CSass Book COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT ( 34Stt2 J- MIL Sm SEEN rt^QM— THE TRAIN Railroad^ ^" u > \ \ \ W ? 1 "JaKe The LEHIGH Route if you wc SMOKE, MO cinders: Cha General Passenger Agent, Philadelphia, Pa. NONNEMACHER, AssH General Passenger Agent, So. Bethlehem, Pa. JOHN TAYLOR, General Traffic Manager, So. Bethlehem, Pa. Henry h. Kingston, AssH General Traffic Manager, Philadelphia, Pa. KOLLIN H. WILBUR, General Superintendent, So. Bethlehem, Pa. THIS BROCHURE is designed to acquaint the traveling public, patrons of the Lehigh Val- ley Railroad, with the scenic attractions, cities and towns on its line between the seaboard and the great lakes, as seen from the windows of its elegantly equipped and fast- moving trains. It will, as a matter of course, not enter into an extensive historical ex- position of the municipalities, nor draw elaborate pen pictures of the many scenic beauties that lure many thousands annually into their delight- ful confines, but it will, in a concise way, point out what we believe would be the answer to leading questions by the traveler or tourist passing over the route. The stations are arranged for the West-bound traveler, with New York as the starting point ; East-bound passengers will readily see that they must read from back to front to get the same information en route. Please read the introduction. 1 Is the me-: tropolis of Amaiiea;i many places of interest and note ; Post Office, Broadway and Park Row, immediately opposite the New York office of the Lehigh Valley Rail- koad. Take the ferry at the com- modious and elegantly equipped de- pots, foot of Desbrosses or Cortlandt Streets, for Jersey City. JERSEY CITY. This is a Pop., 150,000. great indus- tries from New York, 1. trial Center. As you leave the ferry boat and join the throng you are directed through a spacious station, with many compartments de- signed to meet the wants of travelers, and emerge under a mammoth arched roof covering many tracks. Here again an obliging attendant pilots you to your train, and, seated in an elegantly equipped coach, you are ready to observe. As you leave the station you encounter great manu- facturing plants on your right and left. As you cross the marshes and Newark Bay, on your left the promi- nent edifice of Elizabeth, N. J., the imposing St. John's Church ; on your light, the Prudential Life Insurance Building in Newark. NEWARK. The chief Pop., 160,000. city of the Miles from New York, 9. State of New Jersey, and possibly the most important manu- facturing center in the entire Union. Iron, steel and jewelry vie with the manufactories of textile fabrics, leather and celluloid goods. Brew- eries, malt houses, carriage factories and wood industries of every class are met with on every hand. Chemi- cal works and silk mills are promi- nent. Then the clothing factories are the largest in the country. ELIZABETH JCT. Eural, sub- Miles from New York, 12.8. urban t O and Elizabeth. MORRIS AVENUE. Street cars Miles from Few York, 14.3. connect with the city, at Elizabeth Jet., every fifteen minutes. ROSELLE. These ru- Pop., 890. ral towns Miles from New York, 16.2. and hamlets are the sites FAITOUTE. , for many Miles from New York, 17. country vil- SO. CRAHPORD. & * »£ Miles from New York, 18.1. pie, and the PICTON. J 10111 . 63 0f ^ w business Miles from New York, 19.7. m en who ASHBROOK P^Jntry Miles from New York, 22.3. home to COU- OATT •PPPT' fined exist " OAK TREE. ence m the Miles from New York, 25.2. cities, and who make daily trips to and from New York or Jersey City. SO. PLAINFIELD. The point Miles from New York, 26.9. Q j diVer- PERTH AMBOY. gence of the Pop., 9,512. L E H I G II Railroad for its coal and freight traffic, to its immense wharves at Perth Amboy — the first port of entry in the United States north of lati- tude 30°. A. D. 1517 it was the headquarters of the Hudson Bay Com- pany. The Lehigh Valley Rail- road Company's freight yards and the large Government bonded yards are important factors here. It is the great tidal shipping point for coal to New York and New England points, Rural hatn~ lets at wJiispi an agreeable change in the typog- r a p h v is manifest. The Ameri- can Engme* Company's large plant is located here. Cen- ters of agri- cultural life, and horned suburban to the great manufacturing centers of the seaboard. NEW MARKET. Pop., 599. Miles from New York, 29.5. BOUND BROOK. Pop., 1,462. Miles from New York, 33.5. SO. SOMERVILLE. Miles from New York, 38.6. /. c- FLAGTON. Miles from New York, 42.5. NESHANIC. Pop., i8g. Miles from New York, 44.6. Quaint ha m 1 e t s nestling among the WEST NESHANIC. hills, and through which a branch of the Raritan mean- ders, making them delightful summer places for a select few. THREE BRIDGES. The centre Pop., 193. of a beauti- Miles from New York, 49. f ul pastoral landscape. The profitable farming lands of cen- tral New Jersey have been reached. FLEMINGTON JCT. Connection FLBMINGTON. Si U1 ^ V* 6 Flemingtoii Pop., 2,087. Branch, Le- Miles from New York, 51.5. HIGH VAL- LEY Rail- road, two miles long. Flemington is the county seat of Hunterdon County. Many New Yorkers find a desirable summer home here. The center of a rich farming and peach-growing dis- trict. PACKER ISLAND. The picnic Miles from New York, 53.4. ground f 01' societies and Sunday schools for miles around. STANTON. Pop., 229, Miles from New York, 54.7. peach-growing district. A r u r a 1 hamlet, the center of an extensive