BookJAliiD^ HISTORY -i OF McDoNOUGH County ILLINOIS ITS CITIES, TOWNS AND VILLAGES, EARLY REMINISCENCES, PERSONAL INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES, AND A COMPLETE BUSINESS DIRECTOKY OP THE COUNTY. J / By S. J. CLARKE. SPRINGFIELD, D. W. LUSK, STATE PRINTER AND BINDER. 1878. TO THE PIONEERS OP Mcdonough county, THIS VOLUME IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED BT THE AUTHOR. PREFACE. It is uow two years since I conceived the idea of publishing a sketch of McDonoufjh county, for that was all really intended. The first to whom I submitted my plan was Hon. Benjamin R. Hampton, who approved the same as far as it went, but suggested its enlargement, and referred me to Hon. James M. Campbell, Hon. Alexander McLean, Joseph E. Wyne,and others for their opinion. Each one encouraged the enterprise, but with the suggestion that I should publish not only a short sketch, but a full and complete history of the county. Prospectuses of the proposed publication were at once issued and the work began. In order to test the enterprise a partial canvass of the city of Macomb was made, and in three or four days' time two hundred subscribers were Becured, and I was thus encouraged to continue the work and solicit subscriptions from those living in other towns and in the country. Of the magnitude of the work I then had no conception. I was of the opinion there were yet living many of the old pioneei-s from whom information could be obtained without difficulty; but in this I was greatly mistaken. Few indeed are the number dating their residence in the county previous to the year 1830 ; and even of those of from one to five years latar, the number Ls fast becoming perceptibly less. Since th^ projectitm of this work, quite a number have been calletl to their long homes, of whom we now recall the names of Hon. James Clarke, Hon. Cyrus Walker, Vandever Banks. T. J. Pennington, John Clark, David Seybold, John Lane, and Larkin C. Bacon, the last mentioned passing away while the work was in the hands of the printer. From some of these we expected to obtain much vtiJaable information, and had single interviews with one or two, with the promino of othei*s; bat 'Man proiJoses and God disposes."' The interviews were never had, and now their lips ara hushed in death, and no more will their stories of pioneer life bo ILsttoied to with interest and pleasure liy those gathering around their hospitable firesides. The author has lal)ored under many advei-so circumstances in the prosecution of the worlc Without a dollar in his prxiket or to his credit, without material assistance of any kind from any source, he began the compilation of a work that has required two full years to cumi>let«. 4 I'REFACE. As previously remarked, the diflSculty in securing information was far greater than he anticipated ; eHpecially has this been the case with respect to dates. In order to learn the dates of the settlements made by William Carter and "William Job, several weeks were spent in visiting and interviewing old settlers, besides writing many letters to those who had formerly lived in the county and were supposed to be cognizant of the facts in the case. The conclusions arrived at are satisfactory to his mind, and will be to the mind of any who will take the same trouble to obtain the knowledge. The same car© taken to learn the exact time in which the settlements mentioned were made, has been taken to verify every fact given. That errors may creep in, however guarded one may be, cannot be doubted ; but I believe they will be few and far between. Although in the compilation of the work much time has been spent, and therefore it has been quite tedious, yet it has not been unmixed with pleasure. Many days and nights have I spent in listening to the stories of the old pioneers ; ever hearing some- thing new ; now laughing and then crying, as the ludicrous or the pathetic was narrated ; and then in the study of the character of our fathers and those of the present genera- tion, time with me has slipped quickly away. And now, at the close of my labors, I cannot lay down my pen without returning thanks to the many kind friends who have assisted me in obtaining information, and have encouraged me from time to time with words of cheer ; especially would I remem- ber Hon. James M. Campbell, Hon. Alexander McLean, I. N. Pearson, Circuit Clerk ; Joseph E. Wyne, Deputy Circuit Clerk ; A. L. Sparks, County Clerk ; Hampton & Hain- line, publishers Macomb Journal ; Thomas Fulkerson and Charles E. Hume, all of whom have placed me under special obligations. I would also not forget Rev. B. N. Wiles, of Macomb, who, by his advice and counsel has greatly assisted me, nor Charles C. Chapman, who has been a co-laborer with me in the work. The printing is from the office of D. W. Lusk, State Printer, Springfield, Illinois, and great credit is due him for the handsome typographical appearance of the book. The binding is from the same establishment, and superintended by George E. Boos, the excellent foreman of the bindery department, who is entitled to thanks for the faithful manner in which he has performed his part of the work. My work is now done, and it is presented to you with the hope that it may please; that its errors you will kindly overlook, and that you will be well repaid in its perusal. Yours truly. S. J. CLARKE. Macomb, III., Dec;mber 1, 1877. ' ' % ' TABLE OF CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. EARLY SETTLEMENTS. First Settlements— Home of the Red Men— Beautiful Country— A Prairie Fire- A Change^l Scene— Boundaries of County Defined by Act of the Legislature— Timber and Prairie- First Settlers— Sketch of the Life of John Baker— Macomb Settlement- Flogging In- diana—A Great Hunt-Death by a, Deer— Organization of County— Meeting of County Commissioners— Various Orders— Election of Magistrates— Names of Jurors for First Term of Circuit Court— First Treasurer— Eight Hundred Dollars Bond— First Term of Circuit Court— Taxes— Big Snow— Description of same by James Clarke, Esq.— John Rogers— Hominy as a Daily Food— Dreary Winter— Settlers Generally Cheerful— Only One Marriage 17 — 26 CHAPTER II. 1831. James M. Caniiibell- Appointment to Various Onices- Taken for a Yankee— Prejudice Against this Class— Economy in County Affairs— Survey of Macomb— Would Not Work for the Two Best Lots in Town— Court House— Tavern License— Rates Allowed Land- lords—First Applicant a Preacher— Sale of Town Lots in Macomb— Resignation of John Baker- Appointment of J. M. Campbell— Oath of Oilice— Mercantile License Required- Appointment of Commissioner of School Lands— Second Term of Court— Trial of David Morgan for Murder— Convicted— Verdict Set Aside by the Judge, and Prisoner Dis- charged—Indictment Against Thomas Morgan for Murder— Continuance Granted— Escape from Schuyler County Jail— J. W. Brattle— County Treasurer— Twelve Marriages Carrying Postoffice in His Hat— First Postmaster 27— S2 CHAPTER ni. 1832-34. Hard Life and Poverty of Early Settlers— "Millions In It"— Erection of a Jail— A Hard Kick— Strange Order- Tax on Slaves- Is McDonough County in a Free State ?— New- Court House— Awarding the Contracts— Completion and Occupancy— Years of Service— An Incident— Expenses of County— Strange Accounts— Black Hawk War— Company Formed at Macomb— Eighty-six days in Service— Partial List of Volunteers— Cold Weather— Frozen to Death 83 — 38 6 CONTENTS. CHAPTEK IV. THE LOST CHILD. Where Is Willie?— Anxiety of the Mother— Search for the Wanderer- First Night— Not Yet Found— Help Arriving— Second Day's Search— Discouragement of the Searchers— An- other Night of Suspense— The Mother's Agony— Dangerous Condition— Third Night- No Nearer a Solution of the Question— Fourth Day of the Search— Searchers Going J lome— Determination of Others to Solve the Mystery— Hope— Disappointment— F(X)t Prints Again Discovered— Trail Lost— Again Discovered— Found— Capture— Nearly Wild— Father Notified— The Joyful News Broken to the Mother— Restoration of the Lost Child to His Mother's Arms— Reflections 39— 4& CHAPTER V. MUKDEB OF JOHN WILSON. The McFaddens'— John Wilson- Threatsmadeby McFaddens' against Wilson— Shooting of Wilson- Coolness of the Murderers — Their Arrest—Excitement of the People — Prelim- inary Examination— Committed to Jail without Bail— Trial and Execution at Rush- ville 46— 4& CHAPTER YI. PEBSONAL INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES. Hospitality of Early Settlers— Even Book Agents Welcomed— Prejudice Against Yankees- Charles R. Hume— "Visit from a Neighbor— Ordered to Leave— Didn't Go— Invitation to Dine— Accepted at the Point of a Pistol— Talk Over Matters— Uncle Billy McKamy— How lie Treated a Yankee— Neighborly Act— Grimm and the Lewistown Lawyers — Possession Nine Points in the Law— Neighbors that were not Neighborly— Determina- tion of a Young Couple to Marry— Objection by Parents— The Runaways— Firet Night in the Woods— Arrival at Nauvoo — Embarassment of the Bridegroom-" Have You Got Any Nails ? "—The Knot Tied— A Marriage That Didn't Occur -Couldn't Marry au Abo- litionist—The Supper Eaten and Guests Dismissed— "Not Guilty"— "But I Admonish Y'ou Never to do it Again"— Guilty, Yet Not Guilty— Swearing in Court— Killing a Witch— Conviction and Death Sentence by a Justice of the Peace— "Bring on Your Rails "—"The whole d— d thing's busted up." 4(V— 67 CHAPTER VII. 1834—38. Little Required For Actual Necessities— Fashionable Society Not Introduced— Opening New Roads— Why Timber Land Was First Settled— Aid Asked of State to Pay Expenses of the McFaddens' Trial— Not Granted— Thomas Ilayden Allowed $1.50 for Hanging McFad- dens— Paupers-Freeing a Slave— Hard Times Following Panic of 1837— Not Felt Until 1838— Continued For Several Years— Substitutes For Money— Sample of Prices- Richard Pennington's Story— Nearest Market— Selection From Ford's History— Laws of Trade- How a modern farmer lost his money 58—65 CHAPTER yill. EAKLY SETTLEMENTS. Carter's— Job's— Pennington's Point— Camp Creek— Macomb— Ilillsgrove-Middletown 66— 7& CHAPTER IX. THE MOBMONS. Population of County— Mormons— Sympathy Enlisted— Description of the Mormons— Their Religion— Conversion of George Miller- A Wonderful Cure by "I^aying on of Hands"- Baptism oi Miller— Removal to Nauvoo— Election of 1&13— Cyrus Walker— Mormons CONTENTS. 7 ■ Hold the Biilance of Power— Peculiar Ordinances of Nauvoo— Mormon Justice— Deter- mination of the People to Efl'ect a Change— The Militia Assemble at Carthage— Arri- val of Gov. Ford— A Conference— Committee sent to Nauvoo— Surrender of Joe Smith and Others— Joe Smith shown to the Troops— Discharge of the Volunteers— McDonough Troops Return— The Governor Goes to Nauvoo— Killing of the Prophet— Graphic De- scription—End of the Murderers not Gained— Horse Stealing— Mormons Charged with All Kinds of Theft— Flogging Mormons— Volunteers for Nauvoo— A Battle— One Killed, Several Wounded— The Mormons Are Sent Over the River— List of Volunteers From McDonough in 1841 7C— 9d CHAPTER X. A NEWSPAPKB AND A EAELEOAD. Reorganization of the County— Last Meeting of the County Commissioners— County Court —Railroad Agitation— A Newspaper in Macomb— George W. Smith— His Melancholy End— The "Independent" on Railroads— Railroad Meetings— County Court Petitioned to Order a Vote on the County Taking Stock in the Proposed Road— Order Granted— Canvass of the County- Opposition to Railroads— "What a Terrible Thing it would be" —Statement that One Train of Cars would Carry all the Surplus Grain and Stock Raised in the County in One Year— How is it Now — Railroads and Yankee Thrift— Postpone- ment of the Vote— Further Efforts— Vote Taken— Carried— Prediction of the Independ- ent More than Fulfilled— Another Election Called— Additional Stock Subscribed— First Appearance of the Iron Horse— Effect on Values 90—107 CHAPTER XI. HOME LITE AND AMUSEMENTS. Dwellings of Our Fathers — Exterior Description— People Industrions—Children Compelled to Labor— Clothing Worn— Home Manufacture — Drudgery of Women — Influence of the Bible— Cultivation of Flax, Cottou and Wool— The Big and Little Spinning Wheels- Seasons of Fun— Quilting Bees— Corn Huskinga — Apple Parings— The Little Brown Jug- Drinking Universal— Hunting— House Raising— Election Days— Kind Hearts- Neigh- borly Acts and Universal Love lOS— 112 CHAPTER XII. VABIOU3 MATTEBS. Murder of Jams Dye — Coroner's Inquest— Verdict of Jury — Arrest of Mrs. Dye, David Bur- ress, and S. P. Ray— Commitment to Jail— Indictment by the Grand Jury— Ray Dis- charged by the Court— Change of Venue Taken by the Other Parties— Trial of Mrs. Dye at Lewiston — Able Counsel Employed— Convicted— Four Years in the Penitentiary — Pardoned Before Expiration of Terra— Belief in her Innocence— Death— Other Rail- roads Projected — 550,000 Subscibed in Aid of R. I. & A. Rtiilroad- Order Made by Court to Take the Vote on the Adoption or Rejection of Township Organization Law— Propo- sition Carried- Commissioners Appointed to Divide the County Into Townships— New Jail— Poorly Constructed— An Expense to the County— Sale of the Old Jail to the City of Macomb— Last Meeting of the Court— Escape of Burress — Never Secured 110 — 119 CHAPTER XIII. DIVISION OP THE COUNTY. County Divided Into Sixteen Townships— Names— First Election— Changes Since Made — Historical Sketches of the Townships— Eldorado— Industry— New Salem— Mound— Scot- land— Macomb— Walnut Grove— Blandinsville—Clmlmers — Prairie City and Bushnell— Hire— Tennessee— Lnmoine— Emmet— Bethel 120—139 8 CONTENTS. CHAPTER XIV. GEOLOGICAL. Geological Information — Statistics— St. Louis Limestone— Keokuk Limestone- Coal— Fire Clay— Iron Ore— Building Stone— Limestone for Lime— Sand and Clay for Brick— Soil and Agriculture 140—157 CHAPTER XV. TEMPEEANCE. Views of Early Settlors on the Temperance Question— Pure Whisky Would Make the Drunk Come— Washingtoniau Tidal Wave— First Temperance Lecture in the County— Difli- culty in Securing a Chairman— Effect of the Addresses— Sons of Temperance— Good Templars— Temple of Honor— Daughters of Temperance — Cadets of Temperance- Cold Water Templars— Election of a Temperance Candidate for the Legislature— Decrease of Intemperance— Remarks 158—160 CHAPTER XVI. 1857-1860. First Meeting of the Board of Supervisors— Names of Members— Resume of the Preced- ing Ten Years- Speculative Fever— High Prices of Real Estate— 1856— Nemaha Valley Bank— Crash of 1857— Failure of William II. Randolph & Co.— Public and Private Im- provements Su.spended — Depreciation of Values — The License Question — Saloon Keepers Imitate Example of the Importunate Women in the Scriptures— Reduction of License— Poor Farm Ordered Sold— Trouble between City of Macomb and County on the Pauper Question— N. C. R. R. Bonds— Refu.sal by the Board to pay the Coupons in New York — Suit Brought Against tlie County — County's Counsel Advises the Payment According to Contract— Resolutions Asking Relief to Taxpayers- Low Prices— Scarcity of Gold— Various Resolutions Looking to Relief 161 — 166 CHAPTER XVII. THE WAE AT HOME. 'Days that Tried Men's Sonls."~McDonough County Politically — Natural Sympathy of many with the South— Patriotism Prevails— Love for the Old Flag— Bombardment of Fort Sumpter— How the News was Received in McDonough— The County Aroused — Quick Response to the Call of the President— Meetings held Throughout the County — Specimen Resolutions— Organization of Three Companies for the Sixteenth Regiment — Their Departure — "May God Bless You."— Old and Young Desire to Enlist — Battle Fields — Many Vacant (/'liairs now to be Seen— Sleeveless Coats now Among Us— Aid Societies Formed— The Women Determined to do their Duty— The Twenty-eighth Regi- ment at Shiloh— Flag Presented by the County to Company "D." — One Hundred Dollars Appropriated by the Board of Supervisors for Sanitary Purposes — Bad News from the Field —Organization of the Sons of Liberty — Party Strife Again Running High— Recruit- ing almost Suspended— Hampton's Resolutions — Voted Down — Reid's Resolutions Adopted — Resolutions to Encourage and Aid Enlistments — Board Refused to Adopt — Call from the Government for More Volunteers— Draft Ordered— Appointment of Wm. H. Randolph Deputy United States Marshal— Resolutions Favorable to a Bounty Adopt- ed—Three Hundred Dollars Bounty— L. H. Waters and others Oppose It— Amount Ex- pended— Killing of Wm. H. Randolph, Deputy United States Marshall— Escape of the Murderers— Capture of Miles Bond by Frank E. Fowler, United States Detective— Trial at Rushville— Acquittal— Arrest of James and John Bond— Trial at Macomb— Verdict Rendered "Not Guilty."— Great Excitement— Fall of Richmond— Joy of the People — Joy Turned into Sorrow — A.ssassination of President Lincoln— Close of the Rebellion- Return of the Boys in Blue— Thanks be to the Father of All 167—181 CONTENTS. y CHAPTER XVIII. THE WAB IN THE FIELD. Soldiers Brave and Modest— Sixteenth Regiment— Irish Lovers— Ancestrj'—" Architect of the Natural Bridge "-Dutch Solomon and General Pope— Stealing their Ammunition — " Clase Up"— "Is That High Enough Massa"— Model Business Letter— More Compa- nies Raised— Company II, Second Illinois Cavalry— Twenty-Eighth Regiment— Company L, Seventh Illinois Cavalry— Swearing Soldier— Fifty Fifth Regiment— Company C, Fifty - Ninth Regiment — Sixty-Fourth Regiment— John Jacobs, a Prisoner- Claims to be a Con- federate Spy— Borrows a Mule and Gun from Rebels- Captured by Union Soldiers— About to bo Hung as a Rebel Spy— Taken to Ileadquarters-Identified— Recovery of Mule and Gun— Discipline — Give the Countersign—" I'm General Gordon Granger "—"You Can- not Pass Here" — Capture of a Rebel Flag — Seventy-Eighth Regiment— One Hundred and Nineteenth Regiment— One Hundred and Twenty-Fourth Regiment- One Hundred and Thirty-Seventh Regiment— One Hundred and Fifty-First Regiment — Company H, Second Artillery— Company B, Tenth Missouri— General Summary —List of McDonoug^ Soldiers — Residence— Date of Enlistment— Final Disposition— Miscellaneous List 182 — 241 CHAPTER XIX. FIBST IMPBESSIONS MAEKING STOCK. What Various Individuals Thought of McDonough County— Stock Marks 242—246 CHAPTER XX. NEW COURT HOUSE AND JAIL. 186S — Resolutions in Favor of Building— Condemnation of the Old Structure— Committee Appointed to Confer with the City Council of Macomb — Legislature Petitioned— Taylor's Resolution— White's Resolution— Refusal to Build Unless Macomb Should Donate 820,000 Additional to Their Tax— City Council Refuses to Comply— N. P. Tinslcy Steps in the Breach— Agreement Between Macomb and the County— Plans Adopted— Contract Awarded— Cost — Description-List of All County Officers 247 —256 CHAPTER XXI. OTHEE EAILEOADS. Rock Island and Alton Railroad— Aid Granted— Southern Outlet— Sale of the Franchises of the Road— Tricks of the New Company— New Lines Adopted — Large Subscriptions Ob- tjiined — Demand for County's Subscription — Sold Under Mortgage — New Company Formed— Again Sold— Petition to the County Board to Vote Subscription to II., M. C.,L. . A Doubtful County — Party Lines were not Drawn During First Ten Years— No Caucuses in That Time— 1810— Democratic and Whig Parties Held Nominating Convention?— Party Lines Closely Drawn— Hard Cider— Whig Cclebratien at Macomb on the Fourth of July — What Democrats Said of It— Whigs Victorious— 1&^11-12— Democrats Triumphant First Year and Whigs the Second— 1813— Cyrus Walker and James P. Iloge — Endeavor to Se- the Mormon Vote — Trickery of Smith, the Mormon Prophets— Walker Defeated — 1844 — Whigs Again Triumphant in August, but Beaten in November— 1815-51— Various Changes Occurred — 1852— Last Campaign of the Whim's as a National Party— Triumphant in this County — 1853 — Democracy Victorious— 1854— Waters Carried the County by One Vote — Democrats Carrying the Rest of the Ticket — Waters' Election Contested — His Resigna- tion— .\nother Election Held, and Waters Again Triumphant— ISij.S— No Opposition to the Democracy — Republicans, Aiiicricans and Democrats in Campaign of 1856 — Democ- racy Ahead — The American Party Gives up the Ghost — Gains in the Republican Party in 1858— Light Vote in 1859— Campaign of 186C — Republicans Victorious— 1861-64— De- mocracy Victorious— 1865 — Republicans to the Front— Ditto in 1866— Democrats Elect County Ticket in 1867— U. S. Grant carries the County in 1868— Democracy Ahead the Following Y' ear— Ditto in 1870— Considerable Scratching— Grant Ahead in 1872— New Party Ahead In 1873—187-4-76, Republicans Ahead— General Remarks— Official Vote from 1.S30 to 1876 inclusive 390—411 CHAPTER XXXII. EDUCATIONAT.. Progressive Ed ucntion— Early Teaching— The Three R's— Few Schools in the Early Time— The Great Number at Present— The Old Log School House- Its Furniture— Woodside's Agreement- School Lands— Items From School Stiitistics— M'Donough College— Prairie City Acadamy— M'Donough Normal and Scientific College— Macomb Female Seminary- Sketches of the Various District Schools of Each Township— School Statistics 412—434 CHAPTER XXXni. EIOOBAPHIOAL SKETCHES CONTTNUED. Elder John Logan— William F. McCandles— Captain J. C. McClellan— Hon. Alexander Mc- Lean— William C. Mc-Leod— John Mustain— Wiiliam D. Mustain— A. H. McGahan— Rev. Josiah Moore— Richard Musson— Thomas A. Mustain— Hon. William H. Necce— .\bra- ham Newland, Jr. —.\saK. Owen— Isaac N. Pearson— Joseph E. Porter— Hon. William H. Randolph— James Roberts 435 — 481 CHAPTER XXXIV. BIOOItAPniCAL SKETCHES CONTINUED. Captain James W. Foe— Harvey L. Ross— Joseph Shannon- John William Siders— Benjamin F. Thompson— Elder J. L. Towner— Roswell Tyrrell— Captain J. B. Venard— Captain D. P. Wells— John G. Woodside— John Wiley— Isaac Weaver- Dr. Beverly R. Westfall— Hon. E. K. Westfall— Charles Wilson— Hon. C. F. Wheat— Major Stephen Yocum _482— 526 12 CONTENTS. CHAPTER XXXV. liELIOIOUS. Influence of Christianity— Tlio hnprovoments That Follow the Teachings of the Bible- First Preaching in the County— Elder Logan— His Labors as a Preacher— Sketches.— Jfef/MtarBapoddsi)tJ/e— Town Laid Out— Location— Directory— JlfiddWoiwi 642—646 CHAPTEE XLIII. PEAIIUE CITY. Situation— When Laid Out— First Store— First Building— First Preacher— Size of the Original Town— Distance from Macomb and Chicago— First School Building— Barnes" and Par- ker's Addition— Incorporated as a Town— Officers Elected— Newspaper-Growth of the Town— Prairie City Academy— Schools— Churches-Petition to the Town Board— Ceme- teries— Village Organization— First Board— First Resolution— List of Town Officers— Prai- rie City Chronicle- Amount of Business Transacted— Business Notices— Business Direc- tory 647 — 655 CHAPTER XLIV. BUSHNELL. Location- Survey— First Sale of Lots— Town Named— Wolf Pole— Trackless Prairie— Hen- dricksoH Lost— Found— First Store Building— First Stock oi Goods— First Dwellirtgs— First Hotel— Prosperity of the Town— Liberality of the Original Proprietors— Failures- New Railroad— Manufactories— Improvements— New School Building— Summary of Business Firm^— Amount of Business— Public Library— Organization as a City— Election, Officers Elected -List of Officers— Classified Business Directory 656—667 CHAPTER XLV. BAKDOLPH. Town Laid Out— Location— Name-First Dwelling— First Store—Growth of the place— Price of Ijots— First School House— Incorporated as a Town— Trustees— Incorporated as a Vil- lage—Cause for the Change— Trustees— Temperance Town— School— Cemctery—Ship- nients U) and from the Town— Business Notices— Business Directory 608—676 CHAPTER XLVI. CXJLCHESTER TENNESSEE HUOi's OEOVE AND COLMAB. Colcficslcr—Liiud Surveyed— Name— First House— First Stock of Groceries— Hotel— First Stock of Dry Goods— Additions— Prosperity of the Place— Incorporated as a Town— The Natural Advantages of Colchester— Coal Interests— Roberts' Mines— Quiiicy Coal Company— Colchester Coal Company— Their Immense Business— ShipmenUs and Re- ceipts— Schools— Churches— License Question— List of Town Officers— Mercantile Trade —Business Notices-Business Directory— renwssce— Town Laid Out— Ix)cation— Size of Lots— Value— Incorporated as a Town— Names of Members of the Various Boards of TtuBtoes— Clerks— Churches— Schools— Calaboose— Shipments and Receipts by Rail- Business Directory— //»;rs Ororc- Laid Out- Location— Surrounding Country— Business Directorj-—Cofmor— Location— Size of Plat^Growth of the Place— Shipment and Re- cti pts by Railroad— Business Directory 6T7— 686 14 CONTENTS. CHAPTER XLVII. 80IOTA GOOD UOPH — ADAIB — NEW PHILADELPHIA — WALNUT GBOVE AND 8COTTSBUKG. Sciota — First Name- Location — Surrounding Country— Additions— First Stone Building- First Store — Incorporated — Trustees— First Sermou— First Sclioul — Churches— Prosperity of the Town— Great Grain Market— Mercantile Trade — Business Notices— Shipments by Rjillroad— Business Directory— Good //ope— Rivalry Between Towns— Town of Sher- idan— Town of Milan— Post Office of Good Ilope— Town named Good Hope — Mrst Store — First Dwelling— Old Post Office— Incorporated as a Town— Incorporated as a Vil- lage — Trustees— Prosperity— General Character of the Town— First Sermon — Schools— Churches— Amount Shipped l)y Railroad— Business Notices— Business Directory— ^c/atr —Laid Out— Location— Amount of Stock and Grain Shipped— First Business House— Population— Business Directory— A^ew P/u7adfip/??a— Location— Old Plat — New Survey- Name— Directory— Walnut ffrove— Location— Business Directory— Sco««6uri7— Location- Shipment of Fire Clay fiS7— 092 CHAPTER I. EARLY SETTLEMENT ORGANIZATION. The first settlement of MeDonough county of which we have record was in the spring of 1826. Previous to this time the county was in a state of unbroken wildness, the home of red men,' who roamed at will over its broad prairies, engaged in occupations peculiar to their race. No one, save the old settler, or one who has visited the far West, can fully realize the beauty of the coun- try at that time. Dividing the county centrally north and south, we had upon the east a broad prairie extending as far as the eye could reach, the tall grass gently undulating like the waves of the sea, while upon the west the giant oak, the stately elm, and the useful hickory seemingly pierced the very heavens, and stood as faithful sentinels over their entire surroundings. No fallen tim- ber or undergrowth of any kind obstructed the passage, the annual prairie fire making a clean path for all. A prairie on fire ! Have you ever witnessed one? The sight is a magnificent one indeed. A correspondent of the Philadelphia Enquirer, on a visit to this State in 1837, while traveling up the Mississippi, described in glow- ing terms the scenery on that grand old stream, and thus graphic- ally sketched a prairie on fire : " Whilst enjoying the sublimity of the scene, night threw her mantle o'er the earth, and the sentinel stars set their watch in the skies, when suddenly the scene was lighted by a hlaze of light illuminating ever}' object around. It was the prairie on fire. Lan- guage cannot convey, words cannot express to you the faintest idea of the grandeur and splendor of that mighty conflagration. Me- thought that the pale Queen of Night, disclaiming to take her ac- customed place in the heavens, had dispatched ten thousand messengers to light their torches at the altar of the setting sun, and that now they were speeding on the wings of the wind to their H— 2 18 HISTORY OP m'dONOUGH COUNTY. appointed stations. As I gazed on that mighty conflagration my thougiits recurred to you, immured in the walls of a city, and I exclaimed in the fullness of my heart : ' O fly to the prairie in wonder, and gaze, As o'er the grass sweeps the magnificent blaze : The world cannot boast so romantic a sight, A continent flaming, 'mid oceans of light.' " How changed the scene now ! The timber, in many places, has been cleared away, and beautiful farms appear in its stead. The broad prairies have been shorn of their native beauty, and the hand of man has endeavored to excel in their decoration. The iron horse now courses over the prairie and through the timber where once only the trail of the red man was known. Villages, towns and cities appear w^here the wigwam was once seen. All this change has taken place in fifty years. What will the next fifty years bring forth ? Who can tell ? On the admission of the State into the Union, what is now known as McDonough county was a part of Madison. Afterward, by an act of the Legislature, approved June 30, 1821, it was placed with- in the boundaries of Pike, and by a subsequent act, approved Feb- ruary 10, 1826, its present boundaries were determined, and it was attached to Schuyler county for judicial and recording purposes. As before remarked, the county is about equally divided between timber and prairie, the eastern tier of townships being mainly prairie, while the western is chiefly timber. When we shall come to the descriptions of townships, we shall notice this matter more at length, giving the exact proportions of each. The county is bounded on the north by Henderson and Warren, on the south by Schuyler, on the east by Fulton, and on the west by Hancock. To William Carter and *Riggs Pennington belong the honor of the fii-st settlement, about one mile southeast of the present town of Industry, in the south part of the county. The settlement was named in honor of Mr. Carter, who resided in the neighborhood for several years, when he removed to the State of Missouri. Mr. Pennington, shortly afterward, removed also. He was the first Justice of the Peace residing in the county. It is not known if any others settled in the county that year, but in the followingyear (1827) William Job and brother, John Vance, and others, settled near where the town of Blandinsville is now lo cated, the neighborhood taking the name, and being known for many *Riggs Pennington left the county at a very early day, removing to Knox county, in this State, from which place he emigrated to Texas in the spring of 1837, and where he died some years since. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 19 years afterwards as " Job's settlement." William Pennington, in 1828, located in the neighborhood now known as "Pennington's Point," in the southwest corner of New Salem township, where he remained about three years, removing to Spring Creek, in the north part of the county. Elias McFadden, also, at this time set- tled near the present city of Macomb, living on the farm now owned by William Hunter, about one mile south of the city, John Baker came out in the fall of this year, or in the spring of '29, and built the first house on the site of the present city of Macomb. Mr. Baker was a minister of the Regular Baptist Church, but gave little time to his calling, engaging almost exclusively in secular pursuits. He was appointed the first Clerk pro tern, of the County Commissioners' Court on the organization of the county, which position he retained only a few months. He held membership -in the New Hope Baptist Church, in Job's settlement, from which he was expelled for unchristian conduct. He left the county about the year 1835, going to Missouri, and from thence to Texas. In the latter place he again felt a longing desire to become useful in the cause ot Christ, and friends there, knowing his talents, desired him to resume the work of the ministry. This he was too con- scientious to do until first restored by the church from which he had been excluded; so, in the year 1840, he returned to the county, riding eight hundred miles of the distance on horseback, that he might again meet with the New Hope Church, make confession, and be restored to its fellowship. The church joyfully received hiui, and he was again commissioned to go forth bearing "glad tidings." Returning to Texas, he was occasionally heard from for several years later, and always with good report. Whether now living or dead, we know not. In 1830, James Clarke, David Clarke, William Pringle, Resin Nay- lor, and a few others, settled in the neighborhood of Macomb. At this time Indians were still frequent visitors to the cabins of the white man. It was in the fall of 1830 that a large number of the tribe of Fox or Sac Indians encamped on the creek just west of Macomb for the purpose of engaging in their annual fall hunt, when a few of the brave settlers went out and ordered them away, and in order to hasten their departure, caught a few of them, and while some of their number kept guard, Resin Naylor, with a hickory withe, gave them thirty and nine lashes upon their bare backs. In doing this the settlers ran a great risk, for the In- dians were well armed, while the whites had only a few old flint- 20 HISTORY OF m'dONOLU^H COUNTY. lock muskets, the most of whicli were too rusty to be of any service. Luckily no resistance was made, and the Indians hastily left. As showing how destructive of game the Indians were, it is re- lated that in the fall of 1829 one solitary Indian killed one hundred and sixty-nine deer in the region known as Wilson's Mill, about four miles southwest of Macomb ; and, strange to relate, the last one he shot was the means of his own death. After shooting the deer, and seeing it lie motionless upon the ground, he went for- w^ard for the purpose of securing his prize, w^hen it arose and ran him through the breast with its antlers. He was afterward dis- covered by others of his tribe, who gave him burial on the spot where he fell, }»la(,'ing within his grave his gun, tomahawk, knife, and other implements. The mound erected over his grave was still visible a lew years ago, but about the year 1832 some vandal opened the grave and stole therefrom the buried arms. In this same year (1830j Rosw^ell Tyrrell, David Fees, John Gib- son, and others, settled in the western part of the county, in what is now known as Lamoine, Tennessee, and Bethel townships. They were followed shortly afterward by the Marks, Edmondsons, Dunsworths, Archers, and others, all the various settlements re- ceiving reinforcements. It was now thoughtthere was a sufficient number of inhal)itants to justify an organization of the county; ac- cordingly, on the fourteenth day ot June, 1830, a petition was pre- sented to the Hon. Kichard M. Young, fJudge of the Fifth Judicial District, then holding court at Rush ville, Schuyler county, signed by a majority of the legal voters ot the county, setting forth that McDonough county had the number -"^f inhabitants required by an act of the Legislature for the organization of counties, and upon the said day his honor issued the following order: State of Illinois. ) j^ , McDonough County, ) To tilt' People of the State of IllinoixJo all who xhull see these j^rexentfi, greetinc/ : Whereas, By the said ninth and eleventh sections of the act entitled '■ An act forming new counties out of the counties of Pike and Fulton, and the attached parts thereof," ap- proved January IS, 1825, it is made the duty of the Presiding Judge of the Fifth Judi" cial Circuit of the State of Illinois, whenever it shall be made to appear to his satisfaction that either of the counties of Hancock, Warren, Mercer, Henry, Putnam or Knox con- tains three hundred and fifty inhabitants, to proceed to organize the same, and to grant an order for the election of county officers preparatory thereto : and Wheueas, By virtue of an act entitled " An act supplementary to an act entitled ' An act forming new counties out of the counties of Pike and Fulton, and the attached parts thereof,' " approved Jaimary 25, 1826, a new county was created, to be called the county HISTORY OF M'dONOUGH COUNTY. 21 of McDonough, with the express provision therein contained that the inhabitants of the said county of McDonough should enjoy and possess all the rights and privileges granted to the inhabitants of the several counties created by the first recited act, and to which the said last mentioned act is a supialement : and Whereas, It has l)een made to appear to my satisfaction that the said county of Mc- Donough contains three hundred and fifty inhabitants and upwards, and inasmuch as the greater part of qualified voters of said county have requested, by petition, that the same should be organized with as little delay as possible, I do therefore, in pursuance of the power invested in me by virtue of the provisions contained in the above recited acts, order and direct that an election in and for the said county of McDonough, at the house of Elias McFadden, in said county, on Saturday, the third day of July next, for the election of three County Commissioners, one Sheriff, and one Coroner, to serve, when elected and qualified, in and for the said county of McDonough, respectively, until they shall be superseded by the persons who may be elected at the general election, to be held on the first Monday in August next ensuing the date hereof ; and for the purpose of having this order carried into execution, I do hereby appoint Ephraim Perkins, William McDonald and John Rogers, Esquires, of said county, judges of said elention, whose duty it shall be to set up written or printed advertisements or notices of said election in at least six of the most public places in said county, inclusive of the place at which the said election is hereby directed to be held, having due regard to the situation and population of the dif- f ent settlements, at least ten days immediately preceding the said election, to the end that all persons concerned may have timely notice thereof, the election to be viva ■voce, be- tween the hours of 10 o'clock in the morning and 7 o'clock in the afternoon of said day, and conducted in all respects, as near as may be practicable, in conformity with the act entitled " An act regulating elections," approved January 10, 1829 ; and, lastly, the said judges are to certify the result of the said election to the office of the Secretary of State as soon thereafter as may be convenient, in order that the persons who may be elected and entitled to commissions may be commissioned and qualify with as little delay as possible, and after the said election of the said county officers shall have taken place in pursuance of this order, I do hereby declare the said county of McDonough to be organ- ized and entitled to the same rights and privileges as the other counties in this State. Given under my hand and seal, at Rushville, this fourteenth day of June, A. D. 1830, and of the independence of the United States the fiftj'-fourth. RICHARD M. YOUNG, Circuit Judge of the Fifth Jiulicinl Gircuit of the State of Illinois. Pursuant to this order, the election was held, and James Vance, James Clarke, and John Hardesty were elected County Commis- sioners, and William Southward, Sheriff", and Peter Hale, Coroner. On the same day the election was held the County Commissioners met and began the official business of the county. Their first order affirmed that the order ot Judge Young had been fully carried out, and that the County C'ommissioners were duly elected. Their second order appointed Michael Stinson, Clerk pro fcni., and their third order located the seat of justice at the house of John Ba- ker, on thesoutliwest quarter of section 31, in township (J north, and 2 west, which is now known as Macomb township, and that '•'• the same be known as the town of Washington for the present." The Commissioners then appointed Ephraim Perkins, William McDon- 22 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. aid, and George Dowell, judges of election, to be held at Wash- ington on the tirst Monday in August. Their fifth order adjourned the court until the fifth of July, at the residence of James Clarke. On the fifth of July the Commissioners met pursuant to adjourn- ment at the residence of James Clarke, and proceeded to divide the county into three Magistrate's Districts, and provide for the election of Justices of the Peace and Constables in each. The districts Avere made eight miles wide, running east and west the entire length of the county, and were called First, Second and Third Magistrate's Districts, the first being on the south, the sec- ond the middle, and the third the northern portion of the county. An election was called for the First District at the house of James Vance on the first Saturday in August following (1830) for two Justices of the Peace and two Constables. George Dowell, "Wil- liam S.Moore, and William Garrett were appointed judges of elec- tion. In the Second District, at the same time, an election was held at the house of John Baker for four Justices of the Peace and four Constables. Elias McFadden, Peter Hale, and David Troxwell were appointed judges of election. In the Third District, at the same time, at the residence of John Vance, two Justices of the Peace and two Constables were elected. William Deakins, John Wyatt, and Isaac Bartlett were appointed judges of election. At this general election James Vance, John Hardesty, and James Clarke were re-elected County Commissioners; William Southward, Sherifi; Peter Hale, Coroner, and Jesse Bartlett, Sur- veyor. The house of John Baker, at which the election was held, was simply a hut built of poles, scarcely large enough to deserve the name of logs. This house was used as a tavern, the Clerk's ofiice, and Court House, until the erection of the old log Court House, in 1831. At the special election, held August 7, in the several Magistrate's Districts, James Vance, Sr., and John IMllew were elected Justices of the Peace, and James Lee and James B. Tomberlin, Constables in and for the First District. In the Second District were elected James Clarke, William McDonald, Robert Cook and Samuel Bogart, Justices of the Peace, and John Wilson, Oliver C. Rice, Thomas J. Pennington, and John Harris, Constables. In the Third Dis- trict Ephraim Perkins and Caswell Russell were elected Justices of the Peace, and Francis Reading and Jacob Coffman, Constables. The third meeting of the first regular term of the County Com- miseioners' Court was held on the tirst Monday in September, HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY, 23 1830, when the Commissioners proceeded to the selection of a grand and petit jury for the October ternj of the Circuit Court, being the first term. For grand jurymen the following names were selected : William Osborne, Joseph Osborne, William Garrett, Roland Lee, George Grace, William Hendry, William Stephens, Elias McFad- den, John Barber, David Troxwell, Peter Hale, Nathan A, Mc- Faddeu, John Carmack, John Wyatt, Sr., John Woodsides, William Deakins, Wright Riggins, Elijah Bristow, Caswell Russell, Abra- ham Gassett, and John Vance. For petit jurymen were selected Charles Shannon, William Shannon, John Wilson, James Vance, Jr., John Bridges, Thomas Bridges, Thomas Phillips, Nimrod Smith, Eli Osborne, Nicholas Campbell, JohnMassingill, Ephraim Mitchell, Enoch Cyrus, Nathan Bartlett, Russell Duncan, Reuben Harris, Jr., Ephraim Perkins, George Shell, William Job, Nathan Hume, Noble Owsly, and Larkin Osborne. It required about two-thirds of all the legal voters in the county to constitute this grand and petit jury. At this meeting John Baker was appointed Clerk jpro tern., in place of M. L. Stinson, resigned ; James Vance, Sr., was appointed Commissioner of School Lands; Isaac Bartlett, County Surveyor, and John Huston, County Treasurer. The bond of the latter was fixed at $800, showing that it was not expected he would ever be entrusted with a large amount of money. On the seventeenth day of October, 1830, the first term of the Circuit Court was held. There were present, in attendance on the Court, Hon. Richard M. Young, Circuit Judge ; John Baker, Clerk, pro tern.; William Southward, Sheriff. In the absence of Thomas Ford, State's Attorney, James M. Strode was appointed pro tern. This term lasted but one day, and was held at the house of John Baker, in the town of Washington, the temporary county seat of McDonough county. But little business was transacted, the grand and petit juries both being dismissed without performing any duties. The order of Judge Young calling an election for the or- ganization of the county was ordered spread upon the records of the court, as well as an order in relation to the time of holding court. The bonds of Isaac Bartlett, Coroner, and William South- ward, Sheriff", were approved. Previous to the organization of the county the taxes were as- sessed and collected by Schuyler county, and among the first acts of our County Commissioners was a request that the authorities of 24 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. that county furnish them a list of taxes assessed for the coming year, which request was at once complied with. In December, 1830, James Clarke, Esq., went to Springfield, and, in behalf of the county, entered the quarter section ot land upon which the old town of Macomb was subsequently laid out. For this service he was allowed the munificent sum of $3, which was certainly well earned, for, while returning, he was overtaken by the big snow storm so well remembered b}^ all the old settlers, and it was with great difficulty that he arrived safely at home. The snow began to fall when he was between Springfield and Beardstown, and in a few hours time all traces of the road were obliterated, and the only way by which he could with certainty know he was pursuing the right course was by observing the trees and large weeds that he had noticed in previously passing over the road. The -recollection of this " big snow " is vividly impressed upon the mind of more than one old settler, and the remembrance of the horrors of that long winter will never be oblit- erated while their lives shall last. The snow began to fiill the night of the twenty-ninth of December, and continued falling for three days and nights, until it reached an average depth of about four feet, drifting in places as high as eighteen or twenty feet. Great suffering was experienced in consequence. The settlers relied for their daily food upon the Indian corn which they were enabled to raise, together with the wild game, which was abundant at that time. Plenty of the former was raised to supply the wants of all until the next season's crop ; but when the snow fell, but little had been gathered. Game could not be had. The great depth of the snow was a barrier to all travel, and it may well be imagined the sufierings of the people were great indeed. In a letter, published in the March (1876) number of Clarke's Monthly, Hon. James Clarke thus graphically described the situation : " The snow fell an average depth of about four feet, and re- mained on the ground for about three months. All kinds of wild game literally starved to death. Before the snow fell the deer were as fat as could be, and before it passed away they were so poor they were not fit to eat. Wild turkeys would fall from the limbs of trees. The morning after the snow fell my wife was about three hours shoveling it from our cabin. We then lived about one hundred yards from the house lately occupied by Isaac Haines, a little southwest of Maciornb. I did not have my corn gathered, and had a good sized family to feed, and had five HISTORY OF m'uONOUGH COUiNTY. 25 horses and some cattle. As soon as possible I sent John Wilson, the3'onng man afterward murdered by McFadden, with the horses to Morgan county to have them kept through the winter. Each day we would have to go out to the field, and where we could see a stalk of corn standing above the snow reach down until we came to the ear, pull it ofi:", gathering enough for the day. There were no mills in the country, and each family would, with a mortar and pestle, pound their corn so as to make bread. A few were fortu- nate enough to have large graters with which they would grate up the corn. The first thing done each morning woald be to build the fire and put on a big pot of water in which the corn would be thrown and boiled awhile, then taken out and grated and made into good, wholesome bread. This, with what game we could get, was what we had to live on during the long winter. "Several families came to the county that fall, and, of course, had no corn. All things were then held more in common. Those that had none were welcome to help themselves trom their more fortunate neighbors, all that was required of them being that they should gather it themselves. Resin Kaylor, better known as " Boss " Naylor, was one of that class, and it was a little amusing to see him go out to ihe fields, walking- for a time on top of the snow, on which a crust was formed, but now and then going through, getting his corn, and come in blowing like a porpoise and sweating dreadfully. But we all managed to live, and had good cause to be thankful it was no worse. The young men and women of this day have little knowledge of what a pioneer life consisted. Away out upon an almost boundless prairie, far from home and kindred, with an opportunity of hearing from them only every few months, it was dreary indeed, but how difterent it is now ! However far the distance, they can be communicated with in a few moments time." During the previous summer Mr. John Rogers erected himself a log house on the prairie, in Industry township, but the winter coming on, he concluded it would be better for him to move to the timber, which he accordingly did, taking his cabin with him ; but the snow beginning to fall before he had finished rebuilding, he enclosed the cabin in a tent, and managed to live in it during the long winter that followed, his onl}- food being hominy, with- out salt. This so disgusted him that the next spring he left the county, never to return. 26 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. We have little doubt that many a weary one during that long winter sighed for the comforts of the " old home ;" but, nothwith- standing its dreariness and the suffering of the people, none be- came disheartened save the one above mentioned, "We find them in the spring of 1831 as determined as ever to carve out for them- selves a home in this truly beautiful country. During this first year of the organization of the county but one couple was brave enough to try " the sweets of wedded bliss," for but one marriage license was granted — John Wyatt and Betsy Massingill. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 27 CHAPTER II. 1831. The snow lay upon the ground until about the lirst of April ; meantime the few inhabitants of the county lived as best they could, trusting the good time would yet come. In the spring of this year James M. Campbell, Esq., came to the county, and was cordially received. He had, in December pre- vious, received the appointment of Clerk of the Circuit Court from the Hon. Richard M. Young, Circuit Judge, and came to enter upon the duties of his office. Like most of the settlers living in the county at that time, Mr. Campbell was from the State of Ken- tucky. This tact was not discovered at first, and Mr. Campbell was regarded as a Yankee, and, consequently, looked uj)on with suspicion. John Baker resigned the office of (Herk of the County Commissioners' Court ; a new man was to be appointed, and who it should be was a question. Mr. Campbell was suggested. One of the Commissioners replied most emphaticall}' that no Yankee should ever be Clerk of that Court. Mr. Campbell was asked if he was really and truly a Yankee. " Well, gentlemen," replied Mr. C, " if to be born in the city of Frankfort, State of Kentucky, living there until six years of age, coming to the State of Illinois and remaining for six years, then returning to Kentucky and living there for twelve years, and again returning to Illinois, constitutes a Yankee, then I am one." It is unnecessary to add that the ex- planation was satisfactory, and the appointment made. Being of an energetic turn of mind, and something of an enthusiast, he at once took a leading part in the affairs of t^e county, and has ever since been in active life, having many times been honored by the citizens of the county with the highest offices within their gift. 28 HISTORY OF M'dONOUGH OOt'NTY. Strict economy governed the Commissioners in all the affairs pertainino; to the weltare of the county. Every bill presented was carefully scrutinized, and value received was invariably required before payment. We may here remark that such has always been the action of every Board of County Commissioners, or Super- visors, since the organization of the county, which will ac- count for the good credit always enjoyed. Very few bills of doubtful propriety have ever been smuggled through. At the March term of the County Commissioners' Court James Clarke was allowed the sum of three dollars tor going to Spring- field and entering the land upon which the original town of Ma- comb was located. As remarked in a preceding chapter, the money was well earned, for while returning home he was over- taken by the big snow storm, and was several days in making the trip. We have heard him remark that often times while on the journey he thought he would be compelled to give up and lie down and die. The snow in many places had drifted so much that his horse could not get through, and he would be compelled to effect a passage by raking it away with his hands. In payment for the use of his house for court purposes John Baker was granted the fee simple right to two lots in the town of Macomb, which was then to be laid out. John J. Keaton was em- ployed to make the survey, for which he was allowed the sum of thirty-five dollars. David Clarke and fFohn Baker were employed to Carry the chain, for which they each received fifty cents a day. William McDonald received sixt3'-two and ahalf cents per day for driving the stakes, the work being more arduous than that of carrying the chain. It appears from bills allowed by the County Commissioners' Court the wages paid laboi'crs at this time were from fifty cents to one dollar per day. Many laughable anecdotes are related of this survey. Mr. Keaton was not a i-egular surveyor, and is said to have known less about surveying than those who carried the chain. He had great difficulty in making the corners — in fact never did make them, and they have never been straightened to this day. Another man being Avanted to assist in the work, several were approached for this purpose, but all had an excuse to make, one man replying that he would not give the pleasure of his day's drunk for the two best lots in the town. It should be remembered there were few teeto- talers in the county at that time. The first plat of the town not HISTORY OF m'dONOIUTH COUNTY. '29 proving satisfactory, the citizens petitioned the County Commis- sioners to chang'e it, wliich was done, although one of the members of the board, Hon. James Vance, entered upon the records of the court his protest against the action. At a meeting of the Board of County Commissioners, held April 12, 1881, the question of building a Court House was discussed, and the following order made : Ordered, That the building of a house, to be used as a Court House, be let to the lowest bidder, of the following description, to-wit : To be built of logs, hewed on both sides, to face from nine to twelve inches ; to be built eighteen feet by twenty, "with a white oak plank floor above and below, laid loose ; nine feet between the joist and sleepers, the sleep- ers laid two feet apart, laid on the sills ; joists not more than two feet apart, of good white oak, hewed, or sawed four inches thick by nine inches wide ; to be chinked and daubed on the outside ; one door six and one-half feet high and three feet wide, well faced and cased : a good batten door, hung cui good iron hinges ; one window, to have twelve panes of glass, and one window of six panes of glass ; to be placed in said building by the in- struction of James M. Campbell ; each window to have a good strong batten shutter, hung with butt hinges, covered with boards four feet long, of good width, and what is called double covered, with good gutters and eaves. The said l)uilding when completed and finished to be done in workmanlike manner. The said building to be on a lot in the town of Macomb, (on a lot) to be in due time, that is within two weeks, made known to the undertaker. The undertaker will be required to give bonds, with sufficient security, for the faithful performance of his undertaking in the penal sum of double the amount of his bid, made payable to the County Commissioners, or their successors in office, for the use of the county, that the said house shall be finished on or before the first day of Sep- tember inst. It is further ordered, That the weight poles are to be of sufficient weight to be of ser- vice ; that the undertaker furnish everything necessary for the above building, except the glass for the windows. On the same da}' the above propositions were made the contract was let to William Southward for the sum of sixty-nine dollars and lifty cents. As will be observed, there is a considerable dif- ference between the first and last buildings erected for court pur- poses. At this same meeting John Baker applied for a license to keep a tavern, which request was ordered on his paying into the Coun- ty Treasury the sum of six dollars and fifty cents, together with the Clerk's tees for issuing the license. The board then adopted the following scale of prices to govern inn-keepers in the county : For each meal of victuals $0 2.'> For each night's lodgings 12^^ For each horse feed per night 25 For each horse feed 12^^ For each half pint of whisky 12i^ For each half pint French l)randy 25 For each half pint Holland gin or wine 25 For each half pint peach brandy - 18% 30 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. It will doubtless seem strange to our young readers to know that this John Baker, to whom a license was granted to keep a tavern, which was but another name for a grocery and whisky shop, was a Baptist preacher, but such was the fact. He figured for several years in the county as a minister of the gospel and a retailer of the ardent. He, a few days after obtaining his license, took as a partner Samuel Bogart, a Methodistpreacher, and, under the name of Bogart, Baker & Co., the firm engaged in the sale of dry goods, groceries, whisky, tobacco, etc. That no preacher is no\y allowed to drink, much less sell ardent spirits, is certainly proof sufhcient to show that the temperance cause is advancing. By an examination of the records of the Board of County Com- missioners, we find that four licenses were granted during this year (1831) to keep tavern in Macomb, from which it may be sup- posed that liquor was in demand. We can scarcely imagine who their customers were, and can only solve the problem by suppos- ing that they carried on business after the manner of the old man and his wife, who, owning a barrel of cider between them, and only a sixpence to spend, tapped the barrel at both ends, and sold to each other. On the twenty-sixth day of April the first public sale of lots was made in the town of Macomb, William Edmondston acting as auctioneer, he having previously been appointed by the board as commissioner for the sale of all lots. But few were sold, and the amount realized was quite small. On the sixth day of June John Baker resigned the position of Clerk of the County Commissioners' Court, and James M. Camp- bell was appointed in his stead " during good behavior." We conclude his behavior must have been good, for he held the posi- tion for many years. He was required to give bond in the sum of |1, 000 to "faithfully, fairly and impartially do and perform the duties of Clerk of the County Commissioners' Court to the best of his understanding and abilities." License was required at this time for the sale of all kinds of mer- chandise, and we find applications made by James M. Campbell, Henton & Robinson, and Bogart, Baker & Co. to keep a "dry goods and retail store," which were granted on the payment of the sum of five dollars per year, together with the Clerk's fees. These firms all transacted business in Macomb. HISTORY OK m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 31 At this meeting of the board the various magistrate districts were made election precincts for the Congressional election, to be held the tirst Monday in August. For this election the clerks were each allowed one dollar and twelve and a half cents, and the judges one dollar per day. We suppose the clerk's duties were more laborious, hence the difference in price. By an act of Congress the sixteenth section of land in every township was set apart, and the proceeds otits sale used, for com- mon school purposes. Commissioners were appointed in each county to superintend its sale and take charge of the proceeds. In September of this year James Vance received the appointment as Commissioner of School Lands, and was instructed by the board to loan all money received therefor for not less than twelve per cent, per annum. Trustees for each township were also appointed for the school lands. The assessment of taxes then and now will bear no comparison, as we learn from the records that Resin Naylor was only allowed fifteen dollars for assessing the taxes of the whole county. The Court House was finished according to contract, and Cir- cuit Court convened therein for its second term on the twenty -first day of October. There were present the Hon. Kichard M.Young, Circuit Judge; Hon. Thomas Ford, State's Attorney; William Southward, Sheriff, and James M. Campbell, Clerk. At this ses- sion considerable business was transacted, the most important be- ing the trial of David Morgan for murder. This was a case from Schuyler county. After a patient hearing, the jury rendered its verdict, finding him guilty, as charged in the indictment. For some cause the verdict was set aside, the indictment quashed, and the prisoner discharged. An indictment was found by the grand jury against Thomas Morgan, a brother of David, for murder, after which he was ar- rested, and obtained a continuance of his case until the next term of court. There being no jail in the county, he was remanded by the Judge to the Schuyler county jail. At the next session of the court he obtained a farther continuance, and ere another term he broke jail, and was never afterward heard from. Quite a number settled in the county this year, among whom was J, W. Brattle, for many years surveyor for the county, and a man well and universally esteemed. Mr. Brattle has probably done more surveying in McDonough county than all others com- bined since the organization of the county. 32 HISTORY OF m'dO.NOITGH COUNTY. John Huston resigned the office of County Treasurer on the seventeenth day of March, 1831. Resin ISTaylor was appointed to succeed him, and was placed under bonds to the amount of |800. Quite a diiierence between liis bond and that of the present Treas- urer of the county, who is lield in the sum of $530,000. Mr. ISTay- lor continued to liold the office a number of years, receiving his appointment each year from the Board of County Commissioners. Twelve couples were united in the holy bonds of matrimony this year. At the time Mr. Campbell came to the county there was no postoffice within its limits, citizens obtaining their mail from Rush- ville, the nearest office. He at once made arrangements with the Postmaster at that place to send him the mail belonging to citi- zens of this county, he becoming personally responsible for the payment of the postage, which at that time was scarcely ever pre- paid, the price being twenty-live cents per letter. It is said of Mr. Campbell that on receiving the letters he placed them in his hat in order that he might accommodate the people as he met them on the streets or elsewhere. A. petition was sent to the Postmaster General for the establishment of an office at Macomb, and for the appointment of Mr. Campbell as Postmaster, which was granted, and his commission was received December 1, 1831. He held the office for some tii'teen years, save for a period ot three months, in 1841, when George W. Damron was appointed in his stead. Ill :: '/• '''l;/;'Ww'/->"\;''MV>:K''",');'^T!^ HISTORY OF M DONOU(iH COUNTY. CHAPTER III. 1832-34. During the years 1882 and 1833 but few matters of importance transpired in the county. The seasons came and went — a few families moved into the county, a few others moved out of it, be- coming dissatisfied with the hard life of the pioneer. And it was indeed hard. Very few of the immigrants were possessed of any considerable property; there was no market for what was raised ; money was held at a high rate of interest, and the securities ojffered were poor. Those who remained in the county were of two classes, those who were too poor to get awa}', and those who be- lieved there was " millions in it." Up to this time no place had been provided for the confinement of prisoners, there being but little necessity for any. The want now began to be felt ; accordingly^, at the March (1833) term of the Board of County Commissioners, the subject was fully can- vassed, and it was agreed that a jail should be built. The order was made in the following terms : Ordered, That the building of a jail for said county be let to the lowest bidder on the second Monday of April next, and that the Clerk advertise the same, to-wit : Twenty feet square, with three rooms at least nine feet between the floor and ceiling : the walls Jjuilt of hewed logs, twelve inches square, laid close, dovetailed together and pinned, each log at the comer, so as not to admit of anything passing through the inside of said rooms; to be lined with plank two inches thick, of white oak, spiked on across the logs, laid close ; with the floor of said sized timber of two thicknesses, crossing at right angles, with a ceil- ing ; and as a floor, of the same said plank, and spiked over, as on the walls, of the following description : The walls planked are to be spiked in diamond foi'm. four inches square on all the walls, ceilings and floors, with a clapboard roof nailed on, the boards to be three feet long, and of good width ; all of which to be done in workmanlike manner, &c.; with three doors covered with sheet iron, with a place left so as to open on hinges : a small grate in the center of the two inner doors, and to be so fixed as to be as strong when done as though they were solid ; with three grates, two large enough to admit a pane of glass ten by twelve, with a sash swinging on hinges on the inside of each room, and one window large enough to contain six panes of glass : in each window to l)e placed two 11—3 34 HISTORY OF M'dONOUGH COUNTY. grates of iron bars only four inches square from center to center of the bars ; and two outside doors to the criminal rooms, hanging on the outside, opening into the debtor's room, and that the bar to be of iron three inches breadth bar, and crossing through the center with bars one inch square ; the house to be placed on- a stone foundation, built at least six inches above the highest point of the ground, and to set into and under the sur- face at least two feet, two feet thick, and the space lilled with stone to the lower part of the floor ; and the whole to be completed in a workmanlike manner, &c. The contract was let to James Edmoiidsou, who, in due time, completed the work to the satisfaction of the Commissioners. The building yet stands, and has been used for over twenty years by the city of Macomb as a city prison, going by the name of the " old calaboose." This building has always been considered a pretty strong one, but We are informed "by one who knows " that, when first built, a man by the name of John Seward was incarcerated in it for as- sault on one Devonshire. Not liking his quarters, he kicked a log out, and was soon a free man. lie was evidently good on the kick. The following rather strange order was spread upon the records at this term of the court : Ordi'reil, That the Treasurer assess a tax at the rate of one-half per cent, on town lots, provided that Congress has repealed the law exempting public lands sold from taxes for five years, and that he govern himself according to law; und on xluves, ref/istered O)' in- denturcd negro or mulatto servuntu; on pleasure carriages, on distilleries, on all horses, mares, mules, asses and neat cattle above the age of three years, and also on all horses, mules, asses and neat cattle under three years of age ; on watches and clocks, and their appendages, on wagons and carts, on hogs and sheep. But one slave was known to have been held in the country, and it seemed to bo the determination that none should, be allowed unless duly taxed. The Court House erected in 1831 becoming too small, it was de- tormined to erect one of brick, " two stories high, and not more than forty-six feet square." An advertisement w^as inserted in the Jacksonville Patriot in March or April, 1833, for plans and specifications for such a building, and in answer phms were fur- nished at the May term of the Board, and one adopted, as follows : Ordered, That the following be the plans of a Court House in and for the county of McDonough, viz : The foundation walls of stone, forty-six feet four inches square, and two feet thick and three feet high ; one foot above the surface of the earth ; which founda- tion shall be made of stone, range work above the ground, and to show a smooth face Oj. front, nicely hewed, and laid in lime and sand mortar ; also two division stone walls (of the same as above) twelve by twenty feet in the west end, that being the northwest and Bouthwest corners of said building, which walls are to be eighteen inches thick, three feet high, one foot above the surface of the earth ; there will be a wall extending from the cor- ners of each of the jury or small rooms to the east end of the building, at parallel lines HISTORY OF m'donough county. 35 Tfith the outside foundation wall, same depth in the ground, and only to come to the sur- face of the earth, eighteen inches thick, laid iil lime and sand mortar ; walls made of first rate brick and other suitable materials, forty feet square, lower story eighteen inches thick and fourteen feet high, upj^er story to be thirteen inch walls and twelve feet high ; the small rooms, inside walls, to be thirteen inch walls ; on the outside an oval and round cornice of brick ; one circular toj) door frame four feet by eight and a half feet in the clear, with pannel work, and glass on each side and above, placed in the north, south and west centers of the walls of the house ; a window placed six feet above the Judge's seat, and thirty-six window frames, sixteen of which in the lower story and twenty in the upper, each to contain twelve panes of glass twelve by eighteen inches, at *qual distances, to be proportionate, and to have above each a double arch (thirteen inches) finished off smooth. The frame of the cupola to be run up through the center of the house-top ; in the comers of the house, on the lower floor, will be a fire place of conven- ient size, and above, in the jury rooms, in the northwest and southwest corners, a small fire place, and in the northeast corner, above the gallery, will be left a space and flue for a stove pipe : chimneys to be run out five feet above each corner of said building ; the short joist will be three by ten inches ; the long joist four by ten inches ; making a round foundation for a circular cupola ten feet in diameter, three feet aljove the roof, and closed in so as to make a roof to keep out the rain ; a square roof, with an eave all around, sheet- ing jointed, and laid close, and with good and suflicient and suitable jointed shingles eighteen inches long, and to show six inches ; all of which work shall be done in work- like manner ; and the timber of said building shall be of the most suitable kind ; the sills of the windows and doors are to be of black walnut, three inches thick, and of sufli- cient width : the walls to be jointed and penciled ; which shall be advertised by the Clerk in the Jacksonville paper (Patriot) three insertions ; to be let to the lowest bidder on the first Mondaj' of June next ; which building is to be completed according to the contract on or before the first day of November, 1834. An advance of one-fourth of the bid will be made to the undertaker so soon as com- menced, in order to carry on the building, one-fourth to be paid when the contract is half done, one-fom'th when the contract is completed and received, and one-fourth at the ex- piration of nine months from the time the contract and work is received h\ the County Commissioners' Court. Bond, with api)roved security or securities, will be required to be given in a penalty of double the amount of the undertaker's bid, which penalty will be required as a forfeiture in case the contract is not comphed with in every resjiect. James Clarke, Moses Ilenton and Benjamin T. JS'aylor were ap- pointed by the court as a committee to superintend the erection of the building. George Miller and ^lohn T. Bishop were awarded the contract for the stone and brick work for the sum of two thou- sand four hundred and ninety-eight dollars. Thej" immediately entered upon the work, and in due time completed their under- taking to the satisfaction of the court. In the month of September, 1835, a further contract was made by the county with Morris Roberts and David F. Martin to com- plete the inclosure of the building for the sum of one thousand three hundred and thirty-four dollars. This part of the work was finished and accepted in the spring of 1836. A further contract was made with Benjamin T. Naylor and Robert A. Brazleton for 36 HISTORY OF M'DONOUi'donou(;h county. they were brought before the court; a change of venue was asked and granted, and two of the party, Elias and David, were taken the following spring (1835) to Hushville, Schuyler county, for triah Wylie McFadden was discharged by the Judge, there being no evidence against him. George Wison, Alfred Evans, Xelson Montgomery, Joseph Up- degrafi", J. "W. Brattle, Moses Ilenton, "William J. Frazier, "William Bowen, Daniel Bowen, Perry Keys, and James Anderson were each placed under l)onds of |300 to appear as witnesses in the case. In May, 1835, the case was called in the Circuit Court at Rush- ville, and Elias and David McFadden, father and son, were placed upon trial for their lives. Judge Yonng presided, and Cyrus "Walker appeared for the people as Prosecuting Attorn e}', while Judge Minshall assumed the hopeless task of defending the mur- derers. The trial lasted for several days, Mr. Walker, well known as the best criminal lawyer in the West, exerted all his powers to weave around the murderers a chain of nnimpeachable testimony. Judge Minshall defended in a most admirable manner, doing all for his clients that it was possible for man to do, but without avail. In his speech, he charged the Judge, the attorney for the people, and the jury also, of not prosecuting, but persecuting his clients. As was expected, the jury brought in a verdict of murder in the first degree, and upon Judge Young devolved the duty of pro- nouncing the sentence of death. This was done, and in due time, upon a scaffold, erected in a hollow near the city of llushville, Elias and David McFadden paid the penaltj^ for the crime com- mitted. Thomas Hayden, as Sheriff of the county, erected the scaffold, and his son, acting as Deputy Sheriff, pulled the drop that launched the souls of the guilty men into eternity. His bill of $1 50 for hanging the guilty wretches is now on file in the County Clerk's office at Macomb. Such, in brief, is the record of the second murder that ever oc- curred in McDonough county. For the facts in the case we are indebted to James Clarke, David Clarke, John O. C. Wilson, J. M. Campbell, and others. We believe the story is as exact as it is possible to get it at this late day, and only in minor details can exceptions be taken. HISTORY OK m'dONOUCII COUNTY. 49 CHAPTER VI. PERSONAL INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES. The first settlers of this county were principally from Kentucky and Tennessee, and brought with them the peculiarities, as well as the prejudices of the people of those States. All were kind- hearted and given to hospitality ; no poor wayfarer was turned hungry from their doors ; even the despised book agent, or light- ning-rod peddler would have met with a cordial welcome, though luckily they were never bored with these specimens ot the genus homo. But there was one peculiar trait about these early settlers of the county — they had a strong prejudice against the Yankees, and hated them with a "righteous hatred". All persons born in the Eastern and IS^ew England States were Yankees in their estima- tion. Capt, Charles R. Hume, of Blandinsville, a York state man by birth, relates the following personal experience in illustration of this early prejudice: " I came to this State and county in 1837; purchased east half of section 19, 5 north, 4 west, and then went, to pass time, to visit my parents, then living in LaGrange county, Indiana. " In the meantime I learned that on my land, so purchased, there were two families living, then called 'squatters.' As soon as I ascertained this fact I returned and called on these persons and informed them that I, a stranger, had bought the land on which they were settled, but with no knowledge that there was any set- tler on said land. I at once informed them that. I had bought said half section for $1000, cash, and it they would refund to me the money I had paid, all would be right ; that I did not buy with the knowledge that the land was occupied. Occupants at once informed me that they had no thousand dollars to pay for the land, nor did they ever expect to have so much money. I then II— 4 50 . HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. informed them that if they wished to give me possession of the land, that they might pick two men, and I, a stranger, wouhl pick one, the three to lix the amount I should pay for the improve- ments that had been made. To this they at once agreed. The men went out and fixed the amount I was to pay. I paid in cash on the day agreed, and so we separated. The}' went ; I re- mained. "A few days after said leaving, being an old 'bach,' and while preparing my morning meal, a man on a mule rode up and shouted : " 'Who keeps house?' "Being entirely unacquainted with this manner of salutation, I went to the door and inquired of the stranger what he wanted, lie says, " 'Come down here and I will tell you what 1 want.' "I walked down to see my newly-made friend. He inquired, " 'Is your name Hume ?' "'Yes, sir; I never had occasion to deny my name.' " 'Do you know that you are in a dangerous place?' " 'Will you be so good as to tell me as to my danger? Are there any wild beasts or venomous serpents that I should dread? I can hardly suppose my neighbors are worse than wild beasts or ven- omous serpents.' "I then said to my visitor, " 'Come clown oflt'your mule and we will talk this over." "He replied, '"I shall not get down. I have told you all I was sent to tell.' "I then informed him that no friend of mine could come and go without partaking of my good cheer. " 'Dismount,' I said. '"I will not,' he replied. "I then drew several shooters, and told my friend to come and see my arrangements, for if he did not so come I would shoot him dead if my lire-arms proved true. He went in with me, and in- stead of cooking for one I cooked for two, and we ate as brothers. "From that day to this I have suffered no reproach by being called a Yankee, and my best friends are those from the south." But there were some of the "favored ones" who did not have it in their hearts to condemn this unfortunate class, and were ever HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 51 ready to extend a lu'lpini>; hand to them as well ae others, feeling it both a privilege and a duty to do a kind act for all such. It is related of Rev. William Mclvamy, familiarly known as "Uncle Billy McKamy," that at an early day a "Yankee" settled in his neighborhood, and, upon one occasion, being in need of some kind of an agricultural implement, borrowed it of 1 im. On re- turning it, he thanked Uncle Billy for the favor, and enquired of him how much he should pay for its use. "Pay !" says Uncle Billy,. "look here, my friend, you don't know me, do you? uSTow, sir, I want you to understand that whenever I have an^'thing that vou wish, all you have to do is to come after it ; and, when through with it, if it suits your convenience to return it do so; if not, I will come after it when I need it. I want you to under- stand farther, sir, that whenever you have anything I want, 1 shall come and get it, and if it suits my convenience to return it, I shall do so; if not, you can come and get it." The point was very plain to Mr. Yankee. As illustration of a neighborly turn the old settlers were always ready to show, Ave will state that some years ago in the eastern part of the county, an unoccupied quarter of laud Avas entered at the same time, by Messrs Judd & Gowdy, a prominent firm of lawyers in Lewistown, 111., and a Mr. Grimm, of this county. The former gentlemen desired it for speculative purposes, while the latter gentleman desired it for a place of residence. The party first occupying the land, would, of course be entitled to it. Both parties hurried their preparations, but Judd & Gowdy were a little too fast for Mr. Grimm. The neighbors, (those living anywhere within ten miles) all sympathized with Mr. Grimm, and desired that he should occupy the land rather than any one -Tudd & Gowdy would send there. After Judd & Gowdy had erected their building and placed a man in possession, those sympathizing with Grimm met to consider the matter. Various suggestions were made as to how they should get rid of this obnoxious neighbor; finally, one suggested that if fifty or one hundred yoke of oxen should gather around that house some night, and that house should follow them off in the direction of the creek no one would be to blame ; there was no law against cattle running at large. Xothing more was said, Grimm was advised to build a house as close to the line as possible and await developments. This was done. A short time after, Judd & Gowdy's man went to Lewistown. That night a large number of 52 HISTORY OF m'dONOUOH COUNTY. oxen strayed in the direction of the house, and the next morning it was no where to be seen ! Grimm's house was found over tlie Vine on the quarter in question ! On the return of the man employed by Judd & Gowdy, he discovered the situation in a moment, and returned post-haste ta Lewistown, and the would-be-owners came over, and with the aid of a search warrant found the house down on the creek! The aid of the grand jury was invoked at their next sitting, but no one conkl be found who knew l)ow it came tliere. Grimm got the land. We woukl not recommend tl^e practice of such neighborly turns being practiced at this time. Trouble might ensue — our officers being quite vigilant. About 1832 a young couple living in the neighborhood of In- dustry concluded to marry, which proceeding was opposed by the parents of both parties. But whoever knew such opposition to avail anything ? " Love laughs at locksmiths," and no impediment placed in the way of a loving couple is too great to be removed. This young couple had determined to marry, and marry they would ; so one morning, bright and early, they left their homes on foot for this purpose. Their destination was Nauvoo, then the county seat of Hancock. When a little way beyond Macomb^ they were overtaken by brothers of both parties, who urged them to return and be married at home, telling them their parents had consented thatthe ceremony might proceed. Having their "(lan- der up," in consequence of the opposition previousl}^ made, they refused to return. The brothers went back to report, and the fair couple proceeded on their way to Nauvoo. They arrived at the creek west of Macomb about dark, and could find no way to cross, the water being high, and no bridges built. They would not turn back to seek shelter for the night, but lying down beside of a large log, slept sweetly, dreaming, doubtless, of the joy in store forthem in the future. When the morning came they searched up and down the stream until they discovered a log thrown across, on which they passed over in safety. Arriving in Nauvoo, the young man called upon the County Clerk for the papers. Being a little nervous, as one is apt to be under such circumstances, he could not make his wishes known. The Clerk, witnessing his embar- rassment, kindly inquired as to his desires. Coloring up, he blurted out, '* Have you got any nails ?" " ISTails," said the Clerk, " why, no ; this is not a store, it is the office of the County Clerk." " We-1-1, then, wh-what do you ask for a pair of license?" The HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 53 €um was named, the amount paid, the papers made out, and the Clerk, being also a Justice of the Peace, kindly ottered to " tie the knot." The blushing bride was brought in, the ceremon}' per- lormed, and the twain went on their way rejoicing. It sometimes happens that when the arrangement are duly made, with the consent of both parties, and, seemingly, the truth of the old proverb that " true love never runs smooth " is proven false, that circumstances will arise by which all arrangements will be frustrated. One evening in September, 1844, a large party assem- bled for the purpose of witnessing the marriage ceremony of Mr. Zachariah A. Gatton and Miss Elizabeth Alison, at the residence of the latter, a few miles southwest of Macomb. Great prepara- tions had been made for the event, and invitations sent out to friends throughout the country. Just before the hour arrived for the performance of the ceremon}' it was made known to the bride- groom that the bride was an Abolitionist. Seeking her out, he inquired if this was so. She responded by saying it was, when he urged her to renounce her principles, stating he could never wed an Abolitionist. " Yevy well," said she, " I will not renounce my principles for the best man living." After farther parley, it was agreed, and the announcement made that no wedding would oc- cur. The guests were invited to partake of the supper, after which the would-be bridegroom returned to his home minus a " better half." Some rich scenes have occurred in our Justices' Courts, among w^hich we relate the following: A gentleman having failed in business was thought to have disposed of his property in such a way as to defraud his creditors, some of it being placed in the hands of a Mr. P., who was arrested on a charge of concealing the goods. In the trial before the justice the case was ably argued pro and con, when the justice delivered his opinion as follows : "It is the opinion of the court that Mr. P. is not guilt u ; but, look here, Mr. P., let me admonish you never to do the like again." The same justice, who, by the way, was an Irishman, of course, was trying another case, in which a man was charged with steal- ing a log-chain. The taking of the chain was clearly proven, and not denied by the defense, who set up the plea that there was no felonious intent, it being customary in this country when one desired to use some article owned by a neighbor, to take it with- out asking. When the justice arose to give his opinion, he said : 54 HISTORY OF M'DONOUtiil COUNTY. " It is the opinion of the court that Mr. A. is giiiltyy "What,"' said the counsel for the defense, jumping to his feet, " do you mean to say that my client is guilty of felonious intentions in taking the chain?" " O, no, no;" replied the justice, "it is the opinion of the court that Mr. A. is not guilty" And so it was recorded on the docket. Another justice, who, at that time, was in the habit of partak- ing a little too much of the "ardent," but who for nearly forty years has been a staunch teetotaler, was engaged in trying a case in a room used by himself as a saloon, when a half-drunken man who was sitting on an old-fashioned spinning wheel, fell over and broke it, wdiich called forth an oath. The justice exclaimed: " By , I line you live dollars for swearing in court." "Why, your honor swore, too," said the man. "Did 1? Well, I line myself live dollars, also." Some forty years ago there lived in this county a man who imagined himself bewitched by a woman living in this neighbor- hood. He was told that he could dispossess himself of the evil influence by making a drawing of the woman, placing it upon a tree and shooting it with a silver bullet. This he did. The woman died the same night, and the man was told he would be- haunted no more, as the woman was dead. " I kuow it," he replied, " I killed her." The same confession he made to many others, and at length it was proposed by some to arrest him for the crime. He acknowledged his guilt, and uo murderer should go unpunished. He was promptly arrested, tried, and convicted on his own testimony and acknowledged guilt. The justice ex- amining the case, immediately sentenced him to be hung, but in consideration of the fact that he was an unconverted man^ remanded him to the jail at Macomb for s[»i ritual consolation,, and to make due preparation lor eternity. It is neeflless to say the man was not hung. In the earl}^ settlement of this county, when newspapers, circus shows and minstrel troupes w^ere a thing unknown, the people had to devise other means of amusement wherewith to while away the weary hours. We And them occasionally indulging in a lit- tle "wee bit of row," "just for the fun of the thing," after which they would shake hands and take a drink 'round. But in prac- tical jokes they took especial delight. Hon. James Mr. Campbell was Irequently the subject of them. Being the peoples' servant^ HISTORY OF m'dONOI'GH COUNTY. 55 they considered they had a better right to make him the butt of their jokes than an ordinary man, but none were exempt. On a certain occasion, Mr. Campbell had advertised, in the manner common at that time, for some men to split rails for him. J. P. Updegrafl", well known to all our readers, and Joseph Hemp- stead, a brother-in-law of Mr. Campbell, concluded they would have a little fun at his expense. Hempstead was a slim-built man, but UpdegrafF held his own then as now. Hempstead dis- guised himself by obtaining the largest pair of pants, vest and coat he could find, and encased himself in them, filling up with pillows, making himself very heavy, fleshy-looking. Mr. Upde- graflt" put on the roughest suit he could find, topping oft' with a blouchy hat that came down over his ears. Each taking an old maul, wedge and axe upon his shoulders, and giving the cue to a lot of their friends, who preceded them, they went over to the old court house, where Mr. Campbell held forth as circuit clerk, county clerk, &c. Passing into the office, they enquired for Mr. Campbell. Mr. Campbell who was engaged in writing at the time, replied, "I am the man." "We understand you desire some rails split," says Mr. UpdegrafF, who acted as spokesman. " I do." "What will you give?" " Sixty-two and a half cents per hundred." "Is it good, sound timber?" " Yes." " How do you pay?" "Cash." "Every Saturday night?" " Yes." '' You won't ask us to take trade?" "No." " AVell, then," said Mr. U., who, during the interview, had been standing with maul and axe across his shoulder, throwing them down on the floor, " if you want your rails split, bring on your timber." "By Jiminie, yoa get out of here," said Mr. Campbell, as the crowd began to roar, and he perceived the joke played upon him. 56 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. A correspondent of Clarke's Monthly furnished the following "good one " on Mr. Campbell, for the March (1870) number of that paper : "When the Quincy House, Quincy, Illinois, was first built, it was considered a "big thing on ice," and the pride of the citizens of the " Gem city." Our honorable Senator, in company with Judge Henry L. Bryant, of Lewistown, visited the city about the time of the formal opening of the house, and, of course, registered there. They were assigned rooms in the third story of the building, and were there but a few hours when they were honored with calls from General John Tilson and other dignitaries of the city. At this time total abstinence did not prevail, and our friend, with his visitors, had wine, brandy, old bourbon, etc., brought up to the room, and a good time was enjoyed by all. After having imbibed a few times, General Tilson invited our Senator to go through the house with him. Showing him through from cellar to garret, the last place visited was the kitchen, in it was placed a new steam cooking apparatus. Eyeing the thing suspiciously for a moment or two, Mr. Senator remarked to General Tilson, "By , I should consider this a dangerous thing. Suppose the whole thing should bust up, what would become of us?" "0, there is no danger," replied the General, "they have an ex- perienced cook employed ; one who thoroughly understands the principles governing steam." Returning to their room, and having been absent about two hours, of course it was time to take another drink. As they were in the act of raising the glass to their lips, a man came through the hall beating a gong. Xever having heard the musical tones of this wonderful instrument, and still thinking of the danger arising from the steam cooking apparatus, our honorable friend dashed his glass down and yelled out, "By , I told you so ; the whole d d thing is busted up!" " Better Kill 3Iy Half Now"— One year David , of Macomb, had a large number of hogs, but no corn to fatten them, and as corn was very high and very scarce, he felt as did the man who drew the elephant — he did not know what to do with them. No one then was disposed to buy on account of the difficulty in ob- taining grain to fatten them. Phillip , living north of town some four or five miles, had a large quantity of grain and but few HISTORY OF M DONOUGH COUNTY. 0/ hogs, SO David male a proposition to him to take the hogs and fatten them on shares, each party to have half the number when killed. Phillip agreed to the proposition, but when he called for the liogs he desired to make a proviso to the original contract that if he found the hogs were eating too much of his corn he should have the privilege of killing and delivering David's halt of the number at any time. " By ," said David, " if that's your game you had better kill my half now, and save yourself the trouble of driving them out to your farm !" Suffice to say, the hogs were not taken with the proviso. Jadf/inentfor the Plaintiff. — A case for the recovery of a certain sum of money, said to be due from A to B, was brought before 'Squire , and, on trial, no evidence was produced that A was indebted to B at all, yet the learned 'Squire gave judgment for the plaintiff. The attorney for the defense objected to the verdict, for the reason set forth above, that no evidence had been shown that anything was due. '• By ," said the 'Squire, " do 3'ou think a man such a fool as to bring suit when there was nothing owing him ?" "■ Pid a Little Sugar in It." — The boys one nightgotupon a little "lark," and conceived the idea of making everybody el«e in the town as drunk as themselves, and with that laudable (?) intention they started out. Many, of course, willingly partook of the prof- fered liquors, but one man refused on the ground that he had sworn off. But what cared they for that ? Drink he must. Time and again he refused, until their patience was lost, and closing in on him they threw him down, and as they were in the act of pour- ing the stuff down his throat, he cried out, " Boys, if you will make me drink, put a little sugar in it." 58 HISTORY OF m'dONOUOH COUNTY. CHAPTER Yir. 1834-38. From 1834 until 1838 we have nothing of a startling nature to narrate. The Board of County Commissioners held their meet- ings regularly each quarter, with now and then a called meeting, and a number of orders were made with reference to public im- provements. The times were comparatively easy ; new settlers supplying all the money needed to carry on the little trade re- quired by the actual wants of the people. The late and more fashionable customs of society had not yet penetrated these regions, and the bonnet and shawl worn by our mothers were not cast aside after the first season's wear, but continued to do service as long as they could be kept whole. Our fathers did not aspire to broadclotli suits nor beaver hats, but were content with home-made jeans and a felt or straw hat. When the County was organized there was but one public road running through it, and that was the old lead mine road leading from Beardstown to Galena, passing through the county about six miles east of Macomb, Galena, at this time, was one of the most important points in the State. As the County became settled new roads were laid out. More than four-fifths of the entire ex- penses of the county, we believe, during the lirst fifteen years of its existence, was for this purpose. Roads were not then run upon section lines, as now, but were located as was thought best for the convenience of the people. The broad prairies were supposed to be useless, and would never be settled ; therefore, a road run- ning across them at any angle would hurt no one, and would be a convenience for all. If one had intimated at that time that these prairies would sometime be dotted over with farm houses, barns, school houses and churches, he would have been thought a fit subject for the insane asylum. This, no doubt, seems strange to HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 59 our younger people and late settlers in the county, but at that time the conclusion arrived at seemed reasonable. In the first place, the question of fuel had to be taken into consideration by the early settlers ; coal had not yet been discovered, and, of course wood had to be procured. In the second place, lumber for build- ing purposes was required ; railroads were unknown, and lumber could not easily be imported. For these reasons our fathers set- tled in the timber — or ou its borders, where the}'' could obtain material for the erection of their houses, fences for their lands, and fuel for tlieir fires. The nearest and most convenient route from settlement tO' settlement was sought for, and surveyors were so instructed to locate roads. To show the difference in distance between points then and now, we state that a finger board long standing just southeast of Macomb read, "To Vermont, 17 miles." It is now impossible to reach the place, via the established roads, in les& than twenty-four miles travel. It may De thought that a great saving could have been made to the County by locating the roada as they are now run, but whether this was made whole by the convenience and saving of time to the people then, is a question we are not prepared to discuss. In the year 1835, the County applied to the State for relief on account of the expense attending the keeping and trial of the McFadden's, who were hung for the murder of John Wilson. We have searched the statutes of the JState for the years 1835-6-7,. and find no act passed for that purpose, and suppose the request was not granted. On the eighth day of September, of this year, Hon. James Vance filed his bond before the County Commissioner's Court for the fourth year, as Commissioner of School Lands. He died after holding the office a little over three months, and was succeeded on the seventh day of December by Benjamin T. Naylor, who retained the position for several years. In reference to the expense attending the trial of the McFad- den's, we find on the books of the County Commissioner's Court an allowance made to Thomas Kayden, Sherifi' of Schuyler County, for the sum of §1 50 "for hanging McFaddens." If all the other expenses attending their trial and conviction had been as reasonable, we can see no reason why the State should irrant aid in the case. 60 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. In the year 1836 occurs the tirst mention of the letting of paupers to those who would care for them for a consideration. This custom was retained until about the year 1857, when a farm was purchased by the County, and all paupers transferred to it when thought best by the proper officers. In this year (1886) Wesley Wayland came before the County Commissioner's Court and stated that he had given a certilicate of freedom to a certain negro woman wh'^^m he had brought with him from Kentucky a few years previous, for the purpose of acting as nurse ''to his invalid wife. We believe Mr. Wayland had been taxed on this species of property since 1832, and had reached the conclusion it didn't pay. Elsewhere we have given the order of the County Cpmmissioners instructing the assessment of all such property, which order, we have no doubt, was cheerfully ol)eyed. The same order was repeated in 1837, but whether any slave was held in the County at that time we can not learn. The effect of the hard times throughout the United States, be- ginning in 1837, was not felt in this county until the following y-ear. From that time until about the year 1845, our i:)eople ex- perienced greater financial embarrassment than at any time in the previous history of the county. Money was an almost unknown •commodity, all business being transacted through the means of trade or barter. A would trade 13 flour for its value in meal 5 13 Avould trade C a yoke of oxen for a horse ; I) would trade E a half dozen hogs for a cow, &c. If money enough could be raised to pay the general taxes, a man considered himself fortunate. Many were the straits to which the people were led to make both •ends meet, and many laughable incidents are narrated of the crooks and turns that were made — incidents that are laughable to us now, but were serious matters at that time. ISTotes were given for value received, payable in a cow, or a horse, or other prop- erty, and when the note came due, and collection was to be made, it would sometimes be hard for one party or the other to make proof of it being that which was described in the note. Many notes were held, without attempting to make collection, in the hopes that better times would dawn upon the country, and their makers be able to pay the money. William Hamilton, Esq., of Bushnell, tells us that he gave a note payal)le in a black cow, valued at a certain sum, which note was not presented for pay- HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 61 ment nntil seven or eight years after it was due, its holder trust- ing to receive the money — and he did receive the money. During these hard times the price of such articles as our peo- ple had to purchase rapidly advanced, while that of what they had to sell as rapidly declined. New Orleans sugar sold at 16f cents per pound ; coffee, 25 cents; calico, 50 cents per yard ; hogs brought from $1 to $1 25, per hundred pounds, and no market within forty miles of Macomb ; wheat 20 cents per bushel, etc. What would our farmers think should such prices rule now t There would be very few palatial residences and tine outbuildings erected upon their lands within the next ten years. As an illustration of those terrible times, Richard Pennington, Esq., tells us the following incident in which a man who now ranks as one of the most substantial farmers of New Salem town- ship proniinentlj' figures : "One morning while I was out looking for a yoke of oxen, 1 met this gentleman whom I will call Mr. X. 'Have you seen anything of my oxen ?' I inquired. 'No, Kichard, I have not; but worse than that, have you seen anything of my cows?' I replied that I had not. 'Well, Kichard, I do not know what I am to do. When I left home my children were crying for something to eat, and it has come to this pass — no cows, no breakfast; no cows, no dinner ; cows, or no cows, no supper.' " " Talk about hard times," said Mr. P. to us, "when I hear any- body talking about hard times, I feel like narrating the above in- cident, and telling them if it is as. bad as that with them, they may well complain; otherwise not." We agree with him. Our nearest market at that time was forty miles away, being Beardstown on the south, and Warsaw on the west. Our mer- chants did but little business in the way of exportation, and what little traffic was had was between the producer here and the ship- per at one or the other of the above points. No " middle men" were employed. In a general way Ford, in his " History of Illinois," well de- scribes the existing state of things in this county at that time. On pages 96-99 we read as follows : " Commerce from 1818 to 1830 made but small progress. Steam- boats commenced running the Western waters in 1816, and by the year 1830 there was one or two small ones running on the Illinois 62 HISTORY OF jVi'DONOUtiH lOUNTV. river as far up as Peoria, and sometimes further. The old keel- boat navigation had been disused, but as yet there was so little trade as not to call for many steamboats to supply their place. The merchants of the villages, few in number at first, were mere retailersj of dry goods and groceries; they purchased and shipped abroad none of the productions of the country, except a few skins, hides and furs, and a little tallow and beeswax. They were sus- tained in this kind of business by the influx of immigrants, whose money being paid out in the country for grain, stock and labor, furnished the means of trade. The merchant himself rarely at- tempted a barter business, and never paid cash for anything but his goods. There was no class of men who devoted themselves to the business of buying and selling, and of making the exchanges of the productions at home for those of other States and countries. The great majority, in fact nearly all the merchants, were mere blood-suckers, men who, with very little capital, with small stock of goods, and with ideas of business not broader than these rib- bons, nor deeper than these colors, sold for money down, or on credit for cash, which, when received, they send out of the coun- try. Since their time a race of traders and merchants has sprang up who use the money they receive in purchasing the wheat, corn, beef and pork of the farmers, and ship these articles to the East- ern cities. "Mather, Lamb & Co., late of Chester, in Randolph county, but now of Springfield, were the first to engage in this business, and they were led to to it by the refusal of the United States Bank, at St. Louis, to grant them the usual facilities of trade. As they could get no accommodation from the bank, they fell upon this course to avoid going to St. Louis to purchase Eastern exchange. "The money they received being again paid out, remained in the country and the products went forward in its place to pay for stocks of goods. The traders in this way made a profit on their goods which they brought into the State, and another profit on the produce which they sent out of it. "But, as yet, the merchant generally had neither the capital nor the talent for such a business, and it was not until a more recent period — upon the going down of the United States Bank, the consequent withdrawal of facilities for exchange in money, and the high rates of exchange which came in with local banks of doubtful credit — that they have been very extensively forced into it. When they no longer could get either money for remittances HISTORY OF m'dONOUOH COUNTY. 63 to these eastern creditors, or bills of exchange, except at ruinous rates of premium, they at once saw the advantage of laying out the local currency received for their goods in purchasing the staples of the country and forwarding them in the place of cash. In very early times there were many things to discourage regular commerce. A want of capital ; a want of capacity for the busi- ness; the want ot a great surplus of productions, the continual demand for them created by emigrants, and facility of carrying on a small commerce with the money supplied by emigration alone, all stood in the way of regular trade. *'Xew Orleans, at that time, was our principal market out of the State. It was then but a small city, and shipped but a trifle of the staple articles of Illinois to foreign countries. Such ship- ments as were made to it were intended for the supply of the local market, and here the Illinoians had to compete with Ken- tucky, Ohio, Indiana, Tennessee and Missouri. Any temporary- scarcity in this market was soon supplied, and the most of the time it was completely glutted. "For want of merchants or others who were to make a business of carrying our staples to market, our farmers undertook to be their own merchants and traders. This practice prevailed exten- sively in the western country. A farmer would produce or get together a quantity of corn, flour, bacon and such articles. lie would build a flat-bottomed boat on the shores of some river or large creek, load his wares in it, and, awaiting the rise of water, with a few of his negroes to assist him, would float down to New Orleans. The voyage was long, tedious and expensive. When he arrived there he found himself in a strange city, fllled with sharpers ready to take advantage of his necessities. Everybody combined against him to profit by his ignorance of business, want of friends or commercial connections, and nine times out of ten he returned a broken merchant. His journe}^ home was per- formed on foot, through three or four nations of Indians inhabit- ing the western parts of Mississippi, Tennessee and Kentucky, lie returned to a desolate farm, which had been neglected since he was gone. One crop was lost by absence, and another by tak- ing it to market. This kind of business was persevered in aston- ishingly for several years, to the great injury and utter ruin of a groat many people." 64 HISTORY OF M'DONOUCill COUNTY. Ford makes some deductions in reference to the laws of trade, which we commend to all. We read on pages 99 — 101, the fol- lowing : "In later times, after the steamboats have taken the place of other specie of navigation, after regular dealers and business men had made their appearance on the theatre of trade, and after New Orleans had become a great city, and a great mart of for- eign commerce, there were still other difficulties to be encountered of a very formidable character. These were the disposition of the people not to sell their produce for the market price and to raise no surplus whatever unless the prices were high. If the trader oflered one price the farmer would ask a little more, and more than the trader could afford to give and make a reasonable profit. Let the price be what it might, many would hold on to their commodity a whole year, expecting a rise in the market, and if the price was low they would cease producing. If a farmer had a surplus of coi n, wheat, hogs or cattle in the fall season, and could not sell them for the full price demanded, he would keep them until next year, expecting to get more for them. In the mean- time, he would lose more by the natural loss and waste of his property, than he could possibly gain by increased prices next season, I have known whole stacks of wheat and w^hole fields of corn to rot, or to be drabbled out and wasted to no purpose; and whole droves of hogs to run wild in the woods so as never to be reclaimed, whilst the owner w^as saving them for a higher price. He suffered, also, by laying out of the present use of the money, and by being compelled to purchase many necessary arti- cles on a credit, at a higher price than they could be bought for cash. By holding back for a higher price, he suffered loss by the natural w^aste of his property, by laying out of the use of his money, by losing the many good bargains he could have made with it in the meantime, and by being compelled to purchase dear on credit, and pay a high interest on the debt if not paid when due. In all these ways he lost more than by borrowing money on compound interest, and yet he could never be pursuaded that it was for his advantage to sell as soon as his articles became marketable, and at the market price. "This practice of holding up property from the market unless the owner can receive more than the market price, still prevails extensively in the southern and some of the eastern parts of the HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. 65 State, and fully accounts for much of the difference in the degree of prosperity which is found there, and in the middle and north- ern part of the State. "The New England population make it a rule to sell all their marketable property as soon as it l)ecomes fit for market, and at the nuirket price. By this means the farmer avoids the loss and expense of keeping it on hand. He has the present use of its value in money, and makes many good bargains and speculations which could not be made without a little ready money. He avoids buying on credit, or rather paying interest on his debt after it becomes due. Money is more plenty, and the people are enabled to be more punctual in the payment of their debts. The local merchant is enabled to do an active business. He is always sure he can purchase to the extent of his capital, and at rates which will put it in his power to sell at a profit. In this manner the farmer prospers, the local merchant prospers, tiie miller and manufacturer prosper. Loans grow up rapidly. Employment is furnished for mechanics and laborers. "By such means our northern people are enabled to build up a country village in three or four years, as large as a county seat in the south of twenty years standing." The evil effects of holding on for higher prices we have personally noticed many times in our short life. We recall one instance during the time of our late war. When wheat was on the rise, a farmer living near Macomb, had on hand about three thousand bushels, for which he was offered $2 'Ab per bushel; he refused to sell, stating that he would hold until he could get $3 00 per bushel. Wheat continued to rise in price until $3 00 was reached, Avhen our friend concluded to hold until he could obtain $3 50. Soon it began to decline. It fell to $2 75 ; to |2 50; to $2 25 ; to $2 00 ; and still this man would not sell, trusting that it would rally again. But it continued to decline, and he was finally obliged to sell at 81 00 per bushel. So much for not selling at the market price. H— 5 Q6 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. CHAPTER VIII. EARLY SETTLEMENTS. Carter s Settlement. — The first settlement made in McDonongh county was in the year 1826. Riggs Pennington, with his family, in that year settled on the northeast quarter of section 24, Industry township. To him belongs the honor of being the first to settle in the county. He was immediately followed by AVilliam Carter, who settled on section 26, adjoining, and in his honor the first settlement was called Carter's settlement, and by which name it was known for many years after. Xext came James Vance, in the same year. Mr. A^. settled on the southwest quarter of section 24. Stephen Osborne, Widow Tomberlin, Isaac Fowler and Rev. John Logan were also among the number forming the early set- tlement. Here occurred the first marriage in the county, the second birth, and the first death. The first marriage was that of Mr. John AYilson and Martha R. Vance, who were married on the thirtieth day of October, 1828, by Elder John Logan, a minister of the Baptist Church. The second birth in county, but first in set- tlement, iSTancy Carter, a daughter of Thomas Carter, who was born in August, 1828 ; the second birth w^as Elizabeth Black Logan, now Mrs. AVilliam C. Hainline, daughter of John and Nancy Logan. The first death was a son of Isaac Fowler, who died about the year 1829. The little band of whites forming Carter's settlement erected in the year 1827 a block house, or log fort, near the residence of AA''illiam Carter, on section 26. This was a two-story affair, the upper story projecting about four feet over the lower one on all sides. It was built in this way because it would afford more ample protection against being set on fire by the Indians. AVhere the upper story projected holes were made, through which an Indian could be gently tapped on tie head should he come for incendiary HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 67 purposes. The building was eighteen by twenty feet, with iiunier- i>us port holes for the guns of the inmates. Luckily they had no occasion to use the building for the purpose for which it Avas erected. The soldiers that passed through this county in 1831-32 to the seat of the Black Hawk war made considerable sport of this building, and of the idea of erecting one two hundred miles from the Indian country. But it should be remembered that the Indians were all around them every spring and fall, and like those of the present day, were a treacherous people. For some time this was the only settlement between Rushville and Rock Island, on the old Galena road. Job's Settlement. — About the same time that Rig-gs Peuninsftou and William Carter were forming a settlement in the south part of the county, AVilliam Job and a few others moved to the north part near the present town of Blandinsville. To the older resi- dents of the county the name of Job's Settlement is very familiar. Hugh Wilson and family started in 1826 from Schuyler county to go to some place on the Mississippi, near the Des Moines Rapids, and when they arrived near the present village of Webster, Han- cock county, they were met by William Job, William South- ward, and Ephraim Perkins, all brothers-in-law, who had settled in that vicinity a short time previous. Through the solicitude of Mr. Job, Mr. Wilson changed his course and went to the north- west part of this county, and settled upon section 9 of the pres- •ent township of Hire, on the farm now owned by James Seybold. Here he erected a " half-faced camp," being nothing more than a shed with three sides and an open front. Preparing his ground, he planted it, and raised a crop. When his harvest was over he built himself a more substantial house, into which he moved, but only lived therein about two weeks, when a friendly Indian came to his cabin and gave the alarm by stating that a band of hostile Indians was coming that way, and he had better leave. This advice he followed, going to the Des Moines Rapids. Job, Southward and Perkins, who had also settled in the vicinity, went to Morgan county, but returned the following spring. Wil- son never came back. This Wilson was a pioneer, truly, for he could not endure liv- ing near a wholly civilized community. In 1814 he moved from Tennessee to Indiana. After a few years he went to Kentucky ; thence to Missouri ; thence to Arkansas. From there he desired 68 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. to emigrate farther south, but his fa.mily objecting, he returned; to Missouri, from whence he moved to Schuj^er county, this State, in 1825. The following year, as related, he settled in this county, m Job's Settlement, and thence pushed on to Iowa. He kept even pace with the Indians, being just far enough in their rear to be out of danger. His wife delighted in being on the move as much as he did, she averring " the food always tasted better when they were moving." Mr. Wilson was the father of John Wilson, of Industry township, and died in Iowa some years ago — as much from grief as of old age, it is said, because he could not influence his sons to go further west as far as the new State of Colorado, He had a decided distaste for living in a town, saying he would as soon go to the penitentiary. When William Job returned to the county in 1827, he drew around him a goodly number of people, and soon a very flourish- ing settlement was formed. John Vance, Nathaniel Heron, Red- mond Grigsby, Coffman, Bagby and others were among the first. Pennington'' s Point. — This was the third settlement found in the county, the locality still retaining its original name. The Point embraces a little neck of timber in the southwest part of the present township of New Salem, 5 north, 1 west, it being the only timber land in the township. Hon. Cyrus Walker, it is said,, gave this district its name in honor of Stewart Pennington, although William Pennington is entitled to the honor of being the first settler. The latter gentleman settled at the point in 1828, remaining about three years, moving from there to Spring Creek in the north part of the county. Stewart Pennington was the- second person to settle in the i)hice, Salem Woods the third, and William Osborne the fourth. When Stewart Pennington settled in the place the nearest families were the Smiths', nine mile& north; Parker's, nine miles northeast; Knott's ten miles east, in Fulton county ; thirteen miles southeast was a lonely log cabin ; six miles south were the A'^ance's, Stevens', and Carter's ; while Pesin Naylor was on the northwest, near the jiresent town of Macomb. The settlers at the Point, like those in other parts of the county, were poor in material wealth, but rich in faith, and each went to work with a will for the improvement of their respective homesteads. The result of their toils is now manifest, the farms in this neighborhood being among the best in the county. The HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. 69 •settlers now living in the vicinity are all in good circumstances and as happy as kings. Cam-p Creek derived its name from the fact that William Os- borne camped on its banks the entire summer of the year 1829. At that time the timber near the Creek was large, and the land farther out on either side was covered with hazel brush, crab ap- ples, plum trees, etc. At the present time, none of this is to be found. The tine timber on a part of Richard Pennington's farm is a second growth, the ground once having been cleared, and crops of corn, wheat and other grain raised thereon. Macomb. — Elias McFadden was the first settler in the vicinity'' of the present city of Macomb, and came to the place in the fall of 1828, or spring of 1829. He was followed soon after by John Baker, who is elsewhere spoken of in this work. After Mr. Baker, James Clarke, David Clarke, Resin Naylor, Samuel Rus- sell, Wm. Pringle, Samual Bogart, Anderson, and others, forming a very respectable neighborhood. Like other settlers of the county, this community hugged the timber, consequently we now find that all the oldest farms are timbered ones. The set- tlers were nearly all from Kentucky. In the year 1831, the origi- nal number was increased by the coming of James M. Campbell, Moses Hinton, S. H. Robinson and others. Several stores were opened, the tavern sign hung out, and entertainment was provided for man and beast. As we speak elsewhere of this place at con- siderable length it is needless to say more in this connection. HW.sgrove. — In the fall of 1830 Roswell Tyrrell, then a citizen of Fulton county, came to McDonough and built a cabin on sec. 26, 5 n., 4w., now Tennessee township, after which he returned to Fulton for his family, but the big snow of that winter falliirg, he did not return until the following spring. Here he remained until the year 1832, not having a neighbor within several miles. At this time James Fulkerson and family came and settled on a farm adjoining his quarter. The first day of their arrival, while preparing their noon-day meal, their dogs began to bark, and looking out they discovered a large black bear, at which they were somewhat alarmed. Their dogs took after it, and soon were joined by those of Mr. Tyrrell, the bear fighting and tearing several of them in a terrible manner. Mr. Fulkerson followed and succeeded in getting in a good siiot, killed it, returning to the <;amp with his prize. It was dressed and weighed, bringing the 70 • HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. beam clown at two hundred pounds. This was the first, and so far as we know, the only animal of the kind ever killed in the county. When the dogs of Mr. Tyrrell returned he discovered they were badly torn, and, being ignorant of what had occurred^ and supposing it had been done by the dogs of his new neighbor,, he was somewhat offended, but on receiving a huge slice of the bear's meat, and learning the particulars of the killing, he wa& satisfied. Following Mr. Fulkerson, other families settled in the neigh- borhood within two or three years, forming quite a settlement. Among the number being Ilill, for whom the postoffice and settlement was called ; Isaac Ilolton, Colonel Charles Wesley Wad- dill, Charles Waddill, David Kepple, Rev. James King, Charles G. Gilchrist. Isaac Ilolton was a graduate of Brown University, one of the best educational institutions in the East, and when he settled in the neighborhood he conceived the idea of establishing a similar insti- tution in this county at Hill's Grove, believing an institution located in the country would be better than one in a city^ as the young educated therein would not be subject to the temptations inci- dental to city life. Accordingly, about the year 1835, he opened a High School in an old log house in the neighborhood, continu- ing the same for some fifteen years. In this school were educated some of the best men in this section of the country, among whom we may mention Dr. ,1. H. Bacon, now of Fort Madison, Iowa ; H. W. Ferris, President of Carthage JSTational ]>ank ; John M. Ferris, attorney at law; Dr. Thompson Ferris, Carthage; Samuel Hunt, Bushnell ; C. W. Fulkerson, Rev. Sampson Talbot, Rev. William Owen, Thomas Fulkerson, and Larkiu Bacon. In the year 1837 he secured a charter from the Legislature of the State for the " Hill's Grove Academy," which he hoped would be the basis for a future college or university. We believe he never or- ganized under this charter, but continued his school as a private institution until called to his final home. The country aV)out the Grove for many years was infested by rattlesnakes and other reptiles, and a little southwest was a hollow that bears to this day the name of " Snake Den Hollow." In this hollow, in the crevices of the rocks, the snakes would form their "den " for the winter, and as the warm days of spring approached they would crawl out in great numbers. As soon as this fact be- IIISTOKY OF M DONOUGH COUNTY. (1 came known, the neighbors began to make a raid upon them, or- ganizing parties for this purpose, taking turns in watching the holes from out of which the reptiles crawled, and killing them as they appeared. The snakes as they came forth from their dens would be in a torpid condition, and therefore were easily destroyed. The iirst year the manner in which the war was carried on was as follows: Stationing himself by the hole from which the snakes would crawl, a man would stand with a sharp pointed stick, and when the snake would show its head, he would thrust the stick through it, pulling it out, and then mashing its head. The second or third year a kind of trap was placed over the hole, into which the snakes would crawl, and at certain intervals some one would take and destroy them. This latter plan was preferable, as it re- quired but little time. As many as nine hundred snakes were killed in one season, principally of the rattle and black snake species, these two dwelling together harmoniously. Great care had to be taken to avoid being bitten by these dangerous reptiles. Many a poor farmer lost his entire means of subsistence by having his horses or cattle bitten by them. Abraham Fulkerson, a brother of James, aftected to care but little for the reptiles, stating there was no danger from them, but, alas, there was danger to him. One summer day, in order to cool and rest himself alter the heat and burden of the day, he laid down on the floor of his cabin and fell asleep. On waking, he threw hishandover on one side, when he felt a sharp pain in one of his lingers, and raising his hand he observed a large rattlesnake with its fangs imbedded in his finger, and was compelled to give his hand a shake before it loosened its hold. His family was called, and the smiple remedies known to the common people were tried, but without avail. The patient grew worse ; a doctor was called, and his skill brought into requi- sition, and the life ol the man was temporarily saved. Eye wit- nesses say never did they see a man suffer as he did, and they have no desire ever to witness another such scene. Although, as stated, the life of the man was saved for a time, the poison was not eradi- cated from his system, and in about one year after death came to his relief. Ilillsgrove settlement has not only the honor of killing the first and only black bear, and having the largest number of snakes in its midst, but two panthers were killed in that neighborhood at an early day. Elijah Tyrrell, a cousin of Roswell Tyrrell, while out hunting, discovered an animal in a tree as he thought in the 72 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. act of springing upon him, and although at best a poor marksman, he hastily took aim and succeeded in shooting it through the heart. While in the act of skinning it, a little dog that was with him began to bark, and looking up he observed another animal eyeing him, and taking aim, succeeded in killing it also. Not knowing to what species of animal his game belonged, he report- ed at the house that he had '■'■ killed the devil P' This same man was again out in the woods when the wolves got after him, and he ran in the direction of his house, followed by a considerable pack of the animals. Finding that he could net reach his house, he took to a tree, and as he ascended the wolves jumped up and succeeded in tearing off a goodly portion of his jacket. His cries brought assistance, and he was rescued without receiving any injury. In the spring of 188!^ seed corn was hard to obtain and brought a good price, and a number of the farmers could not obtain sufficient for their use. During this year several companies of soldiers passed through the county going to the Black Hawk war; and having with them a supply ot corn brought from the south, the people endeavored to exchange what they had for the corn of the soldiers, and where they had none to exchange, and no money to buy, raked up the grains left by the horses where they were fed, saving them to plant. The trouble in obtaining flour and meal by the early settlers cannot be realized by any at the present day. Charles W. Fulk- erson gave the following as his experience on one occasion : — Being out of flour, he was sent by his parents with three or four bushels of wheat to mill, going flrst to Bacon's mill, near Crooked Creek, where, on account of low water, he could not get it ground. He then went on to Marietta, in Fulton county, and, falling in with David Kepple, the two continued on together. At Marietta they again failed to have their grain ground, and went on to an- other mill on Spoon river, near where it empties into the Illinois. This mill was owned by an old Scotchman and his sons. Arriv- ing here late on Saturday night, they explained to the sons of the old man their situation, and secured a promise from them to grind it on Monday morning. The old man was absent at the time, but the next morning he came into the mill yard where they had driven and ordered them to leave. Said he, "Get right out of my yard and home with you ; I will not grind you a single grain. All vou want with it is for speculating purposes, and I will have HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 73 nothing to do with you ! " Mr. Fulkerson and Mr. Kepple both tried to reason with him, assuring him it was not for speculating purposes, and that they had not a morsel of meal or Hour at home ; but he would not listen to them, and they were compelled to hitch up their teams and depart. Leaving this mill they went to Vermont, where a mill had lately been erected, but here they met with no better success, and had to return home without hav- ing their grain ground at all; but Mr. Kepple, before leaving, hunted around the mill and succeeded in finding about a half bushel of " shorts," which he said he w^ould call Hour, and took it heme with him, but what success his people had in making bread out of it he never reported. When such a state of affairs occurred the only alternative the people had for making bread was to pound their corn with a pestle in a huge mortar made for that purpose, or, in lieu of that, to eat hominy. Ilillsgrove is frequently called " the old Methodist stamping ground," as here this body of people early secured a foothold and had many adherents. Many of the old pioneer preachers of this denomination held forth in the cabins of the early settlers. Thomas Fulkerson yet has a cabin standing on his place, where Peter Cartwright, the old Methodist apostle, preached to the hardy men and women of the neighborhood the unsearchable riches of Christ. The first sermon was preached by Rev. Valen- tine Wilson, a Methodist preacher, in 1833, at the house of James Fulkerson. Edward McDonough, for a number of years past a dealer in flour, etc., at Macomb, was the flrst child born in the township, which event occurred in April, 1832. His father was Hugh Mc- Donough, Sr., one of the pioneers of the county, and who died in 1849. The country in and around the old Ilillsgrove settlement is ex- cellent, and the early settlers made a wise choice in their selec- tion. At present writing (March, 1877) many wealthy men inhabit this part of the county — men who obtained their wealth by hard labor in the early times. 3Iid(iletown. — This place was laid out in the spring of 1837, by Major John Patrick and James Edmonston, Esq. The first house erected was by Major Patrick. The first settlers were James Edmonston and John Gibson, and Andrew Cox started the first store. It was called Middletown from the fact of its being the 74 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. central point or middle town between Beardstown on the Illinois river and Burlington on the Mississippi river. It was also the crossing of the Beardstown and Burlington and the I'eoria and Quincj public roads. The first public sale of town lots occurred in April, 1837, lots realizing from $15 to $30 each. Very tew have at any time commanded a higher price than this. Although the town never grew to any considerable size or importance, it was at one time a busy and prosperous village, as will be seen by the following article taken trom the McDonough Independent of October 31, 1853: '■'■3Iiddletow7i. — A few days since we paid a flying visit to this beautiful village in the western part of this county. We were much pleased with the evidences of prosperity which the town presents. It contains about 180 inhabitants, three dry goods stores, three taverns, several blacksmith shops, and a splendid steam saw mill which does a tine business. "Col. Patrick, who is engaged in the mercantile business, has just received an extensive stock in store, which were shown us by Capt. Lipe, his gentlemanly clerk.'' The country in the vicinity of Middletown is thickly settled by a good class of farmers, and is generally level prairie land, well drained and fertile. There was no portion of the county that labored harder to se- cure the line of the Northern Cross Railway than Middletown, which was to be on the main line of the contemplated road. Atan election held August 20, 1853, for the purpose of voting for or against the county subscribing |75,000 to this railroad, Middle- town precinct cast 198 votes lor and but 2 against the proposed enterprise. The road, however, when built, failed to be a benefit to the town; it w^as on the other hand, the means of taking her established trade from her, and causing many of her more prom- inent and enterprising citizens to seek other locations. The rea- son was, that instead of the road running through the town it ran five miles north, where new towns sprang up, which with the advantages of the railroad commanded the patronage and inter- ests of the people in the surrounding country. It is due the citi- zens of Middletown at the time the Railroad was projected to record that the failure of the road to pass through their town, was not a want of interest in the enterprise, or lack of earnest msTOKY OF m'donough county, 75 labor on their part to secure tlie road, for as before mentioned, none worked harder to secure it than they, but it was on account of the condition of the country through which the road would necessarily have to be constructed. 76 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. CHAPTER IX. THE MOllMOXS. From 1835 to 1845, the County nearly doubled its population, having in the former year, according to the census reports, 2862 souls, and six negroes; while, in the latter, it had 5355 souls and three negroes. Whether the negroes were regarded as having souls or not we cannot say, but presume not from the way the report reads. But little was done in the way of public improve- ment during those years, because ot the exceeding dullness of the times. In the years 1839-40, several families of that yer}^ peculiar people, the Mormons, settled in McDonough County. They came a,s refugees from Missouri, being driven from that State by the infuriated people whom they had persistently robbed and despoiled. Claiming that they were persecuted on account of their religion, they appealed to the sympathies of the people, and were received with favor. It is a well known fact that humanity will sympathize with those who are persecuted, be they right or wrong. It is related of Martin Van Buren that upon a certain occasion, going home he found his wife in tears, weeping bitterly over an article she had just read in a newspaper, in which her husband had been shamefully traduced. Learning the cause of her distress, he remarked : ' 'O never mind that, wife, I paid the editor $50 to insert it.' ' He knew the value of sympathy. Presuming that many ot our readers have never read a description of the Mormons, we offer no apology for the following extract from Ford's History, pp 157—158: "The people called the Mormons, but who called themselves ^The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints,' began to figure in the politics of the State in 1840. They were a religious eect, followers of a man familiarly called 'Joe Smith,' who was claimed by them to be a prophet. HISTORY OF m'donou<;h county. 77 "This man was born at Sharon, Winsdor county, A^ermont, on the twenty-third day of December, 1805. Ilis parents were in humble circumstances, and gave their sou but an indifferent edu- cation. When he first began to act the prophet he was ignorant of ahiiost everything which belonged to science, but he made up in natural cunning and in power of invention and coustructive- ness for many deficiencies of education. "When he was ten years old his parents removed to Palmyra, AVayne county, Xew York. Here his extreme youth was spent in idle, vagabond life, roaming the woods, dreaming of buried treasures, and exerting himself to learn the art of finding them by the twisting of a forked stick in his hands, or by looking through enchanted stones. He, and his father before liira, were what are called ' water witches,' always ready to point out the ground where wells might be dug and water found, and many are the anecdotes of liis early life, giving bright promise of future profli- gacy. Such was Joe Smith when he was found by Sidney Rig- don, who was a man of considerable talent and information. "Rigdon had become possessed of a religious romance written by a Presbytenan clergyman in Ohio, then dead, which suggested to him the idea of starting a new religion. It was agreed that Joe Smith should be put forward as a prophet ; and the two devised a story that golden plates had been found buried in the earth in the neighborhood of Palmyra containing a record inscribed on them in unknown characters, which, when deciphered by the powers of inspiration, gave the history of the ten lost tribesof Israel in their wanderings through Asia into America, where they had settled and flourished, and where, in due time, Christ came and preached his gospel to them, appointed his twelve apostles, and was cruci- fied here nearl}" in the same manner in which he was crucified in Jerusalem. "The second then pretended to give the history of the American Christians for a few hundred years, until the great wickedness of the people called down the judgment of God upon them^ which resulted in their extermination. Several nations of people, from the Isthmus of Darien to the extremities of North America, were arrayed against each other in war. At last the great battle of Cumorah was fought in Palmyra, New York, between the Lamanites, who were the heathens of this continent, and the Nephites, who were the Christians, in which battle there was a HISTORY OF M DONOUCill COUNTY. prodigious slaughter — hundreds ot thousands being killed on each side. The nation of the Xephites was destro^yed, except a few who had deserted, and a few who had escaped into the south country. Among this number was Mormon and his son Moroni, who were righteous men, and who, as it was said, were directed by the Almighty to make a record of all these solemn and import- iint events on plates of gold, and bury them in the earth, to be discovered in a future age, fourteen centuries afterwards. It is needless to add that the pretended translations of the hieroglyph- ics said to be inscribed on these pretended plates, were no more nor less than the religious romance already spoken of, but which now appeared as the book of Mormon. "The prophet in after life pretended that at an early age he became much concerned about the salvation of his soul. He went to the religious meetings of many sects to seek information ot the way to heaven, and was afterwards told, 'this is the way, walk ye in it.' He reflected upon the multitude of doctrines and sects, and it occurred to him that God could be the author of but one doctrine, and own but one church; he looked among all the sects to see which was this one true church of Christ, but he could not decide; and until he became satisfied, he could not be contented. His anxious desires led him diligently to search the scriptures, and he perused the sacred pages, believing the tilings that he read. He now saw that the true way was to enquire of God, and then there was a certainty of success. He theretore retired to a secret place in a grove near his father's house, and kneeling down began to call upon the Lord : darkness gave way, and he prayed with fervency of spirit. Whilst he continued praying the light appeared to be gradually descending towards him; and as it drew nearer it increased in brightness and magnitude, so that by the time it reached the tops of the trees, the whole wilderness for quite a distance around was illuminated in a glorious and brilliant manner. He expected the leaves of the trees to be consumed, but seeing no such effect of the light, he was encouraged with the hope to endure its presence. It descended slowly until he was enveloped in the midst ot it. Immediately he was caught away in a heavenly vision, and saw two glorious personages, alike in their features, and he was now informed that his sins were forg-iven. Here he learned that none of the churches then in being was the church of God, and received a promise at some future time of the fullness of the Gospel, and a knowledge of the HISTORY OF m'dOXOUGH COUNTY, 79 true doctrine. After this, being still young, he was entangled in the vanities of the world, of which he sincerely and truly repented. "On the twenty-third of September, 1823, God again heard his prayers. His mind had been drawn out in fervent prayer for his acceptance with God; and for a knowledge of the doctrines of Christ according to promise m the former vision. While he was thus pouring out his desires, on a sudden a light burst out into the room like the light of day, but purer and more glorious in appearance and brightness, the sight of it was, as though the house had been filled with consuming fire; this occasioned a shock felt to the extremities of his body, and then was followed by calmness of mind and overwhelming rapture of joy, wheti in a moment a personage stood before him, who, notwithstanding the light, seemed to be surrounded by an additional glory, which shown with increased brilliancy. This personage was above the ordinary size of man, his raiment was perfectly white and had the appearance to be without seam. This glorious being declared himself to be an angel sent to announce the forgiveness of his sins, and to answer his prayers by bringing the glad tidings that the covenant of God with ancient Israel concerning posterity, was at last about to be fulfilled ; that preparation for the second coming of Christ was speedily to commence; that the fulness of the Gospel was about to be preached in peace unto all nations, that the people might be prepared for the millenium of universal peace and joy. "At the same time he had been informed that he had been called and chosen as an instrument in the hands of God to bring about some of his marvellous purposes in this glorious dispensation. "It was made known to him that the American Indians were a remnant of Israel ; that when they first came here they were an enlightened people, having a knowledge of the true God; that the prophets and inspired writers amongst them had been re- quired to keep a true record of their history, which had been handed down for many generations, until the people fell into wickedness; when nearly all of them were destroyed, and the records by command of God were safely deposited to preserve them from the hands of the wicked who sought to destroy them. If faithful he was to be the highly favored instrument in bringing these records to liffht. 80 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUls'TY. "The angel now disappeared, leaving him in a state of perfect peace, but visited him several times afterwards, instructing him concerning the great work of God about to commence on earth. He was instructed where these records were deposited, and re- quired to go immediately to view them, Thej^ were found on the side of a hill slightly buried in the earth, secured in a stone box, on the road from Palmyra to Canandagua, in jSTew York, about three miles from the village of Manchester. The records were said to be engraved on gold plates in Egyptian characters ; the plates were of the thickness of tin, bound together like a book, fastened on one side by three rings whi-;;!! run through the whole and formed a volume of about six inches in thickness. And in the same box with them were found two stones, transparent and clear as crystal, the Urim and Thummim used by seers in ancient times, the instruments of revelations of things distant, past, or future. "When the prophet first saw these things, being filled with the Holy Ghost, and standing and admiring, the same angel of the Lord appeared in his presence, and said, 'look ;' and he beheld the devil surrounded by a great train of his associates. He then, after receivins: further directions from the angel, started home to liis father's house, where he was waylaid by two ruffians. One of them struck him with a club, but was repulsed, but they followed him nearly home, when they fled for fear of detection. The news of his discovery got abroad ; the new prophet w^asthe sport of lies, slanders and mobs, and vain attempts to rob him of his plates. He removed to the northern part of Pennsylvania, where he com- menced, with the aid of inspiration and the Urim and Thummim, to translate the plates. He finished a part of which is called the Book of Mormon. It is pretended that Mormon hid all the old records up in the hill of Cumorah, but had first made an abridge- ment of them, w^hich was called the Book of Mormon, and which he gave to his son Moroni to finish. Moroni continued to serve his nation for a few years, and continued the writings of his father until after the great battle of Cumorah, when he kept himself hid, for the Lamanites sought to kill every Nepliite who refused to deny Christ. The story is remarkably well gotten up, and many yet, unhappily, make the foundation of a religion which may roll back upon the world barbarism of eighteen centuries passed away. Whilst there are fools and knaves, there is no telling what may be accomplished by such a religion. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 81 "And the prophet was not without his witnesses. Oliver Cow- dery, Martin Harris and Daniel Whitemore solemnly certify that 'we have seen the plates which contain the records ; that they were translated by the gift and power of God, for his voice has declared it unto us, wherefore we know of a surety that the work is true ; and we declare with words of soberness that an angel of God came down from heaven and brought and laid it before our eyes; that we beheld and saw the plates and the engravings thereon.' "Eight other witnesses certify that 'Joseph Smith, the transla- tor, had shown them the plates spoken of, which had the appear- ance of gold ; and as many of the plates as the said Smith had translated they did handle with their hands, and they also saw the engravings thereon, all of which had the appearance of an- cient work and curious workmanship.' '•The most probable account of these certificates is that the wit- nesses were in the conspiracy, aiding the imposture; but I have been informed by men "who were once in the confidence of the prophet, that he privately gave a different account of the matter. "It is related that the prophet's early followers were anxious to see the plates; the prophet had always given out that they could not be seen by the carnal eye, but must be spiritually discerned ; that the power to see them depended npon faith, and was the gift of God, to be obtained by fasting, prayer, mortification of the flesh, and exercise of the spirit; that so soon as he could see the evidence of a strong and lively faith in any of his followers, they should be gratified in their holy curiosit3\ "He set them to continual prayer and other spiritual exercises to acquire this livel}^ faith, by means of which the hidden things of God could be spiritually discerned, and at last, when he could delay them no longer, he assembled them in a room and produced a box, w^iich, he said, contained the pecious ti'easure. The lid was opened; the witnesses peeped into it, but making no discov- ery, for the box was empty, they said, ' Brother Joseph, we do not see the plates.' The prophet answered them : ' O, ye of lit- tle faith, how long will God bear with this wicked and perverse generation ? Down on your knees, brethren, every one of you, and pray to God for the forgiveness of your sins, and for a holy and a living faith which cometh down from heaven.' The dis- ciples dropped to their knees, and began to pray in the fervency II— 6 82 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. of their spirit, supplicating God for more than two hours with fanatical earnestness ; at the end of which time, looking again into the box, they were now persuaded that they saw the plates, I leave it to the philosophers to determine whether the fumes of an enthusiastic and fanatical imagination are thus capable of blinding the mind and deceiving the senses by so absurd a delu- sion. '•The book of Mormon pretended to reveal the fullness of the Gospel of Jesus Christ, as he delivered it to his people in America. It was to be brought forth by the power of God, and carried to the Gentiles, of whom many were to receive it, and after this the seed of Israel were to be brought into the fold also. It was pretended that pristine Christianity was to be restored, with the gift of prophec}^ witli the gift of tongues, with the laying on of hands to core all manner of diseases. Many were the pretended prophets which this sect brought forth. "Many of the disciples spoke in an outlandish gibberish, which they called the unknown tongue ; others again acted as interpret- ers of this jargon, for it rarely happened that he who was gifted to speak in an unknown tongue was able to understand his own communications ; and many brilliant miracles were pretended to be wrought in the cure of diseases, by the laying on of hands and by the prayer of faith." The main body of the Mormons settled in the neighborhood of IS'auvoo, Hancock County, a few only in McDonough, and these latter remained oidy until it was thought there was an opening for them in the "city of the Saints.'' In the summer of 1843 George Miller, then a member of the Presbyterian Church in Macomb, living in that town, and in the house now owned by James Roberts, corner of East Carroll and Korth Randolph streets, made a trip to ISTauvoo, returning ap- parently with not a very favorable opinion of the "Saints," unless we except Joe Smith, the prophet. Still, as occasion offered, he would refer to the Mormons, and express a desire to again hear them preach. He said to the citizens of Macomb that if they de- sired to hear, he would have Joe Smith come over and preach for them. A few days later he went to the woods, near the present town of Bardolph, in search of blackberries. After a little he threw up his arms, screamed and fell to the ground. He was taken up, a bed was provided, and he was taken home. Dr. J. HISTORY OF M'DONOUrJH COUNTY. 