I I7fc * PORTRAITS OF THE PRESIDENTS United States of America WASHINGTON TO *S?> Of WASLY**^ CLEVELAND. WITH BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES. 1893. I f2^ Copyright J893 BY J A FARNUM. E^J FARN '-* ■'*■£& 1 H i|l 0& J^fmL. <^®Kr"* mm # ! : . ^ ' ' . '-' ^f* . . G/^^^^^\ GEORGE WASHINGTON, •7THE first president of the United States, was born in Westmoreland comity, Virginia, February 22, 1732. Served as lieutenant-colonel and colonel in the Virginia militia under General Braddock in 1755, and upon his death was appointed commander of the Virginia forces, being at that time, only twenty-three years of age. At the close of the campaign in 1758, he returned home, and in 1774- was elected a member of the Continental congress, and June 19, 1775, was appointed commander- in-chief of the army of the United Colonies, serving as such until Great Britain acknowledged the independence of the United States in March, 1783. Inaugurated president at New York cit\', then the seat of govern- ment, April 30,1789. Elected for a second term in 1792. Died at Alt. Vernon, Virginia, December 14-, 1799. JOHN ADAMS, '^'HE second president of the United States, was born at Ouincy, Massachusetts, October 30, 1735. Grad- uated from Harvard college in 1755, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1758. Elected a delegate to the general congress convened at Philadelphia in 1774. Delegate to the Continental congress from 1775 to 1777. Appointed commissioner to France in November, 1777. Minister to the court of Great Britain in 1785. Elected vice president in 1788, and re-elected in 1792. Inaugu- rated president March 4, 1797. Died at Quincy, July 4, 1826. 7^S^^7^ THOMAS JEFFERSON, '7THE third president of the United States, was born at Monticello, Albermarle count3', Virginia, April 2, 1743. Was educated at William and Mary college, and began the practice of law in 1767. Member of the Continental congress in 1775. Author of the Declara- tion of Independence. Governor of Virginia in 1779. Member of congress in 1783. Minister to France in 1784. Secretary of state under Washington in 1789. Elected vice president in 1796. Inaugurated president March 4, 1801, and again March 4, 1805, having been elected for a second term. Died at Monticello, July 4, 1826. /* tZsC4^<~ xyC( Zcst^-l^ 0^ JAMES MADISON, / ^"HE fourth president of the United States, was born at Montpelier, Kings county, Virginia, March 16, 1751. Graduated from Princeton college, New Jersey in 1771. Was elected a delegate to the Virginia conven- tion in 1776, and to the Continental congress in 1779. Member of the Virginia legislature in 1784. Member of congress in 1789. Was appointed secretary of state un- der President Jefferson in 1S01. Inaugurated president March 4, 1S09, and again March 4, 1813, for a second term. Died at Montpelier June 21, 1836. JAJIES MONROE, '^T'HE fifth president of the United States, was born in Westmoreland county, Virginia, April 28, 1759. Leaving college, at the age of eighteen years he enlisted in the army under Washington, and participated in several battles, being wounded at Trenton. Was pro- moted to a captaiiKW, and retired from the service in 1781. In 1782 he was elected a member of the Virginia legislature. Member of congress in 1783. United States senator in 1790. Minister to France in 1791. Secretary of state under President Madison in 1811. Inaugurated president March 5, 1817, and for a second term, March 1, 1821. Died at New York city, July 4, 1831. JOH1V QUINCY ADAJfS, ^yHE sixth president of the United States, was born at Ouincy, Massachusetts, July 11, 1767. Until he was eighteen years of age, much of his life was passed in France, England and Holland, with his father, who held important offices under the government of the United States. Attended school at Paris and Amster- dam. Returned to Ameiica in 17S5, entered college and graduated in 1787. Minister to the Netherlands in 1791, Berlin in 1796. Elected to the state senate of Massa- chusetts in 1802, and to the United States senate in 1803. Appointed minister to Russia in 1809. Inaug- urated president March 1, 1S25. Died at Washington, D. C, while making a speech in congress, February 23, 1848. ANDREW JACKSON, ^"HE seventh president of the United States, was bom at Waxaw, South Carolina, March 15, 1767. When fourteen years of age he enlisted in the army, and was taken prisoner by the British during an attack on his native town. Was released by exchange, and re- turned home, where he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1786. Removed to Tennessee in 1788, and was elected to congress in 1796, and United States senator in 1797. Resigning soon after, he was ap- pointed major-general of the state militia, and on May 22, 1814, a major-general in the regular army. Resigned in 1821, and was again elected United States senator in 1822. Inaugurated president March 4,1829, and again March 4, 1833, having been elected for a second term. Died at ''The Hermitage," near Nashville, Tennessee, June 8, 1845. MARTIN VAN BIREN, '7THE eighth president of the