LANDSDOWN. Pop., 69. Junction of the Clin- t o 11 and Pittstown Branches of the Lehigh Valley Eailkoad. Both towns are centers of agriculture and rich dairies. The social life is enjoyable, and many city people prefer to summer here. Guests are taken by many private families. Miles from New York, 58.2. CLINTON. Pop., 1,975. PITTSTOWN. Pop., 190. JUTLAND. Pop., 80. Miles from New York, 61.3. FATTENBURG. Pop., 260. Miles from New York, 64.1. Both sta- tions in a farming dis- t r i c t , a n d peach or- chards from which thou- sands of bas- kets of choice Jersey peaches are an- nually shipped. Pattenburg is at the eastern entrance of the Musconet- cong Tunnel, a remarkable piece of engineering skill, 280 feet less than a mile in length, double tracked. The Musconetcong Mountain, a spur of South Mountain, is the natural divide of New Jersey, the waters flowing eastward into the Earitan Bay and westward into the Delaware River. WEST PORTAL. A rural Miles from New York, 66.3. Section, farming principally engaged in. Abandoned iron mines evidence the mineral, and also the fact that it does not exist in paying quantities. BLOOMSBURY Both sta- Pop., 700. tions in a Miles from New York, 69.1. rich farming district. A KENNEDY. delightful Pop., 150. section to Miles from New York, 72.4. Summer ill. Cosey nooks on a picturesque stream. From Ken- nedy the view up the right is beauti- ful. The structure on the mountain top seen in the distance is the Pax- inosa Inn at Easton, Pa. You will also notice a solid stone bridge a few miles east of Phillipsburg ; this is a noted structure known as Green's bridge. PHILLIPSBURG, N. J. This Pop., 10,000. place from Miles from New York, 77. its incep- tion has been an iron town. The Andover Iron Works, one of the oldest in the State,. is seen on the left as you enter the town. Cannon and solid shot were here cast for use in the Conti- nental army. In addition to its larger furnaces it has a large silk mill, sev- eral foundries and boiler works. The Morris Canal here is an interest- ing item. Loaded boats are carried from the lower level to the upper by plane. Connection is here made with the Belvidere Division of the Pennsyl- vania Bailroad, the Central Bailroad of New Jersey, and the Morris & Essex Division of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Bailroad. pop.t^sno ^^iilcgFram Hew York .77.5 Having crossed the Delaware, the traveler is ushered into Pennsylvania at Eas- tern. The city is to your right. On the heights beyond the closely built portion of the lower end are seen the Lafayette College buildings, and be- yond them, on the crest of the moun- tain, Paxinosa Inn. On the eminence, now named Plateau Paxinosa, the great Indian pow-wows were held in the days of the red man's supremacy here. The river emptying into the Delaware is the Lehigh. Across the river, above Easton, the works of the National Switch and Signal Com- pany and the extensive \$»rks of . the [ngersoll Sergeant Drill C 01 1$fiP§»i. now in course of construction, e?Kje«ee the industrial life. Conn^molUffs made at this point with the East on it Northern Bailroad for Nazareth ami the slate fields. SOUTH EASTON The tpwli' Pop., 6,000. /' to tlwjftt is" Miles from New York, 78.3. South/ EaS- ton, main-r taining a distinct municipality. It^ industries large wire mills, cottony mills and bridge shops on the right, close to the Lehigh Canal, the exten- sive shops of the Lehigh Valley Railroad on the left. GLBNDON. Pop., 1,500. Miles from New York, The iron works to the 79.2. right are those of the Glendon Iron Company. ISLAND PARK. Miles from New York, 80.6. ijjjpfavorite haunt of the genuine wa- ^jrlily (Nelumbium speciosum). Pic- nic parties are organized and gather \ tlfpm in great quantities. The blast \ fuVnace to the left is the Keystone. REDINGTON. A cluster Pop., 400. of houses Miles from New York, 83.4. and f urnace on the right. The home of the superintendent and the company store to the left. PRBEMANSBURG Where, in Pop., 615. the suprem- Miles from New York, 86.4. aCV Of Canal transporta- tion, the boat yards gave employment to many of its inhabitants. The furnace on the right is the abandoned Northampton. On the hillside to the left the Lehigh Zinc & Iron Company have an extension. S . 11 e t ti l c He m The world-renowned plant of the Bethlehem Iron Company is now seen to the left. It was organized in 1857. The first stack was blown in January 4, 1863, and for many years gave its individual attention to rolling mill work. The manufacture of iron rails was practically abandoned in 1879, when special attention was paid to muck bar SO. BETHLEHEM. ot high Pop., 14,000. grad gteel Miles from New York 89.2. p a j] s gpecial grades of Bessemer steel billets and iron shapes. As early as 1885 the directory recognized the wants of the country by a preparation for the erection of complete hydraulic forg- ing machinery which would meet the growing demand for heavy forg- ing and casting. When, therefore, the government called for proposals for gun forgings and armor plate, which it was protested could not be produced in this country, this plant submitted a proposal which resulted in a con- tract for 100 completely finished guns varying from 8-inch to 12-inch, and aggregating in value $3,500,000. Further contracts have enabled this company to turn out, during the past few years, forgings for about 400 guns, varying from one-pounders to a 13-inch diameter. Heavy steel armor plate (18 inches thick) was here forged