J. M. Astronomical Observations made at Washington, under direc- 
 tions of the Secretary of the Navy. 8vo, unbound, uncut, $2. Wash., 1845 
 
 GIRARD COLLEGE, and its Founder, containing the biography of Mr. (Jirard, his- 
 torv of the institution, its organization, &c., &c., and the will of Mr Girard, by 
 H.'W. Ai-ey. 12mo, portrait and plate. $1.50. Philadelphia, 1865 
 
 GIRARD, STEPHEN, the Will of the late, procured from the office for the probate 
 of wills, with a short biography of his life. 8vo, pp. 36, $1. Philadelphia, 1832 
 
 GISBORNE, LIONEL. The Isthmus of Darien in 1852. Journal of the Expedi- 
 of Inquirv for the Junction of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. With 4 Maps, 
 12mo. pp. 238. New York, 1853 
 
 GOBRIGHT, J. C. The New York Sketch Book, and Merchant's G aide, being a re- 
 liable directory for visiting merchants, &c., trade, manufacture and the me- 
 chanic arts. 12mo, pr. cover, $1.50. New York, 1858 
 
 GODMAN, JOHN D. American Natural History, many fine plates. 3 vols., 8vo, 
 boards uncut, $6. Philadelphia, 1826 
 
 GORDON, WILLIAM. The History of the Rise, Progress and Establishment of the 
 Independence of the United States of America. Third American edition, 3 vols., 
 8vo, sheep, $6. New York, 1801 
 
 GORDON. A poor (■o])y, not uniform. 3 vols., 8vo, $3.50. New York, 1801 
 
 Gordon's liistorv liastlir ii|)iitiition of being the best and most authentic history of the 
 stnigyle for American TiideiKMidonce. 
 
 GOSPEL (The), of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, according to Saint Matthew, 
 translated into the Mohawk language by A. Hill and continued by J. N. 
 Wilkes, Jr., Grand river. Upper Canada, (English and Mohawk)^ 12mo, pp. 197, 
 
 New York, 1831 
 
 GOTHAM AND THE GOTHAMITES. A medely ; a poetical satire on the leading 
 characters of New York, written by Mr. Judah, 18mo, pp. 93. N. Y., 1823 
 
 For an account of the author see introduction to the prices of John Allan collection. Ilia 
 copy sold for $5. 
 
 GOULD, JOHN W. Private Journal of a Voyage from New York to Rio de Ja 
 neiro, together with a brief sketch of his life and his occasional writings 
 Privately printed. Sv^o, ])p. 207, map, $5. New York, 1839 
 
 GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES. An Exposition of the Weak 
 ness and Inefficiency of the Government of the United States of North Ame- 
 rica. 12mo, ])]). 380. Privately ])rinted lor the Author, $5. Sine loco, 1884 
 This book, like the notorious letter of Junius, on the Whole Duty of Man, or any other 
 anonymous work which has risen into reputation, the authorship of this hook has been at- 
 tributed to Ici^ions, amon<; them, a Mr. Mercer of Virginia, Chancellor Bebb of Kentucky, 
 John (iuincv .\dams. &c., &c. llnrc book. It was reproduced in London during the war 
 of the Kebelliou to aid the secession cause. 
 
 QRAFFIGNY. Letter of a P(Tuvian Princess, translated from the French, witli 
 the Sequel taken from a Si)anisli Manuscript. New edition, French and Eng- 
 lish. 2 vols., 8vo, ])()rtrait and plates, $2.50. Paris, 1807 
 
 GRAHAM, REV. DAVID. Tiie Pioneer, consisting of Essays, Literary, Moral, 
 and Theological. 8vo, pp. 301. " Pittsburg, 1812 
 
 GRAY, ASA. Botany. Plianerogamia, U. S., Exploring Expedition. 4to, with 
 a Folio Atlas of 100 iilates. 2 vols., half moroc<;o, $60. New York, 1854 
 
 GRAY, BARRY AND JOHN SAVA(jiE. Ale, in Prose and Verse, with numerous 
 Illustrations, jjrivately printt^d. Royal 8vo, ]>]>. 97. New York, 186(5 
 
 GREELEY, HORACE. History of the Struggle; for Slavery Extension or Re- 
 striction in the United States, from the Declaration of Independence to the 
 present day, etc., etc. 8vo, cloth, $1.50. New York, 1850 
 
 4 
 
[20] 
 
 GREEN, J-. H. Twelve Days in the Tombs ; or, A Sketch of the Last Eiffht 
 Years of the Reformed Gambler's Life. 13mo, pp. 240, $2. New York, 1850 
 
 GREEN HAND'S First Cruise (A). Roughed out from the log-book of memory 
 of 25 years standing, with Residence of five months in Dartmoor, bv A. 
 Younker. 3 vols., 13mo, cloth, $2.50. Boston, 1841 
 
 GREEN _ MOUNTAIN SPRING. Devoted to Discussions and Infonnation con- 
 cerning the po])ular and medical use of Water ; to a report of Water-cure 
 treatment ; to the nurture and education of children ; to Diet and Health. 
 Roj-al 8vo, pp. 500, $3. Brattleboro, Vt., 1846 
 
 GREENE, ALBERT G., Catalogue of the Private Library of. Sold in the city 
 of New York, by auction, March 29th, and the following days. 8vo, pp. 521, 
 unbound, uncut, $2. New York, 1869 
 
 The peculiarities of this collection were three-fold. First, it embraced an unparalleled 
 assemblage of pamphlets chiefly relating to America, touching upon innumerable topics. 
 Second, tlie vast mass of volumes, the production of American poets and rhymsters, was 
 doubtless unique, taking up not less than eighteen hundred and fifteen numbers in the cata- 
 logue, in all about three thousand volumes of poetry. Who could have supposed that 
 America could have produced so much poetry during her short existence? Third, the 
 prodigious congregation of dirty second hand hymn books, which seemed rather surprising 
 that such a collector of surroundings should have fancied to fill his shelves with such worth- 
 less literature. A collection of all and every hymn book is a very proper and appropriate 
 adjunct to every public library, but to put "them into a private collection is like choking 
 an elegantly furnished parlor with a quantity of broken and dilapidated furniture, filling 
 up space, and so obscuring the useful and ornamental pieces. The catalogue is elaborately, 
 but not judiciously made out. Many books are annouuced as scarce, with an expensive 
 note appended, while the contrary is the fact, every dealer and collector knowing it to be 
 so. Many are catalogued in expensive style which did not briug more than five cents, leav- 
 ing the owner minus three hundred per cent. In the collection not less than one thousand, 
 or perhaps fifteen hundred, ought to have been sold in lots of from twenty to fifty each. 
 Mr. Joseph Sabin should have been the compiler. His wonderful knowledge of books, 
 their various editions, whether rare or plentiful, here or elsewhere, their market value, and 
 divers other peculiarities render him eminently fitted for such an undertaking. The exe- 
 cutors would have saved money by having engaged his services. The catalogue will always 
 possess an interest to American collectors, more especially on account of the three features 
 heretofore mentioned. The sum total realized for the library was about .$8,000. Had the 
 judge been a more liberal buyer, his books to-day would many of them have realized ten 
 times the cost. He seemed to think a rise in the price of any book was preposterous ; and 
 such a conviction prevented him from making many valuable acquisitions. If I remember 
 aright, I once ofl:ercd him Proud's History of Pennsylvania, 2 vols., 8vo, boards, uncut, for 
 $.3. He declined to purchase it on account of the price being too high. Such a copy of 
 that book at his sale would have brought $20. or perhaps more. I sold Judge Furman 
 many books which brought at the sale of his library five, six, and seven times the price he 
 paid for them. For example, Smith's History of New Jerseij, $2, sold for $.30. Denton's 
 New York, $5, sold for $.35. Simple Cobler of Aggawam, original edition, $8, sold for $45 ; 
 and many others sold at equally advanced prices. Respecting the prices realized, they were 
 very erratic. Early American literature and trifles sold at very high prices. Backus'' His- 
 tory of New England, .3 vols., 8vo, sold for $75. Dring's Account of the Jersey Prison Ships, 
 a small volume, not bigger than Webster's Spelling Book, $23. Wehnes'' Life of Washington, 
 a pamphlet, $3, while Oen. McGlellan's Report on European Military Affairs, a quarto 
 volume, with expensive diagrams, sold for twelve and a half cents. A Mr'. Miller's (a Scot- 
 tish divine). Works, ti vols., 12mo, well bound, for seventy-five cents, etc., etc. The stand- 
 ard literature sold at rather moderate figures, perhaps not more than one-half the original 
 cost, while the indift'erent portion brought the veriest dregs of prices. The attendance 
 during the sale was but slim, never rising over twenty-five, and sometimes not half that 
 number. Such a sale thirty years ago would have called the whole of the book hunters in 
 the city, such as was the case during the sale of Dr. John M. Mason's library. The room 
 on that occasion was nightly thronged to excess by the best men of New York. His col- 
 lection cost him twenty thousand dollars and realized but eight thousand. A pretty round 
 figure to pay for the use of books. It is perhaps not gencraHy known that Judge Greene 
 was the author of that famous American ballad, entitled Old Grimes is Bead that Good Old 
 Man Western Memorabilia. 
 
 GREENHOW, ROBERT. Memoir, Historical and Political, on the Northwest 
 Coast of North America, and the adjacent Territories ; Illustrated by a map 
 and a geographical view of those countries. 8vo, pp. 338, $2.50. 
 
