{LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 
 opgrigto |V 3.Z 
 
 ^4L/f 113-2- 
 
 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 
 
SELECTIONS 
 
 FROM VARIOUS 
 
 GREEK AUTHORS 
 
 FOR 
 
 THE FIRST YEAK IN COLLEGE; 
 
 REFERENCES TO GOODWIN'S GREEK GRAMMAR, AND TO HADLEY'S 
 LARGER AND SMALLER GRAMMARS. 
 
 JAMES E. BOISE, Ph. D., 
 I 
 
 AND 
 
 JOHN C. FREEMAN, M. A., 
 
 PROFESSORS IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO. 
 
 CHICAGO: 
 S. C. GRIGGS AND COMPANY. 
 
 1872. 
 
?r 
 
 Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1872. 
 
 BY SAMUEL C. GRIGGS, 
 
 in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 
 
 University Press: Welch, Bigelow, & Co. 
 Cambridge. 
 
PEEFAOE. 
 
 In the preparation of this work two objects have been aimed 
 at, — a comprehensive view of the Greek language in its prin- 
 cipal forms, and a general survey of the leading events in the 
 history of the Greeks. 
 
 The authors, as well as the events of which they write, are 
 arranged in the chronological order. It may not seem to the 
 teacher expedient - to follow this order with his class ; nor is it 
 at all necessary, in the use of this work. The editors in their 
 own teaching propose to begin with the Memorabilia, to be 
 followed by the passage from the Phaedo ; then to turn either 
 to Herodotus or to Homer, — some may prefer to take the old 
 Ionic, others the new Ionic, first, — and after these, to Thu- 
 cydides ; then again to the later Attic of Demosthenes, and 
 finally to the Common Dialect. 
 
 A course of historic reading, in connection with most of the 
 selections in this work, is contemplated by the editors, and 
 cannot be too strongly urged : in connection with Homer, the 
 first and second books of Smith's History, extending down to 
 the year 500 b. c. ; with Herodotus, the third book, on the 
 Persian Wars ; with Thucydides, the fourth book, on the Athe- 
 nian Supremacy and the Peloponnesian War ; with Xenophon 
 and Plato, Grote's chapter on Socrates, Vol. VIII. ch. lxviii. ; 
 with Demosthenes and Arrian, Smith's History, the fifth and 
 sixth books, on the Spartan and Theban Supremacies, and on 
 the Macedonian Supremacy. Should this amount of work prove 
 
iv PREFACE. 
 
 too great for a single year, the judicious teacher will make his 
 own selections from it. 
 
 A large part of the Notes have already been used by classes 
 in this University, and many of them have been suggested by 
 the actual wants of the learner. As the work is designed for 
 the youngest of the four college classes, many slight sugges- 
 tions have been made that would be quite unnecessary for 
 the more advanced student. The wants, also, of the average 
 learner — not of the most clever, the exceptional few — have 
 been kept in mind. Very much in the way of historical and 
 geographical explanation is purposely left to the good judg- 
 ment of the teacher or the research of the learner; while 
 special attention has been given to those grammatical difficul- 
 ties which lie directly in the path of the young student. Some 
 years of experience in the class-room has led to the conviction 
 that the course of study in Greek has generally in our American 
 schools been unnecessarily and quite unprofitably difficult ; and 
 that to this cause, in large measure, may be attributed the so 
 common disparagement of Greek in comparison with the other 
 studies of the collegiate curriculum. Under this conviction, it 
 has been the aim of the editors to avoid in these selections 
 those passages that were too difficult for the young student, 
 and to furnish abundant help, where help is really needed. It 
 will be observed that the references to the grammars are very 
 frequent. These are designed rather as guide-boards to those 
 who have the resolution to go on foot ; they cannot be used as 
 " ponies " or " coaches " to those who love to ride. If the 
 student should provide himself with each of the grammars 
 referred to, adding to these Taylor's Kiihner and Crosby, and 
 then, where a really difficult point arises, carefully consult them 
 all, he would be well repaid in the increased thoroughness and 
 independence of his scholarship. 
 
 It is supposed that every classical student will have at hand 
 an ancient atlas (Long, Findlay, or Kiepert), a dictionary of 
 
PREFACE. V 
 
 antiquities, and a classical dictionary. These are almost as 
 indispensable as a grammar and lexicon ; and frequent refer- 
 ences are accordingly made to them. It is hoped also that every 
 class-room will be furnished with good wall- maps of Greece and 
 Rome, those of Kiepert or of Guyot. All such aids are im- 
 portant to the highest success of both teacher and student. 
 
 Some minor points in the accentuation may be noticed by 
 the critical student as discrepancies ; for example, the change 
 of the acute to the grave accent before a comma, in some parts 
 of the work, and the retention of the acute in the same position, 
 in other parts. On this, and other similar points, the editors 
 have simply followed the text which they profess to adopt as a 
 standard. 
 
 The senior editor has been laid under great obligations to 
 both students and teachers for criticisms and the correction of 
 errors in several previous works. He cannot but hope that the 
 same friendly criticism and aid may be extended to this new 
 work. 
 
 University of Chicago, August, 1872. 
 
OO^TEInTTS 
 
 PAGES 
 
 HOMER. (Date, before the commencement of the historic age 776 
 b. c. (See Smith's History, Ch. V. § 4.) Dialect, the Old 
 Ionic, called also Epic and Homeric.) 
 Selections from Books I., IX., XL, and XXIII., of the Odyssey 1-37 
 HERODOTUS. (A native of Halicarnassus, a Doric colony in 
 Caria. Date, 484 b. c. till near the close of the 5th century 
 B. c. Dialect, the New Ionic.) 
 
 Selections from Book VIII. The battle of Salamis . . 38-69 
 THUCYDIDES. (An Athenian. Date, 471 b. c. till near the 
 close of the 5th century b. c. Dialect, the earlier Attic.) 
 Selections from Book I., on the causes of the Peloponnesian 
 
 War 70-110 
 
 XENOPHON. (An Athenian. Date, probably 444 b. c. till near 
 the middle of the 4th century b. c. Dialect, the later Attic.) 
 
 Selections from the Memorabilia 111-141 
 
 PLATO. (An Athenian. Date, variously given, 430, 429, 428 
 B. c. to 347 B. c. Dialect, the later Attic.) 
 
 Selections from the Phaedo. The last day in the life of Soc- 
 rates . 142-153 
 
 DEMOSTHENES. (An Athenian. Date, 382 b. c. to 322 b. c. 
 Dialect, the later Attic.) 
 
 The third Olynthiac .. . 154-164 
 
 ARRIAN. (Of Nicomedeia in Bithynia ; born towards the end of 
 the 1st century a. d., and lived to an advanced age : wrote in 
 the Common dialect, 77 kolvq foaXe/cros.) 
 
 Selections from the Anabasis of Alexander . . . .165-177 
 LUCIAN. (Date, about 120 a. d. to 200 A. d. : wrote in the 
 "Common dialect.") 
 Timon or the Misanthrope 178-204 
 
 EXPLANATION OF ABBREVIATIONS .... iii., iv 
 
 NOTES 1-175 
 
 PLANS TO ILLUSTRATE BATTLES 176 
 
 CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE 177- ISO 
 
SELECTIONS FROM HOMER'S ODYSSEY. 
 
 (Dindorf's Text. Teubner.) 
 
 BOOK I. 
 0€»v dYopd. 'A0T]vas irapalveo-ts irpbs T^Xe'p-axov. 
 
 AvBpa /jlol evveire, Movcra, iroXurpoirov, b? fiaXa ttoXXol 
 irXayyQri, eireu TpoL7)S iepov irroXteOpov eirepaev • 
 7roXX(ov S' dvOpwircou \Bev aarea real voov eyvw, 
 iroXXa, S* oy ev irovT(p nraOev aXyea bv Kara Ovfiov, 
 apvvfjbevo? y)v re ^v^u teal voarov ercupcDV. 5 
 
 aXX ovB a)? erapovs eppveraro, [epuevo^ irep • 
 avTwv yap a^erepTjcrtv araaOaXcrjacv oXovto • 
 vryTrioi, oh /card j3ov$ ^TTreplovos 'HeXiouo 
 7]gQlov • avrap 6 TOtatv d^eiXero voo-ti/jlov rjfiap. 
 twv afiodev ye, Oea, Ovyarep Aios, eare. koli tj/jlcv. 10 
 
 Ev0 aXXot fiev iravTes, ogol (f>uyov aarvv oXeOpov, 
 oikol eaav, iroXe/jbov re iretyevyores rjBe OaXaaaav • 
 tov S' olov, vocrrov Ke^prj puevov rjBe yvvaiicos> 
 vv/A(f)7) TTorvir €pvK6 KaXu^ft), Bca Oedtov, 
 ev (TTTdcrGL yXacfrvpolcrt, XCXaio (juevr) ttoctcv elvat. 15 
 
 aXX ore Br) eros rfXOe, irepLirXopuevcov eviavrcov, 
 Tw oi eireKXcoorai'TO Oeoi oifcdvBe veeaOai 
 et<; I0aK7]v, ovB evOa irefyvyfievos rjev aedXcov, 
 icac fiera olai (f)cXoi,cn. Oeoi B eXeacpov diravres 
 vocrfyt IIocreiBaGfvos ' 6 B ao-irep^e^ puevecuvev 20 
 
 avriOeu) OBva-rj'C irapos rjv yaiav [tceo-Oat. 
 
2 OAY22EIA2 A. 
 
 AXX 6 fiev AiQioiras fiereKiaOe rrfkoO ecwTa? 
 
 At6lo7ra<;, rol 8i^6a BeBaiarai, ea^aroi av8po)Vy 
 
 ol fiev Bvaofxevov Tirepiovos, 01 8 aviovios — 
 
 dvrwcov ravpcev re /ecu apveioav eKaropi^rj^. 25 
 
 ev6 oye repTTETO Satrl iraprnxevo^ • oi 8e 8r) aXXoi 
 
 Zr)vo$ evi /meyapoicnv 'OXv/jlttiov aOpooi rjaav. 
 
 toIcti 8e /jlvOcqv r)PX e Trariqp avBpcov re 6ewv re • 
 
 /AvrjcrciTO yap Kara Ov/jlov ajxypiovo^ AiytaOoio, 
 
 tov p Aya/jLefivovtBr]^ tt)\€k\vto<; eicrav Opecrrr}^ • 30 
 
 tov oy eTTi/JLvrjaOeis eire aOavaroiai fieT7]v8a ■ 
 
 "'if2 TTOTTOl, oloV 8r\ VV 0€OV<; ftpOTOL CLlTlOtoVTCll. 
 
 e & ^/^ecov yap cpaai /ca/c efi/jcevat • ol oe /cat auroi 
 
 o~(f)f)GLv ciTaadaXirjaiv virepfiopov aXye eyovoiv, 
 
 <y? fxal vvv AiyurOos virepfiopov ArpeiBao 35 
 
 yfj/jb aXo^ov fjivr)o-Tr]V, tov 8 e/crave vocrrrjcravra^ 
 
 aS&>? aiirvv oXeOpov • eirei irpo oh etirofxev ??/£€??, 
 
 *EpfjbeLav 7re/x^a^Te?, evatcoTrov Apyei^ovTrjv^ 
 
 pb-r\T avTov KTetveiv fJLTjre /nvaaa6at clkoltlv • 
 
 etc yap Opearao tigls eaaerao Arpeihao, 40 
 
 oiriroT av 7]f3rjo-r) re kol 97? Ipbeiperai air]?. 
 
 co? 6<pa6 Epfieca^, aXX ov (f>peva$ AiyiaQoio 
 
 irelO ayaOa (jipovecov • vvv 8 aOpoa iravr aireTLcrev" 
 
 Tov 8 rjfielfieT eireiTa 6ea y\avicw7us A6r\vrj 
 ci o) irarep 7]/meTepe KpovtBrj, vrrare fcpetovrcov, 45 
 
 real XltjV' tceivos ye eoiKon fcelrai oXeOpw ■ 
 &>? airoXoiTo Kai a\\o$ oris loiavra ye pe'Cpi. 
 aXXa [ioi a/i(J) OSvarjo Baifypovi Baterat rjTop, 
 Sua/jLopq), - b? 8rj 8rj6a (ficXcov arro Trr\nara Traayei 
 vr)CT(x> ev a/jLC^LpvTT), o6l r ppL(fia\os ean OaXaaay^^ 50 
 vr)o~o$ 8ev8pr]eaaa, 6ea 8 ev 8u>fxara valei, 
 ArXavios 6vyaTv t p oXocchpovos, oare OaXaaar]^ 
 
0AY22EIA2 I. 3 
 
 iraar)^ {3ev6ea olhev, eyei he re k'lovols clvto? 
 
 fjucLKpas, at yaiav re fcac ovpavov afMpts eyovaiv. 
 
 tov dvydrijp hvarrjvov ohvpo/ievov Karepvicei, 55 
 
 aiet he fiaXa/colai feat, cu{iv\loigl Xoyotatv 
 
 OeXyec, 07Tto? 'I^a'/e?;? eirikriaeTai • avrap Ohvaaevs, 
 
 lefievos Kai kwttvov airoOpooaKOvra vofjcrat, 
 
 ?7? yalr\<$> Baveeiv ifAeiperai. ovhe vv aoi irep 
 
 evrpeirerai (ptXov rjTop, OXv/une. ov vv t OBvcraevs eo 
 
 Apyeicov irapd vrjval yapi^eTO tepa pe^cov 
 
 Tpotrj ev evpecrj ; n vv ot rocrov cohvcrao, Zev ; 
 
 Tr)v cT d7ra/jL€L/3oijLevo<; Trpoaecfrr) vefyeXrjyepeia Zev? 
 u reKvov e[xov, irolov ere eiros <f)vyev ep/cos ohovTcov. 
 7TC09 av eireir OSvafjos eyoy Oeioio Xa6oi/ir)v, 65 
 
 b? irept fiev voov ecrrt fiporcov, irepi h ipa Oeolaiv 
 auavaroccriv eoco/ce, tql ovpavov evpvv eyovenv. 
 aXXa Tloaethacov yanqoyos aaiceXes aiei 
 KvkX(D7T0<; fceyoXcoTcu, ov ocpOaXfiov aXacoaev, 
 dvTiOeov IIoXvcprj/jLov, oov Arparo? eatce fieyiarov 70 
 
 nraaiv KvicXwirecrcn • Gocoaa he fiiv retce vv/Kpr), 
 $opfcvvos OvyaTTjp, a\o? arpvyeroLO jiehorTos, 
 ev GTre<JO~i yXa(pvpolo~c Hoaeihawvi payeiaa. 
 €f€ tov hr) Ohvarja Tloaethacov evoac^Ocov 
 ovtl Kara/cTeLvei, irXa^ei 8 airo rrrarpcho^ ctcr)?. 75 
 
 aXX ayeO ? rjfiel^ oihe TrepKppa^cofieOa Trainee 
 vovtov, 07rft)? eX6r)o~L • Tloaethdwv he fieOi^o-ei 
 bv %oXov • ov fiev yap rt hvv^aerat avna rravrcov 
 aOavarcov aeKrjn decov epihatvefiev oto?." 
 
 Tov h r)fjLec{3eT eiretra Oed yXavfcunris AQr\vr) 80 
 
 66 o) irarep rjfierepe Kpovihrj, vuare KpecovTcov, 
 €L /iev hr] vvv rovro <f)iXov fiaKapeaat Oeolcnv^ 
 vocTTTjaai Ohvarja hat(j)pova ovhe hd/iovhe. 
 
4 OAY22EIA2 I. 
 
 ( EpiJbetav puev eirena, 8tafcropov ApyetffrovTrjv, 
 
 vtjgov e? fLyvyir)v orpvvo/jiev, 6<fipa -rayjbGza 85 
 
 Nv/ji(f)7] evirXoKapa) euTrrj vrj^epiea /3ovXrjV, 
 
 vogtov 08vggt)os raXaGicfypovos, fo>? K€ veiqrai. 
 
 avrap eycov I0a/C7]v eGeXevGopuai, b(j)pa 01 vvov 
 
 fxaXXov eTTorpvvco, /cat, ol fJL€vo<; ev (fipeat Oecco, 
 
 et? ayoprjv Kakecravra fcaprj/co/jLOcovras A%aiovs 90 
 
 TTCLOl pvr)GT7]p€GGLV Ct,7T '€171 € fiev ', 0LT6 OL ai€L 
 
 fjLTjX d8ivd crfya^ovGL koll eCXLiro8a^ eXi/cas /3oi)?. 
 ire/jbyjrco 8 e? %7rapT7)v re tcai e9 UvXov r)p,a0oevra, 
 voarov 7revGO/jLevov irarpbs (ficXov, r/v irov arcovGr), 
 r/8 Iva pLLV icXeos eG0Xov ev dv0pu)7roiGiv e%r)Giv. ,f 95 
 
 BOOK IX. 
 
 KvKXwima. 
 
 'H/JL0$ 8 rjpiyeveia <$>avr\ poSoSa/crvXos Ha)?, 152 
 
 vtjgov Oavfxa^ovre^ e8iveop,eG0a kclt avrrjv. 
 cjpGav 8e WfKpat, icovpcu Aio<$ aiyioyoio, 
 aiyas opeGtcatovs, iva BeLTrvrjGeiav eralpoi. 155 
 
 avTi/ca fcafiirvXa ro^a kcil cuyaveas 8oX(,%avXovs 
 €i\ofi60 etc vrjwv, 8ia 8e Tpiya KOGfirjOevTes 
 (3aXXop,ev ' aiyfra 8 eBco/ce 0eo<$ fievoeticea 0r]pr)v. 
 vrjes [lev fjioi, eiTovro 8va)8etca, e? 8e etcaGrrjv 
 evvea Xayyavov atye? • e/xol 8e 8etc e^eXov o\w. 
 &? Tore fiev irponrav r\p,ap e? rjeXiov tcaraBwra 
 7]fie0a 8aivvfievoi tcpea r aGirera koli fxe0v r)8v. 
 ov yap 7T(o vrjwv e^€(jj0cro oivos epv0pb<$, 
 aX\ everjv • ttoXXov yap ev a/jLcfricfropevGiv e/caGTOC 
 
 160 
 
0AY22EIA2 IX. 5 
 
 rj(f)vcranev Klkovwv lepov TTToXceOpov eXovres. 165 
 
 Kvk\(D7T(ov 8 e? yalav eXevaaopiev eyyvs eovrcov, 
 
 KCLTTVOV T aVTWV T€ f$6oyyr]V OLCQV T6 KCLL dlJCOV. 
 
 ^uto? 8' r/eXcos xareSv icai enrl Kvefyas r)\6ev, 
 8r) Tore kol/jlt]07]/jL€v eirl prjyiuvi daXacrcrris. 
 tj/ulos 8' r/ptyeveta cfyavrj po8o8a/CTvXo<; ii?&)? 7 170 
 
 icai tot eywv a<yopi}v uepbevos fieTa iraaiv eearov • 
 u AXXoc pep vvv pafjuveT , epiol epirjpes eTaipoi • 
 avTap eyco aw vrjt t efirj real e/xot? erapoiatv 
 eXdcov Twvh avSpcov iretprjcropiai, o'iTLves ecaiv, 
 rj p oly v/3pLo~Tai, T6 teat aypioi ov8e 8Uaioi, 175 
 
 Tje tylXo^eiVOl, KCLI (T(f)LV VOO<s €(JTL 0€Ov8r]S. 
 
 ^12$ €L7rcov ava vr/os ej3r]v, e/ceXevcra 8 eTatpov^ 
 clvtov? t afiftatvetv ava T6 irpv[xvr\aia Xvcrai. 
 oi 8 alyjr eicrftaivov icai eirt kXtjlgl KaQiCpv, 
 efij? 8 €%o/j.€vol ttoXltjv aXa tvtttov epeTfiois. 180 
 
 aXX 6t6 8r) top X^P ov ^4 >tKO l J/€ ^ &yjv$ eovTa, 
 evOa 8 eir ecr^aTtr) aireos ei8ofjL€v, wyX 1 Qa^-avaris, 
 vyjrrjXov, 8a(pv7]o-o KaTr)pe<f>es • ev6a 8e 7roXXa 
 firjX , oi'e? T€ icai alye? laveaicov • Trepl 8 avXrj 
 vy\rr)Xr} 8e8fA7]T0 KaTcopv^eaaL XiOoiaiv 185 
 
 pLaKpyaiv re nriTvacriv i8e 8pvo~LV v^riKOfioiaiv. 
 ev6a 8 avr\p evtave ireXwpLOs, 6'? pa re pbrjXa 
 olos nroipLaiveaKev airoirpoSev • ov8e /ul€t clXXovs 
 TrcoXeiT , aXX' airavevOev ecov aOefxiaTta yBrj. 
 icai yap Oavpu eTeTvttTo ireXoipiov, ov8e eat/cet 190 
 
 av8pi ye aiTO<fiay(p, aXXa ptco vXijevTt 
 vtyriXcDv opecov, ot6 <f>aov€TaL olov air aXXcov. 
 
