•*>. o "^/. v^^ ,^~^ -^c^. .>■ "^^. >, v-l\' \<^- J'%. ■"^.- / xO°.. v^-^"' ^^■" .-V •*:. .\V' ■'./-. „■< -^r,. 'oo^ OO, .-••i^ -^ •'c- -■«-* .'^-^ "<^^ 4%'«, :/, x^-^-^ .^■^ " .«•' .■■^ .0 0^ ..-i' "fj. ^' ,0 '^, c'^' .V J^. /»^ >.^ .' -^^ >. v^^' .■N* 't/. >*^ OO ^> ,^\^'' ' V ^" a-^ -;>, 1^ ,/ ^%\ %. - a\ .>• -^o^ % .A ./•_ # .is-' .- %:• 5 s 'o' ''^<^. '■'■;■ . v-^'' *^<^' ^ '■ ff '^. '' * r, ^ ' 0' .'' .0 O . .^-^ -^> ,4. ^/ .^^^ .J^* ,N^' *,. ,^,xV-. .^^ "%_ H' -^A V* ■4"'%. \V •^, ..xV^' ^-- v"-' ^O * , ^ ^ ,^ C' V ■^^ ,^^^'■ A^ ,-J- "^/ "i^^ ^^'' "- .Ss" -'>. .^^ .^^■ C^^ >'' '^A V^ .^■^ -n^. p^' : ^°^.. '"~"> 0'/'/> '"c- .^^ "^-., '-. -.■ ^^ \ ■A- .!> '^^ .■■V' >^ •'^ '^. .^V aX^ -^.f^. %. . .^' ..v^" % ^•.^^ 0,^- v^" -^^^ ^*> '^^ OLD LANDMARKS OF Canton and Stark County. Ohio EDITED AND COMPILED BY JOHN DANNBR TO WHICH IS APPENDED A Comprehensive Compendium of Local Biography — Memoirs of Representative Men AND Women of the County, whose Works of Merit HAVE made their NaMES IMPERISHABLE. ILLUSTRATED LOGANSPORT, INDIANA: B. F. BowEN, Publisher. 1904. dP IC PUBLISHER'S PREFACE. TN i)l.icinf; tlie " OKI Laiulniarks of Canton and Stark County " before the citizens, the pub- lisher can conscientiously claim that he has carried out in full every promise made in the Prospectus. He points with pride to the elegance of the binding of the volume, ami to the beauty of its typofjraphy, to the su])i'riority of the paper on which the work is printed, and the truthfulness dei^icted by its portraits and tlu' hif^h class of art in \\lii( h they are finished. The series of reminiscent articlis from the jiens of Mr. John Danner and Dr. I^ewis Slusser is a valuable collection and will prove not only of interest to the present generation, l)ut of inestimable worth to fultne historians, being the result of years of patient toil and deep research. Every biograjjlucal sketch in this volume has been submitted to the party interested for appro\'al and correction, and therefore an\' error of fact, if there be any, is solely due to the person for whom the sketch was prepared. The publisher would here avail himself of the opportunity to thank the citizens of Stark count}' for the uniform kindness with which they have regarded this undertaking and for their many services rendered in assisting in the gaining of necessary information. Confident that our efforts to please will fully meet the approbation of the public, we are. Respectfully, H. F. BOWEN, Publisher. INDEX. OLD LANDMARKS. PAGE PAGE Early Stark County History . .Lew Slusser 17 NimishiUentown — Contest for the Canton Township Canton 32 34 Slusser U?. Early Newspaper Press of Stark Massillon 37 39 County The Stark County Democrat 144 Lexington Township 145 Alliance 41 First Circulating Library in Canton.. Early Banking in- Canton it 147 Plain Township . . . .' . . Lew Slusser 43 t> 147 Perry Township 49 Early History of the County Court. . it ■ 148 Marlborough Township 53 A Once Prominent Family of Canton. it 149 Bethlehem Township 59 Old-Time Hotels of Canton John Danner 151 Paris Township . .Lew Slusser ' 65 Tanning Business in Early Days it 153 Nimishillen Township Sandy Township 1. 69 72 Canton in the War of 1812 ti 154 Canton'.'- First Fire Engine 156 Pike Township 77 What Railroads Have Done For Can- Tuscarawas Township . .Lew Slusser 82 ton Lew Slusser 158 Washington Township 87 Canton's First Mayor John Danner 160 Osnaburgh Township Lawrence Township . .Lew Slusser 94 100 Canton's Oldest Hotel It 161 An Old-Time Hotel Man of Canton. . 163 Sugar Creek Township 106 One Hundred Years Ago Old One-Hundred-Mile Warehouse.. a 164 Jackson Township 107 it 166 Lake Township The Old Court House .John Danner 109 112 Land Values Then and Now If it 167 Buildings Now and Seventy Years Ago 168 The Second County Jail " 113 A Pioneer Enterprise It 169 The Canton Postoffice Slusser 115 116 A Weil-Known Manufactory ■. A Bit of Industrial History It 171 Postoffice of Canton's Early Days . . Stark County in the Mexican War. . .John ^^?, >j 117 Another Old Corner in Canton l» 175 Indians in Stark County ..Lew Slusser 119 The Old Winterhalter Corner It 176 Early Measures for Safety >' 122 Old Home of a Famous Family Another Old Corner in Canton Two Weil-Known Corners in Canton )l 177 123 125 J) a 179 Away Back in 1840 180 Danner 126 128 The Kimball and Stidger Homes.... Old Saxton Residence and its History it It 183 Hotels of Olden Times . .John 183 Tippecanoe and Tyler, Too " 129 The Old Eagle Hotel it 185 Canals of Stark County " 131 Old Farmers and Mechanics Block. . •■ 186 Early Physicians of the Countv.... " 132 Danner Homestead and Other Earlv Early Fourth of July Celebrations. " 134 Buildings ji 188 Early Flouring Mills »f 136 138 Old Landmarks on Present High School Block it Early Potteries in Canton 190 Only Public Execution in Stark The Christmas and Shorb Homesteads it 192 County .. M 140 Dewalt Hotel and Other Landmarks . . it 193 ]Meyer"s Lake in the Olden Days... J) 141 The Old Lind Homestead It 195 lO INDEX. PAGE PAGE The Old Kaufman House John Danner 197 The Old Kimball Building John Danner 221 The Old Fogic Homestead 198 The Old Dunbar Homestead 223 The Same Old Square ' 199 A Veteran Hotel Man 224 Interestincr Data * 201 A Pioneer Family " One of Our Earliest Families " The Bockius Family 226 Peter Herbruck Homestead ' 203 205 228 The Old Public Square ' 230 Jacob Myer's Life Work ' 207 Early Lutheran and Reformed The Smith Homestead ' 208 Churches 231 Residence and Shop of Jacob Biicher, St. John's Church, Roman Catholic. . " 233 in Canton ' 210 212 Earliest Presbyterian Church " Methodist Episcopal Church in Canton " 23.5 Old Home of the Belden Family ' 238 Evolution of a Canton Corner ' 213 The Baptist Church 240 The Hazlett Property 214 The Disciples Church " 242 The Old Begges Building 216 The United Brethren Church " 243 The Old Shorb Corner ' 217 219 Forest Trees of Stark County Lew Slusser Our Representatives in Congress " 24.5 The Old Haas Homestead 246 The Lemmoii Homestead ' 220 INDBX. BIOGRAPHICAL. Adrian, Franz 000 Alliangh, John W HO!) Albert, Thomas B 418 Albrecht. Fred 12G3 Albrccht, G. Louis I'SOl Aldinger, Henry 1417 Alexander, Lawrence 1310 Alexander, West L 326 Allen, John C 752 Allen, Ira M 388 Allnian, Carroll B •■i4!) Anderson, John B 533 Anderson, Samuel M 1145 Anderson, Wilbur C 901 Andrews, Walter 820 Anthony, Harmon 1204 Armstrong, Charles A 674 Arnold, J. F 1007 Arter, David A., M. D 278 Ashbroolv, Armstrong 900 Aultinan, Cornelius 1424 Aungst, Maurice E 368 AurcdcnUi Joseph J 534 B. Bachtcl, Corwin D. .. r,20 Bachtel, Moses A 600 liair, Hiram 593 Baker, William O., M. D.... 707 Ball, Joseph M 437 Ball, Milton 902 Ballard, Asa W 787 Baltzly, Alpheus 1162 Banker, John 1455 Barber, Marshall C 1293 Barchfeld, August 5,^1 Barnett, John M 1447 PAGE Barnett, Robert F 834 Barr, Peter H 815 Bash, Jacob 1090 Bates, David 1359 Bates, Oliver C 1404 Bauer, Milton M l-lf<.'> Baughman, David H 101)3 Beatty, Wallen M 1174 Beans, Aaron B 1211 Bechercr, Samuel 899 Bclding, Thomas C 1219 Berger, Wilson C 5"6 Beriiower, Philip J 786 Bessler, Louis 1267 Betz. John E 1223 Betz, Leonard 484 Biechele, Edward A 1246 Bidwell, Thomas J 759 Bixler, Israel 998 Blanchard, Lewis D., D. V. S 967 Blank, John P HIS Blank, William 959 Blantz, A. F 1206 Blcckcr, William M 980 Blum, Herman C 472 Boettlcr, Charles A OM Bordner, Arthur H Oil Boughman, Daniel 856 Bow, Charles C 1028 Bowman, Albert T., V. S..., 764 Bowman, Henry 1107 Bowman, Jonathan 1306 Bowman, Newton K 526 Boycr, Arthur S 575 Brachcr, John 507 Bradley, Robert D 1075 Bremer, Clayton F 1079 Brcwbaker, Rev. C. W., D. D. 275 Brooks, James A 903 Brown, Charles 991 PACE J!rown, Rev. George W 1001 F.r\ibaker, Martin 995 Brumbaugh, Oliver 1039 Bucher, John R 883 Buckius, John 336 Bulley, Reginald H 789 Burger, Jacob 1387 Burnheinicr, James C 1316 Burwell, Henry C 1238 Butler, George W 572 C. Caldwell, Matthew 762 Calerdine, Edwin 1139 Calhoun, Franklin P., M. D.. . 801 Cahnelat, Joseph 515 Camp, Daniel HIO Carlson, Charles T 970 ( arnahan, John E 363 Carnahan, Roy R 463 Carnes, James W 1207 C"arson, John J 389 Case, Frank E 1129 Cassidy, Robert A 557 Catlin, Marcus M., M. D 456 Chamberlain, Henry H., M. D.1169 Christian, Richard A 792 Church, Rev. Charles N 427 Clapper, Hczekiah 1286 Clapper, William 1284 Clark, Alexander B 1220 Clark, John F 312 Clark, William H 312 Clark, William W.,Jr 1217 Clay, Moses 1048 Cloud, Albert W.....' 598 Cocklin, Levi A 582 Cogan, Jay M ...1154 Coleman, Joseph 1086 12 INDEX. PAGE Conrad, John 587 Conrad, Lewis 1 356 Cook, George Hi^G Cook, Henry 951 Cook, Mrs. Mary A 1160 Cooper, Homer F 1164 Corey, Varian S "-99 Cornell, John C "85 Correll, Edwin S "'6 Cornell, Josiah 848 Cox, Melville B 573 Craine, John W 1205 Crane, Charles A., M. D 1015 Crawford, John M., M. D....1117 Crawford, Capt. Richard B. .. 4S1 Crocker, Lorenzo 1487 Crowl, Frank H 1398 Crowl, Thomas T 1395 Culp, Thomas S 1220 Cummins, John 652 Cunningham, Richard 1405 Currie, James F ^38 Currie, Thomas H 957 D. Dager. Isaac N 1301 DaHinden, Frank, M. D 383 DaHinden, John 335 Dannemiller, Augustus 491 Dannciiiiller, Benedict 1458 Danner, David 1116 Danner, John 274 Daum, Lewis L 1280 Davis, William D., M. D 853 Day, William L 1256 Day, William R 304 DeFord, William 1124 DeHoff, Daniel W .• 1254 Deidrick, James C 1350 Dennis, Alvin T 831 Deuble, George 841 Deuhle, Martin 873. DeVcUx. Samuel F 1006 Devine, John C 939 Dewalt, Charles N 1277 DeWees, John B 1502 Dittenhafer, Harvey R 390 Doll, Benjamin 1149 Doll, Eli D 1114 Donat, Azariah C 1482 Donat, John A 1454 Dougherty, Charles A 1352 Dougherty, James E., M. D..1376 Dougherty, L. E., M. D 14S3 Duff, Charles P 1191 P.\GE D.umont, Louis 1333 Dunbar, George, Sr 1288 Dupont, Jacob 1074 E. Early, Edward E 807 Eberly, Josiah B 1173 Eisenhauer, Adam 497 Elbel, Gustavus 1193 Eller, James H 1467 Ellett, Albert F 743 F.llett, Walter M 375 Ellison, Robert S 754 Elsass, Philip 1210 Elson, Augustus R 1180 Elson, John R 1166 Elson, Richard R 1173 Eschlinian, Jonas 1131 Fshelman, Benjamin M 1324 Esselburne, Rev. E. E 858 E^sick, Hiram H 1378 Essig, John A 1120 F.step, Benjamin .\ 741 Etling, Jefferson C 629 Evans, Rev. Amos 676 Evans, George D 1353 Everhjfrd, H. H 1480 Everhard, Mrs. Caroline J. ^L1472 E.'cline, Clarence E., I\L D. . . .1005 Eynon, Alfred C 1285 F. F:dis. Rev. Joseph F 638 Farber, John F 968 Farber, Philip 984 Farvick, Frank C 756 Faulk, Henry W., >L D 979 Faust, Prof. B. F 662 Fawcett. Jacob P 1063 Fetrow, Benjamin F 1072 Fetters, Benjamin 1457 Fife. Harry E 540 Findley, William 1133 Firestone, Henry N 760 Fisher, Capt. Marcus A 981 Flickinger, Lauren E., AL D...1023 F"ogg, William K '. 435 Folk, Edward S.. i\L D 469 Folk, Henry 1029 Folk. John D 1038 Folk. Joseph 1370 Foulks, John M 3360 Foulks, Wallace S., M. D 960 Foust, Rev. O. P 465 P.\GE Francis, .Anthony 918 Frank, John D 1307 Frankham, William 623 Frederick, Chas. B., D. V. S.. 983 Frederick, Jacob W 1436 Frey, John L 692 G. Garaux, August 530 Garaux, Henry L 529 Garaux, Louis 530 Gardner, Rev. Charles H 1413 Gavin, Frank W., M. D 1053 Gehman, David 671 Gehman, Michael 699 Gehman, Rufus W 695 Gerber, David E 624 Giessen, Otto T 792 Gilson. William W 749 Glass, William M 924 Goetz, Irvin O 1487 Goshorn, Isaac 1000 Goudy, Alfred C, M. D 1215 Graber, Christian E 1053 Graham, Hon. John 371 Grant, Johnson 1418 Greer, Clarence S 1196 Greer, Richard E 1184 Greer, William H USD Gregory, Samuel 1258 Gresser, Anthony 498 Groom, Mrs. Mary E 1377 Gschwend, Paul 1190 H. Haag, Henry 541 Haak. Joseph 583 Hahn, Eugene W 298 Haines, Charles F 810 Haines, Harry W S06 Hall. Rev. John A., D. D 3045 Hambleton, Mark 405 Hamilton, Robert B 1202 Hammond, David 1349 Hanley, Rev. John C 655 Harbert, Ray F 547 Harmon, Daniel 637 Hart, Alvin W 1510 Hart, William L 730 Harter, George D 328 Harter, Henry W 325 Harter, Isaac, Sr 944 Harter, Joseph S 1080 Harter, Michael D 1096 INDEX. 13 PAGE Hnrtzell, Frederic S 518S Hartzell, Josiah 1043 Hasler, Montreville H 551 Hassoldt, William 817 Hawk, Williams 339 Hawkins, Johnson H 1438 Hay, Adam 1244 Hay, Austin A 1235 Haymaker, Edward L 930 ' Haynam, Curtis L 1385 Haynam, Daniel H 1381 Haynam, Elmer E 1386 Haynam, Frank L 1386 Haynam, Henry 1380 Haynam, Henry W 1384 Haynam, Levi 138'3 Haynam, Thomas C 1379 Haynam, Tobias M 13S3 Heckman, Frederick 1479 Heggem, Charles O 1240 Heisa, Henry 1135 Hemperly, David 1021 Hemperly, John 1031 Herbruck, Rev. Emil P 339 Herbnick, Rev. Peter 357 Hershberger, Eli 1025 Hess, Jeremiah W 654 Hexamer, Jacob J 917 Higley, Joseph L 1328 Hill, Arthur J.. M. D 1091 Hildenbiddle, Jacob 1O66 Hildenbitle, Henry 1431 Hilles, Arthur T 824 Hilles, Charles H 928 Hillgreen, Lane & Co 509 HilIhou?e, Albert S i>46 Himebaugli, Elias 1483 Hiner, Prof. Cicero L 1018 Hines, George W 1476 Hinton, David 95S Hodgdon, Sewell L 821 Hoffman, Frank 1430 Hoffman. William H 3435 Hogan. Martin J 1138 Holm, George 569 Holl, Clayton 0S8 Holl, John H 934 Holloway, Nathan 385, Holtz, Michael J 1506 Homeopathy in Stark County. 1104 Hoover, William H 416 Hoppes. Preston 1471 Horst, Amos M 1292 Horst, David B 1010 Horst, Jonas B 1012 Hossler, Henry W. . .' 636 I '1 PAGE Hostetter Family 1396 Housel, Peter 536 Howenstine, Jacob M 1474 Howen.stine, John S ''^^ Howells, Hon. Anthony 396 Huber, Ulrich 808 Hug, Casimir K 546 Hughes, Denver C 492 Hurraw, A. & Son 837 Hursh, Elmer A 1402 L Irwin, William 1369 Isler, Frederick T 630 Ite, Charles 564 J. Jarvis, Charles E 1148 Jerome. Elliott M 1157 Johns, John E 448 Johns, William 464 Johnson, Levi W 727 Johnson, Simon 403 Jones, Prof. Edmund A 1304 Jones, Prof. Frank 860 Jones, Rev. J. Harrison 308 Jones. Hon. John P 1445 Juilliard. George A 1251 K. - Kagey, Jacob ^^\ Kasrey. John B 1489 Kahler. J. Frank. M. D 915 Kaley, Arthur K 288 Kaufman. Herman S 1462 Kaufman, Capt. Peter R 926 Keim, Henry D "00 Keim, John "10 Keim, Jonas M ■..10.52 Keim, Rev. Josiah 1061 Keith. Smith 1407 Keith, S. T.. M. D 283 Keith, Thomas B 1401 Keller, Rev. Frederick I486 Kelley, George A., M. D 941 Keplinger. Charles W 415 Kcplinger, Edward D 460 Keplinger, Warren E 462 Kettering, Henry 716 Kiddey, John S 790 KilHan. Lorenzo M 543' King Family 738 King, Miss IMary 596 Kirk, Prof. John W 798 PAGE Kitt, Absalom 394 Klorer, Herman 508 Kloss, Jacob, Jr 923 Klotz, Jacob 702 Knight, Charles H 1107 Knight, George F 592 Knobloch, Adam 828 Knoll, George 616 Knoll, Jacob 619 Knoll, Wesley 847 Koons, Louis A 1087 Kopp, Anton 913 Krall, John H 650 Krause. John 674 Kreighbaum, John 644 Krichbaum, Charles 765 Krider, Charles A HOO Krider, Jerome J 548 Krumlauf, John H 1239 Kuebele, Leonard 384 Kuebler, Rev. Jacob F 990 Kuneman, Jacob 550 Kurtz, William R 1172 L. . Laiblin. Charles F 986 Lang, Charles F 842 Lantz, James C 525 Lash. Andrew J -942 Laughlin, Samuel O- 796 Lawrence, J. R 1152 Leas, Leonard M 1317 Lcggett, George H 1189 Levers, David "A 1020 Lewis, John v., M. D 343 Liechty, John A 499 Lind, JohnH 797 Lind. Lewis M 579 Lindemann, Frederick J 718 Little, William H 294 Loichot, Louis A .1498 Lonas, Samuel F 952 Lotz, Adam 1315 Loutzenhiser, Peter V 1343 Love, Alexander B 723 Lowe, Walter G., M. D 1249 Loyd, Charles C 805 Lupher, James C. 1227 Lutz, John J 1134 Lutz, Josiah A 1419 Lynch, William A 1224 Lytle, H. W..... 632 M. McCall, Thomas 773 14 INDEX. PAGE McCIymonds, J. Walter 1392 McClymonds Public Library. 1232 McConnell, John L 734 McConnell, Joseph H 722 McCormick, Edward G.,M.D..1444 McCrea, Hugh D 1322 McDonald, George E 1147 McDowell, Horace G 408 McFadden, Jacob E 513 McFarland, William H 660 McFarren, Malvern E 1011 McKinley, William 265 INTcLain, Percy L 1351 McQuate, Theodore €., M. D.1341 McWhinney, John 1236 MacKenzie, William 523 Manchester, William C., M. D 732 Manly, Patrick L 1232 Marchand, Jacob F., M. D 1044 Marchand, Joseph 1143 Markling, Jacob 1062 Marshall, Mahlon G 771 Marshall, William W 810 Martin, Charles 1136 Martin, Inipertus 667 Martin, James M 949 Martin, William P 784 Martin, William H 568 Mase, Amos B 1252 Mathie, William J 589 Matthews, John R 1329 Matti, John 518 Matz, Jacob 1366 Maxheimer, William 1077 Meiser, George M 1233 Melbourne, George F. S 910 Melbourne, John S 488 Melbourne. William E .")2l Melcher, William J S77 Melchior, Peter 558 Merley, AdamJ 615 Metzger, Clarkson W 712 Metzger, E. L., D. V. S 691 Metzger, John 1050 Meyer, Andrew 641 Meyer, Edward J 1469 Meyer, Joseph A 971 Meyer, Joseph 480 Miday, Louis J 1499 Miller, Eli 656 Miller, Emanuel 591 Miller, Henry 1321 Miller, Rev. Hiram 440 Miller, Jonathan D 1047 Miller, Joseph, Jr 590 Miller, Samuel R 1035 PAGE Miller, T. Clarke, M. D 1069 Miller, Thomas J 758 Milligan, Henry C 1108 Milligan, Rev. O. Brown 352 Mock. John F 1013 Moffitt, Nathan E 1112 Mong, John H 1243 Mong, Philip 1245 Monnot, John E 1496 Montgomery, Alice M 914 Morgan, Edwin 750 Morgan, Thomas R., Sr 423 Morgan, William H 422 Motts, David 1262 Motts, Michael 1309 Muskopf, Jacob 1186 Myers, Friend E 439 Myers, John W 1119 Myers, William 1071 Myers, William G 965 N. Narwold, Charles F 1319 Nau, Rev. Frederick C 686 Nave, Lester L 911 Ney, Valentine L 770 Nighman, Thaddcus C 875 Nimon, Adam 692 Norris, Charles E 925 Numan, Zadock 1271 O. Oberliii, Arthur C 904 Oberlin, Charles D 1030 Oberlin, Isaiah 1065 Oberlin, Jacob L 1492 Oberlin, Joseph 920 Oberlin, Michael W 1335 Oberlin, Otto E 1034 Oldham, Albert A 1171 Oyster, Joseph 618 Oyster, Joseph S 531 Owen, David N 800 P. Parker, Clarence J 303 P,atterson. Walter W 830 Paxson, Theodore P 897 Phillips. Theodore J 612 Phillips. Adam 781 Pickens, Ephraim 1428 Piero. William J 528 Pierson, Joseph A 646 PAGE Pollock, Hon. Robert A 1446 Pomerene, Atlee 1298 Pontius, Andrew 544 Pontius, Maria G., M. D 1102 Post, Silas B., M. D 381 Powell, Thomas 846 Poyser, Miss Grace 855 Poyser, John R 286 Poyser, William J 779 Prince, Mary J 863 Putman, John C. F 455 Putman, Timothy C 369 R. Raber, John E 893 Rader, Rev. Merit M 1036 Raeber, John 777 Raff. Benjamin F 487 Raff. Edward S 1192 Raff, Hon. George W 322 Raff, Norman C 1467 Rank, George 1311 Raynolds, Madison 282 Raynolds, William F 341 Ream, Charles W 976 Reed, Francis M 514 Reed, Joseph L., M. D. . < . . . . 963 Reed, T. J., M. D 1123 Reed, William M 747 Reese, Andrew 1408 Reese, Norman 1217 Reeves, George 332 Reeves. Washington R 826 Reiner, Simon 690 Reinhold, Capt. Urias R 377 Renkert, Harry S 524 Renick, Jonathan 783 Renner, Charles 719 Renz, Herman F 763 Reynolds, Benjamin F 853 Richter, John G. A 601 Ricks, Augustus J 1355 Ricks, William F 1355 Ricker, Albert B., A. M.,D. D. 430 Ringer, Samuel 581 Rizer, Alfred L, M. D 974 Roach, John A., M. D ' 511 Robertson, James H 359 Robinson, James A 1259 Roesle, Gotlieb C 881 Rogers, D. E 409 Rohrer, David H 994 Roper, Mrs. Leila S 803 Ross, Aaron W 505 Roth, Charles R 542 INDEX. 15 PAGE Soth, Henry F 832 Ruff, Prof. Walter S 868 Ruflin, Anthony A 1443 Rupp, Henry A 504 Russell, Nahum S 1272 s. Sarver, John M 372 Saxton, James A 1320 Saxton, Joseph S 1464 Schaefer, Louis 120S Scharles, Peter 880 Schell, Stephen 1067 Schellhase, John A 413 Scheu, Elmer E 871 Schillis:, Joseph 973 Schilling, John P., M. D 290 Schiltz, Clarence F., M. D...1140 Schlabach, Charles H 471 Schmachtenberger, Alvin . .. .1367 Schmuck, Reason A 703 Schmucker, Rev. George M. .. 681 Schory, Henry 1399 Schott, Joseph 684 Schrantz, John 1477 Schroyer, John T 977 Schuckers, J. Melville 1106 Schuffell, Harry M., M. D. .1440 Schuffenecker, August 780 Schumacher, Frank E 1490 Schumacher, William F 835 Schuster, John W 1105 Schwartz, Daniel 1248 Schweitzer, Conrad 348 Scott, Edward 503 Scranton, Maj. E. E 724 Sefert, Christian 1357 Sefong;, Samuel, Sr 698 Sell, Samuel 412 Senger, JNIartin 1009 Shaffer, Adam 597 Shaffer, Andrew J 1426 Shaffer, David B 843 Shaffer, Henry 1433 Shaffer, Joseph 1415 Shanafelt, Harrison H 452 Shanafelt, Washington B 447 Sharer, J. H 300 Shaub, Jacob N 534 Shaw, Charles A 996 Shearer, Jeremiah E 1290 Shearer, John 1497 Sheets, John H 594 Sheets, Samuel C 595 Sherer, Marion 705 PAGE Sherer, Philip 688 Sherlock, Henry E 1142 Sherlock, William E 1156 Sherrick, Hon. Johnson 1478 Sherrick, John H 453 Shimp, Hon. John 459 Shively, Seraphim 353 Shoof, John 948 Shoof, William 303 Shorb, Adam 851 Shreiner, Edward M 1130 Shriver, Reuben W 519 Shumaker, Jacob 696 Sickafoose, Christopher C. . . .1024 Sickafoose, George L 604 Sigrist, Frederick H 812 Silver, Charles 909 Skinner, Robert P 1353 Slusser, Harvey H 827 Slusser, Lewis, M. D 344 Smith, A. W 1114 Smith, Benjamin F 560 Smith, Eli 582 Smith, Franklin D., M. D 1491 Smith, Hiram 1330 Smith, Levi 621 Smith, Maurice, M. D 879 Snider, David 1326 Snyder, Frederick H 1495 Snyder, Jacob B 1331 Snyder, Jacob J 1281 Snyder, John J 1268 Snyder, J. Royal 500 Snyder, Henry H 1144 Snyder, Thomas F 757 Snyder, William H 1283 Sommer, David S 870 Sommerville, William T 1372 Sonnhalter, Philip 400 Souder, Rev. G. H 1493 Southworth, Mortimer M 1336 Speelman, Mrs. Elizabeth 628 Spitler, John F 1302 Sponseller, David 1449 Sponseller, David W 1451 Sponseller, John H 1256 Sprankle, John H 1305 Stahl, Henry 849 Standke, Hugo 1346 Stands, Charles M 1229 State Hospital for Insane 1200 Steele, John L 1098 Steele, William C, M. D 650 Steele, William, M. D 1261 Steese, Charles 331 Steese, Isaac, M. D 346 PAGE Stein, Jolm L 854 Steinmetz, George 1453 Stewart, John M 1194 Stidger, General George 450 Stiehl, Leon P. W 895 Stimmel, John 1270 Stimmel, John W 561 St. Joseph's Church, Maximo. 1413 Stokey, Prof. Charles F 866 Stolzenbach, William L 1295 Stonebrook, Hal B., D. D. S. .1221 Stoner, Aaron J 1137 Stoner, Henry 1095 Stoner, John L 768 Stoner, Levi A 649 Strassner, Rev. Frederick 432 Streb, Edwin D 819 Stuart, William 1287 Studer, Charles E 299 Summer, Joseph B 1050 Summers, Sylvanus 989 Swallen, Christopher T 1410 Swallen, Henry R 1374 T. Taylor, George G 1423 Taylor, Millard F 1296 Taylor, Thomas J 1159 Taylor, Walter S., M. D 1412 Teeters, Jesse W 745 Thomas, Henry W 538 Tinkler, Charles E 502 Todd, Joseph L, M. D 1230 Tolerton, Howard D 417 Tolerton, Israel G 406 Transue, Oliver F 742 Transue, Frank 444 Treesh, Joel 567 Treiber, Rev. Clement H 1264 Tressel, Leonard R 933 Trout, Mrs. Caroline 553 Trubey, Alvah P., D. D. S. ...1250 Tschantz, D. L 736 Turner, Rev. William E 1040 Tyler, Dominic 478 U. Underbill, James W 1507 Unkefer, Franklin 1364 Upham, Charles C 954 V. VanDyne, David L 1373 i6 INDEX. PACE VanVoorliis, Abraham 1278 Vesseriat, Joseph L 1414 Vignos, Major A 838 Volzer, Christian 665 Volzer, Emanuel G 715 Volzer, Joseph A 603 Volzer, William 501 W. Wade, Madison W 1213 Wagner, William 1325 Walker, Chauncey A., M. D. .1348 Walker, Eli 1070 Walker, James F. T 720 Walker, Otis U 584 Wallace, George H 888 Wallace, John S 613 Wallace, Dr. Perkins 1488 Walser, John W 1058 Ward, Uriah C 1187 Warsheler, William 634 Warstler, John L 1084 Warwick, Hon. John G 360 Warwick, W. K. L 362 P.\GE Watts, Henry M 894 Webb, George N 897 Weber, Henry E 1339 Weimer, David 1391 Welker, Perry W., M. D 907 Welch, Samuel H 1032 Welshimer, Rev. Pearl H 679 Werle, Michael 1388 Werntz, William O 1151 Werts, Henry W 751 Wertz, William P 1027 Weybrecht, John T 1055 Whiting, Harriet K 318 Whiting, Julius, Jr 314 Whiting, Julius, Sr 317 Whiting, Lorenzo M., M. D... 320 Wikidal, Martin 728 Wilhelm, Fred 302 Williams, T. F 1203 Williard, Bernouili J. G 1420 Willis, John 296 Wilson, Capt. Thomas 905 Wise, Basil E 627 Wise. Judge Henry A 1299 Wise, Peter C 625 PAGE Wise, William H 626 Wolf, Thomas S 1242 Woods, George €., D. D. S..1155 Worrall, Charles L., M. D... 813 Wyandt, Rev. Jacob D 420 Wyman, Prof. J. M 885 Y. Yant, Howard W 80S Varger, Franklin R 1198 Yarger, John E 801 Yoder, Andrew 1449 Yoder, Samuel 1452 Yohe, Prof. George W 475 Yost, John G 431 Young, Alfred P 1475 Young, William E 1163 Z. Zettler, John B 921 Zimmer, Frank A 1121 Zollars, David 319 Zumber, J. J 1146 STARK COUNTY COURT HOUSE. OLD LANDMARKS OK CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. EARLY STARK COUNTY HISTORY. By Lew Slusser. It is believed Vjy tiiose who make an- thropology a study, that a race of people occu- pied and claimed title to the soil of Ohio ante- rior to the Indian. They are known as Mound Builders, taking their name from the mounds built by them in ditTerent parts of the state. From discoveries made in the exploration of their works, the opinion has been formed that many centuries must ha\e elapsed between the time of the occupancy by the Mound Builders and the appearance of the earliest of the In- dian tribes. There is much speculation as to the status of their improvement — their ap- proach to civiHzation. All agree that they were in advance of the Indians, that they had at- tained a hig'her ])lane of knowledge, that they were a numerous people, lived under a strong goxernment, had mili- tary skill, a knowledge of metals, cul- tivated the soil — in short, had made con- siderable progress in the direction of civiliza- tion. The causes leading to their extinction are yet to be le irned. There are mounds lo- cated in different parts of Stark county, in the townships of Bethlehem, Lawrence, Lake and Canton, but they have ne\-er been thor- oughly explored to determine whether they are the creation of a prehistoric race or of later- day Indians. The most notable mound is at Congress Lake. Coming to a time of recorded history, it may be stated that by a treaty — agreed upon at Fort Mcintosh (Beaver, Pennsylvania) in J 785, between tlie commissioners appointed by the go\'ernment and the Indian tribes then occupying western Ohio, known as Delawares, W^yandots, Ottawas and Chippewas, the latter relinquished all their right and title to the same, and agreed witli the commissioners that their eastern boundary should be from the mouth of the Cuyahoga river up to the portage, from the Cuyahoga to the Tuscarawas river, thence down the Tuscarawas river to the forks, near FT. Laurens, a few miles south of Boli\ar, thence west to the portage l)etween the Miami and Maumee ri\ers. The first white man known to have made his appearance in this section of our state was La Salle, a French explorer, who in 1670, ac- companied by a few heroic followers, passed from Lake Erie to the Alleghenv ri\-er. The i8 ULU LANDMARKS next was Colonel Bouquet, who, as an officer of the British army, with live hundred regulars and about a thousand volunteers, made an expedi- tion from Fort Pitt west as far as the Tuscara- ^vas river. The object was to intimidate the Avarlike Indian tribes and inlluence them to more peaceful conduct. It is not, however, the nature of the average Indian to be peacefully inclined. They were continually making en- croachments upon the nearest white settlers then living east of the Ohio river, in Pennsyl- vania and Virginia, stealing stock and carrying off prisoners. As a measure of protection to these people the general government authorized the formation of scouting parties, known as "scouts" or "spies,"' whose duty it was to recon- noiter the country beyond the Ohio and as far west as the Tuscarawas river. These scouting parties were made up of men inured to hard- shii)s and accustomed to the privations and ex- posure incident to border life. Many of them had encountered Indians before and knew by experience their habits and mode of warfare. They recei\ed from the government monthly pay and ammunition, furnishing their own anns. It was their duty, on the discovery of any sign of Indians, to return immediately and give the alarm, that the frontier settlers might adopt measures for their own protection, either by collecting the families in a fort, or fortifying their own homes, as circumstances would admit. There was a company of five, all of whom afterward became citizens of Stark county — James Downing, Sr., John Cuppy, Isaac Miller, George Foulk and Thomas Dillon. Dillon and Foulk had buth 1)een captured by the Indians Avben young, lived with them many years and knew their habits and customs. Downing was captain of the company. On the occasion of the encc^unter we are about to relate, the party left their place of rendezvous for a scout, in April. 1793. They crossed the Ohio ri\er at the mouth of Yellow creek, followed up the north branch to near its source, then directed their course west to the head waters of Sandy. After reconnoitering this section of country for miles around without discovering any signs of Indians, they came to the conclusion that there were none about. Up to this time they had not discharged a gun, from fear of being discovered. The rations with which they had supplied themselves on starting were nearly exhausted and they con- cluded it would be safe to kill some game. Downing shot a deer, and another of the party a turkey. This was on the morning of the fourth day out, between Little Sandy and In- dian Run. As they had not yet taken break- fast, they concluded to prepare the meal. Miller was kindling a fire; Foulk was cleaning the turkey preparatory to roasting. Downing was in the act of bending down a sapling upon which he intended to hang his deer, that he would be better able to skin it: Cuppy was sitting at the root of a tree with his gun on his lap. exam- ining the lock. A party of Indians, numbering eighteen or twenty of the Ottawa ami \\'yandot tribes, heard the firing and detected the locality of the scouts. They divided their force into two parties with the purpose of approaching them from dififerent courses, one of which was from a direction the scouts would be most likely to take in an effort to escape. W'iiile Cuppy was engaged with his gun, be happened to look up and saw in the distance an Indian moving about peering through the underbrush. He im- mediately sprang to his feet and gave the alarm. As soon as the Indian saw he was discovered, he turned and ran, and as he did so Cupi)y fired at him, but without effect. Miller and Foulk snatched uj) their guns and gave chase. The ground was sparsely timbered. Miller was in the advance, when Foulk called to him to halt, as he knew just as soon as the Indian reached a more heavily timliered piece of ground he would stop behind a tree and shoot Miller as he approached. Thereupon Miller CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 19 turned aljout and lie and Foulk started for tlie place the\- had left. ]\Iean\vhile the othtr party of Indians, numbering six or eight, made their appearance in another direction. They were bold and demonstrative. Downing said to Cuppy and Dillcjn : "Let us stand together and defend ourselves to the last." "No," replied DiJIon, "each one for himself," and suiting the action to the sentiment, started on a fun. Down- ing and Cupp}' kept together and mo\ed cau- tiously along the high ground or upper bench towards the forks of Sandy. As the Indians pressed upon them too closely, they would turn and raise their guns as though they intended to shoot. Then, the Indians would jump around, throw up their hands and run upon their hands and knees, evidently for the purpose of di- verting the aim of the whites. By degrees they became bolder and advanced closer, when Downing, taking advantage of a good oppor- tunity, shot the nearest, which had the effect of keeping the others at a greater distance. Soon after Downing and Cuppy caught up with Dil- lon, who appeared much exhausted as though about to fall. Dillon begged for "God's sake" that they would help him. and as Downing turned and saw his face he discovered that he was choking with his necktie. Dillon, in his haste to loosen it and to assist his breathing, pulled the Avrong end and made it tighter. Downing cut the neckerchief with his Ijelt knife, thereby releasing him, when Dillmi immediately took a fresh start and was soon out of sight. Downing and Cuppy were both past middle age and some- what fleshy. They both had run until nearly exhausted and knew they coidd not hold out much longer. Downing said to Cuppy. "'I can't go any farther — I'll stand and fight under this thorn bush, if I die," and stand he did. At the same time Cuppy got behind a tree, and both awaited the approach of the savages, de- termined to make the best resistance they were able. They had not long to wait, for soon the Indians were seen approaching. Downing re- .served his fire until the foremost Indian came with close range, then, taking deliberate aim, fired and brought him down. The others re- turned a volley which cut the bushes around Downing and Cuppy, but did not strike either. Miller and Foulk, hearing the firing, hastened in the direction from wdience it came, and before aware of it were among the Indians. Miller espied one of unusual size with a silver half- moon hanging on his breast. He was in the act of loading his gun, and just as Miller was drawing a bead on him the chief saw him, gave a yell and sprang behind a tree. Miller soon discovered that he was so surrounded that it would be impossible to protect himself behind a tree, thereupon he determined upon flight as the only hope of safety for his scalp. Quick as thought he sprang from the upper bank and ran across the bottom or swamp toward the north branch of the stream. The Indians left Downing and Cuppy, threw down their guns, drew their tomahawks, gave the scalp yell and gave chase after Miller. At one time they were so near he recognized a tall warrior known among the whites as Tom Jilleway. After Mil- ler crossed Little Sandy, and was in an open plain, he thought, as he afterwards expressed it, "now legs for it." He always considered him- self swift on foot, and put in his best efforts for about a mile and a half until he reached the high lands or ridge, when he stopped to look back and listen. He could neither hear nor see anything of the Indians. After resting a short time, he concluded to return to the place where they were first surprised, in the hope of finding the rest of the company. As they were not there and the day was far advanced, he decided upon making for the company's place of rendezvous on the east side of the Ohio river. He contin- ued to travel as long as he could see his way until he reached "S'ellow Creek. Here, under a fallen tree that lay upon the ground, he made a lied of leaves upon which he slept soundly 20 OLD LAXDMARKS amid the howling of wolves and the screeching of wild cats. Xext day he crossed the Ohio at the mouth of Yellow- creek and reached the place of rendezvous, where he found Downing, Cuppy and Dillon safe and unhurt, except that Downing's face was much swollen and his eyes bloodshot from exertion. In the evening of the next day Foulk made his appearance, and reported that when the In- dians started after Miller he hid himself in the brush. When they got out of sight he crossed over a branch of the Sandy, the same that is now called Indian Run from this identical tight, and secreted himself on a hill where he could overlook the plains south without being ob- ser\'ed. He could see the Indians in camp not a mile distant, and from their performance was satisfied from his knowledge of their ceremo- nies that two ot their number had been killed. In discussing the matter, the company were of the opinion that they made a fortunate escape. The next day (jeneral W'ax'ne and his staff, in a barge, with his troops in ninety-five flat boats, came down the river on their way to Camp Washington, afterward Cincinnati. As they came in sight, the scouts discharged their guns as a salute. General Wayne had his barge run ashore, and on learning they were govern- ment scouts, signalled a boat containing sharp- shooters to land. He had a target set up and a trial of skill was had between his sharpshoot- ers and the scouts, in which the sharpshooters came out second best. General Wayne compli- mented the scouts, saying : "My bra\e fellows, you are d — d fine shots." and treated them to brandy. A portion of the ground over which the contest occurred is now in Carroll county, but was formerly a part of Stark. When Ohio ^vas admitted to the Union as a state, in 1802. it was divided into eleven counties. Stark was included in Jefferson. In the organization of Columbiana county in 1803 it included Stark. At that time Rudolph Bair. better known as "Rudy" Bair, lived in Colum- biana county. He was a meml • of the first constitutional convention, and upon its adop- tion was elected as a member of the legislature. As he afterward became a prominent citizen of Stark county, it is not improper to allude to his career as a legislator. He was a man of more than ordinary ability, inclined to talk, and at home regarded as a Sir Oracle. There was a bill before the house to reorganize the state mi- litia. Rudy had given close attention to the discussion and got himself considerably worked up at what he considered an innovation upon the old custom of conducting the militia train- ings. He felt it his duty to protest against this new measure, and is reported to have delivered himself as follows: "Mr. Speaker, I'm op- posed to dis ting of bringing organs into de mi- litia. I dinks de fife and de drum good enough for anybody." Other speeches of similar char- acter are attributed to him. Whether true or false, we have had representatixes in the legis- lature since who reflected less credit upon their constituency than Rudy Bair. James F. Leonard was the first white man who located upon land within the present boun- dary of .Stark county. He was born in Frank- lin county, Penu-syhania, in 1779, improved the best opportunities then afforded at his home for obtaining an education, and when of age engaged with a sur\e}'or, remaining with him until he had acquired a practical knowledge of the business. About that time the lands of eastern and southern Ohio were being surveyed by the go\-ernment and brought into market, a land office ha\ing been established in Chilli- cothe. The few who had explored the coun- try returned with some wonderful accounts of the quality of the soil, value of the timber, the excellent springs of water, the lay of the land, and other attractions, so that everybody became excited and made it the common subject of dis- cussion. It was the same old story, began with the first settlers upon the shores of the At- lantic, which will not end until every vestige of CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 21 the public l?t"d to the Pacitic is pre-empted. Leonard was of those who caught the fever and he determined to go west. In 1802 he was clerk in the land office in Chillicothe and remained there about a year. Meanwhile an office was established in Steubenville, and on 1804 he came to Steubenville and obtained a like posi- tion in the office at that place. The original survey of lands in this district was in sections of four miles square. To select and enter a less quantity required the services of a surveyor; as Leonard observed this want he decided to locate himself in the district where land was being sought, as he could make it more profitable than his employment as clerk. As he would require assistance, he engaged James and Henry Barber to accompany him. They were brothers and originally from Vir- ginia. It was in the month of March, 1805, that the three men started from Steubenville. Their outfit consisted of blankets, salt pork and flour, cooking utensils, two axes, surveying in- struments, with some other articles, packed upon two horses. Each of the party carried a rifle and ammunition. They walked and rode by turns. The route was by an Indian trail to a crossing on Sandy, thence through the un- broken forest up the Nimishillen to where the prospective county seat of the new county, yet in embryo, would be likely located. A ;;pring was sought for and found on the northeast quarter of section 3, and here the party improvised a rude shelter of saplings, set- ting up forks and cross pieces and covering with bark. With this they managed to get along for several months, until able to construct a log cabin. In a few weeks Leonard returned to Steuben\-ille, entered the c|uarter upon which he was a squatter, advertised himself as a surveyor and land jobber, offering his services to per- sons in search of land in the new country. On the occasion of a visit to the land office in June fol- lowing, he met James Culberson, also from Franklin countv, Pennsvlvania. He was of a good family, but had acquired habits of dissi- pation, and in a fit of desperation left a wife and three children determined to expatriate himself, or rather bury himself with some In- dian tribe of the west. He asked for employ- ment of Leonard, who engaged him, and to- gether they came to the camp, where Culberson did such work as Leonard directed. The woods abounded in game, and it was no trouble to secure all the meat they wanted. Flour and salt were the most difficult articles to procure, as they had to be packed from the settlement east. Bear, deer and wild turkeys were plenty, and so were wolves and rattle snakes. Up to this period the only land lying in Canton township known to have been pur- chased from the government were in sectiotis 2, 3 and 10, by Nicholas Firestone and Charles Long, lying immediately east of the city. These pieces were entered in the fall of 1804. Whether either of the party had seen the land previous to entry is unknown. The following incident was related to the writer by Leonard as having occurred at the spring: A stranger from the east in search of land arrived at the station on Saturday even- ing. Leonard had gone to Steubenville to enter several tracts he had surx-eyed for parties, leav- ing the camp in charge of the two Barbers and Culberson. On Sunday the stranger engaged the meii to pilot him around the country, as far as was safe to venture from camp. He had three hundred and thirty-eight dollars in silver done up in a twilled bag, in which he had car- ried his bacon and bread, which, before start- ing, he deposited for safe keeping in a hollow- log, covering the hole with moss. Returning late in the evening, he concluded not to lift the money until next morning. When he went for it Monday morning, lo and behold, it was gone, bag and all. The man was distracted, took on terribly, and as there was a camp of Indians by, he charged them with the theft. Unable to obtain a clue to his lost money, he started home 22 OLD LANDMARKS with a heavy heart. On his way he met Leon- ard, to whom he related his great loss, and his belief that the Indians were the thieves. Leon- ard assured him that the Indians had not dis- turbed his money — tiiat the wolves were the thieves, and he had no doubt but that some day the money would be found. About four months afterward three men from Pennsylvania were looking around in search of desirable land, when one of the espied a portion of the twilled bag. Having heard from the guide the story of the lost money, the company immediately in- stituted a search and very soon picked up nearly all the lost coin. .\ few pieces are still lying in the accumulated leaves of the virgin soil, within hearing distance of the busy hum of the city. Tn October, 1803, Culberson made a visit to an Indian trading post, located at the nioutii of Sandy. They kept whisky and Culberson was led into his old habit, became intoxicated, and from exi)osure while at the post, and on his return to the station contracted a severe cold, which resulted in an attack of pneumonia. The men in cami) could do but little for him except administer warm drink. He lingered about two weeks and died. He was buried at the root of an oak tree and the grave marked with stones. There were present at the inter- ment, besides Leonard, Hugh Cunningham. Henry Friday, James and Henry Barber. It will not be considered out of place to re- late, in connection with this event, that the writer in 1855 published a more minute ac- count of the death and burial of the first white man in Stark county, in which the idea was suggested to the county commissioners of erecting over the grave a suitable monument, giving the name and date of death. This arti- cle was copied into other papers west, and final- ly met the eye of a son of Culberson, who at that time was a judge in Iowa. From him the writer received a letter containing the fol- lowincr extracts : 'T have just seen a communication from you, giving an account of James Culberson, i who I am satisfied was my father. He was the youngest son of my grandfather, and, as U I have been informed, was much indulged. 1 Near the close of the Revolutionary war there was a body of horse troops raised, of which he became a member, and during his connec- tion with that service the foundation of the habit of drinking was laid, which finally ruined 1 him. * * In my youth I took a trip to what was then called the west, and happened in Steu- benville when the proprietors of Canton were al)out making a sale of town lots. There were a number of persons going to the sale from Steubenxillc, and I went with them, intending to see the spot where my father was laid, but could find no person wIkj could give me any information." Canton was located by Bezalcel Wells, in the fall of 1805, the ground surveyed ami a [jlat made in the winter following. Early in the spring of 1806 lots were sold and se\-eral cabins erected. ' Leonard bought the lot at the southwest corner of Seventh and Market, upon which he erected the same year a brick house. The house has a history which may be given in detail hereafter. Leonard was married to Sarah Earlier June 6, 1806, which was the first marriage ceremony performed in the county, and this previous to its organization. Leon- ard subsequently moved into Plain township, anil ihcn tn Jackson, in the organization of both of which he participated. Afterwards he re- moved into Summit county, and from thence into Cuyahoga, where he died at an advanced age. James and William Barber each Iniilt a cabin on section 16 in the fall of 1805. and brought out their families the following spring. James Crawford, also from Virginia, settled on the southwest quarter of section 15. Among those who selected and entered land in Canton township in 1805 were David Bach- tel. Jacob Aultman, the Bairs, Philip Schlosser CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 23 (since anglicized to Slusserj and William E\v- ing. These men, after completing their selec- tions of land, returned to their homes east, but engaged Ruby Bair, who was of their number, to go to the land office in Steubenville and make the necessary entries and payments. So far as can be ascertained at this day, no white per- son remained in Stark county during the winter of 1805-6, except Leonard and the men in his employ. If there was any family they were located in Sandy township. David Bechtel was from Maryland, came to Columbiana county in 1803 and lived near New Lisbon. In the fall of 1806 he came out to his land with a hireling, put up a cabin, cleared and fenced three acres and sowed it in wheat; went back to Columbiana county, re- mained there during the winter, married and returned with his wife to his new iiome in the •spring of 1807, where he remained until his death, in J 833. Mr. Bechtel was among the lir.>;t settlers who succeeded in raising fruit. Mis orchard was located upon high ground, where it was less likely to be injured by frost. He was fond of hunting, wore a hunting shirt edged with fringes, and always carried his rifle when from home, even at funerals. He also had with him a long knife attached to a belt at his side. One night the dogs treed three bears near his cabin and kept them up till morning, when he shot them. He once had an encounter with a buck, which would probably have been his last, l)ut for his trusty knife. He supposed he had shot the buck, as sinuiltaneously with the crack of the rifle the buck fell, and when Bechtel came up the animal lay apparently dead, not mo\ing a muscle. Bachtel drew his knife for the purpose of cutting his throat, and as he took hold of an antler to turn the head the buck suddenly sprung upon his feet and made for him, ran a prong of his antler Ihrou.gh his left hand, pinning him to an oak. when he soon would liave disabled him, had not Bechtel, by a superhuman effort, plunged the knife into the chest of the buck, causing him to relax, whereupon he followed up his advan- tage and soon despatched him. The bullet had only grazed the top of the skull, producing temporary concussion. Besides the game he killed, he was a successful trapper, catching otter and other fur animals in the Nimishillen. There was an Indian burial ground, or mound, upon the farm of Bechtel. Relics, such as arrow-heads, stone hatchets and other implements of stone and iron, have been found. A dwelling that stood upon the place many years ago was said to have been disturbed at night by the spirit of dead Indians buried un- derneath. Bechtel had no love for the Indians who prowled around the neighborhood. There was one in particular who was in the habit of displaying" a string of human tongues and boasting that he had taken them from pale faces. On an occasion of this kind, in the presence of Bechtel, they both left the com- pany about the same time, and that Indian was never seen afterward. It was said Bechtel helped him on his journey to the Spirit Land. Mr. Bachtel was strong in his convictions of right and duty, belonged to the Jacksonian school of politics, was a kind neighbor and an honest man. He served several terms as coun- ty commissioner. Jacob Aultman was from Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania. He came in 1806 with his family, consisting of wife and three chil- dren, — Christian, J'lcol) and Mary. Christiar» had a roving disposition, followed the river and died in the South. Jacob died in Osna- burgh, and Mary, who married Jonathan Hol- den (now anglicized Hohvick), died in 1861. Mr. Aultman had poor health, being an almost constant sufferer from derangement of the li\er. He consulted every physician within reach, but, receiving no benefit, was finally in- duced to go to his native home in Pennsyl- vania and put -himself under the treatment of a physician there. It seems there was no help 24 OLD LANDMARKS for him, as he grew worse and died. Mr. Aultman was a quiet, unassuming man, Ijut much respected for his strict integrity. It is claimed that the first schocjl taught in the county was in a log structure erected in 1807 for that purpose. John Harris was the first teacher, the same one who in after years was a prominent and influential member of the Canton bar. The next teacher employed w-as Christopher Bair. The school books in use at that day were DilKvorth's Speller, Bible and Testament for readers and Gough's Arithmetic, which, in calculations of money, treated ex- clusi\ely of pounds, shillings and pence. There was no geography or grammar taught. The first "barring out" of which we have any account occurred at this school building some years later. The teacher was John Cris- well. a tall, raw-boned man, who prided him- self in his ability to govern a school. It was the day before Christmas, and the larger boys concluded they must have a treat, and that the master must furnish the liquor. Whiskey was the only drink known at that day. It was arranged to commence at noon, when the teach- er would be out of the building, as was his cus- tom, and that before commencing the younger scholars should be sent home. Among the boys prominent in the mo\ement were the Reams, Aultmans, Latimcrs, Bairs, Sherricks and Trumps. As soon as the younger scholars left the balance collected in the room and barred the doors. The opening in the logs, which were covered w^ith greased paper and intended for windows, were too small to admit the body of a man. Thus fortified, they awaited the return of the teacher, nor had they long to wait. Criswell soon made his appearance and, finding the door barred, immediately took in the situa- tion and became w-rathful. He demanded, in a peremptory tone, that they open the door. He was told by one of the leaders the condi- tions of surrender — that he furnish a quart of whiskev and dismiss the school. This he re- fused, and threatened dire vengeance if they persisted in their rebellion. Finding his efforts unavailing, he mounted the roof and began •tearing off the clapboards. At this he was compelled to desist, as every time he inserted his fingers to loosen a board they were ready to strike his hand. He undertook to come down the chimney, but was repulsed by fire and smoke. By this time he became desper- ate, and, descending from the roof with vengeance depicted in his countenance, he procured a heavy fence rail and, using it as a battering ram, succeeded finally in break- ing in the door. The teacher having carried the day, was in condition to dictate terms of amnesty. Nothing short of severe chastise- ment would satisfy him. for the infliction of which the boys never forgave him. The attendance of the school after this occurrence waned. The larger scholars were insul)ordinate and several refused to attend. The "barring- out" was an event long rememl>ered in the neighborhood. William Ewing, from Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, located on the southeast c|uar- ter of section 2. He erected a cabin in the fall of 1805 and came in the spring of 1806 with his wife and five children. All the goods he had, and some furniture which he pur- chased at Beaver, were packed on horseback. For the first several years, in common with other early settlers, he was subjected to very serious trials and great hardships. It was difficult to raise money to pay taxes and pur- chase such necessaries of life as could not be dispensed with and which they could not themselves manufacture. Ewing was prob- ablv the most successful hunter that ever lived in the county. He would kill on an average of seventy or eighty deer during a season, be- sides numerous bear, wolves and wild cats. He made it a source of revenue. The sur- plus meat he would sell to emigrants, and the skins he tanned for clothing and shoes, or CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. rather moccasins. He and his boys wore bnck skin until sheep could be raised, which was not for some years, as the wolves \\ere so de- structive. Buckskin pants and moccasins were in common use at that day. Females wore linsey, nor did they give much attention to fashion. For the first several years the family were bad off for bread stuff. They would pound corn in hominy blocks, or grate it, sift it through a dried deer skin, pierced with holes, and bake it on a board before the fire. There was a wonderful eclipse of the sun in June, 1811, of which the people of the west had no previous intimation. Evving and his sons were in the field hoeing corn at the time. It became so dark that the stars were plainly visible, and chickens went to roost. The fam- ilv gathered together in fear of an impending catastrophe. Judge Sowers, then an appren- tice to the carpenter trade, with other work- men, were shingling the Kaufman house, cor- ner of Ninth and Market. All hands thought the day of judgment had come and precipi- tately left the roof. Stofle Bair opened the southwest quarter of section i. He sold it in 181 1 for eleven dollars an acre, to Wendell Holben, from Adams county, Pennsylvania. Bair, im- mediately after selling, purchased in Sandy, remained there a few years, again sold, bought in W'ayne county, removed there and died. Ebenezer Shaw entered the east half of sec- tion 14, improved it up to 1815, when he sold to John Sherrick. Dishonesty was practiced among govern- ment officials in early times, as well as at the present day. ^^' hen Robert Latimer called at the land office to pay the first installment on his quarter section, Dickenson, then clerk in the ofiice, made inquiry in reference to the quality of certain lands in his locality ; among the rest, the quarter section now owned by John H. Brenner. On learning that it was good land, he marked it "entered," which was in violation of law, no one having any official connection with the office being allowed to purchase. Not long afterward, David Carter made his appearance at the land office and signified his desire to enter that identical quar- ter. He was informed by Dickenson that it was already entered, but that he had the dis- posal of it. .\fter negotiation the land was sold to Carter for four dollars an acre, cash down, just double the government price, Dick- enson pocketing three hundred and twenty dollars. A deed was given, but no patent was ever issued. One of the earliest stations in the county was that erected l)y Butler Wells and Daniel L. McClure, surveyors from Steubenville, upon the land of Bezaleel Wells, about two miles northwest of Canton, at what was then known as the "Large Spring," the same that is now upon the land of the late Andrew Mey- er, deceased. These men brought with them a few laboring hands for the purpose of open- ing a farm, which was one of the first attempts of the whites to cultivate the soil of our coun- ty. Those two stations were the principal stopping places at that time for emigrants who came west to select land, there being none in market further west than the Tuscarawas river. The land office was kept in Steuben- ville, and the price of land was two dollars per acre. Notwithstanding the county alxiunded with Indians, who were more or less feared by the whites, there were quite a number who came west with a view of purchasing lands for im- mediate homes. .A land office was established in Canton as early as May, 1808, for the sale of lands west of the Tuscarawas river, which came into market that spring, extending through the west part of Stark, a part of Holmes, Wayne county and to the west line of Richland county. John Sloane was ap]5ointed 26 OLD LANDMARKS receiver, and James Gibson register. This office \\as removed to Wooster (within the district) about the year 1817. The first store in the county was estabhshed at Osnaburgh in 1806 by James Campbell, and tlie first in Canton in the spring of 1807, ^y Abraham Kroft. It was kept in a back build- ing on the lot later occupied by the family of the late William Fogle. The front door led to the kitchen (which was dining and bed- room also), and from thence one had to enter the store. His stock of goods was small, con- sisting only of such articles as were needed by early settlers. Lii.xuries of all kinds were not indulged in. }ily earliest recollection of Canton extends back to the fall of 1806. There were at that time some half dozen houses built or in process of completion, but two only were occupied. The first physician in the county was Dr. An- drew Rappee, \vho came in 1808. Previous to that time the inhabitants were thrown upon their own resources in time of sickness ; when medicine was needed they usually obtained it from their gardens, fields or woods. .\ few understood bleeding, which, in connection with the domestic remedies in use, seemed to answer all diseases then prevailing. Indeed, the habits of the people of that day rendered the.n much less liable to sickness than those of the present. The first grist mill in the county was built by Philip Slusser on the site later occupied by Jacob Rowland, one mile east of Canton, and was .';tarted in September. 1807. Previous to this the settlers had to bring their meal and flour from the older settlements. Some, who lived principally on game and fish, used hand mills and hominy blocks to grind the little corn they raised in 1805. A mill was erected the same falf by John Nichols upon the site later occupied by Browning's mill. The first saw-mill and corn cracker was erected and put in operation in 1806. where Trump's mill lat- er stood, by Abraham \'an Metre, but it was washed away the following winter. The first public worship was held in Reed's barn, by Father Slough. In the winter season it was held in private houses. The first church built in Canton was in the spring of 1S14, by mem- bers of the Lutheran and German Reformed persuasions, upon the lot later occupied by the Presbyterian church. It was never finished, and was removed for other purposes. The first school opened in the county was some miles north of Canton, in the neighborhood of James Gaff, lisq., and kept by Abraham Stevens, in 1S07: the same fall a log-cabin school house was erected on the court house lot and a school taught therein by Andrew Johnson. John Plarris. Esq., also taught a school a few miles east of Canton that winter. The first l;oard of county commissioners was elected in 180S and was composed of John Bower, James Latyimer and John Nichols. First sheriff, Joseph McGuggin. William Henry was the first representative, elected in 18 14. From the best of my recollections, the following were the only persons living in or about Canton in the fall of 1806 and spring of 1807, viz: Garret Crusen, the first tavern keeper; on the lot Thomas Patton later owned he had a log cabin about eighteen feet square, used as bar, dining, sitting room and kitchen, with two small shed-roof additions, one a bed- roon> the other a cellar ; John Matthews, the first butcher, on the lot owned by Dr. Estep; John Bauer, the first blacksmith, on W^ikidall's lot. This is all that lived in Canton at that time. The following, if not all, compose the greater portion of the families then living in Stark county, viz: William Capes. Henry Friday. Valentine Weaver. David Bachtel, Jacob Shoeneberger, Moses Andrews. James Brandon, Henry Louzenheiser. Michael Reed, Henry Shull. William and James \\'illiams, Tohn. Jacob and .\ndrew Xighman. Philip CITY HALL, CANTON. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 27 Ream, George Wertenberger, Abraham Rank, John and Henry Barber. Wilham Hill, James Downing, Jacob Kitt, John SIuss, Leonard Mowen, James Price, Peter Mottice, Jacob Aultman, George Poe, Peter Slusser, Freder- ick Oberlin, George and S. Baer, John, Jacob and Valentine Yant, Dr. Carter, W. Ewing, James Leeper, J. Nailor, J. Hartman, Jacob Shively, Michael Miller, John Guntz, G. Zan- er. ^lichael Flora, J. and D. Mathias, Jacob Shidler, John and David Eby, Jacob, Christian and George Warstler. Thomas Hartford, George Miller, Robert and Thomas Lattimer, David Grabill. James F. Leonard. Philip Slnsser and Jacob Loutzenlieiser (the latter elected the first justice of the peace in 1806) and James Gafi'. It has frequently been a subject of inquiry whether there were not in the early settlement of this county some remarkable incidents or noted adventure growing out of our inter- course with the Indians. It so happens that there were none worthy of record. The In- dians who occupied this portion of the state were peaceable and well disposed. In their intercourse with the whites they were usually affable and kind, seldom, if ever, exhibiting any of those traits which often characterized their conduct in other sections of the west, and which so frequently led to sanguinary conflicts. The only difficulty of which I have any knowledge (and that is hearsay) was a skirmish in the fall of 1805, near where the town of Minerva is now located, which re- sulted in the death of several persons. The cause which led to the fight and the particular results are better known by James Downing, Esq., of Sandy township, whose father bore a conspicuous part in the affair. In June. 1807, there was a great freshet. The Nimishillen was swollen far beyond its banks. I have never seen it so high since. It thundered and rained without intermission for two davs and nights. My father's cabin stood between the creek and the race, and had about four feet of water upon the floor. It was about the same depth over the entire bottom on the west of the stream. Every- thing in the cabin was removed to the loft, ex- cept a large pounding table and a barrel of whiskey, the latter then an article of common use. It was considered unsafe to attempt crossing \\\k creek for several days. After it had fallen several feet, a man by the name of Brown, an acquaintance of the hands working at the mill, arrived from some settlement east of us, on his way to Canton to purchase some tools, and requested to be taken over the creek. Mr. Fishel and son, now living in Carroll county, crossed over witli him in safety, but in recrossing with Brown, after sunset, they were carried down where the current was rapid, struck a log and were capsized. John Fishel swam to the eastern bank; his father was carried by the force of the current upon the western bank: Brown was drowned. His body was recovered several days afterward about fifty rods down the stream. The mill- wrights made a coftin and we buried him one hundred rods below the mill, upon a high bank of the stream ; it was inferred that he was in some way disabled in being thrown against the log, or he might have saved him- self. He was the second white person buried in the county. The first body interred in the public bury- ing ground in Canton was the wife of John Matthews, the butcher, mentioned heretofore: she died in the spring of 1808 in childbed, and her oft'spring was the first white child born within the limits of the town. John Bouer, the blacksmith, died in June the same year, and was the second person buried there. He com- menced ta\ern keeping on Wikidal's lot. Provisions were scarce those days, and to sup- ply his table he ex'posed himself by fishing at night, caught a severe cold, took fever and died. 28 OLD LANDMARKS At the time of locating Canton tliere was, nortlieast of the town, upon the land later owned by David Sliriver and others, a large pond, covering from twenty to twenty-five acres of land, supplied from Shriver's and oth- er springs. That pond was a great place of resoi't on Sundays for the boys, to fish in the summer and skate in the winter. As it was thought to occasion sickness during the sum- mer season, it was drawn off in 1815 or 1816, by virtue of an act of the legislature, and not a vestige of it is seen. In the fall of 1807 John Shorb brought the second store that was opened in Canton ; it was kept in a small room of the brick house, southwest corner of the Diamond, later occu- ]>ied as a grocery by Mr. Oberlin. In the following spring Mr. Shorb closed his store and removed to a building he had erected,. and then just under roof, upon the lot later occupied by the Eagle tavern. As ^Ir. Shorb left Samuel Coulter moved into the house and opened a tavern, sign of the Green Tree, and that summer erected the frame building attached to it, and in the winter dug a well ; the town hart from 1805 up to this time but one well. It was generally believed then that stone for walling could not be found here. Mr. Coulter's house was the principal place of resort. The bar- room was also used as the dining and sitting room, with a shanty for a kitchen. A ladder led to the second story, which, too, was in one room. Here the first singing school was started, but as getting up and down was diffi- cult, the ladies refused to attend, and it soon ceased. A debating club was then formed, which was well attended, and here our friend, John Harris, first appeared on the stage as a public speaker. A postoffice was established in the winter of 1808. and Mr. Coulter appointed postmas- ter: a mail once a week, on horseback from New Li'ibon. was received, and then went no further west. Before this the only mode of receiving letters or papers was by travellers coming out to enter land. In the fall of 1808 Philip Dewalt came to Canton, and moved into the log building of Mr. Shorb, who removed to the farm adjoin- ing town, later owned by Adam Shorb. In the \Vinter Mr. Dewalt opened a tavern, sign of the Spread Eagle. Several of the first courts were held in the upper story of this house. Next they were held in Mr. Coulter's back building, which, having a secure cellar, was used as the first jail. In 1812 they were held in the brick, west of the public offices lat- er occupied by (iotthold, erected in 181 1 by George Stidger. They were continued here until the commissioners erected a log jail and court house on the lot now occupied by Mr. \\'ernet, and within the recollection cf many still living here. In the spring of 1808 Mr. Stidger came to Canton and started the first hattershop, and shortl)- afterward a tavern. James Campbell removed his store from Os- naburgh to Canton, and in the fall was elected major of the militia, over the entire county, then containing four companies; ^^'illiam Raynolds was adjutant, and in the fall of i8og John Sloane was elected colonel. In the fall of 1807 the people met in Canton and elected the first company officers, viz : Thom- as Hurford, cajjtain ; James Drennan and Daniel L. McClure, lieutenants. In the fall of 1809 John Sterling came, and in the winter bought a store; William Fogle came in the spring of i8to with a store; Jacob Slusser erected and commenced a tavern the same year, in the house now known as Begge's; James Hazlett came with a store in 181 1. We now considered Canton cjuite a town ; fi\-e or six taverns, w-ith as many stores, various mechan- ics of the most needful kind, and quite an active social population. Prices of all kinds of important merchan- . dise were high ; salt from eight to ten dollars CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 29 per barrel, and when the roads were bad, three to four dollars per bushel, or fourteen or fif- teen cents per pound; nails, twenty-five cents; window glass, eight by ten, twelve and one- half cents per fight, and fifteen dollars to eigliteen dollars a box ; coffee, forty-eight and fift}- cents a pound, though rye was commonly used except on special occasions. Produce of all kinds was cheap, there being no market or demand, save for home consumption. Then the customs of the people were more sim- ple, and in the same proportion more happy. ^luch time was spent in hvmting horses and cattle, helping each other build cabins, roll logs and open roads, etc. The first town in the county was in the northeast part, on what was then called the Thomas road. A town was laid out on land owned by James ]\[oftlt and brothers, by Dan- iel L. ]\IcClure, surveyor, and named Nimi- shillenfown, but, being too far from the center to contend for the county seat, it did not im- prove and was soon vacated. The promi- nent idea in new counties then was and now is til obtain the county seat. The next town was Osnaburgh. Emigrants flocked to it in confident expectation that it would be the suc- cessful town, it being on the Great Western road and possessing what was regarded at that time great natural advantages. Soon after- ward Canton was located. The situation and name were quite a favorite with some influ- ential persons then in the neighborhood. Lots were first sold in the fall of 1805, and in the following summer there was another public .sale. At this time Osnaburgh had three times as many inhabitants as Canton, a store, tavern, tan yard, hatter-shop, and several families be- sides ; though the dwellings, as is usual in newly settled countries, were but cabins. Osnaburgh would, in all probability, had been made the county seat, had the proprietor, James Leeper, been a sober, enterprising man — but such he was not. Bezaleel \\"ells. the proprietor of Canton, on the contrary, was a worthy and in- fluential man, and had been a venerated mem- ber of the convention which formed the con- stitution of Ohio, but before his death be- came embaiTassed by an extensive woolen manufactory. At the same time he had a number of good and competent men in his employ that gave him character with stran- gers. On th.e location of the count}" seat Mr. \\'ens donated to the county one hundred and fifty lots, which yielded on the sale about five thousand dollars. The objections urged against locating the county seat at Canton were that building ma- terial, particularly timber and stone, were too far off, and that it was so intolerably cold in the open plains that no one could live there in the winter. Such was the common opin- ion of many, so ignorant were they of the nature of plain lands. Had there been a vote taken at the time the result would have been two to one in favor of Osnaburgh. The establishment of the county seat at Canton ga\e an impetus to the increase of population and improvement of the place that has ever since kept pace with the wants of the county. Timber was found abundant, and stone, which at first was thought scarce, was also found in abundance and of good quality. In connection with the subject of early births in, and professional men, etc., of Can- ton, I should have mentioned that Mrs. Allen, wife of James Allen, Esq., and daughter of (jen. Stidger, was the third child born in Can- ton. I might also mention that Roswell M. Mason was the first lawyer who located in Canton; he came in iSu. The seoind was Jeremiah H. Hallack. who came the next year and was afterward our president judge. Dr. Thomas Hartford, later of Pittsburg, located in the place about the same time. Then it was not uncommon for physicians to ride twenty and twenty-five miles to see a patient. Anthony W'evre. Lutheran, was the first nn'nister who 30 OLD LANDMARKS resided in Canton. He came in 1814. We had visiting ministers of various denominations some years earlier. Jn the spring of 181 5 the Ohio Repository was estabhshed. Kendall was the ne.\t town located in the county, being founded in 181 1 by Thomas Rotch, a man of considerable wealth from Connecticut, with a number of mechanics in his employ. The town started with bright prospects, and for several years flourished vigorously. Thomas Rotch purchased of the government a large tract of plain and wood land in that vicinity and imported the first Merino sheep into the county. In 1815 he erected a woolen factory, which seemed to do well, but suspended operations at his death, in 1824, the machinery then being sold, and the building was afterward demolished. The death of T. Rotch. the projection of the Ohio Canal, with the location of Massillon, with its advantages, not only conspired to retard the growth of Kendall, but contributed to its de- cline. In 1S12 or 18 [3 James Duncan and May hew Folger located at Kendall, and the next year the former bought and commenced improving the beautiful Estremadura farm. It was there 1 first saw a strong plow, at- tached to the fore wheels of a wagon and drawn by several yoke of oxen, breaking up a one-hundred-acre field, tearing up brush and sapling root"? of plain land. Mayhew Folger, after the location of Massillon, remo\ed to that town, and died not long afterward. James Duncan survived him, and no man ever labored harder for the prosperity of that re- gion than he. Both were intelligent, enter- prising and worthy men. Most of the plain lands lying between Canton and Kendall were not entered until af- ter 181 1. They were considered unproductive, having no timber. But the reason of this was that the prairie tires, as they were called, yearly passed over them, destroying the growth but producing fine grass and straw- berries in abundance. Since the fires have been kept out they are producing fine young timber. John Meyers, Esq., purchased some plain lands near Canton, had them cleared and stocked with common and Merino sheep, and about the same time Mr. Rotch brought his to Kendall and was among the first to prove the value of these lands for farming pur- poses. Of the improvements in the Sandy \'al- ley, the particulars of locating the town of Pekin (then in Stark) and Waynesburgh, I know but little, save by hearsay, other tlian that they were located about the same time or later than Kendall. There early existed a jealousy between the inhabitants of that sec- tion and those residing at and near the county seat, which on parade days exhibited itself in broils and fights, and as a consequence there was not much intercourse. The origin of this I never could ascertain, the trading and mill- ing of the Sandy settlements being done prin- cipally at Xew Lisbon and Yellow Creek Salt- works. Just before and immediately after the last war with Great Britain the county settled fast. People in the east received high prices for their land, and there seemed to be quite a mania fur this portion of the west, it being then considered the western border of civilizaton. As the land in the county west of the Tus- carawas river had not been offered for sale until 1 80S, the year following emigrants i)e- gan settling upon it, and they were generally of a more wealthy class than those in the east- ern part. The northwest portion was the last improN'ed, and good land could be had in that part, at go\ernment prices, years after all in the balance of the county had been taken up. The reason, no douln, was this : Indians kept roving over the county up to the time of Hull's surrender in 1812. They usually came from and returned by that direction, and some fear of them still existed among the whites, but CANTON AND STARK COUNT!', OHIO. 31 after thc\" linall_\' left the land was bought up and settled. Those who have been reared in an old set- tled country can form but a faint idea of the privations and hardshijis incident to the open- ing of a new country ; and yet, with all the hardships to which they were exposed, there was a feeling growing out of circumstances incident thereto, that not only rendered their situation tolerable, but agreeable. If a cabin was to be raised, a log rolling to come off or a new road to be opened, the willing hearts and strong hands of the men and boys from all the region round alx)ut made the job easy. That selfishness and exclusiveness so characteristic of old places was unknown. A comniunitv of feeling and interest existed ; a help-one-another spirit that made humanity god-like in the woods. E^•ery newcomer was welcome, and all with alacrity lent a helping hand to install their neighbor family in this wild forest home. Old Alolly Stark has been somewhat con- tracted in her original dimensions. Three and a third townships were taken from the south- east and two from the northwest. It now contains but sixteen and two-thirds townships. The soil is suitable for all kinds of products cultivated in this latitude, and in ordinary sea- sons furnishes a great abundance of all articles of comfort and the means of support to a dens- er population than any other territory of the same extent in the state, and its products ex- ported will compare with those of any other county. Among the early settlers of our county there were a few who had served in the war of the Revolution, and when party lines were closely drawn, in the days of Jackson and Adams, and each party had their Fourth of July celebration, great efforts were made by both to secure the attendance of these patriots. The roll of Revolutionary sires, so far as I have lieen able to collect them, is as follows: William Capes, Coni'ad Henning, Moses Nel- son, Christopher Burgert, Martin Houser and Benj. Page. John Klippart, who came to the county in 1807, was called a "Hessian," wdiich appellation he always denied, and his grand- son, John H. klippart, secretary of our State Agricultural Society, writes me that his grand- father enlisted in Europe under Lafayette. On his way over the vessel was driven by ad- verse winds into Nova Scotia, where he was made a prisoner of war by the British; after- ward exchanged, he was assigned to the Penn- sylvania troops, and was present under Wash- ington at Yorktown at the surrender of Corn- wallis. Casper Gephart and Henry Friday, who were here before Klippart, were Hessians, without a doubt. The first minister of the gospel located here was Anthony Weyrc, who came in 1814. He was a Lutheran. Joshua Beer, Presbyterian, who lived in Sandy Valley, preached here at stated periods several years after. Religious services were held in private dwellings or barns in cold weather, and in the summer in the open air under the spreadhig branches of the trees, where, seated on rough benches hastily prepared for the occasion, the pioneer settlers listened attentixely to the welcome messages of the traveling preacher, who was either an independent missionary or sent on a missionary tour by the body to which he belonged. Regular circuits were established by the Methodists as early as 1810. The first lawyer located in the county was Roxwell M. Mason, who came in 181 1. The next year came Jeremiah H. Hallick, after- wards circuit judge of the district. James W. Lathrop came in 1816, and about the same time John Harris opened a law office. Or- lando Metcalf was here in 1820. As in all new counties, there were lawyers who at times regularly traveled the circut. Among those from a distance, who practiced at the Stark county bar. were Andrew W. Loomis, John C. Wright. John M. Goodenow and Benja- 32 OLD LANDMARKS mill Tappen, afterwards L nited States sen- atiir. In tlie practice of the healing art Dr. An- (h-e\v Rappee, who came in 1808, from Eu- rope, was the first. In 181 4 Thomas Bonfield came from Baltimore, and soon afterward his brotlier, Jolm came. Dr. Hartford, Dr. Je- row, Dr. Brevsacher, and Dr. Gardner were all resident physicians before 1820. Dr. Wat- son came at an early day and settled in Dal- ton, Wayne county, and on the completion of the Ohio canal he removed to Massillon. The improvements in the practice of medicine have kept pace with the progress of the times. Cal- omel and jalap, Peru\ian bark and boneset tea, bleeding and blistering have given way to more refined and equally efificacious modes of treatment. We have a type of disease and con- stitution difterent from that of our forefathers, requiring a modified course of treatment. In the culinary department the women of today have much the advantage over our grandmothers. Instead of an open fire-place, with a crane upon which to hang pots and ket- tles, and Inn-n their faces in raking out coals for tlie dutch oven, we have parlor cooks and star ranges, that don't darken the complexion of our fair daughters. How the girl of that period compared with this can best be demon- strated Ijy a few examples. Valentine Weav- er's three eldest children were girls, and in opening his farm these three girls did the work of three men. Magdalene could do quite as much work in the way of ploughing, reap- ing or mowing as most men. She did the work iA a man in clearing land, could cut down ;is many trees, split as many rails and do as much grubbing as the next man. CANTON TOW^NSHIP. Canton township is bounded Ijy Plain, Os- nal)urg. Pike and I'errv townships on the j north, east, south and west, respectively. It is laid out regularly, being six miles scjuare and containing thirty-six square miles. The surface features are varied, in the northeast- ern portion being rolling and inclined to te hilly ; in the northwestern it is almost a level plain ; south of the central section line it be- comes more and more hilly, until in the south- eastern and southwestern portions it is very rough and hilly, this being particularly the case along the Nimishillen creek. The soil compares for fertility with any portion of the county, ranking among the first for the raising of all kinds of grain. Most of the hilly por- tions of the township and the valleys enclosed by them are clay lands, though interspersed by some gravel and sand hills. Underneath lie coal strata of sufScient thickness to be profitably worked. The climate is generally good, neither too excessively cold in winter nor too hot in summer, neither, on the average, too wet nor too dry. The earliest settlements in the township were near the present site of the city of Canton. The first man who came into Canton township with a definite purpose of remaining and making settlement was James F. Leonard, who had been connected with the land office, which prior to 1805 had been lucated at Steubenville. Jefferson county. In company with James and Henry Barber, he, in March of the abo\e year, established a sta- tion just northeast of the present city. They were progressive and far-sighted and took considerable pains to induce others to come to this locality for permanent location, showing them suitable lands, and, when necessary, sur- veying and measuring for them. During 1805 many settlers from Maryland and Peimsyl- \-ania came to this section, located lands and did some clearing. l)Ut nearly all of them re- turned to their eastern homes to spentl the winter. Scon after Leonard made his loca- tion he induced a personal friend. James Cul- berson, to come here and make location, but CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 33 the latter was soon afterward attacked with inflammation of the lungs, and died on the sth of October, 1805, his being the first death of a white person in the township. Shortly after the establishment of Leonard's station aiiolhcr was established by Butler Wells and Daniel jNIcClure, about two miles northwest of Cant(.in, near what is now known as Meyer's Lake. In consequence of the wisdom of the liication of these first stations they became the points to which emigrants came in their search for homes. In July, 1806, Mr. Leonard was united in marriage with a daughter of James Ilarbcr, this having been the first marriage in the township. In the autumn of 1805 Leonard surveyed and ])latted the original Canton, and in the following }ear, at the first public sale of lots, he purchased a lot on the southwest corner of what is now Se\-enth and Market streets. On this lot he erected a brick building, which oc- cupied the spot until 1879, when it gave place' to a larger and more imposing structure. yVmong those who selected and located land in Canton township in the year 1805 were Da \- ill Bechtel. Jacob Aultman, the Baer fam- ily, I'hilip Schlosser (afterward written Sluss- er) and William Ewing. Bechtel came from Maryland to Columbiana county in 1803 ; in J 805 he located his land in Canton township, and in the fall of 1806 he came back with a hireil man, built iiimself a log cabin, cleared three acres of land and sowed it with wheat. He then retvirned to Columbiana count\-, mar- ried, and the young ci-)uple removed tii their new home in the spring of 1807. Here he lived until liis death, in the .spring of 1833. I'hilip .Slusser came from Pennsylvania to Stark county in 1805 and chose a quarter sec- tion of land directly east of Canton, having the same entered in the land office at Stent )en- \inc. He was l-orn in the upper Rhine coun- try of Germany, and was a man of decided, u])rig1it character. He was one of the. first 2. commissioners of Stark county and was held in high regard by all who knew him. His death occurred in 182S. He was the father of the late Dr. Lewis Slusser, so well known through- out this county and honored by all who knevv him. In those early days wolves and bears were plentiful all ovev this part of the country, ready for any prey to which they could gain .".ccess. It was no uncommon event for the settlers to be aroused from their midnight slumbers by the cries of distress from their domestic animals, who were being frightened or attacked by their wild foes. The follow- ing account of an experience of some early traxelers through this section of country will throw some light on the condition of things at that time: "In 1802 Messrs. Slingluff and Deardorft, in their western trip, arrived at a point near Canton, on their way to Tuscara- was county, and encamped on the banks of Meyer's Lake. They were weary and much exhausted from the want of rest and sustain- ing food. But with all their fatigue and suf- fering, they were charmed and refreshed by the prospect presented before and all aI)out them. The lake lay immediately before them, and on its rippling surface, fanned by the gen- tle breezes of the evening, the rays of the setting sun were reflected in a thousand forms of beauty and splendor. The banks were decked with flowers of different colors and of the fairest hues, while evergreens of the deep- est green enlivened the scene. Wild fowl, in countless numbers, were sailing gayly over the water or feeding along the banks. Their bright plumage and graceful movements gave a sense of peace and security to our weary travelers, and they went on cheerfully, and with the prospect of quiet slumbers and an un- disturbed rest before them, to prepare their fru,gal meal and an encampment for the night. * * * * They did sleep a little while, but, suddenly awakened, they heard the dismal 34 OLD LANDMARKS howl of scores of barking wolves about tlieir camp. Tlie glaring, fiery eyes of the fierce, blood-thirsty animals seemed pressing towards them from all directions. There was no safe- ty but in precipitate flight. Their horses, as wearv hut n.;w excited as their riders, were near at hand, and were quickly saddled and mounted. It was several miles to the cabin of the nearest settler, and it soon became a race for life. For a short distance they rode along the lake, the wolves falling back before them; then, suddenly turning their horses, they rode rapidly in an opposite direction, lioth horses and riders by this time fully alive to the horror of the situation. The wolves, for a few minutes foiled, became even more furious than before, and soon followed on their track, in constantly increasing numbers. * * * Soon they reached an opening n the woods; the light frrtunitv for more. The pian of organization is similar to that of the best schools in the state. The board of education consists of six members, elected at large for a term of twt) years, three members retiring annually. The course of study co\ers a period of twelve years, the last four of which constitute the high school work. There are four courses in the high school — the classical. English. business and manual training courses — each requiring four years. It is the purpose of the bcjard of education to enrich the work of the schools, not .so much by the addition of numer- ous branches of study. l)ut by making the ines. and bv work thijrough along essentia 'Jic gi\-ing of such work in science, nature 36 OLD LANDMARKS study and the like, in the lower grades, as cir- cumstances and the proficiency of the schools will justify. Ciraduates of the high school are prepared for admission to the best colleges in the whole country, and representatives of the school are found in many of such institutions. They are also prominent in political, social, religious and professional circles. Like other growing towns, Canton has a city debt. Her public property, however, water works system, school buildings and sites, sewer system, city buildngs, parks, etc., are valued at over one million five hundred thou- sand dollars. Her cheap fuel and general abundance of soil productions make Canton one of the cheapest places to live in. Her' city afifairs are managed with prudence, and, comparing her taxes with similar cites throughout Ohio, her rates on taxation are Ijelow the average. The Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chicago line of railway is Canton's great east and west route. Canton has two successful business colleges in operation, which .'ire well sustained. It is as a manu- facturing town that Canton has increased and prospered and become not unknow^n abroad. Visitors to Canton usually go away favorably impressed. The late John Saxton, who started the Re- pository in 1815, in a sketch of his career, written about 1870. said Canton in 181 5 was a town of about three hundred people, and it would be difticult for a person of this gen- eration to imagine the forljidding aspect of this region in 1815. The business affairs of the county, which had been prostrated by the war, were made yet worse by the irredeema- ble and worse than worthless currency of the period. Mr. Saxton chronicled the final over- throw of both Napoleons (Waterloo and Se- dan), though a period of fifty-five years had elapsed between them. The following are Cantim's chief indus- tries : The Aultman Company, Bucher & (libbs Plow Company, Jos. Dicks Agricultural Works, C. Ite Manufacturing Company, F. E. Kohler Company, V. L. Xey Company, W. H. Shaffer & Company, Best Street Light Company, Canton Saw Company, J. Keller F.lectric Works, Cleveland Axle Manufactur- ing Company, Timken Roller Bearing Axle Company, Canton Brewing Company, C. V. Sommer & Eros., C. D. Monnot & Sons, Can- ton Bill Posting Company, Canton Boiler Works, John Danner Manufacturing Com- pany, Canton Malleable Iron Company, Elbel Company, Stark Brewing Company, Canton Hollov>' Block Company, Canton Pressed Brick Company, Metropolitan Paving Brick Company, Bonnot Company, Canton Bridge Company, Canton I~'lant American Bridge Company, Canton Broom Company, Stark Brush & Broom Company, W. Barber & Sons, Canton Buggy Company, Jacon Motter & Sons, Canton Pole & Shaft Company. Cle\'e- land-Canton Spring Company, Southern Gum Company, National Wringer & Manufactur- ^ ing Company, Artificial Ice and Storage Com- pany, Canton Surgical and Dental Chair Com- pany, A. P. Gould Company, I'he Harvard Company, H. B.' White Manufacturing Com- pany. Canton Engraving Company, Automatic Fountain & Disinfecting Comjiany, National Fire Proofing Company, Universal Machine Works, Goughnour Electric Cotnpany. Can- ton Light, Heat & Power Company, Central Electric Works, Pan-Electric Company, Car- nahan Stamping & Enameling Company, Knight Manufacturing Company, Nichols En- graving Company, J. H. McLain Com])any, Benskin Manufacturing Company, Canton Fillet Company, Canton Feed Company, Can- ton Foundry & Machine Company, Canton Roll & Machine Company, Novelty Iron Com- pany. Canton Gas, Light & Coke Company, East Ohio Gas Company. Canton Natural Gas .Sii])plv Company, Canton Incandescent Light CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 37 Company, Sun \'apor I.iglit Company, Eu- reka Light Company, Gibbs Manufacturing- Company, Canton Ice Company, Diamond Light Company, Canton Insulator & Clay Company, American Sheet Steel Company, Columliia Iron & Wire Works, Diebold Safe & Lock Compan}', Canton Ladder Company, Champion Lawn Rake Company, Bachtel Lum- ber Company, Canton Lumber Company, Bern- ower Manufacturing C^ompany, Jos. Weaver & Sons, Ohio Steam Pump Company, Canton Supply Company, Canton LTpholstering Com- ppny^ Cleveland Provision Company, Ohio Mica Company, Cantonora Mining & Develop- ment Company, Gold Hill Mining Company, ]\Iexican- American Mining & Development Company, La Tisnada Mining Company, Miller Pasteurizing Company, Canton-Hancock Oil iSr Gas Company, Co-operative Oil & Gas Company, Ohio Consolidated Oil & Cias Com- j)any. Goheen Manufacturing Company, Can- ton Plating Works, Canton Pump Company, Structural Steel Car Company, Alexander Agency Company, Canton Steel Rooting Com- pany, Kanneburg Roofing & Ceiling Company, Canton Rubber Company, Gilliam Manu- facturing Company, Knight Manufacturing- Company, Biechele Soap Company, United Steel Company, V'era Cruz Development Com- pany, Electric Cleanser Company, Hampden \\'atch Com.pany, Deuber Watch Case Com- pan\-. .Spangler Roofing Company, Canton Rug Manufacturing Company, Wagener Pump Company, American Mine Door Com- pany, Lhiited Plate Company. MASSILLON. One of the noted and prosperous towns of Ohio is Massillon. It was laid out in the winter of 1825-^*, after the location of the Ohici canal, and soon became the important business center of several counties. During the building of the canal it was a sort of head- quarters, the village of Kendall, now the fourth ward of Massillon, having had then an existence of ten or twelve years, and had as denizens enterprising men, several of whom became prominent in Massillon and county af- fairs. After the completion of the canal Mas- sillon bounded forward, and for long years was one of the most acti\e and glorious busi- ness towns in the country. Massillon soon became known as the "Wheat City," and well deserved the cognomen. It was a daily sight, at certain seasons of the year, to see wagons loaded with wheat, or other grain, coming from the east and west and other directions by hundreds to this town, and returning with money and goods. These, indeed, were the days of Massillon's greatest prosperity. The canal gave water con^•eyance that connected , this region with the outside world, and prod- ucts had a ready sale at good prices, as a rule. A year or more before the canal was finished a citizen of Massillon sold one hundred bar- rels of flour at two dollars a barrel. Land soon began to advance also; one thousand acres of the fine plain land, south of Massillon, a couple of miles of more, were sold in 1824 at four dollars and a quarter an acre. Many of the settlers of Kendall and the neighborhood were from New England; sev- eral of them had followed the sea as shipmas- ters, but the war of 1812 haxing ruined Amer- ican commerce, navigation was too perilous, and they came to "lovely Ohio." Kendall had her woolen factory, saw and grist mills, and other businesses, and besides was a center of active thought before Massillon made a start. Massillon's puljlic schools have ever stood high, and her superintendents have been among the most accomplished educators of the state. Only in this way does the man stupid become the man inspired, getting out of the torpid into ;s8 OLD LAKDMARKS the observing, percc-n mg and reHecting state. The citizens of .Nhissilion liavc always taken a deep interest in the cau.se of popular educa- tion. The management of the schools has been remarkably free from all political and sectarian influences. .\il money necessary tc> place the schols in the very front rank has been cheerfully raised. The schools were organized in October, 1848, witli Hon. Lcjrin Andrews as superintendent and a corps of six teachers. The old I'nion schoul building was erected in 1847-48. and was one of the first of its kind in the state. It served its purposes well for thirty years and was removed in 1879, as soon as the new high school building was com- pleted. There are now seven school build- ing.s conveniently distributed throughout the city, comfortably furnished and well supplied with modern appliances for school work. The estimated \alue of school property is one hun- dred and sixty-five tlunisand dollars. In the ■■Encyclop;edia Brittanica" Massil- lon is thus sketched : "Massillon, a city of the IJnited States, in Stark county, Ohio, is situ- ated on the Tuscarawas, a head stream of the Muskingum : communicates with Lake Erie by the Ohio canal, and forms an important junc- tion for various lines of railway. It is well known for its coal mines and white sandstone quarries, and it al.S(j contains blast furnaces, rolling mills, machine shops, flouring mills and extensive establishments for the manufac- ture of agricultural implements, glass and paper." Her sandstone (|uarries. for building purposes, have also been a source of wealth, great ([uantities being shii)ped to other towns. In 183J, while some men were ditching a swamp south of the village, they dug up two tusks of a mammoth, each being eleven feet in length and twenty-two inches in circumfer- ence at the larger end. Indian relics have also been found in the neighborhood, as. indeed,^ they have been in other parts of the county. For beauty of natural surroundings Massillon is unsurpassed. "I would not have the iiills around Massillon leveled if I could." said James Duncan, when some one objected to the hills. "The day will come when those hills will be covered with fine residences overlook- ing the city, to which the hills will add but beauty, and Massillon will be celebrated for its beauty." And Mr. Duncan was right, but even he little dreamed of the wealth in these hills, and the >'aluable strata of coal and stone of the first quality near Ijy and round about. In the early 'fifties came railroad communi- cation through the county, and materially changed conditions and opportunities, and for a time Massillon was hardly herself: but in due time her native enterprise found other avenues, and coal and manufactures and other de\-elop- ments again brought business and |)rosperit\', which continue with the usual variations that affect all localities. A mile or more south of the city the state has erected ajiospital for the insane The electric street car communica- tion with Canton, eight miles distant, is a great convenience to both towns. Her own street car line extends to the hospital groimds and the cenieter\'. The first bridge over the Tus- carawas there was a toll bridge, which nuis- ance the people endured not long, for soon there was ;i free Ijridge constructed. The stone structure now there was erected fifty years ago by tiie county. Besides the Fort \\'ayne railway, M;;ssillon has the Cleveland, Lorain & Wheeling and the Wheeling & Lake Erie lines. A branch road through h'ulton to Clinton to connect with the Cleveland, Akron & Columbus Railroad is not much used. Th.e following are the most important in- dustries: \\'arthorst Stone Quarry. Brown Lumber Company, Elm Run Coal Company, Massillon Bridge Company, Massillon City Coal Company, Massillon & Cleveland Coal Company. Millport Coal Company. Massillon Thresher & Engine Company. Massillon Light. Heat & P(3wer Company. Massillon Loan & CAXTOX AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 39 Ruildiug C'Hiipan)', Alassillon Taper Com- pany. Massillon Savings & Banking Company, Massillon Stoneware Company. Massillon ^^'ate^ Supply Company, Michale-Goslien Coal Company, Rogers Boiler Works, Mer- chants' National Bank, Olson Foundry & Ma- chine Company. People's Building & Loan Com]:)any. Ridgway-Bnrton Company. Russell & Co., Somerdale Coal Company, Union Na- tion;d Bank. L'pi)er Pigeon Run Coal Com- pany. W'ainwriglu Coal Company. Warwick Coal Company, Roseman Foundry. Reed & Com])any's Class Works, W. R. Harrison & Ctmipan)-, Massillon Stone & Fire Brick Com- pany. Artificial Ice Company, J. C. Corns Iron Company, Hess, Snyder & Company, Conrad, Dangler & Brown (lumber). Meuser Piano Company. Warwick & Justus' Mills, J. F. Po- cock Milling Company, West Side Milling Company, Massillon Street Railway Company, Massillon J'rewing Company, Farmers' Tele- phone Company, i-'irst National Bank, Howell's Manutact'.u'ing Company, Independent Pnb- liNliing Company, Linden Coal Company. LFXlXCrON TOWNSHIP. Among the iirst settlers of Lexington township were .Amos Holloway, Zaccheus Stanton. Xath.ui (Ja-skill. John Grant, David Berry and Jesse Feltz, who were attached to the Quaker faith, and who came here in 1805 and 1806. Holloway and Gaskill were the joint proprietors of the village of Lexington. The first roads in the township were the one leading from Deerfield to Canton, running diagonally across the township, and the other was from Salem, intersecting the first at the village of Lexington. The first jjostoffice was on the first of these routes, three-cpiarters of a mile west of the town, and established in 1811. .\t this time a weeklv mail arrived at the station, being first carried on horseback by Jndeth ]<'arnam. The first child born in the townshiii was a daughter born to Timothy and Alice (jrevvall, while the first marriage was a daughter of A^braham and Tabitha U'ileman to Vv'illiam Beeder. .\t that time the soil of Lexington town- ship was consitlered to be comi)aratively worth- less, though since then it has developed to be the richest land in the county, peculiarly adapted to the raising of wheat. However, the Mahoning at that time was a large river, its many tributaries from the dense forests yield- ing to it an e\er-constant supply. The early settlers were impressed with the opinon that the Alahoning was na\igable and in due time would l)ecome a considerable highway of com- merce, and this (ipinion had much to do with the first settlers locating upon its banks. The stream is now but a ri\ulet. though still con- taining some si)lendid varieties of fish. The first house ni the town of Lexington and the first with a shingle roof in the township was erected in 1808 by Amos Holloway. 'and in 'this building the first store was conducted by Gideon Hughes. The enter))rise not [jruving as lucrative as the owner had anticipated the stock was removed and the building sul)se(iuent- ly used as the first house for the asseml)Iage of jniblic worship b\- the societv of Friends, being at the same time, or during the intervals between "meetings, used as a school room. It was a subscription school, conducted in har- mony with the views of the Friends, and the first teacher was Daniel A'otaw. Prior to 1812 Indians were numerous in Lexington townshij). The forests were alive with game and the streams were well filled with fish, and as it is a well known fact that the red man throng and linger where game abounds they were naturally loth to give up this paradise, h'rom the earliest settlement of the townshi]) until the war the conduct of the Indians towaril the whites was very ])acific, 40 OLD LANDMARKS tliere l^eing no savage brutality on their part in the township to record. Another feature whicli attracted the Indians to Lexington townshi]) was the large groves of sugar trees peculiar to the township, from which they ob- tained their supply of sweets. The chief en- campment of the tribe found in this county was four miles south of New Philadelphia. However in 1813 the savage warwhoop was raised against the whites, many of whom left the township through fear; but Commodore Perry's quietus against the unnatural and bar- barous coalition formed by England against Americans was far-reaching in its effect and the Indians withdrew to new or unoccupied hunting grounds, so that after 181 3 only an occasional Indian was seen in the township. The first grist-mill in Lexington township was south of the town of Lexington, and was built by Aaron Stratton. Subsequently a saw- mill was built in conjunction. This mill was located on the bank of Mahoning river. The next mill built in the township was erected by Byran T'.lliott, on Deer creek, about a mile west of Limaville, and in 1818 a grist and sawmill of some greater pretensions was built on the Mahoning river at Williamsport by Johnson & Pennock. The first sawed lumber commanded a value equal to twenty-five cents per hundred feet from 1815 to 1820. Prior to 18] 2 there was no necessity for sawed lumber in the township. Tlie floors of the cabins were made of ])uncheons, their roofs were covered with clapboards, rived from straight-grained oak timber, their sides of round logs, their doors of hea\'y clapboards and swung on wooden hinges ; their window consisted of a couple of feet cut from one of the side logs and the hole covered with greased pajjcr. The chimney and fireplace was a magnificent aft'air, the latter often occupying the entire end of the cabin, and the base of it was built of "nigger- head" stones or "bog-ore" and the balance of the chimney above the contact of the fire was built on the outside of the cabin, of cross-sticks and tempered clay. These cabins were of one room, and were one story high and a "loft." The furniture consisted of a rude table and stools of primitive style. In some cases there were two doors in the same cabin directly op- posite and in such cases logs ten feet long and eighteen inches in diameter were drawn by a horse into the cabin antl then rolled into the capacious fireplace. A few green logs of this size, when fairly ablaze, would bid defiance to the most rigorous weather. The form of architecture just descriljed was improved upon and was follrnxed b\' what is termed the hewed log house. The logs were flattened on both sides, the joists were hewed, the flooring sawed, and the buildings were mostly two stor- ies high. The roofs were made of rived, and often shaved, oak siiingles, fastened to the sheeting with nails, costing twenty-five cents per pound. The windows, which were gener- ally few in number, consisted of a four-light sash window, made to hold eight-by-ten glass ; the crevices between the logs were filled by juggles, and then neatly plastered on the in- side and outside with well-tempered yellow clay. The outside ponderous chimney of the round-log cabin was moved to the inside of the hewed log house. "The differences being so great between the surroundings of life in Lex- ington township then and what they are today, many might conclude that those old veterans of pioneer life had deprivations and hardships without any interims of pleasure. Such a conclusion is very wide of the mark ; they had their recreations and festivals. The brain power and moral tension for wealth was not so great then, and more frequenti)' relaxed than it is today. * * * The pioneers, outside of superior social enjoyment common among the early .settlers, enjoyed a delirious pleasure when, with their sinewy arms, they CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 41 grappled witli tlie ferocious bear. Thev felt a wild enjoyment when the lleeting stag fell dead in his lightning com'se, through the agency of their unerring rifles. This exhilar- ating and nianl}- sport may be startling to the pampered, effeminate sons of luxury. Those iron-armed, resolute settlers may have been un- learned in books, but they were wise and en- nobled from an admitted converse \\\i\\ nature, when her grandeur was undefaced bv man's spoiling art." The town of Lexington was platted and surveyed in 1807, and was named after that historic event which inaugurated the Ameri- can war for independence. Williamsport was not laid out for twenty years thereafter, and then was suburban to Lexington. Freedom followed in twenty-one years and Mount Un- ion in twenty-three years. As near as can be ascertained, the first Methodist society was formed in the \illage of Lexington in 1819, and consisted of six members, under the leader- ship of Thomas Wood. In the autumn of that year Lexington became a regular preach- ing place, being connected with what was called Mahoning circuit, with Calvin Ruttor arid John Stewart pastors. The society at first worshipped in private dwellings and later in a schoolhouse. but in 1827 the [Methodists of the township erected a hou.se devoted to re- ligious worship. Other denominations have gained strong foothold in the township and Alliance now contains some of the strongest congregations in the state of Ohio, the ^leth- odist church being particularly strong. In all respects Lexington township is the equal of an\' other in the county. Her people have always evinced a spirit of enterprise and progress and the position she now holds among her sister townships is due largely to the industr\- and perseverance of the ancestors. In no part of Stark county has the march of civilization left plainer or broader traces than in this section. ALLIANCE. Alliance, in the northeastern part of the county, is a flourishing and active city of 8,974 inhabitants. It is eighteen miles from the coun- ty seat, and commands an extensive trade in the counties of Stark, Columbiana, Portage and Carroll. It was laid out in 1851 at the junc- tion of the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chicago Railroad with the Cleveland & Pittsburg Rail- road. It is fifty-seven miles southeast of Cleve- land, and eighty-two miles west of Pittsburg. The Lake Erie, iVlliance & Southern and the Alliance & Northern railroads also give the town other connections northward and south- ward, and are a great help in bringing trade. It was incorporated as a village in 1854. It has three banks, two newspapers, daily and weekly, a goodly number of churches, and machine shops and mills. For long years Alliance was more of a railway center than now, as of late more trains are run through, and hence there is not so much changing of locomotives and repair- ing required there. Even yet, however, there are several hundred railroad employes kept busy, and all this is an important factor for Alliance and her prosperity. Machine shops, factories and mills have also been a feature in the history of Alliance, and the Morgan En- gineering Works are celebrated as being one of the best of the kind in the country. This establishment has done, of late years, much heavy work for the United States go\-ernment, the latest being a complicated carriage for a monster gun for one of the war vessels. Besides twelve churches, the city has fine public school buildngs, wth a corps of capa- ble teachers, and a school system second to none in the county. The Alliance public schools have an enviable record for good dis- cipline and thorough instruction. Many of their pupils have gone out to live useful lives. 42 OLD LASDMARKS transact successtui Ijusiiiess. and rellect credit upon tlie sclionls in wliicli they were eilucated. During tlie past five years more tlian one-tliird of tlie graduates of the liigh school have at- tended the various departments of Mount Un- ion College, while many ha\'e gone to other in- stitutions. Those who have not entered higher institutions of learning have entered upon use- ful and profitable industries and occupations. The course of study in the grades below the high school is practical, up-to-date, and as far advanced as any in the state. The high school has two solid three-year courses — Latin and science. These are sufficiently comprehensive to give those contemplating them a very good start in life. The six brick huildngs are well fitted with the necessary appliances for good work. Good janitors take care of the buildings and grounds, and competent teachers attend to the intel- lectual and niorcd culture of the children. In one respect, at least, the schools of .\lliance probably differ from those of other cities of the same or larger size: that is. in having such a large proportion of male teachers. Each building has a man as principal, and in the entire corps of thirty-six instructors eleven are men. Alount I'nion College is also located here, two miles from the railway crossing, and is connected with the town by electric cars. This institution has been, and is yet. largely attended, and it has exerted a wholesome educational and moral infleunce. The Museum of Art and Science is of great value and is of great attrac- tion. Mount L nion College is the onlv insti- tution of its kind in the country. The institu- tion has done much towards building up Alli- ance, drawing people there for educational pur- poses, and. of course, a go(«l class of substantial people The citizens of Alliance are distinguished for their enteriirise and public s])irit. .\11 this is evidenced in electric lit;ht plants, thai furnish light to the citizens and power for the street " cars : her ga.s works also are first-class : her Me- morial hail, the first story of which is iKCupied I by the postoftice, is a creditable edifice, and her well-paved streets speak for themselves and | the town. (_)ne of the most notable structures in Alli- ance is the \ia(luct, near the railway crossing. It was built by the railway companies and the county at a cost of al)out twentv-live thonsand dollars, of which tlie count\- paid seventeen thousand dollars. It is some twehe iiundred feet in length, including the approaches, the bridge ])art bein.g about half the length. This part extends oxer the Fort \\'a\ne and Cle\e- land (Jt I'ittsburg railways. This structure be- came more and more a necessity as population and business increased. Within the limits of .\lliance are embraced the earl\- \-illages of I'reedom and W'illiamsport on the north on opposite sides of the Mahoning river, and Mount L'nion on the south, .\lliance has no com])eting town on the east nearer than Salem, fourteen miles distant, and none on the west nearer than Canton, eighteen miles distant. It will be seen the town is fax'orably located for trade, and the fine stores and other establish- ments gi\'e evidence of business. The l)locks, dwellings .and other edifices also indicate thrift. The following are the most imiiortant in- dustries : Morgan Engineering Company. The American Steel Casting Company, .\lhance Rank Comjianv, .\lliance Building Company, -Mliance Fertilizer Company, Alliance & North- ern Railroad Com])any, .Mliance I'ant Com- pan\-. Alliance Street Railway Com])any, Alli- ance Water Works Companv, City Savings Bank, Co-Operative Coal Com])any, h'irst Na- tional Bank, Industrial Building and Loan Coini)an_\-. Lake T'>ie. Alliance iv Southern Railway. Mutual Light Company. Mutual Real Estate Improvement Association. Ohio Na- tional Building and Loan Company. Pleasant \'alley Coal Conipruiy. Re\iew Publishing CAXTOX AXD STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 43 Company. \'eteran Memurial Association, Reeves Boiler Works, J. T. Weybreclit's Sons, Transue tK* Williams, B. F. Mercer Pump Man- ,ufactor\-. Springer Bros. Lumber Company, Ceorge X. Yant Planing Mill. Leader Publish- ing Cr)m])any. PLAIN TOWXSHIP. By Lew Slvsskr The first man who settled in Plain township was Henry Friday. He was a Hessian, taken prisoner at the battle of Trenton and iiamlcd. There was at that time a strong reproach at- tached to a Hessian. It was not only l)ecause they sold themsehes to an unrighteous cause, but it was generally beliex'ed they brought with them to this country the Hessian fly, which has so ravaged tiie wheat crop for many years. It was. if possible, to get rid of the prejudice against him that b'riday determined to leave Pennsylvania and seek a home in the wilds of the west. He had a wife and three children. ^^'ith an old horse and rickety cart, in which were packed his "traps and calamities," he worked his wa\' over the .Mleghanies, through Pittsburgh (then about one-third the present size of Canton), by the scattered settlements along Beaver and across an unbroken wilder- ness to the southeast quarter of section 30, where he "squatted." This was early in the summer of 1805. He cleared a small patch, w liich he planted in corn and potatoes, and un- til the crop matured the family lived upon wild meat and berries. His special business was that of a well digger, an.d until he obtained employment in this line he would cut grass in w hat was then known as the "Wild Meadows," located in the southwestern section of the town- ship, for which he found ready sale to emi- grants. ■Though a man of some natural abilitv. he was of low instincts, inclined to tlrink. and horribly profane. He must ha\-e lixxd like a digger Indian, for it is said that in a year in v.-hich the locusts appeared he had a pie made of them, wliich he ate. and in speaking of it would remark: "Es its der beshta poy es mer moclie kon." Friday remained in the township fi\-e or si.\ years, then bought a piece of lanil in Jackson township, upon which he moved and there died. He was the chief man in procuring signers to a petition to the comity commission- ers for a road from Canton to Cliippewa. which in after years was known as "I'ridav's road." Hugh Cunningham, an Irishman, came the same summer and settled on the northeastern (|uarter of section 34, which he had previouslv purchased of the goverinnent. These two fam- ilies were the only white inhabitants in the township during the winter of 1803-6. Mrs. Cunningham was confined in the summer of 1806 with a female child, whicli was the first birth in the townshi]). The child lived but a few days. Cunningham sold out in 181 i and removed to "Killbuck Bottoms" in Wayne county. When the war of 1812 broke out. he became alarmed from fear of an attack l)v the Indians, and hastily abandoning his improve- ment, returned with his family to his brother. David Cunm'ngham. then a citizen of Plain township. \\'hen the draft followed, he became so terror stricken that to escape it he shot him- self in the foot. (ieorge Harter left Center county. Penn- sylvania, in 1803. with a family of seven for Ohio. On the way out they heard so manv horrible stories about tlie iuflian atrncities that when they reached Beaver, where Mr. Harter had an uncle living, Mrs. Harter was bitterly o]5[)osed to going farther. As the uncle had a vacant cabin on his place, it was decided that the family remain a year at Beaver. Mean- while, George Harter and his brother John, Henr)- Afyers and George Wertenlierger came out to Stark coimt\', made selections of land. 44 OLD LANDMARKS and eacli built a cabin, Geurge Harter on sec- tion 178, John Harter on section 10, Henry Myers in Lake township and Wertenberger in Nimishillen. They assisted each other in the construction of the cabins, and on their com- pletion all returned to Beaver. Early in the spring of 1806 the family of George Harter started from Beaver in a six- horse wagon for their new home in Ohio. A daughter, then in her ninth }'ear, later Mrs. Jehu Grubb. had in after years a very distinct recollection of the journey out; of seeing the men at work digging the race for Slusser's mill, as they crossed Nimishillen: of her great disappointment at the size of Canton, expecting to see it as large as Pittsburg-, when it contained only three cabins, all told. From Canton to their new home, a distance o"f four miles, a roatl had to be cut, most oi the way through an unloroken forest. They brought with them from Beaver two cows and a sow with eight pigs. The sow was kept in a pen for a short tinie, and then a bell was put on her and she was let run to hunt her fond. She bad not gone far from the cabin w ben the family heard her squeal. Suspecting the trou1)le, ]\Jr. Hnrter snatched up his rifle, which was always kept loaded, and made haste toward the locality from Axbence the sound crmie, on his way, ramming down a second bullet. He had not proceeded far when he discovered a huge bear draging the sow by the back of the neck through the bushes. The sound of his ap- proach attracted the attention of the bear, who dropped the sow and stood up on his hind legs and looked directly at Harter. He took deliberate aim at the chest of the bear and fired. The bear fell o\-er, but Harter was suspicious that he might not be dead, and knowing that it would be dangerou.« to come within his reach if he was only wounded, he reloaded his rifle, and approaching the animal within a few rods, took deliberate aim and gave him another shot in the head, when the bear turned over, gave a feeble kick and was dead. The family were much annoyed by bears and wol\-es. They car- ried off all of the eight pigs but two, and these were saved by being kept closely housed. Har- ter constructed a trap in which he caught a num])er of bears and wolves, and once a turkey buzzard. \\'hen a wolf was entrapped there was such an incessant howling that the house- hold could have but little sleep the balance of the night. The first year Mr. Harter came he raised a few acres of corn, some potatoes and garden truck. The seed was brought from Beaver. During the summer they would cut bay in the Wild Meadows, after standing in the water knee deep; drag it out to dry ground, and when ]iroperly cured stack it up, and in the winter take it home on sleds. Jacob IxiUtzenheiser. with a wife and six children from Westmoreland county. Pennsyl- \ania. came in May. 1806. They brought all their worldly goods in a cart drawn by two horses, hitched tandem, and on two pack horses. The use of packsaddles for the transportation of goods was very common at that day. Two axemen led the way much of the distance from Beaver, cutting a road through the woods. On their arrival in Plain township they stopped with Hugh Cu.nningJiam until a shelter was constructed for the family on the southeast quarter of section 34. In the fall of that year a daughter was born to Mrs. Loutzenheiser, named Sarah, \\ho married John Wea\'er. Fa- ther Loutzenheiser died in 18 10. The .same year, Aberham Van ]\Ieter, with means fur- nished by Wells, the owner of the land, erected a sawmill, with chopping stones attached, on the west branch of the Nimishillen. There was a sort of bolting arrangement connected with it, which was turned by hand. This was the first superstructure of the kind in the county. The next summer there came a great freshet and swept it away, and it was not rebuilt. The tide of immigration from Pennsylvania CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 45 to Ohio was quite strong in 1806. During that year there settled in Plain township, beside those already mentioned, Valentine Weaver, Peter Dickerhoof and George Bossier, who were brothers-in-law; Jacob Shinnaberger, George Hantz, George Miller, Simon Essig, Henry Warner, John and David Eby, Concord Rufifner, Christopher Palmer, George, Jacob and Christian Werstler, and their father, Hen- ry Werstler. who was a widower and made his home with his sons. He entered sections 13 and 14 and the patent deed, bearing date October 8, T805, with the bold autograph of Thomas Jefferson, then president of the United States, is still in existence. The question has often been asked why our pioneer settlers made choice of land in the rough, heavily timbered parts, rather than in the plains. Por many years after the land was in market those in search of homes would pass the plains and select, in pref- erence, timbered lands west of the Tuscarawas river. It was on account of springs of running water, which were considered a great acquisi- tion and were much souglit after; besides, tim- ber for rails, building and fuel was regarded a sine qua non : so much so, that an investment in prairie or plain land would have been consid- ered very foolish. When Andrew Meyer pur- chased, in 1816, the large tract of plain land northwest of Canton it was freely commented upon as an injudicious investment. Since under cultivation, the differaice in favor of plains land in the yield of staple products is univer- sally conceded. The lands entered by Weaver and Hantz in sections 28 and 19 were notoriously rough, heavily timbered and rocky. The work of clear- ing was very laborious. Weaver came with seven children, the three eldest lieing girls. The}- had to do the ■work of men and proved themselves equal to the anergency. They felled trees, cut saw logs, split rails made fences, plowed, sowed, reaped and threshed. Nancy mar- ried Philip Slusser; Elizabeth Jacob Essig, and Magdalena, Henry Miller. Nancy died early without oiTspring, but the other two lived to a good old age, and each reared a large family. Betsy Dickerhoof, daughter of Peter Dicker- hoof, his eldest born, was also one of the mus- cular women of the day. In opening the road now between Berlin aiid Greentown, it is said she cut down more trees than any man em- ployed on the work. It is said she took a con- tract to clear ten acres of ground for her broth- er-in-law, John Wise, and completed ihe con- tract satisfactorily. There was a portion of the Eby tract in sec- tion 24 .sparsely timbered — had evidently been a swale. A large area was soon made ready for planting, and after a crop of corn was cut up was sown in wheat. The yield was large and as the influx of emigrants created a de- mand foi- bread-stuff the surplus was readily sold. It proved to be what is called "sick wheat." Every one who ate of the bread made of the flour of this wheat was taken imme- diately after with sickness of the stomach and excessive \omiting. As soon as the stomach was emptied they were relieved and no serious consequences followed. Stock of no kind would eat the wheat, nor would dogs touch the bread. Subsequently crops were alike tainted, but not to so great an extent, and finally it disap- peared. The Ebys came from W^ashington coumy, Pennsylvania, were both single and kept "bach- elors' hall," spending their first winter at their home in Pennsylvania. One bright Sabbath morning Da\id I'.bv heard a distant soi' * chopping. Satislietl that it was not an and curious to know who was his ne: bor, he started on the hunt, taking witl. axe with which to blaze the trees, that \ be able to find his way back. He '' about a mile when he came upoi Metz, father of Dr. Metz, who ha' tract of clearing on land owned Werstlers. Pie had a rude sh 46 OLD LANDMARKS Mild was doing liis own liousekeeping-. After an excliange of salutations, Metz propn--nching. ruid no helj) near. She undertook e the l)ag. She could get it on her , but had not strength sufiicient to over tlie horse. She worked at it until xhausted. then in utter despair ga\-e it \as about lo return to Canton, when ''•icker came along and replacetl it. .\s dark lie advised her not to under- me that night, but stop at his ■ did. Her mother was much distressed at her absence, and thinking she was lost in the woods, blew the horn half the night in order to direct her. She returned wUh the grist early in the morning, to the de- light of the whole family. During the first year after her inarriage it was her custom im- mediately after breakfast to set her dishes aside, go with her husband to the clearing and assist him in rolling logs and burning brush. At noon she would set a cold lunch, using the breakfast dishes unwashed. .\.fter dinner they were again set aside, and she would return to the "new ground" and work until dark. Supper was prepared by the light of the fire, using the same unwashed pewter dishes, and after the evening meal the ilish washing was done for the day. No one who was ever acquainted with her would for a moment believe that this habit arose from a want of cleanliness or neatness. .\t that time more important work occujjied her time. .Abram Ste\ens hatl enlisted with Aaron Burr in his expedition to the southwest, and embarked with a company from Pittsburgh on a flat l)oat down the Ohio ri\er for the place of rendezvous. He became dissatisfied with the prospects ahead and at Steubenville abantlon- ed the enterprise. Working his way eaiSt, he came to Canton in the fall of 1807, and was induced to take up a school for the settlers of Plain. A log structure was erected on the fanu of James Gaff, northwest quarter of section 34. and in the winter following the first school in the township was taught. AuKjng the schol- ars were several grown-up \dung men. It wjs a custom with them to carry their rifies to and from school as a means of protection, as well as to kill game. .Among those who came in 1807. and be- fore the war of 1S12. were James (jafif. Da\id Brady, Adam Rodocker. Leonard W'illiman, Samuel Bair, John Holtz. George Beard, James Harry, Valentine Speelman, Jacob Hosier, Ja- cob Sell. Peter Tro.xel, George Williams, CANTO X AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 47 George Adam Rex, Henn- Exerhard, Jacob Es- sig, Jelni Grubb, Tenry Baclitel and otliers whose name have iKjt yet been ascertained. Plaijl township was organized in 1809. The first election was held on the first Monday in April, at the house of George Harter. The of- fiicers elected, had jurisdction ox-er Jackson. Lawrence, as far as Tuscarawas river, Frank- lin and Green, now a part of Summit county. These townships were yet without ci\il organ- ization. The first volume of the township rec- ord has been lost or mislaid, and it cannot be ascertained who were tiie first officers elected, but it is known tiiat the first justices were James Ga.fi and George Wyke; Abraham Van Meter, clerk ; Jacob \\'arsheler, treasurer, and Henry Friday, constable. There was consid- erable Irouljle to get a second constable. Sev- eral different persons were elected or appointed, but rather than serve paid the fine of two dol- lars. At lengih John Eby acceirted, and during his term of office but one summons was .ser\ed. While Stark county was yet under the juris- diction of Columbiana it was divided into two townships. Canton and Lake. James F. Leon- ard and Loutzenheizer were commissioned as justices of the peace. At the same time, David Bachtel was constable. The first mar- riage in the township was Catharine Harter to David Clay in 1810. Three soldiers of the Revolution ended their days in P'lain. John Keefer, uncle of Solomon Sell, enlisted in Pennsylvania, participated in the battles of Princeton, Brandywine, German- town and Mommouth, died in 1834, and is Iniried at Zion church. Moses Xelson died about 1840. and is buried in the Weaver grave- yard. Christopher Burget died at the infirm- ary. The following residents of Plain were sol- diers in the war of 1S12 : David Shook, Jacob Essig, Adam Essig, Abraham B:iir. John Siiin- naberger. John Holtz and Jehu Grubb. Jacob ,vssig was the last to answer the roll call on -rth. The first mill in the township was built by George Adam Rex in 181 1. A few years after- ward, it was purchased by John Shorl) f(ir hh son-in-law . Paid Ryder. Ryder died and the widow married Jacob Hostetter, who ran the mill for a number of years. The mills of Henr\- Everhard, David Wise, Conrad Ruf¥er and John Trump were all built betw-een 1812-14. A store was started at the Rex mill at an early day by Abraham Holm and his son Jacob, who did the business. It proved a failure pe- cuniarily. The first tan yard in the township was carried on by Holm on the southwest quar- ter of section 10. The predominant religious faith of the early settlers was Lutheran and German Reformed. A joint organization of the twi) denominations was formed in 18 14. and a log church erected on ground donated Ijy Henry \Varstler, from which it took the name of Henry churcii. Henry Warstler was taken sick and died while the building was being rai.sed and was the third person buried on that ground. \';i - iSiie<'', man afterward gave one-half a<~^ ■Lmc much to the church. The first burial who owned a tached to the church was a ^.ih Bull, from Swinehart in 1808. Religious .servi- j -■ inch ternately held by Rev. Benjamin liui gVcuid- man Reformed, and Rev. Anthony Widying in cran. For the go\ernment of the two ed to a constitution was framed June 24, 18141 de- signed by members of both denominainson The following are the .signatures to the oAh in document, all written in German : C'lracter Warstler, George W'ertenberger, \\g to Holtz. Jacob Warstler, Peter Tro.xel.AI man Miller, Christopher Hennig, Xichcirable and der. Christian Beard, John H enterprise Schneider. Mathias Bovver. Mic'is probably John Ringer. John Holm, John E'locaied here Stickler, George Smith, Conrad.smouth, New tonius Weyer, Christian ^isiness. sailing- Werner, Adam Essig. Jacot He ownerl Jacob Essig. Michael Holtz. Jr.. f the com- missioners' court. In June, 1821. the town- ship of Lexington was divided and the twen- tieth civil townshi]) created froiu the western part and named Marlboro, election of officers for the same having been held on August 25 of the ensuing year. Some doubts as to the legality of the order of 1821, creating ^L'lrl- boro, liaving subse(|uentlv arisen, the board of commissioners, in ]\ larch, 1828, ordered that the twentieth original sur\'eyed townshij) in the seventh ransfe be stricken off and divided from township 10, in range 6, and that said township be reorganized under lliQ name i>f Marlboro, and an election be held at the same place as before. Since 1823 no further changes in the boundaries of Marlboro have been made, and from that day to the present it has remained as described in tiic initial paragraph of this arti- cle. The original price of land in what is now Marlboro township was fixed by the govern- ment at tv.-o dollars ])er acre, but later was reduced to one and a ((uarter dollars, the change giving rise to considerable confusinn and no little trouble. The lirst entries were made in 1810, during which time the following per- sons obtained ])atents for lands in \-arious ])arts of the township, namely: S. D. Cape, Peter Baum, D. Markley, Mahlon W'ileman. R. P.eeson, John Bro^\■n, Da\id Brown, W. Cope- land, P. Baum. J. Enlow, J. Snyder, B. Hanna, Da\'id. Jolmsiin, .\1, Houser. J. Heiser. \\ illiam Hover, Nathan Haycock, Philip Hollingbaugh, C. Hoover, Abraham Harmony, Jacob Mcln- tifer, C. Karkley. John Miller, James McGier, Christian Palmer, Idiiali Price, C. I'"'.n-pose of speculation. Settlers came in from time to time, some staying for only a brief period, others remaining and becoming ])ermanent residents, .\ccording to the most reliable information obtained there were living within the present bouufls of the township, as earlv as ]8.?o, the following land holders, and their families: Jerub Baldwin, \\". Beeson, Conrad Brombaugb, W. Cozens, James Ens- low, Elisha Everett. C Houser. Nancy Harpe- ly. Amos Holloway. P. Hollobaugh. E. John- son, [osejih Brown, Peter Baum, John Brown, Da\id Brown, Isaac Elliott, Timothy (iruell. Daniel Houser. W. Hoover, John I lamlin. Na- than Havcock, Martin Houser and others CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 55 wliose names liave been forgotten. From that time on the influx of settlers was more rapid, the following having made their appearance during the next eight or ten years, to wit: William Pennock, Iware Scate, Martin Brant- ingham, I\I. \'auglm, John Hardy, R. B. Wells, S. Welsli, J. Shaw, Robert Hamilton, Xathan Price, Amos Coates, Abraham Troxweil, John Lyman, Thomas Crockett, J. Taylor, A. Nis- wonger, H. Niswonger, Jacob Harper. E. Brooke, W. Hatclier, Peter Lilly, David Thom- as. PL Siiaffer, Samuel \\ eary. John Shillen- barger. Kohn Wliilestone, Ninirod Smith. J. Replogle. Jonathan Nees, Jacob Xees. iNl. Young. D. Kieser. Jacob Lnmel. Eh Shri- ver. Mr. Logue, A. Shri\er. Paulus, Mr. Roda- bush, the Seagley family, Joel Blair, W. All- man, (.'hristian Beard and otiiers whose arrival antedates perliaps tlie year 1830. The first jiermanent settler appears to lia\e been ]Mahon W ileman, who came as early as 1805. and located in section 1. his father ac- companying him and remaining until the spring of the following year. W'ileman erected a small log cabin in which he lived alone during the year 1895-6. clearing the meanwhile a respectable portion of his land and living the contented life of a pioneer. Physicalh- he was a man of heroic mold and undaunted courage. though peaceable in his relations with his neighbors who came in later. ha\ing been a member of the S(icietv of hriends and noted for his piety and good works. He was joined in the spring of 1806 by his father. Abraham Wileman and family, the lat- ter settling in section _\^. wliere his death sub- sequently occurred at the advanced age of nine- ty-nine years, perhaps the oldest man that e\'er lived in the township. The Wilemans were true types of the strong, daring pioneers of the period in whicli they lived, both being noted hunters, and their adventures if narrated in de- tail would make a \olume of thrilling interest. Tlic\' were also pronounced in their opjiosition to human slaver}- and during the days of the "underground railway" their houses afforded a safe refuge to many rvuia\yay bondmen, whom they assisted on the way to freedom across the Canadian borders. It is generally conceded that the second per- manent resident of Marlboro was a man by the name of Timothy Gruel, who settled as early as the spring of 1807, in section 24, wdiere, with the assistance of the ^^'ilemans, he built a rude log cabin, into which his family was at once UKned. in August following the family's ar- rival Mrs. Gruel gave birth to a daughter, Eliz- abeth, the hrst white child born within the pres- ent limits of the township. During the Avar of 1812, and for several }ears thereafter, settlers came in rapidly and it was not long until the best land in the town- shi]) was taken ui). Others who had previously entered choice lands held them in hopes of oli- taining good prices and in this way retarded to a considerable extent the development of the country, not finding at once ready pur- chasers, as they had anticipated. In due time, however, these lands were disposed of and im- proxed, and with the continued influx of pop- ulation pioneer conditions changed, industries of \arious kinds suitable to the necessities of the people sprang up in different parts of the country, and an era of prosperity, prophetic of the advanced civilization of the present day, was inaugurated. The pioneer was the peculiar product of the country and age in which he lived, and his ex- periences were strikingly similar in all parts of the great west, his vicissitudes and hardships particularly fitting him for the w'ork of laying the deep and firm foundation upon wdiich their descendants and successors ha\'e so successfully I)uilded and upon which the present ])rosperity of the commonwealth rests. It was thought in an early day that rich de- posits of lead existed in many parts of the town- ship, and a number of parties from time to time 56 OLD LANDMARKS tried to locate it, but all their attempts proved futile. How the report originated is not known, but that it was widely circulated and gained cre- dence, even among conservative people, is one of the strange facts for which it is exceedingly difficult to account. It is said that squirrels be- came so numerous in Stark county during the years 1824-5 as to become a pest, in consequence of which .systematic hunts were instituted to effect their destruction. In one of these hunts nearly two thousand of the little animals were killed, a good natured rivalry having existed among the hunters as to who could produce the greatest number of scalps at the close of the day, one party, a Mr. Grant, of Lexington, carrying off the palm with over two hundred to his credit. For a number of years the pioneers of Marlboro were obliged to go long distances to procure flour and meal and what few gro- ceries they needed, these trips being invariably made on horseback and covering a period of from two days to a week. In the meantime perhaps the family would l)e without bread, and it was no uncommon thing for the house- hold to be minus the staff of life for weeks at a time, especially of winter seasons, when it was well nigh impossible to travel through the deep forests in the absence of roads. vVikl game, however, was plentiful and easily pro- cured, but even the choicest of these meals would pall upon the appetite, when eaten with- out bread or some kind) of vegetables, which too frequently were unknown during the seasons of extreme hardship. In due time, however, mills were erected near at hand, but not in this tov\-nship. The lirst grist mill in Marlboro was built al)Out 1846 by Pete Barlow & Company. It was a two-and-a -half-story structure, about forty by sixty feet in area, and for a numlier of years was operated day and niglit in order to supply the constant demand for its product. It was supplied with good machinery, made an excellent grade of flour, did both custom and merchant work, and was in successful operation for about twenty years. Later a second flour- ing-mill was started in Marlboro, but being an inferior affair, it soon ceased operation for lack of patronage. As early, perhaps, as the year 181 6 Abra- ham Wileman built a sawmill on his farm in section 23 which doubtless was the first industry of the kind in the township. It stood near a small creek, which supplied the motive power, and the machinery was of the most primitive pattern ; nevertheless it was highly prized by the early settlers for many miles around and for a number of years furnished them what lumber they needed. The second industry of this kind was erected a little later by William Pennock, and about the year 1825 Benjamin Elliott built a sawmill a short distance west of the village of Marlboro, both being well pa- tronized in their day. Exum Johnston, about 1825. or i)erhai)s a year or two later, located a small lumlier mill one and a half miles northeast of Marlboro, which did a profitable business while in opera- tion, and about 1830 one Elisha Butler built a sawmill on the old Whittaker farm, the grow- ing demand for lumber ju.stifying these enter- ])rises. Another mill for the manufacture of lumber was built near Marlboro in the early 'thirties by Jacob Wirtz, which, like those al- ready alluded to, answered well the purposes for which intended and no doubt returned the proprietor a respectable revenue. Jacob Wood owned and operated a mill north of the village in an early day. as did also Joseph Taylor .and Cliarles Shiron, and a Mr. Keiser engaged in the manufacture of lumber a little later in the western part of the township. Still later anotlier lumber mill was built in the western part by a Mr. Eby, \\ho operated it for some years with encouraging success, and in 1843 a steam mill was built in the town of Marllxiro by All- man & Ellison, who did a large and lucrative business, the enterprise having been one of the largest and most important of the kind in CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 57 the county at that time. Other lumber mills have l5een run from time to time by different parties, among the leading being those op- erated by Lewis & Waistler, at New Baltimore, Pennock & Mason, D. Harmony & Company and others, the majority successful in the main and creditable to the neighborhood in which situated. Another industry worthy of note was a distillery erected in the western part of the township in 1820 by Jacob Nees. It was a primitive aft'air, intended to supply a unisersal demand which at that time prevailed not only in that neighborhood, but throughout the en- tire state of Ohio It was supplied with one small copper still, and the output amounting to ril)out twenty gallons of rather inferior quality of whiskey per day, was largely purchased and consumed by the people of the locality. After twelve years, during certain seasons of which it was not in operation, the distillery fell into disuse and was abandoned. Later Jacob Hoag built a distillery on a more extensive scale than the former, its capacity amounting to about one Ijarrel of whiskey per day; the less said about the quality the better for the reputation of the proprietor. It was in operation about ten years, then fell into disuse and since its existence ter- minated no other attempts have been made to manufacture whiskey in the township of Marl- I >')VO. The history of the village of New Balti- more dates from 1831, on August 26th of which year it was surveyed by John Whitacre, county survevf, the ground only ])arliall\" covered with slabs. There was no chimney, but for comfort a fire was built in one corner and the smoke allowed to esca])e through the crevices. Holes were cut for windows, and these covered with greasted paper, a common substitute for glass. The first marriage in the township was John Bair to Catherine Henning. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 67 .\niong' iither eaii_\- settlers may be men- tioned Peter Musser, a notorious fighter, Za- <;l(jck and John Welker, John and Wilham Mc- Jnderfer, Adam Shall, John Thomas, Fulton and Scovey, who were brothers-in-law ; Mi- cliael Stonehill. George Crowl, Daniel Shively, Samuel Neidig, John Cameron, Vance, Pipher, Wickart and Jacob Hayman, of whom the story is told, that returning home from a "raising," he came across a 1)ear that had been wounded bv a rifle shot. Armed with an axe, and his courage stimulated with whiskey he had drank at the raising, he concluded to have a bear as a trophy for his wife. Advancing upon him with the axe uplifted, intending to cleave the skull, his arm was unsteady and the blow in- effectual. The bear grappled him, and before he C(juld extricate himself, he was severely wounded. He concluded to play quits, and left the bear to depart in peace. The first sawmill in the township was built by Rudy Bair in 1812, one-half miles south- west of Paris, on Black creek, so named from the dark appearance of the water, caused by the swamp in which it rose. The mill was. de- stroyed by fire, but was rebuilt and afterward abandoned. The first grist-mill was erected by the same party two years later on the same stream about a mile up. It was a two- story frame, with two runs of stone. On the death of. Bair, the mill passed intii the possession of of his son, Daniel, and at his death to Benjamin Roop, and from him to John P. Myers. The water supply failing, this mill was abandoned, and a steam mill erected near by. A few years afterward, Myers sold the mill to Greiner, who removed it to Strasburg. A town site was located on the northeast quarter of section 8 by Rudy Bair, December 2 J, 181 3. Tn casting around for a name he concluded to call it Paris, as at that time the city of Paris. France, was considered the me- tropcilis of the world. The town was surveved by Daniel L. ^IcClure, July i, 1816, and re- corded in the clerk's office September 10 fol- lowing. Bair donated two acres of the ground to the German Reformed and Lutheran con- gregations for church and burial purposes. Upon this lot a log building was soon erected and used both as a school house and church. Among the ministers who preached there were Rev. Mahnesmith and Hewett. They were itin- erants. The first regular preaching was by Wier and Foust from Canton. John Augustine taught the first school in the building. The first funeral was a child of Robert Stewart. The town's location on the State road, at that time and for many years afterward, the main thoroughfare of travel, gave it consider- able prominence. John L'nkefer kept the particular ta\'ern, and as he belonged to the bonvivant class of landlords and could spin a good yarn and furnish a square meal, it gave his house and the town a widespread reputa- tion. The stages that ran that road changed horses and the passengers took their meals there which contributed to give it greater no- toriety abroad. They had likewise an organ- ized military company, and were out at all gen- eral musters. They w^ere much praised for their fine appearance and excellent discipline. John Unkefer was captain, David Unkefer, lieutenant, and John Henning, ensign. The musicians were Peter Myers, drummer, and Samuel Unkefer, fifer. The fir.st village black- smith was Michael Keiselman. The first store in Paris was opened In* Sam- uel Putman. His stock of merchandise was quite limited, but the wants of the people of that dav were confined to a few necessaries of life, as they had not the means to indulge in luxuries, had they been attainable. Putman sold his stock and good will to Albert Alexan- der. Daniel Burgert soon after engaged in the Ijusiness and carried on a large trade, dealing extensively in horses and cattle. About 1838, l'n\in£r business in Steuben\ille, he started for 68 OLD LANDMARKS that place on horseback. The following morn- ing he was found dead in a saw-mill race in Jefferson county. The supposition of some was that during the night, which was very dark, he had mistaken the mill for the bridge and was killed in falling off. By others it was believed he was robbed and murdered, as it was known he frequently carried large sums of money on his person. The nxystery was never solved. A postoffice was established in the town August 12, 1822, and Daniel Burget was the first post- master appointed. The townsb.ip of Paris was organized April I. 1S18. At a meeting of the county commis- sioners (John Sluss, \Villiam Alban and John Saxton) on that day, it was entered as a part of their proceedings that "Rudolph Bair presented a petition for tlie incorporation of a new town- ship by the name of 'Paris,' now a part of Os- naburgh, signed by himself and others, and that the election of township officers be held on the nth inst., at the town of Paris, in said town- ship." Previous to this time citizens of the town- ship Aoted at Osnaburgh. as they were under the jurisdiction of that township. At the first election Thomas Deweese and Samuel Bosse- man were elected justices. Deweese declined serving, but Bosseman accepted his commis- sion with some distrust of his ability to discharge the duties. His first case so "ferhud- dled" him he refused to act and threw up his commission. As no one could be found willing to accept the office. Daniel Burget, a resident of Osnaburgh township, agreed to move to Paris on condition they would elect him, which agreement was complied with. As the early records of the township are lost, it is impossi- ble to ascertain who the other officers were. A very singular circumstance occurred in the township many years ago, that should be mentioned. Mr. Carr and wife, of Wayne county, were traveling in a one-horse buggy east, on the State road. It was in the summer and on a still day, not a breath of air stirring. A short distance beyond the town of Paris, as they were passing a dead tree standing beside the road, it fell directly across the buggy, crush- ing the vehicle and both the occupants to the earth, killing them instantly. The horse broke away, but was caught by a neighbor who happened to be on the road, taken back, and the couple found as described. Though yet warm, there were no signs of life. A sad end- ing of an anticipated pleasure trip. The melan- choly event created quite a sensation in the neighborhood, and w^as the subject of comment and speculation for a long time after. In- scrutable are the ways of Providence. The first physician of the town and town- ship was Dr. Robert Estep, who came from Fayette county, Pennsyh'ania, and settled in Paris in 181S. He served an apprcnticesliip as a silversmith, but soon abandoned that business for the study of medicine, for which he exhib- ited more than ordinary aptitude. Thrown upon his own resources for pecuniary aid. he was unable to attend medical lectures, but. like the majority of practitioners of that day in the west, set up his business without having ob- tained the degree of doctor of medicine. He very soon acquired a reputation not only as a successful practitioner, but as a bold and skill- ful operator in surgery. Twice he performed the caesarean section, the only physician for many years in the county who attempted the operation. He left in 1834. removing to Can- ton and was succeeded by Dr. Preston. There is no record of New Franklin. It was laid out by John Unkefer about the >ear 1 83 1. A postoffice was established in the place r'ebrnary 20, 1S3J, and Jesse Shoard a])])Minle(l pc^stmaster. The proprietor of Robertsville was John Robard, who had the town survey.ed and had the plat recorded November 23, 1842. A post- office was established December i, 1862, and Peter Adoli)h made inistmaster. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 69 Alinerva. a part oi whicli is in Paris town- ship, is an old town, but just how old must be guessed, as the plat was not recorded until May 25. 1873, long after the town was located and could boast of having quite a population and an extensive trade. A postoffice was estab- lished February 8, 1828, and John Paul made postmaster. ♦-•-♦ NIMISHILLEX TOWNSHIP. By Lew Slissek. Ximishillen was named after the creek \\hich takes its rise in the township. There is a tradition that the stream was named from the l)lack alder which grew very abundantly along the Ijank. the Indian name of which is said to he iNIissilla ; prefix to this word ni, which prob- abh- meant stream or water, and you have ni- missilla. since corrupted into Nimishillen. Col- onel Bouquet, a British officer stationed at Fort Duquesne (now Pittsburg), in his narrative of an expedition through this section in 1764, gives the orthography of the stream "nemen chelus," from which the present name was evi- dently derived. The first settler in the township was John Bowers, from ^Maryland. He entered the south half of section 32 in 1805, and in the following spring moved out with his family and com- menced an impro\'ement on the east quarter. The winter following his son John, then a stout boy, was taken sick with a fever. There was no physician near and the parents were compelled to rely upon their own resources to do \\hat they could for his relief. Teas made from roots and herbs, reputed sovereign reme- dies in fever, were freely administered, but without avail. The lad continued to grow worse, and in a few days died. It was a terri- ble shock to the family. The mother blamed it all upon the new country and regretted having left their eastern home. The few dis- tant neighbors were promptly on hand to con- dole \\'ith the afflicted familv and render such assistance as was in their power. A rude cof- fin was constructed out of an old wagon box and the boy buried in the woods, some distance from the cabin. A tree was felled across the grave to protect it from the wolves. Bowers sold this quarter to Bollinger, and bought fifty acres of land from Samuel Flickener in Canton tov.'nsliip, to which place lie removed, and then died and was buried in Osnaburgh. He was one of the early county commissioners, and also tax collector, when the office was distinct from that of treasurer. Fie is yet remembered pass- ing from house to house with a cylindrical tin liox strapped over his shoulder, which con- tained his papers. There was an Indian trail running east and west, that passed through the township. John Thomas, a resident of Columbiana coun- ty, with the help granted by the commission- ers, had this trail widened, so as to make it passable for teams. It was afterward known as the "'Thomas road." Penticost & Scott, a firm of laiid speculators, laid out a town on this road, on the southwest quarter of section 28 and called it "Nimishillentown." Their idea was to make a strike for the county seat. Daniel L. McClure, surveyor, made a plat of the projected town, giving the streets attracti\e names. A square ^vas donated for the court house and jail, one for a school and another for a church. The proprietors erected a cabin, covered it with clapboards, fastening them with nails wrought by a blacksmith in New Lisbon. In the cabin the two men kept "bachelor's hall" and as emigrants came from the east to pur- chase land, either for a home or on specidation, thev beset them to purchase a lot in the new town. Meanwhile Osnaburgh and Canton be- gan to loom up as prominent sites in competi- tion for the county seat. It soon became evi- dent that the contest for the court house was between these two towns. A few lots of Nimi- shillentown were sold, but no improvement made, and the project of a town was aban- 70 OLD LANDMARKS cloned. The site of Xiniishillentuwn, the first paper town of Stark county, is now a cuhivated field. In 1806 Daniel Mathias, with a wife and three children and his father, then a widower. came from Fayette county, Pennsylvania, and settled on the southeast quarter of section 14. Unloading their cooking and farming utensils they bivouacked under a tree imtil the men erected a cal)in. Jacnh .Mathias. a hmther of Daniel, came out at the same time with a wife and two children and settled near by. A child was born to Mrs. Daniel Mathias in October, 1806, which was the lirst white child born in the township. Indians were accustomed to camp along the creek during the season of hunt- ing and fishing. They were inofifensive, but, like tile tram]) of the present day. \\ere persist- ent beggars. The_\- were j^articularly fond of whiskey and when once indulged with a taste, there was no let up to their importunities for more "whisk," as they called it. ]\Iathias brought a keg of several gallons with him from Pennsylvania. On the occasion of a visit from several of the tribe he treated them each to a drink. This soon spread among the rest and it was no long until he was besieged by such numbers that his supply of the stimulant was soon exhausted, nor would they accept his statement that he had no more until he exhibit- ed the empty keg, when they made fruitless ef-. forts to squeeze out a few more drops. The great eclipse of 181 1 was noteworthy. Mrs. Mathias was away from home on that day on a visit to a neighbor. On her return home it suddenly began to grow dark, although the sun had just been shining brightly. It was soon so dark that she was unable to see the path and she was com])e]]ed to stop until dark- ness passed away. She was mucli frightened and supposed the workl had come to an end. Henry Loutzenhei;^er and John Rui)ert, brothers-in-law. from Westmoreland county. Penns_\-l\-ania, came out in tlic summer of 1807 The house was known \vas a popular stoj)- and, with the help of a hireling, made a clearing on the southwest quarter oi section 11 and erected a cal)in about twelve feet square. Rupert made a clearing upon the adjoining quarter and built a cabin the same year. I,out7enheizer sold his land a few years afterward to Martin Houser, a Revolutionary soldier, and bought the quarter upon which Ximishillentown had been located. Michael Ru])ert, uncle of Plenrv Loutzenheizer. mar- ried an Indian squaw, and by her had se\-eral children. His brother ]^Iartin and cousin, Mar- tin Ilouser, were both taken prisoners during tiie I\e\olutionary war bv the Indians while driving cattle to the army. In 1822 he built a brick house in Louisville, which was the first building of brick in the township. Vnv many years lie kept tavern here. sign Spread Eagle, far and near and ping place for traxelers. It was one of the places in the county at which "general muster" was held in early times, while the Revolution- ary struggle and the war of 181 2 kept alive the martial sjjirit. Da\id Bair, of Paris t(jwnsliip, was colonel and Henry Loutzenheizer, major. Dr. Robert Estep, of Paris, belonged to the staff and on parade occasions was out in full dress uniform, brass buttons, epaulets and a chapeau with a large white feather tipped w ith red. Those were gala davs for old and voung. They usually closed with a few fights and a dance. Ilenr}- Loutzenheizer was tlie father of twenty-fi\-e children, all living at one time, the i)roduct of three wives. Notwithstanding latter da_\' achiexements, this feat is unri\-aled in the history of Stark county. Daniel Brown, living on section 25, same township, was the father of eighteen children. About the year 1814 two of them, a boy and a girl, the former eight and the latter ten years old, were lost in the woods, having been sent by their mother toward exening to bring up the cows. I'olJow- iug the path leading in the direction where the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 71 cattle were accustomed to graze, tliey came to wliere it forkeil. tiere tlie}' disputed wliicli was the right path. It appears both were mistaken, as neither led in the direction of the cattle. As a consecjuence both children were lost and un- al)le to hnd their way home. The cattle returned without tliem. The parents becoming alarmed at their long absence, started in pursuit. Night (ivertaking them, they aroused the neighlwrs within reach and everybody that could be spared turned out. Through the long and dreary night they kept up a din of noises and shouting, blowing horns, in hopes of attracting the chil- dren, but no response came. It was feared that some wild animal, a bear or panther, had destroyed them. Daylight came and yet no tid- ings. More persons were procured and the search continued. About noon the boy was found at a cabin in the eastern part of Wash- ington township, which place he had reached but a short time before. The girl was not found until the second day, and when approached was in a thicket gathering berries, apparently as un- concerned as though she had just left home. Nimishillen township was organized in iSoQ. The earl}' records are lost, so that it is impossible to give a list of the first officers elected, but it is believed Daniel ]\Iathias was one of the first trustees and Jacob Tom- baugh, first constable. The northeast- ern part of the township attracted the greater part of the settlers, mainly because of the beau- tiful timber. It was a comman saying that "the poplar an.d chestnut were so, tall you had to take a rest to see the top." The locality also abounded in ginseng, which was (|uite a source of revenue. It was an article of foreign ex- port, and in China was said to be worth its weight in gold. Besides the early settlers already mentioned, may be named Mathias Bowers, brother of John, George \\''ertenberger, Ulrich Shi\ely, John flans, John Thomas, Benjamin Breyfogle, Henry Warner, Henrv Sanor, lohn Hilde- brand, John Thomas and Robert Huston. A son of Ulrich Shively was bitten by a rattle- snake and was said to have been cured by the application of mud to the bitten part. Harrisburgh was the first town in the town- ship and was laid out in 1827 by Jacob Harsh. The first store in Harrislmrgh and the first in the township was started by David W. Rowan about the year (832. Louisville was located in 1834, by Henry Loutzenheizer and Frederick Kaini, joint pro- prietors, as the land of each constituted part of the plat. It was originally named Lewisville, after a son of Loutzenheizer, but on applica- tion for a postotfice it was ascertained there was already one of that name in the state, and at the request of the postoffice department the orthography of the name was changed to Louisville, which it has i;ince retained. The first store in Louisville was started by Kuntz & Gorgas, from Osnaburgh. The first physician in the township was Dr. John Schilling, who came in T837, direct from German}'. The first grist-mill was built by John Eby in 181 1 on section 31, fuit was aljandoned for lack of wa- ter. The first preacher in the neighborhood was John Gans, a Tunker. It was the custom of his denomination to hold worship in barns. Edward Carl, direct from "ould Ireland." set- tled in the township in 181 1. He was a tanner and an enthusiastic Catholic, and soon gathered around him others of the same denomination, when they were' accustomed to have worship in private houses. The Moftit brothers, James, Patrick and Thomas, early settlers of the same, creed, were great talkers and exercised (|uite an infiuence in the community as compared with the staid Pennsylvania German, who had his Ijrejudices against any book knowledge beyond the Bible and almanac. John Bowers was county commissioner from 1 819 to 1826, when the pay was from twentv dollars to twenty-five dollars a year and no perquisites. John Htjover was twice elected 72 OLD LANDMARKS to the legislature in 1822 and 1823. The legis- lature at that time met on the first Monday in Dccemher. With a change of underclothing in a pair of saddle bags, the member of that day would start from home a week before the opening of the session. By short stages, and carrying a rail through Killbuck bottoms, he would reach Columbus in four or five days. Once there, he never thought of leaving until the close of the session. The style of those days \\ ould now be considered a rude state of civilization. The home of the early settler was a rough log cabin, made with an axe and auger. He obtained a scanty subsistence from the earth by hard labor. He had few comforts and no luxuries. Clothing was made of homemade fabrics, colored from the bark of trees, and wants were few, yet they lived happily, because there were but few failures, and pride and am- bition was not then, as now, the ruling pas- sion. SANDY TOWNSHIP. By Lew Slussek. The first settlement in what is now Sandy township was made by Isaac Van Meter in the spring of 1805. He came from Brooke coun- ty, A'irginia, with a wife and child, accompan- ied l)y his father-in-law, James Downing, Sr., who had previously entered the land upon which llicy intended making an opening". Their outfit, consisting of several cooking utensils, a few tools, a little bedding and some provis- ions, was carried on pack saddles. On reach- ing the land, northeast quarter section 29, they made a temporary shelter for Mrs. Van Meter; then, clearing away a small piece of ground, with the help of several friendly Indians, soon had a cabin raised and covered. Their furni- ture was such as could be made in the woods with an axe and auger. They constructed a sort of plough with a wooden mould-board. and made home-made "gears" out of bass w^ood and hickory bark. After a fashion of that day, they broke up several acres of ground and plant- ed it in corn and garden vegetables, after which l^owning returned to his family in \'ir- ginia. At that time there was no w'hite inhab- itant nearer than Gideon Jennings, who lived four miles soutli, nor was there another neigh- Ijor within ten miles. There were a few scat- tered families above the forks of the Nimishil- len. but the distance was over fifteen miles, too far for social intercourse. The winter of 1805- 6 was passed without the family seeing the face of another white person. They had frequent "calls" from Indians, then roaming over the country, but their visitations were something like the "tramp" of the present day, not calcu- lated to excite pleasant emotions. In the spring of 1806 Downing returned with his family, consisting of a wife, three sons. James, Hugh and Adam, and a daughter, Sa- rah, afterward married to Robert Thomp- son. During that summer and until spring, the two families lived together. In June Mrs. Van Meter \vas confined ; the birth was a boy, and he w'as named John, the first born in the tnwnship. This' first-born attained manhood, and iiiust have been a man of considerable muscular abil- ity, as it is \vritten of him by one who knew him well, that "he never met a man who could lay him on his back, or outrun him in a foot race." In the spring of 1807 Van Meter moved onto the quarter section upon which Waynes- burgh is located. In the fall of 1S08 his son James, then about four years old, while in the act of climbing over a fence, fell, pulling the tiij) rail upon him, and broke his thigh. There was no physician nearer than Steubenville, a distance of forty miles. A neighbor named James Reaves, assisted by several others, ad- justed the leg to a natural position, while an Indian medicine man ])reparefl a splint of white elm bark, freshly pealed, which he bandaged on the limb with strip of like material, leaving CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 73 a space immediately over the fracture for the apphcation of stewed herbs, wiiicli an old squaw would apply every day, at the same time assisting the cure by a powwow. The boy re- covered in due time with a fair limb. The fa- ther mo\-ed to Richland county in 1815. There were undoubtedly persons who set- tled in the township in the year 1807, but in our researches thus far we have failed to ascertain who they were. In 1808 William Thompson, from Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, set- tled on the northeast quarter of section 30. His cliildren were Margery, married to John For- sythe ; Jane, married to John Reed ; Polly, mar- ried to David Griffith; James followed the ocean as a sailor and was lost at sea ; John died in the war of 1812, and Robert married Sarah 1 )■ iwning. When father Thompson was about making his will, as he had accumulated consid- erable property, he told Robert, his only sur- vi\ing son, that he intended leaving him all his property. Roljert replied that if he did not leave a fair share to his sisters, he w-ould never touch any portion of it. Thereupon his father made an equitable and satisfactory distribution among all his children. Such an act of disinter- estedness is worthy of note. James Hewitt and wife, his brother, John Plewitt. a bachelor, and his nephew, John Creighton. Jr., from Allegheny county. Penn- s}"lvania, came in the same year with Thomp- sr)n. and settled on the northeast quarter of sec- tion 23. Their first child, named James, was born January 30, 1809. William Knotts also came that year bringing his family, his half- brother. John Van Emmon, and their mother, Mrs. \'an Emmon. The only emigrant known to ha\-e settled in the township in 1809 was Morgan Van Meter, a brother of Isaac. The township of Sandy was organized ]\[arch 6, t8oo. Its jurisdiction extended over the T5th and i6th townships in the 6th range — Brown. Rose and Harrison in Carroll county. The first election was held the first Mondav in .\pril, 1 810, at the house of Isaac Van Meter. James Hewitt was elected justice of the peace, and Morgan Van Meter, constable. The town- ship proper had originally less area than the law required, being only five miles north to south. In the formation of Carroll county, two rows of sections were taken from the east side, leaving the township about twenty square miles instead of thirty-six. For many years the place of election was at the house of John E. Pool, in what was known as Hambvu'gh. It was re- moved to Wayriesburgh about 1825. The fol- lowing persons settled in the township in 1810: Mathew Mayes, Philip, Henry and George Shultz, John and Alexander Cameron, Simon Shook, William Welker, David*Silver and Ben- jamin Greathouse. When the war of 1812 broke out the following men went from Sandy township: James Downing, Jr., who was elected captain of a company, James Reeves, Benjamin Miller, Benjamin Greathouse, James Carothers, John Creighton, Jr., Henry Shultz, John and Robert Thompson and George Shultz. George Shultz contracted fever while in the army, obtained a furlough and died soon after his return home. John Thompson also took the fever and died on his way home. He was bur- ied at a place then called Slippery Rock. They ;dl served under General Harrison. In 1812 Jonas Baum, with his wife and two children, accompanied by his ag'ed father and mother, settled on section 15. John Creighton came the same year with his two sons, James and Robert, and a daughter, Anna. Michael Keefer and family came in 181 3 from Somerset county, Pennsylvania. The next year there came from the same county Daniel Shaeffer, Peter Shaefifer, Valentine Rinehart, Henry Gib- ler, Thomas Filson and Daniel Bonebreak. The first school house in the township was built on the Knotts farm in the fall of 1808. It was a rude log structure, with a fireplace at one end large enough for an ordinary saw log. greased paper windows. s]")lit logs for seats — in 74 OLD LANDMARKS short, in outward adornmeiits and internal ar- rauifenients, tlie connter])art of the school house III" that day in this region of the country. Will- iam Lee taught the first school and John Laugh- lin the second. The first couple niarrietl in the township was I-Iugh Downing and Mary Hibbit. May 13, 1813. They came to Canton and had the mar- riage ceremony performed by Samuel Coulter, a justice of the peace. The first death was Airs. Y-dw Emniiin, mother of William Knotls. She was Iniried on the farm in Xoxember. 1808. The place continued to be a public burying ground, known as "Ivnotts's Graveyard." The first preaching in the settlement was con- ducted by Joshila Beer, a Presbyterian minister, who came in 181 8 and held worship at the h< luse of James Downing, Sr. W^aynesburgh was laid out by Joseph I land- Ian in 1814. 7'he year previous John Laughlin had built a cajjin o\\ the site, a little north of the railroad water tank, in which Handlan kept a tavern. The same year Handlan sold out to Daniel Shaeffer, wiio became proprietor of the town. Handlan must have been of a speculat- ing turn of mind, for the ne.xt year, in company with John C. \\'right and John M. Goodenow. he laid out Hamburgh, adjoining Waynes- 1)urgh, on the opposite side of the street. The l)lat numbered one hundred and eight lots, but was ne\'er recorded, and as corner lots were not in demand, the project was soon abandoned. Handlan built a saw-mill in 1816, the first in the township, Ijut as the foundation was sandy, it gave way before completing the first "through'" in the lirst log. Handlan remo\-ed til Wheeling in i8if Waynesburgh was liy John Alexander, the win- tre of 1819-20. in a log cabin built by Robert Alexander. The first store was kept l)v Joseph Tlrmdlan and Barnhart .Mahou in 1816; first blacksmith. Job AUertcm. 1816; first tailor, Frederick A. Boeg;d. 1819; first shoemaker, Henry Pickard. The lirst grist-mill in the town- ship was built ])v J(jhn Brcjwn. Enoch Ross and his wife r^Iargaret. with a family of eight boys and three girls, came from Pennsylvania in 1815 and bought the Mewitt farm. Ivoss died in 1824, leaving" a large family to be provided for, and a balance yet due on the farm. Mrs. Ross was a re- markable woman and ])rovefl equal to the emer- genc\'. She raised her children in the wa\' they shoukl go, respected and esteemed b\' all. Se\-- eral girls became popular teachers, while two boys studied law and practiced in the west. The youngest graduated at college, intending to en- ter the ministrv. but died before completing his stutlies. Ixichard Klson was an carl_\- settler. — a jolh". rollicking sort of a fellow, fond of fuu. and a leader at fights and frolics. He was a successful business man, became a large land owner, built a grist and sawmill. ga\-e con- siderable attention to raising fine-wool sheep, was a strong partisan of the Whig stripe, and hated a Democrat as the devil does holy water. A somewhat noted character at an early day was John Marks, as was also his wife, whose maiden name was ]\Tary Shultz. Pie ac(|uired note for skill and indnslry in felling timber and splitting more rails in ;i d;iy than any other man in the valley, and she, for her fecundity, ha\-- ing had nineteen children in twenty years! Too much "usufruct" for Marks, so he decamped for parts unknown, and has never been heard of since. All the regret Mrs. IMarks expressed in h.er grass-widowhood was that her husband had left befc^re she had the twentieth. Of the later prominent citizens of the town- ship may be mentioned Dr. James ^^'elsh. a highly, esteemed physician : Jehu Brown, mill- wright and Baptist minister; Robert McCall, all of these men representing the countv in the state legislature: Alpheus Brown, who served CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 75 five terms as count}- auditor; Roljert N. Mc- Call, cotmtv treasurer, and Thomas ]\[cCall, auditor. Robert K. Gray was one of tlie notaljle men of ^^^-lyneslnlrg■j^. There is a bit of romance connected A\ith liis ad\ent into the township tliat is worth mentioning. Mr. and Mrs. Gray came from Ireland and, as the story runs, Mrs. Gray was the wife of a titled gentleman and (iray was their coachman. The ])lind god who ofttimes plays such strange pranks, worked his sticks between thehi, and the con- sequence was they eloped and came to Amer- ica. When he first came into the township he undertook to farm and raise siieep, but in this he was not successful, and a few years after- ward removed to W'aynesburgh and engaged in the mercantile business. He soon became pop- ular and did an extensive business. For years he was the leading merchant of the place, did an cxtensi\-e business, and accumulated consid- erable wealth. Mrs. Gray kept herself se- cluded from society, for the reason, it was said, that she did not wish to be questioned in ref- erence to her antecedents. She was regarded as a woman of more than ordinary intelligence, l)ossessing many fine accomplishments. She had no children. Several years after the death of Gray she married John Whitacre. The un- ion was not congenial, and after a year or two they separated by mutual consent. RECOLLECTIONS OF ANDREW FAULK, JR. "^ly father came from New Jersey and set- tled in Sandy townshiji in 1815. I was then eight years old, and \vell remember many cir- cumstances connected with our early experience in a new country. My father and brother John drove the co\ered wagon in the woods and commenced to cut down trees for a cabin. It was constructed after the style of cabins of that day, except that in place of a door a (|uiU was huiig. As soon as the cabin was cm'ered. and before the floor was laitl, wc moved in. A bedstead was framed into the corner, in which I had the best sleep in my life. "In the fall of that Vear father bought ten a]:)ple trees of Dr. Rappee in Canton, and planted them among the timber. Three of those trees are still living and bear fruit. We had' no cow and mother would go around among the neighbors and get all the flax she could to spin, to pay for butter and meat. ^.ly uKither's spinning wheel made sweeter music than any piano now-a-days. She would spin late at night lay the light of the fire, and we children were lulled to sleep b_\- the hum of the wheel. Father was an iron worker and was much of the time away from home at work at the forge or furnace. ?klany nights we heard the howl- ing wolves. One time mother and I went to Alexander Camerpn's, about a mile distant, on an errand. Returning home, we lost our way. Wandering around for some time we came to a high hill, on reaching the top of which mother was rejoiced to recognize our clearing by ths deadened trees. "\\'e had two horses that father brought fnjni New Jersey. As we were short of feed and the means to purchase, they were turned into the woods to pasture. There was a bell on one by which we could with less dif- ficulty find theuL One morning they were missing. The bell was nowhere to be heard. After several days' fruitless search, father came home satisfied they had wandered off some distance and had gone east- ward. Believing they Avould make for Xew Jersev, he concluded to start after them next morning. Mother was up bright and early, baked him se\eral pone, whicli he carried in a wallet oxer his shoulder : taking w hat money he h.ad. which was less than a dollar, and the two bridles, he started, not knowing but what he would have to go half the way to Xew Jer- sev. as the horses had sexeral days the start. I'^ijllowing their trail, which he couhl do Ijy 7^ OLD LANDMARKS their Ijrowsiiig, up hill and clown, across bot- toms and streams, he first heard of them in the 'Knapp settlement," near where Oneida is now located. After passing this locality it was evi- dent they had become bewildered, as they wandered around among the clearings, but still making eastward. IJe came up to them not far fr.jm Xew Lisbon and was home again after an absence of four days. We were all much rejoiced to see him return with the horses. "I-'ather was not nuich of a hunter, but de- pended upon his labor for the support of the family. We boys, with the help of our dog, would occasionally catch a coon, 'possum or ground hog, which we had cooked and would eat for a change. \Ve w'ould fry out the fat for shoe grease, sometimes getting half a gal- lon out of one 'possum. Our first sheep was a pet lamb, obtained from Mrs. Philip Shultz. \A'e Ijoys taught him how to Initt. One day Airs. Yahna came to visit ninther. Just as she opened the cabin door the lamb espied her, and gave her such an impetus that she went in rather unceremoniously. The scene was ludi- crous. "The first school house in the neighborhood was built in 1815, on Alexander Cameron's land, section 4. Our first teacher was Alpheus Brown, from the state of Maine, the same who afterwards became so well and favorably known as county auditor. "AS' there was no market for farm products at that day, father found it difficult to raise money sufticient to pay taxes (though they were then trifling comi)ared to what they ai"e nowl and purchase the few store articles need- ed for the famih", such as leather and salt. To meet these wants he was oj^liged to work from home in the iron works, at Pittsburg, Steuben- ville and in latter years at Congress Furnace. To illustrate how difficult it was to sell farm pro(hicts fnr mone\\ I must relate the circum- stance of Cousin John Faulk and I taking eight- een dozen eg'gs for mother to Canton to sell. The stores wouldn't buy or barter for them at any price. We took them to a tavern iust west of the court house. The landlord picked over them and found two that were rot- ten. He looked at us with a lowering brow :ind said, 'Boys, if you are not careful you will get into trouble,' at which we were much fright- ened. .A.fter chafering some time he told us he worild give us twenty-five cents for the lot, seventeen dozen and ten ! \\'e were glad to take the twenty-five cents and leave for fear we should get into trouble for offering rotten eggs. "Mv first pair of boots were gotten in this way ; I was twenty-one years old in July. My father gave me from the first of February to the middle of March preceding to work for myself. I was ambitious to have a Sunday suit of store clothes. Upon inquiry, I learned I could get employment cutting cord wood at Congress b'urnace. I secured a contract at twenty-fi\c cents a cord, and board myself, made an agree- ment with an aunt (who lived about a mile from the chopping ground) to give me my lodging and do my cooking, J to furnish raw material, which 1 brought from home. In the morning I had breakfast before day, took with me bread, krout or potatoes and boiled meat for dinner, and was at work as soon as it was light. I would w^ork regardless of wind or weather until dark. My dinner in the basket would often be frozen solid, especially the krout and bread. I cut and ranked up thirty-two cords, for which I received in cash eight dol- lars, and I was proud. With this money I bought leather and had a jiair of hoots made, some cloth, out of which Frederick Boegle made me a regular swallow tail coat : imt in cul - ting it got the waist up between my shoulders. T^icture to yourself a gangling youth with such a fit. Iriuimcd out with large brass liuttons.'' CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 77 PIKE TOWNSHIP. Pike township was organized March 6, iSiy t'oi" purposes of jurisdiction the sur- eyed township west (now .Bethlehem), not tiien organized, was attached. The first elec- tion for township officers was held the follow- ing month, at the house of Henry Bordner, on the southwest quarter of section 5. In filling the different offices, men were selected from both townships. The township was named after General Zebulon Montgomery Pike, who was killed in the war of 1812, while in command of an expedition against York (now Toronto), the capital of Upper Canada. The first man known to have settled in the township was George Young. He was born in Maryland, and while yet a boy left home to work for himself. He went to Somerset coun- ty, Pennsylvania, and after remaining there a year or two married, at the early age of nine- teen. From Somerset he removed with his wife to Jefferson county, Ohio. Here he remained several vears. working whenever he could ob- tain employment, saving his earnings until he had suiticient to purchase two horses and a few fanning implements. Packing on the horses some corn meal and salt, his family clothing and stock of farming implements, he started in the spring of 1800 to settle upon a piece of land he had leased from the owner, who resided in Jeffers<,)n county, Mrs. Young, with a young- babe, rode one of the horses ; the other horse ]\Ir. Young led, carrying his trusty rifle, with which lie expected to obtain all the meat they would want. What a contrast to the facilities afforded at the present day for migrating- west. After several days of wearisome travel through a wilderness country, a portion of the distance by an Indian trail, crossing Sandy creek at Downing's ford, they reached tlie Sulphur spring at the head of Limestone creek, in sec- tion 9. Here he constructed a siielter of poles and brush, which serx'ed as a protection during a storm and a lodging place at night. His near- est neighbors were John Nichols, then building a mill on the Nimishillen four miles north, and John Faber, whose land was in Tuscarawas county, adjoining the boundary line of Pike, distant five miles. For weeks this couple worked together, clearing ground and preparing it for crop. At night the horses, until they becatne acquainted with the locality, were tethered or hobbled, and fed upon the luxuriant pea vine and grass with which the woods abounded. Having completed sowing and planting. Young returned with his wife and child to his former hoine in Jefferson county, to harvest the wheat crop he had put in the year previous, and in which he had an in- terest. While engaged in this Mrs. Young ob- tained employinent at weaving from the neigh- bors, by whi-ch she not only secured board and lodging for herself and child, init made some money. After the grain was cut, Young dis- posed of his share, which afforded him the means to purchase a cart and a load of merchan- dise, consisting of flour, corn, meal, salt, whis- key and tobacco. With this accumulated stock Mr. Young felt as proud and independent as did ever the millionaire Stewart on the occasion of an, importation. Hitching his horses to the cart, tandein style, he returned to his home in Pike, cutting his way through the woods after crossing Sandy. He built a log cabin and constructed some rude furniture, sufficient for all their wants. In those days a sugar trough answered the purpose of a cradle and a dough- nut tray. It was a lonely, dreary winter. The time was mainly spent in cutting down trees and preparing fire wood. It was seldom thej' saw the face of white man. Indians were roaming over the country and would frequently call for something to eat. They were harmless, and yet would frequently frighten the women, if they happened to be alone. On one occasion Mrs. Faber was coming out of their cabin after dark with a crock of milk, intending to store it in the 78 OLD LANDMARKS cave fur the night. Just a,-;: slie upened the cabin door, there stood a big Indian, whose appear- ance frightened her so that slie let the crock fall and made a rapid retreat for the cabin. The In- dian laughed heartily at her alarm, walked into the crJjin and made himself at h(jme, as was their custom. On this leased land Mr. Young struggled along until i8i i, by which time he had accumu- lated sufficient means to enter the northwest quarter of section 21, upon which he died. JMr. Young was drafted three times during the war of 1S12, each time furnishing a substitute. While troops were encamped at Canton and Wooster he supplied them with beef cattle. For many years he had a small store at his house, in which he kept and had for sale such staple articles as salt, iron, nails, glass, leather and other commodities in geu-e'ral demand. In common with many other good people of that day, especially those of German descent, ^\r. Young belie\-ed in witches and witchcraft. He was left-handed, which he claimed gave him supernatural power over this unseen agency. He also boasted of having in his possession a book, purchased at a high figure from Dr. Fogle (one of the early merchants of Canton.) con- taining instructions how to control witches. Our early hunters, especially those who were considered crack marksmen, and participated in shooting matches, were inclined to believe in the power of certain persons to put what they called "a spell" on your rifle, which would ma- terially impair its accuracy of shot, never ac- knowledging that the fault was in the shooter. Ifenry P.ordner and IMiilip Seffert settled in the township in 181 r, and both were chosen township oiificers at the first election. A daugh- ter of Bordner married her cousin, lohn P. Bordner, one of the very few men given tc sporting who were at the time successful as farmers. The same year Johnathan Cable, from Somerset county, I'ennsylvania. entered and cnnimenccd imprii\-ing the southeast quar- ter of section 27. With the help of a hireling, he put up a cabin, cleared and plowed five acres, which he sowed in wheat. He had lived the year previous at Yellow Creek, Jefferson ct )unty, and when he came out he brought with him pro- vision enough to last him while engaged in the work. During inclement nights he lodged in the cabin of George Young. Early in the spring of 181 2 he moved his family out, then consisting of a wife and three children, two by a former wife. Mr. Cable had hardh' set- tled in his new home when notice was served upon him that he was drafted and that by a certain day named he must appear in person or by substitute, armed with a rifle and necessary accouterments, prepared to meet the enemy. Here was a trying time; Mrs. Cable with three children, the oldest under five, in the woods, neighljors few and far apart ; the air full of rumors of Indian encroachments and massa- cres; the tlmught of being left alone was any thing but pleasant to contemplate. But the woman was ecpial to the emergency. She de- termined, if possible, to hire a substitute. With the help of a friend, who sympathized with her, she found a substitute for sixty dol- lars, which she paid with earnings she had saved while they kept tavern on Yellow creek. As the man had no gun, she was compelled to give up their rifle, which she much regretted, as she had early acquired skill in its use, which enabled her at any time she wanted fresh meat to take (liiwn s(|uirrel or wild turkcw with which the woods then abounded. It was a common custom with Mrs. Cable during moon- light nights after her children were asleep, to g(i out into the new ground and assist her hus- band to roll logs and burn brush. She could split rails, make fence or cut cord wood. In the harvest field she made a full hand and con- tinued to do so as long as her husljand li\-ed. Mr. Cable died in 184S. Mrs. Cable, who sur\i\c'(l her husband, was the finest type of womanhood in Stark countv. She was tall. C.-IXTOX AXD STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 79 I if fine fdi-ni. walked erect, had a pleasant, in- telligent countenance, and even in old age her liearing was unimpaired and eyesight good. Pitnev Guest came in 1S12, with his fa- ther-in-law, Benjamin .Miller. They were fnini Xew jersey. Miller served in the war of the Re\olution, most of the time under Gen- eral Greene. He was wounded in an attack made bv Cornwallis m North Carolina, init remained in the service until the close of the war. He died in 1828, and is buried in San- dvville. The two families "squatted" on sec- tion 16. They slept in the wagon in which they came until a log cabin was built. ]\Ir. Guest had learned the shoemaker's trade, and he was enabled to procure many of the nec- essaries of life by making and mending shoes for the early settlers, as there was no other member of the craft in the settlement. At that time the neighbors would frequently join to- gether and load a canoe with such articles as they had to spare, float down the Nimishillen, Sandy and Tuscarawas to a place known as the "station," where parties called traders kept whiskey, tobacco, iron, salt, nails, pepper, coffee, etc., wliich they would barter for corn, flour or anything else that could be disposed of to emigrants. The return trip was irksome and laliorious and as soon as the roads would admit traflic was transferred to Cleveland. In the last call for troops in the war of 181 2 Mr. Guest was drafted, Init before he was called "Ut peace was declared. He lived on section iC) about three years: then sold his improve- ments for one hundred dollars and entered the northeast f|uarter of section 7. .Mr. Guest was the first justice of the peace elected in the township. He was an ordained minister of the Baptist church, and in exercising the functions of pri,est and squire did much marrying. He was a man of fine appearance, sound judgment and more than ordinary intelligence. When l)arties came to him for law, it was his invaria- ble custom to make an efi^ort to have them reconcile their difl:'erences or compromise, rather than resort to legal measures. He held the office of justice over twenty years, ■ and might have held it to the day of his death, had he consented. 'Slv. tluest was killed in 1856, being- thrown from a wagon in a runaway, his head striking a piece of timber with great force, fracturing his skull. He was seventy- two years of age. His widow died in 1874, aged ninety-two. John Holm and his father, Michael Holm, from Maryland, settled in Pike in 1812. They purchased the northwest quarter of section 8, from a man named Andrews. On the farm was a fine spring of water, where the Indians were in the habit of loafing. Arrow heads, implements of stone and Indian trinkets have been found around the place. In 1814 Amos Jenny, a hickory Quaker, settled in the lower portion of the township. He was a sin"\-eyor Ijy profession, but had an eye to business and speculation. He built a saw and grist-mill, the first in the township ; the latter was quite a primiti\e structure, the frame simply four corner posts set in the ground, forked at the top for poles to support the rafters, and clapboard roof : the sides were not weatherboarded. There was a run of stone quarried from a rock in the neighborhood, and a bolt about the size of a feather renovater. .\1- though the flour made at this mill could not l)e compared with the fanc}- brands of today, it had the good quality of digesting itself. Jenny conceixed the idea that the country around, with the natural influ.x of population likelv to follow, would support a town ; there- upon he had surveyed, staked off and platted upon paper, in the "third month, twenty-second, 1815" (quoting his own language, as recorded in the office of the county clerk), Sparta, hop- ing it would grow and prosper equal to its an- cient prototype. It is the only town in the town- ship, and although it has not attained the great- ness hoped for by its founder, the town has held 8o OLD LANDMARKS its own remarkalj])- well, which is more than can be said of many other places known in his- tory. In the original plat there were but four streets, these being designated by the animalish names of Wolf, Bear, Buffalo and Elk. A postoffice was established in Sparta in 1854, and called Pierce, after the then President of the United States, and John Graft was ap- pointed first postmaster. J uther Drury, a Yankee, who left his wife because she liked another man too much, came to Sparta in 1819, purchased ground and built a bloomery (furnacej for the production of malleable iron direct from the ore, the first es- tablishment of the kind in Ohio. The ore was broken up and mixed with charcoal, placed on a stone hearth, heat applied, the ore smelted and run (iff into blooms, from which it was forged by the Ijlacksmith. It is said that during several seasons when there was a scarcity of corn parties would load their boats with this iron, float down the river to Lirichsville (Egyp- tas they called it) and trade it for a return cargo of corn. In 1823 James Hazlett, of Canton, pur- chased the bloomery and converted it into a forge. Pig iron was taken from Congress Fur- nace (located at North Industry) and here made into bar iron. Abraham Kaiser opened a small store in Sparta in 1820. but soon after Hazlett became owner of the iron works he sent his brother-in- law. John Laird, there with a store, and Kaizer closed out. It was about this time the first re- ligious demonstrations were made in the town- ship. Morgan J. \'an Meter, John Russell, Heydon and Amos Jenny commenced a series of meetings, which were held by appointment at private houses. They were not intended to be denominational, but the parties engaged in them called themselves Bil)le Christians. A number of converts were made. The same body afterwards became Disciples, and John Whit- acre preached for them. The ^lethodists, un- der the leadership of Lupper, Kaizer and Pierce, stirred up the waters for a few years before and made some converts. The early settlers of the Lutheran and German Reformed per- suasion were in the habit of meeting at the house of Ailani Phillips for worship. As their number increased, they united their forces and built a log house on section 4, known as ^lelch- heimer's church, named after the minister in charge, who li\ed near by. The grave yard attached to this church was the initial burying ground. The first school house in the township was built in 1813 on section 13, and the teach- er was Adam Jackson. The next, near Sparta, had a female teacher. John Eaber came into the neighborhood ir, 1805. with his father. Philip Faber. and bought just across the line in Tuscarawas count}', what was then called soldiers' land. He bought it on time, at two dollars per acre, because he had no money to enter government land. The quarter in Pike, later owned by John Faber. wa- entered by his father, and was somewhat im- proved before James occupied it. Faljer s nearest neighbors for sexeral years were Hofifs. near Zoar. eight miles, and the Worleys. six miles east. Prier Foster was a well-known early set- tler. He was a thoroughbred Ethiopian, and the first of the race in Stark county. He was married in the "Oberly Corner" Ijy Squire Coulter, in 181 1, to Rebecca Butler, a comely white girl of good sense but perverted tatse. Foster was a hard-working, industrious man, of large frame and great physical strength. He was a miller by trade and was often heard remark that he never saw the horse that djuld carry as much at one load as he could. It is said that a stranger, passing his house, stopped in inquire the road to a certain place. ^Irs. Foster was alone and in reply to the inquiry said : "My dear will soon be in and he can tell you." Presently Foster made his appearance. The stranger, in utter astonishment, looked at CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 8i the husband and then at the wife, at a loss how- to reconcile the incongruity. "Aladam," said he, "did I understand you to call that man your dear?" "Ves, sir," she replied. "Well, I'll be d — d if he don't look to be more like a bear." Foster liad a son George, quite black, w ho was married to a white girl by Esquire Guest. The S(|uire at first declined to perform the ceremony, but, after consulting- an attorney in Canton, de- cifled to comply with the request of the couple, much against his ideas of propriety. Miscege- nation is not confined to the southern states. Of the early settlers not already named may be mentioned Michael Worley, Jacob Mil- ler, John Ixichards. Daniel Beachtel, Joseph Kell, Jacdb bdora. Michael Apley, John Games, Cornelius Ucnline. John Brothers, Hartley Williams. b>hn Xcw house. John Berheimer, Martiri McKinney. Jacc^b Bowman, Daniel Pryan, John Stanetz, the Howenstines, Paint- ers, Princes, Keysers and Hemmingers. Isaac Skelton w-as well known. He gave considera- ble attention to the cultivation of small fruit, particularly peaches, and delighted to talk about fine horses, especially the Arabian stock. Residents of the township enjo3'ed a fair measure of health, and were ne\er scourged with a malignant epidemic. When the)- needed a jihysician they sent to Canton or Sandyville. Jn such cases as usualh' bring joy to the house- hold Mrs. Henry Becher and Mrs. Philip Fet- ters rendered all necessary assistance. An in- teresting surgical operation occurred in the fam- ily of Da\-id E\ans, which at the time created considerable talk in the neighborhood and is worth repeating. His .son, a lad about four- teen years of age, accidently lodged a peach stone in his throat. Every effort by the family to dislodge it proved abortive. Alarmed at the danger likely to result, Mr. Evans called in Dr. Simmons, of Canton, who happened at the time to be in a neighboi-ing house \isiting a patient. The ddctor. after trying different ex- pedients, with no success, concluded to post- pone ftirther effort until next morning; iiiean- while he would return home and consult the books on the subject. He was back early next morning and reported to the family, as the re- sult of his researches, that the stone rnust be brought out and must not go down. Having decided to w-ork to this end, he went to Lupher's ])lacksmith shop close by and had a pair of pinchers made. With this rough instrument he made repeated eti'orts to grasp the stone, but w hen he thought he had it and made traction, the instrument would slip off and hurt the boy, who began to complain bitterly. The doctor finally gave it up and expressed the opinion that the stone would only be rem(i\-ed by cutting from the outside. This alternative alarmed the famil\- and they concluded to send for Dr. Bon- field, wdio was their regular family physician. To this Dr. .Simmons agreed and a messenger was immediately dispatched for Dr. Bonfield. Meanw-bile Dr. Simmons left to ^'isit another [jatient in the neighborhood, expecting to be back in a few hours. Before he returned Dr. P.onfield arrived, and at a glance, taking in the situation, asked for an umbrella, cut out a piece of whalebone, greased it with melted tal- low, and in less time than it takes to write this paragraph, ))ushed the peach stone dow-n the boy's throat, to the great relief of the boy and the delight of the bystanders. Dr. Simmons returned soon afterward and on learning the facts was chagrined and mortified at liis want of success. The first settled physician in the township W'-as Dr. D. L. Gans, who purchased the farm formerly owned by John Russell, near Sparta. He came out 18.47. Jesse Hines, who came to the cnuntx' in 1823, moved into Pike in 1827, In that day it w-as the universal custom to furnish whisky to bands who worked in the har\-est field or helped at a raising. To attempt either witiiMul this adjunct was considered impracticajjle. Fre- riuenth- hands indulged in such an excess that 82 OLD LANDMARKS they were unfit for work. At the last harvest Mr. Hines furnished Hquor (1830) he had nine men in the field, and they drank nine quart bot- tles of whisky by ten A. M., and were then so drunk that the}- -were unable tO/Continue work. This so disgusted Hines that he determined to have his harvest cut in the future without the help of whiskey. The neighbors doubted his ability to secure the necessary help without this inducement. Temperance, as understood at the present day, was not then known. The whisky bottle was in every household. It was kept in all the stores, and supplied to customers free of charge, as an incentive to purchase. Not im frequently it was handed around among the friends on a funeral occasion. Mr. Hines was a man of settled con\dctions, and when his mind was made up was not easily moved. He de- termined liis next harvest should be cut with- out the help of whisky. When the time came he succeeded, after considerable effort, in en- gaging sexeral hands, under promise to furnish them a drink, but it should not be intoxicating. His "succedaneum" was what is known as metheglin. a mixture of molasses, vinegar and water. Several of the hands indulged to such an excess in this drink that it gave them the diarrhoea, and they became so weak that they were compelled to lay oft'. Mr. Hines suc- ceeded that year in getting off his crop without whisky and never afterward would he permit its use as a beverage on his place. To him is iustly due the credit of being the first practical temperance man in Stark county. Pike township is sometimes called the "Switzerland" of Stark, from a fancied resem- blance in miniature to that rough and moun- tainous country. Persons who reside in the more level portions of the country wonder, as they climb the steep hills and descend into the low valleys, whatever possessed the early set- tlers to select such land when there was so much that was level to be had at go\'ernment prices. And what is stranger still, that the present inhabitants continue to slave their horses and themselves, ploughing up and down and around the hills, among stumps and stones, when the rich prairies of the great West offer ^uch inducements; but " There is a destiny that shapes our ends, Rough hew them as we may, " and that is the reason why Hannah continues to smoke and is content to trudge in the foot- steps of her mother and grandmother. But there is a mountain of wealth underneath those hills notwithstanding the rugged appearance of the surface, good crops are raised and the soil yields excellent pasturage for sheep. TUSCARAWAS TOWNSHIP. By Lew Slusser. The time of the government survey, place and terms of entry, of the land west of the Tuscarawas ri\er is given in my history of Lawrence township. In the treaty of Fort Mc- intosh (1785) the Indians ceeded to our government their claim to the land east of the Cuyahoga and Tuscarawas. Their title to the lands west of those rivers was not extinguished until 1805, at the treaty of Fort Industry. The fee in the ground co\ered by the channel of those rivers is yet in the Indians, a fact not gen- erally known. In the history of Tuscarawas township, by R. H. Folger, Esq., as published in the .'\men- can, the following statement appears : "The first permanent settlement in the township, tlien known as part of the 'New Purchase' was made' bv two brothers. John and Robert Warden." The vear the Warden brothers settled in the "New Purchase" is not given, but in a histori- cal article written by Mr. Folger and published in the American in March, 1870, he says : "In the spring of 1807, the Wardens crossed tlie Tuscarawas ri\er and finding a good spring of" CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 83 water at a place now known as the 'Section,' tliev halted and commenced prospecting." Tak- ing- the two articles in connection, the reader \\ould be led to infer that the Wardens came to Tuscarawas township in 1807, and were the first to make a permanent settlement. Though it may Ije a matter of little importance who was the first actual settler of Tuscarawas township, yet as our people are becoming interested in pioneer matters, it is well to have actual facts, so far as they are obtainable. In the spring of 1808, soon after the land office was opened in Canton for the sale of land west of, the Tuscarawas river. Philip Slusser, then running a saw and grist-mill on the east branch of the Nimishillen, where he had been living over two years, entered three quarter sec- tions in what is now Tuscarawas township, — the east half of section 14 and the southwest quarter of section 21. In the fall of the same year Peter Slusser, a son to Philip, who had married the year before, assisted by his brother Philip and his brother-in-law, Henry Augus- tine, built a cabin on the lower quarter of sec- tion fourteen. This was the first building in the township and believed to be the first one on the west side of the river within the limits of the county. The next spring (1809) he moved out \vith his family, cleared about three acres and planted it in corn which yielded well. The next two cabins were erected by Andrew Au- gustine and David- Gafif. In the spring of 1809 the following persons settled in the neighborhood and made improve- ments : Robert and John AVarden. Charles and Daniel Hoy, Isaac Poe, Peter Johnson, William Henry. John Mason and Edward Otis. In 1810 came David Bowersmith, Isaac Charlton, Robert Rarr, Lewis Rogers, Frederick Oberlin, Stephen and Thomas Eldredge, William Byal, John Noel. Seth Hunt and the Tottens. Most of these came from Pennsylvania, the balance from the New England states. In this year, on the 5th day of March, by order of the county commissioners, all that por- tion of Stark county lying west of the Tuscara- was river was organized into a separate town- ship, and named "Tuskarawas." It will be ob- served that the orthography of the township and the river from which it takes its name have since that day been changed in accordance with a modern rule in grammar. For many years after its organization the name was frequently written and called Tuscaraway. Among the settlers about Canton the term "over the river" was applied to it, but emigrants from a distance usually designated it as "the new purchase." Tuscarawas was the first township organ- ized west of the river and its original boundaries included in part or in whole, Jackson, Lawrence, Perry, Bethlehem, Sugar Creek and Franklin, now in Summit county. On the formation of these several townships portions of its munici- pal limits were set off, until reduced to its pres- ent limits, which was in 1816. Previous to its organization the northern part of the town- ship was a part of Plain ; the southern belonged to Canton. The first election was held on the first Mon- day in April, 1810, at the house of William Henry, which was located near the river a short distance above the stone bridge. The result of the election was as follows : Justices of the peace, William Henry and Daniel Hoy; trustees, Stephen Harris, Daniel Hoy and Peter Slusser ; overseers of the poor and supervisors, Henry Clapper and Thomas Chapman ; fence viewers, Adam Lower and William Crites; house ap- praiser, Andrew Augustine; treasurer, William Henry ; constable, Stephen Harris ; clerk, Peter Johnson. William Raynolds, then county clerk, administered the oath of office to the township clerk, and by him it was administered to the other officers. The place of election was removed the next year to the house of Daniel Hoy on section t6. It will be observed that the duties of several offices were performed by one person, the cause of which was not so much 04 OLD LANDMARKS the scarcity of material as the unwilHngness of many to serve for the inadequate compensation for services rendered. In the "Book of Orders" in the Clerk's Record for 1812, I found one in favor of William Henry for eighteen and three- fourths cents, "for paper by him found and for his services as treasurer of said township." The first white child born (May, i8iy) in the township was Samuel Slusser. The secontl was Amanda Henry, afterwards the wife of C. B. Cummins, and it is worthy of note that the first county election held in the township was going on simultaneously with her l)irth in the same house. Grandmother Stoner, who re- sided upon the opposite side of the r'wtr. was the accoutheur of the neighborhood, and it is interesting to hear our pioneer settlers discant upon the difiticulties of obtaining help upon those interesting occasions. The first death west <>f the river, within the limits of the county was that of John Ritter, who became sick while moving out in the spring of 181 1. As there were no house accommoda- tiiins, he lay in his wagon and there died. He was buried on his place, now Perry township. The first death within the present limits of the township was a daughter of Joseph Poysor, in the sinnmer of 181 1. She was buried in the wt the sum >uniling conn- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 89 try. A rude dam of brush, stoue and logs was built across the stream, and a small race con- ducted the water to a great wheel Ijy which the machinery was operated. The mill was supplied with two sets of buhrs, for the grinding of wheat and corn, and the flour and meal, though of a course quality, was highly prized by the patrons. His enterprise was started about 1820 and a few j-ears later a mill for the manufact- ure of lumber was built on the same dam by the same party. Sawing at that time was gen- erally on the shares, the proprietor of the mill taking half of the lumber as compensation for his labor. Both of these mills were well pat- ronized, and for nineteen years furnished the lumber and breadstutT for a large section of country in Washington and other townships. Mr. Marsh, with the assistance of his sons, op- erated them until his tragic death, after w-hich, bv reason of other mills being built in the \icinity, they gradually fell into disuse and were finally permitted to run down. The Hale brothers, of Steubenville. with the generous assistance of the citizens of Mt. Union, erected a mill at that latter place soon after it was laid out, but the enterprise came to an untimely end before being operated, the building burning to the ground immediately after completion. The proprietors at once pro- ceeded to erect another mill, wdiich was opera- ted under their direction a short time, and then sold to Solomon Teegardin, who did ciuite an extensive business until it met with the fate of its predecessor. Henry Schooley, in an early day. came to Salem and, with the encourage- ment and financial aid of the citizens of the town, built a flouring mill, the first in the township operated by steam pow- er. Two sets of stones were used at first, but the patronage grew so rap- idly that it was soon found nesessaiy to in- crease the graining capacity. Accordingly the old buhrs were removed and four sets of im- proved stones supiilied. A fine article of fli^ur was made and w'ith the new impro\-ements the proprietors began a combined custom and mer- chant work. Mr. Schooley disposed of the mill some years ago to a man by the name of Bard, by whom it was operated until it passed into other hands. The flouring mill at Strasburg was soon built soon after the railway station was located in the village, being a large frame structure, furnished with machinery for the manufacture of flour by the modern process. One of the early industries in Washington township, as well as in other parts of the coun- ty, was the distillery of ardent spirits, several parties having engaged in the business with more or less success. One of the first enter- prises of the kind in Washington was started by George Goodman, about two miles west of Mt. Union, his establishment consisting" of a single still, with a capacity of something like twenty gallons of whiskey per day. Another was built about fi\'e miles south of the above named village by .Michael Miller, who did a flourishing business for some years, making on an average of from thirty to thirty-five gal- lons per day, a goodly share of which found ready sale in the immediate neighborhood. Per- haps the largest and most successfully con- ducted distillery in the township was the one erected by Ezekiel Marsh, a few years after he came to the country, and at a time when w his- key was a itsual beverage and its manufacture considered legitimate and eminently respect- able. The building stood .by a spring near the proprietor's residence, and the daily output, amounting to about one barrel, was noted far and wide for its high grade of excellence. In order to insure good quality of spirits, it is said that he frequently redistilled it. thus adding greatly to its purity, strength and high repute. The business of manufacturing whiskey by the above and other parties continued unabated for a number of years, as everybody in the early day used the article and no assemblage or fes- ti\'e occasion was complete without a generous 90 OLD LANDMARKS supply of the ardent. It was considered a sure remedy for every ill to which poor humanity was subject, all the physicians prescribed it. and even ministers of the gospel were not ad- verse to sharpening their wits by an occasional draught from the cup, which never failed to arouse their eloquence or to give a keener edge to the formidable weapons with which they were wont to smite his Satanic majesty, "hip and thigli." Tn due time, however, the de- moralizing inHuences of the drink habit began to dawn upon the minds of the more morally and religiously inclined among the people, and to create a public sentiment against it to the end that at least some of its baleful effects might be checked, temperance societies were organ- ized in various parts of the country as early perhaps as 1838 or 1840. These were the out- growth of a great temperance movement inau- gurated in some of the eastern states late in the 'twenties and which continued to spread until it reached Ohio. The societies in Washington township took form under the leadership of El- lis N. Johnson, a gifted speaker, who traversed the different settlements, addressing the people wherever he could obtain a hearing, his labors being very effective in inducing hundreds to sign the pledge of total abstinence and lead so- ber, industrious li\-es. One of the strongest of these organizations was established at Mt. Un- ion, where the majority of the populace became members, and so great was its influence that a number of parties engaged in the manufacture and sale of intoxicants abandoned the l)usiness, destroyed the distillations and their stock of liquors and became ardent and enthusiastic advocates of temperance. Mr. Johnson contin-i ued the good work for several years, and through his earnest and eloquent appeals an effective check was put to the habit, the bene- ficial influence of his work continuing for a long time afterwards. Without following the historj' of the mo\ ement an}- further, suffice it to state, that from that time to the present the citizens of Washington township have been noted as much for sobriety as for iiuelligence, industry and thrift, a healthy temperance senti- ment prevailing, which causes the drink habit to be looked upon with disfavor and frowned down by all decent and law-abiding people. Mt. Union, which lies partly in Washington township and partly in Lexington, dates its his- tory from August, 1833, when it was laid out on land belonging to Richard Fawcett, John Hare, E. N. Johnson and Job Johnson, each man owning ten of the forty lots of which the original plat consisted. The part of the town in Washington is located on sections i and 2 anrl the lots across the line lie in sections 35 and 36, Lexington township. The farm resi- dence of Job Johnson was the only building on the present site of the town when the survey was made. Shortly after the platting of the vil- lage Mr. Johnson erected several other dwell- ings, which were offered for sale and in due time found purchasers. He also opened a store and tavern, both of which appear to have been well patronized, and with the advent of me- chanics, such as blacksmiths, carpenters, shoe- makers and various other kinds of artisans, in- dustries sprang up and the town started upon an era of prosperit}- that augured well for its future. As the greater part of the town lies within the adjoining jurisdiction of Lexing- ton, the reader is respectfully referred to the sketch of the latter township for a more de- tailed account of its history and subsequent history and subsequent growth. Freeburg, lying in the south central part of the township on section 28, was surveyed in February, 1842, for Isidon Carrillon, proprie- tor, and as originally platted consisted of thir- ty-eight lots, which that gentleman immediately offered for sale. Owing to other and more important towns in the vicinity, the growth of Strasburg has been slow, nexertheless there have been a number of stores at different times, also shops of \-arious k-inds and while still a CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 91 mere hamlet, it served as a local trading point of no little importance. Strasburg, in the northeastern part of the township, is situated in the midst of a fine agri- cultural district and furnishes a good trading point for a considerable area of territory. Its history proper dates from 1842, in August of \vhich year Gregory Gross and Jacob Stradier, owners of the land on which the town stands, l)rocured the services of a surveyor and had a plat of thirty lots laid out, the site occupying a part of the south half of section 8, t()\vnship 18. These lots were at once put upon the mar- ket, but the sales were slow and considerable time elapsed before the town .gave much prom- ise of substantial growth. Stores were opened from time to time, some successful, some other- wise, and, in common with most country vil- lages, it soon numbered about the usual com- plement of mechanics, with a temporary class whose means of support were not visible. In the language of another writer, "The proprie- tors saw other \illages around them repeat the multiplication table, but they with all their strivings could never reach the addition. They became familiar with the results of subtraction, much to the division of their interests. The village is subject to fluctuations in population and prosperity. It has largely lost all probabili- ty of fame and renown, though its ambition is mountainous and measureless. It received its greatest impetus when the railroad station was located there, at which time improvements ad- vanced rapidly." Since the advent of the road the town has sustained its prestige as a local trading point, in addition to which considerable grain and live stock are shipped every year. Its present business, though limited, is by no means insignificant, and the probabilities are that Strasburg will always remain a place of no little importance to the people of the surround- ing country. The first schools in Washington township were taught in the cabins of the settlers, and supported by private subscriptions. Several terms were taught prior to the year 1820, but unfortunately the names of the early peda- gogues ha^e long been forgotten, as no official records of the schools were kept and but little attention paid to educational matters. It is re- liably stated that one of the first men to open his house for school purposes was Mr. Marsh and that the teacher was a young man from the east, who boarded among his pupils and took as remuneration for his services whatever the patrons saw fit to give. He is said to have been well educated, superior as an instructor to the majority of the early pedagogues, and that he was induced to remain and teach several terms. Other schools were taught in abandoned cabins throughout the township, and later buildings were erected especially for educational pur- poses, all of them log and but scantily fur- nished. One of the first of these backwoods colleges, perhaps the first in the township, was erected at Mt. L'nion as early as 1825. This was Cjuite an improvement on former buildings, as it was a place of religious wor- ship and public meetings as well as for a school house, and was built out of hewn logs. One of the first teachers in this building was Job Johnson, after whom came a number of others, the majority selected with reference to their physical ability to wield the birch, rather tlian by reason of their intelligence. Sev- eral good buildings were erected prior to 1830, but it was not until about the year 1842 that the township was divided into districts and the schools somewhat systematized. At first these districts were quite large, but as population in- creased they were subdivided to suit the con- veniences of the people and each provided with a good building. At this time none of the old structures are standing, having long since been replaced by buildings of modern design in which good schools are maiiU;iined several months of the year, teachers being chosen not only with reference to scholarship, but pro- 92 OLD LANDMARKS fessional training as well. It is not too much to claim for the educational system of Wash- ington township a high standard of excellence, as her schools compare favorably with the best in the county, all of them being well patronized, and the people point to them with pride, as one of their most valued and cherished posses- sions. The Fairmount Children's Home, designed for the care and education of orphan children in the district, composed of Stark and Colum- biana counties, is located in the western part of \\'ashington township, four miles south of Alli- ance and about one mile west of the Colum- biana county line. The farm, which includes an area of one hundred and fifty-four acres, is favorably located, and the object of the in- stitution is to furnish a home and training for indigent children of the two counties, under the age of sixteen, until suitable homes can be pro- vided for them or until they became capable of providing for themselves. The institution was organized under a law authorizing counties to establish children's homes, having been backed bv leading citizens of Stark and Columbiana counties, with a view of securing fa\-orable action by the respective commissioners' courts. It was originally intended to include the coun- ties of Stark, Columbiana. Mahoning and Por- tage, but the latter two subsequently withdrew, leaving the district with its present boundaries. The movement was inaugurated in 1874, but it was not until the following year that it took definite shape, the commissioners of the coun- ties of Columbiana and Stark signing. May 5, 1875, the deed for the land, which was pur- chased for the sum of thirteen thousand, seven hundred and seventy dollars. Plans and spec- ifications for the buildin were prepared by H. N. Myers, an architect of Cleveland, which be- ing adopted, the contract for erecting the same was awarded Parkinson & Morrison, of New Lisbon, the total cost of the building and fur- nishing amounting to about sixt}'-fi\'e thousand dollars. The real estate, which represents a value of over fifteen thousand dol- lars, brings the total cost of the institution somewhat in excess of eighty thousand dollars, certainly no small sum for the two counties to devote to charitable purposes in this particular direction. The home consists of a main build- ing, several cottages, farm house, !)ake house, large boiler house, and good barn, wagon house and slaughter house, and the necessary outbuildings, all of which are kept in good re- pair and excellent sanitary condition. The main building is one hundred and eighteen feet long, eighty feet in the widest part and three stories high, exclusive of basement. The first floor is used for offices, reception rooms, store rooms, pantries, dining rooms and parlor. The school rooms, all large, commodious and well lighted, are on the second floor; also the superintend- ent's office, the third fioor containing several good sized rooms, in addition to two large tanks for soft and hard water. In the rear of the main liuilding are two cottages, each thirty- two bv thirty-nine feet in area, the first floor in each containing a nursery and sitting-room for the children, a bed room for the nurse and cottage matron, also a wash and Ijath room. On the second floor of each cottage are two dormitories and wardrobes, the cottages be- ing connected by a covered passage to the main building. The farm house consists of a large sitting room, dormitory, bed rooms for the children from four to six years old. The home was completed in 1876. and dedicated with ap- propriate ceremonies. Dr. J- P- Buck being elected to take charge of the institution. It was opened October 31 of the above year, with sixteen children from the Stark County Infirmary and before the end of the first year this number increased to one hundred and eighty-six, about equally divided between the two counties. From the opening to the pres- ent time hundreds of orphans have found a pleasant home within the hospitable walls of the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 93 institution, and, untler the direction of compe- tent teachers, received an intellectual and moral training equal to that imparted by the best schools of the land, also instruction in the more practical attairs of life, preparing them for the duties of manhood and wojiianhood. Fairmount Home is largely self sustaining", the farm being- well cultivated and yielding abundant crops, boys doing the greater part cif the labor. The older boys work half the day and attend school the other half, those from six to ten attending regularly during the school hours without va- cation. A fine Suntlay school is maintained, which all old enough are required to attend, and on Sunday ministers of different denominations favor the home with sermons, addresses and religious instruction. As already indicated, practical education is one of the main features of the institution, the boys being taught farm- ing and various mechanical pursuits, and the girls trained in all the duties of housekeeping, also in the art of needle W'ork, plain and fancy, they, like the boys, working .half of the day and attending school the c>ther half. The older girls also assist in the kitchen, laundry and din- ing rooms, where under competent direction they become in due time efficient in all lines of household duty. Careful attention is paid to the bodily condition of tlie inmates, to the end that when old enough to leave the home they may go forth into the world symmetrically de- \'eloped men and women, mentally, morally and physically qualified for life's duties. In concluding the article from which the fore- going facts are compiled, ]Mr. Hopely says: "Fairmount is emphatically a home for those Vv-ho otiierwise would be homeless, and it is a wise economy for the citizens of Stark and Columbiana counties to take these poor, friend- less children and provide them good home training so that at majority they will be able to take care of themsehes, rather than have them homeless and hardened criminals or con- firmerl paupers. The institution is doing a work the \'alue ot which cannot now be esti- mated, but must be acknowledged in time to come. Were it not for the fostering care of the home the majority of its inmates would be sur- rounded l)v baleful influences and grow up in ignorance." Public worship was introduced into Wash- ington township contemporaneous with its ear- liest settlement, the majorit}' of the pioneers having been a moral and religious class of ]5eople. Ministers of the Baptist church vis- ited the sparse settlements as early as 1817, and preached f r> im house to liouse, also in groves, and were instrumental in winning many souls to the higher life. Itinerant Methodist preach- ers also appeared in an early day, and with the accustomed energy and zeal displayed by rep- resentati\es of that denomination everywhere gathered the people into congregations, organ- ized classes ami did a most effective work in moulding the religious sentiment of the differ- ent communities. The Friends were not far be- hind in introducing the tenets of their faith. se\-eral Quaker preachers having settled in the tovvnship prior to 1820, while others visited the country from time to time and conducted iniblic worsh.ip in the homes of the brethren. One of the first churches in the township was organized by the Baptists at Mt. Union, and fur some years the old log house near the grave- yard was utilized as a place of worship. Later the society erecteel a brick building, one of the first edifices of the kind in the to\\nship, com- pleting and opening it for public worship about the year 1830. .\ small frame building erected by the Methodists stood just across the line in Lexington township, the lot upon which it stood being doi\\oi'n Itimsoll ami iho locality ifom wIk-ik-i- ilio siuiiul caim\ Appioacluiis;' iioarcr. lu- lUiooti'tl from tlu" soiiiul of tlio ohopiiiii!^ that it was not iloiio li\ liiillans. l'"ml>oKloiu'il In tins ihscov I'l \ , ho advaiK'oil upon tlic company ami fonnd (hem to ho Iho l.atimois, James, riiomas aitd Koheit, with two hiioil mot\. who weiv cloarini; section I ^, V ',uil>in low nship. ,i1huiI a iiiilo ilisiaiii 1 1 oni Mf. Kitt's opemn,!;. As a matter ol tact Mr. ami Mrs, Kiicoil to loaru they had snch close neii;'hhors. In line lime Mrs, kill c\pccicil lo ho sick, ,iml w here to procure professional assistance lor th.it interest ini^' occasion was a sore tituihle to Mr, Kill, riieic w,is wo doctoi nearer ihan \c\\ l.ishon, a dislauce oi lhirl\ miles. To semi there was out of the i|nestion, *.'onsnltin},j his neiij'hiior Latimer on the suhject, he was re lie\ Oil oi .ill .iii\iet\ , w hen loM tli.ii ,\l i s, Slriw , his mother in l.iw and a inemher oi his f.miily , hail experience in that line and wonld clurrfnlly respond when her services wcic necvled. Sep- lemher _■". l8(V>. .\l.ir\ Km w.is horn, iho tirsi white child horn m Sl.irU connly. She after- ward hecame the wife oi losoph Poll, oi Osna- hnr.iih, t loorj^o I ,atiiner, son o\ Kohert, the first in. lie child, was horn soon after, lie died in \shl.iml connly, in the spriiij; of iS^^^. from in- jnrios nvoived in falling' fnim a load oi straw. ( If the pri\,itioiis oi John SInss we ha\e not heen ahlo to i,;,ithei amthini.; oi s|Hvi,il interest, lie was a tpiiel, nnohtrnsixe m.m. held in hi.^h esteem l\v the community, lie was early elected, justice of tl\e peace, which otVice he held iov many siiooessixe terms, w.is county commis- sioner several terms, and a candidate for tite lej^islatmo, I'oth he auil his wile attained a j>ood old .li^o .Mrs, .Slnss died (irst, .nul when Mr, Sluss orderinl the oolViu for her he re m.'irked to the undertaktM" that as he should need one soon for himself, he would order it at the same time, which he accordinjjly did. and paiil the price, six dollars, the cost at that da\ oi ilie host w.ilnni CvitVin m.ido. At the death ol ,Mrs, .Sluss, he made sale, disposevl K^i lit- propertv amonj,; his children, four d,iu^hter> and iwii sons ,11 id ,ua\o his f,irin io a son -in law . wiih whom ho made his home. 1 le died a feu years aiioi , In onnmor.iiini; the o.iiK settlors of iho I tow uship, oiilv those are inchulod wlioc.imehe lore the w.it ol iSi.'. ,\nioiij; ihein m.i\ ho mentioned James Keeper, \\ illiam X.iilor. John ."^tndehcclier, a l">nnl<:.\rd preacher, who came with all his worldly yiiods packed tipon ;i horse and Cow. lacoh rio\el, J.icoh liowors, I'eler Met. aho. 1 lenrv ,iiid .\d,iin .^linll, John and ( ioori^o .Mc'Miiorfer. n.miel llr,i\hill, llenr\ Kowm,!!!. lohii (.'riswoll, the Shearers, four hrothers, i,icoh, lohii, Adam .iml Henry, IXin- iel and John I icliienwalter, the Idoreys and the Tamivs. who had some re|nilation as lighters, iho Hans. S.ininol W hiio, c ',ispor (ioph.irl, saui lo h.ixe heen a 1 iessiau, and others w hose n,iino- have pas.sed from recollectivni. The town oi Osnahnr^h was laid oni l>\ lames Keeper, oi W ,ishimiton county, rcnnsvl- vauia. in tSoo, in anticipation of heinj,;- made lite cminty se.it y^i the new county, to he soon ori;aiii/ed, 1 lo hnih a one story lot;' c.ihin, and called it a tavern. Keeper w.is a ilnont t.ilker. and as his lunise was a stt^ppiny place iov e\er\ one who came out west in search of land, he iu- lUteuced many to select homes in the ueiijhhor hood, lie also induced nnYhanies to settle in Osn.ihur,i.di, I'eim; of a .social disposition, he contractetl the hahit of driukinj^'. which event- ually weakened his intluence. It has often heen remarked th.u hut for Joseph Keeper's habits, which impressed strauji^ers unfavorably, ("^s- u;ibur_i;h would have acqnirevl such a start over lanliMi as to h.ivo nndonhu^llv in.ulo it the county seat, (."anion was laivl out the next year, ami as l^a.'aKxM Wells, the proprietor. w,is ,i m.m of char.icter. the inlhience ho oxonod in heh.ilf oi lauton more than connteih.dancod the s»\p|H>sed CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 97 •uhautag'e ul its ii\al town, l-ccpor's habits (>!' ilissiiKitiou so iiuTcased ui)oii him thai ho t'\oiUuall\' hail an attack oi deliriimi tremens, a disease more commonly known as '"snakes in the boots." While snAering- w ith an attack of tiiis kind, he escaped fi\>m his home in the nij^ht time, and was I'mnid next morning;- dead i\ing ill a imul |)U(lo.sserman for damages. 1 lockinsmith, of I'ike, was constable, and sub pa'iiaed three wiliu'sses. fhe parlies anil the w iluesses were present on the d;iy set for tri.al. When the ]);irties met, Rudy brought out a jug of whisky .iiid proposed a drink all around. At the close of this preliminary indulgence, he sug- gested that they settle the case without going to trial — th;it e.icli one make his statement, and he would gi\e judgment, 'fo this 'fhon-ias ob- jected, but after considerable talk and another horn, be agreed. ICacb told bis story, when the court, after due deliberation, di'cideil that lios- sermaii should pa\ fliomas three dollars and ilk- coust.iblc's fees, whereupon .all ih";iiik ;igaiu 98 OLD LANDMARKS and exi)rf.sse(l tliemsehes satisfied. The Squire was rejoiced at liis success in settling the case, as his docket, which he kept between tlie rafters of his cabin, had been carried away by the squirrels and he had nothing in which to make the entry. The first justice of the peace elected in the township was William Nailor, commis- sioned ]\Iay I-, 1809. The next was Jacob Ful- ton, whose commission dates a few days later. John Sluss and John Augustine were the next succeeding. Indians frequently made their appearance among the settlers, but never excited any dis- turbance or did any harm. They would often call for something to eat, especially if they were unsuccessful in their hunts, and never failed to carr}' off whatever of the food was left. Their camping grounds were west of the Tu.scarawas river. In the evening frolics that followed the corn huskings, tlax puUings and log rollings of that day, music on fiddle was furnished liy Henry Camp. Adam Bair. son of Stopel, had the reputa- tion of being the stoutest man in the township, though Jacob Shierly, a Dunkard, from Bed- ford county, Pennsylvania, was reputed a man of great muscular form. He was a large man and, as the story went, he was once beset by a crowd of seven men, was slapped on the cheek, when he turned the other and was struck again. This he said was according to scripture, and he would now defend himself. He turned upon the crowd and vanquished the se\en. jiiling them up on top of each other. The first marriage of which we have any account was mixed up with a bit of romance. There were Mr. and Mrs. Andrew living in Osnaburg, who had two children. Andrew was a drunken loafer and would do nothing for the support of his family, Airs. Andrew being com- pelled to work out. She was a good spinner, and went from house to house, taking her chil- dren with her. earning about a dollar a week, besides board for herself and children. A man by the name of Ihry, a German, proposed to marry her and was accepted, although she was not di\orced from Andrew. Mr. Kitt brought the couple to Canton, and they were married by Esquire Coulter. They lived together three years, when Ihry died, leaving his wife a com- fortable homestead. It was the custom after the close of the war of 1812, under a law of the state, to hold annual military training, or general muster, as it was called, for the purpose of drill and inspection. Those were in the days of the old flint-lock and the powder horn. The usual places for the troops to assemble were Canton, Kendall (now fourth ward of Missillon), Loutzenheiser's (now Louisville) and Osnaburgh. It was an occasion that drew together young and old, male and female, for many miles around. The scenes and incidents of the day, the parade, sham-battle, personal encounter, the evening "strauss." furnished subject matter for fireside talk long afterward. By common consent, sec- tional disputes were then revived. Each party had his friends or backers on hand and a fight was generally the result. Very often others be- came in\ol'ed, and more fights followed. It was on an occasion of this kind, at an "Osna- burgh muster," that the most noted hand-to- hand fight took place that ever occurred in the county. It was between Jacob Sherrick and Richard Elson. The particulars of the figlit are gathered from persons who were eye wit- nesses. There had been a little brush the win- ter previous between John Sherrick, brother of Jacob, and Elson, at a singing school, near the present site of Mapleton. It seemed to be un- derstood that the fight would be renewed and fought out at the next Osnaburgh muster. Both parties came prepared, but for some reason Ja- cob Sherrick. though younger than John, and not considered so stout, took the place of John in the fight. .'\t the close of the parade the par- ties came together, and the preliminaries were CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 99 soon settled. It was agreed that they go into an inclosed lot with their seconds only. Sher- rick was backed by John Beam, and Elson by John Creighton. Sherrick was about twenty- two years of age, five feet ten inches in height antl one hundred and sixty pounds in weight, muscles well developed, but without experience as a tighter. Elson was judged to be twenty- eight and taller than Sherrick, without cum- liroiis llesh ; he had been a raftsman on the Mis- sissippi, accustomed to Ixjuts, and rather liked it. Principals and seconds stripped themselves of all wearing apparel except their pants and shoes. Flson was the first to enter the lot, and as he did so mounted a stump, flapped his arms and gave a crow. Sherrick followed immediately after, approached the stump and held out his head as a challenge for Elson to strike. The latter stepped down from the stump, and for a few seconds the principals eyed each other, while the seconds of each stood a few- steps to the rear. While the crowd of spectators looked on in breathless sus- pense, they could not but admire the appearance and bearing of the men. Cautiously they ad- vanced toward each other, and when within striking distance the fight commenced. As the blows struck the sound could be distinctly heard l)y persons outside the crowd, who were unable to see the combatants. After repeated blows Sherrick closed in upon Elson and- threw him. When they fell the multitude could no longer be restrained, but sinudtaneously broke down the fence and crowded around the belligerents. The efforts of the seconds to beat them l)ack were futile. The fight continued on the ground, first one then the other seeming to have advan- tage, until lx)th were completely exhausted. They were finally separated by the friends, neither acknowledging himself defeated, the \ ictory being claimed by friends of both. There was considerable speculation for years after as to probability of there being another meeting between them to settle the championship, but i; was never brought aljout. This engagement is considered the most stubbornly contested fight that ever occurred in this count)-. I'here were volunteers and drafted men from the township in the war of 1812. The names of many have passed into oblivion. Of those still remembered were Peter McCone, Peter Moretz. Edward Strickland, Adam, Ja- cob and Joseph A.nderson. Joseph was killed at the battle of Tippecanoe. Jacob Kitt was drafted, but he hired Richard Byles as his sub- stitute. The history of Osnaburgh would be incom- plete without n-iention being made of Christian Kountz, the successful merchant, whose traits of character have left an impress that will not soon be erased. Though not a very early set- tler, yet his name is prominently identified with the town and township. Mr. Kountz was born in Saxony, where he had learned the trade of a lace weaver. He came to this country when a voung man, idid on landing in Xew York all the money he had was three kreutzer, about two cents in our money. He immediately sought work. Unable to procure employrnent at his trade, he engaged in labor — any thing that of- fered. Ha\'ing accumulated a few dollars, he was induced by a fellow- countryman to engage in peddling. With his limited means he com- menced with a small bundle of notions; then with a pack which he carried upon his back, and finally he made a raise to a horse and wagon. He ])rospered, and in the course of time was ad- vised bv a Pittsburgh merchant, with whom he dealt, to settle in some town and open a store. He located in Osnaburgh about the year 1825. He was a man of strict integrity, would never himself, nor permit any employee to, take ad- \antage of or deceive a customer. His word was as good as his bond. He reared his family to habits of industry and economy, accumulated a handsome fortune, and died in 1866, aged seventy. lOO OLD LANDMARKS LAWRENCE TOWNSHIP. By Lew Slussek. That portion of Stark county embraced in the present limits of Lawrence township was laid off by the commissioners of the county at their session in December, 1815. Prior to that time the territory west of Tuscarawas river was included in Tuscarawas township, and that ly- ing east of the river belonged to Jackson — for- inerly a part of C^anton township. The land east of the river was in market upon the estab- lishment of a land office in Steubenville in iSoi, but, for reasons which will be mentioned hereafter, it was not entered, or at least not set- tled, for some years after improvements were made upon the west side. The lands west of the river were surveyed in the spring of 1807 by John H. Larwell, and were in market upon the establishment of the land office in Canton in May, 1808. Before be- ing opened to public entry, they were offered for thirty days in quarter sections at auction. Only two quarter sections lying within the limits of Lawrence township, were purchased at the auc- tion sale. The terms of entry were two dollars per acre — one-fourth down and the balance in three alternate annual payments without inter- est. There was no tax upon the land until the fifth year, and if the whole purchase price of the land was not paid at the expiration of that time it was forfeited to the government, together with what had been paid upon it. At the time of the survey Indians were nu- merous along the waters of the Tuscarawas and Chippewa. They were of the Delaware and Chippewa tribes, and as it may be a matter of curiosity to know what has become of the abor- iginal owners of this region I will give an ex- tract from a document recei\-ed from the bureau of Indian affairs at Washington City, obtained through the kindness of our representative in congress, Hon. George Bliss. "The Chippewas are located upon the south shore of Lake Superior, though there are scat- tered remnants of the tribe in Wisconsin, Michi- gan and Minnesota. They are considerably advanced in civilization, their native talent com- paring favorably with other aboriginal tribes. Their natural disposition, like that of all the more intellectual tribes, is warlike and their su- perior courage renders them dangerous adver- saries. They are the proprietors ol a great por- tion of the northw estern copper reg'ion, and the government is now making preparations to treat with them for the acquisition of this valua- ble domain. "The Delawares are situated in the new ter- ritory of Kansas. They are an active, cun- ning tribe and by their energy and force of character, with the aid of a good deal of un- scrupulousness, maintain an ascendancy over the neighboring tribes. They are of a roving disposition, and, by reason of their familiarity with the vast regions between their domain and the Pacific ocean, are generally employed as guides by white men traveling in those regions." The numerical strength of the two tribes, while occupants of this region, I have no means of knowing. Their headquarters were near Jer- omeville, and their chief was a halfbreed. known among the whites by the name of Armstrong. He was kind and \vell disposed toward white settlers. Larwell's surveying corps frequently came in contact with small parties of the tribe. At one time a company of five or six met the surveying party, and in their colloquy gave evi- dence of anger and dissatisfaction at the en- croachments of the whites and at their driving oft' the game. One of their numljer, who could speak tolerable English, said : "You run here — • you run there — we cut your legs oft' — you run no more," at the same time gestulating vehem- ently, the more eft'ectually to enforce his ideas. This threat intimidated the party, and several of the corps refused to proceed. Larwell des- ])atched a messenger to their chief Armstrong, informing him of the circumstance and their CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. lOI fears. The chief returned assurance that they should not l)e molested, and as proof of good faith on !iis part sent as a spy one of his tribe, to watch the movements of the rest and give in- formation to the company upon the first indi- cation of threatened danger. The first improvement in the township was made upon Newman's creek (so named from Jacob Newman, chain carrier and axeman of the surveying corps) by Henry Clapper and Adam Lower. They were brothers-in-law and came in company from Beaver county, Pennsyl- vania, in September, 1808, with horses, farming utensils, and provisions sufficient to last five weeks. In that time they cleared, plowed and sowed three acres, two of which they put in wheat and one in rye. They had no shelter, otiier than that rudely constructed from brush. At night they slept upon the ground or in the wagon. At the completion of their labor they returned to Beaver covmty and in ]\Iarch fol- lowing Henry Clapper came out with his brother Daniel and raised a cabin, the first erected in the township. Their father, John Clapper, and Lower soon followed. Their spring crop consisted of nine acres of land in corn. John Clapper died a few years afterward, from injuries received by the falling of a tree. He is buried on the place, and is the first inter- ment of a white man in the township. The next opening was made in October of the same year by Stephen and John Harris, from Washing- ton county, Pennsylvania. Stephen purchased at the auction sale the quarter later owned by William Shaefer, for which he gave two dol- lars and forty-nine cents per acre. Mr. Harris, in common with many other early settlers, con- sidered the bottom lands the more valuable, hence the competition for their possession and the increased price per acre. The two brothers cleared (chopped and heaped) five acres in twenty days, during which time they lived in regular camp style, their board consisting of ash cake and wild meat, and their bed the soft- est mother eartli could furnish. Upon the com- pletion of their fall job they returned to Penn- sylvania, but came back in the spring following, continued the improvements during the sum- mer, and in September, 1809, Stephen brought his wife and three children. At this time the only road was the one leading from Canton to Wooster. From where it crossed the Tuscara- was river (then known as the ferry) emigrants for this neighborhood were compelled to cut their way through the woods, following in part an Indian trail that led through Newman's creek bottom. Mr. Harris drove his wagon, containing his family and furniture, to an un- cleared spot near the spring, where he designed building, and cut away the underbrush before he could turn his horses to feed. He arrived with his family on Tuesday, immediately com- menced getting out timber for a cabin, and on the Friday following it was sufficiently com- pleted for the family to occupy. Previous to this time his wife and children slept in the wagon. During the succeeding two years WilHam Critz, Jeremiah Atkinson, Mathew Metcalf (or Madcap, as he was called among the settlers), Richard Hardgrove, John Evans and Robert I.-ytle settled and made improvements in the same neighborhood. In the summer of 1809 William Critz built a hewed-log house, the first of the kind erected in the township. As a suffi- cient number of hands could not be procured at that day to raise a building, ropes and tackle were used. Michael Critz was the first male and Amanda Harris the first female born in the township. The settlers along Newman's creek were subjected to great annoyance from wild ani- mals. Bears and wolves were so numerous and destructive that it was impossible to keep hogs, and in some instances they attacked cattle. Ven- omous snakes oftentimes made themselves too familiar to be agreeable. During the summer months gnats and mosquitoes were so harassing I02 OLD LANDMARKS to the horses and cattle that it was necessary to keep lip a smoke in order to drive them off. The country at tliat day was luxuriant in the growth of what was called pea vine, of which stock of all kinds was extremely fond. A species of onion also grew in the bottoms, which cattle would sometimes eat, giving their breath and milk the characteristic odor of that esculent, to the no small annoyance of the housewife. Both these i)lants are now extinct. \\'\xh the Indians the settlers were quite fa- ni'liar. Many incidents are related and anec- dotes told growing out of their intercourse with them. A number could speak broken English. The names by which several were known are yet remembered, Captain Beverhat, Tom Jile- way and Long John being among the more no- torious. There was considerable traffic carried on between the settlers and the Indians. There was but little money afloat, and even that some- times would not buy what labor or some article of consumption would procure. The Indians had wild turkeys and venison hams for barter. \ turkey for a pumpkin and a ham for a bread- basket full of corn me^il was a customary ex- change. It is characteristic of the Indians to be a beggar and a glutton. They never suffer from want of asking and eat an incredible amount before being satisfied. They were ex- travagantly fond of sweet milk, and two would empty the contents of a gallon crock, with very little ceremony. While the men were roaming about, hunting, trapping or fishing, the squaws would dig ginseng and make baskets of ash wood. In 1811 Mathew Roland emigmted ivom Yellow creek, Jeft'erson county, and settled up- on the land later owned by John Kirk. From the ferry opposite Massillon he came with lii^ team up the bed of the river. The tracks of the wagon, in many places could be distinctly traced several years after. James Barber, from \"ir- ginia. settled the same year upon the quarter section later nwned b\- Richard Porter. Durinsj- the summer his son William died from inHam- mation of the brain, brotight on from exposure seining the river. Dr. Rappee, of Canton, was called to see him, but too late to be of service. He was buried in Canton. The war of 181 2 materially checked emigra- tion west of the river. JNIany who had previous- ly been out and made entries were deterred from bringing their families from apprehensions of trouble with the Indians. During the continuance of the war, many of the inhabitants were in constant dread of being nightly liesieged Ijy the savage foe. Rumors were rife of a large body of savages advanc- ing from the west, urged on by British emis- saries, who were hourly expected to be upon them. The intimidated saw the tomahawk and scalping knife ever before them. Many amus- ing incidents are told of the conduct of some "t the settlers, growing out of their fears of being attached. It is related of Jacob Peach tint during this excitement he made it an invariable rule not to open his cabin door until he had first reconnoitQred the environs through the port holes of his dwelling. He kept his wagon be- fore his door reiidy to leave with his family and goods upon the first intelligence of the ap- proach of the enemy. The settlers along New- man's creek agitated for some time the propriety of erecting a fort or blockhouse for common safety and defense. They had fixed upon an eminence on the land of Robert Lytle (later owned by George Mowrey ) as most suitable, but as the project did not receive the co-operation of some of the more influential in the neighbor- hood, it was finally abandoned. It was common custom, howe\er, for different neighbors to collect with their families at a designated house for mutual protection. During the ])rogress of the war, from 1812 to 1815, there settled west of the river Abram Stevens, John McCadden, Isaac Edgington, \\'illiam Whitecraft, John Morehead and Elijah l-lolierts. The last named was killed bv the fall- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. •oj ing of a tree, and l)iu"icrinton and Conday, Fulton ; and Richard Car- ter Clinton, now in Summit, formerly a part of Stark. .\n additional im])ediment to actual set- tlers securing- l.mfl east of the river was the want of a road leading into the neighborhood, while the state road, running from Canton to Woos- ter, opened in 1807, ran within a few miles of the settlement on Newman's creek. In i8t2 James F. Leonard settled upon the land later owned by Michael Sprankle. then in Canton township, now Jackson. He was a sur- veyor and land jobber and the first white set- tler in Stark county, ha\ing entered and settled upon a quarter section near Canton in ?^Iarch, 1805. After locating vqion Mud brook .Mr. Leonard marked out a road leading from Can- ton into his \icinity, and, as he was known as a pioneer and well acquainted with the whole cotuitry and made it a business to show lands, emigrants soon began to settle in, and in im- provements the east side of the river has since kept pace with the west. Before the organiza- tion of the township Mr. Leonard purchased aufl settled ujion the farm later owned by Levi Reinoehl. The first election for township officers wa> held on the first Monday in April, 18 16, at the house of Robert Lytle. Jacob Kirk, who had been elected justice of Jackson township the year previous (which then included Lawrence as far as the river) , administered the oath to the different officers elected. As it may be inter- esting to know who were the successful candi- dates of that day, I copy from the record : Justi- ces, Mathew Roland and John Morehead; clerk. James F. Leonard; trustees, William Alban, John Canibell and Jacob Kirk ; overseers of the poor, William Whitcraft and Joseph Hobson; fence viewers, Stephen Wilkin and Joseph Tritt; appraisers of property, Hugh S. Vene- man and Robert Lytle; supervisors, George Veneman, John Meese and George Wagoner; constables, Richard Hardgrove and Jacob Kleek ; treasurer, John Morehead ; lister of tax- ables, Richard Hardgrove. On the day of the first election it was ordered by the trustees thai the house of William Whitcraft, on section 16, be tlie ])lace of holding the elections of Law- rence township. At the sajne time James l'~. Leonard, George Veneman and John Mc- Caughey were appointed the first grand jurors, and John Morehead and Richard Hardgrove first petit jurors. In August of the same year a petition was presented at a meeting of the trustees, praying for a road from Kerstetter's mill to the county line, at or near where Abram Stevens subse- ([uently lived ijate residence of Richard- Po^r- tcrL Lewis Roger, William Elliott and Flenry I04 OLD LANDMARKS Clapper were appointed to view said road, Alexander Poiter, surveyor, and John Meese, supervisor. This was the first township road, a considerable portion of which has long since jjeen vacated. In i8t7 the place of election was at the honse of Henry ATiller; the following year it was moved to section i6, to the house of Elisha Pierce; the year following, to the house of John Meese, on the same section, and there it con- tinued to be held until 1831, when it was re- moved to Canal Fulton. W't believe that with but few exceptions, and those unintentional, we have given the names of all who were settlers in the township prior to its organization. This event following soon after the declaration of peace, and when molestation from the Indians was no longer ap- prehended, emigrants with their families began to flock in in great numbers. The early settlers who made a profession of religion were princi- pally of the Methodist or Presbyterian faith. They frequently held meetings in private houses ; in fact, the Methodists held their meet- ings ii private and school houses until the erec- tion of their church in Milan, in the summer of 1837. The first building for public worship was erected in 181 5 by the Presbyterians — a log superstructure, upon the ground now known as the Newman's Creek graveyard. Rev. James Adams, from Fayette county, Pennsylvania, who had settled near Dalton, Wayne county, was the first minister in charge. On the east side of the river the German Reformed and Lutheran persuasions were the most common. They had no church, but attended the minis- trations of Father Wier and Faust, at Mud Brook church, in Jackson township. I should have mentioned that the Catholic religion had some early adherents in the township. Servi- ces of the church were performed in private houses until a building for the purpose was erected upon the farm of Philip McCue in 1830. This continued to be the place of meeting until the completion of the church in Fulton. During the war there was a great scarcity of corn, occasioned in part by the shortness of the crops, but more particularly by the drain of the army, as they marched through the country. At that time it readily commanded from one dollar and twenty-five cents to one dollar and fifty cents per bushel. Considerable quantity was brought up the ri\er from Coshocton coun- ty, in what were called peroughs, a craft pro- pelled with poles and capable of carrying sev- eral hundred bushels. Milan was laid off in lots and offered at public auction in 1814. by Mathew Roland. The first building was erected by his son-in-law, John Sturgeon, and was long standing. The same year Mr. Roland erected a saw-mill upon the Tuscarawas, the first in the township, and about two years after, a grist-mill, likewise the first of the kind ; but as there was not suffi- cient power for both, the saw-mill was aban- doned, nor did the grist-mill ever amount to much. It changed hands several times, but was was always unprofitable, from want of suffi- cient power, and in a few years it was also abandoned, 'i'he building was afterward re- moved to Fulton, and converted into a ware- house. Nothing remains to mark the place of its existence save the remains of the old dam. Before the erection of the mill by Lewis Rogers on Newmans creek, Tuscarawas township, set- tlers went to the mills on the Nimi.shillen — Slus- ser's and Nicholas". Soon after the war Will- iam and Thomas Gouty built the mill later owned by Michael Sprankle. and Leonard Kerstetter the saw-mill. Fulton Avas laid out in the spring of 1826 by James W. Lathrop and William Christmas. Subsequently, by an act of the legislature, it and Milan were incorporated into one, retaining the name of the former. A postoffice was estab- lished there in 1828 and Amasiah Meese ap- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 105 pointed postmaster. Tlie ofike was discontin- ued about a year afterward, Ijut reestablished in 1830, and John Robinson appointed postmas- ter, at whicli period Canal was prefixed to dis- tinguisli it from an office of the same name in Hamilton county. In 1827 Henry Stidger, later of Carrollton, opened a store in Milan. This was the first establishment of the kind in the township, which con nov\' l^oast of the largest one in the county, doing more business in the purchase of pro- duce and sale of goods than any other two combined. Previous to the completion of the canal there was but little sickness and less call for medical aid. Herbs and roots, and in desper- ate cases an abracadabra, pronounced by some- one gifted in healing by the power of words, sufficed the demands of nature. The first ac- cotint we have of a physician in the neighbor- hood was a man claiming that profession by the name of Bigelow. His residence was some- where on the Reserve, and he came by appoint- ment, once a week, to Roland's. He had quite a run for a season — as many as forty or fifty horses could be counted hitched around his stand at one time, but like many of the same itinerant order at the present day, he eventually ran out. Dr. Watson, of Dalton, and the phy- sicians located in Massillon and Canton were usually called upon when medical aid was deemed necessary. Dr. William Myers was the first physician who located in the township. He came in 1832, but. his health soon beginning to fail, and attributing it to local causes, he did not remain over a year. S. Dolbear succeeded him. The first effort in the way of teaching the young idea was by George Wagoner, who opened a private school at his house in 181 7. The first school house Avas erected in 181 8, in what was then known as Alban's district. Stephen Cassel was the teacher. In eniunerating the important events that have occurred in the township I must not forget to mention that it could once boast of a bank, chartered by the legislature, under the name of "The Orphans' Institute" and empowered with all the privileges of institutions of that kind. It commenced operations in 1836, under rather favorable auspices, flourished for a few years and then collapsed, like most of the banks since its day. The village of Tawrence, located upon the Ohio & Pennsylvania Railroad, was laid off in 1852 by Arnold Lynch and Phillip McCue. It gave promise the first year of active growth, but the death of Mr. McCue, who was the oper- ating proprietor, and its too close proximity to other towns that have additional facilities for drawing trade, co-operated in retarding its progress. I might descant at length upon the hard- ships and privations of our early settlers, but space does not allow. It was hard work, hard fare and hard times. There was but little chance to make money, and their wants were regulated acocrdingly. They raised flax, out of which they made clothes, and many wore buckskin pants and moccasins. They bought their few necessaries in Kendall or Canton ; carried flour to Cleveland on pack-horse and brought back salt, at the rate of four dollars per bushel. Iron was twenty-five cents per pound, and everything else that was imported in pro- portion. At the opening of the Ohio canal (1829) a new era began, in the demand and price of produce. Instead of its being a drug, bartered with difficulty, and for store goods, it would command money and a remunerative price. The improvements of the age, with the con- sequent improved facilities of transportation, make a settlement in a new country at the pres- ent day but play, compared with what it was forty 3'^ears ago; yet, with all their privations io6 OLD LANDMARKS aiic! liardships, our pioneers were contented, in the enjoyment of domestic peace and fraternal lia])piness. SUGAR CREEK TOWNSHIP. Sugar Creek township derives its name from the stream which runs through and drains the greater portion of it. The townsliip was first organized in 1816, on March 4 of wliich year the following action was taken by the hoard of county commissioners : "Ordered, that that part of range 10 in Stark county which lies south of township 1 2 in said range, be and the same is hereby erected into separate township h\' the name of Sugar Creek.'' The first elec- tion for township officers was ordered to be held at the home of .Adam Grounds on the first Monday in April following the passage of the resolution. It is practically settled beyond dis- pute that the first permanent settler in the tow n- ship was Jacob Grounds, who arrived in the township in 1808. He took an active part in the subsecjuent affairs of the locality, for which he was well qualified, from the fact that he possessed a good education for those days and was a man of much native ability. He came to the township very soon after it was first sur- veyed and, selecting the tract of land which afterwards became known as the Truby farm, which was densely covered with a fine growth of maple trees, he cleared a spot and prepared logs for a dwelling, which he was enabled to raise, with the assistance of kind neighbors. Here the famil}' li\ewnship was sejiarated into a new township, .and in the latter jiart of the same year lost part of her territoVv by the formation of Lawrence town.ship. The first townshi]) officers were elected on the first Monday in April. 18 13. the election being held ;it the house of Jacob (.'lick. io8 OLD LANDMARKS but no record is extant showing who the suc- cessful candidates were. It is impossible to say definitely who the first settlers in the new- township were, one reason for which is the fact that many of the first settlers throughout this region in those days were simply "squatters," or roving hunters, who swept over the state in advance of the pioneer settlements. The fact seeins certain, however, that a few permanent settlers were in what is now Jackson township some years before the township was organized. ]\Iany of the newcomers were in sore straits when they arrived upon the scene of their future homes, possessing often nothing" but a few rude implements of lal;>or, liut with courageous hearts they set to work and before many years the township was dotted with cabins and small clearings. The west made gigantic strides in financial prosperity between 1815 and 1835, and this \\as precisely the condition of things in Jackson township. Improvements went on slowly at first, but finally the prosperity and consequent happiness of the settlers was as- sured, their rude wilderness homes being trans- formed into those of civilizing refinement. In the early days of this section of Ohio hundreds of deer could be seen in the forests at almost any hour, and wolves were also very numerous and troublesome, killing sheep, calves, swine, etc., without leave or license. Owing to these midnight marauders it was al- most impossible to keep sheep. Aside from the liability of being killed by animals, it was difficult to keep sheep, owing to the noxious and poison<:ius herbs growing in the woods, upon which the sheep fed. Sometimes half the flock were carried off in this manner. Swine ran wild in large numbers in the woods, feeding upon the mast which at all seasons of the year could be found in abundance. They were often killed by bears. The first saw-mill in the township was erect- ed by James F. Leonard in or about 181 5, being on Mill brook, in the southwestern part of the township. This mill was abandoned about 1S22, and at the same time another mill was built upon a small stream in the northern part of the township. In about 1820 Daniel Slanker erected a rude grist-mill on Mill brook, which, ) though the quality of flour produced was of a very coarse variety, proved a blessing to the | settlers in that section, who otherwise would have been compelled to go several miles for their flour and other mill products. Near this latter mill was a distillery owned by James Black, in which a fair quality of whiskey was manufactured at the rate of about a barrel a day. Several other industries were started along about the same time, and the settlers were .soon enjoying many of the conveniences and advantages enjoyed by the older settled com- munities. The town of McDonaldsville, which is lo- cated on sections 9 and 10. was laid out. platted and recorded in }ilarcli. 1829, the owners and proprietors lieing John Clapper and -\braham Routan. At the time there were three or four dwellii'.gs in the village, but others were soon erected, and soon the necessity of a store became evident. \\'iliiam McCormick was the first merchant in the village, having opened a store about the year 1830. A small building was erected and in one apartment a stock of goods was placed, while other portions of the building were fitted up in a suitable manner and were thrown open to public use as a ta\ern. This inn soon had a rival, however, as Michael Aley opened another caravansery on the Friday road, toward Canton, and this place soon became so l)opular, owing to the fact that it had a saloon attached, that McCormick was forced to sell out. The village has always had its full quota of enterprising merchants, and all seem to have (lone a fairly prosperous business. The first schoolhouse in the township was a rude, round-log afi'air and was situated at the geographical center of the township, it being erected as early as 181 6, through the instru- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 109 mentality of Mr. Slanker. An eccentric Yankee h\' the name of Upson was one of the first teachers in this building, and it is said that he usual!}' punished his scholars by treading on their toes, which correction generally produced the desired eiYect. However, he is credited with having been a gootl teacher and sowed some good seed in this section. The first church edifice in the township was erected in 1834 by the German Reformers and Lutherans, the structure being built of hewed logs, and was long known as Mud Brook church. Among the early members were the families of Slanker, Click, Braucher, Tresch, Humbert, Everhart and Heldenbrand. About 1834 the old building was replaced by a hand- some brick structure. This township has not as many churches as some other portions of the county, owing to the fact that many of its in- habitants belong to churches outside the town- ship. LAKE TOWNSHIP. Lake was one of the two townships which at one time constituted all the territory now comprised within the limits of Stark county, the dividing line between the two townships being the line now running between Plain and Canton townships. To what the township owes its name is a mystery ,> though several ex- planations ha\e been offered, the most probable of which is that the presence of Congress lake in the locality suggested the same. When Stark county was actually organized into a civic mu- nicipality the present Lake township was a part of Plain township, and so remained until April .8, 181 1, when the northwestern part of Plain township was organized as Green township, this at that time including the present Lake township. Tn June, 1816, the following pro- ceedings were had by the board of county com- missioners : ''Ordered, that the 12th township. in the 8th range, be and it is hereby erected into a separate township by the name of Lake. Or- dered also, that the qualified electors of said township meet at the house of Joseph Moore in said township on the 4th of June, 1816; for the election of township officers. Ordered also fur- ther that advertisements for said election in Lake township be put up at the house of Peter Dickerhoof in the town of Union, and at the house of Joseph Moore. (Signed) James Lati- mer, John Kryder and James Drennen, County Commissioners." The name of the earliest settler in this town- sliip is unknown, but the following were among those who first made settlement here : Joseph Moore, Henry Schwartz, the Markleys, Jacob Brown, a Mr. Camp, John Fryberger, George Machaner, John Morehart, Martin Bachtel, Peter Ream, Mr. Wise, Mr. Meyer, Mr. Ponti- us and others. The names of the officers first elected in the township are not known, as no record seems to have been kept of them. The settlement of the township progressed rapidl}', and in a few years after the first settlement it \vas impossible to secure government land. The land was of an unusually fine quality, attractive to even a casual observer, and though a small part of the township was swampy the land \\'as easily reclaimed by drainage within a few years without great cost. It was also soon discovered that the soil was underlain with a fine quality of limestone and also that coal could be obtained abundantly in the western part of the town- ship. Many hardships antl privations were under- gone by the first settlers in the new country, and some were compelled by force of circum- stances to relinquish their title to their half- improved farms and return to the eastern states. Farm taxes had to be paid in money, which was often obtained from the sale of furs, such as mink, beaver, otter and muskrat, and the skins of the bear, the wolf, the panther, the deer and various other animals. The pursuit of I lO OLD LANDMARKS these animals often led to many exciting ad- ventures, one ol" which is here reproduced, as follows: "George Nodle, one of the earliest settlers, owned two cows that were permitted to roam at will through the woods in search of food. On one occasion about sunset, the cows not having returned, Mr. Nodle started with his dog in search of them. He was an experienced and skillful hunter and, as usual, when leaving home, took his rifle with him, though he had but four and a half bullets left. Reaching one of the streams, wiiich had overflowed its banks, Mr. Nodle was unable to proceed any further, but sent his dog across to start the cows, should they pro\e to be on the opposite side. Away went the dog and was soon barking off in the woods, although after several minutes it did not appear with the cows. Mr. Nodle at last suc- ceeded in crossing the creek, and hurried for- ward to ascertain what the dog had encount- ered. It was now almost dark, but as the set- tler approached the spot where the dog stood at bay he knew- that something unusual was about to transpire. He cautiously peered through the twilight and saw with astonishment a mother bear with her three cubs. He instantly drew up and shot the large bear, and then, loading rap- idly, shot in turn each of the cubs. He now had but half a bullet remaining, and it became a question of doubtful propriety in his mind whether he had better await the return of the sire of the bear family, or leave the spot im- mediately. He finally adopted the latter course." Many circumstances similar to this occurred. Soon after tlie (jrganization of the township various industries, such as saw and grist-mills, began to spring into existence and did much to stimulate the settlement and growth of the com- munity. These mills were nearly always of a primitive style and rudely constructed, but in lieu of better ones they satisfied the patrons and did a good business. One of the first of these mills was that erected by George Creighbaum some time pricM" to 1830 on a branch of the Nimishillen. It was a saw-mill, and was kept bus}' supph'ing the settlers with lumber for the erection of their homes and barns. There are four \illages in Lake township — Cairo, Hart\ille. Greentown and Uniontown. The first named, while never very conspicuous in public notice, has always been a prosperous \illage, and is inhabited by a thriving and enter- prising class of people. Hartville was settled at a ver)- early date, and soon after 1830 the first store was opened diere by John Houghton. He was followed soon afterward by Joseph Brown and Peter Shellenljerger. The town made fair progress, as is evidenced by the fact that al)out the year 183S a tavern was opened by John Morehart. Ihe town of Union, which is composed of portions of the northeast and the nortliwest corners of section 7, township 12, range 8. was laid out in April, 1816, by Elias I'reniier .md Thomas Albert, the original own- ers and jiroprietors. W'ho first engaged in mercantile business here is a matter of some (|uestion. It is stated that at an early date George Guisweit had a small stock of goods fouis Clement, fifer, 21. Privates: Thomas ' Brand, 26; Georg^e M. Bollinger, 19; Charles : Bradley, 31; Charles H. Coombs, 22; Hiram Correll, 24; John Cotwinkle, 40; John Cox, 19; 1 Jeroboam Creighton, 21; John Dickas, 27; Harvey Davis, 30; Isaac Doxsey, 18; Jacob Ebersole, 22 ; James Elliott, 29 ; Ambrose Ess- ner, 24; Jacob Fentenheim, 20; Peter Finney, 27 ; Charles Floom, 23 ; Frederick Vogelgesang, 18; Andrew P. Gallagher, 19; John Ganett, 18; Theodore Gibbons, 20; Ferdinand W. Haack, 22; William \V. Hastings, 21; Isaiah Keltner, 18; Frederick Kissner, 36; George A. Klingle. 30; Christian Ledigh, 40; Jon Link. 22; Philip jMartin, 18: Findlay McGrew, 18; John C. Moloney, 2 1 ; John Mungrew, 30 ; Samuel F. Murrah, 23; Wesley Nugen, 21; Leander Preston, 19; Jacob W. Rex, 26; Ja- cob Sebold, 20 ; John Shannon, 20 ; Frederick Souter, 26; James R. Stall, 28; Samuel Stall, 22 ; John Stevens, 24 ; John Stone, 31 ; Thomas Thompson, 23 ; William C. Torrance, 21 ; John Ulam, 19; John W. Wagner, 23 ; John R. Wal- ter, 22; Alonzo M. Waters, 20; Dewitt C. ^Vhiting, 20, and William Yawkey, 37. Those who died in the company were Jacob Reed, who died at the age of twenty-two, in the hosjiital at Camargo, Mexico, April 8, 1847; Joseph Schlink, age thirty-six, in the hospital at Saltillo, Mexico, April 23, 1847; Robert M. Schilling, age eighteen, at Camargo, April I, 1847: .Vbraham Metz, age twenty, was discharged at Buena Vista, Mexico, on sur- geon's certificate of disability, by order of Gen- eral Woll. The company was enrolled at Massillon by Major-General Jar\is. May 30, 1846, and was mustered into service at Cincinnati, June 25, following, by Captain E. Shriver. Captain James Allen was an able and fomiidable news- paper writer and was a brother-in-law of Mrs. Julius Whiting. Sr.. who is still a resident of CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 119 Canton. Lieutenant Samuel Beatty Iiardly needs any introduction to the present gener- ation, having served in the late Civil war, starting out as colonel of the Nineteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry and returning a brigadier general. He died only a few years ago. Jacob G. Frick, the second lieutenant, was a relative of the late Samuel Gotshall and during the time the latter conducted the Stark County Democrat we learn that Mr. Frick was em- ployed in the office of the paper. He is a cousin of Henry C. Frick, the well-known steel manufacturer of Pennsylvania, and still lives in Pottstown, that state. Among the other members of the company who are well known to old Cantonians may be mentioned the fol- lowing : Sergeant William J. Hartman, who was a son of Joseph Hartman, who was en- gaged in the tailoring business in Canton many years ago. Corporal William McCurdy was a son of the late John McCurdy and a brother of the late Martha McGregor. After the close of the Mexican war, in company with a num- ber of others from this section, he went to California, at the time of the gold excitement, and was assaulted and killed by the Indians on Pit river, that state, in 1850. Isaac Doxey was an old resident of Massillon and died not many years ago. Jacob Ebersole was another of the Canton contingent, and he passed away within the last decade. Ambrose Essner was a Ger- man, and was a resident of Canton before and after the war, dying here a few years ago. Frederick Vogelsang is still a resident of Can- ton. Ferdinand Haack will be well remember^ by most of the present-day citizens. He was the old-time bailiff of the court house — a position that seems to have been pre-empted by him away back in the 'fifties. John C. Moloney was well and favorably known to our old resi- dents, having been prominent in the painting trade in Canton. His two sons live in Chi- cago, and his daughter, Mrs. Judge Mong, still resides in Canton. Jacob \\'. Rex was a son of old Jacob Rex, a pioneer tailor of Canton, and for many years station master at the Fort Wayne depot when it was located on South Market street. John R. Walter is still living and resides in Tuscarawas township, where he has held the office of justice of the peace for a num- ber of years. John Fitzsimmons was still liv- ing at last accounts, being numbered among the pioneer citizens of Lafayette, Indiana. There are many other familiar names on the muster roll, but it has been impossible to discover suf- ficient data concerning them to offer any record of accurate importance. INDIANS IN STARK COUNTY. By Lew Slusser. The gTjvernment sin^A^ey of the lands of Stark county, east of the Tuscarawas river, was made in 1799. The landi office for the district was established in Steubaiville in 1801. Tlie first entiy oif land was: made in 1804. Em- igrants began toi settle in 1805, the first in the townships of Canton, Osnaburg and Sandy. Previously, in all legal transactions, it was considered a part of Columbiana county. It originally contained twenty-two townships, five since taken off, viz : Green and Franklin, now in Summit ; and Rose, Brown and Harrison, nO'W a part of Carroll. Although the Indiians had relinquished all claim to the territory, and removed their per- sonal effects west of the Tuscarawas river, making their headquarters in the neighborhood of the present site of Jeromeville, Ashland county, they were still in the habit O'f tramping over many portions of Stark, ostensibly for the purpose of fishing and hunting. Congress lake was a great place of resort for fishing and Meyer's lake a loafing place. The woods abounded in game, and fromi white settlers they could beg or barter for a change of diet. I20 OLD LANDMARKS Their chief, a lialf breed, went by the name of Armstrong. He was regarded with favor, having on several occasions befriended the whites. There were several prominent in the tribe who were looked upon with suspicion, for having been guilty of acts of hostility in former years. They were known as Captain Beaver- hat, Tom Jileway and Long John. Beaverhat was jealous of his wife, and when drunk would cut the soles of her feet to prevent her from run- ning about. He had a sort of necklace, upon which were strung a lot of human tnnoues. This, when under the influence of liquor, he would sometinaes display, at the same time in- dulging in threats against the whites. The story has been bandied down, that at a gather- ing at Slusser's mill on the Nimishillen, Beaver- hat was present and made rather an offensive exhibition of his necklace. David Bachtel was also present, with his trusty rifle and belt knife, without which he was never seen away from home. He was not a friend of the red man, and on this occasion the conduct of Beav- erhat excited his resentment. Beaverhat, ob- serving that he had gone too far, took himself away. He had not been gone long before Bachtel likewise disappeared. Beaverhat was never afterwards seen, and Bachtel was sus- pected of hastening his departure to the happ\- hunting ground. The Indians had wild tur- keys and venison hams for barter. A turkey for a pumpkin, and a ham for a bread Ijasket full of corn meal, was a customary exchange. It is characteristic of the Indian to be a beggar and a glutton. They never suffer from dif- fidence about asking, and will eat an incredi- ble amount before being satisfied. Thev were extremely fond of sweet milk, and two would drink a gallon crock with very little ceremony. While the men wei-e away hunting, trapping or fishing the women would dig ginseng or make baskets of ash wood. The former was pur- ch.ased Iw traders, who sent it east, from whence it was sent to China, where it was said to bring its weight in gold. As long as the Indians remained in the country they were treated by the whites with uniform kindness, and oftentimes lavish gen- erosity. Unsuccessful as they sometimes were in the pursuit of game, their request for food was never denied. In fact when thev called in the absence of the man of the cabin the woman, being alone, rather feared to deny them. Four stalwart braves called at the cabin of William Henry, of Tuscarawas township, while he was absent on the hunt of stray cattle. His w-ife, a delicate woman, was alone with an infant. Their unusual boldness excited her apprehen- sions, but she had the presence of mind to conceal her fears and to impress them with the idea that she was not intimidated, took one of their guns and held it up as if taking aim. One of the number inquired, "Can white squaw shoot?" Her reply was that she could shoot as well as they. Hiereupon a mark was placed on a tree close by. Mrs. Henry took deliberate aim, fired and made what would be called a good shot. One of the Indians then tried his hand, but did not come so near the mark, upon which they gave a great whoop, one remark- ing, ''White squaw brave; good to shoot," and immediately all left. Mrs. Henry believed they premeditated mischief, and attributed her pro- tection to the manner in which she handled the gun. The shot she made was entirel}' acci- dental, as she made no pretensions to skill in the use of fire arms. In 1807 Joseph H. Larwell was in the em- ploy of the government surveying the land west of the Tuscarawas river. The corps fre- quently came in contact with small parties of Indians. At one time a party of five or six met the surveying party and by their talk and manner gave evidence of anger and dissatis- faction at the encroachments of the whites and at their driving off the game. One of their CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. I 3 I numl)cr, who could speak tolerable English, said : "You run here — you run there — we cut your legs oft — you run no more," at the same time gesticulating earnestly, the more effectu- ally to enforce his ideas. This threat, and the manner of the Indians, intimidated the party and several of the corps refused to proceed. Larwell despatched a messenger to their chief Armstrong at Jeromeville, informing liim of the circumstances and their fears. The chief returned assurances that they would not be mo- lested, and in proof of good faith on his part sent as a spy one of his tribe, to walcli the rest and give information to the company upon the first indications of threatened danger. Up to the war of 1812 with England, In- dians continued to fish and hunt in parts of Stark county. During the exciting times pre- ceding the declaration of war they manifested no disposition to join the tribes who had allied themselves with the British against us. That overtures had been made them by emissaries of Tecumseh was evident from their knowledge of preparations on foot for the war among the tribes located farther west. A well-known character, accustomed to fish in Tuscarawas, and a frequent visitor at the home of Stephen Harris, remarked during an evening's talk, that it would be a "big war," and that the "Indians fight like Devers." After Hull's surrender, and the first squad of his paroled men reached Canton on their way home, there happened to be a few Indians in town trading. The sight of these Indians bringing to their mind the ignoble manner in which they had been treated, so exasperated them that they determined upon revenge, and approaching the Indians in a menacing man- ner, the latter made off, and as the soldiers quickened their pace the Indians increased theirs and soon outstripped the soldiers and were out of sight. As they approached the Tuscarawas river they gave several loud and peculiar whoops, which was understood by those encampetl ui)on the opposite bank, for soon the squaws had their papooses strapped and their camp utensils in readiness to move, which they did in hot haste — never again to return for the purpose of fishing or hunting. During the continuance of the war, many of the inhabitants were in constant dread of being nightly l)esieged by the savage foe. Ru- mors were rife of a large body of Indians ad- vancing from the west, led by British officers, who were hourly expected to be upon them. At one time the news came that a force of eight hundred had fortified themselves in the l>end of the river south of Bethlehem, making prep- arations for an attack upon the defenseless set- tlers. A company was made up in Canton, commanded by Colonel Sloan, another in San- dy, commanded by Captain Downing, who marched to the place of rendezvous, but no signs of Indians were discovered. Many amusing incidents are told of some of the settlers, growing out of their fears of being attacked ; many abandoned their homes and crops and went east. It was a common custom for different neighbors to collect with their families at a designated house for mutual protection. Besides their fire arms, axes and scythes and all other instruments of defense that could be mustered were duly arranged that they might be convenient in case of need. A sentinel was generally upon guard, and ev- ery preparation made, that circumstances would aft'ord, for vigorous resistance. There are a few yet living who remember being awed to silence, or lullabied to sleep, by dreadful stories of Indian cruelty whispered in their ears. There were several block houses erect- ed west of the Tuscarawas river, in Lawrence, Tuscarawas and Bethlehem townships, but they were never in requisition as such. At the conclusion of the war, and the es- tablishment at Sandusky of a reservation for the Indians remaining, they were in the habit of making annual trips through the towns 122 OLD LANDMARKS east to the Ohio river. They would travel in squads of a half dozen or more, three or four bucks and several squaws with their papooses hanging around town a week or more, lodging in the market house. The men gave exhibi- tions of then' skill with the bow and arrow, ]jicking oft' shillings and sixpence at a distance of twenty to thirty steps, set in a forked stick placed in the ground. They wouldn't see a copper cent. The women gathered in consid- erable mone}- selling moccasins and bead work. In the evening they gave exhibitions of their different kind of dances. The music was fur- nished by their own band and it was not only peculiar Init horrid. While the Nichols mill (Browning site) was being built the workmen were considerably annoj^ed by the Indians, who persisted in hang- ing around for the scraps left from dinner and in the hope of getting whiskey, of which they were passionately fond. The workmen, in the hope of getting rid of them, would insist in their helping in the work. This they disin- clined to do. The Indian has an innate aversion to anything like work, outside of fishing, hunt- ing and lighting. According to their ideas, anything beyond this belongs to the female members of the family. Occasionally an In- dian could be persuaded to take hold of the handle of a cross-cut saw and help pull and push it, but it would not be long before he would quit, giving as a reason that it "made him sick arm." Rudy Bair happened to come across a squad of Indians camped on Black's creek, Paris township. They were just ready to par- take of a meal they had prepared and insisted upon liis joining them. Fearing lest he might offend them by refusing-, he reluctantly con- sented. The meal consisted of bear's head, stewed or boiled in a camp kettle and thickened with hair and corn meal. The Indians gave Bair to understand by grunts and, signs that he must pitch in like the rest, which he did, but. as he afterward frequently said, it was the most unpalatable meal he ever attempted to gulp down. The hair choked him so that it was witli the greatest difficulty he could keep from vomiting, though the Indians swallowed it with a will. EARLY MEASURES FOR SAFETY. By Lew Slusser. The other night I passed Jacob Bachtel, special night watchman in the public square, and I was reminded of the first watchman em- ployed in Canton. That was many years ago, and these were the circumstances which led to the employment of a watchman at that ear- ly day. The town had a bank, the second organized in the town, known as the Farmers' Bank of Canton. It was a recuscitation of the first and did business in a one-story brick building at the northwest corner of the public square. The officers were Orlando Metcalf, a prominent lawyer, president, and William Fogle, Sr., re- tired merchant, cashier. This was Ijefore the day of burglar-proof safes. The substitute in this bank was a walled room, ten feet square, built of cut stone. The door was made of heavy oak plank, covered with plate iron, with an enormous wooden lock that had a hey hole large enough to admit four fingers at one time. The key was like what in imagination we re- gard a Bastile key, although too large and heavy to carrj- on your person without discom- fort. The clerk or teller of the bank was Will- iam Fogle, Jr., and one morning while open- ing up for business he detected bits of putty sticking around the key hole of the safe lock. Suspicion being excited by the appearance of this putty, a council of the ofticers and direc- tors of the bank was called. Being satisfied that there was a movement on foot to rob the bank, it was decided to erect a guard house and employ a watchman. A wooden structure of CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 12' octagonal form, about five feet in diameter, was put on the comer of the pavement imme- diately in front of the bank. A pane of glass was inserted as a look-out on each side and a cannon stove occupied one side, by which it was made quite comfortable in cold weather. The watchman employed was Valentine Bock- ius, a man passed middle age, who was with Napoleon at Moscow and Waterloo. At that day a man who had served through the Revo- lutionary war or with Napoleon was consid- ered invincible, of unquestioned courage and daring — at least by the boys. Bockius was a hatter by trade, but as the business was not remunerative he accepted the position of bank watchman, as it was looked upon as one of re- sponsibility and trust. His armory or means of offense and defence consisted of a flint-lock musket, generally with fixed bayonet, a horse pistol and a heavy cavalry sword. Much of his time while on duty he employed in picking or carding wool. The boys living near the public square, and who were wont to congregate around the old court house to play "hide and go seek," "wolf" and such like juvenile sports, would often linger around the watch house and drink in the wonderful stories the old man would tell of accidents by flood and field, of hair-breadth '"scapes" and the like. He would frequently from the court house pavement cry the hour of night and the character of the weather. This could be distinctly heard sev- eral squares distant. His call for instance was : "Twelve o'clock and a starlight night," or "Two o'clock and all's well." It is need- less to add that while this watch was kept up, to the time of the removal of the bank to the corner of Tuscarawas and Popular, no attempt at robbery was made. There are but few citizens of Canton left who did business with the Farmers' Bank at the time of which I write. O. T. Browning, John Laird and Daniel DeWalt are the only persons left who have not had their last check discounted. Banks and currency was much more of a disturbing element then than now. The country was full of all sorts of what was then designated "wild cat" and "red dog" cur- rency and you were at a loss to known whether what you received at par today would not be c[uoted at a heavy discount or announced broke tomorrow. Every business man took a bank note reporter, which he was obliged to con- sult daily. Schemers were starting banks in every nook and corner of the country. The Mormons had a bank of issue at Kirtland, on the Reserve, and a syndicate started "The Or- phan's Institute" bank at Fulton, and the "Owl Creek," and numerous other swindling con- cerns that played sad havoc with the farming- community in the purchase of produce. It is to be hoped the country will never again be subjected to such a crisis. SOME PIONEER REMINISCENCES. By Lew SluSSEr Valentine Weaver, better known as "Felty" Weaver, came from Washington county, Maryland, in 1806, and settled in Plain town- ship before it v.as organized, while the territory of Stark was yet a part of Columbiana. He had ten children, and the five older were girls, Nancy, Elizabeth, Magdelena, Sarah and Christina. Nancy was always delicate and died soon afer her marriage. The rest of the girls were healthy and stout. At that time hired help was scarce and the money to pay for it scarcer still. The help of these girls was necessary to open the farm, nor did they hesitate to give it. They could do, and did, whatever a man could do — cut down trees, burn brush, split rails, plough, sow. cut wheat wnth a sickle, and hay and clover with a sythe, thresh w-ith a flail, in short do an_v kind of farm work. Elizabeth, the second daughter, known as Betsy, who married Joseph Essig, Avas the 124 OLD LANDMARKS boss of them all. She could excel most men in the management of horses. As an illustra- tion : A young- brother hauling out manure was unable to start a load. Betsy, noticing his in- efl-'ectual efforts from the kitchen window. same out, took the whip out of his hand, re- marking, "Ous em waig; luss mich de gowl handle," spoke kindly to the horses, cracked the whip, ordered them to move, and the load moved out of the rut. Upon another occasion, when they were building a barn, the driver of four horses came with a load of sill timber, and insisted that it was impossible to drive where the timber was to be unloaded without bark- ing some fruit trees, ^t that time fruit trees were an object and it became a perplexing question among the men standing around how the timber could be taken where it was wanted. While the subject was under discussion, Bet- sy made her appearance and soon entered into the spirit of controversy. She proffered to drive the team to the place desired without touching a tree and her oft'er was accepted. Mounting the saddle horse, riding sideways, she took up the line, spoke to the horses, started them up. and made the twists and turns to the place desired without touching a tree. Betsy attained her ability to manage horses bj' in- heritance, for her father had the reputation of being the most skillful driver and best horse- man in the country around. One of the first constables of Plain town- ship was a man by the name of Packer. He was a great braggart and at every opportunity boasted of his bravery and wonderful achieve- ments. Pie had a sow and a litter of pigs that were kept in a pen near his cabin that they might not be molested l)v wild animals, bears and wolves. Early one morning, l>efore Packer and his wife were out» of bed. they heard a noise like a pig squealing. They were quick to take in the situation and both sprang out of bed. The wife naturally waited for the husband to move out to the rescue ; but the hus- band hesitated, loath to move forward, and said to his wife "Betsy you go foremost and Fll follow." Betsy, obedient to the command of her lord and master, went foremost, shook her skirts at the bear and he left. The story got out, and e\-er afterward, when Packer would commence to brag, some one in the company would drop the remark. "Betsy you go. foremost," and it effectually squelched him. During the summer and fall of 1810 more emigrants and land specidators came from the east and the ^vest than had previously come from the time Ohio was admitted into the Un- ion as a state. This was soon after the lands west of the Tuscarawas river were open to en- try. The land office was then in Canton. The Eag"le taA'crn, a two-story structure, comer of Market and Tuscarawas, was the popular stopping place for man and beast. It was well known east and as far west as white people dared to venture. The supply of horse feed was limited in this locality and Mr. Dewalt had difficulty in procuring sufficient to satis- f}- the demand of travelers. The neighlx)rhood of New Listen had been longer settled and the }-ield of farm products was there more abuntlant. In order to supply the demand, Mr. Dewalt sent his two daughters, Nancy and Mary, the oldest of his children, the former fifteen and the latter fourteen, to New Lisbon, a distance of thirty-five miles, for oats. It was a dismal road, along which the settlements were few and far between, and "Holm's Bot- tom." midway, the dread of travelers and teamsters, not to mention the fact of coming in contact with roving Indians then traveling the country. The girls made the trip, each riding horseback and between them leading a horse and brought back ten bushels of oats. This performance would not be considered anything extraordinary at the present day. but at that time, when the country was comparatively new and unsettled and there were no well-defined CANTON AND STARK COUNT V, OHIO. 12: roads, it may be considered a remarkable exhi- bition of pluck and fortitude. Peter Dickerhoof came to Stark county in 1806, and settled in Plain township. His daughter Betsy (recorded Elizabeth in her Taufschein) was a woman in a thousand. She early evinced a spirit of independence and an ambition to do work equal to a man. Although not particularly stout in appearance, she was well knit and capable of great endurance. She secured the contract to open the road from Berlin to Greentown, and it is said she cut down more trees than an}' man she had em- ployed. She was never content with doing- ordinary housework such as would satisfy most \\omen. but was always on the lookout for contracts. l-'elling timber and clearing up ground seemed to be her delight. She never married, though many offers were presented. She feared being curtailed in her liberty. She seemed determined that "no pent up Utica should contract her powers." Mary Marks, wife of John Marks, of San- dy township, had nineteen children in twenty years, all living when last heard from. JNIarks was a common laborer and, finding himself unable to provide for so numerous a house- hold, cowardly deserted his post. Mrs. Marks, like Niobe of old, was fond of her offspring, and shed tears because her husband had left her before she had the twentieth. Apropos,— William Alban, of Lawrence township, had twenty-one children, by three wives, all living. AWAY back: in 1840. By Lew Slussek. It was in the 'forties that a friend of mine engaged passage in the stage coach at Canton for Pittsburg. The route was through New Lis- bon to Smith's Ferry, on the Ohio river, thence by steamboat to Pittsburg. Thirty-six hours was required to make the trip, which was then considered fast traveling. Fare, five dollars. At the time the incident occurred which I am about to relate, the stage left Canton at four in the afternoon. W'lien it arrived from the west there was but remodeled and added to the same, and it is now owned 1)\- Dr. D. A. Arter. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. '39 In tlie days when both Shorbs were thus engaged in the pottery business the most com- mon way of distinguishing them was to desig- nate them respectively as "Big Adam" and "Little Adam."' Adam A. being somewhat above the average height and his cousin a little less than the average. As both bore the name Adam it was quite natural and very convenient for our citizens to make the distinction referred to, and all people, old and young, were familiar with the appellations. Potteries in those days manufactured for home consumption only. We had no facilities for sliipping except by wagon, and therefore the pottery-ware was sold to the .stores and to the farmers of this region. The fall season was always the time of great demand, as then it was that fruit was gathered and apple butter made by almost all the settled citizens, not only in the country but also in the towns. There were two other potteries in Canton about the time the Shorbs were here engaged in that line of enterprise. One was located on the lot now occupied by the Martin block, on North Market street, and the other on the lot on which the buildings of the Canton Brewing Company are now located. It is the impres- sion of the writer that these two potteries manufactured a softer type of ware than did the other two mentioned. The ware made by the Shorbs was known as stoneware, while that of the other potteries was known as red or clay ware, and for general purposes was in- ferior to the former. All these potteries used wood for fuel in the burning of their ware. At this time wood \\as cheap and plentiful, while our home coal fields were but slightly developed, while foreign coal could not be brought in, as a matter of course, owing to the fact that we had no railroads. The coal then used here in Canton was principally brought in by country teams from the neigh- borhood of Osnaburg and Mapleton, mostly bv the Yohes, McKinneys and Millers. Both wood and coal were mostly sold for barter of some kind, being exchanged for stoneware, groceries, dry- goods or other articles for family use, wliile comparatively little was sold for cash. In those days dry-goods stores were somewhat ditiferent from the emporiums in the county today. All received butter, eggs and other country products in exchange for goods, and the stores were opened by the rising of the sun and kept open until nine o'clock at night, when the courthouse bell would ring for all to close. The writer can well remember when he was employed in the store of Martin Wiki- dal, from 1836 to 1840, while Impertus Martin was employed in the adjoining store, conducted by M. & J. Laird, and very often after the closing hour at night it became the duties of such young clerks to go to the cellar and pack the butter that had been taken in during the day, sometimes amounting to twO' or three fir- kins, the work demanding an hour or more in its completion, while we were supposed to "rise with the lark of the early morn." The earlier hours of closing now in vogue are much more humane, and the writer would regret to see a reversion to the custom which obtained when he was a boy in a store, but it is well to call attention to the difiference in view of the com- plaints entered by many of the young folks employed today. Arduous and prolonged as were the daily tasks laid upon us sixty years ago, it is practically a fact that there was not as much discontent and complaining on the part of clerks as there is in these days of modern usage. The greatest trouble is that "Young .\merica" now expects to begin at the point where the preceding generation ended, but this is not always possible, and therefore trouble often arises. Li those days no women were employed as clerks, all were boys and men, and in this respect the new custom is a distinctive impro vemen t . 140 OLD LANDMARKS ONLY PUBLIC EXECUTION IN STARK COUNTY. H\ John Danner. The only public execution ever held in Can- ton was that of Christian Bachtel, on Friday, November 22, 1833. The scaffold on which he expiated his crime was erected on the com- mons east of Walnut street, between North and Third streets, the tract being now built up. The crowd that gathered was immense. The day before the execution the town began to have many visitors from all directions, and they were atracted hither by the cruel sight which they expected to witness. On the morning of the execution the streets were filled from all directions. Christian Bachtel had lived in Pike township, a short distance south of North Industry. He was a good and industrious citi- zen as long as lie abstained from the use of liquor, but the appetite for strong drink became so fjistened upon him that quite often he would return home greatly into.xicated. His wife, who was an excellent and industrious woman, was compelled to do the best she could for the support of the family, and one night he re- turned home crazed with liquor and ready to find fault with all his good wife had done. Finding that he was not in a condition to reason upon any subject Mrs. Bachtel turned awav from him while lying in bed and was supposed to be asleep. The drunken man struck her on the head with an ax helve, fracturing her skull, and being still unsatis- fied with the results of his frightful act, com- mitted during the insane frenzy of intoxication, he struck a second blow, which made sure her death. After committing the horrible deed the poor inebriate took his flight, having nothing with him but the miserable clothes which he wore and a flask of whiskey. He left his motherless children and went forth as a fugi- tive, to wander he knew not where, but he started in a westerly direction, feeling as the inliuence of the liquor left him, self-condemned and half crazed with the thought of his horrible crime. He could not travel fast and as there were no railroads in the state at that time he could not escape by such means. After wander- ing in a dazed condition for three days he was arrested not far from Wooster, being brought to Canton without any resistance on his part. His trial took place in the old square brick courthouse. Starkweather and Jarvis being the prosecuting atorneys, while Harris and Met- calf appeared for the defense. These four law- yers were among the best in the county at that time. David A. Starkweather was afterward our representative in congress for some time. Dwight Jarvis moved to Massillon, where he remained until his death. Jolin Harris lived in the house now owned and occupied by Mrs. Catherine .\. ]\leyers. on West Tuscarawas, the residence having been erected by him and hav- ing been long looked upon as one of the best in the town. When deeply interested in a case of law Mr. Harris was frequently seen on his way home making gestures and revolving in his mind what he should say in the coming trial. Mr. Metcalf afterward removed to Pittsburg and became quite eminent in his profession. In 1S80 a very notable execution took place within the walls of our present courthouse, three men, or rather good sized boys, being executed at one time. Two of them were con- victed of murder, in the east end of the county, and the third committed a similar crime in the western part of the county, all expiating their crimes at the same tmie. Although it was known the execution would not be public, yet many persons came to Canton on that day, at- tracted by an unfortunate and morbid curosity. It was claimed that at the time of the execution of Christian Bachtel forty thousand people came here, but half that number would prob- ably represent a more accurate estimate. In later years all condemned to death for murder CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 141 have been taken to Columbus, the executions taking place within the walls of the state peni- tentiary, with very few witnesses present. This is certainly a wise change. Public executions such as that which occurred in Canton seventy years ago, could not fajl to have a demoralizing" effect, and it were fortunate if every state in the Union did away with such public exe- cutions. Quite a number of murders have taken place in Stark county, resulting" in the sentencing of the criminals to imprisonment for life, among them the murder of Daniel Mead, in Osnaburg, and the Keefer tragedy in Massillon, and, to the best of the writer's reccollection, from first to last, intoxicating liquors have had more or less to do with all these crimes, as is generally true in all such cases in our state and nation, and the signi- ficance of this fact cannot fail to appeal to every right-minded citizen. MEYER'S LAKE IN THE OLDEN DAYS. By John Danner. Andrew Meyer, the grandfather of the generation now living in the county, came to Canton in 1810 and secured twenty-two hun- dred acres of land in the vicinity of the village, partly by entering the same from the govern- ment and partly by purchase from Bezaleel Wells. Most of the land lay west of Canton and was known as plains land, being covered with small saplings and underbrush, and from the fact that few large trees were to be found on the tract the early settlers thought it was not productive land, and they went to remote parts of the county and invested in heavily timbered land, making a great mistake in this respect, while in the purchase of the land Mr. Meyer displayed good business judgment. Included in his purchase of lands was our popular re- sort, known as Meyer's Lake. The name will probably cling to the lake, no matter who may own the property. Andrew Meyer was a native of Alsace, France, where he was born in 1760, and he came to the United States in 1791, settling in Baltimore. Maryland. He had two brothers, Godfrey and Frank. Upon the outbreak of the war waged by Napoleon, Andrew and Godfrey came to America, but Frank entered Napole- i on's army, in which he rose to the office of j colonel. At the close of his military service he joined his brothers in Baltimore. By trade Andrew Meyer was a gilder and draughtsman, and while a resident of Baltimore he was large- ly interested in a brass foundry. After set- tling in Canton his time was taken up in man- aging and improving his large landed estate. He lived for some time in a two-story brick building which occupied the site of the store of Klein & Heffelman, on the east side of North Market street. Finally he removed to his' farm, taking up his residence in a one-story frame building a little west of the brick mansion }'et standing. This fine old mansion was erected about seventy-five years ago, while the two brick ware rooms or storage houses on either side of the residence were used for the storage of grain and other products. In those days there was no convenient market for such produce, there being no railroads, while the nearest shipping point was Massillon, on the old Ohio canal. At the bottom of the hill and in front of the old Meyer homestead is a very large spring of fine water, antl the same has quenched the thirst of thousands of persons. The native Indians thought much of it, and it has been said that at the time Mr. Meyer secured posses- sion of the property an Indian chief, who bore the name of Beaver Cap, had a wigwam erec- ted hard by this spring, remaining there for some time after the property had passed into the hands of Mr. Meyer. He was of tlie Wyan- dot tribe and very peaceable and inofif^nsive, 142 OLD LANDMARKS winning the favor and esteem of many of our early settlers. The writer lias personally seen in his boyhood days se\eral canoes, hewed out of solid logs, which were made by the Indians and left on the lake when they fled before the new settlers. The lake was a favorite resort of the Indians in early days, and they were expert fishermen, supplying them- selves -with many a meal of fish. About a half mile south-east of the old Meyer homestead was a sawmill, which was operated by water which formed the outlet from the lake and also by that supplied by the spring, to which reference has been made. At that time this outlet of the lake carried quite a heavy stream of water, but the flow is slight at the present time. Andrew Meyer was an intelligent and well educated man. The family were descendants of royal blood in the old world. He was a soldier of our w-ar of 1812, and being a man of more than ordinary wealth he wielded a great influence in the community. He became the father of three sons and two daughters, namely : Andrew J., P^rank J., Joseph, Mrs. James Cas- silly and Mrs. Thomas Patten. Anlrew J. Meyer built the brick residence now owned and occupied by James F. T. Walker, at 2015 West Tuscarawas street. The house has since been enlarged and remodeled. At one time Mr. Meyer kept a store in the old E^gle block. Frank J. Meyer lived for a number of years on a farm a short distance northwest of the lake. He afterward built a good two-story residence on North Cleveland avenue, nearly opposite St. Peter's church, and there he passed the remainder of his life. He was the father of the late Joseph A. Meyer and also of Mrs. Caroline Trout. Joseph Meyer followed farming and stock- growing, having been the youngest of the three sons of Andrew Meyer. He died in his home, at 917 West Tuscarawas street. He was the father of Edward and George Meyer, and also of Henrv Mever, who was ac- cidentally killed in this city several years ago. Joseph Meyer was also the father of two daughters, Mrs. John F. Blake and Miss Celeste, the latter residing in the old homestead. The elder daughter of Andrew Meyer, the pioneer, was Mrs. James Cassilly, who died in Canton, as did also her husband. They had no children. The younger daughter became 'the wife of Thomas Patton and they had quite a large family of children, the greater number being sons. They lived for a number of years in the old Meyer homestead, on North ^Market street. Thomas Patton was an industrious and active man, and was engaged in business here for many years, having been at one time a member of the hardware hrm of Patton & Pepple, his partner having been the late Eph- raim Pepple. Andrew Meyer died in 1848, at the adv^anced age of eighty-eight years. He was greatly missed in the community in which he had been so active a factor in laying the foundations of the prosperity and opulent re- sources today enjoved in this section. NIMISHILEEXTO\\X— CONTEST FOR THE COUNTY SEAT. By Lew Sh;ssi:u. The iirst town yon paper) in the county was located near the head waters of the Nimi- shillen, and named after the stream — Nimishil- lentown. It was laid out along an Indian trail running east and we^t. which at that time was the main thoroughfare for persons coming west to invest in lands, whether fur homes or on speculation. This trail, through the efforts of John Thomas, of Columbiana county, was wid- ened and improved so as to make it passaljle for wagons, and was afterwards known as the Thomas road. It is the same road, with few alterations, that now runs from Louisville to Freeburgh and Lexington. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 143 The proprietors of Nimishillentown were Pentecost and Scott, land speculators. It was surveyed and platted by Daniel L. McClure. The plat looked well on paper. The streets had attractive names; a block of lots was donated for a court house and jail, one for an academy and another for a church. A cabin was erect- ed, covered with clapboards fastened with nails made by a blacksmith of New Lisbon. In this cabin the two men kept "bachelor's hall," and as emigrants and prospectors came along they were importuned to invest in the new town. The proprietors remained on the ground through the summer of 1806, when, finding themselves unable to compete with Osnaburgh and Canton, they prudently retired from the contest and the plat is now a cultivated field. OSNABURGH. Osnaburgh was the next place that [)ut in an appearance for the county seat. It was laid out in 1805 by James Leeper, of Washington county, Pennsylvania, and named after Osna- bruck, in Germany. Leei^er built a one-story log" cabin and started a tavern. The way it was kept and the accommodations afforded to man and beast will be better understood by giv- ing tlie personal experience of John Larwell, late of Wooster, as he gave it to the writer of this article. Larwell's home was at Fawcettstown, now East Liverpool, on the Ohio river. In March, 1807, he was sent on horseback with provision to his brother, Joseph IL Larwell, then in gov- ernment employ, surveying lands immediately west of the Tuscarawas river. He went l)y an Indian trail leading from the Ohio river, cross- ing Sandy creek near the mouth. Having heard of Osnaburgh, he concluded to return home that way, as the distance was about the same. Leaving the' camp of his brother early in the morning, crossing the Tuscarawas at the ferry, he made his way over the plains thrnugli Cantor., then containing but a few scattered cabins, and reached Osnaburgh in the evening. Riding up to the most pretentious house in tlie village, Mr. Larwell halloed, and out came the landlord. . Inquiring whether lie ci:)uld stop with him o\er night and receiving an affirma* ti\-e answer. Mr. Larwell dismounted. No stable appearing in sight, he wislied to know what acconunodations he had for his horse. Leeper pointed to a beech tree that had just Iieen cut down, saying the horse could be tied to a top limb and feed upon twigs. As there was not a stable in the town, there was no al- ternative but to be satisfied with such accom- modations for the jaded animal. The cabin hatl but one room, with a loft which was reached by a ladder. The room was intended to answer the purpose of kitchen, dining and sit- ting room, the sleeping room being in the attic. The floors were made of puncheons and the chimney of sticks and mud. The chimney had sometime been on lire, for there was a hole near the grounil, Inuut through. The supper con- sisted of corn pone and fresh pork. While the jione was baking on the hearth a pig of the land-pike breed came through the hole in the chimney, snatched up the pone and escaped by the same hole. Mrs. Leeper ran out of the door, gave chase, recovered the pone, replaced it upon the griddle and watched the hole until the baking' was completed. \\ hen it came bed- time Mr. Larwell was offered his choice of a blanket on the floor below or in the loft. As the night was growing colder he ])referred the former, and, wrapping himself in the blanket with his feet toward the fire, obtained a com- fortable night's rest. His breakfast was the same as the supper. He found his horse brows- ing at the beech tree and standing in a foot of snow which had fallen during the night. The bill was seventy-fi\e cents. The ])articulars of this entertainment are given b\- way of contrast to those furnished at the present day in western towns competing for a county seat. 144 OLD LANDMARKS As Leeper's house was the only stopping- place for travelers in the town, it gave him a favorable opportunity to influence those who were looking for homes to settle in Osnaburg. He had induced a niimber of mechanics to pm'- chase lots and build during the summer of 1806. He could boast of a store, blacksmith shop, tan-yard, hatter shop and a half a dozen or more private residences. Much stress was laid upon the superior natural advantages — water and building material. Meanwhile Beza- ''■ leel \\'ells, the proprietor of Canton, was hot; idle. He v.as a man of education and had j served as a member of the state convention which framed the first constitution of Ohio, , which fact gave him character and influence. , The friends of Osnaburgh were unsparing in their denunciations of the locality of Canton — ■ that it was between two streams, bordered with swamps, sure to create fever and ague; that there was no water, nor could any be obtained by digging ; there was neither timber nor stione with whicli to build; that the adjoining lands west were barren, and \^■ould never be culti- vated. Such were the arguments used against Canton, and there was so much force in them that had I.eeper been a man of as good address, habits and influence as Wells, Osnaburg would have carried off the palm. But Leeper was dis- sipated and dissolute and proved himself un- worthy of confidence, while, on the contrary, every man who came in contact with \\'ells was favoralily impressed and had entire confidence in his integrity. ?Ie agreed to donate a number of lots for the beiTefit of the town, which he af- terwards did. The following entry appears in the commis- sioners" journal of Columbia county : "June 14. 1808. — The board of commissioners of Co- lumbiana county, consisting of Daniel Har- baugh. Joseph Richardson and GeiM-ge Atfer- : hnlt, NDted and jjai;! tliirteen dollars each to: Kli Baldwin an.d l^liiah Wadsworth tor serviiie as commissioners to fix the county seat of Stark county at the town of Canton." The first county commissioners for Stark county were elected in the fall of that same year. They were John Bower, James Latti- mer and John Nichols. The first court was held in the Eagle tavern, corner of ]^Iarket and Tuscarawas ; ne.\t year at the Coulter taverii, comer of Market and Seventh streets, the cel- lar being used as a jail ; ne.xt in the Stidger tavern, corner of Tuscarawas and Court streets, and here it v.'as retained until the completion of the first court house and jail, corner of Market and Third streets. EARLY NEWSPAPER PRESS STARK COUNTY. OF By Li.;\v Si.vsskk. In 1S14 John Sa.xton visited CantonWith a \-iew of publishing a paper there. Proposals were issued, and the Ohio Repository was com- menced on the •^oth of March, 181 • At the time the Repository was commenced there was a paper printed at Warren, Trumbullcounty. one at New Lisbon, one at Steubenvill6, one at St. Clairsville, and one at Zanesville.ahd these, with the Repository, embraced the \\ hole num- ber in the state north of Chillicothe. For manv years the publishers had to get their paper from Pittsburgh and Beaver, points sixty and ninety miles distant. ' In October, 1819, Edward Shaffer started the first German paper at Canton, aiid the sec- ond in the state, called the Westliche Beobach- ter (Western Observer), and continued 'it until the 24th of August," 1S26. It 'was then con- tinued by John Sala, with some interruptions, until January, 1828. In January, 1829, Solo- mon Sala and Christiait D. Lehmus comm'ericed the 'N^-itefL-ind's Freund TThe Patriot), which. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 145 ill the summer of 1831, was purchased by Peter Kaufmann, who continued it till August 12, iS-12, when he transferred it to H. J. Nath- nagel, his son-in-law, and it was published by him until the 23d of March, 1846. It was then suspended, for several causes, the principal of which was to collect arrearages. Late in 1846 Mr. Nathnagel commenced the publica- tion of the Ohio Staat Bote (the State Mess- enger), which is still continued. In 183(3 or 1837 John S. Wiestling commenced a Whig German paper, and continued it a year or eighteen months, when he removed to Colum- bus, and died there. In the spring of 1828 Joseph W. White, a veteran printer, who has started more papers than any other man in Ohio, if not in the Union, established the Stark County Democrat at Paris, Stark county, and continued it there until February, 1829, when he removed to Canton and published it here some six weeks, when he sold to James Allen, who continued it until April, 1830. Mr. Allen then removed the es- tablishment to Massillon and commenced the Massillon Gazette on the 12th of May, 1830, with John Townsend as partner. In 1831 the Gazette was enlarged under the joint owner- ship of Allen & McCully. In May, 1832, Mr. Allen left Stark county and did not return until 1837. He then purchased the Massillon Ga- zette office of Robert Wilson, who after various changes in the editorship, which we can not now bring to mind, became its proprietor and conducted it alx)ut a year, and Allen com- menced its publication as editor on the 12th of May, 1837, and continued it until March, 1839, when he went to Columbus and took the edi- torial chair of the State Journal. Several changes followed in the Gazette establishment, lAice and Worstel, and then Painter and Wil- son, and John Hanna, having edited it for brief periods, and Wilson started a new paper, but, after a short existence, it was merged with the other. It is now called the Massillon News, neutral in politics, and edited by William C. Earl. The mutations in this establishment we think unparalleled in the annals of newspaper enterprises. In January, 1822, Solomon Sala & Company commenced a paper at Canton, en- titled the Canton Gazette, but of this but one number was issued. In 1834 Mr. Bernard commenced the Stark County Democrat in Can- ton, but died in a few months, after which Will- iam Dunbar took it and continued its publica- tion until April, 1835, when it was destroyed by fire. In July, 1835, it was again started, by Dunbar & Gotshall, and continued one year; then it was conducted by William and George Dunbar, and continued about three years ; then by Daniel Gottshall from 1839 to 1847; then by Carney & Leiter for fourteen or fifteen months; then by John McGregor & Son until the sudden death of John McGregor, when Alexander McGregor took the editorial chair. THE STARK COU'NTY DEMOCRAT. By Lew Slusser. It was during the administration of Gen- eral Jackson and the political throes of that period that the Stark County Democrat was born. The county leaders of the Democracy of that day, sensible to the fact that they la- bored under a disadvantage in not having an organ, determined to overcome that disadvan- tage and have a press. Among the most active and liberal in furnishing material aid for that purpose were D. A. Starkweather, Dr. Stidger, the Dunbars, Judge Loutzenheiser, Sanders Van Rensselaer, Arnold Lynch and Judge Greenwood, of Paris, Judge Miller and Mc- Cully, of Massillon. A press and type were procured. Henry Bernard, a practical printer with considerable experience as a political writ- er, then engaged in an office in Massillon, was 146 OLD LANDMARKS hired to take charge of the paper. A room was obtained 011 the second floor imnieiHately o\^er the room later occnpied by J. A. Bach- niann, on Tuscarawas street. Here, in tlie spring of 1834, was the first numlier of the paper issued. That year the Asiatic cliolera made its first appearance west of the moun- tains. Bernard was a free th-inker, a good suljject for the cholera, and the first to be taken off. His remains are in the Plum street grave- yard, ^\•ith nothing to mark their resting place. He was a caustic writer, and I well remember frequently seeing him set uyi editorials without copy. _At his death William Dunbar, who at fhe time had a school in the old .Academy, took charge of the editorial columns, assisted by Al)ijah Baker, a bibulous type of the tramp order, who had a reputation as a sharp writer. (Jharley Burr was the lu'st "de\il" connected with the office, and he had a penchant for writ- ing for the paper. Newspaper controversies at that day constituted the life of the town. In the fall of that year the office was removed to a frame building on Walnut street, belonging to Judge Sowers, formerly occupied as a carpenter sh(^p. In the spring of 1835 this building took fire and was destroyed, with all the contents. In the summer following the office was resusci- tated jjy Dunliar & Gotshall. and occupied a room in Tuscarawas street, over Houser's meat market. They were the proprietors until 1847, when the office was sold to Leiter & Carney, who ran it for a year or more and then sold out ti) John McGregor & Son. McGregor, Sr., flied within a year or two, when the son, Archi- bald, became the manager. In 1861 the office was in an upper room of a county building then occupying the court house square. The Civil war stirred up a feeling against many Demo- crats who favored compromise measures, and as the Democrat was their medium of expres- sion, the editor was charged with gi\'ing aid to the south. When a mob spirit is abroad it takes but little encouragement to fan the flames into an outbreak. A crowd of thoughtless men and boys broke nito the oflice in the night time and destroyed the press and emptied the cases of type into the street. Not a man or bo)" engaged in that work but afterward repented his action. The office was soon resuscitated and established in the building it occupied imtil the last removal. 'idie Xews-Democrat was established March 31. 1883. The function of the rural press has been mucli enlarged ot late years. The telegraph liad been the means of contributing to this end — communicating transactions of ever\' kind and from any distance immediately after the_\' occur. Reporters are a modern inxention — picking up local news antl, when hard up for material, manufactiu'ing it to order. Tliey now make a wonderful cock-and-bull story out of an affair that could be told in a paragraph. The particulars of Bachtel's e.xecution occupied less tlian a column. The accident whereljy Freymeyer and Booze lost their lives in the caving in of a sand bank on Tuscarawas street, just beyond the east bridge, and the drowning of Lewis Brown and his horse in the Ximisbil- len were gi\en in a paragraph. There was not tliat morbid taste then existing that has since been cultivated, lint the public are not now sat- isfied with meagre statements. They want it more full\- and. according to the law of supply and demand, they must ha\'e it. and the secular newspaper that does not furnish it is liable to fall behind. ]Mr. A. McGregor conducted the Stark Count}- Democrat from 1847 to June of 1888, a period of forty-one years, and made it a jjower in state politics and a reputation as one of the ablest Democratic journals in Ohio. On the 14th of May, 1888, the paper was purchased by the Democrat Publishing Company. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. H7 THE FIRST CiRCLT.AITXG LIBRARY i:\ C'.VXTON. By Lew Slusser. It was soon after the close of the last war with England that a nnmljer of the more intelli- gent and ambitious men of Canton conceived the idea of getting up a circulating library. .\fter se\eral preliminary meetings and dis- cussions of. ways and means suggested, it was finally agreed that the cost should be divided into shares of three dollars each, which would entitle the holder to the use of a book for two weeks. .\ number of the members took several shares, and when sufficient money was raised one of the merchants of the town was commis- sioned to make the pmxhase in Philadelphia. Canton then contained a population of a thous- and or twelve hundred. The following is a list of the stockholders, as near as can be ascer- tained : James W. Lathrop, John Harris, Or- lando Aletcalf, John Sloan. Dr. Rappe, Dr. Jerow. Dr. Bonfield, William Christmas, Sam- uel Coulter, William Raynolds, John Saxton, George Stidger. Andrew Meyer, Thomas Hur- ford. John Slusser, George Dunbar. Winans Clark. -\ case was made for the books and they were kept in the clerk's office, William Raynolds, then county clerk, acting as librarian. The following is the list, as near as can be made out: Rollin's "Ancient History," Sturm's "Reflections," "Letters of Junius," Hume's "History of England," Robertson's "History of America." "Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin." Marshall's "Life of Washington." "Locke on Human L'nderstanding," Riley's "Narrative," Burke's "Dignity of Man." Watt's "Improvement of the Mind," "The Spectator," Gibbon's "Roman Empire," Flint's "Lidian Wars of the West," Randolph's "Memoirs of Jefiferson," Abercrombe's "Moral Feeling," Rush on "The Mind." "Brooks' Gazetteer." Novels were not so abundant then as now, nor' had the taste for reading then been ac- quired to such an extent. There were but few such books in the library, and yet they were about all that had been heard of in the west. Goldsmith's "Vicar of Wakefield," Fielding's "Tom Jones," Smollett's "Perigrine Pickle," Swift's "Jonathan Wild," Miss Por- ter's "Scottish Chiefs" and "Thaddeus of War- saw" about constituted the lot. The women were not educated then as now, consequently had not cultivated the taste for reading. The adults piously inclined confined their reading to the Bible, and the young' to the study of the catechism. The library continued in existence until about 1830, when the books were divided among the stockholders. A few are still in existence, but the bulk have "gone glimmering through the dreams of things that were." EARLY BANKING IN CANTON. By Lew Slusser, In the year 181 5 a meeting of the business men of Canton was called for the purpose of organizing a bank. The town at that time had a population of about five hundred. It con- tained seven stores, which, with the several flour mills in the vicinity, drew trade from a wide extent of surrounding country. The close of the war of 1812 gave a new impetus to busi- ness, increased immigration and created a de- mand for more circulating medium. ^Vooster at this time was looming up as a rival town, each place claiming superiority over the other, in the prospective navigable features of the Killbuck and Nimishillen. As a stroke of policy this meeting was called and five trustees appointed, viz : John Shorb. William Fogle, Samuel Coulter, Thomas Taylor and James Hazlett, who were instructed to take the initia- tory steps in ftu'therance of the project. In the month of April notice was published in the Ohio Repository that an election would 148 OLD LANDMARKS be held at the house of PhiHp Dewalt (then the Eagle Tavern, a two-story log structure, lo- cated on the corner later occupied by the Eagle Block) for nine directors for a bank, to be called the Farmers' Bank of Canton. It was at the suggestion of Dr. Fogle that the prehx Farmers' was adopted. The election was heid, and resulted in the choice of Thomas Hurford, John Shorb, John Meyers. William Fogle, \V\- nana Clark, James Hazlett, Philip Slusser, Ja- cob Meyers and George Stidger. John Shorb was elected president, and William Fogle cash- ier. Immediately afterward books were opened for the subscription of stock at Canton, Tall- madge, Stow and Cleveland. During the summer of 1815 the building lo- cated on the north half of lot 28, the same later occupied by V. B. Snyder as a grocery store, was erected for a banking" house, and in the fall was occupied as such. Immediately after- ward notes were issued and put in circulation. There was then opposition to a paper cur- rency. At the February term, 181 6, of the common pleas court, — George Tode, president ; John Hoover, Samuel Coulter and William Henry, associates — an indictment was found against "John Shorb. president of the Farmers' Bank of Canton, for signing and making bank notes without being by law authorized so to do." It was evident that the mass of the com- munity were disposed to sustain the Ijank, fur, after the jury heard the indictment read, they returned a verdict of not guilty, without leav- ing the box. Jeremiah H. Halleck appeared for the state, and Wright and Tappan for de- fendant. Notwithstanding this decision, Hen- ry Swartz the same year resisted the payment of a note of eight hundred dollars held by the bank against him, on the ground that the bank had issued paper in violation of law. The case was argued at length by J. ^\^ Lathrop for the bank and John M. Goodenow for defendant. Court gave judgment for plaintiff. The bank issued fractional currency, of which there were counterfeits in circulation. There was a publisher of a newspaper located in the central portion of the state who engaged with imi^unity in the manufacture of this frac- tional currency. He was not prosecuted, as there was a question about its being a penal offense. John Sterling and Thomas Alexander \vere elected directors in 181 6, but whether as an ad- dition to the number of the board, or in place of two retired, we are unable to ascertain from the archives at our command. James Drennan was cashier in 1817, and gives notice that "a dividend of 4 per cent, on capital stock actually paid in will be paid to the stockholders, or their legal representatives." From a statement of the condition of the bank, published in December, 1818, there was capital stock paid in $33,710; notes in circula- tion, $20,398; debts due, $18,000; deposits, $3,113; bills discounted, $75,162; specie on hand, $1,969^ notes of other banks, $1,406. A financial crisis was approaching, and the bank began to feel its effects. They struggled along until November, 1818, when, following in the wake of a number of other banks, they sus- pended specie payment, but gave notice that they would "continue to redeem their notes in good chartered paper." In January, 1820, in compliance with an amendment of a law then in force, the Ijoard of directors was increased to thirteen. Renewed efforts were made ta sustain the credit of the institution, but the reserve forces were insufticient, and in March, 1 82 1, the banking house and lot, with the office fixtures, was sold at public auction, and the Farmers' Bank of Canton expired. EARLY HISTORY OF THE COUNTY COURT. H> Lew Sli's.sek. The first court in the county was held in the fall of 1808, in an upper room of a log CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 149 building erected by John Shorb on tlie soutb- west corner of Market and Tuscarawas streets, Canton. The building was afterwards owned and occupied by Philip Dewalt as a tavern, sign of Spread Eagle. It \\as torn down in 1827, and the three-story brick building erected in its place. How man}- terms of the court were held, or how long it continued in this place, we have not been able to ascertain, but it is well known that in 18 10 it was held at the tavern of Sam- uel Coulter — sign of the Green Tree — in the upper story of the frame addition, the same afterward owned and occupied by C. Oberly, corner of Market and Sixth streets. The cel- lar underneath the building was used for a jail, and some laughable- incidents that occurred from its use for that purpose are told. In t8i2 the court was removed to an upper room of a brick building erected the year previ- ous by George Stidger, on the lot later occupied by the Cloud Hotel. Here it remained until the completion of the log jail, corner of Market and Third, in 181 4. The north half of the building had two cells, and the whole of the south side was appropriated as a court room. Here it remained until the completion of the court house, in 1817. The contract for the erection of the latter building was given out in I Si 6. The county commissioners of that year ^\■ere John Kryder. John Sluss and Will- iam Alban. Before the completion of the building John Saxton was elected in the place of John Kryder. Thomas A. Drayton was contractor for the brick work, and J. D. Hend- ley for the wood work. The brick were made and furnished by Timothy \\'allis. The amount paid the contractors was $5,515.70. In the spring of 1820 the commissioners ad- vertised for proposals for "inclosing the lot on which the court house stands. The fronts on Market and Tuscarawas streets, and the west end. to be made of good substantial posts and rails and sawed palings. The balance to be formed of boards." This fence was never constructed. Messrs. Harris and Raynolds having about that time leased the west end of the lot and built a store room thereon, the ne- cessity of a fence, in the opinion of the commis- sioners, was obviated. The internal arrangement of the first floor of the court house was afterward materially changed. There was a partition in the south side, and between it and the outer wall was a small room occupied as a la\\yer's office. On the left was a broad stairway leading to the second story. There was no back stairway. The judge's stand was reduced in height and the prisoners' dock removed. V ONCE PROMINENT FAMILY OF CANTON. By Lew Slusser. There are many who remember Jacob Sala, of Canton, the pioneer druggist — ^apothecary, as it was called in early days. He had acquired a knowledge of the drug business in Germany, came to America soon after attaining his ma- jority, settled in Somerset, Pennsylvania, mar- ried a niece of General Morgan, of Revolution- ary fame, and united with the religious de- nomination known as Tunkers. In 1819, with a family of nine children, six boys and three girls, he left Somerset for Ohio. In crossing the mountains one of the boys fell from the wagon and was killed. On his arrival in Canton ]\Ir. Sala secured a two-story frame building owned b)- Jacob Schlosser, corner of Seventh and Public Square, on the same ground now owned by Durbin, \\'right & Company. He remained there two years, then purchased the property, a frame building, corner of Tuscarawas and Walnut, now known as the Winterhalter corner, where he continued in the drug business during the ISO OLD LANDMARKS remainder of his stay in Canton. The chil- dren of the family were John, Solomon, Sam- uel, Eli, Benjamin, Levi, Lena, Charlotte and Sophia. John assisted his father in the drug store until he attained his majority and for several years after. When he commenced business for himself he opened a confectionery and va- riety store in a small frame building on the ground now occupied by the Canton Hardware Store. As it did not pay well enough to sat- isfy his ambition, he engaged in different other pursuits for several years, when the idea struck him that the patent medicine business could be made lucrative, as there were millions in it. No sooner thought than determined on, he fixed up a compound which he dubbed "Sala's Ger- man Vegetable Elixir," the recipe for which he claimed to ha\e obtained from an old Ger- man medical book of his father. It was made of whiske}' (then twenty cents a gallon) and sugar, with a few aromatics, something like "Hostetter's Bitters." It was agreeable to take, had an exhilerating effect, and was popu- lar with the patients affected with any chronic ailment, as it made them temporarily feel bet- ter. It was put up in six-ounce bottles and retailed at fifty cents, affording a big profit. It was advertised extensively, depots established in dififerent parts of the country and had an extensive sale. From that time forward Jolm was called Doctor, and, imagining himself doc- tor on the principle of the faith cure, he estab- lished himself as a doctor in the village of Western Star. Medina county, and there died in the 'fifties, \vithout leaving either a fortune or fame. Solomon was considered the wise member of the family. He was early apprenticed to the printing business, to the Westliche Beo- bachter, a German paper then published in town, of which in time he became editor-in- chief. He was fond of controvers)-, but as the field in German did not give him sutificient scope to ventilate his quixotic notions, he sokl out anr! used the columns of the Ohio Repository. He was full of visionary schemes, and made several efforts to organize a company as a commune, but failing in tiiis united himself with the Zoar- ites, who were then in the zenith of their glory. How long he remained with them I am unable to state, but we next hear of liini in Allegheny, where he died without succession. Sam was the butt-cut of the family, not in the sense the term was used in the army, but rather as a butt without the cut. He didn't like to go to school and wasn't ctjnsitlered a;^ bright as the rest of the famil}-. He was apprenticed to the plastering trade, in time graduated, did. business on his own responsibility; married, moved to Illinois and was lost sight of. excepi. that friends learned of his death. Eli had a predeliction for sport. Kepi game fowls and had a trotting horse, the first of the kind Ml the town. The animal was a blue 'lunn with a black streak down the back. On pleas- ant evenings during the summer Eli would speed his trotter, riding him bareback from opposite the Lutheran church, on East Tus- carawas street, to Sterling's hill, eliciting the huzzas of the boys along the pavement. I don't know that the horse was ever timen was for tragedy. l:)ut as his memory was at fault he fretpiently stuck in the rendition of his part.- which rather impaired his reputation as a star performer. He studied medicine with Dr. Bre\'sacher. went west and set up in ])ractice CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 151 llrst in Iowa, afterwards in Illinois. Two of his sons enlisted during the war. Eli took his father and mother and with him they lived during the halance of their days. Eli died a number of years ago. Benjamin was in some respects the flower of the family. He was popular with all class- es, old and young, and had the good will of e\-eryone with whom he came in contact. He was cpiite a gymnast and did all the ground and lofty tumbling iov the jux'enile shows of his day. He could turn a handspring, or som- ersault forward and backward, equal to a pro- fessional. He learned the tailor trade, which was his life occupation, and in which he ac- cfuired the reputation of a skilled workman. He was a member of the Disciple church and some- times spoke in meeting. Several members of his family were good singers, and he had ac- quired the skill of imitating- with his \'oice the sound of a trombone. With this adjunct io the choir, the family tra\'eled and gave concerts several seasons under the name of the "Sala Family." Ben's last residence was in Toledo, w here he died se\-eral years ago, the last of the original family. Levi, the youngest of the lioys, was rather inclined to he wayward. His taste ran "in the direction of shows, and l)efore he attained man- hood followed one south. He ne\'er, to my knowledge, returned to Canton, l)ut for a num- ber of years !i\-ed in New (Jrleans, as an attache of a theatre. From there he drifted to Gal- A-eston, Texas, and engaged in the same busi- ness. Little is known of his career, only that he died some years ago. Two of his sons w^ere in the Rebel army, and the story is told by sur- viving members of the family that the two cousins on each side uf the contest met during the war at (h-een Ri\er, Kentucky, and had (|uite a chat on family matters. To one who had served in the army and knew how-- difficult it was to bring about such an event it would seem almost incredible, but "I tell the tale as 'twas told to me." Charlotte, the eklest daughter, married Sam McDaniel, the John L. Sullivan of Stark coun- ty, a butcher and noted pugilist. The ])articulars of the fights he had with the Rising Sun and the Cro.ss Keys on East Tuscarawas would make interesting reading matter for the columns of the Sporting Times. AlcDaniel went to Illi- nois and died there, after which Mrs. McDaniel removed to the home of her lirother. Solomon, in .Mlegheny, and there died about 1850. Lena married Andrew b'lliott, a fashional)le tailor, the first to exhibit a fashion plate in Can- ton. He was an active member of the Meth- odist church, of the emotional type, and occu- pied a seat in the "amen corner." He removed to Navarre, and there both he and his wife died, sometime m the 'forties. Sophia, the \'oungest of the girls — "the liird in the cage," as her father was in the habit of calling her, as well as the boys about the town in imitation — married a man I)y the name of McCulver, li^■e(l in .\kron and there died many years ago. Thus endeth the chapter from which the student of genealogical research would natural- ly conclude that at the same rate of increase it will not be many years until the name of Sala is lost. It may be proper to state that much of the infiirmation contained in this article I ob- tained in an interview with the widow of Ben- jamin Sala, now residing in Toledo. OLD-TIME HOTELS OF C.\NTON. By John Danner. The old tavern kcjjt by Jacob Hentzell on the northeast corner of Tuscarawas and Cherry streets, and known as "Travelers Rest." is still standing, but changes made in its facade in 152 OLD LANDMARKS adapting it to Imsiness uses have materially altered its appearance. Six or seven decades ago there were three other hotels on East Tus- carawas street between the Hentzell hotel and the public square. The first of them was con- ducted by Henry Slusser, in a two-story brick building which stood on the site of the present store of Hoeland & Heingartner; and the next was the American house, which was kept for many years b)- two veteran and competent land- lords. — first by Fred Hipp, who had received his early training as a hotelkeeper from the Hawk;', of the old Eagle hotel, mentioned in another of these reminiscent sketches. The American was a two-story frame structure, and was a building of considerable size, the same be- ing eventually replaced by a more modern building of brick, three stories in height. The next caravansery was located at the northwest corner of Tuscarawas and Walnut streets, be- ing a frame structure of two stories, and at the time of its destruction by fire, a few years ago, it was km iwn as the Max Elbin building. Since that time rather inferior buildings have occu- pied the ground. The writer's first recollec- tion concerning this last mentioned hotel date back tc) the time when it was conducted by John Clark. He was a gunsmith by trade. His son and namesake was a skillful drummer and finally enlisted for service in the Mexican war, from the close of which he passed but a brief interval of his life in Canton. John Black, Jacob Flohr and John D. Snyder kept hotel in this same building, presumably in the order named, the last mentioned having been longest in tenure. He also conducted a hotel for a time in the Hurford house building, prior to its enlargement to its present dimensions. John Black also subsequently kept hotel in the old .Abraham Lind house, a two-story brick, which stood on the site of the Central Savings Bank building, on the southwest corner of Tuscara- was street and Cleveland avenue. Next east of the "Tra\-elers" Rest" was the Hippee home. This building still stands, but has been radically changed, through its remodeling for business purposes. This stood about twenty-five feet distant from the Hentzell building, and the in- tervening space is now occupied by another frame building of two stories. George Hippee was a carpenter by trade, but in his later years conducted a grocery, the greater portion of the time at the northwest corner of Tuscarawas and Cherry streets. Next east of the Hippee house, where the driveway to the Wheeling & Lake Erie Rail- road passenger station is now, stood the resi- dence of the late Jacob Hane, while his tan- yard was located on the grounds now occupied by the depot mentioned, while across the rail- road tracks, on Saxton street, is the lot utilized as a tan-yard by Samuel D. Slusser. On the front of the lot stood the family residence, which is still standing, though radically changed in appearance. At the time when the four hotels to which reference has been made: were in operation, Christian Elane kept a hotel about one-fourth of a mile east of the present home of Hon. Joseph Frease, on East Tuscarawas street, ?Totels in and about Canton" in those days were much more numerous than they are today, but it is needless to say that the capacity and ac- commodations of the several taverns together would not equal that of a single one of our mod- ern hostelries. The writer recalls the time when there were five hotels between Canton and Massillon, and to these reference will be made on other pages of this volume. In this pioneer epoch Stark county had no railroad fa- cilities, and the Ohio canal constituted the great outlet for the farm produce of this and the sev- eral adjoining counties. Sixty years ago train after train of from five to ten wagons each could be seen passing through Canton transporting wheat to Massillon, whence the shipments were made by the canal, the town being then known colloquially as the Wheat City. From 1840 CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 153 until 1S44 the writer was in the employ of L. & S. Rawson, of that city, who were extensive merchants and wheat buyers, and well recalls the great number of wheat wagons that came filing into the town from both east and west, and the scene was indeed a busy one during the season when the wheat was transferred to the Axarehouses and to the canal boats. This was what aided ^•ery materially in sustaining the country taverns, for the farmers coming- through from Columbiana, Carroll, Jefferson and other counties had to secure food and shel- ter while on such pilgrimages. TANNING BUSINESS IN EARLY DAYS. By John D,\nner. With all our rejoicing at the growth and prosperity of Canton, we must confess to one "lost industry." and that is the tanning busi- ness. There have been in the history of our city seven tanneries or tan-yards; now there are none. Still standing on the southeast cor- ner oi Cherry and Third streets, and known to the most of our citizens as the Alexander woolen mills, is a building which was erected as a tannery by the late V. R. Kimball, who al one time was one of our most enterprising and successful merchants. The changes in the exterior of the building have not been very great, the main building being of brick, while the original power house was a frame addition at the rear, the same having long since been torn down. Probably the oldest tanyard was that of George Stidger, which is yet recalled by a few of the oldest citizens as having been located on the blvjck of lots on the north side of East Tus- carawas street, between Piedmont and Walnut streets, and this was probably the first to disap- pear. On the west corner of said block John Slusser, father of the late Dr. Lew Sltisser. had a store, and on the east corner was Clark's tavern, which stood for many years. Mr. Scroggs had a hat shop adjoining the Slusser property, said lot now being occupied by the three-story brick building of C. C. Snyder. In the middle of the block, formerly the site of the Stidger tannery, the late John Malline resided and conducted a grocery for many years. The two-story brick buildings which he there erect- ed are still standing. The third tanyard re- called by the writer was known as Fogle's, and was located on the east side of Walnut street, between Third and Fourth streets. The resi- dence built by William Fogle was on the north- east C(irner of Fourth and Walnut streets and is still standing, being a two-story brick build- ing. It was occupied for many years by the late Robert Latimer and family, while later tenants were Joseph Crevoisie, Sr., and David Sherrick. In 1864 the late Nicholas Bour jjurchased the property and took up his resi- dence there, while the house is still occupied by his children. The finu'th tannery was that of James Hazlett, and this \\as in operation for many years. It was located on the south side of .Seventh street, running from Piedmont to \\'alnut street. The main building was a two- stor_\- frame structure, located on the corner now occupied by Parr's brick blacksmith and wagon shop. Tanning- vats filled almost the entire lot. This building was afterward used for school purposes for a time, and in later \-ears was utilized as a wagon shop. The brick building several hundred yards northwest from the power house of the present city w ater works and occupied of late years as a brewery, was erected by the late William Christmas as a tannery, who there contiimed in this line of enterprise until his death, when a comparatively young man. He was also en- gaged in the mercantile business at the same time, and his death was considered a great loss to the community. At the time he built his tan- nerv he also constructed the dam that now 154 OLD LANDMARKS forms the htautil'ul little pniid cir lake in West- lawn cemetery, and du^ therefrom the race to his tannery, therehy utilizing the outlet of Mey- er's lake for ])o\ver in the grinding of bark. \V\s son, Willi.ini JI. Christmas, died shortly after the Ale.xican war, in which he was a par- ticijiant. Hane's tanyard was of more modern times. riiis tannery occupied a two-story frrnne building that stood on the site of the pres- ent Wheeling & Lake Erie railroad station, on b'ast Tuscarawas street. The proprietor. Jacob l.lane. will be remembered by nian_\- of our citi- zens. , He died several years ago. having lived retired for a l"ng period in his home on High street. The .Slnsser tannery was undoubtedly the last to be built in Canton and was also proiiably the last to abandon the industry here. It was built by b)lin Slusser and carried on in later years by his son. the late Samuel D. Slusser. This lallner^■ was likewise located on b'ast Tuscaraw.as street, immcdiatelv across the railroad track from the passenger station above mentioned, Saxtoii street separating this tan- yard from that df Air. Hane. The two-story frame building used for so many years by ]\Tr. .Slusser for tanning is still stanchng on the original site, and is fitted u]) for residence pur- ])oses. 'i'he one-storv brick building, facing on Tuscarawas street, that had been used as a resi- dence by Samuel D. Slusser, is also standing. .■ind is used for various purposes. Of the seven owners of lanyards, as noted in this connection, all except Mr. 1 lane had also been merchants in C"anton Mr. Kimball did a \ery large busi- ness and finall\- built the store room now used by George 11. Span.gler, on the east side of South Market street square. The building was considered at the time of its erecticMi a mam- moth affair. .\n addition has since been made at the rear. Init the front remains almost the same as it was at the time of erection. James Tlazlett kei)t store fur many years in the building on the southeast corner of the pub- lic .square, and known as tl]e McKinley block. Mr. Ilazlett was the fir>t lu build there, the original building having been a twt)-story brick structure, running south as far as the present .\ndrews l)akery. On the site of this bakery st(jod a t\\i>-stiir\' frame l)uilding. whicii was used by Mr. Ilazlett as a wareroom in cmmec- tion with his st(jre. The storeroom on the cor- ner was not quite as wide as that miw occupied by Mr. Sweitzer's bank, and the balance of the bm'lding was used by Mr. Hazlett as a residence. After the property passed into the hamls of Messrs. .Saxton and .McKinley the building was extended south U\ the Eockius building and all made three st(iries in height, since which time it has been known as the McKinley block. I'"(ir some time after Mr. Hazlett retired from the mercantile business the store room was not oc- cupied. In 1840 the writer of this sketch rent- ed said roiini from Mr. Hazlett and had it en- larged, and then moved from Massillon tr> Can- ton and Continued in liusiness in this location for ten years, when the l)usiness was sold ti^ two former clerks in the store. Messrs. Meyer and Fisher, who there continued the mercantile en- terprise for a number of years. The store of William Christmas \\a- in a one-story frame building that stood about where the east entrance to the present court house is located, anrl the late Isaac Harter. Sr.. \v?s his most reliable beljier. ( leorge Stidgei' had his store near the middle of the east side "i the public scpiare. and William l'"o,gle'~ store was on the northeast ci irnei' of the i)ublic .--quarc. the budding ha\'in.g been an ordinar\' two-story frame. < « » CANTO .\ IX Till-: \\\K Ol' iSij. \'>y JOHN Dannkh. Along from iNio to iXi_> the Indian- were (]uite troublesome along our northwestern bor- ders, and our pioneers were in constant jeo|)- ardv from this source, while (ireat r.rit'ain CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 33 sliowed lier sympathy w itli the Indians, so that in June. 1S12. war was declared against Great Britain, wliile prior to this time an act of con- gress authorized an increase in our regular army of thirty-five thousand men, many volun- teers coming forward. L'nder this act Gov- ernor R. J. Meigs, tiien chief executive of the state of Ohio, raised three regiments of troops to serve twelve months, their headquarters be- ing at Dayton. Duncan AIcArthur was colonel of the h'irst, James Findlay of the Second, L.ewis Cass of the Third Regiment. A fourth regiment came from Urhana, under the com- mand of Colonel Miller, who liad been a partici- l)ant in the battle of Tip])ecanoe. About the mil Idle of June this little army of t\\enty-fi\e Innulred men. under ciimmand of (leneral William Hull, governor of Michigan, started toward the northwestern part of the state, landing on the Mauniee river and having" erected Forts McArtluu\ Necessity and Find- lay. By carelessness on the part of the gov- ernment no official word had been sent to the frontier regarding the war, while the Britisli liad taken advantage of tiiis oversight by mak- ing ready to take our men Ijy storm. While on the borders of tiie Maumee the personal ef- fects of our army fell into the hands of the enemy, and that campaign ended in demoraliz- ing the army and in ignominious defeat, greatly discouraging further efforts for a time. As nearly as can be ascertained. Canton was at that time the headquarters for the Third Regi- ment of the Second Brigade of the Fourth Di- vision of Ohio militia. W'hen a call for troops was issued (ieorge Stidger. who had seen mili- tary service in the east and had been honored with the title of general, was made captain of the Canton company. There were not enough NoKinteers and consecpiently a draft was made, while one hundred dollars was the standard price for substitutes, and tlie company was thus enabled to bring its membership up to alxnit seventy-five men. After some research the fol- lowing list of names was obtained b\' the third auditor of the L'nited States treasury : (jeorge Stidger, captain: Robert Cameron, lieutenant; Daniel McClure, ensign; John Miller. John Shorb. William \'. Chamberlain. Christian hdickinger. sergeants; John Rowland, Ge(.)rge Cribbs, Jacob Fssig, Closes Andrews, corpor- als; Thomas Neily. bugler; and tlie following prixates: Ezekiel .Vlexanrler, William An- drews. Thomas .'\lexander. William Brouse. John (iutchall ( ])robably (jotchall). John dinger, George Crasimore. John Carper, Ben- jamin Croninger, Garret Crusen, Alexander Cameron, Samuel Duck, (jeorge Dew alt. Adam Fssig. John Elder. Daniel Farber. James (irafi:'. Thomas (iraft", 'Jhomas Hurf<:ir(l. John Kroft. John Koontz, ( ieorge Kirkpatrick. Flenry Li\'- ingston, Samuel McClelland, George Monroe, Jacob Afyers, James Moore, John Potts, Samud Patttjn, John Risey. Jacob Myers. James Aloore. John Potts, John Rogers, Abraham Ro(_)se. James Riddle, John Risey, Jacob Swigert, John Slusser, William Smith. Daniel Stephens, Thomas Shields. John Shineberger. Jacob Slus- ser, Robert Sorrels and Bezaleel Thompson. It is not known whether this was the list when the)' enlisted or when ihev were mustered out. Captain Stidger"s company camped for sev- eral weeks at Wooster. where there was a block house. Finally the company received or- ders to go forward toward the ?klaumee. to a point near where the village of Perrysburg is located. They remained there for some time, but saw no active service and were finall\' musterefl out. I'or some time after this they often met for drill and parade, feeling that there might still come a sudden call for tliem to de- fend their homes and countr\-. but tliat time did not come to them as an organization. After the war of 1S12 militia trainings or musters were much in \-ogue and each season were lield until about the middle of the last centur\-, when the\- were gi\en up. These an- nual gatherings brought a good many ])eo])Ie 156 OLD LANDMARKS from all parts of the county ; the place of meet- ing was most frequently in Canton, although quite often they met at Osnaburgh and a few other towns in the county. When they as- sembled in Canton the Stidger ten-acre field was the usual place of meeting and drilling. This tract then consisted of a field beginning at the southwest corner of Seventh and Wells streets, running south to South street, west to Clarion, then north to Seventh street and east to Wells street. No buildings were then lo- cated on this large tract of beautiful land ex- cept a barn, which stood for a number of years near the entrance corner, Seventh and Wells streets. Along the upper and west line of said field was quite a long row of wild cherry trees, which afforded shelter from the sun. Among the prominent men who todk part in these parades was Gen- eral Jolm Augustine. of Osnalnirgh township, and Captain George Krieghbaum, of T,ake township. The two-story brick building in wliich the latter lived is still standing, about one mile east of Greentown. Colonel Cribbs, of Canton, was also more or less conspicuous in those early military trainings. Then there was ^Villiam Beals, who was particularly interested in the cavalry department. He was by trade a harnessmaker and had his shop on the same lot which is now occupied iiy tlie First Meth- odist Episcopal church. He removed finally to Fort Wayne, Indiana, where he passed the re- mainder of his life. After Mr. Beals retired from the liarness business on the corner of Cleveland a'-enue and Tuscarawas street, the late John Euckius took possession of the prop- erty and there continued in the same line of business for many years. Among the bpys who gathered to see the military training and parades the writer recalls J. Sweeney. W. H. Chapman, William Mc- Curdy, John S. Saxton. William Hartzell, Charles Burr, F. R. ]\Iyers. Lewis Slusser, Will- iam Hartman, Alcnias Lohr, D. J. Begges. Ed- ward Drayton, J. Patton and many others, all except two or three of whom have passed to the other world. The great Stidger field is now- all closely built up with comfortable and beau- tiful houses, with intersecting streets and beau- tiful shade trees. The change is wonderful and still the change continues from year to year, representing, it is to be hoped, a tending to- ward the better and higher life, so that oiu' progress may ever be onward and upward. CANTON'S FIRST FIRE ENGINE. By John Danner. The first fire engine used in Canton was the "Phoenix," which was purchased about 1822. The next engine brought here was tlie "Fairmount," which was introduced in 1830. The late William Christmas, one of the lead- ing merchants in Cantun at that time, was delegated by tli6 village authorities to buy said engine. It had been used a short time in the city of Philadelpliia. but was practicallv as good as nev\- when brought here, and while it was much larger than the "Phcenix," antl had a doul)le tier of brakes, the "Phanix" having but one, it required a much larger force of men to move and operate the second engine than tlie first, therefore tlie new engine never became po])ular among the people. It was good for dis- play and dress parade and made a fine appear- ance, ])ut for real efficiency and practical use it never was consitlered a success. Neither of these engines was a suction en- gine. All the water thrown by either of them had to be introduced into the reservoir by means of buckets, pumping or other primitive meth- ods. Under this condition of things the town council had passed an ordinance requiring every freeholder to lie provided with fire buckets. These were made of sole leather, tall but nar- row, and held about as much as the ordinary CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 157 water bucket. The name of the owner, and sometimes fancy decorations, were painted on these buckets, and they were kept in some con- venient place, so that at the first alarm of lire they were accessible. A few of the old leathern buckets are yet in the possession of the descendants of some of our pioneers. At the time of the burning of the old jail, which stood on the same block of lots now occupied b}' the Yohe hotel, on North Mar- ket street. Canton experienced what was con- sidered a great fire, this being about the year 1833. The building was constructed of a double tier of heavy logs and a frame construction out- side of this, so there w^as much combustible ma- terial in the building, this being added to by the material in the carpenter shop which was there conducted by Thomas Cunningham. All citizens were supposed to be in line to supply the engine with water, boys and wo- men in the empty-bucket line and able-bodied men in the line along which the filled buckets were passed. Upon the occasion noted a few men who were lookers on and refused to go into the line so angered the man in charge of the nozzle that he turned the w^ater upon them for a few moments, soon sending them away well drenched, and no further refusals for such vol- unteer service were heard of for some time afterward. Joseph S. Saxton has furnished an old record of 1836, in which the following- names appear in connection with the personnel of the fire department of that time, the occupa- tion of each being subjoined for the purpose of more ready identification at the present : Firemaster, Dr. Harmon Stidger; axmen, S. A. Stout, Samuel Petree (weaver), Henry Slusser (hotelkeeper) ; laddermen : Daniel Hil- bert (carpenter), John C. Bockius (shoe deal- er), George Dunbar, Jr. (chairmaker), John Hoover (carpenter) ; bookmen, Samuel Slus- ser (tanner), Daniel Gottshall (printer), Sam- uel Lahm (attorney), J. D. Brown (attorney). linemen; Abraham Lind (carpenter), John Shorb (merchant), John Slusser (merchant), J. G. Lester (hardware dealer), Martin Wiki- da! (merchant). Every citizen of those times was recognized as a fireman, or at least it was expected of him to work assiduously and un- varyingly at every fire, as if that were his only business. The first suction engine used in Canton was the "Rescue," which was brought here in 1855, and soon a well-drilled company was organized to care for the same and see that it was put in good use on all occasions of fire. The late R. Allison Dunbar and Thomas W. Saxton were the first two captains of said company, on whose membership roll appear many old and fa- miliar names, but the list is too long to be con- sistently entered in this connection. A few of the members are still living, but the great ma- jority have passed away. The next suction en- gine that was brought here was the "Washing- ton," in 1859, and of the company in charge of the same many will remember that the late Christian Oberly was captain. He took a. great interest in the fire department and his company often engaged in contests with other towns in the trial of their machines, and quite a number of medal? and trumpets were secured as tro- phies in this way and are retained in the pos- session of his grandson, Charles L. Oberly, of this city. Upon these are inscribed the dates of the contests, thus marking the time of the several \ictories of Captain Oberly and his men. The late John Snyder was for a long time first lieutenant and Peter Roemhill second lieutenant. On one occasion Captain Oberly was badly beaten and as badly disgusted. This was shortly after the completion of the Canton water works system. The company was anx- ious to make a display of its ability to make its engine cope with the new system. The com- pany turned out in fine spirits and attached its suction hose to one of the public hydrants 158 OLD LANDMARKS and the word was given to turn on the water, but the pressure w as so great that it burst the connecting hose ot the engine and the water went in all directions to the dismay and discom- fort of the captain and his excellent company. There was another small suction engine in use for a time, known as the "Stark," but it has been impossible to learn the exact time of its introduction. The late Z. P. Bowen was cap- tain of the company which handled this engine, which was sold about thirty years ago, to the citizens of Orrxille. Ohio, whereupon the Can- ton company in charge of the same was dis- banded. For so small an engine it was con- sidered a very good one. Tile first steam lire engine was introduced in Canton in iS68, the same having been pur- chased largely through the efforts of the late Louis Schafer. and the same was therefore named in his lionor. It is still in the possession of the city. The second steamei" was brought here in 1880 antl was called the "Daniel Wor- lev" and this is kept in the central engine house. while the "Louis Schafer" is stationed in hose house No. 2. Both of these engines are avail- able for use at any time. Imt the present ef- fective water system and fire department of the city almost entirelx do away with the use of the steamers. Chemical engines w'ere first intro- duced here in 1885 and lia\e proved so useful in the first stages of a fire that it is not probable they will be dispensed with. After the water works were established, '.ib(jut thirty years ago. and numerous hose houses were located in the various parts of the city, it soon de\eloped that we could not rel\- upon fire ])rotection by \olunteer compan- ies, as in early times, and therefore a i>aid fire department became necessary. Through the maintenance of the same, with the e.xcellent facilities provided, it is believed that Canton has- as good fire i)rotection as any city of com- parative population. WHAT R.\JLRO.\DS HAVE DONE FOR CANTON. By Lkw Slusser. In 1850, somewhat more than a half century ago, we had no railroad in Canton, and our only outlet for produce was via the Ohio canal, jMassillon being the chief shipping point, as has been stated in i)receding articles. Considerable produce was broug'ht in and shipped from Na- varre and Canal FuUon, but our neighbors in Massillon had the boom at that time and the town was righth' designated as the "\\dieat City." Our merchants in Canton in getting their supplies from the east had to transport them by way of the canal to Massillon and thence overland to their destination, or ha\e them hauled from P'ittsburg by such teamsters as Barry Goodin and John Sell. The latter meth- od involved a heavy rate of freight charges, while six or seven days were required to make the trip. The writer, looking from the w indow of his residence, at the corner of Tenth and Market street, can scarcely realize how great ha\e l;een the changes since the Pittsburg, Fort \\'ayne & Chicago Railroad w as first completed in J 852, while other roads have entered the city since that time. i\e\erting to the appearance of the city at that Inue, it may be .'^aid that the south line of the xillage corporation was South street. On the southeast corner of that street and Market street resided E. C. Patterson and family, in a one-sory building, jiartly brick and partly frame. On the opposite corner, the southwest corner of South and Mar- ket, lived Peter Shorb, the industrious cooper, m a small frame house. Be- vond this corner at that time on the west side of Market street w'as the Raynolds field of about ten acres, used for agricultural purposes. On the east side tliere was no house beyond that of Mr. Patterson on Market street until CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 159 was reached tliat of Adam Kininiel, the gunsmith. Ho li\ ed in a two-story frame house, about tlie site of the present home of John Class, while his barn stood about one hundred feet far- ther .-uuth and als(/ fronted on Market street. CJn the i)pposite side of Market street, there were no houses until near the present store of the Melchoirs. 81 1 South Market street. A lit- tle neirth. of this Irication stood a two-story frame house, which was in turn occupied by a inimber of different families. The residence ai 806 South Market street, owned and occupied for man}- years by Mrs. Elizabeth Melchoir, was the nrst home for a long time previously of a \ery i)eculiar old woman In- the name of Frederica I'iegner. For years the boys would tease This old lady by going past her house and whistling vigorously. For some reason this indulgence on the part of any person passing her domicile would cause her to grow greatly excited and if they did not mo\-e on very quickly, she was certain to appear at her door and gi\e ihem a relentless "tongue lashing" for their conduct. The boys learned of this weak- ness and often improved the opportunity to an- noy the old woman, so that the entire village lM?eame acquainted with the facts. After leav- ing the house mentirmed no others were south of ;it on either side of the street until the farm hou.se of Dr. Willett was reached. This property was iifterward purchased b}- the late Peter Hoiisel. and soon after the ad\ent of the rail- road this fami was platted into town lots, and the old two-store frame dwelling was removed over to Navarre street, just west of McKinle}- a Venue and on the south side of the street. The present residence on the original site of this was erecfted afterward and \vas occupied by the Hijusel famil}- until after the death of Peter Housel, and later by H. W. Thomas. " :'At that time tliere were still visible all ^lc»iag past the Willett farm to the creek, evi- dence of the old canal tliat was finished a num- bi?f'.iit Aears before, but ne\'er used or e\'en hlled with water. On South Cherry street at that time there were no houses south of the present railroad track, except the John Hane farm house, while the large barn stood on the opposite site of Cherry street. The old farm house is still extant, south of Plane street. This entire farm is^now built up, having been sold in town lots very soon after the railroad was an assured thing. John Hane was active as a Christian worker in the early history of the E\-angeIical church, on East Fourth street, and ga\e very freely in support of the cause. His son John removed to Marion, Ohio, and became one of the leading bankers of that city, acctx- mulating a large fortune. He died a few years' ago. \'ery soon after the railroad became an as- sured fact, Ephraim Ball and Cornelius Ault- man came here and located on the site of the present Aultman works. Other manufacturers were also attracted here. Wheat buying began and the exodus of trade from Canton to Mas- sillon gradually ceased. The three or four ho- tels which had prex'iouslv conducted a profitable business along the highway between the two towns began to feel the loss of their trade and one by one they were closed as places of public entertainment. A few years after the first rail- road passed througji Canton others came in, and a \ariety of manufactories began to spring up. The town began to grow in population and to enlarge its borders, while the old corporate lines are almost forgotten, and the future of the city is most auspicious. Canton is now much larger than Massilloii, but it is gratifying to note the fact that the "Wheat City" has not gone backward, though its business is quite radically changed. With the loss of the produce l)usiness to the town, other avenues of enterprises were opened. Rich deposits of coal have been found-and been prop- erly developed, and through this source the prosperity of the citv has been enhanced in later vears, while manufacturing' and commercial en- l6o OLD LANDMARKS terprises of wide scope and importance have been there built up. It is true of Massillon, as of Canton, that it is surrounded by one of the best agricuhural sections in the state. Both cities have business men, manufacturers and capital- ists who are in the front rank, so that the march of progress is certain to continue, the places being now connected by electric railways, with suburban residences springing up in both direc- tions, while the relations between the two mu- nicipalities are most friendly, and it is not diffi- cult to imagine that when another fifty years shall have passed the two will be practically one great city. It is certain that neither Canton or Massillon would consent to give up the railroads and go back to the slow-moving canal boats, the Conestoga wagons, with six-horse teams and the stage coaches, or do without the modern fa- cilities of electricity in its various applications, as in the olden days. The world does move; let us move with it, and we should strive to im- prove the goodly heritage allotted to us. CANTON'S FIRST MAYOR. By John Danner. The old two-story frame residence that stood for so many years on the northeast corner of Tuscarawas and Dewalt streets, was occu- pied for a long time by John Myers and family, and about 1850 he sold the property to Dr. Brackebush, who resided there a number of years, and up to the time of his death. He had an extensive practice and was well known throughout the county. In later years the property was purchased by Dr. J- M. B}-e, who erected the fine brick residence now standing on the lot. John Myers, after selling this property, moved across the street into the brick house in which Dr. E. O. Morrow now has his office, and there he lived until his death, in 1856. He was the father of Henry H. Myers and also of Hiram Myers, who at one time kept the Franklin hotel, which was the original part of the old Hurford house. At that time it was a two-story brick building, occupying less than one-fourth of the ground covered by the Hur- ford hotel. At one time he was also engaged in merchandising. John Myers was also the father of Frank R. Myers, who was so long known as general ticket and passenger agent for the railroads in this part of Ohio, and who later removed to Athens, Tennessee, where he is still living at the time of this writing. An- other son was Dr. \Villiam Myers, who had quite an extensive practice at Sandy ville, twelve miles south of Canton, where he died at the age of thirty-eight years. John Myers had two daughters, — Lydia, who married Philip F. Geisse, of Wellsville, Ohio; and Pauline, who died at the age of eighteen years. John Myers came to Canton in 1810. He was an intelligent and active citizen, was en- gaged to a considerable extent in farming and stock-growing, and gave some attention to politics. He was the first mayor of Canton, and he had his executive office in a small frame building which he erected on what is now com- monly known as the Upham property, west of Dewalt street, while he also used this office for other business purposes. Shortly after coming to Canton Mr. Myers entered claim to three quarter-sections of land southwest of the village. One of these he sold to George Stidger, and the quarter sec- tion west of the Stidger place was known for many years as the Vogelgesang farm. In the early days of Mr. Myers' residence in Canton he was appointed clerk of the courts, and in 1820 he was elected a member of the Ohio legislature, serving two terms. Through his influence while a member of this body George Stidger and Thomas Hurford were appointed associate judges of the court of common pleas. At the time of the failure of Bezaleel Wells, HIGH SCHOOL BUILDING, CANTON. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. i6i John Myers purchased at sheriff's sale the tract of land lying south of South street and west of rium street (now knowii as McKinley avenue) and running west to the creek, securing the prop- erty at seven and one-half dollars an acre. Af- terwards Henry H. Myers bought this property at forty dollars an acre. The block of lots on which the McKinley avenue public school is now located is a part of this tract. At one time Henry H. Myers sold the property to be used for burial purposes, in connection with the old cemetery which lies north of it. Quite a ninnter of interments were made there, but after the opening of Westlawn cemetery and other larger cemeteries that block was aban- doned for burial purposes, the remains there interred bemg removed elsewhere, wliile the old burying ground north of the Myers ad- dition is now a nice little park. It was never wholly given over to cemetery purposes. The block was left to the citizens of Canton for burial purposes, and therefore no effort has lieen made to remove all the graves. It is well cared fof and serves the double purpose of a resting place for many of our early citi- zens and as an attractive little park. The writer can well remember the time when we seldom saw a hearse on the streets. It was the custom in the early history of Canton, when the old cemetery was the general place of burial, to carry the dead on a bier borne on the shoulders of four men. In case the corpse was heavy or the distance greater than usual they would often have two sets of bearers, to relieve each other. To see such a funeral procession passing through our streets tiiday would attract everybody's attention. The same plan was followed in connection with the Lutheran, German Reformed and Catholic cemeteries, all of which were well within the present city corporation. At the time that Henry H. Myers sold the block referred to for cemetery purposes a large barn stood about the site of the present McKinley avenue school 10 building. This was removed by Mr. Myers to the southeast corner of Seventh and Dewalt streets and is at the present time used as a' livery stable, but for some time after its re- moval to the present site it was used in con- nection with the lumber business. At that time Henry H. Myers occupied the entire block where the postofifice and Odd Fellows hall now stand. In connection with his lum- ber business, which was quite extensive in those days, Mr. Myers also kept a general store for a number of years, in the Cassilly block. The records, so far as the writer has been able to discover, indicate that John Myers was born in Maryland, in 1774, and that he came fo Canton in 1810, his death here occurring in 1856. His mother was a noble Christian woman and lived with him in Canton until his marriage, after which she made her home with her daughter, Mrs. Gibson, at Minerva, this county. She was eighty-three years of age at the time of her death. CANTON'S OLDEST HOTEL. By John Dannek. The old Hurford hotel building, which stood for so many years at the corner of Tus- carawas and Court streets and which remained as a familiar landmark until a short time ago, when it was torn down to make way for the ]M-esent fine modern structure on the site, had been vacant for some time previously, having been condemned for hotel purposes. In 1 814 George Stidger erected the first two-story brick building on this site, and there he kept a hotel for a short time, but during the greater portion of his residence in Canton he lived on the east side of the north public square. He was the father of Mrs. Harriet Whiting, also of the late Mrs. J. G. Lester and of O. P. l62 OLD LANDMARKS and John Stidger, the latter of whom removed to CaHfornia a number of years ago and there passed the remainder of his hfe. After Mr. Stidger retired from the hotel business the same building was used as a hotel, under the ownership of Jacob and Henry Troup. They were brothers of Mrs. John Graham and un- cles of Mrs. L. Renick, both well known to Cantonians. After the Troup regime the hotel passed into the hands of Martin Lohr, who was one of Canton's pioneer merchants. He there- after occupied the entire building until his death, utilizing the front corner room for his store and the remainder of the house as his residence. After his death his nephew, Hiram Myers, kept a store in the same room for some time, after which he again converted the build- ing into a hotel, calling the same the Franklin' house. He built up a good business and was finally succeeded by John D. Snider, who re- tained the same name to the hotel. After that Hatcher & Ellison bought the property and added another story to the building and ex- tended the same somewhat farther north on Court street and west on Tuscarawas street, making quite an attractive three-story hotel building for those days. After the original St. Cloud hotel, on the site of the present First Methodist Episcopal church, was destroyed by fire, in 1858, the pro- prietors, Buckius & Hawk, bought out the firm of Hatcher & Ellison, of the Franklin house, and there continued in the hotel business for a number of years, changing the name to the St. Cloud hotel, by which title the old Hurford block was familiar to the older residents of Canton for many years. A few years after this the property was purchased by Alexander Hurford and the late Peter P. Trump, who leased the hotel to Thomas Nelson, who con- tinued the business, retaining the name of St. Cloud. Later on the hotel was leased by Henry H. Geeting and John Faber, but they were not experienced hotel men and did not long continue the enterprise, which proved a failure. After this the hotel was conducted for some time by Mr. Gillett, who was suc- ceeded by Mr. Cook, who had an excellent rep- utation as a hotel man, and he did a success- ful business there for a number of years. He was succeeded by E. D. Ely, who continued to run the hotel for a longer period than had any of his predecessors. After he gave up the house Alexander Hurford was at a loss to secure the right kind of a man to take the property, and though he kept the house open, depending en- tirely on hired help, this was not satisfactory, and finally he was fortunate in securing the interposition of E. Barnett, who soon revived the business. But the hopes of Mr. Hurford in having thus secured a satisfactory tenant were of brief duration, as the owners of the hotel building on the southeast corner of Cherry and Tuscarawas streets ofifered Mr. Baniett much better financial inducements and agreed to call the hotel the Barnett. and Mr. Barnett accepted their proposition. This again left Mr. Hurford without a landlord, and he then went to Wheeling, West Virginia, and arranged with Edward Norton to come and take charge of the hotel. A few years later John A. Simons became landlord of the Hurford, and he \Aas in time succeeded by Herman Kuhns, who conducted the hotel un- til it was closed for hotel purposes, on the ist (^f October. 1899, and thereafter it remained vacant until it was finally dismantled to make way for the new building. It will be seen from the foregoing record that the first walls of this hotel were put up by George Stidger, the original building being only two stories. The first enlargement was made by Hatcher & Ellison, the structure be- ing made three stories in height throughout. In 1883 Alexander Hurford became satisfied that the iDuilding should be still further en- larged and raised to four stories. Mr. Trump, who was associated with him in the ownership CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 163 of the property, would not consent to the further enlargement, and therefore Mr. Hur- for.d purchased his interest and made the im- provement desired, extending the building west and north and bringing it to four stories in height. It is not within the province of the writer to say whether or not the condemna- tion of the building for hotel purposes was just or unjust, but the very fact that the walls of the main corner were put up as early as 1814 and that seventy years thereafter the walls should be run up to four stories made many look upon the building as unsafe. After the building was raised to four stories the hotel was known as the Hurford house, and from that time to the present Canton has had no St. Cloud hotel, a name familiar to the old-timers. AN OLD-TIME HOTEL MAN OF CANTON. By John Dannkk. Canton has had some veteran hotelkeepers, among the number being George Dewalt, Wil- liam Hawk, Sr., and Samuel Stover, but prob- ably none of them served longer in that capac- ity than did Frederick Hipp, who died here about a decade ago. A few of the older citi- zens will remember Mr. Hipp as a young lad when he started as an errand boy at Hawk's hotel, in Canton, at once showing faithfulness and ability in the duties assigned to him. He was for a. time with Samuel Hawk as clerk of the American house in Massillon. After the death of William Hawk, Sr., Mr. Hipp re- turned to Canton and assisted m conducting the Eagle or Hawk hotel, after which he was for about two years in charge of the Ameri- can house at Wooster. Thence he removed to Bolivar, Tuscarawas county, where he erected a new' hotel, to which he gave the name of the Amgrjcan house. He conducted the same suc- cessfully about fourteen years and established a reputation of keeping one of the best hotels in this section of the state, his place being very popular with the traveling public. After leav- ing the hotel at Bolivar Mr. Hipp returned to Canton and purchased the American house in this place. This hotel was at that time a large two-story frame building which stood on the site of the present Stuart furniture store, on East Tuscarawas street. The hotel had been formerly conducted for a number of years, in turn, by Samuel Stover, John D. Snider and others, and when Mr. Hipp came into posses- sion the hotel lost none of its good reputation, but on the contrary it grew in favor with the traveling public. After a few years of pros- perous business in this building Mr. Hipp de- cided to erect a three-story brick building to replace the old frame structure which had been in service for so many years. This project he carried to successful completion, and the fine building which he erected on the site is likely to stand for many years, although it is now given up for hotel purposes, being well filled with business houses and other occupants, and being one of the substantial blocks of the city. After the erection of this new building, to which the name of American house was re- tained, the hotel continued for more than twenty years to be known as one of the best in northern Ohio. About fifteen years ago Mr. Hipp retired from the business and thereafter resided with his family at 235 North Walnut street until his death, his wife also dying there. Their daughter, Mrs. A. R. Miller, now oc- cupies this homestead. Frederick Hipp was born in Germany, in 1823, and was a mere lad at the time of his parents" emigration to America in 1830. The family came to Ohio and located in Zoar, Tus- carawas county, and from that village he came to Canton to enter the employ of William Hawk, Sr., as before noted. Of Mr. Hawk's hotel enterprise mention has been duly made in 164 OLD LANDMARKS a preceding article. In 1848 Mr. Hipp married Miss Katherine Reefer, who proved a most competent and worthy helpmate to him in his chosen life work. Frederick Hipp was an ac- tive and much respected member of the First Reformed church in Canton ; his daily walk and conversation indicated the Christian gen- tleman, and he kept an orderly temperance house and set the example of being a temper- ance man himself. He held various offices of trust in his church and was much loved by the congregation. No one that thoroughly knew Mr. Hipp would suspect him of any mean or unworthy deed. He was honest, truthful and reliable in all his business and daily inter- course with men, and in this is involved the real test of good citizenship. Frederick Hipp was among our best citizens and ever frowned upon any effort to force evil upon his fellow men. 4 « » ONE HUNDRED YEARS AGO. By John Danner. It harillv seems possible that one hundred vears ago the Tuscarawas river, which was then called the Upper Muskingum, marked the line of civilization in Ohio. The river was the boundary line which practically separated the few white settlers in the state from Indians, who still stalked through the dim forest aisles. At that time the red men still retained posses- sion of the territories west of the Tuscarawas river, and their garb and customs were but slightly changed, if any, by the encroachments of the white settlers. Because of their pres- ence the tijwnships of Sugar Creek, Bethlehem, Perry, Tuscarawas and Lawrence were not sur- veyed as early as were the townships in the central and eastern parts of Stark county. Since that time Frankhn and Green townships have been segregated from Stark county to f(jrm a part of Summit county. The early settlement of the western part of Stark county was not initiated until 1810, while the central and eastern portions were settled somewhat earlier. Canton township was set- tled as early as 1805. Prior to that time the county was held as a portion of Jefferson coun- ty, and up to that time the land office for this section was located at Steubenville. James F. Leonard came here in 1805 in company witi: James and Henry Barber, and settled a little north of the present center of the city of Can- ton, probably in the vicinity of what is known as Crystal park. The town of Kendall was set- tled before the present city of Massillon was thought of. This town or village of Kendall now forms one of the wards in the northeastern part of Massillon. Before the construction of the Ohio canal no settlement existed in what is now the center of Massillon. About the time the canal was located and completed it at once opened the way for a new and enterprising town to be located on the site of the present thriving city of Massillon. In farther evidence of this fact we reproduce at this point an adver- tisement which appeared in the Ohio Repository of Canton, under date of March 22, 1826. TOWN OF MASSILLON. The proprietors are now laying out and ofter for sale lots in tlie new town of Massillon, situated on the Ohio canal at the intersection of the great road lead- ing from I'ittsbnrg westwardly through New Lisbon, Canton, W'ooster and IMansHeld. It is very conveniently and pleasantly situated on the east side of the Tus- carawas or JMuskingntn river, in the midst of one of the most wealthy and fertile wheat-growing districts in the state of Ohio. It occupies both banks of the canal, having a large and commodious basin near the center of the town, with a large number of warehouse lots laid out adjoining, so as to render it peculiarly cori- venient for conmiercial business. The prices of the lots and terms of payment may be known liy applying to Alfred Kelly, acting canal commissioner ; James Dun- can, one of the proprietors, who resides in that town ; or John Saxton, agent tor the proprietors, in Canton Very soon men of enterprise and liusiness capacity iiegan to settle in Massillon and butid CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 165 warehouses, store-rooms and other buildings, and soon the town estabHshed its reputation as the "Wheat City" in this section of the state. Among the early and enterprising citizens of the new town may be named L. and S. Rawson, M. D. and H. B. Welhnan, Jesse Rhodes, C. M. Russell and brothers, the Folgers, the John- sons, Hurxthals, Thomas S. Webb, John H. ]\IcLain and others. Petry township was surveyed and named but a few months after the victory of the Uni- ted States forces under command of Commo- dore 01i\er H. Perry on Lake Erie, and there- fore the township was named in his honor. /\mong tlie early settlers of Kendall, Massillon and vicinity the names of a few others occur to the writer and may be consistently entered at this point: W^illiam Henry Arvine Wales, grandfather of Arvine Wales, who is still a resident of Massillon ; Thomas and Charity Rotch and Aaron and Ambrose Chapman. It was through the beneficence of Charity Rotch that the charity school north of Massillon was established, the institution being one that has done much good and is still continuing to do so. The Rotches and many others of the early settlers were Quakers and at one time they had a Quaker meeting house in Kendall, but none has been there of late years. In those early days there were very few houses between Can- ton and Massillon, or rather Kendall. Most of the intervening country was what was called plains land, there being no heavy timber but a dense growth of saplings in various localities, the same averaging from ten to twenty feet in height, while hazel liushes and other under- brush were much in evidence. Among the first houses built along tlie road were several coun- try taverns, which have been described in a pre- •vious article of this series. The original road between Canton and Massillon took a more de- vious course than at present. At what is now Hazlett avenue, in Canton, the road turned to the right and came by way of the present West- lawn cemetery and thence via the present Clar- endon avenue school house and coming out at the place now known as Reedurban. There was no house or cleared land after leaving the Jacob Smith farm until the present Reedurban was reached. There was, howe\-er, a cluster of buildings to the north of the road at Buck hill, where Thomas Whipple now resides. That farm was known in early days as the tobacco farm, the entire tract of land being devoted to the growing of tobacco, while the buildings mentioned were used for the storing of the product until sent to market. About sixty-five years ago they had in Massillon a race horse that became quite celebrated, the same being known as "the Massillon mare." Joseph Laza- rett and other sporting men took a great interest in the success of their favorite and popular racer. A half-mile race track was estaljlished midway between Canton and Mas- sillon, and at certain seasons great crowds would gather there from the two towns to wit- ness the speed contests, and it was generally the case that the Massillon mare would carry off the first prize. Old Uncle Dan Dewalt, of Canton, was one of those who always took much interest in these contests. The racing fever soon attacked some of the horse dealers in Canton, and another circuit track was es- tablished by the Canton men, tRe same being located west of Harrison avenue between the line of the present Pittsburg, Fort Wayne &: Chicago Railroad and the residence of Newton E. Wise. At that time the road from Canton to Bethlehem or Navarre ran from the West Tuscarawas street bridge in a southwesterly di- rection and came into the present Navarre road at Buck hill, so that it formed a direct road from the \illage of Canton, as then existing, to the race track last mentioned. In the fall of the year these old race grounds often attracted our i66 OLD LANDMARKS people, as have the county fairs in later years, the latter attractions being then unknown. Sixty-five or seventy years ago the old road between Canton and Massillon had many steep and abrupt hills, which are now almost oblit- erated by the heavy grading which has been done. We also had a sort of "rail" road, or corduroy road, that we sought to avoid. These roads were constructed of wooden rails laid crosswise. In a number of the low places these roads were constructed in order to keep from sinking too deeply in the mud. It was a slow and very rough process to pass over these prim- itive roads, and they will be recalled by many of our older citizens as having existed in many points where now are established most excellent and smooth roads. About the same period the present popular resort known as Meyer's lake was seldom visited except by fishermen and hunters, fish being then far more abundant in the lake than at the present time. In the early days of the writer's acquaintance with this lake there were to be found there, in addition to the skiffs, a few Indian canoes, which were hol- lowed out of solid logs, being much narrower and longer than the skiffs. Tliey were often called "dug-outs." A good oarsman could pro- pell them' over the water quite rapidly'; but they proved very treacherous under un- skilled manipulation as they were liable to turn over and throw the occupant into the water. The Indians and some of the old fisher- men could generally manage them quite safely, but those not expert in their use were safer on land. The last live native deer seen by the wri- ter was in the act of swimming across this lake, and the sight was an attractive one. When within a few hundred yards of the shore the pretty animal discovered us and at once turned and went back to the other shore. At that time the wild deer could often be seen in the vicinity of the lake. OLD ONE -HUNDRED -MILE WARE- HOUSE. Hy John Danner. i Among the old landmarks well known to Canton people for many years was the old One- Hundred-Mile Warehouse that stood on the south side of East Tuscarawas street at the crossing of the Pittsburg, Fort Waj^ne & Chi- cago Railroad. This building was erected about fifty years ago, by an organization known as the Farmers' Union, to which reference has been made in preceding articles, as having con- ducted a milling and mercantile business in Canton. Many of the old farmers in the coun- ty will recall that about a half century ago there was quite a craze or enthusiasm in this section in bringing about organizations of farmers io engage in the mercantile and produce busiEess. They felt that the merchants were making too much money and that farming was too slow a process, and that they might benefit materially by co-operafion. We had two such orgariiza- tions in Canton, one in Massillon and one' in Navarre, and all over the country were to be found, stores established under such organized co-operation. But in a few years they began to have trouble and financial failures, and among the organizations that thus canle to grief was the Farmers" Union of CantOii. It may be said that quite a number of fariiiers learned a lesson that kept them from making further investment of this kind. After the failure of the Farmers' I5nion Madison Reynolds bought the warehouse' men- tioned and for a time was engaged in the buying of wheat and other produce, utilizing the build- ing for the storage of the same. About i860 Solomon Kaufman purchased the building', which he utilized for similar purposes, making shipments by the adjoining railroad. In 1878 M. C. Barber purchased the property and ap- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. i6; plied the building to similar use about twelve years, having been at one time an extensive dealer in wheat and other farm produce. He sold the building to John Flory, who still owns the lot on whicli it stood for so many years. About the time iVIr. Barber acquired the prop- erty, about 1878, Fernando Herbruck had in store there one season eighteen hundred bushels of chestnuts, whicli he shipped to various points, realizing a good profit. It has been said that the yield of chestnuts in this vicinity that sea- son was greater than has ever been known be- fore or since. Before the advent of the railroad in Can- ton, there was small need for warehouses, but very soon after the first road, the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chicago, was completed, two substantial warehouses were here erected — the one just mentioned and the other on South Market street, adjoining the track of the rail- road. The latter building was erected l)y V. R. Kimball, who was at the time one of our leading and most enterprising merchants. Later his son, R. C, used the building until about 1865, when he sold the property to John Pat- ton and since that time it has been commonly known as Patton's warehouse. Mr. Patton used the building until his death, a few years ago, doing quite an extensive business in the pur- chase of wheat and other heavy products from the farm. Another warehouse was erected by the Dannemillers, a little east of the freight house of the same railroad, but this was destroyed by fire a few years ago. Facilities in this line •will undoubtedly keep pace with the demands of our thri^'ing and rapidly growing city. Can- ton is the capital of one of the best counties in Ohio and the very fact that we have two other flourishing and prosperous cities, Massil- lon and Alliance, and quite a number of beau- tiful villagies of from three hundred to twelve hundred population, should make us feel that "Molly Stark" is more than an ordinary county. LAND VALUES THEN AND NOW. By ]oHN Danner. Seventy years ago Canton was only a small village or town, having a population not ex- ceeding twelve hundred. It was, of course, the county seat, and this fact was about the only thing that it could claim in precedence of other villages in the county. The customs and habits of the people were simple and plain as com- pared with the present day. The old corporate limits were from Saxton street on the east to Wells street on the west, and from North street on the north to South street on the south, while inside of these narrow confines \\ere many vacant lots which could then be pur- chased for very low prices, while all outside of the boundaries indicated was giveii up to farming lands. Even fifty years ago our town was small and property cheap. As an illustra- tion the writer will revert to a personal case. About that time he purchased two entire lots, from ^Villiam Spangler, on the northeast corner of Tenth street and McKinley a\enue, said lots being each sixty-six by two hundred feet in di- mensions, and for these beautiful lots '-e paid only seventy-five dollars each. After re- taining them several years, within which time he had planted shade trees along the frontage on both streets, he sold them to the late Samuel Bard for one hundred and fifty dollars each and considered the profit on the in\estment a good one. During his residence in Canton, Samuel Bard showed much enterprise in building houses and selling them. He was a carpenter and contractor by vocation and was constantly putting up houses and disposing of the same. We lost a good citizen when he left us. He located in Fort Wayne, Indiana, where he con- tinued in the same line of enterprise until his death, several years ago. His wife was a daughter of Rev. John Neisz, who lived a few miles south of Canton. About the time the Pitts- i68 OLD LANDMARKS burg. Fort Wayne & Chicago Railroad was opened through Canton new citizens began to be attracted here, such as Ephraim Ball, Corne- lius -\ultman. Lewis Miller, George Cook and others who were seeking a good manufactur- ing point, and soon Canton began to gain rec- ognition as an inland manufacturing town. The growth of manufacturing in the past half cen- tury has been marvelous and we now have in Canton about one hundred different lines of manufacturing of important order, embrac- ing a great variety of products, from the Due- ber-TIampden watches to the ponderous and popular Diebold safes. The farms that for many years lay east, west and south of the original town plat have now been taken into the possession of various kinds of manufacturing concerns and adapted to the building of homes as well, while to the north of the original corporation line ha\-e been built up most beautiful and comfortable homes. The north part of the city is practically certain never to encounter the intrusion of rail- roail lines, as it lies much higher than the re- maining portion of the place and thus offers no atti-actions for the traverse of railroad lines. The electric lines reach this section and afford ample accommodations for the residents there. As these articles are reminiscent in character it is not necessary to expatiate upon the many attractions of our beautiful city of today or the gratifying prospects for the future, 1)ut it can not but occur to the older residents to conjecture what will be the changes within the next half century. 4 » » ■ BUILDINGS NOW AND SEVENTY YEARS AGO. By John Danneb, Upon recently seeing the workmen exca- vating on the southeast corner of Eighth street and Cleveland avenue for the erection of the new public library of Canton, the writer was forcibly reminded of the time when there were no buildings of any kind in that entire block. For quite a number of years that block of lots was owned by Martin Lolir, one of the pioneer merchants of Canton. For many years he con- ducted his mercantile business in a two-story frame building that stood on the northwest corner of Eighth and Market streets. The old building which he there used has been removed to 7d8 High street and looks much the same as it did in the original location. When in- formed that this building was the one occu- pied seventy years ago for a store and resi- dence, the younger generation will be im- pressed with the idea that the store must have been a very diminutive one and the family much cramped for room to have no larger a building than this little frame structure, and yet it served as the store and residence of one of Canton's old-tinie merchants. The building is about eighteen by twenty-four feet in dimensions, and the lilock which now occupies its original site covers a lot sixty-seven by two hundred feet, indicating that time brings mutations. The block which figures as the site of the new li- Ijrary was unoccupied for a number of years, and it was enclosed by a fence and Mr. Lohr iften used it for pasturage purposes. The first building to be put up there was a one-story frame structure, about twenty-five by thirty feet in dimensions, and the same stood on the north- east corner of the lot where Theobald & Com- [lany now have their plumbing establishment. This building was used for some time by the late Ira M. Allen, who there conducted a select school. It was afterward sold to the Baptist church and removed to the rear of their first brick house of worship, which stood on the Harter lot, corner of Tenth and Market streets. There it was used for some time for Sabbath school purposes and prayer meetings. \A hen the lJa]^tist church bought their pres- ent location, on the southwest corner of Ninth CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 169 and Market streets, they sold tlieir old lot to the late Isaac Harter, who was anxious to secure the same, as he owned all the balance of the block of lots and had already built his fine res- idence there. He then had the brick church taken down and sold the material for other purposes, while the frame building mentioned was then purchased by James C. Lantz. who remo\-ed the same to his factory, on South Rex street. This, together with the entire plant. was .slKirtly afterward destroyed by fire. After the .Mien school house was removed from the southwest corner of Eighth and Court streets the late George Rank botight the north lot in said block and there erected his two-story brick residence, in w hicli he continued to reside until his death. He also built the block on the east end of the same lot, the same being occupied by Theobald & Company, as before noted, while the upper floor is used for lodge rooms. Mr. Rank erected this building for a planing mill and it was used as such for some time. The buildings erected by him always had the reputa- tion rjf being substantially built. He was a practical carpenter and house builder and would not tolerate inferior work. Some of the oldest and best buildings in Canton were put up by him and his brother John, who was also a practical builder and equally insistent upon the strici: observance of the s]>ecifications of every con- tract. \A'hile Ira M. Allen was still teaching in the little building mentioned, our union school was first established, and he was chosen as its first superintendent. He was succeeded by Henry S. Martin, during ^\•hose regime of several years the schools were greatly enlarged and new l)uildings provided. During the time of the superintendency of these two gentlemen the situation was undesirable at any time. New and enlarged buildings were needed and many of the old textbooks were discarded, so that many found f;uilt with the mimagement of the schools, Init time has demonstrated that the plan then adopted proved a great improve- ment upon the old system. No friend of gen- eral education wottld now consent to the abol- ishing of our fine public-school system. It is now generally conceded that the public schools in Canton are among the best in the state. The late Arcliibald McGregor was a director for a number of years during the early history of our union schools, and as he was a competent and experienced teacher, he proved a very val- uable member of the board of education, in those days, which many of his suggestions, as acted upon, have contributed to the success and popularity of our public schools. A PIONEER ENTERPRISE. B.V John Uanner. In the early history of Canton as a manu- facturing town one of our largest products was the Gibbs plow. The late Joshua Gibbs, father of John W., Lewis. Martin L., William and George (iibbs, was a great plow man and was the pioneer in the manufacttire of plows in this county. He was a native of New Jersey and near Trenton, that state, he learned the trade of making plows. For some time there- after he was employed as a journeyman in Philadelphia, after which he came to Canton, where he was for a time in the einploy of others among the number having been Judge Henry, who was well known in the county, especially the western part. Joshua Gibbs made a care- ful study and experimentation in his endeavors to perfect his plows, and very soon established a reputation for making the best in this section. His constant aim was to improve the machin- ery used in the processes of manufacture and to produce plows that would be superior to all others. In 1836 he obtained a patent for what became known as Gibbs' barshare plow, and this implement attanied much popularity. 170 OLD LANDMARKS After he had obtained his patent and intro- duced his plows in this vicinity his reputation in tlie hne gradually extended throughout this and adjoining' states. John W. Gibbs did nuicli traveling in connection with the intro- duction of his father's plows, but he was prin- cipally interested in selling the rights for his father's patent for polishing plows. In 1853 a patent had been granted Joshua Gibbs on this process, and the device became favorably re- ceived liy plow manufacturers. No one was bet- ter (lualified tn introduce the polishing machin- ery than was John W. Gibbs, and throughout the western states and beyond the Mississippi the business was pushed forward by his tact and ability. The dynamometer patented by his father also occupied his attention in its in- troduction throughout the country. The in- strument was constructed somewhat on the plan of a spring- scale and could be attached to wagons, plows, etc., to test the amount of weight or strength required to move them. This device became quite well known and was finally sold to other parties, who are presum- ably still manufa.cturing the same. Joshua Gibbs carried on his business of manufacturing plows in a shop that stood on his residence lot, on the northeast corner of Fourth and Saxton streets. He was well in- formed in regard to all matters pertaining to his vocation and liked to discuss the same. He was an honest, industrious and upright man. All his sons were more or less interested in the plow manufacturing in their earlier years, but this was later given up by all of them. Lewis Gibbs, who is regarded as a pioneer in the Gibbs plow works in this city, is well known in this vicinity and while he is no longer per- sonally interested in these larger works the family still retain an interest in the same. George Gibbs, who removed to California many years ago, is still living in San Fran- cisco, but has given up active business. While he had full knowledge and some experience in making plows, his time was mostly taken up in fine mechanical work of various kinds. Be- fore he left the parental home he was consid- ered one of the best mechanics in Canton. " He could work in woods, m'etals and the various other materials used to produce fine models of all kinds of machinery, and he was considered for a long time the best model maker in Canton. He married Elizabeth Albert, daughter of E. D. Albert, the hatter, who was so well known in Canton half a century ago. She died soon after their removal to California. Her brother. Thomas B., is still a resident of Canton. Martin L. Gibbs was quite extensively en- gaged in making plow^ in Canton twenty-five years ago, his factory being on the north side of East Tuscarawas street and just east of the Pennsylvania Railroad. He afterwards moved to Findlay and retired from this line of enter- prise. He died there about six years ago and his remains were brought to Canton for in- terment. John W. Gibbs understood all about the plow business but was not a practical mechanic. He is a most thorough and energetic business man and now resides near ^\^^co. this C'junty. A number of years ago he was engaged in merchandising in Canton, in company with the late John R. Miller, their store being Ircated im the northeast cnnu-r nf tlie public S([uare. He also clerked for a time in a store in Wooster, being in the employ of Mr. Frost, then the lead- ing merchant of that town. All the members of the Gibbs family ha\e been among" our best citizens. In the possession of the Bucher & Gibbs Plow Company, of Canton, at the present time is a Gibbs plow which w-as made in 1838 and used on a Stark county farm for fifty years, the steel barshare being worn off. It was returned to the factory of the present company in 1888 and was placed on exhibi- tion at the Ohio state fair of the state centennial year. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 171 A WELL-KNOWN MANUFACTORY. By John Dannek. From tlie early history of Massillon to the present day the name of Russell has been prom- inently identified with the growth and pros- perity of that city. In the early part of 1838 Charles M. Russell and his two brothers, Na- hum S. and Clement, came to Massillon. Charles M. was the eldest and the leading one to plan and do outside work, while the others were intelligent and industrious mechanics. The three brothers formed the firm of C. M. Russell & Company in the manufacture of agricultural implements, more especially thresh- ing machines, and very soon the threshers made by the firm attained distinct popularity and the trade began to extend all over the western countr}'. As the firm rapidly grew in reputation and \\-ealth other brothers came on from the New England states and became interested principals in the firm. The first of the younger brothers to come was Joseph K.. who is the only one of the seven brothers now living, and later Thomas H., George L. and Allen A. Russell. AIT these brothers worked in harmony with the firm of C. M. Russell & Company, each having his place to fill and all being industrious and of good habits. Allen A. resided the greater portion of the time in Indianapolis, Indiana, where he had charge of the leading distributing' agency for the products of the Massillon plant. He died September 11, 1901. It is safe to say that no other industry has done so much for the growth and prosperity of the city of Massillon as has that which had its inception as above noted. The concern has greatly expanded the scope of the entef prise and both stationary and portable engines are now manufactured in the finely equipped plant. The firm now have a national reputation for the building of large stationary engines that have acquired as high a standing as the Cor- liss and other fine engines used by electric power plants, large water works and in other places where only the highest type of such prod- ucts will serve the purpose. The foundation' and plans of work of this successful and grow- ing mdustry were laid so deep and well that the growth of the same has been almost marvelous, and the name stands as an effective trademark for the introduction of any line of products the concern sees fit to place on the market. But changes must take place in all human organizations, and while the name Russell & Company is still popularly npplied to the con- cern, which is the pride of our friends in Mas- sillon, there is not one of the originals Rus- sells connected with the firm. Joseph K., who is the only one of the seven brothers now liv- ing, has retired to private life, having no further connection with the firm. He has all that is needful for comfort and happiness, is an octogenarian and is a man active in all good work. He has been for many years an exemplary member of the Presbyterian church in Massillon, anddoes all in his power ':o raise the standard of righteousness and to promote the cause of temperance. • The head of the two Russell firms now in Massillon, that is, Russell & Company and the Russell Engine Company, is J. W. McClymonds, whose wife is a daughter of Nahuni S. Russell. There are Russells still connected with the business but they are descendants of the original founders. When this firm erected its first shops they were mostly wooden structures and the ground occupied was the narrow strip of land on the west side of Erie street, north of that now oc- cupied by the firm of Hess, Snyder & Company, but a number of years ago the Russells found that the limitations of this site were such they could not expand their plant to meet the de- mands of their growing business. They accord- ingly went south of the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chicago Railroad tracks and purchased ground on both sides of Erie street, the same 172 OLD LANDMARKS extendins^ from the Ohio canal on the west line to East street on the east line, and here they forthwith began the erection of substantial brick buildings, to which additions have been made from time to time imtil the large tract of ground on either side of Erie street from the canal to East street is well covered with brick buildings for the use of this prosperous con- cern. The otSce is one of the first buildings reached in going from the city to the works ; then here is the large iron machine shop, three stories in height, and still larger three-story buildings east of this, used in the manufacture of engines ; and west of Erie street are immense three-story buildings connected with the same establishment. The precautions taken to pre- vent and subdue fires in the great plant are adeciuate, and in every respect the concern has a fine prospect and is the pride of the thriving and attractive city of Massillon. About thirty years ago the Russells decided to build a branch factory in Canton for the building of mowing and harvesting machines, and the late William K. Miller, of Canton, was the general manager of this new enterprise. They accordingly erected the large three-story building's immediately opposite the passenger station of the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chi- cago Railroad, and there manufactured excel- lent mowers and reapers, but as their successors in ]\[assilIon found their business growing be- yond all expectations they finally gave up the business in Canton and sold the buildings, which are now occupied l)y the Bonnot Com- pany in the manufacture of brick machinery, etc. When the Russell enterprise was started in Canton there was a general interest taken in the undertaking Ijy our leading citizens, and when the day came to break ground for the new buildings there was quite a large assem- blage on the grounds, while among those pres- ent was Nahum S. Russell, of Massillon, the oldest member of the original firm then li\'ing. and upon him devolved the honor of turning the first spadeful of earth preparatory for lay- ing the foundation, and this he performed with good grace. The Russell concerns, with their magnifi- cent industrial enterprises, are not only a legiti- mate source of pride to Massillon but the en- tire county also feels that it wishes to honor those who have founded and aided in building up thei enterprises and gained a world-wide reputation in the manufacture of products of the highest standard, the same having been in- troduced in almost every part of the civilized world. A BIT OF INDUSTRIAF HISTORY. H>' John Danner. Fifty-two years ago Canton was looked upon as a "finished" town. There being no railroads, all the heavy trade of the county went to Massillon. We had Imt a few thousand peo- ple and the grass grew quite freely on some of the prominent streets. In 185 1. when it was definitely settled that the Ohio & Pennsylvania Raih-oad was to be built from Pittsburg to Crestline, and after that when the road was consolidated with the Ohio & Indiana Railroad, running from Crestline west, the whole line was calleil the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chi- cago Railroad, and is operated by the Pennsyl- \ ania system, under a ninety-nine years' lease. \Vhen this railway became assured to Canton Messrs. Bail and Aultman came here from (ireentown, eight miles north, where they had begun in a small way, tt) make plows and a few agricultural machines. They found they could not compete with Mas- sillon firms and others that were on transportation lines, since Greentown was not supplied with such facilities and had slight prospect of secm'ing them. Messrs. Ball and Aultman came to Canton that year and selected three town lots on the line of the new railroad, CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 173 the land in question being a portion of the .large tract now occupied by the line Aultman plant. After making this selection of lots, they returned to Greentown and reported to Lewis and Jacob Miller and George Cook as to the action taken, and they unanimously de- cided to remove to Canton, which they did soon afterward. In Greentown Ephraim Ball was the original founder of the plant, and after- ward the others named Ijecame interested in the Inisiness, the firm and company having had va- rious changes in titles during the intervening years. When they came to Canton a new com- pany was organized, each partner putting in what capital he could and sharing the profits according to his investment. The total capital of the company when they started in Canton was forty-five hundred dollars. The firm thus formed was known as Ball, Aultman & Com- l^any. They at once erected on their lots a two- story brick building, consisting of a wood shop, forty by fifty-five feet in dimensions; a finish- ing shop, forty by sixty feet; and a moulding- shop, one story in height and forty feet square. In December, 1851, they brought their tools and fixtures from Greentown and began work in the building mentioned. In the following year they built twenty-five Hussey machines and in that year also they formed the ac- quaintance of Thomas R. Tonner, who soon be- *came an interested principal in the firm. He had no capital, but was endowed with good busi- ness talent and inflexilile honesty of purpose so that he soon proved a very valuable man to the firm. In 1857 came on the great financial panic which worked such havoc among busi- ness men in all sections of the country. Two years previously James S. Tonner became book- keeper for the firm, and he was an excellent accountant, and his services, together with the strict integrity and Christian principles of the founders of the firm, made it possible for them to tide over the panic mentioned, though it in- \'olved many prominent concerns in bank- ruptC3^ For several years prior to this time the firm had an arrangement with a number of business houses here to take their orders for luerchandise to pay their eniployes, settle- ment being made by giving notes of the com- pany, payable in four or six months at the bank. Most of the leading stores of the town thus aided these pioneer manufacturers to tide over their payments and continue operations. About this time the Ketchum machine was meeting with considerable success, and Ephraim Ball, Cornelius Aultman and Lewis Miller were appointed a committee to get up an improved mower. Mr. Ball was a patternmaker by trade and made all the patterns for the new machine, co-operating with the other two members of the committee. After much study they constructed a mower that year, but after testing it found the same to be a failure. They were not to be discouraged, however, and finally brought out a one-wheeled machine which was more satisfac- tory. They proceeded to build eight of these machines in 1853, but upon practical test these machines were likewise found weak in several points and all were soon returned as worthless. Some of the members of the firm became dis- couraged, but Mr. Aultman advised a new at- tempt. The harvest was then over. Mr. Ault- man then got up a drawing for a two-wheeled machine, this being the first effort in that direc- tion. After the drawing had been submitted to Alessrs. Ball and Miller some changes and mod- ifications were suggested and the final result was the introduction of what was well known as the Ohio mower, the first completed machine being turned out in 1854, and very soon appli- cation was made for patents, but in the patent office they found a patent had been taken out for a similar machine by a man named Haines, of Pekin. Illinois. In this emergency Mr. Ault- man secured from Mr. Haines the right to man- ufacture in Ohio, and in the spring of 1855 Ball, 174 OLD LANDMARKS' Anltman & Company started to make twenty- live of their new mowers, but on May 5 of that year fire destroyed their plant. As they had struggled to reach the point then occupied and were deeply in debt, this unexpected disaster robbed them of much of their zeal. All the members of this firm were active Christian nien of undoubted integrity, so that very soon friendly hands were extended to them, and benches were put up in a shed which had es- caped destruction by the fire, and by hard work they turned out by hand that season five mow- ers and twelve Hussey reapers for the harvest of 1855, while in /Vugust of that year they started up in their new shop, working day and night, and as that year gave a heavy harvest thev had no difficulty in disposing of all ma- chines manufactured. The next year they turned out five hundred Ohio mowers, fifty Hussev reapers and fifty Pitts separators or threshing machines. iMessrs. Aultman and Miller determined that they could greatly improve the mowers and they drew plans for a two-wheeled rear-cut machine, on which they secured a patent in June, 1856. As this machine allowed the finger bar to be raised and folded for transportation, it was considered a great improvement. Only one of these machines was constructed, and in the fall of the same year its form was changed to a front cut, and this noteworthy improve- ment met with marked favor. For the harvest of 1857 one thousand Ohio mowers, six or seven of the new Buckeye, one threshing ma- chine and fifty Hussey reapers were made. The Ohio and Buckeye machines were quite thor- oughly tested side by side that year, and the latter seemed to carry off the prize. In 1858 Mr. Ball sold his interest to the other members of the firm and put up his own building within the same year, the same being now used by the McLain works, and in 1859 he put on the mar- ket the Ohio mower in competition with the Buckeye, thus continuing until 1865. After he retired from the firm of Ball, Aultman & Com- pany, the old firm adopted the name of C. Ault- man & Company, under which title they built up a large and prosperous business. In 1859 this firm turned out eighteen hundred Buckeye mowers and one hundred and fifty threshing machines, this being the year of the destructive frost which visited this section in the early part of June. All the wheat throughout this region was killed, but they found a mar- ket for their machines in more distant fields, where the damage to the crops had not been so great. The Buckeye machine continued to grow in favor, so that in 1863 they made thirty-six hun- dred mowers and reapers and four hundred threshing machines. The business grew rapidly and the firm greatly added to their buildings, while they finally concluded that they could not greatly increase their business further with the facilities afforded by the one line of trans- portation then afforded Canton, that of the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chicago Railroad, and they therefore decided to have Lewis Miller go to Akron and there build ' a new plant, which was done. Our loss at that time was certainly Akron's gain. In T864 Mr. Miller removed to Akron and during that year the firm built quite liberally in both towns. About the same time we lost another industry that doubtless would have remained in Canton had the railroad fa- cilities been such as we now enjoy. This was the works of Aultman, Taylor & Company, which built threshers and separators in Mans- field. The late Michael D. Harter, also from Canton, was the prime Inisiness manager. No effort should be spared to gain to Canton a still greater number of reputable, industrial con- cerns, and the facilities now offered here are most gratifying and encouraging to manu- facturing. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 175 ANOTHER OLD CORNER IN CANTON. By John Dannkk On the northeast corner of Market and Eighth streets is a building which was erected about sixty-five years ago, by Michael Weisert, a German tailor. The open front was put in in recent years, and the outside stairway was not a feature of the building as originally con- structed. Michael Weisert was the first tailor in Canton to keep goods on hand for the ac- commodation of his customers, the plan pre- viously followed having been to purchase goods from the various dry-goods stores. He general- ly kept quite a stock of cassimeres and other fabrics suitable for men's wear, and also made a few garments of general order to keep for sale as customers chanced to call. His establishment could not have been called a clothing store, as the stock of ready-made garments was quite lim- ited, but of , the fabrics for manufactur- nig to order he kept a good selection. He bought all of his supplies of this sort from the home merchants, at wholesale. The writer can well recall that when he was clerking for Mar- tin Wikidal, Michael Weisert would frequently come in and purchase several hundred dollars' worth of piece goods and trimmings at a time. Isaac Harter and V. R. Kimball also sold him more .or less goods at wholesale, but it is be- lieved that the greater portion of his trade went to Mr. Wikidal. Mr. Weisert was often referred to as the "live Dutchman," and his trade was given to Mr. Wikidal largely from the fact that the late Louis Schafer was then clerking in the establishment and knew exactly how to please his fellow countrymen. At the time when Mr. Weisert was in busi- ness in Canton we had no sewing machines, all work being done by hand. In the list of pioneer tailors in Canton was also found William Lemmon, of whom mention has already been made, his death having recently occurred at his old home here, at the patriarchal age of more than ninety-one years. In those early days we also had Jacob Rex, Joseph Hartman, Conrad Peter, Andrew Lothamer and V. Rothermel, who were practical workmen and carried on the tailoring business here for many years. But the introduction of sewing ma- chines, a little more than fifty years ago, began to revolutionize the tailoring business. Prior to that time many boys contracted for terms varying from four to five years to learn the business, and as they were usually from fifteen to sixteen years of age when entering upon their apprenticeship, they would complete their term of service as young men and could then become journeymen or start in business for themselves. The introduction of the sewing machines soon made it possible to enlarge the sphere of ready- made clothing and the opening of clothing stores, and the goods which had formerly been purchased from the dry goods establishments and taken to the tailors for manufacture into garments began to be handled by the tailors themselves, while much of the trade was di- verted to the clothing stores. What is true of the clothing trade is also applicable to the shoe trade in general. In olden times we had many shoemakers who took boys to learn the trade, and a very few ready-made shoes were sold. Now we seldom hear of a boy being apprenticed to learn the trade of shoemaking by hand. When Michael Weisert first came to Canton he' began operations on a modest scale in a little brick building that then stood opposite the E. J. Rex tin store, on South Market street. He soon succeeded in building up quite a large busi- ness and finally bought the lot on the northeast corner of Market and Eighth streets, where he erected the brick building first mentioned in this article. His shop or store was in the south half of the building, while the remainder was used as his residence. Michael Weisert was the fa- ther of Genera! A. G. Weisert, who was com- mander in chief of the Grand Army of the Re- lyo OLD LANDMARKS public a few years ago. He is now a promi- nent lawyer in ^Milwaukee. Michael Weisert finally disposed of all his interests in Canton and removed to Mansfield, where he was en- gaged in the same line of business for some time. In 1849, ^^ ^^^^ time of the memorable gold excitement in California, he, in company with his eldest son, Charles, started for the gold fields, and on the long and tedious jour- ney he died, and as there was no means of trans- portation and no civilized settlement within reach, the son was compelled to bury his father in the sand and leave the newly made grave forever. — — ♦ » » THE OLD WliNTERH ALTER CORNER. By John Danner. The two-story frame building on the north- east corner of Walnut and Tuscarawas streets is familiar to most of our citizens. It has had an open front for a number of years, but was not originally so constructed. Open fronts in those early days were not in fashion. The general appearance of the building has not been materially changed save in this one re- gard. When the house was erected it stood five to seven feet lower than the present grade, the grade of Tuscarawas street to the west being at the time quite heavy, and there was about ten feet more of a rise from Walnut to Market street than at the present. The house men- tioned has been twice raised to conform to the street grade, but it still occupies the original site. In 1809 Bezaleel Wells sold this lot to George Kirkpatrick, who later sold it to Abra- ham Harman, while in 1820 Christian Palmer owned the lot. He sold the same to Jacob Sala, who erected the present building on the site in 182 1. He there opened a drug store in the corner room, where he continued the busi- ness until 1837, when the property was sold to Sanders Van Ransalaer, who held it until 1841, when it was purchased by Philip Welder. Mr. Sala will be remembered by many of our older citizens as having been the pioneer drug- gist of Canton. He kept a good drug store and was a man much respected. His sons, Solomon, John, Levi and Benjamin, were all \\ell known in Canton ^vhen they were young men. Solomon was a printer and for quite a time was one of John Saxton"s main supports in the publication of the Ohio Reposi- tory. John Sala became a physician. He was the father of Bronson, Matilda and Margaret Sala, who removed to some of the western states about forty years ago. Benjamin Sala was a tailor bv vocation and was the grand- father of the Sala brothers who are at present engaged in the printing business in the village of Minerva, this county. As to the other rep- resentatives of the original family the writer has no definite information. Jacob Sala was a native of Worms, Germany, and was well educated in both the German and English lan- guages. He retired from the drug business at the time he sold the property mentioned. Af- ter Philip Weber secured the property he con- ducted a grocery in the corner room and occu- pied the remainder of the house as his resi- dence. In 1843 '""s ^oluil(ling that was for years the office of the law lirm of Starkweather & Jarvis. Next to this was a one-story brick structure that was utilized for four of the county offices of those days, — those of treasurer, clerk of the courts, auditor and recorder, — and next to this build- ing was the old court house wliich was erected in 1816. Madison Raynolds was well inform- ed on general subjects, was much respected in ilie communit}- and was regarded as one of our most valuable citizens. For a number of years he ownefl and occupied the two-story brick residence which stands in the rear of P. H. Barr's drug store, on East Tuscarawas street. The three-story brick building in front of this residence was erected later, by C. C, A. Wit- ting, who there conducted a drug store. Later Aladison Raynolds purchased and remodeled the frame cottage at No. 902 West Tuscara- was street where he thereafter resided until his death. Mrs. Raynolds and her brother, the late Dr. Eew is Slusser, also died there, and the properly is still owned by the sons of Mr. Ray- nolds. 4 » » ANOTHER OLD CORNER IN CANTON. By John Danner. Seventy-five years ago, on the site of the present fine four-story building of the Young- Men's Christian Association in Canton, at the southeast corner of Tuscarawas street and Mc- Kinley avenue, stood two frame buddings, which were occupied by two brothers, Fran- cis and John Pirrong. The former was a blacksmith by vocation and had his shop in the one-story building on the corner, while his- brother was in the tombstone business and oc- cupied the two-story building adjoining'. In those early days there was but little marble or granite to be had in this section, as wagons furnished the only means of transportation, and therefore most of the tombstones were made of sandstone. In some of our old ceme- teries are yet to be found some of these old tombstones, the inscriptions on the same being almost obliterated by the ra\'ages of time. Many of these were, made by John Pirrong in the shop above referred to. The Pirrong brothers had a sister who was well know-n to our citizens m later days, — Mrs. John Mal- ine, who resided for some time with her son, in Youngstown, Ohio, W'here she died at a venerable age. She was a very excellent wo- man, having man}- friends among all circles in Canton. ; Francis Pirrong lived in a one-story brick residence on the same lot on which his shop was located. This residence faced McKinley avenue and was located a short distance south of the shop, and prior to this the house had been the home of Isaac Suffacool, a cooper. He removed to the west and Francis Pirrong then took possession of the residence and shop, converting- the latter into a blacksmith shop. John Pirrong owned and occupied a one-story frame residence that stood on the northeast corner of Cassilly and Tuscarawas streets, the same having- been afterward known for many years as the home of the late Arnold Lynch. After selling this property Mr. Pir- rong erected a two-story frame building on the site of the building now occupied bv the office of the Western L'nion Telegraph Com- pany, just east of the George D. Harter Bank building. In this building Mr. Pirrong lived for a number of years, having previously re- tired from the tombstone business. John Maline, whose wife has been already mentioned in this connection, was quite a prom- inent citizen in Canton for many years. He erected the two-story Ijrick block in the center of the block between Piedmont and ^^^alnut I So OLD LANDMARKS streets on the north side of Tuscarawas street, and there he was long and successfully engaged in the wholesale and retail grocery business. He finally removed with his family to Fort Wayne, Indiana, where he passed the remain- der of his life, having met with serious finan- cial reverses. immediately east of the Y. M. C. A. build- ing, on West Tuscarawas street, stood the building occupied by Conner Sweeny and family. He was a hatter by trade and had his shop in the west part of said building, adjoining the Pirrong property. Most of the hats of those days were man- ufactured of wool or fur, many being made to order. The stores did not keep hats in stock as at the present time, and the hatting business was quite an extensive trade as conducted at thatperiod. Mrs. Sweeny kept on hand a good supply of gingerbread and pop beer, which were much calletl for at that time, affording quite a profitable enterprise for the good woman who served them, while the customers were none the worse for their indulgence in these products, which is more than can be said of those who resort to the use of the Ijrewcd beer sold in so many places to-day. On the northeast corner of McKinley ave- nue and Tuscarawas street was a one-story frame buildmg owned and occupied for John McCurdy, who was having his shop for a the front room of said McCurdy was a most worthy and industrious, citizen. He was the father of the late Mrs. A. McGregor and also of Joseph and George McCurdy. His oldest son, William, was killed by the Indians while en route across the plains to California, more than a half century ago. The east half, of the block of lots, \\iiere the Trinity Lutheran church now stands, was a vacant lot for many vears. It requires tjut a few years to make great changes in the appearance of a city that has en- many years by a cabinetmaker, long period in building. Mr. joyed the wonderful growth that Canton has experienced within tiie memory of its old citi- zens. In the time to wliich reference has been here made the old academy building, with four rooms, stood on the site of the present high- school building". All pupils paid tuition, this having been before the establishment of free public schools, and many of us were glad to be able to learn to read and write, witliout aspir- ing to the higher branches of knowledge, now within the reach of all. Barrick Michener and Andrew Munks were the two teachers best known in connection with the old academy, in which they taught for a longer period than did any other instructors, and they will be well re- membered by all who lived in Canton in those days. ■ ♦ » » TWO WELL-KNOWN CORNERS IN CANTON. By John Dannf.r. The site of the present First Metliodist Episcopal church, southeast corner of Tuscara- was street and Cleveland avenue, has been vis- ited by two disastrous fires. The first was the burning of the St. Cloud hotel, in 1859; the second was the burning of the large Methodist church building, on January i, 1881. Before either of these buildings had been erected there stood on the lot two frame buildings of one story each. The west half of the lot was owned and occupied by William Beals, who had a sad- dle and harness shop in the front building and who resided in a frame building which stood a little south of the siiop, facing on Cleveland avenue. The east half of the lot now used by the First Methodist Episcopal church was orig- inally owned by the late Daniel Dewalt, who there had a one-story frame I)uilding in whicii he lived and conducted l)usiness, being a watch- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. i8i maker and jeweler by trade and having his shop in the east room of the building- mentioned. He, however, devoted much attention to deal- ( ing in horses, so that his watch-repairing busi- ness was eventually abandoned. The late Isaac Harter resided there for some time and also the late Madison Raynolds, and some of the chil- dren of each were born in the little frame build- ing. The late Nicholas Bour hnally purchased the east part of that lot and erected thereon a \'ery substantial and attractive three-story l)ricl<: building, in which he resided and carried on the merchant-tailoring business for many years. In later years, when he was appointed postmaster, the postoffice was located in the large front room, which had a nice open front, supported by stone pillars. The late John Buckius bought the Beals property and the Bour property, and in 1858 the first St. Cloud hotel was built by him on the ground now occupied by the First Methodist Episcopal church, the same being a three-story building, with a wing of practically equal di- mensions and heig'ht to the spacious front por- tion. William Hawk, father of William Hawk, Jr., who is now one of the leading hotel men of New York city, married Mr. Buckius' daughter Ella, in 1858, and the St. Cloud hotel was opened by the firm of Buckius & Hawk and soon received a good patronage and gained much popularity. After the hotel had ])een in opera- tion about one year it was destroyed by fire. The fire originated in the barn that stood at the south end of the lot, facing on Cleveland avenue, and it soon communicated to the hotel, which was entirely destroyed. Very soon after this disastrous fire Messrs. Hawk and Buckius pur- chased of Mr. Ellison the hotel property now known as the Hurford house, corner of Tuscar- awas and Court streets, and there they perma- nently established the reputation of the St. Cloud hotel, the building at the time being considerably smaller than at pres- ent. They finally sold the propertv to Peter P. Trump, and at a later period Alexander Hurford secured an interest in the property, while since the deatli of Mr. Trump the Hurfords have been the sole owners of the property. After the buildings had l^een enlarged to their present dimensions the build- ing was known as the Hurford house, and is si ill known by that name. Imt it has been vacant for some time, having been condemned for hotel purposes, and in 1903 the building was taken down and there is now in process of construc- tion a large six-story brick and stone building. In 1864 the first building for church pur- poses was erected by the First Methodist Epis- copal church on the site of their present large and sul;)Stantial stone edifice, this being the sec- ond church building erected by the Methodist society in the town. It was destroyed by fire on the morning of Sunday, January i, 1881, the conflagration originating from a defective flue, and the fire occurring just as the congregation were about to celebrate the holy communion. In another article is given the histoiy of the Methodist church in Canton and thus it will not be necessary to recapitulate at this juncture. It may be said, however, that when the first church building was erected on this lot, in 1864, the two half lots formerly owned by William Beals and the other half lot to the east, formerly owned by Daniel Dewalt. constituted all the groiuid then owned by the church, but when the present fine house of worship was ercted it was found that more ground was required, and the society then purchased the Nicholas Bour property. Mr. Bour's three-story building had been badly injured by the fire which destroyed the St. Cloud hotel, adjoining, and had just been repaired when the Methodists purchased the property, and they removed the entire build- ing to make room for their present edifice. The building just east of the church is one of the oldest frame houses now standing in the city, but the open front and other modern improvements ha\-e much changed its appear- I82 OLD LANDMARKS ance. For many years before it was brought into requisition for l:)usiness ])urposes it was owned and occupied Ijy a family named Gaff. On the site of the substantial building now oc- cupied by the Savings and Loan Company stood a two-story frame building that was quite old and that had been occupied for many }ears by the late Peter P. Trump. Before that time jt had been for a long time the home of the Burr fam- ily. "Charley" Burr will be well remembered by some of the older citizens. He was a printer by trade and was a jolly, good natured fellow. But time has wrought many changes, and many families once well known here are now well nigh forgotten. It was while the Burr family resided in the house mentioned that the late Isaac B. Dangler married Miss Burr. They afterward removed to ]\Iassillon, where Mrs. Dangler died many years ago, and Mr. Dangler was married a second time, his death occurring but a few years since. While he lived in Can- ton he was considered one of the best salesmen in the county. He clerked for some time with V. R. Kimball and also with Isaac Harter, while in JNIassillon he was similarly employed by some of the best firms in the town, and was also in the mercantile business for himself for a time. Hon. David A. Dangler, a brother of Isaac B., was likewise a clerk in Canton in his early days. He is now a resident of the city of Cleveland and is well known throughout the country as the manufacturer of gas stoves, be- ing also an ex-senator of the state legislature. THE KLMBALL AND STIDGER HOMES. By John Danner. In the early 'seventies the block of lots now occupied by the Baptist church, on South Mar- ket street, had but two buildings on the entire block. One was the V. R. Kimball home, a two-story brick building, which stood close to the sidewalk line on the northeast corner of the present church lot. The other was a two-stor\' frame building that stood where the residence of Mrs. E. D. Keplinger is now found ; this older building was close up to the sidewalk, the style in those days having been to have the houses in close proximity to the street, instead of pro- viding lawns in front. This frame building- was built and for many years occupied by Philip Slusser. It must have been erected as early as the vear 1818. "Father" Slusser, as he was familiarly known, was one of the first ]Meth- odists in Canton, and consequentl}' his honv; was often thrown open for the meetings of said church, while entertainment was there gracious- ly extended \.o the itinerant clergy of the jtio- neer days, the wife of this honored pioneer ha\'ing been in full accord and sympathy with him in his religious views and services. Father Peter Tofler. ancjther earnest -worker in the church, lived in a small two-story Ijrick build- ing opposite the Slusser homestead and on the site of the present home of the compiler of these reminiscences. At- this point it is eminently con- sistent that mention be made concerning- that sterling citizen, Philip Slusser. and the narra- tive phraseology will be in a measure set aside in order that the writer may speak in the terms of greater and affectionate familiarit\-. My grandfather, Philip Slusser, came from Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, to Stark county in 1805. He entered a quarter section of land in what is now- part of the eastern di- vision of Canton and soon afterward erected the first fli-)uring--miil in the countv. This was established on the same site afterward 1 rccupied by the Rowland n-|il1. which was later known as the George Myers mill, both of these mills liaving been destroyed liy lire, while no mill has occupied the site for a number of years. When Grandfather Slusser first can-ie here, his sons Philii), Peter and John were of suffi- ciently mature years to l)e very helpful to him. Philip and Peter finally settled in Tuscarawas township and reared large and influential fam- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO'. >83 ilies. John remained in Canton and eventually engaged in the mercantile business. He was the father of the late Dr. Lewis Slusser, and also of Sanuel D. Slusser and Airs. Madison Ra\nok!s, both now deceased, the only surviv- ing member of the immediate family at the date of this writing being Mrs. David Zollars. After the death of his father, John Slusser was appointed administrator of the estate, and he sold tlie old house and two lots belonging to it, which consisted of the entire block" except the one lot occupied by the Kimljall house, al- ready mentioned. He received lor the property six hundred dollars, which was considered at the time a very reasonable and fair equivalent. It is needless to say that a far different price would be demanded for such property at the present time. Mrs. McNab, mother of the late Dr. Harmon Stidger, bought the property, and there she and her son resided until her death, after wdiich the property passed into other hands, and rapidly appreciated in value, being now divided into four or five lots and well im- proved. Dr. Stidger was quite an active and in- fluential citizen in his day. He was an ardent Democrat and was one of the two delegates sent from Stark county to the state constitu- tional convention at Columbus, more than half a century ago, at which time the present con- stitution of the commonwealth was framed. Hon. Josqih Troup, likewise a Democrat, was the other Stark county delegate. The V. R. . Kimball house, southwest cor- ner of Market and Ninth streets, to which ref- erence has been made, was built in 1829, by Or- lando Metcalf, but William C. Kimball, of Tiffin, Ohio, states that he believes Mr. Metcalf never occupied the dwelling, wdiich he sold to the former's father. V. R. Kimball. Mr. Met- calf, who was a lawyer, soon afterward re- moved to Pittsburg, Pentisylvania. where he at- tained eminence in his profession. Mr. Kim- ball and his wife both died in this old home- stead, in wdiich all of their ^lildren were born. This is now the site of the Baptist chifrch. About thirty years ago the trustees of the Baptist church jnu-chased the Kimball property from the heirs, and in 1871 the old Kimfe house was razed to the ground and the new church building erected on the lot. Volney R. Kimball was at one time one of the largest and most enterprising merchants in Canton. He built the large store now occupied by George H. Spangler, on the east side of the south public square, and utilized the same for mercantile quarters until his death. He also built the large two-story brick build- ing now standing at the southeast corner of Cherry and Third streets, the same having been used as a tannery during the tim.e of his ownership. In early days Canton had quite a number of tan yards, but none are to be found here at the ]M-escnt day, the enterpri.se having fallen into decadence with the clearing and set- tling of this section, as it became di:Ticult to se- cure the requisite bark at a price that would justii'v the continuation of operations, this lead- ing to the final aliandomnent of all the tan yards. At one time John P. Harley, a brotherr in-law of Mr. Kimball, was interested in the store. He was a genial and energetic man and was quite prominent in the work of the Pre.«- hyterian church, of which he was a member. The writer was for a time a clerk in the Kim- ball store, taking a position there in 1840, dur- ing which time he boarded in the Kimball home, which was :■. center of gracious and re- fined hospitality. THE OLD SAX TON RESIDENCE AND ITS HISTORY. By John Danner. The subject of the present brief sketch is primarily the residence of the late John Sax- 1 84 OLD LANDMARKS ton, who was the original proprietor of the Ohio Repository. This building stood on the south- east corner of Market and Eighth streets, oc- cupying the north part of the site of the present Saxton block. John Saxton was one of the leading pioneers of Stark county. He came hither from Huntingdon, Pennsylvania, in (he early part of the year 1815, and on March 30 of that year he issued the initial number of the Ohio Repository, which was the first paper pu!> lished in Stark county, while at the time there were no more than six or seven papers pub- lished within the borders of the state. It is gratifying to note the fact that this pioneer newspaper has continued publication consecu- tively to the present time, under various cir- cumstances, changes and vicissitudes, it is true, but none who have presided over its destinies has been so ill advised as to change the name of the paper, which is still known as the Re- pository. When the enterprise was inaugurated, the office of the paper was established in a two- story frame building on the east side of the public square where its headquarters were maintained for several years. This ancient structure is still standing at the time of this writing and is itself a veritable landmark. After the removal of the Repository to other quarters, the building was occupied for many years by Jo- nas Polly, a watchmaker and jeweler, while later George Fessler there conducted a grocery business for a long period. Finally the dignity of the building waned and it was applied to baser uses, being used by dififerent individuals as a place for retailing intoxicating liquors. From this place the Repository office was removed to the Kaufman house, now known as the Herbst house, on South Market street, this being one of the oldest brick buildings in the city. Later Mr. Saxton built his residence and printing of- fice on the two lots which he had purchased for that purpose, the Kaufman lot and the two Saxton lots making up the block. Mr. Saxton C(:)ntinued to occupy this residence building un- til his death, and as long as he controlled the paper its office was retained in the building which he had erected for the purpose. About sixty years ago Mr. Saxton sold to his son-in-law, Thomas Goodman, the part of the soutii lot on which is now located the hard- ware store of E. J. Rex, the rear portion of this store being the old Goodman residence, the same being hidden from view from the street by the new portion erected by the present owner when he came into possession of the property. In the salutatory editorial appearing in the first issue of the Repository. Mr. Saxton pledged to the public that so long as he controlled the paper truth should be his guide and the public good his aim. All who knew him must accord to him honesty of purpose, however nluch the\" might differ with him as to policy of govern- ment. He was an active and consistent member of the Presbyterian church, and was seldom ab- sent from its services so long as he was able to be about. He and his noble wife lived in this house until their days on earth were passed. They were the parents of five sons and one daughter. In 1831 Joshua Saxton, a brother of John, became a partner in the publication of the Repository, the firm being known for a number of years as J. & J. Saxton. Joshua Saxton also was a most excellent man and was a mem!:)er of the Methodist church. He finally sold his interest in the Repository to his brother and then removed to Urbana, Ohio, where for many years he published the Urbana Citizen an(l.Ga:^ette. and there he passed the remainder of his life. In 1857 John Saxton admitted his son Thomas ^^^ to partnership in the newspaper business, and after his death the latter became the sole proprietor, continuing to publish at the old stand until 1871. when it was consoli- dated with the Republican, another paper of the same political faith, owned and published by Josiah Hartzell, and after the merging of the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 185 two the publication continued under the title of the Canton Repository, by which it is known at the present time. The building in which Mr. Saxton so long published 'the Repository was a one-story frame structure which stood on the ground now occupied by the south end of the Saxton block, its lateral dimensions having been not more than forty by sixty feet, while it stood about forty feet to the south of the Saxton resi- dence. Its gable end faced the street and the entrance was an ordinary three and one-half foot door, on either side of which was a win- dow. The press used in the early days was the old-style lever type, operated by hand, and known as a Washington press. Some of the men wlio became apprentices in the office of the Ohio Repository during the regime of its foun- ders attained distinction in after years, the most notable instance being that of Joseph Medill, who was at one time proprietor of the Cleveland Leader, and who later attained a national rep- utation as the head of the Chicago Tribune, of which he continued to be the editor until his death, only a few years ago. In conclusion of this article it may be said that the present Grand opera house of Canton covers the ground occu- pied originally by the little shed standing far- thest to the left. THE OLD EAGLP: HOTEL. By John Danner. The name Eagle hotel and Eagle block have been familiar to the citizens of Canton and Stark county for fully two score of years. This arises from the fact that George Dewalt, who opened his hotel in the town at a time when its population was very limited in numljers, applied to his place the title of Eagle hotel at the time of opening its doors to the public. He erected the three-story brick building, the same having been located at the southwest corner of Market and Tuscarawas streets. The Eagle hotel was considered one of the finest in northern Ohio at that time, and tiie name was retained through the \arious changes in proprietorship. There was a main building and a two-story wing at the rear, the same facing on Tuscarawas street aitd containing the dining room and kitchen. West of this was the laundry and woodhouse, and beyond these the barn, all built of brick. The barn stood on the corner of Tuscarawas and Court streets, with the gable facing the former, and large double doors, arched, af- forded access. George De\valt was a brother of the late Daniel Dewalt and was the grandfather of Mrs. William McKinley, on the maternal side. He conducted the hotel about a quarter of a century and then sold the property to William Hawk, who came here from Pennsylvania and who conducted the house until his death, after which his sons, Samuel, Reuben and William, continued the business for a number of years. Thereafter George Reynolds was the proprietor for several years, and after his removal to Akron, where he engaged in the same line of business, the building passed into other hands and was converted into a business block. Dr. Robert H. McCall had his drug store in the corner room of the old Eagle block for a num- ber oi years prior to his death, which oc- curred nearly forty years ago. The next room to the south was occupied by John R. Buclier and later by Geeting & Bucher as a dry goods store, and the room farthest to the south was utilized by various persons and for various business purposes during the passing years. Since the erection of the present four-story brick building on the site of this historic build- ing the Eirst National bank has occupied the corner room, while the remainder of the build- ing is utilized for business and office purposes. The present liuilding has never been utilized as a hotel, hut the name of Eagle block has fortunatelv been retained. i86 OLD LANDMARKS The Dewalt family had been engaged in the hotel business prior to coming to Canton, whith- er they came from Aaronsbur.i^. Center county. Pennsylvania, ami they were related b\- n:ar- riage to the Danner family, the latter family having originally resided in the same town in the Keystone state. The hotel building in Aaronsburg which was used Iw the Dewalts was still standing a few years ago and is pre- sumably so at the present time, the same being a substantial two-story stone building, well able ti) withstand the ravages of time for another centurx- if need be. Philip Dewalt, father of George, erected the two-story brick building at the northeast corner of Cleveland avenue and Tuscarawas street, and there conducted a hotel for a time. The structure is now known as the Brandt building, while its appearance has been sumewhat changed 1)\- the remodeling. During the time that deorge DeW'alt and William ]-la\\k conducted the Eagle hotel the stage office was maintained there.and thus it was a general headquarters for the traveling public and also for the tdwnfolk. the arri\'al and departure of the old-time stage coaches being important e\'ents in the routine of each day. William Bar- ber was for manv vears identified with these stage lines. He could handle tlie reins over a four-horse team to perfection, but was too vaht- able a man to long engage in "tooling" the stages, as the modern coaching term has it. He therefore was assigned to the more responsi- ble duties of sti])erintending the general affairs of the stage routes. The two principal lines of stages were those of the daily service from Pittsburg, by way of New Lisbon, Canton, Massillon, Wooster, etc., and the tri-weekly service from Steubenville. \-ia Carrollton and Waynesburg to Canton. Both of these lines were equipped with the old-time four-horse coaches. George Cribbs was one of the origi- nal proprietors of stage lines.. He owned and occupied the two-story brick residence which is still standing on the northwest corner of Fifth street and Cleveland a\enue. but this building likewise has been extensi\ely remod- eled. Numerous minor hack lines were oper- ated from Canton to various points in the coun- ty, but the two mentioned were the only ones which operated the pretentious four-horse \'e- hicles. The w riter"s first trip east to purchase goods was made in the spring of 1845, ^"^ O" the return journey we reached Pittsburg by way of the canal packet, and while we traveled slowlv , the trip was enjoyable. We landed in Pittsburt: on the loth of April and found the city in flames, more than half of the best portion of the city being destroyed, while up to this time this was the largest urban fire which had ever occurred in the United States. The roads from I'ittsburg west were in bad condition and our progress was consequently slow and tedious. and all along tlie route we conve}'ed the news of the oreat fire. TTTF. OPT) FARMERS & :\IECH\NICS' BLOCK. By John IXmjner. In another article reference is made to the old court house which was erected in 1816 and which occupied only one lot of the ])reseJit court house block, while store rooms and other build- ing's stood on the two lots north of the court house. Nearly si.xty years ago Martin Wiki- (lal. who owned the middle lot, remo\ed all the old buildings from saifl lot aufl there erected a three-story brick building, known as the Farmers' & Mechanics' block. The novth room had been utilized for \arious business purposes and also part of the time in C(innecti')n with Martin Wikidol's residence. ]\Iartin \\"ikidal conducted his mercantile business in the south room until he .sold the property to the countv commissioners, in order that CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 187 the requisite gTouinl iniglit he had for the new and larger court Imnse. The frontage of tlie 1)lock was sixty-seven feet, the entire width of tlie lot. The next lot north was owned by the late John Laird, and upon this was a two- story brick building whicli extended up to Fifth street and was of the same w idth as the Wiki- dal lot. Two stores and a residence were in this building. The first room M. &: J. Laird oc- cupied for years as a general store, and after that for a term of years Ruynokls & Saxton utilized, the same for a hardware store. The Laird property \vas purchased by the county about the same time as was the Wikidal, and ever since that time the entire block has been used for countv purjjoses. The second story of the \\'ikidal block was largely utilized for law offices, and among the early members of the bar who there had heacl(|uarters were Brown & Meyer, and after the war Meyer & ^Nlander- son. James D. Brown was tlie father-in-law of Charles F. Manderson. Before the Civil war Mr. Manderson was quite aoli\-e in the cause I of the Democratic party and served with dis- tinction in the war, holding the office of colonel j and soon identifying himself with the Republi- can partw A few years after the war Mr. Brown and Colonel Manderson removed to Omaha, Xeljraska, and the latter became a 1 prominent figure in the ranks of the l-^epublican party in tliat state, which he represented in the , Linited States senate for several terms. J. D. Brown lived only a few years after his removal from Canton. The late Seraphin Meyer has Ijeen well known in the county, having been a successful lawyer and ha\ing ])resided on the common-pleas bencli several terms. He had been a Democrat, but at tlie outbreak of the re- l)ellion he enlisted and ser\-ed as a brave and loyal .soldier, and for some years thereafter was identified with the Republican part)-, but even- tually resumed his original political faith. He removed to California, where his death occurred a few vears ago. having had many friends and admirers in Stark county. The third storv of this block had two halls, the larger one of which was for a number of vears occui)icil by the Odd Fellows as a lodge room, while the smaller was used by the Sons of Tem]jerance as long as their active organi- zation was maintained, and after that time the hall was utiHzed for divers purposes, while it niav be noted that for a time it was the head- (juarters of the local contingent of the politi- cal organization designated as the Know-Xoth- ing party, of which s(.)me of the old-time Dem^ ocrats ha\e rather un felicitous memories. Im- mediately opposite the Wikidal lot stood the two-story market house, the same being located in the center of the north public square. This was erected in i<>_^(y Henry Kintz was the contractor and builder, and the building was considered one of much importance in its day. It was about forty by seventy-five feet in di- mensions, and was the second market house erected in the city. The first stood in the center of the soutli ])ublic scfuare, and was a one-story structure, built much after the style of the old market houses that stood so many years in Market street in the city of Philadelphia, Penn- svl\-ania. This structure had brick columns about twenty inches .square and built up to a height of fifteen or eighteen feet, and upon them rested the timbers and roof. The stalls for market |)urposes in the second building were all on the ground floor and on the sec- ond floor was the town hall and six small rooms. The hall could not have Ijeen more than fortv feet square, while the height of the room did not exceed ten feet. In those early days it answered the i)urpose to which it was applied, Init today such .a town hall would be looked upon as a subject for ridicule. In this room i many public meetings were held, and it was j notaI)ly used for the assembling of the old-time Ivceums. Here also were held the first services l88 OLD LANDMARKS of both the Trinity Lutheran and the Baptist churches, the Lutheran brethern having util- ized the same many years before the Baptist organization was formed. In the south end of the room was the bell rope, which extended up into the little belfry in the center of the building. The weight of the bell could not have been more than fifty pounds, and it could not Ije heard over a tenth part of the city as it exists today, thottgh at that time it proved an adequate medium for summoning the town folk together. The two rooms in the south end of the building were nearly always occupied for shops or offices, but the four i-ooms north of them were not particularly desirable and were vacant the greater jiortion of the time. Of the two rooms occui)ied one was for many years used as a tail(^r shop l)y Canton's well known pioneer, ^Villiam Lemmon. TJie southeast room was used as the city's first telegraph ofBce, the first operator being the late George R. Saxton. Mas- sillon wa.-- supplied with teleg'raphic facilities somew hat earlier than was Canton, and in fact the first line in Canton was simply a loop from the Massillon office. Li this connection it is also recalled that Massillon also had express ser- vice in advance of the county seat. Before we had any railroads and while packet boats were operated on the Ohio canal, Joseph S. Lock- wood, of ?\Iassillon, established what was known as the Lockwood express, utilizing the packet boats as the means of transportation. BANNER HOMESTEAD AND OTHER EARLY BUILDINGS. \^\■ John Hanneu. The old Danner home was located on West Tuscarawas street and stood on the lot where is now located the residence of Joseph S. Saxton, at the corner of Wells and Tuscarawas streets. The building was erected in the year 1821, by Jacob Danner, father of the writer. After his marriage he began housekeeping in this build- ing and there he and his wife continuously re- sided until death, Jacob Danner having been gathered to his fathers in 1844, while his de- voted wife entered into eternal rest in 1885, having never removed from the lot mentioned. Joseph S. Saxton, who married the only daugh- 'ter of Jacob Danner, erected the present two- stor}' brick residence about forty years ago, and Mrs. Danner thereafter resided with her daugh- ter until she passed away. Jacob Danner was a gunsmith by trade, and for tliis reason he purchased from Bezaleel Wells, proprietor of Canton, a lot just out- side the corporation limits of the little village, in order that he might have a convenient place to test guns and not be subject to town ordi- nances against shooting' firearms within the cor- poration. The original boundaries of Canton were W'ells street on the west, Saxton street on the east. North street on the north and South street on the south, — representing a territory that would offer rather inadequate accommoda- tions for the present city of more than forty thousand population. The old well which the father of the writer had digged at the time the house was built is still in use and may be seen in front of the present building. A few feet south of the well and facing Wells street wms his gunsmith shop. It was a one-story brick building and stood in close juxtaposition to the sidewalk, as did the residence. It was then customary to erect all buildings at the fronts of the lots, and more attention was given to culti- vating gardens in the rear of the dwellings than to proving lawn embellishments in the front. On the west side of the house was the home of Philip Danner, a brother of Jacob, and this building is still standing, having been removed from its original location to the corner of the private alley on West Tuscarawas street. The east of the building was of frame construction and one story in height, and in the same Philip DANNER HOMESTEAD. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 189 Danner carried 011 the business of carpet and coverlet weaving for many years. The shop part was later made a two story building. Mr. Banner's health finally became so impaired as to render it expedient to seek less sedentary em- ployment, ' and he therefore abandoned the weaving business and for a number of years thereafter worked at the carpenter trade, living to a good old age. Many of the older citizens will recall the fact that Philip Danner was a quite successful hunter of wild game, which was here abundant in the pioneer days. He was an excellent marks- man and his method of sighting a gun was al- most phenomenal in its being exceptional to that followed by any other person known to the writer, in that lie kept both eyes open, while the usual plan is for marksmen to close one eye while the other is concentrated on the sight of the gun. It is claimed for Mr. Danner that he killed more deer in his time than did any other man in the county. The block of lots where the Presbyterian churcii now stands was vacant for many years. Finally the walls <^f the old brick church were raised on the same site occupied by the massive and beautiful house of worship, but the original building remained in an unfinished condition for many years, the projectors being able only to erect the walls and supply the roof, and while in this condition the building very naturally be- came a playhouse for the cliildren and very of- ten a shelter for sheep and cattle, which in those days \vandered about in search of pasturage, following the dictates of their own desires with- out molestation on the part of the \illage au- thorities. At the southwest corner of Seventh and Wells streets we entered upon a large field, com- prising some ten acres, and known for years as the Stidger field. It extended west to what is now Marion street and south to our present South street. Not a single building of any de- scriptiiin then stood upon this large vacant space. Since that time it has been brought within the city limits, and fine streets and well paved sidewalks are now in evidence there, as are also manv handsome homes, on High, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth and South streets. Along the west line of this field was a long row of large wild-cherry trees, and these afforded shade for the large gatherings of people on the occasions of the military pai'ades which were customarily held there. The military trainings or musters of those da3fs were as popular throughout the county as were the agri- cultural fairs of the later epoch. The writer well remembers seeing General Augustine, of Osnaburg township, and Capt. George Kreigh- bruim, of Lake township, in attendance at these parades in great display of uniform and trap- pings. William Beales, the saddler and harness- maker, who lived on the lot now occupied by the Methodist Episcopal church, was also an officer of some distinction and was quite active in the yearly musters, as these military assem- blings were commonly designated. On the southeast corner of Tuscarawas street and McKinley a\-enue, where the Young iNIen's Christian Association building now stands, was the blacksmith shop of Francis Pierong, This was a one-story building of frame construction, and adjoining it on the east was another building of similar order, the same being utilized as a tombstone shop by John Pierong, a brother of the blacksmith. The two brothers passed to their reward many years ago, having been active citizens of Canton in their day. ff the Pierong tombstone shop were in operation t(.)day and used the same material as then, it would ha\-e but little patronage, as most of the tombstones of that period were manufactured of sandstone, marble being diffi- cult to secure, i\djoining John Pierong's shop on the east was the hat shop of' Connor Swee- ney, this line of industry being one which has long since been abandoned in Canton and other western towns, as the large factories have ren- igo OLD LANDMARKS (lered the business unprofital^le to the small manufacturer. Mr. Sweeney lived in a one- story frame building adjoining his shop on the east, and thus utilized the block except the lot upon which the Hanna block now stands, which was vacant property for many years. The first building erected on this lot was a frame structure which w^as utilized as a black- smith shop by various persons, and during the campaign of 1840 the historic log cabin was built on the site, and after that Jacob Shaefer erected a two-story brick building, which eventually became the home of the Hurford family, by whom the old landmark was re- moved to give place to the present substantial block. OLD LANDM.VRKS ON THE PRESENT HIGH SCHOOL BLOCK. By John Danner. The block of lots where the high school building now stands, on West Tuscarawas street, was left by the proprietor of the town- site of Canton, Belzaleel Wells, for school pur- poses. The first building there erected for this specific object and use was a one-story frame structure with only one room, and this building was subsequently removed over onto the lot on the northeast corner of Tuscarawas street and McKinley avenue, where for many years it w-as occupied by John McCurdy as a cabinet shop. Tlie first l)rick structure erected on the block was the old academy building, which was a plain building of two stories, about forty b\- ninety feet in dimensions, with a small octagonal tciwer in tlie center of tire roof ridge. This ^vas erected about the year 1816, and in the center of the building was a door wdiich ()])ened intc:i a hall that ran througli Id the rear, while on either side was a schdol room about forty feet sc|uare. b'rom the staircase in the hallway access was aft'orded t-. Today we have twelve or foiu'teen school buildings, each more than twice as large as the old academy, and all well filled in the various departments. Of the two teach- ers who occupied these lower rooms for the longest intervals were Barrak IMichener and Andrew Monks. The former later became a physician, and for many years enjoyed an ex- tensive practice in. and around Massillon. where he maintained his home after leaving Canton. He always occupied the east room during his pedagogic Inliors here, while Mr. Monks, who was a veteran teacher of those times, held forth for many \-ears in the west room. William Dunbar, William I'indkiy, ^Ir. Judd and others followed soon thereafter, and the writer can not recall that any woman was ever a teacher in the old academy, it being unusual for teach- ers tfj be of the fair se.x at that j^eriod. In 1845 the old academy was torn down and the main part of Vv'hat was then the new high school building was erected on the same site. At llie time uf the erection of this school building Trinity Lutheran church was without a house of worship, and for a certain designated consideration the church folk were given the privilege of using' the lower room in the main building as a permanent place for the holding I if their services. This ihev continued to do for a nuniljer of years, when the church society began to feel the need of a larger and independ- ent bouse of worship, while the school board began to realize also the need of the room which had been thus diverted from school purposes, so that there was no difficulty in bringing about an amicaljle adjustment of the matter and in bringing the entire building into utilization for school ]:)urposes. At the time the Lutherans thus worshiped in the LTnion school building old b'ather Abraham I^ichtenwalter, as he was commonly and affectionately known, was one of the faithful and zealous members of the so- ciety, and never failed to be present at the ser- \ices, save by reason of illness or other pro\i- dential hindrances. In the autumn of 1851, at the time of the holding of Stark county's first agricultural fair, . the room which had been used for such chmxli services was br(jught into requisition for the display of furniture and fancy articles, while a part of the Presbyterian church building, across the street, was also utilized that year to accommodate certain departments of the fair, no permanent place being provided at the time. After leaving the school building the Lutli- eran society began worshiping in the new build- ing which the\' had erected on the lot which is the site of their present fine stone edifice. This first l)uilding was a very comfortable and well arranged brick structure and was occupied until the time .when it was torn down to make way for the present edifice. About the time the Lutheran society aljand- oned their room in the first high school or union building, it became evident that there was still an imperative demand for still more room for school purposes, and this led to the erec- tion of the large two-story wing east of the main Iniilding, this having been added some years after the erection of the main building, prex'iously described. It was in the upper room of this new east wing" that the grammar depart- ment was located, and in the sanie ]\liss Anna McKinley, sister of our lamented and martyred President and beloved townsman, \\"illiam Mc- Kinlev. taught for man\' \cirs, being- one of 192 OLD LANDMARKS the most efficient and beloved teachers ever en- gaged in the schools of Canton. Many of the present citizens of Canton revert with pleasure to the days they passed as students in this old building and particularly to those during which thev were under the gracious tutorship of Miss McKinley. In the city today there are but few left who attended school in the old academy building, and of the number one or more gained their entire youthful educational discipline with- in its severe but benign walls. The writer there attended school until he was about thir- teen years of age, and is to be classified with the "one or more" Avho thus ended their school days in a technical sense, though it must be realized that education is not a matter of days but of a lifetime, in every instance. The pres- ent modern and magnificent high school build- ing occupies the site of these historic structures, and of its uses and history it may be the duty of someone of the present day to write in gloAving appreciation after many years have fallen intc the abyss of time, even as the leaves fall in the forest. THE CHRISTMAS AND SHORE HOME- STEADS. By John Dannkr. The two-story frame building that has been the home of the Althouse family for many }-ears, at the northwest corner of Tuscarawas and Wells streets, is a building familiar to all otir old citizens. It was erected about 1830 by the late William Christmas, who was one of the pioneer merchants of Canton. It was in his store that the late Isaac Harter clerked prior to entering into business on his own ac- count. The Christmas store was a one-story frame buiidlng, standing at the location now marked by the eastern entrance to the court house. Mr. Christmas was a most excellent man, and was enterprising and progressive in his business afifairs. He was one of the first and most substantial supporters of the Presby- terian church in Canton. The large brick building a few hundred yards northwest of the power house of the Canton water-works was built by Mr. Christmas and was utilized by him as a tannery, his business in this line having been quite extensive. In later years the build- ing has been used as a brewery. The large body of water which now adds so materially to the beauty of Westlawn cemetery owes its being to Mr. Christmas, who there placed a dam, in order to secure the requisite supply of water for his tanyards. Marks of the old race which connected the dam and the tanyards may yet be distinguished. The old dam was in the early days a favorite resort for the boys of Canton, who utilized it for a fishing place in summer and for skating in the winter season. The old homestead fitst mentioned has un- dergone as little cliange as any house still re- maining of the old landmarks. The contractor who built the house for Mr. Christmas was Henry Barnes, who was at that time a leading carpenter and contractor of Canton. He finally settled on a farm a few miles south of the city, where he died several years ago. The Christ- mas family comprised four daughters and two sons, and it is probable that the family has no representatives in Ohio at the present time. William H. Christmas, the elder son, was a young man at the outbreak of the Mexican war, and he enlisted in the United States army and served until the close of the war, but died shortly afterward, never having returned to Canton. Edward, the younger son, was crip- pled by an accident while a boy, and did not live to attain manhood. Mr. Christmas died in the prime of life and a few years later his wid- ow married Dr. Hall, the children soon leaving the old homestead and becoming widely scat- tered. The brick house north of the old Christmas property, on the northwest corner of Fifth and CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 193 Wells streets, was built about the same time as the Christmas house. The builder was Adam A. Shorb, and he occupied the dwelling for a number of years, his business being that of a potter. About one hundred feet west of the residence stood a two-story brick shop, where crocks, jugs and other styles of pottery were formed and made ready for the kiln, which stood a short distance west of the shop. The parents of Adam A. Shorb, with their three sons and two daughters, moved here from Bal- timore, Maryland, in the early days of Can- ton's settlement. The family were members of the Catholic church and all were excellent citi- zens. The father was one of the prime movers in the erection of the first house of worship for St. John's church, the same having been locat- ed at the northwest corner of McKinley avenue and North street, and while this edifice was in course of erection Mr. Shorb was so badly in- jured by the falling of a timber that he died soon afterward. His widow, familiarly known as "Grandmother" Shorb, lived to witness the completion of the building through whose erec- tion she was bereaved of her husband, and who was a most devoted member of the congrega- tion, while she was loved and respected by all citizens. The old two-story frame house and barn, 719 West Third street, where Miss Har- riet A. Shorb still resides, were built by the Shorbs more than seventy-five years ago, and are among the city's oldest landmarks e.xtant. Adam L. Shorb. cousin of Adam A., was likewise a potter by vocation, and he had his residence and pottery on a large lot on Fulton street, near the present residence of George W. Irwin. In later years he built the two-story brick residence now occupied by Dr. Arter, southeast corner of Tuscarawas and Dewalt streets, where he lived for a number of years, after which he removed to the two-story frame house west of Joseph S. Saxton's, on West Tus- carawas street, where both he and his wife died. Adam A. Shorb was a rather tall man, 12 while Adam L. was somewhat below the medi- um stature, and the citizens commonly desig- nated them as "Big Adam" and "Little Adam." The Shorb family still has a number of repre- sentatives in Stark county, but of the Christ- mas family there are none. A few short years produce great changes in this world. None stood higher or exerted more genuine influence in this community at one time than the Christ- mas family, and yet there is not one of their number left to tell the story. Truthfully can it be said, "The places that know us now shall soon know us no more forever." DEWALT HOTEL AND OTHER LAND- MARKS. By John Danner. The two-story structure of brick at the northeast corner of Tuscarawas street and Cleveland avenue, known for many years as the Whiting corner and later as the Brant cor- ner, was erected about 1820 by Philip Dewalt. It was built for hotel purposes and was thus used by Mr. Dewalt for a time. It had. large round pillars and double verandas, though at the present time the gallery around the second story has been removed, while smaller and square pillars support the roof of the upper porch. The general outlines of the building, however, remain very much the same as they were at the time of its erection, more than eighty j^ears ago. When the hotel was first built it had the reputation of being among the finest in this part of the state. The hotel barn stood on the site of the present Avenue building, southeast corner of Cleveland avenue and Fifth street, and the ground between the house and barn was cultivated as a garden. After keeping hotel for several years Mr. Dewalt retired to a farm a mile northwest of Canton, on the Ful- 194 OLD LANDMARKS ton road, known in later years as the home of Christian Christ and afterward as that of his son-in-law, the late George E. Smith. The old Farmers' Bank of Canton bought the De- walt corner and removed their bank to this building- from its original location in a two- story brick building which stood on the present site of the county jail. Finally the bank met with a number of misfortunes and went into licjuidation, the property being offered at public sale in 1847 and being acquired by the late Dr. L. M. Whiting, who owned it at the time of his death. Dr. Lorenzo M. Whiting came to Can- ton in 1836 and was married the following- year, and he resided in various buildings up to the time of purchasing the Dewalt building, after which he there made his home until his death, in 1884, his wife having passed away twenty years previously. Dr. Whiting suc- ceeded in building up a very large practice among- all classes and was considered one of the county's best physicians and most excellent citizens. His two brothers, Julius Whiting, ,?r., and Dr. A. W. Whiting, became citizens of Canton at a .somewhat later period, and became prominent in local affairs, having the respect and confidence of the citizens in general. Between the two-story building and the Holben building, to the east of the same, was a rme-story brick structure that was used by Dr. Whiting for his otilice for a number of years, while at a later period it was used for various business purposes, and during the incumbency "f the late William K. Miller the room was used as the postofffce of the town. The di- mensions of the building could not have been more than eighteen by twenty feet, and it may readily be imagined how inadequate would be such quarters for the handling- of the local mail ser\'ice of the present day. The two-story l)rick 1)ui]ding east of the old Whiting prop- erty was built in 1829 by Jonathan Holben, and the date tablet is still in evidence in the front of the building. Mr. Holben was a tailor by trade and followed this vocation for many years, while he resided a little to the east of the present German Evangelical church, on East Fourth street. Mr. Holben finally gave up the tailoring business and removed to a farm which he had purchased, in Tuscarawas township, about a mile southwest of Brook- field, where he passed the remainder of his life, his death occurring a few years ago. Immediately east of the Holben building stood a one-story frame building, w^ith gable toward the street, which was used for a number of years as a barber shop, the presiding genius being a negro named Daniel Mead. He was a genial fellow and an excellent performer on the violin, being thus called upon to play for most of the balls and dances in and about Can- ton in those times, the last of which was at Os- naburgh, whither he had been called to render his services at a dancing party. At the close of the festivities an intoxicated man accosted him and threatened to shoot him. Mead responded with a laugh, whereupon the man fired, killing the poor barber, this unfortunate aff'air having occurred about sixty-eight years ago and hav- ing aroused great indignation. The assassin was sentenced to the penitentiary for life, and died about a decade ago, being at that time the oldest inmate in the prison. The old Hurford house, as it now ap- pears, represent the results of several re- modelings. The writer is informed by Mrs. Julius Whiting-, Sr., that her fa- tlier, George Stidger. built the first part of it, which was a two-story brick building, on the corner of Court and Tuscarawas streets, having a door in the corner facing eastward and a hall door in the center, facing Tuscarawas street, there being two rooms opening from each side of the hall, while there were the customary divisions on the second floor, while the dining- room and kitchen were in a one-story addition running northward from the main building. Mr. Stidger built the house for hotel purposes CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. lys and personally conducted business in this line for a short time, being succeeded l)y Mr. Troup. From the fact that a few sessions of the court were held in the ball-room of this building, and that the first court house was not erected until t8i6, it is evident that the Stidger house must have been built as early as 1812 or 1814. After the house had been used for hotel purposes for a number of years the property was purchased by Martin Lohr, who occupied the same until his death, having utilized the same for a resi- dence and also having his general store in the building, where he conducted business for ten or more years, having been one of the first mer- chants in Canton and having previously con- ducted business in a small two-story frame building that stood on the northwest corner of Market and Eighth streets. After the death of Mr. Lohr the property was again used as a hotel, the same having been known for some time as the Franklin house, while among those in charge were Hiram Myers and John D. Sny- der. Mr. Snyder was a veteran landlord, and his first hotel in Canton was in a building lo- cated at the northwest corner of Walnut and Tuscarawas streets, known in early days as the Clark corner and later as Flohr's hotel. After leaving the old Stidger building he con- ducted the old American house, on East Tus- carawas street, long kept by Samuel Stover, and there he continued business tmtil his death. A few years later his widow married the late David J. Begges, and they built and occupied the pleasant residence now standing at 614 North Market street, where Mrs. Begges died, her husl)and later removing to Toledo, where he died a few years later, his remains being brought to Canton for interment. The first hotel to which the name of St. Cloud was applied in Canton was a three-story brick building occupying the site of the present edifice of the First Methodist Episcopal church. This was built and owned by Buckius & Hawk, was well conducted and soon became a popular resort- for the public, but in 1859 this building was destroyed by fire, which spread from the barn adjoining, while a pitiful detail of the disaster was in the burning of several horses. In i860 Buckius & Hawk purchased at sher- it^'s sale the property now known as the Hur- ford house, and reopened a hotel, ■ retaining the name St. Cfeud. From the time Hiram Myers conducted this hotel until the firm men- tioned came into control various changes and additions had been made, including the build- ing of a third story. After about four years Buckius & Hawk sold the house to Peter P. Trump, and later he admitted Alex Hurford to partnership, the latter eventually becoming sole owner. Neither of these gentlemen per- sonally conducted the hotel, but rented the same, among the proprietors being Messrs. Elli- son and Cook, under whose regime it is believed the name of St. Cloud was retained. The building is now four stories in height and has business frontages on Tuscarawas street across the entire facade, these changes having been made since the Hurfords came into possession of the property, which is still used as a hotel. THE OLD LIND HOMESTEAD. By John Danner. The old Lind homestead stood on the south- west corner of Cleveland avenue and Tuscara- was street, occupying the site of- the present Central Savings Bank. Tiie original house was erected by Abraham Lind, who occupied the same for a number of years. As his family included only himself and his wife and their son, Jeremiah, he finally decided that the home- stead was larger than was demanded for the ac- commodation of the family and he therefore built a smaller residence immediately west of the old homestead. This second building was likewise constructed of brick and is two stories 196 OLD LANDMARKS in height. It is still standing on its original site and is one of the old-time residences of the city. The old homestead was considered one of the fine places of the town at the time of its erection. The rear portion of the building was likewise of two stories, but of somewhat less height than the main building. This wing faced on Cleveland avenue and had a double porch or veranda about five feet in width. The old pump that stood so many years on the outer edge of the pavement and in front of the back portion of the home- stead, served a good purpose for a long period, and was removed only a few years ago. Abra- ham Lind was a carpenter and contractor and was one of the leaders in his vocation in Can- ton. He built the old infirmary building about the year if Danner. A building erected by the late Jacob Myers about sixty years ago and occupied by him as his residence until his death, in 1S73, '^ still standing on the original site, at the extreme south end of Cherry street, across the creek and on an elevation which affords a commanding view of Canton and the surrounding country. Jacob Myers was born in Hagerstown, Ma- ryland, in November, 1784, and died in Canton in December, 1873, having thus entered upon his ninetieth year. He came to Stark county in iSii. at which time there were few houses in Canton, while the county was almost a wil- derness. The few citizens then here were al- ways glad to greet newcomers, and their cor- dial \\'elcome was one to be long remem- bered. Jacob Myers loved to relate many of his early experiences and the scenes and in- cidents of his first coming to Canton. In the autumn of iSri he returned to Hagerstown, but came back to Canton the- following year. While he was in Maryland he built a wool- carding machine and also took unto himself a wife, and when he returned to Canton he iM-ought his carding machine, which was the first of the kind in the county. He put the machine in operation in the east part of the town, in what were known for many years as the Rowland mills, and the mill and machine were eventually destroyed by fire. After this Mr. Myers purchased a lot on the southwest corner of Eighth and Market streets, where he again put a carding machine into operation, utilizing horse power. At one time he owned a portion of the land on which the city of Mas- sillon now stands, near the point where the Sippo creek empties into the Tuscarawas river ; some distance up the small stream he built a saw-mill and powder-mill. It is believed that this was the only powder-mill every established in the county. In the early days the Indians , had camps on the west bank of the Tuscarawas river. About 181 5 Mr. Myers sold his Massil- lon property to P'olger & Coffin, and the writer believes they afterward sold it to Mr. Roach, who built a woolen factory further up the stream. In 181 6 Mr. Myers leased the tract of land and later purchased the property. As it was school land he could not purchase the same in the beginning, but by securing a lease as he did, he had the first chance to buy the land when it was placed in the market. Near the residence he erected a flouring-mill, which was one of the first in the county, and at one time it had a large custom. In those days all mills were operated by water power. The east branch of the Nimishillen creek afforded a good supply of water for this purpose, but of course it took hard work and a considerable outlay of money to make all the proper connec- tions. The foundations of the old mill, or a part of the foundation, may yet be seen. The nn'll was burned while owned by George C. Harvey and was never rebuilt. 208 OLD LANDMARKS For want of transportation facilities wheat was unsalable, or if sold, it commanded about twenty-five cents a bushel in the local market. In this condition of things Mr. Myers had ac- cumulated quite a stock of flour, and he ac- cordingly joined Daniel Slanker, owner of what was known as the "high mill," in Jackson township, and together they built a boat on the Tuscarawas river, in 1823, intending to take it down, via the Muskingum river, to the Ohio and thence to New Orleans. They put three hundred barrels of flour on board, together with some pork and whiskey, for Mr. Myers had also built and placed in operation a distil- lery. With a crew of five men, they finally started out with their cargo. The}' could only float with the current and generally tied up along the river banks at night. They proceeded safely but slowly until they reached Zanes- ville, on the Muskingum river. There they collided with a raft of logs, partially wrecking their boat, which soon afterward sank to the bottom of the river. Messrs. Myers and Slan- ker naturally became discouraged, and after making ready to start with what could be saved from their wrecked cargo, they consigned all to John Kincaid and returned to Canton. Kincaid took another course with his cargo and never reported to the owners, so that the entire venture proved a total loss. Dr. Andrew Rappe, who was at that time quite active as a business man in Canton, where he was also engaged in the practice of his pro- fession, also made a similar effort to send a cargo to New Orleans, starting via the Tusca- rawas river, but he proceeded onl}" as far as Zoar, where he abandoned the attempt, dispos- ing of his products as best he could. It is be- lieved that these two attempts to use the Tusca- rawas ri\-er as a navigable stream put an end to further ventures in the line, save in the local points. Mr. Myers began the erection of ills flouring-mill in 1816. and to build a mill, dig a race and construct a dam in those days was a great undertaking. But he persevered and also bm'lt a saw-mill and a mill house for his miller. He also carried on the business of fulling and cloth dressing, which in that epoch was much needed, as the women spun the yarn and made ready the material for making their home-spun cloth and linsey-woolsey, so that carding machines and cloth-weaving looms were much in demand. About 1846 Mr. Myers gave up both the distilling and fulling' business. The former became disreputable, the latter unprofit- able, but the flouring-mill continued in opera- tion until its destruction by fire, as already noted. Jacob Myers was a man of strong convic- tions, and while he might greatly differ with many of his fellow-citizens in his political and religious A-iews, he was uniformly regarded as an honest and upright citizen. He had man}' hard struggles financially, but manfully met all reverses and eventually became free from in- debtedness and had a comfortable home and many friends. His son Washington and his wife are still residing in Canton, and are num- bered among our oldest and most respected cit- izens. William H. H. Myers, the youngest son, now lives in the old homestead, being in advanced years and much respected in the com- munitv. THE SMITH HOMESTEAD. By John Danner. The residence of David Smith, 2216 West Third street, is a veritable landmark of the days long since fallen into the abyss of time. This house, which is located just west of Harrison avenue, was erected in 1820, by Jacob Smith, father of the present occupant, and has been somewhat changed from its original appear- ance, since a porch has been added and a second story to the wing at the west. When this house was built, a brick yard was located a short dis- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 209 tance west of the barn, and in this were manu- factured the brick for the house. At the time of its erection, and until about 1837, the Mas- sillon road passed in front of this house. After leaving the creek the road led to Hazlett avenue, the same as it does at the present time. At that point, however, it bore ofif to the right and came onto Third street a short distance east of the Smith Jionie, thence continuing as at pres- ent up past the Zettler nursery, coming out to the present Massillon road at Reedurban. What is now known as the Massillion road from Hazlett avenue to Reedurban was not then opened. About 1828 Jacob Smith built an oil mill on the site now occupied by the power house of the city water works, near the west branch of the Nimishilien creek. The race which he con- structed for said mill is the same one which is now utilized by the power house. Soon after the completion of this mill Mr. Smith built the two-story brick residence that yet stands on the hill a short distance above the water-works station, and he removed into the new house and left the older one for the use of his children. It has never passed out of the possession of the family and is at present occupied by his son David, as has been already noted. Jacob Smith lived in his house on the hill until his death in 1855, when about eighty-eight years of age. He had four sons and four daughters, all of whom are now deceased except David, who oc- cupies the original homestead. Jacob Smitii was quite acti\'e in the old Re- formed church, of which the late and honored Rev. Peter Herbruck Avas the pastor for more than fifty years. At that time both the Re- formed and the Lutheran churches occupied the old church building which stood on the site of the present German Exangelical Lutheran church, on the corner of Tuscarawas and Her- bruck streets. Before the IMassillon road was changed to its present location as running between Hazlett avenue and Reedurban, an unfortunate accident occurred on this section of the original road, and mention of the same may consistently be made in this connection. Gardner Field, of Massillon, liad been over in Canton attending a ball at Dewalt's tavern, which stood on the site of the present Eagle block. It was in mid- winter and the weather quite cold, and Mr. Field had driven to Canton in his gig, a two- wdieeled and one-seated vehicle, of a type com- mon in those days. The ground was frozen very hard and it was after midnight when Mr. Field started for home, alone. As he did not arrive at Massillon in the morning, search was made for him, and a short distance east of Flooms tavern, or Reedurban, he was found dead, his feet entangled in the reins, while the horse had stopped, with his dead driver lying on the ground. Mr. Field was a most excel- lent citizen and a man of good habits, and it was supposed that he had been overcome by sleep and fallen out of his gig, while his feet became so entangled in the reins that he was dragged to his death, after which the horse stopped. Gardner Field'and his brother William were among the best citizens of Massillon, and the latter was for a number of terms incumbent of the office of justice of the peace in that town. He afterward removed to the capital city of the state, where he served in the same capacity for a number of years, and there he died nearly twenty-fi\e years ago, much respected and loved by all who knew him. In the days first referred to in this article there were several very influential and enter- prising citizens in Massillon, whose names will be remembered by the older citizens of the county today. There were M. D. and H. B. Wellman, who were large dealers in merchan- dise and extensive buyers of wheat. They erected the block of brick buildings which are yet standing on the southwest corner of Main 13 Z lO OLD LANDMARKS and Erie streets in that city. M. D. Wellman built the substantial brick residence yet stand- ing on the northeast corner of Main and Pros- pect streets, there making his home until after the death of his wife, when he removed to Penn- sylvania. He was patentee of the Wellman grate, at one time considered the best manu- factured. H. B. Wellman built the large brick residence on Prospect street about three blocks north of Main and on the east side of the street. He afterward went to Indiana, and, so far as the writer has been able to ascertain, he died in or near the city of Indianapolis. Then there were L. and S. Rawson, who were for many years in the forefront in Massil- lon's early period of prosperity, having been merchants and wheat buyers. Levi Raw- son married a sister of the late R. H. Folger, and he died some years ago, in the city of Cleveland. Silas Rawson married into the Hurxthal family and after the death of his first wife married her sis- ter. He died in Canton a number of years ago. The Johnsons also. were very enterprising merchants and produce buyers of Massillon in the canal days, when that was the great ship- ping point of the county. They built the fine three-story building yet standing on the north side of Main street, on the east bank of the canal. Matthew Johnson was active as a Dem- ocratic politician in his day. Then there were the Hurxthals, who built the brick block west of the canal, on the north side of Main street, the same having been destroyed by fire a few years ago and having been at the time occupied by the Bee Hive store. The building now standing there was built since. Jesse Rhodes, who was quite an extensive wheat l)uyer and who also had a large store on the northeast corner of Tremont and Erie streets, was one nf the most active and enterprising- men of his day, while there were many others iwho might be mentioned. RESIDENXE AND SHOP OF JACOB BUXHER, IN CANTON. By JoHK Banner. Attention is called to another of the prom- inent old landmarks of Canton, the residence and shop of Jacob Bucher, which stood for many years on the southeast corner of Tusca- rawas and Cherry streets, on the lot now oc- cupied by the Barnett hotel. Jacob Bucher came to Canton from Ha- gerstown, ^Maryland, in 1812. Soon after his arrival he became associated with George Dun- bar in the chair-making business, but after a few years he withdrew from that line of enter- prise and built the two-story frame house just mentioned. Tlnere he carried on the Ijusiness of wheelwright for a number of years, occu- pying the front corner room for his shop. From this corner of the building there was suspended a spinning wheel, which served as a sign for his business. Mr. Bncher had the reputation of making the best spinning wheels in the county, and at one time he did quite an extensive busi- ness in that line. He manufactured both the flax and wool wheels. The former were small wheels, requiring a chair for the operator. The distaff which held the flax from which the linen threads were spun was always quite prominent. This is one of the old Bible terms which we read in Proverbs xxxi, 19: "She layeth her hands to the spindle and her hands hold the distaff." Some of these wheels are yet held in a few of our homes, as souvenirs or relics of the days long passed. The larger wheel, used for the spinning of wool, could be operated ( )nly by standing and pacing the floor back and forth as the process of spinning was going on. These wheels also were much in use, and both Icinds were made by Mr. Bucher. Persons would often come from all parts of the county, and from adjoining counties, either to buy new wheels or have old ones repaired. They would CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 21 I usually cijnie iu what were known as Dearborn wagons, the elliptic springs now used on vehi- cles being unknown at that time. What won- derful changes have taken place within the past sixty years. The manufacturer of spinning wheels could no longer carry on his business as in former times. The young ladies no longer learn to spin, save it be to spin "street yarns." We are glad to know, however, that many of the excellent girls of the present day are as in- dustrious and useful as in former times, yet far too many are carried away with the fash- ions and gossip of the times and know but little of the realities of a useful and happy life. Jacob Bucher's wife was a Rex, a sister of old Grandfather Jacob Rex, the tailor, who for many 3'ears carried on business at the northwest corner of Rex and Tuscarawas streets, and who was one of the active and useful members of the Methodist Epis- copal church in Canton. Jacob Bucher and his wife were Lutherans. They had five sons and four daughters, the sons being \\'illiam, Jacob, Joim, Cornelius and Theo- dore. The two eldest and first named became quite prominent as citizens of Massillon. Will- iam, in company with his brother-in-law, Isaac X. Doxsce, was engaged in the tinning and stove business in that place, under the firm name of Bucher & Doxsee. Jacob Bucher, Jr., op- erated a stove foundry in Massillon and was successful, while he was also interested in other enterprises. He built the Bucher opena house in Massillon and was one of the in- fluential citizens of tlie town. John and Cor- nelius Bucher were engaged in the dry goods business in Canton for a number of years, being associated in the same for some time, after whcih the former withdrew. More than thirty-five years ago John R. Bucher disposed of his interest in the mercantile business and became associated with the writer of this article in the building of the stove foundry now known as the Bucher & Gibbs Plow Works. The first products of the foundry comprised only stoves, the name of the firm being Danner & Bucher, the senior member of the firm finally sold his interest and Lewis Gibbs succeeded him, while the enterprise changed its character, being devoted to the manufacture of plows. Theodore Bucher went to Cleveland many years ago and died there. Harriet Bucher, the eldest daughter of Jacob Bucher, married Isaac N. Doxsee, of Massillon, who died some years ago, no children having been born to this union. At the time of writing Mrs. Doxsee is living with her adopted son in Reedurban, a suburb of Canton. Mary Ann Bucher, the second daughter, married Jacob Ruthrauft', who died a few years later, and she afterward became the wife of V. B. Snyder, who was quite active in business in Canton for years, and then removed to Toledo, where both have since died. Amelia married Reuben Haif- ley, who was a resident of Canton for some time, and they removed hence to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where both are living; Cath- erine, was never married and is still living in Canton, having many warm friends in the city. Cornelius Bucher is the only one of the sons now living and is one of the representative citi- zens of Canton. On the south end of the present Barnett hotel lot Jacob Bucher had erected a good-sized frame barn, M'ith its gable facing Cherry street, and this stood on the site until the erection of the hotel. A little east of the Bucher house, on Tuscarawas street, and about midway between the house and Saxton street, stood for many years a one-story frame building, occupied sixty years or more ago as the locksmith shop of the firm of Earnhardt & Youngblut. J. B. Barnhart was the father of Mrs. Joseph Biechele, of this city, and he lived for many years in a frame building which stood on the southwest corner of Tuscarawas and Saxton streets, while his part- ner and brother-in-law, Nicholas Youngblut. li\ed on the southeast corner. Both came from 212 OLD LANDMARKS Germany, and the writer well recalls the time of their arrival, and also that they came often to his father's gunsmith shop to exchange tools, the same kind being demanded in many kinds of work in the two establishments, while the principals of the two were on the best of terms with each other and ever ready to extend accom- modations. Both the scenes and business of those early days have greatly changed. OLD HOME OF THE BELDEN FAMILY. By John Danner. Among the most fashionable and popular homes in Canton two generations ago was that of Hon. G. W. Belden and family. This old brick cottage was the scene of many a happy gathering, not only of the immediate family and relatives, but also of the best citizens of those days. The outlines of the old cottage are still standing on the lot on the northwest corner of Tuscarawas street and Cleveland avenue, but the business building located immediately in front of it has, with other obstructions, con- spired to almost place this fine old home out of sight. When this substantial brick cottage was built by Mr. Belden, the entire grounds in front were kept in fine order, and the interior furnish- ings of the house were of the best of those days. Mrs. Belden was a most excellent and intelli- gent woman, and the home was always a pleas- ant one in which to visit. Mrs. Belden was a most genial and gracious entertainer and the writer bel!e\es that she was a communicant of the Protestant Episcopal church, but as there was no church organization of this denomina- tion in Canton at the time, she generally at- tended the Presbyterian church. About fifty years ago her sister, Mrs. Peter Hugus, also resided here, and she and her husband were both active and consistent members of the Methodist Episcopal church during a residence of about a decade in the town. They went hence to Oma- ha, Nebraska, where they passed the remainder of their lives. Their son, John, is living in Pas- adena, California, and is a man of wide influ- ence in that locality, and a successful business man. George W. Belden was a man of great abil- ity and was the architect of his own fortunes. His parents were of the old New England stock, the father from Massachusetts and the mother from Connecticut. Of the ten children in the family, George W. was the second son. He was born in Canandaigua, New York, Sep- tember 24, 1810, and died in Canton, Ohio, on the i6th of August, 1868, being fifty-eight years of age. For some time the Belden family lived at Middlebury, Ohio, and while there young George worked at the printing business. He afterward assisted in the survey of the Ohio canal and later clerked for som etime in the store of Mathew Johnson, in Massillon. about the year 1828. He began the study of law in the oflice of Hon. David A. Starkweather, in. Canton, in 1829, and the latter part of that year he was appointed receiver of tolls from the canal, in the office of James Duncan. In the early part of 1830, in company with Dr. J. Townsend, he started a newspaper in Massillon, the Massillon Gazette, but early in the history of this enter- prise they turned the paper over to Captain James Allen, who made a success of the pub- lication. The Captain had been previously a citizen of Canton, and was a brother-in-law of Mrs. Harriet Whiting, who still resides here. Captain Allen's wife was an older sister of Mrs. ^^'■hiting. After Mr. Belden disposed of his interest in the Massillon Gazette, he re- sumed the study of law, while for a short time he again held a position in the collector's ofifice in Massillon. In June, 1830, he was united in marriage to Miss Rachel E. McCormick, who proved a most excellent and prudent life com- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 213 panion. They became the parents of three daughters and one son, and the son, Henry S., and the eldest daughter, Sarah B., the wife of Hon. Joseph I-'rease, are yet residents of Can- ton. In 1 83 1, after his admission to the bar, George \V. Belden became a law partner of John Harris, under the firm name of Harris &; Belden, and they gained quite an e.xtensive prac- tice, Mr. Harris having at that time been con- sidered one of the giants in his profession. On the .30th of June, 1834, Governor Robert I.ucas appointed Mr. Belden lieutenant colonel of the First Regiment of Riflemen in Ohio, and in October of the following year he w-as elected prosecuting attorney of Stark county, while in 1836 he received further military honors through his appointment, by Governor Lucas, to the oflice of brigadier general of the Sixth Division of the Ohio state militia. In 1837 Hon. Joseph Vance, then governor of the state, appointed General Belden district judge. After the expiration of his term on the bench, he entered into a professional partnership with the late Louis Schaefier, but shortly afterward he was returned to the bench by popular vote, and after his term of office he united with B. F. Lei- ter in forming the law firm of Belden & Leiter. During the term of this professional alliance his son-in-law, Hon. Joseph Frease, studied law in the office of the firm, as did also Hon. Jc* seph Pool, who later attained distinction as judge of the superior court in New York City. After these various changes Judge Belden was again called to this district bench, and after retiring therefrom he and his son-in-law, Joseph Frease, formed a professional partnership, un- der the title of Belden & Frease. After a few years of successful practice, the firm was dis- solved, owing to the fact that Mr. Belden had received the appointment of United States attor- ney, while Mr. Freas was elected to the bench of the court of common pleas, which office he ably filled for a number of terms. Finally Judge Belden again resumed the practice of his pro- fession, taking into partnership a young man who was then but little known, but who had the love and esteem of those with whom he be- came acquainted, and that was William McKin- ley, Jr., our late revered and martyred Presi- dent. Judge Belden passed the remainder of liis long and useful life in Canton, and his memory is revered by those who have recogni- tion of his life and services. FA^OLUTION OF A CANTON CORNER. By John Danner. The remodeling and enlarging of the old ^lathews block, now known as the Mrs. George D. Harter block, whereby the whole lot, sixty- seven by one hundred feet in dimensions, was covered by the one store building, reminded the writer of the changes that have there taken place since he first knew the location. When he was a boy of about nine years, the site was occupied Ijy a two-story frame building, standing at the corner of Market and Eighth streets. This building was only eighteen by twenty-eight feet in dimensions, and it is yet standing at 708 South High street. When Dr. J. H. Mathews built his three-story brick block on South Mar- ket street, the old frame building was moved to the northeast corner of High and Michael streets, its present location. New siding has since been put on the house and an addition built on the rear, but the main building remains practically the same as. when first erected, more than seventy years ago. In the south half of this building, Martin Lohr had his dry-goods store, while the balance of the building was used as his residence. He later removed to a two- story brick building on the northwest corner of Tuscarawas and Court streets, w^hich was the original part of the Hurford hotel. Mr. Lohr there continued in the mercantile business until 214 OLD LANDMARKS his death, some ten years later. Mrs. Lohr was an excellent assistant in the store. In those days lady clerks were not employed, but some- times the wife of the proprietor would assist, and Mrs. Lohr did this admirably. They had one son, Menias Lohr, who would occasionally assist in the store, though he devoted most of his time to other occupations. He became the father of several children, and his death here occurred several years ago. Martin Lohr Avas devoted to his business and was very frugal, so that he succeeded in accumulating a consid- erable amount of property. For some time he owned the entire block of lots on the east side of Cleveland avenue between Eighth and Ninth streets, finally selling to George Rank, who built for a residence the two-story brick building now occupied by the Woman's Exchange, and also the three-story block occupied by the plumbing establishment of Theobold & Com- pany. Mr. Rank erected the latter building for a planing mill and carpenter shop, and he thus utilized it until his death. Martin Lohr also owned the entire block of lots where the United Brethren church now stands, on the east side of Cleveland' avenue between Tenth and South streets, and a portion of this block was the last to pass out of the possession of Menias Lohr, his only son. Immediately north of the little two-story buildi-ng first mentioned in this article stood a one-story building of frame construction and about fifteen by twenty feet in dimensions. This was used by Esquire Dunbar as his office, he having been incumbent of the position of jus- tice of the peace for a number of years. It was also used as the postoffice of the town at one time, and for various other purposes at differ- ent intervals. Both of these buildings stood on the lot now owned by Mrs. George D. Har- ter. On the next or middle lot of said black was a one-story frame building, and adjoining this on the north was a two-story frame build- ing. These two buildings were occupied sev- enty years ago by Dr. Gardner, as office and res- idence, respectively. After his death the prop- erty passed into the hands of Dr. Robert Estep. who utilized them for the same purpose as had his predecessor. Dr. Estep built up an excellent practice and was known as one of the leading physicians and surgeons of this section. He was the father of Dr. Joseph Estep and the late James B. Estep, who was engaged in the dry goods business in Canton and later in ]\Iassil- lon, while later he removed to Cokimbus, Ohio, where he passed the remainder of his life. Dr. Joseph Estep entered into his fathers extensix'e practice and well upheld the professional pres- tige of the name. He died several years ago. and the property mentioned soon afterward passed into the possession of Louis Dumont. who erected the present building on the site, the two frame building's having been destroyed by fire. The older citizens will recognize these hur- ried outlines as correct, and to the younger folk it may prove entertaining as a part of the history of the growing city of Canton. THE HAZLETT PROPERTY. The McKinley block, southeast corner of the public square, is familiar to everyone in Canton and to multitudes outside the city. Sixty years ago this was well known as the Hazlett corner. James Hazlett built a fine two-story brick Iniilding there more than eighty years ago. In the corner room next to the square he con- ducted his mercantile business for a number of years. It was called a dry-g'oods store, but all such establishments in the early days kept some groceries, hardware and crockery in stock, in CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 215 connection with the general stock of dr^ goods, ' wliile in exchange for goods were received va- rious kinds of country produce, such as butter, eg"gs, lard, dried fruit and other smaller prod- ucts of the farm. Mr. Hazlett also bought a great many liides and pelts, since he also con- ducted a tan yard, which has been described in a preceding article. This tan yard was located one block east of his store, and in making ex- cavations in later years for the brick building now standing on tlie lot several of the old tan- ning vats were found. James Hazlett was also interested in a furnace located in North Indus- try and known as the Congress furnace. The writer can well remember the old-style ten-plate stoves manufactured there and bearing upon them the inscription, "Congress Furnace." John and Matthey Laird were interested with Mr. Hazlett in the furnace business. The brick building erected by Mr. Hazlett on the site of the present McKinley block is still an integr.'il jjortion of the modern and attract- ive block which bears the name of the late and martyred President, whose interest in his home city of Canton remained insistent and deep until the time of his tragic death. James Hazlett re- tired from the mercantile business about 1843, and his store room was thereafter vacant for a number of years. In 1849 t^^ writer returned to Canton from Massillon, where he had resided for nine years, and rented from Mr. Hazlett this store, in which he conducted his clothing and merchant tailoring business. Finally finding the room too small for the proper accommoda- tion of the enterprise he pre\-ailed upon Mr. Hazlett to enlarge the store by taking in the hall and parlors of the residence portion of the building, and the business was continued in the enlarged quarters until 1858, when it was sold to Herman Meyer and Solomon Fisher, who had been clerks in the store and who there con- ducted a successful business for a number of years. The rooms were later changed, while various lines of business have been there con- ducted prior to the final remodeling of the block and the building of the present fine structure. James Hazlett had four sons and two daughters, namely : William, Isaac, James, Robert, Mary and Emma. All are now deceased except tlie last named. William Hazlett be- came a successful physician in Pittsburg; Isaac was an attorney and held the office of probate judge for some time; James, Jr., finally re- moved to Iowa, where he became successful in business, his death there occurring several years ago; Roljert died before attaining his majority. The writer lielieves that Canton has ne\er had a family of higher reputation for honesty and reliability than the Hazlett family. Mrs. Haz- lett was a sister of the late John and Matthew Laird. Isaac Hazlett will be remembered by many as having been the second incumbent of the o.flice of probate judge in the county. Judge George W. Raff having been the first. James Hazlett, Sr., was likewise known as judge, as he had been appointed one of the associate judges under, the old regime. Judges Loutzen- heizer and Christmas, as well as Judge Welker, of Perry township, all gained their titles in a similar way, none of these having been lawyers. The adoption of our present constitution, more than half a century ago, abolished this judicial office. James Hazlett, Sr., had one very prom- inent peculiarity, and that was that he was ex- tremely episodical in conversation. In speaking of any person or event he could not avoid refer- ence to contingent circumstances and various incidental allusions, thus making his story of far greater length than it would have been given liy the average man. But all who knew him loved hini and regarded him as a true and hon- est man, and when time was not making insist- ent demands all enjoyed listening to him, but those in a hurry would sometimes wax restless. Most persons have some peculiarity of idiocyn- cracy, and this was the peculiarity of Mr. Haz- lett, who built and occupied for years what is now known as the McKinlev IjJock. 2l6 OLD LANDMARKS THE OLD BEGGES BUILDING. By John Danneu. On the lot now occupied by the Commercial block, on the northeast corner of Market and Seventh streets, there was erected about eighty- five years ago a good substantial frame build- ing of two stories. It was built by James Begges, father of the late David J. Begges, and was occupied by the former as a residence and store until his death, in 1830. James Begges was among the first merchants to locate in Can- ton. He came here from New Lisbon, Ohio, his brother, Da\id, of that place, having been greatly interested in the building of the Sandy & Beaver canal, which ran from the Ohio river, near Smith's Ferry, to Bolivar, this state. The canal was completed but was never practical, only one boat ever passing through the same. This ventui'e proved a great financial loss to David Begges. while others were so crippled by the incidental loss of their investments that they never fully recovered. James Begges was a young man at the time of his death, and his widow and their son, David J., lived in the house mentioned for a number of years after he had passed away. David J. clerked for a num- ber of years in the store of the late Isaac Harter, and about this time his mother became the wife of Judge William Henry, of Wooster, Ohio, whither she moved, her son remaining in Can- ton. After clerking for Mr. Harter, Mr. Begges was fortunate in securing a legacy from some of his relatives and he then engaged in business for himself, opening a china and toy store on the east side of south public square, where he did a good business for a number of years. Ray J. Bour was one of Mr. Begges' first clerks and in this capacity gained his first experience in the crockery business. The store in the Begges building occupied the south room, and the room north of the hall was used as a par- lor by the family, while the remainder of the building was also adapted to residental pur- poses and thus used by the family. It was in this store that the late Martin Wikidal began his mercantile career in Canton, and there he continued several years, after which he pur- chased the Joseph Shorb property, which was the middle lot of the present court house block, and there he maintained his mercantile busi- ness until he retired permanently from the same, eventually selling the property to the county for the use to which it is now applied. While Mrs. Begges was yet residing with her son in this house the Rev. Timothy M. Hopkins, then pastor of the I'resbyterian church, rented the room over the store for the purpose of opening a select school, and at this time an outside stair- way was constructed, to aft'ord access to the school room without interfering with the re- maining part of the house. In those days we had no public schools, all being privately conducted and maintained, and as the Rev. Mr. Hopkins was a competent schol- ar and a very genial and popular man, his school room was soon filled with the best young folk of the town, among the families represented be- ing the Hazletts, Saxtons, Kimballs and other leading ones. The Presbyterian church at that time was quite weak, and from the support given the pastor in the maintaining of his school the church was enabled to keep so excellent a man much longer than it could have otherwise, without extraneous support from some other source. The school continued for some time and will lie remembered by many of our older citizens. The Begges building stood until 1851, when the property was purchased by the Farmers' Lhiion, when the old frame building was re- moved and the present three-story Ijrick build- ing erected. The Farmers' Union, a stock con- cern, also engaged in the mercantile and milling business, having purchased the brick mill of John Shorb, as is noted in the article descriptive of that and other mills, on preceding pages. This companv soon became financially in\'olved CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 217 and finally the building passed into the hands of Louis Koons, while it is the belief of the writer that it is still owned by his heirs. For quite a time the large hall on the third floor of this building was the largest and best public hall in the city. Concerts, lectures and Sunday school entertainments were often held in this room, which was comomnly known as Commer- cial Hall. Finally other assembly rooms more easy of access became available, through the erection of new buildings, and the old Commer- cial Hall was finally abandoned for such uses. The grading on Seventh street at this point has made considerable change in the surround- ing properties. At the time the Begges build- ing was standing on the corner the ground from Market street to the back part of said building was almost level, and from there on the hill was quite steep, while it descended lower than the present level of Piedmont street at that point. This hill was a favorite coasting place for the boys of the town. Mrs. Begges removed to Wooster after her marriage to Judge Henry, as before stated, and after his death she returned to Canton and with her son erected a pleasant cottage on North Market street, a short distance above Calvary Presbyterian church, and now owned and occu- pied by Mrs. F. M. VVertz. D. J. Begges mar- ried Mrs. J. D. Snider and with his wife and mother he resided in the cottage mentioned until both his wife and mother died, and they are laid to rest in Westlawn cemetery, as was also Mr. Begges, who died when well advanced in years. Many will remember that D. J. Begges was, familiarly known as "Doc" Begges. This was not because he ever studied medicine or had practiced, but was due to the fact that when he was a small boy he often went into Dr. Simmons' office and said he wanted to be a doc- tor. To please the little fellow, Dr. Simmons would occasionally give him a vial or two filled with colored water, which greatly pleased the youngster. In his mature years there is no indication that he ever manifested any desire to study or practice medicine, but the title of "Doc" clung to him until his death. Such are the trifling incidents which some times perpet- uate sobriquets or nicknames from youth to old age. THE OLD SHORB CORNER. By John Danneh, The Cassilly block, on the southeast corner of Market and Tuscarawas street, is familiar to all citizens of Canton. Sixty years ago a two-story brick building stood on this corner, which was then known as Shorb's corner. The building was erected by Jacob Shorb, the grand- father of Thomas and Edward Cassilly, who now own this fine and valuable property. The building there erected in' Jacob Shorb had but two store rooms, on Market street, there being one on either side of the central hall, which served as an entrance to the residence portion of the building. The store room on the left of the hall vvas the corner room and was occupied by the general store conducted by Mr. Shorb. The room at the right of the hall was occupied for some time by Peter Cassilly, for general merchandising, gi^oceries constituting the mo.st important part of the enterprise. After this George W. Sickafoos had a general store in this room for a number of years. He removed from Canton to Freeport, Illinois, where he contin- ued in the mercantile business until his death, several years later. His wife was a daughter of Mr. Vogelgesang, who lived three miles southwest of Canton. After Mr. Shorb gave up his mercantile business, the room which had been his head- quarters was occupied for some time by D. B. Pecker, who there conducted a dry-goods busi- ness. One of his principal clerks was Daniel Burget, who came here from the village of 2l8 oLd landmarks Paris, this count}-. He was a very good mu- sician and was popular among the young folk of those times. Afterward the room on the corner was occupied for a number of years by the late Joseph Hartman, where, he had his clothing and merchant-tailoring establishment. For quite a time his son-in-law, Peter Shimp, was associated with him in business. Mr. Shimp came here from Osnaburg, and he will be well remembered by many of our older citizens. He clerked for a number of years in the dry-goods store of O. T. Browning, but after his marriage to Miss Elizabeth Hartman he became associa- ted with his father-in-law in the business men- tioned. Later he removed to Chicago, where he became cjuite successful in the real-estate business. Both he and his wife died a number of years ago. It was in this same Shorb corner that Schill- ing & Herbruck afterward engaged in the dry- goods business. The firm was composed of John Schilling and Augustus Herbruck. That part of the lot of the Cassilly block now occu- pied as an eating house was vacant for a number of years, but was eventually built up with a two-story structure of the same de- sign and construction as the remainder of the building previously erected. This store was occupied for some time b}- Henry H. Myers, Avho was there engaged in the dry-goods busi- ness. Afterward Patton & Saxton there con- ducted a gTocery, and still later D. J. Begges had his grocery and toy store in the rootn. The old two-storj' building first erected on this corner by Jacob Shorb ran back about seventy feet on Tuscarawas street. Beyond that to Piedmont street were wooden build- ings, mostly one story in height. Near the cen- ter of this cluster of frame buildings was a two- stf>ry house, and in this C. C. A. Witting con- ducted his drug business for several years, util- izing the rear portion and second floor of the building- for residence purposes. On the east end of the lot. up to Piedmont street, stood two one-story frame buildings, with quite a number of attachments, the same having been occupied for many years by the late L. Boerner for his bakery and also for residence purposes. The present three-story block, known as the Cassil- ly block, was built by the Cassillys in 1868, but originally extended east from Tuscarawas street only about one-half the length of the lot. A number of years later they completed the east- ern part, down to Piedmont street. As the building now stands there are three good store rooms on Market street and quite a number on Tuscarawas street, together with many rooms and offices on the second and third floors, mak- ing the block one of the important ones in Can- ton. One thing is particularly noticeable in connection with this building, — the tenants are usually permanent, some of the occupants hav- ing been there for more than twenty years, while many of them have been tenants for peri- ods varying from ten to fifteen year.s. There are very few properties in Canton that have remained in the same famil}' connection for so long a period as has this building, — an interval of nearly a century. Jacob Shorb was a native of Maryland and was a cousin of John, Adam A. and Joseph Shorb. He removed to Stettbenville, Ohio, and was there engaged in merchandising for several years, after which he removed to Columbiana county, whence he came shortly afterward to Canton, about the year 1813. He had one son, Jacob, Jr., who assisted him in his store and who died at the age of about forty years, a bachelor. Of the two daughters, the elder was • Catharine, who became the wife of Peter Cas- silly. They resided a number of years in Zanes- ville, and there the eldest of their four sons died, while the youngest died in Canton, when quite young. The two living are Thomas A. and Edward A. Cassilly, who yet own this valua- ble property. The former resided here several years, but is now living in Maryland. Edward A. lives on one of the Cassillv farms, near Canal CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 2 19 Fulton, in this county. The _younger daughter of Jacob Shorl) was Miss Louisa, who died about 1850, when about thirty -five years of age, her motlier dying within twenty-four hours of her demise. There were three branches of the Shorb family to settle in Canton between 1807 and 1815. First there was John Shorb and his family. He was the father of John, Adam A. and Joseph Shorb, who were so w'ell known here fifty years ago. Jacob Shorb, who is so frequently mentioned in this series of articles, was a cousin of the three last named, and Adam L. was a son of still another brother of the older Shorbs. They were Catholics and were excellent citizens. THE OLD HAAS HOMESTEAD. Bt John Danneh. The citizens of Canton and surrounding country well remember George B. Haas, who for so many years carried on the business of making chairs and other furniture in the build- ing which still stands at the southwest corner of Rex and Tuscarawas streets. The Ixulding has been improxed by the placing in of larger windows, gi\ing an open front for business pur- poses, but otherwise it remains practically the same as ^^'l^en erected, about seventy-five years ago. George Buckeye Haas was a native of Vir- einia, and came to Canton when about sixteen years of age. Flis father. Rev. Fred Haas, had five other sons, Frederick, Benjamin, John, William and Luther, and a daughter, Margaret. He was a clergyman of the Lutheran church and was in charg'e of the congregation of that denomination in Canton for some time in its early history. In 1841 George B. Haas mar- ried Miss Elizabeth Ely. She was a noble wom- an and one held in aft'ectionate regard in this comnumity. She came here from Washington, Pennsylvania, several years prior to her mar- riage, making the entire trip on horseback. A year or two after their marriage Mr. Haas took up their residence in the building mentioned and there resided until the death of the former, in 1878. Thereafter Mrs. Haas continued to re- side there for several years, and then she made her home with her daughter, Mrs. Ada B. Cox, until she was summoned into the life eternal, about two years ago, at the venerable age of eighty-two years, her husband having been sixty-five years of age at the time of his demise. They became the parents of two children, Mr."