for the government cruisers. It was at this plant that the Harvey- ized plate was manufactured, which, when subjected to the most severe tests, broke up all the steel projectiles fired at it without being penetrated or cracked. The enormous steam hammer in use at the plant is the largest in the world ; it is single act- in|£, and its striking parts weigh 12&*tons; its foundation is down 30 feefci bjblow the river bed. Its acces- sories are, of course, of relative strength, massiveness and impor- tance. Of its many shaftings forged, the latest was forged in a single piece aHc(/; mow its entire length, over 42 v j0M}|firhe aggregate amount of contraSyi^jjlade with the govern- ment and nil contractors so far is upward of $12$p0,000. y This company has now possibly the Jargesi plant in the country for the manufacture of pig iron, steel rails, billets, blooms, slabs, muck bars, fluid compressed, hydraulic forged steel and extra quality of Bessemer and open hearth steels, and has a plant for the manufacture of hollow and other steel forgings, hdBy shaft- ing, armor plate, gun foi^|tgs, and steel castings of variou largest size, equal to a: ments of the governme 1 viduals, and which enabl cessfully compete with plants of the world. On the opposite side of the i the beautiful Niskey Hill Cem BETHLEHEM. on the just beycM Pop., 9,975. the workM* the Bethlehem Iron Company, is the large plant of the Lehigh Zinc & Iron Company, organized in 1853. Back \ w offices of the ILROAD jCOM- which, Cm nn of this is the closely built- pfert&n of South Bethleheas, VwWle across the river the old town of- Bethlehem is seen crowning the hills. Near the station, which is on the south side, „ and %W ftfii w±jfc»i ! it U the BETHLEHEM. S n , are the Pop., 4,100. offices of the Lehigh Valley Kaili pany, in the rear of eminence, is the beautiful ^pflhc ,q& its president, Mr. E. P. Wilbur. On 'the right, as the train moves on- ward, is Calypso If land, used exclu- sively for Sunday-school and family picnics; in the rear of the IsTajjhd i;S seen the Cutter Silk Mill, and on the crest and hillside the norough of West Bethlehem. Bethlehem was founded in 1742 as a Moravian colony engaged in mission work among the aborigines. It has for a century andja 4ialf been re- garded as a great educational center, and it still maintains a claim to su- periority. Lehigh University, located at the base of Lehigh Mountain,/ 611 the south side, is an honored institu- tion. Bishopthorpe (Episcopal) and the Moravian Seminary fojs Young Ladies are both most worthy educa- tional institutions. The hew Theo- logical Seminary of the Moravian Church has in its new home deter- mined to gain yet higher laurels.. St. Luke's Hospital, established through the munificence of Mr. Asa Packer, is located here at the base of Lehigh Mountain. There are many other industrial plants in this tripartite town that are not seen from the trains, each in its way aiding in sustain- ing the population. Connection is here, made with the North Penn. Divis- ion of the P. &B. B. B. for Philadel- phia, Baltimore and Washington. ALLBNTOWN. The prison Pop., 30,000. tower is the Miles from New York, 94.1. first object to attract at- tention on the right; then, as the curve is made, it, with the city proper, is on the left. The Iowa Barb Wire Works are seen to the left just be- fore entering the station. From the car windows to right and left the old stone bridge, erected in 1837, can be seen. The Lehigh Valley depot at this point is one of the finest in the State. Connection is here made with the Bast Penn. Division of the P. & B. B. B. for Beading and Harrisburg. Allentown is the Queen City of the Lehigh Val- ley. Its industrial life is one of great diversity, with its iron plants predominating, there being upwards of two hundred and fifty distinct plants, some of large proportions; while in the manufacture of furni- ture frames it stands second city in the Union, fee Adelaide Silk Mill, employing otcb twelre hundred peo- ple, is seen oir the rigiit. Extensions have been made from time to time, until it has become a monster plant. The Allentown Spinning Company's large thread mills are one block from the Gordon Street station on the left. The works next on the left are the Allentown Hardware Com- pany's plant. The City Button Works, the Pioneer Silk Mill and the West End Silk Mill are on the West End Branch of the Lehigh Valley Bail- road, bearing away to the left at the. Hardware Company's plant/ The Allentown Rolling Mills, an impor- tant plant, is next seen on the right. FUIiLERTON. Here on Pop., 500. the right Miles from New York, 96.4. and left are the exten- sive car works of McKee, Fuller & Co., then the auxiliary mills of the Catasauqua Manufacturing Company are seen on the right. The great mountains of slag across the river, extending for a considerable distance along it at this point, are often items of comment with the traveler. It is the refuse from the furnaces, and much attention and means have been devoted to utilizing it as cement, brick, etc., but still they grew in pro- portions until it was decided to use the material for ballast on the rail- roads. It has proven a happy thought and the hills are dimimishing materi- ally. CATASAUQUA. The Davies Pop., 4,000. & Thomas Miles from New York, 97.6. foundry and machine plant across the river at this point is an important industry. The old flour mill seen to the right also has long been a landmark, and next to it is the new