■>lm y Class Z>c5fo_ Boole .UO , Copyright W-LlLl CQFYRIGHT DEPOSIT tLj^J^Jj. Churchill Simplis Shorthand A SYSTEM OF LIGHTLINE WRITING DESIGNED TO MEET THE REQUIREMENTS OF OFFICE STENOGRAPHERS AND REPORTERS The F. H. Bliss Publishing Company, Saginaw, Michigan. Copyright 1917 by The F, H. BLISS Publishing* Co. EC 17 1917 . 100 ©Q.A47955; INDEX Page PREFACE 5 ADVICE TO THE STUDENT 6 COMPLETE ALPHABET AND BLENDS 7 LESSON I T, D, R, L, TH, M, K, G, O, A, E 8 Rules for circle vowels 9 Word-signs 10 Phrasing and punctuation 11 LESSON II SH, CH, J, P, B, F, V, U. 13 LESSON III Rules governing the use of S 18 Rules governing the use of N 20 LESSON IV Double and triple consonants 24 LESSON V Diphthongs and rules for W and Y 28 LESSON VI Prefixes 35 LESSON VII Suffixes and word endings 42 LESSON VIII Omission of R and * T 49 Long words contracted 51 LESSON IX Contractions and compound words 56 LESSON X Diacritical marking of vowels . . . , 63 Omission of vowels 64 Points of the * compass 64 Days of the week 64 Months of the year 65 States of the Union 66 Cities , 67 Supplementary matter 68 Dictionary 91 (3) PREFACE « Lightline shorthand has always appealed to me as the ideal method of rapid writing. Simplis Shorthand is a lightline sys- tem, requiring no shading nor position. It has about it that easy swing and freedom in outline formation found in no other system. Obtuse angles have been smoothed out into graceful curves. One line blends into another in such a way as to compel hand motion and speed. I had a great deal of confidence in the system from the very start, but if any one had told me that it would be the means, in the remarkably short period of two years, of producing some of the best writers in the world, I should have thought it im- possible. Even in less than two years from the time one of my students first saw the alphabet of Simplis Shorthand she has learned the system and has taken part in a speed contest conducted by the National Shorthand Reporters' Association. Out of forty of the best writers in the world who entered the contest, there were just five who qualified, and one of the five was a writer of Simplis Shorthand. This fact alone should prove conclusively that the system will stand up under the severest tests. It also proves that results can be accomplished in a fraction of the time required for the mastery of any other system. I have received many kind expressions from our leading short- hand writers and teachers. One teacher says : "J have had four- teen years' -experience teaching shorthand and I am satisfied that you have the best system I have ever examined. It has a max- imum of strong points." Another teacher says: "It is all that its name implies and more, being the briefest, most legible, and most accurate of all systems of shorthand." A leading reporter says: "I have made the change from the system I formerly used with ease. You have many advantages over the other systems. " From a business college proprietor: "Your system should be taught in all schools." I wish to express my gratitude to the many writers of short- hand who have written from every country where the English language is spoken, giving me words of encouragement and timely suggestions, and especially do I wish to mention the names of Miss Augusta Russell and Miss Helen Roach for the aid they have given me in perfecting the system, and for the valuable help they have given me in the preparation of this text-book. GEO. T. CHURCHILL, Author. (5) 6 CHURCHILL SIMPUS SHORTHAND PART I. ADVICE TO THE STUDENT Learn each lesson thoroughly. Write each outline many times, pronouncing it as it is written, and at the same time concentrate the mind on its exact formation. After a perfect mental picture of the word is formed, follow that conception minutely. A strong impression on the brain will last forever and is always dependable, while a weak impression cannot be relied upon and is soon forgotten. The form of the word must originate in the brain before the message can be flashed to the hand. If the brain is trained to receive the message accurately the learner will never experience trouble in becoming a good writer of shorthand. He may not at first do his work rapidly, but if he is accurate the time will come when the brain will respond with lightning rapidity and the results will be much more satisfactory than if the above suggestions are not closely followed. A great aid to a rapid and easy style of note taking is the correct position of the hand and arm. Hold the pencil or pen as in longhand. A mistake made by some pupils is to grasp the pen or pencil too firmly. Keep the hand resting lightly en the paper so that the third and fourth fingers will glide easily over its surface. Reading the shorthand that has been written is essential for the acquirement of speed. The student should read everything he writes from the very start. The shorthand forms given in the lessons, together with those found in the dictionary, will enable the student to complete his practice from any dictation book which may happen to be in use. There will be special words peculiar to each line of work that will not be found in either the lessons or the dictionary. It would require an extremely large list of words to cover the hundreds of different lines of work with which the student might meet. Such a list is not necessary. One writer might wish to contract certain words, while another, equally expert, might desire to write them in full. After the system has been mastered, one should rely almost entirely upon his own judgment informing unfamiliar words. This habit of relying upon the judgment makes an excellent mental discipline, which will not only help out in shorthand, but will be a great aid in solving the various problems which the student may encounter after he enters the business world. CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 7 ALPHABET CONSONANTS TRACED FROM LEFT TO RIGHT DRLTHMNKG CONSONANTS TRACED DOWNWARD SH CH I P B F V S / VOWELS MARKED DIACRITICALLY eeiaaooaaiiu •? °. s P vP Q Q Q o, » * DIPHTHONGS I 01 OW EW & 6> (T COALESCENTS (T> we wa -o wu y ye ya-o 9 ^ yyi o *? <^ w BLENDED CONSONANTS /^ NER x^NEL / the ^-t> me ^> ke O ge ^et — ~ed (T er <*-"^ 'el <>«- eth > am om Q^ ok Q/ og Note.- AH and AW are also represented by the large circle. CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 9 4. When a circle vowel is written at the beginning or end of a straight stroke, turn it in the direction of the hands of a watch. cr tea eat ought t-e e-t o-t -o day — aid ^> they d-a a-d th-a 5. The circle vowels at the beginning or the end of curved strokes are written inside the curve. ^ me m-e •»^j? key k-e a? gay g-a Cs egg e-g cr^ aim a-m Q^ oak o-k meek m-e- k Q_^ eke e-k 6. When a circle comes between two strokes forming an angle, turn the circle outside the angle. A -^ lead read wrath teeth team meal take 1-e-d X r-e-d z^— r-a-th ^K t-e-th t-e-m m-e-1 t-a-k lit ready wreath -^ death -^ deem * mere -x^Diok 1-i-t r-e-d-i r-e-th d-e-th d-e-m m-e-r d-i-k 7. The sounds of O, AH and AW are omitted in the middle of outlines. Omitting O as mentioned Note.- When a circle comes between a straight line and a curve, turn it on the inside of the curve. 10 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND above makes a definite distinction between such words as P~ rate, and /~ wrote. thought th-o-t ' lot 1-o-t load 1-o-d ^ ^ roam r-o-m coat k-o-t w - — code k-o-d lock 1-o-k ^ coal k-o-1 8. H is represented by a dot and is placed just above the vowel. cr- he here h- heat O^ home h-e cr\ h-e-r £r h-e-t ry— h-o-m v-^ ham hair had him h-a-m h-a-r h-a-d h-i-m READING EXERCISE 9. Word - Signs. — Word-signs are - made from single characters. There are thirty-one word -signs in this system of shorthand, and they are used to represent the most frequently recurring words. Care should be exercised in making the word-signs perfectly, and they should be thoroughly committed to memory. T.wo, and sometimes as many as three words, not of the same parts of speech, may be represented by the same sign, and the right word is easily determined by context. — . it-the would-dollar ^ are-our-or they can d^^ he will q_^ he can he would may he that the would he may the are the £ — they would ^^ will he ^_j> can he <*-> he may ^r- can the v_£y can go 11. Punctuation. — A period is represented by the use of the following sign; as, 7 . Make this sign longer for a paragraph sign ; as, 1 . Other punctuation marks are made as in longhand. The dash should be canceled by striking the TH sign through it; as, ... x - , otherwise it might be mistaken for D. Ditto marks may be placed under words to indicate a proper name, or that the word should begin with a capital letter; as, v^l- Kate. SENTENCES FOR PRACTICE They wrote the deed. The lady got a red hat. Tom may eat an egg or the meat. ^r~ - _ READING EXERCISE 1 Ql^ / - ~2> 2r 4 — S - 1 TEST EXERCISE tea, day, eat, aid, ought, they, egg, aim, oak, meek, eke, lead, read, ready, lit, wrath, wreath, teeth, death, team, deem, meal, mere, thought, lot, load, coal, lock, roam, coat, code, he, here, heat, home, hair, had, him, lad, her, leak, deed, lay, ear, lath, add, lack, mere, got, lady, omit, head, limb, owed, mill, wrought, oath, caught, ache, talk, it-the, would-dollar, are-our-or, well-will, that-thousand- thank, am-may, can-kind, go-ago-good, at-able, a-an, they may, they will, they are, they can, they would, they wrote, he will, he can, he would, will he, can he, may he, would he, may the, that the, are the. They wrote me that he would eat an egg. Would he deem it a good deed ? He may load the lath or the wood. Dick can get him a good hat. They