^. Ada B. Cox and Marshall E. In 1861 the lat- ter enlisted as a member of Company F, Fourth Ohio \'o]unteer Infantry, and he participated in a number of the important battles of the Re- bellion, including those of Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. At Morton's Ford, Virginia, he was wounded, a ball hav- ing pierced his bofly, and the effects of this in- jury clung to him until his death, in 1876. He was married and later removed to Centralia, Illinois, i.vhere he died, leaving a widow and one son. He was a \'ery excellent young man and was taken in the prime of life. George B. Haas was a natural mechanic and took great delight in handling tools, and he con- ' tinned in the manufacturing of furniture in the building mentioned, for a long term of years, having been an expert workman. The ware- room and salesroom were in the eastern part of this house, while the remainder of the building was used as the family residence. About fifteen feet south of this building, on Rex street, was the workshop, and these two buiklings were connected by an elevated open platform, where- on most of the furniture was placed for paint- ing on pleasant days. Chairs in those early days were not turned out by machinery as now. Mr. Flaas would often load up a large wagon full of chairs and go to Waynesbung, Magnolia and other villases within fifteen miles of Can- 220 OLD LANDMARKS ton and dispose of the products, while his ware- rooms in Canton were kept constantly supplied with stock for the local trade. In later years he became associated with the late William Prince in the undertaking business, and for some time they were the only undertakers in the town. After that came the late J. B. Mc- Crea and a number of others. Caskets were not kept in stock as at the present time, the old- style coffins being manufactured to order as needed, and thus delays occurred very often and work was done at unseasonable hours in order to make ready for the appointed time for burial. The question has been asked as to whether or not Mri. Haas personally erected the old home- stead, and the writer is not able to give a posi- tive answer to the query, though he is quite cer- tain that Mr. Haas was not the builder, since personal recollection authorizes him to state that such a house was there standing as early as 1836. The records show that Bezaleel Wells sold the lot to Jacob Rapp in 1815, and that he did not dispose of the same until 1838, when it was transferred to John H. Boltz, while two years later it was sold by the sheriff to Hiram Myers, who later sold the property to Michael Rohrer. who held it about ten years and then sold it to Mr. Haas. Thus it is to be inferred that the building was erected by Jacob Rapp, and this must have occurred about seventy-five years ago. Many changes have been made since the erection of the building, but the prin- cipal exterior improvements was that of the introduction of the open front. This property has now passed into the possession of Philip Wild and brother, the consideration being twenty-two thousand dollars, and it is quite certain that within a short time a modern busi- ness block, in harmony with the many other fine buildings which have lieen erected in the city, will be built thereon. It will be but a short time before all these old landmarks, now so familiar to us, will have given place to new structures, and none can re- gret the march of improvement, even though cherishing the memories and associations of the past. . THE LEMMON HOMESTEAD. By John Dannkr. At 230 North Cleveland avenue in the city of Canton is an historic brick house which was for more than sixty-three years the home of one of the city's patriarchal citizens, William Lemmon, who lived to attain the age of nearly a century. The house was erected by David Agnew, in 1833. He came here from Pennsyl- vania in 1829, having been a tailor by trade, and Mr. Lemmon came here at the same time, having been an apprentice of Mr. Agnew. Mr. Agnew occupied the house mentioned until 1839 or 1840, when he left Canton. In the meanwhile Mr. Lemmon had completed his ap- prenticeship, and in 1840 he was united in mar- riage to Catherine Knapp, of West Brook- field, Ohio. Shortly afterward he purchased the Agnew property and there took up his resi- dence. This was his home during the entire period of his married life save for a brief in- terval prior to his purchase of the property. David Agnew was a stanch Democrat and rather zealous as a politician. During the lat- ter part of the administration of ]Martin Van Buren INIr. Agnew obtained a few names to a petition for obtaining the office of postmaster in Canton, but the citizens rebelled and, after several public meetings, succeeded in securing the appointment of Henry Kline as postmaster. He retained this position several years, having the postoffice in a one-story brick building that stood at 210 North Market street, this old structure having long since given place to the three-story brick building now located on the site. This disappointment to Mr. Agnew, as well as the general drift of affairs, did not CANTON AND STARK COUNTY,, OHIO. 221 please him and he consequently disposed of all his interests in Canton and left the town. In 1837 the two-story frame market house that stood in the center of the north puhlic square was completed, and Messrs. Agnew and Lemmon occupied one of the rooms on the second floor of said building for their tailor- ing business, and there Mr. Lemmon continued the business after Mr. Agnew removed from Canton. He there remained until i860 when the market house was removed to the northeast corner of Cleveland avenue and Eighth street and converted into an engine house, Mr. Lemmon removed his tailor shop into the one-story brick building which had been utilized as the postoffice by Mr. Kline, as before noted. Later he continued the busi- ness at his residence until the infirmities inci- dental to advanced age compelled his retire- ment. He was consecutively engaged in the work of his trade about seventy-five years. Mrs. Lemmon was a most worthy woman, her death having occurred a few years ago. Mr. and Mrs. Lemmon had six sons, four of whom are living at the time of this writing. Mr. Lemmon became a member of the Presbyterian church in 1833 ^^^^^ ^"^^^ ^^'^'' afterward a consistent and zealous worker in the same dur- ing his active career, his noble wife having likewise been a member of the church until her death. The older Cantonians will well remember Mrs. Lemmon's flower garden, just north of the residence, as well as her gener- osity with the flowers which she loved so well. She was always ready to share with others not only the blossoms but also the seeds and bulbs and roots from her carefully tended garden. She was a true and excellent wife, a loving mother and kind neighbor, and it can be said of her that she did what she could to make others happy. There are very few of the old citizens of Canton who have not at some time worn clothing made by Mr. Lemmon. He was always industrious, honest and upright and much respected by all who knew him. The house which was so long the home of this \\orthy citizen has the same e.xterior ap- pearance as when first erected, seventy years ago. When JNIr. Lemmon purchased the prop- erty the house was not fully completed on the inside, and he finished the interior and also made an addition in the rear, but the front ele- vation remains practically unchanged. THE OLD KIMBALL BUILDING By John Danner. The old Kimball store building, east side of the public square, was erected about 1845 by V. R. Kimball, who was one of Canton's most extensive and progressive merchants in his day. When this store was first built it was about half the depth of the building as it stands today, the extension having been put on during its use by the present occupant, George H. Spangler. When the building was erected it was looked upon as one of the largest and most modern business blocks in the county. At that time the large windows were not en- closed by single plates of glass as at the present, a number of smaller panes being used. V. R. Kimball was a native of the state of New York and was a tanner by trade, following this occu- pation for some time after coming to Canton, about 1827. He came here as foreman of the new tan yard established by William Christ- mas, the same having been described in a pre- ceding article. He proved a valuable man in this connection but the position was not one that could permanently satisfy as well quali- fied a man as was Mr. Kimball for the handling of an independent enterprise. A few years after coming here Mr. Kimball decided to enter business on his own re- 222 OLD LANDMARKS sponsibility, and accordingly opened a store in the two-story building then known as the Kitzmiller building, just north of and adjoining the building mentioned in the head- ing of tliis article. In this Kitzmiller build- ing Mr. Kimball built a very extensive mercan- tile business, while he also established a tannery, as has been noted in a foregoing article relative to that class of enterprise in Canton in the early days. He was a man of more than ordi- nary ability and of energy and enterprise, and he rallied about him men and clerks who were efficient and accommodating, so that in a short time he built up one of the most extensive busi- ness concerns in this region. He also had a warehouse and entered more generally into the purchase of country produce than did any other merchant then in Canton. Associated in busi- ness with him for a time was his sister's hus- band, John P. Harley, who likewise was an active and enterprising business man. One of Mr. KimlialTs efficient and popular clerks was David A. Dangler, who has since become a prosperous and representati\^e business man of Cleveland, being the head of the Dangler Stove Manufacturing Company, of that city. After a few years of successful business Mr. Kim- ball married Miss Craighead, who was a most noble woman and devoted Christian, being an active member of the Presbyterian church. As nearly as the writer is able to recall the facts, Mr. and IMrs. Kimball became the parents of four sons and three daughters. The eldest daughter. Miss Josephine, is living with her Ijrother. R. C. Kimball, in Brooklyn, New York, and tlie other two daughters are de- ceased. R. C. Kimball has become a successful business man in New York city. William G. is residing in Tiffin, Ohio, and has been prospered in temporal affairs. Thomas W. Kimball died a numljer of years ago, and it is believed that the youngef son, Arthur, is also a resident of New York. It should not be forg-otten that Thomas W. Kimball was tlie pioneer in the whtjlesale grocery business in Canton, and he was succeeded by the firm of B. Dannemiller & .Sons, whose success has been noteworthy. Thomas W. Kimball also erected the residence which has since become so well known as the home of our lamented president, William Mc- Kinley. The house has been enlarged and re- modeled since that time but it continued to be the home of Mr. Kimball until his removal from Canton. After the death of his first wife V. R. Kimball married the widow of George Faber, and their one daughter, Jessie, is now the wife of Paul D. Rider, of this city. Mr. Kimball \\\t(\ only a few years after his second mar- riage, and was about fifty-six years of age at the time of his death. His son, R. C. Kimball, who \isited Canton somewhat more than a year ago, has passed the seventieth milestone on the journey of life and is still energetic and in good health. He loves to revert to the scenes and events of his early life in Canton. At the time of his birth the family resided in a house which stood in the center of the east side of the north public square. About 1835 ^'''^ father purchased the lot on which the Baptist church now stands, on the southwest corner of Market and Ninth streets, a good two-story brick house ha\ ing previously been erected on said lot. This was the home of the family thereafter until the death of the father, and so the children have no recollection of any other home in Canton. To show the appreci- ation in the value of property in Canton since ]Mr. Kimball purchased that lot, with its ex- cellent house and good barn, we may say that he paid for the same only fifteen hundred dol- lars. In 1870 the Baptist congregation pur- chased the property for eight thousand dollars and had all the old buildings removed to make room for their present large church edifice, which was erected the following year. About the same time that Mr. Kimball purchased this property the two lots just south of it, upon CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 223 one. of which was a good two-story frame house, was sold by John Slusser, as admuiis- trator of the estate of PhiHp Slusser, for the nominal consideration of six hundred dollars. It seems almost impossible to believe that at any time property so centrally located could have been so cheap in Canton. But those were dark days for the town. We had no rail- roads or, otlier means of transportation save by recourse to the Ohio canal, with Massillon as the shipping point, and this circumstance gave that place a great advantage over Canton until the advent of railroads. Notwithstand- ing, however, that Massillon was attracting much trade to the disadvantage of the county seat, V. R. Kimball controlled a large busi- ness here and bought much produce. His rep- utation as an enterprising business man ex- tended all over the county. THE OLD DUNBAR HOMESTEAD. By John Danner. \'ery few of the citizens of Canton passing on West Eighth street and seeing the build- ing on the southeast corner of Eighth and Court streets, now occupied by J. A. H. Green- wood as a restaurant, realize that the building when first built was the home of some of the best families in Canton, yet such is the fact. The house was built about sixty-five years ago, as the residence of George Dunbar. It originally stood on the southwest corner of Market and Eighth streets, immediately across the street from the new Mclvinley hotel. When first Ijuilt it was considered one of the nicest residences in Canton, but when it was moved to the west end of the lot and converted into a business room the founda- tion was made much lower than before. The whole front was changed and the nice projecting cornice in front taken down. The side cornice on Court street has been left as originally built and the pitch of the roof is as at first built, but outside of these two features the house would not be recognized as the pleasant home of George Dujibar and family. George Dunbar was an excellent and in- telligent citizen, a chairmaker by trade. He had four brothers and two sisters, all active and useful citizens. They were Captain John E. Dunbar, who was quite an artist ; William Dunbar, who was an excellent school teacher and w'ho was also admitted to the bar for the practice of law. At one time he edited and published the Stark County Democrat. He afterwards moved to Mt. Vernon, where he published a Democratic paper and was a use- ful and active citizen until his death, some years ago; Robert Allison Dunbar, who was for many years in the sheriff's office, either as sheriff or deputy, and was quite popular; Hor- ace P. Dunbar, who was a lawyer of considerable reputation and influence in his day. The one sister was Mrs. Sowers, the wife of the late Judge Eli Sowers, and the oth- er was married to Dr. John Sala, who at one time was one of our best citizens. The father of these five brothers and two sisters was George Dunbar, Sr. He, in his lifetime, was also a man of much influence. For quite a time he held the office of justice of the peace and was also postmaster fori some time. For some years be lived in a frame house that stood on the lot where Kenny Brothers' big store is now located. The last years of his life were spent in his home at the southeast corner of Cleveland avenue and Third street,, where he died many years ago. He was quite old at the time of his death. George Dunbar, Jr., who built the house we describe, had but two children, a son, named George, who left in early life for the west and died when but a young man : and Ethalinda Dunljar, who married a ^Methodist minister by 224 OLD LANDMARKS the name of High. She has also been dead for some years. When the tirst excitement broke out about the discovery of gold in California, in 1849, George Dunbar left his pleasant home just spoken of, and went to California. Almost all of the journey had to be made overland, and it took from six to eight weeks' hard travel to go from this region to California. Many lost their lives in their first attempts to go there, some being attacked by warlike Indians and others by exposure and fatigue. George Dunbar made the journey successfully, but died shortly thereafter. To the best of my recollection all the Dunbars, from the j'oung- est to the oldest, were Democrats, but they had the respect of the Whigs and others op- posed to them in politics. After the death of George Dunbar, who built the home described, the widow remained there for a few years, after which the late George W. Raff bought the propeinty and oc- cupied it for several years, after which he sold it to L. V. Bockius, who was married in 1855 and very soon thereafter moved into this same house. He never added much to it. but kept it in good repair and well painted. Mr. Bock- ius and family continued to live in this house for almost twenty-nine years. Mrs. Bockius. who is still living, says that all their, children were born in this house. Before George Dunbar built his line cottage home on the corner of Market and Eighth streets there stood there a two-story frame building which was occupied eighty years ago by Joseph Trout and family. Joseph Trout, Jr., who died about eight years ago, was born in this house and so were others of that family. The elder Joseph Trout was a good stone mason and said he was induced to come to Canton by John Shorb, Sr., to help build the first house of worship of the St. John's Cath- olic church, which was among the first church- es built in Canton. Joseph Trout, Sr., claimed that he was the first German emigrant to settle in Canton, as one of its citizens, and I have never heard it contradicted. That of itself is quite an honorable record. In later years Jos- eph Trout, Sr., built the two-story brick build- ing yet standing on the northwest corner of Cleveland avenue and Third street, and there died many years ago, at an advanced age. This house is still owned by the Trouts. In later years Joseph Trout, Jr., built the two- story frame luiilciing just north of the brick building, but on the same lot, and there is where his widow with one or two of the daugh- ters still reside. In looking over the "old landmarks'' of this article we cannot fail to observe two things : First, the great change made in fifty years and how soon our places are forgotten. Fifty years ago old Father George Dunbar and his excellent wife and their five sons and three daughters were all married and settled in Can- ton. Now there is not one left to perpetuate the name in the community. Only a few dis- tant relatives, of different name, now reside here. Truly the places that know us now shall soon know us no more. The second change to which we would direct attention is here noted. Fifty years ago the southwest corner of Eighth and Market streets had more attractive buildings than are theire today. The new McKinley hotel directly east of this cor- ner is a fine modern building of six stories. Directly north of this is a fine three-story build- ing, and to look down from these pretentious structures to find a one-story frame building on the corner is to cause the hope that a new and harmonious building may soon occupy the site. A VETERAN HOTEL MAN. By John Danner. Already the fact has been noted that Can- ton has had some veteran hotel keepers, such CENTRAL ENGINE HOUSE, CANTON. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. !25 as Philip and George Dewalt and William Hawk, Sr., and his son, William, Jr., but Massillon also had one veteran hotel man who was well known throughout this section. This was the late Thomas S. Webb. Sixty-two years ago the Franklin house, kept by Mr. Webb in Massiilon, was considered one of the most homelike stopping places in the country. When the writer first went to Massillon to live, in 1840, he boarded for a time in this hotel and became well acquainted with Mr. Webb. The Franklin house stood on Canal street, one square south of Main street, being a two- story frame building. On the north side of the lot was an alley that led back to the barns. This house was always well kept while con- trolled by Mr. Webb. It was not as well located for first-class trade as was the Commercial hotel, kept by the late William M. Folger, who was also a successful and popular host. The Commercial was a two-story brick building, located at the northeast corner of Erie and Main streets, and was afterward enlarged by the addition of a third story. One incident may be recalled in illustration of the hospitality and social nature of Thomas S. Webb. More than sixty 3'^ears ago Dr. John Schertzer, of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, started out on horse- back to look up a location for practice, in Mansfield or some place west of that. He stopped at Mr. Webb's hotel in Massillon for the night and was so well pleased with the cordial reception and treatment received there that he concluded to settle in Massillon, and he there gained a reputation as an able phy- sician and excellent citizen. He was succeed- ed by his son, Dr. J. V. Schertzer. Each con- trolled a large practice and both died in Mass- illon. Finally Mr. Webb made the venture of en- gaging in the hotel business in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ^^]^ere he opened a large four- story brick building on the east side of North 14 Third street, and very soon he built up a large business. Most of the merchants from this re- gion made his hotel their abiding place when in the Quaker city for the purpose of buying goods. This hotel was known as the Eagle. After conducting the same successfully for a number of years Mr. Webb moved into a larger and more modern brick building on the north side of Arch street, between Third and Fourth streets, and immediately opposite one of the largest Friends' churches in the city. This was known as the Union hotel and gained a large patronage from all over the country. Mr. Webb succeeded in pleasing his many guests and in making money. All Stark coun- ty people made the Union hotel their head- quarters during the regime of Mr. Webb, and as in those days the merchants throughout this region visited Philadelphia twice each year for the purpose of buying goods, a number of per- sons from this part of Ohio were to be found almost any time in the old "City of Brotherly Love." The opening of railroads and the more modern plan of selling goods to the re- tail trade through the interposition of traveling salesmen have revolutionized all the old-time customs, so that comparatively few of our peo- ple now visit Philadelphia as compared with the olden time when Mr. Webb was there en- gaged in the hotel business. One thing that militated somewhat against the complete success of Mr. Webb was the fact that he was a man who generally became much excited during political campaigns and some- times allowed his utterances to be of such a nature as to offend those who held opposing views. This lost him some patronage, yet he was very popular and successful and accumu- lated considerable money in the hotel business. Mrs. Webb was a most excellent woman and well adapted to managing the affairs assigned to her charge, but she was delicate in health and was thus much handicapped in her efforts. The success attained by Mr. Webb in Phila- 226 OLD LANDMARKS delphia finally prompted him to enter the same line of business in the city of New York, where he opened a large hotel on the south side of Courtland street, near Broadway, where he built up a very good business, which he con- tinued several years. Mr. Webb was always an ardent admirer of Massillon and had many warm friends there, and he finally decided to retire from the hotel business and make his home in Massillon. He accordingly secured a home nearly opposite Cedar street, on the south side of East Main street, where he con- tinued to abide untl his death, a few years ago, his wife having passed away a few years pre- vious. Their sons, Frank and Jesse, are also deceased. The old Franklin hotel in Massillon was kept open as a hotel for some time after the de- parture of Mr. \'Vebb from the city, buti ts popularity waned soon after his retirement. The building is still standing, but is much changed in general appearance and in the uses to which it is applied, but it is one of the old landmarks of the county. . A PIONEER FAMILY. By John Danner. As reference has been made in another article to William M. Folger as having been one of the old-time hotel men of Massillon, it is quite proper that further mention be made of the pioneer family of which he was a worthy representative. In 1826 Mayhew Folger, fa- ther of ^Villianl M. and Robert H. Folger, con- ducted a hotel in Kendall, which is now one of the wards of Massillon. Upon the comple- tion of the Ohio canal and the beginning of the town of Massillon, in 1828, he removed to the new tow n and on the northeast corner of Main and Erie streets erected a new hotel, to which he ga\e tlie name of the Commercial Inn. Four years later his death occurred and the hotel was then kept open by Joseph Lazaret and others until 1841, v/hen William M. Fol- ger rented his father's old established hotel, which he conducted until 1843, when he re- moved to Ravenna, this state, and became the proprietor of the Prentiss house, there con- tinuing business until the building was de- stroyed by fire, about 1862, and he then re- moved to Akron, where he conducted the Em- pire hotel for the ensuing five years. For a short time after this he was engaged in the same line of enterprise in Reno, Pennsylvania, his place being known as the Folger house, and in the centennial year of our national inde- pendence he went to Philadelphia and assisted his old Massillon competitor, Thomas S. Webb, in the management of his hotel during that year, the two ha\'ing been warm friends during all the years they had been in compe- tition. William M. Folger was born in Nantucket, Massachusetts, in 1804, and his death occurred in Mantua, Ohio, in 1891, at the advanced age of eighty-seven years. After Mr. Folger retired from the hotel business in Massillon Samuel Hawk, of Canton, took the hotel and greatly enlarged and improved the building. After there continuing a successful business for several years he went to New York city, where he attained no little prestige and success in the same line of business, having at one tmie conducted the St. Nicholas, one of the popular and well known hotels on Broadway, and he accumulated quite a fortune in the hotel busi- ness. His father, William Hawk, came to Canton some years before and purchased from the late George Dewalt the Eagle hotel, on the southwest corner of Market and Tuscarawas streets, where he rem.ained until his death. While he was conducting this hotel his son, Samuel, who had been thoroughly trained in the business, removed to Massillon, as noted previously. Samuel Hawk married a daugh- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 227 ter of Dr. Estep, of Canton, no children being born of this union. WiUiam Hawk, a younger brother of Samuel, was also trained in the hotel business. He married Miss Ella Buck- ius, of Canton, and their only son, William, Jr., is at the present time one o-f the most popu- lar and successful hotel men in New York city. Robert H. Folger, the attorney of Massill- on, who died there in recent years, was a younger brother of William M. Folger, and at the time of his death must have been about eighty-eight years of age. It was said of him in his later years that he was the oldest prac- titioner at the Ohio bar. While a young man he was captain on one of the packet boats then plying on the Ohio canal between Massillon and Cleveland. As we then had no railroads itiany sought the accommodations of these comfortable canal packets, and frequently men of national reputation would be among the passengers. On one occasion John Ouincy Adams, then ex-president of the United States, was a passenger on Mr. Folger's boat, and the latter greatly enjoyed the privilege of having so distinguished a passenger. From the inception of the town of Massill- on until the death of Robert H. Folger, a few- years ago, the name of Folger was familiar among the residents of that city, but it is be- lieved that none of the name are now residing there. The two daughters of Robert H. were living there at the time of his death, removed to Toledo, and the only son has been a captain in the United States navy for many years, oc- casionally visiting Massillon during his fa- ther's life. The father of William M. and Robert H. Folger had been a sea captain for many years prior to coming to Ohio. Mrs. Levi Rawson was his daughter, and after the death of her husband she made her home with her daughter, Mrs. Perkins, in Akron. The firm of L. & S. Rawson sixty years ago was known as being one of the largest buyers of wheat in this part of Ohio, their headquarters being in Massillon, where they had large stor- age and warehouses, also being engaged in the mercantile business. They operated a canal boat on the canal, utilizing the same for the transportation of wheat to Cleveland. The late John Jacobs was the captain of the boat and did a large business, becoming quite well off. He was a hard worker and an honorable man, and he died in recent years, having at- tained the age of nearly ninety years. It was recorded of Captain Mayhew Fol- ger, who had so long been on the sea before coming to Ohio that he had circumnavigated the globe three times. His last voyage was made in the Topaz, of Boston, in 1810, and he then decided to abandon the seafaring life, coming to Ohio and locating in Kendall, now a part of Massillon, as has been already noted in this article. The city of Massillon and all the people of Stark county can take a just pride in the fact that such excellent people, industri- ous, moral and trustworthy, were numbered among our pioneers. The Folger family were members of the Society of Friends. William M. Folger in later years became a member of the Baptist church in Massillon and was always a consistent Christian worker. He was a strong advocate of temperance and in all his hotel life never kept a bar in connection. It is the impression of the writer that Mayhew Folger had a daughter Sarah, who became the wife of Jefferson Raynolds. of Canton, but as the)^ have been dead many years no definite information is accessible. There was a young- er daughter who married James D. Ladd, of Jefferson county, and they afterward moved to Ottumwa, Iowa, where they resided until death. They were married in the old Friends' meetiing house in Kendall, the ceremony being- conducted after the customary manner of the Quakers, there being no officiating clergyman but each of the contracting parties vowing to take the other as life companion. 22i OLD LANDMARKS ONE OF OUR EARLIEST FAMILIES. By John Danner. Sixty years ago John Slusser, fatlier of the late Dr. Lew Slusser and Samuel D. Slusser, kept a store in a two-story brick building which stood on the northeast comer of Tusca- rawas and Piedmont streets. This building stood about six feet lower than the present building on that site. At that time East Tusca- rawas street to Piedmont street showed quite a steep grade, and in making the present grade in later years the buildings east of Piedmont street were thrown five or six feet below the new grade. The Slusser family came to Stark county in 1805. Old Grandfather Philip Slusser, the father of John, came here from Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, with a family of five sons and five daughters, the youngest of the latter being the mother of the writer of this series of reminiscent sketches. All the chil- dren of this pioneer have passed away, the mother of the writer having been the last to be called to the life eternal, her death occurring more than fifteen years ago. All died and were buried in Stark county except one son, Philip, Jr., who had lived for a number of years near West Brookfield, this county, whence he finally removed with his family to Vandalia, Illinois, where he passed the residue of his life, his death occurring about forty years ago. Philip Slusser, the father of these children, was an active member of the Metho- dist church, as was also his wife, and all the members of the family became active Christian workers. The majority were Methodists, sev- eral joined the Presbyterian church and one. if not more, united with the German Baptists. John Slusser, with whom this article has more particularly to do, was a Methodist for many years. He had much experience in connection with pioneer life in the early history of Stark county. At the time the family came here Indians were still numerous in this region, and white settlers but few. The writer has often been told that at that time our now prosperous city of Canton did not have more than six or seven buildings, these be- ing log cabins of the primitive type. The original German spelling of the the name was Schlosser, and this was retained until about the time Philip Slusser came with his family to Stark county. He built the first mill in the county, the same having been lo- cated east of the little hamlet of Canton, very near the point where Ninth street crosses the east creek, and about the site where the Row- land mill stood many years thereafter. The mill thus erected by Philip Slusser was de- stroyed by fire within a few years after its erection. The year preceding the building of this flouring mill he had erected a saw mill near the site of the grist mill later put up, and John Slusser, who was at the time about sixteen years of age, was placed in charge of this saw mill. The responsibility was great for one so young and without experience in that kind of work. The settlers soon began to buy boards, slabs and other saw-mill products to use in the erection of houses. John Slusser often, in later years, referred to his experience in his fa- ther's saw mill and said it had been a means of great education to him, both in the conduct- ing of business and in learning the use of tools. Very soon he was able to handle or- dinary carpenter tools with as great facility and skill as many who had served a regular ap- prenticeship at the trade. At that time there were no cabinetmakers living here, and such a thing as a furniture store of the modern type was not heard of. Thus as new families came to settle in and around Canton they naturally needed such things as dough trays, cupboards, tables and other furniture which could not be brought with them by the primitive means of transportation then available. Very soon it was made known throughout the new settle- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 229 ment that John Slusser could manufacture such articles, and the demand soon became greater than one man could supply. He made all he could, and each article was good and sti'ong, and in the family are yet retained a few of his products in this line, the same having been made before any of the present generation knew about such things, and they are strong and solid today and could not be purchased for any price, the writer being favored in hav- ing such articles from the hand of John Sluss- er in his home today. In the year 1812 John Slusser enlisted as a soldier, near the present site of the city of Sandusky, but he was attacked with an ill- ness which incapacitated him from active serv- ice and was afterward honorably discharged. Not long after his return to Canton he married Nancy Dewalt, sisteii of Daniel, George and Philip Dewalt. He had obtained from his father some land about a mile from town, on what is now known as the Fulton road. There he settled and remained for a number of years, giving most of his attention to cabinet work, in the manufacture of bureaus, clock cases, ta- bles and such other useful household furniture as the country at that time much needed. In 1825 he exchanged his property with John Webb for the property on the northeast corner of Tuscarawas and Piedmont streets, the same being improved with the two-story brick build- ing first mentioned in this article. After coming to town he continued to make some furniture, but concluded, in view of the fact that he had a good central location, that he would open a store, and in company with others who wished to buy goods in Philadelphia and New York, he rode on horseback to those cities. In those days a few staple dry goods, a little hard- ware, boots and shoes and a general variety made up the requisite stock. He continued in this business until 1850 and was quite success- ful, but finally retired from all business and purchased another property, two squares fur- ther east on Tuscarawas street, on the south side of the same, where he passed the remainder of his life, his death occurring in 1859. In 1842 John Slusser's frrst wife passed away. They became the parents of seven chil- dren, namely : Sarah, who became the wife of Madison Raynolds ; Samuel D. and Dr. Lew Slusser; Mary and Alfred, both of whom died of scarlet fever in 1833; John, Jr., who lived in the southern states until i860, when he died, his remains being brought to Canton and in- terred in the family lot in "VVestlawn cemetery; and Rebecca, Mrs. David ZoUars, who is now the only one of the children living. Some time after the death of his first wife John .Slusser married Mrs. Catherine Whitman, no children being born of this union. During the time that John Slusser was in the mercantile business he bought the lot on the north side of East Tuscarawas street, just east of Saxton street, and there established a tan yard, which he conducted quite success- fully, with William Dobbs as his tanner. In later years his son, Samuel D. Slusser, had be- come an excellent tanner, and he conducted the business in that tan yard until the enterprise was finally abandoned. Just across Saxton street, on the site of the present Wheeling & Lake Erie passenger station, is the lot on which Jacob Hane had lived and conducted his tan yard, and though he and Mr. Slusser were com- petitors in business for many years they were warm friends. Most of the old buildings on the Slusser lot are still standing, but are converted to other uses, while the building of the Hane tan yard was removed to give place to the best passenger station in the city, that of the Wheel- ing & Lake Erie Railroad. All these changes may seem very singular to our young people, but the old citizens are quite familiar with the same and therefore enjoy a reminiscent glance. 230 OLD LANDMARKS THE BOCKIUS FAMILY. By John Danner. The two-story brick building on South Market street, in which Charles J. Bockius has his shoe store, was built many years ago by his grandfather, John C. Bockius, and the major portion of the building was utilized by the latter as a residence during the time he lived in Canton. The name is one which is familiar to the people of Canton and vicinity. Valen- tine Bockius, great-grandfather of Charles J., was a hatter by trade and lived for a number of years on South Walnut street, near Tenth. He was very fond of fishing and made frequent trips to Meyer's lake for that purpose; very few of the citizens of Canton at this time re- member this veteran, who lived to quite a venerable age. He must have approached very near to the century mark before he passed a•\^'ay. He was born in the United States, but went to Germany, his father's native land, and there was married, and while he was living- there his son, John C. Bockius, was born, so that the father was an American by birth and the son a German. In 1819 they all came to the United States. John C. Bockius. while yet in Germany, served several years in Na- poleon's army as a drummer boy, after which he learned the trade of shoemaking. In Can- ton he opened the business of making and keep- ing for sale boots and shoes, and he continued in active business here until his death, in 1878. His son, L. V. Bockius, was associated with him in the enterprise for a long term of years, under the firm name of J. C. Bockius & Son. The shoe business appears to have been con- genial to the family, as three generations have been identified with the same in our city, rep- resenting a period of seventy-five years, and there are at the present time two firms per- petuating the name here in this line of enter- prise, namely L. V. Bockius' Son, 116 South Market street, and Charles J. Bockius, who is located at 222 South Market street. When John C. Bockius first opened his shoe store in Canton it was looked upon by local shoemakers as a distinct innovation, since prior to that time it was the invariable custom here for all shoes to be to order and by special meas- urement. There were at the time a number of shoemakers in the town but no shoe store. Among the old shoemakers of those days were Seth Godden, Edward White and Louis Four- nace. John C. Bockius was the pioneer in Canton to open a store exclusively confined to the sale of boots and shoes. The other family of Bockius, on Buckius, in the county are the descendants of John Buck- ius, who adopted the English form of spelling the name, v/hile the other branch, just men- tioned, have retained the original German orthography. Both descended from the same family stock several generations back. From both branches have come some of our best and most useful citizens, all industrious and en- gaged in honorable occupations. John Buckius, Sc, about seventy-five years ago, had for a time carried on the business of a tinner in a frame building which stood on the site of the present store of W. D. Caldwell, on the northeast corner of the public square. He afterward erected on the same ground a two-stor}' brick building, in which for a time he conducted a hotel, known as the Franklin house, and in later years other hotels in the town were known by this name, as will be recalled from the perusal of preceding articles in this series. Henry Buckius, son of John, for many years lived and carried on the tin- ning business on the west side of North Market street, between Fourth and Fifth streets; and his brother, John, Jr., was a saddler and har- ness maker by trade and was located for many years on the southeast corner of Tuscarawas street and Cleveland avenue, where the first CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 231 Methodist Episcopal church now stands. In later years he erected a good brick house on the same lot and opened the St. Cloud hotel, the first of the name in the town, which has already been described, as has also the old Hur- ford house, which he likewise conducted under the name of St. Cloud after the burning of his original house. L. V. Bockius lived for many years in the cottage originally erected by George Dunbar, on the southwest corner of Eighth and Market streets, and all his children were born there. Later the family took up their residence at 71 1 North Market street, where Mr. Bockius died, his willow still retaining her home in this dwelling. EARLY LUTHERAN AND REFORMED CHURCHES. By John Danner. Li studying the early history of Canton it becomes evident that a large percentage of the early pioneers held the faith either of the Luth- eran or German Reformed ciiurches, or were reared under the training of the same, and it is therefore quite consistent that these two de- nominations be the first to gain consideration in this publication. The first preaching in the neighborhood was in a barn owned by Michael Reed, a short distance from the site of the present county infirmary, and the clergy- man was Rev. John Stanch, a Lutheran, who lived in western Pennsylvania and who visited Stark countv at stated intervals during the pleasant- summer months. The seats provided in this primitive place of worship were made from slabs secured from the sawmill of Philip Slusser, said mill having at the time been lo- cated in the east end of the little village of Can- ton. Li the winter season services were oc- casionally lield, principally in private houses, and the dining room of Dewalt's tavern was occasionally used for this purpose. Li 1810 the German Lutheran and Re- fonned congregations jointly took possession of the block of lots in West Tuscarawas street where the Presbyterian church now stands. This block of lots was left by Bezaleel Wells for church purposes. The two societies men- tioned built a small frame house of worship, but it was never fully completed, being used for services on several occasions before it was even plastered. As the donation of the block of lots by Mr. Wells designated no denomina- tions the congregation feared that other church organizations might wish to utilize the ground also, and (Jii this score doubtless the society did not care to make more expenditure of funds than was absolutely necessary. Li the early history of the congregation Rev. Anthony Wier, a Lutheran minister, became the pastor of the chmxh, and it is said that he was the first resident clergyman of Canton. Through his influence the congregation decided to buy ground of whose control they could always be sure, without fear of molestation on the part of other congregations, and they therefore bought the block of lots, in East Tuscarawas street, ■where the First German Reformed and the Evangelical Lutheran churches now stand. Here they erected a two-story edifice. As they were not financially able to complete this build- ing it stood for many years in an unfinished condition, but under roof, and in the meantime it was injured somewhat by lightning, but it was finally completed. The Reformed congre- gation had no regular pastor, but was occa- sionally supplied by Revs. Mahneschmidt and Sonnendecker. The interior of this old church would appear quite extraordinary to the pres- ent generation. The gallery extended around three sides, south, east and west, and was ten or twelve feet from the lloor, while the pulpit, on the north side, was raised to the height of the gallery. A steep little stairway, with a 232 OLD LANDMARKS railing, led up frcmi one side into this pulpit, which was so small that hut two persons could occupy it simultaneously. The pews weiie primitive in style, with s(|uare end pieces, while the backs stood straight u]) and the seats were liard and level, thus making it quite as coin- fortahle to stand as to he seatetl. In later jfears the seats were somewhat im])roved. The first regular pastor of the Reformed church, according to the most authentic accounts, was Rev. Benjamin Foust, who took char,ge of the congregation in 1818. The frame church, in Tuscarawas street, fir.st mentioned, was occupied by the two congre- gations about four years, and the new brick clunch was completed about 1822, and the two congregations worshiped there until the early '60s, making in all about forty years that they occupied the same house of worship. Rev. Benjamin Foust died in i8_^2, and soon there- after Rev. Peter Jicrbruck assumed the pas- torale, .altluuigh not i|uile twenty years of age at tile time. I le li.ul come here as a young theological student from (iermany, when eighteen years old, and was under the instruc- tion of the Rev. Mr, l'\)ust until the death of the latter. Mr. I levhruck rcm.iincd pastor of the congregation about fifty-three years, — until he felt that he was tco old to fill the place. He was very popular .tniong his own people and well liked among other congregations. At the time of his jubilee or fiftieth anniversary of his pastorate over this congregation it was said he had performed more marriage cere- monies and ofliciated at more funerals tli.ui any other man in Ohio, at least while pastor of the same church. it was stated on that oc- casion that he had married nineteen hundred and sixty-one couples and attended two thous- and sixty-six funerals, and he later ofticiated many times in these capacities, so that it is safe to say that few if any pastors in the state have equaled his reconl in these lines. For a number of \ c.irs both congreg'.ilions used a portion of the block of lots which they purchased as a burial place for their dead, but this burying ground has long since been abandoned and luany of the bodies transferred to larger and more distant places of interment. Several of the pastors were buried on the north side of the old brick church, and among the number the writer l)elie\es were Rev. Benja- min Foust and Rev. Fred Haas, the latter be- ing the father of the late George B. Flaas, of Canton. After the death of Rev. Anthony Wicr kev. Rrofes.sor William Schmidt h;id charge of the Lutheran congregation for a time, and during his pastoral incumbency the Fvangelical Lutlieran synod of Ohio and west- ern 1 'cnnsyl\;uii;i started the project of a the- ological seminary, upon the organization of which Professor Schmidt was made a member of the faculty. Jt is believed that this original organization occurred in Canton, and the sem- inary was here established for a time in a por- tion of the Holben building, in West Tuscara- was street, but the permanent location of the institution was lin.illy made in the city of Co- lumbus. Within the time of his residence in Canton Mr. Schmidt married Miss Rebecca Buckius, daughter of John Buckius, Sr. Old Mr. Buck- ius was a tinner by trade and carried on his business for a number of years on the north- east corner <^f the jiublic square. Me cliimed he was the last man to look iq)oii the face of George Washington. He was living in Alexandria, Virginia, at tlie time of W^ashing- tou's de.ith and was called upon to seal the casket which held the remains of the great patriot before they were laid to rest in Mount Vernon. About i860 the Reformed congregation withdrew- from the union with the Lutheran and built a new brick church on the west end of the block of lots. At that time the late Conrad Schweitzer. Sr., was one of the most active .uul cfliciciit members .-nid (■(Hitributed CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 233 much to the new interest. The house of wor- ship is still standing, but has been much en- larged and otherwise improved. In 1837 a portion of the English-speaking members of the Lutheran congregation with- drew to organize an English church of the same faith. Rev. J. J. Fast was the first pas- tor, and their first service and Sunday school were held in the old town hall, on the second floor of the old market house, which is de- scribed in an article elsewhere. The congre- gation afterward had their place of worship in the main room of the high school building, in West Tuscarawas street, this room being on the first floor, and they continued to occupy the same until they purchased the lot where Trinity Lutheran church now stands, on West Tuscarawas street. Here they built their first independent house of worship, the same being a neat and comfortable brick structure. It has since been razed to give place to the fine stone church that now occupies the same site, the organization Ijeing now one of the leading ones in the city, while there is probably more wealth represented in its membership than in any other Protestant congregation in Canton. The Trinity Reformed church is an English 'ofifshoot of the German Reformed church, its organization occurring about 1870, while Rev. J. B. Shoemaker was the first pastor. He held the charge but a short time, and the next incumbent was Rev. E. Herbruck, who served the church about seven years, when he re- signed and .went to Dayton, where for a num- ber of years he published the Christian World, devoted to the interests of the Reformed church, and in later years became connected with the church institution, Heidelberg Col- lege, at Tiffin, though still retaining his resi- dence in Dayton. Upon his resignation of the pastorate of Trinity church his brother, Rev. E. P. Herbruck, became pastor, and under his ministry the congregation has materially grown and strengthened, the church being one of the largest and most prosperous in Canton. The history of both Lutheran and Reformed churches shows that in the early days most if not all of their services were conducted in the German language, but as the second gen- eration matured they demanded English in the church services, and this fact led to the estab- li.shing of the new churches as noted. ST. JOHN'S CHURCH, ROMAN CATH- OLIC. By John Danner. In the very early period of Canton's settle- ment there came here from Baltimore, Mary- land, several very excellent Catholic families, among whom were those of John Shorb and Andrew Meyer, who came here as early as 1808 or 1810, while very soon after the war of 1812 other Catholic families joined the settle- ment. Andrew Meyer invested very largely in land, becoming the owner of several thous- and acres, including the whole of the popular resort still known as Meyer's lake. Efforts have been made by other owners since that time to change the name, but the public have con- sistently-adhered to that given in honor of the original owner, and it is to be hoped this title will perpetually be retained. Among oth- er members of the Catholic church who came here between 18 12 and 1818 were John and Francis Pirrong, Joseph Traut, Sr., the Cassi- lys, Owens, Grimes, McCormicks, George Hossofross, Adam Rider, the Pieros and many others. Catholic missionaries occasionally held services in Shorb's grove and also in the house ^vhich is a part of the residence now occupied by Miss Har- riet A. Shorb, 710 West Third street, she being a granddaughter of the John Shorb, to whom reference has lieen made. These mis- sionaries came here about twice a year, and 234 OLD LANDMARKS proclamation of their coming was made througliout tine county and beyond, so that pil- grimages were made to these meetings by many living five to twenty-five miles distant. Well informed members of the church in Canton state that St. John's is the oldest Catholic church in the Cleveland diocese. John Shorb and his wife were especially active and zealous workers in the church. The first house of worship, a brick structure, was liegun in 1823 and completed in the following 3'ear. About fort)'-eig"ht years ago Father Lindesmith built an addition to the west end of the church, which gave the building the appearance most familiar to the older residents of the city today. It may be consistently noted again at this point that Mr. Shorb lost his life as the result of an accident while assisting in the erection of the church edifice, mention hav- ing previously been made of this fact. Original- ly the edifice was only forty by ninety feet in dimensions and had a pointed spire running up from the belfry. The priest's house was in the east end of the building, facing McKinley avenue, while the auditorium was always in the western end. the entrance facing the old cemetery, while the building stood near the southeast corner of the lot. The present large and handsome building of St. John's parish stands some distance further to the north than did the old church. The cemetery near the church was never very large, and was well filled Ijefore the opening of the new parish ceme- tery on North Cleveland avenue, in Plain township. Adjoining the old burying ground was a smaller one owned by the Shorbs and their relatives, this not being opened for gen- eral use. Among the notable women of early days in the Catholic church here was Grandmother Shorb, who had for years been a faithful at- tendant of the sick. Wherever she went, among Protestants as well as among her own people, she was beloved and was looked upon as an angel of mercy and benevolence. Then there was "Mother" Grimes, who was Irish and could talk, but never to the harm of any- one. She was impulsive and kind-hearted and was noted for her acts of kindness to her neighbors, without regard to sect or party. She lived in the hope that her adopted son, John McSweeney, would become a priest in the church, but this hope was never realized. He was well educated and became one of the fore-, most criminal lawyers in Ohio. He finally removed to Wooster, where he died, and his son and namesake is likewise a member of the bar and is a talented and influential man. From 1830 to 1845 the Catholic church in Canton received the most strength from immigration. At that time the tide of immi- grants to this country was very great, and after the completion of the Ohio canal Massillon became the great wheat city of this whole re- gion. So when the roads were good in the autumn of the year long trains of wagons could be seen going from Canton to Massillon, loaded with wh.eat and other products of the farm, and when these wagons returned it was no unusual thing to see them loaded down with immigrants, with their ponderous trunks, chests and other luggage, seeking homes in this new country. A large percentage of these immigrants were Catholic, although there was quite a numlier of Lutherans and other sects. Then it was that such sterling families as the Biecheles, Danneniillers, Bechels and others came among us. Our young people will bear in mind that in those days we had no railroads in Stark county,, and the Ohio canal was a wonderful impro\'ement over the old Cones- toga wagons and other primitive means of transportation _ utilized in the pioneer epoch. The first priest in charge of the Canton congregation of the Catholic church was Rev. John A. Hill, who was a nephew of Lord FTill, of England, and a relative of Rev. Rol- and Hill, the famous Baptist clergyman of CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 235 England. He had been coniniander of a regi- ment in the battle of Waterloo and afterward had married. He and his wife were soon converted to the faith of the Catholic church and eventually became impressed with the idea that it was their duty to consecrate themselves to its service. They therefore separated by mutual consent, the wife entering a convent in Italy, while Mr. Hill prepared himself for the priesthood, the church canonically authorizing their separation and the dissolution of the marital bonds. After the completion of his theological education Father Hill came to America, where he served a few years as a Catholic missionary. He came to Canton about the time the first edifice of St. John's church was completed, in 1824. He assumed the pastorate of the parish, but lived only a few years, his death occurring September 3, 1828, and, in harmony with his own request, his re- mains were laid to rest near the church, on the south side. Before the old church building was taken down, in Seijtember, 1848, the mor- tal remains of Father Hill were exhumed and removed to St. Jo.seph's cemetery, about a mile south of Somerset, Perry county. For several years after the death of Father Hill the clnnxh had brief pastoral incumben- cies, and in 1831 Rev. John M. Henni became the priest in charge, remaining until 1834. During his pastorate, about 1833, this region was visited with a serious scourge of cholera, and about that time one of the bishops of the church visited the parish. While on his way home he was taken violently ill of this dread malady, while on the stage coach, and died soon afterward. Massillon suflfered from the ravages of the cholera to a somewhat greater extent than did Canton, but here also w'ere a number of sudden deaths, including that of Mr. Bernard, the first proprietor of the Stark County Democrat. Rev. J. S. Alemany succeeded Father Hen- ni as rector of St. John's in 1834, and later Father Henni became archbishop of the dio- cese of Milwaukee, VMsconsin, while still later Father Alemany was made archbishop of the diocese of San Francisco. For ten years after 1834 pastoral changes were frequent, but from the foregoing it will be seen that among the priests who served the parish in the early days were men of high ability and two who attained distinctive eminence in the church. Tn 1844 about twenty-five families with- drew from St. John's and organized a German Catholic church, under the name of St. Peter's. They built their first house of worship on North Cleveland avenue, between their pres- ent church and the parochial school. Peter Meyers, one of the active members of the con- gregation, was the designer and builder of the first church, he having been one of the leading contractors and builders of the town at that time. Rev. Father Luhr was the first pastor to minister to the congregation of St. Peter's, and there were several other pastoral incum- bents before the coming of the present popular and loved shepherd. Rev. Father V. Arnould, who has been in charge for nearly forty years. After the Germans had withdrawn from St. John's Rev. Father Doherty was pastor for a number of years, and he was succeeded by Fa- ther Lindesmith, who was very popular in the community and who Avas an active temperance worker. His successor was Father Bartolett, with whose work the writer is not familiar, but the present large and elegant church edifice was erected during his regime. The present priest in charge is Father P. J. McGuire, who has been here fully a quarter of a century, being a man of ability and one who commands uniform respect and esteem in the community. EARLIEST PRESBYTERL\N CHURCH. By John Danner. The first house of worship built by the Presliyterians in Canton occupied the same site 236 OLD LANDMARKS as does their present fine stone edifice, at the southwest comer of Tuscarawas street and McKinley avenue. It was a brick structure and was about fifty by seventy-five feet in di- mensions. When it was first built the availa- ble resources of the society were inadequate to more than place the building under roof, and it remained unfinished for several 3'ears. At the time when the original structure was com- pleted there was no tower, the spire and belfry being erected during the pastorate of Rev. E. Buckingham, about fifty years ago, this por- tion of the building being constructed of wood. There are records to show that Presby- terian missionaries visited this section as early as 1809, and occasionally services were held in house and barn, as opportunity offered, but, so far as tiie writer has been able to learn, no records of an organized church are to be found of a date anterior to 1821, when the First Presbyterian church of Canton was or- ganized. Among the early clergymen of this faith to officiate in Canton were the Revs. Joshua Beer, James Adams, Matthews and Vallandingham, but there are no records to indicate that any one of these gentlemen was ever settled as a pastor in Canton. In 1820 Rev. James McClean, an Englishman by birth, began to preach for the Presbyterians in the old brick court-house that had been erected in 1 81 6, and he \'ery soon impressed upon the people the importance of organizing a Sunday school, and in harmony with his admonitions the first Sunday school in Stark county was organized by the Presbyterians on the 21st of December. 1820, the assembly being held in the court-house, with fifty-six persons in attendance. Rev. McClean continued to offi- ciate here during that winter and the following summer, but was al:>sent more or less, visiting other isolated sections where church services were in demand. lie could find no records of an organized Presbyterian church in Stark county, and lie therefore gathered together the friends of such a church, and on the ist of September, 1821, effected the organization of the First Presbyterian church, with a member- ship of twenty-five persons. The first elders elected were Samuel Coulter and Robert and James Latimer, each of whom accepted the office. At the first communion and public recognition of the church Rev. A. Hanna, of Fredericksburg, was present to assist in the services. The next year the Rev. Mr. Mc- Clean pressed a little more strenuously for his salary than the church and congregation felt able to withstand, and it is said that he left the field by reason of tiie non-payment of his salary and that afterward he sued the trus- tees to recover the same, and that judgment was obtained against them by default, the trus- tees at the time having been James Gaff, Sr., George Dunbar and Robert Latimer. For sev- eral years thereafter the little congregation was without a pastor. In 1825 J. B. Morrow came here, a young theological student, and served the congregation, while in June of the follow- ing year he was regularly ordained and was installed as pastor of the Canton church, by the presbytery of Richland, Rev. James Rowland, ,of Mansfield, and Rev. James Snodgrass, of Pigeon Run, participating in the public ser- vices on this occasion. Mr. Morrow was the grandfather of Dr. E. P. Morrow, now a resi- dent of Canton. Rev. James B. Morrow was the first paston to be publicly recognized by the presbytery. He continued his pastorate here until December, 1830, and during his regime seventy-five new members were received into the church, so that the total number of members at the time of his departure was about one hundred. It was dur- ing his pastorate that the church took posses- sion of the lots left by Bezaleel Wells for church purposes, and the}' began the erec- tion of their first church edifice. Through the lack of funds and apathy on the part of some of the congregation the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 237 building remained uncompleted, and the pastor finally became discouraged and resigned his charge, removing to New Philadelphia, Tuscarawas county. The Sunday school be- gan to decline and the spiritual enthusiasm to wane. The church had occasional preaching, but had no settled pastor until there came to the rescue Rev. Timothy M. Hopkins, of New York. Both he and his wife were ex- perienced school teachers and were quite vig- orous and enthusiastic. Soon after their arri- val in Canton they opened a select school, which soon gained the reputation of being the best ever conducted in Canton, the public- school system having not then been established. The church had been without a pastoral in- cumbent almost four years at the time Mr. Hopkins came here. Very soon, under the ef- fective efforts of this worthy man and his de- voted wife, the house of worship was put in or- der, the Sunday school was re-established and definite progress began to be made. Among the active workers in the Sunday school at this time were Almon Sortwell, Thomas Goodman and William Lemmon. Mr. Hopkins was an outspoken temperance man and was not afraid to voice his opinions, and it is certain that the words uttered by him relative to this burning question had much to do with moulding the characters of some of the youth in his Sunday school. After the pastorate of Mr. Hopkins, came that of Rev. W. B. Reeves, who was a good man and faithful, but hardly able to equal the record of his predecessor. During his pasto- rate the Rev. J. F. Avery, the Cleveland evan- gelist, held a series of protracted meetings in the church, and through his earnest exhorta- tions each of the churches in Canton gained a number of members, more especially the Pres- byterian. The work in this church became so heavy that the pastor felt his inability to prop- erly handle it and accepted a call to a smaller congregation. Soon thereafter Rev. S. F. Porter initiated his labors as pastor, remain- ing here two years and being succeeded by Rev. W. W. Taylor. Mr. Taylor was an ex- cellent and able man, strong in his convictions and in the courage to defend them, while he was a fluent and forceful speaker and one who brought the utmost enthusiasm and zeal into his ministry. To him pi'obably more than to any other one pastor should be given the credit of bringing the congregation up to new-school ideas. The physical strength of Mr. Taylor was not great, and the tension of his work here proved severe, undoubtedly being the cause of his leaving the field, at the expiration of about four years. The next pastor was Rev. E. Buck- ingham, who assumed charge in 1846 and who continued to preside over the spiritual and temporal affairs of the church for the long pe- riod of twenty-six years, his pastorate having been of the longest duration of all incumbents the church has had. He was a man of more than average ability, firm in his convictions of right and duty, and industrious in all depart- ments of church work. He left the congrega- tion greatly augmented in numbers, and not only the church but also the entire community felt the loss of Mr. Buckingham, when he could no longer be counted as one of the min- isters of Canton. A very short time after the close of Mr. Buckingham's pastorate a call was extended to Rev. W. J. Park, who was at that time pastor of the Prebyterian church at Fredericks- burg, Wayne county. He accepted the call and g•a^'e promise of great usefulness, but after several years he became complicated in charges which would reflect against the character of any clergyman, and in the autumn of 1879 he was suspended from the pastorate. Rev. J. H. Richie thereafter supplied the pulpit for a few months, until in 1880, the church was fortunate in securing Rev. David E. Platter, of New Jer- sey, as its pastor. He was a man well qualified for the position and was popular not only in his 238 OLD LANDMARKS own congregation, but also in the community as a whole. He continued in pastoral charge about ten years, being compelled to resign by reason of an affection of the throat which ren- dered it impossible for him to continue speaking in public. Rev. H. Clay Ferguson was the next incumbent and remained until 1895, when, by reason of his views becoming antagonistic to some of the officers of the church, he with- drew, taking a number of the members of church witli him, and they organized a new congregation, known as Calvary Presbyterian church. Shortly afterward Rev. O. B. Milli- gan was called and installed as pastor and is the present incumbent. He has made wonder- ful progress in the upbuilding of the church, both spiritually and financially. During the pastorate of Rev. D. E. Plat- ter, a mission was started in the southwest portion of the city, the same being known as the Buckingham mission. It has been contin- ued to the present time and a house of worship has been erected and paid for, the building be- ing capable of seating about five hundred per- sons, and the w^ork is prosperous in all ways. METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH IN CANTON. By John Danner. It has been found difficult to discover au- thentic records of the earliest movements of the Methodists in Canton and the county, but the writer is impressed with the belief, from data obtainable, that his grandfather, Philip Schlos- ser (afterward spelled Slusser), and William Hill were the first resident Methodists of Can- ton. They often discussed and planned to have a church of their faith established here, and they improved every opportunity to enlist the co-operation of the itinerant clergy of the church in the holding of services as often as possible and also to hold class meetings. .Among the first to preach here were a presiding elder by the name of Waterman and Rev. J. Graham, who was a circuit preacher. They held services here occasionally as early as 181 7. Whenever missionaries came into the locality the Methodists here were quite active in work- ing up a meeting for them. They had no reg- ular place of worship. Sometimes they would assemble in private houses and occasionally they would occupy the old log court house which has been elsewhere described in this se- ries of articles. Finally they met quite regu- larly in the old frame school house which stood on the block now occupied by the high school building. This old one-story school house was later moved to the northeast corner of McKin- ley avenue and Tuscarawas street and for a number of years was used as a cabinet shop by the late John McCurdy, while later it was re- moved about forty feet further north on the same lot, where it stood until comparatively a few years ago, when it was torn down. After the first brick school house was erected on the school lot in West Tuscarawas street, the Methodists held their meetings for several years in the east room of the second story. It has been found impossible to deter- mine the exact date of the organization of a Methodist society in Canton, but it must have been about 1822. About 1823 John McLean, who afterward became a justice of the United States supreme court, and whose sympathies were always with the Methodists, chanced to pass a Sunday in Canton as a guest in Dewalt's tavern. He inquired as to \^•lletller or not there was any Methodist meeting in the village that day and was directed to the old academy, or school building, where he found a few persons assembled for a prayer meeting, Philip Slusser being the leader. The leader was somewhat disconcerted to see a man of such dignified po- sition come to the meeting, but when oppor- tunity offered Mr. McLean arose and spoke so CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. = 39 kindly and eloquently as to win the hearts of all present. About this time Rev. William Tipton was the circuit preacher for Canton, and it seems that he visited the place once each fortnight. In 1824 Rev. Daniel Goddard became the cir- cuit preacher, and for some time thereafter Canton continued as a mere circuit station. The society began to grow, however, and in 1825 had quite a number of new and useful members, among whom were Drs. Thomas and John Bonfield, John Webb, Peter Tofler, "Mother" Cake, Jacob Rex and Newberry Cline. While the society met in the old acad- emy, they had various preachers, among whom were Revs. Frey, Plimpton, Ruckel, Kent, Graham, Sheppard and Sheldon. During this time the question of buying a lot and making an effort to build a house of worship was c[uite generall}' discussed, and Dr. Bonfield, New- berry Cline and William Dunbar were ap- pointed a committee to look up a location. In 1830 the society purchased the block of lots that lay between McKinle}- avenue and De- walt street, facing on Eighth street and run- ning back to Ninth. In 1833, near the center of the Eighth street frontage, they erected a modest little church. The building was forty by fifty feet in dimensions, and was all in one audience room, only eighteen feet in height, the two outside doors opening directly into the audience room. In the early times the wo- men always took the west side and the men the east side of the church during all services, an intermixture of the sexes being then con- sidered in exceedingly bad form. The contractor and builder of this primitive meeting house was the late Thomas Cunningham. Soon after the completion of the. building the circuit preacher, Rev. Milton Colt, died, and his remains were buried a short distance south of the church, I)eing remoA'cd to the cemetery a number of years later. About the time of the completion of the church. Edward White, Joshua Saxton, William Dunbar, George N. Webb and Daniel Gotshall became active and useful members. In 1837 E. C. Patterson and wife settled in Canton and from that time forward they con-' tined to be valued members of the church until their death, a few years ago. Not long after they came to Canton, Rev. John M. Goshorn located here. He was a good preacher, but preferred to give most of his time and energy to school teaching. Shortly after his settling here, the two-story building still standing at the northwest corner of the block, and now used as a residence, was erected, and there was established the Canton Female Seminary, which had a most successful history under the capable management of Mr. Goshorn and his talented wife. No other select school in Canton has ever yet attained so great popularity and hirge patronage as did this seminary, and all good citizens regretted when it ceased to exist. Rev. J. M. Goshorn resided for the most of the time in the old Cribbs house, which is the two-story brick building on the northwest cor- ner of Cleveland avenue and Fifth street, and here was conducted a boarding house for the young ladies who attended the seminary. In the early occupancy of the church block a parsonage had been erected thereon, its lo- cation being at the corner of Eighth and De- walt streets. It was afterward occupied for years by the late William Barber and his fam- ily. Additions have been made to the house, so that its appearance is materially changed, but it still stands on the original location. It should also be stated that a fourth building stood on the back of the middle lot, facing on Ninth street. This house was quite small, be- ing not more than nine feet wide and not more than twenty in length. It was for a long time the snug and happy little home of the church sexton, James Armstrong, and his wife, Nan- cy. They were colored people and were the embodiment of good nature, while they not onlv looked carefully to the maintenance of 240 OLD LANDMARKS neatness and order in the church building, but were also quite active in its services. They had no children. Armstrong was familiarly known in the town as "Black Jim." while his wife was called "Aunt Nancy." He was above the average physique, while she was quite small. Tn times of protracted meeting the voice of Black Jim could often be heard above all others. He and his wife finally re- moved to Mount Union, where they passed the remainder of their lives, having had many friends in the county. John McCurdy and wife and Frederick Hafer and wife were among the old and faith- ful workers of the church, and in latter days David H. Harmon and wife and Peter Hugus and wife were very active workers, and al- ways with the advance guard. Upon the open- ing of the female seminary by the Rev. J. M. Goshorn, the congregation began to feel that they should no longer be kept on a circuit, but have a regular and stated pastor. Their request to this end soon met with a favorable response, and their first settled pastor for all-time pur- poses was the Rev. Edward Burkett. It soon became manifest, however, that they could not pay a stated pastor for his whole time, and they were therefore compelled to again be as- signed to a circuit, the same embracing Canton, Greentown, Hartville, Bethlehem, Sparta and Miller's church, in Pike township. The pas- tors who came after Mr. Burkett and kept up the circuit were Revs. White, Hare, Cramer, Baker, McCue, Swaney, McAbee, Jackson and Scott, and there may have been a few others whose names the writer has not been able to ascertain. About 1840 the Rev. Mr. McCue was carried away with the doctrines of Miller- ism, or second adventism, but the church was never affected by his fanaticism. At the time of the opening of the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chicago Railroad, in 185 1-2, there were introduced into our midst E. Ball, C. Aultman and the Millers, which gave the town a new impetus, and the Methodist Episcopal church at once took a higher stand in the community than it had e\-er before occupied. Very soon there- after the church people had a regular stated preacher every Sunday, and thus closed for all time the connection of the Canton church with the circuit system. The old frame church was soon found to be too small and \'ery much out of date, and in 1862 a very fine brick edifice was erected on the corner of Tus- carawas street and Cleveland avenue, the same having class rooms, Sunday school rooms, etc. This new house was a wonderful improvement upon the old, and the church grew and pros- pered in every way until January, 1881, when, as the congregation was about to celebrate the sacrament of the holy communion, on the first Sunday of the new year, the church was found to be on fire. Rev. Pliram Miller, who was then pastor, proved very calm, being a man of excellent judgment, and he managed to get the congregation out of the building without a panic, but the church was destroyed. The so- ciety afterward built their present fine edifice, which is of stone and which occupies the site of the old church. After the destruction of the former building several churches of other de- nominations, with true Christian courtesy, of- fered the Methodists the use of their respective houses of worship, but it was deemed best to rent a hall in the ]Monitor block, and there they remained until the present edifice was comple- ted. The history of the church from that time to the present has been one of growth and spir- itual and temporal prosperity, and the church is one of the strongest in the city. THE BAPTIST CHURCH. By John Danner. Among the first Baptist ministers to settle in Stark county were Rev. Jehu Brown, of AULTMAN HOSPITAL. i CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 241 Wajaiesburg.. and Re\-. Pitney Guest, of Pike township. Both settled in the county about 1825 and were considered good preachers in their time, but they were always fearful of making a start in Canton. In 1849 Thomas Goodman, Robert Latimer and the writer of this article resolved to make the effort to ef- fect an organization in Canton. In April of that year the writer and his wife removed from Massillon to Canton, bringing our church letters with us, and we, together with Brothers Latimer and Goodman and Daniel Kreps, who was a clerk here and a Baptist, made a total of five. We at once ar- ranged to have Rev. John Winter, of Sharon, Pennsylvania, moxe to Canton and preach for us, and he and his wife increased the number of our church folk to seven. We called a council in _\pril, 1849, ^"d effected an organ- i7ation as a Baptist church of seven membei's. On the 22d of April we organized our Sunday school, with foiu'teen in attendance. Our meetings at first, and for several months there- after, were held in the little town hall, then lo- cated in the upper story of the okl market house, on the north public square. The Trinity Lutheran church had utilized the same room for a similar purpose about fifteen years pre- vious. We then purchased from the late Ira M. Allen his frame school-house, twenty-four by thirty-six feet in dimensions, the same standing on rented ground at the corner of Eighth and Court streets, the site of the pres- ent Raynolds block. In 1851 we purchased from the late John Shorb a lot at the southeast corner of Tenth and Market streets, where the riarter block now stands. The lot secured had a frontage of only forty-five feet on Market street, and one hundred and five feet repre- sented the Tenth street frontage. We then moved the frame building which we had pur- chased from Mr. Allen on to the east end of our new lot, and in 1852 we erected a brick edi- fice, the same being thirty-six by fifty feet in di- 15 mensions and of more modern design and con- struction than any other church building then in the city. The old building was then used for the Sunday schood and for prayer meet- ings, and these two buildings continued to be thus used by the congregation until 1872, when we took possession of our present house of worship. The old church which had been adapted from the Allen school-house was then sold to J. C. Lantz, who removed it to South Rex street, and he used it as a shop until its destruction by fire, a few years later. Rev. John Winter remained our pastor only a short time and then removed to Massillon, and we then had Thomas E. In- man and Andrew M. Torbet, who Avere both excellent men, but neither of them kept the pastorate long. Then followed Rev. P. M. W^eddell, a nephew of Peter M. Weddell, who built the Weddell hotel, long one of the finest houses of the sort in the city of Cleveland. He remamed with us seven years and did a good \vork. He then accepted a call to the Baptist church in Wooster, Ohio, and imme- diately thereafter Rev. Samuel Gorman, who was reared in Sandy township, this county, but who had been for a number of years a mis- sionary in New Mexico, took the pastoral charge and here continued likewise for seven years. Before Rev. Mr. Gorman resigned we found that our membership had grown to more than three hundred, and the seating capacity of the original brick church proved inadequate. ' Among the strong members of the congrega- tion was the late George Cook and it was de- cided that a larger building was demanded, but the lot on which the old church was located would not aft'ord the desired ground space. In 1871 the lot at the corner of Ninth and Mar- ket streets was purchased from the Kimball es- tate, and thereon the present church edifice was erected, at a cost of fifty thousand dollars, the church being free from debt. About the time this church was building Rev. Gorman felt it to 242 OLD LANDMARKS be his duty to resign his pastorate, and then fol- lowed the pastorate of Rev. W. A. Smith, who was in charge for several years, and in 1876 he and forty-two other members withdrew and organized the Centenary Baptist church, but the organization lapsed within a year, Mr. Smith returning to the east, whence he had come, while the majority of the seceding mem- bers returned to the mother church. After Mr. Smith's withdrawal the church issued a call to Rev. Duncan McGregor, who was a Scotchman and a most excellent preacher, but he remained only one year, his wife persuading him to return to their native land. Shortly afterward we were favored in securing the services of Rev. E. W. Lounsbury, who re- mained our pastor for seven years, doing a good work. He was succeeded by Rev. B. F. Ashley, who was with us a few years, with- out any marked change. Then came Rev. J. F. Rapson, who was a consecrated man and a hard worker, but his health and strength were not such as to justify his remaining. He took a smaller charge in one of the New England states, and died a few years later. After these two short pastorates the church was fortunate in securing Rev. J. N. Field, who did an excel- lent and fruitful work during his seven years' pastorate, and who then accepted a call fnom th6 Prospect Avenue church in Buffalo, New York. Rev. L. M. Roper succeeded Mr. Field, and after a service of four years he felt it his duty to resign in order to return to his native state of South Carolina, where he continues in the work of the church. THE DISCIPLES CHURCH. By John Danner. Nearly seventy years ago there was a small congregation of Disciples of Christ, or Chris- tians, organized as a church in Canton, but it has been impossible to discover any definite record concerning the organization. It is, however, recalled that Alpheus Brown and the late John Koons were among the members. They had no house of worship, but held most of their meetings in the old court house, which was built in 1816, with occasional meetings in private houses. Between 1840 and 1849, while the writer was residing in Massillon, the late Rev. Alexander Campbell, of Bethany, West Virginia, came there and preached in the old Christian church upon several occasions, and it was also said that he held services in Can- ton at that period. Upon the writer's return to Canton, in 1849, he found that the little church of Disciples had disbanded, and very soon after the organization of the Baptist church here Deacon Daniel Grace, who had been promi- nently identified with the Disciples in Canton, cast in his lot with the Baptist organization, proving one of the zealous and worthy workers in the same. He remained a faithful member until his death, in 1876. A few years after the organization of the Baptist church in Canton, in 1849, the present Disciples church was or- ganized. — about 1 85 1 or 1852, — and very soon thereafter the society erected a brick church on the southeast corner of South Cleveland avenue and Seventh street, on the lot now occupied by the city hall. It was a plain but substantial brick building, thirty-six by fifty feet in dimensions, with a seating capacity adequate to accommo- date about three hundred persons. It has not been possible for the writer to discover any record as to the organizers of the church, as has been already stated, but he personally knows that John Koons was one of them and also believes that this gentleman's brother-in- law, John Correll, of Plain township, was one of the constituent members of the second or- ganization. In the early history of the present church there were identified with the same sev- eral of the Littles, the Ownes, George Prince, Mr. and Mrs. D. Risher and Mrs. Allison Dun- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 243 bar, but it is not known whether or not the}' were constituent members. After thein house of worship was completed, nearly half a cen- tury a,§o, the Disciples had some able minis- ters and visitors, among the latter being the late James A. Garfield. President of the Uni- ted States, and the writer can well remember hearing him speak in the church in Canton be- fore he became known to the nation as a great and honest politician. It is thought that Rev. Alexander Campbell did not visit Canton after the ; organization of the present church, his visitations having been made while the first organization was yet in existence, and when no house of worship had been erected by the society. He died on the 4th of March, 1866, and had traveled very little for several years prior to his demise. During the war of the Rebellion, the con- gregation became quite weakened, but main- tained regular meetings. In 1866 Rev. S. Chapman came to Canton and assumed the pastorate, reorganizing the congregation with about twenty members, and soon an era of prosperity dawned on the church, and it now has a good standing among the religious bod- ies -in Canton. Not long after the coming of Mr, Chapman, the city made overtures for the purchase of the church property, as it was then the project for the building of the fine city hall on this block of lots was being brought definitely forward, it being al- together desirable that the city should thus acquire the corner occupied by the Disciples church. Nine thousand dollars was finally of- fered for the property, and as this was consid- ered a good price, the church society accepted the proposition. The church then purchased their present lot, on Ninth and Dewalt streets, and soon afterward erected their present attractive church edifice, while the society has been growing and enlarging its influ- ence from that time to the present. After Mr. Chapman, the society had a number of pastors, among whom may be mentioned the Revs. In- gram, William Hayden, Joseph Ross, Hensil- man, W. A. Watkins, R. G. White, John E. Potmds, E. R. Black, C. G. Brelos, H. F. Lutz and the present pastor, Rev. C. A. Hill, who has tlie reputation of being a careful and ear- nest worker, while the church is in a prosper- ous condition. There may have been a few other pastors and the above list may not be in accurate and chronological order, but the data is the best obtainable without official record, which is not accessible. THE UNITED BRETHREN CHURCH. By John Danner. The first church edifice erected by the Uni- ted Brethren in Canton was built in 1869. It stands on the corner of Charles and Willets streets, is constructed of brick and is about thirty-five by forty-five feet in dimensions, while at the time of its erection it was consid- ered on a par with the best church buildings in the town. Since the congregation has built and occupied its new edifice, at the cor- ner of Cleveland avenue and Tenth street, the old building has' been utilized as a Jewish synagogue, while the African Meth- odists have also held their services in the building. The exterior appearance of the structure has not been materially changed dur- ing the long intervening years, and the present beautiful edifice of the United Brethren, erect- ed somewhat more than a decade ago, is among the best and most moderm in the city, having represented an expenditure of about thirty-five thousand dollars. The first building is not as old as others previously described in this se- ries of articles, but there were a number of families of this faith in and near Canton some years before an organization was efifected or an attempt made to build a house of wonship. 244 OLD LANDMARKS Among them is recalled the venerable Rev. John Neisz, who lived on his farm, about three miles south of Canton. He took a deep inter- est not alone in the early history of this church in Canton, but also in other parts of the coun- ty,, while occasionally he extended his trips throughout the western part of the state. In the building of this first United Breth- ren church, Rev. Father Neisz aided quite freely in the financial department, as well as in his exhortations to others to help. He was a man of wide acquaintance and was much loved and respected. The first efforts of the church people of this faith were directed in se- curing the assembling for prayer meetings in private houses and of an occasional sermon, and they soon became impressed with the con- viction that they had a mission to perform here and which they could accomplish only by organizing under their own denominational name, and this soon led to the purchase of a lot and the erection of the church. At the ded- ication of their first house of worship Bishop Jonathan Weaver ofiiciated, and he is still liv- ing at the time of this writing, being well ad- vanced in years and a man of wide influence in the religious world. The first trustees of this church in Canton were Cornelius Weid- ner, Alfred Gonser, John Fulk and Solomon Yant. At the time of the building of their first church they had a membership of about thirty persons some of them in most moderate circumstances, so that it implied consecration and self-abnegation to assume the responsibil- ity of building a church, even though the same cost only a few thousand dollars. Among the constituent members aside from those already mentioned were Hester Gonser, Miss C. ^^■eid- ner, John Swartz and wife, Mrs. Solomon Yant, Henry Cavnah and wife, Nancy Ham- mond and a few others. During the winter of 1870-71 there was quite an acquisition to the membership, among the number being Will- iam McCammon and wife, Andrew Cubbison and wife, and Misses Martha Reed and Elmira St. Clair. The first regular pastor was Rev. J. Cecil. He was a man of large physique and was equally powerful as a preacher and worker. The church then had for a short time as pas- tor the Rev. Lehmasters, and he was succeeded by Rev. A. Bowers, who remained only one year. In September, 187 1, Rev. B. F. Booth took charge of the congregation and continued pastor for six years. He was a man of more than ordinary ability and was much esteemed by all, the congregation being much enlarged and strengthened by his pastorate. He was afterward elected secretary of the general mis- sionary organization of the church, retaining this office until his death, a number of years later. Rev. Samuel Koontz became pastor in September, 1877, and so continued until about 1 880. In September, 1 880, Rev. R. Rock took charge of the work, remaining two years and doing a good work. Twenty-four members were received during his pastorate and a good financial report was made. Rev. Charles N. Queen succeeded Dr. Rock in 1882, and after remaining one year returned to college to complete his studies. He was absent one year and then reassumed his pastorate here, re- maining two years longer. He was a young man of marked abilit}- and a good pastor. Dur- ing his pastorate the annual conference added two appointments to the charge, the Warner church and the Middlebranch mission, both being a number of miles northeast of Canton. During the interval of Rev. Mr. Queen, Rev. H. A. Dowling filled the pastorate, but the work was somewhat broken at this time by the frequent changes which had been made in the clergy in charge thereof. In 1886 Rev. William Williamson came to the church and remained its pastor for the ensuing ten years, being a successful and untiring leader. The Warner and Middlebranch appointments were taken from the charge in September, 1888, but CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 245 \he church in Canton continued to be in part .lej)en(ient for its support upon the missionary board until 1892, when it became self-support- ing. ]\Ir. AVilliamson was an indefatigable worker, and held the esteem and confidence not alone of his own people, but of the com- munity in general, while he was progressive in his views and aided in all moral reform work, being specially pronounced in his hostility to the liquor traffic and making many addresses here and elsewhere in favor of the temperance cause. Mr. Williamson discerned the need of hav- ing the church more centrally located, in order that more efficient work might be done and accommodations provided for the United Brethren families who were taking up their residence in the city. By his advice the lot at the southeast corner of Cleveland avenue and Tenth streets was purchased, and the present commodious and attractive brick edifice was erected thereon, the new church being dedi- cated in 1895. In 1896 Mr. Williamson re- signed to accept the pastorate of the church at Altoona, Pennsylvania, and shortly afterward Rev. P. M. Camp became the pastor of the Canton church, over which he remained in charge only one year. He was a good man, an able speaker and was well liked here. His sudden and unexpected departure somewhat checked the church work, but soon the congre- gation secured the services of Rev. Dr. J. A. 'Weller, but he likewise remained only one year, being succeeded in September. 1898, by the present pastor. Rev. Charles Crewbaker, who came here from Maryland. His earnest and faithful work has won to him the affectionate regard of his people and the respect and es- teem of the entire community. The financial undertaking involved in the purchase of the lot and the erection of the new church was a large one, considering the fact that the membership of the church was not large and that most of the number were per- sons in moderate circumstances, and the bur- den became the greater owing to the financial panic which swept the country at the time the new building was in process of erection, but that success crowned their, efforts stands in evi- dence of the devotion and zeal of the church people. The}- deserve much praise for what they have accomplished, and the church is now making most .satisfactory progress in both its spiritual and temporal work. FOREST TREES OF STARK COUNTY. By Lew Slusser. The following list of trees, that attain a growth not less than sixteen feet in height and four inches in diameter, has been made out after considerable research : White oak, red oak. chestnut oak. Burr oak, swamp oak, black oak, Spanish oak, scrub oak or black jack, post oak, pin oak, black walnut, white walnut, shell-bark hick- ory, pig-nut hickory, bitter hickory, syca- more, yellow poplar, cotton wood, basswood (linden), mountain ash, white ash, green ash, swamp or black ash, sugar maple, hand maple, red or swamp maple, silverleaf maple, box el- der, wild cherry, choke cherry, dogwood, iron- wood, black or sour gum, white elm, slippery elm, sugar or huckberry, yellow beech, white beech, water beech, prickley ash (tooth-ache tree), cucumber, tamarack, locust, honey lo- cust, crab apple, white pine, spruce pine, black willow, wild yellow or red plum, service or June berry, sassafi'as, yellow birch, witch ha- zel, wild plum, sweet gum, white cedar, red ce- dar, weeping willow, yellow willow, pawpaw, chestnut, whitehorn, white mulberry, black mulberry. The exotics we would not untlertake to enumerate. Besides all our fruit trees, many ha\'e i)ecn introduced for ornament and for 246 OLD LANDMARKS shade. Among the most conspicuous may be mentioned tlie buckeye, horse chestnut, catalpa, Ailanthus, Enghsh, Scotch and box elder, white fringe, Norway spruce, balsam tir, Scotch and Austria pine, balm of Gilead, I^oni- bardy and silver-leaf poplar. OUR REPRESENTATIVES IN CON GRESS. By Lew Slusser. Ohio was admitted as a state in 1803, and had but one representative in the lower house up to 1813. That one was Jeremiah Morrow, of Warren county. In 181 2 the Ohio legisla- ture made the first apportionment of the state into districts for the election of congressmen, making six districts, of which the sixth was composed of Tuscarawas, Stark, Columbiana, Portage, Trumbull, Cuyahoga, Geauga, Ash- tabula, Knox. Wayne and Richland. The first man elected from the district was John Stark Edwards, of Warren, Trumbull county. He was the son of Hon. Pierpont Edwards, of New Haven, who became proprietor of Meso- potamia, Trumbull county, in the division of lands among the parties composing the Con- necticut Land Company. Stark, as the son was familiarly called, went to Mesopotamia in the spring of 1799. He was commissioned recorder of Trumbull county in July, 1800. by General St. Clair, and held that ofiice until his death in 1813. The winter of 1804-5 he spent in Chillicothe, then the capital of the state, in an effort to obtain a division of Trumbull county. "The bill passed the house nine to one, but was postponed in the senate to next session," — so he wrote to his friends in Con- necticut immediately upon his return to War- ren. January 15 of the same year he wrote, "My legal business supports me handsomely." In 1802 his brother-in-law, Samuel W. Johnson, in behalf of himself and Stark's "good sister," writes him, "We trust we shall in due season see you descending the waters and crossing the mountains to advocate your country's interests in Washington." In reply he wrote, "I often experience much real pleasure in contemplating the future greatness of this flourishing and rising country. I can behold cities looming up in the future which shall equal in population and splendour those of the Atlantic states — a rich, well improved and highly cultivated country, and as great a share of luxuries and enjoyments of life as are necessary for our happiness. I am heartily tired of living alone. You must look me up a wife. Things are taking such a course as will give us a tolerable society in this place, when I must eventually settle down." In 1807 he married a lady of Springfield, Vermont, returned with her to Warren and resided in a house with Simon Perkins until he had a dwell- ing erected for himself. In 181 1 he and his brother Ogden bought to their father the Put- In-Bay islands and stocked them with one hun- dred and fifty Merino sheep and four hundred hogs. The same year he was commissioned colonel commandent of the Second Regiment, Third Brigade, Fourth Division, Ohio Militia. On Hull's surrender in August, 1812, he marched his regiment to Cleveland and was active in arousing the country to the threaten- ing dangers. Having made himself somewhat prominent before the people, and regarded as a man of more than ordinary ability, he was by common consent supported and elected to congress. In the winter following, while at Put-in- Bay island arranging his business, with the ex- pectation of being absent some tune, he was much exposed and contracted what he iup- posed to be a bad cold. After a few days' con- finement, feeling better and concluding to start, he arose from his bed in the morning, walked across the floor, was heard to cough and then CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. H7 give out a sound as if choking-, when he fell and died in a few minutes. He was in his thirty-sixth year; tall, stoutly built, of florid complexion and commanding presence. His death shed sadness and gloom over the whole country. He was a graduate of Princeton Col- lege; studied law in New Haven, attended the lectures of Judge Reese at the law school in Litchfield, Connecticut, and was admitted to practice in March, 1799. He was regarded as the most gifted of all the brilliant lawyers who early settled in the Western Reserve. Al- though Colonel Edwards was the first con- gressman elected he died before taking his seat. These facts have been obtained from the Historical Collections of the Mahoning Valley, through the courtesy of Dr. Julian Harmon, of Warren. Colonel Edwards was followed in 1814 by General Beall. GEN. REASIN BEALL. The condition of the country, growing out of the war with England, rendered it nec- essary, in the opinion of President Madison, to call an extra session of congress in 181 3. The death of Colonel Edwards left our dis- trict without a representative. A special elec- tion was held and Gen. Reason Beall, of New Lisbon, was elected. General Beall was born in York county, Pennsylvania, August 10, 1770, and removed with his father, while young, to Washington county, same state. On attaining his majority he entered the United States army, and was made an ensign March 7, 1792, being pro- moted to adjutant and quartermaster the fol- lowing year. On his retirement from the army he settled in Steubenville, but not liking the place removed to New Lisbon in 1803. While there he was made clerk of court, in which capacity he served a number of years. His service in the regular army imbued him with military spirit and he was quite active in in- fusing a like spirit among the people, organ- izing the militia and preparing them for the conflict which soon followed. Organizing a regiment, he was made colonel, and as soon as the increase of troops justified was elected brigadier general. The surrender of General Hull at Detroit created a great panic over the country, many of the inhal)itants of this sec- tion returning to Pennsylvania for safety. Li this state of affairs everybody turned to Gen- eral Beall as the man to devise wa^s and means for protection. He lost no time in organizing a battalion of men and marching them to the support of the frontier inhabitants of Wayne and Richland counties. Block houses were built in different localities of Stark county west of Tuscarawas river. George W. Raff, foun- der of the Central Savings Bank, was born in one of them. General Beall marched his troops to Camp Huron where he joined those from the West- ern Reserve under General Wadsworth and General Perkins. Here they were reviewed by General Harrison, and the army being re- organized General Beall returned home. He took his seat in congress May 24, 181 3. In this extra session as well as in the regular ses- sion following, he gave his best efforts in the support of measures for the rigorous prosecu- tion of the war. There was opposition, that being the time of the Hartford convention and the Blue Light Federalists of New England. General Beall was not much of a politician, and as his domestic ties were very strong, the duties of a congressman became ii^ksome and distaste- ful. He concluded to resign at the close of the session of 181 3-14, which he did. The office of register of the land office for the Wooster district becoming \-acant in 1814 General Beall Avas appointed to the place and immediately thereafter took up his residence in Wooster. He held this office until 1824, when he resigned, intending to retire from pub- 248 OLD LANDMARKS lie employment. With the exception of being chosen a presidential elector in the campaign of 1840 he took no part in politics. He died February 20, 1843. General Beall was a man of commanding appearance and made a favor- able impession upon all with whom he came in contact. He was regarded as a man of strict integrity and scrupulously honest. Considered wealthy lor his day. he was liberal in his con- trilnitions to promote morality and religion. He was a member of the Presbyterian church and died in the full faith of the promise of a Redeemer. A daughter of General Beall married \\\\\- iam Christmas, a prominent merchant of Can- ton, who died here in the 'thirties. Mrs. Christmas was a woman of more than ordinary ability and at one time was an influential mem- ber of society. DAVID CLENDEN.^N. Following the resignation of General Beall, came David Clendenan, of Trumbull county, who served the unexpired term of General Beall and was re-elected a second term, ending in 181 7. Notwithstanding considerable effort, we ha\-e been unable to gather any information in reference to the Hon. David Clendenan. as to where he was born, where he died, or what was his profession, — a sad commentary up- on the posthumous fame of a congressman. W't have looked into the history of Trumbull county, consulted the annals of the Western Reserve, delved among the archives at Wash- ington, but all to no purpose. Poor comfort for a man ambitious to carve his name upon fame's proud temple. PETER HITCHCOCK. David Clendenan was succeeded by Peter Hitchcock, who came from Connecticut and Avas a graduate of Yale College. His father's means being limited, he was compelled to leave college at intervals and engage in teaching to raise the means whereby he was enabled to graduate. There would be Ijut few Yale graduates at the present day if candidates had by their own labor to earn the means of paying their expenses. !Mr. Hitchcock after graduating, studied law, and was admitted to practice. He opened an office in Cheshire, his native town, but "a prophet is not without honor save in his own country," and as clients did not appear in sufficient numbers to satisfy his ambition he left for the west and in 1806 settled in Burton, Geauga county, Ohio, where he entered a tract of land, upon which he made his home the remainder of his life. He tauglil school, practiced in the courts and occupied his leisure time clearing and cultivating liis farm, in which he always took great pride. Although he li^•ed some distance from the court house, his law business in- creased with tiie population, and so popular did he become that his reputation soon sjjread over a wide extent of the country, and notwith- standing there were many lawyers of ability from the east settled in the Reserve, Mr. Hitchcock always maintainetl a leading po- sition at the bar. In 1810 he was elected to represent Geauga coimt\' in tlie lower branch of the legislature. In 181 J he was elected to the senate, and re-elected in 18 14, during a ])ortion of v.-hich term he was made presiding ijfficer. Both in the house and senate he al- ways took a prominent [jart in the proceedings and exercised great influence over the mem- bers. In the fall of ,1816 he was elected to congress, taking a seat in the house of repre- sentatives in December, 1817. He served but one term and before its expiration was elected by the Ohio legislature a judge of the supreme court of the state of Ohio for the constitutional term of seven years. He was re-elected in 1826, and again lirought out in 1833. but Jack- son Democracv was then at a hiyh tide, and as CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 249 Judge Hitchcock belonging to the x\dams party he was defeated. He was not, however, allowed to remain in private life, but was again elected to the state senate, serving two terms and discharging the duties of presiding officer during the last session. In 1835 he was again elected to the supreme bench and at the close of his term was defeated by partisan oppo- sition, but again re-elected in 1845, retaining the office of chief justice until 1852, when he voluntarily retired from public service. He was made a delegate to the convention to re- vise the constitution of Ohio in 1850 and he is credited with bringing about the most im- portant changes in the old instrument. Al- though he held the office of chief justice, his labors in the convention did not prevent the performance of his usual circuit duties on the bench, though it was laborious work. In his habits he was systematic, punctual and atten- tive, dispatching business with peculiar facility. He was a man of robust health, unexceptional habits, and capable of severe mental effort. His strong natural faculties had been improved Ijy habits of sobriety, personal self-denial and untiring industry. He was a Christian, liberal in his contributions to worthy objects and strong in his domestic attachments. He died at the house of liis son, Hon. Reuben Hitch- cock, Painesville, Ohio. March 4, 1834. when on his way home from attendance in the su- preme court at Columbus, where overwork. had brought on severe illness. Judge Hitchcock be- longed to that race of men, now almost extinct, who belie\ed the office should seek the man, and not the man the office. Let us pray for a return of that race in increased numbers. JOHN SLOAN. John Sloan followed Peter Hitchcock and served this district in congress from 18 19 to 1829, ha\ing been returned fi\-e times. At the time of his election he was a citizen of Wooster. He was born in Maryland, served an apprenticeship at the wheelwright trade and followed that occupation in Steubenville before Ohio was a state. He was a man of more than ordinar_\- ability and, being a good talker and manifesting commendable interest in public af- fairs, he was elected in 1804 to the legislature, as a member of the lower house, and re-elected the two successive sessions. In 1808 Presi- ilent Jefferson appointed him neceiver of the land office established that year in Canton. He remained a citizen of Canton until ordered to remove the office to W'ooster in 1816, and then "the star of empire began to take its way westward." In the fall of 181S he was elected to congress and the next year resigned the office of receiver. The journey from this section to Washing- ton at this time was made on horseback, as there were no public conveyances. The route was througli southern Pennsylvania, Maryland and Virginia. Members of congress wintered their horses with the farmers residing near Alexandria. John Randolph and John C. Cal- houn kept their iiorses where they boarded in Geoi^getown, and rode over to the capital. The pay of congressman at that time was eight dollars a day and mileage. They were allowed the franking privilege, which was quite a con- sideration to members who had much of a correspondence, as postage on a single letter from \Vashington to Canton was eighteen and three-fourths cents. Board and lodging ran from five to eight dollars a w^eek. The first re-apportionment of this district was made by the legislature in 1822. The num- ber was then changed from the sixth to the twelfth and was composed of Columbiana, Stark and Wayne counties. Colonel Sloan served one term in the sixth district and four in the twelfth. During the year he was made chair- man of the standing committee on elections. During the ten years he occupied a seat in congress he was a popular and intlucntial mem- 250 OLD LANDMARKS ber, maintaining and vindicating the interest of his district and the county with signal power and ability. He was on terms of close inti- macy with Henry Clay, who held him in high esteem as a man and a statesman. He sup- ported John Ouincy Adams in preference to General Jackson, and notwithstanding the ex- citement that followed the election of Mr. Adams, so popular was Colonel Sloan with the people of his district that he was elected the fifth time in 1826, and though the excitement continued to increase, in the contest of 1828 he was only beaten by a few votes. After the expiration of his congressional career he was appointed clerk of the Wayne county court, which position he held for seven yeaijs. In 1841 he was appointed secretary of state of Ohio, discharging the duties of that office three years. Diu-ing the administration of President Fillmore he was made treasurer of the United States. On his return from Wash- ington, in 1853, he retired from public life and died in Wooster, May 15, 1856, aged seventy seven. DR. JOHN THOMPSON. The district at this time was known as the twelfth and was made up of Columbiana, Stark and Wayne. The political parties of that day were designated the Democratic or Jackson ])arty and the Republican or Adams party. The former obtained its chief support from the south and west, and the latter from the New England states. Many of the leaders of the Adams party were accused of federalism — that is, with a leaning toward monarchy or a more central government. In the presidental contest of 1824 there were four candidates in the field. Tiiat was before the day of calling national conventions to nominate. As neither candidate received a majority of electoral votes, in accordance with the provision of the constitution, it devolved upon the house of rep- resentatives to elect a President from the three highest candidates. Jackson had ninety-nine, Adams had eighty-three, Crawford, forty^one, and Clay, thirty-seven. The excitement in the house during the canvassing was what might have been anticipated; from ways thai are dark and tricks that are subtle, those of the office seeker are past finding out. The charge of "bargain and sale" in politics originated at that time, and the reader is aware how it has flourished since. From the inauguration of Adams to the next presidential election party spirit ran high and the contest was most acrimonious. Those in office, in the hope of being retained, were unsparing in their de- nunciations of General Jackson. No candi- date before or since was so villified and abused. When elected, the circumstances sur- rounding him demanded, in justice to the administration, that he remove his enemies from official positions. Senator Marcy, of New York, annunciated the doctrine that "to the victors belong the spoils of the enemy," and that has been the practice ever since by both parties, modified to some extent. The congressional contest in this district in the fall of 1828 was remarkably, active. Both parties resorted to every means in their power, except "boodle," and that "root of all evil" difl not at that day enter in as a factor in political contests. John Sloan was a candi- date for re-election for the sixth term. He Avas considered the best known and the most popular man in the district. Having served for a number of years as government receiver of public moneys at Canton and Wooster, and making a favorable impression upon all with whom he came in contact, and having proven himself a wise and judicious legislator, it was thought that he could not be defeated, but he was, by Dr. John Thomson, of New Lisbon. The latter was born in the north of Ireland, and came to this country with his parents when about seven years of age. They settled CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 251 in Butler couiUy, Pennsylvania, where he re- mained until grown, when he studied medicine and removed to New Lisbon. During" the war with England, which soon followed, he im- bibed quite a military spirit, and as he took an active part in the organization of the militia he was promoted to the position of major gen- eral. He was a man of fine appearance, par- ticularly on horseback. He served three terms in the house and two in the senate of the state legislature, from 1814 to 1821. He was not only very popular with his own part}^, but his gentlemanly bearing and kind and conciliatory manner secured the respect and esteem of his political opponents. The crowning excellency of his life was his piety. He was an elder in the Presbyterian church, and during his term in congress he was a regular attendant upon the weekly prayer meeting composed of men of both political parties. He enjoyed the society of good men and loved to join with them in praise and prayer. He was always very neat and particular in dress. It was said of him that upon his first visit to Wash- ington, and before taking his seat in congress, he purchased the finest suit of clothing in the city, and before leaving for home he stored the suit away until his return, giving as a reason for not taking it with him that crossing the mountains was hard on clothing and he wished to avoid soiling them. He was assigned a member of the standing committee on public expenditures, and spelled Thompson without the p. He died September 9, 1852, aged sev- enty years. BENJAMIN JONES. Benjamin Jones, of Wooster, •\\-as our rep- resentative from 1833 to 1837. He was born in 1787 in Winchester. Frederick county, Vir- ginia. He served an apprenticeship for seven years to the trafle of cabinet making, worked as a "jour" several years and then started Inisiness for himself. Not succeeding as well as he anticipated, he took the contract for car- rying the mail on horseback from Canton to Mansfield. Tiring of that, and still anxious to accumulate, he engaged in merchandising. This brought him more in contact with people and made him a politician. He was elected a representative to the state legislature in 1821; in 1824 he was district elector on the Jackson ticket, and twice he was elected to the state senate, serving from 1829 to 1832. Though possessed of a limited education, Mr. Jones was endowed with strong natural sense and a happy faculty of expression by which he matle a favorable impression. He was a man of attractive social qualities and an interesting story teller. General Jackson was in the habit of inviting him to the White House purposely to help him entertain company \\\t\\ his jokes. He was strongly built, of dark complexion and a member of the Baptist church, though a devoted worshiper of General Jackson and loud in his expressions of Democ- racy. The writer of this has a distinct recollection of Congressman Jones stopping over in Canton on his way to Washington by stage, that his constituents might have the opportunity of an interview. He put up at the Eagle Tavern, on the site of the first National Bank, then kept by George Dewalt (grandfather of Mrs. Mc- Kinley, Avife of our present congressman), and the bar-room was given up to callers. The writer, then a lad of twelve, with a crowd of boys, occupied the pavement, looking through the window to see this distinguished individual, who made an impression upon us as would Stanley, the African explorer, or Buffalo Bill upon the boy of today. He served while in congress on the committee on terri- tories. He died of disease of the heart April 24, 1861. aged seventy-four. 252 OLD LANDMARKS MATHIAS SHEPLER. The census of 1830 gave the state an in- creased representation in the lower house of congress, consequently it became necessary to redistrict. Wayne and Stark alone furnished population sufficient to constitute a district, and were united, forming the eighteenth. Co- lumbiana was severed from Stark and made a part of the seventeenth. General Thomson, of that county, who had been our previous representative, was re-elected from the new district. Rotation in office was, and is yet to some extent, an accepted principle in politics. Two terms were supposed to be sufficient to satisfy the ambition or cupidity of the average office seeker. Exceptions occur in the en- forcement of this rule, and where the incum- bent has the ability and the backing he is con- tinued in office. It was this rule of action that governed the South in ante-bellum times and which gave them the advantage over the North in national legislature. Ben Jones, of Wayne, having had two terms, it was conceded that Stark was entitled to the honors. The political leaders in Stark county at that day belonged to .the Democratic party and were the JMcCullys, Johnsons, James Kelly and Tom Blackburn, of Massillon ; the Dunbars, Doc Stidger, Belden and Stark- weather, of Canton : Arnold Lynch and Judge Greenwood, of Paris. It was the custom of those men to put their heads together and deal out the offices. Malhias Shepler was a well-known, popu- lar man, having served a num!)er of terms in the legislature, and while he was not aggress- ive — that is to say, had not been instrumental in effecting any changes in the existing laws or in creating new ones, and had not in any way aroused the ()p])()sition — it was decided to bring him out as a Democratic candidate for congress. Tlie ^\'hig candidate was Samuel Ouinby, 'if Wooster. Mr. Shejiler made no effort to secure his election. Although in comfortable circumstances, his contribution was limited to what was equitably his propor- tion of the expense legitimately incurred in en- tertaining speakers from a distance, the music and necessary printing. No man was hired to electioneer, nor was there any money given to purchase ^'otes. The saloon was not then a factor in politics, nor had our foreign popula- tion anything to say in the matter. The farm- ing curnmunit}' and the mechanics of the towns were the controlling element. The vote of Stark county was for Shepler, one thousand, nine hundred and sixty-five; for Quinby, one thousand, seven hundred and fifty. Mathias Shepler was born in Westmore- land county, Pennsylvania, November 11. 1790. His advantages of early education were limited. He served in the war of 1812, mar- ried in 1816, and in April, 1818, removed to Ohio, settling upon a quarter section of land entered by his father in Bethlehem township, Stark county. His wife accompanied him on horseback, carrying a child the whole distance. Air. Shepler uas a fine looking man, erect in bearing, a pleasant countenance, courteous in manner, making" favorable impressions upon all with whom he came in contact. He was deliberate in forming an opinion, and when formed, not easily moved. In a new county such a man soon becomes an important factor in society. He was the man chosen to settle neighborhood disputes in controversies. It was not long until he was brought out for jus- tice of the peace, and, although he had no de- sire for office, he could not refuse the impor- tunities of his friends. For nearly thirty years he ser\ ed in that capacity, and his docket, still preserved, is a model of neatness and method. His popularity became widespread, and he was announced as a candidate for county commis- sioner. Twice was he elected to this office. Then lie was sent to legislature, twice to the house and four times to the senate. He was CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 253 also made a member of the state board of equalization. Fortunate in so conducting- him- self in the various offices he had filled as to meet the approbation of his constituents, it was but natural that they should desire his promotion. He found life in Washington and the duties to which he was assigned different than what he anticipated. He was placed on the committee of public expenditures, and soon discovered that he had not the knowledge of national affairs necessary to satisfactorily dis- charge the duties devolving upon him. He was too honest and conscientious to play the sinecure. Mr. Shepler was a member of the United Brethren church, and was particular in observance of the rule that should mark Chris- tian conduct, and the habits and ways of many of his associate members were distaste- ful to him. He was not a public speaker, and felt that he had undertaken a task for which he had not the qualifications, and but for the importunity of friends would have resigned at the expiration of the first session. He per- emptorily declined re-election. In private life Mr. Shepler was above re- proach. He was liberal. In the erection of a United Brethren church in his neighborhood he was chief contributor, and when no more subscriptions could be obtained he fm-nished the balance necessary to its completion. When the June frost of 1859 came upon us and com- pletely destroyed the wheat crop of that year, a famine was predicted. Many farmers had sold all their grain, not even retaining sufficient for seed. There was a feeling of alarm, and a luish was made for the wheat yet in store, ■ some wanting it for seed and others for specu- lation. Mr. Shepler had between three and four hundred bushels on hand. The first call- er was his neighbor, Mr. Leiter. He wished to purchase fifteen or twenty bushels for seed. "Have you the money to pay for it?" inquired Mr. Shepler. "To be sure I have," replied Mr. Leiter, rather nettled at the question. "Then you can buy it of some one else," coolly remarked Mr. Shepler. "What wheat J have to spare I shall sell to those who need it for seed and have not the money to bu_\-. They can pay for it out of the next crop." Such evidence of generosity is not an e\-ery-day occurrence. As has been before remarked, Mr. Shepler made no pretentions to public speaking. The only time he was ever known to make an effort in that direction was while a member of the state board of equaliza- tion. The member from the adjoining county of Tuscarawas had made quite an effort in a speech before the board, to reduce the valua- tion of land in his county, by comparing it with Stark, the most valuable land in the state, be- cause most productive, while Tuscarawas was hilly and iiocky, and only fit for pasture land. There was quite a disposition manifested to re- duce the valuation of Tuscarawas, when Mr. Shepler took tlie floor and, in his honest, frank manner, stated in substance that while he would agree with the gentleman from Tus- carawas as to what he had said about the good quality of land in Stark county, he would differ with him in his estimate of Tuscarawas. He had neglected to mention or allude to the advantages of his section in her mineral re- sources. If those hills did not produce wheat with Stark, they had underneath the soil min- eral resources and salt, far more valuable than anything that could be raised from the surface. Mr. Shepler's remarks were brief, but to the point, and effectually settled the question with- out disturbing the valuation that had been fixed by the board. Mr. Shepler left his farm in i860 and re- mo^■ed to Navarre, where he died April 7, 1863, from a disease of the respiratory or,gans, sup- posed to be consumption. His body was in- terred upon the homestead farm. Mr. Shep- ler was married three times. He had one child by his first wife, John R. Shepler, still living, a retired minister; six by his second = 54 OLD LANDMARKS marriage, only two living'; and no children by his last wife. There is a lesson in the life of every man. That learned from the life of Mathias Shepler is that education is a necessary factor to the dexelopnient of the great or useful man or woman. Some men are born great, others have greatness thrust upon them, but these are exceptional cases. Unless an effort be made to develop the mind in youth and a taste for knowledge excited, it is rarely a thing attended to in adult years. Mr. Shepler had natural ability. All that was wanting was oppor- tunity for cultivation. Had he enjoyed this he would have made a very able man. DAVID A. STARKWEATHER. On the refusal of Mathias Shepler to ac- cept a second term in congress David A. Stark- weather, a well-known Democrat and a man of acknowledged ability, was brought out. Mr. Starkweather was born in Lincolnfield, Con- necticut, graduated at Williams College, Mass- achusetts, studied law with his brother, in Coop- erstown. New York, was admitted to practice in 1827 and located in Canton the following year. The law business at that time in the West was not brisk, neither did it pay well, as people were too poor. Consequently Mr. Starkweather had much leisure time. The county was full of game, and he enjoyed out- door sports, particularly fox hunting. He kept a pack of hounds and often on still morn- ings, at early dawn, his hounds would be dis- tinctly heard on the "plains," west of town, in hot pursuit of the game. For many years, in company with other noted fox hunters, he continued this sport. Mr. Starkweather was eminent as a law- yer. In his day the bar at Canton stood ex- ceptionally high, a majority of the members being men of more than ordinary ability. There were Harris, Metcalf, Lathrop, Jarvis, Griswold. and Belden, residents of Canton. Then there were those who reguarly at that day rode the circuit. There were Tappen, Wright and Goodenow, of Steubenville, Loomis, of New Lisbon, Powers, of Akron, Avery and Cox, of Wooster, and on special oc- casions Siliman, of Zanesville, and United States Senator Ewing, of Lancaster. For any of these Mr. Starkweather was always a match. Mr. Starkweather was four time elected a member of the state legislature, three times to the house of representatives, and once to the senate, serving in this capacity from 1833 to 1838. When a candidate for congress the first time he was opposed by Hiram B. Well- man, a prominent citizen of Massillon, a man of liberal education, and at that time engaged in commercial pursuits. The vote in Stark county was, for Starkweather, three thousand, one hundred and eight, for Wellman, two thousand one hundred and eighty. When a candidate for the second time his opponent was General John Augustine, a popular man ^\■ho had been elected to the state senate seven terms in succession. The Democrats had a majority in both branches of congress during Mr. Starkweather's career. Yet there was no measure of special national interest in con- troversy. "The "second sober thought" of the people, which followed the log-cabin and hard-cider campaign of 1840, revolutionized public sentiment and the Democrats had every- thing their own way. The overthrow of the United States Bank was folloAved by a crusade against paper money. Gold and silver — "Ben- ton mint drops," as it was facetiously called, — "seen through the interstices of every man's purse." was the by-word of the administration followers. Mr. Starkweather was assigned to the standing committee on roads and canals the first term, and invalid pensions the second term. He was much interested in the treat- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 255 ment received by the Indians at the hands of ' the government and made several speeches in their behalf, which were highly commended. He was exceptionally popular with members of both the political parties and exercised much influence over them. A number of years ago the writer was on a visit to Georgia, and while there called upon General Toombs, who was a member of congress at the same time. He in- quired particularly about Mr. Starkweather, and spoke of him in eulogistic terms as a man of ability and integrity, though they were of opposite politics. Mr. Starkweather's second term in congress expired during the adminis- tration of President Pierce, by whom he was appointed minister to Chili, a position held through the succeeding administration. As a citizen Mr. Starkweather was pro- gressive, and always ready to help any measure calculated to benefit the public, faithful and honest in the discharge of every duty, both public and private. Decided in his convic- tions, he was never aggressive or offensive in his efforts to convince others. As a friend he was de^"oted, kind and true, making the cause of his friends his own and never permitting an unjust attack to go unrebuked. As a public man he met every question presented in an honorable, candid spirit, and was never known to be influenced by selfish interest. He was true to those he represented, and studied their best I interest. Whether as a member of the Ohio legislature, member of congress or for- eign minister, he never shirked grappling" with the most intricate or delicate questions which arose, nor to antagonize the greatest minds of that day, and never failed to win the admira- tion of his friends and even adversaries. It was at the bar, however, that he shone with the brightest luster. Fitted by nature for that particular field, he entered the arena with suc- cess written upon his brow. His natural abili- ties enabled him to grasp the principle of the case and his quick apprehension to detect it in all its details and bearings. As an advocate he had few equals and however dry the case, he would have something in it by which he could reach the heart. He was familiar with the scripture, and it was his habit frequently to enforce an idea upon the jury by reading passages from the Bible. In the defense of a young man charged with larceny he so wrought upon the feelings of the crowd that they broke forth in cheers. The court and sheriff exerted themselves to keep order, but in vain — they could not restrain themselves. The court, discouraged in its efforts to obtain quiet, remarked to the sheriff that there was but one alternative, "either imprison the crowd or stop Mr. Starkweather; the first was impracticable, and the second unconstitutional." It is easy to imagine that his client was triumphantly ac- (|uitted amid a burst of applause. He was a man of rare genius, of critical judgment and quick apprehension. His voice was attractive, sweet and melodious, his gestures graceful, and his deportment earnest, — just the requisites for success. It should have been mentioned that at the expiration of Mr. Starkweather's first term in congress Wayne county insisted upon her; claim to the seat. Stark county having occu- pied it two terms in succession, the limit then allowed by the aspirants in the different coun- ties constituting the district. Although Mr. Starkweather was the more popular man, yet, rather than have any disturbance in the ranks, he withdrew from the contest and allowed the representative from Wayne county to inter- \'ene. Mr. Starkweather died of paralysis at the home of his daughter, Mrs. Brinsmade, in Cleveland, July 12, 1876, aged seventy-four years. He had four children, three daughters and one son, all of whom are dead, with the exception of Mrs. Brinsmade. Mrs. Starkweather died several years before her husband. 256 OLD LANDMARKS EZRA DEAN. Mr. Dean served in congress the tour years that intervened between Air. Stark- weather's first and second term, from 1841 to 1845. Mr. Dean was born in Hillsdale, Co- lumbia county. New York, April 9, 1795. The family dates their ancestry to the settlement in Massachusetts in 1630. When in his sev- enteenth year he was appointed by the secre- tary of war, ensign in the Eleventh Regiment, United States Infantry, then on duty on the northern frontier. He was commissioned second lieutenant by President Madison, to rank from October i, 18 14, for meritorious conduct in the sortie of Fort Erie September 17, 18 14. He was in the battles of Bridge- water and Chippeway, and his regiment -had the advance in the storming of Oueenstown Heights. At the close of the war with Eng- land and before he had attained the age of twenty, he was placed in command of a rev- enue cutter on Lake Champlain, in which ca- pacity he rendered etl'ective service against smugglers. After two years' service in guard- ing the northern frontier he resigned that posi- tion and was assigned a place in the corps of government engineers to run the boundary line between the states of Maine and New Bruns- wick. He was engaged in that service about one year, when he concluded to take up the study of law and make it a life business. He engaged with an attorney of Bloomington, A^ermont, completed a preliminary course and was admitted in 1823. The following year^ he came to Wooster, Ohio, and opened an of- fice. As he became known business came to him. and it was not long before he had estab- lished an excellent reputation. His habits were unexceptionable and his morals above re- proach. In 1828 Mr. Dean was appointed postmas- ter of Wooster by General Jackson, and held this office until 1832, when he was elected by the legislature judge of the common pleas court, the circuit being composed of the coun- ties of Knox, Wayne, Holmes, Richland, Me- dina and Lorain. He served his term of seven years and gave very general satisfaction in that function. At the expiration of his term he resumed the practice of law. Though not renowned, he was always regarded as a safe counsellor. He was elected to congress in 1840, and re-elected in 1842. In such esti- mate was he held by the party at this time that he was a competing candidate for United States senator when Ben Tappen was chosen, and lacked but one vote of being the successful man. During his first term in congress he ser\ed on the committee on territories. At- the second term he was made chairman of the committee on militia. While in congress fudge Dean made a leading speech on the po- litical issues of the day, which was extensively circulated as a campaign document, and he frequently engaged in the running debates of the house, not being particularly identified with any special party measure, though always rec- ognized as a stanch Democrat. He was a great reader and his mind was well stored with useful knowledge, particularly in ancient and modern history. His convictions were well settled in what he believed to be right, and he adhered to them with a firmness and uttered them with a boldness that neither tumult or claiiior could modify or subdue. His firmness sometimes subjected him to the accusation of dogmatism. In manner he was rather re- served, but dignified, not cordial or genial, yet he had many warm friends. In stature he was above medium height, athletic and well proportioned; complexion, dark, with a coun- tenance that indicated deep thought and inflex- ible resolution. At the expiration of his last term in congress he resumed the practice of law in Wooster. John McSweeney had just completed his studies in Canton, and was taken in partnership. It was not long before CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 257 the firm was full of business, Dean being the counsellor and McSweeney the advocate. During the Civil war Judge Dean took a decided stand in favor of the Union and, as " a Democrat, gave moral support to the admin- istration in its efforts to suppress the rebellion, and cheerfully gave his consent that his son enter the service. As he was a warm sup- porter of General Jackson in his stand on nullification, so was 'he with Abraham Lincoln to prevent a dissolution of the Union. In 1867 he removed to Ironton, Ohio, where he had a son living, E. V. Dean, Esq., engaged in the practice of law. He had his home with him when he died, January 25, 1872, aged seventy-seven years. SAMUEL LAHM. Samuel Lahm was born in Leitersburg, Washington county, Maryland, April 22, 181 1. After receiving all the educational ad- vantages the schools of his native town af- forded he was sent to Washington College, Pennsylvania, where he graduated. Henry A. Wise and James G. Blaine, as well as many other distinguished men, were graduates of this institution. Jefferson College, located at Cannonsburgh, seven miles from Washing- ton, was the first incorporated institution of learning west bf the mountains. As Washing- ton and Jefferson both originated in the same church, a movement was inauguiiated at the close of the Civil war to consolidate the two, and then commenced a struggle as to which one should be sustained. Jefferson was the older and had the prestige of success. Her alumni, proud of her reputation and cherishing her memory as a child would that of a person, labored for the survival of the fittest; l)ut Washington had the material aid that controls destinies, and the courts decided the matter in favor of Washington, and christened the in- stitution Washington and Jefferson College. 16 The writer of this was a Jeflferson College student and had frequent controversies with Mr. Lahm on the comparative merits of the rival institutions, which is the apology for this irrelevant paragraph. Mr. Lahm studied law in Hagerstown, the county seat of his native county. Complet- ing the usual course of study, he came to Can- ton in the year 1834. As the laws of Ohio- required that he be a resident of the state one year before he could be admitted to practice, he entered the law office of Almon Sortwell and employed much of that time in the study of the statutes of the state. At the time Mr. Lahm became a citizen of Canton a debating society known as the Lyceum was in active operation. There belonged to it the most in- tellectual men of the -town. The society met once a week in a room of the old Academy, situated on the ground now occupied by the high school. The exercises consisted chiefly of debating, and the questions selected for dis- cussion were those in which the public took an interest — political, religious or scientific. The proceedings were conducted according to strict parliamentary rules. A censor was selected for each evening, who passed upon the per- formance of the members, their pnonunciation, delivery, etc., always with considerate feeling for the performers. There has never been a literary society in Canton from that day to the present in which the town felt as much interest, or from which the citizens of all class- es derived as much benefit. Among the promi- nent members may be mentioned Hiram Gris- wold, George W. Belden, H. C. Stowall, Al- mon Sortwell, Joseph Whitney, J. D. Brown, C. C. . Haddock, F. A. Schneider, William (jaston, Thomas Goodman, Rev. Taylor, Mad- ison Raynolds, Dwight Jarvis, L. M. Whit- ing, William Ramsey, Seraphim Meyer, Judge George Rex, John McSweaiey, Louis Schaef- er, all of whom are now dead, with the excep- tion of Goodman and Meyer. Mr. Lahm unit- 258 OLD LANDMARKS ed with this society soon after he came to Can- ton, and in due time was assigned a disputant in a discussion. The question was: "Were the removal of government deposits from the United States Bank justifiable?" It was the exciting political question of the day. The writer of this, then a school boy, has a very distinct remembrance of the impression made upon the audience by Mr. Lahm in his maiden effort. His tone of voice, easy delivery, clear- cut propositions, and the apparent ease with which they were enforced seemed to carry con- viction to all. There was but one expression by the crowd on leaving the coom. and that was that the new comer was decidedly in ad- vance of any of the old members. Politics at that time ran high between the Whigs and Democrats, and when Mr. Lahm avowed him- self an adherent of the latter party, there was great rejoicing among the Democrats. Mr. Lahm commenced the practice of law under very favorable auspices and soon had all the business he could reasonably covet. It was not long before he was sure to be engaged on one side or the other of every important case in court. It was about this time that the following incident occurred, which received a wide circulation in the papers : A witness was called to testify. On presenting himself at the bar the clerk propounded the usual ques- tion : "How do you swear?" meaning, do you swear or affirm : upon which the witness promptly replied: "1 swear for Sam Lahm." }ilr. Lahm was twice elected prosecuting at- torney of Stark county, serving from 1837 to 1841. Militia training was at that time in vogne. and as ^Ir. Lahm e\inced a taste for military display he was elected brigadier-general, from which he ever afterward enjoyed the title of general. He was twice elected to the Ohio senate, serving from 1842 to 1844. ^^'hile a member of the senate the question of state banks reform was an engrossing subject of legislation. General Lahm's course on this question did not exactly meet the approval of some of the leaders of the party at home, and when a candidate for the third term he was de- feated by the treachery of pretended political friends. The congressional district had a decided Democratic majority, and as the Whigs had no hope of success with a candidate of their own. they were quite willing to form a coali- tion with the friends of General Lahm and support him for congress. He was according- ly announced as an independent candidate against ]Mr. Starkweather, the regularly nomi- nated candidate. Though under some obli- gations to the ^^ big party for his success, he in no way compromised his political principles, but in every party measure identified himself with the Democracy. During his career in congress he made a speech that was adopted by the national Democratic committee as a campaign document, and was said to have had great influence over the country. General Lahm was a candidate for second term in con- gress, being regularly nominated l)y a Demo- cratic convention in 1856, but it was the year that Know-nothingism swept the countr\-. and he was defeated. In his day General Lahm was the most popular stump-orator in the dis- trict, and was regarded as among the l^est in the state. He was a man of fine appearance, with a ready command of language. He was earnest, logical, forcible and persuasive. He laid his foundations with care, built his argu- ments with skill and made them con\-incing. For many years, during every actixe cam- paign, General Lahm was always in demand. He had a strong voice and there is no doubt that it was his outdoor speaking which led to its impairment and influenced him to with- draw from politics. He made a large pur- chase of land on the plains, and ga\e his at- tention to farming, at which he continued until his death. June 17, 1876. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 259 General Lahm was twice married. His first wife was Miss Almira Webster Brown, a relative of Daniel Webster, and his second wife w'as Miss Henrietta Faber, of Canton. By the first wife he had five children, four sons and one daughter. Two of the sons enlisted in the war of the rebellion, and both died of sickness. Bv the second wife he had three daughters. DAVID K. CARTTER was born in Jefferson county. New York, June 22, 1812. He began life for himself as an apprentice to the printing business in the office of Thurlow Weed, in Rochester. He secured the means, by saving his earnings, to obtain an academic education, studied law, was admitted to the bar and hung out his shingle in the same place soon after attaining his ma- jority. After several years' trial, not meet- ing" with the measure of success he desired, and impressed with the idea that "a prophet is not without honor, save in his own country," he decided to change his base of operation, and accordingly removed to Ohio. He settled in Akron in 1836, and formed a partnership with Alvah Hand, under the firm name of Hand & Cartter. From some incompatibility this firm did not long continue united. \Mien they separated Cartter and George Bliss formed a connection, and they soon acquired a reputa- tion as a strong firm. Although Cartter's success in the legal pro- fession was sufficient to satisfy the ambition of most men, still he was not content. He as- pired to something higher, having an inclina- tion for congressional iionors. As there was no hope of success in Summit county he de- cided to remove to the congressional district of Wayne and Stark, then desiginated the Gib- raltar of Democracy. It was charged against him when a candidate for nomination, by some of the rival candidates, that he removed into Stark purposely to reach congress. In tlie light of subsequent e\'ents that was probably true, but wherein the wrong? If he had the ability to win the prize from the candidates of longer residence, so much more to his credit. On general principles, qualifications being equal, the longest resident and the one most identified with the interest of his constituents should be preferred, but qualifications first. Mr. Cartter came to Massillon in 1845 and formed a partnership with H. B. Hurlbert. His reputation had preceded him and he soon became a leading lawyer at the Canton bar, then considered one of the ablest of northern Ohio. He was a man of commanding ap- pearance, face pock-marked, voice coarse, rough in manner, and a terror to witnesses, neither chaste in language nor polite in man- ner. He had an impediment in speech, but it never interfered with his efforts before the court or jury. It rather emphasized his lan- guage. He took an active part in politics soon after he came into Stark, was prominent in conventions and popular as a speaker. The Whigs feared him. He was a thorn in their side. Their papers wrote him Decay Cartter. He received the nomination for congress in 1848. His W'hig opponent was Samuel Hemphill, a lawyer of Wooster. Cartter was elected, carrying Stark county by a majority of ten hundred and three votes. He was nomi- nated for the second term in 1850 and re- elected by a majority in Stark of nine hundred and seventy-nine. His opponent at this elec- tion was John Brown, of Wayne county. At the expiration of his term in congress Mr. Cartter withdrew from party affiliation, and soon afterward settled in Cleveland. ' On the organization of the Republican party he was united with it, and again became an active politician. He was appointed delegate to tlie Chicago convention in i860, and claimed the honor of Lincoln's nomination to the presi- dency, his services being recognized by ap- pointment as minister to Bolivia. This place. 26o OLD LANDMARKS however, did not suit his taste and he soon resigned and came home to ask for something more congenial. He was then appointed chief justice of the supreme court of the District of Cohimbia. His quahhcations for judgeship are better described by legal friends who had opportunity of forming an unbiased opinion and who furnished the writer with the follow- ing, in substance : He was a man of vigorous intellect — ele- mentar\- in his style of reasoning and acting and independent in thought, with the courage to follow his convictions. He was not much of a student, but understood and grasped the elementary principle of the law with wonderful clearness and power. It is told of Chief Jus- tice ^Marshall, that in the supreme court con- sultation he said, after some discussion : "The law is so and so — I do not know where to find it, but Justice Story will be able to tell you." Judge Cartter was of such a type. He knew what the law ought to be — that it was probably stated in some text book or decision, but he was not able to cite the book or case. It may be truly said that he won for himself the repute of having a strong and judicial mind. He went on the bench as chief justice of the su- preme court of the District of Columbia at a time when a vigorous, courageous and ag- gressive mind was necessary in the court. The atmosphere about Washington was so charged with disloyalty that even in the court where litigation of the district was carried on a man of fearless and aggressive mind was requisite. The radical change and conditions of affairs brought new and important questions before the court. Precedents were searched for in vain. Laws had to be made to meet the new and strange conditions of affairs. Cartter's mind was so elementary, and his courage of the kind that made it easy for him to reach satis- factory conclusions and cut through the diffi- culties. He made his impress upon the ju- dicial proceedings of the court, and his record is in every sense one entirely creditable to him. He grew to the full measure of the emergencies and had the brains and the fearlessness to meet all difficulties and successfully surmount them. It is safe to say that if he had been more of a student in his early life and had had the suav- ity and culture of his contemporary, Chase, he would have been one of the foremost judges on the federal bench. It is well known that when in practice ^Ir. Cartter was often rough and coarse in his style of trying cases, and in later years referred to it as something to be regretted. He was not proud of the character he had won in that style of litigation. While brusque and at times arbitrary on the bench, he was quick to take in the humorous side of the case, as the fol- lowing incident will exhibit : Mrs. Lock- wood, a lawyer practicing at the Washington bar, appeared in court with a party whom she wanted to offer as surety on an appeal bond, and it was necessary that he be approved b}- the court. The surety offer was a typical Virginian darkey of the old school, wearing an old silk hat, an ancient dress coat, with brass buttons and what was once a white vest, in which garb he appeared before the court, hat in hand. Judge Cartter eyed him curiously and then blurted out: "Well, uncle, what's the condition of your earthly possessions?" The darkey, having been sworn, testified that he owned a certain well known piece of real es- tate unincumbered. Cartter, after hearing his statement, said, "Well, you'll do. If you can show as good spiritual assets on judgment day you'll be well off." He approved the Ijcind. The spectators and lawyers were hilarious and the darkey marched out of the crowded court room with a triumphant air. Judge Cartter died April i6, 1887, of can- cer of the stomach, leaving his family in \-ery comfortable circumstances. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 261 GEORGE BLISS. From 1833 to 1853, a period of twenty years, the eighteenth congressional district, then composed of Wayne and Stark, was not changed. In 1842 the legislature redistricted the state and an effort was then made to sep- arate the two counties, in order no doubt, to give some Democratic aspirant of an adjoin- ing county a chance for congress. But Judge Hostetter was the senator for Stark that ses- sion and he opposed it violently. He belonged to the Jacksonian school, and was uncompro- mising, saying, in a speech, that "It must be \\'ayne and Stark, or Stark and Wayne; damned if he would ever cast a vote for any- thing else," and as there was no yielding on his part, so it was made. The inhabitants of the two counties are homogeneous people, mostly Pennsylvanians and their descendants, and they did not like the idea of being associ- ated with Yankeedom. George Bliss, who served in the district from 1853 to 1855, 'w^s born in Jericho, Ver- mont, January i, 181 3. He came to Ohio in 1833 and graduated from Dennison College, Granville. He studied law with D. K. Cart- ter, in .Akron, and after being admitted to the bar was taken by him into partnership. As a firm they were quite successful. On the election of Judge Wade to the United States senate Governor Wood.appointed Bliss his suc- cessor, a position he held until a change in the state constittition in i85;3 vacated the office. He made an able judge. Soon after his re- tirement from the bench he removed to Woos- ter and formed a partnership with John Mc- Sweeney. In 1852 he received the nomination for congress from the eighteenth district, and was elected. His opponent was Darius Ly- man, a member of the third party, then known as the Free-Soil party. It is proper to state, for the information of those ignorant of politi- cal movements of that day, tliat as the Whig party lost support the Free-Soil gained. The Free-Soil party then held the same relation to the two great parties. Whig and Democrat, as does the Prohibition party of today. The present Republican party is made up of what was left of the Whig party, united with the Free-Soil party. The apportionment under the census of 1850 increased the ratio of rep- resentation, and as Wayne and Stark had not the numerical strength required it became necessary to make a new deal, and they became separated, much to their dissatisfaction. The result was Portage, Stark and Summit became the eighteenth district and Wayne was made a part of the fourteenth. Judge Bliss was elected a second term and served in the thirty- eighth congress, from December, 1863, to March 3, 1865. Judge Bliss was a man of fine appearance and of acknowledged ability. He had a pe- culiarity of expression, or rather a hesitancy in his speech, occasioned by a twitch of the muscles of one side of the face; but it was never considered a disadvantage; rather the contrary, as it made his expression more em- phatic. He was a forcible speaker, argumen- tative and influential, whether before a jury or promiscuous audience. He married Miss Fish, of Williamstown. New York, who bore him five children, one daughter and four sons. They, with the mother, afterward resided in Brooklyn, New York. Judge Bliss died in Wooster October 24, 1868, from paresis, com- monly known as softening of the brain. BENJAMIN F. LEITER. Benjamin F. Leiter was born in Leiters- burg, Maryland, October 13, 1813. His father was a carpenter by trade and of limited means. His early education was what the common schools of that day aft'orded. Em' phatically was he a self-made man, and what- ever of honor and fame he attained in after 262 OLD LANDMARKS years was through his own exertions and without adventitious aid. He left liis parental home wlien ahout twenty to \\s\\. liis uncle. Jacob Myers, owner of the Myers mills, on East Nimishillen, near Canton. Pleased with the country,, he con- cluded to remain, his uncle proffering him employment at whate\er there was to do about the mills — driving teams, attending to the mill or keeping books. Ben, as he was fa- miliarly called, was stout and hearty and of an accommodating disposition, willing to turn his hand to anything that offered. Naturally of bright intellect, he employed much of his time in reading and study. He had some experience in teaching before lea\-ing home, and the second winter in Stark he was em- ployed to take charge of a school in an ad- joining district. The patrons of the school were well jileased with his ability, and when the present free school system went into op- eration he was the first teacher engaged in Canton. While empli)yed in teaching he was elected township clerk and also justice of the peace, which office he held for three succes- sive terms. During this time he took up the study of law. reciting to D. A. Starkweather. On his admission to the bar he formed a part- nership with Hon. George W. Belden. He was attentive to business and did well ; became actix'e in politics, and, in connection with Ed Carney, purchased the Stark County Demo- crat, then owned by Colonel Gotshall. They ran it in partnership a httle over a year, when, not being able to agree, they sold out to McGregor & Son. Mr. Leiter was what is called in the po- litical parlance of the day. a '"hustler." and in 1848 was elected to the state legislature, and again in 1849. At the latter session the two parties were so equally divided that there was a bitter and prolonged contest for the speakershi]). Mr. Leiter obtained possession of the chair by a cimp de main, and after con- sideralile filibustering, with some sacrifice of comfort, succeeded in being made perma- nent speaker. He was apt in acquiring the necessary knowledge to become a par- liamentarian and was soon a popular presiding officer. In 1850 he was a can- didate for the senate, but was defeated, while the balance of the Democratic ticket was elected. This was a rebuff' and calculated to embitter his feeling against the party. He liecame lukewarm in politics, and for se\eral years measurably stood aloof. In the spring of 1854 Senator Douglas" bill, repealing the Missouri Compromise, caused great dissatisfaction throughout the North. Mr. Leiter was among those who were hostile to the measure and was \'ery outsp(-ken in his denunciation of the admin- istration. ^VlliIe this state of feeling was rife a secret, oath-bound political organiza- titm, known as "Know Nothings," sprang, like Jonah's gourd, into existence. The writer is unalile to state by wliat mighty magic this order succeeded in bamboozling so many voters into the order, but they went in — \yhigs, who were in the fi.x of Macawber, "waiting for something to turn u]) :" dis- affected Democrats, who wanted an excuse to leave the party ; the floating vote, who went in from curiosity, and some from a prejudice against foreigners and Catholics. Mr. Leiter was a chief among them, and so manipulated the crowd that he secured the nomination to the thirty-fourth congress as a Republican and was elected, receiving in the district 8. 738 votes, against 5,023 votes for Ebenezer Spald- ing, Democrat. His course in congress meet- ing the approbation of the Republican part)-, he was renominated at the district conventirm and re-elected, defeating General Lahm, Dem- ocrat. During his entire service he was a member of the committee on Lrdian affairs. The remark has been frequently made that CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 263 Ben Leiter was the most thoughtful and oblig- ing congressman ever sent from this district in remembering his constituents b}' supplying them with documents and seeds. Mr. Leiter married Miss Catherine Bur- ger, of Canton, by whom he had seven chil- dren, all dead but one daughter, Mrs. Volney l^'ulmer. of Canton. One son was killed in the army. Benjamin Leiter died on June 17, 1866. This paper completes the list of those who have served in congress from the Stark dis- trict and are no longer living. My effort has been to keep alive their fading honors. The later members are still living and adding to their history. Their records will be written when ended, if not l)y me, by some other hand. Tliey are Sidney Edjerton, of Summit county; Ephraim R. Eckley, Carroll county; Jacob H. Ambler, Columbiana county; L. D. Wood- worth, Mahoning county; J. H. Wallace. Co- lumbiana county; William McKinley, Jr., Stark county. C.^f'cX'^^^^i-t'^ ^<^ X> ^Ufc*-'^*-^ C/^ dcMy^i^J. BIOGRAPHICAL. WILLIAM McKINLEY.— To the state of Ohio has been given the supreme honor of furnishing- to the United States every President chosen by the people since Abraham Lincohi to the present writing, 1903, with a single ex- ception. Grant, Hayes, Garfield, Harrison and McKinley were all natives of the Buckeye state. The last named of these great sons of Ohio, William McKinley, was born at Niles, Trum- bull county, on January 29, 1843. He came of that sturdy race, the Scotch-Irish, which has given to the country so many men of character and worth. He was of an old American fam- ily. His grandsires fought in the war of the Revolution with devotion and courage. His father, also William McKinley, was a man of strong characteristics, a great reader, and one who thought out his own convictions as he had wrought his own way in the world. He was an iron-master and engaged in that business when the subject of this sketch was born. William McKinley had a strong and upright father ; he was doubly fortunate in having a great and noble mother. It has been said that no great man was ever born except of a great mother. Nancy Allison McKinley, the wife of William McKinley, Sr., and mother of the future Presi- dent, was one of nature's noblewomen. She possessed in rare degree those qualities which gave character to her son. She was gentle, yet strong. She was modest, yet self-reliant. She had supreme good sense. She recognized intuitively the fitness of things and acted ac- cordingly. She was quietly proud of her great son, yet never boasted nor said a word which any mother might not say of a boy who had shown character and good works. "William was a good boy," she would quietly remark to those who praised him before her. She lived an even, temperate life and saw her son inaug- urated to the chair of Washington and Lincoln. Fortunately, she was spared the pain of his das- tardly taking off. She taught her son to love God and to respect the rights of his fellows. Under her guidance, he early united with the Methodist Episcopal church, retaining his mem- bership throughout his life. It is said to have been the mother's ambition that William might some day be a bishop. If his career took an- other direction, he never forgot the lessons of his youth and throughout life he was a man of deep religious convictions. He was never ostentatious of his religion. In all the phases of his active and varied career it was his prac- tice to seek daily guidance from on High. The religious freedom he claimed for himself he freely granted to all. and numbered among his friends men of all creeds and of no creed at all. He did not boast of his righteousness ; he had none of the "I am holier than thou" in his make-up. Without shadow of turning, he quietly followed the path in which his good mother had set his youthful feet when he began the journey of life. In order that his family might receive better 266 OLD LANDMARKS advantages for education, William McKinley, Sr., sought a iiome where they could avail them- selves of broader* opportunities for mental cul- ture and improvement, and with this in view, removed witli his family to Poland. Mahonins' county. This town was the seat of one of the small but excellent institutions of learning for which Ohio is known. At the Poland Academy \\'illiam IVIcKinley received most of his higher education. The classes were not large but the instruction was thorough and the pupils of that kind who reall_\- strive for improvement and are not merely sent to college for want of some- thing else to do, or because that is the conven- tional thing with young people in this countr}-. At the academy he is spoken of as a good stu- dent and an earnest debater in one of the liter- ary societies of the institution. He passed one year in the college at Meadville. Pennsylvania, taught school and for a time worked in the Po- land postoftice. His education was not com- pleted when the civil war of 1861 began. He was only seventeen years of age. but he did not hesitate to enter the ranks of the soldiers of the Union who went forth to battle for their country. With thousands of others of the best youtli of the land, he beliexed his country had a riglit to the service of her sons, and if need be their lives, that our government might live. He enlisted as a private in the Twenty-third Regiment Ohio Volunteer InfaiUry. This regi- ment had in the ranks the flower of young and de\oted manhood. Its roll of officers is unique in the character and services of its members. Its first colonel was \\'illiam S. Rosecrans, lieutenant-colonel. Stanley ]\Iatthews. after- wards United States senator and judge of the supreme court : major. Rutherford B. Hayes, afterwards President. With tlie election of \\''illiam McKinley, this regiment gave to the country two Presidents. \Miile our volunteer soldier missed the opportunities ior niDre com- plete higher education, he profited by the expe- rience which came from armv life. He learned to submit to discipline, to endure hardships, to accept victory or defeat as it came; to be cool, self-possessed and courageous. Who shall say that the foundations of character may not be laid in such a school as well as in the studies and duties of an academic course? It is the testimony of his comrades that William McKinley made a good soldier. That he was brave and competent is shown in his rise, young as he was, to the rank of brevet major at the close of the war. He served on the staffs of Generals Hayes and Crooks. To the former he became devotedly attached, a friendship fully reciprocated by General Hayes, who has said that he knew young iMcKinley like a book and lo\'ed him like a brother. The regiment served throughout the war. participating in many skirmishes and battles. General Has- tings. A\ho was a close friend and served with AIcKinley, has gi\-en an incident of his army ex- perience which illustrates at once his kindness of heart and firm confidence in the triumph of a just cause. When the Federal army was driven by Early's troops back through Win- chester, an old Quaker lady, who sympathised with the Union cause, stood at her gate weep- ing as the retreating troops passed by ; AIcKin- ley saw her and reining his horse to the curb, said "Don't worry, my dear madam, we are not hurt as much as it seems : we shall Ise back here a.gain in a few days." The prophecy was fulfilled — in a few days the triumphant Union army, with Sheridan at the head, swept back through Winchester, driving Early and his forces from the Shenandoah valley. Tlie war ended. Major IMcKinley returned to his home in Poland and began the study of law. He was fortunate in having for his pre- ceptor Judge Charles E. Glidden, a man of fine presence, of learning as a lawyer, and eloquent as an advocate and public speaker. He completed his law studies at the Albany Law School and in 1867 was admitted to the Ohio bar. He had then to solve the question which CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO, 267 confronts every young barrister as to the best location in wliich to begin the practice of his chosen profession. This problem was largely solved for him by the residence of a beloved sister \\'lio was then and for many years con- tinued to be an honored teacher in the public schools of Canton, the county seat of the popu- lous and wealthy county of Stark. In a short time Major McKinley became one of the leading lawyers of his count v and in 1869 was elected prosecuting attorney, a place then mucli sought by young lawyers for tlie oppor- tunity it furnished for practice and acquaint- ance. If his career had not been deflected a few years later from law to politics, he would have attained high rank as a lawyer and jurist. He early appreciated that more cases are won in their preparation than in their trial. He thor- oughly prepared himself, and was always cour- teous in the presentation of his causes. It is said to have been his early ambition to become a common pleas judge. By temperament and aljility he was peculiarly fitted to become a judge, but fate had other tilings in store for him. During the ten years of his legal practice in Stark county lie was actively interested in political afifau's, and in even*' campaign gave freely of his services as a public speaker in ax:l- vocacy of the principles of tiie Republican party. For most young lawyers, the partici- pation in political campaigns was not a matter neediiig mtich thought or investigation ; it was an affair calling for little preparation : a drive into the country after court hours, and an ofif- hand speech to the many or few who might as- semble for such an occasion. Not so with Mc- Kinley. He made a thorough study of political questions and paid to every audience before which he appeared the compliment of tliorough preparation. 1876, the same year that saw his old commander elected President of the United States, witnessed his election as a memlier of congress. McKinley's early life had brought him much in contact with the men who toil in shop and factory and he conceived a strong- sympathy for them, and from his advent into congress became an ardent advocate of the pol- icy of a protective taritT, which he believed would lead to the betterment of the condition of the laboring men of the country and give to their wives and children a greater share in the comforts of living. In one of his later speeches, we find him giving voice to this sentiment in these words : "The labor of a country consti- tutes its strength and its wealth, and the better that labor is conditie)ned, the higher its rewards, the wider its opportunity, and the greater its comforts and refinements, the more sacred will be our homes, the more capable will be our children, and the nobler will be the destiny that awaits us." For fourteen years he served his people as tlieir representative. \\'eight and in- Huence in congress is gained only by men of ex- cepticnal^Ie ability and great industry. The house is no respecter of persons, and sooner ur later every man"s measure is taken for what he really is. Major McKinley soon became one of its leaders. Upon the tariflf question he l^e- came a recognized authority and the leader among the advocates of the protective tarilT. The fourteen years of his congressional service were years of constant growth and the experi- ence of that time was an invaluat>le preparation for the great work that the years had )'et in store for him. In 1878. a turning point in his career, he had carried a gerrymandered district organized for his defeat. In 1890 the work was more effectually done, and Major McKin- ley was located in a district Democratic beyond all peradventure. It had a nominal Democratic majority of about three thousand. After a cam- paign of unprecedented activity. Major Mc- Kinley was defeated, but the three thousand majority was reduced to a little more than three hundred. He retired from congress as chair- man of the ways and means committee which framed tlie tarii^ act known as the McKinley Bill. After this act was passed there came one 268 OLD LANDMARKS of those temporary revulsions of public senti- ment resulting- in a change of the party in power in the administration of public affairs. The McKinley tariff law was bitterly attacked and it is claimed much misrepresented by its op- ponents. The result of the election in favor of the Democrats was generally attributed to the onslaught on this measure. Many friends of the protective tariff were disposed to modify their views to meet the change in public senti- ment. Not so with McKinley. He declared that the principles of the Republican party were no less sacred in defeat than in victory, and the battle must go on under the old banner and for the faith so often endorsed by the people. The Republicans of Ohio stood with him and with- out dissent nominated him for governor in 1891. He threw himself into the fight with renewed energy and zeal and was triumphantly elected after one of the most arduous campaigns in a state celebrated for political warfare. In 1893 he was again chosen governor of his na- tive state and by a greatly increased majority over that of 1891. The duties of the governor of Ohio are not ordinarily arduous. Governor McKinley made an excellent executive. He had on several occasions to meet threatened out- breaks of violence and evinced a firm determi- nation to uphold the supremacy of the law and maintain the public peace. These four years were no less years of growth. He had leisure for study and development. His addresses de- livered during that period cover a wide range of subjects and give evidence of his mental versatility. Nor was he idle in political af- fairs beyond the lx)rders of his own state. He had become a national figure and one of the most popular orators of the day. In 1894 he traveled far and wide, being everywhere met by throngs of his countrymen and continually growing in popular esteem. As the year 1896 approached it became apparent tliat he was to be the choice of his party for the presidential nomination. Others were mentioned, but the tide had set in so strongly for him that his selection was inevitable. He had been in the shadow of the nomination for this great office before. In the convention of 1888 it is gener- ally believed that his loyalty to the distinguish- ed statesman whose cause he upheld prevented his own selection. The speech made in declin- ing to be considered a candidate liecanie famous in convention annals and made a lasting im- pression upon the country. He said : "Mr. President and Gentleman of the Convention, I am here as one of the chosen representatives of my state. I am here by resolution of the Republican state convention, commanding' me to cast my vote for John Sherman for Presi- dent, and to use every worthy endeavor to se- cure his nomination. I accepted the trust be- cause my heart and judgment were in accord with the letter and spirit and purpose of that resolution. It has pleased certain delegates to cast their votes for me for President. I am not insensible to the honor they would do me. but in the presence of tlie duty resting upon me, I cannot remain silent with honor. I cannot consistently with the wish of the state whose credentials I bear and which has trusted me; I cannot consistently with my own views of personal integrity, consent or even seem to consent to permit my name to be used as a can- didate before this convention. I would not respect myself if I could find it in my heart to do or permit to be done that which could even be ground for any one to suspect that I wavered in my loyalty to Ohio, or my devotion to the chief of her choice and the chief of mine. I do not request — I demand that no delegate who would not cast reflection upon me shall cast a ballot for me." It was supposed that the campaign of 1896 would be fought upon the issue of the pro- tective tariff', but it had hardly begun when the lines were drawn upon the so-called silver question, the Democrats favoring the free coin- age of sih'er at the ratio of sixteen to one, and CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 269 the Republicans standing' t(ir the maintenance of the g'oid standard with hniited silver coin- age to be maintained at par with gold. Gov- ernor jNIcKinley promptly met this new issue and made many addresses on that question to the people. "1 do not know what you think," sa.id lie, "but to me it seems better to open the mills to the labor of the countr}- than the mints to the free coinage of silver."' This way of putting things could not but appeal to men will- ing to work but deprived of the privilege in the general stagnation of business then prevailing in the country. The campaign in 1896 was unique in the history of politics, the candidate remaining in his home in Canton, where he was ^•isite(l by thousands of his countrymen, mak- ing sometimes as many as twenty speeches in a single day — giving to each delegation some- thing appropriate to the time and occasion. These speeches were carried by the Associated Press all over the country and made a pro- found and favorable impression. The result of that campaign was his triumphant election to the Presidency. Congress was at once called in extra session, and a tariff bill passed framed on lines consistent W'ith the protective policy of the Republican party. Mr. McKinley found our relations with Spain in a critical condition due to the situation in Cuba. He determined to do all that he could in the range of his official duties to better the condition of the Cuban people, to relieve our own country from the strain of the situation r so irritating and so near our doors. It was his purpose to accomplish these ends if possible without involving the country in war. These purposes are the key to his Cuban policy, de- veloped in his instructions to our minister at Madrid, and in the measures in relief of the starving and suffering people of Cuba. Much had been accomplished and no backward steps taken, when the unlook'ed-for happened in the treacherous anchoring of the "Maine" where she became the easy prey of malicious persons bent upon her destruction. The President fully realized that a peaceable settlement was no longer possible which did not include the withdrawal of Spain from the American con- tinent, and our minister at Madrid was prompt- ly advised that no other settlement would be satisfactory, and that no assistance could be afforded to plans of so-called autonomy under Spanish rule. Congress had voted fifty mil- lions of dollars to be expended iov the nati(inal defense. This meant possible war, and whilst working for a peaceable solution war prepara- tions were rapidly pushed. The passage of a resolution demanding Spanish withdrawal from Cuba was met by Spain sending our minister his passports and the war had begun. The President became in fact as well as in nominal authority the commander-in-chief of the army and navy and, aided by his able advisers in those departments of the government, directed our forces by land and by sea. Fortunately, the conflict was short and decisive, and the triumph of the American arms complete. On August 12, 1898, the protocol was signed in Washing- ton, practically ending the war between the two countries. Then came important questions as to the terms of the treaty of peace. That treaty was negotiated at Paris by a commission of five members representing each country. In di- recting the terms of the treaty, the President had no hesitation in demanding the termination of Spanish sovereignty in western waters by the cession of Porto Rico and the relinquish- ment of sovereignty in Cuba. He came more slowly to the conclusion that our duty required us to assume governmental responsibility over the Philippine islands. After the most anxious consideration, he reached the conclusion that the situation did not permit of our withdrawal and the interdependence of the islands did not permit of a division of the archipelago. With concessions to a defeated country, he directed the making of the treaty which assumed the responsibility he believed to be right and 270 OLD LANDMARKS in accord with the well-gTounded sentiment of the majority of his countrymen. He looked upon our growmg territory as an enlargement of the bounds of hl^erty. The exploitation of a ■weak people for our benefit was utterly foreign to liis thought and purpose, and he bent every energy to the uplifting of these people by spreading the means of education and giving the right of self-government in as great a de- gree and as fast as the situation pemiitted. So much had his countrymen learned to know his great qualities of head and heart and to trust his wisdom and courage that he became the uncjuestioned leader of his party. In 1900, he was nominated by acclamation for another term of the Presidency and elected by an in- creased majority. The most important event in the few months of his second term grew out of the outbreak in China. Our troops in the Philippines were utilized in the rescue of our legation in China imperilled by the Boxer up- rising. The safety of foreigners being secure, President McKinley led the way in an example of moderation in victory towards a weak power which made possible a peace without spoliation, while safeg'uarding- the personal and commer- cial rights of other peoples. It was one of the clierished purposes of President McKinley in entering upon his duties to build up cordial relations between the sec- tions of his country which had been in deadly strife in the greatest of civil wars. On leaving Canton to take up the untried duties of his of- fice, he said to the assembled neighbors and friends : "To all of us the future is as a sealed book, but if I can by othcial act or administra- tion or utterance in any degree add to the pros- perity and unity of our beloved country, and the advancement and well-being of our splendid citizenship, I will devote the best and the most unselfish efforts of my life to that end." He believed that his country should be a union in fact as well as in name. The most important consular ofl"ice withm his gift was held, by an ex-Confederate officer, the gallant Fitzhugh Lee. T(i the partisan request for his removal he made answer as he did to the later demand of Spain when she asked his removal from oftice, that he would be retained so long as he did his duty with the ability and patriotism which characterized his acts. When the war with Spain came the South no less than the North rallied to the support of the government, Lee and Wheeler and the sons of those who had worn the gray making common cause with those whose blood was of the men who had defended the flag in '61. He had the pleasure of seeing the sectional line disappear in the zeal with which a united country faced a foreign foe. Meeting his Southern brethren at the close of the Spanish war, he gave utterance to his joy at this consummation in these fervent words: "Reunited! Glorious realization. It expresses the thought of my mintl and the long delayed consummation of my heart's desire as I stand in this presence. It interprets the hearty demonstrations here witnessed and is the pa- triotic refrain of all sections and all lovers (if the Repuljlic. Reunited! One country again and one country forever ! Proclaim it from the press and pulpit, teach it in the schools, write it across the skies! The world sees it and feels it, it cheers e\-ery heart North and South, and brightens every American home. Let nothing ever strain it again ! At peace with all the world and with one another, what can stand in the path of our progress and prosperity?" When he was stricken down no words of sympathy could exceed in feeling and kindness those which came from the Sciuth. Many applica- tions came from those who had been in arms against the L'nion for places in the cortege which bore him to the tomb. One company from Atlanta, (Seorgia, rather than fail to pay this tribute made application for honorary membershii) in the Ohio National Guard which CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 271 had been detailed liy the governor of Ohio for the occasion. Trul_\- he was the "well beloved of the people." William ]\IcKinley was marrietl, January 25. 1871, to Ida Saxton, daughter of James A. Saxton, of Canton. Mr. Saxton was a man of fine business qualifications and a leading banker of Stark county. Two children, Katie and Ida, were born of this union, one dying in infancy and the other living only a few years. This bereavement and the illness which followed the birth of her second child broke the once vigor- ous health of the wife. It did not prevent her loving interest and sympathy in all that went to make tip the illustrious career of her be- loved husband. His tender devotion to her never failed. Through all the years and until the hand-clasp loosened in the long sleep, he led the stricken companion with a strong and gentle love which altered not and knew no shadow of turning. Death's arrow ne\'er struck d(jwn a more devoted companion, nor left a sad- der hearth than the one by which the bereaved wife keeps the endless vigil of devotion and love. William McKinley loved his home and cher- ished his friends. No matter to what heights of success he arose, to his friends and neigh- bors he was ever the same. To others he may have been the executive head of the nation, en- trusted with powers which might make or mar its destiny; at home, he was ever the familiar guide, counsellor and friend of those who, knowing him best, loved him most. He w'as de\-otedly attached to his Canton home, and took an almost boyish delight in improving and beautifying it. He enjoyed beyond meas- ure the summer months which he passed there in comparative freedom from official cares, with his wife and the association of the friends and companions who had known him from young manhood. His ideal of home was one of peace and comfort, not extravagance and display. "The American lit'ime," he declared. "where honesty, sobriety and truth preside, and a simple every-day virtue without pomp and ostentation is practiced, is the nursery of all true education." In homes like tliese, his coun- trymen, bereft of one of their own. mourn his untimely death. It was in the upbuilding and multiplying of such homes that William Mc- Kinley found the highest duty, of constructive statesmanship and the true safeguard of the Repuljlic. Those who seek in William McKinley the leader and Presitlent who undertook to set up his own policies and views in defiance of public opinion and without regard to the sentiments of co-ordinate branches of the government will be disappointed. He believed in his country and its institutions. He believed that the sober sense of the people of a republic was the ulti- mate appeal of the statesman. To questions of public policy he gave the most earnest and careful consideration, and sought to guide pub- lic sentiment in the channels he believed best for the people. He delighted to take his coun- trymen into his confidence by frequent visits among them and frank utterances in their pres- ence. No one can state his ideals so well as himself, and in his tribute to Lincoln we may find his views of the duties of a chief magis- trate of a free people : "What were the traits of character which made Abraham Lincoln prophet and master without a rival in the great crisis of our history? What gave him such mighty power? To me the answer is simple. Lincoln had sublime faith in the people. He walked with and among them. He rec- ognized the importance of an enlightened public sentiment and was guided by it. Even amid the vicissitudes of war he concealed little from public view and inspection. In all he did he invited rather than evaded criticism. He submitted his plans and purposes as far as practicable to public consideration with perfect frankness and sincerity. There was such home- ly simplicity in his character that it could not 272 OLD LANDMARK'S be ]iedged in by pomp of place or the ceremonies of high official station. He \vas so accessible to the public that he seemed to take the whole people into his confidence. Here, perhaps, was one secret of his power. The people never lost their conhdence in him, howexer much they unconsciously added to his personal dis- comfort and trials. His patience was almost superhuman, and who will say that he was mis- taken in the treatment of the thousands who thronged continually about him? JNIore than once when reproached for permitting visitors to crowd upon him he asked in pained sur- prise : 'Why, what harm does this confidence in men do me ? I get only good and inspiration from it." " How unconsciously y.et how truth- fully in this picture he holds the mirror up to his own character and conduct. No less faith- fully has he drawn his own portrait when say- ing of him : "Lincoln had that happy, pecul- iar habit, which few public men have attained, of looking away from the deceptive and mis- leading influences about him — and none are more deceptive than those of public life in our capitals — straight into the hearts of the people. He could not be deceived b}- the self-interested host of eager counsellors who sought to en- force their own peculiar views upon him as the views of the country. He chose to determine for himself what the people were thinking about and wanted to do, and no man ever lived who was a more accurate judge of their opin- ions and wishes." William McKinley knew that a war begun without exhausting every means of reaching an honorable peace would not be justified by the sober sense of the people. He knew that neither law nor fact, when fully dis- cussed and fairly developed, would justify the recognition of the so-called Cuban republic, and he stood like a rock against the folly of such a course, and time has vindicated the wisdom of his position. \\'hen his mind was made up he was firm and immovable. Seeking the advice and listening to the opinions of others, associated in the responsibilities of his administration, he was the executive head of the government and took the responsibility of ultimate decision upon himself. All the terms 0/ peace were as clear to him when Spain first asked for them as they ever were, save the dis- position of the Philippine Islands — there he wished for investigation and deliberation. Turn again to his picture of Lincoln, " 'He was neith- er an autocrat nor a tyrant; if he moved slowly sometimes it was better to move slowly, and like the successful general he was, he was only waiting for his reserve to come up. Possess- ing almost unlimited power, he yet carried himself like one of the humblest of men. He weighed every subject. He considered and reflected upon every phase of public duty. He got the average judgment of the plain people." As truly as Abraham Lincoln, William McKin- ley believed that this average judgment was the power that should control in the public affairs of a free people. Li early September, 1901, he responded to an invitation to deliver an address at the Buf- falo Exposition. On the fourth day of that month he made his last speech to his coun- trymen. William McKinley's career had been a steady growth from his entrance into pub- lic life. His last public utterance was not only marked by strength and beauty of diction, but contained a declaration in favor of liberal trade relations with other countries which was everywhere read with interest and viewed as a forerunner of the policy which the President would advocate. He was recognized as the first of protectionists : he had lived to see the industrial development of his country until it led the manufacturing nations of the world. He declared the pressing need of more markets, and favored an enlightened policy which should seek reciprocal trade with other countries with- out impairing the high standards of American production and wages. The concluding por- tions of that memorable address come to us now THE McKINLEY HOME. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 273 witli the tender Ijeauty of a benetlictioii : "Tlie good work will go on. It can not be stopped. These buildings will disappear; this creation of art and beauty and industry will perish from sight, but their intiuence will renuun to 'Make it live beyond its too short living With praises and tlianksgiving.' Who can tell the new thoughts that ha\e been awakened, the ambitions tired and the high achievements tliere will be wrought through this exposition ? Gentlemen, let us ever remem- ber that our interest is in concord, not conflict, and that our real eminence rests in the victories of peace, not those of war. We hope that all those who are represented here may be moved to higher and nobler efforts for their own and the world's good, and that out of this city may come not only great commerce and trade for us all, but more essential than these, rela- tions of mutual respect, confidence and friend- ship, which will deepen and endure. Our earn- est prayer is that God will graciously vouch- safe prosperity, happiness and peace to all our neighbors, and like blessings to all the peoples and powers of the earth." On September 6th, while holding a public reception, he was stricken by the assassin, lingering until September 14, when he died. Nothing in his career gave more evidence of the great character about to be removed from earth than the fortitude and patience with which he met his doom. His hrst word was to restrain the people from taking sudden and unlawful vengeance upon the wretch who had fired upon him ; then of the invalid wife, that the news might l)e broken gently to her. Hav- ing every reason to hold life dear, no complaint at the harshness of his fate escaped him. "It is God's way; his will, not ours, be done," said this strong and gentle man as he sank to his final rest. \Vho shall speak adequately of his gentle- ness and kindness? Cardinal Newman has 17 said : "ft is almost a definition of a gentleman to say tliat he is one who never inllicts pain." If that be the test, he was indeed one "who wore without reproach the grand old name of gentleman." William McKinley never consciously wronged a fellow-being. It was his rule not only to refrain from inflicting pain but to scatter joy wherever he could. He would step aside from a march of retreat to assure a weep- ing mother, who loved the Union, that defeat was but for a day and would be turned into vic- tory. Steadfast in his friendships, he would not swerve from loyalty for the glittering of the Presidency. Enduring the burdens which came before, during and after the war, no word of impatience ever escaped him, and he met the people with a smile of welcome and a word of encouragement. He would turn from the most important affairs of state to give a flower to a little child, or to say a kindly word to some visitor for whom he could do no more. Re- sentments he had none. He believed life was too short to give any of his time to cherish- ing animosity. Sensitive to criticism, no one ever heard him utter an unkind word of an- other. He met calumny with silence and un- just criticism with charity. His was the gos- pel of cheerfulness. His presence was sun- shine, never gloom ; his encouraging word dis- pelled doubt and nerved others to their duty. So gentle, kind and true had been this life that not even his slayer could strike at him ! With this gentleness, what mighty strength! Death meets all on equal terms. The man as he is then stands unveiled. With so much to make life dear this strong man did not falter when the summons came. Looking forward to re- tirement in the home he loved, sure of the af- fection of his countrymen and the respect of the world, holding the hand of his loved com- panion whose welfare had ever been the first purpose of his life, and whose returning strength had made his last summer one of the 274 OLD LANDMARKS i)rightest, he entered the \alley of the shadow of death with no murmur at his fate, leaning on tiie nxl and statT wiucii iiad comforted his fathers, died as he had hveih in humhle sub- mission to the will of God. "Xow wiiile he was thus in discourse, Iiis countenance changed, his strong man bowed under him, and after he had said : 'Take me for I come unto Thee,' lie ceased seen of them." He lives in the love of his countrvmen. His character will grow brightei with the years; the nobleness of his life, the sublime heroism of his death shall never perish from, the memory of men. He will live in the thou- sands of homes where comfort and domestic peace rerlect the wisdom of his statesmanship. He will live in the beneficence of his example at every hearth where succeeding generations shall recount the strength and beauty of his character and tell again the story of his life. JOHN BANNER, one of Canton's oldest and most highly esteemed citizens, was born ni this city on March lo, 1N23, the only son of Jacob and Anna (Slusser) Danner, both na- tives of Pennsy!\-ania, the father born in the year 1795 and the mother on April i, 1S03. The niaternal grandfather was I'hdip Slusser, who built the first mill in Stark county in 1816. The Slusser family were among the pioneers of Canton. Jacob Danner, father of John, was bom in York county. Pennsylvania, and came to Canton from Center county. I'enn- sylvania. to which county his parents removed when he was a boy. in 1816. and here married Anna Slusser in i8ji. They became the par- ents of two children, their daughter Har- riet becoming Uie wife of Joseph S. Sr.xton. The mother of Mr. John Danner died in 1889 and the father in 1845. John Danner was reared in his native city, where he was also educated. He attended for a time the private school of Rev. T. M. Hop- kins, a i'resbyterian minister, from whom he gained much \;duable knowledge. He began his practical life as a clerk in the store of Alar- tin W'ikidal. one of Canton's pioneer mer- chants, with whom he spent four years. After that he went to Massillon. where he clerked for four years more for L. & S. Rawson, prominent pioneer merchants. In 1865, in company with John R. Bucher, he started what was called the Canton Stove Works, but not liking the business, sold out at the end of one year. After this he en- barked in the clothing and dry-goods business, which he carried on until 1876, when he dis- posed of his stock, and that same year patented what is known as the John Danner revolving book-case. This piece of library furniture he manufactured for two years in a small w'a\', only about forty men being employed, but the strong, steady growth of the trade of the house reached such dimensions that it necessitated removal to more extensive and convenient premises to cope with the increased demand. In 1890 they removed to their present site on Na\'arre street, on the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chicago Railroad, where they erected large frame buildings, fifty by one hundred and eigh- ty-two feet, and fitting them throughout with modern macliiner)-, occupied the same with in- creased and increasing facility and business un- til May 31, 1903, when the plant was destroyed by fire. Nothing flaunted by this disaster, which was indeed one, as the insurance on the plant was light, the company began at once the erection of their present brick factory, on the old foundation, being fifty liy two hundred feet, the additirai being two stories in height. They now employ from one hundred and sev- enty-fi\'e to two hundred men. Upon the form- ing of the comp'uiy. Mr. Danner, the inventor, became president of the same. C. B. Campbell. « JOHN DAMNER. MRS JOHN DANNER I CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 275 superintendent; J. F. Campbell, treasurer and J. M. Danner, secretary. Tliey sell direct to the trade throughout the United States, and also have a large trade in foreign cities, espe- cially in Montreal, Canada; Paris, France, and London, England. The Danner revolving laook- cases were the first practical articles of the kind ever patented, and all others gotten out later are gross infringements of the same. October 4, 1847, Mr. Danner married Miss Terressa A. Millard, a native of Tioga county, Pennsylvania, who .was born July 24, 1828, the daughter of William j. and Betsy J. (Ball) Millard, both natives of Onondago county, New York, who after their marriage removed to Tioga county, Pennsylvania. William J. Millard was a soldier in Llic war of 1812, and received an honorable discharge. Col. Ball, the maternal grandfather of Mrs. Danner, also served in the above war, where he distinguished himself in several engagements and his regi- ment did good service in many siuiguinary bat- tles. Two brothers of Mrs. Danner served in the war of the Rebellion. Seven children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Danner, as follows : Anna died at the age of two years; Mary E. ; Julia A. married L. M. Jones, attorney, of Canton; Harriet N. married J. F. Campbell; Edith R. married S. S. C. Gaskell, of Canton ; John N., married May Shanafelt, of Canton, and Almina T., who married Charles M. Bawsel, of Colum- bus, Ohio, now of Washington, D. C. Mr. Danner has served six years as a mem- ber of the city council, and also served a simi- lar period on the school board. He and his wife are memljers of the First Baptist church of Canton, having joined the same in Massillon in 1842 and 1847, respectively. For over twen- ty years Mr. Danner was superintendent of the Sunday school and teacher of the Bible class, and still continues the latter. He was formerly a Whig, then a Republican in politics, but for a number of years has been a Prohibitionist of the most pronounced character, and e\'cii at his advanced age is still deeply and actively in- terested in all temperance work. He has al- ways been found on the side of law and mor- ality. REV. CHARLES W. BREWBAKER, D. D. — There are but few divines in the United Brethren church of Ohio that have enjoyed greater prestige in theological circles than the scholarly and erudite Dr. Brewbaker, the eflkient and popular pastor of one of the large and inllucntial congregations of the city of Canton. One of the notable men of bis day and generation in the religious body with which he is identified and a minister of much more than local repute, his talents have won him recognition among the leading clergymen of the state, while his work for the Master in Canton will remain a monument to his memory far more enduring than marble shaft or granite obelisk. Many years ago three brothers by the name of Brewbaker left their native Switzer- land and came to the new world, one settling in Canada, one in Virginia and llie third in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. Im-oui the latter the subject of this review is descended, Peter Brewbaker, the Doctor's great-grand- father, was born in the township of CocoHca, Lancaster county, but later transferred his resi- dence to the county of Franklin, in the same state, where his death occurred at the age of eighty-two years. He had a son John, who was born in Pennsylvania, May 22, 1797, and who, when a young man, married Miss Matilda Leiter, a native of Maryland and born near the town of Leitersburg, on the 8th of June, 1803. Her people were among the early settlers of Maryland and from them have de- scended many men of prominence in the pro- fessional and business world, among them be- ing the Leiters, of Chicago, one of whom is now a merchant prince of that city and father- in-law of the present viceroy of Lidia. By 2;6 OLD LANDMARKS occupation John Brenbaker was a cooper, in connection with \\hich trade he also carried on the pursuit of agriculture. A man of sturdy honesty and high character, he was not re- ligiously inclined, but lived a correct moral life and died at the age of eighty-eight, esteemed by all who knew him. His wife, a lady of excellent repute, departed this life in her sixty- sixth year and her body sleeps beside that of her husband in the old Cierman Baptist cemetery, near Greenc&stle, Pennsylvania. Abraham Rush Brewbaker, son of the above and father of the subject of this sketch, is a native of Franklin county, Pennsylvania, born on a farm in what is now Peters township, January 28, 1838. He was reared an agriculturist, but be- gan life for himself as a cabinetmaker, in ad- dition to which he also became a proficient house painter. Later in life he and his twin brother, Andrew J. Brewliaker, were associated in cabinetmaking and undertaking at State Line, Pennsylvania, the latter subsequently withdrawing from the firm and moving- to Du- buque, Iowa, where he earned the reputation of being one of the finest mechanics in the above city and also stood high as an enterprising man and public-spirited citizen. Abraham Brewbaker continued to run the business in Pennsylvania and is still an honored resident of State Line and one of the leading men of affairs in the county of Franklin. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Elizabeth Sour- beck, was born in Antrim township, Franklin county, Pennsylvania, on the loth day of De- cember, 1842, the daughter of Daniel Sourbeck, who owned a large nursery near the town of Greencastle. Mrs. Brewbaker was reared in the faith of the German Reformed church, but subsequently united with the United Brethren church, of which she is still a zealous member, as is also her husband. Politically INir. Brewliaker is a stanch sup- porter of the Democratic party and as such has been elected at different times to various local offices, in all of w hich he has shown him- self worthy of the trust reposed in him by his fellow citizens. Nine children resulted from the marriage of Abraham and Mary Elizabeth Brewbaker, namely : Abraham, who died in infancy; Amelia also died when quite young; Peter G., a resident of State Line, Pennsyl- vania ; Mary E., wife of John Holbert ; Charles W'., whose name furnishes the caption of this article; Virginia Dell, now Mrs. Daniel Swisher, of Franklin county, Pennsylvania ; Matilda E., who married Elmer Spessard, of Hagerstown, Maryland; Emma Myrtle, wife of George Mayhew. of State Line, and Harvey Cleveland, who is still under the parental roof. Rev. Charles W. Brewkaker was born in the town of State Line, Franklin county, Pennsylvania, on the i8th day of October, 1869, and attended the public schools of his native place until his seventeenth year. He made commendable progress in his studies, as is attested by the fact of his passing success- fully the teacher's examination at the above age, but for various reasons he did not engage in educational work. He early showed promise as a scholar and as a boy possessed that positiveness of conviction and resoluteness of pur])ose which have been such marked traits of his mature years. Reared in an environment of religious influence and receiving from his child- hood instruction in holy things, he was led, when a }'outh of seventeen, to give his heart to God and unite with the church, facts which had much to do in shaping his future course of life. Endowed with intellectual abilities fitting him for public ser\'ice in the church and ])elie\- ing it his duty to enter the ministry, he was licensed when but eighteen years old, to preach the gospel. He delivered his first discourse in the town of Chewsville, Maryland, eleven miles from his home, and those who heard the sermon predicted for the youthful minister a long and useful career in the noble work in which he had been called. To better prepare himself for CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 277 his lioly office, Dr. Brewbaker, in the spring of 1888, entered an academy at Buckhannon, West \'irginia, and by his own efforts succeeded in working- his way tin"ough the institution until completing" the full course, graduating with a creditable record in the }-ear 1890. He then became a student of the Western College, of Toledo, Iowa, in which he took the [jhilosoph- ical course and from which he was graduated in 1892, By reason of failing health he was oliliged to forego further mental eft'ort and turn his attention to outdoor exercise, and wliile thus engaged he supplied for about one year se\-eral churches that had no settled pas- ti:'r>. \\'hen. sufticienti}' reco\'ered he resumed his studies, entering, in the fall of 1893, the I'nion Biblical Seminary, at Dayton, Ohio, where he prosecuted his theological work until 1896, when he was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Divinity, at the same time re- ceiving the degree of Master of Philosophy from the college at Toledo, Iowa, which he had fiirmerly attended. With a mind well disciplined by thorough intellectual and theological training. Dr. Brew- baker was now well prepared for effective ser- vice in tlie ministry and beginning his labor on the Hagerstown circuit, in the Maryland con- ference, ministered to the churches under his charge with great acceptance and fruitful re- sults for a period of two and a half years. In the fall of 1898 he resigned the above position to accept the pastorate of the First United Brethren chiu'ch at Canton, and since that time he has labored with encouraging success in this city, building up the congregation materially and spiritually and adding greatly to its strength as an influential factor for good in the community. Realizing the need for thorough preparation in all lines of ministerial activity, he has spared no opportunity for the consum- mation of this laudable end : in addition to his ministerial work he has continued to prosecute systematically his theological studies, at first privately, but later under the direction of some of the ablest divines in the denomination to which he belongs. He spent one year taking a post-graduate course in psychology at Woos- ter University, W^ooster, Ohio, in addition to wliich he also took a course in practical and pastoral theology in the American University at Harriman, Tennessee, receiving from the lat- ter institution, in 1900, the degree of Doctor of Divinity. At the present time he is taking a course in sociology, as prescribed by the Illi- nois Wesleyan University. In June, 1902, the degree of Master of Arts was conferred upon bun by Otterbein University, one of the lead- ing educational institutions in the United States under the auspices of the United Brethren church. It will l^e seen from the foregoing that the life of Dr. Brewbaker has been one of great actnity. signal usefulness and dis- tinction in his chosen calling, but the amount of labor accomplished is but a prophecy of still greater activity and more fruitful results in years to come. Dr. Brewbaker is interested in politics as a citizen and not as a partisan. In local matters he is not bound by party ties, but supports the candidate who is, in his judgment, best quali- fied for the office sought. An uncompromising enemy of the liquor traltic in all its forms and believing its power can only be effectually over- come by ridding the country of the evil, he has been of late years an avowed Prohibitionist, working zealously for the party and doing nnich for its success in this part of the state. In the year 1900 Dr. Brewbaker was elected general corresponding secretary of the Young People's Christian Union of the United Brethren church, which position he still holds and through the medium of which he has been brought into close relation with the leaders of this department of work throughout the United States. He has proved a very capable official and discharges the functions of the secretary- ship with the same zeal and energy that charac- 278 OLD LANDMARKS terize his public ministry. The Doctor is blessed with a comfortable share of this world's goods and is surrounded w-ith evidences of a happy and prosperous life. He was married on the 30th of August, 1899, in jNIowersville, Pennsylvania, to Miss Nellie Maude Snoke, a native of the place and daughter of Aaron F. and Sarah (Shomaker) Snoke. Mrs. Brewbaker was born October 30, 1877, received her early educational discipline in the public .schools of Cumberland Valley, Franklin county, Pennsylvania, and in 1896 was gradu- ated from the Normal School at Shippens- burg, of that state. She taught one year in Franklin county. Pennsxlvania, and demon- strated tine abilities as an instructor. A lady of refinement, varied culture and exemplary Christian character, she enters heartily into her ]uisl)and's work, co-operating with him and others in strengthening the walls of Zion in the city of Canton. Rev. and Mrs. Brewbaker have one child, a daughter, Mary Elizabeth, who w as born January 7, 1903. DAVID A. ARTER, M. D.— Dr. Arter's success in the nolile profession to which his talents ha\e l)een devoted soon gave him worthy prestige and by a long life of conse- cration to the cause of suffering humanity he won an abiding place in the affections of the people. His signally successful career was abruptly terminated, some years ago, but his achievements up to that time, together with the potential influence for good which he has al- ways exerted, will stand his fit and imperish- able monument. Michael Arter, the Doctor's father, was a native of Cumberland county, !\Taryland, but when a young man he came to Ohio, settling in New Lisbon, Columbiana county, where he learned the trade of tanning and currying under Joseph Richardson, a prominent business man of that town. Mr. Richardson had a daughter, Lydia, between whom and young Arter a fast friendship was soon cemented, which, ripening into love, eventually led to mar- riage. The father of Mrs. Arter sprang from an old and highly connected family of Quaker origin, and was born in the state of Pennsyl- vania, in September, 1 774, the son of John and Lydia Richardson, who were early settlers of Lancaster county. Mrs. Richardson, whose birth occurred on the 27th of September, 1775, in York cit\', Pennsyhania, was the daughter of Joseph and Lydia Greene, the father a brother of deneral Nathaniel Greene, of Revolutionary fame. She married Mr. Richardson on the I ith day of January, 1790, and about the year 1800 the two moved to Columbiana county, in the pioneer history of which he bore a con- spicuous part. Mr. Richardson was one of the early business men of New Lisbon and in addition to mercantile pursuits carried on farming and tanning quite extensively, acquir- ing in the course of time large wealth and high social standing. He took a leading part in the public and political affairs of Columbiana coun- ty, served several terms in general assembly of Ohio and at one time was speaker of the house of representatives. He had three wives, the first of whom, referred to above, died a few years after moving to Ohio. She bore him three children, namely: Lydia, wife of Michael Arter and mother of the direct sub- ject of this sketch; Jason and Albert G. The last named became a distinguished Methodist divine and preached for some years in eastern Ohio, thence removed to New York, where his daughter married a very wealthy and influential banker by the name of Shattuck. Mr. Richardson's second wife, whom he married in the year 1808, was Mrs. Elizabeth (Matthews) Robinson; she did not long survive her mar- riage, and subsequently, about 181 2, Mr. Richardson chose for his third companion Lydia Myers, who bore him children as fol- lows: Samuel, who died September 16, 1887, CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. !79 near Morohead, Minnesota; Charles, a lawyer by profession, departed this life in Missouri; Joseph became a professor in a dental cijllege in Cincinnati, and atained great prominence in his profession. He wrote many books and articles on dentistr}^, one in particular on "Mechanical Dentistry." lx;coming a text book; Louisa married a Mr.' Dilworth, a wealthy coffee merchant of Pittsburg, and is still living in that city ; Frank became prominent in medi- cal circles and was at one time professor in a medical college in Cincinnati ; he rose to dis- tinguished prominence in his profession and died in Cincinnati ; William, the youngest son, spent the greater part of his life in Pittsburg and it was in that city that his death occurred. Joseph Richardson, the father of these children, died at New Lisbon, Ohio, in the year 1831. Li many respects he was much more than an ordinary man. He was a natural leader and moved among his fellows as one born to com- mand. Physically he was of massive mold and dignified presence, being unusually tall and magnihcently proportioned and in his prime weighing over three hundred pounds. He left the impress of his individuality deeply im- pressed upon the community in which he lived and is remembered as one of strong characters and leading public men of the county of Colum- biana. In the early settlement of Maryland. Will- iam Richaixlson, an uncle of Joseph, acquired title to three hundred and twenty acres of land within the corporate limits of Baltimore, which he afterward leased for a term of ninety-nine years. The land is now in the very heart of the city and, being covered with large busi- ness blocks, is conservatively valued at over eighty million dollars. The lease expired a number of years ago, but thus far the heirs have not been able to establish a legal claim to the property, although the matter has long been in litigation. After his marriage to Lydia Richardson, Michael Arter engaged in the manufacture of leather at Hanover, Ohio, and continued to do a thriving business there until his retirement from active life. Like his father-in-law. he also became quite prominent in public affairs and for many years was a leading Republican politician of his county. During the days of slavery he was active in assisting run-away bondsmen by means of the "underground rail- road"' and through his instrumentality many poor black people were helped on their way to freedom across the Canadian border. After a long and useful life, he passed away at Hanover and his memory is still cherished in that place. Mrs. Arter bore her husband seven children and departed this life on the 14th day of October, 1S64. The oldest of these offspring was Joseph, whose birth occurred on the i8th of October, 181 7. He early became interested in politics and in recognition of valuable services rendered his party as well as on account of his peculiar fitness for the office, he was appointed collector of revenue for the seventeenth con- gressional district of Ohio, being the first man to hold the position. He then for six years held the position of county clerk at Xew Lisbon. Later he became interested in the de- velopment of oil lands in Ohio. He died at New Lisbon, leaving one son living, Richard, who also, like his father, held for six years the po- sition of county clerk of New Lisbon. The second of the family is the subject of this sketch, after whom came Albert, who was born February 11, 1822, in the town of Hanover. He also became a politician and for many years was prominent!}^ identified with the public and political affairs of Columbiana county. Jane, who was born in January, 1824, married a clergvnian by the name of Lowman and died on the I tth day of January, 1856. Jason, the next in order of birth, studied medicine with his brother, David A., of this review, and after attending medical college at Cincinnati and Cleveland, became division surgeon in the 28o OLD LANDMARKS Union army during the Civil war. Catherine Amancla, born April 30, 1828, married Rev. Mr. Wright, a Methodist minister of consider- able note in eastern Ohio. The youngest mem- ber of tlie family, a son by the name of Thomas Jefferson, was born on the 22A day of July, 1830. Dr. David A. Arter, to a review of whose life and professional career the remainder of this sketch is devoted, was born in Hanover. Columbiana county, Ohio, January 30, 1820, and at tliis writing has attained the ripe old age of eighty-three years, ni full possession of his mental faculties, but by no means vigorous physicially. He spent his youth and early manhood in liis native town and until the age of nineteen attended the pul)lic schools, in which he made rapid and substantial progress. The training thus received was suplemented by a three vears" course in .Mieghenv College, after which he entered the office of Drs. Robinson & Carey, of Hanover, to begin his preliminary preparation for the medical profession. Subsequently he read and also practiced under the directi(^n of Dr. Hulderman. a prominent physician and surgeon of Minerva, and after spending six months in his office entered a medical college in Cincinnati, from which he was graduated in the year 1845. O" receiving his degree Dr. Arter opened an office in the eastern part of Columbiana county, but after practicing three and a half months, and his receipts amounting to only eleven dollars, he concluded it wise to seek a new and more favorable field. Accordingly, on the ist day of August, 1845, h^ located at Carrollton, in the county of Carroll, and during the ensuing twenty years practiced at that point with an eminent degree of success, both professionally and financially, earning nnich more than local repute as a skillful physician and surgeon. His practice took a very wide range and during his long residence in Carrollton his name became a household word in nearlv everv home in the county. On tire 25th of April, 1865, Dr. Arter, much to the regret of the people of Carroll county, left that field and opened an office in Canton. When he came here he found five men practicing" medicine in the city, all of whom liave since died. He not only survived his associates of those days, but has outlived many who hax'e come and gone the meanwhile, be- iiig at this time the oldest physician both in years and length of service in the county of Stark. The Doctor was not long in building up a kicrative practice in the town and surround- ing county and for many years he was the leading practitioner in this part of the state, the constant demand for his services keeping him on the go day and niglit until his erst- while strong and vigorous constitution beg^an to feel the effects of too close application to duty. He took high rank in every department of the profession and earned a reputation as a suc- cessful healer and skillful surgeon such as few attain. It is the testimony of all who knew him during the palmy days of his career that Dr. Arter's presence in the sick room was like a genial ray of briglit sunshine and under no circumstances did he fail to uphold the ilignity of his calling or forget to be a gentleman. All testify to his ability in the line of his profession and to his strong integrity, sterling honesty and upright, manly conduct in the domain of citizenship. Dr. Arter's life is a fair illustration of the fact that merit ultimately wins its own reward. He entered the medical profession with a de- termination to excel and Ijecome a true liealer. and that he succeeded even beyond his most sanguine expectations is attested by the large measure of success which he achieved and the distinguished position he held among the most noted physicians in this part of the state. He continued to prosecute his profession with the most beneficial results until October 20. 1886, when a stroke of paralysis occurred which eCfectuallv ended his active career as a / I ■'I practitioner. This grie\ous affliction came ■ upon him in the night, rendering him for a time p completely unconscious and when he revived it I was with the memory of his previous life com- pletely shattered. The power of speech had left him, likewise the strength of his vigorous intellect, and the pathetic experience of his wife, while teaching him to talk, and after- wards to spell and read, is one of the saddest chapters in the life history of this erstwhile able and brilliant man. Beginning with the alphabet, which he soon mastered, he began j studying a small primer such as children use in school and in due time he could read fluentlv and understand equally as well. In the course of time his powers of mind returned, also his memory, and while still disabled physically he is mentally almost as vigorous and alert as in the days of his prime. Dr. Arter has aways manifested a lively interest in political affairs and for many years was one of the Republican leaders in the county of Stark. He was a delegate to the national convention at Chicago, in i860, which nomi- nated Abraham Lincoln for President, took an active part in the campaign that followed and as long as he was able never lost sight of his duty to his party. He has studied deeply the great public and political questions of his time, and since the stroke which rendered him com- paratively helpless has kept in touch with the trend of current events, also pursuing a wide range of reading, his acquaintance with the best literature of all ages being both general and pro- found. He possesses fine literary tastes and at times gives expression to his thought in beautifully written prose and verse. Some of his poetry, noted for purity of thought and elegance of diction, is well worthy of preser- vation, but thus far but little if anv has been published. Quite recently he wrote a few stanzas, under the caption of "Our Earthlv House," of which the following -verses are samples. A\'hile prophetic of the end which in CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 281 the course of nature cannot be far away, they indicate a sublime trust in an all-wise Father's guidance and breathe a spirit of devotion be- speaking the consolation which only religion aft'ords : Our earthly house is fast dissolving, .\nd mortal life will soon be o'er. The cares within us now revolving Will soon afflict our hearts no more. Pure religion lasts forever, Death will our spirits ever free. Through endless ages onward rolling This heavenly portion ours shall be. Reverting to the domestic life of Dr. Arter, it is learned that he was first married on the 6th day of Noxember, 1844, to Miss Almira Ferrell, of Columbiana county, Ohio, who died at Carrollton, November 28, 1859. She bore him three children: Florence, born January 6, 1846, married George Thomas and lives at Bellefontaine, this state; Alphonso, born Feb- ruary II, 1848, married Miss Frances Pain, of Painsville, and died at Cleveland, Ohio, Janu- ary 7, 1900; Ruth Emma, the youngest, is the wife of Henry Heath, of Milwaukee, Wiscon- sin, and was born on the 8th day of August, 1852. The Doctor's second marriage was solemnized November 7, i860, with Margaret McCall, who was born in Cadiz, Harrison county, Ohio, March 24, 1839. Mrs. Arter spent her childhood and youth in her native town and after attending the public schools, took a course in a seminary at Athens, Ohio. Her father, Marshall McCall. was a prominent citizen in Harrison county, which he repre- sented at different times in the general as- sembly, and as a pulilic man he stood high in the esteem and confidence of the people. He married Miss Mary Morrison, of \\'ashington county, Pennsylvania, by whom he had four children, namely: John A. died in Kansas: James, a resident of Wenona, Illinois ; Mary, wife of Leonard Rowley, of Arkon, Ohio, and Mrs. Dr. Arter. Marshall McCall was born in Scotland in the vear iSo^ and when a child 282 OLD LANDMARKS was brought by his parents to the United States, where he spent the remainder of his hfe, dying in Wenona, Ilhnois, September 29, 1873. His first wife died on the 17th of September, 1849, 'i"*^' later he married the widow of General Gale, of Columbus, who died in 1902. Dr. Arter was made a Mason in 1850, in Carroll Lodge No. 124, and was for six years master of that lodge. After removing to Can- ton his membership was transferred to Lodge No. 60, in that city, and he is now the oldest Freemason in Canton. MADISON RAYNOLDS was the son of William and Elizabeth (Millar) Raynolds. ami was born March 20, 1808. His father came with a family of four children to Ohio in 1802 and settled in Zanesville, where he died in 1814. During the war of 1812 he raised a company and was made captain. He served under Gen- eral Cass and rose to the rank of major and was present at Hull's surrender at Detroit. Af- ter Major Raynolds' death his widow, with her family of nine children, came to Canton, where she died in 1843 at the advanced age of seventy- nine. The subject of this sketch was eight years old at the time of his mother's removal to Canton. At fifteen he was employed by a mer- chant in Steubenville. Later he formed a part- nersliip with his brother-in-law, John Laird, and opened a store in Dalton, Ohio. After two years he returned to Canton, and. in company with John Harris, opened a store on the west half of the present court house lot. For thirty years he was identified with the mercantile in- terests of Canton. Li the early part of his business career he made the journey to New York for goods on horseback and by stage, oc- cupying from fifteen to twenty days, and be- fore he retired he was able to make the same in twenty-four hours. He retired from mercan- tile business in 1853 and formed a partnership with Solomon Kauffman in the grain business. They built what was known as the "Hundred- Mile Warehouse" and continued in business for ten years, after which Mr. Raynolds retired from active business. Li September, 1833, Mr. Raynolds married Miss Sarah Slusser, a native of Canton. By this marriage were seven sons, four of whom • are living, viz : Jefferson and Joshua S., in Las Vegas, New Mexico; Frederic A., in Canon City, Colorado, all engaged in the banking business, and Albert H., living in El Paso, Texas. Two died in infancy. Four of their boys were in the Civil war. Lewis F. Ray- nolds came out of the war a major and brevet lieutenant colonel. He located at Burlington, Iowa, where he was engaged in the wholesale drug business until his health failed from the effects of his hard usage in the army. He re- turned to Canton to die, but before his death was largely instrumental in starting the Pub- lic Library and very helpful to the building up of the Young Men's Christian Association. The home of Madison and Sarah M. Ray- nolds (the latter known to everyone in Canton twenty years ago as "Aunt Sarah") was al- ways the happy resort of every boy and girl in tlie neighborhood. In addition to raising their own children, they brought up Rel)ecca Slusser, now Mrs. David Zollers, and William \A'allace, a nephew, now vice-president of the Omaha National Bank. Mr. Raynolds was highly esteemed in busi- ness circles as a man of integrity and enter- prise. In an article he wrote he says : "The early citizens and business men of Canton struggled for years against the overshadowing business prosperity of Massillon. The efforts of some of our citizais, first to get the Ohio canal located through Canton and then the Cleveland & Pittsburg Railroad, being thwarted by the shortsighted penuriousness of some of the peo- ple, kept Canton in the drag for some years. The abortive effort to build a branch of the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 283 Sandy ami Beaver Canal to Bolivar was wild in its inception and miserable in its failure. The location of the Ohio & Pennsylvania Railroad (now the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chicago) galvanized the old town into a little life, but the vitalizing inlluence of the Ball & Company machine shops gave an impetus to the business prosperity of the place. To the inventive gen- ius of Epliraim Ball Canton is greatly indebted for •\'ery much of its growth and i)ri)S])erity and our citizens should erect a monument to commemorate his name and usefulness. The shops and the railroads have given an impe- tus to iiusincss prosperity of the place which may result in m;iking it a great city." !Mr. Rayniilds was the originator of the old Stu-k county fair. He was its first president and for ten or fifteen years was either presi- dent, secretary or treasurer. His early advan- tages for obtaining an education were limited. He was a shining example of a self educated man. He was a great reader of the best liter- ature and had collected a large library, rather unusual in that early day. It might almost have l^een named a circulating library, for his generosity in lending his books was proverbial. He was alive to the fact that books and games for boys were educational and in "The Library" were to be found all the magazines and books published. The boys of the town were wel- comed and have never forgotten the pleasure and profit. Mr. Raynolds was a lover of music and for many years was a member of the choir of the Presbyterian church. He passed away August 23, 1883. S. T. KEITH. M. D.— This distinguished physician and surgeon, also a brave and gal- lant soldier in one of the greatest wars of history, is of Scotch-English descent and traces his family history to this country as far back as the time of the colonies. Some time ptior to the war for independence some of his pater- nal ancestors, who were natives of Scotland, came to x\merica and settled in Virginia, in which state, near the city of Richmond, his grandfather, Price Keith, was lx)rn and reared. During the war of 1812 Price Keith was de- tailed as a commander of a force of men to keep in .subjection the slaves of his part of the country and it is a matter of history that he at- tended strictly to his duties in that capacity un- til the latter ])art of the year 1815. About 1818 he moved his family to Columbiana county, Ohio, settling in J huunerton, where he fj])ened a hotel, the first public house in the place, which he managed with gratifying results for a term of years. Sul)scf|uenlly he engaged in agri- cultural ])ursuits in the above county and con- tinued that mode of life until too old to attend successfuly to the duties of his farm, which consi.sted of one hundred and eighty acres within a short distance of Hanoverlon. Horn and bred in a slave state, Price Keith was taught to believe human servitude a divine institution, but becoming convinced that it con- flicted with every princi])le of right and justice, he, later in life, liberated his slaves and from that time until his death opposed the institution both for ])olitical and humanitarian reasons. In his old age he retired to Hanoverton, where he S]jent the remainder of his days, dying there in the early 'fifties at the remarkable age of ninety-six. Thomas Henson Keith, son of Price Keith, and father of the subject of this review, was born on the old family homestead near the city of Richmond. Virginia, spent his childhood and youthful years there and re- ceived a good educational training under the direction of competent teachers in his native state of Ohio. Before attaining his majority he accompanied his parents to Columbiana county, and in early life engaged in merch- andizing at Augusta, in the county of Carroll. After spending several years in that town he changed his residence to southern Illinois, purchasing a farm just south of Cairo, where 284 OLD LANDMARKS he lived as an honest and fairly successful tiller of the soil for a period of about six years. Disposing of his interests there, he returned to Ohio and engaged in the pursuit of agriculture in Paris township, Stark county, where he remained ten years, selling out at the expiration of that time and purchasing his father's old farm in the county of Columbiana. After spending several years on a place endeared to him by so many tender recollections and early associations, and finding himself no longer able to attend to the practical duties of the farm, he mo\ed to the town of ISIinerva, Stark coun- ty, where he lived in honorable retirement until taking up his abode in Alliance, with his son, the subject of this review. Thomas H. Keith ■\vas a man of excellent character, an honorable, upright citizen and exercised a wholesome in- fluence for good in the various localities in which he resided. He lived to a ripe old age, highly esteemed by all who knew him, and died at the residence of his son in the month of June, 1896. His wife, who Ijore the maiden name of Alargaret AIcBride, was born in 181 2 and departed this life in T\Iarch, 1897. She was the daughter of Stephen ]\IcBride. a nati\e of Ireland, and always possessed an excellent and beautiful moral character. Dr. S. T. Keith, son of Thomas H. and Margaret Keith, was born in the town of Egypt, southern Illinois, on the loth day of October. 1844. When he was about two years old his parents returned to Ohio, consequently his early life was spent in Paris township. Stark county, in the public schools of which part of the state he received his preliminary educational discipline. Reared on a farm, he early became familiar with the varied duties of agriculture and while still a youth learned to prize honest toil and honorable endeavor at their true value. He was his father's able and willing assistant until the year 1862, at ■which time, when a lad of seventeen, he laid aside the implements of husbandry and, with the patriotic fervor which animated the loyal sons of the North, offered his services to the government, enlisting in May of that year in Company 1, Sixty-eighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, for the three-months .service. Shortly after the expiration of his term he re-enlisted, this time joinmg Company F, Seventy-sixth Ohio Infantiy, for three years or during the war, his period of service terminating in August, 1865. During his military experience, which included some of the most noted cam- paigns and bloody battles of the Rebellion, Mr. Keith bore bravely and uncomplainingly his full share of duty under trying circumstances, never shirking a responsibility or shrinking from a danger, on long, tiresome marches or in the heat of battle. He shared with his comrades the fortunes and vicissitudes of war in various southern states, participating in the actions at and near Chattanooga, all the terrible battles of the Atlanta campaign, marched with Sher- man to the sea, and. what is a most remarkable record with but few parallels, never missed a day from duty. To narrate in detail his varied experiences while following the old flag through the South and encountering the hosts of treason in the twenty-seven sanguinary en- gagements in which he participated, would far transcend the limits of this article, but through- out fiis conduct was all that an honorable soldier's could be, and the reflection that now comes to him in the thanks of the Union to which he devoted some of the best years of his life, affords a satisfaction and pride that in some measure at least compensate him for services rendered and hardships endured. After the war ]\Ir. Keith resumed his studies for a while and then accepted a clerk- ship in a drug house at Hanoverton. devoting his leisure while thus employed to the reading of medicine, which profession he had long contemplated as a life work. Severing his con- nection with his employer, he entered the office of Dr. R. P. Johnson, a distinguished physician CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 285 aiul surgeon of Alliance, Ohio, and after prose- cuting his researches for soinc time under that oentleman's direction became, in the fall oi 1868. a student in the medical department of the Michigan L'niversity, at Ann Arbor. Ad- dressing himself assidiously to his studies, he completed the prescribed course in less than two years, receiving his degree of Doctor of Medicine witii the class that was graduated in the spring of 1870. \V'ell fortified with superior professional training, the Doctor at once began the practice at Hanoverton and after spending about one year there removed to a larger and more in- viting field m the town of Bloomington, Illi- nois, where he ministered to the ills of suffering humanity for a period of two years, meeting with gratifying success the meantime. From Bloomington he removed to North Jackson, Mahoning county, Ohio, and during the ensuing ten years practiced in that town and vicinity, winning much more than local repu- tation as an able physician and skillful surgeon, his business taking in a wide range and result- ing not only in professional success, but also in very liberal financial remuneration. The Doctor's next move was to Alliance. Stark county, in which city he spent the eighteen or twenty years following, constantly adding to his high repute in every line of his calling, also taking advanced rank as an intelligent. enterprising citizen and progressive man of afifairs. About the year 1892 he gave up in large degree his general practice for the pur- pose of devoting especial attention to the treat- ment of diseases by the static electric process, in which for years he had been making scientific investigations and which under his subsequently perfected system has become one of the greatest and most successful discoveries of modern medical science. Like all discoveries of remedial agents, his success has been achieved in the face of professional and g^eneral oppo- sition, but with unbounded confidence in the efficacv of his svstem he persevered until he is now the proprietor of a large and thoroughly equipped sanitarium at Canton, where he lo- cated in 1898, the number of patients demand- ing treatment taxing the institution to its ut- most capacity. Among the many ills which have been treated with most lieneficial results, the follow- ing may be especially noted: Neuralgia, re- flex irritation, various types of head pains, insomnia, the different forms of epilepsy, skin diseases, all classes of nervous disorders, dis- orders of the scalp, gout, all types of rheuma- tism, also heart diseases, resulting from reheu- matic affections, many forms of chronic functional nervous disorders, locomotor ataxia, dyspepsia, sciatica, Bright's disease and other kidney troubles, debilitating fevers, most of the diseases peculiar to the female sex. diseases of children, in fact nearly all chronic ailments, while many others not included in this catalogue have yielded easily and permanently to the treatment which the Doctor and his assistants so successfully apply. Dr. Keith has spent many years of hard study and painstaking research in developing and perfecting the static remedy, sparing no expense in supplying his sanitarium with the latest scientific appliances, including among others the most improved X-ray method, which he uses with skill and most beneficial results. In the prosecution of his work of healing he has conferred a great boon upon suffering humanity, his establishment on South Cleve- land avenue being highly prized, not only by patients in the city of Canton, but by hundreds from distant places, who have tested to their satisfaction the efficacy and wonderful cura- ti\'e powers of the remarkable system which he has brought to such a high degree of effi- ciency. The Doctor's distinguishing ambition has always been a laudable desire to be a trtie healer of men, and through a long and en- couragingly successful career he has subordi- 286 OLD LANDMARKS nated every other consideration to this one im- portant idea. That he has succeeded is abund- antly attested by the high favor with which his remedy has been received by the suffering and the avidity with which it has been adopted by physicians of distinction in Ohio and other states of the Union. What he has ah^eady ac- complished may be accepted as an earnest of a still more successful career and his many friends and admirers in Canton and elsewhere are profuse m their predictions of a future filled to repletion with happy results in the line of his chosen profession. Dr. Keith has been twice married, the first time at Hanoverton, Ohio, in 1865, to Miss Allie Bost, daughter of Dr. Bost, a well-known physician and surgeon of that place. Mrs. Keith died in the town of North Jackson, about the year 1878 ; she was the mother of one son, Harry R., who departed this life when a youth of sixteen. Subsequently the Doctor entered the marriage relation with j\Irs. Jennie Fisher, of Canton, a union without issue. Dr. Keith is a member of the Masonic fraternity, belonging to Canton Lodge No. 60, at Canton ; Canton Chapter No. 34; Council No. 35; Can- ton Commandery No. 38 ; and Emeth Lodge of Perfection. He is also identified with John C. Fremont Post. Grand Army of the Republic, at Alliance, and is an active worker in the organization, nothing affording him greater enjoyment than meeting with his old comrades with whom he shared the terrible realities of war during the trying days when the gallant ship of state was almost stranded upon the rug- ged rocks of discord and disunion. In every relation of life he has been a man among men, firm in his purpose to do the right as he sees and understands the right and discharging as a ioyal American all the duties of citizenship. Personally he is held in high esteem by the peo- ple of his adopted city and in the professional world he occupies a position such as few of his fellow laborers succeed in reaching. JOHN REED POYSER.— The original old-world style of spelling the family name was "Poiser," but for some generations it has been used in its present form. The name is met with frequently in England, France and \\'ales. The emigrant ancestors of the subject came to this country at a very early period and first settled in Fayette (then Westmoreland) county, Pennsylvania. There the subject's grand- father, Joseph Poyser, lived and followed the occupation of fulling and weaving. He mar- ried in Pennsylvania Christina Hielman, who died, and he subsequently married Susan Harrold. In 1809 he emigrated to Ohio, making the long overland journey in wagons, and entered land in Plain township, Stark county. This land, which lay just. west of Nimishillen creek, is now in the possession of the Whiting family. Here Mr. Poyser built a small log house and on the banks of the creek he erected a fulling-mill. In connection with the mill, however, he continued to clear the land and cultivate the soil. Eight years after com- ing to this place he bought a farm in Sugar creek township, selling his former place. There he erected a second fulling-mill on Sugar creek and as before carried on his dual occu- pations. He was prostrated by fever, however, in 1824. and died in comparatively early life, while his widow survived him a number of vears, passing away in the 'fifties. He was a sturdy man, of upright character and a faithful member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Joseph Poyser, father of the subject, was born August 27, 1798, in Eden township, Fayette county, Pennsylvania, on the old home- stead situated on the banks of Oswickly creek, and lived there until he was eleven years old. His mother died when he was but a mere child and in his youth he was enabled to secure but eleven days' schooling. He came to Ohio in 1809, walking the greater part of the distance, and grew to sturdy manhood in the wilderness of Stark county, being compelled to endure CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 287 many hardships. He possessed a rugged con- stitution, else he could not have withstood the tremendous demands made upon his strength and vitality. As a boy he was passionately fond of hunting and made many long excur- sions after game. Upon the death of his father he fell heir to a share of the home farm and followed thereafter the pursuit of agricul- ture. Selling his farm in Sugar creek town- ship in 1832, he came to Canton township in 1833 and there made his home until 1845. when he returned to Sugar Creek township. In 1861 he came back to Canton township and subse- quently removed to the city of Canton, where he resided until his death, March 20, 1877. He was originally a Whig in politics, but upon the formation of the Republican party he affiliated with it and was faithful to its principles all his life. His. religious principles were those em- bodied in the creed of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he was a faithful and consis- tent member. Mr. Poyser was married in Canton to Miss Madeline Reed. She was a native of Maryland, but removed to Fayette county, Pennsylvania, from whence, in 181 1, she came to Stark county, Ohio. She died at Canton on the 2d of November, 1878. John Reed Poyser was born December 9, 1825, at the foot of Swan's Hill, Sugar Creek township, this county, on what is known as the old Nicholas Swan farm. He grew to manhood surrounded by pioneer conditions and was early inured to the rugged toil necessi- tated by the primiti\'e conditions with which he was environed. He developed a splendid phy- sique and was able to endure a great amount of hard toil. An aunt, Jane Poyser. was a school teacher in Sugar Creek township and to her school the subject went in 1833. It was a typi- cal school house of the place and period. It was a round-log, one-story structure, with greased paper windows, a door with wooden hinges, and benches made of split logs with long pegs for legs. Spelling and reading formed the principal studies, but the subject was an apt pupil and endeavored to faithfully make the best use of his opportunities, limited though they \\ere. The school was far from his home and the path through the dense woods was a lonely one, so his father would frequently come to the school in the afternoons to take him home. John R. spent two terms in this school, but his education was then interrupted by the removal of his father to Canton township, where no schools had been formed at that time and the subject was deprived of the privilege of study for the following five years. He was fond of hunting and was a good shot, and dur- ing these five years he indulged his passion to the utmost. In 1838 he resumed his studies in Perry township, arithmetic being at this time added to his other studies. His school days ended in 1842, by which time he had acquired a fair education, though not by any means as complete as he desired. Mr. Poyser remained under the parental roof until in March, 1846, he went to Canton and apprenticed himself to John B. Hoover to learn the trade of carpenter and joiner. He served three years under ver- bal contract and then followed his trade as a journeyman until 1851. He then engaged in contracting on his own account, in which he met with immediate and satisfactory success. The first building he erected was a house for Samuel Smith in Perry township and he after- ward erected many buildmgs in Canton. In 1855 he erected the building formerly owned by the Farmers' Union, but now occupied by Durbin & Wright. He also erected the Harter block, two-thirds of the Eagle block, the Whit- ing and Poyser block and part of the Cassilly buildings. He assisted in the erection of the second court house and constructed many fine dwellings in Canton and vicinity. In all his en- terprises he was uniformly successful, and, be- cause of his painstaking care and strict atten- tion to details, coupled with an evident desire to please all who had dealings with him. he soon 288 OLD LANDMARKS acquired and retained the utmost confidence of all who had dealings with him. In 1891 he gave up tlie contracting business and that year supervised tlie erection of the present postoffice building, a responsible position, and one for which he was well qualified by reason of his previous experience in the building line, .\bout the time his duties in this capacit}' were com- pleted he was elected to the ofiice of county commissioner and was serving in this capacity at the time of the erection of the present county court house. Mr. Poyser became a stockholder in the Bucher & Gibbs Plow Company and is now serving as vice-president of the same. Al- though he does not now take as active part in business affairs as formerly, yet he still retains a keen interest in passing events and keeps in close touch with all questions concerning the varied interests of his city, county or nation. Although now almost seventy-seven years of age, he possesses to a remarkable degree his physical and mental vigor. John R. Poyser was married in Canton, on the 28th of October, 1852, to Miss Mary Mel- len, of that city, the daughter of Patrick and Nora (Lynch) Mellen. Four children have been born to this union, brietlv mentioned as follows : Mary Frances died at the age of nine years ; William J., who is secretary of the Buch- er & Gibbs Plow Company, married Helen Bucher and they are the parents of three chil- dren, Edna. Helen and John R. : Joseph died at the age of three years; Ella is the wife of Frank Alexander, of Canton. Politically, Mr. Poyser was originally a Whig, but upon the formation of the Repub- lican party he identified himself with it and has been firm in his allegiance to its principles. His first vote was cast for Jackson, and he still has a vivid recollection of the Harrison campaign of 1840. He has always taken a keen interest in political matters and in his active years per- formed much effective service in ad\'ancing the interests of his party. i\lr. Poyser, while personally a most unos- tentatious citizen, is well known in the city of his residence as a man of clear foresight and tenacious, resolute purpose, and as possessing the highest type of sag'acity, ingenuity and firmness in overcoming obstacles in the way of his success. And it is also well recognized that his success has not come from lucky chance, but has been the result of his own ability, integ- rity and silent perse\-erance. He has for many years occupied a most prominent place in the business, moral and social life of Canton and is one of those conspicuous figures whose charac- ters h^ve left their impress upon the history of the county and have caused it to be known far and wide for its development of men of acu- men and sound judgment. ARTHUR N. KALEY.— Although a young" man, and but recently admitted to the bar. the subject of this sketch has achieved local distinction as a lawyer and bids fair, at no distant day, to take his place among the successful members of the Stark county bar. His father, Joseph Kaley, a native of Pennsyl- vania, came to Stark county when a boy and is still living here, having reached the age of seventy years. He is a son of John Kaley, who was born in the Keystone state, where his ancestors settled in a very early day. Joseph Kaley, the subject's father, married Miss Marriam Cornelia Warren, who was Ijorn in New York, her father, Levi Nelson Warren, being a native of Shirley, Massa- chusetts. In many respects Mr. Warren was an extraordinary man. After receiving a fine education he read medicine and began the prac- tice, but later devoted much of his attention to wood carving", in which he acquired artistic skill seldom equalled. He was a mechanical genius and could tun: his hand to any kind of workmanship, from the construction of the most intricate piece of machinery to the tracing A. N. KALEY. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 289 of tb.e most delicate artistic designs, besides carving from wood every form of animal and vegetable life. He also traveled extensively over various parts of the world and possessed wide general information as well as superior scholastic and technical attainments. While carving from a piece of oak wood the figure of a dove for the altar of a Presbyterian church in Rochester, New York, ]\Ir. \\'arren met the lady (]\Iiss Phoebe Brown, formerly of Coven- try. Connecticut) who afterwards became his wife. In company with her mother, the young lafly visited the place where he was at work, and while admiring the beautiful figure upon which he was engaged, an acquaintance sprang up between them which, ripening into love, eventually led to marriage. Charles Warren, the father of Levi Nelson Warren, was a dis- tinguished soldier of the Revolution and a near kinsman of General Warren, who fell while gallantly cheering his men at the battle of Bunker Hill. The name is inseparably con- nected with the struggle for independence and for man}- years prior to that time various mem- bers of the family figured conspicuously in the civil and military annals of JNIassachusetts. The original Warrens of New England came to this country to escape religious persecution, bringing with them only such of their wealth as they could hastily collect, leaving behind large and exceedingly valuable estates in the city of London and elsewhere. Owing to the destruction of public records by the great Lon- don fire the descendants of the family have ne\-er been able to establish a legal claim to the property, which now includes a large area in the most populous part of the city, besides valuable estates in the country. Reverting to the personal history of Arthur N. Kaley, it is learned that his birth occurred in Massillon, Ohio, on the ist day of Decem- ber, 1867. At the proper age he entered the city schools, and' in due time passed through the various grades, graduating from the high 18 school in 1886, with the second honors of his class. Immediately thereafter he entered col- lege, but owuig to ill health he was obliged to discontinue his studies a short time before completing the prescribed course, a matter which caused him much regret. There is a time in the experience of every young man when it becomes necessary for him to choose a vocation, and fortunate indeed is he who selects one suited to his tastes and inclinations. In this respect young Kaley has nothing to regret, as he decided upon a profession for which his talents peculiarly fitted him, to-wit, the law. After the usual course of private reading, during which period he held a po- sition as private secretary to an attorney repre- senting large business interests, he entered the law department of the Western Reserve Uni- versity, where he was graduated in 1899 with the degree of Bachelor of Law. Prior to the above date Mr. Kaley made two extensive European tours, one in 1896, the other two years later, visiting in the course of his travels various parts of England, France, Germany, Holland, Belgium and Switzerland. In this way he obtained a practical knowledge of the world, such as colleges and universities fail to impart, enriching his mind by visiting many points of historic interest, coming in close touch W'ith the manners and customs of the people of various countries and becoming familiar with their civic and political institutions. In the fall of 1899 Mr. Kaley was admitted to the bar at Columbus, Ohio, and during the ensuing year practiced his profession in Cleveland, Ohio, building up a fairly lucrative business. Impressed with the idea that his native town afforded a more inviting field, he returned to Massillon, in 1900, and since that year has been engaged in the general practice in this city. As a lawyer he is studious and energetic, well versed in the principles of jurisprudence, and familiar with every detail of practice. Few men of his experience have been more success- 290 OLD LANDMARKS ful and judging from wliat he has already accomplished, it is but natural that his friends predict for him a bright future. In addition to his local practice, ^Ir. Kaley has frequently been interested with large in- terests at distant places, having but recently re- turned from an extended and important business trip through Arizona. New Mexico and other parts of the Southwest. Thus far every matter confided to his care has been attended to with ability and dispatch, and his reputation as a safe and reliable counsellor and shrewd but honorable practitioner has won for him not only a full share of legal patronage, but a worthy standing at a bar distinguished for the learning and professional ability of its members. He is popular in the social circles of his city, as he was also during his residence in Cleveland, and is a most courteous and companionable gentle7 man in every walk of life. Public spirited, he manifests a lively interest in the material pros- perity of the community and to the extent of his ability encourages every enterprise to this end. His ideal of manhood is high and as a citizen his influence has been on the side of right and justice as he understands these terms. He i£ a member of the Board of Trade, and is a member of Massillon Lodge No. 190, Benev- olent Order of Eagles. Religiously he is affil- iated with the Euclid .Avenue Presb}-terian church of Cleveland. DR. JOHN P. SCHILLING is descended from an old family that, for generations, lived near Frankf ort-on-the-Main , and inherits in a marked degree the many amiable qualities and sturdy characteristics for which his ances- tors liave long been noted. His paternal grand- father, who lived in a small village not far from the above city, was an honest, industrious tiller of the soil who owned his small farm and from the most reliable information he appears to have been far in advance of his neighbors and fellow villagers in point of natural mental endowment and acquired intellectual growth. He lived and died on the ancestral estate, leaving two sons, the older of whom succeeded to the farm, and the younger, John, became a distinguished physician both in his land and the United States. John Schilling was born near Frankfort-on- the-Main, Germany, in the year 1795, spent his youthful years on the old homestead and un- til the age of fourteen attended the schools of his native town. In his fifteenth year he was provided with a private tutor, under whose instructions he was prepared for the German Gymnasium, an institution in which boys were fitted for college, and after finishing his course in the latter his parents used their utmost en- deavors to have him prosecute his studies further, with the object in view of taking the holy orders. Not pleased with the idea of entering the priesthood, the young" man de- murred, assigning as a reason for his objection to the church the fact that he had long con- templated devoting his life to the medical pro- fession, for which he early manifested a decided inclination. Animated by this resoh-e, he at once \\ent to work to earn means to defray the expenses of a medical education, and while thus engaged addressed himself to a preliminary course of study, after which he entered the University of W'urtzburg, recently made famous by the discovery of the Roentgen or X-ray by Dr. Roentgen, one of its professors. John Schilling became a student in this noted institution wiien a young man, was graduated therefrom with an honorable record in the year 1825, and immediately thereafter began the practice of his profession in the city of Wurtz- berg, remaining there for several years. Shortly after receiving his degree he was united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth Schroeder, who was born in a village near the city of Frankfort, her father, Philip Schroeder, being a native of that part of Germany and a farmer CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 291 of wealth and high social standing. Mrs. Schilling had one brother, Coin^ad Schroeder, who became a man of more than local promi- nence in his native land, receiving a fine liter- ary education and thorough military training in one of the finest military institutions of Germany. He served with distinction in the German army and had he seen fit to remain so would doubtless have risen high in military circles. In 1836 he came to America and set- tled in Kentucky and when the Mexican war broke out he entered the service of the United States as a captain in a regiment recruited in that state. He made an honorable record as a soldier, his superior military training and handsome figure winning not only the un- bounded conhdence of his superiors, but also the admiration and love of his immediate com- mand, his company winning distinction as the best drilled and in every respect the most efficient body of men in the army. While lead- ing his men against a formidable position, he received a severe wound, but continued in action until the enemy were driven away and the American flag planted on the rampart. He studied law in his native land and some time after locating in Kentucky he was elected to official station, holding at different times vari- ous positions, prominent among which was that of court interpreter, as he was a fine linguist, conversing fluently in several languages. Mr. Schroeder married into a Louisville family of high social rank, his wife being noted for her intellectual attainments and varied culture. He died in the above city about the year 1880, at the age of seventy, while his widow still sur- vives, making her home at this time in Balti- more, Maryland. Thinking to better his financial condition in the L^nited States, of which country he had re- ceived many flattering reports from friends who had settled some years before in Tuscara- was county, Ohio. Dr. John Schilling and family set sail in 1836 from the port of Havre, France, and after an uneventful but weary voyage of nine weeks' duration landed at their destination in the city of Baltimore. From there they proceeded by canal and part of the way by team to Ohio, finally reaching the vil- lage of Bolivar, in the county of Tuscarawas. Learning of his arrival Dr. Schilling's old friends came out en masse to greet and welcome him, to his new home in what was then little less than a wilderness, the only residences being rude log cabins situated in clearings which were mere niches in the surrounding forests. In view of the glowing colors in which the beauties and advantages of the new west had been depicted in the letters he had previously received, the wild condition of the country and the primitive maner of living afforded the Doctor anything but an encouraging prospect and when he compared the log dwelling with the beautiful home which he had left behind, the outlook became more and more dishearten- ing. Determined not to be cast down nor to give way to his dismal forebodings, he made the most of the situation and opening an office at Bolivar soon had all he could do in minister- ing to the sick in the village and surrounding territory. After remaining about one and a half years at the above place he removed to a larger and more remunerative field in the town of Louisville, Stark county, where he practiced with a high degree of professional and financial success until the spring of 1842, when he changed his location to Osnaburg, also- in the county of Stark. During the ten years following. Dr. Schill- ing enjoyed a large and lucrative practice and achieved distinction as a scholarly and emi- nently successful physician in all lines of his profession. By reason of failing health, super- induced by too close application to his duties, he discontinued the practice in 1852 and moved to the city of Crestline, where, for a period of eighteen months, he was engaged in the drug business. At the expiration of that time, with 292 OLD LANDMARKS his bodily powers greatly restored, he resumed his professional duties at Louisville and con- tinued the same with his accustomed energy and success until his death, at the age of eighty- seven years, nnie months and twenty-seven days. His wife preceded him to the grave by about thirteen years, dying at Louisville of apoplexy at the age of sixty-one. Dr. John Schilling not only achieved prominence in the chosen calling, but became distinguished as a public-spirited man and repre- sentative citizen. He took a decided stand for all enterprises looking to the material and in- dustrial adva'ncement of the various places in' which he lived, and was equally interested in promoting the social, intellectual and moral condition of the people with whom he mingled. Originally a Democrat, he advocated the princi- ples of th^t party until the organization of the Republican party, when he transferred his al- legiance to the latter and continued one of its active and earnest supporters to the end of his days. Up to within a short time of his death he was not identified with any church organization, although a firm believer in re- vealed religion, but about three years preced- ing his demise he united with the Reformed church and remained a faithful communicant of the same until called to the higher life. John and Elizabeth Schilling were the par- ents of eight children, whose names are as follows: Katharine, torn in Germany in 1834, married, in Louisville, Ohio, J, G. Prenot, who died some years ago in Stark county; she is still li\ ing" in the above town, where her friends and associates are many. Conrad, the second of the family, was bom in Bolivar, Ohio", and died in childhood. John also died when young, as did a third son, who also bore the name of John. The sixth in order of birth is the direct subject of this sketch, after whom came Edward, whose birth occurred in 1845; he married Miss Ella TvIcGregor, daughter of Archibald Mc- Gregor, editor of the Stark County Democrat, and at the present time lives in Goshen, Lidi- ana. Matilda, the youngest of the number, married William H. Miller, of Louisville, and is now deceased. In tracnig the career of Dr. John P. Schill- ing, of this review, it is learned that his birth occurred on the ist day of September, 1840, in Louisville, Stark county, Ohio, and that when six months old his parents changed their residence to the town of Osnaburg. There the lad grew to his twelfth year, meantime acquir- ing a knowledge of the elementary branches of learning in the village schools. From Osna- burg he accompanied the family to Crestline and after spending the greater part of two years in that city returned to Louisville, where he finished his public school training at the age of fifteen, subsequently prosecuting his studies for a period of four years in a seminary in the county of Summit. Having decided upon the medical profession as a career best suited to his abilities and tastes, young Schilling began his preliminary reading under his father's di- rection and later attended one course of lec- tures in the Western Reserve Medical College, after which he entered Starling Medical College at Columbus, completing the prescribed course and graduating in 1864. At that time the great Ci\-il war was being waged and believing it to be the duty of e\-ery loyal son of the North to render to the government all the service with- in their power, the A'oung Doctor, in May, 1864, was commissioned assistant surgeon of the Thirty-fourth Regiment Ohio Volunteer In- fantry, which formed a part of General Cook's command, operating in the Kanawha and Shen- andoah valleys, Virginia. \\''hile with this regi- ment Dr. Schilling formed the acquaintance of William McKinley, at that time holding the office of first lieutenant, and between the two a warm friendship soon sprang up, which con- tinued unabated until the death of the lamented President by the murderous bullet of a coward- Iv assassin. Onlv one week before the fatal CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 293 missile was fired the Doctor had a very pleasant interview with the President, in the progress of which they referred to tiie thrilhng experiences of their mihtary Hfe in the valley of theShenan- doah and to other incidents interesting and en- dearing to the hearts of the soldiers. Dr. Schill- ing participated in a number of noted battles, prominent among which was the engagement at Cedar Creek, in the Shenandoah valley, made famous by Sheridan's famous ride, in which he turned defeat into victory, a feat such as the great Napoleon with all his matchless genius in warfare never accomplished. The Doctor saw the bold, intrepid commander on his wild, daring dash and witnessed the wonderful efifect of his thrilling- commands, while rallying the disheartened, scattering troops and leading them back to meet the enemy where victory was snatched from the very grasp of defeat and dis- aster. In the battle at Beverly, West Virginia, the Thirty-fourth Ohio was surrounded by over- whelming numbers and captured, the Doctor being among the few that succeeded in making their escape. After this event the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-sixth Regiments were consolidated and the Doctor, rendered supernumerary by virtue of consolidation, was mustered out of service, though at the solicitation of the surgeon general of Ohio, he accepted the po- sition of acting assistant surgeon United States Volunteers and later was commissioned an as- sistant surgeon of the Eighty-eighth Ohio Regiment, with which regiment he remained un- til the close of the war, being mustered out July 4, 1865. At the close of the war he re- turned to his home at Louisville and resumed the practice of medicine, which he continued there until his removal to the city of Canton, on the 13th of September, 1901. Concerning his ability and high standing in the professional world there is a remarkable consensus of opinion to the effect that few physicians and surgeons have enjoyed as uni- form success and that none in this part of the state occupy a more commanding station in the confidence and esteem of the public. By long and critical study he has so enlarged the area of his professional intelligence as easily to stand in the front rank of Stark county's most scholarly healers, while his deft touch, sympa- thizi)ig presence and rare capacity in winning the confidence of both patients and their friends mark him as possessing the essential attributes of the ideal family physician. His reputation as a man and citizen is commensurate with the distinction achieved in the line of his duties as a healer of men, occupying as he does a con- spicuous place in the regard of his fellow citi- zens and encouraging by his influence and frequently in a more positive and forceful way all measures having for their object the general welfare of the community. He belongs to various medical societies and takes an active interest in their deliberations. In politics Dr. Schilling is a Republican, and he is proud of the fact of having cast his first vote for Abraham Lincoln in the presi- dential election of 1864. Although firm in the support of his opinions, his professional duties have been such as to prevent him from taking a verv active part in political affairs and he is least of all an office seeker or an aspirant for public honors. At one time he was prevailed upon to run for coroner, an office to which he was elected by an overwhelming majority, but before the expn-ation of his term he resigned the position the better to devote his attention ex- clusively to the wants of his patients. His fraternal relation includes membership with the ALasonic brotherhood and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, both of which organi- zations he has been zealous in upholding and the principles of which he has reduced to prac- tice in his daily life. Dr. Schilling's married life began at Mans- field, Ohio, where he was united in the bonds of wedlock with Miss Catherine Matthias, 294 OLD LANDMARKS whose bii'tli occurred near Gallon, this state, on the 2d day of October, 1840. Mrs. Schilling is the daughter of Michael and Fran- ces ^Matthias and was reared and educated near where she first saw the light of day. The oldest child of Dr. and Mrs. Schilling is Charles E., who was born in 1868, graduated at the early age of twenty-two from the \Vestern Re- serve Medical College, at Cleveland, and is now a successful physician, with a large and lucrative practice . He married Miss Lora Putt, a young lady of education and excellent social position, and is the father of one daughter, Katln'yn. Fred \\'., the second son, also a physician and surgeon, was born on the 2d day of January, 1872, in an almnus of the Ohio Medical University at Columbus and has be- fore him a futiu^e of great promise and useful- ness. Ida May, whose birth took place April 21. 1874. is the wife of Dr. C. A. Walker, of Louisville, this county, and has two children, Nellie f 'iiilida and Helen May, the second name of the former being" a combination of the first names of the subject and the child's mother. ^^'ILLIAM HARRISON LITTLE was born in Damascus, Columbiana county, Ohio, on the 27th of December, 1844, being the son of William and Nancy (Jobs) Little, the former of ^^•hom was born in \\'ashington county, Pennsylvania, in 1813, while the latter was born in the same county, in 181 7. They were reared and educated in their native county and there their marriage was solemnized. In 1839 they came to Ohio and located in Steubenville, Jefferson county, whence shortly afterward they removed to Columbiana county, locating in the village of Damascus, where he engaged in the manufacture of washboards and other uten- sils, while he also served as constable of his township for a number of years, having been incumbent of this office at the time of his death, which occurred in 1848, his final resting place being in the cemetery at Damascus. His widow still survives him, having attained the venerable age of eighty-seven years, and she makes her home in Damascus, Ohio. Of their children we enter the following brief record : Louis J. died at the age of sixty years; Elizabeth is the wife of Jessie Dixson, of Damascus, Ohio ; Will- iam H. is the immediate subject of this sketch; Dilworth met his death while serving as a sol- dier in the Union army during the Rebellion, his death occurring in Natchez, Mississippi, at the age of nineteen years, and Joseph L. is a resident of Martin's Ferry, Belmont county, Ohio. William H. Little, the subject of this re- view, passed his early boyhood days in Damas- cus, Ohio, where he began his educational train- ing in the common schools. At the age of sev- en years he went to Jennings county, Indiana, where he lived in the home of Samuel Stanley until he had attained the age of fourteen years, assisting in the work of the farm and contin- uing his studies in the district school during the three months' winter terms. He continued to reside in Indiana until i860, when he re- turned to Oliio. and on the 29th of August, 1862. at ]\Iassillon, this county, he was mus- tered in as a private of Company B, One Hun- dred and Fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Soon afterward his regiment was ordered to Fort Mitchell, at Covington, Kentucky, just across the Ohio river from Cincinnati, where the command was stationed to protect the latter city from the raid of General Kirby Smith. After three days' battle General Smith retreated and was forced to leave Kentucky. Later Mr. Little participated in the battle of Richmond, that state, where he received a severe wound in the shoulder, being confined to the hospital for two months, at the expiration of which he received his honorable discharge. Thirty days later, not being able to carry a musket, he re- enlisted for service, becoming a member of the Twelfth Ohio Volunteer Cavalrv, with which CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 295 he took part in the battles of Saltville, Virginia ; Cynthiana, Kentucky ; Kingsport and Bristol, Tennessee; and Abingdon, Virginia, in which last engagement he recei\-ed a \\'Ound in the right wrist. At Marion, Virginia, where the command participated in a three days' fight, his horse was shot from under him and he re- ceived a saber wound in the right leg during a cavalry charge. Later his regiment returned to Saltville and assisted in capturing the place, b)' defeating Genera! Breckenridge, the Union forces taking one thousand prisoners at the time. The regiment was then placed on detail to guard these prisoners during their removal to Rock Island, Illinois, and he then rejoined his regiment, with which he was taken prisoner by the Confederate forces in North Carolina, in December, 1864. With others of his unfor- tunate conn'ades he was marched one hundred and twenty miles in five days, at the expiration of which time each of them were given one pint of corn meal, ground cob and all. for a five days' rations, and they were then incarcerated in the famous Libby prison, at Richmond, the Confederate capital, where Mr. Little was held captive for three months and seven days, suf- fering" the horrors and privations which made that prison so notorious in the history of the war. When he entered the prison his weight was (ine hundred and fifty pounds, and upon being paroled, in February, 1865. his a\ eight was only seventy-two pounds, which fact is sufticiently significant of what he endured. Af- ter being released he rejoined his regiment, and on the 6th of April. 1S65, three da3rs before the surrender of General Lee, in Dallas. North Car- olina, Mr. Little received a gunshot wound in his right elbow, permanently crippling the arm, and owing to his injury he was not able to re- turn to his home until August, 1865. After the close of his long and gallant serv- ice in defense of the integrity of the LTnion Mr. Little returned to Ohio, locating in Bellaire, Belmont county, where he secured a position as bookkeeper for the Baltimore & Ohio Rail- road Company, while later he became a member of the police force of that place. He resigned this position in 1890 and removed to Canton. Here he was first employed in a clerical capac- ity by Berry & Davis, street-paving contractors, and later he was for three years bookkeeper in the ofiice of the recorder of Stark county. Since that time he has given his attention and has continuously engaged as traveling salesman for the E. C. Harley Company, of Dayton, and has gained a high degree of popularity with his trade and the entire confidence and esteem of his company. In. politics J\Ir. Little gives a stanch alle- giance to the Republican party and takes an active interest in its cause. While a resident of Bellaire he was clerk of the Iioard of educa- tion from 1885 to 1889, and prior to that had served four years in the office of township clerk. He and his wife are members of the Simpson Methodist Episcopal church, and they have the high regard of the community. Fraternally Mr. Little is a member of William McKinley Post No. 25, Grand Army of the Republic; Canton Castle No. 11, of the Chevaliers : Oliver Wendell Holmes Council No. 41, Junior Order of United American Mechanics, and U. S. Grant Council No. 35, Senior Order of L'nited American Mechanics. On the 4th of July, 1873, at Bellaire, Ohio, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Little to Miss Vetura Fowler, who was born in Belmont county, Ohio, being a daughter of Thomas and Cynthia (Campbell) Fowler, the former of whom was a farmer and carpenter by vocation. Of the children of Mr. and Mrs. Little we enter the following record, with respective dates of birth in connection with each name: Mento May. July 20, 1875 J Howard Hayes. Febru- ary 6, 1877; Charles Luzerne, August 19, 1879; Harry Joseph, September 22, 1881 : Dil- worth Delbers, June 2, 1883: William Groves, who was born No\-ember 13. 1884. died on the 296 OLD LANDMARKS 28th of March, 1887; and Anna Elizabeth, born January 30, 1887. Howard H. was united in marriage, m i902„to Miss Ethel M. Foos, of Canton, and the other children still remain at the parental iiome. JOHN WILLIS comes of a long line of staunch English ancestors, but the name has been identihed with the annals of the Emerald Isle for several generations, since the parental grandfather of the suliject was a soldier in the army of King William, Prince of Orange, as was also one of his brothers and with their king the}- crossed over into Ireland to join the mon- arch's brother Edward and support him in the subjugation of the Emerald Isle, and there the Willis brothers remained after the close of the war, having received grants of land and become freeholders there. Philip Willis, father of the subject, was born near the city of Belfast, Ire- land, and his entire mature life was devoted to agricultural pursuits in his native isle, where he died in 1840. His wife, whose maiden name was Isabella McLean, was a native of Scotland, being a daughter of William and Hannah (Tuft) McLean, and she long survived her husband, having joined her children in the United States in 1868, and having died in Stark county, Ohio, in 1879. Philip and Hannah Willis became the parents of sixteen children, of whom six are living at the present time, in- cluding the four sons and one daughter who came to America. John Willis was born in Belfast. Ireland, on the 17th of March, 1830, the day recognized as the anniversary oi the birth of the patron saint of the Emerald Isle, St. Patrick. He at- tended in his native place the parochial schools of the church of England and at the age of fifteen years he entei'ed upon a live years' ap- prenticeship at the trade of house carpenter, and during this interval he continued his edu- cational training by attending night school three nights in each week. He became a master workman and continued to follow his trade in Ireland for three years after completing his apprenticeship and then, in 1853, having saved enough money through his labors to defray the expense of his passage to America, as well as that of a younger brother, Daniel, who is now a successful farmer of Rice county, Kansas, the two proceeded to Greenwich, Scotland, where they embarked on the sailing vessel, "Zion's Hope," Captain Connor, and after seven weeks and three days had elapsed from the time when the boat weighed anchor, the two brothers landed in the city of New York, the subject of this review being at the time twenty- three }-ears of age. It may be noted that they set sail on the 3d of April of the year men- tioned. The young men came from New York to Ohio, to join their cousins who had pre- viously located in Tuscarawas county. They came from the city of Buffalo to Cleveland, Ohio, by boat on Lake Erie, and thence to Fort Washington, Tuscarawas county, by the canal. Daniel Willis later went to Peoria, Illinois, where he joined other cousins, and finally he took up his residence in Kansas, as has already been intimated. Shortly after his arrival in Tuscarawas county John Willis secured employment in New Philadelphia, working for Hugh Mitchell, father of Dr. Hugh Mitchell, who is now one of the representative physicians of Canton. In the autumn. of the same year Mr. Willis came to Massillon. Stark county, and here he worked at his trade, having assisted in the erection of the first sash and door factory in that place, while he was there in the employ of the firm of Russell & Company, manufacturers of thresh- ing machines, for the period of nine years, and at the expiration of this interval, in the year 1861, he came to Canton, where he secured em- ployment in the wood-working department of the C. Aultman Company's plant, being thus engaged about three years, within which time JOHN WILLIS. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 297 he enlisted, in the one hundred days" service, as a private in the One Hundred and Forty- fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, thus manifest- ing his intrinsic loyalty to the land of his adop- tion. After the close of the war Mr. Willis engaged in business on his own responsibility, purchasing of the firm of Grimminger & Fred- ericks a small shop on Dewalt street, between Ninth and Tenth streets, and here engaging in general carpenter work. About two years later Mr. Willis purchased two lots on Eighth street, east of Cherry street, and here he built a larger shop, which he equipped with the requisite machinery, and here engaged in the manu- facture of sash, doors and blinds, his able man- agement of the enterprise causing it to rapidly expand in scope and importance, and here he continued operations until 1898, when he sold the land to the Pennsylvania Railroad Com- pany, and then erected his present plant, on the opposite side of, the street. Through his own industry and well-directed effort during the long years of his residence in Canton he has at- tained success of no indefinite order, building up a large and important enterprise in his line and gaining prestige as one of the reliable and progressive business men of the city, while. he has so demeaned himself in all the relations of life as to retain the unbounded confidence and regard of his fellow men. In politics he is a staunch Republican, his first presidential vote having been cast for John C. Fremont, the first candidate of the "grand old party," and from that time to the present he has been a stalwart advocate of its principles and policies. He was reared in the faith of the Presbyterian church, and he and his family are valued members of the Calvary Presbyterian church of Canton. Mr. Willis joined the Masonic fraternity in Ireland, when twenty-one years of age, and is now a member of Canton Lodge No. 60. In Massillon, this county, in September, 1S54, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Willis to i\Iiss Mary Ann Benskin, wdio was born in the town of Margaret, near London, England, on the 14th of February, 1S34. The coincidence of her having been born on St. Valentine's day and her husband on St. Pat- rick's day may be consistently noted in this connection. When Mrs. Willis was eight years of age her parents emigrated to the United States, her father, George Benskin, having located in Stark county and having been en- gaged in contracting in Massillon, where he died. Of the ten children born to Mr. and Mrs. Willis, the following is an epitomized record : Isabella is the first wife of Orr Day, of Cleve- land, Ohio, and they have one son, Berne. Mary, who was a popular and successful teach- er in the schools of Stark county, died at the age of twenty-two years. Harriet is the wife of Albert Wherry, of Canton. William J- died in Massillon, in 1864. Sarah is the wife of John Little, of Canton, and they have had nine children, Ruth (deceased), Harry, Edwin, Frank, Willis, Ralph, Roy, Hazel and Wilber. Lincoln, the sixth in order of birth, was born in the city of Canton, on the 8th of September, 1866, and he secured his educational discipline in the public schools. At the age of fifteen years he began an apprenticeship at the car- penter trade under the eft'ective direction of his father, later becoming associated with the work of the factory, and during the greater portion of the time since his early youth he has been connected with his father's business, being an able and enterprising young business man, and he is now junior member of the firm of Willis & Willis. On the nth of August, 1888, he was united in marriage to Miss Elizaljeth Burt- scher, of Canton, and they have two cliildren, Earl and Ethel. Grant, who is eng-aged in bookkeeping in Canton, married Miss Leith LTighway, of this city, and they have four children, Edna, Irma, Helen and Walter. Emma remains at the parental home. Jeanette 298 OLD LANDMARKS is a successful school teacher at Ispheming, Michigan. Edith is tlie wife of Wilson Beeler, of Akron, Ohio. EUGENE W. HAHN is a native son of Stark county, having been born in the city of Massillon, on the Sth of July, 1876. His father. Christian E. Hahn, was born in Germany, in the year 1847, and there he was educated and there learned the trade of shoemaking. At the age of seventeen years he came to America, landing in New York city, whence he proceeded to Harrisburg. Pennsylvania, where he found employment at his trade, thence removed some- what later to Tyrone, that state, from which ]joint he came to Massillon. Stark county, about the year 1867, where he remained a number of years. He there married ]\Iiss Louisa Schwier, who was born in Canton, this county, in 1849, being a daugh- ter of Jacob and Margaret Schwier, who were born and reared in Germany, where their mar- riage was solemnized. Upon their emigration to America tliey were forty days in making the voyage, on a sailing vessel, which was ice- bound for some time off the coast of New I'^onndland. fn 1S91 Christian E. and Louisa Hahn came from Massillon to Canton, where they still continue to reside, and here the former is engaged in the work of his trade, being a man of sterling character and one who has the re- spect of all who know him. He is a Democrat in his political proclivities and both he and his wife are devoted members of the r.ntheran church. Of their children we enter the follow- ing brief record : Charles is a resident of Lo- rain, Ohio, where he is engaged in railroading-; Delia is the wife of John Kropf, of Canton; Eugene W. is the immediate subject of this review; and Laura, Theodore and Anna remain at the parental home. Christian Hahn, the grandfather of the subject, came to the United States prior to the war of the Rebellion. Iiis wife liaving died in Germany, while Christian E. was their only child. Grandfather Hahn rendered valiant service as a Union soldier dur- ing the Civil war and he is now living in the National Soldiers' Home at Dayton, Ohio, being about eighty-three years of age at the time of this writing. Eugene W. Hahn .secured his early edu- cational training in JNIassillon and was fifteen years of age at the time of his parents' re- moval thence to Canton. He had been a mem- ber of the first class in the Massillon high school, and he continued his studies in the Can- ton public schools. Here, at the age of si.xteen years, he entered upon an apprenticeship in the establishment of the Canton Engraving Com- pany, of which he is now the proprietor, and after serving without pay for a period of six months he was recompensed for his services by the payment of two dollars per week, while thereafter he secured an increase in salar\- eveiy six months until he was receiving six- teen dollars a week, having become an expert in the line of wood engraving. He finally be- came the head wood engraver of the establish- ment, while with the advancement made in the art. by the adoption of other methods and pro- cesses, he kept in close touch, so that he is thoroughly skilled in all the lines of production demanded for commercial and other uses. Lt 1901 ^Ir. Hahn became associated with Ed Nclins in the purchase of the business with which he had so long been identified, and the latter withdrew from the firm in 1902, since which time the subject has been the sole owner of the business, which he has made one of the most successful order, having the management of all branches and handling work for all the large manufactories of Canton, while he also recei\es a representative trade from outside sources, the same ramifying into diverse sec- tions of the Union. Li politics he is a stanch advocate of the principles of the Democratic party and has taken an active interest in its CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 299 cause, in a local way. He was reared in the faith of the Lutheran church, while his wife is a member of the United Evangehcal church. On tlie 25th of October, 1900, Mr. Hahn was united in marriage to Miss Ethel Tal- bott, a daughter of Joseph Talbott, of Canton, where she was born and reared, and they have one son. Raymond Stanley, who was born on the 25th of December, 1902. CHARLES E. STUDER, vice-president of the Canton Buggy^ Company and one of the enterprising young business men of the city, is a native of Ohio, born December 20, 1879, in Strasburg. Tuscarawas county. His father, Edward Studer, a native of Switzerland, was brought to the L^^nited States at the age of seven years and grew to maturity in Holmes county, Ohio, marrying there, when a young man, Miss Mary Zurcher, who also was of Swiss birth. Shortly after their marriage ]\Ir. and Mrs. Studer settled on a farm in Tuscarawas coimty where the former still lives, the latter having died on the 15th day of August, 1900. Charles E. Studer remained at home until his eighteenth year, attended the public schools of winter seasons and during the other months assisted his father with the work of the farm. At the above age he borrowed a few hundred dollars and went \\ est, making his way as far as Bloomfield, Nebraska, where for about one and a half years he worked for his cousin. Julius Stahl. on the latter's ranch, devoting his atten- tion during that time to cattle herding and agri- cultural pursuits. Satisfied with his western experience, Mr. Studer. at the expiration of the above time, returned liDme and after a brief stay there came to Canton and began working at carriage painting for the Canton Buggy Company, the same concern of which he is now vice-president. He soon became an efficient painter, and, commanding good wages, saved his monev so that when a few vears later the compan\' was reorganized he was able to purchase an interest. As reorgan- ized the personnel of the company was as follows : D. L. Tschantz, president ; Charles E. Studer, vice-president, and Frank H. Hoffer, secretary and treasurer. As thus constituted the firm continued on a successful and steadily growing business until the failure in health of Mr. Hoffer. after which ]^Iessrs. Studer and Tschantz purchased that gentle- man's interest and have since managed the af- fairs of the concern and built up a large and lucrative patronage. Mr. Studer is a self-made man and his ad- vancement within a few years from a humble subordmate beginning to the present influential position he occupies in industrial and commer- cial circles, shows him the possessor of those strong powers of mind and the superior Ijusi- ness ability which never fail to win success. In politics Mr. Studer is a Republican, with Pro- hibition tendencies, being an uncompromising enemy of the liquor traffic and believing pro- hibiting legislation to be the only eft'ective means to rid the country of the dram shop. On November 20, 1902, Mr. Studer con- tracted a matrimonial alliance with i\Iiss Flor- ence Schnake, daughter of Charles and Sophia Schnake, both parents residents of Canton, but of German descent. Mr. and Mrs. Studer are' acti\-e members of the United Brethren church of Canton and for some years past he has been assistant superintendent of the Sunday school, is president of the choir and general steward of the congregation. He is zealous in all lines of religious and charitable endeavor, stands high in the esteem of his fellow citizens and for one of his age has made his influence felt beyond the majority of men. VARIAN S. COREY was born in Bed- ford, province of Quebec, Canada, on the loth of January, 1863, being a son of Norman and 300 OLD LANDMARKS Angelia (Best) Corey, the former of whom was Hkewise born in Bedford, while the latter was born at North Stanbridge, same province, their marriage being solemnized in Bedford about the year 1859. The date of the nativity of Norman Corey was .1807, while his wife was born in 1834. The fatlier is now deceased, the subject of this sketch having been their only child. His paternal grandparents were natives of the United States, having been members re- spcctixely of old New York and Rhode Island families of English extraction, while the grand- father devoted his life to argicultural pursuits, ha\ing removed to the province of Quebec, Canada, when a young man. Norman Corey was a contractor and builder, following this vacation during his entire active business ca- reer. He died in Bedford, Canada, in 1892, while his wife is living in Canada. V'arian Seward Corey, the immediate sub- ject of this review, attended the public schools of his native town until he had attained the age of sixteen years, at which time he entered upon an apprenticeship at the trade of machinist, serving the required period of three years in shops at Mystic, Canada, and after completing his apprenticeship he continued to work at his trade about eight years, in the Walbridge Ma- chine Works, at Mystic, this concern manu- facturing all kinds of machinery. He had early manifested a distinct predilection and capacit\' for mechanical pursuits, and through his thor- ough apprenticeship and subsequent experience and experimentation he became a skilled arti- san. After leaving the employ of the Wal- bridge Company Mr. Corey removed to Spring- field. Massachusetts, where he continued to fol- low his trade for a time in the shops of the Springfield Glue & Emery Wheel Company, and later was for one year with the Hampden Watch Company, in that city. When this con- cern was merged into the Duelaer-Hampden Watch Company and the \\-orks were removed to Canton, Ohio, in 1888. Mr. Corcv came here and has e\er since continued in the employ of the company. For a time before leaving Can- ada he was in the employ of the Southeastern Railroad, which is now a portion of the Can- adian Pacific system. In politics Mr. Corey is a stanch supporter of the cause of the Repub- lican party and he and his wife are members of the First Methodist Episcopal church of Canton. Mr. Corey was formerly a teacher in the Sunday school and was also for a time superintendent of the [Methodist Sunday school at Mystic, Canada. Fraternally he is identi- fied with McKinley Lodge No. 431. Free and Accepted ]\Iasons ; with Canton Tent No. 1 1 , Knights of the Maccabees, and with Canton Lodge No. 589, Knights of Pythias. In Canton, on the 17th of June, 189 1, [\lr. Corey was united in marriage to ^liss Etha Esther Webb, a daughter of George N. Webb, a representative of one of the pioneer families of Canton, and at present a resident of the city, specific reference being made to him on another page of this volume. Mrs. Corey was born and reared in Canton, receiving her edu- cation in the iniblic schools. ]\Ir. and JNIrs. Corey are the parents of two children. Marian and Norman. J. H. SHARER.— The furniture bouse of J. H. Sharer & Son is the oldest establishment of the kind continuously in the business in Ohio. Pliilip Sharer, its founder, was a native of Germany from rtear Manheim, He landed in New York, August i. 1837, after a perilous voyage of sixty-eight days. The panic of that year had so depressed business in the metrop- olis that it was impossible to procure a day's work and after four weeks of persistent effort his limited n.icans became exhausted, he left his trunk and its contents as security for a board bill, and started out on foot for Pitts- burg. For six weeks he tramped, begging his wav through New Tersev and Pennsylvania, C2^^^}^^m^ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 301 LHitil reaching Adanisburg-, Westmoreland conntv, where lie got work at the carpenter's trade at thirt_v-seven and a half cents a day of fourteen or sixteen hours. He remained there for foiu- years, when he was married and start- id west again on foot, accompanied by his young ivife, his tools and their few household neces- sities being all carried on a small one-horse wagon. Reaching Freedom, now a part of A.l!iance, Ohio, October i, 1841, he started a :abinet shop, continuing at the furniture and undertaking business until 1882, when he re- ared, his death occurring in 1889 in his se\- ;nty-iiinth year. It was in this little hamlet of Freedom, ,on. Ohio, and March i, 1863, he was assigned o Post B at the same place. October i, 1863, VIr. Sharer rejoined the regiment and went to rennessee, but on May i, 1864, he was de- :ached from the company and made principal nusician of the regiment and leader of its band, A^hich position he retained until the close of the ,var, retm-ning home July 5, 1865. and resum- ing his place at the work bench \acated three years before. He has continued the furniture and undertaking business in the same building ever since. The business was conducted in the name of Philip Sharer from 1841 to 1868, Philip Sharer & Son from 1868 to 1882, J. H. Sharer from 1882 to 1898, in the latter year his youngeest son, Roscoe T., being admitted to the' firm, since when it has been known as J. H. Sharer & Son. The subject became a charter member of the first Grand Army Post in Alliance in 1866, serving as aid on the staff of se\eral department and national commanders. He was appointed on the Stark coiuity soldiers' relief commission on the passage of the law, and has been appointed for sixteen consecutive years. He served as master of Alliance Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, eight years, and also as high priest of the chapter. When enrolled in the army Mr. Sharer's occupation was given as undertaker, and hav- ing gained much practical knowledge in this line during the war he had an abiding faith in the benefits that would come to- the general public when the purposes for which the ad- vanced men in the profession were striving could once be understood. He joined in a call for a convention of undertakers at Columbus in June, 1881, where a state association was formed, of which he was elected secretary, and for ten consecutive years unanimously chosen, eight as secretary and two as president. He was also a delegate to the first national convention, where an association was formed, and was chairman of the national executive committee until 1886, when elected secretary and unanimously chosen for twelve vears, ten years as secretary and two years as president. In 1 90 1 he was appointed chairman of a com- mittee to draft and secure the passage of a law to regulate the practice of embalming in Ohio, so as to prevent the spread of contagious and infectious disease, and provide for the better protection of life and health. The 302 OLD LANDMARKS matter was taken up and prosecuted with vigor until April 30. 1902, when the act was passed and an embalmer's law placed on the statute books. The law pro- vides for an examining Ijoard, consisting of three practical practicing embalmers appointed by the governor, the president and secretary of the state board of health to be ex-oflficio members. When the Iward was named. Mr. Sharer received the thr^e-year appointment without solicitation and when it organized for work he was unanimously chosen secretary and treasurer. There were fifteen hundred embalmers in the state to be licensed and it became his duty to systematize the work, ar- range for all examinations, prepare the ques- tions and issue the licenses, which was all ac- complished within the provisions of the law, without confusion, dissatisfaction or the humil- iation of any embalmers of the state. In pol- itics he is a Kepublican, in religious faith Presbyterian. Mr. Sharer was happily married, in 1868, to Miss Mary L. Hartzell, of North Benton, Ohio, and to this union eight children were born, two dying in infancy. Those living are William P., cashier of the First National Bank of Wellsville, Ohio; John C, an optician and attorney at law ; Roscoe T. is the business partner of the subject; Mrs. W. H. Morgan, Mrs. E. E. Brosius and Miss Grace, all of Alliance. During his experience as an under- taker, covering a period of almost a half cen- tury, the subject has personally conducted over five thousand funerals, but has now retired from the active part of the work, which is en- tirely in charge of his son and partner, Roscoe T. Sharer. FRED WILHELM, who for the past sev- enteen years has been identified with the com- mercial interests of Canton, was born in North Industry, Stark county, Ohio, August 30, 1863. His father. Frederick Wilhelm, was a native of Germany, torn in the year 1814, and when a young man came to the United States, settling near North Industry, where he engaged in the manufacture of lime. The subject's mother was ^Madeline Elsesser, also a native of Ger- many. She was married in this countr)^ spent the greater part of her life in Stark county and died some years ago at her home in North In- dustry, at the age of sixty-eight. She was born and reared a Catholic and remained loyal to her church through life, her husband being a Luth- eran in his religious belief. The early years of Frederick Wilhelm were spent at the place of his birth and he re- ceived a good common school education, mean- time as soon as old enough becoming acquaint- ed with life's practical duties by assisting his father in operating the latter's lime kilns. Later while still a youth in his teens he began working as a coal miner and to this kind of labor he devoted a number of years, during which he was employed in the Burton, Ewan. Fox Run and Richard mines of Stark county, his experi- ence while thus engaged being especially \-alua- ble in developing a vigorous physique and teaching him the nobility of honest toil. Not caring to follow mining as a perma- nent occupation, Mr. Wilhelm fipally quit the business and accepted a clerkship in a grocery house in Canton conducted by George Barth on South ]\Iarket street. He continued as a salesman imtil about 1886, ^\■hen he engaged in merchandising for himself at Barth's old stand, beginning in a modest way with groceries as a special line. Subsecjuently he moved to the corner of Charles and Cherry streets, but later returned to his former place and there remained until 1892. when he removed to his present quarters. No. 2231 South Market street, where he erected a commodious building which is well stocked with a carefully selected assortment of groceries, notions, etc.. suitable for the general trade. \\'hen Mr. Wilhelm purchased the site CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 303 m which his building now stands the ground vas little less than a swamp, but by filling it he onverted it into a fine lot and added many lundred dollars to its value. By close atten- ion to business and courteous treatment of his latrons he has built up a large and lucrative rade which from present indications bids fair o grow rapidly in magnitude with each re- urring year. He is enterprising and progres- i\e in his methods, a careful buyer who appre- iates the value of small as well as large mar- ;-ins, and thus far he has made no mistakes, as lis present prosperous condition abundantly at- ests. Mr. Wilhelm is a Catholic in religion, a democrat m politics and a worthy member of he Odd Fellows fraternity. He has been ac- ive in municipal affairs and for a period of our years represented his ward in the city coun- il, during which time he was regarded as >ne of the most faithful, hard working and onscientious members of that body. In the 'ear 1885 he contracted a matrimonial alliance vith Mary Ann Brankel, of Canton, who has )orne him three children, namely : Harvey, Corner and Norman. Mr. Wilhelm is a gentle- nan in all the term implies, honest to a fault, ndustrious, public spirited and a true type of he intelligent, enterprising American business nan of todav. CLARENCE J. PARKER.— One of Can- on's popular and well-known young men is Vir. Parker, who has here made his home from he time of his birth and who is now engaged n the government service as a railway postal :lerk. his route at the time of this writing being )etween Pittsburg and Chicago, while he has )roved himself a capable and discriminating official in this position, which calls for the ut- nost discrimination, exactitude and extensive cnowledge of towns and cities in all sections )f the Union and of the various routes of trans- portation, the manifold details of the work being little understood by one not personally familiar with this important branch of the government service. Mr. Parker w"as born in the family resi- dence, on \\'est Eighth street. Canton, on the 9th of September, 1878, and his educational discipline was here received in the public schools which he continued to attend until he had at- tained the age of seventeen years, after which he was for four years bookkeeper in the George D. Harter Bank, later being employed in va- rious capacities. While in the bank he had made a careful study in regard to the mail service, securing books which would afford him the greatest possible amount of information, and on the 29th of August, 1900, he received his appointment as railway postal clerk, in which position he has since rendered most ef- ficient service. He was married in Canton, May 27. 1903. to Miss Beatrice Oldfield, of Canton. He gives his allegiance to the Repub- lican party, is a member of Trinity Reformed church and is identified with the Junior Order of United American Meclianics, being popular in the social circles of his home city and hav- ing gained the reputation of being a young men of principle and determinate ambition. James Parker, father of the subject, was born in England, whence he was brought by his sister to the United States when a child of four years, and was here reared and educated, being a blacksmith by trade and vocation, while he was a well-known and honored citizen of Canton for the past half century. His wife, whose maiden name was Flora Hardman, was born in Warren. Ohio, and they are the parents of seven children. WILLIAM SHOOF, who has achieved much more than local reputation as a con- tractor and builder, is a native of Canton, Ohio, born on East Third street in what is 304 OLD LANDMARKS known as the Shoof homestead, April 12, 1854, being the son of Andrew and Catherine (Ul- rich) Shoof, a sketcli of whose family history will be found in the biography of John Shoof, on another page of this work. The early life of the subject was spent in his native city and until fifteen years of age he attended the public schools, acquiring during the interval a pretty thorough knowledge of the branches consti- tuting the curriculum. In his sixteenth year he entered upon an apprenticeship with his brother to learn brick-laying, and after serving three years and becoming an efficient mason, he began earning wages as a "jour" workman, ■ continuing in that capacity until attaining his majority. Mr. Shoof engaged in business for himself at the age of twenty-two and since that time has devoted his attention very closely and successfully to contracting and building, his advancement the meanwhile, from an unknown mechanic to his present high position in the industrial world, bespeaking not only a thor- ough mastery of his chosen vocation, but energy, foresight and a comprehensive grasp of situations such as few possess. As a con- tractor he has done much to advance the ma- terial interests of Canton and to beautify the same, having erected many of the largest and most conspicuous buildings in the city, both public and private, notably among which may be enumerated the Dinnemiller wholesale grocery house, the Canton Brewing Plant, the Stark Rolling Mills, the Canton Tin Plate Mill, and many others here and elsewhere, the mere mention of which would far transcend the limits of an article of the character of this review. Mr. Shoof has just completed the plant of the Banner Manufacturing Company, which is one of the largest and most imposing buildings of the kind in the city, the undertaking being of great magnitude and requiring three months to complete. Mr. Shoof has led a very busy life, its usefulness commensurate with the activitv dis- played in all of his enterprises, and its reward being not only the ample competence resulting from his labors, but also the conspicuous place he occupies in the industrial circles of his city. county and state. In politics he is a Republi- can, but the pressing claims of his business interests have been so great as to prevent very active participation in party affairs, conse- quently he has never sought office at the hands of his fellow citizens, nor aspired to leadership or public honors. He holds membership with the Free and Accepted Masons, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and tire Junior Order United American Mechanics fraternities and in religion is a Presbyterian, being a member of the First church of that denomination in the city of Canton. The married life of Mr, Shoof dates from November 1878, when he was united in the bonds of wedlock with Miss Mary A. Young, daughter of George and Wilhelmina Young, of Pennsylvania, the union resulting in the birth of a son, Harry C, who is now his father's business associate. ^^TLLIAM R. DAY.— What of the man and what of his work? This is the dual query winch represents the interrogation, at least nominally entertained whenever that discriminating factor, the public, would pro- nounce on the true worth of the individual. The career of Judge Da}- indicates the clear- cut, sane and distinct character, and in re- viewing the .same from an unbiased and un- ])reiudiced standpoint interpretation follows fact in a straight line of deri\-ation. In this ])ublication it is consistent that such a re\-ie\v be entered, and that without the adulation which is so intrinsically repugnant to the man as he stands among his fellows. The city of Canton nattirally takes pride in the work ac- complished by Judge Day, now an associate iustice of the sunreme court of the United ; nf/Ziams ££nt Ny TIhJ/^ . e. I 7^ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 305 States, ami consistency demands tliat he be given the relative precedence in a work winch has to do with those who have lived and la- bored to good pnqjose within the confines of Stark county. William Rufus Day was born in Ravenna, Ohio, on the 17th of April, 1849, '^^^'^ there received his early educational training in the public schools. In September, 1866, he was matriculated in the literary department of the University of Michigan, in which he was graduated as a member of the class of 1870. In this connection it is gratifying to quote from an article Avritten by one of his fellow students in the university and published in the April edition, 1903, of the Michigan Alumnus ; "If there be anything in parentage that tends to shape the career of a man. Jus- tice Day may be said to have come naturally 1))- his abilities as a lawyer and judge. His tatiier, the Hon. Luther Day, when at the Ohio bar, was one of its most capable trial lawyers. He is described as an advocate of marked ability and great eloquence. But he was not, as is so often the case, so entirely an advocate that he was unfitted for judicial service. He had the rare ability and tempei^a- ment, as has his distinguished son, that en- abled him to be an advocate when it was his place and duty to be one and a most impartial and discriminating judge when called upon to administer even justice upon the bench. He was for many years a member of the supreme court of Ohio, and his opinions, characterized as the)' are by lucidit\- of statement and com- ])rehensiveness of \-iew. place him in the front rank as a judge. The mother of Justice Day was the daughter of Judge Spalding, also of the supreme court of Ohio, and for some time a member of congress from the Cleve- land district, and the granddaughter of Chief Justice Swift, of Connecticut. With such a parentage and \\\i\\ the environment which it must have brought, it is plain that Justice Day 19 must in his youth have lived in an atmosphere that would be a perpetual and powerful stim- ulus to a career at the bar and upon the bench." Continuing its appreciative estimate, the same article speaks further as follows : "Jus- tice Day began his preparation for the bar at his home in Ravenna, Ohio, soon after his graduation in the university, and here began his devoted and persistent work as a student. Although possessed of a mind and tempera- ment admirably fitted for the law, his success has been due in no small degree to the habit of study and patient investigation that has characterized his entire professional life. His fiist )'ear of preparatory study was spent in the ofifice of the Hon. George F. Robinson, of Ravenna, and the next in the department of law of the University of Michigan. He was admitted to the Ohio bar July 5, 1872, and soon thereafter formed a partnership for the practice of law at Canton, Ohio, with Wil- liam A. Uynch, under the firm name of Lynch & Day. Mr. Lynch was at this time in full general practice and was also the prosecuting attorney for Stark county. During his en- tire career as a lawyer Justice Day was a mem- ber of this firm, although its style was changed from time to time, as its membership changed. He was the senior member of the firm when summoned to public duties by the late Presi- dent McKinley. With the exception of one year, when he was on the common pleas bench of the ninth judicial district of Ohio, Justice Day was continually in the practice of the law from 1872 until 1S97, ^vhen he was called to W^ashington. During this time he had a large general practice in the state and federal courts of northern Ohio and was recognized as a safe adviser and an exceptionally able trial lawyer. His cases were thoi'oughly pre- pared and clearly presented. His association with the late President McKinley began in 1872. For a quarter of a century he was Mr. McKinlev's most intimate friend and trusted 3o6 OLD LANDMARKS adviser. After the latter's retirieinent from the practice of law Justice Day became liis counsel in legal matters, and he is now one of the administrators of his estate. None knew so well as did the lamented President the ex- traordinary intellectual gifts, the sound judg- ment and the genuine worth of this diligent and painstaking lawyer, and when he came to the responsibilities and perplexities of his great office he naturally turned to him for as- sistance and advice. "It has been mentioned that Justice Day served for one year upon the common pleas bench. His period of service began in 1886 and ended in 1887. He resigned the position not because judicial duties were uncongenial or because he felt himself unfitted by tempera- ment for work on the bench, but because he found it impossible to live upon the salary and make proper provision for his family. His conspicuous qualifications for judicial services were early recognized, and he was frequently urged to accept judicial honors. In 1889 the late President Harrison appointed him dis- trict judge for the northern district of Ohio, an appointment that he desired to accept, but he was led to decline the honor by reason of a threatened breaking of his health. "JiTStice Day's notable public services be- gan with his appointment as assistant secre- tary of state in April, 1897. Up to that time he was practically unknown in Washington or by the public at large. But even before this appointment he was an influence in public af- fairs, for to him the President frequently turned for advice upon the many new and important questions with which he was confronted. And to render aid in this quiet and modest way, rather than through the holding of offi- cial place, was his desire. For him the social life of Washington had no charm. It has been said that he avoided it as eagerly as many men seek it. Put it early became apparent that Secretarv Sherman, bv reason of age and dis- abilities, was unequal to the diplomatic emer- gencies that were developing. He had sur- rendered his seat in the senate to accept the state portfolio, and under the circumstances it was not probable that his resignation would be forthcoming in the near future. A strong man was needed as assistant secretary, a m;ui of discrimination, judgment, courage; a man who, though occupying a subordinate rank, would be capable of performing the duties of secretary to the satisfaction of the country and in a way that would not wound the feelings of his superior. The situation called for a man of exceptional ability and extraordinary tact. In his tried and trusted lawyer, friend and associate the President knew that he would find such a man. The only appeal that could reach him and induce him to assume the responsibilities of public office was one based upon personal friendship and public duty, and to this Justice Day yielded. The step involved not only great pecuniary sacrifice, and the risk of impaired health, but also the chance of fail- ure, for the field was to him an untried one. That he accepted under the circumstances shows the stuff that is in the man." Of Justice Day's services in this connec- tion an article appearing in the Review of Re- views of September, 1898, spoke as follows: "For one year as assistant secretary he per- formed the duties of secretary of state, except those ceremonial functions which the secre- tary of state could perforin and attendance upon cabinet meetings, which became purely ceremonial on the part of the secretary. As- sistant Day going over the state department business with the President before or after cabinet meetings. It was hard to do this day after day without offending the nominal sec- retary of state or impairing the dignity of that venerable statesman's position. But Mr. Day showed by his manner, as he did by his work. that he was a natural diplomat in the best sense of the word, and he preserved to the end CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 307 that ccurteotis fiction which tlie circumstances demanded. Everybody who had serious busi- ness with the state department went to Assist- ant Secretary Day because that was the way to get it done; but none of his callers ever heard him put into words what they ah recog- nized as the extraordinary and unprecedented situation of the department. If they had any considerable conversation with him they dis- covered that they were dealing with a singu- larly strong and silent man. They found that ■he never said too much or too little for his own purpose, that he was absolutely truthful and straightforward, and that he spoke with unusual clearness and cogency and candor, but above all with the most discreet reticence and perfect self-possession. In Washington, where every official secret is open and the 'ex- ecutive sessions' only emphasize the fact, the new man's ability to keep his own counsel and that of the President, whose representative he was as well, deepened the impression of power which was conveyed by what he did say, and helped on the idea, soon generally accepted, that he would be able to cope with any cir- cumstance and with any antagonist." The writers who have been thus quoted, and who had exceptional facilities for fully canvassing the data from which their articles were prepared, have written so consistently and appreciatively that there can be no meas- ure of impropriety in drawing farther from these sources. At this point recourse is again had to the article appearing in the Michigan Alumnus, the official publication of the alum- rife association of the University of Michigan : "In May, 1898, Justice Day became secre- tary of state. At that time the country did not know, as it now knows, that the promotion involved for him little change so far as duties and responsibilities were concerned. It has been said that 'it really involved nothing more than mo\ing from one room into the next, drawing a larger salary and attending formal cabinet meetings and occasions of cere- mony.' He brought to his duties the mental habits of the thoroughly trained lawyer. In this public capacity he served the country with the same faithfulness and devotion that had characterized him in the service of his clients. No man could have a higher standard than was his. The brief period of his service demanded prompt action, almost daily, upon grave questions of international importance, and in every instance he proved himself equal to the emergency. The mental grasp, the judgment, the discrimination and the discre- tion of the man are apparent when we remem- ber that he had to meet the grave responsibili- ties of his office without previous training in pttblic affairs and without diplomatic experi- ence; and his straightforward and genuine character is manifest in the conditions upon which he accepted the trust — that Professor John Bassett Moore, a Democrat in politics, should be appointed assistant secretary be- cause of his acknowledged attainments in in- ternational law. Justice Day's most conspicu- ous and masterly service as secretary was undoubtedly rendered in the negotiations con- nected with Spain's request for our terms of peace. His determination and prompt action brought to an end difficulties that under the jurisdiction of a weaker man would undoubt- edly have resulted in prolonged diplomatic correspondence, if not in more serious results. The remarkable tribute paid to Justice Day by the late President McKinley, when speaking of his services in the state department. 'Judge Day has made absolutely no mistakes,' was undoubtedly well merited. "With the closing of hostilities Justice Day felt that he might honorably retire from tlie state department. To this President Mc- Kinley reluctantly consented, upon condition that he should go upon the peace commission appointed to negotiate the Paris treaty with Spain. This appointment was in line with the 308 OLD LANDMARKS diplomatic \\oi"l>: in which he had been so suc- cessfully engaged and was generally recognized as most appropriate. The dignified and effect- ive part that he took in the Paris negotiations contributed largely to the success of the com- mission. 'J"he framing and signing of the treaty of peace having been accomplished, the time had come when Justice Day could return to his professional work. He had aided the President during the most critical and trying ])eriod of his administration and he had given to his country the best service that it was in his power to render. Notwithstanding his success in the difficult role of secretary and dip- lomat, he always regarded his services in this field ar. temporary and felt that his life work should be in liis profession. An opportunity that was in the direct line of his ambition came to him in February, 1899, when he was ap- pointed United States circuit judge for the sixth judicial circuit. His eminent fitness for service upon the federal bench was at once ap- parent, and it very soon became a foregone conclusion that his promotion to the supreme bench w-ould not be long in following. This came In l^'ebruary of the present year (1903), his appointment being universally regarded, both by the people and by the profession, as most appropriate and merited. Justice Day enters upon his new duties conspicuously qualified by temperament and training for their successful discharge, and if health and strength are spared him we may confidently predict a most brilliant and eft'ective career." In this connection it may be said that there are no duties that any officer of gox'ernment is called upon to ])erform which are so serious in their consequences to the lives, lil)erties, characters and property of their fellow men as. those embraced in the performance of judi- cial functions. If the stream of justice be im- ])ure or weak and uncertain then government itself has failed and been dishonored. If jus- tice be not arlministered with an impartiality and intelligence that ciimnian Pt^/A^Tis £J ^en^ey /f.l^c^ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 323 was compelled to assnine personal responsibili- ties when he was a mere boy, doing- his part in supporting the other members of the family. On this account his early educational advan- tages were very liinited in scope, but one of so alert mentality could not he permanenth' handi- capped in this respect, and throug-h his own ef- forts Judge Raff became possessed of a broad and liberal education. He began to depend up- on his own resources when about tweh-e years of age, and after living for a few years in the village of Bethlehem he came to Canton, where he was given a clerical position in the office of the county recorder, his uncle, Daniel Raff, having been incumbent of the office at the time. Later he became a clerk in the mercantile establishment of Mr. Wikidal, but his incli- nations soon led him to rejoin his family, who were still living in Bethlehem. After a time the entire family came to Canton, and for a short period Mr. Raff was again employed in the recorder's office, under Arnold Lynch. Li 1844 his uncle, Daniel Raff, was elected to the office of county clerk, and our subject was ten- dered the position of second deputy, Thomas Goodman, now of Chicago, being the first deputy. Mr. Raff remained in the clerk's office until 1850, and within this time had become chief deputy, wh.ile in addition to this he had lieen appointed clerk of the circuit court. He continued in tenure of both positions, and through the kindly action of his uncle he was afforded an opportunity to take up the study of law, his uncle employing another person to relieve him of the more onerous duties de- volving upon him as deputy clerk. Thus, in June. 1848, he became a student in the law office of Hiram Griswold, who was then considered the head of the Stark county bar, and in July, 1850, he was duly admitted to the bar of the state, upon examination before the supreme court, then in session at Bucyrus, this body at the time being alone empowered to admit candidates to practice in the courts of the coni- monwealth. Shortly afterward Mr. Raff re- signed the two clerkships noted, and went to New Philadelphia, Tuscarawas county, Avith the expectation of establishing himself in prac- tice in that place, but owing to the fact that conditions there proved unfavorable to his health he returned to Canton, where he entered into a professional co-partnership with James D. Brown, and here initiated his successful professional career. He had been a close stu- dent and was at this time well grounded in the principles of jurisprudence, while from his boyhood days he had been an omniverous reader of good literature and had shown the marked assimilative power which ever charac- terized his mental equipment. Li the autumn of 185 1 Mr. Raff yielded to the importunities of his friends and became the candidate of the Democratic party for the office of judge of the probate court of Stark county, being at the time but little more than twenty-six years of age. His nomination re- ceived a flattering endorsement at the polls and he was elected to this responsible and dignified office by a gratifying majority. The probate court had just been created, under the pro- vision of the new state constitution, and he organized the same in this county, showing marked discrimination in systematizing the busi- ness and placing it upon the basis which has virtually Ijeen retained ever since that time. Li 1855, at the expiration of his term of office. Judge Raff formed a law partnership with John Lahum, the firm attaining high prestige, while Judge Raff, became known as one of the most eminent and successful members of the bar of the county. He was a man of well rounded character, finely balanced mind and splendid intellectual attainments, and several of his pub- lished works touching the f|uestions of law re- main as perpetual and worthy monuments to his ability. One of his first works was entitled "A Guide to Executors and Administrators in the State of Ohio," while the same is generally 324 OLD LANDMARKS known as Raff's Guide, the work Ijeing based upon liis wide and compreliensi\e experience in tlie work of tlie probate court and being one of distinctive value. In 1862, at the request of Robert Clarke, the well known publisher of the city of Cincinnati, Judge Raff prepared a Pen- sion Manual, for the benefit of persons having claims against the government in connection with the war of 1812. and the Mexican and Civil wars, but later, on account of the rapid legislation then found necessary, and by reason of the frecjuent and multifarif)us changes made in existing and bounty laws, it was deemed expedient to issue an entirely new manual, and this work was carefully taken in hand b\- Judge Raff, the result being the publication of the valuable volume known as the W'ar Claimant's Guide. In 1863, at the suggestion of the same publisher. Judge Raff prepared a compre- hensive work on the road laws of the state of Ohio, the same being held as an authoritative exposition of the subject. In 1870 Judge Raff formed another profes- sional alliance, associating himself in practice with George E. Baldwin, under the firm name of Raff & Baldwin, and he continued thereafter in the active practice of law in Canton alx)ut a year, when his health became so impaired that he was led to withdraw from general prac- tice, and he then entered the employ of Cor- nelius Aultman. the well-known manufacturer and capitalist of Canton, in the capacity of con- fidential agent, secretary and attorney, and he continued to be thus engaged until the death of Mr. Aultman. on the 26th of December, 1884. Judge Raff was then appointed one of the administrators of the estate. In 1888, Judge flaff, in company with his son Edward, organized the Central Savings Bank of Canton, of which he became president and his son cashier, and on the 14th of April of the same year Judge Raff was summoned into eternal rest, after years of signal honor and usefulness, and- the community was called upon to mourn the loss of one of its best citizens. Dr. Peter Barr was then elected president of the bank, and a few years later Edward Raft' resigned his po- sition of cashier and was elected to the presi- dency of the institution, retaining this incum- benc}' until his death, on the ist of February, iQor, at Tucson, Arizona, whither he had gone a month previously in the hope of recuperating his health. Judge Raff was a man of strong individuality and indubitable i)robity, and his influence was ever exerted in the furtherance of all that was good and true, so that, standing in the white light of his exalted character and worthy career, we gain anew a respect for all that sterling manhood represents. In politics Judge Raff ga\e his allegiance to the Democratic party, but in local affairs he was liberal in his attitude, while he was ever public-spirited, taking a deep interest in all that tended to conserve the prosperity and progress of his home city, to which he was deeply at- tached. He was a devoted member of Trinity Lutheran church and gave a liberal support to all departments of its specific work and also to its collateral benevolences, while for a quarter of a century he was the leader of the choir of the church, having been possessed of fine musical talent and having a well trained and sympathetic baritone voice. On the 1 8th of December, 1855, Judge Raff was united in marriage to Miss Belinda J. Schneider, who survi\-es him and who still re- sides in the Canton homestead, which is en- deared to her by the memories and associations of the past. She was born in Chambersburg, Eranklin county, Pennsylvania, on the i8th of February, 1828, being a. daughter of Frederick Alexander Schneider, who was born in the vil- lage of Houburg, near the city of Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, on the 23d of October, 1790, and who passed the major portion of his early life in the city of Hamburg. His father. Frederick Schneider, was a colonel in the Prussian army, and had his official head- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 325 quarters in the town of Houburg-, wliile his family resided in Hamburg the greater po'tion of the time. The father of Mrs. Raff was sent to America when but eighteen years of age, in order that he might escape tiie merciless con- scription pre\'aiHng (hu'ingthe Napoleonic \vars. and he landed in the city of Philadelphia, where he was for several years employed as clerk in a hardware establishment, after which, in com- pany with a friend, he went to Chambersburg', that state, where they became associated in establishing a hardware business. In that town Mr. Schneider was united in marriage to Miss Rebecca Faber, and in 1829 they removed with their family to what was then the village of Canton, Ohio, where he opened the first hard- ware store in the town, while it has been stated that this was the first established west of the Alleghany mountains. Here he continued to be actively engaged in business until 1857, after which year he lived retired until his death, which occurred on the 27th of February, 1864, his remains being interred in Westlawn Cem- etery. His wife passed away on the 4th of April, 1887, at the venerable age of eighty-three 3^ears, both having been zealous members of the Lutheran church. Mr. Schneider was one of the influential citizens of Canton in the pioneer days, and was president of the village council at one time. Of their nine children we enter the following record, the two eldest having lieen born in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, and the others in Canton : Margaret, who became the wife of Charles Cranz. died in California in 1893. Belinda is the widow of the subject of this memoir. Anton G. died in Massillon, this county, in 190T. Frederick A. is a resident of San Jose, California. Louis B. maintains his home in the city of Omaha, Nebraska. Edward F., who was a brave soldier and officer in the war of the Rebellion, attaining the rank of brigadier general at the close of the war, and who died in Europe, in 1873. having gone abroad for the purpose of recruiting his health. Henrietta, the widow of Captain James Wal- lace, died in Canton on the 9th of December, 1900. He was a valiant soldier in the Avar of the Rebellion and in the battle of Fredericks- biu^g received a wound which necessitated the amputation of one of his legs. After the opera- tion he was sent to a hospital near the city of Washington, and, in company with her aunt, Mrs. Brown, his fiancee went to his bedside to minister to him, and while he was thus lying on the bed of suffering their marriage was sol- emnized, and the same evening his spirit took its flight. Julia F., who became the wife of Captain William J. Broatch, who was an officer in the regular army and served during the Civil war, died in Canton in 1893, while here for a visit. Emma S. remained unmarried until her death, which occurred in 1873. Judge and Mrs. Raff became the parents of two children, namely: Norman C, who is a resident of New York City, where he is eng^aged in business, married Mrs. Virginia (Duncan) Kingman ; and Edward, who was president of the Central Savings Bank at Canton, who died in February, 1901, as has already been noted. HENRY WILLIAM HARTER, a repre- sentative niemlier of the bar of the county and at present an incumbent of the office of judge of the court of common pleas of the first subdi- vision of the ninth judicial district of Ohio, is a native of the city of Canton, having been born in the old family homestead, which stood on the site of the present First Methodist Epis- copal church, on West Tuscarawas street, on the 9th of May, 1853, and being a son of Isaac and Amanda Z. (Moore) Harter. After avail- ing himself of the advantages afforded in the public schools of Canton, Mr. Harter was ma- triculated in Pennsylvania College, at Gettys- burg, Pennsylvania, where he was graduated as a member of the class of 1874, receiving the de- 326 OLD LANDMARKS gree of Bachelor of Arts. After leaving college he returned to his native city and began the study of the law, becoming a student in the office of the firm of Lynch & Day, under whose able preceptorship he continued his reading of the law for two years, after which he was a student in the law department of Columbia University, in the city of New York. He was admitted to the bar in the spring of 1877 and later was ad- mitted to practice before the supreme court of the United States. He established himself in practice in Canton, and soon gained a high rep- utation as an able and discriminating advocate and counselor, while he continued in the active work of his profession for nearly a quarter of a century, having to do with nnich important litigation in both the state and federal courts and showing an unflagging devotion to his pro- fession, from which his semi-retirement came only when he was called to the bench. In 1879 he was elected to the office of prosecuting at- torney of Stark county, entering upon the dis- charge of his duties on the ist of January of the following year and continued to hold this position until January, 1885. During these years he added materialy to his reputation through his able service as prosecutor, handling the legal affairs of the county with consummate tact and discrimination and thus conserving the ends of justice. In 1901 he became the nomi- nee of his party for the office of judge of the court of common pleas and was elected in the autumn of that year, without opposition, as the other party made no nomination for the office. On the bench Judge Harter has given an ad- .ministration which has fully justified the wis- dom of the choice of the voters of the judicial district. The judge is a member of the firm of Isaac Harter & Sons, proprietors of the Savings Deposit Bank, one of the substantial and popu- lar monetary institutions of the state and the oldest banking concern in the city of Canton, its establishment dating back to the year 1854. He is also vice-president of the George D. Harter Bank, of this city ; vice-president of the Aultman & Taylor Machinery Company, of Mansfield, Ohio; and vice-president of the Bonnot Company, manufacturers of clay-work- ing and cement machinery in Canton. Judge Harter is president of the Aultman Hospital Association and a member of the board of trus- tees of the Canton public librar}?, his interest in all that touches the welfare and progress of his native city being at all times insistent and help- ful. In politics he has ever given an unqualified allegiance to the Republican party and has been an able advocate of its policies, though he has never sought official preferment save in the direct line of his profession. Fraternally the Judge is identified w'ith McKinley Lodge. Free and .\ccepted Masons ; Canton Chapter No. 84, Royal Arch Masons; Canton Commandery No. 38, Knights Temp- lar; Nimishillen Lodge No. 39, Independent Order of Odd Fellows ; and Canton Lodge No. 68, Benevolent and Protecti\-e Order of Elks. He is a zealous member of Trinity Lutheran church. At Westfield, New York, on the 23d of June, 1883, was solemnized the marriage of Judge Harter and Miss Annette H. Taylor, who was born in the town of Westfield, being a daughter of David H. and Harriet P. (Camp- bell) Taylor. Of this union have been born three children, namely : Henry ^^''.. Jr., who was born on the 30th day of December, 1886: David Taylor, who was born on the i8th of May, 1888, and who died on the ist of the fol- lowing August; and Charles Stockton, who was born on the 13th of September, 1890. WEST L. ALEXANDER.— The career of the gentleman whose name introduces this sketch is prominentlv identified with the insur- ance business in the city of Canton, where he CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 327 is recognized as an alert, reliable and thorough- ly progressive man. He was born on the parental homestead near Fredericktown, Wash- ington county, Pennsylvania, on the 25th of April, 1847, being a son of Andrew and Har- riet (Lawrence) Alexander, the former of whom was of Scottish and the latter of Ger- man ancestry. Andrew Alexander, father of the subject, was also a native of Washington county, Pennsylvania, and was a prominent and successful business man of his section of the old Keystone state, where he engaged in merchandising and also in the operation of coal mines, shipping large quantities of coal on tiat-boats down the Ohio river and also down the Mississippi as far as New Orleans. His en- terprise in the line of merchandising was prin- cipally conducted in Fredericktown, in his na- tive county, and in the immediate vicinity of that town he was the owner of a valuable farm. He was a man of prominence and influence in the community, taking part in public affairs and having been for a number of years captain of a company of state militia. He was united in marriage, in his native county, to Miss Har- riet Lawrence, who, as previously stated, was of German descent, the name having originally been spelled Lorenz. The ancestors were residents of the Rhine district of Germany, whence the original representatives in the new world emigrated to escape religious persecu- tions, settling in Maryland, whence members of the family later removed to Fayette county, Pennsylvania, where the mother of the sub- ject was born, being a daughter of Jonathan Lawrence, who was a son of William, the emi- grant ancestor. Some time after Andrew Alexander's marriage he came to Ohio and purchased land in Delaware county, though he subsequently returned to Pennsylvania for his family, but was soon afterwards taken ill and did not live to establish his home in the Buck- eye state, his death occurring in his native county in 1853. His son William later came to Ohio for the purpose of disposing of the land in Delaware county, and after his arrival in the state determined to establish a permanent residence, taking up his residence in Mount Vernon, Knox county, where he studied law and was admitted to the bar, and whence he removed to Canton in 1859, where he was as- sociated with W. Iv. Upham in the practice of his profession. Later he engaged in the in- surance busmess and iri manufacturing in this city, where he remained until 1867, when he removed to tlie city of Toledo, where he devoted his attention to the insurance business until his death. He was a stanch supporter of the principles of the Republican party from the time of its or- ganization and was a zealous member of the Baptist chvu'ch. as was also his wife, whose maiden name was Loretta Wise. Some time after the death of her husband the mother of the subject came to Canton to join her chil- dren, and her death occurred in this city. As a rule the members of the Alexander family have been Presbyterians in their re- ligious faith, while in politics the Whig and later the Republican party claimed allegiance from the majority of the representatives of the family. Of the children of Andrew and Har- riet (Lawrence) Alexander we enter the fol- lowing brief record: William, the eldest, has been already mentioned in this paragraph; Jeanette M. is the widow of Colonel Benjamin F. Pond, of Malta, Morgan county; Permela Matilda became the wife of John F. Clark, and ■ of them more specific mention is made in the sketch of the life of their son, William H., of Canton, appearing on another page of this volume; Montgomery D., who married Miss Henrietta Hughes, of Greene county, Penn- sylvania; Henry Duncan, who is engaged in the blacksmithing business in this city, married Miss Louisa Smith, of Canal Dover, Ohio; Harriet Louisa is the wife of Daniel Walton, of Oskaloosa, Iowa; West L., subject of this 328 OLD LANDMARKS sketch, was the next in order of birth ; Sarah Isadore was the wife of D. K. Allemler, who died in Canton ; Emma Josephine married Wil- liam Cox, of Greene county, Pennsylvania ; she died in Canton, where he now maintains his home. "West L. Alexander passed his early child- hood on the homestead farm near Frederick- town, Washington county, Pennsylvania, and his initial scholastic discipline was received un- der the tutorage of Joseph Baker, in Greene county, that state, while he continued his studies in the public schools of his native coun- ty until he had attained the age of thirteen years, when he came to Canton. Ohio, to join his brother and sister, who had here located. Here he continued his studies in the public schools, completing- a four years course in the high school. During the Civil war Mr. Alex- ander enlisted, in Canton, in the one hundred days' service, becoming a private in Company B. One Hundred and Sixty-second Ohio Vol- unteer Infantry. He continued in active ser- ^•ice for five months, or until after the close of the war, after which he returned home. A short time later he was matriculated in Den- nison University, at Granville, this state, where he remained as a student for two years. In 1868 he engaged in the general insurance business in Canton, and a year later he turned his attention to civil engineering, along which line he had received specific and technical in- struction during his collegiate course, and to this vocation he continued to devote himself for four years, being successful in his opera- tions as a railroad civil engineer. In 1874 he again became identified with the insurance busi- ness, being retained as special traveling agent for the Girard Company of Philadelphia, and Firemans, of Dayton, Ohio, after which he es- tablished a local insurance agenc\- in the city of Canton, representing a number of the leading fire and life companies, and here he has built up a large and important l)usiness. retaining a representative clientage and being recognized as one of the leading underwriters of this sec- tion of the state. He was one of those promi- nently concerned in the organization of the Canton public library and is a member of its directorate at the present time, while he also lent effective co-operation in the organization of the Aultman Hospital Association, of which institution he has ever since been .secreta^}^ In politics Mr. Alexander is a stalwart adherent of the Republican party, but has never sought official preferment, though he served for two years as a member of the city council. Fra- ternally he is identified with McKinley Post No. 25, Grand Army of the Republic, and also with the ^Masonic order and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. In the city of Canton, on the 8th of Sep- temlier, 1875. was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Alexander to ^liss Caroline Renick, daugh- ter of the late Jonathan Renick, and of this union three children have been born : Edward R., who is engaged in the practice of law in the city of Washington, D. C. ; and Jeanette M. and Donald, who remain at the parental home. GEORGE D. HARTER.— The strong, true men of a people are always public bene- factors. Their usefulness in the immediate and specific labors they perform can be defined by metes and bounds; but the good they do through the forces they put in motion and through the inspiration of their presence and example is immeasurable by any finite .gauge or standard of value. The late George D. Harter was such a man. To epitumize his life and character witirin the limits which this work allows is impossil)le. But less than most men intellectually his equal does he need the voice of eulogy. A native son of the city of Canton, which was the scene of his mature labors, he left a distinct impress on the ci\'ic and industrial life of the cut, having a deep insight into the well springs of human thought and action and being ever kindly and tolerant in his association with "all sorts and conditions of men," he placed true values upon those with whom he came in contact in the various re- lations of life, even esteeming character above the mere accidents of temporal prestige or power. ]\lr. Harter was a distinct man and a true one, and as such it was his to become a potent factor for good in all places in which he chose to interpose, while the unequivocal esteem and affection accorded him on e\-ery side constitute the best tribute to his worth as a man. 'A gracious personality, a cultured and refined taste and a sincerity of thought and purpose which never wavered, — these charac- terized the man to whom this memoir is dedi- cated, and, standing in the pure light of his unassuming and noble manhood, we can not but be moved to a feeling of respect and admi- ration and to a realization of the fact that he lix'ed a life filled to its maximum with useful- ness and Imnor. His death was held as a per- sonal bereavement to the people of Canton, where his entire life was passed, and his name will be held in grateful remembrance as long as there remain those who have cognizance of his wurtliv and kindly life. In conclusion, briefly, reference is made to the domestic chapter in the life of the honored subject. On the 3d of March, 1869, was sol- emnized his marriage to i\Iiss Elizabeth Ault- man, daughter' of the late Cornelius Aultman, one of Canton's most distinguished and pub- lic-spirited citizens, and of this union were born six children, concerning whom the following is a brief record : Eliza Aultman Harter (deceased) ; Mary Elizabeth, at home; C. Aultman (deceased) ; Amanda, wife of James U. Fogle, of Canton; Catharine and Elizabeth, at home. Besides his wido\v and four children Mr. Harter is survived by two brothers and two sisters. •-.-♦ CHARLES STEESE, president of the First National Bank of Massillon, is a native of Ohio, born in the year 1842 at Canal Dover, Tuscarawas county, being the eldest of a fam- ily of children whose parents were Dr. Isaac and Mary (Johnson) Steese. The father prac- ticed medicine for a number of years in the above town and rose to an eminent place in the ranks of the profesion to which he devoted the greater part of his life and the maturity of his mental powers. When about four years old Charles Steese was brought to Massillon where he spent the years of his youth and early manhood, the meanwhile attending the public schools until completing the prescribed course of study, after which he entered Kenyon Col- lege at Gambler. Finishing his intellectual training in that institution, he accepted a po- sition in a bank where his abilities were soon recognized, as witness his success in promotion from a minor clerkship to higher and more re- sponsible posts and from that time to the pres- ent he has been actively identified with the finan- cial history of Massillon. After serving three 332 OLD LANDMARKS years as teller in the Merchants Bank of this city, Mr. Steese was made assistant cashier of the First National Bank, entering the latter institution at its organization, and in 1874 rose to the position of cashier, the duties of which he discharged until elected to the presidency, March 23, 1S92. As president his record has been a series of continued successes, as the his- tory of the bank abundanti}- proves, and he occupies today a conspicuous place among the able financiers of Ohio, besides having a wide reputation in business circles in other states. A man of strong mentality, mature judg- ment and fertility of resource, his opinions in financial matters have had great weight, and, as already indicated, his influence in the busi- ness development of Massillon has been mark- ed and salutary along every line of the city's industrial and commercial erowth. GEORGE REEVES was born in the town of Victoria. Monmouthshire, Eng- land, on the 7th day of July, 1850. His an- cestors for several generations wene identified \\\\\\ agricultural pursuits and were residents near tlic town of Motcomb. in Dorsetshire. England, l)eing gradually depri\ed of their holdings in that locality by the scheming of wealthy landlords of the county. George and (Martha) Arnold Reeves, parents of the sub- ject, were liorn. reared and married in Mot- comb, and there were born five of their eight children, namely: Marv i\nn, James, Jabez, Jonathan and Jeremiah. In 1847 the)- removed to the great iron-manufacturing county of Mon- mouthshire, locating in the town of Victoria, where their sons Frederick. George and Thom- as were born. The parents each attained a ven- erable age, and nf their children five are living at the present time, namely : Marv Ann. Jabez. Jonathan, Jeremiah and George. The sul)ject of this sketch ])ursue(l his stud- ies in ])iil)lic and ])ri\ate scIiddIs until he had attained the age of thirteen years, when he went to work in a rolling mill in Victoria, iron rail- road rails being there manufactured. These rails were straightened by hand. The process of straightening was accomplished by a primi- tive method. A very large man with a very large hammer or sledge would strike the rail at the points where it was bent, but it was necessan- that the product be free from dents and marks, and to accomplish this object a lx)y was engaged to hold a piece of sheet iron, rounded at one end for a handle, on the rail at the point of impact with the sledge, and in the case of Mr. Ree\'es, upon whom de- volved this service, it may be said that it was a very small boy who thus rendered assistance. \\ hile engaged in this work he received six pence (twelve cents) per day, antl in his eyes his first month's pay was much larger than any he has ever since received. Within a few months he became errand boy for the general manager of these large iron works, and soon afterwards this gentleman accorded him the privilege of going to work for a short time with any of the skilled workmen in his employ, and the boy chose to work a short time, in turn, with the carpenters, patternmakers, painters, stone masons, bricklayers, blacksmiths and boiler- makers. His brief experience in each of these departments proved of distinctive value to him in after years, since he gained a knowledge of the manifold details entering into the prosecu- tion (if tile industry with which he identified himself as owner and employer. At the age of sixteen years, Mr. Reeves left this employment and went away from home, working in differ- ent parts of luigland for the ensuing two years and su]:)pi:trting himself very respectably in e\erv wa^•. In 18^)0, al the age of nineteen years, Mr. Reeves was united in marriage to Miss Mary Mcintosh, at Abergavenny. Monmouthshire, and in Mav of the following vear he came with his bride to America, and here he foutid em- i i £^iy-r>iZ_, CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 333 ploynient as a boilennaker, working for short intervals at Sharon, Pittsburg and Connells- ville, Pennsylvania, and Youngstown, Ohio. From the last place he removed to Leetonia, Columbiana county, this state, where he started the Leetonia Boiler Works. In the autumn of 1871 he located in Niles, Trumbull county, where he became associated with his three elder brothers, Jabez, Jonathan and Jeremiah, under the firm name of Reeves Brothers, and they there established themselves in the same line of enterpnise. Soon afterward Jabez and Jona- than disposed of their interests in this business, which was thereafter continued by Jei-emiah and George, as equal partners, until 1891. In 1880 Jeremiah went to Europe with his fam- ily, remaining abroad somewhat more than a year, within which period the entire charge of the business at Niles devolved upon the subject of this review. In 1883 the Reeves brothers embarked in the rolling-mill business at Canal Dover, Tuscarawas county. In June of that year George Reeves went to the town men- tioned and purchased the rolling mill there lo- cated, securing the property for himself and his brother from the assignee of the previous owners, and the Reeves Iron Company was forthwith organized to operate the plant. This venture being made in face of the fact that three different firms of experienced mill men had failed there, seemed to some older and more experienced heads to indicate a spirit of pure recklessness and presumption on the part of the Reeves brothers, who knew but little of the business, and there was no little criticism as to their jeopardizing their past successful record and hard-earned savings in this enterprise. It fell to the lot of Jeremiah to undertake the di- rect management of these works, and he re- moved from Niles to Canal Dover for that pur- pose in 1883, while George remained in Niles to conduct the pioneer business, paying weekly visits to the Canal Dover plant for consultation concerning its operation. Much hard labor and deep thought were given to it for years, and many sleepless nights came as the result to both of the interested principals. Reeves Ijrothers were placed, as the saying goes, be- tween the devil and the deep sea. They chose the sea, but it is nut ill advised to say that at times they scarcely knew whither their course was trending". The plant had never employed more than one hundred men until it came into the possession of the Reeves brothers; in 1885 more than two hundred men were on the pay roll and sunshine appeared through the pre- viously clouded atmosphere of the enterprise. It became prosperous aiid consecutively ex- l)anded in scope and importance until in 1891 it aft'orded employment to more than five hun- dred persons in the manufacture of iron and steel bars, from one-fourth inch to two-inch, round and square; three-fourth inch to six- inch flats, light rails, angles, etc. In 1890 plans were made to add a plant for the manufacturing of light sheets and plates, and within the two vears following said plant was completed and properly equipped. In 1 88 1 -2 the Reeves Brothers contracted for and erected the substantial iron buildings, boiler tanks, etc., for the rolling mills of the Ward Iron Company, at New- Philadelphia, Ohio. This company failed in 1883, owing the Reeves brothers a large sum of money, for which lien was taken. In 1885, at the earnest solicitation of the citizens of New Philadelphia, James Ward, the former owner and his credi- tors, the subject of this sketch and his brother Jeremiah, organized the New Philadelphia Iron & Steel Compau}-, the Reeves brothers taking stock for their lien, and the new company pro- ceeded to take possession of the plant men- tioned and to i^lace the same in operation. George Reeves was elected secretary and treas- urer of the company, and upon him devolved the arduous task of satisfying other creditors of the original Ward Iron Company and of procuring the funds demanded for the remodel- 334 OLD LANDMARKS ing and putting into operation the acquired plants as well as taking an active part in the management of the manufacturing. The works were put into operation in the autumn of 1S85 with twenty-two puddling furnaces, muck mill, bar mill and two sheet mills. In 1887 the Reeves brothers purchased the interests of James Ward and others, and by the year 1891 had increased the number of sheet mills to four and had succeeded in paying off all the creditors of the Ward Iron Company. From 1883 jthe Reeves brothers' Niles plant kept on increasing its capacity and business under the manage- ment of George Reeves, but was somewhat curtailed by reason of the brothers' investments at Canal Dover and New Philadelphia. In 1 89 1 Jeremiah and George Reeves dis- solved partnership, the former taking all the interests of both in the Reeves Iron Company, at Canal Dover, while our subject acquired the interests of both in the plant at Niles and in that of the New Philadelphia Iron & Steel Com- pany. The three concerns continued operations under the original titles and George Reeves be- came president of the New Philadelphia Iron & Steel Company, while his eldest son, Albert G., was made secretary and treasurer of the same. Success and progress continued to at- tend the fortunes of the company, and in 1899 it had increased its capacity to ten sheet mills, with an extensive galvanizing plant and stove- pipe works, while employment was given to six hundred persons. In 1900 the company sold its plant, inventory and business to the Amer- ican Sheet Steel Company, a New Jersey cor- poration. In 1893 arrangements were made by George Ree\es and the citizens of Alliance to remove the Niles plant to the former city, and this work was accomplished in 1893-4. The works were destroyed by fire in May, iQoo. but were rebuilt and again put in operation early in the succeeding year. On July 15111 of that same year fire again destroyed the plant, Init the cour- age of the interested principals did not abate even in the face of this second disaster, and it was decided to rebuild upon an even more ex- tensive scale. In September of that year con- tracts were let for the erection of buildings to be constructed entirely of steel and brick, and these were not completed until October, 1902. None save those who have had similar expe- rience can appreciate or understand the demor- alization and chaos caused by being thus sud- denly deprived of the facilities for carrying on a large and heiivy manufacturing business, involving the arranging for the subletting of contracts and the cancelling of others for work on hand. The discouragement incidental to seeing regular customers driven elsewhere for merchandise, and the entire disruption of the shop organization also must figure as disrupting elements in such a case, and it stands to the credit, self-reliance and invincible courage of Mr. Reeves and his coadjutors that they did not permit the word failure to be for a moment considered. His great capacity as an execu- tive and as a man of initiative power stood well in h;ind at this critical juncture, and the results are most gratifying and significant. The busi- ness was operated by George Reeves un- der the firm name of Reeves Brothers, as before noted, until October i, 1901, when a reorganization was effected by our subject, the concern being incorpo- rated under the title of The Reeves Brothers Company, with Mr. Reeves, his sons and daughter as stockholders. The organization was perfected by the elec- tion of George Reeves, president ; Al- bert G. Reeves, vice-president and treas- urer; James A. Reeves, manager, and Ar- thur A. Reeves, secretary, and operation of the plant under the new regime was inaugurated in October, 1901. After the buildings were completed, machinery and other equipments and accessories had to be re-arranged, and at the time of this writing (May, 1903) more CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 335 :han one hundred individuals are represented )n the pay roll, while the facilities are ade- ]uate and the expectation certain for having I corps of three hundred employes before the ;lose of the year. The plant is equipped with ;ome of the heaviest and largest machinery md tools in existence, including bending rolls, ninches and riveting machines. The works ire equipped with electric cranes, electric light, lydraulic and pneumatic plants and appliances md powers. The buildings and fire apparatus ire pronounced perfect by the Ohio fire insur- ince inspectors, and the plant covers two acres jf ground. Among the products of this great plant may be noted the following : Heavy plate' md light sheet work, oil and acid tanks, oil refining work, oil tanks, rotary cement dryer ;ylinders, blast furnace work, annealing boxes, ?tand pipes and penstocks, converters" ladles, ooilers, heaters, girders, iron buildings, grain elevators, copper furnaces, clinker coolers, etc. In politics Mr. Reeves gives his allegiance lo the Republican party and fraternally he is identified with the Masonic order and the Royal Arcanum, in the former of which he has passed :he ancient, capitular and chivalric degrees, be- ing identified with Warren Commandery, No. ^9, Knights Templar, while he is also a mem- jer of Al Koran Temple, Ancient Arabic Order 3f the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, in Cleve- land. Mrs. Reeves has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal church for twenty years, and the subject attends its services. At the time of this writing Mr. Reeves is erecting on ">ne of the most attractive and eligibly located lots on Union avenue a residence which will be the largest, finest and most expensive in the city of Alliance, which is notable for its beautiful homes. He is a man of genial presence and his course has been such as to commend him to the most unequivocal confidence and esteem in the business world and in the social relations of life, while his career in its well earned suc- cess affords both lesson and incentive. Of the children of Mr. and Mrs. Reeves all were born in the United States except the eld- est, whose place of nativity was Monmouth- shire, England. Of the children we enter the following brief record, death having entered the family circle but once, taking the son Fred- erick, who died in infancy : Elizabeth R. was born July i, 1870; Albert G., who was born July 23, 1872, married Miss Tod Welty; James A., who was born March 15, 1874, married Miss Mary Kinsman; Frederick E., who was born December 10, 1875, died in infancy; Mayme M., who was born May 18, 1877, is the wife of A. G. Zang, of Alliance, and Arthur A. was born November 14, 1880. JOHN DaHINDEN.— The paternal grandparents of the subject were natives of Switzerland and died in that country. Their son. Job DaHinden, father of the subject, was born in Bern, Switzerland, in 1821. After re- ceiving a fair education he learned the trade of stone-cutting. In 1852 he came to the United States, landing at New York city, from whence he came direct to Canton, Ohio. Here he was employed at general work for a time. He sub- sequently lived at Massillon several years, but later moved into the country near that city. He followed his trade during the greater part of this time, but in 1868 came to Canton and op- ened a grocery store at what is now 1234 South Market street. He was fairly successful in this enterprise and conducted it until his death, in 1880. Politically he affiliated with the Demo- cratic party, while religiously he and his wife were faithful and consistent members of the German Reformed church. In 1856 Jacob DaHinden was married to Miss Charlotte Biebesheimer, the ceremony be- ing performed at Canton by Rev. Peter Her- bruck, pastor of the German Reformed church. She was born in the southern part of Germany in 1832. Her father died in Germany and 336 OLD LANDMARKS shortly afterward her mother brought her fam- ily to the United States, coming direct to Can- ton. They afterward lived here and at Mas- sillon, the mother's death occurring at Canton in 1900. Mrs. DaHinden"s maternal grand- mother resided in Iowa and died there at the home of a daughter at the age of eighty-six. To Jacob and Charlotte DaHinden were born the following cliildren : John, whose name appears at the head of this sketch ; Jacob, who lives at Wheeling, West Virginia; Sophia; Charles W. is a farmer and resides in this coun- ty ; Emma is at home ; Charlotte is a teacher in the public schools; Frank is a prominent and successful physician in Canton. John DaHinden was born in Massillon, Stark county, Ohio, on the nth of March, 1857. When a boy he removed with his par- ents to Canton and here received his education in the public schools. Quitting the city schools at the age of sixteen years, he attended the Can- ton Business College for several months, ac- quiring a sound, practical acquaintance with business methods. Entering his father's gro- cery store as a clerk, he remained with him un- til his death, in 1880, since when he has con- ducted the business alone. He has endeavored at all times to cater to the needs and tastes of his customers and by his courteous treatment and evident desire to please all who deal with him, he has built up a large and profitable busi- ness. Politically Mr. DaHinden is a staunch ad- vocate of Democratic principles and takes a keen interest in the general trend of public events. Taking an especial interest in educa- tional matters, he served as a memter of the board of education from 1886 until 1890, per- forming much effective service in the Avay of improving and strengthening the public school system of the city. Religiously he was reared in the faith of the German Reformed church and has lived a life consistent w-ith its teachings. He is progressive in his methods, keen in opin- ion, and withal a man who has in a marked degree impressed his personality upon the com- munity in which he has so long resided. JOHN BUCKIUS.— The Buckius family is of stanch old German stock, and the name has been spelled Bockius l)y cer- tciin branches of the parent stock in America, whither two brothers came from Ger- many in the colonial epoch, being numbered among the early settlers in the immediate vicin- ity of the city of Philadelphia and having be- come the owners of the land about German- town, in whose founding they were instru- mental, the place being now one of the most attractive suburbs of Philadelphia. John Buckius. Sr., father of the subject of this me- moir, was born in that section of Pennsylvania, and he there learned the trade of coppersmith. As a young man he li^'ed in Newmarket, Dis- trict of Columbia, and it is interesting to recall the fact that at the burial of Washington, at Mount ^''ernon, he was the last to look upon the face of the great "father of his country,"' having been assigned by the government to the task of sealing the leaden casket in which the coffin of the late President and patriot was in- closed. This John Buckius was twice married, his two wives having been sisters, w^hose maiden names were Sims. After the death of his first wife he married her younger sister, who was at the time a widow. He came with his family to Canton, Stark county, Ohio, a])out t8io or 1812. from Lancaster county, I^ennsylvania. His first home in Canton was a primitive log cabin, located on what is now the ciiurt house square, and later he purchased property at the corner of Fifth street and the I)ublic square, where Caldwell's store is now located, and here he erected a substantial brick residence, which was considered a marvel of hixupv' and convenience in that day. In this place he established himself in the work of his ^/t^k^ ^^^^-^^r^c^ cc^ C-1-^Mxf CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 337 trade as a tiiisniilh and coppersmitli. and his liome also figured for a number of years as a sort of private hotel, its entertainment being- greatly appreciated by the occasional travelers 3f the period, and its use in this way being dic- tated quite as much for hospitality as profit. Mr. Euckius was one of the prominent and in- lluential men of the pioneer community and was known as an upright and capable business man. He became the owner of a farm on the Fulton road, in Plain township, and after re- tiring from business in Canton he removed to his farm and there passed the remainder of his life, his death occurring in 1847, when he was well advanced in age. His first wife ac- companied him on his removal to Canton, and ;ifter her death he returned to Pennsylvania and there married her widowed sister, who survived him. and who, after his death, found a home with her daughter, Mrs. Heyl, born of lier first marriage. She passed her declining days' in the city of Columbus, where she died, no children ha\'ing been born of her marriage to Mr. Buckius. His children by the first mar- riage were as follows : Samuel, who married :i Miss Dunbar, of Canton, died at his home in Mansfield. Ohio; Valentine married, in Canton, Miss Maria Kitzmiller (sister of the wife of the subject), and she died in Canton, her husband subsequently marrying Judith Ann Longe- necker. who likewise died in Canton. At the time of the gold excitement in California, in 1849 o'' 1850, Valentine Buckius, accompanied by three of his grown children, went to that state and there passed the remainder of his life: Sylvanus. the next in order of birth, mar- ried Sarah Adams, and his death occurred in Massillon, this cotinty ; Henry, who was for many years engaged in the tinning business in Canton, married Catherine Reed and here passed the residue of his life; John, subject of th!s memoir, was the youngest son, and the rlaughters in the family were: Savilla. who be- came the wife of a ]\Ir. Beals, and Catherine, who was twice married. John ]3uckius, to whom this tribute is dedi- cated, was born in the old log house previously mentioned, on the court house block. Canton, on the 25th of January, 1813, and his early education was received in private or subscrip- tion schools of the pioneer x-illage, one of his early instructors having been a ^Ir. Goodwell, who was one of the class commonly designated in those days as "Yankee teachers." As a youth the subject learned the harness making and saddlery trade under the direction of John Reed, and in this line of enterprise he was for a few years engaged on his own responsibility, his shop being on the site of the present First Methodist Episcopal church. About 1837 he remo\-ed with his family to Paris, this county, where he conducted a hotel for a few years, this old "tavern" of the earl)- days being a stopping place for all stages tra\-ersing" the state road. Later he located on a farm in Co- lumbiana county, where he remained for a few years, and he became also the owner of much farm land and to\Mi property in and about Up- per Sandusky, Wyandot county, removing to that locality, but remaining only six months, owing to the dire efl'ects experienced by mem- bers of tl'.e family in the frequent and insistent attacks of "fever and ague," as the preva- lent malady was termed. He accordingly re- turned to Canton and took up his abode in a house where the First Methodist Episcopal church now stands, and there continued to fol- low his trade for a number of years. He event- ually rPmo\-ed the old liouse from this site and erected in its ])lace a large brick residence, which was the family home until about 1858, when, in company with his son-in-law, Mr. Hawk, he purchased the brick residence of Isaac Harter, located on the lot adjoining on the east and separated only by a brick wall. The tWLi buildings were remodeled and united 21 338 OLD LANDMARKS and finally opened to the public as the St. Cloud Hotel in the spring of 1858. In October of the following year the property was destrt)yed by fire, and Messrs. Buckius and Hawk then became associated in the purchase of the prop- erty on the opposite corner, where the Frank- lin Hotel then stood and where the Hurford Hotel was located up to within recent years. They changed the name of the Franklin tn that originally adoj^ted for their other house, and continued to successfully conduct the hotel at that location until the spring of 1864. when Mr. Buckius retired from active business, buy- ing the residence property at the corner of Eighth street and McKinley avenue, where he resided for many years. He died at the home of his daughter, Mrs. Hawk, on the 31st of March. 1883, in the fullness of years and well earned honors and lamented by a host of friends in the community where he had passed so great a portion of his life. He was a man of utmost sincerity, urbane and genial at all times, and his honor was of the most exalted type. His intellectual powers were of superior order and he had distinctive business ability, while his counsel and advice were fre- quentl}' suught in regard to matters of public pulicy and civic enterprise. In politics he was arrayed with the Whig party until the organi- zation of the Republican, whose principles he afterward advocated without reservation. He had the niniost reverence for the spiritual veri- ties and was a devoted member of the First Methodist Episcopal church from the time of its organization until he was finally summoned into eternal rest, secure in the faith which he had so earnestly professed and exemplified. In 1834, in Canton, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Buckius to Miss Rebecca Kitzmiller. who was born on the 29th of De- cember, 1814, un tlie old Kitzmiller farm, one of the noted homesteads of the vicinity of Can- ton in the early days, a daughter of Jacob and Sarah (Kru^l Kitzmiller, both families hav- ing been of prominence and wealth in Holland, whence came the original representatives in America, taking up their abode in Pennsylva- nia, from which state members of each family came to Ohio in the early pioneer epoch. The venerable wife of the Imnored subject still re- sides in Canton, being one of the oldest lixing persons native of this city and having the rev- erential affection of a wide circle of devoted friends. She is likewise a devoted member of the First Methodist Episcopal church, in whose work she was acti\-e until compelled to with- draw in a measure by reason of the inlirmities incidental to advanced age. Her mother was a small girl in Germantown, Pennsylvania, at the time Washington was there with his army, a!id she retained a vi\id reccjilection of the occasion. She was reared in a Moravian school and was a daughter of Jacob Krug, who came to Ohio, but who finally remo\-ed to Craw- fords\i!Ie, Indiana, where he died at the age of one hundred and two years. The parents of Mrs. Buckius both died in Canton. She is now tenderly cared for in the home of one of her daughters, Mrs. Hawk. To I\Ir. and Mrs. Buckius were born two daughters, Ella La\inia and Sarah Frances. The latter married Thomas Stackpole, a cap- tain in the I'nited States army during the Civil war, and died in Athens, Tennessee, April I", 1898. They had one son. Ralph D. Stack- pole, now residing in Harrislmrg, Pennsyha- nia. ]Mrs. Stackpole resides in Canton. Ella Lavinia (Buckius) Hawk was Ixini in the old home, erected in 1829, on West Tus- carawas street. Canton, where the News Ex- change is now located, on the loth of January, 1836, and slie was reared in her native town. She prosecuted her studies in the pri\-ate semi- nary conducted by Ebenezer Buckingham, later attended a union school, taught by Ira M. Al- len and M iss Betsey Cowles, and completed her scholastic discipline in Esther Institute, an ex- cellent school, then conducted in the citv of Co- 'm /' 'fJ/T^ dfa^^ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 339 lumbus. On the 27th of April, 1858, in Can- ton. Rev. Ebenezer Buckingham, a Presbyter- ian clergyman, pronounced the solemn words wliich united the destinies of Ella Lavinia Ikickius and William Hawk, concerning whom mention has already been made in this article. Mr. Hawk was born in Pennsylvania in 1836. and when he was still an infant his parents, William and Mary Hawk, removed thence to Canton, where they passed the remainder of their li\es. lionored pioneers of the city. ]Mr. Hawk died on the 25th of January, 1864. They had one child, William S., who was born in this city on the nth of February, 1859, and who here received his early educati(_inal training. At the age of ten years he entered the Gray- lock School, in Massachusetts, and after com- pleting his education he went to New York city, where he secured a thorough business training in the old Windsor Hotel. Fifth ave- nue and Forty-fifth street, at that time one of the best in th.e metropolis and conducted by his uncle. Samuel Hawk, who died in 1882, after which William S. became associated with Gard- ner Weatherby in the conducting of the same hotel, from which they retired one year prior to the burning of the same with so fearful loss of life in 1898. They soon afterward erected the magnificent Manhattan Hotel, at the corner of Madison avenue and Forty-second street, in New "^'ork, which has since been conducted un- der the firm name of Hawk & Weatherby, Wil- liam S. having been the able successor of his uncle and Lieing recognized as one of the lead- ing hotel men in the Union. In New York city he married Miss Edith Davis, and they have three cliildren — Annette Catherine, Edith Olivia and William Davis. REV. EMIL P. HERBRUCK.— The his- tory of the Reformed church in Canton is very closely identified with the life and achievement of the Herbruck family, a promi- nent member of which is the subject of this sketch, who, as a worthy successor of his dis- tinguished father, has labored successfully in the broad field of religious endeavor and earned a reputation as one of the leading di\-ines of his communion in the state of Ohio. Emil P. Herbruck, son of Rev. Peter and Sarah ( Hol- wick) Herbruck, was born in the old family residence at 1003 East Tuscarawas street. Can- ton. Ohio, on the 5th day of January, 1857.. His early life was marked Ijy no special event worthy of note and from the age of six tc ten lie attended the public schools of the citv, after which he spent three years in the paroch- ial schools with the object in view of receiv- ing religious instructions and intellectual train- ing. Meanwhile the influences of Christian parents had much to do in shaping his charac- ter and making him what he has since become, — a symmetrically developed man, intellectu- ally, morally and spiritually. When thirteen years of age he entered Calvin Institute, a pri- vate school in which boys are prepared for col- lege, and there he applied himself verv dili- gently for three years, making an honorable record as a student. Finishing the prescribed course of the above institution, young Her- bruck was entered at Heidelberg Uni\ersity, Tifiin, Ohio, where he prosecuted his studies until 1875 when he was graduated at the early age of eighteen. Having decided to devote his life to the noble work of the ministry, he began his theological course in the Heidelberg Seminary, finishing his work there in 1876, and in May of that year accepted a call to the Grace Reformed church in the city of Akron. During a pastorate of ten and a half years there he was instrumental in greatly adding to the church numerically and extending the bounds of its influence, not the least of his labors be- ing the erection of a beautiful and commodious temple of worship of modern design, which 340 OLD LANDMARKS was finished and dedicated witli ai)i)ropriate cer- emonies in 1883. This edifice is of pressed brick, imposing in appearance, and stands as a monument of the zeal and self sacrificing efforts of the earnest pastor under whose ad- ministration the work was undertaken and puslied to successful completion. Resigning his charge in the fall of 1886, Rev. Herbruck Ijecame pastor of Trinity Re- formed church in Canton, at that time a small congregation of one hundred and fifty com- mmiicants, a number which, under his masterly leadership, has since increased until the rec- ords now show a membership of one thousand two hundred and fifty, a growth unparalleled in the history of any other religious body in the city. He began his labors here under favoraljle auspices and by carefully working according to methodical plans has realized results such as few in much longer pastorates have accom- plished. Additional to the large increase in membership, there has been a corresponding advancement in all departments of work and in' the church in all its liberality and spiritual growth, general usefulness and helpfulness in the thri\ing community where God planteil it there has l>eenno backward movement. Here. as in Akron, it became necessary to provide a building of sufficient capacity to meet the recjuirements of the congregation, accord- ingly in 1892 a movement to that end was in- augurated and in due time took visible form. Before the expiration of that year the present handsome and imposing brick structure of Romancs(|ue design was completed and formal- ly dedicated to the purpose for which intended, the event being a glad day in the history of the organization. The house, which occupies a fav6rable site in one of the best quarters of the city, is arranged \\-ith all modern conven- iences and is sufficiently comnKKlious to meet the purposes of the congregation for years to come. Ive\-. Herbruck is first of all an hunilde and devout disciple of the Xazarene, after which his ;^clu)larly attainments and persuasive pow- ers as a forcible and eloquent speaker may be considered. Clear and cogent as a rcasoner, rtuenl in language and apt in illustration, he presents the claims of the gospel in strong but elegant terms which are easily understood Ijy his auditors and he seldom fails to impress his people by the earnestness of his message. Both as citizen and embassador of Christ he comes very near the highest ideals of life, combining in his person all of those rarer gifts which we ha\-c come to believe are embodied in the best type of.Christain manhood. Rev. Herbruck has not been unmindful of the claims the public has upon all its citizens, consecjuently he manifests a lively interest in the material welfare of his adopted city and takes an acti\-e part in tlie political cjuestions of the day. He is a Democrat in state and national issues and, all things being equal, supports his party's nom- inees for local offices; otherwise he casts his ballot for the best qualified candidate regard- less of political ties and never hesitates to give expression to his opinion when it becomes ex- pedient to do so. He ser\ed on the new audi- torium hoard and in other ways has manifested an interest in the public improvements of Can- ton, believing the minister's mission to be wide enough to include many atTairs not cxactl_\- in the es]3ecial line of church work. Fraternally he holds membership with the Pythian brother- hood, lielonging to the Canton Lodge. On the I till day of October, 1884. Rev. Herbruck was married in the city of Akron to -Miss Iris h. Zwisler, daughter of Rev. John antl Rebecca Zwisler, the union being blessed with children whose names and dates of birth are as follows: Carl P.. !\Iay 5, 1886: Wendall Arden, I'cbruary 23, 1888: Xina Irene. March 5, i8r)0, and Marguerite, who was born Octo- ber 29. 1893. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 341 WILLIAM F. RAYNOLDS.— "Peace liatli its victories no less renowned than war." said Sumner, and this fact has Ijeen jiroven oft- en and again as the march of progress lias con- tinued witli ever accelerating speed. But the crucial period, and the one which evokes the most exalted patriotism, is tliat when a nation's lionor is menaced, its integrity threatened and tlie great ethic principles of right in\'iil\-etl. Then is sterling manhood roused to definite Ijrotest and decisi\-e action, and ahove ah the tumult and horror of internecine conflict never can greater honor he paid than to him who aided in holding high the standard which repre- sents the mtrinsic principles of liberty, hurl- ing oppression back and keeping the boon of freedom. The military career of the subject of this memoir was one which will ever re- dc^Leyv^ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 345 ser (as tlie name was originally spelled) came to Stark cxninty in 1805 with fi\-e sons and five daughters. His father, John Slusser, married Nancy, daughter of Philip Dewalt. Dr. Slus- ser's Ijoyhood days were spent in Canton. After his course through the various private schools the town afforded he entered Jefferson College, in Canonsliurgh. Pennsylvania, where he re- mained four years, when failing health com- ]jelled him to seek a more congenial climate. He went to Georgia and after his health was improved remained and opened a college pre- paratory school for young men, which he taught for five years. He then began the study of medicine with Dr. Ramsey, of Wilkes coun- ty, Georgia. Dr. Slusser attended his first course of lectures at the National Medical Col- lege in Washington, D. C, after which he re- turned and practiced two years under instruc- tion in his native city. After his second course of lectures in the Ohio Medical College of Cin- cinnati he was gratluated in the spring of 1848 and began the practice of his profession in Ful- ton, this county. In 1885 he was elected a member of the state legislature on the Demo- cratic ticket and served two terms. He was during this term chairman of the committee on benex'olent institutions and was active in secur- ing the passage of the bill providing for the appointment of a medical board of examiners to pass upon the fitness of surgeons for the army. Tn 1 86 1 Dr. Slusser was appointed surgeon of the Sixty-ninth Regiment, Ohio V(_ilunteer Infantry, commanded by Colonel Lewis Camp- bell. Later he became medical director of the brigade to which his regiment belonged, and sulisequently of the division. After his regi- ment was mustered out he accepted a commis- sion as surgeon of the Twenty-sixth Ohio Vol- unteer Infantry, which was sent to the Mexican border, where he remained until 1865. He then returned t(/ Canton and resumed the prac- tice of his profession until 1873, when he was ap]3ointed medical superintendent of the hospi- tal for insane at Cleveland, Ohio, which posi- tion he resigned in 1876 to resume his practice in Canton. He loved his profession and lived long enough to rejoice over the rapid advance- ment it had made since he entered the ranks. He was fearless in times of pestilence and con- tagious diseases, belonging to the class of phy- sicians who ask first, "What is my duty?" rather than "What shall I gain?" L'nder a somewhat bruscjue manner his sympathetic heart and generous hand often led him to sup- plement his professional serx^ices with what- ever was needed for the restoration of those under his care. Preventive medicine had a charm for bun, which cropped out in his love for hygiene and sanitary science, U])(in which subjects he wrote considerably in later years. Dr. Slusser was an ardent advocate of crema- tion, and wrote for medical journals and de- livered lectures upon the subject. He was the organizer oi the (ialen Club, composed of the more prominent members of his profession in Canton, for the interchange of views in prac- tice of medicine as well as for social pleasure. Dr. Slusser was public spirited. He was instrumental in organizing the health board of the city, and for }ears before its organization himself kept a record of vital statistics. He was for some years secretary of the agricultural society. He was the chief organizer of the Old Settlers" Society and was a trustee of the pulj- lic library from the time of its organization till his death. With a number of other citizens the Star Lecture Course was established, when, with the highest fee admissible consistent with the object in view, each member paid a share of the deficit at the end of the year. They felt amply rewarded in living to see their venture, in the hands of the Young Men's Christian As- s(iciati(jn, reach the point of giving fine lec- tures at a nominal rate without a deficit. Dr. Shisser was a member of the Humane Society from the time of its organization and was for 346 OLD LANDMARKS a mnn!)ei" of years a meml)er of the coniniittee of visitors to the cliaritable and correctional in- stitutions of tlie county, appointed by the pro- Ijate court. He was a member of the First Presbyterian church, of the Grand Army of the Republic and of the Masonic fraternity. In 1853 Dr. Slusser married Sarali Pierce, daugiiter of Dr. Joseph Pierce. She (bed in 1863 and in 1866 he married Helena A. Ricks, of Massillon, Ohio. Two daughters were born to them — Georgia, now Mrs. Stan- ley C. Igoe. and Lucile. now Mrs. H. J. Donds. In 1889 Dr. Slusser's health became impaired and he was compelled to retire from active practice. About this time he was appointed as a member of the pension Iward and the duties of this office, with the writing of historical sketches of Stark county, pleasantly occupied his time. After a short illness he passed away December 23, 1892. In compliance with his earnestly expressed wish, his remains were cre- mated and his ashes deposited in Lakeview cem- eterv of his native citv. DR. ISAAC STEESE, the eldest of five sons of Jacob and Sarah Deshler Steese. was born at Steese's Mills, Union C(_iunty, Penn- sylvania, December 23, 1809. At a very early age he went to li\'e with his paternal grand- mother, a woman of much local celelority for her vigorous intellect and wonderful force of character. It is l)elieved that while with lier the boy laid the foundation for his taste for books, and many traits that distinguished him through life. In 1819 he moved with his fath- er's family to Penn's Creek, where he lived till his si.xteenth year engaged most of the time in a woolen mill, and occasionally in rafting logs down the tributaries of the Susquehanna. In 1825, his father, who before this time had been in prosperous circumstances, became embar- rassed through going security for friends, and through the monetary troubles of the times. and moved to New Cumberland, Tuscarawas county, Ohio, where Isaac taught a country school one winter, and was engaged in a small woolen mill the following summer. Tlie next year the family moved to Uniontown, Stark county, Ohio. Here, as the oldest of tlie fam- ily, he had for three years ahnost entire charge of another small woolen mill in the summer, and engaged in teaching during the winter months. In 1829, being then twenty years old, he went to Canton, and for fouf years attended a select school taught by Dr. Barak Michener, and reading medicine with Dr. Gardner. Hav- ing completed his professional studies and re- ceived his degree, lie practiced medicine for the following seven years, part of the time at Shanesville, and part of the time at Canal Dov- er, Tuscarawas county. Here, on the 15th of July. 1835, he was married to Miss Ann John- son, who survives him. From 1840 to 1845 he lived at Canal Dover, carrying on various milling and mercantile enterprises, and in the latter year removed to New Philadelphia. In the fall of 1S46 he came to Massillon, where he resided until the time of his death. In November, 1847, the Union Bank of Massill<:)n was organized, with Dr. Steese as president, and the late Sebastian Brainard, Esq., as cashier: this position he resigned in 1850. to engage in a private banking house with H. B. Hurlbut, Esq., and Mr. Alvin Vin- ton. One year later, in 1851, the private bank- ing house was dissolved, and the Merchants Bank of Massillon was organized, with Dr. Steese as president and Mr. S. Hunt as cash- ier. This bank continued in successful opera- tion without change of its executive officers until January, 1864. when it was merged in the First National Bank of Massillon, which from its organization has been managed b)- Dr. Steese, Mr. Hunt and Mr. Charles Steese. With Dr. Steese's removal to Massillon, he entered upon his widest field of usefulness. For twenty-tive years he was one of the larg- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 347 St landed proprietors and farmers of tlie coun- y. For twenty-five years he was the manager if the largest banking institution in the coun- y. No man was better fitted by nature and cquirements for ari eminent banker. Of the I'hole theory and science of banking, he was thorough master. His perfect rectitude and iitegrity were widely known, and were ne\-er uestioned where known. His perfect ac- uaintance with business and his sagacity were uch that the mstitutions under his direction lassed through all the monetary convulsions if the past quarter of a century almost wholly without loss, and without once failing to make heir customary dividends to their shareholders, rheir shares were never upon the market, un- 2ss brought there by the death of their owners. Uways anxious to encourage the commercial nd industrial enterprises of the place so far as e safely could, no consideration of public spirit ir private friendship could cause him to for- ;et for a moment that as a banker he was the rusted custodian of other people's money. The universal respect and confidence which e inspired, caused him largely to be sought lUt as the manager of the funds of people in eclining years, or widows, or minor children, nd people of small savings, carefully husband- d and left with him as in a place of the last se,- urity against a time of need. In times of finan- ial peril and alarm, the sense of responsibil- :y which these peculiarly sacred trusts entailed pon him was oppressive, sometimes almost rushing. Always a man of marked indi\iduality, one f the most prominent traits of his character ras his strong attachment for books and for ound and generous literature. It began with is earliest boyhood. Before he was fifteen he | ecured the use of a little island in Penn's creek nd planted it with castor beans, with the sole lurpose of founding a library with the pro- eeds. Friends who knew him fortv vears ago i are full of amusing recollections of his insepar- able companionship with books. A few men who begin life with these tastes preserve them to the last, but generally at the expense of all relish for business avocations. It was not so with him. His active and com- prehensive mind maintained to the last its keen enjoyment of intellectual pursuits, and the most thorough understanding of all the details of afifairs. For twenty-five years he directed his extensive farming operations, the running of his banks, ^id a multitude of private under- takings, and during all this time he was a de- voted and most loving student. He seemed to have the power of perfectly absorbing the whole contents of a book. What was once read was never forgotten. He delighted to share with others the result of his studies, and could condense into an hour's conversation the whole pith and substance of a bulky volume. Few practicing physicians kept so well read up in the advance of medical science. The dis- cox^ery of a new remedy, a new method, or an ingenious operation was hailed with the joy of an enthusiast. There is no book in the Eng- lish language treating of metaphysical topics that he was not familiar with. Not twenty men in the nation \\ere better informed in poli- tics in the large and best sense of the word — in political economy, and especially in questions of finance, taxation, the interchange of com- modities, and the fluctuations of prices : his knowledge of the action of our own and Euro- pean government on these subjects was ^■ery full, and his reasonings wonderfully clear. It was a subject of frequent regret among friends that he had not exercised his talents of this kind in a wider way. and in a public capacity. In several departments of natural philos- ophy, in history, in the best lighter literature, in social and reformatory topics he was well read, and kept abreast with the best minds of the asre. His kindness of heart was uni\-ersallv 348 OLD LANDMARKS known and acknuwledg'ccl. But llie extent of it never was, and never will he known. Hun- dreds of the kindest acts of his life were so. quietly and so delicately done that they never reached the knowledge of any l)ut the recipi- ents of them. Of the most genial disposition, few men so enjoyed the society of his fellows. The home which he jjuilded up in Massil- lon, was known far and near not more for its elegance, its culture and refinement than for its open handed hospitality. It was always the home of teachers of youth. Its welcoming doors were always open. There were few days in the year when its generous tables were not surrounded, and its rooms were not filled with neighboring or distant friends. At this hcmie on the loth day of August, 1874, attended by all that the highest medical skill or the most painfully anxious aftection could suggest, min- istered to by loving hands, and surrounded by a devoted and heart broken family, he quietly passed away. CONRAD SCHWEITZER.— A repre- sentative member of the banking fraternity in Stark countv, Ohio, and one who is known as one of the most loyal and public-spirited citi- zens of the attractive capital of Stark count}', is Conrad Schweitzer, who stands at the execu- tive head of the People's Savings Bank, of which he is treasurer, while the organization of the same was effected chiefly through his efforts. Mr. Schweitzer was horn in the city of Canton, this countv, on the (Sth of Januarw 1S55, being a son of Conrad and Xanette (Kuert) Schweitzer, both of whom were born in the fair little republic of Switzerland, where they were reared and educated and where their marriage was .solemnized. They emigrated to .\inerica in the year 1848 and soon afterward took vip their residence in C;uiton, where Mr. Schweitzer was engaged in the retail hardware business from 1850 until iSCiA, when he re- moved with his family to Xew \o\'\i city, where he established himself in the wholesale hard- ware business, in which he continued until his death, which occurred in 1873, at which time he was forty-nine years of age. He was man of fine mental ability and business acumen, while his integrity and honor in all the relations of life were bevond ca\'il. so that he held the high regard of all with whom he came in con- tact. After his death the affairs of his estate were adjusted and his business interests in the national metropolis were sold out in i87(), while two years later his family returned to Canton, where our subject has since maintained his residence. The mcjther of Mr. Schweitzer is still lixing in Canton at the \enerable age of eighty-four years. She is a devoted member of the German Reformed church, as was also her husband, while in politics he gave his alle- giance to the Democratic part)-, taking an ac- tive and intelligent interest in the (juestions and issues of the hour. To him and his wife were born eight children, of whom all are li\iug at the present time. Conrad Schweitzer. Jr., the immediate sub- ject of this review, received his preliminary educational discipline in the pnl)lic schools of Crmton and the city of Brooklyn, Xew York. where the family resided during the time his father was engaged in business in Xew ^'llrk. and later the subject ;itten(led the military acad- emy at College Point, Long Island. He left school at the age of fifteen years and then Ije- came an erranil bov in his father's wholesale hardw^ire establishment in Xew ^'ork city, and he continued to be identified with the enter- ])rise until the death of his father and was about twenty-one years of age at the time when the family retiuMied to Canton, where he was there- after concerned in merchandising and other en- terjirises of commercial character for a num- ber of vears. In i8<)i Mr. Schweitzer effected the organization of the People's Savings Bank, one of the solid and popular monetary institu- 'i ^.T^. S-if^-C" *'*-//--w/jm; ii'X^ri'.i I- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 349 ions of tliis section of the state, aiul he has )een its active head from the time of its incep- ion to tlie present. Tlie l)ank is capitahzed or tifty tiiousand dollars and its executive orps at tlie present time is as follows : Presi- lent, John C. Welty ; treasurer. . Conrad ichweitzer : secretary, Calvin L. Garner. ¥oY nianv years Mr. Schweitzer has mani- ested a live and helpful interest in puhlic af- airs of a local nature, and he has been called ipon to serve in various positions of trust and esponsibility. in each of which his interposi- ion has ])roved of definite and unequivocal alue. In 1882 he was elected a member of the loard of trustees of the water works of Can- on, in 1887 was elected to membership on the loard of ec[ualization and in 1890 was chosen . member of the board of park commissioners, •"or his able and timely efforts in the capacity ast mentioned the citizens of Canton owe liim . perpetual debt of gratittide. for he was the irst to urge the importance of securing a public lark system for the city, and it was principall}- hrougli his instrumentality that the heirs of he estate of George Cook were prevailed upon donate to the city thirty-four acres of beau- iful and eligibly located land for park pur- loses. and this ])roperty has already been well iipro\-ecl and is consistently known as Cook 'ark. In politics Mr. Schweitzer is an ardent )emocrat and is prominent in the local coun- ils of the party, in whose cause he has been a ealous worker. He was a delegate to the na- ional con\-ention of the party in 1896 at Chi- ago, and in r 884.-5 '^^ ^^''^'^ chairman of the )emocratic executive committee of Stark ounty. He is an a]")preciati\'e and xalued mem- er of the time-honored Masonic fraternity, in rhich his affiliations are as follows : William .IcKir.ley (formerly Eagle) Lodge. No. 431, •"ree and Accepted Masons ; Canton Chapter, Co. 84, Royal Arch Masons; Canton Council. Co. 35, Royal and Select Masters, and Canton "ommandery, Xo. 38. Knights Templar. He has thus completed the entire circle of the York Rite in this noble fraternal organization. On the 27th of October. 1886. Mr. Schweit- zer was united in marriage to Miss Helen R. Cook, who vi'as born and reared in Canton, be- ing a daughter of George Cook, wlio was a pri.iininent manufacturer and representative citizen -of this i)lace, where he died in the vear 1879. CARRELL B. ALLMAN was born in the \'illage of Navarre, Bethlehem township. Stark county, Ohio, on the 29th of December, 1842, anil he died at his iiome in Massillon, on the 2 1 St of February, 1903. He was a son of Daniel and Elizabeth (Baines) Allman. His grand.fatlier. Ebenezer Allman. was a nati\-e of the state of Maryland, where he was born on the nth of Novemlier. 1764. and there he was reared to manhood, and there married Miss Agnes Carrell. who was born on the 20th of July. 1772. They were the parents of thirteen children, namely : George. William, James, Mary, John, Daniel, Carrell, Hamon, James (2) and Barnes (twins), Sarah, Elizabeth and Margaret. Ebenezer jMlman was a pioneer member of and an active worker in the Metho- dist Episcopal church. From Maryland he re- moved to Washington county, Pennsylvania, where he continued to reside until 1808, when he came to Stark county. Ohio, and became the first settler in Bethlehem townsliip. where he passed the residue of his life, having been a man of prominence and infiuence in that pioneer community, and lia\ing developed a good farm in the midst of the forest. Daniel Allman, father of the subject of this memoir, was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, on the i6th of September, 1797, and there received his early educational train- ing, having been about eleven years of age at the time of the family removal to Ohio, where he continued his studies in the primitive pion- 350 OLD LANDMARKS eer schools as opportunity otl'ered, while he contrihuted his quota to reclaiming the home farm to cultivation. Here was solemnized his marriage to Miss Elizabeth Baines, who was born in Yorkshire, England, on the nth of :March, 1819, being a daughter of John Baines, while the maiden name of her mother was Chapman. Mr. and j\lrs. Baines were like- wise numbered among the early settlers of Stark county and were folk of sterling charac- ter. Daniel and Elizabeth Allman became the parents of four children, namely: ]\Ielissa, deceased; Carrell B.. who ligau-es as the imme- diate subject of this tribute; Agnes, deceased, who became the wife of D. M. Anderson and Haymon, who is living near Wilmot, Ohio. After attaining years of maturity Daniel All- man turned his attention to mercantile pur- suits, in which he was engaged at Navarre and Rochester, this county, and for a time at Bolivar, Tuscarawas county. He was a man of distinctive business acumen and was successful in his efforts." He died at Massil- lon, this county, in the year 1867, while his wife resides at the home of C. B. Allman, of Massillon, He was a zealous member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and in politics gave his support to the Republican party. Carrell B. Allman was reared on the home- stead farm, in Bethlehem township, and at- tended the common schools of the neighbor- hood until he had attained the age of eighteen years. He gave manifestation of his intrinsic loyalty at the time of the war of the Rel)ellion, when he went forth in defense of the Union, as a member of the One Hundred and Seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry, in which he served one year, at the expiration of which he re- ceived an honorable discharge, by reason of physical disaljility. In 1864 he became asso- ciated with his father in the mercantile busi- ness at Bolivar, Tuscarawas county, where he spent one year, and in 1868 he came to ^Nlassil- Ibn, with whose business interests he was there- after prominently identified for the long period j of thirty-five years. He here became a mem- ber of the pioneer mercantile firm of J. G. War- I wick & Company, which, in 1871, was succeed- ed by that of Allman, Grosse & Wetter. In 1876 the firm became Allman & Wetter, and continued so until 1882. In 1883 Mr. i\llman became associated with his brother-in-law, John C. F. Putnam, in business, which on January I, 1902, was incorporated under the name of The Allman-Putman Company, under which name the business was and is still conducted though both of the original principals are now deceased. Through the able management and progressive policy inaugurated and maintained by the firm this concern has become one of the most extensive department stores in this section of the state, the same being known as the Bee Hive, and the enterprise is today one which would do credit to a city of much larger popu- lation. During a long and successful com- mercial life, characterized by enterprise and indefatigable application, ]\Ir. Allman ever maintained an enviable reputation for the high- est honor and principle, and no unworthy deed or word ever linked itself with his name, while no citizen made better or more unostentatious use of his accumulations. His life was that of a thorough business man. He was e\er prompt in keeping his business engagements and ex- pected the same consideration on the part of others. He gave a ready hearing to all who desired to see him, and all matters claiming his attention were disposed of quietly and criti- cally. His associates testify in strong terms to his kindness of heart, having found in him not only a safe adviser but also one whose coun- sel was not that of words alone. The fine es- tablishment of the Bee Hive, thoroughly met- ropolitan in its accessories and stock, remains as a monument of his ability and discrimina- tion as a business man, while his name contin- ues as an abiding inspiration to those with whom he came in contact in the various rela- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 351 tions of life. He was a prominent and valued member of the First Alethodist Episcopal church of Massillon, of which he was a trustee, and was an enthusiastic worker in its Sunday school, while he accorded a liberal support to all departments of its work, including its col- lateral benevolences. For many years he was the efficient superintendent of the Sunday school. Fraternally he was identified with the various bodies of the [Masonic order and was signally appreciative of the noble frater- nity, having attained to the degree of a Knight Templar. His political allegiance was given to tlie Republican party and through he was not active in the field of politics, he was ever true to the duties of citizenship and was progres- sive and public-spirited. Mr. Allman was a man of most gracious bearing and genial per- sonality, and possessed a marked capacity for gaining and retaining friends, for he ever held friendship as inviolable and pronounced un- equivocally upon character, without regard to wealth or relative precedence, so that he held the regard of all classes, his death being felt as a personal bereavement in many homes in Massillon, aside from that in whicli the h\6\\' fell with crushing force upon those nearest and dearest to him. On the 15th of September, 1870, i\Ir. All- man was united in marriage to Miss M. Alice Putnam, daughter of the late Captain Timothy C. Putman, concerning whom a memoir ap- pears on other pages of this volume. Three children were born of this tmion, namely: Wal- ter, who is engaged in the plumbing business in Massillon and is also manager for the Ameri- can Sand Company; Grace, who remains with her widowed mother in the beautiful family home; and Elizabeth Alice, who is the wife of Rodolfo Simonetta, of Turin, Italy. At a special meeting of the official board of the First Methodist Episcopal church of Massillon, at the time of the death of Mr. All- man, the following resolutions of respect were adopted : Whereas, For thirty years or more Carrell B. All- man has heen actively interested in the business and spiritual welfare of the First Methodist Episcopal church of Massillon, during most of the time having been a member and for many years a steward, while he also served long and faithfully and acceptably as a class leader and was actively engaged in the work of the Sunday school, as superintendent and teacher for many years, and Whereas, His Christian character throughout his church life has been an example and inspiration to all of us, always showing him to be an humble and faith- ful follower in the footsteps of our beloved Lord and Master, and Whereas, His eminent business capacity and righteous life qualihed him to be a "pillar of the church" and his death has left a sore vacancy in our ranks and in each of our hearts, that we feel will never again be so fitly filled. Resolved, That we calmly bow to what seems to be the will of his God and ours, in calling him from his sufferings to his "exceeding great reward'' ; Resolved, That in behalf of the church and its offi- cers, collectively and individually, we. tender to his heartbroken family our sympathies, emphasized by the assurance that we also are sorely stricken. Resolved, That his official chair shall remain vacant for the remainder of our conference year; Resolved, That a copy of this expression shall be given to the family. A farther appreciative estimate of the life and character of Mr. Allman was that which appeared in one of the local newspapers at the time of his demise, and this, too, consistently, is given reproduction in permanent form in con- clusion of this brief tribute to a loved and hon- ored citizen : The blow which has fallen upon the Allman home iu this city is one that also smites the whole city with genuine sorrow. The sacred sorrow behind the closed doors on East Main street and the piteous pain of that daughter whose bridal wreaths have scarcely faded and who is speeding to-night across the continent to her mother's side, — these griefs can not be known to any but God. But in the wider circle of church and business, and the yet wider one of citizenship there comes a sense of irreparable loss when a good man dies that is near 352 OLD LANDMARKS akin to personal grief. So this Satnrday night the name of C. B. Alhiian will be npon many a lip and a gloom upon many a heart of men and women who knew him only in brief contact of business ; and those who knew him better will pause and speak together with tearful eyes about his life and deeds, and to sympathize with his dear ones in this, their saddest hour. REV. O. BROWN MILLIGAN.— The lirst representative of the MilHgan family in the I'nited States was tlie paternal grandfather of the ^tihject. Rev. James Milligan. D. D., who was l)orn in Scotland, and who had enlisted in the English army, in which he was preparing to serve as an officer, when, hy inadvertance or accident, his messmate appeared with a small hint (if tiimr on the sleeve of his uni- form, for which insignificant offense he re- ceived five Innidrcd lashes, the injnstice and indignity causing him to desert from the ranks and flee to America, where he became a prom- inent clergvman of the Reform Presbyterian church, having made his home in Pennsylvania until the time of his death. Rev. O. Brown Milligan is a native of the old Keystone state of the Union, having been born (in a farm adjoining the little town of New Alexandria, Westmoreland county, Penn- sylvania, on the 4th of November, 1861, being a son of Rev. Alexander McLeod and Ellen Snodgrass Milligan. the former of whom was Ijorn at Ryegate, Caledonia county, Vermont, A])ril 6, 182J, and the latter in New Alexan- dria, Pennsylvania. The Rev. A. M. Milligan was a leading and well known minister and for years was the pastor of the Eighth-street Reformed Presbyterian church in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. His death occurred on th(r jth of May, 18S5, while he was in the West with the object of recouping his shattered health. His wife's death occurred in 1868. They were the parents of nine children. Wh.en the subject was abotit seven years of age his father received a call to a clnnxdi in Pittsburg, antl iri that city O. Brown was reared to manhood, completing the curriculum of the public schools and preparing for college in the Xewell Institute, in Pittsburg. In i87(; he was matriculated in Geneva College, at Beaver Fails, Pennsyhania, where he com- pleted the classical and literary course and was graduated as a member of the class of 1883. Ha\ing determined to prepare himself for the ministry, Mr. Milligan then entered the semi- nary of the Reformed Presbyterian church, in Allegh.eny Cit)', Pennsylvania, where he com- pleted liis theological course, being graduated in May, 1887, and jjeing ordained to the minis- try in June of that year. Soon after his gradu- .'ition he received a call to a church of the Cove- nanters' denomination in Delaware county, Xew York, and it was there that his ordination took place, while he was duly installed as pas- tor of the church on the 22d of June. 1887. After a successful pastorate of one and one- half years Mr. Milligan received a call to the church of the same denominati(.)n in the East End of the city of Pittsburg, and he assumed this charge, which he retained about two years. The discipline of this denomination forliade the exercising of the right of franchise by any of its members, maintaining that the constitu- tion of the L nited States was a Godless instru- ment and should receixe no recognition from this definite order from the church. Realizing the injustice of this policy, the subject asso- ciated himself with si.x other ministers in an attempt along orderly lines to change the law and discipline of the church m refer- ence to this matter. The result of their action was that they were summoned before the synod of the church and charged with heresy. They could not jirevail upon the synod to realize the disloyalty and un- reasonableness of this particular item of disci- pline, and accordingly determined to withdraw and united themselves with a more lilieral and American denomination. Shortlv after this ac- "-;, .h.s^n^/Zt^s SBi-^jvy t CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 353 tioii Mr. Alilligan received a call to the Second Presbyterian church of Braddock, Pennsylva- nia, this being in the spring of 1893, and this important charge he held until the fall of 1895, having done a most effective work and having gained the affectionate regard and ready co- operation of the church people, who were ap- preciative of his efforts. He withdrew from this field of labor to accept the call to his pres- ent pastorate, and during his eight years" in- cumbency he has done much to vitalize both the spiritual and temporal work of the church, in- fusing enthusiasm in all departments and giv- ing himself unreservedly to the promotion of its best interests and to the cause of religious advancement in the community. As a speaker Mr. Milligan is forceful, direct and convincing, his every utterance bearing the evidence of su- preme faith and personal sincerity, while his language is at all times chaste and dignified, as befitting the office and the sacred place. His administrative capacity is also excellent, so that the church has l^en prospered and blessetl dur- ing his pastorate. In his political proclivities Mr. Milligan is independent, and he takes a deep interest in the issues and questions of the hour, being a man of high intellectuality and broad general information. On the 7th of June, 1892, in the city of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, Mr. JMilligan was united in marriage to Miss Nannie Agnew, who was l5orn in Pennsylvania, being a daughter of George W. and Margaret (Mahaffey) Agnew. She is a woman of gracious presence and gen- tle refinement, and has proved an able coadju- tor to her husl^and in his chosen work. They are the parents of two daughters, ]\Iargaret Eleanor and Harriet Lavinia. In 1847, at New Alexandria, Pennsylvania. Rev. Alexander M. Milligan was united in marriage to Miss Ellen Snodgrass, who was born in New Alexandria, Westmoreland county, Pennsyhania, on the 26th of July, 1826, a daughter of Hon. John Snodgrass, and 22 she died in the city of Pittsburg on the 8th of January, 1868, after a happy married life of twenty-one years. Hon. John Snodgrass was born in Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, in 1 708, and he operated the old Pennsylvania stage line between Pittsburg and eastern points. He was one of the contractors on the construc- tion of the Pennsylvania railroad, doing a large portion of the grading between Pittsburg and Harrisburg. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania legislature, being one of the in- fluential and honored men of the state, and dur- ing the war of the Rebellion he was looked upon as one of the most potent forces in up- holding the policy of Governor Curtin. He owned large tracts of land in Westmoreland county, and to each of his five children who at- tained years of maturity he gave four hundred acres of land. He was distinctively a man of affairs, having operated paper mills and grist mills and having had various other important capitalistic interests. He was twice married, the maiden name of his first wife having been Ann Mason. She was born in Westmoreland county, April 14, 1802, and died January 15, 1 85 1. He died at New Alexandria, that county, on the 7th of November, 1878. ♦ » » SERAPHIM SHIVELY.— This well- known citizen was one of the old soldiers who fought in the great Rebellion to perpetuate the union of states and to wipe the curse of slav- ery forever from our national escutcheon. He w^as for many years connected with the busi- ness interests of Canton and after a long and useful life fraught with much good to his fel- low men, finished his earthly course and quiet- ly passed into the great unknown whither in due time all that now live shall follow him. Seraphim Shively was a native of Stark coun- ty, Ohio, born in the town of Louisville on the loth day of November, 1836. His parents be- ing in very ordinary circumstances, he was 354 OLD LANDMARBIS denied the prixileijes wliich many boys enjoy, consequently his education was limited and while still a mere youth lie started out to make his own way in the world. He remained in his nati\e village until reaching the years of young manhood, meanwhile finding employ- ment on the Pittsburg & Ft. Wayne Railroad when that line was being extended through this part of Ohio. Mr. Shively went to work as a common laborer, but it was not long until he was made foreman of a section of the road and as such he discharged his duty in a manner highly satisfactorily to his employers until the completion of the road. When about twenty- two years old he came to Canton and for some time thereafter clerked in various mercantile houses, finally engaging in the clothing busi- ness m partnership with Sol Fisher, the firm thus constituted lasting until the breaking out of the great Rebellion. Disposing of his interests in the business, Mr. Shively, in 1861, enlisted in Company F, Fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with which he ser\-e(l during the greater part of the war, veteranizing some time before the close of the struggle as second lieutenant in the One Hun- dred and Sixtieth Regiment. He took p.irt in many of the most noted battles of the Vir- ginia campaign, having served in the Amiy of the Potomac during the bloodiest period of the war. He was with his command in the first battle of Bull Run and from that time on par- ticipated in nearly every engagement of note until the fall of the Confederacy at Appomat- tox Court House. At one time, while on de- tailed service with a battery, he was \-ioIently thrown from a caisson when going into battle, the fall resulting in an injury which necessi- tated his retirement for some months from ac- tive duty. When sufTticiently recovered he re- enlisted, as above stated, and at the e.xpiration of his term of ser\ice was discharged as second lieutenant, having won that promotion by brave and meritorious conduct on the field of battle. Returning to Canton at the close of the war, 'Sir. Shively accepted a clerkship in the store of Mr. Zollars and after spending a few years in that capacity opened a grocery on the east side of the public square. Subsequently he aban- doned that line of business and engaged in the dry-goods trade in the same room, but after a few years" experience, disposed of his stock and purchased a general store in the town of Xavarre. He was in business at that place for a period of sixteen years, selling out in 1885 and returning to Canton, where he again turned his attention to the grocery trade, open- ing a store on South Market street. After a limited experience in the grocery line he closed out his establishment and started a bakery on East Tuscarawas street, but this not coming up to his expectations he abandoned the business after a short time and entered the shipping de- partment of the Danner manufacturing plant. He remained with Mr. Danner for several years and pro\ed a most faithful and capable em- ploye, but ill health, superinduced by e.xpos- ure in the army, finally compelled him to re- sign his position and retire to private life. Mr. Shively was an active business man and as a citizen stood high in the esteem of the people of Canton. In state and national affairs he voted the Democratic ticket, but in local mat- ters never permitted the claims of party to bias his judgment in favor of the wrong man for oflice. He was a member of the Grand Arm\' of the Republic post at Navarre and to the end of his davs maintained a lively interest in all matters pertaining to the old soldiers and their organizations. Mr. Shively was married in Canton. June 2Q, 1865, to Miss Frances Cunningham, who prox'cd a faithful helpmeet and lining com- panion to him during the remainder of his earthh' sojourn. Mr. .Slii\elv lived according CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 355 o his highest ideals of I'ight and justice and )n the 8th day of August, 1892, at his home n Canton, gently breathed his last and passed o his reward. In his death the city lost a valu- ible citizen, the country a true patriot, his wife md family a loving and devoted husband and 'ather, and all who came within the range of lis influence, a loyal and unsuspecting friend. He died as he had lived, at peace with God md his fellow man, and the memory of his cindly deeds will long remain enshrined in the learts of those he left behind. Mrs. Frances Shively was born at her Father's home in Canton, Ohio, November 27, 1842. Her father, Thomas Cunningham, whose birth occurred at Salem, New Jersey, in the year 1800, was a representative of one of the oldest families in Stark county, his parents, William and Elizabeth Cunningham, moving to this state as early as 1810, locating first in the county of Crawford, and some time in the 'twenties changing their abode to Canton. William Cunningham, a shoemaker by trade, had a shop in an early day on old Market street and worked there until his death, which took place prior to the year 1842 : his wife sur- vived him many years, dying in this city at a very old age. He was of Scotch and she of Welsh-English descent, their ancestors coming to this country at an early period in the time of the colonies. They had children as follows : William, Samuel. Thomas, David, Daniel, Mary, wife of Dr. Bonfield, and Eliza, who died unmarried at the age of seventy-five years, all of the number having long since having passed into the life beyond. Thomas Cunningham was perhaps the first undertaker of Canton. He formerlj' owned the lot now occupied by the Yohe hotel and there ran a shop for the manufacture of cofiins, furniture, carriages, in addition to which he also did all kinds of repairing. He carried on a flourishing business for many years, but finally suffered a severe loss by fire, his shop and con- tents being completely destroyed by the flames. Being a man of remarkable energy, he subse- quently recovered from his re\-erse and con- tinued to do a successful business, especially in the line of undertaking, until within a short time before his death. He was a skillful me- chanic and many specimens of his handicraft are still to be found in the older homes of Can- ton, some of the furniture being as solid and substantial as when it left his shop sixty years ago. He departed this life about 1858, his wife surviving him until September, 1900, \\-hen she died, at the advanced age of ninety- four years. The census of that year mentions her as the oldest person then living in the county of Stark. The maiden name of Mrs. Thomas Cunningham was Caroline Shirk. She was born in 1806 in Lancaster county, Pennsyl- vania, the daughter of Mathias and Anna (Weaver) Shirk, and came to Stark county with an uncle, Henry Weaver, as early as 1826, her parents joining her one year later. Reverting to the life of Mrs. Shively. it is learned that she spent the years of her child- hood and early youth with her grandmother near Akron, and there attended her first term of school. Subsequently she entered the schools of Canton and such was her progress that she completed the high school course be- fore attaining her fifteenth year, graduating as valedictorian of her class. When but fourteen years old she successfully passed the required examination for a teacher's license and would ha\'e taught before finishing her high school studies had she not been dissuaded from such a course by a friend of the family. She had secured a school in the country and was on her way to take charge of the same when met by the friend referred to alxive. who persuaded her to change her mind, telling her she was en- tirely too young and unexperienced to assume the duties of the school room. Her mother also discouraged her and between the two she was finally persuaded to abandon for the time the 356 OLD LANDMARKS project of teaching and finish lier liigh school course. In order to procure the necessary books for the latter purpose, she applied for employment to John Banner, who at that time was engaged in the manufacture of shirts, over- alls and other articles of wearing apparel, in connection with the clothing business. On ac- count of her youth and diminutive size, he at first laughed at her. but finding the child per- sistent, he finaJly gave her a half dozen shirts and the same number of overalls to make up, which she did in due time with neatness and dispatch. recei\ing for her work a shilling a garment. In this way she was enabled to earn sufficient money to buy her school outfit and from that time until her graduation she applied herself so diligently to her studies as to make the best record, for one so young, in the history of the Canton high school. After her gradu- ation she took charge of the sixth grade room in the old high school building and the year following was assigned to work in the build- ing on East Fifth street. Later she was pro- moted to the A grammar grade and continued in that line of teaching until her marriage, spending seven years in the Canton schools, and five years 'in educational work at Navarre after marriage. Mrs. Shively earned an envi- able reputation as a teacher and many of the leading business men of Canton are indebted to her for their instruction in the mysteries of books. She retired from the school room a number of years ago. but always maintained an interest in educational matters, up to the time of her death, keeping in close touch with modern methods and frequently re\isiting the scenes of her former labors. At the age of se\-enteen she united with the First Baptist church of Canton and began the devout Christian life which marked her career from that time. She was alive in all good works, and many poor and unfortunate in this city \\ci\Q reasons to fondly cherish her name on account (A her deeds of charitv and benevolence. For a number of years she was active in Sun- day school work, her intellectual ability and wide culture peculiarly fitting her for the oftice of teaching the word of God. Mrs. Shively was one of the most popular ladies of Canton as well as one of the most cultured and refined. She occupied a prominent position in the social world and her gentle infiuence was the means of directing many into proper ways of living, and her death, which occurred February ii, 1903, was mourned Ijy all who knew her. She tore her huslxmd four children, the oldest of whom, Nora, was graduated from the Canton high school with the class of 1889. She then began teaching in the South Market street building and since then has been actively en- gaged in educational work in this city. She is a young lady of varied culture and as a teach- er ranks with the most capable in the schools of Canton. Caroline E.. the second daughter, attended the Navarre school until completing the prescribed course and after spending two years in the Canton high school entered the normal of this city, for the purpose of prei>ar- ing herself for the teacher's profession. After teaching six years in the Garfield avenue school and one year at the Hartford street building, she was transferred to East Fifth street, where she has had charge of a room since 1890. Her standing as a teacher is high and she is a popular lady in social circles as she is successful as an educator. Frederick, the oldest of the two sons, holds a position with the Danner Manufacturing Company of Can- ton. He served three years in the Third United States Regulars and was with Lawton's com- mand in the Philiitpines until that general's death. He experienced his full share of war- fare in those far-away islands and at the expi- ration of his period of enlistment returned iiome with a record of which any brave soldier might well feel proud. Thomas C the youngest of the children, was graduated from the commer- cial department of the Canton high school. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 357 after wliicli he took a course at the Lewis Insti- tute, of Chicago, and is now a (h'aftsman in the Berger works of Canton. REV. PETER HERBRUCK— The Her- bruok family is of German origin, the genealogy being traceable to the kingdom of Bavaria. Philip Herbruck and his wife Barbara, parents of the subject of this sketch, were born in Zweibrucken, Rhine Palatinate, Bavaria, and spent the greater part of their lives in their na- tive country, coming to the United States in 1845 ^^'^11 advanced in years. Their son. Rev. Peter Herbruck. had preceded them to America and it was largely through his instrumentality that rliey were induced to leave tlie fatherland and spend the remainder of their days in the new world. By occupation Philip Herbruck was a tiller of the soil, but he was too old to follow this vocation very long- after coming to this country. He died at his home, about four miles north of Canton, in 1854, his widow surviving him until about 1867. Three chil- dren accompanied Philip and Barbara Her- bruck to the United States, namely : Mary, now Mrs. Rindclien ; Catharine, who married a gentleman by the name of Grosenbaugh, and Susan, who became the wife of a Mr. Deuble. Rev\ Peter Herbruck, for over fifty-three years pastor of the German Reform church in Canton, was bom near the town of Zweibruc- ken, Bavaria, in 1813. From an excellent bi- ography constituting one of the articles of Hon. John Banner's "Old Landmarks" the following sketch of this remarkable man is taken : Peter Herbruck spent his early childhood at the place of his birth and from the time he was ten years old longed and prayed that he, might become a minister of the gospel. With this object in ^■iew. he walked five miles each morning and back m the evening to a select school prepara- tory to the work to which he had determined to devote his life. Meantime there was awakened in his mind a desire to go to America, l.)ut his father being- poor and his mother re- luctant to leave the land of their birth, he was obliged to postpone this object until a more convenient season, which in due time presented itself. In 183 1, when but eighteen years old, he bade farewell to his family and the familiar scenes of his childhood and started on foot for Havre, France, a distance of five hundred miles, where he expected to embark on his voyage to the new world. Reaching that city after a long and tiresome journey, he was obliged to wait several weeks before he could get a vessel to the United States. Finally receiving passage on an old French sailing vessel he saw the shores of Europe gradually recede from view, but when only two or three days out a terrific storm came up which swept away two of the masts and almost wrecked the ship. In this dilemma they were towed by another vessel to Plymouth, England, for repairs, and after much delay a second start was made, with more fortunate results. The vessel, after being at sea for seventy-two days, contending with many reverses, finally reached Philadelphia, where the young student stepped upon the shores of a new world and entered upon a new destiny. The mishaps and unavoidable delays had greatly re- duced his little stock of money, but by his warm and genial nature he was not long in making friends who assisted him in his time of need. Young Herbruck started west from Phila- delphia and got as far as Berks county. Penn- sylvania, where he secured a position as teacher in a country school for the following winter. This was in the year 183 1. and early the next spring he fell in with a party traveling west in an old fashioned Conestoga wagon, on the canvas covering of which, printed in large let- ters, were the words "For Ohio." With this friendly company he journeyed as far as Wheeling, .West Virginia, where he met a young man going northward towards New Listen, Ohio, with whom he traveled to that 358 OLD LANDMARKS point. On reaching Xew Lisbon Mr. Herbruck told his companion that he could go no further northward, saying that he had made the mat- ter a subject of prayer and was led to believe that his duty lay in the west. Accordingly he struck- the old state road leading to Canton, which place he reached in the course of a few days, finding the town a mere village of a few hundred inhabitants. He started to go further west and when near West creek stopped a few hours to rest and sleep. He then proceeded on toward Massillon until reaching Wirt's tavern, near Reedurban, where he found a landlord who proved indeed a friend in all the term im])lies. Recognizing in the stranger a young man of excellent character and much more than ordinary mental powers, the keeper of the public house persuaded him to remain and take charge of the country school near by, which was then withdut a teacher. This the student did and the result had a very material effect upon his future course of life. Shortly after this time Rev. Benjamin Faust, pastor of the Reformed chiuxli in CantdU, stopped at Wirt's hotel and fcjrmed the ac(|uaintance of the young man. preceiving at once his sterl- ing qualities of head and heart. In the course of their conver.satinn the reverend gentleman .said : "Young man. do not hide your talent in a napkin, but come with me and prepare your- self for the ministry." Mr. Herbruck gladly accepted the mvitation and at once applied him- self to the more complete preparation for the .sacred calling which he had so longed to enter. This was in the spring of 1832 and the young man much enjoyed and greatly profited by the private theological instructions which Rev. Mr. Faust was so capable of imparting. In Xovember of that year Rev. Benjamin Faust was taken very ill w-ith a dangerous throat disease and died soon after, another event which had a pronounced effect upon the life and future career of his son in the gospel. The congregation for which Mr. Faust had ad- ministered did not long discuss the matter of his successor, the consensus of opinion being in favor of Mr. Herbruck. although at the time he was but nineteen years of age and without previous experience in ministerial or pastoral work except as his preceptor's assistant. Re- sponding to the call, he at once entered upon his labors, wmning the affection and support of the congregation, Ijoth of which he retained (huHng a long and successful pastorate C)f over fifty-three years, his connection with the church ending in 1886. This is the longest pastorate of any minister in the history of Can- ton and doubtless the longest and most suc- cessful in the state of Ohio, as far as official records show. In the early history of the Reformed church in this city they and the Lutherans jointly owned and used the same house of worship. In i860 the two congregations niutuall_\- agreed to se]:)arate. the Lutherans taking the east end of the block on which the house stood, the Reformed congregation taking the western part. Immediately after the division the latter erected a substantial brick building on their part of the lot. which at the time it was finished was one of the most cummodious edifices of the kind in the city. The house still stands, but it has been greatly enlarged to suit the needs of the growing congregation, besides being much im- proved in style and modern con\-eniences. The late Conrad Schweitzer. Sr.. was one of Rev. Herbruck's most active and liberal supporters in the construction of the new temple of wor- ship, one of the belis in the tower ha\ing been put in at his own expense. The year following ^Ir. Herbruck's taking- charge of the Canton congregation he married Miss Sarah Holwick, who remained his helpful companion and helpmeet for sixty-two years, spending all but the first year in the same house on East Tuscarawas street, where their whole family of children were born antl raised. Rev. Peter Herbruck 'died in 1893. loved and CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 359 honored by the people of Canton regardless of church afliliation. He came to his grave like a sheaf, fully ripened, leaving the impress of a strong character and profound spirituality deeply stamped upon the community, and trans- mitting to posterity a name which will always remain a priceless heritage. There were (|uite a number of children born to Rev. and Mrs. Herbruck, mostly sons, among whom are Rev. Emil P.. pastor of Trinity Reformed church in tins city ; Rev. E. Herbruck, of Dayton, Ohio ; and Ferdinand Herbruck. one of the largest and most successful merchants of this city. It is stated that Rev. Herbruck officiated at a greater number of funerals and solemnized more marriages than any other man in Stark county, the record showing twenty-ii\-e hun- dred and sixty of the former ami twenty-six hundred and eleven of the latter. During his pastorate here he often had outer stations that he supplied, among them being Paris, Osna- burg. Carrollton. Bethlehem. Georgetown. Cairo. New Berlin and others, all of which churches were greatly strengthened and built up through his instrumentality. The German language was his native tongue and in that language he lo\'ed to preach the unsearchalile riches of Christ. He became quite proficient in the use of the English language and could converse in it fluently, but invariably employed his native German in all of his public speaking. JAMES H. ROBERTSON was born January 23, 1862, in Sandy township. Stark county, Ohio, and is the son of James and Mar- garet (Sickafoose) Robertson, both also natives of this county. The subject's maternal grand- father, George Sickafoose, was a native of Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, and in the war of 1812 served under the ci^mmand of General Harrison. About 1818 he came to Sandy township. Stark county, and entered one hundred and sixty acres of land, making it his home during the remainder of his life. The paternal grandfather, Denny Robertson, was born in county Tyrone, Ireland, but immigrated to the new world at an early day, settling in Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania. His father, William Robertson, was the son of John Robertson, who it is supposed was a native of Scotland, but removed to county Tyrone. Ire- land. Denny Robertson emigrated to the United States, coming to Ohio in 182 1 and settling in Carroll county, then a part of Stark. He fol- lowed the pursuit of agriculture, was quite suc- cessful and at the time of his death possessetl an estate of six hundred acres. He married Eleanor McConkey and they became the par- ents of eight children. The father of tlie suliject. James Robert- son, was born in 1S21 on the parental home- stead. He remained there until ten years of age. when, upon the death of his parents, he went to live with an uncle. Throughout lift he followed the occupation of farming, in which he met with a due measure of success, and at his death left an estate consisting of four hun- dred and thirty acres. During the war of the Rebellion he enlisted with the One Hundred and Sixty-second Regiment Ohio Volunteer In.fantry, and served his entire period of enlist- ment. His death occurred in June, 1900, his wife dying January 20, 1898. He was formerly a \Miig in politics, but later became identified with the Republican party, with which he re- mained identified until his death. His religious affiliations were with the Trinity Lutheran church at Magnolia, Ohio. His children were as follows : Laura is the widow of Jacob Buch- man : Eleanor married a Mr. McBeth and lives in Nebraska ; Denny S. ; George, deceased ; William A., deceased; James H. is the subject; Andrew. I^Iary O., Carrie and two that died in infancy. James H. Robertson was reared upon the paternal homestead and is indebted largely to the common schools for his mental training. 36o OLD LANDMARKS He subsequently attended the normal school at Pierce, Ohio, after which for eight years he was engaged in teaching school. He had long had a leaning toward the legal profession and decided upon making it his life work. In ac- cordance with his intention he commenced reading law in the office of Harter & Krich- baum. of Canton. In 1891 he entered the law school of the Cincinnati College, from which he was graduated with the class of 1892, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Laws. Return- ing at once to Canton, Mr. Rotertson com- menced the practice of his profession, meeting with a due measure of success from the start. In 1896 he was elected justice of the peace and performed the duties of the office with marked ability. So pronounced an impression had he made upon the leaders of his part\- and the citizens generally that in 1899 he received the nomination for mayor of Canton and at the ensuing election was chosen to the position. He entered the office in possession of the fullest confidence of the people, a confidence that was so strengthened that in 1901 he was electetl to succeed himselt and is the present incumbent of the office. He has administered the multi- tudinous dttties of this important station with marked ability and efficiency and has thus em- phasized the wisdom of those by whose sufifrage he was chosen. When the body of the late President McKinley was brought back to Can- ton for interment, the members of the Presi- dent's cabinet selected Mr. Robertson to take charge of its funeral arrangements at Canton, and all the details were most carefully super- vised Ijy him. IMr. Robertson was one of the incorporators of the McKinley Memorial Fund Association and has been very active in his efl'orts to further the objects of the association. Politically Mr. Robertson has all his life been an ardent and zealous Republican, and has been very effective in advancing the interests of his party. Fraternally he lielongs to the Knights of Pvthias, Benevolent and T^rotective Order of Elks. Junior Order United American Mechanics, Woodmen of the World and the Knights of Honor. In 1899 Mr. Robertson was united in mar- riage with Miss Gertrude Shaeffer, daughter of Jacob Shaeft'er. of Canton. As a lawyer the subject evinced a familiarity with legal princi- ples and a ready perception of facts, together with the ability to apply the one to the other, which won him the reputation of a sound and safe practitioner. In the administration of the duties of the important ofiice of mayor, he has evinced a broad and comprehensive grasp of the details of city government and has given to the city one of the best administrations in its his- tory. By his genial manners and genuine worth he has gained a host of wann personal friends and the full confidence of the public p'eneralh'. HON. JOHN G. WARWICK.— Probably no man who ever lived in Massillon held a warmer place in the hearts and affections of the citizens, or whose memory is today more revered, than the late John G. Warwick, who for many years easily held the position of the most prominent man in the community. Like many of the influential factors in our composite nationality, Mr, Warwick was an American by adoption, he having been born and reared to young manhood on the Emerald Isle. His birth occurred on December 23, 1830, in County Tyrone, Ireland, and over twenty years later, in company with his brothers, Robert and William, he came to America to enter into the great battle of life, and like so many of his fellow countrymen, right valiantly and no- bly did he make the fight, winning both fame and fortune. Upon arriving in this country he remained for a time in Philadelphia, but soon pushed his way over the mountains into Ohio, he having decided that the then Great ^\'est offered better opportunities to the man of ♦ hrhxvi aAAy\ V I ■ ^^r^ A^K Ji'a.^^^ ^. %^:Zc^, CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 361 moderate means than the east, which even at that early date was becoming crowded. Com- ing to Stark county, Mr. Warwiclv went first to Navarre, where he took a position as clerk and bookkeeper in a store, where he remained a few years. But his ambition was far beyond that of filling a subordinate position in life, and bending his energies, practicing economy and frugality, he was soon able to travel out for himself, and accordingly, in 1853, he came to Massillon and opened a dry-goods store, and in a short time had become recognized as one of the potent factors in business circles in the place. His natural business talent, industry and integrity manifested itself in everything with which he became connected, and he soon be- came identified with important interests and enterprises, and acquired great influence and popularity, and at the same time accumulated considerable wealth. Aside from his dry-goods enterprise, with which he was connected for over twenty years, Mr. Warwick was principal owner of the Sippo Valley Mills, and during the latter 'sixties he became active in railroad interests, and served as a director in the Mas- sillon & Cleveland, the Wheeling & Lake Erie and the Cleveland & Marietta railroads. Later he became extensively interested in mining, and soon was one of the largest and most successful coal operators in the state. In 1872 he retired from the dry-goods business, and thenceforth devoted all his time to his railroad and min- ing interests, and the supervision of his several large farms. He was one of the organizers of the Massillon Building and Loan Associa- tion, and for a time was its president. He was a director in the Massillon Water Company, and, as a stockholder, was interested in various coal companies and other enterprises. Mr. Warwick's prominence in the business world naturally attracted attention to him, and that he should, with his talents and inherited per- sonal gifts of character, drift into politics and public life was to be expected. He was a mem- ber of the Democratic party, but his interest in politics was a purfely unselfish one, and he cared not for public office or its emoluments. He steadily declined all o\'ertures from his party to become a candidate until 1883, when he finally accepted the nomination for lieuten- ant governor of Ohio, on the ticket with Hon. George Hoadly. He had always been a liberal contributor to the legitimate expense of the Democratic campaigns, and, despite the at- tacks made upon him by prejudiced people, he was triumphantly elected. He presided as lieutenant governor o\'er the senate of the sixty- sixth general assembly, which elected the Hon. Henry Payne to the United States senate. He discharged the duties of lieutenant governor with dignity and ability, and in such a manner as to win the confidence and esteem of even his political opponents. In 1890 he entered national politics by be- coming a candidate for the nomination for congress to represent the sixteenth Ohio dis- trict. The contest in the convention for this high honor was vigorously waged, the conven- tion being one of the most memorable in the history of congressional politics. Seventy-four ballots were cast before a choice was made, Mr. \\'arwick receiving the nomination, which was made on July 11, 1890. The Republicans of the district renominated their idol, William McKinley (afterwards the idolized President), and the contest was \\'aged as was never a con- test waged before, and was eagerly watched by the people of the whole country. Mr. Warwick was triumphantly elected, and upon taking his seat in congress found his reputation as a public man already established, such having been the wide interest taken by everybody in the con- test between McKinley and him. He took the oath of ofiice Decemlier 7. tqot, and his promi- nence was at once recognized by 'his appoint- ment as chairman of the committee on enrolled bills, one of the four oldest and most import- ant and arduous committees of congress. He 362 OLD LANDMARKS was also placed on the committee on public grounds. Such treatment of a new member was an unusual event, and brought him into the closest intimacy witii his colleagues. His life in Washington was a busy one. He was punc- tilious in his attendance upon the sittings of congress, except when urgent business called him away from the capitol. His circle of ac- quaintances, already large at the beginning of his congressional career, constantly broadened, and his apartments at his hotel were con- stantly visited by his personal friends and con- stituents. He was alive to every phase of poli- tics, was an indefatigable worker, and labored for the good of the country and his party sim- ultaneously. He was popular, and everybody admired and respected him, and it was often heard that his associates regarded him as much for his views that agreed with theirs, as for his steadfastness in asserting tlmse which did not. He was an earnest advocate of whatever meas- ure he espoused, and worked assiduously to win support for it. To him is due the passage of the McGarraghan Bill (vetoed) giving a poor Irishman recourse in court against a band of robbers who for many years unjustly held a cpiick-silvcr mine. He was made the member of the national congressional committee of Ohio. In 1864 Mr. Warwick married the estima- ble ladv who was thereafter his constant com- panion and true helpmate, and who exercised over him an influence for his good, which he fully recognized, appreciated and paid homage to. She was Mrs. ^laria E. La\ake. l>orn in Karthaus. Her father, who was a native of Remscbeid, Prussia, came to America, dili- gently applied himself to business, for which he had great abilit\ . ;uid b\' his own exertions became one of the wealthiest shi]) merchants in the city of "Baltimore. He was also identified with the settlement of ;uid owned luany busi- ness interests in the state of Pennsylvania ; and on the banks of the Sus<|uehanna ri\-er, in that state, there is now a town called by his name, on the site of which he years ago opened a fur- nace and began a coal business and also built a rtouring-mill. On Tuesday morning, August 2, 1892. Mr. Warwick left for New York city to attend a meeting of the board of directors of the Wheel- ing & Lake Erie Railroad Company, and while there was seized with an illness which pro\ed fatal. The protracted heat of tlie summer had not yet ceased and it was to this as much as to any other cause that his death was due. His wife, who had gone to Atlantic City to recu- perate from the heated term, was summoned to his bedside, where her unremitting care and de- votion relieved much of his suffering and soothed and comforted his last hours. The sad end came all too swiftly, and he pa.ssed away August 14. conscious to the last minute, and his final words were addressed to his wife. The news of his death was a shock to his friends and fellow citizens, notwithstanding it was generally known be bad been troubled for a long time with stomach irregularities which had become chronic. His death called out the most general mourning from the citi- zens of Massillon. among whom he had lived the best years of his life. The mourning was not confined to Massilion or to Stark county alone, but was shared by the people all over Ohio, and reached to the members of congress, in which he had in so short a time made so bright a name and by his sterling traits of char- acter won so much respect and admiration. Today, o\er a decade since b.is death, Mr. W'arwick stands out as one of the central fig- ures in the recent history of Ohio. His pri- vate and public life reflects nothing but credit and honor on his memory. In a large sense his career is a i)art of the history of Stark county and of the state of Ohio. Personally. Mr. Warwick was genial, af- fable, warm-hearted and charitalile. His char- acteristics were honesty, integrity, steadfast- o c CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 363 ness of purpose and 01 an intense admiration and belief in the country, state and city of his adoption, and of their institutions. He was a communicant of the Episcopal church. JOHN E. CARNAHAN is a native of the old Keystone state, but he chose Canton as his home and the center of his largest business interests on accoimt of its excellent location and exceptional shipping facilities. A recent issue of the New York World almanac mentions him as one of Canton's three millionaires, while his advent in Canton was hailed with marked gratification by the board of trade and business men in general, for the reputation of his ability and solid business interests had preceded him. His great wealth, honestly acquired, coupled with his wise discrimination in applying it to the extension of Canton's business interests, augured well for the future of the city, but even the most sanguine had no prescience of the extent of his plans for Canton's good nor a])preciated the full importance of his conimg here. Today he is at the head of four leading manufacturing industries of Canton, affording employment to a corps of two thousand work- men, and he has a controlling interest in three of these ctjncerns. The three industries estab- lished largely by his capital in East Canton are the Carnahan tin plate and sheet mill, the Carnahan stamping and enameling plant and the United States Steel Company. Before these ])lants were built he was asked to become president of the Stark Rolling ^lill Company, and the combined output of these plants is said to exceed in value more than four million dol- lars annually. The plants adjoin the ground of the Berger sheet-metal plant, erected some years jireviously by Canton men. The three plants erected in Canton l^y Mr. Carnahan represent an investment of one and one-half million dol- lars, and it was because of his decision to here establish these great industries that he removed with his family from Leechburg. Pensyh'ania. to Canton. While the subject was still active in oper- ations in connection with the oil and gas in- dustries in western Pennsylvania, he sought to invest his earnings in the steel and iron in- ilustry. With W. H. Steele, W. H. Blecker and others he built the now famous Mesta ma- chme plant at Homestead, Pennsylvania. Later they sold out their interests and prepared to establish a similar plant for the manufacturing of rolling-mill machinery. Some members of the company wished to establish the plant at Leechburg, Pennsylvania, but Mr. Carnahan, who had the controlling interest, had learned of the excellent location of Canton, and. through the board of trade, he determined to build the plant here. The plant was erected in 1899, in South Canton, and from the incep- tion the industry was successful. While the original company owned the plant, and for some time after its sale, in 1901, to J. B. Baird. of Chicago, it continued in operation twenty- four hoiu's a clav, the consideration recei\ed at the time of sale having been three hundred thousand dollars. About this time IMr. Carna- han, who had waxed e\-en more enthusiastic concerning Canton's eligibility as a manufac- turing and shipping point, planned to build a tin-plate mill here. In the home of the late President McKinley, who was the author of the famous McKinley bill, twelve years before, which made possible the successful prosecution of the tin industry in America, this action on the part of ^Ir. Carnahan was hailed with de- light, for the lamented President e\-er main- tained a deep interest in his home city of Can- ton. The local board of trade made Mr. Carna- han a proposition whereby he would receive a bonus of two hundred and ninety town lots and a site for the plant, on the Cook tract in East Canton. The board of trade bought the entire tract, containing twice that number of lots. 364 OLD LANDMARKS half of wliich were sold to citizens for one hundred dollars each. Each purchaser merely purchased a chance on some lot in the tract and at a great drawing contest in the Grand opera house the tract of land was divided among the purchasers by lot. By this means thirty thous- and dollars was raised and the same applied by the board to the paying for the tract. The re- maining two hundred and ninety lots came into the possession of Mr. Caniahan, who organized the Carnahan Land Improvement Association, which commenced to gradually dispose of them to workmen and others. The erection of the tin plant at a cost of half a mil- lion dollars, was soon inaugurated and it was placed in operation in 1901, while emplo_\-ment is now given to about six hundred hands, while the industry attracted here numerous Welsh tin workers from the east. Shortly afterward j\Ir. Carnahan planned to erect a stamping plant, in which to manufacture all kinds of tin ware from the product of the mill. In the meanwhile the company absorbed the patents of a large enameled-ware company in Cleveland and a large combination plant was erected, at a cost of a quarter of a million dollars. The building utilized is a great four-story brick structure adjoining the tin mill and here em- ployment is given to two hundred and fifty operati\es. The plants were independent of the United States Steel Corporation, which con- trolled practically all of the output of raw ma- terial, such as would be used in a large tin mill. -Mr. Carnahan's far-seeing judgment en- abled him to properly canvass the situation and he forthwith sought to forestall future tlifficulty in securing such raw material. In the winter of 1902 he and others became interested in a project to build an immense blast furnace in Canton, but it was later deemed expedient to join with other independent sheet-mill interests and establish the furnace in Cleveland. Ed- ward G. Langenbach. whom Mr. Carnahan had chosen as general manager of the allied Carna- han plants, kept close council with the latter in all of these projects, as he had previously done when Mr. Carnahan's other plants were erected. In the summer of 1902 the subject of this sketch became the chief one interested in the erection of an open-hearth steel plant, adjoin- ing his other plants in Canton, the same being completed at a cost of six hundred thousand dollars, the erection of the plant being initiated that summer, while the following summer it was in operation. This fine group of plants, commencing with the company's own coal mines and including its interest in the blast furnace at Cleveland, and its ownership of the open-hearth furnaces and the sheet mills in Canton, make the position of the Carnahan groupe of plants practically impregnal)le and independent of the trust. In addition io iiis immense interests in Canton, Mr. Carnahan still retains his interests in immense tracts of oil and gas land in West \'irginia, Pennsylvania and Ohio, and in future years these properties will doubtless constitute one of the chief sources of his wealth, as they ha\e been from almost the beginning of his business career. The desire to bore for oil Ijecame a ])assion with hiiu in his earlv years. He has a three-fourths interest in the oil and gas lease holds on forty thousand acres of land, scattered over a dozen counties from Marshall to Roane counties. \\'est Virginia. His lease- holds in Ohio have reached four thousand acres, while at times he has controlled thous- ands of acres in Pennsylvania, having at the present time fine oil producing properties in each of the states mentioned. For years he has had either the entire or part interest in a half dozen of more sets of tools for the boring of oir wells in West Virginia, and the same number in Pennsylvania, and these outfits have been constantly employed in testing territory where other prospectors have failed to tread. He became interested in the Ohio and West \'irginia oil lands in the middle '90s and has CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 365 brought in some creditable producing tracts in each. Seeking for a favorable place in which to invest the earnings from their oil operations, ]\Ir. Carnahan and Mr. John S. Robinson, a millionaire landowner and oil operator with whom he became associated in West Virginia, went to Mexico in 1900, planning to invest in mining land. While there they purchased forty thousand acres of land lying between the city of Mexico and the Pacific coast, the cleared portions being well adapted for tropical plan- tations and the forests rich in fine hard woods, while there were also prospects for oil in the tract. Later they increased their joint holdings there to one hundred thousand acres, in ad- dition to which Mr. Carnahan has individual and e;;clusive title to about forty thousand acres. In 1897 Mr. Carnahan took up a mining claim in the famous Colville group of gold and silver mines in Washington, eighty miles north of the city of Spokane. This claim turned out to be rich in gold and silver ore and the prop- erty is now being developed, the claim lying near the famous mines just across the line in British Columbia. Mr. Carnahan is also chief owner of a large steel plant "at Norwalk, Ohio, employing five hundred men ; is the owner of a large boiler works at Mannington, West Vir- ginia ; and large firebrick works at St. Charles, Pennsylvania, with hundreds of acres of fire- clay lands. He still owns several fine farms near his old home at Leechburg, Pennsylvania, said farms being underlaid with the best veins of Pittsburg coal. Mr. Carnahan was born in the family home- stead at Leechburg, Pennsylvania, on the loth of August, 1842, and while he has but recently passed the half-century milepost on the journey of life we find him a millionaire. He is in the ver}' prime of strong and vigorous manhood, having the agility of one twenty years his junior and remaining apparently unoppressed with the manifold responsibilities and cares of wealth and the endless demands placed upon him in an executive and administrative way. His strength seems to grow by what it feeds on and his distinctive individuality, his rare power of initiative and his extraordinary grasp of de- tails make him a really collossal figure in the financial and industrial world. He is a scion of one of the best known families of Armstrong county, Pennsylvania, the homestead in which he was born having been in the hands of the Carnahan family for more than eighty years. His father, John Carnahan, was of Scotch-Irish lineage and died a few years ago, at the age of eighty-three years. His mother, whose family name was Funk, was of French descent, and she also is deceased. The subject of this review was the youngest of ten children, five boys and five girls, and of the number five are still living. John E. attended, in his boyhood, a country school at Cochran's Mills and there- after attended a normal school for one term and passed the teacher's examination in his native county, all of which indicates his early ambition for an education. Like most boys of his time he left school at an early age, and he then went to work for his father, who at that time owned about five hundred acres of land between Leechburg and Kittaning. While he was still in his 'teens and working on the home- stead farm additional responsibility was thrown upon him by reason of the fact that his honored father met with an accident to his back which crippled him for life. From a very early age the subject manifested a remarkable business acumen and that indomitable energy which has conserved his magnificent success in later years. Thus he proved a most ^■aluable coadjutor to his father at the time of the unfortunate in- jury received by the latter, and it was largely due to his filial solicitude that he left school so young, in order that he might care for and assist his father. Even after leaving school his interest in educational affairs did not wane, and he was the leader of manv a debate in the 366 OLD LANDMARKS coiintrv- school liouses. whose walls resounded with his youthful eloquence, and he maile the most i)f the educational advantages which were afforded him, attending school during the short winter terms and laboring assiduously on the farm during the summer seasons. His father's farm was good agricultural land and was underlaid with coal, the deposit Ijeing to a degree developed by the father and his sons, William, J. L. and John E. All three sons aided in the early development of these lands, and eventually J. L. left the parental roof for the purpose of studying medicine and he be- came one of the successful physicians of the city of Pittsbvu'g, while William left the farm to operate a flouring mill at Apollo, Pennsyl- vania. The subject still remained on the farm for a period of ten years after his brothers had departed therefrom, and he aided his father in his declining years. His brother William repeatedly urged him to enter the flouring- mill business with him, but he preferred to stay on the farm. Had he left it at that time his entire career might ha\e l)een radically different, for it was his long experience in con- nection with mother earth that taught him con- cerning the treasures held in store within her bosom. He had alreatly laid the foundation for his wealth and the successful operations for oil and gas in western Pennsylvania caused him to bore for these products. In the meanwhile, at a very early age, Mr. Carnahan was united in marriage to IMiss ]May Thomas, who resided near Cochran's Mills, being an estimable young woman of Scotch- Welsh descent. Of tliis happy union it may be stated at this pomt that seven children have been born, tliere being only one son. Roy R.. who from his early boyhood has been so closelv identified with his father's large interests and who is individually mentioned on another page of this volume. The six daughters are as fol- lows: One who is the wife of \\'illiam Shoe- maker, of I^eechliurg, l^ennsvK-ania : Beatrice Pearl, Grace. Madge, Mabel and Xellie. Be- atrice attended college at Roanoke, \'irginia, and ers of the Methodist Episcopal church, taking a prominent part in the early religious work in this section. He died on his homestead farm in 185 1, having nearly attained the half-century milestone' on life's journey. His wife survived him marty years, passing away in 1877, at the age of seventy-two years. Their eleven chil- 372 OLD LANDMARKS dren were as follows : William, who died in infancy, in Bedford county, Pennsylvania; Ella Olivia, who is the widow of Ira M. Allen, of Canton ; Lavinia, who resides in Canton and who is the widow of Jonathan Renick. of whom mention is specifically made on another page of this work ; Charles, who is engaged in the real-estate business in the city of Philadelphia ; Caroline, who is the widow of Lewis V. Bock- ius, of Canton : Hamilton, who is a successful farmer of Plain township, this county, and who married a Miss Letetia Webb; Edward, who married Aliss Fannie Cooley and who died in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; John, who died at the age of three years ; Susan, who became the wife of General Samuel Beatty, of Canton, both being now deceased; Alfred R., who married Sarah Kalembaugh ; George, who married Amelia Byrne, is a resident of Pittsburg, Penn- sylvania; and Marshall, who died in infancy. Captain Graham, father of the subject of this memoir, was likewise born in Bedford county, Pennsylvania, being of stanch Scotch- Irish extraction. In the town of Bedford Springs he married Mrs. \Villiam Hartley, a widow, her maiden name ha\ing l>een Shaw, while her marriage to Air. Hartley was solemnized in England, her native land. At the time of her marriage to Captain Graham, she resided on what was then known as the MouiTt Dalles farm, near Bedford Springs, hav- ing come hither from London, England, with her first husband, who died here. On this farm she entertained General Washington, and it is a matter of record that she had the distinc- tion of playing backgammon with this greatest of patriots. The Hartleys at one time owned Bedford Springs and the family was a promi- nent and influential one in Pennsylvania, and conspicuous in the social affairs of the old Key- stone state in the early days. She came to America about the time of the oj^ening of the war of the Revolution, leaving a little daugh- ter in England. The latter was there reared to maturity and there married a Mr. Harrison, and their son, William, a clergj-man of the es- tablished church, Ijecanie chaplain to Queen Victoria and rector of Birch, in Essex, while he was also private chaplain to the Duchess of Cambridge, proctor in the lower house of con- vocation, honorary canon of St. Albans' cath- edral and rural dean of the deanery of Coggs- well, standing high in ecclesiastical and social circles. He and his wife both died in England, where many of their children married into prominent families of the kingdom. Captain Graham, who was the second husband of Mrs. Hartley, was a valiant soldier and officer in the war of the Revolution. He died on the Mount Dalles farm, he and his wife having had one son and one daughter, namely : John, the immediate subject of this memoir: and Susan, who became the wife of Dr. Van Lehr and died in the state of Man,-land. After the death of Captain Graham his widow consum- mated a third marriage, becoming the wife of a General Simpson, and she passed the clos- ing years of lier life in or near Bedford Springs. JOHN M. SARVER.— Success in any line of endeavor, in anv field of human activity, is not a matter of spontaneity, but is rather the results of the application of talents and powers along the avenvie where lies the greatest po- tentialitv. He who has the judgment to flis- cern his own talents and to follow their bent through the exigencies of time and place is the one to whom success will come as a natural sequence. In one of the highest and most im- portant spheres of human effort the subject of this review has proved a power for good in the exercise of a strong individuality. He is at the present time the incumbent of the responsible position of superintendent of public schools of of Canton, Ohio. In the domain of education he has found personal satisfaction and has ex- erted a l)eneficent influence, being prominent in .^-i-^A-evt/ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 373 the e«lucational circles of the state and being known as a man of fine executive abihty. In a compilation of this character it is certainly fitting- that there be included a brief account of the life and labors of Prof. Sarver. The genealogy of the family traces back to German 'origin, and the name has been long identified with the affairs of this country, the original representatives of the family in the ne\v world coming from Germany, about the time of the war of the Revolution, to take up their abode in Pennsylvania. John Sarver, grandfather of the subject, was a native of Pennsylvania, and passed the major portion of his life in Westmor'jland county, of that state, devoting his attention to agriculture and being known as a man of sterling integrity of char- acter, a worthy representative of the sturdy German type which has had so important an in- fluence in advancing the material prosperity of our great republic. He took upon himself a wife in the person of Margaret A. Kepple. who likewise was of German lineage and who passed her entire life in Westmoreland county. After her death John Sarver emigrated to Ohio, tak- ing up his abode on a farm in Wood county, about i860, where he continued to make his home until his death, which occurred in 1878. John Sarver was tlie father of six children, of whom two are living at the present time. Michael Sarver, father of the subject of this sketch, was born in Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, on the 14th of January, 1835, and was there reared under the invigorating discipline of the farm, while his early educa- tional advantages were such as were afforded in the common schools of the locality and per- iod. He was a student at Mt. Pleasant College several years, but did not remain to graduate. On the 27th of September, 1859, he was united in marriage to Miss Eliza Jane Anderson, who was born at Mount Pleasant, that county, on the 23d of October, 1837, a daughter of Cun- ningh.am and Christina (Schall) Anderson, the former of whom was Ijorn in Mount Pleasant, Pennsylvania, in 1806, while his wife was born in the same county in 1809. She was a daugh- ter of John Michael Schall, who was born in Berks county, Pennsylvania, and died in West- moreland county, having been a farmer and cabinetmaker by vocation. James Cunning- ham, who was born in the north of Ireland, emi- grated thence to America in the Revolutionary period, and his daughter Jane married William Anderson, who figures as the maternal great- grandfather of Professor Sarver. \\'illiam An- derson was a native of Scotland, whence he came to America in the early part of the nine- teenth century. Michael Sarver was success- ful as a teacher in his early manhood, his peda- gogic experience including work in elementary and higher grades of schools. When the great oil fields of Pennsylvania were opened up, he became identified with the development of the industry in its initial stages, and through good judgment attained a high degree of success in oil operations. A man of fine mentality, he was not satisfied with a circumscribed field of en- deavor. Accordingly he began reading law in the office of Hon. Edgar Cowan, United States senator, at Greensburg, Pennsylvania, and in due time secured admission to the bar of the state. His health finally became seriously im- paired and he determined to make a change of location and to abandon the practice of his pro- fession. In 1865 he came to Ohio and soon after his arrival purchased a farm of one hun- dred and twenty acres in Canton township. Stark county, and in connection with general agriculture he established a brick manufactory on his farm. His health was so precarious that he again felt constrained to seek a change of climate in the hope of recuperation. He ac- cordingly removed to Santa Barbara county, California, where he purchased a farm of fifty acres, which was notable for ha^'ing produced the mammoth grape vine which he placed on exhibition at the Centennial Exposition in 374 OLD LANDMARKS Philadelphia in 1876. It was 'Mr. Sarver's in- tention to take the same to the' Paris Exposi- tion of 1879, '^"'^ ^'i^ hand of death in- terposed, and he died at his home in Canton, on tlie 1 8th of ]\Iarch, 1877. He was a memljer of the Lutheran cliurch, as is also his widow, who still resides in Canton, and in politics he gave allegiance to the Democratic party. He was a man of strong personality, firm in convictions and well qualified for leadership in thought and action. His entire life was ordered upon a high plane of integrity and honor, so that at all times he commanded the respect and esteem of his fellow men. Alichael and Eliza J. Sarver were the parents of six children, concerning whom hrief data is as follows: Alary remains with her mother, having never married ; Harry D. is president of the Imperial Wall Paper Company of Sandy Hill, New York, this l^eing one of the largest concerns of the sort in the world: he married ]\[iss Ida Gibbs, of Canton, dnd ihey ha\e three children: John W.. the immediate subject of this review, was the next in order of birth ; the fourth child died in in- fancy: William E., a civil engineer by profes- sion, is a resident of Canton; and Edith died at the age of eleven vears. Prof. John i\I. Sarver is a native of Stark county, having been born on the homestead farm, south of Canton, on the 29th of Novem- ber, 1865. His early education was received in the district schools, and he was seven years of age at the time of his parents' removal to California, where he continued to attend the country schools for the ensuing three and one- half years. He then accompanied his parents to Philadelphia, where they were in attendance at the exposition for a period of six months. They returned to Canton where the subject con- tinued his studies in the public schools, graduat- ing from the high school as a member of the class of 1884. He early identified himself with the pedagogic profession, teaching in the coun- try schools, in the winter, and continuing at other times his studies in the Ohio Normal University and graduating in the classical course as a member of the class of 1886. In the following year, when nearly twenty-one years of age, he was elected principal of the North Cherry Street school in Canton, the prefer- ment being notable considering his age. but he proved his capacity in an unmistakable way, retaining this position a period of five years and doing effective work. Then he Ijecame a teacher in the high school, and at the expiration of his first year evidence of his ability and fidel- ity to the interests of the schools of the city was accorded in his selection as principal of the high school, a position which he held for a pe- riod of seven years. In 1901 there came to him the distinguished preferment implied in his ad- vancement to the superintendency of the public schools of the city, in which office he is serving at the present time. He is known as a man of attainments, of scholarship and of executive capacity, having achieved success in his profes- sion because he has worked for it. His pres- tige in the field of education serves as a voucher for intrinsic worth of character. He has used his intellect to the best purposes and directed his energy in legitimate channels, his career having teen based upon the assumption that nothing save industry, perseverance, integrity and fidelity will lead toward the goal of suc- cess. The profession of teaching offers no opportunity except to such determined spirits. It is too arduous and exacting as a vocation for one who is unwilling to subordinate all other interests to its demands, but to the true and earnest worker it offers a sphere of action whose attractions are unequaled and whose rewards are unstinted. Prof. Sarver has never allowed his devotion and enthusiasm to wane. and. as he has made his own way in the world, he is deserving of the greater meed of honor for the distinction he has gained in one of the most responsible spheres of endeavor. He has ever held his profession as worthy of his best efforts. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 375 and his inrluence as an educator has constantly broadened. From 1895 until 1901 he was a member of the board of school examiners of Stark county, and for eight years he has been a member of the executive committee of the Stark County Teachers" Association, of which lie was president in 18(89-90. While acting as principal of the North Cherry Street school he utilized his vacations in taking a course of study in Clark University, at Worcester, Mas- sachusetts, he also passed one summer in the L'niversity of Buli'alo, New York, and several summers in the College of Liberal Arts, in Chautauqua, New York. In 1889 he was granted a state life certificate of the highest grade, and in 1889- 1900 he was I'etained dur- ing the summer seasons as a teacher in Wooster L'niversity, Ohio. He is a member of the Ohio State Teachers' Association and the National Educational Association, and he spares no pains to keep fully informed of the advances made in the science of pedagogy. In politics, though nominally a Democrat and advocating the basic principles of the party, he maintains an independent attitude and is in no sense strictly partisan, supporting those men and measures meeting the approval of his judg- ment. Fraternally he is identified with the Ma- sonic order, the Independent Order of Odd Fel- lows, the Knights of Pythias and the Junior Order of United American Mechanics. He is a memlier of the Young Men's Christian Associa- tion and has served for the past ten years as a member of the board of managers of the local organization. Mr. Sarver is a member of Trinity Lutheran church, in which he has been a deacon for ten years, while for a decade also he has given faithful service as superintendent of the Sunday school. He is a director in the Citizens' Building and Loan Conipany, of Can- ton, of the Vera Cruz Development Compan3% of Canton, and is identified with various other enterprises of importance. He is frequently invited to deliver addresses at educational meetings and to contribute articles to educa- tional journals. He enjoys marked personal popularity in his native county and state, which he has honored and dignified b}- his earnest and eminently successful efforts as one of the workl's noble army of workers. He still clings to the life of a celibate, having his home with his mother, whose devotion to him is warmly reciprocated. ^^•ALTER M. ELLETT was born on a farm in Lexington township, this county, on the 1 2th of August, 1870, being the only child of John E. and Rebecca Brooks (Millard) El- lett, the former of whom was born in the same township, on the 26th of June, 1845, being a son of Elias and Almira Ellett, who were num- bered among the sterling pioneers of that town- ship, having come to Stark county from the state of New Jersey, where the respective fam- ilies were founded at an early epoch in our na- tional history, the Ellett lineage tracing back to Irish origin. John E. Ellett was reared to the sturdy discipline of the farm and received a. common school education. After his mar- riage he settled on a farm in Lexington town- ship, belonging to his brpther William, and he continued to remain in charge of the same un- til his death, in 1874, at the early age of twenty- nine years. He was a stalwart advocate of the princi])]es of the Republican party and he was known as a young man of fine mentality and unbending rectitude of character, com- manding uniform esteem. His wife was born in Lexington township, in 1844, being a daugh- ter of David B. Millard, who was born near the town of Mauch Chunk, Carbon county, Penn.sylvania, in the picturesque Lehigh val- ley. He came to Stark county in the pioneer epoch, first purchasing a tract of wild land in Randolph township and later removing to a farm in Lexington township, where he passed the later vears of his life. On this old home- 376 OLD LANDMARKS stead the mother of our subject has resided since the death of her husband. Walter ]M. Ellett passed his boj-hood clays on this homestead of his maternal grandfather, ha\ing been but four years of age at the time of the death of his father. His early educa- tional discipline was recei\ed in the district schools, and supplemented by a course in the high school of Alliance, in which he was grad- uated in 1889, being valedictorian of his class. When but sixteen years of age he proved him- self eligible for pedagogic honors, having taught successfully in the school of his home district. In the autumn of 1889 he was matric- ulated in Mount Union College, this county, and during- the time he was pursuing his stud- ies in this institution he did not attend the col- lege during the winter months, spending these intervals teaching, in order to support himself and earn the funds with which to defray the further expenses of his collegiate course. Not- withstanding this seeming handicap, such was his individual application to his studies that not only did he complete the four years' course with the class of which he was a member, but also advanced himself sufficiently far in his studies to have seven months to utilize as he chose prior to commencement day. While thus awaiting for his classmates to finish the work which he had already covered satisfactor- ily, he found employment in a clerical capacity in the treasurer's office of the Solid Steel Cast- ing Compan)-, of Alliance, returning to his alma mater for the commencement day. Within his college course he had the distinction of winning the oratorical contest in the institu- tion itself, as well as third place in the Ohio state contest, in which twelve colleges com- peted with the men who had likewise gained the honors in the individual contests of the re- spective institutions, Mr. Ellett was also chosen orator of the Linaean Literary Society, and attained still farther prestige by winning the faculty classification, this implying that in the grading of all speeches of the students of the class during the four years' course he gained the highest standing of all, Mr, Ellett was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Phil- osophy, and his standing was most e.Kcellent in all departments of his college work, hi Mount Union College he became affiliated with the Alpha Tau Omega fraternity. In the au- tumn following his graduation in this institu- tion he entered the law department of the Uni- versity of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, and here he became a member of the Delta Chi, the fra- ternity of said department. About the niitldle of his senior year his health became so seriously impaired that he was compelled to leave the uni- versity, and he passed the ensuing year in re- cuperating his wasted energies. In January, 1896, Mr. Ellett identified himself with the Johnson Insurance Agency, of Alliance, Incom- ing a partner of J, Howard Johnson, who is now one of the most prominent insurance un- derwriters in the city of Cleveland, and he con- tinued to be associated in this enterprise about three years. In 1898 Mr. Ellett effected the or- ganization of the Crystal Case Company, of which he was made president and treasurer, and under his personal management and direc- tion the enterprise has grown from modest pro- portions to a status as the largest manufactory of revolving show cases in the Union, the pro- ducts being shipped to every state in the republic, while the annual output is very large and constantly increasing, and the trade is penetrating into many foreign countries. The company ha\e a large and well equipped plant, in which employment is afforded to a numerous corps of mechanics and assistants, and the products are recognized for their superior ex- cellence, pro\ing the best possible advertisement for themselves and for the company, while the name of the city in which they are manufac- tured is thus given still further prestige. The progressive policy inaugurated and maintain- ed by the company has insured a consecutive CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. m expansion of the business, and the president has gained the confidence and good will of the local community, while unstinted commenda- tion has been accorded him for his executive and administrative ability and honorable meth- ods in all things. In politics he gives an un- equivocal allegiance to the Republican party, taking a lively interest in the questions and issues of the hour, and keeping in close touch with the same and with the best in science and literature, notwithstanding the thronging cares of his business affairs. He is a member of the Duodecemvirate and Unity Clubs, promi- nent social orders of the city, and both he and his wife take an active part in the best social life of the community. On the 25th of January, 1896, Mr. Ellett was united in marriage to Miss Jennie H. Lemmon, who was born in Barnsville, Ohio, being a daughter of Rev. John S. Lemmon, one of the most distinguished and beloved clergy- men of the Eastern Ohio and Pittsburg con- ferences of the Methodist Episcopal church, and of this union have been born two winsome daughters. Harriet Kathleen and Eleanor. CAPT. URIAS ROYER REINHOLD.— The family of which Captain Reinhold is a worthy descendant had its origin in Heil- brun, Germany, and was first represented in America by two brothers who landed at Phila- delphia as early as the year 1700, one of them locating in what is now Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, the other settling somewhere in the South. ne\er to be heard of afterwards, Christopher Reinhold, the former, built his home on what is known as "Black Horse Hill" in the county of Lancaster, having been one of the first settlers in that portion of the state. He was a married man and became the father of three sons and three daughters and, according to the most reliable information, from him have descended all the Reinholds now li^■ins■ in the United States. Among his lineal descendants was one Henry Reinhold, \\'hose birth took place in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, March 14, 1786, and who was there united in mar- riage to Susan Conrad. She was born on the 15th of February, 1784, in the county of Lan- caster, her antecedents having settled there at an early period in the history of the colonies. Both families contributed sons to the American cause during the Revolutionary struggle, the Reinholds in particular achieving considerable distinction as daring soldiers. Henry Rein- hold was a man noted in his county, having held the oftice of justice of the peace for over forty years. He spent all his life in his native state, dying in Lancaster county in the year 1856, his widow surviving him until 1867. They were the parents of six children, all of whom became well settled in life, several of them achieving distinction in private life and official stations. The oldest of the nuinber. Col. Jesse Reinhold, a son of Henry, was sev- eral times elected to the general assembly of, Pennsylvania and made an honorable record as an able and discreet legislator. He finished his earthly course in Lancaster county, and .sleeps in the old Swamp burying ground, hal- lowed by the dust of several generations of his ancestors. Elizabeth, the second of the fam- ily, married Joel Sherrick, of Lancaster county and died in Indiana, to \vhich state they re- moved about the year 1865. John, the father of the subject of this sketch, was the third in succession and after him came Rev. Jacob Reinhold, a Baptist minister of much more than local repute, who departed this life a num- ber of yeai's ago in the county and state of his birth. Benjamin, who also lived and died in Lancaster county, served several terms as coun- ty treasurer and was a man of much more than ordinary mental ability and high social stand- ing. Anna, who married William T^Iuth and moved to Myerstown, Pennsylvania, where she still resides, is the onlv member of the familv 378 OLD LANDMARKS now living. All the above sons and daughters were far alx)ve the average in their physical make-up. their combined weight exceeding fourteen hundred and fifty pounds, or an av- erage of over two hundred and fifty pounds each. ' John Reinhold, the Captain's father, was born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, about the year 1817. When a young man he learned the tanner's trade and for a number of years carried on the manufacture of leather in con- nection with agricultural pursuits. He con- tinued farming and tanning on his own place until about 1849, when he purchased the old homestead, after which he devoted considerable of his attention to the raising of live stock, especially cattle. He also bought and shipped cattle upon an extensive scale and for quite a number of years did a large and thriving busi- ness, but meeting with financial reverses in 1872 was obliged to retire from active life. In 1882 he came to Canton, Ohio, and from that time until his death, ten years later, lived with his son, the subject of this review. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Leah Royer, was born in Lebanon county. Pennsylvania. Feb- ruary II, 1815, the daughter of Jacob Royer. whose forefathers came from Germany prior to the American struggle for independence and settled at what was afterwards called Roy- er's Ford, near the city of Philadelphia. One of the battles of the Revolution was fought on his forefather's farm, the family being eye witnesses of the action. Jacob Royer. father of Leah, settled at Millbach, Lebanon county, Pennsylvania. Mrs. Reinhold died in Mill- bach in 1 88 1 and the year following Mr. Rein- hold changed his abode to Canton, as stated above. The family of John and Leah Rein- hold consisted of eight children, whose names in order of birth are as follows : Susan, now ]\Irs. Peter Cockley. of Richland. Pennsyl- vania: Urias R.. of this sketcli ; Kate, wife of Samuel H. Adams, of Canton : Martin, who entered the service as orderly sergeant of Com- pany E, Seventeenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, in the late Civil war. was subsequently promoted second lieutenant, still later was made captain of Company I of the same command and in 1864 fell while leading his men against the enemy in the battle of Cedar Creek; Benjamin, also a soldier, enlisted in Company E, of the above regiment, served until the close of the war and at the present time lives in ^Mexico; Harry resides at Reading, Pennsylvania ; Jesse died at Richland, Pennsylvania, in 1896, and I.yizzie, who is unmarried, lives with her sister, Mrs. Adams, of Canton, Ohio. Referring to the life of Captain Urias R. Reinhold, it is learned that he was born at the old Royer home in Lebanon county, Pennsyl- vania, on the 26th of March, 1837. When he was three years old his parents moved to the county of Lancaster and there he attended the public and private schools until a youth of sixteen, meantime becoming acquainted with the more practical part of life by working at various kinds of manual labor. Desiring a more thorough intellectual training than could be acquired in such schools as he had been at- tending, he entered, at the age of sixteen. Rockville Academy, Chester county, Pennsyl- vania, where he pursued his studies one year and in 1836 became a student of Mt. Joy Acad- emy in the county of Lancaster. After at- tending the latter institution about the same length of time he turned his attention for one year to teaching and then assisted his father on the farm and in the tannery until attain- ing his majority. On reaching manhood's es- tate Mr. Reinhold, in partnership with a young gentleman of his acquaintance, engaged in the general mercantile trade at Myerstown. Penn- sylvania, and continued there doing a good business until the fall of 1861, when he sold out his interests in the establishment for the pur- pose of entering the arm\'. \\'hen the war cl(iud darkened the national horizon, he consid- CANTON And STARK- 'county , OHIO. 379- ered it the duty of every able bodied young man to tender liis service to the country, consequent- ly he did not long stand upon the order of his going, but at once, with Captain Tice, pro- ceeded to enlist a company, raising in less than two weeks a force of one hundred and twenty men. the majority of them from Myerstown and vicinity. Upon the organization of this company, which was subsequently assigned to the Second Pennsylvania Cavalry. ]Mr. Rein- hold was elected second lieutenant, his cousin, Reuben Reinhold, having been made first lieu- tenant. When the latter was promoted major by Gov. Curtin, the subject succeeded to the first lieutenancy, his younger brother, Martin, being commissioned second lieutenant of the company, while Reuben. !)efore mentioned, was promoted major. Mustered into the service at Camp Curtin, the regiment at once proceed- ed to the front, from which time until the close of the struggle its history is a part of the his- tory of the war and need not be attempted in detail in an article of the character of this re- view. Briefly stated, however, the command experienced its full share of service during the darkest days of our national history, having been assigned to the Army of the Potomac in time to take part in all the noted battles of the several Virginia campaigns. With a single exception, Mr. Reinhold participated in every battle in which his command was engaged, the exception being the rout at W^inchester, during whifch he was detailed on special duty else- where, although he reached the field in time to witness the termination of the battle. It is doubtful it any survivor of the great Rebellion can point to a record of so many battles as can the subject of this sketch, as witness the fol- lowing, in all of which he nobly bore his part as a brave defender of the flag and at times performed such duties of daring as to entitle him to the lasting gratitude of the American people. To make the list more explicit as a matter of reference, not onlv the names of the engagements but the dates of their occurrence are also given, to wit : Chancellorsville, April 30th to May 2d. inclusive, 1863 ; Beverly Ford, June 9th; Aldie, June i6th; Upperville, June 2 1st; Goose Creek, June 22d; Gettysburg, July 1st and 2d; Williamsport, July 6th; Beaver Creek, July 8th ; Brownsboro, July 9th ; Fall- ing Waters, July 14th; Brandy Station, August 1st; second action at Brandy Station, Septem- ber 14th; Beacon Fort, September 14th; Bar- nett's Station, October nth; Rappahannock Station, October 12th; Oak Hill, October 13th; Thoroughfare Gap, October 13th; Liberty, Oc- tober 24th; Belton Station, October 28th to 30th; Ricksyville, November 8th; Mine Run. November 9th and December ist. All of the foregoing engagements having been fought in the year 1863. In the following year he took part in the battles of Barnett's Ford, February 3d, after which he was absent from his com- mand on special duty during General Kilpat- rick's raid to Richmond. Later he joined the company and participated in the fights at Todd's Tavern, May 7th and 8th; Yellow Tavern, May nth ; Meadow Bridge, May 12th ; Hanovertown, May 27th; Hawes Shop, Mav 28tli; Old Church, May 30th; Cold Harbor. May 31st to June ist, inclusive; Trevillian Station, June nth and 12th: White House, June 2ist ; Jones Bridge, June 23d ; Darlington, July 28th; White Post, August nth; Cedar- ville, August 15th; Berryville, Augtist 22d; Kernesville, August 25th; Leeton, August 28th ; Smithville, August 24th ; Cedar Creek, October igth; Gordonsville, December 22d. During the years 1865 he was in Sheridan's raid to the James river canal and White House from February 29th to iVLarch i8th; Dinwid- dle Court House, March 30th and 31st; Scott's Cross Roads, April 2d: Drummond Hill, April 4th ; Sailors Creek and Appomattox Station, April 6th ; Appomattox Court House, April Qth, which witnessed the downfall of the Con- federacv. To face death so manv times and un- 38o OLD LANDMARKS der so many different circumstances and es- cape with but slight injury seems little less than miraculotis, but such is the record of this brave soldier, who in all these battles never shirked a responsibility nor shrank from a danger. For gallantry and praiseworthy conduct leading his men, he was promoted, February 13, 1865, captain of Company I, succeeding his brother, ]\Iartin R. Reinhold, who was killed in action, which position he held at the time of his dis- charge. ]\Ir. Reinhold was twice captured by the enemy, the first time while escorting a wagon train from Martinsburg to Winchester, but. thanks to the strength and fleetness of his horse, a noble animal of remarkable endur- ance, he succeeded in breaking away from his captors and leaving them far behind in his race for libert}'. lie and his men were twice surrounded Ijy Alosby, but would not surrender and fought themselves out. At the battle of Dinwiddle Station he was struck in the left ankle by a ririe ball, which inflicted a painful but not dangerous wound, and in several other engagements he was slightly injured, but never sufficiently serious as to cause him to be absent from duty. How many times he narrowly escaped death during his military experience may be inferred from the thirteen rents in his cuat made by as many bullets, to say nothing" of the close proximity of thousands of missiles which cut down his comrades around him like grain before the reaper in harvest time. Air. Reinhold was discharged at Clcnids Mill. Virginia, on the i6th day of June, 1S65. and nine days later he returned home with a herd of twenty-five horses, which he purchased for the purpose of speculation. During the following year he dealt quite largely in live stock and then accepted a position as traveling salesman for a Philadelphia wholesale house, which- he represented on the road dinging the greater parts of 1867 and 1868. While in the employ of this firm, he traveled over Ohio, with Canton as a base of operations, and on severing his connection with the house he de- cided to make this city his permanent place of residence. Securing a position as salesman with a mercantile firm, he moved his family here in 1869 and from that time until 1874 he served in the capacity of clerk, becoming familiar with even,- detail of the mercantile business the meantime. Resigning his clerkship, he again took the road for a wholesale house, and after spending three years in his territory at a lib- eral pecuniary consideration gave up the posi- tion to become agent for a dealer in metallic goods, in which he continued two years and later took up the tombstone business and hand- led all kinds of granite and marble work for Banhof & Bros., of Canton, in which capacity he continued during the ensuing seven vears. In the year 1882 Mr. Reinhold op- ened a small general grocery and pro- vision store m Canton, since which time it has steadiiy increased until he has now a large and lucrative business at his present stanil. his stock being now about two- thirds larger than when he began. In addi- tion to the above lines, he also carries a full stock of notions and is in the enjoyment of a patronage that taxes to the utmost the capacity of his establishment, requiring all of his own time, besides the services of several additional salesman. As a business man Mr. Reinhold has long occupied a conspicuous place among the successful tradesmen of Canton and by careful attention to the demands of the public, as well as by sound judgment and superior management, has ne\er been without a lucra- tive patronage. He has accumulated a com- fortable competence and as a citizen he stands high in the esteem of the people, occupying as prominent a position in social circles as he does in the commercial world. Mr. Reinhold's wife, whose maiden name was Rebecca Groh, is a native of Lebanon county. Pennsylvania, and a daughter of Christian and Rebecca (Im- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 381 mel) Gi'oh, botli parents born and reared in the Keystone state. The first of Mr. and Mrs. Reinhold's children, a daughter by tlie name of Rebecca, died when quite young; the second, SaHie, departed this Hfe at the age of five years ; Martin U., the third, met his deatli in a rail- road accident, April 10, 1890, when twenty- three years old: Mary Ann, born August 2, 1868, is the wife of Thomas S. Gulp, of Can- ton ; Kate, whose birth occurred on the 30th of August, 1870, is still at home; John Chris- tian, born in the year 1872, was a locomotive engineer on the Wheeling & Lake Erie Rail- road, but was killed in an accident, his engine running into an open switch ; Urias George, the youngest, was born October 12, 1882, and has never left the parental roof. ^Ir. Reinhold takes an active interest in public and political affairs and on state and national issues votes with the Republican party, being independent in matters local. He re- ceived the nomination for the office of member of the board of public service in March, of this year 1903. He is a member of the Ma- sonic and Odd Fellows fraternities and a zeal- ous worker in McKinley Post No. 12, Grand Army of the Republic, his name appearing on the charter of that organization. By an up- right, manly course of conduct he has made his presence felt in the city of his adoption and all who know him bear testimony to his sturdy qualities, generous nature and genuine patriotism. Liberal, kind hearted and public spirited, he is warm and unsuspecting in his friendships and stands four square to every wind that blows, a man whom his fellow citi- zens love and whom his county delights to honor. SILAS BENHAM POST, M. D.— This distinguished physician and surgeon springs from a very old family, the history of which in this country is traceable to the early settle- ment of New Jersey. Munson Post, the Doc-, tor's great-great-grandfather, was born in Es- sex county, that state, and there married and became the father of five children : Jeremiah, Joseph, David, Benjamin and one daughter whose name is not known. In the year 1781 Munson Post removed with his family to Mor-r ris township, Washington county, Pennsylvan- ia, making the journey in wagons and spending several weeks on the way. Politically he was a pronounced Democrat, which has been large- ly the belief of his descendants to the present day. Just what his religious faith was is not known, but he is supposed to have been a mem- ber of the church of England ; many of his de- scendants have been communicants of the sev- eral branches of the Presbyterian church, not a few of whom were noted for their piety and religious zeal. Jeremiah, the oldest son of Munson Post, was born in Esse.x county. New Jersey, Sep- tember 10, 1769, and was a lad of twelve years when his parents migrated to Pennsylvania. His education was somewhat limited, but he appears to have been a man of strong mental powers, as is evident from the influential po- sition he occupied in the community in which he lived. Li 1794 he married Martha, daugh- ter of Dr. Charles Cracraft, who bore him four children, namely: William, Deborah, Charles and Joseph. His first wife dying, he subse- quently, in 1804, entered the marriage relation with Mary Enlow. daughter of Abraham En- low, a union which resulted in the birth of the following children : Martha, Jemima, Martin, Jesse, Luke, Sarah, Mary A., James R. and Phoebe. Jeremiah Post lived for the first few years of his married life on a small farm near Van Buren, Washington county, Pennsylvania, but. selling that place, moved to an estate be- longing to his father-in-law. Dr. Cracraft, where he made his home the remainder of his days, the place being still in possession of his descendants. He was one of the charter mem- 3«2 OLD LANDMARKS bers of the old Bethel C. P. cluirch, and, dying June I, 1848, was huried in the Bethel ceme- tery, as was also his wife, who entered into rest on the 30th day of November, 1854. William Post, eldest son of Jeremiah, was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, Xo- vember 12, 1795, and. when a young man, married Margaret Lindley, daughter of Benja- min Lindley. a well-known resident of Morris township. To this union were born six sons and three daughters, Charles, Benjamin L., Jeremiah, Sarah, who died in early woman- hood, Martha, Jackson, ;Mary A., Joseph and Clark C. Charles, tlie oldest of these children, was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, in the year 1825, and there grew to maturity, meantime learning the tailor's trade. -He mar- ried in his native county Miss Jane Hays, who bore him seven children, namely : Lindley and Margaret, deceased; INIanda, wife of Will Mc- Curdy, of Washington, D. C. ; James, who lives in Montana; Dr. Silas B., of this review, and William and Harry, the last two making their homes in Washington. Peimsylvania. Charles Post and his wife ended their earthly careers in the county and state of their birth and, with others of their kindred, are sleeping in the old family burying ground, near which they liyed so long and well. Dr. Silas Benhani Post was born in Wash- ington county, Pennsylvania, his natal day be- ing the 3d of January, 1858. He spent his childhood and youth amid the pleasant sur- roundings of his home, attended the district schools until completing the prescribed course, after which he became a student of the high school in the town of Washington. The in- tellectual discipline thus received stimulated him to greater exertion in the matter of schol- astic training, and accordingly he entered, in 1874, Washington and Jefferson College, from which institution he was graduated five years later with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. With a well-cultivated mind he now l>egan prepar- ing himself for his life work, entering the of- fice of Dr. Grayson, of Washington, where he pursued his medical studies for one year, at the expiration of which time, in the fall of 1880, he enteretl the medical department of the same college from which he had previously been graduated. The Doctor's record in this in- stitution was an honorable one and immediately after his graduation, in the spring of 1882, he began the practice of his profession in the town of New Brightori. Pennsylvania. After remain- ing in the above place until the spring of 1885, and obtaining a liberal share of patronage, he decided to locate in a larger and more favor- able field, and .in March of that year he opened an otifice in Canton^ whither his well-known professional reputation had preceded him.- After practicing alone one year. Dr. Post became associated with Dr. R. P. Johnson, who was his partner about the same length of time, but since the dissolution of this firm he has conducted his professional business alone. In every department of the medical profession he easily ranks with the. ablest and most- schol- arly of his compeers, his success both as a physician and surgeon having won- for him much more than local distinction. He has spared neither pains nor expense in preparing himself for the noble work to which his life is being devoted, and the commanding position he now occupies among his professional brethren of Canton and Stark county has been achieved by merit, representing years of patient, con- scientious, intellectual discipline and untiring scientific research. In the treatment of diseases Dr. Post is fully abreast of the times, employ- ing only the latest and most approved meth- ods of practice^ whose efficacy he has demon- strated, also keeping in close touch with ad- vanced professional thought in everything pertaining to modern discovery in the realm- of medical science. The Doctor is- , pre-eminently a -scholar and thinker, CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 383 and he avails himself of every legiti- mate means to increase his knowledge and perfect his practice, and to these ends has sup- plied his office not only with a voluminous li- brary of the best medical literature, but also with a full assortment of the finest instruments and appliances used in the healing art. His original investigations have led to important and far-reaching discoveries, in which respect he is perhaps without a peer in this part of the state, a fact freely conceded by his associates here and elsewhere. The Doctor's pecuniaiy success has been commensurate with the abil- ity and energy displayed in his professional work, as is attested by the handsome compe- tence which he has accumulated since locating in the city of Canton. He wears his well-earned honors becomingly, being modest in his inter- course with his fellow men and easily approach- able by the humblest citizen desiring his serv- ices or advice. In 1887 Dr. Post was appointed physician of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company at this point and during President Harrison's admin- istration he served on the Stark county board of pension examiners. He also held the position of health officer two years and for the same length of time served as city physician, in addi- tion to which he was for some time a meml>er of the Aultman Hospital medical staff, and at this time is a physician of the Stark county in- firmary. He belongs to various medical socie- ties and associations, in all of which his abil- ities are duly recognized and appreciated. Among these organizations are the Stark Coun- ty Academy of Medicine, the Canton Medical Club, the Ohio State Medical Society and the American Medical Association, in additioi^ to which he was elected, in 1898, a fellow of the American Academy of- Medicine, one of the most eminent professional bodies in the Union. Dr. Post is a gentleman of refined tastes and possesses decided literary abilities. In recognition of his scholarship and literary work he received from Washington and Jefferson College, in 1882, the degree of Master of Arts, a well-earned honor as well as a fitting and graceful compliment to one of the most dis- tinguished alumni of that institutiun. Politic cally the Doctor is a Republican and as such has figured conspicuously in the affairs of the county and state, but not as an aspirant for. public distinction. In religion he subscribes to the Calvinistic creed, being a member of the Presbyterian church of Canton. Referring to Dr. Post's domestic history, it is learned that he is a happily married man and the father of two bright children. Miss Anna L. Bucher, who became his wife on the Tgth day of January, 1887, is the daughter of J. G. and Lucy (Kitzmiller) Bucher; the chil- dren are Lucy B., born July 26, 1890, and Will- iam Hawk, whose birth occurred Tanuarv 30, 1892. « ■ » FRANK DaHINDEN, M. D., son of Jacob and Charlotte DaHinden, is a native of Stark county, Ohio, born at the old family home on South Market street in the city of Canton; September 15. 1875. It is a fact worthy of note that from his early manhood the future physician was of a studious nature, and after learning to read, which he did at an early age, he would frequently absent himself from his companions ami playmates to indulge his de- sire for knowledge. This liking for books be- came almost a passion, in consequence of which he made rapid advancement in his studies, at- tending the public schools of the city until his eighteenth year. The training thus received was afterwards supplemented by a full course in the Canton Commercial College ; but a busi- ness life ha\-ing no inducements for him, he wisely decided to turn his attention to the medi- cal profession, for which he had long mani- fested a pronounced preference. Yielding, at length, to this desire, the young man entered 384 OLD LANDMARKS the office of Dr. O. E. Portnian, of Canton, un- der whose instruction he continued until Sep- tember, 1895, ^vhen he became a student of the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Cleve- land. He prosecuted his studies in that in- stitution until his graduation, in j\lay, 1898, after which he engaged in the practice at Wheeling, West Virginia, in partnership witli Dr. R. M. Ran, a relationship lasting a little more than one year. Leaving- that city he re- turned to his native place and established him- self in a practice which from the beginning" has been signally successful, professionally and financially. Dr. DaHinden is deservedly popular with the people with whom he is brought in contact, not only in a professional way, but as a friend and citizen. His reputation as a representa- tive of the school of medicine to which he be- longs is wide-spread and exalted and he can with complacency consider the long list of suf- ferers whom his skill has relieved and the large number that now rely upon his services for aid in their time of need. Dr. DaHinden combines with a knowledge of his profession the sympathizing nature and tender touch of the true healer and in the sick room inspires the confidence of his patients, without which success in most cases is largely a matter of doubt. He also possesses good business tact and by diligence and careful judg- ment as well as by faithful application has se- cured not only a lucrative practice, but a com- petence of a magnitude seldom acquired by one of his age and professional experience. He holds membership with the Stark County ^led- ical Society, the Medical Society of Canton, the Stark County Academy of ^ledicine and other organizations whose objects are to promote a higher standard of efficiency to the end that suffering humanity may be relieved and a bet- ter type of physical manhood developed. Fra- ternally he belongs to Canton Lodge Xo. 589, Knights of Pythias, and he is also identified with the order of Ben Hur, a benevolent or- ganization with life insurance as its principal object. Politically Dr. DaHinden is a man of broad and liberal views. He exercises the right of elective franchise with little regard for party behests, voting his principles in whatever or- ganization found, in local and state affairs sup- porting the man who in his judgment combines the best qualifications for the office sought. He is still a wide reader and his acquaintance with the world's best literature is general and in many respects profound. His medical library contains many of the best works extant, in ad- dition to which he keeps himself in toucii with modern discoveries and methods through the medium of the leading medical publications of the day. The Doctor's standing in society is commensurate with his standing in the med- ical world, as is attested by his intimate rela- tionship with the best social circles of tlie city in which his life has been spent. LEONARD KUEBELE was born in Ful- ton. Austria, on the 9th of November. 181 7, the place being at that time under Hessian rule. He is a son of Frederick and Mary Kuebele, of whose five children he is one of the two sur- viving, his sister, Flora, being the wife of Jo- seph Gehring, of Wheeling, West Virginia. The father of the subject was born in the same place in Austria, in the year 1793, and there grew up on a farm and continued to be identi- fied with agricultural pursuits in his native province until the year 1837 when he emigrated with his family to the United States, coming forthwith to Ohio and taking up his abode on a farm in Tuscarawas county, where he died in 1838, at the age of forty-four years. His first wife, the mother of the subject, entered into eternal rest in 1825, and he later married ]\Iiss ALary Klitch, no children being born of this marriage. The subject remained at the ^jurvi-CvT^ /^^^^^-e^ . CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 3«5 paternal home until he had attained the age of twenty years, having received his early educa- tional training in the excellent schools of the fatherland, while he early became familiar with the various duties involved in the cultivation and other work of the farm. At the age noted he secured employment in connection with the construction of the line of railroad between Madison and Indianapolis, Indiana, receiving twenty dollars per month and his board and being thus engaged for a period of nine months, within which time occurred the death of his honored father, of which sad e\-ent he did not receive tidings until more than six months later, the family not knowing where he was located. His father died in October, and when the sub- ject returned to Cincinnati, Ohio, in the follow- ing May, he found two letters awaiting him, and through one of these he learned that there was severe illness in his home and that the fam- ily were on the verge of starvation. He at once made all haste to go to their relief, and he became the main support of the family. He remained in Tuscarawas county, where he fol- lowed such occupations as he could secure, digging ore, farming, etc. In 1846 he was uni- ted in marriage to Miss Emily Limecruber. and within the same year he became associated w-ith his brother-in-law. Calep Limecruber, in leasing a tract of timber land, the provisions of the lease being that they should have as their own all products which they succeeded in raising on the land which they cleared for a period of sev- en years. They cleared five acres the first spring and planted the same to corn, and there- after vigorously continued the arduous work of reclaiming the land to cultivation. After the expiration of the original lease Mr. Kuebele re- mained on the place for five years further, pay- ing his rent in a share of the crops. His brother- in-law continued to be associated with him only one year. After leaving the farm which had thus been the scene of his herculean la1x)rs Mr. Kuebele purchased of his father-in-law a farm 24 of forty acres in Paris tow^nship, Stark county, together with an adjoining tract of sixteen acres, which was owned by another person. In the following spring he removed to his new farm, and here his earnest and indefatigable efforts were attended with success, and as pros- perity came to him he added to the area of his place until the farm comprised one hundred and twenty-seven acres. In 1870 he disposed of this farm and purchased his present place, com- prising one hundred and six acres, in section 3, Osnaburg township, where he has one of the valuable and finely improved farms of the coun- ty and he still gives a more or less active super- vision to the work, his years resting lightly upon his head. He is held in the highest es- teem and veneration as one of the patriarchal citizens of the county, having so ordered his life as to be worthy of all honor and esteem and having attained prosperity through his own persevering and well-directed efforts. In poli- tics he gives an unfaltering allegiance to the Democratic party, and his religious faith is that of the Catholic church, of which he is a com- municant, as w^as also his devoted and cher- ished wife, who was summoned into the life eternal on the 8th of August, 1872. They be- came the parents of seven children, of whom only one survives, George, who has the active charge of the home farm and who is one of the able and honored citizens of this section. \T.\THAN HOLLOWAY.— The subject bears the full patronymic of his honored grand- father, Nathan Holloway. who was of fine old English stock and a native of Virginia, where the family was founded in the colonial era of our history. He served with distinction as a soldier in the war of 1812. and. as before inti- mated, was a planter and slaveholder in the Old Dominion up to the time of the war of the Re- bellion, through whose ravages he met with tlie grievous reverses which attended so large a pro- 386 OLD LANDMARKS portion of the generous and cliivalrous landed proprietors of tliat must patrician of all the states of tlie I'nion. In i860, and onl\- a short time before the ontl)reak of the Rebelhon, our subject passed three months with his grand- father on the old plantation, and his sympathies were even then distinctively with the Union cause, since he had been reared in Ohio, where the institution of human slavery was generally held in abhorrence and where he had grown tip in the midst of abolition sentiments. While he was thus in Virginia the subject's letters from the north were opened and perused and were not allowed to come into his hands for some time, and he finally decided to make an efifort to be no longer denied his rights in this direction. The mail was customarily brought to the plantation by a bright negro, and to this employe of his grandfather the subject said one day, "Jim, I'll go after the mail this morning." and he accordingly proceeded to carry out his plan. Going to the village he found the neigh- boring planters gathered about the postoftice. stores and rum shops vigorously discussing the .all-pre\ailing topic of impending conflict be- tween north and south. Mr. Holloway worked liimself into their good graces by frequently tendering the appreciated compliment of pur- chasing "rounds of drinks," and they therefore tliibbed him a good fellow, and thereafter he had no further difficulty in securing his mail regnlarl}'. The grandfather of the subject died in Fauquier county, Virginia, in 187 1, at which time he had reached the patriarchal age of ninety-two years, while his wife, who was sev- eral years older than himself, died in 1864. at the age of ninety-two. They became the par- ents of two children, Isaac, the father of the s-ubject, and I.orinda. who became the wife of " William Smith, and who died on her planta- tion, in Fauquier county, Virginia, in 1891, at the agie of ninety- four years,. so that it may be seen that the subject of this sketch is a scion of long-lived stock. Isaac Holloway was born on the old hunie plantation, in Stafford county, \'irginia. on the j/th of December, 1S05, and his educational training was received inider the direction of the itinerant teachers so connnon to that locality in the early days. In 1828 he left home and started out to face the battle of life on his own respon- sibility, his equipment for the valiant crusade as a soldier of fortune being the sum of one hundred dollars and his horse, saddle and bri- dle. He came through on horseback to Ohio, stopping at Wrightstown (now Belmont), in Belmont county, where he joined his uncle, and there he attended school for six months, after which he became a teacher in the pioneer schools of that section of the state. He later engaged in the general merchandise business at Rockhill, Belmont county, where he remained five years, and thereafter he removed to Flushing, same county, where he continued to be engaged in the same line of enterprise until within a few years of his death, having been one of the lion- ored and influential citizens of the county. He died in 1885, at the age of eighty years, secure in the esteem of all who knew him and iiaving lived a life of signal usefulness and honor. He served for a quarter of a century in the office of justice of the peace, and in 1848 he was a delegate to the national convention of the bVee- soil party, held in the city of Buffalo, which nominated Van Buren for the presidency. In 1857, as a candidate of the Republican party, whose cause he espoused at the time of its in-' ception. he was elected to the state senate, in w hich he rendered most efficient service, being one of the active and influential members of this deliberative body of the state government. He was an appreciative member of the Masonic fraternity. In Belmont county, in the year 183T. was solemnized the marriage of Isaac Holloway to 'Miss Harriet Sheetz. who was hour in that county, being of German descent, and she died in 1847. leaving three children. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 387 namely: Otho S.. wlio died in Belmont coun- ty, in 1891, at the age of sixty-nine years; Anna N., who is the wife of Thomas Atkin- son, of Denver, Colorado, and Nathan, who fig- ures as the immediate subject of this review. Isaac Holloway subsequently consummated a second marriage, being united to Miss Ann Eliza Norton, of Belmont county, who sur- vived him, her death occurring in 1890. No children were born of this marriage. Nathan Holloway was born in the town of Flushing, Belmont county, Ohio, on the 6th of October, 1837, and he secured the best educa- tional advantages afforded in the locality and period. x-\s a boy he began to assist his father in the store, and he continued to be identified with this enterprise until his father closed out the same and established himself in the pri\ate banking business m Flushing, and our subject then assumed an executive position in the bank. Later he read law under the preceptorship of his elder brother, who was a leading member of the bar of that county, and in i860 the Cap- tain was duly admitted to the bar of the state, upon an examination before the supreme court. He has, however, never devoted his attention to the practice of his profession, although his technical knowledge has proved of inestimable value to him in his long and successful career as a man of affairs. In 1861 came the clarion call to arms, sum- moning the loyal sons of. the republic to go forth in defence of the Union whose integritv was menaced by armed rebellion, and, notwith- standing the position of his grandfather, who was a slaveholder, as before noted, both our subject and his elder brother tendered their services. Otho Holloway organized in Bel- mont county Company K of the Fifteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, of which he was made cap- tain, and our subject enlisted as a private in the same company, in the same year. The reg- iment was assigned to the Arniy of the Ohio auf! went to the front under command of Gen- eral Buell. The subject was in active service for eleven months and his health had then be- come so seriously impaired as to render him in- eligible for further duty, so that he was granted an honorable discharge, at Florence, Alabama, having participated in the \arious engagements in which his command had been involved up to practically that time. His brother remained in the service about one and one-half years and made a gallant record. After the close of his military service Mr. Holloway returned to his home, and shortly afterward established him- self in the mercantile business at Rockhill, in his native county., Six months later he dis- posed of the business and remo\-ed to Prince- ton. Scott county, Iowa, where he was en- gaged in the same line of business for the en- suing three years, being successful in his ef- forts. He then removed to Loganville, Wis- consin, located in the midst of the hop grow- ing district of that state, and there opened a general store. Hops commanded a high price that season, selling for sixty-five cents a pound, and Mr. Holloway purchased the product in large quantities and sold at a good profit. He conducted a credit business to a large extent, as the hop-growers were usually somewhat prodigal of their money, and he had to carry many of their accounts on his books until they realized from the crops of the next season. The next year witnessed the production of a fine crop of hops throughout the country, and our subject felt justified in offering twentv- five cents a pound for the same, but the sequel proved to his disadvantage, since the product depreciated in price until practically no market existed for the same, the result being that Mn. Holloway met with a serious loss. He according- ly gave up the Wisconsin business in 1870 and returned to Ohio, again engaging in the mer- cantile business and at this time locating in the town of Belmont. By good management he succeeded in soon liquidating his entire indebt- edness; entailed bv his Wisconsin re\erses, and 388 OLD LANDMARKS he built up ;i riourishing enterprise in tlie new location. In 1882 he removed to the city of Chicago, wliere he was engaged in tlie grocery business nearly three years, also operating on the stock markets until 1885, when his father died, and he returned home to look after the estate, his family remaining in Chicago until the following year. He next took up his abode in Xew Philadelphia. Tuscarawas county, where he remained until the autumn of 1887, when he came to Canton and engaged in the real-estate business, to which be dexoted bis attention for a short time. In 1888 be became identified with the manufacturing of brick, being at the start associated with Colonel Percy Sowers and John ^IcGregor, and they built the Standard Brick Works at North Industry, Col- onel Sowers purchasing the interests of liis partners about the time the plant was ready to be put in operation, and the Colonel then pro- ceeded to organize a stock company for the car- rying on of the enterprise. In the autumn of 1889 Captain Holloway built what is still known as the Holloway brick plant, at North Industry, placing the same into operation and at the end of the first year admitted Ralph Spiro and George Rex to partnership in the business. In iSqi the subject sold bis interests to Aaron !Muman, and in the fall of that year he pur- chased a china store in Canton, conducting the same one year. i\X the present time be is secre- tary of the Diamond Light Company, repre- senting a flourishing business, in tlie ownership of w'hich he is associated witii his son-in-law. Ira H. Everhard. Mr. Holloway has ever been known as a progressive and broad-minded busi- ness man and a loyal and ])ublic-spirited citi- zen, while be has ne\er lacked the fullest measure of popular confitlence and esteem. In politics be was stanchly arrayed with the Re- publican party until the presidential campaign of 1896, when he found his convictions not in harmony with the party's financial platfomi, and transferred his allegiance to the Democ- racy, of wbo.'^e cause he has since been a stanch supporter. I'raternally he is identified with George D. Harter Post No. 335. Grand Army of the Republic, and with Canton Lodge No. 60, Lree and Accepted Masons. In I'elmont county, this state, on the 4th of March. 1863. Captain Holloway was united in marriage to Miss Geoi-giana Stewart, who was born and reared in that county, being a daughter of John M. Stewart, an honored pio- neer of that section. Of this union have been born four children, namely: Dora H., who is the wife of Ira H. Everhard, of Canton: Na- than C., who is engaged in business in the citv of Columlius, this state; Josephine H.. whc) married Charles F. W'allraff, of Washington City, died January 17, 1901 : and (leorgia Grace, who remains at the parental home, which is a center oi gracious hospitality. IRA M. ALLEN was for many years a prominent educator of eastern Ohio. He was born in Rensselaer county. New York, on the I ith of May, 1821, and comes of an old family of New England. His grandfather, Samuel Allen, was born in Rhode Island and was of Scotch-Irish extraction. He married Patience Six)on, whose father, a sea captain, was of English and Welsh descent. Caleb Allen, father of the subject, was torn in Rensselaer county. July 15, 1787, and married Hiilda Dawley. who was born in Rhode Island on the 1 8th of Octoljer, 1788, and was of Welsh lineage. They began their domestic life in his native county, where they spent several years, when they removd to Cayuga coiuity. Later they l)ecame residents of Ontario county. New York, where they resided until their deaths. Mr. Allen lived the quiet, retired life of a farmer and was a man of sterling worth. The subject was the fifth in a family numbering four sons and two daughters, of whom all are now deceased. His boyhood wa? IRA M. ALLEN. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 389 spent upon liis fatlier's farm and his early edu- cation, acquired in the district schools, was supplemented by study in Skaneateles Academy. At the age ol eighteen years he began teach- ing- in Ontario county. New York, where he followed his chosen profession until 1842. In the spring- of that year he started for Ken- tucky via canal route, stopping in Ivlassillon to visit an uncle. A vacancy being open in a school there, he was asked to take charge of the same, which he did. He was employed there as a teacher until 1847. Coming to Canton, he then took charge of a select school, which he carried on until 1850, when the city adopted the union-school law, the third city in the state to take advantage of this law. In 1854 Mr. Allen went to Massillon and took charge of the Charity Rotch School, of that place, which he superintended until 1864. In that year he gave up his school work and turned his attention to farn-iing, which he followeil until 1869, when he was elected treasurer of Stark county, for a tern-i of two years. Faithfully did he perform liis duties, and on the expiration of his term he was re-elected, serving in all for four years. Mr. Allen found a faithful companion and helpmate in his estimable wife, whom he wed- ded ]\Iay 29, 1844. In her maidenhood she was Ella O. Graham, daughter of Hon. John and Susan (Troop) Graham, both natives of Pennsylvania, the former of whom served as state senator from Stark county. Unto them have been born five children : Alice, who died in 1875; John C. married Mary Feather, of Canton, and died in October, 1890, leaving a wife and two sons; Florence H. ; Emma S., wife of L. Sollmann, a druggist of Canton ; and Ella O.. now deceased. The family resides at No. 1800 South Market street, where they have a good home in the midst of pleasant surround- ings. After retiring from the treasurer's office, Mr, Allen was variously employed until 1878, when he again went to Massillon and had charge of the Charity Rotch School for another decade. He was a most excellent educator, possessing superior ability in instructing youth- ful minds, and many who have been success- ful in various walks of life have reason to thank him for the aid he gave in younger years. His life has been devoted to school work and he has done much in the interests of education in this comnumity. For more than thirty years he was a member of the county board of school examiners. On attaining- his majority, Mr. Allen affili- ated with the Democratic party, which he con- tinued to support until the organization of the Republican party, of which he was a stanch advocate. He was a prominent citizen of this coinmunity, widely and favorably known, and highly respected by all. The following obitu- ary^ notice, referring to the honored subject, is here reproduced : On the evening of the 26th of December, 1897, the spirit of Ira M. Allen, at peace with God and man, crossed the vale to rest from his earthly labors. He was blessed with the conscientiousness of a life that never shirked its duty to his fellow men. Ever mindful of divine precepts, he pointed upwards, guided by his un- faltering trust in universal brotherhood and faith in the Kingdom of Christ. He felt within that peace which passeth understanding, and such as can only be ob- tained from a life spent in noble deeds, with charity for all and malice toward none. His remains were laid to rest in the Westlawn cemetery of Canton, which holds many of the old pioneer residents of the state and the nation's illustrious dead. His wife still survives, living in the old homestead on South Market street, being in her eightieth year, still blessed with health and strength. In concluding this biography we quote from an editorial in a local paper regarding a refer- ence inade to the subject by the late lamented President McKinley. who was his life-long companion and friend : Among the happiest of President JNIcKinley's front- door responses during the presidential campaign of 1896 was that which he made to his old political associates on the Stark county Republican ticket of 1896. There is fond memory in the words he spoke for many Stark 390 OLD LANDMARKS' co'.mty friends : but the fond recollections of his political campaign, when he ran for prosecuting attorney, had these words in reference to the late Ira M. Allen, who passed from life to the great beyond on Friday night: ''That other good friend of us all, another of the pio- neers, Ira M. Allen, was on the ticket for county treas- urer, with whom I think I traveled in every nook and corner of the county during that campaign." "Good friend of us all." What a happy tribute of him then in life was this to the "good friend of us all." who has now passed away. Ira ^I. Allen was indeed a "good friend of us all." Whether it was to be poor or well-to-do, Ira M .Allen was a good friend, a thoughtful friend, a charitable friend, a hearty friend, and a faithful friend, whose greatest happiness was in the happiness of his family and his friends. He was the "friend of lis all." They tell of life's good deeds. They speak of a husband's love, of a father's devotion, of a neighbor'.-; regard, of a citizen's public spirit. They tell of an hon- est man, "the noblest work of God.'' HAR\'EY R. DITTEXHAFER.— Just when Mr. Dittenhafer's ancesUjrs settled in Pennsylvania is nut kndwii. hut it is supposed to have been at a \ery early period in the his- tory of that commonwealth. Ilis grandfather. Christian Dittenhafer, was born rmd reared in Adams county, that state, and lived there a great many years as an enterprising and suc- cessful agriculturist. The wife of Christian be- fore her marriage was a Miss Hart and came of a family of distinguished artists, several of whom achieved national reputation as painters. Christian Dittenhafer was a man of considera- ble prominence in his county and for a number of years fig'ured f|uite conspicuously in its public affairs. Living near the southern border of the state, where there was a great divergence of opinion in relation to the question of slavery and the matter of secession, it was but natural that he should have very decided views upon issties of such great moment. To a certain e.x- tent his sympathies were with the South at the breaking out of the great Rebellion, but he was conservative in the expression of his opinions and took no acti\"c part in the troubles growing out of the disturbed conditions of those times. When the Conferlerate forces under General Lee invaded sinitiiern Penns\l\ania, a detach- ment of the army encamped on Mr. Ditten- hafer's farm and took possession of his house for a hospital. They also appropriated his horses and when expostulated with concerning th.e matter replied that they did not care a l)ig d — d whether the owner was friendly t'j the South or not. the live stock was needed and would be taken regardless of consequences. This action of the Confederate officers com- j)letel\' changed the views of the honest old farmer and froin that time on he was a warm and uncompromising friend of the L^nion cause. Christian Dittenhafer was a man of remark- able physical strength and lived to a ripe old age. dying in 1868 after reaching the century mark. For many years he was interested in the puljlic improvements of his part of the state and. with Hon. Thaddeus Stevens, built one of the first railroads through .\dams county. In his younger clays he served as a soldier in the war of 1812 and was made a prisoner l)y the Uritish at the surrender of Detroit. The chil- dren of Christian and Mrs. Dittenhafer, five in number, were John H.. father of the subject of this sketch; Betsey married Samuel Lahr. who ser\ed as captain in the Mexican war and died while in the service: Henry married Chris- tie Hassler and lives in Seneca county. Ohio; Joseph is a resident of Bryan, this state, and George, whose home is in .\dams count\-. Penn- sylvania. John H. Dittenhafer was born near what is locally known as "Seven Stars." Adams coun- ty, Pennsylvania, and there grew to manhood as a tiller of the soil. He attenfled such schools as the country at that time afforded and when a voung man learned the shoemaker's trade, which he plied for a number of years at dif- ferent places, eventually turning his attention to agricultural pursuits. In his youth he became a great hunter and would frequently spend days in the pursuits of his faxorite pastime, deer and CANTON AND STARK X:OUNTy, OHIO. ■i9i- olher wild game being plentiful in the country and easily obtained by the skillful marksman. For four years he worked at his trade in the summer time and of winter seasons taught school in the old log' cabin near his father's place, in which he received his own educational training. About 1839 '^^ came via the l^jkes to Ohio and while euroute visited relatives by the name of Hart, living at Rochester, New York, who advised him to remain in that city, hold-' ing out as an inducement an offer to set him up in business. 'nfected with what was then termed the "Ohio fe\'er," the young man de- clined this iiattering inducement with thanks and. proceeding on his way, in due time reached Canton, near which ])lace he taught a term of school the winter following. This was formerly known as tlie old Lautzenhauzer school, the building being a delapidated log structure, through the roof and sides of which the snow and rain came at will, while the pupils were nearly all young men and women as old and some of them much larger than the teacher. At that time the German and English tongues were al)out equally used in the neighborhood and Mr. Dittenhafer found himself under the necessity of teaching both, languages, which he did ^successfully, being as conversant with the one as with the other. Among his pupils were a number of boys who subsequently became the leading men of the county, while others moved to distant states and attained honorable dis- tinction in their \-arious vocations and profes- sions. Mr. Dittenhafer was married in Canton to Miss Catherine Petree, wiiose birth occurred in Lebanon county, Pennsylvania, in the }'ear 1819. Mrs. Dittenhafer's paternal grandfather, a native of France, came to America prior to the Revolutionary war, starting with a large share of the wealth which he had inherited, but, by reason of shipwreck, landed on the shores of the new world with no possessions other than the raiment with which he was attired. He lo- cated in Lebanon county, Pennsylvania, and then married and reared a familw among his children being a son by the name of Har\e\-. the fatiier of Mrs. Dittenhafer. Harvey Petree . married in his native county and about the year 1839 moved his family to Stark county, Ohio, settling in Canton, where he subsequently achieved quite a reputation as a manufacturer of counterpanes and other textile fabrics. He worked into these articles many beautiful ar- i tistic designs and wherever his products were exhibited they at once commanded high prices. Some of his counterpanes found their way to' France, where they are still preserved, while others are retained as valuable heirlooms in a' number of households in Stark and other coun-' ties of Ohio. After plying his trade for some years in Canton Mr. Petree went to li\e with a married daughter near Dayton, Ohio, and it was there that his death afterwands occurred, at the age of eighty-six, his wife preceding him to the other world by some years. -Mrs. Dittenhafer was a young woman of about twenty years when her parents moved to Stark county and she bore her share in the long tiresome journey by wagon across the moun- tains. .Vfter his marriage Mr. Dittenhafer re- sumed his trade and it is a fact worthy of note that he made the first pair of shoes which his son, Harvey R., wore to the front in the dark days of 1861. One of these was afterwards pierced by a musket ball and is still kept as a memento of the war, its companion being left on the field of battle. Har\ey Dittenhafer con- tinued shoemaking a number of vears and de- parted this life in 1896. He was a man of sterling worth, actix'e in aiding e\erv enterprise for the material advancement of his commu- nity and his influence was generally exerted on the right side of e\'ery moral qtiestion. Po- litically he was always a staunch Democrat, but his local pride induced him to support his fellow citizen, William McKiuley, for the vari-' ous iiffices which that distinguished statesman hekl, Tn matters religiotis he was a Alethodist, ' 392 OLD LANDMARKS his wife being a meinber of the Evangelical cliiircli and an acti\e worker in the same until her "Icatli. which occurred on the i8th of Feb- ruary. 1902. Mrs. Dittenhafer was widely and favora1)ly known in Canton and throughout Stark county, having for many years run the largest dressmaking esta'bblishment in the city. This was before the advent of the sewing ma- cliine and as she employed only the most skill- ful seamstresses, the product of her establish- ment became celebrated throughout this sec- tion of the state. She invented various dia- grams and devices for cutting and fitting ladies" and children's garments, which were after- wards generally adopted and at one time she w.Ts involved in litigation growing out of an in- fringement upon a patent, the late President McKinley being her lawver. She was pri^mii- nent in business circles, stood equally promi- nent socially and will always be remeinbered as one of the most enterprising and highly es- teemed women the city of Canton has e\"er known. Harvey and Catherine Dittenhafer reared a family of three children, namely: Frances .\.. wife of U. B. Shanafelt ; Harve}- R.. of this re- view, and Irene, an unmarried ladv living in C:uiton. Harvey R. Dittenhafer was born where the liank building now stands. No. 521 North I\Iarket street. Canton. Ohio, on the iC^th day of January, 1844. Like the majority of city lads, he was put to school at the proper age and continued at his studies until his se\-en- teenth year, when he laid aside his books for the purpose of responding to President Lin- coln's call for Aolunteers. Although a mere youth at the time, his patriotism was of the kind of which heroes are made and he felt it incumbent upon him to oi¥er his life if need be in defence of the country he loved so well. On the TTth day of August. i86t. he enlisted in Company L Sixty-fourth Ohio A'olunteer In- fantry, for three years or during the war. and immediately thereafter went into camp at Mans- field where the regimental organization was ef- fected through the efforts of the late Hon. John Sherman, one of Ohio's favorite sons antl one of the nation's greatest statesmen. In due time the Sixty-fourth was sent to the front to bear its part in the campaign conducted by General Ciram. the first noted battle of which was fought at Pittsburg Landing. Mr. Dittenhafer participated in that bloody engagement and la- ter took part in the siege of Corinth, battles of Stone Ri\er and Peri\\\ille. receiving a severe wound in the left hip at the latter place. After being struck he continued to load and fire until a second shot pierced his ankle, when his suf- ferings became such as to render him unalile for further duty. While lying helpless on the field after the fightiing had ceased, trying Ijy every means at hand to stanch the bleeding of his wounds, Mr. Dittenhafer was discovered by a couple of vampires who were bent upon rifiing the pockets of the dead and wounded and strip- ping their bodies of such articles of clothing as attracted their greedy eyes. Seeing that he wore pretty fair footwear one of the ghouls said. "Say. Yank, this is a good pair of boots you have on. and we must ha\e them." ' Suit- ing the action to the word, he at once ]:)roceeded to jerk rather violently at one of the boots re- gardless of the pain it caused, but before he could accomplish his fell purpose a \olley from a squad of Lhiion men near by caused him to de- sist and seek safety in flight. A little later in the evening two Englishmen belonging to the Confederate force, passing over the field, dis- covered the wounded man and taking pity upon him bandaged his hip. cut the 1)Oot from the in- jured foot .•uid made him as comfortable as tlie circumstances would allow. Sul)sequently a squad of Union men. detailed to bring in the wounded, bore him to a place of safety, after which he was convcved to the hospitable home of a planter living hard by where eveiwthing possible was done to alleviate his suft'eriug. But f(^r the kindiv ministration and the inter- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 393 est tnjcen in liini In* the two friendly English men jMr. Dittenhater would not be living today to tell the story of his agony on the liloody Held of conflict. In the planter"? home, which had been converted into a hospital for the treatment of fioth I.'nion and Confederate wounded, many pathetic incidents occurred, but the dull monot- ony and suffering were occasionally enlivened by things of a more pleasing and agreeable na- ture. One of the latter was the interest taken in the wounded by a daughter of the household, who not on)v assisted in ministering to the w.'mts of the sufferers, l)ut lnoked after their correspondence, reading letters fnim their friends, writing for those who were unable to hold pens and in many other ways showing her- self an angel of mercy in time of need. After remaining one month at the above ])lace, the subject was sent to the convalescent hospital at Murfreesboro, Tennessee, for a short time and was then offered a discharge. Not wishing to leave the army until the war closed, he de- clined the discharge. acce])ting instead a fur- lough with the hint that his services would no longer be re(|uired on account of the natiu'e of his wounds. After spending a few weeks at a hotel in Nashville, he came home and never again returned to his command, his physical conclition precluding the possiliility of further service in the held. During the six years following his dis- charge Mr. Dittenhafer suffered greatly from his wound and it was fully that length of time before he could get about with any degree of comfort. In 1S65 he went to Fort \\'ayne. Indiana, and engaged in jiainting. devoting es- pecial attention to sign painting and other lines of work which could be done indoors. Subse- quently he opened shops at various places in northern Indiana and along the great lakes, developing great skill with the brush and meet- ing with satisfactory financial returns for his labors. Finally he returned to Canton and es- tablished a comfortable business, which he has since conducted, meantime by thrift and good management accumulating a sufficiency of this world's goods to place himself and family in independent circumstances. In the year 1869 Mr. Dittenhafer was united in marriage with Miss Sadie E. Ortt, of New Philadelphia, Ohio, daughter of George L. and • — •— (Shriever) Ortt, the ceremony be- ing solemnized in the Old Baptist church of Canton. Rev. Mr. Smith officiating. This union has been blessed with two children, Percy S., torn July 18, 1871, married Miss Grace Me- rose, and is the father of one son, Paul ; Percy Dittenhafer is his father's business partner and is one of the rising young men of Canton. Pearl, the second in order of birth, has been twice married, the first time to George Petersen, by whom she had two children, Mary and Georgie, and after the death of Mr. Petersen she became the wife of August Schopp and at the present time lives in the city of Alliance. Mr. and Mrs. Dittenhafer are popular in the best social circles of Canton, besides having many warm friends among all classes and con- ditions of the city's popular citizens. Thev li\e in a beautiful and tastefully arranged home on North Walnut street, before which the grand old stars and stripes continually swing to the breeze, attesting the loyalty and love the owner has for the country to which he gave several of the best years of his life and for which he freely sacrificed the strength of a robust man- hood. When Mr. Dittenhafer learns of a com- rade's death, his flag is placed at half mast as a token of the high esteem in which he holds the brave boys who in time of the government's extremity went forth to do battle that the in- stitutions which the fathers established should not perish from the face of the earth. He is a member of McKinley Post, Grand Army of the Republic, his name appearing at the head of the list of charter members of this organization. He was a life-long friend and great admirer of the late President McKinlev and serve'd 394 OLD LANDMARKS with him on the committee appointed in 1896 to receive the Confederate soldiers upon the oc- casion of their third visit to Canton. It is need- less to say in this connection that Mr. Ditten- hafer is a supporter of the party that prose- cuted to successful issue the late Civil war and which has always stood for the hest interest of American industries and the highest type of American citizenship. While active in his support of Republican principles, he is by no means intolerant in his political views nor has he ever had an)- amliition to stand for office or public distinction of any kind. Religiously he and his good wife are faithful members of the First Baptist church of Canton and as such have lived lives consistent with their professions Mr. Dittenhafer is identified with the Order of United American Mechanics, in which he has been honored with important official sta- tions. The career of Mr. Dittenhafer has been an acti\e and eventful one and throughout he has ever been true to himself and lived as nearly as possible accorduig to his high ideals of man- hood and duty. As a citizen he has been in- terested in whatever tended to the material, social and moral good of the community and in every relation with his fellow man he has discharged his obligations in that worthy and upright manner bespeaking the Christian gen- tleman. In the days that tried men's souls he proved on many bloody Ijattle fields the material of which he was made and in the quiet life of the private citizen he has earned the unbounded esteem of the good j^eople among whom he now lives. ABSALOM KITT.