United States, was born at Kinderhook, New York, December 5, 17S2. Studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1803, and appointed attorney general of the state of New York in 1S15. Elected a member of the state senate in 1812, and United States senator in 1821. Governor of New York in 1828. Secretary of state tinder President Jack son in 1829. Minister to England 1831. Elected vice president in 1832. Inaugurated president March -1, 1837. Died at Kinderhook, July 24, 1862. WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON, "^HE ninth president of the United States, was born at Berkley, Virginia, February 9, 1773. Was edu- cated at Hampden Sydney college. In 1792 was com- missioned as ensign in the first regiment of United States artillery, lieutenant in 1793, and captain in 1795. Re- signed in 1797. Delegate to congress in 1798, and governor of the territory of Indiana in 1 803. Appointed commander-in-chief of the army in 1812. Resigned April 25, 1814. Elected to congress in 1816. State senate of Ohio in 1819. United States senator in 1824, Inaugurated president March 4,1841. Died at Wash- ington, D. C. April 4, 1841. JOHN TYLER, •^'HE tenth president of the United States, was born in Charles City county, Virginia, March 29, 1790. When twenty-one years of age, he was elected a member of the state legislature, and was re-elected for five con- secutive terms. Governor of Virginia in 1825, and United States senator in 1S27. Elected vice president in 184-0, and upon the death of President Harrison, April -4, 1811, became president. Joining the Southern states in their attempt to secede from the Union in 1861, he was elected to the Confederate congress. Died at Rich- mond, Virginia, Januarv 18, 1862. <3s "3 C?£L_ JAMES K. POLK, 'fTHE eleventh president of the United States, was born in Mecklenburg county. North Carolina, November 2, 1795. Graduated from the University of North Caro- lina in June, 1818. Studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1820. Elected to the Tennessee legislature in 1823, and served continuously until 1S39, when he was elected governor. Inaugurated president March 4-, 184-5. Died at Nashville, Tennessee, June 15, 1849. ZACHARY TAYLOR, 7THB twelfth president of the United States, was born in Orange county, Virginia, November 24. 1784. En- tered the United Scates array as lieutenant in 180S, was promoted to a captaincy, and resigned in 1812. Re-en- tered the arm}', and served as colonel during the Black Hawk War. In April, 1S3S, was appointed brigadier- general, and served during the war with Mexico. In- augurated president March 5, 1849. Died at Washing- ton, D. C, July 9, 1850. MILLARD FILLMORE, ^HE thirteenth president of the United States, was born at Summer Hill, Cayuga count\ r , New York, January 17, 18G0. His early life was passed upon his father's farm, with few opportunities for education. At the age of nineteen years he began the study of law, and in 1S23 was admitted to the bar. Later, he was elected to the state legislature, and in 1837 to congress. In 1848 he was elected vice president, and upon the death of President Taylor, July 9, 1S50, became presi- dent. Died at Buffalo, New York, March 5, 1874. FRANKLIN PIERCE, 7THB fourteenth president of the United States, was born at Hillsborough, New Hampshire, November 23, 1804. Was educated at Bowdoin college, studied law at Hillsborough, and served four years in the state legislature. Elected to congress in 1S33, United States senate 1S37. Served as brigadier-general during the war with Mexico in 1848. Inaugurated president March 4, 1853. Died at Concord, Xew Hampshire, Octobers, 1869. sir -t , « — ) ."''iiiiiMr ¥^ ^ -0--~ ; M Hi w JmSm gjlFv l 3>7frC^ £>^/^y^^i^y?z/? JAMES BUCHANAN, '^'HK fifteenth 'president of the United States, was born in Franklin county, Pennsylvania, April 23, 1791. Entered college at the age of fourteen years, admitted to the bar in 1812, and in 1814 enlisted for the defense of his country against the British. Served ten years in congress, and upon retiring therefrom, was appointed minister to Russia. Returning in 1S33, he was elected to the United States senate. In 1S15 he was appointed secretary of state under President Polk. .Minister to England in 1853. Inaugurated president March 4-, 1857. Died at Wheatland, near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Junel, 1868. ABRAHAM LINCOUV, ^T*HE sixteenth president of the United States, was born in Hardin county, Kentucky, February 12, 1809. Of humble parentage, his boyhood was passed amid the hardships and privations incident to frontier life. In 1819 his father removed with the family to Indiana, and in 1S30 to Illinois. The means of education at that time were very limited, his only opportunities being an occasional month of schooling, supplemented by reading, and the aid of private teachers. In 1836 he was elected a member of the Illinois state legislature, and member of congress in 1846. Inaugurated presi- dent March 4, 1861, and for a second term March 4. 1865. Died at Washington, D. C, by the hand of the assassin John Wilkes Booth, April 14, 1865. Trfih^JiAAS- *. 