may take me home. The lad may take the good lock. Will the lady get a thousand-dollar coat? CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 13 What can you say of when used in the middle of outlines ? In what direction is the circle turned when joined at the beginning or end of straight strokes? How is the circle turned between strokes forming an angle? What can you say regarding the use of silent or obscure letters? How is C represented in shorthand? How many sounds has G? Give examples. How is the circle written when joined to curved strokes at the beginning or end of the stroke? How is H represented ? Where is it placed ? Which does H always precede, a vowel or a consonant ? LESSON II. SH / CH / J f P ( B J F / V ^ U 1 2. All of the above consonants are written down- ward. 13. If U does not form as a hook, an angle should be used. It sometimes happens that the slant or direction of U is slightly varied for the purpose of securing easily made joinings. Observe closely the following illustrations : ^_ut^ ud^ ur^^ul^-,um /^pu / bu J fu / vu / shu /chu / ju — /tu D du^ ru ^i\i ^ thu^-^mu £/>gUv^ku /up / ub/ uf /uv ?ush / uch / uj °\ uth^^uk &ug 14. Turn the vowel inside when a straight stroke follows P or B, and when K follows a downward straight stroke. / / C beet ^ path <^ bait 6^ Jack Note. U, TJ, OO and OO are represented by ^ fellow f-e-l-o J achieve a-ch-e- VcA sheet sh-e-t ^/ live 1-i-v x-^ieft 1-e-f-t - — -P Dave 'of grave sp A d-a-v g-r-a-v g-r-a-d y thief £^ glib J^ grab _L-» do th-e-f g-l-i-b g-r-a-b c/^ grade — > to t-u d-u / up u-p -*> — * whom h-u-m K ~f coop k-u-p i^"ioo\ f-u-1 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 15 « •>£ food f-u-d /^~^ room r-u-m >->^"rule r-u-1 —>^ tool t-u-1 — >^ tour t-u-r ^^ Ruth r-u-th ^-^7 love 1-u-v — -j> dove d-u-v —j tough t-u-f ^ covet k-u-v-e-t / bought b-o-t £ pour p-o-r r-o-v Js^ fall f-aw-1 rove READING EXERCISE r WORD-SIGNS / shall-ship-short J for / which-change / have / judge (/ of / hope-put-prompt c all ( be-but-been o your PHRASING. 17. TO may be phrased without the vowel if * a better joining or greater speed may be obtained by so doing. See, "to be." s" are you-r - will you-r — ?? to you-r y> do you-r ■> would you-r ^~> may you-r 16 CHURCHILL SIMPLTS SHORTHAND / which you-r cry he may be J you have / have you-r (J, for you-r — -^ would be , would have ^/ will be <*— ; he may have ^2 f or the-it / have the-it ^_ to the-it ^ do the-it -j to have y to put y to pay y to be -? to do SENTENCES FOR PRACTICE He will pay a dollar for a ^y j / " load of it. Jack wrote me to have (±_^ y — -— & --? the room ready. You may pay for the n^ 6 J /"" **~si wood or the coal. Will you fit up a room for -^^ *2 / . ^^^ ^ £ him? The judge will pay for the / -"""o 2 —rrs 7 team. Have you change for a dollar? X / S - ? READING EXERCISE CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 17 TEST EXERCISE beet, path, Dave, Jack, fee, fit, show, latch, lamp, bath, do, coop, room, bought, Ruth, love, grave, if, each, ditch, jet, back, fellow, me, though, cool, rule, pour, live, dove, glib, aid, gay, ready, meek, off, lit, edge, ledge, vim, bait, him, achieve, up, food, tool, rove, left, tough, well, grade, half, her, hitch, cheat, are, pick, to, feed, whom, fool, at, tour, a, fall, an, rivet, covet, can, grab, you, head, omit, dollar, am, caught, ball, foot, break, plate, value, age, lead, fair, pay, heavy, tame, reach, allege, both, faith, kept, rough, approach, brick, feet, job, fish, shot, sheet, brief, flat, joke, pledge, teach, block, catch, free, meat, preach, peach, volume, boat, choke, oak, profit, vote, shall, get, short, ship, which, change, judge, hope, put, prompt, be, but, for, have, of, all, your, are you, will you, to you, do you, may you, for you, which you, he may be, you have, have you, for you, would be, would have, will be, he may have, to put, for the, have it. Jack may vote if he will keep the pledge he made. The lad may catch the fellow who broke the big plate. He will pay the judge for that joke. Will you ship the short wood to me? Whom would you thank for the change? They may have a dollar off if they will pay for the lock they broke. Is the vowel written inside or outside in the words Jack and bath? Is the vowel written inside or outside in the words Dave, live, and thief f Give the consonants that are used in edge, egg, ledge, hedge, gay, game, cat, and coat. 18 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND LESSON III. 18. S has two forms known as firsts and second S. ( FirstS ; SecondS 1 9. First S is used as a small hook before T, D, R, L, and K if no vowel intervenes; as, c_ st, c sd, <^ sr, o^sl- 9 and c_^ sk. tes, w ks, ^-> ms, s^ Is. ' f sap f saps sober & sag & sags r dose — ^dogs ~*f race ^^ loss ^r^ aims ^f> case «*> these 21. Second S is used after M when followed by a circle vowel, and in all cases after U ; as,^ missy^J lose. Second S is used before and after F, V, SH, CH, and J; as, j shs, / sch, y sfs. CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 19 Second S is used before all strokes made with forward motion, provided a vowel intervenes; as, sash y ships / ages / sage c^~ set c* — sad >--^soul a^s seem <**~s seek ^ Seth J ease o> so )> sue 22. SES or ZES, if unaccented, is represented by joining First S with Second S, or Second S with First S; as, gas (f gases ^> cases C possess I possesses ^ losses" 20 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND PENMANSHIP EXERCISE st sd sr si sk set sed ser sel sek sat sad sar sal sak sot sod sor sol sok sut sud sur sul suk sum sps sbs sgs sef saf sof bes bas bos sg seg sag sog gs ges gas gos ts tes ds das dos rs res las los ks kes kas kos ms mes mas mos sf sev sav fas ves vos chs jes shs s es ses tus dus rus his kus mus pus bus fus vus chs js 23. N has two forms, both of which are taken from the longhand N. These strokes are traced with an upward and forward motion. s~ First N 's Second N 24. Use the first stroke when N is the only conso- nant or if there appears to be no choice. First N is almost always used at the beginning" of words. See lines one, two and three. Use second N if the first form does not mal£e a good joining. See lines five and six. C/*~ green 25. At the end of strokes, N, if preceded by short e, short o, or short u, is represented by a hook; as in even, pen, ton, etc. This hook for N is CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 21 made very small, and turned with the same motion as that used in making second N. L open V happens L^> button J fun '{ pen 7 often o spoken o done _^ ten-ton 26. After T, D, TH, and K the N-hook is enlarged to add S. Dickens cxj> Athens tens-tons GENERAL EXERCISE ^ as well as >^ as you are ~zy the good / to know — >x- to our 6 7 would not is not is that shall not to say to which to that SENTENCES FOR PRACTICE Shall Ruth pay for your / room? No. Nellie will pay for it. He will do all he can for you. ^ It is said that they will issue ^ it for our school. They are ready to ship the &* goods to you. Will you take two loads of wood? READING EXERCISE 6 J> — ? ^zT ? ^ ^ £<^ ■7 ~ -y 2 / f 2 / 7 7 J ^S 9r, CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 23 TEST EXERCISE seal, evince, see, sells, written, manual, esteem, gone, say, boast, sees, tax, sit, coupon, keen, soft, rose, fees, steam, seem, famous, man, pays, spools, basis, stick, stage bosses, green, spoke, case, races, stock, many, taxes, on, saves, sack, graces, seen, annual, phone, ships, grass, cases, sale, selves, oven, able, changes, glass, loses, seal, sketch, loss, at, stop, judges, causes, laces, soul, grain, gossip, would, faces, passes, codes, gloomy, loans, the, gases, poses, gain, may, school, assess, misses, safe, brain, go, cost, stays, losses, sacks, assets, push, opens, good, step, steps, haste, reckon, am, lost, schools, seizes, stops, human, but, post, ease, cash, sorry, again-st, be, slack, lose, case, affix* cane, put, face, frame, alas, own, need, short, most, lays, same, gross, safe, which, ship, than, then, change, thence, judge, pain, dollar, gain, it, are, well, our, will, or, that, a, thousand, an, for, have, you, your, of, all, ago, in, hope, mix, knits, tins, annually, catch, suffixes, as, roast, aims, sue, guess, neat, loan, easy, slip, miss, stuff, main, any, know, is, not, his\ prompt, as it is. would not, shall not, to our, in no, as it has, in which, is that, is our, to his, to which, to know, to any, to say, to see, to that, is as, shall your, is the, is not, in any, the good, do not, as you are, as good as, as well as, would not, he will. He may save a dollar if he will pay the taxes then. Do you know the famous man who will sail on the ship ? Lena Blake will bake a good cake for the lady to take. He will not have the change which is in the broken dish Would you pay me that half-dollar which you have in your safe? Can you read all that you have written here? 24 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND Write the forms for the following: sels, sal, sol, sis, set, sat, sot, st, seks, saks, sks. Illustrate S attached to downward curves. Which S is used when S is the only stroke ? Illustrate. Which N is used when N is the only consonant ? Define and illustrate the use of the syllable EN used at the end of certain syllables and words. LESSON IV DOUBLE AND TRIPLE CONSONANTS. ^ REL-LER TED-DED THER tO TEM-DEM 1st NT-ND ^ 2d NT-ND 1st NTR-NDR ~^n 2d NTR-NDR . 