— The original progen- itors of the Kitt family in America were three brothers who emigrated hither from Wales in the early part of the se\enteenth century, be- ing young men at the time of their arrival in the new world, where each of them apprenticed himself at a trade. Of these the one to whom our subject traces his direct lineage located in York county, Pennsylvania, where he became an apprentice to a German, whose daughter he subsequentlv married, and from this worthy couple the line is traced directly, through the several generations, to him of whom we write. Jacob Kitt. the grandfather of the subject, was born on a farm in York county, Pennsyh-ania. and there he was reared to years of maturitv. In that county he married and after the l)irth of their first child, George, father of the sub- ject of this review, they emigrated to the wilds of the nev/ state of Ohio, the date of their ar- rival in Stark county being not definitely es- tablished, though it is certain that it was prior to the year 1806. Jacob Kitt took up a tract of one hundred and sixty acres of heavily tim- bered land in what is now Osnaburg township, this county, the place being now known as the Ake farm. L'pon coming to the state he was accompanied by three other men. and wliile they were looking over the various tracts in the land office in Steubenville. with a view of choosing locations, they noticed that a spring was indicated as exi.sting on the tract mentioned and the same discovery was simultaneously made by a stranger who was aLso seeking a location and who seemed anxious to take a hurried departure. ]\Ir. Kitt and his com- ]ianions anticipated his design, and forthwith set forth on horseback for Osnabiu'g township, and .'UM-ixed a half hour in advance of the stranger, thus securing the claim to the land desired. Many years later Grandfather Kitt went to Indiana and in Huntington county, where he purchased a farm for each of his children who cared to avail himself of the op- portunity, and it may be stated that all save tv.'o or three of the thirteen children were thus ]irovided for by their faithful and de\oted father, the others preferring to remain in Ohio. Upon taking possession of his land in Os- naburg township Jacob Kitt's first labor was to CANTON AND STARK COUNTY , OHIO. 395 erect a primitive log cabin in the midst of the forest, that his wife and son might have suit- able shelter, and it is interesting to record that his second child, Polly, was the first white child born in that township. He set himself valiantly to the work of clearing his farm, and as the years passed by the results of his labors were to be seen in the cultivated fields and the various improvements made on the place. In the early "fifties he removed to Huntington county, Indiana, to join his children, and there he passed the remainder of a signally honorable and useful life, attaining the patriarchal age of one hundred and two years and passing away secure in the esteem and veneration of all who knew him. His devoted wife preceded him into eternal rest by many years. Of their thirteen children we enter the following brief record: George was the father of the subject and of him further mention will be made ; Polly, who became the wife of Josejili Doll. died in Osnaburg township, at the age of nine- ty-two years ; Ann. the widow of Phelix Binck- ley, resides in Huntington county, Indiana, and is about ninety-three years of age at the time of this writing: Isaac, who married a Mrs. ]\Iyers. of Osnaburg township, died in Hunt- ington county. Indiana ; Sarah died when a young woman ; Jacob died in Indiana ; Rachel ; Barbara became the wife of a Mr. Sprenkel : Peter died in Indiana, leaving a family, and the same facts are true of Jesse, the next son ; Daniel went to the southwest many years ago, and there his death occurred : Eliza married ; and ]\Iatilda is the wife of David Lichtenwal- ter and resides in Indiana. George Kitt, the honored father of the subject, was born in York county. Pennsyl- vania, in the year 1800, and was a child at the time of his parents' removal to Stark county, Ohio, where he was reared to manhood, and he died in Harrison county, this state, in 1833. In Osnaburg township was solemnized his mar- riage to Miss Elizabeth Kent, a daughter of Joseph Kent, who was one of the pioneers of Harrison county, where she was born, and her death occurred in Lawrence county in 1891. After the death of her first husband she became the wife of George Graham. George Kitt de- voted his entire life to agricultural pursuits, and resided for many years in Osnaburg town- ship, later removing to Sandy township, whence he went to Harrison county, where he died, as has already been noted. He was an industrious, honorable and intelligent man. growing up un- der the conditions and environments of the pioneer epoch, and he ever held the respect of his fellow men. In politics he was a Jack- sonian Democrat, and though not identified with any religious organization had a deep reverence for the true spiritual \-erities and lived in accordance with the golden rule. His' wife was a dex'oted member of the Methodist Episcopal church. They became the parents of fi\e children, namely: Joseph, who is a resident of Texas ; Rachel, who became the wife of Samuel Gilbert, died in Harrison countv. Ohio : Absalom, subject of this sketch, was the next in order of birth : Lucina is the widow of James Low and resides in Kansas ; and Hester is the widow of Solomon Glass and is residing in Cadiz. Harrison county ; her first husband was George Low. Absalom Kitt. whose name initiates this article, was born on the parental homestead, near Mapleton. Sandy township. Stark countv. on tlie 2d of August. 1827. and he was but six years of age at the time of his father's death. His educational privileges were such as were afiforded in the little log school house of the pioneer days, and he continued his studies dur- ing the winter months until he had attained his legal majority, in the meanwhile assisting in the work of the farm. The mother had mar- ried George Graham and removed to Tuscara- was county, and there the subject remained with his mother for a time. Later he eame to live with his uncle in Harrison countv and with 396 OLD LANDMARKS liis paternal grandfather, in Osnalnirg town- ship. Soon afterward he entered upon an ap- prenticeship at the tailor's trade, under the di- rection of Nicholas Bour, of Canton, and he stion became a thoroughly skilled workman in all departments of the business. In 1849 ^^^ Ijegan his independent career in this line of en- terprise, in Cadiz, and in 1851 he established himself in business in Canton, as the first regu- lar merchant tailor of the city, which was then but a village. Here he has ever since been en- gaged in this line of enterprise, and his business grew and for more than thirty years he was the leading tailor of Canton. He has ever main- tained the highest reputation as an able busi- ness man. reliable and conscientious in all transactions and turning out the best class of work, the prestige of his establishment never having- been permitted to wane with the ad- vancing years, so that he has ever catered suc- cessfully to a discriminating patronage. In politics Mr. Kitt is a stanch adherent of the Re- publican party, and he has at all times main- tained a public-spirited attitude, taking a deep interest in all that touches the welfare of his home city. He is one of the honored and prominent members of the First Methodist Episcopal chiurch. with which he has been identified since 1846. and is a deacon in the same, having ever taken an active part in for- warding its spiritual and temporal welfare. On the 29th of August. 1849, Mr. Kitt was united in marriage to Miss Rebecca Jane Blair, who died two months later. Fourteen years afterward, in March. 1863. Air. Kitt was married to her half-sister. Airs. Lydia Patter- son, who was born in Canton township. Stark county. Ohio, being the daughter of Rev. E. C. and Susan D. Patterson. Her mother's first husband was Edward Blair. To them were born five children, namely: Howard G., who is in the employ of the wholesale house of Church & Dwight Company, of New York citv. married Miss Harriet Tones: Millard B., who is a resident of Minneapolis. Minnesota, married Miss Jarda Bergstrum and they have one son, Elias Patterson Kitt. a resident of San h'rancisco, California, who married Miss Gene- viave Brown : he is captain of one of the largest Pacific Mail Steamship Company's vessels. Mrs. Kitt died in April. 1890, an. Army of the Tennessee, and took part in the following engagements : Princeton, Wyoming Court House. Fayetteville. Cotton Hill, siege of Vicksburg. Jackson, Chattanooga, Lookout Mountain, Missionary Ridge, Resaca, Dallas. MR. AND MRS. PHILIP SONNHALTER. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 401 Kencsaw Alountain, siege of Atlanta, Jones- boro, Ezra Church, the march to the sea, siege of Savannali, campaign of the Carolinas, in- cluding the battles of Cheraw and Bentonville. The_v participated in the grand review at Wash- ington, May 24, 1865, and later did military duty in Kentuck}' and Arkansas. Mr. Sonn- halter was promoted corporal December 11, 1 86 1, for meritorious service. For two weeks after the final battle of \"icksburg he was con- fined to the hospital because of sickness, re- joining his command at Bridgeport, Alabama, He received an honorable discharge at East Point. Alabama, after which he returned to Ohio, where he resumed the peaceful pursuits of civil life, coming to Massillon. For a period of one year after leaving the army he was em- ployed by the Rhodes Coal Company, of Cleve- land, and at the expiration of that time engaged .in mining upon his own responsiliility, leasing two mines near Clinton, Summit county. He operated these with fair success during the four years following, when he disposed of his interests in the county of Summit and in 1870 came to Massillon, where for a period of one year he served as superintendent of the Craw- ford Coal Mines. Resigning his position with that company, he became superintendent of the Rhodes mines and after continuing in that capacity for three years organized, in 1874, an independent company, which he managed dur- ing parts of that and the year following. Sell- ing out his interests in this concern, Mr. Sonn- halter, in 1880, organized the Massillon Coal Company, of which he became manager and treasurer. While this mining property was be- ing developed he organized the Massillon Cen- tral Coal Company, of which he was chosen president. In due time this company became one of the largest and most successful enter- prises of the kind in eastern Ohio and much of its prosperity was. due to the straightforward business council and safe management of Mr. Sonnhalter, who devoted all of his energy and 25 splendid business abilities to its interests. In June, 1901, the Central Coal Company was sold to the Haines syndicate, under which management it is now being operated. In October, 1901, the subject purchased the Rip- ple and Goetz farms, of fifty and fifteen acres respectively, on both of which have been dis- covered large deposits of the valuable glass sand rock known as the "Pink Ornamental Rock," used extensively in the manufacture of glass, also various kinds of fine building stone in comparitavely inexhaustible quantities. Mr. Sonnhalter has already opened large quarries and supplies different contractors with the best of building stone and has erected a large plant for the production of this and used in the manufacture of bottles, window glass and various other articles. At the present time his sons, Philip J., Adam F. and Earnest H., are associated with him in business under the firm name of The Sonnhalter Sand & Stone Company, the works of which are situated just within the corporate limits of Massillon on the west on the farm he purchased, as mentioned above. Mr. Sonnhalter was married in the city of Massillon, November 15, 1864, to Miss Mary E. Eberly, a native of Alsace, who came with her parents to Stark county, Ohio, when about four years of age. This union has been blessed with seven children, namely : Mrs. Mary Heiman, of Brookfield: Cecelia, a teacher in the public schools of Stark county; Anna, at home; Philip J., educated in St. Vincent's College, Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, and now associated with his father in business ; Adam F., also a member of the Sonnhalter Sand & Stone Company ; Gertrude, still under the parental roof, and Ernest, who, with his brothers, is interested in the father's present business enterprises. As may be readily inferred from the fore- going brief outline, Mr. Sonnhalter is a man of ripe intelligence and remarkable ability, whose 402 OLD LANDMARKS enterprising spirit no difficulties can discourage and whose judgment in matters of business is seldom or never at fault. , By a strict observ- ance of the ethics of business life, in all of his dealings, he has reaped large financial gains, the world havnig used him kindly in the matter of material wealth. Aside from the capital in- vested in his business and personal property at his command, his real estate in Massillon rep- resents nearly one hundred thousand dollars, all of which has been earned by his own in- dustry. Politically he is a Democrat, though not from desire for public distinction or official gain. In religion he is a zealous Catholic, and ever since coming to Massillon he has been identified with St. Joseph's church of this city, being at this time a member of the building committee of the same. The only fraternal organization to which he belongs is Hart Post No. 134, Grand Army of the Reptiblic, in the sessions of which he is not only an inter- ested spectator but an active participant. He has served his township as trustee, sewer com- missioner and as a member of the board of hospital directors. In this connection is is fitting to refer briefly to Mr. Sonnhalter's sons, who are as- sociated with him in business and upon whose shoulders the weight and responsibilities of his various enterprises are destined ere long to rest. Philip J., the eldest of these, has al- ready demonstrated unusual abilities for one of his years and he promises at no distant day to bear an important part in the industrial affairs of Massillon. Much of the more active busi- ness of the company with which he is connected has fallen to him and thus far his steady, straightforward course has fully met the high expectations of his parents and many friends. He was married, in 1894, to Miss Minnie Schively, daughter of John and Catherine Schively. of Canton and Pittsburg, respectively, and is the father of one child, a son by the name of J. Donald. Philip J. Sonnhalter began life for himself as a railroader when twenty- one years old, first as a fireman, in which capacity he served three and one half years and during the two and a half years following he ran a freight engine on the Cleveland, Lorain & Wheeling line. Later he took charge of a passenger engine and in that responsible posi- tion continued until sevenng his connection with the road and becoming associated in busi- ness with his father. He is now secretary and treasurer of the Sonnhalter Stone & Sand Com- pany, his father being president. Adam Sonnhalter, superintendent of the Sonnhalter quarries, is also one of the rising young business men of Massillon and has al- ready shown abilities as a manager such as few possess. Shrewd and farseeing, he has been entrusted with one of the most important departments of the company and the able and satisfactory manner with which he has attended to his duties abundantly demonstrates his ability to manage worthily large interests. In the year 1900 he was united in marriage with Miss Clementine Hammer, daughter of John and Mary Hammer, of Stark county, the union resulting in the birth of a daughter, Helen. Ernest Sonnhalter, the youngest of the brothers, has charge of the engineering de- partment of the quarries. Like the two already referred to, he subordinates every other con- sideration to his business afTairs and his success thus far is proof that no important interest will ever suffer in his hands. He has a clear prac- tical mind, good judgment and his other qualities of head and heart are in keeping with the high order of these attributes. He is a fine specimen of young American manhood and that he will succeed and add luster to the family name and reputation in the future is a matter of easy phophecy to all who are cog- nizant of the excellent mental and moral fiber of his make-up. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 403 SIMON JOHNSON was born in Wash- ington township. Stark county; Ohio, on the I2th of December, 1825, being a son of Simon and Keziah (White) Johnson, of whose nine children live are Uving at the present time, namely : Eliza, who has never married and who maintains her home in Marshall county, Iowa, being eighty-three years of age at the time of this writing; White, who resides in Holt, Ne- braska, and is eighty-one years old ; Simon, Jr., who is the subject of this sketch; Rebecca, who is the widow of Oliver Logan, resides with her sister Eliza; and Mary K. is the wife of Josiah Hartzell, of Canton. The original an- cestor in America was the great-grandfather of the subject. He was a native of England, where he was reared and educated and -when he emi- grated to the United States prior to the war of the Revolution, settling in Washington county, Pennsylvania, where he reared his children. His son Caleb, grandfather of the subject, was there appointed justice of the peace by Jolin Quincy Adams, and he remained incumbent of this ofhce for fifty-four consecutive years, while he was very intiuential in public affairs in that section of the old Keystone state, where he gave his attention to agricultural pursuits, ac- cumulating a tine property. He died at the age of eighty-five years, honored by all who knew him. In politics he was a stanch advocate of the principles of the Whig party. He had four sons and three daughters, namely : Ellis, Simon, Caleb, Jr., Job, Rebecca, Emily and Susan. Rebecca died unmarried, and her two sisters married and settled in Washington coun- ty, Pennsylvania, while the four sons all came to Stark county, Ohio. Ellis Johnson came to this county in 1822 and located on a tract of land which had been entered from the gov- ernment by either himself or his father, and on a portion of this farm he later laid out the vil- lage of Mount Union, passing the remainder of his life here and being known as an upright man and influential citizen. He was a promi- nent temperance advocate in the early days and frequently delivered public lectures in behalf of the cause which lay so close to his heart. In 1824 Simon Johnson, Sr., father of the sub- ject, also came to this county and he settled a mile south and one-half mile east of the little village of Mount Union, having acquired three quarter-sections of wild and heavily timbered land prior to his removal to the county. He built his primitive log cabin and established his home in the forest wilds, and as the years passed by he succeeded in re-claiming and de- veloping his land, becoming the owner of one of the valuable farms of Washington town- ship. In 1862 he retired from the farm and took up his residence in Alliance, where he died about 1865, at the age of seventy-nine years. The Fairmount Children's Home is located on a portion of the land which he originally owned. He was a Whig in his political proclivities, but never sought the honors or emoluments of public office. He early became a member of the Christian, or Disciples, church, with which he continued to be actively identified until his death, his wife likewise being a devoted mem- ber of the same. The third of the brothers to come to Stark county was Caleb, who removed to Washington township from Pennsylvania some few years after the father of the subject had come thither. Caleb located on a quarter section of land one-half mile east of Mount Union, the track having been entered by his father. After remaining here a few years he returned to his old home in Pennsylvania, where he cared for his venerable father during the latter's declining years, while after an in- terval of about a decade he again came to Stark count)% where he passed the residue of his life, having been a Whig in politics but not prominent in public affairs in any way. Job Johnson, who was a prominent and influential member of the bar of Washington county, Pennsylvania, was the last of the four brothers to come to Stark countv. the exact date of his 404 OLD LANDMARKS arrival here being not ascertainable. He lo- cated in the vicinity of Alount Union, having secured from his father one hundred and sixty acres of land in Lexington township, where Mount Union College is now located. He was not only actively engaged in the practice of his profession but also conducted a mercantile business in Washington county, Pennsylvania, whither he returned after a few years' resi- dence in Stark county. While a resident of Stark county, he built the first house in Mount Union, in which he conducted a dry goods store. He founded the town of California, in Washington county, that state, and was a lead- ing member of the Pennsylvania bar, being a man of forceful individuality and gaining a high reputation as a public speaker, lx)th in the field of politics and that of temperance. Keziah (White) Johnson, the mother of the subject, was born in Washington count}', Pennsylvania, being one of the two children of Benjamin and Keziah White, the former of whom was a prominent clergyman of the old "hard-shell" Baptist church. He was twice elected to congress from his district, prior to the removal of the capitol to Washington, and was a man of fine ability and noble character. After the death of his wife he came to Stark county, and the closing years of his life were passed in the home of his daughter, ]Mrs. John- son. Simon Johnson, whose name initiates this ai'ticle was reared on the old homestead farm and secured his early educational training in the pioneer schools, later supplementing this by attending the ]\Ioimt Union select school for one term, under Professor O. N. Harts- horn, the founder of Mount Union College. He thereafter taught school for one term, af- ter which he continued to be identified with agricultural pursuits in his native township until his marriage, in 1851, in the autumn of which year he purchased what was known as the Simon Peiiple farm, in Knox township. Columbiana county, where he continued to re- side about eight yeai's. In 1859 he rented his farm and returned to Stark count}-, \\here he took up his residence in the city of Alliance, which was then but a village. Here he de- voted his attention for the ensuing three years to buying horses for the cavalry of the Union armies. In the meanwhile he had accumulated property in Alliance, and in 1S62 he exchanged these real-estate holdings for the old home- stead farm, to which he removed. Three years later, ho\\ever, he returned to Alliance, where he purchased his present spacious and attractive residence, on Union avenue, and this has been his home consecutively from that time. In 1866 Mr. Johnson established himself in the insurance business in Allinace, and later his son Howard was admitted to partnership. They held the agency for the Royal and the Liverpool fire insurance companies and for the Traveler's Life Insurance Company, of Hartford, Con- necticut, and the firm became one of the leading ones of the sort in the county, continuing op- erations for the long period of thirty-one years and doing a large and important underwriting btisiness. In 1887 Mr. Johnson was elected legal ad\-isor of the Alliance Water Works Company, and a1x)ut fi\e years later he was made superintendent of the works, remaining in teinire of this position uiuil 1890, when the plant was sold to the city. While residing in Kno.x township, Columbiana county, ^Ir. Jolmson was elected justice of the peace and served three years. In i860 he was elected mayor of Alliance, and later he was four times again chosen to this chief executive office, his entire term of service covering a period of more than ten years, while his being repeatedly called to the mayoralty indicates how strong has ever Ijeen his hold on the confidence and esteem of the community. His policy was ever a pro- gressive one and yet he ever aimed to con- serve true economy in the administration of the municipal government in all its departments. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 405 The water works were installed within his regime, while many other public improvements were also made. He administered the affairs of the office with mature judgment and with rigid grasp of details, and his record as mayor is one which will ever merit a place of honor on the pages of the city's history. Since com- ing to Alliance Mr. Johnson has been three times elected to the office of justice of the peace, and his third term will expire in December, 1906. He is essentially and insistently public- spirited and takes a lively interest in all that makes for the progress and material prosperity of his home city and county. In politics he has ever given an unequivocal allegiance to the Republican party, and while he was serv- ing as mayor of Alliance the late lamented President McKinley was prosecuting attorney of the county, and thus they had many business affairs in common, cementing a personal friend- ship which remained inviolate until the dis- tinguished President met his martyrdom. In 1 86 1 Air. Johnson became a member of the Chri.stian church, and he has been a zealous and consistent worker in the same, having held the various official positions in the church, of which his wife likewise is an active member. Fra- ternally he is identified with Conrad Lodge No. 271. Free and Accepted Masons. On the 3d of April, 1861, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Johnson to Miss Jane Teet- ers, who was born in Alliance, being a daugh- ter of John and Mary (Cook) Teeters, who were honored pioneers of the county. Mr. and Mrs. Johnson became the parents of five children, two of whom are deceased : Lodge M.. who died at the age of twenty-five years, and Rosetta, w-ho passed away at the age of seven. The three li\ing children are as fol- lows : J. Howard, who is a prominent insur- ance agent in the city of Cleveland; Mary K., who was for eight years superintendent of the Bell telephone exchange in .\lliance, being the only \\oman ever incumbent of such posi- tion in the state, and she is now the wife of Jesse Grimes, of Alliance; and William, who is superintendent of the Bell Telephone Com- pany's interests in Alabama and Florida, main- taiiiing his headquarters in JNIontgomery, Ala- bama. MARK HAMBLETON is a native of the Buckeye state, havnig been born in Letart Falls, Meigs county, Ohio, on the 24th of May, 1879. There he received his early edu- cational training, and in 1889, when he was ten years of age, his parents removed to the city of Columbus, Ohio, where he continued to attend the public schools until he had attained the age of sixteen years, after which he com- pleted a course of study in Lixingston's Busi- ness College, in that city. He then initiated his business career by entering the employ of a memorial supply house in the capacity of trav- eling representative, the headquarters of the establishment being in the city of Muncie, In- diana. He remained with this concern for one year and then became a collector for the in- stallment house of C. R. Parish & Company, of Columbus, Ohio, being identified with this con- cern until coming to Canton, in 1899. At the time of leaving the employ of the firm of C. R. Parish & Company, -Mr. Hambleton was in- cumbent of the responsible position of state auditor of the same, having familiarized him- self with the various departments and details of the business and having gained the confi- dence and esteem of his employers through his efficient and discriminating service. In June, 1899, in Canton, Mr. Hambleton brought about the organization of the Alark Hamble- ton Company, for the purpose of handling fur- niture on the installment plan, and in November of the following year other persons became in- terested in the concern, and an extensive busi- ness has been built up throughout this part of the state, the thorough business ability and pro- 4o6 OLD LANDMARKS gressive meiliods of tiie subject of this sketch, as combined witli liis intimate knowledge of the details of enterprises thus conducted, hav- ing been the potent factors in insuring so grat- ifying success, in ^larch, 1902, Mr. Hamble- ton purchased an interest in the business of the Southern Gum Company, manufacturers of the well known and popular brand of chewing gum known as "Try Me." Of this company he was made secretary and treasurer, as is he also of the company first mentioned, and he has gained an enviable reputation as a straightforward and enterprising yonng business man of marked executive and administrative ability. In poli- tics he gives his allegiance to the Republican party, and his religious views are in harmony with the faith of the Methodist Episcopal church, in which he was reared. In the city of Canton, on the nth of No- vember, 1 90 1. Mr. Hambleton was united in marriage to !Miss Delia Steinbaugh, daughter of George Steinbaugh, of this city, and of this union has been born one child, Nellie Doris. The first representative of the Hambleton family in America was the great-grandfather of the subject, who immigrated hither from England, taking up his residence in Pennsyl- vania in an early day. From that state Wyley Hambleton, grandfather of the sub- ject, came to Ohio with his family soon after the establishment of the old fort at Marietta, remaining at that place a short interval and then taking up his abode in the wilderness of what is now Morgan county, becoming one of the earliest settlers in that section of the state. The maiden name of his wife was Wood, she being- a representative of an old and honored Quaker family residing in the vicinity of the city of Philadelphia. Wyley Hambleton be- came a typical pioneer of the sterling sort, hav- ing been a great hunter and Indian fighter. Oscar Hambleton, father of the subject of this review, was born on the old homestead in Morgan county, Ohio, and became a cooper by occupation, and he now resides in Canton. At the time of the Ci\'il war he tendered his ser- vices in defense of the Union, enlisting as a member of the Third West Virginia Volunteer Cavalry, with which he served three years, hav- ing been aide-de-camp on the stafif of General Sheridan during the memorable Shenandoah campaign, and having- an intimate knowledge of the conditions existing at the time of that general's famous ride from a distance "forty miles away." In Meigs county, Ohio, he mar- ried Miss Lavina Sayer, and they became the parents of six children, of whom the subject was the fifth in order of birth. ISRAEL G. TOLERTON is a native of Columbiana county, Ohio, born October 4, 1838, in the city of Salem, being the son of Robert and Zilpha Tolerton. The father, a native of County Antrim, Ireland, was brought to the United States by his parents when a small boy and grew to maturity in the town of Salem, marrying there when a young man Miss Zilpha Rozell Gaskill. who bore him three children, two of whom survive, the subject of this re- view^ and Frances A., wife of A. H. Phillips, of Columbiana county. Shortly after his mar- riage Robert Tolerton settled on a farm in the alxive county and from a small beginning grad- ually pushed to the front as an energetic agri- culturist, becoming in a few years one of the largest land owners and successful real estate dealers in that section of the state. He pos- sessed unusual business capacity and in addi- tion to his agricultural and landed interests turned his attention to various other enter]5rises, becoming one of the heaviest stockholders in the Farmers National Bank of Salem, an in- stitution to which he sustained the relation of director tor a number of years and to the success of which he contributed by his in- fluence and able advice as well as by means of his financial investments. Mr. Tolerton was CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 407 not only a successful financier and shrewd, far- seeing man of affairs, but he was also a power in the politics in his part of the country, having been one of the leading Republicans of Col- umbiana county although the only one of his father's family to ally himself with that party. He manifested a lively interest in public mat- ters, was instrumental in formulating and di- recting the policy of his party in local affairs and as a leader of opinion his influence was per- haps as great, if not greater, than that of any of his compeers. Born in the society of Friends, he remained a faithful and consistent member of the same to the end of his days, his life at all times corresponding with the plain, simple teachings in which he was reared. This able, resourceful business man and excellent citizen lived a long and useful life and had passed the age of four score when called from the scenes of his earthly labors in the year 1886. He left as the most enduring monu- ment to perpetuate his memory a good name and an honorable reputation, both of which are still cherished not only by his immediate de- scendants but by the people among whom he so long associated and who profited so much by his helpful influence and material assis- tance. The early life of Israel G. Tolerton was spent under the excellent infiuences of his parents' training and after completing the com- mon branches he pursued the more advanced branches of learning for some years in the Salem Seminary, an educational institution of high repute, conducted by the Society of Friends. On attaining his majority he began his career as a teacher and after filling that line of work for three years abandoned the profes- sion for the more satisfactory and remunera- tive vocation of agriculture. In i86_^ he chose a companion and helpmate in the person of Miss Esther Koll, daughter of the late Daniel Koll. of Salem, for many years a prominent business man and influential citizen of that city. and immediately thereafter settled on a farm of one hundred and five acres in Columbiana county belonging to his father, which he cul- tivated until acquiring sufficient means to pur- chase the place. Mr. Tolerton spent twenty-four busy and successful years on this farm, during which time he not only prosecuted agriculture with encouraging results but also devoted his atten- tion largely to other means of acquiring wealth, among which were a grist-mill, a threshing machine, a cane-mill, and in addition to operat- ing these he also dealt quite extensively in real estate and all kinds of live stock, realizing from all of his undertakings liberal financial gains. Mr. Tolerton inherited his father's re- sourceful nature and capacity for business and everything to which he addressed himself seems to have prospered. In order to find a larger field for the exercise of his talents he left the farm in 1887 and moved to Alliance where he engaged in the real estate business, investing his available capital in farm lands and city property, which, increasing in value with each recurring year, soon grew into a fortune of considerable magnitude. In 1888 he purchased a half interest with C. G. Burns in an enterprise for the manufacture of building blocks, drain and sewer pipe, drain tile, etc., which business, under the firm name of Burns & Tolerton. soon took its place ann)ng the most important of the city's industries. Subsequently he turned his in- terest in the concern over to his son, the late Ed- gar R. Tolerton, and buying out his partner, Mr. Burns, conducted the business for some time under the style of Tolerton & Son. Dis- posing of the machinery, the firm made a specialty in handling coal and timber and it was while dealing in these lines that the junior mem- ber. Edgar R., died in 18Q4, his younger brother, Howard D., succeeding to his interest that year. Six years after the latter date a complete planing-mill was added to the estab- lishment, since which time the firm of Tolerton 408. OLD LANDMARKS & Son have done a large and flourishing busi- ness in that line, in addition to which they also deal extensi\eh' in all kinds of plain and fin- ished hnnher and building material, wood and coal. etc. ]\Ir. Tolerton, in 1892, took an active part in establishing the City Savings Bank of Alli- ance and upon the organization of the institu- tion he was made a member of the discount board. Subsequently, 1897, he succeeded C. C. Davidson as vice-president of the bank and this position he has since held, discharging the duties of the same in an able, business-like man- ner which implies a practical knowledge of banking and a familiarity witli financial ques- tions in' their relation to the commercial and industrial interests of the country. While es- sentially a busmess man, and as such easily the peer of any of his c^jntemporaries, Mr. Tol- erton has always exhibited a commendal^le pul)- lic spirit and a pardonable pride in everything relating to the material prosperity, social im- provement and moral and intellectual advance- ment of the city of his residence. Mr. and Mrs. Tolerton are the parents of six children, only three of whom are living, namely: Rose, wife of J- C. Northend, of Canton; Howard D., his father's business partner, and Martha J., who is the wife of S. A. Kinsey, of the firm of Walse & Kinsey, shoe dealers. Mr. Tolerton is a birth-right member of the Society of Friends, but of recent years he has attended the Disciple church of Alli- ance. With him religion is largely a matter of conscience and to li\e according to one's best light and do as he would be done by, is his best and most comprehensive creed. HORACE G. McDowell was born on the farm where he now resides. September 7, 1853. His father was James McDowell, born September 9. 1809. in Cinnberland county. Pennsylvania, and his mother's maiden name was Elizabeth Hildenbrand, born in what is now Jackson township, then Plain township, Stark county, Ohio, in 1812. They were mar- ried in April. 1836, in Stark county, and im- mediately settled upon the farm where the sub- ject now resides. She died in Noveml)er,i868, and he in February, 1900, on tlie same farm whereon they settled at the time of their niar- riag^e, he being at the time of his death in his eighty-first year. They were the parents of eight children, viz.: Henry, deceased; Mar- garet, wife of Hiram \V. Firestone, both now deceased; James K., a farmer of Jackson town- ship; Adam C. cashier of the Farmers' Bank at Canton; Thomas C. was the leading spirit in the organization of the Farmers' Bank of Canton in 1874, but is now deceased ; Elizabeth, deceased; Horace G., the subject of this sketch, and Sarah, deceased. Upon the farm whereon he was born and where he now resides Horace G. McDowell was reared. His life was devoid of other interest than that which fills up the measure of boyhood life g^enerally on the farm. He attended the common schools and the knowledge and infor- mation which he secured through them speak well for his intelligence, industry and assiduity. In 1874 he began teaching school in his native township, but followed that calling only two winters. Even as a boy he was deeply inter- ested in the work of the farm and the raising of stock and having aljandoned the calling of an instructor, applied himself more closely to agricultural pursuits. Li 1885 he became act- ing cashier of the Farmers' Bank of Canton and served in that capacity for two years and on the death of his brother, Thomas C he was elected cashier and a member of the Iward of directors. For five years he performed the duties of that position, when, becoming weary of the confinement, responsibility and nervous strain which financial positions always entail, he sold his interest and resigned his position CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 409 in the bank, and since then he has given his entire attention to agricuUural pursuits. On April 14, 1887, Horace G. McDowell was united in marriage to Miss Huber, a native of Plain township, bom April 22, 1868. She was a lady of intelligence, refinement, good education and many accomplishments, the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Ulrich Huber, who were among the oldest settlers of the county. To Mr. and Mrs. McDowell four children ha\e been lx)rn, viz. : James H., Thomas C, Beulah M. and Horace G.. Jr- During his lifetime, James McDowell, father of the subject, was an extensive breeder and feeder of stock of all kinds, but for many years made a specialty of sheep. A flock of the famous Dickinson Spanish Merino sheep was raised by him which was of such excellent quality that a national register was established for it in 1894, it being mainly through the ef- forts of the subject that the register was se- cured. His farm consists of six hundred and forty acres, improved to the highest degree and supplied with every necessary appliance which modern invention has produced. The buildings are all that could be desired for a farm so large, well stocked and amply equipped. Few residences in the smaller cities of the state are as handsome, well finished and richly furnished as is the splendid home upon the McDowell farm. The barn for such a farm must necessarily be large, but it is in tlie arrangement, ventilation, pro- visions made to promote cleanliness and the convenience of every detail that this substantial structure which adorns this farm excells. After viewing the premises one cannot but commend the judgment of Mr. Mc- Dowell in escaping from behind the bank counter and taking up the life of the agricultur- ist. He always keeps a flock of from five hun- dred to one thousand head of sheep of the breed referred to above, and also breeds on an extensive scaie polled Jersey and Shorthorn cattle and standard-bred Percheron draft and trotting horses. Of every head of stock upon the farm the owner is justly proud. In politics, up to 1888, Mr. McDowell affili- ated with the Democratic party and took a very active part in pulilic affairs. That year de- termined him to become a Republican and each successive year since then has still more firmly welded him to that party. He identifies himself with no religious denomination, but commends the good in every religious creed and devotes a snug sum each year out of his income to charitable and religious purposes. For many years he has been a member of the Grange, but has never joined any other fra- ternal order. He is secretary of th« Dickinson Merino Sheep Record Company, vice-president of the Farmers' Bank of Canton and has been a member of the board of directors of the bank for several years. As his career indicates, he is a student not only of letters and of men, but of life in every form, particularly in the animal kingdom. Personally he is genial and kind, approachable and hospitable, one of those suc- cessful men in whom inordinate vanity has not been engendered because of the splendid ap- plication they have made of the gifts which nature bestowed upon them. In his case the opportunity to succeed may not have sought the man, but most certainly the man sought and took advantage of the opportunity. He has been on the board of education of Plain town- ship for eight years, and it at present president of the board. D. E. ROGERS.—The spirit of a pure, noble and earnest life burned in the mortal tenement of the late D. E. Rogers, than whom no more able young attorney was ever engaged in practice at the bar of Stark county, and when he was called from the scene of life's labors in the very flower of his manhood all who had known him or of him felt that the 410 OLD LANDMARKS ways of Providence was indeed inscrutable, while in his home city of Alliance there was manifest an almost uniform sense of personal bereavement. In this publication no better tribute can perhaps be paid than that which appeared, at the time of his death, in the col- umns of the Alliance Daily Review of January Id, 1903, his death having occurred on the pre- ceding day. " 'Death loves a shining mark,' and Thurs- day evening, at fifteen minutes past seven o'clock, came the inexorable summons to D. E. Rogers, one of tlie most brilliant attorneys who e\er practiced in Alliance. On Saturday, De- cember 27, Mr. Rogers was suddenly bereft of reason while attending the hearing of an equity case in Youngstovvn. He was. brought to his home in Alliance and given every possible care. His trouble could not be accurately diagnosed, but all of his friends were of the opinion that he was suffering from overwork. He was kept here a few days and then sent to a private sanitarium at Cuyahoga Falls for treatment. Here the specialists decided that he was suffer- ing from anemia of the brain, the nerve cells of the brain not receiving adequate nourishment from the blood and thus causing" the collapse. Tiie specialist gave slight hope of his ultimate recovery, and on Thursday afternoon he began to sink, and a few hours later he died, with his faithful and heartbroken wife by his side. His death was not unexpected, but its announce- ment was met with universal regret. As a man J\Ir. Rogers stood high in the estimation of his fellows. Bold and fearless in the advocacy of his convictions, he stood out from the common run of men as one who acted on principle from principle. He was a public speaker of ability and a politician of power. As an ora- tor few men of his age could surpass him. and as a logical thinker he took rank among the highest. His early education was of the com- mon school order, but from the time of his graduation he was an indefatigable student, in- terested in scientific and theoretic subjects to an unusual degree, and it is possii)le that his early demise is due m some measure to his pro- clivity for reading heavy literature. Poring over such authors as Darwin and Huxley and works on psychological subject robbed him of many a night's rest, until at last nature cried out in distress, snapi)ing the golden cord of life. He is survived by his wife and one son, Floyd, aged eleven years.'" In its editorial columns of the same issue the Review spoke in part as follows : "In the death of D. E. Rogers Alliance loses a man of the highest moral worth — one whose daily life was an ispiration to all who are trying to lead Chrisrian lives. Of the firmest belief in the teachings of the lowly Nazarene, he ever lab- ored to bring others to repentance, that they also might receive the promised reward of a life well and truly spent. Of unquestioned ability, integrity and worth, he received at the hands of his fellowmen just recogition in busi- ness and social affairs. He was a leader among men. 'His life was gentle, and the elements so mixed in him that nature might stand up and say to all the world. "This was a man !" ' " D. E. Rogers was born in Randolph. Portage county, Ohio, on the i6th of May, 1 868, being the son of Volney and ^lary E. (Perkins) Rogers, both of whom were natives of Ohio. He was strong in his convictions and permitted no compromise Avith conscience in thought, word or deed, but lie understood the wellsprings of human sentiment and action and was thus ever tolerant in his judgment of others. After availing himself of such educational ad- vantages as were afforded in the public schools of his nati\e town Mr. Rogers entered the com- mercial department of the Normal University at .\da, Hardin county, where he was gradu- ated as a member of the class of 1886. He had previously been associated with his father in the stock business, in which connection he gained valuable experience, while he early manifested CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 411 that self-reliant spirit and self-control Avhich later gained him so distinctive prestige. After leaving school he began reading law in the office of John H. Dussel, of Ravenna, and in October, 1890, upon examination, he was duly admitted to the bar of the state. He be- gan the practice of his profession in company with his former preceptor, and later, in 1893, entered into partnership with Sheldon F. Hanselman, of Ravenna. Upon the forma- tion of this partnership he went to Alliance, where he opened an office, under the firm name of Hanselman & Rogers, his partner still re- maining in Ravenna, and this alliance continued about three years, at the expiration of which time the partnership was dissolved, Mr. Rog- ers thereafter continuing the office in his own name. In March, 1898, William L. Hart was ad- mitted to partnership, and thereafter the firm was known as Rogers & Hart until the death of its senior member. Mr. Rogers was elected to the office of city solicitor of Alliance in 1898 and served consecutively until the spring of igo2. In this exacting position he distinguished himself by his remarkable knowledge of munic- ipal law. Of his labors in this connection the Alliance Review gives the following apprecia- tive estimate : "He performed the duties of the office as he saw them, and that without fear or favor, and he was especially zealous in his efforts to prevent the illegal or ill-advised ex- penditure of the city's funds. In doing this he was frequently brought into controversy with the entire council. He never flinched, however, and maintained his position against all odds. When he was elected solicitor the city was en- gaged in litigation in nearly all courts, and when he retired there was not a case on any docket. His wise and conservative rulings not only secured the settlement of suits but also averted many which might have been started." In politics Mr. Rogers was a stalwart sup- porter of the Republican party, and he did much efl:'ective work in behalf of the party cause, in which line his services as a public speaker on the issues of the day were in fre- quent requisition. Fraternally he was identi- fied with Conrad Lodge No. 271, Free and Ac- cepted Masons; Lone Rock Lodge No. 23, Knights of Pythias; the Junior Order of United American Mechanics; and the Alliance Camp No. 4688, Modern Woodmen of Ameri- ca. In these social organizations his genial personality made him most popular, as did it in all the relations and walks of life, while he in- variably commanded the respect of all with whom he came in contact, no matter how con- flicting their views on various subjects. His was a fine and well balanced mentality and his erudition was broad and comprehensive, as the result of constant study and research. The tribute from which we have previously quoted continues as follows : "He was in con- stant demand as a public speaker, owing to hfs great ability as an orator and his high standing as a scholar. Rarely a week passed that he did not have a call from some source to deliver a lecture on biblical subjects. He also delivered many lectures in the interest of the Anti-Saloon League, which represented a movement with which his well known principles naturally allied him. In his church work he was constant and earnest, following the tithing plan in his sup- port of the church, that is, diverting one-tenth of his income to religious work." He was for nearly five years superintendent of the Sunday school of the First Methodist Episcopal church, with which he identified himself upon coming to Alliance, and he retired from this office to accept a position as teacher of the largest class of young ladies in the school, continuing as their instructor until the time of his final illness. On the 2 1 St of December, 1890, Mr. Rogers was united in marriage to Miss Florence M. York, who was lx)rn and reared in Randolph, Portage county, being, a daughter of John B. 412 OLD LANDMARKS and Margaret (Clock) York, of that place. To Mr. and Mrs. Rogers one son was born, Floyd Alfred, born April 12, 1892. SAMUEL SELL was born in the midst of the primitive forest of Osnaburg township, this county, on the 14th of January, 182 1, the home in which he was born having been a rude cabin of round logs, with clapboard doors fitted with wooden hinges and the customary latch string of the pioneer tlays. His father, David Sell, was a millwright by trade, and as there were two others of exactly the same name he was customarily referred to as David Sell the millwright. He was bom in Adams county, Pennsylvania, in 1789. and was there reared to manhood, learning the trades of millwright and cabinetmaker. He first came to Ohio in the year 1809, and for a time lived in the home c^f Da\iil Bachtel, in Canton township, this county. He then returned to Peimsylvania. where he remamed until 181 1, when, in com- pany witli his three brothers, he again came to Stark county, all settling on wild land east of Canton, which was then a straggling village in the midst of the virgin forest. In 18 14 there came to the county, from a point near Reading, Berks county, Pennsylvania, Lewis Moon and his family, and at a neighborhood flax-pulling it was the privilege of the father of our subject to form the acquaintance of Miss Elizabeth Moon, a daughter of the pioneer mentioned, and the outcome was that this acquaintance ripened into mutual affection and regard, and soon the community witnessetl the marriage of the two young folks, who began their married life in the woods of Osnaburg township, where Mr. Sell had secured a small tract of land, upon which no impro\-ements had been made. He erected the first mill in that section of the coimty, and there passed the remainder of his life, his death occurring in 1835. while there- after his widow and sons remained on the farm, which they developed and improved. Both he and his wife were devoted members of the Ger- man Reformed church, and in politics he was a stanch advocate of the principles of the Dem- ocratic party. He was a man of fine mental gifts, having lieen well educated in both Eng- lish and German, and he was honored by all who knew him, while his influence was ever exerted in behalf of the advancement of the community along all mora! and legitimate lines. His wife was summoned into eternal rest at the age of seventy-seven years, her death having occurred on the old homestead. Of their eight children we enter the following data : Chris- tina married Samuel Shultz and is now de- ceased; Samuel, subject of this sketch, was the next in order of birth ; John, who is now eighty- one years of age, still resides in Osnaburg township; Catherine is the wife of John Shef- fer, of Louisville, this cnunty ; David died in the prime of manhaotl ; Lewis died in April, 1903; Daniel died in his seventy-fourth year; Elizabeth died in childhood; and Jacob is a resident of Wayne corn. and was but fourteen years of age at the time of his father's death, and upon him and his elder brother fell the greater portion of the responsibility of carrying on the farm work from th.it time. His scholastic training was limited to an attendance in the primitive log school-house of the locality, where he pursued his studies during the three-months winter terms for eight years, but thereafter his ambi- tion and appreciation led him to individually continue his application at home, where he often studied after the day's work until one or two o'clock in the morning. When but ten years of age he began to assist in the work of clearing and otherwise improving the home- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 413 stead farm, and later he was employed at in- tervals on neighboring farms. On the 25th of January, 1849, Air. Sell was united in marriage to Miss Catherine Reed, daughter of Jacob Reed, commonly known as Captain Reed, who came to Stark county from Berks county, Pennsylvania, in 1840. He was a fine marksman with the rifle, as was also the subject, and they par- ticipated in many contests to determine their respective skill. Mr. Sell was known as an enthusiastic and successful hunter in his day, and brought down much game, which was then plentiful. It is a matter of record that he killed twenty-one 'squirrels in twenty-two shots, and in the various contests in the county, where hogs, turkeys and other such trophies were of- fered as prizes for the best markmanship, he won many such rewards. After his marriage Mr. Sell located on one- half of the old homestead farm, which included one hundred and sixty acres, and he cleared and improved his portion, becoming one of the successful farmers of the locality and there continued to reside for the long period of thirty-three years, having disposed of the prop- erty m 1882, while he had taken up his resi- dence in his present home in Canton the pre- ceding year, and here he has since lived retired. In politics he is a stalwart Republican, and while living on the farm he served for many years as township trustee, being held in the highest regard in the community and having the confidence of all who knew him. He is a member of the German Reformed church, as was also his cherished and devoted wife, who remained his companion and helpmate for near- ly a half century, being summoned into eternal rest on the loth of March, 1893, her gentle and noble womanhood having endeared her to a wide circle of friends. Of her six children four survive: Mary A., who is the wife of Daniel Tice, of Osnaburg township; Sarah A., whore- mains with her father; Ellen, who is the wife of John Byler, of Nimishillen township, this county; and Wallace, who resides with his father. Oliver died at the age of thirty-eight years and Emeline at the age of twenty. JOHN A. SCHELLHASE.— Among the worth}^ and honored citizens of Canton who have fought their way to success through in- dividual effort is Mr. Schellhase, who conducts a large and prosperous business as a maiui- facturer of and dealer in wagons, buggies, car- riages and spring wagons, while he also makes a specialty of wagon and carriage smithing, horseshoeing and general repairing in wood and iron, his well-equipped shop being located at 114-116 Commerce street. When Mr. Schell- hase came to Canton, in 1874, his capitalistic resources were represented in the sum of about seven and one-half dollars, and within the quarter of a century which has elapsed he has gained precedence as one of the progressive and influential business men of the county and is in control of an enterprise which gives him a place in the representative industrial circles of the city of Canton. Upon locating in Can- ton, Mr. Schellhase rented a small room and started a modest shop in the handling of all kinds of repairs upon vehicles. This shop was located on East Fourth street, was sixteen by twenty feet in dimensions and had previously been known as the Joshua (jibbs plow shop. There he continued operations until 1877, and within the intervening time he had saved enough money to enable him to make the purchase of a city lot, a partial payment lieing- made on the same. In 1876 he erected a residence on this lot, at 1 014 Washington avenue, this lieing at that time considered a practical suburban sec- tion of the city, but few houses having been erected on the street, and our subject recalls the fact that at the time he took up his abode in his new domicile the view from the same through to North street was entirelv unob- 414 OLD LANDMARKS stracted by bniklmu-s. In 1877 he closed his wagon sliup and accepted a position in the wood-working department of the shops of the C. Aultman Company, mannfactnrers of agri- cultural machinery, and thereafter he contin- ued in the employ of this concern for a period of eleven years. In 1888 he entered the employ of the Banner Manufacturing Company, but shortly afterward he was prevailed upon to again establish himself in an independent busi- ness and to lease, frx3m Henry Bierwirth, Jr., a portion of the ground on which his present shop is located. His cash capital aggregated only one hundred and twenty-hve dollars at the time, but he was reinforced by a thorough knowledge of his trade, being a skilled work- man, antl l)v an indomitable energy and that self-reliance of which success is the natural concomitant. On his leased land he erected a small frame building, having in \'iew' the plan that if his \enture did not succeed accord- ing to his expectations, he could remove the building to anothen location and convert the s'ame into a dwelling. His first year's business proved most gratifying, and instead of trans- forming his shop into a residence he found it practically imperative to make an addition to the same in order to properly accommodate his increasing Inisiness. At this time he effected the purciiase of one-half of the ground now owned and utilized, and erected a two-story building, thirty-eight 1)_\' thirty-two feet in di- mensions, \\hile he here established a painting and trimming de])artment to his enterprise, which had formerly consisted only of iron and wood work. Later he purcliased his present blacksmith shop, which was originally a one- story liuilding, the second story having been added by him to meet the demands placed upon the business, and his ])resent plant has an ag- gregate frontage of eighty feet, on Commerce street, with a depth of forty feet, while the buildings are all two stories in height and of substantial order. In the blacksmith shop Mr. Schellhase employs one jnan who devotes his entire attention to wagon and carriage smith- ing, and another whose time is given to horse- shc^ieing. while during the major portion of the \ear the corps of employes numbers about se\en skilled operatives. Mr. Schellhase still resides in the home on Washington avenue, in what is now one of the thickly settled sections of the city, marked by attractive and valuable homes, and upon his own original dwelling he has made many improvements, so that it is one of the pleasant residence properties in this divis- ion of the city. He is also the owner of two other city lots and another dwelling, which he rents, and he is known as a loyal and progres- sive citizen, taking a deep interest in all that concerns the welfare of the place in w hich he has so long made his home and in which he has attained so noteworthy success through well directed endeavor, while he commands the un- qualified esteem of all who know him. John A. Schellhase comes of stanch German lineage and is a native of the old Keystone state of the Union, ha\'ing been born in Cham- bersburg, Franklin county, Pennsxhania. on the 2 1st of July, 1852. There he attended the public schools until he had attained the age of fourteen years, when he entered upon an ap- prenticeship at the trade of wagon and carriage making, receiving his instruction tinder the di- rection of his uncle, John A. Schellhase, at Staufiferstown, a small village in his nati\e county. In 1872 he started forth as a journey- man, proceeding to Indiana in search of em- ployment, and there remaining until the tVillow- ing year. In the autumn of 1873 he returned home and there remained until the following spring, when he again set forth to seek a posi- tion, and finding nothing promising came to Canton and started his little independent busi- ness enter])rise, as has been already noted in this cc^ntext, as have also the successive stages in his business career from that time forward. In politics Mr. Schellhase is a stanch advocate CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 4>5 of the specific principles achanced by the Pro- hibition party, wliile he has also given his sup- port at times to the Labor party, being- inde- pendent of strict partisan dictates. He is a prominent and \alued member of Trinity Re- formed clnnxdi, in which he is incumbent of the office of deacon, his wife likewise being a de- voted member. Fraternally he is identified with the Knights and Ladies of Security, of the local organization of which he has been treasurer for the past fifteen years. Adam Schellhase, the father of the subject, was born in Hesse-Cassel, Germany, in the year 1832, and when seventeen years of age he came to the United States, settling near Chambersburg, state of Pennsylvania, where he still maintains his home. He is a wagon- maker iiy trade and was actively engaged in the work of the same for fully thirty years. His wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Ber- ger, was likewise born in Germany, in the year 1836, and both are worthy members of the Re- formed church. They became the parents of twelve children, of whom eleven are still living. In the city of Canton, on the i8th of May, 1876. was solemnized the marriage of John A. Schellhase to Miss Emma E. Riegler, who was born in Canton, being' a daughter of George and Elizalieth Riegler, and of this union ha\e been born two children, Flora, wdio remains at the parental home, and Hattie, who is the wife of C^harles Barker, of Canton. CHARLES W. KEPLINGER.— The Keplinger family in America appeaiis to have had its origin in Pennsyh-ania. in various parts o[ which state the name has been familiar from a very early day. Daniel Keplinger, the sub- ject's grandfather, a native of Lancaster coun- ty, Pennsylvania, migrated to Stark county. Ohio, prior to the year 1833 and settled on a farm in Osnaburg township, where he lived for some time as an industrious tiller of the soil. subsequently remo\-ing to the county of Craw- ford. There he became a man of considerable local note, having been elected to the oftice of sheriff, in which position he was serving his second term, when accidentally killed by being- thrown from his buggy while in the discharge of his oihcial duties. He married and had eight children, four sons and four daughters, the eldest of whom was Jacob, the father of the subject of this review. Jacob Keplinger w-as born and reared in Stark county, Ohio, grew to maturity on his father's farm and re- ceived such educational training as the common schools could impart. When a young man he engaged in railroad work and has been identi- fied with that business ever since, having spent over forty-six years in the employ of the Penn- s}-l\ania Company, din-ing the greater part of which time his residence has been at Ft. Wayne, Lidiana, where he now lives. He is one of the oldest and most experienced as well as one of the most trusted employes of that large and in- fluential system, standing high in the confidence of his superiors and dis(iharging worthily every trust reposed in him by those in authority. Jacob Keplinger married Elizabeth Carper and is the father of nine children, the subject of this sketch being the oldest of the number. Charles W. Keplinger was born September 12, 1859. in Ft. Wayne, Lidiana, and spent his childliood and }-outh in that city, acquiring a fair educational discipline in the graded schools. When a lad of fifteen he entered the eniploy of George Dewald, a prominent mer- chant of Ft. Wayne, and was soon made book- keeper of the establishment, which posititin he held with credit to himself and satisfaction to all concerned for a period of five years, when he resigned and came to Canton. Here he be- came bookkeeper in Isaac Harter & Sons' bank and after continuing in that capacity during the twelve 3-ears ensuing, was promoted cashier, which responsible position he is holding at the present time. Diu'ing the }ears of his connec- 4i6 OLD LANDMARKS tion with the bank tlie affairs of the institution have lieen most creiUtably managed and not a htlle of its popularity and success are due to the able and satisfactory manner in which he has discharged his official functions. Mr. Keplinger is an accomplished business man. famdiar with e\'ery dctad oi Ijanking. and as a financier ranks with the ablest of his com- peers. In additiiMi to his connection with tlie bank- ing business. .Mr. Keplinger is identified with several other industries, being a director in the Metropolitan r'a\ing Brick Company, a director of the Canton Artificial Ice Company, in which he also hijlds the two-fold ofiice of secretarv and treasurer, besides ha\ing large interests in the Canton I'ole and Shaft Company and the Can- ton Hard Rubber Coni[)any. His life has been a very busy one and that it has also been crowned with a large measure of success is attest eng period of twenty-one years, practically in a consecutive service. Upon selling his business building he retired from active labors and alnmt two years before his decease moved tp a farm on the then outskirts of Canton, on what is now Jackson street, in the southwestern part of the city, where he resided until liis death, in 1883. at the age of seventy-four years, lie was n mm of fine mentality and sterling integ- ritv and was honored by all who knew him. In ])olitics he was a stanch advocate of the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 419 principles of the Democratic party and his re- hgious faith was that of the Universahst church, of whicli his wife also was a devoted member. While at Roscoe, Coshocton county, was solemnized his marriage to Miss Mai'garet Speaks, who was born at Harper's Ferry, Vir- ginia. After the decease of her parents, she came to Roscoe, Coshocton county, Ohio. She died in Canton in the year 1869. Of the chil- dren of this union we enter the following brief record : Caroline died in childhood ; Eliza- beth, who became the wife of George Gibbs, died in Santa Rosa, Califormia ; Thomas B., the immediate subject of this review, was the next in order of birth; Emma died in child- hood, and Manford, who married Miss Jose- phine Muller, died in the state of Mississippi, in 1S9.3, his home having been at Bradford, Pennsylvania. Thomas B. Albert was born on East Tus- carawas street. Canton, on the 14th of August, 1837, the residence having been on the site of the present Bauhoff bakery. At the proper age he beg^an his studies in the public schools and eventually completed the course in the high school, being studious and appreciative and thus fully availing himself of the advantages thus afforded him. As a boy he began to assist in his father's hat factory, and became familiar with all details of the business, having perfected himself in the practical work of the trade by his services at irregular intervals. About 1857, when twenty years of age, he initiated his inde- pendent business career by opening a hat store in a building on the west side of the Public Square, \vhere he conducted a successful enter- prise for two years, at the expiration of which he disposed of the business and went to the city of (New York, where he became manager of the fur department in the wholesale establishment of Justice, Coller & Company. This firm be- came iiisdKcnt about six months later and Mr. Albert then engaged with the house of Nichols, Burtnett & Company, manufactures of ladies' furs, at 51 Maiden Lane, continuing in the em- ploy of this concern until the autumn of 1865, when he became associated with others in the establishing a hat factory and store, under the firm name of Wheaton, Albert & Company, the factory being located in the city of Newark, New Jersey, which has e\er been a center for this line of industry, while the New York store of the concern was located at the corner of Broome and Mercer streets. In 1869, owing to his impaired health, Mr. Albert disposed of his interests in this business, and in 1870 he came again to Ohio and opened three retail stores for the handling of hats and general lines of men's furnishings, while merchant tailoring was also made a department of each, the estab- lishments being located respectively in Canton, Akron and Youngstown. Mr. Albert returned to the national metropolis, where he remained as purchasing agent for the three stores. In 1879 he disposed of the establishments and in the following year returned to Canton, and here, in 1886, he engaged in the real-estate business, opening an ofifice over the Sollman drug store. Later he became associatel with Charles W. Strohn in the purchase of the Rex property at the corner of Rex and East Tus- carav.'as street, and to that location he removed his ofifice in 1890, and in April of the year 1901, having disposed of the Rex street property, he established himself in his present quarters, in the Folwell buildii^, ha\'ing built up a large and representative busi- ness, many desirable investments being at all times recorded in his lists, while he is known as an excellent judge of realty values and as a man upon whose judgment, fidelity and in- violable integrity absolute dependence may be placed, so that success has come to him with popular appreciation and approval. Though never an aspirant for political preferment he has ever accorded a stanch allegiance to the 420 OLD LANDMARKS Democratic party, taking an active and in- telligent interest in the questions and issues of the hour. in the city of (.."anton, on the 9th of I'ebru- ary, 1876, Air. Albert was united in marriage to Miss Mary G. Renick, who died October 25th of the .same }ear. On the 12th of October, 1889. he wedded Miss Edith M. Spicer, who was born in New York City, and who is a rep- resentative of fine old Knickerbocker stock in the state of New York, while many of her an- cestors and collateral relatives have attained distinction in public and civic life. Her pater- nal grandfather, General Peter W. Spicer, was a midshipman in the navy during the war of 1S12, and he died in Springfield, Illinois, whither he had been sent on a private commis- siim by President -Jack-son, and during his last illness he was nursed b_\' Mrs. Herndon, mother of Richard Herndon. well known as the law partner of President Lincoln in the early days of his professional career in Illinois. The wife of General Spicer was a daughter of General John Meade, who won distinction as an officer in the war of the Revolution, while he was also one of the eminent public men of the state of Connecticut. The original ancestors of the Spicer family in America were two brothers who emigrated hither, from Holland in the early colonial epoch. Commodore William F. Spicer, of the United States navy, was an uncle of Mrs. Albert. She is a daughter of John W. and Ellen (Mansfield) Spicer, both of whom were born in New York city, where Mr. Spicer was engaged in mercantile pursuits during the greater portion of his active and distinctively successful business career. He served with gal- lantry as first lieutenant in the Seventh New York Volunteer Infantry during the war of the Rebellion. Mrs. Albert is a woman of gracious presence and distinctive refinement and the family home is a center of marked hospitality. Mr. and Mrs. Albert have four children, name- ly : Margaret Mansfield, Edith Spicer, Rudi Benton and Nellie Randolph, all of whom re- main at the parental home. REV. JACOB D. WYANDT comes of stanch German extraction in the agnatic line, the family having been founded in the state of Pennsylvania in the colonial epoch of our national history. He was born on a farm in Sugar Creek township, Stark county, Ohio, on the 1 8th of October, 1859, being a son of David and Mary (Fribley) Wyandt. His father was born on the farm on which is located the present thriving village of Wilmot, in Sugar Creek township, in the year 1820, being a son of Henry Wyandt, who emigrated from Penn- sylvania to this county in the early pioneer days, as did also his brother Christian W., and on the land which they here secured was later established the village mentioned, while both passed the remainder of their lives in this town- ship, being numbered among the influential men in the pioneer settlement. Henry Wyandt married Miss Elizabeth W'arner, who was a first cousin of William Henry Harrison, and she likewise died in the village of W'ilmot. having been a true type of the noble women who played so important a part in the early settlement of this section of the state. The maternal grandparents of the subject were Abraham and Hester Fribley. both of whom were Ijuni in Pennsylvania, whence they came to Stark county and became numbered among the very first settlers in old Bethlehem town- ship, and Mr. Fribley had the distinction of being the first blacksmith in Stark county. In 1824 he settled on a farm of eighty acres, and about the first coal mined in the county was taken out by him. on this farm, where his death occurred about 1850, while his wife survived him bv about six vears. J. D. WYANDT. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 421 David Wyandt, the father of the subject, was reared to the sturdy discipHne of the pioneer farmstead, while he made the most of the advantages afforded in the primitive school of the locahty and period. He was one of a family of thirteen children, and of the number only two are living at the present time. He became one of the pioneers of Henry county, where he engaged in farming and assisted in clearing the timber from the sites of the present flounshmg towns of Napoleon and Florida, and while he was first established in his primi- tive log'-cabin home his nearest neighbor was three miles distant. Wild game was plentiful, and he had a high local reputation as a hunter, being an excellent shot and by means of his trusty rifle he furnished much of the provender for the family table. He remained in Henry count)- until 1854, when he returned to Sugar Creek township, Stark county, passing his de- clining days on the farm now owned by the subject. He passed away in 1861, at the age of forty-two years, and his wife survived him by more than a quarter of a century, being summoned into eternal rest on the 12th of July, 1894, at which time she had attained the vener- able age of seventy-five years.' She was a consistent and devoted member of the United Brethren church, and in this faith carefully reared her six children, concerning whom brief mention is as follows : Daniel F. enlisted as a member of Company K, One Hundred and Sixth-third Regiment of Ohio Volunteer Infantry, at the outbreak of the Civil war, and met his death while in the service of his coun- try: Hester died in 1873. ^t the age of twenty- nine years; Elizabeth resides in Sugar Creek township; Rebecca A., who became the wife of Abram Kanaga, died in 1897; Annetta is the wife of Henry P. Fisher, of Sugar Creek town- ship; and Jacob D. is the immediate subject of this review. Jacob D. Wyandt was reared to maturity on the farm upon which he now maintains his home, and while he attended the district school in his boyhood, it may be consistently said that he is self-educated, having applied himself with marked zeal and devotion to study of a wide range of subjects. His theological studies were conducted most carefully and conscientiously and he was able to pass the required exami- nations before the church authorities and was duly ordained to the ministry of the United Brethren church, of which he has been a de- voted member from his fourteenth year, the in- trinsic spirituality of his nature having led him to early become most appreciative of the verities of the Christian religion and to make it his dominant aim in life to follow as closely as possible, and with due humility and utmost reverence, in the footsteps of the lowly Xazaf- ene. Mr. Wyandt has been presiding elder of the Canton district of East Ohio conference of the church a number of years and his minister- ial labors have been earnest and devoted and have been fruitful in goodly results. He re- sides on his finely improved farm in Sugar Creek township, and divides his attention be- tween supervising the same and attending to his official duties in the church, while he exer- cises his pastoral function in such a way as to be helpful to all who come within the sphere of his influence. He has always been a Prohi- bitionist in his political proclivities, having been the first person to become identified with this party in Sugar Creek township, while it is largely through his efi:orts that the local con- tingent has been so notably augmented in mem- bership. He has never sought the honors or emoluments of public office, but has taken a deep interest in all that concerns the general welfare, while he has been active in promoting the best possible educational facilities in his home community, having served for many years as a member of the school board and be- ing now incumbent of this office. On the 9th of April, 1884, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Wyandt to Miss Regena 422 OLD LANDMARKS Ruegsegger. who was born in Holmes county, Ohio, a daughter of Fredrick Ruegsegger, an honored pioneer citizen of that section of the state, and the four children of this union are still living, namely: Efiie R., Daniel D., Mary Pleasant and Muriel Isabel. In conclusion it seems fitting to enter a few statements of a somewhat recapitulatory na- ture. Mr. Wyandt was but two years of age at the time of his father's death, and the prob- lem which faced the family was a serious one, when its head factor was thus removed, for his mother was left with an indebtedness of two thousand five hundred dollars, besides the responsibility of providing for her children. The subject, though a mere boy, took upon him- self the burden thus imposed and assumed the management of the home farm, and by the time he was twenty-four years of age had succeeded in wiping out the indebtedness and clearing the property of all encumbrances. In the same year he entered the active work of the ministry, his first pastoral charge having been in the vil- lage of IMagnolia, this county, where he re- mained four years, doing most efYective service, and he was then assigned to a pastorate at New Rumley, Harrison county, and three years later he assumed charge of the church at Canal Fulton, Stark county, while later he was estab- lished at Beach City for two years, for a similar period at North Lawrence, and in the Navarre circuit for three years, at the expiration of which he was elected to his present ofifice of presiding elder, in which he is now entering \ipon his fourth year of service. The name which he bears has been indissolubly linked with the history of the nation from the early colonial days, and it may be said that his great- grandfather, Cornelius Wyandt. went forth from Maryland as an officer in the naval arm of the Continental service during the war of the Revolution, and met his death at sea while thus laboring valiantly for the cause of inde- pendence. WILLIAM H. MORGAN.— On other pages of this work appears a memoir of Thomas R. Morgan. .Sr.. the father of the subject of this sketcli and the honored founder of the ]\lorgan Engineering Company, of Alliance, one of the greatest industrial concerns in the L'nifm. In the article mentioned is given an outline of the history of the company as well as of the family genealog}-, and therefore we sliall not recapitulate in the present connectinn, since ready reference may be made to the re- sume already entered. Colonel W. H. Morgan is serving as aid-de-camp on the personal staff of Governor Nash, of Ohio, being appointed to that office in 1901, has been the president of the Morgan Engineering Company from the time of his father's death, in 1897, and as one of the representative citizens of Alliance and one who has well upborne the prestige of an hon(5red name it is fitting that he Ije accorded personal recogtiition in this publication. '\Vi!liam H. Morgan was born at Pittston, Luzerne county, Pennsylvania, on the ist of June, 1865, and he was but six years of age at the time when his parents took up their resi- dence in .Mliance, Ohio, with whose grow'th and magnificent industrial development the family name was destined to be so conspicuous- ly and honorably linked. In this city he has I)assed the major portion of his life, and here he has made a record that redounds to his credit and to his precedence as a far-sighted and en- ergetic business man, while, as may be inferred, he has had to do with aftairs of wide scope and importance in the industrial world. After com- pleting the curriculum of the pul)lic schools he entered Mount Union College, where he secured the greater portion of his subsequent literary education. Another writer has outlined his fur- ther career in the following language: "But it is not the delving into classics which has dis- tinguished Colonel Morgan, for early in life he showed a tendency to interest himself in those things which had formed the most important CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 423 factors in the life of his father, whose whole mind was devoted to mechanics. As a young man Colonel Morgan took a place in his father's shop, and there he began the development of his excellent talents as an electrician. Up through the different steps of advancement did the young mechanic climb until he became the head of the immense factory's drafting department, having complete charge of the designing for the great plant which had alread}^ gained an envied position among the manufacturing institutions of the country. Branching out into the field ot electricity, he developed, by study and ex- perimentation, several most important inxen- tions, which gave him a place among well known authorities and inventors. Over one hundred patents have been taken out on inven- tions perfected by Colonel Morgan, among them an electric controller, which instantly pro\'ed its value and which is now in general use in all parts of the world where electricity is generated for mechanical purposes. Several inventions bear his name, among them the Mor- gan controller, the Morgan-Gordon disappear- ing gun-carriage, mortar carriage and electric crane. "Not only did Colonel Morgan de\elop wonderful mechanical ability but he also s'nowed as he advanced that he possessed execu- tive talents of high order. He w'as on this ac- count, in 1894, made vice-president of his fa- ther's corporation, known as the Morgan En- gineering Company. Three years later the en- tire management of the company was placed in his hands. Scarcely six months after his as- suming control his father suddenly passed away, and despite this loss of the head coun- selor in the great establishment, through his son, the plans he had laid have been carried on without interruption. At the time of his fa- tiier's death Colonel Morgan was made presi- dent of the company, and under his direction it has advanced until it is now the largest of all corporations in its line. The interests of the company are closely identified with those of the government, as its plant is constantly employed in furnishing the government with some of its most important supplies. Of such great im- portance was the safety of the property of the Morgan Engineering Company to the govern- ment that during the war with Spain the works at Alliance, then busily engaged in filling gov- ernment contracts, received a special guaid for the protection of the plant, a company of sol- diers being detailed for this purpose. Colonel Morgan can be safely mentioned as one of Ohio's brilliant citizens who has brought into the state the threads of an extensive commercial relation, while in the perfection of his com- pany's product the city has gained fame abroad. "By such men as these the honors which a commonwealth has to bestow are richl}' de- served, and in Colonel Morgan's case his com- mission as a colonel in the Ohio National Guard is luidoubtedly only a predecessor of other honors yet to come. He is a director of the First National Bank and the City Savings Bank, a trustee of Mount Union College, and has served six years as a member of the city council, during five of which he was president of that body. He has always taken a great in- terest in the progress and welfate of the fire department and in all else that tends for munici- pal development and progress." Mr. Morgan is a Republican in politics, be- longs to the Masonic order and is also a mem- lier of the Knights of Pvtiiias and the Elks. THOMAS R. MORGAN, SR.— None can doubt that the late Thomas R. Morgan, in- ventor, engineer and founder of the Morgan Engineering Company, of Alliance, Ohio, was a man who accomplished a great work, while his life was one of exalted integrity and honor. The men of deeds are the men whom the world delights to honor, and among those who ha\'e stood as distinguished types of the world's 424 OLD LANDMARKS \\orkers and as veritable captains of industry, introducing" new eras of thougiit by inventions of great utility, no une is more worthy of men- tion than is the subject of this memoir. An outline of his career is succinctly given in the following excerpt from a recent local publi- cation : Thomas R. JNIorgaii, Sr., was born March 31, 1S34, at Pen.vdarren, Merthyr Tydvil, Glamorganshire, Wales. He was the youngest of a family of six children, and at the age of eight years he commenced work in a coal mine, first as door boy and later as teamster with his father, who was a coal mining contractor. At the age of eleven years he met with a serious accident in the mine, the result being the loss of his left leg below the knee. After his recovery from the accident he was sent to school for three years, his teacher being Talie- sen Williams, of Merthyr Tydvil, the father of Edward Williams and the former president of the Iron and Steel Institute in Great Britain. At the age of four- teen Mr. ?ilorgan left school and thereafter served an apprenticeship of five years in the machine shop of the Penydarren Iron Works. He next accepted a position at the Dowlais Iron Works, then the most extensive concern of the sort in the world, where he continued to be employed for several years. He also worked in Cardiff, and for five years was in charge of the lead- ing machine shop in Llanelly, Carmarthenshire, Wales, and he made for himself an enviable reputation as a skilled mechanic. Deeply imbued with a love of liberty and possessing a strong desire to become a citizen of the United States, he left a good position, contrary to the advice of his friends, and came to this country in 1865, arriv- ing in April of that year, in company with his family. He located at Pittston, Pennsylvania, and secured em- ployment in the Lackawanna & Bloomsburg railroad shops, where he remained for a short time. Next ho accepted a position with the Cambria Iron Company at Johnstown, Pennsylvania, where he received the high- est pay of all machinists in the shops. He was there- after employed in various shops until 1868, having been superintendent of the Allegheny Valley railroad shops, the Atlas Iron Works and Smith & Porter's machine shops, all of Pittsburg. In 1868 Mr. Morgan laid the foundation for the present magnificent enterprise in Alliance by engaging in business for himself in the manufacture of steam hammers and other special ma- chinery in Pittsbiirg. In August, 1871, he removed his business to Alliance, Ohio, under the firm name of Marchand & Morgan. This firm continued until 1877, when Mr. Marchand retired and was succeeded by Silas J. Williams, the firm name becoming Morgan, Williams & Co. In 188.4 this firm was dissolved and the Morgan Engineering Company was organized and incorporated, Mr. Morgan being the principal owner. The products of this great manufactory are mostly of Mr. Morgan's own design and construction and are largely covered by patents. This immense plant is known in nearly all parts of the civilized world and is a lasting monument to its founder. The articles manufactured by the con- cern are mainly specialties, many of them being new productions, to meet the demands of an ever-varying trade. Some ot the machines are steam hammers, punching and shearing machines, steam, hydraulic, elec- tric, pneumatic and power machinery for government, railway, iron, steel and engineering work; gun and mor- tar carriages; electric traveling cranes; locomotive, gantry, jib and derrick cranes; hydraulic presses for forging and other purposes ; bending, flanging and riv- eting machines; charging machines; ingot extractors; feed tables ; electric controllers for series-wound mo- tors; hydraulic valves, and special machinery for the quick handling of material for Bessemer and open- hearth furnaces, etc. Mr. Morgan was a member of the American Insti- tute of Mechanical Engineers, the American Institute of Mining Engineers, the Iron and Steel Institute and the Society of Mechanical Engineers of Great Britain. He was one of the city's most energetic and enterpris- ing citizens and did all in his power for its advance- ment. He was a member of the city council, president of the City Savings Bank, president of the board of trade, vice-president of the Mutual Electric Light and Power Company, trustee of the Alliance Building Com- pany and a member of the board of trustees of Mount Union College, here located. Mr. Morgan was instru- mental in organizing the Solid Steel Casting conipapv, which subsequently became the parent concern in the combination known as the American Steel Casting Com- pany. He was president of the Solid Steel Casting Company until 1S89, when he disposed of his interest in this concern to J. K. Bole, of Cleveland. Thomas R. Morgan, Sr.'s indomitable energy was undoubtedly the most potent agent not only in the up- building of the great works which perpetuate his name, but also in the betterment, advancement, prosperity and welfare of the city of Alliance. Andrew Carnegie said of him upon hearing of his demise : "Our country loses one of her foremost men of affairs." Mr. Morgan died September 6, iSg7, in Alliance, beloved, respected and uniformly lamented. The Morgan Engineering Company's shops have been the nucleus for a number of like establishments. Boys who received their training in this institution have now become men and hold responsible positions in some of the leading works in the country, which speaks well for this company. The Morgan concern is the leading institution of its kind in the country, and its products CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 42s are scattered all over the world. The policy of the con- cern, past and present, is to lead and never to follow. White he was employed in tlie Do\vlai.s Ifoii \\'orks. Wales, Mr. Morgan borecl the cylinder and did most of the machine work for the mechanism utilized in operating the converter used by Sir Henry Bessemer in his tirst experi- ments on Bessemer steel, at Dowlais. He took a deep interest in the welfare of his employes. Having been a practical workman himself, he was well able to sympathize with the aims, am- bitions and feelings of those in his emplov. had not his temperamental endowment been of itself sufficient to cause this. He took special pride in their being able to command good wages and to have neat and comfortable homes, while to the accomplishment of these results he con- tributed more than was generally known, for in his manifold acts of kindness and in his bene- factions and charities he was unassuming, hav- ing great repugnance to notoriety of any de- scription. He was a public-spirited citizen, and everything for the advancement and develop- ment of his city had his early and hearty sup- port as a contributor, investor and worker. He was particularly active in securing the establish- ment of the water-works system, the sanitary sewer system, the gas and electric plants, proper street paving and other municipal improve- ments, while he was a supporter of financial in- stitutions as projected to meet the demands of the growing community and was a warm friend of the public schools and the cause of higher education. He became thoroughly American in his ideas and methods, and greater loyalty to our national institutions no man could have shown. He once said to a friend that he was a good republican before he came to America, and that he advocated republicanism before he had experienced its beneficent influences. In this connection it is interesting to revert to the fact that Mr. Morgan arrived in the L'uited States on April 15, 1865, the morning follow- ing the assassination of President Lincoln. He often related to his intimate friends how deeply he was moved when his boat lay at anchor and he discovered the flags at half-mast and sable draperies in evidence on every side, while the news of the assassination soon reached the ship. As he heard of the dastardly crime which ended the life of a strong and noble man he burst into tears, and standing at the rail of the ship was not ashamed of the emotion which thus agitated him, so deeply was he affected by the news he had received. Although not active i:i politics when he first came to this country, Mr. Morgan was for years identified with the Republican party, being a close student of the issues and questions of the day, and bringing to bear his mature judgment and vigorous intellectual powers in forming his opinions, which were invariably well fortified. He eventually became one of the ardent workers in the ranks of his party, while he long since became a warm personal friend and stanch admirer of the late lamented President McKinley, taking a great interest in all of the latter's campaigns for congress, for governor and later for the higher honors which crowned his life. That the feeling of respect and high esteem was reciporcated can not lietter be shown than by quoting the words uttered by President McKinley in a speech delivered from his special train which passed through Alliance on the 1st of November, 1897, only a short time after the death of Mr. Morgan. He said : "Fellow Citizens, Ladies and Gentlemen : I thank you sincerely for this demonstration. 1 will never be able to look into the faces of an Alliance audience again without thinking of that tried and true friend of mine, your friend and fellow citizen of Alliance, Thomas R. Mor- gan, Sr. A man so noble, with so much integ- rity and charity, let us all try to emulate the example set before us by him. I mourned with vou in your loss, my loss, the city's, county's, state's and country's loss, and had not public business pressed me to return to Washington I 426 OLD LANDMARKS would have been in Alliance to pay tribute to his memory. I shall ah\a}s remember him as one of the stanchest and best friends I had. Such friends can not be replaced. If ever a man deser\ed an immortal crown Thomas R. Morgan, Sr., deserved one.'' These are strong words, and when we realize how perfect a judge of men was the lamented President and how impossible were equivocation and dissimulation to him. we need say nothing more as indicating the character of the subject of this memoir. The above tribute from the President is placed on the merworial tablet and bronze relief un- veiled at the works of the ^lorgan Engineering Company October 28, 1899, while on the other end of said tablet, after giving the dates of birth and death of -Mr. ]\Iorgan, appear these words : '"He was an indefatigable worker and one who had the courage of his convictions. He was an example of what in this great coun- try may be attained by honesty, skill, energy and perseverance. He died in the midst of his family, beloved, respected and universally la- mented. Tn two weeks after his demise his be- loved wife was laid beside him. After a com- panionship on this earth of over forty years, God, in his great wisdom and mercy, deemed it best to reunite them in the great beyond." The remains of both rest in a beautiful mausoleum in the .\lliance cemetery, and the entabliture bears this inscription : "Erected to the memory of Father and Mother, who on the rough fron- tier of human progress toiled and suffered and died that their children and cominunitv might inherit the benefit." Mr. Morgan had no desire for official preferment of any order, and though often im- portuned to serve his city in an official capacity he consented to serve but a single term as a member of the council, after which he requested his party and friends Id relieve him from farther duties of the sort. Tn 1892 he was nominated bv the Republicans of the "eighteenth district for representative in congress, and he made the campaign against Dr. Ikert, of East Liverpool, but in the universal landslide which that year resulted in the election of Grover Cleveland to tlie presidency. ^Ir. Morgan was carried to de- feat with the remainder of the party ticket. He accepted the situation most gracefully, his de- votion to the party cause remaining unshaken. On 'Sir. Morgan's removal to Alliance he gave emitloyment to about twenty mechanics, and from the infant intlustry of which this statement stands significant has been Iniilt up the magnificent industrial concern of the pres- ent day, the same affording employment to about one thousand men. The great hammer, of eighty-ton capacity, used in the Midvale Steel Works, at Nicetown, Philadelphia, Penn- sylvania, was manufactured in his shops and the same weighs nine hundred tons. There is hardly a large steel-rolling mill or a factory in the Union in which heavy machinery is used that products of the Morgan shops are not found. Mr. Morgan was a pioneer in the man- ufacture of hydraulic machinery in the United States, and his concern has supplied all the ship and navy yards in this country with work of this description. He was the first to construct electric traveling cranes, and of these the Mor- gan shops have built more than a thousand for the work shops of the United States. In the different plants of the Carnegie Steel Ccimpany alone there are sixty-eight great traNcling cranes designed and built by Mr. Morg^an. Two traveling cranes of one hundred and fifty tons capacity were designed and erected for the gov- ernment and placed in the navy yard at Wash- ington and in Watervliet arsenal. Among other heavv machines built by him are more than fifty steam plate-shears, with knives from sixtv to one hundred and forty-four inches long. These are utilized to cut steel plates into re- quired tlimensions and will thus cut plates up to two inches in thickness when the same are cold. These machines weigh from seventy-five to two hundred tons each. One hydraulic shear with CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 427 a capacity of thirty-five hundred tons, the larg- est ever constructed, was built in tlie ^Morgan works, and the same has slieared steel blooms forty-two inches wide and twenty-three inches thick, and that with ease. The first automatic gun-carriage for firing around a complete circle was ijuilt in the Morgan works, and is known as the Gordon-Morgan disappearing gun-car- riage, the same weighing about three hundred tons. Within the last three years of his life Mr. Morgan built three of these gun-carriages for the government. It was genius not talent that invented the steam hammer, the mammoth shears and the traveling crane, and how much of Mr. Morgan's soul was put into these titanic mechanical de\ices'we can not conjecture, but certainly enough to etch his name on the death- less roster of the greatest mechanical engineers of the nineteenth century. Mr. Morgan had the capacity of winning and retaining friends, and his own loyalty never wavered. He counted among his personal friends such men as William McKinley, John Sherman, William R. Day, now a member of the supreme court of the United States ; Asa Bushnell, governor of Ohio; Senator Marcus A. Hanna: Andrew Carnegie; and B. F. Jones, ex-chairman of the national Republican committee, besides hosts of others prominent in public and civic life. At the time of his death the family recei\'ed cablegrams, telegrams and letters of condolence from statesmen and men of aftairs from almost every part of the civilized world. His was a noble and prolific life, and it signalized the truth of the words, "The bravest are the tenderest ; the loving are the daring." Mr. Morgan was united in marriage at Merthyr Tydvil. Wales, July 4. 1856, to Miss Elizabeth Nicholas, of Glan y Cym, near Llandovery, Wales, and to this iniion were born ten children: John R., Thomas R., Mar- garet, ^^■i!liam H.. Edwin, Arthur and four that died in infancy. Mr. Morgan and wife were both members of the W^elsh Congrega- tional church, and fraternally he was a mem- ber of the Odd Fellows and Knights of Pythias. REV. CHARLES NEWTON CHURCH. — The subject of this sketch is a representative of an old New England family that settled in Connecticut many years prior to the war for independence and the name Church has long been a familiar one in that and other eastern states. Tracing his genealogy, it is learned that his great-grandfather, Ebenezer Church, was born and reared in Connecticut and that he spent all of his life in that commonwealth as a tiller of the soil. Among the children of the above Ebenezer was a son by the name of Na- thaniel, who was also a native of Connecticut and a physician by profession. He married a Miss Wheeler, of his state, and appears to have been a man of wide intelligence and high social standing and to a considerable extent a moulder of opinion in his community. For some years he ^vas attached to the American army in the capacity of physician and surgeon and later followed agricultural pursuits in connection with the practice of his profession. A number of years ago Nathaniel Church moyed his famih' to Ashtabula county, Ohio, where he purchased a farm, a part of which is now included in the corporate limits of Geneva, the place being still known as the old Church Llill farm. He spent the rest of his life on this place and died at a good old age; his wife also lived to be quite old and entered into rest about the year 1863. Nathaniel Church reared a family of three sons and three daughters, among the former being Nathan Ebenezer Church, who was born on Bedloe Island, New York, September 16. 1829. At the time of his son's birth Dr. Church was stationed with his regiment on Bedloe's Isl- and, his family residing temporarily at that and other places, when his duty took him. Nathan 428 OLD LANDMARKS E. Church receixed liis prehminary education in his native state and after the family moved to Ohio he attended for several years the graded schools of Geneva. He was reared to agricul- tural pursuits and, when a young man, married Miss Susan Pierce, whose birth occurred in Oberlin, Ohio, on the i6th of March, 1829. Mrs. (Hiurch was educated in the public schools of lier native town and Oberlin College, taught for a number of years in Geneva and it was while thus engaged that she met the gentleman who afterwards became her husband. She was also an accomplished musician and taught the art in connection with her work in the public schools. After his marriage Nathan ¥.. Church mo\ed to the old homestead in the vicinity of Geneva and there followed farming until 1869, when he sold his place and went to Tennessee, settling near the town of McMinnville. He purchased a fine estate not far from that place, erected a beautiful residence with the intention of spending the remainder of his life in the south, but not being satisfied he disposed of his farm in 1871 and returned to Ohio, locating- at Akron where one of his brothers, a prominent and infiuential man of that part of the state, was then living. He entered the employ of Aultman & Miller, one of the largest manufac- turing firms of the above city, and continued with the companv for a number of vears. finallv retiring from acti\e life. Mr. Church is a man of much intellectual force, and his integrity is as unbending as his religious faith, though he is ever charitable in his judgment of others and ready to extend symijathy and aid to his fel- low man. In > early life he united with the Methodist Episcopal church and- has ever re- mained a zealous and, ; devout' disciplnrie of" the Nazarene, making his dailyhfe andnoonver.sa- tion correspond with .his religious' :fftith. Of Mrs. Church much in the way of praise may be said. She was a superior woman intellectnaHy and her beautiful Christian clraractei'impressfe^l all with whom she came in contact. She neg- lected not the higher duty of rearing her chil- * dren in the nurture and admonition of the Lord | and in after years enjoyed the satisfaction of seeing the seed of truth and virtue which she I implanted in their young minds and hearts bear rich fruitage in strongly developed Chris- tian characters. She was a fluent writer and frequently gave expression to her feelings in poetry which elicited high praise for elegance of diction and beauty of thought. She also wrote much for the papers and many of her articles were widely copied and favorably com- mented upon by competent literary critics. Nathan E. and Susan Church were the parents of four cb.ildren, namely: Adella T., wife of F. O. Payne, of Glencoe, New York ; Frank E. , of Akron, this state; Charles Newton, of this review ; and Willner Elroy, of Brooklyn, New York, who is a salesman for a large wholesale house of New York City. Charles Newton Church was born on the old Church Hill farm, near Geneva, Ashtabula county, Ohio, November 15, 1862, and was signally favored in his early surroundings. Having the care and attention of intelligent, loving Christian parents, it was natural that his life should be directed into a proper channel and that the influence of such a home as his should have a tendency to mould his character for good. At the age of six he entered the schools of his native town and after attending there one year, his studies were continued at McMinnville, Tennessee, to which place his parents remo\'ed when he was about se\-en years of age. His first teacher in the latter place was his own mother, who for some time had charg:c of a private school, and later he attended the first public school organized in the city of Mc- Minnville. Owing to his northern birth he was obliged to contend against much prejudice, and to .say the least his educational experience under the new regime in the south was anything but satisfactory. The teachers were illy qualified for the positions they held and the majority of CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 429 the pupils, being restive under restraint, were so skillful in playing tricks and practical jokes and withall so neglectful of their studies that it is a question whether the schools resulted in good or the opposite. When Mr. Church's parents moved to Akron he entered the schools of that city and made rapid progress in his work, graduating from the high school in 1881 at the age of eighteen. The training thus re- ceived was afterwards supplemented by a full course at Buchtel College, in which he pursued his studies four years and from which he was graduated with an honorable record in 1885. Mr. Church's nature was essentially stu- dious and somewhat contemplative and he early decided that there was laid open before him the field of greatest usefulness in the ministry of the church. Looking to the "mark of his high calling," he joined, in September, 1885, the East Ohio conference and began his labors as a preacher of the gospel by taking charge of the church at Adamsville, Muskingum county, where he exercised the duties of his holy office for one year and from there he was sent to Hampden, Geauga county, for one year. Ac- tuated by a laudable desire for more thorough intellectual and professional tr,aining, he en- tered, in the fall of 1887, Drew Theological Seminary, Madison, New Jersey, where he took the regular three-years course, graduating with the class of 1890. During his senior year, he served as president of the "Seminary Club." The following year he took a post-graduate course in church history and while there served as pastor of the Stanley Congregational church of Chatham, New Jersey. In the fall of 1891 he was appointed to the charge at Bedford, Ohio, where he labored with acceptance and success for a period of four years. During the succeeding four years he served the Scoville Avenue church in the city of Cleveland and at the expiration of that time was appointed pastor of Simpson Methodist church at Canton, enter- ing upon his duties with this charge in Septem- ber, 1899. To say that Rev. Church's pastoral labors in this city were successful but feebly expresses the character of his work and its results in the community, its widely reaching influences be- ing incalculable. Within the little over three years of his pastorate the membership had largely increased and the work has taken a much more healthful tone .than formerly, while the average congregation is much greater nu- merically than at any other period in the history of the organization. In September, 1902, Bish- op Warren appointed him as pastor of the First Methodist Episcopal church of Alliance, which charge he at present holds and which church is considered one of the best in the East Ohio con- ference. As a speaker Rev. Church is forcible and eloquent and his every utterance rings with the sincerity of his honest conviction. His carefvilly disciplined mind, ripe scholarship, profound theological training, keen perception and lively sympathy, together with his mastery of the art of public discourse, make him a power in his chosen field of labor. Wherever he has gone his work has been greatly blessed and with God's grace sustaining him he hopefully looks forward to still larger results in the field to which he has been called. On the 14th of August, 1900, while prose- cuting his theological studies, Rev. Church was united in marriage to Miss Nellie May Hous- eum, of Clinton, Ohio, daughter of Henry A. Houseum, and immediately thereafter took up his residence in Chatham. New Jersey, where lie preached the remainder of that year. Rev. and !Mrs. Church ha\e four children, whose names and dates of birth are as follows; Mar- garet D., July 14, 1891 : Burnette, November 17, 1S92; Murill Francis, February 18, 1895, and Doris, who was born on the 13th of De- cember, 1898. 430 OLD LANDMARKS ALBERl' B. RIKER, A. M., D. D., presi- dent of Mt. Union College, is descended from an old Pennsylvania family whose representatives were among the earliest pioneers of southern Ohio, his grandfather, Samuel Riker, having migrated to what is now Hamilton county shortly after that part of the state was opened for settlement. On his way to his new home in the west Samuel Riker passed through Cincin- nati, at that time a mere backwoods hamlet, and while in tlie village he was offered one hundred acres of land, now in the very heart of the city, for five hundred dollars, but he did not for a minute consider the proposition favorably. He entered land in Hamilton county, cleared and improved two good farms near the town of Montgomery and died many years ago where he originally settled. Among his chil- dren was a son by the name of Samuel C, whose birth occurred in the above county in • the vear 1819. He was reared to agricultural pursuits, acquired a good education for the times and when a young man served an appren- ticeship at saddlery and harnessmaking. Fin- ishing his trade, he opened a shop in Montgom- ery, but after a business career of eight years duration he closed his establishment for the pur- pose of entering the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Riker began the active work of the ministry when thirty years old and devoted his time exclusively to the preaching of the word until his sixty-seventh year when he moved to a farm near the city of Columbus, where he spent the evening of his life in com- fortable and honorable retirement, dying De- cember 14. 1893, at the age of seventy-four. He was married to Amanda S. Cochran. Four children were born to them, of whom the sub- ject of this sketch is the only living representa- tive. The mother died on August 3, 1899. Dr. A. B. Riker was born October 19, 1852, in I'rnnklin county. Ohio, and spent his child- hood and youth in the town of New Albany, where his parents were then living. Trained to habits of industry, he early learned by prac- tical experience the meaning of honest toil and 1 with this as a stimulus he grew up with well defined plans as to his future course of action. After finishing the common school course he entered, at the age of seventeen, the Ohio Wes- ' ieyan University and while attending that in- stitution his financial condition was such that he was obliged to spend his vacations in teach- ing and working on the farm to earn means with which to pay his tuition and other ex- penses. He made a creditable record as a stu- dent, was graduated with the class of 1879 and in the fall of the same year united with the Ohio conference of the. Methodist Episcopal church. Dr. Riker's first charge was at Worthing- ton, where he spent two years, and during the ensuing three years he served as pastor of a church in the city of Columbus, his labors in both places being fruitful in spiritual results as well as greatly beneficial in a material way. From Columlnis he went to Athens, where he labored' three years with a large measure of success, and at the expiration of that time was transferred to the Holston conference, Ten- nessee, and given charge of the first Methodist Episcopal church in the city of Chattanooga. During his pastorate of four years in that city he built up the congregation numerically and by his earnest and able preaching and untiring eftorts in personal work succeeded in awaken- ing a deep and abiding interest in the church. In the fall of 1891 Dr. Riker was trans- ferred from Holston to the West Virginia con- ference and became pastor of the Fourth Street church in the city of Wheeling, where he la- bored with great acceptance for a period of five years. He was then stationed at Charleston and after a successful pastorate of tw'O years duration there, he was called to the presidenc\- of Mt. Union College, which high and resjxin- sible position he has since held. Dr. Riker's ministerial career is replete with CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 431 duty ably and conscientiously performed, nor is it without the honor which a man of his ripe scholarship and deep spirituality would natur- ally bring to ser\-ice so nolile and dignitied. By close stud}', wide reading and experience he continually added to his ability as a sound, forc- ible, logical and eloquent preacher and estab- lished his reputation as a faithful and untiring- pastor, whose enei"g}- succumbed to no obstacle however formidable and whose optimism noth- ing could dim or discourage. Thus far his record as an educator and executor of the in- stitu.tion with which he is connected has fully met the high expectations of the official man- agement, patrons and students and of his num- erous friends as well, and being in the very prime of his usefulness, thoroughly educated and endowed with force of character, it is safe- ly predicted that he will rise to still greater eminence and exert a more potent influence than heretofore upon educational interests of the state. The degree of Doctor of Divinity was conferred upon him by the Ohio University located at Athens, at the commencement follow- ing the close of his pastorate in that city, with- out petition and without his knowdedge. Dr. Riker, in 1881, contracted a matri- monial alliance with Miss Mary E. Davis, of Dublin, Ohio, daughter of Charles Davis, a prominent farmer and stock raiser living near that town, the issue of the union being four children, Charles R. and S. Clark, students of Mt. Union College, and Olive and Marie, who are still pursuing their studies in the puljlic schools. Politically the Doctor is independent, yet he has broad and deep views upon the lead- ing questions of the day, national and inter- national, and is thoroughly familiar with the history of parties and the principles upon w hich they are founded. He exercises his judgment in the matter of the elective franchise and gives his support to the candidates who are intellect- ually and morally best qualified for the posi- tions to which they aspire. Fraternally he is a member of the Masonic order, belonging to Magnolia Lodge No. 20 at Columbus. JOHN G. YOST was born in Canton, on the 26th of October, 1845, and was here reared to maturity, having received his education in the common schools of the day. In 1862, when but sixteen years of age, he enlisted as a drummer in Company B, One Hundred and Fifteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with which he served until victory crowned the Union arms, having ever been found at the post of duty and being ready to lead into the thickest of the fray as occasion demanded, his regi- ment being attached to the Army of the Ten- nessee and participating- in many of the im- portant battles of the great fratricidal conflict. After the close of the war Mr. Yost re- turned to his home in Canton, whence he soon afterward went to Oberlin College, this state, where he completed a course in the commercial department. He then returned to his home city and became bookkeeper in the George D. Harter Bank, with which well-known financial insti- tution he continued to be identified as a trusted and efficient employe for the long- period of fifteen years, being teller of the same at the time of his death, which occin-red on the nth of April, 1 88 1. He was a man of genial nature and utmost courtesy and kindness, and his cir- cle of friends in this county was exceptionally wide, while he was true and loyal in all the relations of life and was valued as a citizen. In politics he gave an unqualified support to the Republican party, taking a lively interest in public affairs and the issues of the day, and his religious faith was that of the German Lutheran church. He was a member of Mc- Kinley Post No. 25, Grand Army of the Re- public, and was one of its most honored com- 432 OLD LANDMARKS rades, while for many years he also was a drummer in the G. A. R. band. On the 7th of October, 1869, Mr. Yost was united in marriage to Miss Lavinia E. Barber, who was born and reared in Canton, the place of her nativity having been the family, home near the present city hall, on North Cleveland avenue. Her father, William Bar- ber, was born in the state of Virginia, on the i6th of January, 1814, and when he was a child his parents removed to Stark county, locating on a farm a short distance south of Canton and becoming well known pioneers of the county. Philip Yost, father of the subject of this memoir, was born in the pro\ince of Alsace, France, now a portion of the German empire, and came thence to America when a young man, locating in Buffalo, New York, where he married Miss Caroline Myrtle, a native of Ger- many. From New York state they came to Can- ton, here passing the remainder of their lives, while the parents of Mrs. Yost also died here, her mother's maiden name having been Fred- erica Haut. Mrs. Yost survives her honored husband, as do also their three children, Philip, who is first lieutenant of Company D, of the Regular Coast Artillery of the federal army, being stationed in Port Caswell, North Caro- lina, and John G. and Emma, who remain at the old home with their mother. Mr. Yost was a man of excellent business ability, being a fine accountant, and his death was deeply felt by those with whom he had been so long and close- ly associated in business, while in the home, whose associations were of the most ideal character, his memory remains as a benediction and as a measure of consolation for seemingly unmitigated loss and bereavement. REV. FREDERICK STRASSNER.— The subject of this review is an honorable rep- resentative of the large and influential German element that has had much to do in shaping our industrial growth and giving character and sta- bility to man)' other callings, not the least being u the holy ministry, in which may be found many I learned divines who were born in the Father- t land. Charles A. C. Strassner, father of the subject, was a native of Bremen and by occu- pation was a merchant tailor. He ran quite a large establishment in Bremen and many of his manufactured goods were exported to the United States, where they had an extensive sale. He spent all of his life in the land of his nativity, dying about 1855, at the age of eighty- four years. His father was also a merchant tailor and departed this life in the city of Brem- en when about fifty-eight years old. The maiden name of the subject's mother was Mary Coelmn. She was the second wife of Charles A. C. Strassner and bore him eight children, there having been seven children of the pre- vious marriage. Of this large family all re- mained in Germany except two brothers and one sister, namely: Christian, who died some years ago in St. Louis, Missouri; Mrs. Hannah Gehle, who now resides in that city, and the subject. Re\-. Frederick Strassner was born Febru- ary 22. 1 83 1, in Bremen, at that time one of the five independent cities of Germany, and un- til the age of fifteen he attended the parochial schools under the auspices of the German Re- formed church. On quitting school he took up the study of architecture and frescoe paint- ing and after acquiring a practical knowledge of each, decided to find a field for the exercise of his talents in America, where a brother and sister were already living. Accordingly, in 1849. ^vhen but seventeen years of age, he started on the long journey to what he consid- ered the land of opportunities, taking passage at Bremen on a sailing vessel, which was at sea about sixty days before reaching New Or- leans, its destination. From that city he made the trip to St. Louis on a Mississippi river steamer and there joined his relations, who had REV. F. STRASSNER. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 433 been anxiously awaiting' liis arri\al. His broth- er-in-law. Air. Gehle, being engageil in work similar in many respects to his own, gave him employment at remunerati\'e wages and during the succeeding nine months the young man was ke])t (|uite busy owing to the demand for skilled artisans in St. Louis. Before Mr. Strassner had been in this ccmntry a year the terrible ^Cl>urge of cholera broke out in the cities along the Mississippi, Ijeing especially violent in St. Louis, where at times as high as two hundred deaths occurred in one day. Determined if possible to escape the disease, young Strass- ner ded the plague-stricken city, taking a ves- sel which in due time landed -him in Cincinnati, where he also had friends and relatives living. Before coming to America Mr. Strassner had no knowledge whatever of the English language and, realizing how \'aluable it would be to him, took lessons while on the way over, from the steward of the vessel, who, being an irishman, spoke the tongue with a most pro- imunced Hibernian brogue. The subject inade good progress while en route and when he met his sister in St. Louis and accosted her in what he supposed to be fair English, she at first took him for a son of Erin and for some time could hardly l)elieve him a German, much less her brother. He landed in the L'nited States poor in purse, but rich in the elements of sturdy young manhood, which in the end never fail of winning success. In Cincinnati he took up car- ])eniry and worked at the trade in that city dur- ing the five years following, earning good wag- es, which he husbanded with the greatest care. \\hile there he formed the acquaintance of Rev. Herman Rust, a well known minister of the Reformed church, afterwards a professor in Heidelberg Theological Seminary, between whom and himself a very warm friendship soon sprung up. At the solicitation of Mr. Rust, who was not long in recognizing the young- man's ability and religious zeal, Mr. Strassner became an assistant in church, missionary and 27 Sunday school work and soon developed great efficiency in these lines of religi.ous endeavor. Convinced that it was his duty to enter the Christian ministr)-, but being without sutificient means to take the theological course required by the church, he accepted a position with the American Tract Society and for a period of nine months traxelled o\-er \-arious parts of the country distributing literature of that organi- zation and doing much personal religious work among the people with whom he came in con- tact. This proved a very valuable experience in many w-ays, as it gave him confidence in himself, besides imparting a practical knowl- edge of the world such as he could not have received in any other way. Resigning his po- sition with the Tract Society, Mr. Strassner entered Franklin Marshall College, Lancaster. Pennsylvania, where he prosecuted his literary studies for three years and then began the study of theology in the seminary at Mercersburg. Completing the prescribed course in the latter institution, he became assistant to Rev. George Wolfe, pastor of the Reformed church at Para- dise, Northumberland county, Pennsylvania. Owing to the ill health of Rev. Wolfe the bur- den of preaching fell to the assistant during the first nine months of his connection with the church and it was while thus engaged that the young divine received his license from the Sus- quehanna classis, the document bearing the date of 1858. At the conclusion of his labors at the above place Air. Strassner became pastor of the congregation at \Vilkesbarre, Pennsyl- vania, w^here he labored with great acceptance for a period of five years, during which time he preached in both the English and German tongaies and was instrumental in accomplish- ing much good in the service of God and hu- manity. His next field of later was in the vi- cinity of Tiffin and Berwick, Seneca county, Ohio, moving to the latter place in 1861 and preaching to the church there and to three con- gregations in the county for about three years. 434 OLD LANDMARKS At the expiration of that period he took up the work at Lancaster, where existed at that time a peculiar and unfortunate state of affairs grow- ing out of tiie pohtical partisanship of those days. Owing to the bitter feehng between the RepubHcan adherents of Abraham Lincohi and the Democrats under the leadership of Clement L. Vallandigham, the local congre- gation was divided and a spirit of animosity engendered wiiich for a time threatened to ter- minate in the disruption of the congregation. It was with the laudable desire of uniting the , two factions and restoring harmony that Mr. Strassner undertook what at first appeared an almost impossible task, but which under his superior tact and generalship was successfully inaugurated at the very beginning of his la- bors. Both sides, recognizing his scholarly at- tainments and persuasive powers as a preacher, were desirous of securing his services, in view of which they unanimously accepted his propo- sition to cease further political strife and unite as formerly in harmonious relationship for ef- fective work. The times, however, were un- propitious, as party spirit ran high and the ut- . most care was required to cope with the em- ergency and restore the church to its normal condition. In less than a year this much de- sired object was consummated and, harmony being restored, the work took on new life, which continued unabated until Mr. Strassner re- signed the pastorate at the expiration of his second year with the church. He then accepted a call to Baltimore, Ohio, where he took charge of three congregations, all in a very weakened condition, materially and spiritually. Here he, perhaps, did some of his most effective work, his labors along all lines being blessed with most signal results. Many accessions were made to the different congregations, a greater spirit of devotion replaced the former condition of apathy and indifference replaced by one of life and energy, and in due time two new houses of worship were erected, one representing a cost of over nine thousand dollars. A par- sonage was also purchased and remodeled which, with the other evidences of material prosperity, bore eloquent testimony to the spirit of union which was brought about by the ef- forts of the untiring pastor, who hesitated at nothing short of the accomplishment of his purpose. After three years of most success- ful labor at Baltimore, Mr. Strassner resigned and took charge of what is known as the Boun- dary chai-ge, consisting of the churches at On'ille and Marshallville, the former a newly organized congregation whose members were exceedingly desirous of securing his services. During his labors in this important field, which extended over a period of eighteen years, Mr. Strassner greatly strengthened both churches, building a fine temple of worship at Marshall- ville and adding much to the scope and influence of the congregations in their respective com- munities. He also preached from time to time at various other points, and acquired much more than local reputation as an able preacher and faithful, devoted worker, sparing no pains to disseminate the great truths of religion among his fellow men and win souls to the higher life. After five years service the Marshallville con- gregation was given up and Orville church formed a self-supporting congregation. In 1890 Mr. Strassner accepted a call from the First Reformed church at Canton and after breaking the bread of life to the congregation for a period of six years and six months, re- signed the pastorate to take charge of the mis- sion at South Market street, entering upon his duties on the 3d of May, 1896. Services were held in the old United Brethren edifice on Charles street, but in a few months a lot on South Market street, containing a story-and-a- half house, was purchased and the building re- constructed for church purposes. Subsequent- ly a new temple of worship in keeping with the requirements of the rapidly growing congrega- tion was erected and dedicated to the service of CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 435 God, the event taking place in December, 1900. The ceremony was conducted by Revs. Meyer, of Youngstown, Henning, of Osnaburg, and Faust, of Massillon, assisted by the pastor, and the day marked an important epoch in the his- tory of one of the most important as well as one of the most successful religious movements in the city of Canton. Under Mr. Strassner's administration the mission had progressed satisfactorily in all of its departments, the building, which represents a capital of over six thousand dollars, standing as a monument to his zeal and untiring energy in the cause whicli lies so near his heart. Few preachers have accomplished as much as has Rev. Strassner, his career from the beginning presenting a series of successes in building up the kingdom of Christ seldom paralleled in the community with which he is identified. He has literally spent his time and energy in the noble work of saving men and although well ad- vanced in life, is still animated by the same zeal and enthusiasm which marked the labors of his earlier years. Strong in the faith, fearless in the denunciation of sin, persuasive and eloquent in presenting the claims of the Gospel, he has indeed been a true champion of the cross and expects to continue calling sinners to repentance until he is called by the Master to come up higher and receive the approbation, "Well done, good and faithful servant." Rev. Strassner was married at Lebanon, Pennsylvania, March 28, 1861, to Miss Mar\' G. Gleim, daughter of Joseph Gleim, of Leba- non, that state; the children of this union are as follows : Mary, wife of A. A. Sharp, now living in St. Paul, Minnesota, is the mother of three children. Mary, Blanche and Lester Sharp ; Charles F., the second in order of birth, lives in Kansas, is a married man and the father of one daughter, Josephine; Grace E., who mar- ried Daniel Frantz, of Lebanon, Pennsylvania, has three children. Edith, Frederick and Susan ; Edgar, the second son, is a resident of Canton ; his wife, formerly Miss Belle Schlabach, of this city, has borne him two daughters. Bernice and Margaret ; William, also living in Canton, mar- ried Grace Karnes ; Pearl B., wife of John Burkhart, lives in Canton, as do also Doris, Lillian and Frank J., with their parents. In his political views Rev. Strassner is inde- pendent, acknowledging allegiance to no party. The degree of Doctor of Divinity was confer- red upon Rev. Strassner by Heidelburg College about 1895. WILLIAM K. FOGG, manufacturer and financier, is a native of Mahoning county, Ohio, and whose parents, Josiah and Emmeline Fogg, were both born near Salem, New Jersey, When quite young Josiah Fogg and Emmeline Shinn were brought by their respective parents to eastern Ohio, and they grew to maturity and were married in Mahoning county, where the two families settled in an early day. Josiah Fogg was a farmer and followed his chosen calling in Berlin township, of the above county, until 1893, when he retired from active life and took up his residence in the town of Beloit. After living there until 1902 he came to Alli- ance, where he and his good wife are now spend- ing their closing years, the former having reached the ripe old age of eighty-three, the latter being his junior by one year. In early life, in addition to agriculture, Josiah Fogg dealt quite extensively in live stock and prose- cuted his business enterprises so successfully that in due time he was enabled to retire with an ample competence. He figured conspicuously in the early political history of eastern Ohio and it is a matter of 'record that he was one of the first three abolitionists in the county of Mahon- ing. Fearless in the expression of his opinions, his radical views concerning human slavery ■naturally incurred the enmity of many of his neighbors and friends. He persisted in his course, however, regardless of consequences ■ k 436 OLD LANDMARKS and iiot onlv maintained his highest convictions but by more material means assisted fugitive slaves on their way to Canada, having for years been connected with what was known as the "underground railroad.'" By birthright a mem- ber of the Society of Friends, a religious body unalterably opposed to unrequited servitude, he became a most pronounced enemy of the whole nefarious system of human bondage and dur- ing the antebellum days many poor blacks were assisted on their way to freeilom across our northern borders through his instrumen- tality. He and his good wife have always re- mained true to the plain simple faith in which they were born and reared and are still ortho- dox members of the society, upholding its prin- ciples and precepts with the tenacity of purpose that characterizes the Friends of a generation long past. Of the three children born to this excellent couple two are living at the present time, William K., the subject of this sketch, and Aaron, who resides in Pittsburg, Pennsyl- vania. The bu'tli lit William K. Fogg occurred on the 25th day of June, 1852, in Berlin township, Washington county, Ohio, and he was reared to young manhood at the paternal homestead, re- ceiving his first practical acquaintance with life as a farmer boy familiar with the varied phases of healthful outdoor work. His educational advantages were (|uite limited, as he was obliged to C{ui_t school when about fourteen years of age in order to help his father, who stood greatly in need of assistance to carry on the farm and provide for the family. ^luch of the labor fell to the subject as soon as he was strong enough to assume the responsibility, and during the years that followed his life was one of constant toil, with hut little leisure for recreation or luental miproxement. \\\\.h true filial regard he pro\ed loyal to his parents and continued to labor for them and louk after their interests until 1871, when he chose a wife and hel])meet in the person of Miss Narcissa Webb, of Mahoning county, and started in life for himself, moving the same year to Stark county and purchasing a farm alx>ut two miles south- east of Marlboro, in the township of Lexing- ton. William Fogg had no cai)ital worthy of mention at the time of his marriage and he went in debt for the entire purchase price of his farm, determined if there were any virtue in hard work and good management to clear the place of incumbrance at the earliest possible date. Animated by this laudable ambition to succeed, he bent all of his energies to the task, labored early and late and exercised the most frugal thrift as well as excellent judgment in his endeavors. After four years of strenuous effort, during which his success in e\'ery line of agriculture was most encouraging, he suc- ceeded in paying the last dollar of indebtedness on the farm, the land the meanwhile, by reason of thorough culti\ation, continuing to increase m \alue far in excess of the price he originally paid. At the expiration of the fnur years. he made another fortunate investment in real estate, purchasing what is locally known as the old Web!) farm, consisting of one hundred and si.xty acres in (lOslien township, Malmning county, to which he at t»nce removed and which he made his home during the four years follow- ing. While living on the latter place Mr. Fugg did not follow agriculture exclnsix'ely. hut in connection therewitli started a cheese factory, the first enterprise of its kind in the county of Mahoning. With no experience whatever in the manufacture of cheese, and not. being able to ppicure a ca])ahle man to take charge of his factorv, he sent to Switzerland for an experi- enced cheesemaker. who, arriving in due time, soon hail the enterprise in fine working order. The high reputation of the product created a great demand in the local markets, from which it rapidly extended to the general trafle and it was not long until the factory was taxed to its utmost capacity, and that too w itliout nearly satisfving the constant demand. The better CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 437 to liandle liis product, Air. Fogg, in tlie fall of 1883, turned his farm over to other hands and moved to Alliance, where he engaged in the wholesale cheese business, to which he devoted his attention with success and financial profit until the spring of 1902, when he sold out his establishment for the purpose of embarking in another and different enterprise. In that year he organized the Standard Bolt Manufacturing CDnipany for the manufacttu'e of all kinds of bolts, nuts, rivets, car forgings and other articles of similar character, an enterprise which proved successful from the beginning and which has steadily grciwn in favor, taking its place among the leading industries of the city and gaining for the promoters the reputation of able, far-sighted business men. Mr. Fogg, be- ing the leading spirit in the organization of the company, was made its president and treas- urer and he still hoUls that oftice. besides giving personal attention to the enterprise and render- ing valuable service in other than ofBcial ca- pacities. Prior to his removal to Alliance Mr. Fogg l>ecame interested in one of tlie city's most important financial institutions, the saving tenk, whicli he assisted to organize in 1892 and of whicti he was made president six years later, a relation he still sustains. The remarkable adxancement of the subject in the xarious enter])rises with which he has been identiheil. mark him as a man of much more than ordinary mental power and business ability and his experience as farmer, manufac- turer and financier demonstrates unusual capacity for inaugurating and pushing to suc- cessful ctimpletion large and important under- takings. He has been fortunate in all liis en- terprises, as the above record attests, and his opinions and judgment are only formed after the most careful and painstaking consideration. Mr. Fogg's first wife was the daughter of R. S. \\'el)b. formerly a well known citizen of Mahoning county, but now lix'ing a retired life in the city of Alliance. She died in 1893. lea\-- ing, besides her husband, a daughter by the name of Bertha, who at this time holds the position of assistant cashier in the City Savings Bank. In the year 1897 the subject married his present companion, formerly Miss Laura Leeters, but at the time noted Mrs. Kay, Mr. Fogg being her second husband. Politically Mr. Fogg is a Republican, but he is extremely liberal in his views and in local matters frequently votes for the man regardless of party. He has ne\er had any political aspirations, being essentially a business man with no time to devote to any thing outside his specific spheres of activity. He is also a self- made, educated man and coming from a physi- cally and mentally robust race, enjoys a strong constitution, a clear, incisive mind and a re- sourceful, powerful nature. No one in the city of Alliance bears a better reputation for sterl- ing worth, few- ha\e been as faithful and ener- getic in business and none stand hig-her in the confidence and esteem of the public. JOSEPH M. BALL came of stanch Ger- man extraction, his parents, having emigrated to .\merica and taken up their resilience in the state of Pennsylvania, where they passed the remainder of their li\es. two of their children, Joseph M. and a younger sister, having been born in this country. Joseph M. Ball was born in Butler county. Pennsylvania, on the 23th of March, 1844. and was there reared to the age of eighteen years, ha\ing recei\ed a common school education. .\t the age noted he went to the city of Pittsburg, where he servetl an ap- prenticeship at the trade of tinsmith. At the outbreak of the war of the Rebellion he went to the state of Tennessee, where he was employed in construction work for the government for a short time, and he then enlisted, at Nashville, that state, as a private in the First Kansas Light Artillery, with which he continued in active service until the close of the war. having made 43^5 OLD LANDMARKS tlie record of a loyal and valiant soldier of the republic, and ha\ing always been found at the post of duty. After victory had crowned the Union anus he received his honorable discharge at Fort Worth, Kansas. After the termination of his military career Mr. Ball came to the city of Columbus, Ohio, where he remained a few weeks and then came to Canton, in 1865. Here he established a tin shop at the corner of Mul- berry and Cherry streets, where he conducted business for a period of two years, at the expi- ration of which he erected the Ball block, at 825 South Market street, and there established himself in the grocery business, in which he successfully continued for nearly ten years, dur- ing a portion of which time he also operated a grist mill on South Court street. At the ex- piration of the time mentioned Mr. Ball dis- jjosed of his grocery and mill and purchased the Buckeye flouring mills, which he maintained at the highest standard and which he continued to operate until 1898, when he retired from active l;)usiness, and he died at his home on South Market street, on the 21st of May, 1902, honored by all who knew him. He had ever been careful and discriminating in his business affairs, and through his wise conservatism he accumulated fine properties, having been the owner of much x-aluable real estate in Canton and having at all times taken a deep interest in the progress and material prosperity of his home city. In politics Mr. Ball gave an un- swer\ing allegiance to the Democratic party and he was one of the prominent members and devoted communicants of St. John's church, Roman Catholic, as was also his devoted wife. Fraternally he manifested his abiding interest in his old comrades in arms by retaining mem- bershi]i in the Grand Army of the Republic, being identified with McKinley Post No. 25. In the city of Canton, on the 12th of May, 1868. Mr. Ball was united in marriage to Miss Lucinda Richard, who was born in this place on the 24th of March, 1848, a daughter of John and Sarah (Shanabrook) Richard, honored pioneers of the county. She received her educational training in the public and paro- chial schools of Canton, and here her entire life was passed, her demise occurring on the 14th of May, 1882. Five children were born to this union, namely: Frank J., who is mentioned in another paragraph; Sadie is the wife of Will- iam E. Melchior, member of the firm of Ball & Jennings, of Canton; Howard M. is indi- vidually mentioned in an appending paragraph ; Jennie I. is the widow of Richard J. Jennings, of Canton, who died April 28, 1902 ; and Harry A. will be more specifically mentioned at a later point in this context. Frank J. Ball was born on the 29th of January, 1869, and attended the public schools until sixteen years of age, after which he took a course in a business college. He remained with his father until April, 1894, when he pur- chased the United States Auction Syndicate, located in East Tuscarawas street, which he still owns. Religiously he is aftiliated with St. John's church, while in politics he is a Demo- crat. In July, 1894, Mr. Ball was married to Miss Frances Bissler, of Alliance, but they have no children. Howard M. Ball, the second son of the honored subject of this memoir, was bom in the parental homestead in Canton, on the 14th of August, 1872, and he received his early educational discipline in the public and private schools of his native city, while at the age of fifteen years he entered the Canton Business College, where he completed a thorough course and thus fortified himself for the duties of an active business career. Thereafter he continued to be associated with his father in the operation of the Buckeye flouring mills until 1897, when he entered into partnership with his brother-in- law, Richard J. Jennings, and opened a general store at No. 833-837 South Market street, where he has since continued to be successfully engaged in business, the firm name having been CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 439 Ball & Jennings until the death of his partner, since which time operations have been con- tinued by him individually, though the interest of his sister is still retained in the establish- ment. The building now occupied was erected by the firm in 1900, the store being spacious and well equipped, while he utilizes the second story for residence purposes. In politics Mr. Ball gives his support to the Democratic party and he and his wife are communicants of St. John's church, while fraternally he holds mem- bership in the Knights of Columbus and the Catholic Mutual Benefit Association. He is a progressive and capable young business man and has the respect of the people of his native city. On the 15th of April, 1894, in Canton, Mr. P>all was united in marriage to Miss Mar- garet Peffer, daughter of Solomon and Cather- ine (Walters) Peffer, of this city, and of this union have been born four children : Joseph S., aged eight years ; Catherine Lucinda, aged six years: Howard F., aged four years; and Susie, aged two years. Harry A. Ball, youngest child of John M. and Lucinda (Richard) Ball, was born in the old home in Canton, on the 4th of November, 1876. and he received excellent educational ad- vantages, having attended tiie public and paro- chial schools and the Canton Business College, after which he took a course in the Ohio Nor- mal L'niversity, at Ada. At the age of eigh- teen \ears he became connected with the oper- ation of his father's mills, and was identified with the same until the retirement of his father, in 1898, when he became a partner in the firm of Ball & Jennings, in the ownership of the South End Bargain Store, in which he has since brcen concerned, while through his efforts he has done much to further the upbuilding of the representative trade controlled by the firm. Like his brother, he is a Democrat in his po- litical proclivities, a communicant of St. John's church and a member of the Knights of Colum- bus. FRIEND E. MYERS.— Edwin C. Myers, the subject's father, was a native of Colum- biana county, Ohio, and a farmer by occupation. He married, in Portage county, Miss Anna Stretch, who was also born in Salem, Colum- biana county, and for a number of years carried on the pursuit of agriculture near the town of Industry. Friend E. Myers, city engineer of Canton, Ohio, and a well known civil engineer, was born at Industry, Portage county, Ohio, June 27, 1870, and there grew to young manhood, spending the intervening years on the farm, at- tending at intervals the public schools. Sub- sequently, in 1889, he entered the Ohio Normal University at Ada, the scientific course of which institution he completed in 1894. and the following year was graduated fnim the engineering department, standing at the head of his class m all lines of professional study^ and delivering the valedictory address at the close of the term. Mr. Myers on leaving the luiiversity accepted the position of deputy sur- veyor of Hardin county, Ohio, and continued to exercise the duties of the same for a period of three years, during which time he added greatly to his practical knowledge of engineer- ing and became skilled in every branch of his chosen calling. Resigning the above place at the expiration of the time noted, he entered the employ of the Champion Iron Company, at Kenton, Ohio, as expert engineer, which po- sition he held three years with credit to himself and to the entire satisfaction of the firm. Mr. Myers next became engineer for the Massillon Bridge Company, which responsible position he filled two years, when he gave up the place and for some time thereafter was engaged by the Interurban Construction Company to as- sist in the surveying and engineering work of the Stark County Electric Trolley Line. No- vember, 1902, he came to Canton and effected a co-partnership with ex-county surveyor John Holl, which still exists, the firm thus consti- 440 OLD LANDMARKS tilled doing ;i large and lucrative business in all kinds of engineering and surveying. The liigli re])Utation of both parties as accomplished engineers creating a continuous demand for their services, not only in Canton. Inn through- out the county and in other cities as well. For some time past Mr. Myers has held the respon- sible position of city engineer of Canton, dis- charging the duties of the same in an able and satisfactory manner, being employed at fre- quent intervals to do expert engineering work for various industrial concerns, where only the * highest order of efficiency is required. Mr. Myers was married in Kenton, Ohio. December 23, 1897. to Miss Dee Armstrong, a native of Columbus, this state, the union be- ing blessed with one child by the name of Ma- rion. In his political affiliations Mr. Myers is a Republican, and as such has pronounceti views and decided opinions, though not a par- tisan in the sense the term is generally accepteil. Religiously he belongs to the First Christian church of Canton, with which congregation his wife is also identified. REV. HIRAM MILLER was a native of the old Keystone state of the Uniim, ha\ing been born in W'illiamsport, Lycoming county. Pennsylvania, on the T6th of June, 1820. His father, Cornelius Miller, was likewise born in that count\-. whicli fact is significant, as indi- cating that the family must have been there establishefl within the colonial epoch of our national history. Cornelius Miller retained liis residence in his native county until well ad- vanced in years, and then removed to the vicin- ity of the present town of Newcastle, Lawrence county, that state, and a number of years later after the death of his wife, he emigrated to the state of Iowa, where he passed the residue of his life, attaining the patriarchal age of ninety years. He was a man of intellect and sterling character, and the major portion of his long life was devoted to agricultural jiursuits. Of his children we are able to give the following | brief data : Cornelius died in Iowa ; Hiram, subject of this memoir, was next in order of j birth: Jemima was married and died in Beaver county, Pennsylvania ; Martha Jane married a man named Wilson, and lives in Lyons, Iowa; the next was a son named Daniel, who met his death while serving in the Confederate army during the Rel^ellion : Xewton. who married in Beaver county, Penn.sylvania, removed thence to Iowa, and his death occurred in Maquoketa, that state. Of marked historic interest, and pertinent in this connection, are the following data. Sir Francis Drake, of England, ujjon his death de- vised much property to his sister Martha, who came to the United States when a girl and lo- cated near Harrislnirg. Penns}l\ania, where she married the maternal grandfather of the subject of this sketch, and her heirs are still endeavoring to secure the fortune l)equeathed to her h\ her brother, the litigation having been protracted and complicated, while there is some assurance that justice will yet l)e done in the case, which has been in the English courts for years. Lliram Miller, to whreliminary educational discipline in the schools of his native county, and later continued his studies in Beaver coun- ty. Pennsylvania, w'here he completed an aca- demic course, having been endowed with those alert and recepti\-e intellectual faculties which enabled him to make the best use of the oppor- tunities aiTorded him. He also had marked musical talent, and had devoted careful atten- tion to the study of the "divine art." becoming a particularly excellent \-ocalist. After leaxing schools he remained for a time with his father on the farm, and then removed to the south, where he was for man\- }ears engaged in teach- ing music, a vocation which led him into many dift'erent sections. He also passed some time REV. HIRAM MILLER. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 441 at the home of his brother Daniel, in Missis- sippi. After his return home, being naturally of reverent antl spiritual tendencies, he was led to the faith m the divine Master which guided and goxerned his entire life thereafter, and he was a humble and appreciatix-e follower in the steps of the lowly Nazarene who became the light of the world and the Savior of men. He was converted in the* Methodist Episcopal church, and his interest was so quickened and vitalized as to become a dominating- factor, and he determined that his duty lay in conse- crating his life to the work of the Master's A'ineyard. He accordingly began the study of theology, applying himself with great diligence, fervor and reverence, and completed his eccle- siastical studies in the divinity school in his na- tive state, where he was duly graduated, and in 1847 l^s ^^■'is ordained to the ministry of the church, in the Pittsburg conference. In the con- nection It is interesting to recall the fact that his initial pastoral charge was at Salem, Ohio, where he did effective work, and thence he went to Manchester, Pennsvhania. now a part of the city of Pittsburg, and later laliored in the Mur- raysville circuit of the church in Westmore- land county. Pennsylvania. Here it was his good fortune to form the acquaintance of the noble and gracious woman who Ijecame his wife and who pro\ed a true helpmeet and co- adjutor to him until the hour when death set its seal upon his mortal lips. In the city of Pittsburg, on the 15th of June, 1852, Mr. Miller was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Elizabeth Gilchrist, con- cerning whom further mention will be made in this context. After serving as pastor of different churches in Pittsburg, Mr. Miller continued his work in turn at Braddock and Rostraver, Pennsylvania, and returned to Pitts- burg, while later he was stationed at Sharps- burg and Brownsville, in tiu'n, and then came to Ohio aiid for four years he was presiding elder of the church at JMcConnellsville, whence the conference sent him to Washington, Wash- ington county, where he remained until 1865, when he came to Canton, as pastor of what is now the First Methodist Episcopal church. Here he was successful in infusing vigor into the spiritual anti temporal work of the church, increasing its membership materially and labor- ing with devoted zeal in this charge for a per- iod of three years, when, in accord with the policy of the church authorities, a change was made, much to the sorrow of those to whom he had so faithfully ministered. From Canton Mr. iMiller went to the Smithfield church, in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and thereafter was in tenure of pastorates in Monongahela City and Beaver, that slate, the three charges consuming the internal up to 1878, when he once more identified himself with the Ohio conference, coming again to Canton and here resuming pastoral charge of the church in which he had previously labored so elYectively. After a suc- cessful pastorate of three years, he was assigned to the chinxh at Massillon, where he remained for two years, and then became pastor of the church at Wellsxille. Here his pastorate con- tinued one year, and about this time his health became so seriously impaired as to necessitate his retirement from the active later of the min- istry, much to his regret and sorrow, for his zeal was unflagging and his consecration to the uplifting of his fellow men represented the ultimate aim of his life. Upon retiring, at the age of sixty-five years, the honored subject returned to Canton, where he purchased a home at the corner of Clexeland avenue and Lake street, and here he remained, secure in the love and solicitude of his family and of the com- munity and sustained and comforted by that faith which makes faithful, until the hour when he was summoned into eternal rest, his death occurring' on the 26th of February, 1891, at the age of seventy-one years, eight months and ten days, so that he had attained the psalmist's span of three score years and ten. Standing 442 OLD LANDMARKS in the pure \\hite light of a life and character like this, ail may find revelation and inspira- tion, for his was, indeed, "pnre religion and un- detiled before God," and his aim, and that real- alized in its amplitude, was "to visit the widows and the fatherless in their affliction and to do good to all men." The veil of the infinite was lifted to gain a new glory when came the trans- lation of this noble, valiant soul, and his name will be held in lasting reverence and honor by all who came within the sphere of his beneficent influence. In politics Mr. Miller was stanchly arrayed in support of the Republican party from the time of its organization, and fratern- ally he had been for many years identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Sons of Temperance. As a speaker he was forceful, earnest and convincing, perfervid in his simple faith and his love for his fellow men, and broad in his intellectuality, while his ad- ministrative ability was distinctive and potent. Rev. Hiram and Margaret E. (Gilchrist) Miller became the parents of seven children, concerning whom we enter the following epit- omized record : Mary is the wife of George V. L. Mellinger. of Canton; Edmund M. died at the age of eight years; Horace H. resides in Canton; Flora is the wife of Dr. Marcus M. Catlin, of this city ; George Maurice died at the age of nineteen; Wilbur G. is a resident of Washington, D. C, and Margaret died at the age of five months. The only grandchild is IVIargaret Gilchrist, now wife of E. W. Lewis, of Canton, she being the daughter of George and Mary Mellinger. Margaret Elizabeth (Gilchrist) Aliller, widow of the honored subject of this memoir, still retains her home in Canton, endeared to her by the memories and associations of the past. She was born in Murrysville, Westmore- land county, Pennsylvania, on the 13th of March, 1829, the town having been founded and named by her maternal grandfather. Jer- emiah Murrv. He was born in Ireland, in 1744, and as a young man, without financial reinforcement or influential friends, emigrated to America, and made his way to the wilds of Westmoreland county, which was then con- sidered far west, and there entered large tracts of land, on a portion of which he laid out the town which bore his name. Loyal to the land of his adoption, he became a patriot soldier in the Continental line during the war of the Revolution, in which he rendered yeoman serv- ice. He was twice married. His first wife bore him six children, and after her death he married Keziah Setwart, of Scotch descent, who survived him by se\'eral years and who died without issue. From the founding of the town of Murrysville until his death Grand- father Murrv was there engaged in mercantile pursuits, and he lived to the age of ninety years, passing away in 1834. He was active in public affairs and zealous in furthering all en- terprises and projects for the general good, be- ing essentially public spirited and progressive and a man of fine mental caliber, while his genial and gracious personality gained to him the esteem and affection of all with whom he came in contact. He was a man of fine phy- sique and classic features, and was a striking figure at all times, even at venerable age. In his later years his hair, which was snowy white, hung long upon his shoulders, his ruddy, handsome face being always clean shaven, while to the last he wore the picturesque garb of the gentlemen of the colonial epoch. — ruftled shirts, knee breeches, with silver buckles, low shoes, etc. During the Indian wars he con- structed a block house in Murrysville, and in time of danger this was the refuge of the set- tlers for miles around. He served as justice of the peace for many years, was guide, coun- selor and friend to the people of the community, and was familiarly and affectionately known as 'Sf|uire Murrv. His children were as follows: James, who was a general in the war of 1812 and who was a prominent business man in Mur- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 443 rysville, where he conducted a liotel for many years, and where he died, married Priscilla Shaffer and they reared a numter of children ; Nancy, who became the wife of John Cowen, died in 1836, in Allegheny county, Pennsyl- vania ; Elizabeth, who became the wife of Mun- go Dick, died in Pennsylvania ; Rebecca was the mother of Mrs. Miller, wife of the subject; Sarah, who became the wife of John Burrell, died in Greensburg, Pennsylvania, where their son, Judge Jeremiah Murry Burrell resided until his decease some years ago, being an hon- ored and influential citizen; Jane became the wife of John Carpenter, a lawyer, and both died in Mur rysville. The Gilchrist family is of English descent, John Gilchrist, grandfather of Mrs. Miller, having been born in England but having been reared in Scotland. The family is collaterally allied to the great cutlery manufacturers of the name in England. John Gilchrist came to America and was killed while serving as a Con- tinental soldier in the Revolution. He had located in Pennsylvania, and there married Ellen Berryhill, who after his death took up her abode in Harrisburg, that state, and it is pathetic to recall an incident in her life, for so insistently did she weep upon receiving the tid- ings of the death of her loved husband, that the result was total blindness, which continued un- til her death. Her great regret was that she could not be able to see which one of her chil- dren grew to most resemble their father. She finally removed to New Alexandria, in Westmoreland county, where she died about 1837, at the age of four score years or more. John and Ellen Berry- hill became the parents of four children, name- ly: Lucy became the wife of James Latta, a saddler of Blairsville, Pennsylvania, and one of their children was Gen. James Latta, a gal- lant soldier of the Civil war, the parents both dying in Pennsylvania: Hannah, who became the wife of James Paur, died in Pennsvlvania, and her son John was likewise a soldier in the LTnion army, rising to the rank of colonel ; Matilda died in early youth, and John Andrew was the father of Mrs. Miller. John A. Gilchrist was born in the city of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and was but five years of age at the time of his widowed moth- er's removal to New Alexandria, where he was reared to maturity. After receiving a good common-school education he took up the study of law, and was duly admitted to the bar of his native state, but he never engaged to any con- siderable extent in the practice of his profes- sion. He became the owner of a large number of farms near Greensburg, Pennsylvania, and also operated salts works on the Allegheny river. His estate was known as the Manor Farms, and the spacious and attractive resi- dence was located in the center of the estate. He superintended the construction of what was known as the Northern pike, from Philadelphia to the western portion of the state, was ever active in promoting the march of improvement and accumulated a fortune. His was a strong personality and his poAyers of initiative were enormous, while for every thought and action of his life he demanded the approval of con- science, so that the fullest measure of confi- dence and esteem was always his. He finally located in Murrysville, and that continued to be his home until his death, which was caused by accident. He was riding on horseback in company with a friend. Dr. Stewart, when a tree fell in such a way as to cause his instant death, this occurring in 1831. In Murrysville Mr. Gilchrist was united in marriage to Miss Rebecca Murry, and she survived him by three years, passing away in 1834, at the age of forty-four years. Of their children the following record is offered : Ann Jane, who became the wife of William Hun- ter, died in 1889. at her home in Memphis, Tennessee : Nancy became the wife of Rev. Samuel McClung, and both died in Pittsburg, 444 OLD LANDMARKS Pennsylvania: John C. enlisted for service in the Mexican way and was killed in the battle of Pueblo: six months previonsly he had re- ceived a captain's commission in the United States navy, and this commission, with other papers, was fonnd on the battle field and were sent to his mother : Sarah, who became the wife of Capt. Matthew Woods, died in 1899. in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania: Helen, who 1)ecame the wife of Riley McLaughlin, died in Alle- gany county, Pennsylvania, in 1881 : Mar- garet E., wife of the subject, is the sole sur- ^•i\ing member of the immediate family; and Rebecca, who became the wife of Matthew Shields. remo\ed to the west, where l)oth she and her husband died. Mrs. Miller remains in the old homestead purchased by her husband, and is one of the \enerable and loved ladies of Canton. Her strong and abiding Christian faith has sustained her through years of vicissitude and trial and has inspired the fullest appreciation of the beau- tiful elements in life, so that in the golden e\ening of her days she is an example of gra- cious womanhood, and well mav her children rise up and call her blessed. FR.\XK TR.VXSCE is president of the Transne & \\'illiams Drop Forging Company, an im])()rtant manufacturing concern, and \ice- president of the Alliance Bank Company, one of the solid financial institutions of the Buck- eye state. He is a native son of Ohio, having been born in Xorth Benton, Mahoning county, on the 17th of June, 1842, the second in order of birth of four children born to Samuel and Margaret (Santee) Transue. and one of the two now snr\i\ing. his sister, Marv H.. being the widow of .\l\in .Stone and retaining her home in .Alliance. The two decea.sed are Reu- ben, who sacrificed his life on the altar of his country durmg the war of the Rebellion, being killed in the battle of Chickamanga : and John. who died m infancy. Samuel Transue was born in Berks county. Pennsylvania, in which state the family was foundetl at an early period in its history, the name having been specially prominent in the \-icinity of Lancaster, where ha\e lixed numerous representatives, the line- age tracing back to French origin. In his native state the father of the subject was reared and educated, and there he learned the trade uf tailor. As a young man he came thence to Ohio and located in Xorth Benton. Mahoning coun- ty, where he engaged in the tailoring business and where he was shortly afterward married. He continued to be successfully engaged in this line of enterprise in Xorth Benton until 1852. while he was also for a number of vears in- cumbent of the office of postmaster of Xorth Benton. In the year mentioned he came to Alliance, which was then but a village, locat- ing in the section then known as Freedom but now a part of the city of Alliance, and here he continued in the work of his trade. In \^y) he entered into partnership with a Mr. Such and opened a tailoring business in the heart of the city, and the same was continued under the firm name of Transue & Such, until the out- break of the Civil war. when the subject of this sketch ;md his elder brother. Reuben, enlisted for- service in the L'nion ranks and the family home was l)r()ken up. The father then retired from business and drifted back to Pennsyl\'ani;i. locating in Harrisburg. where he likewise en- listed in the government service, becoming an attache of the commissarv dep.artment in that ])lace. his wife and daughter in the mean- while remaining in Alliance. After the close of his service in the capacity noted he returned to Alliance, and here his wife died the follow- ing year, she having been born in Mahoning county. Ohio, and having been fifty-six years of age at the time of her demise. Soon after- ward TlK.mas Transue removed to .\rkon. Ohio, where the latter was united in marriage to a Mrs. McMasters. one child being born of CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 445 this union, Xellie. who is now tlie wife of Henry CalchveU. of Oil City. P^ennsylvania. Mr. FransHe passed the remainder of his Hfe in Arkon. where he died on the 4tli of March, 1892. at the age of seventy-seven years, his widow sin"vi\'ing' hiui h\ only ahout eighteen months. He was a man of strong mentality and marked individuality, and while ne\'er an as- pirant for office he became influential in the councils of the Know-nothing party and later in the Whig party, with which he remained identi- fied until the organization of the Republican part} . w hen he became a stalwart advocate of its principles and so continued until the time of his death. Frank Transue. the immediate subject of ■ this re\'iew, was reared in the parental home, having- accompanied his parents on their re- moval to Alliance, and his educaltional ad- vantages were such as were afforded in the public schools of the day. At the age of six- teen years he apprenticed himself to learn the trade of machinist, for which purpose he entered the shops of Fisher & Shallters Com- I)any. in Alliance. After completing his ap- prenticeship he continued in the employ of this concern, as a journeyman, for several years, gaining a reputation as a skilled and reliable artisan. In 1861. in response to the President's first call for volunteers to aid in suppressing the Rebellion, Mr. Transue tendered his services in defen.se of the Union, enlisting as a private in Company H, Thirteenth Ohio Volunteer In- fantry, for a term of three months. His term of en.listment expired, however, before his com- mand reached the front, and he then resumed the work of his trade. In 1863 he went to Galion, Ohio, where he was employed about a year in the shops of the Bellefontaine & Indian- apolis Railroad, now a portion of the Big Four system, and he then returned to Alliance, where he remained until 1865, when he went to Kent. Ohio, to accept a position in the shops of the Atlantic & Great Western Railroad, which is now known as the Erie Railroad. He was there employed about three years, at the expiration of which he again came to Alliance and once more accepted a position with the Nixon Company, formerly Fisher Shallters & Company, in whose works he had ser\-ed his apprenticeship. In 1872 the company failed and Mr. Transue then went to Massillon to superintend the placing in operation of the works of the C. Russell Company, manufac- turers of threshing-machine teeth, and he re- mained with this concern until the plant was in good worknig order, and he then -returned to Alliance and entered the employ of the Stark Manufacturing Company, whose enterprise was an "infant industry," the ct)mpany having been organized after the failure of the Nixon Company. The life of this new concern was not prolonged beyond its infancy, and the company was succeeded by J. S. Craft, who immediately afterward also purchased the old tow mill in Freedom, as that section of th^ city still continued to be desigiiated. At this juncture ]\Ir. Transue practically inaugurated his independent career, since he entered into a contract with Mr. Craft, who furnished the material, delivering the same to the factory, and our subject then, according to the specifi- cations of his contract, turned out the finished products at a stipulated price. In 1879 he be- came associated with Dr. Johnson Armstrong in the purchase of the plant and business, and the enterprise was continued under the name of the Keystone Spike Company, the products of th.e establishment being threshing machine teeth and general forging. Mr. Transue now assumed the entire management of the business, and through his wise and n the 19th of February, 1863, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Transue to Miss Amanda J. Aultman. who was born and reared in Alliance, where her father, the late Jacob Aultman, was for many years a promi- nent miller and leading citizen. To Mr. and Mrs. Transue have been 1x)rn four children, concerning whom we enter the following brief record : Minnie B. is the wife of Frank Kings- bury, night foreman with the Transue & Williams Company; Oliver is the general man- ager -with this company ; Charles R. is day foreman of tlie works of the company; and William II. is a die-sinker in the estab- lishment. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 447 WASHINGTON B. SHANAFELT.— The original representative of the Shanafelt family in America was the great-grandfather of the subject. He emigrated hither from the German fatherland when a young man, settling in Maryland, \vhere he passed the remainder of his life. Near Hagerstown, that county, was born Daniel Shanafelt, father of him whose name initiates this article, and about the year 1836, in company with his wife and one child, Henry, and the cousins Peter and Henry, he came to Ohio, the journey being made by the overland route with teams and covered wagons. They came to Stark cotuity and all located near Greentown, where they became identified with agricultural pursuits, as pioneer farmers of that section of the county. Daniel Shanafelt married Miss Sarah Funk, who was born near Hagerstown, Maryland, on the historic Antie- tam creek, and her father came to Stark county about the same time as did the Shanafelts, and he likewise located in the vicinity of Greentown. Daniel and Sarah (Funk) Shanafelt became the parents of eight children, of whom five are living at the present time. Their son Henry, who accompanied them on their removal from Maryland, removed to Illinois in his early man- hood, and there passed the remainder of his life, his death occurring at Grove City, Christian county, in 1902. About 1850 Daniel Shana- felt removed from Stark to Medina county, where he was engaged in farming until his death, which occurred in 1869. His wife died in the same county, in 1885. She was born in 1808. They were persons of sterling character and both were members of the Methodist Epis- copal church. Washington B. Shanafelt, the immediate subject of this sketch, was born in Greentown, this county, on the 15th of September, 1840, and here received his preliminary education in the common schools, having been about ten >ears of age at the time of the family removal t'l Medina countv, where he was reared to ma- turity, having there continued his studies in the public schools of Sharon Center. Thereafter he served an apprenticeship at the carpenter's trade, to which he was devoting his attention at the time when the ominous cloud of civil war spread its pall oven the national firmament. He was among those who responded to President Lincoln's first call for volunteers, having en- listed, in August, 1861, as a private in Company D, Twenty-ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantiy, witli which he served three years, having taken part in a number of the most notable engage- ments of the great conflict, including the fol- lowing: ^Vinchester, Port Republic, Lookout Mountain and many incidental skirmishes through the Shenandoah valley, after which he was through the Atlanta campaign, receiving his honorable discharge in the city of Atlanta in 1864, at the expiration of his term of enlist- ment. He then returned to Medina county, and in the spring of 1865 came to Canton, where he followed his trade for a time, after which he engaged in the shoe business, opening a store on the east side of the public square, in the original Cassilly building, which was de- stroyed by fire in 1868. ]\Ir. Shanafelt later occupied a room in the new building erected on the same site, where he continued in this line of enterprise until 187S, when he sold the business to O. ¥. Clouser. J. D. Frank becoming the owner of the store about two years later. The subject thereupon entered his employ in a cler- ical capacity and continued to be thus identified with the business until 1890. In the meanwhile he had effected the purchase of a portion of the old Shorb farm, in the northwest part of the city, first ward, and he platted the same and gave to it the name of the Shanafelt addition. In 1890, in company with his cousin. H. H. Stanafelt. he purchased sixty-two acres of the .Smith farm, and here laid out another addition, while in 1901 they bought a half interest in the remainder of the Shorb farm, comprising sev- ty-four acres, platting it in two additions. IM 448 • OLD LANDMARKS known respectively as tlie Shdrb and Shanafelt additions to the city of Canton. Of these funr additions Mr. Shanafelt now has charq;e, and the nian_\- desiraljje in\'estments nffereil liave at- tracted a most gratifying number of purciiasers. and the improvements in the way of V)uildings are of excellent order. Mr. Slianafelt has e\cr been found inval to all the duties of citizenship, and is stanchly ar- rayed in the ranks of the Republican party, while both he and his wife are valued members of the First Methodist Episcopal church. Fra- ternally he holds membership in McKinley I'ost Xo. 2^, tjrand .\rmy <:'f the Re])ubhc. and in the Masonic order, with which he has l)een identified since iS/O. In Canton, in 1869, Mr, Shanafelt was united in marriage to Miss Frances A. Ditten- haffer. of Canton, a daughter of John and Cath- arine Dittenhaffer and a sister of Harxey Dit- tenhaffer, who is indixidually mentioned nn other pages of this work. Of the six children of Mr. and INIrs. Shanafelt we enter the fullnw- ing brief record: Catherine is the wife of Charles H. Schlabach. cashier of the Canton Savings and Trust Company, John A. is en- gageil in the ofrlce of the Berger Manufacturing Company: Arthu'^. E. is here engaged in the manufacture of leather fillet, under the firm name of Canton F'illet Company, in which en- terprise his father is associated with him: Hen- rv W. and Fred C. are also identified with the latter business and Fanny remains at the paren- tal home. JOHN E. JOHNS.— One of the leading representatives of the insurance Inisiness in the city of Massillon is the enterprising and courteous gentleman wln)se name furnishes the caption of this article, a man who occupies a prominent place in business circles, besides commanding a wide influence in various other relations outside his specific sphere of action. 1 John E. Johns is a native of Allegany county, Maryland, and the son of John and Harriett (W'aite) Jones, both parents Ixirn in England, the father in Cornwall and the mother in Glou- cester. When the elder Johns came to the United States he was thirteen weeks en route, the delay being caused by a shortage of coal on the steamer. He settled in western Mary- land, and still lives in that state, being at this time jiroprietor of Bethel Cottage, at a popular summer resort known as "Mountain Lake Park," which is every year visited by num- bers of people from the larger cities who find amid its cooling shades and other attractive features a pleasant home during the hot season. Mr. Jones served in the late Civil war as a member of Company A, Third Maryland In- fantry, a regiment which entered the service one thousand strong but was mustered out with only three hundred names on the roll, having lost strongly Democratic. In fact he was the only Whig sheriff here elected for many years. After his return from Canton, at the expiration of his term as sheriff", he continued to conduct the Greentown tavern for a few years, then re- tiring from this line of enterprise and devoting his attention to his foundry and farm, while ' he also became a quite extensive dealer in live stock, being a man of marked business acumen and mature judgment, while his intellectuality was of high order. Though not a member of the bar he had acquired a good practical knowl- , edge of the law and its application, and was called upon to settle many cases and ilisputes in the communitv in which he so long resided, lie died at his home in Greentown, in tlie year , 1 868, his wife surviving him by a number of years and passing away in Canton, at the home of the subject. Both were laid to rest in the ccmeterv of Zion church, at Xew Berlin, this county, their religious faith haxing been that of the German Reformed cinnx'h, of which they were consistent members. Of their nine ciiil- dren two died in infancy, and of the others we, offer a brief record at this point : Elizabeth died at the age of eighteen years; Harrisnn H., suljject of this sketch, was the next in order of birth ; Oliver P. is a resident of Greentown : , George is a resident of Canton : Horace died at the age of tiiirty-five years, and Harriet at the. age of twelve years : and Charles is a resident of Kenton, Hardin county, this state. Harrison H. Shanafelt was born in tlie old homestead at Greentown, Lake township, this cnumy, on the i8th of April, 1839, and he se- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 453 cured his early educational discipline in the vil- lage schools of his native place. He assisted in the w ork of the farm and in the handling of the live stock purchased and sold by his father, and continued in this sort of occupation until he had attained the age of twenty-two years, when he entered upon an apprenticeship at the moulder's trade, in his father's foundry, later receiving farther practical training and be- coming an expert workman. He followed his trade in Canton from 1859 for five years, and then went to Davenport, Iowa, where he had charge of a foundry for one season, and he then returned to Canton, where he had charge of the foundry of the Peerless mower and reaper works for the ensuing seven years, while for the next six years he was successfully established in the grocery business on South Market street, finally disposing of his interests in this line. He then, in 188S, engaged in the real estate business in company with his cousin, Washing- ton B. Shanafelt, in which their activity and good management have Iieen as pronounced as has been their success gratifying. There have been made three Shanafelt additions to the city, the same being mentioned somewhat more in detail in the sketch of the life of Washington E. Shanafelt, appearing elsewhere in this vol- ume. In politics Mr. Shanafelt gives an un- qualified allegiance to the Republican party, and his wife was a member of tlie First Methodist I'piscopal church. Fraternally he has been a member of the Masonic order, since 1868. He is a man of excellent initiative and executive ability, one in whom confidence is placed with utmost safety, and as a citizen and man of af- fairs he is well known and highly respected in th.e citv and cotintv in \\-hich he has passed his life. In Canton, on the 2d of October, 1862, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Shanafelt to Miss Martha H. Hays, who was born in this county, being a daughter of Hugh and IMary N. (Pollock) Havs. both of whom are now de- ceased. Mr. and Mrs. Shanafelt had two chil- dren, Willis, who is employed in the legal de- partment of the Bucher 1.^- Gibbs Company, rep- resenting one of the extensive manufacturing industries of Canton, and ]May S.. who is the wife of John Danner, Jr., of Canton. ]\Irs. Shanafelt died June 24, 1897. She was born June 6, 1839, in New York city, her parents be- ing natives of Ireland, who came to America when young, and resided in Stark county for many vears. JOHN H. SHERRICK.— In the fair little mountain republic of Switzerland was born the paternal great-grandfather of the subject, and he it was who figures as the original represen- tative of the family in America, whither he em- igrated when a young man, taking up his abode in Maryland, where he passed the remainder of his days. His son John, grandfather of the subject, was also born in Switzerland, and was a boy when brought to America. He married Annie Wyant, who was of German descent. He owned and operated a mill in Hagerstown, Maryland, for a number of years, the property finally being destroyed by fire, after which, about the year 1812 or '13. he came with his family to Stark county as a pioneer, making the long overland trip with teams and wagons, while he also drove a number of cattle through to the new home. He secured a tract of six or seven hundred acres of land just east of the present village of Waco, in Canton township, and there erected a log dwelling of the primi- tive type common to the locality and period, and a few years later he erected a substantial brick house and barn. He cleared and placed tmder cultivation a considerable portion of his land, and in addition to farming also owned a distillery, which was among the first in the county. He hauled his whiskey by wagon to Cleveland, where he received in payment for the same partly cash and partly supplies of 454 OLD LANDMARKS various kinds. He was a man of energy and good business ability and was prominent in the affairs of the community, continuing to reside on his liumestead until his death, which oc- curred about the year 1845, ^t which time he was seventy-five years of age. His wife survived him by about two years and was seventy-tiiree years of age at the time of her death. They were folk of sterling character and both were members of the ^Meinionite churcli, while he gave his support to the Democratic party. We are able to ofil'er the following data in regard to the children of these honored pioneers : Joseph died in Canton, Mississippi, where he was a planter and slaveholder; Jacob, who died in Canton, Ohio, in 1896, remained a bachelor and was nearly eighty years of age at the time of his demise ; David was the father of the sub- ject of this sketch; John died at the age of twenty-six years ; Christian, who was a farmer, died in Canton, about the year 1880; Elizabeth married Michael Rohrer; and Sarah became the wife .of Conrad Booze. There were several other children, none of whom lived to attain maturity. David Sherrick was born in Hagerstown, Maryland, on the i8th of January, 1807, and accompanied his parents on their removal to Stark county, where he was reared to manhood on the old homestead farm, having received limitex:! educational advantages in the subscrip- tion schools of this city. He was, however, a man of alert mentality and by personal appli- cation and careful reading effectivelv supple- mented the training of his bovhood, having- been a particularly zealous biblical student, al- though he was never formally identified with any religious body. He married Miss Rebec- ca Longsdorf, who was born in Womelsdorf, Dauphin county, Pennsylvania, being a daugh- ter of Hem-y Longsdorf, one of the pioneers of Stark county and of German lineage. Prior to this he had run a raft of lumber down the Ohio to Cincinnati, where the cholera epidemic was raging at the time, and he was compelled to remain there for six weeks before he could effect a sale of his stock. After his marriag. he removed to Dayton, Ohio, from which pciii he was engaged in boating on the canal for two Acars, at the expiration of which he re- turned to the old home farm, but shortb afterward came to Canton and took u^ his residence at the corner of Third and Walnut streets, and on the same lot he operated a pottery about four years. He then sold this property and purchased one hundred and sixty acres of land adjoining Canton on the south, and there he continued to devote his at- tention to farming for the ensuing five years, at the expiration of which he returned to town and established his home at Walnut and Fourth streets, where his devoted wife died in the year 1 861, while later he resided on the corner of Walnut and Tenth streets, and he was engaged in the buying and shipping of live stock for eighteen years, doing a large and profitable busi- ness. He then returned to his farm, where he re- mained for a few years, finally returning to the farm, where he died in 1887, secure in the es- teem of all who knew him and known as an able and progressive business man. He was a Democrat m his political proclivities and his wife was a devoted member of tlie Lutheran church. He served one term in the city coun- cil and ever, took a deep interest in local affairs of a public nature. Of his children we record that Sarah, who became the wife of Lewis Miller, died in Canton, in 1873; David died at the age of twenty years, and William at the age of twenty-six years ; and Emma, who be- came the wife of Bert Kitzmiller, died in 1885. Thus the subject of this review, who was the eldest of the children, is now the only survivor. John H. Sherrick was born in Dayton, Ohio, on the 24th of November, 1837, and was about two vears of age at the time when his CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 455 parents returned to Stark county, where he jecured his early educational discipline in the jiulilic schools of Waco and Canton. When )Ut ten years of age he began to assist in the vork of the farm, and he well recalls the stren- lous labors which fell to his portion in guiding he plow through the maze of stumps which jjbstructed the newly opened fields, while he assisted in clearing much of the home farm. In 1864 he secured a position as fireman on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Rail- road, running between Laporte, Indiana, and the city of Chicago. He reverts to this as hav- ing been the coldest experience of the sort he e\er encountered, on one occasion his train hav- ing been for three days snowbound and unable to reach Chicago. He was thus engaged until the winter of 1865, when a strike was inaugur- ated and lie retired from the service and found empkiyment on a street railway in Chicago, bemg thus engaged two years, at the expiration of which he went to Leavenworth, Kansas, and became a fireman (jn the Missouri Pacific Railroad, later being' similarly engaged on the Kansas Pacific, and finally he was made an engineer on the Missouri Pacific Railroad, re- taining this position until 1868 or 1869, when he returned to Stark county and took charge of the home farm, where he has ever since con- tinued to reside, the same being- one of the finely improved and valuable properties of the county, since the same is contiguous to the cor- porate limits of the city of Canton. He is well known in the city and county and has the con- fidence and g-oofl will of the people among whom he remains as the only representati\-e of the third generation of one of the honored pioneer families of the county. In politics he accords an unwavering allegiance to the Demo- cratic party. On the 4th of March, 1876, in Canton, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Sherrick to Miss Flora Pfau, who was born and reared in this county, being a daughter of John and Caro- line (Hepp) Pfau, who were numbered among the pioneers of this section of the state, and I>oth of whom are now dead. JOPIN C. B'REMONT PUTMAN was born on the old Putman homestead ( his grand- father's) at Beach City, this county, on the loth of July, 1856, being a son of the late Captain Timothy C. Putman, to whose memory and services a tribute is paid elsewhere in this vol- ume, so that a recapitulation of the family his- tory is not demanded at this juncture. Mr. Putman received his preliminary educational discipline in the district schools, after which he attended the Massillon high school and later became a student in Mount LTnion College, near this city. He initiated his business career at Wilmot, near his birthplace, having there en- gaged in the dry -goods business in company with Charles Wyandt, under the firm name of Putman & Wyandt. There he continued in business for a period of three years, at the ex- piration of which time he came to Massillon and became associated with Eli Leighley in the pur- chase of the genera! marchandise business of Allman & Wetter. Two years later his brother- in-law, the late Carrell B. Allman, purchased the interest of Mr. Leighley, and the business continued under the title of Allman-Putman until January i, 1902, when it was incorpor- ated under the title of the Allman-Putman Company. At the time of the reorganization ~S]\-. Putman became general manager, and dur- ing the few months intervening between the death of ^Ir. Allman and that of himself he had entire charge of the business, which had grown to be one of extensive proportions. The Bee Hive, as the establishment is known, is con- ducted on the department principle and the stock carried is large and comprehensive, while the store occupies a fine brick building f' mr stories in height. In the building up of this 456 OLD LANDMARKS noteworthy enterprise the business acumen and alert and progressive methods of Mr. Put- man were most potent, and he showed a master- ful grasp of details and a capacity for unre- mitting and fruitful application, proving an able coadjutor to his associate and long-time friend, Mr. Allman, with whom his business and social relations were of the most intimate and mutually pleasant order. Genial and kindly to all and ever considerate of others, he held the esteem of not only those whom he had busi- ness dealings, but also the afifectionate regard of his employes, who looked upon him as a friend and benefactor. He was distinctively a lead- er in local business circles, and his aid and influence were ever given in support of all measures and undertakings for the general good of his home city, to whose interests he was most loyal. He was identified with the Ma- sonic fraternity, including the Knights Tem- plar and Mystic Shrine, while he was also a valued member of the Knights of Pythias, hav- ing been at the time of his death colonel of the Eighth Regiment of the Uniformed rank of this order, and was likewise prominent and pop- ular in the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He was treasurer of the Merchants' Street Fair & Carnival Association and one of its most able and enthusiastic promoters. At the time of his death this association, at a called meeting, passed the following resolutions of respect and condolence : Whereas, In view of the loss we have sustained by the decease of our friend and associate, J. C. F. Put- man, and of the still heavier loss sustained by those who were nearest and dearest to him ; tlierefore, be it Resolved, That it is but a just triliute to the mem- ory of the departed to say that in regretting his removal from our midst we mourn for one who was in every way worthy of our respect and regard. Resolved, That we sincerely condole with the family of the deceased upon the dispensation with which it has pleased divine Providence to afflict them, and com- mend them for consolation to Him who orders all things for the best, and whose every act is meant in niercv. Resolved, That copies of this heartfelt testimonial of our sympathy and our sorrow be forwarded to the family and to the daily papers of the city. William Martin, Frank A. Vogt, William A. Pietzcker. Bernard Bell, Jacou J. Wise, Commiltcc. Massillon, April 29, 1903. At Orville, Wayne county, Ohio, on the 1st of January, 1885, was solemnized the mar- riage of Mr. Putman to Miss Clara Beidler, daughter of Joseph Beidler, a sterling pioneer of that county. She survives her husband, as does their only child, Helen Beidler Put- man, born June 2, 1891. Mrs. Putman was born in Holmes county, Ohio, near the Stark county line, within five miles of where her hus- band was born. He father was born in Holmes county, Ohio, and died September 9, 1903, aged fifty-nine years. He was the son of Jacob and Barbara Beidler. He married Barbara Mumaw, who was born in Holmes county, Ohio, the daughter of John and Rachel Mumaw. *-—* MARCUS M. CATLIN, M. D.— A man of marked ability and ripe experience in both ci\-il and military aff^airs, whose life has been consecrated to the noble work of alleviating human suffering, it is eminently proper in this connection to invite attention to the career of the distinguished physician whose name appears above. Thirty-four years of active practice bear testimony to the success that has attended his efforts and a residence of over twenty- seven years in the city of Canton has placed him in the front rank of the profession in this part of the state. In the histor\' of Herkimer and Oneida counties, New York, the name Catlin has been familiar for many generations and representatives of the fainily are supposed to have been among the earliest permanent set- OLD LANDMARKS uusniess acume: ■ ' Mr. Pui ■\ maste; - I'or unre- )\'mg an i ! alder. Geiiiai and k derate o' •'- ■ " he nc- tliose ■ hnd Ii't- ^mnized < iuokctJ up' - a. j'rien UT Ol c;aier, ii 5L TT,. >. •,.: .V IV ^iy a lead hie ?iH pp. 'it C'jllii -ur\'ive~ he ■i r.iivjtrlakint;-s Ic .1 111- I'll \- I I . \-. h, ,vi- n Licinig the Knif;' >S9i. Mrs. Pulnian wa :'i!!ic- L'Miray, Ohio, near the S"' '. Vi-itl:in five mile? of ^Yhere he a in He Sepieinljer 9, i was the son of 1 Ke marriefl Rn- rank - ? J.' j\«, \, i.^t: 1 i i .. -olent nnd V- /nivaj . ; 1111(11.1 iu! anU Kaclu- ' iM. V_ ;\ 1 I .1 .\ , i\l , L'. — . ili^v md rine cxncricn^c i' met respcci ana cjii-ioiencc. ik iii allevi uig. ic .-> t.. '■■ nroper ii ' invite nttf- ^he care 1 whose name ap; ur }uars of active prr . . ■:■.' the <;mcip^^ fli;ii !in^ jif nrl a r> any gcUcration> •'•• are suppose., i f permanent set- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 457 tiers in those parts of the Empire state. Roger Cathn, the Doctor's father, was born in the former county and there married Ehzabeth No- ble, whose ancestors were also among the pion- eers. By occupation Roger Catiin was a farmer and his death occurred when the subject of this sketch was a lad of nine years of age ; his wife survived him a number of years, departing this life in her native county and state at the age of sixty years. Dr. Catiin was born in the town of Win- field, Herkimer county, New York, August 15, 1846, and, owing to the death of his father, was early in life thrown upon his own resources. Left with a family. of seven children, the wid- owed mother experienced great difficulty in caring for her little flock and keeping the hungry wolf from the door. In this she was assisted l)y her son Marcus, who earned his first money when nine years old by working on a farm in the neighborhood of his humble home. By a lad so young but scanty wages could be expected, but such as they were, he retained barely sufficient to keep himself respectably clothed, generously turning- over the little sur- plus to the support of his mother and the chil- dren dependent upon her. While thus engaged he availed himself of the public schools of Avin- ter seasons, but so great was the responsibility resting upon him at the time, that he would frequently run home from his employment at school recess and the noon hour and assist with the labor of the household, run errands, cut wood, and attend to other chores which his hands found to do. During the first three years his employer, a man by the name of Tylor, paid him meager wages, but the fourth year he was allowed, in addition to his clothing, forty dol- lars in money, which proved quite a god-send to tlie family. Young Catiin continued to labor by the year with constantly increasing remun- eration until the age of thirteen, when he hired by the month, attending the winter seasons for several vears thereafter an academv in his native town. Meanwhile the great Civil war had broken out, but thinking himself too young and too small for a soldier, he made no attempt to enter the service until the spring of his six- teenth year. Imbued with a spirit of patriotism, the lad mentioned the matter to his mother, who said one so young as he should not try to en- dure the hardships and dangers of a soldier's life. Loth to give up his cherished desire of helping the country in its time of need, he again broached the subject; the mother, taking the matter to her heavenly Father in prayer, finally gave her consent and blessing, telling him to go and prove himself true to every duty that should come to him as a defender of the nation's honor. In April, 1863, young Catiin enlisted in Company D, Forty-sixth New York Volun- teers, a regiment that had already served since the beginning of the war and at the time men- tioned its members were, looked upon as veter- ans. Immediately following his enlistment, the Doctor was sent direct to Vicksburg, and it was not long until he experienced the horrible realities of war in some of the hardest fought battles of the Rebellion. He took part in the siege of Vicksburg, the Confederate strong- hold, and the battles in the vicinity, witnessed its surrender and participated in the rejoicing wiiich followed the e\'ent. Subsequently his regiment was transferred east to Tennessee in time to assist in the reduction of Knoxville, in addition to which it took part in other fight- ing in that state, besides experiencing its full share of hard service incident to warfare in an enemy's country. Still later the Doctor ac- companied his command to Virginia where, under the leadership of the matchless Grant, he participated in the long list of bloody battles in the vicinity of Richmond which finally ter- minated in the surrender of Lee's army at Appomattox. He passed through all his try- ing experience as a brave soldier should, never shirking a duty nor flinching when danger or 45» OLD LANDMARKS death threatened. His record is iintinged by the slightest suspicion of dishonor and from the heg-inning of his mihtary career until its ter- mination at Washington, D. C. in 1865, his life was ever ready to be sacrificed for the good of the country he loved so well. The Doctor returned home in somewhat broken health and it was while recuperating his worn-out energies that he was induced by a physician to come to the latter's house and take up the study of medicine. After looking o\cr the doctor's librar)- and perusing with much interest several medical works, he de- cided to act upon the advice given him and de- vote the rest of his life to the healing art. In due lime he began a preliminary course of study in the office of Doctor Nathaa Spencer, of Winfield, New York, remaining under that gentleman's instruction about three years, and in the meantime became a student in the Cleve- land Homeopathic College. He was graduated from that institution in 1868 and in the spring of the same year began the practice at Brook- field, Madison county. New York, where he re- mained until 1 87 1, building up a lucrative busi- ness. In the latter year Dr. Catlin opened an office in Massillon, Ohio, and after practicing in that city and vicinity for a period of four years removed, in I*"ebruary. 1875, to Canton, of wiiich place he is now one of the oldest physicians in point of continuous residence. The only representatives of the profession now in practice who came to the city before or with the subject are Drs. Portman and Conklin. all the rest having chosen this field since the A-ear 1875- Dr. Catlin's long residence in Canton has made his name a household word in the ma- jority of homes in the city and many through- out the country and everywhere he is spoken of in terms of praise, not only as a i>h_\-sician and surgeon but as a man and citizen. Since the war his life has been very closelv inter- woven with his profession and the amount of suffering he has alleviated and the good cheer he has brought to many households cannot be expressed in words. He has devoted his ener- gies, physicial and mental, to the good of his kind, losing sight of .self in the one absorbing desire of rescuing humanity from the many ills to which it is heir. His practice has been signally successful, professionally and finan- ciall}-, and he stands today one of the leading representati\es of the Homeopathic school in this part of the state, also occupying a respect- able position among the well-to-do men of the city in which he lives. Dr. Catlin stands high in the estimation of his professional associates of Canton, and is well and favorably known by the leading physicians of his school in Ohio and throughout the entire country. His name appears on the records of the principal Homeo- pathic organizations, among which are the State Medical Society, Northeastern Ohio Homeopathic Society, the American Institute of Homeopathy and others. He served one term of the Northeastern Ohio Society and has been an active participant in the deliberations of the different organizations with which he is identified, not infrequently presenting his views and the results of his practical investigations in papers which have gained wide publicity. Dr. Catlin was the first physician of the Homeo- pathic school in this locality to demonstrate the feasibility of the system, which in the last thirty years has made remarkable strides, tak- ing a strong hold on public favor. He still keeps alive his interest in matters pertaining to the terrible crisis through which the govern- ment passed from 1861 to 1866, being a mem- ber of McKinley Post No. 25, Grand .Army of the Republic, on the roster of which are the names of many of Ohio's bravest sons. In bis political adherency he is a Republican, but the pressing claims of his profession have prevent- ed him from trd;!^ " CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 465 of June, 1884, with the degree of Bachelor of Sciences. While a student in this institution he became business manager of the Dickin- son Liberal, a college paper. At the time he assumed control the financial affairs of the paper were in a most deplorable condition, the efficiency and value of the same being much hampered by the imposed burden of indebted- ness. By careful and discriminating manage- ment Professor Johns placed the paper on a sound financial footing, and his brother, John E., who succeeded him as business manager, was thereby enabled to leave the control of the paper with a balance in its treasur)'. After leaving Dickinson the subject began teaching school at Cumberland, Maryland. where he was thus engaged for two years, the latter of which he was principal of the Union street school. The following year he assumed the principalship of the AInunt Savage public schools, in the same county, and here likewise he made a most excellent record as an instruc- tor and executive. In September, 1887, Pro- fessor Johns, in the capacity of principal, took charge of the State Orphans' School at Ches- ter Springs, Chester county, Pennsylvania, re- taining this incumbency two years, or until the institution was closed by the state, in 1889. He then returned to Allegany coimty, Mary- land, where he remained about one year. In 1890 he came to Massillon and accepted a po- sition as assistant in the high school, and in September. 1895, ^^ was promoted to the po- sition he now holds, that of principal of the high school, this advancement being a well merited recognition of faithful and effective service. He is a member of the Stark County Teachers' Association, of which he served as president during the years 1901-2, and he is also a member of the Ohio State Teachers' Association and of the Northeastern Ohio As- sociation. He is a member of the First Metho- dist Episcopal church of Massillon, in whose Sunday school he has long been a teacher, while 29 he holds the office of superintendent of the same at the present time. He is identified with the Masonic fraternity, the Junior Order of United American Mechanics and the Tribe of Ben Hur. Professor Johns was united in marriage to Miss Virgin Lenore Dart, who was born in Cumberland county, Maryland, on the 17th of July, 1864, being a daughter of Lewis and Mary N. (Cresap) Dart, both representatives of old and prominent Maryland families. Mrs. Dart is still living, having celebrated her sev- enty-third birthday on the 4th of May, 1903, while her husband is deceased. Professor and Mrs. Johns are the parents of three children, namely : Lucile W., born September 30, 1889 ; Alary O., born July 30, 1895; and an infant, born May 22, 1903. REV. O. P. FOUST.— Paternally Rev. Foust is descended from an old Pennsylvania family, the history of which dates from a very early period in the annals of the commonwealth. His father, William Foust, was the son of Philip Foust, the latter being the son of John Foust, all of whom lived and died in the above state. The Fousts for many generations have been farmers and producers, not a few of them having attained honorable stations in their re- spective localities. Philip Foust,, the subject's grandfather, died from the effects of a fall, at the advanced age of eighty-three, and William Foust departed this life when about fifty-seven years old, meeting his death also by acci- dent. The latter's wife, who bore the maiden name of Marietta Fretz, is a native of Pennsyl- vania and a daughter of Solomon Fretz, who passed into the life beyond at the ripe old age of ninety-two years. Mrs. William Foust is still living, having reached the sixty-seventh milestone on life's journey; she bore her hus- band eleven children, the subject of this review being the fifth in order of birth. Rev. O. P. Foust was born in Clarion 466 OLD LANDMARKS county, Pennsylvania, on the 22(1 day of November, 1S65. At the proper age he entered the district school near his home, and such was his progress that while still a mere youth he completed the studies constituting the course and became a student in the high schools at St. Petersburg. In due time he was graduated from that institution with the highest honors of his class, after which he taught two terms in his native county. At the expiration of that period he entered the Clarion Collegiate Insti- tute, where he gave especial attention to Latin and Greek, preparatory to taking a collegiate course. While thus pursuing his studies, he was induced to take charge of several classes in the above institution and as student and tutor he continued his labors until entering Heidel- berg College, in the fall of 1889. Mr. Foust's record" in the collegiate institute was indeed a creditable one. and there, as in the high school, he took the highest honors, graduating as vale- dictorian of his class. His career at Heidel- berg was no less honorable, as he stood high in all his studies and he left that institution after two years of close, painstaking work with laurels, well and nobly earned. Actuated by a laudable desire further to increase his scholastic knowledge, he matriculated in the fall of 1 89 1 at Wooster University, and after spending a little over two years there was graduated with high honors for scholarship and literary work, completing the prescribed course in the spring of 1893. Leaving the university Mr. Foust was elec- ted principal of the Wapakoneta high school and on the same day this choice was made came a tender of the principalship of the schools at Orrville. At first he was somewhat undecided as to which position he w^ould accept, but the term of school at Orrville being longer than at A\^apakoneta, he decided to accept the position at the latter place, and entered upon his labors. It was not long until the schools under his charge were thoroughly reorganized and the system placed upon the solid basis which has marked their subsequent history. Mr. Foust made a creditable record as a teacher and man- ager and at the end of his first term at Orr- ville was unanimously re-elected for another year. Meanwhile his reputation as an educator spread beyond the bounds of his held of lal)or, as witness the fact of his having been selected teacher of Latin by the Akron school board about the time of his re-election as principal at Orrville. He entered upon his second year's work at Orrville at a greatly increased salary and at the expiration of the term was again chosen his own successor with another con- siderable advance in salary, but declined to ac- cept by reason of a more remunerative position l>eing offered him as teacher of mathematics in the Akron high school. Resigning his prin- cipalship, he took charge of his especial work in Akron, and it may not be out of place in this connection to state that in order to pro- cure his services the school board of that citv were obliged to pay him a larger salary than that received by any other teacher there em- ployed. While connected with the educational wcirk of Akron, Mr. Foust took up the study of Hebrew with Rev. Mr. Philo, a scholarly and erudite rabbi, under whose instruction he con- tinued as long as he remained in that city. He made rapid advancement in this ancient and difficult language and before dispensing with the services of his tutor became quite ;i proficient Hebrew scholar. Mr. B'oust held the chair of mathematics two years, but resigned at the end of that time to enter upon the study of theology, of which he had long cherished an ardent de- sire. After successfully passing the exami- nation entitling him to admission to the second year's work in the theological seminary at Tif- fin, this state, he bent all his energies to the task before him, and made a record which ga\'e him prestige among the highest students of tliat institution. While prosecuting his studies CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 467 he was elected pastor of the Reformed church at Carrothers, Ohio, and as such continued to preach for the congregation every ahernate Lord's day until after his graduation. During the first summer's vacation he, with two fellow students, conducted a summer school at Heidel- berg University, which was well patronized, the high standing of the instructors giving the enterprise an impetus to the end that it became quite remunerative to those in charge. In Oc- tober, 1898, Mr. Foust was tendered a call to the First Reformed church at Massillon. which in conjunction with his charge at Carrothers he served alternately until completing his theo- logical course. He was graduated in April, 1899, with the degree of Bachelor of Divinity, being one of only two in his class to receive that honor. Meantime, 1897, in recognition of his scholarship and satisfactory educational and literary work he received from Wooster University the degree of Master of Arts, which with the degree from the seminary bears glow- ing testimony to the high standard of his in- tellectual and professional attainments. Rev. Foust was formally licensed as a min- ister of the gospel of the Reformed church on the 2d day of May, 1899, and immediately thereafter entered upon the duties of his sacred office at Massillon, resigning his charge at Carrothers the year in which he graduated. On coming to this city he found the church in only fair condition, but under his able ministration it has greatly prospered, both in material and spiritual things. Over one hundred communi- cants having been added to the congregation since he took charge of the work. A deeper spirit of devotion has been aroused and the progress in every line of endeaA'or has been eminently satisfactory, attesting not only the ability with which the pastor performs his functions, but also the deep and abiding place which he has found in the hearts and affections of his people. Rev. Foust has inaugiu'ated a general system of church improvements which are being successfully carried out as rapidly as circumstances will admit. He has already lifted a debt of two thousand dollars which hung over the congregation many years to its detriment, besides greatly beautifying the church propert}^ by planting a number of shade trees around the building and remodeling the interior of the structure. Recently, through his efforts, the floor has been carpeted, a new and fine pulpit and other furniture supplied and the room in which the kindergarten school is held, reseated with chairs suitable to pupils in attendance. Rev. Foust's parishioners show their high appreciation of his earnest, self- sacrificing services in many ways, not the least of which is the promptness with which they pay his salary every Monday morning, in this re- spect setting a commendable example to other churches that do not pursue sucii a course. As a preacher Rev. Foust has attained eminent distinction, being a clear, forcible and logical speaker, apt in illustration and truly eloquent when discussing the grand themes of Scripture or presenting to the minds and hearts of his hearers the claims of the gospel. His oratory is of that pleasing kind which appeals to the understanding as well as to the imagination and he never fails to impress his auditors with his earnestness, deep conviction and profound con- secration to the ser\ice of the Master. He has received a number of flattering calls to much larger and more influential congregations than the one to which he now ministers, but de- votion to duty will doubtless induce him to re- main with his present charge until certain pre- arranged work is completed and results long anticipated are accomplished. Among the churches desirous of securing his services are wealthy congregations in Kansas City, Mis- souri, and Denver, Colorado, the calls from both having Ijeen politely but firmly declined. Rev. Foust has long maintained a lively interest in college fraternal organizations, hav- ing been elected in 1892 to represent the A. 468 OLD LANDMARKS T. O. (Greek) society in the national biennial gathering at Nashville, Tennessee. In 1896 he represented the same society in a convention at Cleveland, Ohio, for the purpose of attending to some especially important matters, which through his instrumentality were properly and satisfactorily adjusted. Two years later he was a delegate to the World's Students' Federation at Chicago, in which the colleges and universi- ties of twenty-four of the leading nations of the world were represented, and in 1902 he was further honored as the accredited represent- ative of the Tuscarawas class to the tri-annual meeting of the synod of the Reformed church which convened in the city of Baltimore. Dur- ing the sessions of the latter body the dele- gates, by special invitation of the President of the United States, visited ^Vashington City, where they were extended every courtesy, not the least of which was a magnificent reception at the White House. Rev. ]\Ir. Foust was married July 17, 1893, to Miss Eliza Covert, the accomplished daugh- ter of Ithamar and Sarah (Burd) Covert, residents of Ashland county, Ohio. Like her husband, Mrs. Foust also comes of an old and highly respected Pennsylvania family, the genealog}- running back to the pioneer period of that state, also to the early days of Ohio. Her mother, a daughter of Sparks and Eliza (Long) Burd, was born in Pennsylvania and early removed to Holmes county, Ohio, where her father purchased land, cleared a farm and otherwise took an acti\-e part in the material development of the locality in which -he settled. Airs. Eliza Long is re- membered as a woman of great physical cour- age and daring. l)ui withal a most excellent wife and devoted mother. The story is related, that one night during the absence of her hus- band, she heard a number of wolves prowling around the little cabin home and, fearing for the safety of a young calf which had been tied to a tree some distance from the house, she rose from her bed, armed herself, and went alone into the darkness of the woods and res- cued the poor creature before it had been dis- covered by the ferocious beasts. Ithamar Covert was the son of Enoch Covert and the latter's father was named John, all of whom, with several generations of ancestors, were either natives of or lived in Pennsylvania. The Coverts have long been noted for longevity, a number of the family having lived to great ages. Rev. Foust was exceedingly fortunate in the selection of a wife and helpmate, the one of his choice being in every respect fitted for the companionship of such a talented and dis- tinguished husband. She has been his faithful assistant and co-laborer in the noble work in which he is engaged and to her judicious coun- sel and faithful co-operation is he indebted for much of his success. Mrs. Foust is a well educated lady, cultured and refined, a willing and cheerful worker in the church and a favorite in the social circles in which she and her husband move. She taught successfully several terms of school, after which she became an expert stenographer and typewriter, and had made cor.siderable progress in the study of law when her marriage took place. She had intended making the legal profession her life wiirk. Init changed her mind with the changing nf her name. Her father is still living, l)eing now in his seventy-second year, and her uncle. \\'illiam Co^■ert, is in his eighty-eighth year. Her mother died in 1896. The home of Rev. and Mrs. Foust has been brightened by the advent of four children : Lloyd, Dwight, Roy, and one other. Two of the children are deceased, Roy d_\-ing in November, 1902, aged eight months, and a daughter unnamed dying at birth. In closing this brief review it is well to refer to the deep interest the suliject has taken in his youngest brother. ^\^ \\'. Foust, who was under his care from the time of their father's death. He pro- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 469 vided him the best educational advantages ob- tainable, provided liberally for his maintenance, paid the expenses of his collegiate training and supported him while he prosecuted his theo- logical studies in the seminary connected with Heidelberg "University. He graduated April 29, 1903; was licensed May 7, 1903, and was ordained by his brother (subject) on May 21, 1903. W. W. Foust is a young man of high intellectual attainments and gives much promise of an honorable career as a minister of the gospel. Thus have been set forth the leading facts of the life of one of the talented and useful ministers of the gospel in the state of which he is an honored resident. His career has been signally brilliant and successful, and, judging the future by the past, it is eminently proper to predict for him a still more distinguished station among the leading divines of the church which he has the honor of representing. He has won many souls to the higher life and his coming years are replete with promise and re- ward. EDWARD S. FOLK, M. D., is of stanch German ancestry in the agnatic line, and the patronymic was originally spelled Faulk. The original representative of the immediate family in America was John Faulk, grandfather of the subject, v>'ho emigrated from the fatherland to the Unitd States about the year 1812, first settling in the state of New York, where he remained for a number of years and then came westward to Ohio, taking up h's abode in Stark county, where he passed the remainder of his life, engaged m agricultural pursuits. He was a man of sterling integrity of character and in all the relations of life was signally true and honorable, being held in uniform esteem by all who knew him. He was one of the pioneers of the county and here lived and labored to goodly ends, — an unassuming but worthy citizen. His wife was likewise a native 01 Germany, their marriage ha\-ing been solem- nized, however, after coming to America. They became the parents of nine children, and Sam- uel F., father of the Doctor, was one of the five sons. He was born on the paternal farm- stead in Sandy township, Stark county, Ohio, on the 22d of June, 1836, and he was reared to maturity on the old homestead, early beginning to contribute his quota to the work of the same and receiving such educational advantages as were afforded in the district schools of the lo- cality and period. As a young man he learned the carpenter trade, becoming a capable work- man. His parents removed to Illinois when he was a young man, but he decided to remain in his native state, where he was engaged in the work of his trade at the time when the dark cloud of civil war spread its grewsome pall over the national horizon. The intrinsic loyalty and patriotism of his nature was aroused to respon- sive protest, and he valiantly offered his ser- vices in defense of the Union, enlisting as a private in Company I, One Hundred and Fif- teenth Ohio Volunteer Infantr}-, with which he served two years, taking part in a number of the important battles incidental to the greatest of all internecine conflicts and proving- a leal and loyal son of the Republic. After the close of the war Samuel F. Folk returned to Stark county where, in 1866, was solemnized his marriage to ]\liss Sarah Van Voorhis, who was likewise a native of this county, having been born in Osnaburg town- ship, on the 3 1 St of December, 1844, a daugh- ter of Peter Van Voorhis, who migrated from the old Keystone state to Ohio in an early day, taking up his abode on a tract of land in the inrmediate vicinity of the present village of Mapleton, where he reclaimed a good farm from the primitive wilds and where he passed the residue of his life, honored for his intrinsic integrity and ordering his life upon a high plane. He died well advanced in years, having 470 OLD LANDMARKS become tlie fatlier of fourteen children. After his marriage Samuel F. Folk located on a farm of ten acres at Mapleton, placing his little tract of land under cultivation, but devoting the major portion of his time and attention to the work of his trade, in which his efforts were at- tended with a due measure of success. After a period of about fifteen years had elapsed he had sufficiently conserved his resources to be able to purchase a farm of eighty acres, in the same vicinage, and there he took up his abode, making the best of improvements on the place and eventually having one of the most prolific and valuable farms in this section of the state. No man in the community commanded a great- er measure of confidence and esteem, while his influence was ever exerted in the furtherance of all worthy objects and enterprises. He was as true to the duties of citizenship during the "piping times of peace" as he was when he followed the old flag on the sanguinary bat- tlefields of the south, and he passed to his re- ward in the fulness of years and honors, his death occurring on the 14th of January, 1892. In politics he gave an unecjuivocal support to the princi])les and policies of the Republican party and his religious views were in harmony with the tenets of the Christian church, while fraternally he retained his interest in his old comrades in arms and was a valued member of the Grand Army of the Republic. His widow still sur\i\es, residing on the old homestead so hallowed by tlie memories and associations of the past, while she has been for years a de- voted member of the Christian church, as was also her husband. Of their children we enter brief record, as follows: George W., who married Kate Creighton and has two children, remains on the old homestead with his \-ener- able mother and is known as one of the pro- gressive and influential farmers of Stark coun- ty: Margaret died in infancy; Edward S., the immediate subject of this sketch, was the next in order of birth and is the youngest of the children. Dr. Folk was born in Mapleton, Stark county, Ohio, on the 28th of March, 1877, and thus he is numbered with the younger gener- ation of physicians in his native county. The day has passed when there obtains a preju- dicial animus against youth in connection with what are customarily designated as the "learned professions," and prestige is not denied to the one whose merits and abilities are not the con- tingents of extreme or middle age, and thus in the case of the subject of this sketch we find that he has gained marked precedence in his profession, even though a great number of years have not elapsed since he served his brief novitiate in the practical work of his profession. The Doctor received his preliminarv* educational discipline in the public schools and earl}' formu- lated definite plans for his future life work, as is evident when we revert to the fact that in 1895 he was matriculated in the Ohio Normal Uni\ersity, at Ada, Ohio, where he continued his studies for one year, at the expiration of which he began the specific work of preparing himself for that profession to which he is now devoting his attention. He began his technical reading upder the preceptorship of Dr. E. O. Bell, of ]\Iapleton. with whom he continued his studies for two years, after which he entered the Ohio Medical University, in Columbus, where he completed the prescribed course and was graduated on the 15th of April, 1902, re- ceiving his coveted degree of Doctor of INIedi- cine. Thoroughly fortified for the work of his chosen ]:)rofession. Dr. Folk located in Can- ton in the following June, establishing an office and entering upon the practice of medicine and surgery under favorable auspices, for his gra- cious personality, and unmistakable ability have gained to him a representative support and he is rapidly building up a large and gratifying practice and enjoys the confidence and esteem CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 4/1 of all. He is a member of the Ohio State Medi- cal Society and also the county organization, and through these connections and his constant study and investigation he keeps constantly abreast of the advances made in the sciences to which he is devoting his life, being thoroughly en rapport with his profession and fully appre- ciating the responsibilities and exactions in- volved. In poHtics the Doctor accords alle- giance to the Republican party, and his re- ligious faith is that of the Christian church, in which he was reared. On the 6th of November, 1898, Dr. Folk was united in marriage to Miss Effie C. McCall, daughter of Theodore and Sarah Margaret Mc- Call. and they have one child, Margaret Helen. Mrs. Folk was born in Stark county, and her father is one of the representative citizens of the comnninity, having devoted his life princi- pally to the vocation of horticulturist, owning a fruit farm of one htmdred and sixty acres in Sandy township. CHARLES H. SCHLABACH is a native son of Canton, having been born in the family homestead on South Market street, on the 26th of December, 1867, and being a son of William F. and Anna (Heingartner) Schlabach. the former of whom was born in Plain township, this county, while the latter is a native of Ger- many, whence her parents came to America when she was a child. Isaac Schlabach, grand- father of our subject, was born in Pennsylvania and came of stanch German extraction, the original representative of the name in America having emigrated hither from the Fatherland at an early period in our national history, es- tablishing homes in the state of Pennsylvania, with whose annals the name has been long and honorably linked. In the old Keystone state was born Isaac Schlabach. as was also his wife, wiiose maiden name was Smith, and they be- came numbered among the pioneers of Stark county, having located in Plain township, and having passed the remainder of their lives in the county. Isaac Schlabach was engaged in farming until well advanced in age, when he retired from active labors, taking up his resi- dence in Canton, where he died. He and his wife became the parents of two children, both living at the present time. William F. Schla- bach was reared on the homestead farm in Plain township, and continued to devote his attention to agricultural pursuits for many years, while he and his wife now reside in Canton, he being one of the well-known and highly honored pioneer citizens of Stark county. He rendered valiant service in the Union cause during the war of the Rebellion, having been a member of Company B, One Hundred and Fifteenth Ohio Vohmteer Infantry, and he re- tains a deep interest in his old comrades in arms, exemplifying the same by retaining mem- bership in McKinley Post No. 25, Grand Army of the Repttblic, in Canton. He is a stahvart advocate of the principles and policies of the Republican party and Ixith he and his \\\it are members of the Reformed chtuxh. Charles H. Schlabach was reared to maturi- ty in Canton, where he received his educational discipline in the public .schools, which he con- tinued to attend until he had attained the age of fifteen years, when he initiated his business career. He first became a clerk in the establish- ment of the Canton Pa])er Company, and later "was in turn bookkeeper for the Princess Plow- Company, secretary and treasurer of the Can- ton Steel Roofing Company, and secretary and treasurer of the Diebold Safe and Lock Com- pany, another of the extensive industrial con- cerns of Canton. L'pon the organization of the Canton Savings and 'I'rust Company in Sep- tember. 1902, Mr. Schlabach was elected to the office of cashier, and he has shown marked discrimination and aljility in formulating and systematizing the affairs of the institution and in guiding its policy along progressive but safe- 472 OLD LANDMARKS ly conservative lines. He is a member of the directorate of the bank, and the officers of the same at the present time are as follows : Zebulon W. Davis, president; Jeremiah H. Kenny, vice-president, and Charles H. Schla- bach. secretary and treasurer. The bank is capitalized for one hundred thousand dollars and its stockholders are numbered among the most prominent and substantial citizens of the county. The institution has its well ec|uipped and modern counting rooms in the McKinley hotel block, one of the finest of the newer buildings in the business center, and all de- partments of the enterprise are established and conducted upon a solid basis. In politics Mr. Schlabach exercises his franchise in support of the Republican party and both he and his wife are members of the First Methodist Episcopal church. On the 14th of September, 1892. I\Ir. Schlabach was united in marriage to Miss Katherine Shanafelt, one of Canton's popular young ladies, she having been born in this city and being a daughter of Washington B. Shana- felt, one of our influential citizens, of whom specific mention is made on other pages of this work. Mr. and Mrs. Schlabach have two children. HERMAN C. BLUM.— Mr. "Blum's family history is traceable to the kingdom of Bavaria, Germany, in which countiy his father. John F. Blum, was born on the 22d of Febru- ary, 181 1. He grew to maturity in the town of Waldmore, and was twice married, his second wife, the mother of the subject, having borne the name of Catherine Lindemann. She was born July 29, 1824, in Newhausel, Prussia, the daughter of Philip Lindemann, a member of a very wealthy and highly connected family of that city. F^is father inherited great wealth, but through adverse business ventures finally lost his entire fortune and was almost reduced to the verge of penury, in consequence of which Philip was obliged when quite yovmg to shift for himself. He learned to make spinning \\heels and after working at this trade for some years finally became head forester for the king of Bavaria, a position which earned him con- siderable money. He married in his native land Catherine Behler, and later, at the instance of his only sister Wilhelmina, who came to America in 1828 and settled at Canton, Ohio, was induced to seek his fortune in the new world. Accordingly, he and his family took ship at Havre, France, and, after a long and exceedingly irksome voyage of forty days duration, the)- finally landed at New York city. From there he came via Buffalo, the great lakes and canal to Canton, and soon after his arri\-al here secured employment in the print- ing ofiice of Peter Kauft'man as a type-setter. Subsequently he worked in other printing establishments and when not thus engaged turned his attention to various occupations, having been skillful at almost any kind of handi- craft. Philip Lindemann lived to be a very old nam, dying at the age of eighty-nine. They were members of the German Lutheran church, and in every respect most estimable, upright people. Catherine, their oldest child, and mother of the subject of this sketch, was born in Germany, as were also Christian, who li-\-es in Kansas, and Adam, deceased. Fred- erick, Jacob and John were liorn in the ITniteil .States. Mrs. Catherine Blum was six years old when her parents moved from Prussia to Bavaria. She received the greater part of her education from her father, who was quite a learned man, l)ut after coming to the Laiited States she attended for several years the pub- lic school of Canton, and also private schools. She married Mr. Blum in this country and bore him children as follows: Herman C. : Edith, who was graduated from Canton high school, tauyht for ten vears in the citv schools, and HERMAN C. BLUM. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 473 finished her earthly career when twenty-eight years old ; Charles, who died when a youth of seventeen ; Laura E. ; Emma and Susan, twins, both dying at the age of seven years; and Edward, the youngest, who died in early childhood. Herman C. Blum was born on the 2d of October, 1855, and after acquiring a good edu- cation in the public schools of Canton, he ac- cepted, at the age of fifteen, a clerical position in the office of the First National Bank of this city. At seventeen he entered the employ of C. Aultman & Company, and remained with the firm for twenty-five years, or until his death. From office boy upward to the head of the collection department he worked his way, al- ways with the same unswerving loyalty to his employers and conscientiousness and pains- taking effort in every part of his work. One of his boyhood friends who had risen to a re- sponsible place in the business world said he thought it indeed remarkable that with so many other interests. Mr. Blum was able to accom- plish so much in a purely business line and that if he had given his whole time and attention to this, as do so many of our young men, there was scarcely a limit to what he might have at- tained. But his personal ambitions lay in other directions. While faithfully fulfilling every trust reposed in him by his employers, and per- forming his work with a zeal and fidelity entirely to their satisfaction, his real life work was accomplished in the fragments of time which he could count his own outside of busi- ness hours. From early boyhood he had the pure, unswerving religious faith which was a part of his very being. His mind was deep, thoughtful, powerful, logical ; the combination of mind and soul made an unusual character. It exalted liim above the common plane, and his face glowed with the beauty and strength of his inner soul. No one in his presence failed to be conscious of the nobility and beauty of the man. Slight in stature, physically frail, his presence was ne\ertheless commanding, im- pressive and con\incing. Huml)le as a little child, holding himself as but a feeble instru- ment, his soul was lofty and pvu^e, his great- ness the greatness inexpressible of a noble man. His heart was tender and sympathetic, over- flowing with compassion towards the weak, the unfortunate and little children. He hated evil as he loved the good, instinctively, and yet following the footsteps of his Teacher and Friend, he was only sorrowful for the sinner, yearning to draw him towards the things he himself loved. With such a temperament, his activities turned into the channels most natural for them. As a bo}- and a young man he had felt his own needs and cravings, and could ap- preciate most fully what a banding together of young men mto a social, mental, moral and spiritual union might mean for the formation and development of character, its uplifting and upbuilding, by means which at the same time satisfied a normal craving for companionship, an outlet for animal spirits in sports and games, a spiritual environment released from the sexere formalities wliich sometimes accom- pany it. An elder in the First Presbyterian church for many years, a Bible student and teacher, prominent in the young people's society, and in every interest connected with the church, temporal as well as spiritual, yet buoyant with the springs of youth which years could never Cjuench, he was, perhaps, best fitted among all his associates for inspiring- an interest in the Young Men's Christian Association. From its very inception his was the strong moving spirit, and to the day of his death, through dis- couragements that would have appalled a less brave, less faithful soul, the welfare of the Young- Men's Christian Association was most precious to him. Only those most closely as- sociated with him. perhaps not even all of them, ever realized the extent of his labors and the nature of his sacrifices for this insti- 474 OLD LANDMARKS tution. From his own limited means he gave with a hberahty that often meant a sacrifice of personal necessities, and because of its needs he overcame natural sensitiveness and ap- proached many, asking for contributions which were never refused him. Of his time and thought he gave without stint, without measure. No sacrifice was a sacrifice to him that in any way counted for good to his beloved associ- ation. Position and honors he shunned where possible, and when made jiresident of the insti- tution, he only felt it an added responsibilhy, made the greater sacrifices and assumed the greater burdens. W'hen the new building lor w iiicli he had worked so hard was finally a reality instead of only a dream, he said to those \\\x\\ whom his intimacy was closest, "I would like ihat to be my monument." Yet his zeal was only liecause of his deep interest in the sa\ing of young men, and his beloved associ- ation was a means to that end. By every safe- guard he would protect and defend them e\en against themselves. Thus he began to fight the saloons and the gambling houses and the kin- dred evils, seeking their downfall, and identi- fied himself with the Law and Order League. His work in this capacity was the hardest, be- cause the most distasteful he ever did. JNIuch of it was single handed and alone. He was discouraged because of indift'erence of friends as well as alertness of foes. He made enemies, and his sensitiveness felt this keenh'. He was caricatured and derided in the newspapers, and those on whom he had counted for assistance failed him. h'inancial drains upon him made the work still more difficult, but, faithful to his trust, the protection and salvation of young men, he never faltered in his course, and death found liim faithful. And towards the same end was his work in connection with the People's Lecture Course, a permanent institu- tion of Canton. This was almost entirely his inception and the result of his personal efforts. Thousands who have attended these lectures and entertainments have been given pleasure, inspiration and encouragement, and it was a source of gratification to him that many whose limited means prevented opportunities for culture of this character, were thus given ad- vantages in this direction and thoroughly ap- preciated them. Mr. Blum was married, in 1891. to Mi-ss Minnie C. Palmer, and died six years later. As a friend, a son. a brother, a husband, he ^\■as fidelitv. tenderness and truest affection. All respected him. but his friends and those most closely associated with him knew him as the best and truest and manliest •of men, and those whose ties were closest and who knew him in the most intimate relation- ship, felt, reverently, that as a follower of Christ he did not "follow afar off", but so near, indeed, that his face caught the very shining and his life the veiy perfectncss of the Master. Li this connection it is proper to give in brief outline something of the life and charac- ter of Laura E. Blum, a sister of Herman C, who has been identified with the public scliools for a number of years and who has earned dis- tinctive prestige as a teacher, while her stand- ing in the social world is equally worthy and pronounced. Those who know her well, and their name is legion, testify to her sterling worth of head and heart, and man}- young men and women of this city and elsew here attribute to her faithful instruction and gentle hut firm guidance much of their success in life. Peculiarly gifted in her chosen field of labor, possessing superior education and wide culture, she lives to noble purposes and enjoys life as one can whose abilities are unselfishly conse- crated to the work of making the world in- tellectuallv and morally better. Slie was born in the old hdmc which stood on the site oc- cupied by the present dwelling. No. 409 West Fifth street. Canton, and has always lived in the citv of her birth. When six vears of age. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 475 she entered tlie public schools, and at the age of sixteen was graduated from the high school, being one of the youngest alumni of that insti- tution. One year later she began her work as a teacher, and since that time has taught in various schools in the city, all of her work being eminently satisfactory. Miss Blum long ago learned the valualile lesson that confidence begets trust. Realizing this fact, she seeks by gentleness and kindness to gain the good will and love of her pupils, and these once secured, the result is a matter of easy prophecy. In addition to her work in the secular scho(.ils. i\liss Blum has a large class of young peoi)le in the Sunday school in connection with the l'"irst Presbyterian church. Her services in this capacity are duly recognized and ap- preciated. Deeply interested in religious work, she exerts a strong influence for good over the lives of the young people with whom she is associated. Miss Blurn is as well liked in social life as she is popular in educational and religious circles, but time to her is a sacred trust, and as such she uses it, primarily for her own mental and spiritual improvement, but in a wider and nobler sense, for those with whom she is associated. Her life has been fruitful of much good, and her personality, winning and faithful as friend and daughter and in ever}' relationship in life, has won her a high place in tlie circle in which she moves. PROF. GEORGE W. YOHE.— The rec- ord of a busy life is found in tlie history of the distinguished educator and prominent citizen whose name furnishes the caption of this re- view. Prof. George W. Yohe, principal of tlie AVest North school of Canton, is a worthy rep- resentative of tAvo very old families of Stark county, tracing his lineage on the father's side to German origin and on the mother's side to English ancestry. The history of the Yohes in America dates from the colonial period, the first of the name to leave Baden being the Pro- fessor's great-grandfather, Michael Yohe, who settled in Northumberland county, Pennsyl- vania, as early as the year 1757. When the war against the mother country broke out he joined the American army and did valiant ser- vice in the cause of liberty and it is a matter of record that he served with the force under General Washington that was afterwards sent to Pennsylvania to quell what is known as the Whiskey Rebellion. Being pleased with the country in which that insurrection took place, he finally moved his family there and spent the remainder of his life in Monongahela City. Michael Yohe reared a large family, among his children being a son by the name of Michael, who was born and reared 'in the state of Penn- sylvania. As long ago as 1810 Michael Yohe, Jr., traversed the wilderness of eastern Ohio and being fa\orably impressed with certain lands in Stark county entered section thirty-six in what is now Canton township, and section thirty-one in the township of Osnaburg. Four- teen years later he moved his family to his land in the latter section, making the journey from Pennsylvania in tlie old fashioned Cones- toga wagon, cutting a road part of the way through the dense wilderness of this county in order to reach his destination. He was one of the early permanent settlers in Osnaburg, there being but a few rude cabins scattered here and there at the time of his advent. For a number of years he lived remote from neighbors and his family shared the hardships and dangers for which the pioneer period of eastern Ohio was noted. The patents for the lands entered by Mr. Yohe bear the signatures of President James Madison, and on the tract in Osnaburg township his death occurred aliout the year 1832. The wife of Michael Yohe, Jr., was born in Northumberland county, Pennsylvania, and before her marriage bore the name of Cath- erine Sickman; she survived her husband about twenty-nine years, departing this life in 1861. 476 OLD LANDMARKS They had children as follows : Peter, a farmer of Stark county, died a number of years ago; Barnett died in this county in 1865; William, father of the subject; Philip, who went to Illi- nois in an early day, and died in that state about the year 1893; Maria married William Flick- inger and died in Canton township; Margaret, wife of David Smith, of North Manchester, Indiana, and Mrs. Catherine Skelton, who de- parted this life in the state of Illinois, Mrs. Smith being the only one living. William Yohe, the third of the above chil- dren, was born in Alonongahela City, Penn- sylvania, in 1816, and when eight years old was brought by his parents to Stark county. With the exception of six weeks" attendance at school in his nati\e place, be enjoyed no educational advantages worthy of mention, his early life being a continuous round of hard work, clear- ing land and cultivating the farm. He was a youth of sixteen when his father died and from that time on much of the responsibility of sup- porting the faniil)- rested upon his shoulders. He took charge of the home place and like a dutiful son soon looked carefully after his mother's interest, and ministered to her com- fort as long as she lived, meantime bringing the farm to a high state of cultivation, and earn- ing the reputation of an enterprising and pro- gressive man of afl'airs. Durmg the late Civil war he manifested a truly patriotic spirit and while not able to go to the front himself, used his inHuence to induce young- men to enlist. He cast his first presidential vote for General William Henry Harrison, and when the old Whig party ceased to exist became a pro- nounced Republican and as such continued to the end of his life. He was a sincere Chris- tian and for many years gave liberally of his means to the support of the Methodist Episco- pal church, of which he was a faithful and zeal- ous member. Miss Phoebe Wilson, who be- came the wife of \Villiam Yohe, was born in Osnaburg township. Stark county. Ohio, in the year 1819, her parents being among the earliest comers to this part of the state. The arrival of the Wilson family antedated by some years that of the Yohes and, like the latter, they also came from Pennsylvania. Mrs. Yohe's parents, in company with .JNIichael Ing- ler and family, left their home in Washington county, Pennsylvania, some time prior to 1819, and after a long and tiresome journey, not en- tirely devoid of danger from Indians and other causes, finally arrived at their destination in the wilderness of what is now Osnaburi'- town- ship. Mrs. Yohe literally grew up in the woods and experienced her share of the vicis- situdes of pioneer life. She became familiar with the homefy virtues of those early days and her whole life was a grand, simple poem of rugged, toilsome duty, faithfully and uncom- plainingly done. She was a fit companion and helpmate to her husband, contributed much to bis success in material things and, animated by the same religious faith, cheered him along life's journey until he was called to the other world. She survived him about six years, dy- ing in the month of March, 1901. The marriage of William Yohe and Pin lelie Yohe was blessed with nine children, namely : Catherine, now Mrs. George Ridgeby, of Xorth Manchester, Indiana; Douglass W., who died in 1 861 ; Harriett, wife of Alexander Waddell, of Pluntington, Indiana; Prof. George W. ; Hiram, who died in Stark county in the year 1887; Ellen died in 1888, unmarried; Lavina married John Maple and died in 1893; James T., a resident of Osnaburg township, and Flo- rence, wife of J. C. Sycafoos, of Stark county. Prof. George W. Yohe was born on the old homestead in Osnaburg townshij). Stark coun- ty, Ohio, September 12, 1847. O^ l^'s child- hood and youth it is not necessary to make specific note as they were in the main pretty much like those of the majority of country- boys, therefore devoid of any e\ent of especial interest. As he grew to the years of young CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 477 manhood he became practically acquainted with the various phases of farm labor and in the dis- trict schools received his first instruction in the mysteries of books. After completing the ele- mentary branches, he entered Mt. Union Col- lege, from which institution he was graduated with the class of 1870, meanwhile beginning his career as an educator by teaching three terms in the public schools of his native county. The year following his graduation Prof. Yohe taught in the high school at New Lisbon, Columbiana county, and for the same length of time was principal of the high school at Navarre. Resigning his position at the latter place, he accepted the principalship of the A\'aynesi)urg high school, where he labored successfully for a period of five years, at the expiration of which time he was induced to take charge of a special department in the Central school of Canton. Prof. Yohe began his labors in this city in 1878 and with the exception of four years has been closely identified with the public schools ever since, achieving the mean- time worthy distinction as an able and popu- lar educator. In 1890 he retired temporarily from his chosen calling and built a hotel which bears his name, and the following year was elected to the office of city clerk. Prior to the above date he had been appointed school ex- aminer, but the law specifically stating that no person can hold two offices at the same time, he resigned the clerkship at the end of four months feeling it his duty to continue his services as examiner. Prof. Yohe held the latter position nine years and during his incumbency did much to advance the standard of teaching by licensing only those whose scholarship and professional attainments entitled them to places in the schools. In 1892-3 he was principal of the Louisville schools and the following year re- turned to Canton and accepted the principal- ship of the West North school, which position he still holds. During his vacation Prof. Yohe devotes considerable time to the real-estate business, in which, as in his chosen field of en- deavor, his success has been most encouraging. As a teacher he easily ranks with the most pro- gressive men of the profession in the state and as a manager of schools he had long stood in the front rank of his contemporaries. A man of high intellectuality, broad scholarship and superior professional training, his work in Can- ton and elsewhere has been eminently satis- factory and the opinion prevails that in mental discipline and in all that enters into the make- up of the well equipped, thoroughly up-to-date educator, he has few equals and no superiors in this part of the state. Not content to re- ceive his authority year by year from superin- tendents and local examiners, as the manner of the majority is, the Professor, in 1880, re- ceived from the state board of education a life license, one of the very few instruments of the kind in the possession of Stark county teachers. He is identified with the various educational associations of the city, county and state, and while attending their sessions is no passive spectator, but rather an active participant, tak- ing a leadmg part m the discussions and de- liberations, his prominence and protracted ser- vice as a school man giving weight and in- fluence to his opinions. Like the majority of enterprising men, Prof. Yohe belongs to the Masonic fraternity and in his relations with his brethren and fellow citizens endeavors to square his life in harmony with the beautiful and sublime precepts of this time-honored or- der. In politics he has been an earnest sup- porter of the Republican party ever since old enough to wield the elective franchise, but he has little sympathy and no use whatever for the wiles and methods of the professional par- tisan. He is a broad-minded man and has made a careful study of political, social, eco- nomic and kindred subjects, to the end that he may intelligently, and as becomes a true Ameri- can, discharge the duties of citizenship. On the 3rd of July. 1873, in the city of 478 OLD LANDMARKS Steubenville, Ohio, Prof. Yohe was united in marriage with Miss Mary Gassett, of that IDlace, a union terminated by the death of the wife in 1882, after she had borne him three cliildren, namely: \MlHam S., of Canton; John \V., of New York, and NelHe, who hves with her father. DOMINIC TYLER.— The hneage of Mr. Tyler traces back to Swiss extraction, and from, the fair land of Switzerland his ancestors in the direct line emigrated to Thann, in the province of Alsace, France, in the year 1662. For many generations the family name has been identified with the weaving and dying of woolen goods, in which line a high reputation was long main- tained in that French province, which is now a portion of the German empire. Jacob Tyler, grandfather of the subject, was born and reared in Alsace, where he passed his entire life, and there he successfully operated a woolen mill, the products of which he took, twice each week, to the city of Muhlhouse, a place noted the world over for its fine fabrics. In Alsace, Jacob Tyler was united in marriage to Miss Catherine Cul)er, who likewise died in that place. They were the parents of three children, namely : Jacob, who served for a period of ten years in Napoleon's army, taking part in the Russian campaign and being present at the burning of Moscow, returned with the army and later took part in the liattles of Dresden and Leipsic, receiving his discharge in 18 14. after Napoleon's exile to St. Helena, and he died within a year afterward ; Mary married in Alsace, and there passed the remainder of her life, and Joseph, who was the second in ortler of birth, was the father of our subject. Joseph Tyler was born in Thann, Alsace, France, in the year 1789. and there learned the trade of weaving under the direction of his father, and after the retirement of the latter he continued the operation of the mill for a num- ber of years, his educational discipline ha\ing been received in the schools of his native prov- ince. In 1824 he was united in marriage to Miss Theresa Stucker, who was born in a village located two miles distant from Thann, and in 1836. accompanied by his family, lsh\ Tyler emigrated to America, having embarked at Havre, on the sailing vessel "Natchez," and having arrived in the port of New Y'ork after a voyage of thirty-two days. From the national metropolis the family came to Canton with as much expedition as possible under t'le primi- tive methods of transportation then in vogue. From Albany they proceeded by canal to Buf- falo, where they embarked on a steamer and came to Cleveland, via Lake Erie, and from the Forest City they proceeded by canal boat to Massillon, Stark county, and thence by wagon to their destination in Canton, where they arrived in the latter part of September, 1836. Here for a time Joseph Tyler was employed in the fulling mill of Jacob Sprankle, and when the property was finally sold he engaged in con- tracting in mason work, in which he was a capable artisan, and he thereafter was success- fully engaged in business along this line until his final retirement, his death occurring on the 19th of April, 1869, in his home, at the corner of Cleveland avenue and Second street. His devoted wife survived him by about a decade, her death occurring on the 20th of No\-ember, 1879, at the age of seventy-nine years and eleven months. Both were communicants of the Catholic church, in which faith they reared their children. They stood exponent of the utmost integrity of character, were folk of broad mental ken, and held the unequivocal confidence and regard of all who came within the sphere of their gracious influence. Joseph Tyler was a stanch Democrat in his political proclivities, and ever maintained a lively and intelligent interest in the questions and issues of the day. Of the children of Joseph and Theresa Ty- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 479 ler we offer brief record, as follows : Catherine, who became the wife of a Mr. Thierry, died in Canton; Joseph removed to the state of Michigan, where his death occurred; Theresa, who became the wife of John Wernet, likewise died in Canton ; Dominic, the subject of this re- view, was the next in order of birth and the youngest of the children, all of whom were born in France. In the town of Thann, province of Alsace, France, on the 31st of January, 1820, Dominic Tyler was born, and he was but six years of age at the time of his parents' emigration to America. He secured his preliminary edu- cation in the modest schools of the city of Canton, which was at that time but a village, and supplemented this training by a course of study in a private German school, taught by George Hekl, while he also was for a time a student in the academy conducted by Isaac Hartmann, the same having been located on the site of the present Union school building. At the age of fourteen years he began an ap- prenticeship at the drug business, entering the establishment of C. C. A. Witting, one of the pioneer business men of Canton, and continu- ing in his employ until 1848. Within this time the subject had acquired a good technical and practical knowledge of pharmacy, and after leaving Mr. Witting he went to the city of Cincinnati, where he was employed in a drug- store for the ensuing three years. He then went to Newport, Kentucky, where he engagetl in the drug business on his own responsibility. The enterprise proved very successful and Mr. Ty- ler accumulated sufficient to be in a position of indejaendence at the time when he closed out the business, in the autumn of 1862, when he returned to his old home in Canton. In Mav of that same year he had enlisted as a member of the Forty-second Kentucky Volunteers, the regiment being organized for state defense and and being at that time the only organized body of soldiers between the citv of Cincinnati and the headquarters of tiie Confederate general, Kirby Smith, who finally retreated. On several occasions the command was called out to re- pulse Morgan, the famous raider, but never en- gaged in battle. Air. Tyler received his dis- charge in November, 1862, at which time he secured a permit to come to Canton. As early as 1857 Mr. Tyler had purchased a tract of two hundred acres of valuable land in Canton township, and the same now adjoins the city limits on the south, a fact which implies that its appreciation in value naturally was marked as the city advanced toward metropoli- tan proportions. He continued to hold this valuable estate in his possession until 1898, when he sold the property, the farm having been operated under his supervision during the intervening years, while he had made the best of improvements on the same. In the mean- time he resided in a commodious and attractive residence which he had erected at the corner of South Market and Williams streets, and later resided on North Cleveland avenue, his present home. For a period of fifteen years Mr. Tyler was a stockholder of the Diebold Safe Works. one of the principal industrial concerns of the city, having closed out his interest in the same in 1896. Since disposing of his farm he has li\'ed retired, but he finds in the golden evening of his days a demand for his time and attention in looking after his \*arious real estate and cap- italistic interests, for he has not been denied the due rewards of his efforts and is one of the well-to-do citizens of Canton, where he has for so many years maintained his home, being known as a man of marked business tact and sagacity and as one who has never infringed in the slightest degree the high ethical princi- ples which make for strong and noble manhood, so that to him has ever lieen granted the un- qualified esteem of all with whom he has come in contact in the various relations of life. In politics he has long been arrayed in the ranks of the Republican party, though his first presi- 48o OLD LANDMARKS dential vote was cast in support of Buchanan. He has not been an extreme partisan, and in local affairs, where no national issue was in- volved, he has shown an independent attitude and has voted for the men whom he considered most worthy and eligible for otTice. In Newport. Kentucky, in i860, Mr. Tyler was united in marriage to Ivliss Catherine Leftonville, a daughter of Elijah Leftonville, an honored citizen of that place, whither he re- moved from Virginia in the pioneer days, there passing the residue of his life. Mr. and Mrs. Tyler have but one child, Mary Theresa, who is the wife of William J. Piero, who is engaged in the law business in Canton, being one of the representative citizens of that place. JOSEPH MEYER was born in the city of Baltimore, Maryland, about the year 181 5. and in 1818 his parents came westward and took up their residence in Stark county, Ohio, where his father took up a tract of wild land, which he eventually reclaimed to a large extent, placing the land under effective cultivation. It is needless to siieak in detail of the arduous toil involved in the connection, for the tales of the pioneer epoch have been often told and the hardships and privations which the early set- tlers were compelled to undergo have been the sul))ect of narration, though later generations' can scarce realize how much was implied in thus carrying forward the march of civilization. Joseph grew to maturity on the pioneer farm, and early began to assist in the work of re- claiming the land and preparing it for the plow- share, by which it has now been furrowed and re-furrowed lor years, bearing slight resem- blance to the sylvan wild which was in evidence when his parents took up their abode. His educational advantages were perforce of lim- ited scope, being such as were to be had in a desultory attendance in the little log school- house, with its slab benches, puncheon floors and yawning fireplace, but for these primitive institutions no apology needs be made, for from them have been "graduated" many of the most eminent men of our great republic; in them was oft begotten the sturdy self-reliance and indomitable perseverance which led to greater things, and it is the glory of our nation that its sons have been and are able to rise from lowly position through their own efforts and to become important factors in the public, civic and industrial life of the republic. Mr. Meyer continued to devote his attention to the great basic art of agriculture, eventually purchasing and improving land of his own and becoming a successful and prosperous farmer of Canton township. A portion of the land which he there acquired is now in the possession of his son and is one of the line farms of the county. In 1846 Mr. Meyer was united in mar- riage to Miss Catherine Meyer, a cousin, and a native of Baltimore, Maryland, where their marriage was solemnized. Shortly afterward he returned to Stark county, in company with his bride, and here they continued to reside until the death of Mr. Meyer, which occurred on the nth of July, 1869. During the later years of his life he resided in Canton, and here his widow has ever since maintained her home, being now venerable in years and being honored as one of the pioneer women of the county and as one whose life h^is been animated by the noblest principles and by the deepest human sympathy, so that she has ever retained the friendship of all who have come within the sphere of her gracious influence. Mr. Mey- er was a Democrat in politics and was a com- municant of St. John's Catholic church, ever taking- a deep interest in its spiritual and tem- poral affairs, as has also his widow, who is like- wise a devoted member of the church. Mrs. ?kleyer was Ixirn in the parental home- stead, on High street, in the city of Baltimore, Maryland, on the 30th of December, 1824, and was there reared and educated, having the best ^^A / c^^ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 481 aehantages afforded in the church and private schools of the day, there having" heen no pnhhc school system in that period. She is a daugh- ter of Godfrey and Catherine (Isers) Meyer, the former of whom was born in Baden, Ger- many, whence, as a young man, he emigrated to America, being accompanied by his brother, .Andrew, both locating in Baltimore, where they became successful business men. Two other brothers. Col. Francis and Ignatius, came to America somewhat later, and the latter of the two came to Canton in an early day and was one of the pioneer teachers of this section of the state, having been a man of fine presence and high scholastic attainments. He died in this city, honored by all who knew him. God- frey and Andrew Meyer were for many years in the brass foundry business in Baltimore, and there the former died in 1848, his wife passing away in 1844. Of their seven children, the wife of the subject of this memoir is the only sur- vivor. Joseph anil Catherine (Meyer) Meyer be- came the parents of five children, namely : Elizabeth O., who is the wife of John F. Blake, of Canton; Edward J., a successful farmer of Canton township; George W., of Canton; Catherine C, who remains with her mother in the homestead; and Henry C, who died in 1894. The family are members of St. John's Catholic church and all of the children have proved an honor to their worthy parents. CAPTAIN RICHARD B. CRAWFORD. — Distinguished as a soldier and civilian and filling worthily high official positions, few men in Massillon have so stamped the impress of their individuality upon the community as has Capt. R. B. Crawford, a veteran of the late Civil war. and late a commissioner of Stark county. Captain CrawtVird's native land is the beau- tiful but unfortunate Emerald Isle, a domain 30 hallowed by story, song and historical asso- ciation, but, under the oppressive rule of Britian, kept from assuming its proper place among the nations of the earth. He was born on the 30th day of October, 1834, in county Fermanagh, the son of Michael and Ann Craw- ford, both natives of the same part of the coun- try, as were their ancestors before them, Michael was the son of George Crawford, who li\ed and died in his native country, and Mrs. Crawford was a daughter of Richard Bracken, long a prominent citizen of county Fermanaglv and for a number of years its treasurer. Tlie subject's father died in Ireland and there sleeps with his ancestors ; the mother departed this life in England and lies buried in the cemetery at St. Helens. The childhood and early youth of Captain Crawford were spent amid the quiet beauty of his native place and he remained there until about sixteen years old. Some years previous one of his uncles emigrated to America and re- turning to Ireland on a visit, detailed to the lad the many advantages which the land beyond the sea afforded young men with any ambition to rise in life. By this and other persuasive arguments he induced the boy to accompany him lo the United States, a movement which radically changed the entire course of the lat- ter's life. Young Crawford and his relative arrived at the former's home in Carroll county, Ohio, on a Saturday night, and the following ]\londay the boy started to school under con- ditions to which he was a stranger, but to which, with his native vivacity and aptitude in taking advantage of circumstances, he soon adapted himself. He continued to attend the public schools, preparatory to taking a course in pharmacy. By reason of ill health he was obliged to forego his desire to become a drug- gist, but when sufficiently recovered he came to Massillon and apprenticed himself to learn the trade of carpentry. After serving his time and becoming efficient in his chosen calling he 45: OLD LANDMARKS found work at remunerative wages in this city and continued liis trade with success and profit until the firing on h'ort Sumter disarranged his plans and effectually changed the nature of his employment. Mr. Crawford was among the first of Stark county's loyal young men to respond to the President's call for volunteers. In 1862 he enlisted in Company A, Thirteenth Ohio Infantry, entering the service as a pri- vate, but six days later was made second lieu- tenant and as such discharged his duties until promoted first lieutenant in the summer of 1863, but was in command of his company from January i, 1863, until they were mustered out in 1864, at the expiration of their term of service. He served with distinguished gal- lantry until wounded almost to the death, when he was obliged to retire from the scene of con- flict. Captain Crawford was with his com- mand in all the campaigns and hard-fought battles in which it took part and under all cir- cumstances proved himself a brave and intrepid .but cool and collected officer. He participated in many noted engagements, his regiment being part of the famous "Fighting Westerners," the Army of the Cumberland, that took such a promment part at Shiloh, Corinth, Stone River, Liberty Gap, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, and the numerous engagements inci- dent to the Atlanta campaign. At Missionary Ridge he commanded the consolidated compan- ies A and F of his regiment and his fearless conduct in the face of danger, leading his com- mand up the ridge at Signal Hill, inspired his men with renewed zeal and valor in the gal- lant charge that made that battle forever mem- orable and added greater laurels to themselves. The distinguished honor of planting the first Federal colors on the ridge, as seen from Gen- erals Grant and Thomas's positions at Orchard Knob, belongs to his regiment, as verified by documents now in his possession, bearing the signature of that and great and good man, General George H. Thomas. The subject was among the first over the Confederate works, at the side of his orderly sergeant, Daniel Ritter, of Massillon, who was the first man over the enemy's works, the latter being killed at the side of Color Sergeant J. G. Lloyd. Both these heroes now lie in the national cemetery at Chattanooga. Captain Crawford was with the force sent to the relief of General Burnsidc at Knoxville and later took part in the battles of Louden, Kingston, Dandridge and Blaine's Cross Roads, re-enlisting at the last named place. He also shared with his comrades all the honors of war in the Atlanta campaign, and received a severe gunshot wound in the right leg at the battle of Pickett's Mills. He lay for some time unable to move and while in this helpless condition a Confederate regiment charged over his body, much to his discomfort and danger. At the battle of Stone River he was severely wounded in the chest but in due time recovered from the injury. He was with his command through all its varied expe- riences, except while in the hospital or on de- tached duty, but after receiving his wound at Pickett's Mills was no longer fit for active ser- vice. He was discharged in June, 1864, at Chattanooga, Tennessee, having earned a repu- tation for bravery and gallantry of which any soldier might well feel proud. Recently Captain Crawford was appointed by (Governor Nash a member of the commis- sion to locate and mark the positions of the Ohio regiments at the battle of Mission Ridge, and to select and erect a suitable monument to Ohio's heroes who fell during this engagement, only those who took part in the battle being eligible to such service. The commission visited the battle field in the fall of IQ02 and performed the duty assigned in a praiseworthy manner, the occasion bringing vividly to mind the terrible conflict in which the members took part so many years ago. At the close of the war Captain Crawford engaged in the manufacture of sash, doors, CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 483 building material, etc., buying out the estab- lishment owned and operated by the gentleman with whom he formerly learned his trade. The enterprise proved financially successful and un- der his able management the business prospered until 1873, when the entire establishment was destroyed by fire. As soon as possible there- after a company was organized under the firm name of the Massillon Contracting and Build- ing Company, of which the Captain became general manager. The shops were rebuilt upon a much larger scale than formerly and the business increased greatly, the establishment eventually becoming the leading enterprise of the kind in the city. Captain Crawford con- tinued to manage the company's affairs until appointed by President Arthur postmaster of Massillon, when he sold out his interest in the business so as to give his entire time to the duties of the office. He proved an able and obliging public servant, discharging his official functions with credit to himself and satisfac- tion to the people for a period of four years and two months, at the expiration of which time he turned his attention to other matters. The Captain has long been an influential factor in local politics and for a number of years has been one of the trusted leaders of the Republi- can party in Stark county. He has done much to promote the interest of the party and not a little of its success in city, county, state and national campaigns has been due to his wise counsel and judicious leadership. In the year 1887 he made the race for sheriff, and no doubt was fairly and honestly elected but by reason of a technicality was counted out by thirty-seven votes. Shortly after this he was appointed assistant sergeant at arms of the Ohio state senate, in which capacity he served until 1895. when he resigned, although importuned by the members of that body to continue in the posi- tion. In 1895 Captain Crawford was elected to the important and responsible office of county commissioner, a position for which his sound judgTnent and excellent business training pe- culiarly fitted him. So well did he discharge his duties as custodian of the people's most vital interests that he was chosen his own suc- cessor in 1898, and continued in the ofiice until the expiration of his second term in September, 1902. During the administration of the board of which he was a member much important business was transacted and a number of pub- lic improvements inaugurated and carried to successful completion. Not the least among the various enterprises projected was the letting of tlie contract for a woman's building at the county infirmary, to cost the sum of forty-six thousand dollars, the credit for which is largely due the efforts of the Captain, who especially championed the measure. Captain Crawford is a wide-awake, progres- sive man of fine business abilities and has suc- ceeded well in whatever he has undertaken. In the broadest and best sense of -the term, he is a self-made man ; coming to this country a poor boy and obliged to rely entirely upon his own efforts for advancement, he went about the mat- ter with a will and the position which he today occupies in the world of affairs is the legitimate result of wisely directed energy, supplemented by correct principles and integrity that has ever been above reproach. In the main he has been successful in temporal things, owning a beautiful home on East Main street, not far from the business center of the city, besides other city property. He is a zealous member of the Loyal Legion and the Grand Army of the Republic, and maintains an active interest in everything relating to the old soldiers. He has also been identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows since 1856. Captain Crawford has been twice married, the first time on the 21st of October, 1858. to Miss Margaret Jane Clark, a beautiful and ac- complished lady born in Stark county. Ohio, the daughter of James and Margaret Clark. 484 OLD LANDMARKS Her father was a native of Ireland. Slie Ijore her hus1)and one daughter, Ella J., and died August 19. 1862. The Captain's second mar- riage was solemnized on the 13th day of No- vember. 1866. with Eliza, daughter of John and Mary W'ertzbaugher. a union blessed w ith five children : George Thomas is secretary of the Tuxtepec Development Company, of Colum- bus, Ohio: Richard B.. Jr.. is conducting a life and fire insurance agency in this city and doing a prosperous business : John M. is connected wnh the Standard Horseshoe Nail Company of New Brighton, Pennsylvania; W. Harry, a graduate of the law department of the Ohio State University, is assistant secretary of the Diebold Safe and Lock Works, Canton, Ohio ; and .Mary A., a young lady of superior intel- lectual attainments and culture, departed this life on the 26th of March. 1898, in her seven- teenth year. LEONARD BETZ.-- -Unfortunately there is available at the present time but little specific information concerning the ancestry of the sub- ject, for botn his parents died when he was a mere child and he had never secured any defi- nite genealogical record in his later years. Leonard Betz was of German lineage, as the name clearly indicates, and the original Ameri- can representatives of the family took up their abode in Pennsyhania in_ the early colonial epoch. Leonard was born in Northumberland county, that state, on the 28th of December. 1828, being a son of Henry Betz, who was un- doubtedly a native of the Keystone state, where he was reared to maturity and where he was married, the maiden name of his wife having been Long. Henry Betz went forth as a sol- dier in the war of 181 2, and it is certain 1>e- yond peradventure that he met his death while thus serving his country, and while he was thus absent, and -Aithin a short time after leaving his home, his wife ga\'e l)irth to their son. Leon- ard, who was never seen i)y his father, and who was soon left to the care of his widowed muther. She returned to the home of her pareiUs after the death of her husband, and when the sub- ject of this memoir was a lad of seven years she assigned him to the charge of a Mr. Dod- ridge, in whose home Mr. Betz was reared, his foster father having been a valiant soldier in the war of the Revolution. He was the own- er of a good farm, located about seven miles distant from Allentown, Lehigh county, and there young Betz earh' became familiar with the strenuous work of agriculture, working assiduously and availing himself of the some- what primitive educational advantages which were afforded him in the common schools of the locality. He had an alert mentality and a retentive memory and was thus able to profit by these opportunities to a greater degree than the average farmer boy of the locality and pe- riod. When he was twelve years old his moth- er, died, and he thereafter continued with ]\Ir. Dodridge until tlie death of the old gentleman, who was a tailor bv trade and who devoted more or less attention to work in this line, in connection with the operation of his farm. Thus Mr. Betz was enabled tn partially learn the trade under the direction of his kind old master, and later he practically completed an apprenticeship at the trade and became a skilled workman. He followed this vocation as a ji>in"neynian ni TVnnsyl\-ania for a numl)er of years, and while thus engaged he was married, in the town of Longswamp. Lehigh county, on the T3th of October. 1833, to Miss Elizabeth Steffy. They soon afterward took up their residence in Berks county, and after an interval removed thence to Adanistown, Lancaster county, ^^■herc they maintained their home for a period of nine years. Mr. Betz being there suc- cessfully engaged in the work of his trade. His health finally became so seriously impaired that he was compelled to abandon his trade for a time, and for a few vears he conducted a LEONARD BETZ. ,i\j ^- ^,'''j^^^SnM2M\n\ ^ -■'- 1' m mM 1 ^mi!l L w '^^^^^1 ELIZABETH BETZ. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 485 hotel in Aclamstowii. From that place they re- moved to Schaefferstown. Lebanon county, where Mr. Betz conducted a successful busi- ness as a dealer in butter, eggs and other farm produce, continuing in this line of enterprise for about a decade, at the expiration of which, in the fall of 1857, he came with his family to Canton. In the following spring he purchased property at the corner of Cherry and East Tus- carawas streets, and made excellent improve- ments on the house and grounds, so that the home was made a comfortable and attractive one. ^Ir. Betz engaged in the produce busi- ness in the Cassidy block, handling butter, eggs, poultry, etc., on an extensive scale and be- coming one of the leading business men of the town, which then had a population of about one tliousand. After the destruction of the Cassidy buildmg by fire he removed to Pied- mont street, wdiere he continued in the same line of business for a number of years, prac- tically up to the time of his death. He eventu- ally expanded the scope of his enterprise, hand- ling- pro^'isions and later making improvements on his building and there installing a stock of groceries, so that his establistiment represented one of the leading mercantile concerns of the town, while h\ his honorable methods and un- flagging energy he succeeded in building up a profitable enterprise, he ever holding the im- plicit confidence and esteem of all who knew him. In politics Mr. Betz was an uncompro- mising Democrat, but he never sought the honors or emoluments of public ofiice. He was a zealous and consistent member of the Ger- man Evangelical church, and in all the re- lations of life he was true and loyal, ha\ing a high sense of his stewardship and guiding his course according to the highest princi]iles of integrity and honor. He became tlie owner of a good farm in Stephenson county, Illinois, and there he resided for a short time, believ- ing that the out-door life would jirove of bene- fit to his somewhat fragile health. He e\'entu- ally disposed of this property and thereafter resided at his home in Canton until his death, which occurred on the 7th of September, 1869. He was distinctively kn-al to the Union cause during the Rebellion, and at the time of Mor- gan's celebrated raid through Ohio and Indi- ana, when the local excitement was intense, he had in his possession eight horses, which he promptly turned over to the volunteers who set forth in pursuit of the doughty raider. Of the children born to Leonard and Eliza- beth Betz brief record is entered as follows : Caroline, born on the 22d of February. 1835, Ijecame the wife of Israel Meyers, who came here from Pennsylvania, and she died in Can- ton in 1863. They had three children: John Leonard died in infancy, John Henry, now a blacksmith in Canton, and L)-man Eugene, who died when about one year of age. Sarah, born September 20, 1836, was married, in 1859. at Canton, to John Heckman. and they became the parents of two children. Ixith ()f whom are now deceased. Emeline. born September 7. 1838, was first married to F. Ream, by whom she had one child, now ^Irs. Alice Lichten- walter, who is now a widow with two daugh- ters and two sons. She later married Daniel Maser. whom she also survives, and maintains her home in Canton. Henry, who was born on the 7th of April, 1841, went forth in defense of the L'nion as a member of the Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and while in the service was taken ill, being brought to his home by his father. He had previously married Charlotte Glass, and his death occurred in Canton in 1870: he had four children, of whom three are living, Cora, now Mrs. Clark: Laura Betz. and Leonard, who married a ^liss Cassidy, of Canton. George, born on the loth of ^larch. 1843, died in Canton, in 1882, and is survived by his wife (nee Kate Emrick) and two of their chil- dren,, Mary, now Mrs. Eckhart. and Elmer, who married Rosa Deckert. John, born on the 25th of December, 1845, married Sarah 486 OLD LANDMARKS Royer, and lie died in Canton, in 1880. Mai'y Elizabetli. born July i, 1854, was the wife of Gottlieb Eicher, of Canton. She died January 5, 1901. leaving two children, Bertha, who married \\'illiam Schrock, and Leonard, un- married, both residing in Columbus, Ohio. Elizabeth (StefTy) Betz was born in Le- high count}', Pennsylvania, on the 9th of November, 1809, being a daughter of Frederick Steft'y. who was likewise a native of Pennsyl- vania and a representative of one of the early pioneer families of the state, being of German extraction, as the name indicates. His wife, whose maiden name was Polly Smith, was born in the Keystone state, being a daughter of Melchor Smith, and both passed their entire ii\'es in Pennsylvania. The daughter, Eliza- beth, was reared under the conditions of pioneer days, her early educational discipline ha\ing been received in a primitive log school- house, and she was able to attend school about one month in each year, her services being de- manded at home during the greater portion of the time, while she became adept in spinning, knitting and weaving- home-spun cloth, from which the most of the family clothing was manufactured. She still had in her possession at the time of her decease a Ijedspread which was spun and woven by her mother, and it is needless to say that she highly prized this relic of the pioneer days, particularly by reason of its association -with one whose life was one of utmost devotion and self-abnegation. Mrs. Betz had the distinction of being the oldest inhabitant of Cantun at the time of her death, which occurred April i, 1903, and in her ven- erable age her memory remained peculiarly alert and she retained her mental and physicial vigor to a most remarkalile degree. This honored pioneer lady contributed much of the data utilized in the compilation of this sketch and her reminiscences of the early days in Pennsylvania and Ohio were replete with in- terest and shijuld have been recorded fullv in a way not possible in a compilation of this pro\'ince. When young she became a member of the German Reformed church, but after her marriage she identified herself with the Ger- man Evangelical church, of which she ever re- mained a consistent member, having been an active worker in the same until the infirmities of advanced age rendered this impossible. She was a woman of gentle and kindly nature, and, in the golden evening of her long and worthy life, she was sustained and comforted by an unwavering Christian faith and by the love and devotion of her children and a wide circle of friends to whom she had become endeared dur- ing the long years of her r-isidence in Canton. Of Mrs. Sarah Heckman, who co-operated with her mother in supplying the subject matter for this sketch and memoir, it is but consistent that more specific mention be made in these concluding paragraphs. She was born in Lehigh county, Pennsylvania, and was reared to maturity in the old Keystone state, her educational discipline being secured in the schools of Adamstown and of Lebanon county, and during the greater portion of her early years she devoted the major portion of her time to assisting in the household duties of her home. She accompanied her parents on their removal to Canton, in 1847, and here, on the 13th of November, 1859, she was united in marriage to John Heckman, a native of Can- ton, having been born in the parental home- stead at the corner of Cherry and East Tusca- rawas streets, on the 19th of April, 1838, a son of John and Ehzabeth (Houtz) Heckman. the former of whom was born in Chambers- burg, Pennsylvania, whence he made the trip to Ohio on horseback in the early pioneer days, remaining a short time and then returning to Pennsylvania. A few years later he again came to Ohio, and located in Canton, where was solemnized his marriage to Elizabeth Houtz, who was born on the old Houtz farm, a portion of which is now within the city limits CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 487 of Canton, the family having settled here in a very early day. John Heckman, Jr., was reared in Canton, where he had such edu- cational advantages as were afforded by the common schools of the day, and here he learned the trade of chairmaker and painter, to which he devoted his' attention until about 1890. lia\ing been successful in his efforts and being known as one of the worthy and honored citizens of his native place. He is now living re- tired from active business. In politics he ac- cords an unequivocal support to the Republican party. Mr. and Mrs. Heckman had two chil- dren, both of whom are dead, William Alfred and Leonard Harvey, the former dying at the age of fourteen and the latter at the age of six vears. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN RAFF was born in the village of Navarre, Paris township, this county, on the 15th of April, 1837, being a son of William and Mary Raff, who were pioneers of the county and who removed to the city of Canton when he was a child of four years, here passing the residue of their lives. He received his early educational discipline in the Canton schools, the now populous and at- tractive city being then little more tlian a country village, and at the age of sixteen years he here entered upon an apprenticeship at the printer's trade, a discipline which has been con- sistenth- termed equivalent to a liberal educa- tion. He learned the trade under the direction of Archibald McGregor, who was a promi- nent figure in the affairs of the county at that time, and aljout the time of his majority Mr. Raft' made the overland trip to what is now the city of Denver, Colorado, the gold excitement in that state being then at its height, while the locality was on the veritable frontier of civili- zation. In Denver Mr. Raft" associated him- self with anotlier young man in the establish- ment of a newspaper, the same being one of the first to be published in that place, and later he joined his two brothers, William and Daniel, in prospecting for gold in that region, the three locating a number of claims and being fairly successful in their quest for the precious metal. His brother continued to be identified with mining and prospecting for several years, but the subject disposed of his interest in the line and enlisted in a regiment of Colorado cavalry, engaged in battling with the Indians when necessity demanded and also in warding off the attacks of the bands of border ruffians who infested the state at the time. He con- tinued in the miHtary service until the expira- tion of his term of enlistment, after which, in the summer of 1864, he returned to his old home in Canton, where he was married on Christmas day of the following year, shortly after which, in company with his bride, he went to Trenton, New Jersey, and near that city became associated with his two brothers previously mentioned, in th.e milling business, an enterprise with which he continued to be identified for the ensuing five years. At the expiration of this period he disposed of his interests in the mill and re- turned to Canton, where he entered into part- nership with his father-in-law in the same line of business, the firm having one of the finely equipped flouring-mills of this section of the state and building up a large and profitable business. Witii this important industry ]\Ir. Raff continued to be identified until he was summoned from the scene of life's activities, his death occurring on the 17th of March. 1880. He was a man of impregnable integrity, kindly and courteous in all the relations of life, saga- cious and progressive in his business methods and fond of the ideal associations of his home, where the intrinsic nobility of his character shone with its utmost refulgence, cheering and brightening all who came within its genial and grateful iniluence. He was a devoted husband and father, and to those nearest and dearest to him his memory will ex'er rest "like the bene- 488 OLD LANDMARKS diction that follows after prayer." Though without any ])er.sonal ambition in a political way, he was a standi Democrat of the Douglas school and was well fortified in his convictions in this line as in all others. He was baptized in the Lutheran church and continued tO' attend its services throughout his life, his views l^eing in harmony with the tenets of this faith, while his widow has been a devoted member of the church from her youth up. On tile 25th of Decemter, 1865, Mr. Raff was united in marriage to IVIiss Elizabeth Davis, who was born in Chester county, Penn- sylvania, whence her parents removed to the city of Philadelphia when she was a child. In the Ijeautiful old "City of Brotherly Love" she was reared to the age of twelve years, and there she secured her preliminary educational train- ing in select schools and afterward continued her studies in the public schools. When she was twelve years old her parents came to Can- ton, Ohio, and liere she attended a select school taught by Mrs. Saxton, Mrs. McKinley, widow of the late lamented President and loved citizen of Canton, having been one of her schoolmates, while their frienrlship remained inviolate dur- ing all the intervening years. Mrs. Raff is a daughter of Zachias M. and Sarah (Essig) Davis, both of whom are now deceased, the closing years of their lives having been passed in Canton where they held the highest esteem of all who knew them. The father passed awa\' in i8(S7 at the age of seventy years, having long been one of the representative business men of this city, while liis wife was summoned into eternal rest in i8<)3. at' the age of seventy-six years. Of the five children born to Mr. and Mrs. Raff lirief data is as follows: Clara Mabel died at the age of five years ; Herbert, who is engaged as chemist and in construct- ing and operating cemfent mills in various parts of the United States, married Miss Edna Cox and they have two children, Richard D. and Catherine E. : Rav Melville, secretary of the Gold Hill Mining Company, of Canton, resides at the maternal home, as do also the two younger children. Howard Lee and Helen May. The family residence is one of the many attrac- tive homes which grace the city of Canton, is located on Logan avenue and is the center oi, gracious and refined hospitality. JOHN SAWYER MELBOURNE was known as one of the most progressive and ener- getic business men and worthy citizens of Can- ton, where his death occurred on the 13th of April, 1902. He was a native son of tbe fair Emerald Isle, having been born in Mountrath, Queens county, Ireland, on the I4tli of Janu- ary. 1848, a son of Henry and Jane (Sawyer) IMelbourne. both of whom were bom in that same county, of stanch Irish lineage, and there the former passed his entire life, his death oc- curring in Mountrath, in igoo. at the age of seventy-four years. He was a man of promi- nence in that locality, where his interests were of varied nature, since he was engaged in farm- ing and milling and also in the mercantile busi- ness. His widow still lives in ]\Iountrath. hav- ing attained the age of seventy-four years, and there also reside her two daughters. Mesdames Lizzie Kerr and Jane Ellis. John S. Melbourne was reared in his native county, receiving his educational discipline in the schools of Mount- rath. while as a voutli he aided his father in the work of the farm and mill, gaining excel- lent ideas in regard to practical business methods. In 1869. upon attaining his legal majority, he set forth to seek his fortunes in .\nierica. where he felt convinced he would find superior advantages for the gaining of, definite success through individual efforts. He sailed from Oueenstown and in due course of time laufled in New York city, where he re- mained onI\- a short time, coming thence directly to Canton, for the jiurpose of joining his cousin, John ^Meredith, through whose Kpti^' CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 489 solicilation and advice he had been induced to come to the United States. His cousin was a stone-cutter by trade and lie persuaded the sub- ject to engage in the same hne of business with him. Mr. Melbourne accordingly learned the trade and for a number of years he was associ- ated in business with Mr. Meredith. In 1870 his marriage occurred, and within the same 3^ear he engaged in contracting and building on his own responsibility, and in this line he ultimately attained marked precedence, having secured many important contracts and having erected many fine private and public buildings in this locality, as well as in other sections of the state. He enjoyed the liighest reputation for reliability and for utmost fidelity to the terms of contract, and upon his entire business career there rests no shadow, for he was true to himself and thus true in all- the relations of life, having the power of a self-respecting and noble manhood. — an exalted power, no matter what may be a man's station in life. His first individual contract was in the erection of the Ogden hotel, in Canton, now known as the Barnett hotel, and among other important buildings erected by him mav be mentioned the following: The city hall, the market house, the Central engine-house, the First Methodist Episcopal church, the Meyer block, the Garfield avenue school building, the stone work of the great plant of the Deuber- Hampden Watch Company. He also erected and owned the Melbourne hotel, which he rented until a short time prior to his decease. His energy was untiring and he was indefati- gable in his efforts, alert, vigorous and full of initiative power, so that to him success came as a natural sequel. He continued in active business up to the time of his death, and when he was called from the scenes of life's endeavors the community realized the loss of a valuable citizen, an upright business man and one whose integrity was beyond cavil. In 1889 Mr. Melbourne was one of the organizers of the Canton & Malvern Fire Brick Paving Com- pany, of which he became the principal stock- holder, and he continued to be identified with this enterprise for a period of about thirteen years. In 1889 he erected a beautiful and com- modious modern residence at 191 7 West Tus- carawas street, taking up his abode in the same in January. 1890. and there he continued to make his home until the close of his life, while his widow still resides in this fine resi- dence which her lamented husband took so great pride and satisfaction in providing, for his home life represented the most ideal phase of his life, and mutual devotion made the same one of utmost consecration on his part and that of his wife, who was his true companion and helpmeet and upon whom falls the heav}' burden of berea\-ement. To her, however, must there e\er be a measure of recompense and solace in the memory of the noble life of intimately linked with her own, and the "dear, dead days beyond recall" have not failed to leave their benediction, though she is denied the "touch of a vanished hand and the sound of a voice that is still." Mr. Melbourne was thoroughly alive to the duties and responsi- bilities of citizenship, and took an active in- terest in public aft'airs, having given an un- compromising allegiance to the Republican party. He was reared in the faith of the established church of England and retained his membership in the Episcopal church after com- ing to the United States, ever showing the highest reverence for the true spiritual verities. On the 2d of Jnne. 1870. in Canton, was solemnized the marriag^e of Mr. Melbourne to Miss Mary C. Latimer, who was born in this city, her place of nativity having- been the building now occu])ie(l by the Homer Clothing Company. This building, which is a veritable lan.dmark, was erected in 1819, by John Ster- ling, who was the first husband of Mrs. Eliza- beth (Sailor) Gitchell. who was the maternal grandmother of Mrs. IMelbourne. After at- 490 OLD LANDMARKS tending- the public schools of Canton for three years, within which time one of her teachers was Miss Anna AIcKinley, a sister of the late lamented President McKinley. Mrs. Mel- bourne contmned her educational discipline in a select school conducted by the Misses Kate Saxton and Mary Hazlett, and here she com- pleted her academic course. Her father, Robert C Latimer, was born in Osnaburg, this county, on the 14th of May, 1820, from which fact it becomes patent that she is a representative of one of the early pioneer families of Stark county. Her uncle. George Latimer, was the first white male child born in the county. Roljert C. Latimer remained on the pioneer farm until he had attained maturity, and when a young man located in Canton, where he was engaged in the carriage manufacturing busi- ness until his death, which occurred on the' 26th of August, 1864. He was a man of up- right character and became one of the repre- sentative business men of the city in the early days. His wife, whose maiden name was Cordelia Gitchell, was born on the nth of May, 1827. in the same building in which her daughter, Mrs. Melbourne, was later ushered into the world and to which reference has al- ready been made. Cordelia (Gitchell) Latimer was a daughter of Levi and Elizabeth (Sailor) Gitchell, the latter having been the widow of John Sterling, previously mentioned in this context. Levi Gitchell was a native of Scot- land, whence he emigrated to America, taking up his residence in Canton in the early pioneer epoch, when the i)lace was but a straggling village in the midst of the primitive forest. Here he became a prominent merchant, being associated with his wife in carrying on the general store established by her previous hus- band in the old building to which reference has lieen made. Mr. (litchcll died in Canton, in 1833. He was a man of many social graces and was a great favorite in the social circles of the town, as was also his wife, who was a woman of gracious refinement. They became the parents of three children, namely : Cor- delia Ann. mother of Mrs. Melbourne; Samuel, who is an honored pioneer resident of Canton, having atained the age of seventy-four years; and Remus, who died at the age of eighteen years. Elizabeth (Sailor) Gitchell was born in AVashington county, Pennsylvania, on the 6th of June. 1786, and her death occurred in Canton on the 21st of April, 1864, both she and her husband being laid to rest in Westlawn cemetery. In Pennsylvania she was married to John Sterling, and in 1806. only two years after the admission of Ohio to the statehood, they came to Stark county, the journey being made on horseback, while Mrs. Sterling's two little daughters rode on the horse with her, being strapped securely at her back. Mr. Sterling entered a tract of government land, upon a portion of which the present city of Canton now stands, and here, in addition to becoming the pioneer merchant of the town, he also operated a tannery, the same being lo- cated on the present site of the depot of the Wheeling & Lake Erie Railroad, while his general store was located at the corner of what is now East Tuscarawas street anil the public square. He here continued in active business until his deatli, in 1823. His children were as follows : I'anny. who made a romantic mar- riage at the age of fourteen years, becoming the wife of George Binkley. died at the age of thirty-three years, leaving thirteen children; Eliza, who became the wife of Daniel Dewalt, died in Canton, her home being located on the public square, and she is survived by one daughter, Mrs. Henry Bowen, of South Cleve- land avenue; Maria, who became the wife of David Rowan, also died in Canton; Margaret, the wife of John C. Hart, died in East Akron, Ohio: Marinda and Matilda were twins, and the former, who liecame the wife of John Smith, died in New Philadelphia. Ohio, while the latter, Mrs. George Kirk, died in Cleveland; CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 491 Jolm married Mary Ann Todd and his death occurred in Canton ; Jacob, who married Jane Moffet, is a resident of Canal Dover, Ohio; Catlierine died in childhood, as did also Samuel. Robert Latimer, grandfather of Mrs. Mel- bourne, was born on a farm near Sewickley, Pennsylvania, on the 3d of June, 1777, and in that state she was reared to maturity and there married Anna \\'att, who accompanied him on his removal to Ohio. He was a grandson of Arthur Latimer, who was born and reared in England, whence he came to America in 1736, being a widower and being accompanied by his live children, namely: Robert, James, George (great-grandfather of Mrs. Mel- bourne), Susan and Sarah. George Latimer married Margaret Potter, who died in Osna- burg. Stark county, on the 12th of May, 1810, her tombstone being the oldest marker in \^'estlawn cemetery, in Canton. The various members of the Latimer family were and are identified principally with agricultural pur- suits. Robert and Anna (Watt) Latimer be- came the parents of ten children, namely : Benjamin, who died in Sharon, Pennsylvania; George, who was the first male white child born in Stark county, Ohio, and who was the father of Dr. J. P. Latimer, a representative physician of Newark, Ohio ; Parkinson died in Massillon, this county; John is also deceased, ne\ er having married ; Margaret, who' became the wife of John Sellers, died in Massillon; Sarah, wife of William Sellers, died in Can- ton ; Maiy died at the age of twenty-two years, unmarried, as did also Martha; Rachel, the wife of Peter Gallagher, died in the state of Illinois ; and Robert C. was the father of Mrs. Melbourne, wife of the subject of this memoir. Robert C. and Cordelia (Gitchell) Latimer be- came the parents of four children, concerning whom we incorporate the following brief record : Elizabeth died at the age of seventeen years; Mary C. is the widow of the subject; Robert died in childhood; George, who died in Canton, in 1890, married Mary F. Lab, who survives him. To Mr. and Mrs. Melbourne were born four children, namely: Frank J., who was born on the 19th of December, 1871, married Miss Jennie Gibbs, of Cleveland, and now re- sides in Canton; Beatrice J., born October 19, 1872, completed the course in the Canton high sciiool and remains with her mother in the beautiful home; Corwin, born in 1874, died at the age of three months; and Grace G., born March 8, 1884, remains at the maternal home, being a student in the private school of Miss Beckingham five years and is now a graduate from that school. Mrs. Melbourne is a mem- ber of the First Baptist church, in whose affairs she maintains a deep and active interest, and she has ever held a prominent place in the best social activities of the city in which her entire life has been passed, her home having been a center of gracious and refined hospitality. AUGUSTUS DANNEMILLER is a na- tive son of Canton, Ohio, having Ijeen born in the old homestead on North Market street, on the 27th of April, 1846, jjeing a son of Bene- dict Dannemiller, one of the representative business men of Canton for many years. Of him individual mention is made on another page of this work, and to the article in question reference may be made for further ancestral data in regard to the son. Augustus received his early educational discipline in the public schools, and when but twelve years of age he began to assist in the work of his father's grain elevator, continuing to attend school at inter- vals. Li 1869 Benedict Dannemiller estab- lished himself in the wholesale grocery l)usi- ness in Canton, and the subject and his brother William were given an interest in the enter- prise at the time, while later the other two brothers, Edward and lulius, also became 492 OLD LANDMARKS identified with the husiness as members of the firm. In April. 1902, tiie business was re- organized and was duly incorporated under the laws of the state, under the title of the Canton Grocery Company, and at this time Augustus Dannemiller was made president and general manager of the concern. The trade territory of the company is of wide scope and is constant- ly expanding under the effective methods brought to bear, antl has representation in sections where competition is most active and where only true merit and reliability could ob- tain recogiiition of so notable a character as is accorded to the house. The company have commodious and well equipped quarters and carry full and comprehensive lines of staple and fancy groceries, provisions and grocers' supplies, while a large corjjs of traveling men represent the concern throughout its trade ter- ritorv. I'he interested ]irincipals are thoroughly experienced in their line tif industry and are so intimately conversant with the intrinsic values of lines handled as to enable them to purchase and supply stock upon the most expedient terms and with particular facility. These facts are most clearly demonstrated l)y the notable suc- cess in catering to the large wholesale patron- age, the business in all departments being thoroughly systematized. Tn addition to his interests in this concern Augustus Dannemiller is also a member of the directorate of the ]"'irst National Bank of Canton. Tn politics Mr. Dannemiller is a stanch ad- vocate of the principles and policies of the Re- publican party. 1^'raternally he is identified with the Bene\-olent and I'mtective Order of Elks. He is known as a public-spirited citi- zen and representative business man of his na- tive city, and the success which has attended his efforts is shown in the definite ])recedence and prosperity recorded in his career. In the city of Canton Mr. Dannemiller was united in marriage to Miss Julia Thierry, who was born in Stark county, being a daughter of Francis Thierry, who was an honored citizen of the county. Mr. and Mrs. Dannemiller have si.x children, namely : Catherine, w"ho still remains at the parental home; Augustus F., who is second lieutenant in the Twenty- ninth United States Regular Infantry in the Philippines: Mary, at home; Robert, who is a student in Notre Dame University, at South Bend, Indiana; and Frank and Julienne, who remain at the parental home. DENVER C. HUGHES.— One of the able young representatives of the bar of Stark county is Denver C. Hughes, who is engaged in the practice of his profession in Canton, w'here he is also incumbent of the responsible position of city solicitor. On both sides of the agnatic line he is identified with old and hon- ored families of the ]3uckeye state, both the Hughes and Shre\-e families having also been concerned with the annals of the nation since the early colonial epoch. Denver C. Hughes is a nati\'e son of Holmes count v. ha\ing been burn in Washing- ton township, on the ist of November, 1870, and Ijeing a son of John S. and Lavenia (Quick) Hughes, of whose children the follow- ing is a brief record : Charles Wellington, born Jinie 24, 1858, is a resident of Eleanor, Penn- sylvania; Carrie Edith, born February 14, i860, is the wife of Dr. Edgar J. March, who is engaged in the practice of medicine in Can- ton, and they ha-\-e two children, Chandos and Thorald ; Bert, born June 22, 1861, is a resi- dent of .Stark county, and Denver C. is the im- mediate subject of this sketch. Ezram Hughes, grandfather of Denver C, was born in Har- ford county, Maryland, in 1798, and was there re;u"C(l ancl educated, the family ha\ing long been established in that commonwealth. In 1815 he came to Ohio, locating in Wayne county, where he remained until 1824, when ho removed to Holmes countw where he en- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 493 tered eighty acres of wild land which he eventually reclaimed into a valuable farm, and tliere he passed the residue O'f his life, his death occurring ni 1871. In 1826, at Shreve, Wayne county, was solemnized his marriage to Miss Rosanna Shre\'e, who was born in Fayette county. Pennsylvania, on the 15th of October, 1810. and of whose ancestral line definite record will be made in following paragraphs, the history of the Shreve family in America being peculiarly interesting. Of this union were born the following children, all being na- tives of Holmes county: Mary, who married* John N'ance and who still resides in Nashville; Hannah, who died in 1840, at the age of eleven years ; Margaret, who is the wife: of John McMillen, of Nashville; John S., who is the father of the subject; Thomas W., who maried Alary Greenawald and who resides in Toledo, Ohio ; Judson, who married Mary Josephine Ivendall and who died in Nashville, Holmes county, in 1895; Louis D., who mar- ried Ellen Drake and now resides in LaGrange county; Eliza, who is the wife of Paul Drake, of Nashville, Ohio, and Franklin, who married Emma C. Melott and who resided near Nash- ville. The mother of these children died in 1878. John S. Hughes, father of the subject, was born near Nashville, Holmes county, Ohio, on the 2d of September, 1833, and was there reared and educated, grow'ing to manhood on the old homestead. In his early manhood he devoted his attention to teaching in the district schools for a number of years, and since that time he has been consecutively identified with agricultural pursuits. In 1900 he removed to Stark county and now resides on his fine farm- stead, five miles west of Canton, on the Massil- lon road. On the 8th of October, 1857. he was united in marriage to Miss Lavenia Quick, who was born in Holmes county, Ohio, on the 8th of October. 1857, being a daughter of Cordelius Quick, who was one of the honored pioneers of that county, whither he came from his native state of Pennsylvania. Of the children of this union mention has already been made. In politics John S. Hughes is a stanch Republican and both he and his wife are worthy members of the Methodist Episcopal church. The American ancestors of the Shreve family were of English and Dutch birth, were Quakers in religion and were dwellers in the colony of Rhode Island and also on Long Island, whence they emigrated to New Jersey, where, at an early period in its history, they purchased large tracts of land and became known as planters. Many of their descendants are still to be found in New Jersey and New York, and the simple and noble faith of the Society of Friends has continued to find many adherents in the family to the present day. The following qutation is from a genealogical work compiled by L. P. Allen, of Greenfield, Illinois : "The ancestry of the Shreve family emerges from tradition when the annals of Plymouth, Massachusetts, and Portsmouth, Rhode Isl- and, at an early date after the landing of the Mayflower, record the name of 'Sheriff.' De- cember 7, 1641, at Plymouth. Thomas Sher- iff was a complainant in the action of tres- pass, and twenty-five years later. December 10, 1666, he was grantor in a conveyance at Portsmouth. An, inventory of his estate was filed at Portsmouth June 11, 1675. In those vicinities, then, he must have lived and died. He was very probably born before 1620, and his wife, Martha, not later than 1635. His death occurred May 29, 1675, when he was aged fifty-five years or more, while she survived at least sixteen years, marrying a second and third time, respectively Thomas Hazard and Lewis Hues. The traditional ancestry of the Shre\'e family is very interesting and entertain- ing, as presented by the late Samuel H. Shreve, civil engineer of New York city, who, during the latter years of his life, devoted much time and labor to the studv of the ancestrv of the 494 OLD LANDMARKS family. In 1883 he wrote as follows: 'I have been interested in the subject of the Shreve family for some years and have embraced every opportunity to add to my stock of information, from the time Caleb Shreve, who settled at Mount Pleasant, Mansfield township, Burling- ton county, New Jersey, I am satisfied that what I have is authentic. Previously to that it is traditional but I believe mainly correct. The first Shreve of whom I have any account was Sir William Shreve, who came from the south- eastern part of Europe, — some say Greece, oth- ers hint at Turkey, in both of which countries, especially in the latter, the name of Sheriff was not uncommon, but borne only by Mohamme- dan families. I can not fix the time of Sir William. He married Elizabeth Fairfax (tra- dition says Lady Elizabeth, but I always sus- pect titles, etc., in family traditions) and had a son William, who married a young lady of Amsterdam by the singular name of Ora Ora, or Oara Oara, the daughter of a wealthy noble- man. 1 have no doubt of Oara being an ances- tress of the family. After their marriage, the story of which is quite romantic, they came to Portsmouth, Rhode Island. They had posi- tively, two sons, Caleb and John, and probably a third, who left no descendants. We are now able to make a guess at the date of Caleb's birth, from an old deed still in the family. The deed is from John Cooke, of Portsmouth, in the colony of Rhode Island, to John Shreve, of the same town, and conveys three- fourths of all his right and property at Shrewbury, New Jersey. Deed is dated January 9, 1676-7; on the back is a transfer from the same John Shreve to his beloved brother, Caleb Shreve. Caleb Shreve received warrants for land from tlie East Jersey proprietors as early as 1676. He was certainly of age at this time, and it would be safe to assume that his birth occurred about 1650 to 1655. Allowing thirty years to a generation, we would have the date of the birth of Sir William 1590. which is confirmed by the traditions that he was born in the latter part of the sixteenth century. * * * I do not think that Caleb Shreve ever lived on Long Island, but he married there Sarah, daughter of Derick or Deidrick Areson, of Flushing. I do not know the date of his marriage nor when he removed to Shrewsbury township. New Jer- sey; both events occurred probably about 1680. His name is spelled in various ways, but by himself always Shreve. He lived on Narum- sunk, now miscalled Rumsom Neck. He served as grand juror in the years 1692-3-4. Before coming to Burlington county he resided in Free- hold, New Jersey, for a few years, probably removing there from Narumsunk about 1692. He purchased Mount Pleasant, in Mansfield township, the old homestead that has been in the possession of the family ever since, in April, 1699, and moved there immediately. A portion of the house in which Caleb Shre\'e lived is still standing. I do not known whether the first Caleb was a Friend or not. I am inclined to think he was. He was rich enough to provide handsomely for his sons, except Benjamin, be- fort his death. He left Benjamin by his will the homestead and considerable other property. Of his sons, Benjamin; Caleb; William, who was a colonel in the state service; Israel, colonel in the Second New Jersey Regiment, Continental line; and Samuel, who was a lieutenant colonel in the state service, all took a very acti\-e part in the Revolutionary war. Caleb, who was often called Colonel, though I do not know he had any commission, with a few militia re- sisted the British at Crosswick, and in a person- al encounter lie shot the British officer. Israel Shreve received his first commission in 1775 and was in the attack on Quebec. In 1776 he was made colonel of the Second New Jersey and was in active service throughout the war. He was a man of noble character and a pure patriot, of whom all the Shreves may well be proud, and who was an honor to his state. Is- rael's son John was a lieutenant in his father's CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 495 regiment. His son Henry M. distinguished himself in improving the western steamboats and clearing out the Red river raft. Shreve- port, Louisiana, was nained after him. He com- manded a battery at the battle of New Orleans. My grandfather was a captain and saw active service during the Revolutionary war. There were also two or three others of the family who were soldiers, so that, notwithstanding their Quaker blood, the family was well represented among the American patriots. The ancestry of Thomas Sheriff, of Rhode Island, may be traditional, but the early records of the prov- ince show conclusively that he had eight chil- dren and was a property owner when he died. As late as 1737 the members of the family that remained in the vicinity retained the name Sher- iff, while Caleb, who married and emigrated to New Jersey, adopted the form Shreve.' " Caleb Shreve, son of Thomas Sheriff (or Shreve) of Rhode Island colony, was born about 1652, and was married to Sarah Areson about 1680, as before noted, and he died in Bur- lington county. New Jersey, in 1741. He and his wife became the parents of seven sons and three daughters, and through the youngest of the children, Benjamin, the lineage is traced to Denver C. Hughes, the immediate subject of this sketch. For several generations the de- scendants of Benjamin remained in the vicinity of the old homestead, and the genealogical records of this branch have been more carefully kept than those of other branches of the family, representing the descendants of his brothers and sisters. Benjamin Shreve was born June 9, 1706, and on February 23, 1729. he married Rebecca, daughter of Richard French, the cere- mony being performed in the Friends' meeting- house, at the upper end of Springfield town- ship, Burlington county, New Jersey, and he died in the old homestead, devised to him by his father's will, as already noted, in the year 1 75 1. Benjamin and Rebecca Shreve became the parents of six sons and two daughters, and the line of descent to Mr, Hughes is traced through the third son, William, representing the fourth generation of the family in America. William Shreve was born in Burlington county. New Jersey, on the 4th of August, 1737, and there he married Miss Anna Ivins, while more than twenty years after her death he married Mrs. Ann Reckless. He died in 1812, in his native county. In September, 1776, he became first major of the First Regi- ment, in Burlington, and in March of the fol- lowing year was made lieutenant-colonel of the same, while he was promoted to a full colonelcy in April, 1778, Little has been definitely as- certained as to his career prior to the war of the Revolution. After that period he was a man of business, and at one time was the owner of a number of seagoing vessels. It appears that during his military career he was a widower. His second wife w-as the w'idow of Joseph Reckless and a daughter of Joseph and Hanna Woodward. While he was absent with the army the British plundered, burned and destroyed his property, including all buildings and entailing a loss of more than thirteen hun- dred pounds sterling. This property was lo- cated in Burlington county. New Jersey, and its destruction occurred in June, 1778. After the close of the war he was engaged in mercan- tile pursuits in [Mansfield, New Jersey, but in 1782 disaster overtook the enterprise and he and his wife assigned all their real and personal estate in trust for his creditors, a fact that showed the exalted honor of the man. It is evident that he accumulated a competency be- fore his death. He became the father of four sons and three daughters, and of this fifth generation the direct line to ]\Ir. Hughes was through Richard, the third child and second son. Richard Shreve was born in Burlington county. New Jersey, September 25, 1760, and in 1783 he married Margaret Newbold, of Philadelphia. He died in Bloomfield township, 496 OLD LANDMARKS Crawfortl county, I'ennsyhania, September 12, 1822. He was captain of a troop of liglit horse during the latter part of the Revohition. He emigrated to Pennsylvania soon after the war and became one of the early settlers and prominent citizens ol Crawford county. Dur- ing the war of 1812, three of his sons took part m guarding the fort at Lake Erie, at the time of the campaign of Commodore Perr)-. He became the father of nine sons and four daugliters, and the third son. Thomas, was the maternal great-grandfather of Mr. Hughes. Thomas Shreve, the first representative of the family m Ohio, was born in Fayette county, Pennsylvania, July 2'/, 1787, and there married Mary Wigle, and he died in Clinton township, \\'ayne county. Ohio, on the 4th of July, 1857. He lived for several years when a boy, in the home of his uncle. Thomas Xew- bold. in the city of Philadelpliia, and then re- turned to the parental home and learned the milling business, continuing in the one mill until T821, when he removed with his wife and family to Wayne county, Ohio, where he l^e- came the owner of a grist and saw-mill and about twenty-five hundred acres of land, be- coming a prominent and intiuential citizen. The town of Shreve was named in his honor and he was its first postmaster, keeping the office at his residence. He represented ^^'ayne county in the state legislature one term, being a man of fine physique and marked intellectu- ality. He and his wife became the parents of ten children, Rosana, the grandmother of !Mr. Hughes, being the eldest, her birth having oc- curred in Fayette county, Pennsylvania, on the 13th of Octol^r 1810, while of her marriage and children mention has pre\iously been made in this context. Mr. Hughes represents the ninth generation of the Shreve family in America. Denver C. Hughes was reared on the old homestead farm in Holmes county. Ohio, and his educational discipline in his youth was re- ceixed in the public schools of tlie locality, where he made such use of the adxantages afforded as to become personally eligible for pedagogic honors, and for seven years he was numbered among the successful and popular teachers in his county, while through his ef- forts in this line he earned the money with which to defray the expenses of his collegiate course. Fie was matriculated in Mount Union College, in the city of Alliance. Stark county, in 1888. and was there graduated as a mem- ber of the class of 1893, "i"'! while carrying forward his college work he registered himself as a law student in the office of Housel & Webber, a prominent law firm in the city of Canton, and simultaneously carried on his technical studies with such devotion and dis- crimination that he secured admission to tiie bar in the same year that marked his gradu- ation. Shortly afterward he entered the law- department of the University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor and was graduated in this famous institution as a member of the class of 1895. ^^' ceiving the degree of Bachelor of Laws. Soon afterward he opened an office in Canton, and later entered into a professional partnership with AX'illiam H. Snyder, this association ob- taining until the deatli of the latter, in 1898. Later ]\'Ir. Hughes became a member of the firm of Case. Monnot. Whitacre & Hughes, from which ]\Ir. Case withdrew in 1900, since I which time the subject has been associated in practice with Mr. Monnot. under the firm name of Monnot & Hughes. They have retained a representative clientage and Mr. Hughes has been concerned in no small amount of import- ant litigation since initiating his professional labors in Canton, while by his devotion to bis work and by liis unmistakable ability as an advocate and counselor he has gained a high reputation among his professional confreres and the respect and confidence of the public. \\'hile a resident of Holmes county he was candidate on the Republican ticket for repre- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY; OHIO. 497 sentau\'e in the state legislature, but met de- feat through normal political exigencies. In 1 90 1 he \\as elected to his present olHce as city solicitor of Canton, in which he is giving most capable arid satisfactory service to the muni- cipality, having been re-elected in 1903 for another term of two years. In politics he ac- cords an unequivocal allegiance to the principles and policies of the Republican party, and he has been an active worker in its cause. Fra- ternally he is identified with McKinley Lodge No. 431, Free and Accepted Masons : Canton Lodge No. 589, Knights of Pythias ; Oliver Wendell Holmes Council No. 41, Junior Order of United American Mechanics ; Canton Coun- cil No. 60, Royal League, and the Greek-letter fraternity, Alpha Tau Omega, of Mount L'nion College. On the 25th of November, 1S96, Mr. Hughes was united in marriage to IMiss Loretta Moore, who was born in Holmes county. Ohio, a daughter of Bryson and Mary (Esselburne) Moore, and they are the parents of one son, Charles Victor, who was born on the ist of November, 1897. ADAM EISENHAUER was born on a farm near the town of Randolph, Portage county, Ohio, in the year 1847, ^"d there grew to maturity under the beneficent influences of the great fundamental industry of agriculture. He received a good education in the common schools and remained in his native county until he had reached the age of nineteen years, when he came to Canton, where his first employment was m connection with the operation of a dray wagon for John Werndt, and later he secured employment in the freight department of the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chicago Railroad in this city, where he rose to a responsible position, remaining with this company until his death, which occurred on the 5th of July, 1896. He was ever courteous and obliging, genial and 31 kindly in his intercourse with his fellow men, and he commanded unequivocal esteem in the community in which he lived and labored for so many years. In politics he gave his allegiance to the Democratic party, and his religious faith was that of the Catholic church, his membership being in the parish of St. Peter's church in Canton, while his life was in harmony with his profession of faith. John Eisenhauer, father of the subject of this memoir, was born in Germany, as was also his wife, and both died on their old homestead in Portage county, Mr. Eisenhauer having been a tailor by trade and having followed this voca- tion until the time when he engaged in farming in Ohio, whither he came upon his emigration from the fatherland. In the city of Canton, on the 4th of July, 187S, Adam Eisenhauer was united in marriage to Miss Katie Adrian, a daughter of Franz Adrian, of this city. She was born in Germany, whence her parents came to the United States when she was a child, locating in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, where she was reared and edu- cated, having been seventeen years of age at the time of her parents' removal from that city to Canton. Mr. and Mrs. Eisenhauer became the parents of one daughter. Lulu, who is now the wife of Charles Harding, and they reside in the home of her mother. Mr. Harding being en- gaged in the store with the subject. During the lifetime of her husband Mrs. Eisenhauer at- tended St. Peter's church, though she was reared in the Protestant faith. After the death of her honored husband Mrs. Eisenhauer opened a small grocery in the home of her father, on East Lake street, later removing to a store at the corner of Lippert and Gibbs streets, where she continued busi- ness until April, 1900, when she purchased her present property, at the corner of Lake street and Cutter avenue, where she has since con- tinued successfully in the same line of enter- prise, having an attractive and well equipped 498 OLD LANDMARKS grocery, in whicli are handled the best hues of :staple and fancy groceries, table delicacies, etc., ivhile the trade is of the most representative character. She has shown marked discrimina- tion and business capacity, and is popular with lier man\- customers and in the social circles in which she moves, being a woman of gracious presence and one whose self-reliance and earn- est efforts have gained her unqualified com- mendation in the city which has so long been her home. ANTHONY GRESSER was born in the kingdom of Wurtemburg, Germany, on the 6th of April, 1856, being a son of Joseph and Johanna (Raiber) Gresser, both of whom were likewise born in that attractive kingdom of the fatherland, whore they were reared and edu- cated, the father being a stone-cutter by trade and vocation. In 1869, in company with three of their children, they set forth for the United States, to join their son Charles, who had pre- viously emigrated hither and located in Can- ton, this county. They embarked at Ham- burg, on the ship "Silesia," this being the maiden trip of that vessel, and they landed in New York city on the 5th of July, 1869. Their son Charles had come two years earlier and had secured employment in Canton, where the family were thus re-united. Here the father of the subject continued to work at his trade until 1889, when he retired from active labors, his death here occurring on the 17th of February, 1891, at which time he was seventy-three years of age. His cherished and devoted wife passed away on the i6th of November, 1880, at the age of sixty-six years. Of their children we in- corporate the following brief record : Mary is the wife of Martin Gabel, of Canton ; Charles is engaged in the Aultman works in this city ; Lizzie is llie wife of John Duerr, of Canton; and .-\nthony, the immediate subject of this sketch, is the youngest of the children. Anthony Gresser was reared to the age of thirteen years in his native place in Germany, and he there attended the excellent schools until the emigration of the family to America. After locating in Canton he continued his studies in the parochial schools for three years, his in- structor for two years of this period having been Miss Lizzie Bour, who was at the time a teacher in the German parochial school of St. Peter's churcii. After leaving school Mr. Gres- ser secured emplojment in a local paper factory, where he was engaged for eight years. In 1875-6 he was a clerk in the grocery store of Philip Karme, in South Market street, and at the expiration of these two years he passed a year as an employe of a safe works. There- after he rendered efficient service for five years as an employe in the cutter-bar department of the works of the C. Aultman Company, the extensive manufacturers of threshing ma- chines in Canton. He then secured a clerkship in the grocery establishment of the firm of Lee & Menegay, on South Market street, and in 1888 he became associated with his brother-in- law, John Duerr. in the conducting of a gro- cery business in a building a few doors distant from his present place of business, which is located at 820 South Market street. In i8gi the partnership was dissolved, the subject pur- chasing Mr. Duerr's interest, and he thereafter individually continued the enterprise until 1893, when he admitted to partnership Charles Mene- gay, in whose employ he had formerly been, as noted above. On the ist of January. 1900. Mr. Gresser again secured full conlm! (if the business, by purchasing his partner's interest, and within the present year, 1903. he has made extensive repairs and alterations on his store, having removed to more commodious build- ings, two doors north of his original head- quarters, and here he has a model and attractive modern sit ire with the best of facilities and with a select and comprehensive stock, adequate to meeting all demands on the part of his large CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 499 and appreciative patronage. In politics Mr. Gresser is aligned as a stalwart Democrat, though he has never sought or desired public office of an}' description, and both he and his wife are communicants of St. John's church, Roman Catholic. Fraternally he is identified with the Catholic Mutual Benefit Association, the Knights of St. John, the Schwaben Verein, the Order of Heptasophs and the Order of Eagles, wliile he also holds membership in the Grocers' League, of Canton. In his home city, on the 29th of June, 1880, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Gresser to Miss Mary E. Socie, who was bom in Holmes county, Ohio, of French parentage, and of this union have been born six children, namely : Clara, who is the wife of Charles Becherer, of Canton ; Joseph and John, who re- main at the parental home; Henry and Antho- ny, Jr., who are attending school in the city; and Paul, who is five years of age at the time of this writing. JOHN A. LIECHTY.— The family of which the subject of this review is a repre- sentative had its origin in Switzerland and is of French descent. His father, Jacob Liechty, a native of Switzerland, was born September II, 1822, and some time in the early 'sixties came to the United States and located at Can- ton, Ohio, near which city he was for several years a tiller of the soil, having been reared to agricultural pursuits. On February 11, 1864, he married, in Stark county. Miss Elizabeth Rich, who was also born in Switzerland, her native place being Ceshlach, where her birth oc- curred on the 2d of Sei)tember, 1846. She was the daughter of Joseph and Barbara (Ram- seyer) Rich, the former dying in his native country in 1853. the latter subsequently im- migrating to America with some of her chil- dren, others having preceded her to the United States, while several members of the family afterwards followed her to the new home across the water. Mrs. Rich located in Marsh- allville, Ohio, thence moved overland to Iowa where she died, the widow having subsequently married a man by the name of Joseph Zehr. Mrs. Rich's parents were John Ramseyer, born at Eckenweil, Canton Bern, Switzerland, in- 1776, and Barbara Kauffman, who was born in the year 1777 at Ft. Andrew, in the province of Alsace, at that time French territory but now a part of the German empire. These an- cestors of the subject spent their married life in Switzerland, i\lrs. Ramseyer dying in 1844, her husband in 1853. After his marriage Jacob Liechty settled at Leo, Indiana, where he lived some years and then changed his abode to Marshallville, Ohio, still later moving to Sterling, this state, where himself and wife spent the remainder of their days, the former dying April 5, 1895, the latter on the 17th day of November, 1900. They were quiet, estimable people, highly respected by their neightors and friends and their mem- ory is cherished by the people of the different communities in which they resided. They reared a family of seven children, the subject of this review being the first in order of birth. John A. Liechty was born near the town of Leo, Allen county, Indiana, December 13, 1864, but at the age of two years was taken to Marshallville, in the county of Wayne, where his parents remained for a limited period. He grew up on his father's farm, about two' miles east of Sterling, in the county of Wayne, early became accustomed to the varied duties of ag- riculture and of winter seasons attended the public schools, in which he made rapid advance- ment. Realizing the need of more advanced training than the common schools could im- part, Mr. Liechty, at the age of twenty, en- tered the \Vestern Reserve Normal School at Waclsworth, where he pursued his studies for some time, with the object in view of becom- ing- a teacher. Beginning his career as an edu- 500 OLD LANDMARKS cator, he continued the same until 1897, teach- ing two years in the schools of Medina county, three years in Wayne and five years in the coun- t}' of Stark, closing his services as principal of Prairie College in the latter county. Retiring from the teacher's profession, Mr. Liechty purchased an interest in the Harrison Avenue Feed Company, of Canton, and to this line of business devoted the ensuing years, during which time he also completed a com- mercial course in the Canton Actual Business College, giving his nights to study and graduat- ing in the summer of 1901. In January of that year he became bookkeeper and assistant man- ager of the Artificial Ice Company, of Canton, which position he still holds, discharging the duties of the same in a manner satisfactory to all parties concerned in the enterprise. On December 24, 1891, in Orville, Ohio, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Liechty and Miss Isadora Snavely, daughter of Amos and Mary (Martin) Snavely, a union blessed with three offspring, namely : Laura, Grace and Evaline. Politically the subject is what may be termed an independent, as he refuses to vield allegiance to any particular party, pre- ferring to exercise his own judgment as to the principles he upholds and the men and meas- ures he supports with his ballot. Being an edu- cated man and widely informed relative to pub- lic measures and party issues, he has pro- nounced convictions and hesitates not to de- fend the soundness of his opinions whenever it becomes necessary to do so. In every relation of life Mr. Liechty is known as an honest, in- corruptible man. who has ever tried to do his duty as he sees and understands it and wherever he is known his word has all the sanctity of a written obligation. J. ROYAL SXYDER is a native son of Stark county, having lieen born on the old homestead farm of his srrandfather, in Osna- burg township, on the nth of February, 1876, and being a son of John J. Snyder. \\"hen he was five years of age his parents removed to the village of Paris, this county, where he se- cured his early educational training in the pub- lic schools, after which, in 1895, he was ma- triculated in ]Mount L'nion College near the city of Alliance, this county, where he graduated as a member of the class of 1899, having com- pleted the classical course. In 1898 Mr. Sny- der received the scholarship prize, having the highest average grade throughout the entire course of any of his class. That he made good use of the advantages afforded him in a schol- astic way is evident when we advert to the fact that when he was but fifteen years of age he proved himself eligible for pedagogic honors, and for several years he was a popular and successful teacher in the district schools, and through the medium of his efforts in this line he earned the funds with which to defray the e.xpenses of his collegiate course. In 1898 j\lr. Snyder was appointed deputy county treasurer under Thomas H. Smith, who was then in charge of the county's fiscal affairs, and in the autumn of 1901, as candidate on the Republican ticket. Mr. Snyder was elected to succeed ]\Ir. Smith in the office of treasurer, his opponent in the race being Edward S. De- Ford, of Minerva. He continued to serve as deputy until assuming the duties as treasurer. on the 1st of September, 1902. Not only by reason of his native ability, but also on account of his technical experience in the office, Mr. Snyder is particularly well equipped to ad- minister the affairs of the county and he is proving an able and painstaking executive, thoroughly justifying the choice of the electors of the county. In the spring of 1903 he was renominated by his party for the treasurer- ship, and will undoubtedly be again the choice of the electors. He has been a stanch ad- vocate of the principles of the Republican ]>arty from the time of attaining his majority. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 501 and has been an active worker in its local ranks, while it was his privilege to cast his first presidential vote for the martyred President McKinley, Stark county's most distinguished citizen. In a fraternal way Mr. Snyder is iden- tified with the Masonic order, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Junior Order of United American Mechanics. He is a member of the Evangelical church, in whose faith he was reared. He is one of the progres- si^•e and popular young men of his native coun- ty and is well entitled to the ofirce of which he is incumbent, while his election to the same gives evidence of the estimate placed upon him by the people of the county. WILLIAM VOLZER is a native of Ger- many and a brother of Christian Volzer, a well-known citizen of Canton to whose biogra- phy on another page of this work the reader is respectfully referred for the facts concern- ing the Volzer family history. The subject was born March 18, 1845, '" Wittenburg, and there spent his childhood and youth, attending until his fourteenth year the schools of his native city. At that age he entered a print- ing, office, but after working four years in the same resigned his place to become clerk in a hotel in the city of Stuttgart, which position he filled until 1865. when he bade farewell to the fatherland and came to the United States, his older brother. Christian, having preceded him by some years in this country. Mr. Volzer took passage at Hamburg, December 13. 1865. on the steamer "Saxonia" and after an une\-entful voyage of fourteen days landed in New York city, from which place he came direct to Canton, where his brother was then living. Shortly after his arrival in this city he accepted a position in a paper mill, but not being pleased with that kind of labor he soon abandoned it and entered the employ of C. Aultman & Company, in whose shops he worked during the three years following. Leaving the Aultmans, he spent the ensuing two and a half years with the Ball Manufactur- ing Company and at the end of that time en- gaged with the Diebold Safe & Lock Company for a limited period, after which he was for two years in the employ of the Russell Company machine works. Severing his connection with the last named firm, Mr. Volzer turned his attention to house paintnig, which calling he followed about two years, the meantime purchasing property on Habsel street, where, in 1877, he opened a sam- ple room, conducting the business in an apart- ment adjoining his residence. In 1881 he bought valuable property on South Cleveland avenue, adjoining the Ft. Wayne railway track, and transferring his business to the same con- tinued to run a sample room until taking the agency of the Raymond Brewing Company, of Wheeling, West Virginia, a year or two later. He remained with this company about seven years, during four of which he was manager of its interests at Meyer's Lake. While thus engaged, Mr. Volzer erected what is known as the "Casino," on the north shore of the lake, which in due time became a favorite resort, and about the same time accepted the local agency of the Moerlein Brewing Company of Cincinnati, which he still holds. In 1902 Mr. Volzer, with several other parties, organized the Stark Brewing Company at Canton, in which he is now the chief stock- holder; the enterprise was pushed rapidly for- ward and, backed by well-known and reliable business men. its success from the beginning was more than conjectural. Providing good build- ings and supplying the same with every facility for the manufacture of a high grade of beer, the company, in July, 1903, began operations on quite an extensive scale and at this writing the business, already large and lucrative, promises to meet fully the high expectations of the pro- 502 OLD LANDMARKS jectors and ihe brewery bids fair to become one of the leading establishments of the kind in the city. Mr. X'lil/er, in 18O9. was imited in mar- riage willi Miss Anna Spies, of Wheeling, West Virginia, daughter of Franz and Fran- ces Spies, natives of Germany. Air. and Mrs. Volzer arc the parents of nine children, whose names are as follows: Aloyes; Rose, wife of Frank Lindacher, of Canton; Lillie, who mar- ried Henry Bobsen, also of this city; Frank married Clara Weisert, is the father of a daugh- ter, Grace, and makes his home in Canton ; Cora, Herman, Albert Clarence and Laura are unmarried and still under the parental roof. Mr. X'olzer and family are members of the St. Mary's Catholic church and active in all kinds of religious and charitable work under the aus- pices of the parish. Politically the subject is a Republican, but not a very active politician, be- ing too much engrossed with business affairs to find time to devote to party matters. He is connected with several benevolent organiza- tions, among which may be noted the Catholic Mutual Benefit Association, the St. Peter's So- ciety, Swabian Society, Beneficial Aid Societ\- and the German Benevolent Union, in addition to which he also is an honorary member of the Militarv and Grand Annv Bands of Canton. CHARLES E. TLNKLER, chief engineer of the Canton Bridg'e Company, is a native of Stark cmint}-, Ohio, born in the city of Massil- lon on the 20th day of November, 1861. His father, Charles H. Tinkler, was a soldier in the Civil war, serving from 1861 until the close of the struggle and participating in many of the most noted battles in \'^irginia, in one of which, the bloody engagement at Chancellorsville, he received a gunshot wound through the right lung. He married Mary Hassler, alsO' of Stark county, and in 1887 removed to Cleveland where he lived during the ensuing sixteen years while holding a position in the railway mail service. The subject's paternal grandparents came from England a number of years ago and settled on a farm near Alassillon where the grandfather spent the remainder of his life, the grandmi'lher subsequently removing to Michigan, in which her death occurred at the advanced age of ninety-six. Charles E. Tinkler \A-as reared to young manlu 1(1(1 in his native city, attended for a mim- ber of years the public schools and later pre- pared himself for life's active duties by taking a special course in mechanical engineering. Af- ter finishing' his technical education he spent eight years with the Massillon Bridge Com- pany as draughtsman and at the expiration of that time accepted a similar position with a bridge company at Youngstown. After remain- ing two years with the latter concern he re- signed his place and on March 31, 1892, became chief engineer for the Canton Bridge Company, which position he still holds. Mr. Tinker's career has been eminently creditable and as a skillful mechanical engineer and accomplished draughtsman he has few equals and no supe- riors in the city where his talents are being exercised. Mr. Tinker was married at Massillon. in i(S84. to Miss Minnie Rogers, daughter of William Rogers, a well-known resident of that citv and for a long time a justice of the peace. To Mr. and Mrs. Tinkler have been Ijorn seven children, namely, Bessie, Ralph, Charles, Flelen, Alice, Francis and Willard, all living with their parents. Mr. Tinkler is a Republican in poli- tics rnid manifests a lively interest in party afifairs, being well posted relative to the leading questions and issues of the day. In religion he subscrilaes to the Presbyterian creed and since moving to Canton has been one of the active workers in the Calvary Presbyterian church of this city, being at this time a mem- ber of its ])oard of trustees. Mrs. Tinkler is also identified with the same congregation and. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 503 like her husband, is first and foremost in every good work and endeavor to promote the moral and spiritual welfare of the con^munity. EDWARD SCOTT.— One of the leading- business men of his portion of the county, and who has won a high standing because of his sterling qualities, is the gentleman whose name appears at the beginning of this paragraph. His iiaternal father, John Scott, was a native of Ireland, while the subject's father, William Scott, was a native of Washington county, Pennsylvania, his birth having occurred in December, 1799. William Scott was reared up- on a farm and spent his boyhood and youth in his native county, early learning the lessons of practical industry. In 1833 he came west and located upon a farm near New Cumberland, Fairfield township, Tuscarawas county, Ohio, where he remained for a number of years, sub- sequently removing to New Cumberland, Ohio, where he conducted a hotel for two years, at the end of that time removing to Waynesburg. He remained in the latter place until 1843, '^^'^ in that year he removed to a farm near New Harrisburg, Carroll county, this state, where he remained until his death, which occurred when he was eighty-two years old. Politically he was a stanch Democrat and his religious belief was in harmony with the creed of the Presbyterian churcii. His wife, who in her maidenhood bore the name of Margaret Power, was a native of Maryland, born in 1801. and was a daughter of Robert and Margaret Power. Both of her par- ents were descended from Scotch ancestry and her paternal great-grandfather Power was the first Presbyterian minister west of the Alle- ghany mountains. Margaret Scott was a wo- man of deep piety and sweet womanly graces and was beloved by all. Her death occurred when she was eighty-two years old. Edward Scott, the immediate subject of this sketch, was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, April 21, 1826, and was one of nine children born to his parents. Of these children, the five who survive are as follows : Margaret is the widow of James Gribben, de- ceased, late of New Harrisburg, Ohio ; the sub- ject is the next in the order of birth; Roljert P. resides in New Harrisburg; Clarentine is the wife of Ezra Boggs, of Piarrison township. Carroll county, this state; Eli A. resides in Kansas. The subject was reared under the paternal roof and assisted in the home duties imtil about the age of twenty years. In 1846 he accepted a clerkship in a general store at New Harrisburg, and after remaining in this position for three years he went to Magnolia, Carroll county, where he filled a similar posi- tion for four years, having the management of the business at the latter place. Giving up this position, Mr. Scott went to Massillon and was employed in a wholesale dry-goods house, a portion of the time acting in the capacity of traveling" salesman. Severing his connection with this firm, he took a trip through the west- ern states and upon his i-eturn located in Waj'uesburg, being employed there for a few months as clerk. The same year, 1856, in com- pany with two other men, Mr. Scott opened a dry-goods store, but six months later sold his interest in the enterprise and took another west- ern trip, niainh- through Nebraska and Iowa. Upon his re'turn to Waynesburg he accepted a clerkship with G. P. Augustine, with whom he remamed for three years, and in the spring of 1 86 1 he opened a drug store in Waynesburg. His genial and courteous manners and marked business ability soon gained for him a liberal share of the public patronage and he continued in the business imtil 1903, a period of forty- one years, when he sold his store and retired from active life. In 1861 Mr. Scott was ap- pointed postmaster of \\^a\"nesburg and held the office for twenty-four years, there being a break of but two years in his incumbency. In politics IMr. Scott has all his life been a firm 504 OLD LANDMARKS and uncompromising Republican and has taken an active part in advancing his party's inter- ests in the townsliip. He has been influential in the party councils and has served several years as a member of the town council. His religious principles are those of the Presbyter- ian church, while fraternally he is a member of Canton Lodge No. bo, Free and Accepted Masons. In 1858 Mr. Scott was united in marriage with Mrs. Mary Crevoisie Couch, who was born at Chavon Les Grandes, France, October 30, 1826. Her parents, Joseph and Marie Cre- voisie, came to America soon after her birth and located at Hanoverton, Columbiana county, Ohio, where he was engaged in running a hotel. They subsequently returned to Delle, France, for the purpose of educating their son and daughter. Returning to America in 1840, they settled in Waynesburg, and in 1845 Mary Cre- voisie was united in marriage with John R. Couch, a promising lawyer of that village. Of this marriage there was one issue, a daughter, who became the wife of William A. Strayer, of Canton, Ohio. Mr. Couch died in 1853 ^^'^ in 1858, as before stated, his widow became the wife of the subject. Mr. and Mrs. Sco'tt have been blessed with three children, namel\- : William R., of Cleveland; Addie Marie, the the wife of Dr. John F. Price, of Wellsville, this state, and John C, of Canton. HENRY ADAM RUPP was born in the town of Guntersblum, Hessen-Darmstadt, Ger- many, on the 15th of April, 1837, the family name having long been identified with the an- nals of that section of the empire. He is a son of John and Mary Magdalena (Welder) Rupp, both of whom were born in the year 1806, in the village of Hochheim. Hessen-Darmstadt. Adam and Margaret Rupp, the paternal grand- parents of the subject, passed their entire lives in that same province, and the family was there identified with agricultural pursuits in the vari- ous generations. The father of the subject was engaged in farming in the fatherland until 1851, when he emigrated with his family to America and came to Stark county, settling in Osnaburg township, where he engaged in the lime and coal business and also dealt in real estate to a considerable extent,- handling coal land and owning a considerable amount of such land, on which he operated the coal mines. In 1868 he removed to Benton county, Iowa, where he pur- chased three hundred acres of land, and he thereafter li\ed practically retired from active business until his death, which occurred in 1883, his wife having passed away in 1880, while both were laid to rest in the cemetery at Blairstown, that county. His marriage to Mary Magdalena Weber was solemnized in }vlav. 183: She was likewise born in Hessen- Darmstadt, her father, John Jacob Weber, hav- ing been a resident of Hochheim, near the city of Worms. The parents of our subject were originally members ot what was known as the Protestant church of Germany, and after com- ing to Canton they became members of the Ger- man Reformed church, of which Rev. Peter Herbruck was for so long a time the pastor. They became the parents of the following named children: Henry, who died in infancy; John Franklin, who was born on the ist of December, 1835, and who is now a resident of Benton county, Iowa; Henrj'- A., who is the immediate subject of this review ; George and Philip, both of whom died in infancy; Mar- garet, who was born on the 17th of June, 1842, and who is now the wife of Henry Reisser. of Blairstown. Iowa, and Lena, who was born July 12, 1849. ''^"'1 ^^lio '^ ^^^^ \v\ie. of William Grunewald, of Blairstown, Iowa. Henry Adam Rupp was in his fourteenth year at the time when he accompanied his par- ents on their emigration to America, and thus he received his preliminary educational discip- line in the excellent schools of his native land. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 505 After locating in Stark county he began to assist his father in his various business oper- ations, and he thus continued until he had at- tained the age of thirty-one years. In 1868 he removed tO' Benton county, Iowa, where he purchased a farm of one hundred and six- ty acres, and there he continued to be engaged in agricultural pursuits and dairying for the ensuing twenty-four years, becoming one of the prosperous and influential citizens of the county and commanding unqualified respect in his community. In 1892 he returned to Stark county and purchased a farm of fifty acres in section 31, Plain township. He conducted this farm for eleven years, and also dealt to a greater of less extent in land in the county dur- ing this interval. ,\t the expiration of the period noted he removed to his present at- tractive little homestead of five acres, in the same township, where he has since lived re- tired from active business, enjoying the re- wards of his former years of toil and endeavor. His homestead is improved with excellent buildings of modern type and with the best of modern facilities, and is one of the pleasant rural homes of the county. He still retains in his possession five acres of his original pur- chase, having sold the remaining forty, and also has sixty acres in the western part of Jackson township, and one hundred and fort\- other acres in the same township. In politics he is a stanch advocate of the general principles of the Democratic party, and is also strongly in favor of the cause of prohibition of the liquor traffic, while he keeps well informed on the questions and issues of the hour, and takes a deep interest in all that tends to conserve the general welfare- H^ is a prominent and earnest member of the First Reformed church, of Canton, and a liberal supporter of its work, while he is an elder in the consistorv of the church, of which his wife likewise was a de- voted member. On the ist of March, 1868, Mr. Rupp was united in marriage to Miss Rebecca Platner, who was born in Osnaburg township, this county, on the 12th of August, 1842, being a daughter of John and Christina (Livelsberger) Platner, both of whom w'ere born in Pennsyl- vania, of German lineage, while they were numbered among the honored pioneers of Stark county, where they passed the closing years of their lives, both having been zealous members of the Reformed chucli. The cherished and devoted wife of the subject was summoned into eternal rest on the 14th of September, 1897, and her remains were interred in the beautiful cemetery of Westlawn, in Canton. She w'as a W'Oman of gracious character and held the affectionate reo'ard of all who knew her. AARON ^^^ ROSS is a native of the old Keystone state, having been born in Fayette county, Pennsylvania, on the r3th of March, 1832, and being now the only survivor of the eight children born to John and Rhoda (Jones) Ross. His father was born in Greene county, Pennsylvania, in the year 1794, the original American progenitors having taken up their abode in that commonwealth prior to the war of the Rebellion. John Ross was reared to maturity in Greene county, Pennsylvania, and was there educated, and shortly after his mar- riage he removed to Fayette county, that state, where he became the owner of a farm of one hundred and twelve acres, which he developed into a fine property, and there he passed the residue of his life engaged in agricultural pursuits. He was a man of fine mentality and exalted integrity, and was one of the earliest and most uncompromising opponents of the liquor traffic, against which institution he waged a vigorous and unremitting warfare throughout his life, his influence in the line being widely felt. In politics he was a stanch adherent of the Whig party of the old line and took an intelligent and active interest in public 5o6 OLD LANDMARKS affairs, both national and local. He died on his homestead farm in 1835, the subject being at the time a child of but two years, so that it is his misfortune to have practically no recollection of his father, whose name he has ever held in the highest affection and filial honor. After the death of his father the sub- ject's devoted mother remained on the farm and bra\ely faced the responsibility of keeping her family together and rearing her children in the ways of truth and righteousness, she having been a zeaknis member of the ^Methodist Epis- copal (•hmxh, as was also her husband. She survived her husband by many years, being summoned into eternal rest in 1864, at the age of sixty-nine years, and having carefully reared to maturity seven of her eight children. She was a native of Virginia and was a daughter of Aaron and Sarah Jones, who were also among the early pioneers of Fayette cotinty, Pennsylvania. Aaron W. Ross grew to manhood on the home farm, and while a mere boy he began 10 assist in its work, while as the years passed bv and he waxed strong in mind and body, more and greater responsibilities devolved upon hiiu in the connection, as the family was a large one and the task of securing the proper revenues from the farm one of no slight in- sistency. His early educational discipline was received in the district schools near his home, after which it was supplemented in the Morgan- town (\\'est Virginia) Academy and later at the Greene Academy at Carmichaels, Pennsyl- vania, and Allegheny College at ]\Ieadville, Pennsylvania. Pie later attended the Madison College in Uniontown. Pennsylvania, eight miles distant from his home, where he graduated in 1857. Shortly afterward he started on quite an extended tour through the south and middle west, in search of an elig-ible location and to secure a rest from his arduous scholastic ap- plication, as he had passed innumerable nights in close study. In 1859, after his return to his home, he was tendered and accepted the po- sition of assistant superintendent in the George's Creek Academy, in Fayette county, where he did very effective pedagogic work, gaining a reputation that lead to his being called, in 1 86 1, to the principalship of the Greene Acad- emy, at Carmichaels, Greene county. Pennsyl- vania. In 1863, greatly to the regret of the managing body and the gtudents, he resigned his office, and for a number of years thereafter he gave a general supervision to the manage- ment of the old home farm, while simultaneous- Iv he successfully established himself in the fire and life insurance business. He came into pos- session of the homestead farm after the death of his mother, and in 1883 he disposed of the property and came to Stark county, where he effected the purchase of his present farm, which comprises seventy acres located in the en\irons of the city of Alliance, while the permanent improvements on the place are of the best order, including a spacious and attractive residence of modern design and equipments. He gives his personal supervision to the farm and is known as one of the model farmers of this section, bringing to bear scientific methods and those correct business principles which are as re(|- uisite in this line of industrial enterprise as in anv other field of business. In politics he g'ives an unequivocal allegiance to the Re- publican party, but has never desired the honors or emoluments of public office, though he main- tains a lively interest in the questions and is- sues of the hour. He and his wife are jM-omi- nent and honored members of the Methodist Episcopal church and he has followed in the footsteps of his father and has been a stanch advocate of the temperance cause, never having tasted liquor as a beverage. While residing in Pennsvlvania he was urged to become the candidate of liis party for state senator, but refused to permit his name to be considered in the connection. On the 24th of June, 18(14, in (ireene CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 507 county, Pennsylvania, was solemnized the mar- riage of Mr. Ross to Miss Elizabetli J. Horner, who was born and reared in Greene county, Pennsylvania, being a daughter of Amos and Rel^ecca (Grooms) Horner. Mr. and Mrs. Ross are the parents of three daug'hters, con- cerning whom we enter brief record, as fol- lows : Sarepta E. is a young lady of high in- teliectlial attainments, having pursued her studies in- the George's Creek Academy and having later continued her educational work in the Alliance high school, where she was graduated, after which she taught successfully for five years in the public schools of that city, and then went to Chicago, where she was matriculated in the Cook County Normal School, and there she was graduated as a mem- ber of the class of 1891, after which she was engaged as a teacher in the same school, where she d.id most eflicient work for the ensuing three years, and later she was for seven years a successful and ]iopular teacher in the city schools of Chicago. She is now a teacher in the State Normal School at Plattsliurg, New York. Effie F., the second daughter, is now the wife of Edwin Sebrell, of Bolton, Stark county, and Rhoda R., the youngest daughter, is a trained nurse and is now residing in the city of Brooklyn, New York, where she has proved most successful in the work of her nolile pro- fession, being a young woman of pleasing and gracious personality and tender sympathy, and having that self-control, equipoise and readi- ness of expedient which makes her so valuable a factor and one whose ministratir)ns are so much appreciated in the sick-room. JOHN BRACHER.— Jacob Bracher, the father of the subject of this review, was born in Germany in the year 181 5. He rose to a high position in the government service of that country, and for a number of rears held the important post of inspector of mines, the duty of which he discharged until immigrating to the United States in 1854. Coming to this country he located at Alliance, Ohio, where he followed various enterprises, his intelligence and practical experience in different business pursuits making him a valuable man in any undertaking to which he addressed himself. His lirst wife, whom he married in Germany, died shortly after the family settled in this city and later he contracted a matrimonial alliance with Aliss Salima Binkard, who bore him three children, two of whom survive, the subject of this review and Prank. The first marriage al- so resulted in three ofifspring. namely : Julius, of Gallion, Oliio; Victor, and Charlotte, wife of William J. Barr, of Los Angeles, California. Jacob Bracher departed this life in 1865 and sometime thereafter his widow married Mr. .\ndrew Hutif, of Alliance, who is also now de- ceased. She resides in this city. John Bracher was born July 11. 1858, in Alliance, Ohio, and spent his early years after the manner of the niajoritv of citv lads, at- tending as soon as old enough the public schools, in which the foundation of his literary education was laid. This training was after- ward supplemented by a literary and commer- cial course in Mount Union College and at the age of fifteen he entered the Morgan Engineer- ing" \\'orks at .\lliance for the purpose of learn- ing the machinist's trade. After serving an apprenticeship of several years, during which he made an exceptionally fine record as a skilled workman, he accepted a position in the establishment, first as a journeyman, but in due time his efticiency was such that he was pro- moted to the responsible post of foreman. Mr. Bracher served for some time in that capacity and developed not only great mechanical skill but also unusual capacity as a manager of men. His employers, fulh' appreciating his \'aluable services, subsequently made him assistant superintendent, the duties of which position he discharged in an able and satisfactory manner 5o8 OLD LANDMARKS for a number of years, a part of which time he spent on the road in charge of the expert work of the company. In the latter capacity he traveled quite' extensively over the United States, setting up machinery and superintending the construction of plants, his efforts in this line adding greatly to his high reputation as a finished mechanic and master of his calling. In the year iSoo Mn. Bracher severed his connection with the Morgan Company to be- come chief engineer and manager of the Alli- ance water works, which position he held until 1898, \\hen he was made superintendent of the system, the duties of which responsible trust he has since ably discharged. Since taking con- trol of the water works he has added a number of valuable improvements and greatly increased the efficiency of the system, his management being able and business-like and fully meeting the expectation of the public. His thorough mastery of mechanical science enables him easily to detect the slightest flaw and to remedy it with dispatch. He gives personal attention to every detail of the plant, is untiring in his efforts to make it fully answer the purposes for which intended and today there are few cities in Ohio with as complete or as ably managed water works system as the plant in Alliance. Mr. Bracher, by his efficiency and devotion to duty, has earned the unbounded confidence of the people of his city and his tenure in the office he now holds is a matter of indefinite period, unless he sees fit to terminate it. Tlie domestic chapter in the life of ls\v. Braclier hears the date of December 24, 1883, at which time was solemnized his marriage with Miss Catherine Kolb, of Alliance, daughter of the late John Kolb, for many years a prominent moulder in the emi)loy of the Morgan Company, h^our children have been born to this anion, three of whom are living, namely: Mary, Olive and Blanche, all members of the happy home circle. Mr. Bracher is a friend of higher education and he has pro\ided his children the best advantages in this direction the country affords. The oldest daughter, after graduating from the Alliance high school, entered Mt. Union College, where she is now prosecuting her studies with an excellent record as a student. She is especially proficient in music, having received instructions from the best talent in this part of the state and as an expert pianist she has but few equals and per- haps no superiors in the city of Alliance. Olive, the second daughter, is also an alumnus of the city high school and a young lady of refined tastes and liberal culture. Her musical abili- ties are decidedly pronounced and she is now recognized as one of the most skillful violinists in this part of the country. The youngest daughter, like her sisters, is an apt student and gives every promise of excelling in her literary training and general accomplishments. Socially the family occupies a prominent po- sition and the different members are popular with their associates and useful in their re- spective spheres of activit}'. Politically Mr. Bracher is an uncompro- mising Republican and for some time past he has been an influential factor in the party in Alliance and Stark county. He served several years on the election board but is not himself an office seeker, although an active and zealous ^\■orker for his friends with aspirations in that direction. He holds fraternal relations with the Masonic and Pythian brotherhoods and in religion subscribes to the Presbyterian creed, belong'ing to the First church of that denomi- nation in Alliance, in wliich he also holds the position of trustee. HERMAN KLORER was' born January 26, 1836.' in Endingen, Baden, nermany, the son of John Klorer, a prominent grain dealer of that city. His mother was also noted for her business ability as well as for her high CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 509 social standing, the family belonging to the better class of the populace of Endingen. Her- man enjojed the best educational advantages his native city afforded, completing the pre- scribed course of the public schools and subse- quently pursuing his studies in high institu- tions of learning until becoming a finished scholar. When a young man he turned his at- tention to business pursuits and continued the same in Paris, France, for a number of years, meeting with success in his undertakings. With the object in view of finding a broader field and better opportunities, he finally left his native land and came to the United States, proceeding direct to Canton, Ohio, whither a cousin by the name of Joseph Biechele had pre- ceded him by some years. After spending about three years in various kinds of business, Mr. Klorer became interested in the Berger Manufacturing Company, which enterprise he helped organize and of which he was elected treasurer. He took an active part in promot- ing the company's interests and making it one of the leading industrial establishments of the city and to his able and judicious financial management is largely due the success which has marked its history from inception to the present time. Mr. Klorer held the important position of treasurer as long as he lived and discharged his ofiicial functions in such a man- ner as to gain the implicit confidence of all connected with the concern. He was also' a large stockholder in the enterprise and at the time of his death owned a third interest in the company. He was an accomplished business man not only as a skillful accountant, familiar with every detail of his position, but possessed executive ability which proved of great value in the management of aft'airs of the enterprise. Mr. Klorer was twice married, the first time in Canton to Miss Marie Ruska and, after her death, to Miss Rosa Lang, who survives him. He was independent in his political views, but generally voted with the Democratic party on national issues; although a great admirer and warm friend of the late President McKinley, whom he supported for the office of chief ex- ecutive. Among his German fellow citizens of Canton, he was largely a moulder of opinion and, irrespective of nationality, the people of the city held him in the highest personal re- gard. By reason of failing health, superin- duced by too close application to business affairs, Mr. Klorer, in 1897, made a trip to Europe, hoping thereby to regain his wornout physical energies. This proved a fruitless quest, as he died in August of that year in the city of Munich, from which place his remains ^vere taken to his former home in Baden and laid to rest in the burial ground of his ances- tors. Thus, at the age of sixty-one, passed away a manly man who had lived a useful life, achieved a large measure of success and made the world better by his presence. His name is sacredly enshrined in the memory of those with whom he mingled, both in his native land and the country of his adoption, and the record of an honorable, well-spent life is his most endur- HILLGREEN, LANE & COMPANY.— The city of Alliance offers great inducerrients for the prosecution of industries of wide scope and importance and in particular to manu- facturing enterprises, by reason of available supply resources, desirable facilities and ready fostering. That these advantages are recog- nized and appreciated in a practical way is shown in the securing to the city of so cele- brated an institution as that conducted by the firm whose name initiates this paragraph, — an institution which contributes a large quota to the prestige and material prosperity of the city and county. An industry of magnitude and with management all that experience and sci- ence can offer, it is assuredly not inconsistent that in this work be incorporated definite men- ,io OLD LANDMARKS tioii of the magnificent enterprise conducted by Hillgreen, I.anc & Company in the manufac- ture of the iiigliest type of that most noble of all instruments, the pipe organ, and in con- nection we cannot do better than to enter in complete form an ai-ticle appearing in the Alli- ance Daily Leader of September 23, 1902 : "Perhaps no institution in Alliance develops abroad a more desirable phase of reputation for our city tlian that of Hillgreen, Lane & Company, whose organs are being constantly installed in the leading churches of our, land. With large financial resources and with every facility that experience can dictate and capital obtain, this firm have taken a position in the very forefront of the trade. Their factory here is one of the largest and most complete estab- lishments in the Lhiited States for the building of pipe organs. Jn the splendid brick structure erected by the Alliance Building Company and purchased later by Hillgreen, Lane & Company, are constructed all the component parts of the king of instruments. Artisans have been brought together from the four corners of the earth for the carrying on of this art industry. Skilled lalx)r of the most specific type is re- quired for the work. Only men of special ap- titudes, trained under long and rigorous ap- prenticeship, ;u-e available here. Perhaps in no branch of mechanical industry is a higher degree of intelligence demanded of employes. So correlated are the various parts of the in- strument, so interdependent all the divisions of the work of that function of every detail in re- lation to the general organism must l)e under- stood and intelligently treated. "Looking upon the completed instrument, with its numberless daintily constructed motor valves, its interminal)le wilderness of tubing, its complexity of mechanical construction, and its thousands of tuneful pipes that only wait the touch of some master at the keys that they mav utter their strains divine, one feels hat here the limit of mechanical effort has been reached and that beyond lie Art and the realm of Soul. "One source of surprise to the visitor at the factory is the wide variety of materials em- pluyed in the wcjrk'. Tribute is levied upon the wilds of Africa for ivory and upon the forests of ^\sia for their ebony. Central and South America pay their toll of mahogany, cocobolo and rosewood, while a score of indigenous trees contribute to the list. The mineral kingdom adds its iron, brass, lead, zinc, tin, gold and silver, — in tiny spring or heavy casting, in tube of pipe or ornament, all serve somewhere in the complicated anatomy of the instrument. Leathers, too, perform an important function in organ building. We were shown skins wrought to the softness and thinness of silken fal)rics, bleached to the snowy whiteness or dyed to the richest shades. Deer thong, rawhide, sheepskin, sole leather and cordo^■an, — all are employed. "Not the least interesting department of the work is that in which the metal sheets are cast from which the tin and 'spotted metal' pi])es are formed. The crude but effective process em- ployed in this casting is said to have impro\ed but slightly during the past three centuries. In a caldron mer a specially constructed stove or furnace, the metals, mi.xed in the required pro- portions, are melted. On a long table of stone, set to a perfectly level surface, over which is tightly stretched a sheet of linen treated with a paint of soapstone, the metal is spread. A wooden matrix or mould of the width of the table receives the molten mass from the cruci- ble. From the bottom of this receptacle the metal is jiermitted to issue as it is passed with appropriate speed along the table. The aper- ture through A\liich the metal escapes can be regulated with a thumb screw, and sheets of metal can l)e obtained in varying thickness, from that of a sheet of writing paper to that of the heaviest cardboard. As the metal in this attenuated fnnn hardens immediately u])on be- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 51' ing exposed to the air, there is of course no further running. The result of this process — a clothhke sheet of beautiful metal — is then rolled up as a scroll, to wait the manipulations of the pipe makers and the voicers. We were shown pipes having a speaking length of scarce- ly a quarter of an mch, and of diameter less than that of the ordinary commercial lead pencil. Contrasting with these were others, in the great assembling room of the factory, having a length of eighteen or twenty feet and through the ample hollows of which a man could comfortably pass. Wood is also used in the con- struction of organ pipes, the heavier or more pervading tones of the instrument being usually olitained from pipes of this material. "The pipes of an organ, we learn, are fashioned in similitude of the human vocal apparatus, — palate, lips, cheeks, teeth and lungs have each a counterpart. The distinctive qualities of tone desired are obtained not only by assigning particular sizes and shapes to the pipes but also by means of definite though deli- cate manipulations of the palate, teeth, cheeks and lips. Upon this process the voicer depends for differentiating the tones into string, flute, organ or reed qualities, and upon his success in this work depends largely the merit of the instrument. In the voicing room the organ has, in a sense, 'breathed into its nostrils the breath of life,' for here its voices first break from the dead eternity of silence into the world of life and song. In the churches of the cities of many states of the Union the instruments of this firm are constantly ministering to the people with the benedictions of their throb- bing chords and the caressings of their gentler melodies. Horace Bushnell once said : 'Im- agine the great singer of Israel and the vast company of the Levites hearing for the first time in the temple of God a newly invented organ. What emotions roll over his soul and the souls of his great choir of performers! He rises and goes forth saving: "I will alter now my psalms. I will say no more of trumpets and cornets. I will call no more for psalteries and instruments of ten string's. But this is the instrument of God. This firm consists of Messrs. Alfred Hill- green, Charles A. Lane and S. J. Williams. Business was commenced in the spring of 1898 in y\.lliance, the firm being organized the same year under the name appearing at the head of this article. They had not before that time been engaged in the business and the growth of the enterprise has been simply mar\-elous. The firm is in no wav connected with any other organ building concern. JOHN A. ROACH, M. D.— The family which Dr. Roach represents is an old one, as his great-grandfather, Peter Roach, a native of Ireland, took passage on the first vessel that sailed from Cork after the American struggle for independence and, reaching the shores of the new world in due time, settled in Berks county, Pennsylvania. After spending a num- ber of years in that state, the above Peter re- moved to Columbiana county, Ohio, where he purchased land and developed a farm on which he spent the remainder of his clays as an in- dustrious tiller of the soil. Samuel Roach, son of Peter, was born in Pennsylvania, and when a }'outh accompanied his parents to Columbiana county. Ohio, where he grew to manhood's estate. He, too, was an agricultur- ist and devoted his active years to farming, realizing therefrom an ample competence for his old age. He married, near Carrollton, Miss Mary Biles and spent a number of years in the vicinity of that town, subsequently removing to Stark county, where he died after reaching the advanced age of four score years. His father was also past eighty when he died and the family from a remote period has been noted for longevity. Jason Roach, son of Samuel and Mary 512 OLD LANDMARKS Roach, was born June 22. 1S29, about six miles east of Carroliton, Oliio. and wlien an in- fant was brought to Stark county, his father carrying him the greater part of tlie way to the new home at RobertsviHe. where the family settled. When a young man Jason Roach went to Paris, where he learned cabinetmaking and ornamental painting, and after finishing his trades attended for some time the seminary at Marlboro, with the object in view of fitting hunself for some other calling. Later he be- gan the study of medicine at Augusta and after prosecuting the same for some }ears engaged in the practice of his profession, continuing the same with a large measure of success until 1885. when he wound up his business and re- tired to Alliance, where he is now spending the e\ening of a long and useful life. Jason Roach served in the late war as a member of Company F, One Hundred and Twenty-sixth Regiment Ohio Volunteers, enlisting in 1862 and partici- pating in a number of battles. Before being assigned to the hospital service, some time later, he signalized himself by strict devotion to duty in that department and at the expiration of his period of enlistment, in August, 1865, was dis- charged with an honorable record. Previous to the war he took an actixe part in political affairs and in 1859 was elected to the legis- lature, being the first Republican from his dis- trict to serve in that body. He has always been a stanch partisan and in addition to his interest in politics has held several local official po- sitions, including among others, that of justice of the peace, in which he served for a period of twenty-four years, receiving his first commis- sion from Salmon P. Chase, at that time gover- nor of Ohio. The maiden name of Mrs. Jason Roach was Delila Ashbrook ; she lx)re him two sons and two daughters, namely : William M., a lawyer practicing his profession in Alliance; Olive, wife of David B. Turnipseed, a promi- nent business man of the same city; Eva, who married Matthew IMcEwing, government agent at Crookston, Minnesota, antl the gentleman whose name introduces this sketch. Dr. John Roach was born in Augusta, Carroll county, Ohio, on December 5, 1858. After attending school until his twentieth year, he spent the ensuing five years as a teacher, meanwhile, on attaining his majority, taking up the study of medicine under the direction of his father and prosecuting the same when not engaged in educational work, until entering the medical department of the Western Reserve University in 1882. He was graduated from that institution after two years of laborious study and had the distinction of serving as treasurer of the class which completed the course in 1884. After his graduation. Dr. Roach opened an ofifice in Sherrodsville. where he practiced until 1886, when he closed out his business there and chose a larger and more promising field in the city of Alliance. Since locating in the city the Doctor's professional career has been a distinguished one and he now stands in rank with the leading physicians and surgeons of northeastern Ohio. His success has been com- mensurate with his ability and energy and, as stated in a preceding paragraph, his eminent services in the line of surgery have won him more than a state reputation. Personally, Dr. Roach is a refined gentle- man of pleasing address and agreeable man- ners and he impresses all with whom he comes in contact as possessing wide intelligence, liberal culture and remarkable strength of character. He belongs to the various medical organizations, local, state and national, and is also a Mason of high degree, being identi- fied with Blue Lodge No. 271 ; Alliance Chapter No. 83, Royal Arch Masons, in which he is now serving as high priest; Salem Com- mandeiy No. 42, Knights Templar; Emeth Grand Lodge of Perfection, at Canton, and the Al Koran Temple, Cleveland. He is one of the leading members of the Benevolent and CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 515 Protectixc Order of Elks in Alliance and served as iirst exalted ruler of Lodge No. 467. In politics the Doctor is an unwa\ering Re- publican and while not a partisan in the strict sense of the term, he takes an active interest in the welfare of his party and has great influence in its councils. Religiously he adheres to the faith of the Christian (or Disciple) church and is one of the leading members of that com- munication in Alliance. In the year 1880 was solemnized the mar- riage of Dr. Roach and i\Iiss ]\Iargaret A. Dunlap, of Salineville, Ohio, the issue of which is one daughter by the name of Rhea, who with her parents constitutes an unbroken domestic circle. JACOB E. McFADDEN, who is one of the well known and highly esteemed citizens of Alliance, is incumbent of the responsible position of supervisor of bridges and buildings for the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. He was born near \V'ilmington, Delaware, on the 15th of b'ebruary, 1847. being a son of Israel and Esther (Young) McEadden, of whose ten children six are living at the present time, namely : Charles, who is a retired farmer, re- siding in Mount Joy, Pennsylvania ; Mercer, who is a farmer of Chester county, that state ; Jacob E., who is the immediate subject of this sketch; Henry A., who resides in New Bright- on, Pennsylvania, and who is a foreman on the road under the direction of our subject ; Joseph, who is a contractor of Little Rock, Arkansas : and Rosanna. who is the wife of Thomas Davis, of West Grove, Pennsylvania. The paternal great-grandfather of the subject came from Scotland to the United States, while the par- ents of his paternal grandmother came from England, their name Ijeing Mercer. She was distantly related to General ]\Iercer, of Revo- lutionary fame. Israel McEadden was reared in Chester 32 county, Pennsylvania, where he was born, and upon attaining manhood he engaged in the» manufacture of woolen goods, continuing to operate woolen mills during his entire active business career. Shortly after his marriage he removed to the state of Delaware, but after a short interval he returned to Chester county, Pennsylvania, while later he remo\ed to Georgetown, Lancaster county, that state, where he died at the venerable age of eighty- two years. He was originally a Whig in poli- tics but after the organization of the Republican- party he gave his support to the same until his death. He was never an office-seeker but was c[uite active in local politics and was a man of ability and sterling character. His wife was- likewise born in Chester county, Pennsylvania, her parents having emigrated thither from Ger- many. She is now deceased. Jacob E. McEadden, subject of this re\iew, remained at the parental home until he was fourteen years of age, his educational advant- ages being such as were afforded in the com- mon schools. At the age noted he secured a position on a farm, where he remained about two years, and in August, 1862, when not vet sixteen years of age, he enlisted as a private in Company E, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, for service in the Civil war. He continued to serve in the ranks for nine months and was then detailed as a member of the construction department, and in this capacity he continued to serve until the close of the war. He participated in the battles of Antietam, South Moimtain and Chancellors- ville, and at the last named point, on the 3d of May, 1863, he was captured by the eneni}- and was held in Libby and Belle Isle prisons about thirty days. During this time his term of en- listment expired and upon his release he Avas employed by the government in the construction of bridges, repairing railroads, etc., as implied in a foregoing statement. After the close of the war the subject had 514 OLD LANDMARKS no regular employment for nearlj' a year, and he then accepted a position with the Keystone Bridge Company, of Pittsburg. He worked but a brief time for this concern before there came a recognition of his superior ability and his fidelity, and he was made superintendent of bridge construction. He continued in the em- ploy of this company about fourteen years, at the expiration of which he was tendered and accepted his present position, in which he has since continued to render most discriminating and satisfactory service. In politics Mr. Mc- Fadden is a stanch advocate of the. principles and policies of the Republican party and fra- ternally he has risen to high degrees in the Masonic order, being a member of Conrad Lodge No. 271, Free and Accepted Masons; Alliance Chapter No. 83, Royal Arch Masons ; Salem Council, Royal and Select Masters, and Salem Commandery No. 42, Knights Templar; and also of Elida Lodge of Perfection, in Can- ton ; Lake Erie Consistory, of the Ancient Ac- cepted Scottish Rite, in Cleveland, and Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine, in that city, while he is also identified with Alliance Lodge of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. On the 1 6th of July, 1878, Mr. McFadden ■was united in marriage to Miss Frances E. Billings, of Athol, Massachusetts. They have no children. FRANCIS M. REED.— A worthy repre- sentative of one of the sterling pioneer fami- lies of Stark county and incumbent of the re- sponsible position of superintendent of the Can- ton city parks, Mr. Reed well merits recogni- tion in this compilation, which has to do with those who have been the founders and build- ers of his native county and the conservators of its progress and prosperity. Mr. Reed was born in Osnahurg township. Stark coun- ty, on the -ith of No^'embcr. 1857, and as a boy he began to lend his aid in the manifold duties pertaining to the work of the farm, while he conned his lessons in the district schools during the winter months, thus laying the foundation for the excellent fund of information and practical knowledge which he has since gained through the associa- tions and experience of an active and useful career. His father, John Emory Reed, was a cooper by trade, and was a native of Osna- hurg township. Stark county, Ohio, where he was born July 9, 1834. His death occurred in Pike township, this county, January 12, 1866, at which time the subject was in his ninth year. The maiden name of the subject's mother was Amanda Smith. She was born in Pike township. Stark county, December 20, 1838, the daughter of John Smith, one of Stark county's old and respected pioneers. She still resides on her father's old homestead in Pike township. To John E. and Amanda Reed were liorn three children. Emeretta, Mary A. and Francis M., the subject of our sketch, the eldest of the family. He remained at home until his twenty-fourth year, when he came to Canton, and took up the trade of carpenter and also that of stationary engineering, while in his boy- hood he had secured no little facility as a coop- er, through working in his father's shop, so that he was not ill prepared to assume the inde- pendent work of life upon attaining years of maturity. In 1881 he came to Canton, and here for a term of years he worked as a carpenter during the summer months, while during the winters he found employment as a stationary engineer, thus jiutting his technical knnwledge to practical and effective use. For seven years he held the position of janitor of the North Cherry street school house, and in 1894 he was appointed to the office of superintendent of the public parks of the city, in which capacity he continued until May 4, 1903. During former years he had gi\-en no little attention to garden- ing, and this experience, together with his CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 5^5 knowledge of carpentering and engineering, made him peculiarly eligible for this prefer- ment. He fully demonstrated the wisdom of the choice made in selecting him for the office, and under his direction the beautiful park sys- tem of the city was greatly improved, while everything about the same shows the careful and scrupulous attention paid to keeping the parks in the best of order and rendering them attractive. Mr. Reed showed marked discrimi- nation and enthusiastic interest in his work, and that his efforts were not lacking popular and official appreciation is evident from his long re- tention as superintendent. He has a pleasant home at i6ig East Lake street, where he has a small green house, in which he propagates many choice varieties of flowering plants and shrubs. In politics he is independent and fra- ternally he is a prominent member of the Inde- pendent Order of Foresters, being identified with both the lodge and the Uniform Rank, in which latter he is past court deputy. On the 27th of September, 1883, in Canton, Mr. Reed was united in marriag^e to Miss Mary E. Frease, who was born in Washington coun- ty, Pennsylvania, May 9, 1858, being a daugh- ter of George and Caroline (Saxton) Frease, and of this union two children were born, Harry E., wlio remains at the parental home, and Lester W., \\^lio died at the age of two years. John Smith, the maternal grandfather of the subject, was a member of one of the early pioneer families of Stark county, having re- moved hither from Lancaster county, Penn- sylvania, in company with his parents, in the early years of the nineteenth century, being a mere child at the time. He was born in Lan- caster county, Pennsylvania, in 1800, and he was reared to manhood in Stark county, Ohio, where he passed practically his entire life, his death occurring on the old homestead, in Pike township, in 1888. William Reed, the paternal grandfather, came to Stark countv with his father in the early days, having been born in Pennsylvania, where the family was estab- lished in the colonial epoch, and he located land in 0.snaburg township, where he improved a farm and where he passed the remainder of his life, passing away at advanced age, as did also his devoted wife, whose maiden name was Nancy Engle. JOSEPH CALMELAT.— The subject of this review, who is the present superintendent of streets of the city of Canton, is a native son , of Stark county, and in both the paternal and maternal lines is a representative of loyal and eminently sterling French stock, the former of whom were old established families of Bratan. and the latter of Romania, France, both fami- lies prominently identified with the annals of 'this section of the Lhiited States from the early pioneer epoch. The subject is a son of Peter Claude Calmelat, who was born in the province of Al- sace, France, which is now a portion of the German empire, the date of his nativity having been April 19, 1819. He was a son of John and Katherine Calmelat, and in 1833, when he was thirteen years of age, the family enji- grated to America, all of the children having been born in France. They landed in New York city, and thence came on to Stark county, Ohio, and located on a farm at Rome, Nimishillen township, where the majority of the French settlers had established their homes. There John Calmelat and his wife passed the remain- der of their lives. Peter C. Calmelat grew to manhood on the homestead farm and received a common school education. In his youth he learned the carpenter trade, to which he con- tinued to devote his attention for a number of years. He married Miss Magdalene Hadet, the only child of Jacob Hadet. She was born in France and there her mother died when she was but two years old. Her father afterwards 5i6 OLD LANDMARKS left her in care of his sister and came to the United States to' seek a h(jine. He undoubtedly came directly to Stark county, knowing of the settlements of his countrymen in this section. He finally purchased a farm in the vicinity of the village of Louisville, and some time after- wards returned to France for his daughter, the mother of the subject, and after returning subsequently consummated a second marriage, being united with Miss Madalene Calmclat, an elder sister of the father of the subject, so that the relationship of the two families has become doubly intimate. As already noted, the mother of the subject was the only child of the iirst marriage, and of the second two children were born, n^amely : ]\Iary, who is the widow of a Mr. Bournicat, who was drowned while crossing the Atlantic, the boat on which he had taken passage having gone to the Ixjttom of the sea ; she now resides in Louisville, this county ; and Frances, who died in her girlhood. After this marriage Peter Claude Calmelat took up his residence at Louisville, where he continued in the work of his trade for a time, and later was similarly engaged in Buftalo, New York. He soon returned to Louisville, however, where his death occurred March lo. 1898, at the age of .seventy-nine years and eleven months, honored by all who knew him. His wife, who was Ixirn on the 19th of April, 1823. also died in Louisville, May 8, 1884. Lt the following- paragraph mention is made of their children. Nicholas, who was born in Rome, this county, was there reared to the age of twenty years, having recejved a common school edu- cation, and he then went to Fort Wayne, Indi- ana, where he found eniplnNincnt in the car shops, and became an expert car-builder. Li that city he married Miss Augustine LaCraw, and later removed to Chicago, Illinois, where he took charge of the building department of the South Side Street Railway Company, eventu- ally becoming general manager, while he was the invent(jr of many improxements in con- nection with car building, securing patents on many of his devices. Later he became incum- bent of a responsible position in the empluv of the Pullman Palace Car Company, at Pull- man, Illinois. While in Fort W'ayne he was joined by his brtjther Jacob, and in 1869 they went to the gold fields of California, eventually returning to Chicago to take up the work already noted. From that city he finally went to Seattle, Washington, where his death oc- curred. Jacob Calmelat, the second of the chil- dren of Peter C. Calmelat, was also born in Rome, this county, and, as already noted, went west with his elder brother and passed some time in the guld fields of California. Later he went to Arizona and from there, in 1S71. t(i old Mexico,' prospecting for gold, arriving there with but ten cents in his pocket. He securcfl employment in a Hour mill owned by an American, and several years later bought the mill, which he operaterl until 1885, when he disposed of the propertv and returned to his home in Stark county for a visit witli his famil}-. On his return to ^lexico he purchased an immense ranch, the same being twelve miles in length and six m width, in the slate of Sonora. which lies along the gulf of California, and there he still resides, having his ranch finelv stocked and conducting his operations on an extensi\-e scale, hr.ank'. who was burn in Plain township, this conntv, resides at the old home in Louisville. I''elicia, who was burn in Louis\ille, is the wife of James Gallagher, of Canton. Joseph, the subject of this sketch, w'as the next m order of birth. Peter died at the age of twentv-eight vears. l^ouis died in in- fanc\'. as tlid also two other children. Joseph Calmelat was born in Louisville, Stark county, Ohio, on the J9th of June. 1859. and his educational discipline was received in the public ;uul ])arochial schools of his native village. In 1873 his father, who was em- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 5'7 pl(j}'e'l 111 railroad work, had liis hand Ijadly crushed, wliile his son Frank met with a similar accident a few weeks later, necessi- tating- amputation of the member. The rail- road C(jmpany, soon after this sent a represent- ative to the home and asked tha-t the subject, thijugh only fourteen \-ears of age, be allowed to take his father's place. He was thus com- pelled to cut short his school work and to as- sume heavy responsibilities. He was put to Wdi'k on a wrecking train, and his labors were of arduous character, such as loading gravel trains, handling steel rails, etc. The ambition of the }"outh was slio^^n in the fact that after a hard day's work he would devote the even- ing til studv, aiming to keep in touch with the progress made by his former classmates. He continued to be thus ein]:)loyed until 1877, on Novemlier 7th of which year he went to the city i)f Chicago, realizing that he must find employment which Avould offer him a chance for ad\'ancement, if he hoped to be other than a commi in laborer. He was taken ill in Chi- cago-, and his eldest brother advised him to seek outside employment. He accordingly se- cured a position as driver on the street car lines of that city, horses being utilized at that time. He continucfl tii be thus engaged about three years and then worked at the harnessmaking trade about two years in that city, having previousl}' served a partial apprenticeship at r.ouisville, Ohio. During these two years he continued his educational work under private tutors. In 1881 he returned to his iiati\'e town, where, on the 13th of October, of the same year, he was united in marriage to Miss Lizzie Rallay, who was born in Louisville, this county, being a daughter of T^eonard and Frances (Jillotl Baliay. .After his marriage he re- turned \vith his bride to Chicago, where he con- tinued in the work of his trade for the follow- ing three months, at the expiratiim of which time he again returned to I^ouisvillc. where he engaged in the harness and saddlerv business on his own responsibility, building up a good trade and continuing the enterprise until 1884, when he came to Canton, where he was em- ployed by the street railway company until April of the following year, when he took the position of plow inspector in the works of the Bucher-Gibbs Company, retaining this in- cumbency until 1888, after which he was in the employ of the Gilliam Manufacturing Company until August, 1890. In the meanwhile, in 1886, he took up the study of law in the office of W'ana & Bow, of this citv, and continued to devote his leisure time to technical reading in this line until 1890. He had been frugal and economical during these years of close appli- cation to work and had accumulated a small financial surplus, which he ni>w determined to devote to the supplementing of his education- al discipline. He was matriculated in Mount Union College in the fall of 1890, and there completed a three years course in special branches. He then passed a few months as salesman in the china and crockery store of Bour Brothers, in Canton, but his health be- came so impaired as to render it expedient for him to again seek outdoor employmeiTt. In the autumn of 1894 he again entered the employ of the Gilliam Manufacturing Company, re- maining with them until April, 1898, when he was elected justice of the peace, as candidate of the Democratic party. He served one term and refused a re-nomination. On the expiration of his term, in .April, 1901, he was appointed as- I sistant street commissioner, by David Sommer, the commissioner, and the appointment was duly confirmed by the council, and in this capacity he continuetl until the 4th of May, 1903, when under tlie new law, he was ap- pointed by the board of public service to his present office, and in both has rendered effec- tive service. Iii politics he has ever given an unqualified allegiance to the Democratic part]', and his religicius faith is that of the Catliolic church, in which he was reared and of which 518 OLD LANDMARKS his wife is a communicant. They have one child, Gladys ^lercedes, who was born in Louis- ville, this county, on the 2ist of July, 1891, and who is now attending the public schools. JOHN MATTI is a nati\e of Switzerland, where he was boni in October, 1850, being a son of Emanuel and Catherine (Smith) Matti, the latter of whom died when the subject was a child of but four years, while he was eighteen years of age when his father passed away. He had received his educational training in the schools of his native canton and continued to assist his father in the work of the home farm and also learned the art of cheesemaking under his effective direction. In 1870, two years after the death of his father, being' entirely dependent upon his own resources and feeling assured that the United States would afford superior opportunities for the attaining of a position of independence through individual effort, Mr. Alatti emigrated to America, land- ing at Castle Garden, New York, and thence coming to Holmes county, Ohio, and locating in the village of Black Creek, where he at once set about finding an occupation which would aft'ord him a living. He secured employment on the construction work of the Cleveland, Mount Vernon & Columbus Railroad, and continued in this work for a period of about sixteen months, at the expiration of which he came to the city of Alliance, Stark county, where, for about the same length of time, he was employed in the steel-rolling mill, and then hired out as a farm hand in the vicinity. However, he found it impossible to maintain amicable relations with his eniployer and a short time later secured work at cheesemaking, being employed on salary for one year and then, in the autumn of 1874. he returned to Switzerland to collect a sum of money there due him and also to transact other business. After giving his attention to these affairs he invested his money in merchandise of varied kinds, for which he believed he could find a ready and profitable sale m the United States, and with the same he embarked for the return voyage, on the French steamship "Europe," and when the boat was about mid-ocean, having passed through heavy seas and been irreparably damaged, it v/ent to the bottom, the passengers escaping in the small boats but losing practically all their possessions, Mr. Matti having nothing but the clothes which he was wearing at the time. The imperiled passengers were finally rescued by another vessel and in due time reached their destination in New York city. Mr. Matti forthwith returned to Ohio and located in Columbiana county, where he engaged in the manufacture of cheese on his own respon- sibility, having contracted for milk from vari- ous farmers prior to going abroad. A year later he came again to Stark county and located on the farm adjoining his present homestead on the south, and here he successfully continued the manufacturing of cheese for the ensuing three years, carefully conserving his resources and beginning to descry the dawning of defi- nite prosperity as the reward for his assiduous and well directed efforts. At the expiration of the period noted he removed to the village of New Berlin, where he continued in the same line of industry, securing milk from the farm- ers of the vicinity and ever giving most scru- pulous care to the process of manufacturing, so that the superior products of his establish- ment found a ready demand on the markets. There he made his headquarters for an inter- val of eleven years, and simultaneously main- tained two branch factories at other points, employing capable persons to conduct the prac- tical work of the same. In 1889 he purchased his present homestead farm, of one hundred and eighty-five acres, in Marlboro township, and about three years later he effected the purchase of eighty acres lying contiguous on the north, so that his landed estate now comprises two CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 519 hundred and sixty-five acres. He has made excellent improvements on the places, includ- ing the erection of two large and substantial modern barns, and his land is maintained under a most effective state of cultivation, being- devoted to diversified agriculture, while he has also devoted no little attention to the rais- ing of high-grade live stock, especially hogs, and has also continued the manufacture of cheese upon a somewhat extensive scale, the insistent demands for his products in the line rendering it expedient for him to continue the enterprise. He has been progressive in his ideas. e\-er energetic and indefatigable in Ms labors, annnated by the most sturdy integrity of purpose. In politics Mr. Matti gives his support to the Democracy so far as national issues are involved, but in local affairs he is liberal in his views. In 1873 Mr. Matti was united in marriage to Miss Louisa Halde, who was born in Switz- erland, being a daughter of Jacob Halde, who emigrated thence to the United States. To Mr. and Mrs. Matti have been born eleven children, of whom the following eight are living : Emma, John, Mary, Flora, Ella, Hulda, William and Caroline. REUBEN WISE SHRIVER, dealer in agricultural implements and all kinds of ma- chinery, is one of the leading business men of New Baltimore, and his reputation as a suc- cessful salesman has given him wide publicity throughout Stark and adjoining counties. Mr. Shriver is a native of Portage county, Ohio, and the son of Elias and Eliza (Wise) Shriver, both parents descended from old families of Pennsylvania and Virginia, the former born about 1818 in Canton township, the latter in 1821, one mile east of Middlebranch. These parents spent their lives in the state of their birth, the father dying in 1890, the mother in 18S9, both being buried in the cemetery at Marlboro. Reuben Wise Shriver was born August 10, 1856, in Randolph township, and at the proper age entered a select school at Randolph, which he attended until his sixteenth year, the mean- while of summer seasons assisting his father in cultivating the farm. He devoted his attention to agriculture during his youth and young manhood, and after attaining his majority con- tinued its pursuit as his principal vocation until 1901, at which time he moved to New Balti- more and engaged in the sale of agricultural machinery. Mr. Shriver has built up a lu- crative business in the handling of farm ma- chinery and in:plements, and at this time com- mands as extensive trade in these as any man in the county. He represents some of the larg- est companies in the United States, notably among which are the Bucher-Gibbs Plow Com- pany, of Canton, the Thomas Manufacturing Company, of Springfield, Ohio, the Piano Man- ufacturing Company, of Chicago, D. Y. Hal- lock & Son, York, Pennsylvania, besides hand- ling the products of many other leading con- cerns. In his capacity of salesman he has vis- ited every locality in Stark county, in addition to which his territory includes large portions of the counties adjacent thereto, the volume of his business being so great at certain seasons as to require the help of a number of assistants to set up the machinery, which he sells. A man of sound business sense, clear judgment, keen sagacity and possessing executive ability of a high order, he seldom fails in any of his plans and foresees with remarkable clearness the fu- ture outcome of present action. While highly regarded as a safe, reliable and eminently hon- orable business man, he is also respected as a citizen, being greatly esteemed in the commun- ity of his residence, throughout the county and wherever known. Mr. Shriver is a Republican in politics and. 520 OLD LANDMARKS like all intelligent and enterprising citizens, manifests a liNX'l)- interest in the qnestions of the day, keeping himself well informed rela- tive thereto. He is identified with the Macca- bees fraternity, and belongs to the Christian chnrch of New Baltimore, his children also being members nf the same congregation. Mr. Shriver was married, in 1884, to Miss Bertha D. Maxwell, whose birth occurred in Portage county, three miles east of Randolph, in the year 1861. Her parents, John and Elsie Maxwell, were members of old and highly respected families of Ohio and for many years the father followed agriculture for a livelihood, as did his ancestors from an early period. Mrs. Shriver departed tliis life on April 5, 1901. leaving three children, whose names and dates of birth are as follows: Ethel L., September 25, 1885; Ruth E., June 12, 1887, and Milton E.. August 28, 1893, '^ll living at home with their father, constituting a most agreeable fam- il\- circle. CORWIX D. BACHTEL.— The Bachtel iamih' is one of the oldest and most honoi'ed in Stark county, where it was established ninety years ago, and the genealogy is fully outlined in the exhaustive article appearing on other pages of this work and indexed under the title of Moses A. Bachtel, the venerable uncle of the subject. Corwin 1). Bachtel was born in the city of Canton. Stark county, Ohio, cm the 9th of April. 1862, being a son of John Menry and Elizabeth B. (Welch) Bachtel. who now reside at 819 Liberty street, this city, where they have long maintained their home, the fath- er being one of the representative citizens of the county. He was born in Pike township, this county, on the 25th of November, 1830, and in 1832 accompanied his parents on their removal to ITuntington county, Indiana, but in 1856 he retm^ned to Canton and entered the em]>liiy of the .\uUnian Compau}'. with which concern he remained for the long period of thirty-seven years, being now retired from ac- tive business. He was married on the ist of January, 1861, to ^^liss Elizabeth B. Welch, who was likewise born in this county, and they became the parents of two children, Corwin D., subject of this review, and Helen, who is now a teacher in the shorthand and stenography de- partment of the Union school of Canton. Corwin D. Bachtel received his educational training ni the public schools of Canton, and was graduated from the high school in the class of 'y^. On the 14th of November of the same year he entered the George D. Harter & Brother Bank as messenger, and worked his way up until he became George D. Harter's chief assistant. The death of Mr. Harter oc- curred in December, 1890, and the Ij.ank was re-organized in 1891', as the George D. Harter Bank, of which Mr. Bachtel was elected cashier. It was through Mr. Bachtel's efforts that the re-organization of the bank was accuniplislicd, he securing tiie co-operation of many promi- nent financial men of Stark county as directors and stockholders. Mr. Bachtel left the George D. Harter bank in January, icpo, and almost immediately took up the organizalicm of the Canton State Bank, which organization was under headway, and on May 21. 1900, the Canton State Bank began business with Mr. Bachtel as the cashier. Mr. Bachtel is one of tlie ])iiimlar and honored citizens ;ind business men of Canton, wliere he has passed his entire life, and where he has attained success through his own efforts. In politics he is a stanch Repulilican so far as state and national issues are in\o]\e(l. but in local affairs he maintains an independent at- titude. He was a memljer of the board of edu- cation from 1894 to 1898, inclnsi\-e, and served as tt'easurer of the board for three years and also as chairman of its finance committee dur- ing a portion of tlie time, having been con- tinuouslv a member of saitl committee, while he C. D. BACHTEL. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. C.2 I was also chairman of the teacher's committee for two years and a memher of the ^ame for his full term of four years. He has been a member of the Simpson Methodist Episcopal church from liis boyhood, while he has for many years been an officer in the same, serv- ing as steward, trustee, etc., and being at the present time chairman of the board of trustees, and also chairman of the finance committee. He has taken a deep interest in all departments of the church work, and has long been active in its Sunday school, in which he has a class at the present time. ^Irs. Bachtel is also a zealous and devoted member of the church. Fraternally the subject is identified Avith the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, having been a member of the Nimisella Lodge No. 39, for the past twenty years, and also \vith the Junior Order of United American Mechanics and the Knights of Honor. In Canton, on the 17th of September, 1884, Mr. Bachtel was united in marriage to ]\Iiss Alice S. Stone, who was born in this city, be- ing a daughter of William S. and Kate (Bell) Stone, who now resides at 1002 West Fourth street. Mr. and Mrs. Bachtel have four chil- dren, namely: Raymond I., who was born August II, 1885, and who is a member of the class of 1903 in the Canton high school; Kate E., who was born June 13, 1888. and is now in her second year in the high school ; Arthur D., who was born Feljruary 14, 1894, and who is a student in the public schools, as is Margaret A., who was born August 9, 1896. The family is prominent in the social life of the community and I\Ir. Bachtel has well upheld the prestige of a name which has long been honored in Stark countv. WILLIAM E. MELBOURNE.— During the dark and bloody epoch of persecution of the French Huguenots in the days following the revocation of the edict of Nantes, many of those unfortunate and noble people fled to other lands lor safety and among the number were the paternal ancestors of the subject of this sketch. They escaped from their native land and made their way to the friendly shores of Ireland, securing tracts of land in Queens county and becoming powerful and influential landlords of the Emerald Isle. Lord Mel- bourne, whose name is well known in history, was a cousin of the grandfather of him whose name initiates this sketch. A number of the members of the family became members of the Society of Friends in Ireland, and of this simple and noble faith was John Melbourne, grand- father of our subject. John Melbourne mar- ried a Miss Colclough. who was a communicant of the estalilished church of England, and by reason of having married outside the Quaker church he was excommunicated and also lost his property, though he in time became prosper- ous through his own eft'orts and recouped the losses of earlier days. He continued to reside in Queens county. Ireland, until his death, when well advanced in years. His son, Henry, father of William E.. was born in Queens county, about 1823, and he there followed farming and milling and also conducted a mercantile business in the town of Mount Rath. His wife, whose maiden name was Jane Sawyer, was likewise a native of Queens county, being a daughter of Frank and Catherine (Hugo) Sawyer, the latter being likewise of French Huguenot stock and of the same family line as the late Victor Hugo. Henn- Melbourne died on his old homestead, in Queens county, Ireland, in 1896, and there his widow still resides, being about eighty years of age at the present time. George Melbourne, a great-uncle of our subject, was an officer in the English army during the Crimean war, and during his service had sc\'en horses shot from under him, while the name has been of promi- nence in civic and public affairs in Ireland for several generations. Of the children of Henry 52^ OLD LANDMARKS and Catherine (Sawyer) Melbourne we enter the following brief record : John, now de- ceased, was a resident of Canton and is individ- ually mentioned on other pages of this work. Matilda is the wife of Thomas Murphy, of Cleveland, Ohio. Jane became the wife of Arthur Ellis, who was an officer in the English army, and after his death she married a Mr. Stokes, and they now reside in Australia. Elizabeth is the wife of John Kerr, of Water- ford, Ireland. Caroline is the widow of John Foster, and she resides in the state of Cali- fornia. Frank came to America and it is sup- posed that he located in the west, the family having- lost trace of him. Henry remains on the old homestead farm in Ireland. William E. is the immediate subject of this review. Marian is the wife of a Mr. Mackey, of Pitts- burg, Pennsylvania. Emma is the wife of John Colclough. George F. S. is the subject of an individual sketch appearing elsewhere in this work. Herbert and Gertrude were twins, the former having died at the age of twenty- four years, while the latter remains on the old homestead with her venerable mother. William E. Melbourne was born on the home farm, in Queens county, Ireland, on the 25th of February, 1862, and was reared under the sturdy discipline implied, while his early educational training was received in excellent public and private schools. At the age of twenty years he came to the United States to join his brother John, \vho had established a home in Canton, and upon his arrival in this place the subject entered the employ of his brother, who was at that time engaged in the erection of the city hall. Under the direction of his brother he learned the trade of brick and stone mason, and after remaining there between two and three years he returned to his home, in the Emerald Isle, where he continued to re- side for the following five years, at the expi- ration of which, in 1889, he returned to America and once more took up his abode in Canton, where he engaged in contracting and building on his own responsibilitj', and here he has since continued to be identified with this important line of mdustrial activity, while he has been concerned in the erection of many important buildings in this section. He erected the school buildings on East Fourth street and Aultman avenue; made extensive repairs on the Bass building, which was practically re- modeled ; erected the Scherer building, at the corner of T'ourth and ^larket streets; the county workhouse and the west part of the court house, in which lines he saved to the county fully thirty thousand dollars in the work and incidental transactions. In August, 1901. he entered into partnership with his brother, George F. S., and they ha\-e since carried on a large and important contracting business under the firm name of Melbourne Brothers. In 1901 they erected the building of the local electric-light plant; in 1902 built the McCurdy block and the afldition to the school house on West North street, while at the time of this writing the}" have in course of construction the Auditorium and Market House building, at the corner of Third street and Cleveland avenue, this being one of the most important contracts awarded in Canton in late years. The firm ha^•e the highest reputation for ability and correct business methods, and their every contract is carried out according to specifications and with absolute fidelity to all terms of agreement. Our subject is a man of distinctive business acumen, is progressive in his attitude and is known as one of the leading contractors and representative business men of Canton. In politics Mr. Melbourne advocates the principles of the Republican party, to whose candidates he usually gives his support, though he is not so strongly partisan that he will not sunprirt the men and measures appro\-e(l bv his judgment simply because they appear in con- nection with an opposing ticket. He and his CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 523 wife are communicants of the Protestant Epis- copal church, holding membership in the Can- ton Episcopal church, of whose vestry he was formerly a member. He became identified with the Masonic fraternity while a resident of Ireland, and is at the present time affiliated with Canton Lodge No. 60. Free and Accepted Masons. In this city on the 9th of August, 1894, Mr. Melbourne was united in marriage to Miss Frances E. Waters, who was born and reared in Queens county, Ireland, and to this union have been born four children : Frances J., Her- bert Sidney, William Henry and Mildred Edith. WILLIAM Mackenzie.— In the pic- turesque town of Glenluce, situated at the head of the bay of Luce, in Wigtownshire, the south- ernmost county of Scotland, William MacKen- zie was ushered into the world on the 23d of August, 1857. His parents were both born and spent their youth in Wigtownshire. On his mother's side all the grandparents sprung from a race of Macks, McKies and McKeans, their native towns being Newton, Stewart and Wig- town. William McKie was a gardener and also kept store and hotel in Glenluce for many years. He died in Glenluce at the age of sev- enty-three. The grandmother, whose maiden name was Agnes McKean, died with the chol- era at the age of fifty-five years, having taken the cholera while nursing a sailor who had contracted the disease while returning from a foreign trip. William MacKenzie, the immediate sub- ject of this review, attended the schools of his native town until he was about twelve years of age, having also devoted as much time as possible to prosecuting his studies at home, both prior and subsequently to this age. There- after he was engaged in selling newspapers, acting as messenger boy and doing such other work as came to hand until he was fourteen years of age, when he secured employment in a dry-goods establishment in his native village, where he remained four years, gaining a val- uable knowledge of business methods and of the details of this particular line of enterprise. He then secured a position in a large dry-goods establishment in the city of Glasgow, being as- signed to the dress-goods department and re- ceiving forty pounds per year in compensation for his services, and continuing" to be connected with this emporium for nearly four years. While serving his apprenticeship in the business in his native town Mr. Mac Kenzie had formed the acquaintance of a fellow employe, Robert S. Bell, who is his present partner, and the acquaintanceship thus made led to their final association in business in a locality far distant from their native land. In 1877, believing that better advantages for attaining independence through individual effort were to be found in the United States, Mr. MacKenzie, who was then twenty-one years of age, erhbarked in Glasgow on the steamship Ethiopia, of the Anchor line, and set sail for America, landing in New York city as a stranger in a strange land and with just enough money to pay his fare to his destination, the city of Rochester, New York, where he had been assured of a po- sition in the establishment of Sibley, Lindsay & Curr. With this well-known firm he re- mained for a period of eighteen months, re- ceiving six hundred dollars for his annual sal- arv and an honorarium of one hundred dollars if he remained the full year. He became im- bued with the western fever and at the expira- tion of the eighteen months he went to St. Lou- is, Missouri, where he secured a position the day after his arrival, entering the employ of the dry-goods house of Scruggs, Vandervoort & Barnev. and he continued his residence in that city for three years and nine months, during six months of which interval he was in the employ of B. Nugent & Brother. At this time 524 OLD LANDMARKS Peter Goudie, who was born and reared in the same locahty as our subject and who was in business in a small town in the state of New York, decided to make a change of location and accordingly came to Canton, in the mean- while writing Mr. MacKenzie a request to join him here. This he did, arriving in the city in March, 1882, in which year Mr. Goudie here established himself in the dry -goods busi- ness in the location now held by the firm of MacKenzie & Bell. Mr. MacKenzie was placed in charge of the dress-goods and thus continued for a period of thirteen years, at the expiration of which, in 1896, Messrs. MacKenzie & Bell purchased the business, which they have ever since continued, having built up one of the most important retail enterprises of the sort in the city and securing a representative pat- ronage. Their establishment is located at 224 North [Market street, is spacious and well ar- ranged, metropolitan in all its appointments, while the stock carried is of a select and com- prehensi\-e order, comprising all lines usually handled in a high-class dry-goods house. Mr. Goudie had enlarged the store two years before his withdrawal from business, and the stock carried by the present firm is far more extensive than that originally demanded, which fact in- dicates the cunuilative tendency of the enter- prise under the effective and honorable manage- ment of the mterested principals. Though Mr. MacKenzie is essentially and distincti\'ely a business man be does not hedge himself in with his individual interests but manifests a lively concern in all that touches the wellbeing of his home city and keeps in touch with the questions of public policy. In national affairs he gives his support to the Re- pul)lican party, but in local matters, where no issue is involved, he is independent of strict ]);utisan lines and lends his influence in the furthering of such measures and the supporting of such men as meet the appro^■al of his judg- ment. He was reared in the faith of the Pres- byterian church, and ■ after his marriage he 1 identified himself with the Methodist Episco- pal church. Iiolli he and his wife being active 1 and valueil members of the First ^Methodist Episcopal church of Canton, of whose board of ' trustees he is a member at the present time. ' He is also a member of the Masonic fraternity. On the 26th of April, 1889, Mr. MacKen- zie was united in marriage to Miss Carrie Krause. a daughter of John I'Crause, a well known and honored citizen of Canton, in whose public schools Mrs. MacKenzie had been a sue- | cessful and popular teacher up to the time of her marriage. Of this union have been born six children, namely : Ruth Agnes, who died in infancy; William, who is now (1903) twelve years of age ; Mary, who died at the age of foin^teen and one-half months; Robert, aged seven ; (irace, aged five ; and Jessie, aged two. HARRY S. RENKERT.— The Renkert family is of standi German extraction and was early founded in America, the original progenitors settling in the state of Pennsyl- vania, whence its representatives came later as pioneers of Tuscarawas county, Ohio, settling in the immediate vicinity of Canal Dover. There Jacob J. Renkert, father of the subject, was born, in the year 1847, and he was reared on the homestead farm, while he secured such educational advantages as were to be bad in the common schools of the locality and period. At the age of eighteen years he became identi- fied with the manufacture of brick in his native county, securing an interest in a brick yard at Canal Dover, and he continued to be engaged in the manufacturing of building brick until he had attained the age of thirty years, when he directed his attention to the manufacturing of fire-brick, continuing operations in this line at Canal Dover until 1888, when he disposed of his interests there and came to Canton, where he l)ecame one of the organizers and a leading CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 525 stockliolder of tlie Royal Brick Company. He continued to be acti\ely identified with iliis concern until its interests Avere merged into the ]\JetropoHtan Paving Brick Company, in ■Nlarcli, 1902, when he became a stockholder in the new company- and a meni1)er of its director- ate, while he has since retained the executive otiice of manager of the Royal plant of the concern, in Canton, being one of the honored business men and representati\e citizens of Can- ton. He gave his support to the Democratic party in 1892, when he found himself so out of accord with the heretical financial policy of the same that he showed the courage of his convictions by arraying himself in the ranks of the Republican party, of whose cause he has since been a stanch advocate. He is a valued member of the Lutheran church. As a young- man he was united in marriage to ]\Iiss Emma Lahm, who was born in Canal Dover, Tuscara- was county, in 1854, and she died in Canton, in 1896, having been a woman of noble attributes of character and gracious presence. She is survived Ijy- her three children, namely: Harry S.. the subject of this sketch; Oliver W., who is engaged in the practice of dentistry in Akron, this state, and Addie C, who remains at the parental home. Harry S. Renkert was liorn in Canal Dover, Tuscarawas county, Ohio, on the 27th of Janu- ary, 1875, and there he continued his studies in the public schools until he had attained the age of sixteen years, -xvlien he accompanied his par- ents on their removal to Canton, where he was for two terms a student in the Canton Busi- ness College. Thereafter he was employed for two years in the private bank of John Kime, in the village of Louisville, this county. In 1896 he became bookkeeper and stenographer with J. L. Higley & Company, sales agents for the several paving brick plants of Canton, simultaneously acquiring ah interest in the same, and in 1899 he became a stockholder in the Royal Brick Company, serxing- as treasurer of the same in 1900 and 1901, in the mean- while continuing his connection with the general sales agency. Upon the organization of the Metropolitan Paving Brick Company-, in ]March, 1902, he was elected to his present dual ofifice of secretary and treasurer of the concern, and his executive and administrative abilities are proxing of marked value in furthering the interests of the business, which is rapidly ex- panding in scope and importance. In politics he gives an unqualified allegiance to the Re- publican party, his religious faith is that of the Lutheran church, and fraternally he is an ap- preciative and popular member of the Benevo- lent and Protective Order of Elks. On the 6th of October, 1897, Mr. Renkert was united in marriage to Miss Minnie Schlem- mer, who was born in Canton, being a daughter of Philip and Alice (Beacher) Schlemmer, and they have a fine little son, Donald J., who was born on. the 13th of May, 1899. JAMES C. LANTZ is a native of the state of ^Maryland, ha\-ing' been born in Hag-ers- town, Washington county, on the loth of June, 1839, and being the son of Christian and Caroline Lantz. He was the only child and his father died a few months before the birth of the son, after which the mother of the sub- ject returned to her parental home. She lived to attain the venerable age of eighty-seven years, her death occurring in Hagerstown, in 1902. Christian Lantz. Sr., grandfather of the subject, was engaged in the tanning business in Hagerstown until the time of his death, and his father was a native of Germany, whence he emigrated to America in an early day, taking up his abode in Mandand, where he passed the residue of his life. The mother of the subject continued to reside in the home of her father, until his death, Hagerstown having been her home throughout her entire life. James C. Lantz was reared to manhood in 526 OLD LANDMARKS his native town, whence he received excellent educational advantages in the public schools, \\ liile at the age of sixteen years he entered upon an apprenticeship at the trade of carpen- ter, serving three years and becoming a thoroughly skilled artisan in the line. He con- tinued to follow his trade in his native state until 1863, which year witnessed his arrival in Canton. Previously to this time, on the 5th of November, 1861, in Waynesboro, Maryland, was solemnized his marriage to Miss Jemima Price, who was born in that place, in the year 1843, being a daughter of George Price, who was there successfully established in the hotel business for many years. Mr. Lantz was a member of the First Regiment of the state militia of Maryland, serving under Colonel Kenly, who later became a general, and in this command he served during the Civil war, participating in important battles and receiving a musket-ball wound in the right cheek during the progress of the battle of South Mountain. He was with the state militia during John Brown's memoral)le raid, and he witnessed the execution of this redoubtable zealot, being probably the only man in this section of Ohio who was present- at this occasion. For two years after coming to Canton Mr. Lantz was employed in the manufactory of E. Ball, and for the ensuij\g three years he was engaged in the work of his trade, as a con- tractor and builder. In 1868 he founded his present enterprise, beginning operations on a modest scale in the manufacturing of boxes and having his plant on South Rex street, the original building having stood upon a portion of the ground occupied by his present large and well equipped plant. By honorable business methods and unflagging energy Mr. Lantz has succeeded in building up an extensive industry, the products of his establishment 1>eing in de- mand throughout a wide trade territory, while he commands the unstinted confidence and esteem of the people of Canton, in Vt'hich city he has so long made his home. In politics he is a stanch adherent of the Democratic party and he has at all times shown a loyal interest in public atYairs of a local nature. He served two years as a representative of the fifth ward in the city council, and for two terms, of three years each, was a valued member of the board of education. Fraternally he is identified with the blue lodge, chapter and commandery of the Masonic order, and also is a noble of the Ancient Arabic Order of the Mystic Shrine. He and his wife are worthy and zealous mem- bers of the Trinity Lutheran church. They became the parents of eight children, only two of whom are now living, Maggie, who remains at the parental home, and Lulu, who is the wafe of Charles G. Gimbel, of Wooster, Ohio. NEWTOX K. BOWMAN was born on a farm in Tuscarawas township, this county, on the 7th of October, 1856, being the first in order of birth of the twelve children of Sam- uel S. and Margaret (Kibler) Bowman, the former of whom was born in the state of Penn- sylvania and the latter in \'irginia. When Samuel S. Bowman was an infant his parents, Adam and Elizabeth (Spicer) Bowman, came to Stark county from the old Keystone state, and became pioneer settlers of Paris township, where they passed the remainder of their lives. Adam Bow^man had two brothers, John and Michael, the farmer of whom removed to Vir- ginia, where he passed the residue of his life, while the latter died in Liberty. Guernsey coun- ty, Ohio. Elizabeth (Spicer) Bowman was a daughter of Richard Spicer, who was a soldier in Burgoyne's army during the war of the Revolution, in w-hich he was captured by the forces under General Washington. After the war he signified his allegiance to the new re- public and settled at Fort Littleton, Pennsyl- vania, in which state he continued to reside un- til his death. His children, in addition to Eliza- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 527 beth, were Richard, Samuel, Nancy and Mollie. Adam and Elizabeth Bowman became the parents of three sons and two daughters, Sam- uel S., Adam, Richard, Mary and Margaret. The original ancestor of the Bowman family in America was the subject's great-grandfather, who emigrated hither from Germany, the land of his nativity. Samuel S. Bowman was reared and edu- cated in Stark county, his parents having lo- cated near the village of Osnaburg, in the township of the same name, and in his youth he learned the trade of carpenter, in which he continued to be engaged during his entire active business career, while he and his wife now reside on their attractive little farm in Tuscara- was township, this county. He rendered yeo- man service as a soldier in the war of the Re- l:>ellion, having been a private in the Seventy- sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He is one of the sterling pioneer citizens of the county and he and his estimable wife hold the highest re- gard of all who know them. In politics he gives his support ta the Republican party, fraternally he is identified with the Grand Army of the Republic, and both he and his wife have long been attendants in the United Brethren church. Newton K. Bo•\^■man, whose name initiates this review, was reared to maturity in his native township of Tuscarawas, and his early edu- cational training was secured in the district schools, being eflectively supplemented by in- dividual study and application and by the ex- perience gained as a teacher. He also learned the trade of carpenter under the effective di- rection of his father, and thus became well for- tified for the acti^•e duties and responsibilities of life, while his career has been one of well directed and self-reliant endeavor. At the age of nineteen he began teaching in the country schools, in the meanwhile carrying forward his studies in the branches higher than those de- manded in pedagogic work. He continued to teach for ten years, working at his trade during the vacation periods. He had initiated work as a contractor in this line, and in 1886 he entered into a contract to erect a large school building in the village of Canal Fulton, this county, and as the same was not completed un- til the winter term of school had opened, he then gave up teaching and continued to devote his attention to contracting, in which he was suc- cessful, while in 1885, in connection with this enterprise, he purchased a combined saw mill and planing mill at North Lawrence, the prod- ucts of the same greatly facilitating his con- tracting and conserving his success. In 1896 Mr. Bowman invented an automatic mine door, which he patented, and he then enlisted further capitalistic support in beginning the manu- facture of the new and improved device. In 1902 a stock company was formed and was duly incorporated under the title of the American Mine Door Company, though the article had been manufactured and placed on the market as early as 1896, the inventor having been superintendent of the concern from that time to the present except for a short interval dur- ing which liis attention was otherwise de- manded. He has invented a number of other useful devices, having secured a total of twentv- three patents on his inventions, the latest of which is a metal splice to take the place of the old-fashioned device so long in use in fastening together the common wooden barrel hoops. The new method insures greater firmness and neatness and tlie device as utilized will prove cheaper than the old one. This invention is to be placed on the market within a short time. Mr. Bowman still retains his residence in North Lawrence, being the president of the North Lawrence Improvement Company aind having other local interests, while he also acts as superintendent of the American Mine Door Company, whose well equipped plant is located in Canton. In politics he maintains an inde- pendent attitude, exercising his franchise in 528 OLD LANDMARKS support of the men and measures meeting the approval of his judgment, though he was for several years allied with the I'rohiljition party. being an uncompromising advocate of the cause of temperance and being known as a sincere and public-.spirited citizen and as one whose in- fluence is ever exerted in the support of all legitimate enterprises for the general goofl. He and his wife are valued and zealous members of the United Brethren church, in whose work they take an active part. On the 2d of February. 18S2, in North Lawrence, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Bowman and Miss Catherine Lawrence, daugh- ter of Peter and Elina (Gesaman) Lawrence, the former of whom was a member of one of the most prominent and influential pioneer families of Lawrence township, which was named in honor of the family, as was also the town of North Lawrence. Mr. and Mrs. Bow- man are the parents of eight children, namely : Charles L., Una C, ]\Iabel R., Leroy D., Edna M., Florence £., Pearl M. and Daisv S. WILLL-^M J. PIERO was born on a farm in Canton township, this county, on the 8th of September. 1852, being a son of Francis and Julia Ann ( Krantz) Piero, the former of whom was born in the famed old city of Strass- burg, in lower .Alsace, France, now a portion of the German empire, on the 3d of November, 1820, while his wife was born in Hesse. Ger- many, on the 30th of June of the same year, both having come to America when young. They became the parents of nine children, of whom William J. was the fifth in order of birth, and of whom eight are living at the present time. Francis L Piero emigrated to the United States in 1833, disembarking in the port of New York city and thence coming to Cantou on July 5th of that year, growing to maturity in this county and being here married. Fie renio\'ed from the fanu to Canton and here he was for many years engaged in the boot and shoe business, disposing of interests in this line in i86o and thereafter de\dting bis attention to the bakery and confectionary business until 1880, when he retired from active business and he and his wife resided in their pleasant hiinie. at 724 North McKinley avenue. Mrs. Piero died May 27, 1895. Both were members of the Catholic church, and in politics Mr. Piero has ever given his support to the Demo- cratic parly. He is held in high esteem as one of the patriarchal citizens and pioneer busi- ness men of the citv in which he has so long made his home. \\'illiam J. Piero was seven years of age at the time of liis parents' removal from the farm to the city of Canton, and they took up their residence in a dwelling which stood on the site of Duebel's jewelry store, on the pub- lic scpiare. FTe secured his early educational training in the parochial school of St. Peter's German Catholic church, and later entered the public schools, being graduated in the Canton high school as a member of the class of 1870. Prior to this he became office boy for Judge Seraphim Meyer, a representative member of the Canton bar at the time, and after remaining in tliis office two years he passed an equal period as a clerk in a local clothing" establish- ment. He then returned to the office of Judge ]Meyer and began a careful and discriminating reading of the law under the direction of this able preceptor, and that he fully availed himself of the advaiitages thus afiforded is evident when we revert to the fact that he was duly ad- mitted to the bar on September 17, 1874. after which he continued in practice with Judge Meyer until April, 1875, when he was elected to the office of justice of the peace, of which he continued incumbent for a term of three years, in the meanwhile continuing his legal studies with mdefatigable zeal and thus greatly amplifying his technical and practical knowl- edge of the science of jurisprudence. After WILLIAM J. PIERO CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 529 his retirement from this office he entered into a professional partnership with C. Turenne Meyer, a son of his preceptor, and they were thus associated in general practice, under the title of Meyer & Piero, until March, 1885. In the spring of 1881, Mr. Piero was elected to the office of mayor of Canton, which was at the time under village government, and so able and satisfactory was his administration that he was chosen as his own successor in the spring of 1883, thus serving two terms. His policy as chief executive of the municipality was a distinctively progressive one and dominated by wise conservatism and business judgment, and, as was natural, there was some criticism of his aggressive course in furthering public improve- ments, but time has clearly proven the wisdom of his action and the city has reaped inestimable benefits through his earnest efforts in regard to the installing of proper sewerage systems, paving of the streets and providing other facilities demanded with the increase of popu- lation, so those who harped at his policy have since had reason to offer unqualified commen- dation. Within his regime a number of ad- ditions to the town were platted, the market house and city hall erected and also the city engine house. By the people in general he was at the time regarded as one of the best mayors the city has ever had, and his administration will ever stand as a model one in the records of Canton. In 1882 he brought about the organization of the Humane Society, in Can- ton, and its work has I^een prolific in good re- sults. In politics Mr. Piero has ever given an unqualified allegiance to the Democratic party and has taken an active interest in its cause. He is a valued member and communi- cant of St. John's church, Roman Catholic, his wife being an Episcopalian. After retiring from the mayoralty Mr. Piero resumed the active practice of his pro- fession in Canton, and he controls a large and representative business and has had to do with 33 much important litigation. He is known as an able and forceful advocate before court or jury and as a safe and thoroughly well equip- ped counselor. His clientage is of an important order, and both as a lawyer and a man he com- mands the esteem and confidence of the com- munity. He has been, as in justice due, financially successful in his profession, and has shown keen business in the investments which he has made, being concerned in a number of important industrial enterprises in his home city, including the following: The Canton' Combination Lock Company; the Canton Fertilizing Company, of which he is president;: the Canton Buggy Company, of whose direc- torate he is a member; the Crystal Springs Ice Company; the Ohio Volks Zeitung Com- pany; and the Canton Board of Trade. His. public spirit has been manifested in many ways and he takes a lively interest in all that touches- the progress and material prosperity of his home city. On the 20th of December, 1883, Mr. Piera was united in marriage to Miss Minnie T. Tyler, who was born in Newport, Kentucky, whence her parents, Dominic and Catherine Tyler, removed to Canton when she was about two years of age, and here she was reared and educated, being a woman of gracious presence and presiding with dignity over their attract- ive home. Her father became secretary and treasurer of the Diebold Safe & Lock Com- pany, of this city, and here he and his wife still maintain their home. Mr. and Mrs. Piero have no children. HENRY L. GARAUX was born in the picturesque canton of Bern, in the Alpine dis- trict of Switzerland, on the ist of November, 1834, and was there reared and educated, .^.t the age of eighteen years he severed the home ties and started forth to seek his fortunes in America, landing in due time in the port of our 530 OLD LANDMARKS national metropolis, whence he soon afterward ■came to Stark county, locating in Massillon. in the vicinity of which place he was engaged in farm work for the ensuing two years. He then went to Mount Eaton, Wayne county, where, in 1858, he was united in marriage to Miss Pauline Maschler, who was likewise born in Canton Bern, Switzerland, on the 31st of December, 1836, being a daughter of Francis and Susan (Rudolph) Maschler, who emi- grated thence to America in 1841, making the voyage on the sailing vessel "New Orleans," and landing in New York city. Mr. Maschler came to Ohio and located on a farm near Mountain Eaton, where his wife died a few years later, and he eventually removed to the gtate of Virginia, where he passed the re- mainder of his life. After his marriage the subject of this memoir remained for a time in Mount Eaton, then removing to Bristol, Mor- gan county, and later returning to Mount Eaton, where he resided until* 1870, when he came Avith his family to Canton, where he was employed for the following eleven years in the shops of the Canton Bridge Company, while later he was made street commissioner of the city, in which capacity he rendered effective service for a long term of years. He died at his home, 2419 South Market street, on the 30th of June. 1900. He was a .stanch Republi- can in politics and was a member of the German Reformed church at Mount Eaton, his wife, who survives him, having long been a member of this church. Of their children we enter the following brief record : Emma, the wife of John Schir, died in Canton ; Edward died at the age of twenty-seven years; Frank is a resi- dent of Canton; Susan is the wife of Jacob Slusser, of this city; Charles died at the age of twenty-eight years; Louis resides in Canton; Julia died at the age of twenty years ; August is individually mentioned in appending para- graphs ; and Henry and George still maintain their home in this citv- August Garaux was born in the family homestead on South Market street, in the city of Canton, on the 30th of August, 1874. and his early education was received in the district school in what is called Raynoldstown, a suburl) of the city. He continued his school work until he was alx)ut eighteen years of age, and thereafter was employed in brick yards and various shops, and also as a fireman at the works of the Sewer farm, while he has since been engaged in various lines of work. He is a stanch adherent of the Republican party and has taken an active interest in its cause. On the 6th of April, 1903. he was elected a member of the city council, under the new municipal code, being a representative of the fifth ward and being well qualified for the office. He is a member of the Junior Order of United Ameri- can Mechanics and is a young man of sterling character and one who merits the trust reposed in him by the voters who called him to office. His religious views are in harmony with the tenets of the German Reformed church, in which faith he was reared. He is not married. Louis Garaux was born in the family home- stead, in Canton, on the 28th of June, 1869, an.d he continued to attend the public schools until he had attained the age of sixteen years, when he entered the employ of the Elbel Com- pany, while later he was employed in various other shops in the city, having been for sixteen years an employe of the C. Aultman Company, one of the most important industrial concerns of the city and state. He continued to be en- gaged in work of a mechanical nature until T901, when he opened a bowling alley and retail liquor business at 124 Charles street, where he has since continued business. In politics he is a stanch Republican and he was reared in Ihe faith of the Reformed church, of which the family are members. On the 9th of November, 1891. in Canton, Mr. Garaux was united in marriage to Miss Emma Anderson, daughter of Robert and An- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 531 nie (Stark) Anderson, the former of whom was an able newspaper man, his death occurring in Canton, in Septemter, 1885. Her mother is still living in this city, having- been born in the city of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. Mr. and Mrs. Garaux have three children : Ethel May, Purcel! Harold and Arthur Louis. AUGUST BARCHFELD. — Claiming Canton as his birthplace and here holding pres- tige as a successful business man, Mr. Barch- feld is well deserving of representation in this compilation. He conducts a successful market at 720 West South street, where he has a well equipped establishment, catering to a large and discriminating patronage and being held in high estimation in his native city, which has been his home during the major portion of his life. He is a son of Andrew and Margaret (Klos) Barchfeld, and was bom on the 24th of June, 1862, in the old frame house, on South Market street, where Joseph Ball so long re- sided. Mr. Barchfeld secured his early edu- cational training in the school maintained here under the auspices of the German Reformed church, the same being located on East Tusca- rawas street, and later he attended the public school on South Market street, supplementing this discipline by a course in the business col- lege then conducted in Canton. In his youth he learned the trade of butcher under the di- rection of his father, and later followed the same in Wooster, Ohio, for a period of two years. In 1884 he began business on his own responsibility, having in the meanwhile re- turned to Canton. Here he entered into part- nership with Henry Nagel, and they secured a stall in the market house, where they succeeded in building up a good trade. About two years later Mr. Barchfeld purchased property on South Cleveland avenue, but still continued to conduct his market business in the old location, also putting a peddling wagon into operation in the selling of meats through the outlaying districts of Canton. He finally traded his South Cleveland avenue property for his father's old homestead, where he took up his residence, and then opened a market on South Market street, where he continued operations for six years, at the expiration of which, in February, 1900, he opened his present attrac- tive place, at 720 West South street. His parents reside in Canton, and his father is en- gaged in the butcher business. They had ten children, of whon six are living at the present time, while the name has ever stood as a syno- nym of integrity and honor. The family is of stanch German lineage, and was early founded in the state of Pennsylvania. In his political attitude the subject of this sketch is independ- ent, supporting men and measures rather than following strict partisan dictates. Fraternally he is a member of Canton Lodge No. 589, Knights of Pythias, and Hiram Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons. Both he and his wife are worthy members of the Reformed church, in whose affairs they take an abiding interest. In the city of Mansfield, Ohio, on the 3d of December, 1886, was solemnized the mar- riage of Mr. Barchfeld to Miss Elizateth A. Schlopf, who was born in Wooster, Wayne county, this state, Ijeing the daughter of Jacob and Katie (Baer) Schlopf, both of whom were born in Germany, whence the former came to America as a young man, while the latter was brought hither by her parents when a child of two years. Mr. and Mrs. Barchfeld have one child, Earl W., who was bom on the 23d of January, 1889, and who is now attending the puiilic schools of Canton. JOSEPH S. OYSTER was born on a farm in Smith township, Mahoning county, Ohio, on the 29th of May, 1841, being the son of John and Susanna (Landis) Oyster, of whose five children three are living at the time of this 532 OLD LANDMARKS writing, namely : Nancy, who is the wife of Peter Shell, of Washington township, Stark county; John, a successful farmer of Osna- burg township, and Joseph S., subject of this sketch. The father was born in Bucks county. Pennsylvania, in the year 1815, and when he was a boy he accompanied his parents on their removal to Mahoning county, Ohio. His father, Samuel Oyster, who was of stanch Ger- man lineage, and who was a blacksmith by trade, entered a tract of government land two miles east of the present town of Mount Union, Mahoning county, where he erected a log cabin as a home for his family, and also a similar structure for a shop, in which he continued at the work of his trade, finding a ready demand for his services among the pioneer settlers and drawing his trade from a wide radius of coun- try, as the settlers were few and widely scat- tered. He had eleven sons and two daughters, and the former carried forward the work of re- claiming and cultivating the farm, while he de- voted his time to his trade. He eventually ac- cumulated a landed estate of eleven hundred acres, his ambition being to provide each of his thirteen children with a farm of one hundred acres. He finally made a trip to Indiana for the purpose of buying more land, and while return- ing encountered a severe rain storm, from which he could not shelter himself and from the effects of which he contracted typhoid fever, his death occurring shortly after his return home. He was a poor man when he arrived in Ohio, but he was a hard worker and succeeded in gaining a competence, while his estate of course advanced greatly in value with the de- velopment of the country, so that his descen- dants have profited greatly from the effects of this noble pioneer, whose life was one of probity and distinctive honor. The father of the sub- ject was reared on the homestead farm, early begining to lend his aid in the work of improv- ing and reclaiming the land and having limited educational priviledges, owing to the fact that the schools were of the most primitive type and precariously maintained. After his marriage he located on a ninety-acre farm belonging to his father and located one and one-half miles northeast of Alliance, contiguous to ihe line Ije- tween Stark and Mahoning counties, the prop- erty becoming his own upon the death of his father, whose will provided for this dispo- sition. He there continued to make his home for a period of eight years, at the expiration of which he sold the property and for the follow- ing eighteen months was engaged in farming on rented land in that locality. He then removed to Hillsdale county, Michigan, where he pur- chased a farm of ninety acres, of which he dis- posed a year later and, as an investment, pur- chased another tract of one hundred and twenty acres, in the same county, after which he re- turned to Mahoning county, Ohio, where he was engaged in farming on rented land for the ensuing five years, at the expiration of which he traded his Michigan land for a smaller farm in Knox township, Columbiana county, Ohio, where he continued to reside about seven years. He then sold the property and purchased a farm, in Washington township. Stark county, devot- ing his attention to its improvement and culti- vation for the following four years, and then, after several removals he finally bought a small place of twehe acres in the same township and within a half-mile of the village of Freeburg, and there he pas.sed the remainder of his life, his death occurring on the 6th of November^ 1873. He was- a Democrat in his political pro- clivities and his religious faith was that of the Reformed church, of which his. wife likewise was a devoted member. Her death occurred on the 1 6th of February, 1898, aged seventy-nine years and six days, in \\''ashington township, Stark county. Joseph S. Oyster, to whom this sketch is dedicated, was reared to the life of the farm and his youthful days were filled with hard work, while, owing to the exigencies of the time CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 533 and place, his educational advantages were limited in scope, being confined to a desultory attendance in the district schools in the different localities where the family lived, while even such advantages as offered he could not em- ploy tu the full, owing to the fact that he was afflicted with constantly recurring and severe headaches. On the first of March, 1866, Mr. Oyster \\ as united in marriage to Miss Eliza Grimes, wlici was born in Washington township, this county, Ijeing a daughter of Reuben Grimes, will) w as one of the pioneers of the township, where he died many years ago. The only son of this marriage died in 1885, and Mrs. Oyster ^\■as summoned into eternal rest on the i8th of August, 1894, at the age of forty-seven years, ten months and twenty-one days, having been a true helpmeet and faithful wife. On the 25th of November, 1895. Mr. Oyster was united in marriage to Miss Laura Vernier, who was born in Osnaburg township, a daughter of Louis \''ernier, who is now a resident of Nimi- shillen township, and of this union two children have been born, Nola P., in November, 1897, and Forrest E. L., June 30, 1901. For five years prior to and one year after his first marriage Mr. Oyster was in the employ of the Pittsburg & Fort Wayne Railroad Compan}-, at Louisville, this county, and he then purchased his present homestead farm, upon which he took up his abode in January, 1868. Here he has since made his home, and the effects of his well directed endeavors are manifest in tlie conditions in evidence about the place, wliich is constantly mentioned as a model farm. He has studied the science of agriculture from a practical as well as experimental stand- point and has used such luethods and acces- sories as have met the approval of his judg- ment, and thus has secured the maximum re- turns from the cultivation of the land, which he maintains under the highest state of produc- tivitv, ^hile he is recognized as one of the sub- , ^hi stantial and progressive farmers of the county. His farm is improved with excellent and well kept buildings and comprises thirty-five acres of valuable land. Li politics he gives an un- faltering allegiance to the Republican party, and both he and his wife are members of the Reformed church, in the village of Louisville, giving a liberal support to the various depart- ments of its work. JOHN B. ANDERSON, who holds the re- sponsible position of chief engineer of tthe Canton-Akron Railway Company, whose well equipped interurban lines are operated by elec- trical power, ■\\'hile he had previously held other important positions and is thoroughly well versed in the scientific and practical details of his chosen vocation. He came to Canton in September, 1902, to accept the oflice of which he is now incumbent, and he has proved an efficient and thoroughly acceptable executive, bringing the service of the system up to the highest standard. John B. Anderson was born at Mill Creek, Huntingdon county, Pennsylvania, on the i8th of August. 1874, being a son of Stephen A. and Alice (Wilson) Anderson, and of English and Scotch descent, while he is a lineal descendant of Major Robert Anderson, of Fort Sumter fame. His parents were born in Pennsylvania and still reside at Mill Creek, that state, where his father is retired. The subject attended the public schools of his native city until he had attained the age of sixteen ^-ears, while in the meanwhile he had also become a competent telegraph operator. At the age noted he went to New York city, where he secured a position as operator in an office of the Western Union Telegraph Company, retaining this incumbency one year, at the expiration of which he found employment in the office of the North Hudson Company, one of the first to introduce the electric trollev svstem in that section. He re- 534 OLD LANDMARKS mainefl with this company four years, within which time he completed a thorough electrical course in a correspondence school of Cleveland, Ohio. He then took a position with the General Electric Company of Xew York city, and one year later took charge of the plant at Edge- water. Xew Jersey, for the Bergen County Traction Company, in whose ei1iplo\- he con- tinued for five years, after which he became erecting engineer for the Hamilton-Corliss Engine Company, in their oftice at 3<)4i Cort- landt street. New York, and there he continued until September, 1902. when he came to Canton to accept the position he at present occupies. In politics he is an ardent sujjporter of the principles of the Republican party, and his re- ligious views are in harmony with the teach- ings of the Alethodist Episcopal church. Fra- ternally he is affiliated with Lodge No. 362. Knights of Pythias, in Canton, and he is popu- lar in lioth business and social circles. Mr. Anderson is not married. JOSEPH J. ACREDENN.— At the head of the \\'est End Notion Company, represent- ing one of the successful retail business enter- prises of Canton, stands ]\Ir. Auredenn. He is a native of the state of Kentucky, having been born in the city of Newport, on the 8th of November, 1875, ''"^^ being the son of John and .\sche Lisetta Auredenn, both of whom were born and reared in the city of Cincinnati, Ohio, the father there learning tlie trade of ma- chinist, while he was for many years engaged in the hosiery business in that city, where he still resides, his wife having died there in the year 1878. She was a devoted communicant of the Catholic church, as is also her husband, who is a man of sterling character and one who has been duly prospered in his temporal affairs. Joseph J. Auredenn received his early edu- cation in the public and parochial schools of his native town, continuing his studies until he had attained the age of sixteen years, when he entered upon an apprenticeship at the trade of joining, in the watchcase factory of the Dueber Company, nuw of Canton, and he C(.)ntinue(l in the employ of this concern for thirteen years, [n i888 he came to Canton with this company, and when not at work in the factory he put his time to good use. selling notions, newspapers, etc., and sparing no pains or labor in his effort to add to his income. In i8c)7 he associated himself with E. C. Earwick in the present line of enterprise, and they have built up an ex- cellent business. A more complete descri[)tion of the enterprise will be found in the sketch of the subject's partner, appearing on another page of this volume. It should be said that the same self-reliance, energy and initiative power which Mr. Auredenn manifested in his youth have been potent factors in forwarding the success of the undertaking with which he is now identi- fied, and he merits approval and commendation for the efforts which he has put forth and for the honorable business policy which has domi- nated his course. In politics Mr. Auredenn gives his allegiance to the Republican party, and his religious faith is that of the Catholic church, in which he was reared, both he and his wife being communicants of St. Peter's church. Fraternally he is connected wSth the local organization of the Catholic ^lutual Bene- fit Association. On the loth of September, 1892, ]Mr. Aure- denn was unitefl in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Zimmer. of Canton, and to them have been bom three children. Clarence, who is eight years of age at the time of this writing; I'lorence, who died m infancy, and Thelma, who is two years and a half of age. JACOB N. SHAUB comes of fine old Swiss stock, the original orthography of the name having been Schaub. His grandfather. John Jacob Schaub, was born in the £ity of CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 535 Basel, Switzerland, and March 7, 181 7, in com- pany with his family, he emigrated to America, landmg at Philadelphia, July 25, 181 7. The family went thence to Lancaster county, Penn- sylvania. He was a man of energy and in- tegrity and felt that in America he could secure better returns from his labors, and that his financial resources were at low ebb at the time of his emigration to the United States is evi- dent from the fact that he was unable to pay for the passage of himself and his family, entering intij an agreement to defray this ex- pense by his labor after arriving in America, the requisite money being supplied by a friend. The family landed in the city of Philadelphia, after a long and weary voyage on a sailing- vessel, and then proceeded to Lancaster coun- ty, Pennsylvania, where Mr. Schaub entered the emplo\- of Henry Baer, for whom he worked until he had paid the passage money advanced to him. About the year 1835 ^^ came with his wife and two children to Canton, whither his daughter Mana, the wife of Adam Blinn, had ])receded them. He soon afterward secured employment on the Shock farm, south of Can- ton, and later worked on the farm of John Trump, while finally he removed into Plain township, and there he passed the remainder of his life, passing away about 1843, while his wife whose maiden name was Maria, died about 1842. They became the parents of seven chil- dren, all of whom are now deceased. Jacob Shaub, Jr., father of the subject of this review, was born in Switzerland, in 1804, and was thirteen years of age at the time when the family came to America. He had attended school in his native land and continued his studies in the common schools after coming to the United States. He was reared to farm work in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania : he served an apprenticeship at the blacksmith trade, which he followed for a short time, after which he resumed farming, which continued to be his vocation throughout the remainder of his life. In Lancaster county was solemnized his marriage tO' Miss Eliza Nixdorf, who was born in that county, being a daughter of Henry and Catharine Nixdorf, both of whom were , natives of the Keystone state. Jacob and Eliza Shaub liecame the parents of five children, three of the number dying in childhood, while the two living are the subject of this sketch and his sister Susan, who is the wife of Samuel Frankford, of Petersburg, Pennsylvania. The mother of the subject died when he was about eight years of age, and his father subsequently married Miss Anna Kinch, who preceded him into eternal rest. To the second union was born one child, Lizzie, the wife of John Burkhart, of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. The father died in Petersburg, Pennsylvania, in 1867. Jacob N. Shaub, whose name introduces this sketch, was born in East Hempfield town- ship, Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, on the 27th of June, 1829, and grew to maturity on the liomestead farm, to whose work he early began to contribute his quota, while his edu- cational advantages were such as were afforded in the district schools, which he attended during the winter terms and at such other times as his ser\'ices were not demanded on the farm. He \^as fond of study and made excellent pnig- ress by studying at night, so that he laid a good foundation for that broad fund of knowl- edge which he lias since gained in connection with the active duties and responsibilities (if life. At the age of twenty-one years Mr. Shaub married and he then initiated his independent career, latoring in any capacity which would render him an honest living. For a period of three years he lived in the home of a w'agxni- maker, in whose shop he learned the trade, to which he devoted his attention only a short time. He then returned to the old homestead farm, of which he continued in charge for the ensuing ten years, at the expiration of which. in 1864, he came to Canton, and forthwith began to look about for a farm to suit him. 536 OLD LANDMARKS Finally he became associated with his brother- in-law. Christian Singer, in the purchase of the Hull farm, in Canton township. He gave his attention to the cultivation of this place for two years, having in the meanwhile purchased Mr. Singer's interest in the same, and at the expiration of the time noted he sold the prop- erty to John Carnes, and then returned to Can- ton and purchased three acres of land, on which St. IVIary's Catholic church now stands, on South Market street. He there resided for two years and then disposed of the property and purchased a portion of the Menzer farm, ad- joining his old Hull place, in Canton town-- ship. This he sold three years later and pur- chased thirty-three acres of the Raynolds farm, in the same township, and here he erected good buildings and made one of the best farms in the county, his idea being that successful farm- ing does not depend so much upon the number of acres owned as upon the methods brought to bear in securing the maximum productiveness, while his success amply justified his theory. He remained on this farm fifteen years and then sold the same to the Brillhart sisters, receiving three hundred dollars per acre, which fact indi- cates the high state of cultivation under which he had brought the place. He then bought fifty acres of the Long farm, in Plain township, and this continued to be his home for the following seven years. He sold the farm to George Heil- denbrand at the expiration of this period and then came to Canton, where he lived retired for a few years, then purchasing the Blake flour mill, on Navarre street, which he operated suc- cessfully about four years, selling the property to his son Hiram, in the fall of 1902, since which time he has been retired from active business, and in his attractive home, at 141 2 Logan avenue, he is enjoying the rewards of his many years of earnest toil and endeavor. In politics Mr. Shaub is independent in his attitude, and he has always shown a deep in- terest in public affairs of a local nature. He served one term as trustee of Canton township, and he was for a number of years a member of the board of directors of the Stark County Agricultural Society, of which he was president for one year, while at other times he lield the various other official positions on the board, doing much to further the interests of the soci- et\'. F"or about twenty years he served as a member of the board of education of Canton township. He and his family are members of Trinity Reformed church. On the 1 2th of December, 1850, Mr. Shaub was united in marriage to Miss Maria Kinch, who was born in Lancaster county, Pennsyl- vania, being a daughter of Jacob Kinch. Of this union have been born eleven children, con- cerning whom we enter record as follows : Amelia married Crysvillis Smith, now de- ceased; Iliram married jVIary Meyers, of In- diana, and is engaged in milling in Canton; Ambrose married Lucretia Lloyd, and is en- gaged in milling in Louisville, Stark county; Ulvsses G. married Polly Thomas, and li\es in Canton ; Calvin ; Elizabeth married M. A. W'eidler, who is in the harness business in Can- ton ; Ella N. married Clyde Hayhurst, and they live in Canton; Addison, the eldest child, died December 23. 1893; Milton died, aged fifteen years, in Ohio; one son and one daughter died in infancy in Pennsylvania. Mr. and Mrs. Shaub celebrated their golden wedding anni- versary December 12, 1900. PETER HOLTSEL.— Among the early residents of Stark county who had much to do with the development of the country and the advancement of its material interests, the late Peter Housel, of Canton township, is worthy of especial notice. The Housel family had its origin in Holland and was first repre- sented in the United States by the subject's grandfather, who sailed from his native land in a very early day and, with others of his ^.- ^<- A^. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 537 countrymen, located in Northumberland coun- ty, Pennsylvania. Like his ancestors for many generations, he was a tiller of the soil and fol- lowed agricultural pursuits in the above county until his death, which occurred not long after the colony of Pennsylvania became a state of the r'ederal Union. Anthony Housel. father of Peter, was born and reared in the county of Northumberland and when a young man there married Miss Mary Murphy, whose parents were also among the pioneer settlers of that part of the state, her father moving to this country from the north of Ireland. In 1816, the year following the birth of their second child, the subject of this review, Anthony and Mary Housel moved to Ohio, making the journey on horseback, the mother carrying her infant son in her arms while the father looked after the stock and cared for the daughter, a little girl of about two or three years old. On reaching his destination Mr. Housel settled on a quarter section of wild land in what is now Plain town- ship and immediately addressed himself to the tasks of improvement. In' due time he im- proved a good farm, which he made his home to the end of his days, the meanwhile taking an active interest in the general development of the coimtry and earning the reputation of an honorable, industrious man and an enterpris- ing public-spirited citizen. When the First Presbyterian church of Canton was organized Mr. and Mrs. Housel became charter members and continued faithful communicants of the same as long as they lived, besides contribut- ing liberally of their means to the material sup- port of the congregation. Anthony Housel was three times married, his first wife, as already stated, being Mary Murray, after whose death he formed a matri- monial alliance with Mary Hoover and still later with Mary Kerr. By his first marriage Nvere born the following children: Peter, the immediate subject of this review; Charity, m.Trried John \'\^erner, but both died at Louis- ville, this county ; Thomas married Mary Neise and is now, at the age of eighty-seven years, living in Uniontown, this county ; Mary became the wife of Anthony Spangler, and is now liv- ing near Columbia City, Indiana; Catharine became the wife of John Sunday; Hannah is the wife of Samuel Laird, of Plain township; Sarah became the wife of S. C. Shamers, and is now living at Bloomington, Indiana; Percilla married Jacob Snyder, of Plain township; John died at the age of eighteen years ; Hiram H. married Alice Firestone, and is now liv- ing at Los Angeles. California; Amanda be- came the wife of J. H. Spangler, and is now living in Canton ; Loucetta married H. C. Mentzer, and they \'\\e in Cherokee county, Kansas. Peter Housel was born September 30, 181 5, in Northumberland county, Pennsylvania, and, as already stated, was about one year old when his parents took up their residence in Ohio. He was reared to agricultural pursuits on the home farm in Stark county, attended school as opportunities offered and made such advance- ment in his studies that before reaching the age of twenty he was qualified to teach, which line of work he followed a number of years with gratifying success. When a young man of twenty he went to Pennsylvania and for two years thereafter clerked in his vmcle's store at Danville, returning home at the expiration of that time and again devoting his attention to educational work. In 1842 he married Miss Julia Ann Smith, and. renting a part of the home farm, continued to live in Plain town- ship until 1847, when he purchased a place of his own near Hurfords Hill, in the township of Canton. After living several years on the latter farm. Mr. Housel sold it and in 1854 bought seventy-eight acres of land near the town of Canton, all of which is now included in the citv limits, the present site of the place extending from the South Market street school southward to the creek and embracino- n num- 538 OLD LANDMARKS ber of valuable lots and improvements. About two or three years after moving to his last purchase he platted an addition to the city, con- sisting of a number of fine building lots which soon found ready buyers ; the city continuing to encroach upon his home, he frequently laid out other lots which were sold at liberal prices and in this way he disposed of the greater part of his land, realizing from the same a fortune which ])laced him and his family in independent circumstances. Mr. Housel was a successful farmer and a shrewd, far-sighted business man. as his various transactions abundantly attest. He was successful in the accumulation of wealth and wise in its expenditure for legiti- mate ]iurposes, but, as indicated above, he laid by sufficient to insure a comfortable competence besides making liberal provisions for his chil- dren. In politics he was originally a WHiig, but when the Republican party came into existence he gave his allegiance to the same and remained one of its zealous supporters as long as he lived. At the age or forty-four he united with the First Presbyterian church of Canton, later was elected an elder of the con- gregation and he served as such for a number of years, during which his course was e\'er that of an honorable, faithful Christian, zealous in upholding the cause of the Master and untiring in his efforts to benefit bis fellow men. He lived a useful life, accomplished much good in his various relations and so impressed his indi- \'iduality upon those with whom he came in contact as to win their cunfidence and lasting regard. As a neighbor he was obliging in all the term implies and ever ready to accommo- date those who ap])lie(l to him for fa\-iirs; as a friend he was loyal and the soul of honor, and as a citizen he labored earnestly for the com- mon good and hesitated not to lose sight of self and self interests in his endeavors to pro- mote the welfare of those among whom his lot was cast. Air. Housel dei)arted this life at his home in Canton on the 19th day of June, 1885, and left to mourn his loss five children and a host of friends who had learned to ap- preciate him for his manly character and ster- ling worth. His wife, who had long been his faithful companion and true helpmate on life's journey, was called to her reward in the year 1889. She was a loving mother, a sincere Christian and a devoted friend, and, with a peace of mind prexadin.g her soul like the placid flow of a tranquil stream, she sank sweetly into her last quiet sleep and fearlessly entered the ^■ailey of shadows, assured of a Heavenly Father's w elcome on the other side. The following are the names of the children born to Mr. and Airs. Housel : Johana, who died in childhood; Alalinda also died young: Alary Ann, deceased ; Eva resides in Canton : Ella, the widow of H. \\'. Thomas, also make> her home in this city; Daniel, who died at the age of nine years, ^\as the third person to Ijc buried in Westlawn cemetery ; Laura, who de- parted this life at the early age of eighteen months ; Anthon}-, l)y profession an attorne\', resides in Cincinnati ; Cora, now Airs. C. J. Everhart, of Canton; an7'' said homestead being located two miles north of the now thriving village of Sparta. There he was reared to maturity un- der the beneficent inllucnces of farm life, while he received his earh- educational training in the district schools and supplemented the same liy a cour.se of study in Alount Union College, which has long held high rank among the edu- cational institutions of thus section of the Buck- eve state, and there he made the best use of the opportunities afforded him. At the age of eighteen years he began teaching in the pub-, lie schools of the countv and continued success-: CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 5 39. fully in the pedagogic profession two years, wliile he tnrned from the vocations of peace to face the stern duties involved in the de- fense of tlie Union when its perpetnation was threatened hy armed rebelh(in. He was among the first to enHst from Stark county, having be- come a private in Company F, Fonrth Ohio A'olnnteer Infantry, in 1861. His company was commanded by Captain James Wallace, and at the close of his temi of enlistment Mr. Thomas gave further evidence of his intrinsic lovalt\' and patriotic devotion In- veteranizing, still retaining membership in the same conv pan_\- and regiment, with which he served until the close of the war, the command having been attached to the Army of the Potomac during the greater part of the time and having- partici- pated in many of the notalile engagements of the great fraternal conflict. During' the term of his service he received one slight wound, but was not long incapacitated for service, and thereafter continued at the post of duty until victor}- cro\\-ned the L'nion arms. After the close of the \\ar Mr. Thomas resumed his studies in Mount Unicm College, near Alliance, and later devoted his attention to teaching- for a few years, after which he turned his attention to the trade of carpenter, to which he devoted his attention until the time of his marriage, which Mas solemnized on the 29th of December, 1868, when Miss Ella E. Flousel became his wife. He then took up his residence on the Housel farm, which originally comprised one hundred and sixty acres and which is now sub- divided into city lots in the southwest section of Canton. Here he continued to devote his at- tention to agricultural pursuits for the ensuing seven years, at the expiration of which he again became identified with the work of his trade, as a contractor and builder, gaining marked precedence through his efforts in this line and continuing to be thus engaged until the time of his death, which occurred on the 20th of July, 1900. He was a consistent and valued member of the l^resb}-terian church and was an elder in the Euckingham mission, an auxiliary of the church mentioned. In politics he gave an un- qtialified allegiance to the Republican party and was e\-er actively interested in, public af- fairs, though he never manifested any ambi- tion for public office. His life was an unblem- ished one and it was but natural that to hin-i should have been accorded the fullest measure of public confidence and esteem, so that in the county in which he maintained his home from the tinie of his birth until he was summoned to the eternal life, his friends were in number as his acquaintances. Mr. Thomas was a son of Nathaniel Thom- as, who can-ie to Stark county from \Vestmore- land county, Pennsylvania, in the early days, entering- one hundred and sixty acres of land in Pike township and there developing a good farm. In this comity he married a Miss \\'elk- er, and they became the parents of ten chil- dren, namely: Henry W., Barnett, Harriet, Lewis. Mary, Ellen, John, Lizzie, AMlliam and Eliza. Of the number six are living at the present time. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas became the parents of seven children, of whoi-n two died in inlanc}-, while of the others we enter the following brief record : Charles died at the age of four years ; Herbert, who is now a resident of the city of Columbus, Ohio, married iNIiss Agatha Hayes, and they are the parents of two children; Edgar, who is bookkeeper in the First National Bank of Canton, married Miss Carrie Sheaffer, and they have one child ; Eva is the wife of Clifford Beaumont, and they reside in the attractive old hon-iestead with her mother, on Denber street, and have one child: ^linnie is Ii\-ing at biTme with her mother. Mr. Thomas became a successful and repre- sentative business man of Canton, and was con- cerned in the erection of many important build- ings in the countv, while in all the relations of life he held every trust inviolable and demanded the approval of conscience for every action. 540 OLD LANDMARKS He stood four square to every wind that blows, was loyal in his friendships, a devoted husband and father and a man whose memory remains as a benediction to those who were nearest and dearest to him. HARRY E. FIFE.— The Fife Brothers Company, of which the subject of this sketch is secretary and treasurer, conduct an enter- prise which in its line is tantamount in import- ance to any other of similar character in this section of the Buckeye state. The interested principals aside from the subject are his broth- ers, James A. and Frank R., the former of whom is president of the corporation and the latter vice-president, while all have gained dis- tincti\-e recognition as energetic, progressive and reliable business men. while through their concerted efforts has lieen built up the exten- sive business now controlled in the line of plumbing and pipe-fitting; hot-air and hot-wa- ter heating; slate, tin, paper and gravel roofing; and in the handling of sto\-es, ranges, mantels and grates ; natural-gas and builders' supplies and gas and electrical fixtures. The business was established in 1892. and the same was originally conducted imder title of the Yost & Fife Company, of which the present corpora- tion became the successor in 1898. the business lieing duly incorporated under the laws of the state. The offices and salesrooms of the com- pany are located in a commodious and substan- tial two-story brick and stone structure at 212- 2t6 East Third street, where an aggregate floor space of twelve thousand square feet is utilized. Prior to his identifying himself with this enterprise, Harry E. Fife was employed with the plumbing concern of 'i'heobald & Company in the capacity of bookkeeper, and eventually became a member of the firm, and of those at present identified with the plumbing business in Canton he holds priority over all other in point of continuous connection with the indu.s- try, though he is still a young man. Mr. Fife is a native of the old Keystone state, having been torn in the city of Allegheny on the 4th of January. 1864. When he was but six weeks of age his parents removed to Ohio and located in Canton, and here he was reared to manhood, securing his early educational discipline in the public schools and being graduated in the Can- ton high school as a member of the class of 1879. He then entered the Canton Business College, where he completed a thorough course in the commercial branches. Upon leaving this institution Mr. Fife secured employment in the office of George W. Dillon, one of the pioneer plumbers of Canton, and later he became identi- fied with the firm, of Theoliald & Company, as has been previously noted, as have also the more salient points in his business career since that time. In politics Mr. Fife is a stanch ad- vocate of the principles of the Republican party, and his religious faith is indicated by his. retaining membership in the First Presby- terian church, of which his wife also is a de- voted adherent. Fraternally he is a member of Canton Lodge No. 60, Free and Accepted Masons, and was one of the incorporators of what is now known as the Savings & Loan Company, one of the prominent financial insti- tutions of Canton. On the 2nd of September, 1891. Mr. Fife was united in marriage to Miss Anna Reed, who was Ixirn and reared in Canton, being a daughter of John P. and Eliza Reed, well known and honored residents of this city for mnnv vears. James ]\L Fife, father of the subject, was born in Columbiana county, Ohio, being a rep- resentative of stanch pioneer stock, and he learned the trade of molder, to which he was devoting his attention in. Allegheny, Pennsyl- vania, at the time of our subject's birth. After coming to Canton he was employed for some time in the molding department of the works of the C. Aultman Company, and thereafter rep- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 541 resented the company as a traveling agent for the long period of twelve years, within which time he visited the most diverse sections of the Union as well as various European countries, in the interests of this important concern. In 1896 he established himself in the fire-insur- ance business in Canton, and has since been successfully identified with this line of enter- prise, conducting the business under the name of the J. M. Fife Insurance Agency. The Fife family is of pure Scottish lineage. The maiden name of our subject's mother was Elizabeth McClure, and she was born in Allegheny, Pennsylvania, of Scotch-Irish descent. She and her husband are prominent and valued members of the First Presbyterian church, and the latter is a member of the Masonic fraternity and a radical Republican in his political pro- clivities. Of the children of James M. and Elizabeth Fife we may say that they have four sons and three daughters, namely: Harry E., Frank R., James A., Arthur G., Clara J., Grace and May P. Grace is now the wife of Otto Giessen, of Canton. HENRY HA AG was born in Jefiferson county, Pennsylvania, in March, 1833, being one of the six children bom to Christopher and Marilla Haag, of which number two survive at the present time, namely : Philip, who resides in Punxsutawney, Jefferson county, Pennsyl- vania, and Mary, who is the widow of Moses Ireley and resides in the state of Texas. The parents were lx)th born in Germany, where three of their children were born, and in 1832 they emigrated to America, one of their children dy- ing en route and being buried at sea. On their arrival in the United States they proceeded to Ebensburg, Cambria county, Pennsylvania, and there the father secured employment in con- nection with the construction of the first rail- road which traversed that section of the state. A year later he removed to Jefiferson county and located in the immediate vicinity of the present little city of Punxsutawney, where he became the owner of a farm of eighty acres, be- ing numbered among the first settlers in the county, wdiere but a few families had antici- pated him in locating. In his native land he had learned the trade of wagon-maker, and to this he continued to devote his attention in con- nection with his farming operations, passing the remainder of his life in Jefferson county, where he died, his wife also passing away in that county, the other three of their children having been born after they took up their resi- dence there. Hemy Haag, the immediate subject of this sketch, grew up on the homestead farm and early began to materially aid in its work, while he also learned the wagon-making trade under the direction of his father, his services in these lines being so insistent as to preclude his regu- lar attendance at school, even had the advan- tages been greater than they were. He man- aged to attend the subscription school, three miles distant from his home, for brief intervals, and thus gained a knowledge of the more rudi- mentar}' branches. He continued to work as a wagon-maker with his father until 1865, when he came to Stark county, locating iri Paris soon after his arrival here and there find- ing employment at his trade. He remained there about two years, and then, after passing a short time in Alliance, he went to Salem, Co- lumbiana county, where he continued to follow his trade for a period of about five years. He then passed a year in Alliance, and at the ex- piration of this period came again to Canton, where he was consecutively engaged in the work of his trade up to 1889, having conducted his operations mdependently for a number of years. In the year mentioned he took up his abode on the present home farm, which he had purchased a year previously, the same being lo- cated in Osnaburg township. Stark county, and comprising one hundred and forty acres of ex- 542 OLD LANDMARKS ceptionally fertile and productive land, the place having substantial improvements of the best order, including an attractive residence. Mr. Haag was a Democrat in politics. Dur- ing the major portion of his life he belonged to the Lutheran church, but in later life be- longed to the Reformed church, of which his widow is a member. His death occurred Janu- ary 14, 1903. On the 29th of October. 1889, Mr. Haag was united in marriage to Miss Adaline Feud- ner, who was born in Lake township, this coun- ty, being a daughter of John and Dorothy ( Househalter) Feudner. both of whom were born in Germany, whence the former emigrated to .America in the early forties, when a young man, while the latter came to this country with her parents m 1838. Mr. and Mrs. Haag are the parents of three children. Richard, John and Dorothy, all at home. On the ist of April, 1903, Mrs. Flaag removed to Canton, where she still resides. CHARLES R. ROTH.— Another of the native sons of Stark county who has here passed his entire life and who has gained pres- tige as an able and enterprising young business man, is Mr. Roth, who is the senior member of the firm of Roth & Hug. who conduct a well equipped drug store at Xo. 333 East Tuscara- was street, in the city of Canton, while they have received a gratifying and representative support from the public, which fact indicates their correct business methods and per.sonal popularity. Mr. Roth was born in the at- tractive village of Navarre, this county, on the i6th of May. 1873. being a son of Beda and Elizabeth (Hug") Roth, both of whom were born in Switzerland, from which fair little re- public they emigrated to /Xmerica in 1871, be- ing accompanied bv their three children, while the other four of their children were born in Stark county. The parents i^f the subject came at once to this county after landing in New ^'ork, and took up their residence in the village of Navarre, where Mr. Roth engag'ed in busi- ness as a carpenter and contractor, there con- tinuing operations in this Ime until 1875. when he came to Canton, where he and his wife have since maintained their home and where he con- tinues to follow the trade as a cabinet maker and builder. Charles R. Roth was but one year of age when his parents thus removed from his native town to Canton, and here he was rearetl to ma- turity, continuing his studies in the public schools until he had attained the age of six- teen yea.rs. when he secvn"ed a position in the drug store of the firm of Stinchcomb & Port- man, and later continued in the same line of oc- cupation .with C. A. Portman & Company and later with H. H. Lik, respective successors, gaining an excellent knowledge of the practical fletails of the business and devoting careful at- tention to pharmacy. In order to ]>erfect his technical knowledge as a professional pharma- cist. Mr, Roth was matriculated in the New "N'ork College of Pharmacy in the city of New York, in i8c)6. and there completed the pre- scribed course of sttidy and was graduated as a member of the class of 1898, coming" forth thoroughly fortified for the business and pro- fession to which he has since so successfully devoted his attention. After his graduation he returned to Canton and was again in the employ of Mr. Ink about one year, at the ex- piration of which, in Septeml:)er, 1899, he es- tablished his present enterprise by entering into ' ]>artner.ship with Casimir K. Hug, under the firm name of Roth & Hug. and they have by energy, enterprise and good management built up an excellent business, while their store is one of the metropolitan establi.shments of the sort in the city, l>eing modern in equipment and carrs'ing a comprehensi\'e and well selected stock in all lines. Li his political adherencv Mr. Roth was for- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 543 nierly identified witli li:e Democratic party, but he now maintains an independent attitude and exercises his franchise in support of men and measures rather than following partisan dic- tates. He is a member of St. Peter's cliurch, Roman Catholic, and fraternally he is a mem- ber of the Woodmen of the World. In Canton, on the 28th of November, 1900, Ish'. Roth was united in marriage tO' Miss Lill- ian Harmony, who was born in Cairo, Ohio, being a daughter of Frank and Sadie Har- mony. Mr. and Mrs. Roth have one child, Bernice, who was born on the 30th of Septem- ber, 1 90 1. LORENZO M. KILLIAN.— One oi the native sons of the city of Canton who has here gamed a position of independence through his own efforts and who commands the confidence and respect of the community, is Mr. Killian, \\ho represents the fifth ward in the city coun- cil and who has conducted a successful business in the city for a number of years, having a well equipped meat market, where he caters to a large and discriminating patronage. His great- grandparaits in the paternal line emigrated from Germany to America and took up their abode in Pennsylvania in an early day. there passing the remainder of their lives, and the old Keystone state was likewise the residence place of the grandparents of the subject. His fa- ther, George Killian, was born in Pennsylvania, whence he came to Ohio when a yoimg man, in the early 'fifties, and he was for a time em- ployed at farm work, but soon took up his residence in Canton, where he was engaged in the butchering business until his death, which occurred in July, 1870, at his home. No. 1623 South Market street. He was the owner of two markets at the time of his death — one be- nig located just east of the public square, on East Tuscarawas street, and the other on South Market street, immediatelv south of the Fort Wayne Railroad tracks. In the latter location there were then only two or three business places south of the railroad tracks, and the fa- ther of the subject acquired about twenty acres of land in the vicinity and eventually disposed of the same for business purposes, realizing a good profit, in politics he was a stanch Demo- crat, and his religious faith was that of the German Reformed church, to whose support he contributed a due quota, being a man of sterl- ing character and one whose fife was one of consecutive industry. After locating in Stark county he was united in marriage to Miss Mary Immel, a daughter of Benjamin Immel, who was a pioneer farmer, located about twelve miles south of Canton. Mr. and Mrs. Killian became the parents of six children, nameh'' : Emanuel, who was established in the meat mar- ket business in Canton for a term of years, died here in about 1893, having been twice married, first to Christina Fleisher, and after her death to her sister, Frances, who survives hjm ; Jacob, a resident of Canton, married Miss Lorena My- ers ; Sarah is the wife of Michael Greminger, of this city; Joseph died, unmarried, at the age of thirty- four years ; George married Miss Alary Barnes and died in Canton, at the age of thirty-two years: and Lorenzo M., the immedi- ate subject of this review, is the youngest of the children. The mother of the subject eventually consummated a second marriage, becoming the wife of Anthony Smith, who died about 1894. She sur\-i\ed until July j6, 1901. her death occurring in the old family home, on South Market street. She likewise was a consistent member of the German Reformed church. Lorenzo M. Killian was born in the home- stead just mentioned, on the nth of December, i860, and his educational discipline was re- ceived in the public schools of this city. He was but ten years of age at the time of his fa- ther's death, and thereafter he became to a large degree dependent upon his own resources, having the self-reliance and common sense to 544 OLD LANDMARKS not waste such opportunities as came to him, and never being afraid of honest labor. When but nine years of age he went to work in the butcher sliop of his brothers, who were then associated in business, and continued in their employ until he was about eighteen, while the following four years were passed as an employe of the Aultnian Company. For the ensuing four years he was associated with his brother, Jacob, in the conducting of a meat market on South Market street, the partnership being then dissolved, the subject becoming the sole owner and having e\'er since continued the enterprise, building up a satisfactory business through fair and honorable dealing and careful attention to all details of the business. From the time of attaining his majority he has maintained a lively interest in the work and cause of the Democratic party, and his zeal not less than his eligibility led to his being made tlie nominee of his party for representative of the fifth ward in the city council, in the spring of 1899. He was elected by a satisfactory majority and was honored with a re-election in the spring of 1901, so that he is in tenure of this office at the present time. He has served on important committees of the municipal body and has at all times aimed to conserve good govern- ment in- all administrative departments, to further the progress of the city in all lines of civic advancement and to be a true representative of his constituency. Among the committees on which he has served may be mentioned that on claims, that on streets and alleys and the railroad committee, being assigned to the last named for both terms of oftice, while he has also held membership on minor committees. Fraternally he is identi- fied with the Independent Order of Foresters and the American Union, and his religious views are in harmony with the tenets of the German Reformed church, under whose di,sci- pline he was reared. In the city of Canton, on the 19th of June, 1881, Air. Killian was united in marriage to Miss Anna Ware, and within the same year he erected his present attractive residence, at 1617 South Market street. The union has l>een blessed with six children, namely : Marie \\'.. who is a graduate of the Canton high school ; Norman L., who assists his father in the market; and Beulah M., Maurice L., Cliff- ord J. and Lorenzo Donald, all of whom re- main at the parental home, to which they lend cheer and brightness, the elder children being also under the home roof, so that the happy family circle is still intact. ANDREW PONTIUS.— The subject of this sketch, better known as 'Squire Pontius, of Plain township, Stark county, is not a law- yer, but he has had much to do in legal matters for other people. He served for eighteen years as justice of the peace, and considers that the soundest piece of advice he ever gave a man in all that time was "avoid the law." Not con- tent with preaching by precept, he instructed also by example, and showed the confidence he had in his own counsel by never having had, durii'tg' the period of seventy-three years that he has lived, a law suit of his own. His pa- ternal grandfather was Fredrick Pontius, who was born in Pennsylvania, July 4, 1772, just four years to a day before the promulgation of the Declaration of Independence, and his grandmother was Margaret (Reedy) Pontius, who was also a native of Pennsylvania, and a year or two younger than her husband. The battles of the Revolutionary war were fought and won during their childhood, the first presi- dent of the United States was inaugurated while they were school children, and the bells tolled for the first time for the death of the immortal Washington about the time they were entering upon the first years of their mar- ried life. Their son, Jacob Pontius, father of the subject, was born in Union county, Penn- ANDREW PONTIUS GROUP. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 545 sylvaiiia. in i8oj, and spent the first fourteen \-ears of his life there. In i8i') the parents nioveil to Stark county, Ohio, whence the lad accompanied tlieni. Thev settled in P'lain township, upon a farm, where they continued to reside until Ju!_\- j8, 1848, when Fredrick Pontius died, at the age of se\-enty-six years. His \\'ife Margaret then went to Wayne coun- ty to reside w ith one of her children, where she li\ed until i8(>i. aljout the time of the breaking out of the Rebellion, when she died at the age of eightv-six years. In his new home in Stark county Jacob Pontius grew to manhood. He was imited in marriage in February, 1827, to Miss Rebecca Essig, wIkj was born in Cum- berland count}'. Pennsylvania, ]\lay 6, 1806. Pier parents mined to Stark county, Ohio, in 1808, before the countv was organized, and when she was but two years old. She was reared as were other girls of her time, their attention Ijeing occupied with far more work than ])leasure. Her educaticm was verv prac- tical as iri those days the spinning wheel and the weaving loom occupied the place of honor in the household, though their place has since been usurped by the easel, the mandolin or the ])iano. The accomplishments of a young lady of that day were judged by the kind and amount of spinning that she was capable of doing, and, judged by this standard, Rebecca Essig was considered an accomplished belle. After marriage they settled down to the customary work of the farm. To Jacob and Rebecca Pontius three children were born, \iz. : John, Andrew and Margaret. John died in I'lain t(]\\nship, in December, 1890: Margaret is the widow of Jacob H. Bair, of North Can- ton, and Andrew- is the subject of this sketch. The father dierl in the flower of manhood, in 1832, when but thirty years of age, while liis wife died October 14, 1896. at the age of ninety years, five months and eight days. .\ndrevv Pontius was born in Plain town- ship. Stark county, Ohio, August 22. 1829, 34 and during all of the seventy-three years of his life he has been a resident of that town- ship, farming and stockraising having been the business of his life, b'ortv (jr more vears ag'o, when reajjuig machines first came in vogue, he tra\eled over the country a good deal as a representative of a manufacturing company. He did nuich to break down a cer- tain prejudice which prevailed at the time against such machines and was accorded much credit by his employers, not only by the sales made by him, but for starting the purchasers ofif with the machines all right and because of the general satisfaction expressed by the people with whom he did business. On May 22. 1851, Andrew Pontius was united in marriage to Misss Sarah Jane Correll, who was a native of Adams county, Pennsyl- vania, born March 31. 1828. Her parents were John and Elizal>eth Correll, natixes of Pennsylxania, who had emigrated to Stark county, Ohio, some years pre\-ious. After mar- riage the young couple established themselves upon a farm in l^lain township and there they continued to reside since. To them se\-en chil- dren were born, viz. ; Lorin W'.. who is a physician in Canton, Ohio; Jackson W., a busi- ness man of Canton; Glancy C, a farmer of Perry township; Lucy M., wife of Judge M. E. Aungst, of Canton; William J. and Charles .\. are farmers and dairymen, nperating the largest dairy in Stark county. Since reaching man's estate, Andrew Pontius has been of a cool, deliberate, dis- passionate temperament. Every situation that he encountered he weighed carefully and never acted until he was thoroughly convinced that he was right. It was possibly this disposition of deliberation that induced the people of Plain township to make him justice of the peace. He tried many law-suits and it is remarked by his neighbors that they were conducted with as much decorum as might iiave been expected from a higher court, but he ne\er issued the 546 OLD LANDMARKS preliminary papers in a case without strongly advising- against the proceeding. So well did he discharge the duties of the position, that time after time he was re-elected, until he absolutely and positively refused to serve longer. In the whole course of his long and active life he never had a law-suit of his own, and no decision of his has ever been reversed on appeal, the impartiality and fairness of his judgment being generally recognized. In politics Andrew Pontius has always been a Democrat and, while he has taken an active part in campaigns in the interest of his party, he has never aspired to public position or sought place at the hands of any party. Years ago he served his township as clerk, for which he received the munificent salary of fifteen dollars per year. He has also been elected and served a number of terms as township treasurer and was at one time placed in charge of the office of county treasurer, though never having been elected to the position, in which he served for two years. In church work he is very much interested and at this time is president of the board of trustees of the Lutheran church of Canton, of which he is a member. From any standpoint from which a person desires to view it, the life of Mr. Pontius has Ijeen a most suc- cessful one, even when looked upon from the financial side. He is the owner of three hun- dren and twenty acres of valuable land, besides a vast amount of personal property, enough to keep him in comfort and ease all the years of his life. Hence, in the midst of life-long friends, having long passed the p-^triachal period of three score and ten years, he is enjoy- ing the evening of a well spent life, hnppy in the love and respect of all. CVSIMIR K. HUG.— Casimir Thig. Sr., father of the subject, was born in Solothum canton. Switzerland, in the year 1842. ind there received a good common-school education, while he learned the trade of stone ma- son in his native land, becoming a thor- oughly skilled artisan in the line. About the year 1870 he emigrated to Amer- ica, landing in New York city, whence he soon afterward came to Stark county and took up his residence in the village of Navarre, where he engaged in contracting in the line of his trade. There he was united in marriage to Miss Alice Portman, a sister of Dr. O. E. Port- man, of Canton, in the sketch of whose life, appearing elsewhere in this work, is given gene- alogical data concerning the family. Four years after his marriage Mr. Hug came to Can- ton, in order to find a wider field of endeavor, and here he continued to follow contracting and building tintil his death, \\hich occurred in the year 1889. His widow still resides in Canton, both having become communicants of St. Peter's church, Roman Catholic, soon after lo- cating here, while in politics the father of our , subject was a stanch Democrat. To him and , his devoted wife were born seven children, all of whom are living except one. their names, in order of birth, being as follows: Lena, Charles, Casimir. Emma. Annie (who died at i the age of seventeen years), Clara and Alice. , Casimir Hug. Jr., was born in the family home, on Charles street. Canton, on the loth of December, 1875. and here he attended the , public schools until he had attained the age of sixteen years, when he secured a position as clerk in a drug store, continuing to be thus en- gaged for the following eight years, within which he prosecuted his studv of the business so carefully and effectively that he liecame eligi- ble for registration as a pharmacist upon ex- amination before the state board of pharmacy. In 1889 he entered into partnership with Charles R. Roth, and the two young men have since conducted a very satisfactory drug busi- ness at No. 333 East Tuscarawas street, having a modern and attractive establishment and the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 547 best of facilities in all lines. Mr. Hug is a Democrat in politics, is a communicant of St. Peter's church, and fraternally is identitied with the Knights of Columbus and the Catholic Mu- tual Benefit .Association. RAY F. HARBERT.— John Harbert. the great-grandfather of the subject, was a na- tive of Bavaria, Germany, where he devoted his life to the vocation of milling, having been a man of no little prominence in his native place, where he reared his children to lives of use- fulness and honor, even as had his father be- fore !iim, the name having been identified with the history of that part of the great German empire for many generations. The grandfa- ther of the subject likewise bore the name of John and was born in Bavaria, in 1810. There he was reared and educated and there he con- tinued to reside until 1834, when he severed the ties which bound him to home and father- land, and, like many another of his country- men, emigrated to America, that he might avail himself of the superior advantages here afford- ed for attaining independence and prosperity through individual efforts. In the year men- tioned, in company with his younger brother, Henry, he embarked, in the city of Bremen, on a sailing vessel, and one hundred and five days elapsed ere the weary young emigrants landed in the port of New York city, the vessel hav- ing drifted from its course and having thus been greatly delayed. From New York the brothers made their way to Pittsburg, Penn- sylvania, where they separated, and the grand- father then came on to Ohio, his brother se- curing employment on one of the Ohio river boats, from which he fell overboard and was undoubtedly drowned, as nothing was ever heard from or of him after that time. John Harbert found employment in Tuscarawas county, where he remained until 1836. when he came to Canton, where he maintained his home for a short interval, but within this time he had assumed connubial responsibilities, having here been united in marriage to Miss Margaret Schario. After his marriage Mr. Harbert pur- chased a tract of land about six miles south- east of the town, where he turned his attention to fa.rming and also engaged in mining coal upon a small scale. There he passed the re- mainder of his life, having made good improve- ments on his place, according to the standard of the time and locality, and having developed a valuable property before his demise, which oc- curred in .1S81, his widow surviving until 1889. Both were devoted members of St. Peter's Catholic church, in Canton, and in, politics Grandfather Harbert was an uncompromising Democrat. Of this union six children were born, namely : Margaret, who is the wife of John Hoilter, of Pike township, this county; John, a successful farmer of the same town- ship, as is also Barnet; Mary, who is the wife of John Martin, of Canton township ; Henry, the father of the subject of this review; and .A.ndrew, of Pike township, all the children be- ing married except the last mentioned. Henry Harbert, father of the subject, was born on the old homestead farm, in Canton township, on the 4th of April, 1851, and his early educational training was such as was af- forded in the district schools, which at that time were fairly well equipped for the work of in- struction. He continued to assist in the work of the home farm until 1874, when he started O'Ut on his own responsibility. In 1874, in the city of Canton, he was united in marriage to Miss Catherine Wertz, who was born here, on the 9th of September, 1852, being a daughter of George and Catherine (Thouvenin) Wertz, and after his marriage he continued to be iden- tified with farming in Canton township for a number of years, becoming the o^ATier of a good property. Then he was for a time en- gaged in the mercantile business at North In- dustrv, this countv. after which he returned to 548 OLD LANDMARKS his farm, where he remained for the ensuing seven years, at tlie expiration of which, in 1895, he came to Canton and opened a grocery store at 2105 South Market street, where he has since been successfully established in business, being well known to the people' of this section of the county and controlling a good trade, while he is animated by the highest principles of honor and integrity and commands une- quivocal esteem in the community. Hoth he and his wife are consistent CDmmunicants of the Catholic church, being members of St. Mary's parish, and in politics he has ever been a stanch Democrat. He has held minor town- ship offices, and was postmaster at North In- dustr}' for four years, under Cleveland's ad- mmistration. A brief record concerning- the children of George and Catherine (W'ertz) Harbert is as follows: Ray W'., the immedi- ate subject of this sketch, is the eldest; Laura is the wife of Henry Larson, of Canton; and George A., Louis, Austin, Albert, Helen and Zeima still remain at the parental home. Ray \\ . Harbert was born on the liome- stead farm, in Canton township, on the 25th of March. 1875. and he initiated his educational training at the age of live vears, when he stur- dily began to trudge to and from the district school, while he continued his studies dinging a portion of each year until he had attained the age of sixteen, so that he was well fortified in the knrnvledge essential to a successful career in connection with jjractical Inisiness. When a mere boy he began to assist in his father's store at North Industry, and this training proved of much \alne to him. He came to Canton with his ])arents in iS(j3, and has ever since been associated with his father in busi- ness. Tiie grocery is well equip])ed in the matter of accessories and tlie stock is always of the highest standard, including Ixjth staple and fancy lines and the varied specialties which are now demamled in every first-class establish- meiU of the sort. The precedence which the subject has at- tainetl in a public or political way is much to his credit and lionor, for his first [iresidential \'ote was cast in 189O, when he gave his support to Bryan, and he has taken an active interest in the cause of the Democratic party since that time, ha\ing been a member of the executive committee of the party contingent in Stark county, and also of the city committee. In the spring of igod he was made the nominee of his part)- for representatixe of tiie sixth ward in the cit\' council, and was elected by a gratifv- ing majorit}'. He jjroved an active working member of the municii)al body, ever aiming to use his best efforts in the furthering of the city's interests and so gaining the commenda- tion of his constituents that he was chosen as his own successor in the spring of 1902. He is at the present time a member of committees on ordinances, garliage and street crossings, lie- ing chairman of the one first mentioned. He is a communicant of St. Mary's Catln ilic church, as is also his wife, and fraternally he is identified with the Knights of St. John and the Catholic Mutual Benefit Association, in the work of each of which he takes a Ii\el\' interest. .On the 23d of July, 1901, Mr. Harbert was lunted in marriage to Miss Margaret (iajie, of Canton, to which cit\' her jjarents. Thomas and Mar\ ((jallagher) Ciajie. remo\ed from Kittanning. I^ennsylvania, in the autumn of ]89-|. Mr. ;uid Mrs. Harliert have one child, Lawrence Ra\ niond. who w;is born on the 1 1 th of |nl\-. i(;02. JEROMK J. KUlDh'.R was b.irn on a farm in Washington townshi]), this count}', on the T3th of October. 1871. and there be continued to lia\e his home until he had attained the age of nineteen years. His ]ireliminary educational training" was received in the district schools in the \icinit}- and when twenty- four years of age he was matriculated in the Ohio Normal ii CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 549 Scliool at Ada. where he continued his studies for two \ears. lla\ ing tliorouglily fortified iiimseif for pedagogic work so far as technical preparation was inNohed. he Ijegan teaching at the age of nineteen years, and that he proved successful fnini the mitiation of his efforts is evident fr' JUi the fact that for five years he was retained as teacher in district No. 2. Wash- ingtnn t()wnshi|). He was thoroughly earnest and enthusiastic in his work, and this fact, no less than !iis ahility. has conserved the excep- tiiina! success which he has won. In 1897 Mr. K rider came to Canton and effected tlie pur- ch.ase of the Canton Business College, located in tlie Wernet iilock. and in August of the same year tins college was consolidated witli the Actual Business College, the title of the latter heing retained tuider the new management. .\t the time of tlie merging of the two institutions the suhject of this sketch was elected to his present dual position as secretary of the college and principal of the commercial department. Under tlie new regime the numher of students in average attendance has practically increased threefold, and each department of the college is maintained under effective direction and with the hest of f.'icilities. so that its reputation is extending throughout a wide radius of coun- try and attracting a fine class of students, who are fully ai)])reciati\e of the advantages afford- ed. The future of the institution is one that can not fail to lie cumulative in precedence and success. The headquarters of tlie school for the first three years after tlie consolidation were in the \ oung Men's Christian Association huilding. hut in Jul\', 1900. the present si:)acious and eligihie ijuarters. in tlie Martin l)1ock. were secured. Mr. Krider enjovs marked ])opulari- ty in the community and among his students, wlio realize his earnest efforts in tiieir hehalf. Ill i>olitics lie liolds to tlie Repuliiican faith, so far as Insic principles are concerned, lint in practical affairs of a puhlic nature he is inde- pendent in attitude, sujiporting men and meas- ures, rather than heing guided along strict par- tisan lines. He and his wife attend the United I'.rethren church. On the 24th of July, 1901, Mr. Krider was united in marriage to Miss Blanche Diver, of Deerfield, Portage county, Ohio, where she was horn, heing a daughter of O. L. and Julia (Hough) Diver, who still reside in Deerfield, her father heing one of the prominent and in- fluential men (if that place. Henrv Krider. father of the suhiect. was horn in Canton, and in his boyhood days his father owned the Harter property on North Market street, and that was his home until the family removed to a farm two miles northwest of the town of Minerva, this county, he having heen twelve years of age at the time. There he was reared to maturity, aiding in the work of the farm and securing a good common- sciiool education. .A.s a young man he was united in marriag^e to Miss Elizabeth Byers, who was l)orn in this county and who resided near Miner\-a nearly all her life. After her death, about 1S57, he married her sister, Ra- chel, and about two years subsequent to this second marriage Mr. Krider removed to tlie old home farm in W^ashington township, where he remained until 1894. when he ptuxhased a farm of thirty-two acres, in the same town- ship, where he has since maintained his home, having practically retired from active labor. His second wife, the mother of the subject, died in September, 1881. and later he married Miss Mary Ann Saffer. who has borne him one child. I<"lorence, who remains at the parental home. Of the children of his first marriage brief record is entered as follows: John is a successful merchant at Malvern, this county: and T'^lmira is the wife of John V. Buck, of Carlton. Ohio. Of the second marriage were l)orn the following children : Loretta, who is the wife of Daniel Logsdon, a resident of the state of Kansas: Alice, who is the wife of Frank Burgett, of Marlboro township. Stark 550 OLD LANDMARKS county ; Melissa, wlio is the wife of Eugene Rollins, of Chicago, Illinois; George, who is engaged in the grocery business in Canton, married Miss Ella Lower, of this county ; Orella is the wife of Willianj O. Brien, and they now reside in the city of Chicago; and Jerome J. is the immediate subject of this sketch. It may be stated in conclusion that the original ancestors of the Krider family in America were the grandparents of the subject, who emigrated hither from Switzerland about the year 1822, uther children being l)orn to them after their location in Ohio, where they passed the closing years of tlieir earnest and useful lives, worthy of the honor so uniformly accorded them. JACOB KUNEMAN. — The paternal grandfather nf the subject was born in the pri>\ince nt Alsace, France, of German lineage, and there passed his entire life. Tliere also was born, in 1803, his son, Theobokl. the place of whose nativity was the \illage of Ramersmatt, located in the mountainous districts of the province. There he was reared to maturity, his life of toil begin- ning while he was a mere boy, and he was for some time employed in the mines of the local- ity. He was able through constant and as- siduous labor, to provide a home for his family, having become the owner of a house and a few acres of ground. In his native town he was married to Miss Barbara Stucker, who was born in 179Q, and they continued their resi- dence in Alsace initil 1846, in the autumn of which year ^Ir. Kuneman sold his house and, with scarcely more than sufficient money to pay for the transportation of the family to America, he emigrated to this country, embark- ing, at Havre, on the sailing vessel "Alabama," which did not drop anchor in the port of New York until after a voyage of more than forty days' duration. From the national metropolis Mr. Kuneman, with his wife and their eight children, i)rocecdcil westward, having gone by the Erie canal to Buffalo and thence, by steam- boat, on Lake Erie, to Cleveland, Ohio, from wliich point they came by canal to Massillon, Stark count}-, and from that point overland to their destination in Canton. The father of the subject was an honest, industrious, upright man, and he was true to his duty and made the best of the meager opportunities which were his portion. He continued to work as a day labc_)i"er until called to that rest which is eternal, his death occurring in Canton, in the year 1887, while his devoted wife, who had been a true helpmeet, survived him by only two years. He was a Democrat in his political proclivities, and both he and his wife were members of the Ger- man Catholic church, in whose faith they reared their children. Theobokl and Barbara Kuneman became the parents of eight children, concerning whom the following is a brief record : John, who was born on the 24th of June, 1827, renioxed to the state of Mississippi, where he married, and he now resides in Yazoo county, that state; Johanna, hovn on the 31st of August, 1828, is the wife of Maurice Gilling, of Maximo, Stark county, Ohio: Barbara, born on the 3d of April, 1830, is the wife of F. X. Boesch, of Brooklyn, New York ; Theresa, born June 9, 1832, never married, and her death occurred, in Canton, on the ist of April, 1901 ; August, born on the nth of November, 1836, died in October, 1873, in Canton; Ambrose, born March 28, 1838, lives at Ashland, Ohio; Jacob, the immediate subject of this review, was the next in order of birth ; and Benedict, born on the 16th of September, 1841, is a resident of Mansfield, having been a member of the Fourth Ohio Volunteer Lifantry during the war of the Rebellion ; he married Annie Dolan, and they have five children. Jacol) Kuneman, the subject of this sketch. ^n^ At) J:,'. C^ **C the average young couple of the present day. But they were secure in mutual trust and affec- tion and willing to work together for that in- dependence and success which eventually crowned their efforts, and they had no thought of complaining about conditions, having the courage to dare and to do and facing the re- sponsibilities of life with brave hearts and will- ing hands. They later removed from their first house to one which 'was located next to the present home of J. S. Saxton, on West Tus- carawas street, Mr. Trout acquiring the own- ership of the property and having erected a comfortable house on the lot. This continued to l)e their place of abode for a full decade, and in 1865 they removed to the substantial brick homestead which had been erected by Mr. Trout's father in 1838. at the corner of Cleve- land avenue and Third street. Here tliey made their home until 1870. when ^Mr. Trout erected a residence on the lot contiguous on the north, and this is the present home- of his widow, the place being doubly endeared and hallowed to her bv the memories and associations of the past. "Sir. Trout continued to be actively en- gaged in contracting and building up to within a vear prior to his death, which occurred on the 27th of July, 1802. and he w-as known and hon- ored as one of the public spirited and thor- oughly representative business men of the city, his word having ever been inviolable and his in- tegritv of the most exalted order, so that he commanded the untpialified confidence and es- teem of all who knew him. He ever took a dee]") interest in all that concerned the wcllbeing CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 555 of his native city and his influence and aid were ever extended in the furtherance of all worthy enterprises and projects tending to conserve the general good. In 1855 he was elected to the office of city clerk of Canton, and the fidel- ity of his administration of tiie office did not lack for popular appreciation, as is significantly evident when we re\-ert to the fact fliat he con- tinued in tenure of the position for eighteen consecutive years. He also served for many ye;n"s a.-^ a member of the board of trustees, be- ing incumbent of both of these offices simul- taneously for a decade. In politics he originally gave his support to the Whig party, but later transferred his allegiance to the Democratic party, with which he continued to be identified until his death, having been an active worker in the cause of his party. He was a man who stood "four square to every wind that blows," and he left that most priceless of all heritages, an honored name, no shadow darkening any portion of his long and useful life, which was as an open scroll, inviting and challenging the closest scrutiny. He was reared in the Catholic church and ever kept the faith with all sincerity and devotion, having been a communicant of St. John's church and one of the liberal sup- porters of parochial and general church work. His widow is likewise a communicant of this church and has been one of the zealous and de- voted workers in the same. e\-er striving to order her life in harmony with the teachings of. the divine Master. Joseph and Caroline (Meyer) Trout be- came the parents of eleven children, concerning whom we offer the following brief record : Ella IS a sister of the order of St. Joseph, and is at the present time stationed in Washington, Georgia ; Mary died at the age of two years ; .Rosa is the wife of James McGuire. of Pitts- burg. Pennsylvania ; Joseph died at the age of two years; Mary (second) is the wife of Den- nis Quinn, of Canton; Charlotte is the wife of Edward Biechele, of this city; Anne is the wife of Samuel Roberts, of Lexington, Kentucky; Eugenia is the wife of Howard McCorkle, also of Lexington ; Frances died in childhood ; Cath- erine is the wife of Robert Diebold, of Canton ; and Daisy remains with her mother in the old homestead. Caroline (Meyer) Trout, the immediate subject of this review, was born in the family residence, located on the site of the present Hanna building, on the 28th of May. 1828. and she received her education in a seminary here conducted in the early days by Re\-. Andrew Goshorn, a clergyman of the Methodist Episco- pal church, continuing her studies until she had attained the age of seventeen years. \Mien she was fi\'e years of age her father removed to his farm, located on the north side of wliat is now km.iw n as Meyer's lake, in Plain township, and here she grew to womanhood. Her grand- father is the agnatic line was Andrew ]\Ieyer, who was born in the picturesque city of Bonn,' on the Rhine, and there he was reared to nia- turit}'. Thence, in company with tvro elder brothers, he emigrated to the L'nited States in the year \\ hen its constitution was adopted, and the three located in Baltimore, where he was associated with his brother, Godfrey Meyer, in the conducting of a copper and brass foundry for many years, having learned the trade prior to his emigration to America. The family was one of distinction and prominence in Germany, the father of these three brothers having owned extensive vineyards on the Rhine. Col. Francis Meyer served under Napoleon, being present at the taking of the citv of Moscow and also tak- ing part in the e\er memorable battle of Water- loo. For his distinguished services the Em- peror, the great Napoleon, conferred upon him the cross of the Legion of Honor, the same be- ing elaborately jeweled, as was also the sword which his chief also presented him, both of these valuable and historic trophies being still retained in the possession of the family. Con- cerning the family history more complete detail 556 OLD LANDMARKS is found in tlie skelcii m' niemnir of Andrew Meyer. <^randtatlier of Airs. Trout, appcarint;- on ntlier i)ages of tliis work, saitl tribute Ijeing' accorded to one wiio stood as one of tlie most honored and influential pioneers of tliis section of the r.uckeye state. .\n(h-ew Meyer was a sohUer in the war of 1812. liaving assisted in the defense of Baltimore and ha\ing' come to Ohio ere the war closed, his first visit in the slate lia\ing' been made in 181-I. when be came to Stark county and here entered government land ,ind also jiurchased other tracts until he was the owner of sixteen Inindred acres, all ]\ing in the \icinit\- of Canton. He then re- turned to l5altiniore for his w ife, whose maiden name was Cfjrdelia Gross and who was at the time of her marriage to Mr. Meyer a widow, her lirst husl)and basing been John Hassafrass. He resided in Canton until 1818. when he re- mcveil to his large farm, having rapidly pushed the work of reclaiming and otherwise im])ro\- ing the estate, and in 1838 lie erected the resi- dence now owned by his grandson, Edward Mever. near Mever's lake, in Canton township, \\here be coiilinued to make bis home until bis death, in |une. 1S48. at the venerable age of eighty-eight years, his wife ha\ing passed away in the ])receding year. He amassed a fortune. ba\ing a large Landed estate in this county and also owning valuable realty in the city of Balti- more. Maryland, to which he made }'early vis- its, at lirst b}' means of wagons and later b_\- public stages. He was one of the organizers of St. John's Catholic church and prominent in its work, and his descendants have retained identilication with the same. .\ndrew and Cordelia Meyer became the parents of five chil- dren, namely : b^rancis. father of Mrs. Trout ; Andrew, who married Miss Eliza Hazlett, of Baltimore, and who died in Canton; Joseph, concerning whom individual mention is made on another ])age of this xolume: Elizabeth, who became the wife of James Cassilly. and who died in Canton; ami .\lena. who became the wife of 1 homas I'atton. and who likewise died in Canton. b'rancis IMeyer. father of Mrs. Trout, was born in the city of Baltimore. Alaryland. in 1795, and completed his education in the col- lege at Emmettsburg. that state. He came with the family to Ohio in 1818, and here he became an assistant in the office of the clerk of Stark county. Later he engaged in the mer- cantile business at .Mount Eaton, whence he removed to Bethlehem, this county, where he was engaged in the same line of enter])rise until 1832, when he took up his alxide on a i)ortion of the old bome.'^tead. baxing in his ])ossession a farm of live hundred acres. He was a \aliant soldier in the Ci\il war. haxing enlisted first in the Thirty-second Regiment. Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and later having become ;i member of Williams" Third Ohio Battery. He served until the close of the war. having participated in many of the most notable engagements, in- cluding the siege of Vicksburg and the battles of Shiloh and I'ittsburg Landing. .\fter the close of the war be served as deputy ])aymaster, inider Mullet, at the national capital and later in Milwaukee. Wisconsin. He was a man of marked e.xecutive ability, guiding his life ac- cording to the highest principles of integrity and honor and ablv upholding the standard of an unblemished family escutcheon. He died in February. 1S79. at the home of liis son. Joseph, on Clexelatid avenue. Canton, and the community mourned the loss of a nc^ble man and worth\- citizen. He was a member of St. John's church and bis life was ever in harmony with the faith which he so humbly and deeply ])rofessed. 1 le was originally a DeuKKrat in politics, baxing given his support to Andrew- Jackson, but during the later years of his life he ga\e bis allegiance to the Republic;ni ])arty. He was a man of fine intellectuality and force- ful individuality and his influence was ever exerted in su])port of whatever is true and en- niiblin"- in life. .\bout the vear 1826 he mar- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 557 ried Miss Caroline Bogan, who was born in Frederick. Maryland, a daug-hter of Dr. Antlmny lli.gan. a distinguished physician (if that state, antl one who served as surgeon in the Continental army, under W'ashington, during the war of the Revolution. Mrs. Caroline Meyer, nurther (jf the subject, died in 1878, at the age of eighty-six years, having' been a woman of gentle refinement and noble at- tributes of character. Her fixe children were as follows : Mrs. Caroline Tn nit, whose name initiates this article; Joseph, who married Miss Caroline Bleck, of Canal Do\er, Ohio, was for many years engaged in the mercantile business in Canton, where he died in 1886; Cordelia, who never married, died in 1875 ■ Francis mar- ried Miss Catherine \\'ise, and thev reside in Washington, D. C. : and Mary, the wife of \\"ilson Haines, is likewise a resident of the national capital. ROBERT .\. CASSIDY claims the old Keystone state as the place of his nativity, hav- ing been ixjrn in Blairsx'ille. Indiana countv, Pennsylvania, i.>n the 20th of December, 1839, and there he passed his boyhood days, receiv- ing his preliminary education in. the public .schools, though his final chploma was signed bv that wise headmaster. Experience. He re- tnained at the parental home until the spring of 1855, when, though Imt fifteen years of age, he went to tlie state oi Iowa, which was then on the western frontier of civilization, and passed one year at P'ort Des Moines, with Rol)- ert J. Clark, one of the principal engineers who located the line of the Pennsylvania Railroad, the celebrated Horse-shoe curve on that line having been an unprecedented piece of en- gineering work planned and carried out bv liim. After his return home Mr. Cassidv entered upon an apprenticeship at the printer's trade in his nati\-e town, and in the winter ol 1856-57 he went to Bellefonte, Pennsylvania, where he secured a pusitjun in the office nf the 'ild Centre Democrat, where he was empldved u\> to the time when he went forth in response to the call of higher duty, as the integrit\- and honor of the nation were menaced b\- armed re- bellion. In the meanwhile, on the _'4th of December, i860, he was there united in mar- riage to Mi.ss Caroline M. Johnson, a daughter of James M. Johnson, an influential citizen of Bellefonte. Scarcely had the young couple altered upon their happy married life when the subject withdrew himself from the ties which lx)unf' liim to home and lo\-ed ones, for in August, 1862. lie enlisted as a musician in Compaii}- H. One Hundred and Fortv-eighth Pennsylvania \'oluiiteer Infantry (of which he became principal musician at the organization ), which was assigned to the .\rnn- of the Po- tomac, and with w liicli be remained in active service until soon after the battle of (lettvs- burg, \\heii he was transferred to the \'eteran Reserve Corps, in winch he served until the close of the war. haxing participated in man\- of the notable conflicts which marked the jM-ogress of the war. Pie received his Imnorable dis- charge at Elmira, New ^'ork, on the 2nth of July, 1865, and on the 4tli of the following August he came t(.i Canton. He was so fa\'or- ably impres.scd with the little city that he deter- mined to locate here permanentlv, and was shortly afterward joined liy his wife. Here he became a compositor in the office of the Stark County Republican, where he remained until the following autumn, when he took charge of the office of A. [. Allen, who was engaged in the manufacture of patent roofing, and in this position he continued until the autumn of 1867, when he assumed a clerical position in the office of E. Ball (S: Company, manufacturers of agri- cultural machiner}-. ;nid bis abilit\- led to his being promoted to the position of business manager of this large concern, an incumbencv which he retained for a full decade. In 1880 55« OLD LANDMARKS Mr. Cassidy again ulcntitied himself with the printing business, which invariably has a fasci- nation for those w In > ha\e been its. devotees for any consideral)lc period, and in 1885 he pnrcliased a building and equipped the same with a modern printing plant, and from that time he has contintiously devoted his attention to the "art preservative of all arts," having built up a very prosperous and gratifying busi- ness and having the best of facilities in all de- partments of his establishment. Mr. Cassidy has served as a member of the board of education, the board of health, the humane society, as a member of the city coun- cil, .and was elected mayor and served one term as such, giving a clean conservatixe and busi- nesslike administration, though he undoubtedly antagonized certain pernicious forces and agencies in both numicipal and civic affairs during his regime, lie was a member of the city council at the time when the paving of the streets was first advocated, and he warmly supported the measures for compassing needed improvements along this line. He has always been a stanch supporter of the Republican party, but such is his popularity among the people of the city that his name has frequently appeared on the Democratic ticket. Fratern- ally he is a member of McKinley Post No. 25, Grand Army of the Republic, of which he is past commander ; of Canton Lodge No. 60, Free and Accepted Ma.sons ; and of Nimisella Lodge No. 39, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, in which he has passed the various official chairs. At Bellefonte, Pennsylvania, in March. 