Wahnetah Silk Mill. The imposing stacks of the Crane Iron Company, renowned as being the first plant at which iron was made with anthracite coal as fuel, are seen, and the great plant stands out in bold relief. Cat- asauqua station proper is now reached, and still to the right and across the river the industries line the bank of the canal in the follow- ing order : the Catasauqua Manu- facturing Company (parent plant), the Lehigh Brick Works, the Bryden Horse and Mule Shoe Works, the Unicorn Silk Mill. Connection is here made iviikthe Catasauqua & Fogelsivitle Railroad fltased by the Philadelphia & Pleading Bailrpad. *S. \ HOKENDAUQUA. This town Pop., 1,000. is a child of Miles from New York, 98.5. CataSauqua, evolved out of the iron necessities which a grow- ing demand for the product made desirable. The elegantly designed plant, with an equipment second to none, seen on the right, is known as the Thomas Iron Company. To the left on the eminence is the handsome residence of Mr. John Thomas. COPLAY. The cem ~ Pop., 1,000. ent centre Miles from New York, 99.4. Of the Le- high Valley. The Coplay Furnace is seen on the left, just before the train arrives at the station, and the large works on the left above the station are the cem- ent works. Connection made here with the Ironton Bailroad for Egypt, Fronton, Siegersville and Orefield. WHITEHALL. An agri- cultural dis- Miles from Xew York, 100.8. tl'ict. LAURY'S. The cen . ter Pop., 206. of a rich Miles from New York, 103.3. farming dis- trict and a noted and select summer resort . The island to the right is becoming a pop- ular Sunday-school picnic ground. CHERRY FORD. a center Miles from New York, 104.6. ill ail agri- Cultural dis- trict. This point has some, histori- cal interest in the fact that the op- posite side of the river was the favor- ite camping ground of the Indians en route to and from the tepees of the Dela wares on the flats at Phillipsburg, New Jersey, and those of the Shaw- nees on the Shawnee Flats in Wy- oming Valley. ROCKDALE. Another Pop., 143. center of an Miles from New York, 106.4. agricultural district. SLATINGTON. T he long Pop., 3,000. railroad Miles from New York, 110.1. bridge Seen on the right, just before arriving at this station, is the Pennsylvania, Poughkeepsie & Boston Railroad bridge ; this road is operated by the Lehigh Valley Railroad. On the left is the ex- tensive wood-working plant of Mr. Kern, and the new rolling mills, des- tined to increase the importance of Slatington. The town of Slatington is located to the left of the track and on the hill a fourth of a mile from the depot. Slate is here manufac- tured into every conceivable line of ing, *stairs, tiling, etc., as well as blackboards, school and roofing slate. The large factories to the left and right of the train, seen just as you are pulling out of the station, are school slate factories, employing in the aggregate a thousand boys and girls. Connection is here made toith the Slatedalc Branch, also the Schuylkill & Lehigh Branch of the Philadelphia & Pleading Railroad and the Pennsyl- vania, Poughkeepsie & Boston Bailroad for Katellen, Wind Gap, Pen Argyl, Bangor, Portland and Hainsburg. LEHIGH GAP. Here the hamlet. Lehigh Biv- Miles from New York, 112. e 1* blll'StS through the Blue Mountains. On the left you will notice a hotel and several annex buildings with fine grounds. Here several families annually enjoy seclu- sion and rural comforts. Beyond the Gap, on the right, across the river, is seen a long, two-storied stone inn, with long porch also two-storied. This building was, in colonial days, a famous relay station. LIZARD CREEK Connection JUNCTION. £g here made Miles from New York, 115.7. with the PottS- ville Division of the Lehigh Valley Bailroad, which passes through a rural district for many miles, touching at Balliet, German's, Andreas, Longacre, West Penn, Dorset, Kepner, Rene Mont, Rausch's, McKeansburg, Frisbie, Orwigsburg, Spring Garden Junction, Schuylkill Haven and Pottsville. BOWMAFS. Near this Pop., 150. station in Miles from New York, 116.3. the moun- tain sides the ore is dug from which the cele- brated mineral or fireproof paint is manufactured ; openings can be seen on the mountain side to the left. The furnaces and mills can be seen just across the river, where the ore is calcined and ground ready for market. The chief ingredients are cement and iron. PARRYVILLE The P ic ~ Pop., 700. turesque Miles from New York, 117.4. C'l U S t e r O f stacks and furnaces seen to the right were origi- nally iron furnaces, but competition made them a non-paying invest- ment, and for years they lay idle. The plant is now worked by the Car- bon Iron and Steel Company, and its m product is cast-iron pipe, toy whi ready sale is found. LEHXGHTON Pop., 3, ocx). from New York, 119.5. WBISSPORT. Pop., 510. as tl ever possi ton left, Veiss- the t are the st settle- ents in this section. Here in 1745 the Moravian Colony established aJbg^m^Hjission, calling it Gnad^m^tten (tents of mercy)- Its prosperity was phenom- enal. .Indians rewiyry accepted Christ ir Saviou»/nd at J^ce bent energy tof^ecomhj^as like as e to j|pir wMe brethren. FieldSkna gaijwns bloomed as the rose andth\fjfttlej|ent affShappy an d cou " tented until dissensions between the white arid reflj^n grew and spread over the section, culminating in the Braddock campaign and defeat (1755), and did not end until the Christian Indiaiis /nd their teachers with their f amil jes/ were killed (1757). The