1st NTL-NDL N MER TER-DER - KER 28. These combinations are pronounced with short vowels, and the student should learn to call them by their names and to speak of them as syllables. Sometimes a more prominent vowel than the short E used above occurs in connection with a blended syllable and in many of these cases the writer may secure a short and easily made character by using the blend; as m- -date, 'Jr damage. CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 25 PENMANSHIP EXERCISE _ t s r n th ^ m s~ 1st n ^ 2d n ; d ^ 1 N thr ^-— s mer / ner ^S ter ded x^rel \ thl ^ — s mel s nel _^^ tel k / sh ■ f 1st s ) 2d s ker / ch r p / f j ( b J v V_lstntl N N > 2dntl v 1st nt ^ 2d nt V_ 1st ntr^2d ntr kel /? u ns of £> g C pen C ^ g 6^ gr ^ pr bn © e br o a /9 ns 6^ g Gr gr 6- pr (/ br o a 7^7 tern ^pl 6-^gl ^> pi ^ bl O o WORD-SIGNS ^ and-end-hand ^^ during-trust V enter — ^ deliver handle /^~ near-nor accord-car ^ more CONTRACTIONS correct ^~~f corporation " — ■* credit ^~~r^ correspondence claim O instant-instance railroad c ^ street accordance-course cordial clerk-collect railway O time tomorrow ^- interest ^ Q ^ / hundred-under equal ^ gentlemen 26 CHURCHILL SIMPUS SHORTHAND PHRASING ; is at hand 6* J a t an y ti me - — -r in accordance duty —r ■> deaden detach ^ through 6^1 attempt T~. damage 'o\ demand ix — -" broker ^ Homer rumor -xcamel -r crop ^ — ' occur o'clock local owner ^r manner flannel ^^ history cJ^ straighten y tariff -^ true c \ other ' ^ mother J father zj delay ~< send-t <^^ land ^L rent -V- renter ^V__ rental cr-v attend *"--R^_candle WRITE IN LONGHAND CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 27 SENTENCES FOR PRACTICE Your note is at our office. You may go today if it would suit you. You may send us two cars of coal and eight cars of coke. If you- can send us a car load of wood you may do so. Gentlemen : In accordance to cor- respondence which is at hand today, he will pay c^^ ~^__j^ fd 1 the clerk tomorrow. TEST EXERCISE history, steady, deaden, straighten, shall, manner, his, local, relate, short, put, detach, prompt, rumor, camel, good, occur, delay, is, Homer, demand, ago, date, owner, no, ship, meaner, which, attempt, broker, not, damage, o'clock, flannel, go, crop, in, true, change, duty, land, it, renter, judge; candle, send, mantel, the, rental, attend, in accordance, traitor, stone, accord, render, clean, course, would, battle, gentlemen, across, dollar, victim, tender, be, study, sender, but, tree, trick, have, clothe, at any time, factory, deliver, draw, stand, cordial, for, grand, our, is the time, lender, slander, apprehend, track, debt, plant, 28 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND well, grant, our, event, is at hand, clear, during, will, lend, fiddle, postal, and, close, correct, it will, plumber, trust, instance, hindrance, are, it will be, or, corporation, credit, entry, on hand, tomorrow, interest, hundred, enter, today, hunter, near, at, a-an, hand, clerk, nor, claim, corres- pondence, that, end, am, equal, street, railroad, railway, instant. WRITE IN SHORTHAND Our car leaves at three o'clock. You may ship the goods if you can do so. The land- will cost you $33 an acre. You may deliver it for us tomorrow. He will do well to sell all of his goods during May. Your broker seems to take an interest in your good credit. The railway clerk will send it to you on time. It will be your duty to rent the land of him. LESSON V 29. Diphthongs.— The diphthong I is composed of Italian A followed by E, while 01 begins with a somewhat broader sound of A finishing with E. 01 is made larger than I. These characters may be inverted ; as in y/y life, or the small circle may be contracted to an angle; as in ^ size. Note carefully how O and U are joined in forming. OW or OU. Also note the same distinction in EW and EU. ^ eye e by o^^ sly PENMANSHIP EXERCISE ti — cdcH s& ri ^°X\ > thi ^© mi >^p ki e bi e pi -g> toi -— x^doi /£> roi ,^<£loi ^ moi vi£> koi poi 4> boi thow^jmow . --t^kow ^ fow ^i few J> vew / bew £ pew 30. EW or EU may be contracted to ^ U. /^^ lieu ^2^ music ^ new 31. W and Y are coalescents. Each is made up of two different sounds which, taken together, make the necessary sound. W is represented by U. There is no danger of W and U causing trouble as W is always followed by a vowel while U is followed by a consonant. Where W is followed by a circle vowel, make the hook for W small and above the circle. The form starts similar to the figure 2. 9 we £ way ^ woo jt—tj widow ^ window J weave 32. Phonetically, WH is HW, and in shorthand H is written first. wheat <^ whack ( whip r 3Q CHURCHILL S1MPLIS SHORTHAND 33. W is disjoined in words if a better outline may be had. It will be noticed that O, AH and AW are not omitted after W. The advanced writer usually omits W altogether in the following words: ^r q uit «o quick -9- quote -v- to-wit. o why **" wire &^ while ? watch Q-^ week word w-u o~ with i-t ^2- what w-t rr" one w-n carry q doubt J feel-fill Cp give-n /^look /o name /f P° or ^s power could-curious D did c/ favor s duly i full-y jury ,^- mail £ people / pure 6? gave ^let-letter move £ point- appoint-ment 6 possible j /° remain-remit- tance testimony very PHRASES 40. "I" is contracted to A before F, V, M, and P. cr^ I am r I hope If I have been f has been c I cannot be able tf yes, sir sl^> to take a 23d Avenue street car. 7^ ^> Will you go with me to see our fiiend tomorrow? - -y />^ Gentlemen : May we not send 4 *-> JS "i ^ «-" you some of our dress goods ? ^^> p /■^ We have them on hand and can ship at anytime if it would a^> 2 — suit you. xr - <^> * i ours truly, ' -*- READING EXERCISE TEST EXERCISE we, year, summer, check, merit, was, advantage, it has been, widow, and, theory, them, owl, grantor, what, avenue, I will not, way, I, payee, should, hue, valid, one, America-n, yes, sir, woo, size, deliver, per, foul, may, call, beg, no, sir, oil, window, museum, intend, alike, of, yes, enter, high, Owen, good, pause, all, out, allow, did, ■ use it, care, we cannot, weave, life, rush, radius, am, ground, use, body, favor, use, any, whip, sly, paid, around, 34 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND thresh, wonder, quaint, Lydia, much, pound, hide, world, gave, let, zest, quote, sight, made, aviate, show, word, quit, spoil, with, letter, accord, took, round, obtain, move, quick, send, ago, bank, higher, this, point, power, to-wit, zero, file, barge, paper, near, ice, appoint, bow, drain, follow, by, remain, equip, few, bathe, go, bound, summon, dwell, new, ear, the, there, remittance, at, island, my, why, cue, clothe, their, soon, try, behold, very, boy, testimony, I am, wire, youth, then, thence, jump, while, music, than, able, lies, boa, watch, I am not, during, come, more, came, wagon, murmur, were, profit, come, shall, build, mania, I have, I hope, wish, wait, war, occur, want, would not, rapid, his, yell, clause, had not, went, price, willow, about, duly, I have not, when, ac- quaint, fluent, make, will, glad, every, full-y, we may not, and, trust, get, yoke, beauty, jury, I cannot, where, in, abundant, ship, thousand, attend, all of, to, week, wool, done, mail, of all, hand, inch, boil, wife, lessen, doubt, people, of our, Yale, adopt, debt, feel, whittle, drayage, yet, possible, be able, any, coil, win, indict, fill, do, ignorant, I have been able, year, date, quaint, drop, give-n, I may be able, found, announce, caught, look, benefit, sound, have been, bad, quiet, far, ten, name, down, town, like, how, fraud, ten, poor, pure. Gentlemen : What can we do for you in the way of wood and coal for the season? We have ten cars that we can load and ship in two days. We should like to hear promptly. Yours truly, How is W formed? Illustrate. How is Y formed? Illustrate. Explain how W may sometimes not be written in the body of a word. CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 35 LESSON VI. . 41. Abbreviation. — The complete alphabet has been given in the preceding lessons and no word can be written without using some element already learned. In the lessons that are to follow, abbreviating principles are given which shorten words so that they may be writ- ten with the greatest possible speed. Certain syllables and prefixes as well as suffixes are shortened, some being joined, while others are' disjoined. NOTE. In paragraphs 47, 55, and 56 outlines .will be found which will be slightly abbreviated. Before H, W, and a few consonants where the circle for A cannot be easily joined, A may be rep- resented by the use of a dot, placed at the beginning of the word. The dot for A never conflicts with H, as H is always read before a vowel. " — -ahead ^~ aware o2-" awake y° anew "Q ahoy i~) away 42. B, D,and R, when followed by long E, are seldom vocalized when used as prefixes. Omit the vowel in MIS and DIS. t/below ■ -?