1857, Mr. Cassidy united with the Methodist Episcopal' church, in whose spiritual and tem- poral work he has ever since been most actively concerned. For more than a quarter of a century he has been a local preacher of the First Methodist Episcopal church. He identi- fied himself with the First church upon taking up his residence here and in its work he has been most zealous. He has been a teacher in . its Sunday school since 1865, and prior to this had done similar service in Pennsylvania, 1 his C'hristian faith being one of consecration arid good works from the time he was led to ' the Dixine Master. In the present Sunday ' school there are grandchildren of persons who were in his class when he initiated his work in the churcii here. During the more active years of his ministerial labors in Canton, Mr. Cassidy was called upon to officiate at more funerals than any other clerg\-man exxept the ^ Rev. Peter Herbruck. of revered memory, and his words of faith and consolation have lightened the burdens resting on many a be- reaved heart. He is a stanch advocate ©f the cause of temperance, and has spared no effort to further the same by all legitimate and con- sistent means. He is a versatile writer, full of appreciation of the best in literature, and has force and facility as a public speaker. His noble wife still remains at his side, having e\'er l)een a svmpathetic companion and an able coadjutor in all good works. They have si.K children, and in conclusion of this brief tribute the following statements are entered concerning them : Wilbur is engaged in print- ing in Bellefonte, Pennsylvania; Grace is the wife of John Fosnaught; Margaret remains at the parental home ; Martha is the wife of Leonard Betz ; Lucy is the wife of Lowery Sobc": and Carrie is the wife of James A. W'elker, all of this city, so that .the subject and his wife still have about them, in a comparati\-e sense, all save one of their children. PETER MELCHIOR was l)orn in the province of Msace, France, now a part of the German empire, the year of his nativity having been 1816. His father, Nicholas Melchior, was likewise born in Alsace, and was a soldier under Napoleon Bonaparte seven years, and CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 5 59 had a splendid record for bravery. He was wounded severely several times and was made a commissioned officer, obtaining four medals for distinguished deeds of valor. He emi- grated with his family to America when the subject of this sketch was a boy of fourteen years. Nicholas Melchior took up his abode in Canton when it was a mere hamlet in the midst of the primitive forests, but he eventually re- moved hence to Jasper, Dubois county, Indi- ana, where he established a brewery, which he continued to operate for a number of years, and there he passed the remainder of his life. His son Peter received his early educational training in the pioneer schools and in Canton he learned the trade of cooper, under the di- rection of an old gentleman named 'Fogel, one of the first to engage in that line of enterprise in this place. In the early 'thirties Peter Melchior became identified with the brewing- business in Canton, having for a time rented the Ixeighman brewery, while later he pur- chased three acres of land, on a part of which the old homestead now stands, the same being located on South Market street. On this land was an old log cabin of one room, and he selected the site because of its elevation, which was sufficient to afford the necessary fall to carry away the water from the brewery. He continued to be actively engaged in business until his death, which occurred on the 3d of December, 1864, and his entire career was one which showed the highest principles and the most inflexible integrity. He eventually sold portions of his land for residence purposes, and the old brewer_\- was long since razed, having been a familiar landmark for many years. His widow still resides on the old homestead, which occupies a portion of this site, as before noted. Mr. Melchior was a com- municant of St. John's Catholic church, in the erection of whose edifice he rendered material and liberal assistance, while he was ever de- voted to tlie faith in wliich he had been reared. In the year 1837 was solemnized the mar- riage of Mr. Melchior to Miss Elizabeth Trout, and of their children the following brief record is entered : ^Margaret, who became the wife of Joseph Frantz, died in Canton, in 1872; John is still a resident of this city, where he is en- gagetl in the wholesale paper business ; Joseph is a successful real estate dealer in the state O'f Washington ; August is engaged as superin- tendent of the Joliet Manufacturing Company, in Joliet, Illinois; Mary is the wife of Jacob Smith, of Middle Branch, Ohio; Peter is lo- cated in the west ; and Nicholas is a represent- ative merchant of Canton. Elizabeth (Trout) Melchior was born in a log cabin wliich was owned by John Shorb and wliich stood on the site of the present court house in Canton, the date of her nativity having been September 2, 1818, and, as previously stated, she has the distinction of being one of the oldest living natives of Canton, whose en- tire growth and development she has witnessed, while she has had the high regard of not only her contemporaries but also those of later generations, who may well listen with interest and appreciation to her reminiscences of the pioneer days. She is a daughter of Joseph Trout, who came to Canton about the year 1817, purchasing a tract of land adjoining on the north that of Mr. Shorb, of whom mention has been made. 'J'his land was largely within the present municipal limits, but was at that time but little improved, while it was reclaimed for farm purposes. Mrs. Melchior was not formally christened until she was about seven years of age, as no priest of the church had \-isited the town in the interim and none was accesssible except at considerable distance. Her mother died when Elizabeth was still a child, and she was taken into the home of her sister Charlotte, who had learned the trade of milliner in the city of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and who had opened an establishment opposite the Hotel Com'ad, at the corner of North Mar- S6o OLD LANDMARKS ket and Tliird streets, havint^' been a pioneer in thus catering- to the esthetic tastes of tiie laches in the little town. Mrs. Melcliior at- tended the school taught hy Mr. Monks, but her early advantages in an eilucational way were necessarily limited, owing to the exigen- cies of the time and place. She remained with her sister until her marriage to Mr. Melchior, upon whose death she was left witli a family of children, largely deiiendent upon her for main- tenance. She bra\'el\ assumed the burden thus in)])osed, and her struggle was a heroic and noble one. which has had its reward in the hhal lose and solicitude of her children in the later years. Sh.e disposed of the l)rewery equipment and ioxc down the building, and in 1868 siie erected her present home on the site, on South Market street. She t'(|ui])])ed the house with a large dining room, antl for many years pro\-ided tor the family by taking boarders. She is well known to the people of Canton and has the affection of an exception- ally wide circle of de\'oted friends. Joseph Trout, father of ]\Irs. Melchior, was born in .\lsace, France, and as a mason w'as in the service of Xapoleon for seven years, aiding in the construction of forts. He finally wearied of his association with polemic affairs, and about 1817 emigrateil to America, in company witli his wife and their three children. They landed in the city of Baltimore, and there Mr. Irout formed the acquaintance of Joseph Shorb. with wliirui he came to' Canton, where he took up go\ernment land, as pre\iously noted, paying one dollar and twenty-five cents ])er acre for the same. He was a devout mem- ber of the Catholic church and assisted in the organization of the congregation of St. John's and later in the erection of a church edifice. His first wife, whose maiden name was Mary TTafler, died in Canton, and he later married Catherine l')Our. who survived him by several years, no chiklren having been lx>rn of this union. Of the first marriage six children were born prior to the emigration to .\merica, and three of the number died in .\lsace, France, riie three who accompanied the i)arent- to .-\merica were as follows: Charlotte became the wife of Francis Buer, who, after her death, removed from Canton to California, accom- panied by his children: Kate died at the age of se\enteen years, unmarried: Mary married .Vnthony I'iero and she died in Canton. Of the five children Ihh'u after the emigration to Canton the following brief record is oft'ered : Flizabeth is the widow of the subject of this memoir: Lena went to I'itts- burg, I'enns\l\'ania. ;nid thence to Ken- tucky, where she married John Steere. and where she passed the remainder of her life: Joseph, who married Caroline Mver, died in Canton; John left his home and went to Cali- fornia in 1849, prospered, became sheriff (if a county, l)ut disappeared one day, and it is sup- posed he was murdered as all trace of him wa- lost. The fifth child was Caroline, who mar- ried .\nthony Conrad, ami the\' now reside in Chicago, Illinois. Mrs. Melchior is a devoted member of the Catholic church, and was actixe in the ])arish work of St. John's for many x'ears. until the infirmities of advanced age de- manded that she rest from her labors. In the golden evening of her life she is sustained and Comforted by an abiding faith in the divine Master and by the lo\-e of her children and her manv friends. BF.VJAJMIN 1'. SMITH w;is born on a farm in f^ake townshi]). .Stark county. Oliio, on the 3d of .\ugust. 1838. His parents were George E. and Sarah (Christ) Smith, the former of whom was born in Pennsyh'ania in 1799 and died in Canton township, this count}-, when eigiity years old, and the latter born in Columbiana county, Ohio, in 1809 and died in Canton townshi]) at the adx'anced age of eighty-eight years. Their union w.is blessed B. F. SMITH. MRS. B. F. SMITH. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 561 by the birth of eight children, briefly mentioned as follows: Sarah is the wife of Israel Bixler; Susan is the widow of the late Christian A\'ine- gard: Christian, Andrew, Benjamin F.. Joel. Alonzo and Philo. The subject was reared under the parental roof in Lake township, where he remained un- til he had attained his majority. He was early taught the lessons of industry and frugality and, under his father's wise instructions, ac- quired a giiud practical knowledge of the mysteries of successful agriculture. In 1859 he accompanied his parents upon their removal to Canton township, wdiere he resided about three years. Going the:n to Illinois, he reinained in that state about three years, but returned to Stark county, realizing that here lay just as good opportunities for a man of energy and ambition as anywhere else. He was here em- l)loyed at farm labor for other people until 1871, when he purchased ninety acres of land in I^lain tijwnship, being the place upon which he now resides. He has also bought sixteen acres of good farming land in Canton town- ship and has brought his property up to a high standard of excellence, erecting good Iniildings and otherwise impro\ing- the property. He is thoroughly practical and up- to-date in his methods and has made a notable success as an agriculturist. On the 14th of March, 1871, Mr. Smith was united in the holy bonds of wedlock with iMiss Harriet Smith, who was born in Canton township, this county, on the 28th of February. 1842. Fler parents, John J. and Nancy (Shriver) Smith, both died in Canton town- ship, the former when sixty years old and the latter at about the age of eighty-three. To the subject and his wife were born three children, as follows : George E. married Miss Eliza- beth Royer ; Jessie M. ; Cora E. is the wife of AViUiam C. Martin. In politics Mr. Smith is afliliated with the Republican party and takes a k-een intere.'-t in the trend of public events. 35 While active and influential in the interests of his party, he has no desire for the honors or emoluments of public office. Religiously he and his wife are identified with Trinity Re- formed church and are faithful and consistent in the performance of their religious duties, giving liberally of their time and material sub- stance in the support of the various interests of the church and lending their support to all movements having for their object the ad- vancement of the highest interests of the com- munity. Before closing this brief sketch, it will be of undoubted interest to refer to the mili- tary career of the subject. In August. 1862, when the nation was in the midst of that greatest of all civil conflicts, Mr. Smith, feel- ing that his country needed his services, offered himself upon the altar of his flag and enlisted in Company B, One Hundred and Fifteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He participated in all the marches, campaigns, battles and skirmishes in which his regiment participated, and bravely bore his part of the hardships and privations incidental to the life of a soldier. An- drew H. Smith, brother of the subject, was also a volunteer in the Si.xth Ohio Cavalrv, serxinsr nearly five years. He died on his farm in Perry township, this county, about 1885. JOHN W. STIMMEL was born on a farm near the village of Paris, Stark county, Ohio, on the ist of February, 1840, and his youthful days were passed in this county and the adjoining county of Carroll, where he at- tended the public schools until he had attained the age of fourteen years, having been up to that time reared in the home of his maternal grandfather. The Stimmel family is of Ger- man extraction, and the name has long been identified with the annals of the old Keystone state, where the original American ancestors 562 OLD LANDMARKS tdok up tliL'ir allude upnii L'lnigratino; irom llie (iennan fatheiiaiicl. In Westmorelaml county. Penns3'l\-ania, Jolin Siininiel. g-randfatlier of the subject, was horn anil reared, havinsj heen a stone-mason hv tnide and vocation, hi the same countv the hither nf the suhject was like- wise horn, his name heing" Christopher, and as the family were in moderate circumstances and he was early compelletl to depend upon his o\\n resources, his educational advantages were very Hunted. He learned the trade of lilack- sniith in his native state and when a young man emigrated thence to Ohio, and thereifter lived in Carroll and Stark counties. In the former county was solemnized his marriage to Miss Rebecca Shults. daughter of Henry and Esther ( Eachman ) Shults, the former of whom was born ni Pennsylvania, whither his parents emi- grated from Ciermany. He died in Brown township. Carroll county, Ohio, in 1854, having teen a prominent and influential farmer of th?it locality, and there also occurred the death of his de\oted wife, whose parents were likewise pioneers of Carroll county, whither they came from Pennsylvania. After his marriage Christopher Stimmel located in Paris township, Carroll county, where he was for a short period engaged in farming, also continuing the work of his trade. From that locality lie removed to Pekin village, where he engaged in the manufacture of axes by hand, '["hereafter he was located for an interval near Mahern. in the same county, and also con- ducted a blacksmith shop at Middle Run for a lime, lie then located on the farm of his father-in-law and there engaged in farming, also having a shop on the place and finding a ready demand for his ser\ices as a blacksmith. After several years had elapsed he came to Stark county, and located in Mapleton, where he was successfully engaged in the work of his trade until his death, in the summer of i860, at the age of forty-eight years. In politics he was a stanch Democr;it and his religions faith was that of the Disciples church. He was an honest, industrious and unassuming man, a good citizen and one whose life was such as to gain him unqualified confidence and re- s]iect wherever he was known. His wife sur- vi\ed him many years, her death occurring in Mapleton, about 1882, at die age of sixty-h\e years, she likewise having been a devoted mem- l>er of the Disciples church. Of their children brief record is entered at this juncture: Ji>hn W. is the immediate subject of this sketch ;' Esther is the widow of (jeorge Penrose and resides in East Liverpool, Ohio; Afartin re- ! moved to Kansas about 1870, locating on a [ farm and later removing to the town of New- | ton. where he successfully engaged in the black- , smith business, continuing operations for a ; number of years, while later he liecame under- , sheriff of the county and was incumbent of , this office for eighteen years ; he served with distinction durmg the war of the Rebellion, ha\irig been hrst a member of the Eighty-sixth Ohio \'olunteer Infantry and later of the One • Hundred and Fifteenth Regiment, while it was , his misfortune to have been taken prisoner ; on the 31st of August, 1864, during Wheeler's ) raid, Init he was soon afterward paroled; he • married Miss Linnie Ridinger and they are the , parents of numerous children; Mary is the, wife of John Stininicl, of Paris township, Car- roll county ; and Reuben is a successful clay miner near Malvern, that county. John W. Stnnniel, to whom this review is dedicated, remained in the home of his ma- ternal grandparents until he had att.'iincd the age of fourteen years, as has already been noted, and he then joined his p.nrcnts in Maple- ton. In the spring of 1853 he hired out as a farm hand, entering ihe eni])loy of John Shearer and receiving five dollars a month and board in reci^mpense for his .services, while while during the winter months he was enabled to continue his studies in the district schools. He remained in the emjiloy of Mr. Shearer for CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 563 a period of three years, and in the spring of 1859 lie entered the employ of Zedakiah Ake, of Osnaburg- township. The following spring Mr. Ake renio\-ed to Allen county, Indiana, and the subject drove his employer's team through to the new homfe, intending to remain, but he was not pleased with the outlook and consequently returned to Ohio. During a portion of the summer of i860 he was em- ployed in the McGregor brick yard, in the city of Canton, and in the autumn of the same year he here engaged in the blacksmith business, in which he was associated with Henry Stimmel. He was thus placed at the time when the great Civil war was precipitated upon a divided nation, and he showed his intrinsic loyalty and patriotism by tendering his services in de- fense of the Cnion upon the President's first call for \-olunteers. In the month of April, 1861, he enlisted as a private in Company A, Nineteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, under Captain ?\Ianderson and Colonel Beaty, and was e\entually promoted to the position of color bearer. He enlisted for a term of ninety days and remainetl in service for four months, taking ])art in the liattle of Rich Motmtain, and after the close of his service he returned to his home, but he was not content to thus hold him- self aloof when his country's integrity still bung in the lialance, and he re-enlisted on the 20th of August, 1862, becoming a member of Company B, One Hundred and Fifteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, under Colonel Lucy and Captain L. F. Hake. The regiment was assigned to the Army of the Cumberland, becoming a part of the Twentieth Army Corps, under General Thomas, and Mr. Stimmel continued in active serxicc until victory crowned the Union arms and peace was declared. He participated in many of the memorable conflicts of the war and was e\er found faithful to duty, iieing a loyal and zealous son of the Republic and one who honored himself and his native state by hi> efficient services. He received his honor- able discharge, in the city of Cleveland, on the 5th of July, 1865, and then returned to the work of his trade, being located in North Industry until September i6th of the follow- ing year, when he came to Canton and entered the employ of the Aultman Company, being thereafter employed in the blacksmith depart- ment of the works of this concern for twenty years, within which time he was advanced to a position of trust and responsibility. His health finally became so seriously impaired that he was compelled to seek a change of occupation, and he left the employ of the Aultman concern on the 25th of September. 1886. He passed the winter in Kansas, as the guest of bis brother, and then engaged in the selling of nurser}' stock, to which he devoted his attention for one year, after which he was for a time associated witli Charles Ite in the putting in of door and window screens on contract. Dur- ing the following years Mr. Stimmel traveled through the south in the interest of the Sun \^apor Company, manufacturers of vapor lamps, and on Christmas day of the year 1894 be established himself in the grocery business in Canton, his original c|uarters being nearly opposite his present equipped establishment, which is located on South Market street. By bis prc3gressi\'e methods, scrupulous care in catering to the demands of a discriminating patronage, and his thorough reliability, ]\lr. Stunmel has built up a very gratifying business and IS numbered among the prosperous and honored merchants of the city, enjoying un- equivocal "confidence and esteem in the com- munity. He has a commodious and attractive residence on Market street, the same having been erected by him in 1872. In politics he gi\-es a stanch allegiance to the Republican partv and his religious faith is indicated in his membership in the .South Market Street Reformed church, in which his wife likewise is a zealous worker. Fraternally ]Mr. Stimmel is an honored and valued member of IMcKinley 564 OLD LANDMARKS Post No. 25, Grand Army of the Republic, of Canton ; while in Freemasonry he has ad- vanced through the degree of the ancient-craft body, and he is also identified with the Pro- tective Home Circle, the Royal Arcanum, and U. S. Grant Council of the Senior Order of United American Mechanics. At North Industry, Stark county, on the 7th of March, 1869, Mr. Stimmel was united in marriage to Miss Elizal^eth Friend, who was born in this county, being a daughter of Leon- ard and Margaret Friend, the latter of whom died three weeks after the birth of her daugh- ter, Mrs. Stimmel. Three other children were born oi the union, namely: John, who is a resident of Williams county, Ohio; Henry, who is likewise a resident of that county; and Margaret, who became the wife of Abraham Haines, and who died in Montpelier, Williams county, in 1899. Mr. and Mrs. Stimmel have one child, Ethel M., who remains at the parental home and who is one of the popular young ladies of Canton, where she received her education in the public schools. She is a graduate of Canton high school in the class of 1899. CHARLES ITE.— The subject of this re- view is known and honored as one of the rep- resentative and public-spirited citizens of Can- ton, has the distinction of being a veteran of the war of the Rebellion, and his life record is one that can not fail of lesson and incentive. He comes of stanch German stock and may well take uride in this fact, and he is himself a native of ihe great German empire, though he was an infant at the time when the family severed the ties which bound them to home and fatherland and set forth to establish a new home as strangers in a strange land. The sttb- ject early assumed the practical responsibilities of life and has attained a worthy success dur- ing the years which have developed his powers and made him a valuable factor in the com- munity, [n tracing the genealogy of Mr. Ite we must turn to the old city of Wittenberg, in the kingdom of Bavaria, Germany, in which section of the empire the family name was one of honor during all the long years as one generation followed another onto the stage of life's activities. Mrs. Ite's grandfather was a small farmer and huckster in Bavaria, where he passed his entire life an industrious man and one whose integrity and honor were be- yond question. He lived to attain the age of eighty-four years, his death being the result of an accident. Moses Ite, father of the subject, was born in Wittenberg, in the year 1813, and was there reared and educated, having served six years as a soldier in the German army, while as a youth he learned the trade of carpenter, becoming a skilled workman. In his native province he was united in marriage to Miss Emerence Naval, and there they main- tained their home until 1846, in which year the father of the subject came to America for the purpose of securing a location before bringing his family to the new home. He finally de- cided to establish himself near Waynesburg, Stark county. Ohio, and in the summer of the following year (1847) 'i'^ wife, in company with her infant son, the subject of this sketch, who was but two and one-half years of age, set sail from the city of London and after a tempestuous and hazardous voyag'e of ninety days, finally dropped anchor in the port of New- York. A terrific storm overtook the vessel, which was driven far out of its course and de- layed for three weeks, and before it reached its destination the supply of food had become very low, so that the hardships of the voyage were further increased, the boat being badly crippled and luaking very slow progress. After the family was united the father located on the Whitney farm, in Sandy township, this county, where he remained two vears, after which he CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 565 rented other farms in the county for varying intervals up to the year 1858, when he located on the Reynolds farm, in Canton township, where lie remained for the long period of thir- teen years, working industriously and doing all in his power to provide a good home for his family. At the expiration of the period mentioned the family, with the exception of the subject, remoA'ed to Clark county, Illinois, where Moses Ite purchased a farm, near the town of Marshall, and there continued in agri- cultural pursuits until 1896, when he disposed of his farm, which had greatly appreciated in value and through whose improvement and cultivation he had been deservedly successful. He died there February i, 1903, having at- tained the venerable age of eighty-five years. His devoted and cherished wife, who has been a true helpmeet to him during all the "changes and chances of this mortal life," died on the 5th of May, 1898, at the age of eighty-three years, having been a sincere and consistent member of the C'atholic church, of which her husliand also was a communicant. They be- came the parents of eight children, namely : John, who (lied in Germany, in infancy : Har- riet died in Germany when young; Charles, the immediate subject of this sketch; Lucas, who died in Stark county, in infancy; Mary, who is the wife of Joseph Forbeck, of Mar- shall, Clark county, Illinois; Wiilliam, who also is a resident of that place; Louisa, who died at the age of seven years, in Stark county ; Sophia, who is the wife of Henry Bennett, of Terre Haute, Indiana ; and Adeline, who is the wife of Lyman Davidson, of that city. Charles Ite, to whom this sketch is dedi- cated, was born in Wentzland, Wittenberg, Germany, on the 3d of January, 1845, ^""^ of his having been brought in infancy to America mention has alread}- been made. He has passed practically his entire life in Stark county, excepting two and one-half years when he lived in Noble countv, Indiana, where he was married. He grew up under the sturdy discipline of the farm, while his early edu- cational advantages w^re such as were afforded by the district schools, which he attended in an irregular and intermittent way, as his home was at times far removed from any school. When seventeen years of age he came to Can- ton and entered uix)ii an apprenticeship to learn the trade of wood turning, under the direction of Samuel Cavanagh. He was thus engaged at the time when the dark cloud of civil war cast its gruesome pall o\'er the national horizon, and his patriotism was quickened to decisive action when, in the winter of 1864, at the age of nine- teen years, he enlisted as a private in Company I, Sixty-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and soon afterward they wanted to choose him lieutenant marshal of his company, but he would not accept. The regiment proceeded to the front, being assigned to Sherman's army, and the subject was an active participant in many important engagements, being constantly at the post of duty until the clo.se of the war and making a valiant record as a faithful and loj-al soldier of the Republic. In the battle of Rocky Face Ridge he was struck in the right thigh by a bullet, but a serious \\-ound was averted through the ball ha\'ing been diverted from its course by a knife in his pocket. He thereafter took part in the battles of Resaca, Kenesaw Mountain. Peach Tree creek. Spring Hill, Franklin and Nashville, besides numerous other engagements of minor importance. A number of the members of his regiment were captured at the battle of Franklin, but he suc- ceeded in escaping this fate. In the summer of 1865, his regiment was sent to Texas, being attached to General Thomas" army, and there he continued on duty until January, 1866, when he was mustered out, at Victoria, Texas. He returned with his command to Ohio, and re- ceived his honorable discharge, at Columbus, on the 2d of January, 1866. After thus having rendered yeoman service 566 OLD LANDMARKS in behalf of tlie Union, Mr. Ite returned to Canton, where lie resumed the work of his trade, hut shdrtl}- afterward, in September, 18OO, he went to Noble county, Indiana, and there, on the 14th of the following February, he honored good Saint Valentine by taking unto himself a wife, being united in marriage to Miss Carrie E. Nave, who was born on a farm, four miles south of Crestline, Crawford county, Ohio, where she was reared to ma- turity. Her parents were Solomon and Susan- na Na\e, the latter of whom died when Mrs. Ite was but five years of age, and she was reared b\- her maternal grandparents. Mrs. Ite met with a tragic death, having been killed by a train on the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad cross- ing at Market and Nevar streets, in the city of Canton, on the i [th of August, 1900. After his marriage Air. Ite returned to Canton and secured work at his trade in what was known as the Willis Benson & Comi)any shop, and aliuut eighteen months later he entered the em- ploy of the C. Russell Company. He was in- dustrious and frugal and with his savings he established a lathe in a small stable at the rear of his dwelling and there he engaged in wikkI turning at night, utilizing foot ]X)wer. while during this time he also continued his regidar work in the Aultman shops, h'roni this modest inception, however, he has built up a profitable and important business enterprise. His skill as a workman brought to him a good patronage in his little shop and eventually he resigned his position to devote his entire time to his own business. In 1887 he established a planing mill, which he equipped with steam power in 1888, and here he continueil in business until the i)lant was destroyed by fire, on the i8th of March. 1902, the enterprise having grown to be one of wide scope and importance, while from his discriminating and well directed ef- forts he has attained marked success. Upon the site of his fonner mill he has erected a fine new i)lant, with the most modern mechanical e([uipment, and the establishment is now one of the best in its line in this section of the state, havmg facilities for turning out the best class of work with expedition, all kinds of builder's supi)lies in the way of wood finishings and dressed lumber being manufactured. This is one of the important industrial enterprises of the city and stands to the credit of the sub- ject, whose success has been won by earnest and consecutive application and liDnorable methods. He is known as a progressive and cai)able busi- ness man and is held in the highest confidence and esteem in the community where he has so long lived and labored. In politics Mr. Ite was formerly identified with the Democracy, but he now maintains an independent attitude, exercising his franchise in supi^rt of those men and measures which meet the approval of his judgment, without regard to strict partisan lines. Fraternally he is a valued member of AIcKinley Post No. 25, Grand Army of the Republic, and is also identified with both lodge and encampment of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and the Canton Chapter No. 80, having passed the official chairs in both bodies of this fraternity, and his name is also entered on the membership roll of the Protective Home Circle. Of the five children of Mr. Ite we enter the following brief recortl : Alary E. (Mrs. A. I. Henry), died in 1888: Allierta is the wife of Lewis C. Rnl)in, of Canton; Charles O., who is engaged in bricklaying in Canton, mar- ried Miss Mary Stinsacomb; Charity .Ann is the wife of .'Adolph Pohl, of Cleveland: and Hattie Af. rem;iins with her father in the at- tractive home, which is located at 1819 South Alarket street. She married Christian U. Sommer. Air. Ite many years ago became a member of the volunteer fire department of Canton, and was identified in this ca])acity for thirteen years, being eventually chosen captain. m ■ '^^^HHMkk m ^' Ml mm ^.A\mmm .- ^^ MR. AND MRS. JOEL TREESH. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 567 JOEL TRllESH.— The name Treesh is of ( lernian origin. Christian Treesh, the subject's grantlfatiier, was torn in the old country, but some tune in the eighteeiitli century came to America, and settled in Pennsylvania, where his death occurred many years ag^o. Among his immediate descendants was a son b)' the name of William, who was bom in Pennsyl- A'ania, and he grew to maturity on a farm, marrying when a young man to Miss Catherine Berlin, whose parents were also early settlers of the Keystone state, .\bout the year 181 8 William Treesh and family moved to Stark connty, Ohio, and located in what is now Jack- son township, where he purchased and de- \e)oped a farm and became a prosperous man. He accumulated quite a large estate, mostly in land, which subsequently increased greatly in value, and at the time of his death, in 1861, he w as considered one of the most enterprising farmers and ^vel]-to-do men in the township of Jackson. In pnhtics he was a Democrat, and for a number (it }-ears he held the office of justice of the peace, Ijesids tilling various minor public positions. The life of William Treesh is very closely identified with the pioneer his- tory and material de\elopment of the township' in which he settled, and he was also largely instrumental in introducing religion into this part of the ci mnty, having been a zealous mem- ber of the Lutheran church. ]\Irs. Treesh was also connected with that' religious Ijody, and, like her husjjand, was noted for piety and zeal. She was a woman of sterling Christian charac- ter and to the liest of her ability brought up her children in the nurture and admonition of the Lord, living long enough to see them profit by her instruction and faithful counsel. She ])receded her husband to the other world, dying about the year 1833. Of the eleven chil- dren constituting the family of William and Christiana Treesh, but two are li\-ing at the present time, the subject of the review and William, who resides in Indiana. Joel Treesh ^vas born on the iit-h of February, 1823, in Jackson township, Stark county, Ohio, and grew to the full stature of well developed man- hood in the parental homestead, \^dlen old enough, he bore his full share in clearing the farm and cultivating the same, and, as oppor- tunities afforded, attended such schools as were common in this part of the state sixty and se\-enty years ago. While a youth he decided to become a farmer, and. after assisting his father a number of years, he l)egan cultivating the soil upon his own responsibility, continuing the same until retiri\ig from acti\e life at a comparatively recent date. Many years ago Mr. Treesh won distincti\e precedence as a successful farmer, and in due time became the possessor of several tracts of valuable real estate, the greater i)art of which was cleared and otherwise improved l)y the labor of his o\\ n hands. At one time he owned land to the amount of one hundred" and ninety-five acres, but some years ago gaxe eighty-two acres to his daughter and eighty-one and one-half acres to his grandson, retaining for his own use the home place, which now includes an area of eighty-one and one-half acres. The maiden name of Mrs. Treesh was Eliza Strohl. She was born in Pennsylvania, and her marriage with the subject, which was solem- nized in the vear 1845, residted in the birth <>f four children, but one of whom, Mrs. Cather- in.e Whitm.ever, is now living. For many years Mr. Treesh was a Democrat in politics, but of late years has gi\en his support to the Prohi- bition party, having always been decided in his opposition to the liquor traffic. He has served his township and for many years was a member of the school board, in which capacity he did much to arouse an interest in the cause of education in this part of Stark county. ]Mr. Tree.sh is one of Stark county's oldest and most \alued citizens, and he lias always stood four square to ever_\- wind that blew — a man in all the term implies. Trie has worked hard and 568 OLD LANDMARKS reaped abundantly from- his labors, both in material wealth and in the consciousness of duty bravely and uncomplainingly done. His life has been an open book, known and read by his fellow men, and throughout a long, active and successful career his integrity has never been questioned, nor has any suspicion of wrong doing ever been urged against his character or good name. He and his faithful companion have traveled life's pathway hand in hand for over fifty-six years, and now, as the days wane and the shadows deepen, they proceed gently towards the journey's end with the love and veneration of a host of friends whose prayers are that the dear old couple may be spared many years in which to bless their kind. WIJ.LIAM n. MARTIN,— An enumer- ation of those men of the present generation who have won honor and public recognition for themselves, and at the same time have honored the locality to which they belong, w<:iuld Ije incomplete were there failure to make mention of the one whose name forms the caption to this review. Williain H. Mar- tin is a native son of the old Buckeye state, ha\ing I)een Ijorn in Canton township. Stark connty, on the 2ist of January, 1855. His father was the late Charles Martin, whose sketch appears elsewhere in this volume, and the subject is one of four children, the others being George R.. who died in Canton town- ship; Edward, who died in Plain township; and Mary C. William H. Martin was reared in Canton townshp, remaining with his par- ents until seventeen years old, at which time he accompanied them to Plain township, remain- ing with them until his marriage. Tn his youth Mr. Martin acc|uired a knowledge of the science of surveying and has pursued that call- ing during most of his life. He soon won a reputation for accuracy, care and painstaking effort and was honored by the electors of the county with the office of county surveyor, the duties of which he faithfully performed for three years, further demonstrating his ability and strengthening the confidence of the peo- ple in him. By request of the school board of Plain township, he drew up a map of that town- ship, the work l)eing accepted and a copy placed at the meeting place of the board in the Center school house. So accurate was this map con- sidered that it was used by the publishers of the Stark County Atlas, published about i8()5. He also gives a part of his attention to farming, being the possessor of sixty-four acres of splendid land, which he has improved in many ways and brought up to a high state of excel- lence. He is painstaking and methodical in his operations and makes a point of adopting the latest agricultural methods, having been the owner of the first grain reaper and binder used in the t(.)\vn^hip. thus assuring himself of a reasonable profit in his transactions. He has surrounded himself with many of the comforts and conveniencies of life and is prepared to enjoy it to the fullest extent possible. He takes a deep interest in the welfare of those about him and lends -his support to all move- ments tooking to the upbuilding of his com- munity. Mr. Alartih has been twice married. On the roth of October, 1878, he married Miss Mary E. Pontius, who was born in Plain township, Stark county, on the loth of Novem- ' her, 1858, a daughter of the late John Pontius. To this union were born six cliildren, namely: William J. C, Edith B. (deceased), George E. J.. Mary B.. Thoburn T. and Thomas T.', the two last named being twins. Mrs. Mary Martin died in Plain township on the 17th of September, 1893, and Mr. Martin was again married. March 7. 1895. the lady of his choice being Mrs. Almina Pontius, the widow of Thomas J. Pontius and a daughter of the late CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 569 Michael J. Holtz. She was born in Plain town- ship, this county. May 17, 1866, and received her education ni the common schools of the county. This marriage has been blessed with two children. James H,. deceased, and Charles C. In politics Mr. Martin has always been a Democrat and has taken an active part in the campaign work of his party. For twelve con- secutive years he served as school dii^ector in Plain township and has done much effective service in ad\ancing the cause of education. Religiously he is identified with the Trinity Lutheran church, and contributes liberally of his means to all movements looking to the ad- \ancement of the higher interests of the com- munity. B}- his courteous manners, genial dis- position and genuine worth he has won for himself a host of warm and loval friends. GEORGE HOLM.— The Holm family is of stanch German lineage, and the name has been identified with American history from the pre-Revolutionary epoch. ^lichael Holm, grandfather of the subject, was born in Hagerstown. Maryland, and was a successful farmer in that locality for a number of years. There he married Martha Hollinger. who was born in Washington county, that state, and there several of their children were born prior to the year 1812, when they emigrated thence to Ohio, and took up their abode in the sylvan wilds of Pike township. Stark county, this section of the country being at that time practi- cally an unreclaimed wilderness. The trip was made from Maryland in one of the old-time wagons commonly employed for such purposes, and the journey was a long and weary one, many miles being traversed, as a matter of course, while the mere fact of distance was the most insignificant part of the labor involved. In crossing the mountains it was frequently necessary to attach logs at tire back of the wagon, that in dragging they might prevent a too precipitous pace on the part of the primi- tive conveyence, while through the unbroken forests the way was made with great difficulty and with exasperating delay. At the time of the family's arrival in Pike township settlers were few and widely separated, and the little clearing about the primitive cabins represented tlie maximum impro\'ement, though an oc- casional field was found under cultivation, with manifold stumps yet marking the original lo- cation of the forest monarchs. The grand- father of the subject entered a quarter section of government land, upon which not a single tree had l)€en felled, the whole tract being a tangled forest wild. He made a little clearing and upon the same erected a log cabin, twenty by twenty-four feet in dimensions, and having but one room. In one end of the rude dwelling was the hugh fireplace, which was likewise con- structed of logs and rudely plastered over so as to avoid destruction by the Hames. In this the great sections of trees were burned, and the sight was more picturesque than was the comfort evident. The floor was of puncheon, light was supplied by two small windows, which were fitted with oiled paper in lieu of g'lass, while the doors swung on heavy hinges of leather. The grandfather of the subject had a large family, and he found it no easy task to supply the common necessities of life, but he held the faith that makes faithful, and ways were provided for the safeguarding and care of those near and dear to him. He succeeded in reclaiming his farm and placing the same under effective cultivation, and there he and his good wife continued to reside until the shadows of their lives began to lengthen in the glow of the golden evening and their steps grew feeble through the infirmities of age. Their reward for self-abnegation in the past v.-as not denied them, however, for in the filial solicitude of their children was it granted, and they were tenderly cared for in their declining y/c OLD LANDMARKS days 1)y tlic father of the subject, in whose home they remained until the "everlasting doors" were opened wide to reveal to them the glories of the life eternal. He died in 1837, at the age of seventy-seven years, and his noble wife survived him by several years, passing awaj- at a venerable age. They were consistent meml)ers of the Dunkard church, and in the early days signified their devotion by driving a distance of twentv miles, into Tuscarawas Cdunty, to attend the services of their church when iherc held. In politics he was an old- time Whig, giving a loyal support to the party cause. Of the children of this sterling pioneer couple the following is a brief record, all hav- ing been born in Stark county, and all beuig the offs])ring of the second marriage of the grandfather of the stibject : Michael remo\'ed tn W'hitlev county, Indi- ana, where he passed the remainder of his life; Hannah, who became the wife of Michael AV'or- ley, died in Pike township, where she was burn : Catherine, who became the wife of Will- iam Humbert, and she died in the state of Indi- ana : .Sarah, the wife of John Stands, died in Canton; Lydia, wife of Henry Stands, died in I'ike towMiship, this county; Samuel, a black- smith by trade, ilied in Canton, at the age of twenty-five years ; Martha, the wife of Leonard Schroyer, ilicd in I'ike township. John Holm, father of the subject, was born in Maryland, and was a child of his father's second marriage. John Holm, father of the subject, was born in Washington county, Maryland, in the year 1792. He was about twenty years of age when his father set forth for Ohio, and he was reared to matuvitv on the old homestead farm, his edu- cational training having been only such as he had gained before coming to the wilds of the Buckeye slate. He was a youth of twenty when the family located m ( )hio, and here he .soon tcxjk \\\) a claim of a <|uarter section of heavdy timljered land not far distant from that of his father, in Pike townshin. Stark countv. He was too poor to employ aid. and nearly his entire lifetime was devoted to reclaiming his farm, as he was able to make progi-ess only by slow degrees. in this county was solemnized his marriage to Miss Elizabeth Shutt, who was likewise l)orn in Washington county. Maryland, in the year 1796, and who was about sixteen \cars of age at the time when she accompanied her father to Ohio, her mother ha\ing died in Maryland. Pier father. John Shutt. was likewise born in the same count_\' of Mnryland. wdiere as a bov it ^was his privilege to ha\e heard Otterbein, the founder of the United Brethren church, preach on several oc- casions. He entered a tract of wild land in Pike township, and there passed the residue of his life, his death occurring in 1862, in his ninety-seventh year. Elizalieth (Shutt) Holm died in 1825. and her husband subsequently married Miss Mary Coutts, who came to Stark comity from Shippen.sburg, Pennsylvania, and she died on the old homestead, in Pike town- ship, in 1865, having teen a devoted memljer of the German Reformed church. The chil- dren of the first marriage were as follows : Susan, who l^ecame the wife of Simon Sotiday, died in Pike township in 1868; George, the immediate subject of this sketch, was the next in order of birth ; and Jacob, a resident of Can- ton townshij). married Miss Morley. who is now* deceased. C^f the second marriage one son was born. Jeremiah, who enlisted in the One Himdred and First Ohio Volunteer Infantry, under Colonel Myer. was wounded in the first day's battle at Gettysburg and died in the hos- ])ital there, his remains being brought home by the subject, and being laid to rest in the cemetery in Pike township. (ieorge Holm, to w hom this sketch is dedi- cated, was ]yom on the old homestead farm, in Pike township, on the iCtih of October, 1820, and his earlv years were filled with earnest toil in connecti(~in of reclaiming the farm froui the wilderness. He desired to learn a trade, but CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 57' his father could not spare him from the farm. His first schoohng was received in the home of Ahsaloni Hines, on a neighljoring farm, this instructor being a bachelor and a man of no httle abihty, though it was his misfortune to ht curserl with an inordinate appetite for intoxi- cants, and his pay for his pedagogic efforts was no sooner received than he put it to immediate use, (^losing his school and indulging his con- ■vi\'ial propensities until his cash was exhausted, when he \\nuld, ]ierforce. go to work again. .\iter the organization of the public schools the subject continued his studies under some- what more favorable auspices, being diligent and appreciati\e and making the best possible use of such advantages as came to him. During the winter of 1842-3 he attended the academy in Canton, the institution having laeen con- ducteil by I'rofessor Cowles. an able educator. After school hours and during vacations Mr. Holm de\'oted his attention to tiie work of the farm, having plowed among the stumps and roots of the newlv cleared fields at an age when he was barelv able to steady the plow. At the age of twentv-three vears he began teaching, his certificate having been signed by Messrs. E. P. Grant and A. McGregor, who constituted the board of examiners. He proved successful in his work as a teacher in' the dis- trict schools of his native countv. and con- tinued to remain at the parental home the greater portion of his time until his marriage, in 18.4.5. His father then removed to the farm wliicli had Ijeen secured b\- the grandfather of the subject, and after the death of the former the subject inherited the old homestead, upon which he made excellent improvements, erect- ing new buildings and doing much to augment the value of the place. In 1866 he removed to his farm in Canton township and eventually disposed of the land which had lieen entered by his grandfather so many years previously. ]\Ir. Holm remained but a short time on his farm, for within the same year. 1866, he took up his residence in the city of Canton and here ac- cepted a position as traveling salesman for the great agricultural implement concern of C. .\ultman .iv: Company, of this place, and that his services did not fall short of the maximum results possible and did not lack for definite appreciation is evident from the fact that he continued in the employ of the concern for the long period of thirty years. His first home here was in South Canton, but in 1875 Mr. Holm effected an exchange of properties and became the owner of his present attractive home, at 840 North Market street. He has been known as a most progressive and public-spirited citizen, e\"er taking a liveh' in- terest in all that touches the welfare of his iiome city and county. In politics he was originally arrayed with the Whig party, but upon the organization of the Republican party he transferred his allegiance to the same and has ever since been an advocate of its principles an.cl policies. In 1850 he' became a member of the INIethodist Episcopal church, of which his wife likewise became a member, having origin- ally been identified uith the German Reformed church, ot which she l)ecame a member when but fourteen years of age. About 1861 IMr. Holm was elected to the oflice of township trus- tee of Pike township, and of this office he con- tinued incumbent for twelve years. In 1855 the Republicans of this district nominated the late Judge Underbill for the legislature, this being the first convention of the party in the district, and the subject was a delegate to the same. On the 30th of March, 1845. ^'i'- Holm was miited in marriage, in Bethlehem town- ship, this ci unity, to Miss Catherine Buchtel, the (ifficiating clerg\inan lieing Rev. R. R. Salters, of the German Reformed church. Mrs. Holm was born in the same township, on the 1 8th of Augtist, 1822, and here her education was received in the district schools of the pioneer epoch. Iler father. John Buchtel, was 57^ OLD LANDMARKS born in Center county, Pennsylvania, where he was reared to manhood, and in 1811 he ac- companied his parents on their removal to Stark county, Ohio, the family being numbered among the first settlers of Bethlehem township. Mr. Buchtel married Martha Sherman, who was a native of Franklin county, Pennsylvania. He entered a quarter section of wild land in the township mentioned and forthwith insti- tuted the work of reclamation and improve- ment, and there he continued to make his home until his death, in 1S68, at the age of seventy- four }ears, his wife surviving until 1877, when she passed away at the age of seventy- seven. Of ihe children of John and Martha Buchtel ihe following is a brief record : Catherine, wife of the subject: Reuben, a resi- dent of this county; Joseph, who died in May, 1902. was a representative farmer of this county ; 'Sarah is the widow of David Krieg- baum, and resides in Canton, where her son Charles is a leading attorne\' : Elizabeth is the wife of John Kriegbaum, of this county, where also resides Samuel, the youngest of the chil- dren. Tile great-grandfather of Mrs. Holm was John Buchtel, who \\'as bom in Wurtem- burg, Germany, whence he emigrated to America and took up his residence in Franklin county, Penrtsylvania. where he passed the residue of his life. His son Jolm. grandfather of Mrs. Holm, was born in Franklin county, and one of his Itrothers was a soldier in the war of 181 2. in wliich he undoditedly sacrificed his life, all trace of him being lost from the early- period of his service. He was the father of John Buchtel, who was the father of John R., the founder of Buchtel College, in Akron. Ohio. John Buchtel. grandfather of Mrs. Holm, was married, in his native country, to Miss Catherine Snyder, who was likewise born in Franklin county. Pennsylvania, whither her parents emigrated from Holland. Upon coming to Stark county. John Buchtel (grand- father) entered claim to a half section of land in Bethlehem township, and there he died prior to the year 1822. To Mr. and Mrs. lioim have been born six children, concerning whom the following is a brief record : Almira is tlie wife of William K. Gallagher, of Cleveland. Ohio; Elizabeth is the wife of William W. Pumphrey, of Can- ton; Sarah is the wife of Robert \\'. Mc- Gaughey, of Massillon, this county; Elmer re- mains at the parental home; Olive, who became the wife of Isaac \^^ Stauffer, of Canton, died in 1896, and Edith is the wife of Valentine L. Xye, of Canton. The family have a large circle of devoted friend? in the city and county, where they are well known, and l)Oth Mr. and Mrs. Holm are honored representatives of sterling pioneer families, prominently identified with the founding and building of one of the most prosperous and attractive cc)uiities of the old Buckeve state. GEORGE W. BUTLER is a native of the state of W^est Virginia, having been born in the town of Cameron, ^Marshall county, on the 22d of February, 1858. His father, Joseph R. Butler, was born and reared in Pennsylvania, and was a carpenter by trade and vocation. In the old Keystone state he was united in mar- riage to Miss Elizabeth Shultz, a daughter of John Shultz, a representative farmer of Fayette county, that state. After his marriage Joseph R. Butler removed to Cameron, West Virginia, where he remained about two years, at the ex- piration of which he returned with his family to Pennsylvania, locating in Greene county, where he continued to follow his trade until 1873, in which year his cherished and devoted wife was summoned to the "land of the leal." Within the same year Mr. Butler removed with his ciiildren to Fayette county. Pennsylvania, wliei'e he passed the remainder of his life, his death occurring in 1899. at which time he was sixty-nine years of age. He was a son of An- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 573 drew Butler, who was born in Ireland, whence he emigrated to .\merica when a young man, locaiing in Pennsylvania, where he married, and there he died when his son Joseph was eleven years of age, having been in the prime of life at the time of his demise. His children were five in number, namely : Andrew, Martin, Mary, Margaret and Joseph R. George W. Butler, 'the immediate subject of this sketch, was two years of age at the time when his parents removed from West Vir- ginia to Greene county, Pennsylvania, and there he received his early educational disci- phne in the public schools, his advantages in the line being somewhat limited. When but thirteen years o^f age he assumed the practical responsibilities of life, securing employment by the month on a farm and receiving" in compen- sation for his services six dollars and thirty- three cents a month, while he contributed his wages to assisting in the support of his parents and the other members of the family. He con- tinued to be identified with farm work until he had attained the age of eighteen years, and for two years thereafter he was employed as a weigher and tippler of coal at Bridgeport, Pennsylvania. In 1878 Mr. Butler came to Stark county, and for three years was employed at farm work in the vicinity of the city of Massillon. The associations in- to which he had Iieen thrown in con- nection with the coal business had proved very repugnant to him. and he finally decided to seek another field of endeavor, with which end in view he came to Stark county, as noted. In the spring of 1881 Mr. Butler came to Can- ton and thereafter he was employed in the works of the Canton Bridge Company until 1892, when he established himself in the real estate business in which he has ever since con- tinued, while by discrimination and well-di- rected energ}' he has succeeded in building up a gratifying business, his success being well merited, since it has been attained entirely through his own efforts, while he has so ordered his course as to gain and retain the high regard of those with whom he has come in contact. In politics Mr. Butler accords a stanch allegiance to the Democratic party, and fraternally he is identified with the Knights of the Maccabees, the Protective Home Circle and the American Insurance Union. On the 26th of December, 1880, at Mas- sillon, this county, Mr. Butler was united in marriage to Miss Clara E. Richards, who was bom in Stark county, being a daughter of Samuel and Sarah (Swalley) Richards, the former of whom was born in Maryland, whence he came with his parents to Stark county when a lad of six years; he died in Canton at the age of seventy-nine years. His wife was summoned into eternal rest in 189 1, at the age of sixty-four years. Mr. and Mrs. Butler have one daughter, Anna, who was born on the ^th of October, 1882. MELVILLE B. COX was a native of the old Keystone state, having been born in Union- town, Fayette county, Pennsylvania, on the 25th of October, 1845, and being the second in order of birth of the five children of Rev. William and Mary Ann (McNeeley) Cox. the former being of English and the latter of Scotch ancestry. Rev. William Cox was a clergyman of the Methodist Episcopal church and was prominent in its work for many years, having held important charges in both Pennsyl- vania and Ohio and having been for a number of years presiding elder of the Canton circuit, retaining his residence in the city of Canton for the greater portion of this time. He died at Beaver, Pennsylvania, in 1899, at the venerable age of eighty-two years, while his wife passed away at the age of seventy-two years. During his early youth the subject of this memoir lived in and about the city of Pittsburg, Penn- sylvania, where his father was at the time 574 OLD LANDMARKS engaged in pastoral work, and tliere he re- ceix'ed tiie advantages ol" the i)nbHc scliools and in Pitts1)in"g he learned the drug business, to whicli he CDUtinueil to devule liis attention. until about 18O8, when he caine to Canton. Here he l:)ecanie secretary and treasurer of tlie E. Ball Company, manufacturers of agricultural ma- chinery, being one of the stockliolders of the concern until it sus])endeil business, when he assumed the position of bookkeeper with the C. .-Vultnian Cumpany, later Ijecoming treasurer of the same, while upon the reorganization of the company he became its secretary, retaining this incumbency until his death, whicli occtirred on the 22i\ of January. looi. In the building up of the munificent industry with which he was thus jirominently identified, ]\Ir. Cox played an important part, the jiositions which he held calling for great executi\e and ;ii!ministrati\'e abilit}'. which he possessed to a remarkable de- gree, while his indexible integrity and genial personality gained tn him the utmost confidence and esteem on the part of all with whom lie came in contact. In his political ])roclivitics. tliDUgh ne\'er an as])irant for office, Air. Co.x was a stanch ad- vocate of the principles of the Republican party and ever loyal to its cause. He e\er clung to the religious faith in which he had been care- ftilly reared, and fdr man\- \ears he was a member of the board of trustees of the Fir.st Alethoclist Episcopal church of Canton, in all departments of whcse \\orks he took a fervent and helpful interest. Fraternally he was identi- fied with both the ^^lasonic order and the independent Order of Odd I'ellows. At the time of the establishment of the CantMU public library Mr. Cox was made a member of its board of trustees and continued to serve in lliis capacity until he was summoned from the scene of hi'i miirtal laliors. while all that pertained to the well-being of bis home city and county lay close to his heart and he was ever loyal in all the duties of citizenship of the highest type. The news of his death was deeply felt among his business associates and in the city in general there was evident a sense of personal bereave- ment, while his remains were laid to rest with every mark of esteem man can show to mortal man. He was a stanch friend, a lo\ing and devoted father and httsband. and standing in the light of a life and character so strong and so prolific in honorable? deeds, his death, at the zenith of his usefulness, came with crushing significance, but it is l)clicved that liis ex- emplary life will long be remembered and ser\e as a type worthy of emulation. in the city of Canton, on the Slh of Decem- l)er, 1870, Mr. Cox was united in marriage to Miss Ada C. Haas, who was born in this city, being a daughter of George Buckeye Haas, wiio was born in the state of Maryland, on the 27th of h'ebruary. 1813. while his parents came to Stark county when he \vas a boy, being numljered among the early settlers in Canton, where be had established himself in business ])rior to the year 1830. devoting practically his entire business career to the cabinetniaking and undertaking lousiness and becoming one of the reprcsentati\-e citizens of Canton, where he died in 1878. at the age of si.xty-five years. I Ic served for nianv vears as townshi]i trustee and was ]iroininent in public affairs of a local nature, wliile he ever retained the high regard of all who knew him. He and his wife were both devoted meiiiljers of the Lutheran church, of which his father, Mcv. F'rederick Haas, was a prominent clergyman, having come to Can- ton from West \'irginia and having been or.e of tiie pioneer clergy of his church in this sec- tion of the I'.uckeye state. Tie died in Canton in 1834, and his wife Elizabeth died in Tif- fin, Seneca county, this state, in 1868, at the age of seventy-eight years. The original pro- genitors of the Haas family in America emi- grated hither from (lermany, the name being spelled as here given, while its ])ronunciation is indicated bv the form "Hess." In Canton CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 57 5 (ieor^e B. Haas was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth \L\\. who was Ijorn in Washing- ton C(nnu\ , Peniis}'lvania. wlience she came to Canton in 1830, to join the family (.)f her hrother-in-law, John Black, who conducted what was known as Black's hotel, on the site of the present Central Sa\ings Bank, her mar- riage to Mr. Haas having been solemnized iii this h.otel. She long survived her husband, lier death occurring in Canton, in the month of January, I'joj, at the age of eighty-two years. 'They became the parents of two children, the younger of whom was i\.da C, the widow of the subject of this memoir. Her brother, Mar- shall E., was born in Canton, in 1843, •^'''^ ^'^' ceivetl his education in the public schools and a business college in the city of Pittsburg, Penn- sylvania. Upon the I'resident's first call for volunteers to aid in suppressing the rebellion, he enlisted, in 1861, as a member of Company 1', Eonrth Ohiij Volunteer Infantry, with which he continued in ser\'ice for three years, having received a severe wound from a musket Ijall, which passed through his right arm. He was promoted to cori^ral and later to^ sergeant of his cornpanv, and after the close of the war he went to the west as an express messenger, later returning to Canton, where he died in the year 1876. At Centralia, Illinois, he married Miss [ulia Marsh, who survives him. retaining her residence in the city of Spokane, \Vash- ington, as does also her daughter Ada. Her son Guy resides in San Jose, California, and her other son, Georg'e, is deceased. Mrs. Cox was reared and educated in Canton, taking a high school course, and her lirst teacher was a ?vliss Betsy Cowles. Mr. and Mrs. Cox be- came the parents of four children, concerning whom the following brief record is offered in conclusion of this sketch : Mary Elizabeth, who was for seven years a successful and im])u- lar teacher of German and English in the Can- ton high school : ;\rarcia R. remains at the ma- ternal home; Edna is the wife of Herlaert D. Raff, of fronton, this state; and Ada Beall like- wise remains with her mother in the attracti\'e familv homestead. ARTIll'R S. BOYER was born in the city of Dayton, Ohio, on the 4th of Eebruary, 1867, where he attended the public schools until he had reached the age of fifteen years, when he entered Cooper Academy, at Dayton, Ohio, where he continued his studies until 1885.. He was then matriculated in old Kenyon College, at Ciambier, Ohio, where he remained two }'ears, at the expiration of \\hich he returned to his home in Dayton, where his presence was demanded by reason of the precarious health of his honored father. He continued his edu- cational work at home until he had attained the age of t\\ enty-two years, when he went to Dallas, Texas, where he became assistant man- ager of a large dry-goods and millinery house, retaining this incumbency until 1893. On the 2Tst of January, 1891, he was there united in marriage to Miss Mamie Hurst, daughter of Thomas W. and Alary (Kendall) Hurst, of that cit}', Mr. Hurst having l)een in charge of the circulating department of tlie Dallas Morn- ing News. For one year INfr. Boyer was associ- ated \'\ith his father-in-law in this department of newspaper work and he then l)ecame mana- ager of the southeastern territory of the Plym- outh Rock Pants Company, with head- quarters at Chattanooga, Tennessee. In the s|)ring of i8g6 he returned to Dayton in com- pany with his wife, where he devoted the greater part of the summer to study, while in the autumn he identified himself vigorously with the active work of the Young Men's Christian Association, going to Xenia, Ohio, where he ceth Carey. ]Mr. and Mrs. Boyer are well known in the city of Can- ton and are prominent in the best social life of the community. John ['"rederick Bojer, the father of tVe subject, was born in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, in 1828, and when he was but four years of age hi.T parents removed thence to what is now the city of Dayton, Ohio, the place being at the time a mere village. He attended the typical log school house of the pioneer town and after leaving school learned the trade of copper- smith, while eventually he became a successful manufacturer of cupper coils and other prod- ucts in the line. His wife, whose maiden name was Lucrctia Swain, is a daughter of the late Judge Charles \\'. Swain, who was a distinguished and honored pioneer of Davton. WILSON C. BERGER.— Among those who have stood as distinguished types of the i world's workers and who have proved their value to the world through tiieir labors and through inventions of great utility, stood the honored subject of this memoir, who was a man of exalted integrity, most kindly con- sideration in all the relations of life and one who ever placed a true estimate upon men and things, there being no obliquity in his \-ision and thus no deviation from the course which makes for true and noble and prolific manhood. He was the artificer of his own fortunes, was appreciati\e of the dignity of honest toil, for he had been himself a worker, and he attained high prestige as one of the representative busi- ness men and most loyal and valued citizens of Canton. A work of this character exercises its maximum Junction when it enters tribute to the life and labors of such a man. The late Wilson Calvin Berger was a na- ti\e of the old Keystone state and came of stanch German lineage on both the paternal and maternal sides. He was born in the town of Millersburg, Berks coimty, Pennsylvania, on the 6th of April, 1851, being a son of Will- iam and Angelina (Schmeltzer) Berger, the former of whom served faithfully in defense of the Union during the war of the Rebellion. l"he narrative of the conditions and circum- stances of his early life constitutes the "short and simple annals of the poor," and the state- ment is in itself adequately significant, for it shews that his strong" character was moulded in the stern school of experience. His edu- cational o])])iirtunities were perforce limited, but to such natures a handicap of this order is not a matter of serious import in starting- out in tlie race for the goal of definite success. Mr. Ber- ger early manifested a decided predilection for mechanical pursuits, showing much genius in this line while still a boy. and it is pleasing to advert to the fact that it was through this same genius that he eventuallv attained distinc- c^ JL^cJ cy^ ^ "^[^^^-^^^-r^ oji^^^^y CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. S77 tion as an inventor and a position of inde- pendence and prosperity. When lie was a lad his father took him to the city of Reading, Pennsylvania, with a view of securing him a position in the locomotive works in that city, in order that he might serve an apprenticeship at the business. He was unsuccessful in" making the desired arrangements, and at the advice of an uncle of his mother, a Mr. Seaver, Mr. Berger entered upon an apprenticeship at the tinner's trade, in Millersburg. In 1870, at the age of nineteen years, having become a skilled mechanic in this line, he came to Can- ton and secured employment in the shops of Best & Martin, on South Market street. Later he entered the employ of the Biechele Brothers, with whom he remained for a period of four- teen years, after which he was employed in the shops conducted by Edward Rex and Charles Rex. During these years Mr. Berger was not content to merely follow out the duties as- signed to him, but was also applying himself to mechanical study and invention during his evenings at home and at such other times as opportunity afforded. In Millersburg, Penn- sylvania, on the 22d of May, 1872, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary Myers, daughter of the late Reuben Myers, of Can- ton, a member of one of the representative pioneer families of Stark county. Mrs. Ber- ger's home has been in Stark county from the time of her birth, but at the time of her mar- riage she was passing a year in the home of relatives in Millersburg, Pennsylvania, where she and her husband remained during the suc- ceeding year, Mr. Berger being there associ- ated with his brother John A., in conducting a tin shop. At the expiration of this interval he returned to Canton, taking up his residence on South McKinley avenue, but while in the em- ploy of the Biechele Brothers he lived for six years in apartments over their establishment, and then built a home at 719 North Cherry street. In 1886, in partnership with his brother 36 John A., he began the manufacture of the mal- leable eave trough hanger which he had in- vented, their first shop being- a small room in John Inglehart's establishment, on North Cherry street, from which location they later removed to a shop on Fifth street, between Walnut and Cherry streets, this establishment likewise being one of most modest order, so that they eventually found it expedient to secure larger quarters and located in Stephen Zooker's building, opposite the Tabernacle on South Rex street, Mr. Zooker being at the time admitted to partnership in the business, which was gradually increasing in scope and import- ance, as the superior value of the invention be- came known. A short time afterward Mr. Zooker sold his interest in the enterprise to Hiram Khlorer. As time passed, other valu- able inventions patented by Mr. Berger were added to the list of articles manufactured, while other products were eventually turned out on a large scale, including sheet-metal roofing, siding and ceiling, eaves trough, con- ductor pipe, metal cornice, etc. Finally the firm, in order to provide adequate accommo- dations for their business, leased property on East Ninth street, between Cherry and Sexton streets, and there erected a well equipped plant, which proved sufficient for the exigencies of the enterprise until the large new plant in the Hur- ford addition to the city of Canton was erected, where the manufacturing was pushed forward under most favorable conditions. Mr. Berger had been superintendent of the works from the time of the organization of the firm, under the title of the Berger Manufacturing Company, which it still retains, and thus he came into close contact not only with his business associ- ates and patrons, but also with the workmen of the plant, and a more beneficent tribute to his memory can scarcely be paid than to say that he held the highest respect and the loyal regard of those who labored under his direction. In the earlier years Mr. Berger did all drafting 578 OLD LANDMARKS of designs for his inventions, thougfi he never recei^'eU the slightest instruction in this art. He continued to be actively concerned in the enterprise until the illness which finally termi- nated in his death, on the 2d of April, 1894. His loss was deeply felt in the community, for he had been honored as a business man and as a citizen of sterling worth of character, while to those more intimately associated with him in business the sense of personal bereavement was significantly poignant. All who came in con- tact with him honored him for his business rectitude and admired him for his keen sagacity and mature judgment in connection with prac- tical affairs, lit was a consistent member of Trinity Reformed church, to the support of whose spiritual work and collateral charities he was a liberal contributor, ever showing marked appreciation tor the responsibilities that canopy life and living in liarmony with the faith which he professed, — that faith which ever makes faithful. He and his l)rother John presented a beautiful memorial window to the church and also contributed largely to the building fund of the fine edifice. In politics he ever accorded a stanch allegiance to the Democratic party and, while taking a deep and intelligent interest in the questions and issues of the hour, he never desired official preferment of any order. A most appreciative estimate of the character of the man was made by his pastor. Rev. E. P. Herbruck, at his funeral services, on the after- noon of .'\pril 5, 1894, and it is consistent that a few excepts be here made from his sermon : "It is not often that the death of a man pro- duces such universal sorrow in a community as did the death of Mr. Berger. When the news spread throughout the city that he had passed awav, there was deep and heartfelt regret ex- pressed on every side and many an eye was dimmed with tears at the thought of the death of this excellent man. But as there is comfort in looking forward, so there is also in looking back over his life. The forty-three years he spent here were not vainly spent. He employed well the time, the little space of time, alloted to him on earth. He had many excellent qualities. One of these was his dilligence in business. He was not above work, and did what his hands fountl to do with all his might. He knew what physical labor meant, not by observation but by actual experience. He came up from the humbler walks of life, cleaving his way by dint of ingenuity and hard work. Together with his l>rother, he slowly forged his way to the front, conquering the opposition and surmount- ing obstacles that beset his path. His lack of means and the difficulties that confronted him made him all the more earnest and persistent. He had just come to a competency and to comfort and had reached the stage in life when he might enjoy the fruits of his labor, when the dark-robed angel removed him from our midst. While he was highly esteemed by the firm to which he belonged, he was also in good repute witli the employes. It is their unanimous testi- mony that he was a good master. His was a heart of flesh and not of steel. He sympa- thized with the men because he himself was a working man. He displayed all proper feeling and consideration for them and therefore they were not lacking in love and loyalty to him. The coldness and distance so common between employer and employe did not exist between them, and as a consequence there was an ab- sence of the friction and dissatisfaction so com- mon in that rela4;ion. I may further say that the deceased was a strictly honest man. He knew the difference between mine and thine. No one can rightfully accuse him of deception or double dealing. His hands are clean of ill gotten gains. This is saying a great deal in these days of fraud and questionably scheming. It is a eulogy in itself to say that a man is transparent in character and four square in all his transactions. The last thing we wish to sav of the brother is the best, namely, he was a Christian. He was baptized in his infancy CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 579 and has been a member of the Reformed church' from childhood. For the past eighteen years he has l^een identified with Trinity church and has given his cordial and substantial sup- port. His name is inscribed on one of these memorial windows, and there is no more honor- able place to liiive it written. That inscription Avi-11 be a perpetual witness to his interest in this congregation." After the death of her honored husband, Mrs. Berger remained for a number of years in their home on Cherry street, but on Novem- ber 15, 1900, she took up her abode in her present spacious and attractive residence, which she erected, the same being located at No. 21 18 ^^'est Tuscarawas street and being one of the many beautiful homes of the city. Of the chil- dren bom to Mr. and Mrs. Berger brief record is entered in the following lines : Goldie Edith •\vas born in Canton, on the i6th of November, 1876, and is an artist of marked talent, having done excellent work in oils, both in the line of landscapes and that of portraits. She is now the wife of Edward F. AV'eckel, who is a teacher of elocution in the public schools of Canton, his home liaving formerly been in Dayton, this state. Mr. and Mrs. Weckel have one child, ^^'ilson Edward. William R., who was born in Canton, on the 13th of July, 1878, has at- tended the best musical schools in this country and Germany and is now a successful and popu- lar teacher of the "divine art" in his home city. Albert Wilson was born in this city, on the 22d of April, 18S6, and has inherited much of his father's mechanical "genius, having invented a corn shredder and many other valuable de- vices. ?\lrs. Berger was born in the village of Louisville, Stark county, Ohio, on the 27th of July, 185T, and was but thirteen years of age at the time of her mother's death, and her father soon afterward removed to Canton, where she was reared to womanhood, ha^'ing assumed the major portion of the domestic duties of the household after the death of her mother. She is a daughter of Reuben and Mary A. (Pecher) Myers, the former of whom was born in Adams county, Pennsylvania, De- cember 25, 1820, while he was numbered among the sterling pioneers of Stark county, Ohio, where he died on the 21st of January, i8go. He rendered his country faithful mili- tai-y service during the war of the Rebellion. His wife was born April 12, 1825, also in Adams county, Pennsylvania, and her death occurred on the nth of April, 1865. Of their children the following brief data is entered: Joseph R., who is now a resident of Canton, was a valiant soldier in the Civil war and was confined nearly two years in the notorious Libby prison; he married Miss Ada Hense! ; Pius Alatthew, who is engaged in the grocery business in Canton, married Miss Catherine Herbst, of New Philadelphia, this state; Amelia Ann died in childhood; Mary is the widow of the subject of this memoir ; and Frank F.. a resident of Canton, married Miss Celia \\'ingerter. Mrs. Berger has long been a zealous and devoted member of the Reformed church, is a woman of gracious presence and her home is a center of refined hospitality, while she has a wide circle of friends in the city where the major portion of her life has been passed and which is endeared to her by many grateful memories and associations. LEWIS M. LIND.— The Lind family, of which the subject of this sketch is of the third generation, lias resided in the county continu- ously since 1826. The family originally came from Germany, and in that country was called Funderlind. The progenitor of the family in America came to this country previous to the war of the Revolution and located in either Maryland or Pennsylvania, probably the latter, whence the name, divested of the first two svlla- bles, spread over many of the eastern states. 58o OLD LANDMARKS John Lind, grandfather of the subject, was the first of the name to locate in Stark county, Ohio. He came in 1826, bringing with him his wife and children, among them Samuel Lind. then about eight years old, who became the father of Lewis M. Lind. The nativity of John Lind and his wife, Elizabeth (Hess) Lind, is not definitely known, but they were born in either Maryland or Pennsylvania, and from the former state, in 1826, they emi- grated to Ohio. They located upon a farm in Plain township, built a home, prospered, reared their children and remained there until their deaths. He died in Plain township many years ago, at the age of seventy-two years, while she lived for nearly twenty years thereafter, dying at the age of eighty-nine years. Both are well remembered by the older residents of that part of the county, as being among the most in- dustrious and thrifty of the early settlers. Samuel Lind, one of the children of the above mentioned couple and father of Lewis IM. Lind, was born in Maryland in 181 8. He was reared on his father's farm in Plain township, where he grew to maturity and married Miss Hannah Housel, daughter of Anthony Housel, an old resident of Plain township, who died there some years ago, at the age of eighty-nine years. There were thirteen children in the family of Samuel Lind and wife, all being reared to ma- turity and becoming useful and worthy citi- zens. Both parents died on the old homestead in Plain township. Lewis M. Lind was born in Plain township. Stark county, Ohio, March 25, 1845. He was reared and grew to manhood in the township of his birth and has been a resident thereof most of the years of his life, his home having alvvays been in Stark county. He attended the district school when available and so well did he employ his time and talents that while still a youth he was regularly licensed to teach, and conducted several very successful terms of school in the public schools of Stark county. Later he acquired a knowledge of the milling business and for about eight years operated a tiouring mill. He was prudent and saving, carefully husbanding his earnings, which en- abled him to make investments in real estate, so at this time he is the half owner of a nice farm of one hundred and sixty-seven acres, the land being well improved, fertile and valuable. In November, 1869, Lewis M. Lind was united in marriage, in Tuscarawas township, to Miss Angeline Brown, a native of Iowa. She lived but three years to grace their home, dying in May, 1872, and leaving to her be- reaved husband a little daughter, Clara E., as a pledge of her love. The child lived to the age of seven years, when she, too, followed her mother into eternity. On November 23, 1876, Lewis M. Lind again entered the married state, this time Miss Jennie M. Painter, a young lady of many accomplishments, becoming his bride. She was a native of Stark county, born in Pike township, October 26, 1856. Her parents were Jacob and Susan (Muckley) Painter,, who were among Stark county's early residents. To the subject's second union eight children were born, viz. : Mary A., Kate E., Herman- H., Henry E., Margaret, Dorothy J. and Lewis M., of whom the latter died in infancy. In politics Mr. Lind is a Republican. He- is quite active, especially in local affairs during election campaigiis and is credited with wield- ing considerable influence in his section of the county. He is not an office seeker, but, having always interested himself in educational mat- ters, he consented to strvt upon the school board a number of terms from 1888 to 1902. He also served as school director in Canton township three years while he resided there. Mr. and Mrs. Lind are both members of the Lutheran Trinity church, in the Sunday school of which denomination Mr. Lind is an active worker. They have a comfortable, happy home CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 581 on their fine productive farm, where, sur- rounded by their children, they reahze day by day that the good may have a rich reward meted out to them even in this Hfe. SAMUEL RINGER, of Plain township, Stark county, the subject of this sketch, was born in Nimishillen township, Stark county, April 6, 1824, and at the time of his birth his parents, John and Catharine (Truby) Ringer, had i^een residents of Stark county for twenty- four years. They were natives of Westmore- land county, Pennsylvania, both families having been prominent among the inhabitants of their native county, and there they grew to maturity and were married. He was a man of learning and ability and soon after he attained his majority was called by his fellow townsmen to fill one of the county offices. He also was appointed to public place under the national government and it was while acting in this capacity he made his first trip to Stark county. He died on his farm in Nimishillen township when he was seventy-three years old, while his widow survived him many years, going to her reward when she was eighty-four years old. They were the parents of twelve children, ten of whom grew to maturity, the other two dying in infancy, and Samuel, the subject, was one of the younger members of the family. In his native township of Nimishillen, Samuel Ringer grew to manhood. He em- braced such limited opportunities for acquiring an education as the primitive conditions then prevailing on the frontier aft'orded, but few boys or girls brought up at that time and in that locality securing a very high reputation for learning. Far more time and atteition were devoted to the development of the muscles in the clearing and on the farm than was afforded to the cultivation of the mind. Most of the lessons which the subject and other lads of his time learned were those of industry, the calling of an agriculturist being the only calling of which he acquired any knowledge, but he learned that thoroughly and well. October 15, 1853, Samuel Ringer was united in marriage, in his native township, to Miss Mary Zendz, daughter of Adam Zendz, one of Clark county's very early settlers. Like her husband, she had been bom and reared in Nimishillen township. They had known each other from babyhood and their life of unalloyed domestic happiness for a period of more than thirty-seven years shows how well they were suited to each other by nature and by training. Samuel Ringer met with the great bereavement of his life when, in December, 1890, his good and faithful wife, the mother of his thirteen children, departed this life. Two of their little ones died in infancy. The other children, all of whom grew to maturity, are Aaron, George A., Simon, Job, John, Edward, Levina, Bar- bara, Eva, Ida and Clara. The farm owned and occupied by Samuel Ringer consists of one hundred and sixty-five acres of fertile, well improved land. It is a choice tract and splendidly improved with good, substantial and commodious buildings of all kinds. At one time he was the owner of four hundred and eighty acres, but he has dis- posed of it all except the farm upon which he resides. All his life he has been a zealous, earnest worker and now, in his declining years, he finds himself in a position to take life easy. He has always carried on general farming and stock raising and has met with gratifying suc- cess in each branch of the business. In religion* he has been for many years a member of the Trinity Lutheran church and the cause of charity, religion and education has always ap- pealed to him strongly, he devoting much time and material substance to each. In his younger days he was quite active in politics, not only in township and county affairs, but on state and even national questions. He has always been a Democrat, but never aspired to public 582 OLD LANDMARKS position on his own belialf, the only ptibhc place he ever filled being that of trustee of j'lain township. He accepted tliat with man)- misgivings and was only too glad to relinquish the place into other hands at the close of his term. Intellectually as bright as in the morn- ing of his manhood, physically a far better man than many twenty years younger, contented and happy, surrounded by myriads of his ofif- spring, even unto the third generation, there seems to he no reason why Samuel Ringer shotild not round out the full period of a century of life. T.EVl A. COCKLIN was horn on his father's farm in Lake township. Stark county, Ohio, August II, 1837. His father was Adam Cocklin, who was a native of Pennsylvania, as was his mother also, and they were reared in Pennsylvania and married there. Soon there- after they emigrated to Stark county, locating in Lake township about 1825, upon the farm where they lived many years. He died at the age of fifty-six years, while she long survived him, passing away in the seventieth year of her age. 1'hey w^ere the parents of eleven chil- dren, of whom Levi A. was the seventh child. He was reared at the home of has parents in Lake township until he was seventeen years of age. In [854 he located in Plain township and has been a resident of that municipality ever since. When old enough he became ap- prenticed to A blacksmith and learned that call- • ing thoroughly, following it for nine years at Middlebranch, with marked success. From his earnings at the forge he saved suf^cient to enable him to purchase a piece of land and devoted what time he could spare from the shop in improving it. At Middlebranch on the 31st day of Janu- ary, 1865, Mr. Cocklin was united in marriage to Miss Mary Ann Christ, who was born in Massillon, Ohio, l^Iarch 20, 1843. Her par- ents were John and Hannah (Rhodes) Christ, who were among the early pioneers of that lo- cality. Both are now dead, the father dying at his home in Massillon, many years ago, in the fifty-first year of his age, while his wife survived him many years, passing to her eternal rest in the sixt3'-sixth year of her age. To Mr. and Mrs. Levi .V. Cocklin five children were born, viz: John J., Laura E., Adam .-V., Thomas J. and Phoebe J. It is an interesting, happy family, in a home w here love reigns and kindness and courtesy between the members of the household are ruling features. Personally Mr. Cocklin is one of the most generous and public spirited citizens of the township. Every step in the direction of local improvement or for the public good always finds in him a warm supporter. Still he is prudent, careful and con- servative, a man who never ventures into any- thing until he is fully satisfied as to its merit. He is a kind husband, an indulgent father and a model citizen. ELI SMLfH was born in Franklin county, Marj'land, January 5, 1815. His parents were Daniel and Mary Ann (Lind) Smith, the for- mer of whom was a native of Pennsylvania, but later moved to Maryland and resided there until after the birth of their sixth child, Eli, the subject. There they remained until 1825, when they came to Stark county. Ohio, they and their eleven children making the trip in a big wagon drawn by hor.ses and being seven- teen days on the way. They settled on the farm in Plain township, where the subject now resides, established a home and reared their family, and from there the eleven sons and daughters went out into the world seeking fame and fortune. The mother died when sixty- six years old, while Mr. Smith lived many years thereafter, dying when in the eighty- third year of his age. ^^'llen he came to Stark countv. Eli Smith CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 583 was but ten years old. Up to that time he had received httle education and the boundless west then afforded few facilities for the enlight- enment of its youth. He worked on the farm until old enough to engage in an avocation more to his taste, when he went to Greentown, Lake township, to learn from his brother the trade of tanner. For forty years, from 1834 to 1874. he worked at that calling, and in 1842 he began the operation of a tannery of his own at New Baltimore, doing a thriving business. In 1856 he purchased the old farm and moved thereon, superintending its cultivation in con- nection with the operation of the tannery. His farm consists of one hundred and fifty-nine acres, all well improved and in a fine state of cultivation. At Greentown, Lake township, November 20. 1840, Eli Smith was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Kreighbaum, a native of Green- town, bom in 1824. Her father was George Kreighbaum, one of the early pioneers and leading citizens of Stark county, having served as one of its early commissioners, while her mother's christian name was Catherine. For nearly forty-seven years Mr. and Mrs. Eli Smith lived happily together, she dying in Plain township, March 15, 1887. They were the parents of eleven children, nine of whom grew to maturity. In politics Mr. Smith is a Democrat of the old school. He cast his first ballot for Martin Van Buren, the successor of Andrew Jackson, in 1836. He was old enough to take an active interest in politics when "Old Hickory" ran the last time in 1832, being in his eighteenth year, and was sorely disappointed that he was not old enough to cast his ballot for the grand old Democrat. In his time he has filled many of the local offices of the townships in which he lived. He was treasurer of Marlboro township several years, trustee of Plain township and was road supervisor and school director. In every post that he filled he gave entire satisfaction and always, O'f his own choice, relinquished the positions. He has been for many years a member of the English Lutheran church, of which his wife was also a member during her lifetime. Both joined when they were youngs, soon after the church was established in their part of the county. The life of Eli Smith has been a long and useful one. He has reared a large family of sons and daughters and has seen them go out into the world and become useful, prosperous citizens. Of all of the friends of his early youth scarcely one remains. Each has passed to his reward and left him to still enjoy the blessings of life, not the least of which is the lo\'e and affection of the rising generations of grandchildren and great-grandchildren which crowd about him. JOSEPH HAAK A\as horn in Marlboro township, Stark county, Ohio, April 27, 1849. His parents were Jacob F. and Barbara (Zeigler) Haak, both natives of Germany, in which country they were reared and married, and came to America in the early 'thirties. Their voyage across the Atlantic in a sailing vessel, the best means of transportation at the time, was a long, tedious and disagreeable one. They came to Stark county and first settled in Plain township, about one mile east of New Berlin, but later they moved to Marlboro town- ship, where they purchased a farm and where they continued to reside up to the time of their deaths. Both died comparatively young, she at the age of forty-two, he at the age of forty-eight. They were the parents of twelve children, of whom Joseph, the subject of this sketch, was the tenth child and youngest son. The first seven years of his life were spent in Marlboro township. Being left an orphan when quite young and dependent upon his own resources, he early learned the lessons of in- dustry and self-reliance. Knowing well, by 584 OLD LANDMARKS his own experience, the value of money, what he got he appreciated and by the providence whicli he practiced he was not long in accumu- lating enough to invest in a piece of land in Plain township, a nice productive tract, capable of being converted into a fine, fertile farm. December 5, 1876, at Canton, Ohio, Joseph Haak was united in marriage to Miss Catharine Smith, also a native of Marlboro township, and a daughter of Eli and Sarah (Kreigh- baum) Smith, natives of Frederick county, Maryland. They immediately moved into their own home on their farm in Plain township, where they have resided ever since. The farm is not large, but it would be difficult to find one better improved. The residence is large, handsome, beautifully finished and furnished in a manner which bespeaks the good taste and refinement of its occupants. There is a splendid, substantial barn upon the place and the stable, granaries and other buildings are all that could be desired. It is a home of which any man may well feel proud. Mr. and Mrs. Haak are the parents of one son. Ellis F., now in his twenty-fifth year. In politics Joseph Haak is a Democrat, a firm believer in the fundamental principles of that party and labors earnestly in his own modest way for its success. At the present time he is serving as trustee of Plain township and has at difi'erent times held other local of- fices. He was township assessor and school director for many years and has always been active in anything which concerned the public, his influence and example being devoted to the improvement of the township. He is a progressive, public-spirited man, who never allows a little matter of expense to deter him from doing that which will result in good to the community. He and his wife have been for many years members of the English Liitheran church and at the present time he is one of its trustees. Honest, candid, conscientious and unselfish, he is a citizen whose power for good is potential and he has rarely failed to exercise his power in any worthy cause brought to his attention. OTIS UPTON WALKER was born in the town of Ragersville, Tuscarawas county, Ohio, on the 9th of January, 1874, being a son of Edward S, and VVilla (Nefif) Walker, of whose three children he was the eldest, the others being Torry S,, of whom more definite mention will be made in appending paragraphs; and Mamie F,, who is the wife of Sherwood Austin, of New Baltimore, this county. Ed- ward S, Walker was born in Tuscarawas coun- ty, November 18, 1849, being a son of Samuel P. Walker, who was one of the early settlers in tiiat county, where he was engagefl in agri- cultural pursuits until his death, becoming a man of influence in the community. At the time of the Civil war he ser\'ed in the quarter- master's department, in which connection he journeyed over a wide range of country, se- curing horses for the army, and in this way he became well known throughout the most di- verse sections of the state of Ohio, He ac- cumulated a competence and was a man of inflexible integrity in all the relations of life. Of his fourteen children all are living except two. Edward S. Walker was reared to man- hooil in his native county, where he received a common-school education and where he learned the trade of harnessmaking. After, his mar- riage, in the fall of 1870, he opened a harness shop and hardware store in Ragersville, whence he removed, in 1881, to Berlin, Holmes county, where he was engaged in business about two years. His health became much impaired at this time and he was thus led to remove to a farm, near Garretsville, Portage county, where he continued to reside about four years, at the expiration of which he located in Marlboro, Stark county, where he opened a hotel, which he conducted until the death of his wife, in O. U. WALKER. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 585 April, 1902, when he retired from the hotel and has since given his attention to the harness business which he had previously conducted in the town, while simultaneously keeping the hotel. He is a stanch Republican in politics, but has never sought official preferment, and he is a worthy member of the Christian church, as was also his cherished and devoted wife. She was born in Tuscarawas county, in the year 1852, and her parents, Jacob and Christina Nefif, died, of typhoid fever, when she was but an infant. She was reared in the home of a relative, Mrs. Abigail Kuntz, of her native county, and was a type of gracious woman- hood. She died on the 4th of April, 1902, and was laid' to rest on the anniversary of the death of her son Torry. At the time of his tragic death she stated that she would follow him within a year, and though she was at the time in comparatively good health, she was summoned into eternal rest within two days of the close of the year, having grieved sorely over the loss of her young and noble son. Otis U. Walker was about twelve years of age at the time when his parents took up their residence in Marlboro, and here he continued his educational discipline in the public schools, being graduated in the high school as a member of the class of 1S93. Even as a boy he mani- fested the distinctive spirit of independence and self-reliance which are his dominant character- istics today. At the age of thirteen years he had apprenticed himself to learn the barber trade, in which he became proficient, and through his work at the same he paid his own expenses while in the high school. In the summer of 1893, with the view to completing a course in Mount Union College, he came to the village of Mount Union and here opened a barber shop, and through conducting the same he acquired the funds with which to meet the expenses of his collegiate course, which he followed out while devoting himself to the work of his trade. Notwithstanding the arduous nature of his labors in the shop he applied himself with such enthusiasm and assiduousness to his studies that he was able to complete the regular four years' scientific course in the college in a period of three years, and being graduated as a mem- ber of the class of 1896, with the degree of Bachelor of Science. His personality is such that he has always had the faculty of gaining and retaining warm friendships, and he was one of the popular students of the college, as is evident when we revert to the fact that he was chosen to various positions of responsibil- ity in his alma mater, — positions demanding both executive and literary ability. Thus he was manager of the basket-ball and foot-ball teams, served as editor of the Dynamo, the col- lege monthly, and also of the Unonian, the college annual, while he was also periodical reader in the annual society contests. He like- wise held the office of captain in the college Republican Marching Club during the McKin- ley campaign and was an officer in the cadet corps. After his graduation Mr. Walker was employed as city editor of the Alliance Leader and also did special work for the Cleveland Leader and Columbus Press-Post, while he also passed about six weeks in the city of Pitts- burg, in the employ of the Pittsburg Times, his object being to gain certain practical in- formation in regard to newspaper work which he could not secure in Alliance,- where the scope of the journalistic enterprises was natur- ally circumscribed. With Mr. Walker there , has always been a distinct appreciation of the value of time, and he has wasted little, as may be inferred. While he was actively engaged in newspaper work he devoted his attention to the reading of law, having as a preceptor William L. Hart, one of the representative members of the bar of Stark county and a resident of Al- liance, and to these two lines of work he was giving his attention at the time when the fed- 5S6 OLD LANDMARKS eral government declared war against Spain, when he responded to tlie call of duty and pa- triotism l)v enlisting, in June, 1898, as a mem- ber of Company K, Eighth Ohio Volunteers. known as the "President's Own," with which he served in the ranks in the campaign of San- tiago de Cuba. In the midst of the campaign, he was stricken with yellow fever, and for Aveeks his life hung in the balance, his being- saved to years of further usefulness being ac- complished largely through the great fraternal devotion of his brother Torry, as will be noted later in this context. After his regiment was mustered out and he had sufficiently recuper- ated his health, Mr. Walker again engaged in editorial work, identifying himself with the Alliance Review, and he was thus einployed at the time of his nomination, in the spring of 1900, as the Republican candidate for the office of mayor of Alliance, and he was elected by a gratifying majority. He had cast his first presidential vote in support of McKinley only four years previously, in 1896, and in the cam- paign of that year was a member of the first voters' club organized in Alliance. Of Mr. Walker's initial administration as mayor an- other publication has spoken appreciatively as follows : "In the administration of the affairs of the city and in the performance of the du- ties of his office Mayor Walker ga\e such gen- eral .satisfaction and won such general approval that the people, almost regardless of party affil- iation, rallied to his support for his re-election, and in the spring of 1902 he was given a ma- jority even greater, than that when he was first elected to the office. At all times during the administration of Mayor Walker when his ad- vice has been sought he has counseled for the best interests of Alliance and its people, that it might be known as the place of peace and har- mony among all citizens, and in so doing he has won the respect and confidence of all citi- zens. As chief executixe his aim has been to secure health and safety for his constituency, the first by rigid enforcement of the sanitary laws, and the second by establishing ample and up-to-date fire and police departments." In 1903 the new municipal code of Ohio came into effect which necessitated a new election of all executive municipal officers throughout the slate. y\.t this election Mr. Walker was again elected mayor of Alliance and is thus now ser\'ing his third term as chief executive of the city — at this election he received the largest vote ever given any candidate for any office at any election ever held in the city. With but one exception Mr. Walker is the youngest man ever elected to the mayoralty in Alliance, having been but twenty-six years of age at the time of his first election, as has been previously noted. In connection with his official work he is con- tinuing his study of the law and his intention is to thoroughly prepare himself for the legal profession, for which he is well adapted by nat- ural proclivities and mental powers. He is a young man of gracious and sincere per.sonality and his popularity conies as a natural sequence. Of fine intellectuality and forceful indi\idual- ity the future holds much in store for him. He is unwavering in his allegiance to the principles and policies of the Republican party and takes- an active interest in its cause, while heJ fair coinnion scliool education, which lie later ..upplemented liv wide and iudicidus reading", i'^ew men on the farm were ijetter informed on any ordinary .subject than he wa.s and few were more capa- l>]e of giving expression to an original thought than he. He was not imlx- a wide reader and student, hut a deep and Idgical thinker as well. On iIk T4th day nf i)ecenilicr. iXix). Mr. Bair was united in marriage to Miss Barixira Cocklin. in the city of C'ant(Hi. Ohio. She is a native of l.ake townshi]). horn July 28, 1841. the daughter of .\dain and llarhara (Ciaerte) Cocklin, nati\-es of I'ennsyivania, but early settlers of Stark county. Her father died at the age of fifty years, while the mother lived to be seventy-five years nld. They and their family were recog-nized as among tlie best and most influential of the early inhabitants of the county. To Mr. and Mrs. Hiram Bair nine children ha\-e been burn, six of whom li\ed h> maturity and five of them are still living. Those who grew to maturit}- are. Er\in, Elma. George H.. Clara. James and I, aura. Clara e known, ex- cej)! to the beneliciaries. Politically Mr. Bair was always a Democrat. He passed to liis final rest March 25, 1903, aufl in his death I'laiii township and the community at Large lost one of its most valued aiul representative citizens. JOII.X H. SHEETS was lx>rn in Plain townshi]). Stark county. September 15, 1864, the son of Samuel C. Sheets, a sketch of whose career will be found in another part of this volume, and liis mother is Henrietta (Brill- hart ) Siieets. Both parents are still living, re- siding in a comfortable home in Xew Berlin, the fatlier having accumulated a competency and retired from active business pursuits. Twi> children were born of this union, viz. : ,\da, the oldest child, died when sex'en months old. and John H.. tlie subject. On his father's tarm in Plain township John H. Sheets was reared. His education was secure. The progenitors of the American hr;uich of the « CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 599 family settled orig'inallv in A'irginia. hut as that coniiiidnwealth increased in population and dexelopment. various representatives mi- grated westward, eventually spreading over several of what are now the middle and western states. Daniel Cloud, the Doctor's grandfather, moved to Illinois in an early day. settling in DeWitt county, where he lived to a very old age, departing this life there in 188.:. in his ninety-third year. Among his sons was Alhert Daniel Cl(^ud. the Doctor's father, whose birth took place near Cincinnati, Ohio, about the year 1843. He was a farmer all his life, moved to DeWitt county. Illinois. with his parents when quite young and there married Miss Anna Hoffer. a native of Switzerland, whose father, John Hoffer, im- migrated to the United States when she was a miss of six years. About the year 1895 ^''^ Hoffer family moved to Iowa anfl settled in Sac City, Sac county, near which place Mr. Hoffer has since been engaged in: the breeding and raising of fine blooded horses and other kinds of high grade live stock. Alljert D. Cloud was a man of varied intelligence and good social standing, honorable and upright in his dealings and very liberal in his political and religious views. His wife, a lady of excel- lent character and sterling worth, was a de- voted member of the Disciple church and as such did much to promote the cause of religion in the community where she lived. Her chil- dren, eight in numl^er. were named as follows: Elizabeth, who married Thomas Wampler, of Clinton, Illinois: Edward, a resident of Sac City, Iowa ; John., head professor of physics in the Northern Indiana Normal University at Valparaiso; Nettie, now Mrs. John Hildreth, of Sac county. Iowa: Albert Warren, of this review: Hiram, Clarence and Theodore. Dr. Albert Cloud was born May 20. 1873, in DeWitt county. Illinois, and until eighteen years old lived with his parents, contributing his full share to the family support. At the proper age he became a pupil in the district schools and from the first manifested a taste for books and a desire for study which enabled him to keep pace with the boys and girls much older than himself, so that in due time, at the age of eighteen, he completed the branches con- stituting the curriculum. \Vhile still a mere lad he determined if jiossible to become a scholar and make his mark in the world, and with these laudable objects in view he began at an early age to formulate plans for his future course, of conduct. Animated b)- a desire, first of all, to lay a substantial, intellectual foundation." without which success is but a doubtful acquisition, Mr. Cloud, about 1891. entered the Northern Indiana University and during the ensuing three years applied himself with such dili- gence to his studies that by 1894 he was able to graduate with an enviable record for scholarship. Subsequently, in 1899. he com- pleted the scientific course, meanwhile devot- ing the greater part of five years to teaching- in the public schools of his native state, a field of endeavor in which he attained a high stand- ard of e.xcellence as a capable and painstaking instructor. Among the schcwls of which he had charge at dift'erent times were the Hull school in DeWitt count)-. Illinois, the Indiana Point hig-h school in the county of Menard. town of Petersburg, \\here he was principal for some time, and others, in all of which his work was of a high grade of excellence and eminently satisfacti >r\. Dr. Cloud entered the Still College of Osteopathy, at DesMoines. Iowa, in which he ]iro,secuted his studies and researches until June, 1901. when he was graduated with a record for efticienc)- comparing favorably with that of the brightest members of his class. On the 8th day of July folhnving. he opened an ofiice in Canton and it was soon discovered that the thoroughness w ith which he appropri- ated medical knowledge while a student was 6oo OLD LANDMARKS equalled l)y his aliility to apply it in the treat- ment of diseases. The cases submitted to his charge soon Ijecame numerous and he was not long in taking rank among the leading physicians and surgeons of the city, in addition to which his practice took a wide range in the countv of Stark. He keeps pace with the ad- vancement in all lines of his profession, but is not entirely controlled by the theories and influence of the others, being a logical reasoner and original investigator and relying largely upon his own judgment, which has been thorf age, from which time he has been largely (le]:)en(lent upon his own resources. At the age noted he secured employment in a glass factory, where he received in compensation for his services two dollars and twenty-five cents a week. At the age of fourteen he Ijegan working at the baker's trade, to which he de- voted his attention for two years, at the ex])i- ration of which he entered upon an apprentice- ship at the blacksmith's trade, serving the customary three years and becoming a skilled artisan in the line. For three years there- after he was employed at his trade in the Uuquesne Wagon Works, in his native city, and on the 2d of July. 1881. a day rendered memorable as that upon which President Gar- field fell a victim to the assassin's bullet, he arrived in the city of Canton, which has ever since been his hi^me. Here he secured employ- ment in tlie blacksmith shop of Elbel & Com- pany, where he remained until August, 1896. when his health became so impaired as to necessitate the abandonment of this arduous type of work, .\bout this time he was ap- pointed to the office of assistant state secretary of tlie Junior Order of United American Me- chanics, under John A. Bliss, who he succeeded as state secretary in Septeml)er. 1900. since whicli time he lias remained incumbent of the office, whose affairs he had administered with masterly ability and discrimination, gaining the unqualified endorsement of the meml>ers of the order in fjhio and 1)ecoming a prominent figure in the fraternity at large. Mr. Richter was the organizer of the first council of the order in the city of Canton, on the 14th of January, 1888, the same l)eing known as Washington Council No. 12. and in 1891 he was elected state counselor of the order in Ohio, giving a very successful administration. In 1894, at the meeting of the national council, in Ashe- \ille, Xortli Carolina, Mr. Richter was elected national councilor, and upon his return io Can- ton the Incal members of the fraternity ten- dered bun a rece])tion and banquet at the Tabernacle, while he has ever l)een one of the most popular and honored representatives of this beneficent organization in the state, where he is well known in the circles of the order. He has been deeply interested in its work and has serx'ed on iniport;uit committees in the national body. Mr. Richter has also ad- vanced through the major portion of the de- grees of York-rite Masonry, being affiliated with William McKinley Lodge No. 431. Free and .Acce])ted Masons : Canton Chapter No. 84, Roval -Arch Masons; and Canton Council No. ; 35. Royal and Select Masters, while he is also ; identified with Lillie Lcxlge No. 362. Knights :: of Pythias, and with Molly Pitcher Council f, No. 10. Daughters of America. In politics Mr. Richter gives an uncom]>ro- mising allegiance to the Republican party, and on its ticket he was candidate for mayor of Canton in 1897. but was defeated through nor- mal political exigencies, his opl>l^nent being James A. Rice, who was elected as his own successor. Fie and his wife are consistent and valued members of Trinity Reformed church, in whose work they take an active and help- ' ful interest. In the city of Canton, on the 2r)th of June, ' 1895. Mr. Richter was united in marriage to Miss Ella R. Weaver, who was Ixirn in this city, being a daughter of Lewis and Ellen (Keim) Weaver, the former of whom is now deceased, his widow still retaining her home in' Canton. Mr. and Mrs. Richter have had four children, namely : Henry Clay : .\nthony Wayne (who died in infancy), Grace Aleda^. and Nathan Hale. ' Since Januar)-, 1895, Mr. Richter has resided at 415 Feather street and the pleasant family home is a center of gracious hos])itality. \ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 603 JOSEPH A. \^OLZER is a native of Can- ton, which has been his home throngliout hfe, while he is a son of Emanuel G. and Balbena ( Schmidt ) Volzer, the former of whom is the subject of a special memoir appearing else- where in this volume, while the latter still con- ducts the business established by her honored husband, both having- ever commanded the un- ciualified esteem of the community. Josepii A. Volzer, will I conducts a successful grocery busi- ness at 151 1 South Market street and who is the owner of other valuable properties in the city, was born in the old famih' homestead at 78 Hensel street. Canton, on the 25th of July, 1870. He attended the parochial school of St. Peter's church until he had attained the age of fourteen years, when he became a student in the Canton Business Colleg^e, where he com- pleted a thorough commercial course and was graduated as a member of the class of 1887. He then became a clerk in his father's grocery store, on Charles street, continuing to be thus identified with the same until 1894 ^"'1 having gained an excellent knowledge of the business in all its details. In the year mentioned he took a lease of his present place of business, his record having been such that he commanded good credit, though his financial resources were very limited. In Noveml^er of the }e:ir men- tioned he leased the store for one year, the same having remained closed for two months prior to that time, so that he faced the problem of practically building up a new business. In 1895 there came to him the opportunity to purchase the property, and he availed himself of the same and here he has built up a large and rep- resentative business in the line, having made many improvements on his store, augmenting its facilities and adding the finest lines of staple and fancy groceries, table delicacies, etc., and catering to a discriminating and appreciative patronage. From his earlv vdutli Mr. \'(ilzer has taken a deep interest in the Catholic church, of which he became a communicant at the age of twelve years, and he was prominently interested and concerned in the promotion of the building of S*^. ^Mary's church, having served on the parish building committee and as a member of the church council. He was secretary to Father Clement C. Treiber. now in charge of St. Jo- seph's church, in this city, and is acting in the same capacity for Father G. C. Schoenemann, who is installed as priest in charge of St. Mary's. In politics Mr. Volzer is a stanch advocate of the principles and policies of the Republican party, and he is progressive and public-spirited in his attitude and is esteemed in local business circles. He served for one year as vice-presi- dent of the Grocers' Association of Canton, and his energy and application and correct business- methods having gained to him the esteem and confidence of the business circles of the cit\\ He began his individual operations with but little capitalistic reinforcement, and his courage and self-reliance were early sliuwii in his effect- ing the purchase of his store and residence prop- erty, the house being in the rear of the store,, and by good management he cleared himself from all indebtedness on this property within two years after its purchase. Since that time he has purchased numerous other pieces of real estate, and his inxestments have shown excel- lent judgment. He is the owner of a building" utilized for business purposes on Garfield a\e- nue, of several residence properties on South Market street, two on South Cleveland avenue and one on Stark avenue. On the _>4tli of November, 1892. Mr. Vol- zer was united in marriage to Miss Clara S. Lung, of Massillon, her father, Andrew Lung, being a retired farmer of that city, where he died when ninety years of age, while his wife, whose maiden name was Catherine France, passed away at the age of sixty-five years. Mr. '6o4 OLD LANDMARKS and Mrs. Volzer have an interesting family of five children, J. Melville, Esther M., Donald J-L, Eugene and Elmer. GEORGE L. SICKAFOOSE.— The name Sickafoose is of German origin and it was from the fatherland that the remote ancestors of the subject came in an early day and settled in Pennsylvania. George Sickafoose, grandfa- ther of George L., was born and reared in Westmoreland county, that state, and in about the year 1812, with his wife and older children, moved to Stark county, Ohio, entering a quar- ter section of land in what is now Sandy town- ship. His wife before her marriage was a Miss Wagner; she was well fitted for pioneer life, ftdl of determination and as skillful in handling the old fashioned flint-lock rifle as were her husband and .sons. She was a sure shot, and in the early days when game was plentiful many wild animals and birds fell before her trusty aim. George Sickafoose entered the service of his country at the breaking out of the war of 1812 and took part in the campaign against the British and Indians on the Maumee river, in which, with other expeditions, he signalized himself by many acts of bra^■ery and daring. When he came to Stark county the country was a wilderness and his experiences were similar to those encountered by all early settlers on the frontier. A rude round-log cabin of diminutive size afforded his family a place of shelter for several years, but later a comfortable hewed- log dwelling was erected in its stead. The latter house was subsequently weatherboarded and within its walls Mr. Sickafoose spent the re- mainder of his days, dying, some time in the 'fifties, his widow surviving him several years. George Sickafoose reared a family of ten chil- dren, the oldest of whom was Christina, who married George Howenstein and departed this life some years ago in Pike township. Samuel, the second in order of birth, was reared to man- hood in Stark county, married a Miss Pool! and died in Whitley county. Indiana. George was for many years a well-known resident of Stark, but later moved to Freeport, Illinois, where his death afterwards occurred. He was twice mar- ried, the first time to a Miss Voglesong and subsequently, in Illinois, to Miss Jones, who bore him five children. Physically George Sickafoose was a man of heroic mould, a giant in stature and strength, in both of which re- spects he exceeded any other man of his day in the county of Stark. He excelled in all athletic feats and, although of a mild and peaceable disposition, no one cared to incur his anger. On one occasion he was attacked by a couple of bullies of whom the neighborhood stood in fear, but, seizing one with each hand, he brought their heads together \\ ith such terrific force as to render them insensible before they had time fully to realize what had happened. He fol- lowed mechanical pursuits in Canton previous to his removal to Illinois and is remembered as a skillful workman and a most worthy citizen. Michael, the fourth of the family, moved to Whitley county many years ago and died there in 1894. John, the father of the subject, was the next in order of succession, and after him came Andrew, who married a Miss McDaniel and departed this life in the state of Indiana. Benjamin, a farmer of Stark county, married Eavina Reed and finished his earthly course on the old family homestead in Sandy town- ship. Isaac, also an agriculturist, married Mary A. Reed and died on his farm in the township of Pike. Mary Ann, wife of Barton Blythe, spent all of her life in the county of Stark, dying in Waynesburg. Margaret, the youngest of the family, married James Roliert- son, her son being the present mayor of Can- ton. John Sickafoose. father of George L., was born on the home place January 10, 1819. He was reared to agricultural pursuits, obtained a linu'ted knowledge of the elementary branches " jS CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 605: of learning in the subscription schools and when a young man developed great efficiency as a mechanic, having been equally skilled as a carpenter, blacksmith and cabinetmaker. In 1849 he was united in marriage with Miss Nancy Kimmel, daughter of David and Susan (VVelker) Kimmel, both parents natives of Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania. David Kimmel and his brother-in-law, Henry Welker, were among the pioneer settlers of Stark coun- ty, they locating in the township of Sandy about the same time tlie Sickafoose family moved to this part of the state. Mrs. Nancy Sickafoose was born in Sandy township in the year 1823 and up to her marriage knew no other place of residence. During the four years following his marriage John Sicka- foose lived in Seneca county, this state, but at the expiration of that time returned to Stark to take charge of his father-in-law's farm, which he subsequently purchased. He spent the re- mainder of his life on the old Kimmel home- stead, dying in 1895, his wife following him to the grave four years later. Seven children were born to John and Nancy Sickafoose, namely: Christopher C, a resident of Pike township; Isaac N., also a resident of Pike; Josephine, wife of Renne Hert, of Canton township; Charlotte, the wife of John Howen- stein, of this county; Lydia, now Mrs. Isaac Caspar, lives in the city of Canton; Julius C, a farmer plying his vocation in Sandy town- ship, and George L., whose name introduces this sketch. George I.. Sickafoose was born on the old Kimmel farmstead, Sandy township. Stark county, February 17, 1863. He acquired his preliminary education in the common schools, which he attended at intervals until his twen- tieth year and then entered the normal school at Sparta where he obtained a knowledge of the higher branches of learning. Later he taught and attended school alternately for sev- eral years, meantime becoming a student of the normal university at Ada, in which institution he made rapid progress in his literary studies, being especially proficient in mathematics. Later he completed a course of civil engineer- ing in that school and in 1891 entered upon the practical duties of his profession and with little exception has followed the same with success and financial profit ever since. Mr. Sickafoose served as deputy under J. S. Hoover, county surveyor, and at the expiration of Mr. Hoover's term in 1901, was elected to the office on the Republican ticket, entering upon the discharge of his duties in September of the following year. Since becoming county surveyor he has made his home in Canton, but for several years prior to that time he lived in the city during the summer seasons, spending the winters at home while engaged in school work. Mr. Sickafoose is a very competent civil engineer and has been intrusted with a great deal of important work in the line of his pro- fession outside of his duties as official surveyor of the county. His aim has always been to excel in whatever he undertakes, and his record, officially and otherwise, shows that he has suc- ceeded in this laudable ambition as his labors have been eminently satisfactory to all con- cerned and highly creditable to himself. Pub- lic spirited and progressive, he has taken a very active interest in the prosperity of his county and today occupies no small place in the public gaze. Ever since attaining his majority he has acted in harmony with the Republican party and at this time he is recognized as one of its strong local supporters, devoting much of his time in disseminating the political principles which have done so much to foster the nation's industrial growth and make permanent its free institutions. He has also been a potential fac- tor in the city's social life, being popular with the people irrespective of political creed and as a neighbor and citizen, no one is held in higher personal esteem. On the 6th day of June, 1900, Miss Myrtle Sponhauser, daughter of Joseph ^o6 OLD LANDMARKS Sponhauser, of Pike township, this county, be- came the wife of Mr. Sickafoose, and tlieir marriage has been blessed with one ciiiid, a son by tlie name of George Russell. Frater- nally Mr. Sickafoose holds membership with the Order of United American Mechanics, and religiously belongs to the First Methodist Epis- co])al church of Canton, with which body iiis Avife is also identified. ]\IOSES A. BACHTEL.— The specific and distincti\e province of this publication is to enter record concerning tlK)se who have been the founders and builders of Stark county, and in the connection it becomes im- perative that more than casual mention be made of the sterling family of which Moses A. Bachtel was a worthy representative. He attained the venerable age of more than four score years, and was one of the honored pio- neers of Stark county, of which he was a native son. With great care and discrimina- tion Mr. Bachtel compiled, in i8g8, a gene- alogical record of his family, and. with slight metaphrase and occasional omission of data not specifically germane to this work, we shall reproduce his able epitome of the family his- tory in this volume, believing that the record will be under such conditions the more highly appreciated by present generations of the fam- i!\- and also by those who later come forward onto the stage of life. -My grandfather, John Jacob Bachtel, was born M;ircli 6, 1750, and his wife, Catharine (Letch) Bach- te], was horn .\prii 15, 175S, while their marriage wa< solemnized on the T6th of March, 177,3. As nearly as can be ascertained, they lived for some time in Wash- ington county, Maryland, and from that locality they are supposed to have removed to either Bedford or Huntingdon county, Pennsylvania, where they must have lived for a long term of years, since a period of forty years intervened between the time of their mar- riage and their emigration to Ohio, in 181,3, their young- est son having been fifteen years of age at the time of this removal. ]n the spring of 181J John J. and ■Catharine Bachtel, with their son John and his family. their .>Min> iJanicl, 'llicpin.-is and David, and their daugh- ter Anna Alary, all single, came from Pennsylvania to Stark county, Ohio, and here Grandfather Bachtel pur- chased a farm of one hundred and sixty acres in Pike township, one and one-half miles south of the north line of the township. His son John purchased one hun- dred and sixty acres adjoining the south line of tlie liame tovvnsliip and a short distance northwest of the present town of Sandy^'ille, and there he passed the bal- ance of his life. Grandfather Bachtel and his three unmarried sons began the work of literally hewing out a farm in the midst of the virgin forest, their first work being to make a clearing and to there erect their prim- itive log cabin home. After this came the task of grap- pling with the forest and making it give place to culti- vated fields. Those of the present generation can have but slight comprehension of the labor thus involved or the deprivations and disadvantages to be contended with by these sturdy pioneers who constituted the ad- vance guard of civilization in the middle we.st. In ad- dition to clearing the land there was the even more weighty responsibility of providing clothing for the family, for, be it rememl)ered, all apparel had to be manufactured by hand. It was necessary to raise the flax and then go through the various manceuvers requis- ite to make it ready for spinning, weaving, bleaching, etc., before it was in shape to be made into the honest homespun garments, and the noble and self-abnegating pioneer women had the greater portion of this work to do, in addition to the other and manifold duties de- volving upon them, while it can not be doubted that such constant occupation did much to render the soli- tary and monotonous life in the wilderness more en- durable. Our modern women would faint in the at- tempt of such responsibilities. Then turn to the manu- facturing of woolen goods. The first requisite was to secure ;i few sheep, and to keep the same was no easy task in the new country, infested with wolves and other wild animalsx having a distinct fondness for good mut- ton. Then followed the operations of shearing, picking the wool, sending it to the carding machine, then spin- ning, weaving, fulling and making it into clothing — all being done by hand. The reader may well stop to think that at that period in the history of this section one could not buy a ready-made shoe, hat or any article of apparel, all such articles being made to order, while the person was compelled to supply his own material. John Jacob Bachtel lived less than two years after he came to Ohio, and he was buried in the old ceme- tery between Tenth and South streets, west of McKin- ley avenue, in what is now the city of Canton. He was between sixty-five and sixty-six years of age. It is supposed he was a member of the Lutheran church. He was certainly a very industrious, hard-working man, having to provide for a family of thirteen chil- dren in the time and under the conditions in which he lived, .\fter the death of the grandfather my father. ' CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 607 Daniel Kachtcl, bouglit (Uit the interests of the other heirs in the old farm and my grandmother lived in the same yard, but in her own house, with her daughter Mary, and here she remained until the first part of April. 1.S36. Concerning her later life further data will lie entered hereafter. Of the children of John Jacoi) and Catherine ( Lecht", Hachtel a summarized record is entered as follov s : The eldest son, John, was horn February 10. T774, and his wife, nee .Mary Swank, was born March 26, 177Q. They were married in 1799 and came to Stark county in the spring of iSr.?, as has been already noted. Their ciiildren were as follows : Catherine, who mar- ried a Mr. Fetters and became the mother of three chil- dren : Magdalene, who married a Mr. Heminger and died in the West, having had several children; Jacob, who died in Stark county, in the prime of life; John, who died at the age of live years ; Mary, who married .Samuel Rurnhimer, and they had a number of children ; they died in Indiana ; Barbara married when of mature age and passed the remainder of her life in Stark county; Thomas, who married Sarah Shoe, lived on the old bomeste.-'.d for more than fifty years, and died there, being the last of the original family circle, he and his wife having had live children ; Sarah married Wil- liam Swaiicy and both are now deceased, being sur- vived by two .sons and two daughters. George Bachtcl, the second son of John Jacob and Catharine Bachtel. was born October 14, 1775, was a weaver by trade and followed this as a vocation until comins to Ohio. He married Catharine Pringle and their children were as follows : Mary, who became the wife of William Swifl. and died a few years later; Catharine, who married John Paulis, a blacksmith, re- moved with him linally to Gnshen, Indiana, where liotb died, having reared several children; Elizabeth married Matthias .Shcpler and they had three children ; Susan married a Mr. Burton and died a year later; P.arbara became the second wife of her brother-in-law, William Swift, and they had several children ; Jane became the wife of J;imes Cams and is now living with a daugh- ter; Magdalene married Zachariah Hayden and became the mother of three children ; .Sarah married William Saint and died n few years ago, leaving three children; .Anna married Seth Brant and died shortly afterward ; and !~)aniel. the only son. died in Canton, where his widow sti'l lives. Geortre Bachtel came to Stark county about 181S and settled in Pike township, wdiere he and Iiis wife passeil the remainder iif their lives. .M,i"d;ilepe. d,-ui'jliter nf John Jacub and Catharine Bai-htel. was born Oeceniber .1. 1777. and became the wife of Jacnb Mora, with whom she came from Peiui- sylvania to Stark county in an early day, the family settling in Pike township. This worthy couple became the parents of three sons and three daughters, and Airs. Flora died in 18^7 at the age of fifty-nine years. Jacob Bachtel, the next son of John Jacob, was born October <). 1779. and married Mary .Magdalene Beard, and they continued to reside in Washington county, Maryland, until their death, having reared a fine family of children. Jacob was eighty-one years of age when he died. Martin ISachtel, the next in order of birth, was born Octolier 26. 178,;. and married a Miss Springer, while a large family of children were born to them, the home being in Washington co\nity, Maryland. Three of the sons became clergymen of the Lutheran church, of wdiich the entire family are said to have been devoted members. Martin and his wife died many years ago, li;i\ing been wtirthy representatives of this numerous and honored family. ['arbara Bachtel was born October 5. 1786. and be- came the wife of John Brothers, and they came to Stark county, Ohio, in 1815, settling on a small farm near .Sparta, where they reared their three sons and three daughters. Mr. Brothers later purchased another farm, adjoining Sparta on the southwest, and there his death occurred in 1848, while his widow died in Sparta July 30, • 1867. at the venerable age of eighty-seven years. Frederick Bachtel was born March 2T. 17SQ, and mar- ried Elizabeth Warehani, with whom he came to Stark county from Pennsylvania in 1815, and here Mr. Bach- tel cleared and improved a good farm, passing away in 184.0 at the age of fifty-one years, while his wife died in Kosciusko county, Indiana, in 1871 at the age of seventy nine years. They had eleven children. -\nna IVIary Bachtel was torn November 5. 7791, :ind accompanied her parents on their remo\al to Stark i-ounty in t8T.3. Tn 1833 she married Daniel Failor, and they lived thereafter on a small farm in Pike township, wh.ere Mrs. Failor died in 1872 at the age of eighty-one years, while her husband died in 1879. Daniel Bachtel, father of the subject of this sketch, ^vas the n.^xt in order of birth of the children of John Jacob and Catharine Bachtel. and of him more de- tailed mention will be made later on in this article. Thomas Bachtel, the next son, was born on the t7th of February. 170'j, and accompanied his parents on their removal to Stark county He learned the trade of car- penter and continued to follow the same as a vocation during the period of his residence in this county. He married Polly Banker, of Canton, and they became the parents of one daughter. He and his wife finally sepa- rated and all trace of both has been lost by the rela- tives in Stark county. David Bachtel was born June 13. 1798. and came with his parents to Stark county. In 1823 he married Polly Failor. and he thereafter carried on a small farm, which he reclaimed, while he also transacted a profitable busi- ness as a cooper, particularly after the completion of the Ohio canal. He died in this county in 183S at the age of forty years, while his wife thereafter kept the family together and educated her children, her death ' 6o8 OLD LANDMARKS occurring in 1870, at which time she was sixty-seven years of age. Of their three sons two are living at the present time, while there are quite a number of their descendants in the state of Kansas. Having here given a brief account of the famil)' genealogy, we turn more particularly to a consideration of the personal career of the subject and to a record concerning his honored parents and their children. In giving an esti- mate of the life and labors of his parents we shall again draw upon the article prepared by Mr. Bachtel himself, believing this to be the most satisfactory course to pursue, even though there be an elimination of some words of commendation and appreciation. Daniel Bachtel, son of John Jacob and Catharine CLetch") Bachtel, was born on the 28th of Augiist, 1793, either in Maryland or Pennsylvania. He came with his parents to Ohio in the spring of 1813 and settled in Pike township. Here he was associated with his father and two brothers in erecting the little log cai)> ■ home in the midst of the forest wilds. Grandfather Bachtel died within less than two years after they came to Stark county, and this left the family's affairs in rather unfavorable condition. Daniel was compelled to purchase the farm and provide for the maintenance of his mother and sister. These circumstances induced him to seek a partner, so that on the l6th of May, 1816, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary A. Sherman, who was born in Greencastle, Franklin county, Penn- sylvania, on the 27th of September, 1798, and who came with her parents to Stark county about the same time as did the Bachtel family, Mr. and Mrs. Bachtel began housekeeping on the old homestead where the former first settled on coming to the county, and here all save one of their ten children were born. They continued to reside on this farm for a period of twenty years — until April, 1S36— when they removed to Green town- ship, then one in the northern tier of townships in this county, and later taken into Summit county. Here they continued to reside until the spring of 1842, their youngest child, Susan A., having been there born, on the gth of November, 1839- Subsequently to 1842 the family removed from place to place until November, 1.S54. when Daniel Bachtel. with other members of the family, went to Hunting-ton county, Indiana, and set- tled two miles west of the village of Roanoke, and there they passed the remainder of their lives. Daniel Bach- tel there died on the ist of April, i860, at the age of sixty-six years, seven months and three days, and his remains were laid to rest in the Wesley Chapel ceme- tery. His widow survived until May 30, 1877, and her remains rest beside those nf her husband, her age at the time of death having been seventy-three years. If ever there were two persons whose lives were tilled with ceaseless toil and endeavor, they were such two. The father cleared up a farm and did a large amount of teaming to Pittsburg and Cleveland, while he also did his full share of log rolling, raising log houses and barns, mowing hay witli a sc)the and reaping grain with a sickle. Tily motlier was an extraordinary woman for the opportunities which came to her portion. There was nothing save hard labor before her from the time I first remember her until she could labor no more, and upon her shoulders fell the responsibility of preparing clothing for her ten children and also caring for them in the manifold other ways which only \ true and noble mother knows. She was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church and died secure and happy in that abiding faith which ever makes for faithfulness. I might say much more about her labors, but the j-oung would doubt whether any woman could endure so much. She took my sister's son at eighteen months of age and reared him to the age of twenty-two. He en- listed as a soldier in the Civil war and shortly after entering the service was severely wounded and was sent back to Madison, Indiana, where he died, with no friend or loved one by his side to soothe him in his last mo- ments. He was one of the heroes whose lives were sacrificed on the altar of their country. Samuel S. Bachtel, the eldest son of Daniel and Mary A. Bachtel, was born April 27, 1817, in Pike township, this county, and here he lived with his par- ents until .\pril I, T836, when he accompanied the oth- ers of the family on their removal to Green township, and thereafter was with his parents on their various re- movals. When about twenty-two years of age he be- came afHicted with epileptic attacks, from which he failed to secure relief, though he had medical attention for many years, and he was finally compelled to abandon the work of his trade, that of carpenter. He was a natural genius in mechanical work, and save for his malady would have proved most successful in life. His mind finally became affected and he was thereafter un- able to do any work, his death occurring in Huntingtoii county, Indiana, on the 17th of August, 1S56, when he was thirty-nine years of age. being a mental and physi- cal wreck. He is buried in the same cemetery as were his parents. Martha Bachtel, the second child, was born on the old homestead in Pike township on the 17th of April, t8to. and' she remained at the parental home untM November. 1839, when she was united in marriage to Samuel Failor, with whom she took up her residence on the old Failor homestead, in the same township. They became the parents of two sons— Harrison and Charles. Her life was one of toil and self-abnegation, and she finally found rest from her labors, her deatk occurring February 28, 184S, at the age of twenty-five vears. Her son Harrison, who was about four years CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 609 of age at the time of her death, was taken hito the home of his uncle, Daniel Failor, by whom he was reared and whose property he eventually inherited. He married Melissa Hiple, and they became the parents of two sons and two daughters. Harrison was later mar- ried a second time and is now died. The younger son, Charles Failor, was taken into the home of his ma- ternal grandmother, Mrs. Mary A. Bachtel, as before noted, and he died as the result of wounds received in the war of the Rebellion. Moses A. Bachtel, subject of this review, was the next child born to Daniel and Mary A. Bachtel, and an individual review of his career will be given in appending paragraphs. Aaron Bachtel, third sen of Daniel and Mary A. Bachtel, was born in Pike township February 21, 1834, and he remained at home until about twenty years of age. As a young man he married Miss Catharine Loop, and they became the parents of four sons and four daughters. Henrj', Hiram and William are deceased, and John resides in Fort Wayne, Indiana. Anna Mary is deceased and the other three daughters are residents of Indiana. Aaron Bachtel was a carpenter by trade and was a sincere and hard-working man. He removed with his family to Huntington county, Indiana, in 1852. and thence went forth as a soldier in the Union army, coming back with broken health and he died May 31. 187,3, at the age of forty-nine years, his wife surviving him by about two years. Both were zealous member? of the Methodist Episcopal church. John Henry Bachtel was born November 25, 1S30, in Pike township, and he accompanied his parents on their removal to Huntington county, Indiana, where he remained until the summer of 1856, when he returned to his native county and entered the employ of C. Ault- man & Company, of Canton. In 1861 he was married to Miss Elisabeth B. Welch. Their eldest son is now cashier of the Canton State Bank and is individually mentioned on another page of this work. His sister, Helen, is a stenographic teacher in the public schools of Canton. Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Bachtel still reside in this city. Jacob A. Bachtel was horn in Pike township Janu- ary 28. 1826, was afflicted with great bodily infirmities throughout his life, and he was released from his suf- ferings on the 25th of June, 18.-14, being eighteen years of age at the time of his death. Catherine Bachtel was born July 29, 1828, in Pike township and she remained at the parental home until her marriage to David Secrist, to whom she bore two sons and two daughters. David Secrist died in 1S57 and his widow subsequently became the wife of John Kuhn, but she is now dead. Mary A. Bachtel was born September 18, 1S33. in Pike township and in 1851 she married Isaac Miller, the issue of this uninn being ten children. Mr. Miller died in 18S6 and his wife passed away on the 28th of 38 June, 1S90. Their home was in Wells county, Indiana. Emmanuel Bachtel, the youngest son of Daniel and Mary A Bachtel, was born in Pike township February 14, 1836, and he died in Huntington county, Indiana, at the parental home on the 4th of April, 1857, at the untimely age of twenty-one years. Susan A. Bachtel, the youngest daughter, was born in Green township. Summit county, Ohio, November 9, 183S, and in 1859 she became the wife of Alfred. P- Koontz. They have long resided in Roanoke, Hunting- ton county, Indiana, where Mr. Koontz is now engaged in the furniture and undertaking business. They be- came the parents of five children, all of whom are living except one. At this juncture we direct attention to the personal career of Moses A. Bachtel, the hon- ored and venerable pioneer citizen of Canton whose name initiates this article. He was bom on the old homestead farm, in Pike township, this county, on the 14th of June, 1821, and owing to the exigencies of time and place his early education privileges were necessarily lim- ited. He attended the little log cabin school' in a somewhat irregular way during the short winter terms, his services being required even during the winter seasons in threshing wheat by the use of horses, which tramped out the grain on the barn floor. On the first day of April, 1836, when he was about fifteen years- of age, the family removed to Green township;, in what is now Summit county, and he worked on the farm until he had attained the age of nineteen years, and during the summers of 1840-41 he was employed at die carpenter trade by Peter Buchtel, of Green township, while in the autumn of 1841 he took the con- tract to build a house in the village of Green- town. On the 29th of March, 1842, Mr. Bach- tel left the parental home and went to Green- town, where he secured employment in the shop of W. M. Ball & Company, at a stipend of thirteen dollars a month. He eventually did all kinds of work, from moulding plow- points up to turnirig, fitting and drilling the various portions of the primitive reaping ma- chines manufactured, while he also acted as 6io OLD LANDMARKS fireman and engineer. He continued to work for this firm and its successors, at intervals, until the spring of 1846, when he purchased Daniel Smith's interest in a wagon shop and two lots and a house in Greentown. In 1849 -he hired out to Michael Wise to work in his machine shop and manage his interests, re- ceiving one dollar a day in compensation for his diversified services. He in the meanwhile sold his interest in the wagon shop to his partner, Henry Funk, and he continued in the employ of the firm of Wise & Ball, in Green- town, until November, 185 1, when the busi- ness headquarters were transferred to the town of Canton, where Messrs. Ball and Aultman became associated in the erection and equip- ping of the Buckeye plant, for the manufact- uring of agricultural implements and ma- chinery on a wider scale. He continued in the employ of the company until November, 1854, wlien he removed with his family to Hunting- ton county, Indiana, and settled on a farm near Roanoke, where he remained until Feb- ruary, 1856, when he returned to Canton and resumed work for Ball, Aultman & Company, and with this concern he continued to be en- gaged as an able and trusted employe until its business had grown to be one of magnifi- cent scojie and importance, severing his con- nection with the company, which had been reorganized from time to time, until the year 1884. In .\pril of that year he traded l^roperty in Canton for a farm of sixty-four acres in Cuyahoga county, where he and his familv resided twenty-eight months. Mr. Bachtel thereafter lived for a time in Akron and West Richfield, Ohio, and then in 1893. he returned to Canton and ]nuTliased the at- tractive home at 304 Blaine avenue, where he lived practically retired until his death. May 14, FO03, having through his indefatigable "and well-directed efforts acquired a com- petency for the golden evening of his life. Mr. Bachtel was before his death the oldest li\ing employe of the Aultman Company, having been for more than forty years re- tained in the capacity of pattern-maker. He returned to Canton in 1893. having been absent from the place for about a decade, and wishing to pass the declining years of his life in his native county, and in the city where he had so long lived and labored and where his friends were in number as his acquaintances. In politics Mr. Bachtel was originally a Whig, but gave an unqualified allegiance to the Republican party from the time of its organization, ever maintaining' a lively interest in the questions and issues of the hour. Mr. Bachtel was a zealous and devoted member of the Methodist Episcopal cliurch f(_ir more than sixty years, and held various ofiicial positions in the same, having been thus honored until the infirmities of advancing age rendered it ex- pedient for hnn to • relegate these duties to younger men. He was at the time of his death a revered patriarch of the Simpson Methodist Episcopal church in his liome city. On the 7th of October, 1847, Mr. Bachtel was united in marriage to Miss Lydia M. Welch, of Marlboro to\\aiship, this county, where she was born on the 9th of January, 1826, being a daughter of Samuel and Mar- guerite Welch, one of the first settlers in that section. Of this union were born six children, concerning whom Ave enter the following brief record: Malissa Jane, who was born August 30, 1848, died on the 2d of April, 1851. Oli- ver S., who was born Octol)er 18, 1849, is a prominent clergyman of the Methodist Epis- copal church and is now serving his twelfth successive year as presiding elder of the Man- chester district in the state of New Hampshire. Lewis M. is engaged in the lumber business in Canton. Fie was bom Fel:)ruary 5. 1851. .\lonzo C. was torn May 5. 1855, and is now a wholesale merchant in Akron, Ohio. Charles- H. was born April 12. 1857, and he died in Greenville, Pennsvlvania, on the 28th of De- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 6ii cember, 1894. Orlando H. was born Novem- ber 9, 1858, and resides in Canton,, being en- gaged in the lumber business. The devoted wife and mother was summoned into eternal rest on the 6th of March. 1861, having been a most faithful member of the Methodist Epis- copal church, and her remains rest in West- lawn cemetery, this having been the first inter- ment of a mature person in that now beautiful "God's acre." On the ist of April, 1862, Mr. Bachtel was united m marriage to Miss Mary Ann Nelson, who was born in Plain town- ship, being a daughter of George and Bar- bara (Plarry) Nelson, honored pioneers of Stark county, whither Mr. Nelson came from a point on the line between Pennsylvania and Maryland. Mrs. Bachtel was born on the i8th of Fel)ruary. 1836, and she bore her husr band four children, namely: Mary Ellen, who was i)orn on the 23d of June. 1863, and who is now the wife O'f Edward Rauch, of Council Bluffs, Iowa ; Jennie was born January 29, 1866, and still remains at the parental home, as does also Martha May, who was bom May I. 1867; Nelson K., who was born May 28, 1 871. died on the 2d of the following September. li ARTHUR U. BORDNER, of Canton, is a descendant of two of the oldest families that came to Stark county in a very early day and for many years were actively identified with the history of the communities in which they settled. His paternal ancestors were Penn- sylvanians, the first of the family to come to Stark county being his grandfather, Philip Borrlner, who after living here for a num- ber of years, removed to Dckall) county. Indiana, where his death occurred about 1854. David F. Bordner, son of Philip and father of the subject of this sketch, was born in Wayne county. Ohio, anrl was about sixteen years old when his parents moved to the county of De- kalb, Indiana. He grew to maturity on a farm, and, when a young man, married Miss Susan Younkman, wdiose antecedents, as al- ready indicated, were among the early comers to this part of the state. The Younkman family is of German origin and its first repre- sentative in this country was Mrs. Bordner's grandfather, Jacob Younkman, who left the fatherland many years ago and came to Stark county, Ohio, in about 1809, and settled in Bethlehem township, where he spent the re- mainder of In's life. Among his children was a son by the name of Daniel, who became a successful farmer and leading citizen of Beth- lehem township. He married and reared a family and departed this life on the home place in Bethlehem in 1896, at the ripe old age of eighty-two years, leaving a widow, Nancy, who is still living, in her eighty-ninth year. Daniel and Nancy Younkmrui were the parents of Mrs. David F. Bordner, who with her hus- band is living on the homestead in Bethlehem township, the family being widely known and greatly respected l)y the people in that part of the county and elsewhere. Arthur U. Bordner, son of David F. and .Susan Bordner, was born July 12, 1865. in Bethlehem township, Stark countv. He was the second of a family of five: Emma, who married John Hiple; subject; Ella married Ezra Albaugh ; Frank ; Clara, married John Zutavern. The sul)ject spent his early years under the healthful discipline of the farm, attending meanwhile the ])ublic schools in wh.ich he received his elementary education. Later he pursued the lu'gher branches of learn- ing in select schools and in due time wa=; suf- ficiently advanced to teach, which profession he followed of winter seasons for several years, devoting the summer months to study in various educational institutions, among which were the school at Sparta and the Ohio Normal ITnivcrsitv at Afla. l\[r. Bordner took a full classical coiu'se in the latter institution. 6l2 OLD LANDMARKS completing the same in 1896 and immediately thereafter entered the law department, from which he was graduated one year later. Mr. Bordner was twenty-seven years old when he left home to make his own way in the world and his age and experience enabled him to enter upon his life work with a full appreci- ation of its responsibilities and with well- grounded assurance of ultimate success. By thorough mental discipline and careful pro- fessional training he was well equipped for the law .and after his admission to the bar in 1898 it was not long until his legal ability be- gan to be recognized, as the lucrative practice which came to him within a few months abundantly attests. Opening an office in Can- ton and entering a field made famous by many eminent men in the past and by a formidable array of distinguished legal talent at the time, he freely realized the difficulties in his way and with an energy born of a determination to succeed set himself manfully to work to re- move them and to gain jf possible recognitioi\ as an aspirant for professional honors. From a modest beginning his practice has steadily grown in volume until he now has a lucrative business and his name has appeared in con- nection with many cases tried in the courts of Stark county since his admission to the bar. He easily ranks with the ablest of the younger and rising lawyers of Canton, being regarded as a safe, reliable counselor and he is thoroughly skilled in the devious arts of prac- tice. Politically Mr. Bordner is stanchly Demo- cratic and he wields a strong influence for the party in local and state affairs and upon national issues. In matters religious, he sub- scribes to the creed of the United Brethren church, being a worthy member and liberal supporter of the congregation worshiping in the city of his residence. In the year 1898, Mr. Bordner and Miss Belle Parks, of Bethle- hem township, this county, daughter of James C. and Elizabeth (Evans) Parks, were united in the bonds of wedlock, the marriage being blessed with one child, a son who bears tlie name of Harold. Mr. and Mrs. Bordner have a pleasant home and are well known in the social circles of Canton. THEODORE JOSEPH PHILLIPS was born in the family homestead, on Plum street (now North McKinley avenue) in the city of Canton, on the 2d of March, 1859, being a son of Adam Phillips, one of the honored pioneer farmers of the county, to whom individual reference is made on other pages of this work, so that a recapitulation of the family history is not required at this point. Dr. Phillips re- ceived his preliminary educational discipline in the parochial school of St. Peter's church, which he attended until he attained the age of twelve years, and he then entered tiie Can- ton high school, in which he was a student up to the age of eighteen years, having duly profited by the advantages afforded him. After leaving school he assisted his father in the work of the homestead farm, in Canton township, while he also lent his aid in con- nection with the operation of the coal bank, stone quarry and lime kiln owned by his father, this quarry and kiln having at one time supplied all the lime and cement used for build- ing purposes in this locality. He remained with his father until he was twenty-three 3'ears of age, at which time he secured a po- sition as shipping clerk in the wholesale grocery of B. Dannemilier & Sons, in Canton, and while thus engaged he l^egan the study of dentistry under the direction of Dr. G. R. Ball, now deceased, with whom he remained two years, while he was later matriculated in the Ohio Dental College, at Cincinnati, where he completed the prescril:)ed course and was grad- uated as a member of the class of 1873, com- ing forth eminently qualified for all portions CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 613 of the work of his chosen profession. He initiated the active practice of his profession in the village of Minerva, this county, where he remained one year, at the expiration of which he came to Canton, in April, 1884, and opened an office at the corner of Walnut and East Tuscarawas streets, on the second floor of what is now the Globe clothing store, where he remained until April, 1885, when he re- moved to his present finely equipped offices at 130 East Tuscarawas street, where he has since been established in practice. For the past three years he has had as an assistant his brother Victor A., who has taken two courses of study in the technical line of dental surgery and laboratory work, one term having been passed in the dental department of the Western Reserve College, in the city of Cleveland, while he completed his second course in the Ohio Dental College, in the city of Cincinnati, where he will graduate as a member of the class of 1904. Tn so far as state and national issues are involved, Dr. Phillips accords his support to the Democratic party, but in local affairs he maintains an independent attitude. He is a communicant of the Catholic church, as is also his wife, and he originally held member- ship in St. Peter's church, but transferred to St. John's parish, by reason of the fact that Mrs. Phillips is not familiar with the German language, which is utilized at St. Peter's. The Doctor is a member of the Lake Side Gun Club ; the Knights of St. John, of which he was commander for three years ; and the Knights of Columbus. On the 24th of September. 1890. in the city of Cincinnati, was solemnized the mar- riage of Dr. Phillips to Misg Mary Bui-ke, who was born in Louisville, Kentucky, being a daughter of Thomas E. and Rosanna Burke, both of whom were born in Ireland, whence he came to the United States about the year 1842, and she in 1850. They now reside in the city of Cincinnati. To the subject and his wife have been born th following children : Edgar R., born March 18, 1892; Mary Augusta, born February 24, 1897, and Theodore J., Jr., born January 7, 1901. JOHN S. WALLACE was born on the pioneer homestead in Columbiana county, Ohio, on the 19th of March, 1821, being a son of William and Elizabeth (Mall) Wallace, of whose twelve children only four are living at the present time, namely: Rachel, who is the widow of Hiram Burns and who resides in Co- lumbiana county ; John S., who is the imme- diate subject of this review ; Sarah A., who is the wife of Samuel Shehan, of Homesworth, Columbiana county; and Elizabeth, who is the wife of George Stroup, of Portage county, this state. William Wallace was a native of the state of New Jersey, where he was born about the year 1780, the original American ancestors having emigrated from England to this country in the colonial epoch, and the family having early been established in the old commonwealth of New Jersey. William Wallace was there reared to maturity and there learned the trade , of wheelwright, while in that state was solem- nized his marriage to Elizabeth Mall, who was likewise a member of one of the old and hon- ored families of New Jersey. Li the year 1812, after the birth of their first child, they emi- grated to Ohio and took up their abode in the midst of the forest wilds of Butler township, Columbiana county, where Mr. Wallace ef- fected a lease of a tract of heavily timbered land, on which he erected a primitive log cabin, in which were duly established his Lares and Penates, while he then set to himself the hercu- lean task of reclaiming the land to the uses of cultivation. He remained in that county until 1840, and with the exception of an interval of about four years passed in the vicinity of Salem, that county, maintained his residence during 6i4 OLD LANDMARKS the entire period in Butler township. In the year 1840 he came with his family to Stark county, the subject of this sketch being at the time al:)out nineteen years of age, and in Wash- ington township he purchased twenty acres of land, which he improved and made into a good home, and there he resided until his death, at the age of seventy-seven years, his loved and devoted wife having preceded him into the life eternal by several years, passing away at the age of fifty-six. He was a Democrat in his political adherency and both he and his wife held membership in the Baptist church, in har- mony with whose faith they guided and gov- erned their worthy and useful lives, whose an- nals were plain and simple and yet indicative of true strength and nobility of character, so that they left the priceless heritage ever implied in a good name. John S. Wallace was reared under the in- fluences and meager advantages of the old pio- neer farm in Columbiana county, and such were the exigencies of time and place that he secured very limited educational privileges in his youth, though he waxed st^^ng in mental and physical vigor under the discipline \\hich came to his portion. As opportunity presented, he trudged his way to the little log school house, and ranged himself with other lx)ys of the pioneer farmers on the rude slab benches which served as seats, while the rough floor was made of puncheons and light was secured through win- dows covered with oiled paper in lieu of glass. To be "graduated" in such an "institution of learning" Avould seem a most insignificant thing to the average boy and girl of to-day, but from these little schools issued some of the strongest and most brilliant characters our nation has known, for character force is e\'er centrifugal and it is mastery not advantages that make the man. Upon attaining his legal majority, the family having in the meanwhile come to Stark county, as noted, Mr. Wallace left the parental roof and initiated his independent career. His ambitions led him to no pretentious or impos- sible efforts and he was ready -to make use of such opportunities as presented, and thus we find him employed in clearing land, chopping wood and making rails, while other work of similar order was taken in hand with equal vigor and fidelity. On the 9th of January, 1844, he assumed a new attitude toward the world by taking a course of action which he maintains is one which has been the source of his greatest happiness along the pathway of life and the conservator of such success as has fallen to his share in temporal affairs. On that date he was united in marriage to Miss Eliza Towns, who was born in Washington township, whither her father came from Pennsylvania as one of the very earliest settlers in the township, so that the name of John Towns merits a place on the roll of Stark county's noble band of pioneers. After his marriage Mr. Wallace purchased a tract of twenty acres of wild land one-half mile west of his present home, in Washington township, the same being still covered with its native growth of timber. He made a clearing and erected a little log cabin of the customary pioneer type, and then grappled with the forest primeval, as had his father done in Columbiana county many years previously. He continued to reside on this little farm initil 1850, when he sold the property, upon which he had eft'ected no few improvements during the intervening five years, which were filled with arduous and consecutive toil, and he then effected the piu'- chase of forty acres, one-half mile south of the old place, the new farm being partially cleared and being at the time equipped with a log house. Ten years later he bought forty acres lying con- tiguous on the north, and after erecting a larger and more pretentious dwelling, a frame struc- ture, on this place he removed to the same, while later he purchased another forty acres, thus making his farm one of one hundred and twentv acres, all in one bodv. Still later lie CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 615 purchased sixt_\ -five acres on tlie opposite side of the road, and he still retains possession of the two places. With the flight oi years he brought his land under most effective cultiva- tion, made good improvements of a permanent order and earnestly and intelligently directed his farming operations, so that his success, won entirely by himself, was cumulative in charac- ter, as Avas manifest in his successive ptirchases of additional land, hy which means he extended the scope of iiis operations. In 1891 he pur- chased eighteen and three-fourths acres of land where he now lives, on the New Franklin road, the little place being equipped with a commo- dious and attractive house and good barn, and he forthwith removed to this new home, leav- ing his son William in charge of the homestead place. He has since been retired from actix'e labor, save as he employs himself about his fine gardens and lawns, and is enjoying the fruits of his many years of indefatigable toil and endeavor. He has had his full quota of the experiences of pioneer life and has witnessed and aided in the marvelous transitions which have been brought aljout in this now opulent and favored section of the Buckeye state, and he can look back with satisfaction on the labors and even the deprivations and hardships of the days tliat have dropped into the abyss of time, for the glamour of reminiscence rests gently over the past and he can well appreciate the manifold blessings which attend him and his loved companion as the golden shadows of their lives begin to lengthen out where the "sunset gates are open wide, far out in the crimson west." He and his wife are devoted members of the United Brethren church, with which they ha\-e been identified for many years, while he has been a stanch supporter of the Democratic party and was an uncom- promising abolitionist during the crucial epoch leading up to the war of the Rebellion. He and his wife are today loved and rexered as venerable pioneers, and the esteem and good will of the entire commun- ity is theirs. In a reminiscent way Mr. Wallace recalls the fact that the first pair of boots which he ever had became his prized treasure when he was twenty-one years of age, the same hav- ing been purchased with money which he had earned himself, while he also recalls the time when three days' work were required to earn the price of a bushel of wheat, while muslin sold for fifty cents per yard. In conclusion we enter brief record con- cerning the eight children who have blessed the union of this honored couple: Hiram B. is a resident of Freeburg, Washington township, where he is engaged in farming; Lydia A. is the wife of Amos Byers, a successful farmer of this township ; William has charg^e of the paren- tal homestead, as previously noted; Albert and Alva are twins, and both are residents of the city of Alliance, this county, where they are engaged in mercantile Ixisiness and a buggy shop, respectively; Ner is engaged in farming in (,'olumbiana county ; Mary Jane is the widow of Jackson Unkerfare, and resides in Washing- ton township; Elizabeth is the wife of Frank Berea, who is engaged in the Pennsylvania freight house in the city of Canton ; Elizabeth, wife of George Stroup, of Atwater, Ohio, and a farmer. ♦-•-* ADAM J. MERLEY.— One of the import- ant industrial enterprises of Stark county is that conducted by the National Fire Proofing Company, at Osnaburg, and of the same the subject of this review holds the responsible po- sition of superintendent, while he is known as one of the able and progressi\-e young business men of his native county and as one thoroughly skilleil in the management of the enterprise which is thus placed in his charge. Adam J. Merley was born in the village of I.ouis\'ille, Stark county, Ohio, on the 9th of April, 187^, and was there reared to the age- 6i6 OLD LANDMARKS of twelve years, having received his early edu- cational discipline in its public schools, and thereafter, the family removing to the city of Canton, he here continued his studies in the public schools until he had attained the age of fourteen years, when he assumed the practical responsibilities of life by identifying himself with the line of industry with which he has been actively concerned. He has been for fif- teen years engaged in the operation of clay- industries, being employed in various capaci- ties and thus gaining an intimate and compre- hensive knowledge of the details of the busi- ness. In 1899 he ^'^'ss called to his present posi- tion as superintendent of the plant of the Na- tional Fire Proofing Company at Osnaburg. this being one of the most extensive enterprises of the sort in the state, and he has since contin- ued to give faithful and effective service in this oflice, while through his discriminating efforts the business of the company has been materially increased in scope and importance, having in- creased the business to more than treble the capacity of the plant in 1899. Tn politics Mr. Merley has given a stanch allegiance to the Democratic party from the time of attaining his legal majority, having cast liis first presidential vote in support of William J. Bryan, and he takes an active and intelligent interest in the party affairs. He was reared in the faith of the Catholic church, of which his parents, Nicholas and Mary Ann Merley, are communicants. They now reside in Canton. On the 18th of July, 1899, Mr. Merley was united in marriage to Miss Nancy Heilman. daughter of Henry and Caroline Heilman, who are residents of Osnaburg, and the subject and his wife have a pleasant home in the village, where their friends are manv. GEORGE KNOLL.— This now venerable and most respected resident of Washington township. Stark county, Ohio, is a native of Dauphin county, Pennsylvania, and had his nati\'ity August 14, 1828, and of the six chil- dren-born to his parents he is the only sur- vivor. John and Catherine (Brill) Knoll came from Pennslyvania where John, the fa- ther of the gentleman whose name opens this sketch, was reared a blacksmith, a trade which he followed until he became a farmer, which calling he found to be much more profitable and followed until his death, about 1846, in middle life, his widow surviving him about twelve years. In politics John Knoll had been a ^Vhig. George Knoll was educated in the frontier log school-house of his early youth, and at the death of his father began working out for the neighboring farmers, receiving the first year eight dollars per month as his compensation, the second year nine dollars, and then, for the following eighteen months, ten dollars and fifty cents per month, which he considered to be A'ery good wages. November 22. 1853, George Knoll mar- ried Miss Elizabeth Shearer, in Dauphin coun- ty, Pennsylvania, and in April, 1854, brought his bride to Stark county, Ohio, and after a stay with a brother-in-law in Maximo until the fall following, he purchased a farm of forty acres, which but recently he sold to his son-in-law, Theodore Scott. Here Mr. Knoll increased the size of his farm to eighty acres, and after selling it purchased another of sixty- five acres, in Washington township, which he later sold to his son, Wesley, but occupied it liimself until 1893 or 1894, when he erected his present mansion on a portion he had re- served for that purpose, and in 1902 sold the entire home place with the exception of twenty acres and his new dwelling. To George and Elizabeth (Shearer) Knoll have been born five children, in the following order : ]\Iary went as a missionary to South America and there passed away; Wesley, of whom a full life record will be found on an- \ MR. AND MRS. GEORGE KNOLL. MARY KNOLL. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 617 other page of tliis volume; G. Lawrence, who resides in Flomeworth, Cokimbiana county, Ohio ; Earnest, of this township, and Minnie, wife of Theodore Scott, also of this township. Mr. and Mrs. Knoll are members of the United Brethren church, in which Mr. Knoll is a class leader, and has filled the \arious church offices at difterent times for many years. In politics Mr. Knoll is a Republican and for a long time was a member of the school board, and for several years was township trustee. George Knoll began life a poor boy, but by industry, frugality and the exercise of strict in- tegrity,- has succeeded in placing- himself in affiuent circumstances and in achieving for himself and family positions in the social cir- cles of Washington township that are justly enviable, as they are such any family might be proud of. About 1863 Mr. Knoll was drafted into the United States service from Washington township and was assigned to one of the active companies of the Civil war, but before going he met with a foreigner with whom he made arrangements and sent him as a substitute, he going through the war, being shot through the neck, causing him to nearly bleed to death and after several promotions with honors and at the close of the war he returned home and is now residing in the vicinity of Grantown, Ohio. Mary Knoll, the oldest child of Mr. and Mrs. Knoll, was from childhood a very de- voted child and young woman, being ever de- voted to tlie church, the bible and her family and for a greater cause, that of humanity. She, after completing her schooling, for a number of years taught in the schools of her vicinity and also took active part in all religious works of her church, and after corresponding with the bishop she finally decided to put into action her life's desire and become a missionary. She was duly appointed and bade farewell to her parents and friends, never to see them again, and took up this grand work in the South American republics, where she worked devot- edly, defying the terrible diseases of that cli- mate for about two years, but the Great Cre- ator finally took her to her great reward. She was honored and loved by all. Having made friends with many, she still lives in their thoughts with a reverence unsurpassed. The following excerpts are from the Religious Tel- escope of June 27, 1888, and bear beautiful reference to Mary Knoll : During the suranier of 1885 a field opened, the flesh yielded, and Mary said : "Lord, here am I, send me." At Rrst her parents thought they could not con- sent to it, for they feared that delicate nature of Mary's could not endure the strain upon her weak constitu- tion. But they took it to the Lord and He settled it for them, whereupon preparation immediately began for going to South America, the chosen field. The great question of her life is settled ; the unhappy days have gone ; the struggle is over, and her feelings were thus expressed : "The great transaction's done; ! am my Lord's, and He is mine." Think of her trip for a moment. By the aid of Richard Grant, missionary treasurer of the Methodist Episcopal foreign work, she embarks from New York harbor on the American steamer "Acapulpo" for Aspin- wall ; thence by rail to Panama ; thence on the British "Ilo" for Callao, and from there on the Spanish "Mai- po" to Coquimbo, after Ihat to Valparaiso, and then four hundred miles overland by railway to Conception, Chili, South America, where she arrived in January, 1886, Before reaching Aspinwall she suffered severely from sea sickness. But she seems to have had the best of care, for she said : "The Lord has been more than a mother to nie." It is quite refreshing to catch a glimmering of the purposes of so pure a spirit and one so self-sacrificing as was hers. From three different letters I quote : "I have no time to look into the future and wonder what will become of me to-morrow." "I want to learn the language ("the Spanish") and spend the rest of my working days at least in Chili." "I want to do good school work and do it all with such a loving spirit that Jesus will bless it to the conversion of many souls even after ] am gone." From this it will be seen that life which seemed a divination had purposes which were and could only be born from heights supernal. A year ago she wrote : "I have as yet had no long- ing for the home I left behind, but sometimes find a 6i8 OLD LANDMARKS strange looking forward for my home beyond the seas. How much of happiness I always promised myself, and now I find it in a far-away, distant land. God tells me so in the strange drawing I have toward you. But 'soon we'll reach the shining river.' O, how happy we shall be when we get home to our Father's house." About the close of the year 1887 she said: "I think much more of heaven than I used to, for it seems nearer to us when our friends are far away." In one of her letters she gives this beautiful and expressive verse : "I have flung myself recklessly out, Like a chip on the stream of the Infinite Will ; I pass the rocks with a smile and a shout, And I just let my God His purpose fulfill." In a beautiful Protestant cemetery, just without Conception, on the igtli day of February, 18S8, was de- posited all that was mortal of Mary. Early the morn- ing before Jesus had come and borne her spirit home. Though you cannot visit the grave, or plant a flower, or breathe a prayer, or drop a tear o'er the grave of l\Iary. yet weep not, for that loving, gentle. Christ- like spirit is at rest and all is well. JOSEPPi OYSTER.— In an analyzation of the character of Joseph Oyster are found the qualities of an upright manhood, — loyalty in citizenship, reliability in business, conscientious- ness in the discharge of the duties of life, and inflexibility in integrity, — and these at- tributes naturally command to him the respect and confidence of all who know him. Joseph Oyster is a native son of Ohio, hav- ing been born on a farm in Mahoning county, not far distant from the city of Alliance, Stark county, on the 13th of January, 1838, and be- ing a son of Samuel and Barbara (Keller) Oyster. To this worthy couple were' born eighteen children, and of the number only five are living at the present time, narnely: Jacob, Avho is a resident of Alliance, this county; Cyrus, who likewise resides in that city, as does also Solomon; Joseph, the immediate subject of this review, and Michael, who resides in the village of Louisville, this county. Samuel Oyster was born in Pennsylvania, being- of stanch German ancestry, and there he was reared to maturity, learning the trade of black- smith in his youth. As a young man he came to Ohio and took up a tract of government land in Mahoning county, just east of the city of Alliance, which is located in Stark county, near the line which divides the two counties, and there he erected a log house and also a shop of similiar architectural pretentiousness, and there engaged in the work of his trade, finding a ready demand for his services, as he was a skilled artisan in the line. He continued to be actively engaged in this sturdy occupation un- til he had attained the age of sixty-three years, leaving the work of the farm largely to the care of his sons. He became the owner of about a thousand acres of land, a portion of this being in the state of Iowa, and he was known as one of the worthy and influential men of this section of Ohio, being honored by all who knew him. He died at the age of sixty-three years, on the old homestead where he located in the pioneer epoch. He devoted much attention to the raising of live stock, and was successful in his eflrorts, having the able assistance of his sons, who were eleven in number. In politics he was a stanch supporter of the \\'hig party, and his religious faith was that of the Re- formed church, of whicii his wife also was a devoted member, her death occurring about 183S, while he survived her by about eight years. After her death he consummated a sec- ond marriage, being united to a Mrs. Horn, no children being born of this union. Joseph Oyster, the immediate subject of this sketch, was but a boy at the time of his father's death, and he was then taken into the home of his sister, Mrs. Polly Cobbs, where he was reared to the age of seventeen years, hav- ing grown up under the sturdy discipline of the farm and received such educational advantages as were afforded by the district schools. At the age noted he entered the employ of his brother Moses, who was engaged in farming near Al- liance, and there he remained until he had at- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 619 tained his legal majority, which event he cele- brated by taking unto himself a wife, and he then purchased a farm of ninety acres, just east of Alliance, in Mahoning county, and there he continued to reside for about a decade, working assiduous])' in the improvement and cultivation of his farm and meeting with a due measure of success. At the expiration of this period he disposed of his farm and came to Stark county, where he purchased his present fine farm of one lumdred and ninety-three acres, in section 27, Nimishillen township, and here he has made the best of improvements and has de- veloped one of the finest farm properties to be found in this section of the state. A portion of his farm lies within the corporate limits of the village of Louisville, and in the spring of 1901 he erected a residence on this portion of his place and is now living in the village, practically retired from the active labors of life and enjoy- ing that repose and comfort to which he is justly entitled after his years of earnest toil and endeavor. He has attained a reputation as one of the model farmers of this section, and his farm gives every evidence of thrift and prosperity. In his political adherency Mr. Oyster is stanchly arrayed in support of the Re- publican party and its principles, and he takes a deep and intelligent interest in the issues and questions of the day, being a man of mature judgment and fine intellectual powers. He and his wife are both zealous members of the Re- formed church. On the 17th of June, 1855, Mr. Oyster was united in marriage to Miss Mary A. Aldiver, who was born in Montgomery county, Pennsyl- vania, being a daughter of John Aldiver, who came from the old Iveystone state to Mahoning county, Ohio, about 1842, and here passed the majority of his life, later moving to Marshall county, Indiana, having been one of the success- ful and honored farmers of that section. Of the ten children of Mr. and Mrs. Oyster the following is a brief record : Harriet is the wife of John Longanecker, of Nimishillen township; Loretta is the wife of Jacob Stoner, of Indiana; Francis M. has charge of the old homestead farm; Isabella, who is deceased, was the wife of Louis Turner; Amos is a resident of Frieburg, Washington township ; Isaiah resides in Har- risburg, this county; Jesse J. and Ulysses S. remain at the parental home; Fremont E. is engaged in farming in Nimishillen township, and Granville remains at the parental home. JACOB KNOLL comes of stanch German ancestry in botii the paternal and maternal lines, and the name has long been identified with the annals of American history, the original pro- genitor in the new world having been Abraham Knoll, the great-grandfather of the subject, who was born and reared in Hesse-Darmstadt. Germany, whence he emigrated to America and took up his residence in the state of Pennsyl- vania, where he passed the remainder of his life. Jacob Knoll was born in Dauphin county. Pennsylvania, on the 26th of February, 1847. being a son of Jacob B. and Eliza (Aldinger) Knoll, of whose six children five lived to years of maturity, while only three survive at the present time. Of the children we enter the fol- lowing record : Catherine became the wife of David Powell and died in Marshall county, In- diana, in 1899; Henry died in 1879, at the age of thirty-seven years; Elizabeth is the wife of Lemuel Keys, of Atwater, Portage county, this state; Jacob is the immediate subject of this sketch ; and Sarah is the wife of Stephen Schell, of Louisville, this county. Jacob B. Knoll was liorn in Lancaster coun- ty, Pennsylvania, on the 12th of March, 1814, being a son of John and Catherine (Brill) Knoll, who removed to Dauphin county, that state, when he was but one year of age. He was there reared to maturity, and there in his youth learned the carpenter trade, to which he 620 OLD LANDMARKS devoted his attention for about fifteen years in that county. On the 28th of December, 1837, he was united in marriage to Miss Louise Al- dinger, who \vas born in Germany, whence her father, Cliristian Aldinger, 'came to America when she was al^out five years of age, tlie fam- ily locating in Pennsylvania, where she was reared and where her marriage was solemnized. She was born in Wurtemburg, Germany, on the 26th of July, 1812, and she and her husband walked side by side di:>\\n the pathway of life for more than half a century, while in death they were not long divided, he having passed away on the 14th of October, 1892, while she died on the i 5th of December of the following year. Of their early married life another pub- lication has spoken pertinently in the following words : "They did not commence their married life with the many comforts which they en- joyed in their later years. During the first year after marriage they resided in an old double log cabin, one-half of which was occu- pied by another family, paying twelve dollars a month for their rude home. In the fall of 1838 he bought an old log house, with three acres of ground, for three hundred dollars, and had one-third of this sum raised by the next April, this amount being obtained by hard labor during the winter chopping cord-wcod in the forest at t\venty-five cents per cord, and board- ing himself: although it was extremely cold at the time he never started a fire in the woods, but worked many a time when it was so cold he could not cut the l)read prepared for his dinner, but was compelled to slice it off with the ax. During some six winters he cut about one thousand cords. About the time he was mar- ried the crops had been destroyed by grass- hoppers, and for the first three bushels of wheat he purchased he was compelled to pay three dollars a bushel, and one dollar a bushel for corn. In after years he bought a stony little farm of sixty acres, in Dauphin county, which he occupied until he moved to Stark county, in 1853, when he purchased about one hundred and eleven acres of Jacob Kurtz, but later transferred all but forty acres of this farm to his son. He had a competency at the time of his death, but this he obtained by hard labor, receiving only seven hundred dollars from his father's estate." Jacob B. Knoll was a stanch supporter of the Democratic party and at dif- ferent times he was incumbent of the offices of township trustee and supervisor. Jacob Knoll, the immediate subject of this sketch, was reared on the homestead farm and secured such educational discipline as was af- forded in the district schools. In 1871 he was united in marriage to Miss Hannah E. Ander- son, who was born in Knox, Columbiana coun- ty, being a daughter of Joshua and Mary An- derson, and after this important .event in his life Mr. Knoll began farming the home place on shares, thus continuing for ten years, at the expiration of which he rented a farm in Knox township, Columbiana county, and there re- mained two years. He then returned to the home farm of which he purchased seventy acres from his father, and settled down on his own place. Here he continued to be successfully en- gaged in agricultural pursuits until 1899, when he rented his farm and took an extended trip through the western states, for the benefit of his health, which had become much impaired, liaving during the intervening years made his farm one of the best in this section of the coun- ty. In May, 1902, Mr. Knoll purchased the W. C. Ammerman farm, of sixty acres, in section 25, Washington township, and in the following October took up his residence on the place, where he has since maintained his home, his son Hugh having charge'of the old home- stead, which our subject still retains in his possession. In politics he has ever accorded a stanch support to the principles and policies of the Democratic party, but he has never sought the honors or emoluments of public office. He was for several vears a member of the board of CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 62 1 trustees of the Home Insurance Company and is at the present time a memljer of its director- ate. He is a consistent and vahied memljer of the United EvangeHcal cliurch at Freeburg, and his wife belongs to the Presbyterian church of AIHance. Fraternally he is identified with Patrons of Husbandry, being a member of Fairmount Grange No. 1458. Hannah E. (Anderson) Knoll, the wife of the subject's youth, was summoned into eternal rest on the 29th of October, 1890, being sur- vived by her three sons, namely: George Her man, who is a member of the firm of Keys & Knoll, machinists in Homeworth, Columbiana county; Hugh W., who resides on the old honietead farm; and Emory E., who is a photo- graphist in the city of Alliance, this county. On the 1 2th of October, 1892, Mr. Knoll con- summated a second marriage, being then unitea to Miss Anna Fox, -who was born in Washing- ton township, a daughter of David and Jane (Cairns) Fox, the former of whom was born in Columbiana county, this state, and the latter in Scotland. Mr. Fox was for many 3'ears a prominent and influential farmer and stock- grower of ^Vashington township, and did much to improve the grade of stock in this section, while it has been maintained, with slight pos- sibility of dispute, that he was the first to be- come a breeder of Jersey cattle in Stark county. He died in this county January 5, 1896, and his wife is still living making her home in Akron, Ohio. To Mr. and Mrs. Knoll two children were born, but both died in infancy. LEVI SMITH.— The American branch of the Smith family to which the subject be- longs appears to have had its origin in Penn- sylvania, as his great-grandfather, Joseph Smith, was born and reared there and figured conspicuously in the pioneer annals of Franklin county. Many years ago he came into posses- sion of a tract of valuable land in Stark county. Ohio, but did not move to the same, having spent the greater part of his life in Frank- lin county, Pennsylvania, where his body now sleeps the sleep /that knows no wakii-ig. The land in this county which he formerly held is now owned and occupied by his grandson, John Smith, one of the leading agriculturists of Lawrence township. Among the children of Joseph Smith was a son by the name of Samuel, who came to Stark county when twenty-one years old and settled in the township of Lawrence, his ar- rival being about the year 1848. He became one of the leading farmers and large landhold- ers in this part of the state, owning at one time six hundred acres of valuable real estate in Stark county and a tract of one hundred and sixty acres in Michigan. In connection with agricultural pursuits, he also dealt ex- tensively in live stock, not only breeding and raising cattle, but buying and shipping large numbers, a business which returned him large profits. He has always been a successful busi- ness man and a money maker, and still owns in this county lands to the amount of four hun- dred and ten acres, besides large and valuable holdings in the state of Michigan. When a young man Samuel Smith married Miss Mary Ruch, a daughter of Michael Ruch, a native of Germany, and one of Stark county's early pioneers. Mr. Ruch was also successful in the accumulation of wealth and was widely and fa\'orably known throughout the county, hav- ing been foremost in every enterprise for the material welfare of the county in which he lived. After a protracted and useful life, he passed away at Massillon at the advanced age of eighty-two years. Samuel and Mary Smith were the parents of eight children, all of whom survive, the majority living in the county of Stark. The mother, a most excellent lady of beautiful moral character, departed this life in 1869. Levi Smith, son of the above parents, was 622 OLD LANDMARKS born February 9, 1853, in Lawrence township, Stark county, and spent his childhood and youthful years in the parental homestead, meanwhile acquiring a practical education in the district schools. He has always led the life, of a successful tiller of the soil, and since attaining- his majority has prosecuted his chosen calling in Lawrence township, where he now owns a small but finely improved and splendid appointed farm, on which are to be seen some of the best buildings in this part of the county. His dwelling" is modern and well supplied with the conveniences and. accessories conducive to comfort audi content, while his home, representing a capital in excess of two thousand dollars, is one of the largest and best arranged structures in this neighbor- hood. Like his father the subject has also de- voted considerable attention tO' the breeding and I'aising of fine live stock. His cattle and horses iDeing unexcelled by those of any other man in the township of Lawrence. Mr. Smith is a gentleman of fine presence and pleasing- address and deports himself in such manner as to win and retain the high esteem of his neighbors and fellow citizens. His business abilities are far above the aver- age, and the various enterprises in which he has been engaged have invariably inured to his pecuniary advantage, as his independent financial circumstances abundantly attest. He is a member of the Grange or Patrons of Hus- bandr)', and through his efforts the local lodge to which he belongs has become a potential factor of loyal good in the community. Mr. Smith is a single man. having- never seen fit to enter the marriage relation. Charles Smith, a young brother of Levi, and, like the latter, one of the leading farmers of Lawrence township and also an extensive stock dealer and successful .speculator, was born in Stark county. Ohio, February 7, 1866. He was reared to agricultural pursuits and ever since attaining hi? majoritv has carried on farming with a large measure of success, being at this time one of the enterprising and financially well-to-do men of the township in which he resides. Generously endowed with the attributes of mind that never fail to carry to successful conclusion any business under- taking, he has prospered in all of his enter- prises, being especially fortunate in the matter of fine live stock, from the sale of which he adds very materially to the already comfort- able fortune in his possession. Like his brother Levi, he is a Republican, but has little time to devote to political affairs, making every every other consideration subordinate to his large and steadily increasing business inter- ests. Li the year 1893 Charles Smith took to . himself a wife and helpmate in the person of Miss Mary Miller, of Summit county, Ohio, who has borne him four children — Lottie, Harry, Marion and Case. John Smith, another of the sons of Sam- uel and ]\fary Smith, and one of the represent- ative men of Lawrence township, was born not far from his present place of residence on the 20th of October, 1864. His early life, in close touch with nature, was conducive to the development of strong mental and physical powers, and, inheriting from sturdy ancestry the sterling qualities which win success, his life, thus far has been fruitful of such results. He chose agriculture for a vocation and has pur- sued the same with diligence and method, re- ducing his labors to a system which has gone far towards making farming what it should he — a science. Mr. Smith is a resourceful man and prosecutes his every undertaking with a well defined purpose in view. In his political belief lie is a Republican and main- tains the correctness of his opinions by careful study of the leading questions and issues of the day. The marriage of Mr. John Smith and Miss Ida Braucher, of Stark county, was solemnized in the year 1892, and their home has been brightened bv the advent of six chil- III CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 623 dren, whose names in the order of their birth ai'c as follows : Florence, Marie, Sylvia, Rus- sell, Arvine and Martha. VVILLIAJVI FRANKHAM.— The subject of this review is one of the progressive and popular business men of the city of Canton, where he conducts an important and somewhat unique enterprise, being proprietor of the Frankham brass foundry. He came to Canton in the year 1891 to assume charge of the J. H. McLain brass works, being identified with this concern one and one-half years, at the expira- tion of which he engaged in business on his own responsibility, opening a modest estab- lishment in the old flouring mill which stood on tile site of the present power house of the Canton Light, Heat & Power Company, on Seventh street. There he continued operations for eight years, and his ability and good man- agement made his success one of constantly in- creasing order. At the expiration of the period noted he erected his present well equipped plant, at looi East Seventh street, installing his business in these quarters as soon as the building was completed. Mr. Frankham was born in the far-famed manufacturing city of Birmingham, England, the date of his nativity being January 5, 1S54. He is a son of Moses and Harriet (Bishop) Frankham, both of whom passed their entire li\es in England, coming of stanch old English stock. Moses Frankham was a brass worker by trade and vocation and died in Birmingham, where he had long held responsible position, while his father, Samuel, was likewise engaged in the same line of occupation during his active business career, as has been previously inti- mated in this sketch. Our subject received his educational discipline in the public and private schools of his native city, though he was but nine years of age when he assumed individual responsibilities in connection with acti\-e duties of life, then entering upon his apprenticeship at metal-pattern work, under the direction of his father. Thereafter he continued his studies in night schools and at intervals in day schools, thus gaining a good practical education, while he also gained an expert technical knowledge in regard to the branch of mechanic art to which he has ever since devoted his attention. He re- mained with his father until he had attained the age of twenty-one years, when he came to America, believing that the rewards for his labors in his chosen vocation would be greater here and that he might thus the sooner attain a position of independence. It is needless to say that his confidence in his own ability and in the opportunities afiforded has been amply jus- tified. He sailed from Liverpool in October, 1871, and in due time arrived in New York city, whence he proceeded directly to the city of Chicago, which was still smouldering in the ashes of its great fii^e of September of that year. The next day after his arrival in the future metropolis of the west he secured work at his trade, and within the ensuing" three weeks he was made foreman of a factory there. Since that time he has never done a day's work as a journeyman, which fact indicates his abil- ity and the energy which he has thrown into his work, for not many young men from for- eign lands secure so definite preferment within a month after their arrival. In 1882 Mr. Frankham went to the city of Philadelphia, where he was placed in charge of the William S. Cooper Brass Works, one of the leading con- cerns of the sort in the Union. There he con- tinued to be thus engaged until 1891, when he came to Canton, where he has since main- tained his home, his business career here having been already outlined in a preceding paragraph. In politics he is liberal in his views but where national issues are involved he gives his support to the Republican party, of whose generic prin- ciples he is a stanch advocate. He was reared in the Church of England, of wiiich he became 624 OLD LANDMARKS a member, though he is not a communicant. Fraternally he is identified with the Sons of St. George and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. In the city of Chicago, on the 26th of No- vember, 1880, Mr. Frankham was united in marriage to Miss Flora Gleason, who was born in the state of Connecticut, in 1852, being the only child of Charles Gleason, who was killed while in service as a Union soldier in the war of the Rebellion. Mrs. Frankham died, after a very brief illness, on the 26th of November, 1902, and is survived by her only child, Harry, who was born on the 23d of September, 1881, and who is associated with the business of his father. DAVID E. GERBER was born on his present homestead, in Canton township, on the 6th of July, 1834, being a son of Elias and Maria (Richard) Gerber, the former of whom was a native of Pennsylvania and the latter of Switzerland, whence she accompanied her par- ents to America when she was a mere child. Elias Gerber was a son of Christian Gerber, who likewise was a native of the old Keystone state, to which locality the original American progenitor emigrated from Germany, in the pre-Revolutionary epoch. As early as 1810 Christian Gerber removed with his family from Pennsylvania to Stark county, Ohio, where he took up a tract of heavily timbered land in Canton township, the same being about five miles from the present city of the same name, and here he reclaimed a farm and gave his at- tention to its cultivation during the remainder of his active career. He died in this town- ship at the venerable age of eighty-four years. His son Elias, father of the subject, was reared on this pioneer homestead, receiving such edu- cational advantages as were accorded the aver- age farmer youth of the locality and period and contributing to the work of clearing and im- proving the home place. In this township was solemnized his marriage, and he then assumed the practical responsibilities of life, locating on the farm now owned by our subject and eventually becoming one of the substantial farmers of the county, known as a man of impregnable integrity and as a man of excel- lent business judgment, while through his well directed efforts he attained a success which was worthy the name. He was summoned from the scene of his earthly labors in the very prime of his manhood, being but thirty-nine years of age at the time of his death, which oc- curred in 1847. His wife survived him by many years, being summoned into eternal rest in 1892, when eighty- four years of age. The father was a Democrat in politics, and both he and his wife held the faith of the Amish church. They became the parents of six children, con- cerning whom we offer brief record as follows : David E., who is the immediate subject of this review ; Margaret, who is the wife of Abraham Gerber, of Indiana; George, who was killed in the army ; Adeline, who is the wife of Jona- than Byler; Christian, who lives in Canton, and Solomon, wlio lives in Perry township. David E. Gerber, whose name introduces this article, was reared on his present home- stead, whose every field and pasture and wooded glen have thus been familiar to him from the time of his earliest recollection, while in his youth this familiarity was doubly em- phasized by the labors which fell to his portion in connection with the work in these same fields and meadows, but he waxed strong in mind and body under the strenuous and invigorating dis- cipline and has never abated by one jot or tittle his allegiance to the noble art of hus- bandry, to which his entire life has been de- voted, and that with a due measure of attendant success. His finely improved farm comprises one hundred and thirty-one acres, and is under ■ MR. AND MRS. D. E. GERBER. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 625 most effective cultivation, while the buildings are of the best order, including a commodious and attractive residence, which is a favorite re- sort for the family's wide circle of friends. In politics Mr. Gerber has given his sup- port to the Democratic party from the time of attaining- his majority, and he has ever shown a consistent interest in public affairs of a local nature, lending his influence and aid in support of all legitimate undertakings for the pro- motion of the material progress and general welfare of his home township and county. He and his wife have long been zealous and active members of the German Baptist church, con- tributing to the advancement of its spiritual and temporal affairs, while they are well known pioneer citizens and have the highest esteem of all who know them, ever ordering their lives on a high plain of rectitude and integrity and being true and sincere in all the relations of intercourse with their fellow men. In the city of Canton, on the 14th of Oc- tober, 1858, Mr. Gerber was united in marriage to Miss Emeline King, who was born in Penn- sylvania, whence, as a child, she accompanied her parents on their removal to Stark county, where her father was engaged in farming until his death. She was reared and educated in Can- ton township and is, like her husband, a repre- sentative of one of the county's honored pio- neer families. Mr. and Mrs. Gerber became the parents of twelve children, of whom nine lived to attain years of maturity, namely : Clara be- came the wife of John Shanower and died, in Perry township, when twenty-four years of age; Melissa is the wife of William Shanower, of Massiilon; George lives in Massillon; Kate is the wife of Amos Yutze, of Pike township ; John lives in Canton ; Edward is at home ; Nellie is the wife of Charles Miller, of Perry township ; Elva is the wife of Homer Riley, of Canton ; and Jennie remains at the parental home. PETER C. WISE was born in Stark coun- ty, Ohio, August 27, 1846, his parents being George and Susanna (Christ) Wise. The fa- ther was a native of Ohio, but had moved to Stark county with his parents when quite young. The mother was a native of Stark county, having been born in Lake township. Soon after their marriage they located in Holmes county, where they resided for two years, but later they returned to Stark county and settled in Lake township, where they con- tinued to reside on the Christ farm until their deaths. George Wise was born July 6, 18 10, and died January 21, 1893. The date of his wife's birth is January 5, 1824, and she died May 7, 1898. They were the parents of seven children, viz : Christian, Peter C, Adam, Lor- etta. Basil E., Harriet E. and Sadie. In Lake township, on the farm occupied by his parents, Peter C. Wise was reared and grew to manhood. He attended the public schools and through them received a fair common school education, continuing under the parental roof until he was twenty-two years old. He then entered a flouring-mill in Canton for the purpose of learning the trade and remained there until he became thoroughly conversant with the business in every detail, since when he has made that business his life work. In the early 'seventies he took upon himself the man- agement of the Middlebranch flouring mills, la- ter became its owner and has continuously op- erated it since. As stated before, the mill was built, equipped and first operated by Daniel Wise, the grandfather of the present owner of the structure. On the 4th day of July, 1878, Peter C. Wise was united in marriage, in Canton, Oiiio, to Miss Louisa Minser, a native of Stark coun- ty, born June 28, 1855. She was the daughter of Daniel and Martha (Lectors) Min- ser, who were early residents of the county. They settled in Oval City, Plain 39 626 OLD LANDMARKS township, wliere they have since contin- ued to reside. To them tliree children were born, only one of whom, Loretta, still survives, both the other children dying when qnite yonng. In politics Mr. Wise is identified with the Democratic party and has always taken an act- ive interest in j^olitical matters, especially those pertaining to local affairs, though he has never had any craving whatever for political prefer- ment. He and his wife are members of the Progressive Brethren church and are always interested in religious and charitable affairs. He has a good business, which is both profitable and prosperous, and enjoys the confidence and esteem, not only of his patrons, but of all those with whom he comes in contact. ^VILLIAM H. WISE was born on the farm where he now lives in Plain township. Stark county, Ohio, July lO, 1859. His father •was .Alexander M. Wise, a native of Washing- ton county, Pennsylvania, bom in 1834, while liis mother was Phoe1)e C. Wise, born in Plain township, Stark county, Ohio, in 1837. They were married in the city of Canton, Ohio, and settled on the farm now owned and occupied by their son, William H,, which was their home during all of the years of their married .life. Five children were born to their union, viz: Edgar S.. now a resident of Auburn, Indiana; >\'illiam H., the subject of this sketch; Emma J., wife of George Wheatley, resides at Cleve- land: Bertha A., wife of Joseph Lawrence, of West Richfield, Ohio ; Calvin A., who is a resi- dent of Cleveland. Ohio. The mother died on the old hnnic place in 1873, at the age of thirty- si.x years, while her husband survived her some twenty-three years, dying at Greensburg, Ohio, December 26, 1896. when in the sixty-second year of his age. William 11. Wise was born, reared and s:re\v 1(1 nrmluHxl on the farm where he now lives and where he has spent the greater part of his life. *He received a good common school education and, being natm'ally a student and fond of reading, has thereby adtied nuich to his store of knowledge. He is a thorough farmer and the first years of his manhood were devoted to agricultural pursuits. Later he be- came a government employe and spent fifteen years of his life in the service, carrying the mail from Oval City to Middlebranch. Delib- erate and stead}' in disposition, temperate in his habits and ever cauti(Xis and watchful, no employe of the federal go\'ernment could have performed his duties more faithfully. While by no means parsimonious, he is not a lavish spender. Whcit he makes is either expended for something useful or laid by for a time of need. ^Villiam H. Wise is one of those fortu- nate few wh.o rarely find themselves hard up. Their tastes are simple and easily gratified and so the surplus in the treasury is never depleted. February 22, 1882, William H. Wise was united in marriage to Miss Mary E. Essig, a daughter of Solomon and Catharine (\Varst- ler) Essig, old and highly respected residents of Stark county, she having been born on her father's farm in I 'lain township, August 14, i86t. There she was reared and grew to wo- manhood, receiving a good education and learning many lessons of usefulness and profit. Both of Mrs. Wise's parents died on the old homestead, the mother at the age of fifty- eight years, the father in the si.\tv-se\enth year of his age. To Mr. and Mrs. William 1 1. Wise three children have been born. Ruth L"., Harry .\. and Raymond S. In jiolitics William II. Wise is a Democrat and, while broad and liberal in his \iews, he is, nexertheless, active and zealous in the interests of iu's party. He is neither an office-seeker nor an office-holder and has no desire to become either. His indi\idnal interests occupy enough of liis time to drown any ambition that might siiring up in that direction and his income from CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. D27 his splendidly cultivated one-hundred-acre farm in Plain township and other property which he owns as such as to allay any craving he might have for the perquisites which flow from, the public crib. He is a member of the Junior Order of United American Mechanics. Air. and Mrs. Wise have been for many years members of the Brethren church, and both are deeply interested iti the cause of religion and charity, their contributions to each being both regular and generous. Their domestic rela- tions are all that could be desired. They have a comfortable home, sumptuously furnished and well supplied with e\'ery need. BASIL E. WISE, merchant and postmas- ter of Oval City, Stark county, the subject of this sketch, was born in Lake township, May II, 1856. His parents were George and Sus- anna (Christ) Wise,- the former born in Plain township, July 6, 1810, while the latter was bom in Lake township, January 5, 1823. They were married July 18, 1842, in Lake township, and soon thereafter mo\-ed to Holmes county, where the}- resided for two years. They then returned to Stark county, and took up their residence upon the old homestead where they lived up to the time of their deaths, he dying January 21. 1893, '\vhile her death occurred ]\Tay 7. i8q8. To Mr. and Mrs. George Wise nine children were bom, two of whom died in infancy. The others are, Christian, who is a farmer in Plain township; Peter C, proprietor of the ]\ii(ldle Branch Flouring Mills; Adam, who is a farmer of J'lain township; Loretta, who is the wile of John Lilly, of Canton; Ba- sil E., the subject of this sketch; Harriet E., who is the wife of George W. Geib and resides in Lake tnwnship; Sarah E., who is the wife of A. r>. Winnett, of Cleveland, Ohio. On the farm of his father, in Lake town- ship. Basil E. ^Vise was reared and grew to manhr)i-id. Tbe advantages of a good educa- tion were afforded him and, like the thought- ful, persevering youth that he was, he profited by his opportunities. He attended the public schools of Stark county until he was conversant with all of the branches therein taught, and then took the regular course at Mt. Union Col- lege. For two years he was employed as a clerk in a mercantile establishment in Canton, at the end of which time he felt that he was amply qualified to branch out in business for hunself. In 1881 he put in a stock of general merchandise in the little town of Middlebranch and from the very first was gratifyingly suc- cessful. In 1883 he erected a large business house in Middlebranch and stocked it with a full supply of the very latest articles in the dry goods line. For t\\ent\--one years he con- ducted his business in Middlebranch, drawing trade from a wide scope of country and year by year adding to his numerous customers. On the night of April 2, 1902. he met his first great financial disaster. His splendid dry-goods store, together with the great part of its val- uable stock and many adjoining buildings, v.-ere totally destroyed by fire. After the fire ]Mr. Wise took a trip to the Pacific coast, traveling particularly through California, Oregon and Washington. While in the west se\-eral busi- ness propositions were made him, and after returning home he determined to investigate some of these projjositions. an.d with this pur- pose in view he went to Sunnyside. \\'ashing- ton, where he remained over three months. Learning of the great producti\eness of the soil in the Yakima valley, he made large invest- ments in real estate there, including a business l)!ock. A few months after the fire which de- stro}-ed his Ohio property, his wife, Mary J. Wise, was appointed postmistress at Oval City, Ohi(), which position she still retains. She is a very bright and intelligent lady and has taken a deep interest in political matters, especially (hiring the McKinley campaigns. She has also tnkcn an acti\e part in church matters and was 628 OLD LANDMARKS elected by the national conference to several state positions and has frequently been sent as delegate to state conferences of her church. Mr. Wise has now under construction at Oval City a large department store and expects to again engage in the general mercantile business. Although an acknowledged member of the Democratic party, for twelve years Basil E. Wise was postmaster of Oval City, where he also engaged in business and where his efficient and impartial administration of the duties of his office won the sanction and approval of nearly every patron of the place. On March 25, 1883, Basil E. Wise was uni- ted in marriage to Miss Mary Fry, a lady of many accomplishments and splendid intellect and a daughter of William S. and Anna Eliza- beth (Sandoe) Fry, all natives of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. The father died in Can- ton, January 6, 1900, when in his sixty-third year. Mr. Fry was the father of eight children, viz: Mary. Isaac J., Anna C, Sarah, John, Adam, Ada and Lettie. All grew to maturity, are good citizens and worthy members of so- ciety. Mr. and Mrs. Basil E. Wise are the parents of one son, Hugo Paul, who is a youth well worthy of the honorable parentage from when he springs. The real estate holdings of Mr. Wise are not large, but they are valuable. He is the owner of some fifty very desirable town lots and a tract of land comprising some fifty acres adjacent to the city. In connection with his other duties he has for some seventeen years dealt profitably in grain, at Middlebranch. He is the owner of the Middlebranch elevator, a structure that has for years past taken care of more grain than many elevators three times its size. The people of the vicinity have come to lenrn that, after all, much more depends upon the enterprise of the dealer than upon the size of his elevator. He and his good wife are active members and liberal supporters of the Progressive Brethren church and are regular attendants upon its services. They are a most exemplary couple, with enviable domestic relations, each possessed of many noble traits of character which commend them to the respect and esteem of ail who know them. In church work he has held various offices, and also as teacher and superintendent of the Brethren Sunday school. MRS. ELIZABETH SPEELMAN.— As one of the most venerable citizens which Stark county can claim, and as a representative of one of the earliest pioneer families of the coun- ty where she was born, this aged and re- vered lady merits a tribute in this work. She was born on the farm where she now lives, in Plain township, on the 27th of August, 1810, so that on the same relative date in 1903 she will have attained the \'ery advanced age of ninety-three years. She is a daughter of John and Margaret (Swinehart) Palmer,, who were natives of Pennsylvania, to which state they re- turned soon after the birth of the subject of this sketch, but her father died shortly after- ward, and her mother then returned to Stark countv. where she remained for a long term, passing the closing days of her life in Crawford covnity, Ohio. Mrs. Elizabeth (Palmer) Speelman was thus reared in Stark coimty, where she grew up in the home of her paternal grandfather, Christopher Palmer, receiving such educational advantages as were afforded in the primitive schools of the pioneer epoch in this section. With the exception of a period of a few years she has consecutively retained her residence in Plain township. On the 27th of March, 1834. was solemnized her marriage to George Speel- man. who was born in the state of Pennsyl- vania, on the 28th of December, 180Q, and who was a member of one of the pioneer families of Stark county, Ohio, where he was engaged in agricultural pursuits, in Plain township, up CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 629 to the time of his death, which occurred on the .i8th of March, 1S73. Of this uiiion were born eiglit children, two of whom died in in- fancy, while the remaining six lived to attain years of maturity, their names being here en- tered in the order of their birth : Margaret, C'atlierine, V'alentine, Mary Ann, Sarah and Elizabeth. Five of the children are living at the present time. Mrs. Speelman has been a woman of industrious habits and earnest and noble character, and from her youth up has been, since May, 1826, a consistent member of the Lutheran church. In the community where she has passed the greater portion of her excep- tionally long life she is honored and revered by all who know her, while she is signally well preserved for one of her venerable age. JEFFERSON C. ETLING is a native of Ohio, born in Chippewa township, Wayne county, on the 4th of April, 1844. His father, William Etiing, was born in 1815 in Pennsyl- vania, and his mother, who bore the maiden name of Abbie Myers, was born in Washing- ton county, that state, in the year 1821, When about two years old William Etiing was taken -to Wayne county, Ohio, by his parents. John and Catherine (Basinger) Etiing, who settled in the township of Chippewa as early as 181 7, the family being among the first pioneers in that part of the state. \Villiam was reared amid the rugged scenes of pioneer life and when old enough engaged in agricultural pur- suits for himself and continued the same to the end of his days. He accumulated a handsome property, including a fine farm of one hundred and sixty-one acres, and became a man of con- siderable consequence in his community, sei'v- ing for a number of years as township trustee, besides taking an active and prominent part in public affairs in general. He was a Democrat of tlie old Jacksonian school and to some ex- tent a local leader of his party, having been a man of broad intelligence, whose judgment in politics as well as business affairs always com- manded the respect of his fellow citizens. He lived a long and useful life and at its close, in October, 1893, was deeply lamented by the peo]Dle among whom his lot for so many years had been cast. Mrs. Etiing survived her hus- band a little over ten months, departing this life in February, 1893, honored and respected by all who knew her. William and Abbie Etiing reared a family of eight children, all living and the majority of them well settled in life. The childhood and youth of Jefferson C. Etiing were spent on the home farm in the country. He was early taught those lessons of industry and frugality which tend to develop strong character and a high order of citizen- ship. After attending the district schools at intervals during his minority he learned the trade of brick-laying, which with the pursuit of agriculture he has since made his life work. Mr. Etiing became an efficient workman and his skill as a brick mason. is to be seen in the number of buildings which he erected in his own county and throughout the county of Stark. For a number of years he has taken large contracts in various parts of the country and has reaped abundant pecuniary rewards from his labors, being now one of the well-to-do men of the township and county in which he lives. Mr. Etiing came to Stark county in 1882 and at this time owns a fine farm of one hun- dred and ten acres in Lawrence township, his home being one of the neatest and most attrac- tive rural residences in this part of the country. As an agriculturist he is fully up to date, as the fine condition of his well cultivated fields and the general appearance of everything upon the premises abundantly attest. His place be- speaks the home of a man of progressive ideas, the buildings, fences and other improvements being in first class order, while the general neat- ness characteristic of the farm shows the pro- 630 OLD LANDMARKS prietor a man of good taste as well as of an enterprising spirit. In July. 1862, Mr. Etling enli.sted in Com- pany A, One Hundred and Twentieth Ohio \'olunteer Infantry, but in September follow- ing he was transferred to Company G, with which he served with an honorable record for a period of three years. Not long after entering the service his regiment was sent to the front and he experienced all of the realities of war in some of the most noted campaigns of the Re- bellion, taking part in a number of battles, among which \-\ere Chickasaw Heights. De- cember 26, 1862, Arkansas Post, January 11, T863, Thompson's Hill, May i, 1863, Black River, May 17 of the same year, the siege of Vicksburg. where he was under fire almost con- tinuously for forty-seven days, and the siege of Jackson, where eleven days of hard fighting A\ere required to reduce the enemy's works and capture the city. While on board the steamer "City Bell," which plied the Red river, in 1864, Mr. Etling, with others of his command, was captured and for thirteen months thereafter languished in \arious Confederate prisons, suf- fering all the privations and hardships which such a condition imposed. He was paroled at Columljus Jul}- 7. 1865, and in due time re- ceived his discharge, after which he returned home and resumed his trade, which, in connec- tion with farming, he still carries on. Mr. Etling's record as a soldier is one of which any loyal defender of the flag might well feel proud. He discharged his e\'ery duty as became a true patriot, never shrank from a danger, and is now cheered by the consciousness of helping crush the greatest rebellion in the history of the world and bearing no little part in reuniting the coun- try in bonds of permanent union. Mr. Etling's first wife, to whom he was married in December, 1867, was Miss Rei- noehl. who bore him children as follows : Met- tle, Delia and Nellie. Some time after her death he entered the marriage relation with Mary Guidelsperger, of Wayne county, Ohio, a union blessed with one son and one daughter, Frank and Anna. Mr. Etling is a Republican in politics and takes an active interest in the leading questions of the day, on all of which he has well formed and intelligent opinions. Fraternally he belongs to H. Bevard Post No. 540, Grand Army of the Republic, and is also identified with the Masonic order, holding membership with Elliott Lodge at Canal Ful- ton. He is a firm believer in revealed religion, being a faithful and zealous communicant of the Presbyterian church at Canal Fulton, vto which congregation his wife and family also belong. Mr. Etling is an affable gentleman, pleasing in person and address and is held in high esteem by his neighbors and fellow citi- zens. His moral influence in the community is strong and marked and he has long been a potential factor in the social as well as the pub- lic affairs of his township. FREDERICK THOMAS ISLER was born in the picturesque canton of Bern, Switzerland, on the 13th of December. 185 1, being a son of August and Adeline (Gennot) Isler, who were likewise born in that fair lit- tle repulilic, being of old Franco-Swiss stock. Christian Isler, the grandfather of the subject, was likewise born in Switzerland, as was also his wife, and there he was engaged in farming and in the work of his trade, that of shoe- maker. FTe there died in 1859, his wife having preceded him into eternal rest. They became the parents of one son and two daughters, namely: August, father of the subject; Ade- line, who was born in 1814, is still living in Switzerland and is eighty-nine years of age; and Mar}', who was born in 1816, is deceased. August Isler was born in the year 1810, in the little village of Asuel, on the border line between the western portion of canton Bern and Germany, and there he was engaged in ag- QAr:. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 631 ricultural pursnits up to tlie time of his emi- gration to rVmerica. In Bern, in the year 1842, was solemnized liis marriage to AdeHne Gen- not, who was a representative of an old Swiss family of high standing in the community, and both he and his wife became zealous members of the Lutheran Reformed church. The chil- dren of this union were as follows, all having been born in Bern : Adeline, who was born in 1843, died in Canton, Ohio, in 1886, having been the wife of Fritz Shopart; Marie died in early life, before the emigration of the family to the United States; August, who was born in 1848, is a successful farmer of Perry township. Stark county ; Frederick T. is the immediate subject of this memoir; Henry, who was born in 1853, is now a resident of Canton; Charles, who was born in 1855, 'S a resident of Cleve- land, this state; Bertha, who was born in i860, is tlie wife of George Scott, of Perry township, this county; and Arthur, who was born in 1865, resides in Plain township. In the year 1872 August Isler emigrated to the United States, being accompanied by his wife and such of their children as had not pre- viously come to America, the latter of whom they joined in Stark county. He and his sons farmed on shares in the vicinity of Canton for a number of years, and later he purchased a farm in Perry township, where he made his home until his death, in 1883, while his de- voted wife survived until 1897, liotb being laid to rest in Westlawn cemetery, in Canton. Frederick T. Tsler, the immediate subject ot this tribute, came to America in 1870 and settled in Canton with his brother and sister who had previously located here. For the first three years he was employed in the Smith brick yard, and later, with other members of the family, he secured a farm near, the city and they operated the same on shares for a period of two years. He then came to Canton and secured employment in a restaurant conducted by David Olierlv, with whom he remained for nine years, gaining a thorough knowledge o£ the business in all its departments. In 1883 he purchased the restaurant of Martin Engelhart, on Fifth street, where he continued the enter- prise for three years, at the expiration of which he purchased a brick building at the southwest corner of Cherry and Fourth streets, remodel- ing the same and fitting the same up for his restaurant business, and in these attractive and eligible quarters he continued to devote his at- tention to catering to the demands of a repre- sentative and appreciative patronage until within a short interval befr)re his death, which occurred on the 22d of September, 1902, while his mortal remains repose in the beauti- ful cemetery of Westlawn. He was a man of stning mentality and his convictions were ever ably fortified. His political sup])ort was given to the Democratic party, of whose principles he was an ardent advocate, and fraternally he was identified with the French Mutual Aid So- ciety, and other organizations. Prior to his death he had acquired much valuable real estate in Canton, and was known as one of the city's able and honorable business men, while he had a veritable host of friends in Stark county, be- ing well known to its citizens. In the city of Canton, on the 3d of Octo- ber, 1876, Mr. Isler was united in marriage to Miss Selecta Richards, who was born in Perry township, Stark county, being a daughter o£ Adam and Mary Ann (Ryden) Richards, both of whom were born in Pennsylvania, of Ger- man ancestry, and who came from the old Key- stone state to Stark county, where Mr. Richards became an influential farmer of Perry township. Both he and his wife are deceased and their remains rest in the cemetery of St. John's Catholic church, in Canton, both having been o^immunicants of this church, as is also their daughter, Mrs. Isler. Mrs. Isler survives her honored husband and still resides in the attrac- tive family homestead, on the southwest corner of North Cherrv and Fourth streets. Mr. and 632 OLD LANDMARKS Mrs. Isler became the parents of three sons, William H. and Charles W., who are success- fully conducting the restaurant business estab- lished by their father, while they are fully maintaining the high standard of catering serv- ice which the establishment gained under his able management, and Joseph, who died Feb- ruary 23, 1885, aged four months. William H. Isler was born in Canton, on > the 23d of November,, 1878, and was here reared and educated.^ On the 23d of Novem- ber, 1899, he was united in marriage to Miss Ida White, of this city, a daughter of B. C. White, a well-known citizen of Massillon and of English ancestry, and they have one son, Howard. Charles W. Isler was born in Canton, on the i8th of October, 1881, and is associated with his brother in business, as before noted, while both are recognized as progressive and energetic young business men and enjoy marked popularity in the city which has ever been their home. On the 22d of July, i.go2, Charles W. Isler was united in marriage to Miss Lillian Dorothy Heisig. daughter of Christian and Cath- erine (Lung) Heisig, of this city. Both brothers give their allegiance to the Demo- cratic party and their religious faith is that of St. lohn's church. H. W. LYTLE.— The name Lytle is a link in the chain that connects the present day with a time long past, as it has been well and favor- ably known in Stark county ever since this part of the state was looked upon as the western verge of civilization. As early as the year 181 7 the subject's grandfather, Andrew Lytle, a na- tive of Pennsylvania, penetrated the wilderness of eastern Ohio and entered land in what is now Lawrence toAvnship, Stark county, where in due time he laid the foundation of what after- wards proved to be a substantial home. He was one of the rugged, strong-armed, firm- willed pioneers of the old time, bore his part in clearing and developing the country and be- came one of the prosperous farmers and enter- prising citizens of the community which he as- sisted to establish. His wife, whose maiden name was Jane Preston, was also of Pennsyl- vania birth and several of his children were likewise born in that state. Andrew and Jane Lytle reared their sons and daughters to man- hood and womanhood and finished their earth- ly labors many years ago, the former dying where thei family originally settled and the latter in Lee county, Illinois. They had eleven children, four sons serving with distinction in the late Rebellion, one of them being killed in the battle of Lookout Mountain, Tennessee. Among their children was a son who also went by the name of Andrew. He was Ixirn in Pennsylvania, accompanied his parents to Stark county when young and here grew to ma- turity. In early life he learned the carpenter's trade, but later devoted his attention principally to agricultural pursuits and stock raising. He became possessor of a good farm in this coun- ty on which he lived and prospered for a num- ber of years, deriving the greater part of his incoine from the sale of sheep and wool, having been one of the largest sheep raisers in this part of the country. At one time he moved to Illinois, but did not long remain in that state, soon returning to his home in Stark county, \\here his death occurred in 1894 at the age of seventy-nine years. He was an active worker in the old Whig party in early life, but later be- came a staunch Republican and as such con- tinued to the end of his days. He was a good neighbor, a loyal friend and a most reputable citizen and enjoyed in a marked degree the confidence and esteem of the people of his com- munity. Before her marriage the wife of An- drew Lytle. Jr., was Miss Elizabeth Richey, a native of Stark county. Her parents, John and Nellie (Mickson) Richey, were born, reared CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 633 and married in Pennsylvania, but about the vear 181 7 left that state and journeyed west- ward as far as Stark county, Ohio, settling in what is now Lawrence township, with the pio- neer history of which they were prominently identified. Mrs. Lytle bore her husband four children and departed this life on the 9th of April, 1889. Two of the sons of Andrew and Elizabeth Lytle are living, viz : Lee H., a sketch of whom appears in this review, and H. W., under whose name this article is writ- ten; the deceased members of the family are Frank L. and Mabel, both of whom died in this county. H. VV. Lytle, the direct subject of this sketch, was born in Lawrence township, Stark county, Ohio, July 19, 1859, and spent his early life at home assisting his father to cultivate the farm. During the winter seasons he attended the district schools and by making the most of his opportunities became a fairly good scholar, and although he is not educated in the sense the term is usually understood, he is nevertheless intelligent and well informed, possessing a val- uable practical knowledge obtained by coming in contact with the world in various business capacities. He is also quite a reader and a close observer and always takes pains to keep himself thoroughly posted relative to the leading pub- lic questions and political issues of the day, especially those bearing on state and national legislation. Mr. Lytle remained with his par- ents until their death, when he started out for himself, choosing the pursuit of agriculture as his life work. He has followed farming with success and profit to the present time, owning a beautiful little place of sixty-five acres in Lawrence township, which he has greatly im- proved and brought to a successful state of cultivation. His farm is admirably situated for general agricultural purposes and he has spared neither ])ains nor expense in making' it attrac- tive and in surrounding himself and family with the comforts and conveniences of life. Mr. Lytle is a progressive farmer and pros- ecutes his work with due reference to method, using the latest and most approved implements and labor-saving devices. He is also a capable manager, as is attested by the fact of his de- riving a much larger income from his small place than others receive from farms many times its area. By energy and well-directed in- dustry and thrift he has amassed a comfortable competence, being among the well-to-do agri- culturists of his township, as he is also one of its enterprising men and representative citizens. Mr. Lytle has always stood for progress and any movement with this object in view is sure to enlist his influence and hearty co-operation. He is essentially a man of the people and, as a true American with the good of his fellow men at heart, he discharges the duties of citizenship with an eye single to the best interests of the community, the state and the nation. He affil- iates with the Republican party and labors earnestly for its success, notwithstanding which he is popular with the ]")eop!e, irrespective of political ties, many of his wai'mest personal friends holding opinions directly opposite those he advocates. Mr. Lytle has been greatly blessed in his home life and to see him at his best is to meet him in the midst of the family circle, where, sliut in from the cares of the world, he greets his friends with a hospitality of peculiar charm. He is eminently sociable and all who come within the range of his influence bear testimony to his wholesouled companionship and hearty good cheer. Believing' that life was given man to enjoy, he endea\'crs to get from the world all the comforts and happiness obtainable and to this end he not only provides well for him- self, but is liberal in caring for the welfare of those dependent upon him. In the year 1893 was solemnized the ceremony by which Mr. Lytle and Miss Jennie Keefifer, of Wayne coun- ty. Ohio, were united in the bonds of holy wed- lock. This union, a most fortunate and happy 634 OLD LANDMARKS one, has been blessed with two bright children, Walter B. and Godie. Lee H. Lytle, an older brother of H. W. Lytle, and, like the latter, one of the well- known and highly esteemed citizens of Law- rence township, was born in Stark county, Ohio, on the ist day of November,' 1857. Reared amid the bracing airs of the country, he early developed strength of body and def- initeness of purpose which enabled him while still a mere youth to lay plans for his subse- quent course of life. His educational training emiiraced a knowledge of the branches consti- tuting the common school course, and, like the majority of country boys, he assisted his father with the varied duties of the farm until old enough to engage in some kind of business for himself. With a natural taste for tilling the soil, he first turned his attention to farming, but later embarked in business at Canal Ful- ton, handling agricultural implements, which line of trade he pursued with liberal results for several years, meanwhile looking after his farming interest in Lawrence township. Mr. Lytle now de\'Otes his attention largely to the farm, which consists of eighty-five acres of fer- tile and finely improved land situated in one of the most highly favored sections of Stark coun- ty. On this place are a comfortable dwelling, well supplied with modern conveniences, good barns and other outbuildings, while the fences and fine conditions of the fields, together with the many other evidences of prosperity, be- speak the careful attention and progressive spirit of the proprietor. Mr. Lytle is a mode! farmer, as iiis place abundantly attests, and his present independent financial condition bears testimony to the industry, and good man- agement with which he has pursued his voca- tion. As a citizen he is recognized as one of the influential as well as one of the useful and re- sourceful men of his community, taking an act- ive interest in whatever tends to benefit the country and develop its resources and support- ing liberally ever measure looking to the social and moral welfare of the people of his neigh- borliood. He enjoys the confidence and esteem of his fellow men and as an earnest supporter of the Republican party has long been a potent factor in local politics. Mr. Lytle has never been an office-seeker, notwithstanding which he was elected assessor of his township, the duties of which position he discharged in a straight- forward, business-like mantier, highly credit- able to himself and satisfactory to the public which he served. In the year 1882 Mr. Lytle was united in marriage to Miss Maggie Campbell, of Stark county, the union resulting in the birth of four children, namely; Claude H., Grace M., Mar- garet M. and Reed R., all living. Mr. and Mrs. Lytle are highly esteemed members of the Presbyterian church, being among the most active workers and liberal supporters of the lo- cal congregation to which they belong. They are also widely known socially and their pop- ularity is by no means confined to the commu- nity in which they live, having numerous ac- quaintances throughout the county of Stark. WILJ.IAM WARSHELER.— One of the oiliest and most highly esteemed residents of Stark county, Ohio, is a lady, now in her nine- ty-second year, who still resides in Plain town- ship, where she was born. April 11, 181 1. Her name is Elizabeth ( Essig) Warsheler and she is tlie UKither of William Warsheler. of Plain township, the subject of this sketch. During all the years of her life she has lived in Stark comity. She was a babe during the first administration of the fourth President of the United States, James Madison, and has lived during the administration of twenty-one other Presidents. She was a child at the beginning of oiu' second war with England, a girl of four years when ^Vaterloo was fought and Napo- leon was exiled to St. Helena and her age was CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 635 ten when he died. Slie was a woman of twen- ty-six years when Queen Victoria ascended the throne of England, was thirty-five years old when the battles of the Mexican war were won, and during all of the years of the great- ness of Clay and Webster she was old enough to know and appreciate the renown they were winning as statesmen. Her long and useful life covers the greater part of the greatest cent- urv the world has ever known. William Warsheler, of Plain township. Stark county, son of the lady above men- tioned, was- born on the farm where he now lives, October 15. 1835. His father was Sam- uel Warsheler, who was born in Columbiana county, Ohio, in 1805, and came to Stark county, with his parents, in 1807. His father was George Warsheler, a native of Maryland, who died in Stark county, Ohio, in 1838. Eliz- abeth Essig, born in 181 1, was united in mar- riage to Samuel Warsheler in April, 1828. Her father was John Essig, a native of Pennsyl- vania who located in Stark county during the first years of the last century. Samuel War- sheler died in 1S77, while his wife, Elizabeth, now in her ninety-second year, still survives in comparatively good health and possessed of far greater mental vigor than would common- ly be attributed to one of her great age. She is the mother of six children, four of whom grew to maturity, namely : Mary, who was the wife of Abram Candle, died when sixty years of age, in Plain township ; Susan was the wife of William Candle and died in Canton township when sixty-seven years old ; Simon died in infancy; William is the subject of this sketch; Elizabeth, who was the wife of Jacob Prough, died in Missouri when about thirty- eight years of age; Sarah died in childhood. It will be seen that of the entire family, Will- iam and his venerable mother only survive. William Warsheler was reared and grew to manhood on the farm whereon he has resided all the days of his life. The onlv avocation he has ever followed has been that of agriculture. In his boyhood, schools were not numerous, and his education was therefore limited, but had he been blessed with the opportunities of the boys of today his ambition would have stopped little short of a finished education. As it was he secured a fair knowledge of all the common school branches then taught, which knowledge he has since supplemented by exten- sive reading, so that today there are very few riien in his locality better informed. On July 2, 1857, William Warsheler was united in marriage to Miss Eliza Jane Dine, a young lady who was possessed of most of the accomplishments and all of the virtues of the age in which she lived. She was a native of Franklin, county, Pennsylvania, born ]\Iarch 6, 1833, hc'' parents being David and Susanna Dine, natives of Franklin county, Pennsyl- vania, who located in Pike township. Stark county, about 1825. Both have now been dead many years, the mother having been eighty- five years of age at the time of her demise. They are well remembered by old residents as being among the most thrifty and progressive inhabitants of the county in the early days, l^o Mr. and Mrs. William Warsheler nine children have been born, only four of whom are -still living, namely, William B., Sarah, Charles and Cora. Sarah is the wife of Nich- olas Dickens and Cora is Mrs. Charles Lantz. All of the children who have passed away died in infancy. A most pleasant home, upon a splendid farm of seventy-two acres, is that which is oc- cupied by Mr. and Mrs. Warsheler and fam- ily. He carries on general farming and stock raising and in this calling, the only one he has ever followed, he has been quite successful. In politics he is a Democrat, has always acted with that party and is always sufificiently inter- ested in the result of the elections to take an active part in the campaign. Outside of one or two local oflices, he has never held or aspired 636 OLD LANDMARKS to a political place. He served as trustee of Plain township three years and has been a school director for seventeen years. In all of the affairs of his township and county he has taken an active part and is invariably identified with e\-er}- progressi\-e mo^^ement. Strong and vigorous mentally and physically, the weight of his sixty-seven years sits lightly upon his shoulders, he being one of those, like his vener- ble mother, with whom time deals gently. Ev- erything indicates that Mrs. Warsheler may have full confidence in being able to round out the full measure of a century of life, and that her worthy son eventually may fully equal her in longevity. HENRY W. HOSSLER was born on a farm in Nimishillen township, this county, on the 30th of November, 1843, being a son of George Hossler, who was born in York county, Pennsylvania, on the 20th of February, 181 5, being of sturdy German stock and a representa- tive of that element which* has proved of so signal value in fostering material progTes.s and prosperity wherever found in our great Amer- ican republic. He was a son of Frederick Hossler. who was born near Gettysburg, Penn- sylvania, September 8, 1783, and who came to Stark county, Ohio, in 1821, and located in Osnaburg township as one of its early settlers, Avhere he resided only a few years, and then TeniOAcd to Marlboro township, where he passed the residue of his life, his death oc- curring in Marlboro township, in 1843. George Hossler, father of the subject, came to Stark county with his parents and was here reared to manhood, and in Canton township he learned the trade of wagonmaking, to which he continued to devote his attention for the long period of thirty-fi\e years, being a man of marked industry and upright character. Within this period he resided for varying in- tervals of time in Canton, Marlboro, Nimi- shillen and Plain townships, and in connection with his trade also carried on agricultural pur- suits. He died on his farm in Plain township, Decemberi 9, 1890, when weU, advanced in years. On the 4th of December,, 1842, in Nim.ishillen township, George Hossler was uni- ted in marriage to Miss Eli^al^eth Hershey, who was born in Franklin county, J^ennsyl- vania, on the i8th of February, 181 6,. being a daughter of John Hershey, who removed from the old Keystone state to Stark county, Ohio, when she was about sixteen years of age, and here she passed the remainder of her life, her death occurring on the 31st of May, 1899. George anti Elizabeth (Hershey) Hossler be- came the parents of seven children, namely : Henry W., who is the immediate subject of this sketch ; Eliza and John, who both died in childhood ; Mary, who is the wife of David Warstler, of Canton township ; Ephraim. wlio is a resident of the state of Kansas; Elizabeth, and Aaron, who reside in the city of Canton, this county. Henry W. Hossler lived in Nimishillen and Marlboro townships during his earlier boy- hood, and when he was eight years of age his parents removed to Plain township, where he was reared to maturity and where he has since maintained his home. He secured such educa- tiijiK'J advantages as were afforded by the dis- trict schools of the middle pioneer days and as a youth he learned the wagonmaking trade under the direction of his father, the business being one which has been followed by many members of the family, since the subject's grandfather was a skilled workman in this line and taught die trade to each of his sons. For a period of about twelve years the subject continued to be engaged in the work of his trade, but since 1875 he has devoted the great- er portion (if his time to the settling up of es- tates and other public business, having been elected justice of the peace of Plain township in T871, while in 1889 he was appointed a no- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 637 tary public, in which office he has ever since continued to ser\-e. He is a stanch advocate of the principles of the Democratic party and has taken an active part in public affairs of a local nature, being well fortified in his convic- tions and ever ready to defend the same, while he has at all times commanded the unqualified confidence and esteem of the community. A distinctive evidence of this confidence is that implied in the fact that he has served as admin- istrator, executor, assignee, etc., of seventy- six dift'erent estates, while the volume of his business is such as to render it expedient for him to maintain an office in the city of Can- ton. He serxed as justice of the peace for eighteen years, and his rulings were ever fair and impartial and were but twice reversed by higher courts, while holding said office, his aim being ever to adopt pacific measures and to avoid strained relations among his neighbors who came before him for an adjudication of their differences. He is also a stockholder and was one of the incorporators of the Cen- tral Savings Bank of Canton and has served as one of the directors of said bank ever since its organization in May, 1887. Mr. Hossler has a well improved farm of about forty acres and on the same has erected an attractive and commodious residence and other good build- ings. PTe is a man of fine intellectual powers, and through personal application and intimate association with thei practical affairs of life has effectively supplemented the somewhat meager educational training of his youthful days. In the city of Canton, on the 5th of No- vember, T885, Mr. Hossler was united in mar- riage to ?\Iiss Sarah DeWeese, who was born in Osnaburg tOAvnship, this county, being a daughter of the late Thomas DeWeese, who was one of the pioneers of that section of the county and a man who was held in the highest esteem by all who knew him. To Mr. and Mrs. Hossler five children have been born, the eldest of whom, Howard H., died at the age of three months, while the other four remain at the parental home, their names, in order of birth, being as follows: Helen D., Raymond R., Nellie R. and Henrv L. DANIEL HARMON is a native of Stark county, Ohio, born in the township where he now lives on the 3d day of September, 1844. His father. Frederick Harmon, was a native of Holland, as was also his mother, who bore the maiden name of Cyntliia List. These parents came to the United States in 1836, 'locating first in New York city, and from there one year later moved to Cleveland, Ohio, where they continued to reside until changing their residence to Stark county, in 1838. By occupation Frederick Harmon was a blacksmith. He worked at the trade in Canal Fulton for a number of years, and was fairly successful m business matters, accum- ulating a sufficiency of this world's goods to place him in very comfortable circumstances. Until the year 18G0 he was a Democrat, but when the great Civil war broke out he with- drew from his party and from that time until his death was an unswerving Republican. Re- ligiously he subscribed to the creed of the Lutheran Reformed church and throughout a long and active career made his life cor- respond as nearly as possible to the plain sim- ple teachings of Holy Writ. Mr. and Mrs. Harmon were the parents of eight children, two of whom died in infancy, the others grow- ing to manhood and womanhood and becom- ing well settled in life. The death of Mr. Harmon occurred in 1883, ^t the age of sev- enty-seven, his wife surviving him until 1899, when she too was called to her eternal rest, at the age of ninety years. Of the early life and youthful experience of Daniel Harmon little need be said, as they were in most respects similar to those of the 638 OLD LANDMARKS majority of boys born and reared in country towns. He enjoyed the advantages of the public schools of Canal Fulton, and it was while a student in the high schools that he laid aside his books for the purpose of taking up arms to assist in quelling the great Re- bellion. On the 4th of November, 1861, he enlistetl in Company G, First Battalion, Eight- eenth United States Infantry, with which he served throughout the war and after the cessa- tion of hostilities continued with his command until February 15, 1867. Mr. Harmon par- ticipated in all the battles in which the Army of the Cumberland took part and was one of the few of the ill-fated garrison of Ft. Phil Kearney that escaped death in the horrible massacre of December 22, 1866, one of the foulest blots on the pages of American his- tory. He never shirked a responsibility, was ever ready to go where duty called and against his record as a brave and fearless soldier no breath of suspicion was ever uttered. After his discharge he returned to Stark county and for some time thereafter worked at coal min- ing, subsequently engaging in the milling busi- ness at Canal Fulton, which he carried on for several years witli fair pecuniary results. He also devoted consideraljle attention to farm- ing, in which he still maintains an interest, and of late years has been engaged in the ice busi- ness, from which source he derives a liberal in- come. Mr. Harmon has long been an active worker in the Democratic party, and as such has been elected to various official positions, the first being that of constable, in which he served his township faithfully for twelve years. In 1886 he was made a member of the school board of Canal Fulton, which position he held nine years, and subsequently for a period of ten years served as township assessor. In 1902 he was elected to the more responsible office of township trustee, and thus far his record has fully met tlie expectation of his friends and pnn-en highly satisfactory to the public in gen- eral. Mr. Harmon is a member of the Odd Fel- lows' fraternity, belonging to Lawrence Lodge No. 297, at Canal Fulton, in addition to which he is also identified with Bevard Post, Grand Army of the Republic, and the Junior Order of United American Me- chanics. In the year 1872 he was united in marriage with Miss Lovina Buchtel, whose birth occurred in Summit coun- ty, Ohio, on the 25th day of May, 1844. Mrs. Harmon is one of seven children born to John A. and Julia A. (Tritt) Buchtel, of Summit county, the father dying in 1885 and the moth- er in 1902. Mr. and Mrs. Harmon have had four children, namely : Alda, Esther, Percy and Lloyd, the last named deceased. The life of Mr. Harmon furnishes a com- mendable example of the successful self-made man. He early began making his own way in the world and had little to encourage him in his battles with adverse circumstances. The meager assistance rendered him, and his de- termined efiforts to develop the better man within, were in due time crowned with abund- ant rewards, as he succeeded by industry and thrift in making for himself a name which all who know him respect, while his honor and in- tegrity in every relation of life are eminently worthy of emulation. REV. JOSEPH F. FAHS.— The Fahs family is of stanch German lineage, and -in the immediate line the original ancestor in Amer- ica was Joseph Fahs, who emigrated from the fatherland to tliis country in the colonial epoch, taking up his abode in York, Pennsylvania, where he passed the residue of his life, being a man of exalted integrity of character and one whose strength was as his days. He was ac- companied to America by his_ wife and several children, and other children were born after he established his home in the new world, one of the nuni1>er being Joseph Fahs, who was CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 639 born 311 York, York county, Pennsylvania, and who figures as the grandfather of the subject of this sketch. Joseph Fahs was a soldier in the Continental line during the war of the Rev- olution, and thus aided in the founding- of the greatest republic the world has ever known. After the war he returned to his native town, where the balance of his life was passed, his vocation having been that of carpetweaver. His son, Samuel, father of the subject, was born in York about 1 800, and was there reared to maturity, learning the trade of cabinetmak- ing, and continuing to follow the same during his entire career in business. His noble and devoted wife, whose maiden name was Cath- erine Myers, was likewise born in York, and there they lived until they responded to the inexorable summons of death, both having been members of the Moravian church and per- sons of distinctive worth of character. Of their children brief data is as follows : Rachel, who became the wife of George Wantz, died in York; the second child died in infancy; Oliver died m York, at the age of thirty-five years; Joseph Frederick, the immediate subject of this review, was the next in order of birth ; David is still a resident of Y''ork, Pennsylvania ; Samuel died in boyhood ; Bar- bara, who became the wife of Ernst Wagner, died at York; Catherine died at the age of twenty-eight years; Louisa is the wife of Charles Stubbins, of York, and there also is the home of Sarah, the wife of J. L. Getz. Joseph Frederick Fahs, whose name initi- ates this article, was born in the old home- stead in York, Pennsylvania, on the i8th of January, 1825, so that he has now attained the age of nearly four score years, though it must not be implied that this fact militates against his activity, energy and devotion to his responsi- ble duties, for his is the vigor begotten of riglit living, and he expects to be a worker until he is called to the sphere of the eternal life. He received his early educational discipline in his native town, having there attended an acad- emy conducted by Professor Blech, an able educator. At the age of fourteen Mr. Fahs we;it to the Moravian town of Lititz, in Lan- caster county, Pennsylvania, where he was em- ployed as clerk in a mercantile establishment for a period of four years, and while there he devoted as much time as possible to the study of theological subjects, under the direction of clergymen of the Moravian church. At the age of eighteen he returned to York, where he was employed as clerk in a general merchandise store for about two years. In the meanwhile he had been canvassing ways and means that he might continue his educational training, his desire being to fit himself for a wider sphere of endeavor, and at the age of twenty years he had so thoroughly improved his time by per- sonal study and application that he became eligible for pedagogic work, since he then ac- cepted the position of teacher , of English branches in Nazareth Hall, a Moravian college, in Northampton county, Pennsylvania. He was thus engaged for one year, and during that succeeding was a teacher in the Y'ork County Academy, in his native town, the insti- tution being one which at that time had a hig'h standing and which was a source of great pride to the people of the county. While thus teach- ing at York, Mr. Fahs continued his own studies, having given special attention to the study of languages, under the direction of Prof. Williams, a man of erudition and a fine linguist, who was then an instructor in the same academ}'. Mr. Fahs had also been a careful and appreciative student of music, in which line he had marked native talent, and for the ensuing year he gave his attention prin- cipally to the teaching of the "divine art," his efforts being mainly in tlie line of ensemble work, in" training mixed choruses and giving concerts under Sunday .school auspices. About this time the subject came in contact with Rev. Dr. Joseph Seiss, of Cumberland, Maryland, 640 OLD LANDMARKS with whose devoted zeal and eloquence he be- came so captivated that he expressed to the Doctor a wish to remain with him for a sea- son, for the purpose of studying theology and pulpit oratory. His desire was realized, and he acknowledges a lasting debt of gratitude to this noble Christian gentleman with whom he remained for a period of three years, — years fraught with the best possible results, for the subject received the most beneficent counsel, his training was systematic and the influence one which tended to exaltation of the spiritual life, and he was thus led to devote his life to the ministry, following humbly and reverently in the steps of the lowly Nazarene through whom came the supreme revelation of divine love and mercy. In the autumn of 1852 Mr. Fahs was ordained to the ministry of the Lutheran church, at Cumberland, Maryland, and his first pastoral assignment was to the church in Hancock, that state, where he re- mained three years, having charge of three congregations in that parish. His health final- ly became so seriously impaired that he was compelled to resign his charge and to avoid all active work for the ensuing- eiglit months. He then, though far from well, accepted a call to the church at Newton, Pennsylvania, where he labored zealously for fourteen months, but the tension proved too severe and he was again compelled to tender a resignation, and for nearly a year he was unable to continue his ministerial work. Having partially recuper- ated his energies, in 1853 ^e accepted the pas- torate of the church at Jersey Shore, Lycom- ing county, Pennsylvania, the town being lo- cated in the mountains, and here the change of climate proved of marked benefit to him, and after serving the little church for a period of four months he felt justified in accepting a most insistent call which came from the church at Williamsport, Pennsylvania, where he la- bored with much success for a period of five years, and the hold he had upon the affection of his people was significantly manifested in the spring of 1902, when the congregation of this church sent him an urgent invitation to visit his former parish and participate in the golden jubilee of the church, an invitation which he accepted, and which resulted in a season of marked gratification to him and his wife, in that they were thus permitted to greet many old friends and to note the noble work which the church was carrying forward. His next call was to the pastorate of St. John's church, in Allentown, Pennsylvania, and his pastorate there covered a full decade, blessed with abundant fruit, and while he and his wife were in Williamsport, in 1902, as noted, the people of St. John's church made such press- ing overtures for them to also visit this parish that they could not but respond favorably, and their visit to the two parishes was one which marks a most grateful spot in their life history. From Allentown Mr. Fahs went to Trinity Lutheran church, in Akron, Ohio, and after a decade of zealous and effective labor in that field he came to Canton, in 1883. and for the following fourteen years he served con- gregations in various towns in this section, accessible from the city and without regular pastoral incumbents, while he also officiated in churches of various other denominations, in Canton and elsewhere, and continues to do so at the present time when demands are made upon his services in this way, for he has ever stood ready to answer the call of duty and to aid in every possible way the cause of the Mas- ■ ter whom he serves. In 1896, largely persuad- ed by the members of the clergy of the different churches in Canton, Mr. Fahs consented to accept his present appointment as chaplain of the county infirmary and work house, and here his ministrations have not fallen short of appreciation on the part of those unfortunate wards of the county to whom he brings words of cheer and hope. Mr. Fahs has been a most zealous and effective advocate of the cause of CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 641 temperance, and his efforts in this direction have been potent. He is a persuasive and logical speaker and his every word bears the impress of unswei"ving faith and utmost sin- cerity, so that he has ever been able to gain a hold on the hearts of those to whom he has been teacher, counselor, pastor and friend. In politics he holds to the principles of the Re- publican party, but has never been a strict partisan, supporting such men and measures as have met the approval of his judgment. At Hancock, iVIaryland, on the 9th of May, 1854, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Fahs to Miss C. Anna Miller, daughter of Rev. Henry S. Miller, a clergyman of the Lutheran church, and she has been to him a true compan- ion and helpmeet during their signally happy married life, which has extended over a period of nearly lialf a century, Mrs. Fahs having been born in 1833. Of the children of this union the following is a record : Lillian remains at the parental home; Catherine has for the past eight years engaged in missionary work in India, under the auspices of the Lutheran church ; Henry died at the age of nineteen years; and Clemence remains at the parental home. ANDREW MEYER.— The Meyer family is of stanch German extraction, and is one of prominence and distinction in the German fa- therland, the original representatives of the same in the new world being three brothers who came hither in the early or middle part of the eighteenth century, one of the number be- ing the grandfather of the subject of this brief sketch. So prominent has been the name in this section of the Buckeye state that excep- tional interest attaches to a review of the gene- , alogical and personal history of that honored citizen of Canton whose name introduces this article and who here passed practically his en- tire life. He bore the full patronymic of his 40 father, Andrew Meyer, who was born in the town of Bonn, in Bingen, archbishopric of Cologne, GeiTnany, one of the most fair and picturesque sections of the beautiful Rhine country, the date of his nativity having been 1760. He was there reared, receiving his edu- cation in the excellent schools of his native place, and at the usual age he entered the mili- tary service of Austria, in accord with the laws and customs of the nation. In this con- nection he was in active service in the conflict with the Turkish government, and later he was for'some time in the French army, having been impressed into service under the rule of the great Napoleon. He emigrated to America within the closing years of the eighteenth cen- tury and took up his abode in the city of Balti- more, Maryland, where, during the war of 1812, he gave his government valuable as- sistance in the furnishing ol brass and copper supplies for ships, and he made no demand for payment until peace was restored and the gov- ernment expenses were reduced to a more near- ly normal standpoint. He was also in active service as a soldier in this second conflict with England, having taken part in the spirited en- gagement at Bladensburg, Maryland, where he was one of the few who stood their ground un- til deserted by all their fellow comrades. He had learned the trade of coppersmith in his native land, and continued to be identified with the same in Baltimore for a number of years, having been associated with his brother. God- frey, in the establishment of a copper manu- factory in Baltimore, where he had made in- vestments in real estate and slaves, the broth- ers having been well fortified financially at the time of their emigration. Subsequently he came to Ohio, becoming one of the early set- tlers of Canton, which was then a mere ham- let in the midst of the primeval forests, and here he became a prominent and influential citizen, being a man of marked intellectuality and one with great initiative powers, so that 642 OLD LANDMARKS he was well fitted for leadership in thought and action. He was the third in order of birth in a family of five children, an elder brother, Ignatius, having accnnipanied him from, the fatherlatid to America, all settling in Balti- more. 'J1ieu' sister, Cordelia, who' was a young woman of great beauty and culture, died in Germany. The father of these children was a man of wealth and influence in Germany, where he was the owner of extensi^^e vineyards on the banks of the Rhine. Francis Meyer, the eldest of the four brothers, was a colonel in Napoleon's army and was present at the taking of Moscow, and while in the service he was captured by the enemy and held in prison for some time. He also took part in the his- toric battle of Waterloo. Napoleon conferred upon him the cross of the Legiqn of Honor on the field of battle, this valued insignia of honor and gallantry being set with diamonds, and in addition to this his great chief also conferred upon him an added distinction in recognition of his services, presenting him witli a beauti- ful sword, likewise, set with fine diamonds, and these two valued trophies are still retained in the possession of the family as treasured souvenirs. Ignatius, the other brother, was a man of recondite knowledge, being a fine scholar and an accomplished linguist, and he was a successful teacher in Germany, as was he also in Baltimore, and later in Canton. Colo ne! h'rancis Meyer died in Baltimore, at a verv advanced age, having- remained a bach- elor. Ignatius married, in Germany, a lady of culture and rehnement, and they reared a num- ber of children. In the beautiful old Mary- land citv was also consummated the marriage of Andrew Meyer, father of the subject, the maiden name of his wife having been Eliza Hazlett, the widow of John Hassafrass. She was Ijorn m .\Isace, France, whence she came to America wiili her parents. Of her first marriage were born three children, namely : Margaret and George, buth of whom died in Baltim(.)re. unmarried; and Jdhn. who married Sally Hamilton, and who likewise died in Bal- timore. Andrew Meyer came to Ohio in company with Josqjh Shorb and here, by entry and pur- chase, they Ijecame the owners of sixteen hun- dred acres of land, Mr. Meyer's farm being lo- cated in Stark county and being known as Sweet Spring farm. After establishing a home in the Buckeye state Mr. Meyer returned to Maryland for his wife, and upon his coming again to Ohio he took up his residence in the little village of Canton, here opening a dry- goods store on the site of the present establish- ment of the firm of McKenzie & .Bell. He also accumulated considerable real estate in and about the city, in addition to his original farm property. After a residence of two )-ears in Canton his wife's health became seriously impaired and they accordingly returned to Bal- timore, where they remained for the ensuing two years, after which they again took up their residence in Canton. The journevs to and fro were made with the old-time Conestoga wagons, and Mr. Meyer provided a guard of twelve men to atford protection from robbers and unfriendly Inilians, the Alleghany nmun- tains at that time being infested with bands of desperate outlaws and bandits. Andrew Mey- er brought from Steubenville the lumber with which to erect his house, which was the finest in this section of the state, being commodious and attractive in appearance and being equipped with many accessories and embellish- ments unusual to the pioneers of this section. The residence was Ijuilt of the best m^itenal and in the most substantial manner, while the eaves and spouts were all of ci>p|)er. Subse- ciuentK- he retired from the mercantile busi- ness, which he turned over to his son, the sulv ject of this memoir. , Andrew Meyer, Sr., then retired to his farm, one of the finest places in this section of the state, his landed estate comprising twenty-two hundred acres at the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 643 time of his deatli, in 1848. The land was immediately contiguous to the town of Can- ton, and eventually the city limits were ex- tended to include a considerable portion of the same, which section was platted into city lots and placed on tiife market after his death, be- ing now Ijuilt up with a desirable class of dwellings. The subject of this memoir in- herited a portion of the old homestead and for many years gave his personal supervision to its cultivation, and he erected the residence now owned lay Cook Walker, on Tuscarawas street, and there he continued to reside until his death. Jdie heirs of Joseph Meyer, one of his sons, donated twenty acres of the old home- stead as a site for the erection of the plant of the Deitber-Hampden Watch Works, one of the important industrial concerns oi Canton and of the state. The parents were devoted members of St. J«jhn's Catholic church, in whose organization they were instrumental. In politics the father was an old-line Whig. He was a man of progressive ideas, an ex- cellent financier, and one who wiekled a wide and beneficent infiuence in flie community, while such was his integrity in all the relations of life that he ever commanded the confidence and esteem of all who knew him. Of his children we enter the following brief record : Francis, who was a colonel in the war of the Rebellion, married and became the father of five children, — Caroline, Joseph, Francis, Cor- delia and Mary, the parents being now de- ceased; Elizabeth, who became the wife of James Casselly, died in Canton ; Andrew is the immediate subject of this memoir; Joseph died in 1869, in Canton, laeing survived by his wife, whose maiden name was Catherine Meyer, and of him in(li\idual mention is made on another page of this work; Alena, who became the wife of Thomas Patton, died in Canton in 1871. Andrew Meyer, Jr., to whom this tribute is dedicated, was born in the citv of Baltimore, Maryland, in 1813, and was a mere child at the time of his parents' removal to Canton, where he was reared and educated and where he passed his long and useful life, a worthy scion of an honored father. He recei\'ed such edu- cational ad\-antages as were afforded in the local schools, and later became a student in Emmettsburg College, in Maryland, where he completed his specific education. He then returned to Canton, where he assisted his fa- ther in his business operations, and where he e\'entually succeeded the latter in the mercan- tile enterprise here established so many years before. He continued this enterprise for some- what more than a decade and then removed to what is known as the Duck farm, at the head of Meyer lake, giving his attention to its cultivation for about eight years. After the death of his father he removed to a cottage near the old homestead, and here his first wife died in 1848. Somewhat later he erected what is now the Cook Walker residence, on West Tuscarawas street, and there he continued to make his home until he was summoned from the scene of life's activities, on the 15th of March, 1875, at the age of sixty-two years. His entire life was characterized by the loftiest integrity and honor; he was kindly, gracious and unostentatious and no man in the com- munity could claim a larger number of appre- ciative and cherished friends. He always maintained a lively interest in the welfare of the city whose development he had witnessed from the pioneer days, and he was essentially 1 road-minded and public-spirited in his atti- tude in regard to matters of public policy. In politics he was a stanch supporter of the Demo- cratic party, and his religious faith was that of the Catholic church, in which he was reared, while he was a liberal supporter of St. John's church, of which he was a communicant. In the city of Baltimore, Maryland, An- drew Mever was united in marriage to Miss 644 OLD LANDMARKS Eliza Hazlett, a daughter of Major Robert Hazlett, who was born in the city of DubHn, Ireland, whence he emigrated, to America when a young man, taking up his residence in Bal- timore, where he engaged in the manufacture of ammunition. He was in active service as a soldier in the war of 1812, holding the ofifice of major. The maiden name of his wife was Dorothy Parkinson, and she was a sister of Sir Edward Parkinson, of England, who was a very wealthy man and whose property re- A^erted to the crown at the time of his death. Both Robert and Dorothy Hazlett died in Bal- timore, having reared a large family of chil- dren. Mrs. Eliza (Hazlett) Meyer died in 1848, as has already been noted, and in 1851 Mr. Meyer consummated a second marriage, being then united to Miss Elizabeth Gross, a daughter of Judge John I. Gross, of Balti- more, a member of the supreme court of Mary- land. Mrs. Meyer survived her husband two years, her death occurring in 1877. Of the children of the first marriage the following is a brief record: Andrew, Jr., enlisted in To- ledo as a member of an Ohio regiment of vol- unteers, under General Babcock, and served throughout the Civil war, after which he was married, in Tennessee, to Miss Carrie John- son, a southern girl, and they now reside on a farm at the foot of Lookout mountain, in Tennessee ; Emily died at tlie age of twenty- seven years ; Joseph, who married Miss Mary Crowl, of Massillon, Ohio, is now a resident of Boone county, Iowa; Louisa C. resides at the old home in Canton, having never married; William, who resides in Canton, and who is one of the influential farmers of the county, married Miss Margaret Wielandt, and they have nine children ; Isabella is the wife of An- drew Wielandt, of this city; and Margaret is the \\ife of George Wolfe, also of Canton. Only one child was born of the second mar- riage of the subject. — John, who resides wdth his sister. Miss Louisa C. Mever, of Canton. JOHN O. KREIGHBAU.M, ex-commis- sioner of Stark county, now residing at New Berlin, was born in Lake township, Stark county, July 21, 1854. His father was Will- iam Kreighbaum, who was born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, January 17, 1813, while his grandfather, George Kreighbaum, also a native of Pennsylvania, was born about 1788, the year of the inauguration of the first Presi- dent of the United States, the immortal Wash- ington. The genealogy of the Kreighbaum family has not been traced back farther than the paternal grandfather, buj; it is quite likely that ihe latter's parents were natives of Ger- many, who emigrated to America about the time of or before the war of the Revolution and settled in Pennsylvania with numerous other emigrants from the fatherland. George Kreighbaum, the grandfather, moved his fam- ily to Stark county, Ohio, and located in Lake township, one mile east of where Greentown now stands. He was a farmer and followed that calling up to the time of his death, which occurred in the year 1848. He was elected county commissioner in 1838, and qualified and served for a number of years, as is shown l>y the old records of Stark county. Almost constantly from the time of his settlement in the county the task of filling some one of the township positions was exacted of him. He was a worthy man, who had seen much of the world, and all of his neighbors had implicit confidence in Ijis integrity and ability. Will- iam Kreighbaum, the father of the subject, was only four years old when his parents moved to Stark county, and here he grew to manhood, receiving such limited education as the country schools afforded at that time. However, he was a man of strong mental pow- ers and much natural capacity, which caused his neighbors to look upon him as a man of far more learning than he really had. Almost before he had attained his maturity he had met and married Miss Sarah Hane, also a native CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 645 of Pennsylvania. Like most of the young people of the west at that time, they settled upon a farm and devoted themselves to agri- cultural pursuits, there being little else in those days for young people to do to gain a liveli- hood. They located in Lake township, and by their industry and thrift made a fine farm, built a comfortable home and occupied it until their deaths. He died April 7, 1869, while her death occurred in November, 1S82. To Will- iam and Sarah Kreighbaum fourteen children were born, the youngest of whom is John O., the subject of this sketch. They are named Uriac, Henry, Matilda, George, William, Amanda, Edwin, Ellen, Mahala, Hiram, Clin- ton, Erances and John C. All were given the best advantages to secure an education which the country then afforded, and upon attaining maturity they went out into the world to do' for themselves, settled in different localities, mar- ried and prospered. At the time of the death of William Kreigh- baum, in 1869, John O. was little niiore than fourteen years old. He had attended school during the winter months most of the years of his boyhood and worked upon the farm dur- ing the summer. There was little change in his life after the sad event which rendered him fatherless. His mother supervised and his elder brothers executed the work of the farm until he became old enough and strong enough to take the place of the latter, and he remained at home, working for his mother, until he was twenty-one years of age. The first three years thereafter he resided in Jackson, and then in Plain township. He then moved to New Berlin and engaged in the business of dealing in live stock and wool, in which business he has been very prosperous. In 1884 he was elected a member of the New Berlin school board, and has served continuously ever since. In 1889 he was elected county commissioner, and so well did he guard the public interests that he was twice afterward returned to the same position. Even before he attained his majority and had the right of the elective fran- chise conferred upon him, he took an active part in political affairs. He is a firm believer in the principles of the Democratic party, and is always zealously interested in the success of its candidates. He and his family are mem- bers of the English Reformed church, and are liberal contributors to its support. He is a member of the Knights of the Maccabees, and of the Stark county Grange. In the county in which he has lived so long and where he is so well known, Mr. Kreigh- baum has always been a leader in every public enterprise, and in every popular movement calculated to benefit the community his influ- ence and support are eagerly sought, he being frequently able to accomplish more by personal solicitation than others can with the courts of law at their back. One instance is all that need be given. When arrangements were be- ing made for the building of the Canton & Akron Railroad, some discussion arose as to the best manner in which to secure the right of way. The legal process known as "con- demnation proceedings" was advocated by most of those interested as the surest and speediest way. Mr. Kreighbaum, being op- posed to this process unless it was found abso- lutely necessary, personally offered to under- take the task of soliciting the desired right of way, if afforded a little time before beginning condemnation proceedings, and before the time had expired laid in the hands of the company fifty-two warranty deeds to the right of way, thus obviating the necessity of resorting to any legal proceedings whatever. The people had confidence in the man who did the soliciting, believed implicitly what he told them, and as a personal favor granted all that could pos- sibly have been secured by means of a law suit. He also obtained the right of way from Na- varre to New Philadelphia, securing one hun- drefl and fortv deeds. Those who know Mr. 646 OLD LANDMARKS Kreighbaum l)est predict that there is a far wider Held for the exercise of his talents in the future than he has had in the past. Age is not a matter of years, but of conditions, and his condition Ijespeaks him still a young man. Even his years are by no means against him. Many of the noted men of history accomplished their life work after they had passed the fifti- eth milestone. •> » » JOSEPH A. PIERSON is a native son of Stark county, having been born in the vil- lage of New Berlin, on the 24th of November, 1850. His paternal grandparents. Peter and Catharine Pierson. were born in the Haute Rhine province of France, whence they emi- grated to America in the year 1828, coming to Stark county and taking up their abode in Jackson township. .\mong the children who accompanied them on their removal to the United States was John Peter Pierson, the fa- ther of the subject of this sketch. He was Init ten years of age at tlie time, having been horn in the upper Rhine district of France, in July, 181 8. He received his early education in the common schools of Stark county and displayed such a thirst for learning and fond- ness for books that he was only too glad to embrace an opportunity to read law, becoming a student in one of the ])ioneer law offices of Canton. He was regularly admitted to the bar of the state and while considering a suit- able place in which to open an office and duly engage in the practice of his profession, he yielded to the importunities of his brother, Joseph, and with him became associated in business, believing it e.xpedient to add to his financial resources before taking up his pro- fessional work, in which his success would be thereby conserved. In the section of France in which the Pierson brothers were born the bi'ewing of ale, porter and beer was a line of enterprise carried on with no little success. Breweries had not as yet been established in Ohio, and malt liquors of all kinds were prac- tically unknown in this section of the Union. According^ly the two brothers decided that a promising field of enterprise was offered through manufacturing this line of products, and they erected a small brewer\-, which was the first built in this section. There was no doubt as to tlie genuineness and potenc}- of the products of the' brewery, but the early settler had become wedded to the exhilarating effects of rye and Iwurljon whiskev and could not be persuaded to consider the lighter and more wholesome beverages. To make the brewery a success a taste for its products had to be cul- tisated, and as their resources were not ade- quate to justify them in waiting for such a change, John Peter withdrew and the business was carried on by Joseph for some }'ears there- after. Evidently it had been undertaken pre- maturely by half a centuiy. John Peter Pierson was married in the }'ear 1847 and immediately afterward located in the village of New Berlin, where he established himself in the mercantile business. The \'ent- ure was prospered from the time of its incep- tion. Year after year the patrons increased in numbers and the enterprise expanded in scope and importance, and Mr. Pierson contin- ued to be actively engaged in this line of busi- ness in New Berlin during the remainder of his long-, honorable and signally useful life, his death occurring on the 9th of July, 1899. During his entire business career he command- ed almost unlimited credit, not .so much Ijy reason of the property which he owned and his ability to pay as on account of the prompti- tude with which all indebtedness was liqui- dated b\ him. He was a man who was scrup- ulousl}- conscientious and honest in all his deal- ings. Flis counsel and advice were so highly prized that ])ersons in difficulty or anticipat- ing trouble came long" distances to consult him. In the year 1847 J(^hn Peter Pierson was CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 647 united in marriage to Miss Catherine Donze, wlio was likewise torn in France, being a daughter of Dennis Donze, who l)ecame nuni- Ijered among the early pioneer settlers of Stark county. Though he was of venerable age at the time of the war of the Reliellion, in No- vember, 1861, he manifested his loyalty to his adopted country by enlisting in Company G, Forty-third C)hio \^olunteer Infantry, with A\ hich he ser\'ed until nearly the expiration of his term, when he received an honorable dis- charge, returning- to his home in Stark coun- ty, where he passed the residue of his life. The cai)tain of his company was James Speakman, while the regiment was commanded by Colonel Curly Smith. He died while on a visit to France. Lnuis Donze, the only son of Den- nis, also served during the Rel)elliiin, having been a member of Company K, Third Ohio A'lilmiteer Cavalry, in which he enlisted on the 1st of March, 1862. and he died while in the service, on the 13th of August, 1863, at Huntsville, Alabama. At the time of this writing (March, 1903) the mother of the sub- ject is still living, being seventy-one years of age and l^eing S])ecially well preser\-ed in mind and body, while she retains her home in New Berlin. In his native town of New Berlin Jo.seph A. Pierson, the immediate subject of this sketch, was reared to maturity, and after com- pleting the curriculum of the public schools he supplemented this discipline by a course of study in a busmess college in the city of St. Louis, Missouri. Thereafter he held, for varving interx'als. several responsible positions, which he filled with credit to himself and to the satisfaction of his employers. He was for a time incumbent of a clerkship in a general store in Illinois, and at Bluemount, that state, he did effective service as general clerk for the Hatfield Company, owners and operators of large grain elevators, remaining with this firm for a period of two years. He then en- gaged in freighting on the frontier, driving a four-horse tearn which he had purchased for the purpose and having his headcpiarters at a point in southwestern Kansas, sixty miles distant from a railroad. He did cjuite an ex- tensive business, transporting settlers and freight to various portions of the great west and meeting with many exciting experiences. He had to deal with all sorts and conditions of men, while the Indians were a constant menace to life and pi"0]jerty, as they still in- fested the plains and frequently went forth on the war path and manifested their enmity toward the white settlers who were so nobly and courageously striving to open the \\a.y for civilization, many of them sacrificing their lives in the attempt. In his freighting enter- prise ]\Ir. Pierson visited divers sections of the new and undeveloped west, and his reminis- censes of life on the frontier are interesting in the extreme. In the year 1S74 Mr. Pierson returned to the east, having disposed of his freighting equipment, and immediately after his return to Ohio he was appointed to a position in the state asylum for the insane, at Newburg-, retaining this incumbency two years and then accept- ing- a similar office in Long'view^ Asylum, in the city of Cincinnati, where for many months he held the office of supervisor of the institu- tion. He resigned this position for the pur- pose of engaging in business on his own re- siinnsibility. He returned to New Berlin in t88o and here became associated with his fa- ther in the lumber business, under the firm name of Peter Pierson & Son. In 1886 the firm name was changed to Joseph A. Pierson and under this title the enterprise has since been successfully carried forward. The plant O'f the concern is finely equipped, two acres of ground being utilized and excellent and mod- ern buildings having been erected specially for the accommodation of the business. The yard is near the line of the Cle\eland Terminal & 648 OLD LANDMARKS Valley Kailroad, affording every facility for the handling of lumber at the minimum ex- pense and with the utmost rapidity, and thus he is enabled to carry on a business whose magnitude would do credit to a much larger town. There are four large and substantial buildings, one thirty-six by sixty feet, and two stories in height; one twenty-four by seventy- two feet, and likewise two stories in height; a lumber shed forty by sixty feet in dimen- sions ; and an office building eighteen by thirty feet. Mr. Pierson embarked in the lumber business in 1880 and his present extensive operations in the line indicate what is possible o^ accomplishment on the part of one who will bend his energies to the work in hand, whose life is animated by absolute integrity of pur- pose and who spares no pains to meet the demands of his patrons. Honesty and care- ful and progressive methods have been the con- servators of his success. His trade is of rep- resentative order, his bills of lading being large, \vhile lie receives orders from all parts of the country, and especially from the farmers of this immediate vicinity, who manifest marked satisfaction with the fair dealing and effective service accorded them. Mr. Pier- son stands high as a citizen and business man and is well and favorably known throughout his native county. Jn addition to his lum- bering business Mr. Pierson is the owner of a fine farm, of one hundred and sixty acres, two and one-half miles northeast of New Berlin, and in the village his modern and finely ap- pointed residence stands as one of the most attractive homes in this section. In politics Mr. Pierson has always been identified with the Democratic party, and while he gives a stanch support to its principles and policies he has never been known as an "of- fensive partisan," being too liberal and broad- minded in his views to be classified as such in any particular. During the last administra- tion of President Cleveland Mr. Pierson served four years as postmaster of New Berlin and discharged the duties of the office to the emi- nent satisfaction of all its patrons, the choice meeting with uniform approval and endorse- ment in the community, without reference to partisan affiliations. He was commissioned a notary public for the county of Stark on the iStli of June, 1889, and has continuously been inclumbent of this office since that time. ' He is thoroughly public-spirited, and all worthy objects for the promotion of the general wel- fare of the community receive his support and encouragement, while he has so ordered his life as to gain and retain the unequivocal con- fidence and regard of those with whom he has come in contact in business or social lines. On the 27th of October, 1885, Mr. Pier- son was united in marriage to Miss Flora Du- mont, a young woman of gracious presence and many accomplishments. She was born in Perry townsliip, this county, on the 29th of June, 1852, and received her educational dis- cipline in the public schools. She is a devout Christian, being a member of the Presbyterian church, and her gentle .and gracious character has endeared her to all with whom she has come in Contact in the various relations of life. She iias been a true companion and helpmeet to her husband, a devoted mother and a genu- ine friend, and through her influence the home life has been of idyllic type. She has ever been an extensive and careful reader and keeps well informed on the current topics of the day, being an interesting conversationalist and ever extending the hospitality of her beautiful home to her wide circle of friends. Her fa- ther, the late John J. L. Dumont, was for many years one of the most prominent and in- fluential citizens of Stark county. He was liorn near the city of Paris, France, on the 25th of July, 1816. Mr. Dumont loved his adopted country and its institutions and was an honest, upright citizen and kindly gentle- man, one whose friendly and unassuming ways CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 649 and genial hospitality at his home, near the city of Massillon, did much to brighten and to cheer the circles of social intercourse. To Mr. and Mrs. Pierson were born three chil- dren, one son and two daughters, both of the daughters dying in infancy. Raymond J., the only surviving child, was born on the 27th of January, 1889, and is a bright and intelli- gent boy and one whose life is most promis- ing. He is an appreciative reader and stu- dent, finding more satisfaction in his books than in the outdoor sports with his young compan- ions, while he is also showing excellent musical taste, pursuing his studies in this line under the effective direction of Miss Huber, of the city of Canton. Although he was only thir- teen years of age at the time, the following estimate concerning Raymond J. Pierson was published in Volume 113 of the Phrenological Journal, in March, 1902, the same being is- sued by the Fowler & Wells Company, of New York city : "The world can not go too fast for the subject whose portrait we have now before us. He takes pleasure in a driving business, trade or profession that requires hus- tle. He is a first-rate observer and will not let anyone else beat him in what he sees, ob- serves or takes into accotmt. His features are strongly represented, especially his nose, which corresponds with his mental executive power. His method, sense of order and sys- tem help him to evolve ideas in a thoroughly practical and up-to-date fashion. He will make a good buyer of stock and will make no mistakes; in fact, persons can take his judg- ment on the material that he handles. He is quick to take a hint and hates a long-drawn- out explanation, that fails to touch him as does one of a short and concise order. His eye is keen and goes right through one, or through any material when he is looking at it. He will make money fast, and if he marries a prudent, economical w'de he Avill be able to lay up riches." LEVI A. STONER.— The subject of this sketch, Levi A. Stoner, of Plain township, Stark county, is a fair instance of heredity. His father is John L. Stoner, of whom a sketch will be found in another part of this volume. The leading, dominant trait of character pos- sessed by the father is a persistent zeal in any cause which he espouses. He is a believer in prohibition and has an abhorrence of the liquor traffic little less intense than that of John Brown on the question of slavery. Levi A. Stoner has inherited much of the warmth of his father's nature, particularly upon the tem- perance question. All of his politics and much of his religion is embodied in the one question of prohibition. Levi A. Stoner was born in the village of New Berlin, Plain township. Stark county, Ohio, January 22, 1854. All of the days of his youth were spent in his native township and beneath his father's roof, his education be- ing received at the common schools of his township, at the high school at Smithville and at Mt. Union College. On February 20, 1879, he was united in marriage, at Canton, Ohio, to Miss Catharine Krumroy, a native of Green township, Summit county, Ohio, and a daugh- ter of Francis and Maiy Krumroy. She was reared and educated in her native township. The young couple established themselves at housekeeping on a farm one mile south of New Berlin, in Plain township, and there they have resided ever since. They own this farm, which consists of one hundred and twenty-two acres, and on it they have erected a large brick resi- dence. The place is splendidly improved and thoroughly cultivated, and they carry on gen- eral farming and stock raising, meeting with the most gratifying success in all they have undertaken. Mr. and Mrs. Stoner are the parents of four children, one of whom, Eddie, died in infancy; the others are: Mary E., John W. and Chester K., each of whom has received the 650 OLD LANDMARKS ailvantages of a good common scliool educa- tion. In religion Mr. Stoner is a member of the German Reformed church and one of its elders, having also for nine consecutive terms served as Sunday school superintendent. In all church work he is quite active, and every movement on behalf of temperance receives his warm approval and hearty support. He is a member of the Patrons of Husbandry, is deeply interested in the cause of education and has ])een a member of the school board a num- ber of terms. He is a man of firm convictions, candid in the expression of them and zealous in the advocacy of any cause which he es- pouses. The son of so worthy a father, cra- dled and educated under such commendable influences, it is a matter of no surprise to those who know the family that Levi A. Stoner is the frank, sincere and persistent man that he is. JOHN H. KRALL was born in Plain township. Stark county, Ohio, May 23, 1857. His father, Henry Krall, now deceased, was born in Lebanon county, Pennsylvania, while his mother, Catherine (Ringer) Krall, was a native of Stark county, Ohio. The paternal grandfather of the subject was Tobias Krall, one of the early pioneers of Stark county, who came here when his son Heniy was but two }-ears old, and resided here until his death. Henry grew to manhood, married, reared a large family in Plain township, and in 1870 'moved to Ximishillen township, where he re- sided until his death, at the age of seventy years. His wife was also about seventy years of age at the time of her death, which did not occur until .some years after the death of her hu.sband, .she (h'ing in May. igoo. Ten chil- dren were born to Henry Krall and his wife Catharine, the fourth of \vhom was John H., the subject of this sketch. The first thirteen years of his life were spent in Plain township, going thence into Nimishillen township with his i>arenls, where he grew to manhood. He rented and cultivated the old home farm for sixteen years, when, in 1901, he purchased a farm of his own, the one on w-hich he now lives, which was formerly the ^^'illiam Lesh place, to wdiich he moved in the spring of 1902. It consists of one hundred and ele\'en acres, and is fertile and well improved, but much more valuable improvements are now contemplated by Mr. Krall. On the 19th day of Xovember, 1885. John H. Krall was united in marriage to Miss Me- linda Anstine, of Plain township. She is a nati\'e of Pennsylvania, but was only two years of age when she came with her parents to Stark county. Her father was the late John An- stine, of Plain township, her mother's maiden name having been Landis. To Mr. and ]\Irs. John H. Krall two children were born, Jesse and Orra F.. of whijui the fonner is deceased, having passed away at the age of two years. Close application and incessant industry ha\e made John H. Krall what he is, a man very comfortably situated in life. He has al- ways been an agriculturist and every portion of his success has been reaped from the soil. His domestic relations are most hap]\v. Pos- sessed of a comfortable home, with abimdance to supply it, and enjoying the confidence of all his neighbors and acquaintances, it must l>e acknowledged that his life has lieen most suc- cessful. WTLLL-XM C. STEELE, M. D.— The world has little use for the misanthrope. The uni\-ersal brotherhood is widely recognized, as is also the truth that he serves God best who ser\-es his fellow men. No profession calls for greater self-sacrifice or more devoted at- tention than does the medical profession, and the most successful ph}-sician is he who through love of his fellow men gives his time and earn- est attention to the relief of human sufferiiii;'. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 651 The successful physician is bound to make friends wherever he is known and will retain the respect and esteem of all classes of peo- ple. In this respect the ^■illage of New Berlin, Stark county, and all of the country for miles around, is especially blessed in having a most able practitioner in the person of Dr. William C. Steele, of New Berlin. He was born at Mogadore. Summit county, Ohio, Noveml:)er 2/. 1 85 1, and was reared and grew to manhood in that village, receiving his education in the common schools, after which he engaged in clerking in a general store, alxiut the same time being elected justice of the peace. In discharging the duties of his office and at- tending to the business of the store five years of his life were spent. Every moment of his leisure time during this period he devoted to the improxement of his mind by the perusal of useful books. At that time there were very few young people in the locality as well in- formed on all important subjects of interest as he was. About this time he determined to take up the study of medicine, and, entering the office of Dr. J. C. Ferguson, of Mogadore, he applied himself most assiduously to the study of medicine and surgery. Later he en- tered \^'ooster University, at Cle\-eland. tak- ing the course. in the medical department and graduating from that institution in the class of t88i. He immediately repaired to New Berlin, opened an office and entered upon the l)ractice of his profession. In that field of labor he has remained ever since, steadily ex- tending his practice until at this time it is much more than he is physically able to at- tend. Dr. Steele is a memljer of the Canton Medi- cal Society, and president of the Stark County Medical Society, belonging also to the North- eastern jMedical Association and the American Medical Association. He is a memljer of Can- ton Lodge No. 60, Free and Accepted Masons, of Lodge No. 460. Knights of Pythias, of New Berhn, and Tent No. 28, Knights of the Maccabees. Of the latter body Dr. Steele has b^en the examining physician for more than fifteen years. Its membership is over one hun- dred, and during all those years but one death has occurred among the members, thus testi- fying to the ability of the examining physi- cian and the conscientious manner in which the duties of the position are performed by him. On May 20, 1877, at Mogadore, Summit county, Ohio, Dr. William C. Steele was unit- ed in marriage to Miss Louise M. Myers, a native of the village wherein she was married. "a daughter of Hon. F. W. Myers, and a lady of education, talent and refinement. They are the parents of five children, three of whom are living, viz : .May E.. Grace L. and Will- iam W. Homer died in New Berlin, in 1 88 1, when less than two years old, and John E. died in the same place, in 1888, at the age of eight months. The family owns and occupies one of the handsomest and most comfortable homes in New Berlin. The Doctor also owns a small farm convenient to the town, it being well tilled and the operation of which is carefully superintended by him. His large practice, however, gives him little time for the grati- fication of his tastes in agriculture. Dr. Steele is rated by his patrons and the public general- ly as amoug the first of his profession, and per- sonally he is veiy popular. During all the years of his practice he has had many difficult and what were then considered hopeless cases, both in medicine and surgery, in most of which he has been successful, so that there are today manv men and women in New Berlin and the country around who probabh' owe their lives to the skill and care of Dr. Steele. Minor favors men and women may be ingrates enough to forget, but the fa\-or of a life grant- ed them, Avhen death seemed a certainty, sel- dom fails lo stir the warmest impulses of grati- 6s: OLD LANDMARKS tude in the human heart. It is because of such favors as these, and because of his uniform kindness, courtesy and consideration for the feehngs of humanity generally, that Dr. Steele has won such a warm place in the hearts of his fellow citizens. There are few men who deser\'e more than he does at the hands of a community, and there are few com- munities more gratefully ready to acknowl- edge the obligation than is that which inhabits New Berlin and the country about it. JOHN CUMMINS is a native of the old Keystone state of the Union, having been born ' in the city of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, on the 6th of Peltruary, 1853, and being a son of Patrick and Mary (Quinn) Cummins, both of whom were born and reared in the Emerald Isle, being of fine old Irish ancestry. They were married in their native land and shortly afterward, in 1848. they emigrated to America and took up their abode in the city of Pitts- biu'g, Pennsylvania, where the father followed the trade of ])rick molder until about the year i860j when he came to Canton, where he has since maintained his home, being one of the highly respected citizens of the place. His loved and devoted wife was summoned into eternal rest in 1895, at the age of sixty-five years, ha\'ing been a sincere and devout com- municant of St. John's church, Roman Cath- olic, of which her husband likewise is a com- municant and honored member.. They became the parents of eight children, namely : Mary, who resides in Canton with her father; John, the immediate subject of this review; Katy and Margaret, who are twins ; Edward, who resides in Canton, where he is engaged in the butcher business; William Alexander, who is engaged in teaming in Canton ; Frank, who re- sides in Oregon, where he is engaged in the bridge business ; and Catherine, who resides in Canton. John Cummins, subject of this sketch, was seven years of age at the time of the family removal to Canton, and here he was reared to maturity, his educational advantages being somewhat limited, as he was able to attend only through the winter months. He was em- ployed on a farm from his twelfth year and attended the Buck Hill district school, in Can- ton township, where he devoted his attention to the common English branches of study, his discipline in the connection being adequate to form a solid basis for the practical and well rounded education he later received in coimec- tion with the active associations and duties of life. He continued to be identified with farm work until he had attained the age of twenty years, for a time conducting a farm on shares. About the year 1873 he returned to the city of Canton and engaged in teaming, in the em- ploy of the Dannemiller Company, while in 1876 he was appointed a member of the police force of the city, in which capacity he rendered effective service for a period of five years, while in 1S84 he engaged in the draying and moving business on his own responsibility and proved successful in his efforts along this line, while the eventual outcome was the establishment of his present flourishing enterprise. In 1898 he enlarged the scope of his business by provid- ing a storage warehouse, and in 1900 he SC' cured the present excellent facilities in this line by purchasing the Harvey mill property, on East Ninth street, which substantial build- ing he utilizes for storage purposes, the struc- ture being provided with ample protection from loss by fire, while the utmost care is exercised in keeping all goods intact from damage of any sort. Mr. Cummins has built up a large and representative business in the \-arious de- partments of his enterprise, and bis methods have been such as to commend him to the un- equivocal confidence and esteem of the people of the community, so that his business is con- stantly increasing in extent and importance, ^ JJ --i^ £■ a U^//^,^a^ ■7'yC ^<.^^--7^^'^^-Pt4^'^;l-. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 65s while he has the best of facilities in all lines, including moving" vans of modern style and a fine line of drays, etc., so that he is prepared to meet promptly and effectively all demands placed upon him. His business policy has been a progressive one and one of the utmost integ- rity, and none can begrudge him a success so worthily achieved by personal effort, while he is honored as one of the able and representative business men of his home city. In politics Mr. Cummins accords a stanch allegiance to the Democratic party, and he has been incum- bent of offices of public trust and responsi- bility, being at the present time a member of the board of equalization, while for four years he represented his ward in the city council, where he lent his influence in the support of good municipal government and in furthering the best interests of the city. Mr. Cummins and his wife are communicants of St. John's Catholic church, while fraternally he holds membership in the Knights of St. John, the Catholic Mutual Benefit Association and the Knights of Columbus. On the 13th of May, 1880, Mr. Cummins was united in marriage to Miss Mary J. Mon- nin, a daughter of Charles and Josephine (Schobard) Monnin, both of whom were bcriu in France, whence they came to America many years ago, while they finally located in Canton, where both died. The subject and his wife have one child, Norbert, aged twenty-two years, engaged in business with his father. CHARLES A. BOETTLER.— Among the most worthy of Plain township's early set- tlers were the Boettler family, of whom Charles A., the subject of this sketch, is a worthy representative. Charles A. Boettler, of Plain township, Stark county, was born at Uniontown, Sum- mit county, Ohio, March 14, 1862. His fa- ther was Christian Boettler, who was born in Lake township, Stark county, in 1835, resided the greater part of his life in the county of his birth and died at Kent, Portage county, Ohio, Februai-y 25, 1898, in the sixty-fourth year of his age. His wife and the mother of the sub- ject of this sketch was Anna M. Pontius, a native of Plain township, bom April 16, 1835. She is still living, at the age of sixty-seven years, and makes her residence in Louisville. The only cliild born to Christian and Anna Boettler was Charles A., the subject. A por- tion of his youth was passed in each of the counties of Summit, Stark and Portage, most of the time engaged in farm labor, the re- mainder in attendance upon the schools of that day. November 19, 1885, he was united in marriage to Miss Nettie Firestone, at the home of the bride's parents, in Plain township. She was a lady of refinement, good attainments and of an excellent family, born January 10, 1862, the daughter of Hiram and Margaret (Mc- Dowell) Firestone, old residents of Stark coun- ty. Her father died August, 1881, her mother, November 20, 1888. Mrs. Charles Boettler had one sister, Mary E., who' is the wife of Edward S. Correll, and one brother, Henry N. Firestone, a brief review of whose career will be found elsewhere in this volume. To Mr. and Mrs. Boettler four children were born, viz : Birdella F., Floyde E., Lorin W. D. and Christian G., all of whom are bright and in- telligent, worthy descendants of such an hon- orable ancestry. The first three years of the married life of Charles A. Boettler and his young wife were spent at Kent, Portage county, Ohio, after which they settled on the farm where they now reside. It was known at the time as the Hiram Wise place, and consists of two hundred and seven acres of fertile, well improved land. It is well fenced, well ditched and the farm buildings thereon are far superior to the aver- age buildings to be found in this section of Ohio, which is a very high compliment, as no 654 OLD LANDMARKS section of tlie state possesses lietter improve- ments tlian this. It is a splendid piece of land and the manner in which it is cared for and cultivated reflects credit upon the owner. The domestic relations of Mr. Boettler are most happy. Possessing" a comfortable home, with all tlie means necessary to supply every want, with a kind wife and obedient, intelligent chil- dren, he certainly has every reason for con- tentment and satisfaction. JEREMIAH W. HESS.— Since his birth, October 2i.. 1839, a period of sixty-three years, Mr. Hess has been a resident of Stark county. He is well known in the township of his resi- dence, and many of those adjoining, and it is a common expression among his friends and accjuaintances that his word is as good as his note or his bond. Jeremiah \\L Hess was born in Canton township. Stark county, Ohio, the son of Da- vid Hess, a native of Schuylkill county. Penn- sylvania. His mother was Lidia ^^'ierbach. who was born in Canton township. Stark ctnin- ty, but who died at the ag'e of forty-eight years, her husband passing away at the age of eighty- one. Of a family of nine children Jeremiah, the subject of this sketch, was the eldest. He was reared in Bethlehem township. Stark countv, and resided there mitil 1869. when he was thirty years of age. having in the mean- time secured the benefits of a good coniiuon school education. He was thrifty and industri- ous, and bv that time had accumulated suffi- cient of this world's goods to imbue him with an ambition to have a home of his own. March 12, 1869, in St. Josc])!] connty. Michi- g'an, lie was miited in marriage to Miss Sarah Schleiff, a nati\e of Tuscarawas county, Ohio, born September 12, 1843. and the}" established themseh^es on a farm in Jackson township, where they resided for seven }ears, steadily prospering year by year. Erom there they moved to New Berlin and later into Lake township, and again later back to the village of Xew Berlin, where they have since resided. He is the owner oi a splendid, well-improved farm 'of one hundred and sixty acres, besides considerable personal propert}", which affords him a very comfortable income, suffici-ent to supply every want. Mr. and Mrs. Hess are the parents of sev- en children, three of whom are dead, viz : Robert C. died \yhen six months old; Homer D. was two years old at the time of his death; and Charles E. died in Plain township August 6. 1890, his death having been caused by a kick from a horse. The living children are Artilissa, Burton W.. Ellen and Ruby. Ar- tilissa is the wife of A. Eullmer. The parents of Mrs. Jeremiah W. Hess were Jacob and Elizabeth ("Christman) Sdileiff. Her father was a nati\-e of Westmoreland county, Penn- sylvania, and died in Tuscarawas county, Ohio, at the age of seventy-two years, while her mother was Elizabeth Christman. born in Le- high county, Pennsylvania, and who died in Tuscarawas county at the age of fifty-three years. Both were most praiseworthy, estima- ble citizens, highly respected, not only in the place of their nativity, but in the various lo- calities in which they lived, and in Tuscara- was county, where they died. Of this family of six chiildren. Mrs. Hess was the youngest. In politics Mr. Hess is a Democrat, and is always actively interested in behalf of his party. While never seeking jniblic position, local offices ha\"e iieen thrust upon him in near- ly every township in which he has lived. Pie served two ternis as trustee of Jackson town- ship, two terms as trustee of Lake township, and was for a number of years a school direc- tor in the latter township. He and his wife are meml)ers of the Reform church, interested in its work and liberal "u their support of it and every meritorious cause. Personally Mr. Hess is a man of nnicli force of character, there CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 655 being very lew subjects upon which he has not formed an opinion, and he always has the courage of his convictions, candor, frankness and sincerity characterizing every word and act of his hfe. He beheves language was made for the expression of thoughts, not as the I'rench wit. Tally rand, asserted, for the pur- pose of concealing them, and a forceful thought always finds a forceful expression from him. « » » REV. JOHN CHANEY HANLEY.— The family from which Rev. John Chaney Hanley is descended had its origin in England many years ago, the town of Hanley, in Staff- ordsh.ire, being so named in honor of the sub- ject's ancestors. Of the remote history of the Hanleys but little can be learned, but from what is known the family appears to have been eminently respectable and that the name was of much more than urdinary consequence is at- tested by the fact of its having been given the place referred to above. In an early day rep- resentatives of the family crossed over to Ire- land, of \\hich country Charles Hanley, grand- father of the subject, was a native. Charles Hanley was born and reared in Belfast, and spent his entire life in that city, dying a num- ber of years ago. One of his sons, Charles l)y name, also a native of Belfast, was born nn tlie 22d day of AugTist, 1 838. By reason of his parents' somewhat straitened pecuniary cir- cumstances, he received but limited education- al training, and while still a youth took up the carpenter's trade, at which in due time he be- came an efficient \\orkman. About the year 1856 he bade farewell to the land of his birth, and, like many of his countrymen, sought a new home and a new destiny in the great coun- tr}- beyond the sea. of which he had read much and heard many encouraging reports. Susan Curby, who became the wife of Charles Han- ley. was born in East Liverpool, Ohio, August 2, 1838, her parents. Pierce and (Jenk- ins) Curby, having been among the pioneer settlers of Columbiana county. After his marriage Mr. Hanley continued to work at his trade in East- Liverpool until the breaking- out of tlie great Rebellion, when he enlistetl and served until the close of the war. At the expiration of his period of enlistment he re- turned to Columbiana county and resumed his carpentry work, in connection with which he also laliored for some time in a planing mill in East Liverpool. Several years ago he be- came superintendent of buildings for certain pottery companies, and to this line of car- pentery he is still devoting his attention, his home at the present time being- in East Liver- pool. He served his ward for ten years in the common council, after East Liverpool was incorporated as a city, and in many other ways he has been interested in public affairs as an intelligent and enterprising citizen. He and his wife are members of the United Presby- terian church and as devoted Christians they spared no pains in bringing up their children in the nurture and admonition of the Lord. The good seed appears to have fallen upon fer- tile soil as their sons and daughters, ten in all. have grown to the full stature of symmetrically developed manhood and womanhood, a credit to their parents and blessings to the communi- ties in which they live. Rev. James Chaney Hanley \\as born May 13, 1870, in Ea,st Liverpool. Columbiana coun- ty, Ohio, and attended the ])uhlic schools of his native place until his fourteenth year. He then, in 1884, entered the ofiice of the Even- ing Review, a daily jjaper jniljlished in that city, served his apprenticeship and worked at the trade of compositor until 1890, when he withdrew to become a student of Westminster College, New N\'ilmingtoii. Penns\']\-ania, from which he was graduated in 1897. \\'hile pur- suing his studies in the above institution Mr. Hanlev spent a part of two years in the 656 OLD LANDMARKS Mission College of the United Presbyterian church, at Norfolk, Virginia, and after finish- ing his literary education entered in 1897 the seminary at Allegheny, Pennsylvania, where he completed his theological course three years later. Immediately following his graduation Mr. Hanley accepted the pastorate of the Uni- ted Presbyterian church at Fresno, California, spending one year in that jield, at the expira- tion of which time he took charge of his present work in Canton. He entered upon his duties with the church in this city January i, 1902, and has steadily grown in the affections of his people and in the esteem of the public, his la- bors thus far being blessed with a large meas- ure of success. • Although a young man, Mr. Hanley has developed fine powers as a minister and bids fair to rise to a position of distin- guished usefulness in the noble calling to which his life is being devoted. His natural abilities, moulded and strengthened by thorough intel- lectual discipline and theological training, pe- culiarly fit him for the work of the ministry. He is a pleasing speaker, clear and logical in the presentation of the words of divine truth and eloquent m impressing upon the minds and hearts of his hearers the claims of the gospel. The congregation to which he breaks the bread of life is steadily progressing in spir- itual things and under his wise leadership and faithful guidance the work is destined to in- crease in magnitude until the church becomes one of the most aggressive body of worship- ers in the city of Canton. ELT MILLER.— The Miller family is of stanch German extraction, Samuel Miller, the great-great-grandfather of the subject, having passed his entire life in that fatherland which has contributed so valuable an element to American civilization, progress and stable pros- perity. His son, Jacob, great-grandfather of him whose name introduces this article, was born in Germany, about the year 1750, and in 1775 he emigrated to America, settling near Morrison's Cove, Pennsylvania, where his son Jacob, through whom the direct line is traced to the subject, was born on the- i8th of Janu- ary, 1780, and there he was reared to manhood. In the year 1802 he was there united in mar- riage to Miss Elizabeth Smith, and they be- came the parents of two sons, John and David. The former was the father of the subject, and the latter was for many years proprietor of the Talbert Hotel, at New Philadelphia, Tusca- rawus county, Ohio, where he died, having been twice married. The maiden name of his first wife was Salina Davis, and that of his second was a Mrs. Talbert. In 1807 Jacob Miller removed with his family to Ohio, set- tling near the present town of Cadiz, in Har- rison county, where his devoted wife died in 1 810. About two years later Mr. Miller mar- ried Miss Susanna Castater, and they became the parents of twelve children. Their grand- childr(*ii number ninety-eight, great-grandchil- dren one hundred and eighty-six, great-great- grandchildren one hundred and twenty-six, and great-great-great-grandchildren two, bringing the total of their descendants up to the aggregate of four hundred and twenty-six. Finally Jacob Miller' and his family took up their abode on a farm in Pike township. Stark county, and here he lived in peace and content- ment, surrounded by his numerous chil- dren, until his death, on the 26th of December, 1S53, at the age of seventy- three years, while his cherished and de- voted wife long survived him, passing away on the i8th of December, 1880, at the venerable age of eighty-five years. Both rest side by side in the old churchyard of Asbury chapel, which is located on their old homestead farm. Both were zealous and honored members of the IMethodist Episcopal church and did more for the upbuilding and sustaining of its work in the locality in which they resided than ELI MILLER. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 657 did any other lamily, Mr. Miller having been classleader and recording steward for many years. It is but consistent that we offer more de- tailed information in regard to the early career ^ Jacob Miller in Ohio. Upon locating in Harrison county he look up a tract of govern- ment land, which was heavily timbered. He instituted the arduous work of reclaiming the land anil placing it under cultivation, and there he continued to reside for a number of years as one of the pioneers of the county, enduring- all the trials and vicissitudes involved in the conditions and exigencies of place and period. From that locality the family finally removed to a farm on Tinker's creek, south of the city of Cleveland, in Cuyahoga county, and Grand- father Miller now turned his attention to a new and important line of enterprise, that of freighting between Ohio points and the cities of Philadelphia and Baltimore, transportation at this time being had entirely by the overland route, save as the canals and natural water courses coidd be utilized, and the facilities of this sort were few and inadequate. He equipped two si.\-horse wagons, one of which he drove in person, while the father of our subject "tooled" the other, as the modern coaching expression terms it, though one may readily conjecture that there was a vast dift'er- ence in the labor invoh-ed in the early toil and the latter-day recreation. Starting from Ohio, the wagons would be loaded with tiour, bacon and other products of the new state, and on the returii would be brought dry goods, cloth- ing, boots and shoes and othert commodities demanded, the trip being made by way of Pitts- burg, Wheeling and other points. At Wheel- ing, West Virginia, there was but one ferry across the Ohio river, and its operator de- manded an extortionate fee for the transferring of the wagon and hor.ses. Grandfather Miller refused to accede to his demands and stated that unless the ferryman would accept a rea- 41 sonable recompense he would swim the horses across with the loads. The man remained ob- durate, and Mr. Miller carried out his plan, floating the wagons by taking off the stay- chains and with them attaching buoys to the axletrees of the wagons. The crossing was made in safety, and to the evident discomfiture of the ferryman, who thereafter proved amen- able to reason. While thus engaged in the freighting business Jacob Miller also con- ducted a hotel, — or tavern, as the caravan- series were then commonly designated, — oitf Tinker's creek, and here on one occasion he effected the capture of a horse thief through- a bit of wise manoeuvering. The man came along on the back of a fine horse, which was- evidently jaded from long and hard riding-. Pie asked for accommodations for the night and Mr. Miller agreed to provide the same,, though his suspicions had been aroused from' the start. The horse was stabled and the fam- ily and guests went to bed. About one o'clock in the night the man in question arose and en- deavored to leave without arousing the house- hold. Mr. Miller, who was a man of courage and determination, was now fully convinced, that rhe man was a malfactor, and he ordered" "him to return, to his bed, and when a refusal' came he overpowered the thief and strapped him down to await the daylight. In the early morning his pursuers came to the hotel and were overjoyed in being able to apprehend their man, enthusiastically commending Mr. Miller for his discernment and effective action in the case. Jacob Miller came to Pike township, Stark county, and here he eft'ected the purchase of a large tract of land, which he to a large extent reclaimed and placed under cultivation, and there, as already noted, he passed the remainder of his long, honorable and signally useful life, being a man of genial, frank and kindly nature and having the love and esteem of all who knew him. In addition to almost individually -eqs OLD LANDMARKS ^defraying- the expense of erecting the Ashury chapel, situated on one corner of his farm, he contributed se\en lumdred dollars to the erec- tion (if what was undoubtedly the first brick church edifice in Pike township, while to the same cause his son John, father of the subject, contriljuted five hundred dollars. In politics he was a Whig, and he served as township treasurer of Pike township for many years, his word being held as g^ood as any bond ever re- corded or indemnified, John Miller, father of the subject, was born near Morrison's Cove, Pennsylvania, in the year 1805 and was about three years of age when his father came to Ohio. He was reared in Harrison county and on the homestead near Cleveland, while his educational advantages were such as were afforded in the primitive schools of the period. He assisted his father in his freighting operations until he had at- tained the age of twenty-two years, and about that time he signalized his independence and £elf-reliance by assuming connubial responsi- ■ tj'lities, being united in marriage to Miss Eliza Cox, who was born in Venango county, Penn- sylvania, being a daughter of Samuel Cox, who Avas a furnace man in the early days. Samuel Fox came with his family to North Industry. Stark county, where he was engaged in the furnace business for somewhat more than a decade, after which he returned to \'enango count}-, Pennsylvania, where both he and his ■wife passed the rest of their lives. He was a man of fine physique and herculean strength, Aveighing two hundred and twenty pounds, and he gained a wide reputation for his physical prowess, defeating many a liully in fisticuff en- counters, though he never provoked these. On one occasion a man of this character, living at Portsmouth, in the extreme southwestern part of tlic state, came all the way to Stark count)' ert was also reared to maturity in Ireland, and shortly after attaining his majority he set forth to seek his fortunes in America, finally locat- ing in Kentucky. Through his son Robert the lineage is traced to Professor McFarland. When the subject's ancestors landed at Phila- delphia they bought land from the Penns, and an uncle, Thomas S. McFarland, of Cal^le, Ohio, has a copy of the original deed, which contains, among other uncommon features, the privilege "to hunt hawk, fish and burn brush." Robeit McFarland was born in Rockbridge county, Virginia, March 7, 17S2, and owing to the exigencies of time and place his educa- tional advantages were most meager. He learned the trade of harnessmaking, and as a young man canie to Ohio in October, 1806, having worked for a time at his trade in Spring-field. On the 12th of .\pri1. 1812. he made his advent in what is now Champaign county, Ohio, and located on the oLd farm where he died. His financial resources at the time of his last removal were represented in the sum of two dollars and iifty cents, two dol- lars of which he paid out for assistance in the matter of removing his small stock of house- hold goods. He erected a log cabin in the midst of the virgin forest, and was one of the pioneers of the county, where he entered a large tract of government land. He was thrice married, and becaine the father of nineteen children, and that he and five other of the sturdy pioneers of that immediate neighbor- hood would have gained the approval of Presi- dent Roosevelt had they been contemporaries is evident when it is stated that the aggre- gate number of children of these six men was one hundred and forty-nine. Rolsert McFar- land passed the residue of his life on his farm in Champaigii county, having reclaimed a large amount of land and contributed materially to the development and progress of that section of the old Buckeye state. He died on the 28th of December, 1863, at the venerable age of eighty-one years. He saw General Will- iam Henry Harrison as he passed through Mc- Farland's farm on his way to the battle of Tip- pecanoe, and said, "General Harrison, if I ever have a son I will name him after you," and in honor of this distinguished patriot he named his son, William Harrison, who was born shortly after the close of the war. The sub- ject received his name William from this uncle. The ]\IcFarland family has been known from the early days to exemplify the most exalted integrity, the strictest habits of temperance and the utmost loyalty and patriotism, while the majority of its representatives have been iden- tified with the Methodist Episcopal church. Robert ^IcFarland, grandfather of the sub- ject, donated land for a site for the church and cemetery of the locality in which he lived, and in which he was ever held in the highest con- fidence and esteem. At the family re-imion held at St. Paris, Champaign county, Ohio, in 1894, ten of the children of Robert McFarland were present, and their combined ages reached the notable aggregate of seven hundred and fifteen year.s. John Maley McFarland, father of the sub- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 66 1 ject, was born on the old homestead in Cham- paign county, Ohio, on the i8th of February, 1824, and was there reared and educated, be- comine; a man of fine scholastic attainments and devoting his attention to teaching for many years, while he was also a successful farmer, giving his allegiance to the great basic art of agriculture during his entire life at such times as he was not engaged in pedagogic la- bors. On the 19th of May, 1846, he was uni- ted in marriage to Miss Mary Ann Gibbs, who was one of the tirst children born in what is now the city of Urbana, Ohio, the date of her nativity having- been April 26, 1825, while her death occurred on the 14th of July, 1884. John M. ]\IcFarland survived his devoted wife by about a decade, his death occurring on the nth of I\tay, 1895. They became the par- ents of five children, concerning whom the fol- lowing is data: Olivet Alona died in infancy; Robert Ir\-in, who married Miss Agnes Baker, resides on the old homestead farm in' Cham- paign county; William H. is the immediate subject of this sketch; Elizabeth is the wife of Luther Myers, and they now reside in Logan county, Ohio, on a farm; and Harrison Lin- coln, who is a resident of Chattanooga, Ten- nessee, married INIiss Kate Evans, of Cynthi- ana, Kentucky. William H. McFarland was born on the homestead farm, in Concord township, Cham- paign county, Ohio, on the 21st of January, 1S53, and early manifested a distinctive pred- ilection for study, so that his father gave him all possible encouragement and assistance in carrying forward his scholastic work, his ear- ly traming being secured in the public schools of his native county. That his powers of ab- sorption and assimilation were somewhat ex- ceptional is evident when the fact is noted that his initial efforts as a teacher were made when he was but fifteen years of age, and such was his breadth of knowledge and his maturity of judgment that he was successful in his efforts from the very start, while he continued to fol- low the profession of teaching for the long period of twenty-eight years, gaining marked prestige and doing a work whose value will be cumulative for all time in its influence upon those who have received instruction under his direction, for it is certain that the angle of per- sonal influence is ever widening, being benefi- cent or baneful, ing lines come to be aided or none can doubt diverg- while within its constanth' new numbers retarded. In this sense the great responsibility that canopies ever)- human life, and to be honored is he who makes his influ- ence even tend in the direction of the true and good. For three years Professor McFarland was in charge of a ward in Sidney, Shelby- county ; was for two years superintendent of the public schools, of Quinc}"^, Logan county, and later served as superintendent of schools in the following named places in Ohio : Worth- ington, Aberdeen, Groveport, Sabina, Jeft'er- sonville and Yellow Springs, while later he was principal of the high school at New Car- lisle and principal of a large ward school in Springfield for four years. In Columbus he was for five years principal of a large ward school and simultaneously held a similar in- cumbency in a night school, his labors during this period being indefatigable and perforce exacting. Seven hundred and ninety-two pu- pils were enrolled in his day school and three hundred and forty-three in the night school, and it is interesting to note the fact that one of his ambitious pupils in the latter was a ne- gro woman seventy-two years of age. She was in the youngest class and learned to read and write umler the instruction of the subject. In 1895-6 Professor ]\IcFarland, with his fam- ily, resided in Washington, D. C, he teing the subscription manager of the Pathfinder, a weekly paper, of which he is still a stockhold- er. He has been connected with subscription for more than twentv years. 662 OLD ' LANDMARKS In September, 1900. Professor McFarland came to Canton and forthwith entered upon his duties as principal of the South Market Street school, retaining this incumbency until June 20, 1002, since which time he has devoted his attention to buying lots and building houses in the city of Columbus. He owns a large number of first-class houses with all mod- ern improvements, the rental of which brings him a greater income than lie ever received from teaching. He says he does not care to teach any more. Professor McFarland has long been a zealous member of the Methodist Episcopal church, in whose faith he was reared, and has been active in its work, especially that of the Sunday school. From the time of at; tfiining his legal majority he has accorded an unwavering allegiance to the Republican party, his first presidential vote having been cast in support of Rutherford B. Hayes. He is a member of Champion Lodge No. 581, Knights of Pythias, in Columbus. On the 15th of June, 1902, on the occasion of the memorial services of the Knights of Pythias in West Lawn cemetery, at Canton, Professor McFar- land was chosen to place a wreath of flowers upon the casket of the lamented President Mc- Kinley, and on this occasion he delivered an enlogy upon the life and services of the mar- tyred President which called forth the highest encomiums by reason of its appreciation and eloquence, and he received a vote of thanks for his earnest and effective address. He is also identified with the Masonic fraternity, being affiliated with Columbus Lodge No. 30, Free and Accepted Masons, at Columbus, Ohio ; and Canton Chapter No. i, Washington Fraternal Union, of which last organization he is a mem- ber of the board of trustees. At Conover, Miami county, Ohio, on the 6th of September, 1874. was solemnized the marriage of Professor McFarland to Miss Clara Jane Wilgus. who was his pupil while he was teaching in that vicinity. She was born in that county, being a daughter of James and Susan (LeFetre) Wilgus, well known and honored citizens of that section of the state. Professor and Mrs. McFarland have two chil- dren, Ellen Maud, who was born on the 27th of May, 1875, was married, on the 31st of July, 1898. to Ralph Coons, and they now reside at 106 North Twenty-first street, in Columbus, Ohio. On April 10, 1903, Good Friday morn- ing, a daughter called Alice Lucille was born to Mr, and Mrs. Coons, and "Foxy Grandpa."" as he is now familiarly called, is the happiest man in Ohio. Horace Maley, who was born October 6, 1880, is now a min- ing engineer at Birmingham, Alabama. Fie graduated from the Ohio State Uni- versity June 18, 1902, from the min- ing engineering department. He is now locat- ed with the Tennessee Coal, Iron and Railroad Company, the largest corporation in the south, and Professor McFarland is very proud of his son, and he is entitled to this, for the young- man is rising rapidly and will evidently make his mark in the world. The subject is a man of recondite knowledge and forceful individu- ality, while his genial and kindly nature has gained to him the affectionate regard of the many students to whom he has imparted in- struction, and he may well look with pride and satisfaction upon the work which he has ac- complished during the nearly three decades of service in the educational field. The subject has never smoked a cigar, cigarette or pipe, never chewed tobacco nor drank a glass of beer, being a teetotaler. He would readily pass for a man not over thirty-five years of age. PROFESSOR BENJAMIN FRANK- LIN FAUST was born on the Waynesburgh road, near the crossing of Belden avenue (now in the city limits), September 20, 1851, where he lived until five years of age, when, with his parents, he moved east of the city, on the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 663 Georgetown road, where liis mother stih re- sides. From his childhood he manifested a very decided inclination to study, and when about six years old entered the district schools, where his progress was such as soon to place him at the head of all his classes. Not con- tent with pursuing his studies during school hours, he would frequently devote the even- ings to his books, bging encouraged by his par- ents, which proved a great stimulus to the young" student in the acquisition of knowl- edge. Often on his return from the district school he would go to his father's blacksmith shop, where he helped in forging horse-shoes from old wagon tires, using the sledge ham- mer, which afforded him manual training of the true and strenuous kind. At other times he would take his rifle and go to the near-by woods and in an hour or so shoot squirrels enougl: for next day's dinner. He continued his common school work through the winter seasons until his seventeenth year, when, find- ing himself sufficiently advanced to pass the teacher's examination, he secured a certificate and, taking charge of a school a few' miles east of Louisville, taught a winter term, which es- tablished his reputation as an able instructor and judicious disciplinarian. So well pleased were his pupils and patrons with his first at- tempt at educational work that he was retained his own successor during the ensuing two years, and at the close of the third term he was employed to teach in his home district (Mt. Pleasant), where he labored continuously dur- ing the five years following. He attended Mt. Union College and the Smithville Normal School. Meantime he had become skilled at carpentry and when not teaching he w^orked at that trade, dividing his time between the two callings for a period of eight years, being as successful with tools as he was as an educator. Impressed with a desire to make the legal pro- fession his life work, Mr. Faust, about the year 1S77. took up the study of law in the ofitice of Hon. C. T. Meyer, of Canton, and two years later was admitted to the bar and be- gan the practice in this city. During the three years following he built up a lucrative busi- ness, meantime being elected justice of the peace in 1881, the duties of which position fur- nished him a fund of practical information, pe- culiarly valuable in his practice. While serv- ing as justice of the peace, during his leisure moments he took up the study of phonography- and typewriting, in which, by the end of his term of three years, he became quite proficient, and was frequently called to report some very- difficult court cases, one case in particular be- ing unique : Attorneys, judge and Avitnesses were all Germans, and the case was tried in the German language, he making his own trans- lation while reporting the testimony. Prof. Faust became unusually skilled in shorthand, and his ability as a writer and instructor be- ing recognized and appreciated, he was in- duced, in 1884, to take charge of the shorthand department connected with the Canton Busi- ness College, which he sxiccessfully conducted until 1897, when the college changed hands. During 1897-98 he taught commercial branch- es in a local business college, and in 1889 ac- cepted the position he now holds as professor of shorthand and typewriting, teaching in ad- dition commercial arithmetic, commercial geog- raphy and commercial law in the commercial department of the Canton high school, the du- ties of which he has discharged in an able and eminently satisfactory manner to the present time. Prof. Faust occupies a prominent place among the successful teachers of the state and has few equals and no superiors in his lines of educational work. He is a natural in- structor, but he has never been content to rely upon native ability for success ; on the con- trary, he has availed himself of every oppor- tunity to add to his professional knowledge, at the same time developing peculiar tact in imparting instruction until, as already stated. 664 OLD LANDMARKS he has risen to an honorable standing in edu- cational circles, and won a reputation such as few attain. Before his classes he is noted for tact and self-possession, believing "that what is worth doing at all is worth doing well." His thorough training and exhaustive knowl- edge, combined with a personal power as rare as it is admirable, make him complete master of the situation. Not only as a teacher has Prof. Faust come prominently before the public, but in various other capacities he has attracted the attention of the people of his city. From 1893 to 1897 inclusive he was a memter of the city council, and during his four years incumbency in that body proved a safe and judicious legislator, having served on many important committees besides intro- ducing a number of ordinances which had a decided beneficial influence in furthering the interests of the municipality. During his last year as councilman he was president of the council, proving an able and judicious ex- ecutive, making every other consideration subordinate to the one desire of curtailing public expenditures and giving the city an economic and business-like administration. He is a member of the Bi-County Teachers' Association and takes an active interest in the ath Company, of Tole- do, Ohio. After spending three years as agent for that concern he engaged to sell building lots for the .Arlington Land Company, in which capacity he continued one year, meeting with encouraging success the meanwhile. Severing his connection with the above company, he spent one winter firing at the central engine house and in the fall of 1898 was appointed city weighmaster. which position he still holds. Mr. Holzer is an enthusiastic member of Post No. 25, Grand Army of the Republic, at Canton and for a number of years past his name has adorned the records of the Union Veteran Legion. He takes a li\'ely interest in all matters pertaining to the old soldiers and finds m.ucli satisfaction when talking with his comrades of the bloody days and recalling with them tb.e scenes through which they passed dur- ing the iron davs of their endeavor. Formerly he was a Republican in politics, but of recent vears he has been a supjjorter of the Democratic party; He was born and reared a Catholic and has ever remained true to the faith of his fathers, belonging at the present time to the German Catholic church on South I^Iarket street, this city. Mr. Volzer's life has lieen an active and to a considerable extent an eventful one. He came *:o this country poor in purse and A\'ith but little to encourage him, but by honest in- dustry he has succeeded well and by a strict observance of the ethics of life he has won an honorable place in the esteem of his fellow citi- zens. His good name has been a passport to CA\'TO\' AND STARK COUNIY, OlllU. 667 the confidence of the people witli whom he mmgles and liis integrity is of that steriing character wliich always commands the highest respect of the pnblic. Few German-Ameri- can citizens of Canton are as well known as Mr. Volzer and none have shown themselves more worthy of the esteem in which they are held. Mr. and Mrs. Volzer have Ijeen blessed with children as follows : George J-. Christian, Marv. Elizabeth, wife of Jesse Taylor, An- drew, Harry, Monica, wife of Jacob Ballinger, and Minnie, all doing for themselves but the last named, who is still a member of the home circle. Two of the sons, Andrew and Harry, are heads of households, the former marrying a Miss Miller, the latter Miss Hasler. IMPERTQS MARTIN is a representative of a sterling pioneer family, has himself con- trijjuted to the material progress and industrial adxancement of the county and city and it is most consonant that he be accorded a place of di.'^tinction in a work of the proA-ince assigned to this publication. The orthography of the name was originally Matty, and the original progenitors in America emigrated hither from .Switzerland, in the pre-Revolutionary epoch, ha\-ing come from the canton of Basel, where the family had been estaljlished from a time when the "memory of man runneth not to the contrary." From a collateral branch of the family was descended Jacob Martin (born, 1725: died. 1700), a recondite scholar and profound philoso))her, whose remains lie in- terred in an ancient cemetery in Ephrata, Lan- caster county, Pennsylvania, where he died about the year 1700. He, with his brother, Jacob Martin, came to America between 1730 and T7-JO, accompanied by his wife and chil- dren, and they settled in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, where he became a pioneer farm- er, and was the great-grandfather of the sub- ject of this review. It is not definitely estab- lished as to whether or not his son John, grand- father of the subject, was born in Switzerland or after the removal to Lancaster county, where he was reared to maturity and where the residue of his life was passed, his attention having been consecutively given to agricult- ural pursuits. There was solemnized his mar- riage to Miss Sarah Cline, whose parents were born in one of the divisions of Great Britain, and soon after arriving in America her father was captured bv the Indians, who doubtless put him to death, as no trace of him was ever discovered by his bereaved family, who were strangers in a strange land, Mrs. Martin hav- ing been born after her father was thus cap- tured, and having been reared under the direc- tion of the sisters of the Moravian church, at Ephrata, Pennsylvania. She died in Stark countv. Ohio, and was buried one mile south of IMPERTUS MARTIN. Osnaburg. Concerning their children the fol- lowing data is found available: George came to Ohio and his death occurred in the vicinity of Canal Fulton, this state; Jacob died in Lan- caster county, Pennsylvania ; John, father of 668 OLD LANDMARKS the suljjecl. was the next in order nf birth, and died in Stark county, Ohio ; Sarali was twice married, Iier second husband lia\-ing been Fred- erick Albright, and she died in Osnaburg, Ohio ; Anna became the wife of John Krumloff, after whose death she resided in the home of her son John, in Michigan, until her death, her son returning to Stark county, Ohio, where he still resides and is the father of John Krum- loff; Elizabeth Ijecanie the wife of a Mr. De- weese, and her death occurred in Osnaburg, this county, and her grandson, Dr. John De- Aveese, is now a prominent dentist of Canton. John Martin, father of the suljject, was born on a farm sixteen miles northeast of the city of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, in the year 1786, and there he was reared to manhood, re- ceiving a common-school education. He learned the trade of mason and to the same de- voted his attention through practically his en- tire Imsiness career. In his native county he married Miss Catherine Lutz, who was there born and reared, being the eldest of the six children of Adam Lutz, who was one of the first settlers of Lancaster county, where he bought a farm for each of his four sons, all in the immediate vicinity of that upon which he hafl first settled, the four tracts being contig- uous, and he raised the funds to pay for the ex- tra land through the sale of wheat raised on his original tract. He threshed out a load of the wheat each week by the use of horses and cleaned up the product with a primitive fanning mill, whose crank our subject's mother had the l^rivilege of turning", often to the weariness and mortification of the flesh. The wheat was eventually taken to the mill and thence to the city of Philadelphia, where he sold the same for three hundred dollars a load, twenty barrels com])rising a four-horse load, which enaljled him to ])urchase the land for his .sons. He and his sons were stanch Whigs in jjolitics, and the ■son John attained no little prominence in the political alfairs of his nati\-e cmmty. At the time of tiie war of 1812 the father of the sub- ject organized a company and started for the seat of war, but was hot in any battles, and later recei\'ed an honorable discharge. John ]\Iartin continued his residence in Lan- caster county, P'ennsylvania, until 1829, when he sold his property and, in company with his oldest son and daughter and the subject of this sketch, emigrated to Ohio, four of his daugh- ters remaining in Penns_\'hania with the moth- er. She, fearing that Indians still infested the route and that they might more successfully elude them if they did not take the trip. John Martin bought a tract of land in Paris town- ship. Stark county, from the Indians, the same comprising eighty acres, all of which had been cleared except ten acres, and the family abid- ing place was a house of hewed logs. Though the land had been cleared, it was far from being eligible for effective cultivation, many stumps and roots still remaining, while the place was infested with poisonous snakes, including mas- sasaugas, hundreds of which were found and killed each season for several years. Mr. Mar- tin succeeded in placing his farm under culti- vation and making it one of the best in that sec- tion, and after there remaining until the infirm- atics of advanced age necessitated his retire- ment from active labor, he passed the declining years of his life in the home of his sister, Mrs. Krumloff, of Osnaburg township, this county, where he died in November. 1840. Plis wife sur\-ived him se\'eral years, her death occurring near Magaclore, Summit count}'. Her religious faith was that of the River Brethren church, and in politics her husband was a stanch Whig of the old line. Of their children the following record is offered : Mary, who became the wife of Nicholas Wean, died in Bourbon, Indiana; John L., who was married, in Stark county, to Rebecca Caskey. was one of the California ar- gonauts of 1849, making the long and perilous overland trip in company with a party of Can- ton men. one of whi.im, .^annicl Kauffman, was CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 669 killed by the Indians while en route, while George B. Piatt, father of the first wife of the subject, was a member of the same party and was taken ill and died on the route, being buried on the banks of the Platte river; John L. Mar- tin eventually returned to Ohio, and about 1859, accompanied by his family, he again made the journey westward, settling on the north fork of the Platte river, in Nebraska, where he became a prominent and influential citizen, hav- ing lieen admitted to the bar of that state and having served as justice of the peace, judge of probate and in other offices of trust and respon- sibility ; a daughter of his first wife married a Mr. Vienig Berrick, the wealthiest citizen of that locality, and the five children of his second marriage still reside on the homestead farm, where he died about 1893, at a venerable age; Sarah, next in order of birth of the children of John and Catherine (Lutz) Martin, became the wife of George Beckenhaupt, and she died in Paris township. Stark county, in 1869; Cather- ine, who became the wife of Samuel Johnson, died in New Franklin, this county, in 1893, her son, John \A'., having been a soldier in the Civil war and now a resident of Canton; Imper- tus, the immediate subject of this sketch, was the next in order of birth ; Elizabeth, who first marrietl Henry Hohn, after his death became the wife of Jacob Holwick and she now resides in New Franklin; Martha, wife of James Stier, died in Paris township; Adam E., the only child born in the Buckeye state, removed to Brown count}-, Illinois, where he passed the re- mainder of his life, dying in 1891. He was for many years the only Republican in that section and for a number of years he held the office of postmaster at Riplev. where his death occiu'red. In the old stone house erected entirely through the efi'orts of his honored father, on a small tract of land in Cocolico township, Lan- caster county, Peimsylvania, Impertus ]\Iartin, subject of this sketch, \\as born on the 24th of February, 1821, and there he began his educa- tional discipline, which was limited in extent, as he was but eight years of age at the time of his parents' removal to Stark county, Ohio. Here the iirimitive school hoilse of the pioneer days was far distant from the home of the fam- ily, and thus his attendance was of a desultory character. He has a distinct remembrance of the long and weary trip to Ohio from the old Keystone state, and yet the boyish enthusiasm made the trip one of pleasure and never failing interest to him, though they were delayed a few days by his illness, since he suffered an attack of varioloid while en route. The journev was made in a large Conestoga wagon, drawn by two horses, and was accompanied by much dis- comfort and hard labor. Two years after the arrival of the family in Ohio the home was broken up, and thus, at the age of ten years, the subject was thrown on his own resources. He secured a position in Greentown, where his duties were arduous, for he engaged in digging coal and limestone and in the burning of lime, working fourteen hours a day and receiving the princely stipend of four dollars a month and board. Later he went to live with a Mr. Swi- gart, and here he assisted in feeding stock and in other duties about the farm. It is now known as the Infirmary farm. He attended school dm-ing a portion of the time, having the prescience to appreciate the advantages thus afforded him for continuing his educational work. His employer had charge of the county farm at that time and while the subject was there the present county infirmary was in pro- cess of construction. In April, 1S37, Mr. Alartin came to Canton and secured a position as clerk in the general store of Andrew Meyer. Jr., with whom he re- mained two years, while for the ensuing four years he was employed in a similar capacity in the store of M. & J. Laird. He then succeeded John Danner as clerk in the store of Martin Wikidal, for whom he clerked in all nearly ten years, in the meanwhile gaining a high repu- 670 OLD LANDMARKS tation for energy, fidelity and ability, while the experience proved of great practical value to him. Later he was for a time engaged in the manufacture and sale of fanning mills at New Franklin. While there his first marriage oc- curred, and about the year 1859 he engaged in the grocery and produce business in Canton, on the site of the present Eagle block drug store. .A. few years later ]\Ir. Martin purchased the Trump block, where he continued in the same line of enterprise for a short time, when he sold the block to its former owner and re- mo\'ed to the southern part of the city, where he established a wagon factory, the venture having proved unsatisfactory through unfor- tunate outside speculations of disastrous nature, so that he finally sold his business to Eli MilleVi, receiving in exchange the latter's interest in a general store at Sparta, Stark county, Ohio, where the subject entered into partnership with E. Lauft'er, with whom he continued in the business se\eral years. Then he retired from the firm and purchased an interest in the Al- liance Fire Clay Company, at Alliance, being one of the charter members to which city he removed, being made secretary and treasurer of the company. While there located he also entered into a partnership association with his brother-in-law, Joseph W. Hostetter, in the dry-goods business, the alliance continuing one year, at the expiration of which the partnership was dissolved and the stock divided. Mr. Mar- tin again associated himself with Mr. Laufifer, shipping his portion of the goods to Sandyville, where they continued in business for three 3'ears. Mr. Martin did not, however, take up his residence there, but in 1869 returned to Canton, where he formed a limited partnership with Martin L. Best, in the plumbing, steam and gas fitting and galvanized-iron business, under the firm name of Best & Martin. The subject retired at the end of three years and then purchased a furniture and undertaking business, later disposing uf (he furniture busi- ness, but continuing in the undertaking line for some time. Within this period he was elected superintendent of the Ohio State Camp- meeting Association, which is now located at Mt. Vernon, Ohio, and retained the incum- bency for a consecutive term of eighteen years, gaining a wide acquaintanceship throughout the state. In 1878 Mr. Martin purchased a farm in Osnaburg township and there main- tained his residence until iSSij when he traded the same for a larger farm near the village of Waco, Canton township. This was his home for about four years and he then sold the i)rop- erty and purchased ten acres of land in the vil- lage mentioned, erecting buildings on the same, and selling the property to Howard Van Horn, a few years later, when he once more returned to Canton. During his residence on the farm he engaged in the manufacture, sale and renting of awnings and tents, many of which were in requisition in connection with the annual camp- meetings of the association previously men- tioned, as well as others, and in this line of busi- ness he contiiuied up to 1900, the enterprise having been a profitable one. In 1888 Mr. Martin purchased an interest in a farm of one hundred and thirty acres in Paris township, and also an adjoining tract of forty acres, the investment proving an unfortunate one owing to the financial panic which followed a few years later, the property, which had been placed at a valuation of one hundred dollars an acre, selling for only forty-five. He has made vari- ous investments in real estate during' the years past, and has been known as a progress! \e, earnest worker, in whatever field of endeavor he was placed, while his lofty integrity has ever commandcfl unequivocal confidence and esteem. Early in January. 1841. Mr. Martin became a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, an.d iiis is now the distinction of being the 11a- triarch of the church in Canton. He is the eldest nienilicr nf the Simpson church ruid the only li\ing uicnihcr of its original board of CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 671 trustees and the oldest Methodist in Canton. He was brought into the fold of the divine Master and Shepherd through the influence of his eldest brother, and his life has since been consecrated to the work which has been given him to do and to which he has ever striven to be faithful in every particular, while he holds the esteem and affection of the church people, who revere him for his godly life and worthy services during more than three score years. It was through his influence that the edifice of the- First Methodist Episcopal church was es- tablished in its present eligible location, since he was opposed by all the officiary of the church with the exception of the pastor, Rev. Thomas McCleary, and the late Colonel Ball, but the wisdom of the choice is now recognized by all. In politics Mr. Martin was originally a Whig, having been a student of political questions and issues even before attaining his majority, and having been thus led to exercise his right of franchise in the support of Henry Clay for the presidency, in 1844, this being his first presi- dential ^'Ote. His first vote was cast in sup- port of the honored Thomas Corwin for gover- nor of the state. He has lived through all of the presidential administrations of the repub- lic, excepting four and part of the fifth, and his mind, still vigorous and alert, bears the impress of many days, while his reminiscences are very timely and interesting. He became identified with the Republican party at the time of its or- ganization and has ever since advocated its principles. On the 22d of April, 1847, Mr. Martin w-as united in marriage to Miss Mary Jane Piatt, who was a noble Christian woman and a true helpmeet to him. She was born in South- bridge, Massachusetts, in the year 1823. being a daughter of George and Margaret (Dawson) Piatt, honored pioneers of Stark county, and she survived her marriage by only four years, her death occurring on the 12th of May, 1851. 1 About eight years later, on the i6th of August, 1859, Mr. Martin married Miss Eliza Anna Hostetter, daughter of Esquire Joseph Hus- tetter, likewise a pioneer erf the county and a man of prominence and influence in the early days. Mrs. Martin still survives, having been a devoted companion and counselor to her hus- band tluring the long years of their married life, while she has ever seconded him in his earnest work as a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. The subject's children are briefly noted as follows ; William Bramwell, born of the first union, is now a resident of Fremont county, Idaho; George Elba, also of the first union, died in the third year of his age ; of the second marriage, John W. was a teacher for twenty years in Stark county ; Charles Lin- coln, now in New York city; Ida Belle and Ada May, twins, the latter married to Frank L. Grener, and living in Chicago, and Ida B., at home, who has for a number of years been clerking in Canton in the store of William R. Zollinger & Company, and later in the flower store of L. L. Lamborn. DAVID GEHMAN was born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, the date of this import- ane event being March 20, 1841. His parents were Benjamin and Fannie (Sechrist) Gehnian and they had born to them nine children, of whom four survive. The subject was reared upon the home farm and was early inured to the hard labor of the farm. He was given little opportunit}' for acquiring an education, as his father died when the subject was but .fifteen years old and he was thus compelled at that early age to rely upon his own resources. He commenced working out at farm labor for various neighboring farmers, continuing in this way until his marriage, at which time he settled down to farming on his own account, renting- a farm in Nimishillen townshi]) for one year. He then rented a farm of one hundred and seventv- 672 OLD LANDMARKS two acres in Osnaburg townsliip, and in 1866 purchased his present farm, comprising one hundred and a half acres of excellent land, re- mo\ing to his own home on this farm the fol- lowing year. He was prospered here and was later enabled to purchase another farm of forty-five and a half acres a half mile north of Osnabm-g. With the exception of five years passed upon this last purchase, he has since made his home upon the larger tract and there has successfully followed his calling. In 1S63 David Gehman was united in mar- riage with Miss Nancy Wingert, a native of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, her family having come to Stark county, Ohio, about 1840. Her parents were Samuel and Susan (Boucher) Wingert. By this marriage the subject becamfe the father of three children, two of whom survive, Rufus and Ida, the wife of John Rouh, of Osnaburg township. Mrs. Gehman died in 1886 and two years later Mr. Gehman again married, this time to Mrs. John Betts, whose maiden name was Sarah Royer. She also was a native of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania; and is the daughter of David and Nancy (Longanecker) Royer, who came to Stark county about 1852, settling in Nimi- shillen township. In later years they removed to Nebraska, where they both died. The sub- ject has given to his children splendid practical educations and has fitted them in every way possible for successful lives, having also di- vided between them about twenty thousand dol- lars. Politically- ?\lr. Gehman is a stanch and uncompromising Republican and takes a keen and intelligent interest in the success of his party. Religiously he is a member of the German Baptist church and is in hearty sym- pathy with all movements looking to the ad- vancement of the best interests of the commu- nity. He is a man of keen discernment and remarkably clear judgment on all matters per- taining to agriculture and the stock business. He has seldom erred in anv of his transactions and the excellent farm which he now owns, to- gether with other valuable property in his pos- session, is the direct result of well-directed in- dustry and judicious investments. He keeps himself well informed on current events and entertains pronounced views relative to all the great public and political questions of the day, which he has the courage to express when nec- essarv. He and his wife are highly respected by their neighbors and occupy a prominent place among the best people of Osnaburg town- ship. JOHN KRAUSE was born in the village of Mohnhausen, province of Hesse-Cassel. German}-, on the 7th of February, 1837, being a son of Henry and Elizabeth (Nauman) Krause. who were likewise natives of the same province and representatives of fine old Ger- man stock. The father of the subject served the prescribed term as a soldier in the German army and in the fatherland he gave his atten- tion to agricultural pursuits up to the time of his death, in 1840, when the subject was but three years of age, and the mother subsequent- ly married Justius Nauman, who was likewise a farmer by vocation. In 1845 '^^ emigrated with Ids family to America, embarking at Bremen on the schooner "John Detmar," which consumed forty-two days in making the voyage, the little family landing in the city of New York, whence they proceeded to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, in a suburban district of which they took up their abode, there re- maining until 1858. The subject had initiated his educational work in the excellent schools of his fatherland, and after coming to the Uni- ted States he continued his studies in the public scJiools of Aetna, where the family first had their home, and he completed his scholastic discipline bv attending night school, his devo- tion in this line clearly denoting his apprecia- tion of the \-alue of theoretical knowledge as CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 675 a preparation for the active and practical du- ties of life. He was particularly favored in his final course of study, which was prosecuted un- der the direction of Rev. Conrad Kuhn, an able scholar and a clergyman of the Lutheran church. Soon after the family established a home in .\etna, Pennsylvania, the subject of tins review began the active duties of life, se- curing employment as a helper in the furnace department of a local rolling mill, the capacity in which the boy was thus employed being commonly designated in the parlance of the shops as "pull-up." His step-father secured employment as laborer in the same factory in Aetna, and there passed the residue of his life, his death occurring on the 26th of December, 1883, while his wife, the devoted and honored mother of the subject, did not long survive her husband, passing away on the 18th of January of the following year. John Krause, whose name initiates this re- view, has been a resident of Canton, Ohio, for nearly half a century, and here he has not only gained recognition as a representative business man, but his well ordered life has made him an object of uniform confidence and esteem. In 1856 he came to this city, where he was shortly afterward married, and then returned to Aetna, Pennsylvania, where he continued to reside for, eighteen months, at the expiration of which, in 1858, he came once more to Can- ton, and on the 20th of April of that year he began work in the employ, of the Aultman Company, his duties being the setting up of mowing machines, and he thereafter continued to be employed in the works of this concern, which eventually grew to be one. of the most gigantic manufacturing institutions of the sort in the Union, for the long period of forty years, save for a short interval, in 1888, when he was in the employ of John Banner. In 1898 Mr. Krause left the employ of the Aultman Com- pany and accepte 1 a position in the manufac- tory of J. H. Eller, where he held a responsi- 42 ble place, being a trusted employe and one whose long identification with local manufac- turing has been 'such as to give him a place among the veteran sons of industry in the city of Canton, where he is well known and highly esteemed, being a man of inflexible integrity and one whose life has been one of consecutive toil and endeavor. Such men exemplify the dignity of honest toil and their lives offer both lesson and incentive. In 1882 Mr. Krause erected his present attractive and commodious residence, at 1806 East Tuscarawus street, and the same indicates in a degree the care with which he has conserved his resources, for he has made good use of the fruits of his indus- try and is to-day in independent circumstances". In politic.? he gives a stanch allegiance to the Republican party, and his religious views are in harmony with the tenets of the Lutheran' church, in which he was reared. Mr. Krause was one of the first three trustees of the Hart- ford poor fund, his associates having been Messrs. John W. Walser-and Charles Herzen. They laid out the landed estate and platted a portion of the same into city lots, and our subject's home is located on this land. He is- at the present time a member of the board of' trustees which has in charge the erection of the new Auditorium. On April 6, 1903, Mr., Krause was elected a member of the newly created board of public service of the city of Canton, his colleagues being John Buchman and Uriah Reinhold. Mr. Krause is entitled! to be considered one of the pioneers of Canton,, which at the time of his locating here was a village of about eight thousand population, and he has witnessed its development into a fair and prosperous city of about forty-five thou- sand people, while he recalls that all of the present church edifices of the city have been erected during his residence here, while in the east and south ends, where are now many large factories and innumerable residences, in the early days were to be found the open graia «)74 OLD LANDMARKS ■fields of an agricultural district. He is a capa- ble musician and was one of the original mem- "bers of the G. A. R: Band, while he was a mem- TDer of a local band as early as 1858 and con- tinued to he actively identitied with band work amtil 1869. and only one member of the first band vv'itii which he was connected is now in service in that line, that being John Stuerhof. l\[r. Krause is a man of fine physicjue, standing :six feet in height and weighing two hundred and ten pounds. He is genial and kindly and during his long residence in Canton has re- tained the confidence of all with whom he has come in contact, while his circle of friends coin- cides with that of his acquaintances. Revert- ing to his genealog}', we may say that Mr. Krause was the only child of his mother by the first marriage, while by her second marriage she had one son, George l^auman. who is a successfid merchant of Canton and who mar- j-ied Miss Mary Shull. On the 28th of September, 1856. Mr. "Xrause was united iij marriage to Miss Caro- -line Bonn, who was born and reared in Canton, where she has passed her entire life, with the exception of the eighteen months passed in Aetna, Pennsylvania, immediately after her marriage. 'She was born on the ist of Janu- ai\v, 1838, being a daughter of Conrad and jMary (Naunian) Bonn, natives of Hesse- Cassel, Germany, whence they came to .\mer- 3ca about 1832, locating in Pennsylvania, ^vliere they remained until 1834, when they came to Canton, where Mr. Bonn engaged in the work of his trade, that of shoemaking. Tfe died in this city in 1884 and his wife passed ^way in 1891. To Mr. and Mrs. Krause have llieen liorn eight children, concerning whom "we incoqirirate brief record, as follows: Car- Tie is the wife of William McKenzie. of Can- ton; John, who married Annie Porter, served 5is paym'ister in the Spanish-American war, :a;"id while stationed in hdorida contracted a tever which resulteil in his death, which oc- curred on the 30th of INIay, 1900, in the city of Washington, where he was buried; Libbie is the wife of John Whitehead, of New Brigh- ton, i'ennsylvania ; Norman, who is a resident oi the city of Chicago, married Mary ]\hn'pliy; Emerson, of Canton, is not married ; Plomer, wlio married Jennie Taft, is a resident of Can- ton ; Clara is the wife of Frank Skeels, of Canton; and Ruth died in 1892, at the age of eleven years. CHARLES A. ARMSTRONG.— Alex- ander Armstrong, the grandfather of the sub- ject in the agnatic line, was reared in Wash- ington county, Pennsylvania, and was a man of broad information and mature judgment, having wielded no little influence as the editor and pulilisher of the Western Telegraph, in the old Keystone state of the Union. Alexan- der Armstrong eventually resigned his interests in Pennsylvania and removed to Wheeling, West Virginia, where he engaged in the manu- facturing of paper, continuing in this line of enterprise until his death, about 1870. He was of English and Irish descent and the family was founded in America in the colonial epoch, the original progenitors in the new world ha\ing taken up their residence in Pennsyhania, with whose historv the name was long identified. John H. Armstrong, father of the subject, was born in Wheeling, West Virginia, and there he received his preliminary educational discipline, which was effectively supple- mented b\' a course of studv in Bethany College, at Bethany, that state, while he had the a(i(litional advantages of being reared in a cul- tured, and refined home. At an early ;ige he en- tered his father's ]);iper mill, ac(|uiring an inti- mate knowledge of the business in all its details, and for a time was associated with his father in partnership relations. In j86o he w\as married to .\melia 1/ublin at Jacksonville, a native of that ]i!ace. where she was born in the vear 1830, CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 675 being a member of one of the pioneer families of that section of the state and a daughter of Charles F. and Sttsan (Bedillion) Laiblin, the former of whom was of German extraction, the original American ancestors having located here in the pre-Revolutionar}- days, while the Bedillion family was of the historic Holland stock in New York. After their marriage the parents of the subject resided for a time in Wheeling, W'est Virginia, whence they re- moved 'to Missouri, where Mr. Armstrong de- voted his attention to agricultural pursuits until 1868. when he returned to Ohio and located in Zanesville, wliere for, several years he was en- gaged in the mercantile business. In 1872 he came to Stark county, where he lived on a farm, in Pike township, and again turned his attention to agricultural pursuits, in which he was engaged until the time of his death, which occurred at Buffalo, Illinois. He was taken ill on the train while en route to his home and was remo>'ed to a hospital in Buffalo, Illinois, where he died about the month of October, 1876, his remains being brought to Canton for interment. His widow sur^•i^•ed until 18S0, her death oc- curring in Canton, and they rest side by side in Westla\An cemetery. Mr. Armstrong was a devoted member of the Presbyterian church, and Mrs. Armstrong of the Methodist Episco- pal church, and they were folks of sterling in- tegrity of character, esteemed by all who came within the sphere of their gracious influence. Alexander Armstrong identified himself with the Republican party at the time of its organ- ization and e^'er afterward remained a stanch supporter of its cause. Of liis children the fol- lowing is a brief record : Leander A. is a resi- dent of Buffalo, Ne-vv York, where he is en- gaged as a painting contracter : Charles A. is the immediate subject of this review; Lucy C. is the wife of John Butcher, of Canton, and Cora E. is a teacher in the public schools of this city. Charles A. .Vrmstrong was born in the citv of Wheeling, West Virginia, on the 20th of Februar)', 1865, and when he was about two years of age his parents removed to Illinois, thence to Missouri and finally, in 1868, located in Zanesville, Ohio, where the subject secured his preliminary educational discipline in the public schools. In 1872, when he was seven years of age, the family removed to Stark coun- ty, and located on a farm in Pike township, six and one-half miles south of the city of Can- ton. In the vicinity of his home he continued to attend the district schools until he had at- tained the age of twelve years, when he came to Canton to continue his studies in the public schools, attending the local high school until his sixteenth year. His parents having died about this time, Mr. Armstrong was thrown upon his own resources, and he secured a position in the factory of the Canton Cutlery Company, later being engaged in a clerical capacity in the office of the Peerless Reaper Company, while for three years he was an employe of the Campbell Sash & Door Factory. Thereafter he was em- ployed during the summer months at fann work for a period of three years, while during the winters he devoted his attention to teaching in the district schools, his success in the line and his natural predilection for the work lead- ing him to eventually adopt the profession as a \'ocation. His ambition was quickened by his experience and his thorough interest in his work, and he determined to further fortifv In'm- self for the profession of teaching, having in the meanwhile been carrying forward his stud- ies. In 18S9 he was matriculated in Mount I'^nion College, at Alliance, where he completed the classical course and where he was graduated as a member of the class of 1893, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Arts. \Mthin this per- iod he also completed a course of study in the commercial department of the same institution, being graduated in 1891, while he defrayed his expenses through teaching and other work, so that it is evident that determinate purpose anrl 676 OLD LANDMARKS sturdy self-reliance are dominating elements in his nature. In 1892-3 Mr. Armstrong did effective work as principal of the public schools of Wingo, Graves county, Kentucky, and in September of the latter year he accepted the position of principal of the Woodland avenue school in Canton, his efforts in this connection being so prolific in results that he was trans- ferred, at the expiration of his second year, to the liigh school, where he assumed charge of the department of mathematics and English, while in 1901 he was elected to his present re- sponsible office as principal of the high school, in which he has significantly added to his laurels as an able, discriminating and enthusiastic edu- cator, being thoroughly en rapport with his profession and having distinctive facility in imparting instruction and in engender- ing a cumulative interest and enthusiasm on the part of his pupils, while in the ad- ministrative functions of his office he has shown equal discretion and power. In June, 1805. hs received from the Ohio state board of school examiners a life certificate, and in December of the same year a high-school life certificate was likewise conferred upon him by the same executive body. He holds member- ship in the Ohio Academy of Sciences and the Ohio State Teachers' Association, while frater- nally he is identified with the time-iionored or- der of Freemasonry, the Sigma Alpha Epsilon college society and the Junior Order of United American Mechanics. In politics Prof. Arm- strong gives his allegiance to the Republican party and his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the First Methodist church of Canton. He is a gentleman of genial and gra- cious presence, kindly in his intercourse with his fellow men, and his circle of friends is co- incident with that of his acquaintances. His career shows the practical value to be placed upon clearly defined purpose and unwavering integrit\' and honor, and there can be no doubt of his continuuus and consecutive advancement in his important and exacting profession. In the city of Canton, on the i6th of July, 1893, ^^- Armstrong was united in marriage to Miss Alice E. Hershey, who was born in this city, being a daughter of William H. and Mary Hershey, and of this union have been born three children, William Leander, Alice Amelia and Charles John, first two of whom are attending the public schools. The subject and his wife are prominent in the social activities of Canton, and their home is a center of cultured and gra- cious hospitality. REV. AMOS EVANS.— As the name implies, the agnatic lineage of the subject traces back to W^elsh origin, and the family was established on American soil in the co- lonial epoch, the name having- ever stood ex- ponent of sterling integrity and worthy cit- izenship. In the maternal line the genealogy is of German extraction. The original pro- genitor of the Evans family in America took up his residence in Virginia, with whose an- nals the name has been identified for several generations, and in the old Dominion state of the Union Peter Evans, grandfather of the subject, passed his long and useful life, being eighty-six years of age at the time of his death. Henry Evans was born in Hampshire county, Virginia, in the year 1810, and was there reared to maturity, his early educational ad- vantages having been very limited in scope. However, he was a man of alert and vigorous mentality, and through his personal reading and study he gained a wide fund of knowledge, receiving his diploma from that wise head- master, experience, and effectively supplement- ing through his own efforts the advantages that had been denied him in a specific sense. At the age of twenty-four years, with no monev to forlifv himself for the stern battle of CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 677 lite, he left his home and started valiantly forth to make his own way in the world, and he walked the entire distance from Virginia to Lincoln county, Ohio. Upon his arrival in the Buckeye state he secured employment on a farm, though he had previously learned the milling trade. By rigid economy he managed to save a small amount of money from the meager wages received as a farm hand, and his self-reliance and courage were such that he felt justified in assuming connubial responsi- bilities, as is evident from the fact that with- in a few months after coming to Ohio he was united in marriage to Miss Julia Carter, who was a native of the same county in Virginia as he, having been born in 1812, and having been a mere child at the time of her parents' emigration to Lincoln coimty, Ohio, her father. Ha\-ila Carter, having been one of the honored pioneers of that section of the state, where both he and his wife died. Soon after Iiis marriage the father of the subject removed to Hancock county, where he took up a claim of one hundred acres of government land, the greater portion of which was covered with a dense growth of native timber, and after se- curing his claim he returned to Lincoln county for his wife, who soon afterward accompanied him back to the forest wilds in which he pur- posed reclaiming a farm. He erected a prim- itive log hovtse on his land, and the conditions under which he Ijegan his labors were those common to the pioneer epoch. No roads had been constructed, settlers were few and usually far distant from each other, and it required fortitude and great self-denial to face the problem of the lonely life and the arduous toil. Mr. Evans and his devoted wife found themselves equal to the task, being sustained by mutual affection and sympathy and finding a relief from care in the constant labor which fell to the portion of each. Gradually the farm began to change from a forest into well culti- vated fields: the little home was brightened by the presence of children and prosperity smiled upon the noble parents. Mr. Evans continued to reside on his farm until the children had attained years of maturity, and after the death of his loved companion and helpmeet, in 1886, he went to live in the home of his daughter Lucinda, on a neighboring farm, and there he passed the evening of his long and useful life, his death occurring in October, 1896. He and his wife were devoted and zealous members of the Evangelical Association, and ever ex- emplified their Christian faith in their daily walk, and teaching valuable lessons to their children through both precept and example. Mr. Evans was a stanch Democrat in his po- litical proclivities, and he was called upon to serve in various local offices of trust and re- sponsibility, ever holding the implicit confi- dence and unequivocal regard of all who knew him. Henry and Julia (Carter) Evans became the parents of five children, namely : Ransom H., who is a successful farmer of Mercer county, Ohio; Almeda, who is the wife of Noel Fellows, of Benton, this state; Amos, the immediate subject of this review; Lucinda, who is the wife of Irving Powell, of Hancock county; and Simon Carter, who died at the age of thirty-four years. Amos Evans, to whom this sketch is dedi- cated, was born on the old homestead farm in Hancock county, on the 4th of June, 1845, and to him were accorded such limited edu- cational advantages as were afforded by the primitive district schools of the locality and period, while he early became familiar with the work of the farm, to whose improvement and cultivation he contributed his quota, as he waxed strong in mind and body under the invigorating life of the old homestead. His first teacher was a Scotchman, whom he re- calls as an interesting and original character, and his early scholastic discipline was of an irregTilar and desulton,^ nature, owing to the 678 OLD LANDMARKS exigencies of time and place, for much of the time he was unable to attend school by reason of his services being required in connection with the work of the farm. He also worked at felling timber, hauling the logs to the mill, assisting in the operation of the saw mill and kindred duties, and it may readily be inferred that his early life was one into which entered little recreation, little study and much work, and that of an arduous sort. He, however, laid the foundation of a good English education, e\'en under these unauspi- cious conditions, and, being favored with an alert and signally receptive mentality, he managed to advance his knowledge in a very material way as the years sped by. When twenty-eight years of age, ambitious to enlarge his scholastic knowledge, Mr. Evans, through his own efforts, was enabled to take a year's course of study in the Northwestern Uni- versity, at Naperville, Illinois, one of the beautiful suburbs of the city of Chicago. This was after he had decided to prepare himself for the ministry, and it is needless to say that he wasted no time while attending the University. In 1876, after careful and conscientious theo- logical study and due preparation in other ways, he received from the Ohio conference of the Evangelical Association a license to preach, and his first pastoral charge was at Fremont, Sandusky county, where he re- mained one year. The following two years were devoted to earnest and effective work throughout Pickaway county, and thereafter he was pastor of the church at Westerville for three years, the ensuing three years at Ashland, two years at Marshallville, and then passed three years in pastoral work in his home town of Findlay. From that place he went to Baltimore, Fairfield county, where he re- mained two years, at the expiration of which period a division occurred in the church organization, resulting in the formation of what is now known as the United Evangelical church, with which body he became identi- fied at the time of its organization, and he was elected to the office of presiding elder of the entire conference. The conference at that time composed only one presiding elder dis- trict. He was one of five clerg}-men of the original Evangelical Association in the Ohio conference who thus became identified with the new church organization, and he has been one of its most honored and successful minis- ters in the state. After two years' service as presiding elder, Mr. Evans remained for an equal period as pastor of the Baltimore church, and the following two years he held the charge at Gary, Wyandot county. From that place, in October, 1899, he came to Canton and has ever since remained in pastoral charge of the church here, his able and devoted efforts hav- ing been signally effective in infusing vitality into both the spiritual and temporal affairs of the church, while he is known as a forceful, earnest and convincing speaker and as one whose every utterance bears the marks of sin- cerity and definite conviction. Mr. Evans holds a warm place in the hearts of his peo- ple, and is highly esteemed by the community at large. In politics he is an earnest advocate of the principles of the Prohibition party, but when his party has no candidates in the field he gives liis support to those men whom he considers best qualified for office, through ability and upright character, and in such cases he gives no heed to partisan lines. In Fremont, Ohio, on the 8t!i of April. 1878, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Evans to Miss Lillie Ernst, who was born and reared in Mobile, Alabama, where her mother died, and after the Civil war she accompanied her father, John G. Ernst, on his removal to the north, establishing a home in Fremont, this state, where her father passed the residue of his life, his death occurring on or about 1873. Mr. and Mrs. Evans liave three children, namelv : Ernst, who is a student in the Can- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 679 ton high school, as is also Florence Mabel; while the youngest child, Lee Orlando Vin- cent, a lad of thirteen years, is attending the city schools. REV. PEARL HOWARD WELSHL MER is a native of Ohjo and of German de- scent. The first of the father's family to come to this country were three brothers who left the fatherland many years ago and found homes in the state of Pennsylvania. They were honest and industrious tillers of the soil, and did much to promote the material pros- perity of the communities in which they lived and earned the reputation of intelligent and enterprising citizens, demonstrating their loyalty to the country of their adoption by earnest God-fearing lives and a strict observ- ance of the laws of the land. The subject's great-grandfather, a descendant of one of these brothers, was born in Pennsylvania, but in an early day migrated to Fairfield county, Ohio, where he followed the pursuit of agriculture until his death. His son, Samuel Welshimer, the' subject's grandfather, was born and reared in the county of Fairfield and also adopted agri- culture for his life work. Later in life he moved to Union county, this state, and there followed farming with gratifying success un- til the end of his days, also winning the confi- dence and esteem of all with whom he mingled. His wife before her marriage was Anna Griffith, a native of Fairfield county, born of parents whose lineage was Scotch and Irish respectively. Among the children of Samuel and Ann Welshimer wa-s a son by the name of Samuel, whose birth occurred in the county of Fairfield on the 25th day of April, 1851. Li his youth Samuel Welshimer acquired an ele- mentary education in the public schools of his native place and later accompanied his parents to Union cmmty, where in young manhood he was united in marriage to Miss Louisa Wilson, whose birth occurred in the town o£ Somerville, Ohio, January 27, 1849. Mrs^ Welshimer was the daughter of Archibald and Margaret (Thompson) Wilson, natives of Virginia, the mother descended from a very- wealthy planter and a large slaveholder of that state. Mr. and Mrs. W"ilson came to Ohio in?, an early day and for a number of years taught in the public schools of Union and Logaii: counties, both earning- enviable reputations as- educators. They lived useful lives andl linished their earthly sojourn in the county of Logan, where their todies now sleep the sleep from which they, will only be awakened" by the angel of the resurrection. After com- pleting the common school course Mrs. Wel- shimer attended the Northwood Xonnal School, where she fitted herself for the pro- fession of teaching. She taught, successfully- in her own and other counties for a period of eight years, and after marriage she and her husband settled on a farm near the town of York, Union county, where they lived untiL removing to West Manslield, a short time after- wards. Mr. Welshimer engaged in the lumber business at West Mansfield and still follows the same with gratifying financial results. He is a gentleman of intelligence and excellent character, a devout member of the Christian! church and in e\'ery respect a progressive and representative citizen. Politically an ardent Republican, he is not a partisan in the sense of aspiring to public distinction, preferring a business life to any office within the power of the people to bestow. Mrs. Welshimer is a lady of unusual intelligence and culture, po- sesses a beautiful Christian character and her activity in religious work has been of great benefit to the Disciple congregation with which she is identified. To this excellent couple have been born three children, of whom the siib- ject of this review is the oldest ; the others are Herbert Wilton, who married Miss Lena H;itliaway and is engaged in merchandising at 68o OLD LANDMARKS West Mansfield, and William, a telegrapher at Bellefontaine, this state. Rev. Pearl Howard Welshimer was born near the town of York, Union county, Ohio, on the 6th day of April, 1873. It is recognized as an incontrovertible fact that a man's life is largely influenced by his early environment, as that is the formative period and the "child becomes father to the man." Young Welshi- mer was signally favored in his early sur- roundings, having had the care and attention of devoted and loving parents and the in- fluences of a refined Christian home. He comes of a family noted for pure and simple piety and devotion to the cause of religion, while there has ever been fostered a regard for the deepest charity and a leniency of judgment, concerning the shortcomings of humanity. From his father he inherited that sturdiness of character and Kne for the right which has •ever marked his public career, while from his mother come the gentle graces and loving so- licitude for others, that have added so much to liis success in his holy office. Mr. Welshimer attended the public schools of his native coun- ty and those of West Mansfield until the age of eighteen, graduating from the high school at the latter place in April, 1891. Meanwhile he taught one term and after completing the high school course devoted about the same length of time to educational work, meeting ■with encouraging success as an instructor. From his twelfth to his seventeenth year he spent his vacation as clerk in a mercantile house at West Mansfield and in that capacity acquired a practical knowledge of business and an acquaintance with the world, which every man in any profession should have. The bet- ter to prepare himself for the noble calling to which he had decided to devote his talents, Mr. Welshimer, in 1892, entered the college at Ada, where he prosecuted his literary studies until his graduation, two years later, aftc" which he became a student at ITirani College, taking the ministerial course. While pursuing his theological studies in the latter institution he did much ministerial work as pastor of the Christian church at Champion, Trumbull county, and after his graduation in 1897 he took charge of the church at Millers- burg, where he labored with great acceptance until 1902. In January of the latter year, Mr. Welshmier accepted a call to the First Christ- ian church at Canton, a large, flourishing and influential congregation, to which he has since ministered with much success, growing con- stantly in the love and esteem of his people and winning the confidence and good will of the people of the city, irrespective of creed or belief. As a speaker Mr. Welshimer is clear, forceful and eloquent and his every utterance rings with sincerity and honest conviction. A master of the art of public discourse, he is enabled to present the claims of the gospel in such a way as to entertain as well as instruct his audiences and his earnest and impassioned words reveal the deep fervor with which he is imbued in discussing divine truths, which are thus made to appeal more strongly to those to \\hom addressed. His mind is carefully disci- plined, analytical and of broad grasp, which, with his keen perception and quick, lively sympathy, makes him a power in his chosen field of labor. It is seldom that one of his years has attained so great prominence in the ministry, but his abilities are widely recognized and his genuine worth, both in tlie pulpit and v,"ithout, has placed him among the foremost of those engaged in preaching the pure, simple gospel of Christ according to the teachings and practices of the primitive church. Mr. Welshimer's labors have been greatly blessed ■ in winning souls to the better life and since taking pastoral charge of the Canton church many accessions have been made to the con- gregation through bis instrumentality. The organization is prosperous in all of its lines CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 681 of work and never in its history have its af- fairs been in better condition than during the short pastorate beginning in 1902. On the 15th of May, lyoo, Mr. Welshi- nier was united in marriage with Miss Clara Hornig, of VermilHon, Ohio, daughter of Jacob and Catherine (Baldwick) Hornig, the union resulting in one child, Helen Louise. Mrs. Welshimer has proved a tme helpmeet to her husband in his holy office, her sympa- thetic and generous nature having won the love and confidence of all coming within the sphere of her gracious influence and pleasing personality. While deeply interested in the noble work to which he has been called and in whicli he has been such a potent factor for good, Mr. Welshimer keeps in touch with the great world of secular affairs, which every true American citizen should do. He reads much, is remarkably well informed upon the leading questions and issues of the day and, as a Prohibitionist, votes his sentiments with- out fear or favor, though taking little part in party matters. REV. GEORGE M. SCHMUCKER.— A full meed of honor and affectionate regard is accorded to the subject of this review, who is pastor of the Martin Luther church in the city of Canton, and whose life has been consecrated to exalted aims, — that of devoted service in the vineyard of the divine Master, and in the uplifting of his fellow men. It is interesting to note the fact that both his father and grandfather were clergymen of the Lutheran church, in whose ministry have also served numerous other members of the family in past generations. As touching the gen- ealogy of Mr. Schmucker it is consistent to quote, somewhat at length, from an article pre- pared for a history of the Ohio synod of the Lutheran church. The sketch is initiated with particular reference to the father of the sub- ject and in the following words : "Rev. George Schmucker, whose life's labors were spent among the West Virginia mountains, was a son of Rev. John Nicholas Schmucker, who immigrated to this country in 1785, from Michaelstadt, county of Erbach, Hessen- Darmstadt, Germany. The records of the church at Milchaelstadt trace the family gen- ealogy back to the early part of the eighteenth century. Prior to that time they came from Switzerland. The sons of this sturdy German immigrant were John Ferdinand, John George, John Nicholas, John Jacob and John Peter. Upon their arrival here they located in Lehigh county, Pennsylvania, and after a short stay there removed to Manheim, Pennsylvania, and thence to Woodstock, Virginia. Of the five sons three were preachers. * * * John Nicholas (grandfather of the subject), born September 24, 1779, was licensed by the Penn- sylvania ministerium and served congregations in and around Woodstock, Virginia. He was one of the founders and the first president of the Virginia synod, which was organized in his own church at Woodstock, on the loth of August, 1829. He served various congre- gations in the Shenandoah valley of Virginia, for more than forty years. He died February g, 1855, and is buried in the old Mallow cemetery in Pendleton county. West Virginia. His son. Rev. George Schmucker, was bom February 16, 1 807, near Woodstock, Virginia, and in his early infancy was baptized by his father in the Zion church, on Stony creek, Virginia. In this same church he was also catechised and confirmed by his father. In his youth the desire seized him to become a minister of the gospel, and though his father opposed this noble desire he could not be in- duced to relinquish the same. Accordingly he began his studies in a school organized by Rev. S. S. Schmucker (his cousin), at New- market, Virginia, in 1823, and which was three years later removed to Gettysburg, Penn- 682 OLD LANDMARKS sylvania, in 1826, and incorporated as the Pennsylvania Theological Seminary. In 1835 George Schmucker finished his course at Get- tysburg and was licensed the same year by the synod of Virginia. He took charge of some of the congregations of his father and served them until 1841. At this time his father made a \'isit to Pendleton and Hardy counties (now- West Virginia), and on his return home re- ported so great need of some one to break the lirend of life in that locality that the son was impelled to resign his charges and move to Pendleton county the same year." Of his work farther mention is made, drawing from the same source of information, but resorting to condensation and metaphrase, as in har- monv \\itli the limitations of this publication. Rev. George Schmucker gave his service to six different congregations, and was compelled to traverse an extreme distance of forty-five miles, over rough and hilly roads, in thus ministering to those over whom he assumed spiritual gaiidance. He thus traveled back and furth on horseback and continued his labors for the long period of forty years. As has been appreciatively said, "God's blessing rested upon his labors." Many of his congre- gations grew very large for that country, where people are so sparsely settled. The great Civil war almost paralyzed his work. Two of the congregations were scattered on account of sectional factions, and one of the church buildings was burned. After the war the fragments of the flocks were gathered up and are today earnest and faithful congre- gations. Father Schnnicker was well known and highly respected throughout Pendleton, Highland and Hardy counties, and in many instances he ministered to families even to tli€ third generation. Persons came to him for temporal as well as spiritual advice. He fell asleep in Jesus on the loth day of August, 1886, and his remains now rest beside those of his lather, in the old family burying ground. In 1830 was solemnized his marriage to Miss Sarah Hahni, who was born in Shenandoah, benig a daughter of Jacob Hahm, and she was summoned into eternal rest on the 4th of September, 1900. at the age of eighty-three years, having been an earnest and self- abnegating supporter of her husband in his arduous labors and having also been a de- voted mother to her children, who may well rise up and call her blessed. Of this union were born four sons and four daughters, namely : Henrietta Jane, Mary Elizabeth, Samuel Luther, William Mosheim, Martha, Jacoli Nicholas, Hanna Priscilla and George Melanchthon. Rev. George M. Schmucker, the immediate subject of this sketch, was born in Upper Tract, Pendleton county, West Vii'ginia, on the 19th of August, 1857, and he passed his boyhood days on the farm there owned by his father, while among his early duties he devoted much of his time to tramping over the mount- ains tending cattle, the agricultural resources of that section being very limited. When about six years of age he began his scholastic dis- cipline by attending the poorly equipped dis-, trict school, which was located a considerable distance from his home, which fact, together with that of his services being demanded in connection with the work of the homestead, caused his attendance to be somewhat irreg- ular and desultory. When but eight years of age, while playing about the sugar-cane mills of his father, he met with a most unfortunate accident, his left hand being drawn into the machine and so crushed as to render necessary its amputation at the wrist. In 1873 ^^ entered the Polytechnic College at Newmarket, Virginia, where he completed the prescrilied curriculum and was graduated as a member of the class of 1877, and during the ensuing year he was successfully engaged in teaching school in his native county. His experience in choosintr a vocation in life was somewhat CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 683 differentiated from tiiat of his father, who, it will be recalled, was discouraged from entering the ministry by his sire, but persisted in his aim, while the subject early manifested a desire to prepare himself for the profession of the law, but it was his portion to have his hon- ored and revered father urge him rather to become a clergyman of the church in which he himself has so long and faithfully served. Ever mindful of the wishes of his father and relying strongly upon his advice and counsel, the subject was finally lead to follow his earnest admonition and entreaty in this con- nection and thus determined to prepare him- self for the ministry of the church in which he had been reared. In view of the marked spiritual and temporal success which has at- tended his efforts in his holy calling, as well as in consideration of the maximum satis- faction and joy which have come to him as a follower in the steps of the lowly Nazarene, there can be none to doubt the wisdom of his choice. In 1877 Mr. Schmucker was matric- ulated in the Capital University, in the city of Columbus, Ohio, where he was enabled to enter the junior class at this time, and here he was duly graduated as a member of the class of 1880, having completed the classical course in the regular literary department. He then entereil the theological seminary of the same institution, which is conducted under the auspices of the Lutheran church, and was graduated in 1883, being at this time ordained and instituted as. a minister of the Evan- gelical Lutheran church, while on the ist of April of that year he was installed as pastor of the church at Carrollton, Carroll vounty, retaining this charge until January i, 1888, and doing much to advance the work of the church and to vitalize all departments of its service, spiritual, benevolent and temporal. He was then assigned to the pastorate of the church at Waynesburg, Stark county, and also assumed charge of various missionary organi- zations under its auspicies and in the \'icinity, and here he continued to labor until the ist of April, 1893. Then in response to a call from the mission board of his church, he came to Canton and here organized the first church of the Evangelical Lutheran denomination, the organization of the society having been effected on the 16th of June of that year, in the school building of the German Lutheran church, on East Tuscarawas street, whose members kindly encouraged and aided in the movement. At the inception the membership of the church in- cluded only one hundred and thirty persons, and in evidence of the devoted and indefati- gable efforts of Mr. Schmucker stands the grati- fying condition of the church today, the mem- bership roll now including four hundred and seventy-five names, while the congregation worship in a well equipped edifice erected in 1893. Mr. Schmucker is a forceful and con- vincing speaker and his every utterance bears the impress of sincerity and earnestness, while he is equally potent in the pastoral and ad- ministrative functions of his office, as is shown in the rapid building up of the church organi- zation under his direction. Politically the subject maintains an inde- pendent attitude, though warm in his defense of the principles of prohibition. He takes an active interest also in educational work, and for three years he served as a member of the board of school examiners of Carroll county, while he has been called upon to lecture before the students of various colleges, and for the past ten years has been a valued member of the board of trustees of Lima College, at Lima, Ohio. On the 19th of June, 1886, in Carrollton, Carroll county, Ohio, was solemnized the mar- riage of Mr. Schmucker to Miss Mary Byder, who was born in that town on the 7th of Janu- ary, 1867, and there reared and educated, be- ing a daughter of John G. and Margaret (Buck) Byder, the latter of whom is now de- /-' -£"™. £^£: ^.7t^&m.Tts tf^r*J\/n^ 7//.M://r CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 685 of St. Josepii when Dorsey, one of the most noted anti-slavery agitators of Kansas and Missouri, was arrested and imprisoned. He was also an eye witness of Dorsey's release by John Brown and his companion, who in the night pried up the corner of the jail, so as to let the prisoner escape. This was in 1858, during Mr. Schott's third western trip, the other two, aside from long, tiresome wander- ings over a wild and sparsely settled country, having been devoid of incident or adventure of especial note. On his return from his third trip, Mr. Schott was married, in Waynesburg, Ohio, to Miss Caroline Brinkle, who after several years of happy wedded life died in the city of Can- ton. Subsequently he entered the marriage re- lation with Miss Rosanna Kessler, of .Stark county, a union terminated by the death of the wife, after, which he chose for his third com- panion Miss Magdalene Markle, of Canton, who still survives. Meanwhile Mr. Schott con- tinued to work at his trade and by careful management succeeded in acquiring some means, which he concluded to invest in western real estate. Accordingly he made another journey to the west, this time to Texas, taking the trip at the instance of the Texas Central Raili'oad, then in process of constiaiction. Writing to the management of this enterprise concerning its lands, he received a favorable reply, with a free pass to Texas and return. In company with four companions, he made an extensive tour of the state with the object of investment in view, visiting, in the course of his travels, Dennison, F"t. Wortb and many other important points. During the great part of the time the little company rode on horse- back, over a wild, unsettled country, camping wherever night o\-ertook them and not infre- quently meeting with dangers which upon more than one occasion came very nearly resulting in the death of the five intrepid travelers. At that time the Comanche Indians were on the war path and without realizing their proximity to the savages Mr. Schott and his companions rode into the hostile country. When they fully appreciated their danger it required the utmost care and vigilance to keep a safe distance be- tween them and the lurking foes. Upon one occasion, when about going into camp for the night, ]\Ir. Schott suggested that they should sleep on a high bluff near by instead of in the valley, where several other parties had already pitched their tents. After some persuasion he succeeded in carrying his point and the sequel demonstrated the wisdom of his argument. During the night the Indians stealthily crept upon those who encamped below and the next morning nothing but mangled bodies remained to tell the tale of their horrible massacre. While in Texas Mr. Schott borrowed of a friend sufficient money to purchase four hun- dred acres of land in Grayson county, for which he paid the sum of one thousand dol- lars. He also bought one hundred and sixty acres within the present corporate limits of Dennison, which he afterwards sold at a large profit, also realizing three thousand dollars from the former tract, which he disposed of a few years after making the purchase. In 1877 Mr. Schott made still another western trip, during which he speculated quite extensively in lands, never failing to realize liberally upon his investments. He owns at this time four hundred and fifty acres of fine land in Grayson county, Texas, upon which he settled three of his children, thus furnishing them comfortable homes, besides in other ways assisting them to get a start in life. In addition to his western real estate, he has valuable farm lands to the amount of four hundred and ten acres in Ash- tabula county, Ohio, besides fine city property, both residence and business, which returns him every year a large part of his income. Mr. Schott purchased the lot in Canton now occu- pied by the Mechanics block when there was nothing but an old log cabin to mark the site. i 6>6 OLD LANDMARKS and, in partnership with two other parties, built the handsome lousiness structure which now adorns the ground. When he erected his present liome on Cherry street there were no other buildings near, but, realizing that the city would soon grow in that direction, he made the investment and time has demonstrated his good judgment and rare foresight. He has greatly jmproved his property by planting trees, constructing walks, grading the street, thus adding materially to its value as well as increasing its attractiveness as one of the most desirable residence portions of the city. Mr. Schott, in partnership with F. Her- bruck and John Werner, organized the Na- tional Wringer Company and within a short time the present buildings were erected and the establishment put into successful operation. Mr. Schott was elected treasurer of the con- cern and under his able management it has be- come one of the substantial industries of Can- ton, the manufactured product having a large sale in every state of the Union. It is operated at full capacity to meet the demands of the trade and it is a matter of easy prophecy to predict an enlargement at no distant day. In addition to his manufacturing enterprises and real estate interests, Air. Schott for several years was (|uite extensi\-elv engaged in the ice business. He built large bouses on Fitzgerald lake, from which he shipped immense f|uanli- ties to Cleveland where he carried on a lucra- tive trade until the spring of 190J, when be turned the business over to his son-in-law. l)y whom it is now successfully managed. Mr. Schott has been an enter])rising and indefati- gable worker, and from his youth to the present time b.is career has been characterized l)y an energy and determination which ne\er left success a matter of doubt. Mr. Schott is a comiianionable gentleman and has many warm personal friends in the city of Canton and elsewhere. I'ublic spirited, lie has ever manifested an active interest in the material prosperity of the city of his resi- dence and in the furtherance of the moral status his influence has also been a potential factor. Politically he is a Democrat and as such has twice served in the city council from a ward which is normally Republican by a re- liable majorit}', thus demonstrating his popu- larity as a safe and reliable municipal legisla- tor irrespective of party. Religiously he was born and reared a Catholic and has ever re- mained unswervingly loyal to the mother church, in the faith of which his children have been dutifully instructed. Himself and family belong to St. John's church in this city, to the support of which he has for many years been a liberal contributor. By bis iirst wife Mr. Schott is the father of three children, Sylvanus, a fanner and stock raiser of Grayson county, Texas, where he owns four large farms; William, also a cattle dealer of that state, who has four thousand acres of land adjacent to the "Staked Plains;" and Ella, wife of Sylvester Halter, of Cleve- land. Ohio. 'Jdie second marriage resulted in one son and one daughter, namely: .Mbert, who diied at the age of twenty-two, and .Vtldie, wh.o married John Hunter and lives on a two- thousand-acre farm in Texas.' Mr. Schott's pi-esent wife has borne him two children, Sadie, who lives with her parents, and Emma, wife of William Fitzgerald, a resident of Canton. REV. FREDERICK C. NAU, pastor of the German Reformed church of Canton, Ohio, iidierits the sterling characteristics of French and German ancestry, the paternal side of the family being traceable to the former nationality. His grandfather, Louis Nau, was a native of German}-. Ixun in the province of Hesse, where be s])ent the greater part of his life. Later he joined his son. Hemy, in the I'^nited .States, and settled at Mt. l'"aton, Wayne county, Ohio, where he li\ed the remainder of bis davs, dv- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 687 ing a number of years ago esteemed and hon- ored for his sturdy honesty and genuine worth. Henry Nau, father of the subject of this re- view, was born in the Httle town of Homberg, Hesse, but grew to maturity principahy in the city of Cassel. After attending the pubhc school until the age of fourteen he entered the teachers' seminary in Cassel, where he prepared himself for teaching, which profession he fol- lowed for several years in Bremen, earning an enviable reputation as an able and accom- plished educator. Thinking to influence his financial condition in the United States, of which country he had read much, and which he believed to abound in better oppor- tur.ities for young men than his native land, he Ijade adieu to Germany in 1864 and sailed for the new world. For several years following his arrival he taught in the parochial schools at fialion, Ohio, and later became principal of the German schools in the city of Columbus, the state capital. Mr. Nau had been reared in a Christian home and through the influence of pious parents re was early led to give his heart to God and to devote his life to the Master's service. Believing that duty pointed in the direction of the public ministry, he entered that holy calling in 1875, ^""'^ ^''^t charge being the German Reformed church in the city of Bucy- rus. Subsequently he served, at different times, the congregations at Bellaire, Mt. Eat(jn. New Bavaria and Sandusky, besides preaching at intervals at various other places. Rev. Nau was not only a clear, forcible and popular preacher, but a profound theologian as well, and in due time he took high rank among the clergy of his church. After his pastorate at Sandusky he was made editor of the German juvenile periodical of the German Reformed church. While holding this re- sponsible position he lived in Cleveland, where the publishing house of the church is located, moving- to that city in 1890 and maintaining a residence there until resigning the editorial ' chair, eleven years later. As a preacher he displays much talent and education, and as a writer his articles have always been character- ized by versatility, elegance of diction, clear- ness and beauty of thought. He has been one of the scholarly and useful men in his denomi- nation and, although living the quiet, content- ed life of a farmer in Huron county at the pres- ent time, still keeps in touch with current re- ligious thought and frequently fills pulpits near his home and elsewhere, besides taking an ac- tive interest in the public affairs of the church. Henry Nau was married, in Galion, Ohio, to Miss Catherine Lanius, a native of that city and daughter of the late Peter Lanius, a union which resulted in ten children, the subject of this sketch being the second in order of birth. Rev. Frederick C. Nau is a native of Co- lumbus, Ohio, and dates his birth from the 2d day of December, tSyT. After attending the public schools of the various cities and towns in which his father preached, he entered, at the age of sixteen. Calvin College, at Cleveland, where he pursued his studies until completing a full classical course, graduating in 1893 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, meantime hav- ing decided to make the ministry his life work. He began his theological studies in the semi- nary of Heidelberg College, from which institu- tion he was graduated with the class of 1S96, and shortly thereafter was appointed to his present charge, the First Reformed church of Canton. Rev. Nau has more than met the high ex- pectations of his friends, and among his parish- ioners he is held ir, profound esteem for his ability as an able and eloquent expoiuider of the word of truth, and for the substantial growth the church has enjoyed under his pas- torate. When he took charge of the work in this city the membership of the congregation numbered about five hundred and seventy-five, but tln'ough his instrumenlality it has since been increased until the records now show 688 OLD LANDMARKS eleven hundred now belonging, a gain of about seventy per cent in a little over six years. Not the least evidence of his enterprising spirit is the present fine condition of the temple of wor- ship, a large and beautiful structure which he had thoroughly remodeled and rededicated in 1898 at an expenditure of fifteen thousand dollars. Rev. Nau, like every good and patriotic citizen, manifests considerable interest in pub- lic aiifairs, and votes his sentiments fearlessly, also keeps himself well informed relative to the gi'eat political, economic and industrial ques- tions now before the American people. Fra- ternally he is a Knight of Pythias, belonging to the canton degree in the latter organization. Rev. Nau's marriage was solemnized at Lima, in 1S96, with Miss Angelina Cantieny, a resi- dent of that city and a descendant of an old family that lived for many generations near the border of Italy, in the south part of Swit- zerland. She has borne her husband two chil- dren, whose names are Catherine and Dorothy. PHITJP SPIERER was born in the prov- ince of Alsace, France, which is now a portion of the German empire, the date of his nativity having been February 20. 1832, while he was a son of Peter and Barbara (Smith) Sherer, both of whom were Ijorn and reared in that same province, where the father was engaged in agricultural pursuits up to the time of his emigration to America. In his family were eight children, of wliom the following named five are living at the present time: Peter and George, who are identified with farming in Carroll county, this state; Christ, who is a res- ident of the city of Canton, Stark county; Christena, who is the wife of John Berger, of Sandy township, this county ; and Frederick, who is a resident of St. Joseph county. Indiana. In 1847 the family emigrated to the United States and, coming to Stark county, located in Pike township, where the father of our subject purchased a farm of eighty acres, where he con- tinued to make his home for several years, after which he disposed of the property and purchased a tract of one hundred and three acres' in the southern part of Canton town- ship, where he and his devoted wife passed the remainder of their li\es, being honest, indus- trious and God-fearing persons and command- ing unqualified confidence and regard in the community. The father had accumulated a competency in his native land and had con- verted his property into cash at the time of his emigration to America, but the greater por- tion of his money was stolen on shipboard while the family were en route, so that he was handicapped to a greater degree than he had anticipated when he established his new home. By energy and good management, however, he retrieved his fortunes, in a comparative sense, before he was called from the scene of life's activities. Peter Sherer and his wife were devoted members of " the Reformed churcli, being identified with the church in Can- ton whose pastor was the late and honored Dr. Herbruck. In politics Mr. Sherer was a stanch adherent of the Whig party. Four of his sons were valiant and faithful soldiers in the war of the Rebellion, Philip, the immediate subject of this memoir, and George, Frederick and Peter. Philip Sherer received his early educational discipline in his native province of Alsace, and was fifteen years of age at the time of the fam- ily's emigration to America. He had been edu- cated in a German school and upon coming to Stark county he entered the district school in the vicinity of his home, but his schoolmates so ridiculed him on account of his not know- ing the English language and making undoubt- edly laughable mistakes, that he refused to con- tinue in the school, and the year after coming to Stark county he entered upon an apprentice- ship at the trade of shoemaking, becoming a skilled workman and devoting his attention to PHILIP SHERER. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 689 this vocation until he had attained the age of twenty-seven years. He then purchased a farm of eighty acres, in Sandy township, and in con- nection with the cultivation of the same he also engaged in the butchering business, in which he continued until 1879, while for two years of this inter\\al he conducted a meat market in Canton, Ijeing associated with a partner, whose poor management entailed failure to the enterprise, and the business was closed out, Mr. Sherer meeting with heavy financial loss in the connection. In 1875 he disposed of his farm and purchased the present fine homestead of the family, in Osnaburg township, the same comprising two hundred and ninety-three acres and being one of the most valuable and well improved landed estates in this portion of the county. Mr. Sherer was a man of insistent activity and enteiprise, was endowed with broad business capacity and mature judgment, and was prospered in his earnest and inde- fatigable efforts. He was a natural mechanic, and after coming to this homestead he was not content to confine his efforts solely to his agri- cultural operations, but erected on his farm large mills, — a saw and planing mill, cane mill, cider press and apple-butter factory, in which lines he transacted an extensive business for many years, while he also operated a gristmill and a well equipped threshing outfit. This mere statement indicates his progressive spirit and the great capacity he had for the handling of affairs of wide scope and importance, while he was honored as one of the representative and influential citizens of the county and as one upon whose entire career could be found no shadow of wrong or suspicion of evil. In November, i8qo, his original mill buildings were destroyed by lire, and shortly afterward he erected -the present finely equipped plant which is now owned and operated by his son Edwin and which betokens one of the most important industrirl enterprises in this section of the county. In 1888 Mr. Sherer erected a 43 commodious and substantial residence, of modern architectural design, and the same is most attractively situated on a rise of ground, commanding a fine view of the surrounding country and being one of the conspicuous landmarks of the township. In politics he gave an unwavering allegiance to the Repub- lican party, though he was entirely without personal ambition for official preferment. He was originally a member of the Reformed church, but later in life identified himself with the Evangelical Association, as there was no church organization of the former denomina- tion in the vicinity of his home. He was lib- eral in his support of church work, and took an active interest in all that tended to conserve the progress and material wellbeing of the community, while to him was ever accorded the uniform confidence and esteem of all who knew him, and thus when he was summoned into eternal rest, on the 23d of January, 1898, the entire community felt a deep sense of per- sonal loss and bereavement, while to those to whom he was nearest and dearest will e\er re- main the utmost appreciation of all that was signified in the life of this noble and true man. On the nth of September, 1853, Mr. Sherer was united in marriage to Miss Chris- tina Kinwright, who was born in Sandy town- ship, this county, being a daughter of Michael and Margaret (Casper) Kinwright, the former of whom was born in the state of Maryland and the latter in the province of Alsace,. France, both having come to Stark countv in the pioneer days and their marriage having' been here solemnized. They are now de- ceased, the father having been one of the in- fluential farmers of the county, while both were valued members of the New Lutheran church. Mrs. Sherer still resides on the old homestead, so endeared to her by the memories and asso- ciations of the past, and having the solace which comes from the filial solicitude of her children, of whom we ofifer brief record as follows : 690 OLD LANDMARKS Ida {•.. Mrs. Cahin Hershberger, has three children, Harry R., Arlan R. and \'erda AL. and one, Vera E., died in infancy; Henrv 1£.. avIto runs the mill, married Ella Shore}-, and h;is twii sons, Harold R. and Arthur X. ; Jennie A. married David B. Wilson^ of Waco, ■Ohiii, and thcv have one .son, Howard E. SIMON REINER was born on a farm near Magnolia, Carroll county, Ohio, on the lOth of June, 1847, losing one of the ten chil- dren of Adam and Maria (Oaks) Reiner, while ■of tlie number only four are living at the pres- ent time, namely: William, who is a resident .of Louisville, this county; Albert, of Canton; John E., of Nimishillen township; and Simon, of this sketch. Adam Reiner was born in Germany, about the year 1822, and was but ■f]\e years of age wlien his parents bade adieu to the fatherland and emigrated to America. It is interesting to record the fact tha-t they ■originally located in Stark county in the early jiioneer days, though they remained but a few- years, having resided in Osnaburg township, Avhence they subsequently removed to Carroll county, where the grandparents passed the resi- •due of their lives. The father of the subject Avas reared to. maturity in that county, being dissociated with the great basic art of agricul- ture fron-i his IxDyhood up, and after his mar- riage he established his home on a farn-i in that m the famil-y CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 691 ha\-e g'ained during tlie past years. Tlie farm has the Ijest of improvements and comprises eigiity-six acres of as fertile and productive land as is to be found within the county- The marriage of tlie subject and his estimable wife has been blessed with four children, of whom one died in infancy, while the other three are still l;eneath the home roof, their names, in or- der of birth, being: Antlnjny L., Emma R. and Ollie E. In politics Mr. Reiner is a stanch advocate of the principles of the Democratic party, and while he takes a deep and intelli- gent interest in the issues of the day and in the material and civic welfare of his home county and state, he has never exhibited any political ambition in a personal way. having no desire for the honors or emoluments of office of any character. He is a communicant of the Cath- olic church, as is also his wife, and they are identified with St. Louis parish, at Louisville. DK. E. L. AIETZGER is a native of Stark county, and the youngest of four children born to J. W. and Frances (Pierson) Metzger, a notice of whom will be found on another page ■of this \'olume. The Doctor was born August 3, 1872. in Xiniishillen township, and spent his early years on the home farm, attending dur- ing his minority the public schools of Louisville. At the age of twenty-one he acquired an inter- est in the Canton and Osnabnrg Brick and Tile Company, with which he was identified about four years, during which time he also ran a bar- ber shop in Louisville, receiving from the two sources a \-ery satisfactorv income. Se\'ering his connection with the above company and with no desire to continue the barber business, Mr. Metzger. in 1898, took up the study of vet- erinary surgery, fully satisfied that the profes- sion afforded a ^■ery favorable opening for a young man of talent and sufficient energy to push tlie matter to successful issue. After a course of private reading Mr. ^letzger, in the fall of the above year, entered the veterinary department of the Ohio State University at Columbus, where he prosecuted his studies un- der the direction of some of the ablest profes- sors of the day, and in the spring of 1901 he \\as graduated with one of the best records of his class. On receiving his degree he opened an office in Louisville and while his practice has covered no great length of time, he has ac- quired a large and lucrative patronage, which gives every promise of increasing many fold with each succeeding year. As is well known, the farmers of Nimishillen township have long prided themselves on the high grade of their live stock, especially horses, than which there are none better in any other part of the state. Realizing the \'alue of tine, healthy animals, they ha\-e spared no expense in looking after their ailments, which fact has made the presence of a skillful and successful veterinary surgeon almost as great a necessity as that of a regular 13h}'sician. Dr. Metzger was heartily wel- comed in Louisville and the success that has thus far attended his treatment has given him much more than mere local repute. Many of his patrons came long distances to secure the benefit oi his professional ser\-ices and with but tritiing exception his treatment has been fol- lowed by tlie most satisfactory results. He now has about all the business he can properly attend to and his success has more than real- ized his most sanguine expectations when lie contemplated making the profession his life work. On h^ebruary 19. 1901, Dr. Metzger was hajjijih- married to Miss Vida McClard. of Os- nabiu'g, daughter of James and Ellen (Baker) McClard, ]jarents formerly of Stark county, but now li\'ing in Adairs\-ille, Iventucky. In politics the Doctor is an unswer\-ing adherent of the Democratic party and for four years served on the county central committee from Nimishillen township. He has been an agres- si\'e worker, and his infiuence and leadership 692 OLD LANDMARKS have contributed not a little to the party's strength in the campaigns of recait years. The Doctor's religious creed is represented by the Catholic church, in which he was born and reared and of which he has ever been an earnest and faithful member. ■♦ » » JOHN L. FREY was torn on the old homestead farm, in Osnaburg township. Stark county, Ohio, on the 23d of October, 1850, be- ing the younger of the two children of John and Caroline (Sluss) Frey, the other child being- Frances, who is the wife of Reason A. Smuck, a prominent farmer of Osnaburg township. His father was likewise a native of Stark coun- tv. having been born in Paris township, where his parents took up their abode in the early pio- neer epoch, hax'ing emigrated hither from Penn- sylvania. John Frey was reared on the pioneer homestead, his father having passed away when he was a child, and after his marriage he settled on a farm in Osnaburg township, where he became the owner of one hundred and sev- entv-three acres, and there he continued to make his home until his death, which occurred in 1890, at which time he had attained the age of sixty-seven years. He was a stanch Demo- crat in his political proclivities, and both he and his wife were consistent members of the Re- formed church, the latter having been born in Osnaburg township, in 1829, while her death there occurred about 1878. John L. Frey, the immediate subject of this sketch, grew to maturity on the old homestead where he was born, and his education was se- cured in the public schools of the township. At the age of severteen years he left the parental roof, and for the following five years followed various occupations, after which he returned to his home and there continued to be associated in the operation of the farm up to the time of his marriage, in 1879. He then removed to his present fine farm, which is located in Nimi- shillen township, and which comprises one hun- dred and eighteen acres. He purchased this farm from his mother-in-law, and it is known as OWQ of the model farms of the township, be- ing under a high state of cultivation and equipped with the best of improvements, in- cluding a commodious and attractive residence. In 1888 Mr. Frey rented the farm and removed to the village of Louisville, this county, where he remained for the ensuing ten years, living practically retired and enjoying the fruits of his former toil and endeavor. In 1^98 he sold his town property and returned to the farm, where he was again located until the spring of 1903 and now supervises the same, be- ing one of the progressive and scientific farmers of the county and thus secur- ing the maximum returns from his labors. He and his wife have passed two summers in Colo- rado, in 1889 and 1890. In politics ]\Ir. Frey gives an uncompromising allegiance to the Democratic party, and he and his wife are prominent and zealous members of the Re- formed church. On the oth of October, 1879, Mr. Frey was united in marriage to Miss Harriet Hershey, who was born in Nimishillen township, being a daughter of the late Jacob Hershey, who was a native of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, and numbered among the pioneers of Stark county, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Frey have one child, Nellie J., who is one of the popular young ladies of the community and who still remains at the parental home. ADAM NIMON was born in Hesseu Darmstadt, Germany, on the 2d of February. 1833, the son of John and Anna Catherine (Moulin) Nimon, who were the parents of but two children, the other being a son. John, now a resident of Columbiana county, Ohio. The subject's father was also a native of Hessen Darmstadt, his birth occurring in 1804. He CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 693 was reared in his native country and early learned the trade of wood working, being em- ployed while in his native country at the manu- facture of spinning wheels. In 1833, realizing that in the new world lay wider opportunities for a man of energy and ambition, he emi- grated with his family, landing at Baltimore after an ocean voyage of forty-two days. At that time the father was eighty dollars in debt, having had their passage money advanced by two cousins who also made the voyage. They at once came to the Buckeye state, locating at Letonia, Columbiana county, where they lived one year. Later they removed five miles south- west of Letonia to a fifteen-acre farm which he had there purchased and there lived until the spring of 1852, when they removed to Stark county and purchased the farm of seventy acres now owned by Abraham Creighton, at Osna- burg. After a year's residence upon this place he ga\"e the farm to his son John and purchased the eighty-acre tract upon which the subject now resides. Lipon this farm the parents re- sided until their deaths. L'pon first arriving in Letonia the father learned the trade of wagon- making and for a few years following worked at this business during the winter months, while during the warmer months he was employed at carpentering and building. He was a natural- born mechanic and successfully handled all kinds of tools. At the time he erected his first house he was practically without experience, but fulfilled his contract to the entire satisfac- tion of his customer, receiving in payment therefor fifteen acres of land. The house is still standing and is in a fair state of preservation. From this beginning Mr. Nimon felt encour- aged to continue at that occupation and pur- sued for a number of years witli marked suc- cess and profit. Politically he was a Democrat and took a keen and intelligent interest in the trend of public events. His religious princi- ples were those embodied in tlie creed of the J.utheran clnu'ch, of which he was lono- a faith- ful and consistent member. His death occurred in 1882 in his seventy-eighth year, while his wife passed away the year previously at the advanced age of eighty-four. They Avere well known and highly esteemed by all who knew them and their deaths was a distinct loss to the communit)- in which they had resided. Adam Nimon was reared under the paren- tal roof and acquired his education in the pio- neer schools of the period and the locality. The educational facilities at that time were necessarily limited, but ATr. Nimon was ambi- tious to obtain an education and made faith- ful use of such means as were at his command, at length acquiring a fair knowledge of the common English branches. This he has since liberally supplemented by a wide course of reading and a close observation of men and events. At the age of twenty years he removed to the farm on which he now resides and, his fa- ther not having a practical knowledg'e of farm- ing, the subject took active charge of the place, running it for his father's benefit until the lat- ter's death, since which time he has remained in possession, it ha\'ing reverted to him at that time. He has made a decided success of his vocation and has achieved an enviable reputa- tion as one of the intelligent and progressiA'e agriculturists of his township. His time is al- most entirely given to his farming interests and the excellent condition of his fields and farm Imildings indicates his care and super- vision. He is both practical ~and progressive in his methods and to his energy and persever- ance is attributed the gratifying success which has attended his efforts. In 1868 the subject was united in the holy bonds of matrimony with Miss Elizabeth Scheff'er, a nati\'e of Osnaburg township and a daug'hter of John Scheft'er, also a native of the same township. The latter's father, Henry Scheft'er, was a native of Pennsylvania, but came to Ohio in the early pioneer days, at a time when Indians and wild game were plenti- 694 OLD LANDMARKS fill. To tlie subject and his wife ha\e been born seven children, of whom six survive, as follows: Harvey, of Canton, Ohio; George, also of Canton : Frances, Levi, Anna and Clara, all at home. In politics the subject is nominally a Democrat, Aoting in harmony with that par- ty on all national questions, but in local mat- ters he deems the fitness of the candidate for the office sought the most important considera- tion. He was at one time nominated against his wishes for the office of township trustee, liut refused to make a canvass and at the elec- tion was defeated by three or four votes. Re- ligiously he is identified with the Reformed church and gives his earnest support to all measures ha\ing for their object the advance- ment of the moral or material interests of the community. All in all, he is a citizen of whom any community might be proud. JACOL) K.-\(iE\' was born in Columbiana county. Ohio, on the 13th of October, 1842, being a son of Abraham and Hannah (Snyder) Kagey and now the only survivor of theii' five child.re:i. ,\liraham Kagey was born in Shen- andoah county, Virginia, in January, 1818, a son • of John and Catherine (Coughnour) Kagey. The name has long been identified with the annals of American history and has stood for the higliest type of citizenship ani:l the most exalted patriotism. The original American ancestor was John Kagey. who emi- grated hither from Switzerland, prior to the middle of the sexcnteenth century, taking up his abode in ^'irginia, and a numlier of the fam- ily were patriot soldiers in the Continental line during- the war of the Revolution, while many of the name ha\e l)een jirominent in the public life of the natic^n, representatives being now found in the most diverse sections of the Union, though the Old Dominion still claims a mun- ber of the family as residents. When the fa- ther of the sul)ject was a child his parents re- moved from \'irginia to Trumbull county, Ohio, being numbered among' the pioneers of that section of the Buckeye state. There his father died when Abraham was but se\en years of age, and he then became an inmate iif the home of his uncle. Henry Kagey, whii soon afterward removed to Columbiana county, Ohio, where the father of the subject was reared to manhood on a farm, recei\-ing such educa- tional advantages as the pioneer locality af- fiirded. As a young man he came to Stark county for a \isit. and while here he met Miss Hannah Snyder, with whom he successfully pressed his suit, as is shown in the fact that they were shortly afterward married. They passed the first two years of their married life in Co- lumbiana county, and then came to Stark coun- ty, in 1843. 1^1''^ y^-^i' 'liter the birth of the sub- ject, their eldest child, and here the father pur- chased a farm of eighty acres in Osnaburg township, w here he continued to make his home until 1854. when he sold the property and pur- chased the farm now owned 1)y the subject, on section 3;. Ximishillen tnwuship. the same comprising one hundred and eighteen acres of as fine land as can Ije found in the county. Here he resided until the time of his death, which occurred on the 21st of June. 1873. his demise being the direct result of injuries recei\'ed by being thrown from a horse about a score of years previously, his health lia\ ing been nuich impaired ever after this accident. In his earlier life he was a Democrat in politics, but upon the organization of the Republican party be es- poused its cause and e\'er afterward continued its stalwart adherent. He was a prominent member of the German Baptist church, in which he held the office of deacon for a number of years. In 1879 his widow consummated a second marriage, becoming the wife of Chris- tian Sollenberger, and she died about five years later, in 18S4, ha\ing likewise been a devoted member of the (lerman Baptist church. Jacob Kagey was reared on the homestead CANTON AND STARK COUNT V, OHIO. 695 farm, in this count)', being about twelve years of age at the time when liis parents removed from Osnabm'g township to his present farm. Being the eldest child he was early called upon to assume much of the practical work of the farm, his father's accident having disqualified him for actixe labor, and thus the subject's edu- cational advantages were very limited in scope, being confined to a somewhat desultory attend- ance in the district schools. In 1864 Mr. Kagey was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Berlin, who was born in Nimishillen township, being a daughter of the late Isaac Berlin, one of the honored pioneers of the county, whither he came from Pennsylvania, a state which has contributed largely to the personnel of Stark county's citizenship. The maiden name of his wn'fe was Margaret Trump, and both died in this county. After his marriage the subject left the home farm and for about nine years following he was engaged in farming on his own res])onsibility and also operated a thresh- ing machine. In 1873 he effected the purchase of the homestead farm and here continued to reside until the spring of 1902, when he pur- chased the John Warstler farm, near the ^■il- lage of Louis\"iIle, where he is now residing, the place being under a high state of cultiva- tion and e(|uip])ed with the best of permanent improvements, including a commodious resi- dence, of attractive design. Of the four chil- dren born to Mr. and Mrs. Kagey. three sur- vive, namely : William H., who is engaged in the grocery business in Louisville, this county : John B., who is a prominent merchant and manufacturer of that village and also incum- bent of the nihce of postmaster, and Ira E., who is associated with his father in the man- agement of the Jiome farm. Mr. Kagey is a man of unswerving in- tegrity and honor and has been a prominent and influential citizen of Nimishillen township for many years. lia\-ing the unequi\-ocal confi- dence and regard of all who know him. After his father's death he effected the settlement o£ the estate without recourse to court pnceed- ings, and so marked was his skill and probity in tlie handling of the same that he was after- ward called upon to act as administrator of several important estates, having had four oni his hands at one time, while the utmost confi- dence has invariably been shown in his judg- ment and fairness. Mr. Kagey was for two years a member of the directorate of the Stark Comity Fair Association and for tweh'e suc- cessive years he was treasurer of the Home In- surance Company of Nimishillen and Osna- bnrg townships, retiring' from the office only- upon his positive declination to remain longer its incumbent, though he served three years as a director of the company. He is now secre- tary of the Union Cemetery Association, irt which office he is serving his second term, while for man\- years he was a member of the school bt>ard of his district and has been one of the most valued citizens of this section of the coun- t}-. In politics he accords a stanch allegiance to the Republican party, and thijugh not formally identified with any church organiza- tion he is a liberal contributor to religiou.s; work, regardless of denomination. RUFUS VV. GEHMAN was born on a farm in Osnaburg township. Stark county, Ohio, on the roth of September, 1867, being a son of David and Nancy (Wright) Gehman, of whose three children he is the younger of the two survi\'ing, his sister Ida being' the wife of John Ranch, who is likewise a successful farmer of Osnaburg township. The subject was reared under the sturdy discipline of the homestead farm and is indebted to the ]iublic schools of the localit}' for his early educationaf privileges, of which he duly availed himself^ On the igth of .\ugust, 1888, Mr. Gehmare was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Slieple}", who was likewise born in this township. Ijeing' 696 OLD LANDMARKS a daughter of Jacob Shepley, who was born in Germany, whence he emigrated to America as a j'oung man, taking up his residence in Stark county, where he married Miss Rachel Kim- niel, and where he continued to be engaged in agricultural pursuits until his death, being one of the sterling citizens of this township. He passed away at the age of seventy-six 3'ears and his wife still survives him, being aged seventy- five years. A.fter his marriage Mr. Gehman located on a small farm, of forty-five acres, just north of the village of Osnaburg, having purchased the property in the preceding spring, and to the improvement and cultivation of this farm he continued to give his attention for the ensuing ii\-e years, after which he applied the same in jaart payment for the old home farm of one hundred acres, which is most eligibly located just to the east of the village of Osna- burg, this being the old homestead on whicli he was born, and at the time the exchange was effected his father removed to the smaller farm which the sul^ject had previously owned. l\Ir. Gehman here continued his acti\e and ef- fective labors for a period of four years, when his father and step-mother manifested a desire to return to the homestead, and he thus sold the place to his father, after which he pur- chased a farm of seventy-eight acres near Maximo, in Nimishillen township, where he remained for two years, after which he re- turned to Osnaburg township and purchased his present home farm, which comprises eighty- one and one-half acres of excellent land, in sec- tion 5. The productivitv of the farm has l.ieen maintained at the highest standard and the permanent improvements are of substantial and attractive character. In the various local- ities where he has thus lived Mr. Gehman has held a high reputation as a model farmer, knowing thoroughly well the best methofls to be emplo3'ed in securing tJie maximum returns from the lands of this locality, from the fact that he has here been closelv identified witli the great fundamental industry of agriculture from his boyhood up and has also been a close student of these methods and has shown marked resourcefulness and discrimination in tlie application of his energies. In connection with his general farming he makes a specialty of raising a high grade of live stock, and in this line utilizes the products of his farm, with the exception of his wheat crop. In his political proclivities Mr. Gehman is a stanch advocate of the principles of the Re- publican party and takes a lively interest in all that concerns the progress and material pros- perity of his home county. He and his wife are both consistent members of the Reformed church, and have the unqualified esteem of all who know them. They became the parents of two children, Clarence; who died in infancy, and Charles C, who was born on the 25th of April, iSqi. JACOB SHUMAKER.— In tlie attractive village of Minerva, Paris township, is located the fine home of Mr. Shumaker, one of the progressive and influential business men of this section of the state and an honored and repre- sentative citizen of St^rk county, where he is identified with industrial and financial interests of broad scope and importance. Mr. Shu- maker comes of stanch German lineage and is himself a native of the old Keystone state of the Union, having been born on a farm in Mer- cer _county, Pennsylvania, on the 21st of April, 1850. He is one of the nine children born to John and Polly (Bortz) Shumaker, and aside from himself only one other, of the children survives, his brother Alexander, who is a resi- dent of the city of Akron, Ohio. John Shu- maker, father of the subject, was born in Le- high county, Pennsylvania, and was tliere reared to manhood. As a young man he re- moved to Mercer county, that state, where he married and where he passed the residue of his '^ .1.9). ayC>o//-.7 //r/ /////// ^v^ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 697 life in agricultural pursuits, having accumu- lated a good property and having ever been known as a man of industrious habits and sterling integrity of character. He died on his farm, at the age of seventy-six years, hon- ored by all who knew him. His wife survived him a number of years, retaining her home on the okl farm, so hallowed to her by the mem- ories and associations of the past, until her death, at the venerable age of eighty-three years, l)oth having been active and devoted members of tlie Lutheran church, while the father was a stanch Republican in his polit- ical proclivities, though never an aspirant for political preferment. Jacob Shumaker, the immediate subject of this sketch, was reared in a home of beneficent influences, and continued to be associated in the work of the old farmstead until he had at- tained the age of twenty-three years, his serv- ices having thus been in such requisition dur- ing his youthful days that his early educational privileges were somewhat limited in scope, be- ing confined to a somewhat irregular attend- ance in the district schools. On the 25th of November, 1875, Mr. Siuimaker was united in marriage to Miss Catherine Smith, who likewise was born in Mercer county, Pennsyl- vania, being a daughter of Henry Smith, a prominent farmer of that section. After his marriage Mr. Shumaker rented land and gave his attention to its cuUivation for one year, after which he purchased a farm of forty acres, in Mercer county, where he continued in agri- cultural pursuits aljout six years-. Directlv after his marriage lie began buying timber, and in this line of enterprise he continued op- erations on a modest scale in connection with his farming, showing marked tact and ability in the handling of this department of liis inisi- ness, wliich e\-entually began to render him ex- cellent returns. Upon leaving his farm, in i88r, he took up liis residence in Sheakleyville, Mercer countv, and turned liis entire attention to his lumbering business, which by this time had grown to no inconsiderable magnitude. About one year later he came to Carroll county, Ohio, and located at Watheys, where he con- tinued in the same line of enterprise for a year and then removed to Amsterdam, Jefferson county, where h? likewise lived for one year, at the expiration of which he came to his pres- ent place of residence, in Minerva, Stark coun- ty, which has since been his home and business headquarters. His lumbering operations have grown to extensive proportions and for a num- ber of years he operated several S3.\v mills, but in recent years he has had his work done by contract, finding a market for his lumber to a large extent with certain railroad companies. In 1899 he erected his present commodious modern residence in Minerva, the same being the finest in the town and of most attractive architectural design. He is a stockholder and director, as well as a member of the financial committee, of the Bank of Minerva ; is a stockholder of the American Consolidated Mining Compau}', which owns valuable mining interests in New Mexico; and lie also has vahi- able mining interests in Pennsylvania. Thus it may l^e seen that Mr. Siuimaker is distinctively a man of affairs, and his success is the more gratifying to note, from the fact that it lias been attained througli his own efforts, so tliat lie is well deserving of the proud .American title of self-made man. He is the owner of two liun- dred and thirteen acres of fine fanning land in Carroll county, Ohio, and is one of the leading business men and influential citizens of tliis section of the Buckeye state. In politics Mr. .Shumaker accords a stanch allegiance to the Repulilican party, and while free from all per- sonal ambition in the matter of public office, he was called upon to serve as a member of the village council of Minerva, of which oflice he was incumbent for four years. Fraternally Mr. Shumaker is an appreciative member of the Masonic order, bein<>- identified with Tubal 698 OLD LANDMARKS Lodge No. 551, Free ami Accepted Masons, of ]\Iiner;va ; Cliapter No, IJ3, Royal Arch Masons, at Canton, and Canton Commandery No. 38, Knights Templar, while he is also identified with the popular social auxiliary, the Ancient Aral)ic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, having been conducted across the l)urn- ing sands of the desert under the auspices of Al Koran Temple, in the city of Cleveland. He also holds membership in Custer Lodge No. i.\6g. Knights of Pythias, at Greenville, Penn- sylvania. His wife is a member of the Disciple church. The)^ have one daughter, Letha, who remains beneath the parental roof and who is one of the popular young ladies in the social life of the communitv. SAMUEL SEFONG, SR., is a native of the old Keystone state of the Union, having been born in Cumberland county. Pennsyl- \;mia. on the 3d of August, 1825, and being a son of George O. and Elizabeth (Biddinger) Sefong, of whose nine children he is one of the two survi\-ing at the present time, his \'ounger brother, Jacob, being a well-known resident of Nimishillen township, this county. The father of the subject was born in the prov- ince of Wurtemburg. Germany, whence he came to America wiien fifteen years of age, in order to escape service in the German army, and he ioined his brother in the state of Pennsylvania, where he was reared to maturity and where his marriage was solemnized. About the year 1834 he came to Stark county, Ohio, and first located in the \illage of Osnaburg, whence, sh.orlly afterward, he removed to a tract of fifteen acres wliich he had purchased in Nim- ishillen township. There he continued to re- side until he was well advanced in years, when he removed to Frieburg, ^^'ashington townshi]), where he continued to make his home until the death of his second wife, wlien, being in his ninetieth year, his children brought him to the home of his son Jacob, where he died three weeks later. His first wife, the mother of tlie subject, died in 1834, as a result of an attack of cholera, this being only a short time after the removal of the family to Stark county. She was liorn in Germany and as a girl was in indi- gent circumstances, being bnund out to ])ay her passage on coming to America. After her marriage to Mr. Sefong they located in Cum- berland county, Pennsylvania, where the)- maintained their home for a number of years and whence they came to Stark county, Ohio. The father married as his second wife }tliss Elizabeth Moon and they became the parents of two children, both of whom are now de- ceased. He was a Democrat in his political proclivities, and his religious faith was that of tiie Reformed church, of which he was a wor- thy and consistent member, exemplifying his faith in his daily walk and conversation. In his youth he learned the tailor's trade, in the city of Philadelphia, and to this vocation he devoted his attention until he was no longer able to do acti\-e work, by reason of advanced age, and thereafter he was cared for with true filial solicitude I:)y his sons. Samuel Sefong, the immediate subject of this review, grew up in the paternal home, and received limited educational advantages, since at the age of tweh'e vears he secured employ- ment in Wertz Brothers' woolen and saw-mill, at Belford, where he remained nine years, his wages being turned over to his father. Having then attained his legal majoritv, hc' practically began his indejiendent career, continuing in the employ of the same concern, and after a short time he and John Wertz assumed charge <)f the carding and fulling in the woolen-mill and he received a share of the profits from his lalio'rs. There Mr. Sefong remained until the year 185T, when he remoxed to his present fine farm, in section 3, Osnaburg township, the land be- ing covered with the native timber at the time when lie came into possession of the same. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 699 He clearefl and improved the farm, wliich com- prises eighty-five acres, and in view of its pres- ent thrifty and highly culti\-ated ciindition it is in.teresting to re\-ert to the fact th.at Mr. Sefong personally reclaimed the entire tract with the exception of fifteen acres, while he di- rected his efforts with that energy and dis- crimination which enaljled him to attain a high degree of prosperity. He continueil to make his home on the farm until 1891. when he placed the same in charge of his son Joseph and removed ti:) the village of Belfort, lint his wife died one year later and he then disposed of his village property and returned to the farm, where he has since made his home with his son Joseph, who still retains the active manage- ment of the place. In politics Mr. Sefong is a stanch advocate of the principles of the Dem- ocratic ]iart\'. and he has long heen a devoted member of the Reformed church, as was also his loved wife. On the loth of March, 1S49, Mr. Sefong was united in marriage to Miss Rebecca Moul, who was born in Lancaster county, Pennsyl- vania, a daughter of John Moul, who came to Stark county when she was a child of two years, and here she was reared and educated and here passed the remainder of her life, be- ing a woman of noble character and retaining the affectionate regard of all who came within the sphere of her gracious infiuence. She was a true companion and helpmeet to her husl:>and and their ha])py wedded life continued during the long period of more than two score of years, when the veil of eternal life was lifted and .she passed forward to the "land of the leal" on the 24th of January, 1892, at tife age of sixty-six years and tv,ent}'-nine days. Of this union were born six sons and three daugh- ters, and of the number four of the sons and one of the daughters are yet living, namely : F.dnard, who is a successful farmer of Nim- i.shillen township; Henry H., who is a resident of the city of Canton: Joseph H.. who has charg'e of the homestead farm: Samuel, Jr.. who resides in the city of Canton, and Ellen, who is the wife of William Clapper, of Osna- burg township, where he is a prosperous farm- er. The familv is held in the highest esteem in the county and represents the best element of the sturdy pioneer stock which brought about the initial d.evelbpment of this favored section of tlie Old Buckeve state. MICHAEL GEHMAN.— To the person- nel of Stark's comity population in the epccli of its earlier settlement it is clear beyond per- ach-enture that no state in the Union contrib- uted a more numerous or more valuable element than did Pennsylvania, and Mr. Gehman is a member of one of the families who came then to the county in the first half of the nineteenth centiny and assisted in the development and opident progress of this section. He is' him- self a native of the Keystone state, having been born in Lancaster C(_)unty, I^ennsyh-ania, on the Tst of April. 1839, a son of Benjamin and Tannie fSechrist) Gehman, of whose eight children four are living at the present time, namely: Michael, who is the indixidual sub- ject of this sketch: Da\'id, who is a resident of Osnaburg township, this county : Cyrus, who resides in Eaton county, Michigan : and Lydia, who is the widow of Jacob Gibe and resides in the A'illage of Louisville, Stark count}'. Benja- min Gehman was reared in Lancaster cotmty, Pennsvlvania, receiving a common-schoi^l ed- ucation and having the discipline in\olved in the growing up on a farm, while to agriculture he continued to devote his attention in his na- tive count}' until 1848, when he remo\e(l with his wife and children to Stark county. Ohio, locating first in the village of Green\-ille, where he remained for a short interval and then pur- chased a f|uarter section of land in Osnalmrg township, where he ccintinued in agricultural ptu'suits until the close of his useful and ^vor- 700 OLD LANDMARKS thy life, passing away at the comparatively early age of forty-two years, in the year 1856, his death resulting from an attack of typhoid fever. His wife, who was likewise born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, survived him a number of years, her death occurring in 1877. The father of the subject was a stalwart Whig of the old line, and took an active inter- est in the questions and issues of the hour, be- ing a man of strong intellect and excellent judgment. Both he and his wife were zealous and consistent members of the Mennonite church. Michael Gehman, . subject of this sketch, was seventeen years of age at the time of his father's death, and his educational opportuni- ties were such as had been afforded by the dis- trict schools. After the death of his father he •worked by the month on neighboring farms for rdjout five years, and on the 13th of Jan- uary, 1861, he was united in marriage to Miss Rebecca Young, who was born in this county, being a daughter of Jacob and Miss (Graybill) Young, and of this happy union four children were born, namely : Celestia, who is the wife of Reuben Eby and resides near Greentown, this county; Alice, who is the wife of Simon Ringer, of Plain township; Fietta, who is the wife of George Carper, of Nimishillen town- ship; and Sarah, who is residing in Gallipolis, Ohio, being' unmarried. After his marriage Mr. Gehman rented land in Osnaburg township and under these condi- tions continued operations as a farmer for the ensuing fiv-e years, at the expiration of which he purchased thirty-three and one-half acres, two miles east of Louis\'ille, in Nimishillen township, to which he later added, making a farm of one hundred and seventeen acres. There he continued to reside for sixteen years, Avithin which period his wife died, February 27, 1880. and on the 1st of January, 1882. he consummated a second marriage, being united to Mrs. Sarah fKeiser) Markkn-, widow of Andrew Markley, and the following spring he removed to a farm owned by his wife, there remaining two years, at the expiration of which he purchased one hundred and seventeen and eleven-hundredths acres on section 7, Nim- ishillen township, known as the Kittering farm, and during the following seventeen years he continued to devote his attention to its cultiva- tion, also making valuable improvements on the place. Prosperity attended his zealous and indefatigable efforts and he finally felt justified in retiring from the active and arduous labors which had so long engrossed his time and thought, and in 1900 he rented his farm and purchased of Mrs. Eliza Linerode his present fine home, in Nimishillen township, where he has twenty acres of land and one of the most spacious and attractive modern residences to be found in any of the rural districts of the county, while the various other buildings on the place are in harmony with the pretentious dwelling, and the grounds made attractive through effective shade trees, shrubbery, etc., the whole making an ideal home, and here he is enjoying the just reward of his years of earnest toil and endea\'or. No children have been born of the second marriage. In his po- litical views Mr. Gehman is a stanch and un- compromising Republican, and both he and his wife are prominent and honored members of the German Baptist church, in which he is a deacon, taking an active interest in all por- tions of the church work, while he and bis wife enjoy the high regard of all who know them. HENRY D. KETM comes of stanch Ger- man extraction and was himself born in Tus- carawas county, Ohio, on the 13th of October, 1856, being a son of Adam and Maria (Schrock) Iveim, of whose ten children the following six are still living: Sarah, who is the wife of George Hand, of Canton township; CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 701 Elizabeth, who is the wife of John H. Miller, of Nimishillen township; Nancy, who is the wife of Henry Sell, also of that township ; Al- bert, who is engaged in farming in Nimishil- len township; Jacob, who is a farmer of Marl- boro township, and Henry D., the immediate subject of this sketch. The father of these children was born in the state of Maryland, in the year 1832, being a son of Solomon and Elizabeth Keim, with whom he came to Tus- carawas county, Ohio, when he was a boy, and being there reared to maturity on a farm. After his marriage he continued to be engaged in agricultural pursuits in that county until 1866, all of his children having been born there, and in the year mentioned he removed with his family to Stark county and here pur- chased a farm of one hundred and sixty acres in Nimishillen township, the place now being owned by Adam Rennier. Here he continued to actively follow farming until about 1884, when he disposed of the property and forth- with purchased a small home place near Cen- ter Church, that township, where he lived re- tired until his death, which occurred in the year 1888. In politics he was a stanch sup- porter of the Republican party, and his relig- ious faith was that of the German Baptist church, of which his wife also was a devoted adherent. He was a half-brother of the father of John Keim, of whom individual mention is made elsewhere in this volume. The mother of the subject was born in Tuscarawas county, in 1831, and she died in 1863, at the early age of tiiirty-two years, and later Mr. Keim con- summated a second marriage, being united to Mrs. Rebecca Snyder, who was the widow of David Snyder and whose maiden name was Reisley, there being no children born of this marriage. Henry D. Keim, the immediate subject of this review, ,was reared under the sturdy disci- pline of the home farm and in the public schools of the period received his early educational training. He remained at home until he had attained his legal majority, when he returned to Tuscarawas county, where he wasi born, and there worked as a farm hand for one year, after which he came back to Stark county and for the following sixteen months was employed as a clerk in the hardware establishment of Keim & Sons, in the village of Louisville. While thus engaged, on Christmas day of the year 1879, he was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Huffman, who was born in Plain town- ship, this county, being a daughter of John Huffman, who was a prominent and influential farmer of that township, where he died in 1888. The spring following his marriage Mr. Keim gave up his position in the hardware store and took charge of his father-in-law's farm, which he continued to operate for the ensuing two years, after which, in 1882, he re- mo\'ed to the farm now owned by William Warstler, the same having been at the time like- wise a portion of Mr. Huffman's estate. Here he remained successfully engaged in farming until 1888, when he purchased and removed to his present home farm of sixty acres, in sec- tion 6, Osnaburg township, and this he has developed into one of the best farms in this sec- tion of the county. He has been a scientific agriculturist and that he has had the ability to apply his knowledge in a practical way is evident when the fact is noted that when he took possession of his present place it was badly run down and the fertility of the original soil much impaired from lack of proper atten- tion. Though a comparatively small place it is now one of unexcelled fertility and produc- tiveness and from it the subject secures as large returns as do many others from farms of much greater area. He has one of the finest herds of Jersey cows in the county, and in the year 1891 he produced from this source nearly a ton and a half of butter, which commanded top- notch prices in the market. For the past four years he has been agent for the DeLaval cream 702 OLD LANDMARKS separator, ami in njoi lie made the second highest record of sales in the line in the state, while with the close of the present year his record of business stands douljle that of previ- ous years. He is progressive and public-spir- ited to a degree and is not onl}- known as one of the model farmers and dairyman of the county, hut is also fortunate in having so or- dered his course as to retain the unequivocal confidence and esteem of all \vho know him. In politics :\Ir. Keim maintains an independ- ent attitude, and he is at the present time a member of the school lioard of his district. He and his wife hold membership in the River Brethren church. The home circle is l>right- ened by the presence of their two daughters, I.ettie and Bessie, and the family is prominent in the social life of the community. JACOB KLOTZ is a native of the pro\-- ince of Alsace, Germany, which was still a por- tion of the French empire at the time of his birth, which occurred on the 5th of Januar}-, 1831. He is a son of Jacob and Christina (Gutbul)) Klotz, of whose ten children the following named seven are yet living : Chris- tina, who is the widow of Charles Newmaster, of Aetna, Pennsylvania; Mary, who is the wife of Jacob Real, of Carroll county, Ohio; Clara, who is the widow of Daniel Griner, of Fair- haven, Pennsylvania; Louis, who resides in the city of Cleveland, Ohio ; John, who is a res- ident of Carroll county ; George, \\ho resides in ^lalvern, that county, and Jacol), the im- mediate subject of this sketch. The father was 1)orn in Alsace, France. .\])ril 17. 1804. and Avas there reared and educated and there learned the trade of shoemaking. In 1836 he emigrated with his family to America, the sub- ject of this review being at the time a lad of aljout five \-ears. Tlie fan-iily took up their re-;idencc in what is nnw the \illage uf Mag- nolia, on the line between Stark antl Carroll counties. Ohio, and in 1850 the father bought the farm of one hiuidred and thirtv-three acres, in Brown townshi]), Carroll cmin.ty, which is now jointly owned l)y his son and daughter, John and Mary. He continued to reside on the farm for a number of years antl then remoxed to Mah'ern. where he continued to reside until his death, at the age of more than four score years, while he continued to devote considerable attention to his trade, in connection with his farming operations, during the major portion of his active career. His wife passed away at the age of about sixty-two years, both having been unassuming, industriovis persons whose lives were marked by the utmost integrity and honor, so that the)' held as their own the re- spect and good will of all who knew them. Jacob Klotz, the immediate subject of this .sketch, grew io maturity at the parental home, and learneil the shoemaker's trade under the direction of his h.onored father, who was a skilled workman, and he continued to work at the bench from the age of ten years until he had attained the age of nineteen, but he found the business uncongenial and after his father purchased the farm he turned his attention to agricultural pursuits, while he assisted in the reclamation of the home farm, one-half of which was covered with the native timber at the time when his father ])urcliased the prop- erty. On the 19th of Feliruary, 1857, ^Ir. Klotz was united in marriage to Miss Eva Mutschler. who was liorn in Jackson township. Stark county, being a daughter of (lottfried Mutschler, who was born in Alsace, France, and who was mimbered among the pioneer set- tlers in Stark county, where he ]);issed the re- mainder of liis life, .\fter his marriage the subject assumed charge of the farm of his fa- ther-in-law and continued to de\ote his atten- tion to its cultivation for a jjcriod of about ten years, when !\[r. Mutschler died and the sub- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. ■03 ject then rented ;in adioinins^' farm, where he remained for tlie ensning- three years, after wliich lie passed one year on a rented farm in Canton township and six months in Perry iM\\nshi]i, and then effected the purcliase of a farm of one lumdred acres in Nimisliillen townsliip, where he made liis home for tiiree Aears. at the expiration of which lie sold tlie property and purchased his present valiiahle and highly improved farm of one htinch'ed and forty-one acres, in section 6, Osnaljtu'g town- ship. On this estate Air. Klotz lias erected some of tlie finest farm buildings to be fountl in this section, including a commodious and attractive residence. In connection with his regular farming he has conducted a dairv busi- ness for more than a quarter of a century, ha\'- ing shown marked discrimination and careful- ness in this department of his enterprise and h.'i\ ing realized excellent profits from the same, so That todav he is known as one of the most prosi)erous and influential farmers of the town- ship, while he has always maintained a public- -i^irited attitude and has been ready to encour- age and foster all legitimate enterprises and projects tending to conserve the general wel- fare. In ])()litics he is a stanch supporter of the Democratic jjarty, but he has nex'er sought the honors or emoluments of public office. He and his wife are worthy members of the Lutheran church, in w hi_)se work the\- take a deep inter- est, (jf their tweK'e children eight are li\-ing at the present time, namely : Louis Melanc- thon. w ho resides in the city of Canton ; Sarah Christina, who is the wife of James Rhodes, of that city: Ceorge Albert, who remains at tlie parental home: John Edward, wdio is en- gaged in farming in Osnaburg township: Clara Magdalena. who is the wife of Alfred Frv, of Canton townshij): William Emanuel, who is engaged in the lumlier business in that town- ship: Bertha E\-e, who remains with her ]);ir- ents, and Samuel Jacob, who resides in the \illage of Osnaburg. REASON A. SCHMUCK was born on a farm in l'>anklin township. Wayne countv, Ohio, on the 5th of January, 1844, being a son of Jacob and Catherine ( Reiner) Schmuck, of whose six children he is the eldest of the four surviving, the others being as follows: Solo- mon H,, wdio is engaged in the insurance busi- ness in the city of Cleveland, this state: Linnie, who is the widow of Daviil V. Landis, and re- sides in Wooster, Ohio: and Jacob F., who is also a resident of that city, where he is asso- ciated with his sistei', Mrs. Landis, in the fur- niture and undertaking business. The father of the subject was born in Manheim, Lancas- ter county, Pennsylvania, in the year 181 8, be- ing a son of Henry and I'Ji/.abeth ( Havmiller) Schmuck, both of whom were likewise natives of Pennsylvania and of stanch German lineage, the respective families having been earlv es- tablished in the old Keystone state of the I'nion. In the year 1833 the grandfather of the subject, accompanieil by his son Jacob, who was then a lad of fifteen years, came to Ohio, passing through Osnaburg township and other portions of Stark county on horseback, their trip being made for the purpose of selecting land for a home. They passed a night en route in the old-time brick tavern in the village of Osnaburg, the landlord assuming charge of the saddle bags, in which the mone_\' of the two travelers was placed. Crandfather Schmuck feared that the funds might not be in safe keep- ing, and he made an excuse that he wished to secure from the saddle bags some necessary articles for the night, and in this way secured and took the i)ags to l)ed with him. Tliey' passed on to Wayne county and in Wooster made enquiries of John Horn, w ho was former- ly from Pennsyh-ania, and through him learned of an eighty-acre farm near the hamlet of Mill- brook, that county, and upon due in\-estigation thev ])urchased the property, for which thev paid in cash which they had brought with them. Thev forthwith took up their abode on 704 OLD LANDMARKS the new farm and soon afterward sent back to Pennsylvania for the remainder of the family, in which there were seven other children, and it is interesting to re\ert to the fact that each of the eight children became' a well-to-do and prominent resident of Wayne county. Samuel Schmuck, one of the sons, became one of the most successful and influential farmers of that section and also -a prominent breeder of and dealer in live stock, his fine farm property ad- joining what is known as the state experiment farm, while others of the family also became known as model farmers of the county. The father of the subject was thus reared to manhood under the influences of the pio- neer clays, aiding- in the work of the new farm and having such educational advantages as fell to the lot of the average farmer boy of the locality and period. After his marriage he lo- cated on the farm of his father-in-law, George Reiner, the same comprising two hundred and ten acres, while this tract likewise lies con- tiguous to what is now the state experiment farm. Some years later he purchased the prop- erity. which he developed into one of the finest rural estates in ^Vayne county. In 1868 he took up his residence in the city of Wooster, where he built one of the finest residences in the city and thereafter lived a retired life up to the time of his death, which occurred in Jan- uary, 1899, at which time he was eighty-one years of age. He was a man of excellent busi- ness ability and lived a life of signal integ- rity and honor. He was very successful in tem- poral affairs and in addition to his valuable farm was also owner of a considerable amount of excellent property in Wooster. His fi:rst wife, the mother of the subject, died in Au- gust, 1856, and he subsequently consummated a second marriage, being united to Miss Re- becca Moon, who died in 1896, and who bore him two children, Wallace and Millie, both of whom still reside in Wooster. Jacob Schmuck was an uncompromising Republican in his po- litical adherency, and in his religion he was originally a member of the Evan- gelical Association, but later became iden- tified with the Methodist Episcopal church, in which he he was a prominent figure for many years, zealous in support of its cause, while he was one of the leading spirits in brmging about the erection of a church edifice on his farm. The mother of the subject was bom on the farm which later became the property of her husband, the date of her nativity having been in August, 1820. Her father, George Reiner, was numbered among the early settlers of AVayne county, whither he remo\-ed from Pennsylvania, and he was originally a devoted m.ember of the Lutheran church, but when a division in the same was effected he was one of three persons who established the English Lutheran church in the city of Wooster and as- sisted materially in the erection of the church edifice, which continued in use for many years. He was veritably one of the pillars of the church and one of its most liberal supporters and earnest workers. He lived for many years on the site of the present city hall in Wooster, and there his death occurred when he was well advanced in years. The mother of the subject entered into eternal life in 1856, at the compar- atix'cly early age of thirty-six years. Reason A. Schmuck, whose name initiates this review, was reared on the old homestead farm, contributing a due quota to its work from his boyhood up, while he secured a com- mon-school education. In 1868, when his fa- ther remo\-ed to \Vooster, he assumed charge of the farm and his sisters remained to preside over the domestic economies of the household. In 1872 he was married and thereafter he con- tinued to remain on the homestead farm until 1883, when he came to Stark county, where his wife was born and reared, and located on his present farm of one hundred and seventy- two acres, in Osnaburg township, having pur- II CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 705 chased the same from his fatlier-in-la\v in the preceding year, and having operated the farm in connection with his fatlier's homestead dur- ing the summer prior to his removal. For a niun1)er of years ]\Ir. Schmuck was quite exten- sively engaged in the buying and shipping of live stock, principally hogs, and was very suc- cessful in this department of his business enter- prise, and at the present time he gives special attention to the growing of a high grade of live stock and thus utilizes the major portion of the Iiroducts of his farm. At the time when he took up his abode on his present farm it was equipped with very inferior buildings, and he has since replaced the same with some of the most sul)stantial and admirably designeil farm buildings to be found in the county, including a modern residence of attractive architectural design, while it is safe to say that tliere are few rural estates in this section that can show bettel' improvements or more distinctive evi- dences of thrift and prosperity. In his attitude Mr. Schmuck is essentially progressive antl public-spirited, and his co-op- eration in all legitimate movements for the furtherance of the general welfare is invariably assured. In politics his convictions have led him to depart from the faith of his father, and he is a stanch supporter of the principles and policies of the DeuKicratic party, in whose cause he has been an active worker in a local way. In 1870 he was elected township trus- tee of Franklin township, Wayne county, of which he remained incumbent for a period of six years, wdiile in 1876 he was elected justice of the peace and continued in tenure of this position until his removal to Stark county. In 1896 Mr. Schmuck was chosen a member of the directorate of the Home Insurance Com- pany, of Osnaburg and Nimishillen townships, and four years later was elected treasurer of the company. This important office he has since retained and he has given a most capable and satisfactory administration of its fiscal af- 44 fairs. In 1S90 he was appointed administrator of the estate of the late John G. Shefifer, while alxmt three years ago he was made executor of his fatiier's estate. Previously, while residing in Wayne county, he had charge of the settling of three or more other estates, all of these preferments showing in no unmistakable way the hold he has ever retained on public confi- dence and esteem. For the past sixteen years he has Ijeen trustee, treasurer and superintend- ent of the Ohio State Camp Meeting Associa- tion, disbursing from three to four thousand dollars annually. He is a zealous and devoted member of the Methodist Episcopal church, in whose work he has for many years taken a prominent part, ha^•ing been for twenty }-ears superintendent of the Sunday school. On the 20th of June, 1872, Mr. Schmuck was united in marriage to Miss Frances Frey, who was born in Osnaburg township, this comity, being a daughter of John and Caroline (Sluss) Frey, both of whom were likewise born in the same township, where both families were established in the early pioneer days, hav- ing come hither from the state of Pennsylvania. Airs. Sclinnick, like her husband, is a devoted member of the Methodist church. They have two children, namely: E. Pearl, who remains beneatli the parental roof and who has been a successful and popular teacher in the public schools since attaining her sixteenth year, while she also teaches music, in which art she has much talent, and J. Ouinn, who married Miss Eva Coy and assists in the management of his father's farming enterprise. The family is erne of prominenece in the best social life of the community and the attractive home is one in which the refined amenities and a cordial hos- pitality are ever in distinct evidence. MARION O. SHERER was born in Har- din county, Ohio, August 18, 1853. His fa- ther. Christian Sherer, a native of Germauv, 7o6 OLD LANDMARKS was born in tbe city of Berlin, Germany, in the year 1828, and at the age of twelve was brought to the United States by -his parents, who settled on a farm in Stark connty, a short distance south of Canton. Peter Sharer, father of Christian, was an honest, industrious tiller of the soil and early impressed upon the mind of his son the lessons of frugality and thrift for which the latter afterwards became noted. Christian grew to young manhood on the farm his father originally purchased and after his marriage he removed to Hardin county, Avhere he engaged in the pursuit of agriculture in that part of the state until 1870, when he returned to the connty of Stark and bought a hundred acres of land about four miles south of Canton, where he made his home until retiring from active life in 1893. In that year he took up his residence in Canton, where he still ri\es, and is now passing his declining years in the enjoy- ment of the fruits of his many years of toil. His good wife, who bore him four children, was called to her eternal rest in the year 1864. The following are the names of the children of Christian and Angeline Sherer now living : Sylvanus S., a resident of Canton; Sarah E., who married James M. Mowls, and Marion O., of this review. Some time after the death of his first wife Mr. Sherer entered the mar- riag'e relation with her younger sister. Miss Mary Bm^gett, a union without issue. The youthful life of Marion O. Sherer was spent on the home farm and while still young he became accustomed to the various phases of agricultural labor. The common schools afforded him the means of a fair educational discipline, luit Ijy far the greater part of his eduction consists of that intensely practical kind obtained by contact with the Avorld in the stern 1)ut effective school of experience. After completing a business course in the Normal University at Ada, Ohio, Mr. Sherer, in 1888, opened a grocery and provision store in Can- ton, but one year later disposed of his stock and engaged in the livery business. With the object in \iew of ultimately embarking in the dry goods trade he entered the Boston dry goods store in Canton, for the purpose of familiarizing himself with the business. By close study and careful attention he soon mas- tered the details of trade, but after several months in doors he found, much to his regret, that confinement was not agreeing with his health. Acting upon the advice of his physi- cian, he resigned his position and decided to turn his attention to a pursuit requiring more outdoor exercise; accordingly, in 1891, he es- tal)Iished, in partnership with A. L. Bair, his present luml)er Inisiness at Louisville. The firm of Sherer & Bair began operations under most favorable auspices and it was not long until their business assumed large proportions, the names of the two partners l:iecoming widely and favorably known among the leading lum- lier dealers of eastern Ohio. After remaining together until 1893, Mr. Sherer purchased the entire interest in the enterprise and from that time to the jiresent has been sole proprietor. Under his able management the business has greatly increased in volume until his patronage is now much larger than that of an}' other man in the county similarly engaged, while his high standing in commercial circles has given him an honorable and wide-spread reputation throughout the northern and eastern counties of the state. In connection with buying and selling lumber Mr. Sherer operates a large planing-mill in which the rough product is con- A'erted into all kinds of building material, in addition to which he also handles n])()n an ex- tensive scale every description of lumber de- manded by the local and general trade. As a business man Mr. Sherer carefully considers the end from the beginning and when be once addresses himself to an undertaking seldmn if ever fails to carry it to successful conclusion. His sound judgment, practical experience and keen discrimination enable him to engage in i CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 707 large enterprises with no doubt as to the final issue, while his superior executive ability leads him to venture with the greatest of assurance where men of less energy and foresight would hesitate or fail. The credit of building up the mammoth business which he now owns and controls is due entirely to his own wisdom, en- ergy and well-directed efforts and he is in the true sense of the term a self-made man. He began life with little financial encouragement, but by industry, indomitable will and honorable dealing has steadily advanced step by step un- til he now occupies a commanding position among the most enterprising and financially successful men of the county in which he lives. On the 25th day of December, 1888. Mr. Sherer and IMiss Laura Starkey, daughter of John Starkey, late a prominent farmer of Stark county, were united in the bonds of wed- lock, the union resulting in the birth of five children, whose names are Burdette B., Mil- dred M., Ruth E., Ray L. and Lowell E. In politics Mr. Sherer is pronounced in his allegi- ance to the Democratic party, but he has never been a partisan or office seeker. He has, how- ever, been honored with several official posi- tions, one of which was that of councilman. As member of the municipal legislative body of Louisville, he was instrumental in passing a numljer of valuable ordinances and during his two years' incumbency proved a safe and relia- ble public servant, standing for progress and improvement, but being conservative in the mat- ter of expenditures. In 1893 he was elected a member of the local school board and as such has been untiring in his efforts to build up the educational system of Louisville. He has held this important but onerous position since the above year and for eight years was its president. At the earnest solicitation of his many friends of both political parties, Mr. Sherer, in 1896, permitted himself to be nom- inated for mayor of Louisville. At the en- , suing election he entered the office by the larg- est vote ever given a candidate for the position in the history of the town, a fact which spoke louder than words of his popularity with the people irrespective of party ties. His election was for a term of two years. He proved a model executive, as is attested by his straight- forward business administration, which met the hearty approval of all parties concerned. At the end of this term he was again elected, without opposition, and retained by both par- ties in this official position until 1900. Mr. .Sherer is identified with a number of benevolent and fraternal org-anizations, in all of which he is a zealous worker and in some a leader. He is a IMason of high standing, be- longing to Julliard Lodge No. 460 at Louis- ville and Commandery No. 38 at Canton, also Emmith Lodge of Perfection at Canton. His name adorns the records of Council No. 12, Junior Order United American Mechanics, at Canton, and for some years past he has been an active member of Tent No. 182, Knights of the Maccabees, in his luMue ti)\vn. In addition to the above, he is also connected with the Reform Club of Louisville and for recreation and genuine amusements he attends the session of the ''Hoo Hoos," a societ}- whose objects are to foster a fraternal spirit, with whole-souled innocent pleasure as a basis. In the social af- fairs of life Mr. Sherer has long maintained a lively interest, being the embodiment of genu- ine hospitality and open-hearted companion- ship. He is liberal in the expenditure of his means for the encouragement of laudaljle enter- prises, and no friend in need ever appeals to him in vain. It is not too much to say that he is one of the most popular men in the town of his residence. WILLIAM OVERHOLT BAKER, M. D. — Like many of Ohio's successful men. Dr. Baker hails from the grand old commonwealth of Pennsylvania, having been born in North- 7o8 OLD LANDMARKS ampton county on the I2th of December, 1827. His father was Jacob H. Baker, also a native of that state, who was born in the county of l\Jontgoniery alxnit the \ear 1793, the son of George Baker, whose grandparents came to /America from (Germany prior to the war for independence. The Bakers are a ^ery old and highly respected family and the branch from which the subject is descended figured quite actively in the affairs of the above anil several other Penns\l\ania counties, the name sulise- ((uently appearing in connection with the early settlement of various parts of Ohio. Jacob H. Baker, the Doctor's father, was reared in his native count\" and state and when a youth learned the shoemaker's trade, which he followed continuously for over fifty years. \\"hen a young man he changed his abode tp Nori]iani]:)ton county, where he met and mar- ried Miss Anna Overholt (originally Over- holtzer), who was born in Bucks county. He continued to reside in Xorthampton county un- til his removal, in 1836, to Medina county and there spent the remainder of his life, dying at his home in the township of Wadsworth about the year 1889 at the remarkable age of ninety- six }"ears, five months and fifteen days. His wife, whose liirth occurred on the 12th of June, 1792, was the daughter of \\'illiam Overholtz- er, a native of PennsyKania and for many years a prominent minister of the Mennonite chiu'ch. She bore her husband three children and departed this life when about seventy-two years old. Dr. \\'illi;un O. Baker was a lad of nine years when his ])arents mo\-ed to Ohio, lie spent his youthful years in the county of Medina, re- ceived his preliminary education in such schools as were common at that time, and later piu'- sued his studies under private tutors and in t!ie \\'a(lswortli Academy. That he made com- mendable progress as a student is evident from the fact that in his nineteenth year he took charge of a school and earned the repufition of a capable and popular teacher. He cle and that they have profited by this interest in their behalf is attested-by the correct lixes they ha\e led and the hunnrable positions they now Imld in the world. Anna, the oldest of the children, is a highl)- educated and accom- plished lady li\ing in the city of Boston, ]\Iassa- cliusetts; she was graduated from Ashland Col- lege and later married Prof. Hiram Hixson, who for a number of years was president of that institution. l\lrs. Plixson is now a widow, her husliand having died some A'cars ago. Amanda, the second in order of liirth, was also educated at Ashland, and at the present time lives with her parents ; she is an unmarried lady, moves in the best social circles of her town and is active in all good w(_)rk tending to elevate the moral condition of the community. Mary E. is a graduate of Shepardson College, Granville, Ohio, and at this time he holds the position of assistant teacher in the high school at Stevens Point, Wisconsin. Charles W., the fourth of the family, is also well educated and is now a prosperous business man of Elyria, this state. TJie Doctor's children are certainly a credit to him and he is held in the hig'hest esteem and \eneration by them. The family reunions are most joyful occasions and when all to- gether a more ideal circle would be difficult to find. Dr. Baker is a ])rofound belie\er in revealed religion and for o\-cr twenty _\-ears has l:)een an aisle minister of the clnn"ch known as the Brethren in Christ, having ser\-ed as pastor of the Louisville congregation since about 1894. His is a deeply spiritual nature and his daily life and conversation are in perfect harmony with the deep and abiding faith from which his actions emanate. He is a clear, logical speaker, an alilc expounder of the word of God and an eloquent advocate -when presenting the claims of the Gospel to a sinful world. Dr. Baker be- lieves that politics and religion, if of the proper stamp, will easily assimulate. hence he supports the party which in his opinion most nearly rep- resents man's highest duty to society and the state. A most determined and uncompromis- ing foe of tlic liquor trafiic, which he considers the crying e\'il of the day, and only to be efl^ect- ually suppressed by legislation, he is a pro- nounced champion of prohibition, being one of the leaders of the party in this section of the state. All in all. Dr. Baker is a man of broad, comprehensive views, possesses high intellect- ualitv and as phvsician, minister and citizen, his life has been fraught with great and lasting e'ood to humanitv. 7IO OLD LANDMARKS JOHN KEni.— The subject of this sketch lias been conspicuously identified with the in- dustrial, business and civic life of the village of Louisville, Stark county, from his youth to the present time. — representing a period of more than three decades, — while his genealogy be- tokens that he is a scion of a family whose asso- ciation with the annals of American history has been intimate and honorable from the middle period of the eighteenth century. In this con- nection it seems proper to make copious ex- cerpts from an appreciati\-e article recentlv pub- lished concerning this well-known and honored family of Stark county, making such meta- phrase as may seem expedient. In its chief heme activities Louisville has the Louis- ville Deposit Bank, John Keim, president, and proprietor of the Keim block, the Louisville Brick and Tile Com- pany, of which he is secretar}- and treasurer, and of the Keim hardware store, which virtually controls the busi- ness in this line throughout this section. In fact, "Keim" is a trademark of energy, enterprise, progress and integrity, not only in Louisville but also in Stark county and all the region round about. The record involved has very much the appearance of history in the east repeating itself in the west. In the town of Reading. Pennsylvania, contemporaneously with its birtli and since that time, the name of Keim has been associated conspicuously with the foundation of busi- ness, industrial, financial, railroad, charitable, church, borough, municipal and other interests. Tt bes;ui \vhcn the frontier settlement, nearly a century and a half ago. had but two hundred and thirty-eight purchasers of lots, Nicholas Keim, of Oley, Berks county, son of the founder, being on the list. John Keim, of Louis- ville, banker, hardware merchant, manufacturer and leading citizen, stands in the same position as his name cousins from the same ancestral founder in Reading, Pennsylvania, for more than one hundred years. Moses Keim, the father of the subject of this sketch, was born in Somerset county. Pennsylvania, on the loth day of May, 1810, being a son of Nicholas and Fanny (Hostetter) Keim. At the age of twelve years he went to live with an uncle, named Deahl, in ^Maryland, and there he resided until l8:i3, when he came to Holmes county, Ohio, where, one year later, he married Lydia Domer. In 1845 Moses Keim moved to a farm near Bolivar,- Tuscarawas county, where he resided until 1S53, when he came to Osnaburg town- ship. Stark county, where he was engaged in agri- cultural pursuits for nearly seventeen years. In the spring of 1869 he came to Louisville, where he established himself in the hardware business, more for the purpose of affording his sons John and Jonas an opportunity to secure a start in independent business careers than from a desire to personally devote his at- tention to merchandising. In 1873 his two sons were admitted to partnership under the firm name of Keim & Sons, and the present Keim block was erected for the accommodation of the rapidly growing enterprise. In 18S1 the Louisville Deposit Bank was established by the firm, the auxiliary business being conducted in the store of the firm until it had increased so materially in extent and importance as to justify a removal to more spacious and individual quarters, and in 1884 the present eligible and well equipped counting rooms were first utilized by the bank. On the 24th of November of that year the honored father passed to his reward, after a happy mar- ried life of a half century, leaving to his descendants the priceless heritage of a good name, and after that time his sons, Jonas and John, continued to be asso- ciated in the conducting of both the bank and the hard- ware business until the spring of 1892, when Jonas ]NL retired and John secured his interests in both enter- prises, which he has since «3ntinued individually. Moses Keim was a member of the Progressive Brethren church and was honored for his high integrity, business enter- prise and Christian manhood. His wife, whose maiden name was Lydia Domer, was born in Holmes county. Ohio, on the 26th day of May. 1810. and her death oc- curred on the 28th of May, 1898. about fourteen years after the demise of her honored husband. She was the eldest daughter of Geor.ge Domer. who was one of the pioneer settlers of Holmes county, Ohio, and she was one of the first white children born within its bor- ders. She remembered many Indian neighbors and never knew them to disturb the peace of the family, by reason of the kindness shown them by her father, and the first fruit she remembered eating was grown by the Indians. Her mother was of German descent and was said to be of royal blood. Of the children of Moses and Lydia (Domer) Keim the following is a brief record: Josiah is a clergyman of the Progressive Brethren church and for a number of years was a member of the board of trustees of Ashland University, at Ashland, Ohio, while he is now living retired in the village of Louis- ville ; George died at the age of six years ; Catherine is the W'ife of Jacob A. Lutz, of Louisville ; Jonas M., who was a loyal soldier in the war of the Rebellion and who was long associated with his brother John in business in Louisville, is now living retired in this place ; Jacob is a resident of AVyandotte, near the city of Detroit, Mich- igan, and John is the immediate subject of this review, John Keim was born in Tuscarawas county, Ohio, on the 28th of September, 1851. and in April of the fol- lowing year his parents removed to Osnaburg township. Stark county, where he was reared to the sturdy disci- pline of the farm. During the war of the Rebellion, in li CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 711 the absence of his older brothers and when farm labor- ers were difficult to secure, he was pressed into an un- usual amount of hard work to assume the more onerous cares of agricultural life. In 1869, as before noted, he came to Louisville with his parents, and, having received only such educational advantages as were afforded in the district schools, he deemed it expedient to secure farther and more definite training for the business life which he was to be inducted through the generous act- ion of his father. He accordingly proceeded to the city of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, where he took a thorough commercial course in the Iron City Commercial Col- lege. On his return to Louisville he was for a few years employed in his father's hardware store and was then admitted to partnership, due mention having already been made of the later progress of this enterprise. From this point only incidental recourse will be had to the article from which the foregoing paragraphs ha^'e to a large extent been drawn. It may be said that from the inauguration of his business career Mr.. Keim manifested marked acumen and discrimination in all mat- ters appertaining thereto, and he has gained high prestige as one of the able and influential Inisiness men of Stark county, having brought to bear in all his operations a far-sighted and progressive policy, while his methods ha\-e been such as t() bear the closest scrutiny, so that he has gained and retained a firm liold on public confidence and esteem, — elements absolutely es- sential to definite success in any line of indus- trial or commercial enterprise. In 1875 the present Keim block was erected by the original firm, and in the same both the hardware store and the liank are located. The business con- trolled by the former is exceptionally large and extends far be3'ond the confines naturally determined as tributary to the town, while the banking institution is known as one of the solid and well-conducted monetary concerns of the county, transacting a general banking business and retaining a representative support. Mr. Keim has through his individual enterprises done much to further the general welfare, and he is essentially public-spirited, ever read\' to encourage wortln- industrial undertakings and to aid in furthering all projects tending to con- serve the advancement and the material pros- perity and moral welfare of the community. In 1893 lie became identified with the manufac- turing of hollow brick and tile, for building pur- poses, the business being conducted under the title of the Louisville Brick and Tile Company, of which he is secretary and treasurer. The company controls valuable deposits of fire clay in this vicinity and their plant is one of the largest and best equipped in this section of the state, so that the indnstr}- has already become one of the important enterprises in the county. In 1899 Mr. Keim erected his present beautiful residence in Louisville, the same being one of the fin.est homes in the county, of attractive modern architecture and best of accessories and conveniences, spacious and substantial — in short such a mansion as is rarely seen in a town of Louis\ille"s population. It is also most grati- fying to note that his home is a veritable center of the social life of the community, and that a gracious hospitality is there dispensed to the hosts of friends which the family retain in their pleasant home city. In ])oIitics Mr. Keim has ever given an un- qualified allegiance to the Republican party, and his v\-as the distinction of having been the first Republican ever elected treasurer of Nimishil- len township, an oflice in which he served for several terms. He is one of the prominent and \alued members of the Progressive Brethren church, in \vhose afifairs he has manifested a deep an(,l exceptionally helpful interest, being at the present time a member of the board of trustees of the local church of this denomina- tion, while he is also a member of the board of trustees of Ashland University, a church insti- tution, at Ashland, Ohio, and secretary' of its finance committee. About a decade since the work of the institution was badly crippled b}' an indebtedness of aboitt twenty thousand dollars, , and largely through his instrumentality and in- 12 OLD LANDMARKS defatigable efforts this incumlnis was entirely removed, and the college now has an endow- ment of twenty-five thousand dollars. On tlie 3d of April. 1873. ^Ir. Keini was united in marriage to Miss Sophia Klingaman. who was born in Nimishillen township, this county, being a daughter of \\'illiam and. Maria (Gloss) Klingaman. who now reside in the vil- lage of Magnolia, this county, ]Mr. Klingaman having been one of the influential farmers of this section for many years and having now re- tired frijm active business. To Mr. and Mrs. Keim have been born two children, Mahlon J. and .Vrthur L. The former was born in Louis- ville, nn the 29th (if June, 1874, and for the past ten years he has been the efficient cashier of the Louisville Deposit Bank, of which he and. his father are proprietors. In 1896 he was united in marriage to Miss Clara Alanze. daughter of Godfrid .Manze. of Massillon, this county. Arthur L. was bcn'u December 28. 1883. and is now teller in the bank. Both sons are aljle and courteous young business men, en- joying marked popularity in their native town, autl they are well fitted to uphold the prestige of the honored name which tlle^■ bear. CL.VRKSON W. METZGER was born on the paternal homestead, in Perrv township. November 5, 186S, and is the son of Adam and Artie T Martin) Metzger, natives of Pennsyl- vania and Ohio respectively. The American branch of the Metzger family appears to ha\e had its origin in Pennsyh-ania, in which state the subject's grandfather, Henry Metzger, was born and reared, his ancestors having- been among the early settlers of the old historic county of Lancaster. Henry Metzg'er married, in his native county. Miss Mary Geil), and about the }-ear 1856 mo\ed his family to Stark county, Ohio, and in about 1872 settled in Lake township, where he is still li\-ing at an advanced age, his wife having died in 1875. Adam ]\[etzger, the subject's father, was a young man \\hen his family moved to Ohio, and early in 1868 he was united in marriage to Miss Artie ^Martin.. Mliose parents. John and Elizabeth (Hoch) ]^Iartin, were pioneers of Perry town- ship. Pie served three years in the late Civil war as a member of the Seventh Independent Company of Ohio Sharpshooters, and at the expiration of his period of enlistment he en- gaged in carpentery work which he followed until 1883, since which time he has been in the mercantile btisiness in Richville, this county. Adam and Artie Metzger are the parents of six children, the oldest of whom is C. W.. of this review : after him in order of birth are ]\lrs. L. H. "N'anHorn, of Canton ; Charles, deceased ; Stanley, who is in the postal service at Can- ton; Homer and Clyde, the last two under the ]iarental roof. C. ^^'. ]\Ietzger spent the years of his chikl- hootl and early youth in the village of Rich- ville, and acquired his preliminary educational training in the public schools of that ])lace. .\n apt student, with a thirst for knowledge, he was not content witli such mental discipline as the ^■ill;lge supplied, consequently he decided to pursue his studies in an institution of a higher grade. Animated by this laudal)le desire, he entered the North American Normal at Fos- torin, and later took a course in the CMiio I'ni- versity, at Ada, where he prosecuted his studies with the object in view of devoting his life to teaching. Mr. Metzger liegan his career as an educator in the A'car 1887. and dining the twelve vears following gave his time and ener- gies to school work, meanwhile earning an hon- orable reputation as a capa1)le teacher and suc- cessful disciplinarian. \\'hile other matters ha\-e engaged his attention, he is still interested in the cause of education and his acti\-ity and success in this field of endeavor have done nuich to bring him to the favorable notice of the public as an inllnential factor in the domain of party politics. I'rom an early age Mr. Metz- II C. W. METZGER. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 7'3 ger has been a close student of political ques- tions, and since old enough to exercise the rights of citizenship he has given an earnest and loyal support to the Republican party. His efforts to promote the interests of the cause he had so nnich at heart attracted the attention of party leaders and it was not long until his ser- vices as a campaigner were recognized. In due time he was made a member of the county cen- tral committee, where his judicious counsel and tact as a planner made him especially val-- uable. and he served four years in that capacity to the satisfaction of all concerned. In 1899 !Mr. Metzger was the choice of his party for representative, and at the ensuing election de- feated his competitor by a handsome majority. His career as a law-maker fully justified his constituents in his nomination, as he has repre- sented the county with ability and dignity, win- ning honors in tlie committee room and upon tiie floor and being recognized as one of the leading Republican members of the house. He was re-elected his own successor in 1S91, and is now serving his second term. He has been an active participant in all the deliberations of the assembly, besides introducing a number of l)ills which have become laws, and his name appears in connection with the most important legis- lation effected during" his incumbency. His course has met the unqualified approval of his constituency and the distinction he has already achieved as a public servant is indication of still greater honors that the future has in store, ^h. Metzger is a man of strong mentality, largely endowed with inclinations for doing good, in whatever sphere he may be called to act. full of the vigor of manly purpose and characterized by the most courageous and conscientious con- victions of right. He has performed his whole duty regardless of fear or favor, and while not coveting the glare of preferment or conspicuous situation, yet when promoted to stations of honor his trustworthiness has been exemplary in all the term implies. He has been a student and thinker all his life, from the first experience in living until to the present time. Accepting labor as the motive, duty and destiny of man, he has not shrunk from its mandate or refused to respect its sacred injunction. Mr. Metzger has been twice married, the first time in 1892, to ^liss Ora Mai'tin, of Mas- sillon. who died the )'ear following, leaving one child. Earl. His second marriage was solem- nized December 14, 1899, with Miss Hattie E. Yost, daughter of Oliver and Clara (Chap- man") Yost, the mother a daughter of Thomas W. Chapman, of JMassillon, the distinguished member of the state senate, who is now in his eighty-eighth year. To this union have been born two children, Thomas Henry, born Sep- tember 14. 1900. and Xellie Yost, born April 6. 1903. JOHN S. HO\\'ENSTINE was born on the old homestead farm, in Pike township, this county, on the 8tb of March, 1829, and in the Greenridge school hrtant ])ublic position. He is a man of firmness and positive convictions but so manifestly honest and sincere in the mainte- nance and expression of his sentiments that those who differ from him most widely are often his \\armest and most intimate friends and associates. He is identifled with several secret fraternal organizations, belonging to Lone Rock Lodge. Knights of Pythias. Alliance Lodge Xo. 467, Bene\-olent and Protective Order of Elks, and \'ivian Council, Royal Arciinnm. holding- the position of regent in the last named society at the present time. A firm believer in revealed religion, his life is a prac- tical illustration of a deep and profound re- ligious faith; the ^Methodist discipline repre- sents his creed and the church of that denomi- nation in Alliance numliers him and his ex- cellent wife among its most faithful, zealous and consistent communicants. ALEXANDER P.. LO\^E, member of the firm of Love it Casselman, dealers in stoves, tinware, hardware, steam heating, etc., is a na- tive of Mahoning county, Ohio, born in the vil- lage of Poland on the i6th day of March, 1845. His grand fatlier, Thomas Love, a native of Donegal, Ireland, came to the United States when a young man of nineteen and settled in ; Ohio \\here he spent the remainder of his life, dying a number of years ago in the county of Afahoning. John Love, son of the above Thomas and father of Alexander B., first saw the light of day in Mahoning county, grew to maturitv at or near Poland and when a vounsf man engaged in the pursuit of agriculture, to which vocation he devoted the active years of his life. ^Vith the exception of a brief resi- dence in Brookville, Trumbull county, he lived in tjie county of ]\Iahoning until 1870, at which time he removed to Alliance where he spent the closing years of his life, dying in 1896, at the ripe old age of eighty-seven. John Love was a man of influence in his communitv and a most excellent and praiseworthy citizen. A staunch Republican and a local leader of his party, he never aspired to ofBcial ' preference, notwithstanding which he was frequently called to public position, having at different times held the various township offices within the gift of the people. He was reared accord- ing to the rather strict discipline of the Pres- byterian creed and remained a zealous and con- sistent member of that church all his life, con- tribuling liberally to the support of the con- gregation to which he belonged, besides freely donating to the spread of the gospel in other places. The maiden name of }klrs. John Lo\-e was Mary P. McMillan ; she became the moth- er of .six children, all living but one, their names being as follows : Alzera, in the rail- road service at Youngstown : Thomas, a tin- ner working at his trade and carrying on busi- ness in Ravenna: Alexander B.. the subject of this sketch, and Edwin, who is engaged in the hardware and tin trade at Bradford, Penn- sylvania. Alexander B. Love was brought up on the home farm in his native county and there, in close touch with nature in wood and field, learned the lessons of industry and thrift which subsequently had such a potent influ- ence in shaping his character and establishing his reputation in the avenues of business life. During his youthful years he attended the public schools and acquired a good practical education and wlien the Civil war broke out 724 OLD LANDMARKS he tendered his services to the government, enhsting in 1862, when a lad of sixteen, in Company F, of the Eiglity-eighth Ohio Infan- try. Voung Love joined the army for only six montlis and at the expiration of that period he returned home and soon afterwards entered upon an apprenticeship in the city of Youngs- town, to learn the tinner's trade. After spend- ing some time there in close application, he finished his apprenticeship at Alliance and dur- ing the twenty years following worked at his chosen calling as a journeyman, spending the greater part of that period at various places in the states of Ohio and Kentucky. Jn 1885 Mr. Love abandoned journeyman v.ork and engaged in business for himself, pur- chasing an interest in the firm of Williams & Oby, at Alliance, dealers in the same line of goods the present firm handle, succeeding Mr. A\'illiams in the enterprise and changing the name to tbat of Oby & Love. Later :\Ir. Will- iams re-entered the firm as successor to Mr. Oby, after which the business was carried on under the style of A. B. Love & Company, until ]\Ir. Casselman bought the interest of \\'iiliams and became the subject's partner, thus constituting the firm of Love & Cassel- man, the largest enterprise of the kind in the city and one of the most successful in the east- ern part of the state. Mr. Love is not only a skillful mechanic in every branch of the trade to wliich he de- voted so many of his active years, but is also an accom])lished, farseeing business man, of ripe experience, sound judgment and high commercial rating. By excellent management and correct methods he has greatly enlarged the scope of the business of which he is now the head, and, as already indicated, he leads the trade in his various lines in this part of the country with a large and constantlv increasing patronage. His in^uence in commercial and industrial circles has won him a place in the front ranks of the city's enterprising and pro- gressive men, a position which his fellow citi- zens have not been slow to realize and appre- ciate. In the year 1888 Air. Love was united in marriage with Miss Jennie McMichael, of Alli- ance, the union being without issue. In the public aitairs of Alliance Mr. Love has long been an active factor and as a member of the city council for twelve years he was instru- mental in l)ringing about much important nm- nicipal legislation. While in that body he stood for improvement, but as a custodian of the people's interest he was careful to con- servatism in the matter of public expenditure. He served his ward faithfully and well, at- tended to his every duty as a punctilious and judicious puljlic servant. In politics he is pro- nounced in his support of the Republican par- t\-, l)ut he has ever labored for the interests of his friends rather than pave his. own way to ofiicial .station. ha\ing no ambition in that di- rection. Mr. Love is a zealous Mason and has risen high in that ancient and honorable order, the principles and precepts of which have had no little influence on his daily life and busi- ness career. He belongs to Alliance Lodge No. 271, Alliance Chapter No. 83. Royal Arch Masons, the council which meets in this city, and to Salem Commandery No. 42, Knights Templar, at Salem. He is also identified with Alliance Lodge No. 266, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and for some vears past has been an active worker in the Pythian brother- hood, holding membership with Lone Rock Lodge No. 23. Religiously he is a Presby- terian and with his \\'ife belongs to the First church of that denomination in Alliance, be- ino- a member of its board of trustees. JNIAJ. E. E. SCRANTON is a native of Portage county, Ohio, and one of a family of ten children whose parents were Ralph and Elizabeth Scranton. fared Scranton. the sub- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 725 ject's grandfather, a native of Connecticut, was one of the original settlers of tlie Western Reserve and his name is intimately associated with the pioneer history of Portage county, having moved to that part of the state soon after the county was opened for settlement and it is a matter of record that he helped clear the site on which the town of Atwater now stands. He was a soldier in the w-ar of 1812, later participated in the struggle with the In- dians and he assisted in capturing the savage that shot "Diver" of Deerfield, a circumstance familiar in the local annals of Portage coun- ty. His father and uncle served in the war of the Revolution and from that remote period to the present time the family has been noted for patriotism and military valor. Ralph Scranton, son of the abo\-e Jared, was born in Portage county in the year 181 2 and in early life learned cabinetmaking, which t!"a(ie he carried on at Deerfield for a period of ten years. In 1845 he came to Stark county and, locating on a farm in Lexington town- ship. de\-oted the remainder of his days to the peaceful pursuit of agriculture, departing this life in the spring of 1868. Ralph Scranton was a man of mark in his community and early became interested in political matters, first as a Whig, later as a Free-soiler and finally as a zealous and unwavering" supporter of the Re- publican party. He was a great admirer of Abraham Lincoln and while the campaign of 1S60 was in progress he made a trip to the west, one of the most pleasant experiences of which was his visit to the "Rail-S])litter" at the latter's home in Spring-field, Illinois. A strong anti-slavery man, he hated human bond- age with all the intensity of his nature and by his outspoken sentiments in favor of the aboli- tion of the system he incurred not a little en- mity on the part of his Democratic neighbors and some distrust from the more conservative of his political friends. He was a man of profound religious convictions and for manv years belonged to the Wesleyan church, which in the early days was the dominant Protestant body in northeastern Ohio. Ralph Scranton married, in his native county, Elizabeth Pick- ering, whose father, Joseph Pickering, came from England in 1830 and spent six weeks on the ocean before seeing the shores of the new world. He came west via the Erie Canal and the lakes to northern Ohio, thence by wagon to Deerfield, Portage county, near which place he settled and improA'ed a farm. On his jour- ney to his new home in the ^^'estern Reserve Mr. Pickering rode the entire length of one of the first railroads liuilt in the L'''nited States (about thirty miles in New York) and he ever afterward referred to the fact as a pleasing reminiscence. As stated in a preceding para- graph, the family of Ralph and Elizabeth Scranton originally consisted of ten children, five of whom are living at the present time, namely: Lavina (Leonard). JNIaj. E. E., Har- rison, Albert and Aldean. JNIaj. E. E. Scranton was born in the town of Deerfield. Portage county, March 2, 1840, and he grew to the full stature of manhood un- der the parental roof, the meanwhile acquiring a preliminary education in the public schools. The training thus received enabled him to re- ceive a teacher's license, after which he taught for some time in the district schools, and in this way earned sufficient money to pay his ex- penses while pursuing a course in Mt. Union College. While attending that institution the great Civil war broke out and no sooner had hostilities began than with true patriotic fervor he laid aside his books and, with other young men equally as loyal as himself, tendered his services to the government in its time of need. In October,. 1861, he enlisted in Company B, Sixty-fifth Ohio Infantry, and in due time he was with his command at the front sharing with his comrades all the terrible realities of war. After spending two and a half years in the ranks, he was made a non-commissioned of- 726 OLD LANDMARKS ficer, siibscquentl)- was promoted adjutant of the regiment and during the latter part of his service commanded his company, having been made ca])tain of the same for meritorious con- duct. The Sixty-fifth is classed by Fox, the historian, as one of the Fighting Regiments, being numbered with otliers that lost over ten per cent, of their men in battle, Maj. Scran- ton was with his command in all its varied ex- perience of campaign and conflict and his rec- ord shows him to have taken part in about twenty battles, among which were the follow- ing: Sliiloh, Stone River, Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Missionary Ridge, Resaca, Dal- las, Kenesaw Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, At- lanta. Jonesboro, Spring Hill, Franklin and Nash^•ille. in one of which, Chickamauga, he recei\-ed a slight wound, bis escape from death upon man_\- occasions being little less than mi- raculous. At the close of the Wcir ]\lr. Scranton re- turned home and --hortly thereafter was united in marriage with ^Nliss Hannah Wood, daugh- ter of Robert \\'ood, the father being a prom- inent farmer and influential citizen of Lexing- ton and an uncle of Re\". Dr. Morgan \\'ood, who at this time is one of the leading divines in the city of C!e\Tland. The winter folU^wing the return of the ^lajor from the army be set up his first domestic establishment on a farm near Lexington and during the ensuing two years devoted his attention to agriculture, teaching one term of school in the interim. In i86S he came to Alliance and engaged in rail- roading, which branch of business claimed his attention during the thirty-two years follow- ing. While in this line of service be was em- ployed in various capacities, first in the freight and ticket oflices of the Pennsylvania road, and on severing bis connection with that com- pany he accepted the position of chief clerk to the general superintendent of the Alliance & Lake Erie, also became acting freight and pas- senger agent at the same time. Mr. Scranton discharged the duties of his dual position for a period of four years, at the expiration of which time the road was changed to the Lake Erie. Alliance & Southern and he was made general superintendent. Five years later that part of the road between Alliance and Phalanx went into the hands of a receiver and was sold, and the name changed to the Alliance & North- ern on the north end, the southern part remain- ing as before, the Lake Erie, Alliance & South- ern, Mr. Scranton being made general manager of both lines, which responsible position he held until the purchase of the roads by the M(jrris- Garfield syndicate in Septemuer, iQor, when be was sncceetled by Col. R. G. Butler. ]\Iaj. Scranton spent fifteen active years as manager of the difl'erent lines referred -to abo\'e. and his achninistration from the begin- ning to the end was eminently satisfactor}- to everybody concerned. When he entered upon his duties conditions were decidedly ad\'erse. but in due time he succeeded in reducing mat- ters to a correct s\stem. setting off all out- standing indebtedness and making the road pay a di\-iden(l before severing bis connection with the ser\-ice. In. March, 190.2, Maj. Scranton assisted to organize the Standard Bolt & Manufacturing Company of .Mliance and was activel}- identi- fied with the enterprise as secretary and treas- urer until June, 1903, when he sold his stock and severed his connection. His previous ex- perience in business concerns of large magni- tude en.abled hini_ to engage in the new under- taking with every assurance of ])usbing it to successful completion and that this was done is abundantly attested by the present high rating of the company and the conspicuous place it occupies among the industrial enterprises of . the citv. !Maj. Scranton is a stockholder of the First National Bank of Alliance and a direc- tor of the same and for eight years past he has been treasurer of Alt. Union College. He is public s])irited in bis relations to ever_\- enter- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 727 prise for tlie material pr^jsperity i)f Alliance and is equally acti\-e in promoting the intellec- tual and nmral ad\ancenient of the cit_\', also manifests an ahiding interest in its social life and as a friend of churches and henevolent or- ganizations and like institutions he has done as much perhai)s as any other man for the gen- eral welfare of the community. Ml'. Scranton is a memljer of John C. Fre- mont I 'list No. /JQ, ( irand Army of the Re- ])uh]ic. Iielongs to the Military Order of the i..oyal Legion, composed of ofRcers who served in the great-Rehellion, and he is also identified with the Royal Arcanum. In religion he ad- heres to the Methodist faith and at the pres- ent time is a member of the otficial board of the church of that denomination in Alliance. Po- liticallv he is one of the Re])ul)lican leaders in Stark county and as such wields a strong in- fluence for his party both in its councils and as an aggressive worker and successful campaign- er, lie has served a number of terms in the city council and has repeatedly l)een chosen to a ])lace on the hoard of education, his services in both capacities being signally useful and greatly appreciated by the people. Financially the Major's business interests have been most fortunate and he is now one of the safe and re- liable men ol Alliance w Uh an ample tortune at his ct)mmand, consisting in part of valuable real estate in this city and elsewhere. He owns a half interest in the Fording & Scranton block, one of the finest nl<^dern office bniklings in the city, .and lii^; three older sons own the Scranton, a building of tiie same character and use as the former, both structures being ornaments to the town and reflecting great credit upon the proprietors. Major and Mrs. Scranton have six chil- dren, the oldest of whom, R. Mel\-ille, is a member of the firm of Scranton & Cole, real estate agents and proprietors of a large job printing establishment. Clarence O., the sec- ontl son, was for fifteen years in the emplox' of the Lake Erie, Alliance & Southern Rail- road and afterwards and until recently he was general freight and passenger agent of the Lake F.rie. Alliance & Western. Since leav- ing the railway service he is in business in Oklahoma. Laurin !>., the next in t)rder of birth, is in the railway mail service, running on the Pennsylvania line. Edison \i.. a grad- uate of Annapolis, is an ensign in the U. S. na\y on the gunboat "Ranger": Homer (i., the youngest memlier of the faunly, is attend- ing Mt. LTnion College, has an honorable rec- ord as a student and is one of the star ])layers in the ]\lt. I'niou basket ball team, the chani- ])ion team of the state. Evalina is still with her parents. She is one of the most acconi- ])lishcd musicians in Alliance and for some time ])ast has been the efiicient and ])o]>ular organist of the first Methodist h'piscopal church of this city. Lh:VJ \\. JOHNSON is a native .son of the old P)uckeye state, having been born in the \illage of -Atwater, Portage county, on the T Jth of September, 1856. He is a son of Will- i.am and Elizal)eth (Burden) Johnson, of will we three children he is the elder of the two siir\i\ing. his brother, lliram k'.. being liki'- w ise a resident of Alliance. William John- son was born in Connecticut, in the year 1820, ami was there reared and educated, while he learned the trade of shoemaking under the di- rection of his father. The family came to Ohio in an early day, and located in Portage county, A\'here William and his father worked together at their trade, the hitter's death oc- curring in that ])lace in 1863. while the son's death occurred on the following day, being but little more than thirty years of age at the time. M the time of his father's death the subject of this sketch was but si.x years of age, and he then w cut to the home of his maternal grand- father, f^axid llurden, a prominent resident of 728 OLD LANDMARKS Maboniilg" county, where he served for many years as justice of the peace, having an ex- cellent knowledge of the law and arguing many cases in the courts at the instance of his neighbors. He died Avhcn the subject was but fourteen years of age, and for the following- two years the latter resided in the home of his uncle, William Cline, in Malioning county, in the meanwhile attending the common scliools as opportunity presented. At the age of sixteen years he came to Alliance, whither his widowed mother had preceded him, and he became the chief support of the family, hav- ing secured employment in the steel-rolling mills. He was thus engaged during two sum- mers, continuing his studies in the Alliance schools during the intervening winters, and he then secured a clerkship in the grocery of Marchand & Warren, while later he was sim- ilarly employed in the establishments of Col. Oswald Colestock and James I. Rickard. While in the employ of the last mentioned he was elected to the office of trustee of Lexing- ton township, and at the expiration of his first term he was shown still further evidence of public confidence and esteem, being then elected county commissioner, in which capac- ity he rendered most capable service, being chosen as his own successor at the expiration of his first term and thus serving for six 3'ears consecutively. In politics he has ever given a stanch allegiance to the Republican party and has been active in its local ranks. He is a member of the Disciples' church, and frater- nally is identified with Lone Rock Lodge No. 23. Knights of Pythias, and Alliance Lodge No. 12. Knights of the Maccabees, while he is also a member of the L^niformed rank of the former. In No\-em])cr. 1901, Air. Johnson engaged in the shoe business in Alliance, and he has a finely stocked and erfuipped establishment at 460 Main street, where he has built up a large and representative trade, his correct methods and personal popularity having conserved his success, while he is now one of the leading mer- chants in the line in the city. On the 23d of December, 1877, Mr. John- son was united in marriage to Miss Cynthia Knowles, of Alliance, and they became the par- ents of one child, Vella, wdio is now the wife of Frank DeWolf, who is a clerk in the sub- ject's store. Airs. Johnson was summoned into the life eternal in 1884, and on the ist of No- vember, 1888, the subject wedded Mrs. Cla- rinda Johnson, widow of Charles Johnson and a daughter of Alatthew Wood, of Alliance. Xo children ha\e been born of this union. AIARTIX WIKIDAL.— Ignatius Wikidal, father of ]\lartin,.was born in the city of Die- ditz, Aloravia, Austria, and there passed his en- tire life, as did also his wife, whose maiden name was Magdalene Polarsheck. He devoted his life to agricultural pursuits, being a man of sterling character and a worthy type of the sturdy A'eomanr}- \\\\o t\er conser\-e the pros- peritv of an\- community or nation. In the town above mentioned Mas born Alartin \\'iki- dal, the date of his nativity being October 8, 1800, and as the loving mother bent over the modest cradle of her son she could little con- jecture that in a far land he would in his ma- ture years win honor and distinction and achieve a success of no indefinite quality. His father was killed by French soldiers in the memorable and historic battle of Austerlitz, in 180Q. so that the subject never knew a father's care and guidance, as he was a chiM at the time this disaster came to the family. Martin re- ceived his education in his native land, learning both the German and French languages, which were in common use in that section. As a boy he went to the city of Vienna, where he learned the trade of mantua-making, to which he con- tinued to devote his attention until 1817, when, at the age of seventeen }'ears, he went to the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 729 home of liis sister, in France, in order to escape military duty, which was enforced by govern- ment regulations. In making this trip he trav- eled eleven hundred miles on foot and finally arrived at his destination, the town of Lure, France, where he resided in the home of his sister Antoinette from 1819 until 1833. In the meanwhile he was employed in the mercantile establishment of his brother-in-law and re- ceived excellent business training. Through acquaintances and reading of the newspapers of the day he learned much concerning the ad- vantages offered in the United States, and be- came imbued with tlie desire to seek his for- tunes in the new world. Accordingly, on the 23d of ]\Iarch, 1833. he set sail for America, being forty days en route and disembarking in the port of New 'S^ork city. He brought \^•ith him eight trunks filled with dry goods, which had been given to him by his brother-in-law, in order that he might have a definite basis upon which to start in lausiness in such place as he should decide to locate in the land of his adoption. He came forthwith to Canton, ar- riving in the village, which then had about eight hundred population, on the 15th of June, 1833, his choice of location having been made by reason of the fact that a large number of French people had here established homes, and it will be noted at the present time that numer- ous towns and localities in Stark county bear French names, while there are to be found many representative citizens who are descended from the pioneer French stock in the county. He opened business in a modest building which stood on the site of the present Durbin & Wright drug store, on Market street, while his residence was on the site of the present Zollin- ger store. He later purchased and removed to a building in the center of the court-house block, where he continued operations until 1848, when such success had attended his efforts that he was enabled to erect a three-story brick building on the same site, this being one of the largest and most pretentious structures in the business district for many years, while it is a pleasure to refer in this connection to the description of this building appearing in the section of this publication devoted to old land- marks of the county. In this structure Mr. \\'ikidal continued to be engaged in the mer- cantile business until the time of the Civil war, becoming one of the most prosperous business men and influential citizens of the county. After retiring from the mercantile enter- prise IMr. ^V'ikidal became interested in the banking lousiness, in which he was associated with the late Julius Whiting, Sr., of whom specific mention is matle elsewhere in this vol- ume, while another interested principal were Isaac Harter, Sr. In 1868 Mr. Wikidal re- tired from acti\'e business life, though he con- tinued to give his attention to the supervision of his various interests, and he thereafter li\-ed in dignified repose until his death, which oc- curred on the 17th of December, i'893, at which time he had attained the patriarchal age of ninety-three years, while he was revered as one of tlie noble pioneers of the county and as one who had ever proved worthy of all trust and confidence. He was distinctively a man of aff'airs. and his energies and abilities were never dissipated in the slightest degTee, though he had to do with manifold interests of important nature. He was a member of the directorate of the Canton City Bank, of which he was president for several years, and was a stock- holder in the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chicago Railroad and the Connotton Valley Railroad. In politics he was originally arrayed as a sup- porter of the \Vhig party, but transferred his allegiance to the Republican party at the time of its organization and thereafter remained a stanch advocate of its principles. He was reared in the faith of the Catholic church, while his wife was a member of the Lutheran church. Though never an aspirant for public office Wv. ^^^ikidal ser\-ed efficientlv as a member of the 73° OLD LANDMARKS city council, and his aid and influence could al- ways be counted ujion in connection with legit- imate enterprises and undertakings projected for the l)enetit of his home city, county and state. On the 23d of August. 1S34, was solem- nized the marriage of JNIr. Wikidal to Miss Fredericka Schaefer, who was bom in Baren- thal, France (now Germany), near the famed oM citv of Strassburg. in the province of Al- sace-Loraine. the date of her nativity being September 13, 1813. She was a daughter of Piiilip Schaefer, who emigrated from France to .\merica about 1829, becoming one of the ))ioneers and representative citizens of Stark county, where he passed the remainder of his life. He was born March 24, 1779, and he • lied in Mapleton.this county, on the 2d of Oc- tober. 1855. His wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Lehr, was born Aug'ust 11, 1777, and died on the loth of January, 1842. Mrs. Wikidal was reared in the province of Alsace- Lorraine, on the border between France and Germany, and thus she was educated in the lan.gua.ges of both countries, as was her hus- band. She had three brothers: Jacob died in Minneapolis, Minnesota: Philip, Jr., died in South Bend, Indiana. July tt, 1870; and Louis died in Canton, on the 12th of November, T889, at the age of seventy-three years. The happy married life of Mr. and ]\Irs. Wikidal was prolon.ged over the period of nearly sixty years, and the .gracious ties which had so long bound them were severed liy her death, which occurred on the Titli of January, 1890, at the family home in Canton. Of their children we enter the following record: Louis, who died in Topeka, Kansas, on the 17th of !May, 1883; William, who was in the quartermaster's de- liartment of the One Hiuidred and Fourth Ohio ^^olunteer Infantry during the Rebellion, died in the city of Bosttin, [Massachusetts, on the 27th of February, 1887: Fdward died in Can- ton, on the 9th of December, 1897: Charles died in this city, on the i8th of March, 1875; Fmma is the widow of John R. Bucher, of Canton ; Clara A. is the wife of Roliert S. Shields, of Canton ; she has one daughter. Clara, who is the wife of C. Rudolph Shultz, of Murray Hill, New Jersey; Julia A. is the wife of Frederick K. Huxthal, and they now reside in Redlands, California. WILLL\M LINCOLN HART, senior member of the well-known law firm of Hart & Koehler, of the city of Alliance, has \\on distincti\-e prestige at the bar and is known as one of the able and representative members of his profession in Stark county. Mr. Hart claims Ohio as the state of his natixit)-, hav- ing been born in the Scottish \illage of In- verness, Columbiana county, on the 5th of February, 1867, being a son of Benjamin F. and Ariel S. (Dreghorn) Hart, and the eldest of their children, all of whom survive, name- ly: William L., .subject of this sketch; John D., who is engaged in the grocery business in Alliance; W'innie P., who is the wife of Frank Bricker, of Lisbon, Columbiana county: Charles G., who resides near Salineville, that county; Margaret M., who is a teacher in the ]ni])lic schools of Salinex'ille: and Sarali E., Harriet A,, Fred A. G., Bertha A. and Raymond F., all of whom remain beneath the parental roof. The father of the subject was likewise born near Inverness, Columbiana county, and is a son of John Swift Hart and Prudence Hart, who were honored pioneers of that county. John S. Hart, the grandfa- ther of \\'illiam L. Hart, was born in Geneva. New York, and became the father of .seventeen children. It should be noted in this connection that the patriotism of the family has been exem- ]ilified in a significant way. Of the seventeen children mentioned, seven of the eight sons CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 731 were \aliant soldiers in the war of the Re- belhon, tlie father of tliis sketch being a mem- ber of the Twenty-sixth Ohio Veteran A'okm- teer Battery. ]\Iost of the seven sons were in the tliree-years service, and all survived the war. Adverting further to the military his- tory of the family, we iind that the grandfa- ther, John S. Hart, was a veteran of the war of 1812, while his father, Silas Hart, was a patriot soldier in the Continental line during the war nf the Revolution, which fact indi- cates that the name has been long and honor- ably identified with the annals of American history. Of the seventeen children of John S. Hart, all l)ut two lived to attain years of maturity, and six of the number are living at the pres- ent time. The Hart family comes of old Puri.