83 J>. Kyle Avus culled in, and relieved him of about a quart of blood, and gave him a good, strong dose of calomel. The beginning of this tit occurred about the middle of the afternoon on Thursday-, and for forty-eight hours he continued to rave. About the middle of the afternoon on Saturday, a couple of men, on horseback, rode up to the square, andmeetiug William Hamilton, now of Bushnell, inquired if he knew where George Miller lived. Being directed to the place, they rode over, and tying their horses, went into the house, knelt down by the bed-side of the sick man, commenced praying in a loud tone. On the conclusion of their prayer, they arose, and laid their hands upon Mr. Miller. This they repeated, calling upoia Mr. M. to have faith — by faith all things were possi- ble. In a few moments he became calm, and soon was sitting up in bed, and the next day was as well as ever, though a little weak. He was indeed well enough to attend the preaching of these Saints, one of whom was the renowned Sydney Rigdon. Whether all tliis was a " put up job" between Mr. Miller and the Saints we know not. Suffice it to say that on Monday morning Mr. Miller Avas baptised in the creek north of town, and in few days he re- moved to Xauvoo and became a leader among the Mormon people. In August, 1843, occurred the Congressional election. Hon. Cyrus Walker and Hon. James P. Hoge were the rival candidates for Congress, and each labored to secure the Mormon vote. This subject is treated elsewhere in this work. During all this time the Mormons had continued to increase in numbers until they had become a powerful body. As they grew in strength, they became arrogant, and, under the assumption that " the earth was the Lord's, and the fullness thereof," and that they being his peculiar people, were entitled to all the fruits of it, the Gentiles having lo rights which they were bound to respect. This doctrine led to considerable trouble between the " Saints" and those who were not disposed to accept it. Much stock disappeared from all parts of the county, a great deal of it being found in the " holy city. '' ]5ut when found, it was extremely difficult to regain possession. Under a provision of the city charter of jS"auvoo, the Mormons enacted "that no writ issued from any other place, for the arrest of any of her citizens, should be recognized in the city, without an approval endorsed thereon by the mayor; that if any public officer, by virtue of any foreign writ, should attempt to make an arrest in the city, without such approval of his process, he should be subject to imprisonment for life ; and that even the 84 HISTORY OF m'dOXOUGH COUNTY. Governor of the State should not have the power of pardoning the- offender without the consent of the mayor." If an attempt was made to obtain property by a writ of replevin, witnesses without number would promptly swear it belonged to some Mormon claimant. The following is a case in point: A gentleman living in the southern part of this county had a valuable horse stolen^ which he afterwards found in Nauvoo, and seized. During the trial resulting therefrom he had sixty witnesses to identity the horse as his property, but the Mormons brought forward seventy to prove that it belonged to some " Saint," and having a prepon- derance of testimony, the Mormon justice decided in favor of his brother. The citizens of Hancock County submitted to this state of affairs until endurance ceased to be a virtue, and the Governor was appealed to for aid. This assistance was asked more especially on account ot the failure to arrest Joseph Smith and other leading Mormons for engaging in a riot in destroying the office of an anti-Mormon paper. A warrant was issued at Carthage and served upon them, when they were taken at once to the Municipal Court of Nauvoo, on a writ of habeas corpus, and discharged from custody. On the twenty-first day of June, 1844, Gov. Ford arrived at Carthage, where he found an armed force assembled, and hourly increasing in numbers, composed of men from Hancock, Mc- Donough, and Schuyler Counties. He immediately placed all under military command of their proper officers. A messenger was then despatched to ISTauvoo, requesting the leaders of the Mormons to send a committee to lay their side of the question before him. Says the Governor in his History : "It appeared clearly, both from the complaints of the citizens and the acknowledgments of the Mormon committee, that the whole proceedings of the Mayor, the Common Council, and the Municipal Court, were irregular and illegal, and not to be endured in a free country ; though perhaps some apology might be made for the court, as it had been repeatedly assured by some of the best lawyers in the State who had been candidates for office before that people, that it had full and competent power to issue writs of habeas corpus in all cases whatever. The Common Council violated the law in assuming the exercise of judicial power; in proceeding ex-parte without notice to the owners of the property;, in proceeding against the property in rem, in not caUing a jury; HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 85 In not swearing all the witnesses ; in not giving the owners of the property, accused of being a nuisance, in consequence of being libelous, an opportunity of giving the truth in evidence: and in fact, by not proceeding by civil suit or indictment, as in other cases of libel. The mayor violated the law in ordering this er- roneous and absurd judgment of the common council to be exe- cuted, and the municipality erred in discharging them from arrest. " As this proceeding touched the liberty of the press, which is Justly dear to any republican people, it was well calculated to raise a great Hame of excitement. And it may well be questioned whether years of misrepresentation by the most profligate news- paper could have engendered such a feeling as was produced by the destruction of this one press. It is apparent that the Mormon leaders but little understood, and regarded less, the true principles of civil liberty. A tree press, well conducted, is a great blessing to a free people. A profligate one is likely soon to deprive itself of all credit and influence by the multitude of falsehoods put forth by it. But let this be as it may, there is more lost to rational liberty by a censorship of the press, by suppressing information proper to be known by the people, than can be lost by an indi- vidual now and then by a temporary injury to his character and influence by the utmost licentiousness. * * >ti * * * * * * "It was asserted that Joe Smith, the founder and head of the Mormon Church, had caused himself to be crowned and anointed king ot the Mormons ; that he had embodied a band of his follow- ers called ' Danites,' who were sworn to obey him as God, and to do his commands, murder and treason not excepted ; that he had instituted an order in the church whereby those who composed it were pretended to be sealed up to eternal life against all crimes, save the shedding of innocent blood, or consenting thereto; that this order was instructed that no blood was innocent blood except that of the members of the church ; and that these two orders were made the ministers of his vengeance, and the instruments of an intolerable tyranny which he had established over his people, and which he was about to extend over the neighboring country. " The people affected to believe that with this power in the hands of an unscrupulous leader there was no safety for the lives or property of any one who opposed him. They attected likewise to believe that Smith inculcated the legality of perjury, or any other crime in defense or to advance the interests of true believers : S6 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. and that himself had set them the example bj' swearing to a false accusation against a certain person for the crime of murder. It was likewise asserted to be a fundamental article of the Mormon faith that God had given the world and all it contained to them as his Saints; that they secretly believed in their rights to all the goodly lands, farms and property in the country ; that at present they were kept out of their rightful inheritance by force ;that con- sequently there was no moral offense in anticipating God's good time to put them in possession by stealing if opportunity offered; that in fact the whole church was a community of murderers, thieves, robbers, and outlaws ; that Joseph Smith had established a bogus factory in ISTauvoo for the manufacture of counterfeit money, and that he maintained about his person a tribe of swin- dlers, blacklegs and counterfeiters to makeit and put it into circu- lation. " It Avas also believed that he had announced a revelation from heaven sanctioning polygamy, by a kind of spiritual wife system,, whereb}^ a man was allowed one wife in pursuance of the laws of the country, and an indefinite number of others to be enjoyed in some mystical and spiritual mode; and that he himself, and many of his followers, had practiced upon the principles of this revela- tion by seducing a large number of women. " It was also asserted that he was in alliance with the Indians of the western territories, and had obtained over them such a control that in case of a war he could command their assistance to murder his enemies. " But tlie great cause of popular fury was that the Mormons at several preceding elections had cast their vote as a unit, thereby making the fact apparent that no one could aspire to the honors of the offices of the country within the sphere of their influence, without their approbation and votes. It appears to be one of the principles upon which they insist upon being governed as a com- munity, to act as a unit in all matters of government and religion. They express themselves to be fearful that if division should be encouraged in politics, it would soon extend to tlieir religion and rend their church with schism and into sects." The result of the various conferences with the Governor was that Smith and some of the leaders of the Mormons agreed to surrender and stand trial at Carthage, under assurance of protec- tion. AVe again quote from Ford's history : HISTORY OF 1\i'dONOUC;H COUNTY. 87 "On tliG twenty-third, or twenty-fourth day of June, Joseph Smith, the mayor of Nauvoo, together with his brother Hiram and all the members of the council, and all others demanded, came into Carthage and surrendered themselves prisoners to the constable on the charge of riot. They all voluntarily entered into a recognizance before the justice of the peace, for their ap- pearance at court to answer the charge, and all of them were dis- charged from custody except Joseph and Iliram Smith, against whom the magistrate had issued a new writ, on a complaint of treason. They were immediately arrested by the constable on this charge, and retained in his custody to answer it. "The overt act of treason charged against them consisted in the alleged levying of war against the State by declaring martial law in iSTauvoo, and in ordering out the legion to resist the j;Oc. B. Edmondson, John G. Stoneking, Thomas E. Smedley, J. J. Smedley, Caleb Husted, John Bundridge, H. V. Craig, Samuel Calvin, Robert Clugston, John McCoy, G. W. Shoop- man, Carrol Lane, John Wilson, Jr., William Venard, C. Pruit, William T.Wells; J. C. Yawter, William Shannon, Russell Riggs, John E. Riggs, John Xankeville, William Thompson, Charles Patrick, M. C. Archer, Nathan Dunsworth, James Dunsworth, Thomas Hunt, Amos Gibson, Arch. Holstein, Robert McCumse}', AVashington Owens, John Patrick, Samuel Dark, John Ferguson, J. Q. McClure, Robert Archer, Robert Hall, G. A. Tayl, William Parks, George A^euard, Peter Riggs, John B. Case, Nimrod Dus- kill, James C. Archer, Jacob Waimac, William T. Archer, John I. Foster, William W. Wilson, John Criep, A. J. Edmonston, James McPeters, William Owens, J. J. Mathews, Samuel Wilson, William Ellis, Hugh B. Smiley, John Monk, Samuel Haney, N. B. Hardin, B. Past, Sanford Past, Jasper Twichell, Joseph Over- ton, G. Hainline, John Ledgerwood, John Purdy, J. II. Hughes, Jacob Humbert, Francis McSpirit, Smith Haines, J. II. Baker, A. C. Bristow, Reuben Harris, Daniel Duncan, D. Bristow, Sylvester Ruddle, Wesley Langford, Preston Anderson, H. Mayhew, James Peak, Robert Dorothy, Lewis Past, J. E. Lansdown, Lorenzo Twichell, D. F. ALartin, S. Stewart, G. G. Guy, William Scott, J. Rollins, William Humbert, William Stickles, Allen Bland, H. S. Head, Hiram Bellew, William D. Mustain, Robert Kellison, William J. Epperson, James D. Eads, E. F. Randall, Xathan Ferris, James P. Birtland, Thomas Speaks, C. A. Brown, AVilliam E. Duncan, Joseph Duncan, William Wilson, Simeon Everett, H. G Woodside, John Hall, Francis McKay, John L. Charter, Henry Dorothy, Redmond Grigsby, Silas Grigsby, David Alton, Henry Alton, Hugh Conner, John Hagerty, William Moss, George Bughman, Philetus Knight, John Bowman, Jonathan Charter, A. L. Bryant, B. B. Head, Ephraim Hammer, Squire Charter, John T. Mustain, Samuel Dunlap, James Ward, James Grigsby, William Grigsby, Adonijah Ilungate, Dotson Scybold, H— 7 98 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUxVTY. John Vance, Isaac Harris, Alva Alton. John Huston, John Dun- can, John L. Gordon, Alexander McCullin, John Gilfrey, Sr., JSTorman Davis, John T. Gilfrey, N". Ilerrin, C. A. Lavs^son, G. A. Farwell, N. Montgomery, T. B. Maury, V. H. Walker, Merritt A. Russell, William L. Broaddus, G. W. Smith, Joseph Long, R. H. Broaddus, Samuel S. Whitmire, Joshua Conrad, J. M. Martin, Thomas Pickett, James Cannon, J. P. Head, David Lawson, Manva Perry, William H. Randolph, J. P. Updegraff, W. H. Kendrick, John Lowry, T. J. Beard, Andrew Lewis, J. E. Wyne, T. M. Luster, Milton Sweeney, B. F. Martin, John L. Anderson, X. McElrath, C. M. Dutfee, W. H. Kyle, Thomas Adcock, William S. Hail, G. W. Watt, William H. Phelps, Henry Towls, William B. Gordon, Martin Read, James B. McCartney, John Wiley, C. W. Dallam, Marshall Rogers, Wesley Freeland, William Ervin, R. M. Bonham, Thomas McElrath, James Walker, James Ander- son, Richard Rowley, Logan Kyle, Daniel D. Rail, J. C. Roberts, Robert Cannon, James B. Kyle, S. C. Watson, James Martin, John Harrow, Samuel McKamy, J. O. C. Wilson, Abner Walker, J. H. Updegraff, Theodore Laughlin, B. R. Hampton, Charles Chandler, Michael Martin, Robert H. Broaddus, William F. McCandless, R. F. Anderson, Joseph Bailey, Gowen Decamp, Daniel Courtwright, Joseph W. McDonald, William Courtwright. O. C. Cannon, R. A. Brazelton, Charles Dunn, R. Garrett, Daniel Sullivan, John M. Sullivan. The following is a copy of an original pass now in the posses- sion of Mrs. Charles R. Hume : Cabthage, June 23, 1844. Permit Joseph L. Blandin to pass and repass to and from Nauvoo, and to bring from thence his son Joseph C. Blandin without molestation. THOS. FORD, Governor and Commander in Chief. Also furnish those persons to bring any of their property with them. THOS. FORD, Governor and Commander in Chief. HISTORY OF m'dOXOUGH COUNTY. 99 CHAPTER X. A NEWSPAPER AND A RAILROAD. In the spriug of 1844, occurred the greatest fall of water ever known in the western country. The Mississippi river was higher than ever known before or since. All the streams in the county were over their banks; but little planting was clone and not a halt crop raised. B, R, Hampton, Esq., before the rains began to fall went to Ohio on a visit. Returning, he left the boat at Frederick, but could secure no conveyance to this county, and was therefore compelled to return on foot. The few bridges in the county were all washed away or covered with water : even small streams like Kill Jordan were too high to ford. Mr. H. was com- pelled to strap his clothes upon his back and swim across each. In 1847, a State election was held for members of the Constitu- tional Convention, which convention prepared and submitted to the people a new constitution which was adopted by a large major- ity. By this constitution, in place of the County Commissioners' Court, a County Court was organized in each county. This court consisted of a County Judge, and if the legislature saw proper to so order it, two Associate Justices. This the legislature favorably acted upon. The last meeting of the County Commissioners' Court was held September 3 — 8, 1849, Joel Pennington, C. C. Hungatc, and Samuel Calvin being members, all of whom were present. After the transaction of such business as properly came before them, they adjourned "until court in course," but never re-assembled. On the third day of December, of the same year, the first regu- lar term of the County Court was held. The duties of this court in a legislative capacity, were precisely the same as those of the County Commissioners' Court. The court itself consisted of a 100 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. County Judge and two Associate Justices. In addition to the legislative powers, the members of this court were permitted to exercise judicial authority, having all the rights and privileges of Justices of the Peace, together Avith all probate business. Hon. James Clarke was elected the first County Judge to serve four years. The first Associate Justices were Charles K. Hume and C. C. Hangate, Blandinsville. Ko business was transacted at this first term, save the allowance of a few bills and the appointment of viewers to view and locate certain roads. The court was in session three days. In 1851 the subject of a railroad was extensively agitated in this county. A charter had been granted by the State for the building of the Northern Cross Railroad, running from Meredosia to Springfield. It was proposed, under the provisions of this charter, to build a branch of this road through McDonough Coun- ty, having its terminus at Clayton, in Adams county. The ter- minus was afterwards changed to Quincy. In the fall of this year George W. Smith and Theodore L. Terry started a paper in Macomb called the McDonough Inde- pendent. This sheet proposed to be "independent in all things ; jieutral in nothing," and was edited with considerable ability by George W. Smith, the senior proprietor. Mr. Smith was a whole- souled, jovial fellow, and withal a talented man — himself his worst enemy. In the files of this paper, now in possession of J. M. Campbell, Esq., to which we had access, there are flashes of wit equal to any "take oft'" of George D. Prentice, the Danbury man, or other wit of modern times. Mr. Smith came to an un- timely end by a fall from the fourth story window of a hotel in Hannibal, Missouri, about the year 1864 or 1865. The paper had an existence of about four years and a half. The last year it re- nounced " independency " and became a firm supporter of the Democratic party; but, in consequence of a disagreement be- tween Mr. S. and some of the leaders of that party in the county,, patronage was withdrawn from him and the paper ceased to ex- ist. During the days of railroad excitement it was a consistent and earnest advocate of the road, and did much in influencing the people in its favor. The following we copy from it under date of October 10, 1851: '-'■ Raiiroads . — Reader, steam is up ! The people of the county of McDonough want and will have a railroad. The age is progress- ive, and they must keep up. Our neighbors all around us are HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 101 * ridiii' on a rail,' and we must enjoy the same means of locomo- tion. The prairies have been trackless, but they shall remain so no longer, come what may we are bound to have a railroad. A rail- road ! what an invention ! what a blessing ! See yon ' iron horse,' w^ith his nostrils breathing tire, his long and shaggy mane, in the «hape of smoke, streaming far behind, while in his might and strength, with his ' train' in the rear, becomes careering through yon ' neck of timber,' now over that creek, now across the prairie, now again in timber, until in half the time it has taken us to write it, here he is in Macomb, brought up ' all standing,' with his freight of bachelors and babies, married men and mules, ladies and live stock, dry goods and Dutch ! Oh, what a rumpus, what a din ! But still what a t/wig a railroad is. "But to be serious. What is to be done in regard to the pro- posed road from Quincy to Macomb, and from here toGalesburg? The time for stopping to consider the policy of such an enterprise has passed away; and the benefits to be derived from such a means of communication are held to be too self-evident to need any addi- tional argument advanced in their favor, for who, say we, cannot eee in the advanced price of land, in the advantage of a ready market, in the increased facilities of communication, in the spread of general intelligence, in the cheapened and quickened mode of transportation, a sufficient inducement to wish such an undertak- ing success, and say that its benefits are beyond dispute ? Perhaps the facts of these truths being so plain and undeniable, has led to the lethargy and inaction of our people. But we must awake from our stupor ; measures must be taken for the securing of stock, of having the county become a stockholder to a liberal amount; of getting individuals, who need only the solicitation of some ac- tive friend of the road, to become deeply interested in its comple- tion. Then, friends of the road, be up and doing ; farmers of Mc- Donough, your interests are at stake, see that you neglect them not; merchant and mechanic, your welfare, too, is bound up in this scheme — with it will come your prosperity, without it you must lose immensely! Then, again say we, let us all at work ! Let our untiring zeal and determined efforts show that we desire what we need, and must have A Railroad." Meetings were held for the purpose of creating an interest in the proposed railroad. On Wednesday evening, Xovember 5th, 1857, Hon. Calvin A. Warren, of Quincy, and General J)arnell, of Hancock county, addressed the citizens of Macomb upon this 102 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. important subject. A committee was appointed to confer with the directors of the road, and at an adjourned meeting the next evening it was resolved to ask the County Court to appoint an election at some suitable time, at which the people could vote on the question of taking stock in the road to the amount of fifty thousand dollars. At another meeting held December 1, sub- stantially the same proposition was adopted, and on the second day of December, Hon. B. R, Hampton appeared before the County Court and presented the following resolution : liesolred, That we respectfully request the Honorable County Court in and for the County of McDonough and State of Illinois, to submit to the people of said county a proposition to vote for or against the County of McDonough taking stock to the amount of fifty thousand dollars in the proposed railroad from Clayton to Galesburg, and that they be solicited to fix upon the third Monday in the month of March, A. D., 1852, for the purpose of taking said vote. The Court thereupon made the following order : Therefore it is ordered by the Court that the said proposition be submitted to the citizens of McDonough as requested in said resolution, and that the Clerk of this Court order an election to be held at the several election precincts in said county, on the thii'd Monday in the month of March next, to take the vote of the county for and against the county taking stock in said railroad to the amount of fifty thousand dollars ; and that the Clerk issue the notices of said election in the time and manner required by law ; and that said election be held and conducted in all respects as other general and special elections required by the statutes are held and conducted. It is further ordered that the resolutions and proceedings of said meetings be filed by the Clerk. The work now began in earnest. lion. James M. Campbell, Dr. J. B. Kyle, B. R. Hampton, J. B. UpdegrafF, L. H. AVaters, and others favorable to the road, at once began the canvass. Mr. Campbell and Dr. Kyle travelled together, making speeches in nearly every school house in the county. Being in the dead of winter, travel was almost impossible, and had to be done upon horseback. Still they were undaunted, and bound to secure the road, if possible. The opponents of the road were not idle in the meantime, but used every means in their power to influence the people against it. At a meeting held in Industry, addressed by Dr. Kyle and Mr. Campbell, an opportunity was given in which to hear objections, when the Hon. Cyrus Walker boldly took a stand against the road, and, not content with that, followed the gentleman to Ben- nington's Boint, and in a speech of an hour's length, endeavored to show the fallacies of the arguments advanced in favor, and made many objections against the proposed improvement. The recollection of the gigantic failures of the State in its system of HISTORY OF m'donough county. 103 public improvement had not been forgotten, and Mr. Walker endeavored to show what might be the consequence should our county be so unwise as to vote the proposed aid. In answer to this plea, Dr. Kyle stated it reminded him of the story of the old woman who sent her little girl out to attend the fire in the old- fashioned brick oven, while she prepared the dough for baking. Not returning, the mother became alarmed and went out to look for her. The fire was burning brightly in the oven, but no child Avas to be seen. Hearing a cry of distress around the other side of the house, the alarmed mother hastened to the place, supposing her child to be in great danger. iShe found her weeping bitterly, and hastily inquired: "My daughter, what is the matter? " "O, mother, " said she, " I was just thinking if I was a great big woman, just like you, and was married, and had a little girl, just like me, and while I was in the house making bread, I should send her out to fix the fire, and she should come out, with a smile upon her face, and crawl right into the fire, and get all burned up, what a terrible thing it would be ! " At another meeting held in Industry, as an illustration show- ing the flimsiness of the opposition against railroads and other improvements, the doctor told how certain Germans and others living on the line of a proposed canal opposed it on the ground that they had a large amount of money invested in horses and wagons, and if the canal should be built, there would be no em- ployment for them. The canal was built, and they found they could obtain just as much employment as before, and at better prices. Mr. Walker, in reply, spoke of the doctor taking to water, and boasted of driving him into the Miami canal, and stated that he would acknowledge that canals were a public benefit, but not so railroads. He was then asked why it was that no canals were now being built and railroads were being constructed throughout the whole land. This was not answered. At a public meeting in Macomb, held in the Court House, Mr. AValker remarked that he had been informed by a couple of prominent merchants in the town that one train of cars could carry away all the surplus products of McDonongh County, raised in one year, or that David Rail and Harry Perry, two well known teamsters in the town, could likewise remove all its surplus pro- duce, carry it forty miles to a market and return with all the mer- chandise required by the inhabitants. Such being the case, said Mr. W., what use have we for a railroad ; of what benefit will it 104 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. be ? He farther stated if the audience desired to know the names of the two merchants he could give them; they were Jonathan H. Baker and John W. Westfall. Mr. Baker was a very strong opponent of the road, and in March 1852, contributed an article to the McDonough Independent relating a pretended conversation overheard in the Post Office between Farmer Bangs and one of the committee appointed to canvass the county in aid of the pro- posed road, in which the farmer has the best of the argument, of course. At Blandinsville one of the speakers compared this section of country, with its unsurpassed soil, its line timber and abundance of coal, with the country between Chicago and Galena, the latter country having a railroad, the former none. In one year from the time the railroad was completed betw^een Chicago and Galena the country lying along its route increased in population three hun- dred per cent., and in wealth four hundred per cent., and asked if it could be accounted for in any other way than on account of her railroads. Del. Martin, a prominent citizen of the place, suggested it might be on account of that country being settled by the Yan- kees. Ever afterward the speaker made good use of Mr. Martin's reply to his question. When in a neighborhood composed prin- cipally of those emigrating from the South, he would ask them if they would acknowledge such a conclusion was correct. " Have these Yankees," said he, " more enterprise than you? Is that the way you account for this prosperity ? No, sir ; it all results from their having the advantages afforded by a railroad." When in a Yankee settlement, he would ask them if they could not see the force of Mr. Martin's reply. "These Yankees," said he, " under- stand fully the laws of trade, and naturally go where they will be sure of a good market for their products. In this they show their shrewd, common sense. Will you not follow and profit by their example ?" As the day of election drew near, those favoring the road were fearful of the result. The county had not been thoroughly can- vassed, and the people were slow to vote aid for any purpose. If the question could be brought fairly and squarely before them in order that they might see the advantages to be derived in the building of the proposed road, there could be no doubt of secur- ing a majority of votes in aid of its construction. It was therefore resolved by friends to secure, if possible, a postponement of the election. A petition to that effect was })resented to the County HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 105 Court, and that body, on the sixth day of March, 1852, revoked their former order for an election on the third Monday in that month, and made order for an election Saturday, May 2'J, for or against taking $50,000 stock in the Northern Cross Railroad. Renewed efforts were now made by the friends of the road, who worked day and niglit, for its success. As a result there were 817 votes cast for, and 644 against issuing the bonds, a majority in its favor of 173. The McDonough Independent, in speaking of this vote, says : " It may not be generally known that old McDonough polled 200 more votes than an at any former election. This vote should stimulate to action every citizen of McDonough, for it is a sure and certain index of the growing prosperity of our county. We venture the prediction that in ten years from this date we will, in number, almost double the vote just polled. ' So, look out for the cars when the bell rings.' " This prediction was more than fulfilled in eight years, viz: In 1860 the vote of the county was 4,638, or more than three times the number in 1852. This shows the value of the road. A year or more passed away, and still no road. Its friends were almost in despair, and its enemies jubilant — the soothing phrase, " I told you so," was repeated over and over again to the friends of the road until it became almost monotonous. The dif- ficulty in securing eastern capital was the only impediment in the way — capitalists c^ould not realize it would be for them a judicious investment. The President of the road, Hon. IST. Bushnell, made repeated visits east to secure this aid, but without success. The first contract made by the road with this county was to the effect that, in its corporate capacity, it should subscribe $50,000 to its stock, issuing therefor its bonds, having thirty years to run, and bearing six per cent interest. We presume arrangements were made with other counties on the proposed line of the road upon the same conditions. Mr. Bushnell found it utterly impossible to obtain money to complete the road upon such terms. The ques- tion now arose as to what should be done. Must the road be al- lowed to fail ? Its friends said " Xo ; " its enemies said, " How can you help it?" Individual subscriptions to the amount of S52,500 had been secured in this county for the building of the road, thus showing that our citizens felt a great interest in the success of the enterprise. It must be borne in mind that at this time there was not to exceed 8,000 inhabitants in the county, and they were of the poorer class, and to them this was a large sura. 106 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. Armugemeiits were finally made with eastern capitalists upon conditions thought favorable by Mr. Bushnell, and upon the twenty-ninth da}' of June, 1853, at a meeting of the Board of Directors of the road, held in the city of Quincy, the following resolutions were passed and certified to the County Court of McDonough County, at a special session held in Macomb, July 6, 1853: Itenolccd. That in locating and constructing the Raih-oad from Quincy to Galesburg, the faith of the Company is hereby jjledged that the location shall Ije so made as to make Macomb, in McDonough County, a point on the line. Resolved, That in case McDonough County will, in its corporate capacity, in lieu of the $50,000 already voted, subscribe !f 7.5,000 to the capital stock of the Company, payable in bonds bearing eight per cent interest, the Company will agree to pay until the road is put in operation the whole distance from Quincy to Galesburg, all the interest which may accrue on said bonds, over and above the $3000 annual interest which would accrue on the bonds already voted, so that no additional tax will l)e required in consequence of this increase of the County subscription. The interest thus advanced and paid by the Com- pany to be hereafter refunded out of the surplus dividends which may be declared on the County stock, after providing for the interest thereafter accruing on the bonds. The Board thereupon passed the following order : Whekeas, by an act of the Legislature of the State of Illinois entitled '"An act supple- mental to 'An act entitled an act, to provide for a general system of Railroad Incorpora- tions,' approved November G, 1849." The several counties in the State are authorized in the manner therein provided to subscribe to the cai^ital stock of any railroad compa- ny then organized or thereafter to be organized under any law of this State, to an amount not exceeding one hundred thousand dollars ; and whereas the Court has been requested by a large number of respectable citizens and voters of this county to take the necessary steps to procure the vote of this county, at the earliest practicable period for or against the subscription by the said county of seventy-five thousand dollars to the capital stock of the Northern Cross Railroad Company, for the purpose of aiding in the construction of the railroad of said company from the citj^ of Quincy on the Mississippi river, to the town of Galesburg, in Knox county. And Whereas, it is the opinion of this Court, and es they believe a large majority of the citizens and voters of the county, that the early completion of said railroad is of paramount importance for the future growth, improvement, and prosperity of the county : and that it is their interest and duty, to aid by all reasonable means and to the extent of their ability, in raising the means necessary to secure the success of this imjiortant en- terprise. It is therefore by the Court ordered, unanimously, that Isaac Grantham, Esq., the clerk of this Court, be directed to give such notice as shall be lawful of an election, to be held in the usual place of voting in the several precincts of said county on Saturday the twen- tieth day of August, A. D. 18,')3, for the purpose of ascertaining the wishes of citizens, voters of said county, in reference to the subscription of said county of seventy-five thousand dollars, to the capital stock of the Northern Cross Railroad Company ; for the purpose of aiding the construction of said railroad from Quincy to Galesburg ; said sub- scription to be paid in the bonds of said county at their par value : and payable twenty years after their respective dates to the Northern Cross Railroad Company, or bearer, with interest at the rate of eight per cent per annum ; payable semi-annually, according to interest coupons to be thereto annexed ; both jjrincipal and interest being payable in HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 107 the city of New York ; and said bonds to be issued to the said railroad company from time to time in discharge of the regular assessments made on stock subscription, as they may fall due. Said election to conform to the provisions of the act mentioned in the foregoing preamble ; and to be held and conducted in other respects, and the votes counted and returns thereof made, by the judges and clerks of said election as in elec- tions for State and County officers. And it is also further unanimously ordered, that in case the citizens and voters of the county of said election, shall duly authorize a subscription by the county of the said seventy-five thousand dollars, to the capital stock of said railroad company, for the pur- poses aforesaid, that the former vote of the county to subscribe fifty thousand dollars to the stock of said company, shall thereby be revoked, cancelled, and annulled. The friends of the road went immediately to work, the result being, when the vote was counted upon the evening ot August 20, there were eleven hundred and forty-five votes for and two hun- dred and eighty-five against the stock. The city of Quincy, but a few days before, by a vote of eleven hundred and thirty-two to three, voted an additional $100,000, making a total amount for that city of $200,000. In the fall of 1855 theiron horse made its first appearance in the county, and by January, 1856, the road was completed to Gales- burg, where connections were made with the Central Military Tract Railroad to Chicago. From this date McDonough county has continued to make rapid progress, and we are fully convinced that no one regrets the aid rendered, though by the foreclosure of the mortgage on the road the entire amount of stock taken by the county, and by individual citizens, was lost. Property advanced rapidly in price, emigration poured in, new farms were opened, and a market was obtained for all surplus produce raised. Else- where we give a resume of the business of the road since 1871 up to January 1, 1876, the Chicago fire destroying the books of the company previous to that date. 108 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. CHAPTER XI. HOME LIFE AND AMUSEMENTS. The manners and customs of our forefathers are always fraught with peculiar interest, and read of with pleasure and profit by all. If we compare the places of abode of our fathers with those of to-day, and the customs of those days with our own, we are apt to regard those of the past in an unfavorable light. But by outward appearance alone, things cannot safely be judged. Many things appear outwardly beautiful which inwardly are the reverse — " without are fair, within full of dead men's bones." We have not yet given a description of the dwellings of our fathers, so here goes. Imagine a house about sixteen feet square, seven and a half feet high, built up with large round or square logs, and covered with clapboards, held on by huge weight poles, the cracks in the walls filled with mud, which would occasionally fall out, when the wind would whistle merrily through the door (for there was but one) made of rough boards, with a wooden latch, the string of which always hung out, a sign of welcome to the weary traveler and the kind neighbor, and you have the exterior, ■except that upon one side there was a small window, large enough for a sash containing six eight by ten lights, sometimes with glass in them, but often covered with greased paper. In the interior you will find upon one side the huge fire place, large €nough to contain a back log as heavy as any man would care to €arry, and holding enough wood to supply an ordinary stove a week ; on either side are hung pots and kettles, and over all a mantle, on which stands the tallow-dip, to " give light to all who are in the house," but which will hardly compare with the gas jets of this day; the " little brown jug," which was not so little, either, and generally well filled with a liquid which teetotalers decline ; in one corner the larger bed for the oldfolks, under HISTORY OF m'dONOUOII COUNTY. 109 which the trundle bed tor the younger members of the family; in another corner stands the old-fashioned large spinning wheel, with a smaller one by its side; in another tlie pine table, on which three times a day the food of the family was placed, and which was rapidly taken therefrom by the individual members thereof; in still another may be seen the cumbersome loom; over the door hangs the ever-trustful rifle and powder horn, ready for instant use; while around the room are scattered a few splint-bot- tomed chairs and three-legged stools; a rude cupboard holding the glass and queensware completes the furniture — everything of the simplest and rudest manufacture. And yet these homes, simple and rude as they were, were inhabited by a kind and true- hearted people. They were strangers to mock modesty, and tha traveler seeking lodging for the night, or desirous of spending a few days in the community, if willing to accept the offerings of honest hearts, always found welcome. The people were industri- ous from dire necessity. All who were old enough were usefully employed. Children were inured to toil and labor — while the lot of the women was hard indeed. Upon them devolved the prep- aration of the daily food, and from a very scant larder ; they were required to weave the linen and woolsey, prepare the flax, cotton and wool with their own hands, making almost the entire ward- robe ot the family — some really doing it all. It was a life pecu- liarly trying and wearying to them, yet borne with patience and thankfulness. The family bible was another article found in almost every home, and the minister of the gospel appearing, the two served to- turn the thoughts of the people in the right direction. To these influences we ascribe in a great measure the prosperity of the county, and the better moral sentiment that has usually prevailed. Without such influence men would be barbarians; closely allied to this influence is a desire for knowledge that must be appeased. We therefore And the schoolteacher following closely in the wake of the minister, and schools were established in every neighborhood where a sufficient number of children could be brought together to warrant the services of an instructor. The cultivation of the flax was an important item with the early settlers ; cotton was raised to some extent, while sheep raising was never neglected. The entire clothing of many fami- lies was manufactured from these staple sources into cloth by the prudent and tireless housewife. 110 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. The flax was often pulled by the women; and, after the seed had been thrashed out, was spread on the grass to rot; and, when rotted sufficiently, was bound in bundles and dressed ; that is, the flax and tow were separated. Scarcely any crop, while growing, was more beautiful than the flax. From one-halt to two bushels of seed was sown on an acre, and the crop amounted to about two hundred pounds. Cotton was less extensively raised, especially after the big snow of 1830, though many tamilies raised enough for their own use. Great trouble wa^ experienced for many years in the raising of sheep, on account of the great number of wolves that infested the country. But, notwithstanding this, enough wool was secured for home use. One article largely manufactured, was called ^'linsey-woolsey." It was made of equal parts of cotton and wool, and colored according to the taste of the manufacturer. The exquisite shades and delicate colors shown in the dress goods of to-day were not observed in those times, our mothers being content with good, solid colors. There were few houses where the large and small spinning wheel and the cumbersome loom were not found, together taking up more room than all the rest of the furniture. Having all these implements and manufacturing so much of their own clothing, our fathers and mothers were almost independent of the rest of the world. To-day all this is changed. The buzz of the little spinning wheel, the whirr ot the larger ones, and the mo- notonous click of the loom are heard no more. They are ban- ished to the attic or given over to destruction. While our fathers and mothers toiled hard, they were not averse to a little relaxation, and had their seasons for fun and en- joyment. If they did not receive the oft-repeated visits of the theatrical or minstrel troupe, the wonderful magician, or the man with the " intelligent ants," they yet contrived to do something to break the monotony of their daily life and furnish them with a good hearty laugh. Among the more general forms oi amusements was the "quilt- ing bee," the corn-husking, or " corn-shucking," as generally called in this country, and the " apple-paring." Our young read- ers will doubtless be interested in a description of these forms of amusements, where labor was made to aftbrd fun and enjoyment to all participating. " Quilting-bee," as its name indicates, was where the industrious qualities of that busy little insect that HISTORY OF m'oonough county. Ill *' improves each shining hour " was exemplified in manufacturing quilts for the household. In the afternoon the ladies for miles around gathered at the appointed place, and while their tongues would not cease to play, their hands were busily employed in making the quilt, and a desire was always manifested to get it out as quickly as possible, for then the fun would begin. In the eve- ning the gentlemen came, and the hours would then pass swiftly by in playing some boisterous yet innocent game, or in the dance. "Corn-husking" was where both sexes united in the husking. They usually assembled in a large barn which was prepared for the occasion, and when each gentleman had selected a lady part- ner the husking began. When a lady found a red ear she was entitled to a kiss from every gentleman present ; if a gentleman found one he was allowed to kiss every lady present. This fea- ture of the general programme was particularly enjoyable, and a source of unlimited fun and frolic. After the corn was all husked the floor was cleared, the old violin brought out, tuned up, and the merry dance begun, usually lasting until " broad day light in the morning." "Apple-paring " often called the young folks together when the apples were pared for the winter's sauce. The same kind of sport was enjoyed after the supply was obtained, as in the case of husking and quilting bees. " The little brown jug" spoken of as having a place upon the mantle, was often brought into requisition, it affording a means of enjoyment that nothing else could supply. No caller was permitted to leave the house without an invitation to partake of its contents ; not to so invite was a breach of hospitality not to be thought of for a moment. It was brought out upon all conceiv- able occasions, and freely dispensed to old and young alike, with no thought of danger. It was a thing of prime importance in all the assemblages of men — at log rollings, huskings, house raisings, &c. It was essential at all births, and even at funerals. It has often seemed a great wonder to us that the entire country was not devoted to drunkenness, for in the early settlement of all its parts, the same universal custom prevailed. No one then seemed to think there could be danger ; now and then a drunkard was made, but he was more pitied for his misfortune than for his want of manhood or self-control; it was not the use but only the abuse of it that seemed wrong. It was thought impossible to work 112 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. without it, and it was therefore always present, and the drunken broils occasioned by its use were soon forgotten. Hunting was a favorite pastime of the men. Game was killed more, however, for amusement than to supply the wants and necessities of their families. House-raisings furnished another occasion for assemblage and enjoyment. Buildings were then made of such massive timbers that it required a large force of men to erect them, which was was done solely by muscular power, all the appliances of modern inventions for this purpose being entirely ignored if not unknown. On these occasions liquor was always free to all present. These raisings were usually important events in every neighborhood, and people from far and near came to witness and enjoy them. Log-rolling was another mode of useful recreation. When a man had felled the timber on a considerable space of ground, covered as it was with a large growth, it was impossible for him, without aid, to get the logs together so as to burn them. He therefore made a log rolling and invited all his neighbors, who came, and with good will and strong muscles, brought the logs together, the work ending with a good supper and a social good time. Election days were observed as holidays. The men came to town, voted, drank whiskey, smoked, swore, wrestled and tough t, all for a little fun. Look as we may upon 1;he questionable amusements of the early times, we know that kind hearts, neighborly acts and universal good will for all mankind was a genuine passion, and therefore we forbear all criticisms. HISTORY OF m'dONOU(;H COUNTY 113 CHAPTER XII. ■VARIOUS MATTERS The crime of murder has been rare in this county ; in fact, we believe that in proportion to its population there has been less crime in McDonough than in any other county in the State. Oc- casionally we are shocked with the announcement of a terrible murder committed in our midst. This was true on the morning of the twenty-eighth day of May, 1854. On the evening before at about nine o'clock, the alarm was given that James Dye, a wealthy farmer living in the west part of the county on a farm known as the "Prentiss farm," was murdered. ISTeighbors of the deceased at once gathered, and an investigation was made, when it was discovered that Mr. Dye had been killed while lying in bed. An inquest was held upon the body by S. H. McCandless, the coroner of the county. After examining the body and care- fully investigating the matter, the jury returned a verdict that the deceased came to his death by violent and unlawful means ; by the hands of his own wife Rebecca, assisted by two accessories, David B. Burress and S. P. Ray, all of whom were immediately arrested and committed to the county jail to await a hearing be- fore the Circuit Court. On the tenth day of October following the grand jury of the county found a true bill of indictment against the above parties. The case being called in the Circuit Court, a continuance was granted until the next term of the court. At this term a change of venue was granted to David P. Burress, to Warren County, and Mrs. Dye, to Fulton county. A nolle prosequi was entered iu the case of Ray and he was discharged from custody. Mrs. Dye was duly tried at the April term of the Circuit Court of Fulton county, the trial lasting nine days. It was probably the H— 8 114 HISTORY OF m'dONOUCtH COUNTY. most exciting one that ever took place in that county. The court room was crowded at every session, many ladies being con- stantly in attendance. The counsel for the people were Messrs. Goudy, of Fulton, Wheat, of Adams, and Schofield & Mack, ot Hancock. For the defense, Mrs. Dye secured the services of Messrs, Manning, of Peoria, Kellogg & Ross, of Fulton, and Cy- rus Walker, of McDonough. Probably a better array of coun- sel could not have been secured in the entire State of Illinois. They were all able men. William C. Goudj opened the case for the people, lie told the jury that they "were called upon to discharge the most solemn duty that ever devolved upon man, in the discharge of which in- volved the lile or death of a human being. The evidence they had to oft'er was purely circumstantial. ISlo living being was known who saw the inhuman crime committed. But circumstantial evi- dence, in many cases, was better than positive testimony — the guilty mind always acts inconsistent with its innocence, and this marks out its t.)wn accusation. This is one of God's marks upon crime. To hunt out, follow up, and arrest a criminal are its daily uses. By its aid the police of our cities are constantly bringing to light and arresting the perpetrators of evil deeds, who would otherwise continue their crimes unmolested The prisoner before you is indicted for the murder of her own husband. The deceased came to his death by a blow upon the head from an axe or ham- mer, or from a slung-shot in the breast, or from both. Three persons are named in the bill of indictment, but you have only to inquire as to the guilt of the prisoner before you. We expect to show acts and words between Burress and the prisoner that will show their connection with the murder, and bring to your mind uncontrovertable evidence of the prisoner's guilt. Should we do 80, you have but one duty to perform, and that we shall expect at your hands." Cyrus Walker, for the defense, opened the cairc, and spoke sub- stantially as follows : " The arrangement has been made by the counsel for the defense that I should make the opening statement. I affree with the e-entlcmen that this is an important case. You, gentlemen, are to decide a momentous question. The Emperor of the Russias possesses no more power over the life of his subjects than you have over the life of that lady. Her life is in your hands. You can hang her up between the heavens and the earth, or you can send her home to her children, from whom she has been torn HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 115 by the iron rule of the law. You must expect the case will be somewhat tedious ; the issues involved are such it cannot be other- wise. That woman before you, whose lite you hold in your hands, is accused ot an unnatural crime. The difference between murder and manslaughter has been fully and accurately stated to 3'^ou by my friend, and it is in your province to lind her guilty of either, if the evidence should thus convince you. Certainty, beyond a reasonable doubt, is required in all criminal cases — the law rejects preponderance. James Dye, the deceased, was a man be- tween seventy and eighty years of age. lie was married twice. 13y his first wife he had twelve children. Six years ago he was married to the accused, by whom he had three children, one at the breast at the time of his murder. On Saturday, the twenty- seventh ot May last, he was found dead in his bed, shot through the breast, and his skull fractured just above the left eye. As is very natural in such a case, there was much anxiety to find out the perpetrators of the deed. Suspicion took the smallest circumstance and magnified it; and the natural disposition in every community to find out the cause — that restless, eager energy that seizes every point — directed attention toward the accused. I warn you, gentle- men, against such restless eagerness, against that suspicion that blights without investigation, and condemns without proof. There is no contest here, but as to who murdered Dye. James Dye was a large farmer, a hard working man. I am bound to do justice to the living. I must speak of the faults of the dead. The deceased was an honest, industrious man, but he sadly neglected the educa- tion of his children — their moral and intellectual trainino- was un- provided for ; while his great aim was to accumulate property. He had frequent quarrels with his sons, fights and law suits. These en- gendered a bitter feeling between them, which often led to vio- lence. After the old man's death, the boys were active to show the prisoner's guilt — they charged her with the murder and hinted of circumstances to cast suspicion upon her. The old man died intestate. There was a large dower coming to the prisoner. They had various motives to induce them to be forward in settling opin- ion against the accused. Knowing their previous quarrels, they sought to divert suspicion from themselves, and have sought every means to throw the guilt upon the prisoner. The prosecution has stated the rules of evidence. I wish only to add, as the enormity of the crime increases, so the character of the proof should be more certain. There never was a greater error committed than 116 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. that from the pen of Dr. Paley, when he said that circumstantial! evidence could not lie. It was a tine theory, and having received the sanction of so great a mind, has been handed down as incon- trovertible. One ounce of sober sense upon such a point is better than the speculative wisdom of the world. Remember, you are not to enquire who murdered James Dye, nor, if she didn't, who- did? You are only to decide as to the prisoner's guilt." Some eighty or ninety witnesses had been summoned and were- duly examined. As outlined in the remarks of the attorneys,^ the prosecution endeavored to prove criminal intercourse, or at least criminal intentions, on the part of Burress and the accused ;: and that they might more surely and securely carry out their evil designs, it was necessary to get the old man out of the way. That they made a strong case against the accused cannot be denied. The defense, on the other hand, brought forward witnesses to prove the good character of their client, showing how she many times acted as peace-maker between the old man -and his sons; how the old man regarded her as worthy of all confidence, giving her all the money she wished for, and making her his " banker," as he said ; how that, in nature, he could live but a little while, and that his intention was to leave all his property to the accused and her children ; that the supposed facts, as set forth by the prosecution, was entirely inconsistent with the state of affairs as they existed. The case was ably argued on both sides. After being out fifteen hours the jury brought in a verdict of guilty, and sentenced the accused to five years in the penitentiary. It is said that on the first ballot the jury stood four for acquittal and eight for conviction, and the verdict, as given, was a compromise. Mrs. Dye was in due time removed to the State's prison, but on account of uniform good conduct, and on the recommendation of the Warden, she was pardoned long before the expiration of her term. As to her guilt or innocence, we are not prepared to judge ; suflice it to sa}^, that, on receiving her pardon, she returned to Macomb, where she resided for many years, enjoying, we believe, the respect of all who knew her. She died in the year 1874. The success attending the vote on the proposition of taking stock in the Northern Cross Railroad, and the certainty of its early completion, made the people enthusiastic on the subject of railroads, and the belief became general, that, with their aid, the county would become very wealthy and populous within a few HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 117 years. Other railroads had been projected, and their companies ■were desirous of running their lines so as to obtain the most money — a straight line being no object if a larger amount could be ob- tained by deviations. On the seventh day of December, 1855, a petition was presented to the County Court, praying that it be submitted to a vote for or against taking subscription to the cap- ital stock of the Wabash and Mississippi Eailroad to the amount •of $75,000. The prayer of the petitioners was granted, and a vote Avas ordered for the twenty-sixth day of January, 1856. The vote was taken, resulting in the defeat of the proposition. This did not dishearten the friends of the project, and on the seventh day of June another petition was presented, signed by a large number of voters, for the purpose of having submitted the prop- osition of voting aid to the amount of $100,000 to the Wabash & Mississippi and the Rock Island and Alton Eailroads, $50,000 to each. The pray.er of the petitioners was granted, (Silas J. Grigsby dissenting), and the election was ordered to be held on the fourth day of August. The conditions of the proposition to be voted on were that Macomb should be a point in both of the above named roads, and that no bonds should be issued until the roads were completed to Macomb. On the twenty-eighth day of June, at a special session of the County Court, Charles R. Hume, of Blandinsville, presented a petition, signed by a large number of citizens, praying that the Court would amend or change its former order, made on the sev- enth day of the present month, so as to make the towms of Blan- dinsville and Bushnell points in the Wabash and Mississippi Rail- roads, instead of Macomb. The prayer of the petitioners w^as refused. This led to the defeat of the proposed measures. On the sixth day of September still another petition was pre- sented to the Court, and an order made for voting on the proposi- tion of taking stock to the amount of $50,000 to the Rock Island and Alton Railroad on the same conditions as previously stated, viz : that Macomb should be made a point. The election, was held on the fourth day of Xovember, and was carried by a re- spectable majority. At a meeting of the County Court on the sixth day of Septem- ber, this same year, J. M. Clark and one hundred and thirty-six other legal voters of the county presented a petition praying that an order be made for an election to be held on the fourth day of November, that a vote might be taken upon the proposition of 118 HISTORY OF m'dOXOUGH COUNTY. adopting the township organization law. The prayer of the peti- tioners was granted, the election held, resulting in a mnjoritj in favor of the adoption of the law. At the December term of the Court an order was made appoint- ing commissioners to divide the county into tow^ns, or townships, and Levi II. Bradbury, of Prairie City, Harrison Ilungate, of Blandinsville, and William R. Downen, of Industry, were ap- pointed. The commissioners reported, dividing the county as it at present stands, save Prairie City and Bushnell townships were then one and called by the former name. The old jail becoming too small, and inconvenient in many par- ticulars, the County Court decided upon building a new one. The contract was immediately let. Hector McLean taking the stone work, and W. O. Thomas & Co. the brick and wood work, and Ingram & Painter the painting. The total cost of the build- ing was about $3,500. We can not say much for it, it being a continual expense to the county every year. Prisoners broke out w^ithout trouble, necessitating an almost constant watch. As a general thing we can commend the wisdom of our County Board of Supervisors, they conducting the affairs of the county in a very prudent and economical manner, but in this respect their economy is not to be commended. Although we have not the figures at hand, we verily believe more money has been spent for repairs, guarding the jail, and re-capturing prison- ers, than would have built as tine a building as we have in the Military Tract. The old log-jail, in due time, by order of the Court, was sold by the Sheriff, the city of Macomb becoming the purchaser, for the sura of $275. It has been in use by the citj- ever since as a city prison, and is known as the old calaboose. On the eleventh day of April the County Court assembled for legislative purposes, for the last time. Present, Hon. Thompson Chandler, presiding judge ; Samuel Calvin and Silas J. Grigsby, Associates. The last order made by them was for ironing the new jail, after which they adjourned sine die, being succeeded by the Board of Supervisors. With reference to Burress, arrested for the murder of James Dye, his trial was never held. On the night of August 11, 1855, he escaped from the county jail, at Macomb, but returned, after an absence of about ten days, and gave himself up to the author!- HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 119 ties. Oil the evening of the tenth of Xovomber, following, he again escaped. A reward of one hundred dollars was offered tor liis capture. He was traced to the State of Indiana, and a party went in pursuit of him, but when they reached the place where he was seen, he was gone, since which time he has never been heard from. A\^hether guilty of the crime charged against him will probably never be known. 120 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. CHAPTER XIII. DIVISION OF THE COUNTY. The committee appointed for the purpose of dividing the county into townships reported in due time that they had performed that duty. By their report the county was divided into sixteen town- ship, having the following names : Eldorado, Industry, Eagle Town, Lamoine, Kcw Salem, Scotland, Erin, Tennessee, Mound, Macomb, Spring Creek, Kock Creek, Prairie City, Walnut Grove, Sciota, Blandinsville. The first election for township officers was held in April, 1857, and the Board of Supervisors held its first meeting May 11, 1857. At this meeting the name of Eagle Town was changed to Bethel ; Rock Creek to Hire ; Erin to Chalmers, and Spring Creek to Emmet. A petition was presented praying that the town of Prairie City be divided into two townships, but the prayer of the petitioners was refused. The following are the names and location of the various townships : Eldorado, 4 N., 1 W. ; Industry, 4 N., 2 W. ; Bethel, 4 X., 8 W.; Lamoine, 4 K, 4 W. ; New Salem, 5 N., 1 W. ; Scotland, 5 K, 2 W. ; Chalmers, 5 N., 3 W. ; Tennessee, 5 N., 4 W.; Mound, 6 N., 1 W. ; Macomb, 6 JST., 2 W. ; Emmett, 6 N., 3 W. ; Hire, 6 N., 4 W. ; Prairie City, 7 N., 1 W. ; Walnut Grove, 7 Is., 2 W. ; Sciota, 7 K, 3 W. ; Blandinsville, 7 K, 4 "W. By the above we were entitled to sixteen members of the Board of Supervisors, since which time Macomb City has been allowed two representatives, and Prairie City township has been divided, the west half called Bushnell. Bushnell township is given one rep- resentative, and Bushnell city one, making in all tAventy members of the Board of Supervisors. Wo here subjoin sketches of the various townships, beginning with — HISTORY OV M'nONOUGn COUNTY. 121 Eldorado. — This township lies in the extreme southeast part of the county, 4 n., 1 w. It was first settled in 1831 ; A. J. Foster building the first house on section 2, in the northeast portion of the township, the settlement being known to this day as Foster's Point. About one-fourth of the township is timber land, the bal- ance being a beautiful prairie. The timber land all lies in the southern part, with the exception of about seven hundred acres in the northeast part, comprising all of section 1 and part of section 2. Divided up, we have 21,292 acres of improved land; 1,490 acres of unimproved. In the southeastern part of the township, coal and building stone are found in great quantities, and of a good quality. Several small streams run through the township, fur- nishing living water for stock in all seasons of the year. Sugar creek and its branches arc the principal water courses. As showing the value of the township for all purposes we com- pile the following facts and figures of its products for the year 1875, together with the number of head and value of all kinds of stock: There were 21,293 acres of improved land, of which num- ber 7,634 acres were in corn, 1,457 in wheat, 1,467 in oats, and 656 in other products. There were also 2,270 head of cattle, —value, $47,574; hogs, 4,192— value, $22,982; horses, 747— value, $31,200. At the residence of Father Harris, living on section 1, was per- formed the first marriage ceremony in the township — Mr. Cleoii Keddick and Miss Lucy Harris, by Rev. Aaron Kinney, a Univer- salist minister, in the year 1839. The first birth was Samuel J. Foster, son of A. J. and Sarah Foster, w^ho was born in the fall of 1831. The first death waa ISTimrod Foster, son of Henry Foster, in the fall of the same year. Miss Lucy Harris taught the first school, in 1837. Eldorado Township, politically, is Democratic. As members of the Board of Supervisors it has sent John Price, James Keach, Thomas Lawyer, William Marshall, Milton Amrine, Thomas Cox, James Irwin, Isaac Chandler, Job Marshall and A. J. Herrou, the present efficient member. There are no towns in the township, and her people can trulj be said to be agricultural in their tastes and habits. In churches and school houses the township is behind none. On the southwest corner of section 15 is a good town hall, known 122 HLSTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. as Eldorado Hall. This building was erected about the year 1869, at a cost of $1,800. It is used for all public purposes, such as elections, meetiugs of towu officers and general public meetings. New Salem. — Xew Salem township lies in range 5 north, 1 west, and is geuerall}'' believed to contain the finest body of land in the county. With the exception of a small tract of thirty-eight acres of timber in the southern part, it is entirely prairie land, and for richness of soil and adaptability to the various products of this country, is unsurpassed. The township was lirst settled in 1828, William Pennington erecting his cabin in the region now known as Pennington's Point. There Avas probably at that time a little more timber in the township than at present, and the early settlers made their homes so as to have the benefit of it. Xo attempt was made to settle the prairie for many years after, though we believe it was the lirst township in which this was generally done. No better improved farms are to be found in the Military Tract than in New Salem Township; and herein live some of the most Avealthy and honored of our citizens. The hospitality of her citizens is unbounded, and the "latch-string always hangs out" and the weary traveler linds a hearty welcome. Among the early settlers of this township we may mention William Pennington, Stewart Pennington, Major Yocum, J. E. D. Hammer, Salem Woods, and William Moore. Salem Woods, although he did not effect a settlement in the township until 1880, visited it in 1828, coming Irom his home in Pennsylvania on foot, for the purpose of examining the land he had purchased the year before, in 1827. Not finding the country as well settled as he anticipated, he returned to his old home, but came out again two years after, settled down on section 30, where he has resided ever since, retaining the original deed. Mr. Woods brought the first stove ever seen in McDonough County, — a stove that was a great wonder in its day. We have heard of women making their bread, and carrying it a distance of nine miles to have the honor of baking it in that stove. Mr. Woods has yet a portion of it. One of the most jolly, good-natured souls that ever lived was Major Stephen Yocum, and the citizens of the I'oint will long remember him. The first marriage in the township was Mr. Morgan Jones and Miss Elizabeth Osborne, who were united by Joseph Osborne, Esq., in February, 1831. The first birth was Perry Pennington, HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 125 son of "VVm. rennington, in the year 1828. The first death, J. J- Pennington, son of Stewart Pennington, September 10, 1838. The first sermon was preached by old Father Harris, at the house of William Osborne, at Pennington's Point, in 1834. The first school was taught at Pennington's Point by Miss Martha Campbell, now the widow of the John M. Walker. Gideon Waters was the first to teach a public school and drew' the first public money. This township has one village in its boundaries, the village of Adair, on the Chicago, Rock Island and St. Louis Railroad. Mention is made elsewhere of this place, to which we call atten- tion. Pennington's Point, although, not incorporated, has quite a little settlement around it, there being a general store, a black- smith shop, a doctor's office, and a post office. Mr. S. Raby is the postmaster. Dr. E. BoUes, the physcian, while the store and l)lacksmith shop are also run by Mr. Raby. The products of the township are such as are common through- out the county. The value of the land as assessed is $687,590. There are 22,286 acres of improved land and not one unimproved. In horses, cattle, hogs, and other stock, she ranks second to none. In fine stock, the township is probably ahead, especially on cat- tle. This is the home of Joseph and Russell Lownes, who live on sec. 27, near the county line. These gentlemen, for many years, have turned their attention to fine cattle, and have about as tine herds as are to be found in this section of the country. The following named gentlemen have served as members of the Board of Supervisors : James II. Epperson, Joseph Lownes, Simon Pontious, Asah el Russell, Reuben C. Porter, Lyman Porter, Joseph E. Porter, Amaziah Hanson, Abrara Powers, John L. Epperson.^ Mound. — The southern portion of this township is low and fiat; the eastern, bordering on Spoon river brakes, is broken and hilly ; the remainder of the land is beautifully rolling and fertile. On section 14 is the summit of a very high mound, perhaps the high- est point in the county; the ascent is very gradual, and scarcely perceptible. When the summit is reached a grand view of the surrounding country presents itself. From this mound the town- ship derives its name. The mound is known as Dyer's Mound. Of the thirty-six sections, but one is timber land. 124 HISTORY OF M'dONOUGH COUNTY. la the northeastern portion, but a few feet below the surface, ■coal is found in paying quantities, and several mines are now being worked. As for improvements, Mound ranks among the best, there being but few poor farms in the whole township. There are several fine •churches in the township, also a good town hall, but the school houses fall below the average, and are .not in keeping with the Avealth and high standing of the people. This doubtless will soon be otherwise. Mound has more miles of railroad than any other township in the county. There is one village, ISTew Philadelphia, which is noticed under the head of towns and villages. The first settlement was in 1832, Joseph Smitii building a house ■on section 18, and occupying it with his family. But little pro- gress was made as respects increase in population and the develop- ment of the resources of the township for many years after. The Crawfords, Jacksons, Creels, Kepples and McCandless are num- bered among the first settlers — all good and industrious families, and still living in the respective neighborhoods in which they first settled. Edward Dyer and Jane Ivepple were the first couple united in the holy bonds of matrimony. They were married on the seven- teenth day of April, 1838, by the Rev. John Richmond, a Methodist minister, wdio organized the first church in the township. The first preaching in the township was also by a Methodist, Rev. E. Thompson, who preached at the house of Jacob Kepple, in the year 1836. There are now three churches in the township, viz : Methodist Episcopal, Christian, and United Brethren. The first birth was that of Josephine Ivulp, about the year 1834, and the first death was Emily Miller, daughter of George and Mary C. Miller, who died in the year 1832. S. H. McCandless taught the first school in the first cabin ever built in the township, in the year 1838. There are in the township 22,238 acres of improved land, having an assessed value of $872,260, a higher rate than any other in the county. There is no unimproved land. "With respect to products, the township will favorably compare with any other in the county. In stock it ranks number one. In intelligence and business enterprise second to none. Being the home of such men as the Porters, Creels, Manly s, Works, and others, this is not to be wondered at. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 125. Politicallj, Mound is Republican. The township has been rep- resented in the Board of Supervisors by Samuel II. McCandless^ Solomon Markham, Edward Dyer, Christian Ely, James Upde- graff, Lyman Porter, James Manly, Joseph Shannon, Thomas J. Creel, Ross Manly, and Joseph Shannon. In 1874 a town hall was erected on section 21, at a cost of $1,000. It is a frame building, twenty-four by thirt3^-six, and is used for all town purposes, such as elections, public meetings, etc. Prairie City and Bushnell. — These townships were originally one, and lie 7 north, 1 west, and are almost wholly prairie land,, and as good as can be found in the Military Tract. Matthew B. Robinson was the first settler, erecting a house on section 30 — now Bushnell township. G. W. Thompson was probably the second, and settled on section 25, six miles east from Mr. Robinson. Mr. Thompson remarked to the writer that, notwithstanding the distance, they were truly neighbors, much more than many who now live within a stone's throw of each other. This was charac- teristic of early times. But little was done in the settlement of the township until the completion of the C. B. & Q. R. R., when, in a short time, every quarter was taken up and occupied. The first birth was Missouri E. Robinson, daughter of Matthew B. Robinson, who was born in 1837. The first death was John W. Clark, who died in September^ 1847. The Presbyterians were the first to enter this new field and sow the seeds ot the gospel. Rev. William H. Stewart, of Macomb,, preaching the first sermon, at the house of Matthew B. Robinson. The first school was taught by David Robinson, in the year 1838. The township increased very rapidly in w^ealth and population on the completion of the railroad, and two towns were laid out within its limits ; one on sections 1 and 2, and the other on sec- tions 27, 28, 33 and 34 — the former called Prairie City and the latter Bushnell. These towns are noticed elsewhere at some length. By an act of the Legislature the township was divided in 1865,, the north half retaining the name of Prairie City and the south half adopting the name of Bushnell. 126 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. Thin township has always been Republican. Before the divis- ion the following named gentlemen served it on the Board of Supervisors: Alonzo S.Kimber, G. F. Ilendrickson, Isaac Weaver, Hiram Conover and T>. R. Hamilton. Since its division Prairie City has been repreoented by H. C Sanford, G. W. Hamilton, James W. Brooks, Sanger S. Stevens, G. W. Closson, and A. T. Irwin. Bushnell has sent J. H. Smith, ]). M, Wychoft, James Devon, S. A. Epperson, A. L. Sparks, J. C. Cadwalladcr, and E. D. C. Haines, Industry. — Industry township lies in range 4 north, 2 west, and is the oldest settled district in the county, it embracing the old Carter settlement of which we make mention elsewhere in this work. About two-iifths of the township was originally timber land, a good j)art of which is now brought under cultivation. Being the oldest settled township in the county its people can boast of having initiated several customs. Here was performed the iirst marriage ceremony in the county. Mr. John Wilson and Miss Martha R. Yance, being united in the "holy bands of wed- lock" on the 30ch day of October, 1828; here the tirst child was born, a daughter to Thomas Carter in August, 1828 ; here the first death, a son of Isaac Fowler, in 1829 ; here the first gospel sermon, by Elder John Logan, in May, 1828; here the first cburch erected in 1831, which is still standing, it having been built as a Union church; here the first school, taught by an Englishman named Jenkins. The township now has 21,457 acres of improved lands, and 1,403 acres of unimproved, with a total cash value of $612,866; towns lots, $33,749. In the past year (1875), there were planted and sown 6,987 acres corn, 1,651 acres wheat, 1,057 acres oats, 212 acres other products. There were in the township 910 horses, 1,806 cattle, 68 mules, 868 sheep, and 2,521 hogs. (For value of these see table). In the south part of the township, and probably underlying every square foot of soil in all parts, may be found coal in great abundance, the veins averaging thirty-three inches. Ebenezer Jones, James A. Yawter, William Dupees and others are working good veins of an excellent quality. We find in the township, including the town of Industry, several churches, showing the spiritual wants of the people are not neglected. There are also school houses, with an average attend- ance in tlieir schools of four hundred and sixty-seven. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 127 Grindstone Creek (formerly called Turkey Creek) is the princi- pal stream passing through the township, it coming in on section 1 and passing out at section 19. Camp Creek passes through a portion of sections 5 and 6. Thus we find the township well watered. All things taken into consideration, the division of the toAvnship into timber and prairie land, the abundance of coal, stone tor building purposes, etc., we consider Industry well-favor- ed. Among the wealthy farmers, we may mention Darius Runkle, who owns large tracts of land in the southern part. The follow- ing named gentlemen have served the township as members of the Board of Supervisors : Joel Pennington, 1857-60 ; Darius Runkle, 1860; Leander Cassidy, 1861-63; P. B. Cordell, 1863-65; T. J. Pennington, 1865 ; James P. Skiles, 1866-68 ; George A. Taylor, 1868; R. A. Duncan, 1869 ; Ebenezer Vail, 1870; T. J. Pennington, 1871; T. B. Cordell, 1872; Thomas L. Maxwell, 1873; C. R. Shannon, 1874; W. H. Taylor, 1875; William Kinkade, 1876. Scotland. — This township derived its name from the large number of Scottish citizens living in the township at its organization. It lies in range 5 north, 2 west. The first settlement effected in the township was in the year 1832. Dr. Charles Hays, a physician of large practice in the early times, and the Hon. Cyrus Walker being the first to erect their cabins. The Clarks, Alisons, Harlans, and Campbells were among the early settlers. These men are yet living, or have descendants living in the township, all, we believe, well-to-do farmers and excellent business men. The township is all prairie land, except groves along the banks of Camp Creek, which is reported to the assessors as being timber land, and containing 662 acres, a little more than a section. The soil is the best in the county, and no township can boast a greater yield of corn or other products to the acre. A large amount of stock is raised, it being one of the best sections of country in the State for that purpose. ^o better improved farms are found, no finer residences and better barns than those in this township. The people are all of the industrious class, and are continually adding to their wealth. Dr. B. R. Westfall, Milton Knight, S. C. Knight, Amos Dixon, L. F. Smith, M. Herndon, J. M. Rexroat, and the Barclay broth- ers, are among the prominent men of the township. 128 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. Rev. AVm. K. Stewart, a Presbyterian minister, living in Ma- comb, preached the first gospel sermon at the house of Hon. Cyrus Walker, in the year 1837. This denomination outranks all others in the township, having two flourishing churches in the southern part, a description of which may be found in the chapter on the religious history of the county. The flrst school taught in the township was in a log house on Camp Creek, Miss Mary Mead as teacher. Scotland to-day has the best school buildings of any township in the county, in num- ber, nine, and valued at about |10,000. Iler schools have always been the best, with number one teachers usually employed. The first death was the Rev. Ezekiel Campbell, who died in the year 1834, on what is now known as the Craig farm. The first couple marrying in tne township we were unable to learn. The assessed value of land for the year 1876 is $634,080. A small portion of Macomb lies in this township, but its record of town lots are kept by that city, and do not come under the super- vision of the township officers at all. In value of stock Scotland ranks third in the county. In imported stock it ranks first. Dr. B. R. Westfall and J. M.Rexroat have been making special efibrts to improve the stock of the county by importing thorough bred horses and cattle from Europe and other places. Scotland politically is Republican by a large vote, and is usually relied upon by the leaders of that party to bring in a good major- ity. Isaac P. Monfort, George W, Provine, Jacob Randolph, John Blackburn, Samuel R. Jones, John C. Moore, John Watson, L. F. Smith, Jonas Ringer and John Barclay have serv^ed the township as members of the Board of Supervisors. Macomb. — The history of this township in a measure is identi- fied with the history of the city of Macomb. It lies in six north, two west, and is principally prairie, though having considerable timber along the margin of Crooked creek and its branches. In woodland there was reported to the assessor in 1876, only a little over a section — 696 acres. Among the settlers in the township were Alexander Harris, Joseph Smith, Robert Grant, J. P. Upde- graff, Ephrai. Blue and yellow sand . . • • • • 3") (1. Sandstone 5 " 7. Clay shale li.< '• 8. Black shale i| '• 9. Gray shale 34 " 10. Limestone 9 " 11. Shale 1 1(33 The beds numbered 1 to 5 inclusive belong to the drift, and show an aggregate thickness of one hundred and twelve feet, in- dicating the existence of an old valley here, in which the Coal Measures have been cut away down to a point below the horizon ■of the Colchester coal, and which was subsequently filled with drift deposits, and consequently that coal which should have been found at a depth of fifty to seventy feet below the surface at this point, was not met with at all. The limestone l^o. 10 of the above sections is probably the bed overlaying the Seaville coal. The extent and direction of this old valley we have no data for determining at the present time, but it is probably a lateral arm of the Spoon river valley, and most probably trends southeast- wardly into the valley of that stream. At Prairie City a boring was carried down to the depth of 222 feet, passing through the following beds, as reported by Mr. T. L. Magee : 1. Soil and drift clays 30 feet. 2. Clay shale or •' soapstone '' 16 3. Black shale }4 " 4. Coal No. 2 1% " .5. Fire clay 4 " C. Shale and sandstone 12 " 7. Clay shale 38 " 8. Hard rock (limestone) 11 " 9. Shale 4 '• 10. White flint 1 "■ 11. Shale 10 '• 11. Coal No. 1 3 13. Fireclay 6^.^ '• 14. Hard rock .5 '■ 15. Clay shale 8 16. Sandstone 4 " 17. Dark gray shale 8 " 18. Clay shale (light colored) 14 «• 19. Limestone (St. Louis bed) ^^^o " 222 HISTORY OF m'dOXOUGH COUNTY. 151 In the foregoing sections the beds numbered from 2 to 18 inclusive belong to tlie Coal Measures, and include the two lower ■coals. Xo. 19 is undoubtedly the St. Louis limestone Avhich out- crops on Spoon river just below Seaville, about eight miles east ot Prairie City, At Lawrence's mound, at an elevation considerably above the surface where the above boring was made, a coal seam three feet in thickness was found in digging a well, which was probably Xo. 3., occurring here as an outlier left by the denuding forces which swept it away from the surrounding region. It lay immediately below the drift, with no roof but gravel, and covered but a limited area of ground. At Macomb, a boring, carried to the depth of about 160 feet, failed to find any coal of sufficient thickness to be of any econo- mical value. From these experiments, it would seem that the lower coals in this county are not very uniform in their develop- ment, and probably neither No. 1 nor ]*s^o. 3 will be found over any considierable area thick enough to be worked to advantage, while Xo. 2 is also too thin to be worked at some points, though it may be considered the most persistent and reliable seam to be found in this county. *S^^ Louis Limestone. — This division of the Lower Carboniferous series is probably nowhere in this county more than fifty feet in thickness, and consists, first, of a bed of light-gray concretionary or brecciated limestone, laying immediately below the lower sandstone of the Coal Measures ; and secondly, of a magnesian limestone and some blue shales or calcareous sandstones, con- stituting what is sometimes called the "Warsaw limestone." On the east fork of Crooked creek, a little north of west from Colchester, the following sections of these limestones may be seen : No. 1 Brecciated light-grey limestone ."j to 20 feet. No. 2 Calcareous sandstone, in regular beds 12 •• No. 3 Bluish shale 3 '" The magnesian bed, which usuall}'^ forms the base of this group, is below the surface here and generally ranges from eight to ten feet in thickness. The brecciated limestone is very unevenly developed, and often varies in thickness in a short distance from five to twenty feet or more. It rarely affords any fossils ex- cept the common corals Lithostrotion, canadense and L. pro- liferum, silicious specimens of which are often found weathered out along the creeks where this limestone out-crops. No fossils were seen in the calcareous sandstone, but the mas^nesian lime- 152 HISTORY OF m'donough county. stone that out-cro[»s lower down on the creek, and underlies the blue shale in the above section, usually contains a variety of Bry- ozoans, among which are the Archimides AVortheni, Polypora Varsoeiense, Semicoscinium, Keyserlingi, etc. Keokuk Limestone — This is the lowest rock exposed in the county, and is only found along the blufis of Crooked creek, in townships- 4 and orange 4 west (Lamoin and Tennessee). The upper part of this formation is usually a bluish calcareo argillaceous shale,, containing silicious geodes either filled with a mass of crystaline quartz, or hollow and lined within quartz crystals, mammillary chalcedony, calcite and dolomite. Below this geode bed there is usually from thirty to forty feet of cherty gray limestone, the layers varying in thickness from a few inches to two feet or more» and separated by partings of shale. The limestone beds consist mainly of the remains of organic beings, the corals, the crinoids, and mollusca that swarmed in countless numbers in the primeval ocean; and the old quarries of limestone aftbrd a rich field for the- student wbo desires to become fully acquainted with the varied and peculiar organic forms of this period. South of Colmar the grade of the C, B. & Q. railroad cuts into the upper part of this limestone to the depth of several feet, and from the material throw^n out from this cut we obtained many specimens of the characteristic fossils of this limestone in an excellent state of pres- ervation. The upper layers of the limestone had been freely ex- posed to the erosive action of the water during the drift period,, and many of the silicious fossils were found completely weathered out from the shaly limestones, and in a most perfect state of pres- ervation. Among the fossils found at this locality were many specimens of Laphrentis dalii, Spirifer Keokuk, S. lineatus, S. sub-orbicularis, Agaricocrinus, Americanus, Actinocrinus bi-tur- binatus, Cyathocrinus stellatus, Archimides, Owenana, Hemipro- nites crenistria, Phillipsia, Fortlockii, several species offish teeth^ etc. The lower portion of this limestone is usually below the level of the creek bottoms, but the upper portion is well exposed on the main creek in township 4 north, range 4 west (Lamoine), and on the east fork in township 5 north, range 4 west (Tennessee). In the region south of Colmar the geodiferous shales and the St. Louis limestone have all been removed by denudation before the depost of the drift, and the boulder clays noAV rest directly upon the upper part of the Keokuk limestone. A complete section of HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY 153 all the limestones below the coal measures in this county would ahow the following order of succession and thickness: Light gray brecoiated limestone 5 to 20 feet. ■Calcareous sandstone 12 " Magnesian limestone and shale 10 to 12 '• Oeodiferous shales of the Keokuk bed 20 to 30 " Light gray cherty limestone 30 to 40 " ECONOMICAL GEOLOGY. Coal. — As may be seen from a perusal of the foregoing pages, a large portion of this county is underlaid with coal, and although the seams that are found here are much thinner than some of those that outcrop in Schuyler and Fulton counties, yet they have not only furnished an abundant supply of coal for home consumption, but for many years have furnished many thousands of tons annu- ally for shipment south and west to the adjoining counties. The shipment from Colchester alone for the years 1866 and '67 was about 500,000 tons per annum, and the product of the mines have been constantly on the increase. The coal obtained here is of an excellent quality, if taken out at some distance from the outcrop, where it has not been exposed to atmospheric influences. The coal is tolerably hard, bright, and comparatively free from pyrite, and breaks freely into cubic blocks when mined. An analysis of this coal by Mr. Henry Pratten, as reported in Dr. Norwood's " Analysis of Illinois Coals," gave the following results : Specific gravity 1.290 Loss in coking 41.2 Total weight of coke 58.8 100.0 ANALYSIS. Moisture 5.4 Volatile matters 35.8 Carbon in coke 56.8 Ashes (light gray) 2.0 100.0 Carbon in coal 60.10 This analysis shows this to be one of the best coals in the State, and its freedom from pyrite has always made it a favorite coal with blacksmiths of this and the adjoining counties. The coal from the lower seam is usually harder than that from the Col- chester seam, and less uniform in quality. Its thickness is also more variable and frequently the coal is wanting altogether, and 154 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. its place occupied by bituminous shales. l!^evertheles8, it some- times attains a thickness of three feet, as at Seaville, in Fulton county, and the coal obtained there is of a fair quality. It is quite probable that this seam may be found in some of the eastern townships in this county as thick as it is at Seaville, and if so, it might be worked to advantage, as its depth below the surface would probably nowhere exceed two hundred feet. ]^o. 3, it found at all in this county, would be met with in the uppermost layers of the bed rock, and immediately underneath the boulder clays, except at a few ppints, where it might be over- laid by a few feet of sandstone or sandy shale. It is less persist- ent in its development, however, than either of those below it, but its proper horizon may be readily recognized by the dark blue limestone and bituminous shales that are nearly always present, even when there is no development of the coal itself. A boring carried down to the depth of two hundred feet would probably pass entirely through the Coal Measures in any portion of the county, and in the western part the subordinate lime- stone would be reached at a depth of one hundred aiid fifty feet or less, when the light gray brecciated limestone of the St. Louis group is reached, it is useless to bore further in search of coal, and this limestone is so decidedly different in its appearance from any of the limestones in the lower part of the Coal Meas- ures, that an expert would find no difiiculty in identifying it, even by the smallest fragments taken up by the sand pump. Hence it forms a reliable guide, both where it out-crops and where it may be reached by the drill, and determines the point below which no coal can be found. Fire-Clay. — The fire-clay under the Colchester coal has been used by Mr. Horrocks, at his kiln west of the town, for the man- ufacture of drain tile, fire-brick, etc., but recently he has obtained a better quality of fire-clay by sinking a shallow shaft down to the lower or No. 1 coal, which, at his kiln, is about forty-five feet below the Colchester seam. The horizon of this lower coal fur- nishes an excellent article of fire and potter's clay in various por- tions of the State, and it may, no doubt, be found at many points- in this county, besides the one where it is at present worked. Iron Ore. — There is a band of iron ore, very generally devel- oped in connection with coal No. 1, and indications of its presence were observed at several points in this county, though not in suf- HISTORY OF ;\i'D0N0UGH COUNTY. 155 ficient quantity to justify an attempt to work it at the jircsent time. On the creek below Ilorrock's brick kiln it is about six inches thick, but too sandy to be of much value, even if the quantity was greater. On the creek west of Macomb, a band of very pure iron ore occurs, about six inches thick, and it is quite probable it may be found somewhere in the county of sufficient thickness to be of some economical importance. In Schuyler county, there are two or three bands of ore associated with the same coal, attaining there an aggregate thickness of about two feet, and yielding on analysis about 52 per cent, of protoxide of iron. The ore is an argillaceous carbonate of iron, and compares favorably in quality with the best Pennsylvania ores. On Mr. D. C. Flint's place in Mound township, a deposit of bog iron ore of good quality is found, which is reported to be sev- eral feet in thickness, but the area covered by it has not been as- certained. Should it prove sufficiently extensive and pure as the sample sent to my office, it is a valuable deposit. Building Stone. — The central and the western portions of the county have an abundant supply of free stone from the sandstone bed intervening between coals ISTo. 1 and 2. This is usually from ten to twelve feet in thickness, the upper part thin-bedded and quarrying out in thin, even slab's, suitable for flags, while the lower part is quite massive, and splits evenly. At Stewart's quar- ries, two miles west of Macomb, there is about twelve feet in thickne&s exposed in the face of the quarry. The rock is a rath- er coarse grained sandstone, nearly white in color, and furnishes a very durable material for foundation walls, and is also easily cut and may be advantageously used for all ordinary architectural purposes. At these quarries the rock is very massive, but at the old Mc- Lean quarries, about a half a mile to the westward of Stewart's, the sandstone is more regularly bedded, the layers varying from four to twelve inches or more in thickness. This sandstone is equivalent of that on the T., P. and W. Kailroad west of Soaville, in Fulton county, and is very similar in quality. Some of the beds seem to be sufficiently even-textured for grindstones. The raagnesian and arenaceous beds of the St. Louis group will afford the best material for culverts and bridge abutments that can be found in the State, as they are scarcely at all affected by the action of frost and moisture. The gray limestones of the Keokuk series 156 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. make a durable building stone if protected from Avater, but split to fragments on exposure to ordinary atmospheric agencies. The brecciated limestone will make an excellent macadamizing mate- rial for the construction of turnpike roads, or for ballasting our railroads. Limestone for Lime. — Good limestone for burning into quick- lime may be obtained from the lower division of the Keokuk, and from the brecciated bed of the St. Louis group. AYhere the former is used, it should be selected with some care, as a portion of the beds contain too large a per cent, of argillaceous or silicious matter to slack readily when burned, and would yield only an inferior quality of lime. The light gray semi-crystalline laj^ers are the best for this purpose, and will make a quicklime of good quality. The brecciated limestone is, however, in many respects the best rock in the county for this purpose, as it is usually a nearly pure carbonate of lime in its composition and can be burned at less expense, and makes a quicklime of superior quality. This limestone may be found on most of the tributaries of Crooked creek, and on the east fork as far north as the vicinity of Colchester. Sand and Clay for Brick. — The sub-soil, where it is predicated upon the marly beds of the loess, supplies these materials in nearly the right proportion for the brick yard ; and when defi- cient in sand, this may be easily supplied either from the creek bottoms or sandy beds interstratitied with the drift clays. These materials are so universally distributed that there is scarcely a neighborhood in the county where they may not be readily found at hand. Soil and Agriculture. — There is not much variety in the general character of the soils in this county, and there is no considerable portion of its surface that will not bring good crops of the various cereals usually cultivated in this latitude, without other stimulants than those contained in the soil itself. The prairie soil is a dark, chocolate-colored loam, appearing nearly black w^hen wet, and produces excellent crops of corn, wheat, oats, barley and grass, and where a proper rotation of crops has been the rule, no per- ceptible decrease in the annual product has been observed, even on lands that have been under constant cultivation for the last twenty-five or thirty years. The timbered lands are generally confined to the creek valleys, and broken ridges adjacent thereto. HISTORY OF m'dOXOUGH COUNTY. 157 The soil on these timbered ridges is usually thin, but they are excellent fruit lands, and will produce fair crops of wheat, oats and clover, but they require manuring if subjected to long con- tinued cultivation. These thin soils are predicated upon the boul- der clays, and the timber growth is mainly black and white oak and hickory; and their uneven surface does not retain the vege- table and animal matters that are annually deposited upon them, but on the contrarj^ these are swept away by the annual rains into the adjacent valleys, while on the level prairies they are re- tained, and add from year to year their fertilizing properties to the soil. The bottomlands on Crooked creek are very limited in extent, and are mostly subject to overflow. They afford some fine timber, the varieties of which have been enumerated on a pre- ceding page. 158 HISTORY OF m'dOXOUGH COUNTY. CHAPTER XV. TEMPERANCE. McDonougli county, like every other organized territory, has had its "teniperance revivals," its seasons of drunkenness and seasons of sobriety. As stated in the first part of this work, one of the first acts of our Board of County Commissioners was the licensing of taverns, places where intoxicating liquors might be sold. Then, everybody drank ; not to do so, was to set yourself above your neighbor and become his judge, a state of things which was not to be encouraged. When the first barrel of whisky was brought to Macomb there were but two ministers of the gos- pel residing in the place, and both got "gloriously drunk" when it was tapped. The first license was granted to a preacher, and for years this class took their toddy along with other folks. ^Notwithstanding we are told now that whisky in those days was very pure, it made a surprising number of drunkards, and when the Washingtonian movement swept over the country it is not to be wondered at that this county was struck by a huge wave and driven along with the tide. In the winter of 1841-42, two gentlemen from Quincy, Illinois, came to the county seat, proclaiming themselves missionaries of this movement, secured the Methodist Episcopal church for lec- turing purposes. On the first evening of meeting a large concourse of people assembled to hear what they had to say, as they seemed to be setters-forth of a new doctrine, strange to their ears. A chairman was desired for the occasion, and with great difficulty one was obtained, and he only on the promise made him by the speakers that they would not urge him personally to sign the pledge. The speakers held forth to a wondering audience, keep- ing them alternately laughing and crying, as the ludicrous or sorrowful side of the drunkard's life was portrayed. At the con- HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 159 elusion of the addresses, those who desired to do so were invited to sign the pledge. The chairman of the meeting Avas the first to affix his name to the document, followed by many others, some of whom, we know, have been consistent temperance men ever since. Open temperance organizations were wholly adopted for carry- ing on tlie temperance work until the year 1848, when a charter was obtained for a Division of the Sons of Temperance, at Ma- comb, an organization which at that time was being extensively introduced all over the country. This was a secret organization, composed of males eighteen years old and upwards. In a short time this organization had its Divisions all over the county, two very strong ones existing in Macomb at the same time. In the latter place, in conjunction with two other parties, these Divis- ions erected what at that time was regarded as a very fine build- ing, on the south side of the square, the lower part to be used as store rooms, and the upper part as a hall for the meetings of the Divisions. From some cause the Divisions weakened and soon sus- pended, their hall was sold, and in a few short years that which Avas erected for the purpose of advancing the interests of temper- ance and morality was converted into a den for making drunkards. When the Sons of Temperance began to wane, the Good Tem- plars sprang into existence, and, in this county at one time, we believe, there were eighteen or twenty lodges, with a membership of nearly two thousand. This order differed from the Sous of Temperance in that it admitted both men and women, receiving as members all above the age of fifteen years. A good work was accomplished by them, the effects ot which will last throughout eternity. Other organizations have existed at times, both open and secret, each working with some efi'ectin its peculiar field of labor. Con- nected with the Sons of Temperance was the Daughters of Tem- perance, designed for the wives and daughters of the Sons ; also the Cadets of Temperance, for youths. The Temple of Honor also flourished for awhile. This was an organization combining the benevolent features of the Odd Fellows and Masons, with temperance as a cardinal virtue. The Good Templars for awhile had under their control a very effective juvenile organization, called the Cold Water Templars, which instilled temperance prin- ciples in the minds of many children, which, it is hoped, will be as lasting as eternity. Various other temperance organizations have 160 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. existed at dilierent times and in different places, each endeavoring to accomplish a special work. In 1854: the temperance men ran a candidate for member of the Legislature, Hon. L. H. Waters, who was elected by a small majority. This, we believe, is the only instance where a candi- date was ever put forward by temperance men for a general office. For a number of years past, in our cities and towns, the temper- ance men have either put forward recognized temperance men for the local offices, and voted for them as such, or have been content to vote direct upon the question of license or no license, allowing the political parties of the day to nominate such men as they chose, while pledging them to carry out the will of the people as expressed at the ballot box. Although intemperance exists among us to an ordinary extent, in common with the rest of the country, we know it has greatly decreased within the last thirty years. We do not believe that, according to population, there are one-fourth as many drunkards in our midst as there were at an early day. This leads us further to declare we do not believe the efforts put forth by temperance people have been a failure in times past. That organizations have lived and flourished for awhile and then gone down, prove no- thing. All these organizations are but human instrumentalities, and are brought forth by the necessities of the hour. Their de- sign is to accomplish a certain purpose apparent at the time. It is not to be expected that they will be as enduring as the hills, or like the church, so strong that "the gates of hell shall not prevail against them." If they shall accomplish a good work for the time being, well and good. If it is found there is a radical defect in their organizations necessitating change, let it be made, and let let us not imagine, because they are defective and have not accom- plished all the good their most sanguine supporters anticipated, that nothing has been done. All over the country can be found sober, honest, and good men, who, but for the efforts put forth by the members of some temperance organization that has ceased to exist, would now All a drunkard's grave. Then, we would bid God-speed to every effort of temperance men and women, know- ing that as temperance increases our country will become more and more prosperous. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 161 CHAPTER XVI. 1857-1860. A called meeting of the Board of Supervisors was held May 11, 1857, and continued in session three days. This was the first meeting ever held by the Board. John Price, of Eldorado, was elected Chairman yro tern., after which Jonathan H. Baker was elected permanent Chairman. Rules were adopted for the government of the Board, and business at once proceeded with. The following named persons responded to their names : John Price, Eldorado James H. Epperson, New Salem ; Samuel H.McCandless, Mound Alonzo L. Kimber, Prairie City ; Joel Pennington, Industry Isaac P. Monfort, Scotland; Jonathan H. Baker, Spring Creek D. I. Dungan, Walnut Grove ; James H. Dunsworth, Eagle Town ; Isaac McCowan, Erin Town ; William Heath, Sciota ; James Ma- guire, Macomb ; John S. Ilolliday, Lamoine ; Stephen A. White, Tennessee ; Ebenezer N. Hicks, Rock Creek ; William W, Moss, Blandinsville. George A. Taylor, Sheriff, and Isaac Grantham, Clerk, were also present. For several years previous to this time our county had enjoyed a season of unexampled prosperity. Emigration had poured in, and in less than five years we had more than doubled our population. The speculative fever raged high, and real estate advanced in a marvelous degree. Land which, before the railroad was projected, would not bring the government price, $1.25 per acre, now ranged from ^10 to $30, and that, too, without improvements of any kind. Town lots which before went begging at from $25 to $50, readily sold at from $200 to $500. Laborers were in great demand, buildings were erected by the hundred, and all seemed on the high road to wealth. In the year 1856 William II. Randolph & Co. opened a 162 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. banking and exchange office in Macomb, and in an evil hour took stock to the amount of §20,000 in what afterwards proved to be a %vild cat bank of the worst species. The county was Hooded with the issues of this bank, though not all being of the series assumed by Messrs. Randolph & Co. The name of this institution w^as the !Nemalia Valley Bank, having a large number of stockholders throughout the county. Its plan of doing business was substan- tially as follows: Its stock was divided into a certain number of shares and sold to parties desiring them, the purchaser being en- titled to a certain amount of the bills of the bank in proportion to the number of shares held. The bills held by each contribu- ting purchaser constituted a series for which he was only to be held responsible, each redeeming the series assigned to himself. Arrangements were entered into by the holders of the different series to redeem the notes of each other when presented for pay- ment, and sending them in for redemption. This arrangement served to strengthen the confidence of the people in their sta- bility. This county was also flooded with the notes of the Platte Val- ley Bank, another institution of the same wild cat species. When the crash in 1858 came the notes of these banks were at once pre- sented to the different depositories for redemption. Messrs. Ran- dolph & Co., though having out but $20,000, continued to redeem until they had paid out over $25,000, and, then becoming satisfied that they would never be enabled to obtain anything from McCoy, the owner of the Nemaha Valley Bank, they were forced to sus- pend. Mr. Randolph's loss, we are reliably informed, was not less than $100,000 directly, and as much more indirectly, in con- sequences of the sacrifices he was compelled to make. The failure of Messrs. Randolph & Co., in connection with the panic throughout the whole country, operated heavily against the interests of this county. jSTearly all public and private improve- ments were suspended ; mechanics and laboring men were thrown out of employment; real estate depreciated in value, and mortga- ges given for securing payment on land were foreclosed, and the sufferings of the people were very general. ^Notwithstanding all this, they soon rallied, and an era of prosperity began again. The Board of Supervisors, at its first session, })laced the license for the sale of intoxicating liquors at $300 per annum. Petition after petition was sent in during the year, and an effort wae HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 163 made by some of the Board to reduce the amount. Like the un- fortunate woman with the unjust judge, they continued to plead until the patience of the members gave way and the license was made $50. On account of the large amount of repairs necessary to be made on the poor farm, an order was made at the September term of the Board to sell it, provided it could be sold for not less than ^30 per acre. Eighty and one-third acres were afterward sold at this price. A clause in the charter of the city of Macomb, relieving it from taxation for county purposes, has always been a source of great trouble to the Board of Supervisors. The following is the pro- vision of the charter in question : The county of McDonough shall be exempt from the support of any citizen of said city who may become a pauper, but the City Council shall provide for the support and care of all paui^ers belonging to said city and pass such ordinances and regulations as they shall deem proper for the purpose thereof. The City Council shall also provide for the payment of all costs in the Circuit Court of McDonough county for the conviction of any citizen of said city for any criminal offense, and the prosecuting attorney's fees and jailor's fees, in case the same cannot be collected from the offenders. Or the City Council may provide for the payment to the county of McDonough, annually, of sueh sums as will be a fair proportion of the expenses of the county foi the Circuit Court of said county — the amount to be fixed by the City Council and the County Court of said county, and to be apportioned equitably and justly. In the consideration of the sup- port of paupers and the payment of the expenses and costs aforesaid, all the real estate within said city and all the personal property of the inhabitants of said city shall be exempt from all taxes for county purposes, except for paying the interest and finally the principal of the bonds of McDonough county, issued or hereafter to be issued as subscrip- tions for railroad stocks : j^vovided, that, upon the final payment of any such bonds, the said city shall be entitled to a pro rata amount of the stock for which they were given with said count}', according to the amount paid therefor by said city. In one way or another, at nearly every meeting of the Board, questions would arise with reference to this matter. The Board finally asked the State Legislature to repeal this clause of the city charter, which was accordingly done. By the contract with the Northern Cross railroad, the bonds and coupons given in aid of the said road, were made payable in New York. At the September term, 1859, of the Board of Supervi- sors, it was ordered that the coupons, due the following January, should be paid as usual. At the December term this order was rescinded, in consequence of a decision having been rendered by the Supreme Court of the State declaring that cities and counties have no right to make bonds issued in aid of railroads payable in the city of New York, (See 22 111. R., pp. 11:7), and that counties 164 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. and cities, by such decision, are not legally bound on contracts to pay moneys anywhere else than at the city or county treasury. Contracts made to pay such indebtedness elsewhere than at said treasury are void, as the statutes of the State of Illinois do not authorize cities and counties to make a contract payable at any other place than at their treasury. (See 22 111. R., pp. 147-156.) In March, 1860, in the Supreme Court, or the United States District Court, suit was commenced by VanHofiman et at. against the county. At the June term of the Board of Supervisors Hon. James M. Campbell was authorized to employ counsel, and, in the name of the county, to defend this suit. Mr. Campbell employed Messrs, Goudy & Waite, of Chicago, to take charge of the case. Before a trial was had the Supreme Court of the State, in a trial between Johnson vs. Stark County, in a great measure overruled and revised the above decision. On learning this, Messrs. Goudy & "Waite advised Mr. Campbell to pay the judgment which would be rendered against the county in the case, audit was accordingly done. We cannot help but disapprove the action of our Board of Supervisors in this case. We think they did wrong in attempt- ing to shirk the payment of a just debt in the manner called for in the contract. It may be offered in extenuation that the directors of the railroad had defrauded the county out of the stock taken by it, but this would first have to be proven before it could be made to appear as a justification. At the December (1860) meeting of the Board, Mr. Hendricks, of Macomb, offered the following resolution, which, on motion, was adopted : Resolved, That the Board of Supervisors of the County of McDonough, Illinois, respectfully recommend to the favorable consideration of the Legislature of this State, at its next session, the passage of a law for the relief of the tax-payers of the State. That the Clerk of this Board be directed to forward copies of this resolution to our mem- bers of the Senate and House of llepresentatives. Everything then was at a low price; mechanics and laboring men were out of employment ; gold and silver Avas at a premium, and great difficulty was experienced in obtaining enough to pay taxes. In view of this fact, Mr. Hendricks, at the same session, offered the following resolution : Whereas, Pending the crisis of aff-.irs in this county, the low prices of products of the farmers, and want of employment for the mechanics and laborers, the citizens and tax -payers labor under great disadvantage in procuring ' gold and [silver to pay their taxes ; therefore. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 165 Rcxolced. That the County Treasurer, Township Treasurer, and Town Collector be, and they are hereby, requested to receive in payment of the county revenues, town, school, and road tax the bankable currency of the banks of this State, which are recognized as having fully complied with the laws of Illinois, to the satisfaction of the State Auditor ; and that the collectors of towns above alluded to be required to pay over to the county treasury every week the collections each may have made in currency. The resolution was not adopted, but in lieu thereof the follow- ing : liesolced. That the several Town Collectors and the County Treasurer be. and they are hereby, requested to receive from and after January 28, 18Gl,in pay for county, school and town taxes, until the fifteenth day of March next, the notes of all solvent banks of the State of Illinois, the stockholders and officers of which have fully complied with the laws of this State ; and said Town Collectors are hereby requested to pay over weekly to the Coimty Treasurer all such sums as they may collect as aforesaid. In 1858 there was a great fall of rain, and the rivers and streams of the west were higher than ever before known, save in 1844. Crooked creek swelled to the proportion of a good sized river. June 3, of this year, William II. Franklin, of Macomb, while re- turning home from Missouri on horseback, came to this stream near the Horace Head farm, west of town, and hardly knew whether to cross or not, but deciding to make the attempt he urged his horse into the water, hoping to strike on the bridge. Unfortunately he missed it, and went down into the water. His horse turned to go back, but the stone abutment at the end of the bridge rose perpendicular upon either side, making this impossi- ble. He then resolved to sink his horse and swim for life. After swimming a short distance he reached some brush to which he clung for a moment or two, when, observing a huge drift of wood being swept toward him, he let go and struck out for a tree, the brunches of which he observed above the water. Having on two coats and a pair of heavy boots he could scarcely swim at all, but managed to reach the point which he w^as endeavoring to make. Climbing the branches of the tree as far as possible, he still found himself in the water. Thinking he would never be able to reach the sViore, he commenced hallooing as loud as possible, when his cries attracted the attention of a young son of Jesse Walker, who came down to the bank and answered bis call. Mr. F. told him to go ^t once for his father, when he was in- formed he was in town ; but the boy started for him. Meeting his father, the boy related the circumstances, when they both re- turned hurriedly to the stream. Mr. F., seeing the two could do n— 11 166 iii.sTORY OF m'donou(;h county. nothing for him, told them to go to town and get six or eight hundred feet of rope and more help. About ten o'clock at night a large crowd from Macomb gathered on the bank and endeavored to cheer the almost drowning man with the assurance that they Avould soon rescue him. The current of the stream being so swift it was found impossible to reach him with the rope, when B. F. Martin and Orsamus Walker hurried back to town for the purpose of building a boat, while Andy Lewis, Benjamin Nayloranda man named Bromfield, went up the stream about three quarters of a mile, made a raft and floated down. Bromfield fell oft the raft and was swept down the stream, but was rescued. The effort to reach the man with the raft proving fruitless, nothing could be done until the arrival of the boat, which arrived at about three o'clock the next morning. Having been in the water for some ten hours, it was with difticulty Mr. F. could get in the boat which was rowed out to meet him. He has no desire to meet with an- other like experience. The horse, after making several attempts, final 1}' reached the shore some distance down the stream. HISTORY OK M'DOXOrr.H COUNTY. 16/ CHAPTER XVII. THE WAR — AT HOME. AVe now come to the year 1861, the first year of the great rebel- lion, and we note with pride the history of McDonough during the stirring events of the succeeding four years. True there are some things we wish might be forever blotted from the book of remem- brance, but such cannot be the case, and it becomes our duty, as a faithful historian, to record the facts as they occurred, trusting the time is past when bitter feelings will be engendered by recall- ing the scenes of those "days that tried men's souls." Politically, McDonough county has ever been close, neither one of the great parties, at any time being able, with confidence, to claim it as its own. Settled, as we have before stated, principally by emigrants from the Southern States, it could hardly be other- wise than that the sympathies of many would be with the South, and that ill-feeling would exist towards the Abolitionists. But notwithstanding all this, there beat within their breast a patriotism that made them forget mere party feelings and sectional lines in their greater love for the Union. Every^ star and every stripe in the old flag they loved with a devotion which afterwards ex- hibited itself on many a battle field. Many of our best and most patriotic citizens endeavored, b}' all the means within their power, to prevent the election of Abraham Lincoln to the Presidential chair, believing it would endanger the Union. Others, equally true, worked hard for his election, be- lieving it impossible that it should afford any pretext for the se- cession of the Southern States. When the dark war clouds began to spread over our countrj', each and every one hoped, even against hope, that they would soon pass away, and that peace and prosperity would continue to reign. But such was not to be the -case. On the twelfth day of April, 1861, the rebels, who for weeks 168 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. had been erecting their batteries upon the shore, after demanding- of Major Anderson a surrender, opened fire upon Fort Sumpter. For hours an incessant cannonading was continued; the fort was being injured severely ; provisions were almost gone, and Major Anderson was compelled to haul down the old fiag — that flag which had seldom been lowered to a foreign foe, by rebel hands it was now trailed in the dust ! O, how the blood of patriotic men in the Xorth boiled when they learned of the outrage ! And no- where was greater indignation manifested than in McDonough county. Partisan feeling that had heretofore existed was now swept away, and in the language of the immortal Douglas, but two parties could exist — patriots and traitors. When the President issued his call for 75,000 men, McDonough county responded without dehi}^ ; and when the call, but a few days afterward, was made' for 300,000 more, others were ready to go forth in defense of their country. Meetings were held in vari- ous parts of the county, participated in by Democrats and Repub- licans, now only to be known as patriots, and resolutions were adopted setting forth in the strongest terms undying devotion to the Union. As showing the feeling existing at the time, we give the following: At Macomb, April 17, 1861, a large and enthusi- astic meeting was held, and a committee, consisting of Nelson Abbott, Charles Chandler, A. K. Lowry, W. E. Withrow, John Knappenberger and Carter Van Vleck, was appointed to prepare resolutions expressing the sense of the meeting. This committee consisted of three Democrats and three Republicans. They re- ported as follows : Wheeeas, War against the government of the United States has been commenced by the authorities of the so-called Confederate States, by assailing and reducing Fort Sump- ter, a fortress garrisoned and defended by United States soldiers, and under the sacred protection of the national flag ; and, Whereas, The president of the United States has issued his proclamation reciting that " the laws of the United States have been and are opposed in several states by combinations too powerful to be suppressed in the ordinary way," and calling for volun- teers to suppress said combination and execute the laws ; be it Resolved by the citizens of McDoMnigh county, icitlumt distinction of party, in mass meeting assembled, That it is the duty of all loyal and patriotic citizens, at whatever cost of blood and treasure, to sustain and support the constituted authorities of the United States in their lawful efforts to preserve the Union, maintain the integrity of the consti- tution and the supremacy of all the laws, and protect the federal capital and sustain the honor of our national flag. liesolred. That, while we would be glad to see such legislation adopted by the federal and state governments as would, if jiossible, bring about an honorable reconciliation between the citizens of the several states, yet we deem it the duty of our Legislature about HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. 169 to assemble to pass such laws as will render the general government speedy and efficient aid in all its lawful endeavors to carry out the objects indicated in the foregoing reso- lution. lifxolved. That the stars and stripes are the emblems of our country's liberties and honors, and wheresoever floating it is the duty of every American citizen to yield to that flag unconditional allegiance and undying devotion. At Colchester, April 19th, at a public meeting, they reported as follows : licxoiced, That we. the citizens of Colchester and vicinity, have no ill-feeling toward any political party, and say, with the immortal Clay, that we know no North — no South — no East — no West ; we know only the welfare of our country. Rcaolced, That, in view of our present crisis, we pledge our support to the administra- tion for the purpose of sustaining the government, the constitution, and the Union. In doing so we show them we are not degenerated sons of '76. At Foster's Point, on the evening of the twenty-seventh of April, the citizens assembled and adopted the following : Whereas. The government of these United States has been assailed — the flag of our country fired upon and dishonored — our country is severely threatened with destruction ; therefore, Jiesolced, That we. without respect to party, declare our undying devotion to the Union, the constitution, and the enforcement of the laws. Itesohed, That we know no government but our government, no country but oui' coun- try, and no flag but the stars and stripes of our honored sires. Other meetings were held in various parts of the county, and equally strong resolutions were passed. The people Avere thor- oughly aroused. About the twentieth of April a company num- bering one hundred and eight was formed at Macomb, and the following officers elected: Y. Y. Kalston, Captain; B. F. Tinck- ley. First Lieutenant; H. M. Bartholomew, Second Lieutenant. As the names of the conipany are given elsewhere, it is not neces- sary that we should repeat. J). P. Y-'ells had another company ready, when the two together left Macomb for Springfield, the place of rendezvous. They were escorted to the depot by about one thousand persons, and many were the tears shed and the hearty "God bless you !" given over the departure of loved ones. But there was not one of all that number who would have had any one of the departing l)oys turn back. Samuel Wilson, of Middletown, with another company, joined the two from Macomb at Colchester, and, together, the three proceeded to Springfield, from which place they were forwarded to Quincy, where the work of organizing the regiment was completed. For four long years, the organization of new companies and en- listment of men for old companies whose ranks had been deci- mated by disease and rebel l)ullets, was carried on. Gray -headed 170 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. men, who bad almost reached three-score years and ten, and boys not yet out of their teens, went to the camp, and through the most urgent solicitation, were accepted and sworn into the service. Xeither age nor youth kept them back, and when rejected from either cause, or from physical inability, would insist on being re- ceived, believing themselves as capable of doing a soldier's duty as thousands who had already gone. Three thousand of as brave men as ever handled a musket or drew a sword, went out from this county, many, very many, never to return. If you go with me to the battle-iields of tlie South, we shall see how there fell at Donelson, Shiloh, Mission Ridge, Lookout Mountain, Chat- tanooga, Chickamauga, Atlanta, Vicksburg, and other places, those who were the pride of fond fathers, loving mothers, and unselfish, devoted wives. AYe shall see them dropping off, one by one, and often, without coffin or burial shroud, thrown into the cold ground, there to await the resurrection morn, and the re-union upon the other side of the River of Death. In many a home throughout the county we find the vacant chair, and Avitness the mournful look of those ever watching for one that cometh not. Upon our streets, day by day, we meet those wearing sleeveless garments, or walking in a way that tells too plainly that the sound of the footfall is not made b}'^ Hesh and blood. Inquire the reason, and we shall probably learn tliat while charging the enemies lines at Vicksburg, Shiloh, or elsewhere, a cannon ball deprived them of a limb. But no word of complaint do we hear; the only regret expressed being that it was not possible to do more for their country. While they were awa}' upon the tented field, the patriotic men and women at home were not idle. Although impossible to get the county to do anything in an official way for the relief of sol- diers' families, many, as private citizens, thoug'^.t it not only a duty but a blessed |)rivilege to render all the aid in their power. Dur- ing the entire four years of war, we think but little actual sufter- ing was experienced by anj^ at home on account of the absence of their natural protectors, who were serving chcir country. Fairs and festivals were held for the purpose of obtaining sanitary sup- plies for those in the field, and Soldiers' Aid Societies were con- tinually investigating and relieving the wants of the needy at home. Occasional!}^ word Avould be received of the gallant conduct upon the battle field of some company from this county, and al- HISTORY OF M'DONOUCill COUNTY. 171 thoiigli hearts were niade sad ])y the fact tliat the blood of" many had been shed, yet all rejoiced that none failed to perform their duty. At the battle of Shiloh the 28th regiment distin- guished itself greatl}^ and the ranks of Co. D were decimated by the shot and shell of the enemy, but still they faltered not. At the first meeting of the Board of Supervisors held thereafter, Hon. James M. Campbell introduced the following resolution, which, on motion, was unanimously adopted : Jicftch't'd, That James M. Wallin. Esq.. the Chairman of this Board, be requested to procure and jiresent to Capt. G. L. Farwell, for his company D. 2Hth regiment. Illinois Volunteers, a national flag as a token of merit for distinguished patriotism in the battle of Shiloh, on the sixth and seventh of April last, on behalf of McDonough County, Illi- nois. On the twenty-sixth of May, 1863, Hon. B. R. Hampton pre- sented the following preamble and resolution to the Board, which, on motion of J. P. Updegraff, w^as adopted : Whereas. There has been a number of battles recently fought by General Grant's division of the army, between Jackson and Vicksburg ; and. Whekeas. Many of the citizens of McDonough county are soldiers in that division ; and, Whereas, The Sanitary Commission of Chicago have called upon the people of the State of Illinois for aid for the sick and wounded soldiers at Vicksburg ; therefore, Et'Kiilced. That we make an appropriation of one hundred dollars out of anj' county funds not otherwise appropriated, for the benefit of said sick and wounded soldiers, and the clerk is hereby directed to issue a county order for that amount, and send the money to the Chicago Sanitary Commission. During this year our armies met with a number of reverses, and doubts arose in the minds of many as to the power of the govern- ment to put down the rebellion. Organizations were formed throughout the Korth of men who favored an instant cessation of hostilities, the withdrawal of our troops from southern soil, and a compromise with the rebels. The organization was regarded as treasonable by the administration, and many of the leaders of the movement were arrested without regular warrant and incarcer- ated in various prisons, while the writ of habeas corjvis was sus- pended. A great hue and cry was raised because of this fact ; the government was denounced as tyrannical, and a forcible resistance was seriously advocated. A large number in McDonough county joined in the movement with the opposition, and party strife again ran high. Friends of long standing became enemies, and threats of personal damage were made upon both sides. Recruiting for the army was well nigh suspended, and the Union cause seemed 172 HISTORY OF M'dONOUGH COUNTY. very dark. 'At this juncture, B. R. Hampton introduced the following resolution, and asked its adoption by the Board of Su- pervisors at their session in May, 1863 : Whereas, Our nation is now involved in civil war, brought about by the acts of de- signing and unscrupulous men who seek to destroy the best government ever instituted upon the earth by man ; and believing it to be the duty of all public bodies, assembled for the purpose of transaction of public business, to throw their influence, whether it be much or little, on the side of the government and for the maintenance of its power and authority ; therefore, Jiesolrcd, That although some of us may differ with the administration in relation to some of its war policy, yet we are anxious to see the rebels subdued and forced to sub- mit to the regularly constituted authorities of the United States ; and further, that we are ojiposed to any and all projiositions for a compromise, come from what source they may, short of an unconditional surrender of the rebels to the government. Resolved, That we utterly condemn all symijathizers with the rebellion, wherever found, as also that spirit of fault-finding which is so rife among us. On motion, the subject of the adoption of the resolutions were laid upon the table, and afterward being taken therefrom, after slight amendment by Mr. Hampton, and considerable discussion ensuing, Supervisor Reid ofiered the following as a substitute for those of Mr. Hampton : Renidred, That McDonough county has been, is now, and will forever remain devotedly attached to the federal government of the United States, under the constitution which creates that government and defines its powers. Resolved, That we are in favor of destroying the rebellion, and sanction any legitimate means for the accomplishment of that pur^Dose, either through an honorable compromise of difficulties or a convention of all the States for arranging terms of mutual inter- course, leaving to every State the right to regulate their domestic affairs in their own way, subject only to the constitution. Resolved, That we sincerely regret that the President has not moved with the whole power of the army placed in his hands by a confiding but betrayed people, upon the ene- my's works, but instead thereof has made war upon unarmed and patriotic citizens of the North, whose only "'crime" has been devotion to the constitution and best interests of the country. Resolved, That we view with just alarm the repeated usurpations of power by the President and his military officers, in the arbitrary arrests and imprisoment of peace- able citizens ; in their mock trial and imprisonment ; in the attempt to overawe peaceful meetings of the people called " to petition the government for redress of grievances ; " in the arbitrary suspension of the hnheas rorpus; in the substitution of the will or whim of an irresponsible officer for the written law : that if these and other kindred usurpations are not rebuked and counteracted by the friends of law and order, then in- deed is a military despotism established over us, our constitution destroyed, and a new government destructive of our liberties inaugurated in the place of the fundamental law bequeathed to us by our fathers. Resolved, That we call upon this government to return to true and faithful allegiance to the Constitution, and to employ the remaining period of their short term of power in honest endeavors to restore the country to the condition of peace, prosperity and growth which distinguished our country before the advent of a sectional organization to power. IIISTORV OF M'dONOUGH COUNTY. 173 Resolved, That the profligate squandering of the public money by the officers under the control of President Lincoln is without a parallel for recklessness and infamy in the history of any civihzed nation ; in the language of John P. Hale, we solemnly •' believe and declare that the liberties of this country are in greater danger to-day from the corruption and profligacy practiced in the various dejiartments of this administration than they are from the open enemy in the field." liegiilred, That we request our Representative in Congress, the Hon. Lewis W. Koss, to use his best exertions to secure the repeal of the conscription bill, the indemnity bill, and all other oppressive and partisan enactments of the late Congress ; also, to oppose all measures looking toward a recognition of the independence of the Southern Confede- racy. Jie.s-iilfCfl, That in the language of Governor Seymour, " Having given the administra- tion a generous support in the war, we pause to see what kind of a government it is for which we are asked to pour out our blood and our treasures, and demand to know whether the war is waged to jjut down rebellion at the South, or destroy free institutions at the North." Pending the question of the adoption of the resolutions, Super- visor Porter offered the following as a substitute therefor, to-wit : Resolved, That we, as a Board of Supervisors, whatever shades of difference of opinion there may be among us, we are united in this, a firm and unshaken determination to stand upon the Federal Constitution — standing upon this broad basis, we are oi^posed to secession, and to suppress it, we are m favor of the use of the means guaranteed to as by a wise and benignant government, arms, amnesty, redress of grievances, an honorable compromise on all suljjects of controversy ; in short, by the use of all means that become a wise and Christian nation. Resolced, That upon this basis shall we stand till the " trump of peace shall sound." The resolutious of Mr. Porter were rejected, and those of Mr. Keid adopted. As we have l)efore remarked, enlistments for the army were slow at this time, and in order to encourage volunteers, Hon. B. K. Hampton, at the December meeting (1863) of the Board of Su- pervisors, offered tlie following resolution, wiiich was rejected by the Boai-d : Rexolced, That in addition to the bounties offered by the government of the United States for recruits, we offer a county bounty of fifty dollars to each man who is the head of a family, and twenty-five dollars to each single or unmarried man who shall hereafter enlist in the military service of the United States. The call of the government became more urgent, and as the quota of the county was not full, drafting was resorted to. We may here state that had McDonough county received credit for all who had gone from her midst, no draft would have ever l)eeii ordered here ; but many, in order to receive the large bounty oftered by other counties, went there for the purpose of eidist- ment. Hon. AVilliam H. Randolph, some time previous to this, re- 174 HISTORY OF ]\i'dONOUGH COUNTY. ceivcd tlie ap[i()intiiient of Deputy U. S. Marshall, and upon him devolved the entbrccment of the laws. It was in this duty that he met his death. The United States government was now terribl}- in earnest — men must be had. A large bounty was offered, but still not enough to tempt many to leave the comforts of home to endure the toils and privations of a soldier's life. Those who were for- merly opposed to the giving of a bounty by the county for vol- unteers, now became clamorous for it to be done at once. On the fourteenth day of December, 1864, W. H. Green, Esq., offered the following preamble and resolution which was adopted by the Board of Supervisors : Wheeeas, It haf! become necessary for the government of the United States to draft men into the service of the United States, for the purpose of suppressing the rebellion in the Southern States ; and, Wheeeas, The government of the United States does not pay a sufficient bounty to obtain volunteers for said service ; now, therefore, Rasolred, That the Board of Supervisors of the county of McDonough request William H. Neece, the Representative of this county in the Legislature of this State, to have such law or laws passed at the next meeting of the Legislature as will empower the Board of Supervisors of this county to levy a tax sufficient to enable the county to offer bounties to persons enlisting in the military service of the United States, and to enable drafted men to procure substitutes when drafted into said service. This was accordingly done, and Mr. ISTeece, in due time, intro- duced a bill before the Legislature in accordance with the provis- ions of the above request. The bill became a law, receiving the signature of the Governor. Mondaj', February 6ih, 1865, the Board of Supervisee's were called together to take action on this law. A dispatch was forwarded to Mr. l^eece inquiring into the provisions of the bill, which answer being satisfactory, Supervi- or McSperitt offered the following resolutions, and moved their adoption, viz : lieHolved by the Board of Superrisors of McBonouyh ronuty, That the sum of three hundred dollars be, and the same is, hereby appropriated to each and every volunteer that may have been, or shall be, enlisted in the military service of the United States, to fill the quota of McDonough county under the proclamation of the President of the United States, made in December, 1864, for 300,000 men to till the army : prodded, that this appropriation shall be allowed to no person who shall lie credited to any other county, city or State, and to no person who shall volunteer or present a representative substi- tute from any township after its quota under the present call shall have been tilled. Also, that the sum of three hundred dollars be, and the same is, hereby apijropriated to each person, a resident of this county, who shall be drafted under the present call, to furnish a substitute or enter the service himself : provided, further, that where townships or parts of townships have already furnished volunteers under the present call, by clubs or townships, and have paid the men so furnished, then such clubs, townships, or parts of HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. 175- townships, shall have the right to their respective shares of this appropriation, instead of the men so paid and in the service, to be paid to such person or persons as the club or township may designate ; to be divided pro ratu among all persons contributing to such club or township fund in proportion to the amount of their contribution : pron'dcd. aho, that no inhabitant of the city of Macomb shall be entitled to any part of this appropriation unless the tax to pay the same shall have been levied upon the property of said city, as well as the property of said county. For the payment of the above appropriations the Clerk of the County Court of Mc- Donough county is hereby authorized and directed to draw his order on the Treasurer of this county for the sum of three hundred dollars, payable in one year, and drawing six per cent, interest from date, in favor of each and every person volunteering, and cred- ited to the several townships and wards of said county, or their respective orders : and also to each and every drafted man (after he shall have been accepted), or his order, so far as the same may be necessarj' to fill the quota of said county : providi'd, that any order for said sum of three hundred dollars may be made in amounts of fifty dollars, if required by the person entitled thereto. The certificate of the Provost Marshall of this district, as to the names of the persons volunteering or having been drafted, and as t» the quotas of the different townships or wards of this county, shall be sufficient evidence to the Clerk to authorize him to act under the present appropriation. Various substitutes were offered for the foregoing resolutions. Among others Supervisor Provine offered one embodying the fol- lowing objections : First, that it would be unequal and unjust for those that have sons, or that have sent sons under twenty-one years of age. Second, that it is the duty and the privilege of every able-bodied man to respond to the call of his countiy in defense of his civil and religious liberties. Third, that the mak- ing of such appropriation would involve the county in such a debt as would result in bankruptcy and ruin. Previous to a vote upon the question the privilege was given to Col. L. II. "W^aters, Judge J. S. Bailey and James M. Campbell to present their views. All the various substitutes were voted down and the original resolutions of Mr. McSperitt were adopted. Mr. Hamilton afterwards (at March term, same year) endeavored to have passed a resolution exempting from taxation under the levy to raise money for the payment of the bounties certain classes^ as follows: First, those who have been themselves iu the service during the present war. Second, those who may be widows or orphans of soldiers who have served in the present war. Third, those who have hired substitutes in the present war previ- ous to the present call. Those from whose families minors have gone out as soldiers during the present war. The resolution of Mr. II. was voted down. By reference to a report made by the County Clerk to the Ad- jutant General of the State, we learn that t^cre was expended by the county as bounty money the sum of 8131.400. In addition 176 HISTORY OF I^i'dOXOUGII COUNTY. to this Mound township expended ^5,860 ; Prairie City, $18,049.39; K'ew Salem, ^6,266.50 ; a total for the county of $161,575.85. On the tirst day of jSTovember, 1864, occurred the most terrible tragedy recorded in the annals of McDonougli county. In July of this year the President of the United States issued his procla- mation for an additional number of men for the United States serv-ice; and further ordered that if the cjill was not complied with by volunteers within lifty days from date of said cull, drafting should be resorted to. Each State in the Union was di- vided into districts and sub-districts, and to each was assigned their just quota. A record of all enlistments heretofore made had been kept and each district properly credited with all volunteers reporting therefrom. McDonough county was in the Xinth Dis- trict, Capt. B. F. Westlake, of Mt. Sterling, Brown county, Pro- vost Marshal. On the fifteenth day of June, 1863, William II. Ran- dolph, of the city of Macomb, received the appointment of Depu- ty Provost Marshal, and was re-appointed Sept. 28, 1864, commis- sion to date from Sept. 15, 1864. About this time notice was ■given to the various sub-districts in the county that upon the sixth day of October, the draft for the townsliips of Eldorado, Emmet, Hire, Sciota, Industry, Bethel, Lamoine, Chalmers, Scotland, Mound, Walnut Grove and ]S"ew Salem, would take place at Mt. Sterling, and requested that committees should be appointed from each township to attend the drawing to see that it was fairl}' con- ducted. According to notice, the draft took place and a list of drafted men immediately forwarded to Captain Randolph. Upon that list appeared the name ot John Bond, of Hire township. Mr. Bond was duly notified, and failing to report according to the statute made and provided, was considered a deserter, and it be- came the duty of Captain Randolph to arrest him as such. Ac- cordingly on the morning of the first day of November, 1864, he proceeded to Blandinsville for that purpose, arriving there a lit- tle before daylight. About sunrise, he met Bond in the saloon of Chris. Sappiugton, and told him he had come for him, and asked him to go peaceably with him to Mt. Sterling. This Bond refused to do, stating that he would not go and fight for the niggers, and that the quota of his township was full, and it was unnecessary. Mr. Randolph told him he must go. Bond went out of the sa- loon, followed by Randolph, going over to the hotel of his broth- er James. Here they were met by Miles, another brother of John, who said to him, "Tour horse is ready ; it is time to take HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 177 a ride." Mr. R. then placed his hand npon John's shoulder and told him he ^vas his prisoner. Upon this, Bond drevs' his pis- tol, fired at Randolph, and then ran. Mr. 11. returned the tire, and followed him out the door, where they were again met by Miles, who also tired at him. Randolph then turned, and the Bond brothers jumped on their horses and tied the country. Ran- dolph was shot in four places, two mortal wounds being intiicted. He was taken to the house of a Mr. Hudson, where he died in about eighteen hours after being shot. Drs. Emery and Durant,. ot Blandinsville, and Jordan, of Macomb, were called in, and all that could be done for his relief was attended to, but all in vain. Coroner Sullivan held an inquest on the remains on the third inst., the jury returning a verdict that he came to his death at the hands of John Bond and Miles Bond, aided by James Bond and Ty- ler Ray, and that the act was without suflicient justitication. The next day, the fourth, the remains were brought to Macomb, and interred in Oakwood cemetery, being followed to the grave by a large procession of sincerely mourning relatives and friends. At the death of Mr. Randolph the citizens of the county offered a reward of ^5,205 for the arrest of the four accomplices in the murder, viz : John Bond, Miles Bond, James Bond, and Atilla Ray. Of this amount ]Slrs. Randolph was to give the sum of $2,000. At the March term (1865) following of the Circuit Court, the grand jury found a bill of indictment against the four- above-named persons implicated by the coroner's jury. The in- dictment against Ray, we believe, was afterwards quashed. As remarked, after having shot Captain Randolph, the Bonds tied the country, and the attempt made to capture them at the time was unsuccessful. Nothing reliable as to their whereabouts was learned by the public for several years. Frank E. Fowler, of Macomb, now of Galesburg, Illinois, then in the employ of the government as United States detective, determined, if possible, to efiect their capture. In response to a card, we received the following account of the capture of Miles Bond, from Mr. Fowler : " On Saturday, June 13, 1868, I arrested Miles AV. Bond, near the town of Sonora, Hardin county, Kentucky, for the murder of Deputy Provost Marshal William II. Randolph, on the tirst day of November, 1864. I had been on the track of Bond about three years, but when about ready to capture him 'he wasn't there.' 178 HISTORY OF m'doNOUGII COUNTY. " Some three weeks before the arrest I located Bond at the above mentioned place, and proceeded to arrange for making his arrest, which had to be done very cautiously, as he had many rel- atives and friends watching my every movement. So I gave out in your neighborhood that 1 was going to Massachusetts to visit relatives. The next you heard was a telegraphic dispatch from Louisville, Iventuck}', that the arrest had been made. "On arriving at Louisville, Bond being a desperate man, I secured the co-operation of an officer, and together we proceeded to the place of capture. Bond had just left his house and was crossing the road, at about five o'clock in the morning, when we came upon, and immediately seized him and clasped the irons upon him, without giving him any time to make the least resist- ance. He was immediately hurried oft', and arrived in Macoml) Tuesday morning, June 16, 1868, just three years four months and fourteen days from the day of the murder. Since the murder, Bond had been wandering all over the coun- try, his occupation being that of farmer, barber, miller, carpenter, etc. He took his arrest as coolly as could be expected. At first he had not much to say, but before arriving at Macomb he became quite talkative, giving all the information in regard to his life since he left the county. He had been living under the name of Samuel S. Walker. Shortly after arresting him I called him by the name of Miles, his given name, and he remarked to me, — "^That is the first time in over three years that anybody has called me by that name.' Very respectfully, "Frank E. Fowler." At the October term, 1868, the case of Miles W. Bond was call- -ed, and, on motion of his attorneys, a change of venue was taken to Schuyler county, and his trial had at the May term of the cir- cuit court of that county. L. W. James, prosecuting attorney, assisted by J). G. Tunniclift, C. F. Wheat, L. H. Waters and J. C. Bao^by, conducted the prosecution, while S. C. Judd, S. V. Shope, W. H. Neece, Robert Walker and Henry Metz appeared for the defense. A number of witnesses were examined on both sides, and the case ably argued by the attorney. The fact of the killing of Randolph by the Bonds was clearly proven, and not de- nied by the defense; in fact the defendant himself did not deny the charge against him, and in the trial of his brothers, John and James, some two years afterwards at Macomb, swore to the fact. The attorneys for the defense made the following points : First, HISTORY OF Rl'DGNOrOII COUNTY. 