- deceit /~^ retain — —j- display . , — -^ disease / """^— -v miscount 43. COM, CON, and the occasional prefixes CAN, COG, COUN and CUM are represented by K. ^-y convey v-^o contain ^-^condemn V^t5~ complain ^J3 commence ^9^ commerce candy w-*> county 36 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 44. EM and IM are represented by M, unless followed by a vowel. If the prefix is followed by a vowel, it should also begin with a vowel. *~p imprint £> letter of the 25th instant ^<& ° youf favor of the 9th ofy we have your favor of the 8th ^r? We shall fill out what we can of 9 lean ^*> in my s* in all H^ in more < to be able ^ will not I will be able < we will be able <«r our own ;• of which j^ we are not <2^> we cannot ^ we will not ^ were not COMMERCIAL PHRASES - — r Dear Sir — r Dear Sirs ^ r My dear Sir ^Dear Madam ^-^ My dear Madam y Very truly ^/ Very truly yours />* Very respectfully /^ Very respectfully yours 7 2 ? Yours Yours truly Yours very truly Yours respectfully Yours very respectfully Respectfully yours Sincerely yours Yours sincerely Cordially yours 40 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND LETTERS FOR PRACTICE Dear Sir : Your note was due on the 27th of May and you have as yet not ^/^> ^ 9<=r- > ^— paidit. We should like to have the cash - * e -^y? C by June 15, as we have accounts that/jr y <^> \ ^ — -,$- are due on that date and it would help v ^ us to meet them if you will be able to '^t '-^- v—. T^f pay at that time. -r o vC^ J^ Very truly yours, Bear Sir: We should like to have -_, g_ -^^7 you go to the country with us on the 15th, >7 Yours very truly, ^/ TEST EXERCISE ahead, wish, poor, candy, introduce, fortune, overcome, renew, am not, My dear Madam, in, wonder, possible, commerce, entertain, sublease, transgress; devote, renewal, are not, Very truly, any, word, could, power, commence, interrupt, subsequent, translate, committee, restrain. CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 41 we may, ga, world, curious, common, enterprise, are of, substance, transit, compress, good, Very truly yours, yes, did, condemn, Very respectfully, doubt, this, com- plain, interfere, accommodate, congress, shorthand, if, no, Yours truly, about, duly, testimony, intellectual, incom- plete, conceive, subway, I can, Yours very truly, not, ob- ject, favor, very, cancel, intelligence, circulation, in all, em- body, one of the men, is, acknowledge, feel, aware, con- tain, indulgence, selfish, excess, to be able, day of the week, his, advantage, fill, awake, convey, intelligent, self-esteem, Indulgent, exclaim, anew, I will be able, wonder of the world, avenue, full, employee, out, noncontagious, excuse, will not, allow, gave, ahoy, immoral, noncommittal, self-content, express, uncommon, of which, use, letter of the 2d inst., America-n, give-n, away, imprint, self- confessed, impeach, undergo, our own, your favor of the 9th inst., usual, jury, below, encounter, exceed, was, magnify, incorrect, on your, ever, let, we have your favor of the 8th, deceit, enroute, magnanimous, incomplete, we are not, watch, every, letter, retain, enable, except, magni- tude, increase, unpaid, we can, Respectfully yours, week, ignorant, look, argue, invite, extend, McDonald, indeed, we will, were, one, mail> else, Very respectfully yours, instead, explain, MacKenzie, innocent, were not, what, most, Yours respectfully, beauty, move, regain, inspect, expense, McVey, interviews which will, Sincerely yours, when, unable, forfeit, multiply, outline, we will be able, where, Yours sincerely, behold, name, unaware, forenoon, alter, multiple, Dear Sir, why, body, wire, Yours very respectfully, people, furnish, uncommon, multitude, debate, call, Dear Sirs, Cordially yours, recall, point, country, unseen, foresee, overcame, deceive, recourse, while, My dear Sir, care, appoint, county, unload, foreign, overdo, degree, refuse, Dear Madam. 42 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND LESSON VII. 61. Long words, and even some short words, may- be ended as soon as I, SH, NG and NGK are written. Should the writer so desire, an additional stroke may be written to words shortened under this rule, but it is seldom necessary. SIGN, SIGHT and a very few other short words are better written in full. v^__jp client ~^> write flight sure 9> assure />» insure prettily / gently readily calmly literally CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 43 « 65. BLE is represented by B. •^-/readable -7- double — ^ trouble 66. FULL, FORE, and FUR or FER are rep- resented by F. ^-j confer f hopeful ^—7 skillful 67. HOOD is represented by HU, joined if more convenient. 4>^ boyhood ^6" manhood <^-i? womanhood 68. LESS is represented by L. ^senseless s^ unless 69. MENt is represented by M. st^^ argument — -w^document -f nonpayment 70. NESS is represented by Second N. &> goodness ^j> kindness himself -^ itself *** oneself y yourself v-^ themselves y yourselves 44 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 73. WARD is represented by D. °^ awkward -^ — forward — f downward 74, A dot placed by the side of a stroke indicates ING or THING. First S placed in the position of the dot represents INGS. Any word or syllable may be written in the place of the dot and ING will in this way be represented. If any other letter than I precedes NG, write the dot at the end of the stroke. ^ wrong *^^ long-length v-* king C* bring ? doing -} doings \. thing-think \ things <* anything s- nothing / being there '/y kingdom willingly So knowingly /l lovingly Covington tf-* Harrington ^ Huntington S^ longer s^' linger 2 X* finger 75. The syllables TED and DED may be rep- resented by a disjoined T, placed under and to the right of the last stroke. ER, especially after word-signs and contractions, is represented by R disjoined. IVE and TIVE are represented by a disjoined V. In like manner other strokes may be disjoined if by so doing the indi- viduality may be retained. / shipped 1/ shipper v ^claimant / changed changer oppressive / ( judged kindest 7 creditable CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 45 76. IFICATION is represented by a disjoined F. ^—^/classification — 'y' notification P~J ratification 77. GRAM is represented by a disjoined GR. y^ cablegram <^^- program — o diagram 78. GRAPH is represented by disjoined G. w stenograph ^-^ mimeogranh J photograph O CS £, 79. MENTAL-ITY is represented by a dis- joined M. /^=-A instrumental ^ sentimentality >< fundamental 80. OLOGY is represented by a disjoined J. ^/ physiology >/ theology SI zoology 81. SHIP is represented by SH disjoined. — /7 township J^P fellowship <^r^ steamship 82. TIC-ENTIC is represented by K disjoined. /P domestic y^P sarcastic °^ authentic 83. ICLE is represented by KL disjoined, ^p icicle ^2 radical ^— g~_ ^critical 46 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 84. ULATE is represented by a disjoined U. emulate £, speculate <^ speculator C, speculative c -tCT stimulate y> stipulate 85. Disjoin the stroke just preceding ITY. o/ ability < 3-W activity &- v^xtjuality ^7 majority ~a^ — j- > * J i — V 6 : > \ /Jff CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 47 LETTERS FOR PRACTICE My dear Sir: I will see what I can do r\ on the piece of land that you — wish to buy I think that this ? can be had for $25 an acre. ^ Would you take it if you knew — that you would not have to pay __ more than this price? There —* are 120 acres and the land is q * ^ _. ^^ J quite good. VerytnilyyourS( ^.c, 2 Dear Madam : We have a piece of land cr ^ t 7 /* u out in Cass County that we know ^^- tf^ ^> ^^-o v^ you would take should you get a ^ . cl> i 5 t?-~ chance to see it. It lies well . a* -j — f - ^y^ and the soil is of a black clay ^ _ S^^J c . £Zs loam. It will raise any kind of ^_s> ^*y — ^^€ /^^ crops and the price is only $80 an £^_^- v 6< J — . «=» models "» steals <=deals ■ — - £==> details c^f strangers corner ^6 corn — -^ term £-, virtue 6~ sort -g- resort ^2 -heard your -^-rr^> ultimately J- field 00. N is reversed to indicate R ^ earn <^ yearn ^rlearn c ^~' ornate 0/ orange '-sy / * morning 91. When R is weakly vocalized it may be safely omitted, as is often done by some speakers. R may be inserted at any time by striking it through the vowel. Well defined syllables grow out of this method; as, set, J SE, and verse by writing; turn larger sir, sur bv /VES. writing j SE, cord Js firm /"P- insert v -^ concern CHURCHILL SIMPUS SHORTHAND 9- worthy certain assert clergy surplus versify worse surprise versatile 51 92. When T is final it is seldom written after S or K, and in other places where the sound is weak. —-^defect *^j largest ^^ protest detest a/ earnest £r happiest /afHict ^ repute absolute ~2-o affidavit £7"zT" amanuensis 4 appear ^ aristocrat Jj benefactor collateral ^ conspicuous — -^ deposit discrepancy ^^eliminate rs enthusiasm ^/"erroneous ^^ establish-ment ^ exorbitant £ experience ^/ extravagance o^" facilitate material ^/^miscellaneous ^ percent-proceed "H2H> ^ reciprocate s*"*' remunerate ^^ replevin ''^ridiculous >^* solicit ^~ synonymous 52 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 95, Contractions accented on the first syllable and containing a vowel and more than two consonants. o^ pleasant & ^"""predicate fe principle c_^scoundi:el y present-ence prejudice simple system c^ practice £f privilege J-p sample C specify 96. Many long words may be shortened by writ- ing enough so that the writer will have no trouble in f-eading them. This system gives ample opportunity to abbreviate certain words that might come under any special line of work. Some writers are able to contract a great deal, while others find it to their lik- ing to write their notes very completely. oVttorney w consist ^-control — eT/tiiligence g*^ agriculture ^ arrange-ment designate 4 "b disproportionate above bankrupt difficult-y educate-tion ^extemporaneous xJ extreme <£- hesitate V -2^ extraordinary indiscriminate immediate-ly fa jurisdiction /^ j urisprudence ^rnemorandum ^p messenger ssCtnortgSLgoT L observe a_rordinary €/ organ £/ perpendicular ^^~ plaintiff £& proud & prepare CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 53 remedy seclude 7 resignation telephone PHRASES -? resistance vindicate «Z in fact I will try if ever last week >w which you can ^ exercise 2 house legislate matter -middle number °r accompany Q-r acceptance ty beyond y? capable ^^ character {r' child ^~^~ communicate- ^ consult tion 2 ) ^r f&~ e cf particular <^> ss> receipt / ^ L - receive ^C/ regular ^r~ regulate criminal — -j* difference effort ^^^electric especial %^~ excel-lent familiar J first insult y^ legal liberty s^ little method <^ir-\ member nature /£/ neglect natural operate g<< organize opportunity £? proof-prove promise recollect ^ — -record remember ^ represent remembrance 1 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 57 result c+- satisfy-actory ( separate **- settle-city J several £ signify-ature ^-n similar / suggest-ion Sz> small A^ success-succeed territory -r testify -©- title c^- — verdict 'r total r tribute ^~ witness 1- yesterday CONTRACTIONS WITHOUT VOWELS c_^ ask ~7 attention C become 6 better ( business r company w confident danger "~7 defend-ant — -7 definite -y depend-ent desire — i develop ~~~Zs disgust ?