prettr^nission was totally destroyed. The fwtile soil, however, soon caused the/|a,ces to be populated again. The advent of the Lehigh Valley Rail- road and attending prosperity put the/ indus%ial plants, seen on the /iglit and Te^ft, here, and these now a$ of more importance to the towns than the products of the iield of the past. PACKERTON. This is the Pop., — . large yard of Miles from New York, 121.5. the LEHIGH Valley Railroad. All coal shipped to the seaboard is here weighed, the trains made up and started. The large wooden structure on the right is the supply store of the company. At the shops at this point nearly all the freight cars now in use by the com- pany were made, as well as the great majority oJUhe coal cars. MAUCH CHUNK. Pronounced Pop., 6,900. Mole Chunk, Miles from New York, 123. the Indian for Bear Moun- tain. This is justly termed the Switz- erland of America. Mt. Pisgah and the Switch Back can be seen at the left. The handsome residences against the mountain side at the base of Mt. Pisgah are those of the Packer and Leisenring families. Mauch Chunk proper lines the vale of Mauch Chunk Creek. The Mansion House and the former general offices of the Lehigh Valley Railroad are prom- inent buildings to the left of the train. The Switch Back carries over 20,000 passengers annually bent on sight seeing. The anthracite coal of the Lehigh region was first dis- covered near here by Philip Giinter. To the right is Bear Mountain. Its rocky sides, cut into, reveal the his- tory of the past, in the congealed mass that was once molten. At this point the change is made for points on the Goal$3ranches. As the train moves forward East Mauch Chunk is seen to the right, while on the left the im- mense coal pockets are an interesting feature. Here the coal shipped by canal is loaded into the boats. Still onward, and Mt. Pisgah plane is seen distinctly at the left, and in a few minutes Glen Onoko is reached. GLEN ONOKO. A park and Miles from New York, 125.8. dell replete with charm- ing attractions, made accessible and fitted up for the convenience of ex- cursion parties by the Lehigh Val- ley Railroad Company. It is the annual rendezvous of hundreds of ex- cursion parties from points as dis- tant as New York and Philadelphia. The falls and cascades are exquisitely enchanting. The pavilions, swings, merry-go-rounds, drums, etc., are en- joyed by all. Winding along the tortuous Le- high, the scenic attractions are very enthusiastically commented on. The wire bridge spanning thejLehigh a mile or two from the Glen is part of "the pipe line' 1 constructed to more easily convey the coal oil from the wells to the ISTew York market. PENN HAVEN In the ear- JUNCTION. Her days this Miles from New York, 131.6. point was one of the busiest on the Lehigh. Immense the cars l Ipadecl i Canal I a ;oal pockets received the coal from and through chutes it was into the boats of the Lehigh Canal I and transported to market. The great freshet of 1862 put an end to this, and the coal thereafter was shipped by rail. The coal branches of the Lehigh Valley Railroad diverge at this point, and the traveler or tourist is by them taken to the great anthracite centres of Lehigh and Schuylkill, viz. : Hazleton, Potts- ville, Mahanoy City, Shenandoah, Ashland, Shamokin, Mt. Carmel, Del- ano, Morea, Audenried, Jeanesville, Beaver Meadow, Freeland, Jeddo, Drifton, Eckley, etc., the change of cars being made at Mauch Chunk. As the train crosses the Lehigh here the abandoned planes of the Hazleton Coal Company can be seen to the left. STONY CREEK. Tributa- Miles from New York, 134.7. 1'ieS to the Lehigh, and DRAKES CREEK. favorite Miles from New York, 136. Streams with local MUD RUN. Izaaks for Miles from New York, 139.9. fi n e-fl avored pan trout. Ah excellent hotel is to be found on Mud Run. WHITE HAVEN In * he ear ~ Pop., 1,634. her days the Miles from New York, 146.6. great lumber center of the Lehigh. The only remaining indus- try is the kindling-wood factories, seen on the right across the river. Connection is here also made with the branch trains for the Lehigh and Schuyl- kill coal fields. BEAR CREEK JCT „ The Bear Miles from New York, 152.6. Creek Branch of the Le- BEAR CREEK. high Val- ley Railroad here joins the main line. This branch is six miles long^ leading into the Bear Creek lumber district. An artificial lake at this point sup- plies the road with clear, pure ice for its trains. GLEN SUMMIT. A summer Altitude, 1,723 ft. colony, COm- Miles from New York, 157.3. pris i llg a II excellent ho- tel and a number of superbly designed cottages. FAIRVIEW. The point Pop., 961. of the inter- Miies from New York, 160.3. S e Ct i 11 of the Moun- tain Cut-Off, a short line devoted to freight. A sort of a terminal and relay station for locomotives. NEWPORT. Indian name was Wananiie. Pop., 85. ZMiles from New York, 167.5. Stations passed on that ride of all rides and view of all views, as the train carries its delighted passengers along the mountain top and side, revealing the famous Wyoming Val- ley in all its scenic glory. " Nothing WARRIOR RUN Pop., 148. Miles from New York, 17U.il. SUGAR NOTCH. Pop., 2,583. Miles from New York, 171.6. to equal it,"' is the opinion of tourists who have traveled the globe. Little wonder that it was so hotly contested for by the Indians, Pennites, and the Connecticut Colony in the earlier days. These stations are also promi- nent points in the anthracite coal industry. WILKES BARRE. County Pop., 