'M^si- ANDREW JOHNSON, ^'HE seventeenth president of the United States, was born at Raleigh, North Carolina, Decetnber29, 1808. At the age of ten years he was unable to read or write, but by diligent study and a strong determination to learn, he made rapid progress, and in a few years gradu- ated from Greenville college, Tennessee. Was elected alderman of Greenville in 1828. Mayor in 1830. State senator in 184-1. Member of congress in 184-3. Gov- ernorinl853 and 1855. United States senator in 1857. Elected vice president in 1861, and upon the death of President Lincoln, April 14-, 1S65, became president. Died at Carter's Station, Tennessee, Julv 31, 1875. ULYSSES S. GRANT, 'TT'Yl'E eighteenth president of the United States, was born at Point Pheasant, Clermont comity, Ohio, April 27, 1S22. Appointed cadet at the United States military academy in July, 1839. Graduated July 1, 1843, and was assigned to the fourth infantry with the rank of brevet second lieutenant. Served under Generals Tay- lor and Scott, during the war with Mexico. Resigned July 31, 1S5-1, having attained the rank of captain. Appointed colonel of the twenty-first Illinois infantry June 27, 1861. Brigadier-general of Volunteers, to date May 17, 1861. Major-general of Volunteers, February 16, 1S62. Major-general in the regular army July 4-, 1863. Lieutenant-general, March 2, 1861. General July 25, 1S66. Inaugurated president, March 4, 1869, and again March 4, 1873, having been elected for a second term. Died at Mt. McGregor, New Vork, July 23, 1885. RITHERFORD B. HAYES, / ^'HE nineteenth president of the United States, was born in Delaware county, Ohio, October 4, 1822. Entered Kenyon college when sixteen } r ears of age, and graduated in 184-2. Studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 184-4. Appointed major of the twenty-third Ohio infantry in 1S61. Was wounded at the battle of Antietam, promoted to the rank of lieutenant-colonel, and colonel, and appointed brigadier-general "for gal- lant and meritorious services in the battles of Winches- ter, Fisher's Hill and Cedar Creek," and major-general, "for gallant services during the war." Served two terms in congress, and was elected governor of Ohio, in 1867, 1869 and 1875. Inaugurated president March 4, 1877. Died at Fremont, Ohio, January 17, 1S93. JAMES A. GARFIELD, / ^'HK twentieth president of the United States, was borninCuyahogaconnty, Ohio, November 19, 1831. Entered Williams college in 1S54-, graduating in 1856. Was elected to the Ohio state senate in 1859. Studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1861. The same year he enlisted in the forty-second Ohio infantry, and was subsequently appointed colonel, and brigadier-gen- eral in March, 1862. Served as chief of staff to General Rosecrans in 1863, and was made a major-general for gallant services at the battle of Chicamanga. Member of congress from 1S64 to 1S6S. Inaugurated president March 4, 1881. Shot by Charles J. Guiteau, at Wash- ington, Jul\ r 2, and died at Elberon, New 7 Terse} 7 , Septem- ber 19, 1881. CHESTER A. ARTHIR, ^"HE twenty-first president of the United States, was born at Fairfield, Franklin county, Vermont, Octo- bers, 1830. Entered Union college in 1845, and graduated in 184-8. Studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1854. Appointed quartermaster general of the state of New York in April 1861, and inspector general in Feb- ruary, 1862. Elected vice president in 18S0, and upon the death of President Garfield, September 19, 1881, became president. Died at New York city November 18, 18S6. GROYER CLEVELAND, -^"HE twenty-second president of the United States, was born at Caldwell, New Jersey, March 18, 1837. Studied law at Buffalo, New York, was admit- ted to the bar, and in 1865 was appointed district attorney for Erie county. Elected sheriff in 1870 and later, mayor of the city of Buffalo. Governor of the state of New York in 1882. Elected president in Novem- ber, 1884, and inaugurated March 4-, 1885. BENJAMIN HARRISON, 7THE twenty third president of the United States, was born at North Bend, Hamilton county, Ohio, Au- gust 20, 1833. Graduated from Miami university at Ox- ford in 1 S52. Entered the military service in July, 1862, as lieutenant of Company A, seventeenth Indiana in- fantry, was promoted to captain, and when his regi ment went to the field in August, was commissioned colonel. Served during the Atlanta campaign under General Sherman, participating in all the battles from Chattanooga to Atlanta, and for gallant services at the battle of Peach Tree Creek, July 20, 1S64, was breveted brigadier-general. Resumed the practice of law at the close of the w^ar, and in January, 1881, was elected United States senator. Inaugurated president, March 4-, 1S89. GROVER CLEVELAND. ^HE twenty-fourth president of the United States, was elected November 8, 1S92, for the term of four 3^ears, ending March 4, 1897, and was inaugurated March 4, 1893. He had previously served one term, from March 4, 1885, to March 4, 1889. / SbM LIBRARY