>-* enclose-ure ^ form-from > freight- 2 future /- general-ize ' glad > govern O^ great -? important- independent ance ( ^7 influence l_ invoice ^7y magazine ^ Messrs. sj necessary -moderate must s~U negotiate I never r opinion £ part-y please ( popular I probable & s progress 6 purpose prospect / publish \ ( public 58 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 6 purchase advertise-ment ^ catholic L — f> discount -€ somehow somewhat >& somewhere thereafter w thereof therewith N -- / ~ therein upon y whatever wheresoever whereat <3f whereby whereabouts O whenever *p whensoever whereof ^ wherein cff whereupon ^withdraw wherefore whoever withdrew whosoever ^° withold cr-z> witheld whatsoever cr-^ without 60 CHURCHILL SIMPIJS SHORTHAND CONTRACTED PHRASES /f as soon as possible X/ as far as possible >^/as long as possible ^f as well as possible ^r as near as possible >u^ as a matter of fact <2_£ acknowledge receipt of C& by mail by return mail £_ beg to state fc> bil beg to advise Sill of lading better than early mail earliest convenience .early date o early day <2^ early attention C -earliest possible date r-y enclosed please find ^>^ glad to see I hope to have ' it is possible z^_^j)in consequence /^ in receipt of /Y in reply to bill of sale — o^ day or two is said to be / Justice of the Peace xwLadies and Gentlemen >^^ longer than *&-* in a day or two more and more -fnore or less t^T~^ on account of —> £k — r , those h though Q Oh 64 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND Q, Ah & yea , thus does -^wool <^ spool 4< pull fe^lspoil v 7 poison 1 sign 98. After the student has become thoroughly familiar with the principles contained in the preceding lessons, he will find that many vowels may be omitted in the middle of outlines without impairing their legi- bility. In determining the proper vocalization of words, the writer should confine himself as nearly as possible to the following suggestions: Initial and final vowels are almost always written. One medial vowel is all that any word needs for legibility. If the word contains several medial vowels, and there seems to be no choice as far as ease of writing is concerned, write the accented vowel; as, in PACK- AGE, write it P-A-K-J, leaving AGE unvocalized. If a word has three or more consonants, it is not necessary to use any vowels. However, it is never wise to omit a vowel if its insertion w r ould produce a more flowing outline. An omitted vowel may be indicated, if the writer so desires, by placing its diacritical mark below its position in the word. ^~^ckrpentev <~r six ^-^ sixth l/l charge ^--f secondary " ^ sacrifice ^/^demolish ^ respect /"5/ demurrage c ^-secret W section (y- — - guidance CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 65 <* — 2 residence ^ ^ skill '£- — y precedence V- stupid j{ cabbage w — f condition passage / ^ petition ^S3i condemnation SHORTHAND INITIALS o A [ B ^C Do E J F O G ' ' . H Q^R POINTS OF THE COMPASS north 9 east ^ south ? west north-east j south-east £ south-west /? north-west DAYS OF THE WEEK £ Sunday ^ Monday -j Tuesday P^ Wednesday v Thursday Jo Friday «=** Saturday MONTHS OF THE YEAR ^/ January California v — o Col6rado v^s>~- Connecticut — ^Delaware — ; >f°Florida ^7—Idaho O Iowa y\ Louisiana ^-9 Massachu- setts ^ Mississippi ^ Nebraska £ New Jersey- North Car- olina * Oklahoma ^rhillippine Islands South Dakota --^Texas o/ f Virginia J- Wisconsin Op Georgia c? d^ Illinois ^~ v_^ Kansas ^j> S-& Maine ^^ ^ Michigan ^nf ^-q Missouri ^-\^ Nevada /? i District of Columbia Hawaii Indiana Kentucky Maryland Minnesota Montana New Hamp- shire New Mexico /^-^ New York North Dakota O Ohio <3^ } Oregon Js Porto Rico yf South ^r 6 Pennsylvania Rhode Island Carolina ^- Utah 9/, Washington &l Wyoming Tennessee Vermont West Virginia CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 67 LARGE CITIES GIVEN IN ORDER OF POPULATION The following outlines are only suggestive of how any proper names may be written. If the name is to be written a great deal, it is only necessary to write enough so that the word can be read. If, however, the name is uncommon and reference cannot be had as to its spelling, pronunciation, etc., it is well to make the outline very complete. New York % Washington ^ Worcester 4^ Chicago >*_£ Kansas City ^? Syracuse <^St. Louis .^C Manila ^^o Memphis £_ Boston 1&- Jersey City ^ — £ Scranton ^Cleveland ^ Providence & Spokane <^Z Cincinnati ' — -^ Columbus ^^7^ Cambridge ~» Newark — ■ < u Toledo /if Bridgeport u New Orleans cO Atlanta (y^Sslt Lake City Seattle C>_je Oakland / y > ^6 cS° - ^Mf^'l crw, /^ 7 ^ /. ^ v^ 7 -/ ' 7/ cj^ ' J^ 7 6 J £, 3o. J-, ^r-y ^s ^ >^o 70 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND The Expert Training School, Flint, Mich. Gentlemen: We have received from our Detroit Branch school agreement covering the sale of twenty-five typewriters. We thank you heartily for the order and trust that when you need more equipment in the way of typewriters, you will not forget us with further orders. We desire at this time to call your attention to the fact that we are maintaining at our various Branch Offices an employment de- partment to which we shall be pleased to have you refer any of your graduates who may desire assistance in securing positions. Thanking you for past favors, we are Yours truly, Mr. L. C. Scott,. Huron, S. Dak. Dear Sir: We last wrote you under date of March I4tb, and would like to know whether the situation is such that you will give us the order for your book, and about when you feel that you might be in a position to do so. Our inquiry is occasioned by the fact that we would like to get the summer work lined up as early as possible, and can well provide for the doing of it properly, with best service and convenience to you. We inclose a stamped envelope for your convenience in replying, and trust that we may hear from you shortly. Yours very truly, Peoples Coal Co., Dixon, 111. Gentlemen: In answer to the indorsement made on the proof of your adver- tisement to appear in the forthcoming edition of the Dixon Exchange Telephone Book, would say that our authority for continuing the ad is based on your signed order, of which the inclosed is a copy. After the advertisement is run in the forthcoming edition, and the $15.00 which will be due on the publication of the book is paid, the order will expire. Unless we hear from you to the contrary, the advertisement will be continued in the forthcoming edition, the same as it appears in the current edition. Thanking you for your patronage, we are Yours very truly, 4 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND j •■ /V "5 s 6> 7f ^- . *.%-''/ z / r £ -K^ ^, £- - /v ' ■ r/ / ^ ^/^ ^ ;/ "* r 72 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND Competent, 33, Care of Press. In answer to your advertisement for a competent stenographer, as published in the Press of November 28th, please consider me an applicant for the posititon. I am eighteen years old, have been graduated from high school, and from the Commercial Training School of this city. Outside of two weeks that I worked in the office of the last named school I have had no business experience. Besides being rapi£ and accurate in shorthand and typewriting, I have taken a short course in book- keeping. T have made a special study of writing sales letters, dunning letters, etc., and have learned to fill in form letters. I have also studied follow-up systems, filing, and indexing. You may ask Mr. Joseph Harrington, 324 Wealthy Street, Cashier of the First National Bank, about my character and relia- bility. I should also be glad to refer you to Mr. Henry L, King, Principal of the Commercial Training School. I shall be pleased to call upon you at any time that would be most convenient to you for an interview. Very truly yours, The Indian Medicine Co., Marshalltown, Iowa. Gentlemen: By today's mail we are sending you a copy of the February number of Popular Mechanics, in which appear the advertisements of a number of our clients ; we believe there are eight, all told. They represent varied interests, but in each case the advertiser is doing well. Among the number represented is one advertisement which has appeared in seventy-five different publications, and has paid in seventy-four of them. We have never before heard of a record that would equal it, and we do not know that we could duplicate it. This is the advertisement of the Haywood Tire and Equipment Company, of Indianapolis, page 160 of the advertising section. Mr. Haywood says that the January advertisement has pulled wonderfully well, and instructs us to place the same copy in the March issue. That will be three consecutive insertions for it — January, February, and March. On page 170 appears the advertisement of the McCreery Manu- facturing Company. For fifteen years their business was placed through another agency. You are at perfect liberty to write them and ask what they think of the Miller Advertising Company service. Don't you think it worth while talking over your proposition with us? Yours very truly, CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 73 ~&S). P-^-, W ^ ^ v.