 Washington, 1840 
 
 GREENLEAF, MOSES. A Survey of the State of Maine, in reference to its 
 Geographical Features, Statistics and Political Economy, illustrated with 
 maps. 8vo, pp. 468 and a folio vol. of maps, $6.00. Portland, 1829 
 
 GREW, HENRY. Examination of the Divine Testimony concerning the Charac- 
 ter of the Son of God. 12mo, $1. Hartford, 1834 
 
 GRIFFITH, WILLIAM. Historical Notes of the American Colonies and Revolu- 
 tion, from 1754 to 1775. 8vo, pp. 300, $3. Burlington, N. J., 1843 
 
[27] 
 
 GRIM, CHARLES FREDERIC. An Essay towards an Improved Register of 
 Deeds, Citv and County of New York, to December 31, 1799, inclusive. 8vo, 
 pp. 371, |25. ' ISew Yoriv, 1832 
 
 GUEXEBAULT, J. H. Natural History of the Negro Race. Extracted from 
 the French. 12mo, pp. 176, $3. Charlestowu, S. C, 1837 
 
 (xUNEY, WILLIAM. The History of Episcopacy, in four parts, from its rise to 
 the i)resent day. 12mo, pp. 391. Sine loco, sine anno 
 
 (iUNX, THOMAS B. Physiology of New York Boarding-houses, very grotesque 
 Illustrations on Wood. 12mo, cloth, $3. New York, 1857 
 
 HACtEX, JOHN C. Footprints of Truth, or Voice of Humanity, with illustrations 
 by F. A. Chapman, J Crunch, and W. Walcutt. Engraved on ste(d by J. C. 
 McRae. 8vo, cloth, binding loose, $5. X^ew York, 1853 
 
 HAKLUYT SOCIETY. Select Letters of Christoplier Columbus, with other Ori- 
 ginal Documents relating to his Voyages to the New World. 8vo, p]). 311, 
 ^5. London, 1847 
 
 HAKLUYT SOCIETY. Memorials of the Empire of Japan, in the XVlth and 
 XVlIth centuries. Map and Two fac simile Letters. 8vo, pp. 224, $3. 
 
 London, 1850 
 
 HAKLUYT SOCIETY. Notes upon Russia; being a translation of the earliest 
 account of that country, entitled Rerum Moscoviticarum Commentarii by Ba- 
 ron S. Von Herberstein. Translated with Notes and an Introduction by R. 
 H. Major. 2 vols., 8vo, cloth, portraits and ma]is, $5. London, 1851 
 
 HAKLUYT SOCIETY. A True Description of Three Voyages by the Northeast 
 towards Cathay and China, by G. De Veer, translated from the Dutch, ma])8 
 and i)latcs, 8vo, ])p. 433, .f3.50. Loudon, 1853 
 
 HAKLUYT SOCIETY. Middleton, Sir Henry. Voyage to Raritau and the Ma- 
 luco Islands. From the edition of IGOG. Plates and map, 8vo, pp. 154, $2.50. 
 
 London, 1856 
 
 HAKLUYT SOCIETY. Early Voyages to Terra Australia, now called Australia, 
 Edited, with an Introduction by, R. H. Major. Maps, 8vo, pp. 319, $3. 
 
 London, 1859 
 
 HAKLUYT SOCIETY. Narrative of a Voyage to the West Indies and Mexico, 
 in the years 1509, and 1602, %vith mai)s and illustrations, by Samuel Cliam- 
 plain. * Translated by A. Wilmer. 8vo, pp. 148, $4. London, 1859 
 
 HALE, CAPT. NATHAN, Life of, the Martvr-Spy of the American Revolution. 
 By J. W. Stuart, with illustrations. 12mo, pp. 283, $3. Hartford, 1856 
 
 HALE. MRS. SARAH J. Sketches of American Character. 18mo, pp. 287, $1. 
 
 Phila.. 1843 
 
 HALE, WILLIAM. A New Analysis of Chronology, in which an attemjit is 
 made to explain the History and Antiquities of the Primitive Nations of the 
 World, and tin; Prophecies relating to them, on Principles tending to remove 
 the impression and discordance of preceding system. 4 vols. 4to, $12, binding 
 l)roke. London, 1811 
 
 IIALLECK, FITZ-GREEXE. The Croakers, by Joseph Rodman Drak(! and Fitz- 
 Green(^ Ilallock, first complete edition, with copious notes. Royal 8vo, ])\t. 191. 
 Portraits of the; autliors. New York, 1860 
 
 This forms the Second Volume of the Bradford Chib Publications. 
 
 IIALLECK, FITZ-GREEXE. Catalogue of the Library of, sold bv auction, Oct. 
 13th, 1868. 8v(), jjp. 26, autograjjli inserted, $1. New York, 1868 
 
 IIALLECK, FITZ-GREFXE, Fanny, a Pix-m. 2d (Hlition,8v(), pi).67. N. Y., 1821 
 
 HALLKCK, FITZ(iilEEXE, Poetical Works of, now first collected, illustrated 
 with stiM;l engravings, from Drawings by AnuTican artists. 8v(), ])p. 3S0. 
 
 New York, 1850 
 
 IIALLECK, FITZ-GREEXE. Young America, a Poem. 12mo, pp. 49. N. Y., 1865 
 
 IIALLECK, FITZ-GREEXE. Fanny, a Poem. Original Edition. Hvo, pp. 49. 
 
 New York, 1S19 
 KITZ-fJUKKNI'; IIALLKCK. Was l)oni in Cnilford, in the state ofC-'onniTli.-ul, in Ihr year 
 17SS, and died at the same place Nov. l!l, 1H()7, aired 7!i years. In early lift' lie Ix'caine 
 known as a niiet in connection with a vouni,' and beli>v<'d conlemiiorary. Dr. .losepli Hod- 
 man Drake, long since pasaed away. I'hey ioinlly eontrihiUed to llie 1<)vening l'o»t, IHI'J, a 
 
[28] 
 
 series of satirical poems, chiefly aiming at city characters under the name of Croaker & 
 Co. These delicate satires became very popular, and were even republished in all the lead- 
 ing journals throughout the country, besides they were reprinted at the time in pamphlet form 
 surreptitiously. Subsequently, Mr. Halleck became uneasy about the reappearance of these 
 pieces which had proved quite oifensive to some of the sensitive citizens, and as amends did 
 all he could to suppress them, for he himself concluded that they were too severe upon 
 divers worthy neighbors, whom he held in the highest estimation. 
 
 About the year 1835, or perhaps 1836, an enthusiastic yomig quaker, Mr. J. Hopper, a great 
 admirer of Mr. Halleck's poetry, especially his satires (son of the famous abolitionist Isaac 
 T. Hopper, the man who was a fac-simile of Napoleon) conceived the idea of exhuming, col- 
 lecting and so draw from their hiding places the much talked of and much coveted fragments, 
 and accompany them with notes, historical, biographical, and anecdotal, and in this new dress 
 present them to the public, whom he was confident, was very ready to receive them. Mr. 
 Halleck learned with horror the intentions of this young friend, and immediately repaired to 
 him and in the most earnest manner implored that he would desist from reviving what he 
 had taken no unusual pains to make forgotten and consign to oblivion. '■ If these ofiensive 
 trifles should again reappear they wouUrhurt the feelings of such as I count among my dear- 
 est friends." Mr. Hopper was too much the man ot feeling to persist in doing what would 
 give pain to others, and so the scheme fell through. Mr. E. B. Coi-wiu, into whose hands 
 the collection fell fifteen years later, had iuteuded'to carry out Mr. Hopper's plan, but some 
 how or other his scheme also fell through. In IbfiO the Bradford Club did what neither of 
 the former parties seemed able to accomplish: they published this collection of poems iu 
 very handsome style, appending a youthful portrait of Drake and an aged one of Halleck. 
 This volume forms No. 2 of the Club's publications. The author acquiesced in this issue 
 inasmuch as the reasons which were iu force at the time when they first were announced 
 had now become abrogated. 
 
 On a certain occasion (Sunday), I was passing a Roman Catholic church in the city of 
 New York ; seein" the doors open and throngs ot people pressing in, I stepped inside to see 
 what I could see, near what I could hear, and learn what I could learn, I had not well got 
 inside till I beheld Pitz-Greene Halleck standing uncovered with reverential attitude among 
 the crowd of unshorn and unwashed worshipers which can always be seen on Sundays 
 kneeling and standing both inside and out of these houses of worship in irregular confusion 
 with little or no respect paid to them by the functionaries of the church or those who are 
 wealthy enough to pay for comfortable pews. I remained till I saw him leave. In doing so 
 he made a courteous bow as is the polite custom by the humblest of these people on taliing 
 their departure. I immediately followed and on coming up took the liberty to ask him if 
 he was a member of this church. In reply he said "I am not, but my predelictions are decid- 
 edly in theirfavor in preference to any other denomination." "I presume you are a member 
 of this church or one of the same." I replied in the negative. " I had supposed," said he, 
 " thatall Irishmen were Roman Catholics." I said that " there was a two-fold mistake in this 
 assumption, for in the first place all Irishmen are not Roman Catholics no more than all 
 Scotchmen are Calvinists, nor all Americans Yankees, nor all Turks Mahometans, nor all Afri- 
 cans Negroes, and in the second pluco I am not a native of the Green Isle." " I have always 
 supposed you to be such," said he, " where then do you hail from ?" I said, " from that land 
 that he had aided iu rendering still more celebrated by one of his noblest eflusions." '■ Scot- 
 land," exclaimed he, "bonny Scotland?" "That," said I, "is the land of my nativity." 
 "But," contipued I, "we derive neither glory nor shame from the place of our birth. It 
 is an event of our life over which we have no control." " That," said he, " is very true." 
 
 How he came to have any predelictions for the Roman Catholic church I never could ex- 
 actly learn, but L'uessed. This aitinity was the more remarkable, inasmuch as he was de- 
 scended from one of the sternest of puritan ancestors, John Eliot, the famous apostle of 
 the North American Indians and translator of the Bible into their language, as well as the 
 author of a grammar of the same. And further I have understood that he took pleasure in 
 letting it beknown that he was so descended. 
 
 I have uudcrstocid that he was never married although he did not escape the cares, the 
 pleasure and pains ol being a parent. It is note-worthy that his only child died one week 
 after he did, leaving a family to deplore the loss. 
 