179 There is no record of a draft liaviiig been made. Sc(.'ond, At the time of the arrest of Joiin Hond the draft was tilled. The object of the conscript law was to raise soldiers, and consequently the force and object of the law was attained when the quota was full ; after that the Provost Marshal had no right to arrest alternates who would have been dismissed if they had reported. Third, In attempting tc arrest John Bond, he transcended his duties, and ])Ond was justified in resisting arrest. Fourth, Miles Bond, seeing the life of his brother in danger, by the law was justified in shoot- ing his antagonist. The case was ably managed upon both sides, and, after a patient hearing, it was submitted to the jury, who brought in a verdict of " not guilty." About the beginning of the year 1870 two men came to Ma- comb, having in charge Jobn and James Bond, claiming to have captured them in Missouri, and claiming the reward offered for their apprehension. Doubt was entertained as to their story, it being generally believed it was a " put up job," the Bonds desiring to surrender, and had arranged with these men to come and de- liver them up and divide with them the amount of the reward offered. It was therefore refused, and they only received about $50 to pay their expenses. At the March term, 1871, the case of John and James Bond was called, but on account of the absence of two important wit- nesses, the State's Attorney, L. W. James, obtained a continuance till the next term. At the special term, held in July following, the case was again called, but in consequence of the sudden and violent illness of Capt. B. F. Westlake, a material witness, a con- tinuance was again granted to the people. At the September term all were found ready, and on Tuesday, the twenty-sixth day of the month, the trial began. Judge Sibley, of the Adams District, presiding. Only two jurors were accepted out of the regular panel. Ninety-two others were summoned and examined before the twelve could be obtained. On the completion of the regular num- ber, the trial proceeded. For the people appeared L. W. James, Prosecuting Attorney, assisted by C. F. Wheat and D. G. Tunni- cliff. The defense was represented by Mebsrs. Judd & Neece. The trial lasted for three days. Twelve witnesses were examined for the people, and five for the defense. Fpon the points where boh were examined there was no apparent difference in their testi- 180 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. mouy. The attorneys for the defense did not den}' the tact of the killing, but based their whole argument upon the question of the illegality of the action of Mr. Randolph in the attempted ar- rest. They claimed that no sucfi an ofhcer as Deputy Provost Marshal was recognized b}' the United States Government; that Mr. Randolph was acting without due authority, consequently be was a trespasser, and in laying his hand upon John Bond he com- mitted an assault, and theretore the killing was justifiable in law. Mr. James, the prosecuting attorney, showed from the evidence that Randolph was recognized by the government ; that he re- ceived pay in the discharge of his duties; that ]>ond thoughthim an officer ; that the community all acknowledged his authority; and, even if authority was denied, the murder was not justifiable and could not be. The judge read quite a lengthy charge to the jury, and they retired about four or itive o'clock in the afternoon. About four o'clock in the morning \vord was sent to the judge that a verdict was agreed upon, when he immediately called the court to order. The prisoners were sent for, and at this unrea- sonable hour a verdict of " not guilty" was rendered, and John and James Bond were allowed their liberty. After the passage of the resolution by the Board of Supervisors in which they offered a bounty of $300 to enlisted or drafted men, volunteering rapidly increased, and our quota was soon filled, the last volunteers leaving the county about February, 1865. Fortunately no more were required, the rebellion being nearly at an end. The news of the tall of Richmond was received with great joy by every loyal citizen of the county. It was looked upon as a harbinger of peace. But joy was soon succeeded by sorrow.' On the morning of the fifteenth of April, 1865, news was received of the assassination of President Lincoln, and grief overspread the face of every one. Business houses were closed and appropri- ately draped in mourning. Church bells tolled forth the sad in- telligence that, by tlie hands of a cowardly assassin, the great and noble A)>raham Lincoln had been stricken down. In squads of two or three, people wandered listlessly about, or retired to the privacy of their own closets, to commune with the Almighty Father, and pray that no further calamity might befall our coun- try. On the following Sabbath day every church was draped iu mourning, and services appropriate to the occasion were held. HISTORY OF m'dOXOUGII COUNTY. 181 Time passed, and the rebellion was bronght to an end ; and peace was proclaimed throughout the length and breadth ot the land. All throughout the country the shouts went up from lojal hearts, and as our " brave boys in blue" returned_, the joy increased. The war over, the sacrifice made, and the Union saved ! That McDonough county men nobly did their duty in this great cause, the records of Donelson, Shiloh, Chickamauga, Chancellorville, Mission Eidge, and a hundred other battle fields, will duly testify. But now those that are left are gatheredat home, atid occasionally the}'' recount to us the scenes of those terrible times, and our hearts almost cease to beat as they describe the battles in which our brothers were engaged, and tell us how, where the strife raged the fiercest, there fell so many of their brave comrades ; or how, one by one, in the dreary prison pens of the South, or in the hospitals, passed away from earth those who but a short time previous were full of health and hope. But how sad our hearts are made to see in so many households the vacant chair and wit- ness the longing look of some loved ones there, who seem to expect that which can never come to pass upon this side of the Jordan ot death — the reunion of those who are gone before with those that are left. But amid all this, we have a country saved, and should we not be thankful to the Great Father of All that it was in our power to make the sacrifice by which all this was accomplished? H— 12 182 HrsTORY OF m'donough county. CirAPTER XVIIL THE WAR — IN THE FIELD. If time and space allowed, gladly would we follow our brave soldier boys to the tented field and recount the individual acts of bravery ot one and all ; but this we cannot do, and can only speak iu general terms, giving a short description of such regi- ments as were composed in good part of men from this county. Our soldiers, we find, are as modest as brave, and not disposed to volunteer information for publication, so that for what we do give we have had to depend principally upon our public records. Beginning in order of enlistment, we come to the SIXTEENTH INFANTRY. The Sixteenth Infantry, Illinois Volunteers, was organized and mustered into the United States service at Quincy, Illinois, under the " Ten Regiment Act," on the twenty-fourth day of May, 1861. It w^as mustered in by Capt. T. G. Pitcher, U. S. A., June 12th, 1861 ; moved to Grand river. Mo., as railroad guard, after which the regiment was scattered along the line ot the II. & St. Jo. road as guard, rluly 10, Col. Smith's force, though attacked at Monroe Station ])y sixteen hundred mounted rebels, held its position until the arrival of reinforcements, when the enemy fled. On tlie six- teenth, lost two men killed and two wounded at Caldwell Station. August 20, regiment moved under Gen. Ilurlbut to Kirksville in pursuit of Gen. Green, arriving at Honeyville Sept. 1. Sept. 10, ordered to St. Joseph, Mo. On the fourteenth, together with the Third Iowa Infantr}', had a skirmish at Platte City; seven- teenth, returned to St. Joseph. Jan. 27, ordered to Bird's Point, Mo. March 3, ordered to New Madrid, where they were attached to the army of Mississippi, Second Brigade, Col. James D. Mor- gan, First Division, Brigadier General E. x\. Paine. HISTORY OF m'donou'jh county 183 On the evening of the twelfth of March the Tenth and Six- teenth lilinois Volunteers were thrown forward and erected aline ■ot earthworks, mounting four heavy guns, within a half mile of the enemy's works. March 13, the battle of New Madrid was fought, the Sixteenth supporting the siege guns. April 7, were landed on the opposite side of the Mississippi with the Tenth Illinois, and followed tne retreating enemy to Tipton- ville, Tenn., where they captured 5,000 prisoners, a large amount of artillery, small guns and ammunition. April 9, returned to Xew Madrid; 13th, embarked for Osceola, Ark.; 17th, embarked for Hamburg, Tenn., where they arrived on the 22d ; participated in the siege of Corinth ; after the evacua- tion pursued the retreating enemy to Booneville. June 12, re- turned and camped at Big Springs. July 20, moved to Tuscum- bia ; 29th, crossed the Tennessee at Florence. September 15, arrived at Is^ashville after a seventeen-days' march, with continual guerrilla fighting. Loss, one killed and five wounded. Garrisoned Edgefield, guarding railroad bridge, Xovember 5 ; garrison was attacked by rebel General Morgan, who was re- pulsed, leaving many dead upon the field. Loss, one killed and five wounded, including Captain Rowe ; was in the Atlanta cam- paign ; mustered out July 8, 1865, at Louisville, Ky.; arrived at •Camp Butler July 10, 1865, for final payment and discharge. There were two hundred and twenty-eight in the regiment from this county, divided into six companies, and during the war the casualties were five killed, tAvelve wounded, and fifteen died. Nothwithstanding the life of a soldier on active duty is one of toil and danger, still a little time is found for amusements, and some good anecdotes are related by the boys. While this regi- ment was stationed at Memphis, a couple of Irishmen found time to pay court to a pretty Irish maiden residing there. Jealousy existed in the liearts of both, and each did his level best to win the good graces of the fair one, while at the same time he would utterly demolish his rival. One evening both happened to call upon the loved one at the same time, and fell to demeaning each other in her presence. Becoming tired of this they began bragging of their ancestors. One said his father was a very wealthy man in the old countrv and a lineal descendant of a 184 HISTORY OF JI'dOXOUGH COUNTY. noble loi'd. The other responded, " I can't say my father is very wealthy and a descendant of a lord, but I can say he came to this country when a poor boy and became a great builder and archi- tect, planning some of the finest buildings and works of art in this country ; in fact, lie was the principal architect of the !N'atural Bridge in Virginia ! " " Take the girl," said the other, " I have nothing more to say." In the regiment was a German going by the name of Solomon, an easy-going, good-natured soul. One day he came into camp from a foraging expedition, and related an adventure of his, as follows: "As I vas coming along te road, somepody he behint me hol- lered out, ' Get out of te road.' I taught it was some tam cavalry man, and I paid no 'tention to him. Butty soon he hollers out again, 'Get out of te road you tam son of a pitch.' I tought ten it vas somepody vot knowd me, ven he callt me py name, and I looks around, and dere vas John Bope (Gen. Pope), and I gets out of te road butty quicks." While in Missouri, General Pope, for some cause, took a dislike to this regiment, and charged them with being a set of thieves, and said they would steal everything they could lay their hands on. Afterward, at Tiptonville, this regiment, with the 10th Illi- nois, captured five thousand prisoners without the rebels firing a gun, which, when General Bope heard of, he enquired of General Payne how it was done. The question was overheard by a member of the regiment, who quickly responded, " General, I can tell you how it was done. The 16th stole all their ammunition and they couldn't fire." On a long march the men were apt to break ranks, which being- observed, tlie order was given to " close up," which order was carried all along the line. On one occasion a large number of ''contrabands" were following the regiment when this order was given. An old colored lady, thinking the order was meant for her, raised her clothes a little above her ankles, and turning to the officer near her who gave the command, innocently asked, "Is that high enough, massa?" The following letter, which we give precisely as received, with- out the change of a single word, was received by Captain Rowo while the regiment was station&d- af'St. J6seph'.'"^'It'-V^'tid^dless"to say the Captain, beings a •"'gintlema'il'that-he-W-a'§,'f rilftde the'-bdy'^ p^y'th'cir just' debts, and immediately fbtwai*dedt'hfe^"fehx^bl:lai'S-''^ n "io h' ■ ' i;o'j bio odi n'l mun ■fiiliao-rf HISTORY OF m'doxough county. 185 to the lady. For this kind deed we have no douht the h^dy has ahvays hehl liini in kind rorneniljrance : • Tha Sixty o Quancy Nov 1, 1861. Captain Rowe. — Aiit yer company after bcin ashamed o' yerselves to let a pure widdy go wid no pay 4 munths when u hev yer one pay long sense ye rite wel no I did yer washin when yer were in this sitty an ye hev never ben the men to pay an not let the childers cryin fer bred drab yer eis ma ye never be after bein hungry childers yerselves. wid a mothers hart in ye at all. now that ye ma niver forget it my name is Catharine O'SuUivan an did the washin fur companie C whin Captain Cahill wus the after bein the boss Captain and jeems Barnett was the Clark an he sed he wud se it pade wil ye no dear Captin liowe tha do sa ye ar after bein dacent gintleman yearself an wuld niver like ter se yer one childers cri fur bred wunt ye be as a gude man as ye are hilp me get the 6 dolirs that companie C oes me fur washin when I walked a mile an a half to git it an fatch it home twice almost every weak when tha wur at Kemp wut Michael Reedy noes I did the wurk so dus michael lynch no it, I an wil tel ye the same if yer onor wil but ask him an he wus married when he was at Quancy an a dacent man he seamed But Jim Barnet tuk the names fur me an he can tel best that tha oe me sax dolirs fur wash- in an will testify on the cross if he stil in companie c yet an wil tel the trooth about it. Catherine O'SuUivan To Captin Howe Michael lynch or Eeedy or Jeems Barnet who all no the Captin noe that companie c oes me sax dollars. Wel ye plase try an get the muny fur the lady as shea is very pure an neads it muck an got me to rite for her sent it to Mr. Newton Fagg for Catherine O'Sulliven sax dolirs. On the departure of the companies for the 16th regiment the enlistment of other men did not cease. The war fever was up, und hundreds were ready to do and die for their country. In July, 1801, L. II. Waters, G. L. Farwell, and W. F, Bayne raised com- l)anies and proceeded to Springfield. The companies raised by Waters and Farwell were consolidated, with Farwell as Captain, Waters becoming Lieutenant-Colonel of the regiment. J. D. Walker was also busilj' engaged in making up a company, which is next in order. COMPANY II — SECOND CAVALRY. This company was organized at Macomb, Illinois, by J. D. AValker, and accepted by the Governor Juh' 24, 18t)l. ' The com- pany went into quarters at Camp Butler, Springfield, August 5, and was uiustered into the United States service August 12, 1861, remained in the State until Xovember 12, 1861, when they were ordered to Paducah, Kentucky, where they were partly armed and equipped. From here they made several important reconnois- sances into the interior of Kentucky. They were ordered to Colum- bus, Kentucky, March 11,, 1862, being the first Union soldiers to enter that rebel stronghold ; Ijcre tliey remained until ^larcli 23, 1862, when they were ordered to Hickman, Kentucky. March 31 186 HISTORY OF m'do.NOUGH COUNTY. they were part of the force that attacked and captured Uniou City, then a rebel camp of instruction. Keturned to Hickman and remained until July 9, 1862, when they were ordered to Union City, thence to Crocket Station,'and from there to Trenton, Ten- nessee, arriving June 18th. Their duty while here was arduous, having considerable scouting to do, the country being alive with guerriUas. July 27th they scouted toward Brownsville, and for seventeen days were continually skirmishing with the guerrillas. Returned to their camp at Trenton, and was ordered to Jackson,. Tennessee, August 25, and the 29tli to Bolivar, Tennessee, where they arrived on the 30th, and were immediately ordered into ac- tion, in which the noblest othcer of the regiment, Lieutenant- Colonel Hogg, was killed. The casualties of the regiment were heavy, but in Company H were light. While in camp at Bolivar they scouted in Haywood county, destroying Captain Haywood's guerrilla band by capturing his camp, equipage, and forty men. The regiment was ordered to Lagrange, Tenn., November 5, 1862, from which they made several reconnoissances, one in the direction of Larmar, where they brought on an engagement with the reb- els, driving them away and taking possession of the field with eighty prisoners. Company H meeting with slight losses. On the twenty-eighth of November they took the advance of the army, moving through Holly Springs to Abbeyville, returned t© Holly Springs Dec. 2, and went into camp. The rebel General Van Dorn made a raid upon Holly Springs Dec. 20, 1862. After two hours hard fighting the rebels, with overwhelming numbers, drove this regiment from their place, it losing one hundred and sixty killed, wounded and missing. Jan. 1, 1863, ordered to Memphis, where they had an opportunity to recuperate some. On the twenty-second of February, moved to Young's Point, ar- riving the twenty-third, and March 14 ordered to Milliken's Bend, where they remained until the movement on Alcksburg commenced, this regiment taking the advance. March 31, moved on Richmond, La., where they engaged the rebels across the bayou, which, after one hour's fighting, they captured. Left Richmond April 5, moving down Round Away Bayou, skirmish- ing with rebel Colonel Hanson's command. April 14, camped at Smith's plantation; moved from here, crossing A'idel and Mill bayous in flatboats, and encamped at St. Joseph, La., the twenty- eighth. Crossed the Mississippi at Bruinsburg, May 1, and ar- rived at Big Sandy the fifth. The duties of this regiment were HISTORY OF m'dONOUGIT COUNTY. 187 heavy, having to picket the front of Osterhaus, and Ilovey's Divi- sions, and watching the flanks at tlie battle of Champion Hills. ^ray 16, 1863, they arrived at Big Black river, and the next day made the first reconnoissance in the rear of A'icksburg. They were engaged in scouting in the Yazoo Valley until June 9, 1863, when they were ordered to Big Black Bridge, on the Vicksburg and Jackson road, remaining until July 5, when they advanced on Jackson, Tl'ey skirmished heavily with the rebels four days, and arrived at Jackson on the ninth, and on the sixteenth were ordered to scout to Brookhaven, seventy-five miles below Jackson. Returned July 20, and were ordered to Yicksburg, where they ar- rived July 28, 1863. August 5 were ordered down the Mississippi river to iSTatchez, remaining until the fifteenth, when they were ordered to Carrollton, La., and tSept. 5 to Morganza, La., where they skirmished with the rebels fifteen days, and on the twenty- ninth the rebels brought on a general engagement, compelling them to retreat. Oct. 9, 1863, they reported to General Lee at New Orleans, and on the fifteenth left for Brashear City, arriving on the seventeenth, and at Franklin the eighteenth, Xew Ibera the nineteenth, at Vermilionville Oct. 20, 1863. On the twenty- tirst they advanced on the Bayou Teche road, and brought on an engagement with the enemy, meeting slight losses. Xov. 1, re- turned to Vermilionville, and on the eleventh engae:ed the rebels at Carrion Crow Bayou Crossing, one killed and three wounded. Jan. 5, 1864, ordered to !N^ew Orleans to recuperate, they arriving the fifteenth. The company was mustered out Xov. 22, 1865. There were in this company, from McDonough county, ninety- one men, four of whom were killed, four died, and four wounded. TWENTY-EIGHTH INFANTRY. The 28th Infantry, Illinois Volunteers, was organized at Camp Butler, Illinois, in August, 1861, by Lieutenant-Colonel Louis II. NVaters and Major Charles J. Sellon. August 28, ordered to Thebes, Illinois; September 9, to Bird's Point, Missouri ; October 2, to Fortllolt, Kentucky, and remained until January 31, 1862, in Colonel John Cook's brigade. In the meantime engaged in several marches south and east from the fort. January 81, moved to Paducah, Kentucky, and were assigned to Colonel M. Smith's brigade, l>rigadier-General Lew AValiace's division; February 5, moved up Tennessee river; on the sixth 188 lil.SToKV OK .m"jjONOIJ(,II CUU.NTY. took part in the capture of Forts Henry and Herman ; February 13, a detachment of forty-eight men and twelve ofhcers, under Colonel Johnson, met the enemy (five hundred strong), at Little Bethel Church, five miles from Fort Henry, and immediately attacked and routed them. March G, having been assigned to General Hurlbut's (fourth) division, moved to Pittsburg Landing, arriving the seventeenth. Earl}' on the morning of the sixth of April the regiment was called into line and marched half a mile to the front, where it met the enemy driving General Trentiss. It was assigned to a position on the left of the line, in the Peach Orchard. The enemy immediately attacked it, but were repulsed ; and it held its position from 8 o'clock A. M. until 3 P. M., only then retiring under orders from Brigadier-General S. A. Hurlbut, commanding the Old Fighting Fourth Division. On the morning ot the sev- enth it held a position on the right of the line, and was hatly engaged until the battle closed and the victory won. During those two long, trying, bloody days the regiment behaved nobly, and was never broken or driven back by the enemy, though often most heavily pressed. The regiment here sustained a loss of two hundred and thirty-nine killed and wounded. It was engaged in the siege of Corinth during the month of May, 1862. Marched to Memphis, via Grand Junction, Lagrange, Holly Springs, Moscow, Lafayette, CoUiersville and Germantown, reaching Memphis July 21, 1864. Marched September 6, reaching Bolivar the fourteenth; marched October 4th to Big Muddy river; October 5, engaged in the battle of Metamora, on Hatchie river, losing ninety-seven killed, wounded and missing. Eeturned to Bolivar October 7, and left for Lagrange I^^ovember 3. Marched from Lagrange, Xovember 'J9, to Holly Springs; thence to Lump- kin's Mill, AVaterford, Abbeville and Oxford to Tocona creek; December 21, to Tocona station; thence to Tallahatchie river, Waterford, Lumpkin's Mills, and December 30 was assigned to duty of guarding the railroad from Holly Springs to Waterford, Mississippi. January 8, 1863, marched via Holly Springs to Moscow^ and Lafayette ; returned and camped at CoUiersville, where it was assigned to guard railroad. Regiment at this time iDeing in the Third Brigade, Fourth Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, was en- gaged in the siege of Yicksburg, from June 11 to July 4, 1863. msTOKY OF m'donou(;ii county. 189 On the 12tli of July, 1803, near Jackson, Miss., the 28t]i, 41st and 53d Illinois, and 3d Iowa Infantry, not exceeding eight hnn- dred men, were ordered to charge across an open level corn field, some six hnndred yards, and carry a strong line of the enemy's works, mounting twelve guns and manned by at least two thou- sand men. The brigade swept gallantly forward under a destruc- tive fire of grape, canister and minie bullets. The enem}" ap- pearing upon both iianks as it reached the ditch, itwas compelled to fall hack, ivith a loss of more than, half of the rank and file killed or iroanded. Tlie eight companies of this regiment in line, num- bering one hundred and twenty-eight men, lost seventy-three killed and wounded, and sixteen taken prisoners. September 1, 1863, the 28th formed part of an expedition from IS'atcbez to Harrisonburg, compelling the enemy to evacuate Fort Beauregard. The regiment remained at Xatchez doing provost guard duty in the city. The regiment re-enlisted as veterans, and on July 4, 1864, was mustered for three years' veteran service, and May 18, proceeded to Illinois for veteran furlough. May 29, every man who had been furloughed reported at Camp Butler, 111., and the regiment moved for Natchez. October 10, the regiment was consolidated into four companies, and on the" 12th embarked for Morganzia, La. ISTovember 3, em- barked for mouth of White river; arrived the 7th; left the 20th ; arrived at Mempjhis the 22d. Here the regiment received two hundred recruits, which were organized into two companies; was assigned to the 1st Brigade District of West Tennessee — Major General C. C. Washburne, commanding ; December 21, formed part of an ex[)edition to Moscow; arrived the 23d, and returned to Memphis the 31st. On January 3, I860, embarkc5. Hogan, Augustus, Macomb, enlisted Aug, 6, 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864, term expired. Ingram, Rilev, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861, Re-enlisted as veteran. Mustered out Not. 22, 1865. Jacobs, Mark F., MacDmb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864. Johnston, Henry, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Dischiirged April 14, 1863. Kohule, John, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged .\\ig. 11, 1864. Kinkade, Mack, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged March 16, 1862. Limberge, Henry, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, promoted to Sergeant- Major. Morgan, James G., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864. McMahon, Thad. ('., Macomb, enlistod .\ug. 6, 1861. Discharged for promotion Aug. 1, 1862. Munson, William F., Macomb, enlisted .Vug. 6, 1S61. Discharged Aug. 11, 1862. Metis, John H., Macomb, enlisted .\ug. 6, 18t)l. Re-enlisted as veteran, deserted Sept. 11, 1865. McClure, James, Mncoinb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged .Nfarch 20, 1862, disability. Martin, Charles E., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 6, l.s61. Disi harged Aug. 11, 1864. Alarkham, Daniel, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864. Markham, Henry L., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6. 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864. Norwood, Douglas, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 6, istil. Dischargfd .\ng. 18, 1862. Oertel, Jacob, Macomb, enlisted .\ng. 6, 1861. Killed at Hdllv Springs. Dec. 20, 1862. Payton, John, Bushnell, enli.-;ted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged for luoniotion, June 13, 1863. Rickets, Rival, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Dischiirged .March 20, 1862, di.sabilily. Rickets, Green, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged Oct. 18, 1862, disability. Seiberling. Henry M, Blandinsville. enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864, Corporal. Shannon, John, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864, Corporal. Tyson, Charles F., Tenne.s.sce, enlisteil Ait June 22, 1865. Dark, Samuel A., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862. Discharged Dec. 18, 1863, disability. Dunham, George, Blandinsville, enlisted Feb. 16, 1864. Transferred to Company E., mustered out June 22, 1865. Freeland, Charles, Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 5, 1863. 'Mustered out May 27, 1865. Edward, Edmonds, Macomb, enlisted March 15, 1864. Transferred to Co. K., mustered out Nov. 22. 186,5. Huff, James E., Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 5, 1863. Mustered out Nov. 22, 1865. Jackson, Edwin, Macomb, enlisled Sept. 14, 1862. Mustered out June U, 1865. Jewett, A. v., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 27, 1864. Mustered out June 11, 1865. Kinkade, John H., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862. Died at CarroUton, La., Aug. 23, 1863. Keithley, Andrew, Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 5. 1863. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov. 22, 1865. Knowles, Robertson B., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8. 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out June 11, 1865. Lee, (icorge W., Macomb, enlisted Nov. .5, 1863. Transferred to Co. C, deserted Sept. 20, 1865. Markham, Aaron, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran, died at Baton Rouge, La. Markham, Daniel, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862. Mustered out June 11, 1865. Markham, Archey, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out June 11, 186.5. Michaels. William F., Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 5, 1863. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov. 22, 1865. Morgan, Isaac L., Bethel, enlisted Nov. 24, 1864. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Pace, Andrew J., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out June 11, lSfi5. Rickets, Pleasant G., Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 5, 1863. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov. 22, 1865. Rouse, Levi 11., Blandinsville, enlisted Feb. 16, 1864. Veteran recruit. Sullivan, John, Macomb, enlisted March 11, 1864. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov. 22, 1865. Schultz, John H., Macomb, enlisted March 11, 1861. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov. 22, 1865. Tift, Semer B., Blandinsville, enlisted Feb. 16, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 22, 1865. Venard, Josephus B., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 2, 1861. Promoted Captain. Tift, Silas J., Blandinsville, enlisted Feb. 16, 1864. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov. 22, 1865. Venard, George G., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8. 1862. Discharged March 15, 1863. Wagle, William A., Middletown, enlisted March 26, 1864. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov. 22, 1865. Wright, Hiram B, New Salem, enlisted Jan. 18,1864. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov. 22, 1864. Webb, Silas H., Blandinsville, enlisted Feb. 16, 1864. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov. 22, 1865. Chapman, Amos, Macomb, enlisted Sept. 1, 1864. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov, 22, 1865. Dickens, Joshua, Macomb, enlisted Sept. 1. 1864. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov. 22, 1865. Lightfood, Armsted, Macomb, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov.22, 1865. Scott, Thomas, Macomb, enlisted Sept. 1, 1864. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov, 22, 1865. SEVEXTH CAVALRY. COMPANY K. Adams, Matthew, Prairie City, enlisted March 3, 1865. Absent sick at muster out of regiment. <;ustass(>n, .Alexander, I'rairie City, March 3, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865. Jamieson, Lewis M., Prairie C;ity, Slarch 3, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 27, 1865. Nelson, Enoch, Prairie City, March 3, 1865. Died at Louisville, Ky , Sept. 29, 1865. Smith, Lewis M., Prairie C:uy, Feb. 2, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865. COMPANY L. Captain George M. Scott, Bnshnell, commmissioned Aug 21, 1861. Resigned July 3, 1862. €ai-tain Scjuire A. Epperson, Bnshnell, commissioned July 3, 1862. Term expired Nov. 12, 186.5. HISTORY OF M'DONOrcni COUNTY. 209 Captnin Paniel M. Wilt, Biishnell, commissioned Nov. 12, 1S6J. Mustered out Nov. 4, 180.5. First Lieutenant Warren W. Porter, New Sulem, commissioned Aug. 21, 1S61. Term expired Oct. 15, 1861. First Lieutenant .Tamos Price. Kldorado, commissioned Oct. 15, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865. Second Lieutenant Squire A. Epperson, Huslinell, commissioned Au.?. 21, 1861. Promoted. Second Lieutenant Daniel M. Wilt, Hushnell, commissioned .July:?, 1862. Promoted. Secoud Lieutenant Klijah F. Martin, Bushnell, commissioned April 25,1865. Commission can- celled. Second Lieutenant Lewis Pickel, New Salem, commissioned Aug. 11, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865. Quartermaster Sergeant Alexander W. Scott, Bardolph, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Re-enlisted as vet- eran, mustered out Nov. 5, 1865. Sergeant Israel Markham, Bardolph, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. A[ustered out Oct. 15, 1864. Sergeant James W. Lancy, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 1. 1861. Mustered out Oct. 15, 1864. Sergeant John R. Sperling, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 1. 1861. Mustered Oct. 15, 1864. Sergeant Eliab Martin, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Re-enlisted veteran, mustered out Nov. 5, 1865. Corporal Lester Husted, New Salem, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 2, 1864, wounded. Corporal Alexander Lockard, New Salem, enlisted Sept. 1, 1S61. Killed at Birds Point, Mo., Jan. 10, 1862. Corporal John T. Lancy, Bu-shnell, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Discharged Nov. 23, 1862, disability. Corporal Heniy B. Parvin, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 1. l.'^Ol. Mustered out Oct. 15, 1864. Corporal George Stansbury, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Mustered out Oct. 15, 1864. Dewey, George I., Prarie City, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out Nov. 4, 186.5. Francis, Henry H., Colchester, enlisted Sept. 1, 1801. Re-enlisted veteran, mustered out Nov. 4, 1865, Hammer, John. Bardolph, Sept. 1, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out Nov. 4, 1865. Harris, Alexander, Bardolph, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Discharged May 16, 1862, disability. Uopwood, Josephus, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 1, 1801. Mustered out Oct. 25, 1804. Lambert, David, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Re-enlisted veteran, corporal, sick at muster out. Lair, Daniel, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Killed at Birds Point, Mo, Jan. 10, 1862. Long, Henry, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 1. 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out Nov. 5, 1865. Meyers, Christian, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Killed at Birds Point, Mo., Jan. 10, 1862. Myers, Frederick, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Discharged Oct. 15, 1862, disability. Price, James, Eldorado, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, promoted. Schall, Samuel S., Macomb, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Died at Oxford, Miss., Dec. 7, 1862, wounds. Wilt, Daniel M., Bn.shnell, enlisted Sept, 1, 1861. Promoted. Wilson, James M., Bardolph, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Mustered out Oct. 15, 1864. Wilson, James, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Mustered out Oct. 15, 1864. Adcock, Joseph, Eldorado, enlisted Nov. 2, 1S61. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July 8. 1865. Atkinson, Charles, Macomb, enlisted Nov. 3, 1861. Mustered out Oct. 15, 1864. Adock, George L., New Salem, enlisted Feb. 22, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865. Allison, Samuel, Bethel, enlisted April 4, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865. Brown, William B., New Salem, enlisted August 28, 1862. Mustered out July 12, 1865. Burnett, Daniel D., New Salem, enlisted August iO, 1802. Discharged April 8, 1863, disability. Boughner, Christian, Mound, enlisted Feb. 14, 1805. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865. Campbell, Jahn A., Walnut Grove, enlisted April 7, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865. Epperson, John L., New Salem, enlisted Aug. 20, 1862. Mustered out July 12, 1865 Husted, Marion, New Salem, enlisted Dec. 16, 1863. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1805, as corporal. Eveland, Charles B., Mound, enlisted P'eb. 9, 1865. Mustered outNov. 4, 1865. Elliott, Jasper S., New Salem, enlisted March 1, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865. Henry, Lorenzo D., Mound, enlisted Feb. 9, 1805. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865. John.son, Nathaniel L., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 4, 1862. Mtistered out July 12, 1865. Jones, Thomas {;., New Salem, enlisted Feb. 28, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 4, 186.5. Matthewson, Josiah C, New Salem, enlisted August 24, 1862. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865. Mitchell, Levi, Macomb, enlisted Sept. 2, 1862. Mustered out July 12, 1865. .McDerniott, Patrick, New Salem, enlisted Decern 1 je r 1(\ lMi:i. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865. Markham, Frank, Prairie City, enlisted Aug, 20, 1804. Mustered out July 12, 1865. Markham, Hiram, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 3, 1«01. Discharged for disability. Markham, Harrison, Mound, enlisted Feb. 9, 1805. iJustercd out Nov. 4, 186.5. .McGinnis, John, New Salem, enlisted Feb. 2n, 1805. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865. Myers. James J., Walnut Grove, enlisted March 7, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865. McClure, Winslow, MouJid, enlisted Feb. 9, l.s6.5. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Park, William B., New .Salem, enlisted August 11, l.MVJ. Died at Baton Rouge, La., July 14, 1863. Pyle, Benjamin F., New Salem, enlisted Aug. 20, 18(i2. Died at LaGrange, Tenn , Feb. 15, 1863. Schall, John L., Macomb, enlisted Nov. 2, 1861. Discharged May 6, l,'<62, disability. Scott, Seymore R., Mound, enlisted March 7, 1865. Mustered out Aug, 23, 1865, Thompson, Henry, New Salem, enlisted Aug, 4, 1862. Died at Memphis, May 5, 1864. Wi.ssler, Jonas, New Salem, enlisted .March 1, 1862. Mustered out March 11, 1805. Willis, William II., New Salem, enlisted April 11, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865, as corporal. Wooley, Lewis B., New Salem, enlisted Feb. 28, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1875. White, William J., Mound, enlisted March 7, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865. EIGHTH CAVALRY. COMPANY G. Danley, William L., Macomb, enlisted Sept. 14, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; absent sick at muster out. Delaney, Dennis, Macomb, enlisted Sept. 14, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 17, 1865. 210 HISTORY OF m'donough county. Edmiston. Juiul's ('., Macomb, enlisted Sept. 14, 18G1. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mu.stored out July 17. 1S05. I.uton, Samuel, Macfnnb, enlisted Sept. 11, ISfil. Discharged Nov. 4, lSfi2 ; di.sability. Luther, James, Macomb, enlisted Sept. 14, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 17, 1SC.5. Lear, John W.. Macomb, enlisted Sept. 14, 18C1. Re-enlisted as veteran; absent sick at muster out. O'Brian , James, Macomb, enlisted Sept. 14, 1861 . Re-enlisted as veteran ; discharged Feb. 9, ISCS ; disnbilitv. Woobiry, (feorge, Macomb, enlisted Sept. 14. 1831. Died at Camp Relief, D. C, May 20, 18G4. ELEVENTH CAYALRV. COMPANY I. Captain Ilarvey T. OrPKP, Prairie City, commissioned April 18, 1862. Resigned Sept. 2.3, 1B62. Captiiin William R. Hays, Blandmsviile, commissioned Sept. 23, 1862. Promoted Major; mustered out July 1. 1865. First Lieutenant Joseph Edell, Blandinsville, commissioned June 6, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30. 186.5. Second Lieutenant John H. Hays, Blandinsville, commissioned Sept. 23, 1862. Dismissed Aug. 26, 1864. Second Lieutenant Henry C. Fuller, Macomb, commissioned June 6, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865. Sergeant John II. Ilays, Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 7, 1861. Promoted, Sergeant Martin V. (iwen, Blandinsville, enlisted Oct. 10. 1861. Corporal Tlifophilus Speillman, Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 10, 1861. Re-enlistcd as veteran: mustered out .Sept. 30. Isti5. Corporal Robert S. Brooking, Macomb, enlisted Nov. 15, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Sept. 30, 1865. Corporal Adam S. Zimmermann, Walnut Grove, enlisted Oct. 17, 1861. Bntterlleld, C. \V., Middletown, enlisted Nov. 20, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Sept. 30, 1S65. Camp, Edward S. Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 15, 1861. Discharged. Calkins, George \V.. Macomb, enlisted Nov. 15. 1861. Drowned in Clear creek while scouting. Cox, R. S., Middletown, enlisted Nov. 20, 1861. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps Feb. 11, 1864. Davidson. Henrv C, Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 15, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Sept. 30, 1865. Duncan, Elijah, Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 2, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Sept. 30, i.sori. Edell, Joseph. Blandinsville. enlisted Nov. 15, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; promoted. Friend, Tnomas J., Middletown, enlisted Nov. 7, 1861. Discharged Jan. 8, 1863. Freeland, Fleming F., Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 15, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran: mustered out Sept. :ho, 1865. Gates, George C, Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 20, 1861. Killed at Bethel, Tenn., June 18, 1862. Graves, William C, Macomb, enlisted Nov, 10, 1861. Gove, Charles, Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 15, 1861. Re-enlisted veteran ; discharged Aug. 12, 1865. Hays, Levi S., Blandin.sville, enlisted Nov. 15, 1861. Discharged Jan. 26, 1862. Holler, Joseph, Macomb, enlisted Nov. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Sept. 30, 186.5. Hume, Robert AV., Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 15, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Sept. 30, 186."). Keithley, Francis M., Blandin.sville, enlisted Nov. 7, 1861. Discharged June 7, 1862. Kirkpatrick, William B,, Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 7, 1861. Lowe, Austin, Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 10,1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Sept. .30. 186.'S. McKinnpv, Ephraim, Macomb, enlisted Nov. 20, 1861. Died at Memphis, Tenn. Metcalf, William E., Blandinsville. enlisted Nov. 20, 1861. Discharged Aug. 21, 1862. Mayhugli, McCuUum, Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 20, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Sept. oO, 1865. McQueen, Arlow, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 14, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Sept. 30, 1865. Pennington, Thomas, Industrv, enlisted Nov. 15, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Sept. 30. 1.S65. Pennington, Allen, Industrv, enlisted Nov. 15, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; discharged Aug. 4, 1865; (lisahility. Schenck, Pliillip, Mncomb, enlisted Nov. 10, 1861. Died at St. Louis, Aug. 1, 1*62. Spirva, F. M., Middletown, enlisted Nov. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Sept. 30, ISfifS. Webster, Francis B., Macomb, enlisted Nov. 10, 1861, Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Sept. 30, 1865. Weston, Benjamin F.. Bardolph, enlisted Nov. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Sept. 30, 1805 : sergeant. Bushnell, Homer, Blandinsville, enlisted March 25, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 186.5. Bughman, James K. P , Blandinsville, enlisted March 26, 1S64. Mustered out .Sept. .30, 1865. Bailey, William S., Blandinsville, enlisted March 22, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1365. Butler, Ozias, Blandinsville, enlisted, Jan. 1, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Sept. 30. 1865. Butler, Harrj- R., Blandinsville, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862. Discharged Oct. 25, 1862. r.ourson, Andrew, Walnut Gove, enlisted ivfarch 7, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865. Cunningham, William. Prairie City, enlisted March 4, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUKTV. 211 Coe, Edward D., Blaudinsville, enlisted Oct. 1'), 18()'2. Discharged Oct. SI, ISfi:?, for promotion. Davis, Reuben A., Prairie (^ity, enlisted March 4, 1805. Mustered out Sept. 30, 180.'). Durham, William A., Industry, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862. Re-enllsted as veteran; mustered out Sept. 30, 186.5. Duncan, Elias, Blandinsville, enlisted March 1, 1802. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Sept. 30, 180."). Edell, Louis. Blandinsville, enlisted Dec. 28, ISGl. Discharged Oct. 24, 18fV2. Foster, William II.. Wanint (irove, enlisted March 7, 1802. Mustered out Sept. SO, 180.5. Farris. Williani C , Hlandinsville, enlistedJan. 1, 1802. Deserted June 1, 1802. Gove, Benjamin F., Blandinsville, enlisted Jan. 1,1802. Reeulisted as veteran ; mustered out Sept. 30, 180.5 ; sergeant. Grigsby, Redmond, Blandinsville, enlisted March 30,1864. Hays. George W., Blandinsville, enlisted March 2.5, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865, a.s corporal. Hainline, Nathan G., Blaudinsville, enlisted .M.irch 22, 1804. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1805. Jackson, Henry I)., Blandinsville. enlisted JI:irch2-5, 1804. Mustered out May 22, 18C5. Jackson, John, Blandinsville, enlisted March 1, 1802. Died at St. Louis, June'l8, 1802. Luthey, Francis A., Blandinsvile, enlistedJan. 1, 1862. Discharged Feb. 2, 1863. Lillard. Augustus, Middletown, enlistedJan. 2, 1802. Discharged Aug. 19, 1862. Mitchell. Marcellus, Macomb, enlisted March 30, 1.H04. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865. Moore, William W., Middletown, enlistedJan. 1, 1862. Millington, German, Bushnell, enlisted March 1, 1S02. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out. McQueen, Norman, Bushnall, enlisted March 1, 1802. Discharged Aug. 21, 1862. Pennington, Francis M., Industry, enlisted April 1, 1864. Mustered o\it Sept. 30, 1865. Pennington, Stewart M., Industry, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Sept. 30. 1805; sergeant. Penningtou, William R., Industry, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, May 10, 1.S64. Pennington, John L., Industry, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Sept. 30, 1805 ; corporal. Snvder, Henry, Blandinsville, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862. Deserted Feb. 1. 1862. Titus, John M., Blandinsville, enlisted March 26. 1864. Died at Vicksburg, July 26, 1864. Wyman, J. Alexander, Blandinsville, enlisted March 31, 1.S64. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865. Wiliard. Reiley, Prairie City, enlisted March 4, 1865. Mustered out Sept. :50, 1865. Williams, Reuben, Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 1, 1801. Discharged Oct. 1, 1802. York, Francis, Blandinsville, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran ; promoted to chief bugler. COMPANY G. Pixley, Euoch, Industry, enlisted -Vug. 1, 1861. Mustered out Junel, 1865. COMPANY K. Botkins, Ira B., Prairie City, enlisted Feb. 14, 1,<<6.5. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1805. Harvermail, Mont. H., Walnut Grove, enlisted Feb. 14, 1805. Mustered out Sept. ,30, 1805. Ilefley, William, Blandinsville, enlisted Feb. 17, 1865. Transferred to Fifth Illinois Cavalry. Johns"on, Edwin W^, Prairie City, enlisted Feb. 14, 1S65. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1805. Johnson, Svlvanus B., Prairie Citv, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 10, 1.865. Little, Henry C, Walnut Grove, enlisted Feb. 14, 180.5. Mustered out Sept. 30, 180.5. Morse, William H., Prairie Citv, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865. RiUikin, Silas E., Prairie Citv, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865. Shultz, David A., Prairie City, enlisted Feb. 14, 186.5. Mustered out Sept. 30, 186.5. Sweegle, Robert, Prairie City, enlisted March 3, 1.865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865. Sweegle, John, Prairie City, "enlisted March S, 1.S65. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865. Vandall, Charles W., Blandinsville. enlisted March 31, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865. COMPANY L. Gieason, William H., Blandin.sville. enlisted Feb. 14, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865. Martin, George, Prairie City, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865. COMPANY M. C.iptain John A. Gray, Bushnell. commissioned July 5, 1864. Time expired Dec. 19, 1864. TAYELFTH CAVALRY. COMPANY D. .'Sergeant Danford Taylor, Prairie City, enlisted Jan. 1, l.'!62. Promoted. Arter, William, Colchester, enlisted .Ian. 1, 1802. Rc-enlisted as veteran. Blazer, David, Colchester, enlisted Jan. 1, 1,S62. Discharged Oct. 15, lh64 : disability. Doran, William, Macomb, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran. Lnftis, Benjamin, Macomb, enlisted Mar. 7, 1.S62. Deserted May 10, 1862. ■\Vhitsel. Henrv, Macomb, enlisted Dec 19, 1861. Deserted May 24, 1862. Brj-le, Charles R., Prairie City, enlisted Dec. 10, 1863. Murphy, C. R., Prairie City, enlisted Dec. 1,5, 1.S63. Transferred to Co. D, as consolidated. Miller, Frank, Prairie City, enlisted June 10. 1862. Transferred to Co. D, as consolidated. 212 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. COMPANY L. Alden, John H., Prairie City, enlisted Nov. 23, 18G3. Transferred to Co. G, as consolidated. Poster, James, Macomb, enlisted Dec. 17, 1863. Mustered out Jan. 19, 1806. Fonts, John C, Prairie City, enlisted Dec. 23, 1863. (iiles, Daniel F., Prairie City, enlisted Dec. 26, 1863. Died at Napoleonville, La. Ilinesraan, John C, Prairie City, enlistf, 18('i5, Mustered out July 8, '65. Second Lieutenant Hiram H. Bartlioldmew. M.iconib, May 3, 1861. Promoted 1st lieutenant. First Sergeant Henry W. Gash, Maconili, enlisted May 24, 1861. Promoted 2d lieutenant. Sergeant (Jlark C. Morse, Bushnell, enlisted Mav 24, 1861. Transferred to 60tli Illinois Infantry, Jan. 1, 1.S64. Sergeant John E. Lane, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Sergeant Charles L. Sanders, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to GOth Illinois Infan- try, Jan. 1, 1864. (Corporal Joseph M. Gaston, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 8, 1S6.'1. Corporal Marsh B. Burr, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH (,'OUNTY. 213 Corporal William H. Boiihain, Macoml). enlisted May 24, 1801. Mustered out June 23, ise-l. Corporal .lolm V. Mason, Bushuell, enlisted May '2i, 18(il. Re-enlisled as veteran ; mustered out July 8, 18i«. (;orporal John C. Bell, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. DischarRed Sept. 24, 1802. Corporal William Morrison, Buslinell, enlisted May 24, USUI. Re-enlisted as veteran, promoted corporal, and mustered out. Corporal James L. llaiuline, Maeomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; di.schargod June 30, 18(>5, on account of wounds. Corporal William F. Bane. Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; promoted 2d lieutenant, ond mustered out. Musician P'eiocIi Welker, Macomb, enlisted May 24, ISCil. Recnlisted as veteran ; promoted prin- cipal musician. Musician Samuel P. Danley, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 18G1. Discharged Dec. Ifi, 1861. Adams, Edward A., Bushn'ell, cnlisti'.i May Jl, 1861. Allison, Joshua, Bushuell, enlisted May 21, istil. Re-enlisted as veteran ; ra.ustered out July 8, 1 S(')5. Brandon, Calvin K., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Bell, James F., MacoKib, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; musfd out July 8, 18(i.). Brooks, Harrison, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged July 9, 1862. Chapman, Tliomas B., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Clarke, Benjamin F., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re- enlisted as veteran ; mustered out while absent sick. Doran, William M., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged Dec. 16, 1861. Delauey, Patrick H., Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; promoted. Ervin, James, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 8, '65. Fishbourne, Thomas M., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Mustered out July 11, 1S64. Forrest, James M., Macomb, enlisted Mav 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; "mustered out July 8. 1865. Franklin, William J., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out July 8, 1865. Cordon, Harrison, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois Inf., Jan. 1, 1864. Graham, John M., Macomb, enlisted May 21, 1861. Transferred to 60th, Illinois Infantrv Jan. 1, 1864. Grooms, Nathaniel C, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. (fash, Georye B., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged Feb. S, 1862. Hainline, Baxter, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-eulisted veteran, mustered out absence on furlough. Hainline, George L., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Ro-enlisted veteran, killed at Bentonvllle, March 20, 186.'>, Hainline, William H., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted veteran, promoted, mus- tered out July 8. 1865. Hampton, Van C, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th 111. Infantrv, Jan. 1. 1864. Hampton, Harrison II., Macomb, enlisted Mav 24, 1861, Transferred to 60th 111. infantry. Ian. 1, 186^. Died. Hart, Henry, Macomb, enlisted May 24. 1861. Died June 2, 1862. Hayden, John, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Head, William H., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Mustered out June 23, 1864. Hendrickson, James F,, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted veteran, mustered out Julv 8, 186.5. Henderson, Edward F., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Deserted Oct. 24, 1861. Hicks, William, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Hook, Cliarlcs, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered o)U July 8. 186.5. Hurley, Edward, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out"july 8, 1865. Kelly, Kdwin D., Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, killed at Jonesboro, Sept. 7, 1X64. Kendrick. Natlianiel H., Macomb, enlisted Mav 24, 1861. Dischareed Jan. 14, 1862. King. William F., Macomb, enlisted Mav 24, 1861. Discharged Aug. 12, 1862. Lea, Archibald T , Macomb, enli.sted May 24, 1861. Discharged Julv 21, 1862. Logan, William, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out Julv 8 18(5,5. • ' Loucka, Wellington, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Lane, William, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged June 3, 1862. Lane, Cyrus, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-eniisted as veteran; missing since the battle of Bentonvllle. Matiison, David W., Bushnell, enlisted Mav 24, 1861. Re enlisted as veteran, mustered out Morrison, Robert, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisled as veteran, mustered out Julv 8, 1865. Montague, Charles, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged Dec. 16, 1861. McCartney. John M., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July ■^. 1865. Merrick, Charles W.. Indu.stry, enlisted May 24, 1861. .McCurdy, Martin, Industry, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July 8 1.^65. ' ■ Overstrect, William H., Bu.shnell, enlisted Mav 24, 1861. Price, Miles, Macomb, enbsied May 24, 1H61. Discharged Atig. 2, 1862. Prentice, William H., Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; transferred to 1st L . S. Engineer N'etenm Volunteer Regiment. Rulheruird, Robert A., Macomb, enlisted Mav 24, 1861. Discharged Oct. 15 1862 Sackett, Charles, Bushnell, enlLsted May 24, 1861. Discharged Nov. 17,1861; sentenced court- martial. Shannon Aaron, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged Julv 29, 1862. Slocum, George, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out. n— 14 214 HISTORY OF m'dOXOUGH COUNTY. Speake, Richard H., Bushiioll, enlisted May 24,1861. Re-enlisteJ as veteran; discharged June 10, 1865 : wounded. Spear, James T., Ruslinell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enliited as veteran. Speniter, Benjamin, F., Buslinell, enlisted May 24, 1S61. Discliareed Jnly 9, 1862. Sperry, Oren, Bushnell, eidisted May 2J, IStU. Re-enlisted as veteran; died May 31, 1864. Stainbrook, James H., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Julys, ].sr,a. Strenge, cieorge, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 8, 1865. Simmons, Fletcher C, Bushnell, enlisted March 24, 1801. Discharged July 29, 1862. Shrader. John B., Mticomb, enlisted May 21, 1861. Discharged .luly 29, 1862. Taylor, Thomas B., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 8, 1865. Taylor, Albert. Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 8, 1865. Thomas, Lloyd, Jr., Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out July 8. 1865. Thomas. Able, Bushnell, enlisted M.iv 24, 1861. Discharged July 9, 1862. Thompson, i:ilis, Bushnell. enlisted .May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois, Jan. 1, 1864. I'pdegratT, Auilirosc, Macomb, eulisicd May 24, 1801. Re-enlisted as veteran ; promoted. Waters, Cliarles, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; died April 24, 1865, wounded. Wheeler, George, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; discharged June 30, 1865. wounded. Wood, Wesley W., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to Sixtieth Illinois, Jan. 1, 1864. William, Benjamin F., MMComb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged Nov. :^0, 1861. White, Eben, Bushnell, enlisted Mav 24, 1861. Promoted Q. M. S. and Captain. Crowl, John II., Bushnell, enlisted .fan. 28, 1861. Killed at BontonviUe March 20, 1865. Campbell, John T., Bushnell, enlisted Feo. 9, 1864. Mustered out. ("lark, Richard J , Macomb, enlisted Feb. 17, 1804. Mustered out July 8, 1805. Ellis, Alvin C, Emmet, enlisted Feb. 4, IStU. Mustered out July 8, 1865. Fox, Hugh, Bethel, enlisted Feb. 6, 1801. Transferred from 101st Illinois ; mustered out July 8, 1865. Hastings, George F., Prairie City, enlisted Feb. 5, 1864. Died April 21, 1865, wounds. Hamilton, George A., Prairie City, enlisted Feb. 5, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865. Tliinline. Nathan T., Emmet, enlisted Feb. 4, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1805. Krlley, William, Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 9, 1804. Discharged June 10, 1865. Kcndrick, James W., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 20, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865. iveho, .Miles, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 1, 1862. From 101st Illinois; mustered out July 8, 1865. Mrli()n<)ut;li, .lohn W.. Bushnell. eulistcMl Jan. 27, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1805. I'hilliiis, Cliarles .\., Macomb, enlisted Jan. 27, 1804. Mustered out July S, 186.5. Ragan, William .M., Emmet, enlisted Feb. 4, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865. Smitli, Charles W., Jlaconib, enlisted Feb. 2, 1864. Mustered out Julv 8, 1805. 'Thonnvs, Wintleld S., Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 23, 1861. Mustered out July 8, 1805. COMPANY B. 'Captain David V. Wells, Macomb, commissioned .\pril 20, 1861. Died April 7, 1862. First Lieutenant William L. Broaddus, Macomb, commis.sioned April 20, 1861. Promoted to •L'aptain. First Lieutenant George W. Ray, Macomb, commissioned May 27, 1805. Mustered out July 8, 1865. Second Lieutenant .\bram Rowe, Macomb, commissioned April 20, 1861. Promoted captain of ■com pan v C. Second Lieutenant Elnathan K. Westfall, Bushnell, commissioned Oct. 1, 1861. Promoted first lieutenant and captain. Secoinl Lieutenant James A. Chapman. Macomb, commissioned April 7, 1862. Promoted first lieutenant, captain, and lieutenant colonel. Second Lieutenant George W. McAllister, Macomb, commissioned June 20, 1862. Promoted first lieutenant and captain. Second Lieutenant Benjamin Lowe, Macomb, commissioned Jtily 3, 1862. Term expired April 5, 1805. Second Ijieutenant Gilbert W. Parvin, Macomb, commissioned July 4, 1865. Mustered out July 8. 1S05. First .'Sergeant Elnathan K. Westfall, Bushnell, enlisted May 24. 186K Promoted. Sergeant Henry Bailey, Macomb, enlisted May 21, isoi. Discharged Mar. 29, 1862. Promoted. Sergeant William S. Hendricks, BaiMlolph, enlisted May 21, ISO). Sergeant William H. Campbell, Macomb, enlisted .May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois Inf., Jan. 1,1864. Corporal Henry W. McAllister, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Promoted. Corporal James A. Chapman, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Promoted. Corporal Alexander D. Hail, Macomb, enlisted May, 24, 1801. Transferred to 60th Illinois Inf., .Ian. 1, 1864. Corporal William H. Walker, Macomb, enlisted May 21, 1861. Transferred to COth Illinois Inf., Jan. 1, 1864. Corporal James M. Eyre, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1801. Died Sept. 19, 1862. Corporal William Powers, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1801. Died Oct. 15, 1802. W;igoner Samuel ManhoUand, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1801. Transferred to 00th Illinois Jan. 1, 1804. .VUerd, Jeremiah, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 8, 1805. Bates, Edward, JIacomb, enlisted May 24, 1801. Discharged March 29, 1862. Buchanan, Robert A.. Macomlj, enlisted May 21, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 8, 186.5. Brink, Thomas, Macomb, enlisted May 21.18;'.1. Transferred to 00th Illinois Jan. 1, 1864. HISTORY OF m'donough county. 215 Dillon, James I.. Macomb, enlisted May 21,18(11. Ile-enlistoil as veteran; mustered out July S, isfii; wounds. Farrier, Charles I., Industry, enlistedJMay 21, ISiJl. (iill, John, Macomb, enlisted May I'l, 1m,"i. Hogne, Georse P., Macomb, enlisted Max 21, ISOl. Discharged Oct. 1, ISCil. Hammer, William B., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Ke-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July «, ISlif). Jellison, James, Jlacomb, enlisted ]\Iay 24, 1861. Discharged March 29, 1862. Jones, I'crry C, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois ; mustered out July 2o, 1864. Jones, Isaac N., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-eulisted as veteran ; promoted ; mustered out July 8. 1865. Kipling, Thomas, Colchester, enlisted May 24, 1861. Keener, Henry II., Macoml), enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to COth Illinois Jan. 1, 1S64. Lowe, Benjamin, Macomb, enlisted May 24, ls6l. Pronjoten. J.ayton. Henry C, Macomb, enlisted .Nbiy 21, isr.i. Transferred to 60th Illinois Jan 1, 1864. Miller, William N., Macomb, enlisted Mav 21, 1861. Ite-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Julv 8, 1S65. McGraw, Thomas, !•'., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Julv 8, IStif). McCampbcll, James I., Industry, enlisted Mav 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out July 8, is6r,. Pile, William S., Macomb, enlisted May 24. 1861. Parr. James. Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mnstered out July 8, 1865. Parvin, (Gilbert T., Bardolph, enlisted May 24, 1861. Ke-enlisted as veteran; promoted ; mustered ■out July 8. 1S6.'). Rugh, Joseph, Bnshnell, enlisted May 24, 1861.' Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 8, 186."^. Ritchey, Simoii, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861, Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out July S, 186.5. Ray, George W., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; promoted; mustered •out July 8, ltlu'l, enlisled May 24, IMil. Ke-eiilisted veteran, discharged July, ^, 1805. Dalton, James, Oolehester, enli.sted May 24, 18G1. Di^t^harged Oct. 1, ISGl. Frit/!, (Uiarles S., Colchester, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, Transferred to 1st l' . S. E. V. V. Hendricks, Beniamin, Bethel, enlisted Mav 24, 18GI. Died March 1, 18C2. Johnson. Alexander M., Bethel, eiili.sted Jlay 24, 18G1. Lane, Wilson, Colchester, enlisted May 24, IWU. Transferred to 00th 111. Jan. 1, ISOt. Leary, Patrick J., Colchester, enlisted May 24, 18G1. Re-ei.listed as veteran, mustered out Julv 8, 1865. McGrew, GeorRe W., Bethel, enlisted Mav 24, 1801. Transferred to 60th 111. Jan. 8, 1864. Newland, Frederick, Colchester, enlisted May 24, 18G1. Transferred to COth 111. Jan. 8, 1864. Smithwait, John, Colchester, enlisted May 24. 1861. Died Jan. 7, 18G2. Thorp, James, Colchester, enlisted May 24, 18G1. Re-cnlisted as veteran, mustered out July 8, 1805. Taylor, John, Colchester, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged July 25, 1861, sentenced by court martial. Taylor, Richard, Colchester, enlist.-d May 24, 1861. Deserted Oct. 12, 1861. Tones, Walker, Colchester, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged July 25, 18G1, sentenced by court martial. Tuitle, Charles G., Colchester, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July 8, 1865. Turner, Henry, Colchester, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July, 8, 180.5. Watts, Hiram, Colchester, enlisted May 24, 1801. Young, Robert, Colchester, enlisted, May 24, 1801. Re-enlisted as veteran ; promoted ; mustered, out July 8, 1805. Barrett, Samuel D., Colchester, enlisted Feb, 4, 1SG4. Mustered out July 8, 1865. Brundage, Daniel, Colchester, enlisted Feb. 4. 1804. Mustered out July 8, 1865. HM^bie, Thomas, Colchester, enlisted Feb. 4, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865. Ilobart, Lewis, (Colchester, enlisted Aug. 13, 1861. Discharged Aug. 13, 1864. Lane, William B., Cochester, enlisted Dee. 9, 1801. Discharged Aug. 10, 1862. Nntall, William, Colchester, June 2, 1801. Disc]iarge■', ]8G5, as corporal. VanSlyke, Daniel, New Salem, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged April 23, 1862. Maxwell, John C'., Industry, eidistcd Mar. 9, 1804. Veal, John S., Hire Township, enlisted Slar. 22, 1^C4. Rejected. SEVENTEENTH INFANTRY. COMPANY C. T:ouglas, Koyal, Prairie City, enlisted May 25, 1861. Di3cliurged May 11, 1802 ; corjioral. Uendryx, William, Prairie City, enlisted May 23, 1861. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 217 Miirry. William, rrniric City, enlisted May •.>,■>, ISfil. Died Oct. :^1, IStJl. ■SaufoVd, Svlvester, I'rairie Citv. enlisted ilay 2.j, 18G1. Still, K. I)." I'rairie Cily, enlisted May •2S\ 1801. Demitz, Earnest, I'rairie City, enlisted May 25, 1S61. EIGHTEENTH INFANTRY. COMPANY F. ■Corporal Cicorge I'. Norton, Macomb, enlisted Feb. 21, 1865. Mtistered ont Dec. 16, 1.S65. Musician Kdward 1'. Vail, Emmet, enlisted Feb. 20, 18ti5. Mustered out Dec. IG, 18i;5. MeClure, .lames 1'., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 22, 1805. Mustered out Dec. 1(>, 186.5, as corporal. \Vag5j;le, Jasi)er S., Bethel, enlisted Feb. 21, 18G5. Absent sick at muster out. COMPANY I. Corporal William L. Brooks. New Salem, enlisted Mar. 1, 1865. Mustered out Dec. 10, 1805. ■Corporal .fames N. Tedron, New Salem, enlisted Mar. 1, 1865. Mustered out Dec. 16, 1865. Daniels, Daniel L., New Salem, enlistad Mar. 7, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 4, 1865. Ellis, Isaac W.. New Salem, enlisted Mar. 8, 1865, Mustered out Dec. 16, 1865. Ervin, lames D., New Salem, enlisted Mar. 9, 1865. Died at Little Rock, May 9, 186.5. Hubbard, William, New Salem, enlisted Mar. 8, 1865. Mustered out Dec. 16, 1865. Hall, Edward, New .Salem, enlisted Mar. 15, 1865. Mustered out June 16, 1865. Johnson, George M., New Salem, enlisted Mar. 1, 1865. Deserted Sept. 27, 186.5. Messick, David 11., New Salem, enlisted Mar. 8, 1865. Died at Memphis, April 10, 1865. Snyder, Alvin A.. Tennessee, enlisted Mar. 7, 1865. Mustered out Dec. 16, 1865. Tedron, M., New Salem, enlisted Feb. 27, 1865. Mustered out Mav 11, 186^. ■Woods, William II., New Salem, enlisted Mar. 15, 1865. Died at (.-amp Butler, Mar. 21, 1865. TWENTY-EIGHTH INFANTRY. ROSTER OF OFFICERS. Lieutenant Colonel Louis n. Waters, Macomb, commissioned Aug. 22, 1801. Resigned Jan. 10, 1S02 ; disability. Re-enlisted in service as Colonel 84th. Ouartermaster Hugh Ervin. Macomb, commissioned Aug. 27, 1861. Resigned Jan. 31, 1862. (.iuarternmster Arthur G. Burr, Macomb, commissioned Feb. 1, 1862. Promoted by the President, (quartermaster Richard Lawrence, commissioned Sept. 1, 1863. Mustered out Oct. 8, 1864. Surgeon John Kemper, Industry, ccmimissioned July 26, 1864. Mustered out March 15, 1866. Sergeant Major Charles E. Waters, Macomb. Promoted Sergeant Major. Ho.spital Steward Robert R. C. Danley, Macomb, Ho.spital Steward Albert Ci. Sullivan," Macomb. COMPANY D. Captain (JIadden L. Farwell, Macomb, commissioned Aug. 27, 1861. Term expired in 1864. First Lievitemmt John B. Pearson, Macomb, commi.ssioned Feb. 1, 1862. Transferred to Co. D ; •consolidated ; mustered out July 12, 1865. Second Lieutenant Charles Conover. Macomb, commissioned Feb. 1. 1862. Resigned Dec. 3, 1862. Second Lieutenant Andrew W. McGoughy, Industry, commissioned Dec. 3, 1862. Killed July 10, 18(>4. Second Lieutenant Daniel K. Miller, Industry, commissioned Aug 23, 1865. Promoted ; mustered •out March 15, 1806. Second Lieutenant Henry H. Henderson, Scotland, commissioned Dec. 16, 1865. Mustered out March 15, 1866. .Sergeant Robert Pearson. Colchester, enlisted Aug. 10,1861. Killed at Shiloh, Tenn., April 6, 1862. Corporal Ezra V. Sayer, Macomb, enlisted Aug. Hi, 18("il . Discharged Aug, 20, 1,h04 ; term expiied. Corporal Joseph T. Wa'.ker, Industrv, enlisted Aug. 10, 1801. Discharged Aug. 20, 1864 ; term ex- pired. Corporal .loseph Gill, Scotland, enlisted Aug. 10. 1861. Killed at Shiloh. Tenn., April 6, 1862. Corporal Solomon Foster, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 10. 1861. Discharged May 28, 1862 ; disability. Corporal Elijah Patrick. Scotland, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran. Musician Robert 1). C. Danley, Bethel, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Promoted Hospital Steward. Anderson, John E., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1801. Mustered out Aug. 20, 1804. Bloss, William, Blandiiisville, enlisted Aug, lu, 1861. Wounded ; transferred to Invalids' Corps, ■Oct. 21, 1803. Blackford, Isaac, Bushnell, cidisted Aug. 10. 1861. Discharged Aug. 26, 1864 : term expired. Brant, Abraham, Industry, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861, Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out March 15. 1866. Courtright, Van. IL, Hire, enlisted Aug. 10, l.'-61. Discharged Aug. 26, 1864; term expired; •wounded. Corman, William, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; on furlough at mus- ter out. Daw.son. Richard, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1801. Discharged June 18. 1862; disability. Freeland, Francis, Hire, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged Aug. 26, 1804; term' expired ; wounded. Freeland, Napoleon B., Hire, enlisted Aug. 10, 1801. Re-enlisted as veteran ; transferred to Co, E.; mustered out March 15, 1805. 218 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. Freeth, George W., iracomb, enlisted March 10, ISGl. Faulkner, Thomas, Macomb, enlisted March 10, ItiOl. Wounded at Shiloh ; killed at Jackson , Miss., July 12, KSO.i. Gill, Josiah. Scotland, enlisted March 10, 1861. Pied at Natchez, Miss., Oct. 12, ISC'?. (iordon, John, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Ke-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out March 1,")^ 1866. Hardesty, William, Emmet, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Died at Natchez. Miss., Sept. 1, 1863. Hobart, Edwin L., Colchester, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; transferred to- colored regiment. Hillyor, Lambert, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged Aug. 26, 1864; term expired. Hillyer. IsiuicC, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged Nov. 10, 1862 ; wounded. Hawk, Samuel, Emmet, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out March lo,. 1866. Hoyt, Lucian, Chalmers, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged June 17, 1862; wounded. Keller, William, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Wounded at Hatchie ; discharged March 6. 1862. Long, Albert, Emmet, enlisted Aug. 10. 1861. Re-enlisteii as veteran ; mustered out March 1.5. 1866. Laughlin, John W., Industry, enlisted Ang. 10, 1801. Discharged Aug. 26, 1861 ; term expired. Mathenv. William H., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; died at Natchez, March 10, 1S64. Menzics, Walter, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Ditcharged Aug. 26, 1861, term expired. Metts, Clinton, Emmet, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Deserted April 6, 1862. Milligan, Albert, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Killed at Shiloh, April 6, 1862. McGee, Samuel R., Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Mar. 35, 1866, wounded. Nichols, Seymore, Scotland, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Wounded ut Hatchie, Oct. 5, 1862; died oX wounds. Penrose, Henry W., Scotland, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Died at Memphis, Aug. .5, 1862. Pierce, Frank, Scotland, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Di.scharged Aug. 26, 1864 : term expired. Russell, Josephus T., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged Aug. 26, 1864 ; term expired ;. wounds. Smithers, Thomas J., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged Mar. 2.5, 1862; disability. Simmons. Rowen L., Emmet, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Re-eulisted as veteran ; wounded at Span- ish Fort. Sharp, Samuel, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 18i"il. Discharged Aug. 26, 1864; term expired; wounds. Shepherd Solomon R., Bethel, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Killed at Shiloh, April 6, 1862. Penro.se, John F., Scotland, enlisted Aug. 10, l.sCil. Discharged Aug. 26, 1864 ; term expired. Spencer, Richard, Chalmers, enlisted .Vug. 10, 1861. Discharged Aug. 26, 1864; term expired. Smith, .lohn, Scotland, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged Aug. 26, 1864 ; term expired. Teas, George H., Hire, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Killed at .shiloh, April 6, 1862 Twitchell, William, Emmet, enlisted Aug. 10, l.stil. Missing since the battle of Shiloh. Welch, Azro B., Hire, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged May 2.5, 1862; di.sability. AVelch, James M., Hire, enlisted Aug. 10, 1S61. Killeil at Sliiloh, April 6, 1862 ; corjioral. Wayland, Elijah Q. A., Chalmers, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Transterred to Invalids corps, Oct. 22,. 1863 ; wounds. Warren, Francis L., Hire, enlisted Aug. 10. 1861. Died at Pittsburg Landing, April 1.5, 1862. Welch, Sylvester B., Hire, enlisted Dec. 21, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; must'd out Mar. 15, 1866i. Carter, James L., Macomb, enlisted June 25, 1864. Died at Brownsville. Texas, Nov. 25, 1865. Gordon, James A., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 12, 1864. Mustered out Mar. 1-5, 1866. Heath, E. A., Industry, cnlistcil June 25, 1864. On furlough on muster out of regiment. Kearns, Marion, Bnsliiiell, enlisted June 25. 1864. Mustered out Mar. 15, 1866. Plotts, Joseph C., B\isiiiicll, enlisted .Vug. .5, 1861. Died at Fort Holt, Ky., Nov. 22, 1862. Broaddus, Edward L., Wal.iut Grove, enlisted Feb. 28, 1S65. Mustered out Feb. 28, 1866. Gordon, Benjamin F., Walnut Grovs, enlisted Feb. 28, 1865. Clustered out Feb. 28, 1866. Jellison, Zimri, Walnut Grove, enlisted Feb. 28, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 28, 1866. Keller, Joseph, Macomb, enlisted June 5, 1864. Discharged to enlist in 1st U. S. artillery. COMPANIES A AND B, DRAFTED AND .SUBSTITUTES, Patrick, John R., New .Salem, Oct. 25, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 24, 186.5. Brothers, Albert, Kldorado, Oct. 8, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 7, 1865. Seward, John A., Eldorado, Oct. 8, 1861. Mustered out June 20, 1865, Taylor, Henry L., Eldorado, Oct. 8, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 7, 186,5. COMPANY K. First Sergeant Ellis S. Stokes, New Salem, enlisted March 14, 1865. Mustered out March 14, 1866. Corp)oral Thomas W. Blackston, Lamoine, enlisted March 14, 1865. Mustered out March 14, 1866. (-orporal Josiph A. Thornburg, Lamoine, enlisted March 14, 1865. Mustered out March 14, 1866. Barker, James, Walnut (irove, enlisted March 9, 1865. Mustered out March 25, 1865. Davis, James R,, Lamoine, enlisted March 14, 1865. Died at Brownsville, Texas, Aug. 30, IS/V). Edmunson, William 1)., Lamoine, enlisted March 11, 1865. Mustered out March 14, 1866. Nergeman, Henry, New Salem, enlisted .March 14, 1.S65. Mustered out March 14, 1.S66. Nichols, Alvinus W.. New Salem, enli.■^Icd Maich 14, 1S65. Mustered out March 14, 1S66. Phillips, Martin, Lamoine. enlisted Marcli 14, l.S(i5. Died at Brownsville, Texas, Nov. li, H6.5, Scott, Theo.lore H., Mound, enlisted March 14, 1865. Mustered out.M arch 14, 1866. White, Marcus. Lamoine, enlisted March 14, 1S65. Mustered out March 14. 1866. Y'oung, Ralph J., Lamoine, enlisted March 11, 1865. Mustered out March 14, 1S66. HISTORY OF M'DONOU(iH COUNTY. 219 THIRTIETH INFANTRY. COMPANY B. Wagoner, Jacob, Mot nl, enlisted Oct. fi, 1S64: m istered out. July 17, 186.5. Wheeler, lieiijaniin 1- ., Kuimet, enlisted Oct. Ci, l-(64; mustered out July 17, l.Sfl.'. FIFTIETH INFANTRY. COMP.\NY J). McManigle, William R., Bushnell. enlisted Sept. 18, ISfil; mastered out .Sept. 27, 1S>4, as serg't. Willis, John J., Bushnell, enli.sted Oct. 4, 1861; discharged Aug. 16, lJ-62. COMPANY F. Clarke, Thaddcus .'^., Macoinl', enlisted Oct. 1, 1861; discharged April 21, 1862: disability. COMPANY G. Evans, William II., Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 10, 1S61; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Julv 13, 1865. Ewalt, Nicholas, Bushnell. enlisted Oct. 18, 1861; mustered out Oct. 7, 1864, term expired. McManimie, Winchester, Bushnell. enlisted Oct. 1, 1861; mustered out Sept. 27, 1864. McManimie, Marion A., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 6, 1861; mustered out Oct. 7, 1864. Myers, Noah, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 12, 1861; discharged June 21, 1862 ; disability. l'orl5, sergeant. Carries, John, Prairie City, enlisledOct.il, 1861; re-eniisted asveternn; mustered out Aug. U, 1865; wounds. Crowl, William A , Bushnell, enlisted Oct.ll, 1861. Crowl, George P., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 12, 1861; discharged. Dewey, John C, Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861; discharged Jan. 28, 1863, dis-ability. Dewey, Kdwin, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 12, 1861; re-enlistcd as veteran ; mustered out Aug. 14, 1865, wounds. Dunlap, LeGrand, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 21. 1861. Davis, Lloyd P., Prairie ("itv, enlisted Oct. 11, isi'.l. Eads, John, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 11. 1861: dichargcd Jan. 28, 1863. disability . 220 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. Ewing. Joseph n , Bushnoll, enlisted Get. 21, 18G1; imistered out Oct. 21, 1864. Fowraker, George \V., Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 21, 1.S61; died at Walnut Hills, Miss., June 2S, 18r,3. Foster, Channing B., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 7, 18G1. Fugato, Robert -M., Bushnell. enlisted Oct. 3, ISfil; died at Memphis, Jan. 14, 18G1. Fleharty. John N., Bushnell, enlisted ()<;t. 8. 18(U. Holmes, David, X., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861; re-enlisted a,s veteran ; promoted to First Lieutenant. Hartsook, i^aniel, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 7, IStil; transferred to Invalids corps, Sept. 22, 1863. Hensley, Samuel H., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. Oct. 4, 1861; transferred to Co. O., deserted Dec. 20, 1862. Hendricks, James, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861. Hartsook, .loscph, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861; promoted Sergeant Major. Hartman, Aaron V., Bushnell, enlisted (M. 11, 1861. Hutchins, (ieorge \V., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861: wounded at Shiloh, April 6, 1862. Hoyt, Oliver J., Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 12, 1861; killed at Vicksburg, May 19, 186:5. Iniiian, Jessie N., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 5, 1861; died at Memphis, Sept. 27, 1862. .lones, Samuel, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861; mustered out Oct. 3\, 1864. Jameson, Robert S., Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861; mustered out Oct. 151, 1864. Johnson, John A., Prairie Citv, "enlisted Oct. 11, 1861; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. May 21. 1864. Long, Samuel, Prairie Citv, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861; rc-enlisted as Veteran ; discharged March 23. 186.=>; disability. Long, George \V., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861. Lybarger, Milton C, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 3, lidl; mustered out Oct. :51, 1861. Mead, Alfred, Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861; mustered out Oct. 31. 1864. Medaris, Joseph B., Bushnell. enlisted Oct. 7, 1861: died at Bushnell, 111., May 2, 1861. Maxwell, William J.. Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861. Medaris, John C, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. li, 1S61. Miller, George S., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 10, 1861; re-enlisted veteran ; mustered out Aug. 15, 186.5, corporal. Miller, Jacob C, Bushnell, enlisted Oct, 12, 1861; mustered out Oct., 31, 1864. McComb, Matthew, Prairie City, enlisted October 7, 1861; died at Biidgeport, 111. Dec. 25, 1863. Moore, Albertson, Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861; discharged Jan. 28, 1863; wounds. McDonald, James, Bushnell, enlisted Oetober 12, 1861: discharged. Newkirk, George W,. Bushnell, enlisted October 8, 1861; mustered out October 31, 1864. Powers, John, Bushnell. enlisted October 10, 1861; mustered out October 31, 1864. Putnam, Joseph P, Bushnell, enlisted October 7, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; mortally wounded at Kenesaw Mountain and left on the field, June 27, 1><64. Putnam, John M., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861; discharged. Patterson, Robert S., Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861. Pennington, Jacob A., Bushnell. enlisted Oct. 11, 1861; discharged Jan. 28, 1863; disability. Potinger. Samuel W., Bushnell. enlisted Oct. 21, 1861; transferred to company G; mustered out Aug. 14, 18(i-'i. Penneil, George W., Bushnell. enlisted Oct. 16, 1861. Rogers, Lewis B., Prairie City, enlisted October 7, 1861; discharged Feb. 11, 1863; disability. Reed, Amenzo, Prairie City," enlisted Oct. 11, 1861; mustered cnit October 31, 1864. Rickman, Moses B, Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 19, 1861; transferred to company K, Nov. 14, 1861. Sanford Jacob, Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; promoted. Sanford Amos, Prairie Citv, enlisted Oct. 10, 1861; promoted in 12th Louisiana volunteers, Oct. , 1863. Sanford, Ebenezer, Prairie Citv, Oct. 11, 1861: mustered out Oct. .31, 1864. Snapp, William, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861; died at Camp Sherman, Miss., Aug. 29, 1863. Sperling, Lewis W., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. :!, 1861; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps May 1, 1864. Svvearingen, Bennett, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 12, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Aug. 14, 1855; sergeant. Shannon, Alvin, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 3, 1861. Sperling, Theodore, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out Aug. 14, 1865; sergeant. Tatman, Kdmond, Bushnell, enlisted October 7, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Aug 14, 18iV). Thompson, Thomas E, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861; mustered out March 26, 1865. Teithworth, Oliver P., Bu.shnell, enlisted Oct. 12, 1861. Wetsel, Daniel W., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 5, 1861; mustered out Oct. 31, 1864. Wetsel, Ahaz B., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 12, 1861; mustered out Oct. 31, 1864 as corporal. Wingct, Louis, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 6, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Aug. 14, 1865. corporal. Wycott; Daniel L., Bu.shnell, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861; discharged by order General Grant. Winters, Avigustus, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861. Wilson, J O., Bushufll, enlisted Oct. 8, 1861. King, Lyman B., Prairie City, enlisted Dec. 1, 1861. Miller, .John W., Prairie City. Mustered out Aug. 14. 1865, as corporal. O.sborn, John, Bushnell, enlisted Nov. 2T, 1861; mustered out Dec. 30, 1864. Pattison, W. S., Bushnell. Died Jan. 22, 1862. Perdue, Dallas, Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 24, 1864; mustereut July 7, 186.5. Smith. Richard L., Bardolph, enlisted Dec. 5, 1861; discharged Sept. 9, 1802. Smith, Henry, Bardolph, enliste4. (lauf, Samuel T., Tennessee, enlisted July lb, 1861. Transferred to Mississippi Marine Brigade Feb. 11, 180S. Gallegher. Thomas, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Discharged Jan. 3, 1863; disability. iioyt, Joel, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Discharged March 18, 1863. Herr, George W , Tennessee, enlisted July 10, lc61. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Dec. 8, 1865. Jacob, Samuel J., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Dec. 8, 1865 Ja'rvis. William H., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Killed at Perry^iMe, Ky., Oct. 8, 1862. Jarvis, Gilbert, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Transferred to Invalid Corps July 1, 186;{. HISTORY OF m'D0N()U(;H COUNTY. 22^ James, Charles, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 18(51. Transferred to Mississippi Marine Hrigade Feb. 11, 1863. Loflam, Eugene, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 18G1. Rischarged Feb. 6, ISHS. Loup, John II., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Promoted to Commissary Sergeant ; re-enlisted as veteran ; promoted to First Lieutenant. Loge, Nathan, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Died at Inka, Miss., Aug. 19, 1862. lyawyer, Tnomas, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1S61. Killed at Pcrryvillc, Ky., Oct. 8, 1862. Loftis, William, Tennessee, enlisted July "lO, 1801. Died at Mound City, 111.," Aug. 6, 1863. Mourning, John M., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Died at Lebanon, Mo., Feb. 10, 1863. McGoram, Tlumias, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Dec. 8, 186.i. Melvin, Thomas J., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Dec. 8, 1865. Murphy, James, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Died March 18, 1862, wounds. Mullen, Michael, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Discharged Feb. 3, 1862, disability. McTiegh. Michael, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Deserted June 26, 1863. Morris, Willard, T'eunessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered oui Dec. 8, 1865, promoted. Norman, George E., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Killed at Rocky Face Ridge, May 11, 1864. Nelson, Benjamin, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Dec. 8. 1865. Nelson, William, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Sergeant died Dec. 1, 1863, wounds. Olive, Rii'hanl. ■l\Miiiess<'e, enlisted July 10, 1861. l)is<()1. Itischarged Oct. i;!, 1862; dis.iidliiy. 224 HisTOUY OF m'donouoh county. ■Pouglas, Louis, Teunessee, enlisted Nov. 2.'!, ISGl. Re-enlisted as vetcrnii, mustered out July 11, l;6'). Delay. Jacob, Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 4, 1861. iJischarKed Sept. 17, 180'2 ; disability. Francis, Horner, Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 23. 18G1. IJi.scharsed Sept. 17. 18fi2 ; disability. Fuller, Josiali, Tennessee, enlisted Sept. 2.'), 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, niustered out July 11, 1865. Griffin, Asa F., Colchester, enlisted Dec. 1.3, 18G1. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July 11. 186.5, corporal. Hall, Riohard, Tennessee, enlisted Dec. 13, 1861 ; mustered out Jan. 21, 1865. Hill, William, Tennes.see, enlisted Nov. 20, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July 11, 1865. Hume, James M., Colchester, enlisted December 13, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, promoted com. sergeant. Hutchinson, William A., Tenneesee, enlisted Dec. 4, 1861. Discharged Sept. 17, 1862; disability. Jennings, Herndon, Tennessee, enlisted Dec. 4, 1861. Mustered out June 2, 186'); prisoner of war. Johnson, Svdnev M., Tennessee, enlisted Dec. 4, 1861, Discharjs'ed July 19, 1862; disability. Keithley, David, Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 23, 1861. Mustered out June 26, 186.5. Lower, John, Tennessee, enlisted Dec. 4, 1861. Discharged Sept. 28, 1862 ; disability. Newton, Joseph, Colchester, enlisted Nov. 23, 1861. Nelson. .lames, Tennessee, enlisted Dec. 4, 1861. Discharged Oct. 26, 1862; disability. Patterson, Joseph, Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 23, 1861. Ro-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July 11,1865, musician. Peck, Oron, Tennessee, enlisted Dec. 13, 1861. Ramsey, George W., Colchester, enlisted Dec. 13, 1861. l)ied at Jackson. Tenn., Sept. 8, 1862. Roxise, George, Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 13, 1861. Steel, Nelson, Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 4, 1861. Stephens, James, Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 14, 1861. Discharged Mar. 17, 1862; disability. Spyva, And. Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 20, 1861. Deser'ed at St. Louis. Simmons, James, Tennessee, enlisted Nov. i:i, 1861. Discharged Sept. 17, 1862 ; disability. Bhippey, Daniel R., Colchester, enlisted Nov. 13, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out -June 11, 1865. Tolraan, John W., Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 13, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out June 11, 1865. Underbill, Lodowick, Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 13, 1861. Discharged Sept. 20, 1862 ; disability. Way, Charles, Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 4, 1861. Re-enli.'ted as vet. ; absent sick at muster out. Averill, Charles W , Tennessee, enlisted Feb. 17, 1864. Mustered o\U July 11, 1865. Cochrane, Stephen D., Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 29, 1864. Mustered out July 11, 1S65. Nance, Frederick, Tennessee, enlisted Feb. 17, 1864. Mustered out July 11, 1865. Parker, Henry, Tennessee, enlisted Feb. 10, 1862. COMPANY D. Captain George W. Reid, Macomb, commissioned Dec. 23, 1862. Promoted from 2d lieutenant to 1st-; mustered out at expiration of term of service. First Lieutenant Duncan Reid, Macomb, commissioned June 20, 1862. Promoted from 2d lieu- tenant; term expired April 9, 1865. Hospital Steward Thomas W. Kelloiigh, Macomb, enlisted Dee. 31, 1863. Must'd out July 11, 1865. Sergeant Andrew J. Creel, Macomb, enlisted Nov. 1, 1861. Discharged Sept. 17, 1862; disability. Sergeant Zimri Parvin, Bardolph, enlisted Nov. 1, 1861. Discharged Sept. 17, 1862; disability. Corporal Benjamin Purkey, Macomb, enlisted Nov. 1. 1861. Discharged Oct. 1.5, 1862; disability. Corporal Andrew Kellough, Macomb, enlisted Nov. 1, 1861. Killed near Corinth, May 8. 1862. Corporal William Musson, Colchester, enlisted Nov. 1,1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out July 11, 1865. Butler, William N., Bardolph, enlisted Nov. 1, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Julv 11, 186.5. Done, Thomas E., Colchester, enlisted Dec. 10, 1861. Discharged Aug. 10, 1862; disability. Jacobs, John W., Macomb, enlisted Dec 1, 1861. Mustered out Dec. 24, 186-1. Jacobs, William R., Macomb, enlisted Dec. 1, 1861. Died at Glendale, Miss., Oct. 1, 1863. Luddon, David H., Colchester, enlisted Nov. 1, 1861. Mustered out Dec. 24, 1864, as 1st sergeant. Litchfield, John, Macomb, enlisted Nov. 1, 1861. DiscliarLied Oct. 16, 1862, as sergeant ; disability. Lyons, James, Bardolph, enlisted Nov. 1, 1861. Died at iiome, July 28, 1862. Mercer, (ieorge S., Macomb, enlisted Dec. 1, 1861. Discharged July 7, 18(i2 ; disabilitv. Walker, Henry E , Bardolph, enlisted Nov. 1, 1861. Discharged Sept. 29, 1863; disability. Brown, Charles, Macomb. Discharged August 27, 1862; disability. Brown, James A., Chalmers, enlisted March 7, 1.865. Mustered out July 11, 1865. HoViart, Francis, rdlcticstcr, enlisted Feb. 7, 1864. Mustered out JulvU, 1865. Kellougli, Itichiird, Cbalmors, enlisted Feb. 14, 1864. Mustered out .fulv U. 1865. Litcblield, George, Chalmers, enlisted Jan. 2, 186-1. Musterea out July 11, 1865. Musson, Austin L., ("olchester. enlis'ed Feb. 18, 1864. Mustered out July 11, 1865. Stokes, Samuel B., Chalmers, enlisted Jan. 2, 1864. Died at Decatur, Ala., May 15, 1864. Wiley, Lewis II., Chalmers, enlisterl Jan. 4, 1864. Mustered out June 2, 1865. Winslow, Charles F., Tennessee, enlisted Feb. 17, 1864. Killed near Atlanta, Ga., July 22, 1864. Wiley. Cornelius D., Chalmers, enlisted Feb. 24. 1865. Mustered out July 11, 1865. Roberts, Adam, Macomb, enlisted Dec. 28. Discharged, Aug. 25, 1862; disability. COMPANY E. Rouse, Isaac M., Colchester, enlisted December 22, 1861. Discharged June 28, 1862. disability. Walter, Krhard, Macomb, Dec. 26, 1861. Re-enlisted a.s veteran ; mustered out July 11, 1865. HISTORY OF M'dONOUGH COUNTY. 225 COMPANY F. Brown, Chiirles, Macomb, enlisted Deo. 29, 1861. Discharged; disability. Havnes, Jonathan, Macomb, enlisted December 26. 18G1. Died at St. Louis, ,Iuly 3, 18G2. Ilaskins, Benjamin. Tennes^ee, enlisted Dec. 2S, 1861. Mustered out Jan. 2:i, 1865. Roberts, Adan;, Macomb, enlisted Dee. 28. 1801. Discharged; disability. Ralston, Jessie R , Macomb, enlisted Dec. 10, 1861. Di.scharged Jan. 10, 1865; term expired. Dickerson, Churles, Colchester, enlisted Jan. 8, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran ; discharged Jan. 10. 1865. Craig, Wm. H., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 24, 186-1; mustered out July 11. 1805. Dixon, John, Colchester, enlisted Jan. 3, 1862; re-enlisted as veteran; dLscharged Jan. 10, 1865. Fair, William, Chalmers, enlisted March 7, 1865; led at Roanoke, S. C, March 31, 1865. Dutton, William, CU)lchester, enlisted .Ian. 1, 1862. Frank, Marion F., Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862; re-enisted as veteran, promoted. Johnson, John M., Tennes.see, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862; discharged July 23, 186:3; disability. Kirkpatrick, William, (Colchester, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862; died. Lloyd, John V., Colmar, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862; re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July 11, 1865. Mourning, John W., Tennes.see, enlisted March 25, 1864; mustered out July 11. 1865. Martin, Charles, Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 1862; discharged Aug. 21, 1862; disability. Powell, James, Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 7, 1862; re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July 11, 1865. Roberts, Elmore, Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 7,1862; re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July 11. 18a5. Roberts, Chauncv, Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 7, 1862. Rowe, Louis P., Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 7. 1802; discharged .Sept. 4. 1862; disat)ility. Wilson, Thomas M., Colchester, enlisted Jan. 7, 1862; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out July 11, 1865. Williams, Moses J., Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 7, 1862; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out July 11. as .sergeant. Williams, Henrv W., enlisted Jan. 7, 1861; discharged June 14, 1862; disability. White, Charles W., Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 7, 1862; re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 11, 1865. Way, Enoch, Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 7, 1861; discharged Feb. 17, 1862, disability. SEVENTY-SECOND INFANTRY. COMPANY G. Cecil, Henrv A., Lamoine, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; mustered out Aug. 7, 1865. Ewing, William, Colmar, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; discharged June 30, 1863; disability. Jenkins, Joseph, Colmar, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; absent, prisoner of war, at muster out of regi- ment. Jenkins, Thomas, Colmar, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862: mustered out July 15, 1865. Jarvis, John M., Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; mustered out May 27, 1865. Jarvis, Garrett J. D., Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; discharged for promotion in 50th U. P. C. Infantry ; lieutenant ; killed at Fort Blakely, April 9, 1865. Morris, Harmon F., Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; died at Paducah, Oct. 9, 1862. Myers, John, Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 13. 1862; died at Yazoo Pass, March 16, 1863. McDanitl. (ieorge W., Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; mustered out May 27, 186.5. McDauiel, William, Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; mustered out June 22, 1865. Miller, Henry G., Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out Aug. 7, 1865, as corporal. Peters, Peter, Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862: died at Selma, .Via , July 20, 1865. Royce, John W., Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; died at Columbus, Ky., Oct. 21, 1863. Spurlock, Lewis J., Tennessee, enlisted Aue. i:'., 1862; mustered out Aug. 7, 1865. •Smith, Markcav, Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 13, l.s62: mustered out Aug. 7, 1865. McKlvain, George W., Walnut Grove, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out Aug. 7; 180.5. COMPANY I. Corporal John C. Murrav. Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14, 1802: mustered out Aug. 7, 1865 . Bartlett, Hiram M.. lUishnell. enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out Aug. 7, 1805. Brannan, Patrick, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 14, 1802; killed at Franklin, Tenn., Nov. 30, 1864. Cole, Samuel D., Prairie Citv, enli.-tcd Aug. 14, IMVJ; transferred to Invalid Corps, Aug. 5, 1803. Cooper, Cvrus, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14, 1802: mustered out Aug. 7, 1805. Fordham," John, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; transferred to Co. D; absent sick at muster out. McElvain, George W., Walnut Grove, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; transferred to Co. G ; mustered out Aug. 7, 1865. Maro.se. Daniel R.. Prairie Citv, enlisted Aug. 14, 1802: mustered out Aucr. 7,1805. Miller, John W,, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14. 1862; discharged Feb. 12, 1.h63: disability. Neglv, John F., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14, 1802: discharged Jan. 29, 186:!; disability Sanders, Anthonv, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14, 1802: discharged March 14, 1N03; disability. Wilson, Curtis B., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14. I.MVJ; nuistcred out .\ng. 7, 1805. Negly, John F., Bushnell, enlisted Nov. 18. 1863; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry ; mustered out Nov. 24, 1865. Shreves. Henry S., Bushnell, enlisted Nov. 18, 1863; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; must- ered out Nov. ■.'4. 180.^ Wilson, William, Bushnell, enlisted Nov. 18, 1863; transfered to 3;M Illinois Infantry; mustered otif Nov. 24. 1865. Wilson, Amos, Bu.shnell, enlisted Nov. 18, 1863; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mustered out Nov. 24, 1865. '226 HISTORY OF m'doNOTCH CoUNTV SKVENTY-EIGIITIL IXFAIS^TRY. IIOSTKR OF OFFlCEliS. Colonel Carter ^'au Vleck, Macomb, commissioned Jan. 1), ISW ; died Aug. l'o, 1804 ; wounded at Atlanta, Ga. Maior William L. Broaddu.s, Macomb, commi.ssioned Sept. 1.'), 18C2; killed Sept. 20, 18(13. Adjutant Charles V. Chandler, Macomb, commissioned Sept. 20, 1x62; resigned April 3, 18C4. Surgeon Thomas M. Jordon, Macomb, commissioned Sept. 1, l.sfi2; resigned April 5. 1863. Second Assistant Surgeon Durham M. Creel, Industry, commissioned March 24, 1864: mustered «ut June 7, ixeri. Chaplain Robert F. Taylor, Macomb, commissioned Sept. 7, 1862; resigned July 8, 1863. Sergeaiit-Major Charles V. Chandler, Macomb, commissioned Aug. 14, 1862; promoted Second Lieutenant Co. I. Sergeaiit-Major Harman Veatch, Tennes.see, commissioned Aug. 15, 1862; promoted Second Lieu- tenant Co. I. Principal Musician Daniel M. Carroll, Industry, commissioned Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 186.S. Principal Musician Reuben L. Maynard, Industry, commissioned August 11, 1862; absent sick at muster out of Regiment. COMPANY A. Brundage, George W., Bethel, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; discharged Aug. 24, 1863 ; disability. Brundage; James, Bethel, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865, as corporal. Fugate, Martin V.. Bethel, enlisted Aug. 11, 1802; killed at Chickamauga, Sept. 20, 1863. Fugate Samuel II., Betbel. enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; died Resaca, Ga., May 17, 1804, wounded. Frisby, Abraham, Bethel, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; mustered out June 7, 187.5. Husted, Talmon, Bethel, enlisted Aug. 11, 1802; transferred to V. R. C. Scott, Amos, Bethel, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862; promoted to First Lieutenant. Toland, Solomon, Bethel, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862: killed at Chickamauga Sept. 20, 1863. Toland, William. Bethel. Aug, 1.5, 1862: discharged Feb. 14, 1863; disability. Johnson, David, Middletown, enlisted Nov. 18, 1863; transferred to Co. H, 34th 111. Infantry. Hendricks, Harvy F., Colmar, enlisted Feb. 25, 1804: transferred to Co. H, 34th 111. Infantry. Mullens, John W., Macomb; transferred to Co. H, 34th 111. Infantrv. Scott, Richard W., Bethel, enlisted Feb. 25, 1864; died Sept. 2, 1864 ; wounded. COMPANY C. Captain Charles R. Hume, Blandinsville, commissioned Sept. 1, 1862; resigned Dec. 18, 1864. • Captain George W. Blandin, Blandinsville. commissioned Dec. 18, 1864; mustered out June 7, 1865. First Lieutenant Oliver P. Courtwright, Blandinsville, commissioned Sept. 1, 1862; resigned Oct. «, 1863. First Lieutenant Andrew J. O'Neil, Blandinsville, commissioned May 10, 1805; mustered out Junes, 186.5. Second Lieutenant John E. James, Blandinsville, commissioned Oct. 6, 1803; killed in battle June 27, 1864. Bond, Marion D. M,, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1802: discharged May 5, 1865; wounds. Bently, Joseph H. Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12. I.s02: discluuged Aprils, 1863; fli.sability. Boylan, Thomas C., IJlandinsville, enlisted .\ug. 2, 1,S62; mustered out June 7, 1865. Bridges, Thomjis B., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; transferred to Company I, Oct. 1, 1862. Carter, Isaac G,, Blandinsville, Aug, 12, 1862: mustered out July 7, 1865. •Chaffin, Philip. Blandinsville, enlisted Aug 16, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1805. ■Cole, Eleazer, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12, 1802; deserted Jan. 3, 1063. Curtis, Mark M., Blandinsville, enlisted July 21, l.stiJ; deserted Jan. 'A, 1863, as corporal. • Carnes, Ilenrv, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2. l.SiVJ; mustered out June 7, 1865. Clark, Edward, Blandinsville, enlisted .Inly :;o, ls(;2: di.seharged Oct. ;5, 1802: disability. Cline, Marshall (-., I'.laudinsville, enlisted Aug, 12, INVJ; killed at Atlanta, Ga., Aug. 7, 18C4. Curtis, Joseph P., Blandinsville. enlisted Aug. 22, 1S62: mustered out June 7, 1805. Downen, Thomas J., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 14, 1802: tiansfered to comiiany I Oct. 1, 1862. Davis, Thomas J., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; discharged Feb. 1, isr.l: disability. Dowell, George W., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2. 1802: died at Nashville, Teiin,, Oct. 29, 1863. Dixon, William. Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1802: deserted .Um. :i, 1803. Duncan, .lames M., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, ISOJ; mustered out June 7, 18G5, a.s corporal. Duncan, John, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1802; discharged March 13, 1863, as muscian, dis- ability. Duftield, 'VVi'liara 11,. Blandinsville, Aug. 1, 1802; mustered out June 17, 180.5, prisoner of war. Decker, Nathaniel, Mac(mib, enlisted Aug. 14, 1802; transferred to Co. I. Oct. 1, 1862. Forrest, John, I'.laiidinsville, enlisted Aug. 13, 1802; killed at Jonesboro, Ga., Sept. 1, 186-1. Frank, .lohn, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; mustered out June 7, 186,5. Freeland, William ('., lilandinsville, enlisted July 22, 1862; mustered out June 22, 186.5. Green, John F., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 21, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865. Galbreath, John T., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 13, 1802; mustered out June 7, 1805. Gorham, .John, Blandinsville, enlisted Julv 22, 1862: mustered out June 7, 18t)5. Gibson. Samuel T., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 10, 1802; transferred to Co. I. Oct. 1, 1862. Harmon, William W., Blandinsville, enlisted July 21, 1862; died at Savannah, Feb. 21, 18'»>. Harmon, Jt)hn, Blandinsville, enlisteil July 22, 1«62; mustered out June 7, 1865. Hamilton, Elisha, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12, 1802; mustered out June 17, 1805. Hainline, John R., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 10, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1805. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 227 Huddlestou. James R., BhuKHnsvillp, enlisted Auc. 2, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1805. Hendricks, Lewis, Uliiudinsville, enlisted Aug. 9. 1862; mustered out June 7, 18fi5, as corporal. James, John \V., Blundinsville, enlisted A\ig. 2, 18(>2; killed at Jone.sboro, Ga., Sept. 1, 1861. James, William I-;., I{Uvn, as ser- geant. Keithley, Perry. Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12. 1862; mustered out June?, 1805. Keithley, Joseph II., Blandinsville, enlisted July :W, 1802: mustered out June 7. 1805. I.indsey, Tlionias. Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12, 1802; died at Chattanooga, June 25, 1804. Lawsoii, Joseph I)., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 19, 1802; deserted Sept. :'.0, 1862. McGee, William F., Blandinsville, enlisted July 28, 1862; mustered out June 7. 1865. Morgan, Clinton, lilandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1802; drummed out of service Nov. -1, 1862. Messacher, Silas, Blandinsville, enlisted .\ug. 2, 1802; mustered out June 7, 1805. Mayhngh, John T.. Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 15, 1802; mustered out June 7, 1865. .Mayhugh, Francis T., Blandinsville, enlisted .\ug. 2, 1802; deserted May 21, 180:!. Marshall, Josephns, Blandinsville. enlisted Aug. 19, lst;2; deserted Jan. 9, hsCw. Michaels, Jacob H., Blandinsville, enlisted July 29, 1802 ; killed at Kenesaw Mountain June 27, 1864. Martin, George. Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862 ; mustered out June 7, 1S05. Mealey. Michael. Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 180.) ; Sergeant, killed at Atlanta, Sept. 4,1804. Magie" James K., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 1, 1802 : mustered out June 7, l,s05, First Sergeant. .Magie, Charles 11.. Blandinsville. enlisted Aug. 1, 1802 ; died at Nashville. Tenn., Aug. 19, 1863. Mayhugii, Loban D., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12. 1802 ; deserted May 21, 1803. McFall, Sylvester, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1802 ; discharged Dec 10, 1864; wounded ; Cor- ])oral. .Midcap, Nathaniel, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862 ; mustered out June 7, 1865. ifeeks, Luther. Blandinsville. enlisted Aug. 12, 1802 ; mustered out June 7, 1865 ; Sergeant. Messacher. \Vm. D., Blandinsville. enlisted Aug. 2. 1S62 ; mustered out June 7, 1865; Corporal. >[onohan, John. Blandinsville. enlisted Aug. 16, 1862 ; died at Chattanooga April 3, 1864. Norris, Charles L.. Jilandinsville, enlisted July 2?>, 1862 ; died at Chattanooga Nov. 6, 1864. O'Neii, Andrew J., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1802; promoted First Lieutenant. (>"Cain, James, Blandinsville. August 10, 1802 ; discharged .Sept. 1.3, 180.3; disability. Rush. John W.. Blandinsville, enlisted July 22. 1802 ; killed at Jonesboro, (xa., Sept. 1, 1804. Roberts, Peter B., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. i;^, 1862 , mustered out June 7, 1865. Riddell, Sylvester, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; died at Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 30, 186;^. Sherry, Marion, Blandinsville, Aug. 1, 1802 ; mustered out June 7, 1865. i^mith, William, Blandinsville, enlisted July 21, 1862 ; discharged March 7, 1873 , disability. Spielman, Charles L , Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865; Sergeant. Stafford. Albert J., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 10,1862; mustered out June 12, 1865 ; Sergeant. Sims, John, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862 ; transferred to Co. I Oct. 1, 1862. Tyft, Cyrell, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. l:i, 1802 ; killed at Jonesboro, Ga., Sept. 1, 1864. Tipton" James, Blandinsville, Aug. 10. 1802; discharged Nov. 11, 1862; disability. ^"enning Henry, Blandinsville. enlisted Aug. 2, ls62 ; killed at Jonesboro, Ga., Sept. 1, 186-4. Warner, Wm. IF, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862 ; mustered out June 7, 1865. Wnrley, John L., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug, 2, 1862 ; mustered out June 7,1805. Wilson, Andrew, Blandinsville, enlisted .^ug. 12, 1802 : mustered out June 7, 1805. Woodside. John W., Blandinsville, enlisted July 29, 1802; deserted March 7, 1863. Wilson, Elias H., Blandinsville, enlisted .\ug. 2, 1862; mustered out June 22, 1865; prisoner of war. Worley. William H. IL, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1802; mustered out June 17, 1865. Welsh, .Fames 1;., Blandinsville, enlisted .\iig. 14, 1862; mustered out . I uno 7, 1805. Willielms, William .\., Blandinsville. enlisted Aug. 11, 1802; transferred to Co. I Oct. 1, 1S62. liiiyles. Joseph W., IJlandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1802; mustered out June 7, 1865. Brown. Frederick P.. Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1802; deserted Jan. :^, 1863. (hafliii, Michael, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 22. 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865. Kirk. ,I;ihn W., Hire, enlisted March 19, 1804; mustered out June 22, 1805. I'ace. Ingram, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 1, 1862; transferred to Co. I Oct. 1, 1862. Tifr, Semer, IJIandinsville, enlisted July 22, 1862; rejected by mustering oflicer. Terry, Richard L., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; died of wounds, in service. Warner, Jesse, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 22, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865. COMPANY D. I.,uc-. Uilliam. Industry, enlisted Aug. 28, 1862; mustered out June 7. 1865. COMPANY F. (aptain Flisha .Morse. Macomb, iiinimissioned June 6, ls05: mustered out June 7. lsr.5 : pro- moted from First Lieutenant. CO. MP ANY 1. Captain Granville H. IJeynolds, Industry, coramiss.sioned Sept. 1, 1862; resigned Dee. 19. 18ii4. First l>ientenant Ilardiu" Hovey, Macomb, commissioned Sept. 1, 1802; honorably discharged May 1.5. I,s6.5. Second Lieutenant .lames H. McCandless, Macomb, commissioned September 1. 1S5. Allen, Richard (!., Scotland, enli-sted Aug. 11, 186-.': died at .Andcrsonville Prison, May 28, 1864. Allhouse, Lebeus, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 18G2; died at Riclxmond, Va., Feb. 14, 1864, while a prisoner of war. Anstine, Theodore P., Bethel, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862: mustered out June 7, ISfi'i, a prisoner of war. Buchanan, .lames C, Industry, enlisted August 14, ksiil: mustered out June 7, 1S6.\ as sergeant. Brown, Daniel, Industry, enlisted Aug. '.I, ISlVi; mustered out June 7, 1865. Bennett, Albert C, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862. Died at Boston. Ky., Nov. 12, 1862. Beatty Simon B , Industry, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; mustered out June 7, 186.'S, as corporal. Bowman. William H., Betliel, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862: died November 26, 186H, wounds. Baymiller. Micluiel, Industry, enlisted August 11, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865. Brown, Christopher, Industry, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; died at Richmond, Va., Jan, 2:^, 1S64, while a prisoner of war. Bear, John O., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862. mustered out June 7, 1865; corporal. Batchelor, John, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14. 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865. (.;hapnian. Dou'^ias M., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 22, 1862; mn.stered out June 7, 1865. Chase, lames >i., ScoUand, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865. Clarli, Jerome J.. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1852: tir-t sergeant; died April :M, l.<65, of wound.s. Cowgill, John F., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; discharged Jan.:^0, 1864; disability. Carroll, Daniel M., Industry, enlisted Aug. 14. 1862; promoted principal musician. Carroll, James S., Industry, Aug. 9, 1862; discharged July 7, 186)5, disability. Craig, Simeon, Scotland, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; died at Audcrsouville Prison, Sept. 22, 1864; No. of grave 9,:^07. CJarnaham. Sophroneus, Industry, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865. as corporal. Downen, Thcnnas J., Industry, eulistcd Aug. 14. 1862; discharged April 20, 1864, wounds. Diserron, Daniel, Industry, enlisted Aug. 6. 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865. David, (ieorge H., Industry, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; died Oct. 2, 186:5; wounds. DeCamp. (Join S.. Industry, enlisted Aug. 11. 1862: mustered out June 7, 1865, Dallam, Samuel W., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865. Doran, Hugh H., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; died in Andersonville Prison May 28, 1S6I; No. ol grave, 1441. pAlmondsou, Thomas, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 18.52: mustered out June 7, 186.5, as sergeant. Garrison, Zacariah M., Industry, enlisted Aug. 14, ISiisf: mustered out June 7, 1865, as sergeant. liibson, John, Industry, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; discharged April 6, 1863; disability. Gill, Benjamin F , Macomb, enlisted .\ug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865. Howe, John B., Emmet, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865. Hall. George P., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865. Ilogue, George P., Macomb, enlisted ^ng. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865, as corporal. Hamilton, Parmenium, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; died Oct. 15, 1863, of wounds. Hummer, John, Industry, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1863, as corporal. Lane, Benjamin F., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; killed at Chicliamauga, Sept. 20, 1863. Laughlin, Robert F., Macomb, enlisted Aug. l.>, 1S62: mustered out May 24, 1865. Monfort, Lawrence M., Mound, Aug. 15, 1862: discharged July '_'4, 186:5; disability. McCandless, Moses A., Macomb, enlisted .\ug 14: killed near (iriggsville. Tenn., Nov. 26, 1864. MeCandless, Wilson, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14. !8t.L': mustered o\it June 7, 1865, as corporal. Maxwell, John C., Industry, enlisted Aug. 9, ISilJ: discharged Aug. 9, 1863, as corporal, disability. Mvers, John V., Industry, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862: mustered out June 7, 1865, as corporal, McClellan, James C, Industry, Aug. 9, 1862; sergeant; discharged Aug. 1864, for promotion in U. S. colored troops. McClellan, John, Chalmers, enlisted .-Vug. 9,1862: discharged April 30, 1863: di.sabihty. McClellan, William G., Chalmers, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; discharged Dec. 12, 1862, for promotion in U. S. colored troops. Mayfie'.d, Joseph, Industry, enlisted Aug, 15: mustered out Tune 7, 1865; pri.soner of war. I'enniHgton, Joseph L., Industry, Aug. 9, ls62: discharged Jan. 19, 1863; disability. Pitman. Burress E., enlisted .^ug. 14, 1S(;2: discharged Aug. IS, 18(;3; disability. Pittman, George, Industry, Aug. 14, 1S62; discharged Aug. 24, 186:5; disability. Pembroke, John F , Scotland, enlisted .Vug. 13, 186..'; musl'.red out June 7, 1865. Plotts, Thomas M., Macomb, Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865. Parker, Henry, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14; mustered out June 7, 1865. Painter, (ieorge, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14. 1862; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, Sept. 1. 1863. Rhea, Elias B., Mound, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862: mustered out June 7, 1865. Ricketts, Harvey, Sciota, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 22, 1865; prisoner of war. Reed, Henry G., Industry, enlisted Aug. 14. 1862: mustered out June 7. 1865. Reed, William R., Industry, enlisted .4ug. 7, 1862: mustered out June 17, 1865; i)risoner of war Shannon, John F., Industry, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 18, 1865, as first sergeant. Scudder, Je.ssie B., Industry, enlisted Atig. 11, 186.;. mustered out June 7, 1865. Stewart, Francis M., Industry, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; died at Andersonville Prison, Aug. 20, 1864, No. of grave 6,292. Stewart, Thomas B., Industry, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps April 18, 1864. Shannon. James P., Industry, enlisted Aug. 14. 1S62: mustered out .lune 7, 1865. .Seward, John W., Industry, enlisted Ang. 11, 18C.2; died Oct. 22, 1863. Stewart, John F., Industry, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862: transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps April 28, 18t>4. Scudder, Martin V., Industry, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; discharged June 30, 1863; disability. Smith, Joseph A., Scotland, enlisted Aug. 14, 1861: mustered out June 17, 1865; prisoner of war. Smith, James H., Macomb, enlisted .'Vug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865, ns sergeant. Smith, William F.. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14. 'stij; musten d out June 7. 1865. Tunis, Josepli, Bethel, enlisted Aug. 19, 1862; dischaiged May 1, 1863; disability. Tunis, Isaac, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14; mustered out June 7, 1865. Vail, Thomas J., Industry, enlisted Aug. 9; died at Nashville, Tenn., July .3, 1863. Vincent. David A., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 14, 1865; prisoner of war. Weaver, William, Chalmers, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; died Sept. 6, 1864; wounds. HISTORY OK m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 229 Weaver, John, Chalmers, enlisted Ahr. 11, 1862; mustered ont. Tune 7, ISCi'). Wilhrow, James K , Mncumb, enlisted Aug. 1-1. 1«(>'J; mustered out ,Iune 7, 18(j5. Wilson, Lewis R., Industry, enlisted Aug, 14, 1862; mustered out .Inne 7, 1865. Wilson, Kul'ns R.. IndustrV, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865. Bronddus. Thomas H., Mneomb, er.listel June 15, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1S65. Bridges, Thomas li , Imhistry, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; diseharged Aug. 24, 1.S63, disability. Carroll, John R., Industry, enlisteil Aug. 14, 1862; died in Andersonville Prison Aug. 24, 1863, No. of grave 7.(i:'w. Cupp, Jon;is P., Chahners, enlisted Feb. 4, 1864; discharged May 5, 1865. Cupp. William C, Chalmers, enlisted Feb. 4, 1864; transferred to company F, 34th Illinois In- fantry. Ueeker, Nathaniel, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out Jmie 6, 1865; prisoner of war. Ellis, James C, Macomb, enlisted Jan. 19, 1864: transferred to company F 34th Illinois Infantry. Faber, Jacob. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 22, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865. Gibson, Samuel F., Industry, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; died in Andersonville Prison, July 29, 1864, No. of grave 4,2(11. M(?CUntock, Karr, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865. McClure, Hugh, Chalmers, enlisted teb. 4, 1864; transferred to Company F., 34th Illinois In- fantry. Pace, Ingram A., Scotland, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; discharged December 13, 1864; disability. Sims, Joim, Scotland, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; mustered out June 17, 1865; prisoner of war. Wilhelm, William A., Industry, enlisted Aug. 20; discharged Oct. 1, 1864; disability. Wilhelra, Samuel P., Industry, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; mustered out July 23, 1865, prisoner of war . EIGHTY-FOURTH INFANTRY. ROSTER OF OFFICERS. Colonel Lewis H. Waters, Macomb, commissioned Sept. 1, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865; pro- moted Brevet Brigadier-Ceneral, Jan. 13, 1865. Adjutant Charles E. Waters, Macomb, commissioned Sept. 1, 1862; resigned Sept. 29, 1863. Quartermaster Louis A. Simmons, Macomb, commissioned July 25, 1863; mustered out June 8, 1865. Surgeon James B. Kyle, Macomb, enlisted Sept. 1, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865. COMPANY A. Captain John P. Higgins, Macomb, commissioned Sept. 1, 1862; resigned .Tan. 24, 186.5. Captain Willis Edson, Macomb, commissioned Jan. 24, 1865; mustered out June 8, 186.5. Second Lieutenant William F. Stearns, Macomb, commissioned Sept. 1. 1862; mustered out May 7, l>i63. Second Lieutenant John S. Walker, Macomb, commissioned June 6, 1865; mustered out June 8^ 186.5. Sergeant John McCabe, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862. Detached at muster out of regiment. Sergeant Edwin B. Rail, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; discharged June 11, 1863. Sergeant Thomiis M. Whitehead, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; died at Gallatin, Tenn., Dec. II, 1862. Corporal Warren S. Odell, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865, as sergeant. Corpond Joseph B. Wortman, Scotland, enlisted Aug. 4, l,sii2: discharged April 2, 1863; wounds. Corporal David J. Tuggle, Industry, enlisted July 30, 1862: died March 31, 1863; wounds. Corporal Quincy A. Roberts, Industry, enlisted Aug. 2, 1,S62; killed at Rocky Face Ridge, May 9, 1864. Corporal William J. Lea, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; discharged April 21, 1863. Corporal Thomas J. Starns, Scotland, enlisted June 25, 1862; died at Nashville, Tenn., Eeb. 14, 1863. CorporaJ William Jones, Industry, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; discharged June 26, 1864; wounds. Allen, CoiTner W., Industry, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; deserted Sept. 22, 1862. Archer. George C, Bethel, enlisted -•Vug. 9, l,s62; musterecl out June 8, 1865, as corporal. Blair, Samuel, Macomb, enlisted A\ig. 22. 1862: die. .^Iartin IL, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8, 18{i2; transferred to Mississippi Marine Brigade, Ajiril 11, 18(3. l>ailey, James, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 7, 18(J2; mustered out June 8, 186.5. Dailey, Isaac \V., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 18(')2; discharged April 2:i, 1863, disability. Krwiii, .lessie L., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 28, 1862; mustered out June 8, 186,1, wounds. I'liley, William H,, Macomb, enlisted June 11. 1802; discharged Feb. 27, 186:j; disability. I-erguson, Jackson \'.. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 29, 1802; died at Benton Barracks, Mo.", Februarv ii). 1m;:;. Hill. James, Macomb, enlisted July 22. 1862; discharged Feb. 19, 1862, disability. Harris, John, Macomb, enlisted July 20, 1802; mustered out June 8. 186,3. Hall, Henry, Macomb, enlisted July 19, 18(12; transferred to Miss. Marine Brigade in 186:$. Herron, Wesley C, Macomb, enlisted July 5, 1862; mustered out June 8, 186.'i, as sergeant. Harris, George W., Macomb, enlisted July 24, 1862; mustered out June 8, 186.i. Herndon, Alleu A., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 9, 1802; died at Nashville, Feb. 20, 1862. Hammer, Josiah Y., New Salem, enlisted .\ug. 7, 1802; mustered out June 8, 18li5, as corporal. Harlan, Marcus L., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; discharged April 22, 1863; disability. Johnson, James, Macomb, enlisted June 25, 1802; mustered out June 8. 1865. Kemble, Thomas E., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; transfered to Mississippi marine brigade in 1863. Kelsey, Cyrus, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; discharged March 13. 1863; disability. Lee, Cicero B., Macomb, enlisted June 13, 1802; re,iected. Markham, Albert, Macomb, enlisted July 12, 1862; discharged March 2, 1863: wounds. McQuestion, Alexander, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1802; died at Na.shville. Feb. 7, 1863. Martin, Thomas J., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 15, 1802; corporal; mustered out June 8, 1865; woun ds McDaniels, tieorge W., Macomb, erdisted Aug. 2, 1862; discharged Ai)ril 14, 1863, wounds. Maines, Uavid, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 9, 1S62: transfered to invalids corps Nov. 20, 1863. Maxwell, George, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865, as sergeant. Pennington, Cliarles W., Macomb, enlisted Aug 6, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1805, as corporal. I'rovine, James IL, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; discharged Oct. 5, 1804; wounds; corporal. I'urdam, Abraham, Scotland, enlisted Aug. 0, 1862; died at Nashville, Feb. 15, 1863; wounds. Furdam, James. Scotland, eulisted Aug. 0, 1802; mustered out June 8, 1865; wounded. Pennington, Richard W., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 7, 1802; killed at Stone River, Dec. 31, 1862. Pennington, William T.. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; discharged May 11, 1863; disability. Rollins, John II. . Kmniet. enlisted June 18, 1862; died at Na^hville, Tenn., Jan. 2, 1863. Ringer, William W., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 0, 1802; discharged Jan. 0. 1865: wounds. Sunipter, Henry, Macomb, enlisted July 1, 1802; mustered out June 8, 1805. Simmons, William W., Macomb, enlisted June 14, 1862; died at Bowling Green, Ky., Nov. 23, 1862. Sweeney, John W., Macomb, enlisted July 1, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865. Strattoii, John W., Colchc-ter, enlisted July 21, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865. Stratton, Elijah, Colchester, enlisted July 25, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865; sergeant. Smith, Samuel A., Macomb, enlisted .\ug. 7, 1862; mustered ovit June 8, 1865. Smith, Edward, ^iacomb. enlisted .\ug. 7. 1802; died Sept. 22, 1803; wounds. Swigart, Josiah, Macomb, enlisted June 19, 1862; died in McDonough county, 111., June 9, 1864. Sweeney, William, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 9, 1802; discharged March 10, 1865, disability. Tandy, Jeptha M., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 9, 1.S02: mustered otit June 8, 1865. Venable. John W., Macomb, enlisted July 29, 1802; discharged Feb. 8. 1863, disability. Vleet, David, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 9, 18*02; dischartced April 23, 1863, disability. A'anmeter, Henry, Macomb, enlisted July 28, 1802; died at Dallas, Ga., June 1, 1864. \Vitherell, Cyrus, Macomb, enlisted June 13, 1802; mustered out June 8, 1865. Willis, Abraham V., Macomb, enlisted lulv 26, 1862: dieii at Lf)uisville, Ky., Dec. 6, 1802. Wiiislow, William IL. Macomb, enlisted July 21, 1862: died at Nashville. Tenn., Dec. 21. 1862. ^\ inslow, Charles F.. Macomb, enlisted July 24, 1862; diselnirgcd March 5, 1863, disability. \\ilkinson. Frederick, Macomb, enlisted July 22, 1862: mustered out June 8, 1865, wouuils. Wavlaiul, William IL, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; Transferred to Mississippi Marine Brigade in 186.0. Walker, William C. Macomb, enlisted June 18, 1862: discharged Jan. 28, 1863, disability. Hunter, James II. , Macomb, enlisted Dec. 16, 1863; transferred to Co. F., 21st Illinois Infantry; mustered out Dec. 16. 1865. Hankins, .John, New Salem, enlisted Feb. 11, 1861; transferred to Co. F., 21st Illinois Infantry; mustered out Dec. 16, 1865. COMPANY E. Taylor, Benjamin F., New Salem, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862: mustered out June 8, 1865, as corporaL COMPANY F. Second Lieutenant Samuel Frost. New Salem, commissioned Sept. 1, 1862; resigned Nov. 23. 186.1. Second Lieutenant Joseph Price, Eldorado, commi.ssioned June 6, 18()3; mustered out June 8, 1805. Corporal Eli Elwell, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; killed at Stone River, Dec. 31, 1862. Corporal James H. Kennie, New Salem, eulisted Aug. 7, 1862; Sergeant; died at Chattanooga. Oct. 20, 1803. wounds. Con'oral Rufus L. Cox, Eldorado, enli.sted Julv 31, 186C: transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, Aug. 14, 1864. 232 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. Benson, Vachcl, New S;ilem, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; killed at Stone River Bee. 31, 18C2. Enders, Cliristopber, New Siilein, enlisted Aug. 2, 18ii2: killed at Stone River Dee. :^1, 1862. Graves, Alkii, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, 18(i2; died at Muri'eeesboro, ,Tan. 23, 18(53. Herlocker, James M , New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, 1802; mustered out June 8, 18t).3 as corporal ; wound.s. Hammond, Benjamin, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; mu.stered out June 8, 186.5. Kerr, George N., New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; died at Quiney, 111., Feb. 11, 1864; wounds. Kerr, Clayburn T., New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865 as sergeant: wounded. Knock, Daniel, Eldorado, enlisted Aug. 7, 1802; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, April 16, 1864; wounded. McConnell, George, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 10, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865. Miller, Eevi A., New Salem, enlisted Aug. 10, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1805, as corporal. McFadden, Samuel N., Eldorado, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; discharged Dec. 25, 1862; disability. Nebergall, Reuben J., New Salem, enlisted Aug. 10, 1862; discharged Dee. 25. 1802; disability. Seaburn, George, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps July 1, 1863. Sloan, John F., New Salem, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1805. Shaffer, John, Bardolph, enlisted Aug. 9, 1802; mustered out June 8, 1805, as sergeant. Swearingin, Martin, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865, as sergeant. Swearingen, George, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865. Thomas, John, Eldorado, enlisted July 31, 1801; mustered out June 8, 1805. Turner, Thorns B.. Eldorado, enlisted Aug. 9, 1802; discharged May 4, 1863, wounds. Wetsel, Christopher, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, IstiL'; mustered out June 8, 1805. Walroth, Abram N., New Salem, enlisted Aug. 12, mnstfred out June 8, 1865. Culp, Willliam, Bushnell, enisled Dec. 23, 1802; transferred to Company F'., 21st Illinois Infantry: mustered out Dec. 10, 1865. > EIGHTY-EIGHTH IXFANTKY. COMPANY A. Campbell, Thomas, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 11,1862; sergeant; died at Cowan Station, Tenn., July 27, 1863. Moss Samuel, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; discharged March 18, 1863; disability. Peterman, David P., Colceester,. enlisted Aug, 13,1803; died at Atlanta, Ga., July 28, 1864. of wounds. Randolph, John H.; Macomb, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862; transferred to Engineer Corps. COMPANY F. Sergeant .lames W. Filson, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; transferred to Veteran Reserve corps. Hol'lenbeck, Francis, Sciota, enlisted Aug. 14, 1802; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, mus- ered out July 27, 1805. ONE HUI^DRED AND THIRD INFANTRY. COMPANY F. Corporal Andrew J. Justice, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; mustered out June 21, 1865, as se recant. Musician William A. Smith, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 18, 1862; di.seharged Sept. 6, 1863; disability. Musician William E. Cooper, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 21, l.s02: discharged Jan. 30, 1864; disability, l^uck, Joseph H., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. It, Isti'J; mustered out June 21, 1805. Buck, Joseph, Bushnell, cnli^teil Aug. 14, 1m;2; mustered out June 21, 1805. Baughinuii. Samuel, Huslnu'U, enlisted jVug. 14, 18i'i2; mustered out June 21. 1805. HoUVr, Williiiin, Husluu'll, enlisted A\ig. 12, ls02: mustered out June 21, 180.5. Post, William, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 22, l.s02; mustered out June 21, 1805. COMPANY G. Ames, Amaricus, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862: transferred to Co. I; mustered out wounded. Myens, Artemus. Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 22, 1862; killed at Kenesaw Mountain, June 27, 1864. Yocum, John W., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 22, 1802; mustered out June 21, 1865. ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTEENTH INFANTRY. COMPANY A. Freeman, John P., Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 15, 1802; discharged June 6, 1865, as sergeant; dis- abilitv. Fortney, Henry M., Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 15, 1802; corporal; transferred to \ eteran Reserve Corps, Sept. 3, 1863. Ix;al, ('lark, Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862: mustered out Oct. 1, 1805, as corporal. Martin, Henry C, Macomb, enlisted Aug. V\ 1802; died on steamer Di Vernon, Jan. 18. 1803. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 233 COMPANY B, Burhani. .Tames T., Sciotii, enlisted Feb. 13, 186.'); aied Aug. 20, 18G.5. Ilaiph, .Ji)hti. KUloniiio: mustered out Oct. 1, 1865. Liidd, Andrew I,., Seiota, enlisted March 27, 18G.'); mustered out Oct. 1, 186,5. M('('ants, Leander, Maeonit), enlisted Feb. 14, 1865; mustered out Oct. I, 1865. Mattelli. Connid. Bethel, enlisted March 15, 1865 ; committed suicide May 12, 1865. Riimsey, Samiiel, Sciota, enlisted Feb, 16, 1865 ; discharged Aug. 23, 1865, disability. Wells, Lewis T., Sciota, enlisted Feb. 16, 1865 ; mustered out Oct. 1, 1865. Weider, Alonzo, .Sciota, enlisted Feb. 16, 1865 ; mustered out Oct. 1, 1805. COMPANY E. Corporal .lacob D. Bungar, Blandinsville, enlist'"d Aug. 14, 1862; discharged May 18, 186.5. Corporal Thomas, George W., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; discharged Oct. 10, 1864; dis- ability. COMPANY I. House. William A., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 28, 1865; mustered out Oct. 1, 1865. COMPAl^Y K. Hazel, Solomon, Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862; Transferred to Invalids Corps, Nov. 26, 1863. Martin, George W., Macomb. Transferred to tlie 33d 111. Infantry. Phillip, Phelix L., Macomb. Toland, D. L., Macomb. Clark. Peter, Macomb; rejected. OXE HUXDRED AXD XINETEENTH IXEAXTRY. COMPANY H. f apiain Samuel McConnell. Bushnell, commissioned Oct. 7, 1862 ; mustered out Aug. 26, 1865. First Lieutenant Henry C. Mullen, Bardolph, commissioned Oct. 7, 1862 ; resigned June 3, 1863. First Lieutenant Jackson Wells. Bushnell, commissioned June 2, 1863; mustered out Aug. 26, Second Lietenant Samuel D. Sawyer, Bardolph, commissioned June 2, 1863; mustered ont Aug, 26. 1865. First .Sergeant Nathan B, McGraw, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862 ; discharged Oct. 26, 1863. Sergeant Levi S. Mils, Bushnell. enlisted A>ig. 1, 1862; mustered ont Aug. 26, 1865, as 1st sergeant. .-^ergeant Joel C. Bond. Busliiiell, enlisted .Vug. 13, 1865 ; mustered out Aug. 26, 1865. .Sergeant Robert T. Carter, Bardolph, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; died at Vicksburg, Aug. 13, 1864. Sergeant I'arvis II. Moore, Bashnell, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; mustered out Au^ 26, 1865. Arthur, Daniel, Bushnell. enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; mustered out July 19, 1865. Anderson, William II., Bushnell. enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; mustered out Aug. 26, 1865, as corporal. Amos, George W., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; mustered out Aug. 26. 186.5. Bond, Benjamin, Bu.shnell, enlisted AugT 13, 1862; de.'^erted March 29, 1863. Booth, James. Jr., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; disrtmrged .May 2.5, 1863, disability. Burchelt, Henry B., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; discharged June 29, 1864, disability. Booth, James C, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; mustered out Aug. 26, 186,5. Bechtel, David, Bushnell. enlisted Aug. 15, 1862; mustered out Aug. 26, 1S65. Booth, John, Bushnell, enlisted Aus. 13, 1.862; deserted Nov. 20, 1.S62, Carter, John E.. Bardolph. enlisted \ug. 9. 1862; mustered out Aug. 26, 186.5, as corporal. Clark, James. Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 1. 1,862; discharged Ang. 21, 186.5. Covert, Joseph B., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; discharged June 28, 1.86.5, disability. Crownover, Franklin L., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 13, 1,862: mustered oiit Aug, 28, 1865, as corporal . Covert, David, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14, 18(52; mustered out Aug. 28, 1865. Covert, John, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; corporal; died at Jefferson barracks, Mo., Aug. 24, 18M. Cruser, DeWitt T. B., B\ishnell, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out Aug. 26. 1865. Duncan, Benjamin. Bardolph, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862: died at Memphis, Avig. 5, 1864. Duncan. James E.' Bardolph, enlisted Ang. 9, 1S62; mustered out Aug. 26, 18t>5. Dewey, William IL, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 13. l.s>2; mustered out Ang. 26, 1865. Ebv. .Jeremiah W., Bardolph, enlisted Aug. 22, 1S62; mustered out Aug. 26, 1865. Frost, Richard T., Bu>fhnell, enlisted Aug. 9, ISO.'; discharged Dec. 22, 1,862, disability. Fatist, Charles, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 13, 1.862; discliarged .Vug. 11, 1865, Falck, Frederick, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862, was prisoner; died at Mound City, 111.. Dec. 30, 1862. Frankenburg, Benjamin, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; died at Jefferson Barracks, Mo, Dec. 13, 1864, wounds. Fleming, John, Bardolph, enlisted Aug. 14, 1,862; mustered out Aug. 16, 1865, as corporal. Faulkner, William, Bardolph, cnliijted .Vug, 14, 1.S62; mustered out Aug. 26, 1865. Farley, (ieorge, Bushnell, enlisted August 13, l.S()2; dischaigeil August 21, 1865. • xilson, Alpheus M,. Bushiull, ciilisttMl August 13, 1862; died at ijuincy. 111.. December 14, 186-1. Hobcrt. John, Colchester, enlisted August 12, 1862; dischiirged .November 22, 1862, disability. Hall, James, Bushnell, enlisteil .Vugust II. 1862; deserted March 29, 1863, Hunt, Manning F., Bushnell, enlisted August 13, 1.S62 ; detached at mustering out of regiment, Loggard, Tolbert. Colchester, enlisted August 13, 1862; transferred to veteran reserve corps Jan- uary 16, 1.S64, Kepple. James V,, Bushnell, enlisted .Vugust 14, 1SG2 ; dischnrged Augiist 11, 1865. 234 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. Kantz, George, Biishnell, enlisted Axi^ust 9, 18G2 : disehiirseil June 27, 1805. disability. Lemmoiis. .lames H., Busliiiell, enlisted Augnst9, 18t)2; mustered out August 'Jrt, l«t)'), sergeant. Long, Samuel C, ]5usl)nell, enlisted August i;5, lif^62 ; detuclied at mustering out of regiment. McKennelley, Wilson L., Bushnell, enlisted August 1:^. l.HCri ; died at Memyihis, July 20, 1861. McMaster, William W., Bardolph, enlisted August 22, isii'j; jjromdti'd to hospital sti'ward. McMein, Ammon P., Bushnell, enlisted August 22, l.sti2 : disehargi-d .\\igust 21, l.sfi.j, disal^ility. Noel. William T., Bushiudl. enlisted August IH, l.sii2: mustered out August 2G, IStJ.i. Oglesby, William T., Bushnell, enlisted August 14, isr)2 ; mui-tered out August 26, 18G,'). Parvin", Isaac M., Bardulph, enlisted August 14, 1862; mustered out August 26, 1865. Pelly, John 1)., Bardolph, enlisted August 0, 1862 ; mustered out August 26, 1865. Plotts, John C, Bushnell, enlisted .\ugust 1:^ 1862; mustered out August 26, 1865, wounded. Plotts, Martin L., Bushnell, enlisted August IS. 1862; mustered out August 26, 1865. Purman, John II., jSIacomb, enlisted .\ug\ist 14, 1862: mustered out August 26, 1865. Pugh, Alexander, Bardolph, enlisted Atigust 22, isr.i; : mustered out .\ugust 26, 1865, as wagoner. Stearns, Abdallah M., Bushnell, enlistcii August',*, 1862; discharged November 23, 1S62. Snook, Koswell H., Bushnell, enlisted A>ig\ist 1:>, 1862 ; mustered out June 15, 1865. Sutton, James A., Bushnell, enlisted August 13, 1862; mustered out August 16, 186.5, wounded. Thomas, William, Bushnell, enlisted August 14, 1862 ; discharged November 18, 1864, disability. Wilson, Lewis, Bardolph, enlisted August 22, IsCi.!; discharged June 22. 1865. Whittlesey, William H., Bushnell, enlisted August;', 1862; discharged June 19, 1865, wounded. Frankenburg, John W., Bushnell, enlisted January 5, bsiu ; mustered out August 26, 186.5. Maxwell, John A., Macomb, enlisted August 22, 18V>2 ; mustered out .\ugust 26, 1865. Morris, John, Bushnell, enlisted October 12, 1862; deserted March 19. I.s6;;. Camp, Thomas J., Bushnell, enlisted August 12, 1862; from Co. I. mustered out August 26, 1865. Couch, William H., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 12. 18ri2; cMuipany 1: died March 30, 1863; wounds. Hyde, Charles, Bushnell, Aug. 12, 1,S62; con\pany 1; deserted June 11, 1S64. Ittle, John, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; died in insane asylum, Washington, D. C, Oct. 1, 1863. Ralston, David R., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; from company I, transferred to veteran re- serve corps in 1864. Wagner, John, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; from company I; mu.stered out Aug. 26, 1865. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FOURTH INFANTRY. COMPANY I). Captain Stephen Brink, Tennessee, commissioned Sept. 10, 1862; resigned Aug. 11, 1863. Captain Abraham Newland, Colchester, commissioned Aug. 11, 1863; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865. Second Lieutenant Travis Mellor, Colchester, commissioned Sept. 10, 1862, resigned June 20, 1863. Sergeant John Bechtel, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; died at L. Providence, La., March 21, 1863. Corporal John Baglan, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 5, 1862; discharged Feb. 2, 1864; disability. Corporal James H. Kirk, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; discharged Nov. 8, 1862, as sergeant. Corporal Joseph Jackson, Colchester, enlisted August 8, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865, as ser- geant. Musician William 6. Wilson, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 8, 1,S62; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865. Byerly, David, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; mustered out .\ug. 15. 1865. Bechtel, Abraham G., Colchester, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862; discharged June 5, 1865; disability; cor- poral. Brodbont, Thomas, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862; died May 16, 1863, wounds. Barrett, Abner, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; died at Keokuk, Iowa, Oct. 24, 1863. Bainbridge, John, Colclu'ster, enlisted Aug. 5, 1MV2; dicii at Memphis, Jan. 28, 1863. Boyd, William H., Macoml), enlisted Aug. 5, 1S62; died at .lackson. Tenn., Nov. 15, 1862. Caibert, Simon, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862; died at Memphis, July 24. 1863. Chapin, Robert, Colchester, eidi.sted Aug. 24, 1862; mustered out Aug. "l5, 1865, as corporal. Dungan, John, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865, as sergeant. Dewey, Victor M., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; discharged Sept. 20, 1864, for promotion in U.S. C. H. A. Deener, William F., Middletown, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; mustered out July 5, 1865. Duncan, Joseph, Macomb, enlisted Feb. 25, 18(k; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantrv; mustered out Nov. 24, 1865. Ennis, John W., Colchester, enlisted Aug 12, 1862; discharged in 1865. Gartside, Job, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 6, 1862; died at St. Louis, Nov. 1, 1864. Green, William M., Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out .\ug. 15, 1865. Hume, Thomas, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 5, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865, as sergeant. Hickman, William, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 8, ]S6'.'; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865. Hall, George, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862; died at .lackson, Tenn., Oct. 30, 1862. Hainline, A. J., Colchester, cidisted Aug. 22, 1862: mustered out Oct. 15, 1865. Milbourne, William, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 14, ISCJ: mustered out Oct. 15, 1865, as corporal. McKenzie, William. Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 5, 1862; discharged ,lune5, 186:); woumls. Moore, .John J., Middletown, enlisti'd Aug. 11, 1862; discharged March 17, 1865; disability. Mourning, Francis M.. Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865. Mumma, David, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 22, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865. Nelson, Eldridge C, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; transferred to Invalid Corps, Aug. 10, 18(54. Smith, John T., Colchester, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865. Smith, John, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; Deserted Jan. 29, 1863. Spieer, Benjamin F., Tenne.s.see, enlisted Aug. 14. 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865, as corporal. Terrill, John, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862: mustered out Aug. 15, 1865; corporal. York, John, Colchester, enlisted AUg. 8, 1862; deserted Jan. 29, 18(;3. Young, George M., Colchester, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 23-") Burford, William J., Tennessee, enlisted Dec. Ifi, 186:^; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantrv mns- ♦ tered out Nov. 2i, ISii'i. Delay, William 11., Tennessee, enlisted Dee. 16, 18ii3: transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry mustered out Not'. 24, 186.'). Delay, Jacob, Tennessee, enlisted Dec. IG, 1863; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantrv; mustered out Nov. 24, 1S(1.'>. Holton, .lolin W., Bethel, enlisted Dec. 16, 1863; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mustered out Nov. J4, 1X6.'). Hutcninson, Albert H., Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 4. 1864; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry mus- tered out Nov. 24, 1865. Huti; Francis M., Macomb, enlisted Fel). 25, 1864: transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry mustered out Nov. 24, 1865. Jarvis, Henry .M., Tennessee, enlisted Dec. 10, 1803; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantrv; mustered out Nov. 24, 1865. Jenkins, David, Macomb, enlisted Feb. 24, 1864; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mustered out Aug. 29, 1805, as corporal. Lowell, John H., Tennessee, enlisted Dec. 16, 1863; died at home, May 26 1865. Mitchell, Robert, Bushuell, enlisted Mar. 28, 1864; transferred to 3;M Illinois Infantry mustered out Nov. 24, 1865. Moore, John. Macomb, enlisted (Jet. 4. 1864; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mustered out < >Ct. 4, 1865. Mammon, Henry J., Macomb, enlisted Jan. 10, 1865; transfei red to :i3d Illinois Infantry; mus- tered out Nov. 24, 1865. Pyle, William A., Bushnell, enlisted Mar. 28, 1864; transferred to 22d Illinois Infantry; mustered out Nov. 24, 1805. Richards, Jeseph H.. Macomb; enlisted Feb. 29, 1864; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry mus- tered out Nov. 24, 1865. Richards, John T., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 29. 1864; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantrv; mustered out Nov. 2-1, 1865. Shannon, Walter, Bushnell; discharged Mav31, 1865, disability. Sulhvan Michael O.. Bushnell, enlisted Mar. 19, 1864; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mus- tered out Nov. 21, 1805. Shannon, Edward, Bushnell, enlisted Mar. 28, 1864; transferred to 3:M Illinois Infantry; mus- tered out Nov. 24, 1865. Sheets, Ueorge R., Bushnell. enlisted Mar. 28, 1864; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mustered out Nov. 24, 1805. Swigert Zaehariah, Bushnell, enlisted Mar. 29, 1864; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantrv; mus- tered out Nov. 24, 1805. Tvvitchel, Almond D., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 26, 1864; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mus- t ;red out Nov. 24, 1865. Wear. James M., Lamoinc, enlisted Dec. 16. 1863; transferred to 33d Ihinois Infantrv; mustered out Nov. 24, 1865. COMPANY I. Captain Thomas K. Roach, Colchester, commissioned Sept. 10, 1862; resigned July 11, 1803. Captani Benjamin A. Griffith, Emmet, commissioned Julv 11, 1863; mustered out Aug. 15 1865 hirst Lieutenant Elijah Barton, Emmet, commissioned July ], IfeOS; resigned June 25 1864 Second Lieutenant James M. Griffith, Emiuet, commissioned March 3, J805; mustered out Aug lo, 1805. ° Sergeant James S. Shryack, Emmet, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; discharged Feb. 10, 1863; disabilitv. Corporal I homas O. Bugg, Emmet, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps Oct. 28, 1863; sergeant. Corporal Milo Hobart, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 12, 1863; mustered out June 9, 1865; sergeant Corporal David T. Guy, Emmet, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865; sergeant Corporal \\ illiam B. Greenup, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; mustered out May 20, 1865 Musician Milton J. Stokes, Emmet, enlLsted Aug. 22, 1862; discharged Dec. 10, 1803; disabilitv Bowers, Thomas .1., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 28, 1S62; deserted in 1862 Browning, John W., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 28, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865. Bugg, Benjamin, Emmet, enlLsted Aug. 12, 1802; died at Memphis, Feb. 17, 1863. Bugg, S. A. Emmet, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862: mustered out Aug. 15, 1865; wounds. Campbell \ViliiamM., Emmet, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1805; corporal. Duncan, William H., Colchester, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865. toley, Ihomas, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; mustered out Aug 1.5. 1862 •orrest Henry T.. Colchester, enlisted Aug. 12, 1802: killed at Champion Hills, Mav 16, 186:5. I-oster, \\ illiam, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862: mustered out Aug. 15, 1865 *-;".yv , *""*"'^"^ ^'•' '■-"imet, enlisted Aug. 12, 1802; died at Vicksburg, Julv 8, 1863. Griffith, Gary F. Emmet, enlisted Aug. 12, 1861; mustered out Aug. 15, 1805, as corporal. Hainline, Joseph H., Emmet, enlisted Aug. 12, 1802; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps •March l.y, lSb.i. '^ Harrison, Joseph D., Colchester, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps .>larch 1.-), 1864. Hawkins, William B.. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862: musttred out June6, 1865, as corporal. Kennett, Jasper, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 13, 1801; died at Memphis, Feb. 11. 1863 McCanley \\ni., Macomb, enlistca Aug. 12, 1802; mustered out Aug. 16. 1805, McDonald, Daniel, Co.chcstcr, enlisted Aug. 12, 1802; deserted Oct. 3, 1862. Murhn, William. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out August 15, 1865. Murphy, George C, Macomb, enlisted August 22, 1802; mustered out August 15, 1805; iii Ander- Morris, Wm. C, Emmet, enlisted September 12, 1862 ; died at Oxford, Mis.s., Dec, 16, 1862. Overton, Joseph B., Emmet, enlisted Aug. 28. 1802 : mnsiercd out Aug 15, 1^65. FhilUps John C.. Emmet, enlisted Aug. 14, m\2: absent sick atinnsterout of regiment. Sypherd HavuisJ., Emmet, enlisted Aug. 12, 1.S62; died at home Dec. 27,1864. btokes Wesley S., EiMmet, enlisted Aug. 12, 1S02 ; mustered ovt August 15, 1865. as Sergeant. StodgiU, Isaac N., Emmet, enlisted Aug, 28, 1862; discharged Aug. 9, 1803: disabilitv ; died. 236 HISTOKY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. Teas, Joseph C, Emmet, enlisted Aug. 14, ISfVl ; mustered out Aug. 15, ISO'i, as Corporal. Wooley, Moses F., Colchester, enlisted August 14, 18()2 ; mustered out August 15, 18G5. Yard, Job., Kmmet, enlisted AuLjust JJ, 1S6J : mustered out August la, 18i)5. Creasey, Jolm, Hire, ni\isteR'il out August 15, 1HG5. Fullerton, Hiram, Sciota, enlisted March 29, 1864 ; transferred to 33d 111, Infantry ; mustered out November LM, 1S(;5. Foley, Jiinies M., Hire, enlisted February 26, 1864 ; transferred to 33d 111. Infantry ; mustered out Noveniber 24, 1x65. Gilbert, Hiunhard, Macomb, enlisted January 4, 18G4; transferred to 33d 111. Infantry ; mustered out August 2'.l, 1.S65. Gilbert, (ieorge (J., Macomb, enlisted January 4, 1864; transferred to 33d 111. Infantry; mustered out November 24, 1865. Gilbert, James R., Hire, enlisted February 15, 1865 ; transferred to 33d 111. Infantry; mustered out November 24, 1865. Gooding, Lyman, Macomb, enlisted February 4, 1864; transferred to 33d 111. Infantry!; mustered out November 24, 1865. Gritfin, Joseph F., Macomb, enlisted January 4, 1864; transferred to 33d 111. Infantry; absent without leave. Hainline, David L., Sciota, discharged Feb., 1863; disability. HawKins, Robert B., Macomb, enlisted Jan. 4, 1864; transferred to 33d 111. Infantry ; mustered out November 24, 1865. Ijovell, John N., Macomb, enlisted January 4, 1864 ; transferred to 33d 111. Infantry; mustered out November 4, 1865. Lovell, Charles W., Macomb, transferred to 33d 111. Infantry ; mustered out Nov. 24, 1865. McGraw, Calvin, Macomb, enlisted November 5,1863 ; transferred to 33d 111, Infantry : mustered Morton, George, Macomb, enlisteavis, Albert W., Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1804; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. ]»rake, William P., Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. EunK. Joseph H.. Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1804; mastered out Sept, 24, 1804. Hull, Henry, Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1804; mustered out Sept. 24, 1804. Kreider, Jacob, Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1804; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. McI>onald, Isaac J., Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1864; mustered out Sept 24, 1864, Murray, Arthur, Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1804; mustered out Sept. 24, 1804. I Hvens. Alexander. Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. Painter, John W., Walnut Grove, enlisted May 4, 1804; mustered out Sept. 24, I.SOJ. Plotts, William L., Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1801: mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. l;jiyi;i(incl. Simon, Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1804; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. Icoliinson, Hamilton, Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1804; mustered out Sept. 24,1864. .Sackett, Solomon, Prairie City, enlisted May 4, l.'S04: mustered out Sei)t. 24, 1804. Sheley, Samuel, Prairie City, "enlisted Miiy I, 1804; died at Memphis, Sept. 1, 1804. Stantial, Christopher P., enlisted May 4, 1804; killed at Memphis, Ang. 21, 1804. COMPANY <;. First Li'^utJnant John M. Johnson, Tennessee, commissioned June 5, 1804; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. Adcock, George P., Bushnell, enlisted May 15, 1864; transferred to company I; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. AckersoD, Joseph, Bushnell, enlisted May 20, 1864; transferred to company I; mustered out Sept. 24, 1804. Buck, George \V., Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1864; transferred to companv D;;mustered out Sept. 24, 18»)4. Carrier, Alonza E., Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1864:. transferred to company D; mustered out Sept. 24. 