 At] tot€ tovs aXXovs fceXo/jLrjv eptrjpas €Taipov$ 
 avTov Trap vrji t€ /neveiv Kai vrja epvauat • 
 avTap eyco Kpivas eTapcov 8voKaL8eK aplo-TOVS 195 
 
6 0AY22EIA2 I. 
 
 ftrjv • arap atyeov acr/cov ey/ov pieXavos oivoio, 
 7]heoSy bv floe eScofce Mapcov, EvavOeos uto? ? 
 ipevs AiroWwvoS) b? Ia/xapov ap,<f>ij3e{37)fcei, 
 ovvetca pucv gvv iraiBl rrepiGyopueQ rjSe yvvatia 
 d^o/mevoi, • wtcec yap ev aXae'C SevBprjevri 200 
 
 <Poi(3ov AttoXXcdvos. 6 Be [Jloi rropev ayXaa Bwpa • 
 XpVGoi) puev puou Bco/c' evepyeos eirra raXavra, 
 Sco/ce Be floe /cprjrrjpa iravapyvpov, avrap erreira 
 olvov ev afupLcfropevac BvcoBerca ttclglv a$VGGa<$ 
 r\Bvv a/crjpaGiov, Oelov irorov ' ovBe -u? avrov 205 
 
 yecBy SpLcowv ovB apbfynroXcov evl olfCG), 
 aXX clvtos a\o%o$ re cptXr] rapar] re fie ourj. 
 rov B ore rnvoiev pLeXtrjBea olvov epvOpov, 
 ev 8e7ra? epLTrXrjGas vSaro? ava eiKOGi perpa 
 %ev , oS/jLJ] B rjSela airo KpTjrrjpos oBcoBec, 210 
 
 Oeaireatr] • tot av ovroi arroGyjLGQai (f)tXov r]ev. 
 rov (f>epov e/jL7r\7]o-a$ clgkov /neyav, ev Be koll ya 
 KwpvKco ' clvtIkcl yap pboi otaaro Ovpuo? ayqvayp 
 avBp eire\evaeo-6ai pueyaXrjv eirieipbevov aXfcrjv, 
 aypiov, ovre SUa? ev eiSora ovre 0ep,iGra<;. 215 
 
 KapTraXi/jLco? B et? avrpov a<piKo/iie0 , ovBe pav evBov 
 evpopuev, aXX evopueve vopuov Kara nriova firjXa. 
 eXOovre<; 8' et? avTpov eQiqevpueada ktcaGra' 
 rapaoL pev rvpwv fiplOov, gtclvovto Se gt)koi 
 apvcov rjB eplcfxov • 8iaKeK,pip,evai Be etcaGrat, 220 
 
 ep%aro, %o)pt? pLev rrpoyovoi, %&>pt? Se p,eraGGai, 
 %&>/)£? & av @ epGai ' vaiov B opQ> ayyea rravra, 
 yavXoi, Te Gfca(f)iSes re, rervypeva, rol$ evapieXyev. 
 evu epue puev irpwriGO erapoi Xlggovt ejreeGGiv 
 rvpwv acwpbevovs tevai iraXiv, avrap eireira 225 
 
 Kap7raXlpL(o$ eiri vfja 6or\v epifyovs re nal apva<$ 
 
OAY22EIA2 IX. 7 
 
 ar\Ku>v e^eXaaavras eir tirXelv aXfivpov vScop • 
 
 dXX* 6 JO) OV TTlOojJLTjV T) T CLV TToXv K€p8lOV T]€V — 
 
 ocj>p avrov re i8oi\xi, kcll el jjlol ^ecvca 80 ii). 
 
 ovS* dp* e/ieXX' erdpoiai Ravels epareivos eaeaOat. 230 
 
 ' KvOa 8e Trvp K^avres edvaafiev rjhe teat avroc 
 rvpcov aivv/nevoc cpayo/iev, fjuevofiev re /lllv evoov 
 rffievoi, elos eirr/XOe vefjucov • (pepe 8 bfipLfJuov a^Oos 
 v\r)$ afaXerfS, Iva ol iroTihopiriov eurj. 
 
 evrocrdev 8' dvrpoio (BaXcov opv/j,ay8ov e6r,Kev 235 
 
 r)[ie2s 8e 8eiaavre<? direcravyjeQ e? P^v^ov avT p 0V - 
 avrdp dy et? evpu aireos r^Xaae ttlovcl /nr/Xa, 
 rrdvra fJbdX ocrcr rjpueXye, ra 8 apaeva Xelrre 6vpr](f)iv, 
 apveiovs re rpdyovs tc, ftaOeirjs evrodev avXr/s. 
 avrdp eireir eweOrj/ce Ovpeov fieyuv v^jroa aeipas, 240 
 
 o(3ptfjLov ■ ovfc av rdvye 8va) tcai et,fcacr dpua^ai 
 eaOXal rerpd/cvfcXoi air ov8eos oyXiGcreiav • 
 rocrarjv rfxlfiarov rrerpr\v eiredrj/ce Oupycrtv. 
 e^dfievo? 8' rjpueXyev oi? kcll firjicdSas aiyas, 
 rrdvra Kara fioipav, kol vir e/jLj3pvov fjtcev eicacrry. 245 
 avrltca S' rijiicru (juev Operas XevKolo yaXafcros 
 irXeicrol^ ev raXapoicnv a^iqad^evos KareQr\Kev, 
 rj/juav 8 avr earrjo-ev ev ayyecriv, oeppa ol eir) 
 iriveiv aivvfjbevcp icau ol irorcoopircov eurj. 
 avrap eirei8r) airevo-e rrovrio~dpLevo<$ rd d epya, 250 
 
 teat rdre irvp aveicaie fcai euai8ev^ el per o 8' ??//ea?' 
 
 a '12 geivoi, rives eare ; iroOev irXelO vypd iceXevQa ; 
 r) n Kara irprj^LV r] p,ayjn8ccos dXdXrjaOe 
 oia re XrjLcrrrjpes virecp a\a, roir aXocovrai, 
 'tywfcas 7rap06fievoi,, KaKov aXXo8airolai <fiepovre$ ; 255 
 
 /2? €(j>a6 , rjfMv 8 avre KareKXaaOr) (jytXov fjrop 
 8eiaavra>v <f)ddyyov re fiapvv avrov re ireXcopov. 
 
g 0AY22EIA2 I. 
 
 aXXa Kai o>? fiiv errreaaiv a/xetySo/xez^o? Trpoaeenrov ■ 
 
 u 'HyLiet? to£ Tpoir)6ev diroirXay^Oevre^ Ayaioi 
 iravTowis ave/MOtatv inrep peya Xalrfia OaXaacrTjs, 260 
 oitcaBe oefievoi, aXXrjv oBov, aXXa KeXevOa 
 rjX0o/j,ev • ovtco irov Zevs rjOeXe fir)Tiaaa6ai. 
 Xaoi S' AjpelBeco Ayafiefivovos ev^opued eivai, 
 Toi> Br} vvv ye fieyiarov virovpaviov /cXeo9 eartv • 
 roaaijv yap Bieirepae iroXiv kcll airwXeae Xaovs 265 
 
 7roWov 9 ■ rjfzeis B avre KiyavofLevoi tcl aa yovva 
 iko/jl€0 , et ti iropoi^ ijeiVTjiov rje kcll aUw? 
 
 BoiTjS BcOTlPTJV, 7]76 %eiVG0V 06/U9 eOTLV. 
 
 aXX aiBelo, <j>epicrT€, 6eovs • i/cerac Be to/ eifiev. 
 
 Z€VS 8 €7riTLfJL7]T(0p lfC€TU(OV T€ IjeiVCDV T€, 270 
 
 i^eivios, 09 ^eivoiaiv ctfi aiBoioicriv oTrrjBel" 
 
 ^ fls e$>dfi7)v, 6 Be p, clvtik afi€LJ3ero vrfXe'C 6vfia> 
 iC vrjTTios eis, eo %elv , r) TTjXoOev eiXriXovdas, 
 69 fie Oeovs /ceXeat rj BetBtfiev rj aXeaaOat • 
 ov yap KvtcXcdTres Aios aiyidyov aXeyovaiv 275 
 
 ovBe 6ea>v fia/capayv, eireir) 7ro\v <j>eprepoi eifxev. 
 ovB av eyco Aio? e^#09 aXevdfievo? 7re(f>iBoi/JLr)v , 
 
 ovre aev ovO erdpcov, ei fir) Ovfios fie tceXevoi. 
 aXXa fioi elcf> birrf ecr^es ioav evepyea vr\a, 
 rj irov €7r ea^arirj^ t) koi cr^eBov, o(f>pa BaeitD." 280 
 
 t /29 <t>dro ireipd^wv, efie B ov XaOev etBora 7roXXa, 
 aXXa fxiv ayjroppov irpoae(j)r)v BoXtoi? eireeaaiv ' 
 
 66 Nea fMev fioi /carea^e UoaeiBawv evoai^Ocav^ 
 irpos Trerprjcri ftaXcov 17x779 em, ireipacji ^a/779, 
 CLKprj nrpoaireXdaas • avepos 8' etc ttovtov eveinev • 285 
 avTap eya) aw rolaBe vTreicfyvyov aiirvv oXedpov." 
 
 t .f29 e(fiajjL7]v, 6 Be fi ovBev ctfieifiero vrjXe'C 6vpL(p > 
 aXX by ava'i%as erdpot^ eiri ^elpas taXXev, 
 
0AY22EIAS IX. 
 
 gvv Be Bvco puaptyas coare cncvXaicas iron yairj 
 
 koitt ' €/c B eyKe(f>aXo$ %a/jLa$L<; pee, Beve Be yatav. 290 
 
 tovs Be Bia pbeXelarl rapucov corrXlaGaro Boprrov ■ 
 
 rjaOie B ware Xecov opeatrpocpos, ovB aireXeLirev, 
 
 eytcara. re capnas re kcu ocnea puveXoevra. 
 
 r/p,eL<; Be KXalovres aveayeOop^ev All ^eZpa?, 
 
 GyerXLa epy opocovres • ap^T/yavLr) B ' eye Ovpuov. 295 
 
 avrap eirec KvKXcoyjr pueyaXr]v epLirXrjGaro vrjBvv 
 
 avBpop,ea xpe eBcov kcil eir aicprjTov yaXa irlvcov, 
 
 k€lt evroau avrpoLO ravvGGapuevos olcl prjXcov. 
 
 rov fjiev eyco (SovXevaa Kara pLeyaXrjropa 6v[iov 
 
 clggov icov, £t(/>o? o£v epvGGapuevo^ irapa pbrjpov, 300 
 
 ovrapuevai irpo? GrrjOos, oOl <fipeve$ fjirap eyovGiv, 
 
 X 6i p eTTLpLaaaafievo^ • erepos Be pee Ovpibs epvicev. 
 
 avrov yap tee kcll apLpies a7rcoXdpLe6' aLirvv b\e6pov 
 
 ov yap Kev Bwd/ieada Ovpdcov v^rtiXdcov 
 
 XepcTLV aTrwaaadaL Xl'Oov ofipLpov, ov irpoGe6r)Kev, 305 
 
 w? rore puev Grevdyovre^ epuelvapiev 'Hw Blav. 
 
 'Hpios B rjpLyeveta cpdvij poBoBdfcrvXo<; Hew?, 
 kcli Tore irvp dve/caLe kcu, rjpueXye kXvtcl p,r)Xa, 
 rravra Kara pLOLpav, KaL vir ep,ppvov rjtcev eKaarrj. 
 avrap eireLBrj airevae irovr)Gapevo$ rd a epya, 310 
 
 gvv B oye Br) avre Bvco pudpyfra^ coirXiGGaro Beiirvov. 
 BeLTTVTjcras B dvrpov e^rfkaae irLova p,r)Xa, 
 prjiBlcos acpeXcov Ovpeov pueyav ' avrap eireLra 
 a-^r eiredyy , waeL re cpaperpy ircop, eiriOeLrj. 
 iroXXrj Be poL^co irpos bpos rperre iTLova pLrjXa 315 
 
 KvkXco^ • avrap eyco XLirdpirjv Kand /3vo~o~oBopievcoVj 
 et ireos rLcraLpirjv, Boltj Be pioc 6^o? Adr\vr). 
 r]Be Be pLOL Kara 6vp,ov apLcrrr) cfraLvero /3ovXtj. 
 KvfcXcQiros yap eKeLro peya poiraXov irapa gtjkco, 
 
10 OAY22EIA2 I. 
 
 ^Xcopov eXa'Cveov • to puev e/CTapiev, o(f>pa <f>opotr} 320 
 
 avavOev. to puev apupues elaKopuev ecaopocovTes 
 
 baaov #' lgtov vrjo? eeucoadpoio p,eXaivri$, 
 
 (f)opri8o<; evpecTjs, tjt etcirepdq pueya Xalrfxa ■ 
 
 rocrcrov er\v firjfcos, roaaov 7ra^o? europdaaOai. 
 
 tov puev baov r bpyviav eywv airefcotya irapaara^, 325 
 
 Kai irapeOr)^ eTapoccrcv, airo^vaai 8 eiceXevcra • 
 
 ol 8 opuaXov TTOir](Tav • eyco 8 eOocoaa irapacrTa^ 
 
 atcpov, d(j)ap 8e \a/3cov eirvpa/cTeov ev irvpi KrjXeco. 
 
 tcai to puev ev KdTeOrjfca /caTaicpvtyas viro Koirpw^ 
 
 7] pa KCLTa aireiovs /ce^VTO pueyaX rjXcOa ttoXXt} • 330 
 
 avTap tovs aXXovs fcXrjpcp TreiraXaaBai dvcoyov, 
 
 bcrTis ToXpurjcrecev epuol crvv pbo^Xov aetpa? 
 
 Tptyai ev ocfiOaXpbco, 0Te tov yXvfcvs virvo^ acavoi. 
 
 ol 8 eXa^ov rou? dv tee real rjdeXov civtos eXecrOai^ 
 
 recrcrape?, avTap eyco Trepbinos \xeTa toIctlv eXeypLrjv. 335 
 
 eenrepios 8' rfxOev KaXXiTpt^a purjXa vopuevcov 
 
 avri/ca 8 et? evpv enreo? rfXaae iriova {LrjXa, 
 
 iravTci puaX , ov8e tc Xewe {3adeL7]s etcToOev avXfjs, 
 
 7] ti oLaap,evos, 7] teat, C760? co? eiceXevcrev. 
 
 avTap eiretT eireOijice Ovpeov fxeyav y-^oa aeipas, 340 
 
 efb/zej/o? 8 rjpeXyev 6i? kcli pL7]Ka8a<; alyas, 
 
 ttclvtci /ccLTa puolpav, real vir epb/3pvov rj/cev efcdo-Trj. 
 
 avTap eireSrj airevae irovrjcrdpLevos Ta a epya, 
 
 avv 8 bye 8r] avTe Sua) pLdptya? wirXuaaaTo 8opirov. 
 
 /cai tot eyco KvicXtoira 7rpoar)v8cov dyyi TrapaaTas, 345 
 
 Ktaovptov fxeTa yepenv eyaov pueXavos oivoio • 
 
 66 Kv/eXcoyfr, ttj, nrle olvov, enel <fiaye$ av8popiea fcpea, 
 oepp et8?J? olov tl ttotov To8e vt]v$ efcefcevOei, 
 7]fxeTeprj • aol 8' av \ot/3r]v fyepov, eu pu eXerjaa^ 
 oifca8e 7re'/jLijreias * crv 8e fiaiveat, ovtceT ave/CTCos. 350 
 
OAY22EIA2 IX. ]_]_ 
 
 a-^erXie, 7rw? tcev ri<; ae /cat varepov aXXos 1/colto 
 dvOpcorrwv iroXewv ; eirei ov Kara fiolpav epefa?." 
 
 ^ J2<? ecjxi/jLrjv, 6 8e 8etcT0 teat, etcrnev • r\o~aro 8 aivcos 
 
 T)8v 7T0T0V TTIVCDV, KCLL /Jb fjT€€ 8eVTepOV aVTLS ' 
 
 cc Aok I^ol en irpo(f)pa)v, icav fioc reov ovvofia eirre 355 
 avTiica vvv, iva rot 8a> ^etviov, a> tee o~v X aL PV^- 
 
 KCLL JCip Kvk\(07T€(T(7C cfiepei, %€l8(DpO$ CLpOVpCt, 
 OiVOV €pl<TTd(j)v\0V) KCLL G(f)LV A LOS bfJbfipOS ae'%€t ' 
 
 aXXa t68 afi/3poacr)<i teal vetcrapos earcv airopp^T 
 
 1 /2? (par ' arap 01 avris €<yw nropov auOonra olvov • 360 
 rpls fiev e8a)fca cpepcov, rpts 8 etcircev acppaBcrjcnv. 
 avrap errel Kv/cXcoira irepl (frpevas rjXvOev olvos, 
 kcu rore 8r\ fjbtv eireaai 7rpoar}v8wv /jLetXc^coiatv • 
 
 "KvtcXw^r, eipcoras fi bvo/ma tcXvrov ; avrap eyco tol 
 e^epeco ' gv 8e /loo 80s %eLVLOV, wo-irep virearys. 365 
 
 Ovtls efiocy bvofia • Ovtlv 8e fie ta/cXricrfcovcriv 
 /jLrjTrjp r)Be Trarrjp rj8 aXXoc rravres eraipoi." 
 
 ^ I2s ecf)afj,r}V) 6 he fju avrLtc afjLeb{3ero vrfke'i dv/JLtp 
 u Ovtlv eyco irv/xarov eSofiat fierd ols erdpoicnv, 
 rovs 8 aXXovs wpdcrOev • to 8e' rot ^eivrjl'ov ecrrab!^ 370 
 
 'H teat avatcXcvOeis rreaev vtttlos, avrap erreira 
 tcecr arroboxawaas rrayyv avyeva, /cab be /ilv vttvos 
 ypei 7ravBafidrcop • cf>apvyos 8 e^ecrcrvro olvos 
 ^Irco/jLoc t avbpofieoL' 6 S' epevyero oivo/3apetcov. 
 Kai tot eyco rbv julo^Xov v7ro anrohov rjXaaa ttoXXt]^, 375 
 6to)? depfjuatvoLro • erreaai re rravra^ eracpovs 
 Oapavvov, firj Tt? fioi viroSSeto-as avadvij. 
 aXX ore 6r) Ta% o /ulo^Xo^ eXai'vos ev rrvpi fieXXev 
 ayjrecrdai,, ^Xcopo^ nrep ecov, 8ie(f)aivero 8 aivws, 
 teat ror eywv aacrov cpepov etc rrvpos, afMpc o eratpot 380 
 Icrravr • avrdp 6apao<; everrvevaev pueya 8ac/Mov. 
 
|2 0AY22EIA2 I. 
 
 ol puev fiO)(\ov eXovre? eXaivov, o^vv 67r d/cpw, 
 o(f)0a\/bL(p evepeiGav * eyco B €(f)V7T€p6ev aepOeis 
 Biveov, ft)? ore Tt? rpvirw Bopv vrfiov avr)p 
 Tpviravtdy ol Be r evepOev viroGGeiovGiv ijxavri 385 
 
 d-^rafxevot efcarepOe, to Be Tpe^et epbpueves alel • 
 o>? tov ev o(f)6a\/bLa) Trvpiir\Kea puo-^Xov eXovTe? 
 Biveopuev, tov B alfia irepippee Oeppov eovTa. 
 iravTa Be ol (3Xe<\>ap apicpi, kgli o(f)pva<; ei)Gev dvfpur) 
 yXrjvrjs Kaiop,evr)$ • G^apayevvTO Be ol irvpl pi£at. 390 
 
 &)<? B ot dvr)p 'XjaXKevs ireXeicvv pueyav rje GKeirapvov 
 eiv vBaTi yjrv^pu) j3a7TTr} pueyaXa layovTd 
 ^appiaaacov • to yap avTe GiBr]pov ye Kpcnos cgtiv • 
 a)? tov ait, ofydaXpos eXa'ivew irep\ pbo^Xoy. 
 GpiepBaXeov Be puey wpco^ev, irepl B laye TreTpr), 395 
 
 r)p,eis Be BelaavTes aireaavpbeO . avTap 6 pbo^Xov 
 e^epva o(f)0aXpLolo Tre^vppuevov aip,aTt, 7ro\Xw. 
 tov puev eireiT eppi-tyev airo eo ^epalv aXvcov, 
 aviap 6 Kv/cXwiras pueyaX rjTrvev, ol pa pnv apL<f)l<; 
 totceov ev GTrr\eGGi Bi cucpias r)vepLoecro-a<$. 400 
 
 oi Be /3or}<; ai'ovTes ecpoiTcov aXXoOev aXXos, 
 laTapievoi B eipovTO irepi Gireos ottl e ktjBol • 
 
 " T'tTTTe toctov, HoXvfyjjp, , aprjpievos coS' efiorjcras 
 WKTa Bl dpLf3poo~L7)v, Kai avirvovs appue Ti0r)a6a ; 
 7) pur) r/? oev pbrjXa (3poTwv ae/covTO? eXavvei ; 405 
 
 f) pur] Tt<? g avTOV KTeivr) BoXtp r)e /3ir)(j)iv ; " 
 
 Tov? B avT e£ avTpov irpoae^r] KpaTepos IIoXvffirjpLos 
 66 d) (friXoi, Ovtis pue KTeivei BoXu>, ovBe /3i7}(j)iv" 
 
 Ol B air a pue i {3 o puev o i eirea TTTepoevT dydpevov 
 a et, puev Br) pL7]Ti<$ ere fiia^eTai olov edvTa, 410 
 
 vovaov y ovttcds €gti Alos pueyaXov aXeaadai, 
 aXXa avy ev%eo iraTpi UoGeiBawvi avaKTi." 
 