37,9x8. seat of Lu- Miles from New York, 176.7. zeme Coun- ty. Connec- tion is here made with Pennsylvania Division of the Delaware & Hudson for Scranton and Honesdale ; the Erie & Wyoming Valley Ecilroad for Dunmore. Scranton and Harvey; with the Bow- man's Creek and Bernice Branch of the Lehigh Valley Railroad forShaw- anese (formerly Harvey's) Lake % a de- lightful summer resort, Xoxen, Ric- ketts, Lake Ganoga on North Moun- tain at an altitude of 2,319 feet' above tide, where a select colony is now being established, and the superb glens and views will make a favorite excursion rendezvous ; to Bernice, Williamsport and Towanda. Wilkes Barre is a delightful city ; its inhab- itants cultured and hospitable; its educational institutions are well and favorably known ; it is also a very im- portant industrial center. Its iron and steel plants, coal operations and textile mills give lucrative employ ment to a vast populace. MILL CREEK. Pop., 200. Miles from New York, 178.6. a 11 CO: PLAINSVILLE. Pop., 217. Miles from New York, 181. tio PITTSTON. Pop., 10,302. mi] Miles from New York, 184.8. i u cei WEST PITTSTON. a diversity of industrial plants, the coal indus- try, however, being in the advance. Coal collieries are to be seen on every hand, suburban. West Pittston is across the river to the left. At this point the Susquehanna, flowing from the north, breaks through the moun- tain into the coal measures. L. & B. JUNCTION. Connection Miles from New York, 186 1. is here made with the Del- aware, Lackawanna & Western, also the Delaware & Hudson, via Avoca for Srranton. COXTON- Miles from New York, 187.2. The yards of the Le- high Val- aileoad, for the weighing of oing north. ■%s>. RANSOM. Miles from New York, 191.4. FALLS. Miles from New York, 1966. McKUNE. Miles from New York, 200.2. LAGRANGE. Miles from New York, 203.4. Country districts ; prolific agri- cultural cen- ters. The valley of the Susquehan- na is exceed- ingly fertile. TUNKHANNOCK • Connection Pop., 2,000. is here made Miles from New York, 207.8. with the Mon- trose Bail- way, for Montrose and intervening points, viz. : Carey's Lake, Marcy, Lobeek, Lemon, Avery, Mack's, Lynn, Springville, Tyler, Dimock, Woocl- burne, Hunter, Cool and Allen. Tunkhannock is the county seat of Wyoming County. The principal industries are tanning, steam stone mills, spool and bobbin factories, grist mill, two furnaces, and machine shops, planing mill and tub factory. Lake Carey, but four miles distant, is a noted summer resort with ample accommodations. VOSBURG TUNNEL. The tun- Miies from New York, 212.1. nel is re- garded as a very clever piece of engineering skill, requiring three years and four months to complete its construction, notwith- standing the fact that work was car- V\ ried on day and night, the shifts being ten hours each. It is 3,902 feet The roof is composed o# soffiT masonry, the arch being supported by side/ walls of masonry composed dPjptTk limestone brought from the amrries at Union Springs, 1ST. Y., on ne east shore of Cayuga Lake. The stone arching is of cut stone sheet- iug from 18 to 30 inches thick, and the bricks were burned expressly for this work. MEHOOPANY. Pop., 500. Miles from New York, 214.9. MESHOPPEN. Pop., 711. Miles from New York, 217.5 BLACK WALNUT. Miles from New York, 222.5. SKINNERS EDDY. Miles from New York, 225. LACEYVILLE. Pop., 600. Miles from New York, 225.9. WYALUSING. Pop., 600. Miles from New York, 235.1. HOMETS FERRY Miles from New Yoik, 240.8. RUMMERFIELD. Miles from New York, 244.7. These towns are shipping points for rich agricul- tural and lumber dis- tricts. The population would nec- essarily be largely aug- mented if given a s townships. In addition to the ship- ping of ag- ricultural products, the stone quarries and STANDING STONE, saw-mills at Miles from New York, 247.7. almost every WYSOX P ° int are lm " Miles from New York, 251.8. P°rtant ad- juncts. The baling of hay and the dairy products also add to the general output. This district, covered by the stations named, is the famous fishing ground in the Susquehanna River for black bass. Most excellent hotels are met with at all points. Boats and guides are to be had at moderate rates. TOWANDA. Connection Pop., 5,227. is here made Miles from New York, 255.4. With the State Line & Sulli- van Bailroad of the Lehigh Valley Railroad System for Monroeton, Wilcox, New Albany, Laddsburg, Dushore and Bernice, where it in turn connects with the Bernice Branch of the Lehigh Yalley Rail- road, completing the loop with Wilkes Barre at the other end. Tow- anda is the county seat of Bradford County, and is noted for its educa- tional institutions, its diversified in- dustries and rich farming district suburban. ULSTER. Agricultu- Po P ., 530. ral centers. Miles from New York, 262.2. J ne ^ manu ' facture of MILAN. farming im- Pop., 280. plementsthe Miles from New York, 266.2. chief indus- try. ATHENS. A manu- Pop., 4,cxx). fact u ring Miles from New York, 270.5. town. The principal in- dustries are the Union Bridge Works, furniture works, Union Tanning Com- pany, mattress factory, Athens Car and Coach Factory, foundries and machine shops. Athens is one of the most active industrial centres on the line. SAYRE. A railroad Pop., 4,000. town with a Miles from New York, 271.8. HliSSion, SO n a m e d i n honor of Mr. R. H. Sayre, 2d Vice- President of the Lehigh Valley Railroad System. Sayre is the point at which the different divisions and branches of the Lehigh Valley System diverge