^ ^^-l L^ 7 ^ / ^My 3 — - - -^— " • — «— - - *-^ ^ ^ e_ y c / J^_ ^ ^ — ,^ y '* "v *£*■ ^^ if^o£^f^,-^ 74 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND TESTIMONY Q. Do you know the plaintiff in this case? A. Yes, sir; I do. Q. Did you know her at the time of the accident ? A. I did. Q. Have you seen her since that time ? A. I have. Q. How many times? A. I can't say exactly. Q. Well, about how many times? A. Possibly ten or a dozen times. Q. Do you know how many people were there at the time this plaintiff was hurt ? A. I cannot remember exactly. Q. You must have some idea as to the number. A. We will say five or six. Q. Will you state the names of those you know? A. I cannot recollect their names. Q. How did you happen to be at the car? A. I was going to take a car for home. Q. Where do you reside? A. At 154 East Street. Q. Did you live at 154 East Street at the time of the accident? A. I did. O. Do you recollect the time of day you took this car ? A. It might have been five p. m. Q. What was the name of the car? A. It was a Taylor car. Q. Did the car come to a full stop? A. Not at the time the girl was hurt. -^ O. How far did the car go after the accident? A. It may have been ten or a dozen feet. 0. What is the name of the conductor of the car? A. I think his name is Carter. Q. Have you ever heard his name mentioned in connection with this accident? Objected to as incompetent, irrelevant and immaterial. Objec- tion sustained. Q. Do you know if Mr. Carter called upon her after the accident? A. I do not know for sure that he did. CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 75 r^e <2 &>—* C a^ v <^~2^ s> K. t>- 7, -^ _yp ^> I — e^rf o /i-y £y Q. -^-2/=> : i 7 Qs e 7 o /sv £S J- r ^ /p CU' /£- 2 a- y * 76 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND Gentlemen of the Jury: As this is the first case that you are to try during the six weeks which you are to sit here, perhaps it will be appropriate for me to say something of our respective duties. It is my duty, as presiding judge, to preside during the trial and to direct what evidence shall be submitted to you, and to direct the general course of the pro- ceedings, and, finally, to state the law applicable to each case, with- out expressing any opinion about the facts. It is your duty, on the other hand, to decide all controverted questions of fact, taking your law from the court. You are bound to assume that I am giving you correct law, whether I am or not, and it will be correct law until the Supreme Court, who have a chance to review me, say that it is not correct law. You ought to assume, when I state the law to you, that it is a correct statement of the law, and apply the facts to the law. You are selected as jurors, and in my opinion you can perform no better service for the state. You are practically judges of fact, and have very important matters to determine. You can not generally be reviewed; it is only in unusual and extreme cases that your verdicts can be interfered with; and therefore your natural feeling, of course, would be not only that you ought to decide ail cases justly, but that you must so decide them, having taken an oath to decide all questions of fact in accordance with the evidence and under the law given to you by the court. If it were not for jurors to help the Court, I do not know how we should get on, This system which we now have has been in existence for a great many years; we inherited it, so to speak, from our mother country; and I presume it will be in vogue long after you and I have passed over to the other side. It is the best system we have ; it is not claimed it is perfect, but it is claimed that it is the best system we know of. The law contemplates, and the statute provides, that CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 77 ^ ^ ■*> 1 -7 2- v U, X. <£>- f ^> ( _, 2-, ^ «, — ^ c) && <^-T> 3 ^ <- j. ^. 'X_? £ c^ /-vs? J ^—r ( / ^ ? 7y -^ -, Os J L -^ ^r -^ p a ^ ? -r % f-r v_/2 -7 _ £ y ^^j^JPt 7 78 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND jurors shall be men of good moral character and sound judgment ; and with such jurors we expect substantial justice. In the term of court upon which you are just entering you will have many im- portant cases to decide, and this case is an important case, im- portant both to this defendant and to this plaintiff. The plaintiff, gentlemen, is always the person who brings the suit. In this case, it is Mr. Smith. The defendant is the person or corpo- ration defending the suit. In this case it is this railroad corpora- tion. I think sometimes lawyers and judges use the words "plain- tiff" and "defendant" so readily that they forget that jurors do not always understand those terms at the beginning of the term. I sat once for nearly a whole term of court, and then one juryman came and asked me, "Who is the plaintiff and who is the defendant?" so I think it is always well to start by stating carefully that the plaintiff is the person or company which brings the suit, and the defendant is the person or company which is defending. The law puts upon one party or the other what is called the burden of proof. In a criminal case this burden of proof must be sustained beyond a reasonable doubt. THOUGHTS ON BUSINESS By W. P. Warren A MOTIVE FOR ACTION To allow ourselves to be cheated out of an opportunity is not only unfair to ourselves, but it is unfair to others, for it also cheats them out of the good we might be able to do them if we had taken advantage of the opportunity. Let us hope that there are few men selfish enough to think that a man owes nothing to his fellowmen. It is a commonly accepted thought that a man has certain moral CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 79 c v $'\ 7 ^~~ ~* t L -g. <_e^ ^ >"bs / ^ i 9 ZL " ~~y £, o< o^&~ v_ ^ e ^y £^1^ / o ^ ^ ><° . 2i 2 ' £*/ <^ "7/ ^ V 7 - £ -%-- - ^ # v>» ^2^ *^> ■v, ^ <^ — -^ 7 ^ , ^ r \ Jr-iT i ? \ - -z5" ^r- ^ 9 t 80 CHURCHIU, SIMPLIS SHORTHAND obligations to others, and that he who wilfully neglects them, for- feits his right to the respect of his fellows. The endeavor to attain proficiency in any wholesome line of work, to surpass the standards of merit that have been attained by others, and to improve continually on our own past achievements, is the spirit of the honorable life. It is not for ourselves alone that we strive to attain a high standard, but because we should do our share toward the general progress of the world. To see it thus gives new energy to our endeavors and makes success more sure. A man's interest cannot be entirely separated from that of his fellows. The highest success cannot be attained without something of altru- ism in our motives, for that lifts our thoughts to a higher capacity than selfishness can possibly do. In order to do your best for your- self you are forced to be an altruist. THE MORAL FOUNDATION Every ambitious worker keenly desires to find what is commonly called "the secret of success." Many writers have endeavored to assist in finding it, and much good has been accomplished by their efforts. Each man, according to his experiences and purposes, sees the question from a different viewpoint. But, "however varied may be the views and the manner of expressing them, all men are practically agreed on the indispensable value of moral qualities. The very strength of the mind lies in pureness of heart. Judgment is a perception of the true relation of things, energy is born of pur- pose, accuracy is the love of perfection, and sincerity — the corner stone of every worthy structure — is quarried only from the depths of the truly honest heart. Any so-called "secret of success" which ignores the moral founda- tion is either superficial or unsafe. Cleverness, without morality, deceives most the persons who practice it. To have the letter CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 81 « 7 £47 <synS ^ •3- y *-€* Z. Ce /* 9~ r - .... A/ , { V ^A * ^ ' 1 t^i J *V ^ v -« / <_s^ J ££Lff ^s> ^° >4. -^.y <^? / /- o^ 82 CHURCHILL SIMPUS SHORTHAND without the spirit makes machines of men ; and to have any spirit less than the best is to miss something in the measure of success. Crafty policies are not wisdom, but are ignorant substitutes for sound morals. Nothing can ever take the place of those great fundamen- tals — honesty, sincerity, and a pure mind. The real secret of success must ever be, "Think right, do right." THE GREATEST BUSINESS MAXIM The business life affords perhaps the best opportunity to test the practical value of the Golden Rule. It is significant that busi- ness men are coming more and more to see and advocate this rule — not merely as a result of moral teachings received outside of business circles, but as a conclusion which business experience itself has forced upon them. In business affairs the practice of the Golden Rule stands for all that is honorable, and progressive, and just. The business houses which attain a measure of prestige and wholesome reputation are those in which this spirit obtains, in some degree at least. And perhaps no wrong trait in the personality of a business will more quickly receive the censure and discredit of other business men than does the absence of fairness — which is but another way of saying the absence of the spirit of the Golden Rule. HEADED FOR THE TOP Resourcefulness is the star accomplishment. It is the master- key that fits all the locks of business requirements. I recently heard a good story about an office boy — "may his tribe increase". He took the "message to Garcia", and he got it there on time. The boy was given a letter to be delivered to a man at his home that evening, and was told it was very important that the man should have the letter before