0AY22EIA2 IX. 13 
 
 tX if2? dp €(f)av aTTiovres, ejubbv B eyeXaaae cf)bXov fcfjp, 
 g>? ovo/jl e^airdrrjcrev efiov kcli pbrjrbS afxvfiwv, 
 KvfcXcoyjr Be orevdywv re kcll toBbVcov oBwrjabv, 415 
 
 X 6 P°^ L tyiyXacpdcov, airo fxev XbOov elXe Ovpawv, 
 avrbs S* elvl 6vpr)(ii nade^ero X e ^P e 7r6raa " cra< >> 
 el nvd rrov fxer oeaab Xaftob areb^ovra 6vpa%€' 
 ovtco yap rrov /ub ^Xrrer evv (ppeal vr\mov eivai. 
 avrdp eyco fiovXevov, ottws 6% apiara yevobro, 420 
 
 el tiv kiaipoi(Tiv Oavarov \vcriv r]B e/nob avra> 
 evpoi/JLTjv • rrdvra^ Be BoXovs tcai fjbrjrbv vfyaivov, 
 cocrre 7T€pl yjrux^ ' p>eya yap /ca/cov eyyvOev rjev. 
 7]8e Be jJLOi, Kara 0v/ulov aplarrj (paivero fiovXr}. 
 apaeves otle? rjaav evrpetyees, Baau/jbaXXoc, 425 
 
 koXol re fieyaXoi re, boBve(f>e<; eipos eyovres • 
 TOf9 atcecov avveepyov evcrrpe^eeaab Xvyoccnv, 
 rrjs km Kv/cXayijr evBe rreXwp, aOefitdrba eiBcos, 
 avvrpeis abvvjjbevo? • 6 fjbev ev fieaqy avBpa cfrepeafcev, 
 to) B erepco etcdrepOev trrjv crwovres eralpovs. 430 
 
 Tpets Be etcaarov (f>cor hies (fre'pov • avrdp eycoye — 
 apvetos yap er]v, fJbrfXwv o% dpiaros diravrwv — 
 rov Kara vara Xaftcov, Xaabrjv vrrb yaarep eXvadeis 
 KeifJLrjv * avrap yep^^ dwrov Oeairealobo 
 vcoXefieco^ arpe(f>0el<; eyo^r\v rerXrjort Ov/ao). 435 
 
 a)? Tore juuev arevayovre^ efieivafxev H<o Blav. 
 
 'HfjLO? B 7)piyeveia (fravr) poBoBatcrvXo? i?o)?, 
 teat ror eireira vopbovB e^eacrvro apaeva /jurjXa, 
 drjXetac B epbefjb7)Kov avryjbeXfcrob irepb arj/covs • 
 ovOara yap ac^apayevvro. dva% B ? oBvvqai Ka/crjabv 440 
 reipofxevo^ iravrwu oi'cov eire\xaiero vcora 
 op6u>v earaorcov • ro Be vr\irio<^ ovk evdycrev, 
 oj? oi vrr ebpoiroKWv o'b'cov arepvobdb BeBevro. 
 
14 OAY22EIA2 I. 
 
 vcttcitos apveios fjbr)\a)v earec^e Ovpa^e, 
 Xa^vco oT€ivojJLevo$ /cat, e/xob ttvkivo, (ppoveovro, 445 
 
 top & €7rLfia<TGa/jL€vo<; 7rpoaecj)rj Kparepos IIoXv^rjfjLos • 
 (i Kpte Treirov, ti jjloi, coSe Sea aireo^ eaavo fjur/Xwu 
 vararos ; ovrc Trapos ye XeXei/xfjue'vos epyeai otwVy 
 aXXa iroXv 7rpa>T0? vefxeat repev dvOea iroir]^ 
 fia/cpa /3^/3tt?, 7rp6)TO<$ Sh poas irora/jucov (Mpacaveis, 450 
 vrpcoTOS he araO/jiovBe XiXaleac airoveeaOau 
 eairepios • vvv avre iravvaTajo^. rj avy dvaiCTos 
 o(f)0aX/JLOV iroOeeis, tov avrjp kclkos e^aXacocrev 
 aw Xvypocs erdpoiai, Bafiaaaafievo<; eppevas oivcp, 
 Ovtls, ov ov7T(o <p7]fii iretyvyfievov elvai oXedpov. 455 
 
 €i Srj o/jboeppoveots 7roTL(f)(Dvriei<; re yevoio 
 earelv birirr] /eelvos e/mov fievos rjXaa/cd^eo ' 
 tw tee ol eyrcecpaXos ye Sia <77reo? aXXvSc<; aXXrj 
 Oeivofievov pacoiTO 7Tdo? oi>Sei', fcah Se' /c efjiov KTjp 
 Xaxprjcreie tca/caiv, ia /not ovTihavos iropev Ovrts. 460 
 
 l /2? earwv tov Kpiov airo eo irefiire Ovpa^e. 
 eXOovres S rj(3aiov airo airelov^ re kcll avXr\<$ 
 7t^&)to? V7T apveiov Xvo/.ir)v, vireXvaa S eraipovs. 
 KapTraXtfJiOd^ he tcl p,rjXa ravaviroha, iriova SrjfjLO), 
 TroXXd TrepiTpoireovres eXavvofiev bepp eiri vrja 465 
 
 ifcofxed • aairaaiot Be (piXoi? erapoiai (pavrjfiev, 
 6b cpvyofiev Oavarov • tovs he cnevayovTo yowvTes. 
 aXX eyco ov/c elwv, avd 8' o(ppvcrb vevov etcdaTM 
 KXaietv • aXX efceXevaa 6oco$ KaXXtTpb^a /ubrjXa 
 itoXX ev vrj'C /3aXovra<; eirarXelv dXfivpov vhcop. 470 
 
 ol h aity etafBaivov kcli eiri fcXrjl'crL tcaQVCpv • 
 ef??? S e^d/mevob TroXirjv aXa tvtttov eperfiol^. 
 aXX ore rdaaov enrrjv baaov re yeycove fior\o-a$, 
 kcll tot eya> KvuXcdira 7rpoar/vBcov fcepTO/jLioiaiv • 
 
OAY22EIA2 IX. 15 
 
 tt KvkXco-^t, ovk dp efieXX.es avdkKiBos avBpos eralpovs 475 
 eS/jcevai ev GirrfC yXacfivpcp Kpareprjcpt, fttrjcfyiv. 
 Kai Xirjv trey epieXXe K^yr\aeoQai /catca epya, 
 a^eiXi , errel %elvovs ov^ a^eo ate evl ol/cco 
 eaOepLevai • rw ere Zev<s Ticraro teat 6eol aXXoi." 
 
 1 £2<; e(f)afir]v, 6 B eirena ^oXcoaaro KTjpoOt fxdXXov • 4S0 
 rj/ce B airopprfeas Kopvcpr)v opeos fieyaXoio, 
 kuS B eftaXe irpoirapoiQe veos KvavoTrpcopoio. 
 [tvtOov eBeurjaev B otrjiov atcpov l/ceaOai.^ 
 efcXva07] Be OaXaaaa KaTep^o/jLevr)? viro ire-rpr}? ■ 
 tt]v B alty rjiretpdvBe iraXippoOiov tf>epe kv/jlo,, 485 
 
 TrXri/JLVpis etc ttovtolo, OepLcoae Be yepaov l/ceadai. 
 avTap eyco yeipeaai XajBcov 7repifJLif]Kea kovtov 
 cocra irape^ • erdpoicri B eirorpyvas eiceXevcra 
 e/iftaXeeiv KC07rr)<?, lv viretc fcaKOTrjra cpvyoi/JLev, 
 Kpari KCLTavevcov • ol Be irpoirecrovTes epeatrov. 490 
 
 aXX ore Br) Bcs toctgov aXa irpriaaovres a7rrj/Jbev, 
 Kai tot eyco KvicXcoira irpoarjvBcov • ci/ulcJu B eralpoi 
 pbeiXi^LOLS enreeaaiv eprjrvov aXXoOev aXXos • 
 
 Ci J^eVXie, T17TT eOeXei? epeOc^e/jiev aypiov avBpa ; 
 b? Kai vvv irovrovBe fiaXcov /3e\o? rjyaye vrja 495 
 
 avTts e? rjiretpov, /cat Brj (fi-a/mev clvtoO oXeaOai. 
 ei Be cpOey^a/xevov rev tj avBijcravTOs atcovaev, 
 aw fcev dpa£ rjfiecov Kecj^aXas Kai vrfia Bovpa 
 jjuapfxcipcp OKpioevn (3aXcov toctgov yap irjaiv." 
 
 ^iO? cpaaav, aXX ou ireWov ep,ov fieyaXrjropa Ov/xov, 500 
 aXXa [jllv a^roppou 7rpocrecf)r)V KeKorrjori Ov/jlco' 
 
 u KvKXcoyjr, at, Kev res ae Kara6vi]Tcov avOpcoircov 
 ocf>0aXfiov eiprjrai deiKeXirjv aXacorw, 
 tpaaOai 'OBvacrja iTToXnrdpOiov e£a\acoaai, 
 viov Aaepreco, loafer) evi oiki eyovra. 505 
 
16 0AY22EIA2 I. 
 
 l J2? ecpafirjv, 6 Se" //, oipbco^as r)/jLei/3eT0 puvdcp* 
 u co ttottoc, rj fxaXa Btj p,e TraXaiifiara OecrcpaO' Ifcavei. 
 €ctk6 Tt? ev6a8e fxavTis avr\p r)v\ re fieya^ re, 
 Tr\XepLOS Evpv/jilSr]^, b? /jbavroorvvr) efcetcacrTO 
 icai fiavrevo/juevos Kareyrjpa KvfcXcoTreacriv ■ 510 
 
 6? floe €cf)7} TciBe ircivra TeXeuTTjcreaOai, ottlgctco, 
 yeipcov e£ OSvarjos d/JLaprrjaeadai OTrcoTrrjs. 
 aXX aiei riva cficora fjueyav /ecu KaXov eSey/xrjv 
 ev6a8 eXevcrecrOai, fAeyaXrjv eTriei\xevov aXfcrjv • 
 vvv 8e jjl ecov o/Uyo? re kcu ovriBavo? teal clkikvs 515 
 ocpOaXfiou aXacoaev, eirec \x eSafiaacraro oivcp. 
 aXX' aye 8evp , OSvcrev, Iva tol Trap %etvia Oetco, 
 Tro/uLTT-qv t oTpvvco 86fjbevai kXvtov evvocjiyaiov • 
 tov yap eyco 7rat? et/M, iraTTjp 8 e/xo? evyeTai elvat • 
 acino? & , at, k eOeXrjcr , trjaerac^ ov8e Tt? aXXos 520 
 
 ovre Qecov jxaKapcov ovre 9vt)tcov avOpwircov. 
 
 1 /2? ecpar , avrap eyco \xiv a/jLeifio/JLevos irpoueeiirov 
 " di yap 8t) yjrv)(r]<; re teat aucovos ae 8vvaifji7]V 
 evviv 7roi7]cra<; Trefi^jraL 8o/xov Al8o<; elaco y 
 a)? ovk ocbdaX/JLov y i^aerai ov8 evocnyQcov!^ 525 
 
 1 /2? e<fia/jL7]v, 6 8 eireira Ho<rei8acovL avatcTi 
 ev^ero, X e ^P opeycov et? ovpavov aarepoevra • 
 
 u K.Xv0i, IIocTei8aov yaiJ}oye, Kvavoy^alra • 
 et ereov ye cro? eL/jLi, Trarrjp 8 e^o? evyeai eivai, 
 So? fjurj 08vao"fja TTToXtnTopOtov oi/ca8 IfceaOai 530 
 
 \vlov Aaepreco, loaKr) evi oiki eypvray 
 aXX eu ol fiolp ecrrl (/h\ol»? r i8eecv kcu liceadai 
 olicov evKTi/xevov /cal etjv 6? 7rarpi8a yalav, 
 oijre KaKcos eXOoi, oX-eVa? airo iravras eraipovs, 
 V7)o$ err aXXorpiris, evpoc 8 ev irryiaTa oikcoT 535 
 
 l /2? ecjyar ev^o/jbevos, tov 8 e/cXve KvavoyaiTT]^. 
 
0AY22EIA2 IX. 17 
 
 avrdp oy efauTt? iroXv fxei^ova Xaav aeipas 
 
 r)K 67rtSi^77<ja?, eirepeiae Be iv aireXeOpov, 
 
 tcdB 8' efiaXev pLeroTTiade veo<? Kvavoirpcppouo 
 
 tvtOov, eBevqaev B on\iov afcpov uceoQai. 540 
 
 ckXvoOt) Be SaXaaaa KaTepyo\xevi]^ vtto irerpT]? • 
 
 ttjv Be irpoGw <fie'pe KVfxa, Oejucoae Be yepaov Itee&Oai 
 
 aXX ore Br] tt)v vrjaov a^tKopueO , evQa irep aXXcu 
 
 vrje? evcrcreX/jLOL /xevov aOpoau, a\x§i B eralpot 
 
 elar oBvpopevoi, rj/xea^ 7rortBeyfievoi aiel, 545 
 
 vrja fiev ev6 eXOovres efceXaafxev ev ^jra/jLadoicnv, 
 
 etc Be real avroi ftrjfjLev eiri prjy/nlvt, OaXdcrar]^. 
 
 /jirjXa Be KvkXc07tos yXacj)Vpr}<; etc vrjo? eXovre? 
 
 Baaca/ieO ? a)? /jlt)ti<; jjlol a.TefjLj3o/uL6vo<; kiol igt]^. 
 
 apveiov B epiol olw evKvrnjLiBe^ eralpoi 550 
 
 firjXav BaiOfievcdv Bogclv e^oya • top B eiri 6iv\ 
 
 Zrjvh KeXaive<$)e'C KpovlBrj, b? iraaiv avaaaei, 
 
 /5efa? firjpi eKaiov 6 B ouk epLird^ero Ipwv, 
 
 aXX dpa /uLep/nrjpi^ev oira)^ airoXolaro iraaai 
 
 vr)e$ evcraeX/uboi kcll ejxoi (pirjpe*; eralpoi. 555 
 
 a>9 Tore fxev irpoirav rj/nap e? rjeXiov KaraBvvra 
 
 rjixeOa Baivvfjuevoi tcpea r dairera Kat fxeOv rjBv • 
 
 rj/jios B r/eXios KaieBv kcu eiri Kve$a<$ rjXOev, 
 
 Br) rore KOifiTjdrjfjiev eiru pr^ypuvL 6aXd(To-r)<;. 
 
 rjfjLos B rjptyeveta (fiavr) poBoBafcrvXos Hw?, 560 
 
 Bjj tot eycov erapotaiv eiroTpvva^ efceXevcra 
 
 avTovs t a/Ji(Bcuveiv ava re irpvfivrjcria Xvaat. 
 
 ol B alyjr eiafiaivov kcli eiri kXtjIctl KaOltpv, 
 
 e^?}? B e^ofxevoi 7roXir}v aXa tvtttov €peTp,o?<;. 
 
 Evdev Be TTporepco TrXeo/jiev aKa^fievoi r/rop, 565 
 
 aa/xepot eic Bavajoio, (fiiXovs oXeaavres eTatpovs. 
 
18 0AY22EIA2 A. 
 
 BOOK XI. 
 
 Netcma. 
 
 Avrap eiret p eiri vrja KaTrjXOofiev r)8e 6aXao-o~av, 
 vrja fiev ap irapmptt'TOV epvcraa/nev et? aXa 8lav, 
 ev 8 Igtov TtOefieaOa Kai laria vrjc fJLe\aivr), 
 ev 8e ra pLrjXa Aa/3oWe? efirjaapLev, av 8e koi avrol 
 fiaivo/iev a^vvfievoL, daXepov Kara 8dtcpv ^eovre^. 5 
 
 Tj/bilv 8 av /jLeroirtaOe veos Kvavoirpajpoio 
 LKfievov ovpov lei ifXrjG car iov ', eadXov eralpov, 
 Kip/cr) eirrrXoicafJLOS, Becvrj 6eo<$ av8r]eaaa. 
 ?]/LLei<; 8 oifXa etcacna irov^adpLevoi Kara vrja 
 rj/ieda * ttjv 8 avefios re Kv^epvr]rr]<; t lOvvev. io 
 
 Trj? Be TravrjiAepir}? rerad larla irovTOiropovaf]^" 
 
 8vO~6TO T fjeXtOS, (TKLOCOVTO T€ TTOLCrab CLJVLCU. 
 
 f £f 8 e? ireipaff i/cave /3a6vppoov fLtceavoio. 
 evOa 8e Kip, pep loop av8pwv 8rjpo<; re ttoXis Te, 
 
 7)6 pi KCLI V6$eXr\ KeKaXvpLpLeVOl * Ov8e WOT CLVTQVS 15 
 
 HeXtos (j)ae6cou Kara8epfcerai aKTiveo~aiv, 
 ovO ottot av GT6Lj(r}crL irpos ovpavov a<JT6pO€VTa, 
 ovu or av a'Y eiri <yaiav air ovpavouev irporpaTrr/rai, 
 aXX eiri vv% oXorj rerarai 8eiXolo~i fipoTolcriv. 
 vrja puev ev6* eXOdvres liteXcrapev, etc 8e ra firjXa 20 
 
 elXopueO • avroL 8 avre nrapd poov fLtceavoio 
 rjopev, o<f>p €9 ywpov a<fii/cop,ed ov (fypaae Kcpfcrj. 
 
 EvO leprfia fxev Uepipr]8r]^ EvpyXo^os re 
 eayov * eyw 8 dop o£v epvaaafievo^ irapa firjpou 
 ftoOpov opvi; daoov re irvyovoriov evOa teat evda, 25 
 
 d/ju<j> avrcp 8e ^or)v yeop>r)V iraaiv veKveaaiv s 
 Trpcora p,eXi/cprjTG), pbereirena oe TjOei oiv(p 3 
 
0AY22EIA2 XL 19. 
 
 to Tpcrov avO' vBarc • errl 6° aXcpLTa \evtea ttciXvvov. 
 
 iroXXa Be <yovvov/jL7]v veicvcov afievrjva Kaprjva, 
 
 eXOcov eU 'IOd/ctjv arelpav ftovv, r/T£? aptarrj, 30 
 
 pe^eiv ev fAeydpoLGL irvpr\v r e/jLTrXrjcrefiev eaOXwv, 
 
 Tel pea irj 6° dirdvevQev b'iv lepevae/juev olco 
 
 7rajuLfi€Xav\ o? fJbr\\oLGi fxerairpeirec rj/jueTepoLcrcv. 
 
 rou? 6° eirel €v^co\r}(TL Xcrrjcn, re, eQvea ve/cpcov, 
 
 eXXtadfirjv, rd Be fArfXa Xaficov aTreBetpoTOfirjo-a 35 
 
 e? j366pov, pie £' alfia fceXatvecpes • at B ayepovTO 
 
 TJrv%al V7re% 'Epe'fievs ve/cvcov KarareOvrjcoTcov. 
 