- tan stock, of English extraction, while the Dreghorn family is of Scotch origin, John L)regh(>rn, grandfather of our subject, hav- ing been born in Kilmarnock, Scotland. Ben- jamin 1^'. Hart was born in the year 1843, and was reared on the old homestead farm in Co- lumliiana county. The old brick house in which he was Ixirn is still standing and is in an excellent state of preservation, although erected as the first of its kind in that section in the }'ear 1836. After his marriage he lo- cated on a farm adjoining the homestead on wliich he was born and reared, and still resides in the same place, and is one of the highly es- teemed and influential citizens of his native county, with whose development and upbuild- ing the name has been linked from the early pioneer epoch, in politics he is a Republican, having cast his first vote for Abraham Lin- coln for President, and both he and his wife are zealous members of the Methodist Epis- copal church. ^^'i!liam L. Hart. avIkisc name initiates this review, was reared on the homestead farm and secured his early educational training in the public schools, while later he was a stu- dent for four years in Mount Union College, in Alliance. At the age of eighteen years h.e began teaching school in his home dis- trict, and later he taught in the schools of Madi- son and Butler townships, Columbiana county, and in Paris township. Stark county, having been successfully engaged in pedagogic work for seven years, within which time he also pur- sued his collegiate course, defraying the ex- penses of the same through his efforts as a teacher. In 1893 '^^''- -H'"!''! became city editur nf the Alliance Daily Critic, now known as the Alli- ance Daily Leader, and during his ci:)iinectiiin with this paper he made an enviable record as a forceful and effective writer and a most un- tiring worker. Lideed his position was no sin- ecure, since he was not only the sole city editur and reporter for the paper, but also read his proof sheets, thus practically doing the work of two men, and man\' in the local field still frequently make mention of his indefatigable and well-directed labors in this line of work. In the autumn of 1895 Mr. Hart was matriculated in the law department of the Lni- \'ersity of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, where he completed the prescribed course and was grad- uated as a member of the class of 1897, re- cei\ing the degree of Bachelor of Laws, while during his senior year he had the distinction of being president of his class, a fact which intlicates his i)ersonal popularity among his fellow students. On the loth day of June, i.if the same year, Mr. Hart appeared for exami- nation for admission to the bar of Ohio, and in the same stood thii'd in a class of ninety ap- licants. On the first of the following Octo- ber he opened a law office in Alliance, and on the fir.st of March, 1898, he entered into a professional partnersliip with Dennis E. Rog- ers, which ]iartnership continued until the death or ]\lr. Rogers, which occurred on the 732 OLD LANDMARKS 15th of January, 1903. Upon the death of Mr. Rogers Mr. Hart became asso- ciated in the practice of law with Hugo C. Koeliler, under tlie firm name of Hart & Koehler. wliich firm has since contin- ued the practice at AlHance, retaining a repre- sentative clientage and having to do with much important litigation in the courts of the county and state. Mr. Hart is known as an able ad- vocate and counsellor, and such is his appre- ciative recognition of the ethical code of his profession that he has the good will and esteem of his compeers at the bar. Politically, Mr. Hart is a staunch advocate of the principles of the Republican party, and while he lias never been an aspirant for of- ficial preferment, by appointment of Mayor Walker, he is serving as a member of the board of sinking fund commissioners for Alliance. He has always taken an active part in party councils and is now a member of the Stark county Republican executive committee. He and his wife are members of the First Meth- odist Episcopal church of Alliance, and he is also serving on its board of trustees. He is identified with the Alpha Tau Omega Greek- letter college fraternity, Lone Rock Lodge No. 23, Knights of Pythias, and the Independent Order of Foresters, while he is also a member of the Alliance social club known as the Duode- cemvirate. On the 15th of September, 1897, Mr. Hart was united in marriage to Miss Ida B. Caskey, of Alliance, a daughter of Bertha and Nathan Caskey. She is a young woman of gracious presence and high accomplishments, having been a student in Mount Union College at the same time as was her husband, and there com- pleting a course in literature, while she was also graduated from the stenographical department of the college. Mr. and Mrs. Hart have one child. Julian Bruce, who was liorn on the 28th of December, 1800. WILLL\^I CHARLES MANCHES- TER, M. D., is a native of the state of West Virginia, having been born in Clifton, Mason county, on the 30th of April, 1872, and being the eldest son of Rev. Charles E. Manchester, D. D., now presiding elder of the Steubenville district of the Ohio conference of the Meth- odist Episcopal church. Rev. Dr. Manchester was born in Litchfield county, Connecticut, in 1 8.4.4. aiicl aliout nine years later accompanied his parents on their removal to Ohio, the fam- ily locating in Lorain county, where his early youth was passed, and where his preliminar\- educational discipline was received. When the dark cloud of civil war obscured the na- tional horizon he enlisted in the Twenty-third Regime4it of Ohio Volunteer Infantry, the famous organization which enrolled among- its members e.x-Presidents Hayes and INIcKin- ley. Stanley Matthews and J. M. Camley. After a service of more than three years as a valiant soldier of the republic, he returned to Ohio and entered the Ohio Wesleyan Univer- sity, at Delaware, where he took a special course preparatory to entering the ministry. Thereafter he traveled for twelve years in the state of West Virginia, and it was within this period that the subject of this sketch was born. Rev. Dr. Manchester is a lineal descendant of Commodore Oliver H. Perry, the hero of the Ijattle of Lake Erie, and is of Revolutionary stock on both the paternal and maternal sides. He is of the sixth generation in descent from Benjamin Mills, who was sergeant of a company from New Hartford, Connecticut, in the bat- tle of Lexington, and later first lieutenant of a company of the New Hartford Fifth Conti- nental Regiment, which was commanded by Colonel Burg and was in the brigade com- manded b\- (leneral Wadsworth. He is a great- great-grandson of John Manchester, who was in the artillery .service on the Rhode Island coast during the Revolution, and is also a CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 733 great-great-grandson of Abner Case, who was a member of Captain Brown's companj', which participated in the laattles about New York in the early period of the war for independence. In the maternal line the family record is as closely allied to Revolutionary history, but the exact data in the connection is not accessible at the time of this writing. His forbears on both sides came from England about the year 1700. Dr. ^Manchester returned to Ohio in 1880 and later became pastor of the First Methodist Episcopal church at Canton, of which the late lamented President McKinley and his loved and dex'oted mother and wife were members, and it was his sad privilege to deliver the ad- dress at tlie funeral of both the President and his mother, while he and his wife had been members of the President's party at the inaug- uration on the 4th of March, 1896. He left Canton in 1901 and went to the Steubenville district, of which he was made presiding elder, and he and his wife now reside in the city of Steubenville, \\hile he continues incumbent of the dignified oflice mentioned. For many years Dr. ^Manchester was very prominent in the Grand Army of the Republic, and is at pres- ent department chaplain. He has given many addresses on topics touching the great Civil war. He is a man of marked erudition and forceful individuality and is a power in the church in which he has so long and effectively labored, consecrating his life to service in the vineyard of the diNine Master. His wife, whose maiden name was Emma Case, is a daughter of Deacon John S. Case, of Welling- ton, Ohio, and her mother, whose maiden name was Diantha Blair, was a resident of Roots- town, Portage county, at the time of her mar- riage, and was an aunt of the late ex-Governor Lucius Fairchild. of Wisconsin, who was at one time commander of the NTational Grand Army of the Republic. Her brother, Frank S. Case, was captain of a company in the Second Ohio Cavaln-, during the Civil war and later became treasurer of Logan county, Ohio. Rev. Dr. and ]\Irs. Manchester became the parents of several children, of wdiom only two are now living, ^\'illiam C, the immediate subject of this sketch, and Frank S., who is a successful dentist in Canton, Ohio. Dr. William C. Manchester, whose name initiates this sketch, received his early edu- cational training principally in the public schools of Wheeling and Parkersl.mrg, West Virginia, and Cleveland, Ohio, while he com- pleted his high-school course in Barnesville, Belmont county, this state. He then entered the preparatory department of his father's alma mater, the Ohio \\''esleyan L'niversity, at Delaware, and in 1890 he was matriculated in Adelbert College, at Cleveland, Ohio, where he completed the course in modern languages and other concomitant studies. He then entered the medical department of the Western Re- serve l'ni\-ersit)-, at Cleveland, where he was graduated as a member of the class of 1898, re- ceiving his degree of Doctor, of Medicine. He thereafter passed two years as interne in the United States marine hospital in the citj- of Cleveland, gaining most valuable clinical ex- perience, and for more than a j^ear he was first assistant pii}sician in the state hospital at ^iassillon. Stark county. He is an enthusiast in his profession and has been successfully es- tal)lished in practice in Alliance since August, 1901, gaining prestige through his thorough knowledge of the sciences of medicine and surgery, his skill in diagnosis and his ready power of ajiplying his technical knowledge, as well as thmugh hi'^ genial presence and unfail- ing courtesy to all. While not a specialist, Dr. Manchester is fond of microscopical work and research, and brings the microscope into much requisition in connection with diagnosis. He is also greatly interested in the treatment of nervous diseases, to which he has given close and discriminating study, and he ranks well in his profession. The Doctor is a member 734 OLD LANDMARKS of the Stark Culiiity Acadeni}' of Medicine and the Canton Medical Society, and is examining physician for a nuniher nf the leading life-in- surance coni]janies. as well as court physician for -Alliance Court, Independent Order of For- esters, cif whicli he is a memlier, and medical examiner for Vivian Council No. 349, Royal Arcann.ni, with which he is likewise affiliated. He also holds memhership in the Alpha Tau Omega college fraternity ; Desmond Lodge No. 719, Knights of Pythias; and the Duodecem- virate, a local social club. He is one of the' popular young men and rising physicians of the city, where he commands unequivocal con- fidence and esteem. In politics he gives a stanch allegiance to the Republican party, tak- ing an active interest in its cause. The Doc- tor and his wife are both zealous members of the hirst Methodist Episcopal church. On the 15th of August, 1901, Dr. Alan- chester \\as united in marriage to Miss Ida Austin, daughter of Samuel Austin, a promi- nent contractor and builder of Cleveland. She is a graduate of the woman's college of the Western Reser\-e Uni\ersity. and is a young wom.an of gracious refinement and many ac- complishments. To this union one child, Win- nifred, has been born. Dr. and Mrs. Manches- ter have a pleasant liome at 328 Market street; the house having formerly been the residence of Dr. M. J. Lichty, now of Cleveland. JOHN L. McCONNELL.— The family of which John L. McConnell is a worthy rep- resentative had its origin in Ireland, his grand- father, James McConnell, having been for many years a successful farmer and prominent citizen of county Donegal. John McConnell. son of the above James and father of the sub- ject, was born in tliat county in 1827. He re- mained on the paternal estate until a young man of twenty, when he came to the United States, reaching this country some time during the year 1S47 '^'^^^ locating at ^^'ashington, Pennsyhania, where he apprenticed himself to lern-n the miller's trade. Becoming efficient in his chosen \-ocation, he worked for some years as a journeyman miller and about 1856 re- moved to Rock Island, Illinois, where, one year later, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary J. Culbertson, a native of Ohio. In 1 861 he abandoned his trade and purchasing a farm near the city of Rock Island settled down to the quiet life of an agriculturist, which pur- suit he followed until 1864, when he disposed of his landed interests in Illinois and moved to Belmont county, Ohio. After a residence of about three years in that part of the state, dur- ing which time he tilled the soil for a liveli- hood, Air. McConnell changed his abode to Alliance and for some years there- after devoted his attention to merchandis- ing, becoming in due time one of the leading grocers and enterprising business men of the city. With the exception of one }'ear spent in the emi)lo}' of the Pennsyl- \'ania Railroad Company, he followed this line of trade until his death, in 1889, his sons, John 1.. and Joseph H., assisting him towards the latter part of his career, the conditif)n of his health for some time precluding active par- ticipation in business affairs. Air. McConnell was a man of strong mentality and sound com- mon sense, intensely practical in business and in the main successful in all his undertakings. Intelligent beyond the average and widelv in- formed, he exercised consideraljle influence among those with whom he associated and while never an office seeker or as|)irant for leadership., he took an active interest in politics and public matters and for a number of years re]:)resented his ward in the common council of Alliance, besides serving at different times on the city school board. In early life he was ah ardent old-time Whig, but later became a zealous supporter of the Republican party and as such continued to the end of his davs. He CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 735 was also deeplv religious ami, sul.iscrihing to the Methodist faith, proved a valuable meiu- l)er of the church at the different places where lie lived, ha\-ing been especially zealous in the congregation at Alliance, which hundred him with various responsible public positions. I'ra- ternally he was an Odd Fellow and his memor}- is cherished by the lodge in Alliance as that of a man who at all time;; and under all circum- stances lived according to the beautiful and sublime precepts of the order. Mr. McConnell's first wife, to whom ref- erence is made in a preceding- paragraph, was burn in (luernsey county, Ohio, in the year 1837, 'I'^'l departed this life at .\lliance in iSXi, having borne her husband two children, the subject of thi-s sketch and Joseph 1 !.. whose biography ajjjiears elsewhere in these pages. Some time after the death of the mother of these sons, the father cnntracteil a niatrinn mial alliance with Mrs. Lizzie Templiii (nee Ow- ington), of Mahoning county, Ohio, this mar- riage being without issue. The birth of John L. McConnell, whose career is brielly outlined in the following para- graphs, occurred on the 18th of July, i860, in Belmont county. Ohio, and he spent the years of his childhood and youth under the parental roof, receiving the meanwhile a good education, principally in the public schools of Alliance. When a mere lad he became ac- (|uainted with the practical affairs of life in his father's store and while there developed universal business capacity and tact as an effi- cient and obliging salesman. l"nder his fa- ther's direction he gained much \aluable knowledge and made such rapid ad\anceinent that within a few years he was able to assume a great part of the responsibility of the business, the success of which in later years fell \erv largely upon his shoulders. In 1879 Mr. McConnell severed his connec- tion with the store to accept a clerical position with the Pennsylvania Railroad, and he contin- ued with this comjianv during the ensuing eight years, meantime. b_\- the efficient dis- charge of his duties and general meritori(.nis service, rising to higher and more responsible stations than the (_>ne with which lie sl;irted. In 1881 Mr. J\[cConncll. on ;iccount of his father's ill health, resigned his position and with his l)rotlier took charge of the grocery, the twi) Conducting the business in the father's interest until the hitler's death in 1889. They then succeedetl to the business ami ran the same jointly until i8()(), when they disposed of the stock, the subject the same'year becom- ing a memljcr of the .Alliance Wholesale (jro- cery Company, of which he was made presi- dent and with which he continued identified until disposing of his interest in the concern, in Jul}', 1902. Since that year he has been dealing in real estate and he now commands a large and far-reaching business, operating extensiveh' in Alliance and Stark county, be- sides handling a great deal of property in many other counties of Ohio to say nothing of his lucrati\'c ])atronage in other states of the L'nion. .As a business man Mr, McConnell is care- ful ami discreet, possessing much more than ordinary ability and judgment and the several enterprises in which he has been engaged ha\e redounded greatly to his financial advantage. so that lie is now in independent circum- stances, with a coml'nrtable fortune Laid up against the po.ssible day of adversity or for the declining years in which man is supposed to cease from his strenuous eft'orts and enjoy the fruits of his labors. Politically Mr. McConnell has long been an important factor in the Re- ])ul)!ican ])art\' and for a number of years his inlluence in local affairs has been duly appre- ciated by his fellow citizens of Alliance who recognize in him tho.se elements which enter largely into the make-u]) of the successful lead- er of men. lie has been especiallv acti\e in municipal matters and in 1900 was elected to 736 OLD LANDMARKS represent the second ward in tlie city council, was re-elected in 1902 and upon the organiza- tion of the bod_y that year was made its pres- ident, which position he still holds. In the language of another, "He presides over the deliberations of the council with dignity, and his rulings being manifestly fair, he has the respect and confidence of the members, each of whom, regardless of politics, looks upon him as a friend." As president, ]\Ir. McCon- nell takes an acti\'e interest in all improve- ments looking to the welfare of the people. He is conservative, but liberal in the expendi- ture of public funds, his one consideration be- ing that the people shall recei\-e full return for all money expended. Like many other intelligent, broad minded, enterprising men, Mr. IMcConnell is an ardent member of that oldest and noblest of fraternal societies, the Ma.sonic brotherhood, believing thoroughly in its principles, respecting its splendid history and time-honored traditions and exemplifying in his relations with his fellow men its beautiful and sublime precepts. He belongs to Conrad Lodge No. 271. Free and Accepted Masons, at Alliance, Alliance Chapter No. 84, Royal Arch ^Masons, Omega Council No. 104, at Salem. Salem Command- ery No. 42, Knights Templar, Lake Erie Con- sistory, at Cle\-elan(l. and Al Koran Temple, Mystic Shrine, which holds its sessions in the city last named. He stands prominent in these \-arious branches of the order, manifests an abiding interest in their deliberations and at dill'erent times he has been honored with im])ortant oihcial positions, the duties of which he dischargeil in a manner befitting their dig- nity and his high standing as a Mason with the greatest good of the brotherhood at heart. He is also an Odd Fellow of high degree, hold- ing membership with Lodge No. 266 at Alli- ance, besides being one of the leading spirits to the Alliance Encampment No. 144. Li mat- tei-s religious he has deep and profound convic- tions and he still subscribes to the doctrines of the Methodist church, in which he was born and reared and to which his loyalty has al- ways been much more than a sentiment or mere intellectual assent to a stated form of belief. Mr. McConnell's domestic life began in 1898, when he was united in the bonds of wedlock with Miss Luella Fillmore, of Ra- ^■enna, Ohio, a lady of many virtues and excel- lent traits of character and a member of one of the highly esteemed families of the city in wiiich she formerh'lived. DAA'ID L. TSCHANTZ.— As proprietor of a flourishing and important business, con- ducted imder the title of the Canton Buggy Company, the subject of this review is num- bered among the representative business men of Stark county and his honorable and successful career well entitles him to definite recognition in this compilation. Mr. Tschantz established his present enterprise on the 4th of February, 1898. beginning his operations in an old frame building which stood on the site of his present commodious and well equipped c|uarters, at 1522-28 East Tuscarawas street, where he has a substantial building eighty feet .square, three stories in height in addition to the basement. Here he conducts an extensive business in the nianufacturing of carriages and buggies, keep- ing in stock an average of two hundred and fifty finished vehicles, while the extent of the output of the factory may be understood when we state that at the time the data for this sketcl: was secured there were five hundred and fift}' vehicles in course of construction in the estab- lishment, employment being given to twenty- two skilled workmen, while the products are recognized for their superior excellence. Mr. Tschantz, as the name implies, comes of stanch German lineage, and he is a native son of the Buckeye state, having been bom on a farm in Sugar Creek township, Wayne coun- ^nef. Oi^£'.^. Pt-'u'oafns cS^yr^ JV^ ;Qr , K^(^i4S-^/i>^'0^t-^" CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 737 ty, Ohio, on the 3d of March, 1867, and when he was about three years of age his parents took up their aljode on a farm in the immediate vi- cinity of Orrville, that county. The subject was reared under the sturdy discipline of the farm and received liis early educational train- ing in the public schools. The original an- cestor of the family in the United States was born and reared in Switzerland, and was the grandfather of him whose name initiates this sketch. He came from his native land to the United States in the year 181 1, and soon after- ward took up his residence in Wayne comity. Ohiio, where he took up a large tract of gov- ernment land and became one of the influential citizens of his section. He was a skilled me- chanic and manufactured the first wagons ever constructed in \^''ayne county, while in addition to conducting this enterprise in connection with his farming, he also manufactured pumps, hav- ing invented a device in this line that was long in common use in that section of the state, where he passed the remainder of his life, attaining a venerable age. Peter .Tschantz, father of the subject, succeeded to the manufacturing busi- ness, which he expanded in scope, engaging in the manufacture of buggies and surreys, which were the finest to be had in that locality in his day. He was reared on the homestead farm and learned his trade under the etYective direc- tion of his father, and it is interesting to note that thi'ee generations of the family have now attained high reputation in connection with this line of enterprise in the state of Ohio. Upon attaining maturity Peter Tschantz was united in maiTiage to Miss Annie Hostetter, who was likewise bom and reared in Wayne county, be- ing a daughter of Nicholas Hostetter, who as- sisted in the construction of the canal through to Massillon, Stark county, this having been the principal means of transportation in the early days and being considered an improvement of great importance, as, indeed, it was, since the highways were few and almost impenetrable 46 and railroads were unknown. The parents of the subject still reside in Wayne county, anct there the father is still actively engaged in business. " He is a Democrat in politics ancE both he and iiis wife are members of the Men- nonite church, \\d'iile they retain the unquali- fied confidence and regard of all who know them, being folk of sterling worth of character. They became the parents of three children, of wdiom all are living at the present time. While a mere boy David L. Tschantz, the immediate 'subject of this sketch, began an ap- prenticeship at the trade of wagon and car- riage-making in his father's establishment, hav- i!ig worked in the shop and fired the engine in the same when but six years of age, while he began to work at the anvil when so young that he was compelled to stand on a box in order to deliver the requisite blows. He attended school" during the winter months and continued tc work in the shop during the summers until he had attained the age of eleven years, when he began working in the painting department o£ the establishment, where he was employed until he had reached the age of fifteen years, while it may be stated that he gained special facility as a painter, since in the summer of his fifteenth year he painted one hundred vehicles, and there- after he worked in the various departments of the business and continued to remain at the parental home until he was twenty-two years of age, when he initiated his essentially inde- pendent career, being employed on a farm for a period of nine months and then passing the ensuing winter in his father's shops. In the spring- lie joined his uncle, who was likewise a ff'rmer and wagon-maker, residing near Lattas- burg, Wayne county, and there he w'as em- ployed on the farm and in the shop for a period of three years, after which he returned to his home and purchased a small farm adjoining- the old homestead, and this tract of twenty acres he placed under effective cultivation and also assisted in the work of his father's shopy 738 OLD LANDMARKS tor the ensuing two years. Mr. Tschantz next removed to Allen county, Ohio, where he joined another uncle, and in that locality he made his initial venture iii an independent husiness, opening a small shop, to which he gave his at- tention for some time, while for a portion of each of three years he was a traveling sales- man for the Ney Manufacturing Company, of Cancon, manufacturers of hay tools. About this time he in\ented and patented a new and improved sling carrier, from the sale of which device he realized a sufficient sum to enable him to secure a start in the manufacturing line. He ■entered into an agreement, however, to make a business trip for Harvey M. Miller, of Canton, for whom he sold two car loads of buggies Avithin a trip of eighteen days' duration. At Bluffton, Allen county, Ohio, on the 30th of August, 1896, was solemnized the mar- riage of Mr. Tschantz to Miss Maggie Ams- tu.tz, daughter of John S. Amstutz, of that place, and they thereafter made a trip of eleven thousand miles through the western states, Avhile he combined both business and pleasure during his itinerary. Upon his return from this interesting journey Mr. Tschantz located in Canton and established himself in business as a manufacturer, as has been noted in a form- er paragraph of this article. His thorough knowledge of all details of the business in which he is engaged, his energy, progressive methods and honorable dealings, as coupled with the manifest superiority of his products, have enabled him to build up a large and pros- perous business and to gain a high place in pop- ular esteem. He has been in a significant sense the architect of iiis own fortune, and on this score his success and prestige are the more gratifying to contemplate. In politics he main- tains an independent attitude, supporting the men and measures which meet the approval of his judgment, while both he and his wife are members of the Mennonite church, in whose faith thev were reared. Thev have no children. KIXC I'W^klJL^'. — Jonathan King was born in .\rmstrong county, Penns_\l\ania, Jan- uary 5, 1804. His father, George 'King, was a native of the same state, and married Sarah Svlvis. bv whom he had a family of seven children, viz : Jonathan, the subject of this sketch; Christina (Frankfort), deceased; Eliz- abeth, deceased; Alary (McCulloch), de- ceased; Henry, deceased; Anna (\\'ahl) and Phebe (Ramsdell ). both of whom are residents of Indiana. At the age of fifteen Jonathan King was apprenticed to a potter. He served a full apprenticeship, but was dismissed with- out receiving the customary "apprentice" suit of clothes. During- the following winter he went with his uncle, John \\'ile. on a raft of saw logs to Pittsburg to trade for flour for his mother. Failing to get flour sufficient in exchange for the saw logs to last till harvest, and having no money, he rettu^ned home. lUit not discouraged he started with several others with a four-horse team for the west, stopping in Springfield township, Mahoning county (then Columbiana county), Ohio, where he en- gaged to work during the summer for wheat, which was paid in advance, and sent back to his mother with the persons with whom he came. In the fall of the same year he returned to Pennsylvania and remo\ed his mother, brothers and sisters to Springfield townshi]>. In 1832 he was married to Lydia Keck, and ir April, 1826, removed to Berlin township. Ma- honing countv (then Trumbull). Ohio, where he had purchased a farm the fall previous. He settled upon his farm and devoted himself witi diligence to the work of Iniilding up a home His busy days and years of toil bore fruit, anc hv strict integrity and economy Mr. King ac quired considerable property, though starting in life with nothing but nature's endowments Before the days of railroads he was a notee teamster and made frequent trips from Pitts burg to Cleveland and from Cleveland to th( mouth of the Huron river, usually driving si.- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 739 horses. At one time he made a trip from Pitts- Ijurg to Erie, l-'enns}-lvania, for which he re- ceived seventy-live dollars. But such was the condition of the roads at that time that the en- tire amount except two ilollars and sixty cents was reciiiired to pay necessary expenses of the journey. The life of a teamster in those days was one of hardships, and none but the most vigorous could long- endure it. in 1842 ^Ir. King \\as elected a captain of the niil- tia, and lield tlie office until the company dis- bandeil. Jonathan King was the father of ten chil- dren, four of whom died in infancy and youth. The remaining six are as follows : David, who married Miss Mary Smith and resides in Ber- lin : Catherine, married (ieorge Kail, mo\'ed to ^Michigan, where she died ; Joseph married ^liss Lucinda Greenmayer, and resides in Ber- lin on the farm upon which his father first set- tled ; Susannah married J. B. Shively, an.d re- sides in Berlin; Sar^h married R. B. Engle; ifannah married the late J. B. Hughes (who serxed two terms as auditor of Mahoning county), and resides in "^'oimgstown. Mrs. King was born i\ugust 13, 1806, in Lehigh county, Pennsylvania, and moved with her parents to Springfield township, Mahoning county, Ohio, in 1808. She died February 22, 1875. Mr, King departing this life in i8q6 at the age of ninety-two. In religion, Mr. King was a firm adherent to the Protestant faith and of deep conviction, zealous in good works and liberal in his contri- butions to the cause of Christ, he and his wife being lifelong members of the Evangelical Lu- theran church. Politically he stood with the Democratic party until the atolitionists put a ticket in the field, when he changed his allegi- ance to that party, voting for John P. Hall for President. After the organization of the Re- publican party, he voted with it until 18S1, when his strong temperance principles com- pelled him to cast his ballot for the Prohibi- tion candidates. ]\Ir. King was one of the most .social and agreeable of men. His cheer- ful disposition and his sterling worth made him a favorite among the old and young and his death was deepl}' lamented by a large cir- cle of friends. The King family possesses considerable na- tive ingenuity and skill in the use of tools. Jonathan King was ciuite proficient in black- smithing, carpentry, etc. The manufacturers of threshing machines are indebted to David King for many timely suggestions and im- provements in grain separators and clover hullers. Joseph King has also been the pro- prietor of a, threshing machine for a number of years, operating one at the present time, with steam as the motive power. David and his son, Mervin \V., are the proprietors of a steam saw-mill, which is doing an extensive business. David also owned a half interest in a planing-mill in the eastern part of the town- ship, known as the Kimmel & King mill, which also had a large and lucratix'e patronage. Hon- esty and sobriety characterize the entire family, and. all of them have been noted for industry and energy displayed in their respective voca- tions. David King, oldest son of Jonathan King, was born at Springfield, Mahoning county, Ohio, in the year 1825. He remained at home until reaching the years of young manhood and in his youth learned blacksmithing under his father, who was a skilled mechanic. On at- taining his majority he turned his attention to agricultiu'e, whicli, in connection with his trade, he followed until retiring from active life at a comparatively recent date. In early life he purchased a threshing outfit which he operated C[uite successfully, and he followed this line of work altogether about fifty-seven years, being the oldest thresher in the state when he discontinued the busines^s, some years 740 OLD LANDMARKS ago. By strict attention to his several voca- tions and successful management, Mr. King acquired considerable property, both real and personal, and after accumulating a competence for his declining years, he removed to Damas- cus, where he is now living in honorable re- tirement, greatly belo\-ed by his relatives and friends and highly esteemed by all who know him. The maiden name of Mrs. David King- was Mary Smith ; she was born in Ohio and was the mother of si.x children, of whom the following are living: Mervin \V., a mill own- er at Berlin Center; Frank M., a practicing physician of Damascus; Ida, who married Clarence Cover and lives at Berlin Center, and Dr. George L. King, of Alliance. The polit- ical faith of Mr. King is represented by the Republican party, and since early manhood he has manifested a lively interest in public af- fairs, voting his principles at all times, defend- ing the soundness of his opinions without fear or favor, but never asking for office nor aspir- ing to leadership. George Lincoln King, Ph. M., .M. D. — The name of George L. King is not only familiar to the people of Alliance, but by reason of his eminence as a specialist it is also well known in medical circles tliroughout the state. No other man in eastern Ohio has advanced more rapidly towanl the goal of success, nor have any contributed in a greater degree to honor and dignify the calling to which his well developed intellectual powers and critical pro- fessional training are being devoted. Dr. King is a native of Mahoning county, Ohio, and the son of David and Mary King. He was bnrn March zj, 1865, in Berlin Center, and re- ceived his preliminary education in the public schools of that town, subsequently pursuing his studies in INlt. CuIdu Ccillege, from which institutit)n he was graduatetl in the philosoph- ical course with the class of 1890. Mean- time at the age of nineteen he began teaching in the schools of his native county and followed this line of work for several years, thus paying his way through college with money earnec during his vacations. In 1892 he entered Cleveland Medical Col- lege, where he prosecuted his professional stud- ies with earnestness until completing the pre- scribed course in 1895, being a special student under Prof. B. B. Viets, making the eye anc ear a specialty and having practical charge ol the clinical Axork on those organs during hif last year's attendance. Dr. King's experience as a medical student was characterized by close study and critical research. He was far more anxious to acquire knowledge than to display the same and availed himself of every oppor- tunity to acquire proficiency in the specia' branches of the profession which were ulti- mately to gain him distinction. In addition tc his high standing as a student, he also achie\-e(: the reputation of being one of the most skillec operators in the college during the period ol his attendance and few if any excelled hi; record. On receiving his degree the Doctor locatec' in Alliance and found himself at the beginning of his career witli no competition in his special line of treatment. Plis skill as an eye and ear specialist soon won him recognition and it wa? not long until his name became widely known throughout this part of the C(^uiUry rmd hi; cases rapidly multiplied. Soon after beginning a successful practice, during which the neces- sity for more thorough professional training impressed itself upon his mind, the Doctor in 1895 took a post-graduate course in the Post- Graduate School for the Eye and Ear in Xew York city, and two years later took a second course in the same institution, thus leaving nothing undone in the way of thorough prep- aration for his life work. Dr. King- has a large and lucrative practice and with no opposition worthy of mention, his advancement, as al- ready indicated, lias been encouraging and he is now recognized as the leading specialist in CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 741 Alliance and one of the most successful in this section of the state. While primarily de\-oted to his profession, the Doctor has also been a participant in pub- lic affairs, being at this time president of the city school board. In this capacity he has been especially active in his efforts to pro\ide the public with a new library, to which end he made a motion before the school board to the effect that a committee of six be appointed to secure, if possible, Andrew Carnegie's financial support for the enterprise. In due time this was accomplished, Mr. Carnegie agreeing to donate twenty-five thousand dollars on the con- dition that the city enter into an obligation to maintain the library by an annual expenditure ■of two thousand five hundred dollars. Dr. King is an active and enthusiastic member of tlie Alliance board of trade. Tn politics Dr. King is a zealous supporter of the Republican part}-, and in religion sub- scribes to the Methodist creed, being a con- sistent communicant of the church of that de- nomination in Alliance and a member of its board of trustees. His fraternal relations are re])resented by the Alpha Tau Omega frater- nity, a social and literary organization under the auspices of Mt. Union College, composed of students and ex-students of that institution. Dr. King married, on December 30, 1895, Myra Mitchell Stone, daughter of Levi and Phoebe Stone, of Mt. Vernon, Ohio. Of this union there are two children living', George Lincoln, Jr., born March 23, 1900, and Phoebe Mitchell, born May 9. 1902, It is worthy of mention in this connection that in all critical or delicate operations ]\Trs. King is the Doctor's actiA'e and able assistant, she has de- veloped marvelous skill in this direction and Dr. King depends on no one else for assistance when the operation is of sufficient moment. They have a very beautiful honif on Alliance's best residence street, at 749 South Lhiion aA-enue. BENJAMIN A. ESTEP.— One of the well known and highly honored citizens of Stark county, where he passed practically his entire life, was the late Benjamin Anderson Estep, who died on the 7th of August, 1882. He was born in Columbiana county, Ohio, be- ing a son of Henry and Abigail (Anderson) Estep, the latter of whom was a native of Ire- land, whence she came to America when young, being accompanied by two sisters, one of whom died en route and was buried at sea. Henry Estep was engaged in the tanning business for a number of years, and his son Benjamin learned the trade under his direction, having received a common-school education in New Franklin, Stark county, and Winchester, Co- lumbiana county, Ohio, in each of which places his parents had resided, having taken up their abode in this section of the Buckeye state in the pioneer epoch and having here passed the re- mainder of their lives. Later in his career Benjamin A. Estep was employed as a carriage painter, by his brother Isaiah, who conducted a carriage shop in the village of Paris, this coun- ty, and who died in California in the year 1900. Another brother, Ephraim J., was a prominent attorney of the city of Cleveland for many years, being also well known in Canton and vicinity, and he likewise died in California, aJTOut five years ago. About the year i860 Benjamin A. Estep entered the employ of his father-in-law, Rudol- phus Martin, who was engaged in the dry goods business at Paris, Stark county, and with him he continued to be associated for a num- ber of years, after which he assumed the posi- tion of tra\eling salesman for the ^Martin Bros, (his brothers-in-law), and later on purchased the business, devoting his attention to this line of work until his death, which occurred on the 7th of August, 1882, as has been already noted. In politics he gave a stanch allegiance to the Democratic party, and fraternally he was iden- tified with the Free and Accepted Masons, hav- 742 OLD LANDMARKS ing originally affiliated with Brown Lodge, in Minerva, this county, and later becoming a niemlicr of Eagle Lodge, in Canton. Though never imbued with political ambition in a per- sonal way, he yielded to the importunities of his party friends and became candidate for the office of clerk of Paris township, being elected and serving with marked ability and discrimi- nation. On the 6th of January, 1857, !Mr. Estep was united in marriage to ]\Iiss Amanda H. ]\Iartin, who was born in Xavarre, Stark coun- ty, Ohio, and who was reared and educated in the village of Paris, this county, being a daugh- ter of Rudolphus Martin, who \\as one of the honiired ])ioneers and representative business men of that place, where his death occurred. ]\[r. and ^Irs. Estep became the parents of five children, concerning whom we enter brief rec- ord, as follows: }ilaude E. is the wife of Ar- bine C. Heiner, of Canton, and they have two sons, Ernest.' who married Miss Marie Gkoddy, and James M. Blanche, who l)ecame the wife of Julian King, of Canton, died in this city in 1895, leaving one child, Bernice. who is now the wife of Walter A. Albaugh, of Canton. ]Mabel died in infancy. \\'illiam died in 1898. in Canton, at the age of thirty yeans. George Dwight still retains his residence in Canton. OLIVER P. TRAXSUE, general man- ager of one of the leading industrial enterprises of the city of Alliance, — that conducted un- der the corporate title of the Transue & \Y\\\- iams Company, is a native of the city in which he now maintains his home, having been born on the loth of December, 1865, and being the second in order of birth of the four children of Frank and Amanda (Aultman) Transue, the other three children lieing as follows : Minnie, who is the wife of Frank Kingsljurv, an em- ploye of the company mentioned above: Charles R., who is foreman in the establishment of this company ; and William, who is a skilled me- chanic in the same. Frank Transue was born in Xorth Benton. Mahoning ci;)unt}-. Ohio, on the 17th of June, 1842, being of French and German lineage. A\dien he was a boy his parents remo\'ed to Alliance, and here he was reared to manhood, learning the trade of machinist in the Xixon works, and later entering the shops of the Xew York, Pennsylvania & Ohio Railroad at Kent. Ohio, where he was employed for some time, after which he was employed for a period in Oil City, Pennsylvania, in the center of the oil regions of that state. He then returned to Alliance, where his m;u"riage was solemnized shortlv afterward, and here he engaged in busi- ness on his own responsibility, associating him- self with Jonathan Craft, under the firm name of Craft (!t Conrpany. They engaged in the manufacture of threshing-machine teeth, and Mr. Transue was general manager of the lousi- ness. Later Mr. Craft disposed of his interest in the enterprise, lieing succeeded ]i_\' Dr. .\rm- strong, while the firm title was now changed ti> Transue iK- Armstrong. Shortly after the new alliance was formed the firm augmented the scope of the enterprise, doing a general drop- forging business, which continued to increase in extent and importance under the eft'ecti\-e management brought to bear. In 1889 the firm sold the business to the Whitman-lvirnes Company, of Canton, and for a numljer of years thereafter the father of our subject lived practicaliv retired from active business, finally identifying himself with the company of which the subject of this sketch is general manager and being at the present time president of the company. In politics he gi\-es a stanch allegi- ance to the Republican party and he and his wife are communicants of the Methodist church, in which faith they reared their chil- dren. Oliver F. Transue was reared to maturity in his native citv of Alliance, wdiere he re- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 743 cei\ecl hi? educational discipline in the public schools, completing- a course in the local high school. At the age of sixteen years he entered upon an apprenticeship as a niacliinist in tlie sliops of the firm of which his father was a member, and there he learned the business in all its details, becoming an expert workman and also gaining a comprehensive knowledge of the executive functions of the enteiprise. In i8S6 he was tendered a position in the shops of the Wliitman-P.arnes Company, of Canton, as general superintendent, and this offer he ac- cepted. He was incumbent of this responsible office in the autumn of 1893, at which time the companv remo\'ed its business to Akron. OhiiK whither he \yent in the same capacity as before, and he there remained as general superintend- ent of the ne\v plant until the latter part of the year i8a]itist church, in which he served as deacon for many years, his wife likewise having been a member of the cluu-ch and prominently concerned in its work up to the time of her demise, which occurred on the 31st of December, 1850. Subsequently be consummated a second marriage, being united to ]\Trs. Rebecca J. Fogg, whose maiden name was Barnes, and they became the parents of one son, Henry B., who is now a resident of the city of Danville, Illinois. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 745 Albert i\ Ellett was reared to maturity on the old homestead farm on which he was born and which is now his place of residence, while his educational privileges were those offered by the public schools of the locality and period. On his twenty-first birthday anniversary he de- parted with his father for New Jersey, with a carload of horses, and upon arriving in the state in which his ancestors had settled so many years ago, he hired out to a farmer of Salem county and there remained one year, at the expiration of which he returned to his home in Stark county, and shortly afterward again re- turned to the east with another carload of horses, his father accompanying him, while this was the last shipment ever made by the latter. After his return home the subject re- mained on the home farm for one season, and thereafter was employed for six months on the construction of the East-end division of the Pittsburg & Fort Wayne Railroad. He then became associated with his brother Samuel in the meat-market business in tlie city of Alli- ance, being identified with this enterprise about two years, while for a short period thereafter he was in the employ of W. M. Reed, a dealer in agricultural implements in that city. On the 19th of October, 1882, Mr. Ellett was nnited in marriage to Miss Clara TT. San- tee, who was born in Mahoning county, Ohio, being a daughter of William M. Santee, a prominent farmer near Snode Station, that county, and shortly after this important event in his career Mr. Ellett removed to the old home farm, of which he had the practical supervision n]> to the time of his father's death, after A\hich he rented the property from the administrators for two years and then pur- chased the place. Here he has since been most successfully engaged in general agricultural pursuits and the raising of a considerable amount of excellent live-stock, while he is recognized as one of the progressive and scientific farmers of the countv and as a man whose word is as good as his bond, while no citizen in the community is accorded a greater measure of popular confidence and regard. Tn politics he has ever been a radical Re- publican and has taken a deep interest in the party cause. In 1897 he was elected township trustee, of which ofifice he was incumbent for three years, while his name has been promi- nently mentioned in connection with the office of countv comnfissioner, in which his interposi- tion could not prove other than of value to local interests. He and his wife hold member- ship in the Baptist chvuxh, and fraternally he is identified with the Royal Arcanum, holding membership in \'i\-ian Council No. 349, at Alliance. . To Air. and Mrs. Ellett were born foiu' children, and the three surviving still re- main at the parental home. The names of the children are here entered in the order of their birth: Eucius C., Ralph E. (deceased), (ilcnn \V. and Olive R. J1-:SSE W. TEETERS.— Elisha Teeters. father of Jesse \V., and for many years a lead- ing business man. successful financier and ]irom!nent citizen of Alliance, was born in Co- lumbiana county, Ohio, in the year 1814, the son of John and Mary (Cook) Teeters. He grew up on the home farm and in addition to tilling the soil assisted, when a young man, to run a coal bank which his father owned and operated. He followed the latter line of work for a number of years, and it fell to him to market the greater part of the output of the mine, wliicli he clid ])y means of wagons and oxen, frec|uently drixing as many as five yoke of oxen to each load of coal. In 1S35 Elisha Teeters married Miss Eliza Webb, and a little later moved to a quarter section of land in Lex- ington township. Stark county, which was pur- chased by his father from the government in 1826. When Mr. Teeters set up his domestic establisliment on this place there was but one 746 OLD LANDMARKS acre of the one Imndred and sixty cleared, and he immecUately hent all of his energies to the improvements of the rest, a task which was accomplished in due time, after much hard work and the expenditure of a great deal of physical force. ^Meanwhile he purchased ad- ditional land to the amount of thirty-two acres and hy industry, thrift and good management becanie one of the leading farmers of his town- ship, which reputation he sustained as long as he gave personal attention to agricultural pur- suits. After living on the original homestead until 1866. he removed to a place of eighty- four acres adjoining the limits of Alliance on the mirth, wliere he lived for a numljer of years, finally changing his residence to the brick dwelling east of the cemetery, which he made his home until his death, on the 17th day of June, 1899. Elisha Teeters was the real founder of Alliance, as it was by him that the original plat of the city was made in 1851 on part of an eighty-acre tract of land south of the Pennsylvania <& Fort Wayne Railroad, and extending from what is now Union avenue to Liberty street. Through his influence and ma- terial aid a nuniber of improvements were in- augurated and carried to successful comple- tion, and he also tcwk a prominent part in es- tablishing and maintaining several public insti- tutions, including among others the First Na- tional Bank, in which he was a heavy stock- holder and director and with which he contin- ued identified until his death. It is needless to dwell at large u])on the active business life of Elisha Teeters or to attempt to estimate his influence u]ion the material prosperity of the city and ciminuinity. in which he was for so many years a potential factor, as the limits of an article of this character forbid more than a passing reference. .Vt otie time Mr. Teeters met with se\'ere business reverses, but later he re- covered from his financial embarrassment, re- trieved his fortune and died a wealthy man. For a number of years he served as trustee of the Fairmount Children's Home, having been one of the first men appointed to that important position, and he held it as long as he lived, discharging his duties ably and conscientiously and proving one of the Ijest friends and most useful oflicials the institution ever had. The family of Elisha and Eliza Teeters consisted of ten children, the following of whoin are living: Jesse W., of this review; Rachael, widow of James .Vmerman. of Alliance; Isaac, a resident of Oakley, Kansas; Rosa J., wife of C. C. Edson, of Kansas City, Missouri ; Charles R., of Goodland, Kansas; Laura E., now Mrs. \\'. K. Fogg, of Alliance; and Elisha P.. who lives in the city of Cleveland. Jesse ^^". Teeters was born on the old home- stead in Lexington township. Stark county, Ohio, June 5, 1836, and he spent his early life like the majority of country lads, working in the fields during- the springs, summer and early fall months and attending' the public schools of winter seasons. He was a youth of six- teen when his father mo\'ed lo .Mliance to look after business interests there, and from that time until his thirtieth year the management of the farm fell to him, and right nobly did he assume the responsibility and discharge his va- ried duties. He soon demonstrated unusual capacit}" as an agriculturist, adopted the most appro\-ed methods of tilling" the soil, and achieved not only an enviable reputation as an enterprising, progressi\-e man, but continu- ally added to his material means until becom- ing the possessor of a fortune sufliciently ample to render him financially independent. On June 28, 1866, .Mr. Teeters and ]\Iiss Addie Brosius. of Washington township, Stark county, daughter of the late Amos and Esther Brosius, were united in the bonds of wedlock, and shortly thereafter the subject purchased tlie old Teeters homesteafl in Lexington town- ship, where lie Ii\-ed and prospered until 1901, In October of the latter year he sold the farrn and removed to Alliance, where he owns a CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 747 beautiful home, in which he is Hving a hfe of retii-ement, having accumulated a suf^ciency of this world's goods to- make the remainder of his days free from the care and anxiety which be- set the lot of individuals less fortunate. Mr. and Mrs. Teeters are the parents of one child, a daughter by the name of Mabel, who is now the wife of Lbka h. Lamborn, a newspaper man of Alliance, holding the position of man- ager of the Alliance Leader Publishing Com- pany. ^Ir. Teeters' interest in the public affairs of his city and county has been long and marked and at dilTerent times he has been called to positions of honor and trust, in all of which he demonstrated not only resourceful business ca- pacity, but a conscientious fidelity to duty that won the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens. He served several, terms as assessor of Lexington township, and for a number of years was a member of the agricultural board of Stark county, a position to which he was but recently re-elected, and for which his long and successful experience peculiarly fit him. Like all good citizens with the best interest of the community, state and nation at heart, Mr. Teeters is a politician, not in the narrow, re- stricted sense in which the term is generally understood, but in tb.e large sense of discharg- ing his obligations to the body politic as an in- telligent member thereof. He is a Democrat, in all the word implies, and while warm and en- thusiastic for his party's success and an able adviser in its councils and a zealous worker, he is not Ijitterly partisan nor offensive in his po- litical methods. In the fall of 1902 he was nominated for the oftice of county commis- sioner, but by reason of the overwhelming- ma- jority of the opposition in the district failed of ^ election, though running two thousand votes ahead of his ticket. On the death of his fa- ther Mr. Teeters was appointed to fill the lat- ter's unexpired term on the Ixjard of trustees of the Fairmount Children's Home, and he still holds the position to the satisfaction of all con- cerned. He is a heavy stockholder in the City Savings Bank of Alliance, and his wife sustains the same relation to the First National Bank, considerable of the surplus means of the family being invested on these institutions. Mr. Teeters, with his faithful wife, belongs to the Christian church, in which he now holds the position of deacon, and he gives liberally of his means to support the congregation in Alliance, also contributes to the spread of the gospel in other parts of the country and in lands be- vond the seas. WTLLLAM MORGAN REED, cashier of the First National Bank of Alliance, and one of the best known and most infiuential finan- ciers in this section of the state, is a nati\-e of Columbiana county, Ohio, and the se\enth in a family of se\cn children, whose parents were William .and Rhoda (Barton) Reed. Will- iam Reed was born in New Jersey in 1797, the son of Noah Reed, whose ancestors were among the old and highly respected families of that ci ininii mwealth. h^.arlv in the nine- teerith centur}', about the year 1S05. Noah Reed migrated to eastern Ohio and ])ur- chased land near the present site of Salem, Co- lumbiana ci)unt\'. from which in due seaswn he developed a farm. He experienced the usual ^•icissitudcs and hardships of the pioneer pe- riod, spent his life as an honest, industrious filler of the soil, reared a family and died many A'ears ago where he originallv settled, leaving to his descendants an hcinorable name, which they have since worthily upheld. William Reed was a lad of eight years when his parents took u]) their residence in Ohio. He was reared i>n the homestead near Salem, and in early life ser\-ed an ai^prenticeshi]) at the shoe- maker's trade, which vocation he followed dur- ing the greater part of his active years, and he died in Columbiana county in 1865. By his 748 OLD LANDMARKS first wife, Rhoda Barton, who died in 1847, he had seven children, five of whom are Hving, namely: Ruth, who married Joseph Mc- Cauley, of Lima; Rebecca, now Mrs. C. K. Greiner, of Alliance; Aveline also lives in this city; Mar>', wife of D. Runnells, whose home is in Alliance; and William M., the subject ot this review. Some time after the death of the mother of these children Mr. Reed married Margaret Sharpnack, who survived him sev- eral years, the union being without issue. In his early life William Reed was a zealous Dem- ocrat, and he continued his allegiance to that political party until the birth of the Free-Soil party, when he gave his support to the latter organization. Still later he became a pro- nounced Republican, and continued as such the remainder of his days, always manifesting a lively interest in political affairs, but never aspiring to office. In religion he was a devout member of the Methodist church, and as a neighbor and citizen his life was singularly up- right and just. William Morgan Reed was born on the family homestead near Salem, Columbiana county, Jjinuary 6, 1836, and there remained until his sixteenth year, meantime enjoying the advantages of a public school education. When only, thirteen years old he entered the employ of a dry-goods merchant at Salem, and after spending three years in that town re- signed his place to accept a similar position in a mercantile establishment at North Benton, where he remained during the ensuing two and a half years. In 1855 Mr. Reed, with two other parties, engaged in the mercantile business at Belvidere, Mahoning county, the firm thus constituted be- ing known as M. W. Reed & Company, and it lasted until 1858, when the subject disposed of his interest and. returning to Benton, formed a partnership with Mr. Greiner, his former em- ployer, under the style of Greiner & Reed. This relationship continued until 1866, at which time Mr. Reed sold out and went to Phila- delphia, where he became associated with Mr. Caldwell in the general provision business, in connection with which the firm also conducted a fish market, which, like the other line of trade, commanded a large patronage. In the spring of the following year Mr. Reed severed his connection with the firm of Reed, Caldwell & Company, and, winding up his business in Philadelphia, came to Alliance, Ohio, where, in January, 1868, he purchased an interest in a warehouse which had previously been operated by Messrs. Nixin and Pettit, succeeding the former gentleman. After doing a successful grain business until the summer of 1869, the firm of Pettit & Reed ceased to exist, the latter buying out his partner and admitting his broth- er. Charles Reed, thus forming the firm of Reed Brothers, which lasted about six months. At the expiration of that time Mr. Pettit again became a member of the company which, under the name of Reed, Pettit & Reed, not only did a large and flourishing grain business, but also eng^aged quite extensively in the wholesale gro- cery Ifade. Charles Reed dying in March, 1870, the style of the company was again changed to Pettit & Reed, and as such contin- ued until the fall of that year, when Mr. Pettit withdrew, leaving the subject sole proprietor. W'ith this change terminated the wholesale branch of the business and during the seven- teen years following Mr. Reed devoted his at- tention exclusively to the interests of the ware- house, building up one of the largest and most successful grain trades in this part of the state. Upon the organization of the First National Bank of Alliance, in 1887, Mr. Reed was made a director of the institution, and in August fol- lowing, when Leroy D. Brown resigned as cashier, he succeeded to the latter position and has discharged the responsible and exacting duties of the same to the present time. Mr. Reed is familiar with every detail of banking, and is recognized as one of the ablest CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 749 tinanciers in eastern Ohio, being regai'ded as an authority upon all matters coming within his province. His career throughout has been eminenth' successful, and his influence in monetary and commercial circles has had much to do in shaping- and controlling business poli- cies in Alliance and giving the city its present high financial standing among the leading trade centers of the state. Mr. Reed's domestic relations are of the most pleasant and agreeable nature, being a married man and the father of two children, whose names are Mabel and Rhoda, both still members of the home circle. Mrs. Reed was formerly Miss Sarah A. Hartzell, the daugh- ter of the late James Hartzell, of North Benton. WILLIAM W. GILSON.— The Gilson family is an old one, its history in this country dating from the early annals of Pennsylvania and Ohio, in both of which commonwealths the name appears in connection with events and experiences of much more than ordinary import. Among the earliest pioneers O'f Co- lumbiana county, this state, was a man by the name of Gilson. who came from Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, and entered a section of land m what is now Knox township, for which he subsequently received a patent, bearing the signature of James Madison, fourth President of the LTnited States. Later he divided this land among his four sons, one of whom was Major Gilson, a gallant soldier of the war of 1 812 and a commissioned officer, as the title indicates. The Major took possession of his share of the land, improved it and bore an active part in the development of his locality, having Ijeen a man of considerable prominence and to no small degree a leader among his neighbors and fellow citizens. To him belongs the credit of erecting one of the first frame buildings in the county of Columbiana, and the structure attracted such wide attention that people came long distances to gaze upon the wonderful modern innovation. Major Gilson married and reared a family, among his chil- dren being a son of the name of Joseph, who was born on the original homestead in Knox township in the year 181 6. Reared amid the spare settlements of what was then the frontier, he grew up a strong, rugged man, with a capacity for nnich hard work and an inde- pendence of mind that made him not only re- sourceful, but in the main successful in all of his undertakings. He was strictly an agri- culturist, and took little part in public affairs further than to vote for the Democratic party, of wliich he was a stanch supporter, and to lend his influence to all worthy enterprises for the general welfare of his township and county. His father, the Major, was a zealous member of the Presbyterian church, the old church at the village of Homeworth having been estab- lished through his agency, and of this church Joseph afterwards became a leading member, serving it for many years in an official ca- pacity. In his young manhood Joseph Gilson mar- ried Miss Mary A. McLaughlin, whose Scotch- Irish ancestors came to America in the time of the colonies and settled in Pennsylvania. Several of the McLaughlins served with dis- tinction in colonial struggles for independence and Mrs. Gilson's grandfather was subsequent- ly killed while fighting the Indians near his home in Pennsylvania. Some time after his father's death Joseph Gilson purchased the old homestead of the heirs and spent the re- mainder of his life on the same. Of the chil- dren that originally constituted the family of Joseph and Mary A. Gilson only two survive, namely: The subject of this feview and Jen- nie G., now the wife of W. A. Curry, of Co- lumbiana county. William W. Gilson was born November 16, 1844, in Columbiana county, and there grew to 750 OLD LANDMARKS the years of nianhrxxl on the home farm, enjoy- ing meanwhile tlie advantages of tlie puhhc sch(.«jls. Finishing the common l)ranclies, he entered Mt. Union College, and after taking a course in that excellent institution he began his business career as a traxeling salesman lor agri- cultural implements for the rirm of Coates, Gra}- & Company, which he represented for several years on the road. Later he severed his connection with the aljo\-e and accepted a similar position with D. j\l. Osborn & Com- pany, manufacturers of agricultural machinery, remaining in the employ of the two firms for something like fifteen years, during which time lie traveled extensi\-ely over the United States, commanded a large trade and established a worthy reputation as salesman and enterpris- ing !)usiness man. Becoming weary of the road, Air. Gilson aljandcjued that line of lousiness and engaged in contracting at Alliance. On the organiza- tion of the City Savings Bank, in 1892, he was elected its cashier, and he has since filled the position with credit to himself and to the satis- faction of everybody connected with. the insti- tution, the meanwhile establishing a distin- guished reputation as a business man and finan- cier. Air. Gilson's career as a financier has been a continued success, and he is today not only one of the best known bankers of eastern Ohio, but his influence in monetary circles has made him an authority upon all matters relat- ing thereto. Air. Gilson is a married man and the father of four children, only one of whom survives, — Nita. now the wife of Harold C. Stratton, of Alliance. Mrs. Gilson, formerly Miss Mary AIcLeran, of Mt. Union, is a lady of beautiful character and refined tastes, popular in the so- cial circles of the city and a faithful member of the Presbyterian church. Air. Gilson also sub- scribes to the same religious creed, and since 1870 has been an elder in the church at Alli- ance. He is active in all lines of work under the auspices of the church, is also a liberal con- tributor to charitable institutions, religious and secular, and lends his influence to all agencies for the social and moral advancement of the community. In politics he is pronounced in his allegiance to the Democratic party, but he has never aspired to official position, preferring the active business life he leads and the title of private citizens to any honors within the power of the people to bestow. Ail enterprises looking to the material im- provement of the city of his residence find in Air. Gilson an earnest advocate and influential patron. He has been active in public aft'airs and at the present time is president of the board of water works trustees. His life has been busy, if not eventful, and his honorable career in the institution with which he is now identi- fied constitutes a high tribute to his character for integrity and financial responsiblty. EDWIN MORGAN, the fifth in order of birth of the six living children of the late and highly honored citizen of Alliance. Thomas R. Morgan, Sr., founder of the great industry of the Morgan Engineering Company, was born in the city of Alliance, Stark county, Ohio, on the 30th of Alarch, 1872, and his educational discipline was secured in the public schools of his native city, the Peekskill Alilitary Academy, at Peekskill, New York, and the University of Liege, Belgium. At the age of sixteen years he became identified with the works of the Alorgan Engineering Company, in which he passed a portion of his time for the ensuing two years, a\ hile thereafter he devoted his en- tire attention to acting as assistant tO' his fa- ther, and he continued in this capacity until the time of the latter's death, in 1897. Two years later the subject severed his active connection with the company, though he retains a financial inferest in the great corporation whose magnifi- cent success is due to the efforts of his talented CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 751 and distinguished lather. He is one of the pmminent and popular young- men of Alhance, and takes a deep interest in all that tends to conserve its welfare, having served as a mem- ber of the city council, in which connection he rendered most effective service, and he is also president of the board of puljlic safety. In politics he accords a stanch allegiance to the Repubhcan party, in whose local contin- gent he is known as an active and zealous worker, and is now a member of the county executive committee. He is an admirer of good horses, and has a carriage team which holds a matinee recortl of 2 :20. Fraternally ]Mr. r^Iorgan is identified with Alliance Lodge Xo. 467, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and Lone Rock Lodge No. 23, Knights of Pythias, while he is also a member of the L'lii formed rank of the latter order, being affili- ated with Yellow Cross Commandery No. 85. Lie further extends his fraternal relations by holding membership in Court of Alliance No. 1 5 16, Independent Order of Foresters. He is captain and commissary of the Eighth Regi- ment. Ohio National Guard, being a member of Col. Edward Vallrath's staff, and he is also adjutant of the Eighth Regiment, Uniformed Rank Knights of Pythias, on the staff of Col- onel Shew. On the 9th of September, 1893, Mr. Mor- gan was united in marriage tO' Miss Flora Knowles, a daughter of Oliver H. and Mar- garet (Battershell ) Knowles, of Alliance, her father being a prominent carriage manufactur- er of the city. Mr. and Mrs. Morgan have one child, Oliver K., who was born on the 25th of August, 1894. HENRY W. WERTS.— As the name in- dicates, the subject was of German descent, but at what period the family was first repre- sented in America is not known, though it must have been at quite an early period, in the time of the colonies. From the most reliable in- formation at hand, his ancestors, on coming to this country, appear to have settled in Penn- sylvania, m various parts of which state the name W'erts is still familiar, all bearing it ha\- ing undoubtedly sprung fnim the same parental stock. Jacob Werts, father of Henry W'., was born in Mercer county, Pennsylvania, and, like his ancestors for several generations, obtained a livelihood by tilling the soil. He married in his native state Miss Mary Wagner, and a number of years ago moved his family to W'adsworth, Ohio, where he spent the remain- der of his days, his wife dying shortlv after his demise, in Bronsoii, Michigan. Henry W. Werts was bom March 29, 1832, in Mercer county, Pennsylvania, and when a bo}' remo^•ed with his parents to \Vadsworth. Ohio, near w hich place he lived on a farm until a youth of eighteen. Leaving home, he went to Akron, where he learned carriage making with C. A. Collins, a well-known manufacturer of that city, and after becoming an efficient workman followed his trade at dift'erent places until his removal to Canton, in the year 1859. On coming to this city he established a shop of his own. and in due time achieved an enviable reputation as a tuanufacturer of the well-known carriages that bore his name, the Werts ve- hicles in a few years taking precedence of any other make on the markets of eastern Ohio. Later they became widely known throug^hout this and other states, and the demand for them grew to such an extent that' Mr. \\'erts was obliged to enlarge the capacity of his establish- ment and greatly increase his force of workmen in order to meet the same. By reason of the high grade of his vehicles his financial success was most encouraging- and within a compara- ti\'eh- few years his sales had so augumented as to make him financially indei>endent. He continued to operate his works, however, until 1884. when he disposed of the business and with an ample fortune retired to private life to 7S2 OLD LANDMARKS spend the remainder of his days in the enjoy- ment of the fruits of his toil and thrift. As a manufacturer Mr. Werts easily ranked with the most enterprising and progressive of his contemporaries, and to him as much as to any one man is due the credit of establishing for Canton the high reputation it has since sus- tained as an important industrial center. Mr. Werts, on the 6th day of December, 1859, was married, in the city of Akron, to Miss Frank A. Mason, whose father. Elijah Mason, a native of Lebanon. Connecticut, came west when a yovuig man and settled at Hudson, Ohio, where he established a newspaper of which, for a number of years, he was editor and proprietor. Subsequently he remo\-ed to Akron (then Middleburg) and became promi- nently identified with the city's interests, taking an ?vctive part in its material development and serving a series of years as- justice of the peace and postmaster, besides filling other positions of trust and profit. The maiden name of Mrs. Elijah Mason was Charlotte Gillett, a native of Wolcottville, Connecticut, of which city her uncle was the original settler and founder. The Gilletts were among the oldest families of Connecticut, the name appearing in the early annals of the colony, and for many years after the war for independence it was a household \\ord in many parts of the state, many bearing it having risen to important public statum in their respective locations. Col. James Mason, father of Elijah, was a native of England; he came to America in the time of the colonies, settled in New England, and when the Revo- lutionary war broke out joined the American army and bore a distinguished part in the strug- gle until independence was achieved, having held a- colonel's commission in a Connecticut reginient. Of the domestic life of Mr. and Mrs. Werts little need be said, for fear of trespassing upon sacred ground, but suffice it to say that their relations were ever mutually agreeable and that their pleasant home, at No. 112 North Market street, was the abode of a free-handed, open- hearted hospitality which made it a favorite resort for the best society circles of the city. ^Ir. Werts was essentially the architect of his own fortunes, and few men of his day were as widely known and as sincerely respected, and in his death, which occurred at the family resi- dence on the 5th day of May. 1891, the city lost one of its most enterprising and public- spiriteel citizens, and to those who knew him a friend whose loyalty was never questioned, whose character stood above reproach and whose life, measured by the true standard of excellence, was fraught with substantial good and laroe l:)enefits to his kind. JOHN C. ALLEN.— The death of the subject of this memoir, on the 8th of October, T890, deprived the city of Canton of one of its representative and honored citizens and able and progressive business men, — one of dis- tinctive individuality and gracious personality and one who made his life a power for good, ever standing "four square to every wind that blow.-." ?^lr. Allen was born on the old home- stead farm of his maternal grandfather, in Jackson township, this county, and on the Ful- ton road, the date of his nativity having Ijeen December 2^, 1848, while he was a son of Ira M. and Ella O. (Graham) Allen, the former of whom was born in the state of New York and the latter in Bedford county. Pennsyhania. her father having been one of the early pioneers of Stark county. L'a ^L Allen was a man of fine scholastic attainments and was for many years a successful teacher in the public schools of Stark county, having been principal of the Can- ton schools at the time of the birth of the sub- ject. He died in the city of Canton in 1S97. and his widow still maintains her home here, having attained the venerable age of ninety- seven years. They became the parents of five CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 753 children, of whom two are hving at the present time. John C. Allen received his early educational discipline in the public schools of Alassillon, this county. At the age of sixteen years he secured a position in the manufactory of the Russell Company, in Massillon, becoming their salesman in Des Moines, Iowa. After about a year he returned and became their shipping- clerk and bookkeeper, and he there remained until his father was elected county treasurer, when he became his clerk. He then became a student in the law office of the firm of Lynch & Day, in Canton, continuing his technical read- ing one year and in the meanwhile deciding that a business career could be more to his liking than that involved in the practice of the law. He accordingly purchased an interest in the Canton Wrought Iron Bridge Company, in whose interests he served as traveling repre- sentative until 1876, in August of which year was solemnized his marriage. After, withdraw- ing from the bridge company he liecame inter- ested in coal-mining enterprises and also estab- lished himself in the insurance business in Can- ton, representing the Equitable Life and other important and leading life and fire insurance companies, while he became one of the most successful and prominent underwriters in this section of the state, building up a large and im- portant business, while he also had various capitalistic interests, being a stockholder in the Kenton and Warwick stone quarries. These varied associations placed full demands upon his time and attention until his death, in 1890, and he gained prestige as one of the able, alert ancl progressive business men of the county, having indefatigable energy and marked ini- tiative powers. He was a man of magnetic personahty, was widelv read and a vigorous and original thinker, having definite opinions and convictions and being ever ready to defend the same, while he a\ as a pleasing and entertaining conversationalist and possessed of the most at- 47 tracti\'e social qualities, his friends being d are noted for their enterprise, thrift and probity. The ]ia- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 761 ternal grandfather of Henry N. Firestone was Henry Firestone, a native of Colnmbiana coun- ty, Ohio, who, some seventy years ago, located upon the farm now owned and occupied by his grandson. He cleared and improved the place and cultivated it up to the time of his death, being fifty-six years of age when he died. Those who knew him describe him as an intel- lectual, honest, sagacious man, who took special pride in his family and never wearied of doing all in his power to advance the interests of the community of which he was an important part. Henry N. Firestone was reared upon the ancestral homestead, which lie now owns and occupies. His early life differed little from that of other boys of the period, except, per- haps, that he was much more studious and am- bitious than the average of his age. He was e.specially solicitous regarding the cultivation and. development of his mind and was earnest in all of his studies. He attended the public schools and mastered all of the branches taught in those institutions of learning before he had attained the age of sixteen years. He then attended the Dennison University at Gran^■ille. Ohio, for two years and later took a business course at the Capital City Commercial College of Columbus, Ohio. So well did he improve his time and talents in each of these institutions that his preceptors admitted that few youths had passed under their care better equipped to engage in the battle of life than Henry X. Firestone. On January 28, 1892, Mr. Firestone was united in marriage, at the home of the bride's parents in Plain township, to Miss Cora Smith, one of the most worthy, estimable and accom- plished young ladies in that part of Stark coun- ty. Her parents were I\Ir. and Mrs. H. M. Smith, who have resided in Stark county a number of years, though Mrs. Firestone is a native of Bethalta, Illinois, After marriage ^Ir, and Mrs. Firestone established themseh-es at housekeeping on the old home place. They are the parents of three children, viz : Leto M., Jliram H. N. and Alaxine M., who are all handsome, well formed, intelligent children and give promise of adding new luster to the worthy name they bear. Politically Mr. Firestone is a Republican, active and energetic in the interests of the party. His zeal is due not to any personal ambition to become an ofiicial, but Ijecause he believes in good government and considers a Republican administration more conducive to it than any other. The only taste of official life he ever had was one term in the office of township as- sessor. He is a member of Middlebranch Tent No. 383. Knights of the INTaccabees, and of the Junior Order of United American Mechanics. One does not expect to find anything par- ticularly note\\'orthy in the career of a young man, thirty-six years of age, who was born on a farm and has resided upon the same place all his life: but the exemplary life led by the sub- ject of this sketch from his birth to the present time, the active, progressive career of his fa- tlier and his grandfather, the prominence of the family and of the families to which he is re- lated, entitle h.im to definite consideration in a work of this kind. Aside from this, his own native virtues commend him to public notice. An ol)edient son to his parents during their life lime, he is now a true husband, an indul- gent parent, an enterprising citizen and a man of real manly merit in every walk of life. Mr. Firestone has acquired a splendid reputation as a dairyman, his butter being considered the ne plus ultra in that line. He has had many noted patrons, ha\ing furnished butter to Will- iam McKinley while the latter was governor of Ohio and also during his residence in the White House at Washington. Among Mr. Firestone's present patrons are Mrs. McKinley, Justice Day and many other prominent citizens of' Can- ton and A'icinitv. 762 OLD LANDMARKS MATTHE\V CALDWELL was born in the family home in James street, in the city of Dubhn, Ireland, in December. 1826, being a son of John and Catherine Caldweh. John Caldwell was born in county Rosconnnon, Ire- land, and learned the trade of shoemaker and also that of tailor. After his marriage he re- nvned to the city of Dublin, where he con- tinued* to follow his trade until his death, whicli occurred about the year 1847. 'i'* wife also passing- away in that city. Both were devoted communicants of the Roman Catholic church, in whose faith they carefully reared their children, the mother having entered into eternal rest while the subject of this sketch \\as an infant. They were the parents of four children, and of the number the subject is now the only survivor. His sister Ann, the wife of \\'i]liam Bmwn, came with her huslxnul and our subject to America, and ]\Ir. and Mrs. Brown passed the remainder of their lives in Troy, New York. Two of their sons, David, who died in the cit\- of Albany, Xew York, and another one, who resides in Amsterdam, that state, became priests of the Catholic church. The subject of this sketch received his educational discipline in the parochial anil city schools of Dublin, and there he learned the shoemaking trade, in which he ser\'ed the seven years' apprenticeship which was then custo- mary, becoming- a thoroughly skilled workman. He continued to follow his trade in his native city until ]84(), when, in company with his sister and her husband, he embarked in Dublin, on the TOth of August, on the sailing sbi]-) "Catherine," which did not drop anchor in the port of New York city mitil thirty-three days later. On the voyage cholera broke out on board the ^•essel, and thirty-three persons succumbed to its ra\-ages. one entire familv being thus wijied out. After his arrival in New York city i\Ir. CaKlwell accompanied his sister and her husband to Trov, that stat'*^ where he worked at his trade for one year, within which time he was united in marriage to Miss Mary Brown. About this time V. R. Kimball, a tanner and shoemaker in Canton. advertised for three bootmakers, and ]\Ir. Caldwell learned of this opening through a for- mer employer in Troy, and this led to his com- ing to Canton, where he remained in the em- ploy of ]\Ir. Kimball for about eight years, after which he continued in the employ of Thomas Murray, a former foreman of ^Ir. Kimball, for about the same length of time, and thereafter he worked for Joseph Richards. About the year 1852 Mr. Caldwell purchased a plat of land, sixty-six b}' two Inmdred feet in dimensions, extending from Cleveland avenue back to Court street, and here he established a small shop, fronting on the former thoroughfare, where he began busi- ness on his own responsibility. He later moved the shop back on to Court street, and here he has ever since continued to be engaged in the work of his trade, except for a brief interval during the panic of 1873, when he was em- ployed in the Cleveland shops of the firm of Savage & Stearns, of Cleveland. INlr. Cald- well has controlled a representati\'e patronage from the start, and he is known and honored by the leading people of Canton, many of whom have been his patrons for years, while he is known as a man of unimpeachible integ- rity and marked intellectual acumen. Though advanced in vears he retains remarkable plivsical and mental vigor and his genial and kindly face is greeted with distinctive pleasure by his hosts of friends in the city and county in which he has made his home for so man}- years. .\!ioul 18S8 he erected his present comfortable and attractive residence on the lot purchased in i8:;2. the building facing Cleve- land avenue and being most eligibly located. In ])olitics ^{v. Caldwell is a stanch advocate of the principles of the Democratic party, in whose support he lias been arrayed from the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 763 time of becoming' a naturalized citizen, liaving cast his first presidential vote for Stephen A. Douglas. He is a zealous and valued member of St. John's church, Roman Catholic, as is also his cherished and devoted wife, who has been to him a true companion and helpmeet. To them have been born six children, namely : Arthur, who is now a resident of the state of Texas ; Johanna, who remains at the parental home, as does also Katy; William D., who is a representati\e business man of Canton, where he is engaged in the dry-goods business, and v,ho married "Miss Ola E. Ellison; and Annie, who remains with her parents. HERIMAN F. RENZ was born in the kingriom of W'urtemberg, Germany, on the 6th of Noveml)er, 1867, the name which he bears having been identified with the history of that section of the empire for many generations. His parents, Louis and Caroline (Sitzler) Renz, were both born and reared in Wurtem- berg, where their marriage was solemnized and where nine of their children were born. The father serx-ed in the German army during' the period prescribed by governmental regulations. Becoming convinced that in the United States lietter opportunities would lie afforded his chil- dren for the rUtaining ut success in life, in 1872 he and bis devoted wife severed the ties which Ijound them to home and fatherland and emi- grated to America, whither bad pre\'iouslv come their daughter Caroline, in company with her husband, Joseph Meyers. The family ar- rived in due course of time in the city of New York and thence came westward to Ohio, lo- cating in the city of Cleveland, where the father of our subject secured employment at his trade, that of carriage blacksmith, and in the Forest City of Ohio he C(^ntinued to re- side until bis death, which occurred on the ist of ^Jay, 1872. at which time he was fifty-six years of age. His wife entered into eternal rest on the 2d of March, 1887, at the age of sixty-six years. Of their ten children, eight are living at the present time and all are well established in life. In politics Mr. Renz was a stanch Republican from the time of becoming a naturalized citizen, and both he and his wife were devoted members of the Baptist church, being folk of sterling worth and unassuming- character and making the best possible pro- vision for their children, though, as the family was a large one and the inci.ime small in pro- portion, tlie sons were early compelled to as- sume individual responsibilities, self-reliance and definite effort being thus quickened into being, so that the discipline ])r(ned rather an impetus than a handicap. Herman F. Renz was a child of but four }'ears at the time of his parents" emigrati(^n to .\merica, and his boyhood days were passed in the city of Cleveland, where he attended the pu1)lic schools until he had attained the age of twelve years, since which time he has been self-supporting. At the age noted he secured employment, in an humble capacity, in the works of the L'pson Nut Company, of Clex'e- land, his (jbject being to learn the traile oi ma- chinist. He serxed a thorough ap]jrenticeship and early manifested a distinctive aptitude for mechanics, so that his advancement has lie- come the natural result e an awakening upon .this subject and he is not only patiently waiting the approach of that happy clay, Ijut doing every- thing that lies in his power to hasten its coming. He is known far and wide for his zeal in the 770 OLD LANDMARKS cause, and his neig"l:l5ors, even those who are most strenuously opposed to his views, not only respect his sincerity, Init his sentiments. He feel'i that ever yood cause must have its mar- tvrs, as has been time and again jjroven in the historv of tlie past. In modern times martyrs Reed, entered claim to ouf hundred and sixt\' acres of government land, which was covered with a heavy growth of timber. On the old homestead John Reed was reared to maturit\'. and on tlie 13th of Aprd. 1815, Avhen aliont se\enteen years of age, he was united in mar- riage to Miss Mary I'ayser. daughter of John Payser, another honored pioneer of the county, and after his marriage John Reed came to Can- ton, taking up his residence at the corner oi Xinth and Market streets, wdience he subse- quently reiiio\-ed ti > the southeast corner of 776 OLD LANDMARKS IMarket and iMflh streets, where he for many years was engaged in the work of his trade, that of saddler and liarnessmaker, utihzing the large front room of his house as a shop. His wife died Decemher 31, 1868, and he passed away on the 2^.th of Septemher, 1871. Their children were as follows : Eliza, who hecame the wife of Jacoh Lautzenheiser, died in Chel- sea, Iowa ; Catherine, who married Henry Bockius, died in Canteen, in April, 1901 : John P. died Fehruary 2, 1877, in Canton; Mary, the wife of John P. Rex, died in this city: Plarriet, widow of the subject, was the next in order of liirlh : Susan is dead ; William died in Canton, March 20, 1901 ; Joseph died in this city, Xovemher 20, 18S8; and Margaret is the wife of Amos Bidden, of Canton. Jacob Reed, grandfather of Mrs. AlcCall, married Ann ]\Iaria Mowrie, both having been born near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was sixteen years of age at the time of the war of the Revolution, and did not bear arms in the great struggle, though he did his part by carrying provisions to the soldiers. His fa- ther, Jacob Reed, was, however, a lieutenant colonel under Washington. He was of Ger- man descent, and the name was originally spelled Rieth. lie died in Montgomery county, Pennsylvania. ]\Irs. McCall resides in the old homestead in Canton, where in her venerable age she is surrounded by a host of friends to whom she has endeared herself Ijy her gracious and noble womanhood. EDWIN S. CORRELL.— Teaching is not classed among the learned professions, and "more the pity."' To properly conduct the studies and recitations in a school room the preceptor must be possessed of far more learn- ing, knowledge of human nature and ability to govern, direct and control than is ordinarily displayed by the a\'erage lawyer, minister of the gospel or a medical practitioner. The per- son who has de\'oted se\'en years of his life to the education of the young in a school room and who has Ijeen successful in that capacity has not only accomplished much fcu" the race, but has disclosed the earnest patience there is in h.is nature. The subject of this sketch, Ed- win S. Correll, is such a person. The first years of his early manhood was devoted to teaching and he met with such gratifying suc- cess that he continued in the business for seven years. Edwin S. Correll was burn Decemlier 14, 1863, in Canton township. Stark county, Ohio, on a farm situated about two miles west of the city of Canton. His father was Josiah Cor- rell, a sketch of whose career will be found in another part of this volume, and his mother was Alary Mentzer. Both were natives of Plain township, and were the parents of five children, Charles G., Edwin S., Minnie M., Nettie J. and Lillie L., Nettie dying in the twenty-seventh \ear of her age. Each of the survivors has received a good educatic^n, is prosperous and comfortably settled in life. From childhood Edwin S. Correll has lieen a resident of Plain township, and it was there that he received his early educatimi in the common schools, becoming proficient in all the branches there taught. Eater he attended the university at Ada, Ohio, and qualified him- self for the calling of a teacher, which business he followed in his native county for a period of seven years. His work in this line was most satisfactory to pupils and patrons, but, like many others, he found the business most irk- some and by no means as remunerative as it should be. Api'il 4, 1894, Mr. Correll was united in marriage to Miss Mary E.. Firestone at the residence of the bride's parents in Plain town- ship. Her pai^ents were Hiram and Margaret (McDowein Firestone, old and highly re- spected residents of Plain township, both now deceased. Mrs. Correll is a native of Plain CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 777 township, bom March 31. 1864, and is a lady of good education and many accomphshments. Two children have lieen born to this union, AVilbur D. and Harrold F., both bright, intelli- gent lads and giving fair promise of growing" to manhood and becoming worthy, useful cit- izens. The farm owned by Edwin S. Correll and upon which he and his family reside comprises one hundred and thirty acres of fertile, well improved land. He is a farmer and stock rais- er, and, managing his business according to m.odern methods and with the aid of all the late improvements in machinery, he has been most successful. Mrs. Correll is deeply inter- ested in church work, is a member of the Pro- gress'Ae Brethren church and a liberal support- er of that denomination and every other worthy cause. The home life of the Correll family is all that could be desired. The evidences of happiness and prosperity everywhere abound and the visitor to the home cannot fail to be impressed with the affectionate regard each member displays tow^ard the others. Still young in years, Avith ample means to supply e\'ery want, there is no good reason why the career of Edwin S. Correll should not be even more illustrious than that of any of his an- cestors. JOHN RAEBER, deceased, was a native of the fair and distant little republic of Switz- erland, and his character partook of the rugged characteristics of a section where the "mount- ains still are free; they hurl oppression back and keep the boon of liberty." He was born in the village of Niederbepp, canton of Bern, on the 5th of July, 1821, being son of Oswald and Elizabeth (Liest) Raeber, the former of who for many years conducted a general store in the little town mentioned. The subject received his early education in the ex- cellent schools of his nati\e canton, in one of the German pro\inces of Switzerland, attend- ing school from the age of six to that of seven- teen, and being then confirmed in the German Reformed cliurch, whose faith he has ever held inviolate, guiding and guarding his life through its gracious and beneficent influence. In April. 1840, Mr. Raelier severed the tender ties wliich bound him to home and fatherland and proceed to the city of Havre, prance, where he embarked on a sailing vessel whose destination was New York city. Arriving in the i\merican metropolis he remained one week, after which he came westward to Bel- mont county, Ohio, where lived a former citi- zen of his native town. This friend was at the time located in the village of Captina, on the Ohio river. Mr. Raeber found work in the harvest fields during that autumn, and after the season was over he went to Licking county, where he passed the winter with some old schoolmates, who had pre\'iously come to Amer- ica and established their home in that locality. In 1841, in compau}- with a fellow countryman, he went by boat down the Ohio and Mississippi ri\-ers to St. Louis, Missouri. They were un- successful in finding work there and continued their journey, going up the Missouri river and through Iowa. At intervals the subject payed his fare on the ri\-er boats by working as a deck hand, and he also found work for short inter- vals on various farms. In their travels the two friends encountered numerous camps of Indians, but had no trouble in the connection. Finding no work of satisfactory nature they returned eastward as far as Cairo, Illinois, ^^■here they embarked on a boat destined up the Ohio, their funds being at this time entire- ly exhausted. AMiile the vessel was en route its boilers exploded, and twenty or more per- sons were killed outright, while the boat was entirely wrecked. Mr. Raeber and his com- panion chanced to be at the stern of the boat at the time of this explosion, and escaped almost bv miracle. They jumped into one of the small 778 OLD LANDMARKS boats attached to the vessel and with this man- aged to make their \va}^ to tiie shore in safety. They next traveled on foot through the state of Indiana, often losing their way and endur- ing many discomforts and hardships. One night, to escape attack from the wolves, they secreted themseh-es in tlic trunk of a large syca- more tree, where they remained till morning. In the summer of 1841 the two comrades contin- ued their journe}- eastward, our subject giving his watch tn pay his fare to the city of Pitts- burg, whde his companion worked his passage to Wheeling, West Virginia, the two becoming se])arated at this time. In Pittsburg Mr. Rae- her secured a position in a ])nnting office, where he served an apprenticeship of about three years, gaining a practical knowledge which served him well in his later career. lie re- maineil in that city until the great fire of 1845, when he lost all (jf his possessions save the clothing which he wore. He then returned to Ohio and for a time remained with an old schoolmate in I'remcn. Fairfield county. In the fall of the same year he went to Detroit, Miciiigan, where he associated liimself with a Mr. Kaininsky iu estal)lishing the first (Jerman paper ever published in that city, the enterprise enlisting his attention about two years. He then secured employment in translating the an- nual message of Governor Chase into the Ger- man language, being well paid for this work. He Ihcn went to the city of Chicago in search of employnieni. the ])lace at that time giving slight evidence of ever Ijeconiing the magnifi- cent metropolis which it stands todav. He failed to find work .and continued his journev to a point near Jolict, llinois, where he took up fort\- acres ot land, the purchase ])rice being two (l(>llars and lifty cents an acre. I le was accompanied by another young man and they took up their abode ni a log Imt and began tlie work of clearing and breaking the land, suc- ceeding in ])utting in a crop. Mr. Kaeber re- mained on his embr}-onic farm for a i)eriod of two years, when he grew \\eary of attempting to ward oft the ceaseless attacks of ague, and abandoned his farm and returned to Chicago, where he secured employment in the printing- department of the Chicago Times, receiving" the princely stipend of fifty cents per week and board. After a short interval he secured work on a German paper, and he remained in Chi- cago for some time, and then recei\-ing a small sum of money from home, and as he still con- tinued to suffer from "fever and ague." he de- termined to leave that section, and accordingly came by boat to Toledo, Ohio, whence he pro- ceeded by canal to Cincinnati, where he \\as employed one year in the office of the A'olks- b1att. He then took a position in the office of a German religious paper' in Circleville, this state, where he remained two and one half years. Within this interval occurred an ini.- portant event in his life, for he was there mar- ried to Miss Wilhelmina Wagner, who jjroved to him a true hel]Jineet from the initiation of their hap])y wedded life. I'rom Circleville Mr. and Mrs. Raeber went by wagon to Millers- burg, Holmes count}-. Ohio, and there he estal)- lished a German pajjcr. which, associated with a partner, he continuetl for nine months. lie then removed to \\'anesburg, in the same coun- t}-. where the citizens of the town and vicinit\- held a meeting and organized a stock coni|)an\- for the purpose of establishing a German i)a- per, tlie locality ha\-ing a A-ery large percentage of German population. Air. Raeber was ])laced in charge of the paper, the Deutsche en Plolrnes. the office being e(|nipi)ed with a new press and other accessories required, and for nearly a rk he achiexed marked success, securing much of the county printing and Ijeing known as an able writer and as one \\\\n was true to e\-ery contract and to his word at all times and under all conditinns. In 1862 he sold his plant and business to Peter Kauffman, an- ject's life was that which came on the jOth of January, 1897, when his lo\-ed and devoted wife, his comiianion and helpmeet for so many years, was summoned into eternal rest, pass- ing forward to the "land of the leal" after a life of self-aljuegation and signal lieautx- in all its relations. The loss to the subject was the more se\cre from the fact that no children were liorn to tlieir union, and his wife was all in. all to him and he to her as thev walketl side In' side in mutual respect, love and sympathy. In politics Mr. Raeber always gave a stanch alleg'iance to the Democratic party, and bijth through his editorial utterances and his per- sonal influence has done much to further its cause. He was a member of the German Re- formed church, as prex'iouslv noted, and liis wife likewise was a devoted and consistent member of the same. He died March 6, 1903. WILLIAM J. POYSER was biH-n in the parental homestead, at 716 South Cleveland axenue, in the city of Canton, on the 27th of November, 185G, and to the puljlic schools of his native city he is indebted for the excel- lent educational ])rivileges xvhich fell to his portion as a boy, xxhile later he supplemented this discipline bv a course of studx' in the Uni- versity of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, one of the most important educational institutions in the L'nion. and xvas graduated as a mem])er of the class of t88o. He then estaljlisbed himself in the practice oi his profession in Canton, successfully continuing operations in the line f(lr a period ot two years, at the expiration of which ex'erits so conspired as to make it seem exjiedient for him to withdraxv from pro- fessional work, and accordingly, in 1882, he became associated with his father in the xvhole- sale and retail lumber business in Canton, under the firm name of John R. Poyser & Son. This enter[jrise xvas conducted under these ausjjices lUitil 1891, xxhen the firm disposed of the business and purchased stock in the Bucher & Gibbs Ploxv Company, of xvhich John R. Poyser xxas made xice-iiresident ;uul the sub- ject of this sketch secretary, of which office he has since remained in tenure. He is knoxvn as a progressive x-oung business man and as a public-siiirited citizen, ex'er maintaining a lixely interest in all that touches tlie welfare and ad- vancement of the city of his natix'ity. In poli- tics he acccjrds a stanch allegiance to the Re- 78o OLD LANDMARKS publican party, and he was a member of the finance committee of tlie birthday anniversary memorial held in C anton on the 27th of Janu- ary, 1903. He is a comunicant of St. John's church, Roman Catholic, and fraternally is identified with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Knights of the Maccabees and the United Commercial Travelers. In ad- dition to his association with the plow manu- facturing business he is also a stockholder and director of the Canton Foundry S: Machine Company and a member of the directorate of the Dime Savings Bank of Canton. On the 13th of September, 1882, ]\Ir. Poyser was united in marriage to Miss Helene Buchcr, who was born and reared in Canton, being a daughter of John R. Bucher, who was the founder of the business which eventually developed into the Bucher & Gibbs Plow Company, with whose interests he continued to be actively identified until his death, having been one of Canton's most honored and in- fluential citizens. ]\Ir. and ]\Irs. Poyser are the parents of three children. Edna L., Helene E. and John R. AUGUST SCHUFFENECKER is a na- tive of the province of Alsace, France, which is now part of the German empire, and was born on the 5th of April, i860, being a son of Martin and Walburga (Ehret) Schuffenecker, both of whom passed their entire lives in the province mentioned, being people of sterling- character and de\out members of the Catholic church. The father was a shoemaker by trade, and this constituted his vocation during the years of his active business career. Of their children our subject is the only one in the United States, and in his native land reside his three sisters and one brother. The subject of this sketch attended school in his nati\-e place in a somewhat iregular wav until he had reached the age of tweh-e years. Fie worked in a tanner \' until he had attained the age of twenty years and then served an apprenticeship at the butchering business. In 1883, at the age of twenty-three years, he bade adieu to home and native land and set forth to seek his fortunes in America. He landed in New York city on the 22d of July of that year, and thence came directly to Canton, where he worked at his trade for various firiu? and individual projirietors of meat markets until 1892. on .Vpril 4th of which year he entered into business on his own responsi- bility, l^y opening- his present well equipped market, at 829-831 South Market street. His thorough knowledge of the business and his discrimination in catering to the demands of his customers soon made the venture a very successful one. and two years after inaugurat- ing the same he was enal)led to purchase the business lilock in which the market is located, while in March, IQ03. he efi^ected the purchase of the Mary Cook residence, on South Market street, wliere he has a ])Ieasant and attractive home. He has laborern in U'ayne county, Ohio, on the 4th of December. i^^J. WHien she was a child her parents removed to Tiffin, Seneca county, and later to a farm ten miles west of that city, where she remained until she had at- tained the age of sixteen }'ears, her educate linal training lia\ ing been received in the public and parochial schools. From the age of six- teen until her marriage she resided in Tiffin, and she is a \\oman of broad information, hav- ing been a close obserx'cr and a constant read- er and ha\ ing- gained much by absorption dur- ing the long years of her mature life. She is a daughter of John G. and Agnes (Stein) Austin, the former of whom was born in the village of Hesse Cassel, Germany, in the year 1801, while the latter was born in the ])rovince of Bavaria in 1803 or 1804, their marriage having l;)een solemnized in their fatherland, where Mr. Austin had learned the blacksmith trade. Thev emigratefl to the Chiited States with their family abinit the year 1838-40, land- ing in New York and thence coming forthwith to Ohio, locating on a small tract of land near CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 783 Canal Fulton. \\'a_\'ne county, where ]Mr. Aus- tin continued the work of his trade, later pass- ins;' a year in TiHin. Seneca county. While in Wayne county he had entered a tract of eighty acres of land five miles distant from Fostoria, Seneca county, and to this he finally removed," reclaiming- the land from the forest and mak- ing good uuprovements on the same. Later he i)urchased and remo\-ed to another farm, of one luuK.lred and sixty acres, located in the im- mediate vicinit}' of the city of Tiffin, that coun- ty, and there he passed the residue of his life, his death occurring in 1888, at the age of eighty-se^'en, ha\ing been a man of remarkable energy and hax'ing continued his active labors up to within about two years prior to his de- mise. His wife passed away on the loth of June. 1853, lioth liaving lieen consistent meiu- l;ers of the Catholic church. Of their chil- dren we give brief record, as follows : Cath- erine, the wife of John Unser, died in Tiffin, in Al)ril, 1900: Mary, liorn in 1828, died in that city in 1853; (jeorge and William also are deceased; John met his death as a Union sol- dier, being killed in the battle of IJulI Run; Elizabeth is the wife of the subject of this sketch; and Jacob, who served three years in the Civil war, as a member of the Fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, is now dead. To Mr. and Mrs. Phillips ha\e been born si.K children, namely: Theodore Joseph, now a resident of Canton, married Mary Burk, of Cincinnati, and they have three children, Edgar R., ]\lary .N.. and Theodore J., Jr. ; George E., a resident of Canton, married Mary Stucker, and they have two children, Paul Adam and Agnes E. ; Flora E. is the wife of Hetu-y Striff, of Wheeling, West \'irginia, and they have had three children, Theodore F. Cdeceased), Cecilia and Irene; William A., of Canton, married .\ntoinette Dannemiller. and they have two chiUlren, Eugene William and John Ferdinand: Henry .Vugustus, of ^^'eston, West \'irginia, married Fulu Miller, one child. Virginia Pearl, having been born of the union ; and Victor A. is preparing himself for the pro- fession of dentistry. JONATHAN RENICK came of German lineage, the name lia\-ing originally been spelled Renewick. Fie was born on a farm near Dar- by\'ille. Pickaway county. Ohio, on the 6th of January, 1823. and there received his earlv edu- cational tr;iining- in the district scIkxiIs of the pioneer epoch, his parents ha\-ing been num- bered among the early settlers in that section of the state. His father, Thomas Reiiick. was a representative of one of the sterling families of the Old Dominion state of Virginia, where Thomas was born and reared, and whence as a young man he emigrated to I'ickaway county. Ohio, where he developed a farm in the midst of the primiti\-e wilds and there passed the re- mainder of his life, his wife, whose maiden nam was Tabitha Radclift'e, having been a na- tive of Kentucky. Both died in Pickaway count}', lia\ing become the parents of fourteen children, of whom eleven lived to attain years of maturity. .Vfter iea\-ing the district schools Jonathan Renick continued to assist in the work of the homestead farm, and finally he entered a college in the state of Pennsyl\-ania. where he was duly graduated, and thereafter he took up the study of law and eventually entered a law school in the city of Dayton, Ohio, where Iike\\ise he was graduated, being admitted to the l.)ar at Circle\ille. the county seat of his na- ti\e county. He was a man of fine intellectual gifts and marked talent in his profession, in wliich he attained jjrestige as one of the able members of the bar of the state, engaging in the active ])ractice of his profession in Circle- ville and having- there served as ])rosecuting at- torney of Pickaway countv. Such was his forceful individuality and such his character that he would have undoubtedly been called t<_) positions of distinctive trust and responsi- 764 OLD LANDMARKS bility had his Hfe been spared. He \vas orig- inally a Know-Nothing- in politics, but identi- fied himself with the Republican party at the time of its organization, having been one of the most uncompromising" advocates of the pol- icy of federal government in refusing to per- mit the further encroachment of human slav- ery and the secession of the southern states. At the outbreak of the war he tendered his ser- vices in tlelense of the Union, but was requested to take a position as a recruiting officer, which he consented to do instead of going to the front in accord with his personal desires. He ren- dered most \aluable service in the capacity noted, being unrenutting in his application to the se- curing the recruits, otherwise upholding the hands of the administration, and while he was thus engaged he contracted a severe cold from exiMSure, and the same became attended with complications which resulted in his death, which occurred on the 20th of September, 1862, at Circleville. He was a man of gracious and kindly personality and possessed of a fine phy- sique, being six feet in height and weighing two hundred and seventy-five pounds. He commanded the unmeasured respect of all who knew him, and his death was deeply deplored in the community in \vhich practically his entire life was passed. At Mt. Airy, in the year 1847, '^^'is sol- emnized the marriage of Mr. Renick to Aliss Lavinia Graham. After the death of her hon- ored husband Mrs. Renick removed from Cir- cleville to Massillon, Stark county, where she resided for eight years, and since that time she has maintained her home in Canton, where she is cared for in her venerable years by her daughter, Mrs. Alexander, who accords her the deepest filial solicitude. Mrs. Renick is a rep- resentative of one of the early pioneer families of Stark count_\\ and her memory links in an indissoluble chain the trend of events from the time when this section was a primitive wild up to the present epoch of peace and prosperity as the twentieth century swings into the cycle of ages. She was born on the old homestead farm, in Jackson township, this county, on the 17th of January, 1826, and completed her edu- cational training in the seminary conducted in Canton by Mr. Goshorn, one of the prominent pioneer educators of the county. She has long- been a devoted n:ember of the Presbyterian church, and is re\ ered and cherished by a wide circle of friends and honored as one of the noble pioneer \\omen of the community. She has ever remained faithful to the memory of the husband of her }'outh, and her widowhood has now covered a period of more than forty years. Of their six children we enter the fol- lowing brief record : Emma died in infancy ; Caroline is the wife of West L. Alexander, of Canton, concerning- whom individual mention is made elsewhere in this volume; Mary, who became the wife of Thomas B. Albert, died in Canton in 1876; Matilda died in her twenty- third year, Thomas at the age of twenty-nine and Edward at the age of eighteen. WILLIAAI P. MARTIN.— Jacob Martin, grandfather of the subject, was a native of Hagerstown, Maryland, where he was reared and educated and where he retained his resi- dence until 1821. when he located in Loudon. Mercer county, Pennsylvania, where he was engaged in business for a number of years. In 1834 he removed with his family to Stark county, Ohio, and took up his abode in the village of Navarre, and of this section of the state he continued to be a resident until his death, which occurred in the village of Paris, 'this county, in 1850. His son Rudolphus, fa- ther of the subject of this memoir, was born in Hagerstown, Maryland, and was a child at the time of his parents' removal to Loudon, Pennsylvania, where he grew to nianhood, and where he learned the trade of harnessmaking. becoming a particularly skillful workman and CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 785 haxing the distinction of manufacturing- the first five-ring harness ever produced in the United States, while he was also the first to manufacture the famous Loudon whips, which are still manutactured on a large scale. In 1834 he came to Navarre, Stark county, where he entered into partnership with John Chap- man and estahlished a general store. They dis- ])osed of the business at the expiration of about two years and purchased a sawmill a few miles to the east of the village of Louisville, this county, operating the same about four years. Mr. Martin then opened a general store in Par- is, this county, while Ezra Smith later became associated with him in the enterprise. Li 1847 Mr. Smith withdrew from the firm and the original owner thereafter continued the busi- ness individually until 1868, in which year he practically retired, being succeeded by his sons James M. and William P., who conducted the enterprise successfully until 1877, when they disposed of the same. In Loudon, Pennsylvania, Rudolphus Martin was united in marriage to Miss Ruha- nia Uncles, who was l)orn in that state. After his retirement from business he continued to make his home in Paris until his death, which occurred on the 6th of April, 1882, while his loved and devoted wife did not long survive him. for she was summoned into eternal rest on the 6th of the following July. Mr. Mar- tin was converted in the Methodist Episcopal church, but in later years became very liberal in his views, though he ever retained a deep reverence for the spiritual verities, aside from creeil or dogma, and was kindly and toler- ant in his judgment, observing the very letter of t!ie golden rule. His wife remained a mem- ber of the church until her death. Li politics he was originally a stanch Democrat, but uni- ted with the Free-soil party at the time of its organization and was thus naturally led to espouse the catise of the Republican party at the time of its inception. Rudolphus and Ru- 49 hama Martin became the parents of five chil- dren, namely: Amanda, who is the widow of Benjamin Estep and resides in Canton : Thom- as Benton, who died in 1857; Anna E., who re- sides in Canton ; James M., of whom specific mention is made on other pages of this work; and William P., who is the subject of this me- morial tribute. William P. Martin was born in the village of Paris, this county, on the 26th of May, 1848, and he attended the public schools of his native village until he had attained the age of seven- teen years, thus laying an excellent foundation for the signally active antl successful business career which was to be his. As a youth he be- gan to assist in the general store conducted by his father, and in order that he might more thoroughly fortify himself for practical busi- ness life his father sent him to the city of Pitts- burg after he left the public schools, and there he entered the Iron City Business College, where he completed the prescribed course and was graduated as a member of the class of 1866. He then retm-ned to Paris and soon aft- erward he and his brother James acquired con- trol of the business which had been conducted by then- father, as noted in a preceding para- graph, the concern representing one of the most extensive general stores in this section of the state. While still residing in Paris Mr. Martin also became interested in the dry-goods business in the city of Philadelphia. Pennsyl- vania, being associated with a partner and continuing his connection with the enterprise several years. In 1877 he and his brother dis- posed of the business in Paris, having been very successful in the conduct of the same, while in the meanwhile the subject of this memoir had given evidence of his distinctive business acumen and prescience b}' making judicious investments in various sections of the Union, having become the owner of valuable property in and about Bismarck, North Dakota. He took up his residence in the city of Canton in 785 OLD LANDMARKS 1888. and fnr 'leN-eral years thereafter lie tra\'- eling extensi\-ely, s]jecnlating successful 1\' in improved and unimproved property, in the citv of Duhilh. Minnescita, he and his l)r(itlier James acquired a vahial)le d(Kk property, the same having greatly ajjpreciated in value widi the gTowth and develi'jinient of the city. His husiness affairs vvere ever held well in hand: he was systematic and methodical, never \i(i- lated an agreement or tailed to meet an en- gagement, while he was a stickler for ])rompti- tude and exactness in all things. He left a large estate and all of his investments were I)roperiv looked after and so classified as to render the management of his affairs the more facile for his devoted wife, who assumed con- trol after his death. Xo man was ever more appreciative of home and friends, and none ever had a more kindlv disposition. He died on the 18th of Decemher, 1901, there having heen no premonitions tliat he was thus to he called from the scene of life's activities in the ])rime of his nohle and useful manhood. He had I)een at his office attending to his husiness affairs and while on the street was attacked witii a severe fainting or dizziness, and soon returned to his liome, and his death occurred six days later. Mr. Alartin was puhlic-spir- ited and his influence and tangihle aid could a.lways l)e counted u])on in the promotion of all worthy ohjects for the general good of the community. Tn jiolitics he was a stanch advo- cate of the ])rinciples of the Republican party, hut he never sought ofhci.al jjreferment of any desc'^iption, and such was his strength of in- tellect that he studied deeply and appreciative- ly throughout lite, being a wide reader and taking particular pleasure in reading to the members of the family circle. In the city of Canton, on tlie 1st of August. i88(), he was united in marriage to Miss Kate A. lilake, daughter of the late Patrick Blake, who was born in the city of Cork. Ireland, and who was brought bv his parents to America when an infant. He was for many years a rail- road contractor, with headcjuarters in the city of Alliance, Stark county, and met his death as the result of an accident. One year after his marriage Mr. Martin built an attractive residence at 1905 Xortli ]\larket street, and there his death occurred, his wife still retaining her home S(_) thoughtfully provided. Of this marriage one .son was born. Brooke, who is thirteen years of age at the time of this writ- ing and who is a solace and comfort to his wid- owed mother. ■*—¥ J 1111,11' j. BERNOW ER.— Mr. Bernow- er was Ijorn m the \illage of Canal Fulton. Lawrence tov nshi)). this county, on the 31st of July. 1837. and was there reared to the age of nineteen years, his educational privileges having been such as were afforded in the pub- lic and ]jarociiial scliools, while as a mere boy he assumed individual responsibilities, having become a clerk in the grocery of Timothv Sullivan when Init twelve years of age, wdiile his school discipline under that line was of ir- regular order. At the age of sixteen vears he was ]>laced in practical charge of the grocery establishment of John P>ames, in his native town, and he retained this incumbency until he had attained the age of nineteen years, when he came to Canton and secured a position as trav- eling salesman for tUe wbolesate notion house of W. .A. McCrea & Company, wifli which con- cern he remained tw<_i and one-half vears. while later lie was a commercial salesman for reprir- sentative firms in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and Cleveland, Ohio. In 1885 be gave u]i travel- ing, b.aving determined to establish himself in a ])ermanent business upon his own responsi- bility, and in that year he l)egan his opera- tions in Canton as a lumber dealer, as a mem- ber of the brill n{ U. Holwick & Company. In i8g3 he established his present lumber busi- ness in bis own name. Throug-h discriminat- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 7^7 mg management and fair dealing- he has huilt uj) a pi'ospcrons enterprise, having a well e(|uipped plant and ade(inate storage yards on the corner of Cle\'eland avenue and Navarre street and controlling a representative trade throughout the territory ndrmally tributary to Canton. Mr. Berno\\er has lahnred consecu- tively to attain the goal of success, and has not been denicl a due reward for his well directed efforts, while incidentally he has invariably commanded the confidence and esteem of those with whiim he has come in contact. Though never an aspirant for public oifice he has ever given a stanch support to the principles and ])olicies of the L3emocratic partv and takes a loyal interest in local affairs. His interest in public affairs is demonstrated ijy the fact that he served efficiently as a member of the Canton board of elections for a period of six years. He and his wife are communicants of St. John's church, Roman Catholic, and fraternally he is identified w itli the Cath.olic Mutual Benefit xAs- >(iciation and the Knights of Columbus. On the 2ist of November, 1888, in the city of Findla}', Ohio, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Bernower to Miss Mary E. Julien, a daughter of Augustus Sylvester and Sarah Gil- lespie Juhen, of that place. Regarding the genealogy of the subject, we may say that he comes pf stanch German line- age. His father, Godfrey Bernower, was l)orn in the grand duchy of Baden, Germany, on the 29th of September, 1 81 9, and he was there reared to the ag'e of eighteai years, re- eei\-ing his educational training in the excellent schools of the fatherland. As a youth, depend- ent entirel}' uix^n his own resources, he emi- grated to America, making his way from New York to Ohio and locating at Canal Fulton, Stark county, where he worked as a 1>iok- keeper for a number of vears. He served as postmaster of the town for several years, and was a candidate for county treasurer in 1861, having been a man of ability and inflexible in- tegrit}' and having commanded unqualified con- fidence and esteem in the community in which he so long lived and lal)ored. He was a stal- wart Democrat ui politics and both he and his wife were communicants of the Catholic church. He died on the 22(\ of February, 1862. an honored pioneer of the countv. His wife, whose maiden name was Margaret Houk, was likewise a native of Germany, whence she came to America with her parents when a girl, and she died in Canton October 8, 1887, ^^ the age of sixty-eight years. Of this union were born seven children, concerning whom we offer brief record, as follows : Charles W. died in 1875. at the age of thirty-three years; he \vas a member of Company A, One Hundred and Fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, at the age of nineteen years: Harriet is the wife 6f Will- iam Mullally, of Canton; Elizabeth, who be- came the wife of Patrick O'Brien, died in the city of Wheeling, West Virginia; Isabelle, who married Daniel Holwick, died in Canton, Ohio, in March, 1899; Margaret is the wife of Chris- tian Fishley, of Canton; Philip J., subject ot this sketch, was the next in order of birth; and John A., who married Josephine Haines, of Fostoria, Ohio, and resides in Canton, is asso- ciated with Phih]) f. in the lumber business, the firm name i^f which is the Canton Lumber Company, with \'ar(ls on East North street. ASA WHITCOMB BALLARD was a na- ti\'e of the old Bay state, having' been born in tlie town of Peppered, Middlesex county, Mass- achusetts, on the 15th of December. 1823, and there he ^\■as reared to maturity, recei\'ing ex- cellent educational advantages for the day. while in his youth he learned the machinist's trade, in which line he became an expert arti- san. It is altogether jjrobable that his disci- ]>line in this line was received under the effec- tive direction of his father. A\ho was one of the best machinists in that section of the Union, 788 OLD LANDMARKS and vvh(j altaiiicl iji-iikcd prestige in liis cluwen vocation. I ic; accompanied IiIh parcnls on tlicir removal lo the city of I'itlslnirj^', TennHylvaiiia, where he was engaged in ihe work of \m trade lor ;i. nnnilicr of years, and where hin marriage was solemnized in tlie year (^50, lie there- after conlinned to reside in that city niitil i^sS, I'rior to this, Ix fore the coni|(letifjti of the l'>|>Ii- raim Hall maimfactiiring plant in (!antfjn, Ohio, Mr. llallarrl was iniportnned to come to tliis city and assume the forananshi]) <)i one <>i tlie departments in the factory, but hin wife's par- ents were in advanced yc;irs and needed her at- tention, .so that she was mr^t relitctant to leave thein, and Mr, F.allarfj thus declined the ]>rr;f- fer,en afterward be- ing nnitwl in marriage to Sophia, a daughter of his employer, Mr, l',;dl. In theyefir \H()(), Mrs, I'lallanl's parents having in the meantime l>cen summoned into eternal rest, our subject re- moved to Canton to accej>t the forcmanship vacated by his Ijrrjther, who fjcoamc »tipefin- tcndetit of tlic cf/iicern at this time, and he thereafter continued in the employ of the Ji, l'»all C(;mpany tnitil the reorganization of the Irttsiness uu'ler the name of the ('.. Aulfmati Company, and with the new cwicern he re- mained in active service for a number of y«ir«, until 1884, when he received a strf>ke of j/firaly- si», which rendered him partly helpless. So greatly were bis services nccfle/1 and aj;j>reci- ated, however, that when he had .suffici<:ntly re- covered to be able to move a}x>ut, through with difficulty, Mr, Miller, one of the interested ])rincipals in the greit concern by wliich be Itad been employed, came to Mr. liallard and urgefl upon her the propriety of her hushAnd'» continuing in the m?magcment of his Aejmrt- ment, since this wfjuld di.stract his mind frrmi his infirmities atid prove more in harmony with bis wishes, and the c/^nsiderate and kindly prr/- posal of the com|any was acccjrtcd, anrl there- after Mr, liallard was carried to atid frou) the »hop» each ri ill the Whig parly, but ii|jon the organiza- ti'rti of the Kejiublican party transferred his allegiance to the same and ever afterward re- mained a stanch advocate ni its principles, 1 Ic was interested in all th;(l tended to promote the ))(i¥,t jnterc«t« of the cr/jiimunily, and scrvfcrl for a iiumlwr of years as a member of the (jioard ofcdncation, Me was one of the ze^tl- '/US and consislent members of the I'irsf I'rcs- bytcrjan church, in which he served as rieacon for a long t^-rm of yc'irs, and of which his widow has long been ;i »lev'/(ed iiicinlx;r. On the 7th of October, (850, in the city of V\ii%\nxrfi, Pennsylvania, Mr, I'.allard was unit- ed in hmrriiif^f. to Miss .Margaret Irwin, who was lydng a rianghtci; of John and Anna ^VVhife; frwin, both of whom were lKn, a si».t'T •'' Mr, (rwin. Shortly after CAN ION AND SI AUK COIINIV, OHIO. 789 \\ ;ii i| III' .11 i|iiii I'll |ii I >|ii'i I \ III I'll I Jiiii 1'^ .1111 1 iJicK- iiinl, ii|i III', rcHidfiici'. 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Ml hallaiil r. .1 ■.l.'iin h lv'i'|inlilii .111 III |ii ilil n ,, .1111 1 linl ll III' .nnl lir, » 1 Ir .11 1 nirni llCI'idl llic iVIcI 111 iill'.l |'.{ir,i n|i.ll illlinll, v\lll|r I I .lln ii.illv In- I', iilnil ihril w il Ii lln | iiiiidi ( )i i|n nl Mnili i| /\ini'i n .III i\l''i li.nin ., Iicmj.' a IIIi'IIiIm'I nl III illlir I nl|||i ll I J i i .| I TIlC Wi'ldW nl lln ' llll|ri I III. mil. llir, lll'l li'ilill'IICd ill llir nli| liniin , \' lin ll I , 'ill li.illdvvcil .nnl en i|r.l I 111 In 111 I li\ I 111 nil 1 1 in I 11". .nnl .'|->'ii >i l.ll ll III'. III Ihr |,.l I KI'.iilNAI.I t I I I'll iLl.h.N W.I'. I Ill NfVV Itlij-'Jllnll, l',llf;l.nii|, mi lln (,| nl Jllllr, 1K55, ami was llitTf icnni .mil nlnralPil, vvliilc lie c.illy 'I'l'iii'i'il li'i'lilin ,i| li.iiiiilif.; wllii'll Wfll |i|i|M|ri| limi Inl Ihr yiii',i||iili In wllil'll ll<^ is lldW (|c\ dlill^.;' Ilis .illriil I 1 1- is a HfMl of S, Mai'.h.ill ami Mary M, ( K'alllcs) \M\fy, liiilli nl wlinnr pas.scil llicir cnliic lives in l''.iif>'' I. nnl In iH'/y (lit* fllllljccl nl' lIlJH Hkfll'll IMM1« Id lln I iinh'il SlalvH Mild Mddii al'lcivvard ai'- 790 OLD LANDMARKS rived in Canton and assumed the position of chemist in tiie works of Bolton, Myers & Com- pany, wlio had here estabHshed business in 1875, the concern constituting the nucleus from which has been Iniilt up the present Canton Steel Company. Later the tirm became Bol- ton. Bulley & Company, and subsequently a reorganization took place and the business was incorporated under the laws of Ohio, the title of the Bolton Steel Company being then adopt- ed, while the next distinctive change was that in\iil\ed in the incorporation of the concern under the laws of Pennsylvania, with the title of'the Bolton Iron & Steel Company, this be- ing the immediate predecessor of the Canton Steel Com]3an}-. the only change being in the name. Mr. Bulley has been consecutively identihed w ith the enterprise during the several changes and has retained a capitalistic interest throughout. The works uriginally utilized Avere erected by a m.dleable iron company, and later were changed to a steel plant under the title of the .Vultman Steel Compan^•. but they had ceased ti) be maintained in operation some time ])rior to the securing of the plant b}- Bnl- tiin. M}'ers & Company, while ^Ir. Anltman continued to be an interested principal for sev- eral years after the organization of the new oi)erating hrm. The original jjlant was e(|uip|)ed with a twehe-inch rolling mill and a few crucible melting holes and one or two ham- mers, while an open-hearth furnace was in- stalled 1)\- the Bolton & Myers Company soon after they secured control of the ])lant. this liaving been among the first furnaces of this class built in the United States. The plant has been continuously enlarged, to meet the de- mands placed upon it. and at the time of this writing its equipment includes three melting furnaces, three mills and an adequate batterv of the best type of steam hammers. The out- put is comprised entirely of high-tempered steel, and a large quantity of steel and mining drills are annually shipped to the most diverse sections of the United States, Canada and Me.x- ico, wdiile the balance of the prodtict is utilized almost entirely for the manufacturing of springs for railway cars and x'arious lines of ^'ei^icles, a large ])ercentage of the carriages and other conveyances made in the United States beiiig equipped with springs manufactured from the steel produced in the works of the Canton Steel Company. At the time of the inception of the enterprise the ]iractical superxision nf the works was ]jlaceDEY is the son of Charles Kiddey. who was Ixirn and reared in Columbiana county. Ohio, and there learned the trade of boilermaking. Charles Kiddey worked at his chosen calling for a number of years in \\'ellsville. and it was in that city that he met with an accidental death in the year 1881. The maiden name of the subject's mother was Mariah J. Close; she was born in Jefferson county. Ohio, and departed this life in the month of March. 1903. Her .son. the subject of this re\iew. first saw the light of day in East Liverpool. Ohio, the event dating from May ri. 1869. \\nien he was quite young his ])arents remo\-ed to Wellsville. and it was in that city that he received his limited scholastic education and grew to maturity. The death of his father, which occurred when John S. w;is in his twelfth vear. left the familv of seven children dependent tipon the widowed mother, and for some time thereafter hard work and the most frugal economy on the part CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 791 of all were re(|uired to keep the hungry wolf from the door. By reason of his services be- ing needed to assist in the general suppnrt of the family, the subject was obliged to quit school, and from his twelfth to his fourteenth year he worked in different pottery shops, earn- ing l)ut meager wages, which he generously contrilnited tn the common fund. At the age of fourteen he entered the boiler works of the Cleveland & I'lttsburg Railroad, at Wellsville. for the purpose of learning boiler making', and after remaining some years at that place fin- ished the trade at the Fulton Boiler Works, of the same place, before reaching his twentieth year. The master of a handicraft upon which he could rely with the assurance of a comforta- ble livelihood and something more, Mr. Kid- iley then engaged with the Cleveland & Pitts- burg Railroad, in the Wellsville shops, and there remained until 1897, ^'''^ meanwhile de- veloping' eificiency and skill at his trade besides obtaining an insight into A'arious lines of me- chanical work with the object in view of ulti- mately engaging' in business for himself. In ■ November, 1898, he came to Canton and ac- cepted a p(«ition in the lioiler works of the Cleveland. Canton &- Southern Railroad Com- pany, in which capacity he continued until rgoi . when he resigried and carried out a desire of long standing by establishing a shop of his own, the beginning of which dates from October of that year. Mr. Kiddev l)egan ujieratii ins on a modest scale in a small building which stood at the rear of the .^rtificial Ice Compan^^'s plant, and meeting with a liberal patronage was soon obliged to increase his force of laborers and en- large his works. In less than two years after establishing his business it had so grown in magnitude and importance as to render a Iniild- ing' of still greater capacity necessary ; accord- ingly, in January, T903. he erected his present plant at No. 1150 Marion street, where he now has a large and fully cr|ui])])ed shop in which all kinds of boiler work is done with neatness and tlispatch. the establishment ranking with the foremost in this part of the state. A skilled artisan himself, and appreciating the \alue of first-class workmanship. Mr. Kiddey emi)!o}'s none but efficient and thoroughly reliable, men and the high grade of the products of his shops has won him a reputation for excellence such as few of his calling attain. Since coming to Canton he has Ijeen constantly before the peo- ple in his industrial capacity, and the interven- ing years have steadily added to his high repute as a business man and to his en\iable standing as a citizen in ever\' relation of life. He possesses good judgment, excellent char- acter and habits, is a hard worker and success- ful manager, careful and conservative in his dealings and progressive in all matters in which the public welfare is concerned. His early years of rugged practical experience, by de\el- oping a spirit of self-reliance, thoroughly fitted him ioY leadership in industrial enterprises, and he engaged in his present undertaking with a full realization of its difticulties and responsi- bilities, l)ut with well grounded faith in the splendid success iiv which his efforts have been crowned. In the year i8Xy. in the city of \Vells\'ille. Ohio, Mr. Kiddey was united in marriage to Miss Lillie M. Wilson, who has since presided over his home with dignity and true wifely de- votion, besides presenting him with four bright, interesting children, whose names, in order of birth, are as follows: Beulah. Lester, Clark S. and Stuart D. Politically Mr. Kiddey ex- ercises the greatest amount of independence compatible with good citizenship, declining to obey the liehests of aiiy party, and relying upon his own judgment as to the principles he es- pouses and the candidates to whom he gives support. He was reared in the Methodist Protestant church, but has profound regard for religion regardless of creed and assists gen- erously in the support of different organiza- 792 OLD LANDMARKS tions, not forgetting to encourage unto his in- fluence and material means the notable work of charity and bene\'olencc of \v]i;ite\er name or order. RICHARD A. CHRISTIAN is a native of the old Keystone state, having been born in Allegheny City, Pennsylvania, on the 25th of August, 1857, and being a son of Robert and Margaret (Jackson) Christian, the former a native of Pennsylvania and the latter of West Virginia. The father of the subject was a butcher by trade and vocation, and he died in the city of Pittsburg", Pennsylvania, in 1873, at the age of thirty-nine years. His wife was reared in Pennsylvania, where her father, Rob- ert Jackson, passed the later years of his life, and she now maintains her home in Canton. She is a member of the United Brethren church. as was also her husband. The latter was a son of Robert Christian, Sr.. who was born in Ire- land, whence he came with his wife and five children to America, locating" in Allegheny City, Pennsylvania, where two other children were born to them, and of the number three are living at the present time. The subject of this sketch was the eldest in order of birth in a family of nine children, of whom three are living. Richard A. Christian attended the public schools of his native city until he had attained the age of sixteen years, and then he began an apprenticeship at the moulder's trade in the works of the Crawford Malleable Iron Com- pany, of Allegheny City, and after becoming thoroughly skilled in his trade he continued to be employed at the same in his home city until November. 1886, when he came to Canton, where he was employed in the works of the Elbel Company until 1892, when he became foreman of the works of the Canton Malleable Iron Company, serving with such discrimina- tion and efifectiveness that in 1896 he was made superintendent of the plant, and he has since remained in tenure of this office, holding the confidence and good will of those employed un- der his supervision and also of the members of the company which has granted him the prefer- ment. In politics Mr. Christian is a stanch adx'ocate of the principles and policies of the Republican party, but he has never been afflict- ed with office-seeking proclivities. He and his wife are prominent and valued members of the United Brethren church, of which he served as trustee for four years, while for five years he was superintendent of the Sunday school, and assistant superintendent for four years, tak- ing an active interest in all departments of the church work. In Alleghenv City, on the iSth of /\ugust, 1880, Mr. Christian was united in marriage to Miss Nancy Porter, who was born in Marietta, Ohio. Ijeing" a daughter of Ezekiel Porter, and they are the parents of ten children, namely : Elsie (wife of Henry L. Baird. of Canton), Lillie. Charles, Pearl, Ella, Richard, Ruth, Tames, Esther and Paul. OTTO THEOBALD GIESSEN. — Among Stark countv's leading Imsiness men of the past, none were more closely identified with its material growtli and best interests than the late Otto Theobald Giessen. of Canton, who for many years was an lionored resident of the city and a leader in its industrial life. Tliroughout this long period he became wide- ly- known for his sterling qualities, his. fearless lovaltv to his honest convictions, his sturdy stipport of tiie sound principles that underlie true democracy, and for his discrimination and tact as an inaugurator and manager of large and important enterprises. His career as an intelligent, broad-minded citizen of large heart and generous impulses was one of signal use- fulness and honor, and during his acti\-e years he not only achieverl business success, but gave CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 793 seme of the best efforts of his life to the build- ing up of the city's social interests and to the elevations of thmgs relating to the moral wel- fare of the communit}-. The representative of an old, intelligent and highly respected family, he not only maintained the high standard of an honored ancestral name, but by a character above reproach and a course of conduct sin- gularly free from adverse criticism continually added to it new luster, and made it stand for upright manhood and sterling citizenship. A self-made man, he stamped the impression of his vigorous personality, not only upon the city, in which his most eminent success was achieved, liut upon the county and business cir- cles of the state, and his death, a few years ago, remoxed from Canton one of its characters whose intluence and leadership, during a ca- reer of remarkable endeavor, was as instru- mental as that of any other man in fixing the business status of the city and giving it its present high reputation among the leading in- dustrial circles of the commonwealth. Otto Theobald Giessen was born July 14, 1848. in Kusel, an industrious, thriving little town of Rhine Plats, in the western part of Ba- varia, Germany, being the sixth child of Henry Julius and Elizabeth (Ritter) Giessen, both natives of the Bavarian Palatinate, as were their respective ancestors for several preceding generations. The father was a man of intelli- gence and marked influence, a graduate of the universities of Eslanger and Heidelberg, and for a number of years held the office of notary public, a position of far greater importance in Germany than is the ofifice of the same name in the United States. To be a notary public in Bavaria requires not only sound judgment and good social standing, but also rigid intellectual discipline and thorough professional training, one of the essential qualifications required of a candidate of the office being a university de- gree. Henry Julius Giessen discharged the duties of Ills office in an able manner and was highly esteemed by the people of his juris- diction, having been a man of profound learn- ing;, wide experience and superior professional ability. The subject's maternal grandfather was also a man of much more than local repute, as is attested b}' the fact of his having been honored with a number of high public posi- tions, notably among which was that of post- master of his province. During his incum- bencv, -which was before the days of railroads, the mail was carried on horseback or in coaches, and the many routes over which he exercised jurisdiction and the large number of offices under his control show him to ha\'e possessed business and executive ability of a high order, as merit alone is the pre-requis- ite to official station in all parts of Germany. Both the Giessens and Ritters were of superior birth, being among the first families of Ba- varia, and they were also connected by nature and the ties of marriage with a number of the leading people of the Empire. When the sub- ject was about eight years old, his parents re- moved to Kirchheimer, a beautiful town of northeastern Bavaria, on the Mount Dones- burg, where he first attended the public schools, later entering the lower classes of the Latin schools at the same place, which course of study he pursued until a youth in his early teens. When a lad of nine years, Mr. Giessen suffered the loss of his father, who died in the above town, and from that event until old enough to look after his own affairs he re- mained under the tender care and faithful guid- ance of his mother, a woman, as already indi- cated, of beautiful character, varied culture and marked piety: also spending considerable time with his grandparents. Being an ardent admirer of nature and a great lover of outdoor life, he was given ample opportunity to exer- cise these tastes while living with his grand- father, the latter, as already stated, being- post- master, with a great many horses at his com- mand. Young Giessen rode over a number of 794 OLD LANDMARKS mail routes, and in this way laid the founda- tion of the superb ]:)hysical health wliich he sub- sequently enjoyed, also increased his admira- ticin fur the beautiful and mmantic in nature, which was afterwards one of his most pro- nounced characteristics. At the age of four- teen, he entered the Kaiserslantern, a hue tech- nical school for lioys. where he prosecuted his studies the greater part of the ensuing two years, making ra])id progress while in that in- stitution. In 1865. when but sixteen years old. Mr. Giessen bid farewell to the fatherland, and emigrated to America, where brighter pros- ])ects for ad\ancement in life ajjpealed to his restless energy than obtained in the country of his birth. Locating in Cleveland. Ohio, where his brother-in-law. Car! Schmidt, was then lixing. he took a full business course in one of the commercial colleges of that city, after which lie learned, under the direction of his relative, the brewer's trade. Some months prex'ious to coming to this country he made a careful study of the art of making vinegar, and becoming efficient in the manufacture of that article. full\- intended following it as a business, .\fter settling in Cle\-eland. however, he decided to turn his attention to a pursuit which ])romised more liberal financial reward, accordingly, as alread\- stated, he entered his brother-in-law's brewery, and in due time be- came familiar with e\'ery detail of the business. In iJ^/O '\\r. Giessen went to .\kron. where lie formed :\ ])arlnershi]) with another party for the manufacture of beer, the firm thus constituted lasting until about 1872. when he disposed of his interest in the concern and came to Canton. Al\va\s .alert for oj)])ortunities. he saw a fine business jjrosjject in the old Gralier brewery, about two miles southwest of the citv, and piu'chased ibe same, conducting it with encouraging success until the year 1883. when the jirojierty was destroyed by fire, en- tailing upon him a \ery heavy and embarras- sing loss. With his characteristic energ}', he at once set about to retrieve his liroken fortune, and in due time built up the brewery on Cherry and East Fourth streets, which, after operating with liberal financial results until i88(). he sold and which since that vear has been known as the Canton Brewing Company. ]\Tr. (jiessen in 1885 organized the Crystal .""Springs Ice Company, of which he was made secretary and treasurer, and some time later helped establish and incorporate the Canton Buggy Company, being the largest stock- holder in the enterprise, and for several years served in the dual capacity of secretary and treasurer. In 1891 he was a leading spirit in organizing anfl incorporating the Royal Brick Company, of which he was also elected secre- tary and treasurer, and these two offices, to- gether with that of general manager, he held until his death, suffering se\eral serious losses the meanwhile by the destructi\e agency of fire. From an apjiropriate obituary published immediately after Iiis death, the following par- agraph, pertinent in the connection, is quoted : Mr Giessen was an indefatigable worker, and 1>\' perseverance and energy he monnted the ladder of suc- cess, despite tlie innumerable reverses that at tinie> threatened to obliterate the results of his years of toil. The all-devouring element of fire proved a destructive agent during his career. His first great loss was the brewery th.it he had spent large sums of money in im- proving. Later the ice houses, constructed near the brew- ery, were consumed, and then the Royal brick plant went up in smoke. More recently the Canton Buggy Company and tb.e Hear Company's manufactory, in whic'.i he held large interests, were completely de- stroyed. Tliro'igh all these, disasters, however, he maintained the even tenor of his way and surmounted the difficulties with the ease born of a resolute will. Mr. Giessen was married in -\kron, ( )hio. February 13. 1871. to Miss Julia Angne. a na- ti\-e of that city, but born of (lerman parentage, her father and mother coming from the old world sr>me vears ])rior to her I)irth. The uncle of Mrs. Giessen served as colonel of an Ohio regiment in the late Civil war, and left CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 795 the army at the close of the struggle with a dis- tinguished record. Seven children ha\e re- sulted from the marriage of Mr. and ]Mrs. (iies.sen, six of whom are li\ing. namely: l'"rederick, horn July 2t^, 1873; Otto, April 13, iSj^: Karl, December 13, 1876; Homer, Feb- ruary 8. 1879; Kurt, October 28, 1881, and J lenry, who was born on October 25, 1886. Elsie, the deceased memlier of the family, was Ijorn Octoljer 3, 1882, and departed this life ]'>bruary 2, 1884. In 1871 Mr. Ciiessen returned to the land of his linlh, and spent some time reyisiting the scenes of his childhood, antl renewing acquain- tances with friends whom he had not seen since bidding them good-bye so many years ago. I le was always deeply interested in matters per- taining til liis German--\merican fellow citi- zens, was identified with several of their or- ganized societies, and in 1891 assisted with the Northeastern Ohio Saengerfest. which he ser\-ed for s(~imetime as secretary. It is need- less to state in this connection that he was prosperous in his business affairs, his connec- tion with the many large and important enter- ])rises already alluded tn being sufficient e\i- dence of the fact. \\x ddigent attention and snperi(jr management, he succeeded in accumu- lating a handsome fortune, and was also lili- eral in his contributi(Mis to eyer\'" worth\- ob- ject, ha\'ing been charitable in all the term im- l)lies, and a leader in a number of private and organized Ijenex'olences. Tn i8q3 Mr. (iiessen purchased Hartford Heights, a beautiful and imposing residence property situated in the eastern part of Can- ton, on the highest point of land in Stark coun- ty, which he greatly improved and -beautified, and which lie made his home the remainfler of his days. Here, surrounded by many features \vhich apiiealed to his lo\'e of nature, and \\ith everything calculated to minister to his com- fort, he silent the remaining years of his life in almost ideal enioynient, his family and many friends appearing to vie with each other in con- tributing to his happiness. Mr. Giessen was a men;ber of several secret fraternal organiza- tions, Init, with the exception of the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent and Protecti\e Order of Elks, manifested little interest in them during his latter }'ears. He was a charter member of the Pythian lodge of 'Canton, and for twenty years one of its zealous workers, and was also identified with the United Com- mercial Travelers' Association. He united with the Elks lodge alx)ut six years pre\'ious to his death, and when he passed to his final reward that organization officiated at his obse- quies, passed ap]iropriate resolutions concern- ing his life, and different members spoke elo- quently and feelingly of his character and \ir- tues a.s a worthy lii-other and honorable citi- zen. Karl Claus.sen, of Cleveland, conducted the services, after which Past Exalted Ruler Thomas F. Turner, of Canton, in behalf of the Elks, rendered the following beruitiful tribute to the memory of the dece;'.sed : .My friends, among the first acquaintances wliicli I made upon cnming to this city, a little more than ten years ayn. was that which I formed with him at whose bier we have gathered this afternoon. It was my good fortune that the acquaintance thus early formcd was destined to ripen into a warm and last- ing friendship. T soon learned to know him as a man who scorned the mean and petty things of life; who never spoke ill of, nor did an act of wrong toward any man : whose given word was sacred as his written bond ; who held above all other things respect of vir- tue, and the love of wife and home and friend. No loftier tribute can be paid to any man than to have it said: "He lived an upright and honest life." Too often the living hear words of censure only, while praise is reserved for the dead, wdiich, "Like tlow- ers on coffins laid, imparts no sweetness to departed days," It was the good fortune of him who lies be- fore us, however, that during his lifetime those who knew him best were frequent and willing witnesses to his sterling worth. I recall that some years ago one of Canton's most prominent and influential citizens, in speaking of this thing which we call moral worth, said: "There are in this city two men who have lieen success- ful in life whom 1 know to be absolutely honest, up- right men." The man wdio spoke these words has al- 796 OLD LANDMARKS ready "answered to the dread summons and joined the innumerable caravan which moves to the mysterious reahns," while one of those of whom they were spoken has just solved the great mystery, and lies before us, cold in death. Tt is scarcely two years since Otto Gies- sen became a member of the brotherhood of Elks. In his life were exemplified the great principles upon which the order was erected. Justice, impartial ; char- ity, unlimited: brotherly love, unrestrained; fidelity, un- wavering — these were the guiding and controlling in- fluences of his life, which, like great golden strands, were woven into tlic warp and woof of his very exist- ence. But, my friends and brothers, words upon an oc- casion such as this are but empty nothings — silence, silence alone, is truly eloquent. Let us emulate the lofty and noble purposes of his life, let us "write his faults upon the sands, his virtues upon the tablets of our love and memory." J 11 November, 1896, Mr. Giessen contracted a severe cold, which with frecjuent relapses, finally developed in a typhoid condition, from which he sitffered until the 21st day of the following February, wlien his spirit gently passed into the great beyond, leaving behind him a memory fragrant \vith good deeds and noble endeavor, and a name whose Itister, is destined to grow brighter with each succeed- ing year. SAMUEL O. LAUGHLIN.— Canton has gained a wide reputation through the great in- dustrial concerns which are here located, and her manufactured products go forth into all quarters of the civilized world. Two of the extensive and important manufacturing enter- prises of the city are those conducted by the Cleveland-Canton Spring Company and the Cleveland Axle Manufacturing Company, of both of which the subject of this sketch is treas- urer. The Cleveland Axle Manufacturing Com- pany is the outgrowth of the Kritch & Crane Manufacturing Company, which was estab- lished in the city of Cleveland more than half a century ago. for the manufacture of wagons and carriage axles. In 1875 the business was incorporated and the title of the concerr changed to the Cleveland Axle Company, and in 1887 the subject of this sketch becaine as- sociated with his brothers, George A. and Will- iatn H,, in the purchase of the business anc plant, the latter havmg at that time been lo- cated opposite the estal)lishment of the Standarc Oil Company, on Broadway, in the city oi Cleveland. In the autumn of 1892 the Can- ton plant was established, and the outptit ha; since that time increased threefold, the enter- prise being one of the largest of the sort ir the Union, while its facilities are unexcelled representing a large capitalistic outlay and en- listing the best of skill and experience, as is alsc true of the Cleveland-Canton Spring Company in whose plant are manufactured carriage wagon and truck springs of the higliest type ol excellence. The latter plant was erected, ad- jacent to that of the axle company, in 1901, anc the three brothers are likewise interested prin- ciples in this large and prosperous industria' enterprise. The official corps of the Clevelanc Axle Mamifacturing Company is as follows George A. l^aughlin. president; Samtiel O Laughiin. treasiu'er; Gordon M. Mather secretary; and Joiin G. Obermier, sup- erintendent, while that of the Cjeveland-Cantor Spring Company is as follows : George A Laughiin, president; William H. Laughiin vice-president; Samuel O. Laughiin, treasurer Gordon M. Mather, secretary ; John G Obermier. general manager. The employes of tlie two companies enjoy the privi- leges of a fine club house, which was erected for their use by the two concerns, the same being conveniently located between tlu two plants, and being equipped with baths, ban- quet room, library, ball room, gymnasium, etc The three Laughiin brothers are all na- tives of the city of '\Vheeling. West Virginia and in the public schools of that place Samue! O. received his early educational training, while later he continued his studies in the Washing- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 797 ton & Jefferson College, at Washington, Penn- sylvania. The brothers were engaged in the steel and nail manufacturing business at Mingo Junction, Jefferson county, Ohio, prior to be- coming identified with their present lines of enterprise. JOHN H. LIND. — Occu[)ying the responsi- ble position of postal clerk on the line of the Cleveland & Marietta Railroad, and maintain- ing his home in Canton, Mr. Lind is well known to the people of Stark county, where he was born, and where the major portion of his life ha."; been passed, while he is a representative of the third generation of the family in the county. Mr. Lind was born on the old home- stead farm, in Plain tow nship, three miles north of Cantou. on the 30th of June, 1841, and is a son of Samuel and Hannah (Housel) Lind. His paternal grandparents were John and Eliz- abeth (Hess) Lind, or l''underlund, as the name was originally spelled, the former of whom was born in Franklin county, Pennsylvania, com- ing of a stanch old German family early estab- lished in the I\eystone state, while his wife was lx)rn in the same state, near the Maryland line. In 1806, when their son Samuel, father of the subject, was a lad of eight years, they left the i>ld honie in Pennsyh'ania and canie through to Stark county, where Grandfather Lind se- cured a tract of wild land, in Plain township, there de\'el(.)ping a good farm and becoming one of the wcirthy pioneers of the county. Both he and his wife passed the remainder of their lives on the old homestead, and each attained a venerable age. Samuel Lind was reared to manhood on the old homestead, which he pur- chased after the death of his father, the same comprising one hundred and sixty acres, and eventually he disposed of this property and purchased a smaller farm a short distance west of the old place, and there he lived until he was called from the scene of life's activities. He was four times married, and became the father of thirteen children, all of whom are li\'- ing at the present time, the subject of this re- view being the eldest of five sons born of the first marriage. His mother was a daughter of Anthony J-fousel, another of the sterling pioneers of Stark comity, and one of whom more specific mention is made in the sketch of the life of his son Peter, on another page of this work. Hannah (Housel) Lind died in 185 1, and her husband was thrice married thereafter, first to Mary Holm, next to Kate Stover, and finally to Amanda Flohr, the last named having survived him until 1901. Sam- uel Lind was a man of inflexible integrity, was successful as a farmer and commanded the re- spect of all who knew him. John H. Lind, the immediate subject of this sketch, continued to assist in the work of the home farm until he had attained the age of eighteen years, his educational advantages in the meanwhile having been such as were af- forded in the common schools in the vicinity of his home. .\t the age noted he came to Can- ton, where he learned the trade of harness- making, under the direction of C. C. Snyder, and after learning the trade he worked at the same for one year in Massillon, where he was residing at the outbreak of the war of the Re- bellion. On the 5th of August, 1862, he mani- fested his loyalty as a true son of the republic by tendering his services in defense of the Un- ion, enlisting as a pri\ate in Company E, One Hundred and Fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, which was commanded by Colonel James Riley. Mr. Lind continued in active service until July, 1865, when he received his honorable discharge in the city of Cleveland. He participated in all the battles of the ever memorable Atlanta cam- paign and those of Franklin and Nashville, as well as all the engagements in North Carolina leading up to and culminating in the final vic- tory for the Union armies. After the close of the war, in which his record was that of a 798 OLD LANDMARKS valiant and faithful soldier, Mr. Lind returned to Canton, where he engaged in the harness business, in company with Charles Hane, and later he conducted an individual enterprise in the same line at Beach City, this county, con- tinuing the same until 1883. when he entered tlie railway mail service, being a postal clerk on the line of the Cleveland & Pittsburg Rail- road for eleven years and then being trans- ferred to his present run. He has proved a most efficient ofhcer and has the confidence and good will of all with whom he has come in con- tact, in a business or social way. He exercises his franchise m support of the Republican party, fraternall)' is identified with the Grand Army of the Repul)]ic, and both he and his wife are members of the First Presbyterian church of Canton. On the 25th of October, 1866, Mr. Lind was united in marriage to Miss Rebecca J. Shriver, of Canton, she being a daughter of Jacol) Shris-er, one of the jiioneers of the county. Of this union have been born four children, namely: Veronica, who is the wife of John Stidger, of Cleveland ; Mary, who is still under the paternal roof; Elizabeth, who is the wife of Calvin A. Wise, of Cleveland; and Florence M., who also remains at home. PROF. JOHN W. KlRTv is one of Ohio's native sons, having been born March 9, 1854, in the county of Stark. In an early day his grandfather, John Kirk, a native of Pennsyl- vania, moved to Holmes county, Ohio, where he purchased land and engaged in agricultural ])ursuits. A little later he changed his abode to I-awrence town.ship, Stark county, where he also followed farming for a livelihood, and he there spent the remainder of his days, mean- time accumulating a comfortable competence and l^econiing a jnan of considerable note in the community. The maiden name of Mrs. John Kirk was Fli^a 'Clark. She also was of Pennsylvanian Ijirth, and bore her husband three sons and four daughters, only two of whom are li\ing at the present time. In politics Jcjlin Kir-k was an old-line Whig and appears to have Ijeen an active party worker. He and his wife were zealous Presbyterians and are remembered as a pious. God-fearing couple, whose lives were in harmony with their re- ligious professions and wdio early impressed upon the minds and hearts of their children the strict precepts for whicii their church has long been distinguished. Among their sons was one by the name of J. Fox Kirk, whose birth occurred at Beech Creek, PennsyKania, in the vear 1826. He was quite young when his parents moved to Ohio, and bis early years were spent in Stark county, where he received his educational training in the common schools. Reared on a farm, he engaged in agricultural ])ursuits for himself when a young man and later carried on the livery business in additinn to tilhng the snil, running an establishment for some years in the town of Canal Fulton. J. Fox Kirk was a gentleman of excellent parts, and all with whom he had business or other re- lations respected him for his sterling (jualities of head and heart. He served for se\eral years as township trustee and was also a mem- ber of tlie school board of Canal k'nlton, in which capacity he did much to awaken an inter- est in the cause of education and promote the efiiciency of the local system. He owned a fine farm of ninety acres in Lawrence town- ship and as an agriculturist ranked with the enterprising and progressive men of his neigh- borhood, enjoying distinctive prestige as a citi- zen and iiilelligent man of affairs. Politically he was a Democrat, but not an active party worker, notw ithstanding which he was honorefl with various official positions, in all of which he deported himself in an able ;ind praise- worthy manner. When a young man J. ¥ok Kirk was married to Miss Lavina Caskey, daughter of John Caskey, wlio was born in CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 799 Penik.\'l\aiiia, near J.ancasler, and was at one lime sheriff (if Slark CdUiiiy. lie was a car- penter by trade, and worked at same until death.. Mr. Kirk died on the ist day of May, l88o, and left liis descen(knits the menmi'v of a sjiot- less repulaliiin which they ])rize more than the richest he(|uest of gold or houses and lands. liis widow is still living', making her home at tins lime in Oherlin, Ohio. To J. V. and La\iiia Kirk were horn the folhjwing children : Mary J., John \V., of this review, Ada, l'"lora and Lovie, all li\ing hut the last named. The earh years of Prof, Kirk were marked hy no e\ent of especial iiote, having been spent amid the quiet scenes and gentle influences of ru.ral life, the farm a(Tl'<3rding him am])le means for the de\elopment o1 his physical powers, wliile his mental growth received its first stim- ulus in tlie ])ublic schools of Canal Fulton, which he entered at the ]>roper age. After Completing the common school course he was desirous of further increasing his scholastic ier spent their lives in their native state and had children as follows : Daniel, born March 15, 1X22, died in infancy: Charles E.. father of the subject: Roswell David, born May 11, 1826. has been in the employ of the LTnited States goxernment for over a half centm'v and at the present time is connected with the armorv at Springfield, Massachusetts ; Foster Harris, born April 17, 1829, was graduated from an eastern college when a young man, afterwards went west and is now living a retired life on a farm in Napa, California, his daughter. Belle, being the wife of Hon. Frank Comlis, a con- gressman from-tliat state: ]\Iary Augusta, born October 21, 1832. was graduated from Mt. Holyoke College, Massachusetts, anfl married Rev. Lyman Taft. but is now a widow ; Sarah Swan, the se\'enth of the family, was bom De- cember I, 1834, and died in childhocid: James .S.. born May 28. 1838. also died in childhood; and Eunice E., the youngest of the children, was born on the 19th day of July. 1841. She was also graduated from Mt. Holyoke College. Charles Ephraim Roper, the father of Miss Leila S.. was bom October 2y. 1823. at Sterl- ing. Massachusetts, and. like the rest of his family, was gi\-en the best educational ad\an- tages the times afforded. After completing the pul)lic school course he attended college at Northampton and later became a skilled arti- san at various kinds of handicraft. At a very- early age he developed unusual efiiciency in all kinds of delicate mechanism besides dis])lav- ing inventive genius, which in due time won him a national reputation. When but fourteen years old he in\-ented a ]nin-ip which afterwards came into general use throughout New England and other parts of the L^nion and later his name was associated with a number of in\'entions which have been adii])ted in the L'nited States and several Euro- l)ean countries. In manv respects he was much more than an ordinary man. as will be seen from the following obituary published in the Canton Repository on the 24th of March, 1901. a few days after his death, and written by Robert A. Cassady. one of the office force of Col. Ephraim Ball : Of tin- n;aiiy e.\ceptionaIly skilled mechanics who fri)iii linu- til time have contributed to the material ad- vancement of Canton and aided in its almost world- wide reputation as an industrial center the late Charles 804 OLD LANDMARKS E. Roper held a deservedly conspicuous place. He wa.; born and reared on a farm, amidst the rugged environ- ments characteristic of western Massachusetts, and after completing a collegiate course in one of the best insti- tutions of New England, entered one of the leading industrial establishments which have distinguished his native state in the production of high-grade machinery, especially that employed in the manufacture of other forms of machinery. After a complete course of prac- tical instruction from forge to finish, including a very thorough mastery of mechanical drawing, and through all the departments of labor-saving mechanical devices, he passed into the higher realm of invention, as well as the mechanic arts. During the Civil war his talents were largely em- ployed in the invention, improvement and manufacture of firearms of various descriptions at Philadelphia and other places and his services proved a great value to the government. Among the most notable products of his genius and handiwork, perhaps, was the well-known Catling gun, which was perfected about the close of the war. Mr. Roper, with his own hands and with the aid of other skilled artisans under his supervision, pro- duced the first practical sample of the present rapid- firing artillery, the most successful because the most de- structive agency of modern warfare. This has given his name an international reputation and for it alone he will always be remembered as one of the greatest of American inventors. Mr. Roper canie to Canton about 1866 for the pur- pose of aiding Colonel Ephraim Ball in the develop- ment and perfecting of the renowned World reaping and mowing machinery. The manufacture of these ma- chines required the invention and construction of labor- saving devices of the highest order, and to him we are indebted for the conception and development of some of the finest mechanical ideas ever used in our indus- tries. His machines for the cutting of the gearing of the World mower and reaper are marvels of mechanism, particularly the cutter, by means of which bevel gearing is produced with absolute accuracy, entirely automatic- ally, and at a cost much below tliat which attended the performance of the same work by previously known method. Mr. Roper was a genius as well as a thorough mechanic and by his death Canton lost one of its most highly esteemed and valuable citizens. During his later days, enfeebled by age iind bending under the weight of heavy physical infirmities, he retired from the public gaze and therefore was little known by the present act- ive generation : but his old associates in the field of mechanics will loni; cherish the memory of this dis- tinguished invetUnr .uid sterling friend and co-laborer. Charles Rijper was twice married, the first time to Miss Lucy orooks, who died after a l>rief wedded lite of eight months; four years later Mr. Roper mo^'ed from Massachusetts to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, where he became superintendent of a large manufacturing estab- lishment operated by H. H. Ryan and it was while serving in that capacity that he married, in 1854, a neice of his employer by the name of Mary Coombs. ?\liss Coombs was born July 15, 1830, in Loudoun county, Virginia, the daughter of Presley Coombs, whose father achie\ed distinction as one of the bravest American generals in tlie Revolutionary strtig- gle and in the war of 1812. Gen. Coombs' name occupies a conspicuous place in American history, ranking- with those of other prominent men who devoted their all to the cause of liberty and independence. He was twice mar- ried, became the father of twenty-two children and died at the almost unprecedented age of one hundred and nine years. The wife of Presley Coombs was Ann Rhein, a meml)er nf an old and highly respected (ierman famil_\-, "epresentatives of which came to this country in an early day and settled in Pennsylvania. In the course of years the name was Ang-licised to Ryan and as such it has since been known. As already stated. Mr. Roi>er was connected for many years with the industrial interests of Canton, and after his health began to fail he resigned his position and from that time un- til his death looked after his farm near the city. He died at his home on Cleveland a\enue, March 11. igoi. Shorth' after moving to this city he united with the First Methodist Episco- pal church., in which he w as a faithful and act- ive worker to the end of his days. In politics he was an unswerving Republican and always kept himself well informed relative to the great questions and issues tipon Avliich i)arties were divided. The foIlo\\"ing are the names nf the chil- dren born to Charles and Mary Roper : Howard Harris ; Charles Presle)'. an artist and portrait painter who was killed in a railroad accident in the year 1887 ; Leila S., whose name CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 805 heads this sketch ; \\'alter Ephraim, of Canton ; George A., of Steuben ville, this state, who formerly studien in connection with his other duties. In .Vngust, 1902, Mr. Early engaged with the Canton Bridge Companx- as head electri- cian, and the same \'ear installeil the first plant in this city, since which time he has assisted in estal>lishing other i)l;uits in varinus parts of the country. He is an accomplished electri- cian, is also familiar with the most advanced mechanical work of the day and as a tiiorough master of his profession fills the responsible position he now holils, with credit to himself and to the entire satisfaction of the firm with which he is identified. Mr. Flarlv is ;i close, critical student ruid axails himself of e\'ery possible opportunity to add to his technical knowledge and to increase his efficiency in re- ducing the same to i)ractice. He is an up-to- date man. with progressive ideas, enterprising in all he untlertakes and any work to which he addresses himself is sure to be ])ushed to successful completion with the least possible delay. Idioroughly dcxnted to his prcjfession and a business man in all the terms implies, he also manifests a !i\-ely interest in pu1)lic affairs and is not unmindful uf his dut\' as a cili7en. Foliticalh' he yields allegiance to no political party, being independent in the matter of voting, and he usually casts his ballot as his judgment or conscience dictates, regardless of partisan leadership. In his religious faith he is a Lutheran, to which church his wife also belongs, both being esteemed members of the congregation worshi|i])ing in Cant('n. 8o8 OLD LANDMARKS Mr. Early, in the year 1893, was unitetl in marriage with Miss Alice Jones, of Canton, the iini.in re-ulting- in the birth of four cliildren whose naines are as follows : Rolaert, Edith, Genevieve and Kramer. ULRICH HUBER.— The subject of this sketch is a native of Switzerland, having been born in that country October 15, 1838. In 1852. when fourteen years of age, he came to America, unattended by any relative, his par- ents liaving preceded him some time. They had located in Sulli\-an county, New York, and thither the youth went. He attended school and readily acquired a fair knowledge of the English language and applied himself to such work as he found to do until after the break- ing out of the war of the Rebellion. In the spring of 1864, when the cause of the Union was in most dire straits and Federal troops were badly needed, Llrich Huber en- listed, became a soldier in Company F, One Hundred and Thirty-Fourth New York \^olun- teer Infantry, and served until the close of the war. He was with Sherman in his march through Georgia to the sea, participated in a number of warm engagements during his term of service and was one of that magnificent army which was the feature of the grand re- view in the city of Washington, in June, 1865. On receiving his discharge, Mr. Hul)er re- turned to his ijarents, who by that time had moved to Luzerne county. Pennsylvania. He then entered the emplo}- of the Delaware & Lackawanna Railroad Comjiany, at Scranton, as a helper in the department of blacksmithing. In 1866 he was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth K. Cook, a native of the city of New York, born November 25, 1847. For two years after their marriage they continued to reside in Scranton, then moved to Stark county, Ohio, settling in Plain township, where they have lived e\'er since. Thev are the parent.s of two children, Julia ]\I., the wife of George White, and Nettie AL, the wife of Horace G. McDowell. Each has received a good common school education and is a wor- thy, amiable matron. For a number of years after coming to Ohio i\Ir. Huber was in the employ of the Aultman Manufacturing Company, though latterly he has been engaged in farming. He is the owner of a well-kept, well-tilled and fertile little farm of ten acres in Plain town- ship, and on it is a nice residence, a good barn and outbuildings, the \\h(^le constituting an ideal little home. He is a meml)er of the Grand .\rniy of the Republic and was a mem- ber of the school board a number of times, being in politics a Republican. As did many other natives of a foreign land, he proved his loyalty to the land of his adoption by I'isking his life in its behalf. The Huber family has l:>een ior genera- tions one of the foremost families in Switzer- land. Alany of them became geologists of prominence, one became an eminent divine, noted throughout his country, and many others have become noted in their respective profes- sions. ■*—~^ HOWARD \\\ YANT comes of stanch German ancestry in the agnatic line, the fam- ily having early been established in Pennsyl- vania, while from the old Keystfjuc slate ha\'e gone forth worthy representati\'es into the most diverse sections of the Union. Philip Yant. Jr., his paternal grandfather, was reared and educated in Northaiuptun county. Pennsyl- vania, and there was solemnized his marriage to Miss Elizalieth Scroyer. They became pio- neers of Stark county, having come hither from Pennsylvania about the year i8jo and taken up their abode on a tract of heavily tim- bered land in Pike township, where they passed tlie remainder of their li\es, the grandfather CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 809 eventually succeeding in reclaiming a consid- erable portion of his farm, which is now one of the valuable and well improved places of that township. He died in 1867 at the age of seventy-six years, and his wife passed away in 1 85 1, at the age of forty-nine years. They became the parents of eight children, of whom tv.'o are living at the present time. Eli Yant, father of the subject, was born on the old homestead farm, in Pike township, on the iith of December, 1836. and he was reared under the environments and influences of the pioneer epoch, early beginning to lend his aid in the work of clearing and culti\-ating the farm, while his scholastic prixileges were such as were afforded in the primitive log school houses of the locality and period. He devoted the major portion of his life to agricultural pursuits, having liecn for a few years em- ployed as a mechanic in the shops of the Col. Ball Plow Company, in the city of Canton. In 1850 he was united in marriage to Miss Mary Ann Aliller, who was born in Stark county, being a daughter of the late John Miller, one of the sterling pioneers of Pike townshi]), and a sister of Eli Miller, who is one of the repre- sentative citizens of Canton. In the spring of 1882 Eli Yant removed with his family to Huntington count}', Indiana, where he contin- ued to be engaged in farming until 1893, since which time he has lived retired, making his home with his daughter, Mrs. Emley, in the citv of Huntington, this county. Plis devoted wife was summoned into eternal rest in 1893, both she and her husband having originally been members of the Methodist Episcopal church, while later they identified themselves with the German Baptist church, in whose faith they ever remained firm and unwavering. Eli "^'ant was formerly a Republican in politics, but in late years, in harmony with his uncom- promising opposition to the liquor traffic, he has exercised his franchise in support of the principles and policies of the Prohibition par- ty. He is a man whose life is unshadowed by wrong or suspicion of evil, and he has ever commanded the unequivocal confidence and re- gard of all who have known him. Of his six children we enter the following brief record : Clara is the wife of Anthony A. Weber, of Huntington, Indiana; Olive F. is the wife of John Mapes, of Wabash countv, Indiana; Al- bert C. is a resident of Centerville, Iowa ; Cora M. is the wife of Anthony C. Emley, of Hunt- ington. Indiana; David M. M. is a resident of Chicago, Illinois; and Howard W. is the im- mediate subject of this sketch. Howard ^\^ ^'ant Avas born on the home- stead farm in Pike township, Stark county, on the i6th of April, 1877, and here he gave an inceptive glance into the rudiments of scholas- ticism, having here begun his primary educa- tion in the district school. He was but five years of age at the time of the family removal to Huntington county, Indiana, and there he continued his studies in the district schools and completed the curriculum of the township high school, in the city of Huntington. Later he was a student for se\eral years in a pri\-ate normal school in that place, and he was early led to take up the profession of teaching, for which he manifested a natural predilection. At the age of nineteen )-ears he Ijegan teaching in tlie public schools of Huntington county, where he was thus engaged for two years, and he then came to his native county and after teach- ing one year in the district schools of Pike towii.sliip he took up his residence in the city of Canton, where he has since made his home, though for two years he was the able and popu- lar instructor in tlie grammar school at Na- varre. In January, 1903, Mr. Yant resigned his position as teacher and accepted a position in the freight department of the Pennsylvania Railroad, in which he is now ser\ing. In poli- tics Mr. Yant is a stanch Republican, keeping' well informed in regard to the questions and issues of the hmu'. and his religious faith is 8io OLD LANDMARKS that of the Methodist Episcopal cluircli, his meinhersliip 1)eing maintained in tlie Simpson church, in tlic city of Canton. He enjoys niarlx'cd ijopnlarity in echicational and social circles and is a young man for whom a hright future may conhdenth' he predicted. Cil.\RLl<:S ]■. HAINES.— The suhject of this re^.iew is a representative of a family which has heen identified with the annals of American history fnjm the pre-Revointionary ei)och. his great-grandfather in the ])aternal line ha\ ing heen a nati\e of England and ha\- ing heen a patriot soldier in the Continental arni}' during the war of the Revolution. Will- iam n. Ilaines. the father of the suhject, was a n:iti\e of New Jersey, where he was engaged in farming for the major i)ortion of his life, coming to Canton, ()hio, in 1899, where he passed the remainder of his life, dying- on the Sih of June, H)Oi, at which time he was eight)'- one x'ears of age. His wife, whose maiden name was Salome King, was horn in the ])ro\- ince of .\lsace, hrance, whence she came to America in her youth, and she died in Canton, on the 4th of January, lyoo, in her seventy- se\'enth year. This worthv couple Ijecame the parents of se\ en children, of whom four are lixing at the present time. The parents were (knoted memhers of the Methodist Ejjiscopal church, anide- in Xew |erse\' until 1881, when he came to Canton, where he was in the emj^loy of the Wrought Iron I^iridge Com])any until 189J, when he engaged with the recently organized Canton Bridge' Company, in whose employ he since remained, working in the forging dei^artment and com- manding the respect and esteem of all win > know Ihm. In politics he is a stalwart Re- ]3uhlican and has e\-er taken a li\ely interest in th.e party cause. In the spring of k)oi Mr. Hain.es was elected a memher of the citv coun- cil, as a representatixe of the secontl ward, and in this hody he served most efficiently for two years, while he is known as a progressive and puhlic-spirited citizen, h'raternally he is iden- tified with the Junior Order of Cnited Amer- ican Mechanics and the Knights of the Macca- hees. In Camden county. Xew Jerse)'. on the 19th of January, 1876, Mr. Haines was united in marriage to Miss Keziah Beehe. who was horn and reared in that state, and of their SIX children three are lixing, n;nnelv: Ann;i, Grace and Benjamin H. W'lELIAM W. MARSHALL was horn OP. a farm in the immediate \-icinity of Har- marxille. Allegheny count\', Pennsx'h'ania, on the ,^d of March, 1867. His great-grandfa- ther, Samuel Marshall, settled in I'enjisyl- x'ania in an earh' da\'. while the original American ]n'ogenitor emigrated hither from Scotland in the colonial epoch of our national history. Sanniel Marshall was the father of seven ciiildren. \iz : William. James. Hugh. Alexander, Samuel, ( ieorge and Elizaljeth, of whom James, the grandfather of the suhject, was next to the eldest. He de\oted his lite to agricuhurnl pursuits, as ha\-e the majorit}' of his descendants, and in the old Keystone state are to vet he found munerous representa- ti\-cs of this stanch old ])ioneer family. James Mar'h;dl was Imrn in the eastern part of I'enn- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO.^ >ii sylvania, and after lie and his bruther William had attained niatnrity they purchased adjoin- ing tracts of land in Allegheny county, and their father siiuuUaneousl}' seciu'ed an adja- cent pro])ei'ty, each of them becoming the owner of a (juarter section, lie married Jane AIcCool. and both died in the count}' last men- tioned, ha\ing become the parents of se\'en cliildren, namel_\- : Marv is the widow of Thomas McLaughlin and lives in Westmore- land count)-, I'ennsyhania : John was the fa- ther of the subject of this sketch; Elizabeth married, James (irithlh, and >he li\es in De- troit, Michigan; Martha is the wife of John Tlibotson, of Canton, Ohio; Samuel resides on the old homestead farm in I'ennsylvania; Har- riet is the widow of Thomas McPhillamy; and [Margaret is the wife of Charles Engie, of .Allegheny county, Pennsylvania. John Alarshall. father of the subject, was born on the old home farm in Indiana town- slii]), .Mleghen}- county. l'enns_\l\ania, about th.e year 1S42, and his early educational ad- \'antages were such as were enjoyed b_\' the average farmer boy of the localit}- and period, Ijeing confined to a soiuew hat irregular attend- ance in the district school in the \icinit\- of his home. 1 Te continued to be identihed with ag- ricultiu'al ])ursuits in his natix'e countv until 1870, when he removed with his famih' to the city of Pittsburg, where he secured emplo\'- ment in the rolling mill of one of the exten- sive steel works of that i)Iace, and he continued to be thus em|)loycil for the greater portion of his time until his death, which there occurred in October, 1S81. While residing on the fariu he took an active ])art in local affairs of .a pub- lic nature, having been a zealous work'cr in the cause of the Republican ])artv\ 1 le and his w\ie were both consistent members of the Metliodist I-Cjjiscojjrd church and were folk of sterling character, e\ er holding the esteem ot all who knew them. The subject's mothei"'s maiden name was hlizabeth (Irifhth anil sh.e was a daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth (Irif- fith. The Griffith family is of Irish extrac- tion, and in the Emerald Isle Joseph C.rithth was born and reared. After his marriage he emigrated to America and took uj) his residence in Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, where the mother of the subject was born, and eventually he purchased a fine farm in that county, where both he and his wife passed the remainder of their days. The mother of the subject passed away in 1001, at the age of sixty years. William Marshall, the immediate subject of this review, was reared to the age of twelve veai's on the old homesle id farm in Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, being the third in order of birth in a family of nine children, concern- ing the others of whom we ofTer the following hrief record: Joseph died in iSSi, aged about nineteen x-ears; Lydia is the wife of Albert McKelebv, of Uutler countV, Penns\ Ivania : Robert resides in Xew Kensington. Pennsxl- \ama:' Hugh died in 18S1. at the age of ten years: Charles is a resident of Natrona. Alle- gheiiy county, Pennsylvania. Harry and John both died in ]88i, making four of the children who ])assed awav within the one year; :md Irene is the wife of a Mr. Ma- son, of C'aniegie. Pennsx Ivauia. The sub- ject attended the district school until he had attained the age of eleven years, assisting in the work of the farm during the summer month';. At the age of eleven ye;n\s he left the jiarcnlal roof and began the battle of life on his own responsibilitv. lie secured em- ployment on a farm lor the lirst year, and t"or the following Iwc vein's he w ;is em|)loved bv ( ieorge L. W alter.s, who was engaged in the lumber business in the town of Sharpsbiu'g. I'ennsvlv.ania. .\t the age of fifteen he began work in ;i steel rolhng mill in Pittsburg, under the direction of his uncle. Air. Ibbotson, with whom he came to t';inton in 1883. Here he was eiu])lov'ed lor fifteen vears in the works of t'''e ( 'anton Steel ('oiupany, vvDrking in the 8l2 OLD LANDMARKS capacity of hammer man, and for the follow- ing year he was an employe of the Canton Cru- cible Steel Company. In June, 1902, he estab- lished himself in Ihe retail liquor business and cafe at 204 East Tuscarawas street, where he has since conducted a successful enterprise, haviiig a well equipped establishment. In this city, on the 23d of November, 1898, Mr. JMarshall was united in marriage to Mrs. Jennie JNIiller, who was I)orn in Canton, being a daughter of Robert and Alice Larmar, and nf this union one child has been born, Lydia. Mrs. Marshall died in Canton, on the 19th of November, 1902, mourned by all who knew her. Mr. Marshall cast his first presidential vote in support of the Hon. James G. Blaine and he has since continued to give a stanch allegiance to the Republican party, having been an active and zealous worker in its local ranks. In the spring of 1900 he was elected to represent the seventh ward in the city coun- cil, and in 1902 was elected as his own succes- sor, a fact that indicates that his services had met with the approval and endorsement of his constituency. Fraternally he is identifietl with the Junior Order of ITnited American Mechan- ics and is a charter member of the local aerie of the Fraternal Order of Eagles. He is well known in the city and enjoys marked ]jiipu- larity williin a wide circle of acquaintances. FREDERICK H. SIGRIST.— The fair little republic of Switzerland figures as the place of Mr. Sigrist's nativity and he comes of one of the ancient and jirominent families of that land. His father, Frederick Sigrist, was born in 1824, and his mother, who.se maiden name was Elizabeth Neifenegger, was bcrn in 1830. Their marriage was solemnized in 1852, and Frederick H., the subject of this review, was their only child. The father came to the United States in 1867, and in 1870 his wife and Frederick made the voyage across the Atlantic and joined him in Massillon. Here he passed the remainder of his life, his death occurring on the 26th of March, 1887. His widow still survives and maintains her home in the city of Duluth, Minnesota. She is a member of tlie German Reformed church, as was also her husband. Frederick Henr}- Sigrist was born in In- terlachen, canton Bern, Switzerland, on the 14th of Fe])ruary, 1857, and there his early educational discipline was received. He com- pleted a course in a normal school in his native town and was graduated therein, though he was but thirteen years of age at the time of his coming to America with his mother. After the family located in Canton he continued his studies for three years in the local high school, after which he was matriculated in Mount Union College, near Alliance, this county, in T878. completing the philosophical course in this institution and being graduated as a mem- ber of the class of 1878, with the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy. Fie then returned to Canton, where he held a clerical position in the offices of tlie C. .\ultnian Company for the ensuing three years, after which he was a traveling salesman for two years. At the ex- piration of this period he entered the employ ot Stone, Odean & Company, wholesale gro- cers, of Duluth, ^Minnesota, having charge of the city trade of the house, while he eventually became an interested principal in the same. He disposed of his interest in the business in 1893 and engaged in the commission broker- age business in Duluth, following this line of enterprise about se\en years. He returned to Canton in 1900 anfl identified himself with the Knight Manufacturing Company, in the capacity of C(")nfi(lential clerk, and of this posi- tion he still remains incumbent, being knowrt as a business man of (listincti\-e executive abil- ity and good judgment and holding prestige in connection with the industrial interests of CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 813 the city. In politics he is an independent Re- puhhcan, advocating the generic principles o£ the party, but reser\ ing to himself the privilege of supporting men and measures which meet the approval of his judgment, regardless of the closely defined partisan lines. In Canton, on the 25th of May, 1882, Mr. Sigrist was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Elizabeth Howenstein, daughter of John and Julia (Sanford) Howenstein, of this cit}'. Mr. and Mrs. Sigrist have three children, Mary Helen, who was born August 11, 1884; flora Elma. who was bom March 25, 1891, and Robert J., who was hnvn ]u\\ 18, 1898. CHARLES L. WORRALL. M. D., was bom in the village of Chester Hill, Morgan county, Ohio, on the 27th of April, 1872, be- ing the only child of Edward P. and Ruth (Smith) Worrali. His father was bom in the same village, on the 23d of January, 1846, being the youngest of the twelve children of Zebulon and Martha R. (Radcliff) Worrali, the former of whom \\'as born in Germantown, Penn.sylvania, in 1798, and the latter in the city of Richmonci. V^irginia, in 1803, both be- ing of English lineage and of old Quaker stock, Ijeing birthright members of the So- ciety of Friends. Both accompanied their re- spective parents on their remox'al to Mount Pleasant, Jefferson county, Ohio, in the early pioneer epoch, and there their marriage was solemnized. Shortly afterward they removed to Morgan county, Ohio, where they passed the remainder of their lives, folk of intelligence and sterling worth of character. As members of the Society of Friends the Worrali family were, both by discipline and conscientious con- viction, opposed to warfare, and during the progress of the war of 1812 they were sore pressed and heavily fined because of their re- fusal to take part in the conflict. During the crucial epoch leading u[) to the war of the Rebellion the members of the family in Ohio assisted many a poor slave to freedom, the home of Grandfather Worrali having been a station on the famous "underground railroad," through which so many slaves were transfer- red from one point to another until they gained their liberty. Zebulon Worrali was a tailor by trade, and to the same he devoted his attention during the major portion of his active business career, but in the later years he engaged in the nursery business, in which he met with marked success. Edward P. Worrali was reared beneath the parental roof and \\as thoroughly trained in tiie nursery business under the direction of his father, who was conducting a prosperous business during the years of his boyhood, while he had such educational advantages as were afforded by the common schools of the pe- riod. He succeeded his father in the nur- sery business, in which line of enter- prise he was actively engaged until al)out 1884, while during the intervening years he had put his distinctive artistic talent to effective use, painting many pictures of a high order of merit and disposing of the same t') advantage. The niu'sen' business pro\ed uncongenial to him, and about 1884 he with- drew from the same and turned his attention to photography, in which line of art produc- tion he has since been engaged, having a well equipped studio in the town of Chester Hill. Morgan county. In politics he is a stanch advocate of the ]>rinciples of the Republican party, and, though reared in the Quaker faith, he is now a member of the Methodist Episco- pal church, ha\ing- been quite active in its work for a number of years past. The mother of the subject was born in Chester Hill, Ohio, on the 1st of January, 1852, being a daughter of JosqDh and Mary (Fawcett) Smith, both of English ancestry and of the old Quaker stock early established in America, Dr. Wor- rali ha^•ing in his possession a complete record 8i4. OLD LANDMARKS of tlie Smith family fruin the first emigrant a'ice>t(r v,ho came (>\er with William Penn's original colony, a? a part of the first expedi- tion organized hv that honored man. The Smith family also took a prominent part in tlie condncting of the nnderground railroad in the ante-Rel)ellion days, as well as dnring the progress of the war. ['he mother of the Doc- tor died nine days after his hirth, antl later his father married Miss Lucy Snowden, daughter of Professor James F. Snowden. who was for many \ears ]n"inci])al of the city schools at Wheeling, West \'irginia. One child was horn of tiiis union, James S.. wlio is a printer liy \iication and who is now a resident of Amesville. Athens county, Ohio. After the death of his second wife tlie father of the Doc- tor married Miss Rebecca \\'orthington. of Chester Hill, and iIkw are the parents of three children, Paul. Edith and Mary, all of wlmm still remain beneath the home roof tree. Doctor \^'orrall was reared in his natix'c tiiwn. md received a mother's care from his father's second wife, while his early educa- tional discipline was secured in the ]niblic schools, including a thorough course in the Chester Hill high school, under Professor J. A. Stone, a most able educator and one who has attained a high reputation in his chosen ]jrofessiori. This school has sent more stu- dents to the State University of Ohio than any other high school, with the same average at- tendance, in the sfate. The Doctor gave par- ticular .attention u i the study of civil engineer- ing, with the intention of adopting this pro- fession as a vocation, and he also was prepar- ing to c-iUer the state university after his grad- uation in the high school. However, he started on a trip down tlie Ohio river with his l)arents. and this cost him dearly since he con- tracteil malarial fe\er ,-uid did imt rcco\er from the same for two years, his health being seri- ouslv impaired during this i)eriod. He was thus disappointed in taking u]) his uni\ersity coiu^se and, ratlier by accident than design, drifted into the ])hotographing business, which he had learned in his father's studi(.i. He tra\-eled into \'arious sections of the Union, taking \ie\vs and placing the same on sale to interested persons, and while he was thus en- gaged lie \i sited Bartlett, Ohio, where he formet Dr. O. .\. Pambert. then nf Chester ?Iill. but iiiiw ;i ])racticing phvsician of ^Pu'i- etta. (>hi(i. nf which citv he is mayor at the time cif this writing, and in the autumn nf the following vear our subject was matriculateil in the Ohio Medical L niversitv. at Columbus, CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 815 wliere he was graduated in l)oth medicine and pliarmacy, in the s])ring' of 1900, receiving the degrees of Doctor of Medicine and (irathiate in Pharmacy. He was particularly ambitious ard earnest in his technical study and investi- gation, as is evident in his having simultane- ously carried forward the two courses, and upon leaving the college he was thoroughly well equipped for the active work of his pro- fession. While he was prosecuting his medical Course his finances reached a low ebb. and he had recourse to his knowledge of photography, through which he supplied the requisite funds to complete his course, a\-eraging more than fitt\' dollars a month through this source, and finding hi? devoted wife an able helpmeet and coadjutor, smce he exposed and (levek)ped the negatives, giving his attention to the latter portion of the work in the evenings, while Mrs. W'orrall assumed charge of the printing and finishing of the photographs. Tn the same spring in which he was grad- uated Dr. Worrall came to Magnolia and es- tiblished himself in the active practice of his protessi(jn. and it ma)- well be said that his ncnitiate was \'er_\' brief, for his unmis- takable ability and gracious personality soon gained him a rejjresentative support and he has already built up a most successful and grati- fying j^ractice. He is a member of the Ohio State Medical Society and is a con.stant and earnest student, so that he keeps in close t')uch with the advances made in the sciences of medicine and surgery and is a skilled and discriminating member of the profession. He is medical examiner for several life insurance oini])anies and for .\l;ignolia Lodge No. lo^, Ancient Order of Tnited Workman, of which he is a valued member, while he is also identi- fied, with Chester Hill Lodge Xo, 737. Inde- IH-ndent Order of Odd b'ellows, and Wavnes- l)urg Tent No. 20. Knights of the Maccal^ees. The maternal grandmother of Mrs. U'or- rall bore the maiden name of Susan Haves, and she was a first ccnisin of the lafe President Rutherford B. Ha\'es. Her paternal grand- f.'ither. William Jewell, was of Scotch ances- try and came to Ohio from Pbiladel]ihia, Pennsyhania, in an early day, having for a number of years been engaged in the shoe busi- ness, wdiile in later years he devoted his at- tention to farming. He serveil in the L'nion army during the war ot the Rebellion. Her maternal grandfather, Henry Iku-rows who was a grandson of Captain Barrows, of the Revolution, was a miller by vocation. In pol- itics the Doctor gi\es his allegiance to the Re- publican party. The}- have a jileasant home in Magnolia and take a iM-ominent part in the .social life of the community, in which their friends are in number as their acquaintances. f^KTF.R H. BARR is- a native of Stark county, Ohio, and the youngest in a family of fi\-e children, whose parents were b>sci)li a!id IClizabeth (Dollerer) Barr. the fatlier l)orn in La'icaster county, Pennsylvania, the mother in Adams count\ , the same state. Jo- cph Ikirr liecame a resident of Stark countv. Ohio, as early as iS.-;-', settling at Paris, where he ])urcliase(l land and engaged in farming, w-hich location he continued to the end of his days. In connection with agriculture, he also conducte(' an undertaking establishment at Paris for a '.lumber of years and niet with fair success in his business afi'airs, liaxing been a man of intelligence, energy and sound judg- ment. He died in iS.] 1 , lijs wife surviving him a number of years, departing this life at tiie ad\'anced age of ninety-three. The following are the names of their children. Henrv. John. Eliza, Andrew- and Peter H., all of whom .spent the greater part of their lixes in Stark countv. Peter PL Barr was lii>rn on the familv h(.)niestea(l. near Paris, Sejitember :5. 1836. and there spent the early }-ears as a farmer's bo_\-. laboring in the fields in the summer time and 8i6 OLD LANDMARKS of winter seasons attending tlie village school. He remained at home until about twenty years of age, and then started out to make his own way, leaving his native place on ]\Iarch 4, i8,'^6, the day of President Buchanan's inaugu- ration, and going to South Bend, Indiana, where he shortly afterwards secured a position in the office of the Studebaker JManufacturing Com- pany. The mammoth establishment into which this enterprise has since grown, being now the largest wagon and \ehicle factory in the world, was then a small concern and so de- lighted were the proprietors with the ability and gentlemanly demeanor of their new clerk, that the}- urged upon him to continue with them permanently and take an interest in the business. One of A'Ir. Barr's early acquain- tances in South Bend was Schuyler Colfax, afterwards C(ingressman and vice-president of tlie United States, between wh(im and himself a warm friendship sprang up, which continued unbroken as long as that gentleman lived. Much to the regret of the Studebakers. Mr. Rarr, after two years of efficient and faithful service, during a part of which time he was traveling auditor for the company, resigned his position and, returning to Stark county, engaged in the drug trade at Canton, purchas- ing an interest in the oldest establishment of the kind in the city. The drug business to which he succeeded was established as early as 1.S45 or 1846, by a German by the name of \Vitting, after whose death, about 1850, it ])assed into the hands of Dr. Conrad J. Geiger, witli whom the suljject effected a copartner- ship, as above noted, which lasted until 1862. Jn the latter year Mr. Barr opened a drug house in Alliance, where he conducted a very successful business until 1876, when he re- turned to Canton and bought the establishment with which he had formerly been connected, his old partner. Dr. Geiger, having died oji January 6th of the preceding year. He has managed the house very successfully ever since, and is now not only the pioneer druggist of Canton, but also one of the city's oldest and most highly esteemed business men. The es- tablishment, which he personally manages, has had a continuous existence for considerably more than a half century, during which time it has kept prominently to the front and is to- day one of the solid, reliable and popular houses of the kind in this part of the state, commanding a full share of patronage and en- joying a reputation which has always been honorable and a credit to the city. In addition to the drug business, Mr. Barr has been identified at different times with other enterprises, notably among which is the City National Bank of Canton, an institution he assisted in organising and which he served for a number of years as president, having been the first man elected to that position. Later he took an active interest in establishing the Cen- tral Savings Bank, of which he was also made president and to the success of which he con- tibuted greatly by his infiuence, correct busi- ness methods and superior executive abilit}-. For many years he was a director of the Fair- mount Orphans' Home of Alliance, in the man- agement of which excellent institution he still manifests a lively interest and of which he is at the present time a director. Mr. Barr, in the year 1859. contracted a matrim.onial alliance with Miss Ada Franklin Geiger. daughter of Dr. Conrad J. Geiger. his old business associate and at one time a prom- inent physician of Canton. Dr. Geiger was bornabout 1810 in Eppingen. duchy of Baden, Germany, came to the United States with his parents, when a boy, and was reared on In- dian Run, \yhere his father took up land and engaged in farming, the family being one of the earliest in that locality. Dr. Geiger studied medicine at Massillon, this county, under Dr. Bowen, became in due time one of the leading- physicians and surgeons of Canton, and, as already stated, conducted a successful drug CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 817 business for some years, in connection with his profession. He married Miss Lydia Ann Adams, a near relative of President John Ouincy Adams, and reared several children, who became useful members of society and Iionorable in their respective spheres of life. 'J\:i the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Barr seven children have been born, namely : Minnie L., Winnie G., wife of George P. Pettitt, United States consul at Dusseldorf, Germany; Daisy D., now Mrs. U. S. Johnson, who lives in Canton ; Fannie, also a resident of this city, is the wife of C. W. Keplinger; Bessie married George Kimbark and lives in the city of her liirth; Fred, teller of the Central Savings Bank, married Clara Wikidal, the youngest of the family being Marie E., who is unmarried and still lives with her parents. In 1899 Mr. Barr and wife made an exten- sive tour of Europe, during which they trav- eled over a number of countries and visited many places of interest, among them being the old home of his father-in-law in the kingdom of Baden. The trip was not only interesting, but to a gentleman of Mr. Barr's intelligence and wide reading exceedingly instructive, both he and his w-ife having greatly enjoyed the outing and returning from it much refreshed ill body and mind. Mr. Barr has been an lionored member of the Masonic brotherhood for many years, and now holds the title of past-master of Canton I-odge, having also served as eminent com- mander of tiie commandery. Knights Templar. Religiously he was reared in the Evangelical Euth.eran faith and is still a faithful and con- sistent member of the church, as is also his wife, bofh being active in all lines of work under the auspices of the congregation with which they are identified. In politics he is a Republican, having cast his first presidential \ote for Abraham Lincoln, since which time he has neven wa\ered in his allegiance to his party. 51 WILLIAM HASSOLDT.— This gentle- man, for many years a prominent Ijusiness niau of Canton, but now deceased, was born iit Hesse Darmstadt, Germany, on Ai)ril 21, 182 1. His father, Conrad Hassoldt, also a native o£ that country, spent all of his life in the father- land, as did also the mother, both of whonx now sleep in the old cemetery in which is mingled the dust of several generations of their ancestors. As soon as old enough the subject entered the schools of his native place, and, being designed for the ministry, subsequently" prosecuterl his studies in one of the colleges of Darmstadt, receiving in due time a finishecl. education. For some reason he decided not to take holy orders, but instead applied him- self to the tailor's trade and soon became ef- ficient thereat, after which he worked at \ari- ous places in his native land, finally making: his way to Switzerland, where he followed hi? chosen calling for a number of years. Not long after his arrival in the latter country Mr.. Hassoldt formed the acciuaintance of an es- timable young lady by the name of Sophie Richard, who was born in the city of Neauf- chatel, June 29, 1824, and between whom and himself a tender attachment soon sprang up, which eventualh- led to their marriage. Aftei* working at his trade in Switzerland until 1847,^ Mr. Flassoldt decided to go to America, ac- cordingly, on May 22d of that year, in com- pany with his wife and others, he took passage- at Antwerp, on the sailing ship "Juniata," Captain Shields, of Boston, commanding, anc? after a \nyage of eight weeks duration landed at the harbor of New York. .Vfter seven months in that city, he came to Stark county and settled in Canton township, about four miles south of Canton, where he taught a Ger- man school for a short time, then entered the emplo}' of a tailor in Canton by the name of Nichols Bour, in wdiose establishment he con- tinued for some time, later engaging \vith Ab- salom Kitt. Being a fine workman, his repu- 8i8 OLD LANDMARKS tation soon attracted a large number of cus- tomers to the shops where he was employed, many jieople coming- long distances to have him cut and make their garments. In due time he started a tailoring" estaljlishment cf his (jwn, A\hich from the beginning was liberally pat- ronized, although during the first few years he was obliged, by reason of the great scarcity of money, to take produce and different articles of trade as pay for his work. In 1856 he mo\'ed his famih to the cit}-, and during the ensuing three years lived on East Tuscarawas street, at the end of that time changing his abode to a small frame building which stood on the i)resent site of the St. Edward's Hotel. After spending three years at the latter loca- tion, he mo\'ed into a brick building on South Market street, which he subsequently pur- cliased and remodeled with extensi\e altera- tions and additional im])ro\ements, nut only converting it into a beautiful and imposing dwelling, but adding greatly to its \alue also. ]\Ir. Hassoldt's business CDUtinuing to grow, he was soon al)le to start a merchant tailoring es- tablishment, and. with the timely assistance of his good wife, this in due time became one of the leafling places of the kind in the city. Ele built up a large and lucrative trade, which, by rea.son of the excellence of his w'orkmanship and the high grade of his goods, grew in magnitude and importance as the years went by until in the course of years he found him- self the |)(issessor of a handsome fortune and able to retire from active wrirk. 'Sir. Hassoldt made a numljer of ju.dicious investments in Canton real estate, which subsequentlv be- camt rpiitc valuable and in this way no small portion of his wealth was acquired. He erected next to his residence a fine brick block, which has since been known as the Hassoldt lili)ck, in addition to which he also ymi u]) a nuiul)er of tenement houses in other parts of the city, the rental from the different proper- ties returning him a handsome income. When a youth, Mr. Hassoldt united with the Evangelical church and. as already indi- cated, was educated with the object in view of entering the ministrv. Although giving' up that profession, he remained ever after^vards a true and devoted Christian, and after be- coming a resident of Canton joined the Re- formed church, of which Rev. Herbruck was for so manv years the belo\ed pastor. He was a member of the choir of this congreg'ation for seventeen years, assisted in getting up many public entertainments for the different churches of Canton, both Protestant and Cath- olic, and, lieing a fine vocalist, his services were in almost constant demand. He was deeply and fervently religious, and demon- straterl his piety in his relations with his fellow men, his character having been above re- liroach. and liis honor and integritv unques- tioned. In politics he was stanchlv Demo- cratic, but he ne\-er entered the arena of par- tisan afl:'airs nor asked any official positi(in at the hands of iiis fellow citizens. Fraternally he was a prominent Mason, and a charter mem- ber of tlie (ierman Odd Fellows r)rder. Mr. and Mrs. Hassoldt reared a family of five children, th.c oldest of whom, a son by the name of William, married Miss Lelia Ander- son, and lives in Canton : they have three chil- dren. \\z: Bertha. Carrie and Lucv : ranline, who also resides in this city, is the wife of Thomas Tomer and thev have two children, Stella and Elsie : Emma married Frank Jay, of Canttin, and Eina is the wife of Ednumd Groetzinger. and the mother of three chil- dren, viz: Alice, ncjw ]\lrs. Harry Hiles, Emma and Gretchen. The youngest of the f;nuih- was Bertha, wife of Thomas Keefer, of Canton, Ixith she and her husband being deceased. The\" were the parents of two chil- (l'"en, 1vul)\- and Sophie, who make their bonie with ]\Irs. Jay. The iwrents o\ ]\Irs. Hassoldt came to the United States in 1830 for the purpose of join- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 819 ing their daughter, but the fatlier. receiving a fatal injury aboard tlie ship in which they took passage, died in a Xew York hospital shortly after landing. -His wife, whose maiden name was Marie Raunseir. survived him many years, dying at the home of one of her sons in Bethlehem township. Stark county, at the advanced age of ninety-one. ]\[r. Hassoldt lived to be sixty-six years old, and departed this life on April 21, 1888, honored and es- teemed by all who knew him. his loss being tleei)ly dei:ilored in Canton and throughout the county of Stark. EDWIN D. Sl'REB. farmer and mer- chant, is a nati\'e of .Stark county, Ohio, born on the paternal homestead in Canton town- ship, Octol^er 8, 1850. Peter Streb, his father, a native of Germany, came to the I'nited States at the age of twenty and located at New Ber- lin, Stark county, where he worked for a num- ber of years at the blacksmith trade- He was a skillful mechanic and in addition to his regu- lar line of work made all kinds of farming tools and implements, and it is stated that the lirst buggy springs ever used in Canton were manufactured in his shop. Peter Streb was twice married, the first time at New Berlin, and after the death of this lady he chose for a companion and helpmeet Miss Mary Frantz, who bore him chddren as follow"s : Frances, now Mrs. Frederick Kemery, of Findlay, this state; Elizabeth, who became the wife of Henry Martin, of Mapleton, and died at that place: Josephine, wife of William Thouvenin, of Stark county ; Edwin D.. of this review ; Joseph, a resident of Canton, and Nettie, an \inmarried lady, living in this county. After spending a number of years in New Berlin and acquiring a comfortable competence from bis trade, Air. Streb purchased a farm south of Buck Hill, in Canton township, to wdiich be remoyed shortly after bis second marriage and in which the remainder of his life was spent, dying there in 1880. He was a quiet, law- abiding citizen, a Democrat in politics, a mem- ber of St. Peter's Catholic church and in every relation of life a most excellent and praisew(irtb\' man. His widow, also a devout Catholic, and a lady of excellent standing, now resides in the city of Canton. Edwin D. Streb was blessed witli excellent parental training, added to which the whole- some and invigorating discipline of the farm had much t(5 do in forming his character and shaping his future course of life. At the proper age he entered the Buck Hill school, near his home, where he enjoyed for some time the instruction of Miss Sarah Stay- er, his first teacher, and later continued his studies at the same place until eighteen years of age, making substantial progress the mean- while. Quitting school he assisted with the farm Avork until the death of his father, at which time, when about twenty-one years old, he entered the old Buck Hill Mill to learn the trade of flour making. After serving the full time with the Rank Brothers, proprietors of the above establishment, he follo\ved his chosen calling at different ]">laces during the ensuing six years, and at the expiration of that time boug'ht twelve acres of ilne land, south of the Aultman Hospital, and engaged in market gardening, to which line of work he de\-oted his attention very profital)l_\- until iqoo. Disposing of his gardens at a good figure in that year, Mr. Streb purchased the Max- well farm, consisting of thirty-six acres lying between Navarre and ^lassillon streets, Can- tt;>n. which be cultivated with liberal financial results until the summer of 1902, when he erected a combined dwelling and Inisiness house on the corner of Navarre and Garfield avenues, where he has since carried on mer- cb.andising' in connection with agricultural pursuits. 820 OLD LANDMARKS Mr. Streb is not alone in business, having a partner by the name of Herman Goodman, who looks mainly after the interests of the large general store which they own, the sub- ject devoting the greater part of his attention to the farm. The latter is being successfully conducted and yields every year a liberal in- come, the store also proving a fortunate ven- ture, having a large and lucrative patronage, which is steadily growing in magnitude. Mr. Streb is a man of great energ}- and his well- directed industry has placed him in a situation of comparative independence. He exercises good judgment in his business affairs, his deal- ings with his customers and witli the trade in general are upright and honorable, and the po- sition he now occupies in commercial circles has given him a reputation in e\'ery respect eminently worth)'. Personally he is quite pop- ular, having a large acquaintance in the city and throughout the county, all \\ith whom he has bus-iness or other relations speaking in complimentary terms of his many estimable qualities and characteristics. Politically Mr. Streb votes the Republican ticket, but being- more of a business man than a politician, his ambitions have never been aroused by a desire for office or public station. Born a Catholic and reared in that faith, be has always remained loyal to the mother church, at this time being a member of St. Mary's parish and a regular at- tendant of its stated services. Mr. Streb is a married man, his wife ha\-ing formerly been Miss Mary ;\ionnot, of Louisville, Ohio, daughter of L. V. Monnot, a well known and much respected resident of the city. The union, which was solemnized in the year 1882, al- th')ugh without issue, has been a very happy one, both husband and wife moving in respect- .able circles and being \-ery highly esteemed by a large number of friends and acquaintances in the city of their residence and elsewhere. Mr. Streb is a member of the Protected Home Circle. WAI.TP:R ANDREWS.— Catering to a large and r:e])resentative patronage and stand- ing exponent of a line of industry of marked importance in any populous community, the Andrews Baking Company, of Canton, has at- tained a high degree of success and prestige under the able management of Walter An- drews, who is the head of the concern and one of the well known and honored business men of the city of Canton. In the year 1890 Mr. Ancb'ews engaged in the baking business on Cherry street, his operations at the start being conducted upon a modest scale, but by careful business methods and the outputting of a su- perior class of goods he soon Iniilt up a good trade, which has ever shown a cumulative ten- dency. In 1892, to accommodate his increas- ing business, ]\Ir. Andrews purchased his pres- ent eligible and well equipped quarters at 210 South Market street, providing' the same with the requisite accessories for the facile carrying on I if the business. He piuxhased the property at sheriff's sale, and it is somewhat singular that he later sold the property and repurchased it again under similar conditions, retaining it for a time and then repeating the operation when the sheriff again placed it upon the mar- ket, it thus seeming evident that bis interposi- tion has been demanded to make the business a success. He has attained prosperit\- thrdugh his individual efforts, ha\ing been indefatigable in his efforts and progressive in bis policy. He manufactures all lines of bakery goods and caters to both the wholesale and retail trade, operating from six to ten wag'ons during the year, while his corps of emplo}-es has at times reached an ag'gregate of twenty-eight individ- uals, from which statements ma}' be gained an idea of the proportions of the trade which the establishment controls. In the process of man- ufacture an average rif one hundred barrels of flour is utilized each week. IMr. Andrews is a native of England, hav- ing been born in Essex county, on the 8th of CANTON AND STARK COUNT V, OHIO. 821 January, 1843, ^"'^ having- there passed his lx)yhoo(l days, receiving a common-school edu- CPtion. He then went to the city of London, having pre\iously served an apprenticeship of three years at the baker's trade, receiving- no \^•ages during- this interval but laying the foun- dation for his future success I)}' acquiring an intimate and thorough ]ut 184J he came to .Stark county and purchased about sixty acres of land in section 14. Wash- ington township. Though they suljsequently made one or more changes of abode, they con- tinued to reside in this townshl]) until the time of their death and were ln'iiurcd pujneers of this section. Enos Hilles was reared to the age of six- teen Aears in his native county in Pennsylvania, and then accompanied his parents on their re- UKnal to Mahoning county, Ohio, and later to Stark county, where he personally purchased a small farm, of about twenty acres, in section 14. Washington township. In 1853 he pur- chased a farm in section i, this township, and forth.with removed to the same, the property being now owned bj' his son. the subject of this sketch. lie resided on this homestead until within a few years of his death, when he took up his home with our subject. Enos Plilles CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 825 ■\vas a mail of exceptional intellectual ability and mature judgment, a close student of the questions of the hour and able in dialectics and in debate, while as a public speaker he proved himself forceful and convincing. He was one of the wheel-horses of the Republican party in his section and did effective campaign work on various occasions, while he was called upon to serve in a number of the township oftices. He was an ardent advocate of the established gold standard in connection with the govern- ment's financial polic}', and through the papers in the city of Alliance he carried on a vigorous discussion with Charles Bonsel and others on the money question. I)eing one of the first to thus strenuously advocate the gold standar'l, while in the connection he gained a high repu- tation for his masterful handling of the prob- lem, though his exertions in the line undoul)t- edlv hastened his death, as he had been for a number of years quite seriously afflicted with heart disease. He was reared in the faith of the Quaker church, and while in later years he was not formalh' identified with any religious body he never wavered in his faith in the all- wise Providence and \vas an earnest Christian, exemplifying his belief in his daily life, which was exemplary in all its relations. His death occurred about the i8th of December, i8go, and his cherished and de\(5tetl wife entered into eternal rest on the 22(1 of February, 1894, so that ill death they were not long divided. Arthur T. Hilles, whose name initiates this sketch, was reared on the homestead farm and was afforded the advantages of the public schools of tlie locality and period, after which, in 1 86 1, he was matriculated in Mount Union College, near Alliance, this county, Ijut a few months later he \\'ithdre\v to assume the re- sponsibilities and hardships involved in the call to higher duty tci which he thus barkened as a loyal son of the Republic. At this time the dark cloud of civil war, obscured the national horizon, and on the sd of Februarv, 1862, Mr. Hilles enlisted as a private in Company K, Seventy-si.xth Ohio V^olunteer Infantry, his company being recruited at Canton, and with this command he continued in active service until the close of the war, participating- in a number of the most notable conflicts incidental to the great struggle, including the battles of Fort Donelson, Pittsburg Landing, Memphis, siege of Vicksburg, Chattanooga, the Atlanta campaigni and thence with Sherman on the ever memorable march to the sea, after which his command proceeded through the Carolinas and Virginia to Washington, and, Lee having in the meanwhile surrendered and the war been declared closed, he participated in the grand review of the victorious armies in the national capital, and received his honorable discharge on the 25th of July, 1865. He was never in the hospital and never rode a mile in an ambulance during liis entire period of service, being ever found at the post of duty and making the rec- ord of a valiant and faithful .soldier. After receiving his discharge from the service Mr. Hilles returned to his home, and after liis marriage, about two years later, he purchased thirty acres of land lying" across the road from his father's homestead, and he re- tained possession of this place aliout two years and then purchased his present homestead farm, wh.ere he has ever since maintained liis home. In this farm are included one hundred acres, and he still owns the old homestead, comprising thirty-seven acres. Mr. Hilles gives his attention to diversified famiing and every portion of his farm gives evidence of scrupulous care and wise management, while the improvements of permanent order are of substantial and attractive order. Mr. Hilles is public-spirited and progressive and has the uniform confidence and regard of the commu- nity. He has given a stalwart allegiance to the Republican party, and has been called to vari- ous local offices of trust and responsibility, hav-' ing .ser\'ed several terms as township trustee 826 OLD LANDMARKS and also as justice of tlie peace. In connection with his agTicultural industry he lias for sev- eral years devoted s[)ecial attention to the feeding- of cattle and placing the same on the market, and in this way utilizes the major por- tion of the products of his farm. Fraternally he vitalizes the more gracious memories of his army life and keeps in touch with his old com- rades in arms by holding" membership in the Grand Army of the Republic, being identified with John C l-'renmnt Post Xo. ^42, in tlie cit\' i)f Alliance. On the nth of September, 1807, Mr. IJilles was united in marriage to Miss Phoebe A. Lillew who was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, being a daughter of the late Ellis N. Lilley, who was numbered among the l)ioncers of Washington county, Pennsylvania, where his death occurred. Mr. and Mrs. Hilles became the parents of three children, namely: Frank E., who is a successful farmer of Wash- ington township: Lilly M., who became the wife of Victor (inittard, and died in June, iijoj. being- survixed by one child. Arthur J.; and l'.lizal)eth. wIkj remains at the parental home. While Mr. and Mrs. Hilles are not meniijers of any church, they nevertheless identify themselves with Christian jjrinciples and carry the regard and esteem of the com- nnmity at large. WASHINGTON R. REEVES was born in Greene county. I'ennsylvania. on tlie nth of May, 18J7. As a mere boy he began to de- ]jend u])on bis own efforts for a maintenance, and his natru-al inecbanicd aliilitv was turned to u«e in divers directions, since he learned sev- eral trades, though he devoted the major por- tioii of his active life to work as a carpenter and nincbinist. As a mason be set the sti.ine in the locks of the Ohio canal at New I'hiladel- piu'a. On the 7th of Ai)ril, iS^g. in Ganton, Ohio, whither be came as a voung man, he was united in marriage to Miss Ann Baxter, a sis- ter of the late William Baxter, who was one j of the early sheriffs of Stark county, she ha\-- ing- been Ixjrn in Canton, on the 7th of May. 1822. After his marriage Mr. Reeves con- tinued to reside for some time in Canton, where his eldest child was born, and then he removed to Salem, this state, while later he resided again in Canton, as well as in Bethlehem (now Na- \-arre ) , this county. During his residence there he built one of the first steam engines ever con- structed in this section of the country, the same continuing in use for a period of forty years. He was for some time employed in LairdV foundry and machine shops in Canton, and wliile thus engaged he invented the tubular- arch brid,ge, a great im])ro\-ement o\er the Aarious types then in use. l"or a time after his marriage he also resided in the city of Colum- bus, where he owned an interest in a sawniill. He later associated himself with David Ham- mond in the manufacture of bridges, under the firm name of Hammond & Reeves and with headquarters in Canton. Later on a stock com- pany was formed, under the title nf the ^^'rought Iron Bridge Comi)any. and Mr. Reeves sold his interest in the enterprise about the time of the organization of this compan}-. while from that period until his death be lived ])ractically retired fr(jm acti\e business. Mr. Reeves was for forty -five _\-ears ideiuihed with the Masonic fraternitv. ha\-ing- been initiated in Bethlehem Lodge, from which he \\as later dimitted to the lodge in Canton. He was a Democrat in his political adherency until the organization of the Re]niblican ])art\-, when he identilied himself therewith and e\er afterward remained a stanch ,-i(l\ocate of its ])rinciples. Of the children ot Mr. and .Mr.-,. Reeve- we incorporate brief record, as follows: \\ ill- iam G. enlisted as a member of Company 1-. Fourth Ohio N'nlnnteer Infantry, at the out- break of the war .if the Rel)ellion. and he died at Harrison's Landing, while in the ser\-ice, at CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 827 the age ut twenty-one years; Catherine E. he- came the wife of Michael Adler, and after his death married George Mox'cr, and tlie}- now re- side in L'niontown, Ohio; Sarah Jane is the wife of John Bhim, of Canton; James L. is deceased ; John \\'esle\ . deceased ; Mary Jo- sephine is the wife of E. W". Nichols, of La- chine. Canada; Ann Eliza, deceased; Harriet Ellen is the wife of Edward Adler, of Canton; Charles W'., deceased; h'rancis B., deceased; Homer A., deceaseel;. Charles, deceased; and IJlvsses Shcrriian, who resides in the city of Can.lon. The [parents were consistent and zealous memhers of the Methodist Episcopal church and were numbered among the sterling pioneers of Stark county. The father of the subject was William Reeves, who wa'; born in renns)-l\ani;i on the 1st of December, ^777- and he atisfact< ir)- inanner un- til the exjiiratioii of his su])erior's term. Later he re-entered the revenue service, receiving his ap]joiulment under the McKinle\" administra- tion. Jul}' I. i8(j7. and holding the s.ame to date. In the discharge of his official functions Mr. Slnsser has met with many interesting ex- ])eriences. thrilling ;if his life. There he reared his chiUlren. one of whom was Samuel Patterson, the grandfather of the subject, and he, too, passed his entire life in that section of the old Keystone state. Robert D. Patterson, father of the subject, was of the third generation of his family in Pennsylvania, having been born on the parental homestead in Mercer count}', and was there reared to manhood. He received excellent edu- cational advantages and became a man of ma- ture judgment and marked influence in the community where he \\\&\ and labored to so goodly ends, ha\ing been a prominent and suc- cessftil farmer. He ser\ed for many years as justice of the peace and was also incunilient of \'arious other offices of Incal trust and responsi- bility. His wife, \\hose maiden name was Mary M. Pinkerton, was born in Lawrence county, Pennsylvania, being a daughter of James Pinkerton, who was a stone mason l)y trade and who was one of the influential farmers of Lawrence county, where he died. The father of the suliject died on the old Pinkerton homestead, in that county, in 1889, at the age of sixty-six years, and his cherished and de\'oted wife survi\-es him, residing in 1 New Castle, Pennsyhania, and ha\ing attaineul)Hc schools of that locality un- til he had attained the age of se\-enteen years, when he was matriculated in Grove City Col- lege, at Grove City, Pennsylvania, where he continued his studies for one year, taking a normal course and preparing himself for teach- ing. He initiated his pedag'ogic career when eighteen years of age, teaching in the district schools of his native county for ahout a year, while in the following year, to still further fortify himself for his chosen work, lie took a course of study in the normal department of Westminster College, at New Wilmington, Pennsylvania. During the ensuing three years he was a successful and popular teacher in the public schools of Mercer and Lawrence coun- ties and the following year he had charge of a mercantile establishment at New Castle, Penn- sylvania. In the spring of i8c)j Mr. Patterson came to Canton and here effected the purchase of an interest in the Actual Business College, on the 20th of September, 1893. He at once actively identified himself with the practical work of the institution, and through his eft'orts its standard was greatly raised. In i8(>7 the institution was consolidated with the Cantrm Business College, the name of the former Ijeing retained, and at the time of the attending re-organizatinn Mr. Patterson was elected \ice-president and treas- urer of the institution, in \^hich dual office he has since continued to ser\e, while, in addition to his more i)urel_\- administrative duties, he is also the efficient jirincipal of the short-hand de- partment of the school. The institution has gained a high re])utation and its support has been cumulative, while its usefulness can not I'e ii\-erestimated. The suiiject is a memlier of the National Teachers' .Association, of the Ohio Commercial and Special Teachers" As- sociati(Mi and of the Gregg Association of America, in politics he exercises his franchise in the support of the principles and policies of the Republican party, and his religious faith is indicated in his membership in Caharv Presbyterian church. In the city of Canton, on the J5th of August, 1897, ^^'i'' solemnized the marriage of Mr. Patterson to Miss Helen Reid, who was Ixirn in Ireland, where she was reared to the age of sixteen years, when she accompanied her parents, Robert M. and Margaret (Moody) Reid, on their removal to America, the family taking up their aliode in Canton, where Mr. Reid died in 1901, his widow still maintaining her home in this city. Mr. and Mrs. Patterson ha\-e two children, Margaret Teresa, who was born on the 25th of June, 189S. and Mary E\aleen, whose birtli occurred October 6, 1902. ■*—¥■ AlATN T. DENNIS, dealer in real estate and msurance and commanding a lucrative patronage in botli hues of business, is a native of Carroll county. Ohio, where his birth oc- curred on September 21. 1865. Paternally Mr. Dennis is descended from Irish ancestors, who came to the Cnited States at a \'ery early date, the family later settling in Carroll county, Ohio, where the su1>ject's grandparents, Cyrus and Mary (Hart) Dennis are still living, both lieing ovev ninety years of age. It is a fact worthy of ncite that there has never been a death in the immediate family, all of their eig'ht children lieing alive at the time of this writing, the majority of them well ad\-anced in ye;irs. W illiam Dennis, father of the subject, was born in Carroll county and is still an honored resident of the same, being a farmer by occupation, and well-to-do in ]5oint of ma- terial wealth. His wife. Caroline Taylor, is a native of Columbiana county, and the daugh- ter of Jacob and "Mary Taylor, who were pioneers of that part of the state, and among 832 OLD LANDMARKS the most highly esteemed people of the com- munity in which they lived. Alvin T. Dennis -was reared on a farm, early l^ecame acquainted with the duties of agriculture and enjoyed the best educational advantages his neighborhood afforded, attend- ing school the greater part of the time until his twentieth year. He remained at home until the age of twenty-two, when he purchased a farm and engaged in the pursuit of agriculture upon his own responsibility until 1893, at which time he disposed of his real estate and accepted the position of trax'eling salesman for a commercial fertilizing company of Boston, Massachusetts. While representing the inter- ests of this concern on the road, he worked insurance as a side issue, and finding the latter nil ire protitalile than his regular business, he aljandoned the former at the expiration of about six years and in the summer of 1899 o]jened an insurance and real estate office in the city of Canton. Since that year his patron- age has steadily increased until he is now re- garded as one of the leading men in his line in this part of the state, his real estate business lieing large, far reaching and lucratixe. his sales running far up int(_i tlie thousands every month. .Mr. Dennis represents the Equitable l.ife Insurance Company of Des Moines, Iowa, and his honorable business methods, together with his prompt and satisfactory adjustment of losses, have attracted to him a large number of patrons, his energy and honorable dealings as a real estate man also prompting many people of the city and throughout the county to place their property in his hands for disposal. He has a hue suite of offices in the Folwell build- ing and his encouraging success, since engag- ing in business only a short time ago, leads his friends to predict for him a still larger ])atronage and cnntinucd prosperitv in vears to come. Mr. Dennis has taken an active interest in public and political affairs ever since old enough to read and think intelligently, and as an eanrest and enthusiastic Democrat he has been an iniluential factor in his party, con- tributing not a little to its success in Canton and Stark couni). In 1903 he was nominated for the office of sheriff and at this writing is maknig an energetic and thorough canvass of the county, v ith e\ery prospect of greatly re- ducing the formidable strength of the oppo- sition if not being successful in the ensuing election. Mr. Dennis subscribes to the Metho- dist faith and holds membership with the church of that denomination at Minerva, this county, of whicli his wife was also a member. His fraternal relations are represented by the Odd Fellows order, in which he enjoys a hig'h personal standing and in which he has also been honored witli different official positions. 3ilr. Dennis is an intelligent, wide-awake, enterpris- ing gentleman, who numbers his friends by the score and who is highly esteemed in social as well as in business circles. As a citizen he dischargees his duty to the best of his ability', and in whatever relation considered, his life and conduct have been honorable and singular- ly free from fault, and in the main eminently worthy of emulation. His wife, whose maiden name was Ella Brogan. was untimely called away, her death, which was mourned by all who knew her. occurring January 18, 1902. She was a daughter of Morris and Mary Brog"an, and bore her husband three children. Ethel, Floyd L. and Bessie, of whom the first named is deceased. HENRY F. ROTH is a son of Peter F. and Elizabeth rShriver) Roth, both of whom were likewise nati\-es of Stark county, the former ha-\-ing been bom on the 29th of De- cember, 1820, while the latter was born on the 1 6th of March. 1824. The great-grandfather of the subject on the paternal side was a nati\-e of Germany, whence he emigrated to the United CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 835 States when a young man, and became one of the pioneer farmers of Canton township, Stark county, where both he and his wife died. The Shriver family is of English extraction and was early established in the state of Virginia, whence representatives of the name have gone forth into divers sections of the Union. Peter F. Roth was reared to manhood in this county and became a successful farmer of Canton township, his place being located a few miles sout'h of Canton. About 1858 he removed to Pana, Christian county, Illinois, and later he resided for varying intervals at various points in the state of Missouri. At the time of the Civil war, however, he was a resident of Pana, Illinois, and on the 30th of September, 1862, he tendered his services in defense of the I'nion, enlisting as a private in Company H, One Hundred and Sixteenth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, with which he proceeded to the front, rendering \'aliant service for one year and sac- rificing his life on the altar of his country, his death resulting from an attack of fever. He ]jasscd away at Memphis, Tennessee, on the /\h of November, 1863, and his remains were taken back to Pana, Illinois, where they were interred with military honors. He was a man of spotless reputation and held the esteem of all who know him. His marriage to Elizabeth Shri\'er was solemnized, in Canton, on the 13th of October. 1842, and of their seven children, two of whom attained maturity, the subject of this sketch is now the only survivor, having been the fifth in order of birth. The names of t'le others are here entered according to preced- ence in nativity : Mary Magdaline. Franklin, Hiram, Christian, Sarah, and George Wash- ington. ""The devoted wife and mother was summoned into eternal rest on the 27th of De- cember, 1854, and her remains are interred in the Rowland cemetery, in Canton. Both she and her husband were zealous members of the derman Reformed church, and the former was a stanch supporter of the Republican party 52 from the time of its organization until his death. Henry V. Roth, the immediate subject of this review, was born in the city of Canton, this county, on the ist of September, 1848, and thus was only six years of age at the time of his mother's death. He received his early- education in the public schools of Canton, and in 1858, when ten years of age, accompanied his father on his removal to Pana, Illinois,, while one year later he was with his father at Jeft'erson City and other points in the state of Missouri. In i860 he entered the home of his- uncle, Samuel Tillet, of Versailles, Morgan county, that state, whom he assisted in the work of the farm. Ii> November, 1861, he re- turned to Canton, where he made his home with his aunt, Mrs. Elizabeth Shriver, until .Vugust 4, 1870, at which time he removed to- his present home, at No. 1703 North Cleveland a\'enue, his marriage having been solemnized on the date noted. After returning to Cantorti he had served an apprenticeship at the painter's trade, under the direction of George Hass, and he has consecutively followed his trade, as one of the leading contractors in the line in the city, for the long period of thirty years, while he is well known throughout his native county and- has so ordered his life in all its relations as ta- command the unequivocal confidence and re- gard of all who knew him. In politics he is- stanchly arrayed in support of the principles and policies of the Republican party, which has- held his allegiance from the time when he at- tained his legal majority, and his religious faith is indicated in his membership in the First Bap- tist church, in which he held the office of deaconi for four years, his wife being a member of the Christian .Scientist church. Fraternally he is identified with the Canton Lodge No. 589, Knights of Pythias, and with North Star Lodge No. 18, Royal Arcanum, while for four- teen years he held the office of secretary of the.- Royal Arcanum. S34 OLD LANDMARKS On the 4th of August, 1870, Mr. Roth was united in marriage to Miss Ada Smith, of Can- ton, who was Ijorn in this county, being a daughter of Daniel II. and Susan (Minich) Smitli, natives respecti\ely of Plain and Canton towiisiiips. Stark county, Ohio, and both now 'leceased. Her father was for many years en- gaged in the agricultural business in Plain township. Mr. and ]ilrs. Roth have two chil- resent time. Frederick Schumacher, father of the sub- ject, was born in Baden, (iermanv, in the vear 1844. and was there reared to maturity, recei\'- ing the advantages afl-'orded in the unexcelled schcjols of the fatherland and earh' beginning an a])prenticeship at the trade of stone mason, under the et¥ective direction of his honored fa- ther. In accordance with the custom of the land he ser\-ed three ^'cars in the German army, as had also his father. In the }^ear 1868, in his native province he was tmited in marriage to ]Miss Aurelia ^^^eiIer, and shortly afterward, in [868, they set forth for America, severing the ties which bound them to friends and fa- therland that thev might establish a home in a country offering better ad\'antages for advance- 836 OLD LANDMARKS meat throiigli iiulividual effort. Landing in New York city_, they tarried but a few days in the metropoHs, whence they came directly to Canton, where INIr. Schumacher readily found employment at his trade, being a skilled and careful workman, and he continued to fol- low the same, eventually engaging in contract work on his own responsibility, until 1894, when he retired from active business, and he has been enjoying the rewards of his years of earnest toil and endeavor, having a pleasant home in Canton and having acquired a com- petence SLifiicient for the needs of himself and his cherished and devoted companion, who has been his worthy helpmeet. In politics he has given a stanch support to the Democratic party from the time of attaining the right of fran- chise, and Ijoth he and his wife are worthy members of the German Lutheran church. Their six children, all of whom are residents of the United States, are as follows: William F., the immediate subject of this sketch; Andrew, wild is a painter l)v trade in Canton; Gustave, who is a traveling representative of the East Ohio Gas Company of this city ; Leo, who is employed in the Case chair works of Canton ; and Rose and Emma, who remain at the parental home. In what was known as the (ild Mock home- stead, located at the southwest corner of Cherry and Third streets, William F. Schumacher, subject of this review, was born on the 20th of January, 1869. He attended the public schools until he had attained the age of four- teen years and then began the active duties of life, securing a position in the malleable iron works of the Gilliam Company, where he re- mained for a short interval, after which he be- gan to learn the trade of stone mason with his father, continuing to follow this as a vocation until the age of nineteen, when he found a less prosaic occupation, becoming a memljer of the band connected with the Great Northwestern circus, with which he traveled for two year: gaining much experience and surfeiting himse! sufficiently with the roving life, so that he ws not reluctant to turn his attention to other lin« of endeavor. It may be noted in the connectio that he early manifested marked native taler as a musician, and he has always manifested deep interest in the art, being particularl skilled in band work. After his career with th circus Mr. Schumacher entered the employ c the Diebold Safe Company, of Canton, wit which he remained two and one-half years, an in 1 89 1 he became first lieutenant at Statio No. 2, of the local fire department, where h rendered most efficient service for the ensuin five years, resigning the position to engage i the restaurant business, in which he has sine continued, having an attractive and we equipped establishment at 1027 East Tuscara was street and catering to a large and apprc ciative patronage. He has recently associate himself with the Stark Brewing Company, an is now holding the position of collector. In politics Mr. Schumacher has been a stal wart Democrat from -the time of attaining hi legal majority, and about 1890 he began t< take an active part in local political affairs, be ing a vigorous and enthusiastic worker in th party cause. In April, 1902, in recognition o his zeal and unmistakable eligibilitv, he wa elected to his present office as a member of th city council, as the Democratic candidate fron the third ward, and an evidence of his persona popularity was given in the gratifying majorit; which he received over the Republican candi date, who was up for a second term. He is ; member of four committees in the municipa body, namely : The committees on fire, water public lights and sidewalks. Fraternally he i identified with the Knights of P}'thias and tin Red Men, and he also holds membership, in th( Firemen's Aid Association and the Baden Ai( Society, while he is an honorary member of tin CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 837 G. A. R. Band of Canton. On June 2, 1903, he became a member of the Canton Eyrie of Eagles. In his home city, on the 12th of August, 1892, Mr. Schumacher was united in marriage to Miss Matilda Kerlein, who was born in German}-, whence she was brought by her par- ents to America in early childhood. The sub- ject and his wife have two sons, William and Charles. A. HURRAW & SON.— Albert Hurraw is a nati\e son of Stark county, having been born in the village of Wilmot on the 27th of July, 1845, ^ son of John and Elizabeth (Mc- Clintock) Hurraw, the former of whom was burn in Somerset county, Pennsylvania, and the latter in Holmes county, Ohio, whence she accompanied her parents, James and Mary (Clark) McClintock, on their removal to Sugar Creek township. Stark county, in the year 1832, her father entering a claim of one hundred and sixty acres of heavily timbered land near the present village of Wilmot, where he reclaimed a gooti farm and where he and his wife passed the remainder of their lives, being numbered among the honored pioneers of this section. Air. McClintock was originally a Whig in pol- itics, luit espoused the cause of the Republican party at the time of its organization and took a prominent part in furthering its interests in a local way, while for many years he served as justice of the peace. He died in 1865 at the age of seventy-two years, and his wife lived to attain the age of sixty-nine years. John Hurraw came to Stark county from Pennsyl- vania when a young man, and here was sol- emnized his marriag"e to Elizabeth McClin- tock. He located in Wilmot, and here was employed for many years in the foundry of Putnam, Johnson & Company, and after his retirement he here continued to make his home until his death, which occurred on the 5th of October, 1897, at the age of eighty-two years. He was a Republican in politics and his re- ligious faith was that of the Disciples church, of which his venerable widow, who has now attained the age of eighty-two years, is like- wise a devoted member, while she still resides in Wilmot, having passed her entire life in Stark county. John Hurraw was a man who lived a life of signal industry and usefulness, and his sterling integrity and honor gained and retained to him the unqualified confidence and esteem of all with whom he came in con- tact. Albert Hurraw was reared and educated in the village in which he now maintains his home and after he attained years of maturity he en- gaged in the slate roofing business, in which he continued for the long period of twenty-six years, having held and filled many important contracts throughout the county and in other sections of the state. At the expiration of more than a quarter of a century he retired from this line of enterprise, selling the business to the firm of Mullet & Keefer, and in January, 1902, in company with bis son, John P., he es- tablished his present business, in which they are building up a satisfactory trade, while he personally may well be regarded at the present time as one of the pioneer business men of the town. In politics Mr. Hurraw has ever given a stanch support to the principles and policies of the Republican party, with whose aims he was strongly in sympathy at the time when the party stood as the exponent of an undivided Union during the crucial epoch of the Civil war. At this time Mr. Hurraw manifested his intrinsic loyalty by enlisting, in January, 1865, as a private in Company C, One Hundred and Eighty-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with which he served until victory had crowned the Union arms, when he received his honorable discharge, the regiment having been attached to the Army of the Cumberland and having served principally in the state of Tennessee. 338 OLD LANDMARKS On the 29th of December, 1871, Albert Hurraw was united in marriage to Miss Eliza- Ijetli ]"\>gle, who was born in Massillon, Ohio, being a daughter of George Fogle, who was here engaged in molding for many years, and who is now dead. Mr. and Mrs. Hurraw have only one child, John P., who is associated with his father in business, as has already been noted. John P. Hurraw was born in W'ilmut, this count)', on the 8th of October, 1878, and here he received his educational training in the ex- cellent graded schools, in which he was gradu- ated at the age of eighteen years, after which he assisted his father in his business operations until the time when he was admitted to the present firm of A. Hurraw & Son, and he has proved himself a progressive and discriminat- ing young business man and. like his father, enjoys unequivocal confidence and esteem in the community where both have passed their lives. He likewise pins his political faith to the Republican party and takes a public-spir- ited interest in local afi^^airs of a public nature. On the j8th of Deceml^er, 1899, was sol- emnized the marriage of John P. Hurraw to Miss Millie Bash, who was born in Stark county, being a daughter of John Bash, a well known citizen of Sugar Creek township. MAJOR A. VIGXOS.— The father of the subject, Joseph Vigiios. though of French ori- gin, has resided in this countrv since earlv boy- hood, having reached our hospitable shores when eighteen years of age. He was of a steady and industrious disposition and early learned the trade of a carpenter and joiner. Upon reaching years of maturity he was united in marriage with ^liss Thresa Frontz, who ac- companied her parents to the United States at the age of sixteen years. Her family came from New York city to Ohio, but she remained awhile in New York. She later lived for a time in Cleveland, Ohio, but eventually came to Can- ton. She was of a deeply religious nature and wandered about, looking for a place in which to worship, at length finding the object of her search, which was the old Catholic Mission church, then standing at the corner of Fulton and Second streets. Mr. Frontz, her father, first went to Nimishillen township. Stark county, and there entered a quarter section of land near Harrisburg. He here built a house of logs in the midst of the wilderness and com- menced to clear aiid improve his tract of land. From this place the family were compelled to go to Canton afoot for their groceries and other household necessaries. There were no roads and it was necessary to "blaze" trees in order to find their way home. Joseph Vigiios, after his marriage, removed directly to Canton in 1833. He went at once into the tavern busi- ness at Louisville, at first occupying an old log house. He prospered and was subsequentls' enabled tn build a substantial brick structure, and was there engaged in the liotel business a number of years, or until the subject and his brother enlisted for service in the war of the Rebellion, w hen he retired from active Ijusiness, his death occurring about six months later. His wife survived liim a number of years, dy- ing at the age of seventy-three years. They were the parents of three children, brietlv men- tioned as follows ; Joseph, who served in the Nineteenth Ohio A'olunteer Infantry for four vears during the Ci\il war. died at Louisville, this county, in iS9art of his }-outh and early manhood in the city of Cleveland, where he remained until his twent}-second year, .\fter acquiring a thorough scholastic training in the schools of that citv, he studied abroad, spending several years in Europe, where he made a specialty of music, recei\-ing instruction fr<;)in some of the greatest master.-, of the art in Germany and other countries. i\.eturning to the L^nited States, he went uixjii the operatic stage and followed that profession for a period of twen- ty-one years, during which time he was con- nected with x'arious tmups, traveling exten- sively over nearly every state of the Union. He achieved honorable distinction as a musi- cian and v^hile on the stage enjoyed the repu- tation of one of the most skillful artists before the public. Air. Lang's operatic career terminated in 1896, at which time he retired from the stage and, returning to Canton, accepted, at the sug- gestion of his friend, Mr. Klorer, a position \\itli the Berger Manufacturing Company. Three years later lie was elected vice-president of this enterprise and has continued in that capacit}- e\-er .since, demonstrating abilit}- of a hiyli ler in the discharp"e of his official func- tions. The Langs have long been noted as a musical family, not a few of the name achiev- ing much more than local distinction, several, including the subject, attaining national repute. Mr. Lang is a gentleman of strong men- tality ,111(1 refined tastes, a reader and thinker, and ill his sjiecialty-— music — standing in the front ranks as an artist. Deeply interested in the city's industrial growth and general ma- terial prosperity, he encourages all enterprises to these ends, and as a wide-awake, progressi\'e man of the times, he occu])ies a ])roniinent place in the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens. DA\'in B. SHAFFER, of Washington townshi]-), has long enjoyed worthy prestige as a farmer, st(jck raiser and public spirited man and his life presents many lessons that should apjieal with force to the young and ris- ing generation. His ancestral history is al- luded to in the biography of Joseph Shafifer, the family of which he is a representative being one of the oldest and most widely known in this -section of the state. William Shaffer, father of the sul)ject. was l)orn in Schuylkill countv, Pennsylvania, in 1808, and when a small box- was brought to Stark county by his parents. William and Sophia Shaffer, who set- 844 OLD LANDMARKS tied in Washington township as early as 1816, the father purchasing land from the govern- ment. William, Jr., grew up at home with limited educational advantages and after his marriage with Miss Sarah Berger began farm- ing the paternal homestead. A short time aft- erwards he mo\'ed to an eighty-acre tract which had been entered for him by his father, and on this he erected a small log cabin and ad- dressed himself to the forinidable task of re- moving the virgin forest with which the land was covered. Subsequently the primitive cabin was replaced by a more comfortable and com- modious hewed-log structure and in due season the land was cleared and brought to a success- ful state of cultivation. As the years went by he added to his possessions and became one of the prosperous farmers of his township, also took an acti\-e interest in the general develop- ment of the country, besides using his influence at all times for the moral improvement of the community. Mr. Shaffer was a man of strong personality, honorable and upright in all of his dealings, honest to a fault, and his rela- tions with his fellow men were characterized by a conscientious regard for the principles of rectitude which won him the unbounded friend- ship and confidence of his fellow citizens. He stood firm for the right under all circumstances and his scruples were so exact that it has been stated he would have suffered martyrdom rather than knowingly commit the slightest wrong or defraud one of his fellows to the value of a penny. In the early days he was one of the leading Whigs in his township, but when that old party fulfilled its mission and ceased to exist he became just as ardent and active in his support of Republican principles. Mrs. Shaf- fer died in 1848, from which time until his death in June. 1902, at the advanced age of ninety-four years, two months and seven days, ]Mr. Shaffer remained a widower, his daughter Lovina keeping his house and otherwise minis- tering to his comfort and happiness. In 1882 he left his old home and, with his daughter, moved to another farm in the same neighbor- hood and it was on the latter that he spent the last twenty years of his long and useful life. Mr. Shaffer grew old gracefully and experi- enced few of the weaknesses and infirmities in- cident to advanced age. At the time of his death he was in full possession of his strong mental faculties and until his last illness he re- tained to a remarkable degree the vigorous physical powers for which he was always noted. To the end of his life he kept in close touch with the times, maintained a lively inter- est in political issues and public questions and at the advanced age of ninety-three cast his last presidential ballot for his friend and fellow cit- izen, the late William McKinley. Although not identified with any church, he was a pro- found believer of the sacred scriptures, the pre- cepts of which he ever made his rule of life. For many years he attended the United Breth- ren church in his neighborhood, an organiza- tion which profited much by his liberal finan- cial support. Mrs. Sarah Shaft'er was the daughter of Rev. Christian Berger, one of the first minis- ters of the United Brethren church to pro- claim the gospel in eastern Ohio. He was a member of the first general conference held in the United States and appears to have been influential in ecclesiastical circles, as his name is frequently mentioned in the early official records of the church in this and other states. Mrs. Shaffer was born in 181 1 in Pennsylva- nia, bore her husband six children and died in 1848 in the thirty-seventh year of her age. Her life was a beautiful example of true piety, hav- ing been reared by godly parents, and from childhood until death she was a faithful and self-denying member of the United Brethren church. Of the six children who originally constituted the family of William and Sarah Shaffer only two are living at the present time. Lovina, a maiden ladv, residing in Wash- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 845 ington township, and the subject of this re- view. iJavid B. Shaffer was born January 19, 1836, in Washington township, Stark county, anil irom that time to the present day he has lived within a short distance of his birthplace. His early experience on the farm taught him the valuable lesson of self-reliance, and there alsu were fostered and developed the strong trails of character that subsequently rendered him an influential factor in the material af- fairs and public concerns of his township and county. He was well reared and in the public schools acquired an intellectual training- which, supplemented by several years' attendance at Mt. Union College, made him one of the well educated young men of his community. When about twenty years old Mr. Shaffer began his labors as an educator, intending to make it his life work, but after teaching two teriiis he decided to withdraw from the profes- sion and devote his attention to husbandry. In 1838 he was united in marriage with Miss Ruth A. Keller, daughter of the late John Kel- ler, for many years a prominent farmer of Washington township, and during the two years following cultivated the home place for a shire of the proceeds. At the expiration of thai time he purchased a small farm of eighteen acres, on which he lived until about 18'^t-l, when he sold the place and lx)ught his present home in Washington township, which orii';inally consisted of twenty-seven and a half acres. By subsequent purchases the farm now embraces an area of fifty -five acres ©f fine till- able land, the improvements on which rank with the best in the township. Mr. Shaffer takes worthy precedence as a farmer and stock raiser and since attaining to the years of man- hoi H 1 has been one of the most enterprising and priigressive citizens of Washington. He has been especially active in organized efforts for the promotion of agriculture, being one of the leading members of Fairmount Grange, and his influence in this direction has been largely in- strumental in unifying the farming interests in this part of the country. He has labored ear- nestly with others to eft'ect a systematic co- operation among the agriculturists of the county, and that these efforts have not been altogether fruitless is attested by the rapid strides farming has made since the various or- ganizations W'Cre established. Like all good citizens Mr. Shaft'er is a politician, not in the sense of seeking ol^ce or aspiring to leadership, but to the end that the laws be properly en- forced and good local government be main- tained. He is an unyielding supporter of the Re- publican party and ever since old enough to dis- charge the duties of citizenship has been a power in local politics. He attends the various nominating conventions, and his opinions carry weight and conviction, not only in these bodies, but in the more influential personal work while campaigns are in progress. In 1861 he was elected assessor of his township and subse- quentlv held the oftice at various times, besides filling for seven consecutive terms the position of township clerk. These marks of public fa- vor were not self-sought, but were rather thrust upon ^Ir. Shaft'er by reason of his intel- ligence, judgment and peculiar fitness to dis- charge their functions. He has shown himself worthy the omlidence reposed in him by at- tending strictly to his duties in a straightfor- ward, business-like manner, his official record meeting with the unqualified approval of the people of all parties. Personally he is held in high esteem and to say that he is one of the strong-minded, public-spirited, enterprising and influential citizens of the county is to state what all who know him cheerfully testify. Himself and wife move in the best social cir- cles in the community and are alive to all good work for the general welfare of their kind, taking an actix-e part in all moral and social reforms and dispensing their charities with liberal hands. 846 OLD LANDMARKS j\Ir. and iNlrs. Shaffer are the parents of six children, iuur hving, namely: Jesse, a resi- dent of Trumbull county, this state ; Thomas, \\ho li\es in Charleston, West X'irginia; Ira, a farmer of Washington township, and Cora, who married Henry Youtz, of Stark county. Mr. and Airs. Shaffer are earnest and consistent members of the United Brethren church, both becoming members about 1857 ^"^1 have de- voted a great deal of time and monev to the cause of tlie cliurch. He has held practically all of the offices of the church, but at the pres- ent time is not holding any official positions. THOMAS POWELL was born on a farm near New Lisbon, Columbiana county, Ohio, on the 2il of November, 1820, being a son of Thomas and Mary M. (Sell) Powell, of whose eleven children he is the elder of the only two sur\-i\ors, the other being his sister Anna, who is the widow of Joseph Wallace, and resides in Washington township, being now sesenty-nine years of age. Thomas Powell, Sr., was a na- tive of tlie state of Maryland, where he was born in the year following that memorable one in which was signed the Declaration of In- dependence, and thus his childish couch was watched and guarded in the midst of alarms and the stern conflict of grim-visaged war. He was reared and educated in his native state, and there learned the blacksmith trade, but the ■\-ocation did not suit him and he there turned his attention to farming. He was mar- ried in Maryland and there five of his children \vere Ijorn. In the year 181 1 he emigrated to Ohio, whicli was at tliat time considered as being on the \eritable frontier of civilization, and he located on a tract of land near New Lis- bon, Columbiana county, securing the same on an improvement lease, which involved the clear- ing of the land and placing it under cultivation. There lie continued to reside until 1830, when he came with his family to Stark county and located on the southeast c[uarter of section 13, Washington township, the proj^erty being owned by his older sister, Elizabeth Hahn. He took a life lease of the property, and here con- tinued to make his home until his death, which occurred on the ist of October, 1846, prior to wliich tune he liad effected the reclamation ui a considerable portion of the farm. He was a Democrat in his political proclivities, but had no ambition for public office of any sort. He was in his earl\' life a member of what was commonly designated as the old "blue stock- ing" Lutheran church, but shortly prior to his demise he Jjecame a member of the Freewill Baptist chmxh, with which his wife also was identified. She was born in ^Maryland in 178J, and her deatli occurred in 1863 at the venerable age of eighty-one years. William Powell, the paternal grandfather of the subject, was a nati\-e of England, where he was reared and where he learned the trade of cooper, and as a youth he took passage on a sailing ^•essel Ijound for America, be- ing Jiound out in Paltimore to pay his passage., in accordance with a previous agreement. He eventually took u]) his residence in Maryland, where he passed the remainder of Iiis life. Thomas Powell, whose name introduces this sketch, was ten _\ ears of age at the time of his ])arents' removal to Stark county, and there fell to his portion such limited educational ad- \antages as were afforded in the pio- neer schools of Columbiana and Stark coun- ties, and he became familiar with the privations and hardshi])s necessarily incidental to pioneer life, while his \outh was filled with incessant and arduous toil and endea\'or, tor he early l^egan to render material contribution to the work of reclaiming and otherwise improving the home farm. He was twenty-six years of age at the time of his father's death, and his' mother retaining a life lease on the farm, he assumed charge of the same for her, and in 18^8 he became associated with his brother CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 84; Levi ill tiie purchase of the place, whereupun lie biult lor himself a separate residence 011 the northern side of the farm, ha\iing- been mar- ried in 1847. He continued to be actively en- g-aged ill agricultural pursuits for a long- term of years and developed one of the valuable farms of the township. In 1884 his son-in- law secured the ownership of the half interest formerly held by the subject's brother,- and in 1S95 Mr. Powell disposed of his own interest to the same son-in-law, Hiram Conrad, with whom he has since made his home, and in his \eiierable age he is living retired and in the enjoyment of the comforts and blessings which constitute the titting crown of a well spent life. He is a Democrat in politics and has al- ways taken a lively and intelligent interest in the party cause, though he has never been im- l)ued v\itli the slightest desire for official pre- ferment. He has long been a devoted and con- sistent member of the Evangelical Association, and he is today revered and honored as one of the sterling pioneers of the county, retaining the high esteem of the people of the commun- \{y in which practically his entire life has been passed. On the yth of March, 1847, Mr. Powell was united in marriage to Miss Elsie A. Wal- lace, who was born in Butler township, Colum- biana Cdunty. being a daughter of William and Elizabeth (Mall) Wallace, concerning whom iiKjre specific mention is made in the sketch of their son, John S. Wallace, appearing ipn an- other page of this v^olume. She wa^ sum- moned into eternal rest on the 21st of Septem- ber, 1862, and of her six children four are still living, namely: Emily, who is the widow of Emainiel Miller and resides at ]Mount Union, this count}- : Elizabeth, who is the wife of Hiram Conrad and with whom her father now Shakes his home; Calvin, who is a successful farmer of Columbiana county: and ]Mar\- A., who is the wife of James Maxwell, of Jefferson county. On the 28th of November, 1867, Mr. Powell consummated a second marriage, be- ing then united to Miss Lucinda Cameron, who was born in Columbiana county, being a daughter of ^Absalom Cameron, who resided in that county for a number of years but who eventurdly returned to his native state of Penn- sylvania, where he died. Mr. and Mrs. Powell have three children, namely : Margie, who is the wife of Jerome Saiior, of Columbiana county; Homer, who is an oil distiller in l-Cen- tuck}-; and Dallas, who remains w-ith his parents. Hiram Conrad, who is now- the owner of the old homestead farm, was born in Lancaster count}', Pennsylvania, lieing a son of David and Sail}- (Doup) Conrad, pioneers of that sec- tion. He w'as born on the ist of October, 184c), and was there reared and educated, growing up under the sturdy discipline of the farm. On the 19th of Eebruary, 1869, he was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Powell, daughter of the subject, and they have ever since lived on the homestead wliich he now owns, and he is known as one of the progres- sive and reliable farmers of the county and as a man of undebatable integrity in all the rela- tions of life. He is independent in politics, vot- ing for whom he thinks best qualified for office, and he and his wife hold membership in the Evangelical Association. They have eight children, concerning w-hom we offer the fol- lowing brief record : Ida is the wife of Ran- kin Wolf, of Washington township; Elsie E. is the wife of Emanuel Roose, of the same to\vnship: Ralph remains at the parental home; (jrace is the wife of George McCannon, of At- w'ater, Portage county ; and Clyde, Craig. Erank and Howard still remain bene:ith the parental roof. WESLEY KNOLL.— This native-born citizen of \\'ashington township. Stark county, Ohio, had his nativity July 7, 1857, and is a 848 OLD LANDMARKS son of George Knoll, a full history of whose life is given on another page of this volume. Wesley Knoll secured a very good common school education at Mount Union, and was later graduated from the commercial depart- ment of Mount Union College when about eighteen years of age. At nineteen he began to teach in the district schools and followed the vocation for four winters. In 1882 Mr. Knoll accepted the position of head farmer at the Fairmount Children's Home, of which he retained charge for one year. February 2, 1883, Mr. Knoll was first joined in marriage with Miss Nora J. Guthrie, and after marriage he immediately purchased his present farm from his mother. To the union of Wesley and Nora J. (Guthrie) Knoll were born two children, the elder of whom, Zella E., is a student in the high school, and the younger, Elsie, is a pupil at the Mount Union grammar school. But little more than a decade had passed when the conjugal bliss of Mr. Knoll was destroyed by the invasion of his household by death, who, on the 30th of March, 1894, bore away the soul of Mrs. Nora Knoll. After a lapse of over a year and a half of loneliness, Mr. Knoll found a second help- mate in the person of Miss Carrie A. Buck, whom he married October 22, 1896. This amiable lady is a native of Alliance, Ohio, and a daughter of the eminent Dr. Henry Buck, who for two or more terms served as mayor of Alliance, where he had enjoyed also a most remunerative practice, but is now residing in Versailles, Missouri, at the advanced age of eighty-seven years. Robert Buck, father of Dr. Henry Buck, was a native of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, was a pioneer of Ohio and one of the first settlers of Columbiana county, where he entered a farm in Knox town- ship, and had a large share in opening the country to the progress of civilization. The family of Wesley and Carrie A. (Buck) Knoll consists of two children, who are named George Henry and Charles Merrill. Mr. Knoll carries on miscellaneous farming, rais- ing the crops indigenous to the soil and cli- mate, and also breeds choice or graded live stock. In conjunction with general farming, Mr. Knoll keeps a number of Jersey cows, the product of which he disposes to the creamery of his neighborhood. In. politics Mr. Knoll is a strong Prohi- bitionist in his proclivities, but has voted with the Republican party, inasmuch as it is recog- nized as one of the two general political bodies of the land, and under the auspices of this party he has served as township clerk for seven years. Fraternally Mr. Knoll is a member of Fairmount Grange No. 1459, Patrons of Hus- bandry. His religion is that of the Methodist Episcopal church, in which he holds the office of steward and the teachings of which he and family implicitly follow. JOSIAH COR REEL, of Plain township, Stark county, Ohio, the subject of this sketch, 'is not a remarkably aged man either mentally, physically or in the number of years during which he has lived, and yet his father, John Correll, was born a few months previous to the inauguration of Washington as President, Tosiah Correll was born in Stark county, Ohio, November 19, 1836. His father was John Cor- rell, born in Adams county, Pennsylvania, Jan- uary 5, 1788, and his mother was Elizabeth I.ind. a native of Carroll county, Maryland, born in August, I794- In their native county they grew to maturity, were married and be- came the parents of children, and in May, 1834, they moved to Stark county, Ohio, and set- tled in Plain township on a farm. There two other children were born to them, of whom Josiah, the subject, is the youngest. The f^ ther died at his home in Plain township, April 15, 1859, in the seventy-second year of his age, ■while his wife survived him many years, dying MR. AND MRS. JOSIAH CORRELL. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. S49 Llarch I, 1875, when \\ithin a few months of beini;- t'ight\'-two j^ears old. In his native towjiship of Plain, Josiah Correll was reared and educated and there he has resided continuously since, with the ex- ce])tion of about three years which he spent in Canton township. He has always followed agricultural pursuits and at present is the own- er of one hundred and se\-enteen acres in three tracts. They are well improved, fenced, ditched, arid the buildings are substantial and commodiously arranged. On March 20, 1S62, Josiah Correll w'as united in marriage to Miss Mary E. Mentzer, a nati\e of Canton township, Stark county, Ohio, born March 9, 1838. She is a daughter of David and Christena (Hull) Mentzer, her father being a native of (Jhambersburg, Penn- .sylvania, while her mother was a native of Canton township, Stark county. His death occurred in Canton townsliip, hers in the cit}' of Canton. Five children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Josiah Correll, viz: Charles (irant, Edwin Sherman, Minnie May, Nettie J. and Lillie. Nettie is dead, having passed into eternity in her twenty-seventh year. Of the ele\-en brothers and sisters of the subject, but three are now living. They are Sarah J., who is the wife of Andrew Pontius, a sketch of whose career will he found in another part of this volume; Jeremiah, who is now a resi- dent of lJuc}'rus, Ohio; ^largaret, who is the wife of William Miller, of Perry township. Stark county. Those who have departed this life are Maria, Jacob N., John, Fanny, Nancy, Catherine F., Samuel and Eliza. Nancy was the wife of Isaac Ruthrautt. Catherine became the wife of Reuben Flohr, and Anna Eliza was the wife of William Essig. In pohtics, Mr. Correll is a Republican, earnest and energetic in his advocacy of the principles of that ])art}- and a firm believer in the policy of the present admini.stration and that which preceded it. Flott'ever, he has never 53 sought ])olitical preferment at the hands of his party and has only filled such local positions as his friends insisted upon his accepting. He ser\-ed as school director nine years and was a number of times a road supervisor. Fie is a luember of Canton Lodge No. 60, Free and -Vcce])ted Masons, of Canton Chapter and of Canton Connnandery No. 38. Personally, he is genial and comjianionable, unselfish almost .to a fault, kind and sympathetic to the unfor- tunate and suft'ering and charitable even be- yond his means. Idiere is no question that I'lain township and Stark county ha\e been greatly benefited by his residence of sixty-six vears \\-ithin its boundaries. liENRY STAHL.— The old Keystone state of the Union has contributed •■materially to the citizenship of Stark county, Ohio, from- the early pioneer era when here w'as instituted that ardous labor of subduing the wilderness and ushering in the march of civilization, and among the many who thus crossed o\'er the Ohio river into the newer state where a large number of the sturdy German stock which had played so important a part in the pioneer annals of the okler state. Among this number gained from Pennsylvania by Stark county is the hon- ored subject of this review, who has here made his home since his boyhood days and who is now one of the representative members of the community in Washington township, one of the most prosperous and favored sections of the county. He resides near the village of Home- worth, near the line of Col«mbiana county, and is the owner of a finely improved farm in Washington township. Stark county, and for many years was a leading carpenter and builder in this section, while he is at the present time engaged in the undertaking business. He is one of the prominent and representative citi- zens of the community and his standing is such as to deiuand for him consistent consideration S50 OLD LANDMARKS in this publication, which has to do with those who have been the founders and conservators of the county's prosperity. Henry Stahl is a native of Adams county, Pennsylvania, having been born in the imme- ■cliate vicinity of the historic city of Gettys- burg, on the 13th of December, 1824, and' be- ing a son of Samuel and Jane (Hurst) Stahl, the former of German and the latter of Irish ancestry. They became the parents of six children and of the numljer the subject of this -sketch is the eldest of the four surviving, the others being as follows: William, who is a resident of Cleveland, this state; Mary A., who is the wife of Zadock Holies, of Alliance, this county, and Sarah, who is the wife c'r Iiduic training", her nn'nd earlv re- sponded to these influences and while still a mere child she de\-eloi)ed an aptness for study and a taste for the true and beautiful, whicli portended well for her future course of life. Her admission to the pulilic schools at the age of six years marked the beginning of an educa- tional career which as a pupil terminated witli her graduation in i8go; but which as a teacher is still in progress. Miss Poyser made not only a creditalile but a brilliant record as a stu- dent, as is evident from lier having' comjileted the high school course when Init little past eighteen years of age. Two years after her graduation she accepted a position in the citv sch(tiils. taking charge of the second and third grades in the Lijjerty street building, where she demonstrated abilities which soon brought her to tlie favorable notice nf her superiors and to her patnms. During the ensuing four year^; she tauglit in the liuilding on East Fourth street and at the e\])iration of that period was pro- moted to her present position in the North Cherry street school, where she has charge of the sixth grade, which is considered one of the most im]iortant year's work in the entire course. As a teacher Miss Povser is exceed- ingly careful and painstaking and possesses not only the .-ibib'ty to instruct well, but also that nameless and iindefinablc tact which enable-:, one to direct and control pupils with little ap- preciable effort. Indeed, she is a born teacher, and the apparent ease with which she manages those under her charge, while leading them along the devious pathways of knowledge, at the same time bringing out the better elements of their natures, demonstrates a peculiar fitness for the work which the majority of instructors do not possess. Thus far her labors ha\'e been eminently satisfactory to all concerned, and the firm hold w hicli she has on the affections of her ]")upils and the high esteein in which she is helil by the superintendent and official board is pn.iof that her tenure of service is destined to continue as long as she deems fit to remain in tlie educational field. !Miss P(iyser is as pi>pu- lar socially as she is professionally, and few ladies in Canton are more widely and fax'oralily Ivuown. ^\'hile tlioroughly devoted to the no])le work in which she is engaged, she does mit permit it to d\\ arf or narrow her nature, as too manv teachers do, finding rest and recrea- tion from its exactions in the societ\' of kindred s])irits. whose com])anionship is mu- tualh' lielpful in arousing' that peculiar intel- lectual and social ;uiimation which gi\es to life so much of its charm. In every relation of life her work has been well done and judging b\- what she has already accomplished her many friends are justilied in predicting lor lier a future of distinguished usefulness. DANIEL BOUGHM.XN is a native of Pennsvlvania. which state has conlrilnited so \-aluable an element to the citizenshi]i of Stark county, having l)een born on a farm in Cum- berland county, on the T4th of August. 1826, and being a son of Josepli and P.arbara (Wal- ters) Roughman. the former of whom was lik-ewise a nati\-e of the Keystone state, while the latter was born in A'irginia, both fan.iilies having been founded in America in the colonial davs. The paternal grandfather of the sub- ject likewise bore tlie name of Jose])]i. and he passed his entire life in Cumberland county, T'ennsvlvania, where he flied at the adxanccd CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 857 age of eighty-five years, while his wife, wliose maiden name was Catherine Cleaver, passed I away at the age of eighty years. John and }v'Iary Walters, the maternal grandparents of the subject of this re\-iew, both died in Cum- berland county. Pennsylvania, the former hav- ing' reached the patriarchal ag'e of ninety-five years, while his wife was ninety years of age at the time of her death. From these simple statements it is e\'ident that the subject comes of stanch and long-lived stock in hotli the pa- ternal and maternal lines, and in his own per- son he exemplified the sturdy vigor which e\'er implies longevity. In iS,;^3 die father of the subject removed \\ith his family from Pennsylvania to Stark county. C)hio. locating on a tract of land in Sugar Creek township, and it is interesting to ad^•ert to the fact that this pioneer homestead has e\Tr since remained in the possession of the family, being now in charge of the two sons of the lionored subject of this sketch. Joseph Boughman ]i\-ed only a few years after coming to Ohio, his death occurring- in 1839, as the re- sult of an accident, while he was but fifty-seven years of age when his life was thus summarily closed. His devoted wife ever remained faith- ful to his memory and her widowhood contin- ued f<)r the long period of thirtv-seven vears, lier death occurring on the old homestead in 1866. at which time she was seventy-eight \-ears of age. P)Oth were de\'oted members of the K\-angelical or Albright church, and the fatb.er was a stanch supporter of the Democratic ]jarty. taking an active and intelligent. interest in the questions of the day and being known as a man of high principles and strong intellect. He became the owner of three Inuidred and twenty acres of land in Stark county and would have undoubtedly pro^■ed one of the wealthy men of this section liad his life been spared, as the propert}' became valuable through its rec- lamation and improvement and enaliled his family to li\e in comfort and independence. though hard work was the portion of all its members in the early days. The father of the subject owned forty acres of land in Cinnber- land county, Pennsylvania, and there started out his married life under the most modest cir- cumstances, having to depend entirely on his own resources for a livelihood. In the family were six sons and six daughters, and of the number one of the sons and one of the daugh- ters are living at the present time, the subject of this review having been the tenth in order of birth. Daniel Boughman. to whom this sketch is dedicated, was about .se\-en years of age at the time of the family reniowil to Stark county. and he was reared to maturity on the old homestead, to the work of which he early be- gan to contribute his due quota, his father be- ing not long- spared to supervise the reclaiming of the land, so that each of the sons assun-ied his proper share of the work. Daniel received his early educational discipline in the district schools, and he gained mi httle prestige in mathematics, while it is ex'ident that he duly profited bv the privileges afforded him. since he became eligible for pedagogic work, and successfully taught one term of district school. He however did not find, it expedient to con- tinue in this field of endea\-or. and as a young m;m he learned the trade of carpenter, and for many years he devoted his attention to work along this line, becoming- one of the prominent contractors and builders of this .section of the counts', and having erected manv hi->uses and barns, as well as a number of church edifices. lie Ijecame the owner of two hundred and twenty acres of land, and one hundred and sixty acres of this he has given to his two sons, who are enterprising and honored farn-iers of Sugar Creek township, their l;md being a portion of the old homestead secured by their paternal grandfather upon coming to the county. The subject still retains the sixty acres. He has se- 858 OLD LANDMARKS cured the property through his own efforts, having inherited from the estate only forty- seven acres, while the remainder has been se- cured b}- purchase. Not only did he to a large extent reclaim his land from the virgin forest, but as the years passed and prosperity attended his well directed efforts he continued to make the best of improvements on the same, and the farm which he thus owned became one of tire valuable properties of the sort in the county. He has a commodious and pleasant home and there he has since lived practically retired. _ In politics Air. Boughman formerly gave his .support to the Democratic party, but so zealous an advocate has he been of the cause of tem- perance that in 1883 he decided to exercise his franchise in harmony with his convictions, and has since been stanchly arrayed in support of the I'rohiliition party. For the past thirty-six years he has been a zealous and consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and within this time he has held all the import- ant ottices in the same, his tirst wife having likewise ]ieen a devoted member of the church, as is also the present Mrs. Boughman. On the 3d of Octol)er, 1S50, Mr. Bough- man was united in marriage to jNIiss Charlotte Gallatin, who was born in Lancaster county. Pennsylvania, in 1827, being a daughter of Jacob Gallatin, and she died on the iQth of September, 1875. ^t llie age of forty-eight years. Of this union were born tln-ee sons, namely: Franklin A., who died at the age of seven \\eeks, and IMelancthon A. and Homer I.. M'ho are prominent farmers of Stark county, as h;is been previously intimated in this context. On the 7th of March, 1878, Mr. Boughman consummated a second marriage, Ijeing then united to Mrs. Jane E. (Galehouse) Blocker, widow of Samuel Blocker. She was born in Wayne county, Ohio, and is a daughter of Daniel and Mary Galehouse. both of whom died in Wayne county. Ohio. Of this second union no children have been born. REV. E. E. ESSELBURNE is a native of the state of Wisconsin, having been born in the city of Appleton, on the 29th of November, 1869. His elementary educational training was inaugurated in his native town, but he was a lad only seven years old at the time of his parents' removal to Cleveland, where he con- tinued his studies in the public schools, attend- ing the high school for two years, at the expira- tion of which he entered the academic depart- ment of the Western Reserve University, at Hudson, Ohio, where he completed his prepara- tory course, after which he was duly matricu- lated in the collegiate department. Shurtl\- afterwards he enterred Williams College, at Williamstown, Massachusetts, where he was graduated as a member of the class of 1888, re- ceiving the degree of Bachelor of Art^. Finally he was led to the determination of con- secrating" his life to the work of the Divine Master, and with this end in view he entered Bexley Hall, the divinity school of Kenyon College, that magnificent old institution so long conducted under church auspices, in Gambler, Ohio, and there he completed a thorough course of technical study and was graduated in 1896. In June of that year he received dea- con's orders, and in Alay of the following year, in Trinity cathedral, in the city of Cleveland, he was ordained to the priesthood, under the a|)ostolic offices of Rt. Re\-. AV. A. Leonard. l)ishop of the diocese of Ohio. The subject initiated the work of his ministry as rector of -St. Paul's chtn"ch. in East Cleveland, where he remained in pastoral charge for four years. In March, 1901, he was appointed to his pres- ent position as rector of St. Paul's church, in Canton, where he has labored with devoted zeal. BENJAMIN F. REYNOLDS.— The in- dustrial activities of the city of Canton enlist the services of many worthy and honored citi- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 8 59 zens, and among the number is the subject of this review, who has here maintained his home for more tlian three decades. The name which he bears is one that has been identified with the annals of American history from the early colonial epoch, the original ancestors in the new world having immigrated thither from Eng- land and taken up their abode in New England, ilr. Reynolds rendered honorable service in de- fense of the L'nion when its integrity was menaced by armed rebellion, and in all the re- lations of life he has ever been found true to duty and has pursued the even tenor of his way with a due sense of responsibility and with a wholesome appreciation of the dignity of hon- est tiiil. in whatexer sphere of action. The Reynolds family was established in Xew Haven, Connecticut, al^out the year 1880, and there Benjamin Reynolds, father of the subject, passed practically his entire life, his death there occurring, as did also that of his wife, whose maiden name was Moore. There they reared their children, one of whom was Benjamin Reynolds, the present subject. Benjamin F. Revnolds was born in the city of New Haven. Connecticut, on the 5th of September, 1830. and there his early education- al training was seciu'ed in the public schools. He was there residing at the time when the dark clouds of civil war obscured the national horizon, and. the loyalty and patriotism of his nature led him to tender his aid in behalf of the I 'nion. In t86i he enlisted as a private in the First Connecticut Fleavy Artillery, Avitli which he was in active service for three years, his command haA'ing been attached to the Army of the Potomac for the greater portion of this period and ha\ing ]iarticipated in many of the notable battles of the great internecine conflict, while the subject endured his full quota of the hardships which are invariablv the fortunes of warfare. At the close of the war he received an hon- orable discharge and was duly mustered out, after which he returned to New Haven, where he resumed the work of learning the trade of machinist, to which he had given his attention prior to going forth as a soldier of the repub- lic. In that city, in 1869, he was united in marriage to Miss Martha Lancaster, a native of New Haven, where she was born on the 6th of May, 1850, being a daughter of Henry and Sarah (Kimball) Lancaster, the former of whom was born in the state of Vermont, where his ancestors were numbered among the lirst settlers, the family being of English lineage. Henry f.ancaster eventually removed to New Haven, being- then a young man, and there he and his wife passed the remainder of their lives. In September, 1871, Mr. Reynolds came from New Haven to Canton, being accom- panied by his wife and their one child, then about a }ear old. Mr. Reynolds came to this city to enter the employ of P. P. Bush, who was here engaged in the manufacture of no\- elty iron goods, and he continued to hold the position of foreman in this establishment until the enterprise ceased tu exist, after which he Avorked for various concerns until 1888, Avhen he took a position in the great works of the Aultman Company, and has here been em- ployed as a maciiinist from that time to the present, being known as a skilled artisan and as one ever faithful to the duties devolving upon him. In politics Mr. Reynolds has ever given a stalwart allegiance to the Republican party. Mr. Reynolds' religious faith is that of the Protestant Episcopal church, of which he and the daughters are communicants. Frater- nally Mr. Reynolds is identified with George D. Harter Post No. 555, Grand Army of the Republic. Mr. and Mrs. Reynolds have two children. Jessie Edith was born in New Haven, Connecticut, and was a mere infant at the time of her parents' removal from that city to Can- ton. Here in due course of time she entered the public schools, and when seventeen years S6o OLD LANDMARKS of age she \Yas graduated in the Canton high school, and in the foUowing year entered upon a peculiarh- successful career as a teacher in the city schools, first becoming the instructor in the third grade of the Deuber school, and later being ])romoted to the fifth and finally to the sixth grade, in \\liich she is now teaching. She is known as one of the popular, enthusiastic and progressive teachers of the city and state, being a dexoted student and ever keeping abreast of the advances made in her profession. She holds membership in both the Stark County and the lii-County Teachers' Associations, and at all times takes a deep interest in the same. The younger daughter, Ruth b^hillips, was born in Cantou, and here completed her education in the high school, where she was graduated as a member of the class of 1897. In October of the following year she began her pedagogic 'career as teacher of the second grade in the North Cherry Street school, and she is now teaching the fifth grade, wliile slie is a member of the same professional associations as is her elder sister and for the past year she has been a teacher in the Sunday school of St. Paul's I'rotestant Episcopal church, of which the familv are members. Both daughters are prom- inent in the best social life of the city and are young ladies of distinctive culture and refine- mentsl PROF. FR.\NK JONES.— The paternal ancestry of Prof. Jones is traced back to his great-great-grandfather, who was a na- tive of Wales. liis son, David Jones, the subject's great-grandfather, was born in the same country in 1781, his mother giving up her life at the birth of her son. Being thus bereft of a mother's care, he was taken in charge by two aunts, by ^\■hom he was reared. In 1798, when about eighteen years old, he emigrated to America and for a time located in Chester coun- ty, PennsN'lvania. where he met and married Sarah Mace. She was a native of Chester county, though of Irish descent, her father, Robert Mace, ha\"ing l:)een biirn on the Emerald Isle. After his marriage David Jones resided for a time in Chester county, but in 1835 came to Ohio, locating in Columbiana count}'. The long and tiresome jijurney was made in "Conestoga" wagons, and during the trip all of their children were sick. Reaching his des- tination Mr. Jones purchased a tract of land in West townslii]!. which he proceeded to clear up and impro\-e. 'i'heir first home was built of rough round logs and consisted of but one room, twentv li}- twenty feet in size, one end of tlie room l)eing occupied bv an old-fashioned fire ])lace, in which enoruKius fire logs were burned. Witli the assistance of his sons, Mr. Jones brought his farm up to a splendid condi- tion, and he resided upon this place until his death, in July, 1846. His widow survived him several years, dying in 1862, at the age of sev- enty-six years. Politically Mr. Jones was an old-line Whig, and he and his wife were both members of the Methodist Episcopal church. They were the parents of the following children : (i) John, who was born in Chester county, Pennsylvania, remained there upon the old home farm and there died. For a life companion he chose Miss Sydney Seeds. ( 2) Joseph was tlie grandfather of the subject. (3) Sarah, who became the wife of Wesley Craig, died in Alinerva, Stark county, Ohio. (4) Anna, Mrs. Jereniiali Ilasslcr, makes her home with a son in Hamlin township, Eaton county, ]\licliigan. (5) ^Margaret, who married Daniel I*". Hassler, died on the home farm in ^^'est township, (^'oluml>iana count}'. (6) Theo- philus died in 1845 in Columbiana county. (7) Mary, born in Pennsylvania, died in that state in infancy. (8) Daniel died in infancy. Tl-.e subject's grandfather, Joseph Jones, was born on the home farm. in Chester county, Pennsvlvania. on the 16th of NovembeT. t8o6, and in 1835 accompanied his parents up<:in their CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 86 1 removal to Ohiii. lie recei\ec.l a fair educa- tion ill his native state, in riiiladelphia, Penns}-!\ania, iMay i8, 1828, he was united in marriage witli Miss Ann Robinson, a native of Briilgetop, Cumberland count}-, New Jersey, horn March 1, 1807. Her father was William R()):)inson and the maiden name of- her mother was Xancy Aloncrieff. The latter was born in l'~rance but accompanietl her parents to .America where they became e.xiles from their native land because of their identification with the Bonapartes. .\ member of this noted royal faniil}- married Miss Tatterson, of Balti- more. Maryland, and the Moncrieffs lived with them for a time at Bordentown, New Jersey, later remii\-ing to Bridgeton, that state. Upon his arrnal in Ohio Joseph Jones settled on sixty acres of land in West township, Columbiana county, and made this his home during the re- mainder of his life. His death occurred there in 1890 and his wife died September 7, 1874. In politics he was first a Whig, and later a Re- publican ;md A\ as elected and served for many years as trustee of his township. He and his wife were members i:>f the Disciples church. Mr. Jones had but one law suit during his en- tire life, and in that instance the jury accepted his own evidence as sufficient without the necessity of corroborating- witnesses. To Joseph Jones and his wife were bom children \\ho accompanied their parents upon their mi- gratiini to Ohio and four cliildren were born in the latter state. Their names are as follows : John, father of the subject; Thomas, who died in February, igoj, in Missouri, married Miss Julia Trilligarl. He plastered the house at St. Joe. Missouri, in which Jesse James was shot, and he afterwards picked out a bullet which had Ijeen inilieddecl in the wall : Sarah became the wife of John Myers, but died in West town- ship. Columbiana county, Ohio, in 1866; Eliza- beth was born in ^\^est township in August, 184T. She received her primary education in the district schools, supplementing this by at- tendance for two terms at Mount Union College. Subsecjuently she engaged ni teach- ing, which occupation she followed five years. She married John Foulks, of Columbiana coun- ty, who was l)orn in West township, that coun- [y. June 5, 1840. At the outbreak of the \var of the Rebellion, Air. Foulks enlisted in Com- pany I, One Hundred and Seventy-eighth Regiment (Jhio A'olunteer Infantry, as a pri- \-ate and ser\'ed for eleven months as such. He was then made a special orderly to the general commanding and was in \\'ashington, D. C, until l'"ebruar}' ij. 1865, when he went back to Newbern, North Carolina, and was engaged in the fight with Bragg at Kingston. He re- ceived an honorable discharge at Charlotte, North (.'ar(jlina. June jy, 1865, and returned home. He remained upon his farm in West township until the spring of 1901, and then re- moved to' New Franklin, Stark county. Mr. and Mrs. I'oulks have one child. Anna, who is the wife of D. W. Bates, of West tow^nship. The si.Kth child of Joseph Jones is Hosea R., a contractor of Canton, wdio married Sarah Walters. Margaret is the wife of Calvin I'oulks. of Springport, Michigan. Theo]jhilus died in infancy. John Jones, father of the sulijcct, was born March i, 1829, at Valley Forge, Pennsyh-ania, Fie was about six years old at the time of his parents" remo\-al to this .state and he was reared to manhood on the home farm in West town- ship, Columbiana county. He acquired his education in the old log school house of that day. but, flespite the disadvantages and draw- backs, he became possessed of a good knowl- edge of the common branches. Upon reach- ing manhood's years he learned the trade of a stone mason and followed that occupation until his removal to Misoin-i in 1880. On the 27th of April, 1856, in ^^'est township, Columbiana county, Ohio, he was united in marriage with Miss Matilda Geisleman. She was born April 23. 1837. the daughter of Jacob and Nancy 862 OLD LANDMARKS (Pancake) Geislenian, both born near Beaver, Pennsylvania. From the latter place they came to Ohio, locating near New London, Stark countv, where l\lr. Geisleman followed the pot- tery business. He subsequently purchased a farm just over the line in Columbiana county and lived there until Irs death in 1S79. He was twice married, his second wife having been ]\Irs. Ann Crowl. After his marriage John Jones lived the greater part of his time until 1880 in Paris township. Stark county. In the years men- tioned he removed to Gait, Grundy county, Missouri, where lie purchased a farm and fol- lowed agriculture for some time, but is now retired. Politically he is a Republican, while religiously he and his wife are both consistent members of the Disciples church. They are the parents of the following children : Win- field S., born April 12, 1857, married Ellen McLaughlin and resides at West Liberty, Logan county, Ohio; Mary, born May 8, 1858, married Lewis Edwards and lives in Iowa; Frank, the subject, is the next in order of birth; Lawson, born October 6, i860, married Ethel- inda Snowden and resides at Pittsburg, Penn- sylvania : Olive, born February 15, 1865; William, born April 25, 1863, married Alverta Myers, and now resides at Mjnerva, Ohio; John, l)orn October 30, 1864, married Effie W'ebstcr and resides at Gait, Missouri ; Emma, l)orn November 25, t86S, liecame the wife of Isaac Vandegrift, of New Franklin, this state; Joseph, born January 13, 1871, died October 4, 1876; Nancy, born March 7, 1873, married W^illiam Seamon, and died at Pittsburg, Penn- sylvania, September 29, 1901; Warren, born May 3, 1875, unmarried; Webster G., born March 31, 1877, unmarried, and David, who died in infancy. Frank Jones was born on the parental homestead in Paris township, Stark county, Ohio, on the ist day of June, 1859. At the age of five years he commenced attending the district schools, his first teacher being James Huston. As a boy Mr. Jones was fond of hunt- ing and trapping, acquiring this fondness from association witli his father, who was an ex- pert hunter. He continued his attendance at school until his eighteenth year, though during the summer ^•acations he and his brothers were employed in the work of the farm, and were also hired out to neighboring farmers. In 1877 Ml". Jones, having decided upon teaching as a life work, attended the normal department of Ada University, and the following summer taught a term of school in what was known as the Fox district, Washington township. The following summer he taught at Paris and the next three years in the town schools of New Franklin. Having a desire to further improve himself in scholastic knowledge, he then en- tered Ada Uni^•ersity and ^^'as graduated there- from in 1885. During his entire college period his expenses were paid for through his own efforts. After leaving the university Mr. Jones taught one term of select school at Moul- trie, Ohio, after which he taught one winter term in his old home school. In 1886 he was employed as a teacher in the grammar school of Louisville, holding that position two years, and was then elected and served as superintend- ent of the same school for four years. In 18S0 he attended a meeting of the state board of school examiners and was granted a teacher's life certificate. In November, 1892, Mr. Jones resigned his position in the schools of Louis- ville and accepted that of bookkeeper and man - ager for the Beatty Fire Plate Company. He shortly afterward gave up this position in or- der that he might take a course in chemistry, in pursuance of this plan attending Mt. Union College. Two months later he was ofifered the principalship of the South Market Street school at Canton, which he accepted and efficiently filled this post for six years. At the end of that time he went to Charlotte, Michigan, and en- gaged in the newspaper business, but shortly CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 863 afterward went to St. Marys, Ohio, where for eighteen months he was engaged in the same hne of work. He was then offered and ac- cepted the principalship of tlie Fourth Street schools, Canton, and is stiU serving in that ca- pacity. On the 17th of August, 1886, Frank Jones was united in marriage with Miss Menie Rae- del. She was born March 29, 1864, at New FrankHn, and is the daughter of David Raedel. Her father was born at Isna, Wurtemberg, Germany, January 21, 1824, and came to the United States in 1849, landing at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. From there he went to Steuben- \ille. Ohio, thence to Canton, and from there to New Chambersburg. He married, in Paris township, Lydia Conrad, and to them has been horn one child, Anna M., whose birth occurred in Louisville, Ohio, May 23, 1892. Politically Professor Jones has all his life ijeen a stanch advocate of the principles of the Republican party, while religiously he and his wife are faithful and consistent members of the Trinity Reformed church, taking an active interest in the work of that society. Professor Jones is also a member of the Stark County Teachers' Institute and of the Bi-County Teachers' Association. Fraternally he is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons and 1 the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Professor Jones is a well educated, sym- metrically developed man, his record as an edu- cator having brought him prominently to the . notice of the public, the result of which is a demand for his services where a high standard of professional excellence is required. He is a gentleman of scholarly tastes and studious habits, keeps abreast the times in advanced ed- ucational methods and his general knowledge is broad and comprehensive. Because of his courteous manners, genial disposition and gen- nine worth he has gained a host of warm per- gonal friends in the city of Canton and else- where. MARY J. PRINCE.— Among the efficient, well-known and popular educators of Canton is Miss Mary J. Prince, who has long been en- gaged in the city schools and who because of her many fine personal qualities and her pecu- liar fitness for her chosen vocation has won for herself a warm place in the hearts of all with whom she has formed an acquaintance. The subject's family name was originally "Printz." but by the last several generations ot the family the name has been used in its present form. Miss Prince's great-grandfather, George Printz, was a native of Hesse-Cassel, Ger- many, and was reared about as were other farmers" sons of the period, his father being a wealthy land owner. He came to America with his father when eight years of age, in 1749, this being at a period antedating the .\merican war for independence. Upon their arrival in this country they proceeded at once to Pennsylvania, and the father later entered a tract of land situated among the Blue Ridge mountains in Virginia. He married a Miss Shaffer, and by lier had two sons, Reuben and Joseph. In an early day George Printz made a trip to Ohio and there entered one hundred and \ sixty acres of land in what is now Canton town- ship, Stark county, the tract being now known as the Rohrer farm. Returning to his home in Virginia, he subsequently divided this Ohio property equally between his two sons, who had expressed their willingness to settle upon it. George Printz was very prosperous and was a large land owner. He and his wife both died in Virginia. Reuben Prince, one of the sons just men- tioned, and the grandfather of the subject, M-as born on the parental homestead in Virginia, and was reared and educated in his native state. Upon reaching years of maturity he married Miss Anna Judd, a native of the same state, though of English extraction. In 1826, with his wife and children, he came to Ohio, mak- ing the journey in "Conestoga" wagons, and 864 OLD LANDMARKS at once located on the eighty acres of kuul which had been given to him by his father. It \yas located in tlie midst of a dense wilderness, but he built a rude log cabin for the protection of the family and at once entered upon the task of clearing the land and making it ht for culti- vation. He remained upon that place until the death of his wife, in 1S34, when he removed to Canton, remaining there during the remainder of his life. He was again married after com- ing" to Canton, his second wife's maiden name Ijeing Dolly Souers. His children, all born to the first union, -were as follows: William, who married Christina Rex, died in Canton: George is the father of the sul)ject : Frances is the wife of Isaac Douber and resides near Fort \A'ayne. Indiana ; Al^salom left Canton for the west many years ago and has not since been heard from : John, who was a vetran of the Civil war, married Miss Jane Poole and his death took place at Minerva, this county ; Christina wa- the wife of William Double, but died some vears ago in Indiana: Daniel, who died in Can- ton, was twice married, first to Elizabeth Yam, whose death occurred in Canton: Henry, who also died in Canton, married Elizabeth Moos- hower: Rebecca l)ecame the wife of Hemy Bemenderfer. George Prince was born on the home farm of Page county, Virginia, November 18, 1818, and recei>-ed but little schooling in his native state. At the age of eight years he came to Stark ciinnty, Ohio, and liere completed his education, first attending what was known as the old Brenner school in Canton township and later attending what was known as the "Old Salt Box." When fifteen years old he came to Canton and was ap])renticed to a Mr. White to learn the trade of shoemaking, making" his home A\'ith Iiis employer. He successfully fol- lowed this trade a1»ut thirty years and then entered the employ of the Bucher-Gibbs Plow Works, remaining there until about 18S3, since \\hich time he has li\ed retired. In 1834 he was united in marriage with 2\Iiss IMartha J. Kille, \\ho was horn in Paris, Stark county, in 1830, the daughter of Thomas C. and Jane (Hines) Kille. The Hines family were among the pioneers who settled along the Juniata river in Pennsyl- vania, the emigrant ancestors of the family be- ing John and Henry Hines, who came to Amer- ica from Hano\er, Germany, in 1767. John, who settlcil at a place then called Standing Rock, was the great-great-grandfather of Mary J. Prince. He entered land there and during the Revolutionary war took an active part on the side of the colonists. The Indians at- tacked the settlers in that section and they were compelled to flee for safety. The mem- bers of the Hines family all escaped except one son, ■\\ ho was killed, d'hev had been H\ing in a stone building that at one time had served as a fort, but upon the outbreak of hostilities they fled to the eastern part of the state. John Hines was a prominent and well-kno\\'n man, noted for intelligence and as a man of consid- erable means, his brother and he acquiring large tracts of land at Standing" Rock. They were getting along nicely when, one night in 1776, some settlers stopped at their place and told them that the Iroquois and ^lohawk In- tlirins were on the war path, killing and mo- lesting all the settlers in the valley. The brothers started at once in search of their horses, but became separated. John found two horses and, hastily hitching them to a wagon, put into it the members of the family and started for a place of safety. His son John. the subject's great-grandfather, was among the children, being then but two years old. They started down the river, and though diligent in- quiry was made, no news Avas e\"er afterward received of the missing brother. John Hines, with his family, succeeded in eluding the sav- ages and located in Delaware county, Pennsyl- vania. But he had escaped the savages only to come in contact with the British General CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 865 Howe and his Hessian soldiers, so he soon af- terward cast his fortune with the army of patriots under General Washington. He fought bravely for the cause of independence and in the battle received a sabre cut at the hands of a Hessian soldier, being thus crippled for life. It is related that once a party of Hessian soldiers came to the Hines place, just after Mrs. Hines had finished baking. The soldiers immediately proceeded to clean the place of all kinds of eatables, thus placing the family in an embarrassing situation. Upon the close of the war John Hines found himself ruined in health and in finance, and in the hope of recouping his fortune he removed to Lan- caster county, the same state. In this new home the son John was reared to manhood and eventually married Miss Mary McKnight, I after \\ hich they made their home on an island in the Susquehanna river. Here Jane Hines. grandmother of the subject, Avas born June 4, iSoo. John Hines remained in Lancaster county until 1806, when he removed to Win- chester county, Virginia, and from there, in 1808, went to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. In 1 8 16 or 1824 he came to Stark county, Ohio, locating in Paris township. The ]\IcKnight family came originally from Ulster county, Ireland, and it is a matter of record that Mary, wife of John Hines, had a sister Margory, who became the wife of an uncle of President James Buchanan. In 181 1 Jane Hines witnessed the launching of the first steamboat on the Ohio river. The Kille family, from whom the subject is descended on the maternal side, had its origin in the Highlands of Scotland, coming frnni the town of Kille Cran-kee, northwest of Li ich Lomond, the latter place the scene of two noted events. One was the burning of Kille Christ church, by the Macdonalds, at a time when the church was filled with women, of whom not one escaj^ed. The second noted event was the battle of Kille Cronks, between 54 the armies of King William of England and King James of Scotland. Robert Burns made reference to the family name in several of his- poems, referring in one instance to "The high- born dames of Kille." Upon their emigration to the new world the ancestors of the Kille fainily first settled at Salem, New Jersey, their" location there antedating the landing of Will- iam Penn. Great-grandfather Kille was a (juaker in his religious belief, and his wife was an out-and-out Tory, taking especial delight in abusing George Washington. Grandfather Thomas Kille was born at Salem, New Jersey,. December 8, 1785. At the age of fourteen years he went to Philadelphia, remaining there about ten years. He did not inherit the Tory procli\-ities of his mother, being neither Quaker nor Tory, and during the war of 1812 he vol- unieered to fight against the British, for whichj he was condemned by the Quakers and he sub- sequently joined the Methodist Episcopal church. For his services during the war o£ 1812, the government granted to his wife a warrant to land near Paris, Stark county. The Penns, Claytons, (laskells and Killes intermar- ried and several members of the families at- tained to positions of marked prominence and inlluence. Thomas Kille's first wife was a ]\Iiss Chandler, of Mayflower stock. The mother of the subject died in Septem- ber, 1873. ^"<^^ George Prince, on June 18, 1876, married Miss Mary Risher, whose death occurred in 1883. To the first union were born the following children: Charles O., of Canton, married Minnie Cowley; Mary J. is- the subject; William R., of Canton; Thomas C. maintains his residence in Canton, but is now stationed in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where he fills the position of quartermaster in the United States navy, holding the rank of major; Anna died in infancy. Mary J. Prince, whose name appears at the head of this sketch, was born on the 22d of August, 1856, in a house that stood on the site 866 OLD LANDMARKS of her present home, East Tuscarawas street, Canton, Oliio. Her education was obtained in the pul)Hc schools of the city of Canton, her attendance there ending", however, when she was about sixteen years old. She liad been a iaithful and conscientious student, and at tlie j\o;e of nineteen years was granted a hcense to teach her tirst school, it being what is now known as the Liberty Street school. After four years' successful service here she was transferred to the East Fifth Street school for one year and then to the East Eighth Street school, where she remained four years. She then returned to the Liberty Street school for four years. Her close confinement to^ her school duties caused her health to fail in a measure, and for a year or more she was com- pelled to give up teaching, but when a1)le to resume her pedagogical labors she was as- -signed to duty at the East Eighth Street school, where she has since maintained a deep and abiding interest in her profession, realizing the responsibility resting- upon her as a guardian o^■er the minds and hearts of those committed to her charge. She keeps closely in touch with the most advanced and up-to-date methods in teachmg- and maintains an active membership in the Stark l"ounty Teachers' Institute. Re- ligiously she is a member of the First ^leth- odist church. Popular alike with school pa- tr'ins and pupils, amljitious at all times to e.x- cell in her work and ever courteous and com- panionable, she has long held a warm place in the hearts of all with \vhom she has formed ac- tiuaintance CHARLES FREDERICK STOKEY, A. M. — From the most reliable information ob- t:iinal)le it appears that the original ancestors of the Stokey family were of Anglo-Saxon blood. Inn many centuries ago some of them went to Switzerland, in which country the name, with worked together in their native countiw- until the family immigrated to the Ignited States. Charles being' sixteen vears old at the time. For some time after coming to this country Charles Stokey worked in an es- tablishment in New York city where surgeon's instruments were r.ianufactured. and while there met Air. Hassler. superintendent of the coast surve}'. l.\v whom he was employed to go to Washington City and undertake, under Joseph Saxton. uncle of Joseph S. Saxtoii, df Canton, the work of making a full set of stand- ard weights and measures to be used through- out the United States, a task requiring great skill and the utmost scieiitihc accuracy. '\\r. Stokey was well fitted to do this work, and in due time the set for the general government was in readiness, after Avhich he was required to make a similar set for each state in the L'niuii. These standards of weight and measure may be seen todav at the different state capitals, the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 867 ones at the national capital being' kept securely locked in a certain room of the treasury de- partment. The measures are made of brass and, like everything else in the possession of the go\'ernment, are kept in the best possible condition, being so brilliantly polished that the slightest touch of the finger will leave a tarnish upon the bright surface. During the Civil war Prof. Stokey was stationed near Wash- ington city, and desiring to see these specimens of his father's handiwork, he visited the patent ofTice. where they were then kept. Later, in 1876, in the presence of professors and students of Mt. Union College, he was permitted to lay his hand upon the bright bushel measure. No sooner had he done this than the custodian be- gan rubbing the spot touched with a piece of chamois skin, until its original brilliancy was restoretl. Mr. Stokey always considered these standard weights and measures his master- pieces of workmanship, as they are mechan- ically as perfect and scientifically as accurate as human skill could make them. Charles Stokey spent four years of close, hard work on these devices, and resided in the national cap- ital from 1837 to 1841. In the latter year he abandoned mechanical pursuits and moved to the woods of Wayne county, Ohio, where he cleared and developed a farm, on which he lived for a period of about twenty-one years. Disposing of his fru'm in 1S62, he came to Can- ton, and for some time thereafter worked for Ephraim Ball & Company, of this city, con- tinuing in their employ until failing health I'ibliged him to retire from actixe life. He died in the year 1872, deeply lamented by all who k-new him. ]\Ir. Stokey was married at Phila- delphia. Penrisyhania, in 1837, to Miss Mary Eicher, who was liorn in France in the }ear 1 81 3. She accompanied her parents to the I'nited States in 182S, and died at Canton in t8c)i. C^riginally Charles Stokey was a Hugue- not in his religion, but after coming to Canton united with the INIethodist Episcopal church, to the teachings of which he continued faithful to the end of his days. ^Irs. Stokey was also a member of the church to which her husband be- longed, and like him exemplified her faith by a life singularly upright and pure. Charles Frederick Stokey was born in Mil- ton township, Wayne count}", Ohio, January 20, 1845. ^'^t the proper age he entered the district schools of his native place and there pursued his studies until his parents moved to Stark county, when he became a pupil in the Canton schools. After spending two years in the city high school he entered Allegheny College, at Meadville, Pennsylvania, and in due time completed the prescrilied course of that in- stitution, graduating in the year 1872. Mean- time, in 1867, Prof. Stokey began teaching in the public schools of Stark county and after iinishing his collegiate course taught one year in the state of Pennsyhania. His next edu- cational work was in a military school at Poughkeepsie, New York. In 1874 he was elected principal of the high school at East Li\erpool, Ohio. Severing his connection with the schools of that city, Prof. Stokey accepted the chair of modern languages (French and German) in Mt. Union College, and after hold- ing the position two years he came to Canton in 1877 to take charge of the special depart- ment of the' public schools. While here he was elected superintendent of schools at Cha- grin ]""alls, where he served one year. While at Ciiagrin Falls he was elected teacher of Ger- man in the Canton schools, where he served three years, when he was transferred back to the special school, then to tiie high school, as assistant, and finally he was made principal of the Crystal Park schools. Possessing marked abilit}' as a teacher and manager of schools, an indefatigable worker and thoroughly in love with his profession, it follows as a natural sequence that Prof.- Stokey should become an important factor not only in connection with the educational work of his 868 OLD LANDMARKS prescribed province, but in a field far transcend- ing local limitations. His distinctive intel- lectuality and high attainments give him pres- tige among the leading educators of Canton and Stark county, and his efficiency is shown in a most pronounced way by his work since be- coming identified with the city school system. The Professor is a member of the Stark County Teachers' Institute and the author of the pres- ent constitution of that body. He has been a potential factor in the deliberations of this and . other educational assemblies, taking a leading part in their pul.ilic discussions and frequently addressing his fellow teachers or reading liefore them carefull}- prepared papers noted for scholarship and erudition. In addition to his professional duties Professor Stokey is now employed by the national weather bureau as special rain-fall and the corn and wheat region observer. He also has a mili- tary record, having served during the last year of the Civil war, in the One Himdred and Ninety-lifth Ohio Infantry, which was sta- tioned during the greater part of that time in the Shenandoah valley and then in Washing- ton, D. C. He discharged his duties as a l^rave and faithful soldier, but did not experi- ence any very trying ser\-ice, owing to the late- ness of his enlistment. He had enlisted in 1862, under Lieut. Thaddeus K.'Cock. of the Seventy-sixth C)hio \'olunteer Infantry Capt. Muhlenberg, of the Thirteenth United States Army, refused to muster him into the service, because he was only seventeen. In his fraternal relations Prof. Stokey is identified with the Royal Arcanum and the Grand Army of the Republic, having served five years as quartermaster of McKinley Post Xo. 2-f and two years as adjutant. Politically he is an unswerving supporter of the Republi- can party, and as such has wielded a strong influence in its behalf, although he is by no means narrow or intolerant in his views. Per- sonally he is a most companionable gentleman, a fa\orite in social circles and courteous in h demeanor to all with whom he comes in cor tact. His long residence in Canton has mad him well acquainted with the people of th city and county, and wherever known he : honored for his inflexible integrity in though word and deed. On the 23d day of December. 1874, in tli city of Pittsburg, was solemnized the marriag of Prof. Stokey and Miss ]\Iargaret Grace Provines, of Washington county, Pennsylvanij daughter of John and Jane (Gracey) Provine; both of Scotch-Irish descent. This union ha resulted in the birth of fi\'e children, the oldes of whom is William Provines, first lieutenan in the engineer corps of the United State army, stationed at Washington, D. C. H was graduated from West Point in 1900, an^ is a young man of exceptional abilities, with bright and promising future before him. Aim Gracey, the second in order of birth, is a stu dent at Oberlin College; Fred Eicher is a ma chinist in the emplo}' of the Hampden \\'atcl Works. Laura Euphemia, who is still a mem ber of the home circle, attended the Deacones School in Washington, I). C, and is now ; nurse in the Aultman hospital in this city. Ev; Christine, the youngest of the fannl}-. is ; senior in the Canton high school, with a fin record as a student. PROF. WALTER S. RUFF.— Prof. Ruf is descended on the father's side from an ok German family whose representatives came tc America in colonial times and settled in \\'est moreland county, Pennsylvania. Several o his ancestors did distinguished service in th( war for independence and in flie early annal: of the above county the name frequently ap pears in connection with civil as well as witi military affairs. Daniel Rufif, the subject"; grandfather, was a native of Westmorelanc count}, but as long ago as 181 6 migrated tc CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 869 Columbiana county, Ohio, settling in the wil- derness of what is now West township. He A\as a true type of the sturdy pioneer of the early day and performed well his part in clear- ing the land, in developing the resources of ^\ hat has since become one of the most enter- prising and enlightened sections of the Buck- eye state. He married, in the county of Co- lumbiana, Barbara Bair, and the two lived long and happily together on a farm near the town of New Chambersburg, the wife dying- in 1880, aged seventy-six, the husband in 1892, in his eighty-fifth year. Among the children. of Daniel and Bar- bara Rui'f was a son by the name of Albert, \\ho was born in Columbiana county on the 14th day of September, 1839. He was reared as a tiller of the soil and has spent all of his life in that honorable vocation, being still a resi- dent of the township and county of his birth. \\'hen the late Civil war broke out he enlisted at New Chambersburg in the Eighty-sixth In- fantry, with which he served three months, at the expiration of which time he joined the One Hundred and Ninety-first Ohio Volunteers. He accompanied the latter command to the front and saw considerable active service, but re- ceived his discharge one year later, having en- listed for only that length of time. Albert Ruff was married, in 1873, to Miss Malinda Summer, daughter of Noah Summer, of Co- lumbiana county ; Mrs. Ruff was born at East Rochester, Ohio, in the year 1849, ^^d is still living in West township, where she and her husband set up their domestic establishment immediately after the celebration of their mar- riage. She is the mother of three children, the subject of this review being the eldest; the other two are Carrie and Agnes, both living in their native county. Prof. Walter S. Ruff was born on the fam- ily homestead near New Chambersburg, Co- lumbiana county, Ohio, January 4. 1874, and until the age of sixteen remained with his par- ents, assisting as soon as old enough with the varie successfully operate the same, being a thor- oughly competent and practical miller, until about 1878, when he retired in favor of his sons, Joseph, John and Henry, who have since carried the enterprise successfully forward, ha\-ing been thoroughly trained liy their father. Joseph Sommer finally came to Canton, where he passed his declining days in the home of his son John, on South McKinley avenue, where he died in ]Sc)i. honored by all who knew him and known as a man of ability and in- flexible integrity. In politics he accorded a stanch adherence to the Democratic party, and his religious faith was that of the ]\Iennonite church, of which his wife likewise was a con- sistent member, her death having occurred in the year 1876. They became the parents of seven children, concerning whom brief record is as follows : Joseph died in Canton, on the i8th of March, 1897, a bachelor; Henry re- mains at the old home in I'lain township, (Op- erating the mills to which reference has been made, and he married ^lary Kropf ; Jrihn, who is engaged in the grocery business in Canton, married Fannie Kropf: Jacob died near Eaton, Ohio, in iNlay, 1902; Catherine is the wife of Christian Auspurger. of Berne, Intliana ; Da- vid S. is the immediate subject of this sketch, an.d Lizzie is the \\ife of Charles Beard, of Plain township. David S. Sommer was born on his father's farm, in Perr\- townshii), this count\', on the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 87 s 29th ol Fel.)ruary, i860, and thus he has the- oretically a birthday anniversary only once in foitr years, as February can claim twenty-nine days only in the leap years. He grew up un- der the sturdy discipline of the farm, and from the age of fourteen contributed his ([uota to its work during the summer seasons, while he attended the district schools during- the win- ter months, his first teacher. having" been I\Iiss Sarah l^ohrer. He C(jntinued to work on the farm and in his father's mill until he had at- tained the age of eighteen years, after which he continued his studies for two years in the normal school at Lebanon, this state, where he rounded out a good practical education. After leaving school he was for eight 3'ears employed as clerk in Hamilton county and for one year was similarly engaged in a mercantile estab- lishment in Canton. The following year he acted as collector for his brothers, in connec- tion with the milling business. In 1888 he was married, and shortly afteward established his home at 906 East Second street. Canton, and here he engaged in the freight hauling or trans- fer busmess, in \\liich he continued for eleven years, building up a successful enterprise in the line and gaining- a wide circle of acquain- tances in the city. In 1899 he was elected to his present responsible office as street commis- sioner, as the candidate on the Democratic ticket, and that his handling of the work as- signed to his control has been satisfactorily handled needs no further voucher than the fact that he has i)een continued in the office consec- utively to the present time. He has shown m.arked discrimination and judgment in his office, and through his excellent executive abil- ity has not only done much to bring about needed improvements but also has conserved economy in this department of the municii)al service. Mr. Sommer has ever given an un- compromising allegiance to the Democratic part}', his first presidential vote having been cast in support of (_iro\-er CleAeland. at the time of his first nomination, and he has taken an active interest in the party work. He and his wife are zealous members of the Mennonite church, of which he became a member in 187S and she in 1883. On the 1 6th of February, 1888, Mi: Som- mer was united in marriage, in Canton, to Miss Anna Kropf, a sister of the wives of his broth- ers Ilenry and John. She was boni near Paris, this county, on tlie iJth of October, 1867, be- ing a daughter of Christian and Barbara (Keese) Kropf, who are now residents of Can- ton. They removed from Paris townsliip to New P)erlin, I'lain townshi]), when she was an infant, and there she was reared to maturity, receiving her education in the pul)lic schools. i\Ir. and Mrs. Sommer ha^•e four children. namely: Walter J., who was born in Cantun, on the 20th of April, 1889 ; Homer D., who was born in this city on the 26th of December. 189T ; Marie C, who was born on the 18th of September, 1894, and Helen B., who is likewise a native of Canton, where she was born De- cember 31,1 896. ELMER E. SCHECJ.— AmiMig the able and pojiular representatives of educational in- terests in the city of Canton is the subject of this sketch, who is incumbent of the responsible position of principal of the Hartford Street school. He is a native son of the Buckeye state, and thus the more interest attaches to a consideration of his life history in the compila- tion. He is a son of Henry Scheu, who was born in tiie jiicturesque and historic old universitY city of Heidelberg, Germany, in the year 1822. There he attended school until he had attained the age of fourteen years, after which he was identified with agricultural pursuits in that sec- tion of the great German empire until 1843. when, at the age of twenty-one years, he sev- ered the ties that bound him to home and fa- therland and set forth to seek his fortunes in 8-2 OLD LANDMARKS America, where so many of .his countrymen ha\e found homes and attained success and in- dependence, the German element in our com- plex social fabric being one of the most valu- able in the entire composite makeup. He landed in New York city, whence he came di- rectly to Ohio and located in the town of Ragersville, Tuscarawas county, where he for a time gave- his attention to agricultural pur- suits, but eventually engaged in the dry-goods business in that town, continuing in this line of enterprise during the remainder of his act- ive career. He began operations in a modest way and succeeded in building up a large busi- ness becoming one of the leading and most inihicntial citizens of the town and being hon- ored for his sterling integrity and his honor- able life. About two years after locating in Ragersville he was united in marriage to Miss I.ouisa Steiner, who was born in Switzerland, about the year 1836, and who was there reared ami educated, being al)Out twenty-one years of age when she accompanied her parents on their emigration to the United States, the fam- il_\' locating in Tuscarawas county, where her parents passed the residue of their lives. She died in Ragersville, in 1882, and her husband passed away in 1887, both having been devoted members of the German Reformed church, while he was a stanch Democrat in his political proclivities. Of their children the following is a brief record: Charlotte is the wife of Fred Zimmerman, of Tuscarawas county; Liz- zie is the wife of Christian Beller, of that coun- ty : Caroline is the wife of John Kline, of Midvale, that county ; Henry is deceased, as is also Charles; Mary is the wife of William Canada, of Cleveland, Ohio, in which city also resides Louisa, the next in order of birth; Susan, tlie wife of Thomas Walker, is de- ceased; Rose, the wife of Frank Garver, of Ragersville. is deceased; iMcClelland is a farm- er near Osnaburg, Stark county ; Lewis resides in Ragersville ; lilnier E. is the immediate sub- ject of this sketch ; Phoebe is the wife of Daniel Rice, of Canal Dover, and Robert is a resident of the state of Washington. Elmer E. Scheu was born in Ragersville, Tuscarawas county, on the 21st of November, iS68, and there his early educational discipline was received in the public schools, his boyhood days being passed on' a farm, which was in close proximity to the village, and when not in school he assisted in the work of the home- stead. At the age of eighteen years, in 1887, he was matriculated in Smithville Normal School, in Wayne county, this state, where he continued his studies for three terms, after which he completed a special course in penman- shi]) at Bixler's Pen Art School, at Wooster, Ohio. Li 1888 he entered the Ohio Normal Uni\ersity, at Ada, where he contimied as a stu- dent for two and a half years, while in the win- ter vacations he engaged in teaching, having de- termined to devote his attention to pedagogic work, for which he had a natural predilection and in preparing for which he spared no pains or a])plication. After leaving- the university he continued to teach lor six winters in the dis- trict schools, and for eight years he was prin- cipal of the Second Street school at Canal Dover, Puscai-awas county. In the spring of 1902 he accepted his present position as prin- cipal of the Plartford Street school, in Can- ton, entering upon liis duties at the opening of the autumn term, in the following- September. His reputation through previous pedagogic work stands as a voucher for the value which will attach to his services in his present posi- tion, and he is proving- a valuable acquisition in connection' with the work of the public schools of Canton. He is a member of the Ohio Teachers' Association, and fraternally is identified with the Masonic order, the Protec- tive Home Circle and the Junior Order of L'nited American Mechanics. In politics he maintains an independent attitude, though manifesting a deep interest in the qucsticms of CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 873 the day and being stanchly fortified in his con- \ictions as to matters of pubhc pohty. On the 31st of March, 1894, at Canal Do- A'cr, Tuscarawas count}', Mr. Scheu was united in marriage to Miss Irene Peters, of Ragers- ■\ille, where she was born, being a daughter of Dr. Herman J. Peters, of that place. Mr. and j\lrs. Scheu have a winsome little daughter, Florence Belle, who was born at Canal Dover, on the 5th of April, 1896. Mr. and Mrs. Scheu are active members of the Trinity Reformed church of Canton, Ohio. MARTIN DEUBLE.— The life history of him whose name initiates this paragraph most pertinently illustrates what may be at- tained liy faithful and continued effort in car- rying out an honest purpose. His career was manly, his actions sincere, his manner im- affected, and his speech from his heart. He was a worthy representative of one of the sterling pioneer families of Canton, where he was himself a pioneer business man and where he continued to make his home until his death, in the fullness of years and honored by all who knew him, for his was a simple but noble life, true to itself and to the dictates of conscience. He well merits a tribute and memorial in this volume. The Deuble family is of stanch German origin, and in the town of Treschlingen, Grosz- hertzogthum, Baden, Germany, George Mi- chael Deuble, father of the subject, was born, while there also was born his wife, whose maiden name was Susanna Schmitt, their mar- riage being' solemnized in the fatherland. About 1825 they emigrated to America and located in the city of Philadelphia, where they remained for a short time, during which Mr. Deuble undoubtedly followed his trade, that of weaver, in which he was an expert artisan, weaving counterpanes and other articles of that order. During the residence of the family in the "City of Brotherly Love" Martin Deuble, subject of this memoir, was born, the date of his nativity being April 16, 1827. Shortly after his birth his parents settled at the foot of the Blue mountains, in I'ennsylvania, and there his father began the manufacturing of clocks, being associated with a partner, and they ped- dled th.eir products throughout the surround- ing' country. While following this line of en- terprise he had three different partners, each of whom betrayed his confidence and defrauded him of all his stock, but his valiant spirit did not quail beneath these discouragements, and he determined to conquer adversity and to at- tain a position of independence, if these aims were to be accomplished b}' honest and inde- fatigable effort. He finalh' decitled to come to Ohio, leaving his family for the time being in Pennsylvania. His funds were reduced to a low ebb, and he left the major portion for the use of his family and then l)ravely set forth on foot to make the long and weary journey to Canton, Ohio, where his brother Henry and half-brother, John Deuble, were engaged in business as butchers, their shop being located on N(>rth Walnut street, near Third street. The father of the subject was a week in mak- ing the trip, and a goodly portion of his meals while en route were secured from apple or- chards along the way. He finally arrived in Canti>n. in the year 1834, and, after 'consult- ing with his brothers, determined -to make a permanent location here. He began work in his brothers' shop <^ind after a time his family joined him in the new home, taking up their abode in a brick house located on a part of lots II and 12, on North Market street. 'Mr. Deuble worked earnestly and constantly to provide for his family, and about the year 1836 he fitted up a watch-making and repair- ing shop in his home, having' become a good workman in this line, in which he had served an apprenticeship, while he was endowed by na- ture with exceptional mecham'cal ability. He 874 OLD LANDMARKS was also an accomplished musician, and in a room adjoining his shop he placed a piano, which he used in connection with his work of teaching vocal music, while he also hecame or- ganist and choir-master of the German Re- formed church, with, which the family have • all been identified as consistent and zealous memhei"s. As time passed, his business in- creased in scope and importance, and die con- tinued the same up to within a few years of his death. ha\'ing in the meanwhile put in a good line of jewelry, watches, clocks, etc. .\fter his reth'ement his sons Martin and (ieorge continued the business, moving the same to the Wikidal home, which was located on the site of the present l'"olwell bliick. Con- cerning the business and the family history further mention is made in the sketch of the life of the subject's brother George, appear- ing elsewhere in this volume. In politics the father was a stanch Democrat, and both he and his wife were devoted members of the Re- formed church. He died in i860, and his widow passed away in September, 1866. Their two children ^\■ere Martin, subject of this me- ninir, and George, who continues the jewelry business in Canton, as is duly noted in his I)ersonal sketch on another page of this work. Martin Deitble was born in Philadelphia, as lias Ijeen already noted, and he was a mere boy at tile time when his mother and younger brother came to Canton to join their father. He learned the trade of watch-maker and jew- eler in his father's establishment, while his ed- ucational advantages were such as were af- forded in the pioneer schools of Canton. Soon after his father's retirement fmm business he and his brother opened a store in the corner room of the Wikidal house, as before noted, and there they remained until 1861, when they purchased the Re\-. Fast property on the east side of the public square, near the corner of South ]\tarket and East Seventh streets. Into this the\- rcmiixed their stock, which thev greatly enlarged in the new and more preten- tious quarters, and later they remodeled the building, rendering it more eligible for their use. There they continued to be associated in business until the death of the subject, which occurred on the nth of August, 1875, and within this time they had built up a prosperous enterprise, having gained the highest reputa- tion for fair and honorable dealing and being known as able and conservative business men. In his political proclivities, though never an aspirant for official preferment, he was a stanch Democrat, taking an active and intelligent in- terest in the party cause. He was a member of the Reformed church, and his faith was ex- emplified in his daily life. He was for many years a member of the choir, and at times acted as organist, being ever ready to do his part in all portions of the church work. In Canton, on the 6tli of October, 1857, Mr. Deuble was united in marriage to Miss Susanna Herbruck, a sister of Rev. Feter Her- bruck, a pioneer clergyman of the German Re- formed church in this county and one to whom specific reference is made elsewhere in this compilation. She was born in Grosse-Steiiv- hausen, in the kingdom of Baieren, Germany, on the 8tli of l^'ebruary, 1832, being a daughter of Fhilip and Barbara ( Schlemnier) Herbruck. and she attended school in her native town until slie had attained the age of fourteen years, when she accompanied her parents on their em- igration to America, the family taking up their residence in .Stark county, where her parents passed the rest of their li\es. She still resides in this city, her pleasant home, so hallowed and endeared to her bv the associations and memories of the past, having been erected Ijy her husband in 1868. Of the six children born to Martin and Susanna (Herbruck) Deuble the following data is entered : Emma, w ho was born on the i^lh of October, 1858, died on the 31st of March, 1863 ; Charles G., who was born Octolier 9. 1800. secured his education in the / CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 875 public scliools of Canton, being fourteen years of age at the time of his father's death, and after learning the jeweler's trade under the direction of his uncle, George Deuble, he eventually engaged in business for himself, and now nas a well equiped store in this city; he married Miss Laura Lewton, of Malvern, Car- roll county; Elten H., who was born on the 20th of April, 1864, married Miss Ella M. Muncaster and they reside in Canton, where he is engaged in F. Herbruck's dry goods store; Clara E., who was born June 19, 1866, is the widow of Re\-. Louis M. Weiss, who was an able young clergyman of the Reformed church, and she now makes her home in Can- ton; Louis E., who was born July 12, 1871, married Miss Pina A. Fohl. and they reside in Canton, where he is engaged in the Canton water works ; and Bertha E., who was born Septemlier 23, 1873, remains with her mother in the attractive home, which is located at 424 North ^larket street. THADDEUS C. N1GH]\L\N.— George Nighman, the subject's grandfather, was an early settler of the \A'estern Reserve. l(icating manv years ago about four miles northwest of Kent in the county of Portage. His son George was born near the above town and grew to yoimg manhood amid the environ- ments of pioneer life, attending at intervals during his y(_nith such schools as were then common in the Western Reserve. On leaving home he went to York, Pennsylvania, where he lived for some time with an uncle b_\- the name nf David Hahn. and while there met Miss Lydia Kellen. wlm became his wife (ui the 26th of August. 1821. ]Mr. Nighman worked for some time in his uncle's brewery and distillerv. but after his marriage he beaded his few hi:)usehi.ild goods on a wagon and with an ox team returned to Ohio, settling on Nimi- shillen creek. Stark count\". Meantime, his uncle had built a small distillery on the abo\-e creek and it was for the purpose of assisting in its operation that he left a comfortable home in Penns}'h'ania and moved into what was then an almost unbroken wilderness. After run- ning the distillery until becoming convinced that his relative was not treating him right in a business way, Mr. Nighman withdrew from the concern and at the instance of George Dewalt. who backed him financially, bought a lot on the corner of North Market and Second streets. Canton, on which he erected a brick building, thirty-three by seventy-five feet in size, for brewing purposes. The enterprise proved suc- cessful from the beginning and. as rapidly as circumstances would admit, the indebtedness was reduced until the establishment stood free from incumbrance. ]\lr. Nighman fitted up five rooms in the west end of the brewery Imild- ing for a dwelling, and continued to live there in peace and comfort to the end of his days. He was an. honest, industrious man and no doubt hastened his death by the immense amount of labor he performed. Beginning the brewery business heavily in debt, he persevered until e\erv dollar was honestlv paid, after which he labored just as diligently to provide comfort- ai3h- for his family. During the great cholera plague which broke out in 1832 Mrs. Nighman was taken sick \vith the disease, but owing to skillful nursmg ami assiduous care she re- co\-ered. onlv to lose her husband the following year. Mr. Nighman departed this life on the 17th ot March, 1833. and in his death Canton lost one of its most estimable and enterprising citizens, .\fter his death his widow took charge of tke lirewery and distilling and carried on tlie business \er\- successfully for several years, ac- cumulating a handsome competence. She mar- ried a second time, and died on the loth of Jul}'. 1880. honored and esteemed by a large circle of friends in this city and elsewhere. She bore her first husband two sons and one daughter. n;niielv: George, wh<.) died in infancy: Anna- 876 OLD LANDMARKS bella E., bom August 10, 1828, married George W. Heil, and died August 11, 1902 ; and Thad- deus C, whose name furnishes the caption to this article, was born in this city on the 2d day of February, 1831. He first saw the hght of day in the old brewery homestead, wiiich stood on the lot now occupied by the Schhtz [Music Hall, and it is a fact worthy of note that his life has been spent within the block in which he was born. His early experience was similiar in most respects to that of the majority of city lads, the only exception, if any, being- an excessive tend- ency to .sport and athletic exercises. When a mere boy he developed unusual physical powers, and being full of animal spirits, his strength frequently led him to engage in fistic encounters with his playmates and companions until he be- came noted as one of the young champions of the town. At the proper age he entered school, but here as elsewhere his love of sport predom- inated and as a consequence his studies were for a time sadly neglected. One of his early teach- ers was Archibald McGregor, between whom and himself a life long friendship has existed. During the late Civil war Mr. McGregor pub- lished in Canton a Democratic paper, which aroused the animosity of the ultra-Union party of the city. By reason of certain treasonable sentiments which appeared in the columns of the sheet from time to time, the loyal men of the city decided to destroy the office and drive the editor from the place. Accordingly a mob was raised for the purpose and when about to carry their design into execution Mr. Nighman, at that time city marshal, appeared upon the scene and efilectually put a stop to their acts of vio- lence, thus saving the property and perhaps the life of his friend. Owing to the death of his father, which oc- curred when he was a child, young Nighman grew up practically unrestrained, missing that gentle home influence which c\-ery boy should feel in order to bring out the belter part of his nature. In \-iew of this fact it is no wonder that he became a leader among the wild boys of the city and proved a trouble to his teachers and a source of annoyance to those who had him in charge. Rut back of his exuberant spirits was good, sound material, of which strong charac- ters are made, and under proper influence it be- gan in due time to manifest itsVlf. At the age of thirteen he hired to a farmer by the name of Shriver and after working for him for seven months, accepted a position with a wholesale drug firm in Massillon. He went to that city in answer to an advertisement he saw in a paper for a general utility boy in a drug store, and the proprietors of the house, being pleased with his appearance, at once took him into their employ. He entered upon his duties with fixed purpose of learning the business, and but few months elapsed befo're he had a general knowledge of buying' and selling besides a practical acquaint- with the nature of drugs. He was quick to learn and absolutely reliable and during^ the two years he remained with the firm he was con- 'sidered one of the most trustworthy and valu- able employes in the establishment. Resigning his position with ilessrs. Bigger & Baldwin, the proprietors of the drug store, Mr. Nighman returned to Canton and engaged with Bicking & Melchoir, brewers, the former'his uncle, and worked for these parties during the two years foll'iwing. In the fall of 1848 he took charge of the Ijrewery and did a very satisfactory busi- ness during the ensuing twelve years, mean- time, on the 1 2th of May, 1850, being united in marriage with Miss Emeline Bitler. of near Navarre. In i860 Mr. Nighman suspended the brewer}' business and two years later (in the spring of 1862) he was elected city marshal, the duties of which oflice he discharged in an able and satisfactory manner for one term, re- fusing a renomination by his party. The same year in which he \\"as elected city marshal he was ap])ointed by Capt. John F. Oliver deputy provost marshal for the eighteenth district and as such served until the close of the war, prov- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. S77 ing in this, as in his other official capacity, a faithful, reliable and popular public servant. In 1867 or '68 Mr. Nighman sold his brewery and for some time thereafter was not actively engaged in any vocation, devoting his time to his private interests. His next venture was in the transfer business, which he followed for several years with success and profit. He ran a number of teams in this city and was never without a liberal patronage, as the public had long before learned that whatever he engaged to do would be prosecuted with satisfaction and dispatch. Discontinuing teaming, he opened a large boarding stable and to this line of busi- ness he has since devoted his attention, meeting with most encouraging success, as his place is patronized by the best people of the city and those in the county having fine horses to be- cared for. It will be seen from the foregoing brief out- line that the career of Mr. Nighman has been one of great activit}-. and that he has been more than ordinarily fortunate in a financial way is attested by the ample competence now in his possession. His life has been one of con- stant advancement and that, too, in the face of discouraging obstacles, as the reader may infer frpm his youthful environments. While allowed to follow his own inclinations when young, it is much to his credit that he ne\er formed a bad habit and his life has been entirely free from the vices which the majority of people contract to a greater or less degree. He is, and always has been, strictly temperate, in the mat- ter of intoxicants and tobacco, never having used the latter in any of its forms and in the former carrying his dislike to the extent of eliminating coffee from his bill of fare. His character is open and free, his actions in the main ha\-el.ieen above criticism and as a citizen his honor and integrity are unassailable. Mr. Nighman's first wife, to whom reference is made in a preceding paragraph, dietl in the year i88o. after bearing him four sons and one daughter, namely : Thaddeus C. ; Frank W. and Charles A., of Jersey City, New Jersey; George W., of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and Ruella, who holds a position with the natural gas company of Canton. In 1883 Mr. Nigh- man married his present wife, Mrs. Elizabeth De Peyster, of Kent, Ohio, a union without issue. WILLIAM JENNINGS MELCHER was born on the old homestead farm, near Zanes\-ille, Muskingum county, Ohio, on the 6th of" October, 1841, being a son of Conrad and Catherine Elizabeth (Joy) Melcher. His father was born in the province of Hessen- Darmstadt, Germany, being a son of John Melcher, who was there engaged in farming, as had been his ancestors for many generations. He there aceing a daugh- ter of the late Christian Stover, who, when 'S\rs. Melcher was about two years of age, re- moved to Canton, Ohio, and for thirty-five years was engaged with the Aultman ^lanu- facturing Company. Fo ]Mr. and Mrs. Mel- cher were born six children, namely : Minnie May, who died on the 5th of February, 1877, at the age of eight years; John Henry, who is engaged with the Cleveland Axle \\'orks, in Canton ; Flora B., who remains at the parental home: Ida E., who is the wife of Samuel C. Smith, of this city, Charles \\'., who is in the employ of the J. H. McLain works, in Canton, and Pearl, who remains with her parents. MAURICE S:\IITH, M. D., was bom in West Brook-field, Stark county, Ohio, on the 28th of December, 1864, being a son of John and H;irriet (Wagner) Smith, the former of whom was born in Lancaster county, Pennsyl- ^ania, and the latter in Stark county, Ohio. The father of the Doctor was a successful teacher in the public schools of the western part of Stark county for the long period of forty- two years, being a man of fine intellectual attainments. During the war of the Rebellion he served on the staff of (General Sherman, in the capacity of secretary, he ha^'ing enlisted in 1863 in the One Flundred and Fourth Ohio Regiment and served nine months. He was boni' April i, 1824, and was brought to Ohio in 1835. He died June 28, 1894. His widow, Harriet, was born in Stark county, Ohio, alxiut one and one-half miles east of Massillon, the daughter of Christian Wagner, a pioneer. Dr. Smith received his early educational discipline in the public schools of West Brookfiekl, Stark county, and at the age of twenty }-ears he began teaching in the schools of the county, continuing to follow this profes- sion at intervals for a period of eight years, and by this means earning the funds with which to defray the expenses of his course in medi- cine. In 1892 he was matriculated in the medical department of the Western Reserve University, at Cleveland, and was there grad- uated on the 22d of May, 1895, receiving the degree of Doctor of J\ledicine. He soon after- wards came to Massillon and established him- self in practice, his professional novitiate be- ing of short duration, since his professional tal- ent and de\'otion to his work soon g-ained to him a representative sup]xirt, and he is now rec- ognized as one of the leading lUiembers of the me(h'cal fraternity in this city. That he has been successful in his work from a temporal standpoint is shown in the fact that he has .erected a fine modern residence at the corner of I\lain and Henry streets, and there also he has his office. He has that equable tempera- ment and gracious personality which are so potent factors in the makeup of a successful ])hys'cian, and his ])opularilv in his home cilv is of the most unqualified order, while he holds the confidence and esteem of all who know him. In politics the Doctor gives his 88o OLD LANDMARKS allegiance to the Republican party, and fra- ternally be is identified with the Free and Ac- cepted Masons, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Knights of the Maccabees, the Protecti\e Home Circle, the Knights of Pythias, and the Royal Arcanum. On the 31st of May, 1886, Dr. Smith was united in marriage to Miss Belle Patterson, who was born and reared in West Brookfield, this county, being a daughter of Thomas and Maria TPeasly) Patterson, the former of whcim \\'as born in the Western Reserve of Ohio and the latter in New England. Dr. and Mrs. Smith became the parents of three chil- dren, namely: Blanch, Florence and John Maurice, the last mentioned having died at the age of twenty-three months. PETER SCHARLES.— In tracing the subject's genealogy it is learned that his gxeat- grandfather, Matthias Scharles, was a native of Germany and that he lived and died at or near the place of his birth ; his wife was Annie M. Landis, daughter of Peter and Susanna (Ruht) Landis, both representatives of a very old family of the empire. Among the children of Matthias and Annie M. Scharles was a son by the name of Valentine, who married in his native country Elizabeth Helm, both dying in Germany many years ago, leaving descendants who have since represented the family there and in the United States. Peter Scharles, a son of Valentine and Elizabeth, married in the old country Miss Catherine Albrecht, and about the year 1S57 came to America, settling near, the city of Massillon, Ohio, on the farm which the subject of this sketch now owns. Mn Scharles was a tiller of the soil, as were many of his ancestors before him, and spent the re- mainder of his life in Tuscarawas township, dying February 19, 1893, at the age of seventy- eight, his wife following him to the grave the next December, when sixty-nine years old. Nicholas Albrecht, father of Mrs. Peter Scharles, was a native of Bavaria, born and reared in Seele, near the river of Rhine. His wife was Christina Engel, also a native of Ba- varia, as were her ancestors for many preced- ing generations. Peter Scharles, Jr., to a brief review of whose career the remainder of this article is de-' voted, was born May 2, 1846, in Gangreweirler, Germany, and when about eleven years of age accompanied his father to the United States, since which time he has been a worthy resident of Stark county. In the schools of his nati\'e land he obtained a fair knowledge of the fun- damental branches of learning and for a few years after coming to America, he attended the public schools of Tuscarawas township, in this wa)' mastering the English language and ac- quiring much more than a superficial acquaint- ance with the prescribed course of study. Mr. Scharles was a mere youth when the war of the Rebellion broke out, but with true patriotic fervor he tendered his services to his adopted country, which he had already learned to lo\-e as if he were one of its native sons. In 1862 lie enlisted in Company E, One Hundred an.d Fourth Ohio Infantry, and in due time u'as at the front sharing with his comrades all the terrible realities of war in some of the bloodiest battles and noted campaigns in which the army took part. With the exception of the battle of Nashville he participated in all the actions in which his regiment was engaged, and vn^ouIcI have been present there had he not previously received, at Franklin, a painful wound which necessitated his removal to the hospital at Jef- ferson Barracks, Missouri, where he remained until his recovery. Mr. Scharles' military ex- perience was replete with duty bravely and faithfully performed and his record as a soldier is without spot or stain. At the close of the war he received an honorable discharge and, returning home, engaged in agricultural pur- suits, which he has since followed with en- MR. AND MRS. PETER SCHARLES. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. .8Se couraging success. When but thirty-three years old he was made superintendent of the ^\^arrick farms, in Tuscarawas township, and in that capacity displayed abihty and ripeness of judgment rare in one so young. He dis- cliarged the duties of the position to the satis- faction of his employers and after resigning the place began farming upon his own respon- sibility, taking charge of the paternal home- stead, a fine little place situated near the cor- ])orate limits of Massillon. Here he has since li\-ed and prospered and while not carrying on husbandry quite so extensively as do some of his neighbors, he has made it remunerative, as is attested by the fine condition of his farm and improvements and the comfortable competence A\hich he has accumulated. Mr. Scharles has always manifested a live- ly interest in the material development of his adopted county and is justly entitled to the appellation of a public-spirited man. Ranking with progressive agriculturists of Tuscarawas and enjoying the reputation of being careful and judicious in matters of business, he also Icnxfs his influence to all measures for the com- mon welfare and supports every laudable enter- ])rise whereby the community may be benefited. April 27. 1866, Mr. Scharles was united in marriage to Miss Sophia Albrecht, daughter of Jiihn Albrecht, a representative of Perry tovvn- shi]), whose life history will be found elsewhere in these pages. This union has been blessed with four children, the oldest of whom is Clara, a wife of Jacob Rippel; Mr. and Mrs. Rippel have one son by the name of Andrew T- ; A-melia, the second daughter, married John Walter and is the mother of one child, Elmer; Lewis, the third in order of birth, married Miss Annie Schuler, the union resulting in the birth of a daughter, named Inez ; Hattie, the young- est o" the family, is unmarried and lives with her parents. In politics Mr. Scharles is independent, considering it inconsistent with true manhood 55 to obe}- the behest of any party or to come and go at the beck and call of partisan leaders. Nevertheless he reads much concerning polit- ical issues, keeps himself well posted on the great questions of the day and exercises the rights of citizenship as his judgment dictates. He was ser\'ed as a member of the school board,, has alwaj's taken great interest in the cause of education and is a friend of all organizations- having for, their object the intellectual and. moral well being of the community. Frater- nally he belongs to Hart Post No. 134, Grand Army of the Republic, and in religion subscribes to the Evangelical creed, being identified with St. John's Evangelical church in Massillon, Mrs. Scharles is also a member of the same congregation and, like her husband, is an active worker in disseminating the truths of Chris- tianity. GOTLIEB CONRAD ROESLE.— The life of the late Gotlieb C. Roesle was like an open book, read and understood by the people of Canton, among whom he dwelt. He was a native of Germany, born in the town of Illingen^ near Stuttgart, August 4, 1826, and at an early age was left an orphan by the death of his fa- ther.V After attending school until his -four- teenthyear, he served an apprenticeship at the tailor's trade and becoming an efficient work- man, followed his chosen calling in Germany until locating in the city of New York. After spending several years in that city, he set out for Zoar, Ohio, where certain relatives were then livin„g, traveling the greater part of the way on foot, riding only when invited to do so by farmers and others driving along the high- way. While crossing the Ohio river with a com- panion who had joined him en route, an attempt was made by a gang of foot-pads to rob the two just as they reached the opposite shore. Young Roesle succeeded in breaking away from the robl^ers and, climbing the steep bank, ran S8i OLD LANDMARKS into the thicket, where he remained concealed xinti! he could stealthily creep into the woods near by. This reached, he ran at full speed un- til completely exhausted, when he lay down to rest and, falling asleep, spent the night alone in the heart of the deep forest. In the morning he resumed the journey, footsore and alone and after experiencing many hardships and vicissi- tudes finally reached the home of his relations Avhere he was received with open arms. After remaining a while at Zoar with his friends, Mr. Roesle proceeded on his journey until reaching Canton and here he began working at his trade and in due time built a large and lucrative busi- ness. A few years after his arrival at Canton he was united in marriage with Miss Mary Prince, who lived but a short time thereafter. Having ■established himself in a well-paying business Air. Roesle, in i860, returned to Germany for the puqjose of bringing his mother to the Inited States. The great Civil war breaking out soon after he reached the old country, his mother, being fearful of the conditions resulting therefrom, could not be induced to leave home, in consequence of wluch he decided to remain across the water until the strife should cease. During the ensuing five years he acted as a local minister in Germany and at the end of that time. iti company with his mother, he returned to Canton, Ohio, where he again opened a shop and resumed the tailoring business. Mr. Roesle married for his second wife a widow by the name of Mrs. Hoover, but their wedded life was also of short duration, being- terminated by the death of Mrs. Roesle a few ^•ea^s later. Subsequently, October 3, 1876. lie entered the marriage ixlation with Miss jMarv Miller, who bore him one child. Edwin Ceorge, who lives with his widowed mother in (Canton at the present time. Mr. Roesle suc- ceeded well in his business as long as he was jihysically able to prosecute it, and in the course of years reaped the results of his industry and good management in a comfortable competence. including, besides a liberal share of personal propert}-, a tine liome on the corner of Third and Orchard streets, which he built in 1886. He was a potential factor among his German fellow citizens nf Canton and always main- tained a lively interest in whatever concerned their welfare. He also stood high in the esteem of the people irrespective of nationality and all who came \\'ithin the range of his influence were profuse in their praise of his many sterling qualities and upright, maul}- conduct. He was reared according to the faith of the German Lutheran church and for a numlier of years was one of the leaders of the congrega- tion worshipping in Canton, serving as superin- tendent of the Sunday school Ijesides holding- other official positions in the organization. In politics he generally voted the Democratic ticket, but in city and county affairs paid little attention to party ties. Mr. Roesle was a gen- tleman of quiet demeanor and made his pres- ence felt by a correct life, rather than by a dis- play of words. He was the soul of honor in business transactions and in social circles im- pressed all with w hom he came in contact by his integrity and upright Christian character. He died, deeply lamented by his immediate family and the public generally, on the 3rd da}- of Ma_\-, 1899. Mrs. Mary Roesle, who is still living, was born March 8, 1841, in Germany and three weeks after her birth her parents set sail for tlie United States, embarking at the city of Bremen. W'hile on the sea, the child was taken danger- ously ill and despite all that oiuld be done for her she gradtially grew worse until the physi- cian gave her up to die. To all appearatices she did pass away and preparations were matle to consign the little body to the waxes. While matters were being arranged for the sad cere- mony of sliding the remains o\-erboard, the pJiy- sician forttinately discovered sig-ns of life and with all haste possible went to work to restore animation, .\fter much labor he tinallv sue- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 883 ceedeci in resuscitating the child, who at once began to improve and from that time until the end of the voyage she daily grew in strength and vitalit}'. But for the physician's timely dis- co\ery the body would have been consigned to the deep, the escape from death bordering al- most upon the miraculous. Mrs. Roesle's parents landed at New York and from that city proceeded via Bufifalo and Cleveland to Massillon, Ohio, making their way to the latter place by canal. Her father, Air. ]\Iiller, located at ]\Iassillon and there spent the remainder of his life, dying in 1875 "^^ the age of eighty-tive years; his widow survi\ed initil 1878 when she, too, entered into rest, aged seventy-nine. Of their three children, Mrs. Roesle was the youngest, the other two being AN'illiam, a business man of Massillon, and Au- gustus, also a resident of that city. Mrs. Roesle was reared and educated in Massillon and until marriage spent the greater part of her life at that place. She is a lady of many admirable traits of character, a sincere Christian and is highly esteemed in the social circles in which she moves. Her son, Edwin Cieorge Roesle, -was horn in Canton, August 6, 1877, received his preliminary education in the public schools and was graduated from the city high school in i8q6, at the age of nineteen. From his early boyhood he manifested a great liking and decided skill in the way of fine me- chanical work and while still a mere boy could take apart and put together with the utmost nicety the most delicate watch. On leaving school he spent one year in a drug store and at the end of that time took up watchmaking and the jeweler's trade in the establishment of Waiter Deuber, of this city. He is still in that gentleman's employ and has steadily ad\anced in workmanship until he is now considered one of the most skilled artisans in the establishment. He is a young man of good habits and excellent social standing and has before him a bright and promising- fu.ture. JOHN REX BUCHER was born in the old family homestead, which stood on the site of the present Barnett hotel, at the corner of East Tuscarawas and Cherry streets, the date of his birth being August 29, 1827. He was a son of Jacob and Christina (Rex) Bucher, who were natives of Pennsylvania. Jacob Bucher was of German lineage and was reared to maturity in the Keystone state, whence he came to Canton in the early pioneer epoch, securing large tracts of land in the county and becoming an influential citizen, both he and his wife dying in Canton. They became the parents of twelve children, of whom three are living at the present time, namely : Har- riet married a Mr. Doxie, of Massillon; Amelia married a Mi]. Hafileigh, nf Philadelphia; Catharine is unmarried. John R. Bucher was early called upon to assume individual responsibilities and contrib- uted his full share to the culti\ation and im- pro\-ement of the farm land Dwned by his fa- ther. As a youth the subject of this memoin was fond of study, having a very receptive mind, and thus he availed himself of such op- portunities as presented for attending the common schools of the place and period, while his ap])reciative application in all the later years of his life made him a man of broad and comprehensive information. At the age of seventeen years Mr. Bucher engaged in the clothing business, in which he was associated w ith John Danner, they establishing a business on a small scale at Carrollton, in the adjoining county of Carroll. Subsequently he disposed of his interest in this enterprise and entered the employ of Charles Rawson, a pioneer mer- chant of Massillon. After remaining a num- ber of years in that city, which was then a small village, he returned to Canton and here es- tablished himself in the mercantile business on the south side of the public sfpiare, his head- quarters being in a building which stood on the present site of Ream's grocer}-, while later he 884 OLD LANDMARKS removed to the Eagle block, on West Tusca- rawas street, near Market street. Subse- quently Mr. Bucber and John Banner agaui became associated in business, their enterprise at this time taking- a more pretentious form, since they engaged in the manufacture of stoves, the venture proving successful under their energetic and careful management. In i to the time of his death. In Canton, on the nth of September, 1856, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Bucher to ]\Iiss Emma Wikidal, who was bom here, be- ing a daughter of the late Martin Wikidal, who was one of the prominent and honored pioneer merchants and bankers of Canton, an individual tribute to his memory appearing on other pages of this work, so that a recapitula- tion of the family and personal history is not demanded at this point. Mrs. Bucher was born in the old Wikidal homestead, which stood on the site of the present Folwell building, in Canton, and in her girlhood she attended the Canton Female Seminary, conducted by the Goshorns, while later she continued her studies in an excellent Moravian seminary at Lititz, Pennsylvania, where she completed her edu- cation. She recalls that during her childhood days Canton was a small village, and that the ?ite of the present home of Mrs. George D. Barter, on North Market street, was consid- ered to be in the country. Mrs. Bucher still resides in her beautiful home, at 822 North }.Iarket street, the same being doubly dear to her through the grateful memories and asso- ciations of the past, and in the days of her wid- owhood she is solaced and comforted by the love of her children and exceptionally wide circle of friends, having long taken a prominent part in the social life of Canton, which has ever been her home. Of the children of Mr. and Mrs. Bucher we enter the following data in conclusion of this sketch : Helen is the wife of William J. Poyser, secretary of the Bucher ik Gibbs Plow Company; Martin W., who married Miss Catherine Cobaugh ; and Clara, the wife of Willis H. Shanafelt, of Canton. PROF. J. M. WYMAN.— For many years the subject of this sketch has been engaged in teaching- in the public schools of Canton and elsewhere and is well entitled to representation in the biographical history of Stark county. His ancestors were among the earliest settlers on the New England coast and it is a well-au- thenticated fact that his genealogy is directly traceable to one of the Puritan immigrants who came over in the Mayflower. The name Wyman has been familiar in various parts of Massachusetts from the earliest history of the state and from the frequency with which it appears those bearing it in olden times must have been people of no inconsiderable import- ance. Without attempting a closely connected family history in this connection, suffice it to state that George Wyman, the subject's grand- father and a lineal descendant of the original Puritan referred to, was born in Massachu- setts, and when a young man went to West- moreland county, Pennsylvania, where he mar- ried a lady by the name of Polly Frye. Sub- sequently he and his family migrated to Stark county, Ohio, and settled in the woods near the present site of Minerva, Mr. Wyman hav- ing some time previously entered eighty acres of land in that section, and on this he built his small cabin home and began life in the man- ner of the pioneers. With the assistance of his sons, some of whom were strong men at the time, he developed a farm on which he spent the remainder of his life, dying at the age -of sixty years. His widow survived him a num- ber of years, being ninety-four when called from the scenes of her earthly labors and trials. George Wyman was twice married, Polly 886 OLD LANDMARKS Fry being his second wife. By a former mar- riage he had several children, one of whom, George, lived the greater part of his life in the county of Stark, d}ing here a number of years ago. The second marriage resulted in the birth of two sons, Jacob, who died in Kos- ciusko county, Indiana, and Abraham, the fa- ther of the subject of this review. Abraham Wyman was born in Westmore- land county. Pennsylvania. July i, 1822, and was three years old \vhen his parents mo\-ed to Ohio. He grew to mature years amid the stirring scenes of the pioneer period and in a rude cabin on the banks of Still Fork was taught those homely virtues and manly princi- ples which made him a useful citizen in after life. A\'ith the exception of nine months' at- tendance at a ]X)or subscription school, he had nri educatiDnal advantages, hut 1)a' poring o\'er sucli books ;is he could procure he suljsequent- ly liecame quite proficient in several branches of study. ^Yhen a youth of sixteen he hired out to a farmer by the name of Messimore, be- tween whose daughter, Julia Ann. and himself a warm attachment soon sprang up, which led to marriage six years later, the ceremony being- solemnized on the 7th day of November, 1844. Mrs. \V)-man was born at New Chambersburg, Columbiana county, Ohio, August 21, 1S25, the daughter of Henry aufl Sarah Messimore, of jNIassachusetts. Mr. ]\lessimore in an earlv day emigrated to Westmoreland county, Penn- sylvania, thence, about 1820. to Columbiana county, CMiio, where he lived tlie life of a farmer. Shortly after his marriage Abraham Wy- man took up the trade of stonemasonrv and worked at the same for a number of years in the county of Columbiana and other parts of eastern Ohio. Later he purchased, in Paris township. Stark county, what is locally known as the Shepard farm, on which formerly stood one of the oldest fulling-mills in this part of the state, and from that time on he devoted all of his attention to the pursuit of agriculture. .Subsequently, in 1892, he sold ninety of the one hundred and sixty acres which the place contained and in 1898 disposed of the remain- der, meanwhile, from 1885 to the present time, making his home with his son. the subject of this sketch, his wife having died in 1866. The following are the names of the children born to Abraham, and Julia Ann Wyman : Rachel married Philip Harsh and died at the age of thirty-nine: b'rank is a farmer living near Ouida. Ohio; J. M., of this review; Smith is a telegraph operator and station agent in the em- ploy of a railroad in Idaho; Lavina died in childhood and Alpheus also departed this life when quite young. Mr. ^^'yman has lived to a ripe old age, and has always been a good citi- zen and useful member of society. Years ago he and wife united witli tlie tiernian Baptist church, in the faith of which the latter quietly passed to her eternal rest and in the hope of which the devoted hus])an(I. true to her mem- ory, is proceeding" calmlv onward to the twi- light and^he joiu'ney's end. Prof. J. M. Wyman was born on the old homestearl in Paris township. Stark count}", Aug"ust 6, 1857. When nine years old he lost that best of all earthly friends, his mother, aft- er which his early training was only too sadly neglected. \\'ithout tlie hrm but gentle inllu- ence wiiich none but a mother can exercise, he was permitted largely to follow his own in- clinations, the result being" the development of an independent and rather wa\ward disposi- tion .which his father and afterwards his teach- ers founil it difficult to curb. The father's absence from home while Avorking at his trade left the lad to follow his own sweet will and being thrown in the company of otiiers as full of life and vigor as himself, he .s<^)on became exceedingly impatient of any kind i"if restraint. Until his eighth year he ne\"er saw the interior 6f a school house as a pupil and he was fully aware tint he could not distinguish one letter CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 887 fi'om another. When he finally entered school it was to canse liis teaclier. i\Iiss Molhe Rouch, no end of trouble, ■ and to suppress the animal spirits of the Httle reiiel, she was obliged fre- quently to test the efficacy of a handful of tough willows. -Miss Rouch's experience was about the same as of several of her successors and it was not until about his fourteenth year that the wayward l)oy opened his eyes to the advantages and real necessity of educational training. Finalh' a teacher Iiv the name ol liiliu fTart took charge of the school and to him yunng AVyiuan yielded a rather reluctant obethence. Taking advice from his better judg- ment, the Ijoy at last resolved to make the most of his opportunities and, applying himself dili- gentl}- to his studies, soon made such ad\-ance- nu-nt as to place himself at the head of nearly all of his classes. From now on his progress \\as rapid and in every way commendable, and in a few years he had so mastered the common branches as to pass successfully the rctpiired examination for a teacher's license. Mr. Wy- man received his first certificate when eighteen years old, but did not begin teaching until the year following, when he took charge of the Oneida district at a compensation of one dollar and forty cents per day. His first term ])ro\ed eminently, satisfactory and such was the repu- tation be achieved in i-nanaging what was con- sidered a difficult school that the patrons of adjoining districts made a liberal ofifen for his services the following year. Accepting their proposition, he not only taught the ensuing year in iheir district, but continued there for eight successi\-e terms, meantime spending his \aca- tions attending school with the oljject in \iew of fitting himself for greater efficiency as an instructor. To this end he spent the spring and summer seasons from 1879 to 1881 inclusive in Ada College, and during the spring and fall of 1882-83 pursued his studies in Mt. Union College. Following this, he taught the Pleas- ant Valley school f(nu" }-ears and later spent the same length of time with the Ouida sch(ji J. after which he taught one term in the Roberts- \ille district. Fie then took charge of the schools of Pekin, Carroll county, where he taught five terms, and at the expiration of his period of service there he accepted, in 1892. . the principalship of the North Cherry Street school, Canton. After filling this position two years Prof. Wyman was transferred to the East Fourth Street building, where he remainecf diu'ing the ensuing six years, at the end ot whic time he was returned to the North Cherry Street school, his ])resent ]ilace of labor. Prof. Wyman is identified witli the Stark County Teachers' Institute and the Ohio State Teachers' Association, being a regular attend- ant at their sessions and an active participant in their deliberations. As a teacher he has feu- equals in Stark county and his name is widel\* known in the educational circles of the state. He is a fine scholar, a polished gentleman and possesses in a marked degree those traits of character which insure success in his chosen calling and popularity in (lie domain of citizen- ship. His career as an educator presents a series of continued advancements and his pres- ent responsible position has been won by merit alone. Prof. Wyman is not entirely tied down by the claims of his profession, but is a public- spirited man. deeiily interested in whatever concerns the material and moral good of the city and county of his residence. Fie is a mem- ber of the Masonic lodge in this city and for a number of years has been a zealous worker in the First Presbyterian church of Canton, in which he now holds the office of elder. Be- fore moving to Canton he was for six year.? elder of the Bethlehem church, served three years as superintendent of the Sunday school of that organization, besides holding for the same length of time the superintendency of the Sunday school with which he is at present connected. Prof. Wyman is a liberal in poli- tics, but in state and national affairs generallv S8S OLD LANDMARKS supports the Democratic party. He reads much, keeps himself well informed upon cur- rent events and national issues and has no hesitancy in expressing" his opinions. He dis- cliarges the duties of citizenship as becomes an intelligent, broad-minded American and in every relation of life endeavors to live up to the right as he sees and understands the right. Prof, ^\■yman was married on the i6th of Tebrxiary, 1S82, to Miss Althea M. Crowl, •whose birth occurred near Minerva, this coun- ty, May 28, 1 861. Mrs. Wyman is the daugh- ter of George W. and Caroline (McNamara) Crowl, the father deceased, the mother still living. Prof, and Mrs. Wyman are the parents of four children, namely: Myrtle J., born March 8. 1883; Victor G., born July 8, 1892; 'Wilbur 1'".. born July 2, 1895, and Wilma Caroline, who was Ijorn on the 25th of Au- gust, iqoj ; the twn older were born in the town of Minerva, the other two in the city of Canton. GEORGE H. WALLACE was secretary of New Mexico at the time of his sudden pass- ing away, which carried bereavement to a large circle of friends throughout the United States and in various parts of the world. Of Scotch- Irish ancestry, the sturdy traits of the Scot found an able exponent in him who bore the name so dear to those who trace their lineage to "Old Scotland." From childhood he was known to all who came in contact with him as "a true Wallace." His grandfather, George Wallace, with his brother Robert, sons of James Wallace, went from New Hampshire to Youngstown, Ohio, in 1795, where they en- gaged in surveying. They afterwards located on the site of the present city of Cleveland, and were largely interested and instrumental in the development of that section in the early part of the last century. Dr. Perkins Wallace, father of the deceased, was educated at Cin- cinnati, and in 1834 was married at Canton, Ohio, to Rebekah, daughter of William and Elizabeth Seabury Fisk Raynolds, in the home- stead on South Market street, by the Rev. Tim- othy Hopkins, the Presbyterian minister. Cap- tain Fisk, a retired wealthy sea-captain, went to Canton in 1810 and invested in a large tract of land, taking with him from Rhode Island his motherless and only child, Betsy. In 181 1 she became the wife of William Raynolds, recorder of the United States land office, whose father, Major William Raynolds, removed from Vir- ginia to Zanesville, Ohio, in 1802. The son William settled in Stark county in 1808. An active business man, he established a sawmill, large flour and woolen mills. He died at the early age of thirty-seven years. Dr. and Mrs. Wallace lived at Massillon ; later they resided for a time at Akron, where, on December 26, 1842, their son, George II. Wallace, was born. They removed to Massil- lon, where the residence built by Dr. Wallace is still st;uiduig. In 1847 they returned lo Canton, to reside permanently in the old home- stead built by Captain Fisk for his daughter, the mother of Mrs. Wallace, and where she, ]Mrs. Raynolds, died in 1853. Of the seven children born to Dr. and Mrs. Wallace, only one, the youngest, Cora Bell Wallace — Mrs. W. R. Farrand, of Detroit — survives. Mr. Wallace was educated in the public schools of Canton, in the organization of which his father had taken a most active part. He be- came a favorite pupil of Miss Betsy Cowles, who was a graduate from Oberlin and a well- known educator in northern Ohio. His warm attachment and grateful appreciation of her thorough teaching were often manifested in later life. At this early stage he developed a special aptitude for mathematics. His interest in public afifairs, in national questions, may be directly traced to the influence and early teach- ing" of his father, one of the ablest physicians in northern Ohio, who was for several years an £h0 ^i,/'.^t^'i'//a2,- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 889 invalid, suffering from asthma, which resulted from the fatigue and exposure incident to a large practice in that early day. Rarely is the influence and teaching of the parent more marked, and the attachment between parent and child stronger, than in the case of Dr. Wallace and his son — "My dear son," as he was al- ways called by the father in his letters or in his diaries, so carefully and methodically kept. The boy read much aloud in those stirring times, when conditions were leading on to the Civil war ; and the father spared no time, no pains, to give clearly, and in detail, correct knowledge and thorough understanding of all he read — a gift he possessed in rare degree, and which also developed in the son. Many, both children and adults, have admired the accurate and lucid explanations of obscure points so aptly and readily given by Mr. Wallace. His uncle. General W. F. Raynolds, of the engineer corps in the regular army, was placed in command of an expedition for the exploration of the Yellow- stone and Missouri rivers in May, 1859. His nephew, but little more than sixteen years of age, was made a member of it. His duty was to make astronomical observations, and to cal- culate latitude and longitude, which proved con- genial work, as he inherited from his mother a liking for mathematics. It was hoped that roughing it m the mountains might materially aid in strengthening a delicate constitution. That hope was realized. From a slender lad of scarce more than one hundred pounds he re- turned, at the end of eighteen months, weigh- ing one hundred and sixty pountls, and the father's joy was expressed in the greeting. "Thank God, he is big !" The mountain experience proved a never- failing source of pleasure and interest, not only to himself but to others, by reason of his gift of vivid portrayal of scene and incident. His naturally keen powers of observation were quickened and developed, his love of nature was cultivated, and his knowledge of men and life was extended. It was an education of a rare and beneficial kind, under exceptionally favor- able conditions and guidance. The white man for the first time saw the smoke of the Yellow- stone Geysers, and looked down into the won- derful section since made the National Park. Professor Hayden, of the Smithsonian Insti- tution, was a member of the party, as was also Colonel James Stevenson, afterwards a famous collector for the Smithsonian, then learning his first lessons with Professor Hayden. The col- lection of birds made by the expedition was classified, arranged and described by Dr. Elliott Coues, whose book on "The Birds of the North- west," among the earliest of his works, is still the recognized authority on that subject. The last two summers of the life of this eminent and lamented scientist, a warm personal friend of Mr. Wallace, were spent in Santa Fe in study and research. The association thus made pos- sible was a source of much pleasure to both. The government report of this important and interesting expedition was lost sight of in the exciting events of the Civil war. Mr. Wallace was not permitted, on account of his physical constitution, either to pursue a collegiate educa- tion or to enter upon the confining duties of a professional life, which seemed most unfortu- nate, as he was posses.sed of an eminently legal mind. When the Civil war began he was pursuing a special course of study in an institution at Cleveland, Ohio. He gave himself at once to his country's defence, and the first duty to which he was assigned was the hospital service. Afterwards, as division superintendent of mili- tary telegraphs, he served in the Army of the Cumberland, but always where he could be readily released if summons came from his in- valid father. After the war he engaged in com- mercial life, upon which he entered first at Wil- mington. Delaware, then at Omaha, Nebraska. But not until 1868 did the final message come which summoned him home. It was a source of Sgo OLD LANDMARKS lifelong sorrow and regret that he was unable, on account of distance from the railway, to re- turn in time for his father's blessing". With his sister, he tenderly nursed his mother in her last painful illness in 1870. On March 14, 1 871, he was married at Wilmington, Dela- ware, to Miss Eliza Bradley Jones, who died of consumption on the 31st of the same month. He was at Omaha through that most interest- ing' time in its history, the building of the Union Pacific Raih\ay. I^ater, connected with a man- ufacturing firm at Canton, he travelled exten- si\el)' throughout the states. Always active in church work, he aided materially, while at Canton,, in keeping up the services in St. Paul's Episcopal church, acting as lay reader under Bishop Bedell. On October 14, 1875, he was married at Massillon, Ohio, to Miss Catharine .\. Patten, niece and ward of Thomas McCul- lough. ]\Iost of the centennial year was spent at Philadelphia. In the spring of 1877, seeking the benefit of an cnitdoor life, he bought a plantation in How- ard county, Missouri, one of the oldest-settled and most conser\-ati\'e sections of the state, the home of many of the most eminent Missouri statesmen and officials, where he engaged in sheep-raising and wool-growing'. With his strong Republican principles and patriotic tem- perament he soon entered upon his political duties and organized the county and district, and had Republican tickets out for each elec- tion. He was chairman of the congressional committee, and for ten years a member of the state central committee. In 1888 he declined the nomination for congress, and, although the convention had adjourned, they met again and re-nominated him. The following day, most unexpectedly to him. he was nominated by ac- clamation, in the state convention, for lieuten- ant-governor. Then followed one of the most exciting, vigorous campaigiis ever conducted in Missouri. At the election Mr. Wallace ran several thousand ahead of the ticket. As a result of the wearing campaign, bronchial trouble and asthma developed, necessitating a change. For months his Hfe seemed to hang by a thread. Under the care and skillful treat- ment of Dr. Biggar, of Cleveland, the bron- chial affection was healed and the asthmatic conditions reheved, though not entirely over- come. While residing on his plantation, which was four niiles from Fayette, the county seat, he acted as lay reader under Bishop Robertson in the little parish of St. Mary, one of the oldest in the diocese of ^Missouri, taking the services one Sunday in each month for some years, during the ministration of the venerable father. Rev. J. L. Gay. When the time came to leave this section, the expressions of regret, of appre- ciation and of kindly good-will, came fi^om all. of Avhatever creed or political faith. An ardent protectionist, and believing that "the wool tariff is the keystone of the arch of protection," Mr. Wallace, working always in the interest of the farmer, the jiroducer, gave ■ careful studv to the question of the tariff on wool. As president of the ^Missouri Wool- Gro\\ers' Association, his energy and ability made that organization one of the most acti\'e in the country. Through his efforts in enlist- ing the interest of the citizens of St. Louis, and the members of the Cotton and Wool Ex- change, the Wool-Growers' First National Convention and Sheep-Shearing was held in that city in 1886, with Hon. Columbus Delano, ex-secretary of the interior, as president, and General Sherman one of the speakers. Dele- gates were attendance from New England, the northern states, the west and southwest, and from Old ]\Iexico. A large sum of nioney, contributed in St. Louis, was paid as premi- ums in the competitive sheep-shearing. As secretary of the National Wool-Grow- ers" Association he spent the winter of 1889-90 in Washingttin, working with Hon. Columbus Delano and Judge Lawrence in the formation CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 891 of schedule "K" of the ]\IcKinley tariff bill. His appointment as consul-general to Mel- bourne was delayed till the bill had passed the lower house of the national congress in the last week of J\lay. After he had left Washington in preparation for the journey abroad he was called back to \\-ork for its passage in the sen- ate, and did not sail from San Francisco till three months later. His appointment as con- sul-general to Australasia was not made as a lo- cal one credited to Missouri, but, as President Harrison stated, it was a national one, asked for and lu^ged 1)}" the wool interests from Bos- ton to California, from Oregon to Texas. In August, 1890, he sailed for Melbourne. Dur- ing his residence in that city, while the present governor-g-eneral of the federated colonies, the Earl of Hopetoun. a true and loyal Scotch- man, \\as governor of Victoria, he won the confidence and esteem of all. Before he com- jjleted his term of office he visited each of the fiN'e colonies of Australia, also Tasmania and New Zealand, thus gaining personal knowledge of the \'arious consulates, and was the first Ignited States representative to visit, officially, the ports of \A"est Australia. He travelled as the guest of the go\'ernment, and every cour- tesy, official and social, was shown him. When by reason of the change in our national admin- istration, he returned to the United States, universal regret was expressed. It mav well be doubted if any representati\'e of the United States go\-ernment to Australia equalled him, from a social as \\ell as a commercial stand- point, in kindling warm and kindly 4'eelings toward the United States. The thorough study he gave to the wool industry of Australasia resulted in an exhaustive special consular report which has proved invaluable to the wool inter- ests in our country. The Ijetter part of a year was occupied in making the journev Ijack to the United States liy the perilous passage along the coast of Queensland : passing Thursday Island: tln-ough the Arafura and Flores seas to Java; through the straits of Sunda to "In- dia's utmost isle," "'heavenly Ceylon," which he loved so well ; spending several weeks in In- dia, followed by a month in Egypt; across the Mediterranean to Italy, over the Alps, through Switzerland to Paris and London, thence to New York ; thus completing the circuit of the globe. Attracted by the favorable climatic condi- tions of New Mexico, the winter of 1895-96 was spent at Las Vegas, and the following- winter at Santa Fe. Mr, Wallace organized the New Mexico- Wool-Growers' Association, of which he was made an honorary member, and, as ever, was at work with his pen to fur- ther the cause of protection and the sheep in- dustry. In April, 1897, he was called to Wash- ington b_v Judge Lawrence, to a meeting of the National Association, to assist in securine' protection for the wool-gro'wers in the formu- lation of the Dmgley tariff bill. Early in June he was appointed l)y President McKinley sec- retary of the territory of New Mexico. He re- mained at Washington a month after, working in the interest of the wool-growers, confident he could thus better serve the people of New Mexico than by at once assuming- the duties of his office. His interest in this subject never flagg'ed. Notwithstanding the many demands on his time and strength, he responded liber- ally to the constant solicitations from the press for \\ool-tariff propaganda. Official duties pre- \eiUed his attendance at the meeting of the National Association of Wool-Growers at Salt Lake City in January. 1901 ; however, he prepared the prcigram, and, by request, furn- ished twi) of the papers read in that convention. The fondness for travel de^•eloped in early life was never lost. Aside from the physical benefit, no opportunity thus afforded for enrich- ing his funrl of information escaped so keen an oljserver as JNIr. Wallace; and. being thor- ough and practical, he lost no detail. His resig- nation had l>een in the hands of the President 892 OLD LANDMARKS for several months, and plans were being made for rest and foreign travel when the duties of the office, necessarily confining, should be given over, when the final end came. His life had been varied and eventful, his talents versatile, and his attainments only limited by physical infirmities. He was a man of indomitable energy and perseverance, sterling integrity, un- swerving loyalty and devotion to duty, with marvelous patience and cheeerfulness and Christlike forbearance. In all his physicial suffering no complaint was ever heard. Of a delicately-sensitive organization, sympathetic, tenderhearted as a child, he was always ready with a kind word, a cheering smile and a help- ing hand to brighten the lives and lighten the cares and sorrows of others. The precious memory of the beautiful life, so lovingly un- selfish, so tenderly gentle, so patiently cheerful, so firmly upright, . lingers — lives to bless, to strengthen, to sweeten many lives. It seems eminently fitting that the passing of the spirit came quietly, without a pain or struggle. At the dawn of the early morning the gates of Life were opened, and the patient spirit entered in. His death occurred on April 13, 1901, at Santa Fe, New Mexico. Many tributes have been given to Mr. Wallace's ability and worth, among them the following being noteworthy : People who have met Mr. Wallace, the United States consul-general to Australia, will regret that the system of political patronage that prevails in America necessitates a change of consuls with a change of gov- ernment. A typical American in face, manner and speech, the retiring representative of the government at Washington has made for himself scores— nay hun- dreds—of good, sound friends in this country, who will not soon forget him. He is a capital public speaker. T-Iis oration at the Columbus Centenary celebration last vear was a model.— Melbourne Argus. August, 1893. The retirement of Mr. G. H. Wallace from the American consulship in Melbourne is. naturally, a sub- ject for regret. .'\t the mayor's luncheon, yesterday, Mr. Wallace was good enough to say that the consul- general to Victoria has not been recalled, as he would always be a permanent resident in the colony, although represented by different individuals. But that is a mat- ter which calls for regret. The position is unchanged, but the men are different. But with no feeling of dis- respect to Mr. Wallace's unknown successor, it may still be pointed out that the former's continuance in ofificial position would be exceptionally pleasing to Mel- bourne citizens. It must be of some concern to the country interested to have its affairs looked up by a gen- tleman who enjoys the respect and confidence of all circles. This was the position occupied by Mr. Wal- lace ; consequently, it is a pity that circumstances do not permit of the extension of his stay in Victoria.^ Melbourne Evening Standard, August 10, 1893. To George H. Wallace, Esq., United States Consul- General to Australasia at Melbourne : Dear Sir : We learn that, by reason of the change in admin- istration, yoii are soon to return to the United States, and we desire to express our appreciation of the val- uable services you have rendered during your residence among us as consul-general to Australasia, and to bear testimony to the prompt attention and courtesy you have extended to all having business connected with the consulate, to the patience and readiness with which you have furnished valuable information, to your in- terest in and study of the development of our indus- tries, with a view to facilitate and increase trade rela- tions between the United -States and Australia. The uniform urbanity and manly patriotism with which you have discharged your duties — business, of- ficial and social, have not only gained for you the es- teem and regard of the entire community, but en- deared you to them personally, and we trust the pleas- ant, interested association j'ou have had with us may help to draw the people and interests of the two great countries, America and Australia, into closer relation- ship. Ill expressing our regret at the severance of the pleasant relations which for the past three years have existed, we desire to add the hope that health and pros- perity may attend you, and that you will cherish pleasant memories of Australia and her people. We are. dear sir. yours, very truly, Str James B. P.mterson, Premier of Victoria. Some men die, and their passing away makes scarcely a noticeable impression on the community. Others die, and everybody stops and wonders, and is sad. Even little children are made unhappy. The death of Secretary Wallace was a shock to Santa Fe. He had so identified himself with the community's life and welfare that bis loss was like a personal be- reavement. It will be a long time before Santa Fe can forget his .genial personality, his devotion to her CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. «93 best interests, his work as a citizen and officer, and his steadfastness as a friend. Mr. Wallace took up his work as Secretary of the Territory comparatively unknown to the rank and file of its citizens. Tie at once evinced'such capacity for the duties of his ofhce, and such integrity and fidelity, as won for him the esteem and confidence of our best public men. This esteem and confidence he held until he died. Indeed, 1 have heard it said repeatedly by well-infornicd men that no one has ever occupied offi- cial position in New Mexico who was better equipped by business ability and culture and unswerving honesty than Secretary Wallace. This is high tribute, and well deserved. It is all the more notable when one reflects upon the general reputation of public men in this op- pressed territory, and when one considers the opportu- nities for dishonesty and the chances of escaping de- tection. To lose such an officer as Secretary Wallace is a public calamity, and especially so at this time, when men of strong character are needed to save New Mexico from the greed of irresponsible officialism. No man had the interests of the territory more pro- foundly at heart. He believed in the territory's re- sources and possibilities, and was stirred by a strong de- sire to promote her best development. He was anxious to do something to overcome the difficulties that have so long retarded her progress, and that ought never to have been in her way. I have talked with him again and a.^ain on public aft'airs. and 1 know that New Mexico had no stauncher friend. He had large faith in the ca- pacity of the native people, and always spoke in deep interest of them. He condemned indignantly the .shameless instances in which the personal greed of the American had robbed them of their rights, and he saw that nothing but honorable dealing with our Mexican population wo\ild win them to good government and bring the territory to fitness for larger responsibilities. If New Mexico had always been governed by men of his convictions and capacity, she would have been long ago in her place among the sisterhood of states. It has been worth while that Secretary Wallace came among us, even for so few years. His manly life, his straightforward public career, his fine example every- where, will not soon fade from memory. He has left a record to be emulated by our boys and young men. On moral questions, his position was wise and .strong. He lent his influence to every public good. He en- couraged every progressive enterprise. He was a re- ligious man, but not narrow. His friends were in all denominations. A thorough Protestant, he numbered among his closest associates many e.xcellent Catholics. His gentle tolerance and kindly spirit made him be- loved by all creeds. One other thought. His home was the synonym for hospitality. How many have been at his table and enjoyed his sincere friendliness ! His devoted wife was his happy counterpart. They were among the first to welcome me and my family to Santa Fe, and the warmth of their welcome is still a pleasant recollection. To say that these good people are missed seems little ; but what words can more strongly express their worth and the vacancy they have left in many hearts? They are sadly missed. Another Wallace made the old Palace famous by his Ben-Hur. This Wallace and his lovely wife have made it famous by their hospitality. Long may the memory of their residence spread its fragrance among us ! W. Haves Moore, Pastor Presbyterian Church, Santa Fe, N. M. The foregoing paragraphs are in the main quoted from a memorial sketch prepared for circulation among friends of the deceased. JOHN E. RARER.— Among the pros- perous industries which contrilnite to the pres- tige of the city and county is that conducted under the title of the Columbia Iron & Wire Works, of which the subject of this review is proprietor, being recognized as one of the en- ergetic and representative liusiness men of C'antoii. The concern has a large and well equipped plant and the same is given over to the manufacture of builders' iron, wire and brass goods of divers descriptions, including archi- tectural iron work, wire and brass work of every sort, wire window guards, elevator cabs and enclosures, liank and office railings, and iron stairs, fencing, fire escapes and other specialties. The plant is located at Union street and in juxtaposition to the tracks of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, thus controlling excellent shipping facilities. John E. Raber was born on a farm sixteen miles south of the city of Fort Wayne, Indiana, on the 31st of October, 1864, being a son of Emanuel and Harriet (Myers) Raber, the former of whom is a native of Stark countv and representative of one of its pioneer families, having been born in Greentbwn, and having been a resident of Canton for more than thirty years. His wife was liorn in Millheim. Sum- mit county, this state, her father having re- moved there from Pennsylvania and was an 894 OLD LANDMARKS early pioneer farmer. She died in Uniontown, tliis count}', in 1873, and her husband later married Mrs. Mary Daum, who is still living. \\ hen the sul)jcct of this sketch was four years of age his parents remo\-ed to Uniontown, this county, and he passed his boyhood days in that village and Greentown, while his tirst educa- tional advantages were comprised in attending two winter terms in the country schools and two in the public schools of Canton, while la- ter he was a student in the high school and con- tinued his studies for one term in Oberlin Col- lege, after which he effectively supplemented tliis discipline by taking a three years' course in the Ohio Xornial University, at Ada. He then returned to Canton, his funds being entirely exhausted at the time of reaching his home city, and he walked from this place to Akron, having no mone}' with which to pay railroad fare, and there he took the teachers' examina- tion, having just enough money left to buy a simple luncheon after thus proving that his mental resources were not at so low an ebb as his financial. He then returned on foot to Canton and w;is employed in the harvest tield during that summer, also selling implements for the handling of hay. In the autumn he was matriculated in the Indiana Normal School & Business University, at Valparaiso, Indiana, where he continued his studies for two years, working on a farm in Stark county during his vacation. Thereafter he was suc- cessfully engaged in teaching school in Sum- mit county for the ensuing four years, princi- pally at Lake View, in the mining district, and his experience with the somewhat incorrigible children of the miners taxed both his mental and physical powers. This school was also taught previously by his father, who there had his first pedagogic experience. In 1888 he was married in that county, and shortly after- ward he removed to Detroit, Michigan, where he entered the employ of J. E. Bolles & Com- pany, manufacturers of iron and wire goods, remaining with this concern four, years and gaining an intimate knowledge of the business in its various details. In 1893 ^^^ returned to Canton and engaged in the same line of enter- ])rises on his own account, and here he has suc- ceeded in building up a large and profitable business under the title of the Columbia Iron & \Vire Works. In Summit county, Ohio, on the 5th of April. 1888, Mr. Raber was united in marriage to Miss Emma Moss, who was born in that county, being a daughter of William and Anna (Littlewood) i\Ioss. her father being superin- tenden.*: of mines at Lake View, that county. Mr. and Mrs. Raber ha\'e four children, Irene May. aged fourteen ( 1903) ; Ethel Edna, aged thirteen ; Grace, aged nine ; and Florence Er- \-eta, aged two years. Mr. and Mrs. Raijer are members of the First Alethodist Episcopal cliurch in Canton, politically he is a Repub- lican, and fraternally a member of the Inde- pendent Order of Odd Fellows. HIUVRV M. WATTS is a native of the state of New Jersey, having l)een born in the town of Washington, on the 12th of August, 1864, and being a son of William H. and Ra- chel F. (Fries) ^^'atts, the former of whom now resides in Indianapolis, Indiana, Ijeing a tinner by trade and vocation, while the latter, who was for many years prominenth- engaged in the milliner business in Canton, died in this citv in x886. Our sul)iect was reared ti;> the ag'e of eleven years in his native place, where he received his earl}- educational training, and he then came with his parents to Canton, where he continued his studies in the public schools until he hatl attained the age of se\enteen years. He began his identification with the "art pre- servative" by assuming the dignified antl inde- pendent position of "devil" in the job-printing establishment of Charles Thompson, of Can- ton, and after becoming a skilled workman he CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 895 \v;is for five years employed at his trade in In- dianapolis, Indiana. In 1896 he returned to Canton, and was here employed by tlie Gibbs ]\Janufactnring Company until the year 1900, having had charge of the book department of their printing and publishing business. In January, 1900, l\Ir. Watts laid the foundation of the important business of which he is now the manager, by establishing a small job-print- ing office in a room of his residence, and May 7. 1901, he effected the organization of the Watts Printing Company, which is a stock con- cern and incorporated under the laws of the state. Concerning the establishment we can not do better than to quote from two articles which appeared in the News-Democrat of Can- ton : "The growth of the Watts Printing- Company during the past yean has been re- markable. It is attracting attention every- where. The business was started one year ago last April, by II. M. Watts, with one small ji:>b press, and cmpli:)yed but one boy and occu- pied two hundred and sixteen feet of floor space. At that time they were able to print ■ i\ely by this concern, llie rapid growth of the l>usiness ind'cates that the excellent work turned out is appreciated by the business com- munity of Canton." In politics Mr. Watts is a stanch Repub- lican, taking a public-spirited interest in the af- fairs of the day, and fraternally he holds mem- bership in the Junior Order of United Ameri- can Mechanics and the Woixlmen of the World. As a business man he is energetic and progres- sive, as is clearly evident in the light of the fine enterprise which he has built up, and he is held in high esteem in the community. In this city, on the 1 ith of August, 1888, Mr. \Vatts was united in marriage to Aliss Nel- lie A. Miller, wdio was reared in Stark county, being a daughter of Louis and Jennie Miller, who now reside in Canton. Air. and Mrs. Watts have one child, Vivian M. LEON P. W. STIEHL.— Among those who have accomplished notable results in con- nection with the establishing and maintenance t)f the highest grade of commercial and business colleges is Mr. Stiebl. who has an able coadjutator in his wife, a thi:)r- oughly skilled and capable teacher. Mr. Stiehl's operations in the educational field ha\e been of wide scope and importance, as is evident when we refer to the fact that he has been the founder of the business colleges which bear his name in Canton and Uhrichs- \'ille, Ohio; San Francisco, California: Charles- ton, South Carolina; Raleigh, North Carolina; Lynchburg, V^irginia ; and Salt Lake City, Utah. He is at the present time owner of the Ohio schools mentioned and remains a stock- holder of several other of the institutinns \\hich owe their organization to him. Mr. Stiebl comes of stanch old Revolu- tionary stock in both the paternal and maternal lines, and is a native of the state of ^^'est \'ir- ginia. having been born in Monroe countA'. on the 23d of September, 1854. and being a ^^p 896 OLD LANDMARKS of \\. G. and Alalinda (Blanton) Stiehl, the former of whom was born in the state of Vir- ginia and the latter in Kentucky. The subject received his early educational training in the public schools of Pennsyh'ania and Ohio and thereafter continued his studies in various in- stitutions, making it his special aim to thor- oughly fortify himself for the successful handling of practical educational work. Thus it may be said that he was a student in the National Normal School, at Lebanon, Ohio ; the Spencerian Commercial and Shorthand School, at Cleveland, Ohio; Packard's Busi- ness College, New York city ; the Graham Shorthand School. New York city; the Pit- man I'honographic Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio; and the San Francisco Business College, in the ciiy of the same name, while both he and his \\ ife have the most flattering endorsments and credentials from many of the leading educa- tors in 'the business line from all sections of the Union. It is not incompatible at this point to enter a list of the colleges and celebrated au- thors from whom i\lr. and Mrs. Stiehl have received diplomas or certificates : Spencerian Commercial and Shorthand School, Cleveland; San Francisco Business College, L. C. Ellis and N. S. Phelps, founders, and also authors and publishers of the Ellis System of Fiusiness Practice and Practical Bookkeeping ; Phuno- gra]>hic Institute, Cincinnati, Benn Pitman and Jerome B. Howard, founders and conductors, and also authors and publishers of American Pitman Shorthand, etc. ; Andrew J. Graham, author and publisher of Standard Phonogra- phy, New York city ; S. PI. Goodyear, associ- ate author and publisher of the Goodyear- Marshall Systems of Bookkeeping and Busi- ness Practice, and also president of the com- pany; George \Y . Davis, principal shorthand department of the Bryant & Stratton Business College, Buffalo, New York, and author of Shorthand Simplified, exemplifying the Gra- ham system; Isaac S. Dement, author, publish- er and champion stenographer of the world ; National Associations of Accountants and Bookkeepers, of which Mr. Stiehl is a member ; H. M. Rowe, associate conductor of Sadler's Bryant & Stratton Business College, Balfi- more, Maryland, and author of Sadler-Rowe publications. The Stiehls are also authors and publishers of works on various branches of the work to which they have gi\-en their attention for the past twenty years or more, and it is needless to say that Canton is fortunate in \va\- ing secured the establishment of one of their colleges within its confines. Their institution here was founded in September. if)02, and has met with a gratifying support, while its busi- ness is certain to be cumulative as its superior advantages in all departments become more widely known. The school at Uhrichsville. Ohio, was established in 1896, and both are under the immediate control and supervision of Mr. and Mrs. Stiehl, the latter being principal of the school at Uhrichsville. Mr. Stiehl is a man of fine executi\e abil- ity, as is evident from the success that has at- tended his \'arious educational enterprises, and the cor]:)s of assistants retained in his colleges is selected with special reference to the ability of each individual as pertaining to the special work assigned. In politics Mr. Stiehl accord? allegiance to the Republican party, and fratern- all}- he is identified with the Free aufl Ac- cepted Masons, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, the Order of Red Men, and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He has gained the confidence and esteem of the business men and general public in Canton, and his college is here main- tained under most favorable auspices. In the city of San Francisco, on the 9th of October. 1890, Mr. Stiehl consummated a marriage, being united to Miss Lula A'incent, a daughter of Thomas Vincent, and a lady of fine attainments, and she has proved a most enthusiastic and capable coadjutor of her bus- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 897 band in his chosen field of endeavor. He has one son, Harry Garfield Stiehl, who is identified with him in his chosen work and gives promise ot carrying on the work in due course of time. THEODORE PARKER PAXSON.— Holding the important position of cashier of the Pennsylvania Railroad at Canton and en- joying distinctive prestige not only in railway circles but as an accomplished business man and public-spirited citizen, the subject of this review is entitled to specific mention with the I'epresentative men of Stark county. Mr. Pax- son is of English descent and his paternal an- cestors were among the early settlers of Penn- sylvania. His grandfather, Rev. Joseph Pax- son, for many years a well known clergyman of the United Brethren church, was born near the city of Harrisburg and in early life moved to Columbiana county, Ohio, where in addition to the duties of the ministry he gave consider- able attention to mechanical pursuits. In an early day he had charge of a number of churches scattered over a large territory and in order to reach them was obliged to ride his extensive circuit on horseback, being frequently absent weeks at a time in the discharge of his pastoral functions. He lived to the remark- able old age of ninety-two years, dying in 1892. His children were Josiah, Jesse, Milton, Jane, Hannah, and John, the father of the subject of this sketch. Theodore Parker Paxson was born in Columbiana county, Ohio, on the 23d of Sep- tember, 1854, and spent the first fourteen years of his life in that county. During his boyhood he attended the public schools in his native town, and after his parents removed, in 1868, to Stark county, he prosecuted his studies for a period of four years at Mt. Union, subse- quently spiending one year in the Canton high school. Mr. Paxson accompanied his parents to Canton and later accepted a clerkship in a 56 grocery at Alliance, in which capacity he con- tinued until 1881, when he resigned his po- sition and returned to the former city. Shortly after his return to Canton he entered the em- ploy of the Pennsylvania Railroad company as clerk in the office at this place. In 1892 he was promoted cashier of the freight depart- ment, which position he still holds. Mr. Pax- son's business career has been one of success, the result of industry, integrity and faithful- ness to duty, and he has the confidence not only of his superiors in the railway service, but of his fellow citizens. His official functions have not interfered with his duties to the com- munity as a citizen, as he maintains a deep in- terest in the welfare of the city of his resi- dence. In the spring of 1902 he was elected to represent the first ward in the common coun- cil and as a mem.ber of that body he has been given places on some of the most prominent committees, notably among which, being the fire department, ways and means and city of- fices. He has been active in promoting much important municipal legislation and spares no pains in proving himself worthy of confidence as a faithful, judicious and conscientious public servant. Politically he votes the Republican ticket, but in local affairs is more interested in getting the right kind of men into office than he is in strictly upholding party principles. Fraternally he holds membership with the Masonic and Odd Fellows orders, in which he is in good standing. Mr. Paxson was married, at Alliance, Ohio, in 1880, the lady of his choice being Miss Emma Clappsaddle, daugh- ter of Samuel Clappsaddle, of that city, the union resulting in the birth of one child, Rachel Beatta. GEORGE NAGLE WEBB is one of the highly respected citizens of Canton, where he was born on the 4th of August, 1832, and where he has passed the greater portion of his ■59S OLD LANDMARKS long and useful life. He is a son of George N. and Eliza (Cake) Webb, the former of whom was born in Pennsylvania, and the latter in Hagerstown, Maryland, of German extraction, while they became numbered among the pioneer settlers of Stark county, where they continued to reside until their death. The sub- ject of this brief sketch secured his rudi- mentary education in the primitive schools of the pioneer days, attending the same during the winter terms, and when fifteen years of age he entered the newly organized union schools in Canton, where he continued his studies until he had attained the age of nineteen years. He then entered upon an apprenticeship in a car- riage manufactory in his native town, serv- ing two years and three months and becoming a skilled workman. After learning his trade he went to Salem, Ohio, in order to gain a broader experience and perfect himself in all details of his trade. He there entered the em- ploy of the Sheets Carriage Company, and re- mained about one year and three months, re- turning to Canton in 1855 and there securing employment in the shops of C. Aultman & Company, manufacturers of agricultural ma- chinery. He was employed in the wood-\\ork- ing department and later identified widi the construction of the wooden portions of various machines manufactured, and he has been con- secutively in the employ of this concern for nearly half a century, having seen the industry • levelop from a modest enterprise into one of tlic most extensive of the sort in the Union, Avhile he has ever retained the confidence of the com])any as is evidenced by his long ser- ^ice (luring the various changes in executive control of the management. He was until the first of April, 1903, engaged with the great sho])s of the company and was one of the oldest ruid most trusted employes, though he was compelled to resign on account of ill health. PTe was liked by both em]:)loyer and employes and is held in the highest esteem in the city which has been his home for so many years. In politics he was a Democrat up to the time of the Civil war, when he arrayed himself in support of the Republican party, and in later years he has been affiliated with the Prohibition party. He was for two years a member of the board of education of Canton, and from his youth he has been an earnest and consistent member of the First Methodist Episcopal church, of which he has been a trustee for a number of years and also assistant superinten- dent of the Sunday school, taking an active interest in all departments of church work and ever striving to follow in the footsteps of the lowly Nazarene and to aid in the uplifting of his fellow men. He was formerly a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, l)ut has permitted his active affiliation to lapse. On the 30th of March, 1858, Mr. Welil) was united in marriage to Miss Susan Miller, \\lio was born on a farm in Sandy township, this county, on the 28tli of April, 183 1, jjeing a daughter of Samuel and Esther Miller, one of the sterling pioneers of the county. She was summoned into the life eternal on the 27tli of April, 1902, having been the devoted com- panion rmd helpmeet of her husband for more than two score years, and having been a valued menii)er of the First Methodist Episcopal church for the greater portion of her life. Her remains rest in the beautiful cemetery of Westlawn and the spot is sacred to the large circle of friends who loved her in life. Of the children of this union we enter the following epitomized record: Harry X., who was born in 1859, 'S cashier for C. Aultman & Company, of Canton ; Charles Lee. who was born in 1861, is a resident of Canton, where he is connected with the Best Street Light Company; Etlia Esther, who was born in 1865. is the wife of Varian S. Corey, a sketch of whose life apjiears el.-ew'here in this volume; and Clara Ann, wlio was born in 1872, is now- the wife of Finley T. Fisher, anti resides in Canton. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 899 SAMUEL BECHERER.— The subject of this brier sketcli is one of the old and honored citizens of Canton, a native of Stark county and a representative of one of its sterl- ing- pioneer families of the stanch old German stock. He was for a number of years turnkey of the city prison and was a faithful public servant and as one merited the confidence and esteem in which he was so uniformly held. Mr. Becherer was born on the old home- stead farm in Plain township, this county, on the 27th of January, 183CS, at which time was but a village. He is a son of Constantine Becherer, who was born in Baden, Germany, where he was reared to maturity, being a laix)rer by occupation and ready to turn his hand to any honest occupation. He emigrated from the fatherland to the United States in the year 1834, landing in the city of New York, whence he soon afterward came to Stark coun- ty, where he purchased of Peter P. Trump a tract of fifteen acres of land, in.Plain township. In the following year he returned to Germany, \vhere he was united in marriage to Miss Mary Langenbach, and he shortly afterward came again to Stark county with the bride whom he had made sO' long a journey to Aved. They took up their abode on the little farm, where he con- tinued to reside until about 1878, when he dis- posed of the property. In 1866 the house on the farm was set afire by some miscreant who imagined the family had money which might be secured during the excitement, and though Ixith the father and mother of our subject were ill at the time, the former managed to carry his wife from the burning building to the home of a neighbor, where she was kindly cared for, but she died only a few months later. After disposing of his little farm, in 1878, Constan- tine Becherer came to Canton and passed the remainder of his life in the home of his son, the subject of this sketch. He died in 1881, at the age of seventy-three years, while his wife was sixty-nine years of age at the time of her death, in 1866. Both were devoted com- municants of St. Peter's church, Roman Catholic, in Canton, and were conscientious and worthy persons, hard-working and God- fearing. Mr. Becherer assisted to the best of his ability in effecting the erection of St. Peter's church, and he also aided in building old St. John's church. This worthy couple became the parents of nine children, John, Samuel, Catherine, Mary, Emma, Constantine, William, Elizabeth and Louisa, the latter two dying when quite yO'ung, the balance reaching the age of maturity. Samuel Becherer, the immediate subject of this review, was reared under the conditions of the pioneer epoch in the county, and as a boy began to assist in the work of the home farm, while he attended the little school in the Mexico district of Plain township for the three-months' winter terms, the institution be- ing of the primitive type implied in the log school house, with its puncheon floor and slab seats and benches. At the age of twelve years he dame to Canton and secured a position as porter in the old Franklin hotel, which stood on the site of the present Hurford house. He was employed there for six years, at the e.x- piration of which he became an employe of the American hotel, and he had charge of this hotel during the illness of the proprietor, John D. Snyder, and for one year after the death of the latter, whose widow came into control of the property at the time. Mr. Becherer then learned the trade of carpenter under the direction of Joseph Weaver and George Geiger, receiving forty dollars for his services the first year, fifty the second and seventy-five the third year of his apprentice- ship. He thereafter continued to work at his trade as a journeyman until there came to him the call of higher duty, when the war of the Rebellion was inaugurated. In 1862 he en- listed as a private in Company E, One Hun- dred and Fifteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 900 OLD LANDMARKS the same being commanded by Colonel Lucey, while the captain of the company was Joseph Harter. He continued in the service until the close of the war, his command having been in turn attached to the Twelfth and Twentieth Army Corps, and he assisted in the building of block houses along the line of the Chatta- nooga & Nashville Railroad, a body of troops being detailed for this purpose, in order that the line might be protected and communication afforded with the troops at the front. Mr. Becherer held the rank of sergeant over the men thus engaged in the construction of the block houses. During Hood's raid out of seven of these block houses the only one not de- stroyed was that in command of Lieutenant Glosser and the subject, who defended the same with but thirty-two men, and they re- ceived a letter of commendation and thanks from Major General Thomas for the gallant defense which they made on this occasion. Mr. Becherer received his honorable discharge in Cleveland, Ohio, in July, 1865, having ren- dered the valiant service of a loyal son of the I'epublic. He has suffered more or less ever since from a partially disabled leg, from the effect of erysipelas contracted while in service. He returned to Canton, where he was engaged in the work of his trade for the ensuing eight years, after which he engaged in the restaurant business and still later opened a grocery at the corner of North Market and Second streets. He conducted the latter enterprise for six years, and soon afterward was made a member of the Canton police force, under the adminis- tration of Mayor John F. Blake, and he served as policeman and city marshal for the long period of fifteen years, gaining a high repu- tation for his faithful and capable discharge , of his official duties. In 1897 he was appointed turnkey at the city prison, and remained an incumbent of that position until July, 1903. He is well known to all classes of citizens and is held in high esteem as a man and officer. He is a member of McKinley Post No. 25, Grand Army of the Republic, and is a com- municant of St. Mary's church, Roman Catholic, having served on the building com- mittee of the same at the time of the erection of the present edifice. In politics he is a stanch advocate of the principles of the Democratic party, in whose cause he has ever taken an active interest. On the 28th of October, 1865, Mr, Becherer was united in marriage to Miss Mary Walter, of Canton, she being a daughter of Anthony and Elizabeth Walter, natives of Germany, whence they came to Stark county in the early days. Mrs. Becherer was sum- moned into eternal rest on the 21st of October, i88t, having became the mother of six chil- dren, Laura A., Henry J., Minnie I.. Clara O. (deceased), Charles A., Victor F. ARMSTRONG ASHBROOK is the present efficient and popular city auditor of Canton, to which responsible office he was elected in April, 1903, by a majority of one hundred and fifteen votes, as the candidate on the Republican ticket. He was born on a farm in Augusta township, Carroll county, Ohio, on the 8th of April, 1861, being a son of William and Susan (Turnipseed) Ash- brook, the former of whom was born in Little Washington, Washington county. Pennsyl- vania, whence he came to Carroll county, Ohio, with his parents when a boy, being there reared and educated. He learned the trade of black- smithing and followed that vocation for many years. He still resides in Aug-usta, that county, and has attained the ripe old age of seventy- five years, while his wife, who is a native of Carroll county. Ohio, is now seventy-four years of age. Mr. Ashbrook is a Republican in his political proclivities and both he and his wife have long been zealous members of the Disciples church. They ijecame the parents of CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 901 four children, of whom tliree are living at the present time. The ancestry in the paternal line is of blended Scotch, Irish and Dutch ex- traction. Henry Turnipseed came from West Virginia to Ohio, and his father had been a slaveholder in Virginia and a man of promi- nence in the Old Dominion before the segre- gation of West Virginia. Armstrong Ashbrook, whose name initi- ates this article, was reared to maturity on the old homestead, while his early education was received in the common and select schools of the locality. He continued his educational work until he had attained the age of twenty- two years, but at the early age of fourteen he had initiated his business career, securing at that time a position as clerk in a general store, and he was thus employed during the school ^•acations for a number of years. He finally accepted a clerkship in a dry-goods establish- ment at Augusta, Ohio, where he was em- ployed for some time, when he secured a po- sition as traveling salesman for an eastern house, selling carpets and other lines and con- tinuing to be thus engaged for four years. He then came to Canton and became a sales- man in the dry-goods establishment of Halde- man, Kiplinger & Company, with whom he remained for a number of years, while later he was in the employ of other local concerns for varying intervals, while for the two years prior to his election to the office of city treasurer he was with the firm of Kenny Brothers, who are here engaged in the drj'-goods business. He thus gained a wide acquaintanceship in Can- ton and the county., and his popularity in the city is indicated in the official preferment which has come to him and in which he is making a most excellent record. He has been a radical advocate of the principles of the Republican party from the time of attaining his majority, and has taken an active part in forwarding the cause of the same in a local way. He and his wife are members of the First Baptist church, of Canton, and fraternally he is affili- ated with McKinley Lodge No. 60, Free and Accepted J!vlasons; Fleetfoot Tribe No. 139, Improved Order of Red Men, and the Home Guards of America. In Carrollton, Ohio, on the 28th of March, 1883, Mr. Ashbrook was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Scott, daughter of Dr. George Scott, of that place. WILBUR C. ANDERSON.— The career of the subject of this sketch has been one of varied experience, characterized throughout by a devotion to principle and loyalty to duty, which have g.iined for him a position of no sn:all influence and importance in the business world. Wilbur C. Anderson is descended from an old Pennsylvania family, the history of which in this country dates from the time of the colonies. His paternal great-grandfather served as an artilleryman in the war of the Revolution, and at the close of the struggle settled at Canonsburg, Washington count}-, Pennsylvania, where the family continued to reside until some time in the 'sixties, when they removed to the state of Delaware. Subse- quently they returned to the former state and located in Huntingdon county, of which the subject's parents, Stephen and Alice (Wilson) Anderson, are still honored residents. Wilbur C. Anderson was born November 12. 1869, in Mill Creek township, Huntingdon county, Pennsylvania, and remained under the parental roof until a youth of fourteen, enjoy- ing- meanwhile the advantages of a common school education. From fourteen to seventeen he attended an academy at Cassville and on lea\ing that institution engaged as clerk with the Rockhill Iron and Coal Company at Or- bisonia, in which capacity he continued until 1889, when he resigned to accept a position with the Thompson-Houston Electric Com- pany of Philadelphia. Shortly after entering t,02 OLD LANDMARKS the employ of the latter firm he was assigned to duty in the plant at Hoboken, New Jersey, and later he was made collector for the company, the duties of which responsible post he dis- charged until his promotion in 1893 to the po- sition of assistant superintendent. Mr. Ander- son continued in the latter capacity until 1899, when he severed his connection with the firm to become secretary of the North River Light, Heat and Power Company at Hoboken, anil after holding the position one year he engaged as office manager with the Rider, Erricson En- gine Company of New York city. His period of service with that enterprise terminated in 1901, at which time he was employed by the Electric Company of America to take charge of the light, heat and power plant in the city of Canttm, which honorable and responsible position he still holds. As already stated, Mr. Anderson's business career has been a very act- ive one and from the beginning it has been marked by a series of continued advancements, which demonstrate his ability to fill worthily important positions and to manage faithfully and well enterprises requiring a high order of business talent. In every post to which called he has enjoyed the unbounded confidence of his employers and his relations with the public have'l)een such as to gain him the confidence and esteem of all classes of people in his differ- ent fields of labor. Thoroughly conversant with his duties, a skillful accountant and pos- sessing fine executive ability, he devotes his at- tention closely to the important trust now in his charge and the e>:cellent condition of every- thing connected therewith and the satisfactory manner in which he discharges his functions indicate a supervision which none but a safe and reliable manager could exercise. In the year 1894, at Newark, New Jerse}-, l\Tr. Anderson was united in marriage with Miss Emma A. Eno. daughter of Joseph and .Annie (Bovingdonl Eno, the father a promi- nent inventor of tliat citv, the mother a native of London, England. Mr. and Mrs. Anderson have a pleasant home and their domestic circle in addition to themselves includes two bright and interesting children, whose names are Har- riet J. and Wilbur C. In politics Mr. Ander- son gives an unwavering support to the Repub- lican party and his fraternal relations are rep- resented by the Alasonic brotherhood and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. ]MILTON BALL.— The Balls were among the early settlers of Stark county, the subject's father, the late Colonel E. Ball, having been one of the pioneer manufacturers of Canton and a man of high standing and commanding influence in the city's social and business cir- cles. He married in this county a Miss Lavina Babb, and reared a famih- of se\^eral children, the oldest being Milton of this review, whose birth occurred at Greentown on July 23, 1836. Milton Ball sjient his early life in his na- tive tillage, and after recei\ing a good educa- tion in the public schools and under the direc- tion of private tutors, took up the trade of molding in the siiops of Ball, Aultman & Com- pany, at Canton, coming to this city in 1850, when fourteen years of age. After becoming an efficient workman he was employed b\- the above company and continued with the sanic until b-is father, w ho was a partner in the busi- ness, withdrew from the concern and resigned his position to become superintendent of the reaper works, wliich the latter established. As long as the elder Ball continued in the manu- facturing business his son Milton served as superintendent of the works and right loyally did he discharge his duties in that responsible and exacting" position, his efforts as manag"er contributing greatly to ihe success of the enter- prise, which, as all know, became one of Can- tor.'s most important industries. When the father sold out and retired the subject resigned and, in partnership with a gentleman by the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 903 n-iine of Kuhn, purchased a sliop at IJniontovvji, Oliio. which was removed to Canton with every prospect of doing a large and lucrative busi- ness, withdrew from tlie concern and resigned expectations were not to he realized, lor while transferring the establishment he contracted a severe cold, \\hich, developing into tuberculo- sis, finally resulted in his death, the event tak- ing place on the i6th of May, iS6q. Mr. Ball's business career \vas creditable in every respect and it demonstrated his capacity as a resource- ful man and capable manager of important trusts. He mastered thoroughly everything committed to his care, possessed sound judg- ment, keen perception and rare foresight; as su- perintendent lie did much to promote the suc- cess of the enterprise with which he was con- nected and had he lived he would doubtless have become a leader in the city's industrial circles. Socially Mr. iJall was a most agreeable gentle- man, always genial and pleasant in manner, a loyal friend and an excellent neighbor and as a citizen intertisted in every laudable movement for the general good of the community, he i"anked with, the best of his compeers. A Re- jjublican in politics, he was never misled by political aspirations to the neglect of his busi- ness interests and with no ambition to gratifv in the way of public di^'tinction, he prosecuted his affairs with diligence and dispatch, satisfied with the legitimate gains accruing therefrom and contented with his lot as a common man of the people. The married life of Mr. Ball began in i860, on September 4th of w hich year he entered into a matrimonial alliance with Miss Susan Swish- er, of Canton. She is a native of Wayne count} , Ohio, w here her birth occurred May 2.i, T83S, and is a daughter of Abraham and Han- nab. (Tate) Swisher, a union blessed with one child, a son by the name of Charles M. Ball, who was born July 2, 1861, in the city of Can- ton. * Charles W. Ball was educated in the public sch.ools and in a private institution of learning conducted under the efificient management of Profes.^or Avery, one of Ohio's most successful teachers, and the training thus received was aft- erwarrls sup]>lemented by a business course in a commercial college at Poughkeepsie, New York. Mr. Ball's first experience in the prac- tical affairs of life was as clerk in the old St. Clotid Hotel, then kept by Mr. Barnett. He was later employed in the office of r. C. Sny- der, manufacturer of steel roofir.g, and after spendin.g two years in ihat gentleman's employ he resigned his position to become clerk tAAO years as vice-president, while he continued to be a member of the council for a full decade, his continuous tenure of this office being longer than that of any other man who has ever served in this capacity, while his efforts were such as to gain to him the heartiest endorsement and such as to conserve the best municipal govern- ment. In Monroe county he was for eighteen years incumbent of the office of justice of the lieace, iiis commission ha\ing been signed by Rutherford B. Hayes, ihen governor of the state. He is at the present time ser\-ing his fourth year as a member of the county board of elections and he is one of the stalwart advo- cates of the cause of the Republican party, in wh.ich he has been an active worker from the time of its inception. Fraternally he vitalizes his interest in and association with his old com- rades in arms through his affiliation with John C. Fremont Post No. 789, Grand Army of the Republic, in Allipnce. of which he is a valued and popular member, while he holds the confi- dence and regard of all who know him and is one of the representati\e men of the city of his home. He and his wife are devoted members of the Union y\\-enue Methodist Episcopal church and are active in its work. On the 30th of April, 1858, was solemnized the marriage of Captain Wilson to Miss Rachel Flannah, vdio was l)orn in Guernsey county, Ohio, being- a daughter of John ami Elizabeth Flannah. while her paternal grandfather was a soldier in the war of 1S12 and her great-grand- father. Judge Charles Hannah, was an influen- tial citizen of Center county, Pennsylvania, and the founder of the town of Hannah, that county, which was named in his honor. Captain and jNlrs. Wilson became the parents of nine children, of whom seven are living, and these seven, all but the two elder, received the pri\i- leges of Mount Union College. Of them we enter record as follo^vs : Oscar P. is a success- ful farmer of Washington township, this countv ; Alston G. is engaged in farming and stock raising in the same township ; Thomas E. is engaged in banking in JMineral City, Ohio; John V.'. is postmaster at Del Norte, Colorado: Rev. Allicrt H. is a clergyman of the Methodist Episcopal church; Charles F. is identified with mining operations at Cripple Creek. Colorado ; and Irene J. is the wife of Clarence Egan, who is likewise engaged in the same line of enter- prise at Cripple Creek. PERRY A\". AA'ErdxER, M. D.— Comspic- uous among the men who have gi\-en dignity and prestige to the medical profession in east- ern Ohio is the distinguished physician and sur- geon of .\lliance whose name furnishes the cap- tion of this sketch. By no means an old man. Dr. Welker has already had a life full of worthy lal)or, crowned with signal professional success and he stands today in the front ranks of those who devote their energies and abilities to the noble work of alleviating human suft'ering-. Paternally the Doctor comes of sturdy German stock, the history of the family in this country- dating from the early settlement of Pennsyl- vania. Many years ago his grandfather, Philip Welker, moved from the state to the wilds of eastern Ohio, settling in ]\Iahoning county, of which he was one of the first pioneers. He entered land, improved a farm, reared a family, and spent the remainder of his life in that coun- ty, dying' a number of years ago where he orig- inally settled, after reaching an advanced age. The AA'elkers have long been noted for longe\- 9o8 OLD LANDMARKS ity, eight of the nine children ol the above Philip having lived beyond four score years, a record perhaps unparalleled in the history of any family in the state of Ohio. David Welker, son of Philip and father of the subject, was born in Mahoning county, in the year 1812, and grew to manhood amid the stirring scenes and varied experiences of the pioneer period. In his youth he learned the carpenter's trade but devoted the greater part of his life to agriculture, having cleared and improved a farm adjoining the old homestead while he was still a young man. David Welker was a successful farmer and a most excellent public-spirited citizen. In early life he was a stanch Whig, but later became a Republican and as such exerted considerable in- fluence for the party in his community. For many years he divided his time l:)etween agri- culture and carpentry and many monuments of his skill as a builder are still standing in vari- ous parts of Mahoning county, as his services appear to have been in great demand through- out a large area of that section of the state. Elizabeth Davis, wife of David Welker, was born in Lawrence county, Pennsylvania, in 1822 bore her husband three children and departed this life in the year 1898, at the age of seventy- six. Mr. Welker preceded his wife to the other world by about four years, dying some time in 1894. Of their three children, two are living at the present time, William, of Mahoning county, and the subject of this review. Perry W. Welker, a native of Mahoning county, Ohio, and was born on the old home- stead December 22, 1852. Plere he was brought up, sharing all the hardships and pleas- ures incident to farm life until his seventeenth year, his education the meantime consisting of the best the country schools afforded, his at- tendance being alternated with work in the fields. The intellectual discipline thus derived was supplemented by a course in the Poland Seminary, after which, when only seventeen years old, he began teaching in the public schools of his native country, which line of work he follow'ed of winter seasons for three years with a creditable record as an instructor. Having decided to devote his life to the medical profession, Mr. Welker began a preliminary course of reading under Dr. S. S. Schiller, of Youngstown, and after pursuing his studies there until 1872, entered the Eclectic Medical Institute at Cincinnati, from which he was graduated three years later. Immediately after receiving his degree the Doctor opened an office at Petersburg, Mahon- ing county, and during the ensuing four years practiced in the town and surrounding country, building up a large patronage which was satis- factory both professionally and financially. De- siring a larger field wherein to exercise his talents, he wound up his affairs in Petersburg and in 1879 removed to Alliance where he has since steadily grown in favor as a successful physician and skillful surgeon, his practice tak- ing a wide range and earning him a reputation second to that of none of his compeers. While combining many of the essential qualifications of the ideal family physician and meeting with distinguished success in the general practice, the Doctor is especially efiicient as a surgeon, a branch of the profession in which he has few equals in this part of the state. He has attended many critical cases in his own city and else- where and his services are frequently called into requisition by his associates when delicate oper- ations, requiring a high degree of skill, are to be performed. He has availed himself of every opportunity to keep in touch with modem medi- cal thought and the most approved methods of practice, devotes himself assiduously to his laborious duties, and as a consequence has built up one of the largest practices in the city, to say nothing of the lucrative patronage that comes to him from places at a distance. His popularity, which is steadily growing", is in the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 909 main attributable to Iiis efficiency as a healer, but not a little of it is due to his genial nature as well as to his tnct in winning the confidence of patients and their friends, characteristics which enter largely into the make-up of the enterpris- ing, successful practitioner. The Doctor is a member of the various local medical societies of Alliance and Stark county and he also be- longs to the National Medical Association and the Sfite Medical Association of Ohio. For the past ti fteen years he has served the city as health officer, and since 1882, with the exception of President Cleveland's administration, he has been • member of the Stark county board of pension examiners. Dr. Welker is a Republican in politics and since coming to Alliance has been active in be- half of his party's interest, local, state and na- tion d. While a .7ealous partisan and a man whose advice is always looked for and of much weight in party councils, he has ever sought to advance the interest of others, rather than to pave his own way to public preferment. He is an enthusiastic member of several fraternal organizations and a leading spirit in the affairs of the various lodges to which he belongs. He is identified with the Knights of Pythias, being a member of the Uniform rank, belongs to L.odge No. 467, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, which meets in Alliance, and also stands high in Masonic circles, holding membership with the blue lodge in this city and with the Al Koraii Temple, Mystic Shrine, in Cleveland. Dr. Welker was lirst married, in .\pril, 1875. to Miss Bina Heisy, of Columbiana coun- ty, who died after a brief but happy wedded life of only six months' duration. Subsequent- ly, '879, he contracted a matrimonial alliance with his present companion, Miss Jennie C. Swisher, of Petersburg, Mahoning county, the union resulting in the birth of a son, Paul R., who died in childhood. CHARLES O. SILVER is a native of Pennsylvania and the only child of Amos C. and Sarah A. Silver, both parents born in Ohio. Amos C. Silver first saw the light of day Sep- tember 3, 1838, in Columbiana county, and was one of three children whose parents were James and Nancy (Tharp) Silver. He received a lib- eral education at New Lisbon school and Da- mascus Academy, taught school for several winters and in 1861 entered the Union service as a builder and repairer of telegraphs. By reason of an injury in 1865, he was obliged to leave the service and after his return home the following year he engaged with the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chicago and Cleveland & Pitts- burg railroads to keep their telegraph lines in repair, continuing in that capacity until 1878. At the latter date he embarked in the boot and shoe business in Alliance and was prominently identified with the city's commercial interests until his death, in the year 3892. January 11, 1866, he married Sarah A. Ivelty, who, like himself, was a native of Columbiana county and who is still living in the city of Alliance. Charles O. Silver was born Jul}' 6, 1869, in Rochester, Beaver county, Pennsylvania, and received his education in the public schools, supplemented by a commercial course in Mt. Union College. When quite young he entered his father's store, where lie obtained his first practical instruction in business and during his school years he spent his vacations behind the counter, in this way developing early not only a liking for business life but also great efficiency as ?. salesman. He continued as his father's clerk until the latter's death in 1892, when he took up painting and paper lianging, which trades he followed until entering the employ of the American Express Company four years later. His position with this company was that of chief clerk to the general agent in the main office in Cleveland, a responsible post, requir- ing a high degree of clerical ability, and he held 9IO OLD LANDMARKS the same tor a period of two years, discharging his cUities in snch a manner as to gain the con- fidence and eHcit the praise of his superior. Re- signing his position in 1897, ^^i'- Silver re- sumed painting and paper hanging at Alhance and was thus engaged until his appointment as journal clerk of the house of representatives of the seventy-third general assembly, which posi- tion he filled with an honorable record. During the years IQ00-2 he was secretary of the state ]x)ard of equalization and after his duties in that capacity ceased he served for some time as assistant clerk of the lower house of the state legislature. Mr. Silver, on July 21, 1902, was appointed city clerk of Alliance to fill out the unexpired term of J. H. IVlcConnell, which posi- tion he has since held with credit to himself and 10 the entire satisfaction of the pub- lic, his previotis business and clerical training peculiarly fitting him for the office. Careful, methodical, thoroughly competent and with the good of the pulilic at heart, he discharges his duties efliciently, as his record thus far attests, and his relations with all having business to transact in his ofhce have Ijeen as courteous and agreeable as to win for him a measure of popu- larity such as few of his predecessors enjoyed. May 4, 1903, Mr. Silver was, by a large major- ity, elected city auditor. Air. Silver is a Republican of the most orthodox type and for a number of years past has been one of the standard bearers of his party in Alliance. He has rendered valued service as a member of the Lexington town- ship central committee and as an effective cam- paigner is perhaps without a superior among the aggressive and intiuential young Republi- licans of Stark county. He is a member of Line Rock Lodge No. 23, Knights of Pythias, Blaine Tent No. 220, Knights of the Macca- bees, and Alliance Lodge No. 467, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and in religion is a Methodist, belonging to the First churc\i of that denomination in Alliance. He was mar- ried, on the 14th day of February, 1901, to Miss Lotta Craft, of North Benton, Mahoning county, the accomplished daughter of Eli Craft, formerly of North Benton, but now a resident of Alliance. Mr. and Mrs. Silver have no chil- dren. They are popular in social and religious circles, are identified with much good work in the city of their residence and their home is a congenial resort where hospitality and refined good cheer are dispensed with a liberality and bountifulness bespeaking an earnest effort to make pleasant the lives of those with whom they associate. GEORGE F. S. MELBOURNE.— In the sketch of the life of William E. Melbourne, brother and business associate of our subject, appearing on another page of this publication, is given an outline of the genealogy of the fam- ily, so that recourse needs not be had to the_ data in the preparation of the present article, since ready reference may be made to the one mentioned. George Frederick Sawyer Mel- bourne was born at Alount Rath, Queens coun- ty, Ireland, on the 6th of December, 1869, be- ing a son of Henry and Jane (Sawyer) Mel- bourne, both of whom represented the French Huguenot stock. He attended the public and private schools of his native land until he had reached the age of sixteen years, when he went to Australia to join his brother Frank, w ho was engaged in the real-estate business in Brisbane, the capital city of Queensland. The subject had been greatly interested in the turf from his boy- hood and had been connected with racing prior to his removal to Australia, and there he became identified with two of the most celelirated racing stables in that section of the world, riding in the steeplechase races for said stables during, the season for nearly four years and gaining an enviable reputation as a rider. \Vhile tlius en- gag"ed he visited India, the Fiji islands, New Zealand, Egypt and Port Said, thus gaining a CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 911 valuable and interesting experience and l)ecom- ing familiar with die life of the people in the Aarious countries which he visited. Finally his eyesight became quite seriously impaired and lie was compelled to return to his home in Ire- land, and after he had recovered from the optical disorder he engaged in dealing in horses in his native land, continuing in this line of en- terprise until 1894, when he came to the United States and joined his brothers John and Will- iam in Canton, and under the contract held by them he was foreman of the work of erecting the west part of the court house, continuing to be engaged in this capacity until the completion of the building. His health failed and he again returned to his home in the Emerald Isle, where he remained until 1900, when he again came to the United States, adding another large span to his extensive travels, and after his arrival he made a tour through various western states, having been in Cialveston, Texas, the day after the terrible flood which so nearly destroyed that city, and having been one of the fifst strangers to enter the city after the lamentable cataclysm which cause so great a loss of life and property. Finally he returned to Canton, in February, J 90 1, and liere he was given charge of the brickyard of his brother John, at Malvern, where he remained until Septeml^er, his brother having been ill during this interval. In the month last mentioned he entered into partner- '-hip with his brother William in the contract- ing business, in which they have since success- fully continuefl, under the firm name of Mel- bourne Brothers. In politics Mr. Melbourne is a stanch Re- publican, and he holds membership in the First Presbyterian church, while fraternally he is identified with \\'illiam McKinley Lodge No. -13 1, Free and Accepted Masons. Notwith- standing his wide travels and knowledge of the charms of the fair sex in the most diverse quar- ters of the world, Mr. Meltourne has not as yet succumbed to the sway of the god Hymen. LESTER L. NAVE.— Among those suc- cessfully laboring in connection with the edu- cational interests of the city of Canton, and Stark county, is Prof. Nave, who is incumbent of the responsible position of principal of the Garfield Avenue school anil wIk) has attained gratifying jirestige in his chosen profession, to which his de\-otion has been earnest and un- flagging. As a native of Indiana and a repre- sentative of one of Ohio's honored pioneer families, as well as by reason of his prominent identification with the public-school work of Canton and Stark county, he is well entitled to consideration in this compilation. In the agnatic line Mr. Na^e is of stanch German ancestry, but the name has been identi- fied widi the annals of American history for several generations, the original American progenitor having established a hopie in eastern Pennsylvania, in the colonial epoch. In that section of the Keystone state occurred the birth of Michael Nave, grandfather of the subject, and there he Avas reared to maturity. As a young man he came to Ohio, in the early 'twenties, locating near the present town of Richville, Stark county, as one of its early pioneers. There he secured a tract of wild land, which he reclaimed from the native forest, and eventually he developed a good farm and was rewarded with a due measure of pros- perity as the result of his earnest etTorts. He there continued to make his home until his death, as an octogenarian, in 1863. He mar- ried in PennsyUania and reared a family of three sons and two daughters, the youngest son, William, being the father of the .subject of this sketch. After the death of his first wife Michael Nave consummated a second marriage, and his second wife sm-\'ived liiim by a number of years. William Nave was born on the pioneer homestead mentioned, the date of his nativity having been July 5, 1828, and when; a mere boy he began to assist his father in the reclamation 912 OLD LANDMARKS and cultivation of the farm, while his edu- cational advantages were such as were common to the place and period, though he was enabled to avail himself of somewhat more advanced discipline than the average youth similarly placed, for he continued his studies in Twins- burg Academy and also attended school in Massillon, Stark county, where his instructor was Lorin Andrews, who was one of the first Ohio men to tender his services in defense of the Union at the time of the outbreak of the Rebellion. William Nave made good use of his scholastic opportunities, as is evident from the fact that he became eligible for pedagogic honors and proved a capable instructor. He taught his first term of school in what was known as the Stump district, near Richville, but after teaching for several terms he decided that he could make his efforts more prolific in some other field of endeavor. In 1851 he was united in marriage to Miss Frances Wimerd, of Canton, and one year later they removed to Huntington county, Indiana, where Mr. Nave was later elected to the office of county sur- veyor, in which capacity he rendered most efficient service, retaining the incumbency for some time. In the interim he had become the owner of a farm of eighty acres in that county, and to this he gave his attention until 1855, when he disposed of the property and took up his residence in the village of Roanoke, in the same county, where he engaged in the general merchandise business, and there his wife died, in February, 1856. About one year later he removed to the city of Fort Wayne, where he resided six years, giving his attention to carpentering and railroad work. At the ex- piration of the period noted, in 1862, he re- turned to the homestead, near Richville, to care for his venerable parents, who were in feeble health, and in that lociHty he followed the carpenter trade until 1867, having in the pre- ceding year consummated a second marriage. Miss Lucinda Hisner becoming his wife. In 1867 he came to Canton, where he worked as a carpenter and millwright and where he made his home untd 1895, when he removed to the city of Cleveland, where he has since resided. The subject of this sketch is the only child of the first marriage. Fester L. Nave was born in the town of Roanoke, Huntington county, Indiana, on the 2ist of y\ugust, 1853, and was a mere child at the time of his father's removal to Fort Wayne, that state, where he attended the public schools until 1862, when he accompanied his father to Richville, Ohio, where he attended the public schools until he had attained the age of fourteen years, when the family came to Canton. Here he was employed for two and one-half years in the steel works of the Canton Steel Company, after which he secured em- ployment on a farm in Pike township, in the meanwhile attending the district schools. In the autumn of 1872 he came to Perry township and went to work on the farm of John P. Floom, and here also he was enabled to at- tend district school during the winter months of two years. His ambition to further round up his education was one of decisive action, and through his own efforts he earned the funds with which to defray the expenses of a course of study in Smithville Academy, in Wayne county, this state, where he amply fortified himself for the vocation in which his efforts have been attended with so marked and grati- fying success. In February, 1874, he became a leacher in the Halter district, Jackson town- ship. Stark county, and thereafter he continued to teach in tiie district and village schools of the county until 1889, when he accepted a po- sition as instructor in the public schools of Massillon, this county, where the best evidence of the satisfactory character of his services is afforded by the fact that he was retained in the schools nf that city for the period of thirteen years, within which time he advanced to the position of principal. In June, 1902, CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 913 he was elected principal of the South McKinley Aveiuie school in Canton, and in June, 1903, was elected to the principalship of his present school. In politics Prof. Nave gives his al- legiance to the Republican party, though liberal in his political views. His religious faith is that of tlie Baptist church, and fraternally he is identified with the time-honored order of Free and Accepted Masons, affiliating with Clinton Lodge No. 47, at Massillon. and serv- ing as eminent commander of Massillon Com- manflery No. 4, Tvnights I'emplar, in igoi. On the 19th of March, 1878, Prof. Nave was united in marriage to Miss Arietta Free- man, a daughter of John and Mary (Scott) Freeman, of Peny township, this county, both of whom are now deceased. Prof, and Mrs. Nave have one child, Letha, who is the wife of Fred PI. Lehman, a popular young business man of Canton. * ANTON KOPP was horn in Augusburg, Bavaria, on the 15th of September, 1840, being a son of Joseph Anton and Ursula (Strahli) Kopp, lx>th of whom passed their entire lives in the kingdom of Bavaria, the. latter having died \vhen the subject of this review was but two weeks old. One brother of Anton Kopp was a priest of the Catholic church in Dill- ingenander Donau, Germany, and another studied for a priest, but died before completing his course, and two of his sisters were Mother Su]>eriors in a convent at Maria Mietingen, while another brother attained prominency in the office designated in Germany as that of judge. One of his cousins became an arch- bishop and is at the present time a cardinal in the Romish church. Anton Kopp was reared and educated in his native city, where he learned the brewer's trade, becoming an expert in all details of the Imsiness. He remained in the fatherland until he was about twenty-eight 57 years of age, when he emigrated to the United States, and first located in Newark, New- Jersey, where he secured employment at his- trade, while later he was similarly engaged in- Philadelphia and Pittsburg, Pennsylvania; Youngstown and Warren, Ohio ; Chicago, Illi- nois ; and Cleveland, Ohio, remaining for ^ mnnber of years in the last mentioned city. While residing in Youngstown, Ohio, Mr, Kopp was united in marriage to Miss Kath- arina Smith, who died in Massillon, Stark county, in 1898. Two children were born o£ this union, Sophia and Otto, the former being: now a resident of Massillon. On the 7th o£ January, 1899, Mr. Kopp consummated a secom.C marriage, at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, being then united to Miss Regina Nist, who was born in Steinfeld, Rheinfalz. Germany, Octo- ber 3, 1865, and who came to the United States at the age of twenty-three years, becoming a- re.sident of Canton on her arrival in this^ country. Of this marriage was Ixirn one daughter, Marie Antoinette, the date of whose birth was May 27, igoo. Mr. Kopp became a resident of Canton \rs- the year 1888, and soon after his arrival be- came foreman in the Canton brewery, in which' he later became a stockholder, but subsequently sold his interests in this institution and pur- chased a brewery at Massillon, which he con- tinued to operate until 1898, after which he re- tired from active business. His death oc- curred on the 5th of February, 1903. He was held in high regard by his business associates and by all who knew him in connection with business and social life, being a man of genial' presence and one whose kindliness was- proverbial. He was a communicant of St. Joseph's church, Roman Catholic, and ever deeply interested in its work, his wife, likewise, being a communicant in the same parish, and his political support was given to the Demo- cratic party.. Mr. Kopp attained success through his own efforts and was worthy of the 9«4 OLD LANDMARKS high ■ esteem in whicli he was so uniformly held. Johannes Nist, the father of Mrs. Kopp, was a successful farmer of Rheinfalz, Ger- many, where he passed his entire life, his death having occurred on the 8th of December, 1901. His wife, whose maiden name was Katharina Aprill, died on the 7th of April, 1898. They became the parents of four children, namely : .Franz, who still resides in Germany; Annie Mary, wJio is the wife of Andreas Hilgert, of Canton; Regina, the widow of the subject of this memoir, and Katharina, who still resides in the German fatherland. The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Kopp was Lorenz Nist, jind he died in Germany at the age of sixty- eight years, his wife, whose maiden name was Barbara Fritz, having passed away at the age of about sixty-five years. The maternal grand- parents of Mrs. Kopp were Joseph and Eliza- beth (Ott) y\prill, both of whom resided in tlie fatherland throughout their lives, the former passing away in 1877, at the age of seventy- seven years, while the latter died at the age of fifty-four. ALICE M. MONTGOMERY holds the responsible position of superintendent of that noble Canton institution, the Aultman Hos- pit;d, having been incumbent of this- office since 1897, ^"d she has shown not only an enthusi- astic interest in her work and a marked ca- pacity for the handling of details, but has also proven herself possessed of exceptional execu- tive and administrative ability, and through her influence the service and facilities of the hos- pital have been greatly improved. She comes of stanch old Welch lineage, but the family name has long been identified with the annals of the fair Emerald Isle, whither her ancestors re- moved from Wales in 1646. In the north of Ireland her grandfather, John Montgomery, passed his entire life, and there her father. Joseph Montgomery, was burn rnul reared, re- ceiving excellent educational advantages. At the age of twenty years he emigrated to America and located in the city of Toronto, Canada, whence he eventually removed to a farm in Pickering township, province of C)ntario, where he resided until about 1883, when he removed to the town of Whitby, where he now resides. His wife, whose maiden name was Jane Hyfield, was born in that province and there she has passed her entire life. Joseph and Jane Montgomery became the parents of eight children, of whom four are living, the subject of this review having been next to the youngest in order of birth. Alice Maud INIontgomery was born on the homestead farm, at Pickering, province of Ontario, Canada, and after securing her pre- liminary educational discipline in the public schools she waS matriculated in the Whitby Collegiate Institute, where she was graduated as a member of the class of 1888. For the ensuing four years she was engaged in pedagogic work in her native province, and then came to Ohio and began the work of preparing herself for a trained nurse, entering the Jewish hospital in the city of Cincinnati, where she secured the most thorough discipline and experience in the line of her chosen pro- fession, being graduated in 1895 ^''O'" ^^^^ training school of that institution. She there- after continued her work in that hospital for a period of two years, during which she held the office of assistant superintendent, and then, in 1897, came to Canton to accept her present position, in which her services have been of inestimable value, gaining to her the hearty endorsement of all concerned. W'ithin Miss Montgomen-'s regime, the well equipped ward for children has been provided in the hospital, the same having been furnished through the generosity of the ladies of the Junior Assembly, of Canton, while other benefactions have been made which greatly augment the usefulness CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 915 and facilities of the hospital. The third floor of the building is utilized by the nurses, and this was fitted up at the exisense of Mrs. George Harter, of this city, while Mrs. William Sher- lock contributed the furnishings for a private room mid the hospital workers provided for the equipment of another private room. The at- tractive reception room owes its conveniences and accessories to the generosity of the Hebrew Ladies' Aid Society of Canton. All of these improvements have been made since Miss Montgomery assumed charge of the institution, and various other changes have l^een made for the better, under her direction, while her gra- cious and sympathetic nature has endeared her to all with whom she has come in contact. She realized the necessity of discipline and main- tains the same with utmost vigor but unvarying kindness, thus insuring the best possible service W'ithout creatmg antagonism from any source. She is a member of the alumni association of the Jewish Hospital, of Cincinnati, Ohio, and her religious faith is that of the Wesleyan Methodist church. J. FRANK KAHLER, M. D.— The sub- ject of this sketch is one of the more recent ar- rivals in Canton, having come here in 1899, }et he has already taken a leading position among the city's representative men, besides winning prominence in the line of his profes- ^iun. Dr. J. Frank Kahler is descended from an old German family, whose ancestors lived for man}' generations in the kingdom of Wur- temberg and whose history in the United States kites from 1835. J^h^ subject's grandfather, John Kahler, a native of Wurtemberg, was a farmer and follov.'ed that calling in the father- land imtil his immigration to America in the year referred to above. He married a Miss Buller and was the father of two sons and one daughter, all of whom accompanied him to the ■lew world, and in after years became well known and useful citizens of Ohio. Landing at New York city after a tedious and somewhat prolonged voyage, John Kahler at once moved westward as far as Bolivar, Tuscarawas coun- ty, Ohio, near which place he purchased a farm and engaged in the pursuit of agriculture. Af- ter living there for about one and a half years he disposed of his place and bought a farm a little less than two miles north of Bolivar, in Bethlehem township. Stark county, where he spent the I'emainder of his life, dying in 1857 at the age of fifty-eight ; his wife survived about thirty years, departing this life in 1885. Their two sons and one daughter were : Conrad, who died in the county of Stark ; John, father of the subject of this review, and Christina, a resi- dent of the county of Tuscarawas. John Kahler was born in Germany June 10, 1827, and was a lad of eight years when the family immigrated to the United States. He grew up to the full requirement of sturdy man- hood on the farm in Tuscarawas county and after completing the public school course ac- quired a knowledge of the higher branches of learning under private tutors and in an edu- cational institution at the town of Canal Dover. He became a fine scholar and for two years taught successfully in the public schools, after which he devoted his attention exclusively to agriculture until within a year of his death, when he retired from active life. He was twice married, the fii'st time to Miss Hannah Duper, who bore him children as follows : Hannah, wife of Simon Longanecker. of Columbiana county, Ohio; Mary, now Mrs. George Schroyer, of Michigan ; Christina, who mar- ried John Stands and resides in the state of Kansas, and Elizabeth, wife of Joseph Krich- baum, of Canton. Some time after the death of the mother of these children Mr. Kahler was tmited in marriage with Catherine Kramer, whose birth occurred in Germany in the year 1835. When she was six years old her par- ents came to the United States and settled at 9i6 OLD LANDMARKS Navarre, Oliiu, near which place the father, Charles Kramer, ijurchased a farm and turned his attention to agricultural pursuits. After his second marriage Air. Kahler re- sided on a farm in Bethlehem township, this county, until 1897, when he retired to the town of Magnolia, where his death occurred the fol- lowing year. He was a man of excellent char- acter and good social standing, an active mem- ber of the Lutheran church and liberal in liis ]jolitical \iews. He enjoyed the esteem of all who knew him and in his death the county lost one of its intelligent and most enterprising- citizens.^ His widow is still living, her home at the present time being with one of her daugh- ters. She is the mother of six children, of whom the subject of this review is first in or- der of birth; the others are: Ella, wife of George Koehler, of Bolivar; May, wife of Newton Casper, of Magnolia, this state; Hen- rv, late physician and surgeon, a graduate of the Western Reserve Medical College, of Cleve- land, and a man of high attainments and emi- nent professional success ; he married Miss Delia Siffert and died in Shelby county, Ohio. in the year 189S: Cora, the next in succession, became the wife of Curtis Casper and lives in the to\vn of Magnolia; Charles, the youngest of the family, is a well known and popular resi- dent of Canton. Dr. J. Frank Kahler was born on his father's farm in Bethlejiem township. Stark county, March 10, 1861, and, like the majority of country lads, \vas early taught the valuable lesson that nKm should earn his daily bread b_y honoral)le endeavor. When old enough to be of practical serxice he became his father's as- sista.nt in tlie varied duties of agriculture and by cop.iing in close touch with nature in health- ful outdoor exercise he developed a stiength of body and independence of mind \\hich had much to do in ^lia])ino- his character and di- recting his life in proper channels. His ele- mentarv edncaliini embraced the connnon school branches, and after prosecuting these studies until his nineteenth year he entered the normal school at Ada. Pie attended the suni- mer terms of that institution for three years, devoting the winter seasons to teaching in the public schools of Stark county, during which time he earned the reputation of a very capable educator. During the last year and a half of his school expei'ience he devoted his leisure time to the study of medicine under the direc- tion of Dr. Conklin, of Canton, and then en- tered the Medical College of Ohio at Cincin- nati, from which he was graduated with the class of iSqi. Immediately after receiving his degree Dr. Kahler began the practice of his profession at Quaker City, Guernsey county, Ohio, and remained there with encouraging" success until his remo\al, in 1899, t(j Canton. Since locating in the latter city his career has Ijeen a series of advancements, until he is now recognized as one of the ablest and most suc- cessful physicians and surgeons in a section of the state which has long been distinguished for a high standard of medical talent. He pos- sesses a strong yet sympathetic nature and by conscientious fidelity to duty has won the con- fidence of those w ho depend upon his profes- sional services for aid, possessing many of the essential qualities of the ideal family physician. Relying entirely upon his own energies and re- sources, his position to-day as a successful dis- ])enser of remedies to suffering humanity re- flects the highest credit upon him, being not only a representative in his chosen calling, but also a citizen who commands the respect of the entire comnninity. Like all true healers who keep pace with the advancement of modern thought, the Doc- tor is a close and careful student, also belong- ing to the various medical societies Avith which the leading medical men of his part of the state are identified. Among these are the American Medical Association, the L^nion Medical Asso- ciation of Northern Ohio, the State Medical CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 917 Society, Stark County Acadeni}- of Medicine and the Medical Society of Canton. He is a member of the surgical staff of the Aultman Hospital in this city, in which capacity his services have been valuable. He is also medi- cal referee for one of the largest life insurance companies of this country. Fraternally he be- longs to the Independent Order of Odd Fel- lows, the beautiful principles of which he en- deavors to exemplify in his relations with his fellow men. Dr. Kahler has never stepped aside from his chosen field of endeavor to mingle much in ]wl)!ic and political affairs, although adhering firmly to his convictions and in no uncertain ^\•a}• encouraging all enterprises for the com- munity's welfare. His domestic circle in- cludes, besides himself, a wife and one daugh- ter, and his home is most pleasant and har- monious in all of its relations and appoint- ments. His marriage was solemnized on the 13th of October. 1886, with Miss Dora Snivelv, daughter of Levi and Elizabeth Snivelv, well known residents of the city. Mrs. Kaliler's Wrth occurred in Canton township, Stirk county, in the year 1866, and the daugh- ter whom she has Ijorne her husband answers to the name Lucille. JACOB J. HEXAMER was bom in Hesse, Hamburg vor der Hohe, Germany, August 24. 1 8 18, being the son of George and Catherine (GrinO Hexamer, both parents descended from old families that for generations were tillers of the soil. He received a good educa- tion in the schools of his native place, grew to maturit^• on the paternal estate and followed agricultural pursuits as his chief occupation un- til 1842. when he bade farewell to the land of his birth and came to the United States. For a few months after his arrival in this country !Mr. LTexamer worked in New York and Penn- sylvania, and at the expiration of that time came to Canton, Ohio, making the trip to this place via Buffalo to Cleveland, and thence diiwn the canal to Massillon, from which place he reached his final destination on foot. Shortly after his arrival he entered the employ of George Reigler, the proprietor of a meat mar- ket, with whom he remained three years, during which time he became not only an expert butcher, but also acquired familiarity with e\erything relating to the meat business. Sev- ering his connections with his emploj'er. Mr. Hexamer opened a market of his own, which, in connection with the buying and selling of cattle, he operated for a period of forty-six years, his place during that time being by far the oldest as well as the most successful estab- lishment of the kind in the city. While thus engaged he attended closely to his business, built up an extensive trade, which he held as long as his market \vas in operation, and by good management and thrift accumulated a suf- ficiency of worldly wealth to enable him to re- tire from business and spend the remainder of his life in the quiet and comfortable manner which he now enjoys. During his active years Mr. Hexamer tra\'- eled over a great portion of this section of the .state, and became widely acquainted, his busi- ness of stock buying having brought him into personal contact with many farmers through- out the country. His dealings were always honorable, in consequence of which his name for man}- years was synonymous with honesty and integrity and among all classes of people he has ever been regarded with much favor and esteem. On March it, 1847. ^f'"' Hexamer con- tracted a matrimonial alliance with Miss Lydia Holben, whose parents, Daniel and Catherine (Loutzenheiser) Holben, were natives of Le- high county, Pennsylvania, the father being a son of Lawrence H. and Catherine Holben, de- scendants of old German families that settled in Pennsylvania at an early period in the time 9i8 OLD LANDMARKS of the colonies. Daniel and Catherine Holben came to Stark county many years ago and after marriage settled on a farm about ten miles north of Canton, where they spent the remain- der of their lives. They reared a large family of children, of whom the following survive: Lydia, wife of Mr. Hexanier; Solomon lives in Indiana; Jacob, Joseph, Benjamin and William are residents of Michigan, and Catherine, whose home is at Middlebranch, Stark county. Mrs. Lydia Hexamer was born July i [, 1827. She has presented her husband with twelve children, w hose names are as follows : Catherine, deceased ; George, deceased ; Li/^zie married John Miller and lives in Michigan; Julie, deceased ; Louis, a resident of Canton ; Caroline, deceased ; Jacob, of Canton ; Emma, wife of Peter Hahn, of Canton; Edward lives in Canton: Louisa is the wife of Philip Wilde, of this city : Joseph, deceased, and Charles, who at the present time Ii\es in Texas. ^Ir. Hexamer and wife, although well stricken in years, are still remarkably active, both retaining to an unusual degree the posses- sion of their physical and mental powers. Emi- nently social and hospitable, they have many A\arm friends in Canton, who vie with each other in showing them favors, and it is doubt- ful if there is another as popular and highly es- teemed old couple to be found in the city. Mr. Hexamer has kept in close touch with the trend of events and still manifests a keen and abiding interest in all affairs relating to the well being of Canton and Stark county. While in busi- ness he made a number of judicious investments in real estate, one of which was the purchase of five acres of land on Lippert street within the city limits, which has since become very valuable. On this large lot are two commodi- ous d\\ellings w-hich he rents to good advan- tage. In politics Mr. Hexamer has always voted the Democratic ticket, and notwithstand- ing his advanced age, he still lends his influ- ence to the party and labors earnestlv in its be- half. Alany years ago he miited with the Ger- man Reformed church and began the earnest Christian life which has characterized his life to the present day, his conduct the meanwhile being above reproach and his character all the most critical and exacting could reasonably de- sire in a follower of the Nazarene. He has long been a leading member of the First Re- formed church of Canton, his wife also be- longing to the same congregation. ANTHONY FRANCIS comes of stanch Alsacian French lineage, the name having been originally spelled Francois, and the present .\n- glacized orthography was adopted by his father after his removal to the United States. Stephen Francis, father of the subject, was born in the province of Alsace, France, where he was edu- cated, being a man of fine intellectual attain- ments and having there been a successful teach- er for a number of years. There was solem- nized his marriage to Miss Marie Therese Marchand, who was also born in the pro\-ince of Alsace, and in that province were born six of their children. In 1S27 the family came to America, sailing from Havre, and in due time landing in the city of New York, where they remained for a short time and then came to Stark county, Ohio, being accompanied by a sister of Mrs. Francis, with her husband and children, who had previously resided for some time in the national metropolis. The trip was made by way of the great lakes to Cle^'eland and thence by the old Ohio canal to Massillon, this cotmty, from, which point the two families came overland to Canton. Stephen Francis [jur- chased twenty-one acres of land west of Nimi- shillen creek and on what is now East Tuscara- w-as street, the tract at the present time being divided into city lots and w ell Imilt up. On this little farm was a primitive log cabin, in which the family took up their alx)de. The father was engaged in the cultivation of his farm un- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 919 ti! 1852, having in the meanwhile erected a commodious building on the place and there conducted a successful hotel business, the house being on the road between Massillon and Can- ton and thus gaining a good patronage from the farmers who passed through on their wa\- to the former place with their wheat and other produce, nearl}- all of which was taken to ]\[as- sdlon f(»r shipment by way of the canal, this be- ing prior to the advent of railroads in this sec- tion. In the series of articles by Mr. John Dan- ner, appearing in this work, reference is made to this tavern as one of the old landmarks of the county, while incidentally reference is made also to the precedence which Massillon then en- joyed as the "Wheat City." In the year men- tioned Mr. Francis sold this property to George Trump, and he then removed with his wife, the subject and the girls of the family to I.ucas county, Ohio, purchasing eighty acres of land a short distance west of the present city of To- ledo. His wife died on this farm, in 1856, and he soon afterward si^ld the property and re- moved into the city of Toledo, where he passed the remainder of his life in the home of one of his daughters, dying at the age of eighty- six years. He was first a Whig and later a Re- pulilican in politics and both he and his wife were de\'oted communicants of the Catholic church. ' M' their children we offer a brief rec- ord as follows : Therese, who became the wife of Joseph Glardon, died in Lawrenceville, Indi- ana ; Sel)astian died in St. Augustine, Texas; Frances, the wife of Edward McCleary, died in Toledo, in 1895 ; Catherine died in Canton, at the age of eighteen years; Mary Jane, who is the wife of Conrad Nicolette, resides in the city of Toledo; Filicite, the wife of Hernian Hen- ning, died in Toledo, all the above mentioned having been born in Alsace, France, while the following named were born in the United States: Stephen died in California; Anthony is the immediate subject of this review; Mary Ann is the wife of Peter Schwalm, of Joliet, Illinois; Alexis is a resident of California; and Elizabeth is the wife of Joseph Heinel, of Jack- sonville, Illinois. Anthony Francis, to whom this sketch is dedicated, was born in the little log cabin on the homestead farm, on East Tuscarawas street. Canton, on the 22d of May, 1832, and when he was eight years old his father built tliere the brick tavern to which reference has been made, and thus much of his boyhood was passed in this hcjtel, his reminiscences in regard to the early days being most graphic, as he well re- calls how the farmers from this and adjoining- counties passed through to JMassillon with their wagon loads of wheat, frequently ten or more wagons passing along together, while the road- side tavern.s furnished accommodatif>ns foPs men and horses. His initial educational train- ing was received in the pioneer sclioof house, under the direction of Hon. Benjamin V. Leiter, who was his first teacher and who later repre- .sented this district in congress, and his schoo! discipline ceased when he was fifteen yejirs of age. As a boy he began work on the home farm and he followed this A'ocation until he had attained the age of twenty-three years, when he left home and set forth on his independent ca- reer. It had long been his desire to learn the trade of blacksmith, but his father had objected to the plan, and thus upon leaving the parental roof he secured a position as striker in the blacksmith shops of the works of the C. .\ult- man C'ompany, in Canton, where he learned the blacksmith trade, being employed in the Ault- man shops as a journeyman for a period of seven years, after which he was identified with the grocery business for one year. He then be- came a clerk in the hardware store of C. C. Snyder, and was thus employed for the ensuing- eight years, after which he was, for somewhat more than one year, foreman in the shops of the Wrought Iron Bridge Company, of Canton, thereafter devoting about eight years to repre- senting this concern as a traveling salesman. 920 OLD LANDMARKS s\-hile later he was similarly engaged with the Massillon Bridge Company ahout the same length of time, at the expiration of which, in the autumn of 1892, he retired from active ])usi- ness life, still retaining his residence In Canton, ^vhe^e he has an attractive home, at 600 North Walnut street. In politics he renders allegiance to the Republican party, and fraternally he is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of Honor. He is not formally identified with any religious organiza- tion, but his wife is a zealous member of the German Reformed chiuxh. In Canton, on the 14th of October, i86j, Mr. Francis was united in marriage to Miss Mary Shooi, a daughter of Andrew and Cath- erine (I'lrichj Shoof, and of this union have been born fi\e children, namely : Helen, who is the wife of Charles Lind, of Canton ; Augustus, who remains at the parental home; Stephen, ■who is a dealer in sewing and washing' machines in Canton ; and Emma and Minnie, who still remain beneath the home roof. JOSEPH OBERLIN, retired farmer and private citizen af Tuscarawas township, was born in Stark county, Ohio, July 5, 1826, the son of Peter and Susan (Cramer) Oberlin. Peter Oberlin was a native of Pennsyhania, and as early as the year 1813 accompanied his father to Stark county, Ohio, the' latter enter- ing a tract of government land in what is now the township of Tuscarawas. The name of the subject's grandfather was Adam Oberlin : he was one of the early settlers of the countv, and a m;'.n well fitted for the strenuous work which the pioneers were obliged to do in order to es- tablish homes in the dense wilderness which originall}- covered this part of the state. He faithfully ])eriormed his alloted task of laying the foundation of the community, finished his labors many years ago, and by the side of his good wife now sleeps the sleep that knows no waking. Peter Oberlin was reared a farmer and followed that pursuit all his life, acquiring a fine estate of one hundred and ninety-five acres in the county, beside a smaller place in the county of Wayne. He was a man of great industry, thoroug'hly reliable in all his dealings and achieved honorable repute as a neighbor and citizen. In his younger days he joined the United Brethren church, and it was in his dwelling in Tuscarawas township that relig- ious services were held as stated intervals dur- ing the earl}' settlement of the county. A num- ber of years later he x^ithdrew from that com- munion and united with the Reform church, to the precepts of which he remained loyal to the end of his days. His wife was also a mem- ber of the church, and is remembered as a wouKui of sterling worth and beautiful moral ch.aracter, and an earnest Christian, and, in her latter days, was looketl upr)n by her friends and n.eighbors as a veritable mother in Israel. Peter Oberlin finished his life \vork and entered unto rest in the year 1856, his wife dying suljse- quently. They were the parents of a large family, ele\'en children in all, of whom the sub- ject is the only living representative. Of the early life of Joseph Oberlin little need Ije said, as his experience on the farm in the summer time and in such schools as his neigliborhood afiforded in the winter time was similar in most respects to tliat of the majority of boys l)orn and reared in the rural districts. \\'hcn old enough to assume his share of the farm labor and after completing- the branches constituting the district school course, he pur- sued his studies in the Union school at Mas- sillon. Later he taught several terms of school in his native township, and in February, 1853, joined the tide of emigration westward to the gold fields of California, making the long, tire- some journey to that remote part of the con- tinent in the face of many thrilling experiences and dangers not a few. Mr. Oberlin remained on the Pacific coast a little over four vears and MR. AND MRS. JOSEPH OBERLIN. CANTON AND- STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 921 was a participant in many of the thrilling epi- sodes and daring adventures which character- ized the early times in the far west. In June, 1857, he returned to Stark county and eng-aged in farming in the township of Tuscarawas, where he has since lived and prospered, mean- while, by diligence and well directed industry, accumulating a hanclsi >nic property, including a line farm of one hundred acres which is well impriivod rmd successfully culti\'ated. Mr. Oherlin has not been unmindful of his duty as a citizen, as is attested by the deep in- terest he has always maintained in public and political affairs. A prominent supporter of the Democratic party, he has been long prominent in its local councils and an active worker in its ranks, and at one time was honored by being nominated for the legislature of his state, but failed of election by reason of the overwhelm- ing strength of the opposition. He has been a delegate to a number of county conventions, and, being a clear, forcible and logical speaker, it has fallen to him on divers occasions to pre- sent the names of candidates for nomination. His services have been especially valuable in campaign times and his leadership in his own tow'Hship has contributed much to the strength and success of the ticket in a number of elec- tions. Mr. Oberlin possesses a strong person- alty which, with his sterling character and in- vincible integrity, makes him an influential factor in any public work or private enterprise to which he addresses himself. On December 20, i860, occurred the mar- riage of Mr. Oberlin and Miss Mary A. Christ- man, the latter born in the county of Stark, in the year 1838. on the farm where her husband now lives. Mrs. Oberlin was the daughter of John and Margaret Christman, who came to iliis cdiintN- fri'm Pennsylvania about the year 1834, and spent the rem;iinder of their lives in Tuscarawas township. Four chiklren were born to IMr. and Mrs. Oberlin. Mrs. Oberlin died on the 9th of January, 1871). Tn his relig- ious belief Mr. Oberlin subscribes to the Re- formed church, and for over twenty-three years he has been superintendent of the Sunday school classes under the auspices of the con- gregation with which he is identified. Mrs. Oberlin is also an active church worker, and, like her husband, has strong religious convic- tions which she exemplihes in her daily walk and conversation. The reader of the forego- ing" brief review need not loe informed that iNIr. Oberlin is a man of great energy, public spirit and a high order of business talent. His good fc:)rtune in temporal things has not come to him by accident, but througli perseverance, indus- try, undeviating integrity and correct dealings with his fellow men. He is also greatly in-' debtee! for much of his success in life to his frank and manly demeanor and great kindness of heart. JOHN B. ZETTLER, proprietor and man- ager of the Zettler nurseries and green houses at 405 Clarence avenue. Canton, also an in\-entor of considerable renown, was born in Sandusky, Erie county, Ohio, February 16, 1855, being the son of John and Chrisantha (Iveiffer) 'Zettler, both ]iarents nati\-es of Germany. The father came to the United States in early life and set- tled in Erie county, Ohio, where he followed agricultural pursuits until! his removal to Can- ton in the year 1867. On coming to this city he entered the employ of C. Aultman & Com- pany and remained with that firm until his death, which occurred in 1886, his widow be- ing still a resident of Canti>n. John B. Zettler spent the first twelve years of his life in the county of his birth and there received his, early educational discipline in the public schools. He attended one term after coming to Canton in 1867, and when a youth in his 'teens took tip the carjienter's trade, which he followed with fair success until engaging in tlnriculliu'e and the nurserv business in 1883, 922 OLD LANDMARKS purchasing that year the grounds on which now stand the Zettler nurseries on Clarence avenue. Since beginning this enterprise, Mr. Zettler has built and extended from time to time the area of his nurseries and added many new features, the increase of patronage the meanwhile justi- fying him in the expenditures necessary to carry on this series of improvements. He now has one of the largest and most thoroughly equipped establishments of the kind in the eastern part of the state, keeping on hand at all times a com- plete stock of trees and plants, including- many varieties of rare and valuable flowers and fruits, and he spares neither pains nor expense in sup- plying the constantly growing demands of his numerous customers. JMr. Zettler has devoted much time and study to the fascinating pursuit in \vhich he is now engaged, and the knowledge thus derived has am]:)ly repaid him in the large business he now commands and the liberal in- come of w hich he is the recipient. Mr. Zettler, as indicated in a preceding paragraph, possesses mechanical talent of a high order, and his skill has been turned to good ac- count in the \'ari()ns devices which he has in- vented and given to the world. Among his best known and most ])ractical inventions is a revolving book case which by simply removing the shelves can be transformed into a wardrobe, with every convenience found in those made especially for the latter pui'pose. Another of his inventions, the butted glass sash bars, a labor-saving device of great utility, designed to replace putty in fastening of glass windows and the replacing of liroken glass, has been warmly commended wherever tried, and ere long will doubtless come into general use by manufactur- ers of sash picture frames and all articles of like character, also by builders who find the old process not only lal)oriotis but expensive. At the present time he is perfecting a new steam and water boiler which is greatly superior to those now in use and which when completed gives e\'ery promise of Ijeiug generallv adopted. In September, 1891, Mr. Zettler met with a serious financial disaster, in the destruction of his place of business by fire, the loss to build- ings, stock, tools, etc., aggregating considerably in excess of three thousand dollars, only a small part of which was covered by insurance. With his characteristic energy, however, he at once set about to retrieve if possible his broken for- tune, and in due time new and much better buildings than the original were erected, the stock was fully replenished and since the fire his business has more than regained its former magnitude, with the promise of still greater prosperity in the future. On January 14, 1879, Llr. Zettler con- tracted a marriage with Miss Rosa Deyille. daughter of Nicholas and Mary (Bour) De- ville, to which union the following children have been born : Ferdinand, born May 7, 1880. was graduated from the Canton high school, and is now living in the city of Cleveland : Lester J., whose birth occurred February 13. 1884. was educated in the city schools and in the Canton Business College : William X., his fa- ther's business associate, was born February 10. 1886; Vincent V., torn September 26, 1888, is a graduate of the city high school and a youth of intelligence and much promise; Effie C, win. is now pursuing her studies in the public schools, was born on the 2d day of October. 1890; Ralph I-eo was born June 14, 1892 ; Ma\- A. was torn June 6, 1894; Margaret A. was born October 6. 1897, and died January 22. 1899; and Elizabeth, whose birth occurred July 9, 1901. ]\Ir. Zettler generally ^■oles the Democratic ticket, but is liberal in his political views, caring little for party ties ; in religion he is a Catholic, belonging with his family to St. Joseph's church, to the support of which he is a liberal contributor. He is a man of wide general in- telligence, a reader of the world's best litera- ture, and has a large and carefully selected li- brarv. in which nearlv all of his leisure time is CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 923 spent. Thrown upon his own resources when a youth in his early teens, with no friends to whom he could apply for assistance or encour- agement, his life for man}' years was beset with vicissitudes and hardships. Not easily cast down, he addressed himself manfully to honest toil, saved his surplus earnings with scrupulous care, until he found himself the pos- sessor of sufficient capital to begin business of his own in a modest way. Since then his course has been steadily on\vard and upward, and by energy and ^^•elI-directed thrift he is now in in- dependent circumstances, with a competence laid up against the possible day of adversity and for his declining years. .\n incident in the life of Mr. Zettler worthy of note occurred on the night of October 27, 1899, when the family residence was broken into by l>urglars. Sitting in his office at the time, he did not hear them enter, but being informed of their presence by his wife throug'h a speaking tube, he at once rushed to the scene and succeeded in affecting their capture. On the way to the police station witli his prisoners, they showed fight and at- tempted to break away and in the struggle that fi>l!(5wed four revoh'er sh.ots were fired, one of which passed thrdugh I\Ir. Zettler's groin, in- fiicting a painful and dangerous wound from wliich he has e\er since ])een a sufferer. J-ACOB KLOSS. TR— The subject of this review is a native of Stark county, Ohio, and the second in a family of six children, whose parents, Jacob and Phoebe Kloss, came from German}-. The father was seventeen years old when he left tlie land of his birth, and after coming to America spent two years in New York, thence came to Canton, Ohio, where he engaged in the transfer Ijusiness, being one of the first men in the city to run a public dray. Later he followed teaming until becoming dis- abled, since whicli time he has been living in retirement at his home on South Cherrv street. having readied the age of seventy-four, in full possession of his mental faculties, but, as indi- cated, being somewhat enfeebled physically. Phoebe Uhland, who became the wife of Jacob Kloss, Sr., came to the United States at the age of fourteen with her step-father, and grew to womanhood in Canton, in which city she first met the gentleman whom she subsequently mar- ried. She is now a well-preserved woman of sixty-six 3?ears, and the mother of children as follows : Henry, a resident of Canton ; Jacob, of this review ; Amelia, who died when twenty years old; Pauline, Laura and Flora. Jacob Kloss, Jr., was born at the family home on South Cherry street. Canton, Novem- ber 5, 1864, and received his early education in the parochial school of the German Re- form church, subsequently attending until his eleventh year the public schools of the city. P.y reason of his services being required at home, he was compelled to lay aside his studies at that age and turn his attention to some pur- suit from which an income could be derived, accordingly, when only eleven years old, he be- gan working in a brick yard for fiftv cents per day. .After de\'oting about seven summers to this kind of labor, spending the winter seasons the meanwhile in a grocer}' store, he engaged with a Mr. Winner, in 1883, to learn the meat business. Tn due time he became an expert butcher, and in 1885 opened a meat market of his own on South Cherry street, which he con- ducted for a period of three years with grati- fying success, disposing of the establishment at the expiration of that time, after which he worked for other parties until 1891. spend- ing the greater part of the interval in the em- ploy of Houser tS: Buchwalter. In the latter year ]NTr. Kloss again embarked in business upon his o\\'n responsibilit}', establishing- him- self at his present stand at No. 1252 South Market street, where he has built up an exten- sive trade, his market at the present time be- ing one of the largest establishments of the 924 OLD LANDMARKS kind in the city, also one of the most liljerally patronized and popular. J\Ir. Kloss is an en- ergetic, wide-awake, progressive business man, who attends closely to his duties, and by indus- try and wisely directed thrift he has become the possessor of a fortune of no small magni- tude. He is an expert in his line, deals fairly with his customers, and stands high in the esteem of the people. Among his German- American fellow citizens he is regarded with peculiar favor, having always been interested in their welfare, and for a number of years he has been an influential factor not only in their business affairs, but also in their social, edu- cational and religious life. Mr. Kloss, on the 29th day of March, 1885, entered the marriage relation with Miss Margaret E. Lichtenwalter, whose parents, ]\Iichael and Mary Ann (Howenstein) Lich- tenwalter, lived for a number of years on a farm in Pike township, Stark county. During the eighteen years preceding his death the fa- ther lived a retired life in Canton, the mother being still an honored resident of this cit-\-. Mrs. Kloss was born and reared in Stark coun- ty, and her marriage has been blessed \\ith six children, namely: Alonzo H., who is engaged with his father in the meat business ; Marv May •died at the age of two years; Pauline; Will- iam Henrv; Cladvs died in infancv, and Earl Ralph. Politicrdly, Mr. -Kloss votes the Democratic ticket, and, as an intelligent, enterprising citi- zen, keeps well informed relative to current €\-ents and the great public questions of the Canton, where he con- tinued to attend the city schools until he had attained the age of fifteen years. At the age of ten years he assumed personal responsibilities in connection with the practical affairs of Hfe, becoming a newsboy in Canton and proving energetic and discriminating in the handling of the business assigned to his charge, while 926 OLD LANDMARKS the experience proved of no little value to him in the formative period of his character, be- getting that self-reliance and initiative power which have conserved his success in later years. He left school at the age of fifteen years, and thereafter was employed in a clerical capacity and also worked for the News Exchange until he had reached his legal majority. Thereafter he was employed by the Dueber-Hampden Company, the extensive manufacturers of watches, in his home city, until 1897, and with- in this period, in order to further reinforce him- self for the active responsibilities of life, he completed a course of stitdy as a member of the night classes in the Canton Business Col- lege. In the }"ear last mentioned he withdrew from the employ of the Dueber-Hampden Company to accept a position as collector for the Central Telephone Union, and such was his fidelity and capable discharge of the duties devolving upon him that \.\\o years later he was promoted to the position of cashier in the Canton office. In January, 1901, Mr. Norris was sent to Fi'emont, Ohio, as local manager for this company, and tliere he remained until May, 1902, when lie was transferred to the Canton office, in the same capacity, and has since remained incumlient of this responsible position, while he has shown distinctive exec- utive ability and discrimination in handling the afTairs of this office, which is the most im- portant maintained by the company by which he is employed. The preferment has come to him through recognition of his ability and marked fidelity, and he has the confidence and esteem of his employers and of the general public, being one of the popular and repre- sentative young business men of Canton. In politics he is a stanch supporter of the prin- ciples and policies of the Republican party, and he and his wife are \alued members of the I-titheran church. In the city of Canton, on the 8th of Novem- ber. 1888, Mr. Xorris was united in marriage to JMiss Clara T. Webb, a daughter of John \\'ebb, \\ho was formerly city marshal of Can- ton and who is now employed in the secret- service department of the government, in the state of Nebraska. The maiden name of her mother was Cordelia Harding, who died in 1887. Mr. Webb subsequently married again and resides in the city of Omaha, Nebraska. Mr. and Mrs. Norris have two children, Carl E. and Bernice Fay, hoih. of whom are in the public schools of Canton. CAPT. PETER R. KAUF:\I.\N was born in Columbiana county, Ohio, on the 26th of June, 1829. He was a son of Peter and Cather- ine (Wiltz) Kaufnian, both of whom were of stanch German lineage, and thej' came from , Pennsylvania to Canton in the early pioneer epoch and here passed the remainder of their lives. The father of tJie subject was a prii;ter by trade, and it is undoubtedly the fact that he was the first to establish a German printing office in Canton. His son, Peter, owing to the exigencies of time and place, received meager educational advantages in his youth, but his was a signally receptive mind and studious na- ture, and thus he effectively supplemented the rudimentary training received in the schools of the pioneer town. As a boy he entered his father's printing office, and the discipline thus received was one of great \alue, for it has been well said that the training of a printing office is equal to a liberal education. He be- came a skilled workman at his trade, having marked facility as a compositor in both Eng- lish and German. After leaving his father's establishment he went to the city of Cleveland, where he became an employe in the office of the Cleveland Herald, in the meanwhile having been in service as a private in the Mexican war. Unfortunately definite information as to this period of his career is not attainable, and it must thus be noted with but a cursorv olance. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 927 He was still in Cleveland at the time when the dark cloud of civil war began to spread por- tentiously across the national horizon, and the intrinsic loyalty and patriotism of his nature at once manifested itself in decisive action. He responded to the call for volunteers and effected the organization of Company E, Fifty- eighth Ohio Volunteer Infantrj', recruited from Canton and vicinity and from Cleveland districts. His enthusiasm was contagious and in the regiment were found many of his per- >onal friends, who had been through his in- fluence induced to enlist. The regiment went into camp at Columbus, and after a sliort term of training proceeded to the front, being as- signed to the x\rmy of the Cumberland. Mr. Kaufman was made second lieutenant of his company at the lime of its organization, and later was promoted to the office of first lieu- tenant, and he was an active participant in many of the important engagements incidental to the early period of the war, having taken part in the campaign in and about Vicksburg. After a sendee of eleven months he returned home on a furlough, and upon rejoining his regiment he was elected to the captaincy of the company in whose organization he had been so largely instrumental. Of the details of the battle in which he met his death and of the way in which his noble and valiant soul was released from its mortal tenement, we can not, perhaps, offer a more touching and per- tinent record than by entering in full the letter to his widow by the orderly sergeant of his company within a few days after his death, which occurred on the 29th of December, 1863. The letter is as follows : January 7, i86j!. >[rs. Ida Kaufman, Canton, Oliio: Madam — I regret to write the following statement '■> you in regard to your husband and our most beloved tid esteemed commander and friend. I believe he had vritten you from Helena, Arkansas, about an cxpedi- uon which was going down the river with the intention to take Vicksburg. Mississippi. We went down with eighty-nine transports, all loaded with troops, and ar- rived at Johnson's Landing, on the Yazoo river, on the 26th of December (1862). We departed the same day for Fort Morgan and arrived on the 27th. In the after- noon our regiment was sent out to employ the rebel skirmishers. We found them and drove them about one mile, with the loss of our captain and four pri- vates killed. We were relieved at dark by another regiment. The next morij^ng we were employed in supporting batteries and in the afternoon we were en- gaged in keeping rebel sharpshooters from our lines, but we had no loss this day. The next day, December 29th, was the day fixed to take the fort by storm. Blair's brigade was ordered up to do it. It consisted of the Thirteenth Illinois, Twenty-ninth Missouri, Thirty-first Missouri and Fifty-eighth Ohio Regiments — altogether about 2,500 men. At about II o'clock A. M. we were ordered to fi.K bayonets, and in a double-quick, with hurrah after hurrah, we commenced the fearful struggle. Yes, it was murder by wholesale, privileged by law ! We had hardly reached the edge of the woods where we could see the fortifications, when the rebels commenced to throw shell after shell into our ranks. We could hear nothing but whizzing of balls and cracking of shells. To have an imagination of the thus fearful struggle you only need to look at our loss. We lost, in about an hour's time, thirteen hundred of our brigade, and your husband shared their fate. He died a soldier's death, on the dark and bloody battlefield. He re- ceived a slight wound in the right arm first, and we begged him to go back, but he would not do it, but urged us to go on. Then we lost sight of him. The battle was- over, and we could not find our beloved Peter. We looked evei^where — on every hospital boat and hospital — but we could not find him. The next day we tried, with a flag of truce, to go on the battle- field and look for our wounded, but the rebels would not let us. At last, on the 31st, they agreed to let us bury our dead, and then it was we found your hus- band's body. He was stripped of everything valuable — woolen clothing, sword, revolver and money ; even his boots had been pulled ofif. He had received a wound in his right breast from a piece of shell. He looked as natural as in life. We buried him not far from the battlefield, and on his grave we placed a board with his name engraved thereon. Your husband's trunk will be forwarded as soon as practicable. If you want any other information I am always at your service. Hoping this calamity will find you well prepared, I remain, your obedient servant, Robert Specht. Orderlv Sergeant Co. F. Fiftv-eiahlh O. V. T. Captain Kaufman ^vas not a member of anv orthodox church, InU was a firm believer 928 OLD LANDMARKS in God. His was a symmetrical, honorable and useful life, and though it was cut short it was tilled with more and worthier effort than falls to the lot of the average man, his name merit- ing a place on the roll of the nation's noble patriots, while the story of his career is full of both lesson and incentive. His was a buoy- ant, genial nature, and he won and retained firm friendships, his word ever being inviolable and his integrity beyond question. In 185 1 Captain Kaufman was united in marriage, in Paris, Ohio, to Miss Ida Jean- neret, who was born in La Chaud de Fond, Switzerland, on the i8th of January, 1831, and who was brought by her father tO' America when about eighteen years of age. Her father, Ulysses Jeanneret, here engaged in the jewelry business. Captain Kaufman's widow is still living. When the cruel war robbed her chil- dren of a father, she played the part of both father and mother to her boy and girls, and taught them to be honest, self-reliant citizens of the Republic, whose integrity cost her hus- band his life. Of her children we enter the following record :. Louis K. is engaged in farming in Canton ; Kate E. is the wife of James Baxter, of this city; Maria L. is indi- vidually mentioned in an appending paragraph ; TJllie remains at the old home in Canton, as does also the youngest daughter, Flora J. Maria L. Kaufman was born in Canton and has here passed her entire life, being now incumbent of the position of teacher in the first- grade department of the North Cherry Street school. She received her educational training in the public schools of Canton, having been graduated in the high school as a member of the class of 1876. Her pedagogic career has covered a period of more than a quarter of a century of consecutive work in the same school and same grade in \vhich her services are now given. She began teaching in the North Cherry Street school in September, 1876, and, as before stated, has been retained in charge of the first grade year after year to the present time. She is a consistent member of the First Baptist clnuxh. CHARLES H. HILLES was born on the parental homestead, in Washington township, this county, on the 3d of August, 1848, be- ing the fourth in order of birth of the five chil- dren of Enos and Mary A. (Harris) Hilles. Of the other four children ^\'e record that Arthur T., a successful farmer of this town- ship, is mentioned on other pages of this work ; Jennie is the wife of Johnson Grant, of this townshi]) ; Howard is engaged in the practice of law in the city of Topeka, Kansas; and Ella is the wife of Dr. Byron Douds, of Can- ton, this county. Enos Ililles was a native of Chester county, Pennsylvania, where he was born in the year 1816, a son of Robert and Jane (Lee) Hilles, the former of whom was an influential farmer of that county and prominent in anti-slavery agitation during the crucial epoch leading up to and culminating in the war of the Rebellion. He was a son of David and Dinah (Millhouse) Hilles, the former of whom was a son of Hugh and Ann Hilles, the original progenitors in America, whither they immigrated from Ireland prior to the middle of thfe eighteenth century and took w\> their abode in Bucks county, Pennsylvania, whence they removed to Chester county in 1856, and there passed the residue of their lives, David being the youngest of their four children. They -were worthy members of the Society of Friends, and members of succeeding gener- ations have to a greater or less degree held to the simple and noble faith of this organi- zation. Robert Hilles removed with his family to Mahoning county. Ohio, in 1832, settling in the vicinit}^ of the village of Salem, as a pioneer farmer, and thence, in 1844, he came to Stark county and purchased about sixty acres of land, in Washington township, where CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 929. both he and his wife hved until their death, each attaining the age of about eighty-six years. The latter was a daughter of Isaac and Mary Lee, of Berks county, Pennsylvania, where she was bom, and from a collateral branch of the family came. General Robert E. Lee, the distinguished Confederate officer. Enos Ililles was about sixteen years of age at the time of his parents' removal to Mahoning county, Ohio, and he later accompanied them on their removal to Stark county, where he individually purchased twenty acres in section 14, Washington township, near the homestead of his father. In 1853 he bought and removed to a farm in section i , same township, and this place is now owned by his son Arthur T. During the closing year of their lives he and his wife made their home with their children. Enos Hilles was a man of alert mentality and forceful individuality, and was naturally equipped for leadership in thought and action. He read widely and with discrimination and was particularly well informed on the questions and issues of the hour, in which he ever maintained a deep interest, while he was a potent factor in advocacy of the cause of the Republican party, being an able public speaker and logical and concise writer on political topics and having been an effective vi'orker in various campaigns. He was a zealous advo- cate of a sound financial system in govern- mental affairs, and was one of the first to main- tain that a change from the gold or inter- national standard would be fatuous in the extreme, and in connection he entered into a series of newspaper discussions in defense of his convictions, gaining a high reputation through his masterful handling of the problem through the local press. His life was one dominated by the highest principles of honor and integrity, and his faith in' the verities of the Christian religion was unwavering. He died on the i8th of December, 1890, while his wife passed forward to the "land of the leal," on the 22d of February, 1894. The boyhood days of Charles H. Hilles were, in their surroundings and incidental duties and pleasures, not radically different from those of the average farmer boy of the place and period, and to the public schools he was indebted for his early educational advantages. In 1872 he was married and shortly afterward he purchased a tract of thirty acres lying contiguous to the old home- stead farm, and for the ensuing four years he had charge of both places. In 1876 he traded his farm for his present fine homestead, in section 12, which has thus continued to be his home and field of endeaA'or for more than a quarter of a century. He has erected modern and substantial buildings and made his farm one of the model places of the township. In 1^81 he acquired a farm of fifty-five acres in section 16, and in 1890 he still farther added to his landed estate by the purchase of a farm of two hundred acres in Marshall count}', Indiana, a property which he still retains. On his home farm he gives his attention more particularly to the dairy business, while his Indiana farm is principally devoted to the rais- ing of fat cattle for the Chicago market, a line of enterprise in which his well directed eft'orts have been attended with a full measure of suc- cess, since he raises nothing but the highest grade of stock, having of late directed his at- tention almost entirely to the raising of the Durham type of cattle and Poland-China swine. In politics, though never an aspirant for pulalic office,Mr.Hilles has given his unequivocal support to the principles and policies of the Republican party, and he is recognized as one of the wide-awake and thoroughly progressive men of this section and as one eminently entitled to the unqualified esteem in which he is held. He is identified with the Patrons of 58 930 OLD LANDMARKS Husbandry, being a member of Fairmount Grange No. 242. On the 14th of August, 1872, Mr. Hilles was married to Miss Martha J. Philhps, a lady of refinement and gracious personahty. She was born in Fayette county, Pennsylvania, being a daughter of Ellis and Phoebe (Lilley) Phillips, the former coming of staunch old Quaker stock, of Welsh extraction, two broth- ers of the name having come from Wales to America in the early colonial epoch and estab- lished homes in Pennsylvania, whence their descendants ha^•e become disseminated through the most diverse sections of the Union. The Lilley family is of Irish lineage. Mrs. Hilles was reared and educated in Uniontown, Penn- sylvania, and her parent? are now both de- ceased, her father passing away in 1879, at the age of eighty-one years, while her mother entered into eternal rest in 1850, at the age of forty-two years, both having been devoted members oi the Quaker church. The eight children born to them are stiH living. Mr. and Mrs. Hiles have three children, namely : Jennie, who is the wife of Dr. Charles E. Cook, a prominent dentist of Crestline, Ohio, and who have two children, Winifred and Loyd; How- ard, of Washington township, married Miss Sadie A. Croade, and they have two children, Marian and Martha Lillian ; and Harry E., the youngest child, remains at the parental home, assisting his father in the management of his liusiness affairs. EDWARD L. HAYMAKER. — Too careful or too frecjuent references can not be made in the pages of history concerning those who have figured as the founders and builders of a great commonwealth, and in con- nection with this brief review of the personal history of Mr. Haymaker it is a privilege to touch incidentally and specifically upon inter- esting data in regard to the sterling pioneer pioneer family of which he is a representative and which has been identified with the annals of Ohio from practically the time when it was admitted to statehood. Frederick Haymaker, the great-grandfather of the subject, was born in Germany, where he was reared to manhood and where he was married. A number of years later, accompained by his wife and children, he emigrated to America, probably about the mid- dle of the eighteenth century, and settled in Franklin county, Pennsylvania. He was a man of means, and in the old Keystone state he established a shipyard and engaged in the building of vessels for maritime use, conduct- ing an extensive business for the day. At the outbreak of the Revolution he signalized his loyalty to the land of his adoption by tendering his services as a soldier in the Continental army, in which he became an officer and which he rendered effective service, having been trained in military tactics and manoeu\ers in his native land. After victory had crowned the colonial arms and independence established at so great cost and sacrifice, he returned to his home in Pennsylvania, where he passed the residue of his life. His son Frederick, grand- father of him whose name initates this article, was likewise born in Germany and was a young man at the time of the immigration tO' America. He became a man of prominence and influence in Pennsylvania, having owned much valuable property and having shown much discrimina- tion in his real-estate transactions. About the time of the Revolution, or shortly afterward, he located in the city of Pittsburg, where he became an extensive speculator in real estate. Through misrepresentations he was led to espouse the cause of Aaron Burr, to whom he furnished large amounts of money, while he also loaned large sums to the state of Virgina. He was thrice married, and became the father of twenty children. Li the year 1804 this able and progressive citizen determined to seek a new field of endeavor and came to Ohio with CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 931 his family, taking up a large tract of land in Portage county, on a portion of which is situ- ated the present thriving little city of Kent. At the time when he there located the section was a veritable wilderness, the primeval forest still remaining untouched by the inconoclastic hand of man, while the white settlers were compelled to dispute dominion with the beasts of the for- est and the aboriginal inhabitants, who were a constant menace. He erected a log house of the primitive type, though of larger proportions than the average, in order to accommodate his numerous family, and one of his grandchildren \\'as the first white child born in Franklin town- ship, that county. Frederick Haymaker and his sons reclaimed much land in that section and there the grandfather continued to reside for many years, finally removing thence to Newton Falls, Mahoning (now Trumbull) ■county, where he continued in agricultural pur- suits for a time and then took up his residence in Leavittsburg, that county, where, in com- pany with sons of his third wife, he established a flouring mill, one of the first in that section, and thereafter continued in business in this line until his death, in 1853. Andrew Haymaker, father of the subject, was one of the seven children of his father's first marriage. He was born on the old pioneer homestead, in Beaver county, Penn- sylvania, on the i8th of January, 1801. and came Avith his parents to Portage county, Ohio. He was reared to maturity there, aiding in reclaiming the homestead farm and, owing to the exigencies of time and place, his educa- tional advantages were very limited. He learned the trade of a mason, and to the same devoted his attention, to a greater or less extent, for a number of years. At the age of twenty-nine years he was united in marriage to Miss Eliza Loomis, who was born in Hartford, Connecti- cut, in 181 1, a daughter of Asa Loomis, who made the long overland trip from Connecticut to Ohio in 1818, the means of transportation being an ox team and Conestoga wagon, while the journey covered a period of thirty-three days. Mr. Loomis entered land in the locality where the town of C'harlestown now stands, and there he reclaimed a farm and passed the remainder of his life, his wife also dying at the old homestead. After his marriage Andrew Haymaker located on a small farm near Char- lestown. Portage county, where he continued the work of his trade and also placed his land under cultivation. There he continued- to reside until the death of his wife, in 1876, when he came to Canton. He was summoned into eternal rest in 1878, his declining days having been passed in the home of the subject of this sketch, who accorded to him the utmost filial solicitude. Both parents were consistent members of the Presbyterian church and were folk of sterling character, honored by all who knew them. Li politics Andrew Haymaker was originally arrayed with the Whig party, but upon the organization of the Republican party he identified himself therewith and ever after- ward was a stanch advocate of its principles. Edward L. Haymaker was born on the paternal homestead in Charlestown, Portage county, Ohio, on the 25th of August, 1844, and as he personally gives the statement : "As a boy I attended school a little and worked on the farm much." The school house of the dis- trict was located on the home farm and this fact militated rather against than aided in securing to him the educational advantages which could have been desired, since he was really accessible in case of any special duty to be discharged about the farm, and his services were so fre- c(uently in demand in this way that his school- ing was of intermittent aiid desultory nature during his boyhood days. He remained at home until he had attained tlie age of seventeen years, when, like many another loyal young son of the republic, he abandoned the plow to take up the sword in defense of the nation, whose integrity was in jeopardy through armed 932 OLD LANDMARKS rebellion. Scarcely had the smoke of rebel guns lifted from the ramparts of old Fort Sumter ere .he responded to the call of volun- teers, and in August, iS6i, he enlisted as a private in Battery' A, First Ohio Light Artillery, under Captain C. F. Cotter. Of all the troops that went from the state of Ohio, this battery had the distinction of firing the first shot in defense of the Union. This opportunity came at Gallipolis, across the Ohio river, where the battery engaged with a party of Confed- erates who were in advance of their main army. The battery was assigned to the western army, or Army of the Tennessee, and participated in every battle in which this army took part from Shiloh to Nashville. At Stone River Mr. Hay- maker was captured, but was immediately after- ward rescued by the Union forces. He con- tinued in active service until the expiration of his term, when, in 1863, he veteranized, being granted a thirty-days' furlough, which he passed at his home, after which he rejoined his company at Nashville and continued in active duty until victory perched triumphant on the falchions of the northern armies and the per- petuity of the Union was insured. Mr. Hay- maker .returned with his command to the city of Cleveland, where he received his honorable discharge in August, 1865, having served through the entire period of the great fratrici- dal conflict and having shown himself pos- sessed of true soldierly qualities. After receiving his discharge the subject returned to his home in Portage county, where he continued to be identified with agricultural pursuits until 1877. At Randolph, that county, on the 23d of August, 1868, he was united in marriage to Miss Rebecca Loomis, who was born in Atwater township, that county, her father having been one of the pioneers and honored farmers of that section. In 1877 Mr. Haymaker came to Canton and for the follow- ing three years he was engaged in the 'bus business, after which he associated himself with W. S. Shertzer, in the establishing of livery and sales stables, at the corner of Seventh and Court streets, the enterprise being conducted under the firm name of Shertzer & Haymaker. The building was destroyed by fire \n 1883, but the firm immediately errected another on the same site, and the partnership continued until 1885, when a dissolution took place and Mr. Haymaker then formed a partnership with Henry Miller in the coach and livery business, utilizing the same quarters. Two years later they sold the real estate and purchased property on Court street, between Ninth and Tenth, and at this time Captain H. H. Housel succeeded Henry Miller in the firm, which they continued in the same line of enterprise until 1891, under the firm name of Haymaker & Housel. In 1893 Mr. Haymaker purchased his present premises, at the corner of Tenth and Court streets, where- he erected a fine brick stable, seventy-five by one hundred and eighteen feet in dimensions and two stories in height, and here he has ever since continued in the livery business, having a finely equipped establishment and catering to a large and discriminating patronage. In politics the subject has ever given an uncompromising allegiance to the Republican party, though he has had no ambition for official preferment. He was a member of the famous McKinley Escort Troop, which attend- ed the lamented President in 1896 and con- tinued its organization until 1899. His inter- est in his old comrades in arms is signalized in his retaining membership in McKinley Post No. 25, Grand Army of the Republic, and he is also identified with the Knights of Honor. Mrs. Rebecca (Loomis) Haymaker died on the 7th of January, 1890, being survived by three sons, namely : Elden, who married Miss Cora Robinson and who resides at Canton; Everett, who married Miss Emma Vogelgesang. is a ship architect and is in the employ of the government, at Washington, D. C. ; and Harry Adelbert was married October 16, 1902, to- CANTON AND STARK CQUNTY, OHIO. 933 Miss Clara Sliker, of Canton, Ohio, and he is a member of the firm of Ilaymaker & Son. In October, 1893, Mr. Haymaker married Miss Ella Cobbs, of Damascus, Columbiana county, and of this union two sons have been born, George and Lyman. LEONARD R. TRESSEL, who was for a number of years freight and ticket agent for the Conotton Valley Rai-lroad in the city of Canton and who was thereafter engaged in business here until his death, was a native son of the old Buckeye state and a representative of one of its sterling pioneer families. He was bom on a farm in the vicinity of Harrisburg, Carroll county, Ohio, on the 3d of September, 1839, being the youngest of the ten children of Mathias and Catharine (Llarsh) Tressel, the former of whom Avas a native of Pennsylvania and of staunch German lineage, having been one of the early settlers in Carroll county, Ohio, where he reclaimed a farm and devoted the residue of his life to agricultural pursuits. The subject of this sketch was reared on the farm and received a good common school edu- cation in his boyhood days, later suplementing the same by study and discipline which he was able to gain through his own efforts. He con- tinued his studies for a time in a select school at Malvern, and later was a student for a short interval in Mount Union College, while after Tiis return from the war, wasted in strength and vigor, he went to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, ■where he further equipped himself for the prac- tical duties of life by a -course of study in a business or commercial college of high order. The subject was a mere boy at the time of his father's death and his widowed mother thereafter took up her residence in the village of Malvern, Carroll county, where the family home was established at the time of the out- break of the Rebellion, Mr. Tressel being then about twenty-two years of age. In Malvern was recruited Company A of the Eiglitieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and in October of that year Mr. Tressel enlisted as a private in this company for a term of three years. He pro- ceeded to the front with his regiment, with which he participated in many of the notable engagements of the great internecine conflict. He was. in the battle at luka, Mississippi, and in the five days' fight at Corinth, and thereafter took part in the many skirmishes incidental to moving forward to a position in the rear of the army at Vicksburg, where he was again in action, as was he also at Fort Gibson, Raymond and Jackson. In the engagement at the last mentioned place sixteen of his company were wounded, his fortune being to receive a very serious wound on this occasion, a ball passing through his left foot. He fell back and was captured by the Confederates, by whom he was held about a fortnight in Jackson and then sent to the famous Libby prison, of odious mem- ory, in Richmond, \''irginia, where he endured great suffering from his wound, which was not properly treated, causing him to endure a con- tinuous fever, while food was poor and insuffi- cient in quantity and the conditions otherwise almost unendurable. He was held there for a period of three months, being then released on parole and sent to the hospital at Annapolis, Maryland, and thence, six weeks later, to Indianapolis, Indiana, where he was assigned to detached duty, in which service he continued until October, 1864, when he received his honorable discharge, having made the record of a brave and loyal son of the republic. After his course of study in Pittsburg, Mr. Tressel returned to Malvern, Carroll county, where he engaged in the dry-goods business and also became local agent for the Cleveland & Pitts- burg Railroad. He eventually withdrew from the mercantile business and was for a time agent for the Conotton Valley Railroad and the Cleveland & Pacific Railroad, at Oneida, whence, in May, 1880, he came to Canton in 934 OLD LANDMARKS the capacity of freig'lit aiul ticket agent for the former of tlie two raih'oad.s mentioned and also for the Wheeh'ng & Lake Erie, giving faithful and effective service until his retirement, at the ex])irati(in of five ye;us, having hcen in the railroad business for about fourteen years. He then established himself in the coal business in this city and continued in this line of enter- prise until his death, which occurred on the 28th of April, 1895. He was a man of genial and gracious presence and had the: capacity of Avinning and retaining friends, so that his death was deeply deplored in this community, as was it also in others where he had lived and labored. His pulilical allegiance was given to the Republican party and his religious views were in harmony with tlie teachings of the Presbyterian church, in whose faith he was reared. Fraternally he was an honored mem- ber of the Orand Army of the Republic and the Masonic order, in which latter he had ad- vanced to the degree of Knight Templar. On the 24th of March, 1868, Mr. Tressel was united in marriage to Miss Agnes Fishel, and they became the parents of four children, namely: Mary Charlotte, who ren^ains with her widowed mother; Anna June, who is married and has one child, Anna Helen ; Margaret C. and I^oberta L., who likewise remain with their mother. Mrs. Tressel was born in Carriill county, Ohio, on the i8th of August, 1843, and was there reared and educated, attending the district school and later continuing her studies in the seminary at Malvern. She is a daughter of Henry and Margaret fMcClurg) Fishel, the former of whom was born in Carroll county, whither his parents removed from Pennsyl- vania, being numbered among the very early settlers in Carroll county. He was a shoe- maker and millwright by trade and vocation, and both he and his wife passed their entire lives in Carroll county, the original ancestors of the McClurg family in America having come hither from the north of Ireland. These were John McClurg (grandfather of Mrs. Tressel) and his brother, the latter of whom eventually returned to Ireland, where he attained an emi- nent position in the P.ritish army. John located in Pennsyhania. where he married, and he came to Ohio in the |)ionecr days and here fol- lowed farming f(ir the remainder of his life. Mrs. Tressel has a pleasant home in Canton, where her friends are in number as her ac- quaintances, and she is a devoted member of the Presbyterian church. While deprived of one who was ever devoted to her and to the home, one whose true nobility of character she more than all other most fully appreciated, she finds a measure of consolation in the memories of the past and the hallowed as.sociations, though she may no more "feel the touch of a vanished hand nor the sound of a voice that is still." JOHN H. ]ir)LL.