1864. Crabtrce. Benjamin F., Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864: deserted May ;!0. 1864. Henrv, William J., Bushnell, enlisted May 2, 1864; transferred to company I; mustered out Sept. 24. 1864! Jelison, Zimri, Macomb, enlisted May 17, 1864; transferred to company C; mustered out Sept. 24. 1864. Jelison, John, >[acomb, enlisted May 2, 1864: transferred to company C; mustered out Sept. 24, 18(V1. Johnson, Edward R., Tennessee, enlisted May 4, 1864; transferred to company C; mustered out Sept. 24, 1804. Mallam, Robert, Bushnell, eulisted May 10, 1864; transferred to company I; mu.stercd out Sept. 24, 1864. Orr, John, Prairie Citv, enlisted May 4, 1864; transferred to company I); mustered out Sept. 24. 18(34. Patrick, f'liarles, Colchester, enlisted May 2, 1864; transferred to company C; mustered out Oct. 29. isoi: iirisoner of war. Scalf. William. Tennessee, enlisted May 2:?. 18(>4: mustered out Sept. 24.186$. Wolf, Jacob, Macomb, enlisted Mav vi, l.sOl; transferred to companv C; mustered out Sept. 24. 1864. 238 HISTORY OF M'dONOUGH COUNTY. Wilstead, Thomas (J., Tennessee, enlisted Mav 2, ISIVI, transferred to company C; ranstercd ont Sept. 2\, l.S(;i. Wliittier, Luforest, Hushnell, enlisted May 20, 1864; deserted June 7, 18G4. COMPANY I. Captain NVilliam II. Oglesby, Bushuell, commissioned June ■'i, IStiJ: mustered out Sept 24, 1S64. first Lieutenant Andrew K. VN ilson, Bushnell, commissioned June 5,1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. Second Lieutenant James X. Porter, Bushnell, commissioned June a, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. First Sergeant Charles D. Hendrickson, Bushnell, enlisted June 5,1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. Sergeant James .\. Kyle, Bushnell, enlisted May 11, 1864; mustered out September 24, 1864. Sergeant James T. McDonald, Bushnell, enlisteii May 11, 1864 ; mustered out September 24, 1864. Corporal Edwin K. Dudley, Bushnell, enlisted May ll", 1864 ; mustered out Seplemljcr 24, 1864. Corporal Myron M. Myrick, Macomb, enlisted May 30, 1864 ; mustered out September 24, 1864. Corporal Jacob R. Dawson, Bushnell, enlisted May 11, 1864 ; mustered out May 23, 1865, prisoner of war. Corporal Silas W. Adcock, Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864 ; mustered out September 24, 1864. Corporal Samuel F. Sanders, Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864 ; mustered out May 11, 1865, priso- ner of war. Corporal Melton B. Chai)man. Bushnell, enlisted May 11, 1864 ; mustered out September 24, 1864. Austin, George W., Buslinell, enlisted ilay 11, 1864; raustered out Septemlier 24, 18M. Arnold, LewisC, Bushnell. enlisted May 13, 18'54 ; prisoner of war at mustering out of regiment. Ander.son, William H., Buslinell, enlisted May 11, 1864 ; mustered out September 24, 1864. AdaiBS, Charles K., Bushnell, enlisted May 13, 1864 ; mustered out September 24. 1864. Barnes, Asa L.. Bushnell, enli.sted May 12, 1864; mustered out April 19, 1864, prisoner of war. Barclay, James, Bardolph, cnlistefl May 20, 1864 ; mustered out September 24, 1864. Bennie, James, Macomb, enlisted May 20, 1864 ; mustered out September 24, 1864. Couch, William IL, Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864 ; mustered out September 24, 1864. Carroll, James S., Bushnell, enlisted May 14, 1864; promoted t>rincipal musician. Chambers, David, Bushnell, enlisted May 11, 1864 ; mustered ciut May 2.;, 1865, prisoner of war. Couch, James \V., Bushnell, enlisted May 11. 1864 ; mustered out September 24, 1864. Chaddock, James, Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864 : mustered out Septemljer24, 1864. Condon, Andrew L. , Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864 ; mustered out September 24, 1864, corporal . Clark, Wilbur C, Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864; rejected for disability. Davis, David A., Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864; mustered out May 23,1865, prisoner of war. Davidson, Samuel I., Bushnell, enlisted May 20, 1864; mustered oui'Sept. 21, 1864. Dancan, Isaac, Bushnell, enlisted Mav 12, 18M; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. Folsom, Edgar .V,, Bushnell, enlisted May 13, 1864, deserted May ;W, 1864. Dinington, James R., Bushnell, enlisted .May 11, Istil; mustered out May 23, 1865; prisoner of war. Hogue, George P., Macomb, enlisted Mhv 13,' 1861; mustered out Sept, 24, 1864. Hensley, William J., Bushnell, enlisted May 12; mustered out ,^ept. 24, 1864. Harris, Henry IL, liushnell, enlisted May 11, 1864; died at Memphis, Sept. 1, 1864. Hageman, Charles W., Bu.shnell, enlisted Mav 20, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. Jones, George T., Bushnell, eiihstyd May 12, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. Keirns, William, Bushnell, enlisted May 13, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. Little, John P,, Bushnell, enlisted May 14, 1864; mustered out May 26, 1865; prisoner of war. Lownes, Charles K,, Bushnell, enlisted Mav 11, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. Lemaster, James L., Bushnell, enlisted Mav 11, 1864, mustered out Mav 8, 1865, prisoner of war. Laughlin, Edwin T., Macomb, enlisted Mav 20, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. Martin, Jacob E., Bu.shnell, enlisted Mav 12, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. Miller, Robert H., Bushnell, enlisted May 20; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. Montague, Benjamin, Bushnell, Mav i:i, is(il; mustered out Mav 23, 1865, prisoner of war. Mills, William D., Bu.shnell,, enlisted Mav 12, 1864: mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. McGinnis, lohn F., Bardolph, enlisted M'av 20, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. Overman, John W., Bushnell, enlisted, Mav 20, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24. 1864. Pottenger, James H., Bushnell, enlisted Mav 12, 1864; mustered out Sept, 24, 1864. Porter, Lester W., Bushnell, enlisted Mav 11; Lieutenant: killed at -Memiiliis, Aug. 21, 1864. Pennell, William J., Bushnell, enlisted M"av 20, 1864: mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. Pearson, Joseph A., Bushnell, enlisted Mav 14, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. Prindle, Chauncey R., Bushnell, enlisted Mav 20, 1864: uiustered out Sept. 4, 1864. Purkey, William, Macomb, enlisted Mav 20, 1864; musteied out Sept 24, 1864. Pugh, John W , Bushnell, enlisted May20, 1864: rejected lor disability. Ratekin, IWilliiim IL, Buslinell, enlisted Mav 12, 1864. mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. Rodecker, William, II. , Bushnell, enlisted May 12; 1864; mustered out June 6, 1865', prisoner of war. Shreves, Milton, Bu.shnell, enlisted Mav 20, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. Scrutchlicld, James A,, Bushnell, enlisted May 20, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. Sherman, Abraham, Bushnell, enlisted Mav 12, 1864; mustered out Mav 23, 1865; pri.sonerof war. Sinick, William A,, Bushnell, enlisted Mav 13, 1861; mustered out Sept.' 24, 1864. Spencer. William A,, Bushnell, enlisted Jlav 12, 1864: mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. Steel, James. Bushnell, enlisted Mav 12, lsti4: mustered out Seiit. 24, 1864. Toland, Stephen, Bushnell, enlisted Mav 12, 1861: mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. ■Walker, James II. , Bushnell, enlisted Mav 12, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. AVest, Martin, Bushnell, enlisted Mav2(», "l864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. Woolley, Lewis B., Bushnell, enlisted .Mav 11. 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. WheHer, Isaac D,, Bushnell, enliste:i; rfsifiiied .Iiiiic 23, I8C5. Captain James L. Cocliran, Macomb, commissidned July l.s, lS-cliargcd June 20, 186'). (iuartermiister Ser^'eant Isaiali L.Bailey, Tenne.ssee; mustered out Jan. 2-1, 1860. Commissary Sergeant Zimri M. I'arvin, Scotland ; mustered out Jan. 2-4, 18C6. Hospital Steward Wiley C. Langford, Mound: mustered out Jan. 24, 1866. Sergeant William H. Parrish, Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866. as .ser- geant. Sergeant Hcnrv Arbogast, Bushnell, cnli.stcd Feb. 19, 18(;5; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866. Corporal John'll. Dixon, Industry, eidisted Feb. 15. 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866, as sergeant. Corporal Thomas K, Ritenour, Macomb, enlisted Feb. 14. 1865; died at Columbus, Ga, Sept. 16. 1865. Corporal .lohn \V. Painter, Macomb, (Milisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866. Corporal Ahruham Artliurs, I'rairie City, ciilisteii Feb. '.», 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866. Corporal KoUins Wliittlesy, Bushnell, enlisted Feb, 9, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866. Corporal John II, Snook, Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 9, l; mustered out January 24, 1866. Strueker, Joseph. New Salem, eidisted February ](i[ ISiifi ; mustered out Jauuary 24, 18(56. Whitston. Abijah, New Salem, enlisted February 16, liSG5 ; mustered out January 24, 1866. COMPANY K. Allen, John, Enamet, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; deserted Feb. 24,1865. Burrows, Joseph, Walnut Grove, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865; deserted Feb. 24, 1865. Caldwell, John, Emmet, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; deserted Feb, 24, 18(55. Cooper, Robert. Indtistry, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866. Evans, Job J., Mound, eiilisteil Fel>. 15, 18(55; mustered out Oct. 19, 1865. F'arrell, Michael, Emmet, enlisted Fel). 15, 1865; deserted Feb. 24, 1865. Farrier, James, Emmet, enlisted Feb. 18, 1865; mustered out January 24. 1866. Hunsaker. James, Mo\ind, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866. Hall. George A., Fmmct, enliste, Jacob Siiuiingle, Benjamin K. Hoover. Wm. G. Fatten (formerly First Lieutenant and promoted to Captain after the resignation of DeWitt C. Folsom), Peter Moore, Oliver Moore, Frank Lamb, Kichard A. Mnlony. H. H. Stevens, mustered into the 5th California Infantry at Sacramento, Cal., Oct. 21, 1801, as private; promoted to 1st Sergeant: then to 2nd Lieutenant, and then to 1st Lieutenant; and for "distinguished gallantry " in battle with the Apache Indians, was commissioned Brevet Captain; was transferred to First California Veteran Infantry, and mustered out at Sunte Fe, New Mexico, in November, It^Oii. UNITED STATES VETERAX V0LU:N'TEERS. COMPANY A. McConncU, William J., Prairie City, enlisted Feb. 15, 1805; mustered out Feb. 14, 1S66, COMPANY K. Vanderraint, Daniel, New Salem, enlisted April 12, 1S65. Begg, Matthew. Macomb, 5Sth Infantry, enlisted Oct. 19, 1861; ded at Cairo, Oct. 13, 18C3. Smith, Joliu O., Bushnell, 102d Infantry; mustered out June C, 1805. 242 HrsTORY OF m'doxough county CHAPTER XIX. FIRST IMPRESSIONS. — MARKIX(i STOCK. In order to show the conilicting opinions of the early settlers of this county we subjoin the following first impressions formed of the country as they have narrated them to us, and in their own words : Certainly as fine a country as ever was seen. But not timber enough, even to fence it. Salem Woods. A perfect paradise to look at but not favorable to malvc a liv- ing. Richard Pennington. I thought it splendid. Thought it the richest land I ever saw. Geo. G. Guy. Thought it a mighty poor place to stop at. Thought it never would be settled up in the workl. Wm. J. Jackson, Thought it never would be settled up only around the timber. Ciias. W. Greenup. Thought I had settled on the frontier, and would always have an outlet. Charles Creel. Thought it a grand country. Samuel McCray. Thought if I lived a year I would go back to Indiana, sure. John Ledgerwood. I always admired it; thought it a healthy climate. Nelson Campbell. Did not fancy the location. Andrew Allison. Have a good opinion of it ; fine county; land rich, would all be settled. Wm. Moore. Got tired of the county in one year. I went to Iowa, but was awful glad to get back. Joshua Simmons. Corn-stalks looked small. Discouraging. S. C. Simpson. HISTORY OP^ m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 243 Xo question about the richness of the soil. AViLLiAM McKamy. I ^VilS wonderful lioniesick. Thought it a dreary place until next summer, when everything was pleasant. M. C. Foster. Didn't like it very well. J. AV. Fugate. Thought I would never live to see it settled up, for it wouldn't be for a hundred years. Abraham Powers. T thougbt the country very good and liked it well, but it was rather cold. Miss Mary Yocum. Thought it was a bully country. J. E. I). Hammer. Thought it was a good farming country, but not enough timber to fence it. Silas Creel. I thought it very pretty to look at, but no timber., The prairies were beautiful, all covered with flowers. Benjamin F. Xaylor. Thought the land would never be taken up. W. F. Wayland. We suppose we could not live two miles from timber, for it would be too cold. John N. Dunsworth. Thought it a terrible wild country. Josiah S. Hamilton. Fretty cold. Didn't like it at first. Moses Foster. Didn't think much of the country; thought everything burned off of the prairie. Mrs. Catherine Fainter. Thought it a pretty wild affair. G, W. Thompson. Xot very favorably impressed; hard times; big snow fell on the fourth of October, 1881. J. S. Campbell. I liked it first rate. Samuel Morrow. Having traveled a good deal, the impression was good ; much better tban Morgan or Sangamon counties. Samuel K. McClure. Good. Admired the appearance of the country. Did not like the sudden changes of the weather. Gideon Waters, Awful sick of it. Used to pray to be back in old Pennsyl- vania. Ellis Crane. Thought it as good as could be. James N. Jackson. Thought pretty well of it. Pretty wild tbough. James Filton. 244 HISTORY OF m'donouc;h county. Didn't think the Hat prairies would ever be settled. AViLLiAM L. Wilson. Thought it a wild world of Indians and wolves. Mrs. Lokixa Banks. The country looked mighty wild and desolate. Thomas F. Wilson. Darndest, meanest country I ever heard of. J. H. Head. The country looked terrible gloomy. Nathaniel Mustain. Thought it the prettiest country in the world. But never ex- pected the prairies would be settled. ISTathaniel Grigsby. Thought it a very good country. Wiilliam D. Mustain. It looked mighty gloomy, William Hardesty. Didn't like cold^weather. Pretty dismal looking country. Hugh Conners, I thought it the garden spot of the world. David Seybold. Thought it devilish cold, but a good country. John O. C. Wilson. In the earlier days all stock was permitted to run at large, and in order that one might distinguish his or her property, a mark was placed upon the animal, and a record of the same made in the County Clerk's office at Macomb. The following are specimens of the same taken from the old records : William Job records his mark as follows, to-wit: A crop ofl of the left ear and a swallow fork in the right ear. This second day of September, 1830. John Ilardesty records his mark as follows : A small crop off of the left ear. Oct. 6, 1830. James Clark records his mark as follows : A crop off of and an under bit in right ear, and a split in the left ear. Dec. 8, 1830. Daniel Campbell records his mark as follows : A small crop and an under bit out of the right ear, and an open bit in the left ear. May 16, 1831. William Osborn records his mark as follows: An under half crop in each ear. June 10, 1831. AVilliam Pennington records his mark as follows : A crop and an under bit in the right, and a crop and slit in the left ear. July 16, 1831. HISTORY OF M'l)ONOU(iH COUKTY 245 Elias McFadden records his mark, to-wit : A crop oft" of the right and an under bit in the left ear, and his brand, M. C. and Hour dealers. Aug. 2, 1831. Robert Grant records his mark, to-wit : A crop, a slit, and an under bit in the left ear. Feb. 4, 1832. .James Head records his mark and brand, viz: A smooth crop otfof the right and an under bit in the left ear, and his brand, J. If. May 12, 1832. Peter S. Wood records his mark, viz : A square crop off of the left and a hole in the same ear, and a square crop off of the right ear. Oct. 6, 1832. Salem AVoods records his mark, viz : A crop and hlit in each ear. Jan. 28, 1883. John Cannon records his mark, viz: A smooth crop oft of the left ear and an over bit in the same, and an over bit in the right ear. Dec. 18, 1834. Daniel Seybold records his mark, viz : A crop off of both ears and an under bit in the left, and a slit in the right ear. May 30, 1835. Levi Hamilton records his mark as follows, viz : A crop off of each ear, and a slit on each ear and an under slit in the left ear, September 5, 1835. Willis A^"ayland record his mark viz : A crop and two slits in the left and an under bit in the right ear. December 31, 1836. James Vest, records his mark as follows : A crop off of each oar and a slit in the right. November 23, 1838. John W. McCord records his mark as follows : A crop and an under bit and a split in the left ear and an under bit and a split in the right ear. June 7, 1838. Samuel llumberd records his mark, viz : A slope to a point in each ear. January 29, 1839. Samuel C. Dew^ey records his mark, viz : The left ear cut en- tirely off from his jaw and a long slit in the right hind leg, also, a brand next side to the fence. March 9, 1839. Lewis Mason his mark, viz : A hole and a slit. January 12, 1839. Timothy Kobinson records his mark, viz : Two slits in the left ear and a half penny in the underside of the ri2:ht ear, June 2, 1845. i(— IG 246 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. James Greenvvill records bis mark as follows, viz : An under slope on under side of each ear, both ears foxed to a sharp point on the under side of the ears. August 13, 1873. Jeremiah Sullivan records bis mark as follows, to-wit : J^etter S on the left side of the rump, ear mark ; a crop off the right ear and a split in the left ear. 1854. Nancy llyan records her mark as follows : Cattle branded on both horns with the letters IST. R., and a split on the side of the right ear, the wrong side of the K turned down, and the N at the top of the horn. Hay mark: A split on the top of the right ear and a crop off the top of the ear with a notch on the side of the left ear and the tail cut short, lives in Colchester. March 3, 1858. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 247 CHAPTER XX. NEW COURT HOUSE AND JAIL. At the September term, 1868, of the Board of Supervisors a resolution was adopted setting forth that it was the sense of the Board that steps should at once be taken for the erection ot a nev*^ court house. For some twelve or fourteen years the question of a building better suited to the wants of the county had been agi- tated, but no definite action taken. Almost every grand jury during that time condemned the old building as being insecure and a disgrace to the county, but the Board of Supervisors had not the nerve to say, we will build. In May, 1863, James M. Campbell, Esq., was appointed by the Board to confer with the Council of the city of Macomb in refer- ence to the subject of a new building, the Board being of the opinion that '"the city ought to contribute liberally in the con- struction of a new court house." At the September meeting of the Board Mr. Campbell reported, and a communication was also received from a special committee appointed by the council de- clining to take action in the matter at that time for certain reasons therein set forth. The communication from the City Council was answered, setting forth the necessity for a new court house and stating that nothing would be done unless the city should do its part. A small sum of money was offered at this session of the Board for the best plan of a new court house, and at its next ses- sion in December, 1863, W. C. McLeod, being the only person re- sponding, was allowed the amount. At the September term, 1864, a resolution was passed request- ing our member of the Legislature to have an act passed author- izing the county to issue bonds to the amount of fifty thousand dollars for the purpose of applying the same toward the said building. 248 HISTORY OF M"DONOU(iH COrNTV. At the March term, 18G5, the P)oar(l appointed a committee of three to confer witli a like committee appointed by the Council of the city of Macomb in reference to the location of the proposed building. JSTo further action was taken in the matter until the September meeting of tlie Board in the year 1868, when Super- visor Taylor, of Industry, offered the following resolution : Whekeas. It is apparent to all candid-minded men that the safety of our land records, npon which the title to the land of all our citizens rests, and of the records of both our Circuit and County Courts, as well as the Board of Supervisors, upon the preservation of which depends vast public and private rights of the whole body of the people of the county, now rendered the more striking from their narrow escape from destruction by the elements, and the dilapidated and crumbling condition of our present court house ; by many deemed not only unsafe for the people to meet in while the courts are being held, but, as all know, wholly inadequate to accommodate the jui'ors and others connected with the administration of justice, absolutely demands the laying aside all local feeling and prejudice, but acting solely upon a high sense of duty to the people of the whole county that we should at once proceed to take the necessary steps to build a court house adequate for the wants of the large and daily increasing population of our county, and a safe depository of its public records and archives ; therefore, Jiesolred. That it is the sense of this Board that measures be taken at its present meeting to secure, with as little delay as possible, the building of a suitable court house in this county. Supervisor AN'^hite submitted the following resolution, which was likewise adopted : ItcHolved. That this Board appoint L. G. Keid a committee to procure plans and speci- fications for the erection of a new court house in McDonough county, and the probable cost of the same : and to confer with the City Council of Macomb, or others, for the purpose of knowing the amount said city or others will appropriate to build said house ; and to report to this Board, at an adjourned meeting of said Board, to he held on the first Monday in October next, at one o'clock P. M. A feeling existed among the members of the Board that the city of Macomb should contribute largely toward the erection ot the proposed building. At this adjourned meeting, held in Oc- tober, Supervisor Mustain submitted the following resolution, which was passed by the ]^)0ard : liesolned, That this Board refuse to erect a Court House in the city of Macomb until .said city become legally obligated to donate in aid of the const ruction of the same twenty thousand dollars. The committee appointed by the Jknird to confer with the City Council of the city of Macomb, met with that body and presented their report. The Couticil voted to donate the sum of fifteen thousand dollars, and refused to advance above that a single dol- hir. The ]>oard of Supervisors still maintained they would do nothing in relation to the building until the city complied with its demands. The city of Bushnell Avas endeavoring to effect the removal of the county seat to that point, and many of the citizens IILSTORY OK m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 249 ot Macomb became fearful thej would succeed. At tbis juncture, 2^. r. Tiusley, Esq., went before tbe City Council of Macomb and offered to assume the payment of tbe extra live thousand dollars demanded by the County Board, giving his obligation to the city for that amount, provided the city would accede to the demands of the Board to donate the amount of twenty thousand dollars. I'^pon the eighth day of October, 18(58, the following agreement was made and signed by the respective parties : This agreement made this eighth day of October, 1868, between the city of Macomb, McDonough county, Illinois, by Joseph P. Updegraff. Mayor, and William E. Withrow, Clei-k t)f said city, agents of said city, duly appointed by the city council of said city for this purpose, and the county of McDonough aforesaid, by J. B. Kyle, Chairman, ap- pointed the agent of the Board of Sui)ervisors of said county for the said purjiose of the second part, witnesseth, that, whereas, the Board of Supervisors of said county have in contemplation the erection of a court house and jail for said county, and the parties herein having had mutual propositions involving the location of said house on certain conditions in the city of Macomb aforesaid which have been accepted by the parties, it is hereupon agreed as follows, to-wit : That the Board of Supervisors will erect a court house in the city of Macomb at such point as the said Board may determine, with which the said Board may, if they see fit, combine a jail for said county, the said court house with or without said jail to cost not less than seventy-five thousand dollars, and to be un- dertaken and completed in a reasonable time. It is moreover agreed that the said Board shall at this present session levy, and when the ordinary taxes for said county are col- lect^ed for the current year, they shall cause to be collected towards the erection of said V)uilding the sum of one per cent, on the assessed property of said county. Also it is agreed that they shall take steps to carry forward the said building as fast as the late- ne.ss of the season, and the extent of the enterprise will reasonably allow. In consideration of said agreement it is also hereby agreed on the part of said city that there shall be paid by the said city to the said county for said purpose, in addition to the share of taxe,s laid by the said Board on the property in the said city, the sum of twenty thousand dollars, in three equal payments : the first, on the first day of May, 18t)9 ; the second, on the first day of May, 1870 ; and the third, on the first day of May, 1871. It is also agreed that should the said city pay the whole or any part of said moneys in manner as agreed, and the said Board for any cause should fail to complete the said house in a reasonable time, or should abandon the enterprise, that whatever the said city may have advanced in the enterprise shall be refunded to the city : provided, howevfi; this "reasonable time" is not to be construed so as to hurry the said Board faster than a due regard to the quality of the building, the extent of the building, and the ordinary mode of erecting similar buildings of good grade in other counties of the State, will allow. In witness whereof we have hereunto set our. hands and seal, the day and year just above written. J. P. UPDEGRAFF, Mayor of the city of Macomb. W. E. WITHKOW, Clerk of the city of Macomb. J. B. KYLE, Chairman of the Board of Supervisors of McDonough county. Illinois. 250 HISTORY OF m'donough county. Tliis settled the question of the erection of a new Court House. L. G. Reid, in behalt'of the county, advertised for pLans and spcci- lications, and in due time one submitted by E. E. Myers, of Springfield, Illinois, was adopted. Rooms were rentedin Bailey's new block, on the northeast corner of the square, for county offi- ces, and the offices were at once removed thereto. The work of demolishing the old building began, and the lot cleared for the erection of a building that would l)e an honor to the progressive county of McDonough. On the twenty-ninth of December following, at an adjourned meeting of the Board, bids were opened for building the Court House, according to the plans and specifications agreed upon. The following comprised the number and the amounts bid : B. F. Biishiiell & Co $160,000 Deakman & Messenger 165,768 D. J. Silver 147,500 Same (modified) 133,650 A. Walbaum & Co 156,000 Mahannah & Dey 125,000 W. A. Williamson 146,300 C. R. Underwood & Bro 15'.>,250 Same (modified) 141,000 Martin & Thomas 145,000 W. D. Richardson 140,000 Same (modified) 142.600 The bids of all were rejected, and an effort made to have the house built according to the plans furnished by Mr. Myers, the county becoming its own contractor. A resolution to this effect was offered by Mr. Eeid, but voted down. Advertisements were again inserted for proposals, and the time set for the disposal of the same on the second day of February, 1869. Accordingly, on the said day, the Board met, when the following proposals were opened : D. J. Silver f 129,900 William Young 110,000 Walbaum & Co 129,000 Deakman & Messenger 143,620 Johnson & Askew 137,000 Richardson 138,750 Mahannah & Dey 136,000 Peter Burns 137.(M)() Martin & Thomas 139,750 Underwood & Co 143,800 A petition was presented at this meeting, signed by sundry cit- izens of the county, praying the board not to expend more than HISTORY OF m'dOxNOUGH COUNTY. 251 seventy-five thousand dollars in the erection of the court house. A committee was appointed to act upon the same, who reported to the board that, recognizing the right of citizens to be heard, they would report it "inexpedient to go back on our work and open the door for new litigation," and that they were satistied that a good tire-proof building, suitable for the purposes of the county, could not be built for that amount. The bids being duly examined by the board, that of Walbaum & Co., of Chicago, was adopted as being the lowest and best. Messrs. "Walbaum & Co. immediately entered into contract with the county for the erection of the building, and proceeded with the work. L. G. Reid, Esq., of Lamoine, was selected by the Board, at a salary of $1,200 per year, to superintend its construc- tion and entered zealously upon the discharge of his duties. Although the contract called for the completion of the building by :he first of IS'ovember, 1870, it was not until the summer of 1872 it was finished. We now have a building in which every citizen of the county feels a just pride, and erected in a good sub- stantial manner, fireproof throughout. The following is the total cost of the building and the entire furniture and surroundings: Contractors price f 129,000 Heating apparatus ■'5,650 Furniture 5,777 Fence G,289 Drainage 2,608 Architect 1,800 Superintendent 3,427 Bell 651 Lightning rods 168 Total $155,370 DESCRIPTIOX OF THE COURT HOUSE. The exterior of the building presents an imposing appearance and harmonious picture from whatever point of view it is approached. It is situated in the center of the square, in the city of Macomb, in the midst of a beautifully decorated yard, enclosed by a neat and substantial iron fence. This square is in the center of the city and within a few hundred yards of the exact center of the county. The building is one of the neatest and best in the State used for a like purpose, and one to which every resident of the county points with pride. The many valuable public records of the county are considered safe Avithin it walls. 2o2 HISTORY OK M'j)O.N"OL'(ilI COUNTY. The building is of modern style of architecture, and is three stories in height above the basement. The basement story is built of Sagetowri limestone, which gives the etructure the appearance of solidity, and is in beautiful contrast with the red brick with which are built the exterior walls of the main and second stories. The openings and corners of the building are also trimmed with the same kind of stone. The outside walls of the fourth, or en- tresol, story are covered with slate and the roof with tin. The roof, which is Mansard, presents a neat appearance, and is ele- gantly trimmed with cast-iron trimmings. There are four entrances leading into the corridors of the main story, one in the center of either side, and one in each end. Each of these open from a portico constructed of iron and stone, and reached by fine, wide stone steps. Under each portico, except the one on the north, and directly below the main entrances, are openings leading into the halls of the basement. The building is surmounted by a fine belfry, which rises from the west end. It contains a large town clock, the bell of which, w^eighing fifteen hundred pounds, peels forth the hours as they pass. On four sides, and in plain view from all points, are large dials, with huge hands pointing to the hour and minute. The entire frame-work of the belfry is constructed of wrought iron. From this belfry a fine view is obtained of the surrounding country for many miles, it being the highest available point in the county. The ground plan of the building is 114 feet long, by 72 wide. The front walls are broken by projections forming an irregular outline. Large halls pass through the basement and main stories. The floors of the walls in the basement are made of stone, while those in the first and second stories are marble tiling, twelve inch- es square. The partition walls, with few exceptions, are made of brick, upon Avhich rests heavy wrought iron beams and joints for the support of the floors. The ceilings are of corrugated iron, painted white. The halls are wainscotted throughout with black walnut and ash. The doors arc large and heavy and made of ash, with black walnut trimmings, while the inside window shut- ters and casings are of the same materials. In the center of the south side, leading from the basement to the fourth floor is a broad, iron stairway, while one in the west end of the building, south of the main entrance, leads from the basement to the third floor. Leading from the fourth floor to the balcony of the belfry is an iron spiral stairway. NEW JAIL BUILDING AT MACOMB. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 253 111 the basement is the room for the eiio^iue used tor heatin . Ca";sar at once went aboard the boat, pleased with the idea of a trip down the Mississippi, visiting the wonders and learning some- thing of plantation lite of the South. As the boat proceeded down the river, he observed that he was watched by a gentleman, and wondered what it meant. When a little way above St. Louis, the strange man got an opportunity to speak to him, there being no one near him at the time. Said he : "Don't you know you are being taken down the river never to return V With a start, Cajsar responded : "No, sah ; I don't." "Well, such is the case. I saw your nmster make out and give to a man now on board, a bill of sale of you." "Is that so, Massa ? Tell me true !" "Yes, it is. Now", my advice to you is that if the opportunity offers, you try and make your escape. Death is to be preferred to life on a southern plantation. You may escape and make your way north where you will find friends. We will soon land to take on wood, and you there may get away." The thought of being betrayed by his master had never entered the mind of poor Coesar who supposed he was going on a pleasure trip to the South, and the thought that he should be retained there was almost overpowering. What could he do? Kscape? Well, he would try. As his friend remarked, death was preferable to a life on a southern plantation. When the boat landed, Civsar was sent with other deck hands to load it with wood. lie moved off as if with the intention of doing the work, and when out of sight of his companions, he started off on a ran. His presence at first was not missed, and when the fact was discovered, the boat could not be delayed that his capture might be effected. Steering directly north, Ca?sar in due time found himself in the vicinity of Upper x\lton. While passing along the road he heard behind him a couple of horse- men in full gallop, and supposing they were after him, it was his first thought to run, but fearing this would excite their apprehen- sion, if they were not in search of him, he quietly stepped one side, and began plucking the plums from a tree by the roadside. Luckily the horsemen paid no attention to him, even if they ob- served him. lie continued on his way, and soon another horse- •274 HISTORY OF m'donough county. man came galloping up behind. As before he could not escape without observation, and the horseman soon overtook him and quietly asked : "Going north ?"' "Yes, sah, am traveling that way." "Well, then get on this horse and travel nntil you come to a certain house [describing it] there hitch your horse, go ju, and you will be cared for."" Although he did not know whether he was a friend or foe, Cii^sar concluded to trust him and take his advice. Mounting the horse he proceeded on the way until he reached the designated place where he stopped, and on going in, without a word being spoken, he was shown a large upper room and told to remain there until called for. Food was provided him, and when night came he was conducted on his way. lie was now on the line of the famous Underground railway, and in due time passed through this county on his way to Canada. Some months after, he returned over the line to secure, if possi- ble, his wife. Arriving in the vicinity of Hannibal he learned that she had been sold and removed to some unknown place, and all efforts to learn of her whereabouts were unavailing, and he never saw or heard from her. But, then, according to high judicial au- thority, negroes have no rights which white men are bound to re- spect. Oh, shame I Train Captured. — During the series of years in which the Underground Railroad was in operation, but one accident occurred in this county. The agent at Round Prairie, with a consignment of five negroes, started one night to deliver them to the agent here; but in the darkness, lost his way, and found himself in the hollow near the residence of David Chrisman, a well known pro- slavery character in this county. Leaving his wagon, he took the negroes across lots to the station, Avhere, leaving them, he returned to his wagon. As it happened, this Chrisman with some boon companions, had been out until a late hour that night, and in returning home, discovered the wagon in the road, ('ailing out and receiving no answer, they searched and found it empty. Sur- mising the object for which it had been used, they determined on waiting the return of the owner, and endeavor to extort from him a confession. After a lapse of an hour or two, the agent and owner of wagon returned, and was confronted by lialf a dozen men, who by threats endeavored to secure a confession of his acts, I1I8T0KV OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 275 demanding that he make a "clean breast" of it, and tell them the number ot neg-roes, and the time they were expected to start on the next stage of their journey, for said they, "We mean to have them any how." They found the man very ignorant as to facts, and very uncommunicative. Hoping to frighten him into a revela- tion of such facts as they desired to know, they told him he was their prisoner, and that they should take him to Macomb and put him in jail. Knowing they could have no warrant for his arrest, he took the matter very coolly, and parleyed with them until they were satisfied they could get no information from him, when they left. Thinking it would not do for him to return and warn the agent of his danger, he returned home and started a neighbor back to give the necessary warning. All the next day the agent's house was closely watched and guarded by these negro catchers, and about dusk, the agent thinking to throw them off their guard, arranged a covered wagon in which he threw some chaft" and started his brother off' with it as if in a hurry to get away. He then took negroes across lots, hoping that he would be unobserved. The ruse was suspected by the other party, who failed to follow the wagon, and as the agent and his freight were emerging from a field, they were confronted and ordered to surrender. The negroes all broke and run, all escap- ing but one, who was captured and taken to Macomb and placed in jail to await the call of his master, who would claim him as his slave. When the master of the slave called to prove his property, Chrisman claimed a reward and was told by the man that he might go to the region ot the unredeemed, that when he hired him to catch his negroes, he would pay him, and not before. The agent of the U. G. li. was in considerable dread of being arrested for a violation of the fugitive slave law, but luckily it was never done. If taken, he knew his fine would be paid by friends, but the three years in the penitentiar}' he would have to serve alone. A White Ni'(/ro.- — Xot every fugitive that escaped was black ; one that came through a few years before the war was as white as any pure Caui;asian that ever lived. He had light hair, light, sandy whiskers, and eyes and nose tiiat showed no signs of the negro blood. Our informant says he could not believe there was a drop of such blood in him, but that he was a white man who had in childhood been captured and enslaved. When he ar- rived at the McDonough countv station ho was armed with a re- 276 HISTORY OF m'donougii county. volver and bowie knife, and expressed a determination never to be taken back alive, llis back w^as lacerated in a terrible manner, there being great scars upon it that could never be effaced, made by the scourgings he had received. When being taken to the Fulton county station, on his way north, he was advised to lay down in the wagon, but this he would not do, stating that he was as white as any man. and would exercise a white man's privilege. He succeeded in reaching the "promised land." "Gioine to Jine the Yankee Church.'' — Tom was a likely negro boy about uineteeu years of age, inclined to be a little wild and to give more or less trouble. Still he probably meant well. He had been severely whipped on several occasions for various misde- meanors, and large welts were made upon bis back, and scars that remained there for years. For some ottense he was again promised a whipping. His master tied his hands behind him, and leaving him in the kitchen went out to procure a suitable withe with which to administer the Hogging. With no idea of making a final escape, but with the thought of escaping a severe castigation, Tom ran out and awaj', and while running worked his arms so as to loosen the rope and allow one hand to got free. It was thus an easy matter to free the other which he soon did, but retained pos- session of the rope. His master, returning to the kitchen, and finding him gone, called his blood-hounds and set them on his track. As it happened, Tom had the care of these hounds from their birth, and with cunning slirewdness had trained them so as to make them afraid of him. From time to time, as the opportu- nity offered, he would take them out where their yelping would not be heard, and severely whip them, thus teaching them he was their master. This he did as he afterward averred from the fact that he did not know but some day they might be used against him. And it was well for him that such was the case. As the dogs came bounding on, Tom called them, and with the rope with which ho had been tied, gave them a severe whipping and sent them back. The efforts of his master were unavailing after this to make the dogs continue on his track; the consequence was that Tom escaped, and getting on the main line of the celebrated U. G. R. K., he was soon in the "land of the free." While stop- ping at Mr. John Blazer's, Tom related his experience and gave a short dissertation on religion. He said his master was a Presby- terian, and he despised the Presbyterians, and would never join that church. "Xo," said he, "when I get up norf I'se gwine to HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 277 jine de Yankee church; Presln'terians are perfec' debbils, an' I'll iiebber jine de Presbyterians." Mr. Blazer was a Presbyterian at that time, and it amused him not a little to know he "was a per- fec' debbil." Presence of 311)1(1. — As illustrating the presence of mind of even the little children of the conductors on this road, we give the fol- lowing : A little son of Mr. Dobbins, about eight or nine years old, near [pava, Fulton county, while a number of negroes were hid in his father's barn, was sent regularly to carry them their food. On one occasion his mother had prepared the negroes' dinner, and placing it upon a tray, started her little boy with it to the barn. As he opened the dour on the porch he observed three or four neighboring women. To either go forward or return would ex- cite their suspicions, and quick as thought he began whistling for the dogs. His mother hearing him, and divining his reason, called out to him, " Don't throw that out to the dogs, bring it back here ; tliat's good." The boy quickly returned, and the un- welcome visitors never suspected anything wrong. A negro had escaped across the river at Quincy, and while quietly pursuing his way along the road to the old mill, was pur- sued by a couple of men on horseback. A little boy observing the situation, as the negro was at the forks of a road, called out to him, " Here, crawl under this pile of rails." The negro at once obeyed. When the men rode up they asked, "Boy did you see a black man pass along this road a little while ago ?" '• Yes," said the boy, " and he went right down that road as hard as he could go, and if you hurry you can catch him." Putting spurs to their horses, the men hurried on, and the bo}-, calling on the negro to come out quickly, hurried him on to the old mill, where he was safe from arrest, and soon on hisjourncy to the "Land of Canaan." "Whether the boy was justified in telling a lie to save the negro, we will leave to moralists to decide. We again quote from the "History of liound Prairie and Plym- outh " the following incident, located in this county : Going to 3Iarket. — At one time Mr. W. had a negro man in his charge that he determined to take to Macomb in an open wagon, his only conveyance, and make most of the trip by daylight. He filled a lot of sacks with light chaff from the barn floor, put some u— 18 278 HISTORY OK m'dONOUGH COUNTY. haj iu the bottom of the wagon, upon which he had the negro lie down at full length, and then piling the bogus sacks of grain upon him, he started about noon for Macomb, leaving any curious observers to infer — if the^^ chose to make inferences — that they were bound for market with a load of grain on a trading ex- pedition. All went well until they got a little beyond Crooked creek, which they crossed at Lamoine bridge. Here they met three men on horseback. Just as they were nearing each other, Mr. W. looked around to see if his load appeared all right. To his dismay, he found that the negro, weary of his constrained posi- tion, had drawn up one foot so that his knee protruded between the sacks. At a quick nudge the knee disappeared, leaving a fair surface again, but the movement had evidently attracted the at- tention of the horsemen. The load was scanned as they passed; they stopped their horses, turned around, watched sharply awhile, but failing to see any more suspicious movements among the sacks, and not comprehending what thej' had seen, they resumed their course and rode on. The negro got a sharp re[)Oof for the danger iijcurrcd l»y his ex- posure, as Mr. AV. drove on in a state of mind considerably excited by the narrow escape. As expected, night overtook them before reaching their destination. In the darkness they came upon a piece of road that had been lately changed. Mr. W. was at a loss which way to go, took the wrong road, and got hopelessly lost. There was no remedy but to inquire the way the first opportunity, and this was about the last thing he wanted to do, as the man he was looking for was Avell known as a prominent Underground Railroad man, and inquiries for him might lead to suspicions and revelations that would be very undesirable. Something must be done, however, so he went to the first house he saw, and roused the man from bed and asked the way to Mr. . The man seemed interested, came out in the yard to point out the way, and went toward the wagon just as he had got out of bed. Hoping to check his curiosity, Mr. AV. told him that his wife was in the wagon ; but the man went on to the gate, gave the necessar\' direc- tions, and then retired. The consignment was safely delivered at its destination, not- withstanding the real and supposed narrow escapes of the trip. It turned out that the curiosity and interest of the man that Mr. W. called up for information as to the way was notof a dangerous kind, as he was a son of the man for whom Mr. AV. sought, and HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 279 suspecting the nature of his mission, very kindly interested hini- seit in pointing out the way to his father's house. We close this- chapter with the following incident, as a final closing act of the drama of the " Underground Railroad :" On the morning of the thirty-tirst of December, 1P62, two uegro men were taken from the Eastern bound train of the C. B, & Q. R. R., at the depot in Macomb, by a citizen of this county, who fhiimed they were runaway slaves, and who felt it his duty or privilege to take them back and deliver them over to the gentle and fatherly care of their " master." Whether this man had ever heard of the emancipation proclamation of President Lincoln or not we cannot say, but presume not, or if he had he regarded it as " unconstitutional," and therefore invalid. By returning them to their owner or owners he thought he would receive enough money to keep him in whisky and tobacco for some time. Atthis time the Eastern and Western bound trains connected at this point, and it was the design of this zealous fugitive slave law man to hurry the negroes on board the Western bound train and take them back. Luckily this train was a few minutes late. John Q. Lane was at that time the City Marshal, and happened to be at the depot, and the negroes made known to him their condition, stating they were traveling on a pass from their master, and that it had been taken from them by this advocate of the law. Mr Lane told them to get in the omnibus, and he would take care of them. By oaths and threats this was sought to be prevented, but the Marshal "didn't scare worth a cent." He took the negroes to the Randolph Hotel, where they were kept under guard that day and night. The party capturing them, inflamed by liquor, went to the hotel and demanded them of the landlord, the Hon. Wil- liam H. Randolph, who then occupied that position. Mr. R., not liking the style of the gentleman, ordered him from the house, and accelerated his speed by a not very gentle kick. The man left, swearing vengeance. The negroes were held by friends until 12 o'clock at night, when they were informed that, agreeable to the proclamation of the President of the United States, they were free men, and could come and go as they pleased, being beholden to no man. 280 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. CHAPTER XXIV COAL — STONE — CLAY. A careful study of chapter fourteen will give the reader a knowl- edge of the geological formation of McDonough county, includ- ing coal, stone, and clay; still we think a more detailed statement than there given of the items mentioned will be appreciated by all in whose hands this work may fall. Coal. — The area of the coal fields of McDonough is nearly, if not quite, co-extensive with its entire surface, having been found in every township, except "Walnut Grove. There are thirty-nine shafts and banks in active operation, affording employment to hundreds of men, some of whom work in the banks, while others are constantly engaged in hauling to our home markets and the towns surrounding. An average of twelve cars per day have been shipped from the town of Colchester, over the Chicago, Burling- ton and (^uincy Railroad, during the last five years. This is ex- clusive of that shipped for the sole use of the railroad company, which amounts to several cars more. An average of two cars is consumed in Macomb, while surrounding towns use as much more, making a total of twenty-four cars per day. There is no limit to the supply, as the bed? are inexhaustible. The coal of this county is regarded as the best in the State, and is used extensively in the manufacture of gas in several of our large western cities. Stone. — The quarries of McDonough county are becoming just- ly noted for their superior quality of freestone and sandstone. As remarked of coal, the supply is almost inexhaustible, and capable of meeting the demand for hundreds of years. West of Macomb a short distance are two or three quarries that have been worked for many years, and the rock from them used for building pur- poses have stood the test of time in a remarkable degree. Until the HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. 281 past year the stone has beeu used principally for foundation pur- poses, wells, and sidewalks. A few months ago Mr. Rowley, of New York, who, for many years has been the proprietor of the quarry known as Stuart's, having tested the stone in every conceiva- ble way, erected a factory for the purpose of manufacturing grindstones. lie has now in employ a large number of hands, and is turning out an article that is giving universal satisfaction. Shipments are being made daily to all parts of the United States, and we have no doubt in time this will be one of the insti- tions of the county. John McLean, Esq., of Macomb, at our re- quest, furnished us with the following statement of the quarry formerly worked by Hector McLean, Sr., and his three sons, Alex. John, and Duncan : "We commenced work in the Randolph quarry in the fall of 1849, and in 1852 left, purchasing the interest of Swigart & I3roaddus in the quarry kiiown as Bartleson's, and considered the best freestone or sandstone in the State. The quarry was easy to work, having seams in every ledge, running the entire length. AVe frequently pried up stones 30x15 feet, flat and smooth, fitted for any kind of pavement, the ledges being from Ih inches, increasing in thickness to three feet, being the lowest ledge we W(^rked. "We had the quarry rented for four years at ten cents ppr perch. In 1857 we purchased one hundred and sixty acres of land on which the quarry was situated, of a Mr. Airy, of Phila- delphia, a brother of the late Mrs. Bartleson, of Macomb, for which we paid ^1,600 ; sold the same to C. N.Harding, Esq., in 1867, for §4,000. We worked in the quarry twelve years, in which time we averaged one thousand perches per year of all kinds of rock. "In looking over the accounts of some years, I find that we made as high as $3,500 per year, paying for extra labor, tools and powder for blasting purposes, $1,300. In these times this was considered 'big money.' We usually did all the business our- selves, having four yoke of oxen, and a large wagon capable of carrying five tons or four perches. The wagon was made by our former townsman, Sidney S. Chapman, and a splendid wagon it was, painted on the axle 1852, the year in which it Avas made. We quarried, hauled and built, receiving therefor $2.50 to §8.25 per perch, according to wall."' 282 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. Besides the quarries mentioned, there is an excdlleut quality of stone near Industry, on Grindstone creek, of the same i^eneral character as the foregoing. Clay. — For the manufacture of drain tile, fire hrick, &g., we have an excellent clay, and already we have one or two very ex- tensive manufactories for these articles. Ilorrocks, Stevens & Co., Bardolph, are doing an excellent business in this line, their trade extending east and west for hundreds of miles. It is said that the fire brick manufactured is superior to the Kew Jersey article, which is so widely known. We have no doubt in addition to these articles mentioned, clay for the manufacture of Iron-stone China can be had of a superior quality. Capitalists would do well to investigate the subject. HISTOHY OK m'dONOIKJH (OUNTV. 283 CHAPTER XXV, m'donough county agricultural society. Oil the sixteenth day of April, 1855, a few citizens of this coiiuty, interested in Agricultural and Mechanical Arts, met in Ma- comb for the purpose of eflecting an organization, having for its object improvement in the same. W. J. Merritt was called to the Chair, and S. K. Pedrick appointed Secretary. Remarks were made by various persons, and the feasibility and importance of the proposed organization discussed. A Constitution and By-Laws were then adopted, and the following officers elected for one year : President, Thompson Chandler; Vice Presidents, Joseph Lownes, William Brooking and S. K. Pedrick ; Corresponding Secretary, L. Jl. Waters ; Secretary, Joseph E. Wyne ; Treasurer, Joseph P. Updegrafi. An Executive Committee was also appointed, and books opened for membership. The committee and officers entered at once upon the discharge of their duties ; a fair was announced to be held on the second Thursday in October, continuing two days, and a list of awards were made out and a speaker engaged to deliver an address — Thomas Camp, a practical farmer of the county. The old college grounds, now owned by Prof. Branch, was se- cured for the purpose of holding the fair. Says the Macomb En- terprise of October 25th. " Our county fair exceeded our most sanguine expectations. The weather was delightful, and the attendance on both days was very large. AVhat sur[)rised us most was the number of articles on exhibition." Then followed a description of some of the most important, among which was Cy. Lawson's 800 pound pig, Broaddus' plows, Ilarker's hay rake. Price's washing machine, IIari*is' churn, some " 'orful' pumpkins, potatoes, wheat, and the handiwork of some of McDonough's fair daughters." 284 iirsTORY OF m'donough county. The officers, we believe, were all continued, and a fair an- nounced for Thursday and Friday, October 9tli and 10th, 1856. This exhibition was an improvement upon the other, and we may here remark that all exhibitions since have contined to improve. The exhibition was hold at the same place as the year before, but the ground was found entirely too small for the purpose. Thomas E. Brannan delivered a most excellent address, and all were well pleased with the success of the Societ3\ The next year the fair was held in the pasture of Thompson Chandler, in the northwest part of the town. Like those pre- viously held, the fair was a success in almost every respect, and it was determined that renewed efforts should be made to make the society efficient and permanent. The grounds were leased from Thompson Chandler, fenced and cleared for the purpose of hold- ing the annual exhibitions, in which the people all manifested considerable interest. The fourth annual fair was held on these grounds, which are now known as the old fair grounds, and was well attended. We cannot well help drawing a contrast between the fairs then and now. At that time, although they were spoken of as being successful, yet the entries were few indeed, in comparison to what are now made each year. For years that old white bull of Thompson Chandler's was the principal attraction. Blooded stock was then scarce indeed. ISTo such tine herds of cattle as are now owned and exhibited each year by Joseph Lownes, the Hustons and others ; no such droves of hogs as Work, Dixon and others show ; no imported horses like those of Westfall, Gloyd, Brooking, Rexroat and others own. Floral hall, at an early day, would blush if placed side by side with the magniticent structure now owned by the Society, and filled each year to over- flowing. For the first four or five years two days was all-sufficient to exhibit the few articles placed on exhibition. After this the society required three, then four, then five days, and now the en- tire week is required to satisfy the thousands who annually attend the McDonough county fair, the reputation of which is extending year by year, and even now it is no mean competitor to the State fair. Articdos ar(^ now brought to its exhibitions from all parts of the State, while other States, and even the Dominion of Canada, have contributed to its exhibitions. HISTORY OF m'D0N0U(;II COUNTY. 285 The Society has been uniformly fortunate in its choice of offi- cers. Thompson Chandler, the father of it, exerted himself nobly to make its exhibitions successful, and great credit is due to him for carrying it through the tirst years of its existence. Messrs. Joseph Lownes, J. P. Updegraff, William Pointer, Amos Dixon, and E. C. Knapp have each labored to promote the best interests of the Society, Joseph Burton, as Secretary, was an indefatigable worker, spending a great amount of time and money to Vjring the Society up to its present high standard. During the last two years. Dr. W. O. Blaisdell has been Presi- dent, and W. H. Ilainiine, Secretarj-. These two gentlemen have co-operated together well in behalf of the Society, and are fully determined not to retrograde, or even stand still, their motto being •'onward and upward." There are no obstacles which they do not feel able to overcome, and which they will not overcome, if zeal, combined with pluck, will accomplish anything. The last two years there has been continued rain during the weeks of the fair; but notwithstanding, the people tur-ned out very well, and the Society was enabled, from their receipts, to pay oii entire their large premium lists, dollar for dollar, as well as all their outstand- ing contracts. "VVe do not believe there is another County Pair in the State that can say as much. In 1867 the Society purchased their present grounds just south of the city, on which they have made improvements, including price of land, of over $10,000, They now own the finest and most convenient grounds in the State, and year by year, as their means will warrant, will continue to improve them. The past year (1876) was the tirst in which it can be said there Avas anything having the appearance of a failure, and this not in respect to the number of articles on exhibition. Every depart- ment was well represented, but the elements combined against it, the rain pouring down almost constantly, so that the attendance was not one-fourth that of ordinary years. For twenty-one years the Society had paid its premiums dollar for dollar, with no debts ever protested. This year, however, the Society could only pay lifty cents on the dollar, and only that by the stockholders being assessed a very heavy per cent. The present Officers and Board of Directors are as follows : President, AV, O, Blaisdell ; Vice-President, Aaron P, McKee ; Secretary, W. TI. Ilainiine ; Treasurer, C. V, Chandler ; Directors, T, Chandler, J, C. Moore, A. V. Brooking and J. AV. Mcintosh. 286 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. These men are all tried and true, and Avill work with a will to make the exhibitions ot the Society first class. In 1870, the McDonough County Stock Association was re^ni- larly incorporated, and held its first exhibition in July of that year. Exhibitions ^vere also lield in '1871 and 1872. In 1873 the Association failed to have an exhibition, and the following* year it united its fortunes with the Agricultural Society, and the two combined are now known as the McDonough County Agricul- tural and Stock Association. Every citizen of the county should take an interest in the ex- hibitions of this Society, and should use his utmost endeavors to make the annual meetings a success. Xothing tends more to in- cite men to action than the comparison of stock or the products of each, and we attribute in a great measure the advanced step taken by our people in the production of fine stock and the growth of the various products to the exhibitions previously held. iiisTOKV OF m"i)onou<;h county. 287 CHAPTER XXVI. BLACK LAWS. The eurly settlers of this county, although mainly from the Southern or slave States, entertained a deep-seated prejudice against the negro, for which it is hard for us to account at the present day. This prejudice, we may remark, was not held alto- gether and only in this county, for by referring to the Revised Statutes of this State, approved March 3, 1845, we tind the following in chapter 54, under the head of '-Xegroes and Mu- lattoes" : Section 8. Auy person who shall hereinafter bring into this State any black or mulatto person, in order to free him or her from slavery, or shall directly or indirectlj bring into this State, or aid or assist any person in bringing, any such black and mulatto person to settle and reside therein, shall be fined one hundred dollars on convic- tion on indictment, or before any justice of the peace in the county where such offen.se shall be committed. Sec. 9. If any slave or servant shall be found at a distance of ten miles from the tenement of his or her master, or person with whom he or she lives, without a pass or some letter or token whereby it may appear that he or she is proceeding by authority from his or her master, employer or overseer, it shall and may be lawful for any person to apprehend and carry him or her before a justice of the peace, to be by his order pun- ished with stripes, not exceeding thirty-five, at his discretion. Sec. 10. If any slave or servant shall presume to come and be upon the plantation or at the dwelling of any person whatsoever, without leave from his or her owner, not being sent upon lawful business, it shall be lawful for the owner of such lilantation, or dwelling house to give or order such slave or servant ten lashes on his or her bare back. Sec. 12. If any person or persons shall permit or suffer any slave or slaves, servant or servants of color, to the number of thre.^ or more, to assemble in his, her or their outhouse, yard or shed, for the purpose of dancing or revelling, either by night or by day, the person or persons so offending shall forfeit and pay the sum of twenty dollar.^ with cost to any person or persons who will sue for and recover the same by action of debt or indictment, in any court of record proper to try the same. Sec. l^^. It shall be the duty of all coroners, sheriffs, judges and justices of tht> peace, who shall see or know of, or lie informed of any such assemblage of slaves or servants immediately to commit such slave or servants to the jail of the county, and on view or proof thereof order each and every such slave or servant to be whii)ped, not exceeding thirty-nine stripes on his or her bare back. 288 HISTORY OF m'dONOUCSII COUNTY. At a meeting held iu Macomb, as early as 1884, it was resolved by the peo})le assembled that they would enforce section 8 of the statute given above. About this time a Mr. Kiggs and a Mr. Thompson brought each a mulatto woman with them to this county ; Mr. Thompson settled in Macomb, while Mr. Riggs set- tled on a farm a short distance from town. But little time was lost in notifying the parties that the law would be enforced. Some resistance was at first offered, but the negroes were removed. By reference to the census reports we find the highest number reported in this county previous to 18(30, at any one time, was seven. Therefore, we judge the law was strictly enforced. Some years ago the Hon. AV. II. ISToece, of Macomb, was in the city of Monmouth, when he stepped into a barber shop for a shave. The barber was a colored man. While shaving him, he asked Mr. Keecc where he was from, and the response w^as given, "Macomb."' "Well," said he, "I went to Macomb once, about eighteen or twenty years ago, to start a barber shop. I only stayed about twenty-four hours, for a man called Jim Campbell came to me and told me I had better get out ob dar, as that was a white man's town. I left.'' Notwithstanding his antipathy to the negro, Mr. C, has a warm spot about him, as witness the following which will be vouched for by the parties named : In 1856, he was a delegate to the Dem- ocratic National Convention which was to meet in Cincinnati, and which afterwards nominated James Buchanan, for President. In going to that city, Mr. C. took the train at Macomb for Quin- cy, where he was to meet other delegates in whose company he was to continue his journey. On board the same train, going to Quincy, was Joseph E. Wyne, Jack Price, Frank Whitson, and other Macomb boys,'With wiiom jMr. Campbell engaged in con- versation, discussing, of course, the political questions of the day. As known, the Republican party was just coming into promi- nence, and Mr. C. denounced the members of it as abolitionists, negro stealers, etc. Becoming tired of this, he began to relate experiences in liis early life. He said he was born in Kentucky, where his father at one period of his life, owned a number of slaves. Becoming involved, he was compelled to sell them for transportation down the river. Among the number was a negro lad named Bob, about his own age, with whom he had eaten and played many a day. He stated he never felt as bad in his life as he did when ho saw Bob sold and carried away. Mr. Wyne then HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 289 asked him the question : "Mr. Campbell, suppose Bob wouM come to your house some night, and tell you his master had mistreated him, and that he was compelled to run away, that he was without money, had nothing to eat during the day, and was nearly naked, what would you do?" Rising to his feet, he excitedly replied ; "By if such a thing as that should happen, I would take him in, give him something to eat, I would clothe him, and give him money, and tell him to break for Canada!" As late as the year 1861, an indictment was found against Geo. W. Reed, the present corcner of the county, under the "black law" for bringing a negro into the state. "When the case was called in the Circuit Court, the Judge and Prosecuting Attorney threw it out — the law being virtually a dead letter. 290 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH CCUNTV, CHAPTER XXVIL RESOURCES OF THE COUNTY, AVe propose in this chapter to give a short summary of such matters as will show clearly the business and resources of Mc- Douough count}'. To the thoughtful and intelligent reader these items will be invaluable, and we commend them to the capitalists of the country as showing truthfully the situation at present writ- ing, Xovember, 187G. By a careful examination will be seen : — 1. The extent of our territory. 2. The available proportion. 3. The variety of its productions. 4. Value as a stock county. 5. Extent of manufactures. (3. Openings for capital. Exfint of Territory. — McDonough county is square, having within its boundaries sixteen townships of thirty-six square miles each, or a total of five hundred and seventy' six square miles. In each square mile there are six hundred and forty acres, which makes a grand total of three hundred and sixty-eight thousand six hundred and forty acres. Iiiqrroced Land. — By this statement is meant such lands as may be enclosed and value enhanced by cultivation; by erection of buildings or in the manufacture of articles of profit. It is cus- tomar}' in the assessment of real estate to call any traot improved that has any portion under cultivation or used to increase values. Taking out for woodland, marshes, creeks and sloughs, the num- ber of acres adapted to cultivation are three hundred thousand. Ummprorcd Tjands. — The proportion of unimproved land, aa fihown in the table given elsewhere, is small, being less than one- twelfth of the entire land in the county. Tlie greater portion of this never will be brought under cultivation, although much of it is of great value, being underlaid with coal, and having on it .several valuable quarries of stone. Several of our finest farms HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 291 were once thought to he as valueless as much of this unimproved land now seems to be, and it may be that a considerable part of it will 3'et be cultivated. Real and Fcr.^onal Property. — For the wealtli of the county, the statement in the table given of personal property, town lots and lands, will give a fair idea. We learn from this that the aggre- gate value of the three classes of property named is .^14,450,627, an average of ^451.56 to every man, woman and child. Wheat. — While wheat is decidedly preferred to all other grain, and next to corn is the most important raised in the count}', yet for a few years past the yield has been light and the qualit}^ poor ; indeed, the average yield of the crop has scarcely compensated for the outlay of seed and hxbor. In the early settlement of the county abundant crops were raised, and of a superior quality, winter wheat being principally sown. Of late years spring wheat has taken its place, the cause being that the winter wheat has nearly always been killed by the severe cold of our winters. There were sown the past year 21,343 acres in wheat, the yield being very small — not sufficient for home consumption. Corn. — A.mong the products of McDonough county, as well as generalh^ in the United States, corn takes the precedence as being the most profitable and peculiarly adapted to our soil. There were in cultivation in this county, during the past year, 121,215 acres ot this grain, being about two-fifths of all the land under cultiva- tion. The average yield is generally about fifty bushels, but in consequence of the late rainy season this year (1876), the average will fall far below that amount. In many places the crop was an entire failure, but on rolling lands, well drained, as high as eighty bushels to the acre were realized. The yield this year Avill amount to about 4,000,000 bushels, scarcely more than will supply home demand, the majority of the farmers having stock sufficient to feed more than they raised. Many farmers do not pretend to sell a bushel any season, because they find it more profitable to feed it to the stock than to sell in its bulky condition. The general mar- ket price of corn varies from thirty to forty cents per bushel, oc- casionally declining to twenty five cents, but often advancing to fifty cents. Oats. — When considered in connection with the artificial grasses, and the nourishment and improvement it affords to live stock, especialh' the horse, this grain may be considered as one of 292 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY, the most important crops wo produce. Its yield is generally abundant and protitabie. The past year the crop was exceedingly light, greatly to the surprise of nearly all the farmers, the indica- tions in the early part of" the season being that an abundant crop would be realized. Although making nearly the average in bulk, in weight it fell far short, in many instances taking two bushels in measurement to make one in weight. The usual yield is from thirty-five to forty-five bushels per acre. This year it will proba- bly not be over sixteen and a half. There were 20,171 acres sown, which will equal 342,970 bushels as the amount raised. The general market price varies from twenty-five to forty cents per bushel. Other Products. — Under this head are included rye, barley, buckwheat, potatoes, and such other articles as are commonly cultivated in small quantities. Allotted to the use of these pro- ducts the past year were 7,435 acres. Rye and Barley. — These grains are generally a sure crop, and the yield heavy ; but there being no home demand, and the gen- eral market price so low, that other grains are more profitable ; consequently but a small portion of the land is allotted to their culture. Buckwheat. — This grain is but little cultivated in this county, in fact, not enough to supply home consumption. It is not profit- able, so the farmers say. Potatoes. — The common Irish potato, so extensively cultivated in most of the temperate climates of the globe because of its value as an item of daily food, is regarded of but little less im- portance than corn or wheat. In this county the yield is gener- ally heavy. The Colorado bug, which, for several years has been so destructive of the potato, destroying the vine before the potato matures, this year did not make its appearance to any considera- ble extent. It is hoped that the days of this enemy of the potato are numbered. The general market value is extremely fluctua- ting, ranging all the way from fifteen cents to two dollars per bushel, though most commonl}' selling at about fifty cents per bushel. The average yield is about one hundred and fifty bush- els to the acre, which makes it one of the most valuable products raised. Meadow. — The hay crop is becoming one of great importance. The vast prairies of McDonough county affording an abundant HISTORY OF M'DONurtill eoTNTV. 293 yield, which, with the httle labor required to raise it, and the generally fair market price, makes it a very profitable article of culture, besides it enables the farmer to rest his land. The prin- cipal kinds grown are timothy and red clover, the former being superior to all others. The market price of this staple article varies from six dollars to twelve dollars per ton, seldom falling below or raising above these figures. The last season there were assigned to the cultivation of grass in this county 31,980 acres, which produced fully two tons per acre, making a total yield of 63,980 tons. Pasture. — The number of acres of pasturage at present in this county is 52,426. This is used for pasturing cattle, almost every farmer having a few acres enclosed for that purpose. Some of the land is woodland, and can be used for no other purpose, but being good grazing and well watered makes it valuable. Wood Land. — As will be seen by our table, McDonough county is largely prairie land, although there are many streams and large creeks running through, it, which are bordered by tim- ber. Said timber does not extend a great distance, the wood land being reported to the assessors as only 44,976 acres, or about one-eighth of the entire amount. The timber land is principally in the western townships. The principal varieties are white, red and black oak, hickory, elm, white and black walnut, birch, etc. This land is not considered as valuable now as it was in the ear- lier history of the county, when it was deemed essential by every farmer that he should have the greater part of his farm in tim- ber, that he might have sufficient for building purposes, fencing and fuel. The question of supply and demand for the timber puzzled our fathers greatly, but it has been effectually solved by the introduction of the railroad. Horses. — According to the table given elseAvhcre, tliere are 13,- 883 horses in this county, with an average assessed value of S45.35. The character of the horse has been greatly improved in the past few years. In 1870, Dr. B. R. Westfall, J. M. lieynolds and John (J. Moore went to France and purchased four large, fine Xorman horses. They were the first ever imported into the county. Pre- vious to this, all breeding horses were of common stock, and making the venture to secure better breed was a new era in horse raising in the county. Whether it would prove successful or not, time alone would tell. In 1873, Dr. AVestfall again went to France H— 19 294 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. and imported four more, while B. F. Gloyd went to Canada and purchased three large, splendid Clydesdales. Other horses have eince been imported by other parties, making fifteen in all. Colts by the first importation were sold as high us six hundred dollars each, and we have known yearlings to sell from one hundred and sixty to two hundred and ten dollars each. There is an increased demand for imported horses, and the breeding of the better class is getting to be a source of revenue to the county. All our best farmers are manifesting an interest in the business, and we believe the time will soon come when McDonough county will take rank with some of the principal counties in Ohio, where the raising of fine horses has been made a specialty for years, and where a greater revenue is derived than from all other stock. The ques- tion, "Will it pay to raise the better class of horses?" has been fully and satisfactorily answered in the affirmative. It costs no more to raise a good horse than a poor one, and the remuneration is more than double. Many car loads are shipped from this county each year. Cattle. — In cattle McDonough county is fast taking a leading position. With thousands of acres of excellent pasture land, with living streams of water the year round, together with the large amount of grain raised in our midst, makes cattle raising a very profitable business. For some years past Rigdon Huston, of Blandinsville township, and Joseph Lownes & Son, of New Salem, have been devoting their time to the improvement of this class of stock. They have now herds that will rank with any in the State, and are constantly adding to the number, variety and qual- ity of their stock. Both of these men have animals that cost them thousands of dollars each, and which are of pure blood and undoubted pedigree. We can say with respect to cattle wdiat we remarked in relation to horses, it costs no more to raise the better class than it does the poorer, and the profit is much greater. Thousands of head are shipped each year from this county — enough to average about seven hundred cars each year for the past six years, or al)Out two and one-third cars per day. Accord- ing to our table, in May last there were 38,123 head in the county, assessed at an average of |14.29 each. Many of this number, of course, are milch cows. Mules and Asses. — ISTotwithstanding these animals will do more with the same amount of care, they do not appear to be a favor- ite with our farming community, there being only 1383 head, or HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 295 just one-teuth as niii'ij as we liave horses. The average value at which they are assessed is $50 84 each. Sheej). — There has been a remarkable decrease in the number of sheep raised in McDonough county during the past few years, caused by the low price ot wool in the general markets. During the war wool growing was a most profitable business! and largely engaged in by our farmers, but the demand for woolen goods has decreased greatly, and the prices realized so small, that other busi- ness is now much more profitable. We have now in this county only 6,424 head of sheep, with an average assessed value of %1 97 each. Swine. — This class of stock has received more attention from our farmers than any other, and has generally been the most profitable. The American nation seems "hoggishly" inclined, and the prices ruling in the market have been such as to tempt our farmers to invest more largely in these animals than in all others combined. Notwithstanding the large number that have yearly been carried off with the cholera, none seem to abandon the busi- ness of raising the stock. The breed of hogs has been greatly improved within the past few years by the introduction of the J^.'nglish Berkshire, Chester White and Poland China. From these and other varieties various crosses have been obtained which have proven even more profitable to fatten than the thorough- breds. J. M. & S. Work have done much to improve this class of stock, and deserve the thanks of the whole county. Doubtless some remedy or preventative will soon be discovered which will greatly lessen the loss of swine by cholera and like diseases, if not altogether be driven from among them. The large yield of corn, the readiness with which the hog fattens, and the advanced mar- ket price affords abundant compensation to the farmer or stock- raiser. During the past four years there has been an average of 72,000 head of hogs shipped from this county, which, counting 250 pounds each, and in the market netting $6 per hundred, would make a revenue to the county each year of $1,080,000. Accord- ing to our table, we have only 46,446 head, but it must be l)orne in mind the table was compiled in May last when there are a less number than any other season in the year, sucking pigs never be- ing counted and nearly all the marketable hogs shipped. The assessment figures will never, therefore, show the true number, for many pigs that are not assessed before the next yearly assess- ment are shipped to the markets. 296 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. Orchards. — As u country grows older, the more extensive her orchards and abundant her fruit crop. McDonough county now ranks among the foremost fruit-growing counties in the State — l)oth in regard to the quantity and the quality of the fruit grown. In this countj^ we have now 3,331 acres devoted to this purpose, which, if we calculate eighty trees to the acre, would make a to- tal of 206,480. This number is divided up into the different kinds of fruit grown, such as apple, pear, peach and plum. Apple. — The greater part of the land devoted to the cultivation of fruit is used for raising this variety, the principal kinds grown being jenneting, winesap, rambo, bellflow^er, Ben. Davis, ffonathan, Pennsylvania red streaks, red June and early harvest. These are now considered standard. Formerly were grown to a considera- ble extent Roxbury russet, Rhode Island greenings, iialdwin, white winter pearmain, and peonix. At present there are an av- erage of 1,000,000 bushels raised in this county each year, and the amount is constantly increasing — the greater number of trees hardly yet reaching maturity, while additions are made each year. During the month of October, 1876, there were shipped from Alacomb 30,000 bushels, and in the same time w^ere manufac- tured into cider at the same place 42,000 bushels. These were all grown in the immediate vicinity of that place. The apple crop is generally sure each year, there never having yet been an entire failure, though one or two years it has been short. A good price is generally realized from this fruit, and it is found of very profit- able culture. About six hundred bushels to the acre is now con- sidered an average crop, our trees yet being young. As the orchards become older, the average will be greater. Peaches, Pears and Plums. — These are not especially adapted to our climate, and seldom yield enough to justify their culture. The quality of the peach is very poor; formerly large quantities and good qualities were raised, but climatic (dianges have oper- ated against them. The pear and plum trees grow well, but the fruit is generally poor, the pear being (destroyed by a blight, and the plum by the curcuiio. Cherries. — The principal varieties of this fruit grown are the English Morello, Early Richmond, and May Duke, the two for- mer being superior to the latter and more liable to bear. The yield is usually large and of a superior quality. HISTORY OF M'DONOnGII COUNTY. 297 Grapes. — This fruit is becoming one of the staple products of the county, the yield generally being very heavy, where the proper care and attention is given. The market is good and at prices that make its culture profitable. The varieties mostly cultivated are the Concord, Delaware, Hartford Prolific, Isabella, and Ca- tawba. The manufacture of the grape into wine is found quite remunerative and is being entered into quite extensively by fruit growers. ISmall Fruit. — The small fruits cultivated in this county are the currant, gooseberry, blackberry, raspberry and strawberry, all of which yield well and are found quite profitable. The quality of each is good. It has only been in the last four or five years that any attention has been given to the raising of small fruit, but as it is shown that it can be made to pay, doubtless, many others Avill enter into the business. Carriages and Wagons. — McDouougli county appears well sup- plied witii vehicles of all kinds, and as the [country grows in wealth more will be used, especially of the finer grade. Since writing the above another crop has been harvested, which has been much more abundant than that of 1876. For 1877 the wheat crop was better than for many years. The quality is also much better than usual. Owing to heavy and almost continual rains in the spring the prospect for a good corn crop was unfav- orable, but even this is fully an average crop. In many townships the yield will be larger than in 1876. There were planted in 1877, in number, 116,355 acres against 121,215 in 1876. The potato crop will be very large, the season being very favorable and the potato bug hardly being known. A larger yield ot hay was pro- duced than in any year of the county's histor3^ The only products of the county that approximates a failure is the fruit, but little of any kind being raised, scarcely enough for home consumption. We here subjoin several tables of statistics, which speak for themselves, and to which we invite attention. The tables show the assessed value of the articles given, wiiich is much below the real worth of the property. The State Board of Equalization reduced the amount reported by the assessors twenty-nine per cent, which if added would largely increase the amount. In the first table we have given such years as we could find. Previous to the year 1857 there were no abstracts made of assessments, so we were compelled to gather the statistics from difterent papers on 298 HISTORY OF M DONOUGH COUNTY. file in the office of the County Clerk. It will be observed that there is a vast increase in 1873, which is accounted for by saying that previous to that time assessments were made on a basis of from one-third to one-fifth the cash value; while now they are made on the estimated cash value. The tables will be interesting as showing the growth and prosperity of the county during the vears of its existence. TABLE OF ASSESSMENTS OF REAL AND PERSONAL PROPERTY OF SUCH YEARS AS ARE ATTAINABLE, FROM 1830 TO 1876, INCLUSIVE. Year. Personal property. Lands. Town lots. Railroad property. Total. 1830 '. 526,742 31,625 42,764 109,714 313,883 346,669 1,071,008 2,039,445 1,339,795 1,020,283 906.409 884,828 810,052 1,026,247 1,157,347 1,4 19,, 560 2,400,879 1,575,402 942,022 813,313 742,678 763,508 4,413,028 1,981,429 1,935, ('82 3,078,798 1831 1832 1835 1839 $827,305 982,350 2.556,488 4,334,732 3,769,415 2.822,511 2,831,593 2.307,265 2,153,711 2,377,702 2,437,449 2,. 514, 8,54 4,432,449 3.260,872 2,845,794 2,823.954 2,811,610 2,735,419 10.731,833 9,303,589 8,817,400 8,632,325 1850 $71,761 287,983 1,8.55 1856 1858 615,654 527,710 529,447 447,265 400,533 411,365 419,219 523,888 912,557 738.463 513,479 460,978 438.689 432,213 1,781,116 1,644,030 1,620,2.50 1,493,394 $482,936 S93,,5S0 395,440 400,503 372,118 400,533 176,308 183,137 243,276 306,793 .326,275 ■ 302,444 350,308 363,355 1.890,838 1,204,692 738,862 $6, 207, 800 1859 4,764,084 1860 4,662,889 1861 4,040,201 1862 3,736,412 1863 4,215,881 18M 4,190,323 1865 4,641,439 1867 1868 8,471,384 6,279 922 1869 4, 027,. 570 1870 4,400.689 1871 4,342,276 1872 4,294,495 1873 18,516,815 1874 16,066,2'25 1875 14, 947, .390 1876 13,711,765 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY 299 Woodland — No. of acres. Pasture— No. of acres., Pasture— No. of acres. Other Products— No. of No. of acres Meadow— No. of acres..., «, M X o rH lo -x oi a-. 1-; -a ;<: oi : ci o S t-Hi^Of^-rco— ''-'t^^^. COCCCOC^rtt~OJ'->TJ 1^ ic CTi ^ -i ~ U 1"-: m "Vl^XCCrrtCTU'^OcOOO'^Cl'rrOC^iO Value town lots. Value of lands. • O li^ iC C^ Oi : -r lC X X' -T : i^ I- CO C-) i~ : o (M to o CO • rH X O CO CO "f: 00 •-1 ; o o c^ C'j o ICOOtOCntDOI^f— IrHOCOCCO^l^itao ;j; CO o tD X CO X CO lO lO CO 01 00 'T c3 r- -T rg C^3^— ii^LO,-iC;cox(Mir:ciOr-toi-i o^o^c^'^^utc^rjO'-iOcoco'MCiCiira Value agricultural im- plemeuts and tools cooo cc o "v oc o li^Tco co" cc »i7 1-1 ri '-c -^ ir- ci o ic fM n i^ CO '^ c^ C'l cni 30 -r o »0 T CC Cl ic't?' ^ Acres unimproved land.. • O • O to (M o ^- .-( CD (M (■* 00 :c to : i-( ,■ »f: cc c^ ci CO -^ f^ oJ i^ ci Qo o Acres improved land,,.. cv X :- -r X -.': ^ oi I • ^ ^ I- o ^ Ic 1- 2 c ^ ^^ *^ - Yj ^ C=:' "^ ^ C - T C c^ J •::; c; ■ « S 300 HISTORY OK M DONOUGII COUNTY. Value. ^xi o »c oi -r-j CO :c -T i^ o o cc ci - • ~ i^ Ci c^'D No. of wagons and car- riages i(t X tDiococotMTt l^ I-t iCU0irtOOO'^>C»-'tU0^OO«— lOiCCOO co»cooo^>c-n-i^t^ocorrir:c^oojoo> ir:; C4 00 -r t-* c^ DvCiO-OCOiX)'MiCiCOasiOQOt^U^ i'7I-^rri-iC0C^l-*t-^i-ltO-^OOt*-rf •^i-'DCO'-lt-ICOCOCO'^i-ti-KNC-lrHC^TrCO No. of cattle.. Value. O'^?xoiaii>'— C0(MC0O"V'^05ai0J'^ i-( 04 (N 1-1 I— IrH 00 00 I- O ^ OJ l^ GO C- GO CO o oSCTj" . 0* 'p IIIST(^RY OF m'dONOIGH COUNTY. 301 CHAPTER XXVIII. THE BAR OF THE COUNTY. In looking over the records of the Circuit Court ot this county, we observe the names of many practicing attorney's who have since become eminent in their chosen profession or in the afiairs of the State. AVe propose, in this chapter, to give a short sketch of some of these, giving first, the Judges; second, State's Attor- neys, and third, practicing attorneys. Jadge.^ of the Circuit Court. — MclJonough county is now in the Eleventh Judicial Circuit, but on the organization of the county and up to 1873, it was included in the Fifth Judicial Circuit of the State. Originally this circuit included all that part ot the State known as the "Military Tract,"* and extended across the northern part of the State, including the counties of Cook and JoDavies. The first judge of this circuit was the Hon. Eichard M. Young, who was appointed in the year 1828, and made his residence at Galena; afterwards in 1833, he resided in Quiney and remained in office till January 1837, when he resigned, having been by the legislature elected United States Senator for six years. Judge Young was a native of Kentucky, and was one of the first settlers of northern Illinois. He ranked high in his profession, and his counsels did much to shape the policy of the State. In his man- ners gentle, courteous and entertaining, which qualities rendered him attractive and popular. He was generous in his feelings and liberal in his views, and hence stood high in the esteem of all who had the pleasure of his acquaintance. He possessed a liberal en- dowment of intellectual ability and literary and legal acquire- ments, and these with his other qualifications, admirably fitted him for the post he was called to fill. Upon all with whom he came in contact he left a lasting and favorable impression. His course in the United States Senate brought him to general notice, 302 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. and lifter the expiration of his term he was appointed commis- sioner of the general land office, by President Polk. He also dis- charged the duties of other offices, at the city of Washington, with honor to himself and advantage to the country. The lion. James II. Ralston, a native of Kentucky, was elected by the Legislature in 1837 to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Judge Young, and in August of the same year he resigned on account of his health, with a view of going to, and living in, Texas, whither he went, but soon returned to Quincy, his former residence and resumed the practice of his profession. In 1840 he was elected State Senator. In 1846 President Polk ap- pointed him Assistant Quartermaster of the United States army, and he Avas ordered to report for duty to the Commandant of the Illinois Volunteers, then en route for Mexico. Having discharged the duties of his station faithfully during the war with Mexico, he returned home and soon after emigrated to California. The Hon. Peter Lott, a native of New York, was elected the successor of Judge Ralston, and continued in the office until January, 1841. He was subsequently appointed clerk of the cir- cuit court of Adams county, in which capacity he served until 1848, when he was elected to the same office under the provisions of the new constitution, and served until 1852; he then went to California and was appointed Superintendent of the United States Mint, in San Francisco, by President Pierce, and was re- moved in 1850 by President Buchanan, and afterwards moved to Kansas and lived in humble life. Hon. Stephen A. Douglas was elected Judge by the Legislature in 1841, and continued in office till August, 1843, when he re- signed, having been elected to Congress from the Fifth Congress- ional District. The life and career of this great man, is so well and widely known as to render any extended notice of him use- less. It is sufficient to say that the circumstances under which he entered upon the duties of the office were sufficient to thoroughly try the force and scope of his abilities. The circuit was large — the previous incumbent of the office had left the "docket" loaded w^ith unfinished "cases" ; but he was more than equal to the task. He "cleaned out the docket" with that dispatch and ability which distinguished his subsequent course; and so profound was the impression which he made upon the people, that, in the first congressional clectional which occured after he was estab- lished in his character as a judge, he received the nomination for HISTORY OF M'DONOUfiH COUNTY. o03 member of the lower house of Congress, and was elected thereto. Through the distinguished abilities which he displayed as a States- man, he received the appellation of the "Little Giant," and be- came the recognized leader of a great political party. In 1860 he received the nomination for the Presidency, but was beaten by Abraham Lincoln, his competitor for the United States Senate two years previous. On the inauguration of President Lincoln, and the subsequent withdrawal of the Southern States from the L^uion, and the war following, Mr. Douglas took strong union ground, and declared henceforth there could be but two parties in the county, patriots and traitors. In a few days thereafter he was taken sick and died on the third of June, 1861, sincerely mourned by the whole nation. But two men have ever been more sincere- ly mourned than Stephen A. Douglas — George Washington and Abraham Lincoln. Hon, Jessie B. Thomas succeeded to the office. He was ap- pointed in August 1813, and continued in it until 1845, when he resigned. Judge Thomas possessed high legal abilities and ac- quirements, and discharged the duties of the ofhce with honor to himself and to the satisfaction of the people. After his resigna- tion he was appointed to another circuit and soon after died. Hon. Gorman H. Purple was the next incumbent of the office. He was elected in 1845, and served till May 1849, when he re- signed. The probable cause of this was the insufficiency of sal- ary. The people of this district were anxious to retain him as judge and probably would but for the cause stated. He was dis- tinguished for high legal abilities and executive talents, and the office was rendered the more honorable by his having occupied it. Hon. Wm. A. Minshall was the next judge. He was elected in May, 1849, and continued in the office until his death, which was in October, 1851. Judge M. was a native of Tennessee, and came early into the State. He was an active and successful lawyer and attained distinction in his profession. Previous to his election as judge, he had been a member of the constitutional convention, and also a member of the State Legislature. Hon. O. C. Skinner succeeded Judge Minshall, and occupied the office from May, 1851, to May, 1853, w^hen he was elected to the supreme bench and remained there till 1858, when lie resigned. He was a sound, able lawyer and popular as a judge, an-e that no more writs should be issued against him and other Mormons on requisition from the Governor of Missouri on the old Missonri indictments ; and he succeeded. At least, such a paper was brought to him, Saturday night aboutone in the morning. Ford, I believe, denied that he signed such a paper. The parties engaged in securing the pledge were not particular how they got it, and may have forged it, or Ford may have been in a muddled condition when he signed the paper. The election of Hoge and Douglas depended on getting the pledge. They made three trips to Springfield be- fore they got the pledge that satisfied Joe, and as soon as lie was satisfied he at once sent messages to the commanding and faithful to support Douglas. They did support and elect him. "This is the real history of that campaign, so far as ^Ir. Walker was concerned. It was to him a campaign of mortification from the start. He was forced into it contrary to his wishes, and forced into it largely to get the Mormon votes; but after entering the contest he was denounced by Whigs all over the district ior try- ing to get the Mormon, and really lost more Whig votes in the district than would have elected him, simply because it was sup- posed that he could get the Mormon vote. "Cyrus was the oldest of a large family, aud contributed largely to the education of his brothers and sisters, and to starting them in business. Probably no man ever gave a larger share of his earnings than did Cyrus Walker to the education of his brothers, sisters and relations, to the church to which he belonged, and to benevolent purposes; besides the freeing of his slaves, which were twice as much in value at the time as all his other projierty amounted to.'" 0. H. Browning, Ex-Sectetary of the Interior, and Ex-United Senator. Archibald Williams, the leader of the Kepublican par- ty in the old 5th Congressional District, of which McDonough county formed a part, J. P. M. Buchanan, an able man, himself his worst enemy, W. C. Goudy, S. Corning Judd, W. H. Manier, B. T. Schofield, T. Lyle Dick}', present Judge of the Supreme Court, and others, have had a good practice in this county. The Present Bar. — The present resident representatives of tiie bar are no less able than those preceding them at any time in the history of the county. Among the number are several who eu- 312 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. joy a very large and lucrative practice, not only in our own court, but in the United States District Court, and in the Supreme Court of the State. As we give a list of attorneys in the business di- rectory of the various towns, it is unnecessary to repeat in this connection. HISTORY OF m'dOXOUGH COUNTY. 313 CHAPTER XXIX. RAILROAD BUSINESS Elsewhere we give the history of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Kaih'oad, therefore it is not necessary to give more than a passing notice in this place. Without disparagement to the others, this can be said to be the chief road passing through the county, its volume of business being larger, and its facilities far greater than its competitors. McDonough county subscribed $75,000 to aid in its construction, and no better investment has she ever made. There has been returned by the road in the shape of taxes, far more than the principal and interest of the subscrip- tion. By its aid the resources of the county have been developed to an extent that one can scarcely realize. Towns have sprung up along its line as if by magic, farms have been opened and factories have been set in operation, employing hundreds of hands, and the wealth of the east has been poured into our laps. George "VV. Smith, the lamented editor of the Independent, proph- esied in 1853 that we would almost double our population in ten years. In less than that length of time the population had not onl}^ doubled, but more than trebled. To-day w'e have six times the population we had then, and are constantly increasing. Opponents of the railroad told the people we had no use for it, as one train of cars would carry away all the surplus produce raised in the county in one year. Through the kindness of W. McCredie, Freight Auditor of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad, we present a table showing the shipments and receipts of this road for the period of time mentioned. Had it not been for the great Chicago lire in 1871, which destroyed the records previously made we should have given for the whole period ot time in which the road has been operated ; but enough is given to show the extent of the business. Reducing the num- ;i4 HISTORY OF M DONOUGH COUNTY. ber of pounds to cars wo find there has been shipped of flour, 153; wheat, 560; corn, 2,465; oats, 561; barley, 29 ; rye, 451 ; other freight, 0,058; coal, 18,926; cattle, 1,581; hogs, 3,343. AVe also find received in the same time in cars, lumber, 3,606 ; agri- cultural implements, 300; merchandise, 3,349; other freight, 4,352. Statement of Shipments oocr the Chicago, Burlington and Qtiiney Railroad from May i, 1871, until December 31, 1876.^^ station. Wheat, Corn, lbs. lbs. Oats, lt.s. Other grain, lbs. Cattle No. Hogs, No. Flour brls. All other Tonnage in freight. lbs. Prairie City.... Bushnell Bardolph Macomb 818,900 2,581,3i;0 1,095,010 5,092,044 38,400 1,087,575 499,000 10,110,210 7,7(18,440 11,440,170 8,886,701 1,381,210 2,695,370 1.6.56,390 1,770,984 4,398,110 .594.3,50 3,283,655 1,799,767 962,000 2,546,970 308,070 395,730 324,255 3,227 2,334 4,477 8,990 154 4,330 1,782 35,211 18,. 509 19,, 343 55,348 3,126 27,764 14,539 718 2,300 2,429 9,787 4,325,630 18,820,895 5,903,756 16,073,810 7,728,761 4,0.58,812 3,663,120 42,736,995 40,685,502 31,442,490 62,778,905 385,315,541 591,300! 529,325 177,720 300,680 22,129,242 Colmar 10,559,725 11,212,319,49,295,751 11,945,209 9,034,297 25,294 173,840 15,234 60,574,784 1 595,648,400 During the same period there was shipped coal from Bushnell. 441,000 pounds; from Tennessee, 3,762,500 pounds; from Colchester, 374,313,850 pounds: which does not include what was carried for use of company, which, with the amount taken by engines, was 120,000 pounds per day. Receipts' Daring the Same Period. station. Prairie City Bushnell Bardolph Macomb Colchester .. Tennessee .. Colmar Lumber, lbs. 7.750,0.38 14,115,5.35 3,akers, and opened a stock of general merchandise, the first ever opened in the county. HISTORY OF m'dOXOUGH COUNTY. 329 Strange as it may seem to us who now know the man, he was taken for a Yankee by the few people living in the vicinity, and who were principally, if not wholly from the State of Kentucky, and who hated a Yankee worse than a rattlesnake. At this time the office of clerk of the County Commissioner's Court was va- cant and it was found impossible to lind a man who would dis- charge the duties and was capable of tilling the office. The name of Mr. Campbell was suggested, when one of the commissioners swore no Yankee should ever hold the office with his consent. Assurance was given by Mr. Campbell that he did not belong" to this much detested race, when he received the appointment and held the office for fifteen years. In addition to the office of clerk of the Circuit and County Court, Mr. Campbell received the appointment from Governor Reynolds of County Recorder, ISTotary Public, and Judge of Pro- bate, the latter two of which he resigned after a short time. Heretofore McDonough county had been without a postoffice, the people of the entire county receiving their mail at Rushville, Schuyler county. Arrangements were at once made by Mr. C. to have the mail belonging to citizens of the county brought from Rushville to Macomb and delivered in his care, he assuming the payment of the postage, which at that time was seldom paid when a letter was posted and which was from six and a quarter to twen- ty-five cents on each letter. On receiving the letters he deposited them in his hat, and when inquiry was made for them, all that he would have to do was to remove his beaver and examine the con- tents. In the spring of this year (1831) a petition was sent to the Postmaster General praying the establishment of a postoffice in Macomb and the appointment of Mr. Campbell as postmaster. On the first of December a commission Avas received by him and the office established, the first in the county. This office he retained for fifteen years, save for about one quar- ter in 18-11, when he was removed and Geo. W. Damron ap- pointed. On learning of his removal, Judge Young, who at this time was a member of the United States Senate, made inquiries, and learning the cause of it, notified Mr. C, when evidence was taken and sent on disproving the charge made against him, and the postmaster general re-instated him.' In 1832, Mr. Campbell entered the service of the State under the call made bv the srovernor for volunteers in the Black Hawk 330 HISTORY OF M'dONOUGH COUNTY. war. lie was in the battalion raised by Major Bogart iu McDon- ough aud Warren counties, and was out during its entire service, receiving as pay the munificent sum of eighty-six cents per day for self and horse. Again, in 1846, he received the appointment from the President as Commissary of the 3d regiment, Illinois Volunteers, for service in the Mexican war. lie was only out about three months, when supposing the war virtually at an end, he resigned his position and came home, soon again to be honored with oftice by his fellow citizens, for in the following year we find him elected as a member of the Constitutional Convention which framed the Constitution adopted in 1848. He was a member of the committee on miscellaneous business in this convention along with Gen. Singleton and others. In 1852 he was elected to the State Senate and served in that office four years, during which time he was a member of the finance committee, the most impor- tant of the committees. Mr. Campbell has always taken great interest in political affairs, and has ever been outspoken in the expression of his views. He was a strong Clay man previous to 1832, at which time Mr. Clay made his celebrated speech against the pre-emption of public lands by actual settlers. This he could not stand, and therefore arrayed himself with the opposition, who he thought favored more the rights of the common people. Since this time we find him an earne&t aud consistent Democrat, contending more for principle than for policy, which at any special time might seem of the most importance. Honoring the party, he has in turn been honored, having, in ad- dition to the offices mentioned above to which he was elected by the Democracy, been a member of the County Central Committee more years than any other man. He has been a member of every State Coiwention but two since 1836 ;'he represented the Democ- racy of the State twice in National Convention ; at Cincinnati, in 1856, when James Buchanan was nominated for the Presidency, and in 1860, at Charleston and Baltimore, when Stephen A. Doug- las was nominated. He has served as member of the City Coun- cil and as a member of the Board of Supervisors several terms, and generally to the satisfaction of all his constituents. Mr. Campbell has been twice married ; the first time in August, 1831, when he was married to Miss Clarissa Hempstead, in St. Charles, Mo., and with whom he lived eleven years, she departing this life in 1842. In 1843 he again married, this time to Mrs. HISTORY OF M DONOUOH COUNTY. o6l Louisa F. Berry, a daughter of John Farvvell,and a sister of Glad- den L. Farwell, of Macomb. The fruits of the first marriage were two sons and four daughters, and of the second, three sons and one dausfhter, Ilis first chikl was the first lemale child born in the town of Macomb. As a husband and father, Mr. Campbell is kind and affectionate; as a citizen, public spirited ; as a neighbor, he enjoys the confi- dence and respect of all ; to the poor he is ever considerate, and the worthy subject of charity never goes from his door empty- handed. No kinder hearted man ever lived than James Morrison Campbell, and although he has his faults, as others, we do not be- lieve he would do aught to the willful injury of any. He is a man of strong, positive character, and therefore has made many strong friends and equally strong enemies, the latter being, so far as known, only political ; personally he enjoys the esteem of each party alike. He is a man that has ever had the good of the city in which he lives at heart, and has worked hard and sacrificed much for its prosperity. He built the first store building in the town, the first frame building, the first school house, and the first public hall. I^ow, in his old age, he is not engaged actively in any business, his entire means being invested in public buildings, from the rent of which he receives an income sufficient for the support of himself and family. We could say much in reference to this man, but as the history of this county, in a measure, is a history of his lite, and as frequent mention is made in this volume of his public acts, and many anecdotes are given, we forbear say- ing more in this connection. nON. TIIOMPSOX CHANDLER. The old pioneers of the county are fast passing away, but here and there yet remains one who labored much to build up and beautify this noble country of ours. Few men have worked more earnestly and toiled longer, and whose efforts have been better re- warded, than Judge Chandler, of Macomb; but, then, the Judge comes of a hardy race, being born among the hills of Xew Hamp- shire, in the town ofAlstead, October 25, 1805. His early life was not unlike thousands of others who passed through the com- mon schools, and with a few months in the academy completed their education. He remained with his parents on the old home- stead until after he reached liis majority, thus showing a filial affection to be commended. In the spring of 1812 he left his 332 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. native State and came west as far as Cincinnati, where be remained two years engaged in the mercantile trade with varying success. On the expiration of this time he thought to still better bis con- dition by yet removing still further west, and in that new country, lately opened to immigration, he might attain that success in life to which he aspired. Accordingly, in the spring of 1834, he lauded in Macomb, this county, where he has since continued to reside, an honored citizen and an esteemed friend, exhibiting in his life those traits of character which have rendered him so pop- ular among the people. For the first three years after his arrival in Macomb he engaged in the mercantile trade in company with the late William Richards, so well and favorably known among early settlers. His success in this business was as great as could be expected at that early day, when the settlers had little money and raised nearly all they ate or wore. Shortly after his arrival in Macomb he purchased the southeast quarter, section 86, Emmet township, and afterward the entire section, part of which he ob- tained for one dollar per acre and the balance for three dollars. The whole of the southeast quarter is now covered by dwelling- houses, from the humble cottage of the laboring man to the more palatial residence of the wealthier class, and is the finest part of the city of Macomb. From 1837 to the present time, a period of forty years, Mr. Chandler has been engaged in farming, save a period of one year while in California. In 1849, with many others, he took up his line of march to the new Eldorado, where he engaged for one year in mining and trading, having fair suc- cess in either operation, but experiencing enough of the hardships of the country in that time. On his return he again engaged in his regular calling, which, as remarked, he has followed to the present time. In addition to the regular work of the farm, he has for many years been engaged in raising stock, and was prob- ably the first in the county to take an interest in improving the breed. At every meeting of the McDonough County Agricul- tural Association since its organization, his herd of cattle has attracted considerable attention and almost every year he has taken one or more ])remiams on his display. In politics Afr. Chandler is now and always has been a democrat of the old school, in tiie years of his manhood voting with and working for the success of the democratic ticket. However oth- ers may have faltered in devotion to the principles of the old party he always remained firm, and through evil and good report he HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. 333 has labored for the success of the party. Honoring the part}', he has ill time been honored by it, in receiving the nomination and election to various offices of trust. He has filled in a satisfactory manner the offices of Trustee of the town, Alderman of the city, Justice of the Peace, member of the Board of Supervisors, and County Judge, in the latter office serving from 1853 to 1861, a period of eight years. No man that has ever occupied the office has discharged its duties in a more satisfactory manner. While in this office many cases of importance were tried before him, his decisions usually being accepted as final by contesting parties. As a niember of the 13oard of Trustees, Alderman or Supervisors' Court, he brought in the discharge of the duties of each the same unswerving desire to do right in all his public acts, having the in- terests of all his constituents ever before him, and laboring earnest- ly and zealously to promote the good ©f all. His popularity on this account has ever been great, and we have more than once ot- served that when his party desired an unexceptionable strong man they always brought out Thompson Chandler, and seldom has he ever been defeated. Many times has the large majorities of the opposition been overcome or reduced to an insignificant amount through reasen of his popularity. The cause of this will be men- tioned further on in this sketch. Judge Chandler was married on the third day of February, 1831, to Miss Lucy B. Towne, of Stodard, Xew Hampshire. Four children have they been blessed wnth — three boys and one girl. All are yet living save one, Albert B., the second son, who died on the fifteenth day of September, 1877, at the residence of his brother, G. C. Chandler, of Chicago. Albert B. had been sick for a long time with consumption, brought on, doubtless, by ex- posure. He was a hard-working, industrious young man, toiling early and late, with the laudable desire of adding to his posses- sions. His last sickness he bore with remarkable fortitude, and he passed peacefully away, surrounded by those who gladly would have relieved him of his sufferings. He was buried in Oakwood Cemetery, near Macomb, the funeral services being conducted by Elder G. "W. Mapes. Of those yet living, Solon F., the oldest, is engaged in farming and stock-raising near Macomb; Gardner C. is engaged in the wholesale hardware trade in Chicago, and has been doing a thriving business; Mary Almeda is the wife of Crosby F. Wheat, Esq., a leading lawyer of Macomb, and for some years County Attorney of McDonough county. 334 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. Judge Chandler is rather below the medium height, and although in the seventy-third year of his age is quite active, and in his younger days must have been extremely so. As a husband and father he is kind and indulgent, as a citizen he is enterpris- ing, as a friend and neighbor he is universally respected; few men have ever stood higlier in the estimation of his fellow-citizens. We have stated that he has always been popular -with the people, especially has this been the case with the poorer class, whose friend he has always been. Although having dealings with this class to a considerable extent, we have yet to hear of the first case in which he ever oppressed them in any way — many poor men owe their homes to his kindness and forbearance in not prosecuting his claims against them. It is therefore no wonder he is popular, and may he ever be so. JAMES CLARKE. ^ ■ ^ The subject of our present sketch was among the earliest settlers of our county, and for years occupied official positions that brought him before the people as much as any other man within its border. lie was born in Lincoln county, Kentucky, Septem- ber 26, 1797. His parents were John and Ann (Whitten) Clarke, Nj^ the father being a soldier of the revol utionary war. They were in very moderate circumstances, and when James was but a babe removed to A^ashington county, in the same State, engaging in the occupation of farming, their son assisting them as soon as he arrived at an age when he could bo of service, remaining at home until eighteen years of age, when he left to learn the trade of hat- ter, which trade he followed for some years. A few months at- tendance in the cojnmon schools was all the educational advantages that he ever enjoyed, but that little he made the best of in after life. The same general traits of character for which he was noted when more advanced in life was observable in youth. He was a quiet, steady and industrious boy, never engaging in any of the rude sports of the time, and of good moral habits. On the twenty-first day of May, 1818, a few months before reach- ing his majority, he was married to JMiss ^Luy Lewis, in Wash- ington county, Kentucky, with whom he lived happily a period of iifty-eight years, or until death called him away. Eleven children were born unto them, eight sons and three daughters, the latter, with one son, the eldest of the family, yet dwelling upon this side the river, the rest having passed over. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 335 Realizing the almost utter impossibility of the poor ever becom- ing rich, or even obtaining a respectable living in the old states, especially the slave states, Mr. Clarke determined on emigrating to Illinois, and in the year 1820, with his family, removed to Mor- gan county, in this State, where they remained but one year, and in the spring of 1830 came to this county. When he arrived here he found but few families, and only scattered settlements here and there. In the neighborhood of the present city of Macomb, where he settled, there were but two families, Elias McFadden, then living on the Hunter farm, south of town, and John Baker, living near where the Fourth Ward school house now stands. The county was without organization, all local business being trans- acted in Schuyler county, and the nearest postoflice being in Rushville, of the same county. In the summer after his arrival steps were taken to organize the county, Mr. Clarke being very active in the matter. In the first election he was elected one of the three County Commissioners, and was re-elected several times, serving, we believe, about eight years. He also served several years as Probate Justice. When a change was made in the gov- ernment of counties, by the constitution of 1848, he was elected County Judge, which office he held for four years. He was also a member of the first city council of JSIacomb, and for years Avas a Justice of the Peace of the county. In the discharge of his official duties he endavored to render satisfaction to all, and was always popular with the people. As Mr. Clarke is frequently mentioned in this work in connection with his public work, it is needless to say more in this place. (xil.'^-O DAVID CLARKE. David Clarke,.the son of John and Ann (Whitten) Clarke, was born on the 28tli day of September, 1799, in Washington County Ivy. Here he resided with his parents until after he reached his majoiity. At four years of age he was sent to one of the com- mon schools of his native count}', and continued going at intervals until he was eight, Avhen he was put to work upon the farm by his parents, who were in only moderate circum- stances, and here was kept at hard labor until he reached his ma- jorit}-. At sixteen he was permitted to attend school three weeks, which finished his education. When he reached his majority he placed himself under the instruction of a music teacher for some months, acquiring a pretty thorough knowl- 66b HISTORY OF M DONOUGH COUNTY. edge of the science of music, as taught in that day. As soon as he iii?ished. liis course, he adopted the teaching of music as a profession, and for three years he traveled constantly through the State engaged in that work. Iji early life he connected, him- self with the Baptist Church, and when only twenty-two years of age compiled a hymn book which he denominated "Clarke's Hymns." This book was adopted by the Baptists and several other denominations in iventucky, and continued in use for many years. Two large editions were issued and speedily sold. Many copies are yet in existence, and held as precious heirlooms by their possessors. On the twenty-fourth day of November, 1825, he was married to Eliza Swink Russell, daughter of Samuel Russell, in Green county, Kentucky. Samuel Russell was well known as one of the pioneers of this county. Twelve children were born unto them, four only of wdiom are now living, viz : Margaret M., wife of Corydon C. Chapman, Christopher Columbus, ^Samuel James, and Annie E., wife of Sidney S. Chapman. In the fall of 1830 he removed with his family to this county, where he has since resided, being well known to nearly every citi- zen, especially the older settlers. For many years in the early day he run a "tavern," which at that time was more of a public resort than the "hotel" of to-day. Here the people for miles around assembled to discuss the news of the time and to indulge in drink For four years he was town constable, and eight years a justice of the peace. Paring the first four years he was justice he tried over nine hundred cases, a very large docket at that time. lie was ever ready to render a decision, and as soon as a case on trial was finished, his judgment was rendered and recorded in his docket. Of all the cases appealed from his decision to the Circuit Court, he never had a judgment reversed. Few justices transact- ing the amount of business done by him can say as much. David Clarke is full six feet in height, well built, and has an excellent constitution. He is also a man of iron will— one that cannot be swerved from that he considers right. When he de- clares his intention of doing anything, if in the range of possibil- ities, it will be done. In the early part of 1811, while under the influence of intoxicating drinks, a habit which, unfortunately, had had grown on him previous to that time, he injured himself somewhat by a fall, when he vowed that he would never drink HISTORY OF m'dONOL'GII COUNTY. 337 another drop, which voav he has ever kept inviolate from that day to this, not even having partaken of a glass of lemonade — a glass of cider he wonld no more take than so much deadly poison. He is a radical temperance man, and not ashamed to own the fact. For a number of years he acted as Deputy Grand Worthy Patriarch for the State at large, of the Sous of Temperance, and has instituted a goodly number of divisions. In consequence of advanced age he does not now take that active part in the work as formerly, but his heart yet goes out in sympathy with every movement for the success of the temperance cause. CHARLES CHANDLER. History has long since established the fact that our best and greatest men are by no means confined to the ranks of those en- nobled by birth, or surrounded from childhood with every facility for education or moral and social culture. The linest natures are, indisputably, those who override with their latent force and mental power every obstacle, and aim, by virtue of their indomitable wills, to attain that honorable precedence among men, that, if conferred solely by the accident of birth, is far less the merit than the good fortune of its possessor. Charles Chandler, though descending from an illustrious family on both his father's and mother's side, has the pleasure of ascribing whatever good fortune that has been bestowed upon him, not by inheritance, but from his own personal exertions, the exercise of his own indomitable will. Coming to the county at an early day, and with very little means, he seized upon every favorable chance for the accumulation of wealth. Charles Chandler was born in Alstead, N". H., on the twenty- eighth of August, 1809. His parents were James and Abigail (Vilas) Chandler, the former being a native of New Hampshire, and the latter of Massachusetts. Mrs. Chandler died the twenty-ninth of November, 1854, aged seventy-nine years, and three years after, viz, on the eighteenth of November, 1857, Mr. Chandler departed this life, aged eighty-six years. The early life of Charles was spent with his parents upon the farm and in attendance upon the common schools of his native State, the only institution of learning that he was ever permitted to attend. When nineteen years of age he was permitted by his parents to go to Boston, Massachusetts, that he might enter a mercantile establishment, where he remained two years, becoming quite proficient in the sale of goods. At the ex- piration of this time he returned to the farm, and remained there 338 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUiNTY. one year, whenhe conceived the idea of coming AVest; accordmgh' he came as faras Cincinnati, ^vhere he remained two years, and from thence he came to Macomb, in this county, arriving in the spring of 1834. Those familiar with the county at that date will remember the town of Macomb contained about two hundred inhabitants, that three or four stores did all the business of the place, and that there were no farms upon the prairie at all, it being regarded as 80 much waste land. A brother of Mr. Chandler (Hon. Thomp- son Chandler) had preceeded him a few months, and was engaged in the mercantile trade in company with Mr. William Richards, under the firm name of Richards & Chandler. Mr. Chandler en- gaged with them as a clerk, continuing that relation for two years, a part of the time being with the firm of Messrs. Simpson & Miller. At the expiration of this time he went into business for himself as a merchant, but only continued one year, when he sold out and engaged in the real estate business, which he fol- lowed for some years with great success. In 1845, in company with Jonathan II. Baker, he again engaged in the mercantile trade, which relation was continued some two or three years, the firm doing a large and profitable business, on the old Campbell corner, Macomb. When he disposed of his interest in this estab- lishment he remained out of any regular business for a year or two, when he again embarked in the real estate trade. It will be remembered that about this time land was very cheap, the best improved in the county not bringing more than five dollars per acre. Although Mr. Chandler probably did not then dream of the county securing a railroad, with all its great advantages, he yet saw in the rich soil and fair climate of the Military Tract an inducement to settlement which in time would be seen and real, ized by all ; therefore he did not fear to invest his means in the purchase of every quarter that he could obtain. He well knew that in time the land would bring a high price in the market. That he was wise in this conclusion is proven by the result. When the great jS'orthern Cross, now Chicago, Burlington and (^uincy railroad, was built, land advanced at a rapid rate, settlers came into the country in great numbers, and his fortune was made. When the T., P & W. railroad was built it found Mr. Chandler the possessor of the greater part of Sciota township, and the rise in the value benefited him thousands of dollars. It cannot be said this gain was the result of luck. Far from it. It was the result of the far-sightedness of the man. Others had the HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 839 same opportunities and the means to purchase all that Mr. Chand- ler secured, but they reached forth no hand to secure the prize. His eyes were open to the main chance and he improved it. In all his real estate operations Mr. Chandler was eminently success- ful. No man was better adapted to the business. While engaged in this line of trade he got up a set of records to facilitate trans- actions in the purchase and sale of lands, whicli were of great service. On the fitteeuth day of December, 1836, Mr. Chandler was united in marriage to Miss Sarah K. Cheatham, daughter of Sam- uel G. Cheatham, Esq. Seven children were born unto them, three only of whom are now living, the rest, with the loved mother, passing on to the other side of the great river. Mrs. Chandler de- parted this life September, 1866, her loss being deeply felt by the husband and motherless children and by the entire community where she had resided, and endeared herself to so many hearts. She was a most exemplary member of the Church of Christ, in Ma- comb, showing forth in her life the fruits of the spirit, which are love, joy, peace, long suffering, gentleness, and brotherly kind- ness. She died fully trusting in the promises of the Lord, and in the sweet bj'e-and-bye she now awaits the coming of other loved ones. Of the children living, Martha Abagail Chandler, the eldest, is now the wife of Henry C. Twyman, Esq., a leading merchant of Macomb, and resides in that city. Charles Yilasco Chandler, the second child, was born January 25, 1843. He is now assistant cashier of the First National Bank, a leading business man of Macomb, and has held the office of City Treasurer for some years, and was two years a member of the Board of Supervisors of the county. He was in the army for the suppression of the rebellion, and was Adjutant of the 7Hth Regiment Illinois Volunteers. James Edgar Chandler was born March 20, 1850; is now assist- ant cashier of the Farmers' National Bank, of Bushnell, and one of the leading business men of that city, and has held several city offices. When the old Whig parly was in existence, Mr. Chandler gave it allegiance, and on the organization of the Republican party, he embraced its principles, and to the present time he has strenuously advocated them. During the war he took an active part in secur- ing enlistments and sending men into the field, being incapacitated 340 HISTORY OF m'doxough county. on account of age and bodily health from going himself to the front. For the services rendered, Governor Yates commissioned him as Colonel of State Militia, with power to raise a regiment for home service. Although never aspiring to public office, and the nature of his business being such as to incapacitate him for active political life, Mr. Chandler has frequently been honored by his party and friends with office, having served the county as Coroner for two years, and as County School Commissioner tor four years. In the city of Macomb he was Justice of the Peace for many years. Alderman two years, and Mayor of city one term. In each position he dis- charged its duties to the satisfaction of his constituents, bringing to bear upon every part of the work the same careful management that characterized him in the transaction of las own private busi- ness. If, in the management of his own affairs he never took; a leap in the dark, and always knew almost to a certaint}'^ the result of an investment ; if he was a close calculator and studied economy in his own business, he likewise was governed by these same prin- ciples in public affairs. Ko man in McDonough county would be more implicitly trusted in the management of its business than Charles Chandler. In 1858 Mr. Chandler embarked in the banking business in Macomb, and has continued in it to the present day. At this time, it will be remembered, many failures of bankers and other business men were occurring all over the country, yet notwith- standing, the people of the county reposed in him unl^ounded confidence and trusted him implicitly, depositing with him their means without fear that their trust would be betrayed. Hard times continued until the second 3'ear of the war. In 1861 the country was drained of its silver as well as of its gold, and suffi- cient change for the transaction of business could not be obtained. At this juncture Mr. Chandler issued several thousand dollars of "scrip" of the denomination of five, ten, twenty-five, and fifty cents each, which were readily received by the people everywhere, and we doubt not that to-day there is a small quantity of this cur- rency scattered throughout the country and held as a souvenir of the war. As a private banker Mr. Chandler continued until 1865, when a charter was obtained and a company formed for the or- ganization of a l^ational Bank. At a meeting of the stockholders he was unanimously elected its president, which position he yet HISTORY OF M DONOUGII COUNTY. 841 retains. Through careful and judicious management the bank has become one of the strongest in the State in proportion to the capital invested. During this same year of the organization of the First ]!^ational Bank of Macomb, Mr. Chandler, in company with John B. Cummings, started a banking house in Bushnell under the firm name of Chandler & Cummings. As a private bank this institution was continued until 1870, when it was orcran- ized as the Farmers' National Bank, Mr. Chandler becoming one of the largest stockholders and one of its directors. This house likewise maintains an excellent reputation. For some years the health of Mr. Chandler has not been orood which has necessitated his spending considerable time in travel. He has spent several winters in the Southern States, especially in Florida, and made trips to South America, Central America, "West India Islands, California, Mexico, and other places, and as might be expected has seen many of the wonders of the world. Even when away for health or pleasure, he has had his eyes open to the main chance and made some fortunate ventures. A word in regard to the ma?i. If we were writing for the pre- sent generation alone this would be unnecessary, as he is too well known by every citizen of the county. But we write for the fu- ture, for those who live after us, and therefore it becomes necessa- ry to speak of the inner life of those of whom we write, as well as of their public acts, describing each as they exist, that those who read of them ma}'' know the men that were instrumental in the organization and material prosperity of our county. Charles Chandler is about live feet six inches in height, and weighs about one hundred and sixty pounds. In personal appearance he is [a model of neatness, a face smoothly shaven and wearing apparel always in good taste. In the family circle he was always kind and indulgent to his children and grand children, treating them with a tenderness that begot love in their hearts. In public he pursues the same course, treating all with kind consideration. If approached for a favor he never rudely repulses if he cannot grant the request, but simply refuses in a manner that does not lower the dignity of the one asking it. To one that he considers worthy, he will assist with pleasure; therefore it is not to be wondered that he has many strong friends and few enemies. II— -J-J 342 HISTORY OF m'donough county. JOHN M. CRABB. The "Crabb settlement," five miles northeast of Macomb, is well known to every citizen of the county, and the members of the family comprising it, from whom it was named, are each pleasant and agreeable men, good citizens, enjoying the unqualified respect of all. John M. Crabb, the father of those bearing that name in the settlement, was born in Westmoreland county, ^'irginia, September 1, 1792 ; was the son of Daniel and Frances (Middleton) Crabb, who were both natives of England, but wlio came to this country prior to the revolutionary war, Mrs. Crabb was a sister of Arthur Middleton, one of the signers of the immortal declara- tion of independence, an instrument which brought freedom to three millions of people then living, and which has been kept in- tact until we now number over forty millions of beings, free in every sense of the word. To sign that instrument required not only patriotism, but courage of a high order, and this patriotism and this conrage we believe has been transmitted to all the lineal descendants of the family. John M., of whom we now write, was left an orphan at a very early age, his mother dying when he was but two years old, and his father some four years after. Thus, at the age of six, he was bereft of kind parents, the kind love of whom he never experienced. On the death of his father, he was taken by an uncle, Samuel Crabb, with whom he remained until the breaking out of the war ^of 1812. This uncle endeavored to do his whole duty by his lone- ly nephew, and doubtless succeeded as well as any but a parent oould succeed. Ilis memory was always held in grateful remem- brance by John. In that early day the school facilities of the country were very limited, and unless possessed of great wealth, few could obtain an education such as is now required of the youth of our land. Mr. Crabb, therefore, was only instructed in those branches taught in the common schools of his native State, but the will, power and determination to do of the man availed him much instead. When war M'ith Great Britain was proclaimed in 1812, Mr. Crabb, then in his twentieth year, was among the first to enlist. lie served his country faithfully as a private soldier for two years, proving that he came from good old revolutionary stock. For that service he received eight dollars per month and a land warrant at the close of the war. HISTORY OF m'dOXOUGH COUNTY. 343 lie was married to Miss Ann Flemine; hx whom he had ten children, tive sons, and five daughters, eight of whom remain up- on this side of the river of death, two, one son and one daughter, having passed on to the beautiful land beyond the grave. The mother, too, in April, 1851, joined the immortal throng above, dying in the full assurance of faith, having been a consistent mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal ('hurch, from the time she was fif- teen years of age until the day of her death, a period of 39 yeare. "Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord, yea, and from hence- forth they shall rest from their labors and their works do follow them." The memory of this excellent woman is revered by all who knew her, especiall}' do her children recall the kind and loving ways of that mother, who, in matters of discipline, was so ditferent from the father, and who always conquered their stub- born wills by the power of love, gently persuading where they could not be driven. O, the power of a mother's love, nothing can equal it, save the Savior's dying love as shown upon the cross. In 1828 Mr. Crabb with his family, then consisting of a wife and six children, moved from Virginia to Montgomery county, Ohio, thinking to better his fortunes in a newer countr\\ Here they only remained one year, when a change was made to Clin- ton county in the same State, where they continued to reside until the fall of 1836, when another change was made, this time to the regions of McDonough county, where the}- arrived on the four- teenth of iSTovember, 1837. For a few weeks they lived in the village of Macomb, when, leasing the east half of section 16, Macomb towhship, the family moved on this as soon as a house could be provided. The following spring, buying eighty acres of the same section, Mr. Crabb, with his boys, began tc till the soil, which for forty-one years has continued to 3'ieW bountiful har- vests. Xo other business did he ever follow than that of tiller of the soil, an occupation suited to his nature. Although he did not amass wealth, as did many, he added to his possessions from time until he had acquired sufficient means to render him comfortable while life should last. Up to his fifty-fourth year he continued to labor hard, after wdiich time he surrendered the laborious part of the work to his sons, who had grown up around him and who physically were able to endure the burdens and hardships of a farmer's life. AVhen he first settled on his place Abner AValker was the only neighbor he had, he living then about one mile east. The fever and ague was very common in the country at that 344 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. time and the family all enjoyed a touch of it. AVe have remarked that Abner Walker was the only neighbor. Vie might qualify it by saying human neighbor, for all around him were prairie wolves in great numbers, so bold they would come to his very doors and from the yard kill the fowls which he had provided. The annual prairie fires w^ere then very destructive and great care had to be exercised to prevent their crops and even buildings from being destroyed. Mr. Crabb, long before the grass would begin to dry, would have his entire fields plowed around to prevent the spread of the fire when it should come. In this way he saved himself from loss by prairie fires. John M. Crabb was a man about five feet eleven inches in height, weighing one hundred and sixty five pounds, cleanly shaven face, save for a short time before his death, when he suffered his beard to grow around his throat. He was possessed of great firmness of character, and with his children his word was law' ; when he com- manded, obey they must. He was very fond of amusements, especially out door kind, yet never carried his love of the ridicu- lous to excess. He believed there w^as a time and place for every- thing, and nothing approaching levity should be permitted where sobriety should be the rule. He always attended to his own busi- ness in his own way, neither asking or caring whether he suited others or not, though never doing that which would seem to be done intentionally to wound the feelings of another. For many years he was a consistent member of the M. E. Church, of which body his wife was likewise connected, having united while a citi- zen of Montgomery county, Ohio. The last congregation witli which he was connected was the one in Bardolph, this count}'. Mr. Crabb departed this life on the tenth day of November, 1865, being at the time seventy-three 3'ears, two months, and nine days old. He died at the old homestead, surrounded by his children, all of whom had reached man and woman's estate; all of whom were married, save one. Calling tliem around him, and speaking of his grand children he said, " Bring them up right." These were the last words he ever uttered, showing his great concern for the temporal welfare of each. He then passed peacefully away, joining his loved companion, who fourteen years previously had been taken from him, and, together with the glorified throng, sing- the song of redemption on the evergreen shore. Rev. John Mc- Ginnis, a former pastor, who was intimately acquainted with him, HISTORY OF m'dOXOUGH COUNTY. 345 preached the funeral sermon, and he was Laid quietly away in the home burial ground beside the bodies of other loved ones. DANIEL M. CRABB. Daniel M. Crabb, the eldest son of John M. and Ann Crabb, was born in Frederick county, Virginia, on the fourteenth day of JSTovember, 1823, and when five years old removed with his pa- rents to Ohio, from which place they came to McDonough county, where they arrived on the thirteenth birth day of the subject of our present sketch. From that time to the present he has been a citizen of this county, living in the well known Crabb Settlement, in Macomb township. His entire life has been that of a farmer, having never engaged in any other occupation. Previous to his arrival in Macomb he attended the common schools of Ohio, and after his arrival in this county, went for a short time to the old "Prairie school," near the present residence of Pat. Laughlin, Esq., three miles north ot Macomb, and about the same distance from his fathers residence. On the sixth day of March, 1850, Mr. Crabb, was married to Miss Kebecca h^. Hampton, with whom he lived ten years, she dy- ing in 1860. Mr. Crabb was again married on the sixth day of March, ]86l', to Miss Mary E. Bards, with whom he yet happily lives. Three children blessed the former union, and one the pre- sent, all of whom are yet living. About the year 1841, Mr. Crabb made a profession of religion and united with the M. E. Church. In 1871, he changed his church relations by uniting with the Evangelical Lutheran church, at present located in the city Macomb, his wife also uniting with that congregation, though she had for several years been a de- voted member of that zealous body of christian people. Mr. C. now occupies the position of Trustee in that church. ])aniel M. Crabb is a little below medium height, but well and strongly built, black hair and beard, dark complexion, strong will and quick temper, which he has well under control. In the family circle, he is very pleasant and agreeable and neighborly with all. 1^0 man in his neighborhood is esteemed more highl}'^, and is ex- pected to lead in all matters pertaining to the welfare of his neigh- borhood and township. J. B. CUMMINGS. Among the representative men of McDonough county, the sub- ject of our present sketch stands prominently. His parents were 34G HISTORY OF .m"j)ONOUGII COUNTY. James and Kachel (Hall) Cummings, natives, we believe, of the State of Maryland, where in Cecil county, of that State, was born John B. Cummings, on the seventeenth day of January, 1824. His early life was spent upon a farm, and in the private or select schools of his native State and Ohio, to which latter place the family removed on the death of his father, which occured in the early part of the year 1837. The family settled in Harrison county, of this latter State, where they remained three years, go- ing from thence to Butler county, Pennsylvania,. After settling up affairs, on the death of his father, but little was left, and the support of the family fell upon John and an older sister, the latter engaging as a teacher, while John secured a place as clerk in a dry goods and grocery store, which occupation he followed for some years, or until enabled to go into business for himself, Mr, Cummings has been twice married; first to Miss Evaline E. Pearson, in Butler county, Pennsylvania, in the year 1847; second to Mrs, Mary E. Parkinson, of Macomb, the latter event taking place in 1864, By his first wife he had six children and one by his last. The first Mrs, Cummings died in Macomb in 1862 beloved by all who knew her. In 1851 Mr. Cummings came to the "Great "West," as then called, and took up his residence at Macomb, in this county, where he resided until his removal to the city of BuslmcU in 1865, Shortly after coming to JMacomb, in company with Mr. John B, Pearson, he purchased the stock and good will of Messrs. Randolph & Parkinson in the dry goods and grocery trade, con- tinuing the same, with some changes, until 1857, when he retired from the firm that he might accept the position of clerk in the newly established banking house of Charles Chandler & Co., which position he retained until his election to the office of Clerk of the Circuit Court of McDonough county in 1860. At this elec- tion he ran for the office against William T. Head, one of the most popular men in the county, receiving a small majority, not- withstanding the county had never previously given a majority in favor of the party to which Mr. C. belonged. Mr. Head not content with the result, contested the election, but the court, before whom the ease was tried, decided in Mr. Cummings' favor. At the expiration of his term of office he removed to Buslinell, and in company with Charles Chandler, started a private banking house under the firm name of Chandler & Cummings, Mr, Chand- ler residing in Macomb and being engaged in a similar enterprise. HISTORY OF m'doxougii countv. 347 the business of the Bushiiell firm was conducted by Mr. Cum- mine^s alone. In 1871 a charter was obtained for a National Bank, the firm invested their means in the same, and, together with other parties, organized the Farmers' National Bank, with Mr. Cum- mings as cashier and general manager, which position he yet re- tains. On his removal to Bushnell, with his accustomed zeal, Mr. Cum- mings at once entered upon the work of promoting the interests of that go-ahead young town — no public enterprise but what se- cured his hearty and active co-operation. On the organization of the town as a city, in 1869, he was elected its first Mayor, and three times has since been re-elected, serving his constituents in a manner to secure the approval of the great majority. In 1873 he united with the Keformed Church in Bushnell, and shortly after was elected to the Superintendency of its Sunday School, which position he yet retains. In this field of Christian labor, he takes considerable interest, and has the reputation of being a very capable and efficient superintendent. John B. Cummings is a man about five feet seven inches high, slender proportions, black hair, tinged with gray, rather thin beard of the same color, a good mathematical head, and is a good judge of human nature. A.s a financier he has no superior in the county — the aftairs of the bank with which he is connected, and of which be has had the management for thirteen j^ears, has been carefully and judiciously managed, both for the best interests of its stockholders and depositors. No complaint, to our knowledge, has ever been made against him by stockholder or patron. In business hours he is always found at his place of business, giving attention to its minutest details, and with a desire to render satis- faction to all who may favor the bank with its patronage. While Clerk of the Circuit Court of this county he gave the same gene- ral care to the details of that ofiice. Having business to transact with hundreds throughout the county, he treated all in a way to secure their friendship and good will. Although beaten for the same office in 1864, it was not on account of the loss of any per- sonal popularity, but from causes resulting from the war. In the discharge of his duties as Mayor of the city of Bushnell he has en- deavored to be impartial in all things, worlcing for the best inter- ests of the place. In the expenditure of money, while he would manage all things economically, ho would nc^tbe niggardly in any 348 HISTORY OF iM'dONjUGH COUNTY. matter. In the cause of education lie has been a consistent advo- cate of our public school system, and believes in making the same general improvement in this department as in all others. In the erection of the school building, which is now the pride of Bush- nell, he took an especial interest, and to him more than any other man is due the building of the same. In private life Mr. Cum- mings is a kind friend and neighbor, enjoying the respect of all ; as a husband and father, he is kind and gentle, inspiring the love and contidence of his entire family. B. A. DUNCAN, M. D. Dr. B. A. Duncan, son of Jonathan and Leatha Duncan, is of Scotch, Irish and English descent, and was born April 6, 1825, in Frankfort, Washington county, Pennsylvania. But little is known of his family, or of his early history, except that his father gave him such an education as would fit him for the medical profession which he had chosen for his life work. His preparatory medical studies were conducted under the tutorship of Dr. Alexander McCandless, of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, graduating from the Medical College, in the same city, in the year 1845. In 1849, he came to Illinois and settled in McDonough county, on the site of the present village of Industry. At that time this flourishing village was comparatively a wilderness, wild game of all kinds w^ere abundant, and the dwellings few and iar betw^een. But here was a good and favorable opportunity for one with will and deter- mination to secure a competency for himself and make a name honored among men. As the country grew in population and in wealth, the practice of Dr. Duncan kept pace with it, and became very extensive, his success in all branches of his profession being good. Few physicians had a larger practice and none were more highly respected and trusted by the people. lie w^^s for many years a member of the McDonough county Medical Association and in its meetings took great interest. For thirty-two years of his life, his wliole time was spent in study and in the practice of his profession, with the exception of a few months in the service of his country as a member of the 138tli regiment Illinois Volun- teer Infantry. In this regiment he enlisted as a private in Co. A, Captain McClenahan, of Monmouth, and was assigned to duty as Hospital Steward. Dr. Duncan has been twice married. First, with Miss Julia Standard, on the tenth day of May, 1845, by whom he had three HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. o49 children, viz., Jonathan, Fleetwood and Thomas, the first named suffering a violent death, on the 29th of September, 1867, at the age of fourteen. Mrs. Duncan died of consumption on the first day of November, 1863. The doctor's second marriage was on the eighth day of November, 1864, with Miss Martha Merrick, who still survives him. By this last marriage there were six children born unto them, all of whom are yet living. In 1856 the doctor made a profession of religion, and united with the Presbyterian Church, but for some reason did not long remain in connection with that body. Although his relations with the local congregation was severed, he never denied his Master, but continued to manifest an interest in the work of the Lord's vine- yard, and when professional duties would admit, was always pres- ent in the Lord's house, and was a co-laborer and worker in the cause of Christ. In his last illness he conversed freely with all on the subject of religion, his hope of receiving the crown of life brightening as he neared the end, and often did he express a de- sire to depart and be at rest. His disease was rather obscure and very complicated, while his sufferings were intense, but he endured it all with remarkable patience for eight months, closing this life on the thirty-first of March, 1877. The funeral services were con- ducted by the Rev, J. S. Budd, pastor of the M. E. Church, as- sisted by the Kev. J. L. Towner, of the Christian Church, and took place at his late residence. Although the weather was very inclement, a large congregation assembled to pay the last tribute of respect to a kind husband, a loving and indulgent parent, and esteemed citizen and friend. By his request, Mrs. Duncan was appointed Administratrix, a position which by education and natural business tact, she is well qualified to fill. Under her care, the property left for her benefit, and of the fatherless children, will not be squandered. Few men in any community ever had the opportunity of being better known than Dr. B. A. Duncan. Coming to the country when it was new, and growing with it, and for many years being the only physician in the neighborhood, there was probably not a family in Industry township but what at some time he visited as a professional man. It is therefore not wonderful that his death was mourned by many sympathizing friends, who knew and loved the man for his many good qualities of head and heart. But the loss of the family and friends in his gain. "Blessed are 350 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. the (lead who die in the Lord; yea and from henceforth they shall rest troni their labors and their works do follow them." CAPTAIN S. A. EPPERSON. The parents of the subject of our present sketch were James II. and Martha (Osborne) Epperson. They were hard-working, industrious, and honest people, respected by all who were ac- quainted with them. 8. A., their second son, of whom w^e now write, was born in Greencastle, Ind., on the tenth day of October, 1837. AVhen but three years of age his parents removed to Mar- shall, Clark county, 111., where they remained but one year, when they continued their journey farther West, stopping in Iowa City, in the then territory of Iowa. Here they remained until the death of the mother, which occurred in 1845. The elder Epper- son then took his eldest son, John L., and went to the lead mines of Wisconsin, leaving S. A. in the care of a couple named Hill, where he remained about three years, experiencing many hard- ships, the memory of wdiich will never be obliterated while life shall last. JSTearly all the educational advantages enjoyed by S. A. were in attendance upon the common schools of Iowa City, which at that time were not the best, the town containing about one dozen fam- ilies when they moved there. Among the number then living in the place were some that have since obtained some eminence in the councils, of State and ISTatiou; Professor Ilarlau, afterward United States Senator and Secretary of the Interior, being one of the number. In 1849 the elder Epperson moved to the State of Kentucky, taking with him his two children, remaining there some two years, wdien he returned to Illinois, settling on the southwest quarter of section nine, in the township of x^ew Salem, which was his home until his removal to Bushnell, which occurred in 1868. S. A. accompanied his father both to Kentucky and on his return to Illinois, remaining with him and engaging in the la- bors of the farm until the year 1858, when the excitement ran high about the discovery of gold in Pike's Peak. To this new Eldorado he determined to go, and in the fall of that year went as far as Henry county, Missouri, w^here he remained during the winter following with an uncle living there. In the spring of 1859 he drove a herd of cattle to Independence, Missouri, and there he hired to take a drove on to Nebraska City, the starting point of HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. 