 On the subject of compliments paid him for poetical talent, he said, " they were generally 
 made by those who were ignorant, or who had a desire to please or flatter, or perhaps t? 
 combiuafion of all ; they were a sad penalty which every one had to pay who thrust them- 
 selves \\\Mn iHiblic notice. As a general thing they are devoid of sincerity, and rathtr ofien- 
 sive tlian pKiising. The practice brings to my mind the condition of one who has had the 
 misfortune t(i have lost a limb, or an eye. When he meets with old acquaintances they 
 immediately coninuuce condoling with him and discussing the nature of his loss, and not 
 unfrequcntly demanding a history of the whole catastrophe, and thus by the kindness of 
 his friends he suffers a'double punishment by being constantly brought in mind of his di- 
 lapidated condition. In like manner does an author sufl'er. But,'' continued he," all who 
 desire the ear of the public, must pay a penalty more or less, there is no sweet without a 
 bitter, no excessive joy but some sorrow, the day of adversity is set over against the day of 
 prosperity, but," added he, " there is no general rule without exception, and in my l)aglull of 
 compliments I cherish one which comes under that rule, and reflecting upon it aflords me 
 real pleasure as it did then. 
 
 " On a warm day in summer a young man came into the ofHce, with a countenance glowing 
 with ardor, innocence and honesty, and his eyes beaming with enthusiasm Said he, 'Is 
 Mr. Halleck to be found here,' I answered in the affirmative. Continued he with evidently 
 increased emotion, ' could I see him '?' ' you see him now,' I replied. He grasped me by the 
 hand with a hearty vigorousness that added to my conviction of his sincerity. Said he, 'I 
 am hap|)y, most hajjpy, in having liad the pleasiu'eat last of seeing one whose poems have 
 atibrded me no ordinary gratitication and delight. I have wished, I have longed, I have 
 sighed to see you. and Ihave dreamt that I have seen you, but now I behold you with mine 
 own eyes. God bless you forever and ever. I have come eleven hundred miles all the way 
 from the banks of the Miami in Ohio mainly for that purpose, and I have been compensated 
 for my pains.' " 
 
[29] 
 
 It was for this reason that he disliked parties where the company was large and promis- 
 cuous. Said he, "A man who acquires notoriety becomes a tari;cl in all such i^'atheringB, 
 and without he is possessed of an amount of vanity which renders him ridiculous, fnls un- 
 easy at beiuj,' conscious that he is a special object of attention, and ,'ilso of conversation." 
 
 lie told me that he had been solicited to write a life of his early and belovi'd friend Brake, 
 "but"' said he, '" I did not see well howl could u'ranl such a leiiuest, I bad no lever for my ful- 
 crum." What could I say about one who had studieil pharmacy, dissection, written a few 
 poems, and then left the scene of action forever; I had uo material, and a mere meaningless 
 eulogy would have been out of the question." 
 
 In personal appearance he was rather below the medium height, well built; in walking 
 had a rather slow and shuffling gait as if something affected his feet, a tlornl. bland and 
 pleasant countenance, a bright gray eye, remarkably pleasant and courteous in conversation, 
 and as a verv natural consequence inuch beloved by all who had the [ileasure of his ac- 
 (piaintance ; hut to brilliancy in conversation which some of his admirers have been pleased 
 to attribute to him. in my opinion they could lay no claim. 
 
 His name and writings will go down to -posterity through a biography, or biographical 
 dictionaries, but what will make it endure will be the out|)ourings of his own genius, which 
 will be published and republished, and read by th()usan<ls yet unl)orn inhabiting what is 
 now a desert and a howling wilderness. •'! have erected for myself a monument more last- 
 ing than marble or brass, which not the wasting north wind nor even time itself will be 
 able to destroy." The epitajih which he ])repared for liis youthful friend and companion 
 is as appliciible to him as it was to that gifted poet. 
 
 Green be the turf above thee, 
 
 Friend of my better days ! 
 None knew thee but to love thee, 
 Nor named thee but to praise. 
 
 Poor unfortunate Mac Donald Clarke was an ardent admirer of Ilalleck. He said he 
 would give more for a shake of his hand accompanied with a kind word, than he woidd 
 for a gold snutl"-box set with diamonds from an emperor. T asked him if he could inform 
 me who was the author of the poem entitled Fanny Continued, being a continuation and 
 imitation of his princijial j)oem of that name. He answered me in the negative. I sug- 
 gested that it might have been Classou. Said he, "Classon was a man of genius and such 
 seldom attempt to imitate others, especially their inferiors, besides it would be too small a 
 game for him to follow." I remarked that his continuation of Don Juan was in direct con- 
 tradiction to his statement. Said he, *' But here is a rare exception. Byron was a "iant and 
 one of the greatest magnitude, and therefore none could have thought it beneatli him to 
 att<'mpt imitating this great ])oet." 
 
 His opinion respecting the dnrability of the form of government which the people of the 
 United States have chosen to adopt, was by no means favorable, it was in accordance with 
 that of the great majority of the educated and thinking men of the country, that it would be 
 of short duration; to use a similitude, it would prove to be like Jonah's gourd which grew 
 up in a night and perished in a day. " We have been boasting of our greatness and ability, 
 and steadily following up that practice, through our newsjiapers, out political harangues, 
 our statesmen and would-be statesman, our parsons, our poets irhymsters) and feeble histo- 
 rians, of our immense virtue and gigantic intellect, superior acquirements and undoubted 
 ability to he governed and well governed by the people, the dear people, till the sober 
 minded and tiiiidiing portion of the community are become sick and disgusting with these 
 untruthful rhapsodies. For my part I have never been able to discover tlu^se grand sights 
 and qualities in the American peo])le. and therefore look upon all these frothy declamations 
 as giving tokens of an early national death. We are a nation of loud boasters and wide 
 mouthed gasconades evidently conscious that we are not what we pretend to be. A giant 
 never boasts of his strength, a contiuering general of his skill and valor, nor a handsome 
 woman of her beauty. It is those who are conscious that they are defective who make such 
 pretences. Go iutoBroadway, st(>p the first hundred full grown men who come along and 
 ask each one to define what kind of government we live under, how it was formed, by whom, 
 when and where, and how it dilfers from the governments of Great Britain, France and 
 Kussia. What number out of this hundred could make a satisfactory answer to the fore- 
 going simple questions. I will venture to say that fitteeii \wr cent woidd cover the number, 
 and that may be even too liberal. A full grown nation to be governed by a pure democracy, 
 two-thirds of her citizens would require to be [diilo'-ophers, unainbitioiis of jiluce and 
 jiower and above all to be completely divested of cupidity. As human nature is now con- 
 stituted we must despair of ever seeing such a state of feeling among the ))eople of any 
 nation.'' Said he, "If we may believe but one-half of what is written, published, and said 
 respecting the character, reputation, and conduct of our c:lected officials, from the constable 
 ancl upwards, who are intrusted witli and designed to carry on the governments, national, 
 state and municipal, we are forced to the cmiclusion that a great majority of them are 
 wholly venal, and an honorable and faithliil iierformance of (heir duties, or a" love for their 
 country, or affection for tlu^ governuKMit which |)rotects them, has neither part nor lot in 
 their aftectioiis or creed. Boides, w hat adds dee|)er darkness to this gloomy picture, when 
 delinquents are discovered they are seldom or never punished ; and further, a criminal when 
 called before our courts of justice, no matt(!r how heinous the crime may be, if he has poli- 
 tical or moneyed intluence, lie is certain to escape iiunishmeiit.* Still, there are men who 
 have been and are in power, and I take great pleasure in believing it to he so, that are both 
 good, worthy and honorable, who have never defiled their garments by any kind of mal- 
 
 * Note. The result of the two late trials at Albany and Uichmond, the one for the murder 
 of Mr. Iliscock, the other for that of Mr. Bollard, and the judicial interposition of ii Nc^w 
 York city judge in the case; of a notorious malefactor who was condemned to siilfer the 
 death penally for a crime which deserved a four-fold i)unishnienl, are espei-ial I'xamples 
 corroborative of this slate, or coming stat(! of things. It ought to be reuienibered thai no 
 woman's virtue is worth a man's life. Virtue may be repaired, but life never can be restored. 
 
[30] 
 
 practice or debasing act, but alas ! alas ! they are in a sad minority, and so have to take 
 back seats." 
 