 [vv/JL(f)ai r rjtOeot re irokvr\riTOb re yepovTes 
 
 TrapOevucau r draXal veoirevOea Ou/xov eyovaai • 
 
 ttoXXol 6° ovrafjuevoL xaXfcrjpecrLV eyyeii)(iiv, 40 
 
 dvBpe<; aprjicpciTOt, /3ef3 p or co/xev a rev^e e%ovTes ' 
 
 dt 7roXXol mepi fioOpov ecf)oiT(ov aXXoOev aXXos 
 
 OeaTrecTLr] la^y • epLe Be ^Xoipov Beo<z ypei.~] 
 
 Br) tot eireiO eTapoicriv eiroTpvvas eKeXevaa 
 
 firjXa^ to, Br) KdTeiceiT eacfiay/xeva vrfXe'C yaXtccQ^ 45 
 
 BeipavTa? fcaTafcrjai, eirev^aaOat Be Oeolaiv, 
 
 uf)6iLi<p t AcBrj kcli eirawri Uepae^ovelrj • 
 
 avTos Be gtcpos o£v epvacrdfxevo^ irapd \ir\pov 
 
 rj/xrjv, ovB etcov vetcvwv d/xevrjvd Kaprjva 
 
 al/xaTO^ aaaov ifiev, irplv Tetpealao iruOeaOai. 50 
 
 9 HX0s B eirt ^rv^rj IlrjXrjl'dBeco ^ A^lXtjo^ 467 
 
 kcll IlaTpoKXrjos /cab afjivfiovo^ AvTiXoyoio 
 Alclvtos 6 , b? dpio~Tos er\v etSo? re Be'fias Te 
 twv aXXcov Aavacov fieT a/xv/jbova TlrfXeLtova. 470 
 
 eyvco Be ^\rvxn ^ TToBwrceos Aia/clBao, 
 kcli p oXocf>vpo/uLevr} eirea iTTepoevra TrpoarjvBa ■ 
 " Aioyeves AaepridBrj, TToXvpjr\yav 'OBvo-aev, 
 
20 OAY22EIA2 A. 
 
 a^erXce, 717TT en fiel^ov evi (j)peai, pa^creai epyov ; 
 
 7TW? erXr]$ Ai'BoaSe tcaTeXOepbev, evOa re vercpoi 475 
 
 a<fipa8ees vaiovoi, fipoTcov eoScoXa kcljjlovtwv ; " 
 
 1 /2? ecfyar ? avrap eyco pav apL€i/3opuevos rrpoaeeiirov 
 Ci d) A^cXev, Tl-i)Xeo<i vie, p,eya (peprar Ayaioiv, 
 rjXQov Teipeaiao /card %/oeo?, et tlvcl (BovXrjv 
 enrol, bircos lOdmiv e? TranraXdeo-crav Ikoi/jltjv • 480 
 
 ou ya/o 7ra> cr^eSo^ r)X0ov A^ai'CBos, ovBe rro) dfjurj^ 
 yrjs erre^rjv, aXX aiev e%co KaKa • aeto B\ 'A^tXXev, 
 ovris avrjp rrporrdpoide pLanapraro? out dp' ottlo-gcq. 
 rrpiv p,ev yap ae faov erto/xev iaa deoicriv 
 Apyeloi, vvv avre fxeya tcpareeis veicveaaiv 485 
 
 evOah ewv • rep fi^ro Oavcov aKa^t^ev, A%iXXev" 
 
 1 fl<; ecf)d/ji7]v, 6 Be p, avrt/c a\xei^d\xevos rrpoaeearev 
 a jJLT) Br) jbLoc Odvarov ye wapavBa, (^auBipb OBvaaev. 
 {3ovXoifir)v k eirdpovpos ecov Oyreve/mev dXXqi, 
 avBpt Trap a/cXrjpM, d> purj (Bioto? rroXvs eorj, 490 
 
 7] rrdaiv veKvecrat, KarafyOipLevoiaiv avaaaeiv. 
 aXX dye /not, rov 7ratSo? ayavov jjlvOov eviarres, 
 r] hirer e? rroXepbov wpopLos epupLevac r)e tcai ovkl. 
 eirre Be /jloi, TItjXtjos dpLv/Jbovos ec n rrerrvcro-ai, 
 7] er e^ei ti/jLtjv rroXeaiv fierd MvpfuBoveo-aiv, 495 
 
 Y] fiiv aTLfid^ovaiv dv *EXXaBa re ^6lt)v re, 
 ovveica puv Kara yrjpas eyei yelpas re rroBas re. 
 ov yap eycov errapwyos vir avyds r/eXtoto^ 
 roto? ecov 010s iror evu 1 pocr) evpeir) 
 
 rrefyvov Xaov dptcrrov, d/nvvcov Apyeioioiv. 500 
 
 et roioaB eXOotfjbi pavvvQd irep e? irarepos Sa>, 
 ra> zee rep <jTV%ai/jLL pbevos tcai ^elpas aairTOVs, 
 0% Kelvov ftidcovraL eepyovalv r diro t^^?." 
 
 1 i2? €(j)ar , avrap eya) jjllv apLei(3ofJLevos irpocreeiTrov 
 
0AY22EIA2 XL 21 
 
 a tjtol fiev IlrjXrjos dfivfiovos ovtc Treirvo-fiai, 505 
 
 avrap roc TraiBo? ye NeoirroXefjiOio (f>iXoio 
 rraaav aXrjdecrjv fivOr^aofiai, 0)9 fie tceXevets 8 
 clvtos yap fxtv eyco kolXt]^ em vrjos eicrr/s 
 rjyayov etc Stcvpov fier evtcvr}fjLLc)a<; Ayaiovs. 
 r)Toi, or a[i<$>L rroXiv Tpoirjv (jypa^olfieOa fiovXas, 5io 
 
 aiei irpcoTos e(3a£e tcai ovy^ rjfiaprave fivdcov • 
 Necrrcop t dvrideo? teal eyco vacdatcofiev oico. 
 avrap or ev ireBlcp Tpcocov fiapvaifxeQa -^clX/cg), 
 ovttot evl irXr)6vl fievev avBpwv ovS ev ojjllXco, 
 aXXa rroXv TrpoOeecrtce, ro bv fievos ovBevl eltcoov • 515 
 
 7roXXov<; S' avBpa? €7re(pvev ev aivy Brji'orrJTi,. 
 rrdvras 8 ovtc av eyco fiv6r]aofiai ovS ovofjbr\vco, 
 ocraov Xaov eirefyvev afivvcov Apyeioiaiv, 
 aXX' olov tov Tr)Xe(f)i8r)v tcarevr/paro ^aXtca), 
 rjp(o EvpvTrvXov • 7roXXoc $ apc§ avTov eralpot 520 
 
 Krjreioi, KrelvovTO yvvaccov etve/ca Bcopcov. 
 Kelvov Brj KaXXtarov ihov fiera Mefivova Btov. 
 avrap or et? Inirov Kare^aLVOfxev, bv rcdfA '.E7rao?, 
 Apyetcov ol dpiaroi, epuol $ eiri irdvr ereraXro, 
 [rjfjikv dvatcXlvao ttvklvov Xo^ov r)S ' eiuOelvai •] 525 
 
 ev6 aXXoi Aavawv r)yr\rope<; rj&e fjLeBovres 
 Baxpvd t rofjidpyvvvTO rpe'fxov 6 viro yvla efcdarov • 
 Kelvov B oviTore nrdpirav eycov ihov o(f)6aXfiolcriv 
 ovr co^prjaavra XP oa lca ^X l *l Ji0V ovre nrapeccov 
 BaKpv ofxop^afievov ' 6 Be fie fxaXa rroXX ixerevev 530 
 LirirdOev e^tfxevai %c(f>€o<; B eirefiaoero kcott^v 
 tcai, Bopv 'xaXtcofiapes, fca/ca Be Tpcoecrcn fievoiva. 
 aXX ore Br) TIpcdfioco rroXiv Bierrepaafiev alirr)v, 
 fiolpav tcai yepa? eaOXov e^jcov erri 1/770? eftaivev 
 acrtcrjOr)?, ovr ap {3e{3Xr)fAe'vos o%e'C ^aX/co) 535 
 
22 0AY22EIA2 A. 
 
 ovt avTOo-yehirjv ovraapbevo^, oca re iroXXa 
 yiyverai ev 7roXe/xo) • eirifu^ 8e Te [xaLverai Apr)?" 
 
 t /2? €(f)a/uLi]V, yjrv^T] 8e 7ro8co«:eo? Aiaici8ao 
 <j)oiTa jJLCLKpa jScfiaaa tear aa(j>o8eXov Xei/icova, 
 yrjOoavvri o ol viov ecpyv api8eLfcerov elvcu. 540 
 
 At 8 aXXai ■ yfrv^al veKvcov fcarareOvrjcoTCDV 
 earaaav ayyvpbevai, eupovro 8e fcr]8e etcaarrj. 
 oil) S' AlavTO? ^v)(7] TeXa/JLcovLaBao 
 voacfitv a(j)€CTTr]K€i, K6%oX(o \xevr) eivena viktjs, 
 rrjv fiiv eyco vifcrjaa htfca^o/JLevos irapa vrjvoiv 545 
 
 Tevyeaiv apL$ A%i\r)o<; • eOrj/ce 8e irorvca /nrjTTjp. 
 [VatSe? 8e Tpwcov Si/cacrav real IlaXXas A6r)vr).~] 
 co? 8r) fir) 6(f>e\ov vikclv rot(p8 eir ae6\(p • 
 roirjv yap fcecfraXrjv eve/c avrwv yala KaTeayev, 
 AiavO , b? 7T€pl /lev etSo?, irept 8 epya rerv/CTO 550 
 
 twv aXXcov Aavacov fxer afjbvfxova TlrjXeiwva. 
 tov jjuev eywv eireeacn 7rpoa-r)v8a)V p,eiXi'%ioi(Tiv. 
 
 u Alav^ ttcll TeXafiwvos apLv/jLovos, ov/c dp epueXXes 
 ov8e Oavcov Xr]aea6at efiol yoXov elveica rev^e'eov 
 ovXofievcov ; ra 8e irrffxa Oeot, Oeaav Apyeioujiv^ 555 
 
 tocos yap a(j)LV Trvpyos airwXeo • aelo 8 Amatol 
 Igov AyiXXrjos fcecf>a\r} JJr)Xr)Xa8ao 
 ayvvpieOa qbOifievoio Sta/iTrepes • ov8e Tt? aXXos 
 clitlos, aXXa Zev<$ Aavawv arparov acy/ir)Tacov 
 €K7ray\(o$ y)yQr)pe, re'tv 8 eiri fxolpav edrj/cev. 560 
 
 aXX aye oevpo, ava%, tv e7ro? Kai /jlvuov a/coucrr)? 
 7]fierepov Ba/xaaov 8e iievos Kai ayrjvopa Ov/iov." 
 
 1 /2? e(pafjir)v 6 8e /Jb ov8ev afiei/Sero, Br) 8e jner aXXas 
 i|ru^a? et? Epefios ve/evcov KaraTeOvricorcov. 
 evOa % 6/x&)? irpoo-e^r) Keyo\(D(ievo<$, rj Kev eyco row 565 
 aWa (xoi rfieXe 6v)aos evl rrrrjOeaat fylXoiav 
 
0AY22EIA2 XL 23 
 
 rwv aXXwv yjrv^a^ oBeecv KarareOvrjwrcov. 
 
 "EvB* 7)101 Mcvcoa iBov, Albs ayXaov viov, 
 y^pvaeov crKrjirrpov eypvra, Oepaarevovra vetcvao-LV, 
 rj/juevov ' ol Be fiiv dfjicjn BtKas eipovro ava/cTa, 570 
 
 r\\ievoi earaore? re, kclt evpvTrvXes Ai'Bo? Bco. 
 
 Tov Be fier Slplcova ireXwpiov ecaevdyaa 
 Orjpas ofiov etXevvra /car aacjyoBeXov Xetpbcova, 
 tou? avros Kareirecfrvev ev oioitoXolctiv opeacnv, 
 yepalv eycov poiraXov rrayyaXKeov, aiev dayes. 575 
 
 Kal Tirvov elBov, Tairjs epitcvBeo? viov, 
 Ket/xevov ev BarreBcp * B eir evvea (celro ireXeOpa, 
 yi)7re Be puv etcarepOe irapr]fxev(o rjirap eiceipov, 
 Beprpov eaco Bvvovre? • 6 B ouk airapbvvero yepalv • 
 Arjrco yap rjXtcrjO-e, Alo$ KvBprjv irapaKOinv, 580 
 
 UvdwB epyp^evriv Bid KcCKXiyopov Havoiryps. 
 
 Kcu jJjTjv TdvraXov etaelBov yaXerr aXye eyovra, 
 earaor ev Xc/jlvt] • rj Be irpoaeirXa^e yeveiqy • 
 arevro Be Bi^acov, irieecv B ovk elyev eXeaOat' 
 oaaaKt yap Kvyjret 6 yepcov rneeiv fieveatvcov, 585 
 
 roacray vBcop airoXeaKer avafipoyev, d[X(f>\ Be vrocrcriv 
 yala /xeXacva <f)aveo~fce, Kara^r\vacrKe Be Baifiwv. 
 BevBpea B v\\nirerriXa Kara Kpr)6ev %ee Kapirov, 
 oyyyai tcai poiai nai /jLrjXeai ayXaotcapiroi 
 avKeac re yXvfcepal kcu eXalai rrjXeOocoaat • 590 
 
 rcov oiror idvaei o yepcov eiri X 6 P at ' fiao-aaOai, 
 ra? B avepLO? piTrraaKe ttotl vccfrea o~Kioevra. 
 
 Kac firjv %L<jv(f)ov eiaelBov Kparep aXye eyovra, 
 Xdav ffacna^ovra nreXwpiov a/jLcfroreprjcriv. 
 7]tol o fiev GKripunofjievo^ yepaiv re iroaiv re 595 
 
 Xaav avco coOeaKe irori Xocfrov • aXX ore fieXXot, 
 aKpov VTrepftaXeeiv, tot airoorp^aGKe Kparad% • 
 
24 0AY22EIA2 A. 
 
 clvtls eireira ireBovBe tcvXivBero Xaas dvaiB^. 
 avrap oy ayjr coaacnce rtraivopuevos, Kara o topco? 
 eppeev etc pueXecov, kovltj B etc Kpaios opcopeL 600 
 
 Tov Be fJLer ei,crevo7)<Ta fttrjv 'HpafcXrjetrjv, 
 eoBcoXov ' avros Be puer aOavarocai Oeolatv 
 reprrerai ev OaXirj? /cal eyei KaXXiafyvpov e 'H/37]v 
 ^jrralBa Alo$ pLeyaXoto fcai e Hprjs ^pvaoTreBiXov]. 
 afjL<fi Be fJLiv icXayyr) ve/cvcov rjv olcovcov &, eos 
 
 iravroa arvtppuevcov • 6 B epepivr) vv/crl eoLKcos, 
 yvpuvov ro^ov eywv fcai eirl vevprjfyiv oiarov, 
 Becvov rrarrraivcov, aiec fiaXeovrt eoirccos. 
 a/juepSaXeos Be ol ap,cpi, irept arr]6eo-aiv doprrjp 
 Xpvaeos r)V reXapLcov, Iva OtcriceXa epya rervicro, 610 
 
 apKjoi r ayporepob re aves yaportoi re Xeovres, 
 va/Mvao re fia%ai re (povoo r avBpofcraaiai, re. 
 fjbr) Te'xyrjGafJbevoq pbrjB aXXo n re^vrjaatro^ 
 b? icelvov reXapicova efj ey/cardero reyyn). 
 eyvco $ avTifca icelvos, eirei tBev ocj)6aX/xo?cnv, 615 
 
 Kal pu oXocfivpopLevos errea irrepoevra rrpoar^vBa • 
 
 u Aioyeves AaepriaBri, iroXvp,r\yav OBvaaev, 
 a Se/A,', r\ tlvcl kcll gv kclkov pbopov ^^Xafet?, 
 bvnrep eycov o%(eatcov vir avyas rjeXtoio. 
 Zt7]vo^ puev 7rat? tjcl Kpovtovos, avrap ol'^vv 620 
 
 ^X ov cbireipeGi'qv ' f^ctXa yap rroXv yeipovi cpcort 
 SeSfirifjir/V, 6 Be fioL ^aXeirovs eirereXXer aeOXovs. 
 Kat rrore pu evuab e^e/x^e kvv a^ovr • ov yap er aXXov 
 (ppa^ero rovBe ye ptoi ^aXewcorepov elvai aeOXov. 
 tov puev eycov avtveiKa Kai rjyayov et, ' A'iBao • 
 'Ep/jLecas Be pi eirepLyfrev cBe yXavKGoirts A@r]vr)" 
 
 *\f2? elircov 6 puev avris efirj Bopuov AcBos eocrco, 
 avrap eycov avrov puevov epareoov^ eu Tt? er eXuoc 
 
 ■ 'AtBao- 625 
 
OAY22EIA2 XXIII. 25 
 
 avBpcov f)pc0G)V, ol Br) ro rrpoaOev oXovro. 
 
 kclI vv k ero irporepovs lBov avepas, ou? eOeXov irep • 630 
 
 \&rjaea UetptOoov re, Qewv epLtcvBea retcva'^ 
 
 aX\a irplv eirl eOve ayelpero fivpua veKpmv 
 
 fyy Oearreorlr) • efie Be ^Xoypov Beos rjpet, 
 
 fir/ fjLOL Topyet7]v fC6(f>a\,r)v Becvoio rreXwpov 
 
 €% "A'iBos irefjLyjretev ayavr) FLepaetyoveia. 635 
 
 avTiic eireir eiro vrja klcov eiteXevov eraipovs 
 
 avrovs r a/jt,j3(UV€LV ava re rrpvyuvr\aia Xvaat. 
 
 ol B ' al-^r elcrfiaivov /ecu eirc fcXrjlat, icaQitpv, 
 
 rr)v Be tear flfceavoi/ rrorayiov <f>epe fcv/Aa pooio, 
 
 Trpoora jjuev eipeoij), p.ereireiroi Be (caXXL/jLos ovpos. 640 
 
 BOOK XXIII. . 
 'OSvcro-ecos vtto H7]ve\oirns &vo,"YVwpio"p,os. 
 
 Tprjvs B et? virepta avej3r]<Tero KayyaXocoo-a, 
 Beairoivr] epeovaa <f>cXov ttoglv evBov eovra • 
 yovvara B eppcocravro, rroBes B' vrrepiicratvovro. 
 arrj 8' ap virep tcefyaXrjS teat (jllv irpo<; (jlvOov eetirev 
 
 u Eypeo, UriveXoireia, tyiXov re/co?, o(f>pa cBrjai, 
 otf>Qa\(jLoicri reoiOi tut eXBeac r/fiara iravra. 
 f)X6^ 'OBvaew; Kai oIkov ifcdverat, oyjre irep eXOwv. 
 /jbvr)arr)pa<; B e«.reivev ayr\vopa^^ otre ol oIkov 
 KT)BeaKov Kai Krrjfiar eBov /3coci)vro re 7ralBa." 
 
 Tr)v S' avre rrpoaeeLire ireplcfrpcDV U^veXoireta 
 u fiala (piXy, fiapyrjv ae OeoL Qeaav, oire Bvvavrai 
 aeppova iroLrjcrat feat eirtcppova irep fiaX eovra, 
 Kai re yaXi$poveovra aao(ppoavvr)<; eireftrfaav • 
 ol ae irep e/3Xayjrav • rrpiv Be (frpevas aiai/jur] rjada. 
 
 10 
 
26 0AY22EIA2 *. 
 
 T17TT6 fie \&)/3ei/et? iroXvirevOea Ovjllov eyovcrav 15 
 
 ravra irapeg epeovcra teat e£ vttvov p aveyeipet? 
 
 ^Seo?, 6? yLt' eTreSrjae (feiXa /3Xe<pap dp^LKaXvyjra^ ; 
 
 ov yap mw Toiovhe KareBpadov, e£ ov O&vcraevs 
 
 <*>X €T eiro-tyopevos Ka/coi'Xiov ov/c ovopao~T7]v. 
 
 aXX dye vvv fcarufirjOi, kcii ayfr epyev peyapovSe* 20 
 
 et yap r^? fj, aXXr) ye yvvaCKcov, ai fxoi eaaiv, 
 
 ravT eXOovcr r)yyeiXe fcal ef vttvov dveyeipev, 
 
 to) tee Taya arvyepa)<; piv eycov aireireyuv^a veeauat 
 
 clvtls eaa) peyapov ere Se tovto ye yrjpas ovr}(rei" 
 
 Ttjv & avre Trpoaeenre tyiXr) rpocfios EvpvtcXeia 25 
 
 ec ovtl ae XcoftevcQ, tckvov (J^iXov, aXX ervpov toi 
 r)X0 OSvaevs kcli oikov LKaverai, &)? dyopevco, 
 6 ^elvos, tov iravTes aTipcov ev peydpotaiv. 
 T^Xepayo^ S apa piv nraXai yheev evBov eovra, 
 aXXa <Tao(j)pocrvi>7]0-L voTj/nara narpos etcevOev, 30 
 
 o(f>p avbpwv Tiaairo ftirjv vireprjvopeovTwv." 
 
 1 fls e<f>a6 , 7] & eyapr\ teat, auo Xetcrpoio Oopovaa 
 ypyji irepLTrXeyOr), ftXecbapcov & airo hatepvov r\K.ev • 
 kcli pav (j)cov/]craa eirea irrepoevTa TrpocrrjvSa • 
 
 u El & dye Sr) pboi, puala (f)iXr), vrjpepres evicnre^, 35 
 ev ereov Srj oIkov ucaverac, a>? ayopevets, 
 oirTTeos Srj fivyarrjpcnv avaihecn yelp as e(prJKev 
 povvos ewv, ol B aiev aoXXees evSov epupvovT 
 
 Trjv 8 avre Trpooeeinre <§>iXi) Tpofos EvpvtcXeia 
 u ovk iSov, ov irvOoprjv, aXXa cftovov olov d/covcra 40 
 KTeivopevwv * rjpuels Se p^vyep OaXapucov evTrrjKTcov 
 rjpeO arv^opevcu, o~avihe<; S e%ov ev apapvlai, 
 nvpiv y ore or) pe cros vto$ auo pueyapoio KaXeacrev 
 TrfXefxayo^ * tov yap pa 7raT7)p nrpoe^Ke /caXeacrai. 
 evpov eiretT Ohvarja pera Krapevoio-c vetcvao-iv 45 
 
0AY22EIA2 XXIII. 27 
 
 ecrraoO • 01 he fiiv aficpL, Kparairrehov ovhas eyovres, 
 
 K61CLT 67T aXX7]XoL(TLV ' ihoVCTa K€ 0V/ULOV LaV07]$ 
 
 [cu/jlclti teal XvQpw ireiraXay fievov CO<TT€ XeovraA. 
 
 VVV o' 01 flkv hi] 7TCLVT6S 67T av\€L7)GL Qvpif)(JlV 
 
 aOpooi, avrap 6 ho)/jua Oeetovrau 7repifcaXA.es, 50 
 
 nrvp fxeya fcrjafievos • ae he fie mpoe^tce tcaXeacrai. 
 aXX eirev, o<ppa acpcol'v evfypoavvrjs em$r)rov 
 a/LMporepo) fyuAov rjrop, errec Katca irdXXa rreiroade. 
 vvv h rjhr] rohe fiaKpov eeXhcop eKrereXearai • 
 rjXOe fiev avros £&)o? e^eVrto?, evpe he kcli ae 55 
 
 /cat, TTciih ev ixeyapoiai • fca/ccos o' oiirep pnv epe^ov 
 /AvrjGTrjpes, rovs irdvras ertaaro &> evu olkw." 
 