— The ] loll family is one which has been identified with the annals c)f American history from the ccjicjnial qxjch, the original progenitors in the new world having established themselves in the state of Pennsyl- vania, whence re])resentalivcs have been dis- seminated through the most diverse sections of the Union, while the name has ever stood spon- sor for sturd\- integrity of character ruid pro- lific usefulness in the .sphere of citizenship. Stark county, Ohio, gained representatives from this family in the pioneer epoch of its his- tory, and here the descendants are numerous at the ])resent day, one of the number being he whose name initiates this review and who is an honored citizen of Canton. As to the early his- tory of the family in America e.xcerpt is made from a histor\- concerning the descendants of F,j)hraim Holl, published in 189 1 ami comi)iled by Henry C\ H to America as early as 1718. Ephraim and Magdalena Holl became the parents of three children, — Daniel, Samuel and Catherine, — the line of descent In the Holls with I'eter Kaufm.iu in the purchase of the Wissler mill |)roperty. They repaired the mill and changed the naiue.to the Empire mills. In 1859 Mr. Holl sold his interest in the mill to Ml'. Kaufmrni, foi- live thousand dollai's. About this time he sold his Jackson township farni-to (lodfrey Roush. In 1863 he l)ought a farm one mile south of New Berlin, of one John Calhack. "During the dark days of the great Ivehellion .Mr. i loll was wh.at might be called a lil)erai Dt'nioer.il, for he voted the legular Democratic 936 OLD LANDMARKS ticket, but, contrary to the teaching of liis lead- ers, he was ever ready to procure means to raise the required number of volunteers. The Union soldiers always found him a 'friend in need.' During the autumn of 1865 he had a severe attack of bronchitis. As the cold weather in- creased he grew worse and was confined to liis house. In the second week o\ February, 1866, his daughter, Mrs. Elizabeth Carter, died, and tliis affected him so much that he grew worse and sank rapidly. On Sunday morning, Feb- ruary 25, 1866, he was in such a condition that his family physician was summoned, but 'it was apparent that the end was near at hand. He was sitting in an easy chair, and after being removed to bed he expired almost immediately. For many years Mr. Holl had made the Bible his chief study and was so well versed in the New Testament that he could tell where any verse was found if it was only partly repeated. He became a member of the German Baptist church in 1835, and in 1863 he connected him- self with the Disciples church at New Berlin. He had a confiding disposition but was very slow to forgive when his ccinfidence was abused. He was ever ready to take an interest in any measure advanced for the public wel- fare. He was really the original projector and one of the founders of the Plain & Jackson Township Fire Insurance Company." Of the nine children of Samuel and Mary (Royer) Holl the following brief record is en- tered : Ephraim, who was born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, September 15, 1820, married Ann Sprankel, of Stark county, Ohio, and he died on the 21st of February, 1848, at his home near New Berlin, this county; Mag- dalena. who was born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, July 2, 1822, married Daniel Bomberger, of that county, and after his death became the wife of Jacob Sprankel, now de- ceased, and she resides in Canton at the present time; Reuben, born in Lancaster county, Penn- sylvania, November 15, 1823, married Eliza Roush, and now resides in Jackson township, Stark county; he is the father of the subject of this sketch and further mention will be made of him in appending paragraphs; Catherine, born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, August 20, 1825, married Samuel Hower, and they now reside in Sangamon county, Illinois ; Mannassa, born in Lancaster county, Pennsyl- vania, December 28, 1828, married Sarah Reemsnyder, and is now living retired in Stark coimty ; Elizabeth, born in the same county of the old Keystone state, September 18, 1830, became the wife of Israel Carpenter, and she died in Stark county, in 1866; Sophia, born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, April 3, 1833, married Samuel Walter, and she now resides in New Berlin, this county; Samuel, Jr., born near New Berlin, Stark county, Ohio, Novem- ber 23, 1839, married Catherine Zerbey, and is now a resident of Canton township; Henry C, born near New Berlin, this county, May 22, 1844, married Isabella Hossler, and is now a resident of New Berlin. Reuben Holl, father of the subject, was bom in Warwick township, Lancaster county, Penn- sylvania, on the 15th of November, 1823, and was al>out twelve years of age at the time of his parents" removal to Stark county. In his native county he received his early educational ! discipline, and was known as an apt student. After coming to Ohio he continued his studies in the common schools until December, 1844, when he entered a private school in Canton, the same being conducted by Archibald McGregor, who \y\\\ be well remembered by the living pioneers of the county. On the 9th of March, 1848, he was united in marriage to Miss Eliza Roush, who was born in Jackson township, this county, on the 28th of December, 1826, where her father. Godfrey Roush, had located three years previously. She died on the i8th of August, 1890, having been a devoted member of the Lutheran church and a woman of gentle and noble character. For two vears after his CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 937 marriage Reuben Holl devoted bis attention to teaching, and in tbe spring of 1850 be re- moved to a farm on section 13, Jackson town- sbip, and in connection witb bis agricultural operations he also devoted no little attention to surveying, in which work he was very pro- ficient. He was elected to the office of township clerk, and in 1857 was elected justice of tbe peace, in which office ■ be served nine terms, being succeeded by his son, John H., in 1876. In 1888 he retired from farming in an active way, taking' up bis residence in a house on the west end of his farm, where he has since main- tained his home. He has been zealous in the promotion of the general welfare through all legitimate means, and is honored as one of the sterling pioneers of tbe county. In politics he has ever given bis allegiance to the Democratic party, and in liis religious views be is liberal, ever showing a deep reverence for the spiritual verities and guiding his life according to the golden rule. He died March 11, 1901. Of his children is here incor- porated the following data: William P.. born in New Berlin, this county, March 10, 1849, married Alice A. Clay and now resides in Jackson township; John H. is the immediate subject of this sketch ; Daniel W., born in Jack- son township, June 29, 1854, is a bachelor and resides on tbe homestead farm, in Jackson township; Mary E., bom in Jackson township, Julv 2, 1856, married Josiah J. Zerbe, and they now reside in Canton; Oliver W., born in Jackson township, March 13, 1S58, married Alice Essig, and they reside in Alliance ; Ben- jamin Franklin, born in Jackson township, July I, 1 86 1, is an artist by profession and resides in the city of Brooklyn, the maiden name of his wife having been Ida J. Van Horn. John H. Holl, to whom this sketch is dedi- cated, was bom in Jackson township, this county, on the 12th of September, 1850, and was reared under the influences of tbe farm, while his early education discipline was secured in tbe district schools. Later be continued his studies m select schools at Canton and Spring- field, Ohio, thus rounding out a good academic education, while he became specially proficient in mathematics, having devoted special atten- tion to tbe study of surveying and civil engin- eering. During tbe winters of the years 1872 and 187s he was engaged in teaching school, being very successful in bis efforts, and in 1876 be was elected to the oflice of the county surveyor of Stark county, while in the same year be' served as justice of tbe peace in Jack- son township, giving most able administrations in each of these offices. In 1877 be took up his residence in the city of Canton, and here he was incumbent of the office of city engineer from 1878 to 1889, his long retention in the position indicating tbe appreciative estimate placed upon bis services. Since his retirement from this office Mr. Holl has been engaged in engineering and engineering work, with an office at 130 East Tuscarawas street. He is well known and highly honored in the county, being a worthy representative of one of tbe old and prominent familes of this section of the Buckeye state. His pleasant home is located at 730 North Clarenden avenue. In politics Mr. Holl has ever accorded a stanch allegiance to the Democratic party, and he has kept in touch with the questions and issues of tbe day, being a man of broad information and a high order of intellectuality. He and his wife are con- sistent members of tbe Evangelical Lutheran church. On the 3rd of May, 1881, Mr. Holl was united in marriage to Miss Clara A. Essig, who was born in Plain township, this county, on tbe 6tii of May, 1859, being a daughter of \\'i11iam A. and Ann E. (Correll) Essig, who removed to Canton township when she was eight years of age. She received excellent educational advantages and is a talented musi- cian, having been a popular teacher of the "divine art" prior to her marriage. Mr. and 938 OLD LANDMARKS Mrs. Holl are the parents of three children, namely: Carrie B., who was born on the 6th of March, 1882, and who is now attending school; Alfred T., who was born on the 4th of September, 1883, and is now engaged in attending the Ohio State University, at Colum- bus; and Wilber E., who was born April 16, 1886, and is now a student in the Canton high school. JAaIES F. CURRIE, son of Mr. and ^Irs. Thomas H. Currie, of Canton, was for years a reporter on the Canton Daily Repository, which, as the Ohio Repository, was the first newspaper to be published in Stark county. In the capacity noted Mr. Currie formed a very large circle of acquaintances among persons of business, professional and social standing in Canton. In the summer of each year during his connection with the Repository he was sent by his paper to distant points to report national gatherings and other matters of importance, thus making a number of long transcontinental tours. Among the first was his trip to Chicago to report the national encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic, in whose line of march were one hundred and fifty Canton vet- erans. This encampment was held during the strike on the new five-million-dollar post- office in Chicago, and it was said that it was by reason of said strike that the late President McKinley considered it inexpedient to attend the encampment. In the summers of 1901 and 1902 Mr. Currie made two trips for his paper from the Atlantic to the Pacific coasts. In the latter year his trip was one of seven thousand five hundred miles through the west, via Den- ver, Salt Lake City, San Francisco, Los Angeles, Seattle, Yellowstone Park and St. Paul. From these and numerous other points in the far west he sent home a record of the names and positions of fully two hundred per- sons formerly residents of Stark county who hatl risen to positions of trust in the west. On this trip Mr. Currie rode a bicycle a distance of one hundred and fifty miles over the mountain roads of Yelowstone Park, making this dis- tance in two and one-half days, while the same circuit is made by the park stages in five and one-half days, so that, the ambitious newspaper man made a record on this occasion. The desire of Mr. Currie to travel became manifest while he was still in his teens, at which period in his life he and one of his young friends indulged in prolonged pedestrian tours over the hills and plains of Stark county, covering from twenty-five to forty miles on such occasions. His'predilection for newspaper work early disclosed itself. Of the twenty boys, from a class of forty, promoted from the Dueber school to the high school he was the only one to complete the course in the latter. He was the assistant editor of the High School Record, and liis first published article in the daily press had Canton as its subject, the article in question having been spoken of at the time by Judge W. R. Day, now of the United States supreme court, as the "Best description of Canton I ever read.'' Mr. Currie has com- ments on his illustrated history of "The Eighth Ohio Regiment, the President's Own," of the Spanish-j\merican war, from the lamented President McKinley, Colonel C. V. Hard and General Charles F. Dick. He has written a large amount of valuable matter in regard to Canton and Stark county. This is historical and descriptive in character, and of the same he h.as a tnounted collection of upward of two hundred and fifty thousand words. At one time he registered his name in the capital city, Columbus, to take up the reading of law, with a view of preparing himself for admission to the bar of the state, and for a time he con- tinued his technical studies along this line under the directions of ex-i\Iayor James A. Rice, of Canton. Fie. ho^vever, could not resist the fascination of newspaper work and later CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 939 turned his attention to journalism. He has been employed at different times on all the dailies and weeklies of Canton, and for a time was incumbent of a position on a paper in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. In March, 1903, Mr. Currie retired from newspaper work, and then entered the West Virginia oil fields, at Smith- field, where he represents the interests of J. E. Carnahan, the millionaire oil, iron and steel operator of Canton. He is still incumbent of this important position. JOHN C. DEVINE is a native of Ireland, though the ancestors on the paternal side were of French origin. At a remote period the pro- genitor on the paternal side of the family joined a French expedition to assist the people of Ireland to regain their independence, but, like many similar efforts, the attempt proved futile, the vessel in which he embarked having been wrecked upon the coast of Ireland. He succeeded, however, in reaching the shore in safety, and later settled in Gal way, where he afterwards married and reared a family and became quite prominent in the affairs of his neighborhood. From this ancestor have sprung many descendants, one of whom was Mark Devine, the subject's father, who was born and reared in county of Galway. Mark Devine married in his native land Miss Mary Cunningham, daughter of Stephen and Mary (Mullin) Cunningham, who were natives of Ireland, where they remained until their deaths, though they were represented in the United States by four of their children, three of whom were pioneers of Iowa, while the other made his home in Kentucky. To Mark and Mary Devine were born a family of nine children, six of whom survive, namely: Michael, who lives in Ireland ; Jeremiah, a resi- dent of New Jersey; John C, of this review; Mary, who makes her home in Brooklyn. New York; Ellen and Margaret, the last two still at the old home in the Emerald Isle. John C. Devine was born September 24, 1855, in county Galway, Ireland, and there re- mained until a youth of fifteen, in the mean- time receiving an academic education which served as a foundation for the courses he sub- sequently took in science and civil enginering. A brother and a sister having come to the Ihrited States he finally decided to join them. Accordingly in 1870 he set sail and in due time arriving at his destination, settling in Sussex county. New Jersey, where his brother Jere- miah, a contractor and builder, was then resid- ing. He lived with his brother for some years and under him served an apprenticeship in the building lines, in addition to which he took a special course in engineering, availing himself while thus engaged of every means to add ta his knowledge so as to become a master of his calling. After finishing his apprenticeship and becoming an efficient mechanic he found ample opportunity for the exercise of his skill, working first in New Jersey and afterwards in . New York city, where his operations were seri- ously interrupted by the panic of 1873. In 1874 Mr. Devine went to Somerset, Kentucky, where he, in partnership with others, took a numlaer of contracts and it was while pushing these contracts to completion that he became interested in railroad construction, taking charge of certain work on the Cincinnati Southern Railroad, at that time in course of building through Kentucky and Tennessee. During the ensuing three years he devoted his attention almost exclusively to railroad build- ing in those two states, but in the fall of 1877 left that part of the country and went to Mar- ble Head, Ohio, near which place he was en- gaged for the two following j^ears in the con- struction of the Sault Ste Marie canal. In 1879 he came to Alliance. Ohio, his first work in this city being the stone work of the Catholic church, after which he took various other con- -940 OLD LANDMARKS tracts liere and elsewliere, building up a good business. Among the more notable of his early works after coming to this section of the coun- try were the Catholic church edifice at Letonia and the construction of a section of the Nickel Plate Railroad east of Erie, and later he con- tracted for all the masonry work on the Roches- ter & Pittsburg line between the towns of Ridg- way and Punxsutawney. Subsequently Mr. Devine became associated with Page, Carey & Company, contractors, in construction work on the Salem Railroad, but the former gentleman becoming involved in dif- ficulties which caused him to leave the country, and the latter being accidentally drowned, the responsibility of the undertaking fell to the subject and in due time he completed it accord- ing to contract. Meanwhile Mr. Devine con- tinued his general contracting and building, in course of which he erected a number of large public edifices, including among others the Methodist Episcopal and United Presbyterian churches at Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, the United Presbyterian church at New Lisbon, Ohio, the Roman Catholic church at Niles, this state, and at the present time he has under way a large and imposing Catholic temple of wor- ship and parsonage in the city of Warren, Trumbull county. In addition to these he has TDviilt a number of private residences, notable among which is the elegant modern stone dwell- ing in Salem belonging to the late J. T. Brooks aild he also erected the Reeves boiler works, the bolt and nut works and- the greater part of the steel works in Alliance, besides doing much of the building for the Buckeye works in Salem, lo say nothing of his numerous lesser contracts in different parts of Ohio and other states. Mr. Devine makes a specialty of large contracts and is so situated as to push them to comple- tion with the least possible delay, his resources of all kinds being such as to cause him no hesitanc}', however extensive the undertaking. In other than business relations Mr. Devine has come to the favorable notice of the public, having long been an influential force in the affairs of the city of his residence, and a leader in the various enterprises having for their ob- ject its material growth and development. He served two terms in the city council and re- signed from that body to take charge of the postoflice, to which he was appointed by Presi- dent Cleveland in 1893. He proved a capable and obliging official and held the office to the satisfaction of all concerned for a period of four years, retiring therefrom in 1897 with the good will of the people regardless of political ties. A firm and uncompromising Democi^at, he has been for years prominent in the party in Alliance and Stark county and his labors and influence in its behalf have contributed greatly to the strengthening of the cause in this sec- tion of the state. Since residing here Mr. De- vine was appointed to a position in the railway mail service and he discharged his duties as postal clerk with the same energy and ability that he displays in his regular business, his standard of efficiency while thus engaged aver- aging ninety-nine and six-tenths per cent. At the present time he is identified with several important industrial enterprises in Alliance, be- ing a stockholder and director in the Standard Bolt & Manufacturing Company, also a direc- tor in the City Sa^•ings Bank, and he owns the brick plant at Garfield, the monumental works at Salem, besides having large lumber interests at the latter place. In addition to the above he is a memlTcr of the Alliance Board of Trade and an active participant in its deliberations; is also connected with the Land Company of Alli- ance and lends his influence to many other un- dertakings tending to the advancement of the city and affecting the vital interests of the peo- ple. In the matter of material improvement Mr. Devine has perhaps done more for Alli- ance than anv other man, having graded and pa\-ed its principal streets, erected many of its most sightly and imposing public buildings and CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 941 private residences, besides investing his own ■means in property. The cities of Niles and Warren have also greatly profited by his work as he laid over two miles of streets in those places in addition to the churches, private dwell- ings and other buildings erected by him at dif- ferent times. He now has under contract at home and elsewhere a number of notable struc- tures, one of which, the Reeves residence in Alliance, will be, when completed, the largest and finest of modern dwellings in the city and one of the most beautiful and expensive build- ings of the kind in this part of the state. On August 13, 1883, Mr. Devine entered the marriage relations with Miss Mary Mad- den, of Alliance, the union resulting in the birth of two children, Clement L. and Mary Grace. The former, after completing his lit- erary education at Mt. Union College, attended the Case School of Applied Science, at Cleve- land, where is preparing himself for a useful career as a civil engineer. I'he daughter is also liberally educated and is a young lady of char- acter and varied culture and a favorite in the social circles in which she moves. Mr. Devine was born a Catholic and reared according to the tenets of that faith. He has been a true son of the cliurch and at the pres- ent time with his family belongs to the St. Jo- seph Parish, Alliance, being one of its most de- voted members and a liberal contributor to all of its good works and practical benevolences. He stands high among his coreligionists, hold- ing membership with the Catholic Mutual Ben- tefit Association, the Knights of St. John and the Knights of Columbus and he is' also con- nected with tlie secular benevolent order of Foresters. GEORGE A. KELLEY, M. D.— The Kelley family is of Irish origin. The Doctor's grandfather, Walter Kelley, was a native of West Meath, Ireland, and a civil engineer, by profession. He came to the United States a number of years ago and followed his chosen calling in Ohio, where he earned the reputation of a skillful engineer. He married in this state Susan Elson, the daughter of Samuel Kaemmerer,a native of Pennsylvania, one of the earliest Lutheran ministers of Ohio and a man of considerable repute in his day. The maiden name of Mrs. Kaemmerer was Catherine Bor- der. Rev. Kaemmerer preached at many places in Ohio, established a number of churches of his faith and departed this life at Zanesville at the age of seventy-two, his wife dying when seventy years old. While prosecuting his work as an engineer Walter Kelley, the grandfather, contracted a cold which, running" into pneu- monia, terminated in his death, the event taking place in the county of Muskingum. Among his children was a son, also Walter by name, whose birth occurred in Muskingum county, Ohio, November 16. 1826. Walter Kelley, Jr., learned the shoemaker's trade and followed that vocation the greater part of his life. He was a man of strong mentality and considerable ed- ucation, a skillful workman and provided well for those dependent upon him. He served in the late war in the One Hundred and Fifty- ninth Ohio Infantry and spent the last few years of his life in Burns, Marion county, Kansas, dying in that town in December, 1891. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Selina C. Kaemmerer, was born in Ohio and departed this life in the city of Cleveland, in January, 1900. She bore her husband children 5,3 fol- lows : Kate M. died May 14, 1876, at the age of twenty-three. Dr. Samuel W., a practicing physician of Cleveland, at this time filling a chair in the College of Physicians and Surgeons in that city. Dr. George A., of this review, and Anna J., who resides in Cleveland. George A. Kelley is a native of Muskingum county, Ohio, and dates his birth from the 27th of January, 1858. His first educational ex- perience was in the schools of Zanesville and la- 942 OLD LANDMARKS ter, about 1866, he was taken by his parents to St. Joseph, Michigan, where he continued his elementary studies until entering the high school of Wooster, Ohio, and later at Alliance, Ohio. After completing the course in the lat- ter institution young Kelley began the study of medicine at Wooster with Dr. R. N. Warren, under whose instruction he continued from 1876 until 1880, completing his course of study and lectures at the Cleveland Homeopathic Hospital College during that period, and grad- ttating from the college in the class of '80. Finishing his professional course, Dr. Kel- ley entered into partnership with his former preceptor at Wooster and after practicing there one year removed to Burns, Kansas, where he soon built up a lucrative business and took high rank with the leading physicians of the place. He remained in the west until January, 1895, when he returned to his native state and finally selected the city of Canton as the most favorable field in which to exercise his talents as a representative of the homeopathic school. Dr. Kelley has studied much and his success has been commensurate with the energy and devotion displayed in his practice. His pro- fessional career has fully met the expectations •of his friends and, as already stated, he stands today among the most successful physicians of his school in eastern Ohio. In his personality he realizes in a large measure the ideal of a •successful family physician and surgeon, add- ing to a quick apprehension and thorough pro- fessional knowledge the gentle manner and sympathetic heart of a true healer. In every relation of life with his fellow men he has borne well his part and he enjoys to a marked degree the confidence and respect of his associates in the profession and the high esteem of his fel- low citizens of every vocation. Dr. Kelley is a Republican, but while well informed upon party issues he cannot be called a politician, his time being fully occupied in at- tending to the wants of his patients and other- wise looking after the interests of his profes- sion. He is a member of the Northeastern Ohio Homeopathic Medical Society, the Can- ton Medical Society, the Stark County Medical Society and the Ohio Medical Society, in the deliberations of which he takes a leading part. Being an original thinker, a clear and logical writer, he has made known his investigations before these bodies from time to time in essays bearing the stamp of scholarship and deep pro- fessional research. He is identified with several fraternal organizations, notably among which are the Knights of Pythias, P^oresters, Modern Woodmen and Royal Neighbors, and in mat- ters religious he subscribes to the ^Methodist Episcopal creed, belonging with his wife to the First IMethodist Episcopal church of Canton. Beside himself and wife, the Doctor's home circle includes two children, Roger B. and Martha. Mrs. Kelley was formerly Miss ]\Iel- lie S. Barrett, the youngest daughter of \\"\\\- iam D. and Maria (Morris) Barrett, of Woos- ter, Ohio, and her marriage with the Doctor was solemnized in that city on the I4tli day of April, 1886. .'\NDREW J. LASH.— In the early pio- neer epoch in Stark county there settled on a tract of land in Bethlehem township Andrew- Lash, who was the father of the subject of this review, and the latter thus merits consider- ation as a member of one of the honored old families of the county, while such has been his personal career and such is his standing as one of the representative business men of the city of Canton, where he is successfully established in the hardware business, that specific mention of him in this volume becomes still more con- sistent. Andrew Lash, the father of the sub- ject, was born in Franklin county, Pennsyl- vania, in 1809, and was a mere boy at the time when the family removed thence to Stark coun- tv, and here he was reared to maturitv on the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 943 o!d homestead farm, aiding materially in re- claiming the same and in its cultivation, while his educational privileges were sueh as were afforded in the public schools of the day, and the facilities were of primitive order, implying the little log school-house with its puncheon floors, slab benches, etc. As a young man he was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Younkman, who was born in Stark county after her parents' emigration from the father- land to America. The father of the subject continued to reside on the old homestead until his death, in 1859, at the age of fifty years. His wife survived him by many years, passing away in 1895, at the age of eighty years. In politics Andrew Lash was a stanch advocate of the principles of the Democratic party and he served in various township offices of trust and responsibility, while both he and his wife \\ere de\-oted and consistent members of the Lu- theran church, exemplifying their faith in their daily walk and conversation and ever retaining the unequivocal confidence and esteem of all who knew them. Of their children we incor- porate the following brief record : Catherine is the wife of James Martin, of I^awrence, Kan- sas ; Jacob, who is engaged in farming in Bethlehem township, this county, married Miss Lydia Baker; Mary is the wife of John Parks, of Bethlehem; Levi, who is a representative farmer of Bethlehem township, this county, married Miss Christina i\Iase; Teresa is the wife of John F. Reiger, of Stark county; Will- iam, who married Miss F'rjscilla Shrefler, re- sides in Bolivar, Tuscarawas county; Caroline, a maiden lady, resides in Canton ; John O., who married Miss Caroline Smith, resides in Boli- var, Tuscarawas county; Andrew J., the sub- ject of this sketch, was the next in order of birth; Daniel F., a resident of Bolivar, married Miss Flora E. Carnes; David AL. a resident of the city of Canton, married Katy Parker; Ben- jamin F. died at the age of four years; and the two other children died in infancy. Andrew J. Lash, whose name initiates this review, was born on the old homestead farm, in Bethlehem township, this country, on the 23d of February, 1853, ''nd there he was reared, while, as he succinctly states the case, he received most of his early educational training in the lime-stone quarries, his technical scholastic dis- cipline being confined to an attendance in the district schools up to his eighteenth year. When but eleven years of age he left home and started out to face the battle of life on his own responsibility. He secured work as a farm hand, receiving five dollars a month and his board in compensation for his services, while he managed to attend school for brief intervals during the winter months, and that he duly profited by the advantages thus gained is evi- dent when we revert to the fact that he then proved himself eligible for pedagogic labors, and for the long period of nineteen years he was a successful and popular teacher in the district schools, while for one year he taught in the village school at North Lidustry. Dur- ing the summer vacations he continued to de- vote his attention- to farming, and for nine years of the period noted he had charge of the homestead farm. After giving up his work as a teacher, having carefully conserved his finan- cial resources, Mr. Lash, in 1892, came to Canton, and here he invested his savings in a hardware stock, beginning business in eligible quarters at 823 South Market street, having purchased the original stock from Christian Wilde, administrator, and having since greatly increased the same, in order to cater to the de- mands of a constantly increasing patronage, while he has remained in the original location to the present time, having a finely equipped establishment and having been successful in building up a most gratifying business. In politics Mr. Lash has ever accorded a stanch allegiance to the Democratic party, and he has been incumbent of various township offices. His religious faith is that of the United Breth- 944 OLD LANDMARKS ren church, and in the same he has been an officer for many years, being at the present time a trustee of the church in Canton and superin- tendent of its Sunday school, while both he and his wife are zealous and earnest workers in the church. Fraternally ]\Ir. Lash is identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Junor Order of L'nited American Mechanics and the Protective Home Circle. On the 22d of October, 1882, j\lr. Lash was united in marriage to Miss Amanda Newhouse, who was born in Sparta, this county, being a daughter of John and Nancy (Williams) New- house, honored pioneers of the county, and the subject and his wife became the parents of three children, namely : Zelma C, who re- mains at the parental home, as does also Carl E., whose twin brother, Paul E., died in infancy. ISAAC HARTER, Sr.— The distinguished biographer of the lord chancellors of Eng- land, in his sketch of Lord Eldon, speaks as follows : "We biographers generally make it equally redound to the credit of our hero whether he be of illustrious or humble parent- age, saying with the same complacency that he was the worthy descendant of a long line of no- ble ancestors, or that he raised himself by his talents, being the first of his name ever known to fame." There is certainly an element of truth in this statement and yet this is not an element of specific inconsistency, for honor should ever be accorded where honor is due. But we of America, where the greatest number of self- made men are to be found, find particular sat- isfaction in reviewing the hfe history of one who, without influence or aid of adventitious circumstances, has risen through his own ef- forts from a lowly position to one of promi- nence in any of the spheres of human endeavor, for in the potentialities thus implied lies the glory of our republic. Thus it is not in the least incongruous that greater credit is com- monly awarded to him who has risen from pov- erty and obscurity, through stern adversity, to a position of definite success and to high honor among Iris fellow men. It is a matter of daily observation that an experience of this sort is an element of popular strength in a candidate for public office, and this fact indicates the popu- lar estimate aside from such incidental promi- nence, while there is no injustice in thus hold- ing in high regard this potent antecedent. A man who made for himself a place in connec- tion with the honors and activities of life, who successfully surmounted obstacles and who gained high recognition for intrinsic worth of character was Isaac Harter, Sr., than whom no citizen of Canton has ever been held in high- er regard and esteem, while the record of his life is essentially coincident with the history of this now opulent and attractive city. A man of distinctive and forceful individuality, he left an indelible impress upon the industrial and civic life of the city and county in. which he so long lived and labored, while there was no shadow of wrong or injustice to mar any portion of his career. True biography has a more noble purpose than mere fulsome eulogy. The historic spirit, faithful to the record; the discerning judgment, unmoved by prejudice and uncolored by enthusiasm, are as essential in giving the life of the individual as in writing the history of a people, for the individual is the national unit, and if the unit be justly estimated the complex organism will become correspond- ingly intelligible. He whose name initiates this memoir was distinctively the artificer of his own fortunes, was true in every relation of life, faithful to every trust and stood as a symmetrical type of that sterling American manhood which our nation delights to honor. Though ]\Ir. Harter was a man of affairs and wielded a wide influence his life was one of subjective modesty and unpretentiousness, and it would be palpably incongruous in this con- ^<.^C^^i '^^-cc^G^ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 949 ncction t(j indulge in an adulation from which he would ha\e shrunk during his lifetime, and yet it is but just that a proper estimate of his hfe and character as pronounced by those who knew him best be incorporated in this work as a due tribute to his memory. In offering sucli an estimate we can not do better than to quote at length, with occasional metaphrase, from an a])preciative re\'iew of his career previously ])ublished and prepared by one familiar with the man and with his works: !t !s doubtful whether there has ever been a rcsi- diiit of Stark county more generally known through- out its province, personally and by reputation, than Isaac Harter. No one has been longer engaged in a business which brought him into contact with all classes nf people, nor has any one been more frequently quoted, m the character of boy and man, as an example for others. His father. Michael tlarter, came to this country from Wurtemberg. Germany, when twenty-three years of age. He married in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, and soon afterward emigrated to Knox county, Ohio, when- he purchased a quarter section of government land, upon which he settled, .-^s the country developed and travel increased, he was induced to enlarge the dimensions of his log cabin and open a tavern, and this in time Iiecame a popular stopping place. He had four children, one daughter and three sons, of whom Isaac, the youngest, was born on the 14th of June, l8u. The father died at the age of fifty-three years, leaving the family in straightened circumstances. The sister, Christina, had previously married George Dewalt and they had taken up their residence in Canton, and it was mainly through her instrumentality that Isaac was brought to this place, with whose progress and civic life he was de.stined to 1)ecome' so prominently identified. This Mrs. Dewalt was the grandmother of Mrs. William Mc- Kinley .'Vt the age of eleven years he was indentured to William Christmas, a merchant, to serve him until he had attained his legal majority. The compensation nf an apprentice at that time was his board and clothes, including a freedom suit to be given upon the expira- tion of his service, together with an undefined amount of education, this provision being rarely complied with. It is certain that Mr. Harter's opportunities in that di- rection were extremely limited. The major part of the instruction he received from professional teachers was that secured in night schools. Isaac served his master and mistress faithfully; there was no menial service about the house and store that he was not required to (\n, and he was never known to grumble or be in- subordinate. So useful (lid he make himself that it 59 was not long liefore lie became an important adjunct ol the store. He had the qualities which make a young: m;ni a successful and popular salesman, patience, in- dustry and integrity. M that period the stock of the average store in this new section comprised a general assortment of dry goods, hardware, queensware, gro- ceries, liquors, etc. All kinds of country produce were- taken in exchange for goods, and the salesman was re- quired not only to handle lard and beef and hides, pile- up boards and shingles, etc., but also to measure tar and fish oil and do other work that many young men of the present day would consider beneath their dignity. During Mr. Harter's apprenticeship he never received a cent in money as compensation for his services, and in his latter years he often remarked, when alluding to the- comparatively easy times enjoyed by the young men of today. "I was so situated that I never had the oppor- tunity 10 earn a dollar for myself until I was twenty- one." After he had attained his majority, Mr. Christ- mas made him a partner in the store, allowing him for his services an interest in the profits. The firm was then Christmas, Harter & Company, the silent partner- being a Mr. Hogg, of Brownsville, Penn.syivania. Mr. Christmas died in 1836, when it became necessarj- to>- settle up the estate and the partnership was dissolved, Mr. Harter then commenced alone and he continued in. the mercantile business until i860, when he sold out and engaged in banking, in which occupation he continued until his death, which occurred on the 27th of Feb- ruary. 1876. There is in the life of ;\Ir. Harter much to encour- age the young man dependent upon his own resources, much that is worthy of imitation. He was emphatically a self-made man. To his sterling integrity, his indom- itable energy, his courteous and obliging disposition, his kind and unostentatious generosity, did he owe his. success. In his business relations, in his daily inter- course with his fellowmen, his real worth was best known and most highly appreciated. He was the zeal- ous friend of the laboring and industrious classes and always ready to help those who manifested a disposi- tion to help themselves. He was of a social disposition: and enjoyed society, but above all other that of his fam- ily. A more kind, afi'ectionate and devoted husband and father never occupied that sacred relation. .As a pro- fessed Christian, having been confirmed as a member of the Lutheran church when thirty-six years of age. while not demonstrative, he was confiding and hopeful. Though strongly attached to his own church and al- ways ready to lend a helping hand in time of need, he was tolerant and liberal in his attitude toward other denoniinations, while he was always interested in move- ments designed to promote the prosperity of the town and was liberal in his contributions to that end. Hi* largest losses in business were the result of an eftort to assist some local enterprise. He had great energy and to his last days was as active as a man of twenty- 946 OLD LANDMARKS years his junior. Although frequently urged by his family !•> retire from business and to take the world more easily,, as he had accumulated an abundance, his inva- riable answer was, "I would not be contented doing jiothing ■■ He was not envious of others, but rejoiced in their prosperity. He was strong in his convictions, but not intolerant, was always firm in defense of the right, but had no room in his heart for revenge. Com- passion and pity dwelt in him as constant guests. Flat- tery could not cajole him into compromise nor power awe hin: into silence, in his manners he was afifabl'-, courteous, social and dignified. He was quick in temper, l)ut read)' to forgive and never harbored ill will. He Relieved in earb' training boys to business and was in the habit of imposing responsible duties, involving heavy pecuniary trusts, upon his own sons when they were yet young, believing the way to train up successful husiness men was to trust them when young, that they tnight be inspired with confidence in themselvc> The Savings Deposit Bank was fotmded by ]Mr. Harter in the year 1854, and under his able direction, with his associates, Julius Whit- ing, Martin Wikidal and Peter P. Trump, it A ife taking passage on the same sailing ves- sel, which consumed fift}'-four davs in making the voyage tti New York city. They went thence to Hanover, Pennsylvania, where their marriage was solemnized, antl in the following ye;u" they came to Canton. Ohio, where Mr. Shoof engaged in contracting and building in the line of his trade, having erected manv of the substantial old buildings in this city and vicinity and ha\'ing been known as a man of a1)ility and sterling integritx'. He continued in this vocation until his death, which occurred at his home, on East Second street, at the age of fifty-six years. His wife siu'vived him and lived to attain the age of se\'enty-seven years. Both were devoted and consistent members of the Cierman Reformed church and were ])rom- inent in the the early church work in Canton. Of their children we incorporate the following brief data : John is the immediate subject of this sketch; Caroline is the wife of (ieorge (irumlauf, of Canton; Mary is the wife of An- thony Francis, of Canton ; Elizal)eth. who be- came tile wife of John Stuerhoff". died in this C't\'; b'liza. the wife of Hiram ( irant. also died /:- i-^W/iams ^^'r^ /Vy ^^/J //// // / CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 949 in Canton: Amanda is the wife cit \\'illiam Smith, of this connty ; and William. \\hi> is a contractor of Canton. The subject has passed practically his en- tire life in Canton, and here he recei\-ed his early educational training in a log- builfling, which is still standing, on Kast Fourth street, the same being known as the Orchard school house, while his first teacher was Mr. Geise, who will be remembered b\- many of our old citizens. He also attended (icrman school sev- eral summers. com])Ieting his educational dis- cipline at the age of nineteen years. At the age of fifteen years he had ))egun to learn the trade of brick and stone mason, under the effec- xive direction of his father, serving a full ap- I'jrenticeship and becoming a skilled artisan, tliat upon attaining his legal majority lie was well qualified to engage in 1)usiness for himself as a contractor. He has thus been consecutively identified with contracting and buikhng here for nearly a half century, and it is needless to sa\- tliat in the county are to be found many suljstantial and enduring monuments to his skill and fidelity in his chosen vocation. He lias erected some of the larg'est Ijuildings in the city of Canton, and among the number may 1)e mentioned the following: The court house Avhicb was in use until the erection of the ])res- ent building, the blagle block, the fine resi- dences of Mrs. Elizabeth Harter and I\Irs. Cor- nelius Aultman, the school houses on North I'herry street. South Market street and Mc- Kinlev avenue, respectively, the plant of the Bonnot Manufacturing Company and the most Tf the present buildings of the Aultman plant, one of the largest in this section of the state. In politics he was originally identified with the Democracy, but about fifteen years ago trans- ferred his allegiance t''> the Republican party, -)f whose cause he has since been a stanch advo- cate. He is know)i as a public-spirited citizen, an able and progressive business man and his iiiflexible integritv and sincerit\' in all the re- lations of life have retained to him unqualified confidence and esteem in the city which has been his home from the time of his birth to the present. He is a prominent and valued mem- ber of the German Reformed church, in whose work he takes an acti\e part, while his wife holds membership with the First Baptist church of Canton, with which she is prominently iden- tified. In Canton, on the 24th of March. 1837, was solemnized the marriage of IMr. Shoof to Miss Elizabeth Houtz, who was born in this county, being a daughter of the late Henry and Eliza- beth (Yomig) Houtz. Their children are as follows : Ida, who remains at the parental home: Charles, who is a resident of Xewton Falls, this state; Austin, Homer and Percy, all of whom reside in Canton ; Dora, who died at the age of eighteen years: and Emma, Stellie and Elsie, who are at the parental home. JAMES M. MARTIN.— Rudolphus Mar- tin, father of the subject, was born in Hager.s- tow'U, Maryland, and was a child at the time of his parents' removal to London, Pennsyl- vania, where he was reared to maturity and married, being there engaged in harness making until 1834, when he came to Ohio and located in X'avarre, Stark county, where he entered into partnership with John Chapiuan and estab- lished a general store. They continued the enterprise about two years, at the expiration of wdiich they .disposed of the business and l)urchased a saw-mill a few miles east of the village of Louisville, this county, operating the same about four years. Mr. Martin then opened a general merchandise store jn Paris. this county, eventually admitting Ezra Smith to a partnership interest. In 1847 ^^^'- Smith withdrew from the firm and the original owner thereafter continued the business individually until 1868. in which year he practically re- tired, being succeeded h\ his two sons. Tames 950 OLD LANDMARKS -M., of this sketch, and Wilham P., who there continued the enterprise successfully until 1883, when they sold out. While living in London, Pennsylvania, Rudolphus Martin learned the trade of harness making, becoming a particu- larly skillful workman, and he is was who had the distinction of making the first five-ring hal- ter ever manufactured in the United States, while he was also the first to manufacture the famous London Avhips. -which are still in active demand and manufactured on a large scale. In Pennsylvania he was united in marriage, a1x)ut 1832, to Miss Ruhamah Uncles, who was born in that state. After his retirement from business Mr. Martin continued to make his home in Paris, this county, until the close of his long and useful life, his death there oc- curring on the 6th of April, 1882, while death did not long separate him from her who had been his cherished and devoted companion, for she followed him to the grave on the 6th of the following July, an interval of three months. Mr. Martin was converted in the Methodist Episcopal church, being ever kindlv and tol- erant in his judgment and ordering his life ac- cording to the golden rule. Li politics he was for many years a stanch Democrat. l)ut upon the organization of the Free-soil party he es- poused its cause and was thus naturally led into the Republican ranks at the time of the organization of that jiarty. Rutlolplnis and Ruhamah (Uncles) Martin became the parents of five children, namely; Amanda, who is the wife of Benjamin Estep, of Canton; Thomas Benton, who died in 1857, at the age of nine- teen years; Anna E., who resides in Canton; James i\L, the immetliate subject of this sketch ; and William P., who died in Canton, in De- cember, 1901, at the age of fifty-three years. James M. 2vlartin, whose name initiates tliis sketch, was born in the village of Paris, Stark county, Ohio, on the 26th of October, 1845, and there he received his early educational dis- cipline in the pul)lic schools, laying the founda- tion for that broad and exact knowledge which he has gained in the practical school of life, where the diplomas are signed by the wise head- master, Experience. He began his business career as a clerk in his father's store, and after being thus engaged for one year, he and his brother were admitted to partnership, practically assuming control of the business, though continuing to consult with and abide by the decisions of their honored and able fa- ther, who was a careful and capable business man. In the autumn of 1877 they disposed of the business to the firm of King & Company, of Alliance, who withdrew from the establish- ment in 1 88 1, whereupon the ^[artin Brothers resumed business at the old quarters and con- tinued the enterprise until 1883, when they again sold out, neither of them again entering mercantile business. In 1885 the subject of this sketch removed to Kansas, where he re- mained two )-ears. passing the succeeding vear in the city of Chicago, and the next in Canton, after which he returned to Chicago, which con- tinued to be his home fi ir the succeeding fi\e years, within which period he made many judi- cious investments in local real estate, and throngli his ojierations in this line realized large profits. He then returned to Canton, where he has since continued to operate successfully in the same line of enterprise. ha\-ing made man^- investments and having done much to improve many of the properties which have come under his control, so that the result has been of marked value to the city and county. In 1895 he instituted the erection of the fine modern business block, known as the Martin, at the corner of Third and Market streets, this being one of the most important and attracti\e busi- ness buildings in the city. Besides a large amount of city realtv Mr. Martin has interests in much valuable farm property in the count}'. and also in the Dakotas, while he is also the owner of valuable dock interests in the city of Duluth, Minnesota. He has shown marked CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 951 iliscrimiimtion and judgment ia his real-estate investments, and is known as a lii^eral, progres- sive and energetic business man, while through his well directed efforts he has gained prestige as one of the substantial capitalists of Stark county and as one who is an able financier, with a distinctive facility in handling matters of wide scope and importance. In politics, though entirely without official ambition, Mr. Martin accords a stanch allegiance to the Republican party, keeping veil informed on the cpiestions and issues of the hour and being thoroughly fortified in his convictions in regard to mat- ters of public import and polit}-. On the 21st of August, 1884, at Topeka, Kansas, Mr. Martin was uiu'ted in marriage to Miss Eleanor Redmond, of Marysville, Mis- souri, and she died in 1893. In 1898 he was marriefl to Miss Emily Benson, of Des Moines, Iowa, who presides with gracious dignity over th.eir beatitiful home, which is a center of re- fined hospitality. ?ilr. Martin has no children. HENRY COOK was born in the town of Weingarten, Baden, Germany, on the j/tli ■<( October, 18 [8, lieing the youngest of the thir- teen chiiflren of Jacob Cook, Avho passed his entire life there, engaged in agricultui'al pur- suits. He died in 1823, -when the subject of this memoir was a mere child, his wife ha\ing passed away a few years previously. 11 enr\- was taken into the home of one of his elder sisters, who accorded him a mother's care and guidance, wliile lie received the usual se\en years of educational training in the excellent schools of his fatherland. After leaving school he served a thorough apprenticeship at the slioemaking trade, to which he there continued to devote his attention until he had attained the age of about twenty years, when, about 1838, he proceeded to Ha\Te. France, where he embarked for America, landing in New York citv in due course of time and there continuing to follow his trade for a number, of years. There, on the 6th of May, 1841, he was united in marriage to Miss Barbara Janson, and about ten years later they removed to a farm in Sulli- van county, New York, four children having' been born to them prior to leaving the national metropolis. On this farm they continued to make their home for a term of about fifteen years, Mr. Cook being successful in his efforts and becoming one of the influential men of the community, where he served for eight year> iir the office of tax collector. This hoinestead figured as the birthplace of the other six chil- dren in the family. In 1866 Mr. Cook came with his family to Stark county, Ohio, and here he effected the purchase of the Good Intent Ta\— ern, situated on North Cleveland a\enue. one mile north of the city limits, while the property comprised seven acres of land. Mr. Cook Iniilt an addition to the hotel and otherwise improxed the property, and here he conducted a very suc- cessful hotel business, the stages all stopping at the place and leaving mail a-nd passengers, while it was the favorite stopping place for travelers from towns for miles around. 'S\r. Cook was of genial and kindly disposition, and his guests al\va\s found a hearty welcome and were af- forded tlie liest possible entertainment, the old tavern being one around which cluster many l)leasmg memories of the days long fled. He continued to i')ccupv the house until his death, which occurred on the 24th of Jamiarw 1882, and the property is still retained by his venerable widow, who there makes her home, though the house has long been closed as a place of pub- lic entertainment. He v.as a worthy memljer of the First Gennan Reformed church in Can- ton, and his wife also took a deep interest in its work, 1)eing- a devoted memljer of the same and resigning her active labors in the church only when compelled so to do by the infirmities of ad\-ancing age, though she still retains notable mental and physical vigor and enjoys the com- iia.niouship of her wide circle of friend'^ in the 952 OLD LANDMARKS community. In politics Mr. Cook ever gave a stanch support to the Democratic party. Of the ten children of Henry and Barhara Cook we enter the following brief record : Henry, Jr.. who is engaged with a street rail- way in Canton, married Alalinda i\lunn and they have three children. He was born in New York cit\" in r84J. Augustus, who was Ixirn in New '^"ork city, on the 22d of September, 1843, accompanied his parents on their removal to Sullivan cnuiit)-, Xew York, where he attended j^chool. In (864 lie jijined iiis maternal grand- father, Anthony Janson, in Pike township. Stark county, Ohio, with whom he made his home for a number of years, in the meanwhile learning the shoemaking trade, which he fol- lowed in Canton until sh(jrtly after his mar- riage. He then accepted a position as carpet layer with a Cantim linn, and continued to fol- low this line of work w itli different concerns, finally entering the employ of the J. O. Palmer Company, and remaining at the head of their carjK't-la^iug department for eighteen years. Pie died at his home in Canton, on the jgtli of April, 1900. He married Mary A. Robin, who .^ur\ives him. as does their child. Charles, wlio Avas born in Xew York city, in 1845, at the time of the C'ivil war, thou.gh scarcely more than a bov, enlisted from Sullivan county as a mem- ber of a regiment of mounted rifles, with which lie went to the front as a private. In a charge at the battle of Petersburg, ^'irgiuia, his horse Avas shot from under him. but he immediately sprung on to the liack of another and soon afterward recei\ed a terrible cut across the left shoulder with a saber, and was sent to the field hosi)ital, where his mother went to care for liim as soon as she could reach his side. She remained in the Held hospital for ten davs and then took her wounded young hero to his home, where he (lied shortly afterward, sacrificing his life on the altar of his country. Elizabeth is the ^\•ife of Clrich TTuber, a successful farmer of Plain townshi]), this county. George died at the home in Canton, at the age of fifty-one years. .John remains with his mother at the old home. Constantine died at the age of fi\e years. Julia is the wife of Thomas ^\'. Leahy, a prosperous coal operator of Plain township. ^Vdam died in chiUlhood, and William F. re- mains at the maternal home. Mrs. Barbara Cook, the \\idi)w of the hon- ored subject of this memoir, was born in the town of Wendelesheim, Hesse Darmstadt, Germany, on the 19th of May. 1820, and was there reared to the a,ge of se\enteen years, when she accompanied her parents on their emigra- tion to America, the family locating in Xew Y'ork cit)-, where they resided at the time of the memorable cholera epidemic, in the thirties. She is one of the six children born to Anthony and F.lizaljeth ( \lthouse) Janson, and of the number four are li\ing at the ])resent time. Her father died in \'an Wert, Ohio, in 1862. and his wife passed away in Canton, in iSCk), both having been lifelong members of the German Reformed church. SAMITEL F. I.OXAS is a native of Stark county, Ohio, born in Smoketown, Bethlehem township, on the i8th day of October, 1846, His parents John \\'. and Catherine (Hans) Lonas, were born, reared and married in Shen- andoah county, \'irginia, and about the year 1835 moved to Stark countw where the father subsequently l)ecanie a large landowner and sticcessful agriculturist. He jjurchased se\eral tracts of real estate which greatly increasetl in value while he held them, and at one time owned three hundred and fifty acres, nearl)- all in cultivation. He accumulated his propert\- by his own efforts and was a conspicuou.s ex- ample of the successful, self-made man of his day. He lived an honorable life, reared a large famih- of thirteen children and died at his home in .Vugust, i86y, his ,good wife ])reced- ing iiim to the gra\'e two years before. For a SAMUEL F LONAS. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 953 number of years he served as justice oi tlie peace, and by reason of his sound judgment and o'ood common sense was frequently called upon to settle estates and attend to various other business matters for his neighbors. In earl\- life he taught school in Virginia, and he bore the reputation of being one of the l^est educators and most thoroughly informed men of liie community in which he lived. Relig- iously, he was a member of the German Re- formed church, and for many years served as elder of the congregation to which he belonged, his wife also being connected with the same church. Tn politics he was a Democrat of the old sciiool, and as such proved an influential factor in local affairs, doing much in a quiet wav to ])romote the success of his ])arty. Of tlie thirteen children born to John \\'. and Leah Lonas, five only are living, the subject of this review being- the fifth of the family. Re\'erting- to the personal history of Samuel F. Lonas, it may be stated that he received first practical training- in life on the family home- stead in Bethlehem township, and that his early ^"ea^s were devoted to honorable toil, assisting his father and brothers to run the farm. After the crops were gathered, he attended the public >chools of the neighborhootl and this he kept up during the winter seasons until young man- hood, meanwhile taking commendable progress in the \'arious branches which then constituted the regular course of stud}-. To those earh- A-ears, under the tutelage of parents, whose ear- nest desire was to impress upon the minds and hearts of his children such principles as would insure h'\-es of usefulness and honor, Mr. Lonas is largely indebted for the integritv of character and laudal)!e ambition that have since marked his life and conduct. The world is full of such examples and the student of biography will experience little difhcultv in recalling- instances of where farm life left its im])ress upoi-i .some of the most noted characters known to history. In earlv vears when the mind is taking its bent and w hen youthful ambitions are shaping them- selves for manhood's achievements, no influ- ence has ever been found more p<^tent for good than that which the f-iu^m affords. Reared imder such influences, it is not at all surprising that Mr. Lonas grew to the full .stature of well- rounded manhood with a pro])er conception of life and its responsibilities, and with a well- formed purpose of making the most of his op- portunities. Arriving at an age when it l)ecanie necessary for him to leax-e home and start for himself he decided to de\-ote his life to farming and this honorable Aocation he has since ])ur- sucd with success such as only comes to fax'ored few. \A'ithout narrating in detail the vari- ous steps in his career as a progressive tiller of the soil suffice it to .state that his course has been a series of continued advancements until he is now one of the largest land owners as well as one of the mo=t enterprising- agriculturists in the township in which he lives. At this time Mr. Lonas owns about four hundred acres of valuable real estate, to say nothing of the land he has recently given his children. His home place is one of the best improved and most highly culti^•ated farms in the count\-. In ad- dition to farming, Mr. l^onas has made con- siderable nioney from his mineral ])roperty. owning- at one time a mine \alued at eight thousand floHars, and there are now on his place over sixtv acres of \-aluabIe coal lands from which he derives a liberal income. Mr. Lonas's life has been exceedingly active and his income as a farmer and man of aft'airs is without a stain. He is a Democrat in poli- tics and an aggressi\-e worker for his party. l)c- licving in its ])rinci])les as the partv for (he peo]Dle and ever ready to maintain the sound- ness of his opinions. Pie is now a member of the school board, in which capacity he has been nritiring- in his efforts to advance the cau.se of education in his township. belie\'ing that knowl- edge universally disseminated to be the best safe guard of a free and enlightened peo])le. 954 OLD LANDMARKS Islr. Lonas is pre-eminently a fanner and for a number of years he has labored earnestly to promote agriculture, being a prominent mem- I)er of the Patrons of Husbandry and one of the leaders of the grange with which he is iden- tified. He is also a friend of the church and an earnest advocate and liberal patron of all tile movements having for their object the social and moral advancement of the commun- ity, standing firm for good government and an impartial enforcement of the law to this end. Religiously lie subscribes to the creed of the German Reformed church, belonging with his wife to the congregation worshiping in Myers. Mr. Lonas was married April 9, 1868, to Miss Frona Stoner, daughter of Jacob and Mary Stoner, of Tuscarawas township, the fa- ther a wealthy farmer and influential citizen. Eight children have lieen liorn of this union. namely: Jacob W. ; Ollie L., wife of William Baughman; Ira J., Charles M., Frederick W.. Samuel F. and Lillie M., and one that died in infancy unnamed. 'I'lie children win > liave severed home ties are well settled in life, the sons being well-to-do and highly respected farmers, all but one living" in the countv of Stark. CHARLES C. UPFL\M.— The name borne by the subject of this review, whd is a representative member of the bar of Stark county, is one which has been identified con- spicuously A\ith the history of the nation from the early ej>och when the Pilgrim Fathers established their colonies in Massachusetts while the annals of the nation show that many bearing the name have become distinguished in the public and civic life of the nation, not the least of these having been the grandfather and father of the subject. It is established that John L'''phani was the first to bear the name in America, aiul he was the progenitor of all claiming title to the same within the confines of the L'nion. He was a native of England and was born in Somerset- shire. He came to America with what was known as the Hull colony, the same having been organized by Rev. Joseph Hull, a clerg}-- man of the estal)lished church of England. In company with his little band of devoted fol- lowers, this worthy man set sail, on the 20th of March, 1635, from Weymouth, in old Dor- set, England, for the Massachusetts Bay Col- ony. The company comprised twent_\-one families — one hundred and five individuals, — and the little vessel arrived at its destination on the 6th of the following May. They settled at Wessaguscus, which name, in memor\- of the port in Dorset from which they had sailed, the}' changed to Weymouth. John Upham was accompanied by his family, including his wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Webb; his sister Sarah and his three children. He was born in 1600 and was thus thirty-five years of age at the time of his emigration to America. On the 2(1 of September, 1635, '^^ ^^'■^^ admitted a freeman at Weymouth, which was the second colony founded after Plymouth, and he was given an allotment of land. In 1636 he was elected a representative to the general court, held in Boston, and filled this office several terms. In 1642 he was one of the six who treated with the Indians for the lawful extin- guishment of their title to the lands at \\"ey- mouth, and in the following year he was elected selectman. About 1648 he removed to Mai- den, and was one of its original settlers, and there became a man of marked prominence and influence, ha\ing been elected selectman and held otlier offices. After the death of his first wife he married Katherine, widow of Angell Llollard. but all of his children were bom of the first marriage. He was a deacon in a church and was a man to whose life and char- acter his remote descendants may well look back upon with pride and satisfaction. From him the lineage is traced in direct line to the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 955 subject through the following heads of the sev- eral generations : Piiineas, John, Samuel. Samuel (2cl), Samuel - (3d), William and William Keyes. Samuel Upham (3d), the great-grand- father of the suljject of this review, was born in Leicester, Massachusetts, in 1762, and mar- ried Patty Livermore, who was born in 1768, a daughter of Ji^nas Li\-ermore, of Leicester. She was the mother of his four children, and atcer her death he married again, the maiden name of his second wife having I)een Pike. He removed to Washington county. Vermont, when the region was almost a wilderness, this being in the }"ear 1802. and his home was one of the first in the present city of Montpelier. Pie served as a patriot soldier in the war of the Revohition, during which he held the rank of captain, a title by which he was afterward known. He died in \Vest Randolph, Vermont, May 12, 7848. Of his four children the eldest was Willian', the grandfather of the subject. Hon. William P^pham, of Montpelier, 'N'ermont. will stand in history as one of the distinguished and g'ifted sons of the nation. Plis was a sjiotless reputation and he was a leader in thought and action, his influence transcending local limitations and permeating the life of the nation. Of recondite knowledge, positive and pcnverful indixidualitv, he left his impress ujxjn his times and upon the annals of the republic. He was born in Leicester, Mass- achu.selts. on tlie 3th of August, 1792. In 1814 he married Sarah Keyes, of Ashford, Con- necticut, who died May 8. 1856. He was one of the foremost members of the bar of Ver- mont, which st.'ite he represented in the United States .senate from 1841 until his death, on the 14th of January. 1853, his remains being interred in the Congressional cemetery, in Washington, where his death occurred. Wash- burn's History of Leicester, Massachusetts, has the following sketch : "His father mo\-ed to IMontpelier, Ver- mont, in 1802. William studied law with Judge Samuel Prentiss, and was admitted to the bar about 181 1. He was a prominent lawyer and was elected to the United States senate in 1841, re-elected in 1847, ^^d <^''cd at Washington, January 14, 1853. When a boy William crushed his hand in a cider mill ; it \\as trimmed with a hatchet. Being unlitted for maiuial la- bor, it was determined to educate him. He studied at the academy in 1709 and 1800. Af- ter his admission to the bar he Ivecame a ])art- ner of Judge Prentiss. He attained high rank in his profession, being particularly successful as a jury advocate. He possessed a great share of wit and huuKir, and oCcasionallv indulged in sarcasm with telling efl'ect. He was a social, pleasant anfl agreeable compduiDii, and had acr|uired su.cli a degree ot p()])ular favor and confidence that when his partner was appointed district judge of the United States court Mr. Upham became his successor in the United States senate. He did not often speak in the senate, but whene^-er he did, it was with much force, directness and effect. He was staunch in his political opinions and commanded atten- tion as an independent thinker and outspoken representative of New England sentiment." Another sketch speaks as follows: "In his professional career, to which the main ener- gies of his life were de\oted, he became widely known as one of the best advocates in the state. He was one of the most successful jury lawyers to he found in any country. Xev-er hesitating for a word, and fluent beyond exam- ple, the style of his speaking was rapid, thor- oughly earnest and often highly impassioned, and so magnetic was that earnestness and seeming confidence in his case, and so skill- fully wrought were his arguments, that bad, indeed, must have been his side of the question if he did not command the sympathies and convictions of a good part, if not all, of the jury." At the time of his death Senator Sew- ard said of him: 'AVilliam L^pham was of 956 OLD LANDMARKS A'ermont. — a consistent exponent of her institu- tions. He was a man of strong and vigorous judgment, whicli acted always by a process of sound, inductive reasoning, and his compeers liere (in tlie senate) will liear witness that he was equal to the \aried and \ast responsibili- ties of the senatorial trust. He was a plain, unassuming, unostentatious man. He never spoke for displav. hut always for conviction, •fie was an honest and just man. He had got- ten nothing by fraud or guilt, and so he lived without any fear of Insing whatever of fortune or position he had attained. Xo gate was so strong, no locks sf sterling old Xew England families, and who died Xo\ ember 5. 18^4. They l^ecame the par- ents of fi\e children, ct)ncerning whom we enter brief record, as follows: Sarah AI., who was born in 1845, married Wallace H. Ballon and her death occurred in Kansas City, Mis- souri, January 26, 1882; Alattie P., born in 1848, uKirried (iear of Ohio the same year. Since that time he has lived in Canton and continued the practice of law. THOMAS H. CI'RRIE was born in Gart- sherrie, Lanarkshire, Scotland, on the 4th of June. 1833, being the youngest .son of James and Janet (Henderson) Currie. He entered school at the age of five years, but owing- to the exigencies and conditions which compassed his youth he left school at an earlv age, and for tvventv vears he followed niinino-. becomins; fa- miliar with all branches of the industry. Dur- ing tliis i^eriod he applied much of his time to study at home and also attended night school, and through his efforts gained a wide and prac- tical knowledge, and he may well be said to be self-educated, even as he is, the architect of his own fortune. At the age of sixteen years he became a member of the Fourth Battalion, Lan- arkshire Ride \olunteers, resigning from the same in the second year of his service and, de- ciding that his mother country was too small for all her sons, he sailed for Canada, on the 29t!i of May, 187.:;. After a short stay in that dominion he came to Stark county, Ohio, lo- cating in the city of Massillon in June of the same year. On Christmas day of the year 1877 Ah". Currie was united in marriage to Aliss Jennie Forrest, daughter of William and Sarah (Stev- enson ) Forrest, who had come to America from Scotland many }ears before. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Currie was solemnized in the city of \V)nng-.stown, Ohio, and they forthwith came to Stark count}-, where he had pre\-ionslv estab- lished his home, as before noted. Of this union three children were born, namely: James F.. who was born April 24. 1879, near Massillon, this county: William d.. who was born Decem- ber II. 1881. at Xewman. this count\-. wdiere also was born the onl\- daughter, Sadie M., the date of her nativity being April 17, 1884. James V. Currie has been for the past three years a reporter on the Canton Daily Reposi- tory. William Forrest, the father of Mrs. Currie. recently died at his home near Massil- lon, ?nd he was at that time one f>f the two sur- viving members in this county of the old Twen- ty-third Ohio Regiment of Volunteer Infantry, in which the late lamented President McKin- ley served during the Ci\il w ar. The other sur- vivor was the Re\-. C. L. Manchester, w ho was pastor of the First Methodist Episcopal church of Canton until loor. The regiment was re- cruited through counties north of Stark, and on 958 OLD LANDMARKS it? membership mil were a few volunteers from tlii-; county. Dr. Manchester, as pastor of the church mentioned, there officiated at the funeral of Canton's distinguished and loved citizen, President McKinley, in .September, 1901. \\"hen the late President visited his home in Canton Air. horrest called occasionally at his cottage to exchange greetings and to live over again the days of their military service, the ] 'resident ever accorded him a most cordial welcome. The Twenty-third Ohio had within its ranks two men who later served in the chief executive office of the nation, — Hayes and Mc- Kin.ley. Among other members who afterward became distinguished were Hon. Stanley Mat- thews, once a prominent jurist of Cincinnati ; General Rosecrans rmd Russell Hastings, all prominent among Oliio's sons. Mr. Forrest served four jears in the Civil war and was wounded in tlu' battle of Winchester, Virginia, a piece of shell, weighing exactly sixteen ounces, passing through his thigh. He enlisted with a ]^ennsylvania regiment and later went out with the Ohio regiment mentioned. He participated in the sanguinary contlicts of Antietam and Gettysburg and many others of the memorable battles of the great internecine war. He was six feet in height, w itb ])owerful physique, and he was seventy-four years of age at the time of his death. His remains were laid to rest in the cemetery at Newman, this county. Thomas H. Currie was made a citizen of the United States, at New Philadelphia, Ohio. He served several terms as township trustee and again as school director of Lawrence township, Stark county, and for years he was superintend- ent of the Sunday school at Newman, this coun- ty. Fifteen years ago he came to Canton and opened a grocery store in the west end of the city, and later he ^vas emjiloyed at the watch factory, in the vicinity of which he became in- terested in real estate, acquiring a considerable amount of valuable ])roperty, his first work at the watch factorv bcins' in connection with the construction of the plant, as has been previously stated in this cuutext. After the plant was put m operatinn he was em- ploved in \ariiius capacities and was finally promoted to the position of foreman of the gold and silver refining department, having pre- viously had laboratory experience in metallurg}^ with the Glasgow & Port Washington Iron & C"oa! Company, in Tuscarawas county, as pros- pector, upon which experience he enlarged in such a way as to enable him to become a suc- cessful assayer and refiner. In the years he has been with the watch company he has assayed and refined several million dollars' worth of precious metals, including some material from the TJnited States mints. He has taken an act- ive interest in the time honored fraternity of Freemasons, and in the same has recei\"ed the Knight Templar degrees. He was the first ])re- siding officer of Canton Home No. 43, Home Guards of America, which has a membership of two hundred and fifty. For years he has been an officer in the First Presbyterian church. Fie has taken no active part in politics since coming to Canton, although his friends ha\e repeatedly urged him to do so. Scotland, his native land, and the "bonny blue bell" are not forgotten, and when the scattered Scots come together on Caledonia days to re-sing "Auld Lang Syne'' he is aye there, and the "cannie chiels" of the Canton Burns Club have him as "keener o' their siller"' (treasurer). DAVID HINTON claims the old Keystone state as the place of his nativity, Iraving been born in Bedford county, Pennsylvania, on the 23d of December, 1851, and being a son of James and Sarah CBarnett) Hinton, of whose nine children six are living at the time of this writing, namelv : Louisa, who is the wife of Daniel Willaman, of New Berlin, this county; David, who figures as the subject of this sketch ; Samuel, who resides at INIiddle Branch, this CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 959 county; Alfred, who makes his home in the city of Cleveland ; and Charjes, who is a farmer of Nimishillen township. James Hinton was born in Bedford county, Pennsylvania, where he was reared and educated and where he learned the carpenter's trade in his youth, becoming an ex- pert artisan in the line, and' continuing to fol- low the same at intervals until the closing years of his life. His wife was likewise a native of Pennsylvania, being a daughter of James Bar- nett, who was a tailor by trade and vocation and who passed the closing years of his life in Stark county. In 1853, when our subject was but four years of age, his father removed from Bedford county, Pennsylvania, to Stark coun- ty, locating in Nimishillen township, where the family maintained their home for several years, after which they removed to Plain township, where the father purchased a farni of fifty-six acres, upon which he passed the residue of his useful and honorable life, passing away in 1900, at the venerable age of seventy-seven years, se- cure in the esteem of all who knew him. In politics he was a stanch supporter of the Re- publican party, with which he identified him- self at the time of its organization, and he was a devoted member of the Church of God, as was also his cherished wife, who was summoned into eternal rest in 1895, at the age of sixty- eight years. Under the home roof David Hinton was reared to maturit)', receiving the advantages afforded by the common schools of the day and early beginning to work at the carpenter's trade under the effective direction of his honored fa- ther, who gave him most careful instruction and encouragement, so that he could claim the dis- tinction of being a master carpenter when only -eventeen years of age. Mr. Hinton was united in marriage to Miss Lncinda Stauffer, who was born in Canton township, this county, being a daughter of Jacob Staufifer, whose father was numbered among the early settlers of Stark county, with whose annals the name has l;een prominently and honorably identified from the pioneer epoch to the present tlay. To them have been liorn four children, of whom two survive, namely : George, who is a carpenter by vt)ca- tion and a resident of Nimishillen townshij); and Latu'a, who- remains at the parental home. After his marriage Mr, Plinton purchased his present home farm, in which are comprised one hundred acres of very fertile and productive land, while upon the place he has made the best of improvem.ents, his ability as a car[ienter and builder giving assurance that no imperfect workmanship would be tolerated in the erect- ing of the various buildings, including the com- modious and pleasant residence. Mr. Hinton still continues to work at his trade at varying intervals, his services being in requisition by many of the residents of this section, who ap- preciate his technical abilit}-, his sterling integ- rity and his fidelity to the terms of every con- tract. In the matter of politics he exercises his franchise in support of the principles and poli- cies of the Republican party, of which he has been a stalwart adherent from the time of at- taming his majority, though he has never sought the honors or emoluments of official preferment. He takes a lively interest in all that concerns the welfare of the community, be- ing progressive and public-spirited at all times, and recogiiizing his marked eligi])ility, the people of the district ha\e continuouslv re- tained him in office as school director for the past tweh'e A^ears. WILLIAM BLANK is a native of West Virginia, and the son of John and Elizabeth (Engleman) Blank, both parents born in Germany, but since 1857 residents of the L^nited States. On coming to this countrv. John Blank settled in West Virginia, but after a comparatively short residence there moved to Indiana, thence, after a short time, to Stark county, Ohio, locating at Canal Fulton, with t,6o OLD LANDMARKS the Inisiiiess interests of wliicli he lias since Ijeen connected. At the present time he is enoaeed in the nianutacttire of cereal coffee and baking powder, lieing a large stockholder and practiad manager of the French Cereal i^Ianu- facturing Company, which he assisted to or- ganize and in the affairs of which he has since been a leading spirit. During President Cleve- land's second adiiiinistration he was postmaster at Canal Fulton, having been appointed to the office in recognition of his active and faithful party service, having been a pronounced Demo- crat ever since becoming an American citizen. William Blank vras torn on the 6th clay of August, i86i, and, with the exception of a few years, has spent his life in Canal Fulton, having been quite young when his parents mnvetl to the town. After receiving a good practical education in the public schools, he decided to devote his life to business pursuits. /\ccordingly. when a young man. he effected a co-partnership with his brother. John V. Blank, in the grocery trade, the firm thus con- stituted lasting about twelve years. The Blank l)rothers secured a large and lucrative patronage and became the leading grocers of Canal Fulton, their prestige as acti\'e, wide- awake and eminentlx' successful business men earning for them a reputation by wy means confined to the ])recincts of the town in which their establishment was situated. At the ex- piration of the alxive period the partnership was dissolved, the subject engaging in general merchandising tipon his own responsibility, and to this he has since de\'oted his time and at- tention witli large tinancial gains. Mr. Blank is an accomplished business man and bv suc- cessful management and fair dealing has built u]i a large trade, which is constantly growing in magnitude and importance. Xot a little of his patronage is due to his amiable qualities and gentlemanly demeanor, characteristics which have much to do in winning friends and gaining public conlidence. In addition to his mercantile business, he is interested in various otiier enterprises, among which is the French C ereal Manufacturing Company, of which he is now president. As already stated, Mr. Blank has held ?e\eral official positions, hav- ing served four years as town clerk, and at the present is discharging the duties of treas- urer of Canal J^ulton. He also held the im- portant position of treasurer of the Street Fair Association, in which, as in other offices re- ferred to. he displayed ability of a high order and discharged worthilv e\ery dtitv incumbent u])on him. At this time Mr. Blank is secretar\ of the Catholic Mutual Benevolent Association, with which organization he has been identified for several yeiirs in various other capacities; he is an acti\'e and inlluential factor in the social, fraternal and business interests of the place of his residence. In politics he is an un- compromising supporter of the Democratic party and has conti"il>uted much to its suc- cess not only in municipal and county affairs, but in state and national campaigns as well. Air. Blank was married, in 1883. to Miss Hattie Pfiff'er, who was born in Canal I-'ulton in 1866. the daughter of August and Julia Pfif- fer, natives of Cermany. The father was for a numl^er of years propriet(jr of a hotel in Canal Fulton, where his death took place in 1808. Ti) Mr. and Mrs. Blank have been born' two children: Bertha, a jjrighl voung lady of fifteen, to whom is accorded the honor (jf being the youngest person ever graduated from the Canal Fulton high school, and Arnold, who is now pursuing his studies in the same institution. Mr. Blank and family are devoted members of the Catholic church, be- ing among the leading workers and liberal sup- porters of the congregation at Canal Fulton. WALL.VCE S. FOCLKS.— The history of the I""oulks family in the United States dates from the colonifil period and the name appears CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 961 in connection with the great struggle which re- sulted in American independence. According to the most authentic information obtainable the Doctor's great-great-gneat-grandfather on the paternal side was William, a native of Ger-* many. He came to America prior to the war of the Revolution and when the colonists revolted espoused their cause and bore a distinguished part until the Briton was driven from our shores. He also proved his loyalty to his adopt- ed country by fighting her hereditary foe from 1812 to 181 5. having served in a Pennsylvania regiment during that war. He is supposed to have first settled in Massachusetts, moving thence to New York and later to Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, where he followed the life of a farmer until his death, which occurred about the year 1835. The subject's great-great- grandfather was William, a native of Philadel- phia, born June 10, 1770, married Elizabeth Morgan, born September 8, 1771. William died September 3, 1833, and his w'ife June 6, 1845. The issue of their union was as follows : Nancy, who married a Mr. Fisher, born Octo- ber 22, 1791, died May 16. 1858; John, born June TO, 1793, at Darlington, Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania ; Sallie, born February 12, 1796, died January i, 1856: Charjes, born July 26, 1798, died April 4, 1872; William, bom June 27, j8oo, died June 3, 1879; Eliza- beth, born August 25, 1802; Jessie, born June 27, 1804; Mary, born July 18, 1806. died April 28, 1845; Matilda, born September 20, 1808, died August 25, 1852; Jacob, born June 19, 1810, died March 20, 181 t; Minnie, born De- cember 20, 1818, married a Mr. Stephenson, of near Mansfield, Ohio, and they have four chil- dren. John Foulks, the subject's great-grand- father, was born in Westmoreland county, near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1793, and, like his father, devoted his life to the pursuit of agriculture. When a young man he came to eastern Ohio, settling at Moultrie, Columbiana county, where shortly after his arrival he mar- 60 rietl a widmv of the name of Mary Hassler, daughter of William Sleutz, who was also a native of Pennsylvania. John Foulks entered a section of land on which he built a small log cabin and lived the life of a pioneer, sharing in all the hardships and vicissitudes of the early times. He developed a fine farm, accunnilated a large estate and became one of the enterpris- ing men of the community in which he lived. Fie died in 1878, where he originally settled, his wife preceding him to the grave in 1869. The following are the names of the children born to John and Mary F""oulks : Lafayette, of whom a more extended notice will be found in another paragraph ; Mrs. Minerva Vink, born August 7, 1834 ; William, born May 8, 1836, died in 1893, a soldier of the late Civil war; his widow, for- merly Miss Angeline Nunermaker, resides at New Franklin; Milton, born August 25, 1838, also a veteran of the Rebellion, died at Dunkirk, Lidiana, in 1901 ; John M., born June 5. 1840, served in the One Hundred and Fifteenth Ohio ^'olnnteers in the Civil war, married Elizabeth Jones and now lives at New Franklin, Ohio; Theodore Shannon, born March 29, 1842, was likewise a soldier, and at this time lives at Butte. Montana, a single man; Calvin, born April 15, 1845, a member of the One Hundred and Fifteenth Ohio Infantry in the Civil war, married Maggie Jones and makes his home at Albion, Michigan. Lafayette Foulks, the oldest of the above children, M-as born in Columbiana county, Ohio, December 24, 1832. He was reared to agricul- tural pursuits, attended at intervals when a boy the old fashioned schools of the times and made farming his life work. In 1851 he married Miss Nancy Whiteleather, who was born in Colum- biana county in the year 1836, the daughter of David and Elizabeth (Firestone) Whiteleather, natives respectively of Chambersburg, Penn- sylvania, and Wooster, Ohio. David White- leather came to this state in an early day and died in New Chambersburg, Ohio, about the 962 OLD LANDMARKS year. 1877. The Firestones moved to Ohio from Wayne county, Pennsylvania. After his marriage Lafayette Foulks moved to a farm in the vicinity of Moultrie, Colum- biana county, and there lived and prospered un- til his death, in 1889. Like his brothers, he too responded to the country's call in the dark days of the Rebellion, enlisting in Company D, One Hundred and Fifteenth Ohio Infantry, of which he was made second lieutenant at Colum- bus and later, for brave and meritorious con- duct, was promoted first lieutenant. He acted in the latter capacity until the close of the war and returned home after spending three and a half years in the service of his country. In poli- tics he was originally a Whig, but afterwards became a Republican, of which party all the male members of the Foulks family have been earnest supporters. He was a zealous com- municant of the jNIethodist church, as was also his wife, and as a man and citizen he command- ed the esteem and confidence of the community in which nearly all of his life was spent. La- fayette and Nancy Foulks reared the following children: Marion C, M. D. ; David W., born December 15, 1859, resides in Indianapolis, Indiana, married Frances Harrison, now de- ceased; William L., born March 30, 1866, died September 29, 1900, married Alpha Shively; Elizabeth, born March 29, 1862, married D. E. Lower, of Columbiana county, Ohio. Marion C. Foulks, M. D., was born INIay 15, 1852, in Columbiana county, Ohio, and spent his early years on liis father's farm, meanwhile, as opportunities afforded,, attending the com- mon schools. He was an apt pupil, as may be inferred from the fact of his having success- fully passed the required examination for a teacher's license when but thirteen years of age, perhaps the youngest person in the state to re- ceive such an instrument. Mr. Foulks taught school for seven successive years, but in 1873 abandoned educational work for the purpose of reading medicine, entering the office of Drs. Firestone and Carey at Salem, Ohio. Subse- quently he became a student of the medical de- partment of Wooster Uni\ersity, from which institution he was graduated in 1876, and im- mediately thereafter began the practice of his profession at North Georgetown, Columbiana county, where he remained during the ensuing ten years. Dr. Foulks built up an extensive practice in and around North Georgetown and in due time became one of the leading physi- cians and surgeons in that section of the state. In 1886 he opened an ofifice in Canton, and since that time has practiced in this city and adjacent country with a large measure of pro- fessional and financial success. His career has been one of uninterrupted prosperity, and today he occupies a commanding position among the medical men of eastern Ohio. He is now the consulting physician of the Aultman Hospital, and as a member of tlie Stark County Academy of Medicine, Canton Medical Society, North- eastern Ohio Medical Society, and the State Medical Association, he has done much to ad- vance the standard of professional efficiency in this part of the country'. Fraternally Dr. Marion C. Foulks is a Roy-at Arch Mason, a member of the Independent Order c»f Odd Fel- lows, the Knights of Pj'thias and an active worker in the Improved Order of Red Men. He is a pronoimced Republican in politics, yet he has never held political office nor aspired to public distinction, although acti\e in promoting the interests of his party and ever ready to maintain the soundness of his opinions. Relig- iously he was reared a Methodist, but in matters of faith entertains liberal views, believing all clunxhes to be potent instrumentalities for good if properly conducted. T!ie Doctor was mar- ried, at New Alexander, Columbiana county, Ohio, in 1873, to Miss Frances A. Lower, whose birth occurred in that town on the 4th day of July, 1856. Mrs. Foulks is the daugh- ter of Michael and Nancy (Smith) Lower, both natives of the countv of Columbiana, their re- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 963 spective ancestors having moved to that part of the state from central Pennsylvania. Dr. and Mrs. Foulks have two children, namely : Anna M., educated in Canton public schools, graduated from the high school and from the Canton Business College; Wallace, S., M. D. Dr. Wallace S. Foulks, to a brief review of whose life and professional career the reader's attention is herewith respectively invited, was born June i, 1875, '''' Salem, Columbiana coun- ty, Ohio. When he was an infant his parents moved to North Georgetown and there he lived until about fourteen years of age, meanwhile beginning his education as a pupil in the village schools. He continued his studies at the above place until the family came to Canton, after which he attended the city schools until his nineteenth year and then entered his father's office to begin his preliminary preparation for the medical profession. In due time under his father's able direction he was ready to enter upon a more thorough course of instruction, and accordingly he became, in 1894, a student of Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, and after attending that celebrated institution the greater part of three years was graduated in 1897 ^^'i'^h the degree of Doctor of Medicine. In October of the latter year Dr. Foulks be- gan practicing at his present quarters in Canton and since that time has made rapid advance- ment, enjoying toda}- worthy prestige among the successful professional men of the city and county. He prepared himself for his life work under some of the ablest medical talent on the continent, and, availing himself of every oppor- tunity for advancement, has gradually forged to the front, gaining an honorable distinction and a liberal share of patronage. He is a young man of fine intellectual and professional attain- ments, a student- and a thinker, and thus far his laudable ambition to excel has been crowned with most encouraging success. In common with the enterprising*and progressive members of t!ie profession everywhere he seeks the asso- ciation of those similarly engaged, and accord- ingly his name is found in the records of the Canton Medical Society, the Stark County Academy of Medicine, and other medical or- ganizations, whose object is the advancement of a higher standard of excellence among those whose lives and energies are being devoted to the alleviation of human sufifering. Realizing that to political parties are entrusted the govern- ment of the state and nation,: he gives his sup- port to the party which in his judgment best meets the requirements of the people and that most nearly subserves their interests, and be- lieving the Republican party best calculated to meet these ends he has been pronounced in his allegiance thereto since old enough to read and investigate intelligently, and he is now one of its younger leaders in the city of Canton. The Doctor is a member of the First Methodist Episcopal church of this city and in his frater- nal relations belongs to the Benevolent and Pro- tective Order of Elks, the Eagles,. Knights of Honor, Home Guards, Royal Templars and W'oodmen of the World. He is a married man and has a pleasant home in Canton, presided o-'.-er by a lady of culture and refinement who became his wife in this city on the 29th day of June, 1899. The maiden name of Mrs. Foulks was Florence M. Rockhill and she is the daugh- ter, of .Samuel H. and Margaret (Smith) Rock- hill. To them has been born a son, Raymond, born March 6, 1903. JOSEPH L. REED, M. D.— In the veins of Dr. Reed is mingled the blood of the sturdy Irish and Scotch races, blood that has con- tributed as much if not more than any other to the strength and firmness of our composite national life. His grandfather, William F. Reed, a native of North Ireland, came to the Ignited States a number of years ago, a single man, and settled in Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, where he met a young lady by 964 OLD LANDMARKS the name of Susan Wyandt, who afterwards became his wife. Her parents migrated to Stark county, Ohio, when there was but a single log cabin on the present site of Canton, and entered a tract of land in what is now the township of Sugar Creek. They were joined a little later by another family of Wyandts, accompanied by William F. Reed, the little company making their way from Pennsylvania to what was then the far west in a wagon drawn by a yoke of oxen. Mr. Reed went to work as a farm hand, assisting his future father-in-law and others in clearing and pre- paring their lands for cultivation. After his marriage with Susan Wyandt he also settled in Sugar Creek townhip, cleared a farm and lived on the same until his death, at the age of fifty-six years. His wife survived him for some time, ' departing this life when about seventy-eight years old. Henry Reed, son of William F. and Susan Reed, was born on the old farmstead in the township of Sugar Creek, October 2, 1846, spent his early days beneath the parental roof and at the early age of seventeen joined an Ohio regiment to fight for the preservation of the Union. He entered the service of the country in 1862, and at the expiration of his period of enlistment veteranized in the Nine- teenth Ohio Regiment of Infantry, and remained in the army until the close of the Rebellion. After the war, he resumed agricultural pur- suits in his nati\e township and in 1867 was united in marriage to Miss Mary Shunk, whose birth occurred in Stark county, Ohio, on the 25th of December, 1848. Michael Shunk, father of Mrs. Reed, was a native of Pennsyl- vania, as was also his wife, who bore the maiden name of Christiana Putman, both coming from the county of Westmoreland. Tlie grandfather of Mrs. Shunk, Gabriel Put- man, is said to have been the first permanent white settler in the southern part of Stark county, taking up there three hundred and sixt acres of land and locating on the same whe the country was an unbroken wilderness. H became a well-to-do man and worthy citizei accumulated a large estate and died in 188 at the advanced age of ninety years. At th time of his death he had two brothers and sister, the youngest being eighty-two years ok Not long after Henry Reed's marriage h purchased a farm of one hundred and sixt acres in Tuscarawas county, Ohio, in what i now known as the "Rocks" and continued t live there and prosper until 1870, when h disposed of his place and formed a partnershi; with D. W. Rush in the manufacture of furni ture at the then town of Milton, now Wilmoi Two years later their shop was destroyed b; fire, but they immediately rebuilt and con tinned the business under the firm name o l^ush & Reed, until September, 1882, when th latter withdrew, but did not dispose of hi entire interest until three years later. In 188 Mr. Reed purchased the old Gilbert farm ii Sugar Creek township and disposing of a par of the land for the purpose of erecting build ings made the place one of the finest and mos ^•aluable of its area in that part of the county He still makes his home on this farm and i deservedly classed among the most successfu agriculturists as well as one of the most inteili gent and enterprising citizens of the community in which he resides. He and his good wif( are now practically retired and enjoying th( well-earned fruits of their many years of toi and honorable endeavor. In politics Henr} Reed is a stanch Republican and as such ha; been elected to several local offices, including that of township trustee, in which he is now serving his second term. He was a member ol the local school board for a period of fourteer years, during wiiich time he did much to pro- mote the educational interests of his township. Fraternally he is an actfve member of Wilmol CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 965 Post No. 384. Grand Army of the Repviblic, and religiously belongs to the Protestant Methodist church, as does also his wife. Dr. Joseph L. Reed, the only child of his parents, was born in Tuscarawas county, Ohio, June 25, 1868, and when he was two years Did his parents removed to the town of Wilmot, Stark county. His early advantages were similar to those enjoyed by the majority of :ountry and village lads, and the public schools afforded him the means of acquiring a good education. He was graduated from the Wil- mot high school in 1885 and immediately thereafter began teaching', in which profession he made a reputation second to that of few 3f his fellow educators in the count)' of Stark. He entered this field of endeavor at the age of seventeen and from that titne forward relied entirely upon his own resources not only for 1 livelihood but for carrying to successful issue the plans for his future course of action. While teaching he spent his vacations at Mt. Union College and in this way succeeded in working his way through that institution, graduating in 1891 with the degree of Bachelor jf Science. During the three years following- the com- pletion of his collegiate course Dr. Reed served as superintendent of the Navarre public schools, meantime, on the 8th day of January, 1892, being united in marriage to Miss Mildred Shorlx, daugiiter of James and Adelaide Shorb, of Canton. Although well cjualified by nature and intellectual training for school work. Dr. Reed did not see fit to spend his life in the edu- cational field, but had he done so there is no doubt that he would have achieved marked success both as a teacher and manager of schools. In 1894 he turned his attention to agricultural pursuits, not as an end, but as a means to an end, as he had long contemplated preparing himself for another calling- more in harmony with his tastes and much more re- munerative from a financial point of view, — the medical profession. Yielding to this de- sire, he entered in the fall of 1894 the Ohio Medical University, at Columbus, and there prosecuted his studies with great assiduity un- til 1897, on April 17th of which year he was graduated with the degree of Doctor of Medi- cine. Unlike many young physicians who choose for their first location some small vil- lage or remote country town, Dr. Reed at once selected a larger field, opening an office in May, 1897, at No. 430 South Market street, Canton. His reputation as a capable physician and surgeon soon became known and almost from the beginning his practice has been large and lucrative. He now ranks with the able medical men of the city, stands high in the estimation of the pul)lic and spares no pains to keep in touch with the trend of modern thought in all matters relating to his chosen calling. For two years he served as physician for the county infirmary and discharged the duties of the position in a manner highly credit- able to himself and satisfactory to all con- cerned. He is identified with the Stark County Medical Society and the Canton Medical So- ciety, and is regarded by older physicians as one of the promising medical men of the future. Dr. Reed belongs to several benevolent and fraternal societies, among which are Clinton Lodge No. 47, Free and Accepted IMasons, at Massillon ; Garfield Lodge, Junior Order of United American Mechanics, and Lodge No. 26, Protected Home Circle, the last two in Canton. He is keenly alive to the great public rjuestions of the day, national and international, and as a stanch stipporter of the Republican party takes an active interest in political mat- ters, but not as an aspirant for ofiicial honors. WILIJAM G. MYERS was a native son of the Buckeye state, having been born June 7, 1 820. in Chippewa township. Wayne county, the son of Peter and Sarah (]\Iiller) Myers. 966 OLD LANDMARKS His father was born in Rensselaer county, New York, while his mother was a native of Cumberland county, Pennsylvania. They both removed to Ohio, were married and located on the farm where the subject was born. Will- iam G. Myers is indebted to the common schools of Summit and Stark counties, Ohio, for his mental discipline and made good use of such opportunities as were afforded him, ac- quiring a good practical education. At the early age of sixteen years he was bound out to a cabinet maker and carpenter and learned those trades. Upon attaining his majority he commenced business on his own account, erect- ing houses and barns and doing such other jobs as came to him. He was a good work- man and generally found plenty of work await- ing him. His proficiency in the branches of learning then taught in the common schools had secured for him a license to teach and while still occupied at the trade of carpenter he put in his winters in the school room. His time was thus occupied until about the time of his marriage, in 1823, when he gave up the car- penter trade and commenced farming, continu- ing as before to teach school during the winter months. While engaged in his pedagogical labors he had been associated with several literary societies and took quite an active part in the debates and discussions of these societies, religious, scientific and political topics, engag- ing their attention. He acquired considerable skill as a debater and gained a reputation as a man who possessed definite and well founded ideas on questions affecting public interests and who was able to defend his convictions when opportunity offered. He was among the earliest anti-slavery, temperance and female suffrage advocates in his section of the coun- try, and to his discussion at that time of the great questions which then confronted the na- tion he ascribed his taste for the study of law, to which he subsequently applied himself. He commenced, in 184S, the reading of the under- lying principles of law, and after due exami- nation was admitted to practice at the bar, which profession he successfully followed for fifty years. He continued his farming interests until 1 87 1, when he removed to Canal Fulton, .Stark county, and continued the practice of his profession until in February, 1902, when he received the appointment as postmaster of Canal Fulton, and is now performing the duties of that office. By the exercise of sound judg- men, good business methods and a uniform courtesy to all the patrons of the office, he won the firm confidence and strengthened him- self in the good will of all, regardless of po- litical lines. Mr. Myers had a creditable military record, having enlisted, in September, 1862, in Com- pany G. One Hundred Twentieth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, of which company he was commissioned captain. The regiment was first encamped at Mansfield and from there was sent to Vicksburg. They took part in the most arduous campaigns and marches of the Civil war and participated in several sanguin- ary conflicts, in all of which the subject nobly bore his part of the hardships and privations incident to the life of a soldier. Politically he was a Republican from the organization of the party in 1856 and took an active part in all the campaigns of the party for thirty years, having stumpetl the counties of Wayne, Stark. Medina, Summit and Holmes, and do- ing much other effective work in a political way. He was a forceful yet pleasing speaker and his words always carried conviction to the minds of his hearers. He kept alive his old army associations through his membership in the Grand Army of the Republic, and was at one time commander of his post. Religiously he was identified with the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he was an active and con- sistent member for sixty years. William G. Myers was united in marriage in Lawrence township, Stark county, Ohio, to- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 967 Miss Sarah J. Hardgrove, the daughter of a well known and prominent farmer of that township. The union was a most feHcitous one and was blessed with six children, four sons and two daughters, namely: John W., William N., George AV., Richard F., Mary M. and Rosa. They also have eighteen grand- children. Mr. Myers, by a life of right li\'ing and strenuous endeavor, earned a warm place in the hearts of all who knew him. He was a devout lover of the pure, true and good, and was ever ready to encourage that which is worthy and to support that which is best. All found in him a friend and helper, and many were the expressions of sorrow and sincere re- gret when he died, the sad event occurring on the 14th of January, 1903. LEWIS D. BLANCHARD, D. V^ S.— Daniel August Blanchard, father of the Doctor, was born in Switzerland, where he was reared and educated, the date of his nativity having been 1825. As a young man he severed the home ties and set forth to seek his fortunes in America, arriving in due course of time in the city of New York, whence he made his way directly to Ohio, locating at Mount Eaton, WaTOe county, where he entered a claim to a tract of wild land, which he reclaimed from the forest and which he eventually developed into one of the many fine rural estates of that section of the commonwealth. He was pro- gressive, energetic and ambitious, had faith in the final outcome of his efforts, and in view of his present position none can doubt the wis- dom of his course nor the consistency of his early confidence in what the future had in store in connection with the agricultural resources of the Buckeye state. Tn Wayne county, he was united in marriage to Miss Julia Dodez, a daughter of Louis Dodez, an early and honored settler of that section. The parents of the subject still reside on the old homestead, which is doubly endeared to them by the mem- ories and associations of the past, and both are zealous and devoted members of the French Reformed church, with which they have been prominently identified for many years. In poli- tics Daniel A. Blanchard formerly gave his suport to the Democratic party, but since the organization of the Prohibition party, with whose principles his ideas are in thorough harmony, he has exercised his franchise in favor of the same. To him and his devoted and cherished wife were born four children, namely: Ellen, who is the wife of R. V. B. Pinkerton, of Canton; Lewis D., who figures as the subject of this review; Alii E., who is associated with the subject in business; and Flora, who died, at the parental home, in 1883, at the age of nineteen years. Lewis D. Blanchard was born on the old homestead farm, in Wayne county, Ohio, on the 7th of September, 1858, and he was reared to manhood under the invigorating discipline of the great basic art of agriculture, — an in- fluence which makes for both mental and physi- cal vigor, as the history of the American Re- public has demonstrated in a most significant way. He attended the district school in the vicinity of his home until he had attained the age of eighteen years, and thereafter was for two terms a student in the high school at Wooster, after which he resumed his labors on the home farm. At the age of twenty-one he went to Toronto, Canada, where he was matriculated in the Ontario Veterinary Col- lege, where he completed the prescribed course — a most thorough and exacting one — and where he was graduated as a member of the class of 1882, receiving his degree as Doctor of Veterinary Surgery. Immediately after his graduation Dr. Blanchard returned to Ohio, and in May of the .same year located in Can- ton, at his present headquarters, whei'ej' he established himself in the active practice of his profession. He soon secured a repre- 963 OLD LANDMARKS sentative patronage, his skill and thorough scientific knowledge insuring his definite pre- cedence from the start, and he is recognized as one of the most able veterinarians in the state. He is a great lover of that noble animal, the horse, and tlius takes marked satisfaction in this feature of his work. He was for a time located, for \arying intervals, at other points in the cit)-, l)ut returned to his original ipiarters in 1887, and here he has since remained. In that year he entered into a partnership with his brother and George W. Heldenbrand, in the livery, undertaking and transfer, business, un- der the firm name of Miller, Blanchard & Com- pany, and this association has since continued, while the business has grown to be one of the most important of the sort in the city, the firm having modern and complete facilities and equipments and being able to handle all work in the various departments to the satisfaction of their patrons. The business has so increased in scope and importance as to place a demand upon the subject for the major portion of his time and attention, and he has to a large de- gree abandoned the practice of his profession, thoug'h his interposition in this line is frequent- ly in requisition in consultation and in critical cases. In politics Dr. Blanchard gives an uncom- promising allegiance to the Democratic party. in whose cause he has been an active and ef- ficient worker, having served as delegate to the various conventions of the party in the county and congressional district, and having frequently been also a delegate-at-large to state conventions. He has never sought official preferment, but his interest in the work of education, and his marked eligibility, led to his being' twice elected a member of the board of education of Canton, in which capacity he served for two full terms, proving a valuable member of the body, while he received a large majority on the occasion of each election. Fraternallv he is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Knights of Pythias, in the former of which he is past exalted ruler of Canton Lodge No. 68, of Can- ton, Axhicli he represented as a delegate to the meeting of the national grand lodge of the order in Cincinnati (1896) and Miimeapolis (1897). His religious faith is that of the French Reformed church, and he holds mem- bership in the church at Mount Eaton, near his birthplace. In the city of Canton, on the 26th of March, 1891, Dr. Blanchard was united in marriage to Miss Laura B. Milhoff, daughter of Frank Milhoff, of this city, where she was born and reared. Dr. and Mrs. Blanchard have two children, Florence, ^vho w-as born on the 4th of J\Iay, 1893, ^"^^ Donald L., born in April, 1903. Their home is a center O'f generous and refined hospitality and they are prominent in the social life of their home citv. JOHN F. FARBER was born in Pike township. Stark county, on the 22A of Novem- ber, 1834, and there his youthful days were passed on the parental homestead, while it is needless to say that he early became familiar with the manifold details which entered into the reclamation and cultivation of a pioneer farm, this formative period in his life being one which has had its infiuence upon his entire sub- sequent career, since he then learned the value of consecutive endeavor and to appreciate the sturdy self-reliance and inrlependence which are ever begotten under such circumstances and environments. His initial scholastic discipline was received in the little district school, and he continued his efforts in this line until he had ac- c|nired a good common-school education. But ere proceeding farther with a consideration of his ]Dersonal career, we may well revert to the ancestral history. Llis father, the late James I^nrl^er, was likewise a native son of Ohio, and his was the distinction of having been the first JOHN F. FARBER. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 969 white child born in Sandy township, Tuscara- was county, where lie was ushered into the world on the ist of March, 1808, being a son of John Farber, who emigrated to Ohio in 1806. He located in Tuscarawas county, where he took up a tract of land in tlie midst of the dense forest, there instituting the work of reclamation and thus contributing his quota as one of the founders and builders of a great common- wealth. He there passed the remainder of his life, and thence, as a young man, his son James, father of the subject, came to Stark county, becoming one of the first settlers in I'ike town- ship, wher,e he had the opportunity of repeating the pioneer experiences of his earlier years, though with the added responsibilities implied in becoming the head of a family and dependent upon his o\sn resources. He married Miss Caroline A. Weaver, who was born in the old Empire state of New York, on the 1 7th of July, 181 5. They continued to make their home in Pike township until their deaths, and in their later years were permitted to enjoy tlie com- forts and the rest which are the fitting crown of years of earnest and indefatigable endeavor. On the 2 1 St of February, 1890, death set its seal upon the mortal lips of this noble woman, and her loved companion did not long survive her loss, his death occurring on the Jd of the following June, at the age of nearly eighty- three years, while she was in her seventy-sixth year at the time of her death. This worthy couple became the parents of seven children, namely : John F., the immediate subject of this sketch; Isabella, who became the wife of John Kiefer and who died in Carroll county, this state; Emma, who died at the age of about two years ; 01i\ er, who is a farmer in Osnaburg township; Philip, who is individually men- tioned elsewhere in this work; Abigail, who is the wife of Franklin Neuhouse, of Pike town- ship ; and Betsey, living in Sandy township. In politics the father of these children was a Demo- crat, and both he and his wife were members of the L'nited Brethren church. John F. Farber, the immediate subject of this .sketch, continued to assist in the work of the homestead farm until he had attained the age of twenty-seven years, when he removed from his native township to Rose township, Carroll county, where he made his home froni 1863 until 1890, having been one of the suc- cessful farmers of that county. He then re- turned to Pike township and purchased his pr-esent fine homestead, which includes one hun- dred and sixty-eight acres, with the best of per- manent improvements and maintained under efl'ective cultivation. In addition to carrying on diversified farming Mr. Earlier also devotes no little attention to the raising of live stock of high grade. He is progressive and methodical, and thus has ever been able to secure the best returns from his labors, while his sterling in- tegrity of character and his genial personality have gained to him the esteem and good will of all with whom he has come in contact in the va- rious relations of life. In politics he accords allegiance to the Democratic party, and he has never been unmindful of the duties of citizen- ship, but has shown a proper interest in local afi'airs of a public nature, though he has never been imbtied with a desire for official prefer- ment. His interest in the cause of education, however, led to his election to the office of school director, of which he has been incum- bent for several years. He is a consistent member of the United Brethren church at Mag- nolia, of which his wife likewise was a member, exemplifying her deep Christian faith in the daily walks of a life that was one of intrinsic purity and beauty. In Pike township, on the 15th of April, i860, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Far- ber to Miss Harriet Flora, who was born 'in this township, on the 31st of January, 1839, being a daughter of the late George and Han- 970 OLD LANDMARKS nah (Bowman) Flora, honored pioneers of this county, where the death of both occurred. Mr. and Mrs. Far,ber became the parents of three children, namely: Emma E., who is the wife of Franklin Seaman, of Carroll county; Frank- lin F., \Aho married Laura Wadsworth and who is now engaged in stock dealing in Carroll county; and Philip F., who married Mary E. Crooks and who is now devoting his attention to farming in Sandy township, Tuscarawas county. The great loss and sorrow in the life of the honored subject was that entailed by the death of his cherished wife, who passed away, at the present homestead, on the 6th of Febru- ary, 1897. Hers was a noble and gracious womanhood, and her kindness and unvarying sympathy for those in any way afflicted, in mind, body or estate, gained to her the love of all who came within the sphere of her personal influence, while to those who were of the imme- diate family and who represented hen dominat- ing interest, remains the greatest appreciation of her beautiful character, while in this mem- ory is found the measure of consolation which robs death of its sting. In the cemetery near his farm Mr. Farber has erected a beautiful mausoleum; and here the remains of the loved wife and mother are laid to rest, safeguarded until the glorious resurrection is again typified. CHARLES TFIEODORE CARLSON is a native of Sweden, having been born in the town of Carlsborg, on the 3d of March, 1863, and being a son of Carl Abraham Stong, who is a tailor by vocation and who still re- sides in Sweden, the name of our subject teing Carlson, in accordance with the custom of his native land, which gives to the sons the sur- name from the father's Christian name. The mother of the subject is also still living, her maiden name having been Anna Caisa Peter- son. This worthy couple became the parents of five children, of whom three are living, while of the number two arc residents of the L'nited States. Charles T. Carlson was educated in the schools of his na^tive land, where he remained until lie had attained the age of seventeen years, when he severed the home ties and emigrated to America, landing in Xew York city, a stranger in a strange land and with no knowl- edge of the language of the country, while his financial resources were very limited. The problem was one which would have daunted a less valiant soul, but Mr. Carlson had the self- reliant spirit Avhich begets success, while he stood ready to turn his hand to any honest work which oftered. Owing to his youthful appearance he could find no work in the na- tional metropolis, and he then went up the Hudson river and secured employment on a farm, remaining one month, at the expiration of which he returned to the city for the pur- pose of seeking other work. There he met John D. Locke, a manufacturer of tinware, and this gentleman gave him employment about his residence, and about five months later his employer suggested he enter his establish- ment and learn the tinner's trade. Mr. Carl- son gladly accepted the proposition so kindly made, and in Mr. Locke's factory, at White- stone, Long Island, he served an apprentice- ship of four year? at the trade, and then served an additional period of fourteen months at the plumber's trade, while during this time he at- tended night school at College Point, Long Island, being anxious to properly learn the English language -and to otherwise supplement his educational training, in order that he might be the better prepared to face the battle of life in the land of his adoption. In the institution mentioned he secured a diploma in mechanical drawing, becoming specially skilled in this line. After leaving the Locke establishment Mr. Carlson was placed in charge of the metal de- partment of the shops of the Long Island Rail- road Company, where he remained two years, after which he went to Memphis, Tennessee, CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 97 i where lie secured the position of foreman in the shops of the H. Wetter Manufacturing Com- pany, in which connection he so thoroughly proved his abilit}- and fidelity that at the ex- piration of two }'ears he was made superintend- ent of the factory, which incumbency he re- tained sixteen years, at the expiration of which, in July, 1 90 1, he came to Canton and accepted his present position, in which his discriminat- ing and efficient efforts have met with apprecia- tion and have done much to conserve the best interests of the concern with which he is identi- lied. In politics Mr. Carlson exercises his fran- chise in support of the principles of the Repub- lican party, and his religious faith is indicated in his holding membership in the First Presby- terian church, of which his wife also is a mem- ber. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Royal Arcanum, the Knights of Pythias, the Inde- pendent Order of Odd Fellows and the Im- proved Order of Red Men. On the i6th of January, 1902, Mr. Carl- son was united in marriage to Miss Mary Alt- house, a daughter of George W. and Susan (Baum) Althouse, of Canton. JOSEPH A. MEYER was born in Tuscar- awas county, Ohio, being a son of Col. Frank Meyer, who was an official in the service of the government and whose wife at the time of her marriage to Colonel Meyer was a widow. After the death of her second husband she came to Canton and here "estab- lished her home and passed the remainder of her life. In the public schools the subject of this memoir received his early educational dis- cipline, and in preparing for the active respon- sibilities of life he served an apprenticeship at the jeweler's trade under the direction of a man named Fry, the pioneer jeweler of Canton. When Mr. Fry finally removed from Canton Mr. Mever succeeded to his business, his original location having been on the site of the present Folwell block. There he continued to conduct a very profitable business for a long term of years, becoming one of the prominent merchants and influential citizens of Canton, and eventually he provided more commodious and attractive quarters for his establishment, by erecting an attractive and substantial brick building, with front of Berea stone, just to the north of his former location. Here he contin- ued to carry forward the enterprise, Avhich was the most important of the sort in the city, until he finally retired from active business, having by good management and scrupulous integrity and fair dealing attained a competence. He was the owner of one hundred and thirteen acres of the original Meyer's estate, at Meyer's lake, this county, and this greatly appreciated in value under his control. His death occurred on the 7th of June, 1887. He was a man of generous and kindly nature, had marked sagac- ity in business and was essentially public- spirited, taking a deep interest in all that con- served the welfare and progress of the city which was his home for so many years and in which he held the implicit confidence of all who knew him. In politics he gave his allegiance to the Republican party, and his religious faith was that of the Episcopalian church. Mr. Meyer was united in marriage to Miss Caroline Bleck, who was born in Pennsylvania and who died about 1885. Of this union were born the following named children : Frank C, who died in Canton, at the age of about forty years; Joseph A., who died at Bagdad, Turkey, was a graduate of the Boston School of Technology, and was engaged in the w^ork of his profession at the time of his death; Winifred, who was a teacher in a school for the deaf; John M. is a dentist, residing in Tacoma, Washington ; and Carrie is the wife of Otto Ryan, of New York. On the ist of September, 1886, Mr. Meyer consummated a second marriage, being then united to Mrs. •972 OLD LANDMARKS Frances C. Cross, widow of Samuel F. Cross, and of this second marriage no children were born. Mrs. Meyer survives her honored hus- band and, as has been already stated, resides in Canton. She was born in the city of Cin- cinnati, Ohio, on the i.st of June, 1S38, and her parents died while slie was an infant. She -was taken into the home of the Rev. Thomas Childress and was accorded the devoted care that would have been given by her own parents. Rev. Childress' wife, Phoebe, nee Perry, was a lineal descendant of Commodore Perry and was a noble Christian woman. Mrs. Meyer was thus favored in being reared in a home of marked culture and refinement, and at the time she was taken by these worthy folk they were residing in Butler county, Ohio, Rev. Child- ress being a clergyman of the Baptist church. After a few years they removed to Preble county, and Mr. Childress assumed pastoral charge of the church at Winchester, where Mrs. L'leyer received her early educational training in the public schools, being graduated in the high .-school. Her foster parents were very kind and devoted and afiforded her every advant- age in their power to provide, and she holds their memories in the deepest affection and veneration. Mr. Chddress gave a full half cen- tury to the work of the Christian ministry, and in the early days he traveled from place to ijJace on horseback, looking after the spirit- ual welfare of the pioneei* settlers in the isolated sections of the state. He enjoyed great pop- ularity in southwestern Ohio and was an ever welcome guest in all the best homes of that sec- tion. He died at Winchester, Preble county, jiliout the beginning of the Civil war. passing away in the fullness of years and well earned honors. His wife passed most of the remainder of her life in the home of her foster child, Mrs. j)\feyer, her death occurring in Canton in 1872. Mrs. Meyer has been thrice married. In 1854, at Winchester, Ohio, she l^ecame the wife ■of Henry Clawson, who was born in that towai, being the son of Randolph and Xancy (Wea- ver) Clawson, the latter of whom was a daugh- ter of Judge \\'ea\cr. one of the honored pio- neers of the southwestern part of the state. He was a }^ung man of sterling character. He d.ied at the age of twenty-three years, leav- ing his young widow with one child. Leonard E., who was born in Winchester, on the 8th of December, 1855 and who is now a successful business man of San Francisco, California, where his mother has visited him on four dif- ferent occasions, so that she has made eight trans-continental trips. In Winchester, on the J 6th of July, 1858, Mrs. Meyer was a second time married, becoming the wife of Samuel F. Cross, who was Ijorn near Oneida, Carroll county, Ohio, and who was engaged in the hardware business at Winchester at the time of his marriage, and there he remained until the spring of 1861, when with his wife and little ilaughter he came to Canton, where he maintained his home until his death, on the 23d of February, 1874, having been for many years a traveling" salesman. In politics Mr. Cross was a stanch Republican and his religious faith was that of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which ]\lrs. Meyer has long been a devoted member. By her second marriage she became the mother of two children, Mary Lnella, who was burn in Winchester, Preble county, on the i6th of April, 1859, and who is now the wife of James B. Robinson, of San Francisco, California ; and Joseph Cameron Cross, who was born in Canton, September 19, 1862, is now a resident of C'olumlius, Ohio. He married "Miss Bertha Dunning and they have two sons, Frederick H. and Joseph Cameron. i\lrs. Meyer's home is locatetl at 403 East Eighth street. She is a devoted and active member of the First Methodist Episcopal church and is prominent in the work of the Ladies' Aid Society and the Foreign Mission- ary Society of the church, as well as the Woman's Christian Temperance L'nion, -^xliile CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 97 3- her life is brightened by the kindly attentions and affections of an exceptionally wide circle of friends. JOSEPH SCHILLIG was born in Ximi- shillen township, Stark county, Ohio, on the i8th of April, 1841, being a son of Joseph and Sophia (Cupper) Schilling, of whose ten chil- dren eight are living at the time of this writing, namely: Joseph, the immediate subject of this sketch; Catherine, who is the wife of John Berg, of Maximo, this township; Mary A., who is the widow of Alexander Findlay and resides in the city of Canton ; Magdalene, who is the wife of Anthony Gerardot, of Maximo ; Josephine, who is the wife of Louis Gerardot, of Marlboro township; John, who is likewise a resident of that township, as is also Adam ; and Enialine, who is the wife of Joseph Ger- ardot, of Washington township. The father was born in the province of Alsace, France (now Germany), in the year 1812, being a son of George Schillig, who came to the United States with his family in 1824, making his way from the eastern seaboard to Ohio and taking up his abode in Columbiana county. There the father of the subject secured em- ployment in the tavern at New Garden, that county, doing the chopping of wood for five stoves by means of which the hostelry was heated and made comfortable for its guests and other inmates. He also looked after the horses and was a general utility boy, finding httle time for diversion. Later he went to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, where he was em- ployed for a period of about twelve years, within which time he w^as married. One year after this eventful episode in his career he returned to Ohio, and came to Stark county, where he purchased a farm of one hundred and six acres, in Nimishillen township, the same having been partially improved, though much of the native timber was yet remaining. He thereafter devoted his attention to the clear- ing and otlierwise improving of his farm, bringing the same under effective cultivation, and here he continued to reside until his death, which occurred in the year 1863. His wife survived him a number of years, her (Ie:ith occurring in 1886. Th.e subject of this sketch was torn on the old homestead above mentioned, and as a boy he began to contribute his quota to its work, while he received such advantages in a scholastic way as were afforded in the public schools of the locality. He was about twenty- two years of age at the time of his father's death, after which he took charge of the farm and operated the same for his mother. In 1868 he was united in marriage to Miss Louise Menegay, who was likewise born in Nimi- shillen township, being a daughter of John B. Menegay, who was born in France, whence he emigrated to America when a young man,, becoming one of the first settlers in this di- vision of Stark county, where he passed the- remainder of his life. The year after his marriage Mr. Schillig purchased and removed to his present home farm, which comprises eighty acres, and within the intervening years he has improved the place and made it one of the valuable farms of the county. In 1897 Mr. Schillig erected on his farm a large and attractive house of modern architectural de- sign and equipment, and in the same years was also completed his large and well arranged bank barn, while all other buildings about the place are in harmony. After the death of his mother, in 1886, Mr. Schillig purchased the old homestead which his father had secured so many years ago, the same still comprising the original one hundred and six acres and being a valuable property. The subject still owns the homestead and personally superin- tends its cultivation. To Mr. and Mrs. Schillig have been born four children, one of whom died in infancy, while those surviving 974 OLD LANDMARKS are John M., who is a successful teacher in the city of Cleveland ; Mary J., who is the wife of Robert Martlet, of Canton, this county; and Charles E., who remains at home, being a popular teacher in the schools of this lo- cality. Mr. Schillig is known as a man of marked public spirit, taking a deep interest in all that touches the progress and material prosperity of the community, while in politics he is a stanch advocate of the principles of the Democratic party. He served three years as assessor of Nimishillen township and for the past nine years has been incumbent of the office of justice of the peace, in which he has given admirable service. The cause of education has been one in which he also manifested deep concern, doing much to advance the same in a local way, while for twelve years he did efficient service as director of the school board of his district. He is a communicant of the Catholic church, as is also his wife, they holding membership in St. Louis' church, at Louisville. ALFRED L. RIZER, M. D.— Back to the cradle of our national history must the gene- alogist go in tracing the history of the Rizer family on this side of the Atlantic, since its paternal ancestors settled as early as 1776 in Maryland, and in that state his grandfather, Martin Rizer, was born about the year 1798. The first of the Rizers to come to this country were three brothers, natives of Germany, one of them being the father of the above Martin. This ancestor was born and reared in Allegany county, Maryland, and spent his life there, dying about 1882. His wife was a Miss Close, whose antecedents were also pioneers of the above state, in certain localities of which the name is still familiar. Three sons of Martin Rizer, Solomon, Simon and Levi, were soldiers in the Union army during the great rebellion and did effective service in some of the most noted campaigns and bloodiest battles of the war. Like many of the German Americans, tlie Rizers were Lutherans and as such were noted for piety, allegiance to the church, and for true moral worth as citizens. Jesse Rizer, the Doctor's father, was born in Allegany county, Maryland, in February, 1820, and grew to maturity there, learning while young the trade of blacksmithing. His brothers also appear to have been natural me- chanics, as they all adopted the same trade as the subject and became skilled workmen. After working in iron for a number of years, Jesse Rizer took up coopering and in due time acquired as much efficiency in that vocation as he had developed as a blacksmith. He mar- ried, in his native state. Miss Sophia IMiller, a lady much his senior, as her birth occurred about the year 18 10. She was a native of Germany and accompanied her parents to the United States, the family settling in the county of Allegany. Some time after his marriage Mr. Rizer loaded his household effects on an old-fashioned, two-horse emigrant wagon and moved to Ohio, locating at Mt. Vernon, Knox county, where some of his wife's relatives were then living. After spending a few years in that locality he changed his abode to the town of Danville, in the same county, where he made barrels and other articles of cooperage, until advancing age compelled him to discontinue manual labor. Mrs. Rizer departed this life at Danville, about the year 1888 and later Mr. Rizer took a second wife, who still survives. Dr. Alfred L. Rizer is the only child by his father's first marriage. He was born in Allegany county, Maryland, December 14, 1844, and when about four years old was brought to Ohio by his parents, of which state he has since been an honored resident. After completing the common school course he entered the normal school at Danville, where he prepared himself for college, but owing to circumstances over which he had no control. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 97 S was not permitted to carry into effect his plans to acquire a finished education. It is proper to state that one of the reasons that materially interfered with this purpose was the lack of means, in consequence of which he was com- pelled to discontinue his studies and make his own livelihood besides contributing his earn- ings to the support of his parents. While a student he made rapid strides in mastering the branches constituting the curriculum of the normal school and at the early age of sixteen he was sufficiently advanced to pass the re- quired examination and receive a teacher's license. He taught his iirst term in the little vilage of Brownsville, Knox county, under rather peculiar circumstances, as two-thirds of the pupils were much older and larger than himself, quite a number of them being full grown men and women. He succeeded most admirably both as an instructor and a disci- plinarian and iinished the school with little or no difficulty, winning the high esteem of pupils and patrons and earning a reputation such as few older teachers achieve. He continued in the educational field for a number of years, dividing his time between working at various Tiinds of manual labor in the summer and teach- ing during the winter seasons. Not desiring to devote his life to a calling so poorly re- membered as school work, Mr. Rizer decided to adopt medicine for his profession, accord- ingly, in 1868 he began a preliminary course of study at Gambler, Knox county, with Dr. Sapp, a well known physician of that place, under whose direction he continued for about four years. He applied himself very assidu- ously to investigation and research, accom- panied his preceptor on his professional rounds and by close observation and practical experience made rapid advancement in the theory and practice of medicine. The better to prepare himself for efficiency in his chosen -calling he entered, in March, 1870, the Detroit Medical College, Detroit, Michigan, from which he was graduated two years later and immediately thereafter began the practice of his profession at Aurora, Portage county, Ohio. At the beginning of his career Dr. Rizer experienced the difficulties that usually beset the pathway of young physicians, but it was not long until he overcame these and grew in public favor. That he succeeded in Aurora is abundantly verified by the twenty-three years of practice there, during which he more than realized professionally and financially the bright hopes of his youthful days. In Decem- ber, 1894, the Doctor transferred his extensive business to other hands and changed his lo- cation to the city of Canton, from which time to the present his record has been a series of continual successes in a field where many of the state's eminent physicians have practiced. Dr. Rizer's ambition to excel in his chosen calling has gro\vn with his progress and as a physician and surgeon he now has few superiors in northwestern Ohio. He makes diagnoses readily, has had long and valuable experience in the treatment of nearly every disease to which humanity is heir and possesses a thorough knowledge of materia medica and pathology, with the ability to reduce the same to practice. Dr. Rizer has employed every means at hand to keep pace with modern theories and methods, but in the end he relies chiefly upon his own judgment and skill, backed as they are by long years of practical experience. By coming in contact with men of high profesional attainments in the medical society with which he is identified and by mutual interchange of opinions, he has greatly enlarged the area of his general knowledge and heightened the technical scholarship which has been such a potent factor in his field of en- deavor. He belongs to the Northeastern Ohio Homeopathic Medical Society and since be- coming connected therewith he has been an active participant in its deliberations. Dr. Rizer is a Republican in politics but 976 OLD LANDMARKS has never stepped aside from his profession to take a ver)' acti\e interest in party affairs, ahhough a mrm with the courage of his con- victions and well informed upon the leading questions before the American iieople. In matters religious he also has decided views, being an earnest believer in the fundamental truths of Christianity and a zealous member of the Lutheran church of Canton. While pro- nounced in his allegiance to his creed, he is not narrow in matters of faith but looks upon all churches and religious organizations as in- fluential factors in promoting the well being of society and winning mankind to a high and noble destiny. The Doctor was liappily married, in April, 1895, to Miss Carrie Parsons, a most estimable and cultured ladv of Aurora, the union being without issue. CHARLES W. REAM was born on the old liomestead farm, in Plain township, this coun- ty, on the 3d of October, 1867, and his rudi- mentary education was secured in the district schools, this training being later supplemented by a course of study in the Canton Business College, at Canton, in which he was graduated as a member of the class of 1884. As a boy he contributed his quota to the work of the home farm, and w hen eighteen years of age he came to Canton and took a clerkship in the grocery of McCloud & ^'oung, where he gained his ini- tial cx]>erience in the line of enterprise in which he is now successfully engaged on his own re- sponsibilit)-. He continued to be employed as a clerk for a number of years, and on the 5th of July, 1892, he associated himself with W^illiam H. Leonhart, under the firm name of Ream & Leonhart, and opened the present grocery of the subject, (jn the east side of the public square, Mr. Ream ha\-ing purchased his partner's in- terest in the business on the i8th of September, 1893, since ^\hich time he has continued the same independently, having been energetic and progressive in his methods and courteous and liberal in his 'dealings with his patrons, so that he has built up a prosperous and representati\e trade, having a well equipped and thoroughly modern store and catering to a discriminating ])atronage. Henry Ream, father of the subject, was tern on the homestead farm in Canton town- ship, on the 28th of September, 1823, being a son of Philip and Mary (Aultman) Ream, who were native? of Pennsylvania. His grandpar- ents were natives of Germany, whence they emi- grated to America, having bound themselves out to pay their passage. After they had ar- rived in the new world, and after this obligation was discharged they were married and settled in Pennsylvania, where they afterward resided until their deaths. Philip and Mary (Aultman) Ream were married in their native state, and in 1806 emigrated to Columbiana county, Ohio, and one year later to Stark county, where they entered land in Canton township, and de- veloped a valuable farm, and there passed the greater part of their lives, though about two years previous to their deaths they went to live with one of thein daughters in Nimishillcn township, where their deaths oc- curred, the mother in January, 1851, and the father in October of the same year, he being in his eighty- fottrth year and she in her seventy- second. They became the parents of fourteen children, of whom the father of the subject is the youngest and the only survivor. Henry Ream is one of the representative and highly honored farmers of Plain township, where he has maintained his home for more than half a century, having taken up his resi- dence on his present farm in 1852. He was for a time engaged in the butchering business in connection with his farming industr}', while for many years he has maintained throughout CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 977 this section of Ohio a very high rqiutation as an auctioneer, in which line he has disposed of more goods at public vendue than has any other person in the county, having followed this busi- ness fifty years. The first sale he ever took charge of was in 1849, 'ind the last one in 1899, and during this period auctioneered over fifteen hundred sales. He has also been in control of an excellent business in the operation of a threshing outfit, and it may consistently be said that few men in the county are better known or held in more unqualified esteem. On the 1st of January, 1846, Henry Ream was united in marriage to Miss Anna Oberlin, who was born in Plain township, this county, October 7, 1827, being a daughter of Adam and Elizabeth (Albright) Oberlin, who were pioneer settlers in that township, the farm on which they located being contiguous to the city of Canton, a portion of which is located on the same. Soon after Henry Ream's marriage he settled on his father's old home farm where he resided three years, then moved on his father- in-law's farm and lived there three years, then purchased and settled on his present farm, where he has since resided. Both Mr. and Mrs. Ream are earnest and consistent members of the Reformed church, and in politics Mr. Ream was a Whig until the organization of the Re- publican party, since which time he has ever been arrayed in support of its principles. Of the ten children of this marriage five are living at the present time, namely : Josiah W., who is a resident of Muncie, Indiana ; Ellen A., who is the wife of Edward E. Carnes, of Canton; Edwin L., who is likewise a resident of this city; Emma C, who is the wife of Frank J. Bordner, of Perry township and Charles W., the immediate subject of this sketch. Charles W. Ream was united in marriage at Canton, December 27, 1891, the lady of his choice be- ing Miss Emma Hosier, a native of this county, born May 19, 1865, and a daughter of Samuel and Nettie Hosier, who are now residents of 61 North Industry, Ohio. Mr. ' and Mrs. Ream have two children, Annetta Marie and Henry H. ■ JOHN T. SCHROYER.-The ancestral members of the Schroyer family were natives of Germany, the later generations having re- sided at Baden Baden. The great-grandfather of the subject, George Schroyer, came with his wife to the United States in 1 764, settling some- where in the eastern states. His son, the sub- ject's grandfather, came to Ohio early in the pioneer period and located in Stark county. He died while comparatively young, and his widow afterward married Jacob Minnick, to which union were born six children, three sons and three daughters. To her first union but one child was born, George W., the father of the subject, his birth taking place in Canton in 1833. His father died while George was a babe of but two years, and at the age of eight years he left the maternal roof and went to live with the family of Jacob Myers. As soon as old enough he was set to \vork at farm labor, thus early becoming inured to hard and consecutive toil. He was subsequently apprenticed to learn the trade of a carpenter with George Schlabach, which trade he followed, working for various concerns until 1891, when he entered the em-r ploy of his son, the subject. George W. Schroyer was married in Can- ton to Miss Sarah Fogle, the daughter of Will- iam Fogle, one of the early pioneers of Stark county. Her death occurred on the nth of July, 1896. They were both faithful and con- sistent members of the First Baptist church of Canton and were held in high esteem by all whs> knew them. They were the parents of the fol- lowing children: Charles, of Chicago; Anna, at home; Emma, Mrs. Jacob Reigner, of Can- ton; John T., the subject; Nettie, Mrs. Elmer Ball, of Canton; Carrie, Mrs. Charles E. Rus- kin, of Cleveland, Ohio; George, of Canton, 978 OLD LANDMARKS and Fanny, who died at the age of eight years. John T. Schroyer is a native of Canton, having been born at the old homestead on South Cleveland avenue on the 8th of April, i860. As soon as old enough he commenced attending school, in which he remained until he was nine years old. At that early age he took up the work of gardening and was also engaged in herding cattle for John Spangler. In this way he was employed during the summers and at- tended school during the winters until he was eighteen years of age. Then he attended two winter terms in the W. H. Avery Academy at Canton. The winters of 1876 and 1877 he went to Indiana and was employed as a chore boy on the farm belonging to his uncle, attend- ing school at the same time. He was ambitious to take up the 'legal profession as his life work, and with this end in view went to South Bend, Indiana, and entered a law school, here he con- tinued his studies for two years. However. h&- coming convinced that for a young man to suc- ceed in establishing himself in a practice it was necessary that he should have some backing, which he had not he reluctantly gave up the iaw and returned to Canton. Here he entered the employ of C. Aultman & Company, being engaged in the work of settling up old accounts. ■tie worked along this line about two years and was then called into the home office and put in charge of the shipping department. His faith- fulness and close attention to the interests of his employers soon won for him their confidence but the close confinement proved detrimental to his health and he was forced to seek other employment. In 1889, having managed to save a part of his earnings, he invested it in the laundry business. His success was gratifying from the start and he has continued this busi- ness ever since. Possessed of sound business princi]jles, good judgment and absolute integ- rity, he has long commanded the confidence and good will of the public, which has accorded to him a full share of its patronage. The plant is equipped with the latest and most improved machinery and is constantly run at its fullest capacity. Since attaining his majority the subject has taken an acti\e part in advancing the interests of the Democratic party and has contributed \'tvy materially to the success of that party in local, state and national campaigns. He was nominated by the Democratic party for member of the Canton city council in the seventh ward, a ward which is nominally Republican by three hundred majority. However, such was the hold he had upon the public confidence that in the following election (1899) he carried the ward by a majority of thirty-six, and two years later was selected to succeed himself by the re- markable majority of two hundred and thirty-, five. Upon taking his seat in the council he at once assumed a prominent place in its delibera- tions and w as accorded a high standing on sev- eral of its most important committees. During his first term he served as chairman of the ju- diciary and the ways and means committees, and was retained in these positions the scond year. As chairman of the last-named commit- tee, it became his pleasure to report the largest surplus in the treasury during the entire history of the city of Canton. He is also a member of the board of Auditorium trustees. He is a strong advocate of the best sanitary measures and has repeatedly urged the adoption by the city of a municipal garbage plant. Fraternally Mr. Schroyer is a member of the Knights of Pythias, the Royal .\rcanum, Patrick Henry Council, Junior Order United American Mechanics, the Modern Woodmen of America, the Ancient Order of United \\'orkmen, and is president of the Fraternal Order of Eagles. In matters religious the sub- ject is identified with the First Baptist church and is a member of the \\^illiam Carey Bible class. On the 8th of July, 1883, Mr. Schroyer was CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 979 united in marriage with Miss Lillie Jack, of Canton. This union has been a most happy and congenial one and has resulted in the birth of two children, Muriel and Doroth}'. HENRY W. FAULK, M. D.— This well- known physician and surgeon is numbered among" Stark county's native sons and is an honored representative of one of its early pio- neer families. Both his father and his mother's people lived in this locality when it was a fron- tier settlement and their names are closely inter- woven with the history of the communities in which they originally located. Andrew Faulk, the Doctor's grandfather, was a native of Ger- many. He came to the United States about the beginning of the last century, and settled in New Jersey, where he worked for some years at the blacksmith trade. He was a married man when he came to America, and his children were all bom in New Jersey. In the year 1815 he came with his family to Stark county, Ohio, and entered a quarter section of land about two and a half miles north of Waynesburg, the country at that time being as nature had made it. He hastily constructed a rude log cabin, which answered the purpose of a dwelling until a building more in keeping with the needs of his growing family could be erected. His second dwelling, a two-story hewed-log cabin, was among the first structures of the kind in the •township in which he settled. Andrew Faulk was a true type of the strong, determined pio- neer of his day, and experienced in full measure the trials and vicissitudes of life in the back- woods. By long and continued toil, he devel- oped a good farm and as years went by be- came one of the leading agriculturists and j^rominent citizens of his part of the county. After a long and useful life he died on the place where he originally settled, honored and re- spected by all who knew him, his death occin^- ring in 1850, \\'hen he was eight v vears old. Among the children of Andrew Faulk was a son, also Andrew by name, whose birth oc- curred in New Jersey in 1806. Andrew, Jr., was nine years old when his parents moved to Ohio, and from that time until his death he made his home in the county of Stark. He grew up amid the stirring scenes of the pioneer period, contributed his share to the clearing and cultivating of the home farm and when old enough to begin life for himself chose agri- culture as a vocation. In 1833 he married Miss Susan Welker, who was born in the southeast- ern part of Stark county in 181 6, her parents moving here several years prior to that date. Mrs. Faulk was early left an orphan and grew to young womanhood in the wilderness, living th.e meanwhile with different parties who looked after her interests. Mr. Faulk inherited the greater part of his father's estate and, like the latter, also became a leading farmer and enter;prising citizen, departing this life in 1885 in his eightieth year. In politics he was orig- inally a Whig, but later Ijecame a Republican, and as such took an active part in the public affairs of his township and county. He was a man of profound religious convictions and for a number of years was a leading member of the local Methodist Episcopal church, his wife be- ing also a member of that denominatiijn. Mrs. Faulk preceded her husband to the other world, dying about the year 1872. Andrew and Susan Faulk reared a family of ten children, whose names are as follows : Matilda married Richard Wilson and died near the old homestead in Ma}-, 1901 : Osee Ann married Daniel Bronson, deceased ; James, a fanner of Canton township, married f<->r his first wife Martha Silvers, after whose death he chose for a compan.ion Hannah Yohe ; So- phia, the third in order of birth, is the wife of Luther Baxter and lives in this county; Al- bert, who lives in Carroll county, Missouri, married Lizzie Neill ; Sarah, wife of William Shearer, died some years ago in this county; 98o OLD LANDMARKS Thomas, a soldier of tlie late Civil war, died at Natchez, Mississippi, while in the service of his country; Henry W., of this review, is the eighth in orden of succession ; Lemmon R. died in the year 1872; William, the youngest, who runs the home farm, married Miss Malissa Rogers, of Stark county. Dr. Henry VV. Faulk was born on the old homestead in Stark county, May 20, 185 1. Under the parental roof he grew to young man- hood and as soon as old enough learned by practical experience the true meaning of honest toil as required in the cultivation of a farm. In the winter seasons he attended the district schools and in this way prosecuted his studies until the age of sixteen, when he entered Mt. Union College. After spending some time in that institution he turned his attention to teach- ing and was thus engaged for about seven years, devoting his vacations the meantime to his collegiate work at Alt. Union. At the age of twenty-three he began the study of medi- cine with Dr. A. B. Walker, of Canton, and aft- er continuing under that gentleman's instruc- tions about three years entered the Eclectic Medical Institute of Cincinnati. Dr. Faulk was graduated from that insti- tution in 1878 and in September of the same year was united in wedlock to Miss Isabelle A. Shaffer, of Carroll county, Ohio. Being well prepared for the active duties of his pro- fession, the Doctor immediately after his mar- riage opened an office in the town of Osnaburg, Stark county, where he soon built up a large practice, which continued with success and financial profit during the fifteen years follow- ing. In June, 1893, he wound up his business at Osnaburg and in August following located at Canton, where he has since practiced with a large measure of professional and financial success. Dr. Faulk has always had a laudable ambition to stand high in the medical world, not so much from a desire for the honor which such a station would bring, but rather to be- come a true benefactor of mankind in alleviat- ing suffering. That he has to an eminent de- gree realized this ambition is attested by the success that has crowned his efforts and by the high esteem in which he is held by the public and by his professional associates. Politically the Doctor is a Republican, has ever been true to his convictions, and while not a partisan, la- bors earnestly for the success of his party, as every good citizen should. He served one term as physician of the county infirmary and as a member of the board of control of that institu- tion did much to make it answer the purposes for which intended. Fraternally he holds mem- bership with the Knights of Pythias and re- ligiously subscribes to the Methodist Episcopal doctrine. For several years he served with the late President McKinley and others as trustee of the First Methodist Episcopal church of Canton, and holds the same position at the present. Dr. and Mrs. Faulk have two chil- dren, Dora and Hugh, aged twenty-three and nineteen years respectively. The Doctor is a member of the Stark County Medical Society, the Ohio State Medical Society, and of the American Medical Association. WILLIAM M. BLECKER comes of Ger- man ancestry in the agnatic line and of .Swedish in the maternal, while he is a native of the old Keystone state of the Union, having been born in the city of Philadelphia, on the 30th of May, 1869, and being a son of Lorenzo and Mary (Landes) Blecker, who are now residents of Meyerstown, Lebanon county, Pennsylvania, where the former is engaged in the contracting business. The subject received his early edu- cation in the public schools and in his boyhood began to contribute to his own support, the family being in moderate circumstances. Through his own exertions he was enabled to complete a college course of a technical order, entering the Coleman Institute, at Lebanon,. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 981 Pennsylvania, where he completed the course in mechanical engineering and from which insti- tution he was graduated. He soon manifested his superior ability in the work of his chosen vocation, and his prog- ress has been consecutive from the initiation of his efforts in the line. He was for a number of years engaged in the work pertaining to his profession, including pattern-making, and thoroughness andj fidelity have characterized his entire course during his entire career. He became foreman of the Leechburg Foundry & Machine Company at I>eechburg, Pennsylvania, and eventually became a stockholder in the company. Later he became associated with Hitzfelds in the purchase of the plant of the Avonmore Foundry & Machine Company's plant, at Avonmore, Pennsylvania, and then effected the organization of the West Pennsyl- vania Foundry & Machine Company, of which he was made president, the plant being suc- cessfully operated during his regime, which terminated when he disposed of his inter- ests in the concern. He then became identified with the Vulcan Foundry & Ma- chine Company, at Newcastle, Pennsylvania, from which place he came to Canton, where he became interested in the construction of the plant of the Canton Roll & Machine Com- pany, which was completed and put into opera- tion, Mr. Blecker being made vice-president of the company. He and J. E. Carnahan finally purchased the interests of all other stockhold- ers, and six months later they sold the plant and business to Pittsburg men. In 1898 Messrs. Carnahan and Blecker began the con- struction and equipment of the plant of the •Carnahan Tin Plate & Sheet Mill, and the same was placed in operation the following year. Our subject is secretary and treasurer of the company, and the business now takes rank among the prosperous and important industries of Canton. Mr. Blecker is also first vice-presi- dent of the Carnahan Stamping and Enamel- ing Company, which is a successful institution of Canton, and is treasurer of the United Steel Company, whose fine plant is in course of con- struction in Canton at the time of this writing. He is also treasurer of the Carnahan Land & Improvement Company, which has valuable in- terests here, and has other financial interests in outside concerns. From these statements it will be seen that Mr. Blecker is a man of marked administrative ability and that he has directed his efforts in the promotion of enter- prises which work for the general good, offer- ing employment to many persons and consti- tuting the most practical form of productive and legitimate philanthropy. He is loyal to the interests of his home city and his public spirit leads him to give a ready support to all measures advanced for the general welfare and for the furthering of the upbuilding and material and civic prosperity of the city. In politics he allies, himself to no particular party or faction, being independent in his views and lending his influence and exercising his fran- chise in support of men and measures, rather than submitting to the partisan lash. He and his wife are members of the First Methodist Episcopal church of Canton and take an abid- ing interest in its work. Mr. Blecker was united in marriage in the city of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, to Miss Ida Schell, who was born in Parker, Armstrong county, that state, being a daughter of George Schell, a representative of one of the sterling old English families of Pennsylvania. Mr. and Mrs. Blecker have two children, Mildred and Harold. CAPT. MARCUS A. FISHER was born in Womelsdorf, Berks county, Pennsylvania, on the 26th of May, 1863. There he initiated his educational discipline in the public schools, which he continued until he had attained the age of eleven years, when he accompanied his 982 OLD LANDMARKS parents on their removal to I\Iiamisburg, Mont- gomery county, Ohio, where he was reared to maturity and where he attended tlie pubhc pubHc scliools until he had completed the high school course, in which he was graduated as a member of the class of 1880, having been also employed in a local drug store during his last year in school and giving his attention to the study of pliamiacy. He continued to be thus employed in ^liamisburg until the month of Au- gust, 1882, when he went to Cincinnati, where he secured a clerical position in a drug establishment, and at the same time attending night school, where he maile a special stud}- of chemistry, both organically and in the line of practical quantitative analysis. About that time the state law providing for the registra- tion of pharmacists was enacted, and those were granted licenses wdio were al:)le to successfully pass tlie recjuired examination before the state board of ])harmacy. So well and so faithfully had he applied himself to his studies and to the practical work in the drug store that he was able to duly qualify and was granted his license or certificate. Shortly afterward he returned to Miamisbiu'g and re-entered the employ of M. G. Bohn, under whose du"ection he had se- cured his preliminary training in the technical work of his profession, and there he remained for a period (jf nine }ears. On the 1st of April, 1891, Mr. Fisher came to C!anion and here established himself in lhe drug business on his own responsibility, his original location ha\ing been the store now occupied by J. L. Mauer & Company. There he continued a successful business until Au- gust, 1S94, when he sold out to Edward Young and effected the purchase of his present place of business, which is eligiljly located at the cor- ner of Ciierry and East Tuscarawas streets. His original quarters here became inadequate for the accommodation of his rapidly increas- ing business, and in 1899 he secured the rcjoni adjoining on the east, so that his establishment now figures as an essentially metropolitan one. the stock carried being large and select in all lines wdiile the store is attractive in all its equipments. On June 20, 1893, ^Nlr. Fisher became iden- tified with the Eighth Regiment of the Ohio National Guard, in Canton, in the capacity of hospital steward, and as such he served until the latter part of the following year, when he was elected second lieutenant of Company L, of the same regiment, being later advanced to the. office of first lieutenant, in which he served until 1897, having had command of his com- pany during the the greater portion of the year 1896. On the 8th of January, 1897, he was elected captain of the same company, and as such was in command of the same during its valiant service in the Spanish-American w^ar, the regiment having given prompt e\i- dence of its intrinsic lo\'alty and patriotism by tendering its services to the government. The regiment was assigned to the Fifth Army Corps, under General Shafter, and in Ma)-, 1898, having been duly mustered in, proceeded to Cuba, where it took an active part in the San- tiago campaign, assisting materially in \\ inning the decisive victories for the American arms. Captain Fisher pro\cd an able commander, having the company under effective discipline and sparing no pains or care in providing for the necessities and comforts of his men to the best of his power. The regiment returned to Montauk Point in August, 1898, and its mem- bers received their Iwnorable discharge from the United States service on the JOth of the following November, being given an enthu- siastic and gratifying' welcome by the people of Canton and vicinitv u|)on their return to their home city. Captain Fisher still continues his identification with the National Guard and is commissary of the Second Brigade with the rank of major. In politics Mr. Fisher has ever given an un- comjiromising allegiance to the Republican CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 983 party, in whose cause he has lieen an acti\e worker, and in April, 1899, he was elected to the office of treasurer of Canton township, of which he is still in tenure, having gi\-en a most able and satisfactory adniinistralion of the fis- cal affairs of the township, which is tlie most populous and wealthy in the county. His re- ligions views are in harmony with the faith of the Methodist Episcopal church, in which he was reared, and fraternalh he holds mem- bership in the Spanish War Veterans* Asso- ciation, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Knights of Pythias, the Junior Order of United American Mechanics, and the Masonic order, in which last he is a member of Canton Commandery \o. 38, Ivnights Tem- plar, while he has also attained the fourteenth degree in the Scottish Rite bodies, being affili- ated with the consistory at Canton, Ohio. By his first wife, whose maiden name was Eizzie Brown, and to whom he was married in t886. Captain Eisher has one son, Robert, who remains at the paternal home. This lady died March 3, 1888, and on the 13th of No- vember, 1896, he chose for a companion Miss Elizabeth Overton, of Massillon, this countv. a daughter of William Overton, who is now a resident of Little Ealls, in the state of Wis- consin. To Mr. Eisher's second union one daughter has been born, Ruth. CHARLES B. EREDERICK. V. S.— In the veins of the subject of this sketch flows the blood of a long line of American and Scotch ancestors and he combines in his physical and mental make up many sturdy attributes of both nationalities. On the paternal side he traces his genealogy back to an early period in the history of eastern Ohio, his grandfather, John Erederick, having been born in Columbiana county on June 21, 1800. When a young man John Frederick entered eighty acres of land, in Washington township. Stark county, and shortly after moving to the same increased his possessions by an additional tract of the same number of acres, nearly all of which he reduced to a state of tillage. In the year 1826 he was married in his native county to Miss Charlotte Aultman and the same year moved to his original purchase in the county of Stark referred to above. After the death of his wife, A\'hich occurred in her sixty-sixth year, he dis- posed of his real estate to his children and lived among them, the remainder of his days, dying at Salem Center, Indiana, at the home of his son David, at the ripe old age of eigh.ty-seven years. He was the father of children as fol- lows: John died in Stark county; George is a resident of Hudson, Indiana ; Michael also resides in the town of Hudson; Joseph G. is the father of the subject, and Mary, wife of Henry Shaffer, a farmer of Washington town- ship. Stark county. Joseph G. Erederick was born on the old homestead in Washington township, June 11, 1840, and received his educational advantages in the common schools of the county. In his young manhood he took a course in veterinary medicine and surgery and for a period of forty years he practiced his profession, meeting with a large measure of success in treating diseases peculiar to man's best and noblest friend, the horse. He followed his chosen calling- in .Stark county until 1896, when he moved to Hudson, Indiana, and since then has practiced at that place with most encouraging professional and and financial results. Mary A. Little, who be- came the wife of Joseph G. Erederick, was born near the town of Bayard, Columbiana county, Ohio, in the year 1843, '''^'' famil}' having been among the early settlers of that part of the state. John Little, Mrs. Frederick's father, was lx)rn near Edinburg, Scotland, and when a boy was a companion and schoolmate of the poet Burns, bet>\een whom and himself a warm personal friendship existed as long as the former lived. Immediately after their mar-' 984 OLD LANDMARKS- riagc, which was solemnized in the early 'thir- ties, Mr. Little came to the United States and settled first in Washington township, Stark county, a few years later removing to a farm in the county of Columbiana, where he still lives, his wife having died in the fall of 1897. John and Mrs. Little reared a family of seven children, namely : Mrs. Mary Frederick ; Mag- gie, wife of Herman Hart; Mrs. Reuben Hawkins ; John, Jamics Robert and George. The children born to Joseph G. and Mary Frederick are as follows: John, who lives in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania; Dr. Charles B., of this review; Alice, wife of C. M. Unyer, of Cleveland ; Elsworth, a farmer of Washing- ton township, this county, and Ollie, who mar- ried Joseph Reese, of Canton. Dr. Charles B. Frederick was born Decem- ber 29, 1 868, on the family homestead in Wash- ington township and it is a fact worthy of note that both he and his father first saw the light of day in the old dwelling, which still stands on the place. In the district schools which he attended until a youth in his teens he acquired his preliminary educational training and later pursued higher branches of learning in Mt. Union College, adopting the profession of veterinary medicine and surgery. Mr. Freder- ick, in 1893, entered the Ontario Veterinary College at Toronto, from which he was gradu- ated in due season, after which he began the practice at Louisville, Ohio, where he remained until 1897. Determined to leave nothing un- done in the way of familiarizing himself with his calling, he took a post-graduate course in the veterinary department of the Ohio State University in 1898 and the same year accepted a position as assistant professor in that institu- tion, holding the same during the four years following. In the fall of 1901 Dr. Frederick came to Canton and opened an office at No. 433 North Cherry street and since that time has been actively engaged in professional work in this city and surrounding country. The Doctor has spared no pains in post- ing himself and today stands admittedly at the head of his profession in this section of the state. A close and critical student, he has be- come familiar with every known authority up- on diseases of the horse, in addition to which he has prosecuted original investigations and made discoveries in the matters of treatment and remedies hitherto unknown to the profes- sional world. Dr. Frederick was happily married on the 2c;th day of June, 1900, to Miss Frances E. Houser, a native of Nimishillen township, this county, and daughter of Martin and Mary (Auer) Houser, both parents deceased. Aside from the claims of his calling the Doctor finds time to devote to the duties of citizenship, being an enterprising man and greatly interested in the welfare of the city and county in which he lives. He cast his first presidential ballot for Benjamin Harrison and from tliat time to the present day has been a supporter of the Republican party, though not a partisan in the sense of aspiring to leadership or seeking offi- cial honors. He holds membership with Lodge No. 499, Free and Accepted Masons, and en- deavors to square his life in harmony with the principles of this ancient and honorable fra- ternity. Personally he is widely and favorably known, his relations with his fellow men being of the most agreeable character and he is well deserving of specific mention as one of the in- telligent and progressive men of the county of Stark. PHILIP FARBER.— The name borne by the subject of this sketch is one which has been identified with the annals of Ohio from an early epoch, for it is to lie recorded that his father, the late and honored James Farber, was borpn in Tuscarawas county, Ohio, on the ist of March, 1808, so that the latter's parents were num- bered among the earliest settlers in that sec- MR. AND MRS. PHILIP FARBER. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 985 tion, James himself having been tlie first white •child born in Sandy township, that county. He was a son of John Farber, who is supposed to have been a native of Pennsylvania, whence he set forth to establish his home in Ohio short- ly after, possibly before, it was admitted to the sisterhood of states, here passing the residue of his life. James Farber was reared to maturity amidst the primitive surroundings of a pioneer farm of Tuscarawas county, and it is hardly neces- sary to state that his early educational privi- leges, in a specific sense, must have been exceed- ingly limited in scope. His, however, w^as a mind too alert to be seriously handicapped by the mere accident of time and place, and ex- perience proved to him a kindly master, and the school was one in which he developed strong native talents, making his life one of sig- nal usefulness and honor. It was his good fortune as a young man to choose as a compan- ion and helpmeet on the journey of life a woman whose nobility and gentleness of char- acter ably complemented the strength and vigor of his. He married Miss Caroline A. AVeaver, who was born in the state of New York, on the 17th of July, 181 5, and who came to Ohio with her parents when a mere child. Her marriage to James Farber was solemnized in Tuscarawas county, whence the)^ soon after- ward came to Stark county and took up their abode on a farm in Pike township, where they again repeated the experiences of pioneer life, in the reclaiming of the land and making it available for cultivation. They lived to see their children grow up to lives of honor and risefulness, and passed their declining days in the locality in which they took up their resi- dence upon coming to the county, while in death they were not long di\-ided, the mother ■of the subject being summoned into eternal rest, in Pike township, on the 21st of February, 1890, while her loved husband passed away ■on the second of the following June, be- ing nearly eighty-three years of age at the time of his death, while she was in her seventy-sixth year. They became the par- ents of seven children, namely : John F., of whom individual mention is made on another page of this work ; Isabella, who became the wife of John Kiefer and who died in Carroll county; Emma, who died as a child of about two years; Oliver, a resident of Osnaburg township; Philip, the immediate subject of this sketch; Abigail, who is the wife of Franklin Neuhouse, of Pike township ; and Betsey, who lives in Sandy township. Philip Farber, the immediate subject of this sketch, was born on the old homestead in Pike township, on the 3d of January, 1841, and here he was reared to manhood and has always maintained his home, devoting his attention to agricultural pursuits from his youth up and being now known as one of the successful and influential farmers of his native county. He received his educational training in the com- mon schools, while his mentality, no less than his physical vigor, felt the beneficent influence of the experience of those who cling to the noble art of husbandry. Mr. Farber is the owner of three hundred and forty-three acres of very fertile land, the major portion of which is under cultivation, and upon the place are the evidences of thrift and prosperity in the way of substantial and attracti\'e buildings, improved machinery, good fences, high-grade stock, etc., ■ making this one of the model estates of Pike township and of the county. In politics he has given ? stalwart allegiance to the Repu1)lican party, and though he has never sought public office he has rendered most efficient service as a school director of his district. In May, 1864, he showed the loyalty and patriotism of a true son of the republic by tendering his services in defense of the Union, enlisting as a private in Company F, One Hundred and Sixty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with which he was in active service for a period of four months, at 986 OLD LANDMARKS the expiration of which he received an lionor- able discharge. He is a member of Steiner Post No. 25, Grand Army of the Republic, at Sparta. On tiie 19th (if December, 1872, in Tuscara- was county, Mr. l'"arber was united in marriage to Miss Mary L. .Souders, a daughter of the late Blazius Souders, who met his death in the battle of Gettysljurg. Mrs. Far1)er Avas born in the kingdom of Wurtemburg, Germany, on tlie 4th of May, 1S51, and was but four years of age when she accompanied her parents on their emigration to i\merica, tlie family locating in Tuscarawas county, this state, where she was reared and educated. To our subject and his estimaljle wife ha\e been born three children, namely: Jay, who married Miss Alice Kemp and who is engaged in farming in Pike town- ship; May, wli() is the wife of Frank A. Esterly, of Pike township; and Elta, who is the wife of Charles Crist, of Tuscarawas county. CHARLES F. LAIBLIN.— The Laiblin family is of stanch German lineage, and the following is the jjatenial line of descent : The subject's great-great-grandfather, Charles Frederick, born in 1690, died in 1742; great- grandfather, b'rederick Lewis, city clerk of Pullinger. born in 1712, died in 1758; grand- father, Charles Frederick, an officer of customs at Winnenden, Wurtemburg, born November 18. 1752, died in 1817; father, Charles Fred- erick, Sr. The first representati\'e in Aiuerica was the father of the subject, Charles F. Laib- lin. who was born in the city of Stuttgart, Wurtemburg, Germany, in the year 1797, and there he was reared and educated, recei\'ing good advantages in the matter of early scholas- tic training, as his parents were in good cir- cumstances. In his native city he served a partial apprenticeship at the brewing business, and when he w-as eighteen years of age he was drafted for service in the German army, but was not desirous of entering military life, and determined to escape the service by emigrating to America. He accordingly made his way to a seaix>rt town, where he embarked on a sailing vessel bound for the port of New York city, where he arrived after a voyage of fifty-nine days' duration, the vessel having sprung a leak while en route, so that it became necessary to keep the pumps in action day and night to keep the boat afloat. He was employed for a time in New York and then went to Washing- ton county, Pennsylvania, where he secured employment on a farm. While thus engaged he married Miss Susan Bedillion, who was born in that county, her father being .\braham' Bedillion, the owner of the farm on which Mr. Laiblin was employed. The Bedillion family is undoubtedly of French extraction and was early founded in America. After his marriage the father of the suljject came witli his bride to Steubenville, Jefferson county, Ohio, where he established a brcwerv and built up .'i suc- cessful business, ha\ing shipped his products down the Ohio and Mississippi rivers to various points, including the city of New Orleans. After forty years of successful operations as a brewer Mr. Laiblin also engaged in the malting busi- ness, in which line also he conducted a pros- perous and (|uite extensive business. In 1869 he came to Stark county and purchased a farm in Pike township, wliere he continued to re- side until his deatli, which occurred in June, 1871, while bis cherished and dexoted wife survived him by only a few years, her death occurring at the home of her daughter .\melia, Mrs. Armstrong, in Canton, in 1878, at which time she was eighty-one years of age. She was a dexoted member of the Methodist Epis- copal church, and tcj the support of the same her husband contributed liberally, though he was never formally identified with the organiza- tion. In politics Mr. Laiblin was arrayed in the ranks of the Democratic party until the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 987- time of tlie iKjmination of .\braham Lincoln, to wlioni he gave his support, while his sym- pathies were enlisted in favor of the Union during the war of the Rebellion, and he gvave every possiljle aid he could in supporting the cause. Of the children 01: Charles F. and Susan Laiblin we incorporate the following brief rec- ord : Catherine died in childhood ; i\brahani, wild married Clementine Miller, died on his farm in Pike township, this county, at the age of fifty-four years; Elizabeth is the wife of John Starr, of Zanesville, Ohio ; Mary Ann, who became the wife of Thomas Huscroft, died in Steubenville, Jefferson county, in 1856; Amelia is the wife of John Armstrong, of Can- ton; Martha, who became the wife of John Cosset, died in Steubenville; Charles F., Jr., the immediate subject of this sketch, was the next in order of birth; Lewis, now deceased, was a resident of the state of Montana : and Thomas died in childhood. Charles F. Laiblin was born in Steuben- ville. Jefiferson county, Ohio, on the nth of NovemJjer, 1833, and his early educational dis- cipline was such as he gained through a some- what desultory attaidance in the public schools. Alert and observing, he was not fond of the constraints of the school room, and as his father was absent from home much oi the time, the subject was not as regular in his school attendance as he might otherwise have been, and he left school entirely when fifteen years of age. At the age of seventeen years he en- tered upon an apprenticeship at the trade of brick-laving", becoming a skilled workman in the line. In 1855 he went to Kansas, and there he worked at his trade, in the employ of the government, assisting in the erection of buildings at Fort Leavenworth, being in that section during the crucial epoch when the bor- der ruffians were in such distinctive evidence, and when Kansas was the controversial ground upon which was fought the further encroach- (nent of slavery, gaining to the state the famil- iar title of "bleeding Kansas." While not en- gaged in the work of his trade Mr. Laiblin devoted his attention to the freighting of gov- ernment supplies into Colorado, New Mexico, Wyoming, Nebraska and other sections of the frontier west, a portion of the time serving in the capacity of wagon master. In this con- nection he met with many exciting experiences, the wagon trains being frequently menaced and attacked by the bands of Indians and border outlaws, having made his first freight trip in 1856. In i860 he transported commissary supplies to Fort Union and to Santa Fe, and he was in that section of the west during the stirring times of the Civil war, and thus his reminiscences of the early period in the pioneer west are interesting in th.e extreme, for he was in various portions of that section at the time when civilization had gained only a precarious foothold, Avhile he remained in the employ of the government during the entire progress of the Rebellion. On the 25th of May, 1855, at Kickapoo, Kansas, Mr. Laiblin was united in marriage to Miss Lydia Wigginton, who was born in Steubenville, Ohio, and who accom- panied her uncle, David Hottle. to the Sun- flower state in the same year in which her husband located there. In 1866 Mr. Laiblin returned widi his wife to Ohio, and located in his native town of Steubenville, where he erected a residaice and a store building, and there he was successfully engaged in the gro- cerv business until 1868, his wife having there died in 1867. She is survived by one daughter, .\nna, who is now the wife of Jacob Hilcher, of Canton, who is engaged in the Canton Bridge Works. In 1868 Mr. Laiblin disposed of his interests in Steubenville and came to Stark county, where he remained for a short time with his father oh the homestead farm, in Pike township. In 1869 he came to Can- ton, where he engaged in the grocery business for about a year, and then became engaged in 988 OLD LANDMARKS the business of buying and shipping- hogs, cat- tle and sheep, shipping principally to the cities ■of Pittsburg, Philadelphia and New York, and simultaneously he conducted a meat market, on East Tuscarawas street. His business increased greatly in scope and importance with the pass- ing years, and eventually he extended his opera- tions by purchasing live stock in Indiana, Illi- nois and Iowa, and bringing the same into Stark county, where the stock was placed on various farms to be fattened for the market. He continued successfully in this line of enter- prise for many years, and became one of the leading live-stock dealers in this section of the state. In 1882 Mr. Laiblin turned his attention to the real estate business, and in this im- portant field he has continued operations to a greater or less extent to the present time, hav- ing shown marked discrimination in his opera- tions and having handled many valuable prop- erties. He, with his sons, has laid out three additions to the city of Canton. In 1893 he became a stockholder in the Canton Bridge Company, and was chosen a member of the directorate of this important corporation, and in 1808 he was elected to the presidency of the same, of which position he has since re- mained incumbent, bringing to bear his fine executive and adniinistrati\'e abilities in fur- thering the interests of the concern, which rep- resents one of the important industrial enter- prises of the city, and which has controlled a business extending into divers parts of the Union. He is also a stockholder and director in the People's Savings Bank, while for ten years he was also a member of the directorate of the City National Bank. Mr. Laiblin is a man of fine business ability and impregnable honor, has gained distincti\e success through his own efforts, and is accorded the utmost confidence and regard in the city and county in which he has so long maintained his home, and of which he is recognized as a representa- tive citizen. Mr. Laiblin has been a stanch advocate of the principles of the Republican party from the time of its organization, having voted for its first presidential candidate, General Fre- mont, and his interest in the cause has been an active one in a local way, while he has served in various offices of public trust and responsi- bility. He was a member of the board of county commissioners of Stark county for one term of three years, served for an equal period as a member of the board of education of the city of Canton, and for eight years served on the poor fund of the Hartford trustees. He has been a member of the board of park com- missioners of Canton for eight years. He and his wife are prominent and valued members of the First Christian church, of whose board of trustees he was a member for the past four- teen years, taking a zealous interest in all de- partments of the church work. Mr. Laiblin is an appreciative member of the time-honored Masonic fraternity, in which he was initiated in the autumn of 1855, at Kickapoo, Kansas, and he is also identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pythias. In February, 1870, Mr. Laiblin consum- mated a second marriage, being- then united to Miss Nancy P. Kinney, who was born in Can- ton township, this county, being a daughter of the late William Kinney, one of the honored ]Moneers of the county. Of this union have been born six children, of whom two are de- ceased; those living are William C, who mar- ried Miss Edith Archer, and who is now sec- retary and treasurer of the Canton Bridge Company; Abraham, who is an artist in New York; Elizabeth, who is the wife of Rev. Fred- erick Kuder, a clergyman of the Presbyterian church, and having a pastoral charge in the village of Holly, Michigan, at the time of this writing; and Garfield, who married Rose Gal- lagher, of Columbus, Ohio, and is connected with the Canton Bridge Company. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 989. SYLVANUS SUMMERS was born in Columbiana county, Ohio, on the 2d of No- vember, 1852, being a son of John B. and Barbara (Snyder) Summers, of whose eight children five are yet living, namely : Josiah and John, both of whom are likewise success- ful farmers of Nimishillen township; Sylvanus, the immediate subject of this sketch; Levi, who is engaged in farming in Plain township, and Barbara, who is the wife of John Gehman, of Nimishillen township. John B. Summers, the honored father of our subject, was likewise born in Columbiana county, the date of his na- tivity having been January 5, 1823. He was a son of John and Elizabeth (Stuckey) Sum- mers, both of whom were born in Pennsylvania, the former being a son of John Summers, Sr., who was the original representative, of the family in America, whither he emigrated from Switzerland, taking up his residence in Penn- sylvania, from which state he came to Ohio with his family in 181 2, taking up his resi- dence in Columbiana county, where he passed the remainder of his life. He became the father of twenty-five children, all of whom lived to attain years of maturity, and from this honored ancestor Ohio has gained many sterl- ing citizens in the succeeding generations. From the above statement it will be seen that the subject of this review is of the fifth gener- ation of the family in the Buckeye state.. John B. Summers was reared on the pioneer farm in Columbiana county, and his educational privi- leges were such as were afforded by the little log school-house of the locality and period and by personal application. In 1845 ^^as solem- nized his marriage to Miss Barbara Snyder, and he then purchased a farm of one hundred and thirty-five acres, in his native county, where he continued to maintain his home until 1865, when he came to Stark county and purchased the farm of one hundred and eighty acres where he died September 6, 1902, in Nimishil- len township, being one of the venerable and highly esteemed citizens and substantial farm- ers of the county. In his earlier life he was a Democrat in his political proclivities, but in 1852 he voted the Whig ticket, and later identi- fied himself with the Republican party in whose support he has ever since continued to exer- cise his franchise. He is a worthy member of the (jerman Baptist church, as was also his devoted wife,, whose death occurred in the year 1893. She was born in Stark county, on a farm three miles southeast of the village of Louisville, the date of her nativity having been in October, 1822. She was a daughter of Jacob and Barbara (Shively) Snyder,- who came from Pennsylvania and became num- bered among the early settlers in Stark county, where they passed the remainder of their lives. Sylvanus Summers, with whom this article has more specifically to do, was about thirteen years of age at the time when his parents re- moved from Columbiana county to the new homestead in Stark county, and he was reared to maturity in Nimishillen tov\nship, assist- ing in the work of the farm and attending the public schools of the county, where he laid the foundations for the excellent practical educa- tion which he may now consistently claim as his own. At the age of twenty years Mr. Summers entered upon an apprenticeship at the carpenter's trade, at which he served the cus- tomary three years, becoming a skilled work-, man, and during the subsequent years he has continued' to devote more or less attention to the work of his trade in connection with his farming operations. On the nth of December, 1875, Mr. Sum- mers was united in marriage to Miss Angeline Brumbaugh, who was born in Portage county, Ohio, being a daughter of Andrew and Abi- gail (Pontious) Brumbaugh, both of whom died in Portage county. After his marriage Mr. Summers settled on a portion of his fath- er's farm, renting the land for four years and then, in 1879, purchasing the property, which 990 OLD LANDMARKS comprises forty acres, and here he has ever since maintained his home, having his land un- der most effective cultivation, while the place is equipped with substantial modern buildings, including a commodious and attractive resi- dence. Within the year 1902 Mr. Summers also acquired three residence properties in the attractive Crystal Park addition to the city of Canton. In connection with his farm work Mr. Summers has also been employed at in- tervals in various other lines of enterprise, in- cluding brick-laying, plastering and painting, while he has given considerable attention for the past sixteen years to the raising and butch- ering of stock, finding a ready market for his products in the city of Canton, since it is recog- nized that he supplies nothing but the best, his reputation for reliability and absolute Integ- rity being unassailable, while he enjoys the con- fidence and esteem of all who know him. In connection with his butchering business he fur- nishes a regular supply of meat to a list of representative customers, not being compelled to sell to the markets of the city. In politics Mr. Summers gives an unqualified allegiance to the Republican party and Ix^th he and his wife are zealous members of the Brethren church, in which he holds the office of deacon. To them have been born six children, namely : Melvin, who is in the employ of the govern- ment signal service department, being weather observer at Columbia, Missouri ; Elsie, who is the wife of Elmer Mock, of Nimishillen town- ship ; Zilpha, who remains at the parental home ; Ray, who died in infancy; and Clinton and Inez, who are at home. REV. J. F. KUEBLER, the beloved pas- tor of St. Joseph's Catholic church, Massillon, and one of the able and scholarly divines of the diocese in which he lators, is a native of Ohio, born on the 21st of June, 1849, i" Tifiin, Seneca county, being the second of thirteen children, whose parents were Anthony and Francis (Schabacher) Kuebler. As the names indicate, the families of which Father Kuebler is a representative were German, the father be- ing a native of Bavaria. By occupation An- thony Kuebler was a shoemaker. He learned his trade in his nati\'e land and remained there until 1832, when he came to the United States, located at Tiffin, Ohio, where he followed his chosen calling for a number of years. The following are the names of the children born to Anthony and Frances Kuebler: Frances, James F., Joseph, Lewis, William, Charles, Alphonsus, Herman, Rose, Anna, John, Em- ma, and J. F. Father Kuebler's preliminary education was acquired in the schools of Tiffin, which he at- tended from his fifth to his sixteenth year. Meanwhile he entered a printing office in that city and in due time became an expert type setter, whicli trade he followed until begin- ning his literary studies in Mt. St. Mary's Seminary, Cincinnati, with the object in view of taking holy orders. He attended that in- stitucion from 1866 to 1871, and in September of the latter year became a student of St. ]^Iary's Seminary at Cleveland, where he pur- sued his theological studies until ordained to the priesthood on the 4th day of July, 1875. Father Kuebler's first pastoral charge was with the churches of St. Mary and St. Patrick. Rockport, Ohio, which at that time consisted of a membership of forty-two and thirty-five families respecti\'ely. He labored very ac- ceptably with these charges until the 22d day of Februai"}', 1891, when he was transferred to the Sts. Phillip and James church, at Canal Fulton, a congregation consisting of about ninety-one families, but which under his z;ea- lous and efficient ministration was soon great- ly augumented both in memliers and influaice. In addition to this charge he also looked after four mission churches at Barberton, Orrsville, Marshall and Burton City, the numerical CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 991 strength of these points representing something Hke seventy famihes in all. The church at Canal Fulton is one of the largest Catholic congregations in the county of Stark and to look after its varied interests and attend to his duties at the missions entailed upon Mr. Kueb- ler an amourit of work which none but a most energetic and zealous pastor coi^ld success- fully accomplish. After laboring with great acceptance in the above held until 1898, Father Kuebler took charge of the St. Joseph Catholic church at Massillon, entering upon his duties June 26 of that year. Since coming to this city his con- gregation has made commendable progress in both material and spiritual things, among the former lieing a general improvement of the Ijeautiful temple of worship, including the frescoing of its interior and the purchase of a large pipe organ, one of the finest and most expensive instruments of the kind in this part of the state. Under his direction the school building connected with the church has been entirely remodeled, at a cost of nearly a thous- and dollars, and refitted throughout with the latest modern educational applicances. Father Kuebler has greatly endeared him- self to his people, all of whom hold him in the highest respect and veneration, and by his exemplary Christian character and manly con- duct he has also won the esteem of the people of Massillon irrespective of church or creed. He is a power in the pulpit as a sound, practi- cal preacher and able exponent of the faith of of the holy church in matters of history, doc- trine and dogma. His broad scholarship and general culture, together with his powers of oratory, enable him to preach so as to be un- derstood and appreciated by the most critical and. exacting, while his metaphors and illustra- tions are so plainly drawn and described that the simplest hearer need not err in understand- ing their application. Father Kuebler's ser- mons appeal to the heart and understanding rather than to the fancy, although he is not lacking in imagination, as his frequent bursts of orator}- abundantly attest. Personally he is modest and unassuming, a most courteous and polished gentleman. His labors in his dif- ferent fields have been abundantly blessed in the extension of the heavenl}- Father's king- dom, and he looks forward to the accomplish- ment of still greater results in years to be. CHARLES BROWN is a typical repre- sentative of the sturdy Scandinavian element in our national life, and exhibits in his physi- cal and mental manhood the praisewcrthy ele- ments which for ages have distinguished that strong and fearless race. He was born Octo- ber 7, 1848, near Warburg. Sweden, near which place his father, Eric Lawson, owned a large estate and farmed upon quite an ex- tensive scale. According to national usuage which for centuries has been a custom among the Scandinavian people, boys from the age of eighteen to twenty-five are named through the military training schools, our subject being given the name of Braon (in English Brown), and by such he has since been dis- tinguished from the other members of his family. As already stated, Mr. Lawson, the father, was a large land holder, at one time owning over a thousand acres on which he carried on agriculture and stock raising for a number of years and accumulated a handsome fortune. The homestead, a large log structure, weather- boarded and roofed with tile, and the commo- dious l>arn and other outbuildings near by, together with the tastefully arranged grounds surrounding, betokened the residence of a man of successful business ability and high social standing. On this estate were some ten or twelve tenants, each of which, with his wife and such boys as were old enough to be of practi- cal ser\'ice, worked for the proprietor a cer- 992 OLD LANDMARKS tain number of days in the year to pay the rental of the houses and grounds which they occupied and tilled. The products of the Law- son farm were disposed of at Warburg, the nearest seaport, while the linen fabrics, chiefly table cloths, manufactured during the long winter seasons by different members of the family found a ready market, not only at home but in England, to w liich country many of them were sold at high prices. The subject's child- hood was spent amid the inspiring natural scenery of his native valley and at the early age of ten years he was given charge of a team of and, taking his place behind the plow, was en- abled even while that young to do a man's work in the field. His educational training was ac- quired under the peculiar system in vogue in the rural districts of Sweden in those days, and in addition thereto the children were regularly instructed in the doctrines of the government church (Lutheran), under the supervision of the ministers in charge of the parish. Like other of his companions and playmates, young Brown was obliged to study very hard early and late in order to commit to memory the re- quired number of verses and chapters of Holy Writ, besides becoming familiar with the catechism, a knowledge of which was consid- ered absolutely essential to good citizenship. While he submitted with the best grace possible to this form of ecclesiastical education and made the required advancement, young Brown was early led to question its utility, in that it failed almost entirely to lit a young man for the practical duties of life. He thought time might better be spent upon those branches of general knowledge which every successful man sooner or later must to some extent know, rather than wasted in craming the mind with stipirtated statements of faith and doctrines of church and creed. Being a dutiful son, how- ever, he submitted to the will of his God-fear- ing parents and in due time passed successfully the required examinations, was admitted to holy communion and to all intents and pur- poses became a loyal citizen of the Fatherland. Mr. Brown remained on the home farm un- til the death of his moth'er, after which the family was broken up, the three sons and one daughter finding homes elsewhere. At that time the subject was a young man of eighteen, strong and rugged in body, independent of mind and well calculated by nature and train- ing to grapple with the rugged battles of life. The first year after leaving home he worked for a neighboring farmer, receiving as a re- muneration fifty dollars in money and the use of a certain plat of ground in which to raise a few potatoes, on which he was not allowed to plant more than two bushels of seed. At the end of the year he had saved thirty dollars of his wages (equivalent to about fourteen dollars of American money), which with the price of his potatoes and money saved from the sale of the honey from his fifty bee hives, amounted to the snug sum of five hundred dollars. His young brother, L. E. I^ricsson, who left home when the family circle ceased to exist, began lifi as a grocer's clerk, but a few years later em- barked in tlie mercantile business in a modest way and soon became a prosperous tradesman. As the years went by he gradually enlarged his stock, rose to an eminent position in the mer- cantile world and at this time his wealth is estimated at considerable in excess of one mil- lion dollars. He is still a resident of Sweden and one of the distinguished business men of Slatter, the city m which he lives. Thinking to better his condition in the United States, whither a number of his friends had already gone, Mr. Brown, in 1872, took a vessel at Warburg for Gattenburg, thence by steamer to Hull, England, from which place he went by rail to Liverpool. At the latter place he took passage on one of the Anchor Line vessels and ten days thereafter landed at Castle Garden, New York. From New York city he proceeded to Titusville, Pennsylvania^ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 995 where his friends were living, and after spend- ing a short time with them, he started out in quest of a situation of some kind as his stock of money was getting quite low. After trav- eling about from place to place during the en- suing winter and well nigh exhausting his funds, he secured, in the summer of 1873, em- ployment on a railroad at Warren, Ohio, at two dollars per day. After working for the company until there was something like one hundred dollars due him, having drawn barely sufficient of his wages to meet his living ex- penses, the paymaster absconded with the funds, leaving all the workmen losers, as the company, a small affair, could not make good the deficit. Considerably discouraged but by no means disheartened by this unfortunate ex- perience. Mr. Brown at once looked around for other employment, \\hich he soon found with the Valle)' railroad, then in process of con- struction between Akron and Cleveland. Af- ter working about one month he was taken down with a severe atack of fever and agtie which kept him in bed nearly two months, to his great pecuniary embarrassment. When sufficiently recovered he went to New Castle, Pennsylvania, but not finding employment there, returned to Ohio and resumed work on the Valley road between Canton and Akron, taking his wages in script worth about seventy- five cents on the dollar. After laboring for a few months under such discouraging circum- ctances he gave up his job and w'ent to New Berlin, but not finding any way of earning a livelihood there he returned to the employ of the Valley road at the same depreciated pay as he had formerly received. Later he went to Greenville to work on another road, but find- ing the branch there about finished and no more hands needed, he hired to a farmer to chop wood at fifty cents a cord. In this way he put in the time until the spring of 1874, when, with the sum of fixe dollars in his pocket, he walked to Canton, determined if possible to find something else to do besides digging on a railroad at starvation wages or chopping wood at fifty cents a cord. On reaching this city Mr. Brown secured quarters at a hotel, after which he started out on his quest for any kind of honest employ- ment he could find to do. When all but fifty cents of his money was gone and nothing had been found, he very honestly explained his situation to the landlord, telling that gentlemare that he would be obliged to leave his house and look elsewhere for something to do. In this instance the landlord proved a friend indeed as well as a friend in need. After listening to the: young fellow's story, being impressed with hi-i.- straightforward, manly appearance, he inter- ested himself in his behalf by sending him to the home of Mr. iVlcKinley, who happened tc^ be in need of a good, reliable hand. When Mr, Brown presented himself at the latter's home- he was met by Mrs. McKinley, who referred him to her husband. He immediately pro- ceeded to the latter's office and after a few- pre- liminaries relative to the matter of wages and board had been arranged, he entered upon what proved to be a ten-year term of ser\'ice with Mr. McKinley, during which time a warm and abiding friendship sprang up between the two. Mr. Brown proved faithful to every trust re- posed in him and spared no pains to advance his employer's interests. He was one of the future President's household and was consulted upoi> matters pertaining to the place and his advice always had its weight and influence. During- Mr. McKinley's administration in congress the homestead was taken in charge by his father-in- law. James A. Saxton, and the Barber fam- ily, though the subject remained there during this period and was treated with the same cour- tesy by them as by the McKinleys. He saved his wages with the greatest care and at the expira- tion of ten years found himself the possessor of sufficient means to make what he and his em- ployer at the time thought and what has since.- 994 OLD LANDMARKS l)n)ved a most fortunate investment. This was tlie purchase of the corner lot on which his home now stands, and tlie erection of a green- liuuse, tor which tliere was then a most op- portune opening. Mr. Brown engaged in business as a florist whde in Mr. iMcKinley's service, intrusting the management of tlie concern to a friend in wliose ability and honor he placed utmost re- liance. After two years this friend proved un- faithful, as he left the city suddenly, taking with him all earnings of the business in his possession. b'ollowing this Mr. Brown re- signed his ]:)Osition with his employer in order to give personal attention to his own affairs, which had already begun to assume respectable ])roportions. Purchasing the balance of the s([uare on which his greenliouse stood, he .greatly enlarged the capacity of his buildings and soon took- rank as the leading florist in the city. His business has been very successful from the beginning and from an income of Ave hundred f Pythias and the order of Maccabees, and in politics is a stanch and uncompromising supporter of the Repub- lican party. Mr. Brown was married in the city of Can- ton. March 1. 1S88. to Miss Florence Gilmore. daughter of Nathaniel and Anna (Dougan) Gilmore. of Tuscarawas county. Ohio, a no- tice of whom will be found in the sketch of Dr. Pontius, on another page of this work. DAVID H. ROHRER is a native son of Stark county, and he was born on a farm in Canton township, on the 3d of July, 1852, be- ing the only child of Da\id and Elizabeth (Hoffman) Rohrer. both of whom came of stanch German lineage. His father was born in the state of Pennsylvania, and as a young man he accompanied his parents, Isaac and Mary ( Rohrer ) Rohrer, on their remosal from the old Kevstone state to Stark countv, the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 995 family taking up their alxjcle on a farm in Can- ton lownshi]) in tlie early pioneer days. In tliat lownshi]) the parents of our suhject were married, after wliicli his fatlier engaged in ag- ricuhnral ]iursuits on iiis own responsiliihtx'. InU he h\ed only a shftrt time after his mar- riage, passing a\va\- in the flower of his young manhood, since he was hut twenty-four years of ag"e at the time of his death, while he left his A'oung wife with ;ni infant son only three days old at the time. That son was he of whom this sketch is written. • His mother suhse- <|uently l)ccame the wife of Peter Stauffer. to w lioni she Ijore four children, of-whotu three erly inaugurated and conduct- ed and his influence has ever been used to good and worthy ends. He has served his township as supervisor, aside from which minor office he has held no public position nor aspired to any kind of public honor. In religion he sub- scribes to the doctrines of the Menonite church. of which he has teen for a number of years an humble and consecrated member. Mr. Brubaker became a married man in 1870, on February 18 of which year he was united in the bonds of matrimony with Miss Magdalena. daughter of Jonas and Elizabeth Horst, of Tuscarawas township, the union re- sulting in the birth of six children : Jonas, the oldest of the family, married Lizzie White, and is the father of three children, Ida. Curtis, de- ceased, and one that died in infancy; Daniel, the second son. married Nancy Winger and has a daughter by the name of Myrl; ^Mary and Ezron are still with their parents and bear their respective shares of the work required to run the farm and manage tlie household ; Henry and Enos, the fifth and sixth in order of birth. are deceased. CHARLES ALLISON SHAW.— The father of the subject, Thomas S. Shaw, was born in Chatham, Massachusetts, and in that state was reared. Upon attaining mature years he married and shortly afterwards came to Ohio, making the trip on horseback. With monev which his wife brought with her the\ purchased a farm in Medina county and there for some years he engaged in the pursuit of agriculture. He also engaged in the hard- ware business at Medina, in which he was quite successful. He was an ardent Republican in |X)litics, stood high in the councils of his party CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 997 and for man}' years ser\'ed as recorder of j\Ie- • lina county. He was a warm personal friend of William McKinley and frequently en- tertained the eminent statesman at his home. In his native state Thomas S. Shaw was united in marriage with Miss Polly Hamlin, who came of a wealthy and prominent family of the Old Bay state and who prior to her marriage was engaged in teaching. To their union were lx)rn three children, as follows : Ella became the wife of J. M. Templeton, of Medina, Ohio; Charles A. is the subject, and Flora, who is the wife of Dr. J. N. Sipher, of Cleveland. Ohio. Charles Allison Shaw was born on the parental farmstead in Chatiiam township, Medi- na county, Ohio, on the i6th of September, 1838. He there grew to manhood and re- ceived a good education. When the subject was about six years old his father was elected to the office of county recorder, which neces- sitated his removal to the city of Medina. The subject entered the schools of that_ place and was graduated therefrom at the age of sixteen years. He possessed the power of close application and invariably stood at the head of his classes ; but while he was a close student, he did not neglect his physical culture and took a hearty interest in all athletic and outdoor sports. Entering the Western Reserve Col- lege (now called Adelbert College), then situated at Hudson. Ohio, he pursued the full course of study and was graduated in the class of 18S1. taking the highest honors of his class. Because of his steady application to his studies in college, he was compelled to suspend his studies for one year, during which time he learned the tinner's trade. Shortly after his graduation from college, Mr. Shaw accepted the position of electrician with the Brush Elec- tric Company, at Cleveland. He was of a mechanical turn of mind and devoted much of his leisure time to the study of physics and chemistry, becoming well versed in these ■iciences. After coming to Canton he was en- gaged in making the electrical apparatus and the laboratory supplies for the high school of that city, in this way saving to the board of education a considerable expense. Accepting the position of assistant principal in the high school he served for one year to the eminent satisfaction of all concerned and when, at the close of the first year. Dr. Marchand. the prin- cipal, resigned for the purpose of studying medicine, Mr. Shaw was at once chosen as his successor, a position which he filled up to the time of his death. March 31. 1892. a period of about eight years. In this exacting" position Mr. Shaw soon attained distinction, being rec- ognized as one of the most successful educa- tors of the county. A well educated, sym- metrically developed man, his work as an edu- cator brought him prominently to the notice of the public, which was prompt in recognizing his high standard of professional excellence. He was a gentleman of scholarly tastes and studious habits, kept abreast of the times in ad- vanced educational methods and his general knowledge was at once broad and comprehen- si\'e. Full of tender sympathy, he kept in close touch with his pupils, and. whether at work or recreation, they always felt that they had in him a true friend and a loyal companion. Mr. Shaw's religious principles were in harmony with those embodied in the creed of the Congregational church and from child- hood he was a member of the local congrega- tion at Medina, retaining his affiliation there- with until his death. Of a deeply religious na- ture, he was ever faithful and consistent in his efforts to follow in the footsteps of the man of Nazareth. He took an active interest in the Young Men's Chri.stian Association and did much to advance the interests of that beneficent organization. In politics he was a firm advo- cate of Republican principles, but never aspired to the honors or emoluments of public office. On the 2d of January. 1883. Mr. Shaw was united in marriage with Miss Lola Riker, of 998 OLD LANDMARKS Painesville, Ohio, a union which was blessed l5y the birth of two children, Marjorie R. and Donald M., both now attending school. Mrs. Shaw was born in Painesville. Lake county. Ohio. January 2^. i860. Her paternal grand- parents were Henry and Deborah Riker. the former of Holland Dutch extraction and the latter of an iild and prominent Quaker family of Long Island. Henry Riker came with his faniilv to Lake count}'. Ohir), in an early day and entered land in the neighlx irhocid uf Pairiesville. Here he lived the remainder of his days, dying there a number of }ears ago of old age. his wife haxing jjreceded him to the better land some rears. She was noted as an exceptionally intelligent wciman. jjossessed of large cajjacities for business. One of her brothers ac(|uired considerable note as a writer and |.)ublisiied several well-known books, pos- sessing much literary merit. Mrs. Shaw's father, Leander 15. Riker. was born in iH^f), on Long Island, Xew \"ork, or on a little island close by. called Riker's Islanrl. He was but a child when l)rought bv his parents to Ohio, and grew up amid the rude surroundings of his pioneer home in Lake countv. I'lJon attaining to years of maturity he established himself in business at Painesville. where he was fairly successful. During the war of the Rebellion be performed active and eflicient service in the conimis.sary de])artment of the United States army, retiring with a creditable record. In ■ politics he was a tirm and uncomijromising Re- publican and in religion was a faithful and con- sistent member of the Congregational church. His death occurred at Painesville in Augu.st, i5 : bis wife still survives at the age of sixty- two years. Their union was blessed b\- the birth of the following children: Lola. Mrs. Shaw: Henn-, who resides in .\kron. this state; Jennie became the wife of E. C Rodman, of Binghamton, New ^ork: Eva Louise is the wife of J. W. Hamlin, of Seattle, Washington ; Walter S., of W'illoughbv, Ohio: Alma E. and Ethel M. are still at home. Mrs. Shaw was educated m the public schools of Painesville and at a seminary at Hudson, Ohio. Upon com- pleting her education she began teaching in the schools of Columbus, where she was employed ft>r nearly three years, after which she taught for one year in the .schools of Lincoln. Illinois. After the death of her husband she resumed teaching in the scho(jls (jf Canton, and has since that time been continuously engaged as such. She is a memljer of the l-'irst I'resbyterian church of Canton and stands high in the es- teem of all who know her. ISRAEL BIXLER was born in Lake township. Stark county. Ohio, on the it)th of July, 1828, being a son of Da\i(l and Catherine (Reichard) Bixler, of whose thirteen children seven are living at the time of this writing, namely: Israel, who is the subject: David. w'ho is a resident of Indiana: Benjamin, who resides at .^])ring-held Lake, Summit county. Ohio; Henry, who is su])erintendent of the Stark county infirmary; William, who also re- sides at Springfield Lake; Louis. \vho is a resi- dent of the city of Cleveland, and Rca'. An- drew J., who is located in Rice county. Kan- sas. The father, David Bixler, was a native of the state of Marvland, where be w;is borti on the 6th of Ma\', i7<)'>. 1 lis ])arents died when he was a mere child, and he was t.nkcn into the home of Daniel Mark-lew with whom he came to Ohio when he was ten vears of age, in 1806. The family located in Lake township. Stark county, where David Bixler was reared to ma- turity. In ia])tist church and took a dee)3 interest in its work. His second wife entered into tiie life eternal and the\' rest side by side in the cemetery at Hartwell. Lake township. Israel Bixler was reared under the condi- tions and inHuences of the ]>ioneer epoch, early becoming inured to the arduous work of the farm, while the educational privileges afi^orded him were such as were to be had in the pioneer log school-house, w ith its puncheon floor, slab benches and other ])rimitive eijuiiiments. .\t the age of eighteen years Mr. Bixler went to Miami county, Indiana, where he was em- jiloyed in a nursery for a period of two \ears, and with the discovery of gold in California lie became seriously attacked with the prevail- ing "fever" aufl was one of the argonauts of the memorable \ear, rS4(;. having started forth in January of that year and made the trip by the way of the Isthmus of Panama, from wliich locality he made the remainder of the voyage to San I' ranci.sco on Ixjard of an old sailing vessel, whose every trip was attended with adfliti(inal hazard, .so unseaworthy had the boat become through years of battling with the elements. Mr. Bixler remained In the Golden state about four years, working in the placer mines fluring a portion of this period, while during the balance of his stay he owned and op- erateil a pack train of mules, b}- means (if which he transported provisions and supplies to the different mining camps w hich were inaccessible to wagons. Eventuall_\- the Indians killed most of his mules and he then purchased a saw-mill, which he operated for a short time, and in 1S53 he returned to Stark county, on this occasion making the trip by the way of the Xicaraugua route. I'pon reaching home he decided to supplement the somewhat meagre educational training- of his more xnuth- ful days, and with this eni\ in \iew entered tiie high school in the village of Marlljoro, where he continued his studies with marked zeal and earnestness for twT> terms. On the Sth of januar_\-. 1S54. shortly after leaving school, Mr. Bixler was united in mar- riage to Miss Sarah A. Smith, who was born in Lake township, being a daughter of George E. Smith, who was one of the early settlers in that township. After his marriage he located on the farm where he now resides, and here he has continued t(,i make his home for nearly a half century, within which he has metamorphosed the i)lace from a heavily timberefl tract, with little in the wav of improvements, into one of the line farms of the cpunt\- and one e(juipped with excellent Ijuildmgs and other evidence^ (^f thrifi and ])rosperity. For a time he operated 'the |)lace on shares, later rented the same in a direct way and finalh'. in 1806. purchased the ])roperty, which comprises one hundrerl and sixt)'-one acres of exceptionallv fertile land, the integrity of the soil ha\ing been maintained during all these years by means of proper handling of the .same in the way of rotation of crops, proper fertilizing, etc. To Mr. and Mrs. Bixler have been l>orn ten children, ccjncerning wJKim we offer a brief record, as follows: Orlando has charge of the old homestead; Le- ona is the wife of Da\i(l ITuft'man, of this township: M;irtlia remains at the jiarental lOOO OLD LANDMARKS home; Sarah is the wife of John C. Powell, of AVashington township; Byron is a successful farmer of Marlboro township ; Cora is the wife of David Holben, of Homer, Michigan: Lo- retta is the wife of William Lower, of Deer- field. Portage county, Ohio; and Elmer and Ellsworth are twins, the former residing in the city of Buffalo, New York, while the latter remains at the parental home. In politics Mr. Bixler was arrayed in sup- port of the Democratic party prior to i860, since which time he has been a zealous suppor- ter of the Republican party. He served seven years as township trustee and has ever taken a C. and Sarah (Price) Brown, both of whom were horn in Stark county, where the former was born about the year 1814 and the latter about 1817. Ja- cob C. Brown passed his early life on the old pioneer homestead in this county and here, as a youth, he learned the trade of brick and stone mason and plasterer. It is probable that he moved to .Seneca county shortly after his niar- riage, since two of his children who were oUler than our subject were likewise born in that county. Fin.'dly the health of our subject's mother became serioush- impaired and his f;i- ther fotmd it difficult to prn\'ide for his family. Unfler these conditions George W. and his }'Oungest brother, .\lvin M., aged respectively seven and four }-ears at the time, then went to live with a farmer, Daniel Tombaugh, who re- sided near West Tndei)cndence. Hancock coun- ty. Ohio, their mother dying shortly afterward. This worthy foster-father pro\'ed most kind and generous to the two Iions whom he thus reared, and his interest in ihem \\as a deep and I002 OLD LANDMARKS earnest (Tiie. as lie liad no cliildren of liis own. He was desirous that the boys should receive tlie Ijest possible e(hicational advantages, and it was also his wish that our subject should become a clergyman and the younger brother a physician. When the subject of this sketch was fifteen years (jf age, in 1855, Mr. T(jinbaugh disposed of his property in Hancock county and came to Stark county ;md ]iurchased a farm tnree- fourths of a mile distant from the x'illage ot Louisville. an of the brave boys in blue. On the ji>lh of .\|)nl. 1S61, he enli.sted as a pri- vate in Com])any C, I'ourteentb ( )hio N'olunteer Infantry, and was nnistered in at Cleveland, where the regiment remained a few weeks. Of tlie valiant and boiKinible militar\ recurd of .Mr. Ilrown we can not do better than to repro- d'lce a ])reviously |)ublished article pert.iining thereto : "From Cleveland the regiment weiit to West X'irginia, ;md Mr. lirown was first under fire at Philli]>pi, under Colonel Stead- man, who afterwards became a general. Tlie next engagement was at Bealington, under General Milroy, and they followed the C«jnfed- erates without their usual su])ply of clothing and provisions, and for tlieir supper at night iiad nothing except a piece of hardtack each. Oitr subject succeeded in getting a rubber over- coat which partly covered his bofh', for it rained all night. 'I'hev started after the Con- federates the next morning without breakfast and overtook therji at Carrick's l-'ord. where, after a hard-fought battle, the enemv was over- powered, riiey captured the rebel suiiplies. but got nothing to eat until noon the next clay, rvetuiming to Bealington, our subject suffered more with hunger than he did during- any subsequeiU time he w.as in service, Soon after the company rettii'iied lionie, at the ex- piration of the term of enhstment, tiie subject went to Williams countv . where he remained foiu' weeks. He then re-enlisted, for three years, in Company l\. Sixty-eighth r)hio \'ol- nnteer Infantry, and went into camjj at Cam]) I.atta, at .\'apoleon. Ohio. Later he was at ( amj) Chase, in Columbus, Ohio, and thence l^roceeded w'th his command to b'ort Dcjuelson, where he suffered intensely with cold. Once be built a fire, but was ordered to ])ut it out and did so. Ibiwever, as soon as the oftlcer had passed on, he built enough to keep his feet warm. His next engagement was at .Shiloh, t and he was in General Lew Wallace's brigade, which assisted General C,i-ant's arjny at tli;it battle, After this our subject was at Bolivar and Matamoras, and at the latter ])Iace saw his first shell from the enemv. Like manv others, he dodged it, and afterward fi'mnd that it was a f|iiarter of a mile awav from bini. He partici- ])ated in the entire siege of \'icksbui"g. and as- sisted in breaking the levee to turn the water in.to Louisiana. lie was in the battle of riiomp.son's Hill, where they charged the ene- mv just at nightfall and drove them out. He CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1003 was under General Ij)oan at the battle 111 Ray- mond, :uu\ nfterward at Jackson. Cliami)itiu Hills and Lilack River. .\t Vicksburg Mr. Brown re-enlisted as a veteran, went across the Mississippi and took part in the battle at Ba- ker's creek. Retnrnint^ U> V'icksbiiiTg. he ob- tained a \eterau furlough tor thirty days and went home, i)assinu his time partly in Stark and i)artl\- in Wdliams county. Returning to bis command. Mr. lirown was at the front in the engagement ;it I'.ig Shanty, and soon after- ward be had the oi)i)ortunity of watching a bat- tle without being engaged in it, and was so sit- uated ibat lu Could watch the a])proach of both armies, .\ftertbis he was in man\" skirmishes until the arnn reached .\tlanta. where he was out a.s ,'1 skirmisher and unconsciousU' saved his life by stepping back just as a bullet jjassed along his vest. He was chased b_\' the enemy Iriit managed to escape b\- hiding. He bad still another narro.w escajjc from injury at .\tlanta. a ball passing through one of his stockings. Mr. Brown was with ( leneral Sherman in bis march to the sea. and from Savannah went to South Caroiin.a. where he was appointed to take charge of a fora.ge detail, having com- mand of the same for five months, or until the clf)se of the war. lie bad man\- narrow esca])es but was e\er readx' for duty. .\.fter the cessation of hostilities Mr. Brown took pavt in the Grand Rexiew at \\ ashington, and was mustered out ^it Louis\'ille. Kentucky, receix'- iug bis honorable discharge on the lOtb of Julv. 1865. He enlisted as a ])ri\-aie, but just before reaching .\tlanta he was ])romoted to tiie rank of sergeant." Having j^rovec' himself a leal and loyal son of the republic and having followed the old flag on many a sanguinary battle field, Mr. Brown returned to Stark countv and forthwith resumed bis work of pre])aring to battle ef- fecti\el\- ;is a leader in the ranks of the church militant. Through a course^ of jirivate reading of tbeolog\- lie ])rci)ared himself for the active work of the ministry of the Evangelical Asso- ciation, and in January, 1867, he was mar- ried, and tile following March entered the con- ference and was assigned to a charge at Demp- seytown, Venango county, Pennsylvania, where he remained two years. Tlieieaftcr be passed one year in Oil City and two years in Linesville, tliai state, and was then assigned to the Stark circuit of Stark county, Ohio, where he la- bored effectixely for oiie year, at the ex])iration o| which lime be was gixen ;i pastorate at Soulhington. 'rrnmbull counl\-. where he re- mained two years, and his assignments subse- (|uently to this ma_v be briefly noted as follows: V.asl Libert) , Summit county, three years, with- in which he was sent as a delegate two years in succession to the general board of missions; then on the A'enango circuit, in t larion cov.n- ty, Pennsyb.-ania, two yeai"s, and within tliis time he was a delegate to the general confer- ence in Ohicago. Pater be accepted a ])astorate in the city of Des Moines, low.a. where he i"e- mained one year, when his health became seri- ously im])aired through rheumatism, and finally his friends sent him to i lot .Springs, .\rkansas, where bis injpnnement was immediate. L'pon returning to his charge his difticult\- soon gi-ew- worse again, and he thus returned to his home iri Sta.rk county, where be gradualK recuper- ated bis health, and he finally went to Shenan- go. Mercer county, Pennsylvania, where he filled a ))astorate for three years, going thence to South ]'"ork. in the .\lleglian\- mountains, where be was j^ractically cured of bis rheu- matic troubles. While there he was near the dam abo\-e Johnstown at the time when it broke and resulted in the terrible calamity known in the annals of histor_\- ;is the Johns- town Hood. Mr. Brown wrote a s])ii"ite(l .and interesting descri]jtion of the scene, of which he was an eve-witness. His wife and daugh- ter had returned from the valley only a few mo- ments before the terrible ve to a place I004 OLD LANDMARKS of safety. Mr. Brown's only son. Frank D., a young man of twenty years, went to work in Johnstown immediately after the flood had subsided, doing' all possible for the relief of the suffering and the disposing of the unfortunate victims of the deluge, and he there contracted typhoid fever, which resulted in his death, thus sacrificing his life on the altar of humanity. The subject remained at South Fork for two years after this ever memorable catastro- phe, and the period was one of devoted labori and one of sympathetic work for nian\- who had been bereaxed in the community through this cataclysm. He was thereafter for one year pastor of the Fulton Street Evangelical church, in the cit}' of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and AX'hile there was appointed delegate to the gen- eral conference, held in Philadelphia. In 1890 he was ap])ointefl a member of a committee of three to which was assigned the duty of bring- ing suit against the head of the Evangelical Puliiishing Company in the city of Cleveland, and the first decision was in favor of the com- plainants. In the following year he was re- appointed a member of the committee on liti- gation, by the general conference, and the dif- ficulty was finally adjusted by the conference purchasing the stock of the publishing com- pany, and the paper published has since been continued as the official organ of the church. Mr. Brown had taken a prominent part in the litigation, and has written a number of articles pertinent thereto, while he also became a stock- holder and director in the Evangelical Publish- in.g Company, of Harrisburg, Penn.sylvania. As a result of the litigation mentioned a dis- sension occurred in the church, resulting in its division and the material weakening of its work, so that Mr. Brown found it impossible to longer properly maintain himself and his family through his ministerial labors, and he decided to turn his attention to other fields of endeavor, and thus located in the village of Fairhope, Stark county, where he has since maintained his home. His foster-father and benefactor, Mr. Tombaugh, died on the 5th of August, 1891. making Mr. Brown his sole heir, and the estate was sufficient to relieve him of further, financial worriments. In 1892 he was appointed postmaster of Fairhope, under, the administration of President Harrison, and he has ever since remained incumbent of this of- fice, while in connection with the duties of this position he has also conducted a successful grocery business since 1897. In 1895 ^^^'• Brown established and equipped an excellent greenhouse and gave special attention to the propagation of a fine order of plants, and he has succeeded in building up a large mail-order business, shipping his products into the most di\-erse sections of the Union. This floriculture department of his business is now in the active charge of his son-in-law, Mr. Hershey. In politics Mr. Brown is a standi advocate of the principles of the Republican party, and in 1899 he was the candidate of his party for represent- ative in the state legislature, while in 1901 he was the candidate for the state senate on the same ticket, but his pronounced o])posi- tion ti) the liquor traffic led to such active work on the part of those favoring the same that he was defeated on each occasion, though he carried every precinct where he was known, securing the almost unanimous endorsement of Nimishillen township and a strong support in other sections of the county where his ster- ling worth and abilitv were recog'uized. On the 27th of January, 1867. Mr. Brown was united in marriage to Miss Sophia J- Grant, whose paternal grandfather Axas a second cousin of the father of the late General U. S. Grant. She was born in Stark countv, near the city of Alliance, on the 14th of January, i8.|.5, being a dan.ghter of Stacy and Mar\' (Schaf- fer) Grant. Mr. and Mrs. Brown became the parents of two children, namely: Frank D., who was born at Dempseytown, Pennsvlvania, on the T2th of December, 1868, and M-ho was CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1005 in the very bloom of his noble young manhood when his life was cut short b_\- death, on the 29th of October. 1889. under conditions al- ready noted in this context ; and Iva E. is the wife of Harley L. Hershe}-, of Fairhope, and they ha\e two childr,en, Ethel F. and Herbert Bennett. Mr. Brown is identified with the Grand Army of the Republic, being a valued comrade of McKinley Post No. 25, at Canton. The eldest sister of the subject, Mrs. Martha Hallis, is a widow and resides in Iowa; his sister Eliza is the widow of Jfiities E. Green, and resides in Little Rock, Arkansas; William H., his next youngest brother, served three years during the Civil wan and is now a resi- dent of Springvale, Oklahoma, being a bache- lor; and the youngest brother, Alvin M., who was likewise reared and educated by Daniel Tombaugh, enlisted in the One Hundred and Seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and met his death in a charge at Chancellorsville. CLARENCE E. EXLINE, M. D.,is proud to claim Ohio as the state of his nativity and this pride is in no wise diminished but rather heightened by the fact of his ha\-ing been born and reared in the old historic county of Stark. His natal month was August, the year, 1871, and the locality where he first saw the light of day, the village of Battleburg, in Pike town- ship. The Doctor's youthful experience in- cluded the usual seasons of work and recreation A\'hich, from three to four months during the winter seasons, furnished the basis of his in- tellectual training. Early in life he w-as thrpwn upon his own resources and it was only by hard work that he was enabled to prosecute his studies further than the public school course could take him. When about eighteen years old he entered Mt. Union College, paying his tuition there Avith money earned by working on a brick yard at Waynesburg. After at- tending that institution (Mie year .and finding- it -impossible to finish the course desired, he again secured employment on the brick yard with the object in view of carrying out 'a long standing desire to prepare himself for the med- ical profession. When he had acquired suf- ficient means to pay the tuition and meet the necessary living expenses, he entered, in 1894, the Ohio Medical Uni\'ersity at Columbus, and after prosecuting his studies there about thrpe years was graduated on the 6th of April, 1897, with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. The same month that witnessed his gradua- tion marked the beginning of Dr. Exline's ca- reer as a physician, as he at once opened an office in Canton and began the practice of his profession under favorable auspices. Anxious to solve the mysteries of medical science, he has done all in his power to perfect himself in his chosen calling and as a result now enjoys distinctive prestige among his professional asso- ciates, besides having a large and lucrative busi- ness in Canton and adjacent country. A stu- dent and a thinker, his course has been in keeping with the progress of modern medical thought and with his past success "as a cri- terion his man}- friends predict for him still greater progress with the passing years. Dr. Exliiie is identified .with the Canton Medical Society, the Stark County Academy of Medi- cine. Northeastern Ohio Medical Society, and the American iMedical Association, keeping in close touch with the deliberations of these dififerent bodies. Dr. Exline is a linn belie\er in revealed re- ligion and looks upon the visible churches as an influential factor for the promotion of Christ's kingdom in the worjd. He is a mem- ber of the Simpson Methodist Episcopal church of Canton and holds several official po- sitions in the same, including the chairman- ship of the music committee and the trustee- ship. He belongs to the Pythian order, Ben Hur fraternity. Foresters, Modern Woodmen of the World and the Order of Eagles, all but ioo6 OLD LANDMARKS tlie first nnmed being based upon the lirinciple (if life insui>ince. In poHtics the Doctor is a Repubiicjin of the most orthodox stani]) ami since his twenty-first year has maintained a hve- Iv interest in the success of the part}'. Person- al 1\ he is a. "entleman of pleasing presence, easily ap])roaclial)le and his ([niet dignity antl conrteous demeanor have won him many friends in the best social circles of the com- munity. Dr. b'-xline's marriage with Miss Le- nora Hester Miller, of Columljus, Ohio, was solemnized on the /th day of April, 1897, the same month and vear in which he entered upon his professi(.inal career in the citv of Canton. SAMUEL I'. De\'AU.\ was born in the village of H.arrisburg, Ninnshillen township. Stark county, Ohio, on tiie 1st of August, 1859, being one of the fourteen children of Peter and Christena (Snyder) De\ aux, and of his fam- ily ten sur\i\e. namely, just}' J., who is a resident of the cit} of Toledo, this state; Rev. Peter F., who is a clergyman of the Evangelical church and resides in Baltimore, Ohio: Re\'. Martin, who is a clerg^•man of the same church and a resident of Mount Pleasant, Pennsyl- vania; Samuel I'., who is the inimediate sub- ject of this sketch; William, who is a painter and contractor in the city of St. Louis, Mis- souri, and who was for tw'o years president of the Trades & Labor L'nion of America ; Jacob, who is assistant ticket agent of the Lake Shore iV Michigan Southern Railroad in New York city; Ida, who is the wife of Thomas Fred- ericks, of that city; Leoda, who is the wife of Charles Giblin, who is likewise a resident of the national metropolis ; Bessie, who is the wife of Thomas O'Brien, of New York city; and I'Jla, who is the wife of David H. Overbaugh, of Elmira. New York. Peter DeVaux, father of the subject, was born in France, in the year , 1826, and when he was a boy he accompanied bis parents on their emigration to America, the faniily taking up their residence in the village of l'loberts\'ille, Paris townshi]). Stark county, Ohio, where were located man\' citizens of I'^'ench extraction. There Peter DeV'aux was reared to maturit}-. and there he learned the trade of shoemaking. tn wliicli he devoted his attention for, man\- years, while he also found his services in much requisition as an auction- eer. Pie received but little education in a technical sense, but could speak with great Hu- encv the English. l''rench and (icrman lan- guages and was 'i man of very alert nientality and marked btisiness acumen. He lived for var}- ing intervals, after his marriage, in Roberts- \illp. Paris, ITarrisburg, Louis\'ille and hair- hope, this county, and was a resident of the last named place at tlie tinie of his death, which oc- curred in 1876; be was killed l)v a train while crossing the railroad track in that \'illage. In pf)litics he was a stanch Democrat and his re- ligious faith \vas that i>t the Catholic church, in which he was reared. riic mother of the sv.bject was born in b'ayette county, Penns}l- \'ania, about 183J, being of (ierman ancestry, and she now lixes in New \'ork cit\' with her youngest s \\''illiam Welch, now venerable in years and revered as one of the patriarch pioneers of the county, is residing in Indiana, while his loved and devoted wife, whose maiden name was Mary Jane Smith, died in Pike township, at the age of sixty years. William Welcli was born in Rose township, Carroll county, Oliio, where his parents settled in the early pioneer epoch and where he was reared and educated. His wife was a daughter of the late Milton Smith, who was one of the early settlers in Sandy township, Tuscarawas county, this state, where he held the office of justice of the peace for many years, being a man of influence in the community. When the subject was about one year of age his parents removed to Pike township, and here he has passed practically his entire life, which has lieen prolific in good works in various fields of endeavor. As a youth he contributed his quota to the work of the home farm, while his early educational disci- pline was received in the district schools. En- dowed by nature with a peculiarly alert and MR. AND MRS. S. H. WELQH. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1033 receptive mentality, he soon became interested in his studies and his ambition was quickened to the point of action, and he could not remain satisfied with such advantages as were offered in the common schools. Accordingly, at the age of twenty-two, we find him duly matricu- lated in the Northwestern Ohio Normal Uni- versity, at Ada, where in due course of time he completed the scientific course, being graduated at a member of the class of 1884. Long be- fore this, however, he had become eligible for pedagogic honors, having initiated his work in this line as a teacher in the district schools of Pike township when he was but seventeen years of age, while from that time forward he continued in the active work of the pedagogic profession in his native county until 1901, with the exception of two years. His success was of pronounced type and his popularity in the educational field of the most unmistakable order. He now resides on a fine farm in Pike township, having here given his attention to agricultural pursuits since the year 1895, though other demands placed upon his time suffer no neglect. In 1899, as candidate on the Republican ticket, Mr. Welch was elected to the office of justice of the peace, for a term of three years, and in the spring of 1902 he was chosen as his own successor in this ofihCe, in which his services had proved so acceptable as to win him the commendation of all classes. For two terms I\lr. W^elch was incumbent of the office of township clerk, and since 1901 he has been a valued member of the board of education, his zeal in the cause never having wavered. He is a man of broad and comprehensive reading" and ■fine intellectuality, having the courage of his convictions and demanding the approval of conscience of every action of his life, so that he stands a distinct individual and one worthy of the objective confidence and esteem so uni- formly accorded him. He has been a stanch advocate of the principles and policies of the Republican party from the time of attaining his legal majority, and his first presidential vote was cast for the lamented General Garfield. From the foregoing context it will be seen that the subject has made his influence potently felt along avenues of definite and helpful utility, but his labors have not ended here, for he has been particularly active in church work, in which his zeal and devotion have been unflag- ging. In the winter of 1878-9 he became a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, but in i8q8 he withdrew from fellowship in this communion and identified himself with the United Brethren church, in whose temporal and spiritual work he has ever since taken an active part. At the age of twenty years he be- came superintendent of the Sunday school, and as such he has ever since continued to serve, while he has also been called to various ofificial positions in this very important department of church work. For the past four years he has been superintendent of the Sunday school of the church at Otterbein. Since February, 1899, he has been a member of the county executive committee on Sunday school work in Stark county, and he served for four years as presi- dent of the Pike Township Sunday School Association, an inter-denominational organiza- tion whose functions have been exercised in a most beneficent v/ay. Fraternally he is identi- fied with Thomas Jefferson Council No. 100, Junior Order of United American Mechanics, at North Industry. In the city of Canton, on the 23d of March, 1884, Mr. Welch was united in marriage to Miss Harriet Hines, a daughter of the late Washington Hines, who died in Pike township, in 1883, at the age of seventy- two years, one of the honored pioneer citizens of the county. Flis widow, whose maiden name was Christina J. Hockensmith, died in the same township in 1894, in her eightieth year. Mrs. Welch was born in this township, on the 8th of January, 1857, and is a woman of gracious and gentle refinement, being, like her husband, an active I034 OLD LANDMARKS and devoted member of the United Brethren church. They have three children, Earl H., Howard and Edna. OTTO E. ©BERLIN was born in the above township September 25, 1853, as was also his father. \\''illiam E. Oberlin, who first saw the light of day on the paternal homestead Alarch 9, 1S22. For a number of years Will- iam C. Oberlin was one of the most successful and popular teachers of Stark county and as an intelligent, broad-minded, progressi\e man. he made his influence felt in the community, having filled various official capacities and on account of his mature judgment and superior business qualifications was frequently employed to settle estates and adjust affairs requiring much more than a superficial knowledge of the law. He served his township thirty years as justice of the peace and much important liti- gation was brought to his court, his rulings and decisions being noted for their fairness and im- partiality. He had a sound legal mind, lent dignity to the position and it is a matter of rec- ord that few appeals were taken from him to higher courts. He was also assessor a number of terms, filled the office of township clerk twelve years in succession, was long a notary public and is said to have written more deeds and drawn up more legal papers than any man in the county outside the cities of Canton and Massillon. He was one of the useful men of his day and generation, a member of the Re- formed church and a Democrat in politics. In his death, which occurred on the i8th of April, 1895, the people of the township felt a personal and grievous loss. Susan Dague. who became the wife of William C. Oberlin and the mother of his children, was borji in 1832, in Pennsyl- vania, and when about five years old was brought by her parents. Jacob and Margaret (Oberly) Olierlin. to Wayne countv, Ohio, where she grew to maturity. She pro\'ed a de- voted companion and fit helpmeet, nobly ful- filled the duties of wifehood and motherhood and preceded her husband to the tomb, dying in Februar}'. 1891. The following are the names of the children constituting the family of this estimable couple: Otto E., whose name furnishes the caption of this sketch; Albert B. ; Charles D. ; Sanford J. and Jennie ]\I., all but Sanford J. living. Otto E. Oberlin was early accustomed to labor and worked with his father on the farm until a young man in his teens, attending the common schools during the winter months, sub- sequently taking a course in the Smithville Normal for the purpose of preparing himself for teaching. He received his first teacher's license in 1876, and during the seven years fol- lowing was engaged in educational work in Stark count}', winning while thus employed an honorable record as an instructor. His brother Albert is also an educator and for twenty-six years has taught in the Stark county schools, being at this time principal of one of the leading schools of iNIassillon. In 1881 these two broth- ers became associated in the stove and hardware business at Bellevue, this state, and the firm thus constituted lasted about six years, at the expiration of which time the subject disposed of his interest in the house and turned his at- tention to the pursuit of agriculture. After re- maining on his farm two years, he established himself in the g'eneral mercantile business at Stanwood and when a postofiice was established at the village in 1895 he took charge of the same, his commission as postmaster dating from May 1 2th of that year. He now commands a large share of patronage in the lines of goods with which his establishment is plentifully- stocked and in addition to his business interests and official duties also looks after his farm, a fine and admirably situated place not far from, the town limits. Mr. Olierlin is public spirited and a natural leader in the aft'airs of his town and township. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1035 He has served as assessor and while a resident of Bellevue was a member of the school board for several years, besides taking an active part in promoting- the business and general growth of that place in other than official capacities. Since old enough to wield the elective franchise he has been an ardent supporter of the Demo- cratic party and at the present time is one of its leaders in his township Mr. Oberlin married Miss Mary F. Welty on the 23d day of December, 1880, who died May 4, 1895, after bearing the following chil- dren : May, Edward W., Jessie F. and Helen, all living. On the 25th day of November, 1895, the subject married his present companion, Jane F. Poyser, of Canton, a union without is- sue. Mr. and Mrs. Oberlin are highly respected members of the Reformed church of Stanwood and their home is well known to the best society people of the town and surrounding country. Both maintain an abiding interest in all move- ments for the good of the community taking an active part in ministering to comfort of the poor and unfortunate and contributing with generous hands to further all charitable and benevolent work. SAMUEL R. MILLER was born Novem- ber 29, 1825, in Stark county, Ohio, the son of Jonathan and Sarah Miller, mentioned else- where in these pages. Of his early life and youthful experiences little need be said save he remained with his parents on a farm in Stark county until passing his minority, the meanwhile, like all country boys, being reared to habits of industry" and instructed in the les- sons of integrity and rectitude that make for sterling manhood and honorable citizenship. For some years he attended the common schools in the neighborhood in which he was raised and also received instruction in a private insti- tution of learning, later supplementing this dis- cipline by the wide reading and intelligent ob- servations which ha\e made him one of the well informed men of his community. Mr. Miller elected to become a farmer and he has never had any reason to regret the choice of the above vocation to which his life and energies have been devoted. Mr. Miller continued to prosecute his labors until, by reason of infirmi- ties incident to advancing age, he retired from active life, having by industry and the suc- cessful management of his business afifairs ac- quired a sufficiency of temporal wealth to make him independent for the remainder of his days. From his youth he has been character- ized by industry and energy, ever maintaining an abiding interest in the material prosperity of his township and taking a leading part in all matters relating to the advancement of agri- culture. For many years he was a supporter of the Republican party, but of late has been a stanch Prohibitionist, the principles of which he upholds with a tenacity of purpose which convinces all with whom he comes in contact of the strength and deep sincerity of his con- victions. His views of religious truth are like- wise clear and decided, believing with his whole heart and soul the doctrines and tenets of the Methodist Episcopal church as laid down in the standards of that body. Mr. Miller was married May 10, 1853, to Sarah Ann Slusser, who was born in Tus- carawas township in the )'ear 1827, the daugh- ter of ]Michael and Catherine Slusser, who were among the early pioneers of Stark county. Two children have been born to this union, the older of whom, Charles S., resides in Brook- field, this state, where he is engaged in the coal business. His wife, who was formerly Miss Lena Houriet, has presented him with the fol- lowing children : Harry L., Nina, Grace and Russell. The subject's second child is a daugh- ter by the name of Bell, now the widow of Absalom Miller, who died September 16, 1901. She is the mother of nine children, of whom the following are living, Nora, William, Ida, Edith, f036 OLD LANDMARKS Hester A., Rhoda and Hazel. Nora married John Bremer, of this county, and has one daugh- ter, Gladys. Ida is the wife of David Edwards and the mother of one child by the name of Venice. Edith entered the marriage relation with Joseph Davis, a union blessed with a daughter who goes by .the name of Grace. Sarah Newsletter, who married Jonathan Miller and became the mother of the subject of this sketch, was the daughter of Conradt and Mary Newsletter, the father a native of Switzerland, When a youth he was sold by his guardians to Napoleon Bonaparte and com- pelled to become a soldier in the army com- manded by the great emperor. Not relishing such enforced service, he waited for a favor- able opportunity to desert, after which he suc- ceeded in making his escape to the United States, and spent the rest of his life in Tuscarawas township, Stark county, Ohio. In closing this brief review, it is proper to state that ]\Ir. Miller has always been an active participant in the public affairs of the township, having served the public very satisfactorily as trustee, besides filling other minor official positions. Like the majority of mankind, he has been compelled to pass through the deep waters of bereavement, his loving and faithful compan- ion having been taken from him on the 5th day of June, 1900. REV. MERIT McCLELLAN RADER traces his genealogy to Germany, from which country certain of his paternal ancestors came to America in an early day and were among the pioneer settlers of Ohio. His grandfather, Christian Rader, was a native of Fairfield county, this .state, and for a number of years worked at the carpenter's trade in the town of Baltimore. He married a Mrs. Spitler, who was also born in the county of Fairfield, and reared sons and daughters, among the former being John Rader, whose birth occurred in the village of Baltimore about the year 1829. He also learned carpentry, but later turned his attention to cabinet-making, in which he became a very efficient workman. In his young man- hood he married Miss Mary Magdaline Miller, daughter of Peter Miller, whose wife belonged to one of the earliest pioneer families of Fair- field county. Peter Miller was born in the above county, where his father, a native of Pennsyl- vania, settled when the country was little less than a wilderness. The Millers were prom- inent members of the United Brethren church and it was in their little log cabin that the earliest religious services of that denomina- tion in the county of Fairfield were held. The wife of Peter Miller, a noble woman, whose name is still held in veneration among the peo- ple of the community in which she formerly resided, lived to a green old age, dying in her ninety-first year; her husband preceded her to the other world, departing this life when about forty-five years old. Mrs. Mary M. Rader was born about 1837 in Fairfield county, grew to mature years there and is a lady of many sterl- ing qualities of head and heart, well fitted to adorn the station of life to which she has been called. After his marriage John Rader moved to a small farm adjoining the village of Balti- more, but not finding agriculture to his taste he .abandoned the pursuit after a few years of unsuccessful trial and resumed the trade of cabinet-making and carpentry in the above town. Subsequently he changed his abode to the little village of Carroll, in the county of Fairfield, where he now resides. Mr. Rader was reared according to the doctrines and rather strict usages of the Presbyterian faith, but later became a member of the Reformed church, of which body he is still an earnest and faithful communicant. Politically he has been a life-long Democrat, supporting his opinions with the same zeal as he maintains the sound- ness of his moral and religious principles. The following are the names of the children born CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 1037 to John and Mary Magdaline Rader : Wilbur died in infancy; Anna C. is now the wife of W. J. Miller, of Steubenville, Ohio; Julius L. is a resident of Chicago, Illinois ; Esther E. is the widow of the late Enoch Langel, of Fair- field county ; Merit McClellan, whose name in- troduces this article; Milo, also a resident of the county of Fairfield, where he married Annie Morrow, and Earl, who died when quite young. Rev. Merit Rader was born May 6, 1862, in the little village of Basil, Fairfield county, Ohio, and grew to maturity in the neighbor- hood where he first saw the light of day. Blessed with excellent parentage, there were early implanted in his mind and heart those principles of moral rectitude and correct conduct which had a decided influence in shaping his future course of life, and hand in hand with his instruction went the best educa- tional discipline the district schools afforded. When old enough, he found plenty to do on the farm and between labor of this kind in the summer time and attending school of winter seasons, he spent the iirst eighteen years of his Hfe. His parents being in comparatively Hmited circumstances, he began when a mere youth to depend upon his own exertions for a livelihood, securing, as already stated, employ- ment as a farm laborer and devoting his at- tention to that line of occupation until there came to him the idea that greater opportuni- ties for advancement were to be found in some other vocation. Accordingly he learned teleg- raphy and after becoming an efficient operator he secured a position with the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Com.pany, being placed in charge of an office in Chicago, Illinois, where he remained for a period of two years. After discharging the duties of his position about fourteen months he returned to his native coun- ty where, on the 27th of September, 1887, he was united in the bonds of wedlock to Miss Mary C. Swartz, whose birth occurred in the same county February 18, 1858. Resuming his post at Chicago station, he continued there about ten months, at the expiration of which time he resigiied with the object in view of engaging in the mercantile business in his home town. After a short visit with his parents Mr. Rader effected a copartnership with J. J. Hans- berger, and during the six years following the farm thus constituted conducted a general store in Baltimore, meeting with encouraging suc- cess in the enterprise. It was while thus en-- gaged that Mr. Rader's plans were radically changed by a circumstance which directed his future into a channel entirely different from that of commerce or any other kind of secular pursuit. This was the meeting at Baltimore of the conference of the United Evangelical church, in the deliberation of which the subject took an active part. Having embraced religion a number of years before and demonstrated not only piety but a remarkable ability in the art of public discourse, he was persuaded by the bishop and many of his friends to accept a preachers license and devote the remainder of his life to the ministry of the word. Feeling the weight of these importunities and realiz- ing that his duty lay in the direction of public service for the Master, he finally consented to accept the license, with the promise that he be permitted time in which to prepare himself by taking a theological course. This being granted, he closed out his business and entered the Biblical Seminary at Dayton, where he at once addressed himself assiduously to his studies, completing the prescribed English course and graduating in May, 1S96. Actuated by a laudable desire to prosecute his researches still further in order that he might be more proficient in his holy office, Mr. Rader subse- quently became a student of the Moody Insti- tute at Chicago, but hardly had he begun his labors in that institution when he was requested by one of the bishops to take the important charge at Greensburg, Summit county, Ohio, I038 OLD LANDMARKS one of the largest and most influential United Evangelical churches in the eastern part of the state. Rev. Rader's appointment to this church was a recognition of his ability as well as a compliment to his high personal standing and genuine worth. He entered upon the dis- charge of his duties no wtithout some trepida- tion, but from the first his labors were highly satisfactory and successful, as is attested by the substantial growth of the church materially and spiritually during the four years of his pastorate. Severing his connection with the church at Greensburg at the expiration of that time, he assumed pastoral control of the Trinity United Evangelical church at Canton, with which he has since labored with great accept- ance, his efforts resulting in many accessions to the congregation and a more devoted con- secration on the part of the entire member- ship. Rev. Rader is a man of strong mentality and he brought to his work a mind well forti- fied with intellectual culture and tlieological training. A natural orator, he is fluent in the use of language, arranges lais discourses with much study and care, presents the precepts to divine truth with logic and force and seldom fails to interest and deeply impress the most careless and indifferent and satisfy the critical auditor. A profound student of the Sacred Scriptures, a knowledge of which is the suc- cessful minister's greatest tower of strength, also a close reader of the best current re- ligious literature, but first of all a devoted dis- ciple of the Nazarene, he avails himself of every opportunity to increase his effectiveness in his sacred office. Mr. and Mrs. Rader have a pleasant and happy home, but, like the majority of human kind, they have been made to feel the hand of bereavement laid heavily upon them. Two of their three children, Edith and Milo Richard, budded on earth to bloom in Paradise, both dying in infancy. The first born, RajTnond by name, a bright lad in whom many fond hopes are centered, is a ' student in the schools of Canton. JOHN D. FOLK is of the third generation of the family in Stark county, his grandfather, Peter Folk, having come hither from Penn- sylvania about 1820 and entered claim to an entire section of land, the deed to which was signed by James Madison, who was then Presi- dent of the United States. The brothers made an equal division of the property, and Peter became the owner eventually of three hundred and twenty acres, in Nimishillen township, the present homestead of our subject being an integral portion of the ancestral estate. The land was entirely unreclaimed when the grand- father here took up his abode in the little log cabin which he had erected in the midst of the forest wilds, making a small clearing for this purpose. Here there fell to his lot the usual experiences of the pioneer, and his name merits a place of honor as one of the founders of the county and as a man of industry, in- tegrity and sterling worth. On this old home- stead farm, which is now his home, John D. Folk was born, the date of his nativity having been May 2, 1847, ^vhile he was the fourth in order of birth of a family of six children, of whom four survive, namely : Elizabeth, who has never married and who has passed her en- tire life in Nimishillen township; Rebecca, who is the wife of Samuel Snyder, of this township ; Henry, concerning whom individual mention is made elsewhere in this volume ; and John D., subject of this sketch. The parents of these children were John and Elizabeth (Dice) Folk, the former of whom was born in York county, Pennsylvania, about 1S13. while the latter was bom in Pennsylvania in 181 1. John Folk was about eight years of age at the time when his parents removed from Pennsylvania to Stark countv, and here he was reared on the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1039 pioneer farm, his educational advantages be- ing meager, owing to the exigencies of the time and place, the schools being few and of the most primitive character. After his marriage he settled on a portion of the home farm, which had been divided among the three sons, his portion comprising one hundred and sixty acres. Here he continued to reside until his death, having made excellent improvements on his homestead and having brought the same under effective cultivation, a large portion of the land having been cleared by him. He died on the 3d of October, 1879, at the age of sixty- six years, his wife surviving him by about a decade, being summoned into eternal rest on the 30th of March, 1886, at the age of seventy- five years. In politics the father of the subject originally gave his support to the Whig party, but after the Republican party was organized he transferred his allegiance to the same, and ever afterward was a stalwart advocate of its principles. He and his wife are both devoted members of the Lutheran church, exemplify- ing their faith in their daily walk and con- versation. John D. Folk was reared to maturity on the old homestead farm, and he early became inured to the arduous labors involved in im- proving and cultivating the ancestral acres, his services being in such constant requisition that his educational advantages as a boy were very limited, while the facilities afforded in the line were only such as were to be had in the little country school house, some distance from his home, but in the latter years of earnest toil and endeavor, through personal application and association with his fellow men, he has been able to effectively round out his store of knowledge and is a man of broad infor- mation and strong mentality. Upon attain- ing his legal majority he was associated with his elder brother in conducting the farm on shares, and after the death of their father, in 1879. they purchased the property and still own the same in partnership, though our sub- ject now has practically the entire charge, since in 1894 his brother removed to another farm in the township. Mr. Folk is thoroughly pro- gressive in his methods, and is ever ready to take advantage of improvements in systems or in mechanical devices which will facilitate the work of the farm. He was reared in the faith of the Republican party, and has never vacillated in his political allegiance, though he has never been an aspirant for office. He is not a member of any religious organization, but has ever stood ready to aid in church work and in the furthering of collateral be- nevolences. On the 27th of December, 1878, Mr. Folk was united in marriage to Miss Emma Miller, who was born in Louisville, this county, being a daughter of the late Peter Miller, who was there engaged in the undertaking business for many years, being one of the honored pioneers of the county. Mr. Miller came to Stark coun- ty in 1834, and his death occurred August 17, 1900, his widow passing away February 17, 1901. Mr. and Mrs. Folk have one child, Gertrude, who still remains at the parental home. OLIVJiR BRUMBAUGH was born on a farm in Lake township, this county, on the 7th of September, 1862, being the only child of Daniel and Anna (Yoder) Brumbaugh. Daniel Brumbaugh was likewise a native of Stark county, having been born in Marlboro township m 1837, a son of George and Eliza- beth (Hoover) Brumbaugh, who were num- bered among the honored pioneers of the county, where both died when well advanced in years. The father of the subject was reared on the old homestead farm, having such edu- cational advantages as were afforded by the district schools of the locality and period, and after his marriage he located in Lake township. 1040 OLD LANDMARKS where he purchased a farm of eighty acres, upon which he continued to reside for nine years, at the expiration of which he disposed of the property and purchased the home farm of his father-in-law, Christian Yoder, in Nimi- shillen township, where he died two years later, at the early age of thirty-three years, being thus cut off in the very prime of his young manhood, though he had fully demonstrated his powers as an able and faithful man of business and shown himself to be dominated and guided by a spirit of the most absolute integrity and honor. He was a Democrat in his political proclivities, and his religious views were in harmony with the tenets of the Dunk- ard church. His wife, who was bom in Nimi- shillen township, ever remained faithful to the memory of the husband of her youth and died at her home in the village of Louisville, Octo- ber 14, 1902. Oliver Brumbaugh was but eight years of age at the time of his father's death, but his mother remained on the homestead farm, and there he was reared to maturity, while he re- ceived his early educational discipline in the public schools. Realizing the exigencies of the case and the weight of the burden resting on the shoulders of his devoted mother, he put his shoulder against the wheel when but thir- teen years of age and practically assumed the management of the home farm, sparing him- self no effort that would insure the best re- sults in the way of returns from the products of field and meadow, while the experience which he gained thus early has proved of in- estimable value to him in the later years of his active and successful business career. On the 15th of March, 1889, Mr. Brum- baugh was united in marriage to Miss Tamzon Houston, who was born in Washington town- ship, this county, being a daughter of John and Catherine (Smith) Houston, her father being numbered among the representative pioneer farmers of that township. After his marriage the subject continued to devote his attention to the operation of the home farm, while his mother took up her residence in the village which is now her home. In 1894 Mr. Brum- baugh purchased an interest in the Louisville Brick and Tile Company, and two years later be was made superintendent of the works, the plant being one of the most extensive of the sort in the county and controlling a large busi- ness. The homestead farm is now rented and he devotes practically his entire time to his official duties in the connection noted, having proved himself a business man of rare exec- utive ability and holding the confidence of all with whom he comes in contact. He manifests a commendable concern in all that touches the welfare of his home community and his native county, his political support being given to the Republican party. Since assuming the super- intendency of the brick and tile works he has maintained his residence in Louisville, where he has a pleasant home and one in which the refined amenities of life are ever in evidence. He and his wife have two children, Mary and John. REV. WILLIAM E. TURNER, the pop- ular and efficient pastor of the Church of God in Canton and a man widely and favorably known in the ecclesiastical circles of that de- nomination throughout Ohio, is descended pa- ternally from English ancestry and there also flows in his veins the blood of a long line of Danish antecedents who many years ago were closely related to the royal family of their native country. The subject's grandfather was James Turner, whose birth occurred in Yar- mouth, England, about the year 1799. He was reared in that country and followed hedg- ing for a livelihood, his work including the planting and caring for hedges, a vocation at one time very profitable in various parts of England and other European countries. He CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1 04 1 married in his nati\e land Miss Mary Clark, from whose ancestors the subject inherits the Danish strain referred to above. A number of years ag^o James Turner and family left tlieir English home and came to America, remain- ing two years in the city of New York and at the expiration of that time migrating to Will- iams county, Ohio, when that part of the state was little more than a primitive wilderness. Mr. Turner was one of the early pioneers of the county, living for some time in a diminutive log cabin and experiencing all the hardships and vicissitudes incident to life in a new and heavily wooded country. He bore his full share in clearing away the dense forests, and lived to witness the many remarkable changes which transformed his county into one of the most enterprising and progressive sections of western Ohio. His wife, who was born in the year iSoo. died in 1879, his death taking place in 1883. James and Mary Turner were the parents of a very large family, sixteen children, of whom William, the subject's father, was the youngest. Some of these sons and daugh- ters emigrated to Australia, but the majority came to America, settling in several states and becoming well situated in life. One of the sons, John TiuMier, served for twenty-three years in the English army, rose to the rank of captain and distinguished himself by brave and gallant conduct in llie East Indian or Sepoy rebellion. Severing his connection with the army, lie emigrated to Canada, where he now resides, .\nother son. James, and a married daughter, Mrs. Reader, came to the United States in 1842 and located in AVilliams coun- ty, this state, where they soon became well known among the pioneer settlers. William Turner, father of the subject, was born in Yarmouth, England. February 5, 1844. and was a youth of fourteen when his parents came to Ohio. Owing to the scarcity of schools and the inferior grade of such as were acces- sible, his educational discipline was exceeding- 65 ly limited, but having a natural craving for knowledge, he subsequently made up in a large degree for this deficiency by much reading. He acquired a wide and varied knowledge and wheii a youth sought the society of older and wiser people than his playmates and com- panions for the purpose of profiting by their conversation. Growing to manhood amid the stirring scenes and hard work of the pioneer times, he early developed fine physicial powers. In his young manhood Mr. Turner was mar- ried in Hillsdale, Michigan, to Miss Sarah Elliott, a native of Stark county, Ohio, born in the town of Marlborough, November 16, 1848. \'''hen Mrs. Turner was two years old her par- ents, William and Maria (Hagerman) Elliott, natives of Ohio and Pennsylvania, respectively,. mo^■ed to Hillsdale county, Michigan, lieing among the earliest pioneers of that part of the state. Mr. Elliott took an active part in the growth and development of the country in which he settled and is still living in the county of Hillsdale, having reached the ripe old age of seventy-seven years. His wife, after sharing with him many hardships and difficulties, the necessary accompaniments of life in a frontier country, was called to her eternal rest, dvinsr some years ago in the county of Hillsdale. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Tur- ner settled in Crawford county, Ohio, but three years later purchased a farm in the southern part of Hillsdale county, Michigan, where they still reside. He has followed agricultural pur- suits with a fair measure of success and stands high as a neighbor and citizen. He was reared in the Episcopal faith, his wife coming from an old Quaker family long noted for piety, religious zeal and good works, both in and out of the church. Their children, five in number, are named as follows: William E., of this re- view; Maria, now Mrs. Loa Sheldon, is also a resident of that county; Mary, wife of Cal- vin [.ambright. of Williams county, Ohio; Lizzie, who married Roscoe Brown, of Ohio, 1 042 OLD LANDMARKS and Henry E., who lives in Camden, Michi- gan. Rev. WilHam E. Turner was born August 20, 1869, in the town of New Washington, Crawford county, Ohio, where his parents spent the first three years of their married life. Thence he was taken to Hihsdale county, Michigan, where he spent his childhood and youthful days, growing to vigorous young manhood on the farm, with the rugged duties of which he early became acquainted. In the public schools he received an educational train- ing and by close and diligent application he made substantial progress in the more advanced branches of learning. On leaving school young Turner entered the employ of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad as a brakeman, and continued in that capacity for three years, when he resigned his position, entering the employ of the Holland Detective Agency at Cedar Rapids, Iowa. He was in the employ of this agency for one year and de- veloped marked ability as a detective, but in 1892 severed his connection with his employ- ers and came back to his boyhood home, where in the spring election he was elected constable and afterwards was appointed township school inspector, in which office he faithfully served the public three years. Mr. Turner experienced conversion in 1895, and possessing strong mental abilities, to- gether with the qualities essential to success in the public ministry, he felt it his duty to enter upon that work and labor for the advancement of Christ's kingdom among men. He united with the Church of God immediately after his conversion and in the fall of 1895 was licensed to preach by the Ohio eldership. The better to prepare himself for effective service in his sacred office he took a theological course un- der the direction of Findlay College, Findlay, Ohio, and while prosecuting his studies was placed in charge of the Ottawa Lake circuit, which he served four vears. makino- his home the meantime at Ottawa Lake, southern Michi- gan. Mr. Turner completed the course of study in 1898 and the year following was transferred to the charge at Canton, where he has labored zealously and with much ac- ceptance ever since, greatly building up the church along all lines of activity and strength- ening its influence as a potent factor for sub- stantial good in the community. Under his administration and the power and force of his ministry the membership has largely increased. A higher degree of spirituality has also been awakened, a conclusive evidence of the rever- ence and trust his people repose in him person- ally and in his effectiveness as a teacher of divine truth. Mr. Turner is a pleasing and forceful speaker and his strong and stirring appeals for people to abandon their sins and seek salvation not infrequently rise to the heights of true eloquence. His life has been fraught with good works and his kind words of admonition not only in the sacred desk but in personal contact with his fellow men in their homes and elsewhere have been instru- mental in changing the course of many lives but that for his influence would have continued the downward way. He has served on several important committees in the church, and in 1902 was elected clerk of the eldership. Rev. Turner was married in Wiliams coun- ty, Ohio, to Miss Maud Summer, the ceremony being solemnized on the 8th of August, 1897. Mrs. Turner was born in Williams county, October 28, 1873, and is the daughter of Alonzo and Jennie (Preston) Summer, both parents natives of Ohio. Alonzo Summer's parents were William and Elizabeth (Pool) Summer, the former the son of Uriah Sum- mer, a native of New York and one of the first permanent settlers of Williams county, Ohio. Tracing the genealogy further back, it is learned that the Summers were among the old substantial families of Massachusetts and some of the name figured prominently in CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1043 several localities of that commonwealth. Rev. and Mrs. Turner's marriage has been blessed with two offspring, both sons, namely: Ralph Sumner and Ross Dale. JOSIAH HARTZELL is a native of the state of Ohio, having been born in the town of Deerfield, Portage county, on the 7th of Sep- tember, 1833, and being a son of Frederick and Mary (Ickes) Hartzell, both of Avhom were born and reared in I'ennsylvania, being repre- sentatives of the stanch German stock which has played so important a part in the history of the Keystone commonwealth. Frederick Hartzell removed to Ohio in 1810, and he was identified with the great fundamental art of agriculture until his death, which occurred in Mahoning county, on the 13th of November, 1868, his wife passing away on the 20th of August, 1888. They became the parents of ten children, of whom six are living at the present time. In both the agnatic and maternal lines the descent of the subject of this sketch is traced from Ger- man families who, in consequence of religious persecution in their native land, accepted cerr tain landed and homestead propositions made them by William Penn and came to America as the pioneer settlers of Pennsylvania. The orig- inal American progenitor of the Hartzell fam- ily was Heinrich Hartzell, who came to Penn- sylvania in the year 1687. Josiah Hartzell passed his youthful days in Portage county, Ohio, and received his. pre- liminai^y education in the common schools. In 1850 he was matriculated in Amherst College, in Massachusetts, where he completed the col- lege course and was graduated as a member of the class of 1854, receiving the degree of Bach- elor of Arts, while later his alma mater con- ferred upon him in turn the degrees of Master of Arts and Doctor of Philosophy. After his collegiate course Mr. Hartzell took up the studv of law in Toledo, Ohio, and was admitted to the bar of the state in 1856. He located in Daven- port, Iowa, where he practiced law two years and then came to Canton in 1858. His predi- lections led him to view with favor the over- tures made him to devote his attention to editor- ial work and he assumed the editorial chair of the office of the Canton Republican in 1858 and subsequently became editor of the Canton Re- pository, the oldest paper in Stark county, the same having been established in the year 181 5, under the title of the Ohio Repository, while it has been consecutively published during the long intervening years. He continued as editor in chief of the Repository for nearly a score of years, retiring about 1876, though he has since continued to make occasional and timely con- tribution to this and other representative papers, being known as a forceful and trenchant writer and ever utilizing the chaste diction indicative of high scholarship and appreciative literary taste. Since his retirement from newspaper work Mq. Hartzell has devoted the major por- tion of his attention to the various and import- ant manufacturing interests with which he is identified. He has twice made tours of the European continent, and Avas representative of important manufacturing interests during the term of the Paris exposition of 1878, as well as that held in that city in 1900, and also at the Vv''orld's Columbian Exposition, held in the city of C'hicago in 1893. It was but natural that a man of so alert mentality and one so intimately identified with the discussion of matters of public import through the columns of the press, should be- come a factor in the directing of opinion and in the conduct of local affairs. Mr. Hartzell has ever gi\en his allegiance to the Republican party and has been an efifective advocate of its cause, and while he has never been animated by specific political ambition, he has been called upon tcv serve in various positions of local trust. He was postmaster of Canton for four years, during the administnation of Presidents Lincoln and 1044 OLD LANDMARKS Johnson, while he also served as a member of the board of park commissioners of Canton and as sewer commissioner, his policy in local af- fairs being at all times a progressive and broad- minded one. In 1803 he was made a member of the Ohio state board of health, in which ca- pacity his term will not expire until 1907, and he has filled the various offices in this body, manifesting an unflagging interest in its work. He is also a member of the American Public Health Association, and at its convention, in the city of Philadelphia, in 1898 he was ap- pointed a inember of a committee which re- ceived instrucl ions to memorialize the Presidait and congress of the United States to take cer- tain measures for the suppression of yellow fever in Cuba, from which source have eminated the recurred epidemics of the scourge in the southern states of the Union. In the following year he was reappointed on another committee whose object was the same, the two committees holding their sessions in the city of Washing- ton. Through this means was initiated' the work which led to the establishing by our gov- ernment, in the city of Havana, of that com- mission ot bacteriological experts whose experi- mental studies and careful researches have made possible the suppression of yellow fever in American cities for all time to come. Mr. Hartzell has been a member of the board of trustees of the Ohio Historical and Archaeo- logical Society, and in each of the connections noted his zeal has been insistent and has vital- ized the work undertaken and carried forward. On the 2 1 St of February, 1856, Mr. Hart- zell was united in marriage to Miss Mary K. Johnson, who was born in Stark county, Ohio, being a daughter of Simon Johnson, an hon- ored pioneer of Stark county. Of this union were born eight children, one of whom, Mary K., died in infancy, while of the others we in- corporate the following brief data : Wilbur J., who was born November 22, 1856, is now a resident of Minneapolis, Minnesota, and is en- gaged in the wheat commission business ; Dora v., who was born on the 8th of January, 1859,. resides in St. Paul, that state, being tlie wife of Captain H. L. Kuhns, who is engaged in the hotel business; Frederic S., who was borii on the 22d of August, i860, resides in Canton and is acting secretary of the McKinley Monu- ment Association; Charles, born on the 15th of July, 1862, is a resident of the city of San Juan, . Porto Rico, and is secretary of the island; Jo- siah, Jr.. born on the 6th of May, 1868, is a dentist and makes his home in Minneapolis; Grace, born JNIay 28, 1871, resides in her native city of Canton ; and Ralph W., who was born on the 2 1 St of October, 1874, is a lawyer and resides in Den\-er. Colorado. Mr. and Mrs. Hartzell ha\e ten grandchildren, and the family relationships and associations throughout have been of ideal character. JACOB FREDERICK MARCHAND,. M. D., is a native of Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, born in the town of Jacksonville on the 17th day of February, 1858. In the pub- lic schools of his nati\e pkice. which he attended until the age of fifteen, he acquired a good ele- mentary education and during' the ensuing' four years taught in the county of Westmoreland, earning the reputation of an able and popular instructor. The training in the public schools and his ex])erience as a teacher were afterwards supplemented by a full covu'se in Washington and Jefferson College, which institution he en- tered at the age of nineteen and from which he was graduated with a creditable record in the year 1882. Soon after completion of his col- lege course Mr. Marchand w-as elected prin- cipal of the high school of Canton, Ohio, ■ in which capacity he continued two years, resign- ing at the expiration of that time, although re- elected for another term. He was led to aban- don educational work in order to take up the study of medicine, for which profession he had CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 1045 long manifested a decided preference as tlie call- ing best suited for a life work. In September, 1884, he entered the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania at Philadelphia and after prosecuting his studies the greater part of three years was graduated with the class of 1887. On receiving his degree he opened an -office in Canton, where his thorough profes- sional training soon won him a lucrative prac- tice which has continued to increase from that time to the present. As a physician and sur- geon he is easily the peer of the leading medical men of the city and county of his residence and it may also be stated that in the treatment of many diseases requiring a high degree of effi- ciency and skill he has a reputation much more than local. The Doctor has left untried no reasonable efforts to rise in his profession, not from ambi- tious motives but from an intense and laudable desire to become a true healer so as to confer the great boon of health upon suffering human- ity. He is identified with a number of medical societies, in the deliberations of which he always manifests an active interest and not infrequent- ly has he read before these various bodies care- fully prepared papers evincing profound erudi- tion and critical research, which have elicited from medical circles both local and throughout the state, profuse praise and high encomiums. He is a member of the Mississippi Valley and Northeastern Ohio Medical Societies, the Stark County Medical Society, Canton Medical Club, the American Medical Association and is also a fellow of the Aiuerican Academy of Medicine, maintaining intimate relations with all of these organizations. He has been city physician nf Canton and at this time he holds the position of local health officer, being also surgeon to the Aultman Hospital and a member of the staff. Fraternally Dr. ]\larchand belongs to the "Masonic order and the Benevolent and Protec- "tive Order of Elks. He has been a life-long Democrat and, while earnest in maintaining the correctness of his principles and untiring in keeping himself well informed upon the great public questions and issues of the day, he has no political ambitions, the pressing claims of his profession preventing him from taking a very active interest in party affairs. As a citizen he has been acti\e in encouraging every utility for the city's material welfare. On the 30th day of April, 1891, was solem- nized, in Canton, the ceremony which united in the bonds of marriage Dr. Marchand and Miss Laura A. Martin, daughter of Hon. Henry S. Martin, the father formerly superin- tendent of the public schools of the city and for a period of fourteen years connected with the L^nited States treasury department in Wash- ington, D. C. Dr. and Mrs. Marchand have one son, Charles Martin, a bright lad in whom are centered many fond hopes for the future. REV. JOHN ANDREW PI ALL, D. D.— The Hall family of which the Doctor is a mem- ber originated in Switzerland, fnom which country his grandfather came to America a number of years ago and settled near Reading, Pennsylvania. John Hall, the Doctor's father, was born in that state about the year 1816 and when A^oung was thrown upon his own re- sources for a livelihood. In his youth he learned the tinner's trade and worked at the same until young manhood when he decided to devote the remainder of his life to the ministry. He was appointed to the Wooster circuit, Ohio, and for se\'eral years ministered to the churches in that part of the state, visiting his several ap- pointments on horseback and experiencing many hardships and vicissitudes in the dis- charge of his duties. He was married at Woos- ter to Miss Sarah Reiner, whose father, George Reiner, was one of the earliest pioneers of W^ayne county. The union of ^Ir. and Mrs. Hall resulted in the following children : Rev. Henry H., D. D., an eminent Lutheran clergy- 1046 OLD LANDMARKS man, formerly chaplain of the Western Penn- sylvania penitentiary hut at the present time pastor of the church at Litchfield, Illinois; Mrs. Elizabeth Faust, of Woodberry, Ohio; Mrs. Mary Sowers, who lives at the same place, and John A., whose name initiates this article. After serving many years as an intinerant. Rev. John Hall was given a charge at Sandusky, after which he served as pastor at different cities, his last regular work being with the church in Dayton. Owing to failing health he was obliged to give up the active lalxirs of the ministry and retire to his estate in Morrow county, where he spent the remainder of his life, dying at a good old age in the year 1900. His widow stil survives, having reached her seventy-eighth year. Rev. John A. Hall was born on tlie i/tli dav of August, 1852, in Morrow county, Ohio, and spent the years of his childhood and youth on his father's farm. There he learned the true dignity of honest toil and grew up impressed with the idea that God had prepared no place in the world for drones or idlers. At the age of six he entered the district schools and between attending these in the winter time and work- ing on the farm during the summer seasons he spent the eight years following. During the next year he pursued his studies in the schools of Woodberry, after which he spent about two and a half years in a private institution at Lex- ington, Ohio, where he prepared himself for college. At the age of eighteen Dr. Hall entered Wittenberg College, from which he was grad- uated in 1875 and immediately thereafter began his theological studies in the seminary at Wit- tenberg, completing the prescribed course three yeari-s later. Well qualified by intellectual cul- ture and theological training for the noble work of the ministry, Mr. Hall accepted for his first charge the Mt. Zion church in Richland coun- ty, where he labored with zeal and great accept- ance for a period of seven years. During that time he developed fine powers as a preacher, and superior executive ability in managing the ma- terial interests of his congregation. All lines of work prospered and the young pastor won the highest regard, not only of his own parish- ioners, but of the entire citizenship. Severing his connection with Mt. Zion, Dr. Hall ac- cepted the pastorate of the Plymouth Lutheran church, where he labored for the spiritual in- terest of the people four years, meeting with most encouraging results the meantime. His next charge was the church at Walnut Hill^ Cincinnati, a wealthy and influential congre- gation in one of the most beautiful parts of the city. There his labors were also greatly ap- preciated and during a pastorate of nine years the congregation constantly increased in nu- merical strength and influence, while a deeper spirit of devotion and consecration was aroused among the membership. "Dr. Hall did much personal work in Cincinnati, became widely known throughout the city and stood high in the esteem of his brother ministers of other denominations. In October,, 1S96, Dr. Hall entered upon his labors as pastor of Trinity Lutheran church. Canton, and since that time has been earnest and untiring in behalf of the Master's interests in this city. The continual enlargement of the congregation's sphere of influence and its steady but sure advancement along material and spirit- ual lines is the best evidence of the pastor's ability as a preacher and of his leadership in ]ilanning and carrying to successful issue great things for the upbuilding of the Master's king- dom. Dr. Hall's sermons are clear, concise, practical and logical and his eloquence of that fervid kind that not only pleases but carries con- viction to his hearers. In politics he is pro- nounced in his allegiance to the Republican party and hesitates not to labor for its success during campaigns, believing as he does that every good citizen should be in the best sense of the term a politician. Da Hall is a married CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1047 man and the father of two children, namely : Ralph, a student of Wittenberg College, and Arthur, who is still a member of the home circle. Mrs. Hall was formerly Miss Minerva Huntsman, of Belleville, Ohio, in which place her name was changed to the one she now bears. JONATHAN D. MILLER.— The Miller and Newsletter families, of which the subject of this review is a representative, have been identi- fied with the growth and development of Stark county since a very early period of the history if this part of the state. His parental grand- parents, Daniel and Maria C. Miller, were na- tives of Center county, Pennsylvania, and among their children was a son by the name of Jonathan, whose birth occurred on the 20th day of April, 1797. When a young man, this Jona- than married Miss Sarah Newsletter, whose fa- ther, Conradt Newsletter, came to America as a deserter from the army of the great Na- poleon, having in his youth been forced to a life of militar}'- service from which he only escaped by resorting to what was known as "French leave." Mr. Newsletter settled in Cumberland county, Pennsylvania, where he married and it was there that his daughter, Mrs. Miller, was born. As early as 1816 he migrated to Stark county, Ohio, purchasing land in what is now Tuscarawas township, where he cleared a farm, reared his family and spent the latter part of his life. The Millers came to Stark county about the year 181 6, and also settled with- in the present limits of the township of Tuscarawas. In early manhood Jonathan Miller learned the carpenter trade, but after locating in Stark county he devoted his at- tention principally to agriculture, clearing with his own hands an eighty-acre farm in Tuscarav.-as township. During the old Whig regime, he was an ardent supporter of that party, but after it had fulfilled its mission and ceased to e.xist he became a Republican and so continued to the end of his life. Jonathan and Sarah Miller reared a family of six chil- dren, whose names are as follows: Joseph A., member of Company C, One Hundred and Thirty-fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, in the late Civil war, died -in Andersonville prison in the year 1864; Samuel R. ; Margaret, wife of John Walter; Jonathan D., of this review; David F., deceased, and Martin L. The father died in 1S58. the mother about the year 1876. Mrs. Miller's father departed this life March 6. 1858, at the age of sixty, the mother dying on the 5th day of January, 1876, when seventy- one years old. Jonathan D. Miller) was born on the paternal homestead in Tuscarawas town- ship. Stark county, Ohio, September 19, 1833, and from that date to the present day he has spent his life within a short distance of the place of his birth. His early training on the farm fostered habits of industry and self-reli- ance and he grew to vigorous yoimg manhood with a proper conception of life and its respon- sibilities. In his younger days he attended during the winter months the country schools, and after spending his minority with his par- ents, he learned carpentry, which trade he fol- lowed for a munber of years in connection with agricultural pursuits. Mr. Miller continued to devote his attention to carpentry and farm- ing until the year 1893, when he moved to the town of Brookfield. He owns one of the finest residences in the above town and is one of the leading citizens of the community, being active in promoting his own affairs and pulilic spirited in all the term implies. Politically Mr. Miller is a Republican and an influential party worker. He cast a ballot for the first Republican nomi- nee for President, John C. Fremont, and voted for every one of the party's distinguished can- didates for that high office to the present ad- ministration, having missed no national election since 1858. He held the office of township clerk for two years, and in 1900 was elected .1048 OLD LANDMARKS trustee, tlie duties of wliicli he is now discharg- ing. Susan R. Ralston, who hecame the wife of Jonathan D. Miller in the year of i860, is the daughter of William and Anna ( Rough) Ral- ston, and was horn September 18. 1836. in Stark county. William Ralston was born March 26, ]788. in Pennsylvania, and his wife in the same state on the nth of December. 1 791. These parents were married July 17. 1817, and had children as follows: Joseph, Harriet. Maria, George. Henry. William. Jane. Susan. Rebecca and James. William Ralston and wife came to Stark county in 1834. settHng in Tuscarawas township, where they lived the remainder of their li\es. the former dving in August. 1S58. and the latter. May 30. 1868. By occupation Mr. Ralston was a plasterer, in addition to which he also followed farming. In politics he was a Democrat and in religion he was a Presbyterian, to which church his wife and several of his children likewise be- longed. Mrs. Miller's paternal grandparents were David and Many Ralston, natives of Eng- land and early settlers of Pennsylvania, in which state their deaths occurred many years ago. Her mother. Jane Rough, was the daugh- ter of John and Elizabeth ( Farney) Rough, both born and reared in Lebanon county. Penn- sylvania, the former dying there at the age of eighty-four, the latter departing this life in Stark county in 1837. while on a visit to her relatives, being sixty-three at the time of her demise. The Ralstons have long been noted for their patriotism and love of country, several of Mrs. Miller's brothers having distinguished themselves in the late Rebellion as soldiers. Henry went from Michigan and served until the close of the struggle, taking part in some of the bloodiest battles of the war. George served in an Ohio regiment and made an honorable record for bravery in a number of campaigns. Of William it is proper to speak at more length, as his experience on the march and on the field of conflict has seldom been equalled. Enlisting August 7. 1862. in Company E. One Plundred and Fourth Ohio Infantry, he at once proceeded to the front and during an active ser- vice of three years duration took part in many battles, of which the following are perhaps the most noted: Covington, Danville, Knoxville, Resaca. Cedarville. Dallas. Kenesaw Mountain, I'ine Run. Atlanta. Pumpkinvine Creek, Co- lumbia, Tennessee. Franklin, Nashville, Ft. Anderson, Xorth Car/)lina, Farm Creek and others of equal .importance whose names cannot be recalled. Reverting to the domestic history of the subject and his wife, it is learned that their marriage resulted in the birth of four chil- dren : Paris, a machinist, working at his trade in Massillon' Curtis C a jeweler and optician of A'lassillon ; Burton J., a physician and sur- geon of the same city, and Daisy, deceased. MOSES CLAY.— The subject of this re- view is one of Stark county's oldest native sons and he is also numbered among its leading farmers and representative men of affairs. His father was Isaac Clay, a native of Pennsyl- vania, and his mother, who bore the maiden name of Mary Pennock, was born in the state of Connecticut. The subject's paternal an- cestors were among the early settlers of Penn- syh'ania. while his mother's genealogy is trace- able to an early period in the history of New England. David Clay, the grandfather, was born and reared in the Keystone state, but many years ago migrated to Columbiana coun- ty, Ohio, where he purchased land, improved a farm and s])ent the remainder of his life. Will- iam Peimock. the subject's maternal grandfa- ther, was one of Stark county's earliest pio- neers, locating in Plain township as long ago as the year 1810. Subsequently he changed his alxide to what is now the township of Marl- borough, where he became a successful tiller of the soil, which vocation he followed as long ^^■WP ■ ^^^^^^^^^^r^ ':^SL ^1 ^^^K ^ m ^ ■ ^^^^^^^^^ I ^V^ii J ^^^^^B ''^mHHI ^^^ ^^^^^H ^^""^w^ ^^^^B ^^^ '^^^^^^H J MOSES CLAY. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1049 as lie lived, dying there at a good old age. His wife also lived to be very old, being ninety-six years of age at the time of her death. Isaac C'ay, father of Moses, was reared a farmer and came to Ohio with his parents when a young man. As early as 1812 he became a resident of Stark county, purchasing that year the place in Plain township which the subject now owns and making it his home until his death in 1832. He was one of the sturdy pioneers of this part of the state and a man of sterling worth, whom to know was to respect and honor. He was a stanch AAHiig in politics, took an active interest in the affairs of his community, and is remem- bered as a kind neighbor ami a most excellent ■citizen. His wife, who also died in 1832, bore him seven children, all of whom lived to be over seventy years of age, the subject being the sole survivor of the family. Returning to the life of Moses Clay, it is learned that he has been a resident of Jackson township all his life, having been born on the farm where he now lives, November 27, 1823. A continuous residence of eighty years in one locality, such as his has been, is perhaps without parallel in the history of Stark county. He "has seen the country developed from a thinly settled community to one of the finest agricul- tural regions in the state, nor has he been a mere passi\e spectator of the many remarkable changes affected since his boyhood, but with strong arm and determined purpose he has con- tributed largely to the advancement of his township in all that constitutes a high order of civilization. Mr. Clay's early life on the farm taught him the true dignity of honest toil and laudable endeavor, and while still a mere yi;>uth he was ready to assume all the duties and the responsibilities of manhood. He was reared to liabits of industry, and, on attaining his major- ity, began farming for himself, a vocation which he followed with a large measure of success until advancing years obliged him to forego further manual labor, and spent the evening of his life in retirement. Meanwhile, by diligence and thrift, he acquired a comfort- able fortune, owning at one time three hun- dred and fifty-six acres of fine land, on which he hiade man}- substantial improvements, be- sides accumulating a large amount of personal property. For many years Mr. Clay was an extensive breeder of fine Jersey cattle, from the sale of which he has derived a large income. As a farmer, he always occupied a place in the front rank and earned an honorable reputa- tion as a scientific agriculturist, having pros- ecuted his labors with the greatest care and with the object in view of obtaining the largest possible results. Some years ago he disposed of one hundred acres of real estate, but the amount he still owns is much more than suffi- cient to supply his wants, his home place being among one of the largest as well as one of the best farms in the township of Jackson. Mr. Clay has been an ardent Republican ever since the organization of the party, but has ne\er taken a very active part in public affairs further than to vote his ticket and defend the soundness of his opinions. His duties as a citi- zen have always been honorably discharged, but at no time has he had political aspirations, preferring the quiet life of a farmer to any office within the power of the people to bestow. He has li\"ed well, provided liberally for his fam- ily, and grown old gracefully, and now, from the topmost round in the ladder of success, can look back o\'er a life well spent with little cause for regret. Catherine Madison, who became the wife of Moses Clay in 1850, was born in Baltimore, Maryland, in the year 1832, the daughter of Otis Madison, a native of Maryland and an early settler of Detroit, Michigan, in which city he is said to have worked at the tailor trade, many years ago. It is stated that he made the first pattern for cutting men's cloth- ing, a device that was subsequently adopted by the leading tailoring establishments 1050 OLD LANDMARKS throughout the United States. He died a num- ber of years since. To Mr. and Mrs. Clay have been born eight cliildren, namely : Elvira, Harvey, Otis, Frank, Edward, Mary and Emma. JOSEPH B. SUMMER was born near East Rochester, Columbiana county, Ohio, on the 24th of March, 1861, being the son of Noah and Susan (Aspey) Summer, the re- spective families having been residents of the United States for ten generations. Noah Summer was born near Poland, Mahoning county, Ohio, in the year 181 8, and his death occurred in 1898, while his wife, who was born in North Georgetown, Columbiana county, Ohio, in 1823, died in 1903. The father of the subject became one of the successful farm- ers of Columbiana county, and there occurred the death of both himself and his wife. The original progenitors of both the Summer and Aspey families in .America immigrated hither from Switzerland about three hundred years ago, settling in Maryland and Virginia, whence representatives later removed to Pennsylvania, while finally members of the respective families came into Ohio in the pioneer epoch and descendants are now to be found in the most diverse sections of the Union. I'he subject of this sketch attended the common schools of his native county until he had attained the age of sixteen years, when he was matriculated in Mount Union College, in Alliance, Stark county, where he continued his studies for a period of three years. He be- gan teaching in the public schools at the age of seventeen and continued to follow this vo- cation about ten years, in Columbiana, Carroll and Stark counties, and being successful in his pedagogic work. In 1889 he entered the em- ploy of a wholesale house in Canton, in the capacity of traveling salesman, and he followed this line of work until the spring of 1896, in the meantime having taken up his residence in North Industry, this county, in 1883. He there continued to make his home until 1897, when he removed to Canton and assumed the duties of the office of which he is now in- cumbent. In the autumn of 1896 Mr. Summer was elected county commissioner, for a term of three years, and so acceptable was his ad- ministration of the affairs of the office that he was chosen as his own successor in the elec- tion of of 1899, his second term expiring on the 2ist of September, 1903, while it is certain that the best interests of the county will be conserved if he is continued in the service by re-election at the close of his present term. In politics he gives an unqualified allegiance to the Republican party, taking a lively in- terest in the cause and doing all in his power to promote the same. He is a man of alert and vigorous mentality, a capable business man and a citizen who commands unqualified esteem. On the 29th of March, 1883, in Canton, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Summer to Miss Agnes Serva, whose father was of French lineage and mother of German. Her paternal grandfather, Paul Serva, was a mem- ber of the cavalry of Napoleon Bonaparte for twelve years. To this union were born three children, Fay. Roscoe and Harold. Mrs. Sum- mers died March 13, 1898, and on January 17, 1903, Mr. Summer was married to Ada Hill, who was born within a few hundred feet of where the subject of this sketch first saw the light of day, and is the daug^hter of Hiram and Emma Hill. JOHN METZGER is a native son' of Stark county, having been bom on the parental homestead in Nimishillcn township, on the 24th of May. 1839. He was the fifth in order of birth of the nine children of John and Catherine (Goodman) Metzger, and of the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1051 number seven are living at the present time, namely : Mary, who is the widow of Frank Guilnrd and who resides in Louisville, this county; Julia, who is the wife of Peter Dubail, of South Bend, Indiana; Catherine, who is the widow of Samuel Lane, resides in Mishawaka, Indiana; John, who is the immediate subject of this sketch ; JVTaria, who is the wife of Nicholas Murley, of Canton ; Susan, who is the wife of Frank Pierson, of Louisville, this county; and Adam, who is engaged in the hardware busi- ness in Louisville. The father of the subject was born in the province of Alsace, France, now a portion of the German empire, being of pure German extraction in the agnatic line. The year of his nativity was 181 1 and he was a son of John and Susan (Kena) Metzger, who came with their family to America in the year 1S28. making their way, by the primitive meth- ods of transportation then in vogue, across the continent to the state of Ohio, which was then held to be on the very frontier of civilization. They came to Stark county and were numbered among the first settlers in Nimishillen town- ship, where the grandfather purchased three hundred and twenty acres of government land, in the midst of the virgin forest, and here he erected his little log house in the midst of the forest, and set himself valiantly to the task of subduing the wilderness and placing his land under cultivation, the work, as a matter of course, progressing by slow degrees. With the aid of his sons he continued his labors along this line until he was called upon to answer the inexorable summons of death, at the age of eighty-six years, his wife also dying on the old homestead. It will be noted that the full pat- ronymic of John Metzger has been borne by the three generations of the family in the county, the subject being of the third generation. His father, John Metzger (2d), grew to manhood in this county, and after his marriage located on a tract of eight}' acres of heavily timbered land which had been deeded to him by his hon- ored father, who made similar provision for each of his other two sons, Sebastian and An- drew. Fie continued his experience as a pioneer farmer and succeeded in reclaiming the major portion of his land, becoming one of the pros- perous and highly honored farmers of the township. He continued to reside on his home- stead until the year 1870, when he retired from active business and took up his abode in the village of Louisville, where he passed the resi- due of his days, passing away in 1880, at the age of sixty-nine yeariS. He was a stanch Democrat in his political proclivities, and his religious faith was that of the Catholic church, in which he was reared. His wife was likewise a native of the province of Alsace, France, and she was born in 181 1, the same year in which he was ushered into the world. She came with her parents to Ohio in the same year as did the Metzgers, being a daughter of Joseph and Maria (Dietrich) Goodman. They settled in Canton township, near the site of the present county infirmary, later moving to Washington township and later to Nimishillen, where they died. Mrs. Metzger was summoned into eter- nal rest in 1885, when eighty- four years of age, she likewise having been a faithful member and communicant of the Catholic church. From the foregoing statements it will be seen that the subject of this review is a repre- sentative of sterling pioneer families of Stark county, being of the third generation in both the paternal and maternal lines. He was reared on the homestead farm on which he was born, early beginning to contribute to the work of the same, and even as a boy finding his services in requisition in the arduous work of clearing off the timber and making the land ready for cul- tivation. Scholastic facilities were of measrer sort at best in the locality, and he attended the little district school during the winten months up to the time of attaining the age of twelve years, while his subsequent discipline has been that afiforded in the practical and valuable II052 OLD LANDMARKS school of experience. 1 he work of the farm largely devolved upon him from the time of his fourteenth year, his father's health being im- paired, so that he was not longer aljle to take the initiative. The subject continued to devote his attention to the management of the paternal homestead until three years after his marriage, his father having in the meanwhile removed to the village of Louisville, and then he purchased a tract of twenty-two acres just to the south of that town and there made his horiie for the en- suing three years, while for the succeeding pe- iod of three years he rented a neighboring farm •of one hundred and seventy-three acres. He then passed a year on his little farm, and then turned the property over in partial payment on an adjoining farm of eighty-nine acres, realiz- ing that he needed a wider field for his agricul- tural operations. On that place he continued his work with energy and discrimination for the next decade, when he rented the place and took up his residence in Louisville, where he has since made his home. ha\inga comfortable and attractive residence and enjoying the fruits of his former years of earnest toil and endeavor. His farm is under a high state of cultivation, is equipped with good buildings and is one of the attractive places of the township, while from the same he receives an income whicli insures him all the comforts and many of tlie luxuries of life. In politics he is stanchly arrayed in sup- port of the principles and policies of the Demo- cratic party, l)ut has never been ambitious for official preferment, though he was called by the local contingent of his party to become a candi- date for township trustee in 1879, consented to accept the nomination and was elected by a gratifying majority, while the best evidence of the popular appreciation of his services is that afforded in tlie fact that he was continued as incumbent of this office for the long period •of nine years. He and his wife are both com- municants of the Catholic church. On the 22d of February, 1867. Mr. Metz- ger was united in marriage to Miss Frances Pierson, who was born in Nimishillen town- ship, this county, lieing a daughter of Louis and Frances Pierson, who were pioneers of this section. Four children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Metzger, namely : John F. and Catherine, who remain at the parental home: Dr. Edward L., who is engaged in the practice of his profession as a veterinary sur- geon, in Louisville; and Louis A,, who died in infancv. JONAS M. KELVI, son of Moses and Lydia Keini, was born in Holmes county, Ohio, on the 2 1 St of April, 1843. It was his privilege to be reared on a farm, the source from which have sprung the majority of the nation's great- est men, and he early became acquainted with the manifold duties which such a mode of life implies. At the proper age he entered the public schools and attended the same until about eighteen years old, meanwhile assisting his father of summer seasons with the work of the farm. On the 15th day of August, 1862, he enlisted in Company B, One Hundred and Fifteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with which he served three years, during which time he took part in many noted campaigns and bloody battles, including the various engagements in which General Thomas' command participated. The day on which the regiment was mustered out he was sent to a hospital where he remained about one month and at the expiration of that time he received his discharge and returned home. On leaving the army ]Mr. Keim resumed the pursuit of agriculture on the home farm and in the fall of 1865 was united in mar- riage to Miss Catherine Trump, daughter of George Trump, of Nimishillen township. Stark county. He continued tilling the soil in his native county until 1869, at which time he changed his residence to the county of Stark, CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1053. where he engaged in the locating at Louisville grain business, in connection with which he also handled provisions and dealt quite ex- tensively in wool. Subsequently he disposed of this business and purchased an interest in the hardware house founded by his fatlier and dur- ing the next twenty-five years was a member of the firm of Keim & Sons, which became one of the largest and most successful establishments of the kind in the county. His connection for so long a time with this line of trade resulted in the accumulation of a fortune which enabled him, in 1897, to lay aside busi- ness cares, since which time he has been living a life of honorable retirement in the thriving little town of Louisville. Mr. Keim possesses marked business ability and superior judgment. He looked after the management of the house with commendable fidelity, built up a large and lucrative trade and by fair and honorable dealing won the con- fidence of all with whom he had relations of any kind whatever. Aside from his connection with the commercial interests of Louisville, Mr. Keim has long been a factor of consider- able consequence in the general affairs of the town, every enterprise calculated to advance the community materially, socially, or morally, receiving his support and hearty co-operation. As a citizen he is deservedly popular, charity and benevolence being among his chief charac- teristics, and to the poor and needy he is ever ready to extend a helping hand. His political support is given to the Republican party, but the wiles and chicanery of modern partisanship have always received his strongest disapproval. Religiously he is an influential member of the Progressive Branch of the German Baptist church, belonging with his wife to the Louis- ville congregation, of which he is one of the pillars and chief supporters. He has high ideals of Christian character and endeavors to realize the same in his daily life and conduct. Mr. Keim's first marriage was blessed with the birth of one son, Charles B. Keim, who is now engaged in the boot and shoe business in Louisville. Mrs. Keim dying in 1873, the subject afterwards wedded Miss Mary Keim, of Nimishillcn township, daughter of Adam Keim, a union terminated by the death of the wife in 1887. ^I^"- Keim's present companion,, to whom he was united in the bonds of wed- lock in tlie year 1896, was Mrs. Ella Werner,, formerlv Miss Slote. FRANK W. G.-WIN. M. D., is of Scotch descent, the advent of his family into America dating from 1850. Li that year his grand- fatlier, Robert Ga\ in, with a wife and nine chil- dren, came to the United States and settled' in Cleveland, Ohio, being at the time well ad- vanced in life. In his native land Robert Gavin had been a manufacturer of woolen goods, but he did not follow the business very long after coming to this country, retiring in a few years to Fort Wayne, Indiana, where he died in 1874, at the age of seventy-eiglit. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Isabella Craig, preceded him to the grave, departing this life in the year 1851. James A. Gavin, son of Robert and Isabella Gavin and father of tlie subject of this sketch, was born September 10, 1848, in Scotland and was about t\\'0 years old when the family came to America. He spait his early life in the cities of Cleveland and Fort Wayne, received a common school education, but by dilligent course of private study he made such progress that in due time he fitted himself for the profes- sion of teaching. His advancement in that field of endeavor was rapid and it was not long until he became one of the most accomplished teachers in Fort Wayne, with the public schools of which city he was identified for a period of over twenty-one years. By a series of continued advancements he rose from the position of grade teacher to a principalship, thence to I054 OLD LANDMARKS superintendency, in which capacity he became widely known among the leading educators of northern Indiana. Professor Gavin was mar- ried in Fort Wayne, April 30, 1871, to Miss Sedonia R. Davis, whose birth occurred in Newark, Ohio, on the 29th of April, 1850. He continued in educational work until 1899, when he resigned his position and his death took place on December 24th of the year fol- lowing, his wife dying in 1879. Prof. Gavin was reared in the Presbyterian faith, but later in life united with the Baptist church, being at the time of his death an ordained deacon of the congregation worshiping in Fort Wayne. Politically he was a stanch supporter of the Republican party and took an active interest in politics and public affairs, always keeping himself well informed relative to the leading questions and issues of the day. For a number of years he was an enthusiastic member of the Masonic fraternity, in which he rose to promi- nent positions, including that of Sir Knight and the thirty-second or Scottish rite degree. Dr. Frank W. Gavin is the only child of Prof, and Isabella Gavin. He was born April 9, 1872, in B'ort Wayne, Indiana, and received his literary education in the public schools of that city, graduating from the higli school of that city as valedictorian of his class at the early age of seventeen. While still a mere youth he formulated his plans for the future and selecting the medical profession as best fitted to his tastes and inclinations, began a preliminary course of study as soon as he quit school, under the direction of Dr. George Greenawalt, one of Fort Wayne's leading physicians. Subsequently he entered Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York city, where he prosecuted his studies and researches under .some of the most eminent medical minds of the age, receiving his degree from that noted institution in 1893, when but a little past his twenty-first year. After his graduation Dr. Gavin served a term in Bellevue hospital, where he acquired valuable practical knowledge and later was similarly engaged in Mercy hospital in the city of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. His experi- ence in the above institutions was of especial value in fitting him for the active duties of his profession and while there he availed himself of every opportunity at hand to enlarge the area of his knowledge so as to become not only well grounded in the great truths of medi- cal science but to reduce his knowledge to prac- tice in the treatment of diseases. Severnig his connection with Mercy hos- pital, the Doctor entered upon the practice of his profesion in Pittsburg and Fort Wayne, and remained there until taking a post-grad- uate course in New York, in 1898-99, after which he chose as a field of labor the city of Canton, Ohio, locating here in April of the latter year. Although of comparatively brief duration, Dr Gavin's professional career has been singularly successful, the reputation being awarded him as one of the most skillful and thorough practitioners in a city where a high standard of m.edical talent has long obtained. He has built up a large and lucrative practice in the city and adjacent country and among his professional brethren is held in high esteem, as he is by those who rely upon his services in time of suffering. In the various medical organizations to which he belongs he comes in contact with the leading physicians and surgeons of eastern Ohio and other parts of the counti'v, participating witli them in the de- liberations and discussions whereby the pro- fession is gradually being elevated to a higher plane and the un\vorthy weeded from the ranks. At this time he holds membership with the Stark County Medical Society, being secretary, the Medical Society of Canton, the Ohio State Medical Society, the State Medical Society of Indiana, Union Medical Society, the Medical Society of Allen county, Indiana, Northeastern Ohio Medical Society, the Mississippi Valley CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1055 Medical Society, the Maumee Valley Medical Society and the American Medical Association, besides being a member of the medical board of the Aultman Hospital at Canton. As a citizen the Doctor is deeply interested in whate\er concerns the general welfare of his adopted county and city, and as a man his friendship is warm and his loyalty to those worthy of his confidence and respect true and unfaltering. Politically he is an ardent Re- publican and takes an active interest in the success of his party in local, state and national affairs. Dr. Gavin's professional success is mutually shared with a companion and help- meet, to whom he was united in marriage at Massillon, Ohio, on the 24th of May, 1899. Mrs. Gavin was formerly Miss Ella M. Smith, daughter of James Benton Smith, of the above city. They reside at 425 South Cleveland avenue, the former rectory of the Episcopal church. JOHN THEOBALD WEYBRECHT was born in the little village of Anspach la Haut, department du Haut Rhine, Alsace, France, now a portion of Germany, the date of his na- tivity having Ijeen Januaiy 2^, 1829, being the eldest son of a family of three sons and five daughters. His parents. Theobald and Anna M. (Prickard) Weybrecht, were likewise na- tives of the province of Alsace, where they passed their entire lives, the father having l:>een a contractor and builder by vocation, while he was a representative of one of the old and hon- ored families of that section. John T. was reared in his native place, where he received good educational advantages in his youth, re- ceiving instruction in Isoth the French and Ger- man languages, and thereafter learning the trade of carpenter under the direction of his father and becoming a skilled workman. In 1853, as a young man of about twenty-five years, he severed the home ties and valiantlv set forth to seek his fortunes in the United States, believing that here were to be found superior opportunities for one dependent upon his own resources for the attaining of a posi- tion of independence. He was animated by that self-reliance and self-respect which were his dominating characteristics through life, and by a courage and determination which augured well for his success in his new field of endeavor. He landed in the city of New York on the loth of December of the year mentioned, and thence proceeded to Williamsport, Pennsylvania, where he worked at his trade atout four months, at the expiration of which, in April, 1864, he again started westward, having in mind the city of Chicago as his destination. The Ohio & Pennsylvania Railroad, now known as the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chicago Rail- road, had then been in operation but a short time, and the train service was as yet somewhat irregular and uncertain. It thus chanced that the train on which he was traveling was de- tained for a number of hours in Alliance, and this incident caused a diametrical change in his plans, and no doubt in his entire career. He here met some of his countrymen and through them ascertained that conditions for obtaining employment at his trade here were very favor- able, and he accordingly decided to locate in Alliance. For three months he was employed at his trade as a journeyman, and at the e.xpira- tion of this interval he began operations on his own responsibility, as a contractor and builder, while for a time he also worked as foreman of a corps of carpenters employed in connection with the construction of the Fort Wayne Rail- road. From the initiation of his independent career as a contractor his success was note- worthy, fon he proved his ability and his in- flexible honesty and fidelity, and thus secured many desirable contracts, eventually having to do with the erection of many of the most im- portant public, business and private buildings in this section of the countv. In fact it mav be 1056 OLD LANDMARKS said that during the years that he was actively engaged in contracting fuHy three-fourths of the dwelhngs in Alhance and practically all the public buildings erected in the city of Alliance within that period, including the school build- ings, the Alliance College buildings, churches, etc., were built by him, and he was ever found true to the every detail and specification of every contract into which he entered, the nat- ural sequence being that he gained the unquali- fied confidence and esteem of the people of Alli- ance and vicinity. In 1865, in conjunction with his contracting business, Mr. Weybrecht erected a small planing mill and also began dealing in lumber, his original plant being lo- cated on Columbia street, near Linden ave- nue. With the rapid growth of the city it was not long ere the plant was found to be in the very heart of the city, while the business handled had kept pace with the development of the town, so that it became expedient for him to enlarge his facilities and to seek a lo- cation more eligible for such an industry, and accordingly, in 1878, he removed to the loca- tion of the present plant, on Broadway, where he erected extensive planing mills, which have been kept up to the highest standard to the present time, all kinds of lumber and mill work for builders" use being turned out. while the establishment is the uKJSt extensive of the sort in eastern Ohio, controlling a business of wide scope and importance. With great sagacity and energy Mr. Weybrecht gave his attention to tiie upbuilding of his business, l^ecoming one of the successful and representative business men of the city, while he manifests at all times the deepest interest in the welfare of Alliance, his public spirit being such that he was always found in the forefront in the promotions of projects and enterprises for the upbuilding and progress of the city. Of this honored citizen a previous publication has given the following appreciative estimate: "Perhaps no man did more for the early growth of Alliance than did the late John T. Weybrecht ; certainly no man better demonstrated by his daily conduct what thrift, good habits and business integrity will accomplish for the young man. He came to Alliance from Alsace about half a century ago, poor in purse but rich in practical knowledge and honest endeavor. He soon became the leading contractor in the town, and he lived to establish one of the finest planing-mill plants in the state, to which his sons have succeeded. He left his family large property interests and also that heritage which is greatest of all, a good name." Mr. Weybrecht was a stanch Democrat in his political proclivities, and was a past grand of Alliance Lodge No. 266, Independent Or- der of Odd Fellows. Mr. Weybrecht was sum- moned into eternal rest on the 31st of January, 1895, and his death was deeply mourned by all classes in .Vlliance, while the business commu- nity realized the loss of one of its most valuable and honored members. In 1892 Mr. Wey- brecht admitted to partnership his two elder sons, Benjamin F. and Charles C, and there- after the business was conducted under the firm name of J. T. Weybrecht & Sons until his death, shortly after which the present title was adopted. J. T. A\'eybrecht"s Sons. On the nth of January, 1855, Mr. Wey- brecht was united in marriage to Miss Marga- ret Honacker, who was bom near Alliance, on the 27th of June, 1833. and who survives him, residing in the beautiful family home in Alli- ance and holding the aiifectionate regard of all who know her. She is a daughter of Christo- pher and Maria (Wolf) Honacker, who were natives of Wurtemburg, Germany, whence they emigrated to America in 1832,- be- coming pioneers of Stark county, where they passed the remainder of their lives. Mr. and Mrs. Weybrecht became the parents of eight children, of whom two, Antoinette and Lu- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1057 cinda, died in infancy. Mary is the wife of Leroy I^amborn, of Alliance; Annie is the wife of Fremont P. Livingstone, of Pittsburg, Penn- sylvania; Jennie is the wife of John M. Vitz- thiim, of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania; Benjamin 1'". and Charles C, who succeeded their father in business, are individually mentioned in ap- pending paragraphs ; and Andrew T. is in Alliance, Ohio. Hon. Benjamin F. Weybrecht was born in yVlliance, on the 17th of March, 1861, and his educational discipline in his youth was re- ceived in the public schools of his native city, in which he completed a course in the high school. He completed his studies in 1878 and forthwith became actively identified with his father's business, becoming familiar with all details and soon gaining prestige as an able and discriminating young business man. He is now senior member of the firm of J. T. Wey- brecht's Sons, and is numbered among the progressive and influential business men of his home city. He is a stanch adherent of the Democratic party and has been an active and efficient worker in its cause, while he served one term in the state legislature, having been elected in 1888. At this point we quote brief- ly from an article which appeared in a recent publication of local order : "Hon. B. F. Wey- brecht grew up with the town and his fellow citizens are proud of his achievements and also of his marked ability. Since serving the people as a member of the legislature, he has firmly declined to become a candidate for public office. He is rarely gifted as a platform orator, richly endowed in natural ability and intellectual ca- pacity, and would grace any office within the gift of the people. He takes an active interest in the growth, prosperity and general attrac- tiveness of his home city and occupies a warm place in the hearts of its citizens." He is now senior member of the firm of J. T. Wey- brecht's Sons, and the continuous expansion of the enterprise has been due in large measure to his administrative ability and progressive methods. On the 25th of December, 1884, Mr. Weybrecht was united in marriage to Miss Lizzie Peterson, of Alliance, and they are the parents of four children, John W., Edgard Charles, Millicent M. and Mary K. Col. Charles C. Weybrecht, junior mem- ber of the firm of J. T. Weybrecht's Sons, was born in Alliance, on the 6th of December, 1868, and he attended the city schools until 1885, when he was matriculated in the Ohio State University, at Columbus, where he remained three years. Thereafter/ he was in the railway mail service until 1892, when he became asso- ciated with his father and brother in the busi- ness described in the foregoing paragraphs, and! to the promotion of its interests he has since given his attention. Li 1892 he organized Company K, Eighth Infantry, Ohio National Guard, in Alliance, and he served as captain- of the same until 1897, when he was elected to the ofTfice of major in the same regiment, in which capacity he served, in the Eighth Ohio- Volunteer Infantry, during the Spanish-Amer- ican war, including participation in the San- tiago campaign. His command, thq Third Battalion of the Eighth Ohio, was detailed as headquarters guard to Major General Shaffer, and was present at the formal surrender of Gen- eral Toral to General Shafter. In November, 1899, Major Weybrecht was elected lieutenant colonel of the Eighth Ohio National Guard, of which position he has since continued incum- bent. He was one of the most popular officers in the army at Santiago, and his men were knowTi as "Weybrecht's Bulldogs." He is vice-president of the Industrial Building and Loan Association of this city. In the 7th of May, 1894, Colonel Weybrecht was united in marriage to Miss Emilie Brosius, daughter of Enos H. Brosius, of Alliance. He is a Demo- crat in politics, and is ever loyal to his native city, being one of the popular young business men of the place. 66 1058 OLD LANDMARKS CHRISTIAN E. GRABER, one of the most respected farmers of Stark county, Ohio, was born in Tuscarawas county, Ohio, March 25, 1846, and is the son of Uh-ich and Magda- hne (Camp) Graber, who came from Switzer- land when young and were married in Tusca- rawas county, where the father, who was a fanner by calhng, died in 1849, li'^ widow survii'ing until Augtist, 1900. To Ulrich and Magdaline Graber were born three children, two of whom still survive. After the death of Ulrich Graber, Mrs. Graber was married to Michael F. Lillich, also of Tuscarawas county, Ohio, but a native of Germany. Christian E. Graber was educated in the district schools of Tuscarawas county and was thoroughly trained to farming. He owns one hundred and four acres, and is, as was his father, a Democrat in politics. He purchased his present farm in 1873 and settled on it in 1874, and was the land appraiser of the township in 1900. Mr. Graber married, in 1874, Miss Helen L. Hoerger, who was born in Holmes county, Ohio, and is a daughter of Godfrey and Helen T. Hoerger, who now occupy the old Graber homestead in Tuscarawas county. To Mr. and Mrs. Christian E. Graber have been born three children, namely: Harry A., July 14, 1875, now a farmer; Charles G.. who was born April 30, 1877, and Alice \".. who was born April 3, 1879. and is now the wife of Cyrus Stansburger, a farmer, and has one child. The paternal grandfather of Christian E. Graber was also named Ulrich Graber, and his wife bore the maiden name of Mary Jontz, and both came from Switzerland in an early day and established their home in Tuscarawas county, where the grandfather rose to promi- nence as an agriculturist and as a citizen, and in that county he and his wife passed the re- mainder of their days, respected by all who knew them. Ulrich Graber. father of Chris- tian E., was reared in Tuscarawas county and during his short life was very successful as a farmer, but death, which "loves a shining mark," called him away all too soon, but his widow was very fortunate in her second mar- riage, and young Christian E. was well cared for until able to take care of himself, which he has admirably done, as his present posses- sions clearly indicate. As a farmer he has been very successful, as he raises all the crop in- digenous to the soil and climate, together with the usual live stock bred by the all-around farmer. This live stock, for which Ohio is somewhat famous, is comprised of thorough- bred horses, mules, milch cows, sheep and swine. Its agricultural products comprise wheat, corn, oats and buckwheat, hay, pota- toes, flaxseed, etc., and in its horticultural prod- ucts are to be found apples, plums, pears and cherries, as the more important of the fruits with which Mr. Graber has to do. Mr. and Mrs. (jraber hold a very high position socially, being among the most respected residents of Perry township. JOHN W. WALSER.— The W'alser fam- ily is of pure Swiss extraction, and the subject is of the first generation lx)rn in America. He is a son of Robert Walser, who was born in Switzerland in 1809, the family being one of distinction in that fair land. Robert Walser was a son of Ussi Walser, who was a physician and surgeon of ability and who was engaged in the practice of his profession in Switzerland un- til 1809. when, accompanied liy his family, he bade adieu to home and native land and set forth for America, where he believed better opportunities were afforded for individual ac- complishment and being animated primarily by a desire to give to his children the ultiniate benefit of these advantages. He located in But- ler county, Pennsylvania, where he was en- gaged in the practice of his profession for a number of years and then came to Ohio as one of its pioneers, settling in Columbiana county CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1059 in 1820 and there taking up a tract of land in the virgin forest, being one of the first settlers. There he gave willing and devoted attention to such calls as came to him in a professional way and also instituted the reclaiming of his land. Subsequently he started on horseback for a visit to his former home in Pennsylvania and all trace of him was lost from that time, and it is supposed that he either fell a victim to Indian enmity or other outlawry, or else met with an accidental death. His devoted wife, brave in her bereavement and in the face of the uncer- tainty of her husband's fate, made the best possible provision for her children and gave them her solicitous care until she too was called upon to answer the inexorable summons of death. She continued her residence in Colum- biana comity, her death occurring near the lit- tle pioneer village of Dungannon, about the year 1S34. To her were born two sons, Jacob, who was a child at the time of the famil}^ emi- gration to America and wdio was engaged in farming near Dungannon, Ohio, until his death, and Robert, father of the subject of this review. Robert Walser w-as born on the lith of August, 1809, and within a week after his birth his parents set forth on the voyage from Switzerland to America. He grew to ma- turit}' in Columbiana county, Ohio_, his boy- hood da\'s being passed on a farm, and by rea- son of the loss of his father he was denied many advantages which would otherwise have been his portion. His scholastic training was such as was to be had in the primitive schools of the pioneer days, and his attendance in the same was of a desultory nature, since he was com- pelled to early assume the practical responsi- bilities of life. As a young man he acquired a knowledge of the carpenter trade, and to this he devoted his attention more or less for a num- ber of yeans, in connection with farming. In about 1825 he was united in marriage to Miss Theresa Wiss, who was born in France, on the 30th of April, 1808, and who died in Colum- biana county, Ohio, in 1835, her parents hav- ing emigrated to America about the year 1809, first settling in Butler county, Pennsylvania, whence they later removed to Columbiana county, Ohio, being numbered among the early pioneers of that section of the state. A few years after his marriage Robert Walser re- moved from Columbiana county to Carroll county, where he secured a tract of land and developed a good farm. After the death of his first wife he married her sister. Miss Cath- erine Wiss, who was his cherished companion and helpmeet for many years, her death oc- curring on the 23d of December, 1876. There- after the father passed his time in the homes of his children, where he was accorded the utmost filial solicitude, and he died at the home of his daughter, Mrs. Simon Deiringer, of New- cassel, Wisconsin, on the 15th of February, 1887, at the age of nearly seventy-eight years. His first wife bore him three children, name- ly: John W., the immediate subject of this sketch: Barbara, who was born November 7, 183 1, is the wife of Frank Strobel, of New- cassel, Wisconsin ; and Eli, who was born April 26, 1833. married and resides in the city of Buffalo, New York: he was a lake and ocean sailor during the greater portion of his active life, and during the war of the Rebellion served in the Tenth New York Cavalry. Robert and Catherine (Wiss) Walser became the parents of four children, namely: Mary, who was bom August 18, 1835, married Joseph Rich- ardt and died in Canton, March 21, 1890; Catherine, born August 11, 1843, was first married tn John Aliller and after his death to Joseph Hearn, who •\\-as a soldier in the regular army for twenty-one years, within which time he ?er\-ed in the Civil war, being dis'chai-ged with the rank of colonel, and residing for a number of years thereafter in the city of Cleve- land, where his widow still maintains her home; Henry, born February 3, 1849, married ]\Iiss io6o OLD LANDMARKS Rosa Soltner, and they reside in Cleveland; and Martin, born July i6, 1S54, is likewise a resident of that city. John W. Walser, whose name initiates this sketch, was born on the parental homestead, in Hanover township, Columbiana county, Ohio, on the 15th of April, 1829, and he was a child at the time of his father's removal to Carroll county, where he was reared on a farm up to the age of thirteen, the homestead being located in Rose township and the land having been entered from the government by his fa- ther in 1823. The family abode for a num- ber of years was a log cabin of the type com- mon to the pioneer epoch, and, owing to the exigiences of time and place, his educational advantages were most meagre, and in his youth his entire schooling was comprised in the short period of fifteen months, covering three months during the winters of successive years. He was taken from school when thirteen years of age and was placed to work as a clerk and general utility boy in the general store of Harkness & Greer, pioneen merchants of Magnolia, Stark county, remaining with this firm for sev- eral years and gaining valuable business experi- ence, while his alert and receptive mind enabled him in the meanwhile to practically supplement the limited educational training which had been his in a direct way. During his first year of service he received nothing in the way of recompense save the experience gained, and his emolument for the second year was fifty dollars, which was increased to seventy-five for the third year, while he paid seventy-five cents per week for his board. He recalls that at that time eggs brought three cents per dozen, while butter was sold for five cents per pound, so that a parity was maintained in the matter of expenses. On one occasion it became his duty to dump hundreds of dozens of eggs into the canal, there being no demand for the same. While in the employ of this firm Mr. Walser on one occasion indulged in a little individual speculation, buying a quantity of pork, which he salted and cured for the spring market, but he received no offer for the product, since the worms and rats had in the meantime taken up claims and practically destroyed jthe provender. After leaving this firm he was employed for nine months as a clerk in the store of Thomas Stanton, at Hanover, and thereafter he as- sisted in the work of the home farm for about two years. At the expiration of this interval he secured a position as clerk in the store of Isaac Teller, at Magnolia, receiving three hun- dred dollars a year, which was considered a large salary. Later he again engaged with Mr. Harkness (Mr. Greer having died), with' whom he remained for about one and a half years, when Mr. Harkness died. He had saved the sum of three hundred and thirty-three dol- lars and now opened a modest grocery in Mag- nolia and thus gave inception to his independ- ent business career. Success attended his ef- forts, and he continued the enterprise until 1854, when he sold out and removed to Waynesburg, this county, where he conducted a general store for the ensuing decade. In 1864 he came to Canton, where he forthwith established himself in the provision business, associating himself with Peter M. Myers and opening an establishment on North Market street, where John Santry now has his store, and there they continued in business for a pe- riod of fifteen years, when Mr. Meyers died and the subject acquired the entire business, which he there individually continued until 1876, when he removed his quarters to the location of the present store of Isadore Lef- kovits. There he had a well equipped estab- lishment and conducted a large and representa- tive business until 1884, when he sold out to Julius Kline and retired from active business,, having acquired a competency through his en- ergy, industry and well-directed effort and be- ing known as one of the reliable and distinctly representative business men of the city and as- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1 06 1 a citizen of sterling worth. His success was achieved through the proper utihzation of the opportunities presented and through the bend- ing of his intrinsic powers along a definite hne, while his conservative policy and business sa- gacity enabled him to avoid mistakes and to make his success cumulative. He is a stock- holder in each the City National Bank' the Farmers' Bank and the George D. Harter Bank, the leading financial institutions of Can- ton. In 1S89 he became a stockholder in the Royal Brick Company, of which he was presi- dent at the time it was merged into the Metro- politan Brick Company, and he still retains his interests in the concern. He has made judi- cious investments in local realty and his posi- tion is that of one of the solid men of the com- munity and one whose career has been un- shadowed by wrong, so that he commands un- -equivocal confidence and good will. In poli- tics Mr. Walser gives his allegiance to the Democratic party, and though he has been a stanch supporter of its cause he has never had any personal ambition in a political way. He serived for a number of years as a member of the board of trustees of the Hartford poor fund, and he and his wife are communicants of the German Catholic church, in whose faith they were reared. At Magnolia, Stark county, on the 26th ■of September, 1852, Mr. Walser was united in marriage to Miss Magdalena Markling, who was born in Germany, in 1834, and who ac- companied her parents on their emigration to America when she was twelve years of age. She is a daughter of Clendennis and Magdalena (Christ) Markling, who settled in Ross town- ship, Carroll county, upon coming to America, and both of whom died in Canton. Mr. and Mrs. Walser became the parents of five chil- dren, concerning whom we incorporate brief record, as follows : W'illiam Henry, who was born in Magnolia, this county, August 23, 1853, was married, on the 15th of June, 1880, to Miss Mary Kress, and he died in Canton on the 23d of August, 1882; Henrietta, who was born in Waynesburg, October 21, 1854, is the wife of Henry L. Miller, of Canton; Laura, who w^ns born in Waynesbung, March 8, 1858, is the wife of John J. Schwalen, of Canton; Clorinda, born in Waynesburg, March 22, 1864, remains at the parental home; and Ce- lestia C, born in Canton, P'ebruary 21, 1868, is the wife of Charles A. Culp, of this city. REV. JOSIAH KP:IM was born in Holmes county, Ohio, December 8, 1834, and is a son of Moses and Lydia (Domes) Keim, of whom appropriate mention will be found in the biography of John Keim on another page of this volume. The childhood and youth of the subject were spent on the home farm and his early educational training included a knowl- edge of the branches constituting the common school course. After completing these he pur- sued his studies for some time in the Canton high school, subsequently entering Mt. Union College, which institution he attended for sev- eral years, meantime devoting his vacations to teaching, in which profession he soon achieved an honorable reputation. Mr. Keim began his carer as an educator at the age of eighteen and for some time thereafter divided his time be- tween teaching and attending school, making a fine record in both lines of work. He fol- lowed teaching continuously for a period of eighteen years and became widely and favor- ably known as an efficient and poular instruc- tor. In October, 1867, Mr. Keim was called to the ministry of the German Baptist church and during the ensuing- seventeen years devoted his time and talents to the duties of his sacred of- fice, preaching with great acceptance for a num- ber of congregations and proving an able ex- ponent of the doctrines peculiar to his denomi- nation. An impressive and eloquent advocate io62 OLD LANDMARKS in the German Baptist church, he took his posi- tion with what has since been known as the Progressive element and for five yeans there- after filled the pulpit at Louisville, the congre- gation increasing greatly under his pastorate. From 1894 to 1896 Rev. Keim had charge of the dining hall at Ashland University, but in the fall of the latter year resigned the place to resume the ministerial labors, accepting a call to the church at Winchester, to which he ministered with much acceptance for a period of four years. After much importunity on the part of the management of the Ashland Uni- versity Rev. Keim, in the year 1900, was again induced to take charge of the dining hall and he continued in that capacity to the great sat- isfaction of the faculty and students until the spring of 1902, Avhen he gave up the place per- manently and retmned to Louisville, where he is now living a retired life. In addition to his regular work of the min- istry and the running of the dining hall, Rev. Keim for about se\'en years held a clerical posi- tion in the Louisville Deposit Bank and while connected with that institution demonstrated business ability of a high order. Had he seen fit to devote his life entirely to secular pur- suits he no doubt \\'Ould have achieved a dis- tinguished career, possessing as he does those sterling mental characteristics which eminently qualify one for leadership and success in large enterprises. As an educator he won more than local repute, but it is by his labors as an able, earnest and faithful minister of the gospel that his usefulness to mankind is chiefly to be judged. As a preacher he is clear and concise in statement, logical in deduction, earnest in presenting the claims of the gospel and fearless in denouncing sin in whatever garb arrayed. He has been exceedingly provident but by no means parsimonious of his means, being free in contributing to all worthy objects and a liberal donor to charitable, benevolent and religious enterprises. As a neighbor and citizen, his standing has always been above reproach and his integrity has ever been of that kind which wins for the possessor the unbounded confi- dence and esteem of the people with whom he comes m contact. In politics Rev. Keim is a Republican in all the word implies and has been an earnest sup- porter of the principles of his party, but never an aspirant for the honors or emohunents of office. He is well versed on the leading public ciuestions of the day and his wide range of read- ing on general subjects has made him one of the best informed men of the community in which he resides. Mr. Keim has been twice married, the first time, in 1858, to Miss Mary A. Bosler, who died in 1872, leaving no children. On the lOth day of August, 1873, he w-as united in the bonds of wedlock with Sarah Hill, of Plain township, this county, daughter of Thomas Hill. JACOB MARKLING, vice-president of the National Wringer and Manufacturing Company of Canton, is a native of Carroll county, Ohio, and the son of John Adam and Margaret Markling, both born and reared in Germany. These parents, with three children, left their native country in 1845 '^^''^ came to the United States, settling on a farm in Carroll county, Ohio, where the father followed agri- cultural pursuits until his death, in the year 1872. Mrs. Markling departed this life in the same year in which her husband was called away, dying within less than a month after his departure. John A. and Margaret Markling- were industrious, estimable and highly re- garded in the community where they lived and their memory is still cherished by the people with whom they are mingled. They reared a family of ten children, five of whom have been reunited with them in the land beyond, the others li\-ing in various parts of the country CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1063 and faitli fully filling their respective stations in the workl. The year following the arrival of his parents in the United States witnessed the birth of Jacob Markling, the event occurring on the home! farm in Brown township, CaiToll county, Ohio, September 27, 1846. Reared in the country, his childhood and youth were spent working in the fields in the summer time and attending school during the winter months and he was thus engaged until taking up the shoemaker's trade, which he l^egan before reaching the years of manhood. After becom- ing an efficient workman, he followed the trade in his native county fori a period of four years, at the expiration of which time he came to Canton and entered the establishment of A. Schwertner, his arrival in this city dating from 1873. After remaining one year in the employ of Mr. Schwertner, Mr. Markling accepted a position in the Wilson Rake Factory, since known as the Koliler Company, but later re- signed his place there and engaged with James Dick, manufacturer of agricultural machinery, in whose works he continued in various ca- pacities until 1892. In that year the National Wringer Manufacturing Company was estab- lislied, Mr. Markling taking an interest in the concern and assisting in its organization. He was one of the prime movers in building up the company and establishing it on a solid finan- cial basis and to his efforts is the enterprise largely due for the continued prosperity which has characterized its subsequent history. From a subordinate position he gradually rose to a prominent place in the conduct of the com- pany's affairs and about the year 1897 he was elected vice-president, which office he has since filled with credit to himself and to the satis- faction of everybody' connected with the enter- prise. In tlie discharge of his official func- tions Mr. Markling displays not only marked alaility and a familiarity with every detail of the business, but his relations with the trade and with the public at large have been such as to win patronage for the company and add much to its high rating among the leading business agencies throughout the country. Mr. Mark- ling is a wide awake, energetic business man and as such has done- much to promote the in- dustrial growth of Canton, not only by estab- lishing an important enterprise but by making it meet the high expectations of its projectors and by giving employment to a large force of workmen, all of whom spend their salaries in the city. In the year 1878, in Malvern, Ohio, was solemnized the ceremony by which Mr. Mark- ling and Miss Elizabeth Ebur, of that town, were united in the holy bonds of wedlock, the marriage resulting in the birth of children as follows : Margaret, Mayme. William E., Henry H., Stella and James A. In his political faith Mr. Markling is a zealous Democrat and since old enough to cast a ballot has been unwavering in his allegiance to his partv. He takes an active interest in the leading questions and issues of the day, on all of which he is well informed, and supports the cause of Democracy from principle and not from the fact of inherited political tendencies. In religion he is a Catholic, and with his fam- ily belongs to St. Peter's church, to the material support of which he is a free and liberal con- tributor. A member of the Catholic Mutual Benefit Association, he makes his presence felt as an influential force in that excellent organ- ization, in addition to which he is also zealous in all lines of religious and philanthropic work under the supervision of the church and equally acti\e in the support of charitable and benevo- lent institutions of a secular and public char- acter. JACOB P. FAWCETT was born at Boyce Station, Allegheny county, Pennsyl- vania, on the 2d of January, 1851. being a son of Andrew and Elizabeth ( Pennypacker) Faw- 1064 OLD LANDMARKS cett, both of whom were Hkewise natives of the old Keystone state and representatives of stanch old Pennsylvania families. The father of the subject devoted his life to agricultural pursuits in Pennsylvania, and there died, his death occiu-ring in January, 1866, at which time he was sixty years of age. His wife passed away in 1901, at the age of eighty-one years. They became the parents of nine children, of whom four are living at the present time. Both were members of the Methodist Episco- pal church, and Mr. Fawcett was a stanch Re- publican in his political proclivities, having identified himself with the party at the time of its organization. On December 9, 1866, the widowed mother came to Stark county, Ohio, settling at Mt. Union, now the sixth ward of Alliance, and there died. Jacob P. Fawcett received his early 'edu- cational discipline in the common schools of Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, and at the age of sixteen years was matriculated in Mount Union College, near Alliance, this county, where he completed the scientific course and was graduated in July, 1871, receiving the de- gree of Bachelor of Science. He put his schol- astic acquirements to practical use, engaging in teaching school for two years, while he also took up the study of the law in the office and under the direction of W^illiam C. Pippitt, a well known and able member of the bar of Alliance, and he was admitted to practice on the qth of April, 1874, being well fortified for the ac!i\-e work of his chosen profession. He was engaged in practice in Alliance for two years, at the expiration of which, in August, 1877, he came to Canton, where he has since resided, and where he has built up a large and important business in his profession. For a numlier of years Mr. Fawcett has taken a prom- inent part in public affairs and is one of the leaders in the local ranks of the Republican party. In 1S76, while a resident of Mount Union, he served as its mayor, and from 1882 to 1886 he was a member of the city council of Canton, representing the seventh ward, while in the latter year he was president of the body. In 1 886 he was appointed by Governor Foraker to the office of probate judge of Stark county, receiving this appointment in November, and at the regular election, in November of the fol- lowing year, he was chosen as his own succes- sor and was re-elected in 1890, thus serving consecutively on the probate bench for a period of seven years and three months. In 1894 he was appointed, by the court of common pleas, a member of the tax commission for the city of Canton, in which capacity he served six years. In 1901 he was appointed a director of the Stark county work house, and at the first meeting of that body thereafter was chosen its president, of which position he has ever since remained incumbent. For six years Mr. Faw- cett was attorney of the Ohio dairy and food department for the eighteenth congressional district of the state, and his services in both the above mentioned capacities have proved of marked value and acceptability. He was for two years a member of the Republican state central committee, for three years chairman of the Republican central committee of Stark county, while for the long period of fifteen years he was a member of the executive committee of the party in the county and four years a member of the Republican congressional com- mittee, holding both at present. In 1903 Mayor Smith appointed him a member of the board of public safety for the city of Canton, for a term of four 3'ears. From the above statements it will be seen that Mr. Fawcett's abilities have been called into requisition in a significant way, and his course has ever been such as to com- mand to him the unqualified confidence and es- teem of all, while as a member of the bar he has won a prestige which stands to his credit and which indicates his thorough understanding of the science of jurisprudence and his power to make proper application of such knowledge. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1065 His efforts while on the probate bencli were such as to conserve equity and justice and every trust reposed in him has been held inviolable. Fraternally he is identified with the Knights of Pythias, the Independent Order of Odd Fel- lows and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. On the 6th of February, 1877, was sol- emnized the marriage of Mr. Fawcett to ]\Iiss Jennie M. Mitchell, daughter of John H. Mitchell, United States senator from Oregon, and of this union have been born four children : Mattie E., Howard B., Ralph M. and John A. ISAIAH OBERLIN.— In the subject of this sketch is presented an example of a well spent life, in that it was largely consecrated to the good of his kind and so emplo^'ed as to in- sure him an abundant entrance into those man- sions of which the Savior spake when he said, "I go to prepare a place for you, that where I am there ye may be also." Although dead, and by the world at large forgotten, Isaiah Ober- lin still lives in the memories of those with whom he once mingled — those friends and neighbors who trod with him the same rugged path 6f experience and from him received so many manifestations of kindness and regard. He was born in Stark county, Ohio, February 9, 1833, the son of Peter and Susannah Ob- erlin, of whom specific notice wmII be found on another page of this volume. He was the youngest of a family of ten children, and spent "his early years on the homestead, dividing his time during his minority between attending the public schools and assisting with the labors of the farm. Later he pursued his studies for some years in the Belleville high school, and when a youth of about seventeen joined the tide of emigration to the far west in quest of fortune in the California gold fields. Mr. Ob- €rlin's experiences in that far away country •were thrilling in the extreme and his adventures among the mountains and mining camps, and with the rough element, which in the early day constituted the major part of the western pop- ulace, would, if written in detail, make a goodly sized volume of interesting" reading. Whether he was successful in securing that which al- lured him so far from home, the writer cannot with certainty speak, but it is evident that his life amid so many strange vicissitudes and rough experiences inured him to life in its ^•arious phases and developed not only strong and vigorous bodily powers but a spirit of self assertion that subsequently enabled him to take advantage of opportunities and mould cir- cumstances to suit his purposes. At the ex- piration of his adventurous career he returned to Stark county and became a contented and in due time a prosperous farmer, and as such con- tinued to the end of his days, meanwhile by well directed industry acquiring sufficient means to live comfortably until called from the scene of his earthly struggles. Mr. Oberlin was married, in 1863, to Miss Fianna Fox, who was boni in 1841, in Pennsylvania, and six years later with her parents, William and Catherine (Eby) Fox, came to Stark county, Ohio, the family settling in Tuscarawas town- ship. To Mr. and Mrs. Oberlin were born six children, the oldest of whom is Edson A., who for over twenty years was one of Stark county's successful and popular teachers. He was married to Miss Nellie Malone, of this county, and is the father of one son by the name of PJdson, and at the present time lives in Cleveland, where he is engaged in the lum- ber business. William, the second son, mar- ried Lizzie Stoner, who has borne him two children. Glenn and Russell ; he is in the min- ing business and resides in Tuscarawas. A. M. was born and reared in Tuscarawas town- sliip, received his educational training in the public schools and Mt. Union College and is now engaged in agricultural pursuits, owning a fine farm of his own, beside an interest in io66 OLD LANDMARKS the old homestead. On the latter place is a rich coal bank which he has developed and from which he derives no little part of his in- come. Mrs. E. S. Miller, the fourth of the family, is the mother of one child, Munford. Franklin, the next in order of birth, died when an infant, and Thurman, the youngest, lives with his widowed mother on the home place. Mr. Oberlin was a Democrat in politics and all of his sons are adherents of the same party. In religion he was a member of the Reformed church and his life was. ever a com- mendable example of Christianity practicilly applied. Mrs. Oberlin does not subscribe to the same faith her husband professed, being a communicant of the Lutheran church. Mr. Oberlin's career was that of a good man and obliging neighbor and a worthy, law abiding citizen, and his death, which occurred on the 7th day of April, 1900. was greatly deplored in the community where he had so long lived and prospered. JACOB HILDEXBIDDLE has long en- joyed marked prestige as one of the leading farmers and representative men of the town- ship in which he lives and of which he is a na- tive son. His ancestors in this country were among the early settlers of Pennsylvania, his father. John Hildenbiddle, having been born in Lancaster county, that state, about the year 1790. In early life John Hildenbiddle leanied the blacksmith trade and worked at the same in his native state until about 1838, when he came to Stark county, Ohio, and settled on one hundred and sixty acres of land about a half mile southwest of Louisville. His father, Jacob Hildenbiddle, a wagonmaker by trade, preceded him to this county by about one year and located at the above place. John Hilden- biddle cleared and improved a fine farm, but six years later sold the place and removed to Canton where, in partnership with a friend, he engaged in the manufacture of gun barrels. After follo\ving the business about three years he changed his residence to Freeburg, where with, the exception of two years he spent the remainder of his life, devoting his attention the meantime to agricultural pursuits and the man- ufacture of lumber. During the years 1850 and 1 85 1 he ran a hotel in Louisville, being in- duced to engage in that business on account of the Pennsylvania Railroad, then in process of construction through that part of the state. Mr. Hildenbiddle was a man of excellent repute and for many years figured Cjuite prominently in the public afl:'airs of the various localities in which be lived. In early life he was an active supporter of the Democratic party, but at the breaking out of the great Civil war he changed his political views and from that time to his death was an unswerving Republican. He was a devout member of the Reformed church and lived a faithful Christian life until called to the church triumphant at the ripe old age of eighty-two. dying in the year 1881. Before her marriage the wife of John Hildenbiddle was Miss Mary Binkley. She bore him nine children, six of whom survive, namely : Re- becca, wife of Daniel Smith, of Marshall coun- ty, Indiana : Leah, wife of Adam Gibb, of Can- ton : Amanda, widow of the late Jefferson Rank, of Canton : ]\Iary, who married Andrew Reese, of Freeburg; Jacob, the subject of this sketch : and Henry, who also makes Freeburg his home. Jacob Hildenbiddle was boni on the pa- ternal homestead in Ximishillen township. Stark county. March 6, 1843. His early ex- periences included the usual routine of farm work of summer seasons \-aried by a few months attendance each winter at a school taught in an old log cabin, which had been used for educational purposes since the early settle- ment of the counti^'. Young Jacob made the most of his opportunities, but at best his in- tellectual training was limited as his time was CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 1067 needed on the farm. He remained at home un- til twenty years of age, at which time he be- gan- earning money of his own by running a saw-miU, a venture which proved reasonably remunerative. In 1871 he abandoned the lum- ber business and engaged in agrculture, pur- chasing an eighty-acre farm in Washington township, to which he took a companion and helpmate one year later, October 17, 1872, in the person of Miss Jane Packer, a i:ative of Co- lumbiana county, and daughter of Michael Packer, who moved to the county of Stark in 1866. Michael and Catherine (Pentz) Pack- er were natives of Pennsylvania, and Mrs. Hildenbiddle's grandfather, John Packer, cami? from the Keystone state to Ohio in an early day, locating southeast of Alliance, and dying on the farm where he settled. T^Iichael Packer lived on the old homestead until 1866, when he moved to Washington township. Stark county, where he died. June 17, 1872. his wid- ow surviving until July 4, 1886. They had one son, Addison, who died ]May 17, 1877. During the ten years following his mar- riage Mr. Hildenbiddle cultivated his farm with encouraging results, but in 1881 disposed of the place at a good figure and two years later purchased his present farm of one hundred and ten acres, situated a short distance north of Louisville. As an enterprising and progres- sive agriculturist Mr. Hildenbiddle has long enjoyed distinctive precedence and that he made a success of his chosen calling is attested by the comfortable fortune which enabled him to re- tire from the farm in 1894 and take up his resi- dence in Louisville. Since moving to the vil- lage he has devoted his attention principally to buying and selling wool, handling live stock, not as a means of accumulating wealth, but rather to afford him something to do. having always been accustomed to an active and busy life. However, he has made his present busi- ness quite successful and from it and the pro- ceeds of the farm he recei\'es an income which adds -^-ery materially to the handsome compe- tence now in his possession. Politically Mn. Hildenbiddle is a Republi- can, with a tendency towards prohibition, hav- ing long been an uncompromising foe of the liquor traffic, which he looks upon as the great- est curse of the land and the crying evil of the da}^ He is a member of the Reform church and for eight years has held the office of dea- con in the congregation worshipping at Louis- ville. Unostentatious in character, his cour,'- teous manner, genial disposition and genuine wortli, have endeared him to all with whom he mangles, and he is justly recognized as one of the estimable and resourceful men of the com- munity in which he resides. Mr. Hildenbiddle owns one of the hand- somest pri\'ate residences in Louisville and he has not been sparing in furnishing his home with the comforts and conveniences which make life so pleasant and agreeable. Mr. and Mrys. Hildenbiddle have had two children, one of whom is living, namely : Homer, a draftsman in the employ of the Morgan Engineering Works. STEPHEN SCHELL.— Joseph Schell, the subject's father, was born about the year 1 82 1 in Columbiana county, Ohio, and lived there imtil 1853, when he came to Stark coun- ty, where the remainder of his life was spent. In his younger days he worked at the shoe- maker's trade, but after coming to this part of the '^tate he purchased a farm of two hundred acres in Washington township and from that time until his death devoted his attention to the pursuit of agriculture, in connection with which he also did considerable in the way of con- tracting throughout the county, and also ran a saw-mill, adding very materially to his in- come from this source. He early took an act- ive interest in public and political afifairs and became considerable of a politician, having been io68 OLD LANDMARKS one of the Republican leaders in Stark for a number of years. He was elected in i860 to rep- resent the county in the lower house of the general assembly and made an honorable rec- ord as a legislator, having been chosen his own successor in 1862. He served with distinction in the fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth general as- semblies and made a reputation in which his constituents felt great pride. He was justice ■of the peace for a number of years and in addi- tion thereto held several minor local positions, in all of which he discharged his duties with credit to himself and to the satisfaction of the public. The maiden name of Mrs. Joseph Schell was Anna M. Fryfogle; she was born in Maryland in 1822 and when quite young was taken by her parents to Columbiana county, Ohio, where she grew to womanhood and mar- ried. She bore her husband nine children, and departed this life in 1897, at the age of seventy- five; Mr. Schell died on the 15th day of June, 1866. Of the nine children boni to this excel- lent couple the following are now living : Ste- phen, of this review; Elizabeth, wife of Henry Shaffer, of this county; Abigail, wife of Caleb ■Oyster; Perry, and Ella, who married D. M. Calement, the last three living in the city of AJliance. Stephen Schell was born in Knox township, Columbiana county, Ohio, on the 3d of April, 1846. He remained on the home farm as his father's assistant until seventeen years old, when, with tnue patriotic fervor, he entered the service of his country, enlisting June 14, 1863, in Company A, First Ohio Heavy Artillery. Shortly after that date he went to the front, but two months later, with one hundred and five others of his command, was sent to John- son's Island in charge of a light battery. He remained at that place until the close of the ■war and saw no active duty further than the usual gun practice and daily drill. Mr. Schell received his discharge on the 5th of August, 1865, at Camp Dennison, and immediately thereafter returned home and resumed the pur- suit of agriculture on the home place. After his father's death he took charge of the farm and managed it two years, at the expiration of which time he entered the employ of the Cleve- land & Pittsburg Railroad as brakeman, a posi- tion he held for a period of thirteen months. Severing his connection with the road, he made an extensive tour through Indiana, Illinois, Iowa and other states, at the conclusion of which he returned to Columbiana county where, on the 15th of June, 1871, he was united in marriage to Miss Sallie Knoll, a na- tive of Pennsylvania, and daughter of Jacob Knoll. During the three years following his mar- riage Mr. Schell farmed on rented land, but in 1875 he purchased a small place of forty acres in Knox township, Columbiana county, which he cultivated with fair success until changing his residence, in 1888, to the town of Home- worth, in the same county. Mr. Schell lived in that village about two years, when he disposed of his interests there and in 1890 moved to his present home in Louisville, Stark county, where he has since been doing a prosperous business, handling buggies, all kinds of vehicles, farm- ing implements, etc., in addition to which he also has considerable lumber interests. Since locating in Louisville Mr. Schell has built up a large and lucrative trade, both in the lines of goods handled and in lumber and is now one of the most enterprising and successful busi- ness men of the town. He has been a con- spicuous figure in the public affairs of the com- munity, taking an active interest in whatever concerns the well being of the town. Mr. Schell is a pronounced Republican in his political be- lief, but he has never permitted his name to be used in connection with public office, having no aspirations in that direction. He is a firm believer in Christianity and for a number of years has been a faithful and devoted member of the Reformed church, in which he now holds CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1069 the office of deacon. Fraternally he belongs to the Grdnci Army of the Republic, being a char- ter member of George D. Harter Post No. 555, at Canton. Mr. and Mrs. Schell had, one child, a daughter by the name of Sylvia, who died some years ago. T. CLARKE MILLER, M. D., is the son of James and Margaret (Miller) Miller, the father a native of North Ireland, the mother born and reared in Pennsylvania. By occupa- tion James Miller was a tiller of the soil. He came to the United States many years ago, and spent the greater part of his life in Pennsyl- vania, dying in Ohio about 1882 at the age of eighty-six. James Miller's father was Samuel Miller and his wife was the daughter of Rich- ard Miller, who was a soldier during the war of the Revolution. Samuel and Richard Miller were natives of Ireland or Scotland. The original ancestors of both were Scotch, and the characteristics of that race have been very pronounced in their descendants to the present day. Dr. T. Clarke Miller was born in Butler county, Pennsylvania, on the 17th day of July, 1842, and spent the first fifteen years of his life in his native state. About 1857 he ac- companied his parents to Iowa, but three years later returned to Pennsylvania, locating at Pittsburg, where in 1861 he enlisted in Com- pany F, Ninth Pennsylvania Infantry, which formed part of the Reserve Corps organized by special act of the general assembly, the state having already furnished more than its full quota of troops. Dr. Miller gave three years to the service of his country and took part in a number of the most noted battles of the Vir- ginia campaigns, in one of which, Fredericks- burg, he received a slight wound, otherwise he escaped injury or capture. At the close of the war he returned home and at once began pre- paring himself for the profession which he had previously decided to make his life work. His literary education, aside from the common school course, was obtained principally in the town of Dayton, Pennsylvania, and he began reading medicine with Dr. M. L. Miller, of Blairsville, Pennsylvania, subsequntly studying for some time under the direction of Dr. W. J. Scott. After spending about the usual time with private instructors, he entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Cleveland, from which institution he was graduated in 1867, being one of the three highest in a class of thir- ty. On receiving his degree Dr. Miller opened an office at Newberg, Ohio, then a suburb of Cleveland but now included in the city limits- as the eighteenth ward, and there practiced for a period of two years. At the expiration of that time he removed to the city proper. Dr. Miller conducted a general practice in Cleveland during a residence there of fave or six years, and removed at the end of that time to Mas- sillon. While in Cleveland he served four years as coroner of Cuyahoga county and was also a member of the board of pension ex- aminers in that city from 1878 to 1884 in- clusive. Since the year 1887 he has been health officer of Massillon, aside from which' he has held no public positions. He is identified with the various medical societies of the city, county and state. Dr. Miller was married, in 1868, to Miss Mary A. Culbertson, daughter of Isaac and Mary (McChesney) Culbertson, a union blessed with five children, of whom three sons are living, namely: Charles Rush, Thomas C. and Clarke C. Charles R. was educated in the School of Applied Sciences in Cleveland and at the present time is engaged as a mining engineer in West Virginia; Thomas, who also attended the above institution, is a member of the corps of civil engineers in the city of Cleve- land, and Clarke is likewise doing engineering- work in the state of Indiana. 1 070 OLD LANDMARKS ELI WALKER, retired farmer and one of the oldest native-born citizens of Nimishillen township, is the son of Matthias and Ehzabeth (Baughnian) Walker, the father a native of Pennsylvania, the mother born in Ohio. Ja- cob Walker, father of Matthias, was also a Pennsylvanian and spent the greater part of his life in Somerset county. Later he joined his sons in Stark county, Ohio, and passed the remain- der of his days on a farm in Paris township, dying here many years ago at a ripe old age. When a young man of eighteen Matthias Walk- er, accompanied by his brother Jonas, left their home in Somerset county, Pennsylvania, and journeyed to Stark cijunty, Ohio, for the pur- pose of improving a quarter section of land in the township of Paris which the father had purchased from the government a short time before. The country was new at the time and until their arrival not a stick of timber had been cut from the tract on which the brothers settled. After hastily constructing a rude log cabin they addressed themselves to the more formidable task of clearing and otherwise fitting for culti- vation an area of sufficient magnitude to pro- vide them with the necessities of life, prepara- tory to their further labor in the forest. In due time a small field was cleared and sown in wheat, which, harvested the following year, furnished breadstuff for the entire family, the father and the rest of the children having the meantime joined the two brothers in their wil- derness home. Jonas Walker subsequently re- turned to Pennsylvania, but Matthias, having married, moved from the original purchase to an eighty-acre tract in Nimishillen township which his wife had received in a dowry from her father. To this place he afterwards added until his farm contained one hundred and forty- eight acres, the greater part of which was cleared and brought to a high state of cultiva- tion. Matthias Walker was a true type of the strong, rugged pioneer of the olden time, and experienced all the hardships and vicissitudes of the period in which he lived. Like the ma- jority of early settlers, he was possessed of strong convictions politically and religiously and never hesitated to express his opinions fear- lessly upon these two important subjects. He was a Jacksonian Democrat of the old school and as such took an active and prominent part in the early campaigns of the county, having been to some extent a leader of political thought in his immediate neighborhood. The Lutheran church represented his religious creed and he lived a faithful and conscientious Christian life to the end of his days. To Matthias and Eliza- beth Walker were boj'n five children, of whom the following are living at this time; Eli, the subject of this sketch, Albert, a well-known citizen of this county, and Matthias, whose home is in the village of Osnaburg. Eli Walker was born in Nimishillen town- ship on the 24th day of March, 1833, and has made Stark county his home ever since. Reared on a farm when the country was comparatively new. his youthful years were spent amid a round of toil in woods and fields and he early learned to appreciate honest endeavor at its true value. He grew up a strong and sturdy young man, assisting his father during the spring, summer and part of the fall seasons, and in winter time attended school a few months in the old-fashioned log school house. Young Walker remained under the parental roof un- til attaining his majority and it was not un- til his twenty-second year that he began life for himself as a farmer on the pa- ternal homestead. In 1856 he took to himself a wife and helpmate in the person of Miss Catherine Julliard, who was brought to the L'nited States when three years old by her par- ents, John and Annetta Julliard, who were among the well-known residents of Paris town- ship. Mr. Walker continued agricultural pur- suits on the home farm until 1864, when he and his brother-in-law, George Julliard, purchased in partnership the Julliard homestead in Paris CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1 07 1 township, consisting of one hundred and fifty acres. One year later the subject moved to this place, but after residing about one year thereon sold his interest in the farm, also eighty acres in Osnaburg which he had previously pur- chased, and invested the proceeds in a fine farm of one hundred and twenty-two acres in the township of \Vashington. Moving to the last named place, he at once inaugurated a system of improvements which soon made it one of the best cultivated farms in the county, also one of the most valuable of its area. He took high rank as an energetic, progressive agriculturist, obtained the largest possible results from the time and labor expended and by adopting mod- ern methods kept ]jace with the times in e\-ery- thing relating to agricultural science. Mr. Walker lived in Washington township for a period of twenty-three years, during which time, by successful management and well di- rected thrift, he succeeded in accumulating a sufficiency of worldl}' wealth to enable him to turn his farm over to other hands and seek that rest and quietude to which he was so much en- titled; accordingly, in i88g, he rented his place and removed to Louisville, where, in a beautiful home supplied with all the comforts and con- \eniences calculated to make life desirable, he has since been living in honorable retirement. Mr. Walker is a close observer and keeps himself fully informed on the great public questions and political issues of the day. He is a stanch supporter of the Democratic party, and as such was elected the trustee of Washing- ton township, in which capacity he served one term of two years. Since taking up his abode in Louisville he has been three times elected trustee of Nimishillen township, his long con- tinuance in the office attesting the confidence of the people in his integrity and business abilitv. Religiously he subscribes to the Lutheran cliurch and since uniting with the church his daily life has been in harmony with the faith which he professes. Personally Mr. Walker is one of the highly esteemed citizens of this com- munity, his name being synonymous with all that is upright and honorable in manhood. Mrs. Walker has been her husband's adviser and ear- nest co-laborer m all of his endeavor and not a little of his financial success is due to her judi- cious counsel and active assistance. She also belongs to the Lutheran church and is a humble and zealous Christian, deeply interested in re- ligious and benevolent work, and proves by her actions the genuineness and great value of ap- plied Christianity. Mr. and Mrs. Walker have five children : Olena, wife of Frank Auer, of Louisville; Elenora, widow of the late Curtis Wilson, of Canton; Ida, who married Elmer Lilly, of Alliance; Mary Augusta, wife of J. D. Lovett, proprietor of the Union Pacific Hotel, Cheyenne Wells, Colorado, and Wilda, who is still a member of the home circle. W1LLLA.M MYERS is descended pater- nally from an old Pennsylvania family, and maternally from equally and respected ancestors whose genealogy is traceable to an early period in the history of Maryland. John Myers, father of the subject, was born in Pennsylvania, in 18 1 6. and when a child of four years was ta- ken by his grandfather to Stark county, Ohio, from whence he subsequently moved to the county of Summit, where he is now living at the advanced age of eighty-six. His wife, Mary Middlekauff, was born in Maryland in 1821, and, as the name indicates, her family was of German origin. .She bore him ten children, of whom five are living, and departed this life in the year 1887. John Myers was reared a farmer, and followed that calling in Wayne county until acquiring a competence, since which time he has lived a life of retirement. A man of great firmness and strength of will, he has long been an influential citizen, and his character and integrity have been such as to command the approbation of the people among I072 OLD LANDMARKS whom he hves. In poHtics a straightout Demo- crat, with the courage of his convictions, and in every relation a man of sterhng worth, he may be taken as a conspicuous type of a class only too rare in this day and generation. William Myers, whose name introduces this review, is the fifth of the ten children constituting his father's family, and he dates his birth from the 31st of March, 1851. He first saw the light of day in Wayne county, and his early experiences on his father's farm was helpful in laying the foundation of a vigorous physi- cal growth, and the development of a well rounded character. Reared to habits of toil and thrift and trained in the school of practical experience, he was early taught to rely upon himself, a lesson very thoroughly learned, as his subsequent career abundantly demonstrated. In his younger days Mr. Myers received about the usual amount of intellectual discipline in the common schools, and at the age of twenty- frve years began farming for himself in his native county, where he continued to reside un- til 1876, when he moved to the county of Stark. He now owns a beautiful place of eighty-three acres in Tuscarawas township, which by well- directed industry has been greatly improved in fertility and productiveness, comparing favor- ably with any farm of a like area in that part of the county. Mr. Myers is a typical agricul- turist, and pursues his vocation with an interest and zeal which never fails of liberal financial results. He is an ardent supporter of the Demo- cratic party, but has never aspired to public honors nor disturbed his quiet by partisan strife having no ambition for the former, nor any taste for the latter. Mr. Myers' married life began November 30, 1875, when he was joined in wedlock to Miss Mary E. Bender, of Wayne county, daughter of Daniel and Mary (Mc- Davit) Bender, both parents natives of Penn- sylvania. The family circle at this time, ex- clusive of Mr. Myers and wife, consists of three sons, John C, Daniel W. and Adrian G., each of whom combines in his physical and mental make-up many of the excellent char- acteristics for which the parents are distin- guished. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN FETROW was born in York county, Pennsylvania, on the 22d of July, 1 814, being a son of Andrew and Phoebe (Speakman) Fetrow, the former of whom was born in York county and the latter in I-ancaster county, that state, where both fam- ilies were founded in the early colonial epoch. In the year which marked the birth of the sub- ject of this sketch they left their native state and came to Stark county, Ohio, which was at that time a sylvan wilderness, the white settlers being few and usually far distant one from an- other. In this county Andrew Fetrow pur- chased four hundred and eighty acres of land and instituted the work of reclamation, while here he passed a number of years under the primitive pioneer conditions, though he event- ually returned to his native state of Pennsyl- vania and passed the closing years of his life in Cumberland county, where he died. In 1 83 1 his widow, in company with her children, came again to Ohio, locating in Wayne coun- ty, where she continued to reside until she was sum.moned into eternal rest, in 1838, at the age of fifty-seven years. In 1849 her son Ben- jamin F., the immediate subject of this re- view, who had been reared and educated partly in Pennsylvania and partly in Ohio, came to Sugar Creek township, this county, where he effected the purchase of three hundred and six- teen acres of land, the greater portion of which was reclaimed under his supervision, while by his earnest and indefatigable efforts he accum- ulated a competency, becoming the owner of one of the best landed estates in this section of the county. He has presented to each of his children a farm and one thousand dollars in cash, and this fact signifies not only his finan- MR. AND MRS. B. F. FETROW. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1073 cial status, but also his deep paternal atl'ection, indulgence antl solicitude. When he arrived in Wayne county, this state, his capitalistic re- sources were summed up in the amount of twenty-five cents, and this he expended for food for his mother. He has been the archi- tect of his own fortunes and is particularly de- serving of that proud American title, a self- made man. For twenty-two years he followed the blacksmith trade to a greater or less ex- tent, later conducted a profitable business as a drover, while his acti\-e identification with the agricultural industry extended over a longf pe- riod of years. He was formerly associated with Austin A. Hay in the general merchandise business in Beach City, his former partner likewise being one of the honored pioneers of this section and one of whom specific mention is made on another page of this volume, and for about four years he was also engaged in the buying and shipping of grain. From these simple statements it is apparent that Mr. Fet- row has been distinctively a man of afifairs, while as a citizen he has ever been true to duty, aiding in all good works for the benefit of the community and retaining the unqualified es- teem of all with whom he has come in contact. In politics he was originally arrayed in sup- port of the Whig party, and as such had the privilege of voting for W^illiam Henry Harri- son for President, while he identified himself with the -Republican party shortly after its organization and as a stalwart adherent of the same cast his ballot in support of Benjamin Harrison for the presidency, thus endorsing both the grandfather and grandson, both of whom won honorable places in the history of the nation as chief executives of its govern- ment. He was for a number of years incum- bent of the office of township supervisor, and was shown other marks of popular confidence and esteem. IMr. Fetrow has ever ordered and guided his life according to the teachings of the lowly Nazarene, having been a member of the 67 church since he was fifteen years of age. While a resident of Wayne county he was affiliated with the Methodist Episcopal church, but upon coming to Stark county he identified himself with the United Brethren church, of which he has ever since been a zealous and devoted mem- ber, while he has ever been liberal in his sup-, port of religious work, in which connection it may be appropriately stated that he has con- trilnited more than two thousand dollars to- ward the erection of diiYerent churches. All of his children are likewise members of the United Brethren church, and thus have not de- parted from the faith in which they were so carefully and conscientiously reared, while their mother was likewise a signally earnest member of the church, as is also the present wife of our subject. Mr. Fetrow has eighteen grandchildren and sixteen great-grandchil- dren and all are members of the same church with which he has so long been itlentified, the United Brethren. During the entije period of his residence in Stark county, covering more than half a century, the subject has been a con- stant subscriber to the Canton Repository, one of the oldest papers in the county. He is at the present time the owner of three hundred and sixteen acres of valuable land in Stark county, while he also owns a quarter section of land in Floyd county, Texas. He is revered as one of the patriarchs of the community, and in the golden evening of his days is solaced by the esteem of a host of friends. C)n the 26th of September, 1837, Mr. Fet- row was united in marriage to Miss Emaline Harris, who was born in Wayne county, this state, a daughter of Warren Harris, one of the sterling pioneers of that county, and of this union five children were born, of whom three are yet living, namely: Jane, who is the wife of Henry Read, a successful farmer of Sugar Creek township. Stark county; Ellen, who is the wife of George Howard, who is engaged in farming in Stark county; and William D., who 1074 OLD LANDMARKS is a representative farmer of Sugar Creek townsliip. The devoted wife and mother was summoned into eternal rest on the iitli of December, 1887, at the age of seventy-two years, and on the 26th of December, 1888, Mr. Fetrow married Mrs. Mary (Freeman) Low- rey, who was born in Wayne county, this state, and whose tirst husband, Henry H. Lowrey, was killed in the war of the Rebellion. JACOB DUPONT is a native of Stark county, Ohio, born in Marlborough township on the 15th of December, 1845, being one of three children whose parents were John and Margaret (Giant) Dupont. John Dupont and wife Avere born in Belford, France, and there grew to maturity and married. Shortly after their marriage they came to the United States and settled in Stark county, Ohio, purchasing a small farm of forty acres in Mulljerry town- .ship, on which they lived until the father's death, in 1847. He was accidentally killed by falling from a barn which he was building, being in the very prime of life when the ac- cident occurred. Of his three children two are living, the subject of this review and Rose A., who married Andrew Schoffin, of Canton. Some time after the death of John Dupont his widow married a second husband by the name of John B. Cunion, by whom she had five children, namely : August, a resident of Louis- ville ; Peter, who manages the home farm ; Jane, a sister in a convent at New Bedford, Pennsylvania; Louise, wife of Fred Blockler, of Middlebranch, Ohio, and Amelia, wife of Samuel De Vaux, a liveryman of Louisville. Jacob Dupont spent the first twelve years of his life at home and then, owing to circum- stances over which he had no control, was obliged to begin the struggle with the world upon his own responsibility. He earned his first wages as a farm hand, and in this way worked until his seventeenth year, meantime as opportunities aii'orded attending the district schools of his neighborhood. Abandoning farm labor, he secured employment in a brick yard in Canton, and during the ensuing four years devoted the summer seasons to this kind of work, spending the winter months as a coal miner. In 1867 he came to Louisville and for about nine years thereafter was in the employ of Nicholas Merley, who operated a large brick yard, the subject during the interim becom- ing familiar with every detail of brick making as well as obtaining a practical knowledge of business affairs. With a laudable ambition to rise above the common level of a mere wage earner, Mr. Dupont, in 1876, with liis brother August and a Mr. Landon, formed a partnership for the manufacture of brick, which, under the name of the Centennial Brick Company, soon proved a most fortunate and well paying vent- ure. As originally organized the firm did a thriving business for about three years, at the expiration of which time Mr. Merley, the sub- ject's former employer, purchased Mr. Lan- don's interest and as thus constituted the com- pany continued six years, meanwhile extend- ing the scope of its operations until becoming one of the leading concerns of the kind in the county. The name adopted at the time of Mr. Merley's admission was that of Merely, Du- pont & Company, and by such it continued to be designated until the clay supply became ex- hausted, when Mr. Dupont disposed of his share in the plant and purchased a fourth in- terest in the Stoneware and Tile Company of Louisville, the transaction being consummated in 1885. I\Tr. Dupont was identified with the latter enterprise about four years, at the end of which time the company sold out their interest in Louisville and established a plant at Brazil, Indiana, under the name of the Brazil Brick & Pipe Company, the object of which \vas the manufacturer of all kinds of fire bricks, tiling, glazed under-ground brick, conduits, CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1075 and various other articles of a similar charac- ter. Mr. Dupont looked after the management of the Brazil enterprise and in due time suc- ceeded in establishing quite a large business, which he conducted with success and financial profit for a period of seven years, at the ex- piration of which time he sold out to his partners and in 1897 returned to Louisville, where he has since lived a retired life. During the many years in which he was connected with the brick and tile industry he served in the capacity of superintendent or foreman and the burden of the business management in- variably rested upon his shoulders. In no instance did be fail to meet the high expec- tations of his associates, all of whom acknowl- edged their indebtedness to him for the measure of success which crowned their joint efforts as manufacturers and business men. At this point it would be almost tautological to enter into a series of statements to the intent of showing Mr. Dupont a man of broad in- telligence, progressive ideas and public spirit, as these have been shadowed forth between the lines of this review. A man of marked individuality and great force of character, to which may be added soundness of judgment, executive ability of a high order and a shrewd knowledge of men, as well as of the principles governing business transactions, he has been able to manage successfully large interests and realize therefrom the greatest possible results. In politics he is a Democrat, believing thoroughly in the principles of the party as a party of the people, and being ever ready to labor in its behalf or make sacrifices for its success. He served two terms in the town council and as a member of that body dis- charged his duty with a view of the munici- pality in every respect. Religiously Mr. Du- pont was born and reared a Catholic and he has always lived within the pale of the Holy Church, being loyal in his allegiance to its doctrines and traditions and faithful to its divinely appointed precepts. As an obliging neighbor and faithful friend, few men in Ninii- sliillen township are held in as high personal esteem as Mr. Dupont. Mr. Dupont has a comfortable home in Louisville, where he is now living, free from the cares which so long attended him during his active business career. His domestic ties have been of the most pleasant and agreeable nature and he looks forward to many peaceful years in which to enjoy the fruits of liis in- dustry and thrift. He was married on the 4th day of May, 1871, to Miss Sophia Jordan, of Stark county, a most estimable lady who has proven a faithful wife and true helpmate in all the terms imply; she has borne him two children, John, superintendent of the Brazil Clay Works, Brazil, Indiana, and Clara, now the wife of Frank Liscke, of Louisville. ROBERT D. BRADLEY, son of Edward and Mary (DeRome) Bradley, was born May 13, 1848, in the old historic city of Preston, Lancashire, England, and there spent the first sixteen years of his life, the meanwhile receiv- ing a fair educational training in the public schools. While a mere youth he entered the cotton mills of his native place, where he was employed several years, and by close economy he succeeded in saving while thus engaged suffi- cient money to pay his way to the United States, for which country he sailed when a lad of only sixteen. Taking passage at Liverpool, lie arrived in due time at New York, and from that city went to Portage, Wisconsin, where for several years he was employed in a sash, door and blind factory as stationary engineer. While at Portage he was married, in 1871, to Miss Carrie Davis, a sister of his present busi- ness associate, and two years later resigned his position there and went to Allegheny, Penn- svlvania, where he accepted a similar post in the Crawford Malleable Iron Works. After 10/6 OLD LANDMARKS running the engine in the latter estabhshment for a period of eight years and saving a snug sum of money, he went to Kansas and invested his means in cattle and hogs, which venture at the expiration of three years proved finan- cially disastrous. Disposing of what interests remained in his possession, Mr. Bradley, in 1882, came to Canton, Ohio, and during the ensuing four years held a subordinate posi- tion with the Whitman & Barnes Manufactur- ing Company. His valuable services were in due time recognized by his employers, and by successive promotions he ultimately reached the position of assistant superintendent, in which capacity he continued at Canton for a period of seven years. \Vhen the company finally moved their works to Akron, he was made the superin- tendent at that place, and as such discliarged his duties three years, the meanwhile developing rare efficiency and skill in the line of his work and continually adding to his reputation as an able, far-sighted business man and manager of important intersts. Severing his connection with his employers at Akron, in 1894, Mr. Bradley returned to Canton, and four years later, in partnership with Edwin Davis, began in the manufacture of seamless rubber goods, a line of industry with which he has since been identified. Messrs. Bradley and Davis began their enterprise on a small scale, establishing the business in a part of the subject's home on East Williams street, on the site now occupied by the large brick building in which the firm carries on its ex- tensive and steadily increasing operations. The growth of the business from its modest begin- ning more than met the highest expectations of the founders and within a short time it was found necessary to remove it from the original quarters into a building of enlarged propor- tions; accordingly, in 1899, the brick edifice as noted above was erected, but the demands of the trade continuing to increase, an addi- tion of the same size was built the following year, making the plant as it now stands one hundred and ten by fifty feet in area and three stories high. The building is furnished with the latest and most approved machinery and appliances for the manufacture of the differ- ent lines of goods with which the firm supplies the market, a large force of skilled artisans is given employment, and the enterprise has rap- idly come to the front as the leading industry of its kind in Canton, and as one of the most important of the city's many industrial es- tablishments. Mr. Bradley has traveled extensively in- the interest of the business^ visiting all the leading commercial centers in the United States and Canada, establishing wherever he has gone a lucrative trade, and his efforts on the road have done much to establish and strengthen the high prestige the firm now enjoys. The firm of which Mr. Bradley is the head manu- factures a number of articles never heretofore put upon the market, several of which are the result of his own inventi\ e genius and mechani- cal skill. Among these devices is an improved rubber bottle, for which he has received letters patent, and he was also among the first to make a seamless rubber tissue finger-cot, and prob- ably the first to introduce the justly noted seamless rubber glove, for which there is such a large and constantly growing demand. Re- cently Mr. Bradley made an extensive tour through England, Ireland, Scotland, and other countries of Europe, during which he com- bined business with pleasure, as he established agencies for the sale of his goods in many of the leading cities, in addition to re-visiting tha scenes of his childhood and renewing acquaint- ances with his friends and companions of for- mer years. Although leading a very busy and in many respects an exacting life and experienc- ing his full share of the difficulties which arise in the career of nearly every successful man, it must not be inferred that Mr. Bradley has been so immersed in his own affairs as to lose CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1077 sight of his obHgations to the community as a citizen. Interested in all that is calculated to benefit his fellow men, materially, educa- tionally and morally, his influence has always been exerted in the right tlirection and from what he has accomplished in the various ave- nvies in which his talents have been employed it is easy to see that his duties to the public liave not been neglected. In politics Mr. Bradley is a Republican, but lie has been too busy to mingle much in party affairs, or to distract his attention with any official aspiration. He is a Mason of high stand- ing, belonging to chapter, commandery and Lodge of Perfection, in all of which he mani- fests an abiding interest, and the principles of which enter very largely into his life and to a great extent govern his deahngs with his fel- low citizens. His personal relations are of the most pleasant and agreeable character, and ■socially, with his estimable wife, he enjoys the •esteem and high regard of a large circle of friends in the city of his residence and in other places where known. WILLIAM MAXHEIMER, retired far- mer, and one of the old and venerated citizens of Tuscarawas township, was born August 26, 181 8, in Franklin county, Pennsylvania, being the son of Christian and Nancy Maxheimer. of the same county and state. As the name indi- cates, the Maxheimer family is of German ori- gin, and its first representati\'e in America was ■the subject's grandfather. William Maxheimer. who came to the United States in a ver\- early day, and spent the remainder of his life in Franklin county, Pennsylvania. Christian Maxheimer was reared to manhood in that county, and there married Xancy Crider, whose ancestors were also among the early settlers in the western part of the state. About the year 1820 Christian Maxheimer moved his family to Stark county, Ohio, setthng in Tuscarawas township, where he purchased land, cleared and developed a good farm of one hundred and sixty acres, and in due time became one of the leading agriculturists and substantial citi- zens of the community. For many years he was quite an active politician of the old Whig school, later became a pronounced adherent of the Republican party, and by reason of his sound sense and excellent judgment was chosen trustee of his" township, which office he held as long as he permitted himself to be re-elected. In early life he became an expert cabinetmaker, and he used his mechanical skill after coming to Stark county by making various articles of household furniture for the early settlers, al- though his principal occupation was that of a tiller of the soil. Religiously he was a member of the United Brethren church, to which com- munion his wife also belonged, and as earnest and devoted Christians both used their best en- deavor to bring up their children in the way they should go by early implanting in their minds and hearts the correct principles by which their own lives were directed and controlled. Mr. Maxheimer died in 1885, at the age of eighty-eight, his wife preceding him to the silent land in 1870, when seventy-two years old. Of their eight children only one is living at the present time, \^'illiam. the subject of this review. Mrs. William Alaxheimer was the daughter of George Crider, who, as stated else- where, was among the early residents of .Stark county, moving his family to what is now Tus- carawas township, as long ago as 18 19. His descendants are still living in the community where he originally located, and are numbered among the most enterprising, intelligent and upright people of this section of the state. Reverting to the ],>ersonal history of W'il!- iam Maxheimer, it is learned that he was a child of about two years when his parents changed their abode to the county of Stark, and since 1820 he has lived in Tuscarawas township, meanwhile prospering in temporal things and I078 OLD LANDMARKS establishing a reputation for industry, honor and integrity which has made him widely and favorably known as a man and citizen. The early life of Mr. Maxheinier on his father's farm tended to develop a strong and rugged physique and in the rough school of experience he learned the lesson of practical industry and honorable endeavor, which later inured so greatly to his advantage in the accumulation of material wealth and in the forming of a sturdy, manly character. With willing hands and decided purpose he assisted his father until such a time as it became necessary for him to engage in the struggle of life for himself, and it was then that he decided, after mature de- liberation, to devote his time and energies to the ancient and honorable calling of agricul- ture. When twenty-two years old he began tilling the soil upon his own responsibility, and continued the same with a large measure of suc- cess until the accumulation of an ample com- petence, and the infirmities incident to advanc- ing age, induced him to forego further activity and seek in a life of retirement the rest, recrea- tion and quietude which his long and arduous struggles so well entitled him. He has always been greatly interested in organized means for promoting the farmer's vocations, and to him as much as any other man is due the credit of establishing upon a firm and permanent ba'si? the Agricultural Society of Stark county, in the organization of which he was an influential factor. The initial meeting of the society was held on the Samuel Crider farm in Tuscarawas township, and among tliose present was iVIr. Maxheimer, who presided over the delibera- tions. From that occasion to the present time he has been untiring in his efforts to promote the interests of the org;mization, and that it has been a success and fully met the purposes for which intended is as much due his labors in its behalf as those of any other individual. In matters politic Mr. Maxhenner was a Whig, and as such wielded an influence for the party in his community until it went out of existence, after which he became an uncompromising sup- porter of its successor, tjhe Republican party. It was his privilege to cast a vote for Gen. Will- iam Henry Harrison, or "Old Tippecanoe," as he was then called, for President, and later supported for the same high oflice the hero's grandson, Benjamm Harrison, of Indiana, be- ing a great admirer of the two distinguished men. He has never entertained any political aspirations, contenting himself with voting his principles, and working in the interest of the ticket. He has long been a friend of educa- tion, and as a member of the school board he has done much to foster and keep alive an interest in intellectual training in the township of Tuscarav.'as. Owing to circumstances over which he had no control, his early education was considerably limited. Realizing the value- of education in a free country, where the sov- ereign power is vested in the masses, he has done all within his power to diffuse knowledge among the people of his own community to- the end that they might become intelligent,^ broad-minded citizens with a proper apprecia- tion of the responsibilities resting upon them as members of the body politic. The married life of Mr. Maxheimer dates- from April ii, 1844, when was solemnized the ceremony which united him in the bonds of wedlock with Miss Elizabeth Cole, a native of Jefferson county, this state. Five children have been born to this union, the oldest of whom, Cecelia, is the wife of Nathan Moftitt, whose sketch will be found elsewhere in this volume. Clarinda, the second, married L. P. Slusser,. and is the mother of two children, Rollin and William. Franklin, the third child and oldest son of the family, married Miss Miller, of Wooster, Ohio, and has offspring as follows: William, Stella, Florence, Benjamin, Glenn, Ray and Perry. Clara, tiie fourth in order of birth, is not living. After her comes Sheridan, the youngest of the family, who took a wife in CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. to79 the person of Miss Laura Oberlin, whose old- est child, Mary E., died in the year 1902. Mr. and Mrs. Maxheimer lived a happy married life of fifty-seven years' duration, when the union was terminated by the death of the lat- ter, who entered unto rest August 3, 1901, at the age of seventy-five. She was a devoted companion and faithful help-mate, a loving and indulgent mother, and lier long residence in the community endeared her to all with whom she associated. Mr. Maxheimer occupies a high position in the estimation of his acquaintances and fellow citizens, and stands among: the sub- stantial men of his part of the county. CLATON F. BREMER, farmer and auc- tioneer, one of the best known citizens of Tus- carawas township, is a native of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, where his birth occurred on the 19th of September, 1864. The Bremers have figured in the annals of Lancaster county from a very remote period, the subject's grand- father, Jacob Bremer, having been born there in the year 1793. Susan Eshbaugh, who be- came the wife of Jacob, was also a native of the county of Lancaster, born on the 27th dav of August, 1796. Just when the ancestors of this couple settled in • Pennsylvania is not known, but it is supposed to have been early in the eighteenth century, as both names are familiar in various parts of Lancaster county and con- sidered as belonging to the early familieg of that part of the state. Jacob Bremer reared a family of twelve children, and departed this life in 1862. Of this large family there are but two living representatives, David and Mattie. David Bremer was born in Lancaster count\-. Pennsylvania, January 29, 1837, and when a young man married Miss Hattie Furgeson, whose birth occurred in the same county No- vember 27, 1 841. Mrs. Bremer is the daugh- ter of Abram Furgeson, who was born in the county of Lancaster in 1829, and who is still living at the ripe old age of ninety-two years. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Susan Green, first saw the light of day in 1818, and died in her native state of Pennsylvania in the year 1884. To this old couple were born nine children, and it is a rather remarkable fact that, with the single exception of the mother, death has not invaded the family circle. David Bre- mer has devoted his life to agricultural pur- suits, and at the present time has a small but beautifully situated and exceedingly fertile farm, about four miles west of Massillon, in the township of Tuscarawas. He is now serving his third term as county trustee, and during the last thirty-tiiree or thirty-four years his name has become quite widely known as a pubhc auc- tioneer, a capacity in which he has achieved distinctive success. David Bremer and wife are the parents of quite a large family, thir- teen in all, whose names are as follows : Susan, the oldest, married C. S. Hartman, of Stark county, and is the mother of two children, Sadie and Fannie, the former deceased ; Emma, the second in order of birth, is the wife of H. B. Sweigart, of this county; Martin was born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, received his education in the public schools in Massillon, and for some years has been in the employ of Sonhalta Brothers, leading merchants of Mas- sillon. Fie married, June 22, 1892, Miss Ida Wiclit, v\-ho has borne him two sons, Ralph F. and Harold M. ; Claton h'., the subject of this review, is the fourth of the family, and after him comes Simon F., who married Miss Ma- linda Wericli, a union resulting in three sons, Edward, Earl and Willard; following Simon is Lillie, wife of Samuel Wenger, of Wayne county, this state, who has borne her husband children as follows: Emma B., deceased, Harry, Murrell, and Floyd. Abram, the sev- enth in succession, married Pearl Werich, and is the father of twin sons, Roy and Ray ; David, the eighth of the family, married Miss Ada Baer, the union being blessed with a son by io8o OLD LANDMARKS the name of Raymond ; John is also a married man, and is tlie father of one child, Gladys, whoFe mother was formerly Miss Nora Miller ; Ferres, the tenth of the children, married Miss Bertha Brinkcr, a union without issue : the three young-est, Edward, Ester and Lottie ]\'I., are still with the parents. The early life of Claton F. Breiner was spent on the home farm, and at the ]iroper age he entered the district school of his township; not ending the same until in his teens. Unlike the majority of country youths, he l)egan life for himself at quite an early age, entering when but fifteen years old upon his career as a public salesman, which, in connection with agricultural pursuits, he has since followed with most encouraging success. As a farmer he is careful and methodi- cal, as the one hundred and fifty-five acres which he culti\'ates abundantly attest, and that he has been fortunate in his business afTairs gen- erally is demonstrated by the many evidences of material comfort which he has provided for himself and those dependent upon him. As an auctioneer ]\Ir. 13remer has few equals and no superiors in this part of the state. With a natural fluency of language, which enables him to set forth the favorable qualities of articles ofYered for sale, is coml^ined a thorough knowl- edge of value and soundness of judgment in matters of business, both facts being greatly to his own advantage as well as to the interest of the parties whose property he disposes of at public venue. Politically he is one of the lead- ing Republicans in his township, and in public affairs he has always been deeply interested, taking an active part in all measures for the material advancement of his township and county, and giving a generous support to every enterprise for the niorrd and social good of the community. Mr. Bremer was married August 8, 1891, to Miss Emma Hollinger, of Canal Fulton, a union blessed with one child, Howard C, wliose birth occurred on the 13th day of June, 1901. Above all other considerations Air. Bremer is a man of marked domestic tastes, being devotedly attached to his wife, his child and his home. In the family circle he finds his chief happiness and all his interests ajjpear to cluster around the fireside. Mrs. Bremer is a lady possessed of qualities which ha\-e retained not only the love and affection of her immediate household, but als(.i the grateful appreciation of all aa ho know her. JOSEPH .STIBBS PIARFER was born in Canton in 1839. Canton was then only a fair- sized village. l)ut the fact that it was the capi- tal town of a rich and populous county enabled it to put on an air of some importance. Jo- seph's father, Isaac Harter, was one of the early settlers. He first kept a country store, and then established a ver}' successful bank. His father came from Germany. Joseph's mother was of Irish-English stock. The earlier schools of Canton were of a liigh order. In these Joseph, who was the old- est child, received an excellent elemental edu- cation. Although of a Protestant family, he received his elementary education in St. Peter's (Catholic) school. In practical matters he profited largely in his father's store. Many of its patrons were Germans — he learned Ger- man. A considerable number were French — he learned French. He became a ready extem- poraneous speaker, being just as fluent in cor- rect German as in English. Tliese things show the tireless aggressiveness of his mental nature. Physically he was a little above the average height, and he was in every respect a very strik- ing personality, ha\"ing been noted for his manly beauty. After leaving the Canton schools he spent two years in the Aliami University. Fol- lowing upon that he entered the junior class at Kenyon College, at Gambler, and college records, in both institutions, put him in the front rank. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 1081 When the war of the Rebellion broke out the subject was at Kenyon. He dropped his books and enlisted in the Nineteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, one of the first Ohio regi- ments, being made up largely of Canton men. He v/as first lieutenant of Company A. through the three-mondis campaign in West Virginia. At tlie end of its first term, the Nineteenth, re- sponding to President Lincoln's proclamation. prepared to reorganize for a three years' cam- paign. Conscious of his ability to do so, young Harter resolved to enlist a company and go to the front with the rank of captain. But in this project he was confronted by a mot her" s veto — a veto having behind it, as supporting factors. Iris youth, his unfinished college term ; also a another's solicitude — perhaps a presentiment. Mrs. Harter was one of the kind of mothers one reads about in the biographies of men of mark ; a mother whose counsels were heeded. She realized the country's danger and its need, but probabl}' she hoped for the early peace that Secretary Seward had predicted. She pro- jiosed a compromise. If Joseph would finish his college course, which would be in the follow- ing June, he should be free to do as he wished. And so young Harter went back to "serve out his time." Some of his classmates lived to be- come men of note. One was Edward Stanton, son of Lincoln's famous war secretary. An- other was James S. Kilbourne, of Columbus, a man who has won very honorable distiriCtion. Speaking of Joseph Harter at college he re- marked : "His was the quickest and strongest mind in our class, and he gave promise of greater distinction in future life than any mem- ber of the class." And his old regiment, the Nineteenth, had also gone back to the front, and had passed through tiie fiery flames of Pittsburg Landing and Corin.th, on the west. And the North had made the awful useless sacrifice of its thousands and tens of thousands at Malvern Hill and Manassas in the east. And then, just in the nick of time, only a few days after Joseph's graduation, came President Lin- coln's third proclamation. The first was for seventy-fi^■e thousand three-months men; young Harter had been one of these. The sec- ond, May 3, 1 86 1, was for five hundred thou- sand men for three years, to which call over seven luindred thousand responded. Tbe third, Julv 2, 1862, was for three hundred thousand men ; more than four hundred and fifty thou- sand entered the ranks. One of the new Ohio regiments recruited under this call was the One Hundred and Fifteenth Ohio Volunteer In- fantry, Tlie muster-roll of the One Hundred and Fifteenth, announced on September 19, 1862, gave the first official information of the new step Mr. Harter had taken, as follows : "Company E, ninety-eight men ; captain, Jo- seph S. Harter; first lieutenant, J. J. Mohler; second lieutenant, George Ilershey." One of the names printed on this muster-roll was that of Corpora! George D. Harter, a younger brother of Joseph. He rose to the rank of captain, and lived to be mustered out in July, 1865, at the end of the war, after a most honor- able term of miiitar}- service. Prior to his death, which occurred in 1890, he had come to be recognized as one of the most useful and prominent citizens of Canton. When the com- panies destined for the One Hundred and Fif- teenth had been nearly filled they went into a camp that had been established at Massillon in the early nart of August, 1862. The One Him- dred and Fourth Regiment, which had reached its limit a little earlier, was already in camp there. Both regiments were largely from Stark county. Captain Harter had aimed to enter his company in the One Hundred and Fourth, but he had been somewhat handicapped. Be- fore his college term had ended other companies had been getting together in anticipation of the new proclamation, and these often com- prised men who would liave been quick to en- 1082 OLD LANDMARKS list with him. By the time his complement had been renched the One Hundred and Fourth was full. The year succeeding the episode at Camp Massillon was far the most eventful in the en- tire history of the American republic. During that year the names of Murfreesboro, Vicks- burg, Gettysburg, Chickamauga and Chatta- nooga had been deeply graven on the tablets of the nation. Little wonder that an enemy whose sturdy valor and power was equal to a survival fro)n such mighty conflicts should fill the land with very grave apprehension. That such an enemy should have many sympathizers, and e-\'en well-wishers, in the North, was by no means surprising. Even in Stark county cer- tain districts were peopled by considerable num- bers who entertained such unpatriotic views. During the occupation of Camp Massillon a government draft was also in progress for the purpose of equalizing the burdens of war, by compellmg recalcitrant townships to furnish their quota of soldiers for the national defense. The malcontents were not without a form, of organization, and their cause was zealously and openly championed by a Canton newspaper. Emboldened by the departure of the regiments from Camp Massillon, the Southern element called a meeting of anti-draft sympathizers at the county seat. The speakers at that meeting were arrested and imprisoned and the refract- ory townships had to bring in their quotas, which ended the movement for the time being. An event of unusual local interest was a re- view of the One Hundred and Fourth and One Hundred and Fifteenth Regiments by Gov- ernor David Tod. Governor Tod, who had been a conspicuous defendei- of southern poli- cies before the war, had espoused the Union cause with great ardor. The Governor and Captain Harter were ver}- close friends, and it was. hoped that the fervid appeal sure to be made by a chief executive with such antece- dents would be of avail in giving a new im- pulse to the support of the national cause in this part of Ohio. The attendance was enor- mous, and the effect of the demonstration was mostly salutary. It may be said, incidentally, that, a few months later, Clement L. Vallandigham, being candidate for the office of governor, became a champion of the southern cause of national re- pute. An order was issued for his arrest and deportation beyond the military lines and into the companionship of his rebel friends. On his- way south, and while he was in Cincinnati, Captain Harter had the custody of his person. Three days before the One Hundred and Fifteenth left Camp Massillon it received a visit from Mr. Isaac Harter. fatlier of the Captain. He was the treasurer of the Canton city bounty fund, and, in that capacity, he handed to each soldier from Canton the sum of fifty dollars. The boys had pledged their time, with the risks of war, for three years at thirteen dollars per month, and this send-off by their home friends, at the hand of Mr. Harter, was a graceful act and was gratefully appreciated. The One Hundred and Fifteenth was trans- ferred from Camp Chase to Cincinnati early in October. In those days Cincinnati and Louis- ville were really border cities. Rebel advances c.nd guerrilla tactics necessitated a large pro- tecting force, of which the new regiment con- stituted part. Later on the regiment was divided into two battalions ; the first, under Colonel Lucy, was stationed at Maysville, Ken- tucky, the second, comprising Captain Har- ter's company, was commanded by Lieutenant- Colonel Boone and remained in Cincinnati. Be- tween the gieat armies south of the Ohio river and the sources of supplies north of the river the collecting, guarding and forwarding of men and supplies constituted a vast work and one that could be entrusted only to men of the high- est order of ability and trustworthiness. The battalion of the One Hundred and Fifteenth at Cincinnati was thus engaged during more than CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1083 it5; first year of service. Ten months of this service had ah-eady elapsed when a telegram lo his family announced that Captain Harter had been seriously wounded. The dispatch was dated August 24, 1863. He died two days af- terward. In regard to tlie immediate circum- stances of his death, and what followed, it will be more satisfactory to quote from an article printed at the time, in the Canton Republican of September 3, 1863, as follows: The obsequies of Captain Joseph S. Harter, of Company E, One Hundred and Fifteenth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, were held in this city on Saturday, August 29, 1863- His remains were interred in the new cemetery. The military escort was the most imposing ceremony of the kind ever beheld here. Captain Ball's company, in uniform, formed the main escort. A squad of thirteen of Captain Harter's men also followed the hearse. The pall-bearers were commissioned officers. Colonel Manderson, of the Nineteenth Ohio, conducted the military exercises. A very long procession of rela- tives and friends also followed the remains to their last resting place. The wound of which Captain Harter died can not be attributed to carelessness. On the evening of Mon- day, the 24th ult., a number of officers were assembled at the headquarters of Colonel T. C. Boone. The latter ordered his acting adjutant to get him his revolvers. As they were being taken down from where they hung one of the revolvers dropped from the holster and fell on the floor, striking on the cock and discharging the pistol. The ball pierced Captain Harter through the body, inflicting a wound of which he died on the morning of Wednesdaj-, August 26, 1S63. Deceased was twenty- four years of age, and was a young man of most unusual promise. The peculiarly distressing circumstances of his untimely death have enlisted the most earnest sym- pathy for his grief-stricken parents and relatives. He was among the first to volunteer in this county. He served in the old Nineteenth Ohio Volunteer Infan- try, a three-months regiment, in West Virginia, first as orderly, then as lieutenant in Company A- Last sum- mer he raised the company he has since commanded. By the unanimous testimony of the officers and men of the One Hundred and Fifteenth he has always acquitted himself nobly and he has commanded their unbounded respect and confidence. Especially and most deeply do the members of his own company regret their heavy loss. They begged the privilege of escorting home his remains, and at their own expense — a request that the officers in command deemed it impossible to grant. The commissioned officers of the regiment passed the following "Testimonial of Respect:" Headquarters Battalion iisth O. V. I., Cincinnati, O., August 26, 1863. At a meeting of the commissioned officers of the battalion of the One Hundred and Fifteenth Ohio Vol- unteer Infantry, stationed in this city, of which Lieu- tenant-Colonel T. C. Boone was chairman and Captain H. R. Hill secretary, the following resolutions, proposed by a committee consisting of Major H. B. Johnson, Captain A J. Ware and Lieutenant T. W. Saxton, were unanimously adopted : First. Resolved, That we, the officers of the One Hundred and Fifteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, have just learned, v/ith the deepest emotions of sorrow, of the deatli of our highly respected fellow officer. Captain Joseph S. Harter, of Company E of this regiment. Second. Resolved, That Captain Harter, by his indefatigable attention to duty, his patriotic ardor, his genial manners and his manly character, had endeared himself to all. Rssolved, That we warmly sympathize with the family of the deceased, who, by this dire dispensation of divine providence, lose a beloved son and brother, this regiment a faithful and efficient officer, and the govern- ment one of its most willing and ardent supporters. The esteem in which the deceased captain had been held was evidenced by the official ac- tion of all the civic, social and military bodies with which he had been connected, and in terms indicative of a keen appreciation of the loss that had befallen his friends and his country. Had Joseph S. Harter lived until now (1903) this w^ould be his sixty-fourth year. In- to the mind of the friend of his youth who has thus endeavored to present to contemporary readers the outlines of a most precious life that was ruthlessly exacted by an incident of the war in defense of his country, there comes this query ; What might have been his career had he been spared ? That career seemed to be just at the turning point. He was known to have been impatient of the service in which he had been occupied and to have expected an advancement. In fact, on the very day of his death a letter from the secretary of war, summoning him to Washington, came to his address. What hon- ors might so gifted a man have aspired to, what high places reached in military, and sub- sequently in civil life. "Vain queries," "vain thoughts," you say. Not so vain as you may think. Can the lesson of such an example to the men of the republic e\er be lost — the example of a youth who. 1084 OLD LANDMARKS though favored I)y e\'ery fortune, heard the very first cry of liis country's distress, and who shouted back: "Here am I; send me!" If he culled no laurels from the battle field, he, none the less, gave the great sacrifice upon the altar of his country. He did his best, gave his all, gave his life, to perpetuate liberty, and to show future generations how to live and die for free- dom and native land. JOHN L. WARSTLER.— The family of which Mr. W'arstler is an honorable repre- sentative came to Stark county in an early day and figured conspicuously in the pioneer his- tory of Plain township. His grandfather. Christian Warstler, a native of Pennsylvania, moved his family to that part of the county in 1804, when the settlers were few and far between and entered a section and a half of land, which subsequently became one of the highly improved and valuable tracts of real estate in the township. Christian Warstler was a man of gi-eat energy and marked force •of character and well endowed mentally and physically for the rugged duties of the pioneer period. He cleared and de\ eloped a fine farm, took a leading part in the general improve- ment of the country and left the impress of "his strong personality deeply impressed upon the community which he assisted to establish. He became one of tlie large land owners and representative agriculturists of the county and lived to a good old age, departing this life December 26, 1858, in his eighty-eighth year. His family consisted of a wife, one son, Dan- iel, and a daughter, Margaret, both of whom were born before the parents moved to the new home in the wilds of Stark county. Daniel Warstler was born September 24, 1804, in Pennsylvania, and was about three years old when the family removed to Ohio, lie grew to maturity amid the stirring scenes of pioneer times and began life for himself as a tiller of the soil, inheriting at his father's death the large tract of real estate which the latter originally purchased from the govern- ment. Like his father, he too became an in- iluential factor in the material development of the country and for many years was recognized as one of the most intelligent, progressive and public-spirited men of the township in which he lived. As a farmer he took high rank and as a business man his judgment and sound, practical sense caused his advice to be eagerly sought by his fellow citizens in matters of business and in the adjustment of differences, tluis saving them much unnecessary and ex- ]>ensive litigation. When a young man he married Miss Catherine Lind, who was born in Maryland on the 21st day of September, 18 10. She bore him eleven chddren, six of whom sur- vive, and died at her home in Plain township December 7, 1S83, at the age of seventy-three years. Daniel Warstler also lived to a good old age, departing this life later in the "eight- ies," honored and respected by the people among whom he had so long been a leader in temporal affairs. The following are the names of the children of Daniel and Catherine Warst- ler, now living: John L., whose name intro- duces this article: Christian^ a farmer and prominent citizen of Plain township; Aaron, who lives in the town of New Berlin; David and Daniel, also residents of Plain; and Levi, who makes his home in Louisville. John L. Warstler was bom in Plain town- ship. Stark county, Ohio, December 30, 1835, and grew to young manhood in close touch with nature on the paternal homestead. He was reared to habits of industry and his mind early received those correct impressions \\hich had such a decided influence in shaping his character and directing his life into proper channels. At intervals he attended such schools as the county afforded, but in the main his education consists of a large fund of valu- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1085. ble practical knowledge, acquired by coming in contact with the world in the various business capacities that have occupied his attention from time to time. In the year 1858 Mr. Warstler was united in marriage with ^Miss Harriet Essex, of Stark county, and immediately thereafter located at New Baltimore, where he engaged in the manu- facture of lumber upon quite an extensive scale. After operating a large saw-mill at that place for about four years he purchased a farm of one hundred and twenty acres in the same township, and during the eight years following devoted his attention to agricultural pursuits with most encouraging financial results. At, the expiration of that time he disposed of his place, and for a short time thereafter lived in Plain township, subsequently entering the em- ploy of D. Lind & Company, of Canton, manu- facturers of flour and lumber. After spending about one year with that firm he purchased a small farm in the township of Nimishillen, where he made his home until 1897, when he retired from agriculture and took up his resi- dence in Louisville. Meantime, 1880, Mr. Warstler erected an establishment, a mile east of Louisville, for the manufacture of tile and rock-faced brick, the first enterprise of the kind in this part of the state, and was instrumental in bringing the industry up to the large pro- portions which it has since assumed. The rock- faced brick made at the factory continued to grow in favor as a building material until the dem^and exceeded the supply, consequently the capacity of the establishment was enlarged and a greater force of workmen employed. It is now one of the leading industries of the county and bids fair to grow to still larger pro- portions in the future. In the spring of 1902 Mr. \Varstler sold the old home farm which he had long owned and purchased what is known as the Henry Krall farm, a fine place of one hundred and sixty-five acres admirably situated about four miles north west of Louisville. This farm is cultivated by a tenant and from it the proprietor receives no small share of his income. Mr. Warstler conducted his manufacturing interests for a number of years, and his name became widely and favorably known in industrial circles throughout the state. Plentifully endowed with that most admirable of all qualities, good common sense, supplemented by sound judg- ment, keen discrimination, superior business training and a thorough knowletlge of the un- derlying principles governing business trans- actions, he has carried to successful issue every enterprise, and has been fairly and honorably successful. For a number of years he served as school director, and as such was untiring in his efforts to advance the cause of education and proniote a higher standard of intellectual and professional fitness on the part of the teach- ing force. Politically Mr. Warstler is a Re- publican; while active in supporting his party and upholding its principles he has had little time to devote to purely partisan affairs, mak- ing politics and every other consideration sub- ordinate to his business interests. During the dark days of the great rebellion Mr. Warstler enlisted, May 20, 1864, in Company H, One Hundred and Sixty-second Ohio ^''olunteer In- fantry, serving until September 4, 1864, when he received an honorable discharge. He had prior to his enlistment been a member of the Home Guards. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Warstler has been blessed with three children, namely: Glancy, a business man of Middletown, Ohio ; Ida R., wife of Henry Preston, of Terre Haute, Indiana ; and Leora, who married John R. Kagey, of Louisville. Adam Essex, the father of Mrs. Warstler, came to Stark county when a boy, his father, Simon Essex, having been one of the pioneers of Plain township. The name has long been familiar, and those bearing it have been among the county's most reputable and enterprising citizens. io86 OLD LANDMARKS JOSEPH COLEMAN is a native of Eng- land, born on the 4th day of July, 1823, at a place called Laken Heath. His father, William Coleman, was born and reared in the same town, as was also his mother, who bore the maiden name of Bailey. The subject's pa- ternal grandfather was William Coleman, a na- tive of England. Joseph Coleman spent his childhood and early youth at or near the place of his birth, and when ten and a half years old was brought by his parents to the United States, making the journey to this country in 1834. The family landed at New York, and from that city proceeded to Dundas, Canada, thence about one year later to the city of Hamilton, in the same province, where they lived for only a lim- ited period. From the latter place William Coleman changed his residence to Detroit, Michigan, where he lived about one and a half years, supporting his family during that time as a brick mason, which trade the subject's older brothers also learned. In the year 1837 Mr. Coleman moved to Massillon, Ohio, in which city he spent the remainder of his life, dying here in 1868, at the advanced age of eighty-six, his wife having preceded him to the other life in 1842 when sixty-two years old. Joseph Coleman accompanied his parents to the different places in which they lived, the mean- time, as opportunity afforded, attending the public schools. The greater part of his edu- cational training was obtained in Massillon, and it was also in this city that he began life for himself, engaging in business about the year 1845 with some financial assistance from his brother, every cent of which he repaid before the latter's death. Before that time, however, he entered the jewelry store conducted by Mar- tin A. Withington to learn the jeweler's trade, and after becoming a proficient workman and obtaining a practical knowledge of business, purchased in the above year a stock of goods and opened an establishment of his own. Mr. Coleman soon secured a liberal share of patron- age in his line, and, being a skillful jeweler, it was not long until he had more work than he* could do. Accordingly he employed assistants from time to time and in the course of a few years commanded the largest and most lucra- tive jewelry trade in the city. He achieved an enviable reputation as a sound, practical busi- ness man, and by strict attention and well di- rected energy succeeded in laying the founda- tion of the large fortune which he accumulated as the years went by. His establishment was not only the largest and most extensively pat- ronized of the kind in the city, but its reputa- tion became wide spread so that he drew a goodly portion of his patronage from other places, meanwhile by judicious investments re- alizing liberal returns from his surplus capital. Mr. Coleman was actively identified with the jewelry trade for a period of fifty-six years, and his is one of the most successful business careers in the history of Massillon. Having ac- quired a handsome fortune and becoming weary of the pressing cares of business, the latter largely superinduced by the natural infirmities incident to increasing age, he turned over his establishment in 1901 to his son, Albert H., and since that time has been enjoying the rest of which he had so long stood in need. While devoting attention primarily to his private affairs, Mr. Coleman has not been un- mindful of other enterprises of a business and financial nature, having to the extent of his ability given encouragement to various interests calculated to promote the material welfare of the city of his residence. He was one of the prime jnovers in the organization of the Union National Bank, of Massillon, and, as stated in the initial paragraph, served thirteen years as president of the same, and is still a stockholder in the institution. As president he demonstrated executive abilities of a high order, while his tlrorough knowledge in all their bearings won him honorable distinction in the world of finance. A man of ripe judgment as well as CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1087 profound knowledge, his influence and active co-operation did much to make the Union Na- tional Bank one of the most reliable and popu- lar banks in this part of the state, and the con- tinued prosperity which has marked its history from ihe beginning to the present time is largely due to his sale counsel, wise foresight and correct business methods. For considerably over a half century Mr. Coleman has been an inRuential factor in the business and industrial affairs of Massillon, few men having been so long identified with the city's interests, and none in a more emphatic way having impressed his individuality upon the community. In every relation of life he has commanded the universal esteem of his fellow men, having always borne the reputation of an intelligent, broad minded, public-spirited man of affairs, and an honorable, upright citizen, wJiose aim has ever been to promote the general good as well as to advance his individual concerns. Mr. Coleman's marriage was solemnized in the year 1852 with Miss Mary Bender, daugh- ter of John Bender, of Pennsylvania, the union resulting in the birth of three children, viz. : Herbert Bailey, who died in 1893; Anna, wife of Edward F. Bahney, and Albert Henry. Mrs. Coleman died March 31, 1892. LOUIS A. KOONS is the son of Jacob and Catherine Koons, the father a native of Germany, the mother born and reared in Co- lumbiana county, Ohio. When a youth of eight- een Jacob Koons left the land of his birth and came to the United States, locating at Mas- sillon, Ohio, where for a number of years he worked in the old machine shop operated bv Hart «& Brown. He was an expert mechanic, and possessed many excellent traits of charac- ter, which won him the admiration and esteem of all with whom he came in contact. He de- parted this life in 1868, at the age of forty- eight years, leaving to his descendants a name untainted by the slightest suspicion of dishonor. Mrs. Jacob Koons was the daughter of Rev. Michael Ruckenbroad, a native of Wurtemburg, Germany, and an early settler of Columbiana county, Ohio. He came to America when a young man, locating hrst in Pennsylvania, thence a little later changed his residence to the above county, when eastern Ohio was .little better than an unbroken wilderness. Fie en- tered land and improved a farm, and in connec- tion with agricultural pursuits worked at the shoemaker's trade, which he had learned in Ger- many, and previously followed in Pennsylva- nia. In an early day he raised a great deal of flax, which he and his good wife manufactured into various kinds of fabrics for themselves, be- sides supplying wiith wearing material certain families of their neighborhood. Mr. Rucken- broad was a preacher of the German Baptist (or Dunkard) church, and was instrumental in organizing the first congregation of that faith in the county of Columbiana. His society met in a little log cabin which stood on his farm, and he ministered to its spiritual neces- sities for a number of years, also preaching 'at various other places in Columbiana and adjoin- ing counties. He lived to a ripe old age, de- parting this life in Massillon in his eighty-fifth year. Mrs. Catherine Koons died in 1895. Of the eight children born to Jacob and Mrs. Koons, four sons and four daughters, six grew to maturity, and of this number all but one sur- vive. One of the sons has in his possession an interesting and valuable family relic in the shape of an old German Bible, printed in the year 1629. The book is in a remarkable state of preservation, and contains the family record on the maternal side for many generations past. Louis A. Koons is a native of Stark county, Ohio, and dates his birth from the 27th day of March, 1858. He attended the graded schools of Massillon until the death of the father, which event not only seriously interfered with his education but compelled him at the early age 1088 OLD LANDMARKS of eight years to seek the means for obtaining his own hvehhood. Thrown upon liis own re- sources when he most needed a fatlier's coun- sel and guidance, it is no wonder that his future looked anything but promising, and that he took such advantage of circumstances which then presented themselves shows him to have possessed much more than ordinary mental en- dowment and determined energy. From eight until twelve he assisted his mother by working at various kinds of labor, but in the latter year he entered the employ of Kelly & Pepper, man- ufacturers of brick, with whom he remained two seasons, attending school a part of the in- tervening winter months. Although the labor in the brickyard was exceedingly hard for one of his years, he sliowed unusual pluck and per- severance, his remuneration of fifty cents per day being a great incentixe to continue the work until something better presented itsel^. When a youth of fourteen, Mr. Koons severed his connection with the above firm and accepted a clerksliip in a grocery store, m which capacity he obtained his first practical knowledge of business. Being apt and quick to learn, he soon mastered the details of trade, and during the two years following became a very thorough and efficient salesman. Realizing that a clerk- ship had little to offer in the w ay of remunera- tion, and desiring- to settle upon something more to his liking for a life work, he resigned his position in the store at the end of the second year, and apprenticed himself to the Russell Manufacturing Company to learn the machin- ist trade. After spending two years with this concern, and becoming cjuite a proficient work- man, he gave up his place to accept a much more remunerative position in the grocery ana queensware house of H. A. Kitzmiller, where he continued for a period of three vears, mean- time bending all of his energies to learn the business, with the object in view of engaging in mercantile pursuits upon his own responsi- bility. Leaving Mr. Kitzmiller he spent the en- suing six years with the firm of Powell & James and at the expiration of that time, in the spring of 1882, began deahhg in stoves, hardware, house furnisiiing goods, building material, etc. Mr. Koons embarked in business for himself with a limited capital and although at first his efforts were modest, it was not long until he obtained a liberal share of patronage, and found himself on the high road to success. Before the end of the second year he had by far the largest trade in his line in the city, and from that time onward his career was a series of continued advancements, which soon gained for him a commanding place among the leading tradesmen of Massillon and Stark county. The better to meet the constantly increasing de- mands for the materials handled he effected a co-partnership with a Mr. Heiniger, purchased a small ten-cent store, which under their com- bined efforts soon became one of the largest and most successful retail establishments in the city. They conducted the business until 1885 in a room seventeen by fifty feet in area, but in the latter year greatly enlarged the capacity of the store, besides establishing a branch house in Canal Dover, Mr. Keiniger subsequently tak- ing charge of the business in that town. Mr. Koons gradually increased the stock in Massil- lon until the trade assumed \ast proportions, and instead of a single room, he was soon obliged to provide additional quarters, by fitting up three extra departmaits, each of the four flours representing thirty-one hundred and twenty-five square feet of space, of seventeen feet in width by one hundred and twenty-five in length. The '"Bazaar," the name Mr. Koons gave his store, Vv'as devoted to the retail and wholesale trade, the two upper floors containing the latter department, the first and second the former. Under his successful management the house became not only the largest and most extensively patronized establishment of the kind in Stark county, but one of the largest in the state, as the amount of business abundantly CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1089 demonstrated. In addition to this mammoth enterprise, Mr. Koons has been identified with various other business ventures, prominent among which was the Union Cigar Company, organized and incorporated by him in the year 1 89 1, and of which he was made superintendent and general manager. This company started out under most favorable auspices, and the amount of business transacted may be inferred from the fact that in addition to supplying the bulk of the local trade, two traveling men were kept on the road every working day of the year to meet the general demand for the Union cigars. Not only in commercial lines has Mr. Koons commanded pubhc attention, but in other capacities his name has become widely and favorably known. He was the leading spirit in organizing the Massillon Building & Loan Association in 1888, and for several years thereafter he served as its secretary, but later was obliged to resign the position on account of the pressing demands of his business affairs. He is still a director in the concern, and much of its success is directly attributable to the in- terest which he has taken in its behalf. In 1898 Mr. Koons sold the "Bazaar," and the same year purchased the large wall paper and paint store formerly owned by the late J. M. Walker. Since taking possession of this business he has more then doubled the capacity of the house, and made it the largest establish- ment of the kind in the eastern part of the state. He still owns and manages this large enterprise, and as its proprietor occupies a posi- tion in the business world second to that of none of his contemporaries in Massillon or the coun- ty of Stark. Mr. Koons' rare judgment and sound busi- ness methods have been duly recognized and appreciated by his fellow citizens, but a few of whom have availed themselves of his services in the settlement of estates and the adjustment of differences growing out of misunderstand- ings concerning property and other causes. He 68 has administered on several large properties, and having been a notary public for over twelve years, his advice on matters of law has been especially sought to avoid litigation. From his eighteenth year to the present time he has been a pronounced Republican and an active worker in the party, taking an active interest in local and general affairs, and doing much to promote the interests of the cause which be has so much at heart. He has served as delegate to the various city, township, county, congressional and state conventions, besides demonstrating superior ability as a party leader by his advice and generalship while in the county central committee, of which he has at different times been chairman. On the 5th of June, 1900, Mr. Koons was appointed postmaster of Massillon, a deserved compliment to his fitness for the office as well as a graceful recognition of valuable party serv- ices. The Massillon office includes, in addition to the usual clerical force and free city delivery, three rural routes, the services of twenty men being required to carry on successfully the busi- ness of the different departments. Mr. Koons has introduced a number of reforms besides making many improvements tending to lessen the labor and expedite the business of the force. Mr. Koons has never given his influence to any movement, public or private, savoring in the least of disrepute, his career from the beginning having been upright and entirely free from the faintest suspicion of wrong doing. He has served in various minor official capaci- ties, not from a love of office, but to the end that he might render his fellow citizens effective service in transacting certain important busi- ness matters. Among these positions was that of township clerk, which he by no means de- sired, but which he accepted solely from a sense of duty. In 1891 he was elected city clerk, but resigned the office within a short time on ac- count of the pressing claims of his business af- fairs. Upon divers occasions he has been put logo OLD LANDMARKS forward by liis party as a candidate for mayor, but as often has withdrawn in favor of his friends, having no tlesire to add the duties of that office to his already heavy burden of busi- ness cares. As ah'eady stated, he has been honored with places on the I^epublican city and county committees, and at one time served as president of the Mclvinley Club, a political or- ganization which under his leadership proved a potent factor in the last two presidential elec- tions. Mr. Koons is a Mason, being a member of the blue lodge and chapter, in addition to which he is also prominently identified with the Inde- pendent Order of Odd Fellows, having repre- sented both fraternities in their annual state gatherings. 'J"he I'ythian lodge of Massillon has long numbered him among its most zealous workers, and he also belongs to the Order oi Chosen Friends, of which he is counsellor, .the Protective Honte Circle, and the Junior Order of United American Mechanics, being a charter member of the last named organization. Last but by no means least, he is an earnest and faithful communicant of the b'irst Christian church of Massillon, ;ind as such has led a sin- gularly i)ure lil'e. thus i)ro\-ing a tower of strength in inducing others to choose the bet- ter way. The marricil lil'c of Mr. Koons dates from 1880, in Dcceml)er of which year, in the town of Canal Inilton, Miss Caroline Morgan, a na- tive of Wales, became his faithful wife and loyal, self-denying helpmeet. Mrs. Ivoons is the daughter of Thomas Morgan, who came to the United States a number of years ago, and for a consideral)le length of time ran a hotel at the above place. To Mr. and Mrs. Koons have been born two children, the older of whom, Touis .\., now a young man of twenty-one, holds an important position in the Merchants' National I'.ank of ^Massillon. 'Jdiomas Abel, the second son, is a student in the city high school, and posessses fine intel- lectual abilities, which in due time will doubt- les lead him to a career of usefulness. JACOB BASH, deceased, late an honored citizen and prosperous farmer of Tuscarawas township, was a native of Pennsylvania, born in the county of Westmoreland in the year 1821. His father was Michael Bash, a descendant of one of the old families of that county, and his mother, who was also born and reared in that same part of the state, bore the maiden name of Sarah Rugh. These parents were married in Westmoreland, there reared their family, and their earthly courses being finished, they now sleep side by side in the old burial ground, where rest the bodies of so many of their an- cestors and friends. Jacob Bash spent his early- life in the county of Westmoreland, and v>as reared to agricultural pursuits, which vocation he afterwards followed. He remained in Penn- sylvania until 1861, at which time he sold his interests there and came to Stark county, Ohio, purchasing one hundred acres of land in Tus- carawas township, where he spent the remain- ing years of his life. He married, in his native state. Miss Lavina Huffman, daughter of George Huffman, a well-known citizen of West. morelantl county, and became the father of five children, namely: Martha J., wife of Henry Snyder; John 1^. died in childhood; Syblia L., who married Prof. Charles M. Smith, a teacher in the ])ul)lic schools of Massillon; Jacob L. and Reulien H., prosperous farmers in the town- ship of Tuscarawas. On coming to this county Mr. Bash not only became a successful tiller of the soil, but also identified himself with every movement that seemed likely to contrib- ute to the advantages of the community and encouraged all worthy enterprises. Of him it luay be truthfully said that the world is lietter because of his presence therein. As a neig'hbor, CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1 09 1 kind and obliging, as a friend, loyal and trne, as a citizen, ever ready to omlnhnte his intlu- ence to advance the public welfare, as a hus- band and father the embodiment of love and affectionate solicitude, he lived well his day, and at its close left to his descendanis the heritage of a good name and spotless character, which they value more than any bequest in the way of worldly wealth, lie died at his home in Tuscarawas township in the year 18S8, aged sixty-seven years, and eleven years later his faithful wife and devoted companion was re- united to him in the land where loving ties are never severed. Jacob L. Eash, fourth child of Jacob and Lavina Bash, was born June 15, 1865, on the paternal homestead in Tuscarawas township, and spent the years of his childhood and youth amid the peaceful pursuits of farm life. The common schools, which he attended at intervals during minority, afforded him the means of ac- quiring a fair education, and later he began making his own way in the world as a tiller of the soil, which honorable calling" he has con- tinued to the present day, owning at this time one-half of the home farm. About ten years ago Mr. Bash engaged in prospecting for coal, which, in connection with agricultural pursuits, he has since followed, meeting with encourag- ing pecuniary success in both lines of work. In partnership with his younger brother, Reuben TI.. he is also interested in coal mining, the two having opened and develo])ed a fine mineral property on their land in 1900, since which time they have realized a large income from this source. In June, 1899, Mr. Bash, tendered his ser\-ices to the government as a soldier in the Spanish-American war, enlisting in the Seven- teenth United States Regulars, which in due time he accompanied to the Philippine Islands, where he experienced all the realities of mili- tary duty under conditions by no means pleas- ant or agreeable. After three years of faithful service he received an honorable discharcfe, and then returned home, where he once more took ui) the peaceful pursuits of civil life, meeting- its responsibilities with the same fortitude that characterized his military life and discharged its duties as becomes a worthy man and true citizen. He has made a decided success of agriculture and is equally fortunate in other en- terprises, both of which have redounded ma- terially to his financial advantage. Mr. Bash is a married man and at the head of an interesting family of three living children, whose names are : Leroy, Clyde and Gleen, the oldest, a daughter by the name of Myrtle, hav- ing died in infancy. Before her marriage, Mrs. Snyder was Miss Anna Rogers, and the cere- mony by which it was changed to the one which she now bears took place on the 2d of April, 1888. ARTHUR J. HILL, M. D., is a native son of the Buckeye state, having been born in Co- lumbiana county, Ohio, on the 12th of Octo- ber, 1 87 1, and being a son of Hiram F. and Adeline (Stackhouse) Hill, all of whose five children are yet li\-ing, their names, in order of birth, being as follows. Arthur J., who is the immediate subject of this review; Ada L., wife of J. B. Summer, of Canton; John E., who is a baggageman in the employ of the Cleveland & Pittsburg Railroad; Jennie, who is the wife of Clarence Myers, of Alliance, this count)- ; and Laura, who remains at the parental home. Hiram F. Hill was likewise born in Columbiana county, about the year 1850, being a son of Atkinson Hill, who was born in Wash- ington county, Pennsyh-ania. being a son of Joseph Hill, who was born in Ireland, whence he emigrated to America when a young man, Ijy reason of the attempt made by his parents to compel hini to marry a relative in order that a fortune might not pass out of the family possession. By reason of his disobedience he was disinherited, but he was a man of energy 1092 OLD LANDMARKS and strong intellectual ability, and after com- ing to the United States he accumulated a competence and became one of the prominent and infiuential citizens of Washington county, Pennsylvania, where he passed the remainder of his life, and where for a number of years he held an important county office. Atkinson Hill was reared and educated in Washington county, Pennsylvania, and as a young man came thence to Columbiana county, Ohio, where he was engaged in farming for a number of years, after which he established himself in the mer- cantile business in New Alexander, that county, becoming one of the prominent citizens of that section of the state, where he died in 1889, when well advanced in years. Hiram F. Hill was reared to maturity in Columbiana county, and received his early education in the public schools. After his marriage he engaged in agricultural pursuits, in wliich he has ever since continued, having a fine estate of about two hundred acres, and being one of the influen- tial and honored citizens of his district. For nearly a quarter of a century he has given much of his attention to the buying and shipping of live stock, in which line he now conducts an extensive business, being one of the largest shippers of cattle in his section. In politics he gives his allegiance to the Democratic party. The mother of the Doctor was born in Colum- biana county, about 1850, being a daughter of Benjamin Stackhouse, who is of Welsh descent, and is a prominent merchant of East Roches- ter, that county, and also the owner of a valua- ble coal mine in that locality. Though he is seventy-five years of age, he still gives his active attention to his business interests, and no day is too cold or inclement to prevent him from driving out to his mine and give his per- sonal supervision to its operation, while he en- joys the unequivocal confidence and esteem of the community in which so many years of his life have been passed. Dr. Hill was reared on the homestead farm in Columbiana county, and his educational privileges in his adolescent days were such as were afforded in the district schools and the select schools at East Rochester. In 1S90 he began reading medicine, and in the fall of that year was matriculated in the Western Reserve Medical College, in the city of Cleveland, his preceptor being Dr. John E. Darby, of that place. He was assiduous and energetic in the prosecution of his studies, and was duly grad- uated in medicine and surgery in the spring of 1893, receiving his degree of Doctor of Medi- cine. Shortly afterward he entered upon the active practice of his chosen profession, in East Rochester, Columbiana county, where he re- mained about four years, within which time he had passed the novitiate stage of his pro- fession, and clearly established a reputation as an able and discriminating physician and sur- geon. In the spring of 1897 Dr. Hill came to Minerva, where he has succeeded in building up a remunerative and representative practice and one which shows a constantly augmentive tendency. He keeps in constant touch with the advances made in the sciences of medicine and surgery, recently having added an X-Ray outfit to his already extensive equipment. The Doc- tor is a member of the American Medical Asso- ciation, and among his confreres is recognized as an able young practitioner, and is well de- serving the success which has attended his ef- forts. Fraternally he is identified with Tubal Lodge No. 551, Free and Accepted Masons, at Minerva, and of Canton Commandery No. 38, Knights Templar, at Canton. In politics he gives his support to the principles and poli- cies advanced by the Democratic party. In J S98 Dr. Hill completed a post-graduate course in the Chicago Polyclinic and the year follow- ing took a special course in connection with the treatment of the diseases of the eye, in the Philadelphia Polyclinic, while he is a constant student of the best standard and periodical lit- erature pertaining to his profession, and thus CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1093 keeps fully abreast of the progressive element in his profession. On the 22d of March, 1893, Dr. Hill was united in marriage to Miss Nettie R. Taylor, of East Rochester, Columbiana county, where she was born, being a daughter of Morris Tay- lor, who is there engaged in the hardware busi- ness, and who is also general manager of the Eastern Ohio Telephone Company, of which he was one of the promoters. Dr. and Mrs. Hill have one son, Don B., who was born on the 31st of July, 1894, and one daughter, Helen 1^., born October 25, 1902. DAVID H. BAUGHMAN.— The name Baughman is undoubtedly of German origin, but of the remote history of the family the subject is not thoroughly informed. It is known, however, that his paternal ancestors came to this country at a very early period and settled in Virginia, and it was in that common- wealth that his parents, John and Margaret Baughman, were born and reared. The maiden name of Mrs. Baughman was Margaret Um- benower, the pronunciation of which is also indicative of Teutonic origin. These parents were married in their native state, and some years later moved to Cumberland county, Penn- sylvania, where they lived until changing their abode to Stark county, Ohio, in the spring of 1834. John Baughman purchased a farm in the township of Tuscarawas the year of his ar- rival, and continued to make it his home until his death, on the 28th day of August, 1849. in the eighty-first or eighty-second year of his age. His wife survived him until T869, on No- vember 18th of which year she was called away, after reaching the ripe old age of eighty-three. Father Baughman was a man of excellent repute, and by diligence and thrift became the possessor of a handsome estate, owning at the time of his death a good farm of one hundred and twelve acres, nearly all of which he cleared from the woods and reduced to a successful state of tillage. In politics he was a steadfast supporter of the Democratic party, and de- fended his opinions very tenaciously and la- bored earnestly for the success of the principles which he held so dear. He began life poor in this world's goods, and the property which he accumulated was the result of his own labor and economy. Of the twelve children born to John and Margaret Baughman only three are now living, Ellen, Adam and the subject of this review. By a previous marriage the father had a family of seven children, of whom there is no living representative. David H. Baughman was born February 17, 1827, in Cumberland county, Pennsylvania, and was a lad of eight years when his parents moved to their new home in the township of Tuscara- was, Stark county. Since coming to the place where he now lives sixty-nine years have dis- solved in the mists of the past, during which long period his life and the history of the com- munity have been very closely interwoven. Ow- ing to circumstances which he could not control his early educational advantages were very limited, and it is a fact worthy of note that the sum total of his schooling did not exceed three months. Notwithstanding such a disadvantage, he largely made up the deficiency in after years by reading and private study, but in the main his knowledge consists of the practical kind which men of native intelligence and good judgment obtain by close observation and con- tact with the world in the daily affairs of life. To him work early became a paramount rule of life and he grew up with a full appreciation that true success and individual advancement must result from honest effort. Like the true son that he was, he gave the best years of youth and early manhood to his father's interests, working early and late to provide for the sup- port of the family, and upon the death of his father David took charge of the homestead and later came into full possession of the same. The I094 OLD LANDMARKS farm is endeared to him by many tender recol- lections and hallowed associations, and while he lives he will never relinquish its ownership. Mr. Baughman followed agriculture with suc- cess and pecuniary profit until 1888, when he rented the farm, and since that year he has been living more of a retired life, though still quite a busy man with large interests to look after. In bygone years Mr. Baughman was a Demo- crat, but becoming dissatisfied with the policy of the partv and with what he considered the unwise course of its leaders, he finally aban- doiTed its principles and became a Rqjublican, having decided views on the leading questions of the day and being firm and outspoken in the defense of his opinions. He has been for some years an active worker in the organization known as the Patrons of Husbandry, which has for its object the promotion of agriculture and the bettering of the farmer's social condi- tion, being one of the leading members of the local Grange, to wdiich he belongs. To say that Mr. Baughman is an humble, devout and zeal- ous Christian is to state what everybody who knows him will most cheerfully testify. He has long been a member of the Reformed church, and as such labors by word and deed to spread the truth of the Gospel among men and induce transgressors to abandon the wicked ways and seek a higher and better way of liv- ing. For over thirty years he has held the office of deacon, and about the same length of time has served as elder of his local congregation, known as the Myers church, in Tuscarawas township. Elizabeth Bretz, who became the wife of David H. Baughman on the 15th day of May, 1848, was born in Tuscarawas township, Octo- ber 13, 1S30. She was the daughter of John and Mary (Krider) Bretz, of Pennsylvania, the former having come to Stark countv as early as 1812, the mother some years after that date. The Bretz family were among the first perma- nent settlers in what is now the township of Tuscarawas, and the Kriders have also been represented in this part of the state for a long period of time, probably over three-quarters of a century. After a happy married life of over forty-two years Mr. Krider, on the nth day of May, 1891, was compelled to part with his !o\'ing and devoted wife, who at that ime bid farewell to earth and entered the region of the blessed. She, too, was a sincere Christian, and it was with a lively hope in the merits of her Redeemer that she fearlessly entered the valley of shadows, assured of a jeweled crown of rejoicing on the other side. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Baughman was blessed with twelve children, the oldest of whom is Mary E., who married Godfrey Bride, by wdiom she has had one child, that died in infancy. Sarah, the second in order of birth, is the wife of John Walter and the mother of seven childrai, Harvey, William. Benjamin, Howard, Mary E., John and Abbie, the last two twins. Julia A. is also married, being the wife of Z. Baughman, to whom she has borne chil- dren as follows : Ida, Nora, Mettle, Charles, Eva, Albert and Harvey. Benjamin, the fourth of the family, married Miss Alice C. Shilling and has three children, Carrie, Benjamin E. and Blanch. Elizabeth, the next in succession, en- tered the marriage relation with Thomas Pat- terson and is the mother of one son by the name of Thomas. Susan A., wdio married Henry Keller, died in Indiana in the year 1890, leaving- a husband and four ofifspring, namely : Lottie M., Benjamin, Rebecca and Henry H. David, the seventh in regular order, chose a wife in the person of Miss Orpha Basler and is now the head of a family of seven children, Albert, Nel- lie, Warren, Care, Benjamin, Ralph and Paul. After Da\ id comes Ada, who is the wife of Michael Uth and the mother of one son, Warren. Annett I. married Charles Stansbury, a union which has resulted in the birth of three (laughters. Florence, Bessie and Amanda. William H., the tenth in order of birth, took CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1095 to wife Miss Ollie Lonas, daughter of Samuel Lonas, whose sketch will be fouud elsewhere in these pages. Additional to the above, there were two of the subject's children that died in childhood, John C. and Eliza. HENRY S TONER.— Few families of Stark county can claim a longer period of con- tinuous residence than the Stoners. As early as the year 181 8 there came to this state from York county, Pennsylvania, one Andrew Stoner, who, with his wife Elizabeth and sev- eral children, settled on a tract of one hundred and sixty acres in what is now known as the township of Tuscarawas, receiving a patent for the land from the government. At that time there were few white people in the county and for a number of years the pioneer family lived remote from neighbors, experiencing all the vicissitudes, hardships and dangers peculiar to the early times. The maiden name of Mrs. Andrew Stoner was Elizabeth Mitman ; she was the daughter of a Revolutionary soldier, who entered the American army at the begin- ning of the war and served gallantly until in- dependence was achieved. Andrew and Eliza- beth reared eleven children, all of whorn have long gone to their reward. Among these chil- dren was a son by the name of Jacob, who was born about the year 1801 in York county, Penn- sylvania. Whai a lad of ten years he began working for himself and by the time he was eighteen he had saved sufficient monev to pur- chase a piece of wild land in Stark county, Ohio, taking p'jssession of it about the same time his father moved to this part of the state. He became a successful farmer and, as the vears went by, owned a large amount of valuable real estate, the greater part of which he cleared and otherwise improved. A few years after coming to this county he married Miss Mary Rodocker, whose father. Frederick Rodocker, was one of the earliest pioneers of Stark, hav- ing entered a quarter section of land within the present limits of Tuscarawas township about the year in which the Stoners made their settlement. Jacob and Mary Stoner were the parents of nine children, namely : Henry, Josiah, John, Jacob, Samuel and Lavina, twins, Levi, Jerry and L , twins, of whom, John, Samuel and Lavina are deceased. The father of these children died in 1887, the mother ten years previous to that date. Henry Stoner, the subject of this sketch, was the first born of his father's family. His birth occurred April 2, 1829, on the homestead in Tuscarawas township and his early experi- ence included the usual routine of farm labor, varied in the winter time by attendance to such schools as were common to this part of the state sixty and seventy years ago. His advantages in the way of discipline were by no means as favor- able as those of today, but he made the most of his limited opportunities and in due time became quite well informed. Being the oldest son, much of the work fell to him, and as long as he remained at home he discharged his duty faithfully, looking after his father's interests with true filial regard. Li the choice of a voca- tion AL". Stoner experienced no hesitation whatever, as he early decided to become a farmer, which resolution he carried out by be- ginning work for himself when about thirty years of age. VV'ith a tenacity of purpose know- ing no interference, he has followed his chosen calling to the present day, the meanwhile suc- ceeding well as an agriculturist, acquiring by industry, forethought and successful manage- ment a sufficiency of material wealth to make the remainder of his life comfortable and free from care. His farm, consisting of ninety-five acres of fertile land, is well adapted for general agricultural purposes, and b_\- adopting modern methods he has ne\'er failed to reap abundant .harvests. Mr. Stoner's domestic life began in 1853, on December id of which year he was united 1096 OLD LANDMARKS in marriage to Miss Charlotte Culler, a native of Stark county, born in 1833 in the township of Tuscarawas. Mrs. Stoner is the daughter of Jacob and Leah (Poorman) Culler, who, like the Stoners, were early in this part of the state, both branches of the family coming about the same time. Nine children have blessed the union of Mr. and Mrs. Stoner, viz ; Adaline, deceased ; Marian E. and Loran, twins, the former not living; Franklin, deceased; Ida, Valentine, Ada and Sheridan. Loran F., the fourth in order of birth, married Sarah Mc- Tosh, of this county, and is the father of five children, Belva, Alma, Beulah, Annie and Ivan. Ida is the wife of Frederick Weisgarver, to whom she has borne the following sons and daughters: Lottie, Hattie, Ola. Ora, Forest, Lloyd, Perry, Warren and John. Valentine married Miss Jennie Shank; Ada married Jacob Weisgarver and has this offspring: Grace, Stella and Lola B., the oldest deceased, Sheri- dan, the youngest of the family, is also married and the father of one child, Glenn H. ; his wife was formerly Miss Delilah Suavely, of Stark county. Politically Mr. Stoner is a Democrat, but he takes no very active part in political affairs further than voting his sentiments and maintaining the correctness of his opinions, when the latter becomes necessary. In matters religious he has profound convictions, being a zealous member of the Lutheran church, as is also his wife. Honorable in business, loyal in citizenship, faithful as a friend and neighbor, generous in sympathy, and kind and tolerant in his home, he holds a warm place in the hearts of all who know him. MICILAEL D. HARTER was born in Canton, Ohio, April 6, 1846. His father was Isaac Harter. \\ho was prominently identified with the business interests of Canton for many years, first as a merchant and afterwards as a banker. Young Harter's education was ob- tained in the city schools, he never having attended any other school or college. After leaving the high school he supplemented his school training by diligent application to the methods and problems arising in his father's bank, this lesson of practical, commercial life being well learned. Mr. Harter was married to Mary L. Brown in the year iSog, and to this couple five children were born, three sons and two daughters. He died in Fostoria, Ohio, February 22, i8g6, and was survived by his wife and all his children except one daughter. Mr. Harter's personality was attractive in the broadest and best sense of that term. Physically he was a perfect type of manhood; his ways were courteous and winning; hi-5 manner of life, both in social and business circles, inspired such a respect for his character and such a measure of confidence in his judg- ment as few men enjoy. That there is in such a character, and inherent to it, another attribute, namely the power to largely influence his fellow men, is amply demonstrated in Mr. Flarter's career. His activities were directed, first to business, and subsequently to politics, and to these we now direct the reader's attention. Impelled by a restless, aggressive energy, which was also one of his characteristics, he established a bank in Canton in 1866; it is now known as the George D. Harter Bank. He was only twenty years of age at that time. The bank was a success from the start and its prestige has never sufTered any impairment. The fol- lowing year, 1867, the late Cornelius Aultman, of Canton, and Flenry H. Taylor, of Chicago, established a large manufactory at Mansfield, Ohio, for the construction of threshing ma- chinery. Mr. Aultman offered the financial management of the institution to Mr. Harter. It is rare indeed that such a tribute to ability and confidence falls to the lot of so young a man, — he was barely twenty-one. From the be- ginning of the Aultman-Taylor industry, and iSr^.^/y o-^^^t^^v^ o^^.^:^^ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1097 during Mr. Harter's life, the two were indis- solubly linked. Mr. Aultman lived in Canton; Mr. Taylor in Chicago ; Mr. Harter was always the present and controlling spirit. His methods were exceedingly aggressive in the factory, and ji'.st as conservative in the office. Not for a single year did the operations of the house show a loss. While most contemporaneous industries have either met positive disaster, or had a chequered career, the safety and soundness of the Aultman-Taylor house have been unmarred from the beginning. Justice to Mr. Harter de- mands that no less than this should be said of the institution which, in a business sense, was his life work. Mr. Harter was a principal factor in the -establishment of the Isaac Harter Milling Company, at Fostoria, one of the largest, if not the largest producer of flour in Ohio. He was also interested in a number of financial institu- tions, and his co-operation was sought for by many more. His equipment was eminently that of a financier, and it fitted him well for the honorable and distinguished part he was to take in political affairs during the later years of his life. I\Ir. Harter was an entertaining conversa- tionalist and, from the ranks of business men, he had few equals on the public platform. Being very outspoken in his views, it was natural that his party, the Democratic, should tender to him its nomination for congress. He was elected in 1S90. He hoped to be instru- mental in modifying the McKinley tariff law. He supported the Wilson act, which became a law in general harmony with his efforts, and with tiic wishes of his party. His greatest work in congress, however, was undertaken in opposition to the majority of his party. This was the establishment of the gold standard. He did not live to see the final fixture of the gold standard into our national policy, an achievement due largely to his efforts, and in the accomplishment of which he took a more prominent part than any man of any party in the nation. Prior to the election in 1890 Mr. Harter, then a candidate for congress, issued a printed circular giving forcible expression to his views on live questions. He always carried his chal- lenge on his sleeve. In this limited space the salient features of his subsequent campaign against free silver and the Bland bill, within the Democratic party, will best appear from a list of the titles of docu- ments issued by Mr. Harter while in congress. He ^vas the soul and champion of that cam- paign — the only one. These documents are not all available, but the following will suffice : June, 1891. — "Unlimited Silver Coinage for the Benefit of the Silver Bullion Producers and at the Expense of the Whole People. Shall the Democratic Party be true to Itself?" A printed circular. October, 1891. — "The Currency Question."* An article in the Forum. January 16, 1892. — -"Shall the Democratic Party stand for the Rights of the Whole People or become the Servant of the Silver Ring?" Address before the Reform Club dinner in Xew York city. January 22, 1892. — "A Plan to Re-establish the Rights of State Banks and to Improve and Perpetuate the National Banking System." Address i^efore the Commonwealth Club dinner in New York cit3^ In this address the argu- ments in favor of an elastic currency coincide substantially with those recently expressed by President Roosevelt and Secretary Shaw. February 19, 1892. — "Shall the Democratic Party desert the Cause of the People to become the Attorney of the Silver Ring and the Tool of the Lobby? Shall what costs the Silver Pro- ducers Forty-one Cents be made a legal tender for One Hundred Cents worth of the People's Sweat?" Speech in the house of representa- tives. January 30, 1893. — "Why the Monthly I09i5 OLD LANDMARKS Purcliase of Silver Bullion by the Government should be Stopped." Address to the railway interests of the United States. February i, 1893. — "The Democratic Party believes in the Free Coinage of both Gold and Silver, but it is 0])i)osed to '^'ree coinage' of either a Gold or Silver Dollar worth less than One Hundred Cents' in the Markets of the World." Address to the Democratic voters of Ohio. June 5, 1894. — "A Cure for the Greenback Delusion. A Remedy for the Free Silver Mad- ness. Not More Money, but Better Money. Repeal of the Ten Per Cent Tax on State Banks." Speech in the house of representa- tives;.. A printed pddress, without date, which was the subject of national comment, was one ad- dressed to the Grand Army posts of the country. The subject was "Free Silver and its relation to Pensions." By means of a bureau established by him- self, and maintained at his own expense, Mr. Harter mailed his pension address to every (irand Army post; also distributed his con- gressional speeches and other anti-free coinage documents broadcast. In the business in hand he adopted the methods of reaching the public that he had found to be so successful in his factory. F.veryone knows the result. The congress that was expected to repeal the de- monetization act of 1873 did not repeal it; nor. did it pass the Bland free silver bill. Senator Sherman's compromise bill, providing for a limited coinage, was passed, and was in effect until the spring of 1893, when a financial panic overwhelmed the country. President Cleve- land, whose views of statesmansliip coincided with Mr. Flarter's, called a special session of congress to repeal the Sherman law, and the threatened ills of a degraded currency were, it is to be hoped, wiped from our statute books for all time to come. Mr. 'Harter took a leading part in the con- gressional dcbaces which led to the repeal of the Sherman law, and was almost the only man in American life to make a national reputation the first term he served in congress. He was a pio- neer in the cause of the gold standard and a sound and elastic currency. Any history of this interesting and critical period in American finance which fails to give to Michael D. Harter a conspicuous place in the movement which led to placing the money of the United States upon a sound and stable basis, will neither be true to the facts nor just to him. Endowed with a brilliant and logical mind, he was a great and forcible thinker, a wise and constructive states- man and a patriotic citizen. In addition to his splendid intellectual qualities, Mr. Harter had a warm and generous nature, which secured him the respect and friendship of all who knew him, and when he died, he died beloved by his friends and neighbors as few men have been. JOHN L. STEELE.— Paternally Mr. Steele inherits the blood of Scotch-Irish ances- try, being a lineal descendant of one Robert Steele, who on account of political or religious persecution was obliged to flee from Scotland early in the seventeenth century and take ref- uge in the Emerald Isle. Among the nearer descendants of this stanch patriot was Archi- bald Steele, who was born in Ireland and about the year 1790 came to the United States, set- tling in Pennsylvania, where he became a tiller of the soil. Subsequently. 1812, he was in- duced to move to the new and sparsely settled country of eastern Ohio and it was that year that he entered land in Stark county, receiving for the same a patent bearing the signature of James Madison, President of the United States. Mr. Steele selected a site for his fu- ture home in what is now Tuscarawas town- sliip. being one of the first permanent settlers in this part of the county. He cleared a good farm, took an active interest in the material CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 1099 development of the country and was a fine type of the rugged, fearless pioneer of the time and place in which he lived and labored. He and his good wife died many years ago. James Steele, sou of Archibald and father of the sub- ject of this sketch, was born in Pennsylvania in the year 1798 and is supposed to have fol- lowed his parents to Stark county in 1815, when a youth of seventeen. He was reared a farmer and in early manhood married Miss Margaret Latimer, who was born in Pennsyl- vania, and whose father, Robert Latimer, was one of the first settlers in the present townsliii) of Osnaburg, Stark county. James Steele be- came a man of considerable local prominence and for many years was justice of the peace of his township, also an active worker in the old \\'liig party. Like many of the early pioneers, he had profound religious convictions and, be- longing to the Presbyterian church, reared his family according to the strict and rather aus- tere Calvinistic creed. He lived an honorable life and at its close, about the year 1839, quietly and fearlessly passed into the rest pre- pared for those who have nobly fulfilled their earthly stewardship. M rs. Steele bore her hus- band three children and entered into rest some time in the year 1830. John L. Steele, the only child of James and Margaret Steele, was born on the 21st of March, 1826, in Tuscarawas township. Stark county, and spent his early years on his fath- er's farm, with the rugged duties of which he became familiar as soon as old enough to han- dle to advantage the various implements of husbandry. During his boyhood he enjoyed the advantages of the common schools of the day, attending them a few months of the win- ter seasons, the course of study being mainly confined to the four fundamentals — spelling, reading, writing and arithmetic — although some pupils would frequently carry along with them such studies as geography and English grammar. From the beginning until his death the life of Mr. Steele was an active and busy one and, in the main, financially successful. He assisted his parents, was a dutiful son during the years of his minority and on the farm learned the lessons of industry and thrift that inured so greatly to his advantage when he be- gan thf: pursuit of agriculture upon his own responsibility. His inclinations naturally led him to become a tiller of the soil and he fol- lowed this vocation all his life with satisfac- tory results, and at his death was the possessor of an ample competency for his declining years, l)esidcs providing comfortably for his family and giving his children substantial assi-stance as they one by one withdrew from the home circle. As already stated, the farm which Mr. Steele owned and on which he lived is one of the oldest settled places in the township of Tus- carawas, as it is also one of the test improved and most successfully cultivated. He was not sparing in surrounding himself with comforts and conveniences, believing, as he did, that the good things of this world are only held in trust for a time and should be well and wisely used. On January 9, 1852, Mr. Steele was united in the bonds of wedlock with Miss Margaret Christman, of Pennsylvania, the marriage re- sulting in the birth of three children, the oldest of whom is Rev. James H. Steele, an able and well known clergyman of the Reformed church, who is now preaching in Tiflin, Ohio. He mar- ried Miss Alice Chapenan, who has borne him two sons and one daughter, namely : James, John and Mary. William, the second of the family, is a well educated physician, practic- ing his profession at Navarre, this state. He is also a man of family, having married some years ago Miss Mary McEwen, a union blessed with two ofifspring, Edith and Lura. Ida S., the youngest of the subject's children, was born in 1863 and after receiving a good literary edu- cation, took up a systematic course in music, in which she early displayed unusual talent. 1 lOO OLD LANDMARKS graduating from the conservatory at Massil- lon. On the 4th of March, 1882, she became the wife of John S. Erb, a worthy citizen of Stark county, an outhne of whose Hfe appears in subsequent paragraphs. Mr. Steele lived a life protracted beyond that of the majority of men and, as indicated in a preceding paragraph, enjoyed the fruits of his many years of strenuous toil. He pos- sessed strong traits of character, with a liberal endowment of good common sense and as a man and citizen his honor and integrity were prominent and above adverse criticism. His political affiliations were with the Republican party, but he never entered actively the arena of public affairs, preferring the quiet and satis- factory life of a farmer to any office or honor within the power of his fellow citizens to con- fer. Notwithstanding his indifference to pub- lic preferment, he was induced at one time to accept the position of township treasurer, and he discharged the duties of the office very satis- factorily for several years, retiring witliout the semblance of a stain upon his record as custo- dian of the public funds. He was a devout be- liever in revealed religion and for many years was a member of the Reformed church, his wife also belonging to the same communion. His death occurred March 27, 1903. John S. Erb, who married the daughter of John L. and Margaret Steele, is a native of Stark county, Ohio, and the son of David and Mary (Yost) Erb, the father born in Lancas- ter county, Pennsylvania, and the mother in Germany. These parents were married in Pennsylvania in 1852 and the following year moved to Stark county, Ohio, settling in Tus- carawas township, where Mr. Erb followed ag- ricultural pursuits until his death, which oc- cwrred on the loth day of March, 1902, his wife dying April 9 of the previous year. Mrs. Erb came to the United States when five years old and always recalled the voyage with pecul- iar sadness in that she lost a sister en route, who was buried at sea. John S. Erb was born in Tuscarawas township March 27, 1859, receiving his edu- cation in the public schools, and began life for himself as a carpenter, which trade he learned when a young man. He worked at his chosen calling for a number of years, but since 1893 has been engaged in farming, in which voca- tion he has met with encouraging success. He is a Republican in politics and quite an active worker in his party, generally representing his township in the various nominating conven- tions and laboring diligently for the ticket in campaign times. Religiously he belongs to the Reformed church and during her life his wife was also a faithful and consistent member of the same body of worshippers. The marriage of Mr. Erb and wife resulted in the following issue: John, Warren, Mary A. and Ida Mar- tha. The son, who is an accomplished musi- cian, lives at Mansfield, where he has a large number of pupils. CHARLES A. KRIDER is a native of Stark and was born on the farm in Tuscarawas township, where he now lives, August 2, 1847, being the son of Samuel and Ann (Augustine) Krider. The father was born about the year 181 1 in Franklin county, Pennsylvania, and the m.other in Stark county, Ohio, in 1818. George Krider, the subject's grandfather, was a native of Pennsylvania and an early settler of Stark county, moving here as long ago as 1819, and departing this life in the township of Tusca- rawas in 1873. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Frances Hoover, was also of Penn- sylvania birth, and her death occurred on the home place in the year 1868. Samuel Krider was quite young when his parents moved to Tuscarawas township and he grew up amid the rugged experiences of pioneer times, bearing CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. I lOl his share of the hard hibor required to clear and develop the farm. He was self-educated and by much study and a wide range of read- ing became well informed — indeed, there were few men of his time who possessed a more general knowledge obtained without the aid of instructors. In his youth he learned the tail- or's trade, and later worked at the same in the country, frequently employing as many as nine assistants at one time in order to meet the de- mand for garments, which he cut and made or had made. He was one of the prime movers in the construction of the old Ohio canal, and the records show that he twice represented Stark county in the general assembly, besides serving for over twenty-nine years as a justice of the peace. Politically he was a Democrat, and religiously belonged to the Reformed church, as did also his wife, who is remembered as a faithful and zealous Christian, whose life was largely devoted to works of faith and la- bors of love. Samuel Krider lived to a good old age, dying on the 6th of June, 1892; his wife survived him nearly nine years, departing this life on the 9th day of January, 190 1. Mrs. Krider was the daughter of Andrew Augus- tine, one of the earliest pioneers of Stark coun- ty, her oldest sister, Rebecca, having been the first white child born in what is now the town- ship of Tuscarawas. Of the eight children con- stituting the family of Andrew Augustine Mrs. Krider was the last to be called to the other world. To Samuel and Ann Krider were born three children, two of whom are living at the present time — Charles A., of this review, and B. F., who lives in Noble county, Indiana. Reared amid the peaceful pursuits and scenes of rural life, the subject early formed a liking for the work of the farm, and when the time came to make choice of a vocation he wisely concluded to devote his energies to the satisfactory labors of husbandry. This he has since pursued and prospered, meanwhile add- ing to his material possessions until he is now the owner of a valuable and beautiful property. While successful in raising all the grains and vegetables indigenous to this latitude, he has made a specialty of fruit growing, a branch of husbandry that has been very satisfactory from a financial point of view. He has selected his varieties of fruits with the greatest care and discrimination, looks after his orchards with the interest of an enthusiast, and finds in horti- culture a fascination nothing else ofifers. Mr. Krider has been a steadfast supporter of the Democratic party since his twenty-first year, and, in recognition of his valuable services, he has been honored at different times with offi- cial positions, among which were those of con- stable, assessor and deputy sherifif. In 1889 he was elected sheriff of Stark county, which of- fice he held for four years, discharging his du- ties in an able and praiseworthy manner, gain- ing the confidence and good will of the people regardless of party ties. He has been identi- fied with a number of enterprises of a public nature, including among others the Stark County Mutual Insurance Company, which has become one of the leading organizations of its kind in eastern Ohio, of which he served as president. He has also been quite active in or- ganized efforts for the promotion of hus- bandry, being a member of the county agri- cultural board, and it was in his father's shop that the first agricultural society of the country was organized a number of years ago. In mat- ters educational he has taken an active part, both in private and official capacities, having been a member of the local school board for a number of years, and for some time its presi- dent. Fraternally he is a Knight of Pythias, his name appearing on the charter of Lodge No. 87, of Massillon. Mr. Krider was married December 24, 1889, to Mrs. Sarah Mobley, widow of the late Charles A. Mobley, of Canal Fulton, and a native of Crawford county, this state. By her previous marriage she had two sons, Frank L. I I02 OLD LANDMARKS Mobley, who holds a clerical position with the Hancock Insurance Company, of Columbus, Ohio, and John M., a representative of a man- ufacturing firm of Cantoni. To Mr. and Mrs. Krjder has been born one daughter, Ruth, an intelligent young lady with a bright and prom- ising future. Mrs. Krider is a member of the Metliodist church and a lady of exemplary Christian character, popular in religious and social circles and highly esteemed by all. MARIA GILMORE PONTIUS. M. D., is a native of Tuscarawas county, Ohio, and the daughter of Nathaniel and Anna Gilmore, the former born in that county in the year 1814, and the mother in County Down, Ireland, in 1827. The maiden name of Mrs. Gilmore was Anna Dugan and she was the daughter of James and Eliza (Karns) Dugan, both natives of County Down, and accompanied her parents to the United States in 1835, the family locat- ing in Cadiz, Ohio. Before coming to this country James Dugan followed mercantile pur- suits for a number of years and accumulated a competency of this world's goods. He died at Cadiz in 1867 at the age of sixty-one. His wife died about 1870, aged seventy-two years. James Dugan and wife had five children, whose names are as follows: William. Elizabeth, John, Mrs. Maria J. Asher and Anna, the Doc- tor's mother. To Nathaniel and Anna Gil- more were born seven children, namely: Wil- liam, Albert, Eliza, Josephine, wife of Thomas Wilson; Maria, of this review: Florence, who married Charles Brown, and George M., all but William living. The paternal ancestors of Dr. Pontius were also natives of Ireland, her grandfather, Nathaniel Gilmore, having been born and reared in that country. His home was in County Down and he there married Elizabeth Carey, who, with two children, born in the old country, accompanied him to Amer- ica in 1812. There also came with him to the United States his two brothers, John and Gor- don Gilmore, antl the three subsequently en- gaged in the banking business in Cincinnati when that city was little more than a frontier hamlet of half a dozen houses. When it be- came necessary to exchange specie for paper Nathaniel Gilmore would carry the gold and silver on horseback to Pittsburg, taking an ex- tra man with him as a body guard, the road between the two places leading through a wild and in many places uninhabiteil country, known to be infested with robbers and lawless char- acters of the worst description. As far as known he was never molested nor did the bank sustain the loss of a single dollar by any of these business trips. After a number of years of successful business he disposed of his in- terest in the bank and moved his family to Tus- carawas county, Ohio, where he purchased large tracts of valuable land, much of which is still in possession of his descendants. He was a very successful man, prospered in every un- dertaking- to which he addressed himself and is remembered as one of the prominent and pro- gressive citizens of the county of Tuscarawas. He died there in 1857, his wife following him to the grave five years later. Nathaniel Gil- more, Sr., was the father of the following sons and daughters: William. Francis, Gordon, Eliz- abeth, Jane. Nathaniel, Rosie, Mary and two others, all of whom grew to mature years and reared large families, and all of whom are now dead. It is a fact worthy of note that the elder Nathaniel was a cousin of P. S. Gilmore. the celebrated band master, and one of the world's most renowned musicians. Reverting to the history of Dr. Maria Gil- more Pontius, it is learned that she was born near Gilmoretown, in the county of Tuscara- was, May 28, 1857. She spent her childhood and youth on the home farm, was early in- structed in the duties of domestic economy and received her elementary education in the dis- trict schools, which she attended at intervals CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1 103 until her nineteenth year. Animated by an ear- nest desire for greater intellectual training than the common schools could impart, she entered, in 1876, Scio College, which institution she at- tended the greater part of three years, mean- while maturing plans for entering' the medical profession. Miss Gilmore began the study of medicine in 1879 under the direction of Dr. J. J. Good- ing, of Gilmoretown, and after a very thorough course of private reading became a student of Starling Medical College at Columbus, from which institution she was graduated in 1883. In canvassing the tield for a suitable location sh.e decided to open an office in Canton, at the same time realizing the unreasonable prejudice she would have to encounter on the part of the public and the opposition that would be thrown in her way by the members of the profession in the city. Nothing daunted, however, she fearlessly swung her shingle to the breeze and announced herself a solicitor for a share of patronage. In due time her abilities began to be recognized and in the course of a few' years her practice became quite liberal, so much so, indeed, that all opposition tO' female physicians gradually disappeared and she stood vindicated for hjer temerity in entering the profession, bv a series of successes such as few achieve. So unreasonable was the prejudice against her at first that even the children on the streets would frequently call to her with unpleasant remarks, and the sneers and innuendoes of older people were often too palpable to be concealed. Actu- ated by a laudable ambition to come to the front and become a true healer, these unworthv and altogether unmanly attempts to retard her progress were treated with the silent contempt they desen'ed, and by a steady I)ut sure ad- vancement she finally won a high place in pub- lic favor, and had the satisfaction of numbering among her patients not a few who had formerly been loudest in their criticism of her course. The Doctor's practice in the main is con- fined to the treatment of diseases peculiar to women and children, although general ailments receive her attention, in all of which her success has been truly phenomenal. For some years she practiced with her husband, but since the failure of the latter's health she has been alone. She is a lady of superior intellectuality and high professional attainments and occupying a field of practice for which she is especially adapted by reason of her sex, her future finan- cial prosperity as well as her professional fame is a matter of easy prophecy. She was the first of her sex to matriculate at Starling Medical College, and the first lady to graduate from that or any other medical school in the city of Co- lumbus. This, with her subsequent successful career, has given her a widespread reputation and by reason of lx>th she occupies quite a con- spicuous position in medical circles. She has been a member of the American Medical Asso- ciation of Canton and the Stark County Medi- cal Society. Miss Gilmore on the 26th of October, 1883, was united in marriage to Dr. Lorin Worth Pontius, a native of Stark county, Ohio, born in Plain township on the 24th day of Novem- ber, 1853, the son of Andrew and Sarah Pon- tius, who were among the early pioneers of this part of the state. He was reared to young manhood at or near the place of his birth and after completing the common school course en- tered Mt. Union College, where he made a very creditable record as a student. Later he took up the study of medicine and in 1881 was grad- uated from Rush Medical College, Chicago, after which he engaged in the practice at Can- ton. Dr. Lorin W. Pontius is a gentleman of high intellectual and professional attainments and had not ill health obliged him to retire from the practice in 1889 he would no doubt have achieved distinguished honors in his chosen calling. As already stated, his wife and he practiced jointly until his physical break- down and the firm thus constituted attained en- II04 OLD LANDMARKS viable distinction, both as physicians and sur- geons. The Doctor's retirement left a vacancy in the medical ranks of Canton difficult to fill, and it is the hope of his many friends and the public generally that his bodily powers may soon be restored so that he can resume his share of the lucrative business which he as- sisted to build up, and which his faithful com- panion now commands. The grandparents of Dr. L. W. Pontius were natives of Pennsylvania and came to Stark county in about 1805, before Canton was founded, and they figured actively in its pio- neer history. The parents of Dr. "L. W. Pon- tius lived in Stark county, and to them were born seven children, all of whom are now liv- ing, as follows: Lorin W. ; Jackson W., of Canton ; G. C. resides near Myer's Lake ; Lucy married Maurice E. Aungst, probate judge of Stark county ; William J. is a farmer in Plain township; Charles A. is a farmer of Stark county ; Rebecca married Edward Miller, of Canton. The parents of these children are still living, not a death having occurred in the family. Dr. M. G. Pontius is erecting a modern flat house at No. 613 West Tuscarawas street, which is to be three stories in height, of pressed brick and contains fortv-three rooms en suite. HOMEOPATHY IN STARK COUNTY. The system of homeopathy may be said to represent both modification and amplification in the treatment of disease, and of how great value has this system been, how far-reaching and insistent its value is not measurably appre- ciated by the laity. That great benefactor of the race. Hahnemann, wrought better than he knew when he carried through his careful in- vestigations and experiments and arrived at the deductions indicated in the slogan of his school, "Similia similibus curantur." How greatly the influence of his teachings and that of his able followers has permeated the field of endeavor in the great profession which has to do with the issues of life itself is shown in no unmistakable way in the radical changes which the so-called "regular" school has been compelled, perhaps reluctantly, to adopt in its methods. The heroic dosage of even a quar- ter of a century ago would, if utilized by a practitioner to-day, bring him into disrepute for his abuse of the over-wrought human sys- tem. That homeopathy has been the leaven which has affected the entire lump is certain beyond perad venture. The great school of medicine, standing as an ally of nature in her workings and not as a disrupter, was at one time the object of suspicion and prejudice and its devotees had to summon all of fortitude in demonstrating the efficiency of the so-called innovation. A new era of thought had been introduced, and the cry of iconoclasm and even of charlatanism was given in no uncertain tone by those who were "joined to their idols" and refused to recog- nize the fundamental consistency and value of the new school of practice. None can doubt the efficiency and consistency of a plan of med- ication which provides the employment of remedial agents in such a way as to avoid physi- ological reaction and to assist nature to resume its normal functions, rather than imposing an additional burden. This system of high po- tencies as applied to the practice of homeo- pathy has stood the most strenuous test, and skepticism can no longer wield the weapons of upstart prejudice, for the wall of proof has proved impregnable and truth has once more proved triumphant, and that in a cause which has been most potent and beneficent, in allevi- ating human suffering. Close analysis, the most scrupulously exact and careful experi- mentation in determining the various indica- tions of the vast array of remedial agents, a broad-minded policy — these have been the aims CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1 105 of the devotees of homeopathy, and the gain to humanity has been notable, while gratitude and appreciation have not been denied. Homeopathy is well established in Stark county and the prestige of the school is upheld by many able practitioners. In the connection it is gratifying to state that the dean of the school in the county. Dr. Marcus M. Catlin, of Canton, is made the subject of specific mention in its pulilication, and such have been his services and such is his distinguished ability m his profession that this record becomes a con- sistent portion of this historical compilation. The Doctor has been animated by that faith which makes faithful, and his labors have not only justified his choice of a profession, but \ t have been such as to add luster to the fame of the school of medicine of which he is an emi- nent representative. When cognizance is had of the fact that he has been engaged in the prac- tice of his profession in Stark county for a third of a century it will be seen that he is well entitled to the designation of dean of homeo- pathy in this section, and through his efforts much was done in the earlier days to further the precedence of this school at a time when it was made the victim of unjust criticism and even ridicule. Notwithstanding our vaunted progress in all lines of thought, action and ma- terial accomplishment, human nature remains the same, and men are reluctant to accept new and radical ideas, so that the reformer, the one of prescience, must have the courage of his con- victions and also an unflagging perseverance and patience if he would attempt to success- fully stand as advocate of a new idea. As such a sponsor Dr. Catlin stood in the interests of homeopathy, and it can not but be a matter of satisfaction to him at the present time to realize how high has become the status of his chosen school and how great its influence in bringing about more humane and scientific methods of practice in the work of the profes- sion at large, without regard to school. He 69 has been tolerant in all things, but has not sac- rificed his beliefs, nor lacked the courage to de- fend his position. He has stood as an exemp- lar of the utmost professional courtesy and has gained the confidence and high esteem of his confreres, while his ministrations have been such as to place him among the benefactors of the race, pity and compassion with him having ever transcended the mere emotion to become a definite motive. Of the details of the career of this honored physician and pioneer of homeopathy in Stark county a resume is given in the personal sketch appearing in this work, and it can not but be gratifying to the profes- sion to find this recognition given to him, since the record of his life and labors is eminently deserving of such historical perpetuation. It is not necessary to offer further consid- eration of the rise of the great and popular school of medicine which he represents, such facts being left to publications of a technical order, but in the days to come the brief record here given, together with the personal sketch, will designate to those who follow how much was accomplished by this veteran physician, who has given himself to the noble work of his profession with signal self-abnegation and de- votion and who is known as an eminent repre- sentative to the school of practice to which he has so long given allegiance. JOHN W. SCHUSTER is a native of Germany, born on the 9th of March, 1852, in the city of Kallstadt, kingdom of Bavaria. He spent his childhood and youth at that place, and after graduating from the public schools in 1865 began planning for his future career, de- ciding about that time to seek his fortune in the United States. Five years later he was enabled to carry out this desire of long stand- ing, as he took passage in 1870, and in due time landed in the city of New York, where during the ensuing two years he worked in a bakery iio6 OLD LANDMARKS and a trunk factor)^ At the expiration of the second year he went to Newark, New Jersey, where he was similarly engaged until 1874, at which time he engaged in the wine business at Cleveland, Ohio. Mr. Schuster remained in the latter city for a period of twenty-four years and prospered in his business affairs, accumulating during that time a handsome capital, which he judiciously invested in 1S98 in a brewery at Millport, near Massillon, with his office in the latter place. This enterprise proved successful from the be- ginnmg and it was not long until he was en- abled to enlarge the scope of his business by organizing in 1900 the Schuster Brewing Com- pany of Massillon, of which he was made pres- ident and general manager. Purchasing the Anton Kopp i^rewery, he soon more than doubled its capacity and later erected the large and handsome building which is now kept run- ning with a full force of operatives almost night and day to supply the constantly increas- ing demand for the company's far-famed man- ufactured product. The brands of beer made at this brewer)^ are noted far and wide for their high standard of excellence, and the reputation which Mr. Schuster has achieved as a master in his line of business has won for him honor- able mention in commercial and industrial cir- cles throughout the state. Mr. Schuster came to this country as a poor stranger in a strange land and to him Dame Fortune held out no glittering favors. En- dowed with a plentiful supply of good common sense, blessed with sound physical health and not afraid of hard work, he bent all of his en- ergies in the way of success and in due time by steadfastness of purpose and commendable thrift, reached the goal of his ambition in the ample competence which he now commands. Mr. Schuster is thoroughly American in all his tendencies and has nothing but praise for the free institutions under which his most pro- nounced success has been achieved. He is a true and loyal citizen of his adopted country and takes as much interest in its welfare and in the welfare of the state, county and city in which he resides as any person to the manner born. Mr. Schuster was married in 1881 to Miss Mary Schreiber, a native of Bavaria, and daughter of Henry Martin Schreiber, who came from that country in 1875 and settled on St. Clair street, Cleveland. He had previously visited the United States in 1864 on a pleasure trip. Seven cliildren have resulted from this union, namely : Frank, who holds the position of secretary in the Schuster Brewing Com- pany; William, who is serving his time in Cleveland, learning the brewery trade; Matil- da, a student in the Massillon high school ; Her- bert, who is pursuing his studies in the high school at Cleveland ; Carl and Amanda, who are still members of the home circle and pupils in the city schools. Mrs. Schuster and the children are members of the German Reformed church of iMassillon. While not identified with any church organization himself, Mr. Schuster belie\es in religion and contributes liberally to the support of the congregation to which his family belongs. Fraternally he is a Mason, be- ing a member of Concordia Lodge No. 345, and Cleveland Lodge No. 61, Knights of Py- thias, and a member of the Improved Order of Red ^len. He is also connected with the Ger- man Turnerverein Society and being a man of decided musical talent, belongs to a couple of organizations for the cultivation of that art. He is the soul of honest, hearty good fellow- ship, as all will attest who have formed his acquaintance or in a business or social way come ^^•ithin the range of his personal influence. J. MELVILLE SCHUCKERS, cashier of the First National Bank of Massillon, is a na- tive of Wooster. Ohio, and is the son of Jacob W. and Elizabeth (Kirkpatrick) Schuckers. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 1 107 Jacob W. Schuckers was a native of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, and removed from that county to Wooster, Ohio, when a single man. He was a pioneer merchant of Wooster, where he died July 27, 1849. His wife was born near Penrith, England, and was the daughter of Thomas Kirkpatrick, who was of Scotch descent, was a practical miner and was inter- ested in lead and coal mines in his native land. In 1832 he came with his family to America. He arrived in Massillon by way of the Ohio canal, and purchased a farm three miles north of the then village in Jackson township and en- gaged in farming. Later he discovered valua- ble coal deposits upon his land and in 1833 he opened the first coal mine in Stark county. He died in 1846. His wife was Frances Lee, who was born in Penrith, England, and died in Mas- sillon in 1866. J. Melville Schuckers is the second in order of three children bom to his parents. Upon the death of his father he came to Massillon with his mother, he then being three years of age. He secured his education in the high school of Massillon. After leaving school in 1864 he served as deputy postmaster of Mas- sillon for a time, and then became clerk and bookkeeper at the mines of the Massillon Coal Company, where he continued until 1869. He then spent a year with the above company in Cleveland, following which he became paymas- ter and bookkeeper for the Fulton Mining Com- pany of Massillon. He also filled the same po- sition for the Rhoades Coal Company and of the Willow Bank Coal Company, and then took charge of the mines as superintendent and man- ager of the Rhoades and Willow Bank Com- pany until the mines were exhausted. About that time he helped to organize the Millport Coal Company, of which he became secretary and treasurer. In 1890 he became assistant cashier of the First National Bank of Massil- lon and in 1892 he was elected cashier of that institution. The subject ' was married September 14, 1893, to Miss Frances S. Stokley, daughter of Mrs. Christina Stokley. Mrs. Schuckers was born in Massillon. Mr. Schuckers is an Epis- copalian, while Mrs. Schuckers is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. CHARLES H. KNIGHT was born in the village of Farmer, Defiance county, Ohio, on the 1 8th of May, 1870, and after attending the public schools of his native county until he had attained the age of about fifteen years he then entered the Northern Indiana Normal School and Business College at Valparaiso, Indiana, where he completed a course in the commercial department, later being matriculated in Angola College, at Angola, Indiana, where he contin- ued his scholastic work until about 1888, when he came to Canton and took the position of bookkeeper for the Canton Saw Company, of which his father was a stockholder at the time. When the latter established the business of the Knight Manufacturing Company in July, 1892, the subject assumed the position of general manager of the concern, and of this responsible office he has since remained incumbent, while through his discerning and well directed efiforts much has been done to further the excellent and gratifying success which has attended the enterprise from the time of its practical inchoa- tion, the products from the well equipped plant being of so superior excellency in design and workmanship as to command the highest favor wherever introduced, and it may be said that the business of the company now permeates into the most diverse sections of the Union. In addition to his executive duties in connec- tion with the office afifairs and general manage- ment of the business the subject also does ef- fective service as its outside representative when such interposition on his part seems ex- pedient. In politics he maintains an independ- iio8 OLD LANDMARKS ant attitude, and fraternally he is identified with the Travelers' Protective Association. In the city of Canton, on the nth of Febru- ary, 1 891, Mr. Knight was united in marriage to Miss Eva Black, who was born and reared in this city, being a daughter of Jarvis Black, who was long one of the leading contractors and builders of this section, having erected the old court house in Canton, besides many churches, school houses, business structures and private residences in this locality. He is now living retired in Canton. Mr. and Mrs. Knight have two children, Earl and Paul. HENRY C. MILLIGAN has been identi- fied with the Carnahan Stamping and Enamel- ing Company from the time of its inception, the success of the same being in a large measure due to his efforts and to his intimate knowledge of the details of the manufacturing of the vari- ous products. He is the inventor and patentee of various processes utilized in the manufac- ture of enameled ware, and these are utilized and controlled by the company with which he is identified, while in addition to his executive ofiice he is also manager and has general super- vision of the works. Mr. Milligan was born in the city of New York on the 22d of October, 1851,- being a son of Gilbert M. and Lucy (Cleveland) Milligan, both of whom were also natives of that city, where they were married and resided until 1854, when they moved to Elizabeth, New Jer- sey, ^vhere his death occurred in February, i860. The mother afterwards moved to South Orange, New Jersey, where her death occurred in December, 1890. They were the parents of eight children, of whom five are living at the present time, viz: John C, of South Orange, New Jersey; Thomas P., of Elizabeth, New. Jersey; Elizabeth M., who married W. E. Groves, of Beverly, New Jersey; Lucy C, now Mrs. Charles P. Fitch, of Beverly, New Jer- sey, and Henry C, the subject of this review, the youngest member of the family. Gilbert !\l. Milligan was secretary and treasurer of the Central Railroad of New Jersey for a great many years and served in that capacity up until the time of his death. He was a man of more than ordinary ability, was a leading factor in his vicinity and was highly esteemed by all who knew him. The subject was reared to manhood in the national metropolis, and there he secured his early education in the public schools, after which he took a collegiate preparatory course at Auburn, New York. In 1868 he became entry clerk in the establishment of Lalance & Grogan Manufacturing Company of New York city, this being the first concern to engage in the manufacture of enameled metal ware in the United States, and from that time to the present Mr. Milligan has been consecutively identified with the same line of industrial enter- prise in various capacities. Finally he became- traveling salesman for the company men- tioned, and was thus employed for a number of years, visiting all the large cities in this country and also South America and Europe. In 1875 he began to devote special study to the process of enameling metal and carried his investiga- tions and experiments to the ultimate, while in 1 884 he secured his - first patent on enameled ware, and since that time has taken out other patents representing distinctive improvements along the same line. In 1886 his old employers paid him forty thousand dollars to keep his in- ventions out of the market, and he remained out of the business for seven years under the stipulations then entered into. At the expira- tion of this period he became connected with the Haderman Manufacturing Company, of New York city, as a stockholder, his processes being used and inventions manufactured by the concern, with which he continued to be identi- fied until a number of different manufacturers of the sort entered into a combination, and he^ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1 109 thereafter remained in tlie employ of this syn- dicate or trust until 1899, when he resigned his position and came to Cleveland, Ohio, where he effected the organization of the Crescent Enamel Company, of which he was president until the organization of the Carnahan Stamp- ing and Enameling Company, in 1901, when he sold his Cleveland plant and business to 'this new company, of which he became vice-presi- dent at the time of the organization. He came to Canton in October, 1901, to supervise the establishing of the enameling plant of the com- pany, and within twelve months the entire plant was in full operation. The products of the manufactory include what is known as granite ware, as well as blue and white ware, Servian ware and other lines of analogous character. When the works were put in operation the capacity was for the output of five thousand pieces a day, and since that time the business has so increased in extent that the daily output reaches twenty thousand pieces, while the trade of the concern extends into all sections of the Union. Mr. Milligan has given his special attention to the enameling department, of which he has had the superin- tendence from the start. He is a man of marked executive ability and the enterprise with which he is connected is a valuable acqui- sition to the industrial interests of Canton. In politics Mr. Milligan gives his support to the Republican party, and his religious faith is that ■of the First Presbyterian church of Canton. JOHN W. .^LBAUGH.— The original progenitor of the Albaugh family in America came hither in 1735, in company with his three sons, having emigrated from the German fatherland. They located near the historic old town of Frederick. Maryland, whence two of the sons eventually came to the West.- one lo- •cating in Carroll county, Ohio, while the other ■followed the star of empire still farther on its course westward. William Albaugh, grand- father of the Judge, was born and reared in ]\[aryland and he became one of the early set- tlers in Ohio, having located in Carroll county about the year 1802. There he became num- bered among the pioneer farmers of the state, and a citizen of prominence and influence. He served in the war of 1812 and thereafter con- tinued identified with agricultural pursuits in the county mentioned until his death, about the year 1842, at the age of sixty-five years. In Carroll county was solemnized his marriage, the maiden name of his wife having been Weaver, and she likewise died in that county. Ezra Albaugh, father of the subject of this re- \'iew, was l^orn on the old homestead farm near Kilgore, Carroll county, on the 13th of Febru- ary, 1807, and was there reared to manhood, receiving- a fair education for the day. About 1836 was solemnized his marriage to Miss Elizabeth Walters, and they shortly afterward removed to a farm in Warren township, Tus- carawas county, where Ezra Albaugh passed the remainder of his long and useful life, be- coming one of the successful and influential citizens of that section, and having served for twenty-one years as justice of the peace. He died on the old homestead farm April 5, 1885, and his devoted wife was summoned into eter- nal rest in 1892. They were originally mem- bers of the Lutheran church, but later became communicants of the Methodist Episcopal' church. The mother of Judge Albaugh was born in the year 181 9 in \Vest Virginia, being a daughter of Jacob Walters, who was born in Germany, whence he came to the United States when a young man, here marrying a Miss Curry and settling in West Virginia, whence he later came to Ohio, becoming a pio- neer of Tuscarawas county, where both he and his wife died. Ezra Albaugh was originally an old-line Whig in his political proclivities, later transferring his allegiance to the Democratic party, in favor of whose cause he thereafter I I lO OLD LANDMARKS ever exercised his franchise. He and his wife became the parents of thirteen children, of wiiom three are Hving at the present time. Judge John W. Aliaaugh was born on the homestead farm, in Warren township, Tusca- rawas county, on the 4th of July, 1844, and he continued to reside there until about fifteen years of age, while he secured his early educa- tional discipline in the district schools. At the age of sixteen years he began teaching in such schools during the winter terms, while he con- tinued his individual studies in select schools during the summer vacations. He followed this plan until he had attained the age of twenty- three years, when he began reading law under the effective preceptorship of Judge James Pat- rick, of New Philadelphia, being admitted to the bar of the state in 1S69. He forthwith be- gan the practice of his profession in New Phil- adelpiiia, the county-seat of his native county, there entering into partnership with Judge J. H. Barnhill, with whom he was thus associated for the ensuing three years, within which time he effectually won his professional spurs. He was then elected prosecuting attorney of Tus- carawas county, in 1873, and served in this ofifice for two terms with marked acceptability, and within this period he formed a law part- nership with his brother-in-law, John S. Gra- ham, with whom he continued to be thus asso- ciated for seven years. In 1882 he came to Canton and here entered intO' a similar profes- sional alliance with John C. Welty, one of the leading members of the bar of the county, and three years later the subject was elected to the bench of the circuit court for a term of two years, at the expiration of which he was chosen as his own successor for the long term of six years, after Avhich he and his wife passed the summer of 1893 in the state of California. Upon his return to Canton Judge Albaugh again entered into partnership with his former confrere, Mr. Welty, and they have since con- tinued to be associated in the handling of a large and important practice, their clientage be- ing of representative order, while they have been prominent in much important litigation and stand as counsel for a number of leading corporations. In politics the Judge has ever been a stahvart advocate of the principles of the Democratic party, and he has done effective work in the party cause, though he has never sought official preferment aside from that di- rectly in line with the specific work of his pro- fession. Mrs. Albaugh is a zealous member of the Methodist Episcopal church and is also an active worker in the Woman's Christian Tem- perance Union, being now (1903) a delegate from Ohio to the world's convention at Geneva, Switzerland. On the 6th of August, 1866, in New Cum- berland, Ohio, was solemnized the marriage of Judge Albaugh to Miss Estella Seran, who^ was born in that county, being a daughter of Mica- jah and Sarah (Carnes) Seran. The Judge and Mrs. Albaugh have two sons — Thurlow K., who married Miss Gertrude Moushey, is now, in company with the Judge, owner and manager of the Grand Opera House in Akron, Ohio. Walter Alonzo is engaged in the furni- ture business in Canton. He married Miss Ber- nice King and they have two children — Walter Gayle and Bernice Helen. DANIEL CAMP.— The subject of this re- view claims Switzerland as his fatherland, in which romantic little mountain republic he was born on the 7th day of Augtist, 1831, being the son of Ulrich and Magdaline (Beeler) Camp, both natives of the country. By occupation Ulrich Camp was a farmer, in addition to which he worked for a number of years in France, cutting and selling cord wood. His home place in Switzerland consisted of nine acres of tillable land, quite a large farm for that country, and he was considered as belong- ing to the better class of agriculturists. About CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 1 1 1 1 the year 1834 lie disposed of his interests in liis native land and came to the United States, set- thng in Wayne county, Ohio, then.ce, after three years, moving to the county of Tuscara- was, where he spent the remainder of his hfe as a moderately successful tiller of the soil, dy- ing in 1869, his wife entering into rest five years previous to that date. Of the eight chil- dren born to this couple but two are living — Jacob, of Indiana, and Daniel, whose name in- troduces this sketch. Daniel Camp was about three years old wlien brought to this country, consequently he has no recollections of the land of his birth. He was reared on a farm, attended the public schools during the winter seasons of his minor- ity and grew to manhood in Ohio, early choos- ing agriculture as the calling best suited to !:is tastes and inclinations. In 1852, when about twenty-eight years of age, he went to Iowa, which at that time was a new and sparsely set- tled country, but not being pleased with the prospect there, he soon left and took up his residence in Missouri, where he remained until 1862. In that year he returned to Ohio and re- sumed the pursuit of agriculture, and nine years later purchased the fine little farm in Perry township, on which he has since lived and prospered. Mr. Camp was married November 28, 1854, to Miss Mary Wallick, who was born in Coshocton county, this state, on the 7th dav of November, 1S28, the daughter of Philip and Elizabeth (Showalter) Wallick, both par- ents natives of Pennsylvania, the father's birth occurring in Bedford county, the mother's in the county of Berks. Mr. and Mrs. Wallick were among the earliest white settlers of Coshocton county, moving there when that part of Ohio was considered the western verge of civilization. They lived on a farm which Mr. Wallick cleared from the woods and were highly esteemed 1)}- the people of their neigh- borhood. They reared a family of seven chil- dren, four of whom survive, and died where they originally settled, the father in 1840 and the mother in 1862. Mr. and Mrs. Camp have si.x children, the oldest living being a son by the name of Austin B., a farmer of Stark county, and also engaged in the United States mail service; he married Miss Catherine Hensel and is the father of two sons, Raymond and Charles A. Clara E., the second of the subject's family, is the wife of E])hraim Faltz, to whom she has borne children as follows:- Clifford I., Efbe C, Ralph W. and Camp W. Sarah, tlie third in order of birth, married George Welty, of Stark cuunlv, and has two children, a daughter by the name of Beulah and a son who answers to the name of Isaac F. Mary M., the next in succession, is the wife of .-Xrnold U.-u-per, of Canal Dover, their family consisting of two children — Mary L. and Luther E. Ada F. is unmarried, and after her comes Clifford E., whose wife was formerly Miss Mary E. Barley; this couple have been blessed with two offspring, whose names are Clifford B. and Howard Daniel. Mr. Camp furnished his children with the best ed- ucational advantages obtainable and three of them, Austin, Clifford and Maiy, taught for a number of years in the public schools of Stark county. Of the subject's career as a farmer and citi- zen it is not necessary to speak except in gen- eral terms, as his life is an open book, known and read by the people of the community of which he had long been an honorable and praiseworthy resident. .