351 the overland journey. Discouraging news from the I'eak caused him to abandon the trip, and he joined a train sent out by Majors Russell and Waddle, treighting government supplies for the sol- diers at Camp Floyd, and drove across the plains, and was gone some six months. The firm with which he engaged stipulated in the contract with their men that they were not to drink any in- toxicating licprors, play cards, or use blasphemous language. This was the lirst temperance pledge Air. Epperson ever took, and we are pleased to record the fact that he has observed it ever since. lie has stated to us that iu the train with which he was connected were men of all grades iu society, but yet each lived faithfully to his pledge, knowing their wages depended upon its observance. Xoffrouble of any kind was experienced on the journey, while neighboring trains which allowed the vices prohibited in this to be indulged in, rows were of frequent occurrence. This shows the good effect of wholesome moral law. Success in the mines not equalling anticipation, Mr. Epperson, at the expiration of the time previously mentioned, returned to the States, and for the year following resided in southwest Mis- souri, passing the time in attending school and laboring on a farm. In the summer of 1830, he returned home and labored somewhatin the campaign resulting in the election of Abraham Lincoln to the presidency. In the fall and winter of 1860-61, he read law and taught school, and in the spring following again engaged in farm- ing, continuing in that pursuit until his enlistment in the war of the rebellion, which occured in August following. On the first day of that month he enlisted as a private in Company L. 7th Il- linois Cavalry, and was mustered into the service as Second Lieu- tenant on the third day of September, and on the 12th of Decem- ber, Avith the regiment, Co. L left Camp Butler, near Springfield, for the front. The regiment went immediately into active ser- vice, and none performed duty more faithfully'' that it. While stationed at Jacinto, Miss., Lieutenant Epperson was promoted Captain of the company, over its First Lieutenant, which position he retained until mustered out at expiration of term of service, ISFovember 12, 1864. InGrierson"s raid, from LaGrange, Tenn.,to Baton Ivouge, La., Co. L, under command of Captain Epperson, rodtT eight hundred miles in sixteen days. While stationed at Colliers- ville, Tenn., the place was surrounded by the enemy one Sunday morning, and Captain Epperson, with some thirty others, was taken • prisoner, the men being dismounted at the time, and completely sur- • 352 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. rounded were captured and taken to Grenada ; here he was held as a hostage for a rebel officer under sentence of death by our force, which certainly did not add to the pleasure of his captivity. But he made up his mind, if possible, he would effect his escape, and the opportunity offering, he bid good bye to his captors with- out reluctance, and broke for the Union lines. He was ten days in the swamps making his way to where the Union troops were stationed, suffering much in the journey. It was just thirty days from the date of his capture until he returned. For meritorious conduct he was breveted Major. Receiving a furlough, Captain Epperson returned home, and on the third day of May, 18G4, was united by marriage with Miss Lodemice Downey. On receiving his discharge. Captain Epperson returned home and again engaged in farming, but on account of disability re- ceived while in the service of his country, was compelled to aban- don it. Politically Captain Epperson is a staunch Kepublican, the prin- ciples of that party being dear to him, but he is independent in expressing his opinion in regard to the policy that should govern the party in its actions. Twice has he been elected member of the Board of Supervisors ot the county, serving his constituents in a faithful and upright manner, hi 1867 he received the nomi- nation for County Treasurer, against Sydnor H. Hogan, a very popular Democrat, and although defeated, he ran largely ahead of his ticket. In the last Congressional Convention he was sup- ported by the delegates from this county, as their candidate for nomination, but local and other inliuences caused his defeat. In the spring of 1868, Captain Epperson moved to the city of Bushnell, where he yet resides. For two years he read law in the office ot M. A.Luce, and was admitted to the bar in the spring of 1869, shortly afterwards becoming a partner of M. A. Luce, which arrangement was continued two years. In 1869 he received the ap- pointment of Postmaster, which office ho yet holds. In 1873 he abandoned the law, purchasing an interest in the Bushnell Pe- cord, and in about one year, had the entire control of the paper. This publication he yet continues. Captain Epperson is of medi- um height, light complexion, is sociable, and one whose enemies, if any, are all on account of political differences. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 353 JOHN L, EPPERSON. John Lowry Epperson, son of James II. and Martha Jane (Os- borne) Epperson, was born in Lafayette, Indiana, November 6, 1834. His parents were both Kentuckians by birth, emigrating from that State to Indiana at an early day. When John was but a mere lad they again moved, going to the territory of Iowa, making their home in Iowa City. Here the mother died, leaving two children to the care of the bereaved husband and father. Mr. Epperson, taking his son John with him, proceeded to the famous lead mines, in Wisconsin, where he remained three years, from whence he removed to Table Grove, Fulton county, where he only remained a few months, returning to his native State of Kentucky, where he remained three years, and then coming to this State, settling in the present township of Xew Salem. Mr. Epperson has ever since been a citizen of this county, and Fulton county, one duly respected by those who are acquainted with him. All the educational advantages enjoyed by the subject of our present sketch was in the common schools of the then territories of Iowa and Wisconsin. Farming has usually been his means of employment, though he has engaged to some extent in other busi- ness. For seven years he spent his time in teaching in the pub- lic schools, six years ©f the time in one school house, which cer- tainly speaks well for his talent in that direction. At present he is the railroad station agent at Adair, having occupied the posi- tion since the completion of the Rockford, Rock leland and St. Louis Railroad in 1870. In politics Mr. Epperson has always been a Democrat of the old Jeftersonian school, but at present affiliates with the Inde- pendent party, the views of which upon the financial question coincide with his own. For lour years he was Justice of the Peace and Supervisor in Farmers' township, Fulton county, and for the same length of time held the latter office in Xew Salem township, McDonough county. In the latter township he ran and was elected on the Democratic ticket, notwithstanding it is one of the strongest Republican precincts in the county. In Ful- ton county, the first time he ran, he had opposition, but the three years following had none, all of which certainly speaks well for the personal popularity of the man. As a member of the Board of Supervisors he made one of its most efficient members. In 1876 he was nominated by the Independents for the Legislature 354 HISTORY OF Ji'dONOUGII COUNTY. without his kno^vleclge or consent, and having no idea whatever of receiving the intended honor. He made no canvass, having no hope of being elected and caring little, but, much to the surprise of himself and friends, ran far ahead of his ticket, proving con- clusively that he could have been elected had the effort been made. Although he has repeatedly been honored by his political asso- ciates and friends, he h.as never sought ofhce, and not often was present in a convention wliere he received the nomination. The ofhce has invariably sought the man and not the man the ofhce. During the dark da3's of the rebellion he was arrayed upon the side of the Union, and, showing his faith by his works, we find him in the summer of 1862 marching to the front, as a member of Co. L, 7th Illinois Cavalry. Our readers well know the record made by this gallant regiment, and none bore themselves with more gallantry than this same Company L, and no man of the company endured more hardships or fought more bravely for his country than John Lowry Epperson. On the eleventh day of December, 1856, he led to the marriage altar Miss Sarah C. liine, with whom he yet lives a happy and contented life. Six children have they been blessed with, three ■only of whom remain to add joy and gladness to their parents' heart, three having been called "over the river" to dwell in the better land. Mr. Epperson, among his friends and acquaintances, enjoys the reputation of being a kind, sociable and pleasant neighbor. Although at present not connected with any religious body, he leads a strictly moral life, lending his aid and encouragement to all good word and works. It is said of him that he never swore an oath, never drank intoxicating liquors, nor yet ever belonged to a temperance society. He is a man that thinks much of home, and enjoys the comforts and pleasures of a home lite. Taking all in all, he is a man well qualilied by nature and education to be a representative man in McDonough county, and worthy of a place in its history. THOMAS FULKERSOX. The county of ^IcDonough has given birth to many noble men and women, but none more highly honored than the subject of our present sketch, Thomas Fulkcrson, who was born in Hillsgrove, about three miles from the present town of Tennessee, on the twenty-second day of February, 1834. Ilis parents were James HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY 355 and Elizabeth 11. (Waddell) Fulkersoii, natives of the state of Tennessee, where they were married, and from whence they re- moved to McDonough county in 1832, settlinf^ upon Sec. 29, 5 X,, 4 AV., now Tennessee township. At the birth of Thomas they were in moderate circumstances, having considerable land, though with but little mone3\ The early life of Thomas was spent on a farm, working in tlie summer and attending school in the winter. For a number of years he enjoyed the instructions of Isaac Holtou, who taught a High School at the Grove, and whose memory is held in grateful remembrance l)y citizens in all the country roundabout. He then attended the McDonough College, at Macomb, an institution whose history is given elsewhere in this work, and where he re- mained two years, acquiring therein a pretty thorough education in the sciences. He has always been a great reader and has there- fore kept abreast with the times in general knowledge. This fact has had much to do with his manner of life. The faculty of be- nevolence is well developed in him, and he can seldom say "no" to a friend (enemies he has none) when a favor is asked of him ; therefore, when a neighbor has a work to perform requiring close calculation, he calls upon Thomas Fulkerson ; if a man dies, leav- ing an estate to be settled, Thomas Fulkerson can attend to that; if a piece of work is required to be done in the neighborhood, necessitating a considerable outlay of time, with very little remu- neration, Thomas Fulkerson can do it; and thus it goes. Duties devolve upon him that no one else can or will attend to. Like his father before him, he is a farmer, but probably more from circumstances than choice. As his father grew old, the labors and responsibilities of the farm began to devolve upon Thomas, and when the senior Fulkerson died, he left to him the old homestead, on which he still continues to reside, his aged mother and sister residing with him. ISTo other place daring the forty-three years of his life was lie ever called home, and doubtless upon the old place he will re- main until called to occupy a mansion in that other world, which is prepared for the true and faithful in this. When but an infant, the waters of baptism was placed upon his brow by Rev. Peter Cartwright, of blessed memory. This old disciple was in attendance at a camp meeting in a grove in the vicinity of his parent's residence, when they present- ed him for baptism. When but sixteen years of age he was ..•,- 356 HISTORY OF M'DOXOUrill COUNTY. ceived into full fellowship in the Methodist Episcopal Church, with which body he yet retains his membership. He has always been active in the Lord's cause, makiiisr a diligent use ot the tal- ents committed to him. In 1859 he was elected Recording Stew- ard, of the Colchester circuit, which office he has ever since held, and during the entire time has never missed but one quarterly meeting. Few officers, we opine, can show as good a record. In the Sabbath School work he has always labored with zeal, begot- ten of knowledge. From a youth up he has been a constant at- tendant upon the Sabbath School, and whether as a scholar, a teacher or superintendent, he has ever attended faithfully to his duties. At present heisthe efficient teacher of the Bible class in the Hillsgrove Sunday School. Like hundreds of others raised in this count}", Mr. Fulkerson passed through many trials. In the early day the lirst duty de- volving upon the young boy was to go to mill. lie was first taught the way, and when even too young, or with insufficient strength to hold the sack of grain upon the horse, it was tied on, and he then placed upon the horse's back, was sent on his way. This duty was given the youngest, for the reason they were often compelled to wait many hours to have their grain ground, the capacity of the mills being; so small the millers would make a rule " first come, first served." The time of the older ones upon a farm was thus saved, and their labor obtained. The destructive prairie fires in the spring were such as to create apprehension in the minds of all, and among the earliest recollections of him of whom we write was of fighting fire to prevent its approach to their cabin and grain. The moral training received by Thomas Fulkerson was excel- lent in the extreme. His father being a consistent and zealous member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and having a deep reverence for the word of God, inculcated in the young mind of his son the fact that "the fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom," and also that excellent motto "honesty is the best pol- icy." The instruction received in youth, and its application to his daily life, he has ever since retained. JSTow, while in the prime of life, we find him honored by all who know him, his word at all times being considered as good as his bond, and it being the uni- versal verdict of his neighbors that no more honest man exists than Thomas Fulkerson. Everybody respects the man for his sterling worth. For some years he has administered more estates than any man in the western portion of the county, if not in its IIISTOKY OF m'dONOUGH t'OUNTV. 357 whole length and breadth. In his hands it is well known that every penny will be accounted for and )io one will ever be wronged out of a cent. As a politician Mr. Fulkerson makes no pretensions, but, like the true man that he is, has his views and is not afraid to main- tain them. His political views coincide with those of the Repub- licans, and the principles of that party have ever been dear to him. During the war, while he did not enter the field, he exer- cised a wholesome influence at home, and no more loyal man could be found than he. When the "GraLge" movement was organized he went into the movement, and in the Grange with which he is connected is an active worker and has been its secretary during the entire period of its existence. He is also the purchasing agent of that body, and during the past year has transacted a business amounting to a total sum of $30,000. Few mercantile houses in the county transact a larger volume of trade. Having the confidence of the entire community the people are not afraid to trust him with their orders. JOHN D. MAINLINE. Few men are better known in Emmet township than the sub- ject of our sketch — John Hunford Hainline, who for a period of thirty-eight years has made his home on section six. His parents were George and Flora (Cockerel) Hainline, the former a Ken- tuckian by birth, being born in Fayette county of that State, while the latter was a Tennessean, but raised in the same county in Kentucky as her husband. John D,, their son, was born in Montgomery county, Kentucky, on the seventh day of Septem- ber, 1817. His mother for years made all the clothing used by the entire family, while his father endeavored in his way to pro- vide for their wants in tilling the soil. The implements that he used for this purpose would make the 3'oung farmer of this coun- try stare in wonder and amazement. Just think of using a plow made entirely of wood, dr^^wni by a horse wearing a collar made of bark, stuffed with husks of corn ! But such was the way the work was performed, and yet all managed to live. John was a great lover of amusements, and w^ould go to as great leiigth to gratify his desires in this line as any in the land. Coon and pos- sum hunting were among the chief means of diversion, occasion- ally varied by visiting the pretty girls of the neighborhood. The 11—23 358 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. only educational advantages he received were in attending a school two months each winter for about seven years, in an old log school house, where, on an old slab seat, he was compelled to sit from morning until night. For a window a log was removed, and greased paper was placed over the hole made by its removal. The branches taught in this school Avere "reading, 'riting and 'rithnia- tic." Xot a grammar or geography was ever seen it in. Not- withstanding the love of fun which predominated in young Ilainlinc, he was in youth quite steady, the result of the training received from his parents, who were quite strict in their govern- ment. In 1836, when but twenty years of age he led to the hymenial altar Miss Margaret Ann Douthit, and two years thereafter em- igrated to McDonough county, settling in Emmet township. By her he had eleven children, eight of whom 3'et live, one son George L. being killed at Bentonville, N. C, during the late war. This son was a member of the 16th regiment and was among the first to enlist in the defense of his country. James Lewis llainline, a nephew, but who was raised by Mr. H, enlisted at the same time, was wounded at Bentonville, and died in Missouri some time in 1866. Mrs. llainline died Xov. 3, 1869. About one year after, Mr. llainline was again married, this time to Miss Amanda J. Purdy, with whom he yet lives. One hundred acres of the farm of Mr. llainline, was purchased by him on his arrival in the county for the sum of S700. The land was improved, and the price paid was considered ^very high at that time. Other land adjoining w^as afterwards pur- chased for ten dollars per acre. The farm is now one of the most valuable in Emmet township. In his day Mr. llainline has been a very stout and robust man, and has never, during his entire life, been confined to his bed by sickness but two weeks. The cares of the world never seem to trouble him in the least; he never worries or complains. Having, by his own industry, laid up for himself a sufficient amount of worldly goods to enable him to live comfort- ably, he passes along through life in a contented manner. On his land are found veins of excellent coal, which have but recently been discovered, and from which, during the past year (1876), about 15,000 bushels of coal were taken. This being the only coal mine in that section of country, will eventually make the land very valuable. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 359 111 politics Mr. llainline was originally an old line AVhig, but when the old party disbanded he affiliated for a time with the American party. In 1858, when Lincoln made his celebrated cam- paign with Douglas for the Senate, a campaign of national import- ance, he voted the Republican ticket, and ever since has been an earnest supporter of its men and measures. On the accession of Lincoln to the Presidency in 1861, when war w^as proclaimed, his whole influence was exerted in the cause of freedom and union, and two of his sons (all that were old enough) he sent forth to bat- tle for their country, one of whom, as previously stated, laid down his life in its defense, the other returning at the close ot the war to receive honors from his fellow-citizens. He is one of the edi- tors of the well known Macomb Journal. Mr. llainline has never made a profession of religion, but has endeavored to live a strictly moral life, although we believe no man would resent an insult quicker than he. In his neighbor- hood, and among those with whom he is acquainted, he is highly respected. W. H. HAINLINE. Wm. II. llainline was born in Emmet township, McDonough county, July 29, 1841, and has been a continuous resident of the county from that date, and therefore may be classed as an old settler. His parents were John D. and Margaret A. llainline, who immigrated from the State of Kentucky at an early day,the father yet residing upon the old homestead in Emmet township. The subject of this sketch spent his childhood and youth upon the farm, his life being varied by work in the summer and attendance upon the district school in the winter. "With the exception of three months his entire schooling was received in one district. Until eighteen years of age he continued to work for his father. At that time the country was excited by the discovery of gold in Pike's Peak, when he persuaded his father to let him seek his for- tune in that new Eldorado. Going to the Peak, he labored about three weeks in the mines, when not being satisfied with the pros- pects, he returned home, thoroughly cured of the "gold fever," and willing enough to take his place behind tlie plow, and turn gold out of the black soil of Illinois. In farm work he continued until the boom of the cannon was heard reverberating from Fort Sumpter, when, hastening to Macomb, on the nineteenth day of April, 1861, he enlisted in Capt. Palston's company of "Union 360 HISTORY OF m'dOXOUGH COUNTY. (luards,"' under the first call of the President for 75,000 men, but on account of the luck ot transportation the company could not leave Macomb in time, and therefore failed to be numbered with the first quota. A call of the State had in the meantime been made for ten regiments, and this company was sworn in for thirty days, and afterward, on the twenty-fourth day of May, 1861, mustered into the United States service for three years, or during the war, becoming Co. A, 16th Regiment Illinois A^olunteers. "During the war" was taken literally by Mr. Ilainlinc, and five months be- fore the expiration of his three years' service, he re-enlisted as a veteran, and continued with his regiment until the proclamation of peace was issued and the regiment mustered out on the eighth day of July, 1865. In every campaign in which the regi- ment participated he bore his part, and in the battle of Peach Tree Creek, in front of Atlanta, on the twentieth of July, 1864, he was taken prisoner by the rebels, and five days thereafter was placed in the dread prison pen of Andersonville. For tw^o months he was confined at that place, where the prisoners were dying at the rate of one hundred each day, dying of starvation and expos- ure, the rebels refusing to take any measures to better their con- dition. The horrors of that prison will ever be impressed upon his mind, and it is therefore little to be wondered that he scarcely forgives the authors of that misery. On returning home, Mr. Hainline, the following fall, received from his party the nomination for the office of County Treasurer, and, notwithstanding the objection raised against him on account of his youth, and that he ran against the most popular man in the ranks of the opposition, he was triumphantly elected. The amount of his bond was $650,000, owing to the heavy bounty tax, but had been $2,000,000 it would have been given. In the discharge of his duties he gave perfect satisfaction to men of all parties, and in the two years of his service he handled more money than any Treasurer in the county has ever done in the same length of time. Shortly after the expiration of his term of office he purchased an interest in the drug store of P. II. Delaney, continuing in that business until the fall of 1869. On the twelfth day of June, 1866, he was united in marriage with Miss Victoria Shleich, of Fulton county. Three children were the result of this union, one of whom died in infancy. Mrs. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 361 Hainline departed this life February 24, 1874, ber loss deeply felt not only by the sorrowing husband and motherless children, but by raauy frieads. She was a woman of many excellent qualities of head and heart, and would attract friends wherever her lot was cast. In the sweet bye-and by she rests from her labors, while her works do follow her. It is needless to say that in politics Mr. Hainline is a Republican "of the strictest sect." It can well be said of him that the prin- ciples of that party are "bred in the bone," his parents and all bearing the name being of the same political persuasion. In June, 1870, he purchased a half interest in the Macomb Journal, the leading paper of the city, and became associate editor. As a local writer he ranks among the best in the State, and in the ad- vocacy of his political views he never fails to make himself un- derstood, and always takes advance ground upon all questions of the day. In addition to the ofHce of County Treasurer, Mr. Hainline has held the office of Alderman of the First Ward, Macomb, for two years, and represented the city as a member of the Board of Su- pervisors for three years. In the discharge of all his official duties he labors faithfully to advance the best interests of his con- stituents, being alive to all questions of public good. While he would practice strict economy in the management of public affairs, he would not be niggardly in expenditures, knowing that it is possible for public servants, as well as private individuals, to be "penny wise and pound foolish." William II. Hainline is rather below medium height, quick in motion, and is generally in the enjoyment of reasonably good health. As a citizen he enjoys the respect and esteem of every one, and as a friend and neighbor he is kind and benevolent, with a heart open to hear the cries of the afflicted of earth. That he is public spirited is proven by his acts and votes upon questions that pertain to the general good of all. WILLIAM HAMILTON. Among the living pioneers of McDonough, few are more wide- ly known than the one of whom w6 now write. AVilliam Hamil- ton was born in Rock bridge county, Virginia, seven miles from the great Natural Bridge, in May, 1813. At his birth his father was in comfortable circumstances, but shortly after lost all, when he removed to Conncrsville, Indiana, where he engaged in farm- 362 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. ing, and where William was compelled to labor as early in life as lie could be of assistance. A few months attendance in the com- mon schools in his native county, before removing to Indiana, was all the educational advantages enjoyed by him, until after he reached his majority, when he attended a country school for about three months; therefore the success attending him in after life was not due to any knowledge acquired from books, but from contin- ual application to business and natural common sense. When sixteen years of age, Mr. H. commenced to learn the trade of blacksmith, which he followed some eighteen months, when iinding it did not agree with him, he went on a farm, which business he afterwards followed until his retirement a few years ago. It was not until he was twenty-two years of age that he was enabled to save anything from his labor. In the year 183;'), he hired oat at $12 per month, and in due time saved |100, which afterwards served as a basis for the accumulation of years. With this sum of money, a horse and saddle, he came to Macomb, in this county, arriving here on the sixteenth day of April, 1836 He at onced hired to Abner AYaiker, for §12 per month and board, continuing with him for some time, and in February, 1836, pur- chased the first piece of land he ever owned being the south west quarter, section 2, 6 north, 2 west, where he so long made his home. On the twenty-ninth day of October, 1830, he was united in marriage to Miss Lucy Cannon, near Macomb, in whose society he has since spent thirty-eight years of his life. Six children has the Lord given them, five yet living, who occupy useful positions in society. j\Ir. Hamilton has never held public office save that of school director and road commissioner. Often has he been requested to serve, but always refused. He cares nothing for the honors ob- tained, and is content to fill an humble position in life. He has always been a hard working man, and whatever of this world's goods he possesses has been made by his own industry and the practice of strict economy. When he first began life in this county, the people were suffering the efft^cts of the hard times following the panic of 1837, and for years it was almost an impos- ibility to obtain sufficient money even to pay taxes. He informs us that many times lias he harnessed his team before daylight, and driving to Macomb, a distance of nine miles, proceeded to HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 363 AVigwam" branch, some two or three miles west of town, hauling in three loads of wood and returning home, all for '^1.50. He has killed his hogs, taken them to Nauvoo, spending three or four days on the journey, and sold them tor ^1.50 per hundred pounds. Notwithstanding the ditiiculties with which he had to con- tend, he labored on, determined to succeed. One quality about him is worthy of imitation by our young men — he never contract- ed a debt without knowing how and when it should be paid, and never in all his life has he been unable to meet the demands against him. For a number of years past he has made his motto, "Pay as you go," and has contracted no debts ot any kind, or for any purpose. In 1864 he rented out his farm and removed to IBushnell where he has since continued to reside. During the first year of his stay in Bushnell he engaged in the grocery busi- ness,believing that in his early life he had done enough hard work to entitle him to have a little leisure as he passes along the latter part of the journey ot life. In 1838 he united with the Cumberland Presbyterian Church in Walnut Grove, retaining his connection with that bod}' until his removal to Bushnell, when he received a letter, but has never united with another congregation. HON. B. R. IIAMPTOX. Benjamin P. Hampton was born in AVarren county, Ohio, on the twelfth day of April, 1821. His parents were Van C. and Elizabeth (Pandolph) Hampton, the former being a native of New Jersey and the latter of Ohio. The elder Hampton was well known throughout McDonough county, having established and for many years running the first woolen factory in the town of Macomb, if not in the county. The early life of young Hampton was spent in the country, and as soon as he arrived at an age in which he was capable of doing work, he was placed in his father's woolen factory. At this trade he labored for some years, or until his removal to McDonough county, in 1840. In the public schools of Miami county, Ohio, where his parents removed when he was but a mere lad, he laid the foundation of a good practical educa- tion. Soon after his arrival in Macomb he entered the office of Hon. Cyrus Walker, one of the loading attorneys of the State, where he read law for some two years, when he passed examination and 364 HISTORY OF m'donougii county. was admitted to the bar. lu this profession he continued seven- teen years, with some success, attaining a good reputation as a legal adviser. On the second day of April, 1845, he was united in marriage with Miss Angeline E. Hail, daughter of D. Hail, Esq., Franklin, Kentucky. Six children have been born unto them, three of whom- are living. Mr. Hampton has always taken considerable interest in the political affairs of the country, his first general experience being in the campaign of 1840, when Gen. Harrison was elected President of .the United States. He espoused the principles of the old Whig party, and fought manfully for its success until it ceased to exist, when he was one of the very first in this county to give adhesion to the Republican party, with which he has since been connected. In weakness or in strength, through evil or good reports, he has labored earnestly and zealously for the welfare of that party. In the fall of 1855 he became editor of the old Ma- coiYib Enterprise, and in the summer of 1856, when John C. Fremont received the nomination for I*resident (the first candi- date of the llcpublican party for that office), he placed his name at the head of its columns ; and with great zeal advocated his election. AVithont detracting in the least from others, we can say that no man has done more or made greater sacrifices for the success of the party. For some years he published the paper at a loss, being compelled to draw from other resources means to keep it alive. At this time the party was greatly in the minority, but with faith that it would eventually succeed, be labored on, witnessing its final triumph. He has on several occasions served in public office, as Trustee of the town of Macomb, Justice of the Peace, Supervisor and State Senator. He was a member of the Board of Supervisors during the dark days of the rebellion, and labored without avail to secure assistance from the Board for the brave boys in blue and their suttering families left behind. For this act he deserves great credit from that class who imperilled their lives for the nation's safety. As a member of the State Sen- ate he served four years, discharging his duties faithfully and to the satisfaction of his constituents. While in tlie Senate he was chairman of the committee which prepared the ])resent liquor law of the State. During the second term he was chairman of the Kepublican caucus and chairman of HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 365 the committees on Expenses of the General Assembly and Miscel- lany. He was also a member ot the committees on Revision, Re- formatory Institutions, Judicial Department, Apportionment, Printing, Fees and Salaries, and Appropriations. He prepared and introduced the bill by which the Revised Statutes of the State were given to the people at a cost of only two dollars. With the exception of a period between 1860-G5 up to the year 1870, he had entire editorial control of the Macomb Journal. During the latter year W. II. Ilainline became associated with him. It now ranks with the best papers in the State and with a circulation equal to any country paper published. Shortly after the organization of the Christian Church in Ma- comb Mr. Hampton united and has since held connection with that body. In all the affairs of the congregation he has taken great interest, and contributes liberally of his means to advance the cause. As a friend and neighbor he is kind and benevolent, always willing to aid a worthy person in every way in his power. Aside from politics he is held in high esteem by every one, his only enemies being those of a political nature. As a citizen he is public spirited and advocates publicly and privately everything having a tendency to advance the interests of his adopted county and State. RICHARD D. HAMMOND, M. D. Among the prominent and successful physicians of this county none are better known and enjoy more of the respect of the peo- ple and the profession than Dr. R. D. Hammond, the son of Asa and Sarah A. (A¥ilson) Hammond, who was born in Claiborne, Monroe county, Alabama, on the twenty-fourth day of July, 1826. The father of Dr. Hammond was a native of Massachusetts, while the native state of his mother was North Carolina. The elder Hammond was an attorney of considerable note in his adopted State of Alabama, enjoying a very large and lucrative practice extending throughout its length and breadth. The early life of Dr. Hammond was such as is common to every boy in the land, and was passed in his native village and in at- tendance upon the common schools of his native town. In 1840, his father took him to Ohio, and in the following year, when but fifteen years of age, he was entered as a student in the Marietta College, Marietta, Ohio, from whence he graduated when nineteen, receiving the degree of A. B. S66 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. Aftei' graduafiug lie came to Illi-nois and located in Monmouth, the county seat of AVarren county, and some two years after en- tered the office of Dr. Young, one of the best physicians of the place, with whom he read medicine until the time arrived when he should attend lectures. Choosing the Medical Department of the University of Missouri, he entered the same, graduating with honors in 1852. Returning home, he opened an office in the old village of Greeubush, Warren county, where he remained one year, obtaining a fair practice and much valuable experience. In 1853 he removed to Blandinsville, McDonough county, which place he made his home until Xovember, 1862, when he removed to Macomb. In and around about Blandinsville he built up a large and lucrative practice, and made man}' warm and staunch friends, friends that felt grieved at his departure, and who were ready to extend a welcome on his return. In Macomb he also met with good success in his chosen profession, and for several years his practice was equal, if not greater, than any physician in the county. Failing health caused him to abandon his business for a short time, and in company with Charles Chandler, Esq., of Macomb, he s[)ent a few months in traveling, principally in the S©uth. On returning home, he was urged by many of his old patrons in Blandinsville and its vicinity to return to that jilace and resume his practice. This he consented to do, and, Ma}^, 1875, be again resumed his practice in that place. It required but a short time to regain the large practice previously enjoyed while a citizen of the town, and but for an unfortunate and serious accident, would have exerted him to the utmost to attend to calls. On the thirtieth day of April, 1876, he was thrown from his horse, receiv- ing injuries of the spine, which prevented him from attending to his duties a great part of his time. The doctor is now making a specialty of the treatment of diseases by electricity, meeting with uniformly good success. On the twenty-fourth day of December, 1854, he was united in marriage to Miss Louisa Bolles, by whom he has had nine chil- dren, seven girls and two boys, all of whom are now living, save the oldest daughter, who passed to her long home in the fall of 1874, where she awaits the coming of other loved ones, who, upon this side the river, toil on, until in the grand reunion in the "sweet by-and-bye." Dr. Hammond is a man rather below the medium height, light hair, full, llowing beard, high forehead, and of a kind and benev- HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 367 olcnt disposition. For a number of years lie has been connected with the Congregational Church at Macomb, with which body he yet hokls membership, there being no church of that denomina- tion in Blandinsville. Every one regards him with respect as a man, and in the community in which he resides he wields consid- erable iiilluence. DR. JOHN HARDESTY. Few men that have lived in our county were more widely known or more universally esteemed than the subject of this sketch. John Hardesty was of Irish descent, his grandfather on his father's side immigrating to this country prior to the revolu- tionary war. His father, Charles Hardesty, was a soldier in the Revolutionary war and likewise in the war of 1812, and bore an honorable part in each of these great struggles. The patriotic principles of the father were imbibed by the son, and have de- scended to the present generation. John Hardesty was born in Virginia May 13, 1793. His moth- er's maiden name was Nancy Fowler, her family being one of the oldest in this State and having a number of representatives now living in this county. During the earl}^ life of John he lived and worked with his parents on a farm and in the common or sub- scription schools of his time laid the foundation of an education secured in after years by self-application. When war with Great Britain was proclaimed in 1812, the patriotic feeling inherited from his sire caused him to enroll his name among his country's defenders, and, although young in years, he went forth, and during the entire campaign bore himself as become a hero and the son of one who, when the nation sought its independence, was ready to do and to die for the accomplish- ment of that end. In May, 1811, Mr. Hardesty was united in marriage with jSliss Elizabeth Ilungate, daughter of Col. John Ilungate, of Ken- tucky, by whom he had nine sons and three daughters, five of the sons and two of the daughters yet living, and filling honorable positions in society. In 1818 Mr. Hardesty, with his family, left his Kentucky home for Illinois, and for six years- resided in Hamilton county, re- moving from thence to Adams county, where he remained four 3"ears, when he came to McDonough county, arriving here on the 368 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. third day of April, 1830, and securing for a home the southwest quarter section 9, 7 north and 4 west, now Blandinsville town- ship, in tlie neighborhood of the well-known "Job's settlement." AVith the exception of some tliree years spent in jMissouri, he lived in this neighborhood until death called him away. Mr. llardesty came to this county before it was organized, and at the first election was one of three elected to fill the office of County Commissioner, to Avhich office he was several times re- elected. In the work ot organization he showed good executive abilities, and much credit is due him for the good work performed in placing McDonough in the front rank of the counties of the State. As one of the County Commissioners, he assisted in laying off the town of Macomb. "While a citizen of Missouri, Mr. Hardesty studied medicine with Dr. Johnson, of Savannah, in that State, and during his res- idence there built up a large practice. On returning to McDon- ough county he continued to practice for some years. In this field of usefulness he achieved some success, bringing to bear upon the discharge of the duties of his profession rare common sense in the discernment of disease. Dr. Hardesty was a heavy built man, full six feet in height, fair complexion, and of a generous disposition. As a friend and neigh- bor he was greatly esteemed, his willingness to accomodate being proverbial. In the family circle, he was very strict, his word at all times, being law, but his government was inspired by the law of love, which in time begot love for himself in the hearts of his children, and his memory is now held dear by every member of the family remaining. Dr. Hardesty was for many years a consistent member of the Baptist Church, and in it held the office of deacon. His Christ- ian duties he never neglected, and in the support of the gospel was ever ready to do his part. The two great commandments of love to God and love to man he held sacred, endeavoring to dis- charge the obligations resting upon him arising from each. Dr. Hardesty was called to his long home on the third day of September, 1875, and was buried near Hillsborough Church, of which body he had long been a meml)er. Elder J. H. Delano, of Blandinsville, delivered the funeral sermon, and his body was laid away to await the summons on the resurrection morn. He died as he had lived, in the full assurance of hope, at the ripe age of HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. 369 eighty-two years. "Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord, yea and from henceforth they shall rest from their labors and their works do follow them." Dr. llardesty was buried by the members of the Masonic order in this county, having been a member of that order since 1812, a period of sixty-three years. May he rest in peace, and may we emulate his good deeds. AVILLIAM C. IIAINLINE. There are many persons bearing the^'name of Ilainline in this county, all universally respected and none more so than the sub- ject of this sketch. Mr. Ilainline came to this county in 1838 in company with his parents, George and Flora (Cockrell) Ilainline. The elder Ilainline was well known as a man of strong character, a zealous member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, and strict in the observance of such duties as he regarded right and proper. He was born in Clark county, Kentuck}^, on the fourth of June, 1791. His father, the grandfather of William, was one of the pioneers of that State, having emigrated thereto w^ith Daniel Boone. Mrs. Hainliue comes of a family somewhat noted in the affairs of that State and in Missouri. Senator Cockrell of the latter State being a relative. Mr. and Mrs. Ilainline were united in marriage in 1812, the latter being at the time only six- teen years of age. Eleven children were born unto them, seven boys and four girls, all of whom lived to have families of their own, and all immigrating with their parents to this State and county. Four have since died. Mr. Ilainline departed this life in March, 1868, and was followed in October, 1870, by his loved companion. Both died as they had lived, in the full assurance of hope of a glorious life beyond the grave. "William C. Ilainline was born in Montgomery county, Ken- tucky, on the thirtieth day of May, 1823. His early life was passed upon the farm in his native State and in this county, where he arrived on the twenty-eighth day of October, 1838, and settled with his parents on section 6, Emmett township. It may be well to remark that the elder Ilainline, the father of AVilliam, while still a resident of Kentucky, was in good circumstances financially, and would have never left his native State, had it not been for the curse of slavery. He was a strong anti-slavery man, and we believe there are none of his descendants but what viewed the question in the same light that he did. William remained at home with his parents some ten years after his arrival in Mc- 370 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. Donough county, when lie purchased for himself a farm ou section 15, Hire townslnp, -where he removed, and where he has since continued to reside, i^'or this farm he paid three dollars per acre. It is now worth ^GO per acre, and is one of the best in the county, but when he moved upon it, it was wild prairie land and at some distance from the dwelling of any one. Fears were entertained b}' his friends that he would cut himsell off from all social influ- ence, and would never have any neighbors. Without a dollar's nid from any one, he has by his own indus- try and good management acquired considerable property, and is to-day the possessor of live hundred acres of as fine land as we have in the county. jMr. 11. has followed no other business than that of farming, having a taste for that alone. His health has always been remarkably good, and for forty-four consecutive years he has labored in the harvest field, beginning that work when only ten years of age. He has never had to keep his bed twenty-four hours at one time in his life from sickness that he can remember. Such good health is unusual. In 1849 Mr. Hainline was married to Miss Elizabeth Logan, daughter of the well known pioneer Baptist preacher. Elder John Logan. She was the second white female child born in the county. Ten children have been born unto them, and all living, save two. Each of their children were born in the house in which they now reside. The oldest son is a ph3'sician, wdio now lives in Missouri. During the days of the old Whig party Mr. Hainline was a strong supporter of its men and measures, but since the organiza- tion of the Ilepublican party, he has been one of its most earnest and zealous advocates. The strong anti-slavery views of his father found a response in his breast, and the principles of that party were such as to command his sympathy and support. Al- though he takes no very active part in the work of the party, yet no man in the county feels a greater interest in its success. The annual elections always find himatthe polls, and itis his boast that he has never scratched a ticket. He has never held ofRce of any kind, nor has ever desired one. For thirty years he has resided in the same neighborhood, and in that time has never had a quarrel, a law suit or trouble of any kind with any one. He attends strictl}' to his own affairs and al- HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 371 lows others the same privilege. No one possesses a kinder heart and none are more accommodating; he is always willing and ready to render a favor, even at a sacrifice to himself. AVilliam 0. JIainline is in height about five feet ten inches, and weighs about one hundred ahd seventy pounds; his complexion is rather dark than otherwise. AVESLEY HARLAX. In the fall of 1834 Wesley Harlan left Kentucky, his native State, and with his family settled in SclinA'ler county, this State, where he remained some eighteen months, Avhen, desiring a bet- ter location, he came to McDonough county and upon section one. Industry township, erected his cabin, improved his quarter and reared a large and influential family. At that time this portion of the county was thinly settled, and Mr. Harlan, contrary to the advice of friends, settled upou the prairie about one mile from the timber. By this action he was supposed to be deranged in mind, tor without timber how could one live, what would he do for fencing, fuel, etc. ? This questiou Mr. Harlan proposed should be answered in the future and we now know he was riofht in his calculations. Wesley Harlan was born in Barren countj-, Kentucky, Februa- ry 3, 1805. His parents were Jacob and Sarah (Combs) Harlan, na- tives of the State of Virginia, who had emigrated to Kentucky at an early day. The early life ot Mr. Harlan was without any partic- ular incident, and in the way of education, the common schools af- forded all the knowledge received by him. In his youth he developed a taste for mechanical labor and in manhood this taste was exer- cised to a considerable degree. Though never being apprenticed, or taking a regular course to learn any trade, he acquired a knowl- edge of many by self-application. As will be readily understood by our older readers, the service of such a man in a newly settled country would be greatly in demand, and often has Mr. II. been required to leave his own work that he might assist a neighbor out of a difficulty, in which skill was required. AMiether in build- ing or repairing a wagon, erecting a cabin, or making a plow, he could turn his hand to either with equal facility. Shortly after his arrival in the county he erected a horse mill near his residence, which was extensively patronized by farmers thonghout AIc])on- ough and adjoining counties. At that time there were no steam mills in the countrv, and when the streams were low, Avater mills 372 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. would occasionally quit running, causing the horse mills to have quite an extensive run of custom. All persons having grain to grind were compelled to furnish their own horses to run the mill, each await his turn to be served. Although the mill had a good run, yet its receipts were not large, on an average not over titty cents a day. On the second day of November, 1826, Mr. Harlan was mar- ried to Miss jSTancy Greenup in Monroe county, Iventuck}^, ten children resulting from the union — five sons and five daughters, all of whom are now living, save James W., who died in the service of his country during the late rebellion as a member of the 10th Missouri regiment. The members of the family now living are George T., who re- sides on the south half of section 31, iSTew Salem township, and of whom mention is made elsewhere in these sketches, Wm. M., Marcus L., Lorenzo 1)., Margaret, wife of S. F. Hammer, who owns and resides upon the old homestead; Rebecca, wife of Eliliu Stockton of Eldorado township; Hulda, wife of Daniel Wooley, of Crawford county, Kansas; Eliza, wife of Samuel Kyle of Kan- sas, and Chloe, wife of Frank Hall, Mound township. Mrs. Har- lan died on the twenty-fourth of March, 1864, and on the fourth of December, 1867, Mr. Harlan was again married, this time to Mary Osborne, with whom he happily lived until parted by death. She resides with her step-daughter, Mrs. Hall. Wesley Harlan for over forty years was a consistent member ot the M. E. Church, and in the Master's work had great delight, especially in singing the songs of praise. He for many years con- ducted the musical part of the exercises of the Lord's house in his own congregation. In his death the church lost a valuable mem- ber and an efficient worker. Ii? politics Mr. Harlan was originally a Whig, and on the or- ganization of thejiepublican party gave adhesion to its principles, notwithstanding he was from a slave state and the principles of that party antagonistic to all his previous teachings. He was very lirm in his views, and did not fear to express his sentiments upon all occasions. Wesley Harlan was fully six feet in height, slender built and of a robust constitution. He was naturally very spry and always walked with a quick motion. In the govern- ment of his family he was mild, but always exacted obedience. As a friend and neighbor, he was kind and obliging. His death occurred on the seventeenth day of January', 1874. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 373 GEORGE TAYLOR HARLAN. In the sketches of leading citizens of ourcounty, \vc give prom- inent hi\Yyers, prominent merchants, prominent mechanics, and prominent farmers, and in this latter class may well be placed he one of whom we now write, who, though not born in the county, has spent almost his entire life here, and is well known to all our older citizens. His father, "Wesley Harlan, was also well known to every one throughout the whole county, and in the early day the old horse mill, owned by him, received patronage from all parts of this and adjoining counties. His mother was l!Tancy (Greenup) Harlan, a sister of "Uncle Johnny Greenup," another of the old pioneers, and one well known to every citizen of the county. His parents were married in Kentucky, from whence they came to Schuyler county, in this State, where they remained a short time, coming from that county to McDonough in the fall of 1834, set- tling on section 1, Industry township, where they remained until the day of their death. George Ta^'lor Harlan was born in Monroe count}', Kentucky, on the twenty-ninth day of December, 1827, and when only seven years of age was brought to this county, where his entire life has since been spent. When old enough to attend to the duties, he was put in charge of the old horse mill, previously spoken of, and for years waited upon the customers, measuring out the toll received in payment for grinding. This old mill was a noted institution in its day, and when the water in the streams was low, and grinding could not be done by the mills situated thereon, it was taxed to its utmost capacity, and day and night was kept busy. In youth George was a quiet, steady lad, always standing well with his neighbors. As the opportunity offered, he attended the common schools of the neighborhood, obtaining therein a fair English education. On the twenty-fifth day of December, 1856, he was united in marriage to Miss Talitha C. Yocum, daughter of the old pioneer and well-known citizen, Major Stephen Yocum, by whom he has had eleven children, seven of whom are yet living. The family are yet living upon the farm to which the young couple removed when first married, but the number of acres have increased until they number more than a half section ; the little frame house "just big enough for two, you know," has given place to one of 11—24 374 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. the neatest and best farm houses in iSTew Salem township, with room enough to entertain a score of friends, whom they number by hundreds. The situation of their house could not be improved, and its entire surroundings betoken the good taste of the master and mistress of the mansion. The farm is also one of the best in the entire township, every rod of it under cultivation, and all well improved. The entire surroundings of the place show careful management, there being no plows, harrows or reapers laying around exposed to the rain and rust, but all carefully housed and cared for until time to be used. We herein see the secret of his success. Starting in life without capital, with only a pair of stout hands and a willing heart, we see him to-day one of the foremost farmers in his section of country, with a farm of some hundreds of acres of the finest land in the county or State — all the result of his own labor, aided by a true helpmeet in his wife. Mr. Harlan has never held a public office, but it is not on ac- count of a lack of confidence shown in him by his friends, but for the reason that he has never aspired to any official station, being content to occupy an humble position in society, surrounded by his wife, children and friends. He is a man that enjoys the con- fidence and respect of all his acquaintances, and no one stands higher in the community than he. In the family circle he is kind and pleasant, having the love of the entire household. He has never, we believe, made a profession of religion, but is in every respect a strictly moral man, observing the golden rule, " Do unto others as you would others should do unto you." ISo man can truly charge him with obtaining any of his goods by deceit or through unfair dealings. Mr. Harlan is about five feet ten inches in height, slinily built, but of considerably physical endurance, and will doubtless live to a ripe old age. HON. HUMPHREY HORRABIN. As an illustration of what young men can do for themselves even when opportunities for improvements are indeed meager, we would call attention to the following sketch of Hon. Humphrey Horrabin, of Blandinsville, township. Mr. Horrabin was born in Allerton, near Liverpool, England, on the fifteenth of December, 1846. His parents, James and Frances (Sharpless) Horrabin, were poor in this world's goods, and gave him the opportunity to at- tend the subscription school of his native country only a few HISTORY OF m'dOXOUGH COUNTY. 375 months. But he was instructed well in the doctrines of the church, its discipline, etc. In 1820, when thirteen years of age, he w^as bound an apprentice to learn the trade of shoemaker, the time of his service to be seven years. Completing the required time as an apprentice, he continued at the trade as a journeyman until his removal to this country and for ten years thereafter. On the third day of October, 1836, he was married to Miss Elizabeth Smalle}^ of England, by whom he had six children, only one of whom is now living. Mrs. Ilorrabin died at her home near Blandinsville, on the twenty-iitth of July, 1870, in the full assurance of faith, having been a servant of Christ for many years as a zealous member of the Methodist Episcopal church. After working at his trade in the old country for eighteen years, Mr. Horrabin was forced to the conclusion that no opportunity was offered there, even to the most industrious, for any very rapid advancement, and turning his eyes towards the new world he determined on emigrating and endeavoring to build up a name and home for himself and family. In the spring ot 1847 he sailed for America, and in due time arrived in Xew Orleans, from which place he proceeded to Lewistown, Fulton county, Illi- nois. Here he engaged as a journeyman, and as such worked for some months. In coming to this country he had not the means to bring his family, therefore it was his first thought to ac- cumulate money enough to send for them. In order to do this,he thought best to only draw so much ot his wages per week as would be necessary for his individual wants, and leave the balance until it should be sufficient for his purpose. When the sum had reached two hundred dollars he concluded to draw it, but on call- ing for it he was informed by the firm they could not pay as they were bankrupt. This was a sad blow to him. After working hard formonths and stinting himself in the enjoyments of themauy com- forts of this life, to be deprived of all his hard earnings and the privilege of again beholding his family for many months. He was now thrown out of employment, but right here, when all seemed dark to him, a ray of light appeared, and he thanked God he was now in a Christian land, and, though the ties of kindred bound them not together, a better principle than all prevailed — love to thy neighbor. Leading citizens of the place came to his assist- ance, purchasing for him a stock of leather, tools, etc., and giving him his own time to pay. He was thus enabled to go on, and 376 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. soon had the satisfaction of gathering around him his loved fam- ily. These "Good Samaritans"' of Lewislown will always hold a warm place in his heart. Mr. Ilorrahin remained in Lewistown five years, when, think- ing to better himself, he purchased of Charles Chandler, Esq., of Macomb, the southeast quarter of section 14, Blandinsville town- ship, where he yet resides. He paid for the quarter §300, and has since repeatedly refused $10,000 for it. Without any previous ex- perience in farm life he began its improvement, and to-day has one of the best farms in the county. In 1859, becoming somewhat pressed financially by the failure of many of the banks of the country, and in order to relieve himself the more speedily, he rented his farm, and moving into Tennessee, this county, he again returned to his trade which he continued for five years, at the ex- piration of which time he returned to the farm. While in Ten- nessee the dark war clouds hovered over the country, and upon the side of the Union Mr. H. arrayed himself, and on account of the expression of his sentiments he was cordially hated by those opposed to the war. The firm stand taken by him during these trying times secured for him the warm and earnest support of his Republican friends and in the County Convention in 1868, he re- ceived the nomination for Ilepresentative to the General Assem- bly, to which position he was triumphantly elected, and where he served with honor to himself and constituents. Mr. ITorrabin, since his thirteenth year has been a member of the M. K. C'burch, and with that body of earnest Christian work- ers, he has labored for many years, taking an active part in all church and Sunday school work. lie is likewise a strong temper- ance man. In 1872, he conchided once more to visit his aged mother and the scenes of his childhood. The visit was a pleasant one, the memory of which will never be forgotten. While there he made the a(!quaintance of Miss Mary Ockleshaw, whom he prevailed to accompany him home as a bride. Their union has been blessed with one child. HON. JOHN HUSTON. An old pioneer, w(.'ll beloved by all who were acquainted with him (and their names arc legion), was John Huston, of Blandins- ville township— one who, in the early history of the county, took an active part in its organization, and who filled several important HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 377 positions of trust, but of whom it can well be said, " the office sought the man and not the man the office." John Huston was born near Sparta, White county, Tennessee, May 17, 1808. Ilis parents were Walter and Xancy (Bradshaw) Huston, the former being a Virginian by birth and the latter a Kentiickian. Both were hard-working, industrious people, poor in this world's goods, and therefore the advantages afibrded their children were but few to attain anything like a fair education. The subject of this sketch had only a limited knowledge of his mother tongue, together with the sciences taught in the schools of the day, having the opportunity of attending only such schools as gave in- struction in the simple rudiments of the language; but, as will be observed by readers ot this sketch, the little knowledge obtained, combined with rare good sense and judgment, enabled him to make his way in the world with honor to himself and credit to those whom he represented in the councils of his adopted State and county. Before reaching his majority, Mr. Huston led to the marriage altar Miss Ann Melvin, with whom he happily lived until separ- ated by death. They were married in his native county, on the second day of October, 1828, and twelve days thereafter the young couple, with all their worldly goods, departed for the great West, intending to make Illinois, with its beautiful prairies and grand groves, their home for the future. On the eleventh day of No- vember, 1828, they arrived in Morgan county, where they remained some sixteen months, when they came to this county, arriving here on the fourteenth day of March, 1830. When they arrived in the county, all they possessed of worldly property was one horse, an old-fashioned one-horse cart, a few household goods and fifty cents in money. Selecting their claim, a log house was erected, into which the family moved. There being no door cut, a log was removed, and all crawled in. This was the beginning of their life in McDonough county, and dreary enough must it have been. Well might they sigh for the comforts of the old home. But in the hearts of each there were no feelings of despondency, but a resolute determination, with the aid of "the Great Kuler of the universe, to succeed in life, to secure homes for themselves and children. In time their labors were blessed, and their most san- guine antici]>ations realized. 378 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. When Mr. Huston arrived in the county it was unorganized, and in the work of organization which occurred some months after, he bore an honorable part, and was elected the first Treas- urerofthe county, which office he held but a few months, the du- ties requiring his presence in Macomb, and therefore could not be attended to by him, without the loss of more time than he could spare from his private affairs. It must be borne in mind the pay attached to the office then was not what it is at present, therefore the work performed was purely one of love and not for any pe- cuniary considerations. Otlier offices of minor importance were thrust upon him, offices tilled to the satisfaction of those by whom he was elected. As previously remarked, he never sought office at any time in his life, his personal feelings requiring to be sacrificed in accepting public position, but in 1847, he received the nomination of his party for member of the Constitutional Con- vention called for the purpose of amending the Constitution of the State, and was triumphantly elected. His services in that body were such as to secure his nomination in 1850, for the office of Representative in the General Assembly. Being elected thereto he served liis time and again was re-nominated in 1852, but was defeated on local grounds. Ko member from this county ever served more acceptably than he, and the services of none have ever been more highly appreciated. He was no orator, never hav- ing given any special attention to public speaking, the labors of life being in tilling the soil, and whatever talent he may have had for oratory was never cultivated. He was a man of but few words, but all that were said were direct to the point, the meaning be- ing plain and manifest to all. Common sense was characteristic of the man in all that he said or done. In politics he was a Demo- crat of the Jackson school, but his politics never interfered with the discharge of his duties as a public officer, and other qualities of the man of which mention is made further on in this sketch endeared him to many outside of his own party, securing him many votes belonging to the opposition. When Mr. Huston settled on section 3 there were only about six or eight families in the neighborhood, and probably not more than twenty-five in the whole county. The first winter passed in his new home w^as the one in which occurred the ever memorable and never to be forgotten big snow, of which mention is frequently made in this work. The hardships endured by the family were HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 379 such as were common of all, serving to strengthen them for the trials that should come after. Shortly after his removal to the county, Mr. Huston became a disciple of Christ, uniting with and forming one of the original members in the organization of the old Liberty Christian Church, near the present town of Blaudinsville. It is the unanimous ver- dict of all who were intimate with his daily walk and conversa- tion that no man ever lived nearer the foot of the cross than he, none more closely followed tlie example and teachings of *' Ilim who went about doing good." " Pure religion and undeHled be- fore God, the Father," he practiced daily in his life. " Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and all thy mind, and thy neighbor as thy self," was exemplified in all that he said and done, and the memory of no man is held in more grateful re- membrance by the thousands of persons throughout McDonough and surrounding counties who were recipients of and cognizant of the favors bestowed. Pure benevolence was a part of his nature, and all the good deeds performed by him are known on]y to the great I Am and the recording angel who makes record of the ac- tions of all. Many instances can we recall to mind of the good deeds performed by him that the recipients speak of with grateful hearts, but which otherwise have never been known. It is said that to accommodate another poor in this world's goods, often has he taken from the plow a horse that he was using and give to him, going out and purchasing another for himself. In the settle- ment of his estate, after death, his executor has remarked that day after day parties would come in acknowledging indebtedness to him of which no account had been made, it being presumable that he had sold them the property which they had acknowledged their indebtedness with the thought, if paid, all right, if not, it was all right any how. lie never sued a party in his life, nor ever was sued by another. He would rather sutler wrong than do aught that would directly or indirectly injure another. Such was the man John Huston. Mr. Huston was the father of eight children, seven boys and one girl, the latter being now the wife of Strawther Givens, Esq., of Abingdon, 111. Of the boys, it can be said, all now living oc- cupy honorable positions in society, two having been called to their reward. 380 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. John Huston departed this life on tlie eighth day of July, 1854, being forty-six years and two months old. Ilis loss was deeply felt by friends throughout the whole State, and his memory is yet held in grateful remembrance, and will be while the life of those living who were intimate with him shall last. CHARLES R. HUME. Charles R. Hume was born in Delaware county, jS". Y., on the first day of January, 1814, and is the third of a family of ten, five of whom were sons and five daughters. His parents were Robert and Catherine (Rose) Hume, the father being by birth Scotch, while his mother was born in Delaware county, IST, Y., but of Scottish descent. His father was brought by his parents to this country when but seven years of age, and returned to Scotland on a visit when nineteen, remaining there some two years, when he again crossed the waters to America and settled in his former home, embarking in the mercantile trade. He died in 1858, leav- ing a fair amount of property to each of his children, and to his loved companion, who yet remains upon this side of the river. One son became an eminent clergyman, and was for a number of years missionary in India, and died while returning home. His remains lie sunk beneath the waters of the great ocean. Another occupied an honorable position at the bar in California. Charles R., the subject of our present sketch, has had a varied experience in life, spending the first fourteen years with his par- ents upon the farm and in attendance upon the public schools of his native county. When he reached the age of fourteen he was sent to Jefferson Academy in Snachwine county, N. Y., where he remained between three and four years, going from thence to ]^ew York city, where he clerked in a wholesale dry goods store until the spring of 1837, when he came to this State, purchasing two .quarters of land in Hire township, this county. "While com- ing up the Mississippi river, the boat blew up, injuring quite a number on board, but he luckily escaped unhurt. After purchasing the two-quarters in Hire township, he went to Indiana, where his parents were then residing, remaining there until the following spring, when, purchasing a large amount of supplies, he returned to this county and settled upon his land. His presence was regarded with suspicion by the settlers in that neigh- borhood, who were composed principally of emigrants from Ken- HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 381 tucky aud Tennessee, and who hated a Yankee with a righteous hatred, and looked upon all persons as Yankees who were born north of Mason's and Dixon's line, lie was ordered to leave, but, with the perverseness of the Scotch and " easy-go-care" of the Yankee, " reckoned as how he wouldn't go." And he did not, but remained at his post and conquered the prejudices of all against the race, or at least with respect to himself. The life of a farmer not proving attractive to him, he onl}' re- mained upon the farm two years, and when the town of Blan- dinsville was laid off, in company with Joseph C. Blandin, he erected a store-building and opened the first store in the place. This he fx)llowed, in connection with milling, until the breaking out of the Mexican war, when he enlisted in Captain Stapp's Company of Illinois mounted men, but was never sent to the front, being placed on detached service as recruiting officer, with head- quarters at Jefferson Barracks, near St. Louis. In this capacity he continued until the close of the war, being mustered out at St. Louis, July 3, 1848. On his return from St. Louis he again embarked in the mer- cantile trade, continuing in it until the spring of 1852, when he went to California, remaining there some three years, during which time, in the town of Placerville, he read law with his brother John. Returning to Blandinsville in 1855, he continued to read until the following year, when he was admitted to the bar, having passed the examination required by law. Up to the present time he has continued to practice his profession, his principal business being confined to collections and criminal law. In collection, he is Xo. 1. lu political life Mr. Hume has always been active, in the old Whig days being a member of that grand old party. When the Republican party was organized he identified himself with it, con- tinuing steadfast in its principles to the present time. Although living in a strong Democratic township he has been frequently lionored by his friends and neighbors with public ofSce. He was for nearly four years Associate Justice of the County Court of McDonough county, resigning a few months before the expiration of his term to go to California. He has also been notary public for many years, and has never in a single instancee been beaten for office, save in 1858 for Kepresentative in the Illinois Legisla- ture, before the Repu])lican party bad come into the ascendancy. 382 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. lie was one of only three men to vote the Republican ticket in the town of Blandinsville in 185G. For nearly twenty years he has held the ofiice of Justice of the Peace in that village. Mr. Hume had a hand in settling the Mormon difficulties in this county and State, and was one of the number to escort the last remnant of the "Saints" across the Mississippi river. When the war broke out in 1861, Mr. JIume embraced the cause of the Union with his whole soul, and while at Macomb, hearing the remark made that the citizens of his town were all rebels, he stated that he would prove the falsity of the charge by returning home at once and within one month reporting to Gov. Yates with as brave a company ot loyal soldiers as ever charged upon the enemy. The company was raised within the time specified, and its history (that of Co. C, 78th Ills. Vol.,) is written in blood upon history's page. On the first day of September, 1862, Mr. H. re- ceived his commission and was mustered into the service of the United States as captain of Co. C, serving as such until December 18, 1864, when he was mustered out on account of disability. In December, 1862, he was captured by the rebel General Morgan, and paroled upon the battle-field, but not exchanged until Septem- ber, 1863. While under parole he was stationed at Benton Bar- racks, near St. Louis, and placed in command of the Second Battalion Illinois Paroled men, and was also made judge advocate on general court-martials. The most important battle in which he was engaged was Mission Ridge ; after which battle he was in the forced march to East Tennessee to relieve Gen. Burnside. He participated in many skirmishes, and was on detailed service much of his time. On the twenty-ninth day of May, 1839, he was united in mar- riage with Miss Harriet L. Blandin, daughter of Joseph L. Blau- din, the founder of the town of Blandinsville, by whom he had two children, one son and one daughter. The daughter is now the wife of Joseph Edel, Esq., proprietor of the Edel House, and a for- mer member of the 11th Illinois Cavalry, of which "Bob" Inger- soll Avas colonel. The son, R. W. Hume, was also a member of the 11th Illinois Cavalry, joining the , service when Init seventeen years of age, and serving faithfully until the close of the war, be- ing mustered out as orderly sergeant. Since coming here he has held the ofiice of postmaster, and for some years engaged in the drug and hardware business. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 383 Captain Hume is of medium lieiglit, well built, and when young must have been quite stout and verj active. He wears full beard, which is (|uite gray. As a citizen and neighbor he has always stood well, enjoying the respect and confidence of all alike. Such is Captain Charles R. Hume. JAMES IRWIN. The subject of our present sketch is a native of the State of Ohio, having been born in Knox county, of that commonwealth, on the fifth day of September, 1814. His father, James Irwin, Sr., was a native of New Jersey, while his mother, Susan (Holt) Irwin, was born in Pennsylvania. They were in very moderate circum- stances at the time of the birth of James, who, when but five years of age, was sent to a common district school, remaining there until old enough to become useful on a farm, when he was given ills daily task with the rest of the family. When sixteen years of age he was apprenticed to learn the trade of a carpenter, which business he afterward followed for twenty-five years, endeavoring, as a mechanic, to do his duty in a manner to receive the approval of those for whom he labored. When sent from home to learn his trade, his parents charged him to be careful not to drink too much liquor, as it might be injurious to him. At this time it was customary for nearly every one to drink, teetotalers being " like angel's visits, few and far between." James had an uncle, an old revolutionary eoldier, who received a pension from the govern- ment, the amount being annually paid him. On receiving it, this uncle would invest a goodly share of it in Avhisky, enough to last him until the next pay day, storing the same away in his cellar, and frequently imbibing thereof The habit had so grown on him that his friends became alarmed, and hence the anxiety of James' parents, and the advice given. Mind you, they did not advise him to abstain from drink, but not to drink too much. A little was often thought to be necessary for the bodily health of the in- dividual, and St. Paul, good man, advised Timothy to use a little wine for his stomach's sake, and surely we are not better than Paul. About a year after he left home, an opportunit}'' was af- forded him of listening to a temperance lecture, and such an im- pression was made upon his mind tliat he determined to sign the pledge, which he did, faithfully keeping it to tlie present time, reasoning that if he did not drink at all he would never bo in any 384 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. danger of violating' the promise given his parents, " not to drink too much." This lirst pledge was only to abstain from the use of whisky, the milder drinks^of wine, beer and cider were not then supposed to be injurious. On the thirteenth day of August, 1835, at Mt. A'^ernon, Ohio, he led to the marriage altar, Miss Elizabeth Smith, and for forty-two years they have traveled the journey of life together, having been blessed with three children, two of whom are now living, the other having passed on to that "home beyond the rolling river," where it awaits the grand re-union which shall take place in the "sweet bye-and-bye." In 1842, he espoused the anti-slavery cause, and for thirty years, until the question ceased to be one of national importance, he was an earnest advocate of the principles pertaining to the abolition of slavery and the enfranchisement of the enslaved race. It must be remembered at the time he took his stand upon the side of freedom, the measure was not popular in this country, and even in the boasted free states of the nation, an abolitionist was re- garded as an unfit associate of decent people. iSTo one could ad- vocate the measures of that party without doing so at the risk of his life ; he was liable to receive the attack of an angry mob, his property destroyed, and either to be driven from his home or suffer death. On more than one occasion was the home of Mr. Irwin attacked, the lights in the windows broken out, and the life of his dear wife and little ones endangered by those who professed to be over virtuous and the salt of the earth. In passing along the streets he has been pelted with rotten eggs and other missiles in the name of constitutional liberty. All this is hard for the pre- sent generation to realize. In April, 18")0, he came to this State, settling in Vermont, Ful- ton county, where he worked at his trade for about live years. He then engaged in the mercantile trade for about four years, changing the same for that of a miller, purchasing a half interest in the East mill, which business he followed for four years more, wlicn he purchased a farm on section 16, Eldorado township, Mc- Donough county, where he has since continued to reside, except when attending to his ofHcial duties in Macomb. In 1872 he was elected Supervisor for Eldorado township and re-elected in 1873. During this year the "farmer's movement" under the name of the "Anti-monopoly Party," had attained con- HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. 385 siderable prominence in this county, as elsewhere, and coinciding ■with the vie\vs of that party he was iirs^ed by his friends to per- mit the use of his name on the ticket, and consenting, he was nom- inated to the ofhce of County Judge and elected by a handsome majority. He has now held the position for four years, discharg- ingj^the duties of the oftice to the satisfaction of all having busi- ness to transact with him. Although not having the advantage of a law education, he is possessed of a good degree of common sense, which enables him to render a just and true decision. In 18i0 Judge Irwin made a profession of religion, uniting with the Congregational Church, in Mt. Vernon, Ohio, remaining in connection therewith until his removal to Illinois in 1850, eight years of the time holding the office of deacon. When he arrived in Vermont he found no church of that persuasion, and therefore united with the Presbyterian Church in that village, as one hold- ing views nearlv similar to the church of his choice. For eio:ht years he served in the office of elder in that body. He is now a member of the Congregational Church in Macomb, having united with that body since his election to public office, the duties of which require his presence so much of his time in that city. So far as we are enabled to observe, he is a devoted Christian man, having the welfare of his Master's cause at heart, and one that never shirks labor in the Lord's vineyard. The Sunday school cause finds in him an earnest advocate, and few Sabbaths ever pass without finding him in his accustomed place in the school. If not at home, some school in the neighborhood of the place of his sojourn has the benefit of his presence. He was for several years Vice President of the County Association, and organized the first township convention in Eldorado. The present efiicient schools of the township are in a great measure due to him, he having infused life into many of the lukewarm Christians of that neighborhood. Age does not seem to lessen his ardor or devotion to the cause. Although not possessed of a large amount of wealth, he has amassed sufficient of this world's goods to enable him, with his family, to live in a comfortable manner, and every dollar was ob- tained in a straightforward, legitimate way, by honest toil and strict economy. Judge Irwin is a tall, athletic-looking man, and in his younger days must have possessed considerable strength and endurance. 386 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. That he has a mind and will ot his own, his devotion to the cause of freedom, temperance and religion will testify. I^o coward can can be a consistent advocate of either of these great principles. As a husband and father, he is kind and gentle ; as a friend and neighbor, he is beloved; as a citizen, be enjoys the respect of all who know him. May success crown all his efforts for good in the future as in the past. IIEV. JOSEPH L. KIRKPATRICK. In our county there are yet living many old pioneers worthy ot the name, men and women who have toiled long and endured much suffering in the past, but who, in the providence of God, are permitted to witness and enjoy some of the fruits of their labor. Few men now living in the State have witnessed more changes, or bad a more eventful life-history, than Joseph Lane Kirkpatrick, who was born three miles south of Edwardsville, Madison county, Illinois, on the twenty-second day ot April, 1803, fifteen years before the admission of Illinois as a State, and even before its ter- ritorial organization. His parents were Thomas and Polly (Lane) Kirkpatrick, both natives of Georgia, who emigrated to the wilds of Illinois some two years previous, in order, if possible, to better their condition in life, the opportunities for acquiring wealth or honors in their native State being poor, indeed. The elder Kirk- patrick was a man of considerable note in his day. He was a member of the constitutional convention in 1817, and was instru- mental in the preparation of the first constitution of the State. In 1826 he was offered the position of circuit clerk of Madison county, but, on account of private duties, declined the honor. He was for some years county judge of ^Ladison county. The old log school-house, with its slab seats, puncheon floors, and window lights of greased paper, was the only institution of learning that Joseph ever attended; but, poor as were the school facilities afforded, he there laid the foundation of an education which in after years served as a basis for more extensive reading and the application of the knowledge gained to the proclamation of the gospel of Christ. The same general traits of character exhibitedin manhood were shown while a mere boy and in youth. He was kind, pleasant and agreeable in his intercourse with his companions, and ever ready to do a good deed. In the care of brothers and sisters younger than himself, he was ever watchful. An incident happened when HISTORY OV m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 387 he was only eiglit years of age that is indelibly impressed u[ion his mind. While playing upon the bank of a stream with two brothers, one older and one younger than himself, the younger fell into the water, which at that place was very deep. The elder brother waded in, and was carried down the stream to the oppo- site side and drowned. The younger, by some means, floated upon the water, and was carried down the stream, which being observed by Joseph, he hurried down a few yards where the water was shallow, pulled him out upon the shore, and thus saved his life. This l)rother is yet living, and a citizen of Adams county, Illinois. AVhcn only eleven years of age he made a profession of religion and united with the M. E. church, retaining his connection there- with until the present time ; and among this zealous and God-fear- ing people he has faithfully labored for many years, and, in the hands of God has been instrumental in the salvation of many souls. In 1832 he was licensed by the quarterly conference, at Jacksonville, as a local preacher, continuing this relation lor six years, when he joined the traveling connection, being appointed to the Fort Madison, Iowa, circuit. A short time after entering upon this field of labor, he was ordained Deacon by Bishop Soule. As such he served for two years, when he was ordained Elder by Bishop Wah. Elder Kirkpatrick has done a great deal of itine- rant worli, and his labors have been blessed of God. He was the first traveling preacher in Iowa City ; traveled seven years in the State of Iowa, and was then transferred to the Northern, now Cen- tral Illinois Conference, of which body he is yet a member. At present he is a superannuated minister, being too old for the regular work, but he is by no means idle. Frequently he is called upon by the Presiding Elder, and other ministers, to fill their ap- pointments, which is done to the satisfaction of those who are per- mitted to attend his services. In the evangelical field he has la- bored considerably, and in protracted efibrts he has been eminent- ly successful. Being a plain, practical speaker, with a heart full of love to God and humanity, he presents the truths of the gospel in such a manner as to carry conviction to the hearts of his hear- ers. In the Sabbath School work he has likewise manifested in- terest, but the nature of his work has usually been such as to pre- vent himbeing so active in that department as in others. Realiz- ing now the magnitude of the Sunday School, his prayers ever go 388 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. np for those laboring in that part of the Lord's vineyard. In the temperance cause he has always been enlisted, and as opportunity afforded he has spoken upon this important subject. Some years before he entered upon the ministry, Elder Kirk- patrick was united in marriage with Miss Meriel K. Pratt, in Sangamon county, Illinois. Six children did the Lord give unto them, four sons and two daughters, three sons and one daughter yet residing upon this side of the river, the others having passed on before. The wife of Elder Kirkpatrick has indeed been a "help-meet" unto him. "While he was away proclaiming the unsearchable riches of Christ, Mrs. Kirkpatrick took upon herself the manage- ment of a large farm, and for many years had full charge of every- thing connected with that work, even when the Eider was at home. That her managemeut was eminently satisfactory will be admitted when we take into consideration the accumulation of property which they now enjoy. The recollection of the Elder of events transpiring in the early day is remarkably good. AVhen but three years of age, he was sent to school, and in this year (1806) occurred an eclipse of the sun, the remembrance of which is still vividly impressed upon his mind. Another event was the murder of a family of eight per- sons by the Indians, which occurred about eight miles from his father's house, in IBIL An earthquake also occurred in this year, or the following one, which shook the houses for miles around. But time would fail us to record the many scenes which he has passed through. If we but think that only three years of the present century had passed, and fifteen years before Illinois was admitted to the Union, when he was born, and that all the re- markable events which have since occurred he has been an eye wit- ness, or been cognizant of, we can realize something of his life history. The war of 1812, the Mexican war, the war of the rebel- lion, the invention of the steamboat, the railroad car, the tele- graph, the steam printing press, all these within his recollection. In the war of the rebellion Mr. Kirkpatrick sent two sons, As- bury and William B., who served with honor to themselves and their country. They were engaged in several of the most im- portant battles of the war. No more loyal man or stronger Re- publican ever lived than Elder J. L. Kirkpatrick. At the age of seventy-four he is yet in the enjoyment of good health, and that HISTORY OF m'dOXOUGH COUNTY. 389 he may live manj more years, and when called to his home in the sweet by-and-bye, may he receive one of the brightest crowns. Of his good wife, who, as we have remarked, has been truly a " help-meet " to him during the long years of their married life, may her end be peace and joy, and as she passes away may she receive the welcome announcement, "Well done, good and faith- ful servant, enter thou into the joys of thy Lord." 11—15 390 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. CHAPTER XXXI. POLITICAL. roliticall}', McDonough county has always been classed among the close or doubtful counties, neither party having sufficient strength at any time to claim it with certainty. For the first ten years of its existence party lines were not drawn, the citizens of the county exercising the rights of the elective franchise as each thought best for his own interest, or the interest of the country. The anti-Clay party, in general elections, always carried the day, but in local elections the best men were generally selected, regard- less of whether they favored the one party or the other. In the selection of County Commissioners locality had more to do than anything else; the county being divided into three districts each one desired to be represented. 1830-39. — We have no record of a party caucus or convention being held previous to 1840, unless it might be said that a meet- ing held in Middletown in 1838, by the Democrats, in which an eftbrt was made to concentrate their votes on Jesse Neece, one of their candidates for Sheritf, could be called one. At this elec- tion there were five candidates for the office of Sheriti', three Democrats and two Whigs, and at this meeting in Middletown it was hoped to etiect an arrangement by which Mr. Xeece could get the combined party strength. The eflfbrt failed. The Whigs generally concentrated on William H. Randolph, one of their can- didates, and he also being personally popular was elected, the first Whig ever elected to office in the county. 1840. — Both the Democratic and Whig parties held regular conventions, and nominated straight tickets, the first regular party conventions ever held in the county. This was the year of the "hard cider campaign," one of the most exciting political cam- paigns in the history of this country. Mass meetings were held, HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY 391 in which the old log cabin, representiug the lowly origin of tlie Whig candidate for President, Gen. William H. Harrison, was car- ried around, and hard cider flowed like water. The same general interest and excitement that prevailed elsewhere, were exhibited here. Large gatherings of both parties were held in various parts of the county, and party feeling ran high. The Whigs, on the fourth of July, held a mass meeting and barbecue in Macomb, and the Democrats denounced the act as a desecration of the day, and a blight settling afterwards upon the grove in which the meeting was held, was said by them to be a judgment of the Almighty against their proceedings. The Whigs charged th'e Democrats with being likewise guily of a desecration of the day, it it could be so called, in holding a public meeting in the vicinity of Spring Creek. In justice to the Democrats, we must say that they vehemently denied its being a political gathering, but only a meeting for the proper celebration of the nation's birthday. After a most exciting time, the Whigs carried the county by ma- jorities ranging from twenty-live to forty-flve — Colonel W. W. Bailey, candidate for the Legislature, receiving the former ma- jority, and General Harrison the latter. Among the incidents related of this campaign, was one of John Gibson, who lived near Middletown. He was a strong Democrat, but had formerly been a soldier under General Harrison, and had the utmost respect for the old warrior. Though he would not vote for his old general, he allowed no one to speak evil of him in his presence, and would get flghting mad if any one dared to do so, and shaking his fist in the face of the of the offender, he would say : "Sonny, don't say that ; if you do, I will hit you." 1842. — The Whigs again carried the county, electing their whole ticket, by majorities ranging from sixteen to twenty-two, with the exception of Coroner, Charles Chandler being beaten by Benjamin B. Head twenty-two votes. 1843. — The tide now turned, and the Democracy carried the county by majorities ranging from eleven to one hundred and fort}-- tive, excepting on County Treasurer, Iverson L.'^Twyman, Whig, being elected over Jesse M. Chapman, the Democratic candidate, one hundred and seventeen votes. The cause of the latter's defeat was attributed to his being a minister of the gospel, there being a prejudice in the minds of many against voting for one of his class lor an office. At this election the interest all centered in the can- 392 HisTORV OF m'donough county. didates for Congress, lion. Cyrus AValker, Whig, and lion. James P. Hoge, Democrat. Mr. Walker at this time was living in Ma- comb, and had a practice which extended over the whole north- western part of the State and in Iowa. It was no doubt against his will that he accepted the nomination for Congress, he refusing the proffered honor time and again. As mentioned in another part of this work, the Mormons had settled in large numbers in the adjoining count}^ of Hancock, and now held the balance of power in this Congressional District. In order, therefore, to secure vic- tory, it was necessary to secure the Mormon vote. Mr. Walker, having on one or two occasions served very successfully as counsel lor Joe Smith, the Mormon prophet, was considered by the Whigs the most available man they could present to catch this vote; that with him as a leader, they would, without doubt, secure the votes of the Mormons, and thus carry the district. Joe Smith, the prophet, and George Smith, a leading bishop in the church, formerly an elder in the Presbyterian Church at Ma- comb, and well known to Mr. Walker, both Avrote, urging him to become a candidate and pledging him the Mormon vote. Thus solicited, Mr. W. became a candidate and entered into the canvass with his whole soul, traveling through the district and speaking night and day as opportunity offered. In the meantime the Dem- ocrats were not idle, and were not disposed to give up the Mor- mon vote without a struggle. Some time before the canvass com- menced, Joe Smith was arrested on a requisition from the Gov- ernor of Missouri and delivered to the agent from that State. The writ was returned satisfied. Before getting the prisoner out of the State, however, he was released on a writ of habeas corpus issued by some Mormon justice in ISTauvoo, allowable through some peculiar construction of the charter of that city. After losing their man, the Missouri officers immediately ap- plied to Gov. Ford, of this State, to renew the writ and send a force of militia to cxet^ute it. Mr. Walker went to Springfield to resist the application, and the governor for certain reasons refused to give his opinion in the case.* The Democratic managers had in this fact a weapon they used in an effectual manner to terrify the Mormons with — the idea that if they voted for the Whig can- didate the militia Avould be brought against them. Backinstos, a leading Democrat in Hancock county, went to Springfield, and /'See Ford's History, p. 316. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 393 Governor Ford being absent, a leading Democrat in that city, in his name, gave a promise that if the Mormons voted the Demo- cratic ticket, the militia should not be used against them. They now resolved to drop Walker and take up lloge.f On Saturday before the election, Hiram Smith, brother of Joe, in a public address delivered in jSTauvoo, told the Mormons thai the Lord had revealed to him that if they voted against Hoge, a greater curse would befall them than befell them in Missouri ; therefore, "when the Lord speaks, let men obey." Word was sent Mr. Walker a few days before this that the Mormons would probably forsake him, and he at once went to Xauvoo and sought out Joe Smith for an explanation. lie was present when Hiram delivered his address, and was very indignant over the matter. Joe Smith, likewise, appeared to be very angry with Hiram, and told ^Ir. Walker he would yet make it all right with him, and that he himself the next day (Sunday) would speak to the people in his favor. Agreeable to his promise, he spoke for about an hour, eulogizing Mr. Walker very highly, declaring that he was no politician, but an honest man ; denounced those who should consult the Lord as to how they should vote, and declared that if any should do it, he should be cut off' from salvation ; said he should vote for his friend Mr. Walker. But in his hour's speech one thing was noticed : that notwithstanding the strong terras in which he denounced those who should consult the Lord as to how they should vote, he said : "Brother Hiram is the elder brother;" "Brother Hiram never has deceived this people;" "Brother Hiram loves this people ;" "When the Lord commands, the people must obey." The next day Joe did vote for Mr. Walker, but the bal- ance of the Mormons voted for Mr. Hoge, and elected him, as the Lord had commanded.* In this county, and in other counties in the district. Walker was denounced by some of the Whigs for trying to get the Mormon vote, and it is said he lost as many of their votes on this account as would have elected him. A good story is related at Mr. Walker's expense in reference to this mat- ter. On returning home from Nauvoo, the day after the election, he was met just west of the square, on Jackson street, Macomb, by some of his friends, who were anxious to learn the result of the election. "Well, ^Ir. AValker,'' said one, "how is it going?" "I am beat," said he. "Why, how is that?" "0, the Lord spoke to tSee Fonl, p. 317. -Hawkins Taylor, in Carthage Gazette, January 5, 1870. 394 HISTOEY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. Hiram Smith, and the Mormons all voted the Democratic ticket." John Long, a Scotch Democrat, overhearing the hitter's remark, spoke lip : "Look here, Mr. Walker, don't you know that when- ever the Lord speaks He always speaks Democratic ?" Not deign- ing a reply, Mr. AValker gave his horse a (nit and rode ofl'. 1844. — At the August election the Whigs carried athe county by a small majority, except on Congressman and State Senator, while in November James Iv. Polk, Democratic candidate for President, received a majority of live votes over Henry Clay, Whig. In the November election about two hundred less vote« were polled than in August, showing but little interest, caused, douljtloss, by a general apprehension that the State would be Democratic anyhow. 1845. — A light vote was polled, politics not seeming to enter into the canvass at all. Ivobert Bean was elected County Commis- sioner, Charles Chanrller School Commissioner, And W. W. Clay- ton Coroner. 1846. — For State officers the Democrats carried the county by a small majority, while the Whigs elected the county officers by majorities ranging from thirty-three to ninety-iive, showing per- sonal popularity of their nominees. William H. Randolph was elected to the Legislature and David Lawson, Sheriff. 1847. — County officers equally divided. At a special elec- tion in April the Democrats elected their candidates for mem- bers of the Constitutional Convention, sending James M. Camp- bell and John Huston. Isaac Grantham was elected County Clerk and Joel Pennington Commissioner, both Democrats. 1848. — The Whigs were again victorious, Zachary Taylor beat- ing Lewis Cass 23 votes. In county officers the Democracy suc- ceeded in electing two of their candidates, Samuel Calvin being elected County Commissioner over Man kin Champion, and John P. Head, Coroner, without any regular opposition. 1849. — We lind the Democrats again in power, carrying the counties by majorities ranging from 23 to 92. .lohn 0. C. Wilson, Whig candidate fo? School Commissioner, was elected without opposition. 1850. — The Democracy still victorious; majorities ranging from 5 to 13C. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 895 1851. — The Whigs carried the Treasurer and School Commis- sioner, while the Democrats elected their candidate for Surveyor without opposition. 1852. — As a national party, the Whigs made their last great eflbrt for control of affairs in the nation, nominating General Win- field Scott, a hero in the Mexican war. They made a strenuous eflortto secure his election. In this county the excitement ran pretty high, and a full vote was cast at the election, the Whigs carrying it by majorities ranging from 1 to 87 — Scott having a majority of 2. 1853. — The Democracy again came to the front, electing their candidates by from 60 to 81 majority. 1854. — This was the last year the Whig party put forth candi- dates for office. In this election they were again unsuccessful. As a national party, it was considered as good as dead, and there- fore, even in this county, where the chance of success was as good as that of the opposition, they could awaken no enthusiasm. The Democrats carried the county by majorities ranging from 24 to 142, with the exception of the member of the legislature, L. H. Waters (Whig), being elected over John E. Jackson bj^ a majority of one vote. Mr. Waters ran not only as a Whig candi- date, but as a Temperance candidate, doubtless receiving some few votes from Democrats who were favorable to the Maine liquor law, an effort being made to secure the passage in this State of a similar law. Mr. Jackson, believing fraud had been perpetrated on the part of the opposition, notified Mr. Waters that he should contest the election ; and the latter, feeling that the question could best be settled by appealing again to the people, sent in his resig- nation to the governor, who accepted it and issued an ©rder for a new election on Saturday, December 30. Both parties, metaphor- ically speaking, again stripped themselves for the contest, and the battle was warm, indeed, resulting in the election of Mr. Waters by a majority of nineteen votes. 1855. — The Democracy this year had things all their own way, no opposition being made. The "Know ISTothing," or American party, which was then said to be secretly organizing, probably had not 3'et sufficient strength to manifest itself. 1856. — On the death of the Whig party, there sprang up two parties, neither of which could really claim to possess any of the vital principles that gave power to the old party. The Ameri- 396 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. can party, believing the country in danger by the influx of for- eigners and the alarming growth of the Roman Catholic power, emblazoned on their banners, " Americans must rule America ;" "Put none but Americans on guard." Republicans plead for " Equal rights to all : free press and free speech." The American party made very rapid growth in many of the States, particularly in the South, while the Republican party only secured a foothold in the North, its principles being deemed antagonistic to some of the peculiar institutions of the South. In 1856 we find both these parties in this county in very considerable numbers, each striving for power, and both battling against a common enemy, the Demo- cratic party. A partial alliance was formed between them for the purpose of securing local offices. The American party, though outnumbering tlie Republican, was at a disadvantage, having no newspaper organ through which to express its views. In the Con- gressional District, of which McDonough county formed a part, in consequence of a vacancy existing, two candidates were nomi- nated for the long and short term, and it was generally agreed be- tween the two parties that if the Americans would vote for Jack- son Grimshaw, the Republican candidate for the long term, the Republicans would vote for Dr. J. B. Kjde, the American candi- date for the short term. As will be observed by reference to the official vote recorded elsewhere, the arrangement was pretty gener- rally carried out. For county offices the Americans made no nominations, it being understood the Republican candidates were not objectionable to them. See table for the general result of the election. 1857. — The American party showed no signs of life, and the Republicans only polled about the same vote as the year previous, thus giving the county to the Democrats by a large majority. 1858. — By reference to the vote, it would seem the Republican party now embraced about all the membership of the old Amer- ican party, only losing the election by an average majority of 200. 1859. — From the returns for this year, it appears that the Dem- ocrats only polled about three-fourths their regular vote, and the Republicans about one-half, showing considerable apathy on the part of both parties. The Democratic majorities were from 480 to 566. 1860. — We now come to the memorable campaign of 1860, one during whicH there was intense excitement throughout the country. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. o97 uot equalled even by the hard cider contest of 1840. The two favorite sons of Illinois were now rival candidates for the Presi- dency, and such an effort was put forth by the friends of each to carry the State as was never witnessed before or since. This county, being exceedingly close, was made a battle ground. Some of the best speakers in the State, of both parties, were sent here ; monster meetings were held by each ; the "Wide-awakes" and "Hickory Boys" were out in force, and immense efforts were put forth to influence votes. Both State and County tickets, of each of the parties, were claimed to be unexceptionable. A vast amount of money was spent ; and the final result was, the Repub- licans carried the county by majorities ranging from 11 to 127, though losing it on the Presidential vote, Douglas carrying it over Lincoln by 11 votes. John Bell, the Union candidate for presi- dent, received 62 votes and John C. Breckinridge 6. A larger vote was polled at this election than ever before, and the charge of fraud was made by both parties, each against the other, with what truth has really never been determined, and probably never will be. 18G1-64. — During the next four years, viz., in 1861, 1862, 1863, and 1864, the Democrats had everything their own way, carry- ing the county generally by very respectable majorities, save in the year 1864, when the vote was very close, the Republicans suc- ceeding in electing their candidate for Sheriff by a majority of five, the Democrats carrying the rest of their ticket by an average majority of about twenty-five. 1865. — This year the Republicans made a great effort to wrest the county from the control of the Democracy, and succeeded in electing their ticket by majorities ranging from 8 to 112. 1866. — The eff'ort made in 1865 was continued this year, when the county went Republican by the largest majority ever obtained. The smallest majority received by any one of their candidates was 290 and the largest 424. 1867. — The Democrats again succeeded in electing their county ticket, their candidate for Treasurer receiving a majority of 17 and Surveyor 123. 1868. — U. S. Grant carried the county b}' two hundt-ed and fourteen votes over Horatio Seymour, and the State ancl county Republican tickets obtained from one hundred and fitty-four to 398 HISTORY OF MCDONOUGH COUNTY. two hundred and fifteen majority. Considerable interest was man- ifested by both parties, and a thorongh canvass was made by each. 1869. — Again the Democracy came to the front, electing their entire ticket by majorities all the way from seventeen to one hun- dred and seventy-three. 1870. — The Democracy again in front, electing their candidates by majorities ranging from ninety-seven to one hundred and six- ty-two. 1871. — Considerable scratching this year, the Republican candi- date for Treasurer running behind his ticket. 1872. — The Democracy of the country united with the Liberal Republi'^ans and nominated Horace Greeley for President. This nomination was endorsed by the Democracy of this county, the great mass of the party heartily supporting the ticket, though there were a few who did not support Greeley, as will be seen by reference to the returns. Grant's majority in the county was 197, while the State ticket of the Republicans only received an aver- age majority of about eighty-eight. The personal popularity of the Republican candidates for local offices, caused them to run ahead of their ticket, I. Is". Pearson receiving a majority of 275 votes, and Samuel Frost 241. 1873. — This year the opposition to Republicans called them- selves Anti-Monopolists, and, by uniting the entire Democratic strength with the votes of such Republicans who were Grangers or Anti-Monopolibts, succeeded in electing their entire ticket by majorities ranging from 172 to 226. 1874. — This year there was a triangular fight, three parties be- ing in the field — Democratic, Republican and Independent, the or- ganization known as the Anti-Monopoly party having been aban- doned or merged into the Independent. About seven-eighths of the regular vote of the county was polled, the Republicans being successful over both the other parties. 1875. — This year but little interest was manifested, there again being three tickets in the field, and the opposition to the Republi- cans having little hope, in their divided state, of being successful, but a small vote was polled, the Republican candidates receiving a majority over both. 1876. — Success in various States for two years gave the Democ- racy increased hope of again coming to the front. WefiLd them HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 399 this year thoroughly re-orgauizecl, and under the old party name. Certain abuses in the administration of the civil service of the couutr^^, gave the party a chauce to demand a change, and under the cry of "Reform," they went into the canvass with a determina- tion to win. In this county there were again three tickets, the In- dependent party making their tight upon the tinancial question. The local tickets of all parties were unexceptionable, and, on pei-- fional grounds each tried to obtain votes. The principal candi- dates for local ofiice ran ahead of their tickets in their respective towns, which certainly speaks well for them. AVith this, the political history of the county is brought down to the present time, and by reference to the returns given below, it will be seen how close has been the result year by year. In conse- quence of this closeness the canvass has usually been very warm, and as a general thing men of unexceptionable personal character have been nominated, each party trusting the personal popularity of its nominees will increase their vote. It has been well for our county that such has been the case, as it has had a tendency to make each more watchful of the interests of the people, and not so much that of party. Below will be found a carefully compiled record of election re- turns for each year since the organization of the county: isr,0. GOVERNOR. Vote. Majority. William Kinney 5<; -19 John Keynolds 7 REPRESENTATIVE. Benjamin V. Geel 'l-'i 26 Joel Wright I'J SHERIFF. William Southward 28 1 William Garret 27 Peter Bilyer f? CORONER. Isaac Barrett 41 19 John Seward 23 1831. CONfJRESS James Gurney (lonfrterm) 1J2 126 Sydney Breese (long term) 16 Joseph Dunean (short term) 140 121 E. Coles (short term) 16 1832. PRESIDENT. Andrew Jackson 12S 107 Henry Clay 21 1831. GOVERNOR. Joseph Dunean 187 117 William Kinney '2 Joseph MeLaughlln 17 STATE SENATOR. (;. W p. MeMackville 183 67 Wm. Chapman !!•> 400 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. 1834. Vote. Majority. CONGRESS. William S. May 229 161 Benjamin Mills 68 REPRESENTATIVE. William Eflmondson 2:?9 15'J Peter Butler 80 1835. CIRCUIT CLERK. James M. Caranbell 304 204 Thompson Chandler 100 COUNTY SURVEYOR. C. W. Bacon 175 17 W. W. Bailey 74 A. Maylield 1,38 1836. PRESIDENT. Martin VanBnren ].V,> 35 William H. Harrison 124 CONGRE.SS. William L. May 303 103 John G. Stuart 200 1837. PP.OnATE .lUsTICE. William Willi.s, Dem 176 Peachy Gilmore, Dem 183 7 Richard S. Lowe, Whig 83 Henry H, Hardin, Whig M CORONER. John P. Head, Dem 2.38 87 John L. RiLssell, Whig 151 Robert L. Kussell, Dem 6 COUNTY TREASURER. Benjamin Naylor, Whig (no oppo.sition) 394 CIRCUIT CLERK. James M. Campbell, Dem. (no opposition) 439 1838. GOVERNOR. Cyrus EdwarSs, Whig 332 Thomas Carlin, Dem 382 50 CONGRESS. Stephen A. Douglas, Dem ,365 JohnG. Stuart,;Whig , 866 1 STATE SENATOR. Thomas H. Owens, Dem 342 Sydney H. Little, Whig 36S 26 SHERIFF. W. H. Randolph (no opposition) CORONER. Caleb G. Overton (no opposition) 1839. COUNTY CLERK. .Tames M. Campbell, Dem .511 288 Isaac Grantham, Whig 223 PROBATE .IISTICE. James Clarke, Dem „ 415 113 William Willis, Whig : 297 COUNTY CO.MMISSIONER. James Kdmonston, Dem 391 86 Caville Archer, Whig 306 COUNTY SURVEYOR. Samuel A. Hunt, Dem 488 33^ Newtoii W. Chase, Whig 152 C. L. Overton, Whig 99 COUNTY TREASURER. Jessie M. Chapman Dem 341 221 Charles M. liartlcson, Wliig 128 Benjamin T. Naylor, Whig 186 HISTORY OF M'uONOUGH COUNTY. 401 1840. puEsiDEXT. Vote. Majority. Williiiin II. Harrison, Whig 472 45 Martin Van Buren, Dem 4'27 RF.PRE.', Brvant. Dem xn W. H. Randolph, Wnig 578 47 402 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 1844. Vote. Majority. SHERIFF. Jonathan H. Baker, Dem .%9 David Lawsoii, Whig 587 28 COUNTY COMMISSIONER. Harrison TIiinKate, Dem 5.56 John G. Woodside, Whig 576 20 CORONER. James Anderson, Whig 781 715 B. B. Head, Dem 66 SCHOOL COMMISSIONER. Charles Chandler, Whig 767 PRF.SIDENT. James K. Polk 48J 5 Henry Clay 479 At the election in Angust, 1845, a light vote was polled, and politics do not seem to have entered into the contest to any great extent. Robert Bean was elected Commissioner ; Charles Chandler, School Commissioner, and W. W. Clayton, Coroner. 1846. GOVERNOR. Vote. Majority. Augustus C. French, Dem .')~0 ;;8 Thomas M. Kilpatrick, Whig 542 CONGRESS. Thomas J. Turner, Dem 507 2't JamesKnox, Whig 542 REPRESENTATIVE. W. H. Randolph, Whig 565 77 James M. Campbell, Dem 488 COUNTY CLERK. Isaac Grantham, Dem 56'> 33 Isaac G. Smith, Whig 5:30 SHERIFF. David Lawson, Whig 612 9} Samuel A. Hunt, Dem 517 COUNTY COMMISSIONER. Joel Pennington, Dem ,587 90 Samuel Wilson, Whig 497 SURVEYOR. H. J, C. Averill, Whig 5.52 35 Jeremiah L. Cross, Dem , 517 1847. DELEGATE TO CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION. James M. Campb;!!, Dem 378 50 J. P. Gates. Whig 328 JOINT DELEGATE TO CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION. John Huston, Dem 407 97 John H. Mitchell, Whie 310 PROIiATE .JUDGE. Williams. Hail, Whi^ 444 53 Charles C. Hungate, Dem 391 RECORDER. William T. Head, Den\ 4.53 182 Nelson Montgomery, Whig 271 COUNTY TREASURER. John W. Westfall, Dem 448 130 William L. Broaddus. Whig 318 SURVEYOR. Henry J. Averill, Whig 439 104 Ephraim Swingle, Dem » 335 COUNTY CLERK. Isaac Grantham, Dem. (no oppo.sition) 648 1848. PRESIDENT. Zachary Taylor, Whig 437 23 Lewis Cass, Dem 416 Martin VanBuren, Free-soil 25 HISTORY OF m'dOXOUGH COUNTY. 403 18-lf*. Vote. Majority. REPRESENTATIVE. Josiah Iliirrison, Whig 583 41 George Bughmaii, Dein 542 SHERIFF. David Lawson, AVhig .* G02 45 Jonathan H. Baker, Duni 557 COUNTY commission?;r. Mankin Chnmiiioii, Whig 568 Samuel C'alvin, Dem 574 6 SURVEYOR. James W. Brattle Whig _ 571 19 Samuel L.Clark, Di^m 418 Samuel Clark, Dem 134 CORONER. John P. Head, Dera 6.52 Scattering 62 1849. COUNTY JUDGE. James Clarke, Dem 606 43 Thomas A. Booking, Whig 563 COUNTY CLERK. Isapc Grantham, Dem 612 41 Joseph E. Wyne, Whig 571 COUNTY TREASURER. William T. Heaa, Dem 633 92 William S. Hail, Whig 541 SURVEYOR, William H. Rile, Dem 590 23 James W. Brattle, Whig 507 John O. C. Wilson was elected School Commissioner without opposition. This was the first elec- tion under the new constitution, and was held in November. 1850. REPRESENTATIVE. John H. Huston, Dem 543 107 James B. Kyle, Whig 436 CONGRE.SS. Thompson Campbell, Dem 532 96 Martin P. Sweet, Whig 436 SHERIFF. William T. Head. Dem 519 * 136 Joseph P. Updegrair, Whig 413 COUNTY TREASURER. Samuel E. Tavlor, Dem 476 5 G. L. FarwelC Whig 276 William Cheney, Wliig 195 CORONER. Lewis Graves, Dem 538 109 Jvjhn S. Smith, Whig 429 li:5]. COUNTY TREA.SURER. Samuel E Taylor, Dem 441 John S. Wooley, Whig 443 7 SURVEYOR. \V. H. Rile, Dem 569 558 Scattering 11 SCHOOL COM.MISSIONER. J. O. C. Wilson, Whig 3S3 C8 John E, Jackson, Dem 315 GENERAL BANKING LAW. For 472 1 Against 471 1852. GOVERNOR. Joel A. Matteson, Dem S41 E. B. Webb, Whig 814 3 404 HISTORY OF m'donough county. 1852. ' Vote. Majority. PRESIDENT. Winfickl Scott, Wliig 8^0 2 Franklin Pierce, Dem 8;?8 Jolin I'. Hale, Abol « CONGRESS. \V. A. Richardson, Pern 836 O. II. Browning, Whig 869 28 STATE SENATE. J. M. CampVjell, Dem 790 ;. W. Singleton, Whig 820 30 REPRESENTATIVE. John Huston, Dem 816 J. M. Kandolph, Whig, 858 42 CIRCUIT CXEP.K. W. H. Randolph, Whig 8:38 3 W. T. Head, Dem 835 SHERIFF. S H. Hogan, Dem 758 .30 Dr. C. Gillihan, Whig , 728 B. B. Head, Ind. Dem -. 163 PROSECUTING ATTORNEY. J. S. Bailv, Dem 402 D. H. Giimer, Whig 549 87 CORONER. Graves, Dem 8.33 McCaiidless, Whig S41 8 1853. COUNTY JUDGE. Thompson Chandler, Dem 796 74 W. H. Franklin, Wliig 722 ASSOCIATE JUSTICES. Samuel Calvin, Dem 807 95 Silas J. Grigsb}-, Dem aSI 103 William S. Hail, Whig 734 James S. Hogan, Whig .. 712 COUNTY CLERK. Isaac Grantham, Dem ■ 804 81 Joseph W. Blount 723 COUNTY TREASURER. S. H. McCandless, Whig 721 T. B. MeCormiek, Dem 794 SURVEYOR. William H. Rile, Dem 7«3 W. i'. Barrett, Wliig 716 67 SCHOOL COMMISSIONER. J. R. Simpson, Dem 777 60 Alankin Champion, Whig 717 1854. ' CONGRESS. W. A. Richardson. Dem 865 24 Arch. Williams, Wliig 831 REPRESENTATIVE. Louis H. Waters, Pro. and Whig 819 i John E. Jackson, Dem 818 John Osborne, Rep 1 COUNTY TREASURER. Francis 1). Lipc, Dem OOO 142 John S. Holliday, Whig 704 CORONER. David Reese, Whig _ 796 35 Benjamin F. Broaddns, Dem 7G1 John Friend, Dem 19 1855. COUNTY TREASURER. John Knappenberger, Dem 324 201 E. B. Bishop, Whig \m Scattering -j'j HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 405 1855. Vote. Majority. SURVEYOR. Charles A. Gilehrist, Whig 247 81 Samuel A. Hunt, Dem 141 Scattering 25 SCHOOL COMMISSIONER. Thomas E. Brannon, Dem 318 Scattering 28 185G. PRESIDENT. James Buehanan, Dem 1,370 515 John C. Fremont, Rep 590 Millard Fillmore, Am 8b4 COVERNOR. W. A. Richardson, Dem 3,390 302 AV. H. Bissell, Rep 1,088 B. S. Morris, Am 315 CONGRE.SS. I. N. Morris, Dem. (long term) 1,388 Jackson Gr.mshaw, Rep. (long term) 1,417 29 J. C. Davis, Dem. (short term) 1,357 lb5 J. B. Kyle Am. (short term) 1,162 Thomas C. Sharp, Rep. (short term) 255 STATE SENATOR. W. C. Goudy. Dem 1,3% W. II. Franklin, Rep 1.42G 30 REPRESENTATIVE. *Vandever Banks, Rep 1,444 20 George Hire, Dem 1..424 CIRCUIT CXERK. Wm. T Head, Dem 1,464 126 Joseph E. Wyue, Rep 1,338 SHERIFF. George A. Taylor, Dem 1,496 174 l&aiah Dennis, Kep 1,322 CORONER. Benjamin T. Broaddus, Dem 1,385 J. H. Epperson, Rep 1,418 33 1857. COUNTY JUDGE. Thompson, Chandler, Dem 1,213 631 W. 8. Hail, Rep 579 COUNTY CLERK. Isaac Grantham, Dem ,... 1,296 829 Daniel Negley, Rep 467 COUNTY TREASURER. J. Knappenberger, Dem l,2'2.i 675 George B. Calvin, Rep 550 SURVEYOR. Samuel A. Hunt, Dem 1,221 603 C. A. Gilchrist, Rep 558 SCHOOL COMMISSIONER. Joseph C. Tliompson, Dem 1,217 1,212 Scattering 35 1S58. SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION. A. C. French, Dem 1,951 183 N. Bateman, liep 1,768 CONORESS. I. N. Morris, Dem 1,914 170 J. Grimshaw, Kep 1,774 REPRESF.NTATIVE. William Berry, Dem 1,9.')7 192 C. R. Uume, Rep 1,765 - Bushnell precinct was thrown out by the Board of Canvassers. This precinct gave Banks 87 and. Hire 29 for Representative. The certificate of election was given to Hire. H— 26 406 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 1858. Vote. Majority. SHERIFF. F. D. Lipe, T)em I,9fi8 215 Strader, Kep 1,753 COKONER. J. H. Swigart, Dem 1,911 177 Neff, Kep l,7i>l 1859. COUNTY CLEKK. J. H. Baker, Dem 1, lifi 480 J.E. Wyue, Rep 946 COUNTY TREASURER. .John Knappenberger, Dem l,A7i') 576 Lawrence Nihill, Kep 9U0 SURVEYOR. S. A. Hunt. Dem 1,464 55G Thomas Gilmore, Rep 9U8 SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENT. J. C. Thompson, Dem 1,460 566 W. E. Withrow, Rep »91 1860. PRESIDENT. John C. Breckinridge, Dem • 6 John Bell, Union 62 Abraham Lincoln, Rei) 2,255 Stephen A. Douglas, Dom 2,266 11 GOVERNOR. James Allen, Dem 2,2SS Richard Yates. Rep 2,800 17 Thomas M. Hope, Dem 4 CONGRES.S. William A. Richardson, Dem 2,284 iienjamiu M. Prentiss, Rep 2,209 15 REPRESENTATIVE. James D. Walker, Dem 2,071 127 S. H. McCaudless, Rep 1,944 STATE'S ATTORNEY. Thomas E Morgan, Dem 2,301 12 .J. R. Gordon, Rep 2,289 SHERIFF. Harvey T. (iagg, Dem 2,251 iSilas J. Hopper, Rep 2,315 64 CIRCUIT CLERK. William T. Head, Dera 2,289 J. B. Cummings, Rep 2,300 11 CORONER. F. F. Hatch, Dem 2,251 Isaac P. Jlonfort, Rep 2,309 58 1861. DELEGATE TO STATE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION. J. C.Thompson, Union Dem 1,946 414 Carter Van Vleck, Rep 1,532 COUNTY JUDGE. Thompson Chandler, Dem 1,923 403 S. A. Ileudce, Rep 1,520 COUNTY CLERK. Jas. W. Mathews, Dem 1,958 499 Fred. A. Cruser, Rep 1,459 COUNTY TREASURER. John Knappenberger, Dem 1,943 424 Henry C. Twymaii, Rep 1,519 SURVEYOR. Samuel A. Hunt, Dem 1,925 385 James W. Brattle, Rep 1.540 SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENT. Louis A. Simmons, Dem 1,9'!0 384 J. W. Blount, Rep 1,546 IILSTORY OF m'jjONOUGH COUNTY 407 Vote, Majority. 1862. ST.\TK TREASl-RER. Alexander .Starue, Dem 1,9,54 509 Wm. Butler, Rep 1,443 CONGRESSMAN AT LARGE. James C. Allen, Dem 1,954 516 E. C. lugersoU, Rep 1.443 REPRESENTATIVE. L. G. Reed, Dem 1,94.") 503 Geo. F. Hendrickson, Rej) 1,442 SHERIFF. Amos Dixon, r>em 1,946 499 Lawreuce Niliell, Rep 1,446 CORONER. Jeremiah Sullivan, Dem l,9r>7 574 W. K. Scott, Rep 1,443 1863. COUNTY TKEASUKEU. John Knappenberger, Dem 1,837 19 Socrates Stevens, Rep 1,818 SCHOOL COM.MISSIONER. John Barge, Dem 1,S27 13 J. C. Reynolds, Rep 1,S14 SURVEYOR. » A.J. White, Dem 1,833 17 D. C. Folsom, Rep 1,816 1864. PRESIDENT. Abraham Lincoln, Rep 2,145 George B. McClellan, Dem 2,171 26 GOVERNOR. R. J.Oglesby, Rep 2,157 Jas. C. Robinson, Dem 2,182 25 CONGRESS. Hugh Fullerton, Rep 2,154 Lewis W- Ross, Dem 2,180 26 STATE SENATOR. James Strain, Rep 2,1.53 Henry K. Peffer, Dem 2,181 28 state's ATTORNEY. p. C. Stearns, Rep 2,1.=S1 T. E. Morgan, Dem 2.182 31 REPRESENTATIVE. Alexander Blackburn, Rep 2,146 .39 William H. Neece, Dem 2,185 CIRCUIT CLERK. John B. Cummings, Rep 2,ir.7 John H. Huugate, Dem 2,170 13 SHERIFF. :? 338 750 340 667 377 7.=)6 332 007 990 05.5 932 721 935 734 933 730 9;J4 729 832 906 753 897 7fi6 891 712 930 72 i 920 288 449 338 392 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 409 18C9 Vote. Majority. SruVEYOR. J. \V. Lavvson, Rep 2. .3.54 W. J. Kdic, Dem ~. 2,38.i 31 SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENT. D. Branch, Rep 2, 248 L.H. CopcIand.Dem 2,421 173 1S70. CONGKESS. B. F. WesUake, Rep 2,2S5 T. W. McNecley, Dera 2,410 125 .STATE .SENATOR. H. S. Senter, Rep 2,28.=> B. R. Hampton, Rep 2,2.57 Thomas B. (^alVen, Dem 2,4C7 122 John S. Bailey, Dcra _ 2,419 102 REI'RE.SENTATIVE. George R. Moore, Rep 2,249 William S. Cami>boll, Rep 2,2fil AV. H. Neeoe, Dem 2,447 198 James Manley, Dem 2,403 142 SHERIFF. Charles C. Hays. Rop ^ 2,280 Thomas M\irray, Dem 2,377 97 CORONER. James H. Epperson, Rep 2.274 D. W. Campbell, Dem 2,406 1S2 1871. CONGRESSMAN AT LARGE. J. L. Beveridee, Rep 2,395 Hays, Dem ■ 2, .512 117 COUNTY TREASURER. John E. Lane, Rep 2,271 Wm. M. Lipe, Dem 2,589 31S SURVEYOR. J. W. Siders, Rep 2,404 Jas. Shannon, Dem 2,501 87 1S72. PRESIDENT. T'. S. Grnnt. Rep 2,797 197 Horace Greeley, L'b 2,ti00 Charles O" Conor, Dem 14 GOVERNOR, R. J. OKlesby. Rep 2,800 90 Gustavus Koener, Liberal 2,710 CONGRESS. William H. Rav, R^p 2.720 William H. Neece, Lib 2,799 79 STATE SENATE. Benjamin R. Hampton. Rep 2,7.55 19 Moses A. Luce, Lib 2,730 REPRESENT ATI N B. E. K. Westfall, Rep A,i^V< W. A. Grant, Rop 4,183}^ J. E. Jackson. Lib 4,178'., Alpheus Lewis, Lib 3,899 COUNTY ATTORNEY. Crosbv F. Wheat. Rep 2,8.34 166 John S. Bailey, Lib 2,668 CIRCUIT Cr.ERK. I. N. Pearson, Rep 2,899 275 James A. Mustain, Lib 2,624 SHERIFF. Samuel Frost, Rep 2,841 .244 Thomas Murray, Lib 2,597 CORONER. W. R. Pittman, Rep 2,795 76 Reuben Powell, Lib 2,719 410 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. Voie. Majority. 1873. COUNTY Jl'DGE. James Irwin. Anti-monopoly 2,241 22$ Henderson Ritchie, Rep 2,015 COCNTY CLERK. Allen A. Sparks, Anti-monopoly 2,284 19& AsaK. Owen, Rep 2,089 COUNTY TREASURER. Anthony Thornton. Anti-monopoly 2,229 184! David Brockway, Rep , 2,045 SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENT. John M. Dunsworth, Anti-monopoly 2.241 172: John H. Case, Rep 2,069 1874. SUPERINTENDENT PUBLIC INSTRUCTION. William B. Powell, Rep 2,305 2S Samuel M. Etter, IJem 2,277 CONGRESS. Henderson Ritchie, Rep , 2,295 44 John C. Bagby, Dem. and Ind 2,251 George Meadow 1 STAtE SEN.'i.TOR. John T. Morgan, Rep 2,293 896 James M. Campbell, Dem 1,407 Samuel T. i-helton, Ind 8G4 REPRESENTATIVE. C. W. Boydston, Rep 3,390 John E. Jackson, Dem 4, .321 A. W. Kfng, Rep 3,449% Isaac L. Christy, Ind 2,881>^ SHERIFF. J. B. Venard, Rep 2,297 938 Isaac Oakman, Dem 1,3.59 W. 11. Ledgerwood, Ind 916 CORONER. W, R. Pittman, Rep 2,272 862 Thomas Cox, Dem 1,410 Thomas J. Beard, Ind 893 1875. COUNTY TREASURER. J. W. Siders, Rep 2,088 561 P. Irwin, Dem 1,527 Anthony Thornton, Ind 422 SURVEYOR. B. F. Howard, Rep 2,130 580 Wm. J. Edie, Dem 1,550 Samuel Hunt, Ind 418 CORONER. W. H. Wayland. Rep 2,102 ,534 J. W. Westfall, Dem 1,.56S James Manly, Ind 390 1876. PRESIDENT. Rutherford B. Haves, Rep 2,952 141 Samuel J. Tilden, Dem 2,811 Peter Cooper, Ind 347 GOVERNOR. Shelby M. Cullom, Rep 2,958 I.«wis Stewart, Dem 3,142 18S CONGRESS. Benj. F. Marsh, Rep 2,955 John H. Ilungate, Dem 2,838 I. R. Christie, Ind 313 REPRESENTATIVE. C. W. Boydston, Rep 4,225% E. K. Westfall, Rep 4,476 Charles H. Whitaker, Dem 7,605 J. L. Epperson, Ind 1,908% C:0UNTY ATTORNEY. Crosby F. Wheat, Rep 3,016 19S Geo. S. Fubr, Dem 2,821 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 411 1876. Vote. Mujority. CIRCUIT CLERK. 1. N. Pearson, Rep 3,105 440 N. H.Jackson, Dem 2,665 L. F. Smith, Ind 339 SHERIFF. Charles C. Hnys.IRep 3,009 226 Joseph W. Hays, Dem 2,78:5 Amos Uixou, Ind 305 CORONER. George W. Reid, Rep 2,948 180 Thomas Cox, Dem 2,708 W. L. Simpson, Ind 384 412 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. CHAPTER XXXII. EDUCATIONAL. Progress in this county is nowhere better illustrated than in connection with our public schools. In the early day good schools were like " angels visits, few and far between," and it was consid- ered very fortunate indeed if an opportunity was offered for obtaining even the rudiments of a common school education. A person competent to teach the three branches, commonly and sar- castically spoken of as the three "lis," "Reading, 'Riting and 'Rithmetic," could seldom be obtained. Some of the few scat- tered settlements could not afford to employ a teacher, and were therefore compelled to do without, or send their children through the timber or across the prairie to some more fortunate settlement where a school was in operation. The writer is personally acquainted with some who were sent a distance of six to nine miles, walking the entire distance morning and night of each day, in order that they might avail themselves of the opportunity of acquiring a little knowledge of their mother tongue, and thus fit themselves for the duties of life. IIow different now ! In every township there are from seven to eleven schools in successful operation. Competent teachers are employed, many of whom have spent years in fitting themselves for their vocation, and who make teaching a profession, by preparing themselves as thorough- ly for this work as the lawyer, doctor, or divine are presumed to do. The description given elsewhere of the old log court house will answer for the old-fashioned school house, though, instead of two windows, only one was the custom, and that of six lights 8x10. The school furniture was slab seats for the scholars, a three-legged stool and a hazel or birch rod for the teacher. As for books, but few were needed, the less the better, as the teacher HISTORY OF m'donough county. 413 could get along the more readily. The walls of the school-room were decorated by the artistic hands of the scholars with draw- ings of the teacher, instead of being hung with such beautiful and instructive maps as are now found in all our school buildings. Instead of the beautiful specimens of penmanship now-a-days set for our children to copy, teachers were then employed who, in many instances, could scarcely write their own names. Alto- gether, in the light of to-day, the schools of forty and fifty years ago were very dreary aftairs. William L. "Woodside has the original agreement made between his father, John G. Woodside, and the patrons of his school, which will illustrate the ditterence between then and now. The following is a copy of said agreement: " Articles of agreement made and entered into this first day of April, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-five, by and between John G. Woodside of the one part, and the undersigned of the other part, both of McDonough county, and State of Illinois. I. the above named Woodside, do agree to teach a school in the school house near Levi Parent's for the term of six months, five days in each week, or time to that amount. I do agree to teach spelling, reading, writing and arithmetic to the best of my skill and judgment. I also bind myself to keep good order and pay strict attention to my school. And we, the undersigned, do promise to pay the said Woodside for his sei-vices, one dol- lar per scholar in money, and three dollars in good merchantable wheat, pork, wool, linen, linsey, flax, or work at the market price in this neighborhood, to be delivered at said Woodside's house. The pork to be paid at the usual time of killing, the money part or other articles to be paid at the expiration of the school. And we, the subscribers, do bind ourselves to fix the school house m a comfortable manner. School to commence the first of May, or sooner if the subscribers want it. I, the said Woodside, will begin with twenty scholars, and any large scholar or scholars that will not submit themselves to the rules of said school shall be expelled from said school. And it is to be understood that said Woodside is to have the liberty of teaching his own children. If either of the par- ties should become dissatisfied, the school can be discontinued at the end of three months by the teacher or a majority of the subscribers, either party giving two weeks' notice." By law the sixteenth section ot every township was to be used for school purposes, but there being little or no sale for land, and the government price of $1 25 per acre being all that could be realized from its sale, the income to be derived from it could amount to but little. Subscription schools, therefore, had to be depended upon. The first school in Macomb, if not in the county, paid for from the public treasury was in 1837, and taught by Miss Ellen Overton, who, we believe, still continues to follow the pro- fession of teacher. From this time forward the people began to avail themselves of the privileges of the school law, but not until the last few years was any remarkable progress made. 414 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. The school statistics ot the county are an interesting study. We find there are, under twenty-one years of age, 14,890 per&ons. Of these, 10,878 are between the ages of six and twenty-one, or of school age. There were enrolled during the past year 8,059 pu[)ils in tlie various schools, showing that 2,819 or a little more than one-fourth of the number of those of school age were kept altogether from the schools; but notwithstanding this, there are but fourteen females and thirteen males between the ages of twelve and twenty-one that are unable to read or write. There are 156 school houses having a total value of 8160,420. There were raised for all school purposes the past year $98,237, of which $55,566 were paid teachers ; $5,520 for new school houses; repairs and im- provements, $4,763 ; school furniture, $1,933; fuel and incidental expenses, $6,550 ; for bonds, $6,219 ; interest on bonds, $1,030 ; and a sum for other expenses which added to the above will make a total expenditure for school purposes of $84,45^, or an average of $10.48 for each i:)upil enrolled. The average wages paid male teachers outside of Macomb, Bushnell and Prairie City, is about $43 per month, and female teachers $33. The highest salary paid any male teacher was $135 per month ; the lowest salary, $25. The highest paid any female teacher was $50 ; the lowest $20 per month. The number of first grade certificates granted during 1876 were six; of the second grade, 352. There were 721 appli- cants for certificates, of whom 416 were females. McDonough College. — As early as 1835 a project was set on foot for the establishment of a college in this county, showing that from the start our people took an interest in the cause of educa- tion. A petition signed by a number of the citizens of the county was presented to the Legislature at its session of 1835-36, praying the passage of an act incorporating an institution to be known as McDonough College. The act was passed and approved by the Governor January 12, 1836. By this act William W. Bailey, Charles Hays, Moses Ilinton, William Proctor, James MeCroskey, Joseph G. Walker, George Miller, John M. Walker, Saunders W. Campbell and Alexander Campbell were appointed trustees. Not- withstanding the early day in which this charter was granted it was not until 1851 a full college course was established, though for several years a school of high grade was held in the building. This building was begun in 1835, immediately after the charter was granted, but not completed until the following year. Rev. James HISTORY OF iM'dOXOUGH COUNTY. 415 M. Chase and Rev. Stafford occupied the building for some years with a select school, the Schuyler Presbytery, under whose con- trol and supervision the college was to be, never feeling warranted in reoro-anizino; the college course. In 1848 McGinnis & Banks obtained judgment against the trustees of the college for work performed on the building, and sold the property to satisfy the same, the Masonic Lodge, of Macomb, becoming the purchaser. At this time the Grand Lodge of Masons had in contemplation the establishment of a Masonic college, and the lodge in Macomb thought it advisable to purchase the property and tender it to the Grand Lodge, believing it an inducement to locate the college in that city. At the annual session of the Grand Lodge that year. Dr. J. B. Kyle, in behalf of Macomb Lodge, made a tender of it to that body. The offer was declined, the Grand Lodge having become satisfied it would be unwise to engage in the undertaking it had contemplated. It was then tendered to the Schuyler Pres- bytery on condition that that body should establish and maintain therein a school of high grade, which f)roposition was accepted. A charter for a college, to be known as the McDonougb College, was then obtained, the old charter having been forfeited, we be- lieve. James M. Chase, William F. Ferguson, William Iv. Stew- art, T. S. Yail and W. R. Talbott were made trustees by the said charter. The Masonic Lodge of Macomb then nominated Rev. Ralph Harris to a professorship in the institution, which action was ratified by the Board ot Trustees, on condition that Mr. Har- ris would run the school and receive therefor the tuition fees as his salary. Mr. H. accepted the ofl'er, and on the first Monday in November, 1849, the school was opened, and continued by him for about two years, assisted by Miss Ellen Phelps. On the eleventh of June, 1851, Rev. William F. Ferguson, D. D., was unanimously elected by the Board of Trustees as Presi- dent of the College, at a salary of $700 per year, he to enter upon the discharge of his duties the beginning of the next term, in Sep- tember following. A full college course was decided upon, and the following faculty chosen : Rev. William F. Ferguson, D. D., President, and Professor of Mental and Moral Philosophy, Politi- cal Economy, and Evidences of Christianity; Rev. Ralph Harris, A. M., Professor of Languages ; Thomas Gilmore, Tutor. Mr. Ferguson, as President, took charge of the college in Sep- tember, 1851, but was not formally inaugurated until March, 1852. During the first year there were enrolled 138 students in all the 41G HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. departments, showing a fair degree of prosperity. Prof. Fergu- son continued to act as president up to the daj of his death, which occurred on the fifteenth day of March, 1853. Rev. Ralph Harris was then appointed president ad interim until the regular meeting of the Board of Trustees, and Jaraes W. Matthews, teacher. At this regular meeting Mr. Matthews was elected Pro- fessor of Mathematics and Rev. Ithamer Pillsbury, President. It being impossible for Mr. Pillsbury to accept at once, Rev. John C. King was appointed President mi interim. Mr. King entered upon the discharge of his duties, and continued to act until Mr. Pillsbury^ assumed charge a few months after. Under Mr. Pills- bury's administration the college prospered somewhat for a while, but the Synod of the Presbyterian Church refusing to help the institution, as had been expected, it was found utterly impossible to sustain it; so in 1855 it was closed and the building and grounds reverted to the Masons, and thus ended what ought to have been an honorable and useful institution in McDonough county. Prairie City Academy. — This institution was organized by special charter in the year 1859, in the village of Prairie City, with Prof. Daniel Branch as Principal, and Mrs. S. F. W. Branch, Assistant. For six years Mr. and Mrs. Branch conducted the school in an able manner, graduating quite a number of young gentlemen and ladies. The attendance during this time was quite large, and the school was held in just pride by the citizens of that place. In 1865, Professor and Mrs. Branch resigned their positions in order to move to Macomb, Mr. Branch having been elected County Su- perintendent of Public Schools, and 'desiring to open an office at the county seat. Prof. Weige succeeded in charge of the school. It was continued for about four years longer with failing fortunes, and finally went down, the building being sold to the town, and is now used for common and high school purposes. 3IcDonough. Normal and Scientific College. — In 1865 a charter was obtained from the Legislature of the State for the organization of the above named institution in the city of Macomb. The old col- lege property, situated in the northeast part of the city, was then owned by Dr. B. R. Westfall, a gentleman whose heart is enlisted in the cause of education, and who sold the same to Prof. 1). Branch at a sacrifice, on condition that a school of high grade should be kept in operation therein for ten years. An arrange- ment was then eflectcd between Mr. liranch and the trustees oi HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 417 the newl}' chartered college by which the school was to be carried oil under the charter obtained. This was the beginning of the McDonough Xormal and Scientific College, which has now been in operation for eleven years, and which generally has had a fair degree of pros[)erity. Owning the building and grounds, and also using the same as a home, the expenses of the institution have been light, the receipts from tuition being sufficient to carry on the work without the aid of an endowment fund. Mr. and Mrs. Branch have toiled hard to make the school worthy the patron- age of the citizens of McDonough county, and if their success has not been such as might be expected by the outside world, the reason is certainly apparent to all thinking persons. Some twenty gentlemen and ladies have graduated here, and are now occupy- ing honorable positions in life. A word to the citizens of McDonough with respect to this insti- tution. An opportunity is here offered to build up a college that will De your just pride. Mr. and Mrs. Brancb are willing to dis- pose of the property on reasonable terms to any religious body or private corporation that will take hold and continue the work so well begun by them. Surrounded by the best agricultural region in the State, with abundance of wealth, and with an increasing population, a first-class college could easily be sustained. Let the effort be made. Macomb Femaie Seminary. — Established in 1852, and continued lor but a short time. ELDORADO TOWNSHIP. The schools of this township are np to the standard. Tha buildings, as a class, are good, perhaps equal to any in the county. From the statistics given by townships, in regard to receipts and expenditures for school purposes for the year 1876, it will be seen that Eldorado falls much below that of any other township. Ordinarily, the school ex- penses of Eldorado are as much as any other township, but for 1876 the assessor failed to make such returns as were necessary to collect school taxes. There were, however, three districts properly reported which includes the amount given in the table. School Dihij-ict ^o. 1. — The school house stands upon the northeast corner of sec- tion 11. It is valued at $700. Until 1872, this district was two miles and a Jialf long, north and south. At that time districts 1 and 6 were divided, forming 1, 6, and 7, as now known. The directors are Austin Bowman, Samuel J. Foster, and James H. Bowles. Ja- cob Bailey taught during the winter of 1876-77. and Miss Luella Kimble during the sum- mer of 1877. District No. '2. — The school building is located on the southeast corner of section 4. It is worth but about $1.50. There is a move being made to procure a fund for the erec- 418 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGU COUNTY. tion of a new building. G. H. Mershon, .John Corbitt, and William Beckwith, directorn. Hammond Herron taught during the winter of 187(3-77. and Miss Jennie Bailey during the summer of 1877. Didrict No. 3. — The school house stands on the southwest corner of section 5, and is worth about $400. The directors are Isaac Chandler, Henry Hushaw, and I. W. Dai- ley. Miss Ida Bowman was employed to teach the summer school of 1877, and M. S. Arnold for the winter of 1876-77. Bhtrict No. 4. — The school building which is valued at f 200, is located upon the northeast corner of section 19. W. li. Remmington, Thomas Lawyer, and W. C. Stand- ard, are the present directors. Frank Lawyer taught the winter of 1870-77, and Miss Mary Ausbury during the summer following. Disfrirt No. T). — The school house of No. .5 stands on the northwest corner of section 22. It is a good frame building erected in 1809, at a cost of .f 1,500 ; it is now valued at !$1,000. It is 24x30. This school is familiarly known as "Sixteen." The present Direc- tors are Henry S. Leighty, Louis Bottenburg, and A. J. Herron. Mark Leighty taught during the winter of 1876-77, and Mary Askew, the summer of 1877. District No. 6. — The school house of this district was erected in 1872, at a cost of $800, It is on the southeast corner of section 14. Henry Lambem, William Kimble, and Abraham Liggett, are the Directors. Miss Mary Mathewson taught the first term •of school in the present building, Hattie Campbell taught during winter of 1876-77, and Miss Sarah Sweeney during the summer of 1877. Dixtrirt No. 7. — The school building was built in 1875 ; value, $700. It is located on the northwest corner of section 36. The present Directors are : F. O. Harvey, Charles Dennis, and John O'Herron. Hardin Haines taught the winter term of 1876-77, and Miss Eliza Sweeney during the following summer. District No. 8. — The school house stands upon the south-west quarter of section 27 ; value $2.')0. S. 11. Musgrove. John Snowden, and John Nelson, are the directors. The ieacher during the winter of 1876-77 was John Adams; summer following, Miss Maud Beamer. District No. 9. — This house was erected in 1875 ; value $750. E. H. Stockton, Jacob Lawyer, and William Bryant, directors. Maxwell Ksnnady taught during the winter of 1876-77, and Miss Lizzie Askew during the summer. NEW SALEM TOWNSHIP. The first school building erected in this township was built in 1849, on the northwest corner of section 25, on the farm of Joseph Lownes, and remained standing until 1867. The first directors were Daniel Harris. A. W. Russell, and J. Low^les. In 1846 the township was divided into three school districts, as follows: A line through the center north and south, and the east half equally divided east and west. In 1852 the west half was divided into two districts. In 1857 all lines were annulled and the town- ship divided into nine districts of equal size, two miles square. The three school houses then standing were sold at public auction by Joseph Lownes, the township Treasurer. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 419 Fairciew, Distrirt No. 2 — A school house was moved to the present site in 1858. A new building, one with all the modern improvements, was erected in 1870 at a cost of $1,4.50. It is 24x8(>. It is located on the southeast corner of section 4. The following are the names of the directors that have served: P. E. Wilson, John liutledge, James Port- lock, J. E. Porter, J. H. Epperson, Norman Millington, A. Hanson, William Lance, Kob- «rt Katledge, J. P. Wilt. Wai. B. Swang ), Petar llicliard?on, B. Donelson. Teachers — Jane Hartford, Samantha Harris, Truman S^iears, John L. Ej^person, J. N. Porter, E W. Ford, Linda llabinsan. Miss C. Porter, H. A. Minn, Jo.-ieph Sanders, Miss Burchfleld, Eli Brown, Lou. Huston, Sue Parks, A. W. Clark, Mary Elwell. District No. 5. — About the year 1855 a log house was moved from Fulton county and placed on the northeast corner of section 22, now owned by Emory Lownes. In this building four term? of school ware taught, by the following teachers : li. C. Porter, William Hamm.ond, Allen Yaple, and Elizabeth Miller. On the districts of the town- ship being divided, in 1854, the school was discontinued, and the log house sold at public auction for $20. Among the directors that have served are : Simon Pontious, Lyman Porter, Joseph Porter, J. H. Epperson, Reuben Porter, Thomas Seaburn, J. Wisler, J. Beedy, and D. B. Gregory. The following are the teachers : R. Porter, Gertrude Hughes, William Frame, Annie Guild, Charles Wilkins, J. A. Porter, Marion Dickey, Lucy Mer- rill, J. M. Case, Annie Gill, Lauretta Waters, J. C. Moore, Mr. McKLnney, Louisa Taylor, Xiou Huston, Annie Porter, G. H. Closson, Lena Richardson. Sumtyiit, District No. 7. — The school building is located on the southwest corner of section 25, and was erected immediately after the township was re-districted in 1857. It ia a small frame house, and cost about $750. District No. 9. — The school house of this district stands on the southeast corner of section 30. It is a small frame, built about the year 1859. Among the directors com- posing the board of this district from time to time were : Edward Woods, W. L. Pen- dell, S. F. Hammer, Merrilla A. Woods, W. A. Griffin, and B. Staley. MOUND TOWNSHIP. District No. 2. — This district was organized in 1861, and directors elected the same year. Previous to this, the territory was united to the Bardolph District. The school house was erected in 1862, at a cost of $.350. Among the directors were David Kepple, John W. Booth, James W. Jackson, A. C. Fleming, J. I. Gardner, James Kepple, Wil- liam J. Jackson. Teachers — J. W. Sparks, T. L. Kendrick, Mary J. Evans, John Weath- ers, A. J. McCaner, John Hopwood, Emma Walker, T. L. Matchett, B. S. Hogland, Robert Work, A. Baea, J. Miller, Miss Campbell, W. Porter, Taylor Kirkpatrick, Ella Walker. White IIiiU, District No. ?>. — This district was organized in 1854, its school being held in a small house until 1864, when the present building was erected at a cost of $481 95. The same year the district was equally divided east and west making district 3 and 10. H. Fortner, G. W. Lemaster, J. M. Boaz, Samuel Lance, William Crawford, G. W. Solomon, Samuel Steel, J. W. Brock, G. W. Hutchins, Adam Lance, John Rose, were among the directors. Among the teachers were J. S. Kirby, Mary Harper, Mary J. Brock, 420 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. J. Beam, Eliza Bozley, Elizabeth McConnell. R. N. Porter, Lucy M3rrill, A. S. Hopwood, Helen Sperling, Miss C. Bozley, Melvina Fortner, S. H. Ilemniington, Mary Derby, C. F. McDonough, G. W. Porter. Maggie Culcumber, V. A. Treudley, Joseph Sanlers, James Ross. Dititrict No. 4. — Previous to 1855. school was held in Edward Dyer's hou^e. In that year a frame house 22x;50 feet was erected at a cost of $325. The present building, a good frame, was built in 1801), at a cost of •$1,200, and is 22x3G feet in size ; it is located on section 22. The following named are among the directors that have served : E. Dyer, Joseph Melvin, A. J. Fleming, D. Hager, William A. Andsrson, C. H. Boaz, Elias Beaver, J. M. Holmes, Ross Manly, Amos Hipsley, J. Scott, William Work. Among the teachers were W. H. Green, E. T. Neal, J. H. Emory, George Hardy, Giles Green, Miss M. L. Carter, J. N. Wick, T. J. Kirkpatrick, James B. Forresman, D. C. Brenneman, Ed- ward Shannon. Cottonwood, District No. 6. — Building located in the northeast corner of section 33. It was erected in 1856, and enlarged in 1877. Among the directors that have served were : Ross Manly, Joseph Mukey, Richard Ret ms, James Updegraff, Thompson Allen, R. Welch, J. W. Sheeley. Isaac Sheeley. Among the teachers are : Mary Hipsley, Lyda Rutledge. James Thompson, Martha Carter, Alice A. Rankin, Maria Porter, Amanda Cronover. LaiKjsfonl, District No. 7. — The school house was moved from the New Philadelphia district to its present location, the southwest corner of section 25. in 1863. The size of the building is 20x24 feet. Among the directors that have served are the following named persons : C. Dunlap, John R. Post, Joseph Shannon. A. Switzer. J. A. Langsford, Henry Ellison, William M. Mercer, James F. Richards, A. K. Brown, R. Butler, H. W. Sheets, A. Shannon, James Dorr, Daniel Wetsel, B. F. Mumma, L. A. Lybarker, S. A. Stewart, H. Lindsey. Those teaching were : Eliza Bozley, Mollie R. Smith, Clementine Lownes, A. K. Brown, Mary E Shannon, Lena Richardson, C. C. Cooper. O. Cunningham, Delia Milton, W. N. Campbell, L. Barker, Isaac Holmes. District No. 8. — Building located on section 2. District was organized in 1860, and the house erected the same year at a cost of $600, its size being 20x26 feet. The first directors were : John Crowel, Moses Wilson, and William Cox. The present ones are : G. A. Cadwallader, B. P. Nebergall, and Samuel Clark. The following are the names of the teachers : Mary Harper, John Miner, Tillie Gurney, William Spark, Ettie Moore, Etha Harlan, James Fortner, Mary Cochrane, Hardy Robinson, Lavina Tainter, Albert Beem, W. S. Wortman, Jane Walters, Perry Cooper, Helen Sperling, Alice Throckmorton, Charles West, Willis A. Boughner, J. W. Sanders, Lena Richardson, D. C. Brenneman, Emma Sperling. District No. 1). — The building is situated on section 10, and was erected in 1864 at a cost of $800 ; size 22x32 feet. The year previous school was taught in a dwelling near the present house. Those that have served as directors are : Clark Sperry, T. Spei ry, R. A. Aldams, S. McConnell, William Stephens. George Humphrey, Paxton Moore, W. H. Culp, H. H. Nance. Those teaching are : Mr. Gapin. A. Beam, J. Wick, S. Bonlill, Hattie Woodman, Sarah Sperling, Vina Crownover. HISTORY OK m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 421 BUSHNELL TOWNSHIP. Maple Hill. District No. 1. — The building is located on the southeast corner of sec- tion 26 : its size is 18x30 feet ; value if^^fiO. There are fifty scholars in the district, with an attendance of thirt}'. Among the directors that have served are : L. T. Scott, Wil- liam H. Cowperthwaite, Darius Jones. J. Havens. The teachers are : J. T. Spear. Emma Sperling, Mary M. Scott, Maggie Brice. District No. 2. — This district was organized in 1861). House was built in 1870, at a cost of $700. It is 16x24. There are twenty-eight scholars in the district, and an aver- age attendance of twenty-five. Average salary f 28 jjer month. J. M. Devore, J. W. Neg- ley, John Serbert, Jacob Smith, Albertson Moore, and J. C. Cadwallader, have served as directors, and as teachers the following named persons : L. S. Mills, Lizzie Brown, Mattie Cadwallader, Louis Hover, liosa Stearns. District No. 3. — The school house was erected in 1864, and is situated on section 28. The size of the building is 18x30, and its cost $700. Among the directors serving are : Thomas Pearce, D. A. McDonald, D. N. Simmons. John Lesher. Among the teachers are : Daniel Hagaman, Emma McKenney. PKAIBIE CITY AND BUSHNELL TOWNSHIPS. Union District No. 4. — School building located on the northeast corner of section 19, and erected in 1875 at a cost of $1,0.''>5 ; size, 22x30 feet. The district was organized in 1867. There are fifty scholars in it, and thirty in attendance in school. J. C.Cline, "Wil- liam A. Posey, James Black, James Fannihill, John Fees, and Enoch Hall have been the directors serving, while among the teachers were : Mrs. Josie Hurst, Mary L. Etewart, Miss McKiimey. Union District No. 5. — This district was organizedin 1867 and building erected, which was destroyed by fire. The present one was erected in 1875 at a cost of $1,100; size, 22 x30 feet. In the district are forty-five scholars, with thirty attending school. The fol- lowing named are among the directors : Orin Mariner, E. Hovenden. J. W. Hays, C. F. Long, C. W. Vandever, D. Brown, and J. N. Devore. Among those teaching were : Seeley Mariner, George S. Doughty, and Amanda Burchfield. Union Dixtrict No. 6. — The school building is located on the northeast corner section 24. The directors at present are : Adam Long, Benjamin Coleman, and James Bricker. Among those teaching in this district were : K. H. Smith, Lucretia Bird, and Mr. Nick- erson. PRAIKIE CITY TOWNSHIP. District No. 1. — School house in Prairie City. [See Prairie City.] Enionj. District No. 2. — This district was organized in 1856 and the building erected the same year. Its size 18x24 feet and present value $100. The house is situated on the southeast corner of section 4. There are twenty-five scholars in the district, an average atttendance of twelve or fifteen in school. The average salary of the teachera is $30. Wesley Cope, Henry Perley, S. S. Stearns, WiUiam L. Sheafif, William Cope, William King, and Francis T. Emory have served as director-. The first teacher was II— -27 422 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. Mrs. Henry Peash', who has been succeeded by the following named jjersons: Jennie Nesselrode, Emma Fisher, Morna Moore, Ella Walter, Rosa Stearns. Dintrict iV'«. 3. — The building is located on the southeast comer of section IG, and is 24x;->0 feet. The average salary of teachers is f!3r>. The present directors are John Arter, Josei)hGary, and 'Squire Logston. Miss Ella Paxtou teacher for 1870. INDUSTRY TOWNSHIP. Difstrid Xo. 1. — Building in the town of Industry; its value, $2,000. Directors, H. C. Sullivan, S. 11. Martin and J. F. Mosser. Teachers for 1876: Principal, H. M. Towner; Assistants, Miss Ella Kenyon and Miss F. M. Baymiller. Izi this district are 198 scholars. District Ifo. 2. — Building located on the northwest quarter of section 8, and is valued at $500. There are 40 scholars in District; J. L. Kirkiiatrick and Wm. Kinkade, direc- tors; Miss Fannie Baker, teacher for 187G. Unitldc, District No. 3 — This district was organized in 18f)0, and a school building erected the same year at a cost of $700; it is a frame building, 18x28, and located on section 28. There are 20 scholars in the district, with an average attendance of ten. The average salary of teachers is $30 per month. The district is two miles wide and three miles long. The following are among those serving as directors : Darius llunkle, R. C. Clugston, H. B. Smiley, Samuel Clugston and Walter McGaughy. The following are the names of the teachers since 186(5 : Alice Norton, Rachel Clugston, Chas. Imes, Isaac M. Martin, Murray Ritchie, Lucinda Wheat, Rinda Hamilton, Ann Pollock, Luther Crail, Thomas Maxwell and Bell Hathaway. Pleamnit Grove, District No. 4. — The school building is situated in the southwest ■quarter of section 26, and was erected in 1858 at a cost of $610 ; size, 20x30 feet ; pres- -ent value $200 ; 80 scholars in district, 25 in attendance ; average salary of teachers, $35 per month. Among the various directors serving from time to time are : J. J. Wyatt, W. Wilhelmes, James Greenwell, W. L. Springer and W. B. Peck. Teachers, Thomas L. Maxwell, F. P. Lawyer, M. F. Broodwell. District No. 5. — The school house of this district is situated on the northeast quarter of section 17, and is worth $300. In the district are sixty scholars. Directors for 1876: Andrew Anstine and E. P. Munson. Miss Rella Deeker, teacher. District No. 6. — This district was organized in 1860, and the same year the present school building was erected on the southeast corner of section 4. It is a good frame and worth about $300. The first directors were : William C.McKamy, David Cox, and Orsamus Farrington ; the i^resent ones are : Columbus Gibson, John McGoughy, and James Lawyer. District No. 7. — School building is situated on the northwest quarter of section 12 : is a good frame valued at $400. Directors for 1876 : Ebenezer Vail, and David Bruner. Teacher — Romanus Beaver. There are thirty-five scholars in this distrct. Dixie, District No. 8 — This district was organized in 1864 and the school building erected on section 23 the same year. The size of the building is 24x30 feet. Present value $400. There are thirty-four scholars in the district, with twenty-five in attend- HISTORY OF m'dOXOUGII COUNTY. 423 aiice. Among the directors having served are Hugh Wilson, Dr. M. M. Clark, J. Horke- roder, J. W. Miller, C. 11. Shannon, W. S. Pile, and J. V. Wilson. Among those teaching are W. S. Pile, Jane Cannon, James Gregg, and Ross Mikey. Black, District No. 9. — The school house of this district is located on the southeast corner of section 30, and was built in 1867 at a cost of $1,400; size 26x28 feet. In the district are seventy-five scholars, with an average attendance of twenty-five. The dis- trict is l}.i miles wide by 2]^ miles long. The following have served as directors: Wil- liam Black, K. L. Dark, O. C. Crossen, Edgar Burnham, and James Stott. WiUiam Lucas taught first school. Clem. White taught in 1876. SCOTLAND TOWNSHIP. Croicii Point, 111' strict Ko. 1. — This district was organized April 21, 18.")6, at a meet- ing held at the residence of John Upp. A small frame house was erected the same year. The district increased in wealth and population so rapidly that they were compelled to erect a new building, which they did in 1874, on the site of the old one, and at a cost of !*1,469. The present building is supplied with all the modern school furniture, and is of itself a model of beauty and convenience. It is located on section 1. Directors that have served are: Green Lane, S. S. Chapman, T. Langhlin, D. M. Hammer, John Vpi^, John Watson, James Savage, Josiah McDonald, John Foreman, Alexander Watson. S. N. Throckmorten, J. Knight. The following named were teachers: Le\a W. Elliott, Jacob Randolph, David Blazer, Kate Sabin, O. F. Kolar, H. C. Maxwell, Minnie Winfield, Kettie liobeiis, W. K. Scott, Emma _ Kautz, Miss S. P. Walker, Maria Cannon, James Hess, C. Bonfield, John J. Miller, Francis Dierdoff, J. B. Russell, Laura Phelps, C. L. Miller, Flora Newcomb, Lena Richardson, John Griswold, Rosa Kirkpatrick, J. A. Doran, A. Beem, Mary Norris, Charles Imes, Jennie Blazer and Albert Beem. Maple G mve, District No. 2. — Building situated on section 4. District organized in April, 18.")6. During the first j-ear school was held in a log dwelling on a knoll about one- half mile west of the i^resent building, called Mount Nebo. In 1857 a good frame build- ing was erected, which, on the first of March, 1868, was burned. In the same year another house was erected at a cost of f 1,500 : size, 24x32. The following are the names of all the directors and teachers that have served : J. H. Swigart, T. M. Fox. Edmond Polk, Isaac Haines, O. S. Thayer, John Crane, M. Bash, II. Dremch, John Blackburn. 1\. H. Pierce, John Mitchell, John Barclay, B. F. Gloyd, Thomas Adcock, Hyman Morrison, Ellis Crane, Abner Jones, directors. T. McMahan, Levi Elliott, Mr. Griffith, W. W. Porter, Kate Sabin, L. Smith, Priscilla Hogue, R. Adcock, L. Ready, William, Lucas, Emma Bliss, J. W. Bugg, J. Wash, E. Winter, Miss Wood, Berry Ream, AUie Ervin, Clay Agnew, Ella Scudder, Archey McCandless, Marj- Taylor, W. S. AVortman, Flora Nev.comb. Harvey Shannon, Ella Fulton, teachers. District No. 3. — School building located on the southeast corner of section 6 ; is a good frame structure, valued at $(500. The directore are, W. W. Taylor, Samuel Frost and Dr. B. R. Westfall. H. C. Lucas taught during the winter of 1876-77. District No. 4. — The school house stands on the northwest corner of section 20,and is valued at $300. J. L. Smith, William Fry, and Robert McNair are directors : teacher for the year 1876, Sarah Allison. 424 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. Dltitrirt Xo. 5. — This district has a good frame school house, and is knowu as "Center School.'" The building is on the southeast corner of section 10. The directors are, S. C. Knight, Cyrus Townley and David Pearce ; teacher, W. S. Wortman. Union, District No. n — District organized and building erected m 1857 : house located on section 13 ; was built at a cost of $700. J. M. Kexroat, AlphGray and Lewis Wooley were the first dii-ectors, Alfred Gray taught the first school ; Edgar Bolles taught five successive terms. District JSfo. 7. — The school building is located on the southeast corner of section 2G ; it is valued at $500. The directors are, Samuel E. Jones, John Thomas and Z. J. Wooten: teacher for 1876-77, Gertrude Decker. District JVo. 8. — The school house stands on the northeart corner of section .S3, and is valued at $G00. The directors are, James Clark, Leonard Odenweller and John C.Moore ; the teacher for 187G-77 was John Odenweller. Dititrirt Ko. 9. — Building situated on the southwest corner of section 29. District was organized in April 1847. A building 18x28 was then erected, one-half mile south of the present one. In 18G3 they moved into their new building. The directors that have served in this district are named : T. Allison, J. M. Walker, William J. Pace, G. W. Pro- vine, John Kinkade, W. Knowles, J. Sullivan, James Walker, C. Blazer, J. Vance, John Provine, II. Knowles, A. J. Pace. J. Moore, J. Norville, James Allison. MACOMB TOWNSHIP. District No. 1. — District organized in 1866, and the house moved from District No. 2, to its present location on the northwest quarter of section 12, the same year. Directors : S. C. Decker, James Boyd, Andrew Brandt, A. B. Markham, J. B. Kohule, J. Rowels, J. C. Davis, T. B. Martin. J. B. Bricker, J. T. Parvin. Teachers— Mollie Smith, Hannah Parvin, Aggie Hasting, Tillie Moore, Martin Hoagland, Henry McElvain. Ella Mark- ham, Taylor Kirkham, Mary Plowman, Miss Arthur. Mount Solon, District No. 2. — Building located on the northeast quarter of section 10, and erected in 1866, at a cost of $1,080. It is 24x88. In 1865, District No. 7 was divided, making districts number 1, and 7. In 1867, No. 7 was changed to No. 2. Direc- tors — Mattison Irwin, L. H. Shriner, Abraham Switzer, D. L. Randolph, Enos Spangler, A. L. Bryan, H. H. McElvain, Foster Dobbins, Jacob Spangler, Durham Harris. Teach- ers — Mary R. Smith, Lizzie Runkle, B. R. Hoagland, J. G. Scroggs, Sadie Parker, Will- iam Black, C. Hamilton, William N. Porter. Miss Hamilton, O. C. Miller. Marshall McEl- vain, Nelson Knowlton, Delia Milton. District No. 3. — This district is consolidated with District No. 8, Walnut Grove town- ship. Mount Pleasant or CrabJi, District No. 4. — District organized, directors elected, and house built in 1868. Building located on section 16 ; cost, $375 : size, 20x24 feet. The following are the names of all the directors since 1858, and also the teachers : I. N. Van- meter, B. R. Hampton, George Upp, D. M. Crabb, Dr. G. I. Cowgill, H. B. Webb, A. J. Hawkins, Charles Philbert, S. P. Foreman, W. D. Bevins, N. Owens, Samuel Agnew, HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 425 William Kunkle, directora. Mary Spangler, Ruf us Spangler, George Litzenberg, Caroline Spangler, D. M. Spangler, I. N. Vanmeter, P. Davis, Addie Rogers, C. H. Black, William Stouton, Annie Shaw, Malinda Robinson, Annie Crabb, Nannie Lyon, George Fuhr, Sarah Vanmeter, Ella Thompson, N. Lewis, teachers. Union, Dixtrict iV't». 5. — This district is composed of portions of Macomb and Emmet townships, and has in it two buildings, one located in section 1, of Emmet, and one in section 18. of Macomb. Both were erected in IH.'SG at a cost of $8-10 each. Previous to this a log house, that stood on the Laughlin place, was used. The following are the names of the present directors, as well as some of the former ones : A. H. Brooking, Adam Munger, G. Chaplin, J. R. Wallingford, Silas Creel, Firman Casto, W. F. Brook- ing, W. B. Cui-tis, James Statler, William Stickle, J. W. Arnold. Among the teachers are the following : Mary Spangler, James Munger, Eva Riley, Cynthia Ratekin, Mary Decker. Pleasant 11 ill, District No. 6. — School house situated on the southwest quarter of section 23. District organized and house elected in 1855, at a cost of $300. The year previous to this Miss Louisa Westfall taught in a log house some distance southeast of the present building. In" 1866 a new house was erected at a cost of $1,650: its size is 26x36. Miss Sarah Westfall taught the first term in the old house. The average salary of teachers is $35 per month. The following are the names of the dii-ectors since the organization and also of the teachers : Directors — J. H. McCandless, O. M. Hoagland, Reuben Smith, George Booth, J. D. Curry, G. H. Cogswell, David HoUer, Lamont Orr, E. K. Westfall, Frank Perrine, A. Harris, Bigger Head, J. S. McNelley, J. M. Archer, G. J. Booth, Z. T. Pai-vin, G. F. Cm-ry, Robert EUison, W. H. Leighty, William Edmondson. Teachers— Sarah Westfall, Mahala Pelly, Warren Porter, J. A. James, T. ?. Clarke, Miss E. V. Kyle, G. W. Hammond, Nannie Eaton, Phebie A. Dickerson, E. K. Westfall, J. C. Rahe, Mollie E. Hoagland, Hibernia Reinwold, R. S. Davis, E. B. Walker, Lettie R. Stowell, S. J. Park, Lou T. Huston, W. H. Black, Anna Porter, J. M. Vincent. Frank Westfall, George Switzer, A. Been, Kate Elting. Bardolph, Di»tri5. S. Chandler, P. Dirk. J. Deems, Lyman Welch, E. Allshouse, Joseph Yager, G. W. Bugg, Able James, William Miller have been the directors. John W. Siders, Rosa Barnes, Samantha James, Miss Wliiteley, Mattie Cochran, Mary Hoj^per, John McCartney, J. W. Bugg, G. Prall, N. Hall, N. Aten, Samuel Barlow, George Kelo, Mary Siders, teachers. Center, District No. 5.— This district was organized in 1858, and a building erected on section 22, the same year, at a cost of $450 ; size, 20x24 feet. The following named have sei-ved as directors : J. T. Green, J. H. Hennen, Samuel Heaton, John Lowe, T. B. Nes- bitt, J. W. Lowe, G. W. Warren, J. M. Dew, William HaU, Robert Buchanan, and M. W. Cozad. The following persons have engaged as teachers : Fredrica Longenscheidtj Martha Ruddle, T. B. Nesbett, Miss V. A. Treudly, J. V. Haggerty, Louisa Champion^ William F. Dunn, Rosa Barnes, Emma Kautz, J. Siders, G. E. Dew, S. J. Cannon, Maria Cannon, Harvy Lemon, Gertrude Van Hosen, J. M. Forrest, George Lerew, Seeley Mari- mer, Mattie Cochran, Emma Hess. Willow Grove, District No. 6. — The school building is located in the southeast corner of section 14, and was erected in 1872 at a cost of $1,500. It is a good frame, 24x28 feet. The average attendance is sixteen. The directors have been J. W. Brewster, J. B. Ven- ard, Leonard Yeast, William Ragan, Parley Heath, William Wisherd, J. M. Yaple, and N. S. Dennis. Teachers — Sarah Blazer, Josie Curtis, H. C. Agnew, N. S. Dennis, Addie Engle, Ella Lowe. Sciota, District No. 10. — The school building is in the town of Sciota, and was erected in 1872 at a cost of $1,200. In 1875 an addition, costing $600, was added. S. M. Hale, Dr. E. Brown and Obemeyer are the present directors. The main building is 24x36; its addition 17x22. Good Hope. — This was formerly District No. 9 of Walnut Grove and Sciota town- ships. The school building was then situated on the southwest corner of section 30 of HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 431 the former township, and wrs erected in 1861. It was removed to Good Hope in 1874, since -which time it has given place to a larger and neater building, one that is an honor to the town. LAMOIXE TOWNSHIP. ColiiVir, Di.-itrirt No. 7. — The school building is located on the northeast corner of the northwest quarter of section 8, and was erected in 1857; in 1876 an addition was built and the old building remodeled; value $650. Previous to the erection of the build- ing school was held in a house belonging to Henry Brickell. Among those serving as directors were George Barker, Samuel Morrow, Henry Brickie, George Johnson, and Benjamin "Waddle. The teacher for 1877 was Mr. Berry and receives !t=leak wilduess they lived to see it "l)lossom as a rose." John Mustain was a large portly man, of good appear- ance, pleasant and agreeable in his intercourse with friends and neighbors ; in the family circle, while kind to his children, he was strict in discipline and taught each member to know that his yes meantyes,andhis no meant no,from which there could be no appeal. In business with the world his w^ord could always be relied upon his promises always being held sacred, and invariably carried out to the letter. lie was a good friend and neighbor, living at peace with all men and a hard w^orking farmer. In politics he was a strong Democrat as are all his sons. His education was limited, but having strong common sense, strong will and with a deter- mination to do, the lack of a finished education was not such a drawback with him. He departed this life on the first day of March 1869, in the eighty-seventh year of his age. His loved companion died on the twenty-sixth day of October, 1863. WILLIAM D. MUSTAIN. The subject of this sketch was born in Pittsylvania county, Virginia, on the twenty-first day of June, 1813, and is the eldest of a family of ten children. His parents were John and Eliza- beth (Glenn) Mustai,n, pioneers of McDonough county, removing here with their family, including William, in 1832. As frequently remarked in these pages, children of pioneers liad few opportuni- ties in securing an education, the common schools, in which were taught onl}^ the rudiments, being the entire school facilities of the country. In these common schools young William obtained such knowledge of the arts and sciences as were taught therein. His entire life, we believe, has been spent on a farm, the tilling cf the soil being his principal occupation, occasionally varied in laboring at the trade of blacksmith, gunsmith, etc. In these trades he never served a regular apprenticeship, but followed them as his inclinations and necessities required. In the early days master workmen were not as plentiful as in this day, and one having skill to perform any work would soon find his services in demand. Although never attaining any special prominence in the public aftairs of the county. Mr. Mustain has yet been called on from time to time to accept local office. He has been Justice of the Peace, Overseer of Highways, Township Collector, School Di- rector, etc. In every position he has endeavored to render his duties faithfully. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 451 On the eleventh day of August, 1835, j\Ir, Mustain was united in marriage with Miss Jane AVoodside, daughter of John AVood- side, another old and well known pioneer of the count}'. Ten children blessed their union, three of whom, with the mother, having passed on to that "bourne from whence no traveler returns." Mrs. Mustain was a member of the Christian Church and died in the full assurance ot hope. Of the remaining children, all are married save one. Mr. Mustain is living on a good farm adjoining the village of Blandinsville, on section 82, and is well known to all residents of the county, especially the older settlers, and enjoys the respect and contidence of all alike. Like the rest of the family, in poli- tics he is a Democrat of the old school, the principles of that party being dear to his heart. A. H. m'gahan. Alexander Hunter McGahau is the eldest of a family of five children, and was born in Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, on the seventh day of December, 1840. His parents were John and Eliza Ann (Jeftery) McGahan, natives of Pennsylvania, but of Scotch-Irish ancestry. His mother had been previously married to EbenezerEwing, leaving one sou, who is still living. AYhen the subject of this sketch was but ten years of age his father died, leaving three other children besides himself dependent on the ex- ertions of the mother; two of whom have since died, the other be- ing the wife of Rev. L. Y. Hays, a Presbyterian minister, now residing in Stockton, California. Until fourteen years of age Alex- ander H. attended the public schools of his native State, and also a few sessions of Hookstown Academy. He then entered the of- fice of the AVaynesburg (Pa.) Messenger, his inclinations being in favor of a literary or newspaper life, and also to place himself where he might receive the counsel and oversight of a much loved uncle. After five years labor at Waynesburg, ISTew Brighton and Pittsburg, Pa., he was compelled to abandon the business on ac- count of failing health. In the spring of 1861 he removed to Illinois, and for a few months was switchman at the railroad station at Prairie City, when he was appointed agent at Oak Hill, a station on the Peoria branch of the C. B. & Q. R. R. He remained here only four months, when he was transferred to Bushnell, taking charge of the station on the twenty-eighth of December, 1861, and where he 452 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. yet remains, being one of the oldest agents on the C. B. & Q. road in point of service. In addition to the raih'oad agency, Mr. McGa- han has been agent of the American Express Company during his residence in Bushnell, up to November 1, 1877. As a business man he is pains-taking and conscientious in all that he does, and endeavors to deal honorably with all. Few men in like position, bringing him daily in contact with all classes of people, have so many warm friends. Since his seventeenth year Mr. McGahan has been a professed Christian, uniting at that age with the Presbyterian church, at AVaynesburg, Pennsylvania, then under charge of his uncle. Rev, Samuel H. Jefiery. With this body he retained membership at his different places of residence until his removal to Bushnell, where, there being at the time no organization of that denomina- tion, he united with the Reformed Church, remaining in its con- nection until the organization of the Presbyterian Church, of Bushnell, in 18G8, of which he was an organizing member, and was chosen one of its ruling elders, which office he j'et fills in an acceptable manner. As a member of the body of Christ he believes in work, and no one in that charge does more to advance the Redeemer's cause. lie is a zealous Sabbath school worker, and has been superintendent of the Presbyterian Sabbath school, in Bushnell, since its organization. In 1875 he was chosen by the Schuyler Presbytery as one of the Commissioners to the Gen- eral Assembly, which met at Cleveland during that year. In politics Mr. McGahan is a radical Republican, having cast his first and last vote for that party. While indorsing the gen- eral principles of that party, he does not indorse any appearance of evil by its member, and believes in rebuking and punishing corruption in high places, insisting on economy in private life, and correct ideas of the relation of man to man, and does not believe in promoting "policies" in national or local politics by compromising principles. In youth Mr. McGahan was sober and thoughtful, but lull of life, having the confidence of older persons probably in an un- usual degree. These traits of character have been retained through life, and as. a man no one stands higher in the esteem of his fellow citizens of whatever religious or political view. On the twenty-seventh day of October, 1864, he was united in marriage with Miss Alice West, daughter of Stockton AVest, one HISTORY OF M'dONOUGH COUNTY. 453 of the first settlers of Busbnell, and one of its leading citizens. Two sons, AVillie Lincoln and Walter Lowrie, have been the fruits of this union, REV. JOSIAH MOORE. The parents of the subject of our present sketch were Charles and Hannah Moore, the former of English and the latter of Scotch descent. They had eight children — five sons and three daughters. The two eldest childreu died in infanc}', and one son, John, died in his thirt3^-second year, on the ninth of March, 1858. The records of the old families show a strict adherence to the Protestant faith. Josiah, the third child, and subject of this sketch, was born near Balljbay, Ireland, September 18, 1833. On the sixteenth of June, 1834, his j^arents sailed for the United States, and after a tedious voyage in oue of the slow sailing vessels of that day, reached Baltimore on the eighteenth of August, following. From here the family took passage in one of the great road wagons which at that time served in the place of rail cars, and came by way of the "Xational Pike" toWashington county, Pennsylvania, where they remained with friends until the twelfth of March, 1836, when they proceeded west, the father having preceded them the previous fall. They took a boat at AVheeling, West N'irginia, and after a toilsome journey by water reached Galena on the third of April. Here the feverish excitement over lead mining, mud, and a wild western life, were each clamorous for supremacy, and each, at times, claimed the advantage of being uppermost. On the sixteenth of May, following, the family moved to their new home, which was a log cabin, erected, upon a tract of land secured by the elder Moore about twelve miles south of Galena. At an earl}' age Josiah took an active part in the work of his father's farm, and well remembers, when a mere boy, witnessing from his father's door the Indians in pursuit of wild game, such as deer, turkeys, geese, prairie chickens, etc., that were then so abundant. Sometimes a squad of these ill-fated followers of the famous, but vanquished. Black IIawk,'would march into the house without knocking, and, holding up a ham of venison, would say: "Swap, swap, swap — bread, bread." When they would become troublesome by repeating their visits too often, his mother would sav "Puk-a-gee," and they would at once leave. 11—29 454 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. The first school clajs of Josiah were spent in a little log school l^iouse built by his father on his own laud. For several years the childreu from a large scope of country around resorted to this humble retreat, seeking for a nobler destiny. The house was roofed with sod, had one sash, with six small lights for a window, an earth floor, a very large fire place, while the cracks between the logs were filled with mud in the winter, but all taken out in the summer to admit of light and air. His first teacher studied law at the same time, and afterwards became Judge of the Supreme Court of Wisconsin, but like many others of bright promise. Judge Crawford finally fell a victim to the intoxicating bowl. In the fall of 1855, while running a large threshing machine, Mr. Moore had a very narrow escape from losing his life by be- ing caught in the machinery. Soon after this he determined upon carrying out the long cherished purpose of his life — the ob- taining ot a liberal education — and accordingly entered West- minster College, Pennsylvania, where he remained until the sum- mer of 1860, except for a period of three months when he taught a school near his old home. In September, 1860, he entered Mon- mouth College, Monmouth, Illinois, where he remained until the following spring, when in response to the call of President Lincoln for troops, after the fall of Fort Sumpter, April 13, 1861, together with E. A. Paine, afterwards General, be raised a company and tendered its service to Gov. Yates, but the rush to Springfield more than supplied the de- mand. The Governor gave Mr. Paine command of the 9th Infantry, and Mr. Moore was left to wait on another call, which soon came from the State for ten regiments to go into camp in their respective Congressional districts for thirty days, and hold themselves in readiness for United States service, if needed. He accordingly reported with his company at Peoria, and was sworn into service May 13. Another call soon came from the General Government and the company entered its ser- vice May 25, for three years, and became Company F,17th Illinois Infantry. The greater portion of the company were students from the college and were the first to enlist from AVarren county, jMr. Moore was commissioned as Captain April 20, 1861, and held this position to the close of his enlistment and then returned home in command of his company, which could not perhaps be said of another captain of the ten regiments. After the seige HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 455 and surrender of A'icksburg be was elected major, but the regi- ment being reduced below the minimum by disease and loss in battle, he never received his commission. The 17th regiment did gallant service at Fredericktown, Mo., Fort Douelson, Shiloh, and in the seiges of Corinth and Alcksburg, besides skirmishes and marches innumerable. In every movement it generally occupied the front line. From all these services Captain Moore was never absent, unless a very few times on account of sickness. He was held in the highest esteem by all his men whom he loved as brothers. "With his company he was mustered out at Springfield, 111., June 4, 1864. A few days after his return from the army. Captain Moore was captured by a fairer enemy than he ever met upon the battle-field, and was bound by the holy bonds of matrimony with Miss Jennie F. Lindsay, daughter of Hon. J. T. Lindsay, of Peoria. The Lord has given them five children — Maggie, Linnie, Jessie, Charles and Herbert. Jessie died when five months old. Captain Moore made a profession of religion when about fifteen years of age, and united with the Associate Church of North America. In September, 1863, he returned to his place in college, and in addition began his course in Monmouth Theological Semi- nary, in October following. He graduated from the college in 1865 with the degree of A. M,, and from the Seminary in 1867 with the degree of B. D. On the fourth of April, 1866, he was licensed at South Hender- son, Illinois, by the United Presbyterian Presbytery, of Monmouth, to preach the gospel, and during May and June supplied the church at his old home, Hanover, Illinois, from which he after- ward received a call. Kot being satisfied with the restrictions imposed upon the pas- toral work by some of the "Distinctive Principles" of the old church, and having an earnest desire to labor in a southern field, he united with the O. S. Presbyterian church, because it was not only the most nearly in accord with his own views, but at that time promised the best opportunity for obtaining his cherished hopes, hence he united with the Presbytery of Peoria, O. S., at Lewistown, Illinois, April 17, 1867; but the strife that about this time became so bitter between the church Xorth and South, ad- monished him that the »service3 of a northern man to be accepta- ble to the south must be deferred to some future day; still he re- gards the gospel as the only balm for all these sad wounds. 456 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. The first church of the O. S. for wliich he hihored was that of El Paso, supplying the church duriug the months of June, July and August, 1867. In Septemher he was called to the church at Macon, but owing to the destruction of their building by a torna- do, March 16, 1868, he gave up that work. In August ot that year he took charge of the church at Canton ; received a call March 25, 1869, and May 11 was ordained and installed. He labored here about five years, during which time the church secured a very neat and comfortable house of worship and good parsonage grounds. On the twenty-fifth of May, 1873, he re- signed, and on Sabbath, June 1, 1873, he preached for the first time in Macomb. In the church at this place he remained as stated supply until October, 1874, w4ien he was called to the regu- lar pastoral work, which position he yet acceptably fills. In Ma- comb he has enshrined himself in the afiections of the people, and among all classes, whether members of his own church or of another denomination, or even among those of the world, he is liighly esteemed for his work's sake. Whether it be in his own congregation or in union with the evangelical churches of the city, he labors earnestly and zealously to do bis Master's will in converting souls to Christ. As a public speaker he is plain, prac- tical and earnest, by his manner as well as by his words, carrying conviction to the hearts of his hearers. Rev. Moore is a large, portly man of good figure, and pleasant and agreeable in his manner — one calculated to make friends wherever he goes. RICHARD MUSSON. Ilichard Musson, son of Joseph and Mary (Ilobes) Mussou, was born in Long Clossen, Leicester county, England, April 80, 1810. His parents were in very moderate circumstances, hi? father fol- lowing the profession of boatman. Young Ixichard attended the public schools until he was ten years of age, when he was placed on the boat with his father, and for some years continued in that work, afterward changing it for the trade of stone-mason, which he continued to follow until a few short years ago. When but twenty years of age he came to the United States, with the hope of better success in a worldly point of view. The same year (1830) in which he arrived in the country he united in marriage with Miss Rebecca Thornton, by whom he had nine children, two of whom died in childhood, and one since her marriage — Mary J., wife of Rev. Abraham Newland. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 457 For four years he made his home in the State of Xew York, when he came West, stopping in Morgan county, where he re- mained six years, and in 1840 coming to McDonough county, where he has since resided, living the whole period of time within three miles of the present town of Colchester; he, therefore, may well be classed as an old settler, having been a citizen of the county for thirty-seven years, and having experienced the hard- ships incidental to those who made their homes here at an early day. Although he may not have obtained the prominence of many others, Richard Musson is well known throughout the county, especially by the older settlers, while none know him but to re- spect the sterling worth of his character. He has always been a hard working man, and by the "sweat of his face" has placed himself in comfortable circumstcinces, so that in his declining y^ears, he can pass quietly along, and when the summons shall come, he can answer, "Here, Lord, am I." In 1829, he united with the Methodist Episcopal Church, and up to the present time, a period of forty-eight years, has ever been a consistent member of that branch of the Christian church. For years he has occupied the position of class leader, and, in that capacity, has done efficient work in his Master's cause. AVe be- lieve it will be written of him in that great day, like one of old, "He hath done what he could." Xo better epitaph could be placed upon the monument of any one than this. Richard Musson has always been an earnest advocate of free schools, urging their importance upon those with whom he has been brought in contact, realizing ignorance and sin go hand in hand, while knowledge and righteousness dwell together. The efficient schools of his own town are in a measure due to him. THOMAS A. MUSTAIN. Thomas A. Mustain was the third son of John and Elizabeth (Glenn) Mustain, and was born in Pittsylvania county, Virginia, on the thirteenth day of January, 1817. He is a full-blooded Vir- ginian, both his parents being natives of that State. When fifteen years of age Thomas came with them to this State and county, where he has since continued to reside, and where he is well known by all our people. He has never followed any other occupation than that of farming, living with and assisting his parents until he reached his majority, when, together with his 458 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. brother, he purchased the farm of John W. Woodside, on section sixteen of Blandinsville township, which farm adjoined that of his father. Here he lived and toiled until the year 18G5, when he purchased a portion of section nine of the same township, to which he removed, and where he has one of the best improved farms in the county, and on which he had built, in 1874, one of the largest and best brick dwellings in the county, one in which he can entertain a host of friends in true A^irginia stj'le. He is now the possessor of some of the best land in the county. Up to this time (1865) Mr. Mustain had successfully resisted all the arts and wiles of the fair sex, and had been given over as one of the unregenerate who would never submit to the better part ; but strange things will occur, and we find the bachelor armor broken, and on the fifteenth day of March, 1865, he was united in mar- riage with Martha E. Charter, daughter of the well known Jona- than Charter, another of the old pioneers of the county — one of those who endured the trials and privations of a frontier life that we might reap the benefit thereof. The result of this union has been six children, two of whom, before they had experienced any of the hardships of this world, were translated into that upper and better kingdom which is above. In 1844, when the Mormon difficulties had assumed such pro- portions as to become neceseary for the Governor of the State to call out its militia, Mr. Mustain enrolled his name and was chosen lieutenant of a company under command of George W. Blandin. For this service he received from the State the munifi- cent sum of thirteen dollars and forty-four cents. Mr. Mustain has never held public office of any kind, and has never aspired thereto, being content to be of that vast number who remain in obscurity to till the soil and lend strong hands and willing hearts to the advancement of local interests. The family of which he is a membr have done much for the improvement and welfare of Blandinsville township, and some of the best farms in it are held by them. Thomas A. Mustain is full six feet in height and weighs about 215 pounds. He is a man who takes life in an easy manner, at- tending to his own affairs in his own way and interfering with no others. lie is mild in government in the family circle, and as a neighbor he is all that is implied in the word. In poli- tics he is a Democrat of the old school, serving his party HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 459 ill a faithful manner. If be ever scratches his ticket we do not know it. He is now a member of the Democratic county central committee and lends his counsel and influence to the general suc- cess of the party. HON. WILLIAM II. NEECE. i^o man inMcDonough county is better known or more univer- sally esteemed than William II. JSTeece, who was born in Sanga- mon county, Illinois, on the twenty-sixth day of February, 1831, and brought by his parents to this county when only two months old. Here he has continued to reside to the present time. His parents were Jesse and Mary D. (Maupin) Neece; his father a Kentuckian by birth, while his mother was a native of Virginia. The elder Keece was a man of sterling worth, and in the early day was a man of some note. He died in 1869. The early life of Wm. H. !Isreece was passed on a farm and in attendance upon the common schools in this county — lie never having had the advan- tage of a collegiate education. Until twenty-four he remained upon a farm, engaging in its laborious work. In 1857 he entered the law office of Judge John S. I3ailey, for the purpose of read- ing law, which he had decided to adopt as a profession. For about one year he pursued his studies, and in 1858, having passed a creditable examination, was admitted to the bar, and to-day no man ranks higher in the profession in this county. Although not possessed of the thorough literary education of many others, liis great energy and sterling common sense, his aptness in collecting and arranging evidence, have placed him in the front rank of his chosen profession. In criminal practice Mr. Xeece has especially secured an enviable reputation, and there has probably not been an important trial for murder either in this or adjoining counties for a number of years but in which he has been engaged. In the celebrated Bond trials, both of Miles Bond, at Kushville, and John and James Bond, at Macomb, for the murder of William II. Randolph, Mr. Neece was the chief at- torney for the defense, and to him more than to any other do the Bonds owe their release. He it was who collected, arranged and sifted all the evidence presented. No stone was left unturned that was beneficial to his clients; every flaw in the in.dictmentor in the evidence of the prosecution was detected and used to the advan- tage of himself and clients. In this lies the great success of Mr. Xeece as an attorney; his patient investigation of a case and the 460 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. zeal with which he works it up, enables him to triumph over all opposition. All the minor points, so often overlooked by the aver- age attorney, and on which the merits of a case so frequently de- pend, are looked after as closely as those points open and apparent to all. Another case of great importance, and which required a large amount of patient investigation, was the trial of Thomas Johnson for murder. This was a change of venue from Henderson county, the home of the man charged with the com- mission of the crime, to McDonough. The same untiring eftbrts were made in this case as in the other, and with like result. As- sociated in the case were R. G. Ingersoll, J. W. Davidson, and Charles Harris, for the defense, and C. F. Wheat, William Mc- Kenzie, and J. J. Glenn, for the prosecution, an array of talent the equal of the same number of men to be secured anywhere in the State. Again, in the case of Tuttle, for the murder of Miles Matteson, a case from Colchester, in this county, Mr. Neece was chief attorney in the defense. The jury hung, and the case was taken to Schuyler on a change of venue. In this case Mr. I^eece did not secure the acquittal of his client, but obtained the shortest sentence possible under the circumstances. In general practice Mr. I^eece has been equally successful and pursues the same course for the benefit of his clients as in crim- inal practice, and in the prosecution of cases in the United States Bankrupt Court has had more business than any other attorney in the county, if not all combined. Also as a counsellor, lie is safe and practical, and, in connection with the law upon the subject, makes use of that useful commodity called common sense in bas- ing his opinions. As a politician Mr. Neece is a Democrat of the old school, the principles of that time-honored party being inborn in him, and he is ever ready to defend them with the same zeal characterizing him in other walks of life. On several occasions has he been hon- ored by the party with nominations for ofhce, and a nomina- tion has usually been equivalent to an election. In 1864 ho re- ceived the nomination for Representative in the Illinois Legislature and was triumphantly elected; again in 1870 with like result. In 1868 he was elected member of the Constitutional Convention that formed our present Constitution. In each of these capaci- ties, he served his constituents in a faithful manner, attending closely to the business for which he was elected, rendering, in HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 461 general, satisfaction to men of all parties. In 1872 he received the nomination for Congress from the tenth Congressional Dis- trict, of which McDouough county forms a part, and although running one thousand votes ahead of his ticket he was defeated. It is due to Mr. ISTeece to say he has never ran for office without running ahead of his ticket, being personally popular all over the county, and wherever known. The reason for this will be shown further on. He has always been nominated against the best men of the opposition. As previously remarked, Mr. ISTeece lived with his parents (who came to this county on the second day of April, 1831, and settled upon a farm two miles south of Colchester), until his twentieth year. In the fall of 1850 he engaged in chopping wood on the Illinois river, and in the winter worked in a pork house for Charley Farwell (well known to old settlers), in Frederick. In the spring and summer of 1851 he broke prairie on Tennessee prairie, and in the winter following attended school in Macomb, taught by D. S. Hampton, Esq. In the spring of 1852 he essayed to teach school in Walnut Grove township, which, as a faithful biographer, we must confess was not a success. But this did not deter him from again attempting the work, and we Und him the winter following again engaged in teaching near the present loca- tion of Colchester. In this school he achieved better success, but probably not enough to cause him to adopt that business as a pro- fession, as this is the last account we have of him engaged in like occupation. In the spring of 1853, wishing to better his fortunes, he deter- mined on emigrating to the land of gold, and, in company with his brother, George W. Neece, and family, he crossed the plains with an ox team, arriving in Portland, Oregon, the September following. Here he only remained one month, when he proceeded to California, where, after making an unsuccessful attempt at mining, he engaged as a cook in a hotel operated on the European plan, in the city of Sacramento. This business he followed until the spring of 1854, when he again engaged in mining in company with his brother George, in the vicinity of Grass Valley, continuing the same in Nevada county until the fifteenth of May, J 855, when both returned to old McDonough. lu the fall of 1856 Mr. Neece engaged as purchasing agent for the real estate firm of J. II. Baker & Co., in the city of Macomb, 4G2 HISTORY OF M'dONOUGH COUNTY. which business he followed for one year. In this business he traveled over many States, meeting with great success. On the third day of May, 1857, he was united in marriage to Miss Jenuette Ingles, with whom he lives a happy and contented life. Three children, all of whom are yet living, have blessed their union. The family reside in a pleasant and comfortable home in the western part of the city of Macomb. In searching for incidents in the life of Mr. Neece for this sketch we ran across the following article, published in the Ma- comb Journal August 14, 1873: "About 3 o'clock A. M. Monday last William H. Neece. Esq., of this- city, was awakened by a noise in his sleeping room. On opening his eyes he was somewhat startled to see, by the light of a full shining moon, a stalwart fellow in the act of appropriating his pocket-book. Fully convinced that the man was a burglar, without awaiting an intro- duction, Mr. Neece gave a backhanded blow, at the same time jumping out of bed, and in solid battle line charged the enemy. The burglar was about as thoroughly startled by the sudden onslaught of the plucky lawyer as the lawyer was at first sighting the thief,, but he soon showed that he didn't mean to stand and see himself whipped and cap- tured, and the result was one of the most sharply contested fights that ever came off in Macomb. 'Brother Neece' handed the thief the hospitalities of his house in the shape of chairs, etc., in a lively manner, and the fellow responded with his fists and chairs which he wi-ested from his antagonist in the best style he knew how. Two or three times around the room did the men fight, and the thief made an effort to escape and ran into another room. Mr. Neece pursued, and here the combat was renewed. After a time they emerged into the open air, and in the yard the fight was kept up until both were utterly exhausted. The thief was the largest and strongest of the two, and Mr. Neece was unable to hold or wrest his pocket-book from him. The house is quite remote from others, and it was not until after the robber had decamped that assistance, for which Mrs. Neece ran in the be- ginning of the affair, came. When it did come Mr. N. was lying in the yard where he had fainted from pure exhaustion.'' This shows that he is a man not to be trifled with, and even if small in stature he can stand up for his rights. William II. Neece is of slender but well knit proportions, light hair and beard, the latter worn only upon the chin. As a hus- band and father he is kind and pleasant, as a friend and neighbor sympathetic and benevolent, as a citizen is alive to every public interest, and not as a politician but as a representative of the whole body does he work for the public good. From what has been written it can easily be inferred he is a,man of the people. He has experienced the hardships and perils ot a pioneer life, and can sympathize with that class in all they are called upon to endure. By the "sweat of his face" he has toiled day after day for the necessaries of life and therefore knoAvs the sorrows ot the poor. His personal popularity is almost unbounded, especially HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 463 among the class last mentioned, whose friend he has always been, and when a candidate for public office these facts are taken into consideration, the consequence being that he receives the votes of very many of the opposition. Such, in brief, is William 11. Xeece. A bright future is doubtless yet before liim. ABKAHAM NEWLAND, JR. The subject of this sketch is a native of England, having been born in the town of Evenwood, county of Durham, on the third (lay of February, 1838. His parents were Abraham and Sarah (E^orter) Xewland, also of the same country, people in very mod- erate circumstances — so poor, in fact, that their son was only per- mitted to attend the common schools of his native town from the time he was five years of age until he was eight, at w^hich time he w^as placed in the coal mines of that country. During the first three years he was only compelled to w^ork from three to four days each week, but after that time six days was he required to labor. For several years he never saw daylight but once each week, going to his work each morning before day, and never returning until night. In the mine where he first worked, and during the Avhole time in which he remained, there was used for pumping water the first engine constructed for use on a locomotive. This engine is now kept in a glass case in the town of Darlington, Durham count}', England, and was seen by Mr. i^ewland when on a visit to his native country a few years ago. The father of Abraham K'ewland was a God-fearing man and an earnest Christian, one who endeavored to bring up his children in the "fear and admonition of the Lord," and when his son was still an infant, he carried him in his arms to the Sabbath school. Here and at the family altar was sown the "good seed of the word," which in after years bore fruit, and we trust will continue to bear fruit an hundred fold. The opportunity for obtaining a competency in the old world is poor indeed to those born in povert}', so in 1853 the father of Abraham sailed for the United States, and two years thereafter sent for his family. On the twenty-ninth day of July 1855, Abra- ham, with his mother and the rest of the family, left their native shores, sailing for Xew York, at which place they arrived in due time, and from thence coming west to LaSallc, in this State, where the husband and father had obtained employment in the coal mines of that county. For two years they remained there, 464 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. when tbey proceeded further west, settling in the town of Col- chester, this county, in the year 1857, at which place they yet re- main. Employment was at once obtained in the coal mines by father and son, and until the year 1862 Abraham continued to work faithfully and to the satisfaction of his employers and his own conscience. Although but a young man, he was recognized as a leader among his fellow miners, and in all cases where a spokesman was required to make known their wants and desires to their employers, he was put forward as their representative. As before remarked, he continued to work in the mines until the year 1862, at which time he enlisted as a private in Capt. Brink's company, 124tli liegiment Illinois Volunteers, to serve three years or during the war. The men at this time desired him to accept the office of lieutenant, but this he refused for one older in years. He was appointed by the captain fourth sergeant, but at the re- quest of the men he was made orderly sergeant of the company. In this capacity he went out, serving as such until promoted. As probably well known by our readers, the 124th did excellent ser- vice in the war, and no man in the entire regiment showed more bravery or discharged his duty more faithfully than the coal dig- ger, Abraham I^ewland, Jr. At the battle of Eaymond, Miss., while an orderly sergeant, he commanded the company, there be- ing no commissioned officer present, and for bravery upon the battle field he was commended by the colonel, who promised him promotion. At the battle of Champion Hills, a few days thereafter, he was shot through the jaw, and falling upon the field, was reported as killed. Life being discovered in him, he was taken up and re- moved to the hospital, and word was given out that he was mor- tally wounded. At the hospital the surgeon of his regiment discovered him, and took him in charge. A cot was provided, and he was placed thereon, when the surgeon ordered some brandy and water to be given him. JS'ot being able to speak, he motioned the mixture away with his hand; he was still urged to partake, but still refused, when the doctor, losing his patience, turned on his lieel, saying, "D — n him, let him die." As soon as his passion liad cooled the doctor returned and dressed his wounds, making him as comfortable as possible. For weeks he suffered, until finally the wound healed and he was again restored to active duty. One of the lieutenants of his company resigning, an application HISTORY OF M'DONOUcni COUNTY 465 was made to have him commissioned to fill the vacancy, but before the matter was completed Captain Brink resigned and he received the appointment and was duly commissioned as Captain and the command of the company given him. This position he retained during the remainder of the war, receiving the respect of his men and duly honored by his brother officers. On the fif- teenth day of August, 1865, the regiment was discharged and Captain Xewland returned home to meet his wife and little ones and take his position in civil life once more. The life of a miner was never agreeable to Captain Kewland, and he had determined long before this to change it should the opportunity offer. We therefore find him within two weeks from the time of his return home opening out a stock of dry goods and groceries, investing in the business all the money he brought with him from the army, amounting to the sum of eleven hundred dol- lars. Kearly twelve years has since elapsed, and we find the little stock increased to an extent requiring a large room for storing the goods and the trade of the house increased in proportion; we find he has continually added to his capital; that investments made by him have increased w^onderfully, and to-day he is in pos- session of a sum that would enable him to retire from active life and live at ease. All this as a legitimate growth of business en- terprise and sagacity. At the age of fifteen Captain Newland experienced religion and united with the Primitive Methodist Church, with which body he retained membership until his removal to this country. There being no congregation of that order in the community in which be made his home, he united with the Methodist Episcopal Church. In the organization of that church in Colchester, in 1858, he formed one of the original members, and has since taken an active part in all its work. In 1860 he became a licensed ex- horter, receiving the appointment from Rev. Richard Ilaney, then presiding elder for this district. When he returned home from the army he received from the conference a license ta preach, since which time he has continued to labor in word and doctrine. He has never asked for a regular appointment as pastor, believing he could accomplish as much good in the local work as in the regu- lar field. Xearly every Sabbath he preaches for some of the neighboring churches, and on funeral occasions his services have specially been in demand. It is said he preaches more discourses 46fi HISTORY OF BI'dONOUGH COUNTY. of this nature than any reguhir minister in the county. In Sun- day school work he is especially pre-eminent, having from child- hood taken great interest in this part of the Lord's vineyard. In all the neighborhood Sunday school conventions he is called upon to take an active part, and in the county work he is behind none. Captain Newland has been twice married, the first time to Miss Mary J. Mussou, daughter of Ilichard Musson, Esq., the ceremony taking place on the third day of March, 1859. By her he had five children, two only of whom are now living, three of the chil- dren, with their mother, having passed over the river to the better land, where, in that beautiful city whose streets are paved with gold, they wait the coming of other loved ones. Mrs. Newland died on the fifteenth day of January, 1871, in the full assurance of hope. On the eighteenth day of June, 1872, he was again mar- ried, leading to the altar Miss Annie Musson, a sister of his de- ceased wife. Abraham Newland is a man of medium height, light com- plexion, blue eyes, light hair and beard, a well developed head, and is every inch a man. No man stands higher in the commu- nity than he, and none deserves more from his fellow-citizens. He is a pleasant, agreeable gentleman, having a heart overflowing with love of humanity, a friend to the poor, and above all, a true Christian. In the home circle he is kind and affectionate ; in the church an earnest worker; as a citizen he has the good of all at heart and works to advance the interests of his adopted town and county as much as his own individual interests. Would we had more Abraham Xewlands. ASA K. OWEN. The subject of our present sketch is now in the prime of life, having been born on the twenty-sixth day of March, 1838, in Philometh, Indiana. His parents were Asaland Elizabeth (Graf- ton) Owen, the former being a native of Kentucky, and the latter of Virginia. At the birth of Asa his father was in good circum- stances, but shortly after became unfortunate, losing his all, and like thousands of others, sought new fields of labor, coming to McDonough county in 1811, here living, with the exception of about five years spent in Adams county, this State, until the^day of his death. The educational advantages of Asa were limited to the common schools of this county, and a few month's] at- tendance in the High School of Professors Barge and Cannon, in HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 467 Macomb ; but notwithstanding, by constant application and study at home he has mastered nearly all the sciences usually taught in the academies and colleges of the "West. About nine years of his life has been spent in teaching, choosing this as a profession, it being well suited to his taste and more lucrative than any other business requiring no capital but talents. He has occupied the position of teacher in several different States of the Union, hav- ing taught in the High School of St. Paris, Ohio, and in various schools of this State and Missouri. At the breaking out of the war in 1861, he was teaching in this latter State, and on account of his Free-soil and Union principles, was invited to leave. He at once returned home and began the work of raising recruits for the army, but on account of ill-health he was refused enrollment himself, which was a great disappointment, as it was his desire to do all he could in the defense of his country. Al- though his services were declined in the field, yet at home he could work for the cause, and no more loyal man could be found in the county than Asa K. Owen. As a "mite" he contributed to the songs of his country a battle hymn entitled "During the Bat- tle," which was published by H. M. Higgins, one of the leading music publishers of the country. For a number of years past Mr. Owen has contributed, over various nom de plumes^ considerable to the press of the country, both prose and poetry. His articles are all well written, and, as will be observed elsewhere in this work, are very readable and of much interest. "The McDonough County Pio- neers," and " Autumn in McDonough County, " will appeal to every one. On the twenty-sixth day of March, 1865 (the anniversary of his birth), he led to the marriage altar Miss IS". A. Edmundson. Three children hath the Lord given them, one of whom has passed over the river and dwells on the other side ; two yet re- main to add joy and comfort to their parents' hearts. Mr. Owen is a member of the ]SIethodist Episcopal Church, hav- ing united with that body in 1868, under the ministration of Elder Underwood, by whom he was baptized. Since becoming identi- fied with the body of Christ, he has endeavored to use such talents as the Lord has given him for the advancement of the Redeemer's cause. He has for some time held the ofiice of steward in his own congregation, and also that of district steward. The steward is the financial officer of the M. E. Church, and corresponds to that 468 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. of deacon in other churches. In the Sunday School work he also takes great interest, realizing its great importance and laboring zealously in the good cause. In the western part of the county, where he is l)e.st known, Mr. Owen is quite popular, and as a member of the Kepublican party, he wields considerable influence. On several occasions lie has been pressed by his friends to run for public office, but only once has his name been submitted to the people — in 1873, when he received the nomination for County Clerk at a very unfortun- ate time, as the farmers and laboring classes were then generally excited over the cry of monopoly uttered against the manufactur- ing and mercantile classes, and uniting under the name of Anti- Monopoly party, swept the country like a whirlwind. One satis- faction was aftbrded Mr. Owen when the result of the canvass was made known : he ran ahead of his ticket considerably, notwith- standing there were on it other very popular men. He has been honored by his township and town on several occasions, and has served as Postmaster of Tennessee for some years. We yet believe his services will be called forth by his party and his fellow- citizens. In 1865 he opened a stock of general merchandise in Tennessee, and has continued in the mercantile business ever since — a period of twelve years. lie has also the greater portion of the time en- gaged in the grain trade, purchasing for shipment, the small grain brought to that market. Success has crowned his efforts, and to-day we find him in good comfortable circumstances, every dollar of his wealth gained by a life of toil in a straight forward legitimate way. Some three years ago he purchased a farm lying one mile west of town on which he resides with his family. The farm is well improved, with a good comfortable house in which to live, and where, surrounded by wife and children, he can enjoy lite. Asa K. Owen is about five feet eight inches in height, good proportions, well developed head, black hair and eyes, full, flow- ing, black beard, and of good address. No man stands higher in the community than he, none deserves more from his fellow-cit- izens. As a friend and neighbor he is kind and benevolent, as a husband and father, he rules with love and receives the love of all in return. HISTORY OF m'domougii county. 469 IS 4 AC N. PEARSON. McDonoiigh county has been especially fortunate in the selec- tion of her county officers, never since its organization to the present time having lost a dollar by the betra3'al of her trusts, and no man ever served more faithfully than Isaac N. Pearson, the present efficient Circuit Clerk, who was born in Centerville, Pennsylvania, July 27, 1842. His parents were Isaac S. andLydia (Painter) Pearson, both natives of Pennsylvania. His father was for many years engaged in the mercantile business and served his county (Butler) in the Legislature of his native State. In 1846 after bidding his family good-bye, he departed for Philadelphia to purchase goods. While there he was taken sick with the fever, from which he never recovered, and diedintbat city far from home and kindred, none of the family ever being permitted to see his face again. He was buried by the Society of Friends in that city, being connected by birth with that body of faithful disciples of Christ. Mrs. Pearson, with the family, shortly after her hus- band's death, went to New Castle, Lawrence county, which place she made her home until the year 1849, when she removed to Hancock county this State, settling near the town of La Harpe, where she resided until her removal to Macomb in 1858. In this latter place she resided until her death, which occurred on the third day of March, 1872, being at the time sixty-six years of age, departing this life on the anniversary day of her birth. Mrs. Pearson, when but eighteen years of age, made a profession of re- ligion, uniting with the M. E. church, with which body she re- mained a consistent and faithful member until called to join the angelic throng above. She was a woman univei'sally respected by all who knew her, and combined in her being many rare qualities which go to make the true woman and mother. Her funeral was largely attended. Pev. Henderson Ritchie, who had long been intimately acquainted with her, delivering the funeral discourse : "Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord ; yea, and from hence forth they shall rest from their labors and their works do follow them." Isaac N. Pearson, of whom we now write, was the youngest of seven children, all of whom grew to men and women's estate, five of whom yet dwell upon this side of the river of death. With his mother he made such removals from place to place as pre- 11—30 470 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. viously mentioned, passing the first eight years of his life in a town, and the eight following upon a farm. The only education- al advantages enjoyed by him were in the common schools and two years attendance in the select school ot Prof. J. W. Mathews, in Macomb, in the years of 1856-57. In 1861, he entered the of- fice of J. B. Cummings, Circuit Clerk of the county, serving as Recorder until he became of age, when he received the appoint- ment from Mr. Cummings as Deputy Circuit Clerk, which posi- tion he filled acceptably until the expiration of Mr. Cumming's term of office. In the spring of 1865, he went to Bushnell to take a position in the banking house of Messrs. Chandler & Cummings, ■with whom he remained until the fall of 1868, when he again re- ceived the appointment of Deputy Circuit Clerk, this time from B. F. Pinkley, then elected to the office of Circuit Clerk of the county. This position he retained for the four years' term of Captain Pinkley, giving such satisfaction to the people that in 1872, he received the unanimous uomination by his party for the same office. iN'otwithstanding some opposition to him on account of his being a young man, he was triumphantly elected, receiving a greater majority than any man on the ticket. Again in 1876 he was renominated by acclamation, and again elected by a majority greater than any other, being three hundred votes ahead of his ticket, thus proving that the people believe it no crime to be a young man and that faithful service should be rewarded. The popularity of Mr. Pearson with the people is great indeed, but easily accounted for. He is always pleasant and accommodating to all; every visitor to his office, whether on business or not, is treated in a gentlemanly manner; his own private business, or the duties of the public office which he holds, is never neglected. Having business that brings him into daily intercourse with men of all parties, they have a chance to learn the qualities of the man, and show their appreciation for him by giving him their votes for office. Many of the strongest men of the opposition party never think of voting for another when he is a candidate. Mr. Pearson is a thorough and consistent Republican, the princi- ples of that party being "bred in the bone," but he never allows his love of party to deter him from duty as a public officer. As a citizen he is ever ready to engage in any good word or work sat- isfactory to his judgment, and in all enterprises as are of a public benefit and calculated to advance the best interests of the town or county. Benevolence with him is a ruling passion, and we find HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 471 Lim connected with, and an active member of, the Ancient Order of United Workmen, the Masons, and Odd Fellows. In this lat- ter body he has passed all the chairs, both in the Subordinate Lodge and Encampment, having also represented the lodge in the Grand Lodge of the State. Mr. Pearson is a man five feet eleven inches and a half in height, dark hair, brown eyes, and of good proportions physically. No man in the county has a larger circle ot friends and acquaint- ances, and none are more greatly esteemed. Through his own exertion, without assistance from any, he has accumulated a fair share of this world's goods, which will doubtless be used for the good of the public as well as his ow^n individual profit. A bright future is doubtless yet before him. JOSEPH E. PORTER. Joseph E. Porter, son of jSToah and jSTabby (Comins) Porter, was born in Wendell, Franklin county, Mass., July 9, 1821. His parents were born at the same place in 1795. There were eleven children, including the subject of this sketch, nine of whom grew to man's estate. They received their education principally at New Salem Academy, New Salem, Massachusetts, whither their father had removed for the purpose of giving them this ad- vantage. One attended Harvard College. The father and broth- ers were all highly respected and esteemed where they resided and all were honored with public office. The oldest brother was for fifteen years a Selectman and Justice of the Peace, one brother was a member of the State Senate of New Hampshire, and another has held the position of cashier of the First National Bank of Keene, N. H., for a period of twenty-five years, and still another has been a practicing physician in Old Deerlield, Massa- chusetts, for a period of twenty-five years. Warren, the youngest of the family, was a citizen of this county for some years, and went into the army and for a time was Lieutenant of Company L, 7th Illinois Cavalry. He is now Superintendent of the graded schools at Bridgeport, Conn., which position he has filled for some years. Joseph was reared on a farm, and worked hard from the time he was large enough to take hold of the plow. His habits in youth were exemplary, moral, upright and straightforward. He remained with his father until he attained his majority, shortly after which period he was joined in marriage with Miss Susan M. 472 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. Cogswell, ami left the parental roof and hired out to Avork on a farm. He worked eight mouths for one man for ^14 per month, and during that time lost but half a day, on which occasion he took his wife to town, and his employer charged him seventy-five cents for the use of the horse. While working for these wages he paid $3 for a church pew and ten cents each Sunday for the privi- lege of sending his wife to church, besides keeping up the ordi- nary expenses of his family, notwithstanding which he managed to save $100 a year out of his earnings. Mr. Porter has been farming all his life, with the exception of one year, when he w^as engaged in the bakery business, at Fram- ingham, Mass. lie invested $1,000 in the business, all of which was lost. In 1855 Mr. Porter came to Illinois with his father on a visit to his brothers, Lyman and Reuben, who were living in this county. While here his father died ; his remains were taken back to Massa- chusetts. In the spring of 1856 Mr. Porter removed to this county, locating on the farm on which he now resides, section 4, Kew Salem township. At that time it was raw, wild prairie, now it is one of the finest farms in the county, containing four hundred acres of well cultivated land, with good improvements thereon. He is one of McDonough's heavy stock feeders, engaging in this business very extensively. Mr. Porter has been three times elected, and for three years served in the McDonough county Board of Supervisor from New Salem township, and for fifteen years has been School Trustee of the same township, most of the time Chairman of the Board of Trustees. He has always manifested due interest in the afl'airs of his township, especially in the educational department, and the good schools in the community are in a great measure the result of his labor and attention in that behalf. In 1845 Mr. Porter became a member of the Congregational Church, at Framingham, Mass., being baptised by the Rev. Q. 'N. Tarbox. His wife united at the same time. In 1856 he united with the Presbyterian Church, at Bardolph, and in 1867 united with the Congregational Church of Macomb, and is now a com- municant in the latter church. Mr. Porter is the father of five children, two sons and three daughters, three of whom are now living, the other two having HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 473 been translated beyond the rolling river, where they await the re- union of all the loved ones in the beautiful home of the blessed. A son, Lester W., was killed in battle at Memphis, Tenn., August 21, 1864, during the rebel General Forrest's raid on that city. He was in Company I, 137th Regiment Illinois Volunteers. Mr. Porter is about five feet ten inches in height, and a stout, well built man, and usually in the enjoyment of perfect health. In his neighborhood and wherever known, he enjoys the respect and confidence of all. In the family circle he is pleasant and agreeable, receiving the love and affection of every member thereof. It is hoped he may be spared many years to fill useful positions in society. HON. WILLIAM II. RANDOLPH. David and Rebecca (Sutphen) Randolph, the parents of William H., were natives of the State of ISTew Jersey, which place they left at an early day, removing to the State of Kentucky, where they remained but a short time, emigrating from thence to Warren county, Ohio, where the subject of our present sketch was born on the twentieth day of August, 1813, near the town of Lebanon. They were, as regards wealth, in moderate circumstances, but de- sired to give their son such opportunities for future usefulness as their means would allow, having him educated for one of the learned professions, but it was willed otherwise. The early years of his life were spent with his parents on a farm, and in attendance on the common schools of the neighborhood. In youth were fore- shadowed the traits of character which afterward predominated in his life; he was brave, impulsive, kind and forbearing; a defender of the weak and oppressed. When about sixteen or seventeen yeaj's of age he went to learn the trade of a fuller, or manufacturer of woolen goods, continuing with the firm until he reached his majority, when he determined to seek other and greater fields of labor, and came to Rushville, Schuyler county, in- this State, where he remained a few months, and from thence came to Macomb, in this county, where he re- sided until the day of his death. As has been remarked, his par- ents desired that he should prepare himself for one of the learned professions, for that purpose having him take a regular collegiate course, but William thought a trade preferable, and therefore learned one as previously stated. When he arrived in Macomb he had between three hundred and four hundred dollars which he 474 HISTORY OF m'dOXOUGH COUNTY. invested in a small stock of groceries. Continuing in that branch of business until elected to the ofiice of sherifi of the county, in 1838, to which office he was twice re-elected, viz., in 1840 and 1842. In 1844 he was elected as a member of the House of Representa- tives of the Illinois Legislature, and re-elected in 1846. In 1848 he was elected to the office of Circuit Clerk of the county and re- elected in 1852, serving until 1856. Thus for eighteen years with- out intermission, he held public offices in the county, on each oc- casion of his election running ahead of his ticket, being always popular before the people. He was never beaten for office. In 1854, in company with Joseph M. Parkinson, Joseph W. Blount and M. T. Winslow, he opened the first banking house in McDonough County. For two years, or over, this institution pros- pered greatly, but in an evil hour, the company was persuaded into an arrangement Avith T. L. McCoy, of Galesburg, by which, they invested some ?20,000 in the Kemaha Valley Bank, issuing a certain percent, of the amount in notes, for which part only they were to be held responsible, the arrangement being that any bank- ing institution investing in the enterprise should be compelled to redeem only its own issue; but a further arrangement was made with the different parties that all notes presented at either of their banking houses, whether of the series issued by themselves or not, might be redeemed and sent to their respective banks for final re- demption. When the crash came in 1858, when the liemaha Val- ley Bank bubble burst, Messrs. Randolph & Co. redeemed their whole issue, and over $5000 of the notes of other parties, for which they never obtained value received. This firm would not suspend until they found it was utterly impossible ever to recover from the other parties, and then, and not until then, did they close their doors. The loss of Mr. J^andolph alone, by reason of the failure of others to make good their promises, was over |100,000. To his honor be it said, not a man ever lost a dollar by him. Unlike many others, he did not compromise with his creditors for a few cents on the dollar and then open out in grander style than ever, but continued, as fast as it was possible, to pay off his indebted- ness, and when death called him away he was almost clear before the world. One year more would probably have placed him in the same position he occupied before the crash came. Mr. Randolph was a man of great public spirit, and his means were used not only to increase his own wealth but for the public HISTORY OF M DONOUGH COUNTY. 475 good. In 1856 he began the erection of the well known Randolph Hotel and finished it in the following year. This stands to-day a monument of the public enterprise of the man. As a pecuniary investment it has never paid nor ever can. It stands an honor to the city and as a free will offering to the pride of the people. During this same year in which the erection of the hotel was began, he laid off for a public cemetery a tract of land just north of the city, comprising eleven acres, which he christened Oakwood Cemeter3\ For ^'ears the town had felt the want for a suitable place for the burial of the dead. The old cemetery, west of town, was too small and very inconvenient to the citizens of the place, and with his accustomed liberality and public spirit, Mr. Randolph selected the prettiest and most eligible spot adjoining the town for this " City of the Dead." On the twenty-sixth day of January, 1837, he led to the marriage altar Miss Matilda Jane Brooking, daughter of the well known and much respected old pioneer, Thomas Brooking, Esq., with whom he happily lived until the day of his death. It has been said by those who have been intimate with the couple, and who were members of the family for some years, they never heard a harsh word pass between them. The troubles Mr. R. experienced during his eventful life were never suffered to mar the happiness of the family circle, and when together, all cares, trials and disap- pointments were banished, and they lived in the enjoyment of the hour. Xo children ever blessed their union. In 1853 Mr. Randolph engaged in the real estate business, in company with J. M. Parkinson, under the firm name of Randolph, Parkinson & Co., continuing the same until November 3, 1856, when the firm disposed of their interests to McLean, Randolph & Co. The operations of this company were confined to the region known as the Military Tract, comprising some sixteen counties, lying between the Illinois and Mississippi rivers, and, for a time, were very extensive. Several very fortunate ventures were made, in which were realized a handsome sum of money, adding materi- ally to the wealth of Mr. R. Having an extensive acquaintance throughout the section, and knowing well the geography and topograhy of the country, he was always qualified to judge of the amount of risk that could be taken. In this work he unearthed several huge frauds that had been perpetrated upon the people, and restored to the proper persons their rights. 476 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. In 1858 he took charge of the Randolph Hotel, having failed in securing a suitable tenant, and continued in charge until the day of his death, although the duties of a landlord were rather onerous, on account of the vast amount of other business to which it was necessary that he should give his personal attention. Not- withstanding the great amount of labor devolving upon liim, no guest, observing the proprieties of a gentleman, ever had reason to complain of the want of attention. In politics Mr. Randolph was always radical. oSTo one ever doubted his position upon any of the great questions of the day. In his early life he affiliated with the Whig party, and the meas- ures of that party received his undivided support. As a Whig he was elected to the various county offices which he held. On the organization of the Republican party in 1854, he at once em- braced the principles proclaimed by its leaders. "Free press, free speech and freedom," had ever been with him a leading thought, and he entered heartily and zealouslj' into the work of moulding public opinion for the adoption of the new principles. The cry of "Abolitionist," "negro worshiper," and kindred phrases, had no effect upon him. Believing in the right of the cause which he advocated, he defied all the powers of the opposition, and their jeers served but to nerve him for the great conflict of opinion then existing and the conflict of arms soon to resound through- out the land. His business attairs on the organization of the party were such as to prevent him from taking the more active part to which his ardent nature prompted him, but notwithstand- ing, the success obtained in after years was greatly the result of his labors. In the presidential campaign of 1856, notwithstanding his party was greatly in the minority, he labored hard, and in 1860, when the noble martyr, Abraham Lincoln, was at the head of the ticket, when victory was assured from the division in the ranks of the opposition, he ceased not to labor until the announcement was made that the favorite son of Illinois should be the nation's chief for the term of four years ; and even not then, but toiled on and on until, like his honored chief, he suffered a martyr's death, yielding up his life in the defense of his country. The days that followed the election of Lincoln, the evil passions engendered, the war that followed in which our glorious country was deluged in blood, the widows and orphans made, the hearts HISTORY OF M'dONOUGH COUNTY. 477 broken, are now a record of history and well known to onr read- ers. The individual part taken by thousands and tens of thou- sands may never be known. When, in their madness, the South rebelled, and the call to arms was made by the President, the pri- vate business of Mr. Kandolph was such he could not, without too great personal sacrifice, go forth to the tented Held, as he in his heart desired ; but no man labored more to secure enlistments, none of their private means expended more to further the cause than he. The soldier going to or from the field was an ever wel- come guest at his house, and it they were possessed of no means to pay their bills, it mattered not. Whole companies were at times lodged and fed by him without a cent being paid. Many of the brave boys will ever hold in grateful remembrance the deeds of kindness of this man. On the fifteenth day of June, 1863, without solicitation or pre- vious notification, he received the appointment of Deputy Provost Marshall for the district of McDonough county, and on the twenty-eighth of September, 1864, he was re-appointed. His friends all advised him not to accept the appointment, as the du- ties required were dangerous to perform, and there being those in the county who were his deadly and sworn enemies, they might seek a pretext to take his life. The very reasons urged for non- acceptance were such as to determine him not to decline the appointment; he would do nothing that would show even a sem- blance of fear. It was his desire to serve his government, and he believed it was his duty to do so, and the opportunity was here offered; the duties were such as to require a man of nerve, and he would not flinch. His first duty was to make an enrollment of the militia, reporting the names to the Provost Marshall at Mt. Sterling. At this time McDonough county was short in the quota, and a draft was ordered ; and upon a certain day the num- ber deficient was drawn, and among the number was one John Bond, of Hire township. Captain Kandoiph at once notified him of the draft and ordered him to report at Mt. Sterling, which not being done, he proceeded to Blaudinsville for the purpose of arresting him. Here the two met; a few w^ords passed between them ; Bond endeavored to escape, when Mr. P., placing his hand upon his shoulder, told him he was his prisoner. Bond then drew a revolver, and retreating a pace or two fired at Pandolph and then fied, followed by Mr. P., who returned the fire. Duriug the 478 HSTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. firing of the first shots they were in the hall of the hotel, from which emerging, several more shots were exchanged, two of fhem taking effect upon Mr, Randolph, mortally wounding him and causing death within twenty-four hours. Everything that could be done by the best medical taknt in the county was done to save his life, but without avail; and thus passed from earth one of McDonough county's most honored sons. William 11. Randolph was of medium height, swarthy complex- ion, black hair and eyes, of a very nervous temperament, strong and active. He was of a most positive character, loving his friends with most intense devotion, and hating his enemies. He could not bear to hear a friend traduced, and would defend one as quickly as he would his own honor. One whom he regarded as an enemy he would have nothing to do with; he would never provoke a quarrel with him, seeking rather to avoid it, but if it should come he never feared the consequences. Of course such a man would have many strong friends and equally strong enemies. A more benevolent man never lived than he, being always a friend to the poor, never turning a deaf ear to their appeals. Many a poor person in McDonough county blesses his memory to-day for the assistance rendered them in their hour of need. As before remarked, in the family circle he was kind and gentle in the ex- treme — what might be termed a model husband. JAMES ROBERTS. Althongh he may not be what is termed an "old settler," yet the subject of our present sketch is well known, by reputation at least, by nearly every citizen of the count3\ IS'ot to have heard of James Roberts, or the mining operations of himself and brothers, is to confess ignorance on a point few desire to acknowl- edge. James Roberts is a native of England, having been born in the county of Cornwall on the twentieth day of March, 1820. His parents were Hugli and Elizabeth (Mitchell) Roberts, likewise natives of the Isle of the Sea, who were possessed of but little of this world's goods, and who consequently could not give their children the advantages possessed by those in better circumstances. From five until ten years of age he attended the schools of his native county and town, and when arriving at the latter age was compelled to enter the mines, henceforward to earn his own living HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 479 by the "sweat of his face." In early life he contracted the habit of partaking of intoxicating liquors, a habit which seemed to grow on him, but happily he realized the danger ere it was too late, and at the age of twenty he signed the temperance pledge^ which he has constantly observed to the present time, a period of thirty-seven years. On the seventh day of September, 1846, he led to the marriage altar Miss Cecilia Knight, with whom he yet lives and by whom he has had nine children, seven of whom are now living, two having gone to that better land. Believing the chances of obtaining a competency, or even ob- taining a very respectable livelihood in his native land to be poor, he determined to emigrate to America, the "Eldorado" of all the down-trodden and oppressed ot earth ; so about the first of May, 1847, with his wife he sailed for America, landing in Quebec on the twenty-sixth day of May. From this place he passed on to the copper mines of Lake Superior, but not fancying the em- ployment obtained there, he continued his journey to Kew Castle, Pa., where he arrived with only fifteen dollars in cash, and where a few days after his first child was born. Securing employment in the coal mines of Messrs. Crawford & Co., he went to work, and for three years continued with them as a common laborer, when the position of underground boss of the mines was offered him and gladly accepted. For two years and a half longer he continued with the firm as its superintendent, when he thought to better himself by coming west. Resigning the position in the early part of the year 1853, he came out and purchased a tract of one hundred and six acres of land near Webster, Hancock county. About this time an advertisement was inserted in a county paper for an experienced miner to work a coal mine near the present town of Colchester, which advertisement he answered in person, and engaged to mine coal on the shares. This he continued for some time, when he purchased eighty acres in the Welch settle- ment, and began to mine for himself. When he came west, not knowing where he should settle, or how he should like the coun- try, he left his family in New Castle ; in November following he sent for them, they arriving the same month. In the meantime he rented an old log house situated near the Pleasant Valley Mills, in which he moved with his family when they arrived. This house was in very poor condition, the snow drifting through the cracks and the rain pouring in on them as though the building 480 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. had 110 covering. Many a time were the family compelled to take shelter under a large umbrella brought with them from England. Their first winter in this new country was indeed hard, but their experience was only such as had been the lot of hundreds before them, and served to strengthen them for the trials and duties of after life. It did not take Mr. Roberts long to discover 'the vast treasure that lay beneath his feet, and from the first he began to organize for future operations; and by the time the railroad was completed, he was ready to engage in the business of mining on an extensive scale. In company with his brother, Hugh, and also, at various times, with Messrs. Morris, Spencer and others, he opened new veins, sunk new shafts, and labored hard to develop the wonderful resources of the country. For the first four or five years only drift coal was taken out, and hauled in wagons to the railroad for ship- ment. In 1858 the first shaft was sunk by him, as superintendent of the mines of Roberts & Co., since which time several others have also been made, and now we have some eight or ten, with over two hundred persons engaged in taking coal from the bowels of the earth, at least one hundred feet? from its surface. AH this is due to James Roberts more than to any other man. With in- domitable pldck and energy, Avithout capital to begin life, he has labored on, evercoming obstacles that would have prevented others with less courage and perseverance from accomplishing their desire. Success has crowned his every effort, and to-day he is in the enjoyment of a sufficient amount of this world's goods to live in ease should he never do another day's work. But idle- ness is not characteristic with him; he could not be idle if he would; it is not his nature, so we find him to-day engaged as ac- tively as ever in his raining operations, being the president and superintendent of the Colchester Coal Company. We 'presume he will so live and so die — he will never rust out. A large family has grown up around him, whom he has endeavored to raise for usefulness in life. We find composing the company of which he is president three sons, two of whom live in Quincy and have charge of its interests in that city, one remaining in charge of the shaft in the mines. Each of these we believe to be industrious young men, who now enjoy the respect and esteem of all who know them. I IIISTOKY OF M'dONOUGII COUNTY 481 At ail early age Mr. Eoberts experienced religion, uniting with the Wesleyan Methodists. He has since been connected with the Primitive Methodists, Bible Christians (another branch of the Methodist family), and the Methodist Episcopal, the changes being made by reason of removals and not with desire to seek something new or better, lie is now a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Colchester, occupying the position of trus- tee, and is a pillar in that church. lie was a member of the building committee having in charge the erection of their house of worship at that place. Mr. Eoberts is a man of medium height, light complexion, dark hair, and, as before remarked, a man of determination and strong will. In business matters he requires exactness. As a citizen he is respected for his love of justice, as a Christian he is God-fear- ing, as a husband and father kind, gentle and affectionate, yet firm in his government and discipline. Such in brief is James Roberts, who, from a very humble beginning, has fought his way through life until he now occupies a good position in society and enjoj^s the fruits of a life of toil. 482 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. CIIAPTEE XXXIV. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES CONTINUED. CAPTAIN JAxMES W, FEE. James W. Fee, postmaster at Blaiidinsville, 111., was boru in Clermont county, Ohio, on the twenty-sixth day of August, 1826, and came to this State in 1848, settling in Pike county, where he remained seven years, when ho crossed the Mississippi, taking up bis residence in Missouri, from which place he returned to Pike county, 111., on the breaking out of the war, enlisting in August, 1862, and mustered in the United States service as First Lieuten- ant, Co. B, 99th regiment, Illinois Volunteers. With this regi- ment he continued, first as Lieutenant, then as Captain, until the •close of the war, being mustered out July 31, 1865. The regiment did most excellent service during the whole period, participating in quite a number ot battles and skirmishes, and in the memora- ble seige of Vicksburg, losing 253 men. In one assault in which 300 men were engaged, 103 of the number were either killed or wounded. Captain Fee during his whole period of service never had a leave of absence and continued with his command until its final muster out, not losing even a day's time by sickness. When the regiment was consolidated into a batallion he w^as the only offi- cer retaining his rank and letter of the company. At the expira- tion of his term of service Captain Fee returned to Pike county, where he remained some eighteen months, going from there to Oquawka, Henderson county, w^here he remained until 1874, when he removed to Plandinsville, where he has since continued to re- side. A short time after his removal to the village he received the appointment of Postmaster, the only public otfice he ever held. The parents of Captain Fee, Thomas and Sarah (Hastings) Fee were poor in this world's "roods, but rich in faith of the blessed HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 483 hope of the gospel, being devout members of the M. E. Church, of which body their son united at the early age of fifteen, remain- ing in its connection some seven or eight years. At this time, by a careful study of the Word, his religious convictions underwent a change in some of the points of doctrine, and he sought mem- bership in the Baptist church. AVith this branch of God's family he yet retains membership, and has labored in word and doctrine for the advancement of the cause for many years. In 1860 lie was ordained as a minister of the gospel in Missouri, since which time he has continued occa- sionally to preach, but never giving himself wholly to the work, and never depending upon it for the means of subsistence. Since reaching man's estate, he has continually engaged in the mercan- tile trade, save for the period while employed in the military ser- vice of his country. In this way he has lived, devoting such time as he could command, or as he conceived he could accomplish good by the proclamation of the gospel. He has served as pastor for several congregations and also as supply. He is now connected with the congregation at Blandinsville, and is a member of the Salem Association, of which body he has been treasurer for two years. In youth Captain Fee gave promise of the same traits of char- acter that have distinguished him in latter life. He was a good, steady boy, and no one was afraid to trust him on any occasion or in any way. During the whole period of his life he has never taken a drink of whisky, notwithstanding he has been thrown much in the company of those who have indulged in the practice. In October, 1852, he led to the marriage altar Miss Lucy M. Parks, daughter of Rev. N. Parks, with whom he has lived a happy and pleasant life to the present time. Xo children have blessed their union. Captain Fee is a la^ge, robust looking man, with the appear- ance of being able to enjoy life as well as another. In ever}' good word and work we find him actively engaged. His labors are not confined alone to "our church," and in charity he holds out the hand to the needy on every side. We believe there is little of that selfish nature in his being ; that he is willing "to do good as he may have opportunity, especially to the household of faith." He enjoys the respect and confidence of all who know him. 484 HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. IIAKVEY L. ROSS. The subject of our present sketch was born in Seneca county, JSTew York, on the tenth day of October, 1817, and when but four years of age came with his father, 0. M. Eoss, to the State of Illi- nois, settling" in what is now known as Fulton county, at that time being a part of Pike county. Fulton county was organized some two years after. Its boundary line extended east and west from the Illinois to the Mississippi river, and from the base line near where Rushville now stands to the northern boundary of the State, including the country where Rock Island, Galena, Chicago and Peoria now stand. His father was a soldier in the war of 1812, and moved upon the land secured by service in that war, lying north of the present town of Lewistown, which town was laid off by him the following year after his arrival, viz. : in 1822. He was the first sheriff of the county elected by the people ; was the first postmaster in the county; raised the first ten acres of corn, and the first crop of wheat and rye. The only settlements within the boundary of the county at this time were one near the present town of Pushville, Lewistown, Canton, Chicago and Fort Clark, now Peoria, Lewistown being the county seat and the larg- est town in the county, and the only place where elections w^ere held. "When his father was elected sheriff of the county, in 1823, the excitement ran high, being a contest between Korth and South Fulton. The voters at that time came from Fort Clark down the Illinois river, a distance of fifty miles, in canoes ; then up Spoon river ten miles; then on foot through the woods six miles to Lewistown to deposit their ballots, bringing their whisky with them, without which it was thought impossible to travel or to properly exercise the rights of American citizens. Many of those from the south part of the county came a distance of thirty miles. The elder Ross carried on farming, and was also engaged in the mercantile business in Lewistown up to the year 1829, at which time he removed to where the present town of Havana is, now the county seat of Mason county. The land on which the town now lies was entered by him and by him laid off for the town. Here he built a large hotel, and also owned the first ferry run across the river at that place. He also carried on a large whole- sale and retail mercantile business, and had an extensive trade with the Indians. He died at this point in 1837, his loss being HISTORY OF m'dON'OUGTI COITNTY. 485 deeply felt and regretted by every one. The following year (1838) the widow, with the family, moved to Canton, in Fulton county. In 1839, Harvey L., of whom we now write, returned to Ha- vana and took charge of the old homestead, continuing the hotel and ferry business, which his father had established, and engaged extensivel}' in other lines of trade. AVe iind him at one time, in addition to carrying on a livery stable, running a stage route from Springtield to Lewistown, making three trips each week, keeping a wood-yard for the accommodation of steamboats, a warehouse in Havana, and two on the opposite side of the river for the storage of goods and produce, carrying on a large farm, acting as post- master, all of which he superintended himself. In the spring of 18S0, Mr. Ross had the pleasure of riding upon the first steamboat that ever ran upon the Illinois river as far as Havana. This boat, the Liberty, was commanded by Captain Sam. Bailey, well known to all pioneers. When fifteen years of age, Mr. Ross was employed to carry the mail from Springfield to Monmouth, a distance of one hundred and thirty-five miles, making a trip each week. He would often have to swim streams three or four times each day, with the mail bags strapped across his shoulders. At that time there was no direct road between Knoxville and Monmouth, a distance of twenty miles, and not a single house between the two points. His only guide along the route was points of timber. He tells us that he still has a vivid recollection of his hair gently raising one stormy night in January, when in the vicinity of the present town of Galesburg, on hearing a pack of hungry wolves set up a tremen- dous howlinoi; a few rods behind him. He lost no time in reaching the end of his journey, The only postoffices' on the route were Springfield, Sangamon Town, New Salem, Havana, Lewistown, Canton, Farmington, Knoxville and Monmouth. Abraham Lin- coln, our martyr president, was then postmaster at New Salem, receiving his appointment on the recommendation of Mr. Ross' father, who was one of the oldest postmasters in the country, and the only postmaster at that time within the boundaries of the present county of Mason. After carrying the mail for a length of time over that long, dangerous and desolate route, his father let out a part of it to an uncle of Harvey, Malon Winans, the part let being from Lewistown to Monmouth. Winans had a son that he intended to put upon the route, but concluded to go over u— 31 488 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. of land in tluit county. While farming has occupied the princi- pal part of liis time, yet he has engaged, from time to time, in other business. After moving to Vermont, he was for fifteen years engaged in the mercantile trade, buying and shipping grain, and packing pork. He was also appointed agent and had the supervision of the Vermont branch of the Fulton I^ank, which was located at Vermont in 1859, and was the first bank estab- lished in the county. In 1873, he traded a portion of his farm in Fulton county for a farm of two hundred acres near the city of Macomb, selling the balance for twelve thousand dollars, and then removed to Macomb, where he yet resides and w^here he will doubtless remain until called to join the glorified throng above. Mr. Ixoss never had the advantages of any special education, the only instruction ever received was in a log school-house, with puncheon floor, mud chimney, oiled paper window lights, and split logs for benches, liealizing the difficulties under which he has labored, without sufficient knowledge, has caused him always to take a great interest in the cause of education, and no one will do more than he will for the improvement of our public schools. Xot only in educational matters has he taken special interest, but in all matters tending to the public good and the general im- provement of the countr3^ To the first railroad built through Fulton county he donated over three thousand dollars in cash, besides giving the right of way through his farm, together with the ground for a depot at Vermont. He also acted as railroad director for two years while the road was being built, for which service he has never received a dollar by way of compensation, unless it has been in cheap transportatian, though he says he is not exactly clear on that point, as he remembers having to pay $1 40 per hundred for freight from Chicago to Macomb on the C, B. & Q. R. R., while he also remembers the time when the Spring- field merchants, and others through the country, were enabled for a number of years to get their goods hauled about the same dis- tance by ox teams at fifty cents a hundred. He also remembers the time when he was part owner of a steamboat and ran on it as clerk and signing bills of lading carrying freight a much greater distance than from Chicago to Macomb for ten cents per hun- dred. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 489 For a number of years Mr. Ross has taken a great interest in the cause ot temperance, and rehites the following incident in this connection. He had gone to Jacksonville, this State, in 1834, to take his oldest brother and sister who were attending school at that place, and, one evening while walking from the college to the town with Richard Yates and some other students, Yates said to him: "Ross, are you going to the temperance meeting to- night ? A lawyer from McDonough county is to speak." He answered he would go. Yates at this time was a student of great promise in the college and was for three years a room-mate of Lewis W. Ross, brother of Harvey L. The lawyer from Mc- Donough that delivered the address was no less a personage than Hon. Cyrus Walker, frequently spoken of in this work, and one of the best attorneys in the State of Illinois. At the conclusion of the lecture, Richard Yates, "Bill" Carlin and a couple of young ladies were appointed to circulate the pledge. The arguments of Mr. Walker were so convincing that when Yates, who slowly made his way through the crowded room, came to Mr. Ross, he signed it without hesitation and has faithfully kept it to the pre- sent time. But how has it been with poor "Dick" Yates and "Bill" Carlin, the two young students who circulated the pledge and who grad- uated from the college with high honors? Yates, after tilling many responsible positions, among them Governor of the great State of Illinois and United States Senator, died in a third-class liotel in St. Louis, away from home, family, and friends, with only a servant to close his eyes in death ; while Carlin, who was a son of ex-Governor Carlin, and who also filled a number of offices of honor and profit, died an inebriate. Mr. Ross has never indulged in the use of intoxicating liquors, though raised where it was used constantly and by all classes ; has never taken a chew of tobacco, smoked a cigar, or had a day's sickness in his life, and has never found the boy or man who could beat him rmning or jumping. In 1843 Mr. Ross made a profession of religion and united with the Presbyterian church in Vermont, with which body he re- mained in connection until his removal to Macomb. For four years previous to his removal to the latter place, he was a ruling elder in the church at Vermont, and now occupies the same posi- tion in the church at Macomb. He takes great interest in the 490 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. Sunday School work, and is an efficient worker in that useful iield of labor. lie is also a life member of the American Bible Society, and no good word or work but what meets and secures his hearty co-operation. As a man, he enjoys the respect of every one, having few, if indeed, any enemies. He stands about five feet eight inches in height, of slender but well knit proportions, and has an excellent constitution. He is a man of great energy, and fulfills the divine injunction •' Whatsoever thy hand tindeth to do, do with thy might." Unsought, Mr. Ross received the nomination as representative to the legislature for the counties of McDonough and AVarren from the Independent party in 1874, but not having been a resi- dent of the district sufficient time to make him eligible to the office, he therefore withdrew from the canvass. Had he run, he undoubtedly would have been elected. JOSEPH SHANNON. The subject of this sketch was born in Tuscarawas county, Ohio, on the twenty-third day of November, 1818. His parents were Thomas and Rebecca (Davis) Shannon, natives of Pennsyl- vania. His father died when he was about two years old, and about twelve years after his mother again married. Boy that he was, Joseph now decided on leaving home and henceforth do for himself. Without aid from any one, he educated himself, attend- ing first the common schools in the winter, and, in due course of time, entering Kenyon College, Gambler, Ohio. In this institu- tion he spent some time, paying his board and tuition by working for the professors. In this act he showed a trait of character that might well be imitated by many at this day. Many young men at the present time, instead of going forward and by their own exertions acquiring knowledge that would be beneficial to them in after life, and likewise developing in themselves a degree of manhood and independence, wait supinely for some well-endowed institution to give them instruction without money and without price. Farming has ever been the regular occupation ot Mr. Shannon, though for many years he engaged in teaching during the winter months. He now lives on a well-improved farm on section 25, Mound township. Leaving Ohio he came to Fulton county, in this State, where he lived a short time, or until the spring of 1857, when he removed to his i)resent place of residence. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 491 In politics Mr. Shannon is a Republican. He keeps well read in the political news of the day, and therefore acts iinderstandingly. For six years he has represented his township as a member of the Board of Supervisors and is its present representative. In all his official relations he pursues the same course as in conducting his private business. Bills of doubtful character are never permitted to pass with his sanction, and no member looks more closely to the interests of his constituents. In 1840 Mr. Shannon was married to Miss Delilia Milner. Six children have blessed their union, five of whom still live, one son dying from the effects of wounds received at the battle of Shiloh, in the late rebellion. Mr. Shannon is a man of many good qualities of head and heart, and there is in him much to com- mend. JOHN WILLIAM SIDERS. This gentleman is a native of Ohio, having been born in High- land county, of that State, on the 31st day of March, 1839. His father, Henry Siders, was born near Frederick, Md., but at an early age emigrated to Virginia, the native State ot his mother, whose maiden name was Xancy Kidd. The young couple were poor in this world's goods, but rich in faith, and with a will and determination to dare and do. Shortly after marriage they moved to Ohio, settling in Highland county, where they made their homes for some years. Mr. Siders was a hard-working man, one that never shirked duty in any respect. It is said of him that he could clear more land of its timber and brush than any man in the whole State. The first recollection of the subject of our present sketch is in living in the timber, gathering together, piling up and burning the brush from the fallen trees. At the age of six years he was sent to the common schools of the county in which he lived, this being continued for four months in each year until he was twelve years of age, since which time he had only forty days' schooling. During this last period duties were placed upon him which the youth of our land at present would doubtless rebel against. With nine others he was classed off two and two, and one day in each week would have to cut the wood amd build the fire in the old-fashioned fire-place, which was eight feet wide and which required for one filling a very large amount of wood. The school-house was situated in a vallcv, and whole 492 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. trees were dragged down from the top of the high hill and piled around the school house that they might he cut hy the oldest boys. In 1856, witli his parents, he came to McDonough county, set- tling in Emmet township, where he has since resided until within the past year, when he removed to Macomb on his accession to the office of county treasurer to which he had been elected the year previous. All the best years of his life have been spent on a farm, and for nearly twenty years of that time he has worked on the farm in summer and taught school in the winter. As a teacher he has been eminently successful. Notwithstand- ing the short time spent in the schools of the county, he has at home studied hard to prepare himself for usefulness in life. He is a self-educated and a self-made man in every respect. He is a kind friend and neighbor, enjoying the confidence and respect of all who know him. A strict temperance man, he is known and recognized by all. While a candidate for office, not one cent did he spend for liquor, directly or indirectly. While the Good Tem- plars were in existence in the county, he was a good working mem- ber and known as such throughout the State. BENJAMIN F. THOMPSON. Among the early settlers of Adams county, 111., were Josiah and Louey (Tibbits) Thompson, the parents of the subject of our pres- ent sketch, who emigrated from Ohio in 1830, the summer before the big snow. Mr. Thompson wasanOhioan by birth, while Mrs. Thompson first saw the light of day in the State of Maine, but when a small child was taken to Ohio where she was raised, and where she was married. When they arrived in Adams county, and for several years after, they were in very limited circumstances and in consequence suffered more or less, especially during the winter following their arrival. Benjamin Franklin Thompson was born in Fall Creek town- ship, Adams county, Illinois, on the seventh day of November, 1835, and spent the early part of his life upon a farm with his parents, and in attending the common schools of the county as the opportunity^ offered, lie was an easy, good-natured boy, full of fun, and extremely fond of practical jokes, which seemed to be an inherent trait in the family. In order to prepare himself for the profession of a teacher, Mr. Thompson attended Quincy College one term, and lledding HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. 493 Seminar}, in Abingdon, for about the same length of time, obtain- ing a pretty thorough knowledge of the English language as well as the sciences. For about nine years thereafter he engaged in teaching some eight or nine months each year, the balance of the time working upon a farm. As a teacher, he met with good suc- cess, it being a profession suited to his nature. While engaged in this work, near Ilillsgrove in this county, he first met Miss Mary S. Walker, daughter of one of the old pioneers of McDon- ough, Andrew J. Walker, of Tennessee township. The meeting resulted in a friendship which ripened into love, and on the second day of April, 1862, the couple were married. Five child- ren have been born unto them, two only of whom remain to bless the hearts of their parents, three having been called to join the happy throng upon the other side, where in the sweet byc-and-bye it is hoped the family will again be united never more to be sepa- rated, and where tears and sorro"svs never come. The father and mother of Mrs. Thompson departed this life in the winter of 1864, both being carried away bj^ the same disease, diptheria, and within one week of each other. They were a couple well known and res- pected in their neighborhood. After marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Thompson settled in Adams county, where Mr T. purchased a small tract of land which he endeavored to improve for a permanent home. While on a visit to this county, William M. Latimer, who was running a store in Tennessee, made a proposition to sell the same to him, which, after giving the subject considerable thought, he decided to ac- cept, and in the fall of 1865, he sold his land in Adams county, purchased the store and residence property of Mr. L., and moved bis family to the place, where he has since continued to reside, and where the little "one-horse store" has grown to first class pro- portions, and its trade second to few in the Military tract. In 1864, Mr. Thompson experienced a change of heart, and united with the Methodist Episcopal Church, with which body he yet retains connection, being in Tennessee one of its most active members. In the Christian work he never tires, using the talents the Lord has given him for the advancement of his cause. lie has for a number of years, been a J^istrict Steward, for the Col- chester Circuit, and also a Trustee of the Church in Tennessee. In the Sunday school work, he has always taken the greatest in- terest, being an active worker in that cause. !Xo sacrifice is too great for him to make for the good of the school, and every Sab- 494 nsTouY of m'donough county. bath fiiuls liim in his accustomed place, attending to the duties devolving upon him therein. He has held the office of Superin- tendent some time, as well as tilled the position of teacher and leader of music. In music, Mr. T., although disclaiming any pro- ficiency in the science, is required to assist in and superintend all concerts and musical entertainments in the place. The benevolent orders claim a good share of his attention, he holding membership and filling important offices in Masonic, Odd Fellows and United Workmen lodges of Tennessee. Ko good work but what meets with his hearty co-operation. Although a young man, he has seen considerable of this world. In 1856 a party of young men in Adams county made their prepa- tion to go to California, and passing by and dining where Mr. T. was boarding, he agreed to accompany them to Quincy and see them off. While in that city he suddenly made up his mind to be one of the party, and going to the bank, drew^ out his deposits, and in the evening was on the way, going by way of Chicago to New York by rail, and there taking a vessel ))y w^ay of Aspinwall and Panama, crossing the Isthmus and tlience by steamer to San Francisco. lie only remained some three or ibur months in that Eldorado, when he sailed for home, returning by way of Nicara- gua, where the fillibuster Walker was then engaged in fighting. The cholera broke out on board the vessel on which he returned, and with others he had a, severe attack, but fortunately recovered. Mr. Thompson is about five feet eight inches in height, light, wavy hair, which with his beard, is very thick; blue eyes, and a well developed head, the benevolent faculty being ver}' prominent. He is kind and affectionate in the family, a pleasant neighbor and an agreeable man in every respect. ELDER J. L. TOWNER. John L. Towner was born in Steuben county, New York, Au- gust 20, 1820, and was the eldest of eight children, four of whom were boys and four girls. His parents were John Iv. and Hannah (Loop) Towner, the father a native of New York and his mother of Pennsylvania. His father was a man of marked character, having occupied many positions of honor and trust, bestowed upon him by his fellow citizens ; he was likewise a true Christian man, and for the advancement of the cause of Christ he gave his time and means. His mother was a woman of remarkable mind, having an extensive knowledge of the Scriptures, and her wise HISTORY OF m'doNOUGH COUNTY. 495- counsels, and the purity of her life, had much to do in moulding- the character and mind of her son. In 1835 the parents removed to this State, settling near the town of Belvidere, Boone county, of which county they have the honor of being the first white set- tlers. Indians were then all around there, and were frequent vis- itors to their cabin. At this time John L, was but a lad of fifteen years of age. After erecting his cabin the elder Towner sent John with a team to Chicago to bring their household goods which had been shipped by lake to that place. The present mighty city was then but a small village of about 1500 inhabitants ; to-day, it numbers more than a half million. All the advantages in the way of education that could be en- joyed by those dwelling in this new country were given the subject of this sketch. He had the benefit x^f the common schools in his native county, and of the Academy erected at Belvidere at an early day. In 1843, under the ministration of Elder "William Roberts, he made confession of his sins, and was baptized into Christ, by that man of God, some three years after. Having given the subject much thought, he determined upon entering the work of the ministry, giving his time and whatever talents the Lord may have given him for the advancement of his cause. In order that he might specially prepare himself for that purpose, he entered the Divinity School, Meadville, Pennsylvania, where he remained eighteen months. In 1849 he entered npon the regular work, having been set apart for that purpose, since which time he has devoted his entire time to the proclamation of glad tidings. His work has been prosperous to a great degree, and his labors have extended over a large territory, having received calls and served as pastor of churches in the towns of Belvidere, Piano and Industry, and the counties of Kendall and Stephenson, Illinois, Greene county, A\^isconsin, Grant county, Indiana. In Industry, where he now resides, he has labored faithfully for nine years, to the satisfaction of the members of his own church and the com- munity in general. Elder Towner is a hard-working, zealous. Christian man — one who enjoys the respect and confidence of every one knowing him; his Christian integrity is doubted by none. As a preacher, he is plain, practical and earnest; he talks like one who believes what he speaks, and therefore carries conviction to the hearts of his hearers. In all that he savs or does it can well be believed 496 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. that be is conscientious. In tilling his appointments he allows no triHes to interfere with his attendance. As an illustration of this we will state that on one occasion, while going with his wife to an appointment, he found a stream which he had to cross greatly swollen by the rain, so much so that a less zealous person w^ould have turned back before attempting to ford it, and waited until the waters subsided. But he determined to make the attempt, and in doing so, his horse and buggy had to swim ; but they reached the other side in safety, with no damage save the wetting of their persons, wearing apparel and books. Another time he was not quite so fortunate, for in attempting to cross a stream from which the bridge had been carried away, and which was running very fast, his horse was borne down by the switt current and was lost. Mr, Towner, with great difficulty, reached the shore, the stream having in it running ice, and the water being so cold, that when he did make the land he was so chilled that he could scarcely reach a house which was a half mile distant. The horse was valued at one hundred and fifty dollars, which was a total loss, save thirty dollars made up by friends where he had gone to preach. Elder Towner w^as united in marriage with Miss Keziah Brown- ell, on the tenth of February, 1850. Two children have blessed their union, a son and daughter, the former now a young man of considerable talent that will doubtless be used to a good purpose. In the family circle, Mr. Towner is kind, pleasant and agreeable; receiving the love and affection of his children. ROSWELL TYRRELL. When visiting the western part of the county in search of ma- terial for the History of McDonough county, nearly every person we met inquired of us if we did not intend to give a sketch of the life of Uncle Roswell Tyrrell, as all familiarly called him. We re- plied that it would give us pleasure to give such a sketch should we be furnished with the material incidents of his life by those who were intimately acquainted with him. Many times had we heard old settlers mention this good man, and we thought it was due his memory that he should have a place among the records given of the old pioneers and prominent men of the county. Roswell Tyrrell was the son of Abijah and Naomi Tyrrell, and was born near Hartford, Connecticut, on the twenty-third day of May, 1798. In early life he shadowed forth the peculiar traits of HISTORY OF m'dOXOUGH COUNTY 497 character that made him noted in after years. lie was always a quiet, steady hid, attending closely to his duties on the farm and in the common school pursuing his studies with zeal. Every school boy or girl has read of tlie second war with Great Britain, the beginning of which was in 1812, when TiosAvell was but fourteen years of age, entirely too young to enlist. The war continuing, two years thereafter, when but sixteen years of age, he enrolled himself in the army and served until the close of the war the year following, when he received his discharge. What special service may have been performed by the regiment in which he enlisted, we are not advised, but we do know that young Ros- well Tyrrell never would have shirked duty, and if called upon to face the foe upon the battle field he never would have flinched. On receiving his discharge, he returned to Trumbull county, Ohio, to which place had emigrated when about fourteen years of age, and where he remained until the spring of 1819, when, there being some difficulty with respect to his discharge papers, he went on foot to Washington, D. C.,to have the mistake corrected. After having the matter attended to, he started on foot west, in- tending to settle in the State of Illinois. He arrived in Madison county in the fall, remaining there some four years, when he re- moved to Fulton county, where, on the twentj^-second day of February, 1823, near the town of Lewistown, he was married to Miss Mary Ann Sidwell, with whom he lived happily until death called her away, which sad event occurred in May, 1828. She died in the full assurance of hope, leaving one daughter for him to rear and provide. Mr. Tyrrell received as a pension from the Cnited States gov- ernment, for service in the war of 1812, a land warrant for one hundred and sixty acres of land, which warrant he sold, and with the proceeds, in 1826, purchased a quarter on section 29, 5 north, 4 west, now Tennessee township, which quar- ter he held until his death. In the fall of 1830, he came over from Fulton county, erected his cabin, and returned for his fam- ily. While gone, "the big snow," of which so much is said by old settlers, fell, necessitating his remaining away until the fol- lowing spring, when he came back and effected a permanent set- tlement. On the eighth day of July he was again married, leading to the marriage altar Miss Hannah Ann Brooks. One daughter was born unto them. The second Mrs. Tyrrell died in 1852. 498 HISTORY OF m'donough county. About the year 1834 Mr. Tyi-rell became bondsman for one of the oflacers of McDonough county who, unfortunately, failed to make full returns due the county, aud Mr. T. was called upon to make good the deticiency. This was an entirely unlooked for €vent, and came very heavily upon him, but he determined that every dollar should be paid. Few to-day can realize the trouble had in obtaining money in those days. Men with thousands of acres of land, with an abundance of personal property, could scarcely raise money to pay their taxes, small as they then were. But Mr. Tyrrell proposed to pay this indebtedness, though it was frequently suggested to him that its payment could be avoided. The very idea of repudiation was horror to him, and he has often said that never for a moment was he tempted to do sucli a thing. As the money could not be raised here by any means that could be re- sorted to, Mr. Tyrrell determined on once more going to the lead mines, and, as a day laborer,*work to obtain the money to make good his bond. Although the amount he was required to pay would not seem very large to us at the present day, yet it required eleven years to make the tinal payment, but every dollar was paid, and McDonough county was saved from loss. The discovery of gold in California caused a tremor of excite- ment throughout the whole country and thousands flocked to the New Eldorado. Among the first to seek his fortune in that strange laud, was the subject of our present sketch. In April, 1849, in company with several others, he started on the overland journey, arriving at his destination in about seven months from the time of starting. The hardships of that journey he bore remarkably well, and in good health and spirits he began to labor in the mines, con- tinuing in the work for three years, save about three months when he was unable to do anything on account of sore eyes. He re- turned home in 1852, having in a measure, been quite successful, more so than the great majority that went out with him. Mr. Tyrrell was never a member of the Church, though in life he was a strictly moral man. The second great commandment, to " love thy neighbor as thyself," he carried out to the letter. "When James Fulkerson settled in his neighborhood, in 1832, Mr. Tyrrell was in the habit of attending to any little chores around the house that might seem necessary on the Sabbath day, such as cutting wood, sharpening his tools, etc., but as he saw that Mr- Fulkerson did not approve of the same, he resolved to discontinue the practice, saying, " My grief, it don't hurt me to cut wood, but HISTORY OF m'donough county. 499 it hurts Uncle Jiminv's fcelini?s, so I won't do it/' And he was ever afterwards as good as his word, and " Uncle Jimmy's" feel- ings were never hurt by his Sabbath breaking. His honesty was proverbial wherever he was known, and when another person was specially commended for this trait of character, it was said of him that " he is as honest as Uncle Roswell Tyrrell," or "Uncle lios- well Tyrrell couldn't do better than that." Another excellent trait in him was that he ever kept his promise to the very letter. On one occasion he left his two little girls at home while lie went to Macomb on some business. While there he was so unfortu- nate as to be taken as a juryman. When night came he told the judge he must return home. The judge replied that he could not excuse him. "But," he said, "I must go; I promised my little girls that I would be at home to-night, and I never break my promise to them." And home he went, trudging his way along on foot, spending the night with his little ones, and returning to town the next morning before court was called. The judge thought such a desire to keep inviolate a promise made to the little ones was to be commended rather than reproved, and there- fore did not fine him for contempt. Until the formation of the Republican part}-, in 1854, Mr. Tyr- rell had always been a Democrat, but not approving the position of the Democratic party on the slavery question, he refused longer to act with it. He had always been a strong anti-slavery man, and in 1824, when the effort was being made to convert Illinois into a slave state, he voted against calling a convention to amend the constitution for that purpose. When the Republican party came into existence he found the principles enunciated by its leaders were in accordance with those he had long held, and there- fore acted with it until he was called away. Ko stronger Repub- lican ever lived than he, and in his death that party lost one of its most earnest advocates. He was well posted in all the ques- tions at issue between the two great parties, spending the greater portion of the last twenty years of his life in reading and posting upon the political questions of the day. During the dark days of the war he was intensely loyal, and although too old to enter the service of his country, as he did forty-seven years previous, his heart was with the "boys in blue" upon the tented field, and many acts of kindness did he perform for the dear ones they left behind. No wife, sister, or mother of a soldier would be allowed to suffer if in his power to minister relief, and numberless little 500 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. deeds of kindness might be recorded in this connection wherein he figured as the principal party. ISTo man ever stood higher in the community than he, and even his most bitter political enemies never doubted his honesty. How- ever much they might doubt the truth of a political statement, they would invariably remark, "A\^ell, he is honest in what he says." We never heard of but one instance in which his word was ever doubted. A stranger, with whom he was conversing, charged him indirectly wiih falsifying, when he quietly responded, as if his feelings were hurt greatly, "Mister, you don't know me, or you wouldn't say that." It was his pride to make his word respected by every one, and none knowing the man ever doubted his sincerity. lie had a heart overflowing with love of humanity, and to the poor he was ever kind and considerate. The cabin which he erect- ed in 1830, it is said, was the first home of nearl}^ every family in the Hillsgrove settlement, and not a cent of rent was he ever known to receive for its use. If the family was poor, or in need of any of the necessaries of life. Uncle Roswell was ever ready to supply their wants. A sack of flour or meal, a ham of meat, or whatever might be the object of their need, was dropped quietly at their door, and not a word spoken. If he should be so fortu- nate as to secure some choice venison, he was ever ready to divide with his less fortunate neighbors. Such being the character of the man it certainly is no wonder his memory is held in grateful remembrance by hundreds of the old citizens of the county. Roswell Tyrrell departed this life on the thirteenth day of April, 1872, being at the time 72 years 11 months, and 20 days old. He left but one daughter (Mrs. A. G. Owen) to mourn his loss, but her grief was shared by friends and neighbors, and the citizens of the county in general, and probably no man's death was more greatly regretted than Roswell Tyrrell, the old pioneer. CAPTAIN J. B. VENARD. Josephus B. Venard may almost be said to be a native of this county, being carried here by his parents, George and Frances (Mitchell) Venard, when but six weeks old. His parents were both natives of Kentucky, and emigrated to this county in 1832, here living until called away by death, save a short time spent in "Hancock county. Mr. and Mrs. Venard were well known and highly respected by a large number of people, both in this and .HISTOUY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 501 Hancock county, and the excellent qualities shown in the life of their son is due to their good training, Josephus B. Yeuard was horn in Morgan county, Illinois, March 3, 1832, and has spent almost his entire life upon a farm, the exception being nearly live years spent in the military service of the government, and two years while serving as Sherifi' of ]\fcDonough county. He only spent a low wrecks of his life in the public schools of the county; his father, who was a good scholar for his time, imparting instructions to him at home. It was the custom of the elder Venard to gather his children around him in the evening, after the toils ot the day were over, and teach them as much as possible between the short time intervening betw^een supper and the hour for retiring. From the time Joseph w^as nine years of age he was compelled to do his share of the labors of the farm, having to follow the plow% and engage in such other exercises as his strength would permit. AVhen the war broke out and the call was issued by the Presi- dent for three hundred thousand men, he enlisted on the second day of August, 1861, as a private in Captain J. D. Walker's com- pany. Second Illinois Cavalry, and in about thirty days thereafter, the Second Lieutenant resigning, he w^as chosen by the men and commissioned to fill the vacancy. This position he retained a few months, w^hen, on the seventeenth day of January, 18G2, he was commissioned First Lieutenant. While still holding a com- mission as Lieutenant of company H he was assigned to command company A during the Red River compaign, and discharged the duties to the entire satisfaction of his superior officers. On the twentieth day of July, 1864, he was commissioned Captain of com- pany II, and served as such until it was consolidated with one or two other companies and lettered E, when he was placed in com- mand and served with it until mustered out on the third day of January, 1866. In many respects the cavalry arm of the military service is the most dangerous, being more exposed on detached service, and therefore is entitled to great credit, and the Second Illinois Cavalry deserves the thanks of the whole country, for no regiment in the entire service acquitted itself more honorably than it. It was in active duty from the day it was mustered into the service until the close ot the war. Captain Yenard served 11—32 502 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. with honor and distinction, and was in almost every engagement in which the regiment participated. Receiving a furlough, Captain Yenard came home early in 18G5, and on the fourteenth day of March, was united in the holy honds of m:.itrimony, to Miss Mary E. Curtiss, by whom he has had live children, all of whom yet live to bless the hearts of their parents. Without solicitation on his part. Captain A^enard received the nomination for the office of Sheriff in 1874, and was triumphantly elected, receiving a majority over both his political opponents, and on account of personal popularity, carrying Sciota township by thirty-live majority, being the first and only Republican that has ever done so. He also carried Bethel township, another strong Democratic precinct, being the one in which he was raised, and where he was well known by every citizen. As a civil officer he brought to bear the same unswerving zeal that characterized liim as an army officer. While of a modest and retiring disposition, he never shirks responsibility, and every duty is discharged faith- fully and conscientiously. Some time in the year 1874, he made a profession of religion, and on his removal to Macomb, in the fall of that year, he united with the Presbyterian Church, and is a faithful member thereof. We trust he may be as earnest a worker in fhe Christian cause as in any other service in which he has engaged, and so receive the reward in the end. As a citizen, he stands high in the community in which he lives or has ever resided, being a good neighbor, and a kind hearted, benevolent man, one who would be received well and trusted im- plicitly by stranger or friend. CAPTAIN D. p. WELLS. Among the. representative men of McDonough county, few stand higher in the estimation of the people, cr those who were intimately acquainted with him, than did he of whom we now write. David Perkins Wells was born in Winchester, Tennessee, on the tenth da}' of October, 1826. His parents were Ranseallar and Esther (Perkins) Wells, the former being born in Connecticut and the latter a Pennsjlvanian, who had emigrated to Tennessee' at an early day. In 1833, when David P. was about seven years of age, they again emigrated, this time to Illinois, settling in Rushville, Schuyler county. Here the subject of this sketch spent his youth in attendance on the common schools, and in HISTORY OF m'donough county. 503 clerking in one of the principal mercantile stores of the town. After spending ten years in this place, he received an invitation from an uncle, who occupied the position of sutler at Fort Moul- trie, South Carolina, to come and assist him in his work. He at once proceeded to that station, and continued there until the breaking out of the Mexican war, when he received the appoint- ment of Aid to Colonel Gates, ot the Third Artillery, with the rank of First Lieutenant, lie proceeded with the regiment to Mexico, and served with distinction during the entire cam[)aign, participating in some of the most important engagements of the war. At its close he returned to Kushville, where he remained but a short time, coming from thence to this county, taking up his residence at Macomb, at wliich place he resided until the day of his death. In ^Macomb, Lieutenant Wells engaged in various kinds of business, tirst in the general mercantile trade in the firm of Twy- man, Lawson & Wells, and then in the real estate and insurance business as a member of the firm of J. II. Baker & Co. In 1854:, in company with John D. Hail and Iverson L. Twyman, he laid out the town of Bushnell, now one of the most flourishing young cities in the military tract. On the third day of October, 1850, in Rushville, Illinois, he was united in marriage to Miss Susan Eliza Dean, by whom he had five children, tvvo only of whom are now living — Charles D., who is now one of the leading commission merchants of the city of Peoria, Illinois, and Harry, who yet remains at home in ]\Iacomb, with his widowed mother. In early lite, and during the existence of the part}^ liieut. Wells was a consistent Whig, and on its death, he first voted with the Republicans, but in the celebrated campaign of 18()0, he afiili- ated with the Douglas wing of the Democratic party, he being a great admirer of that immortal statesman Stephen A. Douglas. But with that great leader, when the dark war clouds broke over the country, when the roar of rebel cannon was heard, he believed there could be but two parties, patriots and traitors, and there not being a single drop of disloyal blood in his veins, he at once stepped forth on the call of the President and offered his services to the government. In companj- with the lamented Broaddus, he raised company B of the 16th liegiment, Illinois Volunteers, and was duly commissioned as captain. His early military training now served him in good stead, and he was at once acknowledged 504 HISTORY OF m'donough county. the best disciplinurian anil soldier in tlie entire regiment. Al- though strict in discipline, he received the good will and love of every man in his company, and the nnqnalitied respect of his brotiier officers. Xot one of his men l)ut wouhl have defended him to the end. Where he led, none would have refused to fol- low. Unfortunately Captain Wells did not see as much service in the field as he desired, and never had an opportunity to dis- tinguish himself as he doubtless would have done. The regiment being among the first to enter the service, was put upon detached duty, guarding the Hanni1)al and St. Joe Rail- road, etc. While upon this road Captain Wells received wounds that no doubt were the ultimate cause of his death. In traveling between different points on the road the train was wrecked l)y obstructions placed upon the track, and Captain Wells thrown out and some heavy article was thrown across his breast, causing bleeding at the lungs. He lay insensible for several hours, and although he recovered sufficiently to join the .regiment and start with them to the front, he was only enabled to reach Cairo. Here the surgeon of the regiment ordered him home, informing hira that he could never recover unless he had rest. In company with a private of his company the captain returned, stopping in St. Louis long enough to attend to some business and purchase for his family a few presents. He arrived at home on the third day of April, 1862, in quite feeble health, but without a thought of soon being called away, thinking that in a few days he should be sufficiently recovered to return to his regiment and take part in the active duties of the war. But it was willed otherwise by One mightier than all others. He began to sink slowly, but afcill on the third day of his return was able to walk from one room to another, but on the fourth day the dread summons came, and his soul returned to the God who gave it, and in due time his body was laid away in the cold and silent tomb. His death was en- tirely unexpected by his friends, although they were made aware he could not long survive. His funeral sermon was preached by Kev. Joseph Warren, 1). D., and his body was placed in the grave b}'^ his Masonic brethren, of which order he had for some years been an active member. Many friends followed the remains to the grave, and mingled their tears with that of the grief-stricken widow and fatherless children. From the first Captain Wells had a full conception of the ex- tent of the rebellion, and publicly expressed his views. Long HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 505 before the famous emancipation proclamation of Abraham Lin- coln was issued, and even before the celebrated order of General Fremont was promulgated, he stated his belief that the rebellion would never be put down until the slave was made free. Captain Wells was not a professed Christian, had never at- tached himself to any church, but believed in the religion of the Bible, and was a strictly moral man. His views of Christianity were more in accord&,nce with those of the Episcopalian Church than any other, and had there been an organization of that de- nomination in the vicinity of his home he would doubtless have united with it. He was a man of kind heart, and in the family circle was very indulgent, yet always lirm. His word was recog- nized as law by his children, and while he was gentleness in the extreme, they knew his word was not to be trifled with. His loss was deeply felt by the whole community in which he lived. JOHN G. AVOODSIDE. Another of the old pioneers of Blandiusville, well known dur- ing the first quarter century of our county's history, was John G. Woodside, the son of James and Mary (Gallaher) AVoodside, who was born in Washington county, Virginia, on the ninth day of November, 1798, and emigrated to this county in 1833. His par- ents at his birth were in very moderate circumstances, but ^ave their son all the advantages their means would allow. At an early age he learned the glovemaking trade, and also many years followed the trade of shoemaker, even after coming to this State. In looking over some of his old books and papers were found accounts against many of the early settlers of this county for work done ; charges were made for making children's shoes, twelve and a half cents per pair, and men's shoes thirty-seven and a half cents per pair. Think of this, you that complain of low prices of the present day. Before reaching his majority, j\[r. Woodside was married to Miss Jane Woodside, by whom he had eight children, four boys and four girls ; three of the former and two of the latter now living. Mr. Woodside had the honor of being one of the best educated men in the county when he first came to it, and for several terms taught a select school. In chapter thirty-two will be found an article of agreement between himself and patrons to teach school for the term of six months. The agreement is worth reading. 