 His library was sold by auction in the city of New York on the evening of October 12th, 
 1868. If the collection disposed of on that occasion was really his library in full, it must be 
 confessed it was a sorry affair and meager in the extreme, so that but little credit, or rather 
 none at all could be awarded him for having collected a library. The collection had the ap- 
 pearance of a heap of indifferent books bought indiscriminately, by some lounger about an 
 auction room who liad picked up a book now and then because it was cheap, without the 
 least design of forming anything like a library touching one or more subjects. Notwith- 
 standing all this I apprehend Mr. Halleck was by no means singular among his fellow craft, 
 the poets, as having made an indifferent collection of books. McDonald Clarke had no books 
 at all, and frequently declared he would have none, for said he, " the pouring over other 
 men's productions would emasculate my native genius, and so destroy my originality." 
 Woodworth, the little stout man with dark squint eyes, and poet of the " moss covered bucket 
 notoriety, had a very poor collection of books which could hardly be called a library. Poe 
 the most original of all the American poets, had a library made up of newspapers, magazines 
 bound and unbound, with what books had been presented to him from time to time by authors 
 anil [Mililisliers. He had no very high opinion of the modern generators of books, especially 
 those so employed around him, and hence many of these gifts found an early transfer into 
 the possession of some second-hand dealer at wonderfully reduced prices. Burns' library 
 consisted of a few odd volumes of the Spectator, a broken copy of Pope's works. The Travels 
 of Anacharsis in Greece, Five Hundred Years before Christ, a French and English Grammar, 
 Ferguson and Davy Siller's Poems, and a copy of the Bible. Sir Walter Scott had an indif- 
 ferent collection of books, and principally in poor binding. It was reported that he had not 
 even a complete set of his own writings. Southey had a large mass of indifferent books, 
 and, as a general thing, bound in spotted or striped calico by the hands of one of his daugh- 
 ters. Wordsworth, his neighbor, the cold, impenetrable and inscrutable poet, had but lew 
 books, and chiefly such as had no reputation. Samuel Parr, the celebrated linguist, amassed 
 a great assemblage of worthless books chiefly in foreign languages, but more particularly 
 Greek and Latin, and bound in every objectionable style. After his death they were scat- 
 tered to the winds by auction process, and as a general thing sold for less than the price of 
 waste paper. Some of his books to this day can oe seen floating about in the auction rooms, 
 and on the shelves of dealers in old books in the large cities of the United States. Every 
 book is adorned with his rude book plate and ruder autograph. It is not known whether 
 the greatest of all the Jewish monarchs, King Solomon, the philosopher, the theologian, the 
 poet, the legislator, the warrior, the architect, the botanist, and polygamist, had a large 
 library or not, but if, we of this age may judge from the hints he has given out he had not ; 
 and furthermore he appeared to have been disgusted at being incumbered with many books. 
 As a general thing book collectors are not readers, and vice versa, readers are not book col- 
 lectors. There are, however, many exceptions to this rule ; for example, Peter Hastie, Esq. , 
 one of the constructors of the Croton aqueduct which carries the water that supplies the 
 city of New York, a distance of forty-live miles, was a veteran book collector, so much so 
 that he ordered certain books to be bought for him the week that he died. His collection con- 
 sisted of many thou.sands of volumes, the productions of standard authors on mathematics, 
 engineering, history, philosophy, biography, theology, poetry, belles-letters, and miscella- 
 nies, all of which he had a knowledge of their contents, more or less minute. It will be seen 
 by the foregiiing that Mr. Halleck was in no mean company as regards being possessed of an 
 uiiinipiutniit library. In surveying the collection, a jud^e of the value of such property 
 would perhaps pronounce it worth from one hundred and twenty-five to one hundred and 
 fifty dollars. The books brought fabulous prices, at least ten times their market value. The 
 company was large, good humored, and just in a frame of mind to be a little more than 
 liberal, doubtless stimulated to be so from a desire to possess a relic of the departed poet 
 who had added fame to the literature of his country. The prices realized were by far the 
 highest ever obtained in America for this kind of property. The following are the names of 
 a few of the books and the prices they brought: Nicholas Nickleby with the author's auto- 
 graph $18. Bryant's little volume of Poems, entitled Thirty poems, with the author's auto- 
 graph, $11. Campbell's Poems, Philadelphia, 1804, with Halleck's autograph, $8.50. 
 Catalogue of the Strawberry Hill Collection, $16. Barnaby Kudge, presentation copy by the 
 Athor to Halleck, $1.5. Coleridge's Poems with a few notes by Halleck, London, 1803. $10. 
 Fanny, a Poem by Mr. Halleck, $10. pamphlet, ISl!). Papers concerning the Attack on 
 Hatfield, a pamphlet, $20. Cabinet of Biograiih y, a small pocket volume with the autograph 
 of John Jacob Astor. $6. The sum total realized for his library was twelve hundred and fifty 
 dollars ($1,2.50). The best engraved portrait and the most life-like of Halleck will be 
 found accompanying the New York Mirror, vol. xiv, September, 24, 1836. 
 Western Memouabilia. 
 
 HALLOCK, GERARD. History of the South Congregational church. New Haven, 
 from its origin in 1853, till January 1, 1865. 13mo, cloth, pp. 304. Portrait 
 and plate, $1.75. New Haven, 1865 
 
 HAMILTON, GEN. ALEX. Report on the Subject of Manufacturing, made in 
 1791. 18mo, pp. 143, $1.50. Phila., 1824 
 
 HAMILTON, ALEXANDER, The works of, comprising his correspondence, and 
 
 his political and official writings, exclusive of the Federalist, civil and mili- 
 
 tar\', i)ublished from the original manuscripts deposited in the department 
 
 of state, by order of the joint library committee of Congress. Edited by John 
 
 • C. Hamilton. 7 vols., 8vo, cloth. New York, 1850 
 
 HAMILTON COLLEGE, Clinton, N. Y., A Memorial of the Semi-centennial 
 Celebration of the Founding of. 8vo, cloth, 8 portraits, $3. Utica, N. Y., 1862 
 
[31 ] 
 
 HANCOCK, JOHN. Reasons for withdrawing from Society with the people 
 called Quakers. 12mo, pp. 37, $1. New York, 1801 
 
 HANKINS, MARIE LOUISE. Women of New York. 33 portraits, 12mo, pp. 
 349, no cover, $3. New York, 1861 
 
 HARDIE, JAMES. An Account of the Malignant Fever lately prevailing in the 
 City of New York, 1799. 8vo, pp. 148. uncut, $3. New York, 1799 
 
 HARDMAN, WILLIAM G. A Treatise on the Curvilinear Perspective of Na- 
 ture, and its applicability to Art. 8vo, $5. Lond., 1853 
 
 HARLAN, RICHARD W. Fauna Americana, being a description of the Mam- 
 miferous animals inhabiting North America. 8vo, boards, uncut, $3. 
 
 Phila., 1825 
 
 HARLAN, RICHARD W. Refutation of Certain Misrepresentations issued 
 against the author of the Fauna Americana, in the Philadelphia Franklin 
 Journal, No. 1, 1820, and in the North American Review, No. 50. 8vo, boards, 
 $3. Phila., 1836 
 
 HARLAN, R. Medical and Physical Researches, or Original Memoirs in Medi- 
 cine, Surgery, Physiology, Geology, Zoology, and Comparative Anatomy. Il- 
 lustrated with plates, containing 160 figures. Thick 8vo, boards, uncut, $5. 
 
 Phila., 1835 
 
 HARPER, ROBERT G. Observations on the Dispute between the U. S., and 
 France, addressed to his constituents, in May, 1797. 8vo, pp. 109, $3 
 
 London, 1798 
 
 HARTLEY, W. M. B. Hartford in the olden Time ; Its first Thirty years, by 
 Scalva, edited by W. M. B. Hartley, with illustrations. 8vo, pp, 316, maps 
 and plates, gilt edge, morocco. Hartford, 1853 
 
 HATHAWAY, LEVI, The Narrative of, being an account of his Life, Experi- 
 ence, Call to the Ministry of the Gospel, and Travels as such, to the present 
 time. 12mo, pp. 140, |3. Providence, 1830 
 
 HAWTHORNE, NATHANIEL. Liberty Tree, with the last words of Grandfa- 
 tlier's Chair. 18mo, pp. 156, $1.35. Boston, 1843 
 
 HEADLEY, J. T. The Chaplains and Clergy of the Revolution. 13mo, cloth, 
 $3. New York, 1804 
 
 HEMMENWAY, MOSES. Seven Sermons on the obligation and encouragement 
 of the Unregenerate. 13mo, pp. 304, |1.50. Boston, N. E. 1767 
 
 HEMMENWAY, MOSES. A vindication of the power, obligation, and encou- 
 ragement of the Unregenerate to attend the means of grace, against the ex- 
 ceptions of the Rev. Samuel Hopkins. 13mo, fl.50. Boston, 1773 
 
 HIBERNICUS, or Memoirs of an Irishman now in America, containing an account 
 of the principal events of his life, both before and since his emigration, and 
 interspersed with anecdotes and observations, humorous, political, and moral, 
 with a supplement. 12rao, p]). 251. Pittsburg, 1838 
 
 HICKS, ELIAS, Letters of, including also a few short Essays on several occa- 
 sions illustrative of his doctrinal views, 8vo, boards, $3. N. Y., 1834 
 
 HILLHOUSE, JAMES, Sketches of the Life and Public Services of, by Leonard 
 Bacon. Portrait, 8vo, pp. 40, $1.50. New Haven, 1800 
 
 HINMAN, ROYAL R. A Catalogue of the Names of the Early Puritan Settlers 
 of the Colony of Connecticut, with tlu; Time of their Arrival, Place of Krsi- 
 dence, Condition of Life, where from, business, &c., as far as found on Rcconl. 
 Parts 1, 3, 3, 4, 5. 5 parts, 8vo, portrait, cover, $5. Hartford, 1846 
 
 IIISTOIRE Naturelle et Moral des His Antilles De L'Ani('ri<|Uc Euredice de plu- 
 sieurs des Raretez les plus considerabeles qui y sont dccrites. Avec un Vora- 
 bulaire Caraibe. 4to, i)p. 535, $6. I{otterdam, 1658 
 
 HISTORICAL RE(JISTER of thii United States, from the declaration of War in 
 1313 to Jan., 1815. Edited by T. II. Palmer. 4 vols., «vo, $0. 
 
 I>liiludeli)liia. 1814-lt; 
 
[32] 
 
 HISTORY of the Capital of Asia and the Turks : together with an account of the 
 Domestic Manners of the Turks in Turkey. Plates, 4 vols, in 1, 8vo, $5. 
 
 Boston, 1856 
 This volume contains b&sides, an account of the lost ten tribes settled beyond the River 
 Sembatyon, in the east. By Dr. M. Edrepi. 
 
 HODGE, CHARLES. The Constitutional History of the Presbyterian church in 
 the United States of America, from 1705 to 1788. 2 vols., Svo, half calf, $3.25. 
 
 Philadelphia, 1840 
 HODENG, SARAH. The Land Log-Book : a compilation of Anecdotes and Occur- 
 rences extracted from the Journal kept by the Author during a residence of 
 several years in the United States of America. 12mo, pp. 278, $2. 
 
 London, 1844 
 HOFFMAN, MURRAY. A Treatise upon the Estates and Rights of the Corpora- 
 tion of the city of New York as Proprietors. Svo, pp. 320, cxxxiv, 1 plate. 
 
 New York, 1853 
 
 HOFFMAN, MURRAY. Treatise upon the Estate and Rights of the Corporation 
 
 of the City of New York as proprietors. 2 vols., Svo, law binding, second 
 
 edition, $5. New York, 1S62 
 
 HOGAN, J. S. Canada, An Essay, to which was awarded the first prize by the 
 Paris Exhibition Committee of Canada. Maps and plates. Svo, red mor., $2. 
 
 Montreal, 1855 
 
 HOLLAND, E. G. Essays and a Drama in five acts. Svo, 12mo, pp. 400, |2. 
 
 Boston, 1852 
 
 HOPKINS, SAMUEL. The Puritans, or the Church Court, and Parliament of 
 England during the reigns of Edward Sixth, and Queen Elizabeth. 3 vols., 
 Svo, cloth, $6. Boston ISCO 
 
 HORACE, The Lyric Works of, translated into English Verse, to which is added 
 a number of Original Poems. By a Native American. Svo, pp. 375. 
 