eight o'clock. When he got there, "Garcia" had gone out, his family did not know where. The boy asked where CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND S3 SLs &e 7 ^ Hff * - ^ £ -3 I ^-tfo 9 . - 7 r >s " i 7. £ *7 ^ -Z_ c_0 ^ f ^-f> 7 # -^r ^ 6/ c-P V «^T C — / T? _? C? r 7 Cstf U CS~ — v ° 1 6^ £P ^ ^A dT f ■■ ■■ .:■■■- -y-"-V- / : 6 • ^ v"'rr"-^'^V 86 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND do his work well and thereby make himself indispensable to his employer; and when the time comes to choose a man for a higher position the choice will likely fall upon him who has done his work well. I have sometimes found it difficult to find the right man for the Government service. There are plenty of men to fill every job, but few who want the job for its own sake. This applies equally in business. There are too many who seek work for the salary alone. As a result, sometimes if they are well paid, they will commit acts for which they would not otherwise be responsible. The new order that is coming to the fore in the business world does not seek this kind of man. It is looking for the man who will work for the satisfaction of work well done — for the joy of achieve- i ment. For him there are large opportunities. — Taft. CIVIL SERVICE DICTATION Our present system of transportation by rail is not keeping pace with our rapid increase of production and consumption. Most of the transportation is over rail, and we have utilized our rivers only in a meager way. This is essentially true of our interior waterways. Water traffic, to a large extent, is localized around the Great Lakes, and splendid as are the results, still the benefits have failed to reach the great interior sources of production. Even this limited area of water transportation, however, demonstrates advantages and shows that waterways should be established and assured as a perma- nent part of the traffic system. Over the region of the central west lies a great freight-producing area. Under the all-rail system of carrying freight the western producer fails to reach the markets with a profit, and the consuming world is denied access to these interior fields of production. For several years the roads have failed to move the crops in season, and before long they will be able to move only a portion of the farm products to market. Leaders in railroad CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 87 TV" '*>?■ a* & ^T '^ 88 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND transportation recently estimated that the next ten years would require seventy-five thousand miles more of trackage construction to meet the requirements of the normal growth of the country. It is quite unlikely that the necessary increase of railroad mileage and equipment will be made. Wisdom and experience point to a com- prehensive program of interior waterway improvement. Encour- agement of production is not rational if we neglect the natural facilities for distribution. — From The Congressional Record. From the time when man produced more than he consumed and desired other than what he produced, carriers became important. Settlements were made in the New World on the seashore and on the banks of rivers where transportation by water was possible, but each man at first was his own carrier, and he exchanged his for his neighbor's products. With thrift and enterprise a surplus greater than the needs of immediate neighborhood exchanges was created, and the common carrier became a necessity. At first the Government, recognizing the need, entered into the business of carry- ing products for the benefit of the people; highways were built, boat lines established, and canals dug. These were operated either without charge to the people or by imposing a charge upon the user of the means of transportation. In the early forties the railroad wras born, and regions remote from navigable waters were opened up to settlement. Some wild dreamer of the Revolutionary times may have had a vision of the twentieth century commerce, but such vision was never expressed, and certainly it never entered into the mind of the statesmen of early days what wonderful things were to come to pass. Then wants were simple and desire was modest. The luxuries of yesterday have become necessities of today. Inventive genius has revolutionized past ideals and ancient methods; ignorance, superstition, and religious fanaticism and bigotry, which once blocked the way of progress and blinded the eyes of genius, have been ruthlessly crushed to death. — Charles E. Townsend. CHURCHILL SIMPLIS .SHORTHAND 89 -^T ^ <£4td ^ n^> <^ ^ 7i" v^ ^ / k & 9 ~f ^ £ > / L. sj 7 f *^ 90 CHURCHILL SIMPUS SHORTHAND DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE T ^* 7 —2 -* -z £ / "£> L / J & > >z ^-^^r ^ (T / C^ ^ &<-r (ft SD X ^^ / ^ 2 7 >4 ^r f."'t5^ / ? CHURCHILL S1MPUS .SHORTHAND DICTIONARY 91 Those words which have outlines in the preceding lessons have not been repeated in the dictionary. A abandon abdominal abide abhor abject abomination abrogated absorb abundant abstract absurd abuse academic accession accessory- accident accomplice accountancy- accrue accumulated accurate accusation accustom ache acquaint acquire acquisition acquittal across act action active actual additional address adjoin Q_— V Q-^ < 3_P- 3-7 QJl QJP Q_^ H QJS^< Q_^r Q^~ Q-/ Q^> ; adjourn adjust admissible admonish adopt adulteration £7"*^? 7 ad valorem adventure adverse affairs affectionate j3r affiliation ^ rj ; affirm affirmative affinity affixes afford aforesaid agent agency aggregate aggravate agitation alcohol X 2, I Of I alderman alertness e^-jr6 alias alibi alimony allegation alleges alligator allopath ■tf 92 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND alteration altitude altruist c "~ aluminum amalgamation amateurish ambassador ambiguous ambition ^f Q-^ amendment amid among 0~^^ amongst ample amputate amusement anatomy ancient ancestor angel anguish animal anniversary annex annihilate annoy annual antagonist antecedent anthracite anticipate antique antiseptic anxiotts apparent apart apologize apparatus apparel apparent appeal appearance ? 1 •>CRrf> en ( <=?

a*- appellant appendicitis f? /^ f^^ 7 appliance °S % applicant ^ ^ application C^*~~^ C^~^ (-^ apply & %*- *i } bookkeeper booklet bond borrow both bother 2 ? bottom bound bountiful box branch brethren brilliant broaden brother h ( < *7 / banquet baptize bargain 94 CHURCHILL SIMPUS SHORTHAND canal cancel candidate candid candor canvass ^-" ° capias capital ^s? capitalization^^ r y captive carburetor card careless career careful >r cartoon cashier casually channel charity charge charter chattel chauffeu cheerful chemical chiefly chloroform chocolate - Christian-ity i ,f church J circuit circuit court circular circumference circumscribe circumstance circumstantial <; (P cast catch caucuses r^ cause caution celebration v — T / celestial celerity cemetery { censure cent center cistern citizen city civilized classification clamor clause clean clear climate close clothe clumsy code coarse cold cord colleague college co-habit colonel ii/" ^ V ¥ CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 95 colluded color column combustible comfort comfortable command commend commensurate T 7 ^ ^ if confiscate conform congratulate congregation congress congenial conjecture connect connivance X ^ ^tX^f ^t^ comments commerce v commercial ^^> commisson committee ^* commodities commonwealth community companion v-p-t> compare comparison compel V compensated competency w competition g, completed completion VV4r compliance ^ compliment complaint comprehend {X 3 ^ compress compromise compute conceive conclude concur concrete condense condition confidential confirm confirmation H y i A conscientious ^^7 consecutive consequent-ce-ly considerate r° consideration v consignee conspire v _^ constable ^~ constant V7 constituent constitute constructive consult consume contemplate contempt contentment contingent continual contract contrary contraction contribute contradiction controvert ^convenient-ience -——'/ conversation / 7 x y, 7 7 conviction co-operate co-owner co-partner corporation corroborate ? 2 96 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND corrugated cotton counsel v ^ count countenance counter ^"^ couple courage court courteous covenanted cover coward credential critic cross-examination cross-examine cross-question cruelty cry- crystal culminating cultivate culture curiosity curious currency current custody cut cylinder D dangerous dark dares daughter deadly debate deceiye decency deceptive decide decision declamation 7 -?z If- debenture decedent f deceit J denunciate departure S deplore deposit — "~&- depravity depreciate CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 97 deprive deputy derange derive derogatory description deserve designation desirous desperate despondent - — T destroy A^ destination destruction desultory disarrange disaster disbelief "? determine-ation detract detriment discourage Q discover ^-^ discriminate discuss disease disfranchise disgraceful disguise dishonest disinterest o^ ^_ dismissal z?— — /*^ disobedient ~2 -r^P deviate devising devolve devote diagnosis diagram diameter dictation dictionary dimension diminish f/~? fQ~r dinner diphtheria direct -y direction <^ director disability disadvantage disagree disappearance disappoint disorder disorganize disparage dispute disqualify £^ displeasure -~~& ~7 ~^Z> ~^ ~? 1 disproportionate o dissatisfaction dissimilar 1 -dissuade distances distinct distinguish distract distribute district district court disturb diverse dividend divine ~7^-1 98 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND doctrine does domain domestic done doubter <2 endanger endeavor endless endorse endure energetic P dozen draft drainage draw drawn* ^P dray age dream drink — *"^ drop -?