into the lake country of western New York. The Auburn Division bears away to the right to Owego, Flemingvilie, Newark Val- ley, Berkshire, Richford, Harford Mills, Harford, Dryden, Freeville, Peruville, Groton, Locke, Moravia, Cascade, Ensenore, Wyckoffs, Au- burn, Throop, Weedsport, Cato, Ira, Martville, Sterling, Fair Haven and North Fair Haven on Lake On- tario. The Auburn & Ithaca branch connects Auburn, Cayuga and the points on Cayuga Lake, viz. : Union Springs, Farley's Levanna, Au- rora, Willet's, King's Ferry, At- waters, Lake Kidge, Taughannock, Ludlowville, Norton's and McKin- ney's, with the Ithaca Division of the main line at Ithaca. These points are centers for grape and fruit grow- ing, hay packing, and general sum- mer resorts. The Lehigh Valley has two lines between Van Etten Junction and Geneva. The one bears away to Ithaca, on the southern end of Cay- Em ^ fc ^ uga Lake, then shoots across the country to Geneva, on the northern enj^ of Seneca Lake, passing Taug- hannock Falls. Trumansburg Covert, Farn%V| ^^.eldrake, Hayt's Corners, Bomfl*y[»i kad West Fayette, while the ottugjlaears away to the west- ward, pM»g Swart'wood, Cayuta, Alpine, Odessa, Burdette (Watkins), Hector, North Hector, Cay wood, Lodi, Willard, Kendam, and Varick, points on the eastern fide of Seneca Lake. - i ''\'f; On the former route, Ithaca claims more than a passing notice. As the train approaches est of passenger Beautifully situa extremity of Cayuga Lai&, its shady thoroughfares and beautiful homes are items for favorable comment. As the train passes onward,^Cornell Uni- versity (1,800 students) stands out in bold relief on the hillside opposite the city. This educational institu- tion owes its existence to the public- spirited generosity of one of Ithaca's citizens. Glass lenses, paper, flouring mills, cigar factories, the Autophone Co., Ithaca Gun Co., Ithaca Type- writing Co., etc., are its industries The principal industries at S;n are the Lehigh Valley Rail^oaI Shops, the Cayuta Wheel FoiWk,dry, x Say re Metal Works and the Say re Picture Frame Company. The Wav- s the city, the inter- 's becon»s manifest, ated at. ape southern erly & Elmira branch of the Lehigh Valley Railroad leaves Sayi at Waverly connects with the System, and jointly operated t( mira. Waverly is a manufac town with 5,000 inhabitants, is a large and important city. GENEVA Pop., 11,006. Miles from New York, 345.7. Long before it is annou tion, you have noticed on Seneca Lake with objective pfint. Its ijH/icipal parallels thje lake shdr/at an tion. Front many c#fhe rejjciences terraced gardens extend down to the shore. The Hobart Free College and the Medical qbllege are jp^minent in- stitutions. Its Sanitarpm has a most excellent reputation. Its business houses exhibit an air of prosperity. Its principal industries are Phillips & Clark Stole Co., W. R. Dunning's Boiler Works, /Steam Heater Manu- facturing Col, Geneva Optical Works, Geneva Carfifge Co., Steam Bending :ks, Geneva Preserving and large nursery m is here made with & Hudson Biver laigua, Waterloo, and Auburn ; also with & Spoke Co., malt, plants. the New Tor) Bailroadi for Seneca Falls the line ofi steamers for Watkin's Glen. Cel Canal PHELPS. A m aim- Pop., 1,400. facturing Miles from New Tfork, 352.1. Center, the Crown Drill Manufacturing Co., basket factory, three flouring mills and two malt houses being the leading plants. CLIFTON SPRINGS. Noted for Pop, 1,500. its superbly Miles from New York, 355.1. equipped Sanitarium, which is now being rebuilt at a cost of $250,000, its well-appointed Semi- nary, and the important plant, " The Clifton Springs Manufacturing Co." MANCHESTER. End of Pop., 500. the Buffalo. Miles from New York, 360 4. Penn S y 1 va- nia and New York divsions. The round house and shops are located here. FARMINGTON. Centers of Pop., 100. large agri- Miles from New York, 365.5. Cultural dis- tricts, at VICTOR. which flour . Pop., 900. j ng mills, Miles from New York, 369.9. saw mills blacksmith shops, cigar Pop ' 39 °- factories and commission FISHERVILLE Pop., 390. Miles from New York, 372.6, MENDON. houses for Pop., 350. handling the Miles from New York, 375.3. farm prod- ucts are the chief industries. ROCHESTER JCT. The point Miles from New York, 380. of junction of the Eoch- ester Branch which connects the city of Rochester with the main line. A manu- facturing city of great importance. The chief industries comprise the manufacture of cloth- ing, shoes, edge tools, machinery and machinist supplies, extensive brew- eries, and large nurseries, furniture, stoves, flour and feed, burial caskets, proprietary medicines. It is also an important educational center. EAST RUSH. Farming Pop., 200. center, with Miles from New York, 382.6. Several im- portant en- terprises in the way of produce com- mission houses. WADSWORTH. CALEDONIA. Miles from New York, 393.5. PITTSBURGH and LEHIGH JUNCT. Miles from New York, 394.7. Centres of an agricultu- ral district. Connec- tion is here made with the Buffalo, Eochester & Pittsburgh B. B. for Koch- ester and the oil, lumber and bitu- minous coal region of northeastern Pennsylvania. NORTH LE ROY Miles from New York, 401. STAFFORD. Miles from New York, 406.1. BATAVIA Pop., 8,500. Miles from New York, 411.2. F a r m i n g districts. This town is an impor- tant indus- trial center. The Johnston Harvester Co., Wizard Plough Co., Batavia Carriage and Wheel Co., a large wood-working plant, a box factory, a shoe factory, a gun .and