 Phila, 1786 
 The first Roman Classic Poet translated by an American. Besides Horace will be found 
 translations from Anacreon, Tibullus, Ovid, and Virgil. A Pastoral Drama on the birth- 
 day of an Illustrious Personage and the Return of Peace, Feb. 11th, 1784. John Park of 
 Dover, State of Delaware, was the translator of this version of Horace, and a graduate 
 Bachelor in Arts at the College of Philadelphia, June 28th, 1771. He was a Colonel in the 
 army. Most of these translations and original poems were written in the camp, when like 
 Camoens, "One hand the pen, and one the sword employed." It is to be hoped that the 
 author never headed a regiment during an engagement, if he was not a better soldier than 
 he was a poet Westeen Memorabilia. 
 
 HUBBARD, WILLIAM. A General History of New England, from the discovery 
 to 1680. Svo, sheep, |5. Cambridge, Mass., 1815 
 
 HUGHES, REV. T. S. The History of England, from the death of George the 
 Second in 1760 to the accession of Queen Victoria in 1837, with historical 
 Illustrations and Portraits, being a continuation of Hume and Smollett. 8 
 vols., 12mo, half calf, $16, cloth, $10. liondon. 
 
 HUMPHREYS, DAVID. An Historical Account of the Incorporate Society for the 
 Promotion of the Gospel in Foreign Parts. Maps, Svo, pp. 387, $6. Corwin's 
 copy of the book sold for $8. London, 1730 
 
 HUTTON, CHARLES. A course of Bookkeeping according to the method of Single 
 
 Entry, 4to, pp. about 75, $1. Philadelphia, 1801 
 
 This is in all probability the first treatise on the subject of bookkeeping published in the 
 
 United States. The author was the well known mathematician of that name. As a step in 
 
 the history of book making in America it is interesting. 
 
 HYMN BOOKS (155). Published for and by various denominations of Christians 
 chiefly second hand. No duplicates. v. d. 
 
 ILLINOIS, The Laws of, passed at 7th general assembly, at their session held at 
 Viiiidalla, in 1830-31. Svo, pp. 217, $2. Vandalla, 1831 
 
 IMLAY, GILBERT, A Topographical Description of the Western Territory of 
 North America, including Filson, Hart, Hutching's, Kennedy's accounts, illus- 
 trated with correct maps of the Western Territory of North America. Svo, 
 calf, fine copy, $15. London, 1797 
 
[33] 
 
 INDIANA. Biographical Sketches of the mombers of the 45th General Assembly, 
 
 with that of the State Officers and Judiciary by James Sutherland. 8vo, pp. 
 
 310, 13.50. . Indianapolis, 1861 
 
 INDIANA. State Gazette and Business Directory for 18G0-61. 8v<). pp. 778, $3. 
 
 Indiana])olis, 1861 
 INDIANS. Correspondence on the subject of the Emififration of Indians between 
 the 30th November, 1831, and 37th" December, 1838. 8vo, ])p. 503, $3. 
 
 Washinjrton, 1835 
 
 INDIANS. Treaties between the United States of America, and the several In- 
 dian Tribes, from 1778 to 1837, vnth a copious table of contents. New edition, 
 carefully compared with the originals. 8vo, calf, pp. 783, $5. Wash., 1837 
 
 INGERSOLL, CHARLES J. A view of the Rights and Wrongs, Power and 
 Policv of the United States of America. 8vo, boards, uncut, $3.50. 
 
 Philadelphia, 1808 
 
 INTERMENTS. Report of the Committee on Laws, to the Corporation of the 
 City of New Yorlv on the subject of Interment, within the pojiulous parts of 
 the city. 8vo, $1.50. New York, 1835 
 
 IOWA, WISCONSIN AND ILLINOIS. Report of a Geological Exploration 
 by the United States Government. By D. D. Owen. Maps and plates. 8vo, 
 $3. Washington, 1844 
 
 IRVING, WASHINGTON. Letters of Jonathan Old Style, Gent. With a Bio- 
 graphical Notice. 8vo, boards, uncut, $1,35. Loudon, 1834 
 
 JACKSON, CHARLES T. Geological and Mineralogical Report of the Survey 
 of the Mineral Lands of the United States of Michigan. Numerous Geo- 
 logical maps colored. 8vo, boards, $5. Washington, 1849 
 
 JAMES, WILLIAM. Full and Correct Account of the Chief Naval Occurrences 
 of the Late War between Great Britain and the United States of America, 
 preceded by a course of examination of the American account of their Naval 
 actions fought previous to that period. 8vo, uncut, $5. London, 1817 
 
 JAMESTOWN, The Voyage of the, on her Errand of Mercy. Sailed from Boston, 
 March 38, 1847, with pro^asions for Cork, Ireland, R. B. Forbes, Commander. 
 Plate, 8vo, pp. 181, $3. Boston, 1847 
 
 JARRETT, DEVEREUX, Life of. Rector of Botli parish, Denweddie Court House, 
 Virginia, written by himself in a series of Letters writte nbetween 1793 and 
 1794, addressed to the Rev. John Coleman. 18mo, $1.50. Baltimore, 1806 
 
 JEFFERSON, THOMAS, Observations on the writings of, with particular refer- 
 ence to the attack they contain on the Memory of the lat(! (ien. Henry Lee, in 
 a series of Letters by H. Lee, of Virginia. 8vo, pj). 337. New York, 1833 
 
 This is ttie first edition and has become very rare, mainly on account of it havinfr been 
 rigidly suppressed, and as tar as possible destroyed throughout Virginia. The worsliijiers 
 of the memory of .lett'erson could not bear such an expose and therefore it was doomed to 
 destruction. A subsequent edition with notes appeared in 1838, which is much more ac- 
 cessible. 
 
 JEFFERSON, THOMAS, Writings of, being his Autobiography, Correspond- 
 ence, Reports, Messages, Addresses, and other writings, official and ])rivate, 
 from the original manuscript, with exi)lanatory Notes, table of Contents and 
 a copious Index to the whole, by the editor, II. A. Washington. 9 vols., 8vo, 
 cloth, $18. New York, 1853 
 
 JEFFERSON, THOMAS, Memoirs, Corresi)ond(!nce, and Private Papers of, edited 
 by Tliomas Jefferson Randolph. 4 v<)1h.,8vo, boards, $6. Boston, 1839 
 
 JEFFEliSON, THOMAS, Lift; of, with parts of liis Corrcsijoudence never before 
 ])ul)lislicd, juid notices of liis opinions on questions <if Civil (ifovcrnment, Na- 
 tional Policv, and (,'onstitulioual Law, by (jJeorge Tucker. Portrait, 3 vols., 
 8vo, cloth, pp. (;33, 597, $5. Phila., 1837 
 
 IKROME, CHAUNCEY. History of the American Clock Business for tlie ])a8t 
 sixty years, with Barnum's corrections. Portrait, 13mo, $1.50. 
 
 New Haven, 1860 
 
 5 
 
[34] 
 
 JEWITT, JOHN R., Narrative of the Adventures and sufferings of, only sur- 
 vivor of the crew of the ship Boston, during a captivity of nearly three years 
 among the savages of Nootka Sound, &c., &c. 12nio, plate, $1.50 
 
 Middletown, 1815 
 
 JOCKEY CLUB, or Manners of the Age, a curious piece of scandal. Collections 
 on the death of Gen. Hamilton, No. V, Sea Journal of W. Moulton, from New 
 London to the Soutli Seas, 1799. Catalogue of Curiosities to be seen at 38 
 William Street, New York, 1804. All bound in one vol., 8vo, a rare collec- 
 tion, s. 8. 
 
 JOHN BULL in America, or the New Munchausen. 12mo, boards, uncut, $3. 
 
 New York, 1825 
 
 This book is written in the extravagant style of Baron Munchausen, purporting to be a 
 
 foreigner's tour through the United States. The extravaganza is intended to sharply 
 
 satirize the English tourists who have visited and written on America, the United States 
 
 particularly. 
 
 JOHNSON, ANDREW, Trial of, President of the U. S. before the senate of the 
 U. S., on Impeachment by the House of Representatives for High Crimes and 
 Misdemeanors. 3 vols.. 8vo, cloth, pp. 763. 520, 423. Washington, 1868 
 
 JOHNSON, C. B. Letters from the British settlement in Pennsylvania. Map, 
 18mo, pp. 192, $2. Pliila., 1819 
 
 JOHNSON, JOSEPH. Traditions and Reminiscences chiefly of the American 
 Revolution in the South, including Historical Sketches, Incidents and Anec- 
 dotes. Fac-simile Autographs, 2 maps, 8vo, pp. 592, $10. Charlestown, 1851 
 
 JOHNSON, WALTER R. A Report to the Navy Department of the United 
 States on American Coal, applicable to Steam navigation and to other pur- 
 poses. 8vo, pp. 606, unbound, $5. Wash., 1844 
 
 JONES, WILLIAM D. Mirror of Modern Democracy, a History of the Demo- 
 cratic party, from its organization in 1825, and its last great achievement, the 
 Rebellion, 1860. 12mo, pp. 270, $1.50. New York, 1864 
 
 JUDD, REV. SYLVESTER, Life and character of. 12mo, cloth, portrait, $3. 
 
 Boston, 1857 
 JUNIUS. Proved to be Burke, with outline of his Biography. 8vo, pp. 64. 
 
 London, 1826 
 KEMBLE, MISS FANNY. Francis the First, a Tragedy in Five Acts, with other 
 Poetical pieces, in which are included an original Memoir, and a full length 
 portrait. Sixth edition, 8vo, pp. 72, $2. New York, 1833 
 
 KENNET, BISHOP. Bibliothecse Americanse Primordia. An attempt towards 
 laying the foundation of an American Library. A Catalogue of Books relat- 
 ing to the discovery and planting of America, The title page and dedication 
 in Manuscript. 4to, pp. about 400, $20. London, 1713 
 
 This is believed to be the first compiled catalogue of American literature in the English 
 Language. 
 