■ -7 j? enforce English enhance enjoy enlarge enlighten 3 si/ /<& enlightenment — ^f enormous enroll dry dullness — ? duly enterprise entertainment entire * ^ duplicate duration dwell • entitle entrance entrust > dynamo dyspepsia E economic egotistical either -^ c^ % envelope environment O . epidemic J^f equilibrium equalize o equip j. & •— *-* equity equivalent o_s>-o eradicate ^a erect *^> / errand escaped '**-* JL Y eliminate eloquence embarrassment embezzler emergency eminent emphatic a~m^ encounter a esquire essential establish estate estimate *~2J& eternal European -\— ~— / even event ^jp 2n e^U X / J CHURCHILL SIMPIJS v SHORTHAND 09 ii evidence evolution evolve exact exaggerate < J_^, examine examination exasperation ^k example ' excavate exceedingly exception excess excitement exclaim exclude exclusion excursion excuse execute executor executrix exemplary exert exhaust exhibit existence exorbitant exonerate expect expectation expedient expenditure experienced expert expiration expire explicit explosive export exposition express expressive & ^_ extemporaneous^/ ' / ^ f a—*-* 2y J. l- f 9 ( f 6 J 4 J extension exterior exterminate extinct extinction extinguish extra ±*f- 2^ %c^f %A J^o < ^^' granulated O^ C^ oZ foundation foundry fountain fragile frame frank fraudulent free frequent friend fugitive function fundamental furniture futurity futile 1 A X l grant grantor grasp gratify greetings /vr^ J^~* grit grocery . , gross • J^o J-*-^ ground cX. of oPy C^7 O^ c^° o* (>*• 0^ 2^ L G gain gallant galvanized CQS C£x^ oj growth guardian guess guide guilty gymnasium H habeas corpus habit half halleluiah halve y~ hamper CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 101 handicap handsome Vy? hang ( V. haphazard happen happiest harness harvest haste i t of P. hazard headquarters ^?— healthful heaven heavy heir I J help hemorrhage ' ^ honest hopeful horizon horizontal horrid horrors hosiery hospital horticulture <& CL-r? J immediate immortal immoderate immodest impatience cr^— - impeach imperative import ^~^ impose J) 9^> impossible improve """/> imprudent ^ inactive /^) inaccurate y incalculable household . ■-, human 2^^ humane s-r-£ inch incidental incline 7 e—*- i > ^^^ inordinate q ^ ^v£> inquire * B inquiry insanity inscribe inscription Os /<* s> "7* indifferent indignant indispensable. / individual indorse-ment **» inducement / indulgent . industry V^ inefficiency / inevitable inexcusable ^ inexhaustible Ar inexpensive ( inexpedient sf inexperience ^ j inexperienced / infant sjf inference *>_ \y h X \^ 1~ P 3 % insecurity nseparable nside insignificant insolvency / 'J / income inspire inspiration installation instance instantaneous /J instead institution instruct instruction instructive instrument insubordinate t S% £ 1 ^S CHURCHILL SIMPLia SHORTHAND 103 insubordination insufficient /g insulators insurance integrity ft* intelligent intelligible intemperance intend intercept interchangeable intercommunication interfere interior intermediate interrogate intercession interview intestate into intolerable intoxicated intricacies intrinsic intuitive invariable o \ invest J investigate invitation involuntary involve inward irrational island /7j*-t isolation i issue K kerosene kindergarten kingdom v? %? lawyer cr^^ laziness least irregular irreparably <^^ irrecoverably ^ irrespective irresponsible «> ^< 104 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND liberal liberty licentious lies ^^p likewise ^^ * limousine ^ is mathematics mature maturity M machine magnates s~~j- magnificent ^maintain Tnajesty analicious J misconduct malignant manage mandamus mandate manifest f ^""^, manslaughter misapprehend "~> mischievous yjjt o ? misrepresent mistake mistaken nf 7 n . ^tJLs> margin mark market •7 misunderstood mix moderation CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 105 modern modification . modify moment momentous - monopoly mortality motion mountain movement municipal munificent murder murmur mutual myself mystery N namely narration nation national navigable navy nearest negative negligent T> /& notary ^^ notation -/"& note noted notice -^~~ novel 7S. T T 7 7 si ?■ ^ty negotiable neighborhood sZj sf* neither (s? 9 neostyle nerves ^r-JD neutral nominal non-acceptance / none non-essential nonpartisan —^7 *2T non-performance non-resident nor notarial i nuisance nutrition O oath obedient objection obligation / oblige observation obsolete obstacle obstinate obstruct obtain obvious occasion occupy occur occurrence o'clock offer officer officiate only onward open operation opposite opposition oppression option oratory ordinance *%r f*-J (> L c e~ c f a, % Q_J Q_~ ? l P ^ d^r original e^ r /- 106 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 4 ornamentation orthodox ostensibly <&-> persevere persistent personal overwhelm owner P pacific painful pamphlet Panama panel parcel parents participate partisan patent patronage patronize pattern pause payment payroll peculiar pecuniary pencil pendency pending penetrate penitentiary pension percentage perception perhaps perishable perjury permanent permission perpendicular perpetrate perpetuate perplexed persecution persuade ^ persuasion ^% pertain 6n / * 6 /£» /r~ & * i c &k Cv c^ £/ / & & C c ^ C < CS C^7 <■■ f f t ? I f it £ ^>Cr 6^ phase i phenomenal V phonographer phonographic > j phonography /? n \ /j n J phraseology physical plead pledge plentiful plenty plumber plus policy political popular position positive postage postal postal-card / posterity s post -office l, postpone pound poverty practicable preach precede precipitate precise predict predominate '68—- (J / pre-eminent prefer prejudice £*-*^-6 *f CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 107 preliminary premise premium preparatory prepare preponderance e f \ prescribe ^ S /~ present C^-JP Cf &f presentation president ^ presume uf presumptuous pretend previous pride primarily print prior prison private proceed process procure produce product productive profit proportion proportionate propose proposition proprietor pro rata prospective /"/-/- prosper r ) y v prosperity ~/ u (^ protect protest <^~ ^ £-** provide $ providential proximo prudent publication punctual punish-ed-ment/ purport pursue Q qualification . quantity v_p^/ quarrel quart quarter ^ — ^7 quotation ^£h R rally random ^^ ' ranks rapid rare " / rather / proscribe , proscription ^- — £> <^ prosecution reach reaction real estate reality realization realize reason reasonably recall recite recollection ^&- recommend reconstruct record recou Fse J2-t <*- r 108 CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND renewal re-organize repeat repetition replenish ^\ reprehensible representation representative reproduce republican-ism repugnant reputation CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 109 Savior say says scarce sceptic schedule X y sharp sheet sheriff r ■f scientific scripture dj ^-f? scrupulous c *^ ** scrupulous seal ^ search * season seclusion q seclusive secretary section security c_^ seem seen seldom J~ selection self ^j self-denial J^J _j self-esteem self-explanatory self-interest /-^5"~ selfish-ly ^^ self-sacrificed selves senator / " sir sit site j~ situate-d situation six <=^t> sixth size sketch q> slander slightly slogan smart soldiers solicit spare -/ specimen spectator speculative speed spell splendid spontaneous squander square stage stamp-ed station i y ^1 ^ / 4- a r J?- o^ ^ / strike ' straggle o^ student stuff stumble o_ > stupendous y subjection j subjective / sublime y subordinate-ly subordination u~~ subscribe 7, £ superscribe superstition supplement supply support suppose suppression supreme surface surgeon surgical surmise surrender surround survey susceptible suspicious sustain shallow swing sword t z j\^ j^. / «^T[> J Ar sworn j^* 9 ^ symmetry ^ sympathetic sympathy ' £ ^ syndicate systematic ? *-* subscription substantiate subway successful successive such sue suflicient-cy-ly suggestion suggestive summary summon superficial superfluous supernatural T tardy technical telegram telegraph temperance temporary tempt tenable tenant tender terminal terminate CV n % 7 ~ _xrY° $. /^^\ est estator testify ~^a° CHURCHILL SIMPLIS SHORTHAND 111 text thankful thanksgiving timidity title tolerable y o \ unavoidable uncertain unchanged ? ^Q-* unconditional unconstitutional uncontrolled 7 tongue tonight trace trade tragedy traitor U> transaction transcribe — ^O^t transcription transfer transform — ^y transit translation transpire transport V > ^A uncover — -< undersigned understate undervalue underwriter undeveloped undignified undiminished ^ undiscovered undiscriminating unessential unexceptional unexpected unfamiliar < r *^ > unfavorable C-^ 2- \ C V<^/: -t -4 & 3 transportation traveler -^f. treachery c ^~ ? treasure treatment v *£ tremendous unfortunate unfriendly uniform 2jO J^> a uniformity unimportant "O "^? /9"*0 unimproved -^ f ^ trial tribe trifle trivial true-ly trustee trustworthy truth truthful-ly tuition turmoil typewriter U ugly unacquainted 1^^ <-s^-Q unadulterated "7* -~rf*-Q> ~£er- uninhabited uninteresting uninterrupted union universe university unless unnecessary unobjectionable unorganized unpaid unreasonable unruffled unsecured ^^7 unselfish yi -*?, 112 CHURCHILL SIMPUS SHORTHAND unspeakable until untruth unwilling unyielding uphold 7 ^ vocabulary / , volume >/ voucher ]f vulgar J^^ upward o urgent t- -utilize utterly ( whose wife W wagon wait Or* walk war ward c^ warehouse warn warrant Q* waste water wealth c9~° white <9- 9 f r winter wisdom