 T?]v h avre irpoaeeiire 7rept<ppcov Tl^veXoTreia 
 a fxaia $1X7], /jbrjiTG) p,ey eTrev^eo KayyaXowaa. 
 oXgOcl yap &)? tc aairaaros evl fxeydpotcn <f)aveir) 60 
 
 7ract, fxaXiara h e/xot re kcli wei\ rov refcd/j,ea6a • 
 a\X.' ovic eaO ohe fivOos errjrv/ios, a>? ayopeveis, 
 aXXa T£<? dOavdrcov /crelve pbvrjarripas ayavovs, 
 b/SpLV ayacraapLevos OvfxaXyea icai kclkcl epya. 
 ovriva yap rleatcov eirtyOovLWV avOpGdirwr, 65 
 
 ov KaKOV ovhe [xev ecrOXov, ores cr<fiea<; eicadpitcoiro • 
 T&) hi araaOaXias eiraOov icaicov • avrap Ohvacrev? 
 ooXecre rrfXov voarov Ayaithos, coXero h avros" 
 
 Tr)V h rjpbeifter enreira <piXr) rpocfro? EupuicXeia 
 Ci reKvov ejiov, irolov ere erros <pvyev ep/cos ohovrcov, 70 
 7] iroaiv evoov eovra nrap ecryapt) oviror ecprjaUa 
 otArao' eXevaeaOat' Ovfio? he rot aiev airiaros. 
 aXX dye rot teal arjfia apicjipahes aXXo n eliTco, 
 ovXijv, rnqv irore puv <rv<; rjXaae Xevtccp ohdvn. 
 rrjv airoviCpvcra (ppacrafirjv, eOeXov he gov avry 75 
 
 eiirejJLev • aXXa fjue tcelvos eXcov eirt \xaaratca yepcrtv 
 
28 OAY22EIA2 *. 
 
 ovk €d eiirefxevai TroXviopeirjcri vooio, 
 
 aXX €7reu ' avrdp eycov Ifx'eOev r Kepi8(caofJbai aim}?, 
 
 at K6V a e^airdfyw, icrelvai /jl ooctlcttw oXeOpw." 
 
 Tr)v 8 r)fi€i/3eT eireira nrept^pcov UriveXoireia 80 
 
 u fjbala (frlXr], yaXeirov are Oecov aieiyeveiawv 
 Sr]vea eupvaOai, fxaXa irep 7ro\ui8piv eovaav • 
 aXX efiTrr]<z cofiev fiera 7ral8 efiov, b<f)pa iBoofiai 
 av8pa$ fxvr](TTr}pa<; reOvrjoras, r)8 b? eire^vev." 
 
 1 /2? (j)ap,evr) /care/Saiv virepw'Ca • iroKXa 8e ol fcrjp 85 
 copfjLaiv , rj airavevOe fytXou ttoglv e^epeeivoL, 
 7] irapaTaaa tcvaete fcdpr) /cat, X 6 ^P € ^ a /3ovcra. 
 7] 8 €77 et €L(TrjX0ev teal V7rep/3r} Xa'iuov ov8ov, 
 e%€T 67T6tT ' OBvarjos evavrlrj, ev irvpos avyy, 
 TOiyov rov erepov • 6 8 dpa 7rpo? tciova ixcucprp 90 
 
 r)aro kcltgo opowv, 7TOTi8ey/jL€vos et tl fitv enrol 
 l^Ol/ht) TrapaiconLs, eiret l8ev ocj)0aX/Jbolcrtv. 
 rj 8 ctveco 8r)v tjctto, racpos 8e ol f)rop i/cavev • 
 oyjrec 8 aXXore [lev \xiv €P(07Ta8ico<; e<Jt8e<7Kev i 
 aXXore 8 ayvwcraaKe KaKa %po'C elfiar eyovza. 95 
 
 1 yXefjia^o^ o eveviirev ctto? t ecpar etc t ovofxa^ev • 
 
 a Mrjrep ejubr), 8vo~{ir)T€p, airyvea Ovfiov e^ovaa, 
 
 TifyO OVTCO TTCLTpOS VOO~(f>L%€CU, Ov8e TTap CLVTOV 
 
 e^ofjLevT] [xvQokjiv aveipeaL ov8e /JLeraXXas ; 
 ov fiev k aXXrj y d)8e yvvr) t€t\t]otl 6vpL(p ioo 
 
 av8pos ac^eo-racr], o? ol feared 7ro\Xa [xoyr]aa^ 
 eXOoi eeacocrTfp ere'C 6? irarpl8a yalav • 
 vol S' cuel fcpa8ir) arepewiepr) earl XlOoio" 
 Top 8 avT€ nrpoaeeare 7r€pi<ppa>v UrjveXoTreia 
 
 U T6KV0V 6/uLOVj OvfJLOS flOl €l>l 0-T7]QeO~CTl T€0r)7r6V, 105 
 
 ov8e tl irpoacpaadac 8vvaybat €7ro? ov8 epeeaOat, 
 ovo et? o)ira toeauac evavriov. ei o ereov orj 
 
0AY22EIA2 XXIII. 29 
 
 ear OBvaevs /cat oltcov iKaverai, r) /xaXa vw'C 
 
 yvwaofieO^ a\Xr]\cov /cat Xcoi'ov ecrrt yap r\plv 
 
 G7]\xaB\ a Brj kcli vw'C KetcpvpLjieva cBfiev air aXXwv." no 
 
 *\f2? (fxno, /nelBrjaev Be iroXvTXas Bios OBvacrevs, 
 alyjra Be TifKepua^ov eirea Trrepoevra irpoarjvBa • 
 
 a Tr)\efjLa% , Tyrol /jbrjrep evi fieyapoicriv eaaov 
 ireipa^eiv epeOev • ra%a Be (frpacreTai kcli dpecov. 
 vvv B ottl puTToai, kclkcl Be %pot el/xara el/iac, 115 
 
 TobveK artfid^ei /xe Kat ovttq) <f>r}crl tov eivai. 
 rjfieLs Be (f>pa%a)p,e0 07r&)? 6% apcara yevrjrai. 
 Koi yap t/? 6 eva <f>cora KaraKrelvas evl BrifMp, 
 cp firj ttoXXoc ecoacv aoacrrjTrjpes oirccrcrco, 
 fyevyei 7tt;ou? re TrpoXiircav ko\ vrarplBa yalav • 120 
 
 rjfiels B kpiia 7roA.^o? aireKiapuev, o\ [xey aptaroc 
 Kovpcov eiv IQatcr] • ra Be o~€ cj)pa^ea6at avwya." 
 
 Tov B av TrfKefia^os Treirvvixevos avrlov rjvBa 
 u avros ravra ye Xevacre, nrarep (f>t,Xe • o-rjv yap aptaTrjv 
 IxrjTiv eir avOpcoTTOvs cf>ao~ epb/xevaL, ovBe Ke Tt? tol 125 
 aXXos avrip epicrece KaTaOvrjrcov avOpcoTrcov. 
 \j]/u,ec<> efA/jLe/ubacores apb eyo/xec; , ovoe ri <pr)fxt 
 aXKT)<$ BeurjcrecrOai,, bcrr) Bwa/jbts ye irapearLV.~\^ 
 
 Tov B airafxei^ofjievo^ irpoae^r] iroXvjJbrjTis 'OBvaaevs 
 a Toiyap eycov epeco o>? jjlol BoKei elvm apcara. 130 
 
 7rpcoTa fiev ap XovaaaOe kclL d/jL(f>teaao-0e ^tgWi?, 
 B/ucoas B ev fieyapoiacv avwyere elfiaO eXeaOac • 
 avrdp Oelos aotBos e^cov (pdp/uuyya Xtyetav 
 Tjfxiv r/yetaOco <fiiXo7raiy/bLovos op^rjO/jiolo, 
 w? Kev rt? (pair) yapuov efxpuevai €kto<; aKovcov, 135 
 
 7] av 6Bov o-ret^cov, rj 01 irepivaierdovaw ■ 
 fir} irpoaue K\eo<$ evpu <povov Kara aarv yevrjrao 
 avBpcov fMVTjarrjpcov^ irptv y r){ieas eXOepuev efjco 
 
30 OAY22EIA2 #. 
 
 aypov e? r)pberepov iroXvhevSpeop' evQa £' erreira 
 <ppaaao/ji60 ottl zee tcephos OXvpirtos eyy vaXL$;r)" 140 
 
 l /2? ecpaO , ol h apa rod puaXa p,ev kXvov r)h eiriBovro. 
 wpo)Ta puev ovv Xovcravro tcai a/mepceaavro ^trftwa?, 
 birXiaOev he yvval/ces • 6 h etXero 6elo<$ aoihos 
 fappayya yXacpvprjv, ev he g^lglv ifiepov wpaev 
 pboXirr)^ re yXv/ceprjs kcli apivpLovos op^rjOpiolo, 145 
 
 toIglv he fieja hwpua irepiGrevayjb'C.eTO itogglv 
 dvhpcov rrai^ovrcov kclXXi^wvwv re yvvaiicwv. 
 o)Se he Ti? eLTreatce hopbcov etcioaOev a/covcov ' 
 
 " 'H fiaXa Sr) Ti? eyrjpue 7roXvpLV7]cnr]v fiaaiXeiav 
 cr^erXir]^ ovh erXrj iroaios ov Kovpihioio 150 
 
 eipvaQat pueya hcopa hiapuirepes, e£o? tArotTo." 
 
 c /2? apa tj? eLTrea/ce, ra h ovtc laav o>? erervfero. 
 avrap OhvGGrja pbeyaXrjropa a) evi oikw 
 Evpupopo] TapLirj Xovaev fcai ^piaev eXata), 
 api(j>c Se pbiv <papo<; KaXov /3aXev r)he y^irwva ■ 155 
 
 avrap Kate Ke$aXr)$ tcaXXos itoXv yevev A9rji>7j 
 ^jieitpva t elaiheeiv teal iraaaova • tcah Se /caprjTO? 
 ovXa? r)tce tcopbas, vatcivOivcp avOei opLotas. 
 ft)? h ore rt? xpvaov rrepiyeverai apyvpep avr)p 
 ISpLs, ov r H<f)aio~To<; hehaev kcli IlaXXas AOtjvtj 160 
 
 re^vrjv iravTolrjv, yapievra he epya reXetet • 
 ft)? pev ra> irepl^eve X a P iv Ke $°^V Te KClL w/ttow.] 
 etc h aaapuivOov j3rj Se/xa? aOavaroiGiv 6fiolo$ ' 
 ay b aim? /car ap e£er ein vpovov evoev avearrj, 
 avnov 97? aXoyov, nai pav irpo^ pbvdov eeuirev • 165 
 
 6i A at piov 17], irepi go lye yvvatKwv OrjXvrepacov 
 Kr)p arepapuvov eOrjtcav OXvpina hwpar €%ovt€<; • 
 ov piev k aXXr) y coSe yvvr) t€tXt]otl 0vp,a> 
 avhpos acpeGTacrj, 6? ol nana iroXXa pLoyr]Ga<$ 
 
0AY22EIA2 XXIII. 31 
 
 eXOoL €€lko<tto> erei' e? irarpLBa yalav. 170 
 
 aXX aye /jlol, /lata, arropeaov A,e^o?, ocppa /ecu avros 
 Xe^ofiac • r) yap rr)ye aiBrjpeos ev <ppeaL Oufios. 
 
 Tov B avre Trpoaienre 7repL(f>pcov IlrjveXoTreLa 
 u haifjLovi , ovr dp tl fieyaXl^ofxaL ovr adepc^co 
 ovre Xlt/v ayafxat, fiaXa B ev olB oios erjada 175 
 
 e£ Iddtcrj^ eiro vrjos lojv BoXL^perfioLO. 
 aXX aye ol ardpeaov ttvklvov Xe'^o?, EvpvxXeia, 
 e/cro? eycrradeos OaXa/uov, tov p avros eiroiei • 
 evOa ol etcOeiaai ttvklvov Xe^o? efiftaXer evvrjv, 
 Kcoea kcll ^XaLvas xai prjyea aLyaXoevra." 180 
 
 1 /2? ap ecf>rj ttoq-los TreLpco/jLevrj • avrap OBvacrevs 
 oyQr\aa<$ aXo^ov irpoae^wvee xeBva LBvlav • 
 " ' 12 yvvaL, r) fiaXa tovto e7ro? Ov/uLaXyes Genres* 
 rt? Be fjLOL aXXoae Qr\xe Xe^os ; ^aXeirov Be tcev eLfj 
 tcaL fj,aX eTTLGTa/jLevq), ore (jlt) Oeos avro<$ eireXOcov 185 
 prjiBlcos edeXcjv Oelrj aXXy evl X°^PV ' 
 avBpcov B' ov tcev rt? feoo? (SpoTOS, ovBe jjloX r){3a)v, 
 pela ixero^XLaaeLev, eire), fieya o"fjfjLa rervKTat 
 ev Xe^eL ao-fcrfTO) • to 5 eyla kcl/jlov ovBe Tt? aXXos. 
 
 ovtq) tol rdBe arjfjLa irL^avaKopuaL • ovBe tl olBa, 202 
 
 7] fioi er e/jLTreBov ecrrL, yvvaL, Xe'%o?, r)e rt? rjBr) 
 avBpcov aXXoae Or) ice, rapuwv viro irvOpuev eXaLrjs." 
 
 /2? (f)aro, T77? B avrov Xvto yovvara xaL (J)lXov r)rop, 205 
 crrj/xar avayvovar)? rd ol efjnreBa Tre^paB' OBvcrcrevs • 
 Batcpvaaaa B eVetT lOvs Bpd/aev, d/Mpl Be %€ipa<: 
 BeLpr/ /3aXX OBvo~r)i\ /cdpr) B exver r)Be TrpoarjvBa • 
 
 " Mr] fjLOL, OBvaaev, gkv^v, eirei rd irep aXXa p.dXio'Ta 
 avOpojTrcov ireirvvGO • deol S' coira^ov o'C^vv, 210 
 
 ofc vwiCv ayaaavro Trap aXXrjXoLCTL p,evovT€ 
 
32 0AY22EIA2 ^. 
 
 ?//3?7? rapirrjvai kclL yrjpaos ovhov tfceadai. 
 avrap jult) vvv ftoi ro&e %coeo purjhe vepeaaa, 
 obveKa a ov to 7rpo)iov, eirei ihov, o>S ayaTTTjaa. 
 aiei yap p,oi 6ujjlo$ evl UTr\deacn ^iXoiaiv 215 
 
 eppiyei pbrj t*? p>e fiporwv wiratyoir eireeaaiv 
 eXOwv • iroXXol yap /catca /cepSea fiovXevovoiv. 
 [ovoe Kev *Apyelrj *EXev7), Alos eKyeyavia, 
 avSpi nrap aXXohairQ* efiiyy <f>iXoT7]T i Kai evvrj, 
 ei yhrj o pnv avris Aprfiot vies Ayaiwv 220 
 
 a^epuevai oltcovSe <fciXr)v e? iraTpto epieXXov. 
 TJjv 8 rpoi pe\ai #eo? wpopev epyov aei/ces • 
 ttjv & arr]v ov irpoaOev e<x> eyKarOero Ov/jlo) 
 Xvyprjv, ef 97? irpwra Kai ijpeas l/cero irev6oq.~\ 
 vvv & , 67T64 rjhrj c"r)p,aT apL(f>paoe'a KareXefjas 225 
 
 evvrjs Tj/jLerep^^ tjv ov jBpoios aXXos 07Th)7rei } 
 aXX oloi av t eyw re Kai ap^liroXos pia fiovvr), 
 A/CTopls, ?]v fJLOb hwKe 7raT7]p en Bevpo Kiovarj, 
 7} vcoiv eipvro 0vpa<z irvtcivov OaXapLoio, 
 Tveideis hi] pev Ovpov, airrjvea irep paX? eovra." . 230 
 
 1 i2? <f>dro, ra> & en paXXov v(f> ipepov copae yooio * 
 fcXaie 8 e%o)v aXo^ov Ovfiapea, tceBva tSvlav. 
 «? S or av aairaaios yrj vrjj^opevotai <fcavrj7), 
 covre IJoaeiSdcov evepyea vrj evi irovrcp 
 paiar), eTreiyofievrjV avep<p Kai Kvpuari 7rr)ya)' 235 
 
 iravpoi 8' €^e<j)vyov iroXirj^ a\o? rjireipovSe 
 VTj'XpfjLevoiy ttoXXt) Be irepi %po'i rerpotyev aXfiy, 
 aairaawi B €7rej3av yair)<;, KaKOTTjra cp>vy6vres' 
 co? apa tt) aoiraaros e?jv iroais eioopoiooT), 
 Betprjs $ ov7ray nrdpirav d(j)i€TO irriyee XevKw. 240 
 
 Kai vv. k oSvpopevoicri (j)av7] poSoSaKTvXos Hcos, 
 ei jJiT] ap aXX evorjae 6ea yXav/cayiris A0rjV7j. 
 
0AY22EIA2 XXIII. 33 
 
 vvicTa fiev €V ireparT) SoXi^r/v oyeQev, Hco 8 avrc 
 pvaar eir ' fLtceavcp %pva66povov, ovh ea t7T7rou? 
 ^evyvvaO (DKvirohas, </>ao? avQpwiroicn (frepovraSy 245 
 
 Ad/jLirov teal <feae6ov6 , on Hw ttwXol ayovaiv. 
 Kai tot ap 7]V aXoyov 7rpoo~e<f)Y] ttoXu/ul7]tl^ 'OSvaaevs * 
 
 a '12 yvvau, ov yap itw iravruv enrl irelpaT dedXcov 
 rjXOoiJLev, aXX er oiriadev a/ierprjro^ 7roVo? earau^ 
 7toX\o? Kai yakeiros, rov e/ae %pr) iravra TeXeaaai. 250 
 ft)? yap fxot ijrvxv f^avrevaaro Teipealao 
 7]/jLart tgo ore 8tj Karefirjv Bo/jlov A'iSos eccrco, 
 vqgtov eraipotcrtv Si^rifievos rj8 6jjlol avra>. 
 aXX ep^ev, Xe/crpovB lo/iev, yvvai, o(ppa /cai r/S?; 
 VTTvqy vito yXvKepqy Tap7ro)/ie6a KOt^^eWe." 255 
 
 Tov 8 afire irpoaeeiire irepifypwv UrjveXoireia • 
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OAY22EIA2 XXIII. 35 
 
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0AY22EIA2 XXIII. 37 
 
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HERODOTUS 
 
 (Text of Abicht. Teubner.) 
 
 BOOK VIII. Oh. 40. 
 
 40 e O Be EXXrjvcov vclvtikos arparo^ airo tov 'Apre- 
 fjLCacov AOrjvaiwv BerjdevTCDv e? XaXafJuva ttaTioyei 
 to? veas. TcovBe Be elve/cev TrpocreBerjdrjcrav clvtwv 
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'HPOAOTOY 0. 39 
 
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 valoL 
 
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40 HERODOTI VIII. 
 
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 50 rac. Tavra twv diro TleXoTTovvr]aov aTpaTrjyayv 
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 52 tt)Cqv, teal ov Ta? vea$. Ol Be Uepaai \topevoi enrt 
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 Kanov diriypbevoi icai tov <fcpay/u,aTO$ TrpoBe&cofcoTos. 
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'hpoaotoy e. 41 
 
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42 HERODOTI VIII. 
 
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 ^€09 oaov re rrrj^valov avaBeBpaprjKora. Ovroc pev 
 vvv ram a e(j)paaav. 
 
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 BiaXvQevres etc rov avveBplov eae/Satvov e? ras veas. 
 