 KENTUCKY State Gazetteer and Business Directory for 1859-60. 8vo, pp. 525, 
 $1.50. Louisville, Ky., 1860 
 
 KILBOURN, JOHN. The Ohio Gazetteer, or Topographical Dictionary, contain- 
 ing a Description of the several Counties of the State of Ohio. Third edition. 
 A Western Literary curiosity. 18mo, boards, uncut, $5. Albany, N. Y., 1817 
 
 KILBOURN, JOHN. The Ohio Gazetteer, or Topographical Dictionary, descrip- 
 tive of the several Counties, Towns, Villages, Canals, Roads, Rivers, Lakes, 
 Springs, Mines, &c., in the State. Ninth edition. 12mo, pp. 280, $2. 
 
 Columbus, 1829 
 
 KING, CHARLES. Progress of the City of New York during the last fifty years, 
 with notices of the principal changes and important events — a Lecture. 
 8vo, pp. 80, $2. New York, 1852 
 
 LADIES' MAGAZINE (The) Conducted by Mrs. Sarah Jane Hale, from the com- 
 mencement, Jan. 1, 1828 to Dec, 1834. 7 vols., 8vo, in parts, put in cloth 
 jackets, with several portraits and other plates. Boston, 1828, &c. 
 
 LAFAYETTE, GENERAL, An account of the visit of, to the U. S., from his arri- 
 val in August, 1824, to his return to France. 8vo. Pliila., 1827 
 
[ 35] 
 
 LAMBERT, UUILLAUME. Voyage dans L'AmcrunK^ du N<ml, en 1858 ot 1854, 
 avec notes sur les expositions nniversellesde Dviblin et de New York. 2 vols., 
 royal 8vo, 1 an Atlas, half nior., $4. Bruxelles, 1855 
 
 LAND OFFICE. Report of the Commissioner of (ieneral Land Otfice, accompa- 
 nyinjr the annual Report of the Secretary of the Interior for 1800. 8vo, seve- 
 ral larjre folding- maps, |2. Washington, 18G0 
 
 LAWS, Army and Navy Pension laws, and Bounty Land Laws of the United States, 
 including Resolutions of Congress, from 1770 to 1852, executed at the depart- 
 ment of the interior, with an Appendix, containing the opinions of attorneys 
 general of the United States, with the Decisions, Rules, and Regulations 
 adopted by different S(>cretaries, relative to the execution of those laws. 
 Compiled by Robert Mayo, M. D. and Ferdinand Moulto, counsellor at Law. 
 8vo, i)p. 700, $3. ' Washington, 1852 
 
 LAWS. A Digest of the Laws and Resolutions of Congress relative to pensions, 
 county lands, ])ay of the army, mileage, horses or other ])roperty lost or de- 
 stroyed in the Military Service, expenses of volunteer force, patents, etc., 
 together with the opinions of the attorneys general, and decisions of the 
 secretaries of war and interior, and of the encounting officers of the treasury 
 thereon, with full and complete Forms of Application, so arrangc'd as to fur- 
 nish all the inl'ormation that may be desired by claimants, or tli.cir attorneys. 
 By C. W. Beimett, attorney at law. 8vo, pp. 504, $5. Washington, 1854 
 
 LAWS of the United States of America, from the formation of the Government 
 1789, to 1814, original edition. 12 vols., 8vo, $12. 
 
 Phila., 1796, and Wash., 1815 
 
 LAY, BENJAMIN, Memoirs of the life of, and Ralph Sandiford, two of the 
 earliest ])ublic advocates for tlu> Emancipation of the Enslaved Africans, by 
 Robert Vaux, with a remarkable full length portrait of Lav. 12ni(), ])p. 7:3. 
 
 Phila., 1815 
 
 LEAVES FOR DOUGHFACES, or threescore and ten Parables touching Slavery. 
 By a former resident of the south. 12mo, pp. 332, wood-cuts, $3. Cin., 1856 
 
 LA BLANC, VINCENT. The World Surveyed: or the famous voyages and 
 travels of, from the age of fourteen to sixty-eight. Rendered into English. 
 Folio, pp. 407, |10. . London. 1060 
 
 The author visited America north and south as well as the West Indies during his long 
 peregrinations. This volume is become quite rare, although it is generally found in the 
 libraries of veteran collectors of books relating to America. 
 
 LEDYARD, JOHN. A Journal of Capt. Cook's last voyage to the Pacific Ocean, 
 and in quest of a north-west i^assage, between Asia and America. Performed 
 in the years 1776-7-8-9. Hlustrated with a chart. 12mo, pp. 208. 
 
 Hartford, 1783 
 
 LEDYARD, JOHN. Memoirs of the Life and Travels of, from his Journals and 
 Correspondence. 8vo, boards, ]))). 428, $3. London. 1828 
 
 When I undertook to write the Life of Ledyard. said Mr. Sparks, I had great ditticulty in 
 i)rocuring a conv of his Journal of a voyage. I could buy one nowhere, nor could I borrow 
 n. .Vt length I "was infonned that a certain collector in Connecticut had a copy. I took the 
 liberty of making known to him my wanis. After cousidcratile negotiation he consented 
 to allow me to use the book, but th(- favor was so gruilLringlv iriven and Vo many conditions 
 and restrictions attached to it, that I afterwards rcgreiled thai I made the reiiuesl. lie on 
 ;liat occasion iiurcliased from me an iinperfecl copy less both the map and part of the t(^xt; 
 but, said he. 1 am pleased, much pleased, to proeureeven such a cojiy id a Imnk 1 had so much 
 dilliculty ingetliiig hold of when I wasiu aciiial need of it. This iinp<-rfection was formerly 
 the i)ropertv of the famous biblioi)ole S. <i. Deeth. Mr. Sparks, like Everett, Talfray, Ban- 
 croft, and Emerson, commencc^d his career in life as a I'nitarian clergynnui, but s'oon 
 abandoned that i)rofessioii for one more congenial to his taste, as well as more lucrative. 
 In his nc-w calling he wrote and edilc^d not less than sixty or seventy octavo and I'Juio vo- 
 lumes. ,\mongthe i)rincipal were his American Biography in twenty-five volumes, the Writ- 
 ings of Washington in twelve volumes, .\merican Diplomatic Correspondence twenty-one 
 vohinies, &c., &c. He was indeed a laborious and useful man, oiu; who has added important 
 siMviee as well as honorable fame to his country, Mr, Sparks was corporally a heavy, un- 
 wieldv man. slow or rather solemn in his address, a large, or massy countenance, strongly 
 risenlbling professor Cliarh^s -Vnthon. or the late president Andrew .Johnson, llo left the 
 iinprc^>ion on the beholder of a man of t^\lreme benevolence and liealtliy feeling. He was 
 an arflent lover ofliferatun! and of everything which had a tendency to jiromote or elevate 
 it. He madir it a practice to visit niv bookstore evi-ry time he cann- to New York, On one 
 of these oicasions he informed mir that he had abandoned t Ik; buy iuL' of books, but. continued 
 he, I still delight to visit the haunts and repositories, where the mental ouipourihgs of the 
 
[ 36 ] 
 
 Rreat and frifted of all ages and nations are congregated standing peacefully side by side 
 waiting and ready to illuminate the present and coming generations of men. I still take 
 great pleasure in turning over these dark dingy volumes and reading here and there a page, 
 and looking upon the countenances of their venerable authors. In one of these visits I pre- 
 sented liini'with a copy of the iirst number of my Bibliotheca Americana. Denton's descrip- 
 tion of JMew York and Long Island in 1670. Edited by the late Judge Purman. After 
 carefully looking at the historical volume, said he, solemnly, I commend your spirit 
 and enterprise for having reproduced this book, and for having promised to bring out a series 
 of like character, but I greatly fear you are by far too premature in your undertaking, or, in 
 other words, ahead of the age. The bookbuyers, as a general thing, in this country, are not 
 prepared for encouraging such publications. I informed him that I had printed fifty 
 copies of this book on large paper, 4to, as an experiment, to learn how such would sell in 
 America, the first attempt of the kind made in the country. In reply, said he, .so far as I 
 know this fancy has not taken root nor even been transplanted into the United States. A 
 community that would buy such books must have these indispensable requisites, namely, 
 taste, leisure and wealth. Such publications are frequently brought out in Europe especi- 
 ally in Great Britain ; but there the learned and wealthy are much more numerous than with 
 us, and that is the class which the publisher must depend on for buying such books. This 
 was in 1846. They are too practical to ecmiprehend their use. This series of books when 
 published will be thankfully appreciated, but it will be in after ages, and too late to remu- 
 nerate you for your pains; but, said he, go on in your meritorious undertaking, you have my 
 heartiest wish for your prosperity, and I truly hope I may prove a false prophet in this case. 
 , Western Memorabilia. 
 
 LEE, HENRY. Memoirs of the War in the Southern Department of the United 
 States. 8vo, pp, 466, |5. Washington, 1827 
 
 LEE, JOHN . H. The origin and progress of the American Party in Politics, em- 
 bracing a comx^lete History of the Philadelphia Riots. 12mo, cloth, $1. 
 
 Phila., 1855 
 
 LEGARE, HUGH SWINTON, Writings of, consisting of a Diary of Brussells, 
 and Journal of the Rhine, extracts from his Private and Diplomatic Corre- 
 spondence, Orations and Speeches, Contributions to the N. Y. and Southern 
 Review, with a memoir of his Life. 2 vols., 8vo, pp. 630, 593, $10. 
 
 Charleston, S. C, 1845 
 
 LEGISLATIVE SKETCHES from a Reporter's Note Book, by Geoffrey Jenkins. 
 
 12mo, pp. 93, |1. Albany, 1866 
 
 LEGGETT, WILLIAM, A Collection of the Political Writings of, edited by 
 
 Theodore Sedgwick, Jr. 2 vols., 12mo, cloth, $2.50. New York, 1840 
 
 LELAND, CHARLES G. The Poetry and Mystery of Dreams. 12mo, cloth, $2. 
 
 Phila., 1856 
 
 LENDRUM, JOHN. A Concise and Impartial |History of the American Revolu- 
 tion, with a general history of North and South America. Account of the 
 Discovery and Settlement of North America, &c., &c. 2 vols., 12mo, $6. 
 