forging company, and an ex- tensive preserving company are among the most important plants. Connec- tion is here made for Tonawanda, Niag- ara Falls and Suspension Bridge. TONAWANDA. This is a Pop., 4,000. great lura- Miles from New York, 446.8. ber Center and lumber shipping point, and in reality a sub- urb of Buffalo. UPTON Miles from New York, 416.7. CORFU. Miles from New York, 422.9. WENDE. Miles from New York, 427.7. LOONEYVILLE. Miles from New York, 432.2. DEPEW. Miles from New York, 437. CHEEKTOWAGA. Centers of a fertile farming sec- tion. There are also some indus- trial plants in each place, most- ly for local consump- tion. The site of the immense coal storage yards of the Lehigh Valley Coal Company for the western trade. Pop., 850. Miles from New York, 440.5. r BUFFALO. This city Pop., 325,000. is the west- Miles from New York, 448.3. ei'll terminal of the Le- high Valley Railroad. Connec- tion is lie re made icith the Michigan Central, Lake Shore, and New York, Chicago & St. Louis for points ivest. Buffalo is a large and important city. It covers 24,986 acres and has 128 miles of street railways. Its water is unlimited and pure, supplied by Lake Erie. It lias 700 acres in parks, and 17 miles of park driveways. It has 133 miles of macadam streets, 135 miles of asphalt, and 10 miles more contracted for. Its receipts last year were : coal, 7,457,201 tons ; from customs, #877,573 ; live stock, 8,475,- 830 head ; grain over 181,769,690 bush- els; lumber nearly 900,000,000 feet. It has 260 manufactories and over 60,000 operatives. NIAGARA FALLS. Those who Miles from New York, 457.8. have Seen Niagara SUSPENSION want to go BRIDGE, again and Miles from New York, 459.6. again as to a shrine. Noble flood of waters ! There is food for thought in this marvelous crea- £§##$0,279,680 cubic feet of water rushing over? the precipice every second. The points of interest are ^tes*lfe' the Goat Island group consisting of several delightful little islands, viz. : Bath, Luna, Terrapin Rocks and Three Sisters. There are others not yet accessible and therefore not men- tioned. The cave of the winds. The view of views, and the first to be taken, should be from the bottom on the American side. The ride on the "Maid of the Mist" should be eu- joyed. The Rapids must be seen from the towers to be appreciated. Pros- pect Park, open to all, is a lovely spot. The gifted Anthony Trollope wrote: "Of all the sights on this earth of ours, which tourists travel to see, at least of all those which I have seen, I am inclined to give the palm to the Falls of Niagara. In the catalogue of such sights I would include all buildings, pictures, statues and wonders of art made by men's hands, and also all beauties of nature prepared by the Creator lor the de- light of his creatures. This is a long word, but, as far as my taste and judgment go, it is justified. I know no other one thing so beautiful, so glorious and so powerful." The Niagara River is but a link in the chain which connects the waters of Lake Superior with the Atlantic. Its extends from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario. When the waters leave Lake Ontario and flow onward, they are known as the River St. Lawrence, which is 700 miles long and empties into the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The Niagara River is part of the boundary line established between the Union and Canada by the treaty of Ghent, A. D. 1815. The boundary as then established runs through the centre of the Great Lakes and the deepest channel of the connecting rivers. In its course the Niagara River falls 336 feet, as follows: From Lake Erie to the Rapids above the Falls, 15 feet; in the Rapids, 55 feet ; at the Falls, 161 feet ; from the Falls to Lewiston, 98 feet ; from Lew- iston to Lake Ontario, 7 feet. It is supplied by Lake Superior, the larg- est body of fresh water in the world, 355 miles long, 160 miles wide, and 1030 feet deep; Lake Huron, 260 miles long, 100 miles wide and 1000 feet deep; Lake Michigan, 320 miles long, 70 miles wide and 1000 feet deep ; Lake St. Clair, 49 miles long, 15 miles wide and 20 feet deep ; Lake Erie, 290 miles long, 65 miles wide and 84 feet deep; together with a number of smaller lakes and one hundred rivers large and small, drain- ing a section of country more than 150,000 square miles. This is the drainage of almost half the conti- nent, whose remotest springs are fully 2000 miles from the ocean. It is, then, not surprising that the vol- ume of Niagara is so great and never noticeably diminished. The shops at Niagara are veritable junk shops ; many valuable pieces of bric-a-brac can be picked up, and much of no value whatever is daily, in season, carried away by sightseers. The railroad suspension bridge, commonly called the Old Bridge, is two miles below the Falls, and is 800 feet long, and spans 230 feet above thejif^faljafefcOf the most turbulent stream in the world, having a current flow'of 30 miles an hour. Connection is here, made with the Grand . Trunk Hail way and the West. Md over Vne picturesque V£tf\£tt VMiw, » YrlUv Yml tide Has b^ f P EmottaW ^ ^ass* ^Thi's [}oo/c made hy J»H1H.L?WELLH?- PO^TON.^AS^ tftjlh ^fraa. S.Lee? WISE PEOPLE TAKE THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD BETWEEN NEW YORK, PHILADELPHIA, ROCHESTER, BUFFALO, AND NIAGARA FALLS. ANTHRACITE COAL IS USED EXCLUSIVELY, ENSURING CLEANLINESS AND COMFOR NO DUST, NO SMOKE, NO CINDERS. ! 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