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 d(3ovXirjaL. aXX el ris eari prj%apr), iOi icai rreipca 
 Bca^eai ra ftefiovXevpeva, rjv kcos Bvvr) avayvwaat Ev- 
 
 58 pv/3idBr)v peTa{3ovXevo~aa6ai, coare avrov pevetv. Kap- 
 ra Br) rep ©epioroKXeo rjpeae rj v7ro6rjfcrj, icai ovBev rrpos 
 
'hpoaotoy e. 43 
 
 ravra dfieLyjrafievos rj'Ce erri tt\v via ttjv Evpv@Lahew. 
 airticofievo^ he e^r] eOeXeLV ol kolvo'v tl 7rprjyfia avfi- 
 filijai. 6 h' avTOV e? tt]v vea eiceXeve ecrfiavTa XeyeLv, 
 el tl eOeXoL. evdavra 6 Qe/ULo-TOfcXe7]<; irapL^ofievo^ ol 
 fcaraXeyeL eicelvd re irdvra, tcl Jj/covae Mptjctlc^lXov, 
 ecovTov TTOLevpuevos, kcll aXXa 7roXXa TrpooTL0ei<$, e? b 
 aveyvcoae ^prj'i^cov etc re t?}? veos eK^rjvaL crvXXe^aL 
 re tou? GTpar.rjyovs e? to avvehpLov. f /2? he apa 59 
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 tjv 6 GefiLo-To/cXer)*; ev tol<tl XoyoLaL oia tcd-pra heo/j,evo<;. 
 XeyovTos he avrov 6 KopLvOLOS o-rparrjyo^ Ahel/xavTos 
 6 'fl/cvrov elire' * £1 Qe/uLHTTOfcXees, ev tolgl aycocrL ol 
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 fiev 777770)? irpos tov KopLV0LOv afieL-^raTo, irpos he 
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 ovk ecj)epe ol Koa/xov ovheva fcaTrjyopeeiV 6 he aXXov 
 Xoyov eL^eTo, Xeycov Tahe ' Ev ool vvv eaTL gwo-cll i 
 T7\v EXXaha, tjv efxol 7reL0r) vavy^ayjuqv avrou [xevwv 
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 tj/jllv av/ji(j)opov eaTL veas eyovctL flapvTepa? kol dpi0- 
 fjbov eXao~crova<;, tovto he diroXeeLs XaXafilvd re kol 
 Meyapa KaL ALyLvav, Y]virep rcaL Ta aXXa evTv^riatopbev. 
 apa yap tw vavTLKO) clvtcdv etyeTaL /cat, 6 7re£o? 
 <7TjOaro<?. KaL ovtco aobea<; ai/ro? a|fet9 eiii ttjv IleXo- 
 
44 HERODOTI VIII. 
 
 II rrovvr\aov, Kivhwevaei? re diraar) rrj EWaSt. ' Hv 
 Be to, eyco Xeyco Troirjaris, roadBe ev avrolcrL ^prjard 
 evprjcreis ' rrpoora fiev ev areivay avp.(3aXXovre<; vrjvai 
 oXtyrjat Trpos VoXXa?, rjv ra oi/cora ere rov rroXtpuov 
 
 eK/3aLi>r), iroXXov KpaT7]<T0[Aev, ro jap ev areLvcp 
 
 vavpuayteiv nrpos ijjuLtwv early ev evpvywpLTj Be rrpo? 
 e/ceivcov, — avrts Be SaXa/mls irepLyiveraL, e? rr)v tj/jllv 
 vTreKfceerciL reKva re kcll yvvaltces. kcll /nev /cat rdBe 
 ev clvtoIgl evean^ rov /cat irepieyeaQe pbaXLcrra ' 6/jLomds 
 avrov re fievcov irpovavpba / ^r\crei^ TieXorrovvr\(TOv kcli 
 7Tdo? Tfti IaOfio), ovBe (repeat;, etirep ev cfipoveeLs, a^eis 
 III errl rr)v TleXoiTowTjcrov. Hv Be ye Kai ra eyco 
 eXTri^co yevrjTai Kai VLKyaco/juev ttJctl vr\vcn, ovre vplv 
 e? rov IcOjjlov irapecrovTai ol /3dp/3apoL ovre 7rpo/3r)- 
 (rovrai ifcaaTepco rrjs Atthctj^, airiaai re ovBevl koct/jlcj), 
 M.eyapoiat re KepBaveo/juev irepieovat Kai, Aiyivt) kcll 
 XaXaiuvi, ev rrj i]plv kcll XoyLov ecrrL rcov eyOpwv 
 KarvirepOe yeveaOaL. OLKora puev vvv f3ovXevofievoLo~L 
 avOpodiroiGL a>? ro emirav edeXeL yLvecrOaL, fir] Be 
 OLKora /3ov\evo/jL€VOLcrL ovk eOeXeL ovBe 6 6eo$ rrpocr- 
 
 61 ^copeecv 7rpos to? av6 pcoirrj'Cas yvw/LLas. Tavra Xe- 
 
 yovros Oe/JLLCFTOKXeOS avrL<? 6 K.OpLV0LOS ABeLfJLaVTO? 
 
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 fias o-v/jL^aXXeaOaL. ravra Be ol irpoecpepe, otl tjXco- 
 Keadv re kcll Karelyovro al AOrjvaL. rore Br] 6 
 0e/jLLcrroKXer)<; eKeivov re Kai rovs KopLvOiovs iroXXa 
 re Kai KaKa eXeye, ewvroicjL re eBr\Kov Xoym a)? 6L7] 
 KaL itoXls KaL yrj /me^cov r\rrep eKeLvoLCTL, ear av olt)- 
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HPOAOTOY 0. 
 
 45 
 
 'EXXrjvwv avrovs eiriovra^ airoKpovaecrOai. Hrjfiaivcov 62 
 Be ravra too Xoyw Bieftaive e? EvpvfiidBrjv, Xeycov 
 fiaXXov eirearpapbfieva Z v ei fieveeis avrov rcac fievwv 
 eaeai dvrjp ayaOcs ' ei Be firj, avarpe^eis rr]v *EXXd- 
 Ba. to ttclv yap r\plv rov iroXefxov <pepovai at vees. 
 aXX e/jiot ireiOeo. ei Be ravra /jlt) rroirjcreis, rjfjuel^ 
 fiev, co? e^o/uuev, dvaXaftovres rovs oiice'ras Ko/jnevfieOa 
 e<? %ipiv rr)v ev IraXirj, rjirep rj/xejeprj re ecrri etc 
 iraXaiov en, /col ra Xoyia Xeyei vir r)fxeojv avrrjv 
 Beiv KriaOrjvai' vfJiels Be avpuxaywv roicovBe /jlovvcd- 
 Oevres jxepLv^aeaOe rcov epuwv Xoycov. Tavra Be Oe- 63 
 fiLaroicXeos Xeyovros aveBiBdcrKero EvpvftidBrjs. BoKeeiv 
 Be fjiOL, appcoBrjcras fiaXiara TOf? AOrjvaiovs dveBi- 
 haa/cero, pur] crc/>ea? airoXiTrojai, 7]v irpb<; rov 'laOfibv 
 avdyrj ra? vea<i. airoXirrovroiv yap AOrjvaicov, ovfce- 
 tl eyivovro a^iopuayoi ol Xomoi. ravrrjv Be alpeerai 
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 oi rrept XaXaplva erreoi aKpo(3oXicrafievoi^ erreire JEi>= 
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 aeio-pLos eyevero ev re rrj yy Kai rjj OaXacrarj. eBo^e 
 Be c(f)i ev^aaOai roicri Oeoicri Kai erriKaXeaacrOai tou? 
 AiaKiBas o-v\ip.ayov<$. co? Be c<f)i eSofe, Kai eiroievv 
 ravra ' ev^apuevoi yap rracri roicri ueoiai avrooev fxev 
 etc XaXafAivos Aiavra re Kai TeXa/iwva eireicaXeovTO, 
 errl Be Aiaicov Kai tou? aXXovs AiaKiBa? vea aTreareX- 
 Xov e? Alyivav. 
 
 E(f>7) Be AlkoIos 6 GeoxvBeos avr\p AOrfvalos, fyvyds 65 
 re Kai irapa MrjBoiai Xcyt/ios yevo/mevo$ rovrov rov 
 yjpovov, eireure eKeipero rj ArriKr] ^coprj vrro rov 7re^ov 
 arparov rov Bep^eco eovcra eprj/AOS Adrjvaicov, rvyelv 
 
46 HERODOTI VIII. 
 
 rore ewv ctfia Ar\\xapr}T<p ru> AaiceBaLiiovLU) ev too Opt- 
 aai(p ireBiw, iBeiv Be Kovioprov ywpeovra airo EXev- 
 alvos a)? avBpwv fiaXoara tcrj rptcr/jLvpccov, airoOco/ma^eiv 
 re crcpeas rov tcovioprov orecov /core eirj avOpcoircov, 
 kcu wpofcare cjxovrjs atcoveiv, teal ol cpaivecrdai rijv 
 cf>a)vr)v elvai rov fjbvorrifcov laicyov. elvai B aBarj/xova 
 rcov Ipcov rcov ev ^ EXevalvt ycvopLevcov tov Ar//judpr)rov, 
 eipecrOau re avrov, b ti ro cf) 6 eyy 6 puevov ecrj rovro • 
 clvtos Be elirai • Arjpidp7]Te y ovk ecrrc brew? ov pueya 
 ri crivos earcu rrj fiacriXeo? arparcfj. raBe yap apt- 
 BrjXa epr\fjiov eovcrr)? rr)<? Am/cr}*;, on Oelov ro cpOey- 
 yo/jLevov, airo EXevo~lvo$ tov e? rifxayptrjv A6i)vaioicri 
 re fcai toIol av/ifid^OLOTL. tcai r)v /xev ye KaraaKr^r) 
 e$ rr)v IJeXoirovvrjcrov, tclvBvvos avra> re fiaaiXei teal 
 ty] GTpaTirj ry ev ry rjireipw ecrrao, r)v he eiri Ta? 
 veas Tpa.7r7)Tai ras ev XaXapbivi, tov vavriKOV orparov 
 KivBvvevcrei ftacrCkevs a7roj3aXeiv. tt)v Be oprrjv ravrrjv 
 ay ova t AQr\vaioi avd rrdvra erea ttj Mrjrp\ kcli ry 
 Kovpr), fcai avrcov Te 6 {3ovXdjbLevo$ ical rwv aXXwv 
 EXXtjvcov pLvelrat /cal rrjv <jxi)vr)v, rrjs anoveis, ev 
 Tavrrj ry oprrj caK^d^ovcn. IIpos ravra enrelv Arjfia- 
 prjrov Sly a Te tcai jirjBevl aXXw tov Xoyov tovtov 
 eL7rr)<$. rjv yap rot e? /SacnXea aveveiyQy rd errea 
 Tavra, airo^aXeet^ rr)v Ke<$>aXr)v, ical ere ovre eyco 
 Suv7]G0/jLat pvcraaQai ovr aXXos avOpdnrcov ovBe ei$. 
 aXX e% r/air^o?, ire pi Be crrparirjs rrjcrBe Oeolcn fieXr/- 
 cret. Tov fiev Br) ravra irapaiveetv, etc Be tov kovi- 
 oprov koI rrjs <j)a)vrj$ yevecrQai vecpos ical fxerapatcoOev 
 (f)epecr0ai ein ^aXafxlvo^ em to crrparorreBov ro rwv 
 E\Xr)VG)v. ovrco Be avrov? /JLadeiv, on to vavrtKOV ro 
 Rep^ew diroXeecrQai p,eXXoi. Tavra pLev AiKalos 6 
 
'HPOAOTOY 0. 47 
 
 ©eoKvheo? eXeye, Ar)\xapr)TOV re kcll clXXgov /xapTvpcov 
 KaraTTTOfjLevos. 
 
 Oi he e? tov Eep^eco vclvtlkov OTpaiov ra^OevTe^, 66 
 eireihr) etc Tprjylvos Qr\r\o~ap,evoi to rpcbfia to Aa/ccovi- 
 kov hiefS^aav e? ttjv 'IaTiaiav, eiriGyovTes rjfxepas 
 Tpels eirXcoov hi Evplirov, kcli ev ereprjai Tpicrl r^e- 
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 eXaacroves eovTes apiOpuov eo~e/3aXov e? tcis AOijva^, 
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 toicti T€ v7ro tov ^eipboovo^ clvtcov airoXopLevoiai kcll 
 tolctl ev ©epfjLOTrvXr,ai kcll Trjai err ApTe\xicnco vav- 
 fjba^irjai, Tovahe tou? tot€ ovkco eirofxevov; {3ao~iXti, 
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 Tcuecov, kcll fiaXa KapvcrTiovs Te kcll Avhpiovs koli 
 
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 cbv aiTLKaTo e? Til? AOrjvas 7ravTe<; ovtol ttXtjv Hapicov 
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 to <l?aX7)pov, evdavTtz KaTe(3rj ai/ro? He^y^? eiri Ta? 
 veas, eOeXcov o~<pi crvfji/M^ai Te kcil TrvOeaOai tcov enri- 
 ttXcoovtcov tcls yvco/nas. eirei he airiKopLevos Trpoi^eTO, 
 iraprjaav- fxeTairefjiTTTOL ol tcov euvecov tcov acpeTepoov 
 
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 a)? he KOGfJLo? eVef?7? l^ovto, 7refiyjra<; Hepf?;? Mapho- 
 
48 HERODOTI VIII. 
 
 viov ecpcoTa, a7ro7retpeofi€vo$ efcacrTov, ei vavfxayirjv 
 68 1TOL60LTO. Eirel Be irepucov ecpcora 6 MapBdvios dp%d- 
 
 [JLeVOS CL7T0 TOV ^tBcOVlOV, 01 fJbeV Br) oXXoi KCLTO. TCOVTO 
 
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 I AprepbKJirj Be TaBe ecprj' Elwat fiot irpos /3ao~LXea y 
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 eXdyicrra aTroBe^a/jbevrjv^ BeairoTa^ rrjv eovcrav yvcofirju 
 fie Bi/catov ecTTi airoBeLKwaQai^ ra Tvyydvco cppoveouaa 
 dpMJra e? 7Tpr]<yijLaTa ra era. ical tol TaBe Xeyco, 
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 dvSpes tcov crcov avBpcov fcpeereroves Tocrovrd eleru Kara 
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 ere vavi±ayjL'r)<Ji avatcivhvveveiv ; ovk: e^et? fjuev ra? 
 
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 voecov eXrfkvOas. ou yap oioi re iroXXov %povov eicrl 
 toi avreyeiv ol r EXXrjves, aXXa ercf)ea$ BiacnceBas, Kara 
 TroXt? Be hfcaaroi cpev^ovrat. ovre yap aero? irapa 
 crcpicn ev rrj vr\erco ravrr), a)? eyco irvvuavofiai, ovre 
 clvtovs OLKOS, t)v erv eiri ttjv JJeXoTrovvrierov eXavvrjs 
 tov iretfpv crrparov, arpefueetv rovs e/cetOev avrcov 
 tffcovras, ovBe crcf>b fieXi^aei nrpo tcov AOrjvaicov vau- 
 
 ni fjLd'xeeiv. Rv Be avTL/ca eirei^Or)^ vavp,ayr\aai^ Bei- 
 fialvco, fir) 6 vavTtfcos cnpaTos KdfccoOeLS tov iretpv 
 
'hpoaotoy e. 49 
 
 Trpoo-SrjXi^Tjrac. nrpo<s 8e, eo fiacriXev, tcai roSe e? 
 Ovfjbbv (3aXev, rw? Tolari /j.ev yjpr)arolai twv avOpcorrcov 
 (cafcoi BovXoc ^tXeovat ylveaQai, rolai Be KatcoLai 
 XprjarTOC. aoc Be edvri apiary avBpuyv rravrwv tcafcol 
 BovXoi ecac, ol ev a v/j. fiasco v Xoya> Xeyovrai eivaL, 
 eovres AiyvirrLoi re /cat JLvrrpioi icai KiXiKes kcli 
 TIafi(f)v\ot, Tcov bcfreXos eart ovBev. Tavra Xeyovar]^ 69 
 Trpos MapBovtov, ocroi fiev rjaav evvooi rrj Apre/niairj, 
 <rv{jL<fiopr)v erroievvro rovs Xoyovs co? tcaicov n Treccro- 
 fjbevrjs rrpos (3aaL\eo<s, otl ovk ea vavfjba^irji/ TTOteeaOai, 
 ol Be ayeojJLevoi re icai <fi6oveovres wry, are ev 
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 airovBatTjv elvai Tore rroXXa) /jlclXXov atvee. o/z«? Be 
 TOLat rrXeoat rreuOeaOaL e/ceXeue, raBe KaraBofjas, 7rpo? 
 fjbev Euftoir) cr^>ea? eOeXoicafceeiv «? ov 7rapedvro<; 
 avrov, Tore Be avros irapeofcevaaro drj^aaadac vav- 
 ^ayeovra^. 
 
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 vea<; eirl rrjv ^aXa/jucva, tcai rrapeKplOrjO-av BiarayQev- 
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 ol Be irapecnceva^ovro e? ttjv varepat^v. rovs Be 
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 vav^ayeeiv (xeXXoiev, viKJ)Qevre^ re ev vqacp arroXafji- 
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 4 
 
50 HEROD OTI VIII. 
 
 ovcrav WKia eiropevero eiri rr)v HeXoTrovvrjaov • kclitoi 
 ra Svvara iravra efjLejJbrj^avrjTO, okcqs tea'- rjireipov 
 pur) ecr/3aXoiev ol /3ap/3apoi. &)? yap eirvOovro Tayjivra 
 TieKoirovvir\Gioi toi;? aptyi AecoviBrjv ev &epfjLoirvXr)ai 
 rereXevrrj/cevai, ovvBpapLovres etc tgov ttoXlwv e? iov 
 
 lodjXOV itpVTOy KCLI (T<j)l 67Tr]U (TTpaT7)yO$ K.Xedfl/3 pOTOS 
 
 6 Ava^avBpiBeco, AecovlBeco Be aBeX<peo\. l^opevoi Be 
 ev t&> la6fjb(p Kdb avy^coaavre^ tt)v HxipcoviBa 6Bov, 
 fiera rovro co? <r(f)i eBo^e fiovXevopbevoicn, oltcoBopueov 
 Bca 70v ^loQpbOv relyos. cure Br) eovaewv fivpidBcdv 
 TroXXecov kcli iravios avBpos epyatpjxevov rjvero to 
 epyov * fcai yap XiOot, icai ttXlvOol K.ai gvXa real 
 (bopfiot ^afipiov irXripees ecretyopeovro, icai eXtvvov 
 ovBeva %povov oi {3a)0ri<TavT€<z epya^ofievoi, ovre wk,~ 
 
 72 ros ovre rj/iepr)?. Ol Be fiayOrjaavTe? e? iov loQiiov 
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 'AptcaBe? rravres rcai HXecoi icai KopivOiOi real Xlkv- 
 covlol Kai EiriSavpioi icai ^Xtacnoi Kai Tpoi^rjvioi Kau 
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 appcoBeovre? rj) 'EXXuBl KLvBvvevovarj^ rolcri Be aXXoicri 
 TleXoirovvTjo- iota v ep,eXe ovBev. OXvfnria Be Kai Kap- 
 veia irapot^cDKee 97877 
 
 74 Ol p,€V Br) ev tw Ia0p,Q) roLOvrrp irovw avveara- 
 arav, are irepi rov rravros 77877 Bpopiov Oeovres /cao rycrL 
 vrjval ovfc eXrrL^ovreq eXXafi^eaOai ' ot Be ev 'XaXa/MVi 
 bjJL(o<; ravra rrvvOavofxevoi appcoBeov, ov/c ovrco rrepL 
 acj)LCTL avTolai BeifiaLvovTes, a>? irep\ rf) UeXorrovvr}o-(p. 
 Tect>? fiev Br) avTU>v avr)p avBpc nrapaaras cnyr) Xoyov 
 eiroieero, Oco/xa iroievpuevoi rrjv EvpvfttaBeco a{3ovXtr)v, 
 reXos Be e^eppdyt) e? to pbeaov. arvXXoyo? re Br) 
 eyivero, /cal ttoXXci eXeyero nrep\ rwv avrcov, ol fiev, 
 
HPOAOTOY B. 
 
 51 
 
 0)9 6? rrjv IJeXorrovvrjaov xpecov eurj arrorrXweLV teal 
 irept efceLVTjs KLvBvveveLv, firjBe rrpo xcoprjs BopLaXcorov 
 fvevovras [LayeoOai, AQrjvaloL Be icai AijivrjraL kcll 
 Meyapee? avrov /xevovra^ dfAvvaaOai. 'EvOavra Se- 75 
 fiiaTOfcXer)? co? eaaovro rrj yvcopLr) viro rccy HeXo7rov- 
 vrjaLcov, XaOtov e^epyeraL eic rod avveBplov, igeXOav 
 Be irefiTret, e? to arpardireBov to Mr]Bcov dvBpa irXolco, 
 evreLXafievos ra XeyeLV ypecov, rco ovvofia fiev r\v 
 Xlklvvo^^ oifceT7)s Be kcll rraLBaytoyb? yjv rcov Qefiiaro- 
 KXeo? itulBcov, rov Br) varepov rovrcov rcov it pr\y \xdr cov 
 OefAL<iTOtcXer)s Qeainea re erroLrjae, co? eireBeKovro ol 
 SetrirLees ttoXltitcls, kcll ^prj/jiacn oX(3lov. o? ToVe 
 irXoLqy aTriKOfJbevos eXeye wpos rovs crrpariqyov^ rcov 
 fiapftdpcov rdBe • EirepL-^re fie arparr)yo<; 6 AOr/valcov 
 XaOprj rcov aXXcov 'EXXrjvcov (rvyyavei yap tppove'cov 
 ra ftaoiXeos kcll ftovXdfievos fxaXXov rd vfxerepa 
 KdTvirepOe yivecQai ?) ra rcov EXXtjvcov it pr\y fiai a) 
 (ppdcrovray on ol EXXrjves Sprjafiov /3ovXevovraL fcarap- 
 pcoBrj «:oTe?, kcll vvv rrapeyeL kclXXlcttov vfiea? epyov 
 dirdvrcov e^epyacraaOaL, r)v fir) irepLLBrjre BLaBpavra? 
 clvtovs. ovre yap aXXr]XoLaL op^ocppoveovcrL ovr erL 
 avrLarr/aovraL v/jlIv, rrpo? ecovrovs re crcpea? btyeirOe 
 
 f \\r/ ,/ \v/ 
 
 vavfiayeovra^ rovs ra v/uerepa cppoveovras KaL tou? firj. 
 O fiev ravra acpL crrjfirjva^ eKiroBcov air aXXaa aero • 76 
 rolaL Be &)? rzLcrra eyLvero ra ayyeXOevra, rovro fxev 
 e? rrjv vrjalBa rr)v WvrraXeLav, /mera^u SaXafiivos re 
 K€L[iev7)v kcll rrjs rjireLpov, ttoXXovs rcov TIepaecov aire- 
 /3L/3acrav y rovro Be, eireiBr) eyLVOvro fiecraL WKres, 
 
 3^ N\33f/ / -/ \ 
 
 avr/yov /xev ro air ecnreprj^ Kepas KVKXov\ievoL rrpo<$ 
 rrjv XaXa/jilva, dvrjyov Be ol a/xcpl rr)v Keov re KaL 
 rr)v Kvvoaovpav rerayfievoL, Karelyov re f^e^pL Mou- 
 
52 HERODOTI VIII. 
 
 vv%Lr)s irdvTa tov irop6fxov rrjau vrjvcrL TcovBe Be 
 elve/cev avrjyov Ta? i^a?, ova Br) Tolat f EXXrjat fir)Be 
 (frvye'iv e£fj, aXX a7roXa{icp6evTes ev rrj XaXajMvi, Bolev 
 tlctiv tcov eir ApTefiiatcp aycovicr/jLaTcov. e? Be rrjv 
 vrjalBa Trjv WvTTaXeiav KaXeo fievrjv a7rej3tfia^ov tcov 
 Uepaecov, TcovBe eivetcev, a>?, eireav yevrfTat vavjxayjbr)^ 
 evdavra fjuxXtara e^otaofievcov tcov re avBpcov teal 
 tcov vavr)yicov (ey yap Br, iropco rrjs vavybayir)*; T?j? 
 fieXXovar)? ecreadac eiceero i) vrjaos^, Iva tovs filv 
 TrepiTroiecocri, tou? Be Btacf)Oecpcoat. eiroievv Be criyr) 
 ravra, &>? fir) irvvOavoicno ol evavTiou. Oc fiev Br) 
 ravra rrj$ vvkto? ovBlv a7TOKOifir]6evre<; irapapTeovTO. 
 