 Trenton, 1811 
 
 L'ESCLAVAGE en GENERAL, Examen de, et particulierement de I'esclavage 
 des Negres dans les Colonies Francaises de TAmerique. Par V. D. C. An- 
 cien Avocat et Colon a Saint Domingue. 2 vols., 8vo, pr., uncut, $3. 
 
 Paris, 1802 
 
 LETTERS addressed to Caleb Strong, late Govtn-nor of Mass., showing War to be 
 inconsistent with the laws of Christ and the good of mankind. 8vo, boards, 
 pp. 124, $1.25. London, 1818 
 
 LETTERS from an Egyptian in New York to his friend in Cairo, translated by 
 Mathew Markwell. 8vo, cloth, $2. New York, 1848 
 
 LETTERS of Adelaide De Sancere to Count De Nance. 12mo, pp. 160. 
 
 Newburn, N. C. 1801 
 
 This book is chiefly noticeable as evidence of the early introduction of printing into the 
 
 then village of Newbiirn, North Carolina. To the historian of the American printing-press 
 
 it will prove an important as well as an authentic land-mark Western Memorabilia. 
 
 LIBERAL PREACHER. A monthly publication of Sermons by living ministers. 
 Conducted by an association of Clergymen. 4 vols, in two, 8vo, $4. 
 
 Boston, 1831 
 
 LINCOLN, ABRAHAM. Our Martyr President, Voice from the Pulint of New 
 York and Brooklyn, Oration by Geo. Bancroft, Oration at the burial by Bishop 
 Simpson. 12mo" pp. 420, $1.50. New York, 1865 
 
 This vol. contains twenty-one Sermons by the most able divines of New York and Brook- 
 lyn. Two orations and two prayers. 
 
[ 37 ] 
 
 LINCOLN, ABRAHAM, Obsequies of, in tlio city of New York, under tlie au- 
 spices of the Common Council. Compiled by David T. Valentine. Plat(>s, 
 royal 8vo, $3. New York, 180(> 
 
 LITERARY MAGAZINE, and American Register, from Commencement Oct., 
 1803 to July, 1807. 8vo, sheep, scarce, $12. Phila., 1803-7 
 
 LITERARY and Scieutific Repository and Critical Review. 4 vols., Bvo, un- 
 bound, a ctnnplete set, $4. New York, 1820-23 
 
 LITURGY Collected for the use of the Church at King's Chapel, Boston. 2d 
 edition wtli some alterations and additions. 8vo, sheep, $1.50. Boston, 1811 
 
 LIVINGSTON, EDWARD. An Answer to Mr. Jefferson's Justification of his 
 conduct in the case of the New Orleans Batture. Map, 8vo, paper cover, un- 
 cut, $5. Phila., 1813 
 
 LOGAN, JAMES. Memoirs of a distinguished scholar and Cliristian Legislator, 
 Founder of the Loganean Library, Philadelphia. 12mo pp. 192, $2. 
 
 London, 1851 
 
 LONGFELLOW, H. W. Hyperion, a Romance. 2 vols., 12mo, boards, uncut. 
 Very rare in this condition, $3. New York, 1839 
 
 LOST PRINCIPLE ; The, or the Sectional Equilibrium, how it was created, how 
 destroyed, how it may be restored, by Barbarossa. 8vo, pp. 2(56, $1.50. 
 
 Richmond, Va., 1860 
 
 LUNDY, BENJAMIN. The Life, Travels, and Opinions of, including liis jour- 
 neys to Texas and Mexico, with a sketch of Cot(?mporary events, and a notice 
 of the Revolution in Hayti. 12mo, pp. 316. Portrait and map. Phila., 1847 
 
 LYMAN, THEODORE, JR. The Diplomacy of the United States, being an ac- 
 count of the foreign relations of the country, from the first tn^aty with France, 
 in 1778, to the present time, 2d edition with additions. 2 vols., 8vo, boards, 
 uncut, $10. Boston, 1828 
 
 LYNCHBURG, Sketches and Recollections of, by the oldest inhabitant. 12mo, 
 pp, 303, $3. Richmond, 1858 
 
 MACPHERSON, CHARLES, Memoirs of Life and Travels of, in Asia, Africa, and 
 America, illustrative of manners, customs, and character, written bv liimself 
 chiefly between the years 1773 and 1790. 12mo, $5. Edinburgh, 1800 
 
 MADISON, JAMES, The Papers of, purchased by order of Congre.ss, being his 
 Correspondence and Reports of Debates during the Congress of the Confedera- 
 tion, and his Reports of Debates in the Federal Convention. Now jMiblislied 
 from the original manuscript, under the Superintendence of II. D. Gilpin. 
 3 vols., 8vo, sheep. Mobile, 1842 
 
 MAFFET, JOHN NEWLAND, Poems by. 12mo, pp. 144, $5.50. very rare. 
 
 Louisville, Ky. 1839 
 The author was a kind of erratic or wandering; star anions the Methodist dunoiniiiation 
 throughout tlie United .States. Ili.s apnroach towards any point caused a stir aniouf; tliat 
 pious class created l)y the ell'orts of John Weslev, and his haran<;u(ts durii\;; his stay pro- 
 duced the j^reatest effervescence among tlieni. besides this volume of i)oems he was the 
 author of several other volumes of prose and poetry Westeun Memokabilia. 
 
 MAGEN, NICHOLAS. An Essay on Insurance, Ex])laining the nature of various 
 kinds of Insurance practiced Ijy tlu^ diffen-nt Couuncrcial States of Europf, 
 and showing their consistency or inconsistency, witli (Miuity and the public 
 good. Illustrated by real and extraordinary cases, stated at large, witli ob- 
 servations thereon, tending to settle divers doubtful points in making u]) ac- 
 counts, losses and average. 2 vols., 4to, a very rare book, $25. London, 1755 
 
 MAHOMET, a Tragedy, in Five acts. Translated from tlu; French of M. Voltaire, 
 by the Rev. James'Miller. 18mo, pj). 72, $1. New York, 1H09 
 
 MANUSCRIPT. An Enriuiry into the present state and Administration of affairs 
 in the jjroN-ince of East Flctrida, with some observations on the case of tlie 
 late Chief Justicf^ thc^n;. 4to, vellum, about 120 pagi-s. Written in a very 
 neat, legible hand. In the inside of the first fly-leaf will lie round the follow- 
 ing indorsement, an Enijiiiry, &c., by W. Drayton, $125. 1778 
 
[ 38] 
 
 MARBOIS, M. BARBE. History de La Louisiane et de la cession de cette colonie 
 par la France aux Etats-Unis de TAmerique septentrionales. 8vo, pp. 485, 
 $3. Paris, 1829 
 
 MARCHEMONT, a Selection from tlie Papers of the Earls of Marcliemont, in the 
 possession of Sir George H. Rose. Illustrative of events from 1685 to 1750. 
 3 vols., 8vo, boards, $4. London, 1831 
 
 MARSHALL, E. C. History of the U. S. Naval Academy, with biographical 
 sketches, and the names of all the superintendents, professors, and graduates, 
 &c. 13mo, cloth, 2 plates, $3. New York, 18G3 
 
 MASON, JOHN, Self Knowledge, a treatise sho-vving the nature and benefit of 
 that important Science, and the way to attain it. 18mo, $2. Boston, 1800 
 A Typographical curiosity. The first American edition of this popular little book. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS REGISTER and United States Calender, for 1804-7-9-10 
 ll_12_14-18-19-20-34-35-36-38-39 and 31. 15 vols., 18mo, |8. 
 
 Boston, 1804-31 
 
 MASSIE, JAMES W. America, the Origin of her present conflict, her prospects 
 for the Slave, and her claim for Anti-Slavery sympathy. Illustrated by inci- 
 dents of travel, during a tour in the summer of 1863, throughout the U. S., 
 &c. 8vo, map, cloth, pp. 480, $2. London, 1864 
 
 MATHER, COTTON, Essays to do Good, addressed to all Christians. Edited by 
 George Burder. 12mo, $1.50. Lexington, Ky., 1823: 
 The reading of this book, "Essays to do Good," gave me such a turn for thinking, as 
 to have an influence on my conduct through life, for I have always set a greater value on 
 the character of a doer of good, than any other kind of reputation, and if'I have been, as 
 you seem to think, a useful citizen, the public owes the advantage to that book. 
 Dr. Bbnjamin Franklin. 
 
 MATHER, COTTON. Magnalia Christi Americani, or the Ecclesiastical History 
 of New England, from the first planting, in the year 1620, imto the year 
 1698. In seven books, with an introduction and occasional notes by T. Rob- 
 bins, also an Index. Portraits, 3 vols., 8vo, sheep, $5. Hartford, 1855 
 
 MATHER, COTTON. Essays to do Good, addressed to all Christians, whether in 
 public or private capacities. New edition by G. Burder. 12mo, $1. 
 
 Johnstown, 1815 
 
 MATHER, COTTON, The Christian Philosopher, a collection of the best dis- 
 coveries in nature, with religious improvements. 12mo, $1. Charlestown, 1815 
 
 MATHER, S. An attempt to shew that America must be known to the ancients, 
 made at the request and to gratify the curiosity, of an inquisitive gentleman. 
 To which is added an Appendix concerning the American Colonies and some 
 Modern Monagments against them. By an American Englislunan, Pastor of 
 a church in Boston, New England. 8vo, pp. 35. Boston, 1773 
 
 MATHEWS, CORNELIUS. A Pen and Ink Panorama of New York City. 
 
 18mo, pp. 209, $1. New York, 1853 
 
 MAURY, SARAH M. An Englishwoman in America. An Appendix containing 
 
 the history of the Emigrant Surgeon's Bill. 8vo, cloth, pp. 589, $2. 
 
 London, 1848 
 McCONNEL, J. L. Western Characters or Types of Border Life, in the Western 
 
 States, with illustrations by Darley. 13mo, cloth, $3. New York, 1853 
 
 McKINNEY, MORDECAI. Our Government, an Explanatory Statement of the 
 System of Government of the Country, &c., «Sic. A manual for schools, acade- 
 mies and popular use, 2d edition, 8vo, $3. Philadelphia, 1856 
 
 McMULLEN, JOHN. History of Canada, from its first discovery to the present 
 time. 8vo, pp. xiv, 506, |5. Brockville, C. W., 1855 
 
 Mcpherson, EDWARD. Hand-book of Politics for 1868. 8vo, pp. 387. 
 