\s already stated, his farm is not large, but what ii lacks in area is more than made uj) in the high grade of its im- provements and the success ^vith which the soil is cultivated. .\ man of i)rogressi\-e ideas, he has pursued agriculture according to the most rational methods, and his means have been lib- erally expended in supplying his family with coiuforts and coin-eniences and m making- the home beautiful, pleasant and attractive. I I 12 OLD LANDMARKS Politically Mr. Camp is somewhat inde- pendent, but in the main gives his support to the Democratic party, especially in state and national affairs, reserving the right to cast his ballot for the best qualified or most deserving candidate in local matters. He is a most pro- nounced temperance man and for years past has been an uncompromising antagonist of the liquor traffic, doing all in his power by exam- ple, precept and action to arrest the curse to which he attributes the great majority of the evils with which society and the nation are af- flicted. He has the courage of his convictions on all questions and stands firm for what he beilieves right, having little respect for the weak policy which fears to run counter to pub- lic sentiment when it happens to be popular. NATHAN E. MOFFITT.— The families of which the subject of this review is a worthy representative were among the early pioneers of Stark county and have maintained a contin- uous residence here to the present time. The name Moffitt is not only an old one in the an- nals of this part of the state, but also an honor- able one and so far as known none bearing it h.ave ever brought discredit to the high reputa- tion it has always sustained. The Moffitts are of Irish origin. Many years ago the subject's great-grandparents left the Emerald Isle and sought a home in America, settling in Wash- ington county, Pennsylvania, where they botli spent the remainder of their days. One of their sons, Peter Moffitt, was about seven years old when the family came to the New World. He was reared in Pennsylvania and there mar- ried Mary Snee, who bore him seven children, all of whom have long since passed on to that bourne from which no traveler returns. In an early day Peter Moffitt moved to Mt. Eaton, Ohio, where he engaged in the furniture busi- ness, subsequently changing his abode to the town of Dalton, where he spent the remaining years of his life. Among the children of Peter and Mary Moffitt was a son by the name of William, who was born in Washington coun- ty, Pennsylvania. He accompanied his parents to Ohio, and when a youth learned the shoe- maker's trade, which he followed until his mar- riage, in 'Stark county, to Miss Lucinda El- ridge, whose people were among the early pio- neers of this part of the state. About the year 1843 William Moffitt gave up his trade and turned his attention to agriculture and from that time until his death, in 1898, at the ad- vanced age of eighty-one, he was recognized as one of the leading farmers and representa- tives of the township in which he lived. In politics he was a Whig- and later a Republican, and for a number of years held the office of trustee, though never an aspirant for public po- sition. When a lad of fourteen he united with the Methodist church and entered upon tlie consecrated Christian life which characterized his career until the Master called him from the church militant to the church triumphant. He held every official position within the gift of the church except that of the public ministry and for over a half century served as class leader, in which capacity he was instrumental in strengthening the faith of his fellow com- nnmicants and inspiring them to renewed zeal and activity in the Master's vineyard. His life was in strict harmony with his profound faith and all who came within the range of his influ- ence felt that they were in the presence of one who walkeeen organist and leader of the choir in the same, being an accomplished musician with a wide reputation as a vocalist and as a skillful performer upon several kinds CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1123 of instruments. In the dil'ferent lines of re- ligious work under the supervision of the church he is also quite active, being a mem- ber of the Knights of Columbus and a leading .spirit in the Catholic Mutual Benefit Associ- ation, the success of which organizations is due to him ]jer!ia])s as much as to any other in- dividual identified therewith. Mr. Zimmer acts with the Democratic party, politically Wieving thoroughly in its principles and has an abiding faith in its mis- sion as a party of the people. lie has never been attracted by the allurements of office, but contents himself with voting his principles and supporting' the party's candidates, leaving the responsibility of leadership and the hcjnors of public position to those whose minds run in such directions. T. J. REED, M. D., is proud to claim Ohio as his native state, a state which has probably produced as many distinguished men in all lines of human action as any other commonwealth in the American union. He was born July 31, 1838, in the county of Coshocton, and re- mained there until a youth of seventeen years, meantime acquiring a knowledge of the ele- mentary branches of learning in the ])ublic schools. The training thus received was after- wards supplemented by a course in Keen Academy, and at the age of eighteen he selected medicine as the profession best suited to his tastes and inclinations, entering, in 1856, Rolfe Medical College in the city of Toronto, Canada. .After spending two years in that in- stitution, he became a student of Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, where he pur- sued his studies until i860, when he was graduated. Shortly after receiving his degree Dr. Reed was appointed acting assistant surgeon in the United States navy, l>eing as- signed duty on the ship "DeSoto," and later transferred to the United States ship "Stars and Stripes." After discharging the duties of this position with credit to himself and satis- faction to the department until 1864, he was appointed to a similar i)ost in the United States army, entering upon his official functions at Washington City, D. C, where he remained until the year following, when he .severed his connection with the service for the purpose of further perfecting himself in his profession. Tn 1865 he took a post-graduate course in obstetrics at Jefiferson College, and the follow- ing year located at Massillon, where he has since devoted him,self very closely to the general practice, building up a very extensive business and earning honorable distinction in a field long noted for its high order of medical talent. Dr. Reed is a man of brnad and liberal learning in his professicjii, skillful as a practitioner, and possesses what is .so desirable in a true healer, cheerfulness, cotutesy, a high sense of honor and an inspiring ])resence which never fails to cut entering the arena as an office seeker. As a business man Mr. DeFord is clear, far- sighted, shrewd, eminently honorable and his success may be inferred from the commanding position he occupies in the financial world and the large fortune in his possession. II28 OLD LANDMARKS Edwin S. DeFord, distinguished as a busi- ness man and financier and holding marked prestige in the domain of citizenship, has made his presence felt in the world of affairs, and stand distinctively in the front ranks of the county's successful self-made men. His an- cestral history as outlined in the preceding paragraphs throws light upon the sterling char- acter of his antecedents, but it is a careful study of the man himself that will account for his gradual rise from a comparatively unknown station to the commanding position which he now occupies. Edwin S. DeFord is a native of Carroll county, Ohio, born on the family home- stead in Augusta township, February 19. 1862. His home life \vas all that could have been desired and it is not at all strange that he early formulated plans and purposes as to his future course of action. At the proper age he entered the public schools of his native county and the training thus received formed the basis of more thorough study in the high school at Warren. Later he became a student of the Ohio Normal University at Ada, from which he was grad- uated in 1882, and subsequently he took a course in Mt. Union College, an institution at- tended by many of Ohio's noted public and suc- cessful business men. In 1886, soon after fin- ishing his education, Mr. DeFord engaged in the milling business at East Rochester, New York, and spent ten successful years in that in- dustry, at the expiration of which time, in part- nership with his father and a Mr. Couch, he assisted in establishing what was formerly the DeFord & Couch Banking Company, now the First National Bank of Minerva. As originally organized the bank lasted until 1898, when the name was changed to that of the Farmers' and Merchants' Banking Company; in 1900 the name by which it is at present known was adopted, the subject being elected cashier, a position he still holds. Mr. DeFord's long connection with one of the leading monetary institutions of Stark coun- ty affords the best proof of his ability and judgment as a sound practical financier and he has discharged his functions in a manner well calculated to inspire public confidence in the stability and integrity of the bank, his official record being without a flaw and his private character far above the suspicion of any but the most worthy and honorable motives. Mr. DeFord is one of Stark county's lead- ing Democrats and his interest in behalf of the party has done much to strengthen its cause in this part of the state. In 1901, he was nomi- nated for county treasurer, but, owing to the ovenvhelming Republican majority, suffered defeat, though running ahead of the majority of candidates on his ticket. He has been quite active in municipal affairs, having served sev- eral terms in the common council of Minerva and at this time is filling the office of township treasurer. Fraternally he is a member of Tubal Lodge No. 551, Free and Accepted Masons, and of the Minerva Lodge, Knights of Pythias, in addition to which organizations he is also identified with Tent No. 122, Knights of the Maccabees. He has risen high in the Masonic brotherhood, being a thirty-second-degree Ma- son, belonging to the chapter at Alliance and Commandery No. 38. Knights Templar, at Can- ton, the Mystic Shrine and Lake Erie Consist- ory at Cleveland, Ohio, in all of which he has been honored with important official positions. His religious belief is embodied in the creed of the Methodist Episcopal church, being an act- ive and consistent member of the congregation which meets for worship in the town of Mi- nerva. The domestic chapter in the life of Mr. De- Ford bears the date of 1884. on the 17th of January of which year he was happily married to Miss Mapy^ A. Cunningham, of Paris town- ship, daughter of Richard Cunningham, one of the county's prominent and influential agri- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1129 culturists. Two children brightened the home of Mr. and Mrs. DeFord, namely : Mark Dun- can and Gertrude Marie. FRANK E. CASE, president of the Har- vard Manufacturing- Company, is of Irish de- scent, but his family has been represented in this country ever since the colonial period, the name first appearing in connection with the early settlement of New York and Connecticut. With one of the early tides of immigration to the New England coast came two gentlemen from Ireland by the name of John and Aaron Case, both seafaring men, tlie former locating at Bloomfield, Connecticut, the latter settling in the colony of New York, both becoming heads of families. It is from the New England branch that the subject of this review is de- scended, liis genealogy being traceable in an un- broken line to the original John Case, who, from the most reliable information at hand, appears to have been a man of considerable influence in the affairs of the town and county in which he lived. Among the descendants of this sturdy pioneer was one Aaron Case, a farmer by occupation, who was born in Bloom- -field, Connecticut, and there lived until the year 1835 when he moved to northeastern Ohio, set- tling in the town of Windsor, Ashtabula coun- ty. After following his chosen calling for a number of years in that part of the state he mi- grated to Michigan, where he spent the remain- der of his life, dying in 1884 at an advanced age. Hiram Case, son of the above Aaron and father of the subject of this review, was born at Bloomfield, Connecticut, in 1822, and when a lad of twelve years, in company with his three brothers, came on foot to Ohio to rejoin his father, who had preceded him by a short time to this state, his mother having died some time before at the old home in Connecticut. He grew up on a farm, received his education in such schools as he could attend and, being of a studious nature and an omnivorous reader, in due time became a remarkably well informed man upon many subjects and to a large extent a leader of thought among the people with whom he mingled. He married, in Ashtabula . county, Miss Mary Amidon, a descendant of a Revolutionary hero by the name of John Smith, who held a captain's commission in the Ameri- can army and distinguished himself by gallant service in the battle of Bunker Hill, having been one of the last to retire before the British from the bloody field. George Amidon, father of Mrs. Case, married Miss Smith and died when quite a young man; his family was well known in the county of Ashtabula and the name has been familiar there since the early settle- ment of the country. After his marriage Hiram Case engaged in agricultural pursuits and followed the same for a livelihood to the end of his days. He lived to the age of seventy-nine, and departed this life in 1901. his wife dying the same year. Of the family of Hiram and Mary Case there are two living representatives, Frank E., whose name furnishes the caption of this article, and Dr. F. D. Case, a physician and surgeon prac- ticing his profession in the city of Ashtabula. Frank E. Case was born on the home farm in the county of Ashtabula and until his seven- teenth year remained under the parental roof, devoting the winter months to study in the pub- lic .schools. After finishing the common branches he entered the Orwell Academy, where he fitted himself for teaching, which pro- fession he followed for several years, first in the country, and subsequently as teacher of the Orwell schools, in which capacity he earned an honorable reputation as an educator. Re- signing his position in the above schools, he accepted the principalship of the Jefferson high school and while serving in that capacity began to study law with Hon. S. A. Northway, under whose able instruction he made substantial progress until admitted to the bar in 1871. 1 1 30 OLD LANDMARKS Mr. Case opened an office in Canal Fulton the same year of his admission to the bar and during the ensuing two years built up a lucra- tive business in that town and established the reputation of an able lawyer and successful practitioner. At the expiration of that time he removed to Canton, where he soon took high rank among the successful members of the bar, and lie continued to practice with a large and lucrative patronage until 1890, when he retired from tlie profession for the purpose of engag- ing in his present important industrial enter- prise. In the above year Mr. Case became inter- ested in the manufacture of dental and surgical chairs, a line of work which up to that time had been neglected in this country, but for which there had been a constantly growing demand. Taking advantage of the situation he soon had the enterprise upon solid footing. In 1887 the manufacture of surgical chairs was begun in a very small way in the l)asement of Mr. Case's house, and from this small beginning he has, without the aid of outside capital, built up a phenomenallv prosperous and substantial busi- ness. The present ])lant is one of the finest and most modern in the state, being built of stone and brick. Employment is given by the company to about one hundred and twenty peo-' pie all told. The company has agencies in Lon- don, England, and Mellx)urne, Australia, and manufactures the leading high-grade chair made outside the trust, the total output amounting to two hundred and fifty thousand dollars annually. Mr. Case is the patentee of many valuable improvements and designs in dental and surgical chairs, all of Avhich he con- trols exclusively. In addition to being presi- dent and practical owner of the Harvard Com- pany. Mr. Case is president of the Canton Public I iljrary Association, president of the Dime Savings Bank and a director of the First National Bank. Mr. Case was married, in Trumbull county. Ohio, July 7, 1879, to Miss Theano Wattles, daughter of John and Esther Wattles, a lady of beautiful character and varied culture who has had much to do in shaping his sulisequent life and establishing his success. Politically Mr. Case is a pronounced Republican, but being es- .sentially a business man with the interest of th.e enterprise with which he is connected rest- ing upon him, he has little time to devote ta public affairs or matters outside his line of duty. He stands high in industrial and business cir- cles and is equally esteemed as a citizen, being interested in the progress of his adopted city and ready to lend his influence to all agencies with that oln'ect in view. EDWARD M. SHREINER traces his lineage back to sturdy German stock, the original representatives of the name having early settled in the old Keystone state, of which he is himself a native son, having been born in ?.laytown, Lancaster county. Pennsylvania, on the 8th of July, 1864, and being a son of Henry M. and Susie (Myers) Shreiner, both of whom were likewise natives of Lancaster county, where they were reared and where their marriage occurred, the father of our subject having been a shoemaker by trade. When Ed- ward vvas but three years of age his parents came to Ohio, locating in Greentowm, Stark c>_>untv, where the father's death occurred in 1869, after which the subject was reared on a farm just south of Akron, Summit county, passing his youthful days in attending the pub- lic schools during the winter months and de- voting his attention to work on the farm during die summer seasons, and the while working for liis board while attending school. His mother is still living, having her home with her chil- dren, while she has attained the age of sixty- four years (1903). She is a devoted member of the Evangelical church, as was also her hus- band. They became the parents of four chil- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1131 dren, of whom all are living at the present time. George Shreiner, grandfather of him whose name initiates this sketch, was likewise born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, where he passed his entire life, having been a jeweler by trade and vocation. After leaving school, at the age of eighteen years, Edward M. Shreiner put his scholastic attainments to practical test by engaging in teaching a district school, and while he was suc- cessful in his first term of work he was not suffi- ciently pleased with the pedagogic profession to further continue his efforts in the line. Af- ter giving up his school work he accordingly came to Canton, in 1885, and here he secured a clerical position in the shoe store of John D. Frank, with whom he remained three years, while for the ensuing four years he was em- ploved in the Deuber watch works, in this city. He then resumed clerking, securing a position in the grocery establishment of Louis Dumont, with whom he remained nearly fi\ e years. On the 4th of March, 1896, he engaged in busi- ness on his own responsibility, opening his store in the present location and initiating oper- ations on a modern scale, in harmony with his capitalistic resources available at the time. Through correct methods and unfailing care to meeting the demands of his customers his trade has shown a cumulative tendency from the start, and he now has a large and well stocked store and caters to a rqjresentative pat- ronage. In 1889 his business had so increased in extent as to render it necessary to increase the capacity and accommodations of his store, to which he then built an addition, while in the autumn of 1902 another addition was made to the building, so that he now utilizes an aggre- gate floor space of about two thousand square feet, while he has the confidence and respect of all whom he has dealings, enjoying that per- sonal popularity which is justly liis due. In politics Mr. Shreiner gives his support to the Republican party in state and national af- fairs, and he is strongly in favor of prohibi- tion, doing all in his power to promote the cause of temperance, but believing that reforms of a legal order can best be accomplished through one of the dominant political parties until more concerted and expansive action can be effected through an organization having this one issue as paramount. He and his wife are prominent and valued members of Trinity Lutheran church, in which he has held nearly all the important official positions. Fraternally he is identified with Canton Lodge No. 60, Free and Accepted Masons. In Canton, on the loth of July, 1890, Mr. Shreiner was united in marriage to Miss Bar- bara Leininger, who was born in Pike township, this county, being a daughter of John and Hen- rietta Leininger, the former of whom is now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Shreiner have two children, Nettie and John Frederick. JONAS ESCHLIMAN. — For sixty-six years this gentleman has been an honored resi- dent of Stark county and his name is very close- ly interwo\en with the agricultural interests and material development of Lawrence town- ship. On his father's side Mr. Eschliman is of German descent, although his ancestors for many generations lived in the little mountain republic of Switzerland. His great-grandfather,, a nati\-e of that country, came to the United in a very early day and settled in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, and from him the Amer- ican branch of the family is descended. The subject's grandfather lived and died in Lan- caster county, and it was there that Abraham Eschliman, the father, was also born and raised. Abraham Eschliman was reared a farmer and followed agricultural pursuits in his native state until 1837, at which time lie disposed of his interests there and moved his family to- Stark county, Ohio, settling on the place in Lawrence township which his son, the subject II32 OLD LANDMARKS of this review, now owns. He married, in Penn- sylvania, Miss Elizabeth Horst, a member of one of the Lancaster county's oldest families, and by her had eight c/iildren, five sons and three daughters, of whom four are living, Jonas being the youngest of the family. Two of the daughters live in Elkhart county, Indiana, and one brother has made his home for a number of years in the state of Nebraska. Abraham Eschliman was one of the leading farmers of his day in the township of Lawrence, and earned the reputation of an honorable citizen and upright Christian gentleman. Originally a Whig in politics, he afterward became a loyal supporter of the Republican party and in re- ligion he was of the Mennonite denomination in the county of Stark. He lived a singularly pure and upright life and died in 1870, his good wife and faithful companion being called to her eternal rest the same year. Jonas Eschliman was born November 2, 1834, in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, and in April, 1837, was brought by his parents to Stark county, where he grew to maturity and has since lived. When a youth he knew what it was to work early and late in the woods and fields, and continued to give his father the benefit of his services until at the age to begin the struggle of life for himself. The com- mon schools, which he attended at intervals during his minority, afforded him a fair edu- cation, and on reaching the years of manhood he turned his attention to the vocation which he followed with such signal success until he acquired a sufficiency of the world's goods to enable him to spend the evening in retirement. He managed his business affairs very success- fully, rarely failed to realize handsomely on the time and labor expended in cultivating his lands and by well directed thrift added to his possessions from time to time until he now owns real estate in Lawrence township to the amount of two hundred acres, all well im- proved and very valuable. His farm is beau- tifully situated in one of the most highly fa- vored agricultural sections of Stark county, and his buildings and other improvements, all first class, bespeak the labor and attention he has expended in making a home which all con- cede to be one of the most attractive places of residence in the township of Lawrence. Mr. Eschliman has attained precedence in his community as an enterprising, public-spirit- ed citizen, deeply interested in whatever con- cerns the material, intellectual and moral well- being of his fellow m.en. He served as trus- tee of his township to the satisfaction of the people, and as chairman of the local school board did much to advance the standard of edu- cation in this part of the county. His judg- ment on business matters is seldom if ever at fault, in consequence of which his services have frequently been retained in the settlement of estates and in the adjustment of differences which but for his wise counsel would doubtless have been litigated in the courts. As already stated, Mr. Eschliman is no longer engaged in manual pursuits, having recently turned over the cultivation of his farm to other hands, for the purpose of spending the remainder of his days in the peaceful and honorable retirement which he has so well and faithfully earned. Mr. Eschliman's first marriage was solem- nized in 1855. with Miss Fannie Martin, who died six years later, leaving four children, name- ly: Elizabeth, Jacob, Nancy and Jonas, all but Nancy living. Miss Nancy Eschliman mar- ried a gentleman by the name of Eberly, and bore him one child, Edith, whom Mr. Eschli- man took to raise after the death of both par- ents. The subject's recent wife was Miss Mar- tha Martin, a sister of his former companion ; she became the mother of eight children, and departed this life in 1891. leaving her husband trulv bereft. The following are the names of the sons and daughters of the second union : John H., Mar\' I., A. W., Amos (deceased), Ezra, Daniel R., William H. and Martha. Both CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1133 of 'Sir. Eschliman's wives were devout members of the Mennonite church, with which rehgious body he is also identified. WILLIAM FINDLEY.— The gentleman whose name introduces this review hails from the romantic domain of Scotland, a land long celebrated in story and song for heroes' brave and daring deeds. He was born on the 25th of May, 1853, the son of David and Elizabeth (Dougal) Findley, both natives of Scotland, as were their ancestors beyond the memory of man. By occupation the father was a coal miner. After following that vocation in Scot- land for a number of years, he concluded to better his condition by coming to the United States. Accordingly, in 1856, he set sail and in due time reached his destination in Stark county, Ohio. The following year his wife and son, the subject of this sketch, started to join him, but on the voyage the former died and was buried at sea. So it was with feelings sad and forlorn that young William, then a child of about four years, arrived at Massillon, on the 4th day of July, 1857. On coming to this coun- try David Findley resumed coal mining and followed the same in Stark county for a number of years, making his home the meantime at Massillon, where his death occurred in 1878. Young William was reared in the above town and at intervals during his youth enjoyed the advantages of the common school. Owing to his father's poor health, he was soon obliged to abandon his studies and do what he could to make his own living, and at the early age of eight years he earned his first money by work- ing in the coal mines near Massillon. During the fifteen years following he labored incessant- ly as a miner, husbanding his earnings very carefully the meanwhile with the object in view of engaging in some other business as soon as he could command sufficient capital to do so. At length he was enabled to carry out this de- sire of long standing, having by industry and close economy saved enough money to start in the grocery business in 1876, taking as a part- ner Thomas Masters, the firm thus constituted soon obtaining a liberal share of the trade. Messrs. Findley and Masters remained to- gether about twenty-two years, at the expira- tion of which time Mr. Masters died and since then the subject has conducted the business upon his own responsibility. He has a fine store in the village of Neuman, carries a full line of carefully selected goods, and, by cater- ing to the demands of the trade, has built up a large and lucrative business which gives prom- ise of continued increase with each succeeding year. In addition to his mercantile interests, Mr. Finley discharges the duties of postmaster at Neuman, having been appointed to the posi- tion in 1886, when the oftice was first estab- lished. He is also trustee of Lawrence town- ship, which office he fills with great acceptance, being a most judicious custodian of the peo- ple's interests in a position requiring sound judgment, shrewd business tact and good exec- utive ability. Mr. Findley has proven himself worthy of the confidence reposed in him by his fellow citizens and every duty coming within his province has been discharged to the satis- faction of all concerned. He is greatly es- teemed by the public and so ably and faithfully has he managed his present positions that his friends predict for him still higher official hon- ors in the future. On the 6th day of July, 1876, Mr. Findley was happily married to Miss Annie Rowland, a native of South Wales, who came to the United States when a girl with her parents, Edward and Margaret (Hughes) Rowland, the family settling in Stark county. This union has- been blessed with one child, a daughter by the name of Margaret, who was graduated from the Massillon Business College and who is now her father's efficient deputy in the post- office at Neuman. II34 OLD LANDMARKS Financially Mr. Findley has been quite suc- cessful, having amassed a handsome compe- tence, owiiing, besides his home and business property in Neuman, some valuable real es- tate in the city of Massillon. He is one of the stanch Republicans of this part of the county and takes an active part in public and political affairs, being one of the leaders of his party in Lawrence township, and ever ready to make any reasonable sacrifice to insure its success. His fraternal relations are represented by the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, belonging to Lodge No. 48 at Massillon. Mrs. Findley and daughter are members of the Baptist church and earnest workers in all lines of religious and charitable activity. While not identified with any religious organization himself, Mr. Findley is a believer in Christi- anity and gives liberally of his means for the dissemination of its great truths among men, both at home and abroad. During the last fourteen years he has been a member of the local board, in which capacity he has been un- tiring in his efforts to build up the educational system and elevate its standard of efficiency. In brief, it can truly be said of Mr. Findley that he is one of the broad-minded and useful men of his day, and as a neighbor and citizen none stand higher in public esteem, nor have any been more faithful in laudable endeavors to make the world wiser and better. JOHN J. LUTZ.— The name Lutz is an old one in Stark county and is also a familiar sound in various parts of Pennsylvania, where the ancestors of the American branch of the family settled in colonial times, coming to this country from Germany. Samuel Lutz, the subject's grandfather, a Pennsylvanian by birth, married in his native state Elizabeth Ar- nold, and when a young man moved his fam- ily to Stark county, Ohio, where he and his wife spent the remainder of their days. Among th.e children born in this county was a son by the name of Jacob, who grew to maturity in Jackson township and learned the shoemaker's trade. He also carried on farming in connec- tion with his regular vocation and became a man of considerable consequence in his com- munity, having been a substantial citizen and reasonably successful in the accumulation of worldly wealth, owning at tlie time of his death a well improved farm of one hundred and twelve acres in the township of Jackson. Jacob married Miss Catherine Whitmire, a na- tive of Pennsylvania, who bore him eight chil- dren, four of whom are living. John J. Lutz was born December 11, 1837, on the paternal homestead and spent the years of his youth and young manhood amid the stirring scenes of farm life. His early life de- veloped not only strong bodily powers, but fos- tered habits of industry and thrift, and he grew up with the well defined purpose of living an honorable life and of becoming of some use to the world. While at home he spent the sum- mer seasons assisting his father with the farm work and in the winter time attended the com- mon schools, in which he acquired a fair knowledge of the branches which then consti- tuted the course of study. When it became necessary for liim to sever home ties and begin life's struggle upon his own responsibility, he chose farming for a vocation, and has followed the same with success and profit from that time until the present day. ]\Ir. Lutz owns a small but finely situated and well improved place in Jackson township, and, by thrift and good management, has surrounded himself with a sufficiency of comforts and conveniences to make his condition practically independent. He has not been sparing of his means in improying and beautifying his home, having a good, sub- stantial .residence and a fine bam, the latter structure erected in 1890 at a considerable out- lay of capital. In the year 1867 Mr. Lutz was united in CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1135 marriage to Miss Anna M. Shook, who was born in Berlin, Stark county, in 1838. Her parents, George and Hannah (Harter) Shook, were also natives of Stark, the former being a son of David and Sarah (Marsh) Shook, of Pennsylvania, and early pioneers of this part of Ohio. David was a hero of the war of 1812 and participated in a number of battles, beside seeing much other active service during the progress of the struggle. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Lutz has not been blessed with offspring, notwithstanding they have furnished a home to three orphan children, after whose welfare they have looked with all the care and interest that natural parents could possibly manifest. The names of the children are: Franklin E. McPike, John H. Bender and Ethel D. Lutz. Mr. and Mrs. Lutz are de- voted Christians, having been zealous members of the Refonned Lutheran church for a num- ber of years. In his political adherency Mr. Lutz is a pro- nounced Democrat, and as such was elected in 1895 treasurer of the township of Jackson, which position he has held for eight consecu- tive years. He has discharged the duties of the office in a straightforward, businesslike manner, and handled the public funds most ju- diciously, rendering a strict account of every dollar in his possession, and proving himself worthy of the implicit confidence reposed in him by his fellow citizens. Mr. Lutz is a man of strong common sense, excellent judgment and in all of his dealings and business relations his integrity has been above the slightest sus- picion of dishonor. LIENRY HEISA.— As the name implies, Mr. Heisa is of German descent. His grand- father, George Heisa, was a native of the king- dom of Hanover, in which country the pater- nal ancestors of the family have lived for years bevond the memorv of anv of the survivinof descendants. The maiden name of Mrs. George Heisa was Mary Rutterbusch. She also was born and reared in Llanover and after the death of her first husband, which occurred in his native country, came to the United States and spent the remainder of her life in York county, Pennsylvania. Frederick William Heisa, son of George and Mary Heisa, and father of the subject, was born in Hanover, Germany, in 1809, and came to America about the year 1834, locating in York county, Penn- sylvania, where, in 1837, he was united in mar- riage to Miss Rebecca Adams. Mrs. Heisa was born November 30, 1814, in the county of York, the daughter of Peter Adams, a na- tive of England, and an early business man of Hagerstown, Maryland. Mr. Adams served as a fifer in the war of 1812 and after the cessa- tion of hostilities engaged in the manufacture of woolen goods in the town of Hagerstown. Here he operated a large mill for a number of years, realizing from the business an ample fortune. His wife was Sarah Hibner, a daugh- ter of Augustine Hibner, who came to Amer- ica from Leipsic, Germany, and served under the Marquis De LaFayette in the war of the Revolution. During the thirteen years follow- ing his marriage Frederick William Heisa fol- lowed agricultural pursuits in York county, Pennsylvania, but in 1850 disposed of his in- terests there and moved to Holmes county, Ohio, where he lived about one year, changing residence at the expiration of that time to Sum- mit county. Later he moved to Lake township. Stark county, and after residing there about six years, purchased a farm two and one-half miles southeast of Union, where he made his home for a period of seven years. At the end of that time he bought of Benjamin Conradt a farm in Jackson township. Stark county, which his son, the subject of the review, now owns and occupies. And it was on this place that his death occurred January 15, 1877. Mrs. Heisa survived her husband until 1891, dying 1136 OLD LANDMARKS on May 31st of that year. Frederick W. Heisa was a remarkably successful man in all of his business affairs, and at one time owned thirty acres of valuable real estate in York county, Pennsylvania. He also accumulated a large property in Ohio, his realty at the time of his death amounting to three hundred and thirty-four acres, in addition to which he had other possessions, which made his private for- tune something in excess of thirty-two thou- sand dollars. He was an influential factor in public as well as business matters ; an ardent Democrat in politics and to no small degree a molder of opinion in his community. To him and his wife were born six children, whose names are as follows : Sarah J., deceased ; Mary S., deceased; George F. ; Henry; Charles C. and Ida R. Henry Heisa, whose name introduces this review, was born in Spring Garden township, York county, Pennsylvania,' on the 22d day of November, 1847. He was quite young when his parents moved to Holmes county, Ohio, and until his eleventh year lived in Union and Lake townships, meanwhile obtaining a knowledge of the elementary branches of learn- ing in the public schools. The greater part of Mr. Heisa's life has been spent in Stark county and his training on the farm eminently fitted him for the career which he has since followed with such a large measure of financial success. Although his early education was somewhat limited, he has read and thought much, and possessing a strong, discriminating mind, has never been at a loss to keep himself in close touch with the tread of events and in forming sound opinions relative to the great questions and issues of the times. His place, which con- sists of one hundred and sixty-one acres of val- uable land in Jackson township, is one of the most desirable rural homes in this part of the county and no pains nor expense have been avoided in adding to its beauty and attractive- ness. In addition to general agriculture, Mr. Heisa devotes much attention to the breeding and raising of fine live stock, in which branch of farming his success has been commensurate with the energy displayed in all of his under- takings. In his political views Mr. Heisa subscribes to the principles of the Democratic party, and ever since attaining his majority has mani- fested a lively interest in their success. He has been especially active in all organized efforts for the promotion of agriculture, being a lead- ing member of the Patrons of Husbandry, and for several years served as treasurer of the Farmers' Alliance of Stark county. Mr. Heisa was married on the 14th of No- vember, 1872, to Miss Crecilla Tritt, of Sum- mit county, Ohio, a union blessed with four children, namely : Hattie May, Curtis William Frederick, Elva Vernona and Ida Rebecca. Mrs. Heisa and her two daughters are mem- bers of the Reformed church. Mr. Heisa is not identified with any religious organization, although he is a believer in and a liberal sup- porter of the church. CHARLES MARTIN, who was for many years one of the progressive and representative farmers of Plain township, was a native of the old Keystone state of the Union, having been born in the city of Lancaster. Lancaster coun- ty, Pennsylvania, on the 24th of July, 1825, and having been a son of George and Catherine (Croft) Martin, both of whom were likewise natives of that county, where the death of the former occurred, while the latter came to Stark county and here passed her declining days in the city of Canton, where she died at the age of sixty years. Eight children were born of this union, namely: John, Catherine, George, Magdalene, Rebecca, Henry, Emanuel and Charles, and of the number only two, Emanuel and Henn,\ are living at the present time. Charles Martin was the youngest of the- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1137 children and was a young man of about seven years when he came with his widowed mother from l-ancaster county, Pennsylvania, to Can- ton, his educational training having been re- ceived in the common schools of Stark county, Ohio. In his youth he learned the trade of rope making, but the greater portion of his active business career was devoted to agricultural pursuits, in which he so directed his efforts as to attain independence and definite prosperity. On the 4th of December, 1845, ™ Plain town- ship, this county, he was united in marriage to Miss Delilah Smith, who was born in that township, on the 13th of January, 1827, being a daughter of John Smith, who was born in Franklin county, Pennsylvania, and who was numbered among the earliest settlers in Plain township. Stark county, where he passed the remainder of his life as a farmer, while his wife, who also died here, bore the maiden name of Mary Ilollinger and was likewise a native of Pennsylvania. They came to Stark county about the year 1808, and settled in Plain town- ship, where Mr. Smith reclaimed a good farm in the midst of the forest wilds, living to the age of sixty-eight years. His wife passed away on the nth of March, 1840, at the age of fifty-two years. They became the parents of seven children, namely : Daniel, Elizabeth, Margaret, Jacob, Mary, Delilah and John, and of these children two, Margaret and Delilah, are living at the time of this writing. After his marriage Charles Martin settled near Can- ton, where he engaged in farming in connec- tion with his trade, his place of operation being now within the city limits, and there he re- mained until March, 1871, when he removed to the present homestead farm, on section 27, IMain township, and there passed the rest of his life, his death occurring on the 27th of Febru- ary, 1899. He was a man of mature judgment and unremitting industry and thus became one of the prosperous farmers of this section, be- ing the owner of a valuable farm of seventy- 71 eight acres at the time of his death, and this property being still the residence of his widow. Mr. Martin was a Democrat in politics and his religious faith was that of the Church of God, of which he was a zealous and consistent mem- ber, his wife attending the German Reformed church of Canton. His probity and honor in all the relations of life were beyond question and in his death the community lost a good cit- izen and an honored pioneer. To Mr. and Mrs. Martin were born five children, namely : Mary C, who is the wife of Jefferson A. Houser, of Canton; George R., who died in Ca"nton township, when about twenty-three years of age; Edward, who died in Plain town- ship, when nearly twenty-two years of age; William H., who has charge of the homestead farm and is a resident of section 26, Plain township, and who is the subject of an indi- vidual sketch appearing on another page of this work ; and an infant, deceased. AARON J. STONER is a native of Ohio, born in Plain township, Stark county, and dates his birth from the 21st day of Sep- tember, 1856, being the son of John L. and Salome (Essig) Stoner, the father born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, the mother in the county of Stark. Jacob Stoner, the sub- ject's grandfather, was also a native of Penn- sylvania, but came to Stark county as early as 1834, settling m Plain township. When the late Rebellion broke out he tendered his sei-v- ices to the government and, although over sixty years old at the time, was accepted and proved a brave and fearless soldier. At the close of the war he returned to Stark county, but sub- sequently moved to Wardles, Ohio, where his death occurred some years ago at an advanced age. John L. Stoner learned the tanner's trade when a young man and followed the same a number of years. Later he operated a thresh- II38 OLD LANDMARKS ing machine and a stationary engine, in addi- tion to which he also carried on the pursuit of agricuUure, owning a farm of sixty acres in Plain township and two hundred and forty acres of fine land in the township of Jackson. He was a man of considerable local prominence, a Prolnbitionist in politics and was actively in- terested in every movement for the material, social and moral advancement of the com- munity in which he lived. His wife Salome was the daughter of Adam Essig, a prosperous citizen of St.irl-: county, and she became the mother of three children, two of whom are living — Aaron J., of this review, and Lenie, who resides in Plain township. Reared to agricultural pursuits, the early life of Aaron J. Stoner was devoted to farm labor and of winter seasons during his minority he attended the district schools of his native township, but did not receive as complete an education as he desired, his services being needed in carrying on the farm, much of the management of which fell to him when he be- came old enough to assume the responsibility. By taste and inclination he is a natural farmer and when the time came to make choice of a vocation he decided to follow tlicse tendencies and devote his life to the wholesome work of tilling the soil. In due time he became the owner of his own land and by well directed in- dustry, frugality and thrift succeeded in adding to his possessions at intervals until he now owns three hundred and forty-nine acres of valuable real estate in Stark county, nearly all improved and in a high state of cultivation. His home place in Jackson township, on which he has lived since 1875, is a model of neatness and successful tillage and from it alone he re- ceives an income sufficient to ])lnce him in inde- pendent circumstances. A considerable portion of Mr. Stoner's land is farmed by tenants and he hns been remarkably fortunate in their se- lection, receiving from his share of the proceeds a liberal return on the capital which such realty represents. Mr. Stoner has been a supporter of the Re- publican party ever since old enough to exer- cise the rights of citizenship, and at one time was nominated for the office of county treas- urer, but in the Democratic landslide of that year failed of election. He served a number of years on the local school board and for a period of nine years was a director of the Mutual In- surance Com])any of Stark County, which or- ganization profited greatly by his safe, conserv- ative course and wise business methods. On the 3d day of January, 1878, Mr. Stoner was united in marriage with Miss Susan Click, who was born in Jackson township, Stark county, December 2, 1855. Mrs. Stoner's parents were Samuel and Julia (Koontz) Click, natives of Ohio and Pennsylvania, respectively, the former a son of Samuel Click, who moved to Stark county in an early day from Pennsylvania and entered one hun- dred and sixty acres of land in the present township of Jackson. Mrs. Julia Click was the daughter of Henry Koontz, one of the early pioneers of Stark county, the family moving to this part of the state when the settlements were few and far Ijetween. ■ Mr. and Mrs. Stoner have three children — Emma, John and Cornin Robert. MARTIN J. HOGAN has the distinction of being superintendent of the great threshing machine and implement works of the C. Ault- man Company, one of the most extensive and important industrial concerns in the county and state. Mr. Hogan became a resident of Canton in the year 1875, coming here as a mechanic in the works of which he is now superintendent. He advanced through the various grades and departments of the concern until there came to him the appreciative recognition represented in CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1139 his present executive office, and his practical training and good judgment eminently qualify him for the duties devolving upon him, his se- lection for the office of superintendent having been made in December, 1894. Martin J. Hogan is a native of the old Empire state of the Union, having been born in Waterloo, Seneca county. New York, on the 22d of December, 1854, and having been there reared to years of maturity. His educational advantages were very limited, as the circum- stances of the family were such that he found it incumbent upon him to become a wage- earner when but thirteen years of age, when he entered upon an apprenticeship at the trade of machinist in a local shop. He became a good workman and continued to follow his trade at various points in the state of New York until 1875, when he came to Canton, as has already been noted. In New Brighton, Pennsylvania, on the 7th of August, 1879, Mr. Hogan was united in marriage to Miss Letitia VVhiteleather, of Os- naburg, this county, where she was born, being a daughter of Dr. Benjamin A. and Margaret (Criswell) VVhiteleather. Mr. and Mrs. Ho- gan are the parents of eight children, namely : Thaddeus (employed in the engineering de- partment of the Aultman shops), Ludwell, Russell Max, Paul, Martin, Robert and Luke. Patrick Hogan, father of the subject, was born in Ireland, whence he came to the United States as a young man, and lie died in Seneca county, New York, when Martin was but six months of age, his wife, whose maiden name was Mary Maloney, passing away a number of years later, leaving two sons — John and Mar- tin J. Mr. Hogan is not formally identified witli any religious body, but his family attend Trinity Lutheran church. In politics he is a stalwart supporter of the Democratic party, and fraternally is identified witli the Royal Ar- . canum and the Knights of Pythias. He has achieved success through his own efforts and his life has been one of consecutive endeavor, while at all times he has commanded the confi- dence and regard of those with whom he has come in contact. EDWIN CALERUINE is a native of the "right little, tight little isle" of England, hav- ing been born in Derbyshire, on the 6th of Sep- tember, 1847, •'^"tl lieing a son of Thomas and Sarah (Weston) Calerdine, of who.se .seven children four are living at the present time, namely : Thomas H., who is a resident of Cin- cinnati, this state; Edwin, who is the immediate subject of this sketch; Agnes, who is the wife of William Lyda, of Carroll county, Ohio ; and Rebecca, who is the wife of Dr. John M. Craw- ford, of Minerva, concerning whom individual mention is made on another page of this work. The father of our subject was born in Derby- shire, England, in the town of Pleanor, on the 2 1 St of August, 1807, and was there reared and educated and as a youth he there learned the trade of lacemaker, which he followed as a vocation until 1868, when he emigrated with his family to the United States, coming to Car- roll county, where he loaited on a farm, in company with his son John, who iiad pre- viously coine to this country and who is now deceased. There he continued to be actively engaged in agricultural pursuits for a number of years, after which he resided for a short in- terval in the village of East Rochester, that county, and since that time he has made his home witl: his daughter, Mrs. Crawford, in Minerva. He has attained the advanced age of ninety-five years and has been active to a re- markable degree, having given his attention to work in his garden, in which he has taken much pride, until the last summer, when he found the work too onerous, though he is still hale and vigorous for one of his patriarchal age. In politics he has ever given his support to the Re- publican party from the time when he became II40 OLD LANDMARKS a naturalized citizen and thus acquired the right of franchise, while he has been a devoted mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal church for a long term of years. His devoted and cherished wife entered into eternal rest a number of years ago. Edwin Calerdine, to whom this sketch is dedicated, was reared to maturity in his native land, wdiere he completed his early education in a boarding school in the town of Mackworth, Derbyshire. As a }-oung man he began a prac- tical apprenticeship at the dry goods business, becoming a clerk in the establishment of Thom- as Bunting, in the town of Heanor, England, A\'here he was employed about four and one- half years, remaining in England about two years after his parents had come to the United States, whither he followed them in 1869, and he forthwith came to Minerva, this county, where he became associated with his brother, Thomas H., in the wholesale lace business, to which they continued to devote their attention until the autumn of 1872, when the enterprise bad become one of such magnitude that it was found expedient to remove the headquarters to the city of Cincinnati, and there the business was conducted under the firm name of Caler- dine Brothers & Company until 1895, when our subject disposed of his interest in the same to his brother, who has since continued the enter- prise. Mr. Calerdine's object in thus selling his interest was that he might retire from so exacting and active business life, and he then returned to Minerva, where he effected the pur- chase of the dry goods business of T. F. Lentz & Son, together with the building in which the store is located. Two years later he admitted his son, Arthur E., to partnership, whereupon the present firm name was adopted, and they have since been associated in the conduct of the business, which is one of wide scope, trade be- ing derived from a wide radius of country nor- mally tributary to the town, while the stock of goods is exceptionally large and select for a village of the size. Fair and honorable busi- ness methods have been brought to bear in the ■ enterprise, and thus the firm commands the un- equivocal confidence and esteem of the com- munity and secures a representative patronage. In politics Mr. Calerdine gives a stanch alle- giance to the Republican party, and while he was engaged in' business in Cincinnati he was a member of the village council of Hartwell, the suburban town in which he maintained his home. Fraternally he is identified with Tubal Lodge No. 551, Free and Accepted Masons, of Minerva ; Alliance Chapter No. 83, Royal Arch Masons, and has advanced to high degree in tliis time-honored fraternity, having taken the thirty-second degree in the Scottish Rite. He is a member of Canton Commandery No. 38, Knights Templar; Emuth Grand Eodgeof Per- fection, in the same city; and Lake Erie Con- sistory of the Sublime Princes of the Royal Se- cret, Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite, in the city of Cleveland, w-here he also holds member- ship in Al Koran Temple of the Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. On the 2 1st of August, 1873, ^^- Caler- dine was united in marriage to Miss Laura Messemore, of Minerva, and they are the par- ents of two children — Arthur F., who is asso- ciated with his father in business, as already noted, and who married Miss Olive Conkle, of Minerva; and Ethel, who remains at the par- ental home. CLARENCE FRANK SCHILTZ, M. D., is of German descent. The first of the family to come to the United States was John ■ Schiltz, the Doctor's grandfather, who landed at New York city in the year 1834. Thence he proceeded to Ohio, where he worked for some time on the Ohio canal, later engaging in shoemaking at the town of New Berlin. He married in Canton Miss Apolonia Hufifman, a native of Germany, who came to America ■with ^ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1 141 her parents in 1S36 and settled in Stark county, Ohio. John Schiltz spent the remainder of his Hfe at New Berhn, dying there about the year 1869. Frank Schihz, son of John and Apolonia Schihz, was born in the aboA'C town January 31, 1 841, and is still an honored resident of the place. After obtaining the rudiments of an education in the village schools he took up the shoemaker's trade, in connection with which he also worked at intervals on the farm. At the breaking out of the Civil war he enlisted in Company A, Nineteenth Ohio Infantry, his captain bemg the late United States Senator Manderson, of Nebraska, and the colonel of the regiment Samuel Beatty, both of whom after- ward became distinguished for gallant service in defense of the national union. Air. Schiltz served in the Army of the Cumberland under General Thomas and took part in some of the most noted campaigns of the war, participat- ing in many of the bloodiest battles, in one of which he was wounded in the right lung by a minie ball, which still remains in his body. After lying in a hospital one month he re- joined his command at Nashville, thence pro- ceeded to Louisville and later to Camp Denison, from which place he was sent to a hospital at Cleveland for further treatment. After re- maining under the physician's care about four months he was again permitted to join his regi- ment and from that time until his discharge at Columbus, Ohio, in 1865, he saw much active service, including the battles at Chattanooga and other places, besides much hard marching, which tested the endurance of a soldier not en- tirely recovered from a gunshot wound that would have resulted in the death of the great majority of men. In the latter part of the war he was detailed as a sharpshooter and as such did effective service, being exceedingly skillful in using the rifle. Leaving the army, he re- turned to his home and shortly thereafter was iinited in marriage with Miss Mary Amanda Bitzer. of New Berlin. For several years he ran a meat market in that town, but later en- gaged in the live stock business, which he car- ried on for some time with successful results. He still lives in New Berlin, and is widely and favorably known throughout the county as a man of good business ability and sterling worth. Dr. Clarence F. Schiltz, son of Frank and Mary A. Schiltz, was born in New Berlin, Stark county, Ohio, on the 17th of February, 1877. After completing the common school course he engaged in teaching, which line of work he followed two years, and then began the study of medicine, a profession for which he had long manifested a decided preference. Entering the Ohio Medical University at Co- lumbus, he prosecuted his studies with great assiduity until his graduation in 1900 and for eighteen months thereafter he did hospital work in that city, thus becoming familiar with the practice as well as the theory of his chosen calling. Severing his connection with the hos- pital, Dr. Schiltz formed a partnership with Dr. Halleck, of Bowling Green, Ohio, the firm thus constituted lasting about six months, when it was dissolved by the subject withdrawing and locating at Canton. The Doctor opened an office here in December, 1901, and in due time established a remunerative practice, which has constantly increased until he is now in com- mand of as large a business as any of the younger physicians of the city. Dr. Schiltz has a strong analytical mind and his knowledge of the profession has been acquired by close, critical .study and painstaking investigation un- der the direction of some of the best medical talent of the day. Few physicians in the same length of time have accomplished as much as he and none of similar experience are better grounded in the science of medicine or have a more promising future. He holds membership with the Stark County Academy of Medicine, the Canton Medical Society, the Ohio State I 14: OLD LANDMARKS Medical Society; also the Wood County Medical Society, and as a man belongs to that entei-jM-ising class of citizens who, having the public interest always in view, exerts a marked influence on the commuiiity. In his fraternal relations he is a Mason, belonging to McKinley Lodge No. 431, and in matters religious is a member of the Trinity Reformed church of Canton. Believing that every true citizen should, to a certain extent, be a politician, he has ever manifested an active interest in politi- cal affairs, being a Republican in all the word implies, and always ready to maintain the soundness of the principles he upholds. In No- vember, 1902, he was elected coroner of Stark county on the Republican ticket for the term of two years. As a member of society the Doctor has the confidence and esteem of the community and possesses the rare faculty of winning and retaining warm personal friendship among those with whom he mingles. Dr. Schiltz is a married man, and has an attractive home. His wife was formerly Miss Isabeile VVilhams, of Mt. Gilead, Ohio, and it was in that city their nuptials were celebrated on the 1st day of June, 1901. They have one child, Dorothy, born December 2, 1902. HENRY E. SHERLOCK is a native of the Dominion of Canada, having been born in the beautiful city of Kingston, province of On- tario, on the iTth of November. 1864, and be- ing of stanch Irish extraction in the agnatic line and of Scotch in the maternal line. His father. John M. Sherlock, was born in the state of Massachusetts, where he was reared to maturity, there learning the trade of tailor, while for the major portion of his active career he was a prosperous merchant tailor, though for a time he was identified with maritime in- terests, sailing on the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence river. He died in Kingston. On- tario, in 1901, at the age of seventy-three years, having long maintained his home in that city, whither he removed from Massachusetts some years after his marriage. He was a son of Philip Sherlock, whose birth occurred in County Antrim, Ireland, whence he emigrated to America as a young man, taking up his abode in the city of Boston and passing the residue of his life in tiie Old Bay state. Eliza- beth A. (Robson) Sherlock, the mother of the subject, was born in Ogdensburg, St. Lawrence county. New York, and she died in Kingston, Ontario, in 1891, at the age of sixty-three years. In the family were five sons and two daughters, of whom three of the former are living at the present time. Henry E. Sherlock was reared to the age of twelve years in his native city, where he se- cured his preliminary educational discipline in the pulilic schools. At the age noted he went to New York city, where he made his home with his brother Philip until 1878, in the mean- while continuing his school work. He then returned to his home in Canada, and thereafter continued to reside in Kingston until 1881, when he joined his elder brother, William E., in Canton, where he likewise entered the em- ploy of C. M. Miller, who was then operating what was known as the Pioneer foundry, and here the subject learned the various details and processes of the foundry business. Later he was in the employ of the firm of Nobles & Sher- lock, successors to Mr. Miller, the junior mem- ber of the firm lacing our subject's brother, and upon the organization of the stock company and its incorporation under the title of the Nov- elty Iron Works, Henry E. Slierlock liccame identified with the same, having been chosen secretary and treasurer of the company in 1893, and having since been incumbent of this posi- tion, in which he has been indefatigable in pro- moting the upbuilding of the extensive enter- prise controlled. In his political adherency Mr. Sherlock is a stanch supporter of the princi- ples of the Republican party, and while ever CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1143 loyal to the duties of citizenship, he has never sought or desired official preferment of a pub- he nature. His religious views are in practical harmony with the teachings of the Methodist Episcopal church, in whose faith he was reared. Fraternally he holds affiliation with the Free- masons, the Independent Order of Odd Fel- lows and the Knights of Pythias, and he is well knovra and highly esteemed in both business and social circles in the city of his home. On the 1 2th of November, 1889, Mr. Sher- lock was united in marriage to Miss Gertrude A. Arment, who was born and reared in Stark- county, being a daughter of II. VV. Arment, a representative citizen of Canton, and a former official of the county. Mr. and Mrs. Sherlock have three children, namely: Helen G., Grace E. and Herbert A. JOSEPH MARCHAND, postmaster of the town named in honor of his family, and one 6f the leading citizens of Jackson township, is a native of Summit county, Ohio, and the son of Joseph and Catherine (Pierson) March- and, the father born in France, the mother in Stark county, Ohio. Frances Marchand, the subject's paternal grandfather, was born and reared in France, but in 1828 came to the United States and settled in Summit county, Ohio, where he lived until his removal to the county of Stark about the year 1835. His wife, whom he married in the old country, was Mary Friar. On coming to this county Mr. March- and purchased eighty acres of land in Jackson township, which was subsequently increased by a like area, and on this place was afterwards located the village of Marchand, so named in compliment to the family. Joseph Marchand, the subject's father, erected the first house on the town site arid shortly thereafter engaged in the grain business, also opened a sample room. In due time a postoffice was established and being in the midst of a fine agricultural dis- trict, the vdlage grew apace, finally becoming the chief trading point for a large area of ter- ritory. Mr. Marchand was the moving spirit of the place and did much to advertise its ad- vantages to the world. He was an enterprising business man, bought and shipped large quanti- ties of grain and gained much more than local repute in business circles throughout the county and in certain parts of the state. He died at a good old age, in 1889, being survived by his wife, who is now a remarkably well pVe- served woman of seventy-one years. Joseph and Catherine Marchand had a family of twelve children, one dying in infancy and one when three years old, while ten are still living. Joseph Marchand, Jr., whose name fur- nishes the caption of this article, was born October 31, 1850, in the county of Summit, and at the age of three years was brought by his parents to his present place of abode in Stark county. He received a good education in the public schools, but obtained his practical train- ing as his father's assistant in the grain busi- ness, subsequently, when a young man, engag- ing in the mercantile trade at Marchand upon his own responsibility. Mr. Marchand contin- ued the business for eleven consecutive years and was reasonably successful in a financial way, having gained a large and lucrative pat- ronage, which he held by honorable methods and fair dealing. In 1892 he was appointed by President Cleveland postmaster of Marchand and held the position four years, proving a most efficient and obliging public servant. He was reappointed in 1898, and is the present in- cumbent. Politically Mr. Marchand is a Dem- ocrat, and for a number of years past has been an influential factor in local aiYairs, as well as an active worker in state and national cam- paigns. He served the people of his town very acceptably as health officer and in other ca- pacities has proven himself a valuable adjunct to the community in promoting its material prosperity. 1 144 OLD LANDMARKS In Mardi, 1873, Mr. Marchand and Miss Catherine Kintzmann were united in the bonds of wedlock, the ceremony being solemnized ac- cording to the impressive ritual service of the Roman Catholic church, of which both are communicants. Mrs. Marchand is a native of New York and the daughter of Conrad and Adeline CUaker) Kintzmann, the father born in Clcrmany and the mother in the state of New York. These parents became residents of Stark county in 1858 and it w'as here that Mr. Kintzmann's death occurred in 1883. Mrs. Kintzmann is still living, having reached the age of seventy years, and of her eight children but one is deceased. 'I'lic marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Marcliand has l^een blessed with six chil- dren, whose names are as follows : Clementine C, Joseph J., Clara S., Oliver J., Arthur J. and I.eo C. As already stated, the subject and his good wife were l)orn and reared in the Catholic churcli and have ever remained loyal to its sub- lime precepts anrl time-honored traditions. They are respected Ijy a large circle of warm friends in the community and are deservedly popular wherever known. TIENRY H. SXVIM-:R comes of an old Pennsylvania family and traces his genealogy to an early pcrind in (Ik- (ild historic countv <')f Lancaster, where his ancestors settled many yeru's ago. Jacob .Snyder, his paternal grand- father, was born and reared in that countv and there nnn-jed Miss Margaret Swanger, whose antc'-cdciits were also amf)ng the early settlers of the Keystone state. ;\bout the year 1829 this coui)le disposed of their interests in Penn- sylvania and came to Stark county, Ohio, set- tling on the farm in Tuscarawus townshi]) which the subject now owns. Mr. Snyder was a farmer and as such met with reasonable suc- cess in the accumulation of material wealth, besides earning for himself an honoraljle name as a neighbor and enterprising public spirited man of affairs. In politics he was a Democrat of the most orthodo.x stamp and appears to have entertained strong and positive convic- tions, rot only on political matters but upon every subject to which he gave consideration. Me reared a family of eight chiklren, all now deceasefl, and, with his good wife, died a num- ber of years ago on the place lie settled when this part of the state was a new and compara- tively undeveloped country. Among the children of Jacob and Margaret Snyrler was an only son by the name of Sam- uel, whose birth occurred in Lancaster county, Penn.sylvania, October 12, 181 2. He spent the first seventeen years of his life in his native state and then accompanied his parents to Stark county, Ohio, where he was reared to manhood as a tiller of the soil, which vocation he ever afterwards follmved. When a young man he entered the marriage relation with Miss Mar;* I'retz, who was also born in tiie county of ]^ancaster, and by her became the father of sev- en children, of whom John, Elias and Henry 1 f. grew to maturity, the others dying in early childhood. Samuel Snyder was for many years a successful agricultin-isl and well-known cit- izen cjf 'f'uscarawas township and took an act- ive interest in the growth and develo]Mnent of the community in which he lived. Reared a Democral, he always remained loyal Xn his party, but aside from such minor jjositions as school director he ne\'er held nor sought public office, being content to s])end his life as an hon- est, industrious husbandman and to be known merely as a ])rivate citizen. He was a man of substantial worth, possessed the confidence of the people with whom he mingled and his death, which occurred about the year 1883, was dee])ly deplored not only by his friends and neiglibors but by tlic ]ico])le f)f Tuscarawas townslii]) in general. Henry TI. Snyder was born ni Tuscarawas township, Stark county, Ohio, October 22, 1 85 1. Blessed with sound bod.v and strong HENRY H. SNYDER. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. II4S mental powers, he grew up on the farm a fine specimen of well developed American boyhood and from his excellent parents early received the bent of mind which shaped for good his subsequent course of life. In the winter months he pursued his studies in the district schools and the rest of the year assisted his father with the labors of the farm, becoming while still a youth quite an adept in the use of all kinds of agricultural implements. Reared to this kind of labor, he very naturally turned his at- tention when a young man to farming and from that time to the present he has followed his chosen calling in the township of his birth, being now the owner of the old homestead, on which both his father and grandfather lived in days gone by. This place, consisting of eighty acres, is highly cultivated and with its sub- stantial Iniildings and other evidences of pros- perity attests the well-directed efforts and ex- cellent management with which its enterpris- ing owner has ever prosecuted the labor of his bands. He follows general farming, raises considerable live stock, and everything to which he devotes his attention appears to re- sult greatly to his pecuniar}- profit. In his political affiliations Mr. Snyder is de- cidedly a Democrat and since his twenty-first year has been an earnest worker for the party and an influential factor in local affairs. Not- Avithstanding the fact that Tuscarawas town- ship has long been reliably Republican by a large majority, he has been several times elected to the office of trustee, which position he now holds and in the discharge of the duties of which he has demonstrated ability and devo- tion to the public welfare that have won him the unliounded confidence of the people whom he served. His last election was by one of the largest votes ever given a candidate in this part of the county and the safe, conservative and straightforward business manner with which he has looked after the people's interest shows him a man of much more than ordinarv wisdom and judgment whose highest aim has ever been to do his duty well and faithfully and pro\e himself worthy of the esteem in which he is held by his fellow citizens. On the 31st day of October, 1878, Mr. .Snyder was happily married to Miss Martha J. Besh, daughter of Jacob and Lavina Besh, of Stark county, the union resulting in the birth of two children, Ida May and Grace E. Mr. Snyder and family belong to the Reformed church and for many years past he has held various ofircial positions in the local congrega- tion with which he is identified, being one of the elders at the present time, a station second in importance to that of the ministry. SAMUEL M. ANDERSON is a native of the old Keystone state, having been born in Butler county, Pennsylvania, on the 8th of Sep- tember, 1865, and he was reared to manhood in Leechburg, Armstrong county, that state, while his educational training was received in the public schools, his studies being prosecuted during the winter terms from the time he was about fourteen years of age, while he worked during the summer seasons. In Leechburg he learned the trade of steel treating, and there he contiiuied to reside until 1893, when he came to Canton, v.-here he secured employment in the Canton rolling mill, in which he followed his trade until July, 1901, while in February of the following year he was chosen to his present position, since which time he has devoted his attention entirely to the duties devolving upon him as secretary of the Ohio Mica Company. In politics he exercises his franchise in support of the principles and policies of the Republican party and his religious faith is that of the L^'riited Presbyterian church, while fraternally he is a member of Canton Lodge No. 60, Free and Accepted ]\Iasons. Samuel B. Anderson, father of the sub- ject, was a native of Pennsjdvania, where he 1 146 OLD LANDMARKS passed his entire life, having been engaged in farming until his removal to Leechburg, after which he was engaged in general work until his death, which occurred in the year 1881. His wife, whose maiden name was Sarah Hoover, was born near historic old Valley Forge, whence her parents removed to western Pennsylvania when she was a child. She died in Canton October i, 1901, being survived by seven children. Thomas Anderson, grand- father of the subject, was born in Scotland, and his wife was a native of Ireland. Upon coming to the United States they located in Pennsyl- vania, both having died in Clyde, Indiana county, that state. In the city of Canton, on the 3d of Febru- ary, 1896, Mr. Anderson was united in mar- riage to Miss Bertha Glenn, who was born here, being a daughter of James and Ann Glenn. The subject and his wife have two daughters and one son — Ruth, May and Thomas. J. J. ZUMBER, the present efficient trustee of Jackson township, and one of the popular men of the thriving little town in which he re- sides, is a native of Stark county, Ohio, born on the 5th day of February, 1858. The Zum- ber family had its origin in Germany, but of its early history but little is known save that the name has always been a worthy one, and those bearing it have done nothing to impair its luster or bring it into discredit. Andrew and Tracy Zumber, the subject's parents, were born and reared in Germany, but about the year 1850 bade farewell to the fatherland and came to the United States, settling in Stark county, Ohio, where the father's death occurred in 1 866 and the mother's four years later. For some years after locating in this county An- drew Zumber was engaged in the manufacture of lime and it was while attending to one of his kilns that he accidentally lost his life in the year referred to above. To Andrew and Tracy Zumber seven children were born, of whom four are living, the subject of this review being the oldest of the family. J. J. Zumber was reared to manhood in the county of his birth and until twenty-two years of age worked on a farm, meanwhile during his minority attending the public schools and acquiring a good practical education. Becom- ing dissatisfied with agriculture or rather the way he was obliged to pursue it, he gave up farming and for three years thereafter was em- ployed in a steel mill at Canton, during which time he became not only a capable but a very skillful workman. Severing his connection with this establishment, he returned to Jackson township and began the manufacture of lumber, which line of business he carried on for some time, also devoted his attention at the proper seasons to cider making, from which he realized considerable profit. In the year 1898 Mr. Zum- ber opened a sample room in the village of Marchand and to this he has since given his attention, his place being an orderly and favor- ite resort, entirely free from the objectionable features which often bring the friendly social glass into disrepute. Mr. Zumber, on the 8th day of November, 18S3, was united in marriage with Miss Louise Marchand, daughter of Joseph Marchand, the founder of the town, and for a number of years its most prominent business man. To Mr. and Mrs. Zumber have been born three children, one of whom, Charlotte, is not living; the other two are Flora and Olive, both bright and inter- esting young ladies, in whom their parents have centered many fond hopes for the future. In his political afifiliations the subject is an ardent Democrat and as such has contributed not a little to his party's success in this county, being a safe and reliable adviser, as well as an active Avorker in the ranks and a trusted leader in local affairs. In recognition of valuable serv- ices rendered the party, as well as by reason of CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1 147 of his eminent fitness for the position, he was elected m 1898 trustee of Jackson township, which ofiice he has filled in an able and satis- factory manner to the present time, being now on his fifth year of service. GEORGE E. McDonald.— In the ag- natic line Mr. McDonald comes of stanch o-ld Scottish lineage, while on the maternal side the ancestry is of Scotch-Irish extraction, and in him abound those sterling attributes of charac- ter which such genealogy implies. He is a na- tive son of the Buckeye state, having been born in the village of Wellsville, Columbiana county, Ohio, on the 2d of November, 1849, and having been reared to the sturdy and invig- orating discipline of the farm. To his parents, John C. and Nancy P. (Douglas) McDonald, five children were born. He is the eldest of the surviving children, and the other three are as follows : Patterson, who is a resident of the city of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania ; Elizabeth, who is the wife of Morris Taylor, of East Rochester, Columbiana county ; and John, who is likewise a resident of that place. The father of our subject was born in Scotland in the year 1820, and as a lad of ten years he came to America with his parents, who located in Canada, where he was reared to maturity and where he learned tlie trade of ship carpenter, to which he there devoted his attention until 1840, when he came to the United States and located in Wellsville, this state, where he be- came superintendent of a boat-building com- pany and also had charge of an extensive saw- milling business, in which connection he fur- nished much of the sawed lumber utilized in the building of the Cleveland & Pittsburg Rail- road. About 1857 he purchased a farm near Wellsville and there he continued to reside un- til 1861, when he removed to a farm near East Rochester, where he continued to be actively engaged in agricultural pursuits until 1894, when he retired from active life and took up his residence in the village mentioned, where he has since made his home. About fifteen years ago he lost the sight of one of his eyes and in December, 1901, the sight of the other eye failed and he is now totally blind, but is resigned to the affliction which so shadows his declining years. He is a stanch Republican in his political proclivities and his religious faith is that of the Presbyterian church, in which he has served as elder for nearly two score years, being a man of the most inflexible integrity and one who has ever held the high regard of his fellow men. His devoted and cherished wife was born in Madison township, Columbiana county, Ohio, of Scotch-Irish par- entage, and she is still livmg in her seventy- seventh year, being likewise a devoted member of the Presbyterian church, in whose work she took an active part for many years. George E. McDonald, the immediate sub- ject of this review, was reared on the home farm, and, being the eldest child, he early began to devote the major portion of his time to as- sisting in the work of the homestead, so that his educational opportunities were somewhat curtailed, though in the district schools he laid the foundation for that broad and practical fund of knowledge which he has since gained in the valuable school of experience and by personal application. He continued to remain on the home farm until he had attained the age of twenty-four years, when he purchased eighty acres of land from his father and began his independent business career. He continued to follow agricultural pursuits on this farm about eight years, and then, after the death of his wife, sold the farm and came to Minerva, Stark county, where he established himself in the shoe business, in which he was successfully engaged for a period of fourteen years. He disposed of the business in 1896. In 1898 Mr. McDonald was appointed postmaster of Mi- nerva and since that time has continued incum- an.l survi\ing her by more than a score of years and passing away on the 5th of Febru- ary, 1889. He was originally a Whig in poli- tics, but later espoused the cause of the Repub- lican party, at the time of its inception, and thereafter he continued an ardent advocate of its principles, while he was a man of inflexible integrity and ever loyal and sincere in all the relations of life. William O. Werntz, the immediate subject of this review, received his educational disci- pline in the public schools and at an early age 1 152 OLD LANDMARKS. became a teacher in the schools of this county, devoting his attention to this profession for a period of nine years, while he was later super- intendent of the Osnaburg schools, being in- cumbent of this position until 1891, when he came to Canton and began reading law in the office of the firm of Clark & Ambler, later being matriculated in the Cincinnati Law School, in which he was graduated as a member of the class of 3893 and coming forth well equipped for the active work of his chosen profession, as he had been a close and appreciative stude:it and become thoroughly informed in the mi- nutiffi of the law, while his active career at the bar has demonstrated his facility in the appli- cation of his knowledge, and he has gained a high reputation as an able advocate and coun- selor. Mr. Werntz was admitted to the bar of Stark county on the ist of June, 1893, ^"^ forthwith established himself in practice in the city of Canton, where his novitiate was of brief duration, recognition of his ability and devotion to his profession soon being shown, so that he lias gained an excellent clientage of representa- tive character, his practice being of a general character. In politics, while never an aspirant for office, Mr. Werntz has given a stanch alle- giance to the Republican party and has been an active worker in its cause in a local way, and he holds membership in the Koontz Memorial church in Canton. Fraternally he is identified with tlie Independent Order of Odd Fellows. In his native town of Osnaburg in 1886, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Werntz to Miss Sally H. Sausser, a well known resi- dent, who died in 1893. Mr. and Mrs. Werntz have one daughter, Georgia Lucille. J. R. LAWRENCE.— The fatherland is worthily represented Ijy the gentleman whose name appears at the head of this biographical review. Although of foreign birth he is thor- oughly American in all his tastes anad tenden- cies and retains but a faint remembrance of his native heath, having been brought to the Uni- ted States when about three years of age. J. R. Lawrence was born in Berlin, Germany, in the year 1841 and is one of two children whose parents were Philip and Catherine (Hartz) Lawrence. Philip Lawrence and family left their native land about the year 1844 a^nd com- ing to the United States settled in Stark coun- ty, Ohio, where he spent the remainder of his life as an industrious and fairly successful tiller of the soil. Of the Lawrence family the subject of this review is the only living representative. He was reared on the home farm in Stark county, received his education in the common schools and when old enough to chose a vocation of his own selected agriculture as the one best suited to his tastes and inclinations. Mr. Lawrence was a young man of aljout twenty when the great Civil war broke out and feeling it his duty to aid the government in its extremity, he enlisted in 1862 in Company A, One Hun- dred and Fourth Ohio Infantry, with which he served with an honorable record for a period of three years. He bore his full share of the hardships and dangers through which his com- mand passed, took part in a number of hard- fought battles, including the various engage- ments of the Atlanta campaign, and had the honor of accompanying General Sherman on the celebrated march to the sea, serving a part of the time as a member of the One Hundred and Fourth United States Band. Returning home after the cessation of hostilities, Mr. Lawrence resumed the pursuit of agriculture, which he has since carried on with a large measure of success, achieving honorable repute as an intelligent and progressive farmer and acquiring a fortune of sufficient magnitude to place him in independent circumstances. Mr. Lawrence's place, which consists of one hundred and seventy acres of fertile land, is admirably situated for agriculture and live MR. AND MRS. J. R. LAWRENCBI CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 1153 stock purposes and he has spared no pains nor expense in bringing it to the advanced state of cultivation for Avhicli it has long been noted. He is a scientific farmer, making a careful study of the nature of soils and their adapta- bility to the different crops raised, and he has always reaped abundantly from the time and labor expended upon his fields. By fertiliza- tion and judicious rotation of crops he has not only retained the original fertility of his land but greatly enhanced its productiveness and through the instrumentality of modern meth- ods his income has steadily increased with each recurring year. It is not assuming too much to claim for Mr. Lawrence distinctive prec- edence as a breeder and raiser of fine live stock, a business to wliich he has devoted especial attention for over thirty years. He is among the leading stock men of Stark county and perhaps is without a superior in the state as a judge of the merits of high-grade animals Such as he raises. In cattle his special breed is the shorthorns, of which he now has quite a large herd of very valuable animals, among the numljer being a fine heifer recently im- ported from Scotland, for which he paid the sum of five hundred dollars. Mr. Lawrence has been the means of introducing a superior breed of live stock among the farmers of his section and is entitled to great credit for his activity in this important branch of industry. Not only has he tal-:en an active interest in raising cattle, but as a breeder of fine Percheron horses he has long enjoyed much more than local reputation. He has made a careful study of this particular breed and wherever his ani- mals have been exhibited they have invariably taken high honors. Their superiority over oth- er breeds has been so apparent as to create a great demand for them, in consequence of which Mr. Lawrence has never experienced any difficulty in disposing of his horses at fancy prices. Indeed the greater part of his income is derived from the sale of live stock, his cattle 72 and horses alone having been the means of ac- cumulating a fortune of such proportions as to wm him a place among the wealthy and en- terprising farmers of Stark county. Mr. Lawrence has long maintained a lively interest in advanced agricultural methods and to this end has taken an active part in agri- cultural societies, doing all within his power to promote their efficiency ag a means of improv- ing the farmer's condition, materially, socially and morally. Believing farming to be one of the noblest as well as one of the most useful of vocations, he has by his influence and co-oper- ation done as much as any other man in the community to foster high ideals among the tillers of the soil and inspire them with a proper conception of the dignity of their calling. He has always stood for progress and, being a man of broad ideas and enterprising spirit, it is but natural that he should become the leader that he is in all that relates to modern improve- ments and advanced thought in agriculture. For a number of years he has been a member of the county agricultural board and by reason of his peculiar fitness for the position, he is invariably put in charge of the live stock de- partment when the society holds its meetings. ■ In his political affiliations Mr. Lawrence was originally a decided Republican and for years was an active worker in his party. He defended his opinions intelligently and earnest- ly and during the progress of campaigns ren- dered valuable service to the ticket, both as a, judicious counsellor and an active worker. Re- cently, however, he has refused to be bound by party ties, and is now what may be termed an independent. He is also a strong, uncompro- mising advocate of temperance reform aiid does all within his power to check the liquor traff.c, which he justly considers the crying evil of the day. In matters religious Mr. Lawrence claims the right of private judgment and is liberal in all the term implies. While not denying the 1154 OLD LANDMARKS wholesome moral influence of the church as a factor in civilization, he has never seen fit to accept its doctrines and dogmas and he reads and criticizes the Scriptures as he would any other literary production. His moral code in- cludes the axiom "Do all the good you can in this world and live so as to merit the approval of your conscience and the commendation of your fellow man," a most excellent and time- honored rule of life. As a citizen Mr. Law- rence keeps fully abreast the times and dis- charges his duties as becomes a true lover of his country and his kind. Mr. Lawrence was married, in the year 1866, to Miss Elizabeth Eschleman, of Stark county, who has borne him eleven children, namely : Lamamora; Abraham L. ; Elsie, wife of Harley Foust: Eva; Ohio; Cora, wife of Ed McFadin ; Chauncey, Jessie, Nettie, Portia and Columbus L JAY M. COCiAN was born on the old homestead farm, in Bethlehem township, this county, on the 7th of February, 1865, being a son of Loomis and Leah (Young) Cogan, the former of whom was born in Pike township, this county, in 1837, while the latter was born in Bethlehem township in 1840. The father of the subject was reared under the scenes and influences of the pioneer epoch and has con- secutively devoted his attention to agricultural pursuits from his youth up. He and his wife now reside on their fine farm in Bethlehem township and are numbered among the honored pioneer citizens of the county. Joseph and Sarah Cogan, the paternal grandparents of the subject, came from Pennsylvania to Stark county in the pioneer days, locating in Pike township, where they continued to reside until called upon to answer the inexorable summons of death. William Young, the maternal grand- father, came to this county at the time when this section was practically represented by a sylvan wilderness, and here he continued to be identified with the great basic art of agriculture until his demise. Several of his sons sdrved with distinction in the war of the Rebellion, and the name is an honored one in this section of the state. Jay M. Cogan was reared on the home farm and after availing himself of such advantages as were afforded in the district schools he be- came a student in the normal school, where he so thoroughly applied himself as to become eli- gible for pedagogic honors, having been a suc- cessful teacher in the public schools of the county for a period of five years, three of which were given to such work in the village of Na- varre. In 1885 Mr. Cogan came to Canton and entered the law office of John C. Welty, under whose able direction he continued his technical reading and study until 1888, when, upon ex- amination, he was duly admitted to the bar of the state. Thereafter he was associated in the active practice of his profession with his pre- ceptor for a period of two years, at the expira- tion of which, in 1890, a distinctive recognition of his professional ability and acumen was given in his appointment to a position in the legal department of the C. Aultman Company, manufacturers of agricultural machinery, and in this department he made his services of such value to the company that he was made head of said department in 1897, retaining this in- cumbency until 1901, when he was advanced to his present office of secretary of the com- pany, having, as a matter of course, the most important administrative and executive duties in his charge, while he has proved in his course the wisdom of the choice which gave him this important preferment. Ever true to the duties of citizenship, and taking a deep interest in all that conserves the welfare of his native county and home city, Mr. Cogan has never sought official preferment, and while he gives his sup- port to the Democratic party in state and na- tional affairs, he is liberal in local matters and CANTON AND STARK COUNTY; OHIO. 1155 is not constrained by strict partisan lines. He has been specially prominent and active in the work of the Fn-st United Brethren church, of which he is a trustee at the present time, as was he also when the organization was but a small mission, with its place of worship in an unpre- tentious building on Charles street. He was largely instrumental in securing the erection of the present fine church edifice at the corner of Tenth street and South Cleveland avenue, and has never abated his zeal in the work of the church. Mrs. Cogan is likewise a devoted mem- ber of this church and in full sympathy and accord with her husband. In 1887 Mr. Cogan was united in marriage to Miss Loretta M. Williams, daughter of Wil- liam B. Williams, of Canton, in which city she was reared and educated, and of this union have been born two children — Ruth and Ralph War- ren. GEORGE C. WOODS, D. D. S., is a na- tive of Carroll county, Ohio, where he was born on the 5th of December, 1872, being a son of Isaac B. and Sarah J. (Masters) Woods, of whose ten children the eight surviving are as follows : Mary C, who is the wife of H. E. Tressler, of Canton, Sark county; Ada F., who is the wife of D. G. Orin, ex-superintendent of the public schools of Akron, Ohio, where they still reside; George C, the immediate subject of this sketch, and Elva L., Emma J., L. Pearl, James B. and Verne M., who still remain at the parental home. The father of the Doctor is likewise a native of Carroll county, where he was borri in the year 1840, being a son of George and Catherine (Bardoll) Woods, who were numbered among the honored pioneers of the county. Isaac B. Woods was reared on the old homestead farm and after attending the district schools became a student in the nor- mal school at Malvern, Carroll county, while later he continued his educational discipline in Harlem Springs College, in the town of the same name, also in Carroll county. After his marriage he purchased eighty acres of land in Harrison township, that county, buying the property of his wife's uncle, Cornelius Baxter, in. whose home she had been reared, her father having died when she was a child. On this farm they have ever since maintained their home, the area of the homestead having later been augmented by the purchase of an adjoin- ing tract of about sixty acres, while the place is one of the model farms of the county, having the best of improvements and being maintained under a high state of cultivation. Mr. Woods also purchased the old Woods homestead from the other heirs, and of this property he retained possession until the spring of 1902, when he sold the property. He has been a leader in the local ranks of the Republican party, in whose cause he has ever taken an active and intelli- gent interest. He has served as a member of the county central committee of his party and has been otherwise prominent in its work, while he has been called upon to serve in various local offices of trust and responsibility, including that of county commissioner, of which he was in- cumbent for seven }"ears. In his younger days he was for several years a successful teacher in the public schools. Isaac B. Woods also has the distinction of being an honored veteran of the war of the Re- bellion. He was among the early volunteers from Carroll county, having enlisted in 1861 as a private in Company A, Eightieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with which he was in active service for three years, within which period he was a participant in a number of the most important and sanguinary battles inci- dental to that great internecine conflict, includ- ing the following engagements : Shiloh, Cor- inth, Pittsburg Landing, Lookout Mountain, Missionary Ridge and the entire Atlanta cam- paign, culminating in the famous battle at that point, being discharged just prior to the time II56 OLD LANDMARKS when Sherman started forth on his ever mem- orable march "from Atlanta to the sea." Fra- ternally he is identified with the Masonic order, in which he has attained the Knight Templar degree, being a member of the commandery at Canton. Dr. George C. Woods, the immediate sub- ject of this review, was reared on the home- stead farm and secured his early educational discipline in the public schools, while it is evi- dent that he made effective use of the oppor- tunities thus afforded, since for four years he was a successful and popular teacher in the dis- trict schools of this section. In 1897 he was matriculated in the dental department of the Ohio Medical University at Columbus, where he completed the prescribed course and was duly graduated in the spring of 1900, receiving the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery, and being well equipped for the work of his chosen profession, while he had further fortified him- self in the line by working in the office of Dr. Stonebrook, a prominent dentist of Waynes- burg, Stark county, during his college vaca- tions. In the spring of 1901 Dr. Woods lo- cated in Magnolia, where he opened a well equipped and attractive office, and within the comparatively brief period of his residence here he has built up a remunerative practice, his clientage being of distinctively representa- tive order. The Doctor is stanchly arrayed as a supporter of the Republican party and fra- ternally is identified with the Knights of the Maccabees, holding membership in Waynes- burg Tent No. 29, at Waynesburg. He is a young man of ambition and progressive ideas, a close student of his profession and one whose further precedence is assured. WILLIAM E. SHERLOCK belongs to that loyal class of American citizens who, while gaining individual success, also promote the public prosperity, and he has conferred honor and dignity on the city of his home not less by his well ordered business enterprises than by his upright personal career. The Novelty Iron Works, of which Mr. Sherlock is president, were originally owned by P. P. Bush, who was succeeded by the firm of Nobles & Sherlock, of which the junior member was he whose name appears above, while they had initiated their operations in a small foundry in Eighth street, where they conducted business until 1885, when they purchased the plant of the Novelty Iron Works from Mr. Bush and continued to be associated in the operation of the same until the death of Mr. Nobles in 1889. Mr. Sher- lock then purchased the interest of his honored and deceased partner and later Charles Elmer and H. E. Sherlock were admitted to partner- ship, and the enterprise was thereafter con- ducted under the firm name of Sherlock, Elmer & Sherlock until the death of Mr. Elmer, which occurred in 1895. In the meanwhile the tract occupied previously by the lumber yards of James WeaA'er & Company had been purchased by the firm, whose plant was extended to cover the entire tract, thus utilizing about two acres of ground, located on Tuscarawas, Seventh and Eighth streets. Still later the site occupied by the Campbell Lumber Company was also se- cured and the fine plant still farther enlarged, so that its buildings and grounds now occupy about four and a half acres, while the structures are of substantial order and well designed for the uses to which they are applied, each depart-, ment of the works being equipped with the best mechanical devices and accessories, while its operations are assigned to competent arti- sans in the various lines. In 1892, owing to the expansion of the business and the imperative demand for broader executive and capitalistic reinforcement, it was found expedient to or- ganize a stock company, and this was effected by the incorporation of the Novelty Iron Com- pany under the laws of the state of West Vir- ginia, while later articles of incorporation were CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. "57 also secured under the laws of Ohio. The pres- ent executive corps of the company is as fol- lows : William E. Sherlock, president; D. R. McCallum, vice-president ; and Henry E. Sher- lock, secretary and treasurer. The plant of the company was destroyed by fire in March, 1902, but was immediately rebuilt, with better build- ings and the finest modern equipments through- out. The company manufactures under the trade-mark name of "Our Own," the finest type of boilers for hot water heating and for steam motive purposes, and the annual output is a large one aqd is constantly increasing, while the products of the concern are sold in the most diverse sections of the Union. The company maintains branch establishments in New York city, Philadelphia, Washington, Chicago, Mil- waukee, St. Louis and San Francisco, which fact indicates to how thorough an extent the national trade territory is covered. The presi- dent of the company came to Canton in 1879 and entered the employ of C. M. Miller, pro- prietor of the Pioneer foundry, and he re- mained with this concern until he started in business on his own responsibility, while it may properly be said that he is the architect of his own fortune, his advancement having been the result of technical and business ability and the consecutive application of his energies to a defi- nite purpose. William E. Sherlock was born in a suburb -of the city of Boston, Massachusetts, on the 31st of October, 1851, being a son of John M. and Elizabeth A. (Robson) Sherlock, the for- mer of whom was born in the Old Bay state, while the latter was a na'tive of Ogdensburg, St. Lawrence county. New York. The father of our subject was a merchant tailor by voca- tion, and for a time was identified with naviga- tion interests on the Great Lakes. He died in Kingston, Ontario, Canada, in 1901, having at- tained the age of seventy-three years, his wife having been summoned into eternal rest in the ^ame city in 1891, at which time she was sixty- three years of age. They became the parents of seven children, of whom three are living at the present time. Philip Sherlock, the grand- father of the subject, was born in County An- trim, Ireland, whence he came to the United States in his early manhood, locating in the city of Boston, Massachusetts, and passing the residue of his life in that state. When William E. Sherlock was a child his parents removed from Massachusetts to Kings- ton, Ontario, where he was reared to maturity, having the advantages afforded by the excel- lent public schools of that attractive Canadian city, where also he learned in his youth the trade of molder. Later he was employed as a journeyman in various portions of the United States. At the time of attaining his legal ma- jority he was residing in Shortsville, Ontario county. New York. On the 29th of January, 1884, in Kingston, Canada, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Sherlock to Miss Mabel C. Barrie, daughter of Robert and Fannie Barrie, of that city, the family being of Scottish line- age, and they became the parents of six chil- dren, all of whom are living except Elizabeth A., who died at the age of one week. The others are as follows : William E., Jr. ; Jes- sie E., Fannie M., Robert E. and Phyllis L. In politics Mr. Sherlock gives his allegiance to the Republican party, and fraternally he is identified with the Masonic order and the Inde- pendent Order of Odd Fellows. ELLIOTT M. JEROME is a native son of the Buckeye slate, having been born in Car- roll county, Ohio, on the 9th of November, 1S50, and being a son of James and Isabelle (Elliott) Jerome, of whose six children he is one of the two survivors, his brother John being a representative member of the bar of Stark county, and retaining his residence in the town of Minerva. The father of the sub- ject was born in Bethany, West Virginia, in II58 OLD LANDMARKS the year i8ig, his father, who was of Frencl^. lineage, having removed to that place from the eastern part of the state of Maryland, where the original American progenitor took up his abode in the colonial epoch of our national his- tory, having emigrated hither from France and having undoubtedly been one of the Huguenots who fled their native land to escape the perse- cutions incidental to the revocation of the edict of Nantes. James Jerome was reared to ma- turity in West Virginia, where he learned the carpenter's trade, and as a young man he went to Washington county, Pennsylvania, where he was married, and where he remained until about 1845, when he came to Carroll county, Ohio, where he purchased a i'arm of one hundred and sixty acres, al)out six miles east of the village of Minerva, Stark county, and there he contin- ued to be actively engaged in agricultural pur- suits until .'865, when he sold his farm and took up his residence in Minerva. In 1872 he was appointed postmaster of the village, of which office he continued incumbent for the long period of twelve years, under the adminis- trations of Presidents Grant, Hayes and Gar- field. During a portion of this time he also acted as mayor of the town, and later was again elected to this cliief administrative office, in which he served for a total of sixteen years, a circumstance whose significance is at once evident, as showing the high esteem in which he was held in the comnuinity, and also indi- cating his di.stinctive executive ability, since his administrations were models of wise policy and proper economy. lie was a stanch Republican in his political proclivities, and locally took an active part in furthering its cause. While re- siding on his farm in Carroll county he served for many years as justice of the peace. He was a worthy member of the Presbyterian church, in which he was a zealous worker, hav- ing held various official positions in the same. For a full lialf century prior to his death he. •was an apprei ••^'■'ve and honored member of the Masonic fraternity. He died in February, 1902, in the fullness of years and well earned honors. His wife preceded him into eternal rest, her death having occurred in December, 1898. Siie was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, in 1823, being a daughter of George Elliott, who was of Scotch-Irish ex- traction, and who emigrated to the United States from the north of Ireland. Elliott M. Jerome was reared on the old homestead farm in Carroll county, and was educated in the public schools of the county,, and at the college at Harlem Springs, Ohio. In 1867 he entered the employ of the Pennsyl- vania Railroad Company, in whose service he continued, in the capacity of station agent, and for a portion of the time as telegraph operator, for the long period of sixteen years, during the greater portion of wdiich he was station agent here in Minerva. In 1883 Mr. Jerome ac- cepted a position with the Union Express Com- pany, becoming its agent in the city of Akron, this state, where he remained two years. In 1886 he returned to Minerva, and here again, served as station agent for the Pennsylvania Railroad until 1893, when he resigned his posi- tion to accept that of cashier of the Bank of Minerva Company, which incumbency he has. ever since retained, wdiile through his able and discriminatng methods as an executive and financier the success of the bank has been ma- terially advanced, and it is known as one of the solid financial institutions of this section of the state, the deposits having^ increased in the past four years from one hundred and nine thousand dollars to three hundred and twenty- five thousand. Mr. Jerome has ever been stanchly arrayed in support of the Republican party, and he has been called upon to serve in offices of local trust and responsibility. For ten years he was a member of the town coun- cil of Minerva, while for four years he was- incumbent of the office of township treasurer of Paris township, a fact that indicates his per- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 1159 sonal popularity and the coufulence reposed in him by the people of the community, since the pohtical complexion of the township is strongly Democratic. He and his wife are members of the Presbyterian church, and he is a member of its board of trustees. Fraternally he is identified with Tubal Lodge No. 551, Free and Accepted Masons, of Minerva ; Alliance Chap- ter No. 83, Royal Arch Masons, of .Alliance; Canton Commandery No. 38, Knights Tem- plar; Grand Lodge of Perfection No. 14, An- cient Accepted Scottish Rite, of Canton; and Al Koran Temple of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, in the city of Cleveland. He takes a deep interest in the noble and time-honored fra- ternity, and has held various offices in the dif- ferent bodies with which he is affiliated. He is also a member of Minerva Lodge No. 122, Knights of Pythias. On the 2ist of March, 1873, Mr. Jerome was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Clem- ans, who was born in Paris township. Stark county, being a daughter of the late Abram Clemans, who was one of the influential far- mers of this section, and who passed his de- clining years in Minerva. To Mr. and Mrs. Jerome have been born five children, of whom four survive, namely : Percy, who is employed in the office of the secretary of the Young Men's Christian .Association in New York city, was graduated, in the s])ring of 189S, in the Springfield Training School, at Springfield, Massachusetts, and soon afterward accepted his present position ; James, who is a civil en- gineer by profession ; Bessie, who remains at the parental home, was graduated in the New England Conservatory of Music, in the city of Boston, and is an accomplished musician ; and Helen, who received instruction in vocal music under an eminent private tutor in New York city, has Ijeen for a number of years, with her sister Bessie, engaged in the Presbyterian church in Minerva, having a voice of particu- larly fine timbre and fine cultivation. THOMAS J. TAYLOR.— The name of the Diebold Safe & Lock Company is a familiar one throughout the length and breadth of the Union, and its products are to be found not only in the most diverse sections of this coun- try but also in the majority of foreign lands, and through the magnificent enterprise of this concern the name of Canton has also been given still further celebrity, for here are lo- cated the great manufacturing works of this company. It is our privilege at this time to take briefly under review the career of the su- perintendent of this corporation's works, wliile he has been advanced to this office within but little more than a decade's association with the concern, which fact ofters the best evidence of h's ability and of the appreciative estimate placed upon the same and upon his services. Mr. Taylor arrived in Canton on the 4th of July, 1890, and it is needless to say that the attrac- tions and diversions of the anniversary of our national independence were adequate to occupy his attention for that day, but within the same month he entered the employ of the company noted, in the capacity of draughtsman, being thus engaged for a period of three years, at the expiration of which he was promoted to the office of chief engineer, retaining this in- cumbency seven years, and then being shown a farther mark of appreciation, since at the annual meeting of the board of directors in January, 1901, he was chosen for his present responsible and exacting office of general su- perintendent, in whicli he has made a record creditable to himself and one that has inured to the benefit of the conipany in every way. Mr. Taylor is a native of merrie old Eng- land, having been born in the town of T\ladeley, Shropshire, on the 6th of July, 186.?, and there he was reared to man's estate, receiving his educational training in private institutions. Upon leaving scliool he secured a clerical posi- tion in the office of the freight and passenger department of the Great Western Railway, ii6o OLD LANDMARKS while later he took up the work of draughting, in which mechanic art he became an expert, devoting his attention to the same as a voca- tion consecutively until he was advanced from that department of w(;rk by the company with which he is at present employed. Mr. Taylor came to the United States in 1889, arriving in the city of New York in April of that year, and thereafter he visited various sections of the Union in search of a satisfactory location, and one in which he could put his abilties to the best use, and he finally en tour came to Canton as noted, while his subsequent career has been duly outlined in the preceding para- graph. In politics his views since coming to America are in harmony with the principles and policies advanced by the Republican party, while his religious faith is that of the Metho- dist Episcopal church, he holding membership in the First church in Canton. In this city on the 24tli of December, 1890, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Taylor to Miss Anna J. Williams, who was born at Made- ley, Shropshire, England, where she was reared, being a daughter of .Alfred Williams, who is now hving retired in this city, coming to Ameri- ca in 1888, and located in the city of Canton, he having been a cabinetmaker by vocation during the major portion of his active career. Mr. and Mrs. Taylor have five children, namely: Cyril. Dorothy Jerrine, Harold W., Ivatharine, and Raymond James. In conclusion we incorporate a brief record concerning the genealogy of the subject. His father, Charles Taylor, was a skilled metal worker in Shropshire, England, and he was of the fifth generation of the family to have been born in the town of Madeley, and there his death occurred in 1889, at tlie age of fifty-eight years. His father, wlio likewise bore the name of Charles, was an active participant during the entire Crimean war, as were also four of his brothers, one of whom later emigrated to the United States, where he passed the remainder of his life. The maiden name of the subject's mother was Ann Cooper, and she is still living, maintaining her home at Kidd's Grove, in south Staffordshire, England. Charles and Ann (Cooper) Taylor became the parents of ten children, of whom six are yet living, and of the number ihe subject and his younger brother, .Albert A., who is an artist by profession, re- siding in East Liverpool, Ohio, are the only representatives of the family in America. Charles, Martha, Eliza and Mary still remain in Eno-land. MRS. MARY A. COOK.— A business woman of marked ability, a resident of Can- ton from tlie time of her birth to the present time, and a representative of one of the hon- ored pioneer families of Stark county, it is but consistent that Mrs. Cook, widow of the late Augustus Cook, be accorded specific recogni- tion in this publication. Mrs. Mary A. (Robin) Cook was born in the family home, which was at the time the last house on North Cherry street in Canton, and was here reared to womanhood, having re- ceived her educational discipline in the paro- chial and public schools. Her father conducted a grocery on the site of the present City Na- tional Bank, and as a girl, when not attending school, she assisted him in the store, so that she has had exceptional training in the line of practical business, while her knowledge has been put to effective use, as will appear in this context. On the 4th of October, 1880, she was united in marriage to Augustus Cook, who was born in New York city, in 1844, and who became a resident of Canton about 1870, and here passed the remainder of his life, having been for eighteen years in the employ of J. O. Palmer, in the carpet business. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Cook took up their res- idence on North Market street, where they re- mained until 1898, when they removed to the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1161 present home of Mrs. Cook, at 2105 North Cleveland avenue, where he died on the 29th of April, 1899. Ii^ politics he' was an uncom- promising Democrat, and his religious faith was that of the Catholic church. He was a communicant and worthy member of St. John's church, and was identified with the Catholic Mutual Benefit Association. Mr. Cook was a man of inflexible integrity and held the respect of all who knew him. Of the children of this union the following record is entered : Henry died in childhood; Dorothy J. is the wife of George M- Walters, of Canton, and Eva died in infancy. After her marriage Mrs. Cook engaged in "the hair-dressing business in Canton, at 419 North Market street, and seven years later she expanded the scope of her successful enterprise by the addition of a stock of millinery, and the two departments have since been continued, while she has built up a most gratifying busi- ness, catering to a large and representative pat- ronage. She has been consecutively in busi- ness here for seventeen years, and was the first to engage in the hair-dressing business in the city, having acquired her knowledge of the art through the instruction of a traveling repre- sentative of the same. At the inception of her business Mrs. Cook showed her wisdom by ef- fectively advertising hen enterprise, and the re- sult was that within the first three weeks she had netted a very satisfactory profit. Later on she took a more complete course in the art of hair-dressing, and she is now thoroughly com- petent in the line, her establishment being one which would be a credit to a metropolitan community. After the death of her mother, in 18S0, Mrs. Cook purchased the old home farm, of forty-three acres, on North Cleveland avenue, and a portion of this she has since sold for building lots, still retaining twenty-six acres, on which is located her own attractive home. She has been a devoted communicant of St, John's Catholic church from her youth up. George Robin, father of Mrs, Cook, was born in the town of Hombour, in the province of Loraine, France, on the 23d of April, 1804, and there he was reared and educated, learning the trade of stone-cutting in his youth. There also was solemnized his marriage to Miss Anna Fultz, and there were born to them two sons, John and Jacob, John, who was a clerk in mercantile establishments in Canton and Mas- si lion in the early days, was a man of fine educa- tion, having completed his scholastic discipline in Europe, whither he returned for the pur- pose after the emigration of the family to America, and he was thoroughly conversant with seven different languages. When he started on his return to the United States he was accompanied by his paternal grandmother, but she died on the voyage and was buried at sea, being seventy-six years of age at the time. He was also in a critical condition while en route, having an abscess on his hip, but he finally reached his home, where his health con- firmed delicate for some time. He finally ac- cepted a position as bookkeeper in the store of Graham & Weaver in Philadelphia, Pennsyl- vania, and was incumbent of this position at the time of his death, in 1859. Jacob, the younger brother, who likewise was born in France, died in Canton, in 1864, having here been united in marriage to Louisa Furnace. About 1839 George Robin, in company with his wife and the two sons mentioned, em- igrated from France to the United States and took up their abode in Stark county, the voyage being of more than fifty days' duration. They sailed from Havre, France, and landed in New \'ork city, thence proceeding by rail to Buffalo, by steamboat on Lake Erie to Cleveland, thence by canal to Massillon and overland to Canton. Mr, Robin established his home on Plum street, between Third and Fourth streets, in a small Il62 OLD LANDMARKS brick house. He afterward secured a house on North Cherry street, paying for the same by contract work for the original owner, and there the family resided until 1852. In 1850, in company with a party of Canton men, Mr. Robin started for California, where the gold excitement was then at its height. He left his wife with three small children, and she pro- tested greatly against his departure, and after reaching Wellsville, Ohio, he turned back and rejoined his family. Later in the same year, however, he accompanied another party on the long and weary overland trip to the Pacific coast. While en route across the plains they were attacked by the Indians, and the greater number of the party were killed. Mr. Robin escaped and pushed forward, finally reaching his destination, having endured manifold hard- ships and dangers. He remained in California two years, and was ill during the greater por- tion of the time, though for several months he was able to actively search for gold, being mod- erately successful in his efforts. He started for home by way of the isthmus route, and while on shipboard was attacked with scurvy, from which he partially recovered before reaching his home. The products of his labors in the gold fields he invested in the property where the City National Bank now stands, and there he engnged in the grocery business. Later he sold this property to Christian Oberly and re- tired from business, removing to a home at what are now Nos. 417-419 Market street. He then bought the forty-three-acre farm, on North Cleveland avenue, which his daughter, Mrs. Cook, subsequently purchased, as has al- ready been noted, and he also became the owner of twelve acres on the west side of the city, a portion of which he platted into city lots, of which he disposed for building purposes. He died at his home, 417 North Market street, on the 2 1 St of January, 1870, at the age of sixty- six years, and his loved and devoted wife passed away January 22, 1880, at the age of seventy-three years, both having been devoted members of St. John's Catholic church, while the father was a Democrat in politics. They became the parents of four children, mention having already been made of the two sons, and the others were Mrs. Cook, subject of this re- view, and Margaret, who is the wife of Con- rad Appel, of Colorado. Mrs. Cook has a wide circle of friends in her native city, and is known as a woman of gracious presence and marked refinement. ALPHEUS BALTZLY was born on the parental homestead farm in Tuscarawas county, Ohio, on the 25th day of August, 1850, being a son of John and Lydia (Mil- ler) Baltzly, both of whom were likewise born in Tuscarawas county. John Baltzly is a son of John and Elizabeth (Baker) Baltzly, who were born in Pennsylvania, whence they emigrated to Ohio in an early day and became numbered among the pioneers of Tuscarawas county, their home farm being in the immediate vicinity of the present village of New Phila- delphia, where they passed the remainder of their lives, having had a family of two sons and seven daughters, of whom one of the sons and one of the daughters are still living. The maternal grandparents of the subject of this sketch were Zachariah and Gertrude (Hostet- ter) Miller, both of whom were natives of the old Keystone state of Pennsylvania, whence they came to Tuscarawas county, Ohio, in com- pany with their respective parents. The former was a son of Henry and Barbara (Seese) Mil- ler, natives of Pennsylvania, who passed the closing years of their lives in Tuscarawas coun- ty. Gertrude (Hostetter) Miller was a daugh- ter of Joseph and Susan (Seaver) Hostetter, both of whom died in Tuscarawas county, whither they came from Pennsylvania, as has already been noted. In 1856 John Baltzly, the father of the sub- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 1163 ject, removed from Tuscarawas county to Stark county, and located on the farm now owned by the former, and here he continued to be engaged in agricultural pursuits until, with advancing years, he finally retired from active labor, passing the evening of his life in Beach City, where he died on the 5th of May, 1889, at the age of sixty-eight years, his widow still maintaining her home there and being .now seventy-one years of age. Of their nine chil- dren only three are now living. The father was a stanch Republican in his political proclivities, and was called upon to serve in the office of township trustee, while he also was an efficient member of the school board for many years. He became the owner of two hundred and fifty- six acres of land in this township', and was one of the influential and honored citizens of the community. He held membership in the Lutli- eran church, as does also his widow. Alpheus Baltzly, whose name introduces this sketch, was reared on the homestead farm, and secured a common-school education, and he eventually became the owner of two hundred and twenty-one acres of the old homestead farm, where he has ever, since continued to be actively engaged in diversified agricultural pursuits and in the raising of a fine grade of live stock, having one of the best improved and most prolific rural estates in this section, and being known as an energetic and far- sighted business man, and as one whose word is as good as any bond ever issued. He is a stanch advocate of the principles and policies of the Republican party, but has never sought political preferment. He has, however, given most ef- fective service as a member of the school board, and has also been trustee of his district, whicli was specially organized. Mr. Baltzly has been twice married. In 1871 he was united to Miss Annie Casebeer, who was born in Tuscarawas county, being a daughter of James Casebeer, and of this marriage two children were born, Florence and .A.nnie. Mrs. Baltzlv was sum- moned into eternal rest in 1879 and on the 25th of November, 1880, the subject wedded Miss Maggie Suter, who was bom in West- moreland county, Pennsylvania, a daughter of Henry and Catherine Suter, and this union has been blessed by six children, namely : Harry, John, Walter, Milton, Helen and Esther, the last named being deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Baltzly are consistent and valued members of the United Brethren church. WILLIAM E. YOUNG is of Scotch ex- traction in the agnatic line, his grandfather, John Young, having been a native of the land of hills and heather, whence he emigrated to the United States when a young man, locating in Pennsylvania, where he passed the remainder of his life. In Allegheny county, that state, was born William Hall Young, father of him whose name initiates this paragraph, and there he was reared and educated, devoting his active life to the machinist business, and being a man of sterling character. He died in his native coTinty in 1892, at the age of seventy-six years. His wife, whose maiden name was Jane Ann Peters, was of French and German ancestry, and she likewise died in Allegheny county, in 1886, at the age of seventy-one years. They became the parents of five children, of whom four are living at the present time, the subject having been the fifth in order of birth. He is a cousin of Major General Samuel B. M. Young, of the United States army, the latter's father, John, having been a brother of William H., father of the subject. William E. Young v.as born in Allegheny City, Pennsylvania, on the 12th of January, 1S54, the old homestead in which he first saw the light of day having long been in the pos- session of the family. His early educational discipline was received in the old-time town- ship school, and he states that he v.-as there "graduated" at the age of sixteen years, and' 1 164 OLD LANDMARKS that the term quoted was one unknown in such institutions at that time. Upon leaving school he enterec! upon an apprenticeship at the black- smith trade in the city of Pittsburg, serving four and one-half years, and becoming a skilled artisan in the line. Thereafter he was for three years an apprentice marine engineer on the Mississippi river, rising to the position of chief engineer on packet boats, and he continued to follow this vocation about eight years, at the expiration of which he was placed in charge of the forging department of the steel works of Hussey, Wells & Company, of Pittsburg, retaining this incumbency for five years, and then continuing with the concern for an addi- tional six years as master mechanic of the en- tire plant, which is an extensive one. In 1889 he came to Canton as master mechanic with the ' Canton Steel Company, and three years later he Avas promoted to the office of assistant su- perintendent, while in 1900 there came still \ farther recognition of his ability and effective j service in his being chosen to his present office oi superintendent. He has a thorough knowl- ! edge of all details of the manufacturing and keeps a constant supervison of the same, and while he maintains a strict discipline his man- agement is such as to retain to him the confi- dence and good will of the minor employes as well as of the officials of the company. In ' politics Mr. Yotmg is a stanch advocate of the principles and policies of the Democratic party, and he has taken an active and com- mendable interest in public affairs of a local nature, while he has been called upon to serve in various offices of trust. He represented the fourth ward in the city council for four years, was for an equal period a member of the board of education, and three vears served 1 as a member of the board of health, being well known and distinctively popular in his home ; city, and being here recognized as a straight- forward and capable business man. He and his family attend the First Baptist church. ! In Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, on the 21st of May, 1878, Mr. Young was united in marriage to Miss Catherine M. E. Young, the two fam- ilies being not related though of the same name. She was born in Huntingdon county, Pennsyl- vania, being a daughter of Lieutenant Samuel Breck Young, who was born in the state of Vermont, where the family was established, prior to the war of the Revolution, representa- tives of the same having served with distinction as soldiers of the Continental line. Lieutenant Young was an officer in the war of the Re- bellion, and his wife, whose maiden name was Emeline Swope, was a niece of Bucher Swope, a distinguished citizen of Pennsylvania, and prosecuting attorney for the eastern district of that state. Mr. and Mrs. Young have six chil- dren, namely : Paul, who is engaged as a steel roller in the Canton Steel Company's plant, in Canton, married Miss Ida Rose; and Emily J., Donald B., John B., Ruth A. and James H. remain at the parental home. HOMER F. COOPER was born on the pa- rental homestead, in the immediate vicinity of the town of Knoxville, Jefferson county, Ohio, on the 25th day of July, 1863, being a son of Henry F. and Sophia (Ekey) Cooper, to whom were born four children, all of whom are living except Ophilon V.,who died at the age of thirty- one years. The tliree surviving are as follows : J. Howard, who owns the old homestead farm in Jefferson county ; Elizabeth, who is the wife of John Moore, of Bergholz, that county ; and Homer F., the immediate sul^ject of this sketch. Henry F. Cooper was likewise a native of Jef- ferson county, this state, having been born in the village of Knoxville, m the year 1829, and being a son of John Cooper, who was of Scotch lineage, and who was numbered among the early settlers of jeft'erson county. The father of our subject was reared on the homestead farm, received such educational advantages as CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1 165. were afforded in the district schools of the lo- cality and period, and after his marriage he purchased the old homestead, which comprised one hundred and eighty-five acres, where the subject of this sketch was born. There he continued to reside until the hour of his death. In politics he was a stanch supporter of the Republican party from the time of its organiza- tion, and for a number of years he efficiently filled the office of justice of the peace, being one of the influential citizens of the community. He was a signally devoted and consistent mem- ber of the Methodist Plpiscopal church, in which he held the office of class leader for many years. Sophia (Ekey) Cooper, the mother of the sub- ject, was born in Jefferson county, Ohio, near the town of Richmond, in the year 1830, being a daughter of Ezekiel Ekey, who was of Irish descent. After the death of her husband the mother bravely assumed the responsibility of rearing her children and assuming the manage- ment of the home farm until such time as her sons were able to lift this burden from her shoulders. She was summoned into eternal rest in 1888, loved by all who knew her and se- cure in that deep Christian faith which bright- ened and glorified her beautiful life: she was a devoted member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Homer F. Cooper, the immediate subject of this review, was reared to maturity on the homestead farm and received a good common school education, while he and his brother early assumed much of the responsibihty of managing and carrying on the work of the home farm. After the marriage of their two sisters the brothers purchased the former's in- terests in the farm, and later, when his brother wished to remove to the west, the subject pur- chased also his interest in the estate and thus assumed full control of the farm. After his mother's death ]\Ir. Cooper, being unmarried and somewhat in debt, sold the home to his brother, who had in the meanwhile returned from the west, and he then took up his residence in the village of Kensington, Columbiana coun- ty, where he engaged in the general merchan- dise business, in which he there continued until 1893, when he sold the business to his brother- in-law, John Moore, and then removed to the city of Canton, Stark county, where he en- gaged in the wholesale retail coal business, of which he disposed in the spring of 1900, and then engaged in the tea and coffee business in the same city, gradually merging the enterprise into a general grocery business, which he suc- cessfully conducted until the 1st of October, 1 90 1, when he closed out the same and took up his residence on his present fine farm, a portion of which was inherited by his wife, while he purchased the remainder from Mrs. Painter, his mother-in-law, then recently wid- owed. The farm constitutes one of the finest landed estates in the county, being under most effective cultivation and having the best of buildings, including a commodious and attract- ive brick residence, while the area of his hold- ings is over six hundred acres, the same being eligibly located in Sandy township. In poli- tics Mr. Cooper has ever given a stanch alle- giance to the Republican party, in whose cause he has taken an active interest. During the last campaign of the lamented President Mc- Kinley the subject was a member of the famous Canton Troop, whose duty was to meet the various delegations and escort them to the resi- dence of the President in Canton. Since 1889 Mr. Cooper has been a njember of the Presby- terian church, and while residing in Canton he ser\'ed as trustee and treasurer of the church. Fraternally he is identified with Sandy Valley Lodge No. 725, Knights of Pythias. He is progressive and energetic in his farming opera- tions, as has he been in all fines of enterprise with which he has been identified, and he holds the unequivocal confidence and esteem of the people of the community. On the 25th of July, 1889, Mr. Cooper was. ii66 OLD LANDMARKS united in marriage to Miss Violet E. Painter, the only child of the late Jacob W. Painter, who was one of the most honored and influen- tial citizens of Sandy township, and of whom individual mention is made in following para- graphs. Mrs. Cooper is likewise a devoted member of the Presb\'terian church and is a lady of gracious presence and distinctive re- finement. Mr. and Mrs. Cooper have no chil- dren. Jacob W. Painter, the father of Mrs. Coop- er, was born in Pike township. Stark county, Ohio, on the loth of Islovember, 1829, being of stanch German lineage, his great-grandfather having emigrated from the fatherland to Penn- sylvania in an early day, being accompanied by two of his brothers, one of whom located in New England and the other in Pennsylvania, while the name now has representatives in the most diverse sections of the Union. Jacob Painter, grandfather of Jacob W., was a man of influence in Pennsylvania, where he was en- gaged in farming, and where he also operated a gristmill, while he also served as jvidge of the court of common pleas and was several times a representative in the state legislature. He was a Whig in politics and was a member of the Lutheran church. Jacob W. Painter was a son of Joseph and Sarah A. (Wynn) Painter, both of whom were born in Pennsyl- vania, whence they came to Stark county, the father having located in Sandy township as a pioneer of the year 1829, and here Jacob W. was reared under the conditions naturally im- plied, while he made such use of the educational advantages afiforded him that he became eligi- ble for pedagogic work, being a successful teacher in the district schools of this and Car- roll county, while later he taught in Illinois. After his marriage he purchased a portion of the present homestead farm, and in addition to becoming one of the most successful farmers of this section he also operated the coal mines on his farm, from which enterprise he secured large returns, becoming one of the wealthy and influential men of the county. He was a promi- nent member of the Christian church, and in politics he supported the Republican party, of whose principles and policies he was a stanch advocate, though he never sought oflicial pre- ferment, the only position of the sort of which he was ever incumbent having been that of land appraiser, to which office he was elected in 1870. He was an appreciative and valued member of the Masonic fraternity, and in all the relations of life was true to the highest principles. He met his death as the result of a pitiable accident, being killed by a train at the Waynesburg crossing of the Pennsylvania Railroad, on the 22d of August, 1901, while the entire community felt the loss as a personal one, and to those nearest and dearest to him. the blow came with crushing force, for to them had been shown the tenderest side of his strong and ideal nature. On the 24th of December, 1861, Mr. Paint- er was united in marriage to Miss Nancy A. Miller, who was born in Tuscarawas county, Ohio, and who became the mother of two chil- dren, Joseph, who died April 10, 1865, and Violet, who is the wife of the subject of this review. Mrs. Painter died on the loth of De- cember, 1865, and in 1867 Mr. Painter mar- ried Miss Susan Leyda, who died October i, 1898. JOHN R. ELSON was born in the village of Magnolia, which lies on either side of the line between Stark and Carroll counties, the date of his nativity having been April 3, 1865. He has been practically identified with the mill- ing business from his boyhood days until the present, since at an early age he began to assist in various lines of Avork about his father's mills during the summer months, while during the wiinter seasons he prosecuted his studies in die public schools of his native place, eventually CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1 167 equipping himself more fully for the active re- sponsibilities of life by completing a course of study in the commercial department of that well known institution, Oberlin College, at Oberlin, Ohio. He left college at the age of eighteen years, and since that time his entire attention has been given to the work of the fine milling plant in which he is now interested as a stockholder in the operating company. About the year 1890 he and his elder brother, Richard R., began to receive a percentage of the profits of the business, having proved them- selves worthy of this kindly consideration on the part of their father, and in 1900 the enter- prise was duly incorporated as a stock com- pany, under tlie title mentioned above, the stock being held entirely in the hands of the family, and our subject being chosen as head miller under the provisons of the re-organiza- tion. Of this position he lias since remained incumbent, and his thorougli knowledge of the practical details and all mechanical accessories utilized make him especially well fitted for the important charge, and it may be said that no portion of the Avork of operation escapes his careful supervision and scrutiny, so that the high reputation of the mills is not permitted to suffer in the least, but their prestige is being advanced through the co-operation and har- monious management of the interested princi- pals of the company. Mr. Elson, like his father and brothers, is a stanch advocate of the cause of the Republican party, and his interest in public affairs of a local nature has been insistent and helpful. He has served several terms as a member of the village council of Magnolia, and for nine years has been incumbent of the office of treasurer of the school board of the town. He is one of the prominent and capable young business men of the county, and is well deserv- ing of tlie success which is his, for it has not been acquired without forceful effort, each of his father's sons having early learned to honor honest toil, in whatever sphere of action. Our subject and his wife are members of the English Lutheran church and are liberal in its support, both through influence and tangible aid. On the 24th of April, 1S89, Mr. Elson was united in marriage to Miss Margaret E. Skeels. who was born in Carroll county, being the daughter of John and Elizabeth (Lotz) Skeels, residents of Canton, Stark county, where Mr. Skeels is a prominent contractor. Mrs. Skeels died in 1S87, and Mr. Skeels afterward mar- ried Mrs. Lena Getchell. Mr. and Mrs. Elson have had three interesting children, Alwilda R., died in January, 1896; A. Catherine and Fred- rika E., who lend brightness and cheer to the family circle, the home of the subject being one of the finest and most attractive modern resi- dences in Magnolia, and having been erected by him in 1898. HENRY BOWMAN was born on - his present farm, in Sandy township, on the 5th of February, 1840, being a son of John and Lydia (Whitmer) Bowman, the former of whom was a native of Pennsylvania, where he was born in the year 1802, and when he was seven years of age his parents removed thence to Stark county, Ohio, being numbered among the earliest settlers of Pike township, where he was reared to maturity under the pioneer condi- tions and environments, the family home be- ing a primitive log cabin, while educational ad- vantages were notable for their absence rather than anything else, but he was endowed with an alert mentality and made the best use of the opportunities afforded in the little log .school house, which he attended at varied inter- vals. As a youth he was for a time engaged as fireman on an Ohio river steamboat, and after his marriage he purchased the farm now owned by the subject of this review, in sec- tion 20, Sandy township, erecting a log cabin and forthAvith instituting the work of reclaim- ing the heavily timbered land to the uses of Ii63 OLD LANDMARKS cultivation. He was a man of marked energy and industry, and endowed with excellent business acumen, so that he was not denied a due measure of suc- cess as the result of his efforts, and he lived to see the development of the county from almost a veritable wilderness to a populous and pros- perous division of a great state, while his own farm was so improved under his direction as to become one of the best in the county. He resided on this homestead until his death, in 1886, being cared for with true filial solicitude during his declining days by his son, Henry, subject of this review, who had become the owner of the home place. He and his wife were both devoted members of the I-utheran church. The latter was born in Bethlehem township, Stark county, and her death occurred in 1879, at which time she was seventy-seven years of age. She was a daughter of Ben- jamin Whitmer, who was numbered among the first settlers in Bethlehem township, where he reclaimed a good farm and became one of the influential men of the community, and where he died at an advanced age. John and Lydia (Whitmer) Bowman became the parents of eight children, namely : Mary, John and Sam- uel, who are now deceased; Henry, the sub- ject of this review ; Hannah, who is the wife of Riley Newhouse; Eli, who is a representa- tive farmer of Sandy township ; and Lydia, who died young. Sarah was the wife of VVm. Bonbrak, who died in Indiana; John died in California; and Samuel, who was a soldier in the Fifty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry during the Civil war, was taken prisoner at the bat- tle of Chickamauga and died in Andersonville prison. Henry Bowman, to whom this sketch is dedicated, was reared on the farm which is now his home, and he early began to lend effective aid in its reclamation and cultivation, his services in this line being in such demand that his educational training as a boy was cut down to the minimum, the longest period dur- ing wliich he attended school in any one year being thirty -three days, while the early "insti- tution of learning" which was accessible to him was the log school house with its primitive equipment of puncheon floor, slab benches, etc. He continued to assist in the work of the farm until there came the clarion call to arms, when the Union was attacked by the southern Con- federacy, whose guns thundered against the walls of old Fort Sumter. Mr. Bowman mani- fested the loyalty and patriotism of a true son of the republic, and on the 12th of October, 1861, at the age of twenty-one years, he enlisted as a private in Company K, Fifty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, being mustered in at Camp Meigs. This regiment was commanded by Col- onel Stanley Matthews, who later became the distinguished chief justice of the supreme court of the United States, while Charles Mul- ler was captain of Company K. The regiment was assigned to the Army of the Cumberland, and participated in many of the most memorable engagements of the great conflict. From Camp ]\Ieigs the command proceeded into Kentucky, where they did much skirmishing, thence going to Nashville, and later into the Cumberland mountains, whence they followed General Bragg through Tennessee and Kentucky to Louisville, where several skirmishes occurred. They continued in pursuit of Bragg and fought at Cedar Plains and Perryville, Kentucky, and later returned to Nashville, where they re- mained until December, 1862, when they were sent to Stone River, taking part in the spirited engagement at that point, Mr. Bowman being there injured by the explosion of a shell, but was not long incapacitated for duty, as is evi- dent when we re-\'ert to the tact that he was in action in the important battles of Chicka- mauga, Chattanooga, Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge. The regiment went into winter quarters at Shell Mound, and in the spring of 1864 again went forth to do valiant CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1 1 69 service in some oi the most hotly contested battles which marked the further progress of the war. The hst of the more important bat- tles in which Mr. Bowman thus participated included the following : Tunnel Hill, Ringgold, Resaca, Rocky Face Ridge, Buzzards' Roost, Kenesaw Mountain, Peachtree Creek, Pine-top Mountain, Atlanta and Jonesboro, having been in front of Atlanta when General McPherson was killed. Later, while en route to Athens, Alabama, their train was wrecked and Mr. Bowman was thrown violently to the ground, and was seriously injured in the back, being incapacitated for active duty of any sort for some months. He was never wounded in n technical sense during all his long and arduous term of service, though he was badly lacerated by the explosion of the shell at Stone River, as before noted. Mr. Bowman received his honorable discharge at Pulaski, Tennessee, on the 17th of November, 1864, and his military record is one which will ever redound to his honor as a patriot and a bra^■e and loyal soldier. Soon after his discharge the subject re- turned home, and as his parents were well ad- vanced in years he assumed charge of the home farm, to whose improvement and culti- vation he has ever since devoted his attention. In 1880 he purchased the property from his father, and the following summer he erected his present commodious and substantial barn, while his large and attractive residence was erected in 1886. The other permanent im- provements are of the best order, and his place may well be considered one of the model farms of the county, the same comprising one hun- dred and sixty acres of fertile and productive land, in connection with whose effective culti- vation Mr. Bowman devoted no little attention to the raising of high grade live stock, includ- ing horses, of which he had at all times fine specimens, taking pride in keeping everything about the farm in the best possible order. On the 1st of April, 1903, the subject retired from 73 the active conduct of the farm and moved to Magnolia. He is a stockholder in the Mag- nolia Mercantile Company, m the village of that name, and is a member of its directorate. In politics he gives an unwavering allegiance to the Republican party, and he and his wife are zealous members of the United Brethren church. Fraternally he is one of the popular and hon- ored comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic, holding membership in Sandy Valley Post No. 433, of which he is past commander. On the 24th of December, 1869, Mr. Bow- man was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth. Farber, who was born just across the line in Rose township, Carroll county, being a daugh- ter of the late Peter Farber, who was one of the honored pioneers of that township. Mr. and Mrs. Bowman are the parents of five chil- dren, namely : John F., who is engaged in the general merchandise business in Magnolia, as a member of the Magnolia Mercantile Com- pany; Ann, who is the wife of Dr. Benjamin F. Richard, of Richards, Pike township; Frank P., who is associated with his father in operat- ing the homestead farm ; Margaret M., who re- sides in the village of Magnolia; and Mary A.,, who remains at the parental home. HENRY H. CHAMBERLAIN, M. D., is descended from New England ancestry on the paternal side, but in what state the family originally settled is now a matter of doubt. The Chamberlains are of Quaker origin, and for many years the name was prominent in the history of that religious body. George Cham- berlain, the grandfather, was born in one of the eastern states, but in an early day moved to Columbiana county, Ohio, where he lived the life of an honest, industrious tiller of the soil until called to the other world. His son, John Chamberlain, was born in Liverpool town- ship, Columbiana county, in September, 1835, and w-as also a farmer by occupation. He mar- II70 OLD LANDMARKS ried, in his native county. Miss Mary Etta Dixon, whose father, Joseph Dixon, was a prominent member of the Society of Friends, as were his ancestors for several generations before him. Mr. Dixon was one of the leading citizens of his community, whom to know was to honor and respect. The pathetic incident is related of him, that when an old man of eighty he was stricken with paralysis, which resulted in the absolute impairment of his power of speech. Having a presentiment of his approach- ing death, and knowing of no other way to impart the knowledge to his family, he worked the chair in which he was sitting close to the grate, and taking the fire shovel, formed the ashes on the hearth into the shape of a grave. His departure followed soon after this silent prophecy, and he was attended to the grave by a large concourse of relatives and friends, to whom he left as a heritage a name which is still held in deep veneration. His wife was a Miss Lydia Richardson, daughter of Joseph Richardson, to whom a reference is made in the sketch of Dr. Orter on another page of this work. After his marriage John Chamberlain en- gaged in the pursuit of agriculture in the county of Columbiana, and continued to live and pros- per there until his death, in the year 1890. He was a man of sterling integrity and genuine worth, and had a kind word for everybody with whom he came in contact. An earnest Chris- tian, he exemplified his faith by a life void of offense to God and man, and as a Republican upheld the principles of his party with the same earnestness of purpose as he conducted his religious and secular interests. Mrs. Cham- berlain is still living, and so well preserved are her bodily powers that she is frequently taken for a much younger woman than slie really is. To tliis excellent couple seven children were born, namely: Henry H., whose name heads this article; Elmer Elsworth, of Pittsburg. Pennsylvania; Willis W., residing in East Liverpool, Ohio; Clara died at the age of six years; Leroy died in infancy; Lydia is now Mrs. John Betz; and Ira, who lives with his mother at the old home in tlie county of Co- lumbiana. Dr. Henry A. Chamberlain was born Aug- ust 22, i860, in East Liverpool, Ohio, and spent the years of his childiiood and youth on the old homestead. His was a studious na- ture, and from the tinie of entering the district schools until the age of sixteen he made rapid progress in his studies, meanwhile supplement- ing the knowledge thus acquired by reading all books and papers that came to his hands. In his sixteenth year he was sufficiently ad- vanced to secure a teacher's license, and from that time until twenty-two he devoted the win- ter seasons to educational work in his native county. Deciding to devote his life to the call- ing in which so many of the world's great men have attained distinction, the medical profes- sion, he at once formulated plans for preparing himself for his life work. Entering the Eclectic INIedical Institute at Cincinnati, Ohio, he ap- plied himself diligently to study and research until his graduation in 1884, after which he began the practice at Paris, Ohio, where his abilities soon won him recognition as a capable physician and surgeon. In due time he suc- ceeded in building up a large and substantial business, which continued unabated during the eight years he remained at the above place. Leaving Paris, Dr. Chamberlain went to Venango county, Pennsylvania, but not being especially pleased with the outlook there, with- drew at the end of one year and moved to the larger and much more promising field of eastern Ohio, selecting Canton as the place of his future course of action. Since locating in this city he has rapidly come to the front as a representative of his particular school, and now has a large practice, which is as success- ful financially as it is professionally. He main- tains an abiding interest in and familiarity with CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1 171 the advances made in the sciences of medicine and surgery, and his professional attainments, of a high order from the beginning, are con- stantly being enlarged by close study and pains- taking original research. He is a member of the Eclectic Medical Institute of Ohio, and avails himself of every opportunity this organi- zation affords in the way of widening his scope of usefulness as a healer of diseases. In his political adherency the Doctor is a stalwart Republican, casting his first vote for William AIcKinley for congress, and Jater sup- porting that distinguished statesman for gov- ernor, and twice for the presidency. His relig- ious views are in harmony with the Calvinistic creed, and for some years he has been an active member of the Presbyterian church, at the present time affiliating with the First church of that denomination in the city of Canton. Dr. Chamberlain was married at East Liv- erpool, Ohio, in the year 1885 to Miss Laura W. Smith, daughter of W. S. Smith, of Co- lumbiana county, a union blessed with one son, Wilson S., a fine youth of fifteen years. The Doctor and his estimable wife are devoted church workers, to which interest they contrib- ute liberally both in a tangible way and in the matter of vigorous inlluence. They are also popular in the best society circles of the city, and enjoy the esteem of all with whom they mingle, socially and otherwise. ALBERT A. OLDHAM.— He to whom this brief sketch is dedicated occupies the re- sponsible executive position of secretary and treasurer of the Bonnot Manufacturing Com- pany, a representative industrial concern of the city of Canton, being also a stockholder of the corporation and a member of its directorate, and he is recognized as one of the able young business men of the city, having t!ie jirogressive spirit so characteristic of the age. Since a de- tailed description of the enterprise with which he is thus prominently identilied is given in the review of the life of the president of the com- pany on other pages of this volume, it will not be required that the resume be repeated at this point, so we may proceed at once to a considera- tion of the more salient points in the career of Mr. Oldham. Albert A. Oldham is a native son of the Buckeye state, having been born in the village of Parma, Cuyahoga county, Ohio, on the 24th of July, 1869, and being a son of Albert PL and Josephine (Hodgman) Oldham, the for- mer of whom was born near the city of Mon- treal, Canada, being of English ancestry, while the year of his nativity was 1843. I^^ ^''^s followed the vocation of locomotive engineer during his active career, and it at the present time thus employed on a railroad, maintaining his home in Canton. His wife, whose ances- tors and parents were of the Younker sect in their religious faith, was born in the old PTodg- nian homestead af Parma, this state. Of this union were born five children, of whom all are living at the present time. It may be said that the first representative of the Oldham family in America was the great-grandfather of our subject, who emigrated from England to the dominion of Canada in an early day, and there passed the residue of his life. Albert A. (Oldham was reared to the age of six years in his native village, and his parents then removed to Akron, this state, where he attended the public schools until 1881, when the family came to Canton, and here he completed a course in the high school, being graduated as a member of the class of 1S86. After leav- in sch.ool he entered tine em]iloy of the Peerless Reaper Company, in the capacity of bookkeeper, remaining with this concern until its business was suspended, in 1891. Pie then entered the employ of the Bonnot Manufacturing Com- pany, and about the year 1899 he was promoted from the position of bookkeeper to that of as- sistant secretary and treasurer, while in the fol- 1 172 OLD LANDMARKS lowing years he was made the chief incumbent of this office, in which capacity he has since continued to render most effective service. In pohtics Mr. Oldham is a stanch supporter of the Repubhcan party, and its principles, and both he and his wife are zealous and valued members of the United Bretlirai church, and he is at the present time superintendent of the primary department of its Sunday school. On the 6th of April, 1892, Mr. Oldham was united in marriage to Miss Ella G. Singer, daughter of Christian and Elizabeth (Kinsch) Singer, of Canton, w'hexe she was reared and educated, and they have one son, La:urence E. WILLIAM R. KURIZ is one of the lead- ing and prominent citizens of Minen'a, Stark coimty, Ohio, not only from the fact of his long residence there, but also from the exer- cise of those qualities which inevitably gain for any man the respect and esteem of his asso- ciates. He is a native son of the Buckeye state, having been born in Columbiana county on the 9th of November, 1866, the son of Will- iam and Sarah (Elliott) Kurtz. WiUiam Kurtz was also a resident of Columbiana coun- ty, Avhere he was reared and obtained his edu- cation. He was early initiated into the mys- teries of agriculture and followed that calling until 1893, when he left the farm and removed to Minerva, where he has since lived in retire- ment, enjoying the ease and comfort which he has so richly earned by his previous years of toil. A man of decided religious convictions, he is a faithful and consistent member of the IMethodist Episcopal church, and while a stanch Republican in politics, he has never been an officeseeker, preferring to devote his time and energy to the honorable pursuit of agriculture rather than to the duties and emoluments of public office. Mrs. Kurtz passed into the silent world in 1890. To these parents were bom the following named children, six of whom still survive: John E., a jeweler residing in Mi- nerva; Frank D., at home; Jesse N., who is associated in business with tlie subject ; Rose E. and Laura L., at home; William R., the sub- ject, and Charles W., deceased. W'illiam R. Kurtz was reared under the parental roof, and acquired his education in the common schools of the neighborhood, supple- menting this by attendance at the high school of Minerva. At the age of twenty years he formed a partnership with VV. J. Yengling in the dry-goods business at Minen'a. After con- tinuing in this line for two years he disposed of his interests and went to Pittsburg, Pennsyl- vania, where he accepted a position with Jos- eph Home & Company in the retail dry goods • business. Mr. Kurtz spent ten years in a cleri- cal capacity with Joseph Home & Company and with Boggs & Buhl, of Allegheny, Penn- sylvania, with the exception of two years in the employ of J. S. Patterson & Sons at Findlay, Ohio. In 1898 Mr. Kurtz returned to Mi- nerva and organized the firm of Kurtz Brothers, associating himself with his brother, Jesse N. They at once met with encouraging success in their business enterprise, and in the intervening four years have built up a large and satisfac- tory business. In September, 1901, they opened a branch store at Salineville, this state, in which they have also met with a satisfactory patron- age. Courteous and afifable, and evincing a de- sire to please their customers, they have won for themselves the confidence of the business world and a commensurate share of the public patronage. On the 5th of March, 1900, William R. Kurtz was united in marriage with Miss Helen Burk, of Detroit, Michigan, an intelligent and highly cultured lady, who has proved to her husband a helpmate in the truest sense of the word. Religiously Mr. Kurtz is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, in which he holds the position of treasurer. Politically he is a stanch Republican, but takes no very active.- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1173 part in matters political. The qualities which •have made him one of the prominent and suc- cessful business men of Minerva have also brought him the esteem and good will of his fellow citizens, for his career from the be- ginning has been one of well directed energy, strong determination and honorable methods. Endowed by nature with strong powers of mind, and possessing the energy to direct his faculties in the proper channels, he early became a man of resourceful capacity, as the able man- agement of his business affairs abundantly tes- tifies. ■ RICHARD R. ELSON was born in the village of Magnolia, Carroll county, Ohio, on the 8th of March, i860, being a son of Augus- tus R. Elson. His boyhood days were passed amid the surroundings of the parental home, and his early educational advantages were such as were afforded in the public schools of the lo- -cality, while this discipline was later supple- mented by a course of study in Duff's Business ■College, in the city of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. -As a lad he began to lend such assistance as "was within his power to the work in his father's flouring mills, the rise of which important in- ■dustry has been duly described in the foregoing paragraphs, and he continued to he identified ■with the enterprise under the direction of his father until he had become familar with all the practical details of the business, having "grown up in the business," as the colloquial expression will indicate the progress made. In 1890 he and his brother John were admitted to a partnership interest in the milling business, which was continued imder the firm name of A. R. Elson & Sons until the year 1900, when a -stock company was formed and the business in- corporated under the laws of the state, as the A. R. Elson Company, the interested principals heing all members of the family, while at the time of organization the subject of this sketch was chosen secretary of the company, in which capacity he has since continued to serve wiith signal discrimination and ability, doing much to further the progress of the enterprise, which is one of the most important and most popularly appreciated industries in this section of the state. In politics Mr. Elson has ever been a stanch advocate of the principles of the Re- publican party, and he is known as one of the energetic and broad-minded busmess men and public-spirited citizens of the conmiunity, while he was called upon to serve three terms a.s treasurer of Magnolia, Stark county, giving a most capable administration of the fiscal affairs assigned to his charge. On the 25th of August, 1892, Mr. Elson was united in marriage to Miss Iva Moffett, who was born in Rose township, Carroll coun- ty, being a daughter of Samuel Si. Moffett, who was likewise born in that county,, of ster- ling Irish lineage, and who is a prominent and influential farmer and stock grower of this lo- cality. Mr. and Mrs. Elson have two children, Loren and Mack A. JOSIAH B. EBERLY was born on the homestead farm, in Bethlehem township, this county, on the nth of September, 1856, being a son of Joseph and Catherine (Bretz) Eberly, the former of whom was born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, while the latter was born in Tuscarawas township, Stark county, being a daughter of John Bretz, who was one of the prominent and influential pioneer citizens of that township, and who served for a number of years as a member of the board of county com- missioners. The father of the subject devoted his entire life to agricultural pursuits, becoming the owner of a fine farm in Bethlehem township, having located upon the same in 1843, ^"^^ there his death occurred in 1887, at which time he was eighty-one years of age. In politics he was originally a Democrat, later espoused the II74 OLD LANDMARKS cause of the Whig party, and after the organi- zation of the Repubhcan party transferred his allegiance to the same, and ever afterward con- tinued a stanch advocate of its principles. He Avas a birth-right member of the Society of Friends, and his religous views ever continued to be in harmony with the teachings of this noble body of Christians. He was three times married, and of the hrst union, to the mother of the subject, three sons were born, Josiah B. being the only survivor, his two brothers hav- ing sacrificed their lives on the altar of their country's righteous cause, in the war of the Rebellion, one having been a member of the Eighteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, while an- other was a member of the Thirteenth Indiana Regiment of Volunteer Infantry. By the last marriage three children were born, and all are now deceased. The mother of the subject died in 1858 at the age of forty years, having been a member of the German Reformed church. Josiah B. Eberly was reared on the old home farm, and after securing his rudimentary educational training in the district schools he continued his studies in the high school at Smithville, and later was matriculated in Mount Union College, near the city of Alliance, where he made the best possible use of the excellent advantages afforded him, and soon put his scholastic knowledge to practical use by engag- ing in pedagogic work, having been for twelve years one of the eminently popular and success- ful teachers in the public schools of his native county. In 1881 Mr. Eberly located on his ])resent farm, which comprises one hundred and thirty acres of most fertile and productive land, while the place has the best of permanent im- provements, and is one of the valuable and at- tractive farm homes of this locality. Mr. Eberly is one of the progressive farmers of the county, directing his efforts according to scientific prin- ciples, and with marked discrimination, while he is known as one of the public-.spirited citi- zens of the community and as a man of fine in- tellectual endowments. He exercises his fran- chise in support of the principles and policies of the Republican party, but has never sought the honors or emoluments of public office. Fra- ternally he is identified with the lodge of the Knights of Pythias in Beach City, and formerly he was identified with the Junior Order of United American Mechanics, while he has been a prominent factor in the ranks of the Patrons- of Husbandry, and has the distinction of being, at the present time master of the Stark County Grange of that order. On the 23rd of September, 1880, Mr. Eberly was united in marriage to Miss Minerva Knep- per, who was born on the home farm in Stark county, being a daughter of the late Godfrey Knepper, an honored pioneer of Stark county. Of this imion have been born five children,, namely: Benjamin G., who rendered valiant service as a soldier in the Philippines during the late war, being corporal of his company,, and who is now a fireman in the emplo)^ of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company; Grace M., E. May and Charles D. still remain at the parental home, and Elmer died at the age of six months. WALLEN M. BEATTY was born on the farmer he now owns, in Rose township, Car- roll county, on the 19th of September, 1846, being a son of William F. and Rachel (Miller) Beatty, to whom were born three children, the two survivors being the subject and his sister Mary, who is the wife of Sands B. KimmeU of Mineral Point, Tuscarawas county. William F. Beatty, father of the subject, was a native of the Old Dominion state of Virginia, where he was born in the year 1814, being a son of Wyburnce Beatty, who was born on the Emerald Isle, where he was reared to- maturity. Shortly after his marriage he emi- grated from Ireland to America, settling in Vir- ginia, where he remained luitil 1820, when he CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1175 came to Carroll county, Ohio, and cast in his lot among the early settlers of Rose township, entering claim to a quarter section of govern- ment land, which was heavily timbered and en- tirely unimproved, the deed to the property be- ing signed by James Monroe, who was then President of the United States, and this inter- esting document is now in the possession of the subject of this review, who is the owner of the land thus entered by his grandfather, the property having never passed out of the pos- session of the family. On this old homestead, where the subject still resides, his father passed the residue of his life, passing to his reward June 3, 1890. at the venerable age of seventy-six years. He brought about tlie effective develop- ment of the farm, and became one of the highly honored and influential men of this section, en- joying the esteem of all who knew him. Rachel (Miller) Eeatty, mother of the sub- ject, was born in Tuscarawas county, Ohio, be- ing a daughter of Wallen Miller, who was one of the first settlers in that county, where he passed the residue of his life, as did also his wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Jack- son, a relative of Stonewall Jackson. The mother of Mrs. Beatty died in the year 1849, and the father, about nine years later, consum- mated a second marriage, being then united to Miss Isabelle Carson, no children having been born of this union. The father was summoned into eternal rest in June, 1890, having lived a life of signal usefulness and honor and having been one of the representative men of this sec- tion of the state. He inherited the homestead farm, and to its cultivation and improvement devoted his attention throughout his active busi- ness career. Wallen M. Beatty, whose name initiates this sketch, was reared on the ancestral farm- stead, which is now his home, and early began to assist in its cultivation, while his educational discipline during this time was such as was afforded by tlie public schools of the locality. His youthful patriotism was roused to the point of definite action at the time when the integrity of the nation was menaced by armed rebellion, and in September, 1863, having been unable to gain his father's consent to tender his services in defense of the Union, he took matters into his own hands and ran away from home, and at Alliance, Ohio, he enlisted as a private in Company D. Twenty-fifth Ohio Vol- unteer Infantry, with which he proceeded to the front, having been with Sherman on the ever memorable march to the sea, and having participated in all the engagements incidental thereto. He received his honorable discharge in Charlestown, South Carolina, in August, 1865, as corporal of his company, having shown true soldierly qualities and having ren- dered faithful and valiant service in the great- est internecine war known in the annals of history. After the close of the war Mr. Beatty re- turned home and resumed his work on the farm. His father insisted that he become a student in Mount Union College, but he was disinclined to follow this course, preferring to take up the active duties of life, and his lather finally per- mitted him to have his way, and he purchased a team of horses and soon practically assumed the entire management of the homestead, his father's health being impaired, so that he was not able to do much active labor. After the death of his honored sire, in 1890, Mr. Beatty purchased the interest of the other heirs, and thus came into sole possession of the farm, which has ever since been his home, as, indeed, it has been during the entire course of his life. In 1895 he purchased a contiguous tract of eighty-seven acres, so that the aggregate area of his finely improved landed estate is now two hundred and fifty-two acres. On this farm, adding in marked degree to its value, are found practically inexhaustible deposits of the finest of clay for manufacturing purposes and as early as 1869 clay was shipped from tine farm 1 1 76 OLD LANDMARKS to Canal Dover, where it was utilized in the manufacture of fire-brick. At the present time the clay beds are being developed under the most favorable conditions. In 1892 Mr. Beatty organized the Beatty Fire Clay Com- pany and a fine plant w'as equipped for the manufacturing of hollow building blocks and fire brick. In 1900 the Whitacre Company be- came the operators of the plant and Mr. Beatty still continued his interest in the enterprise, and in the following year it was sold to the syndi- cate known as the American Fire Proofing Company for a consideration of two hundred and twenty-one thousand dollars in cash. In the spring of 1902 Air. Beatty associated him- self with Clarence S. Greer in the organization ! of the Greer-Beatty Clay Company, and they will have completed and have in operation by the time this publication is issued one of the model plants of this section of Ohio, utilizing the clay from Mr. Beatty's farm. Mr. Beatty is essentially public-spirited in his attitude and takes a deep interest in all that tends to con- serve the advancement and material prosperity of the community. In his political proclivities lie is an uncompromising advocate of the prin- ciples and policies of the Republican party and has been an active and efficient worker in its cause, having served as delegate to state and county conventions of the party. Fraternally he perpetuates the more kindly memories of his army life through his membership in Sandy Valley Post No. 728, Grand Army of the Re- public, at Magnolia, and he is at the present writing adjutant of the post. He is also identi- fied with the Knights of Pythias, holding mem- bership in Sandy Valley Lodge No. 725. He has never sought political office, but in 1890 he acted as census enumerator for Rose town- ship. In 1868 Mr. Beatty was united in marriage io Miss Maggie Whitacre, daughter of Dr. Thomas and Catherine (Elson) Whitacre, the latter of whom was a daughter of Richard Elson, one of the most honored and prominent pioneers of this section and one to whom specific reference is made in the sketch of his son, Anthony R. F!lson, appearing on another page of this work. Mrs. Beatty passed away in 1872, and is survived by her two children, Rachel, who is the v.ife oi a Mr. Barnes, of Texas county. Missouri, and Belle, who is the wife of Belden Brothers, of Pike township, Stark county, Ohio. On the 3d of July, 1873, j\Ir. Beatty was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Holmes, who was born in Carroll county, Ohio, being a daughter of William Holmes, who was an influential farmer of said county, where his death oc- curred in 1902. Mr. and Mrs. Beatty have five children, all of whom remain at the parental home except the second son, John, who is a g;radnate of the Cleveland Medical College, lieing a member of the class of 1903, and is now located in the city hospital at Grayston. The names of the children, in order of birth, are as follows : William, John, Milo, Blanche and Verne. GEORGE COOK, late of Canton, was born in Summit county, Ohio, on the 2d day of February, 1827. In his youth he enjoyed only such limited educational advantages as were afforded by the common schools of his na- tive place, but, possessing a studious nature, he made the best of his opportunities and in due time mastered the branches which in those days constituted the curriculum. Thrown upon his own resources at an early age. he turned his attention to mechanical pur- suits and, entering a wagonmaking shop, soon became an efficient workman at that trade. While working at Greentown he early devel- oped mechanical skill of a high order, which, coupled with executive ability rare in one of his age, led him in due time to outgrow the limited environments of the shop and embark ^J'|^=. a^ ^^ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1177 in a mncli hirj^'er and mure inii)ortaiit undertak- ing. About the year 1849, '" partnership with Cornelius /Uiltman, Jacob Miller, Ephraim Ball and others, he established at Canton a small concern for the manufacture of reapers and mowers, which, under the firm name of E. Ball & Company, soon became one of the lead- ing industries of the city. These gentlemen lie- gan operations with a limited capital, but the demand for their output increased to such an extent that within a couple of years the capac- ity of the plant was greatly enlarged, necessi- tating the employment of a strong force of skilled artisans. In 1865 the establishment was reorganized as a stock company under the name of C. Aultman & Company with a capi- tal which was gradually increased with the growth of trade until it finally amounted to one million five hundred dollars. From the above years dates the most rapid and substan- tial advancement of this mammoth enterprise and since that time it has continually increased in magnitude and importance until becoming not only one of the largest industries of the kind in the state, but in the United States, be- sides earning an international reputation. It is not the province of an article of this kind to give in detail eitlicr the history or present status of the great and farreaching enterprise with which Mr. Cook" was so long and so actively identified. Suffice it to state, however, that the various agriculture machinery manu- factured by this company, such as the Buckeye mower and reaper, the improved Sweepstakes thresher and the Monitor threshing engine, have achieved, as already stated, wide repute in every civilized country of the globe, while the standing of the establishment in the United States is second to that of no other similar in- dustry. As may be inferred from this brief reference to the plant and its extensive opera- tions, the gentlemen who estal)]ished the con- cern and brought it to its high position were men of remarkable ability and superior judg- ment whose enterprising spirits no difficulties could discourage. Among these men, George Cook occupied no secondary place. With a tenacity of purpose rare as it was admirable, he seems to have possessed the peculiar fac- ulty of moulding circumstances to suit his ends and to his sagacity and wise executive ability is the establishment indebted for a large meas- ure of the success which has marked its history from its inception to the time of his decease. He was one of the heaviest stockholders of the company, as well as a member of the board of directors, and as assistant superintendent he took an active part in the practical manage- ment, earning while serving in that capacity the iinljounded confidence of his associates as well as the universal good will of the employes. The history of the Aultman Company is but a page in the life of this enterprising and far- sighted business man. Beginning with no cap- ital save the sterling qualities of an honorable and industrious manhood, he gradually forged to the front, rising step by step until reaching the goal of success to which but few attain. He possessed strong mentality, was rarely mis- taken in his judgment of men and things and foresaw with remarkable clearness future pos- sibilities relative to his business interests, de- termining with a high degree of accuracy their probable bearing. In all of his transactions he manifested the most scrupulous integrity and gentlemanly demeanor and Ijy reason of large success, unblemished character and a just and liljcral life, he earned the universal esteem of his fellow citizens. In addition to his connec- tion with the establishment at Canton, Mr. Cook served as director of the Aultman Miller & Compan\'s works and iron company at Ak- ron, and for a number of years was a director of the First National Bank in the former city. He was also ofiicially identified with the Val- ley Railroad Company and it may be said that to liim more than to any other man is the city of Canton indebted for the remarkable Indus- 11/8 OLD LANDMARKS trial growth which marked its history during the period of his residence. He was actively interested in nearly every industrial enterprise and gave to those with which he was not di- rectly connected his sanction and, when neces- sary, liberal financial encouragement. Without invidious distinction, Mr. Cook was pre-eminently one of Ohio's most enter- prising and public spirited men of affairs. In every walk of life his aim was to do his Avhole duty and the people of Canton and .Stark coun- ty felt justly proud of him as a high minded citizen and useful member of society. While giving personal attention to his large and varied business interests and discharging con- scientiously all the duties of citizenship, he found time amid all these claims to devote to the higher duties growing out of man's rela- tion to his fellow man and to his Creator. He prospered greatly in worldly things and gave largely of his wealth for the founding of and fostering of worthy institutions, secular and re- ligious, besides expending in private charities sums which t-o the majority of people would be independent fortunes. His benevolent spirit was practically unbounded in the extent of his benefactions and the vast amount of good which he accomplished through the medium of his wealth will only be fully known in that day when the books are open and every man rewarded according to his deeds. Among his many liberal donations the following are cited as specific instances, to-wit : Thirty thousand dollars for the erection of the beautiful Baptist church building in Canton, which for years to come will stand as a monument to his generos- ity and Christian manhood ; the sum of twelve thousand dollars to Dennison University at Granville, of which he was for some years a trustee, besides liberal endowments to other public institutions, while his private benefac- tions to different benevolent and charitable en- terprises as well as to individuals are said to have exceeded the sum of one hundred thou- sand dollars. Religiously, Mr. Cook subscribed to the Baptist church faith and two years and a half prior to his death united with the church in the city, donating, as already stated, a large sum towards the erection of its beautiful tem- ple of worship. His was that broad catholic spirit which saw good in all religious move- ments and he supported churches, irrespective of creed, with the liberality which characterized his other efforts in behalf of humanity. Be- lieving that the gospel should be preached to all men throughout the world, he was a liberal patron of missionary societies, especially those under the auspices of his own church, to which he gave large sums from time to time. Mr. Cook had a heart overflowing with love and good will for his kind and he used his ample fortune as a means to elevate humanity and develop a higher standard of citizenship. His greatest delight consisted in making others happy, in carrying sunshine into homes dark- ened by misfortune and bereavement, in bind- ing up wounds received in unequal battles with adversity, in scattering blessings- around him, thus imitating the adage that "It is more blessed to give than to receive." Notwith- standing all of his large wealth and the com- manding position he occupied in the business and social world, Mr. Cook was one of the most modest men, easily accessible to the hum- blest of his fellows and ever ready to lend a listening ear to the cry of need. Politically he was a Republican, but the pressing claims of his business and the nature of his benevolent work prevented him from taking a very active interest in party affairs. Believing that a good name was more to be desired than riches or public distinction, and with no ambition for official station, he was governed from his youth bv those fixed principles of honor and rectitude which through life stamped him as an honest CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1179 man. an exemplary citizen, a sincere Christian and a l'cepting two years' residence at Navarre. His death occurred on the loth of April, TS64, at the age of forty-seven years, and his remains lie buried at Sandyville. It is Avorthy of note that his father died at the same age and that with one exception all of his brothers and sisters died between the ages of forty and fifty years. The mother of the sub- ject bore the maiden name of Mary A. Revell and was born in New Philadelphia, Ohio, the house in which she was born standing where the public sciuare now is. Her birth occurred in August, 1823, and she is the daughter of Thomas C. and Eve (Hiple) Revell. Her father was a native of England and came to this country some time prior to 1827, Masonic records showing that he paid dues in his lodge in that year. He located in New Philadelphia, Ohio, where he was employed at his trade, that of contracting and building. After a residence there of some years, he contracted that dread disease, consumption, and Ijecame convinced that by going back to England he might re- cover. His daughter, the subject's mother, intended accompanying him. but prior to his departure her mother induced her to remain here. The father was in very poor physical condition when he embarked and on reaching Liverpool he v.role back to his wife, announc- ing his arrival and his frail condition. This was the last heard of him for seven vears. and his wife thinking him dead, mar- ried William Fisher. Subsequently, when she was on her death bed, her first husband returned, but, while he wished to show affection for the dying woman, the second husband would not allow it. Mr. Revell claimed that he had been captured and held a prisoner by pirates, thus explaining his long silence. .Some years afterward he was again married. Lie built the first court house! in New Philadelphia and for many years was one of the prominent builders of that section of the state. He finally succumbed to his old ailment, consumption. Grandmother Eve Lliple was a nati\e of Pennsylvania and accompanied her parents upon their removal to Stark county about 1 81 5, they locating in Pike township. Franklin R. Yarger, the subject proper, was born in Sandyville, Tuscarawas county, Ohio, February 2, 1S42. Of the seven children born to his parents, but four now survive besides himself, namely : Mary E., the wife of Warren L. Umstead, of Pike township, this county; Oliver H. P., of Canton township, this county; Irene, the wife of George Capes, of Cleveland, and John E.,of Canton. The subject was reared at home and received such education as was obtainable in the common schools of the neigh- borhood. From his twelfth year he was com- pelled to look largely after his own interests and he worked for neighboring farmers and at whatever he could find to do. In the midst of his strenuous struggle to eke out an existence the tocsin of war was sounded throughout the land and the subject hastened to offer his serv- ices to assist in the preservation of the national integrity. On the 5th of June, i86r, he enlisted in Company D, Fourth Regiment Ohio Volun- teer Infantiy, and served valiantly in the de- fense of Old Glory until his final discharge, June 21, 1864, at Columbus, Ohio. He took part in all the battles and marches in which his regiment participated and bravely bore his part of the hardships and privations which fell to I200 OLD LANDMARKS the lot of the brave sons of the North in that dire struggle. Among the battles in which he participated were Gettysburg, Mine Run, Fred- ricksburg, Chancellorsville, the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor and many minor engagements. The history of the Fourth Ohio Regiment is a notable one and in- cludes the record of sixty-nine battles and skir- mishes. The subject did not go through the con- flict unscathed, being wounded at the battle of Hanover Junction, and again wounded during the continuance of this fight on the folbwing day. in the battle of Cold Harbor Mr. Yarger was badly wounded in the back of the head and was put into a baggage wagon and carried eigh- teen miles. There were six other wounded soldiers in the conveyance and two of them died as a direct result of the rough jolting on the way. Mr. Yarger's time of enlistment expir- ing two days later, he was placed on a boat and taken home. His wound proved to be a severe one and he has not altogether re- covered from its efifects, the nerves of his right side having been slightly paralyzed ever since. As soon as he was so far recovered as to be able to do so, Mr,. Yarger married and settled on a farm belonging to his mother-in-law and at once entered upon his career as a farmer. After the death of his mother-in-law, in 1890, the estate was settled and the subject and his wife acquired possession of the farm, compris- ing one hundred and ninety-five acres of splen- did farming land. Prior to this time Mr. Yar- ger had purchased two pieces of land, twenty acres lieing bought in 1875 and a like amount in 18S1. in 1899 he bought thirty-eight acres of land lying across the road from the home farm and thus he has come into possession of some of the finest agricultural property in the county. On the 25th of May, 1865, Mr. Yarger was united in marriage with Miss Rebecca Rein- hart, a native of Sandy township. Stark coun- ty, the daughter of Valentine Reinhart, her birth having occurred in the house in which she now lives. Her father was a native of Penn- sylvania, but when a child was brought by his parents to Ohio, they being among its earliest settlers. To the union of Mr. and Mrs. Yar- ger were born five children, of whom three sur- vive, as follows : George M. farms one of his father's tracts ; William E. cultivates the home farm, and Mary K., who is the wife of John W. Bartholomew, of Cleveland. In politics the subject is a firm and uncompromising Republi- can, while fraternally he is a member of Sandy Valley Post No. 433, Grand Army of the Re- public, of which he was at one time comman- der. His religious principles are embodied in the creed of the English Lutheran church, of which he has long been a faithful and consis- tent member. MASSILLON STATE HOSPITAL FOR INSANE. By Helena Ricks Slusser, The law authorizing the establishment of an additional hospital for insane in the state of Ohio was passed March 31, 1892. There- upon a committee, consisting of Dr. A. B. Richardson, George R. Davis and Dr. C. W. King, was appointed to select a site. After visiting different localities, the commission chose the beautiful location .south of Massillon. The ground was a gift of the citizens of Mas- illon to the state of Ohio, and consisted of two hundred and forty acres. The state has added one hundred and sixty acres by purchase. In December, 1892, Governor McKinley appoint- ed a building board, composed of Robert Sher- rard, S. J. McMahon, W. H. Mullen, Dr. A. B. Richardson and Dr. H. C. Eyman. This board was, in the same month, organized by the elec- tion of Robert Sherrard as president, S. J. Mc- Mahon, vice-president, and Dr. A. B. Richard- son, secretary. Plans for building were sub- mitted by Yost & Packard, with F. L. Packard WOMEN'S HOSPITAL BUILDING. WILLIAM McKINLEY HALL. M a; w > CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. I201 as supervising" architect. The early part of 1893 '^^'is spent by the board in visiting insti- tutions, comparing and perfecting plans. The first contract was let in August, 1893', and building- commenced in September of the same year. Dr. A. B. Richardson was elected sup- erintendent in May, 1898. After months of arduous labor in directing the details of com- pleting the four buildmgs under contract, and furnishing the same, the patients belonging to this district, in the hospitals at Columbus, To- ledo and Cleveland, numbering three hundred and thirty, were brought to their new, attrac- tive home. The opening reception took place September 6, 1898. October 15, 1899, Dr. Richardson received the appointment as superintendent of St. Eliza- beth's Hospital, Washington, D. C, and his de- parture was a source of regret to all. He was a distinguished alienist, a conscientious worker and a genial. Christian gentleman. It was the good fortune of the board of trustees to secure so worthy a successor to Dr. Richardson as Dr. H. C. Eyman, a man of experience, ability and enthusiasm for the work, who took charge No- vember I, 1899. At this writing twenty-one buildings have been completed and occupied, eleven for patients, nine forming the domestic group, and one large auditorium, named Will- iam McKinley Hall, dedicated to the memory of Ohio and Stark county's most illustrious son. The present capacity is for nine hundred and sixty patients. There is one large dining room for all the inmates able to leave their re- spective buildings. The room is light and airy, the floors and wainscoting of marble, and in ev- ery way constructed with a view to durability and sanitary conditions. The cottages are built after the style of the French-Swiss chateau, with large sun parlors and extensive porches added. A new hospital building for the care of the acute insane will be built on the brow of the hill to the extreme south. This building will be so arranged that the patients with suicidal 75 tendencies will be cared for on the first floor, having their dormitory or sleeping room ad- joining their sitting room. They will also have their dining room on the same floor. The acute- ly excited patients will be given separate sleep- ing rooms, a separate sitting room, bath room and dining room. There will also be a large dining room on the first floor for patients al- most well enough to be transferred to cottages. On the second floor a large dormitory and sun room will be devoted to the care of the acute physically ill and bedridden patients. The cen- tral portion of the building will be carried up three stories in height. On the third floor there will be an operating room, with amphitheatre for training school and other students, an anaes- thetizing room and a recovering room. There will also be four rooms built, in as nearly as perfectly sanitary manner as possible, for the purpose of isolating patients with contagious diseases. On the first floor there will also be reception rooms and examination rooms. Hy- drotherapy and electrotheraphy will be special features. Under the instructions of a landscape gar- dener, the grounds have been beautifully laid out, and artificial lakes, ornamental trees and flowers abound. Base ball grounds and tennis courts have been prepared for use of patients. Each year, as appropriations are made, cot- tages will be added until the institution will probably be the largest in the United States. Dr. Eyman was the first superintendent in Ohio to establish a training school for nurses. The course is the same as in regular institutions, comprising two years, followed by examina- tions, with granting of diplomas. The ability to obtain this instruction, free of cost, at hours not interfering with their duties, attracts a far better class of men and women for this very important part of hospital work, and raises the service from an almost menial to a skilled employment. A weekly medical society of the physicians I202 OLD LANDMARKS is held under the supervision of the superin- tendent. Weekly dancing parties, concerts, lec- tures, stereopticon views and theatricals are giv- en for entertainment of patients. An experi- ment of Dr. Eyman's, "The Monday Even- ings at Home" for the patients in McKinley Hall, has been a great success. A stroll through, the grounds on a pleasant summer evening is a source of great delight. The porches, sun parlors and grounds are filled with tidy, order- ly people. Games of ball and tennis in prog- ress, giving the place more the aspect of a re- sort for summer visitors than a hospital for in- sane. The only fitting attitude of mind in re- sponse to such a cheerful sight is one of prayer, in thankfuhiess for the privilege of living in these latter days of enlightened humanity, when insanity is no longer considered a crime to be punished with chains in prison cells, but a dis- ease requiring the highest medical skill with the best environment. ROBERT B. HAMILTON is a native of New York state, having been born in New York city on the I'oth of October, 1829. He is the son of Robert and Finniah (Henry) Ham- ilton, of whose nine children but six now sur- vive, namely : The subject ; Cordelia, the widow of Alexander F. Atwell, late of Waynesburg; Adaline, the wife of John E. W'ilson, of Waynesburg; Finniah, the widow of the late B. F. Taylor, of Augusta, Ken- tucky; Alecia, widow of the late J. C. Rogers, of Waynesburg, and Edward H., of Waynes- liurg. Roliert Hamilton was a native of the Emerald Isle, having been born in the county of Donegal, Ireland, in 1795. In 1814 he was brought to the United States by his parents, two brothers also accompanying them. They located in New York city, where Robert learned the trade of morocco dressing". He was married while living in that city and in 1830, with his wife and the subject of. this sketch, came to Stark county, Ohio. He pur- chased one hundred and sixty acres of land in Sandy township, two miles northwest of Waynesburg, where for a time the family re- sided. In 1838 he rented a farm near Waynes- burg and removed to it and about the same time opened a hotel at that place, the hostelry being still run under the name of the Hamilton House. The house soon gained a well de- served popularity and Mr. Hamilton continued its management until his death, August 31, 1876. He was widely known over a wide sec- tion of counti-y and was universally esteemed. In politics he was a Democrat and in religion a Presbyterian. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Finniah Henry, was born in Wilming- ton, Delaware, and was of Irish extraction. She was possessed of marked intelligence and strength of character and at the time of her death, which occurred three years subsequent to that of her husband, she was widely mourned by a large circle of friends. The subject of this sketch was reared under the parental roof and early acquired habits of industry, his parents instilling in him right principles of thought and action. He was in- debted to the common schools for his educa- tion. He was possessed of ambition and an energetic disposition and at an early age of twelve years he worked in the harvest fields, raking the grain and carrying the sheaves. Upon attaining maturer years he learned the trade of wagon and buggy making, at which he worked steadily for a number of years. At the age of about twenty-five years he began contracting, building a number of bridges in this section of the country and also constructing many of the locks on the Sandy and Beaver canal. In coimection with his other enter- prises, he also did considerable carpentering and house building. From 1864 until 1874 Mr. Hamilton engaged in the mercantile busi- ness in the building now occupied by Blythe & Newkirk. During these years he was also en- COTTAGE "C" SUPERINTENDENT'S RESIDENCE. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 1203 gaged in the manufacture of brick. The mer- cantile venture was unfortunate, however, and Mr. Hamilton lost in that enterprise much of his wealth. Of recent years he lived a retired life, maintaining his residence at Waynesburg, running a farm situated just east of the city. On the 30th of March, 1858, Mr. Hamil- ton was united in marriage with Miss Usher Robertson, a native of Carroll county and the daughter of James and Jane (Nelson) Rob- ertson, both natives of Ireland. Her parents, upon their emigration to this country, first set- tled in Pennsylvania, but later came to Carroll county, where they resided until their deaths. Mrs. Hamilton is a graduate of the Canton Fe- male Seminary and is in every way a highly cultured lady. To Mr. and Mrs. Hamilton ha\-e been born six children, namely: James R., who lives in Oklahoma; Jane N. is the wife of R. T. Hawke, of Carroll county; Cora is an instructor in the commercial department of the Canton high school; Minnie M. is at home; Alexander lives in Oklahoma and Finniah is at home. In politics the subject is a Demo- crat and has been honored by the electors of his township with the oflices of trustee and treas- urer, serving two terms in the first named po- sition. He was also for several years a mem- ber of the school board. Religiously he is a member of the Presbyterian church and does all in his power for the advancement of the interests of the organization to which he be- longs. His faternal affiliation is with the Free and Accepted Masons, he holding mem- bership in Massillon Commandery No. 4. In every walk of life he is widely respected as a courteous, kind-hearted and generous man of perfect integrity and pure moral worth. T. F. WILLIAMS, the wholesale and re- tail butcher and grain merchant of Waynes- burg, Stark county, Ohio, was born in Rose township, Carroll county, this state, on the 14th of September, 1854, and is the son of John W. and Elizabeth (Mclrvin) Williams. The father was also born in Rose township, Carroll county, the son of Levi Williams, the date of his birth being the year 1832. John W. ^Villiams was reared upon the parental home- stead and upon attaining manhood was given control of the farm, comprising one hundred and sixty acres, of which he later acquired sole possession. He resided upon that place until about 1885, when he sold it and removed to Mineral Point, where he resided for two or three years. He then located in Sandyville, but two or three years later removed to Waynesburg, which place has since been his home. For the past five years he has been in the employ of the subject in the latter's grain elevator. He is a Republican in politics and in religion affiliates with the Methodist Epis- copal church. He has been for many years quite active in church work and has held var- ious offices in the societies with which he has been connected. Mrs. Elizabeth Williams was born in Tuscarawas county, this state, in 1831, receiving a fair education and has proven to her husband a helpmate in the truest sense of the term. In the spring of 1902 Mr. and Mrs. Williams celebrated the g'olden anniversary of their wedding, a very enjoyable occasion for them and the many friends who gathered to offer congratulations. They became the par- ents of nine children, of whom the following named survive: T. F., the subject; Mary, the wife of Marshall Brown, who resides in Mis- sissippi ; Sarah, who is single and resides at home ; Minnie is the wife of R. I. Stemple, of Waynesburg; Grant lives in Blue Fields, Nic- aragua; William is engaged in the theatrical business. T. F. Williams remained at home during the years of his minority, in the meantime ac- quiring a 'good practical education in the com- mon schools of his neighborhood. At the age of twenty-one years he began his indepen- I204 OLD LANDMARKS dent career as a farmer, renting land until 1884. In that year he came to Waynesburg and en- gaged in the grain business, buying the elevator at this place. He was very successful in his new enterprise and because of his many sterl- ing qualities of character soon won not only a remunerative patronage, but that which he values still more highly, the esteem and con- fidence of those with whom he was thrown in contact. In 1898 Mr. Williams acquired an interest in the Waynesburg Buggy Company, with which he was identified about three years, severing his connection therewith in 1901. In 1900 the subject purchased the butcher shop in Waynesburg and was engaged in the whole- sale and retail meat business. He butchered for the custom trade of the adjacent country and also catered to the Waynesburg trade. He has intrenched himself strongly in the good will of his fellow citizens and has been given a well deserved recognition as one of the leading business men of his city. In 1877 Mr. Williams was united in mar- riage with Miss Margaret Mowls, a native of Carroll county, and the daughter of M. M. IMowls, a retired citizen of Waynesburg. This union has been a happy and felicitous one and has been blessed by the birth of the following children: Pearl E., a teacher; Roy F., Eva M., Ralph, Ray, Dean and Paul, all of whom are at home, and one deceased. Mr. Williams maintains a fraternal relation with Tent No. 29, Knights of the Maccabees, and takes deep interest in the work of that society. In poli- tics he is a Republican and for. a number of )'ears has been one of the most influential and active party workers in this township. He has been honored by his party by election to the of- fice of township treasurer, holding the office for two terms and discharging its duties in an eminently satisfactory manner. He has on many occasions served as a delegate to the county and state conventions of his party and for, several years was a member of the central committee. At the present time he is serving as a member of the board of directors of the Stark county work house. Religiously Mr. Williams has for many years been a faithful and consistent member of the Methodist Epis- copal church and has been active in advancing the cause of the Master. In the local society to which he belongs he has for years held of- ficial station and is at present the efficient super- intentlent of the Sunday school. During the past sixteen years Mr. Williams has missed but three sessions of the Sunday school, a record of which he certainly has just reason to be proud. He is one of the public spirited citi- zens of his community, always ready to contri- bute in any way possible to its improvement. HARMON ANTHONY was born on a farm in Osnaburg township, Stark county, Ohio, on the 23d of August, 1861, being a son- of Josiah and Lucinda (Baughman) Anthony, of whose ten children all save two are still liv- ing, namely : Harmon, the immediate subject of this sketch: Edwin, a farmer of. Osnaburg township; John, a resident of Hancock county, this state ; Levi, also engaged in farming in Osnaburg township; Orrin, who remains on the old homestead; Minerva, who is the wife of Rufus Zartman. of Osnaburg township; Ella, who is the wife of William H. Chenot, ]3rincipal of the public schools of Hartville, this county ; and Ida, who is the wife of Herbert Starkey, of Osnaburg township. Josiah An- thony likewise was born in Osnaburg township, near the farm upon which he now resides, the year of his nativit}^ having been 1836, his father, John Anthony, having come to Stark county from Pennsylvania and having been numbered among the early settlers in Osnaburg township, where he reclaimed land and con- tinued to be engaged in agricultural pursuits until his death. The father of our subject was reared and educated in his native township,. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1205 growing up on the farm, and while a young man he learned the carpenter's trade, which he followed as a vocation for a number of years. Soon after his marriage he purchased and re- moved to his present home farm, in Osnaburg township, where he has ever since resided, and he has gained recognition as being one of the most progressive and influential farmers in this section, while his efforts, directed with excel- lent judgment and marked energy, have been attended with a due measure of success. His home farm comprises one hundred and twenty acres, and a short distance to the east of the same he owns an additional thirty acres, while he also has a valuable farm of one hundred and sixty acres in Hancock county, this state, and residence property in the city of Canton. He lias been a stanch adherent of the Republican party practically from the time of its organi- zation, and has served as township trustee and been accorded other marks of public confidence and esteem. He and his wife are active and valued memters of the Reformed church and are numbered among the honored pioneer citi- zens of Osnaburg township. Harmon Anthony was reared principally on the homestead farm and received in his youth such educational advantages as were afforded by the public schools of the locality, later sup- plementing this discipline by one term of study in the state normal school at Ada, learning the trade of telegraphing, at which he was em- ployed in various places up to the year 1887, when he was appointed to his present position as station agent and operator at Robertsville, and here he has since given efficient and ac- ceptable service, having the entire confidence of the authorities in charge and being one of the popular citizens of the town. Early in the '90s he engaged in the haixlware and agricul- tural implement business in Robertsville, and continued this enterprise about three years, when he disposed of the same, and later he con- •ducted a meat market for a year and for some time was local agent for various fertilizers. In 1902 he here established a general-merchandise business, having a well equipped store and se- curing a representative patronage, the business being largely assigned to the supervision of his wife and daughter, while his attention is given to his official duties. In politics Mr. Anthony has ever given an unqualified allegiance to the Republican party, and he acted as census enumerator in Paris township in the government census of 1890, while he is now serving his second term as justice of the peace, having been elected on the Republican ticket by a majority of one hundred and seventy-three in a township whose normal political complexion is Democratic by an aver- age of three to one. He and his wife are both members of the Reformed church, in whose work they take a lively interest, and fraternally he is identified with the Junior Order of United American Mechanics, being a member of Ethan Allen Council No. 171, in the village of Paris. On the 25th of April, 1889, Mr. Anthony was united in marriage to Miss Flora A. Bollin- ger, of Robertsville, she being a daughter of David Bollinger, an honored pioneer citizen, and of this unio!i has been born one daughter, Helen, who is one of the popular and attractive young ladies of the community, having received her educational training in the public schools. JOHN V/IESON CRAINE comes of stanch Scotch-Irish lineage, the respective families of the agnatic and cognatic lines having been long established in the north of Ireland and in bonnie auld Scotland, and the name which he bears has been identi- fied with the annals of American history for many generations. His paternal grand- father, John Craine, a saddler by trade and vocation, was one of the pioneers of West- ville, Columbiana county. Ohio, where he died when well advanced in years, as did I206 OLD LANDMARKS also his wife, whose maiden name was Nancy Wilson and who was of stanch Scotch lineage. Samuel i\TcClelland Craine, father of our sub- ject, was born in Wellsville, Columbiana coun- ty, aliout the year 1828, and there received a common school education, so availing himself of the advantages afforded as to become eli- gible for successful work as a teacher in the public schools of the locality. A man of fine - mentality and marked ambition, he early made definite plans for his future life work, taking up the study of law and in due time being ad- mitted to tlie bar of his native state, within whose province he has ever since continued in active practice. In politics he was originally a Whig, ]'/Ut at the time of the organization of the Republican party he transferred his alle- giance to the same and has ever since continued an earnest and able advocate of its cause. In Washington county, Pennsylvania, was born the mother of the subject, her maiden name having been Elizabeth H. Hoft, and she was a resident of Canonsburg, that county, at the time of her marriage, her father, John Hoft, having been an influential farmer of that section of the Keystone state and an avowed Covenanter. She is now about seventy-six years of age and is a woman of gracious pres- ence, a strict Presbyterian and one who has the affectionate regard of all who know her. Samuel and Elizabeth H. Craine are the par- ents of four children, concerning whom we offer the following brief data : Agnes remains at the parental home; John W., subject of this review, was the next in order of birth ; Annie is the wife of Charles M. Watson and they re- side in the city of Cleveland ; and Maude is the wife of Frank M. Graham, of Clay Center, Clay county, Kansas. John \Y. Craine was born in the town of Wellsville, Columbiana county, Ohio, on the 5th of March, 1859, and when he was a child of one year his parents removed to Carrollton, Carroll countv. this state, where he was reared to the age of ten years, securing his preliminary educational discipline in the public schools of that town, while it may be noted that his first teacher was Judge Thomas T. McCarty, now a representative member of the bar of Canton and incumbent of the office of judge of the common pleas court for a number of years. V.Hien the subject was eleven years of age his mother removed to Smith's Ferry, Columbiana county, this state, and shortly afterwards to Leetonia, Columbiana county, where she has since maintained her home. There he contin- ued to attend the public schools until he had attained the age of sixteen years, when he en- tered upon an apprenticeship at the trade of telegraphing", becoming an expert operator and continuing to follow this vocation, at various points, for about a decade. In the meanwhile he also taught school at Canonsburg, Pennsyl- vania, for two years. He had determined to fit himself for a wider field of visefulness than that implied in the following of telegraphy, and he thus worked at his trade for a sufficient in- terval to acrumulate funds adequate to enable him to continue his educational work, and when liis exchequer began to show marks of depletion he would resume work until he had again husbanded his resources. He thus con- tinued his studies for several terms in Mount Union College, near the city of Alliance, this comity, while he also applied himself vigorous- ly and appreciatively to the study of law, pur- chasing the requisite text books and thus apply- ing himself diligently in his otherwise leisure hours. In 1882 he continued his technical reading of the law for five weeks under the preceptorship of Hon. H. W. Harter, of Can- ton, and later was for a time a student under the direction of William C. Pippit, an able member of the bar in the city of Alliance. In 1885, upon examination before the supreme court, Mr. Craine was duly admitted to the bar of the state, thus gaining the desideratum for which he has so faithfully and intelligently CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1207 labored. He forthwith engaged in the prac- tice of his profession in Alliance, and his novi- tiate was of brief duration, si-nce the energy and ability which had led him to apply himself to his technical study with such avidity could scarcely fail to bring him popular recognition and support. He secured a representative clientage in Alliance and there continued in practice until the ist of July, 1899, when he came to Canton, the capital of the county, in order to facilitate the important practice of •which he was in control and also to broaden the field of his endeavors. Here he entered into professional alliance with A. M. McCarty and C. vS. McDowell, under the firm name of Mc- Carty, Craine & McDowell, and they were as- sociated in practice until the ist of December, 1 90 1, when the present firm of Craine & Sny- der was organized, the able coadjutor of our subject being Jacob B. Snyder, while the firm is recognized as one of the strong legal concerns of the county, retaining an important clientele and having to do with much of the litigation in the county and state courts, while the repu- tation gained by our subject both as an advo- cate and counselor is high and is based upon his thorough knowledge of the science of juris- prudence and his facility in applying that knowledge. In politics Mr. Craine accords an un- qualilied allegiance to the Republican party. having cast his first presidential vote in support of the "plumed knight" and eminent statesman, the late James G. Blaine, while he has been an effective advocate of the principles and policies of the party. While a resident of Alliance he served two terms as city solicitor, as a member of the ciiy council one term and two terms as a member of the board of education. Frater- nally he is identified with the Masonic order, being affiliated with Canton Lodge No. 60, Canton Chapter No. 84, and Canton Com- mandry No. 38, Knights Templar, and his re- ligious views are in harmony with the faith of the Presbyterian church, of which he and his w ife are attendants, she being a member of the same. In the city of Alliance, on the 15th of Feb- ruary, 1895, Mr. Craine was united in marriage to Miss Lida G. Graff, a daughter of Matthew- Graff, a well-known citizen of that place, and of this union has been born one child, Henlen. JAMES W. CARNES was born in Pike township. Stark county, Ohio, on the 13th of May, 1853, the son of James and Jane (Bech- tel) Carnes. The latter were the parents of seven children, all of whom are living at thi.s date. Their names are as follows : John W. is a painter and resides in Canton, Ohio; Katie A. is the wife of John H. Yarger, of Sparta, this state; Almina is the wife of A. D. Weaver, of Canton ; Flora is the wife of D. F. Lash, of Bolivar, Ohio; the subject is ne.xt in the order of birth; Margaret is a widow and resides in Bolivar, Ohio ; Joseph is a blacksmith and re- sides in Minerva, this county. The subject's paternal grandfather, John- Carnes, was a na- tive of Ireland, as was his wife, but they emi- grated to the United States and became early settlers of Pike township, this county. He was a very successful farmer and succeeded in ac- quiring eleven hundred acres of land all in one strip, the land lying partly in Pike and partly in Sandy township. James Car,nes-was born in Pike township in 1823, his birth occurring in the same house in. which occurred the birth of the subject. Fle was reared upon the paternal homestead and at the time of his marriage he acquired the old homestead as a marriage gift from his father. When a boy he was afflicted with white swelling which crippled him per- manently, but aside from this he was strong and sturdy in physique. In early life he took a great interest in live stock and dealt quite ex- tensively in various lines of stock, driving the animals over the mountains' to the eastern mar- I208 OLD LANDMARKS kets. Through his deahngs he became very well acquainted and it was said that he was per- sonally known to almost every man, woman and child within a radius of twenty-five miles of his home. He became the owner of about two hundred acres of good land and in con- nection with his stock business he gave much attention to his farming interests. He was a liberal and kind-hearted to a favdt in his rela- tions with his friends. A stanch Republican in politics and wielding a wide influence for his l^arty, yet he never sought nor desired public office of any nature. During the Civil war he contributed largely from his own means to- wards buying substitutes to take the places of friends who had been drafted for military ser- vice. He was not a member of any church, but was a regular attendant upon divine ser- vices and lived a quiet and consistent Christian life, contributing liberally to church work and to all charitable objects. His death occurred when he was fifty-five years old. His wife was born in Pike township about 1820, and w^as of German ancestry, her parents being among the early settlers of Pike township, having come probably from Pennsyh-ania. ]\Irs. Carnes died at the age of se\-ent}'-eight years, beloveil and respected by all who knew her. James W. Carnes was reared under the parental roof and received such education as was afforded in the common schools of the period. He early exhibited habits of industry and freciucntly when not otherwise employed worked io\- neighboring farmers. At the age of twenty years he left the parental roof and be- gan life's battle on his own account, being em- ployed as a farm hand up to 1892. That year he went into mercantile business, opening a stove and tinware store, and in connection therewith did a regular tinning business, doing- roofing, spouting, furnace work, etc. He has been very successful in his various ventures and is today accounted one of the most pro- gressive and enterprising citizens of Waynes- burg. In 1888 Mr. Carnes was united in marriage \vith Miss Rebecca Norman, of Steubenville, Ohio. JMrs. Carnes is an amiable antl agree- al)le lady and has succeeded in winning for, herself a host of warm and loyal friends in the city of her adoption. The subject is a Repub- lican in politics and was recently elected to the town council, but declined to serve. Relig- iously he is affiliated with the Methodist Epis- copal church and takes deep interest in all move- ments having for their object the advancement of the moral or educational advancement of the community. As the architect of his own for- tune he has builded wisely and \vell and the success that crowns his efforts is justly merited. LOUIS SCHAEFER.— Among the citi- zens of Canton who by a long and useful ca- reer left the impress of their individuality upon the present generations was the late Louis Schaefer, who for over half a century was clearly identified with the growth of the city and its institutions, and who ever stood for the l)est interests of the community in all things. Mr. Schaefer was a native of the department of the Moselle, France, where he was born December 25, 1815, the son of Phillip and Eliz- abeth (Loehr) Schaefer. He received his edu- cation principally at the schools of his native place, this training being supplemented by val- uable instruction received from his father, who was a man of fine education and a teacher by profession in early life. In 1830 the family emigrated to America, and soon afterwards came to Stark county, and settled in Osnaburg township, near the present village of Maple-, ton, where Philip, the father, engaged in farm- ing. Subsequently he established a country store at that point, and for many years carried on farming and merchandising jointly. ^r,^ C r -e. y CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1209 Louis Schaefer came to Canton in 1832 and took a position as clerk in the general store of Martin Wikidal, one of Canton's old-time mer- chants. He was a restless and ambitious youth, and after working for Mr. Wikidal a few years decided the vocation of a clerk was too slow for him. All along his ambition had been for the legal profession, which fact he had frequently confided to a fellow clerk in Mr. Wikidal's store, which fellow clerk was John Banner, of Canton, and he finally abandoned merchandising and took up the law by enter- ing the office of Griswold & Grant, of Canton, where he remained as a student until 1842, when he was admitted to practice. He soon took rank among the members of the local bar, not so much as a brilliant lawyer, but rather as a careful, painstaking and thoroughly reliable attorney u hose forte was along the line of com- mercial practice. He also rose rapidly as a pub- lic man and became an influential exponent of the doctrines of Democracy. But he was not an office seeker, by any means. In the fall of 1843 he was tendered, by the friends of the administration of President Tyler the secre- taryship of the American legation at France, which, for valid reasons, he respectfully de- clined. Had he embraced this opportunity to enter diplomatic circles he would no doubt have made his mark, for besides notorial gifts he was a linguist of more than ordinary ability, and besides the English language spoke fluent- ly French and German. In 1866 he was the candidate for congress of the Democrats of the seventeenth district, and was also on the commission sent to Washington City to de- mand the release of Vallandigham. He took an active interest and part in the development of Canton, and was for many years connected with the city council, in which body he was al- ways found working for the good of the entire community. He was also a member of the board of education for a long period, during •which time he devoted much of his time to the welfare of the public school system, of which he was a warm friend. In the establishment of the Canton city water works Mr. Schaefer was the leading active spirit, and to his efforts in this direction alone, if in no other, the people owe a debt of gratitude. He was also active m securing the passage of the bill authorizing county commissioners to build court houses, and the Stark county court house was the first one erected under the provisions of that law, he being a member of the board of county com- missioners at that time. He was instrumental in the establishment of several important in- dustrial enterprises in Canton, among them the Dueber Watch Manufacturing Company, in the bringing of which to Canton he was prob- ably more influential than any other one man. He was also active in bringing the Dueber Soap Manufacturing Company to Canton. In May, 1849, Mr. Schaefer was married to Catherine Anna, the daughter of the Rev. Stephen A. Mealy, of Savannah, Georgia, who was an estimable lady of more than ordinary intelligence and accomplishments. She died August 17, 1879. having been the mother of the following children: Louis M., who was educated at Kenyon College, took up the study of law and was admitted to the bar in 1877. His death occurred May 31, 1890. Mary E. married William R. Day. secretary of state during the first administration of President Mc- Kinley, and at present an associate justice of the L'nited States supreme court by appoint- ment of President Roosevelt. Alice L. died in 1874, aged twenty-one years. In 1882 Mr. Schaefer was again married, his second wife being Miss Helen E. Conger, of Millersburg, who survives him. Mr. Schaefer was a man of the strictest in- tegrity, of great energy and very enterprising. He was an excellent lawyer, a good business man and an admirable citizen. He was warm- hearted and generous, but at the same time was impulsive, impetuous and quick-tempered. I2IO OLD LANDMARKS but like all men possessed of those char- acteristics was a warm and steadfast friend and companion. He did much for Canton in many ways, and probably no man is better re- membered today or his memoi"y revered more than is his, among those who came in contact with him during his busy life. He died No- vember 12, 18S9. PHILIP ELSASS is a native son of the old Buckeye state, having been born in Piqua on the 13th of June, 1855. He is one of seven children torn to Christian and Christina (Engle) Elsass, of whom but three survive, George W., of Waynesburg, this state; Sarah, the wife of David Muckley, of Sandy township, this county, and the subject. Christian Elsass was a native of Alsace Loraine, Germany, hav- ing been born in 1825. Early in life he learned the trade of shoemaking and in young manhood came to the United States. Coming at once to Ohio, he located at Waynesburg, where he was employed by a cousin, Peter Elsass. After a short residence here he returned to his native country, but a short time afterwards again came to Waynesburg, where he was shortly afterward married. Soon after this interesting event he removed to Piqua, this state, where for a few years he was employed at his trade. About 1857 he returned to Waynesburg, and there spent the remainder of his life, his death occurring there in September, 1894. He was in poor financial condition upon his arrival in the new world, but by dint of steady persever- ance and rigid economy he amassed a comfort- able competence, and also won that which is of far more value, the respect and confidence of those who knew him. He was a firm Demo- crat in his political proclivities, but took no very active part in public affairs. , Religiously he was connected with the Evangelical Luth- eran church and lived faithfully in accordance with the teachings of the Holy Writ. His wife, who in her maidenhood bore the name of Christina Engle, was also a native of Alsace Loraine. Germany, and was born in 1823. \Vhen but a young lady she accompanied her parents; upon their immagration to the new world and was here united in marriage to the father of the subject. SJie was of marked in- telligence and sterling character and was be- loved by all who knew her. Her death oc- curred Eebruary 2, 1902. Philip Elsass, the immediate subject, was reared under the parental roof and acquired a fair education in the common schools. At the early age of fifteen years he went to work at the bench in his father's shoe shop and soon acquired a thorough practical knowledge of the trade, which served him well in later years. He continued so employed until 1877, after which time only the winters were so employed, the summers being spent at carpentering. In 1886 Mr. Elsass engaged in the shoe business in Waynesburg, meeting with a marked degree of success. In 1893 he purchased the interest of his deceased brother in the mercantile firm of Beans & Elsass, to which he has since devoted his attention. Since casting his lot with the citizens of Waynesburg Mr. Elsass has won an honorable place in the business circles of the city because of his many excellent qualifica- tions. He is essentially the architect of his own fortune, and his career presents a series of con- tinued advancements until he now occupies a conspicuous place in the front rank of the city's most enterprising and Successful business luen. His name is a synonym for honorable dealing and his record demonstrates the ut- most conformity to the ethics of commercial life. On the 1 6th of March, 1876, Mr. Elsass was united in marriage with Miss Lucinda Gib- ler, of Sandy township, this county, the daugh- ter of Gabriel Gibler, now deceased. To the subject and wife four children have been born, of whom three survive, as follows : Emma L. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 121 I is the Vvife ol' Rev. C. J. Lautenschlager, of Glenford, this state; Sarah F. is the wife of Marion O. Peters, of Steubenville, Ohio, and Mable E., who is still at home. In matters po- litical the subject is liberal, though he possesses Democratic proclivities. He has served the public in several important capacities, having been for two terms a member of the board of councilmen and also for two terms a member of tlie scliool board and for three years a mem- ber of the board of health, being still an in- cumbent of the two offices last named. He is a firm and consistent member of the Lutheran church in which he has held various offices, be- ing at the present time deacon, secretary and treasurer. His time is almost entirely given to his business interests and the excellent con- dition of everything with which he is connected indicates his care and supervision. AARON B. BEANS is a native son of the Old Dominion state, having been born in' Rap- pahannock county, Virginia, on the 12th of February. 1836. Fie is a son of John F. and Almira J. (Hawkins) Beans, of whose six chil- dren four are yet living, namely : Jane H., who is the wife of S. M. Sexton, of Wellsville. Ohio; John W., who is a general contractor in Van Buren county, Iowa ; Mary, who is the wife of James Gibson, of Jones county, Iowa, and Aaron B., who is the immediate subject of this sketch. John F. Beans was born and reared in Virginia, and there he learned the trade of wagon-making, becoming a skilled ar- tisan in the line. In 1844 he removed from his native state to Knoxville, Jefferson county, Ohio, where he was engaged in the work of his trade for the ensuing three years, at the ex- piration of which he removed to New Cumber- land, Tuscarawas county, where he conducted a mercantile business up to the time when the discovery of gold in California led so many valiant argonauts across the weary stretches of plains, enduring innumerable dangers and hardships, to seek the hidden treasures. In March, 1849, he joined the "innumerable cara- van" moving slowly across the continent to the New Eldorado, and he arrived in California in the following September/, six months having been consumed in the perilous journey, the menace from the Indians lieing almost con- stant while enroute. He worked in the placer mines until the winter of 1852-3, having met with the varying success which has ever marked the search for gold, and then he re- turned to his home by the way of the Isthmus of Panama. The following spring he again made the trip across the plains, acting as guide for a party of six others, one of whom was his brother. They proceeded l)y the northern route and passed into Oregon, where all save himself decided to remain, while he went on to San Francisco, where he shortly afterward took passage for home, again making the trip- by the way of the Isthmus rpute and reaching his destination in the winter of 1853-4. In the following spring he purchased a general merchandise store at Norristown, Carroll county, Ohio, where he continued in business- until the close of the war of the Rebellion, when he removed to Van Buren county, Iowa, where hei established himself in the wagon- making business, which he thereafter followed up to the time of his death, which occurred when he was about se\'enty- three years of age. In his early life he was an old-line Whig in his- political proclivities, but during the crucial epoch of the Civil war he was a stanch Union man and he espoused the cause of the Repub- lican party at the time of its organization and thereafter remained an adherent of the same. His religious faith was that of the Methodist Episcopal church, as was also that of his wife, whose death occurred in 1848, at the age of thirty years. William Beans, the paternal grandfather of the subject, was likewise born in Virginia, being a representative of one of its 12 12 OLD LANDMARKS old anfl honored families, and there he passed his entire life, having been a wagonmaker by ■trade and vocation. Aaron V,. Beans received his pneliminary •educational training in his native county in Virginia, and was about eight years of age at the time when the family came to Ohio, which has thus been his home for the major portion of his life. Here he continued to attend the common schools, laying an excellent foundation for lliat bro.'id and practical knowledge which he gained in later years. At the age of eighteen years he became a clerical assistant in his father's store at Norristown, Carroll county, where he gaineil liis initial business experience. He remained in the store until 1858, when he came to Waynesburg, Stark county, where he accqjted a clerkship in the general store con- ducted by the firm of J. Ranne & Company, and here he continued to make his home until the outbreak of the Rebellion, when his intrinsic loyalty and patriotism were noused to respon- sive protest, and scarcely had the smoke of the rebel guns cleared away above the ramparts of old Fort Sumter, ere he tendered his services in defense of a righteous cause. On the 17th of April, 1861, lie enlisted, for a term of three montiis, as a private in Comp;my A, Nineteenth Regiment of Ohio Volunteer Infantry, which was organized in Stark- county. Colonel Samuel Beatty commanding, while the captain of Com- pany A was Charles F. Mandcrson. The regi- ment was assigned to the command of General McClelland in the Army of West Virginia, and actively engaged in the battle of Rich Moun- tain. Mr. Beans received his honorable dis- charge in the latter ])art of August, 1861, at Columbus, Ohio, and then returneil to Waynesburg, where he shortly afterwards en- listed as a member of the home guard, being made fir.st lieutenant of Company I, One Hun- dred and Sixty-second Regiment, John F. May, captain, and Colonel Ball commanding. In 1864, when a call was made for one-hundred- day men, the regiment promptly responded and was sent to Kentucky, where it remained on detached duty, guarding railroads, supplies, etc., until the expiration of the term of enlist- ment, when its members received their honor- able discharges. Mr. Beans then returned once more to Waynesburg, and shortly afterwards he accepted a government position as special of- ficer in the office of the provost marshal at Al- liance, this county. In the suring of 1865 he returned to Waynesburg and became a clerk in the mercantile establishment conducted by the successors of his former employers, J. Renne & Company, and was thus engaged for the en- suing three years. In 1868 he initiated his in- dependent business career by effecting the or- ganization of the firm of A. B. Beans & Com- ]3any, dealers in produce, the enterprise being continued in Waynesburg until the autumn of 187 1, when the partnership was dissolved and the business sold. Our subject thereupon ac- cepted a clerical position in the establishment of Elson & Higley, who were engaged in the general merchandise business in this town, and he remained with this firm until April, 1877, when he associated himself with J. C. Elsass and R. Nctz in the purchase of the Ixisiness of this firm, and operations continued under the title of Beans, El.sass & Netz. In the follow- ing .spring Mn Netz's interest was acquired by the other two members of the firm, and the firm name of Beans & Elsass has been continued up the present time, while the enterprise has grown to be the most im])ortant of the sort in V\'aynesburg, deriving its trade from a wide territory normally tributary to the town. Mr. J. C. Elsass continued to be actively identified with the business until his death, in 1891, as the result r)f an accident, and his widow thereafter maintainec? his interest in the concern until 1893, when she disposed of the same to Philip Elsass, a brother of her late husband, and he has since remained an interested principal in the business. Of the senior member of the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. I 2 13., firm one wlio lias known Iiini long and well has given, the following appreciative estimate : "Mr. Beans has learned the science of success- ful merchandising and his hrm conducts the principal Imsiness of the town. His honor and integrity are as inllexible as the 'laws of the Medes and Persians, which change not,' and no citizen is more worthy of the confidence and esteem of the community in which he has lived and labored to so goodly ends, while it is evi- dent that this objective appreciation of the man is not denied." rolitically Mr. Beans is a stanch adherent of the Republican parly, but he is essentially a business man and has never had any desire for the honoris or emoluments of public office, lie and his wife arc both valued members of the Presliyterian church. On the 2r)th of July, 1862, Mr. Beans was united in marriage to Miss Mary McCauley, of Wellsville, Ohio, and they are the parents of one son, Herbert S., who is now a resident of Waynesburg, Ohio. MADISON W. WADE.— The great ad- vances made in the science anrl art of photog- raphy within the last decade have been almost phenomenal and challenged the admiration of all, while the incidcnlnl \rdue has been of great importance as touching \-arious lines of repro- duction for commercial and amusement cnter- Ijrises, as well as in offering the most beauti- ful effects in art portraiture through the med- ium of the sun's rays. Among those who have introduced new lines of reproduction in the photographic line is Mr. Wade, who is widely known as the founder of the small photographs, or the process of securing several miniature portraits in different positions with but a sin- gle exposure for the securing of six or more photographs in the one position. That is, each plate, with its varying number of expos- ures, will contain many small portraits on the one negative. He now carries on an extensive business under the title of liic Wade Photo Company, and his success is gratifying from the fact that he has gained the same through his own efforts and ability. iM-om a small broclnu'e issued by Mr. Wade we make quota- tions at this point, since the ;niicle tlins pub- lished will afford an idea of the rise of the popular enterprise of which he was the founder. In these 'juotations we shall not follow the ex- act diction and shall eliminate extraneous data, as expediency may suggest, but retain the main points relevant to the subject. "M. W. Wade, the genial ])ro|)rietor of the Wade Photo Company, is the original founder of the small photographs and the attenflant and imporlrmt industry which has l)een built up through the same. In i8g6 Mr. Wade was in the cm])loy of Charles T. Pomeroy, a pro- gressive pho1:ographer of Kansas City, Mis- souri, who had a special camera for copying I)liotf)gra])hs for ;i marriage bureau in th.'it city, and from this camera Mr. Wade conceived the idea of the small photographs, with which he has achieved so much fame and success and de- lighted many thousands of customers. Mr. Wade now has this camera in his possession and woulfl not part with it for many times its orig- inal cost, as it is the first and original camera with which smrdl photographs were popularly and successfully introduced. When he first announced to some of the older and supi^oseilly wiser heads of the profession that with the multiplying principle he had evolved from this camera he could profluce sixteen photographs, in four different ])ositions for twenty-five cents and realize a profit, the general attitude mani- fested was one of incredulity and even ridicule. Ilis generous employer, Mr. Pomeroy, how- ever, realized to a greater extent the possibil- ities involved, and after several months of ex- perimenting gave Mr. Wade a vacation from the Kansas City gallery and furnished equip- ments, finances, etc., for making a practical and thorough test of the new departure in the busi- I2I4 OLD LANDMARKS ness. Accordingly, on the 17th of July, 1897, in Leavenworth, Kansas, Mr. Wade swung his sign to the breeze, 'Sixteen photographs of yourself, four different styles, twenty-five cents.' Thus the small photos were launched, and stranger than fiction reads the story of the growth of the enterprise. Before a background could be arranged a daughter from one of the wealthiest families in town was in front of the camera demanding her picture. She was photographed with the wallpaper for a back- ground. The next customer was a prosperous young farmer who insisted that his name was William McKinley and that he wanted seven sets of those photos. The first day ran thir- teen dollars and Mr. Wade thought his scheme was ruined by the unlucky number. But not so;the next day showed a still livelier trade, and for six weeks an unbroken line of customers filed in front of the camera from morning until night. Being unaccustomed to such constant operating Mr. Wade was physically exhausted at the expiration of this period, and he was compelled to take a rest of ten days in Kansas City, where he opened business in his special line at the end of this interval, turning the same over to IMr. Pomeroy ten weeks later." In the above paragraph is outlined the in- ception of the important and extensive business which Mr. Wade has built up, and it is suf- ficient to say in this connection that his exper- iences in many of the leading cities of Kansas and Colorado in the following months were even more gratifying in the amount of business done and the public enthusiasm aroused. Mr. Wade had in the meanwhile thoroughly in- structed his brother and sister, F. H. and Maude J. \Vade, in the details of the luisiness, and thereafter branch studios were opened in various places. Mr. Wade and his party of six assistants passed three months in Colorado, doing an enormous business, and enjoying the many scenic beauties of that fair common- wealth, and after defraying all expenses for the party he realized a profit of more than nine hundred dollars from his operations during the period mentioned, while he had also accumu- lated seven hundred and fifty dollars' worth of the best diamonds to be found in the markets of Denver. From the pamphlet to which re- course has previously been had, we continue to quote, as follows : "On his return to Kansas City from his triumphal tour, to say that Mr. Wade was made the lion of the hour by his former employer, fellow photographers, pho- tographic stock dealers and acquaintances in general is putting it mildly. All who knew him \\^hen he launched the 'little photos' wished him well, but many doubted the success of the venture. They now bade farewell to their fears. Little photos had become the rage of the west. Photographers far and near were springing into line, as if by magic, and essaying the production of the popular little portraits. Western photographic supply houses which had watched the gr,owing popularity of these pho- tographs with keen interest, began pushing the sale of different styles of cameras for making them, and manufacturers of the same were worked to their utmost capacity supplying the demand. In May, 1899, ^''- Wade removed liis forces from Missouri and commenced opening a circuit of galleries in Ohio, embrac- ing the cities of Cleveland, Akron, Canton, Massillon, Mansfield, New Philadelphia and Coshocton, with headquarters at Canton. This was probably the largest circuit of photograph studios of the kind under one management and ownership in the United States. The business has since been constantly expanding in scope and importance, and Mr. Wade has control of a magnificent enterprise which has been built up solely through his own energy and talent. Lie attributes his phenomenal success principally to the following causes : His prices are within reach of the humblest, his results are good enough for the greatest, and he tries to give value received in every instance. He buys no CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1215 cheap stock with \\hich to execute his work, his materials and accessories being the best the markets afford. His pictures are as permanent as photographic science knows how to make them. In his finishing departments he has the most experienced and competent assistants to be found, regardless of price." Aladison Wright Wade, of whose success- ful career an outline has been given in preced- ing paragraphs and who maintains his resi- dence in Canton at the time of this writing, is a native son of the Buckeye state, having been born in the city of Logan, Hocking" county, Ohio, on the ist of June, 1866. He was there reared to maturity, receiving his early educa- tional discipline in the public schools and there- after attending the Ohio Normal University, at .Ada, Hardin county, where he was a student in the years 38S4-5-6. He put his scholastic acquirements to practical test by teaching in the public schools for a time, and in 1889 he went to Kansas City, Missouri, where he served a thorough apprenticeship in the photographic business in the studio of Mr. Pomeroy, to whom reference has been previously made in this sketch, wdiile his future course has been noted in the preceding portion of this context, so that a recapitulation is not demanded at this juncture. In politics Mr. Wade is stanch ad- herent of the Republican party, in whose cause he takes a lively interest, his first presidential vote having been cast in support of Benjamin Harrison. His religious faith is that of the Methodist Episcopal church, in which he was reared. Mr. Wade is a young man of pleas- ing and genial personality and sturdy physique, and is at yet a single man. Edward Wade, the father of the subject, was born near the city of Altoona, Blair county, Penn.sylvania, where he passed his boyhood days, then coming with his parents to Perry county, Ohio, in which state he has since con- tinued to make his home, having been a resi- dent of Logan. Llocking countv, or its im- mediate \-icinity, for the past forty years. He is the patentee of several proprietory medicines which have long commanded a large sale. His father, Lliram Wade, was a pioneer physician of western Pennsylvania, where he was en- gaged in the j^ractice of his profession for many years, the family having been established in New England in the colonial epoch of our na- tional history and being of stanch English line- age. Hiram Wade was a cousin of Hon. Benjamin E. Wade, the eminent Ohio states- man and lawyer, long a member of the United States senate. The mother of the subject bore the maiden name of Elizabeth Wright, and she was born in Licking county, Ohio, being a daughter of Tranklin Wright, an honored pi- oneer of that section of the state. She died in Logan, in 1884, at the age of forty-four years, and was survived by her nine children, two since dying. She was a devoted member of the Methodist Episcopal church, as is also her husband, and the latten has given his allegiance to the Republican party from practically the time of its inception. ALERED C. GOUDY, M. D., is a native son otthe Buckeye state and a scion of sterling pioneer stock. He was born in Wayne county, Ohio, on the 25th of September, i860, being a son of George W. and Sabina (Zortman) Goudy, both of whom were likewise natives of that county, where their respective parents took up their abode in the early pioneer days. In 1868 the father of the subject removed to Tus- carawas county and located in the town of Ragersville, where he remained until 1882, re- moving to New Philadelphia in 1882. His death occurred on the 3d of November, 1899, at which time he was sixty-four years of age. Lie was a m.iller by trade and vocation and a man of utmost integrity and honor in all the rela- tions of life, while he was endowed with excel- lent business ability and held the unequivocal I2l6 OLD LANDMARKS confidence and esteem of those with whom he came in contact. He was a stanch supporter) of the Democratic party and for many years was an active worker in its ranks, having been incumbent of various offices of pubhc trust and responsibility, including those of township trustee, tow^^ship treasurer and justice of the peace, Avhile in i8Si he was elected sheriff of Tuscarawas county, in which capacity he served two terms, giving a most able and ac- ceptable administration. His father, William Goudy, was a native of the Old Dominion state of Virginia, whither he came to Wayne coun- ty, Ohio, as a pioneer of 1800, and there he passed the remainder of his life, as did also his wife, whose maiden name was Sarah Bates and who was born in Pennsylvania in 1788,. where she was reared and educated. This wor- thy couple became the parents of the following named children : Samuel, James, Isaac, Hen- ry, George W., INIary, Cynthia, Eliza and Tena, and of the number only one is living at the present time. The mother of the sub- ject is still living, maintaining her home in New Philadelphia, Tuscarawas county. She is a de\'oted member of the Baptist church. Of their seven children we enter the following brief record : Martin B., who was born in 1855, is a resident of Kokomo, Indiana; Peter, who was born in 1856, resides in Strasburgh, Ohio; Mary V., who was born in 1859, is now the wife of Isaac Swihart, of Ragersville; Al- fred C. is the immediate subject of this re- view ; Frank E., who was born in 1866, is a resident of New Philadelphia; Charles L., born in 1869, lives in New Philadelphia, and .\lta, born in 1872, is Mrs. William Price. Dr. Goudy was a lad of seven years at the time of his parents' removal to Tuscarawas county, and he was reared to maturity in the town of Ragers\-ille, where he secured his early educational discipline in the public schools, while he promptly formulated definite plans for the future sphere of action, determining to pre- pare himself for the medical profession, for which he early manifested a distinctive pred- ilection. At the age of nineteen years he be- gan his technical reading under the preceptor- ship of Dr. H. J. Peters, of Ragersville, an able and honored physician and one who did much to aid and encourag'e his young student. Dr. Goudy thus continued his studies for a period of three years, after which he was matriculated in that well known and partic- ularly well equipped institution, the Starling Medical College, in the city of Columbus, where he gave hiiuself earnestly to his study and practical clinical work until he had com- pleted the prescribed course, being duly grad- uated. as a member of the class of 1882 and receiving his coveted and well earned degree of Doctor of Medicine. Dr. Goudy forthwith established himself in the practice of his pro- fession in the village of Strassburg, Tusca- rawas county, where he remained until 1888, when he came to his present location, in Beach City, where he has built up a large and rep- resentative practice and where he has gained recognition among his professional confreres and the general public as a thoroughly able and discriminating physician and skillful surgeon, having the equipoise so essential in the time of emergency and e\'er keeping in close touch with the advances made in the various depart- ments of his profession. In addition to the exigent work of his profession the Doctor also conducts a well-ordered drug store, in which he also keeps a select stock of books and sta- tioner3\ and in this mercantile business he con- trols an excellent trade, drawn from the ter- ritory normally tributary to the town. In poli- tics he gives a stanch allegiance to the Demo- cratic party, and while residing in Tuscarawas county he was elected to the office of township clerk, and in Beach City he has been a member of the board of education for the past nine years. He is a member of the Bankers' Fra- ternal Union. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1217 On the 23d of September, 1881, Dr. Goudy was tinited in marriage to Miss Mary R. Eckert, who was born in Tuscarawas county, being a daughter of Frederick and Phoebe F.ckert, her father being a prominent farmer of tliat count} , where she ■\\as reared and edu- cated, being a lady of gracious personahty and marked refinement. Dr. and Mrs. Goudy have four children, namely: Phoebe S., Grover C, Earl E. and James A. The family are prom- inent in the social life of the community and their pleasant home is one in which a gracious hospitality is ever in distinctive evidence. \\'ILLIAM W. CLARK, JR.— He to whom this brief sketch is devoted is a son of that well-known and Iionored citizen and prom- inent business man whose patronymic he bears, \\'ilham W. Clark, Sr., who has manifold capi- talistic interests in Canton and elsewhere, while he is president of the Canton Steel Roofing Company, of which the subject of this review is treasurer. On other pages of this work will be found specific mention of the father and also of the brother of our subject, and in the connection has been given adequate infonua- tion concerning the family history to forefend the necessity of reiterating the statements at this juncture, so that this article may be de- voted entirely to him whose name appears above and who is treasurer of the Canton Steel Roofing Company and known as a young man of alert mentality and. excellent business acu- men, as may be inferred from the responsible position of which he is in tenure. In the family homestead, in West Tusca- rawas street, in the city of Canton, William W. Clark, Jr., was born on the 17th of December, 1880, and after attending the public schools he was entered as a student in that old historic institution, the Phillips Acadeiny, at Exeter, New Hampshire, which he left and entered the army. At the outbreak of the Spanish-Amer- 76 ican war Mr. Clark enlisted in Company I, Eighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, wliich was commanded by Colonel C. V. Hand, while Henry Willis was captain of Company I. Mr. Clark had recei\ed thorough military discipline in the academy mentioned, and this tactical knowledge stood him well in and during his practical efforts as a soldier, his record during the campaign in Cuba being one which was creditable to him and to the state from which he went forth to do battle in a righteous cause. After his return from the war he became a stu- dent in the law department of the Ohio State University, in the capital city of Columbus, and was there graduated as a member of the class of 1902, though he has never engaged in the active practice of the profession for which he has thus qualified himself. He became iden- tified with the Canton Steel Roofing Company in a clerical capacity, and in January, 1903,. was elected treasurer, in which office he is rendering excellent service. In ])olitics he is a Reptiblican, while he is distinctively popular in both the business and social circles of his na- tive city and is a worthy representative of the name he bears. NORMAN REESE was bom in the vil- lage of Freeburg, this county, on the 24th of December, 1852, being a son of Edward and Emeline (Shidler) Reese, of whose eleven chil- dren the following named nine still survive: Norman, the immediate subject of this sketch; Harmon, who resides at North Georgetown, Columbiana county ; Edward H., who is a resi- dent of Freeburg, Stark county; John, who is a successful farmer of Paris township; Laura, who is the wife of Samuel Stafifer, of Free- burg; Emma, who is the wife of Wilson Hart- zel, of Freeburg; Ada, who is the wife of Cal- vin Aultman, of Alliance, this county ; Nancy, who is the wife of John Irwin, of Freeburg; and Ella, who is the wife of Ellard Hoppis, of I2l8 OLD LANDMARKS Alliance. The father of our subject was born in Washington township, Stark county, in the year 1S34, being a son of George Reese, who was a native of Pennsylvania and of stanch German lineage, the family having been founded in the Keystone state at an early epoch of its history. In the early pioneer days in Stark county George Reese came hither from his native state and settled on a tract of heavily timbered land in Washington township, eventu- ally reclaiming a goodly portion of the same and developmg a good farm, upon which both he and his wife passed the remainder of their lives. On this pioneer homestead on which he was born Edward Reese was reared to matun- tv, and after his marriage he settled on a farm adjoining the homestead, renting the same for a few years and then purchasing the place, which comprised eighty acres. He later pur chased thirteen acres lying contiguous, thus making the area of his farm ninety-three acres. Here he improved one of the valuable farms of tlie county and became known as a progres- sive and successful business man and a public- spirited citizen, and he has ever held the im- plicit confidence and esteem of all who know him. About i8g6 he sold his farm to his son- in-law, Samuel Staffer, and then purchased a residence in the pleasant village of Home- worth, where he has since lived retired from active business. In politics he is a stanch Re- publican, and for several years he served as trustee of Washington township, while he has long been an active and zealous member of the German Baptist church, of which his wife like- wise was a devoted adherent. She was born in Paris township, this county, being a daugh- ter of David Shidler, who was one of the early settlers there, whither he emigrated from Pennsylvania. The devoted and loved wife and mother was summoned into eternal rest in 1 89 1, at the age of fifty-six years. Norman Reese was reared to the sturdy discipline of the homestead farm, and to the public schools of the neighborhood he is in- debted for the early educational advantages which fell to his portion, while he supple- mented this training by a course in the com- mercial department of Mount Union College, near the city of Alliance. He continued to as- sist his father in the management and work of the homestead farm up to the time of his mar- riage, in 1880, when he removed to the state of Michigan, where he remained about eighteen months, ha^/ing devoted his attention to teach- ing and other occupations while in the Wol- verine state. At the expiration of the period noted be returned to Stark county and settled on the paternal homestead, which he operated on shares for the ensuing three years, at the expiration of which, in 1886, he took up his residence in the village of Robertsville, where he established himself in the general merchan- dising business, in which he has ever since suc- cessfully continued, carrying a select and com- prehensive stock of goods and catering to a discriminating and representative patronage. He has long been interested in pomolog\', and for the past six years has devoted special at- tention to the raising of fine fruits, utilizing a tract of about five acres in Osnaburg township, near his home, so that he gives the enterprise his personal supervision, in connection with the carrying forward of his mercantile busi- ness. Tn 1897 Mr. Reese was appointed post- master at Robertsville and has ever since re- mained incumbent of the ofiKe, while for sev- eral years past he has been a valued and effi- cient member of the school board. He has ex- ercised bis franchise in support of the princi- ples of the Republican party from the time of attaining his legal majority and is knowii as a stalwart advocate of its cause. Like his par- ents, he has been a prominent and worthy member of the German Baptist church, in whose faith he was reared and of which his wife likewise is a member. On the 18th of Alarch, 1880, Mr. Reese CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 1219 was united in marriage to Miss Anna Myers, who was born in Trenton, Grundy county, Mis- souri, and who became the foster-daughter of Henry Dessler, a prominent miller and hon- ored citizen of Stark county, in whose home she was reared from her childhood. Mr. and Mrs. Reese have five children living, namely: Effie M., Carl N., Harry H., Lela and Ruby. One other child died at the age of twelve years. They have a pleasant home in the village and the same is a center of refined hospitality, while they are prominent in the social life of the community, in wlnich it may well be said they have "troo'^s of friends." THOMAS C. BELDING.— Among the progressive and highly respected business men of Canton is Mr. Belding, who holds the re- sponsiljle position of superintendent of the Canton Steel Roofing Company, of whose di- rectorate and executive he is a member, having been for a number of years one of the stock- holders of the company, while it may be said in due commendation that he has gained suc- cess through his own efforts. His grandfather, Titus Relding, was born in the state of Massa- chusetts, the family having been established in New England in an early day, and he became one of the pioneer settlers in Portage county, Ohio, where he served as a captain in the state militia, that section of the commonwealth con- tinuing to be his home until death. Thomas C. Belding is a native of Carroll county, Ohio, having been born in the town of Sherodsville, on the 7th of June, 1851, and be- ing- a son of Gershom B. and Margaret (Long) Belding, the former of whom was born in Portage county, this state, and the latter in Carroll county. When our subject was a child his parents removed to Leesville, Carroll coun- ty, and shortly afterward took up their abode in IJhrichsville, Tuscarawas county, where the father was engaged in bridge building for a period of six years, while our subject there re- ceived his early educational discipline in the public schools, while the family came to Stark county and located in the village of Waynes- burg when he was nine years of age. His par- ents came to Canton, Ohio, to reside in 1892, at which place occurred the death of his father, who passed away in 1895, at the age of sev- enty-eight years, while his wife died the same year, at the age of seventy-six years. They became the parents of three sons and two daughters, and of the number two sons are li\-ing at the present time. Thomas C. Belding learned the trade of carriage w^ood-working in the town of Carroll- ton, Carroll county, beginning his apprentice- ship at the age of nineteen years, and to this vocation he gave his attention about five years, at the expiration of which he learned the pat- tern-making trade. In 1886 he came to Can- ton, and on the ist of the following year as- sumed his present position as superintendent of the Canton Steel Roofing Company, in which he later became a stockholder and director, as has been previously noted in this context. He has been indefatigable and discriminating in his efforts and has done much to foster the up- building of this now large and important in- dustrial enterprise, while his course has ever been such as to retain to him the confidence and high regard of all with whom he has come in contact. Though never a seeker of political ])referment of any order Mr. Belding has ever been a stanch advocate of the principles and policies of the Republican party and has been loyal to the various duties of citizenship. He was reared in the faith of the Disciples' church, and his views are in harmony with its teach- ings. At Waynesburg, this county, on the 21st of October, 1879, Mr. Belding was united in mar- riage to Miss Emma McCort, who died in 1 882, leaving one child, Margaret, who is now employed as stenographer in the Central Sav- 1220 OLD LANDMARKS ings Bank, in Canton. On the 19th of May, 1891, Mr. Belding consummated a second mar- riage, being then united to Miss Mary B. Ross, who was born in Stark county, Ohio, being a daughter of James H. Ross, and of this union have been born two children, H. Ross and Ruth C. ALEXANDER B. CLARK was born in Canton, Ohio, on the 23d of March, 1874, the oldest son of W. W. and Eunice Bierce. He received his early education in the Canton pub- lic schools, attended preparatory school at Wooster, Ohio, entered college at Yale Uni- versity and graduated in course in 1897 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. After gradu- ation from college he studied law in the of- fice of Clark & Ambler for one year, and in 1S98 entered the law department of the Ohio State ITniversity and was admitted to the bar of the state of Ohio in the following March, graduating from the law department of the Ohio State University with the degree of Bach- elor of Law. Immediately after graduation from the law school he accepted a clerical posi- tion with the Canton Steel Roofing Company, and was elected secretary in 1901. Besides be- ing connected with the Canton Steel Roofing Company, he is also director of the Dieljold Safe & Lock Company and the City National Bank of Canton, Ohio. On September 26, 1000. Mr. Clark was married to Faith Fogle, and they ]ia\-e one child, A. B., Jr. THOMAS S. CULP is engaged in the manufacturing of bicycles, tricycles, motor cycles and automobiles in the city of Canton, and has labored faithfully and loyally during the many years of his active business career. His first establishment in Canton, opened in the year 1885, was a little shop twelve by twenty feet in dimensions, the same being a portion of his ))resent quarters, at the corner of Mahoning street and Sandal Court. He first established a tin shop and handled stoves on a rnodest scale, and when the bicycle was at the height of its popularity he found it expedient to aban- don his tin and stove business and engage in the handling, repairing and manufacture of the "wheels,'' while in 1901 he expanded the scope of his enterprise to include the manufacturing of automobiles and motor cycles, in which lines he has turned out some fine models, being an expert mechanic and one of individual ideas, so tliat he has brought out irumerous improve- ments in methods of construction. The motors utilized by him are principally of the gasoline type and are very effective in their operation, as well as economical. Mr. Culp was born near the village of Su- gar Grove Ridge, Jefferson county, Ohio, on the 20th of December, 1858, and there received his preliminary educational training in the common school, while he later . attended the public schools of Uhrichsville, Tuscarawas- county. When he was fourteen years of age his parents removed to Steubenville, Jefferson county, and at the age of sixteen he began his apprenticeship at the trade of tinner, serving three years, and thereafter working as a jour- neyman until the centennial year, 1876. In 1877 he located in Toronto, Jefferson county, where he opened a small tin shop and worked at his trade, carrying a small stock of stoves and tinware in connection. About three years later he removed to Elliottsville, Jefferson county, where his father was at the time con- ducting a brick yard, and of this enterprise the- sujjject had the management for the ensuing two years, at the expiration of which he re- moved to Wells\-ille, where he secured employ- ment in the tin and copper shops of the Cleve- land & Pittsburg Railroad Company. Two years later he took charge of the tin shop of the Wellsville Hardware Company, in whose em- ploy he remained one season. During the fol— CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. I22I lowing autumn and winter he conducted a rol- ler-skating rink in the village of Minerva, Stark county, and then took up his residence in Canton, where he assumed charge of the ■copper shops of the Wheeling & Lake Erie Railroad Company, retaining this incumbency more than eight years. Within this interval he opened a little shop of his own, giving it his personal attention in the evenings, after leav- ing his regular work. Later he Iniilt up his present flourishing enterprise, of which ade- quate mention has been made in an earlier para- graph of this article. In politics Mr. Gulp is a stanch adherent of the Republican party, in whose cause he takes an active interest, and fraternally he is iden- tified with the Junior Order of United Amer- ican Mechanics, the Daughters of Liberty, Daughters of America, Knights of the Macca- bees, and the Home Guards of America. His religious faith is that of the Methodist Epis- copal church, and he was formerly an active member of tlie First Methodist Episcopal church of Canton. Of the ancestry of the subject we may sa}' that he is a son of Jacob G. Culp, who was a railroad engineer for a quarter of a century, having been thus engaged in the employ of the Panhandle, the Baltimore & Ohio and other lines, while at the present time he is a stationary engineer at Conneaut, this state. He likewise is a native of Ohio and a scion of one of its pioneer families, having been born in Jefferson ■county, in 1S4T. His Avife, whose maiden name was Hannah Cole, was also born in that county, in 1S47, ^.nd she is a sister of Leander C. Cole, who was formerly mayor of the city ■of Massillon, Stark county. John Culp, grand- father of the subject, was a successful farmer, wool buyer and speculator in Jefferson county, wliere he died, having been a man of worth :and influence and having been commonly Icnown as "Squire Culp. Lie married Elizabeth Cooper, who was of Irish lineage. The Culp family is of stanch German stock, and the first representative of this immediate branch in America was the great-grandfather of the sub- ject. It is but consistent that we make men- tion of the fact that during his entire life the subject has never used tobacco in any form nor taken a drink of intoxicating liquor, while to his abstemious habits he feels that he owes his fine physical health today, being a man of A'igor and energy and in the very prime of an active and useful career. On the 27th of May, 1886, in the city of Canton, Mr. Culp was united in marriage to Miss Lillie Arnold, of tliis city, and she was summoned into eternal rest on the i8th of April, 1891, at the age of twenty-seven years, being survived by her only child. Earl E,, who is a fine lad of fourteen years at the time of this writing (1903). On the loth of No- vember, 1892, Mr. Culp consummated a sec- ond marriage, being then united to Miss Mary A. Reinhokl, daughter of Captain L'rias R. Reinhoid, of Canton, and they have one daugh- ter, Viola, aged nine years. The pleasant fam- ily liome is located at No. 622 Mahoning street and here a hospitable welcome is ever assured to the wide circle of friends whom the subject and wife have gatiiered about them. HAL B. STONEBROOK, D. D. S., is a native of the village of Bakersville, Coshocton county, Ohio, where he was l)orn on the 17th of February, 1869, being a sonof Hiram J. and Emaline (Thompson) Stonebrook, of whose twelve children ten are living at the present tune, namely: .Vlonzo O., who is a teacher in the high school at Port Washington, Tusca- rawas count)'; Hal B., who is the immediate subject of this review; Harry G., who is en- gaged in tlie practice of dentistry at Canal Do- ver in partnership with the subject; Florence, who is the wife of Levi Sciioonover, of Canton, Ohio; Iimma, who is the wife 1222 OLD LANDMARKS of a Mr. Spraig; William H., who is in the employ of the Canton Steel Company, at Canton, Stark county; Francis M., a laborer in Canton; Oliver H., who is a farmer near Ba- kersville, Coshocton county; Carlyle H., who is at the parental home, as is also Cecil V. Hi- ram J. Stonebrook, the father of these children, was born in I'uscarawas county, Ohio, on the 1st of August, 1840, and was there reared to maturity, receiving his preliminary educational discipline in the public schools, and effectively supplementing the same by a course of study in the Ohio Wesleyan University, in the city of Delaware, where he prepared himself for the profession of which he was to prove so suc- cessful and popular an exponent during a long and active career. Soon after leaving the col- lege he turned his attention with marked ef- ficiency to the pedagogic profession, and for the long period of twenty years he continued his active labors in the educational field, though for the greater portion of the period of the war of the Rebellion he laid aside all civic ef- forts to respond to the call. of higher duty, serving as a loyal and patriotic soldier in the Union army and aiding in perpetuating the in- tegrity of the nation. In the autumn of the year 1862 he enlisted as a private in Company C, One Hundred and Twenty-sixth Regiment of Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with which he continued in active service until the close of the war, his regiment having been assigned to the command of General Sheridan. Among the more notaljle battles in which he participated may be mentioned the following: Monocacy, Cedar Creek, Winchester, the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, siege of Peters- burg and Appomatox Court-house. Through gallant and meritorious service he rose through the different grades until he became com- mander of his company, as first lieutenant of which he led his valiant comrades of Company C into the memorable battle of the Wilderness, after which he continiied in command of the same until the close of the war, when he re- ceived his honorable discharge. After his re- turn. Lieutenant Stonebrook resumed teach- ing, to which he devoted his attention during the winter months, while in the suminer sea- sons he was engaged: in agricultural pursuits. In 1874 he established himself in the manu- facture of woolen goods in Bakersville, Co- shocton county, the while continuing his peda- gogic labors during the winters until about 1880, after which he gave practically his en- tire time to his manufacturing interests until 1897, since which year he has lived retired in: the city of Coshocton. In politics he has ever given a stanch allegiance to the Democratic party, and for a period of twelve years he was- incumbent of the office of justice of the peace. His religious faith is that of the Methodist Episcopal church, in whose work he has taken an active part, while fraternally he is an hon- ored member of the Grand Army of the Re- public, being past commander of the post with- which he is affiliated. At one time he was quite prominent in the Knights of Pythias fra- ternity, having organized several lodges, but in recent years he has allowed his membership to lapse. He is a son of Frederick and Pris- cilla Stonebrook, both of wdiom were born in Pennsylvania, of stanch old German lineage, and they emigrated from the old Keystone- state to Ohio in the pioneer davs, taking" up their abode in Carroll county, whence they eventually removed to Tuscarawas county, where they passed the remainder of their lives. Emaline ^Thompson) Stonebrook, the mother of the subject of this sketch, was born in Tus- carawas county, Ohio, on the 19th of No- vember, 1843, ^""^1 'i^i' death occurred on the- 25th of October, 1892. She was a daughter of James Thompson, who with his wife emi- grater from Ireland, their native land, to America and took up their residence in Tus- carawas county, Ohio, in the early days, there- passing the residue of their lives. Mrs. Stone- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1223 brook was a devoted member of the Methodist Episcopal cliurch and was a woman of gentle and gracious presence, ever retaining the love of those who came within the sphere of her kindly influence. Dr. Stonebrook, whose name introduces this article, passed his boyhood days on the homestead farm and his early educational priv- ileges were such as were afforded by the dis- trict schools. After sturdily completing the curriculum of the district schools he became a student in the Bakersville high school, where he completed the prescribed course. At the age of eighteen years he began his active en- deavors in that profession in which his honored father had attained so marked success, and dur- ing a period of seven years he was engaged in teaching during the winter months, while dur- ing the summers he was employed m his fa- ther's woolen mills, in Bakersville. In 1894 he began his technical preparation for the pro- fession of dentistry, by entering upon an ap- prenticeship in the office and under the direc- tion of Dr. J. H. Riggle, a skilled practitioner at Sherodsville, Carroll county, and so earn- estly and effectively did he apply himself to the mastering of all details of operative and laboratory work that in 1896 he passed a rigid examination before the state board of dental examiners, in session at Columbus, and was granted his diploma and license to practice. In July of the same year he located in Waynes- burg and established himself in the practice of his chosen profession, his novitiate being of very brief duration, for his unmiistakable skill and discrimination in his professional work and his genial personality soon gained to him a representative patronage. His offices are equipped with modern accessories and conven- iences, and the highest grade of workmanship and most careful operations in the line of den- tal surgery are assured under all circumstances. In politics the Doctor gives his allegiance to the Republican party, but he has had no ambi- tion for ot^cial preferment of any sort. He is a prominent and zealous member of the Meth- odist Episcopal church, of which his wife like- wise is a member, and at the present time he is a steward of the church in Waynesburg, while for ten years he has been a teacher in its Sunday school, and for several terms served as superintendent of the same, taking a lively interest in all departments of the church work. He is identified with the Knights of the Macca- bees, aPtiliating with Waynesburg Tent No. 29, of which he is past commander, while for three years he was keeper of records in the same. He also belongs to the Ancient Order of United Workmen. On the 3d of September, 1892, Dr. Stone- brook was united in marriage to Miss Lillie M. Riggle, a daughter of Charles Riggle, a prom.inent retired farmer of Bakersville, Co- shocton county, and of the five children born of this union four survive, namely : Mary Edna, Audrey Evangeline, Lois M. and Charlotte Lucille. JOHN E. BETZ is a native son of the Buclceye state, having been born in the town of Leetonia, Columbiana county, Ohio, on the 13th of June, 1861, being the youngest of the three children of Joseph and Susanna (Stumpf) Betz, both of whom were of stanch German lineage. His two sisters are still liv- ing, Delia being engaged in the dressmaking business in the city of Alliance, this county; while A.manda is the wife of Lewis Waters, of Waynesburg. Our subject received his early educational discipline in the public schools, and when he was but fifteen years of age began to prepare himself for that vocation in which he has attained so signal prestige and success. He then entered upon an apprentice- ship at the tailor's trade, under the direction of an able journeyman named Hilliard, becom- ing proficient in all departments of the art and 1224 OLD LANDMARKS for a number of years traveling about the Union as a journeyman at his trade, working in Cliiaigo and in eastern cities and in various places in the middle west. In the year 1884 IVJr. Bet;^ |)urchased his present tailoring es- tablishment from William H. Evens, a former employer, and with the exception of two and one-half years, which he passed in Malvern, Carroll county, he has been continuously en- gaged in business in W'ayncsburg. He has a well ec|ui]iped establishment, keeping in line a select stock of imported and domestic fabrics, while he employs only skilled assistants and gives his personal sujiervision to all portions of the work, allowing nothing to pass muster that does not come up to the highest standard of excellence. Though he is known as one of the l^est of cutters and titters, he still maintains that his art is one in which something new may always be learned, and he receives yearly courses of instruction from some of the most skilled and fashionable tailors in the metropol- itan centers and in tliis way keeps in touch with the latest styles and with all advances made in the various departments of his business. He has built an extensive business, controlling not only a reiircsentatixc trade in \\'a\ncsburg but also in surrounding towns, while an evidence of his skill is shown in the fact that even in the city of Canton he has a goodly list of reg- ular customers, in the face of the brisk com- petition which he there encounters, while he has patrons as far west as Breckenridge, Col- orado. In politics he gives his allegiance to the Republican party, and fraternally he is identified with the Knights of Pythias, being a memlier of Lodge No. 122, in Minerva. On the 29th of August, 1889, Mr. Betz was united in marriage to Miss Mary Shaffer, who was born in Sandy township, being a daughter of Hamilton Shaffer and a rejjre- sentative of one of Stark county's old and inllu- ential families. Mr. and Mrs. Betz have two children, i.eutia S. and Herl)ert S. WILLIAM A. LYNCH.— Among the prominent and distinguished citizens of Can- ton and northern Ohio, William A. Lynch eas- ily takes rank. For many years he was one of the recognized leaders of the Stark county bar, subsequently was active in the promotion and development of the street railway enter- prises, besides being interested extensively in manufacturing and the development of railroad and mining properties. William A. Lynch was born at Canton, Ohio, on August 4, 1844. His father and mother were both natives of Ireland, who met in Stark county and were here married. His father served as county surveyor and county recorder, and was a man of great energy and unusual business ability. He was a pioneer in the development of coal mining interests of this county, and also in the opening up of the coal fields of western Pennsylvania. Besides these he became deeply interested in railroad construction and promotion. He was one of the projectors of the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chicago Railroad, and of the Mahoning Val- ley Railroad between Youngstown and Cleve- land, now part of the Erie system. He was also interested more or less in other railroad enterprises. These \'ast projects necessarily carried with them a corresponding responsi- bility, and u]jon his death, which occurred just prior to the financial panic of 1857, it was found that by reason of the great depreciation in values of all properties, especially railroads, caused by the stagnation of business and the general financial depression, his estate had be- come seriously involved. Indeed, so great had been the shrinkage in values and the loss en- tailed bv the want of his personal supervision, that a large indebtedness was shown. At this time William A. Lynch was a boy of twelve years, old enough to realize his great loss, and yet quite too young to assume the burdens which at an early age were placed upon his shoulders. That these early trials had much CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1225 to do with developing the breadth and keen- ness of his business capacity, and the firmness, decision and earnestness of his character, can- not be doubted. One of the earhest acts of his business career was to pay off all outstanding obligations of his father's estate, facing the trying situation more like one of mature years than as a youth just reaching his majority. He appreciated the value of education, and set him- self to work most assiduously to acquire knowl- edge. With the assistance of the education he acquired in the public schools, he became a great reader and deep student, and when he had attained his sixteenth year he entered the law office of the Hon. Louis Schaefer, of Canton. He was admitted to practice immediately upon reaching the legal age. on September i, 1865, and was taken into partnership by his precep- tor. While studying law, and afterwards in the early days of practice, he made the ac- quaintance of many men of prominence and distinguished ability. Among others the Hon. John McSweeney was attracted to the young man by reason of the promise shown in him of future strength, and he took delight in aiding him by advice and counsel from his own wide experience. This was always gratefully re- ceived and wisely utilized by the young man, so that in a few years the young and ardent student was by far the strongest advocate that his friend, McSweeney, had to contend with in the courts of northern Ohio. His partner- ship with the Hon. Louis Schaefer was dis- solved at the end of four years' time, and Mr. Lynch remained alone until 1872, when he was joined in practice by William R. Day, af- terwards secretar\' of state under President ^IcKinley and at present associate justice of the L^nited States supreme court, the firm be- ing styled Lynch & Day. On April 17, 1878, an addition was made to the firm by the ad- mission of Austin Lynch, a brother of the senior partner, under the style of Lynch, Day &. Lynch. In 1885 Mr. William A. Lynch re- tired from the firm. A notable and historical case in northern Ohio, in which Mr. Lynch was prominent, was that of the State vs. Richard- son. The defendant was a woman charged with the killing of her husband, and the legal talent engaged on both sides was of the strong- est character. The state attorney was assisted by Mr. Lynch and Judge Day, while the defendant had employed John McSweeney, Judge Ricks, Judge Meyer and Judge Pease — an array of talent that is rare in one case. Medical expert testimony lent its aid in exciting ihe public interest, and the tragedy concluded with a verdict of man- slaughter. jMr. Lynch was twice elected by the people as prosecuting attorney of Stark county. The first lime his opponent was Charles Mander- son, recently United States senator from Ne- braska, the second time he had Major McKin- ley for a competitor and failed of election. But at the succeeding term he again contested with Major ]\IcKinley and was returned to the office to which he had aspired. During this period the county of Stark, was strongly Republican. The offices of prosecuting attorney and solicitor of the city of Canton are the only offices to which Mr. Lynch has been elected, and the only ones for which he permitted himself to be placed in nomination. He has always been a stanch, consistent, old-time Democrat, and has repeatedly been tendered the nomination for congress from his district, but always declined to enter political life. So firm was this resolve that he declined even an appointment to the common pleas judgship tendered him by Gov- ernor Hoadley. Mr. Lynch was a delegate to the 'Indianapolis national sound money con- vention in 1896, and was one of the electors-at- large on the Palmer-Buckner ticket for the state of Ohio, representing the hard-money wmg of the party. Realizing the hopelessness of vic- tory at the polls of the third, or soimd-money party, Mr. Lynch openly declared for his warm 1226 OLD LANDMARKS friend and fellow townsman, Mr. McKinley, and was active in his support. Again, in the presidential campaign of 1900, did Mr. Lynch declare against the election of Mr. Bryan, and with the Hon. John Cowen, president of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, spoke in the city of Baltimore to a large meeting under the aus- pices of the Maryland Sound-money Demo- cratic League. It was during this memorable campaign of 1896 that Mr. Lynch delivered at Canton what is considered one of the most forcible speeches in the interest of sound money that was ever delivered, it being a strong and convincing argument and plea for sound money that met with response in all parts of the coun- try, and was a factor in the campaign literature used so tellingly for the first time probably, in that critical struggle, which meant so much to the prosperity and credit of the nation. Lt 1885, upon retiring from the firm of Lynch, Day & Lynch, he directed himself to the work of counsel to corporations, and this, with his natural predilection for business, soon led him into an active participation in the man- agement of several enterprises of great magni- tude. He was one of the projectors of the Pittsburg, Akron & Western Railroad, in northern Ohio, besides being exceedingly active in the promotion of new railroads in the west and the reorganizing of railroad, coal and iron properties and manufacturing companies. He was the projector and president of the Canton & Massillon Electric Railway, which was built up to a system comprising thirty miles of track. The Canton & Massillon line was the first inter- urban road in the United States to be equipped with modern improvements and conveniences, including the long car provided with cross- wise seats, with center aisle, and with provis- ions for carrying baggage, mail and express matter. In December, 1901, this system was sold to a syndicate, at which time Mr. Lynch retired from participation in its management. He has a number of times been appointed re- ceiver for large mterests, while in matters of litigation and reorganization of big properties his counsel and active co-operation are fre- quently sought. In 1895 Mr. Lynch reorgan- ized the Aultman Company, and became presi- dent of the same. From time to time he has made large investments in the company, until he is now one of the principal owners of its stock. Under his able management and guid- ance this old and prominent industry has con- tinued its prosperity and bids fair to enjoy even a greater and grander career in the future than in the past. Mr. Lynch was married, October 14, 1874, to Eliza Ruth Underbill, daughter of Judge Underbill, of Canton. A prominent member of the Ohio bar, in speaking of Mr. Lynch, said : "I have known him from his school days. He is a man of keen, logical, analytical mind. No fallacy escapes his attention. He was always most studious and industrious. He has the principles of the law thoroughly mastered and knows more of the philosoph.y of the law than of mere case law. He is well versed in law literature and the best English literature. He is a wide reader and of good general intelli- gence, reading and experience. When he was in the general practice of the law he was easily a leader of the bar in Stark county, and while his reputation was somewhat local, I know of no better trial lawyer in the state. He pos- sesses exactly the temperament for a trial law- yer, sufficiently combative, but not unneces- sarily so. He always retains complete control of his temper, his feelings and of himself, and never permits any of these to get the better of him to betray him into a mistake. He is full of wit, pathos and logic, and possesses com- mand of a wonderful vocabulary. He is a most forcible and convincing speaker. If ele- gance of diction, pathos, humor, analysis, logi- cal argument and forcible manner, combined with a warm enthusiasm, make an orator, then CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1227 William A. Lynch is one. He has a cool head and rare tact and ripe judgment. His per- ceptions are quick. He is a broad-minded, capable man, who in a law suit or other mat- ters quickly grasps the strong points and relies in them for success, rather than be mag- nifying unimportant details, the common fault with loose thinkers. Mr. Lynch's position at the bar was entirely the result of his high character, his great ability and his sterling in- tegrity. A man, of solid parts, he relied upon the public judgment of his character and quali- fications for his business, and never resorted to the arts of the small lawyer to bring it to him. He has a warm, generous, sympathetic nature, free from all demagog)^ a man of convictions and a man of courage. The measure of the man, his strong sense of duty, courage and fear- lessness where duty prompts any line of con- duct, was shown in the campa'gn of 1896. He had always been a strong Democrat and an ar- dent partisan, but his conscience impelled him to oppose the action of his party in 1896, and he did it with all the force and ability of his character. On this occasion he made a truly magnificent speech in Canton. In my opinion there was no speech made during the campaign on the sound-money question, excepting, per- haps, that of Carl Schurz, at Chicago, which will in any way compare with it. Mr. Lynch is a consistent Catholic, but always tolerant of the religious views of others. He has never sought office, and yet there is no public office, even to the highest, that he would not be well qualified to fill. Had his mind and inclination run in that direction, he would certainly have achieved a great national reputation." TAMES C. LUPHER is a native son of the old Buckeye state, having been born on a farm in Sandy township, Tuscarawas county, Ohio, on the 3d of February, 1861, being a son of Thomas C. and Nancy A. (Miller) Lupher, of whose ten children the following six are yet living: John W., who is a resident of Canton township. Stark county; James C, who is the immediate subject of this sketch ; Cora B., who is the wife of Welty B. Cable, of Ttiscarawas count}- ; Emma J., who is a trained nurse, being the first graduate of the school for trained nurses conducted in connection with the Aultman hospital in the city of Canton; Ada K., who is the wife of William Hay, of Canton ; and Bertha B., who is the wife of William Cable, who is a resident of the city of Chicago, where he is in the employ of the government. Thomas C. Lupher, father of the subject, was born on the same farm in Tus- carawas county as was his son, of whom this sketch is written, and that he was a representa- tive of one of the early pioneer families of that locality is evident when Ave revert to the cir- cumstance that the date of his nativity was the year 1830. He continued to reside on the an-, cestral farmstead until within about a decade of his death, having taken up his residence in Waynesburg, Stark county, in 1888, and hav- ing here passed the residue of his life retired from active business, his demise occurring in 1898. He was a man of exceptional energA^ and business acumen, and for many years, in con- nection with his agricultural operations, he did a quite extensive business in the buying of wool and also cattle. He was an uncompromising Republican in his political proclivities and' while in Tuscarawas he held the office of town- ship assessor for a number of years, while in 1890 he was elected land appraiser of Sandy township. Stark county. He became a mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal church in his youth and ever continued a worthy and active adherent of the same ; he was for many years an officer in the church, having been called upon to serve in various capacities. He was a son of Henry Lupher, who was a native of Pennsylvania and of stanch German lineage. He emigrated from the Keystone state to Ohio- 1228 OLD LANDMARKS in an early day, settling in Tuscarawas county, where he passed the residue of liis hfe, devot- ing his attention to farming and to the work of his trade, that of blacksmith. Nancy A. (Miller) I-upher, the mother of the subject, was lx)rn in Pike township. Stark county, Ohio, in the year 1835, being a daugh- ter of Jacob Miller, who was a native of Penn- sylvania, w^hence he came to Stark county and became numbered among the early settlers of Pike township, where he reclaimed a good farm and became an influential citizen, having been engaged also in a freighting or transfer business in the pioneer epoch, transporting goods and pnjduce over the mountains to and from the eastern markets by means of teams and wagons, this being prior to the advent of railroads in this section of the Union. The mother uf the subject, who likewise was a de- voted member of the Methodist Episcopal church, was summoned into eternal rest in 1884, at the age of forty-nine years. James C. Lupher, whose name initiates this article, was reared on the old homestead where he was born, and his more rudimentary educa- tion was acquired in the public schools. When about fifteen years of age, in the spring of 1876, he gained his first definite business ex- perience, ])eing placed in a general-merchandise store at Sandyville, Tuscarawas county, where he remained one year. In the spring of 1877 he was matriculated in Richmond College, in Jefferson county, this state, where he continued his studies for one year, while within the fol- lowing two years he was for four terms a stu- dent in Mount Union College. That he took ■due advantage of the opportunities thus af- forded him is evident wlien we achert to the fact that in the winter of 1879 he ])ut his scho- lastic acc|uirements to practical use by engag- ing in pedagogic work, proxing a capable and successful teacher from the start. In the sum- mer of t88i, in order to still further fortify liimself for the work of his profession, he at- tended the Northeastern Ohio Normal Uni- versity, at Ada, and -thereafter resumed his teaching in the public schools. In 1883 he was called to Waynesburg to assume charge of the grammar department of the city schools, and this incumbency he retained for somewhat more than three years, having in the meanwhile purchased a grocery and provision store in the village and finally resigning his place in the schools in order to devote his attention to the mercantile enterprise, which he continued for a period of about five years. In 1888 he ac- cepted a position with the fraternal order ]ers of the United Presbyterian church and were people of sterling character, honored by all who knew them. James Todd identified him- self with the Republican party and was a stanch advocate of its principles, while he was a man of prominence and influence in his native county, where he served as county commis- sioner and jury commissioner and in other of- iices of local trust and responsibility. They became the parents of nine children, concern- ing whom we offer the following brief record : Wilbert A., an able physician and surgeon, lo- cated in Sterling, Kansas, in 1890, and was there engaged in the jn'actice of his profession until his death, in 1898; Mary died at the age of thirty-two years ; Samuel B. is a resident of Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Alice is the wife of Martin Ramsey, of Hookstown, Pennsylvania ; Margaret is the wife of Samuel Reed, of Bea- ver Falls, Pennsylvania; James W. is a resi- dent of Osnaburg, Stark county, Ohio; Will- iam S. resides in the city of Milwaukee, Wis- consin ; and Clarence is engaged in the practice of dentistry in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. Dr. Joseph Llewellyn Todd, the immediate subject of this sketch, was born on the home- stead farm, in Beaver county, Pennsylvania, on the loth of December, 1868, and as a youth be assisted in the work of the farm during the summer seasons and attended the public schools during the winter months, later supple- menting this discipline by a course of study in the normal school at Slippery Rock, Butler county, that state. In 1892 he entered the meflical department of the Western University, at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, where he com- pleted the prescribed course and was graduated as a member of the class of 1895, receiving the degree of Doctor of Medicine, for which he had worked faithfully and with marked ambition, availing himself of every opportunity to in- crease his technical knowledge and render him- self better prepared for his noble vocation. Shortly after his graduation the Doctor came to East Rochester, Columbiana county, Ohio, where he was engaged in the practice of his profession for the ensuing two years, when he sold his practice, having been advised of the ill- ness of his brother, who had been established in practice at Sterling, Kansas, as previously noted in this context, and he went to that place and there continued in practice one year, after which he returned to Ohio and took up his resi- dence in Mapleton, this county, where be has built up a large and representative practice and where his friends are in number as his ac- quaintances, lie is a member of the Stark County Medical Society and the Ohio State Medical Society, and enjoys the respect and good will of his professional confreres to the fullest degree. The Doctor is associated with his brother James W. in the manufacturing of brick and tile at Mapleton, the enterprise being a successful one and one that is rapidly in- creasing in scope and importance. The Doctor is devoting considerable attention to the propa- gation of the ginseng root, having a half- acre under cultivation and his garden in this line being considered the finest in Ohio. This product has long been recognized by the Chi- nese as a valuable remedial agent, and large quantities are now exported to the Orient from this country, the natural supply in China being inadequate, while the consumption in the home market is rapidly increasing as the value of the remedy becomes the more appreciated, the same 1232 OLD LANDMARKS being" clearly indicated in case of physical de- bility and other specific ailments. In politics the Doctor is a stalwart Republican, and his religious views are in harmony with the tenets of the United Presbyterian church, in which he v/as reared. Fraternally he is identified with the Juliard Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, at Louisville, this county. In 1900 he erected his present modern and attractive residence in ATapleton, and the family home is a center of refined hospitality. On the 30th of October, 1897, at East Rochester, Ohio, Dr. Todd was united in mar- riage to Miss Lillie Summers, who was born in that place, being a daughter of Galen Sum- mers, and of this union one child has been born, Janice. THE McCLYMOXDS PUBLIC LIBRARY MASSILLON. By Helena Ricks Slusseb In the spring of 1897, through the bequest of Hon. George Harsh, ten thousand dollars were left for the establishment of a public li- brary in Massillon. This was followed by the gift of the Nahum Russell homestead by Mrs. Flora R. and Annie M. McClymonds, daugh- ters of Mr. Russell, as a m.emorial to their par- ents. To these generous gifts J. W. McClymonds added the munificent sum of twenty thousand dollars as an endowment fund. These gifts were appropriately acknowledged at a public meeting of the citizens. The McClymonds Public Library Asso- ciation was formed under a state charter and June 4, 1897, organized with the following of- ficers as trustees ; J. W. McClymonds, presi- dent ; Caroline McCullough Everhard, vice- president; E. A. Jones, treasurer; C. A. Gates, secretary; Helena Ricks Slusser, F. H. Sny- der, J. C. Corns. The building was remodeled to adapt it to library uses. The current expen- ses are met by a tax levy made by the city coun- cil. The library opened with seven thousand volumes, purchased with the George Harsh bequest. Current literature and additional books are now supplied by the income from the endowment fund. The library has been in op- eration nearly five years and has over twelve thousand volumes on its shelves, and has reached an issue of forty thousand volumes an- nually. PATRICK L. MANLY is a native of county Mayo, Ireland, having been born in the town of Killala, a seaport on the bay of the same name, the date of his nativity being July 12, 184T. He was about five years of age when his parents, Thomas and Mary (Holmes) ]Manly, emigrated to America. In 1846 they set sail from Killala for Quebec, Canada, and from the dominion they came by the great lakes to Cleveland, Ohio, and thence by canal to ]\Iassillon, Stark county, thus having made practically the entire trip from Ireland to their destination by water. Thomas Manly was born in the same town in the Emerald Isle, and he died in Massillon in 1868, at the age of sixty- three years, his wife having here been called to her eternal rest in 1854, at the age of thirty- six years, she also having been born in county Mayo. The father of the subject located on a farm in Jackson township, improving the prop- erty and becoming one of the successful and honored citizens of the county, while he con- tinued to follow agricultural pursuits until his death. He and his wife were devoted members and communicants of the Catholic church and in politics he was a stanch Democrat. Patrick L. Manly was reared on the home- stead farm and secured his rudimentary educa- tional training in the district school in the vi- cinity of his home, his first teacher having" been Jacob Bechtel of Massillon, one of the honored McCLYMONDS PUBLIC LIBRARY. INTERIOR McCLYMONDS PUBLIC LIBRARY. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1233 educators of the county in the early days, while later he received instruction under the tutor- ship of Tliomas Harvey, the author of the vari- ous and well known school text-books which bear his name, — the Harvey Speller,' Grammar and Arithmetic, INIr, Manly completed a four- years course in the Massillon high school, and later he continued his studies in St. Patrick's Seminary, an excellent institution in the city of Toronto, Canada, passing the time while there in the homes of his two uncles. He had assisted in the work on the farm until he had at- tained the age of eighteen years, and the labors there devolved upon him were arduous in the extreme. While in Toronto, on the 8th of September, i860, Mr. Alanly was united in marriage to Miss Adeline Jones, of Markham township, that province, where she was born, being a daughter of Norman Jones, a native of Con- necticut, who was there eng^aged in teaching and farming- until his death. In 1863 Mr. Manly returned to Stark county, in company with his wife, and located in the city of ^las- sillon, where he . secured employment in the painting department of Russell & Company, manufacturers of threshers, mowers and reap- ers, and he continued to remain with this con- cern until 1876, when he was elected to the otiice of county recorder, and this of course de- manded his removal to Canton, the capital of the county, in that year. He remained incum- bent of this office three years, until the autumn of 1879, and upon his retirement engaged in the livery business in this city, devoting his at- tention to this enterprise until 1883, when he was again called upon to serve in an official capacity, having Ijeen elected, in the fall of that year, county auditor, and this position he re- tained, by successive re-elections, until 1890, his long service indicating most forcibly the appreciative estimate placed upon the same by the voters of the county. Since his retirement from this office Mr. Manly has been engaged in 77 the real-estate ami tire-insurance business in Canton, and he has built up a thriving enter- prise in both departments, his books showing at all times many desirable investments in both city and country realty, while in the insurance branch he is a representative of a number of the leading and most reliable companies doing business in the state. He is a man of excellent executive ability and his success has been fur- thered by the unequi\-ocal trust and confidence u hich the general public so implicitly place in him. Mr. Manly has given an unqualified al- legiance to the Democratic party from the time of attaining his legal majority and has been one of the leaders in its local ranks, having served as chairman of the county central committee of the same and having done much to advance the party cause in this action, while he has held other offices of trust in the gift of the party. He has been a notary public since 1900. He and his wife are communicants and valued members of St. John's church, Roman Cath- olic, and fraternally he is identified with the Catholic Alutual Benefit Association. In conclusion we enter the following brief record concerning the five children of Mr. and Mrs. Manly: Amelia is the wife of William L. Caldwell and they reside in New York city; Frank S. married Miss Elizabeth Koswosky and they reside in Canton; Caiiotta is the wife of Walter Sanford, of Cincinnati, this state; Araminta married Frank J. Shively, of Louis- ville, this county, and they now reside in Mani- stee, Michigan ; and Edward, who married Miss Cora Dannemiller, of this county, now resides in the city of Toledo, Ohio. GEORGE M. MEISER was born in the village of Clinton, Summit count}^, Ohio, on January 30, 1859, being a son of Frederick and Catherine (Keiser) Meiser, of whose six chil- dren the following named three survive: Louisa, who is the wife of W. A. Hawer, of 1234 OLD LANDMARKS Canton, tliis county; Mary, who is the wife of W. V. Stimmel, of Paris, this county; and George M., of this review. Frederick Meiser was born in Luffaw Laffal, Germany, on the loth of August, 1830, being a son of Conrad and Martha (Grusrak) Meiser, and he was reared on the old homestead farm in the fatlier- land, where he remained until he had reached the age of twenty-four years, his educational privileges being such as were afforded in the excellent schools of his native land. In 1854, at the age just noted, he severed the ties which bound him and friends and set forth to seek his fortunes in the United States, his total re- inforcement being his energy, honesty of pur- pose and a determination to win success through worthy means. He had learned the trade of wagonniaking in Germany, and upon arriving in America he made his way to the city of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, where he worked at his trade about one year and then came to Stark county, Ohio, and secured employment in the .same line in the village of Paris. Three years later, having been in the meanwhile mar- ried, he removed to Clinton, Summit comity, which continued to be his home for an equal period, at the expiration of which he came to Canton, Stark county, and here, after being- engaged in the work of his trade only three months, he fell from a wagon in such a way as to injure his spine and render him badly crip- pled for life. Well may we imagine that the future presented a dark and forbidding aspect to him, for he w^as no longer able to work at his trade, was entirely without means in a financial way and had a family dependent upon him. The outlook would have appalled tlie a\'erage man, but not so with this valiant soul, and he girdled him for the stern duty which lay before him. As soon as he had sufficiently recuper- ated as to be able to move about he secured a small stock of notions and began peddling in a most modest way but with utmost persever- ance, and finally he was able to provide him- self with a wagon and to increase the e.xtent of his stock and also widen the field of his operations. Alter three } ears of assiduous ap- plication in this line, with weariness of body, and no doubt of mind on many occasions, he had accumulated sufficient surplus to justify him in purchasing a stock of groceries and opening a modest store in Paris, where he re- mained about three years and then removed to New Berlin, this county, where he continued in the same line of business about seventeen years, carefully conserving his resources and gradually gaining that position of independence which had been his ultimate aim from the time the physical misfortune fell to his lot. In 1883 Mr. Meiser returned to Paris, having sold his business in New Berlin, and here he opened a general-merchandise store, under the firm name of Meiser & Son, the subject of this sketch being the junior member. Through their strict attention to business, their discrimination in the selection of stock and their scrupulously fair and honorable methods they have built up an enterprise which can not fail to challenge the admiration of even the casual visitor to the es- t:;blishment, for the store is well equipped with modern conveniences and accessories and the .■■tock carried in the many and varied lines rep- resents a capitalistic investment extraordinarily large for a town of its size, though the firm have by no .means transcended the just limits of conservatism in this regard, for such has been tlieir policy that they draw their trade from sections not normally tributary to the village. Frederick Meiser well deserves the esteem and confidence w^hich he so unequivocally com- mands and which lie has so well earned, and he is to-day one of the able and conservative busi- ness men and public-spirited citizens of Stark county. In politics he is stanchly arrayed in support of the principles of the Democratic party, and within the first regime of Grover Cleveland as President of the United States he was appointed postmaster of Paris, retaining CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1235 tlie incumbency four years. He and liis wiie are devoted members of the Reformed church. The latter was born in Baden, Germany, on the 28th of December, 1833, being a daughter of John and Anna M. Keiser, who were born' end died in Germany. George M. Meiser, who is associated with his honored father in business, was reared un- der tlie influences of a good home and acquir- ing his educational discipline in the public schools. P"rom his boyhood days he continued to assist his father in the work of the grocery .^tore in New Eerlin, and after he attained maturity he acquired an interest in the business and relieved his father of much of the active management. Since coming to Paris the son has been a member of the firm, and has ever proved an able business coadjutor to his father. He is well known and highly esteemed in the community and he ever takes a lively interest in all that touches its welfare. In his political proclivities he gives an unqualified allegiance to the Democratic party, and both he and his wife are active and valued members of the Re- formed church and he is an efficient and popular teacher in its Sunday school. On the 23d of July, 1899, Mr. Meiser was united in marriage to Miss Effie Heim, who was born in Paris township, this county, being a daughter of the late Isaiah Heim, who was a prominent and influential farmer of this town- ship. He was born in Pennsylvania, Novem- ber 19, 1832, and his wife, whose maiden name was Lizzie Haines, was born April 8, 1847, in Paris, Stark county. Mr. and Mrs. Meiser liave tvxO children, IMildred S., who was born on the 31st of August, 1900, and Max F., who was born on the 14th of March, 1902. AUSTIN A. HAY claims the old Keystone state of the union as the place of his nativity. having been born in Somerset county, Pennsyl- vania, on the 3d of February, 1845, and being a son of George and Sarah (Fleck) Hay, who were likewise natives of that county, where the former was born on Christmas day of the year 1816, while the latter was born on the 3d of June, 1823. In 1853 <-"ey came to Ohio and located in Dalton, Wayne county, but before the close of that year they came thence to Stark county and became numbered among the first settlers in wliat is now Beach City, Sugar Creek township, where they continued to reside until the year 1870, when they removed to Mower county. Minnesota, where the father died in June, 1886, having been there engaged in the hotel business in the town of Austin. While in Beach City he was engaged in the general merchandise business. After his death his wife returned to the old home here, and here her death occurred on the 13th of August, 1901. They became the parents of two sons and two daughters, both of the latter dying in in- fancy, while James N., the elder of the sons, is now a resident of Gallipolis, Ohio. The father of the subject was originally an old-line Whig in his political proclivities, but upon the organization of the Republican party he identi- fied himself therewith, and ever afterward was a stanch advocate of its cause. Fraternally he was identified with the Masonic order, hav- ing been a member of the lodge at Navarre, this county. He and his wife were members of the Reformed church until their removal to Minnesota, when they identified themselves with the Methodist Episcopal church, there being no organization of the former in the vicinity of their home there. They were folk of sterling worth of character and ever commanded the utmost respect and esteem on the part of .ill who knew them. Austin A. Hay, the immediate subject of this review, attended school in his native county in Pennsylvania until he had attained the age of eight years, when he accompanied his par- ents on their removal to Stark county, where he was reared to maturity, his further educa- 1236 OLD LANDMARKS tional advantages being such as were afforded in the pubhc school in the village of Beach City. He continued to assist Ins father in the store until there came the call of higher duty, as the thundering of rebel guns against old Fort Sum- ter gave evidence that an effort was to be made to bring about a dissolution of the great Union founded at so great a cost by the patriots of the Revolution. Though he was but sixteen years of age at the time Mr. Hay promptly tendered his services in the support of the Union, and in September, 1S61, he enlisted as a private in Company F, Nineteenth Ohio Vol- unteer Infantry, with which he proceeded to the front, the regiment being assigned to the Army of the Cumberland, and thereafter he continued in active seivice for more than four years, and up to the time when victory crowned the Federal arms and the integrity of the nation was insured. He took part in all the engage- ments in which his regiment participated, see- ing much hard fightmg, and the history of the command is the history of his personal mili- tary career. He received his honorable dis- charge at Columbus, Ohio, on the 24th of No- vember, 1865, and as a youthful veteran and patriotic soldier returned to his home in Beach City, where he has ever since maintained his home. His honorable methods and careful at- tention to the demands of his patrons enabled him to soon build up a large and representative trade, his establishment being the leading one of the sort m this section of the county, while he has ever held the implicit confidence and esteem of the people of the community, who have signalized the same in divers ways. He has been called upon to serve as township trus- tee and treasurer, and for three different terms he was incumbent of the office of postmaster of his home town, while in 1901 a still more distinctive evidence of his popularity in the community was given in his election to the ofirce of county commissioner, of which he now is incumbent, and in which he is rendering eft'ective service to his constituents and the county at large. In politics he has always been a stalwart Republican, taking an active iiiterest in its cause and being a leader in its local ranks and a director of opinion, wdiile he is essentially progressive and public-spirited in his attitude at all times. Fraternally he is identified with the Grand Army of the Republic, being an honored member of Colton Post No. 510, at Beach City, and he also belongs to the Knights of Pythias and Elks. On the 25th of February, 1S69, Mr. Hay was united in marriage to Miss Amelia Agler, who was born in Stark county, being a daughter of George and Eva (Wygandt) Agler, the for- mer of whom was born in Pennsylvania, and the latter in Maryland, while they were num- bered among the early settlers in Sugar Creek township, Stark county, where they passed the residue of their lives. Of the four cliildren of Mr. and Mrs. Hay we enter the following brief record : J. Frank, who is the present postmaster in Beach City, receiving his edu- cation in the pulic schools, and was for a time engaged in the newspaper business in Ken- tucky, being a young man of fine mentality and marked business ability. ILva. A. and Sarah W. are twins. Mary, the first child, died in infancy. The family is one of prominence in the social life of the community, and the home of the subject is a center of gracious hos- pitality. JOHN McWHINNEY was born on the farm \\hich is now his home, in Sugar Creek township, Stark county, Ohio, on the 13th of June, 1835, being a son of John R. and Nancy (Wholf ) McWhinney, the former of whom was born in county Down, Ireland, in the year 1797, while the latter was a native of Cumber- land county. Pennsylvania, where she was born in 1804. John Rand McWhinney w-as reared and educated in the Emerald Isle, where he re- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1237 mained until he had attained the age of twenty- five years, when he emigrated to America, land- ing in New York city, and for a decade he continued to reside in the old Empire state. At the expiration of this period, in 1829, he came to Stark county, Ohio, and settled on a tract of wild land in Sugar Creek township, where he established his home in true pioneer style and forthwith instituted the reclamation of his land for the purposes of cultivation, and thus meriting recognition as one of the founders of the county. He continued to reside on this homestead, the present farm of our subject, until he was called from the scene of life'.=! activities, his death here occurring on the 17th of April, 1863. He was for a number of years superintendent of the Ohio canal, and prior to his death he had succeeded in clearing a con- siderable portion of his f.irm, which comprised one hundred and sixty acres. In his native land he had learned the trade of shoemaking, and to the same he devoted more or less attention ■during the years of his residence in Ohio, wliile he was kriown as a man of impregnable integ- rity and excellent business ability. He came of ■stanch Scottish ancestry, both of his parents having been born in the fair land of hills and "heather, the maiden name of his mother having "been Margai-et Bailey, and they removed across the border into the north of Ireland, where they passed the remainder of their lives. The father of the subject was a Democrat in hi-; political proclivities, and both he and his wife were members of the Presb} terian cliurch. Thev became the parents of two sons and two daugh- ters, and of the number the subject of this re- view is the only siu'viving son. John McWhinney, whose name introduces this sketch, was reared on the old homestead farm where he now resides, and as a bov he began to contribute his quota to the work of clearing and cultivating the land, while his edu- jcational opportunities were such as were af- forded in the pioneer log school house of the neighborhood, the same being a mere log cabin, with punchon floor and slab benciies and other crude accessories. He owns the original home farm of one hundred and sixty acres, and the same is one of the model places of this section of the county, thrift and prosperity being in evidence on every hand, while the permanent improvements are of substantial order, includ- ing a commodious and attracti\ e residence. Mr. McWhinney follows diversified farming and also gives no little attention to the raising of high-grade live stock, while his energy, dis- crimination and progressive methods have en- abled him to gain marked success, while he has ever retained the unqualified respect of the community in which he has thus passed his <^ntire life. In his earlier years he gave his support to tl'ie Democratic party, but finally be- came convinced that the Republican party stood sponsor for the principles and policies best adapted for the government of the republic, and, with the courage of his convictions, he transferred his allegiance thereto, and since 1863 lie has exercised his franchise in its sup- port, having thus been identified with the "grand old party" during nearly the entire period of its existence. He was a stanch Union man in the period that led up lo the war of the Rebellion, and he supported Lincoln for the presidency at the time of his second nomination, while he rendered the valiant and loyal service of a true patriot during that great conflict through Avliicli the perpetr.ity of the Union was insured. In i86t he enlisted in Company F, Nineteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, as a private, and on the 7th of September of tiat year his regiment left Wilmot, this county, and departed for the front, and Mr. McWhinney continued in service until April 17, 1865, when he received his honorable discharge, being at the time in a small-pox hospital in Louisville, Kentuckv, and having but recentlv recovered 1238 OLD LANDMARKS from an attack of that dread disease. He par- ticipated in all of the engagements of the At- lanta campaign, having heen under fire for eighty days, and in the battle of Atlanta he received injuries which necessitated his being sent to the rear, after which he was not in active service in the fighting line, while for some time he served as wagon and forage master. After receiving his discharge Mr. McWhinney re- turned to the home farm, and here he has ever since followed the vocations of peace, gaining victories no less renowned than those of war. In addition to the homestead farm he also owns another farm, of eighty acres, also in Sugar Creek township, and he likewise has the general supervision of this place. He erected his pres- ent modern and attractive residence in 1881, while the fine large barn on the homestead was built in 1902. The confidence and esteem in which our subject is held in the community has been signalized by his long retention in the office of township trustee, of which he is in- cumbent at the time of this writing, and in which he will have served seven years, includ- ing his present term, while for many years he has been a valued member of the school board of his district. Fraternally he vitalizes his interest in his old comrades in arms by retain- ing membership in the Grand Army of the Republic, being a member of Scott Wyant Post No. 384, at Wilmont, while he is also a mem- ber of Caldwell Lodge No. 346, Free and Accepted Masons; Ohio Lodge No. 246, Knights of Pythias; and Wilmont Grange, Patron? of Husbandry. On the 9th of October, 1861, Mr. McWhin- ney was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Hall, who was born in Sugar Creek township, Stark county, being a daughter of Samuel Hall, one of the sterling pioneers of the county, and of this union six children have been born, namely: Carrie E., Sterling J., Cullen H. (de- ceased), Columbia, Minnie H., and Jessie W. Cullen H. married Miss Sibil Reed, and died in 1899, being survived by his wife and one child, who is the only grandchild of the sub- ject. HENRY C. BURWELL is a native son of the Buckeye state, having been born in Rose township, Carroll county, Ohio, on the 7th of August, 1862, and being a son of Adam and Barbara (Little) Burwell, the former of whom was born in Penns3lvania, of German ancestry, and the latter in Carroll county, where their marriage occurred. The father is now a resident of Magnolia, where he has devoted his attention to agricultural pursuits. The subject was reared on the homestead farm where he was born, and his educational ad- vantages were such as were afforded in the public schools, which he attended during the winter months until he had attained the age of eighteen years, while his services were required in connection with the work of the farm during- the summer seasons. He remained at the pa- rental home until he had reached his legal ma- jority, when he nntiated his independent career by hiring out to do farm work, to which he de- voted his attention until his marriage, in 1885, after \\hich he continued to follow agricultural' pursuits on rented farms, in Carroll county, until 1890, when he came to Waynesburg, Stark county, where he was employed in driv- ing a mule for the first two and one-half years. Li 1893 he secured a position in the employ of the Waynesburg Brick & Clay Company, whose plant was later absorbed by the H. B. Camp Company, with whom he continued in the capacity of boss burner of the kilns until 1898, when patent recognition of his ability and fidelity was given in his being- chosen su- perintendent of the plant, in which responsible office he was retained, in April, 1902, when the business was purchased by the National Fire Proofing Company . Mr. Burwell has been a careful student of the detads of the business. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1239 and through his practical knowledge and ear- nest efforts much has been done to advance the interests of the concern, both in facilitating pro- duction and securing the highest order of prod- ucts. Under !iis superintendency tlie output of the plant has been increased from sixteen thousand to twenty thousand Hellvor building blocks a day, while the equipment has been greatly improved, the concern being one of the largest of th.e sort in the Union. In politics Mr. Burwell gives his support to the Republi- can party, and fraternally he is identified with the Knights of the Maccabees. On the 5th of September, 1885, Mr. Bur- well was united in marriage to Miss Maggie L. Williams, daughter of David and Emeline (Gurst) Williams, of Carroll county, and of this union have been born six; ciiildren, all of whom remain at the parental home, their names, in order of birth, being as follows : Iva, David A., Emma Ethel, Bertha Blanche, Adam Ar- thur and Reuben Henry. JOHN H. KRUMLAUF is a native son of the Buckeye state, and comes of stanch Ger- man lineage, his ancestors in both the paternal and maternal lines having settled in the state of Pennsylvania several generations agone, while there were born and reared his parents, John and Sarah (Hahn) Krumlauf, who came to Ohio in an early day, locating in Hancock coimtv, where his father devoted his attention to farming for many years. He died in Arling- ton, Hancock county, Ohio, having attained the venerable age of eighty-nine years, while his wife passed away in 1882, at the age of sixty- six years. He was a stanch Republican in his political proclivities, having identified himself with the party at practically the time of its or- ganization, and his religious faith was that of the Evangelical church, of which his wife also was a devoted member. Of their nine children seven are living at the time of this writing. John Krumlauf came to Stark county in 1857, and became one of the prosperous and honored fanners of Osnaburg township, where he ever held the maximum confidence and regard of all who knew him. John H. Krumlauf, the immediate subject of this review, was born on a farm in the vicin- ity of Findlay, Hancock county, Ohio, on the 4th of October, 1855, and he was thus about two years of age at the time of his parents' removal to Osnaburg township. Stark county, where he was reared to maturity under the grateful surroundings of the old homestead farm. He received the advantages of the pub- lic schools of the locality, in which he continued his studies until he had attained the age of nineteen years, in the meanwhile assisting in the improvement and cultivation of the farm, and also working on neighboring farms at inter- vals. At the age noted he entered upon an ap- prenticeship at the trade of stone-cutting, be- coming a skilled workman, and to this vocation he devoted his attention for several years, finally receiving an injury which compelled him to permanently abandon the work of his trade. Thereafter he entered the employ of the Can- ton Steel Company, in the capacity of stationary engineer, continuing to be thus engaged about four years, at the expiration of which he turned his attention to the real estate business, from which he retired to engage in the grocerv busi- ness, opening a store on East Tuscarawas street and later being engaged in the same line of enterprise at the corner of Walnut and Second streets, where he continued operations success- fully until 1896, when he disposed of the busi- ness and once more engaged in dealing in rerl estate, which has ever since constituted his province of endeavor and in which he has met with gratifying success, being an excellent judge of realty values, while most desirable in- vestments are ever recorded on his books, both in the line of city and farm property. He has conveniently located and well equipped offices 1 240 OLD LANDMARKS in the City National Bank bnilding-. In politics Mr. Krnmlauf lias ever given an unwavering allegiance to the Republicai; party, having cast his first presidential vote for Garfield, and he has taken an active part in furthei^ing the party cause in the local field, while his name is en- tered as a candidate in the nominating conven- tion of his party for the ofhlce of county re- corder, a position for which he is thoroughly well qualified, and for which he is a logical candidate. Fraternally he belongs to Council No. 137, United American Mechanics. In February, 1883, in the city of Alliance, this county, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Krumlauf to Miss Ida Shidler, daughter of Eli Shidler. of that cily, and of tliis union have been born tin-ee children, Maud, Wilmer and Helen, all of whom remain beneath the parental roof. CHARLES O. HEGGEM is an American by adoption, being a native of the old historic country of Norway and as such inherits the sterling characteristics and honorable virtues which have long distinguished the Scandina- vians from the other peoples of the world. His father, Ole Heggem, was born about one hun- dred and fifty miles north of Bergen, Nor- way, on the 9th of April, 1832, the son of Axel Heggem. whose birth occurred in Ber- genstift May iq, 1783. By occupation the latter was a farmer. He also served as a sol- dier in the Norwegian army and took part in the war with Sweden, which lasted from 1807 until 1S14, inclusive. Ole Heggem spent his youth on his father's farm, but when a young man learned the trade of pattern-making in the shops of his native place. He married in Nor- way Miss Johanna Mucklebust. a native of Bergensfift, and daughter of Knut ]\Iuckle- bust. a farmer, living not far from the citv of Bergen. In t868 Ole Heggem and family immigrated to the United States and took up their residence in Chicago, where the father and mother still reside, the father aged seventy- one, the mother, se\'enty-tW'0. Charles O. Heggem is the oldest of ten children, five of whom are living at the present time. He was born in Bergen, Norway, on the 29th day of November, 1851, and received his early education in the Latin school of that city, attending the same until a youth of fourteen. He then entered upon a three years' apprenticeship in the Bergen ma- chine works, and at the expiration of that time accompanied his parents to America, taking passage at Stevanger in 1868, on the "Atlanta," a sailing vessel which at that time made its first voyage to the new world. In due time the ship reached its destination at Quebec, _Can- ada, from wdiich city the Heggem family pro- ceeded to Chicago, where Charles soon found employment in the Chromatic Printing Press works, afterwards the Alden Printing Works, removed to Canton. After working in that establishment for two years he resigned his place and went to Salem, Ohio, where during- several ensuing }-ears he was employed by the Buckeye Engine Company, rising by a series of promotions to the important position of fore- man. He early developed unusual proficiency as a machinist and in addition to his skill as a workman displayed business abilities of such high order as to win the confidence of his em- ployers, with the result as above stated. Mr. Heggem continued with the Buckeye Engine Works until 1884, in the spring of which year he severed his connection with the company and accepted the position of foreman in the Russell & Comjiany machine shops at IMassil- lon. He served se\'eral years in that capacity, meanwhile so conducting the afifairs under his immediate charge as to win promotion to a higher position and from that by a series of con- tinued advancements until he reached the re- sponsible station of superintendent, in 1887, which he still holds. Keen, shrewd and vigilant. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1241 he is complete master of the situation, nothing escaping his ever watchful gaze, being as famil- iar witli the most minute detail of the works as he is with the business in the aggregate. To manage successfully such a large force of men and retain their confidence and good will and to get from them the largest results obtainable, re- quires executive ability, tact and generalship rarely combined in a single individual. As al- ready stated, Mr. Heggem is master of his call- ing, and as a skillful workman, thoroughly ac- quainted with scientific mechanism in all of its details, he has few equals and no superiors. Reverting to his domestic history, it is learned that Mr. Heggem was happily mar- ried, in the year 1872, to Miss Rebecca Boe, also a native of Norway, and the daughter of Knut and Mary Boe, who came to the United States in 1870 and located at Salem, Ohio, where the father engaged in the manufacture of stoves. The union of Mr. and Mrs. Heg- gem has been blessed with three children, — Oscar E., Alfred G. and Chalmer R. In addition to his official position with the Russell engine works, Mr. Heggem is a director of the company, and is similarly interested in the Massillon Iron and Steel Works, besides being a director of the Massillon Building & Loan Association. He is also interested in the Warwick Glass Company, in the organiza- tion of which he bore a prominent part, and to him is largely due the credit of its incorpora- tion and success. Like many of the leading men in every city and town of any consequence, he is identified with the ancient and honorable order of Free and Accepted Masons, in which he has risen to high station, belonging to Clin- ton Lodge No. 47, Massillon Commandery No. 4, and Hiram Chapter, Royal Arch Masons. He has also taken the Scottish rite and Mystic Shrine degrees, and in 1893 was elected ani- nent commander of the Knights Templar or- ganization referred to above. He has also rep- resented his commandery in the state conclaves and for several years past has been a member of the grand commandery of Ohio, meeting with the distinguished body in its annual gatherings. Mr. Heggem is a great admirer of the free institutions under which he has achieved such marked business success and high social stand- ing, and takes great interest in the afifairs of his adopted country, discharging the duties of citizenship with the same devotion to the na- tion's interest as if he were born and reared on American soil. He is pronounced in his ad- vocacy of the Republican party and has labored earnestly for its success in state and national affairs, sometimes losing sight of politics in matters purely local. He occupies a high po- sition in the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, to which organization he has be- longed since 1889, and in the deliberations of which he always takes a prominent part. Re- ligiously Mr. Heggem was reared according to the gentle but strict teachings of the Society of Friends, and when he entered the marriage relation the ceremony was soleinnized accord- ing to the manner of that church.^ Oscar E. Heggem, oldest son of the sub- ject, is a young man of splendid business at- tainments, and at this time holds the responsi- ble position of assistant superintendent of the Russell & Company's works. He was mar- ried, in 1893, to Miss Lizzie E. Davidson, of ^^^ayne county, Ohio, and is the father of two children, — Frankie Elise and Charles O. Al- fred G, the second son, has also achieved en- viable repute as an energetic, far-seeing busi- ness man, and as superintendent of the Russell Engine Company's shops in this city. He is a graduate of Cornell University, with the de- gree of Mechanical Engineer, class of '97. Chalmer R., the youngest of the family, after completing his literary education, took up the law and is now prosecuting his legal studies in Cornell University, New York. He is gifted intellectually and will no doubt distinguish himself in the profession to which he proposes 1242 OLD LANDMARKS to devote liis life. Mr. Heggem has contrib- uted papers and articles to the press on me- chanical engineering and kindred subjects, many by request. THOMAS S. WOLF claims the old Key- stone state of the Union as the place of his nativity, having been i:)orn on the parental farm, near Tarenium, Allegheny county, Pennsyl- vania, on the 25th of September, 1862, being the youngest of the eleven children of Samuel and Mary (Haney) Wolf, both of whom were natives of Pennsylvania, and of stanch German stock. Samuel Wolf, grandfather of the sub- ject, was born in Germany, where he was reared to maturity. Shortly after his marriage he emigrated with his bride to America, landing in New York city, where he made his home for some time and then removed to Tarentum, Al- legheny county, Pennsylvania, where he died about the year 1857, in the prime of his man- hood. His wife survived him many years, her death occurring in Freeport, that state, in 1875. They became the parents of four children, namely: Joseph; Samuel (father of the sub- ject) ; Jackson and Wallace, the last mentioned being now the only survivor. The father of the subject was born in the state of New York, in 1818, and was a boy at the time of his father's removal to Pennsylvania, wheie he was reared on a farm and where he received limited edu- cational advantages. lie was early compelled to assume the practical responsibilities of life and to depend on his ovi^n resources. While he was still a mere bo\ he secured employment in connection with the repairing on a canal, re- ceiving twenty-seven cents a day for his serv- ices. He continued to labor without ceasing as the days passed by, and through his industry and frugality saved a small amount of money, and finally felt justified in taking unto himself a wife and establishir.g himself in a home of his own. In the connection it is interesting to recall the fact that in providing for the fur- nishing of his modest dwelling he purchased seven chairs in Freeport, Pennsylvania, and that he transferred the same to his home, seven miles distant, by carrying tlie entire number on his head, while his sturdy vigor may be imag- ined when it is stated that he did not remove the load until he reached his destination. He eventually became the owner of a farm of two hundred and ten acres near Tarentum, and there he continued to be actively engaged in agricultural pursuits during the balance of his life, having disposed of the farm and removed to the town mentioned about six months before his death, which occurred in 1890. His wife, whose maiden name was ]\Iary Jane Haney, was born in that section of the Keystone state, and she is now living in the city of Pittsburgh, at the venerable age of eighty years. The father of the subject was a man of sterling integrity and became an influential citizen of his community, having served in various local offices of trust and ha^■ing been a devoted mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal church, as is also his widow. Of their eleven children eight are living at the present time. Thomas S. Wolf was the youngest son and he remained on the old homestead after the older boys had left the parental roof to estab- lish themselves independently in life, a large portion of the work of the farm thus devolving upon him in his youthful days, while his edu- cational advantages were such as were afforded in the public schools, which he attended during ;he winter months of each year until he had attained the age of seventeen years, while hs thereafter continued to assist in the work and management of the home farm until he had reached his legal majority, when he initiated his independent career by securing employment in a barrel factory, where he was engaged about three years. Tiiereafter he engaged in coal mining at Hughs, Allegheny county, Pennsyl- vania, and with this line of industry he has CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. J 243 now been identified for a period of twenty years. In 1883 he came to Osnaburg, Stark- county, wdiere he worked in tlie coal mines for several years, later carrying on operations on his own responsibility, while in January of the year igoi he entered into contract for the get- ting out of coal and clay for a local tile and brick concern, and to this contract he is now devoting his attention and is handling same with marked fidelity and ability. He has been an earnest and indefatigable worker, and hi*? integrity of purpose has never wavered in the least, so that he has at all times commanded the confidence and esteem of those with whom he has been associated in business or social life. Mr. Wolf has an attractive home in Osnaburg, the house having been erected by him in 1899. In politics he gives his allegiance to tlie Re- publican party, and his religous faith is that of the Evangelical Lutheran church, of which his wife likewise is a devoted member. Fraternally he is identified with the Indepen- dent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pythias. On the ist of January, 1885, Mr. Wolf was united in marriage to Miss Lizzie Lisbtag, ■who was born in Osnaburg, being a daughter of George and Mary Lisbtag, and they are the parents of five children, namely: George C., Nettie Grace, William S., Noble and a baby. JOHN H. MONG was born in Brown town- ship, Carroll county, Ohio, on the 24th of March, 1861, being one of tlie three children of John and Mary M. (Young) Mong, while he and his brother Philip are now the only sur- vivors of the immediate family. The father was born in Rheinberger, German, in the year 1818, and was there reared on a farm and con- tinued to follow agricultuial pursuits in the fatherland until 1846, when he emigrated to i\\c. United States, the trip being- made on a sailing vessel, which was thirty-six days in making the passage. He made his way to Indiana, and his cash capital at the time of his arrival there was represented in the sum of sixty cents. He remained in that state for a short interval, and then came to Carroll count)-, Ohio, and settled in Brown township, where he engaged in farm- ing on rented land, continuing operations in this line for about ten years, at the expiration of which he purchased the home farm of forty acres, in Osnaburg township. Stark county, which is now owned equally by his two sons. Here he continued to reside until his death, which occurred in the year 1871. For about three years he followed a threshing outfit, and with this exception his entire attention was given to agricultural pursuits from, his youth up. Upon becoming a naturalized citizen of the United States he espoused the cause of the Democratic party, and ever afterward remained a stalwart adherent of the same. He was a con- sistent member of the Reformed church, and was a man of exalted integrity and honor, ever commanding the high regard of his fellow men and living a life of signal usefulness and honor. His devoted wife, who was a true companion and helpmeet to him, was likewise a native of Rheinberger, Germany, where she was born in 1 82 1, whence she came to America with her parents in 1846, the family locating in Brown township, Carroll county, Ohio, where her mar- riage to John Mong was solemnized. She died on the homestead farm, on the 10th of May, 1 89 1, at the age of three score years and ten. She was a woman of noble attributes of charac- ter, and was a zealous and devoted member of the Reformed church. John M. Morig remained beneath the pa- rental roof until he had attained the age of twenty years, when he initiated his independent career by securing employment as a farm hand, being thus engaged for about eight years, after which he devoted about six years to working as an engineer, operating stationary and porta- ble engines. Since that time he has given the '1244 OLD LANDMARKS major portion of his attention to the mining- of coal, in which line of enterprise he has mei with gratifying success, while he is also asso- ciated with his brother in the ownership and management of the homestead farm acquired by their father so many years ago. Mr. IMong- is a bachelor, and for more than a decade past he has made his home with his brother, in Osna- burg township. He is known as a man of progressive ideas and marked business ability, while he has so ordered liis course as to retain the confidence and good will of those with whom he has come in contact. In politics he is a stalwart advocate of the principles of the Republican party, and his religious faith is that of the Reformed church, of which he has been a member from his youth up. ADAM HAY was born in Osnaburg town- ship. Stark county, Ohio, on the 17th of May, 1857, being a son of Peter and Susan (Zwah- len) Hay, whose eight children are still living, their names, in order of birth, being as follows : Margaret M., who is the wife of Samuel !Marks, of Osnabnrg township; Adam, the immediate subject of this review; John, who is a resident of Denver, Colorado ; Edward, who is in the employ of the Aultman Manufacturing Com- pany, of Canton, this county; Albert, who is likewise a resident of Canton: Susan C, who is the wife of Alien Baughman, of Portland, Oregon; Mary E., who is the wife of Jacob .Sweitzberger, of Canton township; and Cora A., who is the wife of Grant Shearer, of New York city. Peter Hay, the father of the subject, was born in Rheinbeyn, Germany, in 1830, and in 1837 he accompanied his parents on their emi- gration to America, the voyage being made on a sailing vessel, which reached New York city after an interval of thirty-six days on the At- lantic. The grandfather of our subject likewise tore the name of Adam Hav, and he came .forthwith from New York to Stark county, Ohio, and purchased a tract of land in Osna- burg township, the same having been an inte- gral portion of the farm now owned and occu- pied by the subject. Here he passed the re- mainder of his life, passing away in April, 1868, at the age of seventy-one years. Peter Hay was reared on the old homestead farm and he continued his residence in the townsliip until his death. Shortly afler his marriage he came into possession of one hundred and sixty-two acres of the homestead farm, which originally- comprised two hundred and six acres, the re- maining forty-four acres having been set off as a home for his sister, Mrs. Schwartz. Some time in the '60s he purchased two pieces of land adjoining his farm on the east and com- prising forty-four and fifty-six acres, respect- ively, while in 1881 he bought eighty-four acres which lay contiguous on the west, and in the following year acciuired the forty-four acres which had been allotted to his sister, thus mak- ing the area of his larded estate three hundred and ninety-four acres. He was a thoroughly pro.gressive and scientific farmer, and was very successful in his efforts, having developed one of the fine farm properties of the county. In politics he gave his support to the Democratic party from Ihe time cf attaining his legal ma- jority, while his religious faith was that of the Reformed church, of which bnili he and his wife were devoted members, while he held vari- ous official positions in the chtnxh. He w^as a man of sterling character, true and loyal in all the relations of life, and he held the unqualified confidence and esteem of all who knew him. His death occurred on the 17th of September, IQOI, and the community mourned the loss of one of its most able and honored citizens. Mrs. Susan CZwahlen) Hay, molher of the subject, was born in Switzerland, in the year 1831. and was twelve years of age at the time when her parents emigrated to America, taking up their abode on the farm now owned bv her brother. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. I24f Henry Zwahlen, in Osnaburg township, where they passed the remainder of their lives. She was summoned into eternal rest on the 12th of October, 1869, at the age of fifty-eight years, having been a woman of noble character and one who proved a devoted wife and mother, while her children may well "rise up and call her blessed." Adam Hay, whose name initiates this sketch, was reared on the ancestral homestead where he now resides, and his early educational privileges were such as were afforded in the district schools, his attendance being somewhat irregular, however, as he was the eldest son and was thus early called upon to assume much, of the work of the farm. In 1879 Mr. Hay was married and he then settled on what is known as the Shearer farm, of one hundred acres, adjoining the home farm, the same hav- ing been purchased by his father in the "60s. He operated the farm on shares for two years, at the expiration of which he removed to the farm which his father had purchased on the west of the homestead, and there he continued in agricultural pursuits for five years. He then, in 1886, removed to the city of Canton, where he entered into partnership with his brother John and engaged in the grocery business, the enterprise being successfully conducted for one year, at the expiratio-i of which they disposed of the same at a good profit, and for nearly two years thereafter our subject was em- ployed as a carpenter and millwright in the works of the Dueber-Hampden Company, in Canton. He tlien engaged in house carpen- try on his own responsibility, and continued in this line of enterprise for a number of years. In 1892 he engaged in the livery business in Canton, and one year later traded the same for a grocery store, of wh.icli he shortly afterward disposed. In 1896 he returned to the home farm, which he rented until the death of hi,-; father, when he purchased two hundred and six acres of land, and has here continued success- fully in agricultural pursuits to the present time, the farm being under most effective cultivation and equipped with model buildings and other permanent improvements of the best order. In politics Mr. Hay accords a stanch allegiance to the Demorcratic party, and in igoi waS' made the nominee of his paity for township trustee. He and his wife are prominent mem- bers of the Reformed church at Mapleton, in Avhich he holds the office of deacon, and fra- ternally he is identified with the Knights of Maccabees, affiliating with Malvern Tent No. 349, at Malvern, Carroll county. On the 6th of March, 1879, Mr. Hay was united in marriage to Miss Susan Starkey, who was born in Paris township, this county, being- a daughter of the late John Starkey, who was- a prominent farmer and carpenter of that town- ship. Mrs. Hay"s death occurred on the i8th of December, 1884, and she left one child,. Laura A., who remains at the paternal home.. On the 2Sth of February, 1886, Mr. Hay con- summated a second marriage, being then united to Miss Elizabeth E. Foltz, of Marshall county, Indiana, and they are the parents of one son, Earl E. PHILIP MONG was bom in Brown town- ship, Carroll county, Ohio, on the 12th of De- cember, 1863, and he received his educational discipline in the public schools of that county and Stark county, where the family took up their abode at an early day. At the age of nineteeii years he severed the home ties and se- cured employment as a farm hand, and to this line of work he continued to devote his atten- tion for a number of years, being energetic and industrious and turning his labors to good account. In 1890 he was united in marriage to Miss Margaret N. Biler, \\ho was born in Osnaburg township, on the farm which is now her home, and which is conducted so success- fully by her husband. She is a daughter of the 1246 OLD LANDMARKS late Philip Biler, who was born in the province of Alsace, France,, w hich is now a portion of the German empire, and who emigrated thence to America when a young man, becoming one of the early settlers in Osnaburg township, this county, where he developed and otherwise im- proved a good farm, upon which he passed the remainder of his life, his death occurring in 1881. After his marriage Mr. Mong set- tled on the Biler homestead, and since 1890 he has continued agricultural operations here in connection with the cultivation of the old Mong homestead, which lies contiguous. For the past twelve years he has also been asso- ciated with his brother in the development of the coal mines, devoting his attention to this work during the winter months and remaining in active supervision of his farming interests during the balance of the year. He is recog- nized as one of the able and progressive young men of the township, where his friends are in number as his acquaintances. In politics he is stanchly arrayed in support of the Republican party, and he and his wife are worthy mem- bers of the church near Mapleton. Of their four children two are living, William R. and Harry W. EDWARD A. BIECHELE is a member of one of the prominent pioneer families of the county, and who is numbered among the lepre- sentative business men of the city of Canton, controlling an important enterprise which had its inception many years ago, through the co- laboration of his father, Augustus G., and his imcle, Leopold Biechele. The subject is sole manufacturer of the Golden Star patent Swiss steam and fire copper ciieese kettles, candy pans, and also of sheet-metal work of every descrip- tion, while in his establishment are also handled furnaces, mantels, grates, tile flooring, gas fix- tures, and stoves of all kinds, while a specialty is made of plumbing work and the executing of contracts for roofing, spouting, etc., the headquarters of the business being in a large and well equipped building at 206-8 East Fifth street. This enterprise was established in the year 1853, by the firm of L. Biechele & Brother, the interested principals being Leopold and Au- gustus G. Biechele. The ongmal headquarters were located on the site of the present Dime Savings Bank, and later the firm removed to the lot on which the present building of the subject is located, said lot at the time extend- ing through from East Tuscarawas street to East Fifth street, while the building fronted on the former thoroughfare. The present build- ing, fronting on East Fifth street, was erected by the firm in the year 1879, ^"^ htre the brothers continued their partnership operations until the 20th of March, 1882, when a dissolu- tion took place, Leopold Biechele retiring, and thereafter the father of the subject continued the enterprise individually until his death, which occurred on the 22d of November, 1896. Augustus G. Biechele came of stanch Ger- man lineage, and was a sturdy representative of the valuable element of citizenship which the German fatherland has furnished to the United States. He was born in the town of Endingen, in the central portion of the province of Baden, Germany, the year of his nativity being 1828. He attended the excellent schools of his native land for the customary number of years de- fined by government law. In 1847 '^^ came to America in company with his brother Leopold, and later became associated with his brother in the establishing of the enterprise of which his son is now in control, operations being insti- tuted on a modest scale, and here he continued to reside until he was called from the scene of life's activities, having been a man of sterling character and one who held the unqualified confidence and esteem of the community in which he so long lived and labored. Li poli- tics he was a stanch advocate of the principles of the Democratic party, and while he was CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1247 never a seeker of public office, he ser\'ed most efficiently as a member of the board of trustees of the Canton water works, being loyal to his home city and ever lending his aid and influence in support of measures concerning its advance- ment and prosperity. He w^as a communicant of St. Peter's church, Roman Catholic, and con- tributed liberally to its support. In Canton, in the year 1855, was solemnized his marriage to Miss Mary A. Lothamer, a daughter of Peter Lothamer, who was born in the province of Alsace, France, whence he emigrated to the United States, and located in Canton, where he engaged in the shoe business and where he passed the remainder of his life. The mother of the subject is still living, being- seventy-one years of age at the time of this wi iting, and she likewise is a communicant and devoted member of St. Peter's church. This worthy couple be- came the parents of seven children, all of whom still reside in Canton with one exception, their names, in order of birth, being as follows : Ed- ward A., the immediate subject of this sketch; Andrew, who hves in Canton ; Tina, the widow of Dr. August Leininger; Alfred, who is en- gaged in the tin jobbing business in Canton; Ella, who is the wife of Harry Webb, of this city ; Corrine, who is the wife of James Burns, of Ix)uisville, Kentucky; and Arthur, who is engaged with the Aultman Company in Canton. Edward A. Biechele was born in the family homestead, at the corner of Third street and Cleveland avenue, in Canton, the date of his nativity being September 3, 1856. He received his early educational discipline in the public and parochial schools and the Canton Academy, and supplemented the same by a course of study in Duff's Business College, in the city of Pitts- burg, Pennsylvania, where he completed his education at the age of twenty years. He then entered his father's establishment and here learned the trade and familiarized himself with all other details of the business, so that he was eminently qualified to assume the full manage- ment of the enterprise at the death of his hon- ored father, in 1897, subsequently to which he settled up the estate and in 1899 he purchased the interests of the other heirs in the business, to which he has since given his undivided atten- tion, while through his well directed efforts he has increased its prestige and expanded its scope, controlling a large and important busi- ness in the various departments of the enter- prise. He owns valuable patents and the arti- cles manufactured in his establishment find a ready demand throughout a wide trade terri- tory. He accords an uncompromising allegiance to the Democratic party, and fraternally is iden- tified with the Benevolent and Protective Or- der of Elks, the Knights of Columbus, Wood- men of the World and Knights of the Macca- bees. He and his wife are communicants and valued members of St. John's church, Roman Catholic. In Canton, on the i8th of October, 1881, Mr. Biechele was united in marriage to Miss Lottie Trout, who was born in this city, being a daughter of Joseph Trout, concerning whom individual mention is m.ade elsewhere in this volume, and of this union have been born three children, namely: Burdeene, William Arnold and Josephine. Reverting to the life of the father of the subject, we may consistently make note of the fact that he was one of the argonauts who made their way to the state of California at the time of the ever memorable gold excitement in that section. In company with a party of Canton men he went to the Golden state in 1850, making the trip by wzy of the Isthmus of Panama, while the return trip was made by the overland route. He and his companions prospected in the gold fields and located' a valu- able mine, but they became involved in litiga- tion with an English syndicate relative to the ownership of the property and finally abandoned the claim, having remained in California two years. In the party were L. V. Barkius.. John I2/|8 OLD LANDMARKS Trout and Frank Galler, and others oi Canton, and all are now deceased except the last men- tioned. DANIEL SCHWARTZ was born in Alill- hoven, Prussia, Germany, on the 13th of May. 1826, the son of Peter and Catherine (Claty) Schwartz. He is one of seven children, of whom the only survivor besides himself is Ja- cob, a resident of Canton. Peter Schwartz is also a native of Prussian Germany, having first seen the light of day in 1789. In 1833 he came to the United States with his family. He had been a tavern-keeper in his native country and was considered a prosperous man there, so that upon his arrival in the new world he was enabled to buy eighty acres of good land in Osnaburg township, Stark county, Ohio, this tract being now owned by the heirs of hi? yoimgest son, William. The father cultivated this farm, made for himself and family a com- fortable home, and passed the remainder of his days there, his death occurring in 1857. In politics he was a firm and uncompromising Democrat, while his religous creed was in har- mony with that of the Reformed church. He was a man of sterling character and upright. Christian manhood, and was highly esteemed by all who knew him. Daniel Schwartz, the immediate subject. Avas reared under the parental roof and attended the pioneer schools of the locality, acquiring but a limited education. Tliis lack of schooling has, however, been compensated for in a large measure by a course of wide and liberal read- , ing and a close observation of men and events, so that he is today a well informed man, well able to deal successfully with the affairs of life. At the early age of fifteen years Mr. Schwartz apprenticed himself to learn the trade of shoe- making in Canton. Completing his term of apprenticeship in 1846, he went to Cincinnati, and was there employed at his trade for about two years, being for the following two years employed upon farms in that locality. In 1850 he returned to Stark county and was married, after which event he went to Waynesburg and worked as a farm hand for one year, his com- pensation being forty cents a day and every- thing found. He was economical and carefully husbanded his earnmgs, meager as they were, so that at the end of die year he found himself in the possession of almost his entire earnings for the year. Returning to Osnaburg township, he rented land for a year and then bought a home in the southern part of the township, the place comprising four and a fraction acres. Upon this little place Mr. Schwartz resided for some five years, and then purchased a farm of twenty acres near his present home farm. After remaining upon this place about seven years he disposed of it and purchased his present home farm, comprising about eighty acres of fine and well tilled land, upon which he has since made his home. During the dark days of the Civil war things were in bad shape with Mr. Schwartz, as he was still in debt for a part of the purchase price of the farm. The draft debt on the township was a heavy burden on the ta.x- payers and for a time the subject found it hard to keep things moving. Ho^vever, he pulled through, and through his persistent and strenu- ous endeavors has succeeded where many others would have failed, and is today enjoying a fair depree of prosperity. It was a severe test for him, and showed the stutif of which he is made. Indomitable industry, .^ound judgment and honorable business methods are the elements which have contributed most largely to his suc- cess, and he is today one of the most highly esteemed residents of his township. In the fall of 1850 Daniel Schwartz was united in marriage with Miss Margaret Gross- man, a native of the little republic of Switzer- land. She accompanied her parents to America when she was but three years of age, and in this country acquired a good, practical common CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1249 school education. This union has been a most happy and congenial one. and has been blessed by the birth of the following children: Jacol) and Daniel are residents of Indiana; William lives in Denver, Colorado ; Samuel is at home ; Frank resides in Louisville, this county ; Lucy is deceased ; Ellen is the wife of Charles Hay- man, of this county. Daniel Schwartz renders his political allegiance to the Republican party, and has taken i^ keen and active interest in pub- lic affairs. For ten years he served as super- visor, and was for several years a school direc- tor. Religiously he is a member of the Re- formed church, and not oniy lives a life con- sistent with the teachings of that society, but contributes liberally of his material substance to all movements having for their object the amelioration of the world's condition. He has held official station in his chuich, having been for four years deacon and two years elder. All in all, there are few men in OsnaJDurg township who have enjoyed in a larger degree than doe<; the subject the warm regard and high esteem of his neighbors, a relation which he has well merited. WALTER G. LOWE, M. D., was born in Wayne county, Ohio, on the 28th of March, 1863, being a son of Gilbert and Catherine (Armstrong) Lowe, the former of whom was born in the state of New Jersey, on the 5th of September, 1823, while the latter was born in Holmes county, Ohio, on the 9th of August, 1824. The paternal grandfather of the Doctor was Jacob C. Lowe, who was born in Auburn, New York, on tlie 9th of April, 1792, this date practically establishing the fact that the family became identified with the history of America in the colonial epoch. Jacob C. Lowe was en- gaged in the butchering business in Auburn for a number of years, and sold his meat prod- ucts in New York city. About the year 1837 he came with his family to Ohio, and for a 78 number of years he was a drover by occupa- tion, and finally he purchased a tract of land near the capital city of Columbus, reclaiming the land and eventually disposing of the property. He then purchased a farm near Fredericksburg, Wayne county, and in that town he passed the residue of Ins long and honorable life, his death occurring on the 28th of May, 1868. His wife, whose maiden name was Phoebe Kershaw, was born on Long Island, New York, on the 8th of June, 1795, of an old colonial family, and she died on the 13th of February, 1865. Of this union nine children were born, and of the number only three are living at the present time. Gilbert Lowe did not accompany his par- ents on their removal to Ohio, but remained in the state of New York, where he was reared and educated, but in 1847 l""^ joined his par- ents in the Buckeye state, being at the time about twenty-four years of age, and here he continued to be actively engaged in farming in Wayne county, until his retiren^ent from active labors, and he now resides in the village of Apple Creek, that county, while he still retains pos- session of his valuable and finely improved farm of one hundred and sixty acres, which is located in East Union township, that county. In politics for many years he gave a stanch sup- port to the Republican party, but about 1880 he transferred his allegiance to the Prohibiton party, of whose cause he has ever since been a stalwart and uncompromising advocate. His cherished and devoted wife was summoned into eternal rest on the 22d of February, 1866, at which time the subject of this review was but three years of age. They became the par- ents of four sons and three daughters, two of the children dying in infancy, while the re- maining five are living, two sons and three daughters, the Doctor having been the sixth in order of birth. Gilbert Lowe has long been a zealous member of the Methodist Episcopal cinirch, as was also his wife. Dr. Lowe was reared on the homestead farm I250 OLD LANDMARKS in Wayne county, and after securing such ad- vantages as were afforded in tlie district schools he continued his studies in the high school at Apple Creek, the Ada Normal School, and Wooster University. Thereafter he continued to be identified w ith the fanning industry until he had attained the age of twenty-three years, when, having determined to fit himself for a wider sphere of endeavor and to adopt the medi- cal profession, he initiated his work of techni- cal preparation by taking up the study of medi- cine in Apple Creek, where he had as a pre- ceptor Dr. Joseph K. King, an able and hon- ored practitioner of that county. Later he was duly matriculated in the College of Phj^sicans & Surgeons in the city of Keokuk, Iowa, where he continued his studies for one year, while in 1888 he entered the Toledo Medical College, in the city of Toledo, Ohio, where he completed the prescribed course and \vas graduated as a member of the class of 1889, receiving his de- gree of Doctor of M'edicine. His novitiate in the practice of medicine was served in the vil- lage of Burbank, Wayne county, where he re- mained one year, after which he came to his present field of labor, establishing his home and professional headquarters in Justus, Stark- county, where he has attained marked prestige and popularity and where he controls a .repre- sentative and successful practice. In politics he gives a loyal supjwrt to the principles and poli- cies of the Republican party, and he ever mani- fests a lively interest in all that touches the general welfare of the community, where he and his wife enjoy marked popularity in social v'ircles, while both are valued and active mem- bers of the United Brethren church. On the 1 8th of October, 1893, Dr. Lowe was united in marriage to Miss Almcda Hoff- man, who was born in Sugar Creek township, this county, on t!ie 29th of July, 1863, being a (laughter of Daniel and Selecta (Putman) Hoft'man, tb.e former of whom died on the 1st of February, 1895, while his widow now resides in Justus. Dr. and Mrs. Lowe have two children, C. Fay, who was born on the iSth of July, 1895, and Liez A., who was born on the .?8th of January, 1900. ALVAH P. TRUBEY, D. D. S., was born on the homestead farm, in Sugar Creek town- ship, this county, on the 31st of March, 1876, being the youngest of the eleven children born to Jacob M. and Elizabeth (Pherson) Trubey, while six of the children are still living. The father of the subject was born in Franklin county, Pennsylvania, in 1820, and when he was but three years of age his parents came to Stark comity, being numbered among its earli- est pioneers, and they located on a tract of wild land in Sugar Creek township, where they passeil their entire lives. There Jacob ]\L Tru- bey was reared to manhood, and he continued to reside on the old homestead until his death, which occurred on the 26th of May, 1902. He became one of the prominent farmers and rep- resentative citizens of that section of the county, commanding uniform confidence and esteem and being called upon to serve in various offices of public trust and responsibility. He served several years as county commissioner from his township, and for a long period was incumbent of the office of justice of the peace, while his political allegiance was given to the Rejiuljli- can party, of whose cause he was an ardent advocate. His religious faith was that of the Church of God, while his widow is a de\oted member of the United Brethren church. Jacob Trubey, the grandfather of the Doctor, w^as likewise a native of the old Keystone state, whither his father emigrated from Hesse-Cas- sel, Germany, his native province. Grand- father Trubey died on the old iiomestead farm, in Sugar Creek township, in the year 1834, having been one of the honored pioneers of the county, and one of the first to make permanent settlement in the township mentioned. It may CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 1251 further be said that his father came to America at the time of the Revolution, as a Hessian soldier. The mother of the subject still re- mains on the home farm, endeared to her through the memories and associations of the past, and she celebrated her seventy-first birth- day anniversary on the 26th of February, 1903. Dr. Trubej- remained on the old farm until he had attauied the age of sixteen years, his educational discipline up to this time having been received in the public schools. At the age noted he secured employment in various capacities, and through his earnings defrayed the expenses of his course of study in the high school at Beach City. In 1897, when twenty- one years of age, he was matriculated in the dental department *of the Ohio Medical Uni- versity, in the city of Columbus, Ohio, where he completed the prescribed three years' course, and was graduated as a member of the class of 190 1, having defrayed the expenses of his technical education through his ow'n efforts. The Doctor came forth from the university with a thor.jugh knowledge of all branches of the dental profession, whose demands under the improved niodern system are such as to re- quire distinctive surgical skill and mechanical ability, and he began the practice of his pro- fession in Beach City, where he remained six months, at the expiration of \\hich, in order to secure a wider field for his efforts he came to Canton, where he formed a professional part- nership witli Harvey B. Carl, with whom he was associated in practice until July, 1902, when he purchased the interest of his partner and has since continued an individual practice, having tasteful and well equipped offices and laboratory, and having gained a support of dis- tinctively representative order. In politics the Doctor exercises his franchise in support of the principles and policies of the Republican party. And fraternally he is identified with the Knights of Pythias and the Protective Home Circle, while he is also a member of the alumni asso- ciation of the Ohio Medical University, his alma mater. On New Year's day of the year 1902, w^as solemnized the marriage of Dr. Trubey to Miss Emma B. Caler, who was born in Beach City, this county, being a daughter of George and Elizabeth Caler, well known citizens of that place, Mr. Caler being a retired farmer. GEORGE A. JUILLIARD, as the name implies, comes of stanch French lineage, and he is a native son of la belle France, where he was ushered into the world on the 2d of January. 1834, being a sou of John N. and Anna (Bur- lette) Juilliard, both of whom were likewise natives of France, where they were reared and educated and where their marriage was solem- nized. Of their seven children six are still liv- ing, namely: Julia A., who is the widow of Thomas Hall and resides in the city of Bucyrus, Ohio; Frederick, who is a resident of Santa Rosa, California; George A., subject of this sketch ; Catherine is the wife of Eli Walker, of Louisville, this county ; August D. is a banker in New York city; and Anna is the wife of David Cahill, of Bucyrus, Ohio. The father of our subject learned the trade of shoemaking in his native land, and in 1836, when our sub- ject was but six years of age, he emigrated with his family to the United States, landing in New York city and forthwith coming to Stark county, where many of his countrymen had previously located, and shortly after his arrival he effected the purchase of a tract ot one hundred and sixty acres of heavily tim- bered land in Washington township, and there established his home. He employed men to clear the land and continued personally to de- vote his attention to his trade, realizing more profit from this source than could he have done by individually grappling with the monarch trees of the forest, and he continued to work on the shoemaker's bench for aljout forty years. 1252 OLD LANDMARKS In 1854 he disposed of his farm in Washington township and purchased the farm, in Paris township, now owned by his son George, sub- ject of this review, and tliere he continued to make his home, honored by all who knew him, until his death, wiiicli occurred on the 7th of June, 1876, at which time he was about eighty years of age. His loved and devoted wife was summoned to the "land of the leal" March 30, 1874, at the age of eighty years, both having been active and con- sistent members of the Lutheran church, while in his political proclivities he was ever an ardent advocate of the principles of the Democratic party as expounded by Jefferson and Jackson. George A. Juilliard was reared under the conditions and influences of pioneer life and early began to assist in the work of the old homestead farm in Washington township, while in the primitive log school house he conned his lessons when his services \\-ere not in requisi- tion at home, and weli he remembers the little "institution of learning,"' with its puncheon floor, slab benches and its yawning and cavern- ous fire-place, which the boys supplied with fuel which they chopped during the noontide recess. He remained on the home farm until he at- tained maturity and, being the only son left at home, much of the management of the place devolved upon him, and he thus continued in charge of the farm until the death of his father, whom he had accompanied on the removal from. Washington township to Paris township. Aft- er the death of liis father Mr. Juilliard pur- chased the interests of the other heirs and thus came into sole possession of the homestead, which he has ever since retained, and here he continued to be successfully engaged in diversi- fied farming and stock-raising until the year 19CX), having made excellent improvements on the place and developed it into one of the valu- able farms of the township. In the year men- tioned he leased his farm and removed to the village of Paris, where he has since lived a re- tired life. The attractions of the bachelor's life have proved sufficient to retain him in the ranks of the celibates, but he is fully appre- ciative of the charms of home life and enjoys entertaining his many friends with the genial cheer so characteristic of him in his intercourse with his fellow men. In politics Mr. Juilliard has ever been stanchly arrayed in the ranks of the Democratic party, and his religious faith is that of the Lutheran church. Fraternally he is a valued frater of JuiUiard Lodge No. 460, Free and Accepted Masons, in the village of Louisville, said lodge having been named in honor of his brother Charles L. AMOS B. MASE was born in Bethlehem township. Stark county, Ohio, on the 13th of September, 1850, the son of Henry and Sarah A. (Kern) Mase, and is one of three children, the others being Elamina, the wife of William Staum, a resident of Portage county, this state, and Christina, who is the wife of Levi Lash and resides in Bethlehem township this county. Henry Mase, the subject's father, was born in 1 82 1 in Lebanon county, Pennsylvania, the son of Michael and Christina (Spangler) Mase. The latter couple came to Stark county, Ohio, in 1830, settling on a farm of eighty acres two miles west of Navarre. Four years later they sold this place and purchased one hundred and ninety-five acres in Bethlehem township, where they passed the remainder of tlieir days. Tire subject's father was reared upon this latter place and on the 13th of January,' 1847, '^'^'^s united in mar- riage with Miss Sarah A. Kern. Shortly after his marriage Mr. Mase purchased seventy-five acres of land adjoining his father's farm and there settled down to the pursuit of farming. He resided upon that place until 1859, when he purchased eighty-four acres comprising the farm upon which the subject now resides. Up- on this place he resided until his death, though ■ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1253 prior to that time he had bought another eighty-acre tract adjoining, making a total landed estate of one hundred and sixty-four acres. In poHtics he was a stanch adherent of the Democratic party, though he steadfastly re- fused all offices of a public nature. He was a man of steadfast qualities and unquestioned integrity and was highly esteemed by all who knew him. His religious affiliation was with the Reformed church and for many years he held various offices in the local society to which he belonged. His death occurred on the 3d of December, 1892. Sarah A. Kern, mother of the subject, was born in the township of Bethlehem, Stark county, Ohio, March 31, 1829, the daughter of John and Christina (Baughman) Kern, who came to Stark county ii: 1828 from their native locality, Cumberland county, Pennsylvania. Upon coming to this county they settled in Bethlehem township, two miles west of Navarre, where the subject's mother was reared to womanhood. She now makes her home with the subject. She is a Avoman of marked intelligence and strength of character and by her fine womanly qualities has won and retains the warm friendship of a I'.ost of acquaintances. Amos B. Mase was reared to maturity un- der the parental roof and acquired his educa- tion in the common schools of the neighbor- hood. About 1872 he assumed charge of the liome farm and for six years conducted the same as a renter. In 1878 he purchased the l>]ace and has since continued to make this his home. From 1872 until 1881 farming was his principle occupation, though in connection therewith he also was engaged largely in the stock business, raising, buying and feeding large numbers of stock and finding in his busi- ness a source of considerable revenue. In 1 88 1 Mr. Mase entered the employ of the Mc- Cormick Harvesting Company in the capacity of local and traveling salesman, being so en- gaged until 1896 and meeting with very grati- fying success. Since the latter date Mr. Mase has found it possible to live a comparatively re- tired life, putting the active management of Ihe home farm into the hands of his son Henry. In 1872 Mr. Mase was united in the holy bonds of matrimony with Miss Esther Baker, a native of Tuscarawas county, this state, and the daughter of Henry and Catherine (Bender) Baker. Henry Baker is now a resident of Beth- lehem township, this county, and is accounted one of the foremost citizens of the township. To the subject and his wife has been born one son, Harry Clayton. The latter married Maud B. Stuck and they are the parents of one child, Archie Hazen. In matters political the subject has always been a firm and uncompromising advocate of Democratic principles and has taken an active part in advancing the interests of the party in his township. The party has twice honored him with the nomination for sheriff of Stark county. In 1897, while not successful in the race, the county going Re- publican by three thousand majority, he ran ahead of his ticket about twelve hundred votes, being defeated by about one hundred and sev- enty-five votes, thus affording striking evi- dence of his popularity and the high regard in which he is held throughout the county. He was at one time elected to the office of town- ship treasurer and efficiently filled the position for six years, to the entire satisfaction of his constituents. He takes a deep and intelligent interest in educational matters and for the re- markable period of twenty-three years served as a member of the school board, doing much effective service in the interest of the schools of his township. Fraternally Mr. Mace is a member of Massillon Lodge No. 484, Inde- pendent Order of Odd Fellows, Navarre Lodge No. 240, Knights of Pythias, John Hancock Council No. 76, Senior Order United American Mechanics, and the Grange. His religious affili- ation is with the United Brethren church, of which he is a trustee. He takes a keen inter- 1254 OLD LANDMARKS est in the ^veltare of the church and in all mat- ters looking to the betterment of the com- munity, morally, educationally or materially. Financially he is, as already indicated, in inde- pendent circumstances, the fruit of his industry and sound business methods, and few men in his county stand as high in public esteem as does he. DANIEL W. DeHOFF was born in Nimi- shillen township. Stark county, Ohio, on the 7th of October, 1842, being a son of Anthony and Barbara (Metz) DeHoff, of whose eleven children seven are living at the present time, namely: George, who is a resident of the city of Canton, this county; Daniel W., who figures as the subject of this review; Louisa, who is the wife of Frederick Shrefler, of Darke county, Ohio; John, who maintains his home in. Indiana; Ellen, who is the wife of Isaac Shrefler, of Canton; Delilah, who is the wife of Joseph Hollihand, of Paulding county, Ohio; and Moses, who resides in Darke coun- ty, this state. The father of the subject was likewise a native of the Buckeye state, hav- ing been born on the pioneer homestead, in Co- lumbiana county, in the year 1816, a son of Henry DeHoff, who was born in the state of Maryland, Avhence he emigrated to Ohio within the first decade after its admission to state- hood, becoming one of the early settlers in Columbiana county, where he passed the resi- due of his life. Anthony DeHoff was reared to maturity on the old homestead, and in his youth he learned the trade of tinner. As early as the year 1S38 he came to the village of Louisville, Stark county, where he was shortly afterward married, and there he continued his residence one year subsequently to this event, after which he returned to his native county and settled near Georgetown, where he made his home for a numter of years, continuing in the work of his trade. Later he came again to Stark county, where he turned his attention to agricultural pursuits, and thereafter he made several removals back and forth between the two counties, and at intervals worked at his trade, in which he was exceptionally proficient, having marked mechanical talent. Though his early educational advantages, owing to the exigencies of time and place, were necessarily limited in scope, he has been endowed with very alert and receptive mental powers, ready of assimilation and an omnivorous reader, and during the course of his long and useful life he rounded out his fund of information until it may be consistently said he was a man of fine education. For many years he acted as a local clergyman of the German Baptist church, and was known as a forceful and con- vincing speaker, his utterances ever bearing the impress of earnestness and sincerity. Al- though he was eighty-six years of age he was- exceptionally well preserved, both physically and mentally, and was one to whose reminis- censes and general conversation it was a pleas- ure to listen. He stood six feet and six inches in height, and his son Samuel, now de- ceased, was six feet and seven inches in height, of consistent physique, and is said lo have been the tallest man in Stark county, where he died January 28, 1879, at the age of twenty-one years. Another son, Eli, who is likewise deceased, attained the same stature as his father. Anthony DeHoff had exceptional talent in the line of vocal music in his younger days, and e\'en at his advanced age his voice was singularly strong and sympa- thetic in timbre. For the past fifteen years he resided in the home of his son Daniel, subject of this review, and he here received the utmost filial solicitude and veneration, while he held the affectionate regard of the people of the community. He gave his support to the Democratic party from the time of his youth, and was a zealous and devoted member of the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1235 German Baptist church. He died December 9, igo2. His wife was bom in Nimishillen township, this county, in the year 1816, being a daughter of Abraham Metz, who was one of the eariiest settlers in that township, where he took up a tract of government land, which he in a large measure reclaimed from the vir- gin forest, and there he passed the remainder of his life. His son. Dr. Abraham Metz, was a celebrated eye and ear specialist at the time of his death, which occurred at Massillon, this county, and was president of the Cleveland Medical College, being a man of national repu- tation in the medical world. The mother of the subject was summoned into eternal rest in 1894, at the age of seventy-eight years. Daniel W. DeHoff, to whom this sketch is dedicated, secured his early educational train- ing in the district schools, and when but fifteen years of age he began his independent career as a farm hand, while at the age of eighteen he turned his attention to the manufacture of pipe-staves, which were shipped to foreign countries. These staves were for wine casks, and were four feet long, four inches wide and one and a half inches thick, being manufac- tured from the finest oak timber. To this line of enterprise he devoted the major portion of his time for about four years, while in 1863 he entered the employ of the Aultman Com- pany, manufacturers of agricultural machin- ery, in the city of Canton. On the 17th of December, 1864, he was united in marriage to Miss Harriet Van Voorhis, who was born in Osnaburg township, this county, being a daughter ©f Peter Van Voorhis, an honored pioneer of the count}^ concerning whom more specific mention is made in the personal sketch of his son, Abraham, appearing on another page of this work. Shortly after his marriage Mr. DeHoff took up his residence on a rented farm in Osnaburg township, and to the cultiva- tion of the same he devoted his attention for the ensuing two years. In 1867 he made his initial purchase of land, securing a tract of twenty acres, in the same township, a property now owned by David Miller. There he resided five years and then sold the place and pur- chased forty acres a short distance to the south of his original purchase, and nine years later he disposed of this property and bought eighty acres of his present fine homestead, which is located on section 21, Osnaburg township, and which has continuously been his home and field of operations to the time of this writing. In 1892 he purchased an adjoining tract of twen- ty acres, so tliat his homestead now comprises one hundred acres. On the place he has made the best of permanent improvements, includ- ing the erection of a commodious and substan- tial residence of modern architectural design and accessories, and also a fine barn, sixty-four by thirty-six feet in dimensions. At the time of the war of the Rebellion Mr. DeHoff enlisted in the home guard at the time of Morgan's famous raid through Oho, in 1863, and when, in the following year, the President issued a call for volunteers for the term of one hundred days, he enlisted as a pri- vate in Company G, One Hundred and Sixty- second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with which he remained in service until the expiration of his term, the command being assigned to de- tached duty, in the guarding of railway lines, supplies, etc. Mr. DeHoff is a member of McKinley Post No. 25. Grand Army of the Republic, in the city of Canton. In politics he accords a stanch allegiance to the Repub- lican party, and he and his wife are consistent and valued members of the Christian church. To them have been born five children, namely : Barbara E., who is the wife of William Deck- ert. of Canton township; William H., who died July 9, 1899, at the age of thirty-two years; Abraham L., a successful farmer of Canton township: Charles W., who is engaged in farming in Osnaburg township ; and Albert, who remains at the parental home. 1256 OLD LANDMARKS WIIXIAM L. DAY was bom in the fam- ily homestead, in North Market street, Can- ton, on the 13th of August, 1876, the son of Judge WilHam R. Day, and after securing his preHminary educational discipline in the public schools of his native city he continued his stud- ies in Williston Seminary, at Easthampton, Massachusetts, where he remained until 1896, Avhen he was matriculated in the law depart- ment of the State University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, where he was graduated in June, 1900, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Laws, being admitted to the bar in the same month, and within the following month he became a member of the firm of Lynch, Day & Day and has since been engaged in the work of his profession in Canton. He has shown a determination to win his legal laurels by per- sonal effort and to not rely upon the prestige of the honored name which he bears. He has to do with much important litigation and is known to be well grounded in the science of jurisprudence and to have facility in its appli- cation. In politics Mr. Day pins his faith securely to the principles and policies of the Republican party, in whose cause he takes a deep mterest. Fraternally he is identified with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, in his home city, where he enjoys marked popularity in botli business and social circles. Mr. Day was married, September 10, 1902, to Estelle McKay, of Cairo, Michigan. JOHN H. SPONSELLER was born on the homestead farm, in section 25, Canton township, this county, on the 27th of June, 185 1, being a son of Abraham and Elizabeth (Stoner) Sponseller. Abraham Sponseller was likewise a native of Stark county, having been born in the same township as his son, on the 8th of October, 1820, and being a son of John and Elizabeth (Herbster) Sponseller, the former of whom was born in Adams county, Pennsylvania, and the latter in the state of Maryland. The grandfather of the subject was born and reared in Adams county, Penn- sylvania, whence as a young man he emigrated to the wilds of Stark county, Ohio, making his advent in this section in about 1816, and taking up a tract of heavily timbered land in Canton township, reclaiming the same to culti- vation and developing a good farm, on which he lived the balance of his life. The property has consecutively remained in the possession of the family, and is now owned and occupied by his youngest son, David Sponseller. The farm is located on the Waynesburg road and on the same is what is known as the Sponseller school house, the site of which was donated by John Sponseller, grandfather of the subject. It has been utilized for the purpose ever since, so that the school is one of the landmarks of the sec- tion, and took its name from the donor. On said farm John Sponseller and his noble and devoted wife passed the residue of their lievs, honored and esteemed by all who knew them. He died at the age of eighty-four years, and his wife had attained the venerable age of near- ly ninety-two years when she was summoned into the life eternal. They were consistent members of the Lutheran church. Their eight children were as follows : Frederick, de- ceased ; Mary Sponseller Houtz, deceased ; Abraham, deceased ; John, deceased ; Cath- arine Sponseller Sellers, deceased; Julia Spon- seller Zeller, deceased ; Henry, deceased ; Da- vid, the only one living. Abraham Sponseller, father of the subject, grew up under the conditions and scenes of the pioneer epoch, contributing to the work of the homestead farm and securing his early educa- tional training in the district schools of the day, while later he supplemented this by a course of study in the Canton schools, gaining, through this means and his private reading and study, what might be considered a liberal education. He was a successful teacher for ■H ^^1 ■ ^^H ifciiiJ H ^ ^ fM^M^^ " '"l /W ^^B^' JOHN H. SPONSELLER. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 1257 several years, and was a man of excellent in- tellectual powers and unbending integrity of character. After his marriage he located on the farm on which the subject was born, and devoted the remainder of his life to agricultural pursuits, being successful in his efforts and being known as one of the progressive and pub- lic-spirited citizens of his native county. He died on his homestead farm on the 27th of August, 1S99, at the age of nearly seventy- nine years, his wife having passed away on the 7th of June, 1897, at the age of seventy-three years. He was a stanch advocate of the prin- ciples and policies of the Democratic party, and his religious faith was that of the Lutheran church, of which his wife likewise was a mem- ber. Concerning their children we enter the following brief record : John H. is the im- mediate subject of this sketch; George W. re- sides at New Berlin, this county, where he is engaged in mercantile pursuits; Samuel W. is a prosperous farmer of Plain township ; Will- iam E. resides in Canton, where he is engaged as a machinist ; Mary A. is the wife of Charles Lehr, of this city; David W. is engaged in farming in Canton township, this county ; Lucy is the wife of Douglas W. Stahl, of this city; and Augustus is engaged in farming in Perry township. John H. Sponseller was reared on the old homestead, and after availing himself of such advantages as were afforded in the district school he continued his studies in the public schools of Canton, completing- a course of study in the high school, after which he was matricu- lated in Alliance College, a Presbyterian insti- tution at Alliance, this county, being there a student for a period of three years, and effect- ively rounding out his more purely literary edu- cation. At the age of nineteen years he put liis scholastic attainments to the practical test by engaging in teaching, and for the following decade he was numbered among the popular and successful pedagogues of the county, hav- ing taught in various schools. Thereafter he served five years as deputy probate judge, dur- ing the regime of Judge Seraphim Meyer, and within this period he devoted assiduous at- tention to the specific reading of the law under the preceptorship of John C. Welty, a promi- nent member of the bar of Canton, and in 1887, upon examination before the supreme court of Ohio, he was duly admitted to the bar of the state. He thereafter served three years as deputy county auditor under Patrick L. Manly and one year during the regime of his successor, Louis A. Loichot. Li 1892 Mr. Sponseller established himself in the general practice of his profession in Canton, where he has ever since continued, and no indefinite suc- cess has attended his efforts, since his ability and devotion to his profession soon gained him recognition, while his life acquaintanceship in his native county has likewise proved an ele- ment in his success, and he has secured a rep- resentative clientele and had to do with much important litigation, being known as an able advocate, ever giving careful preparation to his causes and also being a safe and duly con- servative counsel. Li politics Mr. Sponseller has given his al- legiance unequivocally to the Democratic party from the time of attaining his majority, having cast his first presidential vote in support of Horace Greeley, while he has taken a deep interest in the party cause, in which he has been more or less active in a local way. When but twenty-one years of age he was elected town- ship assessor of Canton township and he served as such for three terms. Fraternally he is numbered among the members of the Knights of the Maccabees, and his religious views are in harmony with the tenets of the Reformed church, in which he was reared, his wife being a devoted and active member of Trinity church, of this denomination. On the loth of October, 1872, Mr. Spon- seller was united in marriage to Miss Emma I2S8 OLD LANDMARKS J. Smith, whO' was born in Perry township, this county, being a daughter of Josepl: and Nancy (Burger) Smith, her father being an inlluential farmer of that section of the coun- ty. Mr. and Mrs. Sponseller have two chil- dren, namely : Cennora E., who is the wife of Horace E. Deuble. of Canton; and Niles A., who was admitted to the bar of the state in June, 1902, and is now engaged in the prac- tice of his profession in Canton. He is, the junior member of the law firm of Sponseller & Sponseller. Niles A. Sponseller was married, on June 21, 1903, to Kathryn A. McKeon. of Cleveland, Ohio. SAMUEL GREGORY is a native son of the Buckeye state, having been born in Car- roll county on the 29th of June. 1S44, one of eight children born to James and Jane (Moody) Gregory. The names of the chil- dren who survive are as follows : Mary is the wife of James A. George, of Carrollton, Ohio; Agnes is the wife of William George, of Colorado Springs, Colorado; Eliza is the wife of H. H. Denny, of Elbert, Colorado; Emma is the wi'fe of Frank Long, of Kiowa, Colorado ; Peary is the wife of Leonard Or- rin, of Carrollton ; and the subject. James Gregory was born in Berks county, Pennsyl- vania, in tSiO, and when a boy was brought by his parents to Stark county, Ohio, the fam- ily locating in Canton township. This was early in the '20s, at which time the city of Can- ton was but a small, unpretentious hamlet. James Gregory \\as Ijut a boy when his father died, and he was reared to manhood by a Mr. Baestle. At an early age he became appren- ticed to the trade of cabinetmaking, at which he worked for some years in Canton, with George Raunk. Subsequently he removed to Carroll county, this state, where he was mar- ried, and where he remained during the rest of his active years. In advanced age he went to reside with a daughter in Minerva, and died there, at the age of eighty-five years, on Feb- ruary 26, 189S. He was a well known man and was noted as a fifer, being probably the most skillful performer upon that instrument in the United States. His services as a fifer were in great demand and he was present at all the reunions and musters in his section of the state, and sometimes even at greater dis- tances. He carried on the business of under- taking for some years in connection with his cabinetmaking and made many coffins for use in his locality. In politics he was a stanch Republican, taking a keen interest in the suc- cess of his party, while in religion he was allied with the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he was long a faithful and consistent member. Because of his faithful and con- sistent life he won and retained the highest re- gard and esteem of all who knew him. Samuel Gregory remained under the pa- rental roof until his twentieth year, and early became inured to hard toil. He is indebted to the common schools of his neighborhood for his mental discipline. Upon attaining mature years he learned the trade of carpenter and was employed at -that occupation for some time. At the outbreak of the war of the Re- bellion he took a keen and anxious interest in the trend of events in the Southland. At length, feeling that his services were needed in the effort to suppress the insurrection, he enlisted, on the i6th of February, 1864, in the Twenty-sixth Ohio Independent Batter}^, un- der command of Capt. T. D. Yost, the term of his enlistment being for three years, or during the war. The battery was assigned to duty with the Southwestern army and saw much hazardous service. The subject bore his full share of the hardships and privations incident' to a soldier's life and sen-ed his countn,' faith- fully until the close of hostilities, receiving his final discharge at Columbus, Ohio, September 5, 1865. After his discharge from the army CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1259 Mr. Gregory returned home and resumed work with his father at the carpenter business. In 1868 he removed to Canton, and for three years was in the employ of A. J. Kintz. Upon quitting the latter gentleman's employ he en- tered the shops of the Aultman Company, re- maining there for eleven years. His position here was a very pleasant one, his employers being' exceptionally fair in their treatment of him. In 1882 Mr. Gregory resigned his posi- tion with the Aultman Company and purchased a farm in Osnaburg township, near Mapleton, to which he removed. He applied himself with diligence to the work of cultivating this place and in a few years became known as one of the progressive and enterprising agricultur- ists of the township. In 1895 ^''- Gregory suffered the loss of his wife, and shortly there- after removed to Mapleton and occupied the handsome and commodious residence in which he now resides. Because of his former dili- gence, wise judgment and economy, he is now enabled to live free from the cares and worries of an active life and in the enjoyment of the ease which is the rightful heritage of an honest and industrious man. On the 5th of September, 1866, Mr. Greg- on,' was united in marriage with Miss Mary Gibler, a native of Carroll county and the daughter of Daniel Gibler. To this union were born two children, — Elva E., the wife of George Shott, of Canton, and Rachel, the wife of Charles Criswell, also of Canton. As be- fore stated, Mrs. Gregory died in 1895, and in January, 1897, Mr. Gregory married Miss Cordelia H. Tressler, of Waynesburg. In politics the subject is a stanch Republican and takes a keen interest in the success of his party, though possessing no personal ambition to hold office. His religious principles are those em- bodied in the creed of the Christian (or Disci- ples') church, and in his daily life he endeavors to exemplify the teachings of the man of Naz- areth. The qualities which have made him one of the prominent and successful citizens of Stark county have also brought him the good will and esteem of his fellow citizens. After the election of McKinley Mr. Gregory was tendered a very lucrative office, which he de- clined, Mr. McKinley saying he could have anything in his gift that he felt competent to fill'. JAMES A. ROBINSON was born in the village of Washington, on the national turn- pike, in Guernsey county, Ohio, on the 12th of October, i860, and there he attended school until he had attained the age- of thirteen years, when he went to Bellaire, Belmont county, where he learned the trades of painting and paper-hanging, serving an apprenticeship of four years, during the summer seasons, while during the winter months he continued his studies in the public schools. Thereafter he passed six years in the work of his trades, at various points in the state, and on the 3d of September, 1883. at Martin's Ferry, Belmont county, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary Keller, who was born in that place, being a daughter of Henry Keller, and since his mar- riage he has lived, for varying intervals in Byesville, Bellaire, Barnesville and Columbus, Ohio, and also in Wheeling, West Virginia. In the city of Columbus he was engaged in business on his own responsibility for a period of four years, and in May, 1896, he came to Canton, where he continued to follow his trade until the ist of November, 1902, when he pur- ch.ased a half interest in the Craftsman, a paper devoted entirely to the interests of union la- bor. He has been an active worker in the labor cause for the past twenty-seven years, maintaining a duly conservative attitude and being at all times careful and discriminating in his counsels. When but fifteen years of age he was made a member of the Knights of Eabor, at Bellaire, Ohio, and even as a hoj I26o OLD LANDMARKS "he manifested a lively interest in the further- ing of the interests of the laboring man, having a supreme respect for the dignity of honest toil and endeavor, in whatever capacity. He has been delegate to various labor conventions, and since September, 1902, he has rendered efficient service in the office of district organ- izer for the American Federation of Labor, while in January, 1902, he was elected presi- dent of the Central Labor Union of Canton, where his interposition met with so appreci- ative endorsement that he was chosen as his own successor at the election in January of the present year. He was for two terms presi- dent of the local union of painters and paper- hangers in Canton, of which he is at the pres- ent time treasurer, and his various official du- ties, together with his work in connection with the Craftsman, an ably edited and managed publication, issued weekly from its office in Canton, now place such demands upon his time and attention that he has practically abandoned the active work of his trade. In politics Mr. Robinson has ever given a stanch allegiance to the Republican party, having cast his first presidential vote for James A. Garfield. In 1903 Mr. Robinson was running for the nomi- nation for mayor of the city of Canton on the Republican ticket, and was third in a field of five candidates. He was reared in the faith of the Presbyterian church, and fraternally is identified with the Junior Order of United American Mechanics. He and his wife are the parents of four interesting children, — Har- ry A., Allen C. Flora May and James A., Jr. Mr. Robinson is a man of fine intellectuality, being an omnivorous reader and a close student of the questions and issues of the hour, so that -his opinions are always based on careful analy- sis and fortified by mature judgment. Alexander Robinson, father of the subject, was bom in Washington, Guernsey county, Ohio, in 1825. beng a representative of one of the honored pioneer families of that sec- tion, where he was reared to maturity, becom- ing a most skillful artisan in the line of wood manufacturing and having been long engaged in the cabinetmaking and undertaking busi- ness. He secured liis educational discipline in the primitive log-cabin school house of the pioneer epoch, the same being equipped with puncheon floor and rudely constructed benches of slabs, but his was a mentality that was not circumscribed by the curriculum of school or college, and through personal application he be- came an excellent mathematician and also gained a good knowledge of the classical languages. Soon after the outbreak of the war of the Rebellion he tendered his services in defense of the Union, becoming a corporal in Company F, Thirtieth Ohio Volunteer In- fantry. He veteranized in 1863, and was at home on a furlough at the time when Morgan made his memorable raid through Ohio and Indiana, and he aided in repelling the invasion and also in bur}'ing the dead Confederate soU diers. In this engagement he received a wound in the right side of the face, and from the same resulted a state of chronic ulceration, from the effects of which he died, in 1881, having suf- fered much as a result of the injury and its ' sequelae. He was a stanch Republican from the time of the organization of the party, and served for eighteen consecutive years in the office of justice of the peace, while such was his integrity and honor in all the relations of life that he ever commanded the unqualified esteem of all who knew him. He was master of the local lodge of the Free and Accepted Masons at Washington until its organization lapsed, and was for many years a member of the school board, while he was an elder in the Presbyterian church. His wife, whose maiden name was Mary Jenkins, was likewise a na- tive of Guernsey county, where she was bom in the year 1833, being a daughter of James Jenkins, who emigrated to the county from Virginia in the early pioneer days. The CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 126k mother of the subject died in 1897, tliere hav- ing been nine children in the family, of whom six are yet living. William Robinson, the paternal grandfather of the subject, was born in Scotland, and his wife on the neighboring island of Guernsey. He came to America as a young man, being a cabinetmaker by trade, and he was one of the pioneers in this line of Guernsey county, where he also conducted an undertaking business, his son Alexander hav- ing learned the business under his direction. WILLIAM STEELE, M. D., is a repre- sentative of one of the honored pioneer fam- ilies of the county and was born on the old homestead farm, in Tuscarawas township, on the loth of May, 1858, being a son of John L. and Margaret M. (Christman) Steele. John L. Steele was born in this county, on the 2ist of March, 1826, being a son of James and Margaret (Latimer) Steele, who were na- tives of Pennsylvania, whence they came to Stark county in the early days of its settle- ment. The father of Margaret Latimer was Robert Latimer, who was one of the first to make a permanent settlement in Osnaburg township, while Archibald Steele, father of James and the first representative of the family in America, as well as in Stark county, was a native of the north of Ireland, whence he emi- grated to the United States about 1790. He was of stanch Scottish lineage, being a de- scendant of Robert Steele, who was driven from his native land for political reasons, and, like many another of his countrymen, took up his abode in the north of Ireland. James Steele, the grandfather of the Doctor, was a man of sterling character and wielded much influence in the pioneer community in the early day, while for a number of years he was in- cumbent of the office of justice of the peace. He died on the old homestead, in Tuscarawas township, as did also his devoted wife, who had been a true helpmeet to him during the days when he was subduing the wilderness and developing what has become one of the finest farms in this section of the Buckeye state, the homestead now being owned by the father of the subject of this sketch. John L. Steele was reared to manhood on his present farm and received such educational advantages as were afforded in the primitive log school house, with its puncheon floors and slab benches, while he early began to contribute his quota toward the reclamation and cultivation of the home farm. His marriage to Margaret M. Christman was solemnized on the 9th of January, 1852, she being a native of Westmoreland county, Penn- sylvania, and a daughter of Henry and Susan (Bash) Christman. Of this union have been born three children, namely : Rev. James H., who is an able clergyman of the Reformed church ; William, who is the immediate sub- ject of this review; and Ida, who is the wife of John Erb. John L. Steele has been a stanch adherent of the Republican party from the time of its organization and has served as treasurer of his township and also in other local offices. He and his estimable wife are among the most honored pioneer residents of Tuscarawas township and both are consistent members of the Reformed church. Dr. Steele was reared on the old homestead farm, and received his preliminary educational discipline in the public schools, after which, at the age of twenty years, he was matriculated in Heidelberg College, at Tiffin, Seneca coun- ty, Ohio, where he continued his studies, in the scientific course, for three years, withdraw- ing from the institution in his junior year, in order to enter upon the specific work of pre- paring himself for the noble profession which he had determined to adopt as his vocation in life. In the autumn of 1880 he entered the Cleveland Medical College, in the city of Cleve- land, Ohio, and there completed the thorough technical course prescribed, and was graduated 1262 OLD LANDMARKS in the spring of 1883, receiving his coveted de- gree of Doctor of Medicine and being ably fortified for the practical work of his pro- fession. Within the same spring he located in the village of Navarre, in his native county, where he has since been established in the act- ive practice of his profession. He has long since left the ranks of the many to stand among the successful few, his ability and his devotion to his profession gaining him this relative precedence. He has studied and read broadly and with marked discrimination, car- rying his investigation into every field of thought bearing upon his profession, and adopt- ing those methods and improvements which his experience and judgment indicated to him as being of practical valuation in connection with his work. Though ever heeding the du- ties of citizenship, he has never manifested po- litical ambition in a personal sense, though he gives unqualified endorsement and support to the principles and policies of the Republican party. His religious views are those of the Reformed church, in whose faith he was reared. In 1S82 Dr. Steele was united in marriage to Miss Mary McEwen, of Massillon, this county, and they are the parents of two daugh- ters, — Edith and Laura, both of whom remain at the parental home. DAVID MOTTS was born on a farm in Osnaburg township. Stark county, Ohio, on the 28th of July, 1859, being a son of Michael and Mary (Fahl) Motts, who still reside in Osnaburg township, where they hold high rank among the honored pioneers of the county. Of the father of the subject individual mention is made on other pages of this work. David Motts was reared on the parental farmstead on which he was born, and his edu- cational privileges in his youth were such as were afforded by the public schools of the lo- cality and period. Upon attaining his legal majority he initiated his independent career by assuming the management of the home farm, which he operated on shares for' about three and one-half years, at the expiration of which he became associated with his brother Eli in the purchase of the Paris grist mills, which had previously been owned by their honored fa- ther, and under the title of Motts Brothers the firm continued the enterprise until the spring of 1891, when our subject purchased his brother's interest in the mi Us and assumed the sole own- ership. In 1899 he admitted to partnership his only son, Curtis A., and simultaneously the firm name of D. Motts & Son was adopted and operations have since continued under these auspices. Soon after Mr. Motts and his broth- er purchased the property from their father they tore out the old burrs with which the mill had been equipped and then installed a full roller system and other modem accessories of the most improved design, thus making the equipment of the highest standard and en- abling them to turn out products of superior excellence and to greatly expand the scope and importance of the enterprise, which has by this means, as coupled with correct business meth- ods, energy and progressive policies, been made a profitable venture and an industry which is greatly appreciated in the community. The daily, capacity of the mill is in the output of sixty barrels of flour, and it is operated to this full capacity, while its products not only command an appreciative patronage through- out the county but are also shipped into other portions of the state, as well as into contiguous states. Mr. Motts is an ambitious, far-sighted business man and public-spirited citizen, and his efforts have not fallen short of popular ap- preciation, while he has an able and energetic coadjutor in his son, who is actively concerned in the management of this important enter- prise. In politics Mr. Motts has invariably exercised his franchise in support of the prin- DAVID MOTTS. Y>-\- ' ^if^ - c ^/^^^rwJ: JM/^r^^At CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1263 ciples of the Democratic party, of whose poh- cies he is a stanch advocate, and he and his wife are vakied and zealous members of the Reformed church in Paris, of which he has served as deacon for the past fifteen years. On the 28th of March, 1880, Mr. Motts was united in marriage to Miss Ameha A. Otto, who Hkewise was bom in Osnaburg township, this county, her father having been one of the honored pioneer farmers of said township, Avhile lie is now living retired, in the city of Canton. Mr. and Mrs. Motts have two children, — Curtis A., who is associated with his i'atlier in business, and Myrta N., who is a student in the public schools. FRED ALBRECHT.— The Albrecht fam- ily had its origin in Germany and for genera- tions beyond the memory of man its anteced- ents lived in a part of Plavaria bordering on the river Rhine. Nicholas Albrecht, the sub- ject's grandfather, was born at Seele, Bavaria, and there married Christina Engel, whose an- cestors were also among the old families of that kingdom. By occupation Nicholas was a farmer, and spent all his life in his native land, dying near the place of his birth a num- ber of years ago, and his faithful companion also departed this life and lies buried in the same locality. Of their seven children, six sons and one daughter, all but one of the former, who died in the old country, came to the United States and settled in Stark county, Ohio, where they became well and favorably known. Among these sons was one by the name of John, whose birth occurred in Ba- varia in 1820, and wdiose arrival in Stark county was some time in the year 1843. ]o\\n Albrecht came to America poor in purse, and for some time after reaching- his new home in Ohio supported himself by working as a com- mon farm laborer, receiving for his services the sum of fifty cents per day. He was a man of great industry and by prudence and thrift succeeded after a few years in getting a substantial start, judiciously investing his earnings in real estate, which in due time in- creased greatly in value. As the years went by he added to his possessions until he finally became one of the largest land owners in the county, his estate in the country at the time of his death amounting to something over seven- ty-five thousand dollars, in addition to which he also owned considerable valuable property in the city of Massillon. For a number of years he was engaged in merchandising in partnership with his brother, and it was from this business that he laid the foundation of his subsequent career as a land owner and successful agriculturist. In his business af- fairs he exercised great prudence and fore- thought, exerted considerable influence in financial circles and so deported himself as to win and retain the confidence of those with whom he had dealings, enjoying worthy pres- tige as a man and citizen. In politics he was a Republican, and while taking an active inter- est in the success of his party, never mani- fested any desire for office or public distinction. Margaret Zimmerman, wife of John Albrecht, was born in Bavaria in 1824 and became the mother of eleven children, seven of whom are living at the present time ; she is now a hale, well preserved woman of seventy-eight, and a widow, her husband having died on the 9th day of July, 1893, when seventy-three years old. Fred Albrecht, the first child of John and Margaret Albrecht, was bom in Perry town- ship, Stark county, Ohio, June 24, 1845. He spent his childhood and early youth in Mas- sillon. receiving his education in the city schools, and when old enough to work was sent to tlie farm, where he grew up a strong, well favored young man, with a proper appre- ciation of life and its responsibilities. From his father he received a substantial start and 1264 OLD LANDMARKS to this he added from time to time until he be- came the possessor of a fine landed property in Tuscarawas township, where he has since re- sided, as one of the county's leading agri- culturists. In addition to his home place and an interest in his father's estate, he recently divided one hundred and two acres of fine land among his children, besides providing liberally for their welfare in other respects when they set up domestic establishments of their own. Mr. Albrecht was married, April 2, 1870, to Miss Margaret Gorman, of Massillon, who has borne him children as follows : Henry, Amelia, Annie, Emma and Flora. In all mat- ters of business the subject has been heartily seconded by his good wife, who has proven herself a true and faithful helpmeet, contribut- ing much to his success and by her wise and judicious counsel prompting him to noble deeds and great activities in behalf of his fel- low men. None stand higher in the esteem of the public than this worthy couple, and wherever known their names are synonymous with what is' good and upright in manhood and womanhood. Politically Mr. Albrecht supports the Republican party, and religiously belongs, with his wife, to the Evangelical church of Massillon. REV. CLEMENT H. TREIBER, son of Maximilian and Amelia (Helmer) Treiber, is a native of Ohio, having been born in the city of Cleveland, on the 20th of July, 1856. His father was born in the historic old city of Stutt- gart, in the kingdom of Wurtemburg, Ger- many, in the year 1836, and his mother was born in Kaiserlautern, kingdom of Bavaria. By occupation Maximilian Treiber was a stone cutter and stone mason, having learned this dual trade in his native land, although the greater part of his active business life was passed in the United States, whither he came and located in Cleveland, where he continued to follow his chosen vocation until within a short time prior to his death, which occurred in April, 1870, while his widow resides at Berea, Ohio, near Cleveland. Their marriage was solemnized in Cleveland, and of the same were born children as follows : Joseph, who was drowned at the age of twelve years ; Clem- ent H., who is the subject of this review; Al- bert, who died at the age of nine years; Ru- dolph, who is agent for the live-stock exchange of Kansas City, Missouri; Otto, who is secre- tary of the Van Cleve Glass Company, of Cleve- land; Rosa, living in Cleveland; and Theodore, who holds an important position with a busi- ness house in Chicago. Reverting to the life of Maximilian Treib- er, father of the subject of this sketch, it is learned that for a number of years he followed marble cutting, but that later he became a con- tractor for various kinds of stone work, in which capacity he erected some of the finest church edifices in Cleveland, as well as a num- ber of the city's largest and most pretentious public buildings. He was a master of his calling, was a man of utmost integrity and as a citizen stood high in the estimation of the people of his adopted city. He and his wife be- came communicants first of St. Mary's of the Flats, next of St. Peter's and next of St. Jos- eph's, the change in church being the result of new parishes and boundary lines being formed. Father Clement H. Treiber passed his child- hood and youth in his native city, receiving from his worthy parents instruction in moral and religious things, while this gracious disci- pline had a decided influence in moulding his character and shaping his future course in life. He was baptized by Very Rev. John H. Luhr, pastor of St. Peter's church, in Cleveland, and when of sufficient age he entered the parochial school of this church, attending the same until 1862. Then St. Joseph's parish, by a change of parochial boundaries, claimed him as a mem- ber, in consequence of which he attended its Jl)Uv C J^- tjjj.^ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1265 church and school thereafter until 1869, when he began his classical studies under the direc- tion of the Franciscan fathers at Teutopolis, Illinois. He was graduated in the college at that place in June, 1875, ^^^ ^" '^'i^ following September became a student in St. Mary's Theological Seminary, at Cleveland, where he completed a five-year course in philosophy and theology, after which he was ordained to the priesthood, in St. Jolin's cathedral, by Bishop Gilmour, the ceremony taking place on the 4th of July, 18S0. After a fortnight's vacation Father Treiber was assigned to the charge of the missions at Mineral Ridge, East Palestine, Salem, Canfield and Austintown, in northeast- ern Ohio, in all of which he soon endeared him- self to his parishioners, by earnest work and kindly deeds. During the first year of his pastorate he established the houses of worship, and in i88t effected the erection of the East Palestine church and St. Paul's church, at Salem. He ministered to the people of these parishes for seven years, during which time the churches were much strengthened numer- ically and the cause of religion given an im- petus which had a decided influence for good in the several communities. Father Treiber's next charge was St. Jos- eph's church, at Crestline, Ohio, to which point he was transferred in June, 1887. Some idea of the magnitude of his work in this parish may be gleaned from the statement that within the year following he built a beautiful temple of worship, at a cost of twenty-three thousand dol- lars, while the church was free from debt save to the comparatively nominal amount of twen- ty-five hundred dollars. After ministering to this parish with great acceptability until Sep- tember, 1899, he was then commissioned by Bishop Horstmann to organize the new parish of the Immaculate Conception, in Canton, to which undertaking he at once addressed him- self most manfully and with great enthusiasm. This congregation began its career, with Fa- 79 ther Treiber as its organizer and pastor, on the 8th day of October, 1899, at which time were formulated well defined plans for the future work. Within the first three months there was purchased a large plat of ground, favorably located in the southern part of the city, and as soon as practicable thereafter a beautiful build- ing, known as the chapel school of the Immacu- late Conception, was erected and opened, for the twofold purpose of worship and education. The structure, which is erected of brick with stone trimmings, and which represents an ex- penditure of twenty-one thousand seven hun- dred dollars, is of beautiful design, is com- modious and conveniently arranged, so as to meet the requirements of the congregation for some time to come, although the numerical growth of the church will in no far distant fu- ture necessitate an edifice of enlarged propor- tions. During his pastorate of two years and nine months in the church of the Immaculate Conception he raised twenty-seven thousand dollars, and the indebtedness at the end of his ministry was but eleven thousand dollars, a fact which is significant as showing his earnest la- bors and the devoted co-operation accorded by people of the parish. Within the period men- tioned he established the parochial school, which was placed in charge of four sisters of St. Joseph, from Cleveland, who still remain as teachers, and he also arranged a home for three sisters and one for the priest, leaving the work in admirable condition for the further la- bors of his successor. Father Treiber resigned the work of this parish to enter upon a new and equally strenuous field of labor. The bishop of the diocese requested that he accept the charge of organizing a new parish in the west end of the city, under the auspices and patronage of St. Joseph. On the 15th of June, 1902, he initiated the services of the new ' church in Benskin's hall, which was thus util- ized until the 8th of March, 1903, when the basement of the new church was made ready 1266 OLD LANDMARKS for occupancy, and the edilice was dedicated June 21, 1903. In August, 1902, Father Treiber purchased the parish lots, one hundred and fifty by five hundred and fifty feet in di- mension, at a cost of ten thousand dollars, the same being attractively located at the corner of West Tuscarawas street and Columbus avenue. The church, when completed, represents an ex- penditure of thirty thousand dollars, and fronts on Bedford avenue, while the priest's residence, a fine building, with facade facing Tuscarawas street, is on Columbus avenue. The parochial school was opened September 8, 1903, with an attendance of one hundred and twenty-five pu- pils, in charge of three Sisters of St. Joseph of Cleveland. The church now has a membership of one hundred and fifty families, and its spir- itual and temporal affairs are in most pros- perous and gratifying order. Of the forty-seven years of his life Father Treiber has devoted twenty-three to the priest- hood of the holy Roman Catholic church, and within this period he has gained the highest reputation for energ}% business ability and zeal in good works. He is still as vigorous and re- sourceful as when he inaugurated his mission- ary labors, in 1880, and is really better pre- pared than ever before to carry forward the great work to which he has consecrated his life and labors. There are devolving upon him at the present time many temporal duties and responsibilities in addition to his spiritual and pastoral obligations, but he holds all as in the direct line of duty and cheerfully proceeds with the work, conscious that all is for the advance- ment of religion and the uplifting of his peo- ple. It is needless to assert in this connection that Father Treiber is a man whose varied tal- ents fit him for great usefulness in his sacred calling. Father Treiber has seemingly realized at every point of progress the maximum po- tential for accomplishment at that point. Broad-minded and charitable, erudite and de- vout, he well deserves the high regard thus ac- corded, as his efforts have been fruitful of good results in winning many souls to the higher life. In the spiritual sphere of his labors Fa- ther Treiber is zealous, earnest, serious and ex- act, setting forth the living word of the lowly Nazarene with a due sense of the burden of responsibility resting upon him in his sacerdotal ofiice, while naught of materialism is ever per- mitted to encroach upon or in any way inter- fere with that to which all else is secondary and tributary, — religion pure and undefiled. In the public service of the church he is collected, graceful and precise, using his musical talent to impress the people with the beauty and sol- emnity of its office and ceremonial. A. F. BLANTZ is a native of Stark coun- ty, Ohio, but traces his family history to Ger- many, in which country his parents, Andrew and F- (Kreser) Blantz, were born and reared. Andrew Blantz, a brick and stone mason by trade, came to America a number of years ago and settled in Stark county, Ohio, where he followed his chosen calling the rest of his life, dying at his home in the town of West Brookfield, Tuscarawas township, in 1901, aged seventy-eight years; his widow survives him, and still lives in the above village, having reached the age of seventy-six. Mr. Blantz was a man of great industry, an efficient work- man and his standing as a citizen was such as to win the esteem of the people among whom he lived. In politics he was a Democrat, in religion a Catholic, in which church his wife was also reared. Mr. and Mrs. Blantz were the parents of nine children, all but two living, A. F. Blantz was born in West Brookfield, Tuscarawas township, July 4, 1867, and spent his childhood and early youth in that town, securing his educational training in the public schools. His father owning a farm not far from the village, young Blantz was put to CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1267 work thereon as soon as old enough to be of practical service, and in this way learned the lessons of industry and thrift which have marked his career in all of his subsequent un- dertakings. He continued a tiller of the soil until about the year 1885, when he 'abandoned agriculture and became a mining engineer, in which capacity he has since been actively en- gaged in the mines of Stark county, meeting with encouraging success not only as a master of his calling, but also in the matter of adding to his material possessions. In addition to a fine residence and other valuable property in West Brookfield, Mr. Blantz owns an interest in the old family home- stead in Tuscarawas township and is well situ- ated so far as temporal wealth is concerned. He has displayed excellent business ability in his transactions, all obligations, whether writ- ten or verbal, being alike sacred to him, and by and honorable and signally useful life he has fully merited the esteem wth which he is re- garded in the community. In politics he has always been a Democrat, but while deeply in- terested in the success of his party, has avoided official position, having no aspiration in that drection. On June 9, 1892, was solemnized the mar- riage of Mr. Blantz and Miss Sophia Garver, the latter born in the town of West Brookfield, Stark county, March 15. 1869. Mrs. Blantz is the daughter of Christian and Jennie (Maulter) Garver, natives of Germany, who came to Stark county about the year 1855 and settled at West Brookfield, where the father's death occurred in 1888, at the age of sixty- three years and eight months ; Mrs. Garver, who is the mother of eight children, all living, survives her husband, and is still a resident of the above town, where she is highly es- teemed by a large circle of friends and ac- quaintances. Mr. and Mrs. Blantz have one child, a daughter by the name of Bridget S., whose birth occurred on the 29th of June, 1901. In religion the subject and wife are Catholics, and as such have been influential in promoting the success of the local church to which they be- long. They are respected by their neighbors and thus far their lives have been worthy and consistent, with nothing connected therewith which does not reflect credit upon them. LOUIS BESS LER.— Though an Amer- ican by birth, Louis Bessler is German in na- tionality, his parents, Bartholomew and Keninqunda (Brucher) Bessler, being natives of the kingdom of Bavaria. In his native country Batholomew Bessler was an iron worker, having been especially skilled as a maker of fine-edged tools, by reason of which he earned the appellation of "Knifesmith." About the year 1852 he came to America and in looking for a favorable location settled in Massillon, where he worked for some time at blacksmithing. After spending three years in the above city he removed to West Brookfield, where he opened a shop and soon secured a large and lucrative patronage, his efficiency as a mechanic winning him much more than local repute. He spent the rest of his life in this town, earned the reputation of an honorable, industrious man and praiseworthy citizen, and died March 2, 1892, at the age of seventy- three. Mrs. Bessler survived her husband, and is still living, having reached her eighty- fourth year, a remarkably well preserved wo- man for her age. Mr. and A-Irs. Bessler reared a family of six children, all living, namely : Sophia, Thomas, Louis, Daniel, Mary and Frederika. Louis Bessler was born in West Brookfield, Stark county, Ohio, August 27, 1859, and spent his childhood and youthful years under the parental roof, meantime enjoying such edu- cational advantages as the town schools af- forded. When old enough to rely upon his 1268 OLD LANDMARKS own efforts he began working as a miner, first in the coal fields of Stark county and later turned his attention to something which he considered more remunerative in a region of country far remote from his native place. Actuated by a laudable ambition to acquire, if not a fortune, at least a competence, young Bessler, about 1884, went to California where he spent five succeeding years in quest of gold, visiting a number of mines in that state and experiencing the vicissitudes which usually at- tend the seekers of wealth under conditions similar to his own. At the expiration of the above period he returned to Stark county and resumed coal mining, working mostly for other parties, but at times operating upon his own responsibility. Mr. Bessler continued delving in the earth until he spent about twenty years as a miner, the meanwhile provid- ing liberally for his own comfort besides lay- ing aside a surplus with the object in view of ultimately engaging in some other line of busi- ness. In 1890 he started a meat market in West Brookfield and to this he devoted his at- tention for about seven years, disposing of his establishment in 1897 for the purpose of opening a sample room. The latter enterprise proved quite a financial success and he has conducted a very quiet and orderly place to the present lime, realizing such profits from the business as to make him one of the well- to-do men of the town. Mr. Bessler is wide-awake, shrewd and in every respect honorable in his business transactions and his reputation as an intelli- gent, enterprising man of affairs has won him the confidence and regard of the communit)'. In politics he is a stanch Democrat and makes many sacrifices for the party, in all of which he loses sight of self. He is not an office seeker, but works diligently for his friends who became candidates, deeming no effort too strenuous to promote their interest or assure their success. Religiously Mr. Bessler was born and reared within the pale of the Roman Catholic church and he adheres to its tenets, doctrines and traditions with the same loyalty as did his ancestors before him. The domestic life of Louis Bessler dates from 1 88 1, on September 30th of which year he was united in marriage with Miss Cather- ine Holtzman, of Stark county, the union be- ing blessed with children whose names and dates of birth are as follows: M. Amelia, June 26, 18S2; Olivia E., March 16, 1884; M. Esther, April 20, 1887; Stanley F., Janu- ary 6, 1890; Isabella M., May 11, 1892; Adolph S., February 3, 1894; Hilda H., April 8, 1896; William J. B., May 29, 1898, and Lillian A., July 10, 1900, the last named dying in infancy. Mr. Bessler owns a beautiful home in West Brookfield and a fine lot of twenty acres ad- joining the town, both valuable and attractive properties. He has not been sparing in sup- plying his family with comforts and con- veniences, being a liberal provider and gener- ous in his efforts to make his children happy in the home circle and contented with their lot. JOHN J. SNYDER was born on the- parental homestead in Osnaburg township, this county, on the 8th of October, 1847, ^"^ is now the only surviving child of Jacab J. and Margaret (Moke) Snyder, three other chil- dren having been born of the union. He was reared tnider the vitalizing influences of the farm and in the public schools of the locality secured his early educational discipline, which in later years he has most effectively supple- mented through keeping in touch with the questions and issues of the hour and through his active association with men of affairs. He continued to abide beneath the parental roof- tree until the time of his marriage, and when but nineteen years of age showed the energy and self-reliance which have ever been his- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 1269 dominating characteristics, since he tlien se- cured a threshing outfit which he continued i:o successfully operate for a period of five years. After his marriage, in the year 1871, he assumed charge of his father's farm and thereafter continued to operate the same on ■shares for ahout nine years, sparing no pains to consen'e his financial resources and ever looking to the establishing of himself in a po- -sition of conservative independence. After leaving the home place he rented the Frank Spiegel farm, also in Osnaburg township, for ■one year, and in the spring of 1881 he effected the purchase of a tract of ninety acres in sec- tion 6, Paris township, and forthwith removed to the same and began farming his own land. In 1887 he purchased another farm, of seventy acres, in the same township, and removed to the same, where he continued to reside until 1892, when he purchased a contiguous fifty acres and removed to this place, while two years later he still further increased his landed •estate, having retained all he had previously bought, and at this time he purchased his present homestead place of one hundred and ten acres in section 8, where he has since main- tained his home; he also has thirty-two acres in section 2. The place is equipped with sub- stantial and attractive buildings, while each of the farms is well improved and under effective cultivation, the entire landed estate of three hundred and fifty-seven acres being located within the limits of Paris township, which is one of the most attractive agricultural sections of the county. Mr. Snyder is one of the most extensive stock growers in this section, and the major portion of the products of his farm are utilized in the feeding of the stock, while he has given special attention to grading up the same and has many fine specimens of thorough-bred strains. The discrimination which he has brought to bear in the connection •has made the enterprise a very successful one, and his annual shipments are large and net him good returns. He is public-spirited and progressive and his influence and tangible aid may ever be counted upon in the promotion of all legitimate enterprises for the general good of the community, while the unqualified con- fidence and esteem of all who know him is freely extended to him. He is a stalwart ad- vocate of the principles and policies of the Republican party, but has never sought the honors or emoluments of public office. He and his wife are consistent and valued mem- bers of the Evangelical church, in whose spiritual and temporal work they take an abid- ing interest. On the 1 8th of April, 1871, Mr. Snyder was united in marriage with Miss Maria Shearer, the fourth daughter of Jonathan and Eliza Shearer. Mrs. Snyder was born near Mapleton, Ohio, July 10, 1847, and was reared by kind and Christian parents. By frugal and industrious habits she was enabled to attend Wooster University, after which she taught school until the time of her marriage. Jona- than Shearer, an industrious and prosperous farmer, noted for his many acts of kindness, was born near Mapleton, Ohio, June 8, 1819. He married Anna Eliza Lautzenheiser, to which union were born eight daughters. Mr. Shearer's ancestors were among the pioneer settlers of the county, having come from York county, Pennsylvania, in 1813. Mr. and Mrs. Snyder are the parents of four sons, to each of whom have been afforded exceptional edu- cational advantages, of which they have been most appreciative. John R., who was a gradu- ate of Mt. Union College in the year 1899, is now incumbent of the responsible office of county treasurer of Stark county and is in- dividually mentioned elsewhere in this work. Arthur T., taught school for several winters and graduated at Mt. Union College with the class of 1901, delivering the class day oration. He is now a student in the Harvard Law School. Irwin A. was married to Miss Emma 12/0 OLD LANDMARKS Krieger and now resides on one of his father's farms. He has decided to follow farming and to remain in the neighborhood of his youth. Harvey R., the youngest son, prepared at Mt. Union College and is now a junior in Harvard College. JOHN STIMMEL was born on tlie pioneer farm of his father in Paris township, this county, on the 226. of May, 1834, being a son of Peter and Elizabeth (Hagerman) Stimmel, who became the parents of eight chil- dren, of whom the only survivor is the sub- ject of this sketch. His maiden sister, Eliza- beth, died at her home in the village of Paris, this count)'-, January 5, 1903. The father was born in Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, about the year 1792, his parents having come to the old Keystone state from Germany, which was their fatherland. They died when he was a mere child and he was reared in the home of an English family, thus finally losing all familiarity with the language of his parents. As a young man he was employed on a farm and in a gristmill, and in the latter connection he gained a practical knowledge of the cooper's trade, to which he continued to devote his at- tention at intervals for a number of years. He was twice married, his second wife having been the mother of the subject. She likewise was l)orn in Pennsylvania, and their marriage was there solemnized. In 1826 they came to Stark county, and here the father effected the purchase of a farm of eighty acres, in Paris township, the same being practically in the midst of the virgin forest, so that no easy task confronted him, since he was compelled to literally hew out his farm. He succeeded in his efforts to an admirable degree and was one of the prosperous and honored citizens of the township at the time of his death, which occurred on this homestead in the year 1865. He was a Democrat in his political proclivities, and he was called upon to serve in various offices of distinctive trust and responsibility. He was first elected constable, later served several terms as township assessor, held the office of county commissioner one term, and for several years he was incumbent of the office of justice of the peace, in which con- nection it is intei^esting to record the fact that he learned to speak the German language, his mother tongue. His second wife, the mother of the subject, was summoned into eternal rest in 1844, at the age of forty-two years; she was a IMethodist. John Stimmel was reared to maturity on the homestead farm which was the place of his birth and he is indebted to the pioneer schools for his early educational discipline. He assisted in the fork of the farm until he had reached the age of eighteen years, when he left home and, after passing a short interval in Canton and Louisville, this county, he came to the village of Paris, where he entered upon an apprenticeship at the wagonmaker's trade,, and within the time he was thus working, at wages of thirteen dollars a month, he was- married, and for some six months thereafter he and liis bride managed to maintain them- selves on this meager amount, their courage being unlimited and their mutual trust in- violate. After completing his apprenticeship Mr. Stimmel was employed as a journeyman in Paris about ten years, at the expiration of which he leased the shop and contiiuied oper- ations on his own responsibility. He was an- earnest and indefatigable worker and such- was his desire to accumulate a competence for the future that the days were not long enough- for him to accomplish all his energ\' prompted, and he frequently labored far into the night. While employed as a journeyman he received ■ one dollar and twenty-five cents a day, which was considered good wages at that time, and such was his careful economy that he found it possible to save an average of one hundred dot- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1271 lars a year out of his earnings. F'rom this source, while still working as a journeyman, he was able to erect for himself a good resi- dence, and in 1871 he had accumulated a suf- ficient surplus to enable him to purchase his present home farm, of twenty-five acres, which is eligibly located one mile distant northwest from the village of Paris and in the township of the same name. He forthwith took up his abode on this place, which has ever since been his home and upon which he has made excel- lent improvements. Here he engaged in gardening and the raising of small fruits, con- ducting his operations with such discrimi- nation and care as to make the venture a profit- able one, and that in a cumulative way. For two years after coming to the farm Mr. Stim- mel continued to work at his trade at inter- vals, but eventually found it expedient to give his entire time and attention to the work of the market farm. Though he takes a proper interest in all that pertains to the wellbeing of the community he has not been an active factor in public affairs, and in politics be maintains an independent attitude, supporting such men and measures as his judgment ap- proves. Mr. Stimmel has been twice married. On the 5th of October, 1855, he was united to Miss Mary E. Turner, of Paris, a daughter of Jesse Turner, a pioneer of the county, and of this marriage were born five children, of whom the following named four survive : Arthur, who is a carpenter and blacksmith by vocation, is located in Paris; Robert is living in Indian- apolis, Indiana: Jennie is the wife of Rev. Levi Ditch, a clergj-man of the Dunkard church, now located in the state of Nebraska ; and Ellen, the wife of Ezra Stuckey, a suc- cessful farmer of Paris township, this county. The Vi'ife of Mr. Stimmel's youth was sum- moned into eternal rest in 1869, and on the 3d of April, 1871, he \\as united in marriage to Miss Mary Stimmel, who was born in Paris township, this county, a daughter of Christian and Rebecca Stimmel, who came as pioneers from Pennsylvania, and she still remains with him to solace his declining years, having been a devoted companion and helpmeet. They be- came the parents of two children, of whom the one survivor is Walter, who is engaged in mercantile business in the village of Paris. Z A DOCK NUMAN is one of the progress- ive and prosperous farmers of Osnaburg town- ship, of which section of the county he is a native son, having been born here on the 9th of February, 1847. He is one of the six chil- dren of John and Catherine (Freyfogle) Numan, and of the. number four are living at the present time, namely : John, who is a resi- dent of Allegheny, Pennsylvania; Lydia, who is the wife of Hiram Doll, of Canton, this county; Zadock, who is the subject of this sketch ; and Miranda, who is the wife of Zacha- riah Doll, of Newcastle, Colorado. The father of the subject was born in Berks county, Pennsylvania, in the year 1793, and was there reared to maturity, adopting agricultural pursuits as his vocation in life. About 1835 he emigrated with his family to Stark comity, Ohio, and here purchased a farm about three miles east of Osnaburg, in the township of the same name. Later he disposed of tliis property and purchased another tract of land, two miles east of the present village of Mapleton, in the same township, where he erected the first gristmill in this section of the county, and there he continued to do a suc- cessful business in the operation of his mill and farm for a number of years. In the early '40s he disposed of his farm and mill and purchased what is now known as the McKinley farm, one mile west of Osnaburg, where he continued to make his home during the remainder of his life, his death occurring in March, 1868. His wife survived him about six years, being summoned 1272 OLD LANDMARKS into eternal rest in 1S74. In politics he was originally a radical Whig', bnt upon the organi- zation of the Republican party he transferred his allegiance to the same and ever afterward gave to its cause an uncompromising support. He was an active and influential member of the Reformed church, in which he lield various offi- cial positions, his wife likewise being a devoted member of the church. Henry Numan, the paternal grandfather of the subject, came to Stark county in company with his son John, or perhaps somewhat later, and here passed the • remainder of his life. The maternal grand- father, George Freyfogle, who was a patriot soldier in the Continental line during the war of the Revolution, was a prominent farmer in the state of Maryland, whence he eventually came to Columbiana county, Ohio, where he remained until his death. Zadock Numan remained beneath the pa- rental rooftree until he had attained maturity, having attended the common schools and also attended the high school at Miner\-a for a short period. In 1867 he was united in marriage to Miss Sarah E. Marks, who was born in Canton township, this county, Ijeing a daughter of the late Peter Marks, who was one of the early settlers in that portion of the countv. After his marriage I\lr. Numan located on the farm of his father-in-law and there conltinvied to foIlo\^- agricultural pursuits for the ensuing f^ve vears. In 1873 he purchased his present home farm, on section 29, Osnaburg township, the same at that time comprising one hundred and twenty-four acres, and here he has ever since maintained his home. The place now comprises one hundred acres, the remaining twenty-four acres of the original tract having been sold a number of years ago. Mr. Numan is to lie distincti\-ely mentioned as one of the model farmers of the county, and a more at- tractive rural estate than his would be difficult to find in this section of the state. In politics he is a stalwart supporter of the Republican party, and while never ambitious for political preferment, he served two years in the re- sponsible office of township trustee, giving a most alile and satisfactory administration of the duties devolving ifpon him. He and his wife are the parents of four children, namely : William, who is associated with his father in the operation of the home farm ; Florence, who is the wife of Louis Deckert, a representative farmer of Canton township ; Edward, who is in the employ of Bucher & Gibbs, plow manu- facturers in Canton ; and Clara, who remains at the parental home. In the spring of 1903 Mt- Numan rented his farm and moved to Canton, where he is living a retired life. NAHUM S. RUSSELL.— In the death of Nahum S. Russell, on the i8th of November, 1891, Massillon lost one of its most dis- tinguished and valued citizens, and it is the de- sire to accord within these pages a proper tribute to his memory, avoiding undue eulogy but affording a true estimate of the man and of his accomplishment. He was president of the extensive corporation of Russell & Com- pany, manufacturers of threshing machines, horse-powers, portable traction engines and sawmills, in Massillon, and held this office un- til he retired from active business in 1888. Nahum S. Russell was born in Weston, IMiddlesex county, Massachusetts, on the 17th of February, 181 3, being the fourth in order of birth of the eleven children of Cyrus and Louisa (Stratton) Russell. The Russell family is of stanch old Scottish stock, and in Scotland occurred the birth of the great-grand- father of the subject of this memoir. Early in the eighteenth century he left the fair land of hills and heather and emigrated to America, locating in Middlesex county, Massachusetts. From the old family Bible, which is carefully treasm^ed by the family, we are able to secure much interesting ancestral data, though little S'Tuf.ijfS'^^/'lam!, dBrs iuA, /////I : CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO: ^271 is given concerning the original American pro- genitor. His son Joseph was born in Weston, Middlesex county, Massachusetts, on the 5th of July, 1745, and on the 20th of May, 1773, was solemnized his marriage to Susanna Up- ham, who was born August 20, 1751. They be- came the parents of seven children, namely : Joseph, Sukey, Sarah, Cyrus, Abigail, Syl- vanius and Clement. Cyrus Russell, father of the Russell brothers, of Massillon, was born in Weston, ]\Iassachusetts, December 17, 1784, and in 1820 he removed thence to New Hampshire, purchasing a farm at Alstead, Cheshire county. This he improved and conducted until 1829, when he removed with his family to Sutton, ' Caledonia county, Vermont, where he con- tinued to devote his attention to agricultural pursuits until his retirement from active labor, by reason of the infirmities of advancing age, and he then went to the home of his daughter in Thompson, Connecticut, where he died at the age of eighty-eight years. In politics he was originally a Whig and later a Republican, and while a resident of Massachusetts he served with credit as an officer in the war of 18 12. His wife. Louisa, was a daughter of Isaac Stratton, a farmer of Lincoln, Massachusetts, where she was born on the 8th of November, 1786. and lived to attain the age of eighty- four years. Of their children we enter at this point brief record in order of birth : Charles M. was born October i, 1806. and of him further mention will l)e made in an appending paragraph. Martha Upham was born Janu- ary 12, 1808, and became the wife of Rev. Alanson Rawson, four children being born to them, Alanson R., Mary A., Juliette and Har- riet. Harriet was born April 12, 1809. and became the wife of Milan Harris, and her death occurred in December, 1880. being sur- vived by one daughter, Harriet L. Nahum S., the next in order of birth, is the immediate subject of this memoir. Sylvanius was born August 22, 1815, and died August 18, 1844. Clement was born December 29, 181 7, was twice married, — first to Laura M. Waterman, who bore him two children, — Charles and Louisa, — and second to Mrs. Augusta Miller, no children being born of this union. Joseph K. is individually mentioned later on in this context. Sarah Susanna was born November 2^. 1825, and became the wife of Alfred O. Evans, to whom she bore one daughter, Susan S. Mrs. Evans died May 20, 185 1. Thomas H. was born May 15, 1828, and he married Ellen Dunn, five children being born of this union, while three of the number are now living, — Warren R., Laura and Harriet. Thomas H. is deceased. George L. was born October 27, 1830, and he married Sarah Galagher, who bore him one son, William C. After her death he married Martha Kennard. He is now de- ceased. Alba Allen was born May 7, 1833, ^""i first married Lorinda Chase and second Olive Cook, two children being born to the second union, Harley A. and Carrie B. ; he is now de- ceased. Of Nahum S. Russell, a previous publi- cation has offered an appreciative estimate, the same having been written prior to his death, but the words are well worthy of perpetuation at this point, as outlining his career, and inci- dentally those of his brothers, with whom he was so long and intimately associated in busi- ness : "Few men have had more humble be- ginnings than the Russell brothers or have achieved for themselves a brighter and clearer record as business men. By their zeal and unflagging industry they pioneered their way through an eventful past, many times dark and portentious, surviving panics and hard seasons which seemed at times ready to nivolve them in business disaster and ruin, and yet by their adherence to the principles of right and justice, coupled with their energ\' and praiseworthy fidelity to their business and its concomitant obligations, they have ever surmounted the 1274 OLD LANDMARKS difficulties uhich environed them and dis- tinguished themselves as manufacturers and stalwart business men. They are now sending their products all over the world, and the manufacture of the same gives employment at their shops to hundreds of men, and indirectly to thousands of others. Nahum, the eldest of the brothers living at the time of this writing, was reared on the home farm. His advantages for attending school were poor, since he was enabled to pursue his studies in the country schools for a short time during the winter months, working on the farm during the re- mainder of the year. In the winter of 1831 he went to Walpple, New Hampshire, to learn the trade of carpenter and joiner, serving an apprenticeship of three years' duration. Dur- ing this time he strove to improve himself in everj' way. Realizing the value of an edu- cation more extended than he had hitherto acquired, he attended the academy at Walpole during such intervals as he could spare from his work. In the spring of 1835 he removed to Keene, New Hampshire, where he remained one year, working at his trade, after which he was similiarly engaged at Virgennes and Buffalo, New York. Later he came to Ohio, taking up his residence in Cleveland, where he assisted in building the American hotel, on Superior street. He remained in Cleveland until 1838, when, in company with his brothers Charles M. and Clement, he came to Massillon, where the three brothers became associated in the building and contracting, business. On the 1st of Janua^\^ 1842. the three brothers formed a co-partnership under the title of C. M> Rus- sell & Company, for the manufacture of thresh- ing machines and horse-powers, in conjunction with their enterprise as carpenters and builders. Their capitalistic investment was but fifteen hundred dollars, and yet from the signally modest nucleus, by hard work, tireless energy' anl unflagging perseverance, they built up one of the largest and most prosperous industrial enterprises in the county, giving employment to hundreds of men." In the connection it may be stated that Charles M. Russell, the senior member of the firm, had examined the Pitt threshing machine of Buffalo, and becoming convinced that he could improve upon the same he forthwith essayed the task, and that he was successful in this initial endeavor is evidenced by the fact that his improved machine vanquished the original prototype at the Ohio state fair of 1845. Thus encouraged, the new firm vigor- ously pushed forward their manufacturing enterprise and continued to improve their Mas- sillon thresher until it distanced all competitors, while its precedence has never been permitted to wane to the present day. After the death of Charles M. Russell, in i860, the name of the firm was changed to N. S. & C. Russell, and in 1864 three others of the Russell brothers — Joseph K., Thomas H. and George L. — pur- chased interests in the business. In 1865 William K. Miller and Thomas H. Williams were admitted to the concern, the former be- ing the patentee of the Peerless mower and reaper, which was manufactured by his firm until 1 871, when it was sold to C. Russell & Company, of Canton, to which city was trans- ferred its manufacturing. In 1868 Mr. Will- iams retired from the firm and three years later Allen A., the youngest of the Russell brothers, was adnn'tted to partnership, as was also Alanson R. Rawson, a nephew, who died in 1875, at which time his interest was ac- quired by J. Walter McClymonds. On the 1st of Januar}-. 1878, Clement Russell, one of the founders of the business, withdrew from the firm ("incorporated under the old firm name of Russell & Co.), after thirty-six years of active connection therewith. Prior to 1865 the shops were located on Erie street, between Tremont and South streets, but the business had then outgrown its accommodations and the firm accordingly purchased a tract of twenty CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1275 acres south of the raidroad and erected the main structures of the present substantial plant. On the 17th of May, 1878, fire destroyed all the iron-working machinery, involving the de- struction of the entire south wing and one-half of the Erie street front of the building, while the entire stock of patterns, valued at seventy- five thousand dollars, with machinery of tan- tamount value, was a complete loss, the in- surance realized being but fifty thousand dol- lars. The firm at once rebuilt and its plant is now one of the largest and most thoroughly equipped in the country, ofifering adequate facilities for the constantly increasing business. In the autumn of 1878 the enterprise was in- corporated under the laws of the state, with a capital stock of one million dollars, a fact most significant when we recall the original capital of fifteen hundred dollars. The com- pany maintain many branch offices throughout the most diverse sections of the Union, and in addition to the manufacture of the New Mas- sillon thresher, known today as the most suc- cessful in America, the company also makes a specialty of their portable farm engine, with traction attachment. They were the first of the large manufacturers to introduce steam thresh- ing, and their engines have attained the highest reputation. The products of this great plant are sold in all agricultural sections of the United States and have been successfully in- troduced in the various European countries. South America, Australia and other foreign lands. The officers of the company at the present time are as follows : J. Walter Mc- Clymond, president; Charles M. Russell, vice- president; Edward C. Merwin, second vice- president and secretary; Charles O. Heggem, superintendent, and Jesse J. Pitts, treasurer. Of Nahum S. Russell it may be consistently said that such was his acumen, business pres- cience .and progressive policy, that he con- tributed in a large measure to the upbuilding of this gigantic industry, which continued to feel the impress of his strong individuality un- til he was summoned from the field of life's endeavors. In the light of his temporal ac- complishment we can not but pronounce him a successful man; in the light of his noble and sincere character we can not but realize that hi? life was prolific in good and in all direc- tions and that it reached its maximum of potentiality at every step. To him was ac- corded the utmost confidence and esteem in his home city and county, to whose interests he was ever loyal, and his gracious and unosten- tatious personality won to him strong and in- violable friendships. In politics he gave his allegiance to the Republican party, and his religious faith was that of the Presbyterian church. On the 27th of April, 1841, was solemnized the marriage of Nahum S. Russell to Miss Esther K. Millard, who was born in New York, on the 27th of February, 1819, being a daughter of William J. and Betsey Jerome (Ball) Millard. They were the parents of three children, namely: Flora R., who is the wife of J. Walter McCIymonds, of Massillon; Anna, who is the wife of Louis K. McCIy- monds, of New York; and Mary Louise, who died on the loth of March, 1861, at the age of nineteen years. Charles M. Russell, the eldest of the brothers of the subject, was likewise a citizen of marked prominence and influence. He was born in Middlesex county, Massachusetts, on the 1st of October, 1806, and accompanied his parents on their removal thence to New Hampshire and later to Vermont. His fine mental gifts and sturdy self-reliance enabled him to make good the lack of early educational advantages, and yet it was a slight presage of the eminence he was to attain in the industrial world when we revert to his early labors on the farm and to his later efforts as a contrac- tor and builder. Of his career after coming to Massillon, in the spring of 1838, we quote from 1275 OLD LANDMARKS a previous publication : "Tlie genius of Mr. Russell would never permit him to pursue the beaten path, but wherever there were imper- fections in his way improvements marked his course, and this characteristic, added to his great energy and enlarged enterprises, never permitted him to rest until the manufactured articles of his firm had deserved and acquired a reputation surpassing that of all others. The unerrnig judgment of the Russell brothers did not rest with the securing of the greatest pres- tige for their tlireshers, but they also estab- lished an extensive manufactory of cabinet ware in Massillon. Soon after the completion of the railroad through the town Charles M. Russell, in association with Messrs. Wellman and Davenport, erected large works for the manufacture of railroad cars, this enterprise later passing into the control of the firm of C. M. Russell & Company. ]Mr. Russell was elected to the directorate of the Pennsylvania & Ohio Railroad in 1856, retaining this office until the consolidation under the title of the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chicago Railroad Company, of which he was at once made a director, remaining such until his death. His position on the board was a prominent one and his counsels had much weight with the company, his loss being' deeply felt by those interested in the road. Within the last year of his life, in connection with ^Ir. Davenport, he invented and patented an iron railroad car. His benevolence, though exerted without ostentation, was constantly put into practice, and the unfortunate who applied to him for relief never went away empty-handed. There was no class of people who had a larger place in his regard than the mechanics, for he never forgot that he himself arose from this same class, and he was ever ready to aid and en- courage them in every consistent way. He had bee;i the chief among the citizens of Alas- sillon and, unlike many others who departed from her confines in her hour of adversity, brought about by a change in the means of intercommunication, he was always foremost in her defense and using his best energies for her welfare. Her citizens always had the bene- fit of his wise counsels and wise experiences. He was equally prompt to distribute his money to forward the best interests of the town, either in a religious, social or public point of view. His death occurred on the 19th of February, i860, and thus passed away a dear brother, a loyal friend and worthy citizen. He married Nancy Davis, but no children were born to their union." Joseph K. Russell, who was the vice-presi- dent of Russell & Compan}-, was lx)rn at Alstead, Chesliire county. New Hampshire, on the 26th of June, 1823, and well upheld the high standard of the family name through his business and civic career in Massillon. He came to this place in 1842 and served an ap- prenticeship of three years with his brothers, who were then engaged in contracting and building, having, like them, grown up on the homestead farm and secured such educational ad\-antages as were oft'ered in the primitive district schools, which he attended during the winter terms. At the expiration of the period noted his health had become so impaired that he returned to his native county, where he entered the woolen-mills of his father-in-law, at Harrisville, eventually becoming overseer of the weaving department and incidentally work- ing on one of the first power looms ever in- stalled in New England. He returned to Mas- sillon in 1863, and in Januai-y of the following year purchased an interest in the firm of N. S. & C. Russell, the title of which was at that time changed to Russell & Company, and upon the incorporation of the company he was made vice-president and superintendent of the lumber department, in which dual capacity he rendered most effective service for a long term of years. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1277 ably complementing the labors of his brothers and gaining high prestige as a citizen and rep- resentative business man. In Harrisville, New Hampshire, Joseph K. Russell was united in marriage to Miss Lucretia J. Harris, daughter of Milan Harris, one of the pioneer woolen manufacturers of New England. Mr. and Mrs. Russell became the parents of five children, as follows : Vinet S., deceased; Charles M. is vice-president of Russell & Company; Mary E. is immarried ; Louisa J. is the wife of Isaac Conrad, of Mas- sillon ; and Jessie L. is unmarried. Mrs. Rus- sell died on the 28th of February, 1S75, and subsequently Mr. Russell married Mrs. Lydia H. Harris, who was born in Nel- son, New Hampshire, a daughter of Oliver Heald. Mrs. Russell died in February, 1888, without issue, and in December, 1890, Mr. Russell married Mrs. Har- riet W. Ballard, daughter of Dr. Perkins Wal- lace, a pioneer physician and citizen of Canton, a portrait of whom may be found on another page in this volume. CHARLES N. DEWALT was born on the farm where he now resides, the date of his na- tivity having been September 29, 1865, while he is the third of the four children of Samuel S. and Barbara (Newhouse) Dewalt, the elder members of the family being as follows : Sadie, who remains at the parental home; Mary, who is the wife of McClelland Shy, of Osnaburg township, and Flora, who is the wife of Alva L. Lotz, of this township. The father of the subject is likewise a native of this township, having been born on this same homestead, where he still resides, on the 27th of December, 1838, being a son of Charles and Saloma ("Shook) Dewalt, the former of who was born in Pennsylvania and the latter in Plain town- ship, this county. Charles Dewalt was born in the year 1821, and two years later his father, Heniy Dewalt, came to Stark couaty, Ohio, settling on a tract of unimproved land one- half mile north of the present village of Osna- burg, the farm being now owned by David Gehman. There the family maintained their abode until the j'car 1S33, when the purchase of the farm now occupied by our subject was effected, the property being owned by his father, Samuel S. DcAvalt, who also makes his home here. With the children of the subject five generations of the family have thus lived on the one farm. The property was transferred by Henry Dewalt to his son Charles, in 184 1, and in 18S6 the latter devised the property by will to his son Samuel S., father of the sub- ject, who still owns the property. Both Henry and Charles Dewalt died on this farm, the former at the age of sixty-six years and the latter at the age of eighty-six. Charles Dewalt was a stanch and uncompromising advocate of the principles of the Democratic party and was. one of the highly honored and influential citi- zens of Osnaburg township, where he held the. ofP.ce of township trustee for several years. Samuel S. Dewalt, the father of the sub- ject, was reared on the old homestead farm, and at the age of eighteen years he entered upon an apprenticeship at the carpenter trade, to which he has consecutively given his atten- tion s;ive for a few years when he remained at home and cared for his honored parents in their declining days. For the past twenty years he has devoted his entire time to the work of his trade, as a contractor and builder, while our subject has had the entire charge of the farm. Samuel S. Dewalt secured his early edu- cational discipline in the primitive log school- house of the pioneer epoch, the building being equipped with puncheon fioor, slab benches, oiled paper Avindows in lieu of glass, and yawn- ing fireplace in one end of the room. From such unpretentious institutions have been "gradu- ated" some of the noblest and strongest men that our nation has ever produced, and we may well 1278 OLD LANDMARKS revert with a feeling of respect to these rude little cabins in which future greatness was thus nurtured. In politics Mr. Dewalt is a stalwart Democrat, but he has never been an aspirant for political preferment of any sort. He and his wife are both zealous members of the Re- formed church, in which he held the office of deacon for many years. Fraternally he is iden- tified with Juilliard Lodge No. 460, Free and Accepted Masons, at Louisville, and he is hon- ored as one of the sterling citizens of the coimty, being an able business man and one whose word is ever inviolable. His wife, Bar- bara ( Nevvhouse ) Dewalt, was born in Waynesburg, Sandy township, Stark county. Charles N. Dewalt, the immediate subject of this sketch, has passed practically his entire life on the homestead farm where he was bom, his early educational privileges being such as were afforded in this district schools. For eighteen months he worked at the blacksmith trade in Robertsville, this county, but was com- pelled to abandon this vocation owing to severe rheumntic troubles, and with the exception of this brief interval he has resided consecutively on the ancestral farm from the time of his birth. He assumed the entire management of the place when seventeen years of age, and is to-day recognized as one of the most progress- ive and thoroughly scientific farmers of the county, never faltering in his allegiance to the great fundamental art of agriculture and considering it worthy of his best efforts and undivided attention. He is a reader of the best classical and contemporary literature and is a man of broad and exact information and excellent intellectual powers. In politics he gives his unqualified support to the Democratic party, and in 1809 he wais first elected to the office of assessor, serving two terms, while in 1900 he was elected to the office of trustee and is the present able incumbent, being president of the board. Fraternally he is a member of Juilliard Lodge No. 460, Free and Accepted Masons, at Louisville, with which his father has been identified for many years, and he is signally appreciative of the noble teachings of this time honored fraternity. He is at the present time senior deacon of the lodge, which he had previously served for two years as wor- shipful master. He is a deacon in the Re- formed church at Robertsville, of which his wife is a member, and for the long period of ten years he gave most efficient service as super- intendent of the Sunday school. On the 2 1 St of March, 1889, in Roberts- ville, this county, Mr. Dewalt was united in marriage to Miss Minnie E. Combs, who was born in that village, being a daughter of James and Matilda Combs. Mr. and Mrs. Dewalt have had five children, of whom four surv'ive, Guy G., Floyd V., Ruth N., and E. Carme. Odane died at the age of ten months, in 1897. ABRAHAM VAN VOORHIS is a native of the old Keystone state, having been born in Washington count}% Pennsylvania, on the 12th of December, 1822, a son of Peter and Mar- garet (Sickman) Van Voorhis, of whose four- teen children seven are living at the time of this writing; Susan, the wife of Albert Glass, of Missouri ; Margaret, the widow of George Wel- ker, of Mapleton, Stark county; Sarah, the widow of Samuel Foulk, of Mapleton; Mary, the widow of George Judd, of the same place; Eliza, the wife of David Coy, of Mapleton; Harriet, the wife of Daniel Dehoff. of Osna- burg township; and Abraham, the immediate subject of this sketch. Peter Van Voorhis was of sturdy Holland ancestry and was a native of the state of New York, whence he later removed to Pennsylvania, where he remained until 1824 when he came to Stark county, Ohio, passing the first year in Canton township and then purchasing a farm of eighty acres of heavily timbered land in Osnaburg township, one and one-half miles west of the present at- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1279 tractive village of Mapleton, and there he con- tinued to make his home until his death, which occurred when he was about seventy-two years of age, his wife surviving him by about a dec- ade. Both were consistent members of the Chris- tian church and held the high regard of all who knew them, being worthy types of that sterling pioneer element which conserved the laying of firm foundations for the future prosperity and pride of this section of the state. In politics the father was originally an old-line Whig, but upon the organization of the Republican party he transferred his allegiance to the same and ever afterward supported its cause, being a man of excellent intellectual powers and ma- ture judgment and taking a deep interest in the questions of the hour. Abraham Van \''oorhis was but two years of age at the time of his parents' removal to Stark county, so that this has been his home for nearly eighty years, the locality being en- deared to him by the memories and associations of the past and by the privileges and prosperity of the present, as the glorious twentieth century swings into the cycle of the ages. As a boy he did his part' in the work of the pioneer farm, assisting in clearing off the underbrush on the new land and later in the cultivation of the fields, the duties devolving upon him being more numerous and insistent than the average farmer boy of the present day can well appre- ciate. The pioneers were not unmindful of the value of educational advantages, but the ex- igencies of time and place rendered it im- possible to make as ample provision for their children as they desired. Still from the histori- cal viewpoint we well know that some of the grandest characters in the history of our repub- lic have been "graduates" of the same sort of primitive log school-houses, with slab benches, puncheon floors, oiled-paper windows and wide fire-place, such as the subject of this sketch attended in his boyhood days. Character has been made and exalted manhood and woman- hood fostered witliin the walls of those rude little institutions of learning, and we may not revert to them with contempt or lack of appre- ciation. In such a school Mr. Van Voorhis received his eariy education, and he continued to assist in the work of the home farm until his marriage, on the Sth of December, 1842, when he was united to Miss Elizabeth Ingle, who was born on the farm where the subject now resides, and after this important event he rented the farm of Samuel Ake, in Osnaburg township, and there continued in agricultural pursuits for a period of eight years, at the ex- piration of which he purchased the farm of eighty acres, in Canton township, now owned by Douglas Fierson, which he sold soon after, while about the same time he also bought one himdred acres of the farm on which he had been living, and he continued his residence there for a further period of eight years. He then sold the one-hundred-acre farm and in 1859 pur- chased of the Ingle heirs his present fine farm of one hundred and sixty acres, where he has ever since maintained his home, having de- veloped the farm into one of the best in this part of the county, while its permanent im- provements are in keeping with the day, includ- ing a commodious and attractive residence, with many modern accessories and conveni- ences, and substantial barns and other outbuild- ings for the accommodation of stock, produce, etc. Ke is now enjoying the aftermath of his labors, in that rest and comfort which are the fitting crown to a signally active and useful career. Mrs. Elizabeth (Ingle) Van Voorhis. who had been a true helpmeet to our subject, was sum.moned into the eternal life on the 19th of February-, 1891, having become the mother, of five children, of whom only one survives, Cyrus, who has charge of the operation of the homestead farm and who is a young man of excellent business ability. On the 22d of t^'ebruary, 1893, Mr. Van Voorhis consum- mated a second union, being then married to i28o OLD LANDMARKS Mrs. Belle fjudd) Ingle, who was born in this county, a daughter of Christian Judd, a pio- neer of Stark county. It may be noted that at one time the subject was the owner of thirty- two acres of land where the village of Cook- town, this county, now stands. In politics he has been a stanch Republican from the time of the organization of the party, but has invari- ably refused to permit his name to be con- sidered in connection with nomination for office, though he has always shown a public- spirited interest in all that concerns the welfare of the community. He is a prominent and honored member of the Christian church, in which he has served as deacon for more than forty years, and no man in the community is more highly esteemed or can claim a wider circle of friends than he. Cyrus Van Voorhis was Ixirn December 9, 1848, and married, March 10, 1870, Ellen, daughter of George Judd, of Osnaburg, Their three children are : Alvesta, now Mrs. Charles Hershey; Olive, now Mrs. Robert Griffith, and I.ouis, at home. LEWIS L. DAUM was born in the prov- ince of Darmstadt, Germany, on Christmas day O'f the year 185 1, and is one of the seven children born to George L. and Catherine (Shauer) Daum, four of the number sur- viving at the present time, namely : John, who is a resident of Canton, this county; Margaret, who also resides in that city, having never married ; Leonard, who also has his home in Canton ; and Lewis L., who figures as the im- mediate subject of this review. George L. Daum was born in Darmstadt, Germany, about the year 1809, and his early educational discipline was received in the excellent schools of the fatherland, where his vocation was that of farming. In the spring of 1853 he emi- grated to the United States, in company with his wife and their five children, and came forthwith to Stark county, locating on a farm in Osnaburg township, one mile west of the village of Mapleton. He there became the owner of a small farm and there he continued to reside until his death, which occurred in the autumn of 1880, when somewhat past the age of three score years and ten. He was pos- sessed of moderate means, and after coming to America lived practically a retired life. He was a Republican in politics, and both he and his wife were devoted members of the Lutheran church. She survived him by about thirteen years, being summoned into eternal rest in 1893, at the venerable age of eighty- seven years. The subject of this sketch was about two years of age at the time of his parents' emi- gration to America, and he has thus passed essentially his entire life in Stark county, having been reared on the home farm and be- ing indebted to the public schools of the lo- cality for his early educational privileges, while the discipline thus secured has been most efifectively supplemented by self-application, broad and well directed reading and intimate association with the practical affairs of life, so that Mr. Daum stands as a man of wide information and marked intellectual strength. At the age of seventeen years he went to the city of Canton and secured work in the shops of the Aultman Company, and he was thus engaged for a period of about four years, while in later years, at intervals, he was again in the employ of this company, as an expert, his duties being in the line of setting up machines and giving instruction in regard to their opera- tion. His services were thus in requisition in the most diverse sections of the Union, and it mav be said that he was twice sent to California as a representative of the company, and worked throughout that state. In 1875, soon after his last trip to the Golden state. Mr. Daum en- gaged in the sawmilling and lumbering busi- ness in Mapleton, this county, and in 1878 he CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. I28I sold his mill site to the village, the same be- ing utilized as the site of the new school house and shortly afterward he erected a new mill, while he also received a patent on a portable sawmill which he had invented. He has since continued in the sawmill and lumber business, though this has represented but one depart- ment of his active and successful business operations, since he conducts his fine farm, near the village mentioned, and also finds his services in frequent requisition as an expert machinist, being employed by some of the largest and most important corporations. He has sawed the lumber for many of the finest houses and barns in Stark, Carroll and Tusca- rawas counties, and for twenty-six years he has operated a threshing outfit, having at the present time a most modern and improved equipment in this line and receiving a repre- sentative support throughout this section of the state. He has been employed as an expert not only by the Aultman Company, but also by the Walter A. Wood Harvester Company, while he is now handling special work for the Westinghouse Electric Company. He resides on his farm, of forty acres, one mile south of Mapleton, the same having the best of im- provements, including a commodious and at- tractive modern residence, while the place is maintained under a high state of cultivation, showing that, in the midst of the thronging exactions of a peculiarly active and busy life, he finds time to give proper supervision to his model little farm. Mr. Duam has ever been animated by a distinctive public spirit, and his influence has been exerted in a most helpful and judicious way in furthering the advancement of local interests, for he has brought to bear the same energy and business acumen which have con- served his success in his individual enterprises. He gives an unqualified allegiance to the Re- publican party and has been an active worker in its cause, having been for several years a 80 member of the county central committee. He is now serving his second term in the office of township trustee of Osnaburg township, while for the past nine years he has been clerk of the school board. He has wielded marked in- fluence in local affairs of a public nature, and his advice and counsel are sought in connection with matters of public policy as well as of private import. He and his wife are members of the Lutheran church, and fraternally he is identified with Osnaburg Lodge No. 570, Knights of Pythias, and Waynesburg Lodge No. 29, Ivniglits of the Maccabees. On the ist of April, 1875, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Daum to Miss Elizabeth Weis, who was born in Carroll county, this state, being a daughter of the late Jacob Weis, who was a stone mason by trade and vocation. Mr. and Mrs. Daum are the parents of five children, all of whom are still beneath the home roof, their names, in order of birth, being as follows: Clarence, Ida, Irena, Her- man and Walter. Mr. Daum's career has been one of con- secutive application and well directed energy, and the success which it records stands to his credit as a man of marked business sagacity and inflexible integrity of purpose, — a record which ofifers both lesson and incentive. Mr. Daum built the tile works at Mapleton in 1902 and also built the first portable sawmill ever built in Stark county. JACOB J. SNYDER is a native of the fair province of Alsace, Germany, which was still a portion of France at the time of his birth, which occurred on the 5th of May, 1820. He is the youngest son and only surviving member of a family of six children born to George H. and Margaret (Grose) Snyder, the former of whom was born in Alsace, in 1785. He was there reared to maturity and there learned the shoemaker's trade. In 1827 he emigrated to 1282 OLD LANDMARKS the United States, being forty days on the ocean, and he landed at Philadelphia, Pennsyl- vania, \\hcre he established himself in the work of his trade, also conducting a modest shoe store. There he remained until 1836, when he came to Stark county, Ohio, and here he pur- chased eighty acres of land in section 36, Osnaburg township, where his grandson, Will- iam H. Snyder, now resides. He continued to work at his trade, assigning the work and management of the farm to his son, the sub- ject of this sketch. He continued to reside on the homestead until within a short time before his death, in his seventy-fourth year, on the 1 2th of March, 1859, having passed the last few years of his life in the home of his daugh- ter, Mrs. Geiger, in Carroll county, this state. In politics he was an old-line Whig, and his religious faith was that of the Lutheran church. He was a man of fine intellect, honorable and straightforward in all his dealings, industri- ous and Godfearing, and ever devoted to his family, while with him friendship was ever held in\'io!ahle. His wife was born in Ra- baugh, Germany, in 1788, and she died on the 20th of June, 1866, at the home of her son George H., in Mapleton, this county. Jacob J. Snyder, the immediate subject of this re\iew, was seven years of age at the time of his parents' emigration to America, and he was reared to the age of si>rteen in the city of Philadelphia, where he secured his early educational discipline in the public schools, and there he early began to assist his father in the work of his trade, working on the bench as a shoemaker, in the handling" of repairs and the more common class of work. On coming to Stark county he at once gave his attention to the work of the homestead fann, and the same was to a large extent still covered with the native timber, but he proved equal to the task assigned him, and, even as a boy, showed marked discrimination in carrying on the work of improving and cultivating the farm. On the 23d of October, 1843, Mr. Snyder was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Moke, who was born in Germany, being a daughter of John Moke, who emigrated to America when she was a child, locating in Stark county as one of its pioneers. Mr. and Mrs. Snyder became the parents of four children, of whom the only survivor is John J., a successful farmer of Paris township, this county. Mrs. Snyder entered into eternal rest on the 23d of May, 1854. Mr. Snyder's second marriage occurred on the 2Sth of September, 1854, when he wedded Miss Elizabeth Groseman, who was born in the city of Buffalo, New York, being a daughter of Christian and Eliza- beth (Walzhart) Groseman, who were pio- neers of Carroll county, Ohio, where they took up their residence in 1834. Four years after his first marriage Mr. Snyder purchased a farm of eighty acres, ad- joining the parental homestead, and took up his abode thereon, but one year later, his par- ents being left alone, he returned to the old farm to care for them. In 1854 he purchased the old homestead of his father, and thus be- came owner of one hundred and sixty acres in the two contiguous tracts which he had thus purchased, the same being the southwest quarter of section 36, Osnaburg township. In 1863 he ])urchased, of Samuel Leohr. his present home farm of one hundred and sixty acres, constituting the southwest quarter of section 35, in the same township. In the spring of 1864 he took up his residence on this farm, which has ever since continued to be his home, — a period of forty years. For a number of years he gave his attention to the cultivation of both farms, but in 1895 he disposed of the old homestead farm, together with the ad- joining eighty acres which figured as his , original innxliase, the same becoming the prop- erty of his son William H., who still resides there, being one of the successful and honored farmers of this section. Mr. Snyder CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1283 has made the best of improvements on liis home farm, having erected a large and substantial residence and other good buildings, while he has placed the land under a high state of cultivation and has shown great discrimination in his efforts. He has capitalistic interests of importance and is known as one of the substantial men of the county. It has been his pleasure and gratify- ing privilege to be able to assist each of his children in securing a start in life, and his re- ward has not been denied, for they have proved altogether appreciative and accord to him the highest measure of veneration and filial solici- tude. In politics Mr. Snyder accords an un- equivocal allegiance to the Republican party, and has ever taken an active and intelligent interest in the questions and issues of the day He has never sought the honors or emoluments of public office, but his distinctive elegibility led to his selection to the office of township trustee, of which he has been incumbent two terms, bringing to I)ear in the connection the same mature judgment and business sagacity which have conserved his personal success, and tlius proving a capable and acceptable official. He is a consistent and honored member of the United Evangelical church, taking a deep interest in the spiritual and temporal advance- ment of the church and in the general cause of religion, and for many years he served as classleader of the church at Mapleton. He has given material aid in the erection of six dif- ferent church buildings. He has conducted a Sunday .school for many years and though eighty-three years old is still a regular attend- ant and teacher. She who has been his loved companion and helpmeet for more than forty years was called to the "land of the leal" on the i6th of August, 1900, but there remains to him the consolation of the memories of her pure and beautiful life and gentle womanhood, through which their wedded years were idealized. Jacob J. and Elizabeth (Groseman) Sny- der became the parents of ten children, of whom seven survive their devoted mother, namely: Ellen, who is the wife of John Weckman, of Carnegie, Pennsylvania; Will- iam H., who resides on the ancestral home- stead in Osnaburg township; Frank, who re- sides in the city of Canton; George E., a rep- resentative farmer of Paris townshp; Carrie E., wife of William Hontz, who has charge of the subject's farm; Lucinda A., the wife of Frank Haynam, of Paris township; and Emma M., wife of Sherman Singer, of Canton. WILLIAM H. SNYDER, who is one of the progressive and successful farmers of Osnaburg township, was born on the farm which is now his home, on the 27th of Sep- tember, 1857, the land having been entered by his grandfather in the pioneer days and having later been the property of his father, who is still a resident of the township, of which he is a revered and patriarchal citizen, so that the property has been in the possession of the family for three generations. He is one of ten children of Jacob J. and Elizabeth (Gross- man) Snyder, and eight of the number still survive, as is duly noted in the personal sketch of their father, elsewhere in this volume. Will- iam H. was reared on the old homestead, early beginning to lend his aid in the work of the farm, while he is indebted to the pub- lic schools for his educational privileges in his youthful days. He continued to reside on the home farm until his marriage, wliich occurred on Christmas day of the year 1884, when he was united to Miss Retta Creighton, who was born in Carroll county, this state, being a daughter of Thomas Creighton, who was of 1284 OLD LANDMARKS Irish lineage. After his marriage he assumed full charge of the homestead farm, and con- ducted the same on shares, thus continuing until 1895, when he purchased the property of his father, and since that time he has con- tinued successfully to devote his attention to the great basic industry under whose benef- icent inflneiices he was reared, while his ef- forts have been directed with that mature judgment and thorough knowledge wliich in- variably make for definite success. He is known as one of the representative farmers of the township and county, and his place is one which can not fail to challenge the at- tention of even the cursory observer, being a model of thrift and neatness and having the best of permanent improvements. The farm comprises one hundred and sixty acres, of which one-half was the original tract taken up by his paternal grandfather in the pioneer days, while the other eighty acres was the farm purchased by his father and used as the place of his frrst independent venture in con- nection with the practical activities of life, so that the homestead is one of which he may well feel proud, both from its historic associations and its value and attractiveness as one of the best farms of the township. In politics Mr. Snyder has ever been stanchly arrayed in support of the principles and policies of the Republican party, and his religious faith is that of the United Evan- gelical church, of which he is a prominent and influential member, having long taken an active part in the church work, while he has served as trustee, steward and classleader of the same and also as superintendent of the Sunday school, his wife also being a zealous worker in the church. They are held in the highest esteem in the community, and the pleasant family home is a center of unreserved and refined hospitality. Mr. and Mrs. Snyder are the parents of five children, all of whom are still members of the home circle, their names, in order of birth, being as follows: Ef^tie v., W. Rogers, Nora Alice, Ella E. Z., and Henry Roland. WILLIAM CLAPPER, who is one of the representative and influential farmers of the younger generation in Osnaburg township, was born on the farm which is now his home, on the 13th of March, 1866, being a son of John and Elizabeth (Neidig) Clapper, to whom were born nine children, namely: Hiram, who is a resident of Nimishillen town- ship, this county; Jonas, of Paris township; Hezekiah, of Osnaburg township ; Harriet, also of this township; Eliza, of Trumbull county, this state; Levi, of Osnaburg township; John, of Nimishillen township; William, the subject of this sketch; and Cora, the wife of Henry Royer, of Louisville, this county. The father of the subject was born in 1815, in this county, being a son of Henry Clapper, who came to this locality from Pennsylvania in the early pioneer days, becoming one of the first settlers in Osnaburg township, where his son John was reared to maturity on the farm, eventually becoming the owner of one hundred and sixty acres of the old homestead, and also accumu- lating other farm land. He was a man of in- telligence, energy and sterling character and through his well directed effort attained marked prosperity. He attained the venerable age of eighty-six years, his death occurring on the 2 1 St of July, 1901. His widow sur- vives him and resides on the old homestead farm with her youngest son, the subject of this review. She was born on this farm, being a daughter of John Neidig, who settled here among the early pioneers, having come hither from Pennsylvania. She has long been a de- voted member of the United Brethren church, of which her husband likewise was a consist- ent adherent, while in his political views he- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1285 was a stanch Republican from the time of the organization of the party. Wilham Clapper was reared on the home- stead farm where he now resides, contributing his quota to its work from his boyhood days and receiving- his educational training in the public schools of the township. In 1891 he assumed charge of the home farm, which he forthwith began operating on shares, thus con- tinuing until 1895, when he located on a small place of his own, one mile to the west of the homestead, but about two years later he dis- posed of his property and returned to the home place, where he has since resided. He has been successful in his agricultural enterprises, be- ing progressive, alert and discriminating, and in January, 1902, he showed his good judg- ment by expanding the scope of his operations, establishing a dairy and finding a ready market for his product in the town of Robertsville, where he has a large list of appreciative patrons. The milk and cream supplied is handled with the greatest care, in order that the maximum of purity and cleanliness may be insured, and a herd of about fifteen high-grade milch cows is kept in requisition. This depart- ment of his farming enterprise has proved very profitable and Mr. Clapper has spared no pains in catering to the best class of patrons, — those most appreciative and discriminating. He "takes an active interest in the cause of the Re- publican party, of which he is a stanch ad- herent. On the 28th of December, 1890, Mr. Clap- per was united in marriage to Miss Mary E. Sefong, daughter of Samuel Sefong, of this township, and they are the parents of four children, Bertha, Nova M., Earl and Albert. ALFRED C. EYNON is a native of the province of Ontario, Canada, having been born in the picturesque town of St. Catherines, on the ^th of September, 1859, and coming of stanch Welsh lineage. His father, Charles Eynon, was born in England, of Welsh parent- age, and was there reared and educated, the place of his nativity having been the city of Bristol, and near that place was born Miss Fannie Childs, who became his wife, she like- wise being of Welsh-English ancestry. Their marriage was solemnized in the year 1840, and they came to America on their wedding tour, their marriage having been a somewhat roman- tic one, since the mother of the subject was the daughter of a proud old English 'squire, who made serious objections to her marriage to Mr. Eynon. Her mother died when Mrs. Eynon was a child and she was reared principally in boarding schools and seminaries, so that the paternal authority was not adequate to frus- trate her plans to unite her destinies with the man of her, choice. Charles Eynon was an ex- pert machinist and patternmaker, and was superintendent of important concerns in Eng- land, as was he also after his removal to , Canada. He made his home in the town of Thorold, Ontario, during the greater portion of the time after coming to America, and there his death occurred in the year 1898, at which time he was seventy-six years of age. His widow still resides in that place, and of their nine children four are living at the present tim.e, the subject of this review having been the fifth in order of birth. Alfred C. Eynon was reared in his native province and remained at the parental home until he had attained his legal majority, while he received a good common-school education. At the age of seventeen years he entered upon an apprenticeship at the plumber's trade, in which he became an expert artisan, and he con- tinued to be employed as a journeyman in Canada until 1883, when he came to Ohio and passed one 3'ear in the city of Cleveland, after which he came to Alliance, Stark county, and entered the employ of the plumbing firm of Oby & Love, eventually becoming foreman of 1286 OLD LANDMARKS their establishment. In 1887, when Mr. Oby organized the firm of Oby & Company and located in Canton, Mr. Eynon came with him to this city, and later the subject secured an in- terest in the business, the firm of Eynon & Company succeeding that of day & Company, while one year later a reorganization took place and the firm name became the A. C. Eynon Plumbing Company, under which the business has since been continued, the concern having been incorporated in October, 1902, and the business now being conducted on the co-operative plan, five of the employes bemg given an interest in the business. The company does a large and repre- sentative business, having the most modern equipments and accessories and executing tlie highest class of work, so that a high reputation has been gained, insuring the continuous ex- pansion of the enterprise. ]\Ir. Eynon has ever given a stanch allegi- ance to the Republican party and is one of the leaders in its local ranks, having been chair- man of the Republican central committee of Stark county in 1893, while he has also served efficiently as a member of the Republican execu- tive committee and was chairman of the execu- tive committee of a McKinley day banquet. He has not been a seeker for public office, but has taken a most lively interest in the advancement of the cause of his party and is known also as a thoroughly public-spirited citizen. Fratern- ally he is identified with the Masonic order and the Knights of Pythias, while both he and his wife are members of the First Methodist Episcopal church, of Canton. Tn the city of Alliance, this county, on the 30th of June, 1S88, Mr. Eynon was united in marriage to Miss Nellie V. Haun, daughter of George and Liic)' Haun, well-known residents of that place. Mr. and Mrs. Eynon have three sons, George A., Charles Chester, and Wal- ter E. HEZEKIAH CLAPPER was born on the parental homestead, in Osnaburg township, Stark county, Ohio, on the 9th of September, 1849. being the third in order of birth of the nine children of John and Elizabeth (Neidig) Clapper, a brief record concerning the children being as follows : Hiram is a successful farmer, of Nimishillen township, this county; Jonas is similarly engaged in Paris township ; Flar- riet maintains her home in Osnaburg township, being a maiden lady ; Eliza is the wife of Joseph Barb, and resides in Trumbull county; Levi is- a prosperous farmer of Osnaburg township, and John, of Nimishillen township, while Will- iam is similarly engaged in Osnaburg town- ship ; and Cora is the \vife of Henrys Royer, of Louisville, this county. John Clapper, the father of the Subject, was- probably born in Osnaburg township, while the date of his nativity was 1815, this fact indicat- ing that the family must have become identified with the history of Stark county in the early pioneer epoch. He was a son of Henry Clapper, who emigrated from his native state of Penn- sylvan.ia to Stark county, Ohio, and here de- voted the residue of his life to agricultural pur- suits, having at one time been the owner of the farm upon which our subject now resides, while he contributed materially to the developing of the land of this section from the primeval forest into. well cultivated fields — a work which was carried forward l)y his descendants. John Clapper was reared to maturity amidst the conditions anrl en\-ironments of pioneer life, and the entire span of his useful and honoraljle life was passed within Osnaburg township, where his early educational advantages were far more limited than was the amount of sturdy labor which fell to his portion in reclaiming the land to cultivation. He became the owner of one hundred and sixty acres of the old home- stead farm and also owned for a time the present fine farm of the subject. He was a man CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 1287 of good intellectual powers and inflexible honor in all the relations of life, so that he ever held the unqualified confidence and esteem of his fellow men. He was summoned into eternal rest on the 21st of July, 1901, in the fullness of years and honors, having attained the vener- able age of eighty-six years. His widow still survives, at the age of seventy-seven years, antl continues to reside on the old homestead, so endeared to her by the associations and memor- ies of the past. John Clapper was originally a Whig in his political proclivities, but identi- fied himself with the Republican party at the time of its organization and thereafter con- tinued a stalwart advocate of its principles. He was a consistent and valued member of the United Brethren church, of which his wife like- wise has been a member from her youth. She was born on the farm where she now resides, her father, John Neidig, having come to Stariv county from Pennsylvania and cast in his lot among the first settlers of Osnaburg township. Hezekiah Clapper, the immediate subject of this sketch, was reared on the parental farm- stead, and received a common school education, while from his boyhood up he has been inti- mately associated with the great basic art of agriculture, and thus has gained an intimate and valuable knowledge of the most effective methods to be utilized in securing results from the cultivation of the soil of this section, having the advantage of personal and ancestral experi- ence. After his marriage, in 1875, he took charge of his present farm, which he operated for his father until about 1887, when he effected the purchase of the property and has since de- voted himself with marked discrimination and judgment to its cultivation, while he has not been denied a full measure of prosperity, being known as one of the substantial and progressive farmers and public-spirited citizens of the town- ship and county. In politics he is stanchly arrayed in support of the princii)les and policies of the Republican party, and both he and his wife are prominent members of the Lutheran church at Mapleton. On the 8th of April, 1875, Mr. Clapper was united in marriage to Miss Anna M. Hein, who was horn in Osnaburg township, being a daughter of Powell Hein, who emigrated hither from Germany in the pioneer days. Mrs. Clapper died on. the 2d of January, 1887, at the age of thirty-six years, and is survived by five children, namely; John H., Benjamin, Eliza- beth L., Viola C, and .\lpha T., all of these children remaining at the paternal home, and Elizabeth, who is the wife of Charles Krum- lanf, a s'.iccessful young farmer of Osnaburg township. On the 14th of March, 1889, ^^''• Clapper consummated a second marriage, being then united to Miss Elizabeth Betts, who was born in Columbiana county, this state, a daugh- ter of Henry Betts. No children have been born of this marriage. \\'ILLTAM STUART is one of the repre- i^entative business men of the city of. Canton, where he has a well equipped and metropolitan turniture establishment, the same being eligibly located at 323, 325 and Tf2'j East Tuscarawas street. He comes of the stanch old Scottish stock of the famous clan Stuart, so well known in the songs and stories of bonnie old Scotland, .\nd his record bears evidence that he possesses those sterling attributes of character which have ever designated the true Scotsman, though he hiniself is a native of the United States and was reared under its institutions. William Stuart was born in the immediate vicinity of the city of Baltimore, Maryland, Oil the 1 6th of October, i860, being a son of Plarry and Jessie (Fife) Stuart, both of whom were born in Ayrshire, Scotland, Avhere they were reared to maturity. There their marriage was solemnized and after the liirtli of two of their children they emigrated to America and located in Allegany county, Maryland, later 1288 OLD LANDMARKS removing to the vicinity of Baltimore, where Ihey passed the remainder of their lives, the father having been engaged in farming and dairying. He was left an orphan when a mere boy and won his own way in the world, pro- viding for the support of a large family, since he and his wife became the parents of ten chil- dren after coming to the United States. Harry Stuart died in 1869, at the age of forty-seven years, and his wife passed awaj' in 1S71, also aged forty-seven, both having been devoted members of the Presbyterian church and folk of sterling character. William Stuart was about ten years of age when he became doubly orphaned, and such were the exigencies of the case that his early educational advantages were limited in scope, though he made the best use of the opportuni- ties afforded and later through his own efforts effectively supplemented his rudimentary edu- cation, since he attended night school in the Bryant & Stratton Business College in Balti- more and thus was able to fortify himself for the practical responsibilities of an active busi- ness career, while he has found the entire course of life a valuable school, being a close observer and profiting from his association with men and affairs. As a boy he became identified with business affairs, receiving his early experi- ence as a clerk in a furniture and carpet store conducted by John Melia, in Baltimore, while later he was for a number of years employed bv the Baltimore Furniture Manufacturing Com- pany, and through these associations he gained an intimate knowledge of the details of the furniture business and also of the values of all lines of stock handled, so that in his individual enterprise he is a careful and discriminating buyer. In 1885 Mr. Stuart engaged in the furniture and carpet busi- ness in Baltimore, where he conducted operations on his own responsibility fo>r a period of four years, at the expiration of which, in 1889, he came to Canton. Ohio. where he established his present enterprise, which has grown to be one of the leading un- dertakings of the sort in the city, the large and representative trade having been built u.p by careful business m.ethods and fair dealings, while the stock- is at all times select and com- prehensive. He is progressive and energetic and has gained the confidence and good will of the community. In politics, while without personal ambition for official preferment of any description, Mr. Stuart accords a stanch allegiance to the Republican party and takes a proper interest in the questions of the hour and in local affairs of a public nature. He and his wife are consistent and active members of the Presbyterian chiurch. On the 26th of May, 1887, in the city ot Baltimore. Maryland. Mr. Stuart was united in marriage to Miss Isabella Eirich, who was born in New York city, being a daughter of Louis Eirich, and of this union has been born one daughter, Jessie I. GEORGE DUNBAR, Sr.— Among the distinguished and honored pioneers of Stark county stood the subject of this brief memoir, who was a man of high intellectuality and ex- alted character, \x\-\o was prompt in public af- fairs, having held offices of distinctive trust and responsibility, and who was known as an able and representative business man of Canton during the long years of his residence here. He was summoned into eternal rest on the 31st of May, 1859, and in his death the community lost an honored and valued citizen. In this connection we may state that the family is of distinguished and patrician Scottish extraction, its original home having been Dunbar castle, whose ruins are still to be seen among the fair highlands of Scotland, the same having been the scene of many historic events. John Dun- bar, the founder of the family in America, CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1289 came hither in the early colonial epoch, having been born and reared in the town of Dunbar, Hadding1:onshire, Scotland. Of the life history of George Dunbar we can not do better than to quote from an ap- preciative estimate appearing in one of the Canton newspapers at the time of his demise : "When those who have lived long among the pioneers of our state who aided in laying the foundations of society in our community, are removed from us by death, it is becoming that a proper tribute of respect be paid to their memories, and that by this means their names and their virtues may be perpetuated. The subject of this notice had passed far beyond the ordinary limit of human life,- — eighty-nine years ! How few number so many ! The de- ceased was born in Philadelphia county, Penn- sylvania, on the first day of May, 1770, and was thus six years, two months and two days of age at the time when that immortal docu- ment, the Declaration of Independence, was signed. His father, John Dunbar, soon after- ward removed to Dauphin county, Pennsyl- vania, in company with his family, comprising his wife, two sons and one daughter, George being the eldest of the children. The father having been called to participate in the perilous events of the war of the Revolution, was en- gaged as a commissary, supplying the army of General Washington at Valley Forge with such_ provisions as he could secure, and while thus engaged he contracted what was then known as camp fever and was brought to his home, where he soon afterward died, leaving his widow and children to struggle along through the tr^nng days that followed, the hardships «ntailed being the greater by reason of the dangers and uncertainties attending the prog- ress of the great struggle for national inde- pendence. Under such conditions and vicissi- tudes as these George Dunbar was reared to manhood. On the 21st of April, 1796, he was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Elliott, and they became the parents of five sons and four daughters, all of whom survived him except one son and one daughter. The first six years after his marriage were passed in Hummelstown, Dauphin county, and at the expiration of this period, in 1802, he removed to Mifflinburg, Northumberland county (now Union county), where he resided until 1814, when he came to Columbiana county, Ohio, where he made his home until 1816, in which year he came to Stark county and located in the little pioneer village of Canton. On the 1 2th of August of that year he was called upon to mourn the death of his wife. In the autumn of 1 82 1 he married Mrs. Catherine Slusser, who survived him and lived to an advanced age, her death having occurred about 1892. Mr. Dunbar ever manifested a deep interest in the growth and prosperity of Canton. Within the forty years of his residence here he wit- nessed the gradual and healthy growth of the place until, from a town of three or four hun- dred inhabitants, it had grown to a city of five thousand population, while since his death the advancement has been still more marked. By his kind and amiable disposition, his integrity, his sympathy with his neighbors in their trials and afflictions, and his fidelity to those stations of public trust which he had been called upon to fill, Mr. Dunbar won for himself the respect, the confidence and the afl^ection of all those by whom he was known. Mr. Dunbar was a notary public and had been mayor of the city and justice of the peace. He and his sons con- ducted a chair factory and did a flourishing business, manufacturing chairs of all kinds, while their trade extended into all parts of the state. Upon the death of his son George he closed out the business and thereafter lived re- tired until his death. He was at one time a member of the Ohio legislature, and during his term of service rode to and from the capital 1290 OLD LANDMARKS city of Columbus on'i:orseI)ack. tliis being prior to the era of railroad building." Mr. Dunbar was a man of fine intellectual gifts and mature judgment and was well fitted for leadership in thought and action. His opinions were always well fortified and he never lacked the courage to defend them, though he was always tolerant and chairitable in his judgment of others and his sympathy for those in afiliction was instant and helpful. In politics he gave his allegiance to the Demo- cratic party and was an active worker in its local ranks, while his religious faith was that of the Presbyterian church. No children were born of his second marriage, and of those of the first union we enter the following brief data : John, who was a talented portrait painter, died in Canton in 1877, and his grand- children, Paul and Ella Rider, are now the only descendants of the family living in Can- ton; George died in 1851 ; William was a rep- resentati\e member of the bar of Mt. Vernon, Ohio ; Allison was for a number of years sheriff of Stark county ; Horace was a successful and prominent lawyer of the county ; Mary became the wife of Eli Sowers; Elizabeth married Hiram Myers; Margaret was the wife of Doctor Sala; and Matilda died unmarried, all of the children being now deceased. Of the Rider family we may say that it was of stanch German extraction, the name . having originally been Von Renter, while the ' first representatives m Stark county were Paul and Sarah (Shorb) Rider, who came from Frederick county, Maryland, in 1823. and set- tled on a section of land in Plain township, where the Plain Center mills now stand, Mr. Rider having erected the first mill on that site. Mr. Rider died shortly after the erection of the mill. The children of their son Louis Dubarth Rider are now the only represent- atives of the family iri Stark countv, as are they also of the Dunbar family, as has been previously intimated. JEREMIAH E. SHEARER was born on the fine farmstead which is now his home, in Osnaburg township, the date of his nativity having been April 23, 1837. He was the sec- ond in order of birth of the ten children of Adam and Eliza (Clapper) Shearer, and of the numlier six survive, namely; Harriet, wha is the wife of Jeremiah Hershbei;ger, of Osna- burg township; Jeremiah E., the immediate subject of this review; William, who is a resi- dent of Waco, this county; Hezekiah, who is a successful farmer of Osnaburg township; Fleanora, who resides in the home of her brother William; and Charity, who is the wife of William Tate, of Zoar, Tuscarawas county. Adam Shearer, father^ of the subject, was born in York county, Pennsylvania, in 1809, the family having been established in the Keystone state at an early epoch in its history, the orig- inal American progenitors having emigrated thither from Germany. He bore the full pa- tronymic of his father, Adam Shearer, Sr., who came to Stark county, Ohio, about the year 1814, two of his brothers, John and Henry, and his sister, Catherine, having come here a short time previously, their father, Jacob Shearer, having acquired three quarter-sections of wild land in Osnaburg township ami tr^ms- ferred the same to his children, in order to af- ford them a start in life. The father of our subject was a child of about five years at the time of his parents" removal to Stark county, and he was rearerl to maturity on the pioneer farm, early beginning to lend his aid in reclaim- ing the land and placing it under cultivation, while his educational advantages were perforce xery limited, owing to the exigencies of time and place. He gave inception to his independ- ent career by locating on a tract of eighty acres of heavily timbered land, in Osnaburg town- ship, erecting a log house upon the same and setting himself vigorously to .the task of clear- ing o.Pf th.e forest and otherwise improving the place, his pre\ious experience giving him a CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1291 certain facility in the handling of his arduous work. After bringing a considerable portion of the land under effective cultivation he dis- posed of the property and purchased the eighty acres now owned by Daniel Dehoff, in the same township, and there he remained eleven years, at the expiration of which he sold his farm and purchased from General Augustine, wdio had been an oflker in the war of 181 2 and who was one of the honored pioneers of Stark county, the farm of one hundred and sixty acres which constitutes an integral portion of the subject's present fine landed estate. He developed this into one of the best farms in the township. making the best of improvements and showing marked discrimination in his management of his farming enterprise. In 1881 he sold the farm to our subject and removed to the village of Osnaburg, where he lived retired until his death, which occurred in 1884, at which time he was seventy-five years of age. In politics he was originally an old-line Whig, but upon the organization of the Republican party he transferred his allegiance to the same and ever afterward gave a stanch support to its principles and policies. His religious faith was that of the Lutheran church, with which he identified himself when a young man. Eliza (Clapper) Shearer, mother of the subject, was Ijorn in Osnaburg township, this county, about the year 1820, being a daughter of Henry Clapper, who came hither from Penn- sylvania shortly after the Shearers had here taken up their abode, and here she passed her entire life, honored and loved as a noble, earnest woman and as one whose influence was ever exerted for good. She lived to attain the xen- erable age of eighty years, her demise occurring in the year 1900, and she likewise was a de- voted member of the Lutheran church. Jeremiah E. Shearer was reared under the influences of the pioneer days and has been a witness of the transitions which have marked the magnificent de\-elopment of this favored section of the Buckeye state. As a boy he found it his portion to labor arduously and almost consecutively on the home farm, so that he was not able to take full advantage of even the limited educational advantages afforded by the primitive district schools. However, through personal application and association with men and affairs he has effectively supple- mented the knowledge which he gained through his somewhat irregular attendance in the schools of the early epoch, being a man of broad information and distinctive business and ad- ministrative ability. He was married in i860, and two years later he left his young wife and their one child at their home and valiantly went forth in response to the call of higher duty, grim-visaged war having reared its horrid front and the rebellious south having taken arms against the nation, which thus became as a house divided against itself. On the 12th of August, 1862, Mr. Shearer enlisted as a private in Company B, One Hundred and Fifteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with which he served three years, lacking one month, receiving his honorable discharge, in the city of Cleveland, on the i2th of July, 1865, and having made the record of a true soldier and faithful son of the republic, whose integrity he thus aided in perpetuating for future generations. The regi- ment was assigned to the Army of the Cumber- land and during the greater portion of the time was on detailed duty, in guarding railroads and block houses, having frequent skirmishes and taking part in a number of spirited engage- ments. After his return home, his father-in-law having died during his absence, Mr. Shearer purchased the latter's farm, on section 27, Osnaburg township, and there he continued to reside ab(iut sixteen years, disposing of the pro])erty in 1881 and purchasing the old home- stead of his father, as has already been noted in this connection. Here he has since main- tained his home, having a finely improved and most productive farm of one hundred and T292 OLD LANDMARKS seventy-two acres, upon which are fine build- ings, including one of the most spacious and attractive residences in the township. Mr. Shearer is essentially progressive in his atti- tude, and this is not only exemplified in the ability and success with which he has carried forward his farming enterprise, but also in the deep and helpful interest which he has shown in all that tends for the well-being of the com- munity. Though he has never been an aspirant for public office, his signal eligibility has led to his being called upon to serve in the responsible office of township trustee, of which he was in- cumbent for three terms, his political allegiance being given to the Republican party. Fratern- ally he vitalizes his interest in his old comrades of the Civil war through his association with the Grand Army of the Republic, affiliating with McKinley Post No. 25, in Canton. He and his wife hold membership in the Evangeli- cal Association and have taken a lively interest in the work of the church. On the 4th of June, i860, Mr. Shearer was united in marriage to Miss Rachel Criswell, daughter of William Criswell, a sterling pio- neer of Osnaburg township, and of this union seven children have been born, namely: Benja- min F., who is a traveling salesman; Ulysses S. G., who is engaged in the brokerage business in New York city; William, who is engaged in agricultural pursuits in Osnaburg township; Adam, at home; Homer, who also resides in that city; Grace, who is the wife of Henry Jones, who is associated with the subject in the management of the homestead farm ; and John, who died in infancv. AMOS M. HORST, deceased, was a native of Ohio, having been born in the cnuntv of Stark on the 6th day of February, 1864. His father, John Horst. also a natiAe of the same county, was born in the month of December. 1819, and on March 9, 1843, married Barbara Metzler, whose ancestors were among the old and valued people of Lancaster. John Horst was the son of Christian Horst, a native of Lancaster county and a man of considerable local prominence in the communitj^ where he lived. Some years after their marriage John Horst and wife disposed of their interests in Pennsylvania and moved to Stark county, Ohio, 5ettling in Tuscarawas township, where the former's death occurred January 29, 1870. He was the father of ten children, all deceased, the widowed mother being the only living repre- sentative of the once large and happy family. Amos ]\I. Horst was reared a farmer and followed that calling in Stark county al! his life, having been brought to Tuscarawas township when quite young. He was educated in the public schools and grew up to the full stature of well rounded manhood with a proper concep- tion of the responsibilities of life and a full ap- preciation of the duties which devolved upon him as a neighbor and a citizen. His habits of industry early led him to plan well and take advantage of opportunities and lie prosecuted his labors earnestly, always mak- ing it a point to live within his income and add to his surplus against old age or a possible sea- son of adversity, neither of Avhich exigencies were ever realized. By successful management he succeeded in accumulating a valuable estate, his landed property at the time of his death amounting to one hundred and seventy acres, nearly all tillable and highly improved, in ad- dition to which he was also the possessor of large personal interests representing several thousand dollars of capital. Mr. Horst was judicious in his business affairs, succeeded in everything to which he addressed his time and energies and his judgment of men and things was seldom at fault. In politics Mr. Horst was a Republican, but had little inclination to en- ter the arena as a party worker, though well informed upon the issues of the day. He was reared according to the rather strict but CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1293 eminently high and correct religious tenets of the Mennonite faith and to the day of his death remained a true and loyal son of the churcii and one of the most valuable members of the congregation worshiping in Pleasant township. Mr. Horst was married, November 24, 1886, to Miss Annie Eschleman, of Lawrence township, Stark county, who bore him chil- dren as follows : Grace E., born March 4, 1887 ; Arthur R., born November 13, 1891, died in infancy; Ella, born April 24, 1893, and Ralph, whose birth occurred November 25, 1896. Mr. Horst was cut down in the very prime of life and in the midst of his usefulness, being a few months past thirty-three when sum- moned by the grim messenger to join the silent majority. He died June 30, 1898, and in his sad taking off his family suffered the loss ot an almost ideal husband and father, the church one of its most faithful and efficient members and the community an honorable, upright. God- fearing citizen, whom all held in the highest confidence and esteem. Mr. Horst's maternal grandparents were Samuel and Mattie (Sensenich) Metzler, na- tives of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. They came to Stark county, Ohio, in 1835 and set- tled on a farm in Sugar Creek township, later removing to the county of Holmes, where Mr. Metzler died on the 26th day of August, 1850. Subsequently the widow returned to Stark county and here she departed this life February 24, 1882 ; she bore her husband seven children, three of whom are living at the present time. Miss Annie Eschleman, who married Amos M. Horst, was born in Lawrence township. Stark county, Ohio, July 3, 1861, the daughter of Samuel and Anna Eschleman, the father a native of Lancaster county. Penn.sylvania, the mother of Wayne county. Mr. Eschelman was born March 29, 1833. and when about four years old was brought to Stark county by his parents, Abram and Elizabeth Eschleman, of whom mention is made in the biography of Jonas Eschleman, on another page of this vol- ume. He was reared on the farm in Law- rence township where he spent the remainder of his life, became one of the enterprising and successful farmers of that part of the county, owning at one time real estate to the amount of three hundred and sixty-two acres. Of the eleven children born to Samuel and Elizabeth Eschleman eight survive, all highly regarded where they live and reflecting in their conduct the sterling characteristics for which their parents were distinguished. Mrs. Eschleman died June 19, 18S8, her husband on the loth of January, 1896. MARSHALL C. BARBER.— To the sub- ject of this sketch is accorded the unique dis- tinction of being a descendant of the first white man that settled on the present site of the flour- ishing city of Canton. According to the most- reliable information obtainable, the individual referred to was Harry Barber, a native of Con- necticut, who about the beginning of the nine- teenth century penetrated the wilderness to the present site of Steubenville, from which point, in 1804, he moved his family over the old In- dian trail into what is now Stark county and located on Nimishillen creek, selecting for his home what has long been, known in local annals as the old .Sherrick place, not far from the northern limits of the city, but within the cor- poration. The fact of his having been the first settler was long a matter of dispute among old residents and local historians, but Peter Lautzenheiser, who was known to have been here in 1806, stated that upon his arrival M;-. Barber and family were the only white people living in this part of the county and that there were no evidences of any others having pre- ceded them. The fact has also been verified by other incontrovertible proofs, in the light of which the honor of having paved the way of civilization into what is now one of the most 1294 OLD LANDMARKS enterprising and progressive sections of Ohio, and to have lieen the first white man to erect his humble cabin where one of the common- weahh's most flourishing cities and important industrial and business centers stands will al- ways belong to the sturdy old pioneer whose claims to it appear so well founded. Harry Barber and family lived a number of years where they originally settled and he appears to have been a striking example of the strong, fearless, industrious pioneer of the early times. He cleared a farm, provided as well for those dependent upon him as circum- stances would admit, lived peaceably with the Indians, and spent much of his time in pursuit of game, with which the country then abound- ed, having been a natural hunter and an \\n- erring shot with the rille. In an early day he hauled from his farm stone for the founda- tions for many of the first buildings in Can- ton, among which was the block on Avhat was formerly known as the Hazlett corner, now the McKinley block. Subsequently Mr. Bar- ber disposed of his interests here and moved to Lockport, Tuscarawas county, where he purchased land, developed a farm, and spent the remainder of his days, and where a monument now stands to liis memory. He was a soldier in the war of 1812, and preceding and follow- ing that struggle took an active part in the campaigns against the Indians throughout the northwest. After his death his widow re- turned to Canton and spent the rest of her life with her son, the subject's father. She is re- membered as a most genial and lovable old lady and would frequently entertain her grand- children by narrating her thrilling experiences on the frontier. By kind treatment, she won the friendship of the Indians, among whom she lived a number of years, gave them sugar and other things they craved, nursed their sick and in many other ways demonstrated an interest in them, which they were not slow to recognize and appreciate. She died in Canton many years ago, at the advanced age of eighty years, and her memory, like a benediction, is still cher- i^hed and revered by her descendants. Harry Barber reared a family of five chil- dren, namely: William, James, John, Leon- ard and Harry, some of whom moved to west- ern state? and all of whom have exchanged the earthly life for tlie life eternal. \\'illiani Barber, the eldest of these sons, and father of the subject of this review, was born on the old farm, within the present limits of Canton, and grew to manhood among the stormy scenes and varied vicissitudes of the pioneer period. Wlien a lad of twelve 3'ears he drove stage from Canton via Waynesburg and Car- rollton to Steubenville, and on attaining his majority was made superintendent of the line. He followed staging exclusively until the com- jiletion of the Ft. Wayne Railroad, v/hen he opened a livery and sale stable in Canton, to which business, with the exception of a few years on a farm, he devoted the remainder of liis life. He married, in Canton, Miss Freder- icka Honk, a nati^^e of Germany, who was brought by her parents to the United States, when a child and who lived for some time thereafter in Pennsylvania. Subsequentlv her family moved to Canton, where she was reared to womanhood. William Barber died in this city about the year 1S86 and his wife was called to the other life two years later. They had cb.ildren as follows: Mary, deceased wife of George Buckius ; Preston, who ser\-ed four years in the late Civil war, married a Miss Allen, and died some years ago in Akron; Marshall C, the subject of. this sketch, is the third in order of birth ; Lavenia, now ^Irs. John Yost, lives in Canton, as does Orrin, the next in succession ; Edward is a resident of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and Emma, the youngest, who became the wife of Charles Pence, is not living. Marshall C. Barber was born in the city of Canton, on the 23d day of July, 1847. Here CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1295 he grew to manhoocrs estate, enjoying the ad- ■\antages of the city schools, and on attaining his majority he began hfe in the grain business, in connection \Yith whicli he was also interested for a considerable time in the manufacture of flour. He followed the grain trade in Canton for a number of years, bought and shipped large quantities to the eastern markets, and met with encouraging success from his under- taking. Later he followed the same line of business in New Yoi"k, but Canton has been the scene of his most extensive operations, and it was in this city that his success was mainly achieved. In 1890 Mr. Barber, with several other parties, organized a company for • the purpose of building an opera house in Canton, he being made secretary, treasurer and busi- ness manager of the enterprise. In due time the present large, imposing structure was erected, a building meeting all the require- ments for which designed and reflecting great credit not only on the projectors, but upon the city as well. Since its completion the man- agement has been in the hands of Mr. Barber, who spares no pains to furnish the people a comfortable, elegantly ap])ointed and thor- oughly up-to-date place of public entertain- ment, one of the finest buildings of the kind in the state and comparing favorably with the best opera houses in the metropolitan cities of the country. Mr. Barber, on August 20, 1873, contracted a matrim.onial alliance with Miss Mary Sax- ton, who has borne him seven children, the oldest of whom, a son by the name of James, died a few years ago in Hong-Kong, China, while in the discharge of his duties as assist- ant paymaster of the Uuited States navy r Mary, the second of the family, married R'alph Ilartzell and at the present time resides in Den- yer, Colorado: George is in business in New York city: John is past assistant paymaster in the United Stales navy on the cruiser "To- peka ;" Ida is the wife of Luther Day, a son of Hon. William R. Day, formerly secretary of state in President McKinley's cabinet, now associate justice of the supreme court of the United States; William is a student of Yale College and Kate, the youngest of the num- ber, is prosecuting her literary studies in Smith College, Nortliampton, Massachusetts. Mr. Barber has long been interested in the inaterial prosperity of Canton and, like all good citizens, takes pride in the city and has faith in its future. He is public spirited to the extent of encouraging all laudable enterprises having for their object the social, intellectual and moral as well as the material welfare of the community, and lends his influence to every legitimate agency, for the accomplishment of ihese ends. In politics he supports the Repub- lican party, but has never been an office seeker nor an aspirant for any kind of public honor. WILLIAM L. STOLZENBACH is a na- tive of the Buckeye state, having been born in the town of Roseville, Muskingum county, Ohio, on the 4th of May, 1861, and being a son of Henry and Louise (Jockers) Stolzenbach, the former of whom was born in the city of Hambui^g, Germany, and the latter in Zanes- ville, Ohio, of German lineage. The father of the subject came to America when a young man, having learned the trade of tanner in his fatherland, and to this vocation he continued to devote his attention for many years, while he is now living retired in Lima, where he removed some fourteen years ago. Both he and his wife are consistent members of the Lutheran church. To them were born seven children, of whom all are living. William L. Stolzenbach was reared in his native town and in the city df Zanesville, where he attended the public schools until he had attained the age of eigh- een years, when he secured a position as travel- ing salesman for a mercantile house in Rose- ville, continuing to be thus employed for four 1296 OLD LANDMARKS years, at the expiration of which he became associated with his brother-in-law, James W. McCoy, in the general merchandise trade in his native town of Roseville, where they success- fully continued operations for several years. Mr. Stolzenbach then disposed of his interests to his partner and removed to Lima, Allen county, where he entered into partnership with his brother, Charles F., in the baking business, remaining there until 1894, when he came to Canton and established his present business, having at the present time a finely equipped establishment, with the most modern and ap- proved facilities for the turning out of the best order of bakery goods in all lines, while he employs the best class of assistants in the various departments, so that the best attain- able results are at all times assured. The busi- ness requires the use of six wagons and much of the product is shipped to outside points. In politics he is a stanch Republican, his religious faith is that of the Lutheran church, both he and his wife being members of Trinity church, of this denomination, in Canton, and fratern- ally he holds membership in the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He is a member of the county board of review, having been ap- pointed to the same in May, 1903, for one year. On the 30th of December, 1885, in Rose- ville, Muskingum county, Mr. Stolzenbach was united in marriage to Miss Lulu Brown, who was born and reared in that county, being a daughter of James Brown. The subject and his estimable wife have won a wide circle of friends in Canton, and their pleasant home is one in which a genuine spirit of hospitality is ever in evidence. They have four children, namely : Lawrence, Jacob, Henry and Harold. MILLARD FILLMORE TAYLOR is a native of the old Keystone state, having been born in the town of Leechburg, Armstrong county, Pennsylvania, on the 24th of Decem- ber, 1856. He was reared to manhood in his native place, where he received excellent educa- tional advantages, having completed the curric- ulum of the public scliools and therafter sup- plemented this discipline by a course of study in the Leechburg Academy, while he also studied the higher branches and took a special commercial course while prosecuting his regu- lar course in this institution, being thus able to well fortify himself for the active responsi- bilities of life. Mr. Taylor left school at the age of eighteen years and then entered a drug store and began to devote careful attention to the study and practical work of pharmacy. He was employed as a drug clerk for several years, and in 1879 he engaged in the general merchan- dise business in Leechburg, continuing the en- terprise until 1886, when he established himself in the drug business in the same town, conduct- ing the same most successfully until 1894, when he became associated with other citizens of Leechburg in the organization of the Canton Rolling Mill Company, of which he was chosen secretary, the headquarters and mill of the con- cern being established in Canton, Ohio, within that year. He continued to be actively identi- fied with this concern, in the capacity noted, until the absorption of the business by the American Sheet Steel Company, in 1899, and he then liecame an interested principal in the Carnahan Stamping & Enameling Company, of which he is at the present time secretary and treasurer, the enterprise being one of the im- portant industries of the city. Mr. Taylor is a man of initiative power and has shown pro- gressive spirit by identifying himself witli other enterprises. He is vice-president of the A. P. Gould Dental Chair Manufacturing Company, of Canton, and is national secretary of the Lincoln Insurance Company. Mr. Taylor is intrinsically public-spirited, taking an active interest in all that concerns ' the moral, intellectual and material welfare of his home community. He has ever given a CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1297 stanch allegiance to the Republican party, and while a resident of his native town in Pennsyl- vania was called upon to serve in various offices of public trust. He is a member of the Repub- lican Club of Canton and takes a lively interest in the party cause, while he was a member of the speakers' committee on the memorable occasion of the birthday banquet tendered in honor of the late President McKmley in his home city in 1903. Fraternally Mr. Taylor has completed the circle of York rite Masonry and has advanced to the fourteenth degree (Grand Lodge of Perfection) in the Scottish rite, while he is also identified with the Inde- pendent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias and the Woodmen of the World. He was reared in the faith of the Methodist Episco- pal church and from his youth up has been a devoted member of the same. He is at the present time a member of the board of trustees of the First Methodist Episcopal church of Canton, having been elected to this position in 1895, at which time President McKinley was likewise chosen a member of the board. He is also a member of the board of managers of the Canton Young Men's Christian Association. In the First Methodist Episcopal church he is chairman of the committee on music and also has charge of the music in the Sunday school, while he takes an active part in all departments of the church work. He has a cultured musical taste, as have also the other members of his family, and their attractive home, at 120 West Lake street, is a center of gracious hospitality, the refined amenities being there ever in dis- tinctive evidence, while the entire family are devoted members of the Methodist church. In Leechburg, Pennsylvania, Mr. Taylor was prominently concerned in effecting the erection of the present fine edifice of the Methodist Episcopal church, his father having been one of the pillars of the church from the early days, and his home having been ever open to the itinerant clergyman and others who were act- si ively engaged in church work. He erected the first Methodist church in Leechburg and was a man who commanded the most unequivocal confidence and esteem in the community in which practically his entire life was passed. In Leechburg, Pennsylvania, on the 19th of September, 1878, Millard Fillmore Taylor was married to Miss Anna Maria Schwalm, who was born in that place, being a daughter of John and Sarah (Small) Schwahn, repre- sentatives of old and honored Pennsylvania, families. Mr. and Mrs. Taylor have three chil- dren, Royal and Raymond, who are twins, the latter being organist of the First United Breth- ren church in Canton; and Helen Marie, who likewise remains at the parental home, the family being prominent in the social life of the city. Mr. Taylor's father, John Taylor, was born in the western part of Pennsylvania, and re- sided in the town of Leechburg from liis boyhood days until his death on Mon- day of the week of President McKinley's death, in 1902, at the age of seventy- seven years. He was a man of fine in- tellectuality and spotless integrity of charac- ter, wielding a beneficent influence in the com- munity where he lived and labored to so goodly ends. In his youth he learned the trades of tanning and harnessmaking, and to the same he devoted his attention for a long term of years, while he became knovvu as one of the prominent and influential business men of the town. His wife, whose maiden name was Julia Bair, was likewise a native of the Keystone state, where she passed her entire life, her death occurring in 1885, at which time she was fifty-two years of age. She was a noble and devoted Christian woman, and the family home was one which fully justified the name. This worthy couple became the parents of seven children, concern- ing whom we enter the following brief record : George B. is a resident of Bethlehem, Pennsyl- vania ; Mary C. is the wife of Jacob H. Parks, 1298 OLD LANDMARKS of Leechburg; Millard F., of this sketch, was the next in order of birth ; Harriet C. is the wife of Samuel M. McCracken, of Leechburg; Charles G. is a resident of Canal Dover, Stark county, Ohio; William L. is engaged in busi- ness in Canton, this county; and J. Siebert is a resident of Janesville, Wisconsin. Matthew Taylor, grandfather of the sub- ject, was born and reared in England, whence he emigrated to America as a young man, his birth having occurred in the year 1797. He was a merchant tailor by trade and was en- gaged in this line of work in Leechburg for a number of years, but in later life was identified with various other lines of enterprise. He died at the age of eighty-eight years, while his wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Craw- ford and who was born in Pennsylvania, of Scotch-Irsh .descent, passed away at the age of seventy-five years. ATLEE POMERENE.