506 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. Mr. AVoodside held many of the township and county offices, among which were Justice of the Peace, County Commissioner, etc. lie was likewise Postmaster of the old Muddy Lane post- office, which has long since been forgotten except by a few of the older settlers of the county. He was a man that enjoyed the respect and confidence of his friends and associates. Mr. Wood- side died on on the eighteenth day of March, 1853, his loss being deeply felt by the citizens of the county. Of this family now living, the oldest daughter resides in Jasper county, Iowa ; the other in Henderson county, Illinois. Of the sons, Hugh G. lives in Henderson county, Illinois, James A. and William L. are farmers in Blandinsville township, the latter resid- ing on the old homestead on which his father settled on removing to this county. JOSEPH E. WYNE. Kentucky has furnished many prominent citizens of this county, and among the best we regard Joseph E. Wyne, who, in company with Joseph McCrosky, another old pioneer, who departed this life a few years since, came to this county in 1834, since which time he has been an honored citizen. He was born in Columbia, Adair county, February 12, 1820. His parents were B. F. and Mary A. (Doyle) Wyne, the former a native of 'New Jersey, and the latter of Ireland, but both having emigrated to Kentucky where they formed each other's acquaintance and were married in the town of Winchester. They were poor in this world's goods, and therefore could not give their children such advan- tages as they desired; Joseph E. being only permitted to attend the common subscription schools of his native State, which was all the means of education that lie enjoyed ; but natural good sense and a determined will have, in a measure, overcome every deficiency in this respect. When about fifteen years of age his father died with cholera in Springfield, Kentucky, and his mother d^dng shortly after, left him without natural protection. He then went to live with Joseph McCrosky, and as previously stated, came with him to thiscounty, and settled on Camp Creek, south of Macomb, where he remained for some four years, when, coming to town, he engaged as clerk for N. P. Tinsley, Esq., continuing for some five years; when, in company with C. A. Lawson, Esq., he engaged in the mercantile trade for himself. In this trade he continued until HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. 507 about the year 1861, when he received the appointment from Abraham Lincohi as postmaster of Macomb, which position he retained until, by accident, Andrew Johnson was made president, when Mr. Wyne's official head was removed — not for any wrong doing on his part or complaints made by the patrons of the office, bat in consequence of his failure to approve and cheer the policy of the head of the nation. Mr. Wyne has always been a man of public spirit, and we find him constantly filling some local office, being willing to sacri- fice time and the comforts of life for the public good. Before the organization of Macomb as a city, he was for several years a member of the town Board of Trustees, and when the change took place he was among the first aldermen elected from his ward, and has since been re-elected several times. He has also been Mayor of the city, Police Magistrate, and for years been a member of the School Board. In the latter office he has devoted much time, alwaj^s taking great interest in the educational affairs of the city, and the good reputation of our j^nblic schools are in a great measure due to him. Although the office is a thankless one, he labors in the discharge of his duties with just as much zeal as though great pecuniary benefit was derived from it. As a politician, Mr. Wyne first gave adhesion to the old Whig party, and as a follower of Henry Clay, advocated the principles enunciated by the immortal statesman. During flie last fight the Whigs ever made in this county, he was their nominee for the office of County Clerk, but was defeated by Isaac Grantham, Democrat. On the organization of the Republican party he es- poused its principles and has ever since been a faithful supporter of its men and measures. In its first campaign he received the nomination for Circuit Clerk, of the county, but, of course was defeated, the opposition to the Democracy being divided between Republicans and Americans. We believe it is due to Mr. Wyne that he shall yet be honored by his political associates. Xo man has been more faithful, none have been willing to sacrifice more than he for the good of the party. He is honest and capable and will give satisfaction in any position to which he may be called- Mr. AVyne has been twice married, first Avith Miss Mary A. Walker, daughter of Joseph M., and Maria W. Walker, in June, 1842. Mrs. W. only lived a few months after her marriage, de- parting this life in March, 1843. His next marriage was in June, 508 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 1845, with Miss Clariuda Hays, daughter of Dr. Chas. Hays, an early settler and successful physician of Macomb. Ten children have been born unto them, eight yet remaining upon this side, six sons and two daughters, two having been called to the upper and better world on high. Under the ministration of Rev. W. K. Stewart, who for sixteen years broke the bread of life to the Presbyterian congregation in Macomb, Mr. Wyne made a pro- fession of religion in 1839, and united with that body, during all the intervening time to the present he has held connection with it, for nearly thirty years serving as ruling elder and for many years as clerk of its session. lie is an earnest and devoted Christ- ian man, using the talents the Lord has given him for the pro- motion of his cause. In the Sunday School he has been likewise a faithtul laborer ever taking an active part in its work. May he continue to do his duty and receive the crown in the end. Mr. Wyne is a slimly built man about five feet nine inches in height, otgood address, pleasant manners, and one who enjoys the respects of all. JOHX WILEY. Theparentsof John Wiley — William and Betsy (Vance) Wiley — were both natives of Pennslvania, and had emigrated to Harrison county, Ohio, about the beginning ot the present century, settling upon a farm, on which they continued to reside until death called them away. The farm yet remains in the family, three of the members yet living upon it. One son who had remained there from his birth, died about the year 1875. John Wiley, the subject of this sketch, was born upon the farm spoken of on the tenth day of November, 1810, and lived thereon with his parents until he reached his majority, when he rented a piece of land and began to farm for himself, continuing in that business for three years. The two following years he en- gaged in no special culling, save for three seasons running a thresh- ing machine. He then concluded to learn a trade, and for that purpose went to Martinsville, Ohio, where he engaged with his brother Thomas in the manufacture of threshing machines, becom- ing quite proficient as a machinist. This brother was well known in McDonough county, having engaged in like business here, and also having established the first foundry here. After leaving the shop of his brother, Mr. Wiley went to Ixip- ley, in the same State, where he engaged in the manufacture of HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 509 the same machines. From Ripley he came to this county, bring- ing with him twelve of the threshing machines manufactured by his brother, of whom we have previously spoken. These were the first machines of the kind ever imported into the county, and were viewed with considerable wonder and curiosity. Mr. Wiley arrived in Macomb, in this county, the early part of the winter of 1841, remaining here until the thrilling news was sent out that gold, in large quantities, had been discovered in Cali- fornia, the great Eldorado of the West. In company with about thirty others from this county, he left Macomb on the second day of March, 1849, for the " diggings." This was the first company from the county. The train, after a long and tedious journey, arrived in the mines on the third day of August following. Mr. Wiley at once began to mine along the American and Trinity rivers, remaining there for about two years, meeting with good success. About this time he was called home on business, intend- ing, however, to return to the Pacific slope, but this he never did. Having made the journey to California overland with an ox team, he concluded he would return by water, and therefore sailed from San Francisco in the ship Louisa, in January, 1857. While on the Pacific ocean their vessel was caught in a severe storm, which lasted about thirty-six hours, and cleared the ship of all her masts, .and came near sending her, wath her human cargo, to the bottom of the great ocean. In consequence of the damage done the ship he was considerably delayed on the voyage, and compelled to take passage on another vessel. Thinking he would probably never have a better opportunity, he stopped for awhile in Mexico and Central America, viewing the sights and scenes of those tropical countries, arriving in iSTew Orleans in the following March, from which place he came up the Mississippi river, in due time arriving at his home in old McDonough. Soon after his return home from California, in company with Joseph Bailey, a son of the late Colonel W. W. Bailey, Mr. Wiley went into the grocery business, continuing in that line of trade some two years. In 1853, while still engaged in the mercantile trade, he purchased the farm upon which he now resides, for which he paid eleven hundred dollars. It contains three hundred and twenty acres, and is now considered one of the finest and best improved farms in McDonough county. When Mr. Wiley became the purchaser, it was raw, unbroken, prairie land. It lies four 510 IISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. miles east of the citj' of Macomb, in Macomb township. The well known AViley School House, district number 8, stands upon the northeast corner of his farm. In 1842, the year after his first arrival in Macomb, Mr. Wiley formed a partnership with Charles W. Dallam for the purpose of manufacturiiiij^ threshing machines, reapers, portable saw mills, etc. The tirm continued in business some years and gained a wide reputation, especially for threshing machines, a large num- ber of which were made and sold throughout the State. Mr. Wiley not only has the honor of importing the first into the countj^ but has the honor to be the first to engage in their manu- facture. Previous to this, all grain was threshed and winnowed in the primitive way. Mr. Wiley is rather above medium height, of good proportion^ and evidently in his younger days was quite robust and muscular. Ilis hair is now quite gray, and his beard, which is likewise of the same color, is worn in full. In temperament he is very quiet and unexcitable, allowing nothing to ruffle him in any way. As a man and a citizen he is highly esteemed by every one having the opportunity to know him. In public affairs, although taking no prominent part, he manages to keep posted in all that is being done in the various fields of science, politics and the general news of the day. He has never made a profession of religion, but en- deavors in all his intercourse with his fellow men to live up to the golden rule, "Do unto others as you would others should do unto you.'' ISAAC WEAVER. One of the oldest and most respected citizens of Prairie City is Isaac Weaver, who was born in Greene county, Pennsylvania, July 13, 1810. His parents, William and Polly (Cromwell) Wea- ver, were both natives of the same State. His father w^as born February, 1791, and still lives upon the farm to which he re- moved in 1835, having purchased it of the widow and heirs of Robert Peeve, one of whom afterwards became the wife of the subject of this sketch. This farm is understood to be the oldest one in the northwestern part of Fulton county, and was first im- proved by Mr. Peeve, who with his family came to this State in 1824, and built the first cabin on the land mentioned the following February. He had previously traded his farm in the State of ISTew York for this land, with the intention of coming to this new country, hoping to better the condition of his family ; but he was HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. oll only permitted to live a short time, iu consequence of" which the hardships of the family were very great. Having previously associated with and formed the habits of the more cultivated and wealthy people of the Eastern States, it was difficult for them tO' accommodate themselves to the association of pioneers, and to make their living by means known only to that class, sometimes- being compelled to grind the corn for their bread by pounding it in a wooden mortar, and tc manufacture a part of their clothing out of the bark or lint of wild nettles and buckskin purchased of the Indians ; and being driven from their home by the Indians^ and fleeing to the fort for protection. The mother of Mr. Weaver, as well as the mother of his wife, Mary Adams Keeve, together with their deceased children, all lie buried upon the old farm. During the boyhood days of Mr. Weaver the opportunities for obtaining an education were limited where his parents resided, and on removing to a new and thinly settled country, and having to improve a new farm at the time he should have been in school, it could not be expected he should obtain a very extensive knowl- edge of books ; but such was his desire to learn, that even after his marriage he attended school for a short time in Fulton count3^ The knowledge acquired iu school has served but as a basis for more extensive private research, in which he has acquired much information in the arts and sciences of the day. Mr. "Weaver for many years of his life lived upon a farm, but in 1857 he came to this county and made his home in the new and flourishing town of Prairie City. Here he engaged in the produce and grain trade, and in company with Ezra Cadwallader and Milton Foster he built the flrst grain elevator in the place. In this business he continued with varying success for some fifteen years, when, through partnership associations, he met with great losses, which caused his retirement. In 1865, he was elected to the office of Justice of the Peace which office he yet retains, being re-elected at every recurring election. This shows that the people of his town repose confi- dence in him. He has also held the office of Town Trustee, Supervisor, Assessor, Commissioner, and other town offices, fre- quently holding more than one at the same time. He also holds the office of Xotary Public. In politics he is republican, working at all times for the success of its principles. 512 HISTORY OF M'dONOUGH COUNTY. Oil the thirteenth day of November, 1838, Mr. Weaver was united in marriage to Miss Harriet C. Ileeve, daughter of Mary and l\obert Reeve. Eight chihlren have been born unto them, four of whom have finished life's journey and taken up their abode in the "Sweet bye-aud-bye." Four yet live to bless the hearts of their parents, only one of whom lives at home, three of the num- ber having married and now occupy homes of their own. Two live in Fulton county, and one in the State of Iowa. In religious views, Mr. Weaver inclines to favor those held by the Society of Friends, though never uniting formally with that body, nor has he ever heard a sermon or attended one of their ser- vices. When but a small boy, he read the life of William Penn, which made a very favorable and lasting impression upon his mind. The views therein set forth, as held by Penn, he has al- ways thought to be more in accord with the teachings of the l^ew Testament than those held or taught by other sects. Taking the Bible as his creed, he is content to abide by its teachings as a rule of life. Isaac Weaver is five feet ten inches in height and well propor- tioned. He is a kind friend and neighbor, and enjoys the respect and esteem of every one who has been so fortunate as to make his acquaintance. DR. BEVERLY R. WESTFALL. One of the most prominent physicians in McDonough county is the subject of our present sketch, Dr. Beverly R. Westfall, who emigrated to the county in 1846, and, save for one 3'ear, has since been a continual resident of it. Dr. Westfall was born in Troy, Ohio, on the eleventh day of August, 1854. His parents were Cornelius and Sarah (Davis) Westfall, the former being a native of Virginia and the latter of i^ew Jersey, both highly respected and intelligent persons, for many years citizens of the county. Cornelius Westfall, the father, died on his farm near what is known as Wolf Grove, about four miles northeast of ISIacomb. • The mother also died on the same farm, beloved by all who knew her. The first seven years of the doctor's life was spent in his native town, at the ex- piration of which time he was taken by his parents to Thorn- town, Indiana, which place remained his home until his removal to Illinois, in the year above mentioned. In Thorntown he was HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY 513 sent to the public schools, and from thence to the old Thorntown Seminary, at which institution he not only mastered the branches of a common English education, but took a regular course in Latin and Greek. In this place he also entered the office and read medicine Avith Dr. J. J. ISIesbitt, one of the best physicians in the place. In 1846, Dr. AVestfall came to Macomb, arriving here in June of that year, a stranger in a strange place, and with but a five d©l- lar gold piece as the extent of his capital, half of which he ex- pended immediately for a pair ot shoes, leaving but two dollars and tifty cents with which to begin the world. Securing a school in Macomb, he continued to teach one year, at the expiration of which time believing it "not good for man to be alone," he was united in marriage to Miss Ellen Hays, daughter of Dr. Charles Hays, one of the old pioneer citizens and a leading physician of the county. AVith this estimable lady he yet happily lives. Fif- teen children have blessed their union, nine sons and six daugh- ters, all of whom yet live, save the oldest son and youngcbt daughter, who have passed on before, and upon the other side await the re-union which will take place by-and-bye. While engaged in teaching in Macomb, the doctor still con- tinued to pursue his studies in medicine, and on his marriage re- turned to his old home in Thorntown, Indiana, where he engaged in practice for about one year, at the end of which time he returned to Macomb, and, as previously remarked, has made it his home ever since. Upon his return he at once engaged in his chosen profession, and for seven years, or until 1855, continued to practice medicine as an old school physician, in the meantime attending a course of lectures at Rush Medical College, Chicago, an institution then in its infancy, from which he received a certifi- cate of graduation, diplomas not then being given by it. In 1855, after having given the subject much thought, and a thorough investigation of the principles governing, the doctor changed his course of treatment, adopting the homeopathic meth- od, which for twenty-two years he has since successfully prac- ticed in this place, securing a practice second to but few in the State, and extending throughout this and adjoining counties. As a physician he has met with remarkably good success, especially since he has adopted the homeopathic method of treatment, and no physician in this part of the State ranks higher in the profes- sion, or among the masses of the people. Having for a number 514 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. of years practiced as an old school physician, he is rec<3gnized by that fraternity as one well posted in the science of medicine. His practice has always been that of a general one, confining him- self to no special diseases. In order to perfect himself in the sur- gery and become more thoroughly posted in the great improve- ments being made in the medical world, in 1867 he attended a course of lectures in Ilahneman Medical College, Chicago, and from that iusiitutioii received a diploma of Doctor of Medicine. Although this diploma adds nothiug to the skill of the doctor, it 3"et shows that his knowledge was such as to warrant the con- ferring of this honorary degree upon him by an institution of acknowledged standing. Dr. Westfall has always taken considerable interest in agricul- tural matters, and for the past twenty-one years has resided upon a farm, though always retaining an office in Mocomb for the prac- tice of his professson. He now resides upon a farm, two miles southeast of the city, which he keei3S under the best cultivation. The house in which he resides, together with the entire surround- ings, is in excellent taste, and is greatly admired by all. For the promotion of agricultural and mechanical arts, he has always ad- vocated and worked to sustain a high reputation for our county fairs, lielieving their success would have a tendency to secure that end. He has always been a stockholder and for some years one of the directors of the Stock Association. Realizing the necessity existing for the improvement of our stock, especially the farm horse. Dr. Westfall was the first from the county to engage in the importation of blooded horses from the Old World. In 1870, he crossed the ocean to France, and in that country, secured four as fine animals as were ever imported into the country. In securing these horses, he experienced the good fortune in having them purchased and placed upon the ves- sel just a day or two before the Emperor Napoleon issued his order forbidding an}' further exportation, and just before the war occurred which occasioned the overthrow of the empire. Again, in 1873, the doctor returned to Europe, securing three more equally as fine and perfect as those first imported. In this we have the beginning of the importation of fine stock from the old world, and an enterprise which has beeil taken up by others until McDonough county now ranks among the first in the State, with respect to its blooded stock. Not only in horses, but in fine cat- HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 515 tie, does the doctor delight, and we notice upon his farm a fine iierd of Jersey cattle, which it would take a small fortune to purchase. In school matters, J)r. Westfall has also manifested great inter- est, and no man stands ready to do more for our puhlic and private schools than he. As an illustration, we will say that by right of purchase the old McDonough College property fell into his hands, and it was earnestly desired by a certain party for res- idence purposes, but on condition that a school of high grade should be held in the building for ten years, the doctor sold it to Professor D. Branch, for five hundred dollars less than he was of- fered for it by the other party. "Would that others would thus show their faith by their works. Dr. AVestfall, as a citizen, ranks high in the community in which he has so long lived. He is kind and sympathetic, and enjoys the respect and confidence of all. Every good work he is ready to hek) on in every conceivable way. He has never held public office of any kind, nor ever desired it, and although strong in his political views, which are those held by the Republican party, he is not yet so bigoted but that he concedes the right of others to diflfer with him, while at the same time he can call them friends. Religiously, the doctor is identified with the Old School Presbyterian Church, having in his infancy received the waters of baptism. Physically, the doctor would not be regarded as robust, yet he doubtless stands as much exposure as any man in the count}'. He is above medium height, with light hair, auburn beard, Avorn full, and with light blue eyes. We trust he may yet live to accomplish much good in various ways. HON. E. K. WESTFALL. Elanthan Kemper Westfall, the second son of Cornelius and Sarah (Davis) Westfall, was born in Thorntown, Boone county, Indiana, on the eighth day of January, 1889, and, in company with his parents, came to this county in the spring of 1854, re- maining for a few months in the city of Macomb, going froni thence to a farm about five miles northeast of the city, where he remained some years, or until the breaking out of the war in 1861. On the first call of the President for troops, lie responded, enroll- ed himself as a private in company "B," Sixteenth Regiment of Illinois Volunteers, commanded by the lamented Captain D. P. Wells. He was mustered into the service as Orderly Sergeant, on 51() HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. the twenty-fourth day of May. On the first of October following, he was promoted Second Lieutenant, and again promoted First Lieutenant, commission bearing date April 7, 1862. AVliilc still an Orderly Sergeant, he received a furlough that he might come home and assist in raising a company of Cavahy for the war, but before it was fully completed, he was ordered to rejoin his regi- ment. Returning to the seat of war, he fully expected to receive the promised commission in the cavalry company, but for some cause best known to others, the commission never came. On ac- count of ill health. Lieutenant Westfall was compelled to resign on the twentieth of Januarj", 1862. While in the service he dis- charged his duty faithfully, and had it been his good fortune to continue with his regiment, he doubtless would have distinguished himself and received other meritorious promotions. Upon his return home, and as soon as his health would permit. Lieutenant AVestfall entered the office of his brother, J)r. B. R. Westfall, of Macomb, for the purpose of preparing himself for the medical profession. lie continued to pursue his studies with the doctor for some two or three years, and in the winter of 1866- 67 attended a course of lectures in the Hahneman Medical Col- lege, Chicago. In the spring of 1867 he opened an office in Bushnell, where he has since continued to reside, having built up a large and lucrative practice, his success equaling his mosc san- guine expectations. As a physician he has shown rare skill and good judgment in the discernment and treatment of diseases. Dr. Westfall is a man of considerable piblic spirit, and takes great pride in whatever tends to promote the interests of his adopted city and county. He has been honored by his townsmen and fellow citizens quite often since taking up his residence in Bushnell. lie has served as a member of the City Council of Bushnell, twice elected member of the Board of Supervisors, and twice a member of the House of Representatives of the Illinois Legislature, first in 1872, and again in 1876. In this latter body he was not what is termed a "brilliant member,'' but better still a Avorking one, and in the committee room would do service that would be farniore beneficial than that of the "windy orator'' in the public hall. As a public speaker, he makes no pretensions, but when necessary can speak his sentiments plainly and in unmistaka- ble language. In the session of 1872-3, he was on the Committees on Railroad and Insurance, Penitentiary, and Fees and Salaries, the jatter of which he was Chairman. These committees Avere all of iiisTOjn' OF m'donougii county. 517 c'onsideruble importance. During this seseion, it will be remem- bered, the entire list of statutes of the State were revised, and therefore a vast amount of extra work had to be accomplished. In the session of 1876-77, he was Chairman of the Committee on Public Charities, and member of the committees on Appropriation and Public l*rinting. The work performed by the honorable gentleman during both sessions of the Legislature arealike credit- able to himself and his constituents. On the organization of the 8th regiment, Illinois militia, in 1870, Dr. Westfall was chosen and duly commissioned its Lieu- tenant Colonel. The regiment has been uniformed, duly armed and equipped, and in drill would not sufl'er by comparison with some ot the old • regiments of the war. Colonel AVestfall has always been in command. In politics Colonel Westfall has always been a "Republican of the strictest sect of religion," its principles and its aims ever being dear to his heart, and anything that seems to be an abandonment of them meets his most unqualified condemnation. His zeal for the party that sacrified so much blood and treasure for the salva- tion of the Union is such as to cause him to fori»:et self and ffive everything for its prosperity. Honoring the party, he has in turn been honored by it in his selection to the responsible public positions which he has held. Being still in the prime of life, by a careful cultivation of the talents which he undoubtedly possesses, a bright future will yet be before him. Dr. Westfall is rather above medium height, well proportioned, having a good head, and a kind heart, and enjoys the respect and esteem of the community in which he lives. On the fourth day January, 1873, he was united in marriage with Miss Emma Curl, but was only permitted to enjoy her society a few months, she de- I)arting this life on the twenty-eighth of October following. Mrs, Westfall was a member of the Presbyterian church and died in the lull assurance of faith, CHAJILES WILSON. We acknowledge a feeling of deep reverence and gratitude to the old pioneers, those who have endured the hardships, the toils and privations incidental to frontier life, those who have made the paths straight, the rough places smooth, and made the country ji— 33 518 HISTORY OF M'dONOUGH COUNTY. to " blossom as the rose." Few men who figure in these pages have endured more and labored harder to accom])lish their ends than Charles AVilson, President of the Farmers' ISTational Bank, Bushnell, Illinois. Charles Wilson was born in Chester county, l*ennsjlvania, on the twentieth da}' of June, 1813. His parents were William S. and Hester (Ramsey) Wilson, the father being Irish by birth and the mother a Pennsylvanian, though of Scottish descent. The elder Wilson came to this country in 1801, taking up his abode in the city of Philadelphia, where he made the acquaintance ot the lady whom he afterwards wedded, and with whom he journeyed along the pathway of life for more than half a century. He was a sailor by occupation, and sailed the seas for' many years, and made many voyages to this country before he determined on a settlement. He departed this life on the fourth day of May, 1861, aged eighty-four years. His widowed companion survived him some fourteen years, and on the twenty-seventh day of Novem- ber, 1875, she too was called to her reward at the ripe old age of ninety-two. Both were devoted members of the Christian Church, and died in the blessed hope of immortality beyond the grave. Many of the strong traits of character and excellent qualities shown in the subject of this sketch were inherited from this Godly couple. As soon as endowed with sufficient strength Charles Avas bound ont to work for a neighboring farmer, and until fifteen years of age, the highest wages received by him was three dollars per month, or thirty-six dollars per year. This sum was collected by the father and went toward the maintenance of the family. When but of eight years of age, the parents of Charles re- moved from Pennsylvania to the State of Virginia, wdiere they remained four years and from whence they removed to Wayne count}^ Ohio, remaining there six years, when, believing it for the best to proceed farther west, where land was plenty and cheap, they came to Illinois and settled near the town of Lewistown, Fulton county. This was in 1830 — the family arriving in the neighborhood of the town mentioned, on the twenty-eighth day of October, as the cold days of winter was fast approaching. The elder Wilson, with his son Charles, who was now a young man in his eighteenth year, with the strength of one who had reached his majorit}', commenced to look out a location for their future home. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY, 519 Ijut little i?iformutioii could l>e obtained from settlers with respect to the titles of the laud, and it was with difficulty tliat a selection could be made. Being unable to secure a house in which to live, they built a hut of rails as a temporary abiding place, until they could cut and hew^ logs for the erection of a more suitable dwell- ing, which they proposed to have built at once. As soon as they decided upon what quarter section of land to locate, they proceeded to get out the logs and prepare for the erection of their building. They had hauled upon the ground <[uite enough lor their purpose, when snow began to fall, and con- tinuing steadily for several days, or until it laid upon the ground an average depth of between three and four feet, and occasionally in drifts as high as eighteen and twenty feet, obliterating every sign of the location of their proposed new dwelling. Not a log prepared for the purpose could be seen. The family were still in the rail pen — for it could be dignified by no other name — and there they were compelled to remain during the long winter that followed. The snow laid upon the ground for three months. AVhat their sufferings were during that time pen cannot describe, and none but the Great Father can fully know. The cracks be- tween the rails were all open, there being no way by which they could be closed, and as the snow fell, and for days after, w^hile being drifted about by the wind, it would blow into the cabin, covering everything with its icy mantle. On awakening in the morning, the family would find themselves covered with suow^ from three to six inches in depth. The family were the possessors of two good horses and several head of cattle, but had not provided food for them for the winter, although arrangements had previously been made with a party living some seven miles north, for a supply of corn for food for themselves and stock. As soon as the snow ceased falling, Mr. Wilson and Charles hitched their team to the wagon and started after corn. The snow being some ten or twelve inches above the hubs of the wagon prevented it from running, and therefore it was dragged along. They soon discovered it w'ould be impossible to get through with the wagon, or even should do so they never could return with grain, therefore, they determined to abandon it and proceed on horseback. They had only with them one sack in which to carry grain, but supposed there would be no trouble in borrowing from some one in the settlement where they were going. One of the two taking the lead, the other followed, and 520 HISTORY OK m'dONOUOH COUNTY. after several liours effort, arrived at their destination, but were disappointed in not being able to obtain another saek, and were compelled to return with but their own full of grain. On return- ing, they found their tracks almost obliterated, but arrived at home in due time. The corn secured had to be divided between their stock, and on the next day the father and son were again compelled to return. These journeys were continued in this way during the entire winter, their wagou remaining imbedded in the snow until the following spring. In order to obtain other food for the family, Charles, Avho was quite handy at all kinds of work, proposed to a neighbor, who was a great hunter, to repair some bottomless chairs for him if he would furnish them with fresh meat. The proposition was gladly accepted on the part of the neighbor, and the Wilson family were fully provided with veni- son, turkeys and other wild game at all times. For bread they made meal from their corn, wdiich they pounded in a mortar. Flour they had none. Notwithstanding the hardships of their first winter, the family were not discouraged; and when the spring came they built and moved into their new house, and began to lay the foundation for a competency secured in after years. But it must not be ex- pected that prosperity dawned upon them at once. Far from it. Other toils, other privations, and other hardships had to be en- dured. Some two or three years after their settlement here, the elder Wilson was pressed somewhat on account of debt, and that it might be paid, Charles started on foot for the lead mines of Galena, wdiere he toiled some months for the accomplishment of that end. It must be borne in mind that at that date money was a scarce article, there being no market for anything raised. Galena was then considered the Eldorado of the land. In 1832 Mr. Wilson enlisted in the Black Hawk war, as a pri- vate in Captain Ball's company, from Fulton county, and in the campaign following he bore an honorable part. The battalion of which his company formed a part was attached to the command ot General Stillman. On the twentieth of March, 1834, Mr. Wilson w^as united in mar- riage with Miss Su-san Harris, daughter of John Harris, one of the pioneers of Fulton county. *Mr. Harris is yet living at the ripe old age of one hundred, though now a helpless invalid, patiently ■While this History was in press, Mr. Harris passed peacefully away to iiis rest. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 521 awaiting the summons to join those who have piissed on before. The result of the wedded life of Mr. and Mrs. Wilson lias been thirteen children, eleven of whom yet live, and all of whom are married and gone from the parental roof, but all residing near their place of birth, save one who resides in Iowa, Of the thir- teen children, five were sons and eight daughters, two of the latter dying when quite young. A short time after their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Wilson moved into Harris township, Fulton county, some six miles from the present flourishing young city of Bushnell, and settled upon section 5, 6 north, 1 east, which place they made their home until the spring of 1868, when they moved into Bush- nell where they now reside. Charles Wilson is a self made man in every respect. AVith a very limited education obtained from the common schools, but with a determined will and strong heart and hands, he has pressed forward, overcoming every obstacle that arose in his way. How- ever great the difficulties with which he might be surrounded, he knows no such word as fail, and his example is worthy of emula- tion by the young men of to-day. Without a cent of capital, but through his own individual exertions, he has amassed a sufficient amount of this world's goods to enable him to live at ease until called away to join the loved ones that have gone before. He has alwa^^s been a hard working, industrious man, having excellent physical powers and being capable of great endurance. Until the last two or three years, or until his retirement from the more ac- tive duties of life, there seemed to be no limit to his powers of en- durance. The first mill stones used in Fulton county were ob- tained by him from the quarries of Cass township in that county. Farming has ever been the occupation of Mr. Wilson, and in this work he has been eminently successful. Through hard work and careful management, he has from time to time added to his possessions, until he now owns in the neighborhood of fifteen hundred acres of as fine land as can be found in Fulton and Mc- Donough counties. For many years he has devoted considera- ble attention to raising stock for the markets, and in this has met with the same good success as in other operations of the farm. But not only in farm labor has success crowned his efforts, but in the mercantile trade as well. In company with S. A. Hendee, now of Bushnell, he was for several years engaged in business in Marietta, Fulton county. 522 HISTOHY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. As previously remarked, in 1868 Mr. Wilson removed to the city of Bushnell, in this county, where he lias since continued to reside. Some two 3'ears alter, he was quite active in the organi- zation of what is now known as the Farmers' National Bank, of which institution he was by its stockholders unanimously elected i*resident, continuing as such to the present time. In the dis- charge ot his duties as President of the concern, he has shown good executive abilities and admirable business management. Herein lies his chief success, the executive abilities displayed and a keen discernment of human nature. Although making no pre- tensions to relinement, lie makes himselt })leasant and agreeable with every one. Mr. Wilson is six teet three inches in lieight ; his hair, Avhicli was once dark, is now quite gray ; blue eyes, which are yet full of the lire of youth ; a good liead, showing strong will and determination, veneration and benevolence prominent. For more than thirty years he has been a consistent member of the M. E. Church, holding the offices of Steward and Trustee a great part of the time. In the work of the church he manifests consider- able interest, giving of his time and means to advance the Lord's cause. From boyhood he has been an earnest advocate of tem- perance ; the few months' experience in the lead mines having much to do in lirmly implanting former convictions upon his mind. As a citizen, friend and neighbor, no man stands higher in the communit}^ in which he lives. HON. C. F. AVHEAT. Crosby F. Wheat was born in Cayuga county, Kew York, April 11, 1835. Ilis parents are Luther Wheat and Elmira (Marion) Wheat. His earlier education was acquired in the common schools and academies of his native county. He removed to Quincy, Illinois, in 1858, where he read law with Messrs. AVarren & Wheat. In 1860 he was admitted to tlie bar, and moved to Macomb, McDonough county, Illinois, in 1861, where, in 1862, he opened a law office, and has since resided. In 1865 he married Mary A. Chandler, daughter of Thompson Chandler, ol Macoml). He was attorney for the city of Macomb for several years, was elected State's Attorney in 1872, and re-elected in 1876. As an attorney he stands at the head of the bar in the county, and was the choice of a large number of his associates in the district for the position of Circuit Judge, on the reorganization of districts during the past year. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. /)2;^> MAJOR STEPHKN YOCUM. Many of the noble pioneers of McDonough county liave quit the scenes of their labor and gone to their rest. Among the num- ber none were more highly esteemed or beloved than Major Ste- phen Yocum, who was born in Montgomery county, Kentucky, on the seventeenth da}^ of February, 1800. His parents were George and Kebecca (Powell) Yocum, natives of A'irginia, who emigrated to Kentucky before the beginning of the present cen- tury, where they engaged in farming, and also, for a number of vears, in the iiiillin«: business. Their family consisted of eleven children, four boys and seven girls. As might be inferred, Mr. Yocum was raised on a farm, and in the occupation of tilling the soil he labored until called to his rest. When but a mere boy he was put to work in his father's mill and in that business and assisting upon the farm, varied by a few month's attendance in the common school, his early life was passed. Xo other educational advantages did he ever enjoy than in those of the select schools of his native state in which only the com- mon branches of an English education were taught. But these, together w^itli rare common sense and good judgment with which lie was endowed, enabled him to live an active and successful life. Mr. Yocum remained with his parents until after he reached his majority, when he went forth into the wide world, with noth- ing but a brave heart and willing hands, to labor for himself. For two 3'^ears he remained in Kentucky, making his home with a married sister, when, thinking to better liis condition in life, he turned his steps toward the newly-opened Prairie State, and set- tled in Marion county; where, on the twenty-ninth of September, 1829, he was married to Miss Mary Dorris, daughter of John Dor- ris, w'ho emigrated from Smith county, Tennessee, to Marion county, Illinois, in 1827. Al)out four years after their marriage, the worthy couple came to make their home in McDonough county, arriving here in the spring of 1833, and settling in Xew Salem township, on the north side of Camp creek; where, in the edge of the timber, he erected his cabin and commenced to im- prove the land he had entered. They were the first couple to settle upon the north side of the creek and to encroach upon the broad, fertile prairie which is now dotted over with fine farm- houses and barns, being, without doubt, the wealthiest portion of the county. Mr. Yocum settled u[)on section nineteen, and there 524 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY'. lived and labored the rest of his life, rearing a large and respected family, and improving one of the best farms in the county. As a farmer he was eminently successful, for, besides accumulating considerable wealth, he gave much to various enterprises, be- nevolent and otherwise. It was well known by all acquainted with the man that Major Yocum never turned away a person in need. lie gave liberally to build churches of all denominations. He had a heart easily touched and hands that gave liberally. He gave to them whom he had never seen, requiring only to know that they were in need and worthy. Sev- eral years before his death, he received a letter from an aged couple, distant relatives, who he had never seen, and who lived nearly a thousand miles away, asking assistance. The letter told of their poverty and suffering, and as he read, the tears flowed, free- ly, and, handing it to his wife, lie said: "How much shall we send?" During the remainder of his life he continued to provide for them, and now that he is gone, they are not forgotten by his loved companion. While living in the southern part of the State, Mr. Yocum was elected Lieutenant of the State Militia, and afterwards promoted to the Captaincy. When the war against the celebrated Indian chief. Black Hawk, broke out, he was bj^ the Governor, commis- sioned as Major, and as such served faithfully during the war. By the title bestowed upon him he was ever afterward known. Mr. YoQum was always kind to his cliildren and liberally pro- vided for each. There were in all, eleven children, nine girls and two boys, one of the latter dying in infancy, the other reaching hig majority, and enlistingin the service of his country as a mem- ber of Company C, 84th regiment Illinois volunteers. He was made regimental color bearer, and at the battle of Stone River, December 81, 1862, he laid down his life in defense of his country. Unfortunately that part of the field was taken by the enem}^ soon after he fell, and whether they buried him or his body was interred by others, was never known, as his body was never recovered. This was a sad loss to his loving parents who doted on him as an only son and would have sacrificed anything to give him Chris- tian burial. A beautiful monument has been erected to his mem- ory in the cemetery at Pennington's Point. Of the girls, seven are now living, all occupying the position of wives of loving husbands. Major Yocum was very jovial in nature, and loved his joke and delighted in playing them upon both his friends and unsuspect- HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 525 ing strangers. To illustrate : — One evening, a little before dark, two men rode up to his cabin and asked the privilege of remain- ing over night. The Major told them he could accommodate them, provided they could live on the same article of diet that his family did — slippery elm bark, at the same time showing them a number of large trees that had lately been stripped of the bark. The strangers hardly knew what to do, as they disliked to impose upon a family reduced to such a stress, but after consult- ing together, and learning the distance was great to another place where they likely would be received, they concluded to remain during the night, even if compelled to eat slippery elm bark. Judge of their surprise when called to supper. They sat dow^n to as good a meal as they ever enjoyed in their lives. Another time, the Major drove over to the town of Vermont, arriving there about time for supper. Driving in front of the hotel he called out to the landlord, who at once responded to the call. •' Land- lord," said he, " can you accommodate a man with a night's lodgings who is without money, and who is compelled to leave home to obtain something for wife and children, who for weeks have had nothing to eat but slippery elm bark ? " " Yes," replied the landlord, " drive around to the barn, teed your horses, and then come to the house." After a good night's rest and a warm breakfast, the Major went out to the barn, and getting his team, again drove around to the front of the hotel and called out the landlord. " Landlord," said he, "I am ever so much obliged to you for the tavor you have shown me, and it only w^ife and child- ren could have enjoyed your hospitality, I should be happy. To think of them being compelled to eat slippery elm bark while I was here living on the fat of the land is terrible to think of. But, landlord, I will always remember you, and now I want to know what you will charge me for what I have had. I may have money some day, and would like to pay." The landlord assured him he would take nothing; he was welcome to what he had ; thathe would gladly do something for his wife and children. "But, landlord, I want to know, because I may be able to pay you sometime." The landlord then named a small sum. Pulling a large wallet from an inside pocket, and exhibiting a roll of bills, the Major said : "Well, landlord, I guess I might as w^ell pay now, and then I will have it oft my mind." The landlord was afterwards heard enquiring of Joab Mershon, who that crazy man was that talked of living on slippery elm bark and had a pocket full of money. 526 HSTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. Major Yocum wus a man of medium hoiglit, well built, in his \oungcr (lays boiug rather thin, but bceomiug ])ortly with age ; possessed a quick and active mind, strong will, and tender heart. lie never made a profession of religion, but always lived a good moral life, complying with the golden rule in doing unto others as he would others should do unto him. As a husband and father he was kind and affectionate; as a neighbor, obliging; as a cit- izen, enterprising and liberal. He departed this life on the twenty-second day of October, 1874. His funeral was preached by the Rev. W. S. Campbell, a Cumber- land Presbyterian minister, and his remains were consigned to the tomb at Pennington's Point, this county. His loss was deeply felt by a large circle of friends all over the county, as w^ell as elsewhere. His good wife still survives him. Xone can tell how much he is missed by her who for nearly fifty years traveled with him the journey of life. Mrs. Yocum is now in her seventieth year, and enjoys moderately good health. She has been a faith- ful wife and a loving mother, and enjoys the love of all who are so fortunate as to know her. For fifty-five years she has been a consistent member of the Cumberland Presbyterian church, unit- ing at the age of fourteen with the Dry Fork church, in Sumner county, Tennessee. For a number of years her membership, in this county, was wnth the Walnut Grove C. P. church, but at present she is connected wMth the church at Bardolph. Mrs. Yocum makes her home with her daughter, Mrs. William Harlan, who resides upon the old homestead, and is gently passing down life's river, fearing naught, but ready when the summons come to join the loved ones on the other side of the River of Death. HISTORY OF M DONOUGH COUNTY. CHAPTER XXXV RELIGIOUS. In seeking a new home at the present day, the question is al- most invariably asked as to what are the religious influences in the community to which it is desired to emigrate. A communit}' in which the school-house and the church find a special recogni- tion will always be selected in preference to the one in which these are not found. Men of the world recognize the fact that education and Christian institutions are the handmaids of gen- eral thrift and prosperity. Improvements in the manners, tastes, and moral status of the people, follow closely the preaching of the gospel. Says Ford, in his History of Illinois : "As to the practice of attending church on Sunday, I am confi- dent that it produced these efiects [the improvement in dress, manners, etc.]. I have observed very carefully in the course of tbirty-five years spent npon the frontiers, that in those neighbor- hoods where the people habitually neglect to attend public wor- ship on Sundays, such improvements rarely, if ever, take place. In such places, the young people feel no pride, and do not desire improvement. They scarcely ever throw aside their every-day, rough apparel to dress up neat and clean on Sunday. On that day the young men are seen Avith uncombed heads, unshorn beards, and unwashed linen, strolling in the woods hunting, or on the race course, or at a grocery contracting habits of intoxication, or lounging sullenly and lazily at home. The young women, in ap- pearance, dress, manners and intelligence, are the fit companions for their brothers. Sunday, to them, brings no bright skies, no gladness, no lively or cheerful thoughts, no spirits renovated by mixing in the sober, decent, quiet, but gay assemblage of youth and beauty. Their week of labor is not cheered by anticipations 528 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. of the gay and bright fete with which it is to close. Labor through the week is to them a drudgery ; and is performed with surliness and grudging; and their Sabbaths are spent in heedless, sleepy stupidity. The young people of both, sexes are without self-respect, and are conscious of not deserving the respect of others. They feel a crushing and withering sense of meanness and inferiority, mingled with an envious malignity towards all excellence in others who exhibit an ambition for improvement. Such neighborhoods arc pretty certain to breed up a rough, vi- cious, ill-mannered and ill-natured race of men and women." The early settlers of this county were especially blessed with respect to religious influences. The sound of the hammer, used in the erection of the first cabin, had hardly died away before the minister of the gospel made his appearance. As recorded else- where, a few families settled in the neighborhood of the present town of Industry in 1827, forming what was long known as "Car- ter's Settlement." In May, 1828, Elder John Logan, then in con- nection with w^hat is now known as the Regular Baptists, settled in this place, living for the first six or eight months in the old block house, situated on the farm of William ('arter. In this house he preached the first sermon ever preached in the county, some time in June of the same year ; about the same time he there organized the first Sunday School in the county. Elder Logan was a hard-working, zealous, Christian man, and spent much time in laboring for his master. For many years he travelled from settlement to settlement, in what is known as the Military Tract, as well as in regions beyond, preaching the gospel of Jesus Christ. He was the first missionary appointed by the Baptist Home Missionary Society, of Boston, Massachusetts, re- ceiving as salary the munificent sum of one hundred dollars per year. For accepting this appointment he was excluded from the fellowship of the church in which he held membership, and from the association, but, in connection with others, he organized another congregation, continuing his labors as a minister of the gospel to the salvation of many souls. He was instrumental in organizing many of the Missionary Baptist Churches in this sec- tion, ai d his name is held in grateful remembrance by all who had the pleasure of forming his acquaintance. For the following highly interesting and graphic sketch of the Regular Baptist denomination, we arc indebted to Elder I. N. Van Meter : HISTORY OF M'dONOU<;H COUNTY 529 R E (i U L A R BAPTIST S — L I) S C il L . Wliile the Old School, or Regular J5aptists, are strong in num- bers, inHuence and respectability in some other parts of this State, and more particularly in some of" the other States, and have some very ably edited papers, yet, in all McDonough county they make but a poor show as to numbers, and as to their standing and influence in civil society they claim only their proportionate part with the rest of the community. Elder John Logan, a Baptist minister, preached the first gospel sermon ever heard in McDonough county, at what date I am not able to learn, but in the month of November, 1831, Elder Logan and Elder Stephen Strickland constituted a Baptist Church in J>ethel township, named Union, composed of teu members — four males and six females. At that time the Baptists of the western country generally went by the name of United Baptists. The cir- cumstances leading to the adoption of the name United, I shall not attempt to rehearse, as I consider it unnecessary in this brief article. I will simpl}^ state this much about the appellation United Baptist : That in some of the western States about the beginning of the present century, the "regular" and "separate"' branches of the Baptist denomination united together under the name of the United Baptists, and the early Settlers of this county who maintained Baptist sentiments, w^ere organized under this name. The reasons which led this little Church the next year to change her name from United to that of Regutar Baptist, as well as many other Churches in the south and west, I shall briefly state presently. Tlie names of the constituents of Union Church are as follows: .lohn Gibson, Xancy Gibson, AVilliam Stephens, Sarah Stephens, James Edmondston, Polly Edmondston, Richard Morris, Abigal Ferguson, Cassanda Morris and Sarah C. Palmer. Elders Logan and Strickland do not appear to have met with this little church often after they organized her, but in July, 1832, Thomas IL Owen, a licentiate, visited and preached to them. Owen located in Hancock county, and was afterward ordained a minister, and be- came a man of ability. He represented his county in the (general Assembly of Illinois one or more terms, then emigrated to Zene Zene, Cal., where he still lives, and is able to preach and write 8ome to the ediflcation of the saints. John Gibson, one of the constituents of this churcli, was one of the early settlers in the .530 HISTORY OK m'doNOUGH COUNTY. edford Murphy, Lieurance, Coffee, Hallam, Trickett, Leek, Goodnight. The memhership is now about 200. Their church property is vahied at $1,500. Amount raised per year for all church purposes, $750, of which $600 is paid the pastor. Their Sunday School numbers 100, with aver- age attendance of 65, and annual contributions of $30. Macomb Christian Church. — The first discourse ever delivered by a Disciple in Macomb, was by Elder Livy Ilatchitt, at the house of David Clarke, in the year 1835. Elder H. came to Ma- comb and endeavored to get the use of some public building, but was refused on account of his supposed heterodoxy. Mr. Clarke, who had read much of the writings of Alexander Campbell, and who subscribed generally to his views, offered his house, which was accepted. No special results followed the preaching, but it was supposed the "good seed" was sown, which brought forth fruit in after years. By 1845 quite a number of disciples had gathered in the neigh- borhood of Macomb, and they resolved to organize, if possible. They sent for Elder Davenport, of Walnut Grove, now Eureka, 111., who, not being able to come, sent A. J. Kane, then a young Evangelist. Elder Kane came, and, securing the old courthouse, preached with such force and power as to turn twenty-nine souls to the Lord. Dr. Young organized the congregation September 16th, 1845, with seventeen members, which, adding the twenty-nine obtained under Elder Kane's preaching, made a band of forty-six earnest disciples. The following are the names of the original seventeen mem- bers : Benjamin F. Martin, AVilliam H. Franklin, James S. Palmer, James Clarke, William B. Pile, ILannah B. Pile, William Maxwell, Lucy Maxwell, Elizabeth G. Palmer, George Booth, Isabella Booth, Lucy Beard, Margaret Broaddus, Emily J. Sweeney, Sarah Bacon, Rachel Hampton, Maria J. Franklin. The following officers were chosen: B. F. Martin and W. 11. Franklin, Elders — both of whom are Elders of the Church at the present time; James S. Palmer and James Clarke, Deacons. Ko regular preaching was had for some months, but the congre- gation niet regularly upon the Lord's day to break bread. 536 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. The following named have served as pastors of the congrega- tion : Elders Livj Ilatchett, ^V. W. Hopkins, W. P. Shockey, W. O. Miller, 8amuel Lowe, J. C. Eeynolds (about eleven years), J. 11. Garrison, P. K. Dibble, J. H. Smart, and G. W. Mapes. Several successful revivals have been enjoyed by the church under the preaching of such men as A. J. Kane, William Brown, Ziba Brown, William J. Houston, Dr. Ilopkinson, John S. Sweeney, Samuel Lowe, J. C. Peynolds, Dr. Dunkeson, D. R. Lucas, P. K. Dibble and J. 11. Smart. Since the organization eight hundred and seventy persons have united with this congre- gation, making an average of twenty-nine per year. The church building is on Carroll street, east of Lafayette. It was erected in 1845, and has been in constant use ever since. It is the oldest church structure now standing in Macomb. The value of church property is $3,500. W. 11. Franklin, B. F. Martin, J. C. Reynolds and J. T. Webb, elders ; J. L. Russell, S. P. Danley, C. S. Churchill, W. S. Mc- Clelland and Joseph Stover, deacons. The average annual contri- bution, $1,500. J. S. Gash, superintendent of the Sunday school, which has an average attendance of one hundred and twenty-five scholars. Bedford Christian Church. — This congregation was organized April 7, 1850, by Elder Milton Dodge, with the following mem- bers : liichard Brightwell, Eliza Brightwell, Elizabeth Bright- well, Charles Bradshaw, John Gibson, Elizabeth Johnson, Benja- min Moore, Margaret Moore, Robert McCaully, Margaret McCaully, Noble Ousley, Naoma Ousley, William and Grace Pennington, McKamey Ruddle, Rachel Spikers, Peter Shelly, William and Silva Arnold, James and Margaret Cyrus, Elizabeth Duncan, Margaret Emerson, Walter Huston, Sen., Walter Huston, Jr., James and Harriet Hamilton, Joel B. and Catharine Huston, Waney Huston, Sen., Waney Huston, Jr., Zelpha Huston, David Shelley, Elizabeth Shelley, Eliza Si)iker, Horatus and Eliza AVeston. The following persons have served as pastors: Elders Dodge, Patrick Murphy, Bedford Murphy, Reynolds, Kern, Ades, Ross, Lieurance, Coflee, Lucy, Fisher, Wallace, Huston, Goodnight and the present pastor, James McGuire. The Church building is located upon the northeast quarter of i^ection five, Blandinsville township, and is valnedat one thousand HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 537 five hundred dollars. Parsonage valued at twelve hundred dol- lars. Salary of pastor, eight hundred dollars. Trcsent member- ship, two hundred and thirty-four. Annual contribution, twelve hundred dollars. Average attendance in Sunday School, one hun- dred and twenty. Annual collection, ninety dollars. Mound Christian Church. — This church was organized in 1857, by Elder J. 13. Royal; there were then sixteen members. Meet- ings were held regularly in school houses until 18(54, when the present church structure was completed. It is located on section fourteen, of Mound township, and was built at a cost of $2,000. It is a good frame building 30 feet by 45 in size. The present men - bership is forty-five. At one time it numbered one hundred, but many have since moved away. The Elders are : Henry S. Gustine, and J. II. Langsford. The deacons are: Samson Ilyett, II. Liud- sey, and F. Weston, and the trustees are . J. II. Langsford, P. H. Wilson, and H. Lindsey. Since the organization the following ministers have served as pastors: D. Dunkeson, Thomas Thompson, A. K. Brown, II. C. Littleton, and J. B. Royal, the present pastor. The member- ship of the Sunday school is fifty; II. S. Gustine is the Super- intendent. New Salem Christian Church. — The following is taken from the first page of the church record : "We the undersigned disciples of Ghrist, in obedience to the Great Head of the church, do now sol- emnly and joyfully agree with each other to walk together in the Lord with brotherly love, as a Church of Christ, and do also take the Bible as our rule of faith and practice. Done in Wetsel school house, in New Salem township, April 8, 1859. William A. Griffin, James D. Swartz, Daniel Wilson, Hugh Chapman, William Kelley, Jane Kerr, Julia Ann Chapman, Sarah Swearingen, Al- raira Hays, Josiah Herlocker, Margaret Herlocker, Mary J. Grifiin, George Kerr, Caleb Ilipsley, America McVey and Jane Chapman." The church edifice is situated on the northwest corner of section thirty-four of New Salem township, and was erected in 1867 at a cost of $2,400. It is a good, substantial frame building', thirty- two by forty-five feet, and well finished. The congregation was organized April 8, 1859, by Elder J. B. Royal, of Vermont, Illinois. The number of original members was sixteen. The present membership is sixty-six. Previous to 538 HISTORY OF m'doNOUGH COUNTY. the organization the Disciples held regular meetings in the school house near by, as also for several years after. The present elders of the congregation are Richard Pennington and Eli Miller, and the deacons are David Miner and James M. Swearingen. The trustees are George Seaburn, W. A. Griffin and Jacob Grimm. Henry Smithers is the present pastor. J. B. ]loyal, J. C. Reynolds, William Griffin, A. P. Aten, A. Brown and A. Johnson have served respectively as pastors. JohnA. Wetsel is the Superintendent of the Sunday school. The average attendance of the school is about sixty. Colchester Christian Church. — The Cliristian Church at Col- chester was organized April 1, 1867, by Elders J. C. Reynolds and C. Ades, with 116 members. In the following year a good frame church building was erected at a cost of $3,000; its size is o6 by 56 feet. The various pastors employed by this congregation from time to time have been Elders J. C. Reynolds, C. Ades, J. 11. Garrison, A. P. Aten, J. C. Winter, and H. P. Tandy. The present mem- bership is about ninety. The following are the church officers: Elders, S. T. Moore and Wm. Tandy; deacons, William Morrison and Adam Taylor; clerk, S. D. Mills. The average attendance in Sunday School is 122; the annual contribution $75. S. T. Moore superintendent. Sciota Christian Church. — The church structure of this congre- gation was erected in 1869, before the organization of the church. It is a good frame building, 32x46 feet and cost $2,250. William II. Franklin was the prime mover in this work. The building committee consisted of W. II. Franklin, John Dew, and J. M. Russell. Before the building of the church, meetings were held in a shed, built for the purpose, on ground near the church. Here Elders J. C. Reynolds and Coffee held a meeting, the first of this denomination in the town. Elder J.B. Royal preached the tirstser- mon in the church, while Elder J. II. Garrison delivered the dedi- catory sermon. Elder S. K. Ilallam was the first pastor, J. II. Seaton the second. Elder Thomas Goodnight preaches once each month. Elders, Samuel Dey and E. S. Agncvv. The first elders were Larkin Osborn and William Smith. Deacon, Silas Wood- eide. The congregation, which had run down considerably, was HISTORY OF m'donough county. 539 reorganized January 27, 1&7G, with seven members. The present membership is thirty. New Bedford Christian Church. — The church edihce stands on the northwest corner of section seven of Walnut Grove town- ship, and was erected in 1876, at a cost of $2,500. The size is thirty-two feet by fifty-six. It is one of the neatest country churches in the county, and an honor to any community. The society was organized by Elder J. H. Breeden, with four- teen members, in Xovember, 1871. The present membership is eighty-six. Elder George Brokaw is the present pastor. The elders are J. H. Painter, A. J. Clayton, II. II. Brady and W. Beckelhymer. The Deacons, J. S. Brooks, Alexander Beckelhymer and E. Dice. William Beckelhymer, clerk. The pastors, since the organization, have been J. II. Breeden, John Huston and J. II. Painter. William Beckelhymer is Superintendent of the Sunday School, of which there is an average attendance of thirty-five. Bushnell Christian Church. — We have been unable to obtain a sketch of this congregation, and cannot say when or by whom it w^as organized. A large brick church was erected in 1867, and dedicated in the early part of 1868, by Elder J. C. Reynolds, of Macomb. This building is now valued at |2,500. It is plain, but comfortable and substantial. The membership of the congrega- tion is 120; annual contributions, $1,000 ; Sunday School — aver- age attendance, 65 ; annual contributions, $50. METHODIST EPISCOPAL. The Methodist Episcopal Church numbers more than any other body of christians in the county, having a membership of 1,374, in addition to a large number of probationers. Their system of itinerant work has much to do with their success. While others lagged in the work they have pushed boldly on, holding their meetings in public halls, school houses, private dwellings, barns, or any place where the people could be brought together to hear the proclamation of the gospel. Whatever may be said of the religious views of this denomination, its zeal is to be com- mended ; and to the fact that its membership is zealous, in a great measure, is due its numbers and influence in this county. In the beginning of their work |here, they had the services of some of the best workers in their ranks, unioiio: whom was the 540 HISTORY OF m'donou(;h county. old and eccentric pioneer preacher, Peter Cartwright, who labored in all parts of the county, and who was instrumental in the salva- tion of many souls. Following will be found sketches of the various congregations in the county, in order of their organiza- tion, together with a summary of their work : Methodist Episcopal Church, Macomb. — The first regular preach- ing in Macomb, of this denomination, was in 1832, and by the Rev, Peter Cartwright, the celebrated pioneer Methodist preacher, who organized the M. E. congregation of Macomb the same year. Meetings were held in the old court-house until 1835, when a very respectable brick building was erected on ground given by Hon. James M, Campbell, on the site of the present Church edi- fice, on Lafayette street, north of Carroll street. In 1847 the Church building blew down, when services were held conjointly with the Presbyterians, in their Church building. A very earnest union revival was held by the two congregations, in this Church, which resulted in bringing many into it. The Church building was rebuilt in 1848, In 1854, the circuit heretofore rattier large, was divided, leaving Macomb only two appointments, viz. : Wolf Grove and Spring Creek, During thia year the Church building again blew down, but the faithful members were not discouraged, only the more determined, and soon set about to erect another and larger build- ing. One 40x70 teet was built this time and dedicated in 1857, T, M. Eddy, editor of the Xorthwestern Christian Advocate, deliv- ering the dedicatory sermon, Puring the interval spent in re- building, services were held in the Christian Church and in the court-house, P>y 1858 the congregation had become so large as to require the undivided time of the pastor, and consequently Macomb was set off as a separate station. The church building in 1875 was rebuilt and refitted at a cost of $4,076. A very tall and beautifully proportioned steeple towered far above the building, but not long after the new edifice had been dedicated — Bishop Simpson preaching the dedicatory sermon — and during a most violent storm the spire was blown down, caus- ing some damage to the front walls. Immediately the debris was cleared away, and a cupola of less pretensions was erected. The value of the church building, which is a neat and commodious brick structure, is |>10,000. A large bell is swung in the cupola. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 541 On the corner ot Lafayette and Calhoun streets, and just to the north of the Church, is the parsonage, a good frame residence worth ^1,200. The following is a report for the year ending July 23d, 1876, prepared by the pastor, Hev. M. A. Head, and submit- ted to the quarterly conference : Tn the beginning of the year there were two hundred and forty - four members and fifteen probationers. During the year we have received by letter sixteen, and from probation two. Organized a class at McNair's school house of fifteen, making a total of thirty- three. We have dismissed by letter ten. Died during the year, four, making a total of fourteen. Leaving a membership in full connection, two hundred and sixty-three. We have received on probation, thirty-five; dismissed from probation by letter, three; leaving forty-five probationers — in all, two hnndred and sixty- three members and forty-five probationers. Our congregations have been good, and our prayer meetings well attended, averaging sixty. The benevolence of onr church will cover the assessment, and we hope they will rise above them. The spiritual condition of the church is healthy. The following is the number of periodicals taken within the bounds of this charge: New York Advocate, three ; Western Christian Advo- cate, two; Northwestern Christian Advocate, fifteen ; Ladies' Re- pository, one; Golden Hour, one. Our Sunday school is in a flourishing condition. We have a good attendance and good interest. We have made some valuable additions to our library. Our school will contribute about sixty dollars this year to the cause of missions. The average attendance is one hundred and sixty-one. The followins: is a list of those servincj as Presiding Elders in this circuit since 1832 : Peter Cartwright, Michael Taylor, Peter Atkins, N. G. Berryman, John S. Barger, R. Ilaney, John Morey, Milton Bourne, II. Summers, A. Magee, W. II. Hunter, W. D. Underwood, Henderson Ritchie, G. M. Irwin, and B. E. Kauf- man. The following is the correct list of all the various pastors in charge of this church : H. Summers, T. N. Ralston, P. R. Boring, William Window, D. B. Carter, Enos Thompson, John R. Richmond, Chauncy Ilobart, E. Tracj", John storey, R. W. Clark, William Hindall, Freeborn Ilaney, Samuel Pillsbury, H. Iladley, Geo. Whitcmore, Seth Ford, B. Courtwright, B. C. Swartz. B. II. Courtwright, J. B. Quinly, William M. Clark, S. S. Robin- 542 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. son, W. II. Jackson, James Taylor, P. C. Brooks, Allen Head, W. S. Smith, W. J. Beck, Milton Bourne, Benjamin Applebee, Andrew Miller, i'. T. Rhodes, William AViUon, G. K. Palmer, A. 1). McCool, William Watson, J. II. Rhea, J. C. Rybolt, Henderson Ritchie, Peter Warner, Mr. Zimmerman, B. 1). Dennis, L. B. Kent, and the present pastor, M. A, Head. The present stewards are : R. PI. Broaddus, J. T. Adcock, Levi Argenbright, B. P). In- gram, C. W. Slade, A. L. Sparks, G. W. P^yre, Samuel Knight, and David Knapp, recording steward. Composing the board of trustees are: J. Ilillyer, A. K. Lodge, J. Scott, R. II. Broaddus, B. D. Ingram, G. W. Eyre, and J. T. Adcock. The class leaders are: C. Case, W. Wilson, and W. Creel. Te?mcssee M. E, Church. — The tirst meetings of this denomina- tion held in the neighborhood of Tennessee were at the residence of James P'nlkerson, near Ilillsgrove, in 1832. This locality is known as " Old Methodist Stamping Grounds." These meetings were held by missionaries Rev. Carter, Levi Springer and Henry Summers. In 1851 a society was organized south of Tennessee, at what was called the brick school house. Rev. James Taylor, J. P. Brooks, William Smith and J. B. Quinby served as preachers. After this the Society, which had heretofore been a part of the Macomb work, was transferred to the Blandinsville work:, and the following ministers labored there : Rev. Joseph Gumming, G. M. Irwin, James Cowden, Rev. Beard, B. E. Kauf- man and II. Presson. In 1857 the class at the school house was moved to Tennessee, and about the same time the class at Hills- grove, also, moved to the same place, both uniting. Rev. B. E. Kaufman preaching the first sermon there in school house. From this time until the present, Tennessee and Colchester have been in the same circuit with the same minister, pastor of both churches, of whom are the following : B. B. Kennedy, Rev. McKee, J, Fate, John Cavet, Stephen Brink, W. B. Carithers, W. B. Frazell, D. S. Main, G. J. Luckey, William Ilaney, J. S. Kirk- patrick, B. F. Tallman, T. Pool, A. S. Atherton and T. P. Henry. The following are the names of the original members : John Jarvis, Mrs.^Jarvis, Garrett Jarvis, William Delay, Absolom Parker, Mary Parker, C. L. Davis, Maria Davis, William Clayton, Louisa Clayton, L. C. Bacon, Plonor Bacon, Lewis Mourning, Ann Mourning and Sarah Lawyer. HISTORY OF M'DONOnCH COl'NTV. 545 The I'linrcb structure Avas erected in 1864, under the supervi- sion of John iMcElroj, AVilliam Chiyton and AVilliam Latimer, building committee. It is a good frame building, twenty-eight feet wide by forty long, and cost !$2,000. Present Class Leader, L. F. Carson; the first was Samuel Knott; first Stewards were James Jarvis and Thomas Fulkerson ; the present ones are J, Bradford, A. K. Owen and Thomas f'ulkerson. The Trustees are B. F. Thompson, A. K. Owen, J. Eaton, J. Jarvis and J. Jenkins. The first Trustees were John McElroy, William Clayton. J. Jarvis, William Lattiraer and Thomas Ful- kerson. Present membership, 100; average attendance, 150; contribu- tion, $175; average attendance in the Sunday School, 55; contri- bution, per year, $25. Friendship 31. E. Church. — This is one of the oldest religious organizations in the county, the society having been organized in 1833, by Rev. Cord, a missionary. The original members were Robert and ^ancy Cook, Mrs. Penny and daughter, Esther Hunt, Malinda Hunt, Mr. Justice and wife, John and James Hammer, John and Nancy Kirk, John and Margaret Lyon. The following are among those serving as pastors : Revs. Cord, Carter, Levi Springer, Oliver Hindell, Freeborn Haynie, J. P. Brooks, Chauncy Hobart. Of late years this appointment has been connected with the Blandinsville work, but is at present with the Colchester work. Meetings were held first, at the residence of John Hunt, now known as the Kirk place, and for many years at the school house, which stood near the present site of the church The first camp- meeting held in the Military Tract was at Friendship, in 1833. People came from Qaincy, Jacksonville, Beardstown, Burlington and other points equally distant. The church building is located on section 5, Tennessee township. It is a good frame structure, thirty feet by forty, and was erected in 1851. The value of church property is $1,500. The present membership is thirty-four. The present ofiicers are : Trustees, A. Roberts, George Mourning, Robert Lyon, John Kirk, Jr., and S. M. Chipman; Steward, A. Roberts; Class Leader, S. M. Chipman. Contribution, §130 per year ; average attendance of the Sunday School, 35 ; contribu- tion $6; Superintendent, William Anderson. 544 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. Pennington Point 31. E. Church. — One of the oldest Methodist organizations in the county is the one at Pennington's Point; this church being organized in 1835 or 183(5. A few years ago a good and commodious church structure was erected upon section 30, JSTew Salem township. Its size is 32x56, and it stands upon a two- acre lot, the property of the church, and on which is also a good frame parsonage. The total value of church property is $3,000. The congregation, which is at present in a very prosperous con- dition, numbers sixty. The attendance at Sunday-school is seven- ty-live. Bardolj)h 31. E. Church. — The Pardolph society was organ- ized in 1836 at the residence of Joseph Kepple, about a mile south of Bardolph, and probably by William H. Jackson, as he was a local preacher of the M. E. Church, and one of those sturdy pioneers who not only desired to open up the beautiful country for settlement, that men might prepare comfortable homes for their families and their children's families, but to sow the good seed of the Gospel of Christ in the hearts of those who should be neighbors ; to make this people a religious and God fearing peo- ple, that the rising generations may be reared in the midst of the highly elevating influence of the religion he through life held so dear. The original members were William 11. Jackson, Ann Jackson, Mrs. Jacob Kepple and Mrs. Culp. Meetings were held at Mr. Kepple's house for about two years, when they were moved to Mr. Jackson's residence, where they were held for sev- eral years. This society has been in existence since the early settlement of the county, as before mentioned, part of the time in connection with the Macomb circuit, and a part with the Marietta circuit. It struggled for existence and success from the time of its organiza- tion until June, 1867, without any house of its own in which to worship, being dependent, after leaving Mr. Jackson's residence, on the Presbyterians for their church, and upon the school district for the school house, as places of worship. At that date the Methodist Episcopal and Cumberland Presbyterian congregations jointly had completed and dedicated a very neat and commodious house of worship. This arrangement aftbrds the society a house of their own one-half of the time only, leaving them to work at a great disadvantage. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 545 The pastors since 1867 have been Revs. B. E. Kaufman, D. S. Main, A. P. Hull, J. Ferguson, Jacob Mathews and the present pastor, Kev. J. E. Taylor, who is now serving his third year here. J. E. Ilendrickson and William Bailey class leaders; John Booth, Thomas A. Jackson, and J. E. Ilendrickson stewards; John Booth, John W. Jackson, and J. E. Ilendrickson trustees. The present membership is ninety-eight; the average annual contribu- tion is $500. The average attendance of the Sunday-school is sixty; the annual contribution $35; J. E. Ilendrickson superin- tendent. Sticklers M. E. Church — This congregation was organized in 1845 with twelve members and met in school house near the pres- ent church until a church was built. The present edifice was erected in 1854 at a cost of $1,700; its size is 30x45 feet; it is lo- cated in section 11 Emmet township. It was named in honor of Abraham Stickle, deceased, the prime mover in organizing the society. The membership is forty-five; the attendance at Sun- day-school is about fifty. George Stickle and Abraham B. Stickle are the trustees. BiandinsvUle M.E. Church. — This church was organized by Rev. Barton Cartwright, then in charge of the Macomb circuit, about the year 1848. Previous to this time the few Methodists living in the town worshipped at the church in Hays' settlement, but therfe being enough to form an organization, it was thought advisa- ble to do so. E. R. Jones was the first class leader. The following were in the original organization : E. R. Jones and wife, A. P. Hopper and wife, and Freeland. The} have a good house of worship, valued at $3,000, and a parsonage worth $1,000. Mock Creek M. E. Church. — In 1850, this congregation was or- ganized, with twenty-two members who met in school houses until 1875, when the present well finished church house was erected. It stands on the southwest quarter of section sevetiteen. Hire township and cost $2,000. It is thirty by forty-six feet. The mem- bership is fifty-three. The trustees are : Isaac Oakman, S. K. Patrick, Mrs. Harriett Pedrick, Mrs. Katherine Ilainline, Solo- mon Ilainline, Mrs. Susan Hainline, and Mrs. Margaret Ilainline. Isaac Oakman, class leader; William Anderson, Steward ; S. K. Pedrick, superintendent of Sunday school. Average attend- ance twentv. 546 HLSTORV OK M'ooNOLKiH COUNTY. Maple Groi'c M. E. Churdi. — The building is located on section nineteen of Emmet township, and was erected in 1865, at a cost of ^2,500, Size twenty-six by fifty. The society was organized and held regular meetings in groves, and in school houses fifteen years previous. The present membership is forty-five. James Griffith, G. G. Guy, B. F. Guy, and Eli Murray, are the trustees; J. C. Guy, class leader; 1). T. Guy, Steward. The membership of the Sunday school is forty. Eli Murray, superintendent. Mound Chapel M. E. Church. — This church was organized at the residence of E. Dyer in 1854, with eight or ten members. The church building is located on section 22 of Mound town- ship; it was erected in 1868 at a cost of $3,200; is a good frame building, 35x55 in size; the location and grounds are beautiful. The present membership is sixty. John Ilalmes, class-leader; Joseph Melvin, steward. The trustees are J. Holmes, J. Gardner, Edward Mitchell, J, Melvin, Amos Ilippskey, Ross Manl}'-, J. Manly, Cyrus Head, A, Fleming, John Sheely, and William An. /. — This church was organized September 19, 1841, with the following twelve members : George Kreider, B-arbara Kreider, Celinda Woods, James Jackson, Phebe Woods, James Reed, Samuel Mourning, Katharine Mourning, Thomas Boyd, Eleanor Boyd, Mary Moore and Sophronia Schofield. George Kreider was chosen Elder, and Samuel Mourning Deacon. The_ congregation met for several years at the residence of George Kreider, five miles northeast of Prairie City, and was known as the Pleasant Prairie Church. Rev. William Frazer and Robert Dobbins preached occasionally for ten years. The church was reorganized October 25, 1851, when Peter Bennett and J. D, Bel- ville were chosen Elders. In 1854, P. W. Thompson was chosen the first stated supply. The following year subscription to the amount of $1,115, was raised toward building a church at Yirgil, to where the church was moved this year, holding meetings in a school house about three and a half miles east of Prairie Cit3^ In 1856, Rev. P. W. Thompson was installed as pastor, he being the first regular pastor the congregation ever employed. At this time the new town of Prairie City was attracting great attention, and it was thought best to move the church there, which w^as accord- ingly done, and a good frame church building erected and dedi- cated November 13, 1856. The cost of this building was about $2,800, and its size about forty feet square. In 1868 it was repaired HISTORY OK M DONOUGII COUNTY. OO/ and enlarged at a cost of $1,500, and now the congregation have a neat church edifice, forty feet wide by sixty long, with a seating capacity of two hundred and fifty. A finely proportioned spire rises from the center of the front, and contains a four hun- dred and forty-three pound bell. Its present value is $3,000. It stands on the corner of Clay and Columbia streets. The present membership is one hundred and seventeen. The average annual contribution, $900. The following have served as pastors: Revs. P. W. Thompson, John S. Robertson and John D.Iiowey. The present officers are: Elders, M. Lichtenthaler, M. K. Sweeney and J. II. Wilson. Deacons, Thomas Campbell and John E. Dunham. Trustees, Thomas Wilson, Thomas Leard and II. W. Ivreider. Doddsville. — We are indebted to Henry Black, Esq., for the following interesting sketch of the church at Doddsville : By request, Schuyler Presbytery appointed Rev. William Iv. Stewart, James M. Chase and Elder Briscoe, a committee to visit Doddsville^ and if the way was clear, to organize a church. Ac- cordingly, these brethren visited Doddsville, held services in the house of Andrew Walker, in said village, on the twenty-ninth day of July, 1843, and proceeded to organize a church ot seven- teen members. The names of the original members are as fol- lows : Andrew Walker, Ann Walker, his wife, Charles W. Walker, Rachel Walker, John M. Clark and Mirah Clark, his wife, Margaret Ilodge, Rebecca Clugston, Isabella Clugston, Jane Clugston, Ilettie McCoy, John Scott and Rachel Scott, his wife, Sarah Black, Maria Black, Thomas Shannon and Elizabeth Shan- non, his wife. Andrew Walker was elected Ruling Elder. The next day, Sabbath, the sacrament of the Lord's Supper was ad- ministered, and the church established. Of the original members, eleven were from near Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, four from near Urbana, Ohio, and two from Virginia. Five are still living, viz.: Charles W. Walker, Margaret Iloge, Jane Clugston and Maria Beaver, formally Black. The first four still belong to the church at Doddsville, having been members a period of over thirty-three years. The last named is a member of the Presbyterian Church at Plymouth, Illinois. On the seventeenth of September, about seven weeks after the organization, Andrew Walker, elder, was called to his long rest. The following named ministers have served as supplies to the church : Revs. John Hoge, James M. Chase, John Marshall, Cyrus B. Bristow, Joseph li. Marshall, 558 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. James T. Bliss, Geo. A. Hutchison, Henry C. Mullen, I'reston W. Thompson, and now, the Rev. 11. C. Mullens. The Rev. Mr. Davis, a missionary of the ^e\v School hranch of the church, also preached a short time. These were all stated supplies ex- cept Rev. Joseph H. Marshall, who was a regularly installed pas- tor. Of these ministers all are now living, as far as w^e know, ex- cept the Rev. James M. Chase, and John Marshall. The following persons were elected and served in the eldership : Andrew Walker, John M. Clark, John G. McGoughy, David R. Ilindman, James McDavett, Elijah Ilindman, John McMillan, IlughL. McGoughy, Thomas Conner, Thomas McCoy, Henry Black, William Pol- lock and John Colleasure. Five of those serving have departed this life, namely : Andrew Walker, John M. Clark, Hugh ¥. McGoughy, Elijah Ilindman and John Colleasure. James Col- leasure was elected, and would have accepted, but died before or- dination. The following named persons were elected and served as Deacons of the Church : George Bair, William II. Black, Samuel C. Iloge, John H. McGrath and James Colleasure, all living except John Colleasure. George Bair, Samuel C. Iloge, John H. McGrath and William S. McLain, constitute the present Board of Trustees. The old church just vacated was built in 1851, as far as inclosing was concerned, when it was taken poses- sion of, but was not completed until the summer of 1855, four years after, consequently it was never dedicated a house of worship. It cost about 1900. The first revival was in February and March of 1858, under the ministry of Rev. John Marshall, when twenty- eight members were received — twenty-two on profession and six on certificate. The second was under the ministry of the Rev. James T. Bliss in January, 1867, when eleven members were re- ceived — nine on profession and two on certificates. The third was under the ministry of Rev. George A. Hutchinson, Decem- ber, 1887, when eleven members were received on examination. The fourth was under the ministry of the Rev. II. C. Mullens, in union with the Rev. Mr. Garner, of the Methodist Episcopal Church, when six members were received on profession of their faith. This was in March, 1873. The fifth was in October, 1874. The meeting; was under the direction of the Rev. Keil Johnston, an Evangelist, when God was pleased to pour out his spirit most copiously, thirty-five being received to membership on the profes- sion of their faith in Christ. The church was organized with eevcnteen orio-inal members. At the close of the Rev. John HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 559 Marshall's ministry, the number was seventy ; run down again by deaths and removals until only forty-six actual members remained. After the revival of 1874 there were reported eighty members to the Presbytery, which was the highest number the Church ever attained — seventy being the present miembership. As near as can be ascertained, about two hundred is the full number of memberships ever be- longing to the Church since the organization. Thirty-three years have come and gone since the organization of the Church, and one quarter of a century has passed since worship was lirst held in the old church building. Many who were then with us have passed away, and, we trust, have entered into their rest. Within its sacred walls songs of praise were heard, earnest prayer and supplication was offered, the gospel most faithfully preached by many of God's ministering servants, the Sabbath School teacher sowing the good seed of the word, and sinners inquiring "What must we do to be saved?" and as God said that he would not let bis mercy depart from Solomon, neither did he let it de- part from us. For all of which we would give thanks to the great head of the Church ; and, as we enter and take possession of our new and better edifice, yet, in looking back, our memories would still linger with affection around the old Church building as we say farewell. Bushneli. — At an early date (probably 1856) a Presbyterian Church was organized in Bushneli, in connection with the Presby- tery of Schuyler, but in two or three .years was dissolved, the members generally uniting with the Reformed Church. At the spring meeting of the Presbytery of Warren, held at Monmouth, 111., in 1868, a petition was presented asking for the organization of a Presbyterian Church in Bushneli. This petition was signed by about thirty persons, the greater number of whom were mem- bers of the Keformed Church. The committee appointed by this Presbytery, after visiting the field, decided to organize a church, which was done April 25, 1868. Twenty-one persons presented a certificate, in a body, from the Eeformed Church of Bushneli, and seven from other Presbyterian churches, or a total of twenty-fivo members, which were the following: John W. Adams, Mrs. Min- erva F.Adams, Robert A. Adams, Mrs. Caroline Adams, Mrs. Car- rie Anderson, Daniel II. Bodine, Mrs. Harriet S. Bodiue, Mrs. Maria C. Hessler, A. H. McGahan, Mrs. Alice W. McGahan, Mrs. Eliza A. McGahan, Mrs. Lydia Moore, Joseph Neff, Mrs. Mary ISTeff, 560 HisTORV OF m'donouoh county. Mrs. Jeimie Odell, Robert Ilea, Mrs. Hannah Rea, Frank Sample, R. M. Scott, Mrs. A. K. 8cott, Mrs. E. A. Seiber, Mrs. Elizabeth J. Sperry, William Tiedrick, Mrs. Caroline Tiedriek, Henry S. Wells and Mrs. Francis Wells. The total membership April 1, 1876, was 110. In eight years sixty-seven members were received "on profession" of faith, sixty-eight "by letter" from other churches, forty were dismissed to other <;hurches, and twelve died. The pulpit was occasionally supplied with preachers the first year until August, when Rev. R. T. McMahan became stated supply, re- maining with the congregation two years. April 1, 1871, Rev. M. Bigger, of Hamilton, 111., took charge of the church as stated supply. In May, 1872, he was installed as pastor, in which rela- tion he continued until hie sudden death, by heart disease, Decem- ber 21, 1872. The present pastor, Rev. T. Stephenson, commenced his labors for this church, April, 1873. During the first eight years the church had contributed for congregational purposes between ^15,000 and $16,000. The church property cost in the neighbor- hood of $7,000, and is generally regarded as the neatest church in Bushnell; it was erected under the superinteudency of F. A. Cooley- The plastering was done by Shafer & Kuhn ; the painting by Adams, Barrett & Travis; the frescoing by Jevin & Almini, of Chicago, and the stained glass windows by Geo. A. Misch & Bro. of the same city. The Board of Ruling Elders, usually denomi- nated the "Session," elected at the organization of the church was composed of the following persons ; Robert A. Adams, Rob- ert Rea, Robert M. Scott and A. II. McGahan ; the latter was chosen clerk. The present session is composed of R. A. Adams, Wm. A. Pasey, J. C. Cadwalader, R. W. Wheeler and A. H. Mc- Gahan. The church retains the lite service plan of the eldership adding to the session from time to time, as deemed necessary. On the eighteenth of May, 1873, the following persons were elected Deacons : R. W. Wheeler, D. A. McDonald, William Tiedrick and F. M. Duel. Mr. Wheeler was afterwards released from serv- ing as deacon, on his election to the eldership, andR. W. Fowler was added. The first Board of Trustees consisted of R. M. Scott, Joseph Xefi' and A. II. Mc(Jahan. This board was re-elected in 1871, and in 187G the following Trustees were elected: John C. Cadwalader, D. A. McDonald and A. II. McGahan. The Sabbath school was organized soon after the dedication of the church building, which was in 1869. A. II. McGahan was chosen super- intendent, and has been re-elected each year since. The school HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. 561 lias a library of over three hundred volumes; Harvey J. Wells, Librarian. The actual expense for conducting the school has varied from fifty to one hundred dollars per year. Good Hope. — At the fall meeting, in 18G8, of the Presbytery of AVarren, a committee was appointed, consisting of Rev. R. C. Mathews, D. ]>., Rev. R.T. McMahan, and Ruling Elder, M. Lich- enthale, to visit Good Hope and organize a church, if the way be clear. Accordingl}', said committee, except the elder, met at (Jood Hope, January 30th, 1809, and after a sermon by Rev. McMahan, the chairman stated the object of the meeting. After consultation the committee proceeded to organize the church. There were received as follows, from the Shiloh Presbyterian Church : James A. McClelland, Mary C. McClelland, Warren S. Bruce, James M. Hummer, Helen Ann Hummer, David Campbell, Mrs. Winniford Campbell, Ebenezer Campbell and Mrs. E. Duel. From the church at Macomb were the following : Joseph Rollins, Mrs. Harriet Rollins, Mrs. Jane M. I'ainter, Miss I. Ella Rollins, Aaron Bennett and Mrs. Rosella Bennett. From the ('umberland Presbyterian Church at Walnut Grove : Mrs. Rebecca Brawdy, Miss Catherine Brawdy and Mrs. Matilda Morris. J. A. McClel- land and Aaron Bennett were elected Ruling Elders, Joseph Rol- lins and J. M. Hummer, Deacons ;F. Cruzer, Clerk and Treasurer, in the fall of 1869 he was elected Ruling Elder, but was not in- stalled. Rev. Thomas M. Hench was the first stated supply, and was subsequently chosen pastor, but was not installed. He was succeeded b}'^ Rev. A. F. Ashley, who supplied the Church about two years, commencing in 1870. In December, 1873, Rev. I. T. Whittemore, the present pastor, took charge of the Church, and in October, 1874, was installed pastor. The membership at the organization consisted of nineteen members — twelve males and seven females. There were received from the time of organiza- tion to January, 1874, twenty-seven — making a total of forty-six. There had been dismissed, seven ; removed by death, one. There had been added since (nearly all upon profession of faith) eighty- one, and lost by dismission, six; and by death, five, leaving the present membership one hundred and eight. The following are the present officers ruling: Elders, David Campbell, John Coch- rane and Aaron Bennett. Deacons, J. A. Brown, Cyrus Elliott and Jolin Morninger. The system of i Rotary Eldership was adopted in December, 1875. The Church edifice was erected in 1869. It is located on block one, lot six. It is a good frame 562 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. structure, forty feet by sixty, and costing about $4,000. It has a seating capacity of three hunded. The average attendance of the Sunday School is seventy; Cyrus Elliott, Superintendent j Charles Bruce, Secretary. Ebenezer. — This society was formed by a portion of Camp Creek Church, in 1861, and the same year a good frame church edifice was erected at a cost of $2,000. Its size is thirty-six feet by tifty-six. In 186G a parsonage was built which cost $1,500. Both €hureh and parsonage are located on the northwest corner of sec- tion thirty-two, Scotland township. There were fortj^-four mem- bers present at the organization. Now the membership is about one hundred. George W. Provine, John Clark, J, Sullivan and Robert McISTair were chosen elders. The deacons elected were James Walker, James Clark and J. A. Provine, and Rev. J. M. Chase was chosen pastor. In 1865 J. T. Bliss was called to the pastorate, and in 1868 Rev. II. C. Mullens, the present pastor, was called. Simon Smith and James Clark were elected elders in 1869. CUMBERLAND PRESBYTERIAN. Notwithstanding it was among the first to organize in this county, this denomination has never made any material progress here in building up their cause, even in one instance failing to sustain what they had already gained. At Macomb a very flour- ishing congregation once existed, having a neat and commodious house of worship. The building has been sold and the congrega- tion disbanded. Revs. Cyrus Haines, T. R. Roach and Wm. C. McKamy were among the most noted ministers of the denomina- tion who have labored here. The number of communicants in the county are now about three hundred and thirty-two. The first church organized was the Bershcba, or Argyle. — The Bersheba congregation of the Cum- berland Presbyterian Church, was organized January 19th, 1834, by Rev. P. C. Jewel. The organization took place at the resi- dence of John McCord, in the southwestern part of Emmet township. The original membership was nine. John McCord and E. Durant were the first Ruling Elders. William McCord was appointed Clerk of the Session. This church held its first meet_ ing near the residence of John McCord, in 1838, and was con- ducted by Rev. Peter Downey, Cyrus Ilaynes, John Crawford and William McKamy. The church remained at the place of organ- ization until 1854, when it moved to Argyle Church, in the south- HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 563 eastern part of Hire township. For a while, this church house was held jointly by the Baptists and Cumberland Presbyterians. In the spring of 1855 the first Sabbath School was organized, and superintended by G. W. Welch. For twenty years after the house was erected, Rev. J. W. Stapp had charge of the church the greater portion of time. The present membership is sixty. llev. David llogan took charge of the congregation April Ist, 1875. In the spring of 1876 a parsonage was built near the church house, and is held as the property of the C. P. Church at this place. It cost $600. The cost of the church is $1,500. The Elders of the church at present are : T. J. Caldwell, Allen Mur- ray, A, G. McCord and G. W. Stapp. The Deacons are E. A. "Welch and J. T. Murray. The average attendance at the Sab- bath School is sixty; F. F. Myer, Superintendent. Sugar Creek. — Meetings of this congregation were held in the Foster neighborhood as early as 1836. In that year, at the resi- dence of A. J. Foster, the Rev. William C. McKamy was or- dained a minister of the gospel, being the first minister ordained in the county. Meetings were held off" and on in groves, dwell- ings and school houses until 1865 or '66, when the present church structure was erected. It is a good frame, about thirty-six by forty-eight feet, and cost $3,000. It stands on section two of ]^>ldorado township. The present membership is about seventy- five. Contributions per year, $450. The Elders are William D. Foster and Samuel J. Foster. Rev. William S. Campbell, pastor. John T. Foster, Superintendent of Sunday school. Attendance, fifty. Contributions, fifty cents per Sunday. Good Hope. — This was formerly known as Walnut Grove Church and was organized April 28, 1838, by Rev. Peter Downey, Cyrus Haynes, and Elder John McCord, who constituted the committee of Rushville Presbytery appointed for that purpose. The original members were Cyrus Haynes, Mahala Haynes, A. H. Berry, M. M. Berry, Michael Vincent, Levi Hamilton, Malinda Hamilton, Mary Stapp, J. B. Stapp, Mary Creel, Charles Creel and Parthena Creel. For about twenty years its ministers served as stated sup- plies. Prominent among these were Rev. Cyrus Haynes, Peter Downey, Rev. Weir, William S. Campbell, E. Knowles, T. K. Roach and J. W. Stapp. In 1859, Rev. J. W, Carter was installed pastor, and served for nine years. Following him were T. S. Mc- Clure, Rev. Richardson, J. H. Morgan, and the present pastor, J. 564 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. D. -b'oster. There has been two churcli buildings erected. The first was destroyed by lire, and supposed to be the work of an incendiary. Another structure Avas erected on the same site, at Wahiut Grove, two miles and a halt' southeast of Good Hope. This building was removed to Good Hope and re- modeled. The present membership is 100. The value of church property is $3,500. The first Elders were Michael Yin- cent, Levi Hamilton and J. S. Campbell. Present officers are L. Hamilton, J. S. Campbell, Silas Creel, Henry Baker, A. Allison, JT. A. Allison, ^Y. T. Brooking, Mr. Hamilton, C. H. Creel and John Edmonston. H. A. Allison yuperintendent of Sunday School. Average attendance is eighty. Indasiry. — This congregation was organized at the house of Thomas Adkisson, November 3, 1843, with the follow^ing mem- bers : Nathan Compton, Sarah Compton, John (^ompton, Sarah Adkisson, William C. McKamy, Mrs. O. H. McKamy, Jane P. McKamy, Elizabeth McKamy, John McKamy, Margaret Camp- bell, Tom. Pollock, Elizabeth Osborn, A. J. Osborn, Stephen Cockerham, Kachel Cockerham, Martha Bridges, Walter Mean, Joseph Peck, Martha M. Berry and A. H. Berry. Nathan Campbell was elected Elder. The congregation was first named Grindstone. Shortly after the organization, meetings were held in S. Cockerham's house. After this the camp grounds were used, which were on the farm now owned by Washington Vail. In 1845 a Union Church house was erected, which, at present, stands unoccupied one mile and a half east of Industry. This building was used until the one occupied at present was erected. The congregation is not now in a very prosperous condition. The membership is forty-two; value of church, $2,500. They have no Sunday School. Rev. Wm. C. McKany preaches occasionally. J. H. Berry was the first supply. Several very successful meetings were held in the early existence of this church. One shortly after its organization, when seventeen professed religion. An- other commencing August 18, 1844, when twenty-six united with them. West Prairie. — This congregation was originally organized at "Sixteen" school house, where meetings were held until the erec- tion of the church. Meetings were also held in the school house of district number three, Eldorado township, by another little band. At the close of the rebelion, Rev. Jcmes Russell, who had served as a chaplain in the army, was employed by these and HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 565 other cougregations, and by his earnest labor he united the two, and urged the buiUling of a church editico, which was done in 1867, at a cost of $3,300. The buihling is a neat frame about thirty-three feet by lifty. It is located upon the southwest cor- ner ot section nine, Eldorado township. Rev. Janies Russell was the iirst pastor, Rev. McClellan followed, and at present. Rev. James Morgan has pastoral charge. Pastor's salary for one-half of his time, $400. The church has been rather prosperous, and now has a membership of fifty-five. The elders are, Samuel Wil- coxeu, Thomas Moore, AYilliam McFadden and William M. Hammock. Deacons : Henry Ilushaw and John Burson. Trus- tees : Samuel Wilcoxen, Isaac Chandler and Thomas Moore. The Sunday school, under the superintefldeucy of Maxwell Kennedy, is one of the best in the county. The average attendance is sixty. COXGREGATIONALISTS. This branch of the Church of Christ has never succeeded in any special degree in this county, there being two congregations organized, one at Prairie City and the other at Macomb. In both places neat and commodious houses of w^orship have been erected, and every advantage would seem to be enjoyed by them, but pros- perity does not seem to attend them in the way of membership, the entire number in the two churches being only one hundred and fifteen. The first congregation organized was that of Prairie City — The First Congregational Church of Prairie City was organized at Yirgil, Fulton county, October 1, 1842. The Rev, Levi Spencer, who was laboring at Canton, had held a series of meetings at this place, and his conversions formed a nucleus out of which this congregation was organized, and consisted of the following eleven members: Ezra D. Smith, Cyntha Smith, A. G. AndreW'S, Frederick R. Andrews, George S. Smith, Almon Tainter, Levi Curtis, Nancy Smith, Sarah Schotield, Laura Gor- ham and Chloc Andrews. This church was dependant on the Home Missionary Society until November 15, 1845 ; then for ten years it received aid from the Knox Presbytery. After that, and until 1868, aid came from the Home Missionary Society. The church was removed to Prairie City, October 9, 1858, and those called to labor with the church since, as pastor, were Revs. Samuel Dilley, B. F. Worrell, A. Y. Drake, L. Jones and II. B. Swift. Initiatory steps were taken October 6, 1860, toward erecting a H— 36 566 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. house of worship. The building was completed and dedicated September 27, 1865. It is a good, substantial frame building, costing S3, 000. The present membership is thirty-five. Xo pastor employed since December, 1876. Trustees, B. F. Iloyt, Francis T. Emery, E. D. Smith and E. S. Bates. Deacons, B. F. Iloyt and E. S. Bates. Clerk, E. A. Boynton. Annual contributions, $800. B. F. Iloyt, Superintendent of the Sunday school. At- tendance, thirty-five. Contributions, twenty-five cents. 3Iacomb. — The first Congregationalist Church of Macomb was organized in 1858, the following being the original members : L. Clisby and family, J. Trull and family, J. P. McCandless and family, James Anderson and family. Dr. Chase, Thomas Gilraore and wife, Hector McLean and family, Reid and family, and Mrs. S. Beardsley. From 1863 to 1867 no regular pastor was em- ployed, and no religious advancement was made. In 1867 the E,ev. Gr. L. Granger was called as pastor, and spent two years, when the Rev. Lemuel Jones was called to the pastorate. Rev. Z. K. Hawley was the first pastor. In 1872 and 1873, the congrega- tion erected a neat church edifice on Carroll street, east of Ran- dolph street, at a cost of $6,500. The present member- ship is eighty. The average annual contribution is about $1,000. The salary of the pastor, $900. There are seventy-five scholars enrolled in the Sunday School, with an average attendance of fifty-five scholars, and a contribution of fifty-five cents per Sun- day. BAPTISTS. Although this denomination was the first to hold service in this county, and occupied the field alone for some time, its congrega- tions are none of them very old. Whether the first organizations ceased to exist, or were merged in others, we are unable to deter- mine. As a denomination they have been growing rapidly in numbers during the past ten or fifteen years. They now number ten congregations and seven hundred and forty-six members in the county. Following will be found short sketches of each con- gregation : Ilitlsborough. — This congregation was organized in 1849, and in the year following a good frame house of worship was erected, at a cost of $2,000. It is located on the southeast quarter of sec- tion 18, Blandinsville township. The house at present is in good repair. The membership is one hundred and thirteen. The fol- HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 507 lowing persons have served us pastors: Elder J, CJ, Ward, Wil- liam Forrest, John Kay and the present pastor. Elder AVilliani Ilobbs, who came among this people in 18G8. Macomb. — The First Baptist Church of Macomb was organized in 1827, by Rev. D. D. Gregory. The congregation purchased the Macomb Female Seminary building on north Lafayette street, now occupied by the Second Baptist Church, and continued to worship there until their new church edifice was erected, which was in 1869. It is on Carroll street west of Lafayette street, and is the largest and most expensive churcli structure in tbe county. The architectural design of the building is rather imposing, of good pro- portion and pleasing to the eye; a very tall steeple, one hundred and thirty-two feet high, rises from the center of the building, over the front and main entrance, it is beautifully designed and pro- portioned. The present value of the structure is $11,000, al- though it cost the congregation several thousand dollars more to erect it ; real estate, material and labor were much higher then than at present. The following are the names of the original members: D. I). Gregory, J. Pennington, T. Axford, J. W. Blount, M. T. Winslow, Mrs. Rice, Mrs. McCabe and Mrs. Sum- mers. The congregation has grown gradually until the member- ship at present numbers one hundred and seventy-two, with an average contribution of $2,000 per year. The following are the names of the various pastors since the organization : Rev. L. M. Whitman, J. O. Metcalf, C. W. Palmer, J. L. Benedict, 0. B. Roberts, and the present pastor, Rev. J. L. M. Young. The salary of the pastor is $1,000 per annum. There are enrolled in the Sunday school about one hundred and twenty-live, with an average contribution of from seventy-five to ninety cents per Sun- day. Prairie City. — The Baptist church of Prairie City was organized November 9, 1856, by Elder E. J. Lockwood, with the following fourteen members : Alonzo Barnes, Martha L. Barnes, Wm. Davis, Susan Davis, Kate Smith, J. B. Robinson and wife: Ann Legg, M. Ileminover, Martha Macomb, T. C. Luther, Porter J. Jack, Ruth II. Bell and Rebecca Barnes. Meetings were held in the school house until 1850, when a good frame church edifice was erected, at a cost of $2,000 ; it is 32x48 feet, with a spire con- taining a fair-sized bell; it is situated on Smith street near Main. The first Deacons chosen were : M. Ileminover and Alonzo Barnes. Mr. Barnes was also chosen clerk. The following have served this 568 HISTORY OF w'dONOUGH COUNTY. church as pastors : S. A, Kingshury, H. S. P. Warren, C. Hutchins, E. J. Lockwood, Danforth C. A. Ilewett, A. S. Colville, and S. H. D. Vaughn, the present pastor. The present officers are : Deacons, Alonzo Barnes and J. 11. Taylor ; Clerk, J. S. Barnes. The present membership is about iifty, and the annual contribution $800. A good Sunday School with an average attendance of seventy-iive, is presided over by Alonzo Barnes. The contribution ot the school is about $1.00 per Sunday. Independent. — The church building ot this congregation is located upon section ten of Emmet township, and was erected in 1858 or '50. The organization was originally perfected July 4, 1817, with a membership of eight, and until the erection of the house of worship, met in a school house. Rev. J. Owen was the lirst pastor, succeeded respectively by the following: Elders Hays, Thomas Camp, W. L. Forrest, Ray, Canfield, Joel Penning- ton, Parks, Ilobbs and, in 1876, the present pastor. Elder W. L. Lemly, was called. Since the organization of the church 220 persons have taken membership. Of this number, 16 have died, 91 dismissed by letter, and 23 excluded. The present member- ship is but 42. The value of the church property is $600. Joshua Simmons and James Simmons are Trustees. The latter is also Superintendent of the Sunday school, which has an attendance of about 40. Cedar Creek. — The church structure is located on section twen- ty-two of AValnut Grove township. It is a good frame building, 26x46 feet, and was erected in 1872, at a cost of $1,500. Rev. John Thompson, pastor. Tennessee. — This church Avas organized February 8, 1860, by Elders Farris, and Garuett. Held meetings in school house until 1863, when the present church structure was erected, and at a cost of $2,000. It is a good frame building thirty-six feet by forty- four. The following are the names of the original members: Michael Stookey, Lacinda Stookey, Joseph Wood, Mary Wood, Carolina Samuel, B. Smith, Sarah Smith, John Carroll, Elizabetli Hawker, Thomas Howell, Sarah Howell, G. 1). Mourning, Rebec- ca Mourning, and J. G. Eastwood. The present membership is thirty-hve ; a few years ago it numbered one hundred and forty, but two or three churches have been organized through the country by members attending here, and this of course largely diminished the membership. The following are the pastors serving this church respectively : Elders D. J. Garnett, J. D. Ward, W. R. Welch, HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 569 H. II. Parks, T. N. Lowe, and Elder AV. R. Welch, the present pastor, who has labored with this people before. James L. Trow- or, moderator ; D. J. Garnett, clerk. BushneU. — The Baptist Church of Bushnell was organized March 1, 1862. Elder II. S. P. Warren was moderator of the meeting and .lohn F. Smith, clerk. The original members were : Elder Warren, J. F. Smith, Jonathan (Greene, William IT. Oreene, Moses Wilson, William S. Ilummell, Augustine Kenyon, Jane Fusin, Esther Adams, Laura J. Warren, Lucy P. Greene. The pastors from that time to the present are the following in or- der : Rev. II. P. S. Warren, William T. lily, Elijah Ross, Wm. T. Hill, J. J. W. Place, G. P. Guild and Niles Kinney, the present pastor. The church building was erected in 1867, and dedicated in October of the same year. The meetings of the church had previously been held in the German M. E. Church, in Andrews, Hall, and in Smith's Hall. The building is situated on Crafibrd street east of the C, B. & Q. R. R. depot, and is a good frame structure thirty-six feet by forty-four, and is worth $2,700. The growth of the church has been gradual, mostly by members mov- ing in from other places, and in the conversion of the children and friends of its members. The church has had several revivals of religion, but no very extensive work. The present member- ship is 102; average annual contribution, $850. The present officers are : Clerk, J. R. Ivay ; Treasurer, J. L. Griffith ; Trustees, W. L. Sheaff, J. Dixon, W. S. Ilummell, H. L^owler and E. B. Hunt; Deacons, W. II. Greene, H. Fowler and J. R. Kay. The average attendance in the Sunday school is eighty-five; the con- tribution, $60,00 per year. J. R. Kay, superintendent and has been for ten years. Since the organization ten members have died. Sciota. — This church was organized in the spring of 1870, at a meeting held in the Christian Church, at which Elder Corfield "Officiated, and with seven or eight members. Meetings were held in the Christian Church until a church edifice of their own was erected, which was in 1871. It is a good, plain church structure, about thirty feet wide by forty long, with a well proportioned ■spire rising from the centre of the front, which contains a good toned, ordinary sized bell. The building cost $1,950. The pres- ent membership is about eighty, and the contributions about $700 per annum. The first sermon preached by a Baptist minister in iSciota was by Elder Sutton, in the year 1868. The church, after 570 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. its organizatiou, was very prosperous, and continJied so until a short time ago, when, unfortunately, discord and strife arose among its members. The present officers are : Deacons William Perrine and F. Hollenbeck ; Pastor, Rev. Colvin ; Evan Rogers, Superintendent of Sunday school. Attendance, thirty; contribu- tion, thirty cents per week. Blandinsvilte. — The following correct history of the organiza- tion of this church we copy from the digest of letters in the min- utes of the 37th anniversary of the Salem Baptist Association, held at Macomb: "Rev. S, Pickard, during the month of June, came among us and held a series ot meetings, which resulted in our organization. By the blessings ot the great head of the Church, saints were revived and sinners made to bow. We were organized on the twenty-fourth of June, 1870, by Elders Samuel Pickard and Wm. Ilobbs, and publicly recognized as the Baptist church of Blandinsville by a regular council called for that pur- pose. We have commenced the erection of a house of worship, which we expect to complete before winter. Have preaching every alternate Thursday evening, by Elder J. J. W. Place, and occasionally by Elder ISTorman Parks, of Raritan, on Sunday." The following were the original twelve members . J. C. Feigley, Mrs. J. R. Harmon, Edith Porter, Mary A. Ward, Helen Gruber, Eliza Feigley, Jane Ray, Eleseph Ray, Matilda Seybold, Paulina Logan, Henry Harmon and Isaac H. Bogarth. The church has been prosperous, enjoying four seasons of revival, which brought many into the fold of Christ. At present the membership is ninety-one ; the congregation has agood church edifice on Maple street which is valued at $4,000. Those serving as pastors since its organization, have been : Rev. J. H. Delano, Wm. Hobbs, G. E. Eldridge and Rev. J. Wood Sanders. The average salary paid pastors has been $550 per year; the annual contribution is |800. The attendance at Sunday School is sixty ; the annual collection, $40. Second Church (colored), Macomb. — This congregation was organized by Elder Doling, of Quincy, J. C. Graves, Galesburg, J. W. Harrington, Sciota, and A. Jilackburn, Macomb, May 9,. 1875. The following were the original members : Andrew Pleasant, Hattie Pleasant, David and Emma Hammond, Winnie Fields, Matilda Mayweather, Wisten Jackson and Maria Sanford. The church has had two revivals, at which thirteen were added to the church, making a membership at present of twenty-five. The church building is situated on Korth Lafayette street, and was HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 571 formerly owned by the First Baptist Church, but purchased from them recently, $400 being the consideration. The annual contri- bution is about $2-40. The pastor's salary for one-half his time is $120 per year. There are twenty scholars enrolled in the Sunday School. Rev. William Webster, pastor; J. E. Fields, W. Jack- son and William II. Ball, Trustees ; D. Hammond, M. Clay and Wisten Jackson, Deacons ; J. B. Fields, Clerk ; D. Hammond, Treasurer ; and Henry Fields, Sexton. UNIVERSALISTS. « This denomination has never made any special eftbrt to evan- gelize in this county, and therefore do not number very largely, having only one congregation, which is located at Macomb. Universalist Church, Macomb. — The first sermon of this denom- ation ever preached in Macomb was delivered by the Rev. Gard- ner in 1846. In 1851 a congregation was organized by Rev. I. M. Westfall. The following named persons were among the orig- inal members: R. M. Bonham, J. W. Westtall, J. M. Martin, John S. Smith, Orsamus Walker, J. L. '^. Hall, William D. Penrose, F. L. Westfall, D. D. Roll, Green C. Lane, II. II. Burr, John Q. Lane, John L. Ileuton, and J. II. Baker. Services were held in the court house until 1855, when the Dresent church structure was erected. It is located on East Jackson street, near the Square, and is a good frame building. Those that have served as pastors for this congregation are: Revs. L M. Westfall, William S. Bal- lon, D. P. Livermore, Carney, William Livingston, John Hugbcs, T. II. Tabor, J. P. Weston, D. R. Biddlecome, S. West, and the present pastor, Rev. B. jST. Wiles. The present member- ship is about one hundred; the value of church property is $5,000. J. II. Baker, J. L. IT. Hall, R. M. Bonham are trustees; J. H. Baker, superintendent of Sundaj'^-school. IIEFORMED CHURCH. Only one congregation of this body exists in this county, no special eftbrt having ever been made to extend the cause else- where than at BiLshncU. — This church was organized October 19, 1856, by a committee consisting of Rev. A. Wilson and S. B. Ayers. The original members were Frederick Cruser, Thomas Plotts and wife, Aaron Sperling and D. M. Wyckoft*. The church edifice was erected in 1860 or '61, and dedicated May 1, 186L It is a good 572 HISTORY OF m'donough county. frame buildiug, and is on the corner of Church and Crattord streets. It is valued at $5,000, and the parsonage at $1,G00. The first meetings of the society were held in a school house, and afterward in a carpenter shop which was purchased and fitted up as a chapel. The present resident membership is one hundred and four. The first consistory was composed of Elders John Wyckofi, Thomas riotts and Frederick K. Cruser; Deacons 1). M. Wyckofi' and Aaron Sperling. The present consistory is com- posed of tfie following : Lewis Smick, J. S.^ Clark, Abram Iloag- land and D. M. AYyckoff', Elders; and J. B. Pearson, J. I. Ter- rine, J. B. Cummings and M. L. Sperry, Deacons. For the past eight years the annual contributions have been SI, 665. The Sab- bath school is superintended by J. B. Cummings. The average attendance is eighty. There have been but three pastors : Revs. E. P. Livingston, James Wyckofi' and the present one. Rev. G. D. W. Bodine. FREE WILL BAPTIST. Fralrk City. — This congregation was organized in September, 1857, by Elder John B. Fast, assisted by Elders S. Shaw and P. Christian, and consisted of the following members : Elder J. B. Fast and Sarah, his wife, John J. Fast, Samuel Kestleroad and Catharine, his wife, William ISTestleroad, William Bolin, Adaline Tainter, Belchy Mary White and David S. Johnson. From 1859 to 18(i8, the congregation met in the Prairie City Academy build- iug; Elder J. B. Fast was employed as the first pastor, and the first deacons were Samuel ITestleroad and John Murphy. For awhile the church was quite prosperous, having a membership of two hundred, at present the membership is but seventy. In 1866 and 1867 the church edifice, which stands on Fremont avenue, was erected, and at a cost of $5,000, It is a frame forty feet wide and sixty feet long, having two floors; the lower for Sunday school and prayer meetings. The upper is the main auditorium and has a seating capacity of four hundred. The average annual con- tribution is $1,000. Jvcv. B. F. World is the present pastor; J. F, Davis, deacon and clerk, (t. AV^. Closson is superintendent of the Sunday school, which has an average attendance of one hun- dred, with a contribution of fifty cents per Sunday. Maple Hill. — This congregation was organized in 1875, by Rev. T. J. Dodge, with twelve members. They meet in Maple Hill school house, in the southeast corner of section twenty-six. Bush- HISTORY OF m'dONOUOH COUNTY. 573 nell township. Benjamin Tainter, deacon ; George AV. Thomp- son, superintendent of the Sunday scliool, which has an average attendance ot twenty-seven. CATHOLIC. Two congregations exist in this county, viz : at Tennessee and Macomb, both in good condition. Contrary to the spirit of the denomination there seems never to liave been any special effort put forth to buihl up their cause in this county. The first congre- gation organized was that at Tennessee. Tennessee. — About 1839, the old church at Fountain Green (St. Simon's) was built, but not completed. In 1860, the church was removed to Tennessee, and a good church building erected. Among the original members at Tennessee were the following: Mr. Irwin, and family, Mr. McKeons, Mr. Rutledge, Mr. Nester, Mr. Cosgroves, with their their families. Rev. Father Albright was the first pastor. Rev. Father Touhey (of Macomb) is the present pastor. Macomb. — The Catholic congregation of Macomb was organ- ized in 1854 by the Rev. Father O'JS^eill. The following are the names of the original members: Frank McSpirit and family, Jo- seph Reilly and family, Terence and Patrick McGinnis, Peter Crawford, Patrick Laughlin, Francis Campbell and Michael Mc- Gan. Services were held at the residence of Frank McSpirit, where Peter Sullivan, Sr., now lives. The Rev. Mr. O'Neill offi- ciated for about four years, and was succeeded by Father Schile- ing, who was instrumental in purchasing the lots on West Jackson street, corner of Johnson, upon which the pres'ent church structure and parsonage stands. In 1864 Rev. John Larmer came as pastor. Daring his pastorate the church was built and parsonage refitted. Rev. Thomas F. Mangan succeeded Rev. Larmer, and remained as pastor for two years. He was succeeded by Rev. D. J. Cogan. The Rev. James Tuohy, the present pastor, succeeded Rev. Cogan. In 1875 a revival," or mission, was held by a missionary clergyman from New York. The church financially is in good condition. The church property is valued at $7,000. The annual income about ^1,000. The average attendance in the Sun- day school is about eighty. 574 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. ^CHRISTIANS. The Christians, as an organized denominatu)n, commenced their distinct existence from other christian bodies about the beginning of the present century, viz : in three different localities — in the East, in 1804, from the Baptists, Abner Jones and Elias Smith being prominent leaders in the movement ; in the South (North Carolina), in 1802, from the Methodists, led by Elder O'Reilly ; and in the West, from the Presbyterians, led by Ful- ton W. Stone, Marshall, Thompson, Dunlany, and David l*urvi- ance. These men were moved by a common impulse, East, West and South, to work a reformation in the religious world, and were eminently successful. The leading principles of the "Chris- tians," as urged by those pioneers and still held prominent by the body are : First. — The Bible their ouly written creed of faith and conduct. Second. — Christian their only name. Third. — Conversion ; vital piety : Christian character ; Christ's likeness in spirit and practice their test of fellowship. Fourtli. — Private judgment the right of all christians in matters of doctrine and conscience. They beheve in God, as the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ ; in the Son, as the only begotten of the Father ; in the Holy Spirit, as proceeding from the Father ; one Comforter and Sanctifier. N. Summerbell, D. I)., the present editor of their denomina- tional paper, summarizes thus: "If the Christians, generally, believe in one God, in Christ as the Divine Son of God, in the influence of the Sprit, in the fullness of atonement, in repent- ance, faith, conversion, baptism, holiness, the resurrection, the judgment and eternal life, it is not because they have a human creed, but because these doctrines are so frequently and so luminously set forth in the word of God that they naturally adopt them. '-^ * -'^ Nothing is more dear to the heart of the Chris- tian than the hope that all Christians will yet return to the apos- tolical basis and be united in Christ. The evangelical basis, insisting only on pure ]3ible words for doctrine, and ftxith and fellowship, removes the greatest obstacle to union." Baptism is administered by an entire immersion or burial with Christ. The Christians have some 1,600 churches, about as many ministers, ninety conferences, and about 250,000 membership. Schools and colleges are encouraged ; and a Bible school, at Standfirville, New York. They claim the earliest religious paper, the Herald of Gospel Liberty, commenced in 1808 ; now published at Dayton, Ohio, ^Nickname New Lights. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 575 Christian Church, Industry. — This congregation was organized January 27, 1858, by Rev. John McMillin, with the following members, James AI. Vail, Elizabeth J. Vail, James B. A'aiL ^o- ])hia Vail, Jessie Brown, J. Brown, llexey Downen, and Nancy A'ail. Meetings were held in school houses until the Cumberland I'resbyterian church was erected, when it was used until 18G9, when a building of their own was erected at a cost of about $5,000, it is a good frame forty feet by sixty feet. The present member- ship is one hundred and twenty, but the general attendance is about four hundred. The following pastors hav^e served this church : John McMillin, Alvin H. Chase, Eli Linscott, and the present pastor J. L. Towner. The trustees are John B. Vail, AVashington A'ail, T. B. Stewart, and Caleb Hathaway. The at- tendance of the Sunday school is about seventy-five, contribution about $75 per year, mostly raised by entertainments. Aaron 8husley, superintendent. GERMAN BAPTISTS, OR BRETHREN. In all their periodicals and records this sect is known as Ger- man Baptists, but always among themselves as Brethren, and are better known, perhaps, by others by their nickname Bunkers. This denomination claims to have re-organized the church, with all of its primitive rites in 1708 in Germany. The awakening that followed Luther's reformation caused many to seek after true "primitive Christianity," who, from their Christian -association to- gether and fidelity to the teachings of their Alaster, were called *'Pietists." Their zeal aroused the indignation of the priesthood, who, by the relentless hand of persecution, drove them for pro- tection to AVitgenstein. They still held to the name of Pietists, but notwithstanding much difference of opinion among themselves, they called each other brothers and labored together. It was found necessary to have a form of regular church government. A convention for this purpose was held, which resulted in partial failure. There Avere eight souls who here covenanted with God in Christ Jesus — to take the Bible as their man of council, and the Gospel of their blessed Savior for their rule of faith and practice, ignoring all creeds and discipline of human invention, but resolved, by the grace of God, to make all things according to the pattern shown to them on Mount Zion. There were eight present at this con- vention. The little band made considerable headway for several 576 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. years, when again they were driven from their homes by persecu- tion. They sought shelter under the King of Prussia, and still further persecution followed, when they resolved to go to America, and in 1719 the first party landed, and in ll'Id the re- mainder arrived, and settled in Germantown, Pennsylvania. From this point they have spread all over the nation, numbering at preserit about 150,000, with 1,466 ministers, with 140 in Illinois. Mr. A. G. Black, a minister of the Washington arm of the Church, located in the county of Kosciusko, Ind., came to this county m 1864, and, after visiting the members residing here and in the western part of Fulton count}'', concluded to organize a Church in this county, and on June 2nd, 1865, through the kind- ness of the friends in school district number eight, in Mound township, were permitted to meet in their school house. There were fourteen present: John Pool and wife, Henry Zuck and wife, John Crowl and wife, Joseph Rinker and wife, Martin My- ers and wife, Isaac IST. Crosswait and wife, A. G. Black and wife, and some foreign brethren. After the usual solemnities of such occasions, it was ascertained that John Pool and Henry Zuck were already authorized Deacons, and A. G. Black a Minister in the second degree. The members present, on being examined separate and apart from the official members, agreed to accept them in their official capacity in the new organization. After the Elders had dedicated them to their Lord and Master in solemn prayer to God, the organization was given the name of the Bush- nell Arm of the Church. Since, thirty members have moved within the boundary of the congregation, and thirty-four joined by baptism, while sixteen have removed — leaving a total of sixty- two. In 1867 John L. Myers and Jacob Burgard, who is now de- ceased, were chosen to the ministry, and in the same year Hiram Morrison and P. Carson were elected deacons, and in 1875 John Pool, Jr., was chosen to the ministry and William Cook as deacon. The tenets of the church are, in brief, as follows; They con- sider faith, repentance and baptism as essential to church mem- bership, also valid Christian baptism to be performed by "trine immersion," Matthew 28 : 19; members are to observe all things Christ has commanded them. Matt. 28 : 20; they are not to engage in carnal warfare, Isa. 2 : 4, Matt. 16 : 52 and 5 : 38-47; they are not to take an oath. Matt. 5 : 33-37, James 5 : 12; they are to HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 577 wash oue another's feet, as commanded in John 13; and are to salute one another with the kiss, as commanded live times hy the Apostles, and observe plainness ot dress as commanded in I. Peter 3, and other places. Respectfully, A. G. Black. UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. The church of the United Brethren in Christ was organized by Rev. Philip William Otterbein, in Baltimore, Maryland, in the year 1774, and until 1800, w^ere called United Brethren. In order to distinguish this church from the Moravian United Brethren Church, the words "in Christ" were added. The highest ecclesi- astical body in this church consists of a General Conference, composed of Bishops and three Delegates from each Annual Con- ference. It is the duty of the General Conference to enact such laws as are required for the good government of the church, and to see that they are properl}'' administered and observed by the Annual Conference, which is the next highest body, and is com- posed of Ordained Elders, and Annual Conference Licentiates, presided over by a Bishop. The duty of this body is to enquire into the moral and official character of its members, look after the various interests of the church in its district, elect presiding elders and station ministers on their various fields of labor. There are now forty Annual Conferences in the entire church. The one of wdiich the churches of this county form a part, embraces the territory between the Mississippi and Illinois rivers, as far north as the mouth of Rock river and the city of Peru, and is known as the Illinois Conference. The next body in authority is the Quarterly Conference, composed of the pastors, local preachers, exhorters, class-leaders, stewards, Sabbath school superintendents and trustees of churches and parsonages belonging to the circuit, mission or station. This body is presided over by a Presiding Elder, and its duty is to inquire into the moral and official char- acter of its members, and look after the various interests of the church. Classes are organized, consisting of three or more mem- bers, who elect a leader, whose term of office continues one year. A steward, whose duty it is to look after the finances of the class, is also elected annually. The highest office in the church is that of Bishop, which is filled every four years by an election of the General Conference. There are now five Bishops in the church : J. Weaver is Bishop of this district. Presiding Elders are elected 578 HISTORY OK m'dONOUGH COUNTY. annually by the Conference to which they belong. The church has always opposed intemperance, slavery and secret societies, and has special laws against them. The doctrine is similar to that of the Methodist Episcopal Church. There are at present in this county fifteen societies and eleven church buildings, viz. : Pleas- ant Gale, Willow Grove, Jerusalem, Center, Mound Chapel, Pilot Grove, Lutz Chapel, Blandinsville, Elm Grove, Salem and La- moine Chapel. The numerical strength of this denomination in the county is not large, and it was a number of years after its or- ganization before a congregation was formed. Tliere are now nine in the county, having a membership of about three hundred and fifty. The first organized was the Elm Grove. — The church building is located on section fifteen of Hire township, and was erected in 186G at an outlay of $1,200. Its size is twenty-six by thirty-six feet. The church was organ- ized in 1855, with fifteen members. The present membership is thirty-five. Isaac Valentine, Pastor; Israel Null, Class Leader; Perry Keithly, Steward. The Trustees are John Nelson, James Boyce, William II. Null and Israel Null. William II. Null is Superintendent of the Sunday school. The average attendance of the school is thirty. Willo^n Grove. — The United Brethren ministers began preaching in Prosperity Hall, in 1867, but it was not until 1871 that a regu- lar organization was effected, which was by Rev. I. Valentine. Prosperity Hall alluded to was erected in 1862 by a Good Tem- plar society, and used by that order of temperance workers for seven or eight years. The hall was thrown open to the general public, and meetings by the various denominations were held in it. The building was about eighteen feet by thirty-two, and cost §450. Many interesting and profitable meetings and conventions were held in this hall, and were largely attended by those living in all parts of the county. Previous to the erection of the hall, meetings were held at the residence of A. J. Ilainline. The church building, which stands upon section one of Hire township, was dedicated by Bishop D. Edwards on the tenth of November, 1872. The building is a good frame, thirty feet by forty, and cost $2,000. The following are the names of the original members : A. Brown and wife, Quincy Ilainline and wife, Georgiana Watts, Emma Watts, Lodelia Watts, James Eielding, Rebecca Ilainline, HISTORY OF M'dONOUGH COUNTY. 570 Flora Ilaiiiline and Amanda ^[. Ilainline. Several successful re- vival meetings have been ^held, and present membership num- bers thirty. The following are the names of the various Pastors : Kev. J. 11. Snyder, N". A. Walker, I. Valentine, A. Worman, K. Godfrey, J. Wagner and W. 1\ Pease. The Trustees first elected still serve; they are: A.Brown, Q. C. Ilainline, J. B. Isom, William Watts and A. J. Mainline, Steward, J. B. Isom. Class Leader, Isaiah Stambaugh. Average contribution is $200 per year. Sunday School is held in union with the M. E. Church — attendance, thirty-five. New Philadelphia. — The church strncture is situated on section fourteen of Mound township, and was erected in 1868. G. A. Cadwallader is the Class Leader, and J. Pickering, Steward. The membership of the Sunday School is forty. G. A. Cadwallader, Superintendent. Jerusalem Chapel of the United Brethren Ckareh. — This society was organized October 29, 1867, at the residence of A. Switzer. J. B. Conly, A. Switzer, William Early, Enos Spangler elected trustees. A church ediiice was commenced immediately, and on the twenty-second of December, 1868, it was dedicated. It is built for the use of all orthodo.'c denominations when not in use by the United Brethren. The size of the building is 28 by 36 feet, and the cost $1,411 85. It is located on section 11. The present membership is about thirty; at the organization but sixteen. The following are the various pastors since 1867: J. B.Austin, J. Dunham, S. K. Coats, IST. A. Walker, Amos Worman, Isaac Valentine, J. Wagner, and William Pease. Blandinsoilte. — Elder Josiah Terrel preached the first sermon in 1816, and organized the church same year, with the following named persons, as original members: Thomas Fisher and wife, Frank -b'reelaud and wife, Sylvester Ruddle and wife, Jacob Keith - ly and wife, Elizabeth Freeland, Wesley Freeland, Joseph Way, •lohn Freeland. Rev. D. G. Porter was the first pastor. The church at one time was quite powerful in the coramuuity and es- tablished an institution of learning in the place, the well known Blandinsville Seminary, which was in successful operation some years. The building has passed into the hands of the village and is still used for school purposes. For some years tlie cause has not prospered so well and is attributed by its members from the fact the society has always opposed slavery and secret societies. 580 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. They have a church building vahied at $1,200, and a parsonage $250. They pay pastor $100 for one-third his time, and raise for all church purposes $200 per year. Tlie society is financially weak. In the Sunday school they have enrolled sevcnty-tive with an average attendance of fifty, and raise about $25 per year for school purposes. J. Dunham is the presiding elder for the dis- trict, and has occupied like position for many years. The follow- ing named have served as pastors ; D. T. Porter, J. R. Evans, J. Dunham, J. L. Condon, A. AVimset, Newton Walker, David Mar- tin, L. P. Parvin, Isaac Valentine, and A. Callahan. Pleasant Gale. — This church was organized in 1868 by Rev. J. Dunham, about one mile east of the present church building, which is located on the northeast corner ot section eight, Sciota township, and was dedicated November 1, 1874, by Rev. N. A. Walker. The building is a good frame structure, and cost $2,000 to erect it. The following are the names of the original members : Samuel Rush and wife, Mr. Elwell and wife, Mrs. B. K. Purkey and Mrs. Samuel McDonald. Revival meetings have been held by Revs. Dunham, Martin, AVorman, AVagner, Smith and Pease, which resulted in additions to the church each meeting. The growth has been continual and steady, both in numbers and spirituality. The following have served as pastors : Revs. J. Dunham, S. K. Coats, I. A^alentine, A. AV^orman, N. A. AA^alker, I. AVagner, and W. P. Pease, the present pastor. The trustees are W. H. Allen, Samuel Rush and Joseph Breiner. The present membership is fifty. Annual contributions, $450. Average sal- ary of pastor for one-fourth of his time, $150. A'alue of church building, $2,000; value ot parsonage in the town of Good Hope, $450. The average attendance of the Sunday school is fifty. Thomas Kellough, Class Leader, and George Torrence, Steward. Centre Chapel. — This Church was organized in November, 1875, by Rev. AV. P. Pease, and with the following thirty-six members : John Snook, Thomas Brooks, Henry Rodenbach, Andrew J. Hyde, George B. Hastings, Edith Snook, Sarah Brooks, Elias R. Smith, Cyntha Arbogast, Mary M. Hastings, Richard H. Paugh, Edwin M. Smith, Belle Smith, Eva Smith, John Snapp, Barbara Cinn. Snapp, David Hyde, Eliza Hyde, James C. Booth, Sarah Booth, George AV. Hudson, Rebecca Hudson, Simon Rutledge, Mercy Rutledge, R. G. Carter, Mattie Carter, Alatthew AI. Boden, Francis Boden, Jacob A^an Doren, Margaret A^an Doren, Catha- HISTORY OP^ m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 581 rine Vau Doren, Harry Kodeiibach, Joseph Arthur, Elizabeth Ar- thur, Henry Hudson and J. W. Buckley. Since the organization the names of J, C. Barrett and Lizzie Robertson have been added. The growth of the Church since its organization has been more in the spiritual advancement of its members than in new addi- tions. The Church building was erected in 1876 on the southeast corner of section sixteen, Walnut Grove township. It is valued at $1,600; size, 30x42 feet. This Church, in connection with the following three United Brethren in Christ Churches, own a par- sonage in Good Hope valued at $450 : Willow Grove, Pleasant Gale and Jerusalem Churches. Center Church was dedicated December 10, 1876, by Rev. J. W. Hott, of Dayton, Ohio— Rev. W. P. Pease, Pastor. The average salary of Pastor is S125. The Trustees are George Hasting, Henry Rodenbach, Simon Rutledge, Thomas Brooks and Quintus Walker. Attendance at Sundav School, seventy ; collections, twenty dollars a year. EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN. We are indebted to Rev. G. H, Schnurr, of Macomb, for the following sketch of this denomination. The Evangelical Lutherans da:te their organization from Octo- ber 31, 1517, when Luther nailed ninety-five theses (propositions) against the old church door of Wittenberg, which he proposed to defend ; they being directed against the papal abuses. In 1530 the adherents of Luther, in defense of their faith, laid before the Diet at Augsburg a summary of their doctrines, which has been known as the "Augsburg Confession," and which has formed the foundation for all Protestant confessions. These ad- herents to, and defenders of, the pure Bible doctrine wished to be known simply as Evangelical Christians, but they were constantly called Lutherans in derision ; and since Luther restored the gos- pel to the people, they finally accepted the name as an honor, and joined it to their "Evangelical" designation. Doctrinally, the Evangelical Lutheran Church glories in being "tlie church of the Word," maintaining the duty of simple faith in the Word of God without regard to human philosophy or logic. She insists on the careful indoctrination of her young people in Luther's Catechism, a summary of Bible doctrines through lier pastors. In theologi- cal literature the Lutheran Church stands pre-eminently front in the ranks. H— 37 582 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. Her researches are acknowledged as the mest protonnd, and many of lier writers are the indispensable aids of every Christian scholar. Her progress in this country was much retarded on account of the less demonstrative character of her people when compared with the puritanic element coming from Kngland, and also by the transition from the various foreign tongues to the English language. For the last twenty-five years, however, she has increased at a niuch greater ratio than any other Evangelical denomination. She now numbers in this country, 54 synods, 2,795 ministers, 4,822 churches, and 600,353 communicants. In this couuty the first organization was eftccted April 7, 1871, by the Rev. G. II. Schnurr, who located at Bushnell at that time. The said congregation held its services at the Jerusalem Chapel, three miles northwest ©f Bardolph. Another organization was effected in Bushnell and regular services held for one year ; but owing to present difhculties they were suspended, in the hope of more auspicious circumstances. In the space of a few years, sev- eral families having removed from the neighborhood of Jerusalem Chapel to the vicinity of Macomb, the question of transfer of the congregation to Macomb was agitated. The proper arrange- ments having been made, a meeting for that purpose took place at the Cumberland Presbyterian Church in Macomb, January 11, 1875, where the congregation re-organized under the name and title of " Trinity Evangelical Lutheran Church," and the old Congregational Church was purchased and refitted for Divine Services. In the meantime (July, 1872) another organization was effected five miles southwest of Macomb, and a house of w^orship erected conjointly with Methodists in the neighborhood, and called Salem's Church. These two churches, at Macomb and in Chalmers town- ship, arc still regularly served by their first pastor, and embrace a membership of eighty communicants. We have one Sunday school in Macomb (C. II. Kahe, Superin- tendent), and unite with others in a Union school at Salem church. There are connected with the two seven teachers, sixty-five scholars. Average attendance, forty-five. Contributed for cur- rent expenses, per year, S15; for benevolent purposes, S15. Pas- tor's salary, one-half the time, $325. Missionary' purposes, $50. HISTORY OF M DONOUGH COUNTY, 583 SUMMARY. The following table will show at a glance the relative strength of the clifterent denominations in the county, with the number of their churches, value of church property, annual contributions for all church purposes, number of ISunday Schools, pupils enrolled, average attendance and contributions Baptists Catholic Christian « ■•'Christian Congregational Cnmberland Presbyterian Evanpelieal Lutheran Free Will Baptist German Baptist Methodist Episcopal Presbyterian RefoiTned Regular Baptist United Brethren Universalist , Grand Total ■-'Called in derision "New Lights 746 350 1,181 120 115 332 80 82 62 1,374 890 104 60 330 100 87 5,876 $209,463 a, o «29.250 9,000 22,100 5,0u0 9,500 13,600 1,500 5,000 56,450 33,350 6,600 13,113 5,000 o P o 88,490 1,500 7,200 800 1,800 2,350 400 1,000 10,380 8,650 1,665 2,600 1,000 p >. o 50 WW (r> >■ f ^ o Oi o y- 815 140 1,190 100 120 310 72 147 1,870 980 100 545 150 848,135 6,539 625 125 777 75 90 250 45 127 1,431 8;i0 80 370 125 4,9.50: 8328 00 416 00 38 00 37 00 148 00 30 00 35 00 876 00 472 00 45 00 154 00 81 00 82,660 00 584 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. CHAPTER XXXVII. REMINISCENCES. HecoUections of John Wilson. — Until 1828, when I was married, I cannot say that I ever had a home. On the thirtieth day of October, 1828, I was married to Martha li. Vance by Ekler John Logan, with whom I yet live. When I commenced farming I had one horse and three cows. The first year I broke my land with a Barshire plow, a wooden aftair. I borrowed a wagon from William Moore, whe was just from Georgia. He went crazy soon afterward and was taken back by his friends. After this I made a wagon myself entirely of wood, the wheels of which were made solid and hewed out of a large tree. There being no iron about it, I had to keep it well soaped to keep it from being set on fire by the friction, I now had three calves, two of which I yoked together, and the third harnessed and used as a leader. With them I done my plowing, and hitched them to my wagon and done all my hauling of wood and rails, they being able to draw ten or twelve rails to the load. This wooden wagon I used for several years, going to mill with it and doing all my hauling. What little education I have I got after I was married. I got a United States spelling-book and a primer, and at night, while my wife was spinning, I would throw a quantity of brush upon the fire, having first placed in the fireplace a large back-log, and lying down on the floor, by the light given, I would study. I Avould do this after having worked hard all day mauling rails and other work. In this way I soon mastered my speller and primer and then took up the Bible, reading it through twice, when I thought myself able to read anything. By the same course of study I obtained a little knowledge of geography and arithmetic. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 585 Game was very abundant in the early times, and wild animals were not uncommon, such as wolf, wildcat, fox, lynx, badgers, and even the black bear. Deer were very plentiful. The strength and powers of endurance of this animal are wonderful indeed. I once shot and crippled one, when the dogs attacked it and fought it a long time, until I got in another shot, when it jumped about twenty feet away from the dogs that were holding it, and fell dead. One morning I heard my dogs barking and went to see what was the matter, when I discovered they were chasing a little fawn. I caught it and carried it in my arms to the house, where it grew up as a pet. One day some strange dogs came around, and, frightening it, caused it to break one of its legs. I tied it ■down for the purpose of fixing it, when it endeavored to get away. At last it gave a powerful leap and actually pulled itself in two, thus killing itself. I have an old Hint-lock rifle, one I traded for when I first came to the count}'. It was then an old gun and had done much ser- vice, but still to-day it is in as good order as it ever was, and as true as the modern breech-loader. As I roamed the wild forest, often this gun was my only companion, and it was always faith- ful. Many are the excitings incidents that could be related in •connection with it. A short time ago one of little grandsons de- sired to see me shoot it. To please the boy, I took the faithful old gun from its hook on the wall, and, as was my custom nearly a half centur}' ago, I threw it across my shoulder and started forth for game. AVe soon spied a squirrel in a tall oak. I took aim iiud fired. Though my hand was not so steady or my e3'e so keen as it used to be, I brought the little animal to the ground. I well remember quite an exciting fight I had witVi a lynx, one winter. During the day a good sized calf had died, and that night it snowed. While but doing chores the next morning, I noticed some tracks near the carcass of the calf which I supposed were made by a panther, knowing it must be somewhere near by. I called my dogs that they might trace it, but when they came they refused to go near it. I then went over to Vances after a couple of hounds which were glad enougli for a fight, and soon had the animal treed ; it was as large as a gray wolf and resembled one. I got my old flint lock and determined to have a fight. I shot its paw a time or two but it would not jump down from the tree. I then shot it in the bead knocking it down. The dogs would run up to it and each time would have great pieces of flesh 5avid Jenkins and myself took our grain to the HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 591 mill at Vermont. On driving up 1 asked the miller, "What chance have we for our grinding?" lie replied, "We can do it in about three weeks." "Do you think you can do it that soon?" "Yes, if the mill don't break, I think we can." "Can we unload our grain, so as to feed?" "Well, you had better put it all in one wagon and feed in the other." "Can we drive in the lot for that purpose?" "I think you had better drive otf a little w^ays." "Don't you think we had better go to Beardstown or Rushville?" "You can do just as you please so far as I am concerned," and he turned his back onus and returned to his Avork; as independent as you please. But we were not to be bluiied otf, and thought, if possible to have our grain ground in less than three weeks, so when night come, instead of going to bed, we concluded to run the mill ourselves, which we did, and had our grist all ground before two o'clock A. M. On driving off in the morning with our flour the men who had been waiting many days for their grist were quite indignant to see how we had got ahead of them, but, then, wo were all right aud went home happy. J. W. Brattles Reminiscence. — In the summer of 1832, Thomas Adkisson, and John Gibson, from Morgan county, called on me to go out to Walnut Grove, to survey a new settlement which they designed to locate. We went out and surveyed the whole region of country, spending five days and camping out during the whole time. The men were greatly discouraged at the prospect, think- ing there was not enough timber in that township for the pur- poses of settlers, and therefore no considerable number would ever settle there; the consequences of which would be that their children would grow up without the influences of schools and meeting. They returned to Morgan county, but afterwards came back and settled in Industry township, this county, where there was more timber, and where they lived and died. While surveying this tract of countrj', we found a house which had the appearance of being lately built, but which was then un- occupied. Isaac Bartlett afterwards told me he built the house in the fall of 1830, with the mtention of moving in it; but having raised a crop on Spring Creek, which he desired to feed out before moving, he placed his aged parents in the new house, in order that he might hold his claim. This was in the winter of 1830-31, a winter that no old settler can ever forget, the like of which has never been experienced since. Others may probably have told 592 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. jou of some of the horrors of that long winter. It is hard to descrihe. The elder Bartlett and his wife were in the cabin when the snow fell. They had with them a cow which provided the milk for their use. When the snow ceased falling, Isaac Bartlett took his sled, and hitching a yoke or two of oxen to it, started for the residence of his parents to bring them away, but the snow was so deep he could make no headway, and night coming on, he had to await another day, when he again made the attempt to reach them. It was five days before he finally got through. He found his parents without food of any kind, the cow dead, having died from hunger and cold, and his father in the act of dressing it for the purpose of eating. Having brought provisions with him, their immediate wants were supplied, and the next day all returned to Spring Creek. Such were some of the experiences of the early settlers in this county. llespectfully, J. W. Brattle. Martitia F. Harris' Reminiscences. — I was born March 20, 1814, in Adair county, Kentucky; moved to Sangamon county, Illinois, in 1830, and from thence to McDonongh county, in the following year, 1881. Was married before leaving Kentucky, to Alexander II. Harris, who died in 1861, and had one child born while living in Sangamon county, Illinois. We moved to the county in an ox wagon, and settled on the pJace where I am now living, four miles northeast of Macomb. We were very favorably impressed with the county, and thought we had a very good soil for cultivation but did not think those large prairies would ever be so thickly settled as they now are. Our nearest neighbors were old Fatber Harris, who lived half a mile northeast of us, and Joseph Smith, who lived three miles east. Land, at this time, was worth from $1.25 to $2.50 per acre ; the same will now bring |40 to $50 per acre. Macomb was our trading point, but it did not have the fine stores now in the place, nor did the merchants carry the stock now kept by the merchants of the place. The first sermon preached in our neighborhood was by Rev. William K. Stewart, of Macomb, a Presbyterian minister. The first couple married was James (3sborne and Ruth Smith. Ruth borrowed my mother's shoes to be married in. The couple'started the next morning on foot to the infair, which was near Industry, and stopped at my father's house on their way, to see if she could HISTORY OF M'iJONOUGII (T)UNTY 593 keep the shoes until after the infair. She was barefooted, ami was carrying the shoes in her hand, and this on the twenty-fourth day of November, 1838. My daughter, Parthena Harris, was the first child born in this neighborhood, April 1,1835. The first death was Samuel Harris, my husband's l)rother. Sailing on the Prairie. — Thomas Camp, in 1849, settled near where the present town of Good Hope is situated. All north of him for many miles was one vast, unbroken wilderness, with not a house or dwelling of any kind, and also perfectly void of tim- ber, A few winters after his settlement upon the prairie, there came a heavy fall of snow, and upon the top of that a sleet of rain, which freezing, formed a solid crust on top, and over which a man could walk or slide. Mr. Camp thought he would have a good sleigh ride ; so taking a sled out several miles from his house, and rigging it up with quilts for sails, he jumped in, and there being a brisk northAvest wind, he was soon sailing over the prairies. The wind being so strong he could not lower his sails, although in a measure he was able to direct his course, and therefore, on arriving at home, he could not stop, but run into an out-house, wrecking his prairie schooner and almost losing his life. He never tried the experiment again, although he declared it was a perfect success. 594 HISTORY OK m'donough county. CHAPTER XXXVIII. At a meeting called for the purpose of organizing an "Old Settlers' Association," held in Campbell's Hall in June, 1869, Major JohnM. Walker was called to the chair and a committee, consisting of J. M. Campbell, J. P. Updegraif and J. B. Kyle, were appointed to draft a constitution and requested to report the same at an adjourned meeting to be held on the fourteenth day of July, 1869, which meeting was duly held and the committee re- ported the followingconstitution, which was unanimonsly adopted CONSTITUTION. Article 1. All citizens of McDonough county, who have resided therein thirtj'-three years, or who have resided in the State of Illinois thirty-three years, and who are now residents of said county, by giving their names, place of birth, age, and residence, be- come members of this Association. Art. 2. The officers of the Association shall be a President, a Vice President for each township, a Secretary and Treasurer — whose duties shall be such as usually pertain to those offices — who shall be elected by a majority of the members present at each annual meeting, and shall hold their offices for one year, and until their successors are elected and qualified. Abt. 3. The above named officers shall constitute an Executive Board, who shall have power to call special meetings of the Association, to fill vacancies in the offices, when any occur, and shall have power to transact any business in the name of the Association which they may deem necessary during recess. Art. 4. The Secretary shall keep a fair record of the proceedings of the Association and Executive Board, in a book provided for the purpose, and therein to enter the full names of each member, place and date of birth, age, date of residence in Illinois, and date of residence in the county, present place of residence and occupation ; he shall give public notice of all meetings of the Association. Art. 5. The Treasurer shall hold all monies of the Association, and shall pay the same only on the order of the Executive Hoard, attested by the Secretary, and shall annually report the same to the Association. Art. 6. The Vice President in each townshiii shall be a committee to present the claims of the Association to the old settler citizens, and obtain their names and forward for record of membership to the Secretary. Art. 7. Any five members of the Executive Board shall constitute a quorum to do Ijusiness after notice duly given of a call-meeting of said Association. Art. 8. The meetings of the Association shall be held annually on the twenty-ninth of September, but the Executive Board shall have power to call special meetings at such times and jilaces as they may determine. Art. 9. The Executive Board shall designate a badge of membership to be worn by each member at all meetings of the Association. Art 10. This Constitution may be amended at any annual meeting of the Association, or an adjourned meeting by a vote of two-thirds of the members present. HISTORY OF JI'dGNOUGH COUNTY. 595 Meetings ot the Assoeiatiori have been held annally ever since the adoptiou of the foregoing constitution, with the exception of the year 1875. Although there has not been that interest mani- fested in the meetings of the Association their importance de- serves, they afford considerable pleasure and satisfaction to those participating in the annual re-unions. We append below as com- plete a list of old settlers, those living in the count}' forty years and upwards, as we could obtain : John Alison, born January SI, 1820, in Washington county, Penn. ; came to McDon- ough county in 18:55. Resides on a farm in Scotland township. John L. Anderson, born March 28, 1815, in Adair county, Kentucky ; came to this county in 1831, For many years resided in Macomb, but at present resides in Bushnell. Andrew Alison, born in Washington county, Penn., in 1815 ; came to McDonough county in 1835, and settled four miles south of Macomb. Emeline Atkinson, wife of .J. H. Atkinson, born April 7, 1827, in Washington county. Kentucky ; came to this county with her father, William Willis, in 1830. James C. Archer, born in Casey county, Kentucky, December 25, 1812 ; came to this county in 1832. Lives in Bethel township. Robert Andrews, born in Washington county, Penn., April 12, 1811 ; came to McDon- ough county in 183i). Resides on section twenty-five, Eldorado township. J. H. Atkinson, born in Barren county, Kentucky, in 1822 ; and came to this county in 1834. Larkin C. Bacon, born May 2, 1819, in Washington county, Tennessee ; came to Mc- Donough county in 1834. Resides on farm in Tennessee township. Lorina A. Banks, widow of the late Vandever Banks, born in Adair county, Kentucky, January 15, 1806, and moved to McDonough county in 1835, settling in Hire townshii), where she continues to reside. John D. Barber, born in Fairfield district. South Carolina, in 1799 : came to this county in 1729. W. T. Brooking, born in Union county, Kentucky, in 1824 ; came to McDonough in 1834. J. H. Baker, came to this county in 1837. Resides in the city of Macomb. He was born May 8, 1817, in Chesham county, New Hampshire. H. R. Bartleson, born in Macomb, in 1839, where he still resides. Robert M. Bonham, came to McDonough county, January 9, 1839; he was born in Fleming county, Kentucky, March 2(5, 180(). Resident of Macomb. Jessie D. Bowen.bornin Franklin county, Ohio, October 19, 182G ; came to McDonough in 1831. Lives in Chalmers. Thomas Bullock, born February 13, 1794, in Downe county, Ireland ; came to Mc- Donough county in 183(5. Resides in Bethel. Robert Barber, born in Pulaski county, Kentucky, in 1822 ; came to McDonough county in 1829. Mary Black, wife of Henry Black, of Industry township, was born January 15, 1822, near Washington, Washington county, Pennsylvania, and came to this county with her father, Mr. Alison, in 1836. James W. Brattle, Ijorn June 16. 1795. in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, came to this comi- ty in 1831 ; residence in Macomb. Alexander H. Brooking, born in Clark county, Kentucky, in the year 1818 : came to this county in 1833 ; settled in Emmet township, now resides just north of Macomb. Thomas Caldwell, born in June, 1824, in the State of Kentucky : came to McDonough county in 1832. Mrs. Mary Clarke, widow of the late James Clarke, was born in South Carolina, on the fourth day of December. 1798 ; came to McDonough county in 1830 : resides with her daughter, Mrs. Franklin, in Macomb. 596 HISTORY OF m'donougii county. C. S. Churchill, born in McDonough county, Illinois, April 25, 1H34, resides in Ma- comb, C. C. Clarke, born in M.acomb. November 24, 18.39, yet a resident of that city. J. S. Campbell, bt)rn in Washington county, Tennessee, in IHK; ; came to McDonough county in 18o(), and settled on section three. Industry township. In 18:50 moved to AValnut Grove township, and in 18(5.5 to his present residence in Sciota townshiii. Nelson Campbell came to the county in 1835, and settled on Camp creek, seven miles south of Macomb, in Scotland township. "Was born in Cook county, Tenn.. in 1814. Harvey T. Chase, born May 5, 17!)7, in Sullivan county. New Hampshire ; came to Mc- Donough county in 183(5. Kesidence, Macomb. James Clark, born August 14, 1825, in Washington county, Virginia : came to this county September 25, 183.5. Resides in Scotland township. William B. Clarke, born in Washington county, Kentucky, March 31, 1819, and with bis father, James Clarke, came to Morgan county, Illinois, in 1829, and to this county in 1830. Mr. Clarke resides in the town of Sciota, of which he is the founder. Hugh Conner, born in Jefferson county, Tennessee, in 1809 ; came to this county in 1833, settling in Blandinsville township. ]y John A. Crabb, born in Montgomery county, Virginia, November 20, 1828 ; came to this county in 1836, and has since resided in Macomb township. William Cannon came to the county in 1833. Resides in Macomb. He was born in Washington county, Kentucky. Charles Creel, born in Adair county, Kentucky, August 17, 1807 ; settled near Wolf Grove, this county, in 183(5. Silas Creel, born in Adair county, Kentucky, in 1818: came to McDonough county in 1833 ; settled at Wolf Grove, now known as Bardolph. John Charter, born in Washington county, Kentucky, in 1829, and came with parents to this county in 1833. >/ WiUiam E. Crabb, born in Clinton county, Ohio : came to McDonough county with his father, John M. Crabb, in 183(5 ; resides in Macomb township. William H. Dawson, born in Adair county, Kentucky, in April. 1829; came to the county in 1832 ; resides in Macomb. Isom David, of Eldorado township, was born in 1819 in Hardin county, Kentucky ; came to McDonough county in 183(5. James Dora thy was born in Edwards county, Illinois, in 1825, and emigrated to this county in 1835, and settled on section eighteen. Hire township, where he still resides. Margaret Elting, widow of the late Philip Elting, was born in the county of Fer- maua, Ireland, in 1823 ; came to America in 1825, and to this county in 183(5. settling in Macomb. Hugh Ervin, born in Augusta county, Virginia, August 19, 1810 ; came to McDonough county in 183(5 ; now resides in Macomb. Geo. W. Eyre, born Septambar 20, 1812, in the State of Pennsylvania: c.ims to this county in 1837, Residence in Macomb. Orsamus Farrington, born January 2G, 1811, in Meggscounty, Ohio : came to this county in 1830. Moses Foster, born in Davis county, Indiana, in 1811: came to this county July 4. 1831. Settled in the southeast corner of the county. M. C. Foster, came to this county from Pennsylvania, in 1834, and settled south of Middletown. Wm. H. Franklin, born .June 13, 1813, in Mercer county, Kentucky : came to Macomb October 25, 1839, where he still resides. J. N. Foster, born in Dubois county, Indiana, February 8, 1829 ; came to this county with his father, A. J. Foster, in 1831, who was the first to settle Eldorado township, locat- ing in the northeastern part; his sons H. W., W. D. and S. J., all have made McDonough their home, and live in the neighborhood known as Foster's Point. Charles W. Fulkerson, was born October 14, 1822, in Tennessee. He came to this county, in 1832, residing on section 29, Tennessee township. John W. Fugate, born in West Virginia in 1817 ; came to the county in 1834, and settled on section thirty, Bethel township. IIISTOUY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 597 James Fiilton. born in 1804, in Fleming county, Kentucky ; came to McDonough county in 1830, and Bettled in Macomb township. John Gilfrey, Sr., born in Pliilailelpliia county, Pennsylvania, in 1793: came to this county in IH.itJ. Mr. Gilfrey was one of the early settlers of McDouough, and was well and favorably known all over the county. He died in 1874, in Blandinsville t^jwnship, where he had long resided. His widow yet lives on the old homestead, enjoying compar- atively good health at the ripe old age of eighty-iour. Mrs. Flora Gates, born in Lexington, Kentucky, April 17, 18();5; came to this county in IHS.'i, and settled in Chalmers township, llesides in Bardolph. She is the mother of Thomas K. and John M. Wilcox, well known residents of the county. Thomiis M. Gilfrey, born in Philadelphia county, Pennsylvania, in 1820: came to this county in 1880. llesides on a farm in Blandinsville township. David Glenn, born in the State of Virginia in 171)3; came to McDonough county in 1833. S. F. Greenup. Place of birth. Monroe county. Kentucky, in 183"). In 1836, with his father, John Greenup: came to McDonough county and settled in Pennington's Point. Charles W. Greenup came to this county in 183(5. "Was born i:i Monroe county, Ken- tucky, in 182i>. William Greenup, born in Monroe county, Kentucky ; came to this county in 1836 with his father, John Greenup. Resides in Scotland townshij}. Nathaniel Grigsby, born in Hardin county, Kentucky, May 8. 182.5, and came to this county in 1830. Kedman Grigsby, born in Prince William comity, Virginia; in 1800, came to this county in 1830 ; residence in Blandinsville township. Silas J. Grigsby. born in Hardin county, Kentucky, in 1823 ; came to McDonough county in 1830; residence, Blandinsville. George G. Guy came to McDonough county in 183G, and settled on section 20, Em- met township, where he still resides ; was born September 2, 1808, in Adair county, Kentucky. Cynthia A. Hall, wife of David Hall, was born February 6, 1322, in Washington coun- ty, Kentucky, and came to this county with her father, William Willis, in 1830 ; resides in Sciota township. •John T. Hagerty, born February 8, 1817, in Harrison county, Kentucky : came to the State in 1830 and the county in 183.'> ; now resides in Macomb. William S. Hail. Macomb, born in Simpson county, Kentucky, April lit, 1818; came to this county in 183(). John S. Holliday, born .January 2."), 1811, in Galitan county, Kentucky ; came to this county in 1832 ; resides in Lamoine township. Demothenes Hamilton, born April 13, 1811, in Bockbridge county, Virginia ; came to this comity January 6, 1835 ; residence, Prairie City. S. Hamilton, born in Adair county, Kentucky, in 1828; came to the county and settled on section four, Macomb townshijj, in 1831. James E. D. Hammer came to McDonough county in 1833. Was born in W^ashington county, Tennessee. April 28, 1809. William Hardesty, born in Hamilton county, Illinois, in 1819 ; came to this county in 1830. Victor M. Hardin, born in Washington county, Kentucky, in 1812 ; came to McDon- ough county in 1834. Besides in Blandinsville. Advice Hays, born October 4, 1798. in Limtie county. South Carolina : came to the county in 1830, settling in Industry township. John H. Hays, born in Hire township in 1836, near the place in which he now resides. Mrs. Sarah Hagerty came to this county in 1827. Was born in Lafayette county, Indiana, June 18, 1822, Wife of John T. Hagerty. Stewart F. Hammer, born in Monroe county, Marsh 31, 1831 ; came to this county in 1834. Besides in New Salem. Durham Harris, born in McDonough county, December 22, 1832 : resides in Macomb township. 11—38 598 HISTORY OF m'donougii county. John H. Head, Washington county, Kentucky, phice of birth, in the year 1812; re- moved to this county in 1831. Charles Hill, born in Hardin county, Kentucky, in 181G : came to this county in 1830 ; settled on section twelve, Lamoine township. John M. Holmes, Mound township, was born August 7, 1818. in Green county, Ken- tucky ; came to McDonough county in 1835. Charles C. Hungate, born in Washington county, Kentucky, in 1812, and came to McDonough county in 1833 ; was one of the early County Commissioners and County Judges. Harrison Hungate, born in Washington county, Kentucky, in 1810; came to this county in 18;)3 ; resides in Blandinsville. Caroline Hunter, born in Washington county. Kentucky, April 7, 1827: and came with her father, William Willis, to McDonough county in 1830 ; residence in Macomb. Samuel A. Hunt, born in 1817 in Washington county, Tennessee; came to this county in 1831. liesidence, Bushnell. Preston Huston, born in Blandinsville township in 183fi ; living there to the present time. Rigdon Huston, born in Blandinsville township in 1833 ; still resides in that town- ship. W. M. Huston. M. D., born in the county in 1828 ; resides in Blandinsville. John M. Jackson, born October 11, 1825, in Orange county. Virginia : came to McDon- ough county November 11, 1836 ; residence in Bardolph. James N. Jackson, born in Forquer county, Virginia, in 1830 ; came to this county with his father, Wm. H. Jackson, in 1836, and settled west of Bardolph. William J. Jackson, born in Forquer county, Virginia, April 15. 1872 ; came to the county in 1836. Settled at Wolf Grove. James Jarvis, born in Madison county, Kentucky, August 1, 1812 ; came to the State in 1829, and to the county in 1837. Besides in Tennessee township, John E, Jackson, born December 16, 1811, in Mason county, Kentucky; came to this county in 1837, settled near Middletown. Besides now in Tennessee township. N. H. Jackson, born in Orange county, Virginia, October 13, 1831; came to the county with his father, William H. Jackson, in 1836. Besides in Bardolph. Charles Kepple, born in Virginia in 1823 ; came to this county in 1834. Lived with his father one mile south of Bardolph. Robert Kepple born in Virginia, October 12, 1812: came to this county in 1832. Re- sides in Mound township. William H. Kendrick, born in Scott county, Kentucky, SeiDtember 10,1813: came to this county 1839. Residence now in Macomb. Dr. James B. Kyle, came to McDonough county, January 10, 1835. He was bom in Miama county, Ohio, September 20, 1808. Resides in the city of Macomb. Michael Lawyer, came to McDonough county, in 1837, settled on section 34, Tennessee townshiji, where he yet lives. He was born September 16, 1798, in Virginia. John Ledgerwood. born in Knox county, Tennessee, December 17, 1810 : moved to this county in 1836, and located on section seventeen, Emmet township. Nancj' Logan, born in Green county, Kentucky, January 13, 1802. and with her late husband, Elder John Logan, came tn this county in 1828. Samuel C. Logan, born October 24, 1822, in Simpson county, Kentucky : came to Mc- Donough county in 1828. Resides on a farm in Hire township. Margaret Morrow was born June 22, 1826, in Rhoan county, Pennsylvania, and came to McDonough county in 1834. Wife of Samuel Morrow, of Scotland township. John McCormack, an early settler of Bethel townshiiJ, was born in Maryland, August 21, 1789, and came to the county in 1835. Edward McDonough, born in this county on the fourteenth of Ajiril, 1832; resides in Macomb. James McMillan, of Scotland township, was born in Washington county, Virginia, August 14, 1822, and came to McDonough county September 25, 1835. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 599 Jolin Lilian, Jr., I) )rn (^.'tobsr l:>, 182t. in Dubois county, Indiana ; oarae to this county iu the early part of 182H with his father, the Kev. John Logan. Mr. Logan now resides on farm in Sciota township. Evan Martin, born iu Indiana, 1797. and came to McDonough in 1834 ; resides in Hire township. A. Y. McCord, born in Overton county, Tennessee, in 182.5 ; came to McDonough county in 1832, and settled in Emmet township. Samuel McCray, born in Warren county. Ohio, 181G : came to this county in 183G ; settled near Macomb. B. Mason, born in 1814, in Tennessee ; came to the county in 1836 ; settled on section twenty-eight. Bethel township. Benjamin L. McClure, Prairie City, born March 1. 1804. in Cumberland, Kentucky : came to this county in 1834. Michael McDonald, born in Boone county, Illinois, in 1829: came to this county in 1836 ; residence, Bushnell. William McKamy, born in Tennessee in 1810. emigrated to this county in 1834, and settled on section live. Industry township. William Moore came to the county in 183"), and settled on section thirty-one, New Salem township. Born in Monroe county, Kentucky, in 1802. Samuel F. Morris, born in North Carolina in 1816 ; came to McDonough county in 1836, and settled in section thirty-six, in Lamoine township. George W. Mustain, born in the State of Virginia in the year 1832 : came to this county with his father the same year. Besides on a farm in Blandinsville township. James A. Mustain. born in Pittsylvania county, Virginia, in 1829; came to McDonough county in 1832. Nathaniel Mustain. Place of birth. Pitt.sylvania comity, Virginia. Born in 1819, and emigrated to this county in 1832. Benjamin F. Naylor, bom in Adair county. Kentucky, March 15, 1801, came to this county in 1833, and settled in Macomb. John Patrick, born in Fayette county. Kentucky, January 1, 1810, and came to this county in 1835. Settled in Bethel township, and laid out Middletown. He resides in Macomb. Robert Peck came to this county in 1822, and resides in Industry township. He was born in Hardin county, Kentuckj-, April 24, 1824,. Catherine Painter, born in PeniLsylvania in 1804, came to the county iu 1831, and set- tled on Spring creek. Richard Pennington. l)orn in Monroe county. Kentucky : in 1814, moved to McDon- ough county in 1830, and settled on Camp Creek, now Peimington's Point, where he has resided ever since. Thomas J. Peimington, born March 15. 1810, in Monroe county ; Kentuckj-, came to this county in 1830. Mr. Pennington was one of McDonough's early settlers, and all through his life labored earnestly for the prosjierity of the county. He ser\'ed as a sol- dier in the Black Hawk war. For many jears he represented Industry township in the Board of Supervisors. He was esteemed as a worthy citizen by all who knew him. He died in 1876. Alfred Penningto7i, born in Schuyler county, Illinois, in 1827 ; came to the county with his father (William Pennington) in 1828. Resides in Emmet. Perry Penningtini. born in McDonough county, July 29, 1828 ; lives in Emmet town- shiji. George W. Provine was born May 5, 1813, in Clark county, Indiana. Came to this county November 20, 1835. Resides in Scotland township. William H. Phelps, born in Mercer county, Kentucky. April 20, 1819 ; came to Macomb in 1836. Margaret Phelps, wife of William H. Phelps, was born in Green county, Kentucky, on the thirty-fii-st day of October, 1819, and came to McDonough county with her father, Samuel Russell, in the year 1831. William B. Pile, born December 11, 1811, in Adair county, Kentucky ; came to McDou- <»ngh county in 1833, and resides in Industry township. 6(X3 HISTORY OF m'donough county. AViraham I'owers. born in South Harviircl. Vermont, in 182.") : came to this county in 18H4, and settled in Eldorado" township. James C. lioberts. born December It), IHli;, in Courtland county. New York : came to Macomb in 18;>7, where he still resides. G. E. Kobinson, born in Bond county, Illinois ; came to this cimnty in IS'M with his father, Matthew B. Kobinson, who was born in North Carolina in 17!*"). Settled on sec- tion thirty-six, Bushnell township, and was the first person to make a home in the town- ship. Darius Runkle, born Febriiary 10, 1813, in Champagne county, Ohio: came to McDon- ough county in 1887, antl resides in the southern part of Industry township. Hiram Russell, born in Green county, Kentucky. October 14. 181(1 ; came to McDonough county in 18;!1. John L. liussell, born December 8, 1808, near Campbellville, Green county, Kentucky : came to McDonough county May ,'>, 1832. Settled on and improved the '"JackGash" farm, one mile west of Macomb, for which he paid S|1.2.") per acre. Mary liussell, wife of John L. Russell, born near Springfield, Washington county. Kentucky, May Ifi, 181(), came to this county with her father, Wm. Willis, in 1832. who settled three miles southwest of Macomb. Merritt A. Russell, born March 1), 1815, in Green county. Kentucky, came with hLs^ father, Samuel Russell, to McDonough county in 1831, settling just west of Macomb. David SeyV)old, the subject of this notice, was boiii in Washington county, Kentucky, in 1805; emigrated to this county and settled in Blandinsville township in 1830; lived and died uj)on the old homestead entered forty-seven years ago. He departed this life August 1S>, 1877, aged seventy-two years, seven months and nineteen days. Thus the sturdy pioneers are one by one leaving us. James Seybold was born in Washington county, Kentucky, in 1816. and came to this coTinty in 1830. Joshua Simmons, born in Halifax county, Virginia, in JSOO; came to this county in 1835; settled on Spring creek. S. C. Simpson, born in Tennessee in 1811, came to McDonough county in 1835; loca- ted in Macomb. James B. Smithers, born December 27th, 1823, in Adair county, Kentucky; came to this county in 1833; residence in Macomb. Thomas T. Smithers, born January 2!), 1830, in Adair county, Kentucky; came to Mc- Donough county in 1833; now resides in Macomb. William W. Stewart, born August 15th, 1820, in Todd county, Kentucky: came to the State in lJi2!), and to the county in 1839; resides in Walnut Grove townshii). Jeremiah Sullivan, born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, February 18th, 1817; came to this county May 2, 1835 ; resides in Scotland township. George A. Taylor, born in -Henry county, Virginia, January Ifi, 1809; came to McDon- ough county in 1833; has held several county offices, among which were those of Sheriff and Supervisor: well known and universally respected; now lives in Industry, G. W. Thompson, of Bushnell township, was born in New York City in 1824; came to McDonough county in 1837, and settled on section twenty-five, where he now resides. John Twidwell, i)orn January 20, 1818, in North Carolina; came to this county in 183(>: located on section thirty-three, Lamoine township. Thomas Twidwell, born in Virginia in 1791: emigrated to McDonough in 1830: settled in section twenty-three, Lamoine township. Iverson L. Twyman, born November 29, 1814, in Barren county, Kentucky; came to- Macomb in 1836, where he still resides. Eleanor Vance, born in 1814, in Wilson county, Tennessee, and came to this county in 1830, and settled in Industry township. Benjamin Vail, born May 12,1813, in Ohio; came to this county in 1834; resides in Macomlj. Benjamin Waddle, born in Tennessee township, this county, in 1833; his father, John Waddle, came to this county in 1 833. John Mont. Walker, born April 29, 1819, in Adair county, Kentucky: came to this county in June of 1833. James R. Ward, born in Washington county, Kentucky, in 1823; came to this county in 1833: resides in Blandinsville. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 601 Horace Ward, honi in Washiiif^ton count}'. Kentucky, in the year 1H28; came to thw county in 1883; residence, Blandinsville. W. F. W'ayland. horn in Carroll county, Kentucky, in 182:5; canie to McDonough county November !), 18;J2. and settled in ChalmerH township. Thomas K. "Wilcox, Scotland township, was born July 7, 18,53, in Fayette county, Ken- tucky. Came to McDonough county Ai)ril.''). 18:5.'). James "Williams, born September 18, 1811, in "Washington county, Kentucky ; came to this county in 18:54. llesidesin Hire township. Quintus Walker, l)orn in Adair county, Kentucky ; came to McDcmough county in 18:50 and settled in Industry township, and was among the first settlers in "Walimt Grove township, where he still resides. Andrew H. Walker came to this county in 18:>0, and fen* many years has resided on section sixteen. Walnut Grove townshij). He was born in Adair county, Kentucky. Alexander Walker, born in Adair county, June 2i(. 1824 ; came to this county with hLs father. Cyrus Walker, in May. 18:5:5. Kesides in city of Macomb. James Willis, was born January .'5. 1819. in Washington county, Kentucky, and came to this county with his father. William Willis, in the early part of 1830. liesides in Macomb. John C. Willis, born in Washington county, Kentucky, November 22, 1824, and came to this county in 18:^0. Now resides in the city of Macomb. Martha K. Wilson, born in Jackson county, Tennessee, in 1804 ; came to this county in 1827 with her father, .James Vance, and settled in Industry township. Was married to John Wilson, October 30, 1828, being the first couple to marry in the county. Thomas F. Wilson, born hi Washington county, Kentuckv, in 1822 ; came to county in 1832. William S. Wilson, born in Washington county, Kentucky, in 1820, and came to this county in 1833. D. D. AVoods. born in Erie county. Pennsylvania, in 1821 ; came to McDonough county in 1831. Salem Woods, born in Madison county, New York, June 4, 1799. Visited this county in 1828. to look at the land he had bought the previous year. Did not move until 1831. He is now residing on the land he bought in 1827. WilUam S. Woodside. born in Washington county. Virginia, and came to McDonough county in 1833. James A. Woodside. born in Washington county. Virginia ; came to this county with his father. J. W. Woodside. in 1833. liesides in Blandinsville township, on a farm. John M. Wilcox, born in Carroll county. Kentucky, March 19, 1826 : came to thLs county with his mother in 183(5, and lived in Chalmers township. Mr. Wilcox now re- sides on section thirty-one, Mound township. James Williams came to the county in 1834. He was born in Washington county, Kentucky. September 18, 1811. Resides in Hire township. C. Wilson, born in Casev countv. Kentuckv. June 11. 1832. Came to this county in 18:^4. Edward Woods, born July 4, 1832 in this county. Kesides on a farm in New Salem. Mrs. Mary Yocum, wife of the late Stephen Yocum, born in Sumner county, Tennessee, in 1808. Came to the county in 1833. Settled in section nineteen. New Salem tjwnship. 602 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. CHAPTER XXXIX. MISCELLANEOUS, The foUowino; items ot information are of a general cbaracter^ and, for convenience, are grouped together in one chapter : STREAMS OF THE COUNTY. Crooked Creek. — What may i^roperly be termed the head waters of Crooked Creek are hard to-determine. In Prairie City townshi^j rises a small stream which has been known for fifty years as Drowning Fork of Crooked Creek. This stream passes down near the town of Bardolph, where it is joined by another fork, and the two combined form a considerable stream, which has been given the name Crooked Creek, from its being in fact what its name implies. In all the old maps published this stream is known as Lamoine river — a French word meaning The Monk. It is generally surmised, though not certainly known, that in the very early settle- ment of this country, when the French Catholics occupied it for the purpose of con- verting the Indians to the Catholic religion, the priests gave it this name. In the orig- inal field notes of the United States survey for McDonough county it is marked Lamine river. In its tortuous course through the county it passes through the townships of Prairie City, Bushnell, Macomb, Emmet, Chalmers, Tennessee, and Lamoine. In the early days a great many mills were erected upon this stream, but all have been torn down or left to the decay of time. Camp Creek. — An early settler camping upon the banks of this stream one entire sum- mer gave the origin of this name. The head waters are in New Salem township, where it passes on through Scotland, Industry, a^ij Bethel townships, uniting with Grindstone creek in the latter, and the two merging into Crooked creek near Lamoine. Orindstone Creek. — This stream was originally named Turkey creek, from the fact that at certain seasons, large flocks of wild turkeys were found there. A party of men from Schuyler county, finding upon its banks a good quality of stone for grindstones gave it its present name. Its head waters are in Eldorado township. It passes through In- dustry, and joins Camp creek in Bethel township. Troublesome Creek. — This is a small stream having its rise in Scotland townsliip, from whence it passes through Chalmers, touching Tennessee, and then into Lamoine town- , ship, where it joins Crooked Creek. A government surveyor, after making vain efforts to effect a crossing, remarked that -'it was the most troublesome stream he ever saw." Its banks are almost perpendicular its entire length, although the stream is but a few feet wide, and without bridges, it is a very "troublesome creek."' ^prinf/ Creek. — This is another small stream rising in Sciola township, i)a8sing through Emmet, joining Crooked creek on the line dividing the two townships. As its HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. G02 name implies, its origin or source is from springs bursting forth from the earth. Among other creeks of small size are Sugar and llock creeks, the former commencing in Eldorado township and passing out on the south. Name given, it is supposed, on accoimt of the number of sugar trees on its banks. Kock creek rises in Hire, and is so named on account of its rocky bottom, though running through the prairie. MatrimonidL — The subject of matrimony has always been an interesting one to the human race since the days of Adam to the present time, and doubtless will be until the angel shall stand with one foot upon the sea and the other upon the land and cry, "Time was, but time shall be no more." As showing how the subject has been dealt with here, we append the following statistics in relation to the number of marriage licenses issued each year since the organization of the county : Year. No. issued. Year. No. 1 issued. 1 Year. No. issued. 1830 1 12 11 17 24 24l 39! 39 52 44 68 57 i 52! 511 ISJfi 1 63: 70' 78 •?; 66 105' 91[ 119 124' 12l| 178 183 192, 190 1651 1862 182 lail 1847 1S48 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 176 \^A2. 233 1833 271 1834 356 1835 314 1836 331 1837 1869 1870 270 1838 248 1S39 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1871 275 1840 1872 251 1841 1873 234 1842 1874 279 1843 1875 273 1844 1860 1876 246 1845 1861 The above furnishes a grand total of 6,580 marriage licenses issued by the various clerks. Of the number some two or three were returned marked as executions placed in the hands of an officer are sometimes done, "not satisfied." , "Barkis'" was not always "willin." The greatest number issued in any one year was in 1866, the year after the close of the war. The "boys in blue" came home to fulfill vows long previously made. TABLE OF DISTANCES. The following table gives the distances by rail and wagon roads from Macomb, to the various towns in the county. The distances by railway are from the depot building in Macomb, to the depots of several towns ; the distances by wagon road are from the court house to the post office of each town. FROM MACOMB To— Rail Road. Wagon Road. Bardolph Bu.shnell I'rairie City... Colch>'Ster Tennessee Ilillsgrove Colmar Scottsburg-^' ... Good Hope*... Sciota* Blandinsville* Adair*.. New Pliiladelphla*. Walnut Grove* , Industry Middlelowu Doddsville 11'.; 9'.; m.J 21 17'.. 17'.: s 15 2-2^ 11 V4 13% 18 10% 7 15 12 13 17 12 10 14 Via Bushncll. 604 HISTORY OF M'DOXOr(;iI COUNTY. M DONOUGH COUNTY POETS. We had intended a chapter on the above theme, but the difficulty in securing sufficient data was greater than we anticipated, therefore we have to forego the pleasure. The most of the contributions for our local papers have been anonj'mously written, but we find several gems among the number that are worthy a jilace in its history. Following we give a poem by A. K. Owens, Esq., written at our request which speaks for itself : M'DONOUGH COUNTY'S PIONEERS. B Y A . K •• Of all the;dear hopes among men, 'I'hese are the sweetest in life ; A luijio ti)r sulvrttiou —and then A hiiifu; — for my child— for my wife." I. Coming out from the distant east, Out from the ocea)i's strand, Away from old (Miio's beech, Out from the Blucgrass land. II. Coming down from the sunny sloiies Of Virginia's mountains, The rocky dales of Old Vermont, Massachusetts' fountains. III. See— here a man, and there a man From glen, and dell and bay. With oxen, wagon, gun and hounds All wcstwarti take their way. IV. And now beside a grassy mound They're tenting on the green ; The thin blue smoke, where they are camped. Above the trees is seen. V. The night is gone ; the early morn Salutes the coming day : In dreams, last night— new hopes were born ! Again they're on their way ! VI. With faces to the setting sun, Their kin, their loves behind ; Their hope, their aim, their object one, Each, in each heart enshrined : VII. For nature's wish in ev'ry heart, Though often it may roam, Is still to have some hallowed spot That heart may call "Sweet Iloine." VIII. Then, what was toil, or, what was strife To sturdy souls like those Who saw the forest yield new life And blossom as the rose ? IX. Who saw the prairies robed in green Put on new life again ! I^eague after league their lands were seen In waves of golden grain. X. They heard the red man's barb'rous yell- Triumphant roll along, But, soon the hill-top and the dell Broke forth in Christian song ! XI. And where the little cabin stood. Half hid by shady bough. Stands towering up above the scene The stately mansion now. XII. And where the dark I>luc smoke arose From camp-fire's burning brands, Queen City of the Pioneers Macutub, in beauty stands. XIII. And, so in pride we gaze upon Her spires and her domes. We'll not forget the hands that raised Our humble childhood homes. XIV. But, as the days grow old and die ; As summers come and go, Our hearts return to oth>^r scenes. Of "Forty Years" ago! XV. To sugar camp where boiling down The garnered sap, again We listen to the deep mouthed hound (Close followed by the men) XVI. Cry long and loud upon the track Of some poor wounded deer, Whose doom is sealed— the rifles crack! Ah ! hear the hunters' cheer! XVII. The chase is done — the trophy won ; And breakfast waits at dawn ; 'Tis syrup stored— in thin scraped gourd, "Corn bread," and roasted J'awii. XVIII. No days are there like "early days," No real joy since then: Time robs us of our happiness As we lose faith in men. XIX. O blessed sports ! O by-gone years, O'er you old hearts yearn, And as our eyes grow dim with tears, To sadder scenes we turn ! XX. To grassy mounds, long years o'ergrown, By thicket and by thorn. Where, precious dust, our loved, ourown. Sleep till the coming morn. XXI. For many of the Pioneers Are camping on the shore Of death's dark deep, who.se tide of yeain Will wake them never more! XXII. Though some remain, tl.eir locks of gray Admonish us that still They're drifting from us day by day, Adown life's sunset hill. Sevkn Hii.i.s, Ills., March '20, 1877. HISTORY OF M'DONOUCiH COUNTY. 605 PAUPERISM. The following facts relative to pauperiam in the county will be found of interest : Since August 11, IHOo, one hundred and twenty-two persons have been admitted to tlie almshouse. Of this number 78 were born in the United States, 18 in Ireland, 4 in Germany, 1 in England. 8 in Scotland, 2 in Canada, 1 in Sweden, 2 in Denmark, and the nativity of 4 unknown. During this period .5 of the inmates have died and 83 dis- charged, leaving there at the present time 34 persons. In 1876 there were admitted 2a persons, and up to the first of August, 1877, a number still larger, viz, 29. The largest number admitted during any one month was in June of the present year (1877), when 10 were received. For the year 18G3 only 1 was admitted; 3 in 1804; none in 186.') or 1866 ; 3 in 1867 ; none in 1868 or 1869, and but one in 1870. Of the whole number ad- mitted, 85 were males and 37 females. The oldest perBon admitted was Charlotte Bacon, colored, the only one of her race ever received. At the time of her admittance, which was in February, 1864, she was 97 years old. She died February 5, 1876, at the very old age of 109, having a greater age than any person that has ever lived in the county. She came to McDonough county in 1832. The oldest man ever received waa Joseph Wheeler, admitted October 13, 1872, at the age of 77 years. He is yet an inmate. The oldest man now there is John Scissils, who was admitted January 1, 1864, and is at present 87 years old. 606 HISTORY OF m'D0N0U(;H (OUNTY. CHAPTER XL. MACOMB. When John Baker erected his log cabin near where the high school building" in the fourth ward now stands, little did he think there would spring up around it a busy little citj, with all its varied industries. Time, in its unceasing round, brings many changes, and the wild prairie land, with its beautiful flowers, the perfume of w^hich was w^afted upon every breeze, is now dotted over wnth home-like residences, from the lowly cottage to the stately mansion — the homes of those who have prospered in this life. Elegant buildings, filled with products gathered from the entire world, surround a beautiful temple of justice; while the sound of the hammer and hum of machinery are heard upon every hand. Having a population which entitled them to the benefit of the act which authorized the organization ot counties, in the year 1830 the citizens of McDonough voted to organize. The present site of Macomb, being the centre of a county that was square, was selected as the place of meeting of the newly-elected Board of County Commissioners. On the third day of July in that year, the Board met and resolved, that "the present seat of justice be at the house of John Baker, and that for the present the same be known as the town of Washington." In December, Hon. James Clarke, one of the County Commis- Bioners, went to Springfield and entered the southwest quarter of section 31, in township 6 north, range 21 west. The Legislature of the State, about the same time, passed the following act, which was approved by the governor : AJ^ ACT to tdahliKli a perinanent scat cf JiiKticc for the County of McDonovgh. Section 1. Jie it enacted by the People of the State ONOU(iH COUJSTY. house \i\ the following year on West Jackson street, near where it is crossed by the railroad. AY. & II. Ervin l)uilt the first brick store. Lawsou, Parrott k Co., built the tirst three-story brick, on the site of the First Na- tional Bank building. Campbell k Garrett the thinl, the one now occupied by Loven Garrett as a grocery store. The Methodist Episcopal brethren erected the tirst church building, in 1836. In 1857 cholera raged for a time in the town, striking terror to the heart of many. Men, strong and hearty in the morning, laid in tliG embrace of death before night. Had it not been for a few brave, strong hearts the death rate would have been far greater than it was. These men, at the risk of their own lives, went to the house where death had entered and quietly removed the corpse and buried it without giving notice of the sad event to the terri- fied citizens. In this way the fears of the people were kept within bounds. This, we believe, w^as the onlj^ real epidemic that has ever visited this town. Macomb was incorporated as a city in 1856, bj^ the adoption of a charter similar to that of the city of Quincy. The first election was held on the eighth day of November in that year, and re- sulted in the election of John O. C. Wilson, as mayor, and James M. Campbell, alderman first w^ard, Joseph McCroskey in the sec- ond, William II. Randolph in the third, and Samuel G. Cannon in the fourth. These gentlemen were elected tor six months, or until the annual election, the first Monday in May. It has now been twenty years since its organization, and in that time no city of its size has made more permanent improvement, and none en- joys a better reputation. Its credit has always been first class, and its bonds would doubtless command a premium in the mar- kets of the east. We learn from the Mayor that he is constantly in receipt of letters of inquiry from the capitalists of the country in reference to its bonds, but he has only one answer to make and that is it has none in the market, that the city is governed on the principle "pay as you go." No bonds have ever been issued by the city, save in the instance of the erection of the high school building in the second ward, and of these only about $4,500 are now outstanding, and these would be redeemed if presented for payment. Not being due the parties prefer the interest which they draw to the face of the bonds. This shows conclusively HISTORY OF m'donough county. GU that tlic tiiiancieriiig of the city fathers has been excellent. A glance at the list of officers given in this article will show a good reason for this state of affairs. Notwithstanding the city has never been prodigal in its ex- penditures, it has yet never been niggardly. Improvements are constantly being made. During the past year (in 1875) gas has been introduced and lamp posts have been erected at all the prin- cipal corners and crossings adjacent to the business part of the city. A regular police force was organized in 1874, since which time there have been but very few instances of house-breaking in the city and two hundred dollars will probably cover every loss from this cause. More than one incipient fire has been stopped, and in the whole time but one fire obtained such headway be- fore discovery as to be impossible to extinguish it. The loss in this fire did not exceed ^200, it being the burning of a small barn. One of the duties of the police has been the arrest of all sus- picious characters. ISTone are allowed to remain in the city more than one night. Should a tramp make his appearance in the city he is at once escorted to the calaboose it night is approaching, or is immediately warned away if in the early part of the day. During the year over three hundred were provided with lodging and hurried off bright and early the npxt morning. In one night during the past winter twenty-one of this genus were entertained with food and lodging. The care given this class will account in a great measure for the safety of our citizens from the visits of burglars. One important thing the city yet lacks, and that is a well or- ganized fire department. It has so far in its existence been very fortunate in escaping the ravages of the fire fiend, but there is always danger, and that danger should be provided against. Business men more than pay each year in additional insurance the cost of maintaining an excellent and well-oflicered company. The sanitary condition of the city has always been excellent — no epidemic, save the one mentioned, ever visiting it. The Board of Health has usually consisted of three physicians, repre- senting various schools of medicine, with the mayor as an cx- officio member. The city works over thirty miles of street, and nearly the same in sidewalks, and has a large number of bridges and culverts to build and keep in constant repair. 612 HISTORY OF M'DONOlKiH COUNTY. The average expenses tor all purposes are about |17,000, $9,000 of which are for the schools, and $8,000 for all other expenses. During the past year, $"21,000 were collected, $4,000 of which were to be applied to the payment of bonds then due. As there is an assessment amounting to $1,500,000, this will make a little less than one and one-half per cent., which is the highest rate ever paid in the city. In relation to the standing of the city, we may say it never has to go abroad to borrow money. Capitalists at home arc ever ready and willing to advance all that is needed. No bond has ever yet been presented that was not promptly paid. Although but one railroad passes through its limits, tlie city has ever been willing to aid every practicable railroad project. In 1857, at the annual election, $25,000 was voted to the Rock Island and Alton Railroad; but as the road was never built upon the line projected (making Macomb a point), the monej' was never called for. A road giving an eastern outlet, or competing line east, would doubtless secure considerable aid from the city. Some of the peculiar advantages presented by the (;ity of Ma- comb may be summed np as follows : Public Buildings. — ISTo city of its size in the west can present finer public buildings. Among others we may mention the court house, which was completed in the year 1870, and which stands in the centre of the public square, and can be seen from every high eminence in the county. The building is of red brick with limestone trimmings, and is tire-proof throughout. From its dome a view of the surrounding country is had as far as the eye can reach. JSText, we mention the business houses. These are superior to those ot any city ot its size in the State. Brick blocks almost entirely surround the square, many of them possessing a very handsome exterior and interior appearance, and all of good size and adapted to the trade ot the place. Among the number is a handsome opera house capable of holding about twelve hundred persons. The school houses are the pride of the city, there being two large and handsome structures, with accommodations for about fourteen hundred pupils. One of these is situated in the Second Ward, and the other in tlie Fourth, or in the eastern and western parts ot the city, and both known as high school build- ings. The eastern one cost complete, including furniture, some $•30,000, while the western one, built at a later day, when material and labor was cheaper, about $20,000. The tirst was erected in FOURTH WARD SCHOOL BUILDING, .MACC)>n IIISTOUY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 013 1865, the city issuing its bonds for a term of years for §20,000 of the amount. Of this only about $4,000 remains outstanding. The second building was erected in 1874, and every dollar ot the entire amount paid, the city creating a sinking fund for that pur- pose, aiul having in the treasury every dollar before the comple- tion of the work. Two large hotels grace the square, one on the east and the other on the west. The Baptists, Congregationalists, Presbyterians, Universalists and Methodists have each good church buildings, the others being of but little value. Mercantile Trade. — The mercantile trade of Macomb is greater than any city or town of like size and character in the State. In dry goods, as large and varied stocks are kept by the dealers as those in cities five times its proportions. The reputation en- joyed by the dealers for selling their goods at bottom figures, is such that their trade extends for miles around, even taking in por- tions of the adjoining counties. In groceries the same can also be said. We would here call attention to the business notices of some of the leading firms elsewhere found in this work. Statis- tics of the trade may also be seen. Stock Trade. — There have been shipped in the last four years an average per year of 237 cars of hogs and 125 cars of cattle from this place, which we regard as a very good showing, considering the many shipping points around it. Grain Trade. — There are about 300 cars of grain shipped per year, or an average of one car per working day. Manufactories. — A goodly number of manufacturing establish- ments are in the place, affording employment'to a large number of hands, and doing much to advance the interests of the place. These manufactories are noticed under appropriate heads else- where. Public Schools. — This is another matter in which the citizens of the place take an especial pride. In 1866, on the completion of the high school building in the second ward, Prof. TI. 11. Smith was employed by the Board of School Directors, as Principal, at a salary ot .51,500, per year, to take charge of our schools. Tiiis was a new departure, and bitterly opposed by some of our citizens, who thought it an outrageous sum to pay a man for only six hours work per day, as tliey said. "When Mr Smith began his work he introduced the graded system, and also effected au almost entire H— 39 614 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY, chanf^c in the text books then in use. This compelled the purchase by many of a number of new books, and the setting back of many scholars in some of their studies, in order that they might conform to the grade. This created additional excitement, each parent denying the right of the teacher to set his child back, thus compelling a review of a study already gone over. Many complaints were made to the professor, and for days he was interviewed hourly by indignant parents. The expense of the purchase of new books was said to be enormous, when it was an undeniable fact it cost the majority of parents less money to buy the entire new outfit than it would have done had the old series of text books been retained — the new having been introduced at half price. But Mr. S. continued on the even tenor of his way, "being reviled, he reviled not again," knowing that in due time the system would be approved by all. The wisdom of his course has now been fully shown. For ten years the system has been tried and with the best results, and there is not a parent in the city that has given the subject any thought but will acknowledge it is the better way. There has been an average of twelve or fourteen graduates each year since the third, and the greater part of the teachers now employed in the schools of the city, or that have been employed for seven years, have been graduates. The €ourse of study has been as thorough as in any of the academies of the country. Prof. II. II. Smith continued as Superintendent for three years, succeeding in the perfect organization of every de- partment of the public schools. lie was succeeded by Professor M. Andrews, who occupied the position for five years, resigning the same that he might accept a like situation at Galesburg, in this State, at a higher salary. Mr. Andrews, without doubt, is •one of the most efficient Superintendents in the State, and success cannot but crown his efforts wherever he goes. His absence has been deeply felt in this city. Trofessor Shedd next succeeded, serving two years. He was followed by Professor C. C. Robbins. Professor Robbins has long been a resident of this city, but for several years past has occupied a like position in the public schools of Rushville, Knoxville, and other places, positions which he has filled to the satisfaction of his patrons. Churches. — There are ten Churches in the city, each endeavor- ing to point out the way of salvation ; the religious influence of the communit}^ is, therefore, of the best. The denominations represented are as follows: Methodist Episcopal, Baptist, Cath- IIISTORV OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 615 olic, Christian, Cougregationalist, Universalist, Presbyterian and Lutheran. The Cumberland Presbyterians had formerly a fair congregation of believers, but for some years have held no service. The combined value of the Church property is about §50,000. The membership is about 1,300. Connected with their Sunday Schools are about 1,000 scholars. The schools of the city have quarterly conventions at the close ot every quarter of the Inter- national Sunday School Lessons, the meetings of which are quite interesting and profitable. Other statistics, under this head, may be seen in another chapter. Description of Hirjh School Buildixg in Second Ward. — This building was erected in 18G5, at a cost of $29,000. It is situated on the north side of Calhoun, between Dudley and Madison streets. The architectural design is plain throughout. The plana were drawn by G. P. Randall, of Chicago, and the work done by the cit}"-, superintended by W. O. Thomas. The building is 53x94 feet, two stories, with basement, and contains six rooms 26x33 feet, a chapel 48x50 feet, library room, closets, and halls. It is Jieated by steam, the engine for that purpose being in the base- ment. There are two entrances to the building, one each in the center ot the south and north sides. These entrances open into a hall, from which a stairway leads to the second story. The recitation rooms are each thirteen feet in height, while the chapel is sixteen feet, and all are well ventilated. The basement of the building is constructed of limestone and the main walls of red brick. A belfry arises from over the main entrance, in which is placed a bell weighing twelve hundred pounds. Although the building is not showy, it presents a neat, substantial appearance, and is an honor to the city. The accompanying illustration will give one a very good idea of its appearance. Description of School Building in Fourth Ward. — This building stands upon the corner of Washington and Johnson streets, and was erected in 1874 by W. O. Thomas, of Macomb, who was likewise the architect. Its entire cost, including furniture, &c., was about $20,000. It is quite showy, and yet neat and well pro- portioned. The basement is of limestone, while the main walls are of red brick. It is in height two stories, with basement. A finely proportioned belfry surmounts the main front, in which is placed a bell weighing 900 pounds. There are three entrances — one each on the cast, north and south sides. The recitation rooms, of which there are six, arc in size 25x33 feet; those on the 616 HfSTOKY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. first floor being in heiglit 14 feet, while those on the second floor are 16 feet, each being provided with the best modern school fur- niture, and every appliance that would aid one in acquiring knowledge. The ventilation is well provided for, which will cer- tainly be acknowledged of great importance. The basement is used for storage, fuel and heating purposes, an engine being placed therein which heats the entire building. Everything in connection with the building is in good taste, and reflects great credit upon the city and its architect, W. O. Thomas. The record book, containing the proceedings of the Board of Trustees of the town of Macomb, is either mislaid or lost, so we have been unable to obtain the names of all the officers of the town. In looking over the old papers we discovered the poll books of several annual elections, and give the names of such of those we could find who were elected Trustees, and the year each served : 1849- Win. n. Randolph, A. S.Bonham, C. A. Lawson, T. J. Beard, John P. Head. 1860 — Win. H. Franklin, Richard W. Stephenson, John P. Head, Win. L. Broaddus, Joseph E. Wyne, Chas. Chandler, Wm. T. Head. ]a52— B. R. Hampton, C. A. Lawson, J. M. Major, J. P. Updegraff, C. W. Dallam. 185:}— Thompson Chandler, J. E. Wyne. J. L. N. Hall, W. S. Hendricks, J. M. Martin. 1854— J. L. N. Hall, J. M. Martin, J. E. Wyne, Thomas J. Beard, C. A. Lawson. 1856— Abraham Rowe, J. E. Wyne, T. J. Beard, J. L. N. Hall, Garrett Bonham. The following named gentlemen have served the city of Ma- comb in the ofiices named and for the years given. We begin the list with the city's organization, and include each year to 1877 : 1856 — Mayor, John O. C. Wilson. Aldermen— 1 . M. Campbell, First ward ; Joseph McCroskey. Sec- ond ward ; W. H. Randolph, Third ward ; Samuel G. Cannon, Fourth ward. Clerk— Jl. E. Worsham. Attorney — H. E. Worsham. Marslial — G. L. Farwell. Treasurer — F. D. Lipe. \SJl— Mayor — J. P. Updegraflf. Aid ermeio— James Ciark, First ward ; Wm. L. Broaddus, O. F. Piper, Second ward ; Wm. H. Franklin, Third Ward ; T. J. Beard, Fourth ward. CVert— Carter Van Vleck. Attorney— C. Van Vleck. Assessor and Collector— 11. E. Worsham. Marshal— G. L. Farwell. Treasurer--G. W. Smith. IKSr—Mai/or—J. P. Updegraff. Aldermen— Chas. Chandler, First ward ; O. F. Piper, P. Hamilton, Second ward ; W. E. Withrow, Third ward ; W. P. Borrett, Fourth ward. Clerk and Attorney — L. H. Waters. Assessor and Oollcctor—J. H. Cummings. Marshal— Vf. L. Broaddus. Treas- urer — G. W. Smith. 1.850— .Va!/or — James D. Walker. Aldermen— Joseph Burton, First ward ; Jo.seph E. Wyne, Second ward; George M. Wells, J. L. N. Hall, Third ward; Samuel G. Cannon, Fourth ward. Clerk and Attorney— (ieorgc Wells. Assessor and Collector— J. H. Cummings. Marshal — G. W. Smith. Treasurer— J. B. Cummings. 1860— 3fa.vor— Charles Chandler. Alderman— W. H. Neece, First ward ; R. H. Broaddus, Second ward; J. L. N. Hall, Third ward ; H. F. Chase, Fourth ward. Clerk and Attorney— George Wells. Assessor and Collector— C. M. Ray. Marshal— G. W. Smith. Treasurer— \W. W. Provine. 1(^)1- Mayor— J. B. Kyle. Aldcrmcn—John Knappenbcrger, First ward ; Iverson L. Tywman, Sec- ond ward ; T. M. Jordan, Third ward ; Loven Garrett, Fourth ward. Clerk and Attorney— George Wells. Assessor and Collector— C. M. Ray. Marshal— G. L. Farwell. Treasurer— W. W. Provine. IS^'l- Mayor— B. F. Martin. Aldermen— J. H. Baker, First ward ; Elisha Morse, Jr., Second ward; Lorenzo Clisby, Ihird ward; Wash Goodwin. Fourth ward. Clerk and Al/orney—GeoTg& Wells. Assessor and CoUcclor—C. M. Ray. Mars'ial— John Q. Lane. Treasurer— Vf . W. Pro vino. HISTORY OF M'dONOUGH COUNTY. 617 1863 — Afaj/or— Edward A. Floyd, ^((fcrmen— Alexander Mcliean, First ward; R. L. Cochran, O. P. Piper, Second ward; W. K. Wilhrow, Third ward; S. F. Lancy, Fourth ward. Clerk aiid Attorney— Geo. Wells. Assessi/r and Collector— John L. Anderson. Ma<-8hal—J . I'. Updcgraff. Treasurer— W. W. Provine. 1864— ifoyor —T. M. Jordan. .dJrfer/yien— Joseph Durr, First ward ; James Anderson, Second ward; Ivorenzo (Uisby, Third ward; John Penrose, Fonrth wanJ. Clerk— VI. E. Withrow. Attorney — C. F. Wheat. Asaessor and Collector — ChaunceyCii.se. Marshal — Chauncey Ca,se. Treasurer — M. T. Wiuslow. 1865 — Mayor — T. M. Jo'dan. Aldermen— .] . W. Blount, First ward ; R. L. Cochran, Second ward ; J. P. UpdegrafT, Third ward; James Brown, Fourth ward. Clerk — W. E. Withrow. Attor- ney — C. F. Wheat. Asscasurand Collector — John E. Lane. Marnhal — John E. Lane. Treanu- rer— M. T. Winslow. 186f — Mayor— J. M. Martin ; Aldermc7i-S. G. Wadsworth, Fir.st ward ; W. F. Bayne, Second ward; W. S. Hail, Third ward; R. J. Adcock and E. B. Hamil, Fonrth ward. Clerk— W. E. With- row. Attorney — C. F. Wheat. Assessor and Collector — John E. Lane. Marshal — John E. Lane. Treatfurer—M. T. Winslow. 1867 — Mayor — T. M. Jordan. ^Mfj'mert— J. W. Blount and G. H. Bane. First ward ; R. L. Cochran, Second ward ; Wm. Venable, Third ward ; E. B. Haniil and John Shutes, Fourth ward. Clcrk—W. E. Withrow. Attorney— Ass. Malteson, Assessor and Collector — T. B. Maury. Marslial— Thomas Galfrey. Treasurer — M. T. Winslow. 1868— ifaj/or— J. P. Updegraff. Aldermen— \V. H. Hainline, First ward ; O. F. Piper, Second ward ; Edward Wells, Third ward ; J. W. Mcintosh, F"ourth ward. Clerk — W. E. Withrow. Attor- ney— C V. Whc&t. Assessor and Collector— H.W. dash. ifars/iaJ- G. L. Farvs'ell. Treasurer— J. H. Cummings. 1860— Mayor — Geo. K.Hall. Aliermen — J. T. Adcock. First ward; C. N. Harding, Second ward; Wm. Venable, Third ward ; T. L. Kendrick, Fourth Ward. OJerfc- W. E. Withrow. Attor- ney—Asa. Matteson. Assessor and Collector— i . W. Blount. ifars/iaJ— James A. Chapman. Treasurer — M. T. Winslow. 1870— ifaj/or— J. E. Wyne. Aldermen— T . Chandler, First ward ; J. H. Cummings, Second ward; A. B. Chapman, Third ward ; J. Durr, Fourth ward. Clerk— ^. F. Lancy. Attorney--h. A, Simmons. Assessor—] . W. Westfall. Collector— C. C. Chapman. Marshal— John Scott. Trea- surer — C. V. Chandler. 1871— Jfayor- J. M. Martin. Aldermen— B. F. Martin, First ward; John McMillan, Second ward; Thomas Gilmore, Third ward; J. W. Mcintosh, and S. F. Lancy, Fourth ward. Clerk— K. K. Bartelson. Attorney, Ira G. Mosher. Assessor, J. S. Gash. Collector— B. G. Wadsworth. 3/ars/ia/— John Hillyer. Treasurer— Q. V. Chandler. 1872— 3/ayor— Charles N. Harding. Aldermen— T. Chandler, First ward ; J. H. Cummings. Second ward ; William Venable, Third ward; James Gamage, Fourth Ward. Ciert— William E, AVithrow. yl«yrH«i/— William J. Franklin. Assessor— J. S. Gash. Collector— \S\i\is I. Twy- man. Marshal— John Hillyer. Treasurer— C V. Chandler. 1873— Jfaj/or- Alexander McLean. .^Wcrmen—S. Ross, First ward ; R. L. Cochran, Second ward; F. R. Kyle, Third Ward ; W. J. McClellan, Fourth ward. Clerk— V.. P. Pillsbury. Aitomey— E. P. I'illsbary. j4s.s-cs.s-or— Hugh Ervin. Collector— T. J. Martin. Marshal— G. Cheatham, William A. Greer. Treasurer— C. V. Chandler. 1874— Jtfayor— Alexander McLean. Alderme)i— John W. Cook, First ward ; J. H. Cummings, Second ward ; William Venable. Third ward ; James Gamage, Fourth ward Clerk— Ungh Krvin. Attorney— v.. P. Pillsbury. yl.s,scs.«or— Hugh Erviii. Co.Vertor— Henderson Ritchie. Marshal — Karr McClintock. Treagurer—C. V. Chandler 1875— Ifaj/or- .'Alexander McLean. .4/der)nc?i— William E. Martin, First ward; J. E. Wyne, Second ward; C. N. Harding, Third ward ; D. M. Graves, Fourth ward. Clerk— O. F. JPipcr. Attor- ney— K. P. Pillsbury. Assessors. C. Reynolds. Co/ector— Robert Brooking, itfars/ia/— Karr McClintock. Treasurer— C, V. (;handler. 1876— Jtfai/or— Alexander McLean. Aldermen— 'E. F. Bradford, First ward ; J. H. Cummings, Second ward ; D. Scott, Third ward ; James Gamage, Fourth ward. Clerk— O. F. Piper. Attorney— J. F. Franklin. Asse!>sor—ll. W. Gash. Collector— J. M. Martin, ifars/ia/— Karr McClintock. Treasurer— C. V. Chandler. 1877— 3/aj/or— .\sher Blount. .AWcrmew— William Martin, First ward ; Joseph E. Wyne, Second ward; John McLean, Third ward; W. O. Thomas, Fourth ward. C/crt— Lewis E. Wyno. Atiorvey—J. II. Franklin, ^s-^csi-or- Hugh Erwin, Co/tetor— Henry Shetterly. Marshal— Karr McClintock. Treasurer— C. V. Chandler. 618 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. From the McDonough Independent of Friday, February ^Tth^ 1852, we extract the following : A SIDE GLANCE AT MACOMB. As there seems to be of late a spirit of rivalry springing up in different sections of this State, and especially so in regard to the growing prosperity of villages and county xeati, we deem it not out of place to give a statement of the different branches carried on in our town, which certainly cannot be excelled by any seats of justice, notwithstand- ing other neigboring villages call it a "one horse town.''^ The population at present is estimated to be about 1,000. The citizens are mixed — persons from almost every State in the Union ; we have a few Irish, English and German citizens among us, however : the majority of our citizens are natives of Kentucky and Virginia. In regard to the liberahty of our people, we not only challenge the State, but crtdtiini to excel them. We have here four Benevolent and Charitable Institutions, all in a prosperous condi- tion, viz. : One Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons, one Union, Daughters of Temper- ance, two Divisions of the Sons of Temperance, and one section Cadets of Temperance. In regard to reHgious and intellectual advantages, we are not far behind others of our neighbors. There are several different denominations of Christians here, having three churches, one college with one hundred students, three day schools averaging one hundred scholars, one female seminary, having forty pupils, nine dry goods stores — average capital invested, about !|100,000 yearly — one drug store, one drug and book store, one hotel, several boarding houses, two clothing establishments, two family groceries, six practicing jjhysicians, several attorneys, two general land agency offices, one steam card- ing and fulling establishment, one bakery and confectionery establishment, one segar and tobacco manufactory, one steam flouring mill, two saw mills — one steam and one horse power — two extensive lumber yards, lots on hand, one tannery, three harness mak- ing shojis, two shoe and boot shops, two tailor shops, two merchant tailoring establish- ments, eight blacksmith shops, two plough-making shops, one carriage and wagon estab- lishment, seven carpenter shops, one furniture and cabinet shop, one chair manufactory, one bedstead manufactory, one wholesale and retail stove and tin store, one threshing and saw mill manufactory, one hat manufacturing establishment, one cooper shop, one printing office, with a large and extensive book and job office attached. No babbeb shop at present. There are in full growth and cultivation, iu and near town, four extensive nurseries, containing choice collections of fruit trees. By examining the above list of establishments in this place it will be readily perceived that our advantages are superior to many other and older inland towns, and, should the contemplated railroad be completed — taking the location of the county, the salubrity of the soil and healthy location — there will be no town in the military tract able to come in competition with us. In bringing up this statement we are actuated by no will of boasting, but merely to state facts as they are, and, if in our power, humble as it may be, of inducing mechanics and others to " seek first their own interests " and act accordingly. We have ample room yet left in our village, and we are confident that property holders here and throughout the county will dispose of land at a fair and reasonable rate to those wishing to buy. There is in connection with our town mail facilities, many of which are not afforded to other towns in Illinois. We have four weekly mails — two semi-weekly and two tri- weekly, and as honest an old " Boss " to superintend the post office department as can be " scared " up in the union. Macomb is situated in the centre of the county — the limits extending twenty-four miles across, and is equi-distant between the Illinois and Missis- sippi rivers, thus affording great inducements to travellers to visit us, and of receiving communications from distant friends. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 619 We intend in future, if able to procure the necessary statistics, of publishing a true statement of the rise and history of McDonough county from its first survey and loca- tion, and also of giving statistics of each town within the county, population at present, manufacturing and mechanical advantages, etc., which each possess. In 1867 the city was made a Supervisors' District, and given two members of the County Board of Supervisors. Up to this time the city's vote was divided up into the four townships on which it is situated — Macomb, Emmet, Chalmers and Scotland. By an act of the Legislature this was changed, with the result as stated. The following named gentlemen have served on the board : J). G. Tunniclilf, James B. Kyle, B. R. Hampton, C. N. Harding, James M. Campbell, William Ervin, C. V. Chandler, W. II. Hainline, Thompson Chandler, James Gamage. The two eastern wards of the city elect a Supervisor, and the two western wards an Assistant Supervisor. The eastern part of the city being strongly Republican, always elects one ot that party to represent them on the Board. The western part, being Demo- cratic, sends one of that faith as their representative. The fact that several of the foregoing gentlemen have served two or more terms will account for the small number of names given. In the new City Directory, compiled by James W. Beasly, we find recorded 1,224 names ; counting three and one-half to each name, which is a very small estimate, we have 4,284 inhabitants in the city. There are twenty-four Smiths ; seventy-six whose names begin with Mc ; 164 beginning with S ; 149 beginning with W ; 147 beginning with M, and 112 beginning with C. Among the live firms in the city we would call attention to the following : Thomas Fhilpot. — This gentleman first established himself in business in this city in 1863. In company with D. W. Hawkins, Esq., he opened a gallery on the southeast corner of the public square, and almost from the first his success was established ; and from that day forward there never has been a time when he could not find plenty to do in his chosen profession. In 1871 he sold the gallery to another party, and removed to Galesburg, but only remained there a few months. Disposing of his interests there, he looked around for another location; visited several good towns and good cities throughout the West, and, finding he could do no better, returned to Macomb and fitted up a new gallery on the north side of the square, over the clothing store of S. J*. Dewey, and in one of the best locations in the city. Here his old patrons 620 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGII COUNTY. returned in great numbers, and in a very short time he again en- joyed a run of work as large as ever. The secret of his success lies in the fact that he is a No. 1 artist, and has pride in the work which he does, whether it be a small gem or a large photograph finished in water color or in oil. No better work is done in any gallery, east or west, and satisfaction is guaranteed in every in- stance. Occupying a suite of rooms in the most eligible part of the city, we find them fitted up in a handsome manner, good taste being displayed in all things pertaining to their internal arrangement. It is really a treat to take a look through the gallery, examining the various specimens of work on exhibition ; whether a card photo or one of life size, excellence is written thereon. Mr. Philpot, as we remarked before, takes pride in the character of his work, and desires to give satisfaction to ever} one — and he will give it. Special attention is given to copying and enlarging old pictures. Mr. Philpot has made a specialty of this class of work for some years, and can take any kind of picture, however old or worn, and re-touch, copy and enlarge to any size from 8x10 to 22x26 inches. Those desiring this class of work should not fail to call and see specimens and learn prices. Pictures finished in India ink or water colors, and at prices far below those of other galleries for the same grade of work. Visitors to the city should make it a point to drop in, see specimens, and leave their order. Gallery on north side of square, over McClellan's clothing store. Joseph T. Adcock. — Everybody knows Joe, one of the most pop- ular dealers in the city of Macomb. Coming to this city about the close of the war, and as soon as he recovered from wounds re- ceived in that "little onpleasantness," he opened a stock of gro- ceries and provisions, and from that time to the present he has engaged in the same line of trade, and, we are pleased to add, success has crowned his every effort. lie is now on the east side square, corner East Jackson street, and has in stock one of the finest stocks in the city. Joe always has his eyes and ears open and knows what is going on in the world, and everything in the grocery and provision line that the market aftbrds can always be found in his establishment. Clover, timothy and other grass seeds arc a specialty with him. Remember Joe T. Adcock when in want of any of the above named goods, and when having any- thing in the provision line you want to sell. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 621 Welch & Thornton. — Few men, in the same length of time, have become better known and made more friends than the above named gentlemen. The senior member of the firm, Mr. George S. Welch, is a son of one of the first settlers of the county, but who only came to this city in the fall of 1874. Having previously had a taste of the book business, he desired again to embark in that line of trade, and at once purchased the stock and good will of J. C. McClellan, Esq., then in business on the northeast corner of the square. With characteristic energy he began to push, and soon had a run of custom of which he had reason to be proud. It was his determination that his establishment should be the "boss house." How well he has succeeded, let his numerous patrons testify. In 1876 he received as a partner Mr. Anthony Thornton, who for two years past had filled the position of County Treasurer in a very acceptable manner, and a man as much respected as any in the county. With capital increased the firm branched out more extensively, and in the spring of 1877 purchased the large brick building which they now occupy, on the northeast corner. Their stock is at all times large and com- plete and worthy the attention of all. Martin k Sons. — The senior member of this firm began business in Macomb as a cabinet maker, and for a number of years manufactured all the furniture that he sold. That his work was iirst class many of the old settlers of the county will testify, and the well preserved specimens of bis work, in silent language will speak no less clearly and unmistakably. He brought to the town the first general stock of furniture, since which time he has been constantly engaged in the trade. He afterward received as a partner, his son, William E. Martin, since which time the firm has been known as B. F. Martin & Son. The stock and trade of the firm has been constantly increasing from that date to the pres- ent time, even while the financial affairs of the county were much depressed. The firm now occupies a room in the Opera House block, near the northeast corner of the square, the main sales- room of which is 20x60 feet with storage room in the rear the same size, while on tlie second floor they occupy two rooms, 40x60 feet, and every inch of the room above and below being crowded with a stock of goods equal to any in the Military tract. Venahle Bros. — In 1860, John Venable came to Macomb, and on the southwest corner of the square opened a stock of woolen goods and engaged in the purchase and shipment of wool. The 622 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. location not being suitable, he soon moved to the north side on the site of his present handsome brick. Adopting for his motto, "Good goods, quick sales, and small profits," he began a business career which has been very honorable and we trust profitable to himself. He has since built a large brick store room thirty by sixty feet, and disposed of his interest in the trade to his sons, William, James C, and John W., who now compose the firm of Venable Bros. For a number of years the firm dealt exclusively in woolen goods, gaining a reputation to be envied for the su- perior quality of manufacture which they offered for sale. The senior Venable had many year's experience in the manufacture of woolen goods and therefore was well qualified to judge whether an article ofiered him was "shoddy" or not,and never permitted him- self to purchase the former at any price. The reputation gained by the father is well maintained by the sons,and the knowledge of the fact that an article came from Venables is a guarantee of its good quality. The firm added to their line of woolen goods a complete stock of staple and fancy dry-goods, and notions, and to-day car- ry a stock second to none. The same uniform good quality is maintained in this department as in the line of woolens. While the firm never suffers itself to be undersold, it has always carried a line of the best goods in the city. Kenner & Brooking. — This firm has been in existence but a few months, and is composed of William L. Kenner and A. V. Brook- ing, the latter of whom is as well known as any man in McDon- ough county, being an old settler and having done business here for many years. Mr. Kenner, though not so well known, has many friends, and is a pleasant and agreeable man to deal with. For several years past he has engaged in farming, and in that business been eminently successful. He now returns to the city and engages in a trade in which he has had several years' exper- ience. The firm are successors to the well known clothiers, Major k Trotter, who made an excellent reputation and had a good run of custom, transacting their business in the only honorable way — one price to all. Boy and man were treated just alike, and one could buy just as cheap as the other. The new firm propose to continue the same style, believing it will be more satisfactory to customers, as it is well known that "one price" must be the lowest price. All are invited to visit their store and examine stock and prices. You will find gentlemanly waiters and goods always at bottom prices. HISTORY OF m'dOKOUGII COUNTY. 623 W. 31. Iji.pe. — This gentleman is another old settler ot this county, and is as well known and has as many friends as any in it. We speak of him as being an old settler, which is true, but it does not necessarily follow that he is an old man. Far from it; he is- in the prime of life, and doubtless will live many years. Mr. Lipe came to this county with his father in 1834, and lived upon a farm for a number of years, then becoming a resident of this city,, and the greater part of that time being engaged in the retail grocery trade. His first experience in that business in this city was on the old Campbell corner, and after trying his hand in other locations he has again returned to the old corner, where he has, in a verj' short time, built up a trade second to none in the city. Should we be asked the reason for his success, we should reply that he keeps a good, clean, fresh stock of goods, he is never undersold, and is pleasant and accommodating to all. Occupying one of the most eligible locations in the city, keeping his stock full, and treating all alike, it is therefore not to be wondered that he does a thriving business. May it never grow less, but increase as the days go by. A. P. Wetherhold. — A business career of nearly a quarter of a century will either bring a man to ths front or send him far to the rear. In business there can be no middle ground for a man to occupy, he must either go forward and keep abreast of the times, or be distanced in the race by his more enterprising neighbors. Day by day we see dropping out of sight those who were once thought to be enterprising business men, but who neglectful of the opportunities presented to them, failed to secure that success which seemed to be within easy reach. The gentleman whose name heads this item has for many years been a resident of this city, and in various enterprises has become identified with its growth and prosperity. Although a good business man, and one that looks closely to his own interests, he yet does not allow his mind to become wholly absorbed in these matters, but in other things in which the people are interested, he takes an active part, and in this way he has brought himself into notice and secured the affection and good will of thousands throughout McDonough and surrounding counties. But it is as a business man we have to deal with him in this article. As remarked, it has been nearly a quarter of a century since he first began business in this city, his first location being on the east side ot the square, corner of east Jackson street and the square. Here he remained for some years, 624 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. when be removed to the north side, and from thence to the north- east corner, where he established a splendid trade. It has been but a short time since he removed to the south side, in Cottrell's block, where he may now be found, and where has been fitted up for him rooms especially adapted for his trade. He occupies here two floors, the first as a general salesroom, and the upper for the display of his carpets and general storage. A word with refer- ence to the trade of Mr. Wetherhold. The stock consists of staple and fancy dry goods, notions, boots, shoes, carpets, etc., and in each department he designs to carry a line of the best goods, and his reputation for superior goods has been made known far and wide. In the carpet department he carries the largest stock of any house in the county ,*making of this line of goods more of a specialty than any other house. Housekeepers should by all means examine his stock before purchasing. In otber depart- ments will be found the best of all goods which there belong, and at prices that will satisfy the closest buyer. Remember A. P. Wetherhold, south side. 7'. B. Smith. — This gentleman is well known throughout McDonough county as a contractor and builder, and can exhibit some of the finest work we have. Among the jobs lately com- pleted by him is the tine residence of Thomas Gilmore, Esq., one of the neatest and best pieces of work in the county. While Mr. Smith is capable of doing any work in his line, he is ever willing to work at reasonable prices, believing in the motto, "Live and let live." Those designing to build, or having carpentry work of any kind to be done, should firet receive an estimate from Mr. Smith. James Gamage. — This gentleman came to Macomb in 1862, and has since been a resident of the city, and engaged in one line of trade — that of a market for the sale ot fresh meat, fish, oysters, etc. From the first he secured a good run of custom, which in all the years has never forsaken him. Other markets have arisen and vanished away, but the old " Macomb Market " still exists, and will as long as Mr. Gamage remains at its head. Few men in the city have a firmer hold upon the masses of the people, and, when ill nomination for office, he invariably runs ahead of his ticket, receiving the votes of many of the opposition. Mr. Gam- age has served for some years as a member of the City Council of the City of Macomb, and at present is a representative in that bodv, and also is a member of the Board of Supervisors. In the HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 625 discharge of his public duties he brings to bear upon every ques- tion a liberal mind, capable of observing both sides of every question, and acting for the best interest of all. While he would study economy, he does not believe in being niggardly in expen- ditures for public good, realizing the old maxim that one can be " penny wise and pound foolish.'" In his private business ho exercises the same general care of all details, and therefore has been reasonably successful in his work. He is at all times in the market for the purchase ot choice beef cattle, for which he pays the highest market price in cash. He also purchases hides, pelts and tallow. Call at the Macomb Market, Campbell's corner^ Macomb, Illinois. J. 31. Martin st side of Lafayette near Carroll. Thomas, W. O., south side of Calhoun east of Lafayette. CIDER AND VINEGAR MAKERS. Brooking it Rowe. southeast corner of Campbell and Calhoun. Holmes, A., southwest corner of Washington and McArthnr. Pillsbury, E. I'., corner of Madison and Washington. CIGAR MANUFACTURER. Dawson. E P., north side of the Square. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 631 CITY SCALES. J. S. Smith, city weigher, southwest corner of the Square. COLLECTING AGENTS. McGan, P. H., second floor, west side of the Square. Mosher, J., Court House. CLOTHING AND GENTS' FCRNISHINO GOODS. Kenner & Brooking, 3, Bailey's Block, north side of the Square. MirClellan, J. C, 7 north side of tlie Sciiiare. Wilson & Fellheimer, 16 north side of the Square. Wald Bros., east side of the Square. COMMISSION MERCHANT. I'atrick, ('., north side of Calhoun west of Campbell. CONI'ECTIONEI!.S. Dalzell »fc Ilainline, cast side of Square. Dudley, J. C, No. 4, Opera House Block. Lane, Wm. B., east side of the Square. COOPEKS. Trull & Son, southeast corner of Randolph and Walker. DAIRYMEN. Case, M., north end Randolph. Pace, Thomas. DENTISTS. Downing & Bro., second floor Cotrell's block, south side Square. Whisseu, H. H., second floor, east side Square. DEESS AND CLOAK MAKERS. Cale Sisters, second floor Cotrell's block, south side Square. Cary, A. Mrs., 5 south Randolph. Dedrick, M. Mrs., 10 north Randolph. Jacobs, M. F. Mrs., 6 north side Square. Waller Sisters, eastside McArthur, north Jackson. White, M. A. Mrs., east side Square. DRUGS, PAINTS AND 0II>S. Delaney. P. H.. 14 north side Square. Ervin & .Son, south side Square. Keefer, George D. A Bro., northwest corner Square. Kyle, F. R., south side Square. Lane & Gore, east side Square. DRY GOODS. Bailey, George W., east side Square, corner Jackson, dealer in dry goods, boots and shoes. Bailey & Churchill, northeast corner Square. Hagerty, W. PL, 4 Bailey's block, north siamon, P. IC, northeast corner Sc-juare. McClellan, J. C, No. 7 north side Square. McKlrath, T., southwest corner Squ>'re. Randolph, B. F., No. \b north side Square. Twvman, H. C, agent, northwest corner Square. Wil'lson & Fellheimer, No. 10 north side Square. Wald Bros., east side Sqiuire. HIDES. Durr, J., south side Square. Gamrtt;e, J., west side Square. Wald Bros., east side Square. HOTEI,.S. Randolph House, southeast corner Square. A. V. Brookinsj, proprietor. St. Elmo House, west side Square, comer Jackson. A H. Shepherd, proprietor. HORSE BREEDERS AND DEALERS. Brooking, A. V., stable east Jackson. Gloyd, B. F., stables rear First National Bank. ICE. Gesler, J., corner Ranawrenco, R., Court House. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 633 Fioer, O. F., 4 north Randolph, second Uoor. Winslow, M. T., First National Bank. Wood, N. R , south end of Mechanic. Twyman, I. L., east Carroll, LAWYERS. Bailey, J. S., second floor, one door south of the First National Hank, west aide of the Sjuare . Cadwalader, C. M.. second floor northwest corner of the S(iuare. Campbell, L. F., residence north side of Jackson west of Johnson. Franklin, \V. H., second floor northwest corner of tlie Square. Franklin, J. II., over Union National Hank. Blazer, James M., office with C. F. Wheat. Campbell & Prentis,s, Campbell's Block. Foltz, J. H., Court House. McGan, P. H., second floor Campbell's Block, west side of the Square. • Mosher, J., itourt House. Neece & Baker, Court House. Pillsbury. K. P , over First National Bank. Tunnicllff, D. C, second floor Campbell's Block, west side Square. Walker. J. M., over First National Bank. Wheat, C. F., over First National Bank. LIVERY, FEED AND SALE .STABLE.*-. Brooking. A. V., south side of .Tackson east of the Square. Dodds, W. J., south side of Jackson west of the Square. French, S., southeast corner of the Suuare. LOAN AGENTS. Mosher, J., Court Hou.se. Winslow, M. T., office First National Bank. LUMBER. Bartleson & Gilraore, pIso Iliir, Lime and Cement, east side of Lafayette north of Carroll. Blount, A., also Hair, Lime and Cement, 31 south Lafayette. Penrose, J, & Bro., (native) southeast corner of Jefferson and Mc Arthur. MARBLE WORKS. Quin & Wilson, southwest corner Randolph and Carroll. MATTRES.S MAKER. Garrison, M. G., west Jackson. MEAT MARKETS. Adcock Bros., east side of the Square. Gamage, James, west side of the Square. Davis. W. H., north Randolph. Scott, L. W., west side of the square. MILLERS. Trull, & Son, southeast r-orner Randolph and Walker. Penrose, J. & Bro., southeast corner Jefferson and McArthur. Tinaley, N. P., east side Lafayette, north of Pierce. MILLINERY AND MILLINERY GOODS. ♦"Jary, A. Mrs., .") south Randolph. Jacobs, M. F. Mrs., (i north side Square. Good, S. C. Mrs., south side Square. White, M. A. Mrs., ea.st side Square. Broaddus, R. H. Mrs., east side Square. Ml'SIC AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS. Black, E. H., northeast corner Square. Kline, C, f> north side S(iuare. Welch & Thornton, northeast corner Square. MUSIC TEACIIER.S. Hall, M. E. Mis."?, 6G cast Washington. Hampton, William, 62 east C^arroll. Chamberlain. Annie Mrs., corner Johnson and Pierce, Harker, D. J. Miss, southwest corner Adams and Madison. Madison, Miss M., southwest corner Jackson and Madison. Marine, Rosa Mrs., Randolph House. NEWSPAPHRS AND PRINTERS. Macomb Independent, H. H. Stevens proprietor, Campbell's block, west side Square. Macomb Journal, Hamilton & Hainline proprietors, 8 north Randolph. Macomb Eagle, C. H. Whitaker proprietor, second floor II north side Square. NOTARIES PUBLIC. Baker, J. H., Court House. Cadwalader, C. M., second floor, northwest corner Square. Chandler, C. V., Fir^t National Bank. Eads, A., Union National Bank. Falkenthal, A. W., second floor Campbell's block, west side Square. McGan, P. H., Campbell's block. Mosher, J., Court House. 634 HSTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY, Neece, Wm. H., Court House. Tunnicliflf, D. G., second floor Campbell's block. Wheat, C. V., over First National Bank. Winslow, M. T., First National Bank. Withrow, W. E., Campbell's block. Broaddus, R. H., Mrs., east side Square. Stryker, E. C. Mrs., north Randolph. Donaldson, L. C. Mrs., north Randolph street. NOVELTY SHOPS. Harris, R. E. , 14 north Randolph. Stearns & Lipe, south side Square. NURSERIES. Hampton, D. S., (dealer) 29 west Jackson. Kendrick, W. H., west end of Pierce. Vawter, A. T. north Lafayetle. OPERA HOUSE. Chandler's, northwest comer of the Square. PAINTERS. Ashton, J. B., southwest corner of the Square. Avery Jaylor, Z. T., southwest corner of the square. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 635 SEWING MACUINES. Black, E, II. agent, northwest corner of theSquaie. Smith, J. A., agent. No. 10, Randolph. Damron, Wm., with E. H. Black. STEAMSHIP AGENTS. Chandler, C. V., First National Bank. Holland, L., Union National Bank. McLean, A., over Union National Bank MASTER IN CHANCERY. Bailey, J. S., second floor, first door south, First National Bank. SORGHUM EVAPOUATOR-MAKERS. Price, T. J. & J. M.. southeast corner Calhoun and Campbell. STOVES AND TINWARE. Mcintosh & Blount, north side Square. Wells Bros., north side Square. Fisher it Bro., (stove makers), west side of Randolph, north of railroad. tJcoit A: Cook, south side Square. TAILORS. Ilastie, W., sec.nd floor Holland's Block, Randolph. Kcruiiin, Wm., at Wald Bros., east side Square, McClellan, J. C, No. 7, north Side of the Square. >lilligan. G., east side of the Square. Phelps, Wm., second floor, northwest corner of the square. Strauss & Wilson, No. 16, north side of the Square. Venable Bros., No. 11, north side of the Square. Phelps, J. H., north side of the Square, Bailey's Block. TRUNKS AND VALISES. Lamon. P. E. north side Square, No. 2. Kenner & Brooking, north side Square, No. .". Randolph, B. F., ir>, north side .Square. UNDERTAKERS. Martin. B. F., & Son, 5 Opera House block. McElrath, J., southwest corner Square. WAGON SIAKER-S AND DEALERS. Brandon, J. F., & Co., southeast corner Randolph and Calhoun. Gribble, J. L., 26 and 2S South Lafayette . Imes, W. L., corner Carroll and Edvv'ards. Lancy, S. F., corner Corroll and Lafayette. Stewart & Price, corner Calhouu and Campbell. Lodge, A. IC. south Lafayette. WATCHES, CLOCKS AND .lEWELRY. Kline, C. ^ Bailey block, north .side Square. Seem & Broaddus, northeast corner Square. Stocker, L.. south side Scjuare. Wilson, J. IL, south side Square. (■HVRCIIES. Christian Church, north side Carroll, east of Lafayette street; Elder G. W. Mapes, pastor. Congregational Church, north side Carroll, east of Randolph street. Evangelical Lutheran Church, east side Campbell, south of Jackson street; Rev. G. H. Schnurr, pastor. First Baptist Church, south side Carroll, west of Lafayette .street ; Rev. J. L. M. Young, pastor. M. E. Church, west side Lafayette, north of Carroll street ; Rev. M. A. Head, pastor. Presbyterian Church, north side Carroll street, east of Square; Rev. J. Moore, pastor. St. Pa'ul's Catholic Church, soiith side Jackson, west of Johnson street; Rev. J. Tuohy, pastor. Second Baptist (colored), east side Lafayette, north of Carroll street. Second Methodist (colored), west side Square. Uuiversalist, east Jackson; Rev. B. N. Wiles, Pastor. CITY GOVERNMENT. Mayor, Ashur Blount: Clerk, L. E. Wyne; Police Magistrate, O. F. Piper; Attorney, J. H. Franklin; Treasurer, C. V. Chandler: Collector, Henry Shetterly; Assessor, Hugh Ervin ; En- gineer ana Surveyor. J. W. Brattle : Marshall, Karr McClintock; Policemen, Henry Chapman, and John Simmons ; Street Supervisor, G. B. Gash; City Weigher, John S. Smith ; Sexton, John Shannon. COUNCIL. First Ward, W. E. Martin, and E. F. Bradford : Second Ward, J. H. Cummings. and J. E. Wyne : Third Ward, John McLean, and 1). Scott ; Fourth Ward, W. O. Thomas, and J. Gamage. 636 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. BOARD OF HEALTH. Ashur Blount, President; Dr. W. O. Blaisdell, Dr. W. F. Bayne, and Dr. P. H. Garretaon, Mem- l)er8. SOCIETIES. MASONIC. (Flail third floor Holland's block, northeast corner Square.) Macomb Lodfie No. 17, A. F. & A. M., meets fir.st Friday in each month. Kyle Lodge No. ^53, A. F. & A. M., meets third Friday in each month. Morse Chapter No. I'J, A. F. & A. M., meets second Friday in each month. ODD FELLOWS. (Hall Gamage block. Second floor, 7. S. Randolph.) Military Tract Lodge No. 14.'), meet-s every Tuesday evening. Washington Encampment No. 39, meets first and third Thursdays of each month. MISCELLANEOUS. Good Samaritan Temperance Society, meets alternately at the churches, Sunday at 4 P. M. Macomb Literary Society, meets every Monday evening. Hall in Holland's block. Macomb Shooting Club, meets Campbell's block, west side Square, second Tuesday each month. McDonough County Stock, Agricultural and Mechanical Association. Fair grounds south end of Lafayette. HISTORY OV m'dONOUGH COUNTY 637 CHAPTER XLI. BLANDINSVILLE. In 1842 Joseph L. Blandin, the owner of the southeast quarter of section thirty-two, concluded to locate thereon- a new town, and for that purpose secured the service of Samuel Hunt, Esq., County Surveyor, who proceeded to survey and lay it off. To the place was given the name of Blandinsville, in honorof its founder. The neighborhood in which the town is located had long been known as "Job's Settlement," and was the second one in the county, William and Iraby Job having located here as early as 1827. Even for ten years after the town was located the people in various parts of the county would still familiarl}- call it by its old name. Ko sale of public lots was ever made, and no special effort made to push the town as is now customary. The first lots sold at from twenty-five to fifty dollars each. The town is very pleasantly situated, and various additions have been made to its territory, the first being by Thomas J. Davis, who had laid off the southwest quarter of section thirty- three ; after which we find additions recorded by William H. Grigsby and Thomas I. Sorter on section thirty-three, Joshua Dunham on section thirty-two, and Mr. Foster, northeast quarter section five, Hire township. The first dwelling house erected after the laying off of the town was by Charles K. Hume, who, together with Joseph C. Blandin, a son of the founder of the place, erected the first store building, the latter of which still stands, and is yet a good, sub- stantial building. It is in size eighteen by thirty-four feet, and is now used as a paint shop. Blandinsville is surrounded by as fine farming country as can be found in the State, and her growth has been uniform with it. No 638 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. efiort has ever been made to establish manufactories, and therefore the mercantile and laboring classes are dependent upon the trade of the farming community. The mercantile trade of the place has always been good, its business seemingly never to have been overdone. Among the many who have engaged in business here during the past thirty-iive years,\ve recall the name of S. J. Hopper, who came here about the year 1846, and for some sixteen or eigh- teen years enjoyed a very large trade. Mr. Hopper continued in business until elected sherifl'of the county in 1860, Avhen he re- moved to Macomb, remaining there until his death, which occur- red a few years afterwards. A. P. Hopper came about the same time, and for many years has been engaged in the milling busi- ness. Ed. R. Jones has been in the mercantile trade for a great many years. Others somewhat prominent were Harrison and Adonijah Ilungate, R. D. Hammond, J. F. Durant, Dr. Huston, Joseph L. Blandin, George W. Blandin, and many others. In the cause of education Blandinsville has kept pace with the rest of the county, her public schools usually being among the best. At an early date the United Brethren in Christ established in the place an institution of learning, to vvhich was given the name of Blandinsville Seminary. During the short period of its existence it accomplished much good. Not being financially a Buccesss, the building and grounds were sold to the village, and is yet used for school purposes. Until the completion of the Chicago, Burlington & Quiney Railroad, the town in its growth compared favorably with others in the county, after which its progress was not so great. The facilities gained by the others from the introduction of .the rail- road enabled them to gain greatly over her in population and wealth. Her leading citizens at once saw the danger to which she was exposed, and when the subject of coiistructing the Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw Railroad was agitated, they began at once to take steps to secure its location through their town. Del. Mar- tin, C. R. Hume, S. J. Hopper and others worked hard to this end. Although it was a number of years from the commence- ment of its agitation until finally completed, its friends never ceased their labors or seemed to weary; they entered upon the work with a determination to succeed in their efforts, and succeed they did. The town itself raised forty-five thousand dollars for the purpose. HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. 639 The building of the road was the salvation of Blandinsville. A new life and spirit seemed to animate her citizens, and im- provements began to be made upon every hand. Fine stone buildings were erected, new dwelling houses sprang up, old ones were repaired and otherwise improved. The slow-going manner of doing business gave way to the Young America mode, all of which has redounded to the advantage of the place. A compari- son of the little, one-horse stores of the early day with the mam- moth establishment of Dines Brothers, will show the great improvements made. The trade of the place to-day, exclusive of grain and stock, will amount to $500,000 per year. With respect to religious privileges, the town has as many ad- vantages as any in the county, there being large congregations of Baptists, Christians, Methodist Episcopal, and United Brethren in Christ, each of whom have fair church buildings, A historical sketch of each of these churches is given in the religious depart- ment of this work. Attention is called thereto. In the transaction of the business of the place we find repre- sented two agricultural implement dealers, one baker and con- fectioner, one bank, three barbers, four blacksmith shops, two book and stationery, three boots and shoes, two hats and caps, one clothing, one jeweler, two dentists, three druggists, five dry goods, two furniture, two grain dealers, eight groceries, three hardware, two hotels, one justice of the peace, tour lawyers, two livery and feed stables, one lumber yard, two meat markets, two mills, two millinery stores, one police magistrate, six physicians, three restaurants, three harness shops, one tailor, three wagon shops, four churches, three secret societies. BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 1877. AGRICUI-TURAL IMPLEMENTS. Clements, W. R., north Main Street. Conwell & Eduiotiston, south Main.Street. BAKERS AND fONKECTIONF.RS. Foley, J. M., south;Maiii Street. BANKER.^ MeVey & Pancake, Main Street. BARBERS. Kond, M. 51 ., south Main Street. Mc'Kall, .'J., south Main Street. Porter, Daniel, Main Street. 640 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. BI-ACK.SMITHS. Hughes. .1. M., one block cast of Main Street. Sauders & Sorter, south Main Street. BOOKS AND STATIONKEY. Fee, J. VV., south Main Street, (joodnight, T. IL, south Main Street. BOOTS, SUCKS, HATS AND CAP.'f. Alexander, David, Main Street. llollebaugh, W. H., manufacturer tjoots and shoes, north Main Street. Land & Co., W. B., Main Street. CLOTHING. Terry, M. A.j corner Main and Harrison Streets. CLOCKS, WATCHES AND JEWELRY. Bennett, L. .T., north Main Street. DENTISTS, Butler, W, O., north Main Street. Emery & Ferman, Main Street. Pond, A. B., Main Street. HuflF, F. M., South Main Street. DRY GOODS. Dines Bros., corner Main and Harrison. Gillam, J. & J. P., South Main Street. Hoflnian, J. R., South Main Street. McCord, W. H., corner Main and Jackson. Pancake, S. M. & Co., South Main Street. FURNITURE. Spielman Brothers, North Main Street. Wilson, A., South Main Street. GRAIN DEALERS Grigsby., W. H. Gamage, D. C. GR0CERIE.S. Coffman, J. M. mery, S. Main street. K. D. Hammond, Main street. H.Thompson, S. Main street. Huston, VV. M., Jackson Street. Hume, Charles R. S., Main Street. Fee, J. W. Foley, J. M., S. Main Street, (lardiier, \V. E., N. Main Sereet. Jones, E. R., S. Main Street. SADDLES AND HARNESS. Myers, J. M., S. Main Street. (Ion way, B., N. Main Street. Fowler, John W., N. Main Street, STATION AGENT. Butler, G. W., Agent T., P. :OU(iH COUNTY. In 1855, a frame school liouse was built, in size about 20x30 feet, on Clay street. The foUowint^ year the Presbyterians erected a church building, being the iirst in the town. Ezra Cadwallader erected the first building for hotel purposes — the City Hotel. Ill 1856, Alonzo Barnes, James R. Parker and Joseph Drake platted the first southern addition to the town, giving a lot to any one who would build a house thereon costing not less than one hundred and fifty dollars. Tliis had the desired efi'ect, inducing many to come here to make their homes. The place now grew so rapidly that it became necessary to incorporate as a town. Accordingly, on Saturday, January 10, 1857, a public meeting was held and the question voted for or against incorporation. Thirty- uine votes were cast for and five against. The proposition having been carried, an election was held on Saturday, January 24, at two o'clock P. M., for the purpose of choosing five Trustees, when the following gentlemen were elected: David Negley, L. II. Brad- bury, J. B. Robinson, George Hettle and M. T. Hand. A. Fisher was chosen as the first clerk of the board. A few days there- after the board met and adopted such ordinances as were thought ibr the best interests of the place. No town can be supposed to exist without a newspaper, so in the early part of this year, one was issued from this place. As an illustration of the rapid growth of the town, we copy the follow- ing communication which appeared in the Prairie City Chronicle under date April 23, 1857. "The rapidity w'ith which our beautiful village has grown must astonish th3 natives. Notwithstanding the opposition of two rival towns, it has far exceeded the expectations of its most sanguine founders. Where now stands the Presbyterian Church, with its spire pointing heavenward, the school house by its side, where the growing idea may learn to shoot; the large and commodious edifice erected and occupied by Messrs. Barnes & Fisher and L. J. Wash- burn, near the railroad, the Cope liouse, and a dozen other build- ings in which are carried on a general mercantile trade, and dwelling houses scattered over nearly a cpiarter section of land, with a family in every seven by nine room — I say, where now" stands all these, three years ago nothing was to be seen but the prairie grass waving in the summer breeze, with here and there a lowing herd, as they enjoyed the luxuries which nature had pro- vided for them." HISTORY OF m'j^ONOUGH COUNTY. G49 In 18o9 tliere was inaugurated an institution in this place which f^poke well ibr the early settlers of the town. We allude to the Prairie City Academy, started under the auspices of the Free Will Baptist Church. For several years the institution met with good success, students being attracted there from many of the ad- joining counties, and a bright future seemed before it, but for some cause dissatisfaction arose as to its management, and the town, which had a half interest in it, withdrew its influence and sup- port, and the church not being able to support it alone, it was com- pelled to suspend. The property was sold, the town becoming the purchaser, and it is now used for the purpose of a public school. With reference to the public schools of the place, the citizens take an especial pride, and not without cause. From the report of the superintendent of schools of the town we gather the in- formation that they are in a very flourishing condition, the general average in deportment, attendance and study being better tlian in any of the schools with which we are ac- quainted. The graded system was adopted a few years ago and has worked to the satisfaction of nearly everyone. There are three school buildings, known as the East, West, and Academy schools. In these schools for 187G, and 1877, were employed seven teachers, under the superintendency of Prof. .1. IT. Graham, an ^experienced and efflcient instructor and director, as follows: Sadie Hamilton, Assistant ; Miss E. J. A'ose, teacher in the grammer school; Miss Nancy Morgan, intermediate; Misses Lou Brink- meyer, Julia Barnes, and Addie Durham, primary. So far as we can learn all give good satisfaction. The average salary paid these teachers is $53 per month. Average number of pupils in attendance is 330. The following named gentlemen compose the present Board of School Directors : B. F. Bradbury, J. A. Ifam- ilton, and A. T. Irwin. Tiiere are five denominations of Christians having organizations in this village, viz : I'resbyterians, Missionary Baptists, Free Will Baptists, Congregationalists, and Methodists. Ea<;hof these have good comfortable church edifices. Taking into consideration the number and excellent quality of the schools, and the number of churches,with large and efficient memberships, it is not to be won- dered that Prairie City is a moral and religious town, and that temperance generally prevails. License has only occasionally been granted bv some of the Town Boards for the sale of intoxicating ()50 HISTORY OF m'doNOUGH COUNTY. liquors. In the early part of 1874, a saloon was opened by a Mr. Colwcll, the result ot which was evil, so much so as to attract tlie attention of the noble-hearted women of the town, and they de- termined, if possible to avert the danger ere it was too late ; ac- cordingly they presented the following to the Board of Trustees at a special meeting held March 6, 1877, which had the desired ef- fect : " We, the women of Prairie City, respectfully inquire whether if Mr. Cohvell now ceases to retail intoxicating drinks in Prairie City, you will return to him such part of the money he paid on his present license as will be the proportion for the time from which he ceases until the close of his term of license ? We regret exceedingly the necessity of our seeming in any way to interfere with the management of civil affairs in our village, but our hearts have been pained for months by the result of the liquor traffic to the unfortunate victims of intemperance and their defenseless families. The time has come, in our jadgment, when it should cease — must cease." Thus the efforts of a few resolute women, in their weakness accomplished what man, in his boasted strength, could not do. The old cemetery one-half mile north of town was used as a final resting place for the dead but a few yea^s, when, becoming too small, and no land adjacent could be purchased, it was thought best to purchase a larger tract, and therefore a five-acre lot was purchased one mile northwest of town, and is now known as the new cemetery. On the seventeenth day of December, 1873, a vote was taken for or against organizing as a village, under the general law of the State, resulting in its almost unanimous adoption, only four votes being polled against it. Under this law the village Trustees have greater power than is bestowed upon the town Trustees under the old organization. The first annual election for village Trustees occurred Tuesday, April 21, 1874, the following named gentlemen being elected as members of the board : T. Ij. !Magee, president; A. T. Irwin, A. Burr, J, Alex, Hamilton, J, S. Alexander and John T. Davis; clerk, R. D. Stevens. The first resolution passed by the board was in favorance. and the first ordinance was upon the same subject. The following named persons have since been elected members of the board of trustees: 1875 — J. E, Dunham, president; A. T. Irwin, J. F. Davis, HISTORY OF M'DONOl'tai COUNTY. 051 J. Alex. Hamilton, B. F. Bradbury, and A Lanpliere. 1870 — T. L. Magee, president; A. T. Irwin, J. It. Wilson, J. S. Alexander, .J.F.Davis, and AV. J. Randolph. C. W, Taylor is the present village clerk. I'rairie City has seldom been without its weekly paper. In April, 1857, B. W. Seaton began the lirst publication of the Prai- rie City Chronicle, which continued about one year, when it was merged into the Prairie Chief, and published in the interests ot the Good Templars. This sheet was continued but a short time. The next was the Prairie Chicken, a small seven by nine sheet, which soon took its flight to other regions. In 1869, the Prairie City Herald was established by Chas. W. Taylor. This paper has obtained a national reputation — its short, pungent editorials being copied in almost every sheet throughout the Union. As showing the amount of business transacted by the railroad company, from figures furnished by Hon. "VV. McCredie, Freight Auditor of the road, we glean the following: For the past five years there were shipped an average each year of corn, 205 cars; oats, 29 ; rye, 35 ; cattle, 43 ; hogs, 80 ; flour, 2 ; other freight, 96. Received during the same time, per year : lumber, 84 cars; agri- cultural implements, 4; merchandise, 107 ; other freights, 24. A total of 449 shipped and 218 received. A better class of dwelling houses are shown in this town than in many of its size in the country, while the business houses are good, but none of any special pretensions. There are several business firms in the village worthy of a special notice, among which we may mention the following : Alonzo Barnes. — This gentleman, in compan}^ with Major Par- ker, as we have before remarked, was the first to open a stock of merchandise in the place, as early as 1854, nearh' two years before the completion of the railroad ; and from that time to the present has never been out of the mercantile trade. Major I'arker re- mained but a short time, when he withdrew^, Mr. Barnes continu- ing the stoi'e until 1869, when he disposed of his interest, and at once engaged in the hardware trade, which business he yet fol- lows, having a large and profitable trade. His place of business is on the corner of Smith and Main streets, and his main salesroom is crowded with everything pertaining to the hardware trade. Especial attention is given to heating and cooking stoves, and tiie best manufactures in the country are represented. In builders' hardware he carries as fine an assortment as can be found in tlie 652 iiisTOHY OF m'doxougii county. county. Tie is also engaged in the manufacture of tin and sheet iron ware, and will do job work in this line as low as can be done in the county, and warrant all work. In an adjoining room he carries a tine line of furniture, which should be examined before purchasing. W. F. Taylor is one of Prairie City's most enterprising young men. Wilbur came to this place in 1867, and opened a small stock of books and stationery in a room on Main street, and, like thousands of others, had a hard time in estahlishing a trade. But pluck and determination will accomplish wonders, and we there- tore see "Wilbur, after a lapse of ten years, enjoying a satisfactory trade, which increases year by year. His stock comprises every article usually found in a book and notion house suitable for the wants and desires of the people of this neighborhood. Wilbur deserves success, and should have it. Andrew Burr. — This gentleman came to Prairie City in its infancy, and soon thereafter engaged in mercantile trade, and ever since has been one of her leading business men — one who stands high in the estimation of his fellow-citizens in the town and coun- try surrounding. In his store, on Washington street, near the depot, may be found a full line of staple and fancy groceries, builders' hardware, paints and oils. He also deals extensively in lumber, a good stock of which he always has in his yard near his store, and at prices as low as can be obtained elsewhere in the county. That he may continue to enjoy success in trade is the desire of all his many friends. ^S'. P. Tohie. — Sixteen years ago this gentleman opened in the jewelry business in this city, and has since met with good success, lu his store room on Main street may be found a full line of the latest styles of jewelry, silverware, and all brands of the cele- brated American watches. As a workman Mr. Tobie is A N^o. 1, and all work entrusted to his care will be done to the satisfaction of his patrons, and guaranteed in every respect. Besides his jew- elry stock may be found here a fine line of the celebrated Reming- ton breech-loading shot guns, revolvers, and cartridges. In this line Mr. T. undoubtedly carries the best assortment in the county. J. A. Hamilton. — Mr. II. came to this place in 1855, and com- menced business as a dealer in boots and shoes, continuing the same for ten years. lie was the first to engage in this line of trade in the town. In 1865 he purchased a stock of clothing and gents' furnishing goods, since which time he has continued in HISTORY OF m'dONOUC.H COUNTY. 653 this trade, together with that ot furniture and musical instru- ments. He has at all times a good assortment of all kinds of goods in his line, and, together with his salesman, will endeavor to please all who favor him with their patronage. You can't find a better place at which to trade. JB. F. Bradbury. — Is the proprietor of the leading dry goods and grocery houses of this village, and one well worthy the liber- al patronage he has so long enjoyed, and the confidence and re- spect of his fellow citizens, not onlj' in the town but in the sur- rounding country. One of the first to engage in the mercantile trade here was L. H. Eradbury, the father of the present propri- etor, who soon after received as a partner his son, and the firm was long known asL. II. Bradbury & Son. In 1874, the senior Brad- bury retired, leaving the business in the hands of its present owner, who will doubtless continue the same for many years. Mr. B. has a large and commodious store room on the corner of Main and Washington streets where may be found a large and well se- lected stock of dry goods, notions, boots, shoes, hats, caps, staple and fancy groceries, glass and queensware, etc., etc. Mr. B's. long business experience enables him to buy goods at bottom figures, which, together with his judgment in selecting the best quality and the latest styles of goods, enables him to offer his trade su- perior inducements. "A liberal man deviseth liberal things," says the wise man of old, and believing in the truth of the maxim, we have no hesitancy in recommending this gentleman to all our readers as a representative man of his town. BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 1877. BAKER. Trumphy, Ileiiry, north side of Main, near depot. B.VNK. First National Bank, .south side of jVfaiu. BARBERS. Humphrey, David. WashiuKtnn Street, near Main. Young, S, S., south .side of Main, near Smith. lU.ACKsMirn.'^. Bivcns cfe Taft, Main, near Center. Robertson, H., Main, near Centre. Steach. U.i^., Main, near Centre. Sleach, R. R., Main, near Ohio. Books and .stationery. Taylor Bros., north siileof Main, near Smith. 654 HISTOUY OF M DONOUGH COUNTY. HOOT AND SIlOIOMAKICItS. (,'ebliarilt, Henrv, south side of Main. kiise, James A., souili side of Main, near Ohi >. Dean, C. A.. Main. liHOoM .maki;k. Yinnin;-', J. 1?., Main, near railroad. CABINET MAKERS. David, S., east si li' of Smith, near Washington. . Risley, Micliael. CAKPEKTEll. I'hillips, A., west .side of Washington. CLOTHING. Davis, J. F., south side of Main, near Washington. Hamilton, J. A , south side oi Main, near Washington. DRESS MAKERS. Burt, Mrs. Marv, east side of Washington, near Main. Foresnmn, Mrs! E. B., north side of Main, near Smith. DRUGGISTS. Brinkerhoff, K. L. M., Main Street. Krieder, W. L. & Co., Main Street DRY GOODS, BOOTS, SHOES AND Nt)T10NS livadburv. B. F., corner of Main nud Washington Streets. Mead, a!, southeast corner of iMain and Washington Streets. FURNITURE, Barnes, Alonzo, northeast corner of Main and Smith Streets. Hamilton, J. A., south side of Main near Washington. GROCERIES. Bradbury. B. F., corner of Main and Washington Streets. Burr, A," Washington Street near the depot. Harrah, C. A., Main Street near the railroad. White, K., corner of Main and Washington Streets. Lyons, F. C, south side of Main Street near the railroad. GUN DEALER. Tobie, S. P.. south side of Main near Smith Street. HARDWARE. Barnes, Alonzo, corner of Main and Smith Streets. Burr, A., Washington Street near the depot. HOTELS. City Hotel, C. Hcminover, proprieter, Washington near Main Street. JEWELRY, CLOCKS AND WATCHES. Tobie, S. P., Main near Smith Street. Wagoner, A. H., Wiushington near Main Street. LAWYERS. Boynton, E. A., south side of Main near Washington Street. Sanford, H. C, Washington Street. LIVERY STABLES. CJombs, Robert, Washington Street. Everly, George V., City Hotel. LUMBER. Burr, A.. Wa.sV.inr.ton Street, near depot. Kendrick, T. L. , Washiugtoii Street, near depot. MEAT MARKET. Wiiite, E., corner J'^ast Main and Washington Street. MILLS. Central Mills, J. B. Fast, corner Main and ('enter Streets. Eag'e Mills, Joshua I.arkins, AVashington Street, near depot. Prairie Citv Mills, John K. Dunham. HISTORY OF m'donoic;!! couxtv. G5i MILLISKRY AND DIIESS MAKING. Cliapin, Miss N. C, north side Main Street, near Smith. Hoyt, Mrs. A. R. north side Main Street. Hippit, Mrs. J., south side Main Strcec, near railroad, llobart, Mrs., south side Main Street, near Smith. PHOTOGRAPHER. Durliam Susan, Mrs., north side Main Street, near Smith. PHYSICIANS. Krieder, W. L., Main Street. Magee, T. L., soutli si(ie Main Street, near Wasliintrlon. VVestfall, A. .M., Main and WHsliington Street. Vose, Julia Mrs., north side Main Street. POSTMASTKH. Smith, Ezra D., corner Main and Sniith Streets. PAPERS AND PRINTER.?. "Prairie City Herald," H. B. Tayi.ir, Editor, office corner Main and Smitli Streets. RESTAUUANTS. ("lark, Tliomas. Washington Street, near Main. Foster, Z. A., Maui Street. SADDLE AND HARNIiS.S MAKERS. Magee, A., south side Mtin Street, near Smith. McCartney, E. C. . north side Main Street, near Smith. STATION AGENT. Irwin, A. T., also E.xpress Agent. TAILORS. Bycrly, John, Washington Street. WAGON MAKERS. Stench, (Jeortic C, Main Street near Center. WoodniMHsce, F. A., (also carriage), corner of Main and Ohio. Bivens. Thomas IC, Main Street. 656 HISTORY OK m'dONOUGH COUNTY. CHAPTER XLIV. BUSHNELL. The thriving city of Bushnell is most beautifully situated, and surrounded by the fiuest country in the Military Tract. In 1854, before the completion of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Rail- road, John D. llail, of Macomb, sold a two-third interest in the northeast quarter of section 33, 7 n., 1 w., to D. P. Wells and Iverson L. Twyman, also of the city of Macomb, and the three together determined on the establishment of a town on that site. William II. Rile, Esq., then County Surveyor, under the direction of Messrs. Hail, Twyman and Wells, laid oif the town, running the streets parallel with the railroad, which had then been graded through the proposed site, and which extended across the quarter, entering thirty-five chains south ol the southwest corner, and passing out the same number of chains north of the northeast quarter. The quarter was divided into forty-eight blocks of twelve lots each, the blocks being 360 feet square. Two streets, running parallel with the railroad, one on either side, were made seventy feet wide, and all others sixty. The first public sale of lots was made in May, 1854. About seventy lots were sold, realizing about ^^6,000, the prices varying from $30 to $120 each. The town was named in honor of Hon. Is". Bushnell, at that time President of the Northern Cross Railroad, the name by which the present Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad was then known. WHien the town was laid out there was nothing on its proposed site but a large "wolf pole," a pole erected on the highest emi- nence in the neighborhood where it could be seen by the parties engaging in the wolf hunt and to which all would tend, meeting HISTORY OF m'doxough county. 657 in one common center. The nearest house was Iliram Markham's, three miles west. For miles around not a rod of land was en- closed by a fence, and not a road was located in the neighborhood. The country was just as wild as when created by the Author ot the Universe, and upon the trackless prairies there was as much danger of being lost as in a dense forest. In 1855, John Ilen- drickson, at present station agent at Bardolph, then a young man of seventeen or eighteen years of age, became lost on the prairie between the present site of the towns of Prairie City and Bush- ncll. He became so bewildered as night came on, that he could not tell the direction in which he was going, and wandered around in a circle. Xot retarning at night, his father organized a party to search for him, and with lanterns and guns they started out. The dismal howl of the prairie wolf could be heard upon every hand and the heart of the young man became faint, indeed, as the hours wore on. He was aftaid to cry out, for fear of starting the wolves, but the party in his search had no such fears, and ever and anon they would call out his name. Finally, he heard the call and faintly answered. Soon the party closed around him, and the lost was found, and glad enough he was to be rescued. lie now thinks the click of the telegraph instrument is music far preferable to the howl of the prairie wolf, especially as it sounded on his ears about twenty years ago. Twyman, AYells & Hail erected the first business house, which they sold to Iliram Markham, who brought the iirst stock of mer- chandise to the town. The stock was not very large, but it answered the wants of the people at that day. William Cord, Iliram Markham, and William Vickers were the first to erect dwelling houses in the place. John Crawford com- menced the erection of the first hotel, but before completion sold it to John D. Hail, who, in the summer of 1855, completed the same and opened it for the accommodation of the traveling public. The growth of the town was not very rapid the first year, the railroad not being completed and the people not accustomed ta push things through with lightning speed. But in the second year, as the sound of the locomotive's whistle could be heard in the distance, they began to pour in, and by the time the merry call of the conductor, "all aboai'd,"' was heard the town was fairly alive, and the spirit of young America seemed to pervade every citizen of the little village, and dreams of future growth and great- ()58 HISTORY OK m'ik)N()1'G1I COUNTY. ness pervaded the minds of all. A class of citizens came to the village possessed of indomitable perseverance and grit and with a determination to make the town one of the best in the State of Illinois. Among the early settlers who worked fer the best inter- est of the place we recall the names of lliram Markham, James Cole, James Kelly, Dr. Clarke, Daniel ISTegley, James Smith, Hunt, A. Everett, A. lless, and S. A. Hendee. The original proprietors of the place, imbued with a spirit of liberality, gave to the town two blocks of laud — one on the east side of the railroad, and one on the west. They also gave lots to such religious denominations as would build houses of worship. We find, therefore, to-day two beautiful parks and several beauti- ful and pleasant church edifices, and the ccommunity a strictly moral and intelligent one. The first three or four years were disastrous to the welfare of the town, in consequence, principally, of the failure of the crops. Many farms had been opened, but the farmers had used up all their means in improvements, trusting they would be rewarded with good crops, which, failing them, left them in debt to the merchants of the place. The consequence of this state of affairs was that the merchants were unable to meet their bills, which caused the suspension of several. IS'otwithstanding all this, im- provements were constantly made, buildings for stores and dwell- ings were being erected, and the population was rapidly increasing. In 1867, the T., P. & W. Railroad surveyed a line through the place, and the city subscribed to its capital stock, to aid in its completion. Many persons prophesied that by the introduction of the cross-roads the town would be killed, as all the country trade would be lost. Well, says Bushnell, to offset this we will erect a few manufactories. The extensive factory of JSTelson, LaTourette & Co., for the manufacture of pumps, wind-mills, furniture and croquet, was first erected, soon followed by the Lallarpe Cultiva- tor Works of Pierpont & Tuttle, which is doing a verv large and constantly increasing business. Other manufactories we observe, among the number being Messrs. Ball EH.S. Siirtees, John. Mills, S. D. — also Lnmber Dealer. Hall, Mary. Mauuire, MissMollie. Mills, Maggie Mrs. DRESSMAKERS. DRUG STORES. Morey & Hen del. Thompson, Ci. M. Bright, William. Foster, William. Newland, Abraham, Jr. Smith, A. J. & Co. Stookev. r. A. Underiiill ct Son. Parks, Samuel. Union Hall, Underbill & Sons. Good Templars' Hall. Erdman, J. M Jackson, John E. Hall, John ct Bro. Mciee & Evans. Mflgnire, MolIieMiss. Mills, Maggie Mrs. GENERAL MERCHANDISE. HARDWARE DEALER, MEAT MARKET. MILLINERY. Campbell, (i. W. Hunt, I. B. I'err.v, T. ('. Tandy. W. M. Wear, Dr. Newland. Abraham Jr. Boyd, William. Slocum, Lance. Bowman, T. J. Wooley, Baraett. Christian Church. Methodist Episcopal Church. PHYSICIANS. POST MASTER. PICK AND AXE HANDLE MANUFACTURER. RESTAURANT. WAGON MAKERS. CHUKCHES. Mills, S. D. ITBLIC SCHOOL BUILDING, TEKKL!;SKE. HISTORY OK M DOKOl'CH COUNTY. 685 TENNESSEE. This town was laid out in March. 185 1, by J. B. Baker. T. K. Waddle and S. Cocker- ham. The route of the C, li. &, (J. Uailroad had ))een determine d and work along the line commenced, when the above named gentlemen thought it advisable to start a town, and no better location could then be found than was chosen, on section 22, Tennessee township, and on a beautiful and fertile prairie, about one mile south of Crooked creek. The lots are fifty feet front by 110 deep, and laid off fronting the railroad, about an equal number on each side. The two main streets run parallel with the railroad. Vacant lota on these streets are valued at from |i20 to $7.'">, according to location. For the first few years, until 18.'»8, the town grew rapidly. Stores, shops and dwellings grew up on every hand, and all was life and activity. It soon became quite a business point ; but since 18.58 the progress has been slow. While the class of buildings has been improved and the stores enlarged, the number of inhaliitants is scarcely more than several years ago. June 7, 18C>5, the place was incorporated as a town, and as a village November 25, 1872, which it remains at present. Hr.>INF.S.S IIOrSKS OF 1?. V. THOMPSON', TKNXKS8I:K. A calaboose or town prison was built February. 1872, and turned over by mischievous boys of the town Christmas eve, 1873, rebuilt in January, 1874, and destroyed by fire in November, 187r). The ft)llowing is a correct statement of the annual average number of car loads of the various kinds of freight shipped from Tennessee during the past live years: Wheat- 12 car loads: coin, fii.^' cixrrf; oats, care: ry-, 4';j cars: cattle, 58 cars: hogi, 115 cars; coa 1' 41 cars: other freight, 87 cars; or a total of ;5:?0 cars of freight shipped each year since 1871. The average number of cars received per year during the same time are as fol- lows: Lumber, 10 cars: agricultural implements, 1 car; general merchandise, 215 cars: other freight, 32 cars, or fi5 cars per year, making 2fi5 cars more that were shipped than •were received. 686 HISTORY OF m'lonough county. Few towns in the county of more pretensions can boist of a belter school building t'aan Tennessee, a line illu-itration of which is f^ivan elsewhere in this history. The building is sizii thirty-four by forty feet, built of red brick, with caps and sills of stone- As will be seen in the illustration, it has three gables, a neat Ijelfry being erected over the front one, the lop of which is sixty feet from the surface of the ground. The height of the ceilings i>n both lloors is fourteen feet. The rooms have a seating capacity of one hundred and sixty pupils. The building was erected in 187;$ by Messrs. Harker & Gose- lin, the former of Macomb, and the latter of Tennessee, at a cost of ^7,000. Miss Sarah Blazer, of Macomb, is the present principal, with Miss Laura Grafton, of Plymouth, assistant. Directors — William Cowan, John Myers and William M. Cook. BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONAL. .Aiken, J. \V.. physician aiiil surgeon. Babcoc'k, Jeremiah, proprietor of the saw mill. i!ook, William, constahle and auctioneer. Gracraft, Richard, lilarksiuith. Daugherty, John, hool and shoe maker. Dull, Mrs., proprietor Liberty House. Katon, J., dealer in dry goods, boots, shoes, etc. Ellis, W. 1)., restaurant. Green, David, flour and feed store. Henry, William, Station .^gent U., B. and Q. R. R. Hoiick, William 15., blacksmith. Hendricks, W. S.. physician and surgeon. Lower, J. H., boot and shoe maker and dealer. MeKenzie, Charles, wagon and carriage maker. McKenzie, William, postmaster, undertaker and furniture dealer. Nash, G. R., meat market and restaurant. Owen & Bro., dealers in dry goods, groceries and notions. Rapelje, H. L., harness maker and dealer in fancy groceries. Thompson, B. F., dealer in dry goods, groceries, hardware, etc. Walker, J. V., dealer in clothing, hats, caps, boots and shoes. White it Waddill, restaurant and confectionery. CHURCHES AND SOCIKTIES. Baptist Church— Elder W. R. Welch, Pastor. Catholic Church— Father Touhey, Pastor. Methodist Episcopal Church — Rev. T. P. Henry, Pastor. Masons, Odu Fellows, and United Workmen Lodges. niLLSGROVE. This place was laid out in 1871 by A. G. Owens and L. C. Bacon. It lies on sections twenty-eight and twenty-nine, Tennessee township. The town at present is of little importance, but the surrounding country is capable of supporting a considerable village, and no doubt Hillsgrove will bs a live little town on the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Raili'oad before many years. Dr. Edward H. Campbell, postmaster, physician, and dealer in drugs and groceries. C. Nelson, blacksmith, wagon and repair shop. COLMAK. This town was laid out in the early part of 1857 by William Graves. The plat lies in section seven, Lamoine township, and west of the C, B. & Q. Railroad, which runs in a northeasterly and southwesterly course through this part of the county. The plat is composed of eighty lots, 50x125 feet, in blocks of ten lots each. Lota formerly sold here at from if 5 to !|20 a piece. At one time considerable life was manifested and several stores sprang up, making the prospects for a business point quite flattering ; but at present but little of any kind of business is transacted. The location is rather unfavora- ble for a town, large portions of the surrounding country being timber land. The following is a statement of the number of car loads of freight shipped from Col- mar for each year during the past five : Wheat, 5 V2 cars ; com, 2 cars ; oats, 3 cars ; rye, ii}^ cars ; cattle, 2G cars ; hogs, 60 cars ; other freight, 78 cars. The average number per year received for the same time are : Lumber, 8 cars ; agricultural implements, 1-5 car ; merchandise. G cars : other freight, 7 cars. HISTORY OK m'doNOUGH COUNTY. 687 CHAPTER Xl.Yir. SCIOTA. This town was laid out in September, 18G7, by William B. Clarke, and, in honor of its founder, was named Clarkesville, but there being another town in the State by the same name, the postoffice established there was called Amicus. Having the town known by one name and the postoffice by another was not satisfactory to the people, and both were changed to the name given the township, Sciota, so nam2d by settlers from Ohio who in that State Uved near a stream known as the Sciota river. Notwithstanding it has now been some years since the name Sciota was adopted, the town is more familiarly known and often called by its former name — Clarkesville. It is a bustling little town, situated on the T., P. & W. Railroad, about ten miles north of Macomb, and six miles east of Blandinsville, having a population of not less than three hundred souls. It is entirely surrounded by prairie, which extends north for a distance of thii-ty miles, and south about one mile to a small body of timber land. Ten years ago, Mr. Clarke was farming upon the present site of the town, and eleven years previous he purchased the quarter on which it lies for the sum of eight hundred dollars. The first plat of the town made by Mr. Clarke only contained twenty-four lots, G0xl70 feet, but since that time he has made two additions, and Mr. George Hauser has added one. Lots first sold at from fifty to seventy-five dollars each, the same now being worth from seventy-five to one hundred dollars. The first store building erected in the place was by L. King, and the first stock of mer- chandise of any kind was a grocery stock, opened by William H. Franklin, as agent for George W. Smith, of Macomb. The first stock of general merchandise was brought in by H. Gillam. The first postmaster was William H. Franklin. At an election held March l.*), 1870, a vote was taken for or against incorporation* which resulted in the adoption of the measure, and on the first Monday in April of the same year, the following Trustees were elected : John W. Tipton, 11. N. Henderson, John Walsh, J. K. Hunt and George B. Painter. This Board met on the first of May and elected John W. Tipton, President, and K. N. Henderson, Clerk. From want of interest and the opposition against incorporation, no further election was held until the spring of 1874, when the following named gentlemen were elected members of the Board of Trustees : William B. Clarke, M. E. Lavens, John R. Seybold, William Trower, and J. Obemeyer. In 1875 the Board was composed of J. Obemeyer, J. B. Duncan, E. S. Agnew, U. T. Douglas, and J. Nelson. In 187G, the following were the elective officers : E. R. Brown. J. Obemeyer, John B.Duncan. U. T.Douglas, and William B. Clarke- Elections are held on the first Monday of April each year. The present treasurer of the town is J. B. Duncan ; the constable is William A. Smith. For the past twenty-four yeara AVilham B. Clarke has held the office of Justice of the Peace for the township. 688 HISTORY OK M'nONOlUiH COUNTY. Ilev. John McGinnis preached the &mt discourse in the town. He was a preacher of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Miss Emma Atkinson taught the first school ever held in the town. The jilace of preaching, as well as that of the first school, was in what is now known as Odd Fellow's Hall. In 1872 a good school building was erected at a cost of .11,200, to which an addition was built in 187.') at an additional cost of iffiOO. The building now has two large com- fortal)le rooms, and two teachers are employed regularly eight months in the year. Mr. D. A. Herlocker is the present efficient iirincipal, and Miss E. Pritchard, assistant. The average salary paid is forty-five dollars per month. The school has an average attend- ance of seventy scholars, and is known as District No. 10, Sciota township, and is two miles in length, north and south, and one mile in Ijreadth, east and west. The present directors are : S. M. Hall, Dr. E. Brown and J. ()l)emeyer. H. G. Boles taught the first school in the present school building. There are two Church buildings in the town, belonging respectively to the Christian and Baptist denominations, the first being erected in IHiVJ, and the latter in 1871. During the first few years of the existence of the town, it made very little growth, bat for two years pant it has been very prosperous, notwithstanding the cry of hard times heard upon every hand. The town is the largest grain market in McDouough county, and probably in this part of the State, there being more corn and oats shipped from here than any station known to us. In the past six years there have been shipped per year an average of 415 cars of corn and 74 of oats, the largest shipment being made in 1874-7.'> (the latter being the last year for which we have received the statement), which aggregated 1217 cars, or about 190,000 bushels per year. The surrounding coun- try is one vast corn and oat field and capable of producing an untold amount of grain. In town, corn pens are the most familiar objects on which the eye rests, and the cobs pro- duced when the corn is shelled for shipment form a staple article of fuel. One of the finest and best arranged elevators in the county was completed in January, 1877, which greatly facilitates the handling of grain. It was erected by "Wills Bros., of Peoria, and has a capacity of twelve thousand bushels. The mercantile trade of Sciota is better than is usually enjoyed by towns of its size, and her business men, as a class, are live, enterprising men, and work for the prosperity ■of the town. Among the number we take pleasure in referring to the following named firms: Ohe>nc>/cr d- Tiro. — This is the oldest firm in the town, as well as the largest one in trade. The l)usinesH was first established in 18(!8, and from that time to the present it has continued to grow, until now the trade of the house is second to but very few in the county. During the past year the firm erected a large two-story frame building, and have the main store room crammed full of general merchandise, including dry goods, notions, boots, shoes, hats, caps, clothing, etc. They take pleasure in showing their goods and are never undersold. J. R. Sei/hol(J. — This gentleman commenced busiue.^.s in this town in 1870. He comes of an old and highly respectable family, well known throughout the whole county. He carries a fine stock of stabile and fancy groceries, glassware, queensware, hardware, etc., and proposes to sell the same in competition with any living man. His room is one of the largest in the town, and his stock is always first class and kept full and complete and up with the times. We trust his success will at all times equal his anticipations. Silas A. Webb. — This gentleman is the leading druggist of the place, and carries a fine line of all articles usually found in a well regulated drug store, including stajjle drugs, patent msdicines, paints, oils, lamps, etc. Prescriptions carefully compounded, and perfect satisfaction rendered to every patron of the house. In druggist's sundries, such as nail and tooth brushes, fine combs, coarse combs, long combs, perfumery, toilet arti- IIISTOKV OF M'DONOU(in COUNTY. 689 cle3, shaving soap, and the thousand and ( me other articles usually' 8uj)plied ]>y similar establishments, the assortment will be found complete. Also, school and miscellaneouH books, letter, cap and note paper, pens, inks, etc. Give him a call. Ji. L. Shoiisc. — This gentleman came to Sciota in 1870, and engaged in the sale of a stock of general merchandise, a part of which he soon disposed of, and n(jw confineH himself to staple and fancy groceries, and articles usually following that trade. He car- ries the largest stock of goods in his line of trade to be found in town, and a stock that will compare in quantity and quality with many in more pretentious towns than Sciota. His trade is now largo and ct)nstantly increasing. He pays the highest market price for all kinds of country produce, and asks the i)atronage of the public. The following is an official statement of the average number per year of car loads of freight shipped from this station for the jiast six years : Wheat, Ifi; corn, 4ir>: oats, 74. other grain, 40; cattle, 50; hogs, 100; other freight, 13. BUSINESS AND PROFESSION AX. Aleshire, Peter, Douglas Street, groceries and qiiccusware. Blandiii, Charles, near depot, meat market. Hrown, E., lUiell Street, physician, and dealer in drugs, paints and nil. Dou«las. I'. T.. (;iay Slreel, carpenter and Imilder. Dully, M. V. , Buell Street, saddle and harness shop. Hall, David, Donf?las Stri'et, moat market. Henderson, R. N., physician andsurst'on. I^ong, Joseph, Fillmore Street, blaeksniith. Muiphy, A. G., physician and surgeon ; al.so postmaster. Mills it Bro., elevator. Obemeyer & Bi-o., corner Biieli and Douglas Streets, dry goods and notions. Parker, Dr., physi(!ian and surgeon. Prall, George, Buell Street, tinware etc. Kussell & Co., Douglas Street, boot and .shoe maker. Seybold, J. R., Buell Street, groceries, queensware and hardware. Sliouse, R. L., corner Douglas and Clay, groceries and queensware. Strickler. Sol., Fillmore Street, blacksmith. Tipton, A., Douglas .Street, groceries and <|ueensware. Tipton, John, Douglas Street, carpenter luid builder. Webb, Silas, Douglas Street, drugs, paints and oils. Wilson, Robert, Clay Street, blacKsmitii. Iiai)tist aneen made to the original surveys. The railroad runs due ea.st and west through the town. 690 HISTORY OF m'dONOUGH COUNTY. Robert Morrison, it is said, built the first store room, on the old Monmouth road, and kept a small stock of confectioneries, etc. David Jacobs built the first dwelling house, and Samuel Lock opened the first stock of general merchandise, about the year 186G or 18G7, before the town was laid out. After the organization of the town the first post- master was Jessie McDowell. As stated previously, a postoffice had been in the neigh- l)orhood for some years, D. J. Dungan being postmastm-, and having the office on his farm, one-fourth mile north of the present town. Strange as it may seem we cannot learn the precise time in which the town was incor- porated, the books being lost or misplaced, and no one able to give definite information : but enough is known to state that it was incorporated in 18G9, with the following named gentlemen its first Board of Trustees : J. E. Morris, Riley Adams, Joseph Whaler, H. B. Baker and C. H. Creel. Again, in 1875, it was incorporated under the general law crea- ting villages, and on the first day of June, in that year, D. Jacobus, H. A. Allison, A. Munger, C. Elliot, E. K. Hamaford and N. A. Walker were elected Trustees. In 1876, D. Jacobus, A. Munger, I. N. Rouse, William Parkins, S. White and H. A. Allison were elect- ■pid. J. P. Higgins was the first magistrate of the town, and has been succeeded by the following named gentlemen : Silas E. Ratikin, James R. Campbell, Samuel Morris, and C. H. Creel, the present incumbent. The town grew quite rapidly for the first two years, after which, no material imi^rove- ment was made until the year 1875, whan new life was infused into every department of industry, new business blocks, new dwelling houses and other buildings were erect- ed throughout the town, and to-day, we find it one of the neatest young towns in the mil- itary tract, with three good churches that are live and active, with a good school taught by worthy and efficient teachers, her people generally moral and religious. Probably no more pleasant and agreeable place can be found to make a home than here. Sur- rounding the town is an excellent farming community with some of the best farms m the county. In the history of the place, there has been but one saloon, which was run during the first year of its existence, since which time it has been free of all such evil influences. The first sermon preached in the town was by Rev. Pickering, a Baptist minister, in a building erected by Stephen Smith, on the west side square. There are now in the place three church organizations, each having good, comfortable buildings, as follows : Pres- byterian, Cumberland Presbjterian, and Methodist. During the past five years there have annually been shipped an average of 21 cars wheat ; corn, 207 ; oats, G2 ; other grain, 32 ; flour, 1 : cattle, 71 ; hogs, 102 ; merchandise, 2G ; other freights, 7. There are a number of live merchants in the town, among whom we may mention the following named firms : AUinni Bros. — These gentlemen carry the largest stock of general merchandise of any firm in the town, and occupy a large and pleasant room on the southeast corner of the square. Their stock is well assorted in every respect, and comprises staple and fancy dry goods; notions, ready-made clothing, gents' furnishing goods, boots, shoes, staple and fancy groceries, etc., etc. They also engage somewhat extensively in buying and shipping live stock. Being pleasant aiul accommodating young men, thej- are worthy the patron- age of all. W. H. Collins. — This gentleman has lately erected a building on the southeast comer of the scjuare, esj)ecially adapted to his trade — that of harness and saddlery, and he de- signs always to keep [on exhibition a full and complete line of single and double har- ness, collars, bridles, whips, saddles, etc. Mr. Collins' large experience, together with the gentlemanly and accommodating manner of treating his customers will surely win for him succens. An easy fitting saddle, a strong and durable harness, is what all de.sire who ride or drive, and Mr. Collin.s can furnish the same. HISTORY OK M'DONOrari COUNTY. 091 E. White. — Oue of the leading business men of Good Hope, and one who by hin straightforward, gentlemanly dealing, has won the respect and confidence of all, is ho of whom we now write. His store room is on the southeast corner of the square, is well littod up and well tilled with a good selected stock of staple and fancy groceries, glasH- ware, willow-ware, farmers' and mechanics' tools, etc. Mr. White well understands his trade, knows the kind of goods to buy. and knows how to buy that he may sell cheap. Collins d- ILimidford. — This is one of the leading firms of the town, and carries one of the largest and best stocks of lumber in the county. Coming to the town in IHGS). and establishing themselves in this branch of trade, by their straightftjrward, businesH- like manner built up a trade that would be a credit to older and larger establishments in the larger towns of the county. In their yard may be found a large stock of lumber, lath, sash, doors, shingles, posts, lime hair, cement, pumps,