 Washington, 1868 
 
 MECHANICS MAGAZINE, and Register of Inventions and Improvements, por- 
 traits of Eli Whitney, B. Franklin, R. Fulton, and numerous wood-cuts. 2 
 vols., royal 8vo, half calf, $10. New York, 1833-4 
 
[ 39] 
 
 METHODIST EPISCOPAL Church appeal to the juiblic oi)inion in a serios of ex- 
 ceptions to tlie course and action of the Methodist Episco])al Cliurch from 1844 
 to 1848 ajrainst the Methodist Church south by II. 13. Bascom and A. L. P. 
 Greene and B. Parsons. 8vo, pp. 203, $2. Louisville, Ky., 1848 
 
 METHODIST HYMNS. A Collection of Hymns for the use of the Methodists- 
 Fourtli edition 12nio, 204, $8. ' London, 1784 
 
 METHODIST MAGAZINE, and Quarterly Review, 5 vols., 20-21-25-28 and 29. 5 
 vols., 8vo, twelve portraits, $5. New York, 1888-1847 
 
 MEXICAN WAR. Message of the President of the United States with the docu- 
 ments containinjr the Military reports of battles, &c., with maps and plans. 
 Thick 8vo, lialf calf, pp. 1G18,'|3. Washington, 1847 
 
 MICHIGAN. Historical and Scientific Sketches of Michi<jan, comprisin<j a series 
 of Discourses delivered before the Historical Society of Micliioan ; with other 
 papers relating to the territory. By L. Cass, H. Wheliug, J. Biddlc, &c., &c. 
 12mo, pp. 215, |3. Detroit, 1834 
 
 MILTON, JOHN. Paradise Regained, a poem in four books, from the text of Dr. 
 Newton, to which are added poems on several occasions. 12mo, pp. 13G, $2. 
 
 Philadelphia, 17U1 
 
 MILBOURNE Monthly Magazine of original colonial Literature. Vol., 1, por- 
 traits, 8vo, $1.50. Milbourne, 1851 
 
 MILES, JAMES W. Philosophic Theology, or Ultimate Grounds of all Reli- 
 gious Belief based on Reason. 8vo, pp. 234, $5. Charleston, 1849 
 
 MILITARY REPORTS. Mordecai. Military Report of his Tour through Europe, 
 in 1855-6. Plates, 4to, 1861. Gen. McClellan's Report on the State of War 
 in Europe. Map ai\d Diagrams, 4to, 1857. Col. Delafield's Report on the 
 Art of War in Europe. Many colored plates and maps, 4to, 1861. In all 3 
 vols., 4to, clotli, $10. Wash., 1857-61 
 
 MILLAR, SAMUEL, D. D. Letters on Unitarianism, addressed to the members 
 of the First Presbyterian Church in Baltimore. 8vo, pp. 312, boards, luicut, 
 $1.50. Trenton, 1721 
 
 MILLER, STEPHEN F. The Bench and Bar of Georgia, Memoirs and Sketches, 
 with an appendix containing a Court Roll from 1790 to 1857, &c. 2 vols., 
 8vo, pp. 483, 454, $8. Pliila., 1858 
 
 MILLS, ROBERT. Statistics of South Carolina, including a ^iew of its Natural 
 Civil, and Military History. Map, thick 8vo, |5. Charleston, 1826 
 
 MILLS, SAMUEL J., Memoirs of, late Missionary to the south-western section 
 of the U. S. deputed to explore the coast of Africa. By Gardiner Spring. 8vo, 
 boards, $1.50. New York, 1820 
 
 MILTON, JOHN, Tlie Poetical Works of, from the text of Dr. Newton, with 
 the Life of the Author. 2 vols., 12mo. pp. 314, 76. lm|)rinted at Springfield, 
 Massachusetts, l)y James Hutchins, for Ebenezer Larkin, and E. and S. Lar- 
 kin. State street. Boston, 1794. 
 
 This in all probability is the first Arnerican edition of the poems of John Milton, and as 
 puch possesj^os no little interest. The first edition of every gn^at Kin'o|)ean author pro- 
 duced in Americ'a may be said to mark an epoch in th(( projiress of mind in the new world. 
 A jndiciou^i and observant publisher possesses a sensitiveness in regard to public taste much 
 beyond any otlier observer. 
 
 MINSHULL, J(JHN. A Comic Opera, entitled Rural Felicity, with the marriage 
 of Shelty. Fine Portrait of the Autlior. 8vo, uncut, [ip." 69, $6. N. Y., 1801 
 
 MINUTES of the G(!neral Assemlily of the Presbyterian Cliurch in the United 
 States of America with an apjiendix for 1806-^8-9-10-11-12-13-15-16-20-21 
 22-2:5-24-25-27-28-29-33-35-36-37-41-42-48-52-57-58-59-60 and (tl . 37 
 Nos. 8vo, pai)er. Philadelphia, 180()-61 
 
 MOBILK CITY. The Code of Ordinances of the city of Mobile, with the charter 
 and an Appendix By Alexander McKinstry. 8vo, pp. 443, $3.50. 
 
 Mobil.-, 1859 
 
 MOLINA'S History of Chili. 2 vols., 8yo. calf, extra. $3. 1809 
 
 The author of this work. Don Juan Iirnatius Molina, was a native of Chili, distin<;uished 
 
 for his literary acquirements, and particularly his knowledge of Natural History. His book 
 
[ 40 ] 
 
 was first published in Italian, at Bologna, 1782, in 8vo, and translated into French by Gravel, 
 Paris, 1789, 8vo. It has also been translated into German and Spanish. It is quoted by 
 Gmelin in his enlarged edition of the Systema Natur.-e. 
 
 MOOBE, SIR THOMAS. The Commonwealth of Utopia. Containino: a Learned 
 and Pleasant discourse on the best state of a public weal as it is found in the 
 New Island of Utopia. 8vo, pp. 126. London printed, Philadelphia reprinted 
 by James Chattin, for B. Lay. 1753 
 
 MORGAN, HENRY I. Sketches of celebrated Canadians, and persons connected 
 with Canada, from the earliest period in the history of the province down to 
 the present time. 8vo, cloth, pp. 792, $3. Montreal, 1865 
 
 MORGAN, JOHN. A Discourse upon the Institution of Medical Schools in Ame- 
 rica, delivered at a public anniversary commencement, held in the college of 
 Philadelphia, May 30, 31, 1765, with a preface containing amongst other 
 things, the Author's Apology for attempting to introduce the regular mode of 
 practicing physic in Philadelphia. 8vo, pp. xxvi, 53. 
 
 Philadelphia, printed and sold by Wm. Bradford, 
 
 at the corner of Market and Front Streets. m,dcc,lxv 
 
 MORGAN, REV. DR. Catalogue of his splendid Theological and Miscellaneous 
 library with prices and names of purchaser, in pencil. 8vo, pp. 240, $3. 
 
 New York 
 
 MOTLEY BOOK (The). A series of Tales and Sketches of American Life with 
 ilhistrations by Dick Gimber. and others, by author of Behmoth, Legend of 
 the Mound Builders, &c. 8vo, cloth, $1.50. " New York, 1840 
 
 MUNSELL, JOEL. The Annals of Albany, vols. 1-2-3-4-5-9 and 10. 12mo, 
 cloth, $10. Albany, 1850, 1859 
 
 MUNSELL, JOEL. A Chronology of Paper and Paper making. 3d edition, 8vo, 
 pp. 174, $2. Albany, 1864 
 
 MUNSELL, JOEL. Catalogue of a rare and extensive collection of books princi- 
 pally relating to America, comprising a portion of the library of Joel Munsell 
 of Albany, N. Y., sold at auction April 11, 1865, and following days, by J. E. 
 Cooley. 4to, large paper, pp. 123, $2. New York, 1865 
 
 MURRAY, JAMES. Select Discourses upon several important subjects. 8vo, 
 $1.50. New Castle, 1765 
 
 MURRAY, JAMES. An Impartial History of the present war in America, con- 
 taining an account of its rise and progress, the political springs thereof, with 
 its various successes, and disappointments on both sides. Portrait, 2 vols., 
 8vo, 4$. Newcastle upon Tyne. n. d. 
 
 MURRAY, JAMES. An Impartial History of the present War in America, con- 
 taining an account of its rise and progress, political springs thereof, with its 
 various successes and disappointments, on both sides. 2 vols, in 1, 8vo, old 
 calf. London, 1778 
 
 MURRAY, JAMES. Sermons to Asses , to which is added New Sermons to 
 Asses, Sennons to Dcx-tors in Divinity, Sermons to Ministers of State, and Ser- 
 mons to Lords Spiritual, or an advice to the Bishops, with a discourse on 
 Ridicule. 8vo, pp. 322, $5, a rare collection. n. d. 
 
 Murray, the author of Sermons to Asses, was a ferociows republican in sentiment, as well 
 as a hearty teacher of that doctrine to others even from the pulpit. He took eveiy oppor- 
 tunity to annoy the government by invective and satire. His far famed sermons are especial 
 specimens of his attacks upon the state dignitaries, both temporal and spiritual. He was 
 an ardent friend of the American revolution, and wrote a history of that transaction which 
 is still looked upon as a performance of considerable merit, and no small authority. His 
 Sermons to Asses were printed in Philadelphia during the revolution. They present a cn- 
 rious specimen of the art of printing at that time, in the American capital. It is some- 
 what remarkable that in no Biographical Dictionary that I have consulted, is the name of 
 this singular man to be found. As Judge Jeffrey said to the good Richard Baxter when he 
 was before him on trial for alleged treason, "You, Richard; have written as many books as 
 would till a biuse-cart and every one of these as full of treason as an egg is fall of meat." 
 AtrDrdiiig to the English definition of treason, so did Mnrray. The venom he displays in 
 his writings leads to the conviction that he was not a good Christian man. 
 
 Western Memorabilia. 
 
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 habet, will shortly appear.~[ 
 
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