— An able and rep- resentative member of the bar of Stark county, Mr. Ponierene comes of distinguished French ancestry in the agnatic line, his great- grandfather having come to America as a mem- ber of the staff of General Lafayette and having served most valiantly until the close of the war of the Revolution, after which he established his home in the state of Pennsylvania, where he secured a grant of land. There was born his son Julius, grandfather of the subject, and he was reared to agricultural pursuits which he followed in the old Keystone state up to the time of his emigration to Ohio, where he be- came a pioneer farmer of Holmes county. He married Miss Elizabeth Piersol, and both died in Holmes county, honored by all who knew them. Peter P. Ponierene, M. D., the father of him whose name initiates this paragraph, was born in Holmes county. Ohio, in the year 1832, and was there reared to maturity. He became one of the leading medical practitioners of that section of the state, where he continued in practice for forty years, while in the early period of professional labors he prosecuted the same under circumstances which called for the utmost self-abnegation and devotion. He was reared under the discipline of the pioneer farm and received his early educational disci- pline in the district schools of Holmes county and in a seminary in Medina county, after which he was for a time engaged in teaching school. Fie studied medicine under the direc- tion of his older brother, Dr. Joel Pomerene, who was later a surgeon during the war of the Rebellion, having been thus attached to the regiment commanded by General Garfield. Later Dr. Peter P. Pomerene continued his technical studies in Cleveland, Ohio, and eventually was matriculated in Jefferson Medi- cal College, in the city of Philadelphia, where he was graduated. He was a man of fine in- tellectual and professional attainments and was one of the influential and honored citizens of Holmes county, where he died in 1892, having been for some time a member of the faculty of the Ohio Medical University, in Columbus, of which position he was incumbent at the time of his demise. He was reared in the faith of the Baptist church, with which the family has long been identified. In his native county Dr. Pomerene was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Wise, who was born in the same county in 1841, and who still maintains her home in the village of Berlin, where she has resided for so many years and where she is sustained and comforted by the affection of a wide circle of friends. Dr. Pomerene ever gave an uncompromising alle- giance to the Democratic party, taking a deep interest in local affairs of a public nature and being particularly active in promoting the cause of education. He was twice married, the maiden name of his first wife having been Loretta Maxwell, and of his eleven children CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1299 the subject of this sketch was the eldest of the children born of the second marriage. Atlee Pomerene was born in the parental homestead, in Berlin, Holmes county, Ohio, on the 6th of December, 1863, and after availing- himself of such advantages as were afforded in the public schools of his native village he entered the \^ermilion Institute, at Hayesville, Ashland county, where he also acted as tutor for one year. He thereafter secured admission to the junior class in Princeton College, New Jersey, where he was graduated in 1884, as one of the honor men of his class. He then located in the city of Cincinnati, where he be- gan the reading of law under the direction of General Durbin Waid, later being matricu- lated in the Cincinnati Law School where he was graduated as a member of the class of 1886, and while a student in this institution he secured the prize in a debating contest. Soon after graduating from this college Mr,. Pomerene came to Canton, and entered into a professional partnership with Major Charles R. Miller, who is now a resident of the city of Cleveland, and this alliance continued until July, igoi, after which Mr. Pomerene con- ducted an individual practice about six months, at the expiration of which he entered into part- nership with Robert S. Shields, under the firm name of Shields & Pomerene, which associa- tion still obtains, the firm having well equipped offices in the Eagle Block. Mr. Pomerene is one of the leaders in the local ranks of the Democratic party and is a prominent worker in the cause of the same, while he has been called upon to serve in posi- tions of trust and responsibility in the gift of the voters of Stark county and touching the technical work of the profession for which he has been so thoroughly well trained. Tn 1887 he was elected city solicitor of Canton, in which office he served two terms of two years each. In 1896 he was elected prosecuting attorney of .Stark county, with a majority of six hundred and twenty. The county is strongly Republican and he being the only candidate elected on the Democratic ticket since 1892. He was incum- bent of this office until 1900, and within hi.s term as prosecutor he was identified with many- important cases, including the trial of the mur- derer of George B. Saxton,in which he handled the prosecution with marked ability and dis- crimination, adding much to his prestige as an advocate. He served one year as a member of the board of education and has at all times shown a marked interest in all that makes for the well-being of his home city and county, while his course has been such as to retain to him the unequivocal confidence and regard of his professional confreres and also of the gen- eral public. Mr. Pomerene is president of the William R. Hearst Democratic Club, of Canton, and fraternally he is identified with the local lodge of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, of which he has the distinction of being past exalted ruler. Mr. Pomerene is a stock- holder of the Canton Steel Roofing Company and a member of its board of directors, thus representing one of the important industrial enterprises of the county. On the 29th of June, 1892, Mr. Pomerene was united in marriage to Miss Mary Bockius, daughter of Lewis V. and Caroline (Graham) Bockius, of Canton, and they are prominent in the social life of the city. JUDGE HENRY A. WISE was born on the old homestead farm, near Middlebranch, Plain township, Stark county, Ohio, on the nth of September, 1845, and there also oc- curred the birth of his father, Aaron S. Wise, on the 25th of Janu.-iry, 1819, this fact indicat- ing- that the family came to the county in the early pioneer q^och. Aaron S. Wise was reared to maturity under the invigorating dis- cipline of the farni, and his educational advant- ages were such as were aft'orded in the district I300 OLD LANDMARKS schools of llic lime and locality. In 1843 '^^ was united in marriage to Miss Catherine Houser, who was b(5ni in Nimishillen town- ship, this county, on the 5th of January, 1825, being a daugiiter of Martin Houser, who was one of the pioneers of that town- ship, and who was a son of Martin Houser, Sr., who was located in Pennsylvania, prior to the war of the Revolution, in which he was an active participant. He was taken prisoner by the Indians, in company with a companion, and they were held in captivity for a period of three years, when they effected their escape by secret- ing themselves in a hollow log until the Indians hatl passed. The father of the subject passed his entire life in Stark cuuiity, where he wa"s en- gaged in agricultural pursuits and also ran a general store and flouring mill and tannery, and here his death occurred in the year 1858, his funeral services being held on the 4th of July of that year. There his parents also died, having been folk of sterling character and hav- ing lived lives of honor and usefulness, as did also their children, who did not depart from the lines of rectitude along which they had been so carefully and conscientiously trained. The mother of the subject is still living, and re- sides in Canton. Of her five childrai we enter the following brief record : Phoebe, who be- came the wife of Philip E. Thompson, died in i8qi, leaving one child, Catherine, who is now the wife of Joseph Hartzell, of Canton ; Henry A., of this sketch, was the next in order of birth; Aurelia died in infancy; Amanda is also deceased; and Ella is the wife of \Valter S. Chance, of Washington, D. C. Henry A. Wise passed his boyhood days on the old homestead farm, securing his early educational training in the district schools and thereafter attending the high school in Canton. Pie later entered the University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, where he was a student for two years, taking the scientific course. In 1867 he was matriculated in the Dennison Universitv at Gran\ ille, Ohio, where he was graduated as a member of the class of 1870, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Arts. After leaving col- lege he began reading law in the office of and under the direction of Alexander Bierce, an able member of the Canton bar, and two years later he was admitted to the bar of the state. He fortliwitli established himself in the prac- tice of his profession in this city, associating himself with Anson Pease, who was subse- quently elected to the bench of the court of coninum pleas. They continued to be asso- ciated in practice about ten years, the firm gain- ing marked precedence and retaining a repre- sentative clientage, while Mr. W^ise gained a high reputation both as an advocate and a safe and conservative counsellor. He has in the past appeared in connection with much important litigation, and has shown himself well versed in the law and facile in the application of his broad and exact knowledge of the science of jurisprudence. In July, 1882., Judge Wise was appointed to serve out the unexpired term of Timothy .Sullivan in the office of county treas- urer, and at the end of the term, in September of the following year, he accepted the position as cashier of the City National Bank, remain- ing incumbent of the same until the autumn of the year 1S90, when he resigned the office and was engaged in the practice of his profession until the following- spring, when he was elected vice-president of the Earmers' Bank, to which institution he ga\-e his attention until taking his seat as judge of the probate court in Eebruary, 1894, having been elected to that office the pre- vious November. He was incumbent of this office until February, 1900, and his administra- tion was one of signal discrimination and; ability. The popular appreciation of his efforts in this connection was signified by his having been re-elected for the second term. Since his retireinent from the office Judge Wise has not been engaged in the practice of his profession, devot- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1301 ing his time and attention to his various financial and real estate interests. During the year 1901 he was secretary and treasurer of the Canton & Malvern Fire-brick Paving Com- pany, remaining in tenure of this dual office until the plant and business was sold. For fif- teen years he was treasurer of the Stark County Agricultural Society, in whose promotion he took a most zealous interest. He is president of the Canton Cemetery Association and vice- president of the Dime Savings Bank, of this city, and also has farming interests in Jackson township and other real-estate investments of importance. Since 1862 he has made his home with his widowed mother in Canton. In May, 1S64, Judge VVi.se enlisted as a pri- vate in Company B, One Hundred and Sixty- second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with which he -continued in service until -the expiration of his term of enlistment, whei: he received an honor- able tlischarge. In politics he has ever accorded an uncompromising allegiance to the Repub- lican party, his first presidential vote having been cast in support of General Grant. The Judge has attained the thirty-second degree in the Scottish-Rite Masonry, affiliating with the consistory at Cleveland, Ohio, while he had the distinction of being the first eminent comman- der of Canton Commandery No. 38, Knights Templar. He is also identified with Canton Lodge No. 68, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks; Nimishillen Lodge No. 39, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and Mc- Kinley Post No. 25, of the Grand Army of the Republic. ISAAC N. DAGER.— Jacob Dager, fa- ther of the subject, was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, on the 29th of Sei)tem- ber, 1814. His parents were Jacob and Cath- erine (Hewitt) Dager, of Pennsylvania, while his grandfather, Martin Dager, was a native of 'Germany. Jacob Dager was reared under the parental roof and remained there until his twenty-eighth year. In the meantime he had acquired a good i)ractica] education and became (|ualified for the profession of teaching, which he followed for about five years in the home locality. He was ambitious to broaden his knowledge and between his terms of school applied himself to the study of the higher branches in Washington College, in his native state. In 1840 he came to Carroll county, Ohio, teaching during the winter months and de\-oting the summers to the arduous toil of clearing the heavy growth of timber from his nev.dy-j)urchased farm. In the spring of 1853 he purchased the farm which his son, John IL, now owns and added to it from time to time until he at length possessed a splendid tract of two hundred and eighty acres. The locality was remarkal)Iy well adapted to stock- raising and Mr. Dager combined this with farming, and it may be said with perfect truth- fulness that no other man in al.l this part of Ohio did so nuich to advance the interests of sheep breeding and raising as did Mr. Dager. He first introduced Merino sheep into his town- ship and at all the fairs and exhibits for a num- ber of years carried off all the premiums on this breed of sheep. He was financially successful in all his operations, particularly in connec- tion with his sheep industry. On the 8th of November, 1838, Mr. Dager and Miss Eleanor Hastings were united in the holy bonds of wed- lock, a union which was blessed by the birth of five children, of whom two survive, John H. and the subject. Jacob Dager died on the 4di of March, 1889. In all political matters he allied himself with the Democratic party and, though nex'er v\'hat might be termed an oflicc seeker, he served sc\'eral terms as trustee of his township and for many years filled the office of justice of the peace. All in all, he was wide- ly known and highly respected and few men exerted so potent an influence in his township as did he. I302 OLD LANDMARKS Isaac X. Dager was born in Carroll coun- ty, Ohio, on the 17th of December. 1846, and Avas reared under the parental roof. He ac- quired his preliminary mental discipline in the common schools and supplemented this with attendance at Mt. Union College. At the age of nineteen years he commenced teaching school, continuing this occupation four winters. About the time of his marriage, in 1868, he settled upon the farm on which he now re- sides, it then comprising one hundred and twenty acres and havinsj been given him by his father. He continued to teach school for two winters after his marriage, attending to his farm duties during the summers, but has since then devoted almost all his attention to agriculture. He is thoroughly up-to-date in his methods and is accounted one of the sub- stantial farmers of his township. Jn t868 Mr. Dager was united in marriage with Miss Rachel Gibler, also a native of Car- roll county. To them have been bom four children, of whom three survive, as follows : Ida Viola, wife of Byron B. Bowman, of Rob- ertsville, Ohio; and Eleanor F. and Hannah R., at home. The subject is a Democrat in his political adherency, has taken an active part in advancing the interests of his party and for many years served as a member of the school board. Fraternally he is a member of Juilliard Lodge No. 460, Free and Accepted IMasons, and in his daily life exemplifies the beneficent principles of that time-honored fraternity. As an agriculturist Mr. Dager has long enjoyed the reputation of being a leader among his fellow citizens of Osnaburg township. He cultivates the soil according to the latest and most improved methods, and, believing hus- bandry to be a science worthy of the most careful thought, is very thorough in all he at- tempts and seldom fails to reap abundant har- vests as a reward for the care and toil ex- pended. JOHN F. SPITLER comes of stanch Ger- man ancestry in both the agnatic and mater- nal lines, and the name which he bears became early identified with the annals of the state of Pennsylvania, from which commonwealth his grandfather. Christian Spitler, emigrated to Summit county. Ohio, in the pioneer epoch of its history, having been a cabinetmaker by trade and vocation and having become the pioneer undertaker of Greensburg, Summit county, where he died when well advanced in years. Darius Spitler, father of the subject, was born in that town, in 1846, and there learned the trade of cabinetmaker under the eiTective direction of his honored father, while, being 'the eldest of three sons, he carried on the business after the death of his father. At the age of sixteen years, against the wishes of his father, he tendered his services in defense of the Union, joining three other boys of Greensburg and going to Indiana, where they enlisted, Mr. Spitler becoming a private in Company F, Twelfth Indiana Volunteer In- fantry, with which he rendered valiant service during two years of the war of the Rebellion, being then discharged by reason of physicial disabihty and having been taken prisonar at Richmond, Virginia, being held in captivity for some time and then released on parole. His regiment participated in many important campaigns and he had his full quota of hard service. His father died soon after Darius returned home, and the latter then assumed charge of the undertaking and cabinetmaking business in Greensburg, where he remained un- til 1862, when he came to Canton, where he was for a time engaged in the same line of enterprise, after which he was employed in the plow factory of Ephraim Ball, of this city, and later in the wood-working department of the Aultman shops, while at the present time he- is incumbent of a responsible position with the Ohio Table Company, at Massillon, this coun- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1303 ty. In politics he has been a stanch supporter of the principles of the Reptibhcan party from the time of attaining his majority, and his re- ligious faith is that of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which his wife likewise is a de- voted member. In the city of Canton, on the i8th of Sep- tember, 1864, Darius Spitler was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Boom, who was born in Canton, in 1848, being a daughter of Conrad and Mary Boom, both of whom were born and reared in Germany, where they mar- ried, and shortly after this event came to America and located in Canton, where their seven children were born. Here Mr. Boom was a pioneer shoemaker and cobbler, having been for many years engaged in business on East Tuscarawas street, and here he and his wife passed the remainder of their lives. Darius and Margaret (Boom) Spitler became the parents of hve children, namely : Elta, who is the wife of Charles Diebold, of Cleve- land, Oliio; John F., who is the immediate sub- ject of this sketch; Forest, who is in the em- ploy of the Albrecht Company, of Akron, Ohio; Oscar, who is stenographer at the Best Street Light Company, of Canton ; and Howard, who is likewise a resident of this city and employed as estimating clerk in the office of the J. H. Eller Company, of this city. John F. Spitler was born in the city of Canton, on the 23d of May, 1868, and here he attended the public schools until he had com- pleted the studies of the eighth grade. He then determined that it was expedient for him to initiate his independent career, and accord- ingly he secured a position in the cabinet de- partment of the Diebold safe works, where as a boy of fifteen years he secured six cents an hour in recompense for his services, while later he supplemented his educational disci- pline by taking a thorough course in the Can- ton Business College in bookkeeping and ste- nography. In 1890 Mr. Spitler became clerk ;aid stenographer in the office of Baldwin & Shields, a representative law firm of Can- ton, at the same time taking up the study of law with the Sprague Correspondence School of Law, of Detroit, Michigan. With this law finn he remained for the long period of ten years, at the expiration of which the fimi was dissolved, Judge Baldwin having been ap- pointed by President McKinley consul to Nur- emberg. In the meanwhile Mr. Spitler had acquired an excellent knowledge of the law and of the various publications pertaining there- to, so that he was distinctively eligible for the preferment which then came to him in his ap- pointment by the court, F'ebruary i, 1900, over ten other applicants, to his present office of librarian of the Stark County Law Library Association, in which capacity he has rendered most efficient service, his management of the library having gained him the unequivocal commendation of the members of the bar, who have not failed to manifest their appreciation of his fidelity and scrupulous care. In Oc- tober, 1902, Mr. Spitler was appointed by the trustees of Canton township, justice of the peace, to fill out the unexpired term of T. C. Snyder, entering upon the discharge of his official duties on October 16, 1902. He has devoted no little attention to the reading of law in the past few years, and is thus specially well qualified for the handling of this judicial offi.ce. In April, 1903, Mr. Spitler was elec- ted- by the people to succeed himself as justice of the peace, for a term of three years, receiv- ing the largest plurality of any of the candi- dates on the Republican ticket at said election. In politics he gives a stanch allegiance to the Republican party, and fraternally he is identi- fied with several of the prominent fraternal orders in Canton. On the 2d of September, 1891, Mr. Spitler was united in marriage to Miss Rose L. Bechele, who was bom and reared in Canton, being a daughter of John Bechele, a well I304 OLD LANDMARKS known and honored citizen of the county, and of this union have been bom two children, Viola and Arthur. PROF. EDMUND A. JONES is one of Ohio's distinguished educators and for over a quarter of a century he has been at the head of the public schools of Massillon, of which city he is an honored and influential citzien. He is a New Englander l)y birth and an Ohioan by adoption. He was born February ii, 1842, at Rockville, Massachusetts, and is a son of Elisha Adams and Rhoda (Ellis) Jones. His great-grandfather was Simpson Jones, a nati\-e of Medway, Massachusetts, and an agricultur- ist by occupation. Elisha Adams Jones, grand- father of the Professor, was born in Massa- chusetts in 1 78 1 and died in i860. He was well educated, taught school many years, and in later life was a farmer. He was prominent in his community and served as a captain of the Massachusetts militia. Elisha Adams Jones, second, the subject's father, was born in October, 181 5, and died in October, 1899. He was also a teacher and followed farming. Rhoda Ellis, the Professor's mother, was born in Medway, Massachusetts, in 1820 and was the daughter of Moses Ellis, also a native of Massachusetts, and a descendant of one of the old families of that commonwealth. She was a iady of more than ordinary intelligence and education, having been a student of the old Bradford Academv. Her death occurred in 1873- Professor Jones received his earlv edu- cation in the common schools, and was fitted for college at Mt. Hollis Academy. In i860 he entered Amherst College, where he pursued his studies for two years, leaving the college in the fall of 1862 to enlist in Company B, Forty-second Massacluisetts Reg'iment of In- fantiy. With the Forty-second he was sent first to New Orleans to join Banks' expedition. The first battle he participated in was Bayou LaFourche, in June, 1803, in which engage- ment he was seriously wounded in the left shoulder. While the wound was most painful and needed attention, he was compelled tO' re- main on duty for three days thereafter, before he was ordered to New Orleans to have it properly dressed. He held the rank of fifth sergeant, and was recommended by his lieu- tenant-colonel for promotion for meritorious service. He was honorably discharged and mustered out of service at Boston, in July, 1863. He soon resumed his studies at Am- herst College, where, in 1865, he was grad- uated with the degree of Bachelor of Arts and three years later received the degree of Master of Arts. While at Amherst he was president of the sophomore class of '64, and of the senior class of '65. Professor Jones began his educational work in 1865 as professor of Latin and gymnastic instructor at Lake Forest, Ilinois. At the close of his second year he was made associate principal, and so continued until the fourth year, when he was advanced to the post of principal of the academy. In October, 1869, he came to Massillon as superintendent of the city schools, in which position he served for four years, then resigned to accept a similar position at Marietta, Ohio, to which he had been elected without solicitation on his part and without ever having even met a member of the board of education of that city. But so pleased had been the people of Massillon with his administration of school affairs in their city that in 1875 he was elected and induced to accept the superintendency at this place again, and from that time on he has continued at the head of the city schools, his administra- tion proving so uniformly successful and satis- factory that he has been re-elected from time to time practically without opposition. For ten or twelve years Professor Jones was a member of the board of examiners for Stark ■'iT'l/X^^ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. >305 county, and was president of the board several years. In 1889 he was elected principal of the West Cleveland high school at an advanced salary, but the Massillon board of education, unwilling to relinquish him, promptly met the raise and retained his services. Professor Jones was a member of the Ohio state board of examiners from 1887 to 1895, of which board he was made president. He assisted in the organization of the State Teachers' Reading Circle in 1883, and for several years was corresponding secretary and treasurer. He has been a member of the board of control continuously to the present time. He is a member of the Ohio Teachers' Associ- ation and in 1892 was president of the same. He has been secretary of the board of trustees of the Charity Rotch School for many years, and treasurer of the McClymonds Public Library. He has been a trustee of the Presby- terian church for twenty years or more, also an elder, and for more than a quarter of a century was superintendent of the Sunday school. He is an active member and past com- mander of Hart Post No. 134, Grand Army of the Republic, and has been president of the Stark county soldiers' relief commission for sixteen years. He was a delegate to the Grand Army of the Republic national convention at Boston in 1890. He helped to organize the Massillon lx>ard of trade, and has served as its secretarv- from the time of its organization. On June 4, 1903. Professor Jones received the Republican nomination for state commissioner of common schools. December 23, 1873, Professor Jones mar- ried Flora Richards, who was Ixjrn in ISIas- sillon. She was a daughter of Warren C. and Helen (Ford) Richards. One son, Walter Elisha. was Ijorn March 4, 1893. There was also a daughter. Flora Ellis, born in December, 1879, but who died the same year. The son graduated from the Massillon high school, afterward attending the Hudson Preparatory School and is now at Amherst College, from which he will graduate in 1904. Professor Jones has long been a popular lecturer before county institutes and teachers' associations. In June, 1903, he received the degree of Doctor of Philosophy from the Ohio University at Athens. JOHN H. SPRANKLE.— The paternal grandparents of the subject were Michael and Elizabeth Sprankle, the former a well known and influential resident of Bedford county, Pennsylvania. He was the owner of the Bed- ford mills and was reputed to be the wealthiest man in his native county. Selling his property there in 181 5, he removed to Stark county, Ohio, with the declared purpose of becoming the wealthiest man in that county also. But his ambition was not to be realized, as a short time after his arrival he was killed by a falling tree. Upon coming to this county he had entered a large tract of fine land, which upon his death was inherited by his sons. Jacob Sprankle, the father of the subject, after his father's death made his home for two or three years with his brother Michael, when he was united in marriage with Miss Margaret Drushal. Soon after his marriage he pur- chased one hundred and twenty acres of land which, is now within the city limits of Can- ton and is the property of Mr. Deuber, the watch manufacturer. Here he resided up to within about a year of his death, when he re- moved down into the city. He was tw-ice mar- ried, there being no issue to the second union. To his marriage with Margaret Drushal were born ten children, of whom but three survive, Anna, the wife of Emanuel Cover, of Michi- gan; Catherine, wife of Abraham Murphy, of Canton, and the subject. In politics Jacob Sprankle was a Democrat up to the time of the organization of the Re- publican party, when he allied himself with the I305 OLD LANDMARKS new party and remained faithful to its princi- ples until his death. He was notably success- ful financially, owning two residences in Can- ton, and besides his home farm he also owned a farm of one hundred and forty-eight acres in Pike township. He was the owner of the Eagle Woolen Mills, but did not operate this enterprise himself, having rented it to other parties. Religiously he was a member of the German Baptist church and lived a life con- sistent with his profession. His death oc- curred in April, 1887. John H. Sprankle was born in the city of Canton, the date of his birth being Septem- ber 7, 1829. He was reared under the parental roof and received his education in the common schools of his neighborhood. In May, 1849, at the age of twenty years, the subject went to work in the Eagle mills, where he was em- ployed until 1854, when he left the mill and purchased his present farm, the tract at that time comprising one hundred and ten acres. During subsequent years he added to this tract until eventually he became the possessor of three hundred and twenty acres. He has since sold one hundred and ten acres of this to his sons, now owning two hundred and ten acres. In 1885 he purchased the Osnaburg grist mills, but in December, T887, they were utterly de- stroyed by fire, entailing a loss of over eight thousand dollars. Mr. Sprankle has been very successful in his various financial operations and is now one of the heaviest tax payers in his township. For the past fifteen years he has not taken a very active part in business matters, having rented his farm to other parties, though he still makes his home there. On tlie 20th of November, 1852, Mr. Sprankle was united in marriage to Miss Anna E. Frey, a native of Osnaburg township and the daughter of Frederick Frey. The latter was a native of Germany, but when a young man tied to this country in order to escape army service, which is compulsory in his native country. Upon his arrival in this country he was the possessor of but six dollars in money, but was energetic, ambitious and economical, and at the time of his death was considered a wealthy man. For a number of years he ran a cooperage shop and a distillery in connection with his farm, making much money in both enterprises. He has also for many years prac- ticed veterinary surgery, with marked success. To the subject and his wife were born six children, four sons and two daughters, of whom those surviving are Henry, a resident of Osnaburg township; Florence, the wife of Louis Loutzenheiser, of Louisville, this coun- ty; and John G., who is employed by the American Bridge Works, of Chicago. In poli- tics the subject is a stanch and uncompro- mising Republican and served one term as trustee of the township, refusing to accept the office longer, though importuned by his friends to do so. Mr. Sprankle is one of the oldest native born residents of Stark county and his life has been closely interwoven with the growth and development of the county. He early realized the necessity of good citizenship and with strong mind and determined purpose addressed himself to the bringing about of this result. He has always been optimistic enough to look upon the bright side, and, un- like the majority of old men, he still retains much of his youthful spirit and is popular with all who know him. JONATHAN BOWMAN was born in the township in which he now resides, the date of his birth being December 13, 1821. His parents were Samuel and Mary M. (Klinger) Bow- man. His father was probably born in North- umberland county, Pennsylvania, and in 1817, in company with two brothers, Jacob and John, and a sister, Mrs. Clark, he came to Stark county, Ohio. Here Samuel entered eighty acres of land in Osnaburg township, that is CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1307 now owned by his son Isaac ; Jacob entered one hundred and sixty acres of land in Pike town- ship, and John, after remaining in this county nearly a year returned to his home in Penn- sylvania. Samuel Bowman resided upon this farm until his death, which occurred when he was in his seventy-fourth year. He was a Whig in politics and a Lutheran in religious belief. His wife was a native of Dauphin coun- ty, Pennsylvania, and survived her husband about seven years, dying at the age of about seventy-seven years. They were the parents of twelve children, of whom three now sur- vive, Benjamin, a resident of Iowa ; Isaac, who resides on the old homestead, and the sub- ject. Jonathan Bowman was reared under the parental roof and secured his education in the common schools. The school facilities at that time were crude and scant in comparison with the splendid system in operation at the present day, but such as it was it was eagerly taken advantage of by the subject, who proved an apt pupil. This education has since been supple- mented by a wide and liberal course of reading, covering a long line of topics, and a close ob- servation of men and events, so that today there are in Osnaburg township but few better informed men than the subject. At the age of twenty-one years Mr. Bowman became ap- prenticed to the carpenter's trade and for some ten years followed that occupation, meeting with a fair degree of success. About 1850 Mr. Bowman settled upon the farm whereon he now resides and has since made that his home. This farm was formerly owned by his father-in-law, who died some two years be- fore the subject's marriage. On the 20th of October, 1850, Jonathan Bowman was united in marriage with Miss Eliza A. Kelly, the daughter of Colonel Rich- ard Kelly, in his day one of the most promi- nent men in Stark county and at one time a candidate for the legislature on the Whig ticket. He came to Stark county from Lan- caster county, Pennsylvania, about 1819, buy- ing the farm which is now the home of the sub- ject, on which he resided until his death. He bore an honorable military record, having en- listed for service during the war of 1812 and rose to the rank of captain. To the subject and his wife have been born six children, four of whom survive, namely : Mary is the wife of Isaac Clapper, of Osnaburg; Sadie is the wife of Daniel Myers, of Osnaburg; John B., who is a teacher at Mt. Union College, this state, was for three years superintendent of the Northeast Ohio College at Canfield; Homer is a farmer and has charge of the home farm. In politics the subject is a stanch advocate of Republican principals, believing them to be the most conducive to the welfare of the American people. He possesses sound and well-founded convictions on all public ques- tions and has the courage to express himself upon them when occasion requires. He takes a deep interest in educational matters and for fourteen years was a member of the school board, four years of the time being its presi- dent. Religiously he is identified with the Methodist Episcopal church and lends his sup- port to all movements having for their object the welfare of the community and society at large. JOHN D. FRANK is of the third .genera- tion of the family in the United States, his grandfather, George Frank, having been born in the province of Alsace, France, now an integral portion of the German empire, whence he came tn America as a young man and located in Washington county. Pennsylvania, where he married and where he continued to reside until 180S, when he came as a pioneer to Stark county, Ohio, taking up a tract of heavily tim- bered land in Lake township, where he de- veloped a good farm and became one of the l3o3 OLD LANDMARKS wealthy and influential men of the community, both he and his wife passing the residue of their lives on this old homestead. John Frank, father of the subject, was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, in the year 1806, and as a boy accompanied his par- ents on their removal to Stark county, being reared on the pioneer homestead in Lake town- ship, while his educational advantages were such as were afforded in the common schools of the period. He was self-reliant and inde- pendent and gave manifestation to the pos- session of these attribute.^ by marrying against the wishes of his father, believing that this should be a matter for he himself to decide and having confidence in his ability to make his own way in the world. He accordingly was imited in marriage to Miss Margaret Thomp- son, daughter of John Thompson, who was of Scotch-Irish descent and who was one of the sterling pioneer farmers of Lake township, where his daughter was born and reared. Af- ter his marriage Mr. Frank located on a tract of land in Lake township and in course of time he reclaimed a valuable farm and became one of the substantial and representative citizens of that section of the county, where he com- manded the high regard of all who knew him. He retired from the farm in i860 and took up his residence in the village of Uniontown, where he passed the remainder of his life, be- ing summoned into eternal rest in 1886, at the age of eighty years. His first wife, mother of the subject, passed away in 1855, at the age of forty-seven years, having been a devoted member of the United Brethren church. She was survived by her six children, concerning whom we enter the following brief record : Keziah became the wife of George K. Bolan- der and she died in Michigan ; Lewis, deceased ; Isaac died in Lake township; Mary Ann, the wife of Ezra Harris, died in Medina county, Ohio; David T. is a resident of the city of Massillon, Stark county; John D. is the im- mediate subject of this sketch; and Milton F. is a resident of East Liverpool, Columbiana county. After the death of his first wife John Frank married Miss .Savilla J. Reynolds, of Springfield, Summit county, by whom he had one child, Elva, who is the wife of William F. .Shoner, of Uniontown. Mr. Frank was a Democrat in his political proclivities and his religious faith was that of the United Breth- ren church, of which he was a corisistent and valued member. John D. Frank was born near the \'illage of Uniontown, Lake township, this county, on the 20th of June, 1847, ^"^ he early began to lend his quota in the work of the homestead farm, while his educational opportunities were above the average accorded to the farmer boy of the day, his father being fully appreciative of the value of discipline in this line, so tliat he did not deny his son such privileges as were in his power to offer. John D. attended the village school in Uniontown, later was a stu- dent in the academy at Greensburg, Summit county, and thereafter was matriculated in the Iron City Business College, in Pittsburg, Penn- sylvania, where he was graduated at the age of eighteen years, being thus thoroughly equipped' for the practical duties of life. In May, 1864, when but seventeen years of age, Mr. Frank showed his intrinsic loyalty and patriotism by enlisting as a private in Company G, One Hun- dred and Sixty- second Ohio Volunteer In- fantry, for a *.erm of one hundred days. Col- onel Ephraim Ball commanding the regiment. The company was raised at Osnaburg and Mapleton. The regiment was assigned to duty in Covington, Kentucky, doing guard duty, and after the expiration of his term of service, having received his honorable discharge, at Camp Chase, in September, 1864, Mr. Frank returned home and for a time assisted his brother, David T., who was at the time en- gaged in the grain business at Uniontown, and later he was employed as clerk in mercantile CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1309 establislimeiits at Canaan, Wayne county, and in the city of Sandusky. In 1870 Mr. Frank entered the employ of the firm of Cutter & Howe, in Akron, Ohio, who were there en- gaged in the shoe business, and he remained with this concern about five years, within which time he gained a thorough knowledge of the business in all its details, while for a time he was a clerk in the shoe store of S. E. Phinney, in the same town. In 1877 he came to Can- ton and engaged in the shoe business on his own responsibility, his original quarters being one-half of his present store, on the east side of the public square, while the other half was occupied by Calvin and Alfred Herbruck, who were engaged in the jewelry business. Mr. Fi'ank's business rapidly expanded in scope and importance and he soon required the entire store in which he had fu^st located, while in 1889 he also added the store on East Tuscara- was street. His establishment is now one of the most metropolitan and well stocked shoe store in the county, and he caters to a large and representative patronage, being known as one of the reliable, progressive and public- spirited business men of the city, while the ex- tent of his enterprise mdicates the personal es- teem in which he is held in the community. In politics Mr. Frank gives his allegiance to the Republican party, and his religious faith is indicated by his holding membership in Trin- ity Lutheran church, of which Mrs. Frank is likewise a devoted adherent. Fraternally he is identified with McKinley Post No. 25, Grand Army of the Republic, and with the local lodge of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. In 1882 he erected his present commodi- ous and attractive modern residence on North Market street, the same being one of the many beautiful homes of which Canton may well be proud. In the city of Akron, Ohio, on the 26th of July, 1876, Mr. Frank was united in marriage to Miss Alice Seiberling, a native of that place, where she was reared and educated, and of this union have been l;iorn five children, Nellie, Grace, Fred, Margaret and Katherine, all of whom remain at the parental home. MICHAEL MOTTS was born in Ger- many on the i6th of February, 1S35, the son of Jacob and Elizabeth (Wingert) Motz. These parents had three children, all of whom sur- vive, as follows : Jacob, of Paris township, this county, the subject, and Elizabeth, wife of John Zwahlen, of Louisville, this county. The father was born in Germany in 1803, was reared upon a farm "and in 1836 came to the United States, settling in Paris township, just north of Paris. He bought fifty-two acres of land, to which he added until he possessed one hundred and fifteen acres. Upon that place he lived the remainder of his days, dying at the age- of eighty-one years. His first wife, the mother of the subject, had passed away at the age of fifty-three years and he later married Mrs. Elizabeth Gugkeman. The latter had two children by her first husband, of whom one survives, Frank, of Paris township. The subject was reared at home and was given the advantage of such schooling as was then available, but which at best was but limit- ed. He was early inured to the hard toil in- cident to the life of a pioneer farmer and was taught the mysteries of successful agriculture. He followed farming as a vocation and after his marriage he purchased sixty acres of his present farm. Subsequently he bought addi- tional tracts of fifty-five, forty-one and forty acres respectively, making an aggregate of one hundred and fifty-six acres. In 1881 Mr. Motts purchased the grist mill in Paris and, re- moving to the town, ran the mill for about four years. He was unfitted for this business, however, and lost about six thousand dollars in the venture. He finally disposed of the place to his sons and returned to the farm, I3IO OLD LANDMARKS where he has since remained. Mr. Motts was united in marriage February 27,. 1857, with Miss Mary Fahl, also a native of Germany. Her parents died in their native land and she came to America in company with a sister. To the subject and his wife were born nine chil- dren, seven of whom survive. They are briefly mentioned as follows : Eli lives in Cleveland ; David is a mill man at Paris, this county; Emanuel and John are residents of this town- ship; William and Elizabeth are at home, the former conducting the home farm ; Rose is the wife of Edward Hay, of Canton. In politics the subject is a firm and uncom- promising Democrat, ever taking a keen and intelligent interest in the success of his party and keeping closely in touch with public ques- tions. On national questions he votes in line with his party, but frequently in local elections he casts hi? ballot for those men whom, he considers best qualified for the offices sought. In religion he is affiliated with the Reformed church and endeavors to live a life in harmony with the teachings of the man of Nazareth. He is an energetic, industrious gentleman who ha'i made a success of life by his persistent efforts. His farm is well cared for, the soil having been enriched until it is one of the most pro- ductive and fertile in the township, no part of which is permitted to lie in idleness. LAWRENCE ALEXANDER was born in the city of Dublin, in the year 181 5, where he was reared, availing himself of such educa- tional advantages as were presented and early becoming dependent upon his own resources. He entered a woolen mill in his native city for the purpose of learning the trade, and was thus employed until about fifteen years of age, when he came to America, landing in the port of Boston, from which place he proceeded to Lowell, Massachusetts, where he soon found employment in one of the leading woolen mills of the place. He mastered the tiade in all de- tails and continued to work in Lowell until 1835, when he came west to Ohio, locating in Steubenville, where he lemained a short in- terval, after which he came to Stark county, working in Massillon for a short time, and taking up his residence in the village of Waynesburg. He worked at his trade iluring his residence in these places and eventually ac- cumulated a sufficient sum from his earnings to justify him in the purchase of a small woolen factory at Lexington, Stark county, where he carried on a successful business until the indus- trial prestige of the town began to wane, when he disposed of his interests there, and in 1857 came to Canton, where he established the Alex- ander Woolen Mills, which, under his manage- ment came to represent a prosperous industry, while he continued to be actively identified with the same until his death, which occurred in the year 1889, ?ince which time the enterprise has been continued under the same title. In the city of Boston, Massachusetts, Mr. Alexander, in the year 1836, was united in marriage to Miss Hannah Fitzgerald, who was born in Dublin, Ireland, in i8t8, her mother, whose maiden name was Mary McCarty, hav- ing died shortly after the birth of Mrs. Alexan- der. In the year following that of her nativity her father, Richard Fitzgerald, brought her to the United States, his other two children re- maining in the Emerald Isle. He located in Lowell, Massachusetts, and there Mrs. Alexan- der was reared to maturity, and there met him who was to be her companion on the journey of life. She survived her husband by a num- ber of years, her death occurring in Canton, in 1896. Mr. and Mrs. Alexander became the parents of twelve children, of whom three are living at the present time, all of whom reside in Canton. The third child in order of birth was Charles Augustine, and he was summoned into eternal life in 1883. He was educated for the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1311 priesthood of the Roman Catholic church, and entered upon the duties of his holy office as a member of the order of the Passionist Fa- thers, his title being that of Father Augustine. He was a young man of brilliant intellect and bade fair to live a long life of distinguished usefulness, but that inscrutable Providence whose ways are past finding out, ixmoved him in the bloom of j'oung manhood to another and better sphere. His remains were interred in the vault of St. Paul's monastery, in Pittsburg. Pennsylvania, with those of other consecrated members of his order, they will lie until the resurrection morn. Lawrence and Hannah (Fitzgerald) Alexander were devoted mem- bers of the Catholic church, and during their many years' residence in Canton were valued members of St. John's church. Mr. Alexander was an enterprising and broadminded business man, and one who ever commanded unequivo- cal confidence in the community, while he man- ifested his loyalty to the duties of citizenship by a deep interest in affairs of a local nature. During his residence in Lexington he served for six years as a member of the board of county commisisoners, and for some time he >vas a member of the Canton board of health, ind also board of education. He . also held membership on the board which had charge of the poor fund of the Hartford estate, through which provision is made for the care of the in- digent of Canton, and in many other capacities he proved his usefulness as a citizen and his sterling worth as a man among men. Earnest in all he attempted, he carried to successful issue the enterprises to which he gave his at- tention, whHe his social qualities made him popular among all classes of persons. He was a fine type of the intelligent, large-hearted and progressive business men of the day, and he impressed himself upon the various communi- ties in which he lived, while he left to his de- scendants the most valuable of all heritages, an honored name. A life-long Democrat in poli- cies, he supported the principles of this party with earnestness but never was a seeker of pub- fic office, notwithstanding the fact that he was called upon at various times to serve in posi- tions of trust and responsibility in this line. Mr. Alexander died in 1883. GEORGE RANK.— The Rank family is of stanch German origin, the original orthog- raphy of the name having been Reinke. The first representatives of the family in America emigrated from the fatherland in the colonial epoch of our history and took up their abode in Lebanon county, Pennsylvania, so that the name has been identified with pioneer annals in more than one generation, while it has ever^ stood exponent of lofty integrity, well directed industry and distinctive loyalty and patriotism. George Rank, whose name initiates this review, was born in Canton township, in May, 18 10, being a son of Abraham and Susan (Werten- berger) Rank, who took up their abode in Canton in 1807, so that the entire life of the subject was passed in this county. It may be consistently noted in the connection that the celebrated German historian, Reinke, was of the same lineage as he of whom he write, the family having been one of distinction in Ger- many for many generations. Abraham Rank, grandfather of the subject, was born in Reading, Lebanon county, Penn- sylvania, where he was reared to maturity and where he learned the carpenter trade, becoming a fine mechanic, and this he there followed, in connection with agricultural pursuits, until the time of his removal to Ohio. As he came from the productive districts of the old Keystone state he was naturally prejudiced against the level land or plains in the vicinity of Canton, and thus secured a wooded tract, his dictum being that land which would not produce timber would not produce wheat. He became the owner of about fifty acres of land in the imme- I3I2 OLD LANDMARKS diate vicinity of Canton, a portion of the city beings located on the same, and he reclaimed his farm to cultivation, having that energy and thriftfulness so typical of the Pennsylvania farmers of German type from the early days to the present time. He erected the first log cabin on the meadow to the east of the little pioneer village of Canton and neat natural springs, the same being constructed of round logs and having two rooms. Later he built an- other house, two hundred feet distant from his original cabin, and in building the new resi- dence he utilized hewed logs, while it was lo- cated on higher ground. Here he dug a well, which he eventually equipped with a pump, Avhich constituted a marked event in the family affairs and the history of the neighborhood, since so modern a facility was very unusual in the locality at that time. The family were de- voted members of the Lutheran church, and in the primitive pioneer home was reared the famil)' altar and the daily worship was never neglected, divine guidance being asked in con- nection with all labors and duties. Abraham Rank was an old-line Whig in his political pro- clivities and was a man of decided opinion but never intolerant or arbitrary. He died on his homestead farm December 15, 1851, at the age of seventy-three years, and his loved com- panion did not long survive him, her death occurring on October 25th of the following year, at the age of sixty-seven. His wife's maiden name was Susan Wertenberger and she was a woman of fine presence and noble attriluites of character. They endured the pri- vations and hardships of pioneer life but were ever sustained and encouraged by mutual love and sympathy, theirs being the faith that makes faithful. Abraliani and Susan Rank became the parents of eleven children, concerning whom we are able to offer the following brief data: Nancy, who became the wife of Rev. Benjamin Faust, died in Canton ; Betsey, the wife of Jonas Weidner, died in Marlborough township, this county; Salome, the wife of Samuel Essig, died in Canton township; Magdalena, who never married, is deceased; Susan, the wife of George Schweir, died in Perry township: Lydia, the wife of Peter Sell, who died in Canton; Kate, the wife of Eli .Sipes, died in Canton ; George was the father of the subject of this memoir; John married Eliza- betli Hull and his death occurred in Canton township; AJary, the wife of John J. Trump, (lied in Canton; Abraham, who married Mary Rahn, likewise died in this city. George Rank was born on the old home- stead farm, in Canton township, in May, 1810, and here his death occurreil on the 17th of June, iS/"^. Tic was for many years promi- nently engaged in the work of his trade, that of carpenter and cabinetmaker, and he erected the Monitor block, which he utilized as a sash, door and blind factory, having purchased two- thirds of the block where the city library is now being built, in 1858, for "one thousand dollars. He became one of the most prominent and in- fluential business men of Canton, commanding unequivocal confidence and esteem in the com- munity and being called upon to serve in ofifices of public trust and responsibility. He was for a number of years incumbent of the office of township trustee and was also a valued and efficent member of the city council. In poli- tics he was a stalwart advocate of the principles of the Republican party, and during the Civil war he ardently upheld the cause of the Union, having on more than one occasion stripped his shop of lumber, which he utilized in setting up temporary tables upon which he set forth food for the volunteers assembled in the city. He was reared to the strenuous life of the pioneer farm and early began to lend his aid in its reclamation and cultivation, while for his edu- cational discipline he was indebted to the primi- tive district school, which he attended during CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1313 the winter mojitlis when hii services were not demanded in connection with the work of the farm. On the 20th of May, 1S30, George Rank was united in marriage to Miss Henrietta Emich, wlio was born in Adams county, Penn- sylvania, on the 15th of September, 181 1, and who came to Canton with her parents in 181 5. She was a daughter of George and Dorothy (Smith) Emich, both of whom were born in Adams county, Pennsylvania, and Mr. Emich was a man of means at the time of his emigra- tion to Stark county. Here he took up a tract of land and turned his attention to farming, be- coming one of the influential citizens of the pioneer community. His wife died about 1825, and he thereafter passed his time in the homes of his children, his death having occurred at the residence of his daughter, Mrs. Kimmel, in Waynesburg. Mrs. Henrietta Rank died at her home, 534 West Seventh street, Canton, on the 24th of April, 1901, at the venerable age of nearly ninety years, her death resulting from the infirmities incidental to advanced age, while she was one of the few remaining repre- sentatives of the pioneer epoch in the history of the county, loved for her gracious woman- hood and her unvarying kindliness in all the relations of life. At the time of her death a local publication spoke of her as follows : "Pier life for many years was typical of the epoch in which she lived, and with a memory that never failed she could entertain her grandchil- dren and their children with reminiscences of a wild country, long walks to school — a part of the time to the old academy where the central high school now stands — when her path often showed the footprints of wolves and Indians. She was familiar with the flax field, the raw wool, the spinning wheel, the old-tirrje fulling mill and the loom, from all of which the needs of life called for industry and self-sacrificing patience." George and Henrietta (Emich) Rank be- 82 came the parents of eleven children, concerning whom we offer brief record, as follows: Jef- ferson, who was born in 1831, and who served four months during the Civil war as a member of the One Hundred and Sixty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, married Amanda Hilder- biddle and he died in Canton in 1875 ; William, the next in order of birth, is individually men- tioned in appending paragraphs; Adalinc is the widow of O. J. Hardgrove, of Canton; Amos, who married Rebecca Wright, resides near Chattanooga, Tennessee; Sarah is the widow of Dr. J. H. Estep, of Canton ; Amanda is the wife of L. E. Hake, of this city; John, who married Martha Wright, is likewise a na- tive of Canton; Ellen is the wife of L. P. Farn- ham, of Canton; Mary is the widow of J. F. Johnston, of this city; Orlando, a resident of Canton, was first married to Rebecca Ewart and after her death to Alice Krider; and Ada is the wife of F. F. I'rimble, a prominent citi- zen, of Salem, Ohio. William Rank was born on the old home- stead farm in Canton township, on the 20th of September, 1832. Plis first educational disci- pline was received in the school house located on East Tuscarawas street, and his instructor was Philip Everhard, while later he conned his lessons under the guidance of Hon. B. F. Lester, who eventually was chosen to repre- sent this district in the halls of congress. Mr. Rank's early schooling comprised an attendance of about two months in each year, this being in accord with the laws of the state, while it was also the custom at that time for the average youth to learn a trade. ATr. Rank completed his specific educational work in the old Union school, on West Tuscarawas street, under Prof. Ira M. Allen, and he was eighteen years of age when he left school to devote his undivided at- tention to the practical duties of life. At the age of fifteen he began an apprenticeship at the carpenter trade, under the effective direction of his father, who was for many years, in connec- I3I4 OLD LANDMARKS tion with his other business enterprises, the leading undertaker in this section, and from his boyhood days William Rank assisted in this special department of his father's business. After leaving school, having a disinclination for carpenter work, he turned his attention to ornamental painting, and at the age of nineteen he went to the city of Cleveland, where he en- gaged in sign painting, while later he followed the same line of work in various other cities and towns of the state, being recognized as an ex- pert workman and having distinctive artistic taste in the connection, so that he found a ready •demand for his services. In the summer of 1855, through t!ie interposition of a repre- sentative mercantile firm in Alassillon, he was enabled to establish himself in the furniture business in Canton, conducting a branch estab- lishment here for one year, after which he re- sumed the trade of painter. In 1859 he re- turned to Canton and assumed the position of foreman in the painting department of the C. Aultnian Company, and he contiinied to be thus identified with this great manufactvn-ing concern for the long period of tliirty-one years. At the time of the Rebellion Mr. Rank tendered his services in defense of the Union, enlisting as a member of Company B, One Hundred and Sixty-second Ohio Volunteer In- fantrv, which was recruited in Canton and vicinity, and he was made first sergeant of his company, in which capacity he served until the close of his term of four months, receiving his honorable discharge, at Camp Chase, in Columbus, on the 4th of September, 1864, aftei; which he resumed iiis duties in the .A.ultman works. In April, iS8q, Mr. Rank was elected to the office of secretary and superintendent of the Canton Cemetery Association, in which capacitv he has ever since continued to render efficient and discriminating service, the duties involved demanding ])ractically bis entire time and attention. In politics, while without per- sonal' ambition for office of any sort, he ha.s accorded a stanch support to the Republican party from the time of its organization, his first presidential vote having been cast for John C. Fremont for the presidency, in 1856. He was a charter member of the first post of the Grand Army of the Republic organized in Can- ton. On the 19th of January, i860, was solem- nized the marriage of William Rank to Miss Mary ]\I. Chilson, who was born in Conneaut, Ohio, in 1837, a daughter of Abel and Mary (Gould) Chilson, the Chilson family having come from Virginia and the Goulds from Con- necticut.. Mr. and Mrs. Rank have one child, Warren A., who was born in Canton, on the 28th of January, 1S61, and who was educated in the public schools of his native city, being graduated in the high school when eighteen years of age. After leaving school he secured employment in the machine shops of the Ault- man Company, where he remained until 1881, when he accepted a similar position in the city of Cleveland, wdiere he remained nine months, during which interval he completed a com- mercial course in a night school. In 1882 he returned to Canton and here took a position in the advertising department of the Aidtman Company, later being assigned to the shipping department and finally being promoted to the office of collector for the company. He .served his connection with this concern in 1888 and in tlie following year became a clerk in the census office in Washington, D. C, retaining this in- cumbency until 1894, and passing the following two and one-half years in Canton, after which lie returned to Washington, in 1896, where he continucf] in goxcrnment employ, in a clerical capacity, until June, 1902. In the national capitol, in 1891, Warren A. Rank was united in marriage to Miss Minnie M. Clinton, daughter of Jesse and Helen M. Clinton, anil a lineal descendant of DeWitt Clinton, at one time governor of New York and known in his- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1315 tory as an eminent statesman. Warren A. and Minnie M. Rank have one child, William Clin- ton, who was born in Washington, in 1899. ADAM LOTZ is descended from German parentage, his father lieing Peter H. Lotz, who was born in 1780, and his mother's maiden name being Elizabeth Nets, both of whom were born in Prussia, Germany. Peter Lotz was reared upon a farm in his native country, and when twenty-one years of age came to America with his mother, brother and two sisters. His future wife was also in the party, and as they were all too poor to pay tlieir ocean passage in advance they were, upon their arrival in this country, bound out for three years to pay for their passage. They first settled in Wilming- ton, Delaware, but in 1803, shortly after their marriage, they removed to Washington county, Pennsylvania, where they resided until 1 8 18, when . they came to Stark county, Ohio, where they made their home, became well known and well liked people, and there died at advanced ages, the father at ninety- three years and the mother at eighty-eight. They were the parents of fourteen children, of whom but three survive: Elizabeth, the widow of Daniel Allen, of Carroll county, Olho; Maria, the wife of John Pottorff, of Colum- biana county, Ohio, and the subject. The father had entered eighty acres of land upon locating in Ohio, in what was then Stark coun- ty, it later being made a part of Carroll county. and had later by purchase added to this until he had in his possession one hundred and seven acres. He -was an active Democrat in politics, and in religion a member of the Reformed church. He was an entei prising and progress- ive man, and one highly esteemed by all who knew him. For a number of years he con- ducted a saw mill upon his farm. Adam Lotz first saw the light of day iu Washington county, Pennsylvania, on the 25th (.■^f January, 1S16, and his youthful years were passed under the parental roof. liis educa- tion was somewhat limited, -having been sucli as was obtainable in the old-fashioned pioneer log school houses of that early day. These schools were crude in the extreme when com- pared with those of the present day, and the subject well remembers the old slab benches and the greased-paper windows. But these were the best facilities that could be provided at that time, and of these the subject took full advantage. After his m.arriage, in 1842, Mr. Lotz settled on a farm of one hundred and ten acres in Carroll county, which he had purchased a long time previously. In 1867 he disposed of this place and purcha.sed his present farm, con- sisting of two hundred and forty acres in Os- naburg township, where he has since resided. Mr. Lotz has all his life been a hard working- man. For some years prior to his marriage he worked at the carpenter's trade, and he was also employed for five years in clearing land, about the hardest toil imaginable. He re- ceived the first three crops off his land as his pay, and this largely enabled him to make the payments on his first purchase of land. In 1842 Mr. Lotz was united in marriage with Miss Catherine Hanck, a native of Lan- caster county, Pennsylvania, who died .\prit 5, 1898. .She was of foreign ancestry, her parents having come to this country from Wur- temburg, Germany. This union was a most happy and congenial one, and was blessed by the birth of fifteen children, thirteen of whom survive, as follows: Simon Z., a carpenter of Canton, Ohio; Alpheus J., of Labette coun- ty, Kansas; Reuben, of Carroll county, Ohio: Elizabeth A., the wife of John Ritz, a black- smith of Canton; Margaret J., Belinda C. and Willis W. are at home; Maretta I. is the wife of Frank Shirk, of Canton ; Alvin K. is a far- mer of Osnalwrg township ; Alvina L. married John P. Richen, and lives in Canton; Flora I. is the wife of Frank Henning, of this town- I3t6 OLD LANDMARKS ship; Phenora I. is the wife of Thomas Nimon, of Canton; Edward M. is at home; Tina M. is deceased, and one that died in infancy. Pohtically the principles of the subject are those embodied in the platform of the Demo- cratic party, and he has for many years taken a keen and intelligent interest m the trend of public events. He has done much active cam- paign work for his party, though he has never been an office seeker, lie was, however, at one time elected to the office of township trus- tee, the duties of which he discharged efficiently for several years. Religiously he is a member of the Reformed church, and has lived a life strictly in accordance with the teachings of that society. JAMES C. BURNHEIMER, as the name implies, is of German descent, although his fam- ily has been represented in America for many years, his great-grandfather emigrating from old country and settling in Pennsylvania at an early period in our national history. Sam- uel Burnheimer, the subject's grandfather, was born and reared to manhood in tiie Keystone state, and there married a lady of the name of Bechtel, whose ancestors also came from the Fatherland. Shortly after his marriage he moved to Stark county, Ohio, settling in Pike township, but later changed his abode to In- diana, in which state he lived for several years. Returning to the county of Stark at the re- quest of his son, he spent some years here, but afterwards went back to Indiana, where he spent the remainder of his life, dying there in 1897 at the advanced age of eighty. His wife died in Stark county in the year 1880. John Burnheimer, father of the subject, was born in Pike township, this county, and in early manhood worked at various occupa- tions, finally turning his attention to agricul- tural pursuits. He married, in his native town- ship. Miss Margaret Carnes, and later pur- chased the old Henry Keety farm, one of the first settled places in the township. Mrs. Burn- heimer died on this place at the early age of thirty-seven years, and Mr. Burnheimer subse- quently married the widow of John Briggle, of Sparta. Moving from his farm to Sparta, he remained in that town until 1886, when he emigrated west, locating at Breckenridge, Col- orado, where for sevral years he was engaged in mining and dealing in live stock. Subse- quently he moved to Oregon, in which state his death occurred on the isth of October, 1896, his wife dying there in the year 1900. By his first marriage John Burnheimer was the father of children as follows: Flora, de- ceased, married John Muckley; Ida, wife of D. S. Van Vorhis, of Van Wert, Ohio; James C, of this review; Maggie, now Mrs. Robert Foote, of Colorado; and Cora, who married Peter Cummins, also a resident of the latter state. Two children resulted from the second union: Edward, who died at the age of four years, and Charles. The birth of James C. Burnheimer occurred in Pike township. Stark county, Ohio, on the 9th of May, 1862, and he received his early educational discipline in the village of Battles- btn-g. He attended school in the winter time until the death of his mother, after which he started in the world to make his own living, spending the first three years as a farm laborer. Realizing that the future held out little promise to one who depended upon poorly remunerative labor as a tiller of the soil for others, he took up the carpenter's trade, and being naturally skillful in the use of tools it was not long until he became an efficient workman at liberal wages. In the year 1880 Mr. Burnheimer was married, in Sparta, to Laura, daughter of James Sanford, and shortly thereafter took up his residence in Mineral City, where he soon found remunerative employment at his trade. During the greater part of the ten years following he was in the employ of the Valley Railroad as CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1317 a bridge builder, later devoting his attention to contracting and building at that town and elsewhere, meeting with good success in his undertakings. In the year 18S7 he moved to Canton, and from that date to the present time he has been actively plying his trade, taking numerous large contracts for buildings in this city and other structures in different parts of the country. Mr. Burnheimer is a master workman, as is attested by his workmanship on the many buildings which today stand as monuments to his efficiency and skill. He was early thrown upon his own resources, but has succeeded in spite of the many obstacles in his way, oc- cupying a conspicuous position at this time among the leading contractors and builders in this part of the state. As a citizen he is re- spected by the people of Canton, and in indus- trial circles he has long been an influential factor, being one of the leaders in his own craft besides taking an active interest in behalf of organized labor of wliatever name or char- acter so it is honorable. In politics he is a staunch Republican, and ever since old enough to cast a ballot he has earnestly defended the soundness of his principles and labored zeal- ously for the party's success. In November, 1902, he was elected for the important office of county commissioner on the Republican ticket by a majority of twenty-four hundred, having previously served two terms on the board of education of the city of Canton. For a number of years past Mr. Burnheimer "has been prominently identified with the Inde- pendent Order of Odd Fellows in its several departments, joining the fraternity in 1883. Fle has held high official stations in the sub- ordinate lodge, encampment and Rebekah de- gree, in addition to which he is also a member of the Order of Eagles, belonging to Society No. 143. He has pronounced religious views, and is a firm believer in Christianity, belong- ing, with his wife, to the Simpson Methodist Episcopal church of Canton. Mr. Burnheimer is a gentleman of progressive ideas and in many ways has done much to elevate his fellow workmen and improve their social and moral condition, assisting to the extent of his influ- ence and ability all enterprises with these ob- jects in view. The pleasant home of Mr. and Mrs. Burnheimer is brightened by the presence of two children, a son and daughter whose names are Blanche L. and Dennis M. LEONARD M. LEAS was born in Osna- burg township. Stark county, Ohio, on the 14th of January, 1846, being a son of Jacob and Maria (Strayer) Leas, of whose nine children six are living at the present time, namelv: Leonard M.. who is the immediate subject of this sketch ; Lucy, who is the widow of J. S. Bissell, of Wooster, Ohio; Elizabeth, who is the widow of William Montgomery, and re- sides in Osnaburg tov\ nship ; Margaret, who is the wife of Isaac N. Kinney, a hardware mer- chant in Wooster, this state; Josephine, who is the wife of Joseph Firestone, who is identi- fied with the Columbus Buggy Company, in the capital city of the state; and Alice, who is the wife of W. S. Earseman, a successful mem- ber of the Stark county bar, residing in the vil- lage of Louisville. The father of the subject was born in Jefferson county, Ohio, in the year 181 7, which date is significant as indicating how early was the period at which the name became identified with the annals of the Buck- eye commonwealth. He was a son of Jacob and Elizabeth (Zimmerman) Leas, and he was reared on the old homestead farm and received a common-school education. After his mar- riage, which occurred about the year 1840, he came with his bride to Stark county, and located on the farm now owned by his daugh- ter, Elizabeth, Mrs. Montgomery, one-half mile north of the village of Osnaburg, the land hav- ing been previously entered from the govern- I3i8 OLD LANDMARKS ment by his grandfather, John Leas, who came here in an early day, and secured this prop- erty and also the farm now owned by the American Fire Proofing Company. He placed his son John on the first farm and his son Leonard on the second, but the former pro-\-ed tinsuccessful in the connection, and his father then sold the farm to his son Jacob, grand- father of the subject, and from him it came to the father of our subject. John Leas, the original representative of the family in this section of the state, after securing the two farms in Stark county, passed on through Carroll count)' and thence to Jefferson county, where he acquired extensive tracts of land. His son Jacob located in that county, and also a son- in-law in the immediate vicinity, and they all became prominent in the pioneer community. The son Leonard later removed to Carroll county, where he located on a farm and where he also conducted a tannery. The father of our subject boarded with his cousin John for about eighteen months after coming to Stark county on the first occasion, and then returned to Jefferson county and married, after which he came again to Stark county, and with his bride located in a small log cabin on his farm, W'hich was practically a virgin forest at the time. He set to himself the task of reclaiming the land to cultivation, and was successful in his efforts, eventually becoming one of the representative farmers of the county and re- taining the high regard of all who knew him. Here he passed the residue of his life, his de- clining years being spent in the home of his son, the subject of this review, and his death occurring on the 30th of May, 1900. He was a stanch supporter of the Republican party, but never sought the honors or emoluments of pub- lic office. He was a member of the Lutheran church, having been active in its work and having been an officer in the same for a long term of vears. His wife was born in Jefferson county, Ohio, in August, 182 1, being a daugh- ter of Samuel Strayer, who was a prominent farmer and teamster in that county for many- years, doing a large freighting busi'ness to Bal- timore, Philadelphia, Pittsburg and other east- ern points in the pioneer days, while he wielded a large influence in his section, his death oc- curring in Jefferson county when he was well advanced in years. The mother of the subject was summoned into eternal rest on the 20th of March, 1885. Leonard M. Leas was reared on the old homestead farm on which he was born, and after completing the curriculum of the district schools became a student in Mount Union Col- lege, where he completed his literary education. In 1867 he went to Waterloo, DeKalb county, Indiana, where he was for two years employed in a drug store, after which he purchased a half interest in a livery business in that city, the same being conducted imder the firm name of Leas, Zwilling & Company, and while he was thus concerned he was employed in the dry-goods store of his partner to offset the lat- ter's work in connection with the livery. The enterprise, however, proved a financial failure, and after a period of three years had elapsed Mr. Leas disposed of his interest in the same and returned to Stark county, where he had charge of the home farm for the ensuing three years, after which he passed a similar period on other farms in the vicinity, renting the same, while during this interval he also did a quite extensive business in the buying, feeding and shipping of live stock, in which connection his energetic and discriminating efforts were at- tended with marked success. In 1873 ^""^ P'-"'- chased his present home farm, which is located in sections 5 and 8, Osnaburg township, the same comprising seventy-eight and one-half acres. During the financial panic which fol- lowed matters did not present a flattering out- look to Mr. Leas, but by working assiduously- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1319 and with characteristic sagacity and energy he kept forging forward and finally developed one of the valuable farm properties of the county and attained a position of independence and definite prosperity. He has erected substantial and attractive farm buildings and kept the soil of his farm up to the highest state of productivity, and today he is referred to as one of the model farmers of this section. He still continues to devote much attention to ytock-growing, and not only feeds the major portion of the products of his own farm but also purchases much grain from outside sources, making this department of his farming enterpiise a source of excellent revenue. In politics Mr. Leas upholds the principles of the Democratic party, but is lib- eral in his views and is not insistently partisan in public affairs of a local nature. He is a consistent and valued member of the Lutheran church, as is also his wife, and fraternally he is identified with Osnaburg Grange, Patrons of Husbandry. On the 5th of March, 1871, Mr. Leas was united in marriage to Miss Nellie Farr. who was born in Orleans county. New York, being a daughter of Chesterl Farr, who died six months after his removal to Kansas, his Vvidow later removing to Waterloo, Indiana, where our subject formed the acquaintanceship of the family, and Mis. Farr later removed to Bryan, Ohio, where she was residing at the time of Mr. Leas" marriage to her daughter. I'o Air and Mrs. Leas have been born three children. namely : Alberta, w ho is the wife of I^^ee Housley, of Canton, this county ; Lucy, who is a student of osteopathy, in DesMoines, Iowa, and who was a companion to Mrs. Angel, wife of a well-known attorne}- of the city of Cleve- land, on a European lour in 1898, Mr. Angel later starting to join them and meeting death on the ill-fated steamer, "La Burgoyne," which went to the bottom, entailing the loss of nearly six hundred lives; and Elizabeth, the third daughter, remains at the parental home. CHARLES F. NARWOLD is a native son of the Buckeye state, having been born in the city of Cincinnati, on tlie 28th of August, 1867, and having been there reared to matur- ity. He began the battle of life on his own responsibility at an early age, having attended the public schools until he was fourteen years old, and having thereafter been variously em- ployed until he had attained the age of sixteen years, when he began an apprenticeship at the trade of confectioner, learning the same thor- oughly in all details.. With this line of in- dustry he has ever since been consecutively iden- tified, and through the same he has gained definite success and precedence as a business man. In i8gi he came to Canton from Cin- cinnati, and here engaged in the confectionery business on a modest scale, at the corner of Fifth and Cherry streets, utilizing rooms in the basement of the Flickering block. The superior character of his products as conjoined with his energetic and enterprising methods brought about a rapi^i expansion in his trade, and he was soon compelled to seek more com- modious quarters. In 1892 he purchased a building on Mahoning street, and there he con- tinued operations until 1898, when he pur- chased his present commodious and eligible headquarters, where he has the best of facili- ties for the manufacturing of high-grade con- fections, and from which he transacts a large and important business, his trade extending throughout the wide area of country naturally tributary to Canton as a wholesale center, while the products of the establishment have attained the highest popularity wherever introduced. In i8go Frederick Narwold. a brother of the sub- ject, became associated with the enterprise, but was later succeeded by C. C. Palmer, who withdrew from the business in 1894, at which time Frederick Narwold again became asso- ciated with the business, though he was not a partner in the same until April, 1902, when the business was incorporated under the title of I320 OLD LANDMARKS C. F. Narwold & Company, the interested in- dividuals being Charles F. and Frederick Nar- wold; John F. Diebel, \\ho had formerly been bookkeeper for the concern ; and Jacob Hawk, of Bolivar. The Messrs. Narwold are both stanch supporters of the Republican party, and both are valued members of the First Re- formed church, in Canton. Fraternally the subject is prominently identified with the Woodmen of the World, the Knights of Pyth- ias and the United Commercial Travelers. In the city of Canton, on the i6th of Sep- tember, 1 89 1, Mr. Narwold was united in mar- riage to Miss Sophia Lammers, who was born in Cincinnati, being a daughter of Frederick Lammers, of that city. Mr. and Mrs. Nar- wold have had four children, namely : Carl, Lewis, Alfred and Marion, the last named hav- ing died in infancy. Frederick Narwold, the brother of the subject, was born in Cincinnati, on the 14th of May, 1870, and he married Miss Matilda Beneker, of Cincinnati, where, like his brother, he has gained a i eputation of being an able and straightforward young business man. Their parents, Richard and Louisa Narwold, were born in Germany, and both still retain their residence in Cincinnati, where they lo- cated soon after coming to America. JAMES A. SAXTON was born in Canton May I, 1812, in the old family home, a brick house which stood in a part of the present site of the McKinley Hotel, on South Market street. He was the son of John and Margaret (Laird) Saxton. He received his early edu- cation in the village schools, having for his classmates a number of lads who, like himself, afterwards Ijecame prominent in the affairs of the city, county and stat^. His early training was such as to foster habits of industry and self-reliance, as is attested by the fact of his having engaged in business for himself at the age of eighteen. when he opened a hardware store in a building which stood on part of the present court house site, adjoining what was formerly known as Laird's Tannery. After conducting this line of trade for some years with liberal finan- cial profits, he founded the Stark County Bank, of which he was made president, and which under his efficient management became one of the most successful and popular institutions of the kind in the eastern part of Ohio. ~Slr. Sax- ton devoted much attention to the study of monetary questions and became familiar with every phase of finance, theoretical and practical, and continued at the head of the above bank for a number of years, during which his reputation as a sound, conservative and eminently hon- orable business man added greatly to the stand- ing of the institution in the financial circles of the state. Subsequently Mr. Saxton retired from the bank and went to New York, where, in addition to other business enterprises, he set- tled up the estate of his old friend and former partner, Mr. Schweitzer, who for a number of years had conducted a large hardware house in the city of New York. After satisfactorily ad- justing the affairs of this important undertak- ing he returned to Canton, where he spent the remainder of his days, having by diligent at- tention to business during a long and active ca- reer, acquired an ample competence, which en- abled him to pass his closing years in the en- joyment of the fruits of his well directed toil. Mr. Saxton was a man of mark in the busi- ness and social circles of Canton, and his life, eminently honorable and upright, was crowned with useful labors and efficient service. Dur- ing his active years there were few enterprises or movements appealing to public spirit in which he was not a conspicuous, constant and worthy co-laborer. He was originally a Whig in politics, later became a Republican, and while always zealous in upholding the princi- ples of his party and untiring in his efforts to promote its success, he never aspired to of- ^^2-y quoting briefly from a pre- viously published sketch : "Peter Folks, Sr., grew to manhood in Pennsylvania, where he was married and where four of his children were born, three daughters and one son. One of the daughters died in infancy. Elizabeth mar- ried Frederick Herbster, whose home was in \\^ashington township, Stark county, Ohio, where her descendants still live. She left eight children by her first husband and one by her second husband, Abraham Lutz. Cath- erine married Joshua Lentz, and they likewise resided in Washington township, this county, where she died, leaving four children. John resided for manv years in Nimishillen township CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1371 Avhere he died about 1881, when more than sixty years of age, leaving four children." Peter Folk, Sr., was numbered among the earliest settlers of Stark county, where he en- tered a section of government land in the midst of the virgin forest of Nimishillen township, and here his youngest son, Peter, Jr., father of the subject, was born, all the other children having been born in Pennsylvania, as before noted. After the survey of the land was com- pleted Peter Folk, Sr., divided the same among his three sons, Peter, Jacob and Abraham, each of whom recei\ed two hundred and seventeen acres. After the father of the subject grew to manhood he and his brother John came into possession of their father's farm, and there the former continued his residence until the early eighties, when he removed to the village of Louisville, this county, our subject having pur- chased the old homestead about this time. Of the father of the subject the following has been written: "Peter Folk, Jr., attained his growth on the farm entered by his father and received a fair education for his day. His early life was spent in hard labor in clearing the farm, and amid pioneer scenes. He was married a little before his twenty-first birthday on the nth of December, 1846, to Miss Lydia Reese, and shortly afterwards his father gave him one hundred and six acres of land. This young couple began housekeeping in a log house, and although they had little else to be- gin with save willing hands and any amount of energy, they met with much success and were classed among the substantial and representa- tive citizens of the county. In the year 185S Mr. Folk purchased a quarter section of land in the state of Michigan, retaining possession of the same for twent)^ years and then disposing of the property. In 1847 h^ erected on his farm a good bank barn, and 1861 a fine resi- dence, which still stands. The farm has now been in the possession of the family for four generations. Mr. Folk is a Republican in poli- tics, and his first presidential vote was cast in 1848, for General Taylor, the candidate of the Whig party. He was school director about fifteen consecutive years and is a member of the Progressive Brethren church of which he was trustee for a long term of years." Joseph Folk was reared on the old home- stead farm, and early began to contribute his quota to its work, while he received such educa- tional advantages as were afforded in the pub- lic schools of the locality and period, thus lay- ing the foundation for that broad fund of in- formation which he has since gained through being in active touch with men and affairs. As before noted, he came into possession of the farm about the time of his father's removal to the village of Louisville, and he continued to reside there until 1891, when he also removed to the same town, renting the farm, and in Louisville he has since continued to make his home, while for the past two years his vener- able and revered father has resided with him. When the integrity of the Union was in jeop- ardy through armed rebellion on the part of the Confederate states, Mr. Folk showed his intrinsic loyalty by enlisting, on the 4th of Sep- tember, 1864. as a private in Company I, One Flundred and Seventy-eighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with which he continued in service until victory crowned the Union arms. Soon after the organization of the regiment was eft'ected it was sent to Nashville, Tennessee, and thence to Tullahoma, where it was detailed on guard duty about two months, after, which it moved back as far as Murfreesboro, where it was stationed at the time of the memorable bat- tle of Nashville, after which it went to Clifton, Tennessee, and there embarked for the city of Cincinnati, Ohio, from which point it proceeded to the national capita! and thence to Newbern, North Carolina, where it disembarked and marched forward to Goldsboro, having a spirited engagement at Clifton while en route. The command joined Sherman's army at Golds- 1372 OLD LANDMARKS boro and remained with his forces until the sur- render of Lee, after which the regiment re- turned to Columbus, Ohio, where Mr. Folk re- ceived his honorable discharge on the 28th of July, 1865. He was under fire at Cedar Flats and Kingston, North Carolina, and also partic- ipated in numerous skirmishes, having several narrow escapes from capture and having been fortunate in escaping all wounds. He was found at the post of duty every day save one of his entire period of service, and made the rec- ord of a gallant and faithful soldier. After the close of the war Mr. Folk re- turned to the old homestead, where he con- tinued to devote his attention to agricultural pursuits, while in addition to this he mani- fested his enterprising spirit by securing a modern threshing outfit, which he continued to operate for a number of years, the same having been the first threshing machine operated by steam in the county. In 1872 he purchased a half interest in a saw-mill on the home farm, eventually acquiring full control of the same, which he kept in active operation for a number of years, and which is now used for short periods, on special work. In politics Mr. Folk has ever given a stanch allegiance to the Repub- lican party, and his personal popularity in Nimishillen township was brought into dis- tinctive evidence in about 1886, when he was elected to the office of township trustee, in face of the fact that the political complexion of the township is strongly Democratic, while he nat- urally appeared as the candidate of the Repub- lican party. In 1889 he was the nominee of his party for director of the county infirmary, but was defeated with the remainder of the party ticket, the normal Democratic majority being large and impossible to overcome. Mr. Fplk and his wife are prominent and zealous members of the Reformed church, in which he is deacon and treasurer of the church in Louis- ville, taking a deep interest in its spiritual work and the support of its collateral benevolences. Fraternally he holds membership in George D. Harter Post No. 555, Grand Army of the Re- public, in the city of Canton, and Louisville Council No. 152, of the Junior Order of United American Mechanics. On the 14th of December, 1873, ^r. Folk was imited in marriage to Miss Eliza A. Miller, who was born in the village of Louisville, this county, on the 3d of Deceniber, 1847, being a daughter of Peter and Barbara (Kloffenstein) Miller, the former of whom was born in Penn- sylvania and the latter in France, while they were numbered among the honored pioneer citizens of Stark county, where the death of each occurred, as did also that of the mother of Mr. Folk, who entered into eternal rest in 1898, at the age of seventy-five years. Mr. and Mrs. Folk have no children. WILLIAM T. SOMMERVILLE is a na- tive of the old Keystone state of the Union, having been born in Mercer county, Pennsyl- vania, on the lOth of December, 1854, and being a son of William and Catherine (Weath- erspoon) Sommerville, of whose six children all survive except Margaret, who died in 1865, the others being as follows: Jane, who is the widow of John Kelly, of Hanover, Licking county, Ohio; Thomas, who was killed by a cave-in in a coal mine in 1902, in Columbiana county; Catherine, who is the wife of Melvin Scholenberger. of Freeburg, Stark county; James, who is a resident of East Rochester, Columbiana county; and William T., whose name indicates this sketch. The father of the subject was born in Scotland, in the year 1822, and there he was reared and educated, while as a youth he began working in the coal mines and became thoroughly familiar with the meth- ods of development in this line of industry. Shortly after his marriage he emigrated to America and located in Mercer county, Penn- sylvania, where he became a member of the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1373- coal-operating firm of Pierce, Fish & Sommer- ville, and there he maintained his residence until 1865, when he came to Ohio and located on a farm near East Rochester, Columbiana county, the same comprising one hundred and sixty acres. On the farm which he thus purchased was a good deposit of coal, and he there re- mained for eighteen years, engaged in farming and in the development of his coal bank. In 1883- he left his son /ames in charge of this farm and came to Stark county, where he pur- chased the farm, in Paris township, where our subject now resides. On the place a coal bank had been opened many years previously, but the development had not been carried forward to any considerable extent, and through aban- donment for a term of years the property was in very bad shape. The father of the subject forthwith employed a corps of men, and at an expense of several hundred dollars drained the mine and put the same in proper order for effective development. He continued to work this mine until 1888, when his son William T.. of this sketch, purchased the farm and coal bank, and has since carried forward the dual enterprise with distinctive discrimination and success. The father's death occurred in 1891. He was a Republican in politics, and was a valued member of the Masonic fraternity. His devoted wife, who was likewise a native of the fair land of "brown heather and shaggy wood," survived him by about two years, having been a woman of noble and gracious character. William T. Sommerville was reared to ma- turity beneath the home rooftree, and received his early educational training in the public schools, his opportunities in this line, however, being somewhat limited in scope. On the 4th of February, 1883, Mr. Sommerville was united in marriage to Miss Sarah A. Emmons, of East Rochester, Columbiana county, and about this time his father purchased the farm in Stark county, and the subject entered into partner- ship with him in the operation of the coal mine on the place, thus continuing until 1888, when he purchased the farm and mine, as has already been noted. In politics he accords a stanch allegiance to the Republican party, and he is known as a public-spiriteci and progressive citi- zen. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, in whose cause they are zealous workers, Mr. Sommerville be- ing a member of the board of trustees of the church at New Franklin, and also treasurer of the same. To him and his wife have been born two daughters, Carrie E. and Olive A. DAVID L. VAN DYNE was born on his present farm, in Paris township. Stark county, Ohio, on the loth of January, 1834, being a son of William and EHzabeth (Slagle) Van Dyne, of whose three children he is the elder of the two surviving ; his sister, Mary Elizabeth, is the widow of Abraham H. Bair, of Akron, Ohio. As the name indicates, the Van Dyne family is of Holland derivation, and the orig- inal American progenitor emigrated from the sturdy land of dykes to the new world prior to the war of the Revolution, thus adding an- other to the list of his countrymen who have played so important a part in our nation's his- tory from the time of the foundation of- New' Amsterdam, the quaint and characteristic Dutch village, which has given place to the magnificent metropolis of the republic. This ancestor settled either on Long Island or Staten Island, but eventually removed over into New Jersey, where the old family homestead, erected in the Revolutionary epoch, is still standing, in Keyport, Monmouth county. Dennis Van Dyne, the grandfather of the subject, was a soldier in the Continental line during the great struggle for independence, as were two of his brothers, and after the war he migrated to Pennsylvania and took up his abode in Adams county, where he maintained his home for a number of years, being engaged in agricultural 1374 OLD LANDMARKS pursuits. In tliat county Wiiiiam Van Dyne, father of our subject, was born and reared, and there his marriage was solemnized. The date of his nativity was the year 1788, and he grew to maturity on the homestead farm, while he received a good education for the day and was a man of strong intellectual powers. About the year 1828 lie came to Stark county, Ohio, being accompanied by his family and by his venerable father, who here passed the resi- due of his life. William Va'n Dyne located on the farm now owned by his son, subject of this sketch, settling in the midst of the primeval forest and setting to himself the herculean task of reclaiming the land to cultivation, while the original family abode was a primitive log cabin of the type common to the locality and period. The maternal grandfather of the subject, Dan- iel Slagle, having entered two sections of land in this county, and having divided the same among his children, his daughter Elizabeth (Mrs. William Van Dyne) securing one hun- dred and fourteen acres as lier share. Mr. Van Dyne reclaimed and improved this farm, mak- ing it one of the valuable properties of the county, and on this homestead he continued to reside until his death, in the year i860, when more than three score and ten years of age, his devoted wife passing away in 1880, at the age of eighty-six years. David L. Van Dyne was reared to maturity on the pioneer farm, and the educational ad- vantages which fell to his portion in his youth were such as were afforded in the little log school-house of the period, the same being equipped with puncheon floor, slab benches, yawning fire-place and windows of oiled paper in lieu of glass, — primitive institutions often described and often the places where future greatness was nurtured. In 1858, up to which time he had assisted in the work of the home farm, he became imbued with an earnest de- sire to see somwhat more of the outside world, and, at the age of twenty-four years, he then started forth on a tour of the west, visiting various sections and being in Nebraska at the time of his father's death. Upon' receiving- tidings of tlie demise of his sire he returned home and purchased his sister's interest in the homestead, and since that time he has con- secutively maintained his home here, having remained in the west about two years. He has been successful in his farming enterprise, is a man of broad information and fine intel- lectuality, a constant and omnivorous reader of standard literature and one who also keeps in close touch with the questions and issues of the day, so that his reminiscences of the pioneer days, as well as his discussions of the latter-day topics, are of marked interest. He has giv'en an uncompromising allegiance to the Republican party from the time of its organiza- tion, and his religious faith is that of the Lu- theran church, of which his devoted and cher- ished wife was likewise a member. On the 1 6th of September, 1862, Mr. Van Dyne was united in marriage to Miss Ellen Smith, who likewise was born in Paris tov.n- ship, being a daughter of Lewis Smith, who was one of the prominent pioneer farmers of this township, and she remained his devoted companion and helpmeet for nearly forty years, being summoned into eternal rest on the nth of September, 1898, secure in the affectionate regard of all who had come within the sphere of her gentle influence. One child was Iwrn of this union, Ada, who is the wife of Charles Newcomer, who has active supervision of the homestead farm of the subiect. HENRY R. SWALLEN is a native son of the Buckeye state, having been born in Brown township, Carroll county, Ohio, on Christmas day of the year 1841. He is a son of Christian and Elizabeth (Schory) Swallen, of whose nine children the following named five are yet living: Sophia, who is not mar- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. >375 ried and wlio resides in the city of Alliance, this county; Henry R., subject of this sketch; Christopher, who is a successful farmer of Washington township, this county; Albert, who resides in the city of Alliance; and Will- iam L., wdio has been for the past nine years a missionary of the Presbyterian church in Corea. 'J"he father of our subject was born in Switzerland, in 1813, and was there reared to the age of twelve years, and then accompanied his parents on their emigration to America, the family coming to Stark county and residing for a brief interval in \\hat is now the city of Canton, the place being at that time a mere vil- lage, and from here they proceeded over the line into Carroll county, wdiere the grandfa- ther, Henry Swallen, took up a tract of unre- claimed land, in Brown township, where he passed the remainder of his life, clearing his land of its heavy growth of native timber and bringing the same under effective cultivation. On this old homestead Christian Swallen was reared to maturity, and it is needless to say that he had his full quota of hard work in con- nection with the reclamation and cultivation of the pioneer farm, and for a number of years after attaining maturity he had charge of the homestead. In 1859 he removed with his fam- ily to Stark county and located on a farm in Paris township, the same comprising one hun- dred and sixty acres and being about two miles east of the village of Paris, and the property being now owned by daughter, Sophia, of Al- liance. The farm had been partially improved, and he de\-eloped the same into one of the valu- able places of this section, equipping it with good buildings and bringing the land under a high state of producti\ity, while this continued to be his home until he was called from the scene of life's labors, his death occurring in the year 1880, at the age of sixty-seven years. He was energetic and discriminating in his efforts and was one of the highly honored citizens of the county, being signally true and faithful in all the relations of life. In politics, though never an aspirant for otiicial preferment, he was an uncompromising advocate of the prin- ciples and policies of the Democratic party, while both he and his wife were zealous mem- bers of the Reformed church. His w;ife was born in Switzerland, and survived her husband by about a decade, her death occurring in 1890. Henry R. Swallen was reared to maturity on the homestead farm, and his educational privileges were such as were afforded in the public schools of this locality. He continued to assist in the work of the home farm until his marriage, in 1867, after which he purchased a small farm southwest of the village of Paris and there made his home for the ensuing ten years, at the expiration of which he purchased his present tine farm of one hundred and sixty acres, where he has since been successfully en- gaged in general farming, devoting somewhat of his attention to the raising of a high grade of live stock. He has ever been stanchly arrayed in support of the principles and policies of the Democratic party, and was elected to the office of township trustee, in which he served one term, proving" a capable and acceptable incum- bent, though he has never been an aspirant for the honors or emoluments of public office. He is a valued member of the Reformed church in the village of Paris, as is also his wife, and the family are prominent in the best social life of the community. In February, 1867, Mr. Swallen was united in marriage to ]\Iiss Florence Goodin, who was born in Osnaburg township, this county, being a daughter of the late \\'illiam B. Goodin, who was an honored pioneer of the county, where in the early days he had his residence while con- ducting a quite extensive freighting business overland between Massillon, this county, and the city of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. In the later years of his life he was one of the influential farmers of Osnaburg township. I\Ir. and Mrs. Swallen are the parents of eight children. 1376 OLD LANDMARKS namely: Frank O.. who is a successful young farmer of Osnaburg township; Edgar, who is engaged in the produce business in the city of Canton ; May, who is the wife of Orwig F. Sinigar, of that city ; Arthur who is a popular and talented teacher of music in Canton ; and Anna, Karl, Webster and Edith, all of whom still remain at the parental home. JAMES E. DOUGHERTY, M. D., de- ceased, was one of Stark county's most promi- nent physicians and citizens, he having prac- ticed medicine in the county for over thirty- six years, and his prominence and popularity led to his being twice elected county recorder. Dr. Dougherty was a native of Beaver county, Pennsylvania, and was born on March 13, 1820, being the eldest child and only son of four children born to John and Elizabeth (Crail) Dougherty. The father was born in Franklin county, Pennsylvania, on December 3, 1796, and was the son of James Dougherty, a native of Ireland. The mother of the Doc- tor was born in Pennsylvania on June 25, 1801, and was the daughter of John Crail, Esq., a native of the Isle of Man, who was a Revolu- tionary soldier. John Dougherty died at Rich- mond, Ohio, March 20, 1831, his wife, Eliza- beth, preceding him to the grave, she dying in 1827. Dr. James E. Dougherty attended the com- mon schools of Jefferson county, Ohio, and was afterwards a student at the classical institute of Richmond, Ohio, where he spent two and a half years. He then taught school at intervals and at the same time took up the study of medicine with Dr. E. M. Pyle, of Richmond, Ohio, as his preceptor, and from whom he re- ceived his diploma, that being previous to the regulations later prescribed by law requiring a diploma from a medical college. The suc- ceeding five years were spent in Beaver county, Pennsylvania, where he practiced his profes- sion, after which he located in Jefferson coun- ty, Ohio. In 1849 he took up his residence at Greentown, Stark county, where he continued in the active practice for thirty-six years. Dur- ing the Civil war he enlisted, in May, 1864, and became lieutenant colonel of the One Hun- dred and Sixty-second regiment, Ohio National Guard, which was called out for one-hundred- day service and sent to Covington, Kentucky, at which point it did garrison duty most of the- time. He was always a stanch Republican, from the organization of that party. In 1885 he was elected on the Republican ticket tO' the office of county recorder, and removed to Can- ton in December of that year to take charge of the office for a term of three years. His ma- jority at the polls was only sixteen votes, but so faithfully and acceptably did he discharge his duties and so popular did he become that in 1888, at the expiration of his term, he was again nominated by his party, and was re- elected by a majority of six hundred and sev- enty-one votes, running one thousand votes ahead of his ticket. The Doctor was a mem- ber of Canton Lodge No. 60, Free and Accept- ed Masons, Canton Chapter No. 84, Royal Arch Masons, Hodassah Lodge No. 350, In- dependent Order of Odd Fellows, of Green- town, and of Canton Post No. 25, Grand Army of the Republic. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. . He served from 1877 to 1885 as secretary of the Lake Township Mutual Fire Insurance Company, re- signing when he removed to Canton. Dr. Dougherty was twice married. His first wife was Miss Phoebe L. Thompson, of Carroll county, Ohio, whom he married April II, 1844. At her death she left one son, Will- iam T., who is now engaged in the real estate business and also insurance business in New Castle, Pennsylvania. On September 27, 1849, the Doctor married Miss Angeline, the daugh- ter of Thomas- Gorgas, of Greentown, Ohio, who was a native of Lancaster county, Penn- ^ , •Zy^^T^Z^ >4^t^^-«^ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. ^177 sylvania. To this man-jage eight children were born, as follows: Charles A., recorder of Stark county; Louis Edwin, physician, of Greentown, Ohio; James E. died in 1888; John F., a dentist of Canton; Mary E., who was deputy recorder during her father's incumb- ency of that office, and is filling the same posi- tion under the administration of her brother, Charles A., present recorder; Sarah A., who married Martin A. Mattice, and died in 1891 ; Maggie, who died at the age of seven years; and an infant daughter who died unnamed. Dr. Dougherty died March 24, 1894. His widow, who survives him, was born January 4, 1833- MRS. MARY E. GROOM was born in New Franklin, this county, being a daughter of Thomas and Catherine (Kiplinger) Martin, of whose four children three are yet living, namely: Andrew A., who is a resident of Sebring, Mahoning county, this state; Anna E., who is the wife of Frederick Goodman, of Akron, Ohio; and Mrs. Groom. Thomas Martin was born in Franklin county, Pennsyl- vania, his father being a native of England and his mother being of Scottish parentage. The Martin family was one of wealth and prominence in England, and the father of Thomas became involved in some dissension with the family and manifested his independ- ence by emigrating to the United States. He located in Franklin county, Pennsylvania, where he engaged in contracting and build- ing, and he was killed by a falling timber when forty-seven years of age. His wife, whose maiden name was Mary Campbell, was born in Franklin county, Pennsylvania, shortly after her parents' emigration to that place from Scotland. Thomas Martin was reared and educated in his native county and learned in his youth the trade of tailoring, to which he there devoted his attention until 1852, when he 86 came to Stark county and located in New Franklin, where he was engaged in the work of his trade and in conducting a hotel for many years. In 1870 he withdrew from the tailoring business, but he still continued his hotel enterprise until 1890, when he removed to the city of Alliance, where he lived till 1894, when he returned to New Franklin, where his death occurred in 1897, at which time he was seventy-eight years of age. He was well known in Stark county and was a man who commanded unqualified confidence and esteem. In his political proclivities he was a stanch Democrat, and for many years he was a mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal church, but in 1865, on account of the political dissensions -which brought about a division in the northern and southern branches of the church owing to the war of the Rebellion, he withdrew from the body and identified himself with the Lutheran church, in which he remained a con- sistent and active member until his death, his widow being likewise a devoted adherent of this church. She was born in New Franklin, this county, in 1840, being a daughter of Samuel and Sarah (Slagle) Keplinger, who- came from Franklin county, Pennsylvania, as early settlers in New Franklin, where they passed the remainder of their lives. Mrs. Martin now makes her home with her elder daughter, Mrs. Goodman, of Akron, this state. Mrs. Groom was reared in her father's, hotel in New Franklin, and as a child began- to assist in the culinary department of the same, ever manifesting a lively interest in the preparation of attractive and wholesome viands, and this early discipline is what has led her to continue in the line of enterprise in which she has achieved so noteworthy suc- cess, her parents having been consecutively engaged in the hotel business in this place for more than forty years. She received her edu- cational discipline in the public schools, but was married at a very early age, since she was 1378 OLD LANDMARKS united to Kersey H. Groom only twenty-two days after her twelfth birthday anniversary. Her husband was a blacksmith and wagon maker by A'ocation, and after their marriage they continued to reside in New Franklin. In 1890 her parents retired from the hotel busi- ness and removed to Alliance, and Mrs. Groom was persuaded to provide table accommoda- tions for transient guests, as the town was left without proper hotel facilities. Her hospi- tality and attractive service caused her busi- ness to soon assume such proportions that she found it expedient to remove from her cottage to the brick hotel building, where she con- ducted a successful business for one year, at the expiration of which she was called to Alli- ance to take charge of the boarding house con- ducted by her mother. She personally leased the building for a term of two years and when this lease expired she returned to her New- Franklin cottage, where she lived retired from all business associations for the ensuing two years. On the 22d of January, 1897, directly after the death of her honored father, she again removed into the hotel building and there carried on a very popular and success- ful business until the 17th of February, 1900, when she removed to her own building, which is conducted as a hotel and whose accommo- dations are fully appreciated by the traveling public, so that her indefatigable and earnest efforts are crowned with a due measure of suc- cess. An idea of the extent of the business may be gained when we state that during the year 1901 she entertained more than two thousand guests, implying the serving of more than four thousand meals, while the last year showed a marked increase in the volume of trade. Of Mrs. GroonVs four children the following named three survive: George W., who is a mechanical draughtsman in Alle- gheny, Pennsylvania; and Myrtle E. and Daisv M., who remain with their mother.. Mrs. Groom is a member of the Lutheran church and has taken a deep and helpful interest in the various departments of its work. HIRAM H. ESSICK is a native son of Ohio, having been born in Columbiana coun- ty, on the 14th of March, 1856, and being a son of William and Catherine (Hossler) Es- sick, of whose eleven children ten are living, namely : Abram, who is a resident of Ells- worth county, Kansas; William A. and John M., who likewise reside in that county; Hiram H., who IS the immediate subject of this sketch ; Charles E., who resides in Columbiana county, Ohio; Anna L., who is the wife of Dr. John J. Chambers, of Alliance, this coun- ty; Ella, who is the wife of Benjamin F. Sulli- van, of Alliance; George, who is a practicing physician in Wayne county, this state; Katurah, who is the wife of David V. White- leather, an attorney of Columbia City, Indi- ana : and Ida, who is the wife of Fernando S. Pieren, of Kno.x township, Columbiana county, Ohio. The father of the subject was born in Franklin county, Pennsylvania, in the year 1 819, and was reared on a farm and continued to follow agricultural pursuits during his en- tire life. In 1850 he emigrated with his family to Ohio and located on a farm in West town- ship, Columbiana county, near the line of Stark county, and there he continued to reside until his death, which occurred in 1898. He owned a well improved farm of one hundred and sixty-five acres, and devoted his attention to general agriculture and the raising of high- grade live stock. He was a stalwart Demo- crat in his political proclivities and was promi- nent in public affairs of a local nature, having served as township trustee and treasurer and in other offices of trust and responsibility. He was a valued and consistent member of the Lutheran church, as was also his estimable CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1379 wife, who survived him by about four years, her death occurring in April, 1902. Hiram H. Essick was reared to ma- turity on the homestead farm where he was bom, and secured an excellent common-school education. Upon attaining his legal majority he assumed the management of the home farm, which he operated on shares up to the time of his marriage, in the year 1881, when he leased a farm two miles west of the village of New Franklin, in Paris township, Stark county, and here he continued to follow farming as a renter until 1 89 1, when he purchased the place and continued his residence on the same until 1897, whein he purchased and removed to his present handsome home, a quarter of a mile south of New Franklin, the same having been formerly the home of his father-in-law and the residence being one of the most spacious and attractive in this section of the county. In this farm, which Mr. Essick purchased of the heirs of the estate, are eighty-eight acres, while in his other farm, which he still retains, are seventy-three acres, both places being operated under his di- rect supervision. In politics he gives an un- compromising allegiance to the Democratic party, and at the present time he is president of the board of education of his district, while he is a leading member of the Home Mutual Insurance Company, of Paris and Washington townships, of which he is secretary, proving a most capable and popular executive in the handling of the affairs of this well established and Ijeneficent organization. He and his wife are both earnest and zealous members of the Lutheran church, in which he is an elder, while for the past four years he has done a most helpful and highly appreciated work as super- intendent of the Sunday school. On the 20th of September, 1881, Mr. Es- sick was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Deppen, who was born in New Franklin, Paris township, being a daughter of the late Andrew Deppen, who was for many years a prominent business man of New Franklin, where he was engaged in the harness and saddlery business, while he also conducted his fine farm, lying contiguous to the village. Mr. and Mrs. Es- sick have one daughter, Edna C, who was born on the 27th of September, 1884. THOMAS C. HAYNAM, of Paris town- ship, is descended from one of the earliest set- tlers of Stark county, his grandfather, Thomas Haynam, a native of Maryland, having come to this part of the state as long ago as 1804 and settled on the place now owned and occupied by James Haynam, This land was entered for Thomas Haynam by his father, who was also a pioneer and a man of sterling worth. After clearing his land and converting it into a good farm Thomas Haynam purchased additional real estate and in due time became one of the prominent agriculturists and leading citizens of this community. He reared a family of three sons, George, William and John, and four daughters, Mary I., Barbara, Betsey and Rachel, all deceased. Mr. Haynam died on the homestead about the year 1859, honored and respected by all who knew him. John Haynam was the first white child born within the present limits of Paris township, and the birth of several other members of the family also occurred in a very early day. George Haynam, another son of Thomas, was born in Paris township in the year 1822. He was reared to agricultural pursuits and after his marriage settled on one of his father's farms, which he continued to cultivate until purchasing one hundred and sixty acres of his own, the latter having also been a part of the paternal estate. As an agriculturist and man of aft'airs John Haynam enjoyed marked pres- tige. A pronounced Republican in politics, he never aspired to official station, but in a cour- ageous, manly way did much for the success of his party during the active period of his life. 1380 OLD LANDMARKS Religiously he was one of the pillars of the Disciple church in Paris township and to him as much as to any one man is due the remark- able progress which has marked the histon,' of the Current Reformation in this part of Stark county. The maiden name of Mrs. George Haynam was Elizabeth Crowd, whose parents were also among the early settlers of Stark county. She bore a family of thirteen children, eleven of whom survive, namely : Angeline, wdfe of George Rutledge; Henrj^; Thomas C. ; Mary, who married George J. Holben ; Elmira, wife of James Neiman; John, Jeremiah, Charles, Daniel, Frank and Curtis, all residents of Paris township except Mrs. Rutledge, who lives in Carroll county, this state. The father of these children departed this life in February, 1901, at the age of seventy-nine 3-ears; the mother is still living. Thomas C. Haynam was born in the pa- ternal homestead in Paris township, Stark county, Ohio. February 5, 1852. He grew up a well developed youth of marked individuality and when old enough entered the public schools where he acquired a practical knowledge of the fundamental branches of learning. During the working seasons he assisted his father and other brothers in running the farm, and when it became necessary to chose a vocation of his own, he did not long hesitate in deciding to de- vote his life and energies to the time honored calling of agriculture. On the nth day of October, 1874, Mr. Haynam was happily married to I\Iiss Amelia Werle, of Paris township, whose father, Mich- ael Werle, came to the United States from Ger- many and in the early 'fifties settled in Stark county where he engaged in agricultural pur- suits. Immediately after his marriage Mr. Haynam settled on one of his father's farms in Paris township and later in 188/], came into possession of the place by purchase. Subse- quently, in 1897, he bought of Mr. Marshall a seventy-acre farm on which, two years later. he began the erection of a fine residence, which was completed and ready for occupancy in I goo. Mr. Flaynam moved to his second pur- chase the year in which his house was finished and since that time lias managed both farms, meeting with most encouraging success in his agricultural and other business interests. Mr. Haynam's private character is without a stain and his name carries no blemish. In the public affairs of his township he lias long been an influential factor and for many years his name has been identified with nearly every en- terprise for the general good of the community. In politics he supports the Republican party, in religion he is one of the leaders of the Dis- ciple church, and in all things his life has been characterized by that broad spirit of charity and philanthrophy which bespeak the sincere Christian and the true lover of his kind. Aside from seeing six years as a member of the local school board, he has held no public office and it may be safely said that his tastes and inclina- tions have been in other directions than that of political distinction. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Haynam has been blessed with six children, of whom the following are living: Ida, wife of Ira Myers; George, Arthur and Clay, the last three still with their parents. HENRY HAYNAM stands distinctively as one of the enterprising and progressive farm- ers of his township and is a native of Stark county, born in Paris township on the 17th day of February, 1852, being the first son of George and Elizabeth (Crowl) Haynam, and a brother of Thomas C. Haynam, to whose sketch the reader is respectfully referred for facts con- cerning the family's ancestral history. The subject's early life on the paternal homestead passed quietly and in the main uneventually. Being one of the oldest of the family, there fell to him, while still a mere lad, much of the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1381 labor and responsibility of the farm. On this account his educational discipline was quite limited, notwithstanding which he attended, during his childhood and youth, the country schools and by making the most of such op- portunities as they presented, obtained a fair knowledge of the common branches of study, so that on reaching the age of manhood he was well prepared to assume the responsibilities which mature years naturally bring. After careful reflection he decided to follow the pur- suit to which his ancestors for many years had devoted their lives, — farming, — and the better to prosecute it successfully he chose in his twenty-first year a companion and help- mate in the person of Miss Lydia Newcomer, of Columbiana county, who became his wife on tl:e 9th day of January, 1873. Shortly after their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Haynam set up their first domestic establish- ment on a part of his father's place in Paris township, and he continued to cultivate the land as a renter until purchasing a farm of his own, about ten years later. His present place, con- sisting of sixty acres of finely tilled and beauti- fully situated land, is one of the model farms •of the township, being well improved and pre- senting every appearance of a home of an in- telligent and progressive American agricultur- ist of the most enterprising class. Mr. Hay- nam has not been sparing of his means in im- proving and making attractive his place, as its present aspect testifies. His wife proved in ■every sense of the word ? fitting partner, sliar- ing his trials, helping him to face and overcome them, rejoicing in his success until, in the sun- shine of a happy home, they enjoyed the tran- quil peace and content which resulted from diificulties conquered and obstacles removed. After a happy wedded life of twenty-one years, Mrs. Haynam, in 1894, gently passed into tlie great beyond, leaving two children, namely: Vernum and Zetta, a third having died some time previous to the mother's departure. Sub- sequently, April 18, 1896, Mr. Haynam was united in marriage with Mrs. Mary Heastland, widow of the late Levi Heastland, of Paris township, and daughter of Jacob Wolfe, the union being without issue. By her previous marriage Mrs. Haynam had one child, Roy Heastland. The subject's political views are in harmony with the Republican party, of which he has been a firm adherent ever since old enough to exercise the rights of citizenship. Like his father and brothers, he was reared ac- cording to the teachings of the Disciples and for a number of years has been an earnest and devout member of the church. DANIEL H. HAYNAM is a son of George and Elizabeth Haynam and a younger brother of Thomas C. and Henry Haynam, of Paris township, and was born in Stark county, Ohio, May 10, 1867, having first seen the light of day on the home farm where his father spent the greater part of a long and useful life. Young Daniel was reared in Paris township and as a farmer's boy early laid broad and deep a solid foundation upon which in subsequent years the superstructure of a well rounded character was gradually builded. 'When old enough to work he was assigned his proper place in the fields and he there learned that de- votion to duty and steadfastness of purpose which in after years made so much for his suc- cess in material things and earned him enviable repute in the domain of citizenship. The edu- cational experience of young Haynam em- braced about the usual attendance at the public schools, which was afterwards supplemented by considerable reading. When a mere lad, Mr. Haynam manifested extraordinary me- chanical ingenuity and nothing pleased him as much as to display his skill in making various kinds of contrivances. He handled all kinds of tools with the ease of'an adept, and when older turned this abiiitv to good account bv 1382 OLD LANDMARKS taking up the carpenter's trade, at which he soon became a very efficient workman. At the age of twenty he rented a part of the home farm and four years later entered the marriage relation with Miss JVIanuela Baughman, of Paris township, the ceremony being solemnized on the 14th day of July, 1894. Mrs. Haynam is a native of Stark county, and the daughter of Isaac and Mary J. Baughman, the father for many years a leading farmer and prominent citizen of Paris. Shortly after taking to himself a wife and helpmeet Mr. Haynam moved to his present place in Paris township and cultivated the same as a renter for a period of five years, purchas- ing the land from his father at the expiration of that time. He has brought his place to a high state of tillage, besides adding many sub- stantial improvements such as the majority of farms do not contain. Mr. Haynam is not only a man of energy, but also possesses business ability of a high order, as witness the liberal financial returns with which his labors have been rewarded. Wlien not otherwise engaged he adds very materially to his income by work- ing at carpentry, his efficiency in this direction causing his services to be in great demand, not only in his own neighborhood but throughout the county generally, his repatation as a builder being much more than local. Mr. Flaynam is a fine example of the loyal public spirited citizen. He has always been deeply interested in political cpiestions and since his twenty-first year has supported the Repub- lican party. Recently he was nominated for the office of trustee, but owing to the over- whelming strength of the opposition he failed of election, but only by the narrow margin of thirteen votes in a township whose normal Democratic majority is many times that num- ber. Mr. Haynam is popular with the people of Paris, irrespective of party, many of his warmest friends holding views directly opposite to those he entertains. He has decided views on the leading questions of the day, keep:; well informed relative to the great issues before the American people and his ideas and opinions have nc little influence upon those with whom he associates. His religious views coincide with the plain simple teachings of the Disciple or Christian church, of \\hicli body he has for some years been a faithful and constant mem- ber, at the present time holding the office of trustee in the congregation to which he and his wife belong. To Mr. and Mrs. Haynam has been borne two bright children, both daughters, namely: Lila L. arid Aline M. Then- home life is happy and in the best social circles' of Paris townsiiip no family is better known or more highly re- spected. LEVI HAYNAM. — As stated elsewhere in the sketch of Henry W. Haynam, a brother of the subject, the ancestors of the Haynam family were among th.e early pioneers of Stark county and the name is inseparably connected with the origin and gradual development of civilization in the section of country included within the present boundaries of Paris town- ship. For a brief notice of William Haynam, the subject's father, the reader is respectfully referred to the biography of his son. Plenry W. Levi Haynam, the second son of William and Louisa Hayman, was born on the family home- stead in Paris township, July 2,- 1849. T" ^'''^ usual manner of farm lads he spent the days of his boyhood and youth, and when old enough became a pupil of the public schools, which he attended of winter seasons until a young man in his teens, making the most of such opportun- ities for intellectual impiovement as came liis way. As his father's assistant, he nobly ac- cepted his share of the burdens and re- si)onsibilities of the farm, and in this way- labored diligently until his twenty-first year, when it became necessiiry to plan for his- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1383 own future as an independent, self-support- ing factor in society. He chose agricul- ture and on attaining his majority he was given a part of the homestead, on which he began his life work. Four years later he took to himself a wife and helpmeet in tiie person of Miss Annie C. Miller, ot Columbiana coun- ty, Ohio, daughter of John Miller, a well- known citizen of that part of the state, and as soon as practicable thereafter located on the beautiful little farm of forty acres where he has since lived, coming into possession of the same by an exchanging of properties with his brother Amos. As an agriculturist Mr. Haynam has always taken high rank ; although his- farm is not as large as those of some of his neighbors, the deficiency in area is more than compensated for in successful tillage as he realizes a much greater income from his few acres than do the majority of men from vastly more extensive estates. That he has succeeded in life is abun- dantly attested by the beautiful and commodious home in his possession and the ample share of material wealth at his command, having now a sufficient competence to answer all his purposes for the remainder of his days. In politics Mr. Haynam is a stalwart Re- publican and for a number of years past has been one of the leading members of his party in the township of his residence. He has been a worker rather than an aspirant for public honors, his ambition never having led him to desire official position of any kind. He is not only a believer in the religion of the Bible but for years has been an humble and devout dis- ciple of the Nazarene, belonging, with his wife, to the Disciple church. Mr. Haynam is the father of two children, one, Harry E., living- with his parents. Of the home life of the subject much inight be said, as he finds his greatest pleasure with his family. His dwelling is a substantial structure, tastefully furnished and well supplied with all the comforts and manv of ihe luxuries of life, and the spirit of hospitality which abounds within its walls bears evidence of the kind hearts and open hands of the inmates. TOBIAS M. HAYNAM, son of William and Louisa (Slack) Haynam, was born in Paris township, Stark county, Ohio; on the 17th day of January, 1862. His early life on the farm was characterized by the experience common to country boys and he grew to the full stature of manhood with a proper concep- tion of life and its responsibilities, assisting his father in the summer time and during the winter seasons pursuing his studies in the com- mon schools. On attaining his majority Mr. Haynam engaged in agriculture for himself and from that time until his marriage culti- vated a part of the home farm for a share of the proceeds, his efforts being crowned Avith encouraging success. In 1885 was solemnized his union with Miss Lettice Crowl, daughter of Hubbard Crowl, of Paris township and im- mediately thereafter he moved to his present home, a beautiful place of seventy-eight acres which originally formed a part of his father's estate. Mr. Haynam cultivated this farm as a renter until the father's death, after which, in 1897, iie purchased the place and has since made it one of the finest and most desirable rural homes in the township, his improvements as well as the fine condition of the land bespeak- ing the presence of a man of advanced and progressive ideas in all matters relating to modern agricultural science. Subsequently, 190T, Mr. Haynam increased his original hiOld- ing by an addition of twenty acres, thus making a farm of ninety-eight acres, which for pro- ductiveness and general agricultural purposes is not excelled by any like area within, the limits of Stark county. A man so actively identified with the growth and upbuilding of the community as Mr. Hay- nam would hardly be indifferent to or sepa- 1384 OLD LANDMARKS rated entirely from political life. While he has read much and is well informed on state and national issues, he is not a politician in the modern sense of the term, although an earnest and pronounced supporter of the Re- publican party. He has decided views as to revealed religion, and by much reading and timprejudiced observation has learned to look upon man-made creeds and formulated state- rnents of doctrine as inimical to God's word and subversive of the plain teachings of the Savior who prayed that his disciples might be one even as He and the Father were one. Ac- cepting the Bible alone as an all-sufficient rule of faith and practice, he united some years ago with a church founded on this statement, in the Disciple church, of which he and his wife are earnest and consistent members. Mr. and Mrs. Haynam have one daughter, Hazel, born May 29, 1 89 1. HENRY W. HAYNAM.— The family of which the subject of tiiis review is a representa- tive has been prominent in the affairs of Paris township e\er since the pioneer period. Just when the subject's grandfather, Thomas Hay- nam, came to this country is not known, but it must have been at a very remote date, as he is remembered as one of the early pioneers of what is now the township of Paris. He pur- chased land, developed a farm, took an active part in the stirring times in which he lived and, dying- many years ago, left to his descendants the heritage of a good name which they prize among their most cherished possessions. Among the cb.ildren of Thomas Haynam was a son by the name of William, whose birth oc- curred in Paris townshi]), February 17, 1S20. He grew up familiar with the rugged duties of the pioneer period, received a limited knowl- edge of books in the old log school house com- mon to this part of the Buckeye state three- quarters of a century ago and assisted his father in clearing die farm and supporting the family. After his marriage he purchased eighty acres of woodland in Paris township and at once ad- dressed hunself to the formidable work of re- moving the timber and reducing the soil to a state of tillage. This in due time was success- fully accomplished and in the course of a few years he became not only one of the energetic and progressive farmers of his neighborhood, but also an active participant in all enterprises tending to the general improvement of the community along material, social and moral lines. He was a fine business man and from a small place of eighty acres increased his hold- ings until he became the owner of four hun- dred and fifty-six acres of land. In politics he was a staunch Republican and in religion a consistent member of the Disciple church. He died on the 5th of February, 1897, in his seventy-seventh year, honored and revered by his immediate family and esteemed by all who knew him. The maiden name of Mrs. William Haynam was Louisa Slack, and she was born in Stark county in 1826, the daughter of Henry Slack, one of the pioneer settlers of Paris township. She died in 187 1, having borne her husband ten children, of whom the following survive: Amos; Levi; Sarah, wife of Jacob Myers; Samantha, wife of Ed. Zininger; Tobias; E ; Cora, who married Benjamin Smook, and Henry W., all residing in the county of Stark. Some time after the death of the mother of these children, Mr. Hay- nam entered tlie marriage relation with Miss Eliza Ross, who is still living, the union being without issue. Henrv W. Haynam was born in Stnrk county. Ohio, and grew to mature years on the home farm in Paris township, the meanwhile acquiring a fair education in the public schools. He was reared a tiller of the soil and has al- ways followed that humble vocation, beginning for himself in 18S2, when he was united in marriage with Miss Qiarlotte Heim, of Paris CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1385 township, daughter of Isaiah Heim, a carpenter and prominent farmer and a member of one of the county's old famihos. Immediately after his marriage Mr. Haynam moved to the place where he now lives and cultivated the same on the shares until his father's death, when he purchased the farm, buying the interests of the other heirs to the estate. Since then he has brought the farm to a very high state of culti- vation, making numerous substantial improve- ments in the way of buildings, etc., and earning well merited repute not only as a progressive agriculturist but as a public spirited and far- seeing man of affairs. In his political ad- herency Mr. Haynam is one of the leading Re- publicans of Paris tov.'nship and occupies no small place in the councils of his party jn coun- ty and district affairs. Religiously he adheres to the plain, simple teachings of the Christian church, of which for some years he has been an humble and devout commun.icant. Of the six children born to Mr. and Mrs. Haynam four are living, namely : Arthur, in the employ of the Lake Erie & Western Railroad : Elsie, Pearl and Dwight, who are still members of the home circle. CURTIS L. HAYNAM.— Not the least -prominent of the Haynam brothers mentioned in these pages is Curtis L., of Paris township, to a brief review of whose life and achieve- ments the reader's attention is here respectfully invited. A native of Stark cotmty, he was born on the 28th of May, 1872, in Paris township and here spent his childhood and youth, grow- ing to maturity amid the quiet scenes and wholesome influences of farm life. He enjoyed the advantages of a public school education and at the early age of eighteen began life for himself as a tiller of the soil, renting a por- tion of the home farm which he continued to cultivate for a share of the proceeds until reach- jne his twentv-fourth year. At that time he assumed sole management of the entire place and subsequently, 1896, contracted for the farm, agreeing to devote a specific amount to the support of his parents during their life- time and otlierwise provide for their comfort and look after their interests. It is needless in this connection to state that the mutual agreement was most faithfully and religiously observed by all concerned and to the credit of the subject be it said that he never wavered in carrying out his part of the contract. He was untiring in his efforts in his father's behalf, spared no pains in ministering to his comfort and alleviating his suffering in his last illness and since the latter's death, which occurred February 24, 1901, he has manifested the same tender, filial regard in relation to his mother, who is still living and an honored inmate of his household. Since taking possession of the homestead Mr. Haynam has come rapidly to the front as an enterprising agriculturist and stock raiser, in both of which respects he is easily the peer of any of his contemporaries in the township of his residence. On the loth of September, 1896, was sol- emnized the ceremony which united Mr. Hay- nam and Miss Emma Baughman, daughter of Willard Baughman, of Paris township, in the holy bonds of matrimony, the union being lilessed with one child by the name of Royal J. The domestic life of Mr. Haynam is a happy one and his pleasant home is the center of a genial hospitality which he and his good wife freely dispense to all who may choose to claim it. Since his twenty-first year, he has been an uncompromising supporter of the Re- publican party and at the present time is one of the leading local politicians of his township. He has also achieved considerable repute as a raiser of fine short-horn cattle, in which branch of farming he is destined ere long to take marked precedence, as he is now stocking his place with the most valuable animals to be ob- 1386 OLD LANDMARKS tained in this part of the state. Like his father, mother and older brothers, Mr. Haynam is a man of profound rehgious convictions, and since young manhood he has been a sincere and de- voted communicant of the Disciple church. He is active in all lines of religious work, as is also his wife, and his influence in the com- munity has always been on the side of right. ELMER E. HAYNAM, the fifth son of William, and Louisa (Slack) Haynam, was born April lo, 1868, in Paris township and spent his early life on the paternal homestead, where he acquired those exact and commenda- ble habits whicii have characterized his career to the present time. In the public schools, which he attended during his minority, he re- ceived a fair intellectual training, but in the stern school of experience was acquired the sturdy, practical knowledge which formed the princi- pal groundwork of his subsequent career. Mr. Haynam remained with his parents until at- tending his majority and then engaged in ag- ricultural pursuits for himself, beginning his life work as a renter on a part of the home farm. In the year i8go he was united in mar- riage widi Miss Emma Lentz, daughter of John Lentz, one of Paris township's prominent ngriculturists, and from that time until his father's death continued to cultivate the soil as above stated, meeting with satisfactory suc- cess in his undertakings. His father dying in Febriiary, 1897, Mr. Haynam, some time the following month, purchased eighty acres of the Jacob Newcomer estate and has since lived on the same, meantime by a system of well conducted improvements converting his place into one of the finest and most desirable as well as one of the most valuable country homes in the county of Stark. Tine dwelling, thoroughly remodelled, is both commodious and sightly, ;t fine specimen of modern architecture and sup- plied with all the comforts and conveniences which money can procure. That Mr. Haynam is a model farmer will not be questioned by any one at all acquainted with the methodical and systematic manner with which he prose- cutes his labois and conducts his business af- fairs. In connection with agriculture he de- votes considerable attention to the raising and selling of fine live stock, his success in this respect being equally as great as that which has crowned his efforts as a tiller of the soil. Politically Mr. Haynam is a Republican of the most orthodox type and as such takes a very active interest in party questions and issues. He has never sought official preferment and aside from serving for a number of years as president of the school board, has neither held nor desired public position. Although plain and undemonstrative in manner he is enterpris- ing and progressive in his ideas, strong and faithful in his friendships and pre-eminently kind hearted and charitable. The home of Mr. and Mrs. Haynam has been brightened by the advent of four children, namely: Grace, Car- rie, Lov and Svlvia. FRANK L. HAYNAM is a native of Stark county, born August 15, T869, on the old Haynam farmstead in Paris township, being the twelfth in a family of thirteen chil- flren whose parents w-ere George and Elizal^eth (Growl) Haynam. Raised in the country and early inured to manual labor, his youthful ex- periences were about the same as those of the majority of lads reared in close touch with nature on the farm. In common schools he obtained a fair educational training and as soon as old enough took his place in the fields Avhere he bore his full share of the work re- quired to keep them in cultivation. Young Haynam remained at home, assisting his father, until twenty-one years of age, at which time ■ he engaged in agricultural pursuits for himself, renting a portion of the homestead for the pur- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. i3«7 pose. He continued as a renter until 1896, when he bought of his father one hundred and sixty-two and a half acres of fine land in Paris township, while his holdings at this time con- sist of one hundred and forty-two and a half acres, he having sold twenty acres. In addi- tion to general farming Mr. Haynam devotes considerable attention to live stock, especially to fine hogs of the Poland China breed, in the raising of which his success has been most en- couraging. Familiar with every detail of modern agriculture and a systematic worker and superior manager, he runs his farm well and never fails to realize abundant returns from the land in cultivation. The married life of Mr. Haynam began in 1896, on March 28th of which year IMiss Lu- cinda Snyder, of Osnaburg township, daughter of Jacob Snyder, became his wife. The father of Mrs. Haynam has long been one of the suc- cessful and wealthy farmers of Osnaburg and as a citizen ranks with the prominent men of his part of the county. It was shortly after his marriage that the subject moved to his present place of residence in Paris township and he is now inimbered with the enterprising and progressive citizens of his community, being alive to everything calculated to advance its material prosperity and deeply interested in the moral and intellectual improvement of the neighborhood. In politics he is a pronounced Republican and an earnest worker for his party; in religion his views are in harmony with the teachings of the Disciple church, having been reared imder its influence, as were also his parents and several of his brothers, the latter, at the present time, being leading members of the congregation worshiping in Minerya. Mrs. Haynam is a lady of sterling worth and has proved an admirable companion to her husband, promoting peace and harmony in the domestic circle and making liome the dearest and hap- piest spot on earth to its inmates. She has borne her husband four children, three daugh- ters and one son, namely: Mable E., Flossie F., Earl E. and Lela L., all living. JACOB BURGER was born on the 23d of November, 1850, being a son of Jacob and Anna (Morrow) Burger, to whom were born six children, all of whom are living at the pres- ent time, namely : Rachel, who is the wife of William Hayman, and resides in the state of Oregon ; Hannah, who is the wife of Henry Crowl, of Columbiana county, Ohio; Daniel M., who is likewise a resident of that county: Jacob, Jr., the immediate subject of this sketch ; and Harriet and Hiram, who are twins, the former being the wife of William Holmes, of the state of Oregon, while the lat- ter is a farmer of Columbiana county, this state. The father of the subject was bom in the year 1807, in the state of New York, being a son of Daniel Burger, who came with his fam- ily to Stark county in the year 18 19. For a number of years after his arrival in the county he leased land, having cleared and improved the farm upon which David Chaddock now re- sides, near the village of Minerva. The father of the subject was reared to manhood on this homestead, and lent his due quota of aid in re- claiming the same from the forest, the tract having been heavily timbered, while eventually he came into possession of the farm, which he purchased of his father. Here he continued to devote his attention to farming up to the time of his death, which occurred in the year 1885, at which time he had attained nearly the age of four score years. He was an adept in the use of the ax and was a man of much physical strength in his day. For many years he did much chopping and also hewed manj^ of the timbers used in the erection of buildings in the early days. In politics he was a stanch ad- t383 OLD LANDMARKS herent of the Democratic party, and he was a ■man of much pubHc spirit and progressive ideas. His wife was born in Stark county, Ohio, and her death occurred in 1873, both having held membership in the Disciple church at Minerva. Jacob Burger was reared to the sturdy and invigorating life of the farm and his education- al advantages were such as were afforded in the public schools of this section nearly a half century ago. At the age of eighteen years he entered upon an apprenticeship at the trade of carpenter, in which he became a skilled work- • man, and he followed this as a vocation for a number of years, while for nearly a quarter of a century he devoted his attention to the mov- ing of buildings, having an excellent equipment for the purpose and finding his services in req- uisition throughout a wide radius of country. He abandoned this branch of his enterprise in 1900, since which time he has given his un- divided attention to his farming interests. In 1884 he effected the purchase of the old home- stead from his father, and somewhat later he purchased a tract of ninety-three acres in Co- himbiana county, where he now lives, and he has since continued to give his active super- vision to the operation of both farms, which are separated by a distance of about two miles. Mr. Burger clings to the political faith in which he was reared and is known as a stalwart ad- vocate of the principles and policies of the Democratic party, in whose cause he has taken a zealous interest. He served for two terms as trustee of Paris township, and for several was a member of the board of education of his dis- trict. He and his wife are both consistent and valued members of the Methodist Episcopal church, while fraternally he is identified with the Senior Order of United American Me- chanics, affiliating with Minerva Lodge No. 21. On the 25th of December, 1877, Mr. Bur- ger was united in marriage to Miss Liddie M. Kurtz, who was born in Columbiana county. Ohio, teing a daughter of Charles Kurtz, who was one of the honored pioneers of Columbiana county. Mr. and Mrs. Burger have three chil- dren, namely: Clay O., who is station agent for the Cleveland & Pittsburg Railroad at Martin's Ferry, Ohio; and Mary A. and Car- rie B., who remain at the parental home. MICHAEL WERLE was born in the province of Baden, Germany, on the i6th of Augiist, 1844, being a son of Michael and Ma- thilda (W'eishar) Werle, who became the par- ents of ten children, nine of whom are living at the present time, namely: Catherine, who is the wife of Chris Kepinger, of Bushnell, Illi- nois ; Barbara, who is a maiden lady and who resides in the village of Osnaburg, this county; Michael, who is the subject of this sketch; Amelia, who is the wife of Thomas C. Hay- nam, of Paris township; Mathilda, who is the wife of John Starkey, of Minerva, this county; Lena, who also resides in that village; Eugene and Harmon, both of whom are residents of Osnaburg township ; and Cora, who is the wife of Henry Foltz, of Minerva. In the year 1852 Michael Werle, Sr., ac- companied by his wife and the children who were born to them in the fatherland, emi- grated to the United States, landing in New York city, where they remained for a short in- terval and thence came directly to Stark coun- ty, Ohio, where he purchased a farm of sixty- six acres, near the southwestern corner of Paris township, later purchasing an adjoining tract of forty acres and eventually becoming one of the successful and independent farmers of the county, having personally reclaimed a considerable portion of his farm, as much of the native timber was still standing on the place when it came into his possession. Here he lived and labored to goodly ends until he passed to his final reward in the fullness of years and se- cured in the esteem of all \\ho knew him. hav- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1389" ing been eighty-two years of age at the time of his death. His loved and devoted wife sur- vived him about three years, passing away at the age of seventy-two years. In pohtics he was a stanch Democrat and both he and his wife were consistent and vahied members of the Reformed church. Michael Werle, Jr., was about eight years of age at the time when the family bade adieu to the fatherland and came to America to estab- lish a new home, and he was reared to maturity on the homestead farm in this county, having such educational advantages as were afforded by a somewhat irregular attendance in the dis- trict Schools of a half century ago. He con- tinued to assist in the work of the home place until his marriage, in 1870, when he rented the farm of which he is now the owTier, in section 23, Paris township, and for the ensuing decade he continued to here follow farming as a renter. In 1880 he purchased the farm now owned by Jerry Haynam, in section 23, this township, where he remained four years, at the expiration of which he returned to his pres- ent farm, to whose improvement and cultiva- tion he has since devoted his attention, while it may consistently be said that he has one of the most valuable farms in this section, so far as comparison may be made according to rel- ative areas. On the 17th of March, 1870, Mr. Werle was united in marriage to Miss Louisa Hein, of Osnaburg township, she having been the daughter of Powell Hein, who was a native of Germany, whence he came to Stark county sev- eral years prior to the arrival of the Werle family and here passed the remainder of his life, being one of the honored pioneer farmers of the township mentioned. Mrs. Werle was summoned into eternal rest in 1886, and of her five children four yet survive, namely : Amelia, who is the wife of William Myers, of Paris township; Elizabeth, who is the wife of Grant Ford, of this township; and Matilda and Cora, who remain at the paternal home. In 1888, Mr. Werle married his present wife, whose maiden name was Wilhelmina Miller, and who was born in Osnaburg township, being a daughter of Jacob Miller, an influential pioneer farmer of this county, whither he emigrated from Germany and where he resided until the time of his death. The farni now owned by the subject was a portion of the Miller estate and after his second marriage he purchased the in- terests of the other heirs aside from his wife,, and now has a finely improved farm of one hundred and eighteen acres. No children have been born of the second marriage. In his political proclivities Mr. Werle exercises his franchise in support of the Democratic party so far as national issues are involved, but in local affairs he is not dominated by strenuous partisanship, giving his support to such men and measures as meet the approval of his judg- ment. He and his wife are honored members of the Reformed church and take an active in- terest in its work. JOHN CARSON, who was in his eighty- fourth year at the time of his death, was a na- tive of the fair Emerald Isle, having been born in county Tyrone, Ireland, on the 15th of July, 1 8 19, and being a son of Samuel and Mary (Aiken) Carson, both of whom were likewise born in Ireland, of the stanch old stock, and of their eleven children only three are now living, namely: Rebecca, who is the widow of John McTntyre and resides in Hebron, Indiana;- James, who is a resident of Carroll county, this state; and Isabelle J., who is the widow of William Beaty, and resides in Waynesburg, Stark county. The youngest of these children is seventy-seven years of age. The father of the subject was born in county Tyrone, on the estate of the Marquis of Abercorn, the year of his nativity having been 1788 while he was a son of John Carson, who also was born on the I3S.O OLD LANDMARKS same estate, where he passed his entire Hfe. The subject well remembered as a boy he saw Lord Russell and the Marquis of Abercorn, with their retinues of servants, when they were on a visit to their estates. In 1834 the father of the subject emigrated with his wife and ten children to the United States, landing in the city of Philadelphia and thence coming westward to Ohio, stopping in Carroll county, where he joined his maternal aunt, who was residing in Rose township. There he rented a farm, on which he remained about two and one-half years, after which he removed to Brown township, that county, where he purchased a farm of eighty acres, to which he subsequently added a contiguous tract of forty acres. The subject of this sketch and his brother James, upon attaining matur- ity, purchased an adjoining tract of eighty acres, and there they continued to be actively engaged in the improving and cultivating of the farms until 1856, when father and sons all disposed of their holdings there and came to Paris township, Stark county, and here effected the purchase of the Daniel Shively farm of two hundred and thirty-two acres, lying two and one-half miles south of the village of Paris. In 1 859 the honored father was summoned into eternal rest, and two years later the farm was sold and the subject received his due portion of the proceeds. He thereupon purchased one hundred and fifty-seven and one-half acres of his present farm, which was badly run down at the time, being thus so depreciated in value that he secured it for a reasonable price. Soon afterward he made a trip to Pennsylvania, where he purchased one hundred and fifty head of thoroughbred Delaine-Merino sheep, with which he stocked his farm, and within a few years following the price of wool rose to one dollar per pound, and through this circum- stance Mr. Carson realised profits far beyond his most sanguinary expectations, and was thus enabled to carry vigorously forward the im- proving and reinvigorating of his farm, whose fertility had become impaired through neglect on the part of the previous owners. He began to erect new buildings and continued to make improvements in this line, as his available re- sources justified, until the place became recog- nized as one of the most attractive and well equipped farms in the township. All the build- ings at present in evidence on the place have been erected by him and give evidence of his discrimination and energy during the past years. He devoted the farm to general agri- culture but continued to devote special atten- tion to the raising of high-grade sheep and did much to improve the type and breed in this section of the state, being an excellent judge of values and understanding the best methods to be utilized in the carrying forward of this de- partment of his farming enterprise. Though he was an octogenarian, this by no means im- plies that he was withdrawn from active duty, for he maintained an active supervision of his farm and his years rested so lightly upon him that in appearance he belied his age to a not- able decree. The home farm comprises one hundred and eiglity-five and one-half acres, and is a model of thrift and attractiveness, while Mr. Carson was known as one of the rep- resentative and influential citizens of the town- ship, where his friends were in number as his acquaintances. Mr. Carson was a Democrat in his political views, but was broad-minded and independent, and where no issue of national import was in- volved exercised his franchise in support of the men whom he considered best qualified for office, having at various times gone into the campaign and pressed the claims of Republican candidates when he believed the candidates of his own party were not fit for the respective oftices. He served his township for the long period of twenty years as trustee and was ten- dered the office of county commissioner, but refused to become a candidate, while such was CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1391 the regnrd and confidence in which he has ever been held in the community that his nomination to any local office would have proved equiv- alent to an election had he consented to accept nomination. Pie was a veritable pillar and patriarch in the Presbyterian church, in which he served as elder for fourteen years, while for several years he was a member of the session of the church. On the 27th of April, 1853, Mr. Carson was united in marriage to Miss Mary A. Bell, who was born in Washington county, Pennsyl- vania, and her death occurred on the 7th of May, 1S87, no children having been born of the union. On the 2d of October, 1889, Mr. Carson wedded Mrs. Celestia (Kurts) Lang, the widow of Rev. Williami Lang, and a daughter of the late Daniel Kurts, who was a wealthy and influential farmer of Columbiana county, this state. Mr. and Mrs. Carson had two children, Mary J. and John S., both of whom remain at the parental home, as do also Mrs. Carson's two children by her first mar- riage, namely : Catherine, the wife of Charles Bates, who has charge of the homestead farm ; and Harvey, who also assists in its work. Mr. Carson died March 19, 1903. DAVID WEIAIER was born on a farm in Brown township, Carroll county, Ohio, on the 23d of January, 1848; being a son of David an_d Catherine ( Hepler) Weimer, of whose twelve children the following eight are still living: Jacob, who is a resident of Kosciusko county, Lrdiana ; Martin, who resides in the village of Minerva, Stark county, Ohio; Susan, who is the wife of Eli Dumbleton, of that village; David, Jr., who is the subject of this sketch; Samuel, who makes his home in Minerva; Reuben, who is a successful farmer of Paris township ; Frank, who resides in Car- roll county, and Catherine, who is the wife of Peter Schorey, of Sandy tow nship. The father of these children was born in Somerset county, Pennsylvania, about the year 1810, being a son of Jacob Weimer, who was of staunch German lineage and a member of a family early established in the Keystone state. About the year 181 8 Jacob Weimer came with his family to Ohio and took up his residence on a tract of heavily timbered land in Brown town- ship, where he purchased seventy-seven acres, about the only improvement that had been made on the place being in the erection of a small log house, in which the family took up their abode. -Here the grandfather of the sub- ject, with the able assistance of his sturdy sons, reclaimed the farm and placed the same under effective cultivation, while substantial improve- ments of a permanent order were made as rapidly as opportunity permitted. He had been well-to-do in Pennsylvania, but lost heavily through ■ over-confidence in his supposed friends, for whom he went security and who took advantage of him. He was thus led to seek a new home in Ohio, in the hope of re- cuperating his resources. He passed the re- mainder of his life on the homestead farm in Carroll county, and was called to his reward when well advanced in years. The father of the subject was reared to maturity on this pioneer farm and as a boy began to contribute, according to the measure of his strength, to the work of reclaiming the same and carry- ing forward its cultivation. After his mar- riage he continued to operate the home farm for his father during a number of years, and finally purchased the place from his father and sisters and continued to make it his home dur- ing the remainder of his life. He identified himself with the Republican party at the time of its organization and though a stalwart ad- vocate of its principles was never an aspirant for offxe. He was a worthy and consistent member of the Lutheran church, as was also his devoted wife, who passed away in 1897 at the age of seventy-nine years. 1392 OLD LANDMARKS Da\-id Weimer was reared to maturity on this ancestral homestead, and is indebted to the pubhc schools of the locality for the early educational advantages which fell to his por- tion. At the age of eighteen years he prac- tically initiated his independent career, secur- ing employment at farm work, while for a short time he also devoted his attention to work as an apprentice carpenter. On the 28th of October, 1874, Mr. Weimer was united in marriage to Miss Charity Combs, who was born on the farm where she and her husband now reside, in Paris township, being a daugh- ter of James Combs, who came with his par- ents to Ohio from New Jersey, which latter was his native state, and he became one of the honored and influential fanners of Stark county, where he passed the remainder of his life. After liis marriage Mr. Weimer rented a farm in Carroll county and continued in charge of the same for two years, at the ex- piration of which he bought a small farm in Washington township. Stark county, the same comprising thirty-two acres. From this place he was able to secure better returns than would many a farmer from a place of twice the area, and there he remained for a period of six and one-half years, at the expiration of which he disposed of the property and purchased his present homestead of eighty-five acres, the same having been a portion of the estate of his father-in-law, and it is one of the fine farms of the township. Mr. Weimer accords an unqualified alle- giance to the Republican party, and is ever able to show a reason for the faith that is in him, keeping in touch with the questions and events of the day and having his convictions well fortified. In 1899 he was elected to the o.'Bce of trustee of Paris township, and in 1902 he was chosen as his own successor in this office, by the flattering majority of two hun- dred and eighteen votes, the compliment being the more pronounced froin thfe fact that the normal political complexion of the township is strongly Democratic. He and his wife are both consistent and valued members of the Lutheran church, in whose work he has taken a zealous interest, as has he also in the cause of education, having served for a number of years as a member of the school board. Mr. and Mrs. \\'eimer have three interesting daughters, Zoa, who remains at the parental home, as do also Edith and Eva, who are twins. J. WALTER McCLYMONDS is an ex- soldier of the Civil war, one of the representa- tive business men of the state, president of the Russell & Company and the Russell Engine Company, two of the most extensive and im- portant industrial concerns in their line in the country, and president of the Merchants' Na- tional Bank of Massillon. which he organized and established in the year 1890. Mr. Mc- Clymonds was born in New Lisbon, Ohio, Sep- tember 18, 1842, and is of Scotch-Irish extrac- tion. His grandfather, John McCIymonds. a resident of Pennsylvania, was a soldier in the war of 1812, with the rank of captain, and was also for many years postmaster at Darlington, in that state. The father of the subject, John McCIy- monds, came from Pennsylvania to Ohio, and settled in New Lisbon, where for many years he conducted a mercantile and banking busi- ness. He was married to Elizabeth Kincaid, at Mt. Vernon, Ohio, whose father, Thomas Kincaid, came from Hagerstown, Maryland, where she was bom and raised. In i860 John AlcClymonds removed to Massillon, where for nine years he was engaged in banking. In 1869 he removed to Cleveland and became one of the organizers of the Ohio National Bank of that city, of which he was president until he retired, a few years before his death, which oc- curred in 1894, in the eighty-sixth year of his age. He was also active in organizing and es- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1393 tablishing the Cleveland Rubber Company, of Cleveland, Ohio, and the Chicago Rubber Works, of Chicago, Illinois, in both of which concerns he was a director. J. Walter McClymonds graduated from the New Lisbon high school at the age of eighteen, and in April, 1861, entered the service of the government by enlisting as a private in Com- pany E, Nineteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, for three months, his regimeht being assigned to the Army of West Virginia under McClel- lan and Rosecrans, and the subject was compli- mented by General McClellan for his gallantry in the battle of Rich Mountain. At the ex- piration of his term he re-enlisted, becoming a member of Company A of the same regiment. A short time afterwards he was promoted to the office of sergeant major, in which capacity he was in active service with his regiment until the summer of 1862. His regiment was at- tached to the Eleventh Brigade, Second Di- vision, Army of Ohio, under General Carlos Buell in his campaign in Kentucky and Ten- nessee, during the fall and winter of '61 and the spring of '62, which terminated in the bat- tles of Shiloh and Pittsburg Landing, April 6th and 7th, and in the advance upon and siege of Corinth and campaign below luka, in Mis- sissippi. Sergeant Major McClymonds was honorably discharged in July, 1862, to accept promotion, and was commissioned adjutant of the One Hundred and Fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was active in organizing that regiment at Camp Massillon, Ohio. During his connection with the One Hundred and Fourth he saw service in the defense of Cin- cinnati against Kirby Smith's attack, the en- gagement at Fort Mitchell in September, 1862, and in the pursuit of Morgan in Kentucky, dur- ing the winter of 1862. In the spring of 1863 his regiment and brigade were with Burnside in the East Tennessee campaign, and in the operations about Cumberland Gap; in the Knoxville campaign and siege of Kno.Kville, which terminated in the spring of 1864. His regiment was then assigned to General Cox's division of the Twenty-third Corps of Sher- man's army, where it began its campaign to- wards Atlanta, at Dalton, in May, 1864. His- service covered all of the marches, skirmishes and battles in which his brigade and corps par- ticipated during this campaign — at Resaca, Cartersville, Dallas, Kenesaw Mountain, Lost Mountain, battle of Peachtree Creek, battle of Atlanta, siege of Atlanta, Utoy Creek, Battle of Jonesboro and Lovejoy Station and in pur- suit of General Hood into Alabama, which ter- minated in October, 1864. His regiment,, forming part of the First Brigade, Third Di- vision, Twenty-third Army Corps, Army of Ohio, under General Schofield, participated in the Nashville campaign of November and De- cember, 1864. which included the battles around Pulaski, Columbia and Columbia Ford, Ten- nessee, Spring Hill and battles of Franklin, November 30th, and Nashville, December 15th and 1 6th. At the close of this campaign the regiment was transferred to North Carolina and participated in the operations against the forces of General Hoke about Fort Fisher and' Fort Anderson, and in the battles of Town Creek, Wilmington and Golsboro, where they were mustered out, after the surrender of John- son's army, April 5, 1865, and where Mr. Mc- Clymonds was honorably discharged from the service. He was commissioned captain on June 27, 1864, and served as assitant adjutant general of brigade, on the staff of General Reilly, from August, 1863, to April, 1865. At the close of the war he received a commission in the regular army, as first lieutenant Foui- teenth Regular Infantry, but after holding the commission for a few months returned it, pre- ferring a business to a military life. During the summer, fall and winter of 1865 Mr. McClymonds was employed as sec- 87 1394 OLD LANDMARKS retary in the office of General Poe, chief en- gineer on General Sherman's staff, in Wash- ington, D. C. In the spring of 1866 he located in Massillon and for some three years was en- gaged, first, as a clerk in the manufacturing establishment of Russell & Company, and sub- sequently as teller in the Union National Bank of that place. In the spring of 1869 he re- moved to Cleveland and for three years was employed as assistant cashier in the Ohio Na- tional Bank of that city, of which his father was president. In the spring of 1872 he re- turned to Massillon and held the position of bookkeeper for Paissell & Company. He be- came a partner in the concern in January, 1876, and was placed in charge oi the financial man- agement of the business. In January, 1878, the firm was incorporated as Russell & Com- pany, and Mr. McClymonds was made secre- tary and treasurer, which positions he held un- til 1 888, when he was made president of the company, and has retained this position until the present time. In 1900 he reorganized the firm of Russell & Company, separating the sta- tionary engine business, organizing a separate corporation under the title of the Russell En- gine Company and building a separate plant for the conduct of this branch of the business. The old firm of Russell & Company was re- incorjwrated under the title of the Russell & Company, and continues the manufacture of traction engines, threshing machines and saw- mills, Mr. McClymonds lieing at the head of both concerns as president. The firm of Rus- sell & Company was established in 1842, the horse power consisting of one blind horse and the investment being only fifteen hundred dol- lars. From this small beginning it has grown to large proportions. The two corporations, as now constituted, conduct business that runs into the millions annually. Their product is in demand in every state in the Union and large shipments are made annually abroad. Rus- sell & Company was one of the first agricul- tural machinery houses to commence the manu- facture of a successful grain thresher and sep- arator, and also among the first to embark in the manufacture of farm engines. Mr. McClymonds has always been an ar- dent Republican, having cast his first vote for Abraham Lincoln while in the army. He never sought political preferment, though he has been repeatedly tendered positions in his party. In 1884 he served as president of the Ohio commission at the New Orleans exposi- tion, having been appointed as a commissioner by Governor Hoadley. He was one of the presidential electors in 1888, wdien Benjamin Harrison was elected President of the United States. He was tendered the position of di- rector general of the board of Ohio commis- sioners to the world's fair at Chicago in 1894, by Governor McKinley, but declined the honor, owing to his extensive business engagements. As pertains to continuous service, he is one of the oldest members of the board of directors of the Cleveland, Lorain & Wheeling Railway Company. On November 9, 1870, Mr. McClymonds married Flora .\., daughter of Nahum S. Rus- sell, the head of the firm of Russell & Com- pan}-, who has borne him two children. His eldest daughter married Arvine Wales, treas- urer of the Russell Engine Company, his sec- ond daughter being Ruth E. Mr. McCly- monds, while a member of no church organiza- tion, is liberal in his contributions to all re- ligious and charitable objects, and interests himself in every enterprise that promises to benefit his community. A broad-minded and public-spirited citizen, he occupies a place of prominence in industrial and financial circles of the country, while his course has ever been such as to command for him the unequivocal confidence and regard of all who know him, or with whom he has business relations. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1395 THOMAS T. CROWL.— The Crowl family is of sterling German origin but has been established on American soil since the colonial epoch, the original representatives in* the new world having located in the statp of Maryland, with whose annals the name has been identi- fied for several generations. The subject of this review, who was one of the highly esteemed and prosperous farmers of Stark county, was a native of this county, having been born on the parental homestead, in Paris township, on the ist of November, 1833, be- ing a son of Daniel and Anna (Townsend) Crowl, of whose six children he was the eldest of the three surviving at the time of his death, which occurred May 17, 1903, the other three being Hubbard and David, who are prominent and honored farmers of Paris township, and Henry, who is engaged in agricultural pursuits in Columbiana county, this state. Daniel Crowl was born in the state of Maryland, in the year 1S08, being a son of Michael Crowl, who was likewise a native of that common- wealth. The father of the subject was reared on the home farm in Maryland, and shortly after his marriage he came with his bride to Stark county, Ohio', where they made their ad- vent in 1833. For the first two years after his arri\'al he was employed by Peter Conrad, and he then etifected the purchase of a tract of eighty acres of timbered land, in Paris town- ship, the same being now owned by his son Hulibanl. He gradually brought about the de- velopment of this farm, and in 185 1 he pur- chased seventy-one acres of the farm now owned by the subject. His first purchase was in the midst of the virgin forest, no improve- ments having been made on the place, and there he erected a log cabin of the primitive type common to the locality and period, later building another and more pretentious resi- dence, in harmony with the other improve- ments which he made on his farm, and here he continued to reside until 1857, when he pur- chased twenty acres of land in the village of Minerva, and in a comfortable residence there- on he passed the remainder of his signally honorable and useful life, passing to his eternal reward in 1882. He was a stanch advocate of the principles and policies of the Demo- cratic party, and though never an aspirant for public preferment, he was called upon to serve in various offices of local trust and responsi- bility and ever discharged the duties in\-olved with marked business acumen and distinctive fidelity. He was a devoted member of the Disciples church, in which he held various of- ficial positions for a long term of years. His first wife, the mother of the subject, was summoned into eternal rest in 1845, ^"d he later married Miss Matilda Unkefer, who bore him one child, Nora, who became the wife of Joseph Alexander, of Minerva, this county, , and who is now deceased, as is also her mother. Thomas T. Crowl was reared on the old homestead farm where he was born and re- ceived a common school education. Upon at- taining his legal majority he assumed charge of the farm which he afterward owned, oper- ating the same on shares for his father. In 1855 he was united in marriage to Miss Mary A. Boory, who was born in P^ris township, being a daughter of Frederick Boory, who was a native of Switzerland, whence he came to America with his parents when he was a boy, and he became one of the early settlers in Stark county, where he passed the remainder of his life. After his marriage Mr. Crowl con- tinued to cultivate his present farm, for which he paid a cash rental up to i88r, when he pur- chased a half interest in the property from his father, after whose death he acquired the re- maining interest, while he eventually increased its area by the purchase of an adjoining twenty acres, so that he had a fine farm of ninety- one acres, all of which is maintained under a high state of cultivation, while the permanent improvements are of that substantial and at- 1396 OLD LANDMARKS. tractive order which indicate thrift and pros- perity. For the last six years Mr. Crowl rele- gated the active management of his farm to his sons, who are prominent and success- ful farmers and stock-growers of this section of the county, and he personally retired from the more active labors. In his political proclivities he was an ardent Democrat and took an active interest in the party cause. He served one term as trustee of Paris township and was a member of the school board for many j^ears. He held mem- bership in the Disciples church, to whose sup- port he was a liberal contributor. Of his ten children nine are still living, and of them we offer the following brief record : Ola is the wife of Henry Perdue, of Paris township; Laura is the wife of John Stucky, also of this township; Frank H. is individually mentioned elsewhere in this volume; Orin is a resident of West township, Columbiana county; Caroline is the wife of Milton Slack, of Minerva, this county; Morris D. and Horace J. are twins, the former being associated in the management of the home farm, while the latter resides in the village of Minerva; Jennie Maud has been in charge of the domestic economies of the home since the death of her mother; and Homer C. is associated with his brother Horace in conducting the farm, as has already been noted. The devoted wife and mother was summoned into eternal rest on the i8th of July, 1896, at the age of sixty-one years, hav- ing been a zealous member of the Disciples church and having had that faith that makes for faithfulness in all the relations of life. Mr. Crowl erected his first residence in 1866, and the same was destroyed by fire in the spring of 1902. the present fine residence be- ing erected immediately afterward and being one of the most attractive farm homes in this section of the county. Mr. Crowl died May 17, 1903. HOSTETTER FAIMILY.— The original American progenitor of the family was Ulrick Hostetter, who came to America with nine brothers, they all being born in Switzerland, where they were reared to maturity. As young men they emigrated to America and took up their residence in the state of Maryland, where they passed the remainder of tlieir lives. David, son of Ulrick, was born in the city of Balti- more, and was there reared, educated and mar- ried, and there two sons were born, David and an infant deceased. David, Sr., was the founder of rhe family in Stark county, whither he came in the "year 1808. He first located in Lisbon and later he entered a tract of heavily timbered land in what is now Paris township, and it is pleasing to note that the property re- mains in the possession of the family to the present time. He became a man of prom- inence and influence in the pioneer community, and at the outbreak of the war of 181 2 his son David tendered his services in defense of the republic, becoming a second lieutenant in a company of Ohio volunteers commanded by Captain Roller, participating in the battle of Maiden and being present at the unfortunate surrender of General Hull, at Detroit. He succeeded in reclaiming a considerable portion of his land and here continued to reside until his death, as did also his wife. They became the parents of seven children, of whom the only two now surviving are Ephraim, of whom .specific mention is to be made later in this con- text, and Elderkin. Of his son Hiram, who died on the 28th of April, 1902, a previous publication has given the following appreciative estimate : Hiram Hostetter was born on the pioneer home- stead. September 19, 1825, and remained on the farm until his twentieth year, when he entered the Wooster Academy. He completed his education by "swinging the ferule" for a few terms in district school. In 1854. he taught school at Racine, Wisconsin, and in the follow- ing year he taught a precinct school in the city of Chi- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1397 ■cago, Illinois. In 1857 he returned to Ohio and began the stndy of law at Ashland. With this fine foundation in erudition and knowledge of men, he chose the pleas- ant occupation of husbandry, and returned to the home- stead, which he later enlarged and improved. Mr. Hostetter never ceased the prosecution of his studies, to which the retirement of rural life is so favorable. His reading and research were wide and liberal and -gave him high rank in the community for his accom- .plishments in the sciences and history. Hiram Hostetter was in politics originally arrayed in support of the Whig party, but when the Republican party came into being, as the avowed opponent ot the fiu'ther exten- sion of slavery, he allied himself therewith and ever afterward remained a stanch advocate of its cause. At the time of the war of the Re- bellion he enlisted as a private in the One Hun- dred and Sixty-second Ohio Volunteer In- fantry, in which he became a second lieutenant, continuing in service for three months. He was one of the most zealous members of the Disciples church and was active in the promo- tion of religious and educational affairs in the • community. He was seventy-five years of age at the time of his demise, and his loss was ■deeply deplored in the community where prac- tically his entire life had been passed, — a life • consecrated to good works and kindly deeds. On the 1st of January, i860, was solem- nized the marriage of Hiram Hostetter to Miss Elizabeth P. Walker, who was born in Ches- ter county, Pennsylvania, on the 22d of June, 1838, being a daughter of Ely and Elizabeth (Barden) Walker, and she is still living on the •old homestead, being one of the revered pio- neer women of Paris township. Of this union were born nine children, two of whom met ac- cidental death, — Ethel, deceased, and Hiram B., who received a fatal shock in falling from a tree. The living children are Karl M.. con- 'cerning whom individual mention is made in later paragraphs: Almira, who died at the age of twenty-six years, and Atta Carma, who is a missionary in Japan, under the auspices of the Disciples church. She thus rendered effect- ive service in the orient for a period of five years and then return.ed home for a rest and in August, 1900, she again returned to Japan to resume her devoted labors. Before enter- ing the missionary field she taught for several terms in the public schools, after which she completed a special course of study at Hiram College, at Hiram, Ohio, and after returning to the United States she took a course of study in Nashville, Tennessee. Of Victor Grant, a prominent clergyman of the Disciples church, further mention will be made at a later point in this article. In the ownership of the old homestead Hiram Hostetter was associated with his brother Ephraim, and of the latter we now enter a brief record. Ephraim Hostetter was born on the old homestead farm on which he now resides, in sec- tion 25, Paris township, the date of his nativity having been January 11, 1835, and it may be further said that his grandfather here took up an entire section of land, and that the latter was one of the ten brothers who came from Switzerland to the United States. Ephraim was reared to the sturdy discipline of the pio- neer farm, and in his youth has such educa- tional advantages as were afforded in the prim- itive log school house of the pioneer epoch. In 1862 he tendered his services in defense of the Union, enlisting as a private in Company B, One Hundred and Fourth Ohio Volunteer In- fantry, with wliich he continued in active ser- vice nearly three years. He participated in the battle of Resaca, and the regiment thereafter was engaged in almost constant skirmishing during the long and weary march to Nashville, where the command was held in reserve. They then returned with General Thomas to Knox- ville. Tennessee, where, under Longstreet, the Confederates laid siege to the city, and the be- leaguered Federal soldiers were eventually re- duced to a diet of bread made from bran, de- pending on this subsistence at the time when 1398 OLD LANDMARKS. Sherman came north and raised the siege, the troops going llien on the Georgia campaign. The One Hundred and Fourth Ohio then re- turned with General Thomas, and took part in the battles of Franklin and Nashville, and Mr. Hostetter was mustered out and honor- ably discharged at Cleveland, Ohio, on the 17th of June, 1865. After his return to Stark countv he again resumed his association with agricultural pursuits, he and his brother Hiram eventually purchasing the present fine home- stead, which comprises one hundred and sixty- four and one-hall acres, and which has been devoted to diversified agriculture and to the raising of high-grade live stock. In politics he has ever given an unequivocal support to the Republican party and he is a devoted member of the Disciples church. Fraternally he is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, being identified with Minerva Post No. 106, at Miner\a. Mr. Hostetter remains a bachelor and has resided consecutively in the home of his brother and the latter's estimable wife. Karl M. Hostetter, the eldest son of the late Hiram Hostetter, was born on the old homestead farm where he now lives, on the 19th of May, 1S61, and he received the ad- vantages of the excellent public schools of his native county. He continued to be identified with the work of the farm until he had attained maturity, and in 1888 h.e removed to the vil- lage of IMiner^ a, where he became an interested principal in the Minerva Furniture Company, whose establishment was destroyed by fire in 1901, after which he returned to the home farm, of which he now has the active man- agement, being known as one of tlie able and progressive business men of this section. He is a Republican in politics and a member of the Lutheran church. On the 27th of January, 1888, Mr. Hostetter was united in marriage to Miss Mary Hockenberger. a daughter of Henry Hockenberger, of Paris to\\nship, who came to this county from Germany when a boy, being now one of the influential farmers of Paris township. .Mr. and Mrs. Hostetter have two children, Claire and Bessie. Rev. Victor G. Hostetter, the younger son of Hiram Hostetter, w-as born on the home farm, on the 28th of August, 1871, and after completing the curriculum of the public schools he entered Bethany College, at Bethany, West Virginia, where he completed a theological course and prepared himself for the ministry of the Disciples church, in which he was or- dained in 1899. Previously to this he had been engaged in teaching for a number of years. He is at the present time pastor of the church at I.orain, Lorain county, Ohio, and previ- ously to this he had held three other charges in the state. He accepted the pastorate of the church at Mungen, Wood county, and later resigned this to become pastor of a church in Zanesville, where he remained until 1901, when he took the Elmore charge at Elmore, Ohio, and in July, 1902, he assumed his pres- ent charge. He has been most successful in his work and is one of the valued clergy of the church and a man of high ability. He married Miss Alma Groh, of Bays, Wood county, and thev have one child, Claris. FRANK H. CROWL was born on the paternal homestead in Paris township. Stark county, Ohio, on the 2d of March, 1861, be- ing a son of Thomas T. and Mary (Boorey) Growl, of wliom individual mention is made on other pages of this work, so that a re- capitulation of tlie family history is not de- manded at this juncture, though it may be stated that his father still resides on the old homestead mentioned. Our subject was reared to maturity on the home farm and from his boyhood up contributed his share of work to the same, while he was accorded such edu- ' cational advantages as were afiforded in the public schools of the locality. Upon attaining CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1399 his legal majority Mr. Cro\vl began work at the carpenter's trade, to which he devoted his attention about four years, becoming a skilled artisan in the line. On the 14th of September, 1885, he was united in marriage to Miss Leone Myers, a daughter of David M. Myers, one of the well known pioneer farmers of Paris town- ship, and after his marriage Mr. Crowl rented the Schorey farm, located near tlie home farm, and there continued to be actively engaged in agricultural pursuits for the ensuing five years, at the expiration of which he leased the farm of Madison Farmer, also in this township, where he remained two years, while he passed the following year on the Thomas Jackson farm, near Minerva. In these years he had husbanded his resources in such a way that, in 1894. he found himself justified in purchas- ing his present tine farm of eighty acres, and here he has since been successfully engaged in general farming, conducting his operations up- on scientific and practical principles, keeping his land at the highest possible state of pro- ductiveness and having excellent improve- ments of a permanent nature, including a com- fortable and attractive I'esidence. Mrs. Crowl was summoned into eternal rest on the 22d of September, 1898, being survived by two of her four children. Myrtle and Frederick, both of whom remain at the paternal home. The two deceased are Anna and Harry. On the 23d of January, 1900, Mr. Crowl consummated a second marriage, being then united to Miss Mary Alice Barnhouse, who was born in Car- roll county, Ohio, being a daughter of the late Samuel Barnhouse, who was an influential and honored farmer of that* county, and of this union one child has been born, Bessie. In politics Mr. Crowl is found stanchly arrayed in support of the principles and policies of the Democratic party, and in the spring of 1900 he was elected to the office of trustee of Paris township, his term expiring in iQoG. He is a worthy member of the Disci- ples churcli, in which he held the office of deacon for a number of years and in whose work he has maintained a deep and helpful interest, his wife likewise being a member of this church. Fraternally he is identified with the Knights of the Maccabees, holding membership in Minerva Tent No. 153. HENRY SCHORY was born in Paris town- ship. Stark county, Ohio, on the 31st of July, 1843, being a son of Christian and Anna (Zwallen) Schory, to whom were born nine children, all of whom are living, namely: Sophia, who is the widow of Charles Lebeau and resides in Paris township ; Henry, who is the immediate subject of this sketch; Eliza- beth, who is the wife of William Foltz, of Carroll county; Mary, who is the wife of Jacob Geiger, of that county; Christian W., who is a successful farmer of Canton township, Stark county; Peter S., who is a prominent farmer of Sandy township; Amelia M., who resides in Lancaster, this state; Caroline J., who is a resident of Alliance, this county; and Melinda M., who is the wife of John R. Miller, of Alli- ance, where he is foreman in an extensive ham- mer factory. The father of these children was born in tlie fair little republic of Switzerland, the place of his nativity having been the fair little village of Radelfingen, ui the picturesque canton of Bern, where he was ushered into the world on the 14th of February, 1803, and where he was reared to the sturdy life of the farm. After the death of his parents, in com- pany with his five brothers and two sisters, he emigrated to America, setting sail in the year 1833 and landing in due course of time in the city of New York. The family came forthwith to Canton, Stark county, their intention being at the time to seek a permanent location farther west, but the father of our subject, in company with his brother Peter, set forth to seek a de- sirable location, and finally selected one in this I400 OLD LANDMARKS. county, and the family forthwith effected the purchase of this farm of one hundred and six- ty acres, in Paris township and near the village of Minerva, the property being owned jointly by the brothers and sisters. There all took up their abode and there all continued to reside for a number of years with the exception of Peter, who returned as far eastward as Penn- sylvania, where he was engaged in teaching school for a time and then studied theology and became a clergyman of the German Re- formed church. Eventually the father of the subject became associated with his brother Jacob in the joint ownership of the farm, having purchased the interests of the other members of the families and in 1853 Jacob ac- quired the entire property and Christian then purchased eighty-five acres of land in the same township, the tract being contiguous to the present homestead of his son Henry, subject of this review, who purchased the property about three years ago. Here Christian Schory passed the residue of his life, being successful in his efforts, which were directed with energy and discrimination, and being known as one of the reliable and upright citizens of the com- munity, commanding unequivocal confidence and esteem. He died on this homestead, in September, 1894, at the patriarchal age of ninety-one years. He was a man of fine in- tellectual powers and could speak the German, Swiss, French and English languages fluently. In politics he was a stanch supporter of the principles of the Democratic party, and his religious faith was that of the Reformed church, of which his wife likewise was a de- voted member, she having preceded him into eternal rest, her death occurring in February, 1892, at the age of seventy years. She like- wise was a native of Switzerland, being seven years of age at the time of his parents" emi- gration to the United States. Her father, Henry Zwallen, located on a farm in Brown 'township, Carroll county. Ohio, purchasing the property from its original owner, who had shortly before entered the claim from the gov- ernment and thus he became one of the first settlers in that locality, where he passed the residue of his life. Of the members of the Schory family who emigrated to America, seventy years ago, the last one. Rev. Peter D. Schory-, died May i, 1901, in Lancaster, this state, at the very advanced age of ninety-five years. Henry Schory, whose name initiates this sketch, was reared to maturity on the home- stead farm, to whose work he early began to contribute his due quota, while in the district schools he pursued his studies and laid the foundation for that broad and practical knowl- edge which he has since acquired in connection with, the active associations of an eminently successful business career. On the 26th of March, 1867, Mr. Schory was united in mar- riage to Miss Mary M. Geiger, who was born in Brown township, Carroll county, Ohio, be- ing a daughter of John P. Geiger, one of the influential and \\ell known pioneer farmers of that township, and after his marriage the sub- ject located on his present homestead farm, which he rented for a period of about five years, at the expiration of which he purchased the property. At the beginnnig he acquired a tract ot seventy-five acres and by subsequent purchases its area has been increased to one hundred and eighteen acres, while in 1899 he purchased of the other heirs of his father's estate their interests in the old homestead farm, comprising eighty-five acres, so that his landed estate now has an aggregate area of two hun- dred and three acres, while it is maintained under most effective cultivation and has the substantial improvements and well ordered ap- pearance which invariably indicates thrift and prosperity. In his early manhood Mr. Schory devoted his attention to threshing for about a decade, being part owner of an excellent equipment for this purpose, but he now gives CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1401 his entire time to his farming operations. He exercises his franchise in support of the Demo- cratic party, so far as national issues are in- volved, but is liberal in his views in the appli- cation of politics to local affairs, and gives his support to the men and measures endorsed by his judgment, rather than following strict partisan dictates. He and his wife are promi- nent and consistent members of the Reformed church, of which he is a deacon. To Mr. and Mrs. Schory have been born seven children, all of whom are living except one, and of them we here enter a brief record, in order of birth ; Ella F., who is the wife of Edward Schearer, of Maplelon, this county; Ida E., who is the wife of Clifton Coffel, an accomplished teacher of music in Paris township ; Alice, who died at the age of eighteen years; Mary, at home; Edward H., who is a successful school teacher and who remains at the parental home, as do also Grace A. and Erma E. THOMAS B. KEITH, deceased, passed the major portion of his life in Stark county, though he was a native of the adjoining county of Canoll. having been born in the village of Pekin, on the 29th of September, 184T, and being the fifth in order of birth of the nine children of James and Sarah (Hnett) Keith. The father of the subject was born in Virginia, about the year 1804, and -was reared to matur- ity in the Old Dominion, and there he was employed as a slave-driver for a time, but be- came cognizant of the fact that his employer had stolen a number of slaves and was paid to leave the state in order that his compromis- hig testimony might not be entered. He was a voung man at the time and he came to Stark county, whei-e he was employed at farm work for some years and finally became identified with the construction of the Ohio & Beaver canal, in which he took a certain amount of stock, practically investing all his savings, and thus, when disaster overtook the venture, he found himself again at the foot of the financial ladder, but not deprived of the recuperative power ever inherent in self-reliant manhood. He continued in the employ of others until he had accumulated sufficient funds to justify him in the purchasing of a tract of sixty acres, in Paris township, this county, and he then lo- cated on this place, to which he subsequently added until he had a farm of one hundred and twenty-nine acres, his original place of abode being a primitive log house, which had been erected by the former owner. Here he contin- ued to reside until his death, as a result of an attack of typhoid fever, in 1857, at which time he was fifty-two years of age. In politics he exercised his franchise in support of the prin- ciples of the Democratic party and both he and his wife were members of the Disciples' church. The mother of the subject was born in Paris townsh-'p, this county, in 1810, being a daugh- ter of Joseph and Elizabeth (Johnson) Huett, who were born in Ireland, where they were married and whence they emigrated to Amer- ica, locating in Pennsylvania, where they re- mained until 1807, when they came to .Stark county and cast in their lot with the early set- tlers of Paris township, where Mr. Huett took up a tract of wild land, upon which he passed a portion of each year until his death, in the interim remaining in Pennsylvania for the purpose of earning the money with which to sustain the family and carry forward the im- provement of the pioneer farm. He died in the old Kevstone state and his wife thereafter took up her permanent abode on the Stark county hom.estead, where she passed the remainder of her life, surviving her husband several years. The mother of the subject survived her hus- band by nearly forty years, her death occurring in iS03- at which time she had attained the ad- vanced age of eighty-three years. She was a woman of noble character, self-abnegating and ever mindful of others, and she held the love I402 OLD LANDMARKS. of all who came witliiii the range of her imme- diate influence. Thomas B. Keith was reared to manhood on the old homestead farm in Paris township, and here he passed practically his entire life. The district schools afforded him his prelimin- ary educational privileges, and he made good use of his opportunities and laid the founda- tion for that ample fund of knowledge which he has since gained in the beneficent and prac- tical school of experience. While he was still a youth he became associated with his brother Smith in assuming charge of the home farm, which they took from their father on "shares," and this partnership continued until 1890, when the subject purchased his present home- stead farm, of eighty acres, on section 21, Paris township, where he forthwith took up his residence and where he resided until his death. May 21. 1903. After the death of his mother Mr. Keith also purchased the old homestead, the place being now in charge of his son. Smith, Jr., and his son-in-law, Allen Zininger. Through his indefatigable industry and good judgment ]\Ir. Keith advanced to a position as one of the essentially representative and influential farmers of this section, and at no point in his career can there be found a shadow upon his integrity and honor. He ex- ercised his franchise in support of the princi- ples and policies of the Democratic party, in whose faith he was reared. On the 31st of October, 1874, Mr. Keith was united in marriage to Miss Rachel Wy- man, who was a daughter of Jacob Wyman, one of the prominent farmers of Holmes coun- ty, Ohio, and of this union have been born four children, concerning whom we incorporate the following brief data : Lulu is the wife of Allen Zininger, and has one daughter, Ruth C. ; Mr. Zininger is in associate charge of a farm adjoining the old homestead farm of the subject's father, as has been noted: Smith. Jr.. is associated with Mr. Zininger in carrying on the work of the farm mentioned, and both are known as able and progressive young business men ; and Richard R. and Carrie remain at the parental home. Mr. Keith had typhoid fever in the spring of 1903, and later died from the eft'ects of pneumonia. His widow still resides on the homestead. ELMER A. HURSH was born on the parental homestead farm in Paris township, on the 6th of December, 1872, being a son of John and Catherine (Riegel) Hursh, of whose eleven children the followng named eight are still living: Mary, who is the wife of Thomas Watson, of Carroll county, this state; Milton, who is a resident of Butler county, Kansas; John L, who is engaged in the coal business in the city of Canton; Francis, who maintains his home in Canton, being a traveling sales- man for the Ohio Oil & Grease Company, of Cleveland; Alice, who remains at the old home: Curtis G., who is likewise engaged in farming in Paris township; Elmer A., who is the direct subject of this resume; and Martha J., w-ho is the wife of Jacob Potoff, of Carroll county. John Hursh, the father of the subject, was born in the old Keystone state of Pennsylvania, on the 7th of January, 1826, being a son of Jacob and Mary A. (Harsh) Hursh, and he was but tW'O years of age at the time when his parents removed to Carroll county, Ohio, lo- cating on a pioneer farm, and there his father died shortly afterward. John was then placed in the home of an uncle, Philip Harsh, while his mother passed her time in the homes of her brothers, Leonard, Philip, Lewis and Will- iam Harsh, all of whom came to Carroll coun- ty in an early day. The father of the subject was reared on the farm of his uncle and re- ceived most kindly treatment, while he secured such educational privileges as were to be had in the pioneer schools of the locality. As a CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1403 young man he served an apprenticeship at the trade of cabinetmaking, but devoted his atten- tion to the same for a comparatively brief in- terval, preferring to engage in agricultural pur- suits. He accordingly settled on a farm in Car- roll county, the property having been an inheri- tance of his young wife, whom he had married a short time previously. In 1863 they disposed of this farm and came to Stark county, where they effected the purchase of the present Hursh homestead, which comprises two hundred and five acres, and here Mr. Hursh continued to reside until his death, which occurred on the 13th of April, 1889. In politics he gave his allegiance to the Republican party, while his religious faith was that of the Methodist Epis- copal church. His venerable widow survived him and lived on the old homestead, en- deared to her by the memories and associations of the past, and cheered and solaced by the love of her children and the affection of a wide circle of appreciative friends until her death, April I, 1903. She was born in Carroll coun- ty. Ohio, on the nth of February, 1825, be- ing a daughter of George and Catherine (Stinger) Riegel. Her father was born in the city of Baltimore, Maryland, on the 19th of October, 1774, and he came to Carroll county in the early epoch of its history, becoming one of its honored and influential pioneers. He was twice married, and of his first union were born six sons, while his second wife, mother of Mrs. Hursh, bore him thirteen children, of whom only three are living at the present time. His second' wife brought him a handsome dowry and he became a wealthy man, his Landed estate at the time of his deatli com- prising about seven hundred and sixty acres. Mrs. Catherine (Riegel) Hursh is likewise a devoted member of the Methodist Episcopal church, while in her home community she is revered as one of the noble pioneer women of the locality. Elmer A. Hursh was reared to maturity on the old homestead farm and the public schools of his native township afforded him his early educational discipline. One year after his fa- ther's death, at which time he was eighteen years of age, he became associated with his brother Curtis in the operation of the home farm on shares, and this partnership thus con- tinued for a period of four years, at the ex- piration of which the subject assumed the en- tire charge of the farm, which he conducted successfully for the ensuing three years. In the spring of 1898 he rented his present farm and forthwith took up his residence on the same, where he remained until the following October, when he removed to the village of Paris and there established himself in the general merchandise business, in which he was asociated with Allen O. Zininger, imder the firm name of Zininger & Hursh. The enter- prise did not prove as successful as Mr. Hursh had anticipated and at the expiration of one year he disposed of his interests in the same, and in May, 1899, he purchased his present farm., upon which he had previously resided, the same comprising eighty acres of exception- ally fertile land. In politics he accords a stanch support to the Republican party, and both he and his wife are valued and consistent mem- bers of the Reformed church. Fraternally he is identified with the Junior Order of United American Mechanics, being affiliated with Etlian Allen Council No. 171, in the village of Paris. On the 2ist of March, 1894, Mr. Hursh was united in marriage to Miss Grace Spon- seller, who was born in Paris township, being a daughter of Frederick Sponseller, a promi- nent and influential stock buyer and a repre- sentative of one of the old and honored pio- neer families of Stark county. Mr. and Mrs. Hursh have two children, namely : Vera M., who was born on the 14th of May, 1895, ^'""^ Carl H., who was born on the 6th of February, 1897. ■I404 OLD LANDMARKS. OLIVER C. BATES was born in Wash- ington townsliip, Stark county, Ohio, on the 8th of February, i860, being one of the ten chil- dren born to John and EHza (Bush) Bates, their names, in order of birth, being as follows : Adaline, who died in 1884; Henry, who is a farmer of Paris township; Mary A., who is •the wife of Oliver Haynes, of the same town- ship: Phoebe, who is the wife of Reuben ■Dourm, also of this townshp; Oliver C, who is the immediate subject of this sketch; John, who is a resident of Elwood, Indiana ; Wesley, who is a farmer of Paris township; Matilda, who is the wife of John Myers, of this town- ship; Jesse, who is likewise engaged in farm- ing in this township; and Harriet E., who is the wife of William Keister, of Osnaburg ■township. John Bates, father of the subject, was like- Avise a native of the old Buckeye state, having •been born in Columbiana county, on the 8th •of October, 1827, his parents having been numbered among the prominent pioneer set- tlers in that locality. He was reared to man- hood on the old homestead, assisting materi- ally in reclaiming the same from the forest wilds, and there he remained until his marriage, soon after which he came to Stark county, where for a number of years he was engaged in farm- ing on rented land, in Washington township. In 1863 he purchased the present homestead farm of seventy acres, on section 17, Paris township, and there he made his home for nearly forty years, up to the time of his death, which occurred on the 25th of October, 1902, at which time he had passed the span of three score years and ten allotted by the psalmist. In politics he was a stalwart advocate of the principles and policies of the Republican party, and during his long life he never failed to exercise his right of franchise after attaining his legal majority save in the case of the last two elections prior to his death, when he was too feeble to go to the polls. He was a con- sisrent and valued member of the Reformed church, with which he identified himself when a young man, and his was the faith that makes faithful, and when he passed on to that "un- discovered country from whose bourne no traveler returns," the community mourned the loss of a distinct man and one in whose na- ture were many noble attributes. Mr. Bates was a veteran of the war of the Rebellion, in which he served with the patriotic devotion of a true son of the republic, and he was an horored comrade of the Grand Army of the Republic, being affiliated with the post in the village of Minerva. His wife, who survives him, was born in Paris township, within a short distance of her present home, in 1830, being a daughter of Philip and Martha (Kon- kle) Bush, who were natives of Pennsylvania and who came to Stark county and settled in Paris township in an early day, here passing the residue of this lives and being numbered among the sterling pioneers of this section of the state. Like her husband, Mrs. Bates is a devoted member of the Reformed church, and she still resides at the old home so endeared to her by the memories and associations of the past. Oliver C. Bates was reared on the home farm and secured his early educational disci- pline in the public schools. At the age of seventeen years he located in the village of Paris, this county, where he entered upon an apprenticeship at the blacksmith's trade, at which he served the regular three years' term, becoming a thoroughly competent workman in the line. At the expiration of his apprentice- ship he entered the employ of Pennock Brothers, the well known car builders of Mi- nerva, this county, and while thus engaged he was united in marriage, on Christmas day of the year 1881, to Miss Mary E. Brothers, who was born in Paris township, being a daughter of James and Susan (Shepard) Brothers, both of whom are now deceased. In 1884 Mr. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1405. Bates located in the village of Robertsville, where he conducted a blacksmith shop for one year, after which he removed to the farm of his maternal grandfather, Philip Bush, in this township, where he remained one year, while for the ensuing three years he was engaged in agricultural pursuits on the farm of George B. Maser, in the same township. In 1888 he disposed of his stock and farming implements and removed to the village of Minerva, where he purchased a home, and there remained in the employ of John Starkey, in a planing mill, for one year, at the expiration of which time he sold his property and removed to the farm of his father-in-law, to whose cultivation he de- voted his attention for the ensuing two years, and then was again in the employ of the Pen- nock Brothers, in Minerva for a year. In 1892 he entered into a partnership with B. M. Stier and they Jointly purchased the present fine farm occupied by the subject, who forthwith took up his residence on the same and who has since continued to actively superintend its cultivation. In politics he has never had any ambition for official preferment, but he accords a stanch allegiance to the principles and poli- cies of the Republican party, in whose support he has been arrayed from the time of attain- ing his legal majority, and fraternally he is identified with the Senior Order of United American Mechanics, holding membership in Minerva Council No. 21. He has two chil- dren, Nora N. and Chauncey H. RICHARD CUNNINGHAM was born in East township, Carroll county, Ohio, on the 2ist of April, 1839, being a son of Sutton and Mary (Harsh) Cunningham, who became the parents of five children, of whom two survive, Alexander, who is a resident of Kensington, Columbiana county, this state, and Richard, who is the subject of this sketch. Sutton Cun- ningham was born in the state of Pennsyl- vania, whither his parents emigrated from Ire- land, of which fair land they were natives, coming of stanch old Irish and Scotch lineage. The father of the subject was reared in the old Keystone state and as a young man he came thence to Carroll county, Ohio, being at the time without financial reinforcement and de- pendent entirely upon his own resources, so that with the attainrhent of the marked suc- cess of later years he also gained the right to the title of self-made man, which is one which the loyal American citizen ever holds in the highest regard and honor. For some time after his arrival in Carroll county he was employed as a farm hand, and later he became a clerk in a general store, the while gaining valuable knowledge and business experience- and also husbanding his resources and having ever in mind the placing of himself in a po- sition of independence. Finally he engaged in the general merchandise business on his own responsibility, in the village of Augusta, that county, and he successfully conducted the enterprise for a number of years, then dispos- ing of the same and purchasing one hundred and sixty acres of land in East township, that county, and forthwith taking up his residence on this farm, which continued to be his home until his death, which occurred in the year 1866. He was a man of alert mentality, pro- gressive ideas and marked business acumen, and thus he attained a high degree of success- in his efforts. In addition to his home farm he also became the owner of the one-hundred- acre farm where our subject now resides, to- gether with two other farms in Augusta town- ship, Carroll county, one comprising one hun- drd and fifty-six acres and the other one hun- dred and fourteen acres. He devoted special attention to the raising of sheep, and through this branch of his farming enterprise he realized large profits, becoming one of the lead- ing representatives of the industry in this sec- tion of the state. In politics he was a stalwarts i4o5 OLD LANDMARKS. adherent of the Democratic party and was one of the influential men of his county, though he never sought the honors or emoluments of public office. His wife was born in Ohio, be- ing a daughter of Leonard Harsh, who was one of the honored pioneers of the county. Mrs. Cunningham survived her husband by ten years, being summoned into eternal rest in 1876, at the age of about sixty years, and hav- ing been a devoted member of the Disciple church. Richard Cunningham was reared beneath the parental roof and acquired his educational discipline in the public schools of his native county. When he attained the age of eighteen years his father assigned to him a portion of the home farm upon favorable terms, since he was to have all the crops raised on the land and with only specifie recompense asked was that he should pay the taxes during the five years through which the agreement was to remain in force. He made the best use of the advantages thus given him by his honored father, and to give further assurance of his independence and self-reliance, he assumed connubial responsi- bilities and the dignity of a man of family, since, on the nth of December, 1861, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary C. Huett, who was bom in Washington township, Car- roll county, being a daughter of the late Sam- uel Huett, who was one of the honored and influential pioneer farmers of that locality. After his marriage Mr. Cunningham removed to his present homestead farm, and one year later ho purchased the property from his fa- ther, while the finally improved farmstead has ever since continued to be his home, the same having greatly appreciated in value through the efforts which have been brought to bear in bringing it into the highest possible state of productivity and through the excellent im- provements of a permanent nature which he has made on the place during the long years since he here took up his abode. He has car- ried on general farming but has devoted his at- tention more particularly to the raising of sheep and cattle, and thus finds use for the greater portion of the products of the farm. He has shown marked discrimination in the breeding up of his live stock to the standard grade and has thus done much to improve and facilitate the live-stock industry in this sec- tion of the state, while his judgment in the line is considered authoritative. He has not been denied the full measure of prosperity, and as time has passed he has added to his landed possessions, owning, besides the home- stead place of two hundred acres, a farm of eighty acres in East township, Carroll county, two, of one hundred acres and eighty-three acres respectively, in Augusta township ; one of one hundred and thirteen acres in Brown township, that county; and ninety-five acres in Columbiana county, so that the aggregate area of his landed estate is now six hundred and sixty-eight acres. While Mr. Cunning- ham has thus devoted scrupulous attention to his industrial enterprises and has so directed his efforts as to attain the maximum of suc- cess in the connection, he has at no period been unmindful of the duties of citizenship nor those involved in his association with his fellow men. He has thus maintained a public-spirited atti- tude and has ever stood ready to co-operate in every legitimate movement looking to the ad- vancement of the general welfare and material prosperity, while he has given an uncompro- mising allegiance to the Democratic party, though never an aspirant for the honors of public office. Though not formally identified with any religious organization, he gives his tangible and liberal support to church work, and his wife is a de\-oted member of the Methodist Episcopal church. They became the parents of two children, of whom one is liv- ing, Alameda, who is the wife of Edward S. DeFord, engaged in the banking business in Minerva. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1407 SMITH KEITH.— The Keith family is of English ancestry, but the present generation in Stark county unfortunately have but little definite data relative to the ancestral history. It is known, however, that Thomas Keith, grandfather of the subject, emigrated from England to the United States when a young man, and it is probable that he took up his resi- dence in the Old Dominion state of Virginia, where it is supposed his children were born, and where the closing' years of his life were passed. Smith Keith, whose name introduces this sketch, was born in Paris township, SIfark county, Ohio, on the 12th of April, 1843, ^^' ing a son of James and Sarah (Huett) Keith, whose three living children are as follows : Eliza, who is the widow of Nicholas Stonehill and who resides near Robertsville ; Smith, who is the subject of this resume; and Sarah, who is the wife of Irvin Cross, of East Roches- ter, Columbiana county. The father of the subject was reared in Virginia, but the place of his birth is not definitely known by his chil- dren. He became a slave-driver in the Old Dominion, and in this way he became aware of the malfaction of his employer in the mat- ter of stealing slaves, and was paid to leave the state so that his testimony might not cause the apprehension of his employer. He thus amie to Stark county as a young man and without financial resources to maintain him- self save for a short interval. For a number of years he worked on a farm and at such, other occupations as he could secure, and finally be- came identified with the construction of the Ohio and Beaver canal, in which he took a number of shares of stock. The venture proved ultimately a failure, and thus his savings of several years were swept away, but he bravely faced the outlook and set to work to retrieve his losses. He was variously employed until about 1837, when he found himself in a po- sition to justify him in purchasing a small farm of sixty acres, in Paris township, and he forthwith located on the place and turned his attention energetically to the improvement of the place and to putting the land under ef- fective cultivation, his original dwelling being a small log house which had previously been erected on the farm. As prosperity attended his efforts he made purchases of small tracts adjoining his home place until the same had an area of one hundred and twenty-nine acres, while he made excellent improvements of a permanent nature as his circumstances justi- fied. He died on this homestead in 1857, at the age of fifty-two years, and here it was that the subject was ushered into the world. In politics he accorded a stanch allegiance to the Democratic party and his religious faith was that of the Disciples of Christ, of which church his wife likewise was a devoted member. Sarah (Huett) Keith, the mother of the sub- ject, was born in Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, in the year 1810, being a daugh- ter of Joseph and Elizabeth (Johnson) Huett, both of whom were born in the Emerald Isle, where they were reared and where their mar- riage was solemnized. They emigrated from Ireland to America and first took up their abode in Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, where they maintained their home until 1807, when they came to Ohio and numbered them- selves among the early settlers of Stark county, though they did not settle here until 1812. Mr. Huett took up a tract of heavily timbered government land in Paris township, this sec- tion being at the time a veritable wilderness. They would pass a few months each year on their pioneer farm, gradually working its rec- lamation, and would then return to Pennsyl- vania to earn more money in order to pro- vide themselves with the necessaries of life and the means to continue the improvement of the farm. The grandfather died while in Penn- sylvania, and and his widow then took up her permanent residence on the Stark county 1408 OLD LANDMARKS homestead, where she passed the remainder of her life, the place being now owned by the Haynam family. The devoted mother of the subject survived her husband many years, entering into eternal rest in 1893, at the vener- able age of eighty-three years, and loved and venerated by all who knew her, while her re- miniscences of the early pioneer days were in- teresting in the extreme, for her memory was very excq:)tional and she loved to recall the scenes and incidents of the "dear dead days beyond recall." Smith Keith was reared to maturity on tlie old homestead where he was born and his early educational advantages where such as the public schools of the place and period afforded. He well recalls the primitive log school house in which he secured his first scholastic disci- pline, but after he had attended the same for two terms it was replaced by a more preten- tious structure. After his marriage he became associated with his brother Thomas in the op- eration of the home farm, and this partner- ship continued until 1890, when Thomas with- drew to engage independently in the same line of enterprise and our subject thereafter re- mained in charge of the farm until the death of his mother, in 1893, when he purchased the interests of the other heirs and thereafter con- tinued his farming operations there until the spring of 1902, when he disposed of the home- stead and removed to the village of Minerva, where he is now Jiving practically retired, hav- ing accumulated a competence and enjoying the rewards of his years of earnest toil and endeavor. In pohtics he is a stanch adherent of the Democratic party, and the confidence and esteem in which he is held in Paris towTi- ship h.ad signal manifestation in the circum- stance of his being for nine years retained as incumbent of the office of township trustee. From his youth he has been identified with the Disciples of Christ, and of this church his wife also is a devoted member. On the 3d of March, 1868, Mr. Keith was- united in marriage to Miss Mary J. Clemens, who was born in Paris township, this county, being a daughter of Abraham and Elizabeth (Rhodes) Clemens, who came to this county from Pennsylvania in an early day, being of stanch German lineage, and here tlie father en- gaged in farming, to which he devoted his at- tention for many years, finally taking up his residence in the vilage of Minerva, where both he and his wife died. Mr. and Mrs. Keith have five children, concerning whom we enter the following brief record : Harry is engaged in farming in Paris township; Nora is the wife of Charles Stockman, of Minerva; Maud is the wife of William Archibald, of Paris town- ship; Grace is the wife of Frank Mitchell, of Minerva ; and James A. remains at the parental home. ANDREW REESE was born in Wash- ington township, this county, on the 13th of April, 1843, being a son of Andrew and Man,' (Eisenman) Reese, of whose six children four are living at the present time, namely : An- drew, who is the subject of this review ; Eman- uel, who is a prominent farmer of Plain town- ship, this county; Catherine, who is the wife ot Alfred Unkefer, of Washington township ; and Mary C, who is the wife of George Schwalen, of Homeworth, Columbiana county. The fa- ther of the subject was bom in Westminster, Carroll county, Maryland, in the year 1802, being a son of John Reese, who was undoubt- edly born and reared in that state, where he be- came the owner of valuable property. Shortly after the British shelled the city of Baltimore, in the war of 1812, he left Maryland and went into Pennsylvania, where he remained a few months in Franklin county, whence he came- with his family to Stark county, Ohio, where he arrived in the latter part of the year 18 12, and he settled in Canton township, near the- MR. AND MRS. ANDREW REESE. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1409 present city of Canton, having here entered claim to a quarter section of government land, while he also took up three tracts of land in the adjoining county of Tuscarawas. He held a large amount of real estate in the state of Maryland, and when he left there he still re- tained possession of a considerable portion of the same, though he never thereafter received any revenue from the property, which he prac- tically neglected, though still retaining his title to the same. This property, as a matter of course, has greatly appreciated in value with the lapse of years, and is now worth many thousands of dollars, and his heirs are making an effort to either regain possession of a por- tion of the estate there or else secure equitable returns from its holders. Grandfather Reese continued to reside on his farm in Canton town- ship until his death, and was known as one of the sterling pioneers and influential citizens of the county, being a man of fine mentality and impregnable integrity of character. Andrew Reese, Sr., father of the subject, was a lad of about ten years at the time when the family came to Stark county, and he was reared to maturity on the old homestead farnij in Canton township, while he attended the primitive schools of the locality and period as opportunity afiforded. As a young man he was employed for a number of years by Peter Trump, who established one of the first dis- tilleries in this section of the state, and after his marriage he removed to one of the farms owned by his father in Tuscarawas county, where he continued to reside for two years, and there his eldest child, Catherine, was bom. At the expiration of the period noted he came to Washington township, Stark county, where he purchased one hundred and sixty acres of land, all of which was covered with the heavy growth of native timber, and which is now the prop- erty of his second namesake, with whom this sketch has specifically to do. He made his home with his brother, George, who had locat- es ed in the township about live years previously, until he had made a clearing on his own land, and there erected a log cabin of the usual pioneer type, when he established himself in this primitive dwelling and set himself vali- antly to the work of reclaiming his land to the uses of cultivation, in which work his inde- fatigable and well directed efforts were even- tually attended with a high degree of success, and it was his privilege to live to see the won- derful transformation of this section of the state from its status as practically a virgin for- est to one of the most prosperous and attractive divisions of the great Buckeye commonwealth. He was eighty-four years of age at the time of his demise, and had survived all of his brothers, being thus the last of the immediate family to pass away. In politics he was a stanch ad- vocate of the principles and policies of the Democratic party, but he never sought otticial preferment of any order. A few years prior to his death, after deep reflection and study, he became a communicant of the Catholic church, in which faith he died. His wife was born in France, being, it is thought, a daughter of Joseph Eiseman, who was one of the sterling pioneers of Stark county, but died in Missouri. She lived to attain the age of seventy-one years, her death occurring in 1886. She was a de- voted wife and mother and a consistent mem- ber of the Catholic church. Andrew Reese, Jr., was reared to maturity on the old homestead farm, where he was born and which he now owns, and he early became familiar with the manifold and arduous duties pertaining to its reclamation and cultivation, while he is indebted to the public schools of the period for that basic knowledge upon which he has reared a fine superstructure indicative of broad intellectuality and valuable information. On the 3d of May, 1866, Mr. Reese assumed connubial responsibilities, since he was then united in marriage to Miss Mary Hildenbidtle, who had been for fourteen years a successful I4IO OLD LANDMARKS and popular teacher in the district schools of Washington township arid who was a young lady of distinctive refinement. She was born in Nimishillen township, this county, where her father, John Hildenbidtle, was an early set- tler, and whence he removed to Washington township when she was seven years of age. He was a native of Pennsylvania and of stanch German ancestry, and he came to Stark county when a young man, from Lancaster county, that state. After his marriage the subject settled on the old homestead farm, and the following year he removed to the village of Freeburg, where he has since maintained his home, though he still retains possession of the old farm, as has pre- viously been intimated in this context. For a period of six years after his removal to the village Mr. Reese was incumbent of the office of postmaster, and in connection with his of- ficial duties he also conducted a grocery for two years, while his wife assumed the practical charge of the postoflice after he had disposed of his grocery business. He then purchased an interest in a sawmill, and has since contin- ued to be associated in the operation of the same, also conducting a prosperous lumber business and being known as one of the pro- gressive and representative business men of the town. In 1888 he purchased the old home- stead, which he has since rented, and from which he receives a good income. For nearly a quarter of a century Mr. Reese also carried on a successful threshing business, keeping the best sort of outfit for the purpose at all times and having the patronage of the farmers througliout a wide radius of country. He dis- posed of his interests in this line in 1901. Although he was reared in the Democratic faith, Mr. Reese early became convinced that the principles of the Republican party were best intended to conserve the prosperity and well- being of the nation, and he showed the courage of his convictions by casting his first vote in support of the "grand old party," of which he has ever since been a stanch adherent, while he has been a leader in its local ranks. He served for three years as assessor of Washington township, and in 1877 he was elected to the office of justice of the peace, in which he has served consecutively to the present time, with the exception of an interim of six months, hav- ing thus been incumbent for a full quarter of a centur}', while his administration has been such as to conserve peace and good will instead of promoting litigation and personal animosities. In the autumn of 1899 he was nominated and elected to the office of director of the county infirmary, and his interposition has proved of marked benefit in the handling of this worthy eleemosynary institution, where the unfortu- nate wards of the county are cared for in an effective manner, and he has been clerk of the toard of directors from the time of being in- ducted into office, having been re-elected to the office of director in the autumn of 1902. Mr. Reese is not formally identified \\\i\\ any re- ligious organization, but he has ever given a ready support to church work. Of their nine children we enter the following brief record : John A. is engaged in the mason business in Louisville, this count}'; ;\manda M. is the wife of Byron O. Meese, of Washington town- ship ; Harry is engaged in the Lake Erie, Alli- ance & Southern shops in the city of Alli- ance, this county; Joseph H. resides in the village of Minerva, where he is devoting his attention to carpenter v.ork ; Jeanet E. died at the age of eleven da}'s; Arden O. remains at the parental home, as do also Robert F., Maud and Alfred B. CHRISTOPHER T. SWALLEN is a native son of tlie Buckeye state, having been born on a farm in Brown township, Carroll' county, Ohio, on the 7th of June, 1847, and being a son of Christian and Elizabeth CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 1411 (Schory) Swallen, to whom were bona nine children, of whom five are yet jiving, namely: Sophia, who resides in the city of Alliance; Henry R., of Paris township, of whom indi- vidual mention is made elsewhere in this vol- ume; Christopher T., who is the subject of this review ; Albert, who is a resident of the city of Alliance; and William L., who resides in Corea, where he has been for the past nine 3-ears engaged in missionary work as an emis- sary of the Presbyterian church. Christian Swallen was born in Switzerland, where he was reared to the age of twelve years, when he accompanied his parents on their emigration to America. They came to Canton, this coun- ty, which was then a mere village, and shortly afterward they removed over into Carroll county, where Grandfather Swallen took up a tract of wild land, in Brown township, where he reclaimed a good farm and where he passed the remainder of his life. On this old liome- stead Christian Swallen was reared to man- hood, and for a number of years after attain- ing maturity he had charge of the fai'm. In 1859 he removed with his family to Stark county and purchased a farm in Paris town- ship, the same having been partially im- proved, and here, as the years fell into the abyss of time, he made the best of improve- ments and developed one of the valuable farms of the county, the property being now owned by his daughter Sophia. Here he remained until his death, at the age of sixty-seven years. He was a man of energy and sterling charac- ter, and while he was industrious and pro- gressive he was unassuming and kindly in all the relations of life and held as his own the unmitigated confidence and regard of the com ■ munity in which he lived and labored to so goodly ends, while he is to be remembered as one of the honored pioneers of this portion of the county. He was a stanch Democrat in his political proclivities, and both he and his wife Avere consistent and valued members of the Reformed church. His wife was born in Ber- lin, Switzerland. Christopher T. Swallen was about twelve years of age at the time when his parents re- moved to Stark county, and he was reared under the sturdy discipline of the farm and gained that practical knowledge of means and methods which has proved of so inestimable value to him in his independent operations along this important and beneficent line of in- dustry. As a boy the major portion of his time was demanded in connection with the work of the farm, and thus, like the average youth of the locality and period, he received but limited educational advantages, attending the district school at irregular intervals and in a desultory and perfunctory manner. How- ever, he thus laid an adequate basis for that excellent practical education which he has since gained in the broad school of experience. On the 24th of .September, 1870, Air. Swallen was united in marriage to Aliss Amanda Stuckey, of Washington township, she having been born on the farmstead now owned by our subject and being a daughter of Samuel Stuckey. who came to Stark county from Pennsylvania and took up his residence in Washington township, where he cast in his lot with its early settlers and here passed the residue of his life. After his marriage Mr. Swallen located on the farm of his father-in-law, and conducted the same "on shares" for a -number of years. After the death of his wife's parents he purchased the interests of the other heirs and has since re- tained the ownership of the place, which com- prises ninet}'-nine acres and which is one of the most valuable places in this section. He de- A'otes his attention to diversified agriculture and has used such discrimination as to gain the maximum returns from his efforts, while he has erected the present substantial and at- tractive buildings which add to the appearance of unmistakable thrift and prosperity and indi- cate the progressive spirit and excellent busi- I4I2 OLD LANDMARKS ness methods of the owner. Air. Swallen is recognized as one of the influential men of the township and is held in the highest regard in the community where so many years of his earnest and useful life have been passed. In politics he is an uncompromising advocate of the principles of the Prohibition party, be- lieving that the liquor trafiic is one of the most menacing agencies with which our republic has to contend, and his religious faith is that of the German Baptist church, in which he holds the office of deacon, while his wife likewise is a devoted member of the church, both taking an earnest interest in the forwarding of its spiritual and temporal welfare. They have no children, but in their home they have reared with true parental kindliness and affection two orphaned brothers, David and TYederick Eshler, the former of whom is associated with our subject in the work of the farm, while the latter is married and retains his residence in the city of Canton, where he is engaged in the Canton Rubber Works. The Stuckey family, of Swiss ancestry, came to \'irginia prior to the Revolutionary war and later went to Pennsylvania, and in 1811 settled in Washington township. Stark county, where he and his wife (Samuel and Catherine (Studebaker) Stuckey) passed the remainder of their lives. They had ten chil- dren : Jacob, San.uel. Simon, Abram, Daniel, Elizabeth, Barbara, Catherine, Susan and Han- nah. Samuel, Jr., was born in Pennsyl- vania in 1804 and was eight years old when he came to Stark county. He married Cath- arine Burgert, daughter of David and Cath- arine (Heffner) Burgert, she a native of Pennsylvania, and they became the parents of eleven children, Simon, Herbert, Eliza (de- ceased), Mary, Adaline, Sarah, I-ydia Ann, Harriet (deceased), Amanda, Lucinda, and Catharine, Airs. Swallen being tlie tenth in order of birth. WALTER S. TAYLOR, AI. D., is a native son of the old Buckeye state, having been born in North Benton, Mahoning county, Ohio, on the i6th of August, 1875, ^i""^ being a son of Hugh S. and Catherine (Shaffer) Taylor, of whose nine children eight are still living, namely : Robert, Enlow, iNlartin and Emlon, all of whom are engaged in agricultural pur- suits in Alahoning county; Marion, who has- charge of the old homestead farm in that coun- ty; Margaret, at home; Waller S., who is the immediate subject of this sketch, and Frank, who is a representative young member of the bar of Portage county, maintaining his resi- dence in Fremont, Ohio. The Taylor family has been identihed with the annals of Mahon- ing county from the early pioneer epoch, as is evident from the fact that the father of the Doctor is likewise a native of that county, hav- ing been born on the farm where he now re- sides, in the year 1826, his parents having been numbered among the first settlers in that county. He was reared under the conditions and influences of pioneer life, and after his marriage he assumed charge of the home farm, which he purchased after the death of his- father, and there he has made his home from, the time of his birth to the present, a period of more than three-quarters of a century. The- homestead comprises one liundred acres, but Mr. Taylor was signally prospered in his ef- forts and acquired a landed estate of about five hundred acres, which in recent years he has divided among his children. In politics he maintains an independent attitude, exer- cising his franchise in support of men and measures rather than being guided by strict partisan dictates. He and his wife are con- sistent and valued members of the Presbyterian, church. Dr. Taylor grew up under the invigorating . influences of the home farm, waxing strong in mental and physical vigor and securing his- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1413 preliminary educational discipline in the dis- trict schools, after which he entered the high school at Alliance, Stark county, where he was graduated as a member of the class of 1895. In the autumn of the succeeding year he was matriculated in the medical department of the University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, where he continued his technical studies for one year, at the expiration of which, in the autumn of 1897, he entered the Ohio Medical University, in the city of Columbus, where he completed the prescribed course and was graduated in the spring of 1900, receiving his degree of Doctor of Medicine and being amply fortified for the practical work of his profession. Shortly after his graduation Dr. Taylor located in the city of Canton, this county, where he served his practical novitiate, being there established in practice about seven months, within which period, on the loth of October, 1900, he was united in marriage to Miss Margaret M. Fort- ney, of Sterling, Wayne county, Ohio, a daugh- ter of Thomas Fortney, who is now a resi- dent of New Pittsburg, that county. In Feb- ruary, 1 90 1, Dr. Taylor came to the village of Maximo, and here, within the comparatively short period of his residence in the village, he has built up a gratifying practice and one that shows an unmistakable accumulative tendency, for his professional ability and pleasing personality have brought him into marked favor and given him precedence in his chosen field of endeavor. The Doctor also holds a diploma granted him by the Protestant Hospital, in Columbus, where he served as interne from April, 1899, until the time of his graduation in the university, his clinical ex- perience in this connection being of varied character and of inestimable value to him in a practical way. In politics the Doctor gives an unequivocal allegiance to the Republican party, in whose cause he takes a deep interest. In the spring of 1902 he was the nominee of the party for the office of justice of the peace, and was elected by a gratifying majority. He and his wife are zealous members of the Presbyte- rian church, in whose work they take an active part, while they enjoy distinctive popularity in the social circles of the community in which thev have their home. ST. JOSEPH'S CHURCH.— Not to a work of this nature is the privilege of entering more than incidental record concerning the great and all pervading influence which the holy Catholic church has exerted in connection with the history of Stark county, and yet from no compilation which touches the generic iiis- tory of this section of the Union can there be eliminated frequent and appreciative references to those noble emissaries of the gracious mother church who have here lived and labored for the salvation of souls and the furtherance of the Master's cause. From the earliest period un- til the present time, when the majestic twentieth century swings into the cycle of the ages, there have been found within the borders of the state of Ohio priests of the church who have lived lives of high consecration and utmost useful- ness, "rejoicing in hope, patience in tribulation, continuing instant in prayer, distributing to the necessity of saints, given to hospitality," and with the utmost self-abnegation giving them- selves and their li\-es to the work which stands for the only ultimate good in human life and human accomplishment. The work of the early missionaries was such as to merit a volume in record, for theirs it was to condescend to men of low estate," "in weariness and painfulness, in watching often, in hunger and thirst, in cold and nakedness," ever holding to the mark of their high calling as servants in the vineyard of the Divine Master. Thus in this work will be found many incidental references to the holy Catholic church and its zealous workers in Stark county, and among the members of the priesthood in the diocese at the present I4I4 OLD LANDMARKS times is Father Charles H. Gardner, who is in- stalled in charge of St. Joseph's church in the village of Maximo, and who has kindly sup- plied us with data concerning the history of his parish. The parish of St. Joseph in the village of Maximo was organized, under missionary auspices, in the year 1874, and the present church edifice was erected in 1874. The first priest to minister to the people of the parish, which was then attached as a mission of the church in the city of Alliance, was Father James O'Leary, who continued to look to the spiritual welfare of the parish until April, 1882, when the church was transferred to the missionary supervision of the parish of Harris- burg, while it was then placed in pastoral charge of Rev. Father F. Senner, whose minis- trations continued until 1884, when Father A. Sauvedet was appointed to the station, where he remained until succeeded by Father J. P. Kunnert, in 1S86, and the latter was pastor until 1888, when Father J. J. Hetet was in- stalled and continued incumbent until the recall of his predecessor, in 1890. Father Kunnert then continued to serve the parish until Sep- tember 26, 1899, and after his regime, which was blessed with excellent results, Father Thomas Kolb filled in the interregnum until the appointment of the present pastor, on June 15, 1900, as the first resident priest of the parish. Father Gardner has thn^wn the full force of his enthusiasm and energy into the work of the parish, and its spiritual and tem- poral affairs ha\-e been materially prospered under his able and devoted administration. Ex- tensive repairs have been made on the church buildings and a term of parochial school is now had each year, while, as before intimated, the church has, for the first time in its long his- tory, a resident priest. The parish has about forty families, of French and German descent, and Father Gardner is favored in having the earnest co-operaton, sympathy and affection of his people, so that he finds that his lines are cast in pleasant places and that he has abundant field for his consecrated and earnest labors. JOSEPH L. VESSERIAT is a native of Washington township, where he was born on the 2 1 St of November, 1866, and here he has passed essentially his entire life. He is a son of John C. and Margaret (Moinet) Vesseriat, of whose nine children seven are yet living, namely : Mary, who is the widow of August Jordon and resides in Chillicothe, Missouri ; Louis, who is a resident of Kent, this state; Louisa, who resides in the city of Canton, this county, being the widow of the late Joseph INIaudru, who was formerly treasurer of Stark county ; Charles, who is a resident of Ma.ximo ; Celesta, who remains at the parental home; Frank L., who is a resident of the city of In- dianapolis, Indiana; and Joseph L., the imme- diate subject of this sketch. The father was born in Barraux, France, in the year 1816,. where he was reared to the age of seventeen years, when he came with his parents to the United States, his father, Benoit Vesseriat, coming to Stark county and purchasing two- hundred and forty acres of land in \\'ashington township. This estate eventually came into the possession of his sons, John C. and Celestine.. As a young- man the former of these two broth- ers went to Randolph, Portage county, where he .served an apprenticeship at the trade of shoemaking, and lie then went to the city of Louisville, Kentucky, where he was employed as a journeyman at his trade about three years. In 1845 he returned to the old homestead in Washington township, and shortly afterwards was married, and thereafter he continued to work at his trade in the village of Maximo until 1 85 1, when he returned to the farm, which he and his brother Celestine purchased at this time, and here he continued to be en- gaged in agricultural pursuits until his death. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY. OHIO. 1415 in 1 89 1, his demise occurring six days subse- quently to liis seventy-filth birthday anniver- sary. He had developed and admirably im- proved the one hundred and sixty asres of the old homestead, which represented his portion of the purchase and the same is still held intact by his estate. Since his death his widow has resided with her son Joseph, subject of this review. She was born near Bedford, France, being a daughter of Frank and Magdelene (Juif) Moinet, both of whom were born in France, whence they came to Stark county in the pioneer days. She is a devoted communicant of the Catholic church, as was also her honored husband, and he was a stanch Democrat in his political proclivities, and though never a seeker for public office he was called upon to serve as township supervisor and also as school di- rector, while his integrity was beyond cavil and he held the esteem and confidence of all who knew him. Joseph L. Vesseriat, whose name introduces this sketch, was reared to maturity under the gracious influences of a good home, in all the name implies, and as he was born after his fa- ther's removal to the farm he early began to lend his aid in this work, while he received such educa- tional advantages as were afforded in the pub- lic schools of the locality, later supplementing this by a course of study in Duff's Commercial College, in the city of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, where he well fortified himself for the active responsibilities of an active business career. In 1892 he located in the city of Alliance, where he worked at the plumber's trade alx)ut two years, and his college business course was taken subsequently to this time. After his re- turn from Pittsburg he accepted a clerical po- sition in the mercantile establishment of J. A. Shaffer, in Maximo, and incidentally served as assistant postmaster, thus continuing from 1895 until 1898. In February, 1900, he re- ceived from Governor Xash his appointment as notary public, in which office he has since con- tinued to serve, while in the spring of 1902 he was elected to the ofi'ice of township clerk, of which he is still incumbent and in which he has handled the records and duties committed to his charge with admirable ability, gaining un- qualified commendation from the public, irre- spective of political allegiance. He is himself an unwavering supporter of the principles and policies of the Democratic party and maintains a lively and intelligent interest in the questions and issues of the day. In 1894 he was elected township assessor and continued in tenure of this office three years, while he has been called upon to serve as administrator of various es- tates, whose affairs he has handled with con- summate judgment and ability, thus adding ma- terially to his just hold on popular confidence and esteem. He is a communicant of the Catholic church, in whose faith he was reared, and for a number of years he served as treas- urer of St. Joseph's parish, in Maximo. Mr. Vesseriat has not yet been cajoled into entering the ranks of benedicts, and his mother presides over the domestic economies of his bachelor home, which is a favorite rendezvous for his many friends. In 1895 he served as deputy treasurer of Stark county, holding this office about eighteen months. JOSEPH SHAFFER.— Although of Ger- man lineage, the Shaffers originally lived in Alsace, France (now a province of the German empire), and in an early day representatives of the family came to the United States and set- tled in Pennsylvania. William Shaffer, the subject's grandfather, was bom and reared in that state and there married Sophia , a native of Wurtemburg, Germany. As early as 1816 this couple left their Pennsylvania home and moved to the newly settled country of eastern Ohio, locating in what is now Wash- ington township, Stark county. About one year later ]\[r. Shaft'er acquired a tract of land I4I6 OLD LANDMARKS in section 10, one mile novtlieast of the sub- ject's present place of residence, and in due time developed a fine farm, on which he and his good wife spent the remainder of their days. He appears to ha\-e been a man of great energy and from time to time added to his original purchase until he became the possessor of about six hundred and forty acres of land, much of which he cleared and reduced to cultivation. He was not only a highly successful farmer and enterprising business man, but also took the lead in his community in all matters making for the public welfare and his influence was al- ways exeixised for the good of his fellow men. \\'illiam and Sophia Shaffer reared a large family of six sons and seven daughters, all of whom grew to mature years and became the heads of families, and it is a remarkable fact that but one of these children died under the age of forty-eight. The father and mother of the family lived to be four score, one of the sons dying in his ninety-fifth year. Among the children of this excellent old couple was a son by the name of John, avIio was born in W^ashington township. Stark county, in 1S19. He was reared on the home farm, experienced the vicissitudes incident to life in a new country and grew up a strong, well developed man with a definite purpose to make the most of his opportunities. He re- mained with his parents until his marriage with Miss Margaret Cairns, when he settled on a small farm in section 10, wliere he lived tor a short time, subsequently, in partnership with his brother, purchasing the quarter section on which his son, the subject of this sketch, now resides. In the division of the estate, one hundred acres fell to John Shaffer and on this farm he spent the remainder of his life, dying in 1866 at the age of forty-seven vears, being the youngest member of the family to pass away. In politics he was a stanch Democrat and at one time filled the office of township trustee, besides being an active and influential worker for the success of his party under all circumstances. Religiously he was a Presby- terian and his life was in harmony with the rather strict training for which that church was formerly noted. Margaret Cairns, wife of John Shaffer, was born in 1814 in Dumfree- shire, Scotland, and at the age of twenty-four came to the United States with her parents, An- drew and Margaret Cairns, who settled in Washington township, Stark county, on a part of the farm now in possession of the subject of this review. Mrs. Shaffer bore her husband five children and survived him a number of years, dying in 1890. She was a woman of excellent judgment and strong powers of mind, a faithful wife and devoted mother, and her death was deeply lamented not only by her family but by a large circle of friends and ac- quaintances who learned to love her beautiful character and exemplary Christian life. Of the five children constituting the family of John and Margaret Shaffer all but one are liv- ing, their names being as follows : Andrew J., a farmer of Washington township; James A., of Maximo, Ohio; Jennie, wife of Charles F. Reickert, of Lexington township, and Joseph, whose name introduces this interview. Joseph Shaffer \\as born November 2j, 1846, in Washington township. Stark county, Ohio, and spent his childhood and youthful years in close touch with nature on the home farm. He was taught the true nobility of labor and while still a lad assumed his share of the work and responsibility of running the place, the meanwhile looking carefully after his mother's interests, to whose welfare he contin- ued to devote his attention until her death, four years later. Mr. Shaft'er carries on general farming quite extensively and in addition thereto has achieved wide reputation as a successful raiser of fine live stock, his income from these sources resulting in a fortune of no small mag- nitude. Since his twentv-first vear, he has CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1417 voted the Democratic ticket and at the present time is regarded as one of the inflnential mem- bers of his party in the township of \Vashing- ton. While not connected with any church or rehgious organization, he beheves in and has profound reverence for Christianity and in many ways has aided the good work in his neighborhood and elsewhere. He is a liberal contributor to different churches and all moral enterprises have his sanction and hearty sup- port. Standing for social reform and public order, he advocates a strict enforcement of the law and few have been more active and ener- getic in upholding the dignity of manly con- duct and good government. Mr. Shaffer is a single man, with no family ties of his own, notwithstanding which he has strong domestic tastes and is as great lover of home as those whose households resound to the laughter and music of childhood. HENRY ALDINGER is a native son of the Keystone state, having been born on the 13th of May, 1846, and being the eldest of the three surviving of the four children born to Andrew and Catherine (Knoll) Aldinger. his brothers, Joseph and John, being residents of the village of Maximo, Stark county. The father of the subject was torn in the province ■of Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, and when he was a child of three years his parents bade atlieu to the Fatherland and set sail for Ameri- ca, for the purpose of establishing a new home in a country where they felt that superior op- portunities were afforded for attaining a posi- tion of independence. They settled in the state of Pennsylvania, which had become the home of so many of their worthy countrymen, and there Andrew Aldinger was reared to maturity and securetl his educational training in the •common schools. He grew up on a farm and toil was his daily portion from his youth up. As a young man he was for some time engaged in rafting on the Ohio river, transporting prod- uce and other commodities by the primitive means then in vogue, and through the exposure thus entailed his health became impaired, the effects being particularly appreciative during the later years of his life, when he w-as much enfeebled. In 1853 he removed with his fam- ily to Stark county and took up his residence on the farm now owned and occupied by the subject of this sketch, in sections 9 and 16, Washington township, and here he continued to be engaged in agricultural pursuits until his death, which occurred in i860, at which time he was about fortj'-five years of age. He was a man of inflexible integrity, industrious and progressive and very active until the time came Avhen his health rendered it impossible for him to assume the more arduous work of his farm. He was, it is thought, a Democrat in his political proclivities and both he and his wife were devoted members of the United Brethren church. The mother of the subject was born in Pennsylvania, of stanch German ancestry, and she survived her husband by sev- eral years, being summoned into eternal rest in 1900, at the age of eighty years. Henry Aldinger was about seven years of age at the time when his parents came to Stark county, and he was reared to manhood on the farm which is now" his home, his educational privileges being such as were afforded in the district schools of about a half-century ago, while his attendance in the same was desultory, since much of his time was demanded in con- nection with the work on the farm. He was but fourteen 3-ears of age at the time of his father's death, and as he was the eldest of the boys the major portion of the responsibility of the farm fell upon his youthful shoulders. He continued in cliarge of the homestead, comprising sixty-seven acres, up to the time when he purchased the property, in 1878, since which time he has devoted his attention to its improvement and cultivation, having erected ex- I4i8 OLD LANDMARKS cellent buildings and brought the land to the highest state of productivity. He is stanchly arrayed in support of the Democratic party, but is not insistently partisan in local affairs, preferring to cast his vote in support of men and measures m.eeting the approval of his judgment. He has been called upon to serve in offices of trust and responsibility, this fact not only indicating his eligibility but also the confidence and esteem reposed in him by the people of the community in which he has lived from his childhood to the present time. He served two terms as trustee of Washington township, and, with interregnums of varying length, has been incumbent of the office of township treasurer for a total of about twelve years. He is in tenure of this position at the present time, and the fiscal affairs of the town- ship are administered with economy and marked business judgment as placed in his keeping, and that popular appreciation of this fact is not lacking is evident from his having been again and again called to the office. He has served as a member of the Democratic county central committee on several different occasions and has been a valued factor in the promotion of the party cause in this section. In October, 1873, ^I'"- Aldinger was united in marriage to Miss Mary Fox, who was born in Stark county, being a daughter of John Fox, an honored pioneer farmer of Washington township, and she has proved to him a true helpmeet and devoted companion. Of their four children two are deceased, Ida, who died at the age of twenty-eight years, and an infant. The two surviving are Orpha and Charles, both of whom remain at the parental home. JOHNSON GRANT is a native of Stark county, Ohio, and was born in Mount Union, December 13, 1839, a son of Josiah and Tabi- tha (Johnson) Grant, who were the parents of three children, of whom two are still living, viz : Johnson of this record, and Jennie, wife of William Reck, of Bradford, Pennsylvania. The deceased brother, whose name was like- wise William, died at home from disease con- tracted in the army while in the pursuit of the rebel general, John Morgan. Josiah Grant, father of Johnson Grant, was a native of New Jersey and was born about 1816. Stacey Grant, father of Josiah, and his brother John were among the earliest settlers of this section of Stark county, but from a fear of the Indians left their families in New Jersey. Stacey Grant entered a farm in Al- liance and his brother John entered just back of. him, on what is now known as West Main street, in Alliance, where the Indians were still troublesome, so that the brothers were fre- quently compelled to flee to Salem for safety. These brothers, it is said, were first cousins of Jesse Grant, father of General U. S. Grant. Shortly after settling here the brothers sent for their families, and here they passed the remainder of life, the grandfather of Johnson being eighty-two years old at the time of his death. Josiah Grant was reared a farmer, but later learned the wagonmaker's trade and after marriage lived a short time in Mount Union, where he worked at his trade until his removal to his farm of forty acres, a mile and a quarter south of Mount Union, upon which farm he died eventually, his wife dying about eleven years later. Josiah. when twenty-one years of age,, located in Alliance, where he worked at his trade until his death, at the age of seventy-si.K years. His wife was a daughter of Simon Johnson, who came from Washington county, Pennsylvania, to Stark county, Ohio, in a very earlv day and entered a section of land in Washington township, one-quarter of which is that now occupied by the Children's Home. He gave each of his children a farm, but not one of them is at present practicing" his profession. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1419 Grandfather Johnson, on setthng in Stark county, occupied a log hut in the wilder- ness, a blanket serving for a door, through which the bears and wolves chased the house- dog with impunity, and here the grandfather lived to be seventy-seven years of age. John- son Grant, after the death of his mother, went to live with this grandfather, remained until eighteen years old, then went to Wood county, Ohio, and there passed a year at work for his uncle. Col. B. W. Johnson, and then returned to Stark county and took charge of the home farm, which had by that time come into his posses- sion. In 1 86 1 Mr. Grant rented out his farm, and' in October enlisted in Gen. Jolm C. Fre- mont's tody buards at Benton Barracks, St. Louis, Missouri, and served about three months, when they were disbanded for the reason that Fremont was superseded by Gen. Halleck. Mr. Grant then returned home and at once en- listed in Company K, Seventy-sixth Ohio Vol- unteer Infantry, with which he took part in the siege of Fort Donelson and the battle of Shiloh : next he fought at Corinth; then went with General Grant to Vicksburg and Jackson. Mis- sissippi, and later, retaking' the latter city, went to Chattanooga to relieve General Rosecrans ; then went to Lookout Mountain, and thence to Missionary Ridge, Ringgold and Resaca, and later joined General Sherman in his famous march to the sea, and with him forward on to Washington, D. C, where he participated in the grand review. From this city Mr. Grant was sent to Louis- ville, Kentucky, where he was soon afterward honorably discharged from the service. The only mishap that befel ]Mr. Grant while in the army was a wound sustained at Dallas, Georgia, from the effects of which he so suf- fered that it was necessary to confine him in the corps hospital for two months. On recuperat- ing ]\Ir. Grant returned to his home and resided on his farm for ten years, and during that per- iod added fourteen acres to his estate. In 1876 he traded off his old homestead for his present home of eighty-seven acres. Mr. Grant, who is acknowledged by all his neighbors to be one of the leading and most ex- perienced farmers of the county, has made a specialty of Jersey cattle, and is one of the most successful dairymen in the county, his output being that which is known as the "Fairmount Jersey Farm" milk, cream and butter, being largely sought after at the best market prices. In 1866 Johnson Grant was united in mar- riage with Miss Jennie Hilles, of this township, and a daughter of Enos Hilles, a prominent early settler from Pennsylvania. The union here alluded to has been graced with two children, namely : Willis, a graduate of Mount Union College and of Harvard College, and at present a professor in a high school in Pittsburg, and Lawrence, at home. In politics Mr. Grant is a sturdy Repub- lican, and has been satisfied with serving his party and fellow citizens as township trustee. Fraternally Mr. Grant is a member of John C. Fremont Post No. 729, Grand Army of the Republic, of Alliance, and is Master of Fair- mount Grange No. 1458, Patrons of Husband- ry, his eminent abilities as an agriculturist read- ily pointing him out as the proper person to fill the important position. Socially he and fam- ily mingle with the best people of Washington township, by whom they are greatly honored. JOSIAH A. LUTZ comes of stanch Ger- man ancestry in the agnatic line, and the fam- ily was early founded in the old Keystone state of Pennsylvania, from which its representatives have been dissem.inated throughout the most diverse sections of the Union. He was born on his present farm, in section 31, Washington township, on the 2d of November, 1849, being the only child of Abraham and Elizabeth (Folk) Lutz. His father was reared to matur- ity in the state of Pennsylvania, whence he came I420 OLD LANDMARKS to Stark county, Ohio, in the 'twenties and be- came one of the pioneers of \\'ashington town- ship, where he continued to reside for several years. Early in tlie 'thirties he purchased and removed to the farm now owned by his son, and here he continued to be engaged in agri- cultural pursuits until his death, while he also devoted much attention to the Avork of his trade, being a skilled carpenter and having erected a number of the first frame barns built in this section of the county. He was twice married, and of the six children of his first union five are yet living, namely : Sarah, Catherine, Eliza- beth, Rlargaretta and Daniel. The mother of ■our subject was born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, and she likewise was twice mar- ried, her first husband having been Frederick Herbster, to whom she bore eight children, of whom the six surviving are as follows : John, Jacob, Peter, Mary, Elizabeth and Catherine. The honored father of the subject died in the year 1854, and his widow survived him by nearly a score of years, entering into eternal Test in 1 87 1. Josiah A. Lutz, the immediate subject of this review, was reared under the invigorating influence of the homestead farm, and his edu- cational advantages were such as were afforded in the public schools of the locality and period. After his father's death the farm was sold with the exception of his mother's dower rights, which she retained in her possession until her death. In 1870 our subject and his half-broth- er, Peter Herbster, repvnxhased the old home- stead in its entirety, and continued to be asso- ciated in its operation until 1883, when Mr. Lutz purchased his brother's interest, and thus became the sole owner of the farm upon which he was born, while he has added to its original area by the purchase of a contiguous tract and now has one hundred and one and a half acres. The farm is maintained under a high state of cultivation, giving evidence of thrift and pros- perity and also of the scrupulous care bestowed by a progressive and energetic owner, while the improvements on the place are of substantial and attractive order. He commands the uni- forni esteem of the people of the community in which he has passed his entire life, and takes a public-spirited interest in all that touches the general welfare. In politics he is a stanch ad- herent of the Republican party, but he has never sought the honor or emoluments of public ooffice. He and his wife are valued members of the Lutheran church. On the 27th of April, 1873, Mr. Lutz was united in marriage to Miss Mary Horn, who was born in Nimishillen township, this county, on the 22d of January, 1849, being a daughter of Christian and Magdalena Horn, honored pioneers of that section, where Mr. Horn died a number of years ago. His widow is still liv- ing and has attained the extremely venerable age of ninety-one years, while she retains re- markable vigor for one of her many years. To 'Sir. and I\Irs. Lutz were born nine children, and the six survi\ing remain on the old home- stead where they were Ijorn, their names being as follows: Har\ey, Edward, Ida I\I., Emma F., Xorman and Charles. The devoted wife and mother was called upon to answer the in- exorable summons of death in January, 1889, having held the afi'ectionate regard of all who knew her. On the 25th of December, 1892, Mr. Lutz consummated a second marriage, be- ing then united to Miss Mary J. Sells, who was born in Washington township, being a daughter of John Sells, who is now a resident of the state of Michigan. No children have been born of this marriage. BERNOUILl J. G. WILLIARD is a na- tive son of the Buckeye state, having been born in New Lisbon, Columbiana county, Ohio, on Christmas day of the year 1831, and being ai son of Jacob G. and Christina A. (Getzen- daner) Williard. of whose eight children only CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. I42» three are now living, our subject being the eld- est of these, while the other two are Catherine, who is a maiden lady and resides in Home- worth, Columbiana county, and Andrew Jack- son, who is a representative attorney of that place. The father of the subject was born near Middletown, Frederick county, Maryland, on the 17th of April, 1801, coming of fine old French Huguenot stock. His parents were likewise natives of Marjdand, but his great- grandparents in the agnatic line were natives of France, whence, as did many other of the un- fortunate Huguenots, they lied to Holland to escape the atrocious persecutions incidental to the revocation of the edict of Nantes. From Holland they emigrated to America in the year 1 64 1 and located in ^^laryland, where they ac- quired about two thousand acres of land, while a brother of this emigrant ancestor went from Holland to England and thence came, in 1635, to America and settled in Massachusetts. One of his descendants, Francis Williard, became governor of the state of Indiana, and many members of both the ^Maryland and Massachu- setts branches became eminent at the bar and in the ministry, Rev. George W. Williard, D. D., LL. D., having been for many years presi- dent of Heidelberg College, at Tiffin, Seneca county, Ohio, one of the leading educational institutions conducted under the auspices of the Reformed church, while he became widely known as a minister of the gospel and as an educator and editor, his son George P. being at the present time one of the leading physicians and surgeons in Tiffin. The paternal grand- mother of our subject was a native of Holland, her maiden name having been Grove, and was a member of an old and distinguished family of that country, and in recent years her descent in the United States have been making efforts to secure their just share of her heritage from an estate of twenty million dollars in Holland. Jacob G. Williard, father of the subject, was reared in his native state and there received a thorough collegiate education, while as a young man he adopted civil engineering as a pro- fession, having been thoroughly trained in the same. In 1822 he came to Ohio and located in Dayton, where one of his uncles had previously taken up his abode, and there he was tendered and accepted a professorship in a local college, but he retained the incumbency but a short time and then went to Sandusky, where he was en- gaged in teaching for a brief interval. He was then induced to take up his residence in Colum- biana county and to assume pedagogic work there. After teaching for a time in the district schools of the pioneer epoch he located in the village of New Lisbon, that county, where both he and his wife taught school for several years. He then gave up this line of endeavor and turned his attention to surveying, being later elected county surveyor and retaining the office a number of years, within which he did much important work. He surveyed the Sandy & Beaver canal, and incidentally it may be stated that his son, the subject of this review, stood. by the side of Benjamin Hanna, father of Sena- tor Marcus Hanna, when he turned the first shovelful of earth at the initiating of the con- struction of the canal, he having been at the time president of the canal company. Jacob G. Williard was later elected to the office of treas- urer of Columbiana county and was recognized as a man of distinctive influence and ability. In 1848 he came to Washington township. Stark county, where he had purchased a half section of land about a decade previously, and here he built what was at the time considered the best farm house in the county. He continued to de- vote his attention to the improvement and cul- tivation of his farm until 1858, when he was elected county surveyor and removed to the city of Canton, and he later was incumbent of the office at different times, his entire period of ser- vice in this capacity covering twelve years, while there remain on the county records many evidences of his efficient work in this line. He 1422 OLD LANDMARKS also served for a number of years as city engi- neer of Canton and was in tenure of his posi- tion at the time of his death, which occurred on the 17th of April. 1878. His political alle- giance was given to the Democratic party and his religious faith was that of the Reformed church, while he was numbered among the early members of the Masonic fraternity in the state. He was one of the best known and most influ- ential citizens of this section, a man of fine in- tellectuality and high character, and he held the uniform esteem of all with whom he came in contact. His wife, Christina A. (Getzendaner) Williard, was born near Frederick City, Mary- land, on the 1 6th of April, 1S04, being a daugh- ter of Jacob Getzendaner, who was a wealthy and influential manufacturer, owning and operating extensive woolen mills at George- town, Maryland, while he resided on his line estate, of about three hundred acres, lying con- tiguous to the corporate limits of Frederick City. Mrs. Williard was afforded the best of educational advantages, having completed a collegiate course and having been an accom- plished musician. The first piano ever brought to New Lisbon, Ohio, was hers, and while she was engaged in teaching in Stark county one of her pupils was the mother of the late la- mented President McKinley. Mrs. Williard, a woman of noble and gracious character, pre- ceded her husband into eternal rest by two years, her death having occurred in the city of Canton, on the i8th of April, 1876, while she, like her husband, had been a devoted member of the Reformed church. The father of the subject acquired extensive landed interests in Ohio, owning two entire sections in Williams county, one section in what is now Beaver township, Mahoning county, two hundred and twenty acres near New Lisbon, Columbiana county, and eighty acres on which the village of Guildford, that county, was platted, while he also owned town property in Canton and New Lisbon. Bernoulli J. G. Williard, the immediate subject of this sketch, passed his early youth in his native town of New Lisbon, Columbiana county, where he attended the public schools and also received most excellent instruction under the guidance of his honored father, who had been an advanced and able educator, as has been previously noted, while he also had the superior advantages implied in a cultured and refined home. During his school vacations he assisted in his father's office, and at the age oi fifteen years he was appointed his father's deputy in the oftice of county treasurer. At the age of seventeen years he assumed the man- agement of his father's farm in Stark county, whither the family had removed within the year he attained the age noted, and he continued to superintend the management of the farming and stock interests of this homestead until the time of his marriage. At the age of eighteen he began teaching in the district schools of Washington township during the winter terms and thus continued for a number of years, prov- ing one of the popular and successful teachers of the county, while during the intervening summer seasons he gave his attention to the farm. In 1858 he was married and shortly afterward he settled on his present homestead farm of sixty acres, in section 25, Washington township, having purchased the property two years previously. Later he acquired ninety acres adjoining this on the east, and he utilized the entire farm until 189S, when he sold the ninety acres. He has for many years devoted his attention largely to the raising of high-grade live stock, feeding a large number of cattle during the winter months and then placing the stock on the market. His farm is one of the model places of the county, and its permanent improvements are of most substantial and at- tractive order, including a commodious and pleasant residence, which is a center of cordial and refined hospitality. In politics Mr. Wil- liard is a stanch advocate of the basic principles CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1423 of the Democratic party, but in local affairs, where no issue is involved, he is liberal, giving his support to the men and measures approved by his judgment. He served one term as town- ship clerk and has been for many years a val- ued member of the school board of his district. He early devoted his attention to the reading of the law, and has gained a concise and dis- criminating knowledge of the science of juris- prudence and its practical application, while he has practiced in the minor courts for the past forty years, though never foi^mally admitted to the bar. He is a zealous and devoted member of the Presbyterian church, as are also his wife and children, and when about five more years shall have elapsed he will have served a full half century as an elder in the church. Fra- ternally he is identified with the time-honored order of Free and Accepted Masons. On the 15th of September, 185S, Mr. Wil- liard was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Beer, who was born in Columbiana county, Ohio, being a daughter of James and Elizabetli (McClellen) Beer, honored pioneers of that county, and of this union have been born seven children, namely: Lillie A., who is the wife of Martin Bechtel, of Washington township : Grace E., who is tlie wife of John C. Unger, of Marlboro township; Mary E., who is a grad- uated physician and is now following the pro- fession of a trained nurse in Elgin, Illinois ; James B., wdio is a successful farmer and stock- grower of Washington township, as is also Walter G. ; Margaret A., who remains at the parental home; and Susan B., who is the wife of William McOuilkin, of Homeworth, Colum- biana countv. GEORGE G. TAYLOR was born on the 30th of September, 1869, on the old homestead, on section 27, Canton township, being a son of Samuel and Mary C. (Wigginton) Taylor, the former of wdiom was born in Jefferson coun- ty, Ohio, being a representative of one of the honored pioneer families of the Buckeye state, and the date of his nativity having been Janu- ary 9, 1815. He was reared in his native county, receiving a common-school education, and was there engaged in agricultural pursuits up to the time of coming to Canton township, Stark county, where he purchased the farm now occupied by his widow and their only son, and here he became known as one of the representa- tive citizens of the township, making the best of improvements on his place and through his well directed efforts gaining a high degree of success. Here he continued to reside until his death, on the 19th of February, 1887, at the age of seventy-two years. He was a man of marked business ability and his reputation throughout life was untarnished by shadow of wrong or suspicion of evil. On the ist of October, 1868, in Canton township. Stark county, he was united in marriage to Mrs. Mary C. (Wigginton), Oyer, the widow of Christian Oyer. She was born in Virginia, on the 17th of June. 1833, and was there reared to the age of thirty-three years, when she ac- companied her parents on their removal to Ohio, the family locating in Stark county, where was solemnized her first marriage, no children being born of tliis union. Mrs. Tay- lor survives her honored husband and with her son remains on the old homestead, so hallowed to her by the memories and associations of the past. William G. Taylor, the immediate subject of this review, grew to manhood under the sturdy and invigorating discipline of the home farm,- and his educational advantages were such as were afforded in the public schools. He has had the wisdom to consider the industry of agriculture worthy of his best study and ef- forts, and thus has been eminently successful in carrying forward the work inaugurated so many years ago by his honored father. The farm comprises two hundred and fifty-five 1424 OLD LANDMARKS acres, and is one of the finest rural estates in the county, the buildings being of substantial order and well adapted to their respective uses, while the residence is spacious and attractive and provided with many modern improvements conducive to comfort and convenience. In his political proclivities, though never ambitious for office, Mr. Taylor is a stanch Republican, and his religious faith is indicated in liis mem- bership in Mount Zion Methodist Episcopal church in Canton township, in which he has been a prominent and active worker, doing all in his power to advance its spiritual and tem- poral welfare, while for several years he has held the office of steward of this church. His mother and wife are also members, as was his father, whose interest in religious work vras ever a vital and helpful one. In Rose township, Carroll county, Ohio, on the 6th of October, 1892, Mr. Taylor was united in marriage to Miss Margaret E. Weav- er, who was torn in that county, a daughter of David and Sarah H. Weaver. This happy union has been blessed with three children, — Howard S., Grace M. and Ray C. CORNELIUS AULTM AN.— Strong, true men are always benefactors. Their usefulness in the immediate and specific labors they per- form can be in a certain degree defined. I'he good they do through the forces they put in motion, and through the inspiration of their presence and example, is immeasurable by any finite gauge or standard of value. The death of such a man is a public calamity, because by it the country loses not only his active energy, but the stimulus of his personal presence and influence. There is, however, some compensa- tion for this loss in the memory of his services, the effect of his example and the continued fruitfulness of the activities he quickened into life. The late Cornelius Aultman was such a man. To epitomize his life and character within the limits which this work allows is im- possible. The force and power of his living presence are realized by the void his death has made. The clearness of his purpose, the sound- ness of his judgment, his tireless activity, his indomitable will, his achievements, have left their impress upon all who were in any way in touch with him or his life work. Cornelius Aultman was a native son of the old Buckeye state, having been born on a farm a few miles east of Canton, on the loth of March, 1827, while his death occurred in Canton on the 26th of December, 1884. Hs father dying when he was but two years old, he was thrown largely upon his ov n resources. While still a youth he determined to strike out for himself and, leaving the farm, he went to Greentown where he entered the shop of Michael Wise for the purpose of learning the trade of wheel- wright, wheels for transport, mill construction and spinning comprising the main output. Sub- sequently Mr. Aultman, with his wife and child, in company with a party of friends, re- moved to Plainfield, Illinois, making the jour- ney by wagon, camping out of nights whi' " on the way. They remained for about one year in the locality, at the end of which time they returned to Greentown, where the sub- ject, in company with others, formed a busi- ness partnership that was more fruitful of far- reaching results than any that was ever known in this part of the country. One of the earliest men to perceive and en- deavor to meet the demands of agriculturists for improved farming machinery was Ephraim Ball, who, back in the 'forties, conducted a small plow shop in Greentown. Upon his return from Illinois Mr. Aultman secured employment in Mr. Ball's shop and in a remarkable short time had mastered all there was to be known of the trade. It is said that he was able to turn out more and l^etter work than any of his fellow workmen. He was endowed by nature with a splendid physiqiie, which was accompanied by fi^^'K/ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1441 when he was united to Miss EHzabeth Young, who was born in that township in 1844, a daugh- ter of Jacob and EHzabeth (Sheffer) Young, the former of whom was born in the eastern part of the state, whither his parents emigrated from Ireland. After his marriage Josiah E. Schuffell continued his residence in Osnaburg until 1886, having fohowed various occupa- tions. In that year he established a general store in the town, and in this line of enterprise he has ever since continued, being one of the representative and influential citizens of the town and having attained si,iccess through in- defatigable and well-directed effort. He has been unfaltering in his allegiance to the Demo- cratic party, and has taken an active part in public affairs of a local nature, while his in- flexible integrity, his marked business ability and his personal popularity have led to his being chosen incumbent of various offices of trust. He served for many years as corpora- tion clerk and has held other local offices, ever commanding the unequivocal confidence and esteem of the community. Fraternally he is identified with the Knights of Pythias and the Junior Order of United American Mechanics. Both he and his wife are members of St. Paul's Reformed church, in whose work they have taken an active part for many years. To them two children were born, Harry M., the immediate subject of this sketch, and Minnie, who died at the age of two years. Dr. Harry M. Schuffell was born in Osna- burg, Stark county, on t!ie 13th of July, 1866, and he attended the village schools until he had attained the age of twelve years, when he assumed the practical responsibilities of life, his first efforts being as an employe in the coal mines of the county, where he worked during one summer. In the following autumn he en- tered upon an apprenticeship at the tinner's trade in Osnaburg, under the direction of Henry Sell, with whom he remained for a period of four years. In the autumn of 1882, 90 when in his sixteenth year, he again entered the public schools of his native village, and that he made good use of his time is evident when we revert to the fact that in the follow- ing spring he passed the reqrared examination and was given a teacher's certificate for the county. After his examination, and while he was still a student in the public schools of Osnaburg, his instructor informed him that he had secured him a position to teach an un- expired term in district No. 7, Osnaburg town- ship, said district being locally designated as "Dutch Kingdom." He was successful in his pedagogic efforts in the "kingdom," and just before the close of his term he secured a simi- lar position for the folloAving term, in a neigh- boring district. When he finished his labors in said district, with two months' salary in his pocket, he proceeded to Ada, this state, where he was duly matriculated in the Northwestern Ohio Normal University, where he continued his studies from the spring of 1884 until the following autumn^ when his funds became ex- hausted, and he found it necessary to give im- mediate attention to his depleted exchequer. He accordingly returned home, and tavtght in a school in his native township, during the ensuing winter term, while in the spring he resumed work at his trade, in which he con- tinued until August, having during this en- tire interval the one aim in view, — to secure the funds with which to continue his educa- tional work. In August he returned to the normal university, where he continued his studies until October, when his finances, though he practiced the utmost economy, again reached so low an ebb that he returned to his home once more, and he again entered the public schools of Osnaburg. A few weeks later, however, he accepted the position of weighmaster for the Doll Coal Company, of Osnaburg, retaining this incumbency until the following spring, that of 1886, when he taught a two-months term in one of the district 1442 OLD LANDMARKS. schools of jSUmishillen township, and thereafter followed his trade, in Canton and Louisville, this county, until the following autumn, when he engaged to teach the \\inter term in the school of district No. lo, Osnaburg township. ,In the spring of 1887 the Doctor again became a student in the normal university, where he remained until November, when he taught again through the ensuing winter, in the mean- while devoting his attention to the reading of medicine^ his self-reliant and ambitious nature leading him to form definite plans for his future vocation. From the spring until the autumn of 1889 he was again a student in the normal school at Ada, teaching in Osna- burg township during the ensuing winter, and then resuining his studies at the normal, where, in the following autumn, he completed the course in science and pharmacy, wiiile shortly afterward he passed the required examinatiori before the state board of pharmacy, at Cleve- land, and was duly granted a certificate as registered pharmacist. He then taught another term of school, at the close 01 which he came to Canton and assumed a position in the estab- lishment of the Canton Pharmacy Company, as pharmacist, where he remained imtil the fol- lowing spring, in the mean\vhile having con- tinued his medical studies under the direction of Dr. Alonzo B. Walker, of Canton. In July, 1 89 1, he returned to the Ohio Normal University, where he was duly graduated with his class, in the scientific and pharmaceutical courses, i^eceiving the degree of Bachelor of Science and Graduate in Pharmac}'. In Sep- tember, 1891, he matriculated in the medical department of the Western Reserve University, at Cleveland, where he received credit for his degrees and was entered as a member of the junior class. He completed the prescribed course and was graduated in March, 1S93, ''^" ceiving his coveted degree of Doctor of Medi- cine, for which he had worked with sucli marked zeal and devotion. During the inter- vening summer vacations he was in the employ of the Canton Pharmacy Company. Two weeks after his graduation Dr. Schuffell, for the purpose of still farther fortifying himself for his chosen profession, went to the national metropolis, where he completed a post-graduate course in the New York Polyclinic. On the iQth of June, 1893, the Doctor opened his offices m Canton, at the corner of Cleveland avenue and Tuscarawas street, where he remained until 1898, when he remo\ed to his present convenient and attractive quarters, at 314-16 South Clevelarid avenue. It is pleas- ing to note that the Doctor has secured a large and distinctively representative support, while he is known as a thoroughly skilled physician and surgeon, a close and constant student and as one who ever observes the unwritten code of ethics which is prescribed for his profession. In 1898 he was elected coroner of Stark coun- ty, on the Republican ticket, in which capacity he continued to ser\'e for two terms, while since 1900 he has been visiting surgeon to the Ault- man hospital. He is an active member of the Canton Medical Society, the Union Medical Society of Northeastern Ohio and the Cleve- land z-\cademy of Medicine and Ohio State Medical Society, while fraternally he is identi- fied with the Masonic order, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Foresters, the Knights of Pythias, the Junior Order of United American Mechanics and the Protected Home Circle. He and his wife are prominent members of Trinity Reformed church, in which he holds the ofifice of elder. In Canton, on the 29th of May. 1895, Dr. Schuffell was united in marriage to Miss Cora M. Stone, daughter of Isaac and Eliza ( Lyons 1 Stone, the former of whom is deceased, while the latter still maintains her residence in Canton. Dr. and Mrs. .SchufTell are promi- nent in the best social life of the city, where tl'cir friends are in number as their ac- ' qiiaintances. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1443 ANTHONY A. RUFLIN is a native of Switzerland, where he was born on the i8th of January, 1828, and he is now the only sur- vivor of the six children born to Anthony and Catherine (Keese) Ruflin, both of whom were likewise born in the fair little republic of Switzerland. Anthony Ruflin, Sr., was a natural mechanic and was a skilled workman at both the carpenter and blacksmith trades, while his genius enabled him to do all sorts of mechanical work with exceptional facility and effectiveness. In 1831 he and his family bade adieu to their native land and set forth to es- tablish a home in America. They reached the hospitable shores of the new world in due course of time and forthwith came westward to Ohio, settling in Columbiana county, where the father of the subject purchased fifty acres of land. About eighteen months later he disposed of this property and came into Stark county. In Washington township he secured eighty acres of heavily timbered land, the property now being owned by Samuel Hoiles, and here he took up his residence in a log' cabin which had been erected by a former owner, a small portion of the place having been cleared at the time when Mr. Ruflin came into possession of the same. He devoted his attention to reclaim- ing and cultivating this farm until 1856, when he sold the property, and in the spring of the ensuing 3'ear he effected the purchase of the farm where the subject now resides, in section 9. Here he continued his efforts as an agricul- turist and did much toward the proper im- provement of the farm which is now one of the valuable places of the township. Here he con- tinued to make his home until he was called from the scene of life's activities, on the 20th of May, 1863. at which time he was over seventy- two years of age, his devoted wife sur- viving him only about eighteen months and be- ing sixty-eight years of age at the time of her death. They were folk of sterling character and held the unqualified respect of the com- munity, while their religious faith was that of the Catholic church. Mr. Ruflin was a Demo- crat in his political proclivities. Anthony A. Ruflin, to whom this sketch is dedicated, was reared on the old homestead farm and early began to lend his aid in the work of reclaiming the land and rendering it available for cultivation, so that he has ever appreciated the dignity of honest toil. The scholastic institution which it was his privilege to attend was the primitive log school house, with its rude equipment of puncheon floor, slab benches, etc., and yet the advantages here afforded were suflicient to enable him to lay, an adequate foundation for the broad fund of practical information which has come to him through his active association with men and affairs during the years of a long and useful life. He continued to assist in the work of the home farm until the time of his marriage, in 1864, and he tlien purchased the homestead, his father having died in the preceding year, being associated in this purchase with his brother August, while they also bought all stock, implements, etc. For nine years the two brothers continued to be associated in the ownership and management of the farm, and at the expiration of this time our subject pur- chased iiis brother's interest and has since re- mained the sole owner of the fine property. The ;irea of the estate has been increased to two hundred and twelve acres, and the same is maintained under a high state of cultivation, while the permanent improvements are of the most substantial, attractive and consistent or- der, so that the farm is recognized as one of the most valual_)le in this section of the county. Mr. Ruflin inherited much of the mechanical skill of his honored father, and for a number of years he devoted no little attention to work at the carpenter's trade, having erected numerous buildings in this locality. For several years he also operated a threshing outfit, securing a rep- resentative patronage in this section, \\here he is 1444 OLD LANDMARKS. Avell know n and where he has ever commanded the maximum confidence and good will of the people of the community. In politics Mr. Ruflin has ever accorded a stanch allegiance to the Democratic party, and he and his family are prominent and valued members and com- municants of the Catholic church. On the 2d of February, 1S64, Mr. Ruflin was united in marriage to Miss Teresa Warner, who was born in Washington township, being a daughter of Anthony Warner, who was bom and reared in Germany, whence he emigrated to America in 1857 and took up liis residence in Washington township, this county, where he became a successful farmer and where he passed the remainder of his life, as did also his wife, whose maiden name was Mary Ann New. Mr. and Mrs. Ruflin became the parents of six children, of whom four are Hving, namely : Joseph, who farms a portion of the old homestead; Frank A., who' remains at the parental home, as does also Emma T. : and Charles A., who is a student in the medical department of the Ohio State University, at Columbus, being a member of the class of 1902. EDWARD G. McCORMICK, M. D., is a native son of the Buckeye state, having been born in the city of Zanesville, Ohio, on the 27th of May, 1856, and being a son of Edward and Elizabeth (Fisher) McCormick. The for- mer was a native of the Emerald Isle, and there he was reared and educated and there learned the trade of tailor. Upon his emigra- tion to the United States he first settled in Miami county, Ohio, and thence removed to Zanesville, where he was established in busi- ness as a merchant tailor for more than a half century, being one of the honored citizens of the place and a man of high intellectual powers and utmost probity of character, so that esteem and confidence came to his portion as a natural sequel. He now resides in the home of his daughter, Mrs. T. J. Saup, in the city of To- ledo, Ohio, having attained the advanced age of seventy-seven years. The mother of the Doctor was born in Dauphin county, Pennsyl- vania, near the city of Harrisburg, whence she accompanied her parents on their removal to Miami county, Ohio, where they passed the residue of their lives, while she died in the city of Zanesville, on the 20th of May, 1892, at the age of sixty years. She became the mother of nine children, of whom five are yet living. Edward G. McCormick received his pre- liminary education in the district schools, and thereafter passed two years with his uncle, Peter McCormick, in the city of Lafayette, In- diana, where he continued his studies in the public schools. He began his technical study of medicine under the effective preceptorship of Dr. Alfred Ball, of Zanesville, and in 1877 he was matriculated in the Ohio Medical Uni- versity, in the city of Columbus, remaining there during one course of lectures, after which he entered the Columbus Medical College, where he was graduated as a member of the class of 1879, having shown himself to be a close and discriminating student and coming forth well equipped for the practical work of his profession, while he received his coveted de- gree of Doctor of Medicine at the time of his graduation. In May of the same year Dr. McCormick established himself in practice at Zanesville, where he remained for a short time and then removed to Coshocton county, Ohio, where he was associated in practice with Dr. A. E. Walker for a short interval. In 1S84 he was there married and in the following year removed to Kimbolton, Guernsey county, where he was actively engaged in practice until the autumn of 1889, where he has since maintained his home and where he has significantly gained precedence as a skillful physician and surgeon, controlling a gratifying and representative practice. He CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. M45 was a member of the United States board of examiners for pensions in Stark county for iour and one-half years and is a valued mem- "ber of the Stark County Medical Society. In 'politics the Doctor exercises his franchise in support of the principles and policies of the Deinocratic party, and his religious faith is that of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which his wife is likewise a devoted member. Fraternally he is identified with the Knights of the Maccabees. Dr. Mc- Cormick is essentially a self-made man, hav- ing defrayed the expenses of his college course through his own efforts, and thus being the more appreciative of the advantages which he secured and which he was careful to neglect in no manner. While in college he clerked in a drug store to secure the means to continue his studies, and when he left the medical college with his dignified diploma as a physician and surgeon, his financial resources were repre- sented in the sum of fifty cents. Men of such courage and self-denial deserve success and it is seldom denied, for such labors indicate the virile power and the strength of character through which success is gained in any field of endeavor. In Coshocton county, Ohio, on the 29th of April, 1884, Dr. McCormick was united in marriage to Miss Lucy Conley, a daughter of Charles Conley, of that county, and of this union two children have been born, Charles E., who was born November 18, 1887, and Helen M., who was born on the 29th of May, 1893. HON. JOHN P. JONES is a native son of the Buckeye state, having been born at Mineral Ridge, Trumbull county, Ohio, on the 19th of August. 1868, and having been the third in order of birth of the eight children ■of William and Rachel (Owens) Jones, the former of whom was born in Gloucestershire, England, and the latter in Wales, whence both came to the United States when young, the father of our subject having been actively identified with mining interests from his youth until the time of his death, which occurred as the result of an accident in the mines at North Lawrence, on the 24th of May, 1 894, at which time he was fifty years of age. He was a man of unassuming nature and his life was filled with consecutive toil and endeavor, while it was so ordered that he merited and received the respect of his fellow men. In politics he was a Republican and his religious faith was that of the United Brethren church, of which his widow is a devoted member. When the subject of this sketch was but two months of age his parents removed from Trumbull county to Stark county and settled in North Lawrence, and this village has ever since been his home. Here he was reared to man- hood and here he received his early educational discipline in the public schools, while, inci- dentally, it may be said that he is largely self- educated, having gained a wide fund of prac- tical knowledge through personal application and through active and intimate association with men and affairs. When he was but eleven years of age he began working in the mines of this locality, where his father -was also em- ployed, and here he gained that appreciation of the dignity of honest toil which has made him so significantly appreciative of the aspira- tions and difficulties of laboring men. He con- tinued to be employed in the mines for a period of eleven years, at the expiration of which, being then twenty-two 3'^ears of age, he was elected to the office of justice of the peace in Lawrence township, retaining this incumbency for three years, within which he devoted much attention to reading and study, particularly as touching political issues, and he early became an active and ardent worker in the local ranks of the Republican party, of whose principles he has continued to be an uncomprosising ad- 1446 OLD LANDMARKS vocate. In 1S90 Mr. Jones was elected presi- dent of the Ohio State Miners' Association, in which position he rendered timely and effective service for a term of three years, having thus been twice chosen as his own successor. In January, 1892, he was elected a member of the executive board of the national organization of miners, and in the summer of that year President McKinley appointed him inspector of mines for the state of Ohio, which im- portant position he continued to most accepta- blv fill until January, 1898, when he resigned the same to enter upon his duties as a member of the lower house of the state legislature, to which he had been elected as a representative from Stark county in November of the pre- ceding year. He served in the legislative body only until May. 1898. when he resigned his oftke to accept that of labor commissioner, to which he had been appointed by Governor Asa S. Bushnell, who recognized his peculiar eligi- bility and urged him to make the change. In this important office he continued for two years, and since that time he has devoted his attention to operating coal mines of his own, still retain- ing his residence in North Lawrence, where it may well be said that he has hosts of friends, and this is but a natural sequel, for he is known as the true friend of every worthy laboring man, while he also commands the unqualified regard of those who are able to offer employ- ment to others, as well as of many personal acquaintances who stand high in the councils of state and nation. He takes a lively interest in all that concerns the local welfare and no worthy cause fails to secure his aid and in- fluence. For the past two years he has been a member of the board of education of Law- rence township and is at the present time sec- retary of the same. Fraternally he is identified with the Masonic order, in which he has ad- vanced to the Knight Templar degree, being member of the Mount Xfnion Commandery No. I, at Columbus, while he also holds membership in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias and the Independent Order of Forresters, and still maintains his associa- tion with the miners' organization. On Christmas day of tlie year 1889 was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Jones to Miss Lillie Rowe, who was born in Stark county, being a daughter of Cyrus Rowe, who is en- gaged in mining in Lawrence township. Mr. and !Mrs. Jones have two children, William and Mary Arden. ROBERT A. POLLOCK was born in North Lawrence, Lawrence township. Stark county, Ohio, on the 24th of August, 1870,^ being a son of John and Catherine (Mains) Pollock, the former of whom had his nativ- ity in northern Ireland, and the latter in Scotland, while both are of stanch Scottish lineage. They were married in the fair lands of hills and heather, "bonnie auld Scotland," and thence emigrated to America in the early 'sixties, forthwith coming to Stark county and locating in the village of North Lawrence, which has ever since been their home. Here the father of our subject was originally identi- fied with the mining industry, in which he con- tinued for a number of years, while in 1880 he established himself in the mercantile busi- ness in this town, where he has built up a most successful entei"prise in the line, receiving a rep- resentative patronage and being known as a business man of absolute integrity and marked acumen, ordering his affairs with mature judg- ment and ever aiming to meet the demands of his customers, while his fair dealing and un- varying courtesy have gained him the esteem and confidence of the entire community. He served for a term of four years as mail clerk on the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chicago Rail- road, and for two terms he was incumbent of the office of postmaster of North Lawrence, giving' a most acceptable and capable adminis- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1447 tration and doing much to improve the local service. In politics he gives an unfaltering al- legiance to the Republican party, and both he and his wife are valued members of the United Brethren church. Of their four sons and four daughters the subject of this sketch was the fifth in order of birth. Robert A. Pollock received his early educa- tional discipline in the public schools of North Lawrence, and at the age of thirteen years he secured employment in the coal mines near the town. He continued to be thus engaged until he was nearly twenty-one years of age. Dur- ing the summer term of 1892 he was a student in Mount Union College, near the city of Al- liance, ihis county, while during the following fall and spring he again attended the public schools of North Lawrence, and in tlie summer of 1893 h^ completed a commercial course in the Northern Lidiana Normal School and Busi- ness College, in Valparaiso, where he remained four months, making the best use of the ad- vantages thus afforded. He then returned to North Lawrence, where he has since continued to assist his father in the conduct of his mer- cantile business. At the November election of 1899 ^^''- Pollock was elected, on the Republi- can ticket, as representative in the seventy- fourth general assembly of the Ohio legislature, and in November, 1901, he was chosen as his own .successor in this office, in which he has given efficient service, being assigned to several important committees and taking an active part in the deliberations of the house, on whose floor he has given a number of strong speeches in advocacy of measures which his judgment ap- proved. For the past five years he has served' as justice of the peace in Lawrence township and he is known as one of the radical and en- thusiastic young Republicans of the state, hav- ing attended various party conventions and ever showing a zealous interest in the cause. For two terms he has been a member of the board of education in his native town, and in 1896 he was a member of the state executive board of the Ohio Aiiners' Association, being known as a stanch friend of the laboring man under all conditions. Fraternally he is identified with Newman Lodge No. 787, of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, in North Lawrence; with Nathan Hale Council No. 172, of the Junior Order of United American Mechanics; and with Massillon Lodge No. 441, of the Be- nevolent and Protective Order of Elks. On the 18th of December, 1901, Mr. Pollock led to the marriage altar Miss Gloria C. Blakely, tlie only daughter of Mr. and Mrs. George E. Blakely, of Doylestown, Wayne county, Ohio, where she \\'as born and reared, her father being one of the prominent and influential citi- zens of that place. Mrs. Pollock is a lady of gracious presence and marked accomplishments and she and her husband take a prominent place in the social life of their home town, where thev \\a\e. a wide circle of friends. JOHN M. BARNETT claims the old Keystone state of the Union as the place of his nativity, having been born in Bedford county, Pennsylvania, on the 17th of Decem- ber, 1841, a son of Jacob F. and Hannah (My- ers) Barnett, both of whom were likewise na- tives of that state and representatives of prom- inent pioneer families. In 1849 thev re- moved from Pennsylvania to Ohio and took up their abode on a farm in Nimishillen town- ship. Stark county, where they maintained their home for a number of years. In 1867 they came to Canton township, and here the mother died when sixty years of age. Her Inisband continued to conduct his farm until the infirmities of advancing age compelled his retirement, and he also died on the homestead farm, having attained the venerable age of eightv-lwo years. They were folk of ster- ling character, true and loyal in all the rela- tions of life, and they did not live in vain, 1448 OLD LANDMARKS. for tlieir memories are enshrined in the hearts of those who knew Ihem and their strength for good works was as the numher of their days. They became the parents of nine chil- dren, of whom onr snbject was the second in order of birth, and of the number four are living at the present time. John M. Barnett was about eight years of age when his parents took up their abode on the farm in Nimishillen township, and on that homestead he was reared to maturity-, be- ing indebted to the district schools of this county for the early educational privileges. He remained lieneath the parental rooftree un- til he attained the age of twenty-six years, and after his marriage he located on a farm in Nimishillen township, where he resided for the ensuing twelve years, at the expiration of which he returned to Canton township, where he has since been successfully engaged in agri- cultural pursuits. He is now the owner of a finely, improved farm of sixty-eight acres, and so thoroughly has he studied the science of agriculture and the best methods to be em- ployed in the rotation of crops, proper fertil- izing", etc., that he has been most successful in the returns which he has secured from his assiduous labors. Upon his farm he has erected an attractive and commodious house, while the other buildings are of substantial and appropriate order, neatness and careful attention being indicated in every portion of the place. The military service of Mr. Barnett is one which will ever redound to his credit and honor as a leal and loyal son of the Republic. In August. 1862, he tendered his services in de- fence of the Union by enlisting as a private in Company B, One Hundred and Fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with which he re- mained in active service for nearly three years, or practically until victory was assured to the I'nion arms. His regiment was as- signed to the Army of the Tennessee, and he participated in a dozen or more important en- gagements, besides many skirmishes, while he bore himself with true soldierly dignit}' and fidelity, ever being found at the post of duty and ready for any service that might be de- manded of him. Among the more important battles in which he took part may be mentioned the following: Chattanooga, Franklin, .-At- lanta, Georgia, and Fort Fisher. Mr. Barnett was mustered out of the service at Cleveland, Ohio, m July, 1865. He retains a lively inter- est in his old comrades in arms, and signifies the same by his membership in McKinley Post No. 25, Grand Army of the Republic, of Canton. In Canton township, on the 26th of Sep- tember, 1867, Mr. Barnett was united in mar- riage to Miss Lovina Trump, who was born in tliis county, being a daughter of George J. Trump, who was one of the sterling pioneers of Canton township, where he was engaged in agricultural pursuits until his death, at the age of seventy-two years. His wife, whose maiden name was R. Weaner, died at the age of eighty- six years. Both were natives of the state of Pennsylvania, whence they came to Ohio about 1820. Mrs. Barnett has proven not only a companion and helpmeet to her husband, but has also been his counselor and able coadjutor, and to her influence he attributes in a large degree his success in life. To them have been born six children, one of whom died in infan- cy, while their daughter Jennie died at the age of twelve years. Those living are : Nel- lie, who is the viie of Isaac C. Greenawalt, of Canton ; and Clinton and Lloyd, who remain at the parental home. In politics Mr. Barnett is a stanch advocate of the principles of the Republican party, and both he and his wife are consistent members of the First United Evangelical church of Canton, taking a deep interest in its work. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1449 ANDREW YODER was born in Milton township, Wayne county, Ohio, on the 2d of October, 1855, his father having been there engaged in farming at the time. The subject was the eighth in order of birth of the ten ciiildren born to Eli D. and Nancy (Kapp) Yoder, the former of whom, it is interesting to recall, was born in Canton township. Stark county, while his wife was a native of Lan- caster coiuity, where she passed her girlhood days on a farm owned by the late President James Buchanan. She died in Canton, at the age of seventy-two years, and her husband still survives, having attained the venerable age of eighty-four years and having his home in that city. They became the parents of three sons and six daughters, and of the num- ber five are living at the present time. When the subject was but six years of age his parents removed from Wayne county to Canton township, .Stark county, where they settled on the farm now owned and conducted by him, so that practically his entire hfe has been passed in this township. On this homestead he Avas reared to years of maturity, being indebt- ed to the public schools of the locality for his educational discipline. He consecutively main- tained his home on this farm, with the excep- tion of eighteen months, which he passed on an adjoining farm known as the Henry Bans place. He never faltered in his liking for an allegi- ance to the great basic industry of agriculture, and through its benefices he attained a success wortliy the name, while he fully appreciated the free and independent life of the farmer, being well content to remain "far from the madding crowd's ignoble strife," and finding enjoyment and indubitable profit in his chosen vocation, Avhile since 1890 he gave special attention to dairying, in which department of his enterprise his success was very pronounced, the same re- sulting from the discrimination and scrupu- lous care which he accorded to every detail, from the selecting of his stock to placing his product on the market. The farm comprises one hundred and twenty-five acres and its well tilled fields render fruitful harvests in season, while the attractiveness of the homestead is heightened by the evidences of care bestowed upon the place. In politics Mr. Yoder accorded an unquali- fied allegiance to the Democratic party, and while he never sought the honors or emolu- ments of public office, he showed a deep and con- stant interest in all that conserved the welfare and progress of the community, and was for many years a member of the board of school directors of his district, his policy in regard to the cause of education being a liberal and progressive one. He was a zealous member of the United Brethren church, taking an active part in the various departments of its work, particularly the Sunday school. His death oc- curred October i, 1902. At the home of the bride, in Bethlehem township, this county, on the 9th of December, 1880, Mr. Yoder was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Van Dorsten, who was born and reared in that township, being a daughter of Harmon and Julia (Shepler) Van Dorsten, the former of whom was a representative farmer of that section. She was born on the 2d of June, 1858, and her educational discipline was received in the district schools. She is a woman of gracious presence and unvarying kindliness, and proved a true helpmeet to her husband, while their union was blessed with seven chil- dren, name!}': Walter R., Bertha A., How- ard C, Neil H., Ruth C, Roy R. and Ralph E. DAVID SPONSELLER was born on his present farmstead, in Canton township, the date of his nativity having been April 4, 1837. He is a son of John and Catherine (Herbster) Sponseller, the former a native of Pennsyl- vania, and of stanch German lineage, while the latter was born in the state of Maryland. Their I450 OLD LANDMARKS. marriage was solemnized in the old Keystone state, and it is altogether probable that shortly afterward they emigrated to the wilds of Stark county to establish a home and work out the problems of life with self-reliance, courage and faith. They came here and settled on a tract of heavily timbered land in Canton township, the property having been purchased from the government and the deed to the same bearing the signature of James Madison, who was then President of the United States. In the midst of the forest a clearing was made and there was erected the diminutive house of round logs Avhich was to figure as the family home for a number of years, until the returns from the herculean labors put forth should justify the erection of a more pretentious dv\elling, — per- haps a stately building of hewn logs, which was considered the practical acme of elegance and luxury. The parents gave themselves faithfully to the task set before them, and as the years passed by the forest was found to be gradually displaced by cultivated fields, and prosperity began to smile on the brave and noble toilers. They lived to see the march of improvement well inaugurated, and on this old homestead the honored parents lived and la- bored until they were called forward to that "undiscovered country from whose bourne no traveler returns," resting from their labors, while it may well be said that "their works do follow them."' The father of the subject lived to the age of eighty-five years, sustained and comforted until the last by the companion- ship and affection of her who has been his true h.elpmeet during all the long years of their wedded life. His wife continued the journey until she had attained the venerable age of ninety years, when she too was summoned to the "land of the leal," a noble Christian woman, whose children may well "rise up and call her blessed." They became the parents of eight children, namely: Frederick, Mary, Abra- ham, Julia, John, Kate. Henry and David, and of these all have passed away except the sub- ject of this sketch. David Sponseller, who was the youngest of the children, was reared on the old pioneer homestead, and in his toyhood days he became inured to the sturdy and invigorating work in- volved in the clearing and cultivating of the farm upon which he now lives, while his edu- cational privileges, owing to the normal exi- gencies and conditions, were meager in char- acter. As a boy he plodded his way, during the winter months, lo the little log school house, which was equipped with slab benches, punch- eon floors and wide fire-place, and there conned his rudimentary lessons under such instructors as the primitive settlement could offer. He is the owner of one hundred and twenty-five acres, and the farm is under most effective cul- tivation, while he also devotes attention, in a culjordinate way, to the raising of high-grade live stock. He has made excellent improve- ments on the homestead, having erected a com- modious and substantial dwelling and other buildings well adapted to the uses to which they are applied. Mr. Sponseller has not allowed his interests to be confined to his personal af- fairs, but has taken a deep concern in all that has contr'buted to the wellbeing of the com- munity in which his life has been passed. In politics he is a stanch supporter of the Repub- lican party, and his religious faith is that of the Lutheran church, of which he has long been a valued member, being one of the elders of the church. His parents were also devoted members of this church, as is also his wife. On the 14th of February, i860, in the city of Canton, Mr. Sponseller was united in mar- riage to Miss F.lizabeth Croft, who was born in Canton township, on the 21st of October, 1836, being one of the three children of Michael and !Mary (Lichtenwalter) Croft, the former a na- ti\e of Indiana and the latter of Pennsylvania, ' while thev were numbered among the honored' pioneers of Stark county, where both died. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. MSI The father died in the city of Canton, at the age of eighty-eight years, his wife having passed away in Osnaburg township, at the age of seventy-eiglit years. Their three children were: William; Elizabeth, who is the wife of the subject; and Susanna. To Mr. and Mrs. Sponseller have been born nine children, name- ly: Mary Ellen, who is the wife of Christian Marks ; Alice, who became the wife of John Rindchen. and who died in Canton township on the 29th of October, 1901 ; Laura Ann, who is the wife of Samuel Snortz; the next child died in infancy; William; Ada is the wife of William Kitzmiller; Cora remains at the parental home; Kate is the wife of Charles Miller; and Senora is still living beneath the home rooftree. DAVID W. SPONSELLER.— When it is stated that the subject of this review is of the third generation of the family in Stark county it becomes evident that the name has been identified with the annals of this section of the state from the early pioneer days. His paternal grandfather, John Sponseller, of stanch German ancestry, was a native of Penn- sylvania, whence he came to Stark county, tak- ing up a tract of wild land in Canton town- ship, v>here he instituted the work of reclama- tion and improvement, and where he passed the remainder of his life, as did also his wife, whose maiden name was C. Herbster. They were folk of sterling character, industrious and unassuming, and they reared their children to lives of usefulness and honor, so that the name has ever been one unblemished by shadow of wrong or suspicion of injustice to others. Their son, Abraham, the father of the subject, was born on the old pioneer homestead, in Can- ton township, in the year 1820, so that it was his privilege to be a witness of the transition stages through which this locality developed from the primitive conditions of a practically frontier wilderness to that of an opulent and prosperous section of one of the most advanced commonwealths in the Union. Abraham Sponseller was reared to manhood under the sturdy discipline of the farm, aiding in the work of clearing" off the native forest and plac- ing the land under cultivation, while his edu- cational advantages were of course limited by the exigencies of time and place, though a naturally alert mentality led him to individual application through which he became a man of broad information and mature judgment, as may be seen from the records which bear the evidence of his wise and impartial decisions while incumbent of the office of justice of the peace, in which he served for a number of years. His political support was given to the Democratic party, and in addition to the office already mentioned he was also called upon to serve as township trustee, ever commanding the unequivocal confidence and esteem of the community and being known as one of the representative citizens and farmers of Canton township. While he was not formally identi- fied with any religious organization, he had the deepest reverence for spiritual verities, and his life was guided and dominated by a deep faith in Christian truth. His wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Stoner, was born in Penn- sylvania in 1824, her sister removing thence to Stark county, Ohio, when she was thirteen years of age, settling in Canton township, where she grew to maturity and where her mar- riage to Mr. Sponseller was solemnized. She was a woman of noble and gracious character, and was loved by all who came within the im- mediate sphere of her influence. She was summoned into eternal rest on the 2d of June, T897. and her life companion, with whom she had walked side by side during the long years of a singularly ideal married life, did not long survive, his death occurring on the 28th of August, 1899. Of this union were born eight children, namely: John H., George W., Sam- 1452 OLD LANDMARKS. uel, William, Mary (the wife of Charles Lehr), David W., Lucy (the wife of Douglas W. Stahl) and August, all of the children sur- viving their loved and honored parents. On the parental homestead, in Canton township, wliere the father located immediately after his marriage, David W. Sponseller was born on the 6th of April, 1861, and there he was reared to man's estate. On the 20th of December, 1884, in Canton township. Mr. Sponseller was united in marriage to Miss Emma Yoder, who was born in this township on the iSth of September, 1865, being a daugh- ter of Samuel S. Yoder, one of the influential farmers of the township. Her mother, whose maiden name was Delilah Deckard, is a daugh- ter of tlie late Daniel Deckard, an honored pioneer of the county. Mr. and Mrs. Spon- seller are the parents of five children, namely : Grover, Hazel, Freda, Russell and Mary. SAMUEL YODER is a native son of the old Buckeye state, having been born on a farm in Milton township, Wayne county, Ohio, on the 17th of September, 1843, being the third in order of birth of the ten children of Eli D. and Nancy (Kapp) Yoder, the former of whom was born in Canton township, this coun- ty, while the latter was a native of Lancaster ■county, Pennsylvania, having passed her girl- hood days on a farm owned by the late Presi- dent James Buchanan, at Wheatland, in the Keystone state. She died in Canton, at the age of seventy-two years, and her husband is still living in that city, having now attained the venerable age of eighty-four years. Of their ten children five are living at the present time. The subject of this review was reared on the parental homestead in Wayne county, where he remained until he was eighteen years of age, having been indebted to the public schools for the educational privileges which he enjoyed in his youth. At the age of eighteen he accom- panied his parents on their removal to Stark county, and here he has ever since maintained his residence, with the exception of one year, which he passed in Wayne county, and he has been consecutively identiiied with agricultural pursuits from his youth up. In his home farm, which is located on section 34, Canton town- ship, are comprised one hundred and thirty- three acres of as arable and prolific land as can be found in this signally favored agri- cultural district, and the place is maintained under a high state of cultivation, while Mr. Yoder has made excellent improvements of a pernjanent nature, including a commodious and attractive residence and other buildings admir- ablv adapted to the uses for which they were erected, the entire place having an air of dis- tinctive thrift and prosperity and "being unmis- takably one of the desirable rural estates of the county. Mr. Yoder is progressive and public- spirited, straightforward and sincere in all the relations of life, and has the high regard of the community in which he lives. In politics he accords an unequivocal allegiance to the Re- publican party, but has never desired official preferment. He and his wife are prominent and valued members of the Evangelical Luther- an church at North Industry, in which he has served as deacon since 1885, and both are active in the promotion of the spiritual and temporal welfare of the church. In Bethlehem township, this county, on the 22d of January, 1874, Mr. Yoder was united in marriage to Miss Mollie Shafifer, who was born in Pike townsliip. Stark county, on the 31st of January, 1848, being a daughter of Adam and Mary (Rosenfelter) Shaffer, both of whom were born in Germany, while both were representatives of sterling pioneer families of Stark county, where their marriage was sol- emnized, after which they located on a farm in Pike township. Mr. Shaffer was killed by lightning while at work in a grist mill, in Can- ton township, being about thirty-five years of CANTON 'AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1453 age at the time. His widow survives, having attained the venerable age of ninety years and being a resident of North Industry. Of her three children Mrs. Yoder was the youngest, and the only one living. To the subject and his estimable wife, a woman of refinement and gracious personality, have been born five chil- dren, namely : Ida O., who is the wife of John Shertzer, of Canton ; Harvey E. and Stella E., who remain at the parental home; Lawrence, who died in infancy ; and Nelson D., who is likewise beneath the home roof. GEORGE STEINMETZ comes of stanch German lineage, as do many others of the sterl- ing citizens of Stark county, whither emigrat- ed from the fatherland many of the sturdy sons of the German empire during the early pioneer epoch, while many others came here from Pennsylvania, where they had been es- tablished for one or more generations. From this source the county has gained much and lost nothing. He was born on his present farm on the 14th of October, 1832, being a son of John Steinmetz, who was born in the province of Morburg, Germany, May 11, 1783, and who was but one year of age at the time when his parents bade adieu to the fatherland and emigrated to America. They settled in Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, whence he later removed to Licking county, Ohio, short- ly after the admission of the Buckeye state to the federal Union, and in 181 8 he came to Stark county and settled on the farm now owned by our subject, the same having been at the time marked by a veritable wilderness, the native timber still standing intact, while the settlers were few and far removed from each other in the average cases. He later took up his residence on the farm now owned by his son Hiram, in the same township, and there passed the remainder of his life, passing to his reward on the 24th of June, 1869, as one of the honored pioneers who had contrib- uted his full quota toward the development of this favored section, w'hile his devoted and cherished wife entered into eternal rest on the 14th of April, 1882. The father belonged to the German Baptist church and the mother to the Disciples, while in politics the father gave his support to the Republican party. ■ The maiden name of the subject's mother was Mary Painter, and she was customarily and aft'ection- ately known by the name of Polly in her fam- ily, which was established in Pennsylvania in an early day, probably prior to the war of the Revolution, her birth having occurred in West- moreland county, that state, on the 14th of October, 1796. Of her marriage with John Steinmetz were born twelve children, of whomi the following eight lived to attain years of maturity: Joseph, Catherine, Louisa, John, Harrison, George, Hiram and Harriet, and of these three are living at the present time. George Steinmetz was reared under the conditions and influences of pioneer life, and has made his home consecutively on the farm which' he now owns and which he has seen developed from the virgin forest to its present condition as one of the most productive, attractive and valuable rural estates in Pike township. He received such educational advantages as were afforded the average farmer boy of the locality and period, and early began to lend his aid in the improvement and cultivation of tlie old homestead, which is now endeared to him by tlie memories and varied associations of the past. He has given his attention to diversified farming and stock-raising and has carried for- ward his efforts with that rare discrimination and progressiveness which render the life of the hu.sbandman anything other than monot- onous and unprolific in definite success. His farm comprises two hundred and fifty-two acres, and upon the same he has erected sub- stantial and attractive, farm buildings, includ- 1454 OLD LANDMARKS ing a residence which figures as one of the beautiful rural homes of the township. In politics the subject gives a stanch sup- port to the principles and policies of the Re- publican party, and is known as a progressive and public-spirited citizen. While he has never sought the honors or emoluments of pub- lic office, he has been called upon to serve in various local positions of trust and responsi- bility and has ever been found signally true to duty in these connections, as has he been in all the relations of life, ever commanding un- measured esteem in the community in which his entire life has been passed. For seventeen years he was connected with the Pike Town- ship Fire Insurance Company. Both Mr. and Mrs. Steinmetz are devoted and valued mem- bers of the Christian church, in which he was baptized at the age of seventeen years, while a similar consecration was received by his wife in 1877. Shortly after becommg a member of the church he was elected a deacon in the church in the village of Sparta, and served acceptably for a term of two years. lie now holds mem- bership in the church of this denomination at Greenridge school house. In Pike township, this county, on the 2d of July, 1S54, Mr. Steinmetz was united in marriage to Miss Mary Ann Apley, who was born on ihe parental homestead in this town- ship, on the 26th of January, 1836, being a daughter of Michael and Sarah (Slabaugh) Apley, the former of whom was born in Adams county, Pennsylvania. They came to Stark county in an early day and first settled in Can- ton township, whence they came to Pike town- ship, where the father developed a farm, upon which both he and his wife passed the re- mainder of their lives. He died in October, 1840, when about fifty-one years of age, while his widow survived until 1875, when she was summoned into eternal rest, at the age of eighty-two years. Of their eight children all but one attained maturity, namely : Elizabeth, Maria, John, Lucinda, Catherine, Melinda and Mary Ann, and of the number three are still living. Mrs. Steinmetz was reared and edu- cated in Pike township and has here passed her entire life, while through her gentle and gracious womanhood she has won the affection of a wide circle of friends in the community, and her home is a favorite resort for them. JOHN A. DONAT is a son of Peter Donat, who was born in Franklin county, Pennsylvania, on the 7th of October, 1805, and there he was reared to the age of fifteen years, having attended the common schools of that locality, and he then accompanied his parents, Jacob and Elizabeth Donat, on their removal to Tuscarawas township. Stark coun- ty, Ohio, where they made their advent in the autumn of 1819, settling in Perry township in the following spring, in the midst of the forest, where his father instituted the herculean task of reclaiming his land to cultivation, hav- ing taken up a tract of one hundred and sixty acres. On this old homestead Peter Donat was reared to maturity, and in this township he continued to be engaged in agricultural pur- suits until his death, becoming the owner of a valuable farm which he had improved through his own efforts, and ever commanding the re- spect and high regard of the community. On the 9tli of March, 1843, '^^ ^'^'^s united in mar- riage to Miss Mary Ann Crossland, who was born in Akron (then known as Middleburg),* Ohio, on the 4th of May, 1826. For nearly a half century this worthy couple walked side by side down the pathway of life, mutually encouraged and aided by the appreciative aiTec- tion and sympathy, and sharing alike the joys and sorrows which no man escapes in this un- intelligible world. Tlie loving and cherished wife and mother entered eternal rest on the 30th of August, 1890, and her venerable com- panion did not long survive her loss, his death CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1455 occurring 011 the 3d of January, 1892. They became the parents of eleven children, namely : Amanda, Lydia S., Hannah, i\nn Eliza, Olivia, Mary Alice, Azariah C, Emma R., Eva C, John A. and Loretta. Of these all are living except four. John A. Donat, the immediate subject of this sketch, was the tenth in order of birth in the above mentioned family of children, and was ushered into the world on the old home- stead in Tuscarawas township, the date of his nativity having been November 11, 1861. He was reared to the sturdy and invigorating dis- cipline of the farm, receiving his educational discipline in the public schools of the town- ship, and he remained at the old homestead until after the death of his parents, when, in the spring of 1892, he located upon his present farm, wdiich is most eligibly situated, in Lake township and wiiich comprises eighty acres of most productive land, the place being well improved and maintained under efifective cul- tivation. Mr. Donat has a thorough knowl- edge of the best methods to be employed in the various departments of the farming enterprise, and his policy is that of a discrnninating and progressive business m£jn. In politics Mr. Donat gives a stanch allegiance to the Denio- cratic party, and he manifests a commenda- ble interest in public affairs of a local nature, contributing to the advancement of legitimate enterprises and measures for the general good. Fraternally he is a valued member of New Ber- lin Grange, Patrons of Husbandry, w'hile his religious faith is that of the Methodist Episco- ])'il church, his affiliation being with the church at Greentown. At Greentown, this county, on the 14th of December, 1892, Mr. Donat was united in marriage to Miss Nettie Grace Shanafelt, who was born in that village on the 22d of July, 1866, a daughter of Henry and Rose Shanafelt. Of tliis happy union were born five children, namely: Peter S., J. Donald, Virgil W. and Mabel R. and Mary E. (twins). The sacred precincts of this home circle, whose conditions were ideal in nature, were invaded by death, on the nth of November, 1901, when the de- voted wife and motlier was summoned to that "undiscovered country from whose bourne no traveler returns." Mrs. Donat was a con- sistent and active member of the Methodist Episcopal church, earnest and devoted in its work and showing her deep Christian faith in thought, word and deed. JOHN BANKER was born in the canton of Berne, Switzerland, on the 8th of August, 1840, being the only son of John and Eliza- beth (Fellman) Banker, both natives of that fair land, where the former died at the age of fort3--five years. In 185 1, husbanding the limited resources at her command, the brave and loyal mother of the subject proceeded to Havre, France, where she embarked for the new world, in company with her seven chil- dren, the eldest of whom was but eleven years of age. After a voyage of forty-two days they disembarked in the city of New York, whence they forthwith came to Ohio, settling at Zoar, Tuscarawas county, where Mrs. Banker was later married to Daniel Schnab, with whom she came to Canton township, Stark county, in 1858, and here passed the residue of her life on a farm, being summoned into eternal rest in the seventy-fifth year of her age. She was a noble Christian woman, brave in the face of trial and adversity and ever devoted to her children, who may well "rise up and call her blessed."' Of the seven children who accompanied her to America we enter the following brief record : Elizabeth became the wife of Jacob Kanzig; Barbara is the wife of Adam Karret, of Perry township, this county; Mary, who was the wife of the late Robert Breil, died at Zoar, Tuscarawas county: Fanny, who became the wife of Chris- 1456 OLD LANDMARKS. tian Tseli, died in Wisconsin; John is the im- mediate subject of this review ; and Rosa is dead. John Banker had attended school as a boy in his native land, and he continued his studies in a desultory way after the family located in Tuscarawas county, this state, where he was reared to manhood. He became dependent upon his own resources at an early age, and from his youth up has been identified with the agricultural industry, having come to Stark county when seventeen years of age, when his mother and step-father removed to this section. Here he continued to be employed at farm work for a number of years, and finally, in 1873, he effected the purchase of his present fine homestead, which is eligibly located in Canton township, and which comprises one hundred and six acres of excellent land, the place being located three and one-half miles from the city of Canton. Mr. Banker has shown a great capacity for "toiling terribly," as was said of an eminent English statesman, and through his earnest and indefatigable efforts he brought about the development of his farm, which is under most effective culti- vation and which has the best of permanent improvements, in the way of a commodious and modern residence and other excellent build- ings, the entire farm giving unmistakable evi- dence of thrift and prosperity. In the midst of the arduous labor and cares of a workaday life, Mr. Banker has never been unmindful of the duties of citizenship, and has shown a deep interest in all that concerns the welfare and progress of his home county, while his support has never been withheld from any enterprise advanced for the public good, though he has never been an aspirant for official preferment. In politics he is stanchly arrayed in support of the principles and policies of the Democratic party, with which he has been identified from the time of attaining his majority. At the outbreak of the war of the Rebellion Mr. Banker manifested his loyalty to the land c his adoption by tendering his services in suj port of the Union. Scarcely had the smok of the rebel guns risen from the battlement of old Fort Sumter when, on the 4th of Sej tember, 1861, he enlisted as a member of Con pany A, Nmeteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantn which was recruited in this county, S. Beatt being the colonel of the regiment. Mr. Banke: in the capacity of '"high private" proceeded t the front with his regiment, which had bee assigned to the Army of the Cumberland, an lie continued in active service for a period of fi: teen months, within which time he participate in the battle of Shiloh and various minor er gageinents, and at the expiration of which, b reason of physical disabilities, he received a honorable discharge. In Canton township, on the 20th of Fet ruar}', 1868, Mr. Banker was united in mai riage to Mrs. Anna Wenger, widow of Josep Wenger. She was a daughter of the late Wil iam Gerber, an honored pioneer of Canto tov.'nship, and here she was reared and edr cated. By her first marriage she became th mother of two children, William H. an Lydia. To Mr. and Mrs. Banker were bor: five children, one of whom died in infanc\ The four who attained years of maturity, an^ who are still living, are as follows : David F who is a representative physician of Canton and Emma L., Newton S. and John C, wh^ remain at tire paternal home. This ideal hom circle was broken by the hand of deat! on the 2 1 St of March, 1902, when the lovei and devoted wife and mother passed for ward to the life eternal, the veil beinj lifted to disclose a new beauty when deatl set its seal upon the mortal lips of this nobl and gentle woman, who held the love o all who knew her. She was sixty-three year of age at the time of her demise, and had loni been a consistent and zealous member of th German Baptist church. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1457 BENJAAIIN FETTERS was born on the old homestead farm, in Pike township, Stark county, on the 7th of August, 1826, being a son of George and Ehzabeth (Wilt) Fetters, both of whom were born in Huntingdon coun- ty, Pennsylvania, of stanch German lineage, both families having been established in the old Kej'stone state in an early period of its history. The paternal grandfather of the sub- ject likewise bore the name of George Fetters, and he was born and reared in Pennsylvana, when, in 181 1, lie emigrated with his family to Ohio and took up his residence on a tract of heavily timbered land in Pike township, Stark county, bending" his energies to the reclamation of his farm and being ably aided in this work by his son and namesake, the father of our subject. The grandfather lived to advanced age and commanded the high regard of all who knew him. In his native county in Penn- sylvania George Fetters, Jr., \\as reared to ma- turity, and there was solemnized his marriage to Elizabeth Wilt. They remained in Ptenn- sylvania until about four years after the re- moval of George P'etters. Sr., to Stark county, their arrival here dating back to about the year 181 5, while they were accompanied by their two children, six others being added to the family circle after the establishing of the home in Pike township. The father took up a tract of one hundred and sixty acres of land, a considerable portion of which he had placed under effective cultivation prior to his death, in 18.45, 'when fifty-eight years of age, while in the meanwhile he had spared neither his strength nor his mental energies in his en- deavors to make the best possible provision for his family, being a man of excellent intel- lect and one of flawless reputation for integrity and sincerity. His widow survived him by many years, and she, too, died in Pike town- ship, at the venerable age of eighty- four, loved for her gentle womanhood and for faithful- ness in all things. Of this union were born 91 five sons and three daughters, Benjamin, sub- ject of this review, having- been the ninth in order of birth and being now the only survivor. His father was a Republican in his political proclivities and his religious faitli was that of the Lutheran churcli, of which his wife also was a devoted member. Benjamin Fetters, whose name initiates this article, was born on the old homestead farm and early became inured to the manifold de- tails involved in reclaiming the land from the forest and making it ready for the plow. He continued to assist his father in the work of the farm until he had attained the age of nine- teen years, having in the meanwhile been ac- corded such educational advantages as ^^ere to be had through a somewhat irregular at- tendance in the primitive district school of the pioneer epoch. How often have we read and heard tlie description of these little log; houses, with their rude equipment of punch- eon floors, slab benches, wide fire-place and windows supplied with oiled paper in lieu of glass, and yet there is ever pleasure in revert- ing to these modest institutions, for from them have come forth some of the grandest charac- ters our republic has produced,- — men of per- haps not recondite knowledge but men whose nobility and strength of character have been adequate to leave a perpetual impress on our nation's history in various avenues of useful- ness. Their diplomas were signed by the great and wise headmaster. Experience, and their accomplishment has often put the blush to the face of presumptions scholasticism. ]\Ir. Fetters ha? been continuously identified with tl:e great basic art of agriculture from his boy- hood to the present, and his entire experience in the line has been practically one of con- secutive identification with Pike township. Here is the owner of a w ell improved and fer- tile farm of one bundled and thirty-five acres, and the same is devoted to diversified agricul- ture and the raising of live stock, though the 1458 OLD LANDMARKS latter is made a subordinate feature of the farming enterprise. He has been a man of marked enterprise and energy and lias achieved a gratifying success through his well directed efforts, being recognized as one of the prosper- ous farmers and thoroughly representative citizens of his native township, in whose ad- vancement and material well being lie has ever manifested a most lively interest. During the war of the Rebellion he was an earnest sup- porter of the Union cause, and for a time was a member of the home guard and prepared for active service when demanded. In politics Mr. Fetters is a stalwart advocate of the prin- ciples of the Republican party, and he has been called upon to serve in many of the minor township offices, while for the long term of twelve years he was continued in tenure of the office of township trustee, which fact indicates better than can mere words that his interposition must have been most satisfactory to hi? con- stituents. For about a score of years he also served as constable, and lie has also labored effectively in the past as a member of the board of school directors. He and his wife have been for many years zealous and devoted members of the German Baptist church, ex- emplifying their faith in their daily life. In Marshall county, Indiana, on the 29th of February, 1859, ^I''- Fetters was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Inzel, who was born in that state, being a daughter of IM. and Elizabeth Inzel^ who died in Indiana. To Mr. and Mrs. Fetters have been born ten children, namely : George, who is a merchant ; Amanda, who is the wife of a !Mr. Buchtel, a farmer ; David, who is in the railroad business ; Will- iam: Ella, who is at home; Mary, who is the wife of Homer Brothers, of Pike township; Phoebe, who is the wife of Ira Peters, of Pike township; Benjamin H., who is at home; James Garfield, who is slate roofing at Canton ; and Amos, who died in infancy. BENEDICT DANNEMILLER.— For many years the subject of this sketch was actively identified with the industrial and commercial interests of Canton and, as a far- sighted, public spirited man, stood foremost among his contemporaries in eastern Ohio. He bore a leading part in the material develop- ment of this part of the state and during his lifetime exercised as great if not greater in- fluence than any other man in directing at- tention to Canton as a safe place for the invest- ment of capital. He was also instrumental in locating here a solid and substantial class of people, and in introducing the general sys- tem of public improvements which, during the last half century, have done so much to make Canton one of the most important industrial and commercial centers in the commonwealth. Mr. Dannemiller was a native of France, born on the 22d day of December, 1813, in the province of Alsace, now a part of the Ger- man empire. He was the second child and oldest son of Benedict and Magdaline (Bechel) Dannemiller, both parents born and reared in Alsace, where the ancestors of their respective families had lived for years beyond the memory of man. Besides Benedict there were seven other children, three sons and four daughters, all of whom, together with their parents, emi- grated to America. While yet a mere boy the subject became ac- quainted with a gentleman by the name of Sharios, who owned and operated a cotton-mill in Alsace, which both young Benedict and his father frequently visited. This Mr. Sharios had ser\-ed under General Lafayette in the American Revolution, and in his old age never tired of relating his interesting experiences and thrilling adventures in that far away, but what he considered one of the most highly favored countries upon which the sun ever shown. He entered the arniey as a private, but for meritorious conduct rose to the rank of CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1459 lieutenant, in which capacity he did val- iant service in the cause of hberty for a people whom he afterwards held in profound esteem. Not infrequently would young Dannemiller and his father dine with the ■old soldier and whenever such was the case the lad was sure to turn the conversation to America, of which country and its wonderful resources he was very anxious to lear.n more than he then knew. These talks with Mr. Sharios, together with the knowledge derived from a couple of books relating to the marvel- ous discoveries of Columbus in the new world, filled the lad's mind with a burning desire not only to learn of the great free land beyond the sea, but to go there as soon as he could arrange his affairs to that end. Quite a number of parties had already left Alsace and settled in various portions of the United States and from certain of these, who had located at a place called Canton, came letters describing at con- siderable length the advantages which awaited the young man with any ambition whatever to succeed in life. Finally, when about seventeen years of age, young Benedict obtained his father's consent to seek his fortune in the new world, and on the 9th day of September, 1830, there was put. into his hands sufficient money to pay his pas- sage to his destination, with a small surplus to meet expenses until he could find employ- ment. Before starting, the father admonished his son to write for money with which to return if the new country failed to meet his expec- tations or if he should at any time become dis- satisfied with his venture so far from kindred and home. On the above date, in company with his uncle, Philip Bechel, Benedict Danne- miller bade adieu to the familiar scenes of his childhood and started upon what proved a long and far-reaching destiny. Embarking at Havre on the American ship "Eric," the two reached their destination on the 4th of November fol- lowing, landing on that day in the city of New York. Shortly after landing young Benedict found, to his no little embarrassment, that he . would not have sufficient money to pay his way further, accordingly he was obliged to borrow a small sum of his uncle to enable him to reach the town of Canton, situated he knew not how far from the sea coast. Leaving New York, they went by way of Albany, Buffalo and Cleve- land and arrived at Canton on the 28th of No- vember, spending nearly twenty-four days on the inland part of the journey. It was while waiting for a canal boat at Cleveland that Mr. Dannemiller earned his first money in this coun- try. A small schooner was being loaded with grain from a warehouse by the wharf and, as help was needed, a man called to young Benedict and putting a shovel into his hands made him understand that his services were re- quired. The lad cheerfully responded and after the boat was loaded the gentleman threw him a small Spanish coin of the value of about eighteen and a half cents. This proved the beginning of his long and eminently success- ful financial career upon American soil. His uncle, Mr. Bechel, was a blacksmith by trade and Mr. Dannemiller had worked in his shop about one year before leaving for the United States. Shortly after reaching Canton the two opened a shop, at the corner of South ^Valnut and Tenth streets, where they worked about one year, changing their location at the expiration of that time to the corner of Fifth and Plum streets. After remaining with his uncle until July, 1834, Mr. Dannemiller, on the 14th day of that month, started a shop of his own and during the ensuing twenty-four years carried on a very successful business, spend- ing twenty-nine years in all as an iron worker in Canton. Mr. Dannemiller and his brother- in-law, Jacob Scheiber, invented and manu- factured a bar-share plow, which had an exten- sive sale throughout northern Ohio and I*^di- ana, and they were also engaged in the manu- facture of farm wagons. 1460 OLD LANDMARKS On the I3tli of August, 1835, Mr. Danne- miller made application in the common pleas court of Stark county, declaring his intention to become a citizen of the United States, and three years later received his final papers enti- tling him to all the rights and privileges for which the term stands. To him the year 1838 was peculiarly eventful in that it not only saw him made a citizen of the Republic, but wit- nessed his marriage, on the 21st day of De- cember, to Miss Barbara Scheiber, who proved his loving companion and faithful helpmeet during the most successful part of his life. Mrs. Dannemiller bore her husband ten children, the oldest and youngest of whom died in infancy, the others were named : Mrs. Clara Deville, William, Mrs. Helena Neuhausel, Augustus, Rosa, Edward, Julius and Mrs. ^lary Mc- Crea. all of whom are living and well settled in life. Mr. Dannemiller cast his first presidential ballot for General Harrison in the famous "log cabin and hard cider" campaign of 1840 and continued to support the old Whig- party until it ceased to exist, when he became a Democrat, and in 1861 became a Lincoln Republican. The beginning of Mr. Dannemiller's re- markable business- career was in the year 1852, when the Pennsylvania railroad was being constructed through Stark county. The first train into Canton created great excitement and its thunderous noise hailed the advent of a new and better era, an era attended with mo- mentous consequences in that it has witnessed a material growth and prosperity of which the wisest and most sanguine of the fathers never imagined. Prior to the advent of the road all the grain raised in this part of the county was hauled to Massillon, or Navarre, these towns being the two most important shipping points on the old Ohio canal. The coming of the road changed this by bringing a fine market nearer home and such far-seeing business men as Mr. Dannemiller were not slow in taking- advantage of the situation. Closing his shop- in 1858 the subject turned, his attention to the- buying and shipping of grain, erecting a ware- house on the lot now occupied by the McLain Manufacturing Company. Disposing of this property subsequently to Mr. Ball, he pur- chased the southeast corner where the Ft. Wayne railroad intersects Eighth street, and erected thereon a much larger warehouse, which is still standing. In this building he- continued the grain business quite extensively for many years and became one of the largest and most successful shippers in this part of the- state. In addition to his operations in grain Mr. Dannemiller soon embarked in other com- mercial enterprises, buying, in June, 1869, the- wholesale grocery house of Thomas Kimball & Bros., whose place of business was the room now used by the United States Express Company. The Kimballs also owned a ware- house on Piedmont street, which passed into the possession of the subject when he made the purchase referred tO' above. When Mr. Danne- miller succeeded the above firm he took in as partners his two sons, William and Augustus, the three founding the well-known and popular wholesale grocery firm of B. Dannemiller &• Sons, the leading establishment of its kind in the city at that time and ever since. After occupying the original quarters three years, the constantly increasing patronage of the firm- necessitated a building of enlarged pro- portions, accordingly the business was moved' to the building on the corner of North Market and East Tuscarawas streets, now occupied by W. E. Homer and the Farmers Bank. As originally constituted the firm lasted until 1 876, at which time the two younger sons, Edward' and Julius, were admitted to partnership, the business the meanwhile continuing to grow in magnitude and importance until it again became- necessary to have a building of sufificient capacity to meet the requirements of the trade. In due time the large and imposing brick build- CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1 46 1 ing on the corner of Fifth and Market streets was erected and when completed it was thought large enough to answer all the purposes of the firm for many years to come. The Danne- millers began handling coffins as a specialty in 1876, and to this line of trade is their success from that year largely due. So rapidly did the business increase that it soon outgrew the ca- pacity of the block on Fifth and Market, thus making another move essential in order to keep pace with the constant demands for the vari- ■ ous lines of goods handled. Accordingly in the spring of 1891, the firm moved into the massive ■five-story brick structure on the corner of Sev- "Cnth and Cherry streets, which is most admir- ably located for wholesale purposes, being in such close proximity to the railroad that cars 'can be loaded and unloaded from one side of the building. The Dannemillers are not only the largest and most important wholesale firms in Canton, "but in the volume of business annually trans- acted the house is second to no other establish- Tnent of the kind in the state, ranking indeed with the leading wholesale houses in the larg- •est cities of the Union. From the beginning the career of the firm has been marked by con- tinued and almost unparallelled prosperity and ■at this time it is not only one of the most suc- cessful partnerships in the country but also one of the oldest. The different members are men of high business qualifications 'and their standing in commercial circles lias made them Avidely and favorably known throughout the United States, especially in Ohio and adjacent commonwealths. April i, 1902, the concern was turned into a stock company of two hun- dred and fifty thousand dollars paid-in cash capital. As a broad-minded, far-seeing man of af- fairs, Benedict Dannemiller had few equals and no superiors. Ripe judgment, scrupulous integrity, with a profound knowledge of busi- tiess and a deep regard for the ethics of com- mercial life, were among the predominant traits which added luster to his name, while his energy and well-defined purposes led him to embark in large enterprises with the assurance of reaping success in the end. His long and il- lustrious career won for him a conspicuous place among the leading business men of his day and the commanding position he occupied in the affairs of his adopted city earned for him a reputation which is now the common heritage of the people with whom he mingled. Feeling the infirmities incident to advancing age and becoming somewhat weary under the weight of the business which he had so long and so ably conducted, Mr. Dannemiller, in 1887, divided among his children his personal and real es- tate and retired to the peace and quiet of pri- vate life. He was reared in the Catholic faith and as long as he lived his life was made to con- form to the sublime teachings and beautiful precepts of the Holy Mother church. During his long residence in Canton he was one of the most active members and liberal supporters of the St. Peter's congregation, having donated large sums of money for the erection of the different church buildings, besides other be- quests of a relig'ious and benevolent character. Mr. Dannemiller's last bequest to his parish was in the form of a large, clear-toned bell, pre- sented in memory of his wife, who for many years was a faithful and devoted communi- cant of the same congregation with which he was identified. This bell was placed in the beautiful tower of St. Peter's church and its sweet tones are like benedictions upon the head of the donor, whose upright walk and conver- sation were instrumental in winning many to the higher life. In all that constitutes sterling manhood and true citizenship, Mr. Dannemiller was a splen- did example. Although of foreigTi birth, he was intensely American, his love for his adopted country being on a par with his affec- tion of family, kindred and friends. While ■1462 OLD LANDMARKS never swerving in his loyalty to the institutions under which he achieved such marked success, he ever retained a warm feeling for the land of his birth and in 1876 it was his privilege to visit the familiar scenes of home and childhood. While there he met a number of his former playmates and companions, but the majority of those whom he had once known were scattered over various parts of the earth or sleeping the last quiet sleep which knows no waking. But few changes, however, had taken place in the general appearance of the old home and sur- roundings when compared with the remark- able changes which he had witnessed after be- coming a resident of a new and rapidly grow- ing country. Mr. Dannemiller was public spirited in all the term implies and, as already stated, used his wealth to a good purpose in improving and beautifying the city of his adoption. The various buildings which he erected and other improvements made at his instance stand as monuments to his enterprising and progressive ideas, while the wholesome influence he exerted among his fellow men is a more enduring epitaph than the most eloquent panegyric carved on marble or granite. Mr. Dannemil- ler's life was fruitful of beneficent re- sults in many ways and when it went out, on the 24th day of April, 1897, the city of Canton lost one of its most estimable and useful citi- zens and the state a broad-minded man of af- fairs, to say nothing of the deep bereavement of his immediate family and the keen personal loss sustained by the many hundreds who called him friend. His life was a shining example of moral rectitude under all circumstances and his career, from the penniless stranger tO' one of the proudest positions in the business and social world, furnishes man}' lessons which may be profitably read by the young and rising genera- tion. He went to his rest as a shock fully ripened for the garner, and while his body quietly sleeps, his influence remains an incentive to noble thoughts and better deeds on the part of those he left behind. HERMAN S. KAUFMAN was born in the family homestead, on South Market street, in what was then the village of Cantoji, on the 31st of March, 1844, being a son of Peter and Catherine (Wiltz) Kaufman, both of whom were born about the year 1800. Peter Kauf- man was born in the western portion of Prus- sia, where he was reared and educated, re- maining in the fatherland until about 1818, when he emigrated to America and took up- his residence in the city of Philadelphia. His father, who passed his entire life in Prussia, served in the army of Napoleon. The father of the subject became a tobacco manufacturer in Philadelphia, and shortly after his mar- riage, which occurred in the year 1822, he re- moved to Pennsylvania, where he remained for the ensuing three yeais, after which he passed one year in Economy, that state. He then came to Ohio and located in Columbiana county, where he resided until 1828, when he came to Canton, which continued to be his home until his death. He here established and was editor and publisher of the Vaterlands Freund unfl Geist der Zeit, the first German newspaper in the town, and he also published an annual almanac which attained high popu- larity in this section of the Union, the same being kno\vn as Peter Kaufman's Western Al- manac. Of his labors in these connections- mention is made in the series of articles by John Danner appearing in this volume. The- names of his paper and almanac are familiar to the old settlers throughout the state. At a later period Mr. Kaufman published Der Deutche in Ohio, a paper with which he con- tinued to be identified until within a short time CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. J 463 prior to Iiis death, \\hich occurred in 1869. The paper ceased publication many years ago. Catherine (Wiltz) Kaufman, the mother of the subject of this sketch, was born in a small town on the Rhine, and her parents were members of the Society of Friends. The fam- ily immigrated to America in 18 16 and settled in Philadelphia, where was solenniized her marriage to Peter Kaufman. She died in Can- ton in 1893, at the venerable age of ninety- four years, while both she and her husband were well known throughout the country and were numbered among the sterling pioneers of Canton. They became the parents of nine children, concerning whom we enter the fol- lowing brief record : Lydia is the widow of Professor Henry J. Nothiiagel and resides in Columbus, Ohio; Herman (first) died at an early age; Walter died at the age of eighteen years; Peter R. was a valiant soldier in the war of the Rebellion and met his death during the siege of Vicksburg; Louisa M. is the widow of Charles Rehlen and resides in East Cleve- land, this state; Alfred died at the age of twenty-seven years; Maria M. is the wife of M. M. Herbst, of Canton; Herman (sec- ond) died in infancy; and Herman S. is the immediate subject of this sketcli. Herman S. Kaufman received his pre- liminary educational training in a private school conducted by Professor Lang, on North Plum street, Canton, said thoroughfare being now known as McKinley avenue. He later became a student in the public schools, and was grad- uated in the high school as a member of the class of 1862. In the spring of that year he tendered his services in defence of the Lfnion, whose integrity was in jeopardy through the rebellion of the southern states. He enlisted as a private in Company I, Eighty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, which was organized at Camp Chase, in Columbus, and the command was thence ordered to West Virginia and as- signed to guard duty in the vicinity of Clarks- burg and Parkersburg. Pie continued in the service until the expiration of his term of en- listment, being mustered out, at Delaware, Ohio, in September, 1862. Mr. Kaufman then returned to Canton, where he was employed in his father's office until the early spring of the following year, w hen he again entered the mil- itary service, in the cjuartermaster's depart- ment, and was on duty in the south for the greater portion of the ye;ir, returning home in December, 1863, after receiving his lionorable discharge. In tlie early part of 1864 he entered upon an apprenticeship at the machinist's trade in the shops of C. Aultman & Company in Can- ton, while in the spring of the same year he became a member of Company C, Ohio Na- tional Guard, which was commanded by Col- onel Ephraim Ball. His command passed three or four months at Tod barracks, in the state capital, being there assigned to guard duty. After his return to Canton he decided to not continue his apprenticeship, and ac- cepted the position of bookkeeper for R. C. Kimball, a merchant of Canton, retaining this position one year, and thereafter he was in- cumbent of various clerical offices for vary- ing intervals. In March, 1867, Mr. Kaufman entered the employ of the Russell Company, one of the leading manufacturing concerns of Massillon, this county, and was there employed as book- keeper for two years, at the expiration of which he went to Cleveland, where he was em- ployed in the Ohio National Bank for a long period of fourteen years, gaining a thorough knowleijge of the business in all its details and rising to a position of responsibility. He then removed to El Paso, Texas, where he remained eight years as cashier of the First National Bank. In 1890 he returned to Canton and became a member of the executive corps of the City National Bank, of which he has been cashier for the past twelve years, his able and discriminating services having proved a potent 1464 OLD LANDMARKS. factor in insuring the Ijuilding up of this soHd and popular financial nistitution, while he is highly esteemed in busmess circles and is rec- ognized as one of the able financiers and rep- resentative citizens of his native place. He has been treasurer of the Canton board of trade for the past eleven years and ever manifests a lively interest hi all that tends to promote the progress and general welfare of the city and ■county. In politics he is an independent Re- publican. He is a member of El Paso Lodge No. 130, Free and Accepted Masons, at til Paso, Texas, and also of El Paso Comma ndery No. 18, Knights Templar. In the city of Cleveland, on the 5th of Oc- tober, 1869, Mr. Kaufman was united in mar- riage to Miss Mary A. Williams, a daughter of Thomas H. and Anna (Bender) Williams, both of whom \\ere born in the state of Vir- ginia, while they were for a number of years residents of Stark county prior to their re- moval to Cleveland, both being now deceased. ]\Irs. Kaufman was born in Ohio, and her edu- cational training was received in the public schools of Massillon. Mr. and Mrs. Kaufman are the parents of four children, all of whom remain beneath the home roof, tiieir names being as follows: Mary Josephine, Alfred William, Charles Augustus and Walter Her- man. JOSEPH S. SAXTON.— In its original forni the family name of the subject was spelled Sexton, but for several generations the name has been used in its present form. The an- cestors of Joseph S. Saxton were originally from England and came to America at a time long prior to the war of the Revolution, but there is no definite knowledge as to where they ■first settled. The most reliable information obtainable w'ould indicate that it was at West- field, Connecticut, as it is of record that George Sexton came to that place from England, and died in 1690. The family name is met with frequently all through the eastern states and it is thouglit that members of this family were among the early settlers of the New England states. The subject's great-grandfather, George Saxton, who lived in Maryland, was married in Frederick county, that state, to Miss Sarah Harlan, of near Frederick, where they both died. Sarah Harlan's great-grandfather was George Harlan and her grandfather was James Harlan. About 1736 or 1740 James Harlan and wife left Chester county, Pennsyl- vania, and settled in Maryland or Virginia. They were members of the Friends church and appear to ha\-e borne a prominent and honor- able part in the settlement of that part of the country in which they resided. James Harlan died in Frederick county, Maryland, and the names of his children were as follows: John, George, James, Jacob, Stephen, Moses, Philip, Elizabeth and Hannah. Of these children, John, the f;ither of IMrs. Sarah Saxton, was born in Chester county, Pennsyh-ania, in 1710. and married ^lartha Ashby. Sarah was born in Frederick county, Maryland, which was aft- erward cut off and named Washington count}'. The descendants of these Harlan ancestors are many and have become scattered through all the states and territories of the Union. They inherited the spirit of venture, perse- verance and enterprise and assisted in the open- ing and settlement of Viiginia, Kentucky, Arkansas, Texas, Indiana, Illinois, ^Missouri. Michigan and many sections of the great west. The name is a familiar one in the public mind, many members of the family having held ex- alted and honorable positions in state and na- tional affairs during many years of our country's history. Among them may be mentioned Hon. John M. Harlan, associate justice of the supreme court of the United States, Major Sellis Har- lan, who lost his life at Blue Lick, Kentucky, in August, T782, and Hon. James Harlan, lor CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1465 many years a representative in congress from Kentucky. It is also a matter of record that several members of this family took part in the strug'gle of the colonies for independence. James Saxton, the grandfather of James S. Saxton, was born February i, 1768, at Freder- ick, Maryland, and upon attaining mature years learned the trade of nail making. In April, 17S5, he removed to Huntingdon, Penn- sylvania, where his death occurred on the 21st of December, 1845 or 1848. He was a man of strong character and was reared in the faith of the Methodist churcli, of which he was long a faithful and consistent member. He was married in Huntingdon, Pennsylvania, in 1 791, to Miss Hannah Ashbaugh, the daughter of William Ashbaugh. She died at Hunting- don July 14, 1822. Their children are briefly mentioned as follows : ( i ) John, born Sep- tember 28, 1792, at Huntingdon, Pennsyl- vania, married, August 3, 181 5, Margaret Laird and died at Canton, April 16, 1871. (2) George, born November 11, 1793, died Sep- tember 22, 1 8 19, at New York city. (3) Re- becca, born December 10, 1795, married Oc- tober 18, 1 83 1, Qiristian Perghtal, and died ■October i, 1865. (4) Ruth, born January 17, 1798, died in March, 1798. (5) Joseph, born March 22, 1799, married Mary Abercrom- bie, and died at Washington, D. C. He acquir- ed great repute as an inventor, scientist and maker of clocks, among the latter being the clock in the tower of Independence Hall, Phil- adelphia, and he was also the maker of United States weights and measures. (6) Penniah, "born September i, 1801, died March 12, 1872 On the 26th of September, 1822, she became the wife of Mordecai Barry, whose death oc- curred July 29, 1823. (7) Wilson Lee, born October 24, 1803, died September 25, 18^ — . (8) James, Jr., born October 4, 1805, died February 7. 1873. He was three times mar- ried, his first wife, to whom he was united December 15, 1828, being Mary Ann Fochler, his second, Catherine Fochler and the third, Emily Brotherline. (9) Joshua, born Decem- ber II, 1807, married, July 15, 1S34, Margaret Hemphill and died February 7, 1890. (10) Catherine, born January 30, 1810, died Febru- ary 27, 1828. (11) William A., born Jan- uary 19, 1817, died July 9, 1895. On the 28th of April, 1859, he was united in marriage with Miss Sarah Abercrombie, whose death oc- curred August 13, 1879. John Saxton, the father of the subject, was reared to manhood in his native place and at- tended the subscription schools of the period. He was of a studious disposition and by close application was enabled to acquire a fair busi- ness education. In youth he commenced to work at the printing trade and in 181 5, ac- companied by his young wife, he came to Can- ton, Ohio, she making the trip on horseback in front of him. Here he established himself in the printing business and issued the first paper ever printed in Canton, it being called the "Repository." He was long and prominently identified with the publishing interests of this city and bore an influential part in many move- ments contributing to the upbuilding of the city and county and the advancement of many of its interests. His death occurred at Canton on the i6th of April, 1871. His wife, whose maiden name was Margaret Laird, was born at Huntingdon. Pennsylvania, December 13, 1792. and passed away March 28, 1858. They were the parents of tiie following children, all born at Canton: James A., born May i, 1812, died March 14, 1887; John L., born November 6, 1817, died July 6, 7836; William, born No- vember 12, 1818, died December 25, same year; Hannah J., born May 13, 1820, and died February 22, 1895 ; slie married Thomas Good- man; George R., born July 3, 1823, died Au- gust 25, 1883; he married Kate B. Shorb; Joshua A., born October 9, 1826, died Octo- ber 10, of the same year; Joseph S., the sub- ject; Thomas W., born October 9, 183 1, and 1466 OLD LANDMARKS died November i, 1884; he married Maria Slanker. Joseph Simmons Saxton was born in an old house on the site where now stands the McKinley hotel, the date of his birth being the 7th of October, 1829. At the age of six years he commenced his education by attendance at a private school taught by Mary Atwood, for which his quarterly tuition was two dollars and a half. The first sessions of this school were held up stairs in a building situated on the east side of the public square. Young Sax- ton was fond of sewing and frequently took such work to school with him, among his work being a patch quilt. He was of a quiet and studi- ous disposition and made good progress in his studies, so that when he quit the school room he had acquired an excellent knowledge of the common English branches. In 1844, in com- pany with his brother James, he embarked in the hardware business, locating in a two-story brick building on East Tuscarawas street owned by F. A. Snyder. Then for four years he was employed as a clerk by his brother. In 1850 the business was removed to South Market street and at that time the subject en- tered the printing office of bis father, who at that time was the editor and published of the Repository. At this time he was but sixteen 3'ears old and by the terms of the contract en- tered into with his father he was to receive a portion of the profits of the business. How- ever, finding that his father needed all the money he could command, young Saxton drew only what money was actually required by him to cover his living expenses, thus proving his filial devotion. There was a book store in con- nection with the printing office and in this the subject also worked at times. He retained his connection with the printing office but one year and then resumed his position as clerk in the hardware store conducted by his brother. In 1856 Conard Schwedges and the subject were admitted as partners in the business and \.w years later the subject and John F. Raynok purchased the stock. They possessed in i eminent degree those qualities so essential ' success and for sixteen years continued tl business with profit, selling out at the end ( that time to Pontius & Essick. Mr. Saxtc next engaged in the fire insurance business, which he later added life insurance, and has sin^ been successfully engaged in these lines. H business transactions have demonstrated fina cial ability of a high order, and his care throughout has been characterized by sour judgment, keen discernment and concentratic of purpose which have enabled him to carry successful issue the enterprises to which h energies have been addressed. On the 7th of October, 1851, Joseph : Saxton was united in marriage with Miss Ha riet A. Banner, sister of John A. Banner, ( Canton. She was born July 15, 1830, and to tl union with the subject have been born the fc lowing children : Anna Laura, born Septen ber 25, 1852, died Becember 23, 1853; Jol M., born July 25, 1857, is tumiarried and hv^ in Pueblo, Colorado ; Charles C, born Januai ig, i860, married, January 19, 1887, Kitt Van Kruren, and also resides at Pueblo, Cc orado; Helen B., born April 8, 1862, was ma ried, October 2.S, 1887, to Apperton H. Ba' pitt; William G., born June 7, 1867, occupii the position of teller in the First Nation Bank of Canton. Religiously Mr. Saxton is a member of tl Presbyterian church and at one time served ; treasurer of the congregation to which he b' longed. Politically he was formerly a Whii but upon the organization of the Republics party he allied himself with it and has sin< been a stalwart supporter of its principles. F has never been an office seeker, but has ev( used his influence to induce his party to plac upon the ticket tlie names of men morally an CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1467 mentally qualified for the positions to be filled. A man of unswerving integrity, his high stand- ing in the community is second to that of no other citizen. NORMAN C. RAFF, of Canton, was born January 29, 1857, in the city of Canton, and is the son of the late Judge George W. Raff. He attended the Union public school, and the Can- ton Academy, graduating from the academy in 1876. He then entered VVooster University, where he was graduated with honors in the class of 1880. While at Wooster he was a member of the Phi Kappi Psi fraternity and of the Irving Literary Society. In his sopho- more year he took what was known as the "Sophomore Prize" and at the end of his junior year he took the second "Junior Prize" for an original declamation, while in his senior year he received first honors as a debater in the col- lege inter-society contest, in addition to taking the honors o'f his class. After graduating he remained at Wooster for several months, as- sisting the grand treasurer of the Ivnights of Honor in managing the business of his office, and in July, 1881, he went to Albuquerque, New Mexico, and took a position as bookkeeper in the Central Bank of that place, owned by Raynolds Brothers. His advancement was so rapid that in less than three years he had risen to the position of cashier. Not long afterwards the Central and First National Banks of Al- buquerque were merged in one, and he was made cashier of the joint concei'n, which bore the name of The First National Bank. In October, 1885, he accompanied his parents and brother on a visit to California, returning to Albuquerque in January, 1886. In April, 1886, he resigned his position as cashier in order to give his attention to several mining interests, which he owned at Kingston, New Mexico, in- tending afterwards to engage in the study of the law, but soon after reaching Kingston he was induced to take the management of the Percha Bank, as cashier. Later, after dispos- ing of his banking interests in New Mexico, Mr. Raff established the Bank of Indian Terri- tory at Guthrie, Oklahoma, at the time that territory was opened to the public by the gov- ernment. This bank was one of the first estab- lishments of the kind in the territory, and of it Mr. Raff was president and practical owner. In 1 89 1 Mr. Raff returned to Canton, and after a short stay in this city went east and became associated with Thomas Edison, the inventor, in connection with some of that gentleman's inventions. This called Mr. Raff to Chicago, where general offices were then located, during the World's Fair year. One year later the offices were removed to New York city. Mr. Raff was at the head of the company which brought out Mr. Edison's kinetoscope, vitascope and other moving picture machines, and which also had much to do with the introduction of Mr. Edison's phonograph. After these ma- chines had been thoroughly introduced and the business fully organized throughout the coun- try, and he had completed the object of his original association with Mr. Edison, Mr. Raff turned over the business and entered into a general bond and high-grade investments busi- ness at No. 63 Wall street, New York city, in which he is still engaged. On the death of his brother, Edward S., Mr. Raff became, under the will, executor of the estate, and frequently is called to Canton to attend to the business in this connection. JAMES H. ELLER is a native of Monroe county, Ohio, and was born at Malaga, Ohio, on the 3d of July, 1838, his parents having devoted the major portion of their lives to ag- ricultural pursuits and having been in moderate circumstances. The subject received only a limited education. He passed his boyhood days in Monroe and Belmont counties, assisting his 1468 OLD LANDMARKS. parents in the farm work and attending the country schools as opportunity afforded, while lie also served an apprenticeship at the car- penter trade. He was preparing to enter edu- cational work in a private school, but turned from this plan in order to assume the higher duties which came with the President's call for volunteers to assist in defending the union against the rebellious South. In the month of August, 1 86 1, in Monroe county, Mr. Eller enlisted, for a term of three years, as a private in Company E, Thirty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, but was promoted to sergeant soon after entering the service, the regiment being in command of Colonel George Crook, who was later made brigadier general of volunteers and who attained distinction through his gallant record in this great fratracidal conflict. The regiment was assigned to the Army of West Virginia, and later on was attached to the Fourteenth Corps of the Army of the Cumber- land and participated in many of the notable and sanguinary engagements of the war. Later on the regiment was detached from the Four- teenth Corps and served the remainder of time in the Eastern Army, the subject having taken part in the battles of Corinth, South Mountain, Antietam, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge and many other engagements of minor importance, while he served as color sergeant in all of the above named engagements, being incumbent of this office at the time of receiving his honor- al)le discharge, at Harper's Ferry, in Septem- ber^ 1864. He was in active service somewhat more than three years and was ever found at I lie post of duty and ever ready to discharge all labors devolving upon him, his record being one which will redound to his credit as long as the nation is mindful of the brave boys in l)]ue through whose efforts its integrity was thus perpetuated. At the close of his military service Mr. Eller returned to Ohio and engaged in con- tracting and building, his principal field of operations in the line being in the counties of Monroe and Belmont, and there he remained until 1884, when he came to Canton and ac- cepted the position of foreman for the Canton Steel Roofing Company, with which concern he remained until the spring of 18S7, when he started in his present line of enterprise on a modest scale, his original place of business being the barn on his residence premises, on East Tuscarawas street. Later he leased ground from the Markling estate and thereon erected temporary shops and in 1891 he pur- chased the site of his present well equipped plant, at the corner of Gibbs and East Fifth streets, where he has succeeded in building up an excellent business and one which is the result of well directed effort on his own part, since his capitalistic investment at the inception of the enterprise was only three hundred dollars. In addition to his business plant Mr. Eller is the owner of an excellent residence property at 1005 West Tuscarawas street, where he has maintained his home for the past six years. He is a stanch Republican in his political proclivities, having been identified with the party from the time of attaining his legal majority, and his religious faith is that of the Methodist Episcopal church, in whose spiritual and temporal work he takes a deep and active interest, being at the present time a member of the board of trustees of the First Methodist Episcopal church of Canton, of which his wife likewise is a devoted member. Fraternally Mr. Eller vitalizes his interest in his old comrades of the Civil war by retaining membership in the Grand Army of the Republic, being identi- fied with McKinley Post No. 25, while he also holds memtership in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. In 1867 Mr. Eller was united in marriage, in Monroe county, to Miss Elizabeth Sloan, who died eighteen months later, and in 1877 he was married to Miss Melissa Claudy, a daughter of Judge Robert Claudy of Somer- CANTON 'AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 14691 ton, Belmont county. One child was born of the first marriage, Martha C, who is now the wife of Ellis Deaver, of Canton. EDWARD J. MEYER was born in Can- ton township, Stark county, on the 9th of April, 1858, being a son of Joseph and Cather- ine A. (Meyer) Meyer, the former of whom died at the age of fifty-eight years, while the latter is still living in Canton, venerable in years and loved and revered by a wide circle of friends. In the memoir of the honored fa- ther of the subject, appearing on other pages of this work, is incorporated most interesting genealogical data, and to this sketch we would refer the reader for information patently ger- mane to the personal career of our subject. Joseph Meyer passed his entire life in Stark county, though he completed his educational discipline in Emmittsburg College, Maryland, in which state his father had been an influential citizen prior to his emigration to Ohio. He devoted his entire life to agricultural pursuits in Stark county, owning fifteen hundred acres of land and maintaining the active supervision of this large estate, which he devoted to diversi- fied farming and to the raising of high-grade stock, including fine horses, so that the subject early became familiar with the line of indus- trial enterprise in which he has attained so marked precedence. Edward J. Meyer secured his preliminary educational discipline in the public schools and thereafter continued his studies in the college at Louisville, this county, while in 1871 he was matriculated in his father's alma mater, Em- mittsburg College, Maryland, where he re- mained three years. That the best of ad- vantages were afforded him in the pursuit of his education is thus certain, while he supple- mented the training secured at Emmittsburg by entering Dufif's Commercial College, at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, where he completed the prescribed course and was duly graduated' as a member of the class of 1S76, being thus well fortified for the practical duties and re- sponsibilities of life. After leaving school Mr. Meyer located on a farm on the Fulton road, west of Canton, where he made his home for a period of three years, at the expiration of which he effected the purchase of the Meyer's- Lake property, two miles northwest of Canton, said property having been a portion of the landed estate of his grandfather, in whose^ honor the lake was named. When the subject assumed control of the property the lake, though of ample dimensions, was lacking in attractiveness, being surrounded by marshy banks and being little more than a stagnant pond. He at once set himself to the task of improving the shore, removing the tangled and decayed vegetation from the bed of the lake, and developing it into an attractive sheet of water. Here he erected the Lakeview hotel, and transformed the property into a most idyllic summer resort, and one whose attrac- tions have been greatly appreciated by the peo- ple of Canton, from which city thousands go- each year for a day or season of recreation and rest. It was largely due to the efforts of Mr. Meyer that the lines of the electric street car system of Canton were extended to this popular resort, thus rendering it easily accessible, and that at a cost within the means of even the poorest individuals, so that from a humanitar- ian standpoint, aside from personal enterprise, his labors proved singularly effective. Mr. Meyer conducted the resort most successfully for an interval of four years and then disposed of the property. In 1883 he purchased his present magnificent estate, which comprises three hundred acres of most productive land, the major portion of V\'hich is available for cultivation, though he, as a matter of course, utilizes many acres in connection with the breeding of his horses, in which line he con- ducts business upon a very extensive scale. 1470 OLD LANDMARKS. This farm was likewise a portion of his grand- father's estate, and at the time our subject pur- chased it was the property ot his brother Henry. In 1889 J\Ir. Meyer erected his large and finely equipped training station, the same being one hundred and fifty feet in length and eighty feet in width, in the extreme measures, while it is two stories in height and surmounted in the center by a fine tower, which rises to a height of sixty feet. The building is semi- Gothic in architectural style, and was designed throughout by Mr. Meyer, while it is doubtful whether there is a finer structure of the sort in the Union. The barn proper is encircled by a covered track, practically enclosed within the building and a tenth of a mile in length, the same being for training- purposes during the winter months and in inclement weather, while a short distance in the rear of the stables is a fine half-mile track, which is one of the best private tracks known to western turfdom. Mr. Meyer is an enthusiastic horseman, and there are few, if any, better judges of the good points in the noble animal to whose breeding he has so sriccessfully given his attention. He was the owner of "Black Cloud," the fastest Mam- brino stallion in the world, with a record of 2:17^. Concerning the more notable horses on this fine farm a decade ago, a publication issued at that time spoke as follows : "Black Cloud" was purchased and taken from Kentucky to Michigan by General Custer, and after the death of the General was the object of prolonged litiga- tion. He made his record of 2:1714 in the great cham- pion stallion race in Chicago in 1882. Another noted horse owned by Mr. Meyer is the famous "Bud Crooke" with a pacing record of 2 :isH- He is the fastest pacing entire son of "George Wilkes," and the third fastest entire son in the world of the mightiest stallion the world ever knew. "Bud Crooke's" sire, "George Wilkes," held a world record (2 :22) ; "Bud Crooke" holds a world record, and "Bud Crooke's" son "Hontas Crooke," holds a world record — something never be- fore known in the history of horses — three world's records held by one breed of horses. Another stallion with a running record of 1 :44i4 is "Wanba." He was bred by Charles W. Bradley, of Richmond, Kentucky. Mr. Meyer also has upon his farm the great-great- granddaughter of the horse his grandfather rode to Starli county from Baltimore, Maryland, in 1S17, when he came west to purchase his land, for which he paid eleven dollars per acre. The horses have been kept and bred on the farm ever since, and are very high- spirited and fine anirrials. The training barn is undoubt- edly one of the best, if not the best, in the country. There is nothing lacking, and in some departments the barn is almost palatial. Under a large oak tree stand- ing near the residence of Mr. Meyer, Beaver Cap, the famous chief of the Wyandottes, at one time had his cabin. A large spring rises out of the earth near the tree. Prior to going into the trotting and pacing horse breeding, he bred and raced runners, among which were Emma Abbott, Wanba, Seymour, What Not, and many others which became noted on the turf. ]\Ir. Meyer, together with his brother, George W., and iVis sisters, Mrs. John Blake and Celeste, gave twenty acres of land in the incorporate limits of Can- ton for the site of the present magnificent plant of the Deuber-Hampden Watch Manufacturing Company, which was indeed a donation of magnitude and incalculable advantage to Can- ton. Among the other interests and properties acquired by Mr. Meyer was the Yohe Hotel, one of the old and well-known hotels in Canton, situated on the corner of Korth Market and Third streets, which he purchased in March, 1903. He at once began remodeling the prop- erty and transformed it into a first-class, up-to- date hotel. This hotel he re-named the St. Edward. The hotel has sixty rooms, with all modern improvements, such as elevator, steam heat, and electric lights. The hotel has a fine collection of oil paintings, being the only hotel in Canton to boast of anything of the kind. Mr. Meyer is a man of fine administrative ability and business sagacity, as if evident from the pronounced success vvhich has attended his efiforts, and he is regarded as one of the repre- sentative horse-breeders of the Union and as one of the most influential and successful busi- ness men of Stark coiintv, while his course has CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1471 ever been ordered along the undeflecting line of integrity and honor, so that he has retained the confidence and high regard of all who know him. In politics he gives a stanch allegiance to the Democratic party. He \\as twice nominated by his party for the office of county commis- sioner and also for county treasurer. He is thoroughly public-spirited in his attitude and all worthy enterprises projected for the con- servation of the best interests of his county and state are certain to receive his earnest co-oper- ation and support. Fraternally he is identified with the Canton I.x)dge No. 68, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, in Canton. Upon his farm Mr. Meyer has one of the most spacious and beautiful residences in this sec- tion of tlie state, tiie house being constructed of brick and being thoroughly modern in all its appointments, though its nucleus is the resi- dence erected by his paternal grandfather in 1822, the place then being one of the finest in the state, as is it now under its modernized form. On the 2ist of December, 1881, Mr. Meyer was united in marriage to Miss Helen C. Pat- ton, who was born in Canton, being a daughter of Thomas Patton, who was likewise born in this city when it was a mere pioneer hamlet, his parents having been numbered among its first settlers. He was for many years prom- inently engaged in the mercantile business in Canton, where he passed the evening of his life in retirement from active labors, his death oc- curring in T898. Mr. and Mrs. Meyer have one son, Joseph E. PRESTON HOPPES was born Septem- ber 29, 1847, s"cl is a son of William and Sarah (Lee) Hoppes, of whose nine children six still survive, namely : Mary, whose home is in Alliance, where she still enjoys a life of single blessedness; Adeline, also unmarried and likewise a resident of Alliance; Rebecca, wife of Samuel B. Tea ; Valeria, widow of William Fitzpatrick, with her home also in Alliance; Preston, whose life career will be further detailed in this brief record, and Louisa, who is the wife of William Busby, of this, Washington, township. Those de- ceased are Abigail, who died, aged forty-eight years, in 1900, and William H., who was shot in the Civil war. William Lloppes, the father of the above named family, was born in Berks county, Pennsylvania, in i8o8i a son of Jacob Hoppes, a very prominent farmer of his community and also a veteran of the war of 1812. William Hoppes was reared to the blacksmith's trade in Berks county, Pennsylvania, where he worked until 1841, when he came to Stark county, Ohio, and located on what is now known as the Richard Lee farm, but which was then the property of Mr. Hoppes" father- in-law, and worked at his trade in connection with farming about, one year. In 1842 he pur- chased the present Hoppes homestead, which is now owned by Preston Hoppes' two maiden sisters. Soon after makmg this purchase Mr. Hoppes erected a modern dwelling, in which he resided until his death, which occurred in his ninety-third year, in the faith of the Lutheran church and in politics a Republican. He was one of the best known horse dealers in his section of the cour.try, as he entered into the trade in the pioneer days and drove his animals through to the Eastern markets until the advent of railroads, which he utilized until his seventy-fifth year. Mrs. Sarah (Lee) Hoppes was born in Berks county, Pennsylvania, about 1S14, and was a daughter of Jeremiah Lee, who was dis- tantly connected with the Lincoln family and the ancestors of Gen. Robert E. Lee. With the family of Daniel Boone, grandfather Lee and Richard and William Hoppes walked all 1472 OLD LANDMARKS the way from Pennsylvania to Stark county, Ohio; they then returned to the Keystone state, but came back to Ohio in covered wagons with their famihes, in 1841, and made per- manent settlement. Here the mother died at the age of sixty- four years, in 1878. Preston Hoppes was reared to agriculture in the home place and acquired his education in a structure now used by him as a wagon shed. He continued to work during the sum- mer seasons on this farm until within four years of his marriage, during which period he worked on a railroad. In 1874 he was joined in matrimou)' with Miss Louisa Maudrue, who was born in Maximo, Ohio, a daughter of Jo- seph Maudrue, whose life record is given in full on another page of this work. After his marriage Preston Hoppes settled on his pres- ent farm, which was then the property of hi? father and which comprises sixty-nine acres, besides which he owns a farm of thirty-eight acres three miles to the west. ]\Irs. Louisa (Maudrue) Hoppes passed away in 1884, the mother of two children, Lucius J. and Bertha. Lucius J. is married to Zula Hoiles, who has borne him two children, William and Leonard, while Bertha is still single and resides with her father, who remains a widower. The father and Lucius J. are now farming the old homestead, while the daughter manages the household. Lucius J. Hoppes was one of the brave boys who volunteered for the Spanish-American war and served in Cuba with Company K, Eighth Ohio Infantry. That the martial spirit pervaded is also shown by the fact that William H. Hoppes, a brother of Preston Hoppes, served in Company K, One Hundred and Tenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and lost his life in the battle of the Wilderness. Mr. Hoppes and his son Lucius are Republicans in politics, but neither has ever sought an office. The family hold a very high position socially, and the name is honored wherever it is known. MRS. CAROLINE JANE McCUL- LOUGH EVERHARD was born at Massil- lon, Ohio, September 14, 1843. Her Scotch-Irish ancestors on the paternal side settled in the latter part of the eighteenth century in that part of eastern Ohio which is now Jefferson county. They were large landholders, taking a prominent part in the development of the commercial interests in that section, in municipal affairs and in church organization. Her father, Thomas McCul- lough, a trusted associate and lifelong friend of James Duncan, the founder of Massillon, came to the infant place in 1838. In 1840 he was married to Nancy Warriner Melendy, of English ancestr}-, of the Perry family, from near Brattleboro, Vermont. A most cultivated woman, she was firm in her faith and adher- ence to the principles which have so unfailingly and distinctively marked our Puritan ancestors. The daughter, who early manifested the de- cided and distinctive traits of a strong charac- ter, was fortunate in having the careful guid- ance of a wise and thoughtful mother, most conscientious and conservative, with the high ideals, pure and lofty motives which notably characterized the New England mothers. Hence it may be that, although Ohio born and bred, Mrs. Everhard seemed, in her life and character, to hold a place side by side with the foremost of New England's noble women, yet she had that broad charity and liberality of thought which is claimed as a development of the western life. She inherited in large meas- ure the sturdy traits of her parents, which made ■ their lives such an influence in the commercial, religious and social life of Massillon in its early formative period, where they were among the pioneers. After completing the course of in- struction in the Alassillon high school under the foremost educators of the state, she was- placed in Brooke Hall, Media, Pennsylvania, Miss M. L. Eastman principal, graduating vale- dictorian in 1862. November 7, 1865, in St.- c^. /k r^^. ■S^'C^A^ G2-cJ^-^t>4i.j^--y^ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1473 Timothy's Episcopal church of Massillon, she was married to Henry Hewit Everhard. To them were born tliree children — Ethel Rebecca (Mrs. Charles A. Schmettau, of Toledo), Mel- ville McCullough (located at Massillon) and Marion (Mrs. S. B. Johns, of Brooklyn, New York). A devoted mother, her children were given her personal care and training. No pains or labor were spared, no sacrifice was too great to aid in their development. An ardent student, to her the companionship of books was very real, and the accumulation of her large and val- uable library was as the gathering of friends. Fond of travel, her published letters were filled with vivid description and most entertaining incident. She was one of the founders of the U. C. D. Club and was always active and in- terested in the work of the literary or study clubs of the town. By special request she served for several years on the examining board for teachers. Her withdrawal from the board called forth many expressions of regret. Her mother died in 1877. The loss of a brother in early life left her an only child, and at the death of her father, in 1885, she assumed much of the care and responsibility of the inherited estate and was chosen to fill positions that he had occupied. She was the first woman to be made a bank director in the state of Ohio. In 1886 she was appointed by the judge of the court of common pleas trustee of the Charity Rotch School to fill the vacancy caused by the death of her father, the first instance in Ohio' of the appointment of a woman to a place of trust that required bond. She was made presi- dent of the board and served in that capacity until her death. She was also appointed by the court a member of the visiting board of the public institutions of the county, including the jail, infirmary and children's home. With her keen sense of justice she was an enthusiastic worker for equal suft'rage. She organized the Equal Rights Society in Massillon and Canton, and was an active worker in the state and na- tional associations. She served for some years as president of the Ohio Woman Suffrage As- sociatiem. It was principally due to her efforts,, assisted by Mrs. Katherine B. Claypole, as sec- retary, that the school suffrage was secured for women in Ohio. As an officer of the national association she appeared during their conven- tions at Washington before the congressional committee appointed to consider the question of equal suffrage. A fine parliamentarian, a woman of commanding presence, she presided with grace and dignity. She was prompt and accurate in the conduct of business, just and considerate in the treatment of her co-laborers and always a popular officer. She was vice- president of the board of trustees of the McCly- monds Public Library from the time of its or- ganization. Her trained mind and cultivated literary taste made her a valuable member also of the book committee. As president of the ^^'oman's Cemetery Association she gave much time to the fm^therance of that work. From childhood an ardent friend of dumb animals, she promoted the work of the Massillon Hu- mane Society, of which she was an efiicient offi- cer from its beginning. Her earnestness and enthusiasm were an incentive and inspiration to others. Naturally a reformer, she was ever ready and anxious to right wrongs ; a humani- tarian in her efforts to help the oppressed and strengthen the weak. Called to public work beyond her strength, she entered upon it as a duty, labored most conscientiously, striving eminently to be just, consistent and firm in her con\'iction that in the home, the church and the state man and woman should work side by side. Her death, April 14, 1902, after a short illness, was felt to be a public calamity. She was a woman of marked individuality, keen insight, ready wit ; a strong personality, with untiring- energy, intolerant of deceit or meanness ; an earnest seeker for truth and light, accepting no 92 H74 OLD LANDMARKS dogmas, inculcating morals founded on prin- ciple not superstition, combining with strength and force of ch.aracter a touching love of nature and tender humanity. JACOB M. HOWENSTINE.— The sub- ject's parents, George and Christina (Sicka- foose) Howenstine, were both natives of Penn- sylvania, the former having been born in Franklin county and the latter in Westmore- land county. Both were of stanch German lineage, the respective families having been identified with the history of the old Keystone state from the early colonial epoch. After their marriage the parents removed from Pennsylvania to Ohio, and in 1823 they took up their abode on the farm now owned by our subject, the same being then covered with the native timber and bearing slight semblance to its present condition, as one of the finely im- proved farms of one of the most attractive sections of a great state. These worthy folk here continued to reside during the remainder of their long and useful lives. The mother of the subject died when nearly eighty years of age, and her husband passed away in his eighty- ninth year, both having died on the old home- stead. j\Ir. Howenstine was a Republican in his political proclivities and both he and his wife held the faith of the J\Iethodist Episcopal church. They became the parents of nine chil- dren, of whom si.x were living at the time of the father's death, namely: William S., de- ceased ; John S. ; Margaret, who became the Avife of Christian Henry, died in Indiana ; Catherine is the widow of Jesse Hissim, and re- sides in South Whitley, Indiana ; Harriet, who became the wife of S. P. W'ilson, died near Louisville, this county; Samuel S., Sarah and Lyman are deceased; and Jacob M. is the im- mediate subject of this review. Jacob M. Howenstine, whose name initiates this sketch, was born on the farm where he now lives, on sections 1 1 and 12, Pike township, on the 8th of December, 1851. and here he was reared to maturity, being indebted to the dis- trict schools for the early educational ad- vantages which were his, while he wa.Kcd strong in physical vigor in assisting in the work of the farm, to which he began to con- tribute his quota while a mere boy. At Sparta, Pike township, on the 6th of October, 1872, Mr. Howenstine was united in marriage to Miss Alice Sanford, who was born in Illinois, on the 4th of June, 1853, being a daughter of James and Jane (Russell) Sanford, 1x)th of whom are living. To the union of the subject and his estimable wife has been born one son. Homer C, who is now at home. Mr. Howenstine is essentially public- spirited in bis attitude, and has ever shown a lively interest in all that has touched the gen- eral welfare and in political matters he is stanchly arrayed in support of the Republi- can party. That he holds the high regard of the people of his native township is evident when we revert to the fact that for eight con- secutive years he was incumbent of the office of township trustee, in which capacity he did much to further the legitimate improvement of public utilities in the township and county. In the autumn of 1895 he was elected a mem- ber of the directorate of the county infirmary, of which position he was incumbent for two terms, having been chosen as his own successor in the autumn of 1898. His interest in educa- tion has been of a hel]jful order, and for fifteen years he has been a most progressive and efii- cient member of the board of education of Pike township, while lie has been chair- man of this body since 1899. He is a member of tlie Methodist Episcopal church, to whose spiritual and temporal work lie con- tributes liberally in a financial way and also by personal influence and active interposition, his wife likewise being a member of the church. Fraternally he is identified with the Junior CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1475 Order of United American Mechanics, of which he has been an ofificer in the state council of Ohio, and he also holds membership in J. C. Luper Tent No. 49, Knights of the Maccabees, at Sparta. The fine farm of Mr. Howenstine comprises one hundred and nineteen acres, is devoted to diversitied farming and stock grow- ing, and is equipped with an attractive and sub- stantial residence and other excellent buildings, everything about the homestead being kept in the best of repair and order, and the opera- tions being conducted according to those scien- tific principles and true business methods which have as great potency in this line of industry as in any other field of human endeavor and -achievement. ALFRED P. YOUNG was born on the paternal homestead, in Pike township, on the ^th of October, 1847, being the fifth in order ■of birth of the ten children — eight sons and two daughters — of George J. and Harriet ( Parker) ^'oung, wdio took up their residence on a farm in this township shortly after their marriage, and here passed the remainder of their lives, retaining the respect and esteem of all who knew them. The father attained the age of seventy-seven years, his wife ha^-ing preceded him into eternal rest, her death occurring at the age of sixty-four. George J. Young was a man of sterling character, industrious and energetic and endowed with excellent adminis- trative ability, so that he not only improved a good farm and brought the saine under a high state of cultivation, but was also able to so manage his affairs as to attain a high degree of prosperity. He was a Republican in his political faith and both he and his wife were consistent members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Of their children nine are living at at the present time. Alfred P. Young was reared on the old liomestead, early becoming inured to the lalxirs of field and meadow and gaining that practi- cal knowledge of methods and agricultural economics which has enabled him to make a definite success of the noble and basic voca- tion of husbandry. He recei\'ed his early edu- cational training in the public schools of the locality and period, and made good use of the advantages thus afforded him, thus laying a secure foundation upon which to rear the su- perstructure under the direction of that wise headmaster, Experience. He gave evidence of the intrinsic loyalty and patriotism of his na- ture at the time of th.e war of the Rebellion, when at the age of eighteen years, in Febru- ary, i860, lie enlisted as a private in Company F, One Hundred and Eighty-fourth Ohio Vol- unteer Infantry, with which he served until the close of the war, the regiment going to the front and being assigned to the Army of the East, under command of General Thomas. After victory had crowned the Union arms and the perpetuity of the nation was assured he re- ceived his honorable discharge, at Nashville, Tennessee, whence he returned to his home in Pike township and prepared to win the vic- tories which peace ever has in store, — victories no less renowned than those of war, if the same fidelity to duty be manifest. Mr. Young re- tains an active interest in his old comrades in arms, whose ranks are so swiftly being deci- mated by the one invincible foe, death, and is a member of B. T. Steiner Post No. 511, Grand Army of the Republic, at Pierce. In Pike township, on the 28th of December, 1869. Mr. Young was united in marriage to Miss Jane Buchman, a daughter of Henry and Mary (Whitehead) Buchman, honored pio- neers of Pike townsliip, where the death of each occurred. Mrs. Young was born on the parental farmstead, in this township, on the 26th of September, 1850, and was here reared and educated, being a woman of kindl}' and gracious presence and one who has proved a true helpmeet to her husband. Tliey became 1476 OLD LANDMARKS the parents of two sons, Edward H., who is now at Canton, and Homer, who died in child- hood. The home farm of the subject com- prises sixty-nine acres of most fertile land, and its productivity is maintained at the high- est standard, through the discriminating meth- ods employed in its cultivation, while the per- manent improvements are of the best order, bespeaking thrift and progressiveness on the part of the owner. In politics Mr. Young has ever accorded a stanch allegiance to the Republican party, and has been an active worker in its ranks, while recognition of his peculiar eligibility for positions of public trust and responsibility has led to his consecutive retention in the oflice of township trustee since 1895, a fact whose sig- nificance is prima facia, showing the confidence and regard in which he is held in his native township and the satisfactory character of his administration of official duties. Fraternally he is identified with J. C. Luper Tent No. 49, Knights of the Maccabees, at Pierce, and also with the Junior Order of United American Mechanics. ■» « » " GEORGE VV. HINES was born on the 23d of January. 1S40, his birth taking place in Pike township. Stark county, Ohio. His father, Washington Hines, was born in York, York county, Pennsylvania, July 4, 181 1. His mother, whose maiden name was Christina J. Hockensmith, was also a native of the Keystone state, having been born near the banks of the beautiful and far-famed Juniata river, in 181 5. Subsequently they remo\ed with their respec- tive families to Stark county, Ohio, and there, about 1837, they were united in marriage. Shortly after this event the young couple set- tled in Pike township, this county, and there passed the rest of their lives. Washington Hines passed away in October, 1883, and his wife in September, 1894. They were the par- ents of eleven children, of whom the subject was the second in the order of birth. The subject was reared upon tlie home farm and is indebted to the common schools for his mental discipline, receiving a fairly good education. He was of a studious dis- position and attained a sufficient proficiency tO' entitle him to a teacher's certificate, after ob- taining which he taught one term of school in 1869-70. Mr. Hines learned the carpenter's trade and followed that occupation for about nineteen years. He was a careful and con- scientious workman and was constantly kept busily employed in the building line. With the exception of his carpenter work Mr. Hines has all his life followed the pursuit of agricul- ture and his entire life thus far has been spent in Pike township. That he stands high in the estimation of the citizens of his locality is evi- denced by the fact that for the long period of fifteen years he held the office of justice of the peace, administering the affairs in a thor- oughly impartial and satisfactory manner. He- has ever taken a deep interest in educational matters and for nine years served on the board of education. He has also held a commission as notary public since 1897. During the later months of the war of the Rebellion, when the result seemed to be hang- ing in the balance, ]\Ir. Hines volunteered his services to aid in the suppression of the in- surrection, enlisting, in 1864, in Company F, One Hundred and Sixty-second Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry. The term of his service was four nionths, but, though the period was comparatively brief, yet in that short time Mr. Hines saw some arduous service and nobly bore his share of the hardships and privations which were a soldier's lot, having at last the satisfaction of feeling that his efforts had not been altogether in vain, but that once more- Old GTory waved over a reunited people and liberty, in its- fullest sense, was an established', fact. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1477 Mr. Hines' farm consists of fifty-nine acres -of as good and productive land as can be found in Pike township. He believes thoroughly in the dignity of his calling antl spares neither time nor expense in keeping his place in every re- spect up to a high standard of excellence. His improvements in the way of buildings, fences and other accessories of an up-to-date farm bespeak the presence of an intelligent and wide- awake farmer, whde his induence as a citizen, interested in whatever is calculated to promote the material interests of the community, marked him as public spirited in all the ternt implies. In Pike township, November 7, 1869, Mr. Hines was united in the holy bonds of matri- mony with Miss Jane M. Steiner, a daughter of the late Jacob and Elizabeth Steiner. Mrs. Hines is a native of Pennsylvania, having been born in W'estmoreland county. She is a lady of wide reading, marked intelligence and force of character and has proven to her husband a helpmate in the truest sense of the word. JOHN SCHRANTZ.— The ancestors of the subject have been numbered among the sturdy German emigrants \vho gave so great impetus to the industrial de\elopment and civic progress of the old KcA'stone state. His fa- ther, Michael Schrantz, was born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, where he was reared to the age of sixteen years, when he drove a tean> to Stark county. He married Miss Sarah Moh- ler, in 1840, who was likewise a native of that county. Here Michael Schrantz reclaimed and improved the farm and continued his residence liere until 1880, when he removed to a farm in Jackson township, where both he and liis wife passed the residue of their lives, honored ;by all who knew them and distinguished for those attributes of character which make for strong and noble manhood and womanhood. The father died at the age of sixty-eight years and his widow lived to attain the age of seven- ty, both having been dexoted members of the German IBaptist church. They became the parents of nine children, of whom the subject of this review was the eighth in order of birth, and of the number one son and one daughter are still living. John Schrantz was born on the farm which is now his home, the date of his nativity hav- ing been September 18, 1854, and it is inter- esting to here record the fact that this place has continuously been his home during his en- tire lifetime. He grew to manhood under the sturdy and invigorating discipline of the farm, finding the work and experience of value to liim in more ways than one, while he has never faltered in his allegiance to the noble art of husbandry, of whose independence and \'italiz- ing powers he has been fully appreciative. His fine farm comprises sixty-six acres, is main- tained under effective cultivation, is improved with excellent buildings, good fences, etc., and gives unmistakable evidences of thrift and pros- perity. Mr. Schrantz has not confined his interest to the forwarding of his own success merely, but has ever been known as thoroughly public- spirited in his attitude. He has been a stanch adherent of the Democratic party, in whose cause he has taken an active interest. In 1898 he was elected to the office of township trustee, and that his efforts in the connection met with popular approval and endorsement was sig- nificantly shown in his re-election to the office in the spring of 1902, so that he is now in- cumbent of the same. He also served one term as township assessor, whose somewhat delicate functions he exercises with that discrimination and fairness which forbade antagonism, while he was for many years a member of the school board of Lake township, also serving in this capacity in Plain township, his interest in edu- cational affairs having been insistent and con- stant. He is a member of the New Berlin 1478 OLD LANDMARKS. Grange, Patrons of Husbandry, wliile he and his wife are prominent in tlie social life of the community, having a host of warm friends, to whom the hospitality of their pleasant home is ever extended. In the city of Canton, on the 6th of August, 1876, Mr. Schrantz was united in marriage to Miss Catherine Good, who was born in Plain township, this county, on the loth of May, 1858, a daughter of Abraham and Elizabeth (Witwer) Good, both natives of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, where their marriage was solemnized and whence they came to Ohio about the year 1848 and located on a farm in Plain township, this county, where the father devoted the remainder of his life to agricultural pursuits, being one of the honored citizens of the community. He died on the i8th of June, 1877, ^t the age of fifty-six years, his widow being now seventy-nine years old. They be- came the parents of thirteen children, of whom six are yet living, Mrs. Schrantz having been the seventh in order of birth. To the subject and wife have been Ixjrn six children, namely : Olivia, who is the wife of Hiram Wehl, of Lake township. Stark county, Ohio ; Ira, w4io died at the age of ten years ; and Pearl, Grover, Florence and Claude, who remain at the par- ental home. HON. JOHNSON SHERRICK.— Among Canton's prominent citizens, few, if any, have had a more active and successful career than lias the Hon. Johnson Sherrick, who is a native son of old Stark, and who for over thirty years has been closely identified with the com- mercial, financial and public interests of this city. Mr. Sherrick was born on a farm near the city of Canton, on August 28, 1841, the son of Christian and Mary (Danforth) Sher- rick. His grandfather was John, a native of Washington county, Maryland, and who was one of the pioneers of Stark county. He mar- ried, in his native state, Nancy Wyant, and with his family came to Ohio in 18 16, settling in Stark county, near the present city of Can- ton. Christian, father of the subject, was born in Washington county, Maryland, on Novem- ber 8, 18] 2, and was but four years of age when his parents made the long and tedious journey from [Maryland through Pennsylvania into Stark county. He remained with his fa- ther in Stark county until 1839, when he went to Dayton, Ohio, and engaged in packet canal boating between Dayton and Cincinnati ; he also visited New Orleans, spending a winter in the .south. In the fall of 1840 he married Mary Danforth, of Hamilton, Ohio, and soon afterwards returned to Stark county. He then located on one of his father's farms, where he resided for two years, and then removed to the old Sherrick homestead. In 1873 ^^^ retired from active life, and removing to Canton, re- sided here until his death, in 1892. His wife died in 1866. Seven children were born to Christian and ]\Iary Sherrick, as follows : Johnson, the subject; Louisa married Charles Spangler, of Stark county; Joseph died at the age of twenty-four years; Elvina, unmarried; Jacob D. resides in Seattle, Washington ; Ida married W. J. Hartzell. resides at Ballard, Washington, and Ahvyn B., who resides in- Canton. Johnson Sherrick was educated in the com- mon schools, attending the Canton high school, and taught schixjl during several winters. In 1863 he engaged in business in St. Louis, Mis- souri, but a short time thereafter he enlisted in the marine service of the federal govern- ment, and was detailed for duty on a govern- ment transport. He was discharged from ser- vice after a severe spell of sickness for disabil- ity, and returning to Stark county he taught school in 1S65. During the years 1866 and 1867, he held a position in the hardware stores of C. C. Snyder, at Canton, Miller & Byers, at Wooster, Ohio, and Whitnev & Gaines, at: CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1479 Loudonville, Ohio. In 1870, together with Louis Miller, he engaged in the hardware busi- ness in Canton. Four years later Mr. Miller sold his interest in this business to D. D. Mil- ler, of Wooster, Mr. Sherrick's father-in-law, but about eight years after he purchased his father-in-law's business and conducted the busi- ness himself under his own name until 1887, when he formed the Canton Hardware Com- pany, which was corporated with Mr. Sher- rick as president and treasurer. This position he held until January, 1903, when he retired from the business. This company is one of the largest in the hardware line in northern Ohio, and will remain as a monument to the industry, enterprise and fine business ability of its found- ers. For a number of years Mr. Sherrick has been prominent in financial and banking cir- cles in Canton. He was for several years vice- president of the City National Bank, and m 1890 he was elected president of the First National Bank, a position he held until his resignation. He is still largely interested and a member of the board of directors of this bank, which is one of the strongest institutions of the city. He was one of the founders of the Nye Manufacturing Company, and was presi- dent of that company for a length of time. He was also one of the founders of the Canton Pottery Company. He served as a director of the Board of Trade of Canton for many years^. In 1873 Mr. Sherrick was elected from Stark county as a member of the Ohio legisla- ture, being the first Democrat elected from the county jn many years. He was re-elected in 1875 ^"r^ CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1481 figured in tiie early history of Maryland. Mis father, Henry Everhard, of German lineage, Avas born in the former commonwealth, and served with distinction in the war of 1812. ^^''hen a young man he married Rebecca, daugh- ter of Daniel Slanker, a nati\e of INIaryland and a man of considerable prominence in his ■day. The family moved to Stark county, Ohio, where Mrs. Everhard died on August 18, 1866. Mr. Everhard operated for a time the grist mills north of Canton, formerly owned by his father and known as the Everhard Mills. Henry Hewit Everhard was Ijorn on a farm, about six miles north of Massillon, ]\Iarch 15, 1837. He received his preliminary education in the district school of his neigh- borhood, and in the Massillon high school, and later he prepared for and entered Kenyon Col- lege, of Gambier, Ohio, which course was cut short by the breaking out of the Civil war. Feel- ing it his duty to go to the defense of his coun- tr)', he entered service as a private. Company E, One Hundred and Fourth Ohio \ olunteer Infantry, July 24, 1862. He was promoted to first sergeant July 30,' 1862, commissioned first lieutenant October 17, 1863, and captain Sep- tember 14, 1864. The regiment organized at Camp Massillon, Ohio, and immediately moved into the field of active service, the war de- ])artment noting the regiment as having been in o\-er fifty operations, skirmishes, sieges and battles, the most prominent engagements being the siege of Knoxville, Tennessee, the cam- paign against Atlanta, Georgia, the battles of Franklin and Nashville, Tennessee, and was jiiustered out of service June 12. 1865. During Mr. Everhard's military career, Avhich included the most important vears of the Avar, he saw much active service, but was for- tunate in escaping injury or capture, and was not absent from duty a single day on account of illness or disability. He left his company with the good will of his men and the confidence and esteem of his superior officers. Immediately after the close of the war Air. Everhard returned to Massillon and engaged with Warthorst & Company in developing the' large stone quarries previously opened by the firm. \Vith the exception of about four years, during which time he opened a quarry south- west of Massillon, and conducted a wholesale grocery business in the city, he has been identi- fied with the Warthorst quarries. The firm has been lately dissolved, and the business reor- ganized and incorporated as The Everhard Company, of which Mr. Everhard is the presi- dent and chief stockholder. The company's business consists in the manufacture of grind- stones, block antl_ dimension stone, furnace dried sand, pressed facing brick, and hollowr rod drilling and prospecting- machinery, em- ploys one hundred and fifty to two hundred men daily and its tonnage of annual shipments is very large. Mr. Everhard is known in finan- cial circles as a stockholder and vice-president of the Union National Bank of Massillon. November 7, 1865. Mr. Everhard married Caroline McCullough, daughter of Thomas McCullough, one of the founders of the city of ]\[assiIlon. Three ciiildren were born to them. Ethel Rebecca, Melville McCullough and Marion. Mrs. Everhard died April 14, 1902. Mr. E\-erharcl is represented by his fellow citizens as a man in every way worthy of the high measure of esteem which he commands, and that his character and integrity are above reproach is generally conceded in the com- munity in the alYairs of which he has borne such an active part. Firmness and tenacity of purpose are among his most pronounced char- acteristics. His standard of conduct has al- ways been high, and to the bgst of his ability he has endeavored to realize in his own career the ideal man and citizen. As soldier, business man, or in social circles his life has been an ex- ample of the wisest and best in American man- hood. 1482 OLD LANDMARKS. AZARIAH C. DONAT, who is a suc- cessful farmer and representative citizen of Lake township, Stark county, was born on the old homestead farm in Tuscarawas township, this county, on the 19th of October, 1855, being the eldest son of Peter and Mary Ann (Crossland) Donat, the former of whom was born in Franklin county, Pennsylvania, on the 7th of October, 1805, while the latter was born in Akron (then known as Middleburg), Sum- mit county, Ohio, on the 4th of May, 1826. In the autumn of the year 1819 Peter Donat, who was then a lad of fourteen years, accom- panied his parents, Jacob and Elizabeth Donat, on their remox'al from the old Keystone state to Ohio, and in the following spring they set- tled on a tract of heavily timbered land in Tuscarawas township, this county, where the grandparents of our subject passed the re- mainder of their lives, and there also did their son Peter assume the responsibilities of carry- ing forward the improvement of the old home farm, developing the same into a valuable prop- erty and making the best of improvements, so that in the old home, so hallowed with the memories and associations of the past, he reared his children to lives of usefulness and honoi, being ever of good repute among men and true to every responsibility which canopied his life. Leal and loyal, strong in his convictions, never sacrificing conscience on the altar of per- sonal expediency, this noble pioneer lived a "godly, religious and sober life," and was gathered to his father in the fullness of time, his death occurring on the homestead where he had passed so great a portion of his davs, on the 30th of August, 1890. "He rests from his labors, and his works do follow him." His devoted and cherished wife, who had lieen a true helpmeet to him from the time of their marriage, on the 9th of March, 1843, until the seal of death was placed upon his mortal lips, did 111)1 long survive him, since she was summoned into eternal rest on the 3(1 of Jan- uary, 1892. Standing in the pure light of lives and characters like these, we can not be moved to a spirit of reverence, nor can we fail to real- ize the spiritual consistency of the merging of the finite lives into the transcendent glory of the infinite, for theirs was the faith which makes faithful and greater consecration could not be than this. Both were active and zeal- ous members of the Reformed church, exempli- fying their Christian faith in their daily walks and in all the relations of life. This worthy couple became the parents of two sons and nine daughters, whose naities, in order of birth, are as follows : Amanda, Lydia A., Hannah, Ann Eliza, Olivia, Azariah C, Emma, Eva, John A. and Loretta. Of this number all are living save four. Azariah C. Donat was reared to maturity on the old homestead, in Tuscarawas township, and. being the elder tA the two sons, he early began to contribute his quota to the work of the farm, while his educational discipline was received in the public schools of the vicinity. He continued at the parental home until the time of his marriage, which occurred in Sugar Creek township, this county, on th nth of No- vember, 1880, when he was united to Miss Eleanor S. Kaylor, who was born in that town- ship on the 23d of July, 1863, being a daugh- ter of Daniel M. and Mary (White) Kaylor, honored pioneers of Stark county, where the latter died on the 24th of January, 1886, her husband surviving until September i, 1896. The subject and his wife are the parents of three children, Mary L., Claude K. and Helen,. all of whom remain at the parental home. After his marriage the subject located on a farm in Sugar Creek township, and to its cultivation he devoted his attention from the fall of 1880 until the spring of 1884, when he took up his residence on his present fine home- stead, in Lake township. The place has a com- modious modern residence and other excellent liuildings, is under a liigh state of cultivation^ CANTON 'AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1483. and on every hand shows the care bestowed by a progressive and scientific farmer. I'he homestead comprises one hundred and sixty acres and is one of the model farms of this favored section of the sta e. The family oc- cupy a place of prominence in the social life of the community, where their friends are in number as their acquaintances, and the subject and his wife are devoted members of the Metb.odist Episcopal church, in whose work they take an active interest. In politics Mr. Donat gives his allegiance to the Democratic party, but he has never sought the honors or emoluments of public office. ELIAS HIMEBAUGH.— As the name im- plies, Mr. Himebaugh is of stanch German ex- traction in the agnatic line, though the family has for several generations been identified with American interests, the original representatives in this country having settled in Pennsylvania in the early pioneer epoch. He is a son of Ab- raham and Adeline (Reed) Himebaugh. His father is now a resident of Portage. He was the eldest of their eight children, and of the number six are living at the present time. Elias Himebaugh was born in Portage county, Ohio, November 23, 1861, and was reared to the age of thirteen years in his native county, where his father was engaged in farming, and there he secured his rudimentary education in the district schools. The family then removed to the vicinity of Cuyahoga Falls, Summit coun- ty, and there our subject remained until he was nineteen years of age, assisting in the farm work and attending the public schools as op- portunity ofifered. Thereafter he resided in Portage county about four years, and on the i6th of October, 1S83, when twenty-two years of age, he was united in marriage to Miss Amanda C. Schreiner, who was born in Green township, Sunim.it county, being a daughter of Michael and Almira (Smith) Schreiner, both of whom are now deceased. After his marriage Mr. Himebaugh resided in Summit county, being there engaged in the dairy busi- ness, and in the spring of 1896 he came to Stark county and took up his residence in Uniontown, where he associated himself with his brother- in-law, M. Schreiner, in his present line of en- terprise, in which his efforts have been attended with excellent success, for he has brought ta bear marked energy and discrimination and has maintained the highest policy of business in- tegrity in all his transactions, so that he has gained the unqualified confidence and esteem of all who know him, while he is ably seconded by his partner, who is likewise a capable and straightforward business man. In the manu- facturing of apple-butter and jellies he utilizes a device of his own invention and secures a product of such superiority that he can not supply the demand placed upon him in this department, while he has secured a patent on the invention mentioned and the same is de- stined to come into very general use, as it sim- plifies the process of manufacture and insures better results than can be secured by any other method as yet employed. In politics Mr. Himebaugh is a stalwart supporter of the Dem- ocratic party, though he has never sought official preferment of any order, and both he and his wife are zealous members of the Re- formed church, in whose \\ork they take an active part. They have no children. LEWIS E. DOUGHERTY, M. D., is a nati\-e son of the Buckeye state, having been born in the town where he now makes his home, on the 28th of August, 1853, and being a son of the late Dr. James E. Dougherty, who was born in Beaver county, Pennsylvania, whence he came to Stark county in 1849, locat- ing in Grcentown, where he attained distinc- tion in his profession and won the affectionate resfard of the manv in whose homes his kindly 1484 OLD LANDMARKS. and helpful ministrations were accorded. He was consecutively engaged in practice in Green- town from 1849 until 1885, in which latter year, as candidate on the Republican ticket, he was elected to the office of recorder of Stark county, an incumbency \\hich he retained for a period of six years, during which he. as a matter of course, was a resident of the city of Canton, the county seat. He died in that city, on the 24th of March, 1894, having had a wide acquaintanceship throughout this sec- tion of the state and having ever held the un- cjualified confidence and esteem of all who knew him. while his record as an official was one of the same ability and fidelity that characterized his work in his profession. He was a stalwart supporter of the Republican party and its prin- ciples, while he was a devoted and consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal church from his boyhood until the hour came when the veil of the life eternal was lifted for him, as death set its seal upon his mortal lips. He was superintendent of the Sunday school when but sixteen years of age, and in later years was in- cumbent of various other offices in the church. His wife, Vi'hose maiden name was Angeline Gorgas, is likewise a native of Pennsyh'ania, having been born in Lebanon county, and she still resides in Canton, where she has a wide cir- cle of devoted friends and where she is a valuetl member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Of her seven children, of whom our subject was the second in order of birth, four are living. Dr. Lewis E. Dougherty was reared in his native town and here he has ever maintained his home, while the prestige he has secured in his profession is the more noteworthy from the fact that it has been gained in the community Avhere every step of his career has been watched ;\nd known by the people who have been familiar with his life history from his youth up. After attending the public schools of Green- town, he entered ihe seminary at Greensburg, Summit county, this state, where he continued his studies for a time, as did he later at Mount Union College, near Alliance, Stark county. Aft- er completing his more purely literary education he began the work of technical preparation for liis chosen profession by taking up the reading of medicine under the effective preceptorship of his honored father, and eventually he was matriculated in the Columbus Medical College, in the capital city of the state, where he was graduated as a member of the class of 1879, receiving his degree of Doctor of Medicine and coming forth specially well equipped for the work of the profession, since his instruc- tion from the start had been of the most scrupulously careful and painstaking order, his father constantly advising him as to his work, and encouraging him in his efforts, so that his ambition was -quickened to the utmost. After his graduation he was favored in becomihg as- sociated with his father in practice, and he thus continued until the latter's removal to the city of Canton, when he practically succeeded to the large and representative practice which had been built up by his father during the long years of his active and eft'ective work in this place. It is to the credit of our subject that he was able to maintain the prestige of the name, notwithstanding his youth, and he has ever held the confidence and high esteem of those to whom he has ministered, and his suc- cess is based upon the sure foundation of broad and exact knowledge and the power of making decisive and practical application of the .same. He is a close and appreciative student and keeps in close touch with the advances made in the sciences of medicine and surgery, having always at hand the best standard and periodical litera- ture pertaining to his profession, and also find- ing much of inspiration and aid through his membership in the Northeastern Ohio ]\IedicaI Association. In politics the Doctor is a stanch adherent of the Republican party and fraternally CANTON 'AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1485; he is identified with the Indepaident Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of the Macca- bees. On the 3d of July, 1879, in Summit county, Ohio, Dr. Dougherty was united in marriage to Miss Clara Hart, who was born in that county, being a daughter of Benjamin and I^Iary Hart., and of this union two children were born, — James B., who is preparing for the medical profession, and Ervin G., who is to study dentistry. Mrs. Dougherty was sum- moned into eternal rest on the 12th of December, 1886, ha\ing been a woman of gracious and noble character, and a dexoted member of the Methodist Episcopal church. In the city of Canton, on the 14th of June, 1892, the Doctor was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Gritilith, who was born in Durham, England, whence she came to America with her parents in her girlhood. Dr. and Mrs. Dougherty have one son, Lewis E., Jr. The family home is one of the most attractive in the village and is a center of refined hospitality. !\nLTON M. BAUER, M. D., was born in the village of Loyal Oak, Summit county, Ohio, on the 4th of June, 1853, being a son of John J. and Catherine (Everhard) Bauer, who are natives of Pennsylvania and Ohio, respec- tivel}-. and both of whom are living, the father having devoted his life principally to tanning and farming, and having been one of the hon- ored and intluential citizens of Summit county, where both he and his wife have resided forty years. They became the parents of seven chil- dren, of whom the Doctor was the second in order of birth, and of the number four sons and one daughter are living at the present time, all being well established in life. John J. Bauer is of stanch German lineage, as the name implies, and the family was founded in Penn- sylvania many years ago, while from the old Keystone state it has sent representatives into the most diverse sections of the Union. Dr. Bauer passed his youth in his native town, where he received his early educational train- ing in the public schools, and he was for a number of years identified with the tanning business there, while later he was successfully engaged in teaching school for a portion of the time during an interval of seven years, show- ing that he had duly profited by the scholastic privileges which had been accorded him, for in the meanwhile he had continued his studies in the National Normal University, at Lebanon, this state, where he thus became specially eligi- ble for pedagogic work. He was there grad- uated as a member of the class of 1876, having to a large extent depended upon his own exer- tions in defraying the expenses of his college course, as did he later in the prosecution of his technical studies in preparing for the work of his chosen profession. Soon after being graduated in the normal school he began read- ing medicine under effective preceptorage, and was finally matriculated in the Long Island Hospital College, in Brooklyn, New York, where he completed a thorough and exacting course of study, having the best of incidental advantages in the matter of clinical work and experience, and he was duly graduated as a member of the class of 1880, receiving his diploma in June of that year and also the- coveted title of Doctor of Medicine. Soon after his graduation Dr. Bauer came to L'nion- town. Stark county, and here established him- self in practice, duly displaying his "shingle" and preparing to serve his novitiate. This, however, proved of very brief order, since popular recognition of his abilities and his gracious personality were not long denied, and here he has remained in continuous practice to the present time, and he now controls an essen- tially representative business, being the family physician in many of the leading homes of this locality and enjoying the highest measure of esteem and good will in the community where- I486 OLD LANDMARKS he has Hved and labored to so goodly ends. He is always ready to respond to calls upon his time and professional attention, even at dis- tinct personal sacrifice and discomfort, for he holds that his profession involves a duty from which no worthy devotee of the same can con- sistently shrink. Dr. Bauer is a valued member of the Ohio State JMedical Society and the Cleveland Medical Society, while, as previously noted, he has been president of the North- eastern Ohio Medical Association. He takes a deep interest in the work and the delibera- tions of each of these bodies, realizing the practical value of interchanging ideas and profiting by the experiences of others. Fra- ternally he is identified with the Knights of the Maccabees, being a member of Union Tent No. 158, in his home village. In politics the Doctor accords a stanch allegiance to the Dem- ocratic party, and he and his wife hold mem- bership in the Evangelical Lutheran church, in whose work they take an active interest. In Uniontown, on the 19th of September, 1888, Dr. Bauer was united in marriage to Miss Caroline Schoner, who was born in Lake township, this county, being a daughter of the late Henry and Saloma Schoner, who were hon- ored pioneers of this section of the county, where her father devoted the active years of his life to agricultural pursuits. Dr. and Mrs. Bauer have one son, Paul Emerson, who was born on the 8th of December, 1892. REV. FREDERICK KELLER comes of stanch German lineage in the agnatic line, and also on the maternal side, both families having long been identified with the annals of Ameri- can history. He was born in the village of Bellevue, Huron count)\ Ohio, on the 27th of January, 1863, bing a son of Rev. Eli Keller, D. D., who has been a clergyman of the Re- formed church since the year T855 and who is prominent in its councils, as has he been in the active and fruitful work of the ministry. He is now a resident of Allentown, Pennsylvania, and his is the good fortune to still have the companionship of his loved and devoted wife, whose maiden name was Emma J. Hoffeditz. To them were born eight children, of whom six are living at the present time, while the subject of this sketch was the fourth in order of birth. While he was a mere child his parents removed to Lehigh county, Pennsylvania, where he passed his youthful days and Avhere he secured his preliminary educational discipline in the public schools, later supplementing this by a course of study in Ursinus College, a church in- stitution at Collegeville, near the city of Phila- delphia, Pennsylvania. He was there gradu- ated as a member of the class of 1883, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Arts. In the mean- while Mr. Keller had decided to follow in the footsteps of his honored father and prepare himself for the ministry of the Reformed church, in whose faith he had been carefully reared and of which he had been deeply appre- ciative from his youth up. He accordingly began his technical study by being matriculated in the theological seininary of Heidelberg Col- lege, at Tiflin, Ohio, one of the leading insti- tutions maintained under the direct auspices of the Reformed church in America, and he was there graduated as a member of the class of 1886 and being ordained to the ministry in May, 1886. He was engaged in home mission work for four years, the field of his labors during this time being principally in the state of Kansas, and he then returned to Ohio, where he filled various pastoral charges prior to 1898. when he came to Hartville as pastor of the church here. He has done much to vitalize the work of the church here, both along spiritual and temporal lines, being a forceful and convincing speaker, his every utterance bearing the impress of sincerity and convic- tion, while he is known as a man of ripe scholar- ship and as one endowed with marked executive CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1487 and administrative ability, so that he is well equipped for exercising all the functions of his high calling. The church has a membership of about two hundred individuals, and its affairs are in a prosperous condition, while the pastor has the zealous co-operation of his flock and can not but feel that his lines are cast in pleas- ant places. He is an earnest and indefatigable worker, is of gracious and genial presence and hold the respect and good will of all sorts and conditions of men. In politics he gives his allegiance to the Republican party. On the iQth of October, 1886, at Tiffin, this state, was solemnized Ihe marriage of Mr. Keller to Miss Anna Lecrone, who was born in that county (Seneca) being a daughter of Benjamin Lecrone, an honored and influential citizen of that section, and of this union three children have been l)orn, namely : Bertha, Howard and Ralph. LORENZO CROCKER is a native of Summit county, Ohio, having laeen born on a farm in .Springfield township, on the 3d of l\Iarch, 1849, and being- a son of Myron and Lydia Crocker, both of whom died in that ■county, where the father devoted his active life to farming, being one of the lionored citizens and pioneers of the locality. Lorenzo Crocker was reared to maturity in his native county, early becoming inured to the sturdy work of the farm and securing his educational training in tlie district schools. As a young man he served an apprenticeship at the carpenter trade, and when twenty years of age he came to Stark county, where he was engaged in the work of his trade for a period of thirteen years, at the expiration of whicli he established himself in the sawmill business in the village of New Baltimore, also operating a cider-mill in season, and there he continued to reside for nearly a score of years, being one of the prominent and honored business men of the place. In 1899 Mr. Crocker came to Hartville, and here he has established himself in a profitable business, operating a feed mill, saw mill and cider mill, and also dealing in grain, and through good management and honorable dealing each de- partment of his enterprise has been placed on a paying basis, while he has been given distinctive marks of public confidence and esteem, as is evident when we advert to tlie fact that for two years he served as clerk of Marlboro town- ship, within the time of his residence in New Baltimore, while in the spring of 1902 he -yvas elected to the oflice of justice of the peace in Hartville. He takes an active interest in pub- lic affairs of a local nature and is one of the stanch advocates of the principles and policies of the Democratic party, in whose support he has been arrayed from the time of attaining his legal majority. On the loth of December, 1874, in Portage county, this state, Mr. Crocker was united in marriage to Miss Louisa Ba^ighman, who was born in Summit county, being the daughter of James Baughman, one of the sterling pioneers of that county. The subject and his wife have no children. IRVIN O. GOETZ, as the name implies,, comes of stanch German ancestry, though the family i:ame is one which has been for several generations identified with the annals of the American republic. He was born in the village of Hartville, Stark county, on the 9th of Jan- uary, 1868, being a son of Henry and Mary (Agnex) Goetz, both of whom still maintain their home in this village, being held in the highest esteem by all who know them and being entitled to consideration as pioneer residents of the place. Of their five children three are liv- ing at the present time, and he to whom this sketch is dedicated was the fourth in order of birth. He received his preliminary educational discipline in the public schools of his native vil- 1488 OLD LANDMARKS lage, and supplemented the same by a course of study in the Ohio Business University, in the city of Cleveland, where he gained that technical training which has proved of so great value to him in his active business career. After leaving the institution mentioned he was for seven years employed as bookkeeper for his uncle, John Goetz, who is engaged in the mill- ing business in the city mentioned, and later he was himself engaged in the grocery busi- ness in Cleveland for a period of about three years. In the spring of 1900 he returned to Hartville, where he associated himself with Dallas Keller in the establishing of their pres- ent enterprise, and its growth has been most gratifying, while through fair and honorable dealing and scrupulous care in the handling of all details of the business, the firm have gained the implicit confidence and esteem of the community. The store is well equijiped and is supplied with a select and compreliensive line of general merchandise, while no effort is spared to cater to the most exacting demands of the many and appreciative patrons of the es- tablishment. Mr. Goetz is thoroughly public- spirited in his attitude, and whate\er is pro- jected for the best interests of the village or the community at large is certain to receive his cordial support. In politics he has been a stanch adherent of the Democratic party from the time of attaining his legal majority, and his religious faith is that of the Reformed church, of which Mrs. Goetz is likewise a devoted mem- ber, while Ijoth .ire [irominent in the social life of the community. On the 1 2th of September, 1893, Mr. Goetz was united in marriage to Miss Jennie Shana- felt. who was born in Portage county, Ohio, l)e- ing- a daughter of Levi Shanafelt. an influential citizen of that county. The subject and his wife have a pleasant home in Hartville, and the same is a center of cordial and gracious hos- pitality. DR. PERKINS WALLACE, son of George and Harriet Menough Wallace, was born at Burton, near the site of the present city of Cle\eland, July 18, 1808. His father went from Acworth, New Hampshire, in 1795, to Youngstown, Ohio. Perkins Wallace was the youngest of four children. He moved with his parents to Cle\eland in 18 10, and from there to Brandywine Mills, Ohio, in 1814. Dr. \\'allace attended the Cincinnati Medical College, study- ing under Dr. Gross, then Professor Gross, who became deeply interested in him then and remained a warm personal friend until his death, coming to Ohio twice to urge Dr. Wallace to enter into partnership with him in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Dr. Wallace was graduated from Cincinnati in the spring of 1S34. On July 21 of this same year, at Canton, Ohio, he married Rebekah, daughter of William and Elizabeth Seabury Fisk Raynolds, in the Raynolds homestead, on South Market street. They resided for a time at Massillon, then Akron, but finally returned to Canton in Octo- ber, 1847, and there Dr. Wallace passed away Julv 18, 1868, in the home where they were married. In his medical practice in Canton Dr. Wal- lace was associated with Dr. Bonfield and later Dr. Matthews. He was thorough, exact, pains- taking, careful, just and sympathetic, all of which are distinctive traits of the Wallace char- acter. He excelled in diagnosis, and was quick to see and prompt to act. He was devotedly attached to his profession, was an enthusiast in it, and was readily acknowledged as one of the leading physicians of the state. Dr. Wallace was eminently public spirited; he was active in the organization of the public schools and for years was a member of the board of directors. He was largely instru- mental in securing thorough, college-bred teachers who gave to the school labor and abilitv which made for them a reputation they fe^ CANTON "AND STARK COUNTY/ OHIO. 1489 have since sustained. In every public effort both Dr. and Mrs. Wallace were active, earnest workers. As an old-Hne Whig and ardent Re- publican Dr. Wallace was an interested student of political history. With the intuitions of a statesman and the wisdom of a .seer, he fol- lowed the events of the Civil war. He was a loyal citizen, an eminent physician, a man of learning and rare culture. JOHN B. KAGEY is the second of four children born to Jacob and Sarah (Berlin) Kagey, natives of Ohio, the former born in Columbiana county and the latter in Stark county. Three of the four children are living, namely : William H., who is engaged in the grocery business at Louisville; John B., of this review, and Ira E., who is a farmer of Nim- ishillen township. John B. Kagey was born in Nimishillen township, Stark county, Ohio, July 14, 1 87 1, and until seventeen years old lived with the parents, meanwhile acquiring a good education in the district schools. As a student he was studious and diligent and by close ap- plication made such advancement in his studies that at the above age he was able to pass suc- cessfully the required examination and secure a teacher's license. Young Kagey began his career as an educator in 1888, and during the ensuing five years taught in the schools of his native county, devoting the summer seasons to manual labor on the home farm. He achieved signal success as an instructor and had he seen fit to continue in the profession there is no doubt that in due time he would have become one of the distinguished educators of this part of the state. His ambition, how- ever, to become an active factor in the world of affairs, led him to choose another than tho educational field in which to rise, consequently in 1893 he abandoned the school room and, in partnership with his brother William H., bought the grocery store in Louisville owned 94 by Joseph Lesh, going in debt for his share of the purchase price., It is needless to state that this enterprise proved successful, as the fact is l^atent to every inhabitant of the town and it is also mere repetition to say that it was the real beginning of the subject's remarkable career as an energetic, far-sighted business man. In 1897 Mr. Kagey was appointed post- master of Louisville and is still the incumbent of that office. Shortly after entering upon the discharge of his official duties he sold his in- terest in the grocery business to his brother and a few months later opened a clothing store which in due time became one of the most thriv- ing mercantile establishments in the county outside the cities of Canton and Massillon. By carefully studying the demands of the trade and catering to the popular taste in the mat- ter of raiment he built up an extensive patron- age and his familiarity with every detail of the business enabled him to buy and sell so as to realize profits which soon placed him on the high road to fortune. In 1900 he turned his attention to another field of endeavor by pur- chasing of John L. Warstler the Champion Tile Works at Louisville. A few months later he bought at public sale the plant of the Empire Clay Company and combining the two estab- lishments found himself at the head of an in- dustrial enterprise which in point of continued growth and rapid gain in public favor has few if any parallels in the history of the country's manufacturing interests. In fact, the series of successes which have marked the career of the business since Mr. Kagey took possession and assumed practical management has been little less than phenomenal, as it has risen from a comparatively modest beginning to a leading place among similar enterprises throughout the state. The high reputation achieved by the products of the establishment has caused it to become widely known in industrial circles, not only in Ohio but in a number of other states and to supply the constantly growing demand I490 OLD LANDMARKS. a large force of workmen is required. Mr. Kagey gives especial attention to the mann- facture of hollow building block and other arti- cles of similar character, their high order of excellence being the plant's most successful ad- vertisement. For the making of these various products Mr. Kagey has not only one of the largest but in every respect one of the best equipped establishments of the kind in the United States, the different departments being as complete as the most advanced mechanical research can make them, while none but effi- cient and thoroughly reliable workmen are em- ployed, the present force averaging thirty to forty for every working day in the year. In the management of the large business the proprietor exhibits a high order of executive talent, clear insight, mastery of detail and a ripeness of judgment on all matters connected with the plant locally and in relating to the public with which he. deals. Contributing by. his enterprise and progressive methods to the material and industrial growth of his town and county and occupying a prominent station among the successful manufacturers of the state, he is regarded as a representative citizen in e\'ery sense of the term and as a man whose influence has done more tlian that of any other individual of his age to give stability and tone to the thriving community with the history of which he has been so actively identified. Mr. Kagey was married February 18, 1893, to Miss Leora Warstler, of Louisville, daugli- ter of John L. and Harriet Warstler, the union being blessed with two children, Marion C. and Zola C. In politics Mr. Kagey is a Republi- can but the claims of his business has been such as to preclude a very active participation in political or public affairs. As a good citizen, however, he keeps in touch with the leading- questions before the people, votes his principles intelligently -and expresses his opinions as one who arrives at conclusions only after mature deliberation. Mr. Kagey's fraternal relations are represented by the Masonic order, Junior Order of United American Mechanics and Knights of the Maccabees, belonging to Juilliard Lodge No. 460, Louisville, Council No. 152 and Louisville Tent No. 1S2, of the three or- ganizations, respectively. FRANK E. SCHUMACHER was born on a farm in Marlboro township. Stark county, Ohio, on the nth of March, 1857, being a son of Henry and Susan (Harvey) Schumacher, the former of whom is now deceased, passing away, in Portage county, in his forty-ninth year, while his widow, who is sixty-three years old, lives at Suffield, Portage county, Ohio, The father was born in Pennsylvania, of stanch German ancestry, and was a man of sterling character, devoting his life principally to agri- cultural pursuits, while both he and his wife were zealous members of the German Reform church. Of their si.x children the subject of this review is the eldest and of the number four are living at the present time. When Frank E. Schumacher was two years of age his parents removed from Marlboro township to Hartville, where they maintained their home until he was twelve years old, his preliminary educational discipline having been received in the schools of tiiis village, and they then re- moved to Molluny township, Portage county, where our subject was reared to maturity on the farm and where he continued his studies, in a somewhat irregular way, in tiie district schools. There he continued to be identified with farming until he had attained the age of about twenty-seven years, when he came again to Hartville, Stark county, where lie was en- gaged for several years in the lumber bushiess, to which he devoted his attention until 188S, when he engaged in his present line of enter- prise, in which he has met with excellent suc- cess, having excellent facilities for the prosecu- tion of his manufacturing and turning out the CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1491 highest class of work in the hne of window and door screens, while he turns out many original and attractive designs, all work being done on honor, so that his patronage has shown a con- secutive increase hi scope. Mr. Schumacher is progressive in his methods, looking carefully after all details of his enterprise and being known as a capable and upright business man. In politics he exercises his franchise in support of the principles and policies of the Democratic party, and both he and his wife are worthy and consistent members of the Reformed church. In Portage county, this state, on the 24th of November, 1887, Mr. Schumacher was united in marriage to Miss Susan Warner, who was born and reared in that county, being a member of one of its honored pioneer fami- lies, and she was summoned into eternal rest, in Hartville, on the ist of July, 1896. She is survived by her one son, George, who is bookkeeper in his father's establishment and who is known as not only a fine accountant but also as a young man of excellent business acumen, while he is one of the popular young men of the village, his friends being in number as his acquaintances. He received excellent ■educational advantages and through the proper use of the same has become well equipped for the active duties of a successful business career. He proves an able coadjutor to his father and through his efforts much has been done to in- sure the success of the enterprise of which mention has been made. On the i6th of July, 1892. the subject of this sketch consummated a second marriage, being then united to Miss Minnie Gilmore, who was born in this county,- and of this union three children have been born, namely : Howard, Carl and Leonia. FRANKLIN D. SMITH, M. D., is a na- tive son of the Buckeye state, having been born in Brimfield, Portage county, Ohio, on the i6tli of December, 1853. ^'^^ ^'^''^^ reared on a farm and duly profited by the sturdy discipline in- volved, while he secured his early educational training in the public schools. He then entered the commercial department of Mount Union College, near Alliance, this county, where he was graduated as a member of the class of 1872, after which he was matriculated in Buchtel College, at Akron, this state, where he continued his studies about four years. He then entered upon the technical work of pre- paring himself for his chosen profession, be- ginning the reading of medicine at Uniontown, Stark county, where he had as a preceptor Dr. G. F. Waldron, an able representati\'e of his profession, and under these conditions he con- tinued his studies for one year, and he was then matriculated in the medical department of the University of ?>Iichigan, at Ann Arbor, where he remained one year, after which he entered the Missouri Medical College, in the city of St, Louis, where he was graduated in the spring of 1880, receiving the degree of Doctor of Medicine and being well fortified for the work of his profession. He began the active practice of his profession in Conimanche, Iowa, where he remained somewhat more than a year, after which he came to Hartville, Stark county, where he has built np a lucrative and representa- tive practice, his professional novitiate here having been of brief duration, since he forth- with gained recognition as an able and dis- criminating physician and surgeon, one devoted to his work and ever ready to respond to the call of suffering and distress, regardless of per- sonal comfort. Not only is he particularly sure in diagnosis and in anticipating" the com- plications of disease, but he also is endowed with that deep human sympathy and grateful personality which have so important an influ- ence in the clinical work of the profession. The Doctor is a constant and appreciative reader of the best standard and periodical literature pertaining to the two branches of his 1492 OLD LANDMARKS. profession, and also finds a source of valuable information and inspiration through his mem- bership in the Northeastern Ohio Medical As- sociation, of which he is a popular and valued member. Politically the Doctor gives his al- legiance to the Democratic party, and he has ever shown a lively interest in all that concerns the well-being of the community, though never an aspirant for oflicial preferment of any sort. He has an attractive modern residence in the village, and the same is a center of gracious and unreserved hospitality, the family taking an active part in the social life of the town. Fraternally Dr. Smith is identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, holding membership in Stark Lodge No. 513, in the city of Canton; and with the Knights of the Maccabees, in which he is affiliated with Hart- ville Tent No. 282. In his native town of Brimfield, Portage county, on the 26th of October, 1881, Dr. Smith was united in marriage to Miss Emma J. Wise, who was born in that county, being a daughter of John Wise, an honored citizen of that place, and of this union three children have been born, namely : Winifred, who died at the age of three and one-half years; and Howard J. and Roger C, who are attend- ing the public schools. The Doctor and his wife are zealous and valued members of the Reformed church, in whose work they take an active part. In conclusion we will advert briefly to the genealogy of Dr. Smith. He is a son of Charles E. and Abigail (Hawley) Smith, both of whom came of stanch New England an- cestry, the respective families having been founded in that section of the Union in the colonial epoch of our national history. Charles E. Smith was born in Portage county, Ohio, in 1820, being a son of William Smith, who came to this state from Massachusetts in the early pioneer days and located in Portage county, where he passed the residue of his life. having reclaimed and improved a farm and be- come one of the influential citizens of the locality, in which he was one of the first set- tlers. There the father of our subject was reared and educated and there he also continued to be identified with the great basic art of agriculture during a long and useful career, and while success attended his efforts and he became recognized as one of the substantial farmers of the county, he left to posterity that greatest of all bequeathments, an honored name. He was summoned into eternal rest in August, 190 1, at the venerable age of eighty- one years and secure in the esteem of all who knew him. His devoted wife preceded him into the life eternal, her death occurring in January, 1896, at which time she was in her seventy-second year. The father was a Demo- crat in his political proclivities, and both he and his wife consistent and earnest church members, their faith being ever exemplified in their daily walk and conversation. Of their five children our subject was the third in order of birth, and of the number foiu' are living at the present time. JACOB L. OBERLIN was a native son of the old Buckeye state, having been born in Plain township. Stark county, Ohio, on the loth day of March, 1830. His father, Adam Oberlin, was born in Lancaster county, Penn- sylvania, in 1802, emigrated to Ohio in later years and died in Plain township in i88r, when upwards of seventy-nine years of age. Jacob L. Oberlin was reared under the parental roof in Plain township — in fact, he had never known any other home. He was born in the same yard that he died in, having seen three different houses in the same yard. He received a fair education in the common schools of the neighborhood and upon attaining a sufficient age decided to make farming his life vocation. He was a man of keen intellect and tireless CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1493 energy and proved a marked success in his chosen calHng. Few men in his township at- tained to a more enviable standing than did he and he was frequently consulted by his neigh- bors and acquaintances on matters of im- portance, his wise discrimination and sound judgment being generally recognized by all who knew him. Mr. Oberlin was twice married. His iirst wife was in her maidenhood Miss Sarah Spangler, and by her he became the father of three children, namely : Josiah M'. is a resi- dent of Portage county, Ohio ; Clara is the wife of John Rasor, of Trumbull county, this state; Laura is the wife of Rev. L. H. Burry, pastor of St. Paul's church of Massillon. Mrs. Sarah Oberlin died in 1862 and on the 22d day of May, 1864, Mr. Oberlin was united in mar- riage with Miss Sarah E. Poyser, a daughter of Joseph Poyser. She was born in Perry township, this county. May 17, 1839, and re- ceived a fair education in common schools of her township. This union of the subject has been blessed by the birth of eight children, viz: Otto W., Norman, Charles A., John H., Walter J., who died at the age of eighteen years, Edward, wdio died in childhood, Emma, who died in infancy, and Martha J. In poli- tics Mr. Oberlin was a Republican and took a keen interest in the public affairs of his com- Tnunity. He was honored by election as a member of the school board and so efficient were his services on that board that he was retained in the position for seventeen consecu- tive years. Religiously he was long a faithful and consistent member of Trinity Lutheran church. Pie possessed excellent business quali- fications and at the time of his death was the owner of one hundred and twenty acres of as fine land as could be found in Plain township. He was a devoted husband and a loving- and indulgent father, but never spoiled his offspring by substituting fondness for what his common sense pointed out to him as being the necessary discipline to render them self-reliant and to prepare them for the stern realities of life and the struggles that life inevitably entails. But this discipline was mild as well as effective, and his memory will be cherished with love and affection by his widow and children as long as life with them is vouchsafed with the faculty of remembrance. The home farm is now under the care and management of his son, John PL, who is carefully looking after the liest interests of the property. REV. G. H. SOUDER.— The Souder fam- ily in this country appears to have originated in Pennsylvania, of which state the subject's father, George Souder, was a native. George Souder was born in the year 181 7, grew up a farmer and followed that calling in Pennsyl- vania until 1854 when he moved to Richland county, Ohio, purchasing a farm near the town of Shelby, upon which he spent the remainder of his days, dying there at the advanced age of eighty-one years. He was a man of excel- lent parts, pronounced in his allegiance to what he considered right and few men in his com- munity enjoyed to as great degree the confi- dence and esteem of their fellow citizens. He was a God fearing man who carried religion into his every day concerns, and for over fifty- five years held the office of elder in the Re- formed church, with which body he became identified in early youth. For many years he was an unswerving supporter of the Demo- cratic party, but later in life became a staunch Prohibitionist and as such exerted a potent in- fluence for the cause of temperance to the end of his days. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Mary Wentz, was also a native of Pennsylvania, born in the year 1818. She came of an old and respected family of that commonwealth, and was a woman of many ex- cellent c[ualities of head and heart, deeply re- ligious and a most excellent wife and loving 1494 OLD LANDMARKS and devoted mother. She bore her husband six children, and entered into her eternal rest in 1886, aged sixty-eight years. Of these chil- dren four are hving at the present time : Dan- iel W., of Ft. Wayne, Indiana; C. H. L., a physician and surgeon' of Chicago, Illinois; Carrie, wife of Oliver Lybarger, of Richland county, Ohio, and George H., the subject of this sketch. Rev. G. H. Souder was born in Richland county on the 2d day of April, 1857, and ac- quired his preliminary education in the district schools near the paternal homestead. The training thus received served merely as a foun- dation for a more thorough intellectual disci- pline, as he subsequently entered Oberlin Col- lege where he pursued his studies until the fall of 1875, when he became a student of Heidelberg College at Tiffin. Mr. Souder en- tered the latter institution for the purpose of preparing for the ministry of the Reformed church and after completing the prescribed course in 1880 began his theological studies in the seminary at the same place, graduating from the latter in 1882. Immediately there- after he was ordained to the work of his holy office and given charge of the church at Green- ville, Ohio, where he labored with much ac- ceptance during the ensuing two years, at the expiration of which time he was transferred to the church at Swander's Crossing in Shelby county. He served as pastor of the latter con- gregation three years and four months, during which time the church was greatly strength- ened materially and spiritually and his parishioners parted with his services very re- hictantly when he left there to accept the pas- torate of the large and more influential charge of Bellevue, Ohio, to which he ministered for a period of five years. During his labors at Bellevue Rev. Souder- was instrumental in building up the church along all lines of ac- tivity, renovating and thoroughly refitting the house of worship, and inspiring the members to renewed zeal in the Master's service. Nu- merically the congregation was increased over fifty per cent and the deep spirit of devotion around bore eloquent testimony to his earnest- ness and success as a consecrated minister as well as to his leadership in planning and carry- ing to completion material improvements. Severing his connection with the congre- gation at Bellevue, Rev. Souder went to Bluff- ton, Indiana, where his pastorate of four and a half years' duration was fruitful of large and far reaching results. He engineered the rais- ing of funds for a general repairing of the tem- ple of worship, costing several hundred dol- lars, and he was also instrumental in increasing the membership fully one-half, in addition to which his influence was felt as a potent spiritual force among other churches of the city and by the public in general. Leaving Bluffton, Rev. Souder became pastor of the church at Car- roUton, Ohio, whither his reputation as an able pastor and wise leader had preceded him. There, as in his former fields of labor, his efforts were blessed with abundant success, not only in numerous accessions to the congrega- tion but also in the matter of church improve- ments, as he renovated, repainted and recar- peted the building, thus adding very materially to its appearance and general comfort as a fit temple in which to worship the most high. .■\fter remaining three and a half years with the good people of that field and proving a blessing to them in many ways, he gave up the charge and in December, 1900, entered upon his duties as pastor of the cliurch at Louisville, where he has since ministered to the spiritual wants of a congregation which has not been slow to recogiiize and appreciate his ability, zeal and consecrated service. During his short pastorate here the church has taken on new life and a general advance has been made along all lines of duty, the preacher's strong personal CANTON 'AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1495 influence, as well as his power in the pulpit, contributing much to the spiritual life of the congregation. Rev. Souder's sermons are clear, concise, logical and practical and when discussing some of the grand themes of revelation, or when persuading sinners to abandon the error of their ways and accept the proil'ered mercies of the crucified Redeemer, he frequently rises to the heights of eloquence, which not only capti- vates his hearers but so impresses their minds and hearts as to strengthen their faith or move them to repentance. Rev. Souder, on the 30th day of May, 1888, was united in marriage with Miss Lulu M. Miller, of Shelbyville, Illinois, daughter of William and Sarah Miller, the father for many years a prosperous business man of that city, but now retired. Three children brighten the home of the subject, namely : Loye M., Ola S. and William H., a daughter by the name of Ruth dying a few years ago. While devoting his time and talents pri- marily to the noble work in which he is en- gaged. Rev. Souder is by no means indifferent to the duties which every community expects of its citizens. He maintains an interest in the material as well as the moral and spiritual welfare of the town of his residence and to the extent of his ability encourages every means to this end. Fraternally Rev. Souder is a mem- ber of the National Union and the Modern Woodmen of America, and politically gives a hearty support to the party of Prohibition. He is and long has been a firm and unyielding foe of the liquor traffic, and believes the only effectual means of ridding the country of the curse to be in the direction of stern legislative coercions. FREDERICK H. SNYDER. — Among Massillon's prominent citizens, few, if any. have had a more active and successful career than has Frederick H. Snyder, who is a native of the cit}', and who for thirty years has been closely identified with its manufacturing and financial interests. Mr. Snyder was born No- vember 17, 1839, the son of Frederick and Anna (Schreiber) Snyder, both of whom were natives of Germany. Frederick, the father, was born in 1816, and came with his parents to the United States when a boy. He was a pioneer of Massillon, coming to this city in 1828. The mother was born in 1820, and was brought by her parents to America in about 1830. The family landed at Baltimore, Mary- land, and after remaining a short time in tiiat city started west overland. They made the entire trip from Baltimore, Maryland, to Mas- sillon by wagon, — a large caravan, — drawn by six horses. The trip consumed three weeks and at the end the man who moved them had only three of his six horses left, the others having died on the way. It was a tedious and tiresome journey, especially over the moun- tains, but the family endured it with fortitude. The parents of the subject were married in Massillon and made their home here ever after- wards. Frederick, the father, was a contractor and operated a large planing mill. He planned and erected many of the principal buildings of Massillon, including the Conrad Hotel, of the present time. He was an enterprising and energetic man, a fine mechanic and possessed of business and executive ability in more than ordinary degree. Fie and his wife were mem- bers of the German Lutheran church. He died in 1858, his widow surviving until May, 1903, when she died at the age of eighty-three years. To them the following children were born : Frederick H,; Maria, deceased, was the wife of Jacob Wagoner; George M., of Mas- sillon; Jacob F., of Massillon, member of Hess-Snyder Company; Henry died in 1901 ; Charles F., of Massillon, also a member of Hess-Snyder Company; John B., of Massillon; Benjamin, of Massillon. 1496 OLD LANDMARKS Frederick H. Snyder attended the public schools of Massillon until he reached his seven- teenth year, and then began an apprenticeship at the machinist's trade, first in Rochester, Ohio, and then at Wooster, Ohio. After finish- ing his apprenticeship he worked as a journey- man until July, 1874, mostly in ^Massillon, at which time he and his brothers, Jacob F. and Charles F., engaged as partners in a general line of job1:)ing as machinists. This they con- tinued until the spring of 1882, when they con- solidated with J. F. Hess & Bros, under the firm name of Hess, Snyder & Company, \\ith. the subject as the head of the concern. In February, 1901, the company was incorporated as The Hess-Snyder Company, with the sub- ject as president, J. F. Hess as vice-president, and F. H. Snyder, Jr.. as secretary and treas- urer. Besides Mr. Snyder's interest in the Hess-Snyder Company, which is one of the leading manufacturing plants of Stark countv, he is interested in a number of other concerns of importance, among which are the following: The Dime Savings Bank of Massillon, of which he is president; the Merchants' National Bank, of which he is a director ; the Independ- ent Printing Company, of which he is presi- dent; the BrowTi Lumber Company, of which he is a director; the Massillon Iron and Steel Company; the Southern States Portland Ce- ment Company, of Atlanta, Georgia. He is a trustee of the Massillon Free Library, an elder in St. Paul's Lutheran church, and a member of the publication board of the Luther- an Book Concern of Columbus, Ohio. Mr. Snyder has been identified with the Massillon Board of Trade since its organization; he has also been a memlDer of the executive board of the same since its organization. In 1863 Mr. Snyder was married to Bar- bara Moure, who was born in Germany. Her parents died when she was quite young. To Mr. and Mrs. Snyder the following children have been born: Frank H., secretarv and treasurer of the Hess-Snyder Company; Al- bert L. and Edward H., both connected with the Hess-Snyder Company ; Hattie E. married Edward Janson, who is engaged in the drug business in Canton, Ohio. Mr. Snyder is considered as one of Massil- lon's leading citizens and men of affairs. His long business career has been uniformly suc- cessful, and besides building up one of the im- portant manufacturing enterprises of Stark county, he has assisted in the promotion and success of half a dozen others, each one of which has contributed to the building up of Massillon. He is recognized as a man of more than ordinary business and financial ability, and one of unimpeachable integrity. He is progressive, enterprising and public-spirited, and always is to be found on the side of any movement looking to the improvement of the communitv and its institutions. JOHN E. MONNOT, secretary of the Canton Board of Trade, and a well-known member of the Stark county bar, was born No- vember 30, 1865, at Louisville, Stark county, Ohio, the son of Peter J. and IVIary (Mofifatt) Monnot. Peter J. was born in France and in the early 'forties, when in his thirteenth year, emigrated with his parents to America. The great-grandfather of the subject began the \'oy- age with the family, but died on the way and was buried at sea. The paternal grandfather of the subject, Peter M., after reaching this country, settled with his family in Nimishillen township. Stark county, where he f(illowed farming. He died at Louisville in 1882. Peter J. was a blacksmith by trade, and conducted a shop in Louisville for many years. He is still living. The mother of the subject died when he was about two years of age. ITe was reared in Louisville and received his education in the public and parochial scliools. At the age of four- teen years he began to learn the carpaiter's trade. CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1497 at whicli lie worked several years. He then en- tered the furniture store of J. B. McCrea, ni Canton, witli whom he worked for two years. He then became traveHng salesman for the Berger Manufacturing Company of Canton, being the first man sent out on the road by that concern. He continued to travel for the Berger people for several years, taking up the study of law during that time. In March, 1887, he was admitted to the bar, and that same fall was elected to the Ohio legislature on the Democratic ticket and in 1889 he was re-elected. In 1894 he was appointed post- master at Canton, holding that office for four years. Since 1891 he has been secretary of the Board of Trade and for seven years he was chairman of the committee on statistics of that organization. In 1893 Mr. Monnot married Laura M. Barlet, daughter of the late Peter Barlet, who for many years was one of Canton's most prominent merchants. JOHN SHEARER was ushered into the world in Osnaburg township, Stark county, Ohio, the date of his nativity having been Octo- ber 29, 1824, while he is the sole survivor of the three children born to Henry and Dorothy (Grimm) Shearer. The father of the subject was born in York county, Pennsylvania, on the 1 6th of November, 1791, being a son of Jacob Sh.earer, who was likewise born in the old Key- stone state, where he was reared to maturity and where his marriage was solemnized. In the year 181 3 Jacob Shearer came to Stark county, Ohio, reaching his destination in May of that year, and he forthwith located on the farm in section 27, Osnaburg township, and being one of the first settlers in this section of the coun- ty, where he accjuired three-fourths of a sec- tion of wild land, for which he had exchanged his farm in Washington county, Pennsylvania. He was accompanied by his wife and two of his children, — Henry, father of the subject, and Catherine, neither of whom were married at the time, and later his three other sons, John, Jacob and Adam, joined him in this county and settled on the land adjoining the home farm of their father. The entire tract was covered with the native timber, and the father and sons set to themselves tlie arduous task of reclaim- ing the same to cultivation, thus aiding ma- terially in the development of this now opulent and signally favored section of the Buckeye state. Here the honored grandfather of the subject passed the remainder of his life, his death occurring in the year 1823, at which time he was seventy-nine years of age, while his faithful wife followed him into eternal rest two years later, at the age of seventy-four years. In 1815 the father of the subject re- turned to Pennsylvania, where was solemnized his marriage to Miss Dorothy Grimm, and with his bride he forthwith came to the Stark county home, having acquired the eighty acres of land upon which his father had located upon coming to the county and which is now the home of the subject of this review. Here he developed a good farm, making excellent improvements on the place, and applying himself with that energy and good judg- ment through which a due measure of pros- perity in temporal affairs is certain to come. He here made his home until he was called from the scene of life's labors, the golden evening of his day having passed in the home of his son John, of this sketch, who had pur- chased the old homestead. Henry Shearer was a man of mature judgment and strong mental- ity, though he had liut meager educational ad- vantages in his youth, having received but six- teen days of definite schooling in his youth. He took an active interest in public afifairs of a local nature and was well informed on the questions and issues of the day. In politics he originally was arrayed in the ranks of the Whig party, but upon the organization of the 1498 OLD LANDMARKS. Republican party he transferred his allegiance to the same and ever afterward continued a stanch advocate of its principles. He and his devoted wife were consistent and valued mem- bers of the Lutheran church, and he aided ma- terially in the erection of the first church build- ing of this denomination in this portion of the county. He was steadfast and true in all the relations of life, and he died in 1878. in the full- ness of years and honors, having attained the venerable age of eighty-seven years. His wife, who was likewise a native of Pennsylvania, was summoned to the land of the leal February 3, 1845, ^t the age of forty-nine years. John Shearer, whose name introduces this sketch, was reared to maturity on the pioneer homestead, and he early became inured to the strenuous work involved in its reclamation and cultivation, while his educational training was limited to a somewhat desultory attaidance in the primitive log school house, with its rude equipment of puncheon floor and slab benches, — an institution of the type from' which have gone forth some of the strongest characters in the history of our nation. On the 13th of March, 1845, ^i'- Shearer was united in mar- riage to Miss Susanna Schaeffer, who was born in Bedford county, Pennsylvania, whence her parents removed to Carroll county, Ohio, when she was a child of two years, while later they came thence into Stark county, where they passed the balance of their lives, being num- bered among the sterling pioneers of this sec- tion of the state. Mr. and Mrs. Shearer be- came the parents of nine children, and it has been the pitiable lot of our honored subject to see one after another of his sons and dautrh- ters pass across the "great divide" into the eternal life, imtil none are left to comfort and sustain him in his declining years, while his loved and devoted wife also has passed forward to that "undiscovered countr}^ from whose bourne no traveller returns." About the year 1850 Mr. Shearer purchased the homestead farm from his father, and here he continued to be successfully engaged in gen- eral farming, though he relegates the active labors to others, while maintaining a general supervision of the place and bringing to bear his thorough and practical knowledge of the best methods to be followed in the con- nection. He is well preserved and gives slight evidence of the more than three score and ten years which have passed over his head. In politics he has ever accorded an unqualified support to the Republican party, with which he identified himself at the time of its organization, but he has invariably refused to permit the consideration of his name in connection with any public office. He is a worthy and devoted member of the Lutheran church, in which he was an officer, in various capacities, for more than forty-five years, and in whose work he has taken an active and zealous part, as did also his wife, who entered into eternal rest on the 7th of Januarj^, 1892, at the age of sixty-nine years. She was a woman of noble attributes of character, and won the affectionate regard of all who came within the sphere of her kindly and gracious influence, while the life immortal gained a new glory when death set its seal upon her mortal lips. LOUIS A. LOICHOT. — Among the younger class of prominent citizens of Canton, few. if any, hold a more commanding positioir in financial circles or are better or more favor- ably known throughout Stark county than Louis A. Loichot, ex-auditor of Stark county,- and vice-president and manager of the First National Bank. Mr. Loichot is a native of Stark county, having been born in the village of Harrisburg, ]\Iarch 12, 1861, and is the son of Louis and Catharine (Simon) Loichot), the former a native of France, the latter of Switzerland. Thev both came to Amer- CANTON 'AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1499 ica when yoting, and in 1857 were mar- ried in this county. After their marriage the parents removed to Minnesota, in which state they resided for several years. Returning to Stark county, they took up their residence in Harrisburg, where the father became post- master. He also served as assessor of Canton for some time. Louis A. Loichot received his education in the common schools of Toledo and Canton. He also took a commercial course at Saunders' Business College. Leaving school, he took a clerkship in a dry goods store in Canton, which position he held for one year, and then entered the employ of Isaac Harter & Sons Banking House as collector and teller. He remained with this house for thirteen years continuously, leaving it to enter upon the duties of county auditor. In 18S5 Mr. Loichot was elected to the Canton city council, in which body he served for a period of four years, three years of which he was president of the council. In 1889 he was nominated by the Democratic party for the office of auditor of Stark county, and was successful at the ensuing election, taking charge of the office in September, 1890. So satisfactory to the people of the entire county was his administration of the offige that at the expiration of his first term he was re- elected, thus serving as county auditor two full terms. LIpon leaving the auditor's office, Mr. Loichot entered the First National Bank as cashier, and five years later he was elected vice-president and manager. He is also a director in the Dime Savings Bank of Canton. In 1889 Mr. Loichot married Miss Minnie R., daughter of F. I. Piero, one of Canton's oldest and most respected pioneer citizens, who is still living. To this marriage two sons have been born : Louis P., who died at the age of ten years, and Raymond. Mr. Loichot is a member of the Knights of Columbus, Cath- olic Mutual Benefit Association, the Elks and St. John's Catholic church. LOUIS J. MIDAY.— Felix Miday, father of the subject, was born in the vicinity of the city of Paris, France, where he was reared to maturity. He had the distinction of being a soldier under Napoleon, being attached to the cavalry arm of the service and taking part in several campaigns. As a young man, he came to America, landing at Baltimore, whence he soon afterward came to Stark county, locating in the village of Louisville. He had learned the trade of carpenter in his native land and was a skilled workman when he came to Amer- ica. In Louisville he established himself in business as a contractor and builder, and in the early days his services were in demand in all sections of the country, many substantial build- ings which are still standing having been erected by him. In 1844 Mr. Miday was united in marriage to Miss Cesarea Dodane, who was likewise born in France, whence she accom- panied her parents on their removal to the United States, the family being numbered among the early settlers in the town of Louis- ville, this county. Felix Miday continued to be actively engaged in business for a long term of years, and finally retired to his farm, in the immediate vicinity of Louisville, where he made his home until his death, in 1880, at the venerable age of eighty-four years, his widow there residing until she, too, was summoned into eternal rest, in 1896, at the age of seventy- eight years. Both were communicants of the Catholic church, and were prominent and active members of St. Louis' parish, in Louisville. They became the parents of four children, namely : Frank, who is a successful farmer near Louisville, this county; Louis J., the im- mediate subject of this memoir; Joseph and John, who are likewise engaged in farming near Louisville. Louis J. Miday was born on the parental homestead near Louisville, Stark county, Ohio, on the 24th of July, 1848, and after securing his preliminarv educational training in the T500 OLD LANDMARKS. parochial school of that village he continued his studies in Louisville College, while later he was afforded the advantages of a course in Notre Dame University, at South Bend, In- diana. Upon leaving the university he came to Canton, and for the ensuing two years he was employed in the wholesale grocery house of Carl Bechele, in this city. At the expira- tion of this interval, he entered the commer- cial department of Mount Union College, where he continued his studies until he had completed a thorough course. He then re-en- tered the employ of Mr. Biechele, with whom he remained for five years, and upon his with- drawal from this concern he purchased the grocery of George Fessler, on North Market street, where he managed a successful retail business for two years, when he sold out and established himself in the wholesale wine and liquor business, on North Market street, and disposing of the same at the end of twelve years. He then became associated with John Melbourne in the manufacture of paving brick at Malvern. Mr. Miday withdrew from the firm after about five years and then turned his atten- tion to the street paving business, in which he did contracting upon a very extensive scale. He was interested in this line of enterprise until the time of his death, which occurred at his home in Canton, on the 4th of February, 1898. He acquired a large amount of valu- able real estate. He purchased the American hotel and remodeled the building for business purposes, and was the owner of other property on Market street, in the business center of the city. Fraternally he was identified with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and his religious faith was that of the Catholic church, in which he was reared. He was a communicant of St. John's church, as is also his widow. On the 7th of May, 1874, at St. Peter's ■church, in Canton, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Miday to Miss Tillie T. Wernet, who was born in this city, being a daughter of John B. Wernet, an honored pioneer of the city, hav- ing been a native of Germany, where he was born on the 12th of December, 1820, his par- ents passing their lives in the fatherland, where they died after he had come to the United States. Mr. Wernet emigrated to America in 1839, when nineteen years of age, being ac- companied by his brother, Dr. Joseph Wernet, and landing in the city of Baltimore they thence came at once to Canton. Dr. Wernet died in 1859, having been an able physician and surgeon. John B. Wernet had learned the hatter's trade in his native land, and he fol- lowed the same for several years after his arrival in Canton, and then engaged in the grocery business on the site of the present Hotel Yohe, where he remained twelve years, after which he purchased lots on South Market street and there erected a store and dwelling. There he continued in business until 1877, when he sold out and soon atferward took up his residence on his farm, in Plain township, where he lived five years, after which he re- turned to Canton and passed the remainder of his life in the home of his daughter, Mrs. Miday, his death occurring on the 14th of October, 1896. In 1849, in Canton, Mr. Wernet was united in marriage to Miss Theresa Tyler, a daughter of Joseph Tyler, concerning whom specific mention is made elsewhere in this vol- ume, and she died at the home on South Market street, on the 27th of April, 1865. They be- came the parents of seven children, namely : Tillie T., widow of the subject; Emma, who is a sister in the Ursuline convent in Youngs- town, this state; Louis J., who married Miss Laura Biechele and who resides in Canton; Otto, who married Miss Cecilia Wackerly and who is living on the old homestead farm in Plain township; William, who married Miss Olivia Biechele and who is now a resident of CANTON 'AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. I 50 1: the state of Colorado; Minnie, who is the wife of Joseph Berg, of Canton; and Mary, who died at the age of twenty-five yeafs. Mrs. Miday was born in the family home, on the site of the present Yohe Hotel, in Can- ton, and after pursuing her rudimentary studies in the parochial schools of this city, she en- tered the Ursuline convent in Cleveland, where she received the best advantages. She has three daughters, namely : Emma T. and Ma- tilde, who remain at the home with their moth- er, both having completed their education in the Villa Angela convent, in the city of Cleve- land; and Cesarea, who is a graduate of the Canton high school, and is now the wife of George W. Belden, of New York city. GEORGE LOUIS ALBRECHT, one of Massillon's prominent citizens and leading business men, was born in that city on Decem- ber 24, 1848, and is the son of Frederick and Elizabeth (Daum) Albrecht. Frederick, the father, was a native of Oberhauser, Rhine Falls, Bavaria, where he was born September 18, 1818, and was the son of Nicholos and Elizabeth (Engle) Albrecht, both natives of Bavaria. The children of Nicholos Albrecht and wife were as follows, all born in Bavaria: Adam, George, Nicholos, Charles, Frederick, John and Catherine. Frederick, father of our subject, learned the trade of a shoemaker in his native town. He emigrated to America in 1,838, landing at New Orleans. The following spring, 1839, he came to Massillon, and there worked for two years at his trade as a journej'- man. In 1843 ^^ engaged in business upon his own responsibility, having accumulated sufifi- cient capital to establish a shop and to this he soon afterward added a retail grocery store. With him as a partner for six years in the gro- cery store was his brother Michael. Purchas- ing his brother's interest at the expiration of that time, Frederick conducted the business until 1875, when he retired from active life, being succeeded in business by his son, G. Louis, who had been associated with him for some years previously. In 1847 he was united in marriage to Elizabeth Daum, who was born in 1828 in Hesse Darmstadt, Germany, and is the daughter of John Daum, who also emi- grated from Germany to America in 1841. To this union children were born as follows : G. Louis, the immediate subject; Mary married H. C. Dielhenn, of Massillon; Sophia died aged nineteen years; Mina; Frederick, a mer- chant of Akron, Ohio, operates five retail gro- cery houses, a drug store and a wholesale bar- ber supply house; Emma; Edward, of L. L. McLain & Company, of Massillon; John died in infancy. Frederick Albrecht died June 29, 1887, aged sixty-eight years and nine months. His was a useful and most successful life. From a small and insignificant beginning he became one of the substantial men of Massillon, and at his death left his family a handsome for- tune. He was a Republican in politics, and a member of the Lutheran church. His widow and six children survive him. G. Louis Albrecht was educated in the pub- lic schools of Massillon. Upon leaving school he entered the grocery store of his father and there learned the business of which he has since made so great a success. In 1869 his father made him his partner in the business, and in 1875, upon the retirement of the old gentleman, the subject became his successor. After conducting this business for a period of ten years he sold it to his brother Frederick, and became one of the organizers of the firm of C. L. McLain, & Company, whole- sale grocers, which firm was established at that time by Mr. McLain and Mr. Albrecht as equal partners. Subsequently other gen- tlemen entered the company, and today it is one of the largest commercial houses in northern Ohio. Mr. Albrecht is president of the South Massillon Coal Company, is a & 1502 OLD LANDMARKS. director in the Merchants' National Bank, and has other large and important interests. Mr. Albrecht married Amelia Dielhenn, a daughter of Peter Dielhenn, one of the prom- inent pioneer business men of Massillon. To this union one daughter has been born, Evelyn, who married Dr. R. B. Diamond, of Hot Springs, Arkansas. Mr. Albrecht is a member of the Episcopal church. JOHN B. DeWEES, D. D. S.— The De- Wees family, as the name indicates, is unmis- takably of pure French extraction, and it is established beyond peradventure that tlie or- iginal progenitor in the United States was one of that noble band of Huguenots who fled from France to escape the persecutions incidental to the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. This was the great-great-grandfather of Dr. De- Wees and he emigrated first to Holland, as did so many others of his countrymen of the Protestant faith, and thence came to America, where he arrived about the year 1730. He married Miss Margaret Richard, a native of England, and they became numbered among the first settlers in either Montgomery, Berks or Bucks county, Pennsylvania. They became the parents of five sons and one daughter, and from the eldest son, Wilham, the line is traced di- rectly to the subject of this review, of whom he was the great-grandfather. William De- Wees was born in Pennsylvania, prior to the middle of the eighteenth century, as is evident from the fact that about 1770 he was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Dehart. They became the parents of one son, William, Jr., grandfather of Dr. DeWees of this sketch. The senior William DeWees died at the early age of thirty-five years, having started for an ocean voyage, for the benefit of his health, but having passed away before embarking, his re- mains being interred in New Jersey. His son William was but nine years of age at the time. and the mother subsequently became the wife of John Wilson, and they resided in Amity township, Berks county, Pennsylvania, two children being born of the second marriage. William DeWees, Jr., grandfather of the subject, was born in Amity township, Berks county, Pennsylvania, on the 9th of December, 1779, and his death occurred in Osnaburg, Stark county, Ohio, on the Sth of March, 1862, at the venerable age of eighty-two years. As a young man he was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Martin, who was born in Cocaiico township, Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, on the nth of May, 1779, and who died in Womelsdorf, Berks county, Pennsylvania, on the 13th of July, 1849. Of this marriage three sons were born, Jacob, John and George M. William DeWees served an apprenticeship at the carpenter trade, becoming an excellent artisan, and about seven years after his mar- riage he located in Reamstown, Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, and five years later he purchased a farm in the adjoining county of Berks, where he lived five years, eventually losing the property through a long litigation regarding the title to the same. His attorneys were James Buchanan and Judge Hopkins, of Lancaster, Pennsylvania. He later accumulat- ed other property, becoming the owner of a hotel or tavern at Newmanstown, Lebanon county. He remained in the old Keystone state until after the removal of his son George M. to Stark county, Ohio, eventually joining him here and here passing the residue of his honor- able and useful life. George Martin DeWees, father of the Doctor, was born in Cocaiico township, Lan- caster county, Pennsylvania, on the 23d of March, 1809, and was reared in' the old Key- stone state, assisting his father in his various operations as a carpenter and securing such advantages in an educational way as were af- forded in the common schools of the locality and period. On the ist of January, 1832, at CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1503 Reading, Pennsylvania, he was united in mar- riage to Miss Susan Brown, who was born in Exeter township, Berks county, Pennsylvania, on the 7th of March, 1808, and who died on the 17th of October, 1863, her remains being laid to rest in the cemetery at Osnaburg, Stark coun- ty, Ohio. Subsequently Mr. DeWees married Miss Susan Delap, who died on the 2 2d of January, 1875, only a few months prior to the demise of her husband. Of the children of George M. and Susan (Brown) DeWees we enter the following brief record : Archibald, who was born at Sinking Spring, Berks county, Pennsylvania, on the 7th of July, 1832, died there on the 22d of November, 1834; Ambrose, born April i, 1833, in Cumru township, that county, died in Washington, D. C, on the nth of February, 1902, having been twice mar- ried ; he served in the United States army in 1856, and was in the three months' service dur- ing the Civil war, as a member of the Eleventh Pennsylvania \^olunteer Infantry ; also served in the three years service and was mustered out at the end of the war ; Elizabeth, who was born in Cumru township, Berks county, on the 27th of March, 1835, is the wife of Hiram Wepner and resides at Osnaburg, Stark county, Ohio; Cordelia, who was born in the same place in Pennsylvania, on the 7th of March, 1837, died on August nth of the following year; William B., who was born in the same township, on the 6th of October. 1839, married Miss Lizzie Lape, and they reside in Canton, Ohio, he be- ing a retired merchant; John B., the youngest son, is the immediate subject of this review; Mary, who was born in Womelsdorf, Berks county, Pennsylvania, May i, 1844, died in Osnaburg, Stark county, Ohio, on the 4th of March, 1864. Of the marriage of George M. and Susan (Delap) DeWees two children were born, namely: George D., who was born in Osnaburg. Stark county. Ohio, on the i6th of July, 1866, is now a resident of Chicago, Illi- nois, and Emma, who was born in Osnaburg, township, on the 15th of July, 1868, who is now deceased and is buried at Osnaburg, George Martin DeWees, the father of the subject, was a man of many and varied attain- ments and fine intellectuality. He was pro- ficient in the carving of wood, in engraving on metals and in painting in both oils and water colors and various other pigments. His spe- cific scholastic discipline was received in the country schools of Lancaster county, Pennsyl- vania, as before noted, but the education of such a man is not time-limited by curriculum of school or college but extends throughout life, — so long as there remains the possibility of leading out the alert mind into new fields of thought and endeavor, thus justifying the generic use of the term education, which means a leading out or drawing forth. In initiating his active business career Mr. DeWees became a clerk in a dry-goods establishment at Sink- ing Springs, Pennsylvania, and there his first marriage was solemnized. Through the sedentary occupation he was following, his health became impaired, and he found it neces- sary to seek employment less confining. He accordingly engaged in the huckstering busi- ness in the village mentioned. He had visited Stark county and other portions of Ohio prior to his marriage, having done a profitable busi- ness in the cutting of profiles or silhouettes, a form of art protraiture which was then in high favor. He finally withdrew from busineps in Sinking Spring and removed to Womelsdorf, Berks county, Pennsylvania, where he turned his attention to work at the gunsmith trade an-* to the manufacturing of shoe lasts, while also kept a stock of shoe findings. This resented but one phase of his endeavors, was a man of marked versatility, as has r been stated. Thus he devoted the m: tion of his time in that place to sign ' / and specimens of his art in this line the highways and byways throughou tion. From Womelsdorf he ren- / I504 OLD LANDMARKS point near Newnianstown, Lebanon county, where he erected a shop and became associated with his father in chair-making, last-making and general wood-turning, in tlie meanwhile continuing to devote much attention to his sign-painting, in which line his services were in almost constant requisition. At the time of the building of the Lebanon Valley Railroad he moved into the town last mentioned, his father having there purchased a hotel property. For several years following he was engaged in con- ducting this hotel, or tavern, as such caravan- series were commonly known in those days. In the year .i860, accompanied by his wife and children, Cieorge M. DeWees came from Pennsylvania to Stark county, Ohio, locating in the hamlet of Osnaburg, where he pur- chased property and engaged in the hotel busi- ness, conducting what was known as the L'nion Hotel. Later he opened a general merchandise store, and in this line of enterprise he continued until his death, which occurred very suddenly, on the 27th of September, 1875. He served as postmaster of Osnaburg for several years and also as towr.ship clerk, and no man in the com- munity has ever enjoyed a higher degree of popularity, confidence and esteem. He was the soul of iionor, was ever animated by the deep- est sympathy and charity, tolerant in his judg- ment but hating equivocation and dissimula- tion witli all the strength of his frank, sincere and upright nature. He was a man who stood "Four square to every wind that blows," and \ in his deatln the community suffered the loss of ■ valuefl citizen and manifested an unmistaka- Nense of personal bereavement. He was de- v! to his home and family and in the sacred rts of that home the true nobility of his -er showp forth most luminously. He •urally of a somewhat tempestuous tem- ♦, but he made every effort to control llition. though he would brook no in- \ scorned all contumacv, no sign of V. ever manifested in his own per- sonality. He demanded the approval of con- science for every thought, word and deed, and lived a life which served both as lesson and inspiration. As another has written of him, "He loved his country and he was a ciUzen of sterling character and wortli ; and his death was lamented by all who knew him." Ih poli- tics he gave his allegiance to the Republican party, and his religious faith was that of the Universalist church, but he was not a memljer of any church. John Brown DeWees, the immediate sub- ject of this review, was born at Womelsdorf, Berks county, Pennsylvania, on the 9th of No- vember, 1841, and his early educational ad- vantages were such as were afforded by a some- what desultory attendance in the district schools of the old Keystone state, where he was reared to maturity, having been nineteen years of age at the time of the family removal to- Stark county, Ohio. He was a valiant soldier in the war of the Rebellion, and while in camp, under difficulties which may well be imagined, he devoted himself assiduously to study when his military duties permitted. In i860 he came with his parents to Ohio, and in the fol- lowing year he returned to Newmanstown, Pennsylvania, where he had been promised a clerkship in a store. While there, however, his patriotism and loyalty led him to join a number of his chums and playmates of former days in tendering his services in defense of the Union, whose integrity was in jeopardy through armed rebellion. On the 12th of October, 1861. he was mustered in as a private in Company F, Ninety-third Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, and of his military career we make a summary as follows: On the 22d of October, 1864, he was promoted to the office of sergeant major; was commissioned adjutant, with the rank of first lieutenant, on the 4th of March, 1865 : and he was mustered out with his regiment, on the 27th of Tune, 1865, having thus served during practically the entire period of the war. The CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1505 regiment proceeded to the front shortly after its organization was completed, being assigned to the Army of the Potomac. On the 19th of December, 1864, iii the battle of Winchester, Mr. DeWees received a flesh wound in the right leg, but save for this he escaped more than nominal injuries during his term of service, having been in General Sheridan's command at the battle mentioned. He took part in many of the notable engagements of the great inter- necine conflict, and among the most important may be mentioned the following: Williams- burg, Virginia; Fair Oaks, or Seven Pines; the seven-days flght from Richmond to Harri- son's Landing, on the James river ; Antietam ; the battle of the Wilderness, Gettysburg and the fights up to Pittsburg; and Sailor's creek. His regiment was ordered forward to rein- force the troops in the second battle of Bull Rim, but arrived too late to participate in the action at that point. He was always found at the post of duty and did all that was required of him without complaint, while he endured a full share of the hardships which made the great Civil war one of the most memorable in the annals of history. At the close of the war Dr. DeWees re- joined his parents in Osnaburg, this county, and soon afterward removed to the city of Chi- cago, Illinois, where he entered into partner- ship with M. Rice and engaged in the restau- rant business at the corner of State and Jack- son streets, in what is now the very center of the finest retail district of the great western metropolis. The partnership was dissolved after an interval of six months, and the subject tlien came again to Stark county, and entered the office of Dr. J. S. Keagle, in the Commer- cial block. Canton, where he devoted his atten- tion to the study and practical work of den- tistry for the ensuing year, becoming specially proficient in his profession, which is lx)th a science and a mechanical art. He then estab- lished himself in practice in Osnaburg, where 95 he continued business for several years. In the meanwhile he had been tendered a position in the men's furnishing store conducted by his brother William B., in Canton, and in 1868 he became identified with this enterprise, and when his brother sold the business, in 1870, to Henry Meyers, the Doctor remained with the new proprietor, and was thus engaged for several years. In 1879, with a view to re-entering the practice of his profession and imbued with a desire to attain a technical knowledge which would place him on a parity with the leading representatives of the profession, in which notable advances had been made in methods and systems, the Doctor entered the Pennsyl- vania College of Dental Surgery, at Philadel- phia, where he completed a thorough course of study and practical work and was duly graduated as a member of the class of 1880. He then returned to Canton, opening an office and here he has ever since been actively en- gaged in the practice of his profession, in which he has attained marked prestige, receiving a representative support. His finely equipped offices are located in the Gibbs block, and here he has the best provisions for the handling of all classes of dental work, both operative and laboratory, while he is known as one of the most skillful and discriminating of workmen and as one fully informed as to the best meth- ods of procedure in the surgical branch of the profession. He is secretary and treasurer of the Canton Dental Association, and is held in the highest esteem by his professional confreres, as well as by all others with whom he is throw* in contact in business or social circles. Fr- ternally the Doctor is a member of McKin Post No. 25, Grand Army of the Repul and of the Independent Order of Odd Fell In politics he gives an uncompromisir legiance to the Republican party, with he has been identified from the time o^ ing his legal majority, his first pr' I5c6 OLD LANDMARKS vote having been east in support of Lincoln. In his religious views, while having a reverence for the spiritual verities, he is liberal. In Paris township, this county, in 1871, Dr. DeWees was united in marriage to Miss Lizzie Enirich, who was born in Allegheny, Pennsyl- vania, being a daughter of John Emrich, a na- tive of Germany. Of the children of Dr. and Mrs. DeWees v/e incorporate the following data : Howard E., w'ho is engaged in the practice of dentistry at Malvern, Carroll county, Ohio, married Miss Ora McGregor, a daughter of Judge Malcolm McGregor, of Carthage, Mis- souri; Gertrude E., who is the wife of George W. Howenstine, of Canton ; and Harry E. and Herbert E., who are twins, the former being entry clerk in the o'ffice of the Bucher-Gibbs Company, of Canton, while the latter is a traveling salesman for the Canton Hardware Company. MICHAEL J. HOLTZ.— Of the neighbor- ing states, Pennsylvania contributed most to the population of Ohio, and in its early settle- ment Stark county was especially fortunate in securing from the sturdy farming commu- nity of the Keystone state the progenitors of some of the best and most progressive families in the county today. Among these the Holtz family is entitled to special mention. The late Michael J. Holtz, of Plain township, the sub- ject of this sketch, was a representative off- spring of the family. Michael J. Holtz was born on his father's nn in Plain township, Stark county, January 1826, the son of John Holtz, a native of isylvania, born December 9, 1790. The ' r of John was Michael Holtz, a native of my; who came to America about the f the Revolutionary war and settled in -ania. The mother of Michael J. 'le subject of this sketch, was Mary *" a native of Maryland, but who had 'tark county with her parents al^or*- 1 818. liere she met her future husband, John Holtz, and later they were married. They located on a farm, built a home and reared a family. Mary Holtz died when about sixty- nine years of age, while her husband, John Holtz, lived to the age of eighty-four years, his death occurring in 1874. Mr. Holtz's father was a soldier in the war of i8i2, serving about six months. Mrs. Holtz's father was under Colonel Raine in the same regiment as was Mr. Holtz, but they never met until after their children had married and it was then learned that th-.y were both in the same war and same regiment together, both getting iheir discharge from tlie same colonel. Shortly after the settlement of Mrs. Holtz's parents here her father would yoke his oxen and make trips to Cleveland and get salt in sacks that were carried over the yoke, and his route was designated by blazed trees. The salt was distributed among his neighbors. Gill- man Folsom, brother of Mrs. Holtz, was the first to build a three-story building in the city of Cleveland, this being only a frame structure, and he was also the first man in Cleveland to buy wool. Her maternal grandfather Thorn- ton was drowned in the Connecticut river when he was engaged in ferrying stone across for building purposes. The river was a mile across and when about half way over the boat capsized and he was drowned. Upon his father's farm in Plain township, M. J. Holtz was reared, and while the oppor- tunity of securing a good education was not afforded him, "he was, nevertheless, neither ignorant nor illiterate. He acquired a fair knowledge of all of the elementary branches of education and was well informed, having also studied, the French language. He was a thorough farmer, having devoted the greater part of his life to agricultural pursuits. September 7, 1851, Michael J. Holtz was united in marriage to Miss Emily H. Folsom, who was born in Ashtabula, Ohio, October 23, 1829, and who was possessed of all the f^'"", CANTON AND STARK COUNTY, OHIO. 1507 accomplishments, attainments and virtues of her sex. Her father was David Folsom, born in 1784, in Essex county, Vermont, where he was educated, coming to Ohio when a young man and several years later married, settling in the woods, where by his industry he cleared a farm of one hundred and sixty acres, with his father, Avho had come to Ohio with him. They \\'ere surrounded by Indians, who were savage, doing a great deal of damage at times. In the later years of his life her father retired from farming, taking up the hotel business, which he conducted for some years, later retiring from active business except when he would help his sons, who were contracting in Canton. He died in Corunna, Indiana, in 1862. His wife Avas Phoebe Thornton, who was a native of Hartford, Connecticut, born ia 1794. Her parents were married in Ashtabula county, Ohio, in 1813, where they stayed for many years, she dying July 5, 1844, in Loudon- ville, Richland county. Mrs. Phoebe (Thorn- ton) Folsom died in the fiftieth year of her age, ha\ing been born about 1794. Ten children were born to them, of whom Mrs. Michael J. Holtz was the eighth. The Folsoms and the Thorntons were evidently originally of English extraction. At the time of their marriage Mrs. and Mr. Alichael J- Holtz were possessed of very little property, though in that respect they were neither better nor worse off than their neigh- bors, a condition which is very conducive to contentment. They settled on the farm in Stark county, and devoted themselves to the usual farin work. They prospered and became the parents of four daughters, of whom they reared three and educated them and in time they became useful women. The children are Elista .'\.. Frances M., Ermina E., who died at the age of twenty-one months, and Almina P. Elista is the wife of J. Murray Spangler, of Canton, and Almina P. is the wife of Will- iam H. Martin. In June, 1901, when seventy- five years old, Michael J. Holtz -passed to his eternal life. Few more conscientious nien ever surrendered life. To say that he was a good man only mildly expresses it. A faithful, afifectionate hu,sband to his wife and a kind fa- ther to his children, he was kind and indulgent and his neighbors and friends had many rea- sons for respecting him in life and revering his memory in death. As one of them has very graphically expressed it, "During his en- tire life, he lived at peace with all the world." Since the death of Michael J. Holtz his af- fairs have been taken in charge by his good and faithful wife, who has managed them with prudence and good judgment. The farm, con- sisting f)f one hundred and thirty acres, is con- ducted under her direct supervision and there are few better managed farms in Stark county. Mrs. Holtz is a lady of much energy, possessed of great force of character and a will and de- termination in what she believes to be right which makes it impossible to sway or divert her from executing her purposes. Despite this, she has been a most patient and gentle mother to her daughters and a model wife to her la- mented husband. She is a modest, devout member of the Lutheran church, to which church her husband also belonged and in which faith he died. Her life and his are most credit- able to their worthy ancestry and their pos- terity will loolx back with pleasure upon the careers of such worthy parents. The children are also members of the same church and are constant attendants. HON. JAMES WEEKS UJ^DERHILL. — Few of the citizens of Stark county entitled to be ranked among its public men have been in the public eye for so long a period, or have t)een as favorably known, or more generally esteemed, than the subject of this sketch. The branch of the Underbill family to which he be- longs traces its ancestry to Captain John ijoS OLD LANDMARKS. Underhill, who came from England and set- tled in Massachusetts about ten years after the landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth. Being a man of strong character, he took a conspicu- ous part in the religious and political interests of the colony, and historj' mentions him as one of the supporters of Ann Hutchinson in her controversy with the governor. By 1637, however, he seems to have become reconciled with the ruling powers, for he accepted a com- mission under the colony and was placed in command of the forces contributed by Massa- chusetts for the Pequod war, and, with one Captain Mason, in joint command of a small' band of seventy Englishmen, carried an Indian fortress by storm near what is now Stonington, Connecticut, wreaking a terrible vengeance upon the savages, for it is recorded that out of seven hundred but five escaped. Tradition says that the family in England were of Quaker stock, and it is well known that many of Captain John Underbill's de- scendants were members of the Society of Friends. Certainly the Captain himself, if a Friend, was a "fighting Quaker." A branch of the family settled in eastern New York, and from this the Ohio family had its origin. Nathaniel Underhill and his wife, Anna (Weber), lived near the banks of the Hudson river in Greene county and there James W. was born, Octolier 6, 1818. The family re- moved to Ohio in 1827, completing their long trip by the Erie canal and lake and Ohio canal as far as Akron, by team to the little settlement of Kendall, then an independent village but afterwards absorbed by the more ambitious and growing town of Massillon. Losing his father at an early age, Mr. Underhill was sent back to New York where he remained with an uncle. Dr. Abraham K. Underhill, at Charlton, Saratoga county, at- tending school until 1837; then returning to Ohio, he completed his education so fan as he derived it from schools, meanwhile supporting himself by teaching, and at the same time read- ing law, under Samuel Pease, then a prom- inent member of the Stark county bar and uncle of the late Judge Anson Pease. He was admitted to the bar in 1S42, and manifested his confidence in his prospects by marrying, in the same year, Henrietta Widgeon, the daugh- ter of one of the prominent pioneer families of Massillon and vicinity. Having been a dili- gent student, possessing an intuitive knowledge of human nature and marked by earnestness of manner and force of character, he became a strong advocate before the juries of the county, and commanded a fine position in the practice. In 1855 he was elected to the state legislature as a member of the house of representatives, and served for one term of two years. He was elected to the office of probate judge in i860, and upon taking office, in February, 1 861, he moved with his family to Canton, die county seat, where he has since lived. In the discharge of his duties in this office his course was so satisfactory to the people that he held office for four successive terms, making twelve years in all, during that period no one caring to contest with him the honor of the position, and at the end he declined a re-nomination. As a probate judge he stands without a su- perior in the county. Well grounded in gen- eral legal principles, with a strong natural sense of equity, he was guided in his judicial duties less by technical rules than a strong sense of even-handed justice. Having super- vision over the administration of the estates of deceased persons, he was pre-eminently the judge of the widow and the orphan, and among the varied interests that fell within the jurisdiction of his court, the rights of the weak and desolate ones were always safely guanled and protected. After the termination of his judicial career he returned to the practice of law for a time, and for a number of years was associated with the late John Lahm as a part- ner in practice. CANTON AND STARK COUNTS JHIO. 1509 Meanwhile Judge Underhill acquired some interests in business matters outside of the strict Hnes of professional work, and be- came interested, with the late H. B. Dennis, of Cleveland, in the construction of a railroad from Cleveland to Coshocton by way of Can- ton, and they had the work between Canton and Coshocton well advanced when they dis- posed of it. It is now an important branch of the Wheeling & Lake Erie Railroad. He also took some interests in manufacturing enter- prises, making an investment in the Diebold Safe & Lock Company. He became a stock- holder and officer of the Canton Car Company, and, parting with that interest, acquired one in the Canton Electric Lighting Company, taking a very active part in the extension of its system, and when he sold his holdings in 1901 it was the sole electric lighting company in the city and supplied light and power throughout the corporation. Li 1890 he acquired a large interest in the Canton Street Railway, includ- ing the line to Meyer's Lake, and in 1892 he and his associates laid out and built the inter- urban line to Massillon and the system in the city of Massillon, which was afterwards ex- tended to Navarre. These interests he re- tained, and took an active part in managing, until he disposed of them in iQOi, when he wound up his active part in business affairs, feeling that the time had come lor him to lay down the duties and responsibi ities of such in- vestments. Judge Underhill has aKvays beer, a man ol '.public spirit and wil'ing to d vote his tl itights and ene''^'^<- * welfare. E *- mem- and the tive the 1 the il and Board of Trade and ii many ways devoted his active services to the tivic and business interests of the community. Having been separa+.-d at an early day from the immeJiate influences of his Quaker family, and having married "out of meeting," Judge Underhill never, was a member of the Society of Friends, but always maintained a high regard for the Quakers and their pecu- liarly spiritual views of religion. These im- pressions, formed early in life, probably served to turn his attention, in his advancing years to the claims of modern spiritualism, and he be- came a firm believer in the possibility of com- munication between the spirits of the departed and those still on earth. Recently he has de- voted a considerable sum to the benefit of an association for the study of this and kindred questions. Judge Underbill's family were Whigs, and he became identified with that party at an early age, continuing in strict relation to it until the formation of the Republican party, except- ing that in 1848 he voted the Free Soil ticket because of his advanced views upon the subject of African slavery. Upon the formation of the Republican party he joined it, supporting it in all its great contests, upon the stump, with power and effect until his advancing years compelled him to turn over that work to younger men. At an early age he conceived a warm interest in Masonry, attracted in part by the poetical beauty of its teachings and ritual, and doubtless in part by the social aspects of the institution. He became grand high priest of the grand chapter, Royal Arch Masons, of the state, and for many years was eminent commander of Massillon Commandery No. s. Knights Templar, and he is now the oldest Mason in Canton. Within a few years he be- came a member of the Benevolent and Protec- tive Order of Elks. Judge Underhill possesses a wann social nature, is ever ready to listen to the story of I5IO OLD LANDMARKS those in distress or needing- issistance and advice, either of whicia lie has been free to give as occasion required. He Bossesses a wide circle of acquaintanv'i.and mingles with men in all \val^ ■ of life with cordiality and friendship. His mother long survived the father and one of the sweetest consolations of his life was to be able to make a home for her for many years, she dying at an advanced age, after many years (if tender and solicitous care on the part of her son. The Judge's cherished and devoted wife, after many years of ideal companionship, departed this life February 28, 1895. They had born to them Arthur J. Underbill, Mrs. William A. Lynch and Mrs. Henry C. Foglc, all residents of Canton. William A. Lynch. ALMN W. HART is a native son of the old Buckeye state, having been born on the parental farmstead in Augusta township, Car- roll county, Ohio, on the 27th of December, i860. The ancestry in the agnatic line is traced back to fine old Scottish derivation, and the first representative of the family in Amer- ica was John Hart, grandfather of the subject, who emigrated from Scotland to the Lmitel States, taking up his residence in Fayette county. Pennsylvania, whence he later removed to Ohio, becoming one of the pioneers of Augusta township. Carroll county, where he secured a tract of land and developed a goorl farm, having also devoted his attention to his trade of shoemaking in a greater or less degree. He i)assed the remainder of his life on the old homestead, where he died, and there also oc- curred the death of his wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Wheaton. They became the parents of fifteen children, of whom three are lixin^t at the present time. John Hart, Jr., the father of the subject, was born in Fayette county, Pennsylvania, on the 7th of August, 1832, and was nine years of age at the time of his parents' removal to Carroll county, Ohio, where he was reared to maturity, aiding in the reclamation of the homestead farm and in its subsequent cultivation, while his educational opportunities were necessarily limited in scope, owing to the exigencies of time and place. As a young man he was united in marriage to Miss Susan Mathias, who was born in Louisville, Stark county, Ohio, in 1837, being a daughter of Lewis Mathias, one of the honored pioneers of this section of the ^tate. He is now living retired in the village of Minerva, this county, and his wife still survives also, Ixsth being well known and highly esteemed in the community, and Mr. Hart has attained prosperity through his earnest and indefatigable efiforts in-the past, and is now able to enjoy the just reward of his labors. John and Susan Hart became the par- ents of five children, namely : Amanda, who is tl'e wife of Le\i Iddings. of Minerva, ihis covnty; Alvin \\^, the immediate subject of this review ; Emor\', who is a farmer and stock dealer, residing in the vicinity of Miner /a; Frank, who is a teacher in the ])uolic schools of LaSalle, Illinois, and Louis C. is employed in the ofi.ce of the paymaster of the American Ihidge Company, at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. Ah'in \V. Hart was born on the old home- stead farm, vhich is located about four ni les distant from Minerva, in the adjoining couity of Carroll, and his boyhood was passed under the conditions and environments which com- passed ihe average farmer boy of the place and period, liis early educational training bcii.g such a~ - 'iiordtl in the district schools, while he -^-i to +he work of the far '' ' " ' ' -^e until years carpt fathe.' in the' '.erof} years, ; buildin . 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