 77 Xprjcrfioicrt, Be ov/c e%co avTiXeyeiv cos ov/c eicri 
 aXrjOees, ou ftovXdfievos evapyeco? XeyovTa? ireipaaOai 
 KaTafiaXXeiv, 69 TotdBe 7Tpr]yfiara ecrfiXeyfras. 
 
 A\X orav 1 Aprep.idos -^pvcraopov lepbv o.ktt)v 
 vrjvcn ye(pvpa>(TG)cn kcu clvak'trfv Kvvocrovpav, 
 eXrridi paivopivy Xmapas Trepo-avres "AQ'qvas, 
 8la Aikt] (r/3eVcrei Kparepov Kopov, "Yfiptos vlou, 
 detvov ju,ai/xcooi/ra, SoKevvr ava tvavra T7ideo~6ai. 
 XoKkos yap x a ^ K< ? o-vppitjeTai, alpart 8' "Aprjs 
 tvovtov (poivi^ei. tot iXevdepov 'EAXacW rjpap 
 evpvoTra Kpovidrjs errdyei kcu ivorvia Nlkt). 
 
 e? rocavra fiev kcli ovtco evapyecos Xeyovri Bd/aBi 
 avTiXoytr)? xprja ficov nrepi ovre avros Xeyecv ToXfieco 
 ovre irap aXXcov evBe/cofiai. 
 
 78 Tcov Be ev XaXafilvi aTparrjywv eylvero wOicrfios 
 Xoycov 7roX/V.o?. yBecrav Be ovkco, otl crcfte'as irepie- 
 KVKXeovro rrjac vrjval ol @dp(3apoi, aXX coanrep rrjs 
 rj/neprjs copeov avrovs Teray/jLevovs, eBo/ceov Kara %co- 
 
 79 priv elvai. XvvearrjKOTwv Be tcov cnpaTrjycov ei; Al- 
 
'hpoaotoy e. 53 
 
 ytvrjs Bie/3rj 'ApLcrTetBys 6 Ava-tfia^ov, avr\p 'AOrjvalos 
 fjbev, e^coarpaKLcr/^evo^ Be viro tov Srjfjbov, tov eyco 
 vevofMfca, irvv6av6[ievo^ avrov top Tpoirov, apiarov 
 dvBpa yeveaOaL ev AOrjvyai tcaL SifcaioTCLTOV. ovtos 
 covrjp era? 67rl to crvveBptov egetcaXeeTo OepLLcrTOfcXea, 
 eovTa fjiev ecovTco ov cptXov, eyQpov Be tcl /uLaXtcrTa • 
 viro Be fieydOeos tcov irapeovTcov kclkcdv Xt}6tiv eiceLvcov 
 TroLev/nevos egefcaXeeTO, eOeXcov avTco av/a/jit^ai. 7rpocucr}- 
 ko€€ Be, otl crirevBoLev 01 airo IIeXo7rovvrjcrov avayeiv 
 Ta? pea? 7rpo? top IctO/jlov. &)? Be egr}X0e ol Oe/bLL- 
 o-TOKXerjs, eXeye ApLcrTeiSr]? TaSe * 'jFfy-ea? aTaata^etv 
 Xpecov eorTi ev Te tco aXXcp tcatpcp /cat Br) icai ev rcoSe 
 irepi tov 6/coTepos rjfxecov 7rXeco ayada ttjv iraTpiha 
 epydo-eTCLi. Xeyco Be toi, otl lgov eo~Ti 7roXXa Te teat 
 oXtya Xeyeiv irepi airoirXoov tov evOemev JJeXoirovvr}- 
 glolctl. eyco yap avTOTTTrj? toi Xeyco yevojievo?, otl 
 vvv ovB rjv eOeXcocrL KoptvOtoL Te /caL auio? Evpv/St- 
 a8r)$ oIol Te eaovTaL eKirXcocTM • Trepte^ojjLeOa yap viro 
 tcov 7roXe/jLi(ov kv/cXco. aXX eaeXOcov ercpL TavTa ar)- 
 jJbTjvov. 'O &' dfielfteTO TOLcrlBe ' KdpTa Te ^prjcrTa 80 
 StaKeXeveaL kcxl ev nqyyetXas. tcl yap eyco eBed/irju 
 yeveaOaL, avTo? avToirT7)<; yevo/nevos TjKeL^. lgOl ydp 
 eg e/xeo Ta nroLevfJueva viro MtjBcov. eBee ydp, oTe ovk 
 eicovTe? rjOeXov e? l^d^v KaTLcrTaaOaL ol ' EXXrjves, 
 aeicovTas irapaaTr}aaa6aL. crv Be eireLirep rjtcei? xpy- 
 <rra airayyeXXcov, atrro? o~(f)L dyyeLXov. rjv yap eyco 
 avTa Xeyco, Bogco nrXdcras XeyeLv KaL ov rreiaco &>? 
 ov TTOLevvTcov tcov /3ap/3dpcov TavTa. aXXa acpL o~r\- 
 /ultjvov avTos irapeXOcov, &)? e%eL. e7reav Be o-tj/jltivt)?, 
 rjv /lev TreiOcovTaL, TavTa Br] Ta KaXXLCTa, rjv Be 
 
 aVToldL [XT] TTLCTTa yeVTJTaL, 6/JLoloV TjfUV ecTTai. ov 
 
54 HERODOTI VIII. 
 
 yap €tl 8ia$pr)(T0VTai, eiirep Trepieyo\xe6a iravTayoQev, 
 
 81 a)? av Xeyecs. Tavra eXeye TrapeXdcov 6 ApiaTeLBr)*;, 
 (pa/xevos ef Aiyivr)^ re r)Keiv Kal yitoyt? eK7rXwaat 
 Xadcov tovs €7rop/jL€ovTa<; • irepLeyecrOai yap irav to 
 
 <TTpaT07Tۤ0V TO 'EXXrjVLKOV V7T0 TO)V V6COV T(OV *Eep- 
 
 f eco ' 7rapapT€€a0at re crwefiovXeve oo? aXe^rjao/jLevow;. 
 Kai 6 fiev TavTa etTra? pL€T€o-TT\icee, tgov Be ovtis 
 eytveTO Xoycov ap,(f)io-/3ao-ir) • oi yap irXevves tcov GTpa- 
 
 82 TTjywv ovk eireiOovTo Ta e^ayyeXdevTa. Aino-TeovTcov 
 Be tovtcov rj/ce TpLTjprj? avBpwv Trjvicov avTOjULoXeouaa, 
 Trj? r)pX € avrip UavaiTios 6 ^waijAeveos, rj7rep Br) ecpepe 
 Tr)v aXi}Qeiav Traaav. Bid Be tovto to epyov Iveypa- 
 <pr]aav Trjvioi ev AeX<f>o7cn e<? tov TpliroBa ev toIctl 
 tqv /3ap(3apov fcaTeXovat. aw Be mv TauTY) ttj vrji 
 tt} avTOfioX7)o~aarr) e? ^aXapuva /cal rfj irpoTepov eir 
 ^ApTefiiaiov Tjj ArjfiviT} e^eirX^povTO to vavTiKov Tolai 
 
 EXXr)o~i e? Ta? oyBcoKOVTa Kal Tpir)Koaias veas' Bvo 
 yap Br) vewv TOTe /caTeBee e? tov apiO/jbov. 
 
 83 Total Be (/ EXXr)o~L <»? ttigto, Br) Ta Xeyopueva r\v 
 tcov Ttjvlcov pr/fiaTa, irapeaKeva^ovTO &>? vavfjia^rjaov- 
 T6?. rjcos Te Br) Bie<f)aive, Kal o% avXXoyov twv eiri- 
 ftaTecov TroLrjadfxevoL, irporjyopeve ev e^ovTa puev €k 
 TrdvTcov GefiicTTOfcXer)?, to, Be eirea f)v TrdvTa Kpeaaco 
 Tolai eaaoai avTiTiOepieva. bo~a Be ev avOpcoirov <pvai 
 Kai KaTaaTacn eyyiveTai, Trapaiveaa? or) tovtcov Ta 
 Kpeaao) alpeeadai, Kal tcaTairXe^as tt)v prjaiv, eaftau- 
 veiv e/ceXeve e? t<x$ veas. Kal ovtoi puev Br) eaefiai- 
 vov, Kai r\Ke r) air Aiyivr)$ Tpir\pr)<;, r] Kara tov<; 
 AuaKiBas aTreBrjfirjae. evOavTa avrjyov Tas veas dira- 
 
 84 aa<; oi EXXrjves. Avayofxevoi.cn Be a$i avTiKa eire- 
 KeaTo ol {3dp(3apoL oi puev Br) aXXoi EXXrjves [eVt] 
 
'HPOAOTOY 0- 55 
 
 irpv/jLvrjv ave/cpovovTO real cotceXXov Tti? yeas, Afieivirjs 
 Be UaXXrjvevs dvrjp ' 'AOrjvaios e^ava^Oel^ vrj'c epb(3aX- 
 Xet. avfj,7r\aK€Lcrr)s Be T77? i/eo? kcll ov Bvvafievcov 
 airaXXayrjvai, .ovtco Brj ol aXXot, Afietvoy ficoOeovTes 
 avvefJLtajov. Adrjvaioi puev ovtco Xeyovao rrjs vavfia- 
 %t?7? yevecrdac tt]v ap^u, Aiyivryrai Be tt\v kcltcl tows, 
 AcaKtBa^ diroBi]pLr\aaaav e? Aoycvav, raurrjv eivau tt}v 
 dp^aaav. Xeyerao Be teal TaBe, &)? ^>aa/xa a<j)c yvvai- 
 /eo? €(f)avr], cpavecaav Be BtaiceXevaaaOab cocrre tcai airav 
 aicovcrac to tcov * EXXr\vcov arpaToireBov ovecBicracrav 
 irporepov rdBe' '12 Bai/jbdvLoo, f^e^pc (cocrov ere irpvp,- 
 vi]v avarcpovaeo-Qe ; Kara fiev Brj Adrjvaiovs erera- 85 
 ycuTo woivc/ces Iovtol yap euyov to nrpos iLXevaivos 
 T€ teal eenrepr]^ tcepas} koltol Be AatceBai/jioviovs Icoves • 
 ovtol B elyov to irpbs ttjv r\co t€ koI top Heipatea. 
 rjOeXotca/ceov fjbevTov avTcov kclto, t<x? QefiLGTOtcXeos 
 evToXas oXljoi^ ol Be irXevves ov. eyco pev vvv crvy 
 vcov ovvopbCLTa Tpiiqpapycov rcaTaXe^ai tcov veas EXXrj- 
 vlBcls e\6vTwv, xprjcrofiai Be auToiarc ovBev ttXtjv Geo- 
 
 fJL7]aT0p0^ T6 TOV AvBpoBd(JLCLVTO<S ICCM ^vXafCOV TOV 
 
 laTLCLiov, ^a/xicov dficf)OTepcDir. TOuBe Be e'lveicev fiep,- 
 vrjficu tovtcov fiovvcov, otl Seojjbr\aTcop puev Bi.a tovto 
 to epyov XafAOu eTvpavvevcre KaTaaTrjcrdvTCOv tcov Hep- 
 crecov, $vXafco<> Be evepyeTt]^ fiaaiXeos dveypa^rj kol 
 X w pV 0L eBcoprjOrj TroXXr]. ol B' evepyeTcu /3a<rtXeo? 
 opoaayyai, /caXeovTat UepcnaTu Tlepo fiev vvv tov- 86 
 to 1/? ovtco €t%e, to Be irXrjOos tcov vecov ev ttj %aXa- 
 fuvu €fcepai'£eTo, at puev vtt Adrjvatcov Bta^decpd/ievaL, 
 at, Be vtto AiyivrjTecov. aTe yap tcov (xev f EXXr\v(ov 
 crvv Koerfi<p vav/juayeovTcov /caTa Tatjcv, tcov Be (Bapfia- 
 pcov ovTe TeTay/juevcov €tl ovt€ q~vv vow irooeovTcov 
 
56 HEKODOTI Vm. 
 
 ovBev, e/meXXe toiovto a<f>t crvvoioreaOai,, olov irep a-ne^T). 
 tcaiTOi 7]oav ye Kai eyevovro Tavrrjv tt)v rjpeprjv fia/cpay 
 afjueivoves avroi ewvrwv rj irpos Evfioij), Tras T£? irpo- 
 Ovfxeopievo^ kcli BeipLaivcav tZep^rjv, eBoKee re e/cacrTo? 
 
 87 etovTov Or^aeoOai fiaaiXea. Kara fxev Br) tol>? aX- 
 X,ou? ovk e%G> fi€T6^€repov<; earelv aTpe/ceco? &>? etcaaTOL 
 twv fiapftapwv rj twv 'EXXrjvcov rjycovi^ovTO, Kara Be 
 *ApT€pLLci7)v raBe eyevero, air cov evBoKifir/ae fxaWou 
 en irapa fiaGiXe'C' e7reiBr) yap e? Oopv/Sov 7roXXoi> 
 airmeTo ra /3aaiXeo<; 7rpr\yixaTa, tv tovtg) tg> Kaipa> 
 
 7) ApT€fJLl(Ti,7)S eBl(t)K€TO VTTO ^€0? ATTlKrj<i ' KOI 7) OVK 
 
 eyovGa Bia<pvyeiv, epnrpooQe yap avrrjs rjaav aXXai 
 vees <f)iXiai, tj Be avrrj<i irpo? tcdv iroXepbicov piaXiara 
 ervyyave eovaa, eBo^e ol roBe rroirjaai, to zeal avvr]- 
 veiKe 7roi7)aacr7) • BicoKOpievr) yap viro t??? Attiktj^ 
 fapovoa €ve t 3a\e vrji <j)iXir) avBpwv re KaXvvBeoov kcli 
 avrov eiriirXwovro^i tov KaXvvBecov ftaaiXeos Aa/naat- 
 dvfxov. ei fxev Kai ri veiKos 77-yoo? avrov eyeyovee ere 
 irepi EXXr]a7TovTov eovTwv y ov fievToi eycoye eyco 
 eiire'Lv, ovre ei eK rrpovoir)? avra eiroirjae^ ovre et 
 avveKvpTjtre r) rcov KaXvvBe&v Kara tv^tjv nrapaire- 
 crovaa vrjv?. &>? Be eve/3aXe re Kai KareBvcre, evTvyir) 
 j^prjaajxevrj BurXoa ecovTrjv ayaOa epyaaaro • 6 Te yap 
 7?}? Attiktjs veo<$ TpiTipapyos &)? elBe fiiv efifiaXXov- 
 aav vrji avBpwv /Sapfiapwv, vomica*; tt\v vea tt)v Ap- 
 Tefiiair)<$ tj EXXrjviBa elvai r) avrofioXeeiv eK twv 
 /3ap/3apcDV Kai avrolai afivveiv y airoaTpe^ra^ 7Tpo? aX- 
 
 88 Xa? erpaireTO. Tovro piev toiovto avrrj avvqveiKe 
 yeveaOai Biafyvyelv re Kai pur) airoXeoOai. tovto Be 
 crvvepT) coare kokov epyacrapLevrjv airo tovtcdv avrqv 
 [xaXiora evBoKipLrjaai irapa 'Bep^rj. Xeyerai yap /3a- 
 
'HPOAOTOY 0. 57 
 
 GiXea OrjevpLevov fxaOeiv ttjv vea e/JLpaXovGav kcu Bij 
 riva eiirai tcov irapeovTcov • Aecrirora^ opa<; Apre/mi- 
 gitjv, &)? ev aycovt^eTat, kcli vea tcov TToXepucov /care- 
 Bvg€ ; Kac tov eiretpeoOai, ei aXrjdecos ecrrc ApTepn- 
 air)? to epyov, Kau tovs cpavai, aacpecos to eTnarj/jiov 
 t?J? veos 67nara/ii€vov<; • ttjv Be BiacfrOapelcrav rjiricrTeaTO 
 elvai TToketiirjv. tcl t€ yap aXXa, ft)? eipr\Tai, avTrj 
 avvriveiKev e? evTvyliqv yevofxeva icai to tcov efc t?5? 
 KaXvvBifcrjs veo$ p,r)Beva airocrcoOevTa KaTrjyopov yeve- 
 o~6ac. 'Bep^rjv Be eiirai XeyeTai 7rpo<$ Ta cppa^o/ieva • 
 Oi fxev avBpes yeyovaal /uloi yvvaitces, al Be yvvaltces 
 avBpes. TavTa fiev aeptjrjv cpacrl einrai. 'Ev Be tco 89 
 ttovco tovtco airo fiev kOave 6 crTpaTijyos Apiaftuyvr)? 
 o Aapewv, Geptjeco ecov aBeXcfreos, airo he aXkoi tto\- 
 Xoi T€ Kac ovvo/jLao-Tol Uepaecov teal MyBcov teal tcov 
 aXXcov av/jL{ia%G)v, oXiyou Be TLves /cal ' EXXrjvtov. aT€ 
 yap veeiv eiriGTapLevoi, toIctl al vees BcecfcOeipovTO, ol 
 fir) ev ^eipcov vofico aTroXXvpLevoL €? tt)v ^aXa/ilva 
 Bieveov. tcov Be j3ap/3apcov ol ttoXXol ev tjj QaXacrcn] 
 BiecpOaprjaav, veeiv ovk eTnaTapuevoi. eirec Be at irpco- 
 Tai e? cfivyrjv eTpairovTO^ evOavTa ai TrXeicnai, Bie- 
 cfiOetpovTo. ol yap oiriaOe TeTaypuevoi, €? to it poo 6 e 
 ttjgl vrjval irapievai TreipeopLevoi oj? airoBe^ofAevot, tc 
 fcal avrol epyov j3aaiXe'C, ttjgl acpeTepyac vtjuctl cpev- 
 yovarjo-L irepieiTiiTTov. EyeveTo Be Kac ToBe ev tco 90 
 6opvj3cp tovtco • tcov Tives <&oivUcov, tcov at vees Bie- 
 <j>6apaTo, eXOdvTes irapa fiacuXea Bte/3aXXov toi;? 
 Icovas, ft)? Bi exeivovs airoXoiaTO ai vee<s, go<? TrpoBov- 
 
 TCOV. OUVr)V€LK€ COV OVTCO COGTe IcOVCOV T€ TOf? GTpa- 
 
 Trjyovs fir) aTroXeoOab, <&oivlkcov T6 tou? Bia{3aXXovTa<$ 
 Xa/3eiv TOiovBe \xigQov • eTi tovtcov Tama XeyovTcov 
 
58 HERODOTI VIII. 
 
 eve/3aXe V7]'C ' } Attlkt) XapuoOpiiLKLr] viivg. r) re Br) 
 ^Arrifcr) KareBuero, kcxl e-rrLcpepopLevrj Alytvalrj vr/vs 
 KareBvae tcov ^a/jLoOprjlfccov ttiv vea. are Br) eovTes 
 dfcovTMTTal ol ^a/jLodprji'fces too? e7Ti/9ara? airo tP/s 
 KaTaBvadcrrjs veo<$ fiaXXqvTes airr]pa^av kcll eTreftrjaav 
 76 Kal ecryov avTrjv. ravra yevdpbeva too? Icovag 
 eppvaaro • &>? yap elBe acpeas ae'ptjrjs epyov fieya 
 epyaaapevow, erpairero irpos too? Qolvikcls ola virep- 
 Xvireofievos re feat iravTag aLTLcop,evo$, /cat acpecov e/ce- 
 Xevcre tcl? KecpaXas airorafieiv, Iva pur] clvtoI kclkoi 
 yevopLevoL tovs apLecvova? BiaftaWcocri. b/ccos yap Tiva 
 lBol Hepffrjs tcov icovTOv epyov re airoBeiKyvpuevov ev 
 rrj vavpuayLi], KaTr]pL€vo$ vtto tco ovpet, tco avTLOv 2,a- 
 Xaplvos, to KaXeerab AiyaXecos, aveirvvdavero tov 
 TroniaavTCL, tcaL ol ypafipbancrral aveypacpov TrarpoOev 
 tov Tpvripapyov tcai ttjv ttoXlv. 7rpo? Be tl /cat, irpocr- 
 e(3a\ero cpiXog ewv Aptapa/juvrjs avrjp Hepcrr)g irapecov 
 
 TOVTOV TOV <&OLVlfC7)toV 7Ta0€O<;. 
 
 91 Ol fiev Br) 7rpo? tov<; <PoLVL/ca<z erpairovro, tcov Be 
 fiapftdpeov e? cpvyijv Tpairop.evcov kcil etcirXcoovTcov 7rpo? 
 to <&aXr\pov Aiyivr)Tai viroaTavTes ev tco TropOp.co epya 
 direBe^avro Xoyou a^ia. ol fiev yap AOrjvaloL ev tco 
 OopvjBco enepa'C'Cpv Tag tc avTicrTapbevas kcll t<z? cpev- 
 yovaag tcov vecov, ol Be ALyLvrjraL Tag eKirXcoovaag • 
 okcos Be TLveg too? AOrjvaLOvg BLacpvyoLev, cpepopuevoL 
 
 92 ecreiTLiTTOv e? too? ALyLvryrag. Ev0avTa avvefcvpeov 
 veeg 7] Te QepLLCTTOicXeos BLcofcovcra vea, naL rj JJoXv- 
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 Ti]v AiyLvatTiv, 67T 7]$ eirXcoe UvOerjs 6 layevdov, 
 tov ol llepcraL KaraKOirevia apeTrjs eLvetcev eLyov ev 
 
'HPOAOTOY 0. 59 
 
 TTj V7)C €K7ray\eofi€voc. tov ht] Trepcayouaa ap,a toigi 
 nepcrrjac rfXco vi]v<; r) ^chcovcrj loare Hv6er)v ovrco crco- 
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 tcrjv o IIoXvfcpLToS) eyvco to o'tj/jltjcov ihcov ttjs <rrpa- 
 Trjychos, teal ftcoaas tov SepaaTOKXea eTrefcepTOfirjcre e? 
 tcov AiycvrjTecov tov {jltjBlct/jlov ovechc^cov. tclvtcl puev 
 vvv vtjC €/jbj3a\(ov 6 Uo\vKpLTO<$ direppL^re e? QepLL- 
 crTO/cXea, ol he fiapfiapot, tcov al vees Trepieye'vovTo, 
 cpevyovTes clttIkovto e? <PdXr]pov viro tov iretpv aTpa- 
 tov. Ev he Ty vav/jba^irj TavTrj rj/covaav 'EXXtjvcov 93 
 apLGTa Aiyivryrai, eiro he Adrjvalot, avhpcov he IIoXv- 
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 'AvayvpdaLos tcai Afieivir)? IlaXXrjvevs, 6? kcll ' ApTe- 
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 piiv rj kcll avTOS tjXco. toIgl yap A6r)valcov Tptrjpdp- 
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 fivpiac hpa^fial, b? av pnv ^corjv eXr). hetvov yap tc 
 eTroievvTO yvvaiKa eiro ra?" A6i]vas GTpaTevecrQai. 
 avTr) pbev hrj, cos irpoTepov et,pr)Tai, htecpvye, rjcrav he 
 teal ol aXXoi, tcov al vees irepteyeydveaav, ev tco <Pa- 
 Xrfpcp. 
 
 AheifiavTov he tov KopcvOtov o~TpaTr\yov Xeyovcri 94 
 AOrjvatoL avTLtca kclt ap^a?, cos avvefjaayov al vees, 
 etcrrXayevTa Te Ka\ vTrepheiaavTa, tcl laTta aetpa/aevov 
 oiyeo-Qai <f)€vyovTa, iSovtcl? he tovs KopivOlovs tt)v 
 ctt paTijy uha (pevyovaav coaavTcos oiyecrOaL. cos he a pa 
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 twv anro Trjs crTpaTLrjs eihoai irpoacpepeadac Tolac 
 
60 HERODOTI VIII. 
 
 Kopiv6loi(TL. rrjBe Be avfifiaXkovTaL elvat Oelov to 
 7rprjjfjba • &>? yap ayyov yeveoQai tcov vecov, tovs curb 
 tov tceXrjTos Xeyeiv TaBe • ABet/jbavre, av fxev cltto- 
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 aTTLcneeiv yap tov ABeifiavTov, avris TciBe Xeyetv, &>? 
 avrol oloi re eiev ayofievoi bpajpoi, aTro6vr\o~Keiv, r)v per) 
 virceovres cpaivcovTai oi EXXrjves. ovtco Br) airoaipe- 
 ^jravTa Tr\v vea avrov re tcai row? aXXovs eir e^epyacr- 
 pbevoicn eXOelv e? to cTTpaToireBov. Tovtov? fxev 
 TOiavTr) (pans eyei vtto AOrjvatcov, ov puevTot avioi ye 
 KopivOioi bfAoXoyeovcri, aXX ev irpcoTOLcri crcpea? avrovs 
 t?5? vavp,ayjLr}<; vo/ii^ovai yevecrOai, fiapivpeet, Be crept, 
 
 95 Kol r) aXkrj EXXas. Apio~TeiBr)<$ Be 6 Avcrifxa^ov 
 avr)p AOrjvaios, tov feat oXtyco to nrporepov tovtcov 
 e7T€/uLvr)cr6r)V cos avBpos apiarov, ovtos ev tco OopvfSto 
 tovtco tco irepi SaXapiva yevopcevco rdBe eTrotee • ira- 
 paXa/3cov ttoXXovs tcov birXiTecov, oi TrapaTeTayaro 
 nrapa Tr)v dfCTrjv t?}? ^aXapLivir)? %copr)s, yevos eovres 
 'A6rjva2oo, e? rrjv Wvtt aXetav vrjaov a7re{3r)ae dycov, 
 oi tovs Ilepcras row? ev ttj vrjalBi Tavrrj /carecpovev- 
 crav iravras. 
 
 96 c /2? Be r) vavjxayj.r) BieXeXvTO, KaTeipvaavTes e? Tr)v 
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 eXiri^ovTes tjjcti TrepLeovcrrjcn, vrjvcn eTi ypiqcreaOai 
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 £e(f>vpo<? ecfrepe ttjs • Attikt)^ eiri Tr)v r)'iova Tr)v KaXeo- 
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 re aXXov nravTa tov irepi Tr\<; vavfAa%ir)s TavTK)<i eiprj- 
 
'hpoaotoy e. 61 
 
 fievov BaKiBi real Movaaicp, kcli Br) kcli Kara ra vavrj- 
 yia ra ravri) e^eveiyQevra to eiprjfjievov ttoXXoIgl 
 ereao rrporepov rovrcov ev ^prjapuco Aver car par w Adrj- 
 vateo dvBpl %p7)o-/jLo\oya), ro eXeX7]0ee rravras rovs 
 EXXrjvas, 
 
 KcoXiddes Se yvvaiKes eperfMoiai (ppv^ovai • 
 tovto 8£ e/xeXXe anekaaavros fiaaiKeos eaeadai. 
 
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 [XT] Tt? TCQV IcOVGOV VTToOrjTaL TolcTL EXXr)0~L 7} aVTOC 
 
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 fievos, tou? ovre vMperos, ovk bjjL(3pos, ov Kavfia, ov 
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62 HERODOTI VIII. 
 
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 voi TavTa ol llepaai eiroLew, <y? irepi clvtco Hep^y 
 
 BeipLCLLVOVTeS. 
 
 100 Kal 7repl Uepcras pbev r)v ravra rov iravra fieTa^v 
 %povov yevopevov, p^XP 1 °^ He/0^9 a^ro? crcfieas dirt- 
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'hpoaotoy e. 63 
 
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 rjvritedrjaav, eSoaav otKas. eu /xev vvv SoKe'ei, avrt/ca 
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64 HERODOTI VIII. 
 
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 avvefiovXevGas rrjs yevopuevr]^ ov/c ecoaa iroteeaOai^ vvv 
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 102 Gapevos. O fiev ravra cvvefiovXevero, rj Be Xeyet 
 raBe ' BaaiXev, ^aXeirov puev eari. GvpiftovXevopevcp 
 rvyeiv ra apicrra enraaav, eiri, fievroi roiai fcarrjKOvai, 
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 MapBovtov Be, rjv ri iraOrj, Xoyos ovBeis yiverai • 
 ovBe re vttceovreg ol EXXyves vttceovGt, BovXov gov 
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 103 crao, TTvpwGas ra$ A6r)va<$ aireXas. ' Hg6t] re Br] rrj 
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 p,ev airoGreXXet ayovGav avrov rovs TralBas e? Ecjye- 
 gov • voOol yap rive? rralBes ol Gvveirrovro 
 
'hpoaotoy e. 55 
 
 SEP^H^ Be &>? tol>? iralBas Apre/jLiaLr/ eireTpe^e 107 
 dirdyeip e? ' Ecpecrov, KaXecras MapBoptop e/ceXevae pup 
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 5 
 
66 HEROD OTI VIII. 
 
 h%ofiev(p iravra ra Kara ttjv Evpcoinjv ola re earai 
 it poGywpr\(jai kcltcl ttoXis re Kai kclt eOvea, rjroi dXi- 
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 e^eiv acpeas tov eirereov aiei twv EXXrjvcov tcapirov. 
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 irepi t?}? etce'ivov nroieecrOai 97877 tov aywva eKeXeue. 
 TavTrjs Be eiyovro T179 yvojfirjs kcli Ue\oTrovvr\crLwv 
 109 twv aXXcov ol arpaTTjyoc. fls Be epuade on ou irei- 
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 yap evpr]Kafjbev rjfiea? re avrovs /cat tt)v EXXaBa, 
 vecfio? too~outo avOpoMrojv avcoaafjLevot,) fir) Bia)KG)/nev 
 dvBpas cjjevyovTas, ra.Be yap ovtc rjjxel^ Karepyaad- 
 fie6a, aXXa 6eoi T€ Kai r)pcoe<; f ol ecfiOovrjaav avBpa 
 eva T779 T€ AaiT]^ Kai T779 EvpwTrrjs ^aaiXeuoai edvra 
 avoaiov re Kai araadaXov, 09 ra tpa Kai, ra iBia, ev 
 ofiotw eiroieero efJUTrarpd^ re Kai KaraftaXXcov to)v Oecov 
 ra ayaXfiara, 09 Kai ttjv 6aXao~crav arrefiaariycoae 
 weBas re KaTrjKe. aXX ev yap eyei e9 to irapeov 
 7]/jbLV, vuv fiev ev ttj EXXaBi Karafie ivavras rjfiecov re 
 avTcov eTrifieXrjUrjvai Kai tcov oiKerecov ■ Kai rt9 oikitjv 
 T6 dvairXaaaaOo) Kai airopou avaK&s e^erot), iravre- 
 
'hpoaotoy e. 67 
 
 Xeo)? arreXacras rov fSdp(3apov • d/xa Be ra> eapi tcara- 
 TrXcocofiev errl ' EXXrjcnroprov teat IcovLrjs. Tavra eXeye 
 a r Ko6r)K.r}v fieXXcov TTOLrjcrecrdaL e? rov Tlepcrrjv, iva \\v 
 apa tl puiv KaTa\afjb/3dv7] tt^oo? AOrjvaicov rrdOos, e^rj 
 a,7rocrTpo(prii> • rdirep cbv real eyevero. © 6fXL.cn oKXerjs no 
 fiev ravra Xeycov Ste/3aXXe, ' Adrjvaloi Be eireiQovro • 
 eirethrf yap Kai rrporepov BeBoy /jievos elvai oocf>os ecpavr) 
 ecov a\7]@6CDS (Tocfios re Kai evftovXos, rravrws eroo/jLOt 
 rjaav Xeyovri rreiOeaOai. w? Be ovroi ol aveyvcocr/jievoi 
 rjcrav, avrlfca fierd ravra 6 ©e/xiaroKXeTjs dvBpas arre- 
 7re/x7re eyovra<$ rrXolov, rolai eiriareve aiyav e? rracrav 
 fiaaavov airiKveopLevoicriy ra avros evereiXaro (SaaiXe'i 
 (ppdaai ' rcov teal ^lklvvos 6 oiKerr}? aura eyevero. 
 oi erreire airiKovro rrpos rr\v ArriK7)v, ol jjuev Kare- 
 jjievov em rca ttXolw, Hlklvvos Be avafias rrapa "Bep^rjv 
 eXeye rdBe • 'Eire/m^e /Lie Oe/jiLcrrofcXer)? 6 Neo/cXeos, 
 o~rparr\yos [iev AQr\vamv y dvrjp Be rcov av/uLfJud^cov 
 iravrcov dpicrros Kai aoepcoraro^, cf>paaovra roc on 
 ©efjLicrroKXerjs 6 AOrjvaios, o~ol fiovXofAevos inrovpyeeiv, 
 ecr^e rovs f EXXrjvas Ta? veas ftovXopLevovs Bid)K€iv Kai 
 ra<$ ev EXX^crrrovrcp yecfrvpas XveLV. Kai vvv Kar 
 
 r)o~v)£Lr)v 7roXXr]V Kopui^eo 
 
 Ol B a/jLcf>L aep^rjv ema^ovre^ oXiya? rj/jcepa? fierd U3 
 rrjv vav/jia^LTju e^rjXavvov e? Boicorovs rrjv avrr)v 6Bdv. 
 eBo^e yap MapBovicp dfia \xev it poire fx-^ai (BacriXea, 
 afia Be avcopirjv elvai rod ereos iroXefieeiv, yei\xep'iGai 
 Be dfieivov elvai ev ©eo-craXir), Kai eireirev dfia rep 
 eapi ireipdaOai tt}? TleXoirovvrjcrov. &)? Be aiTLKaro e? 
 rrjv OecrcraXLrjv, evQavra WLapBovLos e^eXeyero rrpairovs 
 jxev Uepcras nravra^ rovs aOavarovs KaXeofievovs, rrXrjv 
 TBapveos rov crrparrfyov [ovros yap ovk e$r) Xel^re- 
 
C8 HERODOTI VIII. 
 
 oQai /3aciX,eo?), fiera he tcov aXXcov Tlepaecov tou? 
 
 6cOp7]KO(f>OpOVS KCU T7]V llTTTOV TTjV ^tXtTJV^ KOL Ml]hoVS 
 T6 KCU ^ak'CLS Kill BcLKTpLOVS T6 KCU \ IvSoVS, KCU TOV 
 
 iretpv teal i t\v Ittttov. tclvtcl fxev eOvea oXa etXeTo, 
 ex he tcov aXXcov ovpupiaywv e^eXeyeTO /car oXoyovs, 
 Tolon elhed re virr\pye htaXeycov, kol ei t€Olctl tl XP 7 )' 
 arov avvyhee TreiroLr)iJLevov. ev he irXelarov e'Ovo? 
 Uepcras alpeero, hvhpas crTpeirTocpopovs re kcu ijreXio- 
 (fiopovs, eirt he Mrjhovs. ovtol he TrXTjOos /juev ovk 
 eXaaaove^ r)o~av tcov Tlepaecov, pcopuj] he eaaoves • coaTe 
 avparavTa^ Tpu]K0VTa /jivpcahas yeveaOcu aw lirirevai. 
 
 114 'Ev he tovico toj xpovco, ev rco Maphovtds Te tt\v 
 <TTpaTi7]v hte/cpLve kcli Rep^r)? r)v irepX OeaaaXtrjv, 
 %pr)<TTripiov eXrjXvdee etc AeXcpcov AaKehcufiovLocai, 
 aep^rjv aireeiv hucas tov Aecovlheco cpovov kcu to ht- 
 hdjmevov et; eKetvov heKeaOca. it epuir overt hi) Kr/pvKa 
 tt]V TayjbGTriv lt,TrapTir)TCLL. ) b? eTreihr) Ka,TeXa(3e eovaav 
 €tl TTaaav tt]v GTpaTLTjV ev QecrcraXiT], eXOcov e? o\jrtv 
 T7]v aep^eco eXeye Tcthe ' ' fl fiaatXev Mrjhcov, ActK€~ 
 hai/JLovtOL Te ere kcli 'HpctKXelhai, ot airo "XirapTTj^ aU 
 Teovcri (povov hiKas, otl acpecov tov /3aaiXea aireKTei- 
 vas pvdjxevov tt]v 'EXXaha. O he yeXaaas Te kcu 
 KctTaa%cov ttoXXov ^povov, w? oi eTvyyavz irapecTTecos 
 Maphdveos, heiKvvs e? tovtov elire • Toiyap crept Map- 
 hdvtos ohe hUa<? hcoaet toiclvtcls, oias eKeivoicri Trpeiret. 
 
 115 'O fxev hr) he^afievo^ to pr)0ev airaXXaaaeTo, aeptjrjs 
 he Maphdviov ev OeaaaXcr) KCLTaXnrcov clvtos eiropeveTO 
 
 KCLTCL TayOS €5 TOV ' EXX^aTTOVTOV, KCU CLTTlKVeeTCLl e? 
 
 tov iropov t?}? hia/3ao-io<; ev irevTe kcli TeaaepaKOVTa 
 rjfiepTjcn,, airdycov Trjs aTpaTtrj^ ovhev fiepos &)? eiTrelv. 
 okov he Tropevofievoi yivoiaTO kcu kczt ovq~tlvcl% av- 
 
'hpoaotoy e. 69 
 
 Opaywovs, tov tovtcov Kapirbv dpira^ovTes ecrcTeovro, el 
 Be (capirov pLrjBeva evpocev, ol Be tt)v ttolt^v tt)v e/c rrjs 
 yrjs dvacf)vo{ievr)v kcll twv BevBpecov tov (fiXoLOv irepi- 
 XeirovTes kcll tci cfrvXXa KaraSpeTrovre^ kcittjo-Olov, 
 bpboiws twv re rj/jiepcov kcll tcov aypLcov, kcll eXenrov 
 ovBev ' tclvtcl 8 eiroievv viro Xl/iov. eirCkafiwv he 
 Xol/aos re tov GTpcvrov kcll SuaevTepcr] kclt oBov Bie- 
 (pdeipe. rou? Be klil vovaeovTas clvtgiv KcneXLTre, Ittl- 
 Tciaacov Trjcrt, ttoXlctl, Iva etcaaTOTe jlvolto eXavvcov, 
 fieXeBcuveiv re kcll Tpefyetv, ev QeacraXiT] Te tlvcl? kcu 
 ev Xlpt ttj<; TIcllovltis kcll ev MatceBovlr]. .... Kcll in 
 ovtol (Jbev tovtgv tov JjLLgOov eXafSov, ol Be TlepaaL &)? 
 
 6K TYjS GprjiKT]^ TTOpevOfLevOL aiTLKOVTO eiTL TOV TTOpOV, 
 
 eweLyofMevoL tov EXXtjo-ttovtov tyjgl vrjvcrl BLe^aav 
 e? AfivBov ' ra? yap a^eBias ovk evpov ctl evTeTci- 
 jjbevas, aXX viro %eLfjLcovo<; BLaXeXvfievas. evOavTa Be 
 KCLTeyo\xevoi gltlgl Te TrXeco r] kclt oBov eXay^avov, 
 ovBeva T6 koc/jlov efXTTLirXapLevoL kcll vBcltci fieTaftaX- 
 XovTes aire6vr)GKOv tov GTpaTOv tov TrepLeovTO? ttoX- 
 
 XOL. ol Be XOLTTOL CL/jLCL 'Be'p^T) aiTLKVeOVTCLL e? XdpBLS. 
 
THUCYDIDES 
 
 (Text of Boehme. Teubner.) 
 
 BOOK I. 
 
 1% Kal baa [lev Xoyco elirov efcacrTOt, rj iieXXovTe? 
 irokefJLiqcreLV rj ev avrco rjSrj (We?, ^aXeirov Tr)v cifcpl- 
 fieiav avrr)v tcov XeyQevTcov Siafivrj/jLovevaai r\v e/xol 
 
 T€ COV CLVTO? r/KOVGCL KCLI TOt? dXkoOeV TToOeV efJLOL 
 
 airayyeXXovatv ■ «? o av eoo/covv e/xoi e/caaroi irepu 
 tcov aei irapovTcov ra oeovra fiaXhar eiTrecv, e^ofievco 
 on eyyvTara Trjs ^v/JLiraar}^ yvcofirj^ tcov aXr)6co<$ Xe%- 
 
 2 devTcov, ovtcds etpTjTat • ra S epya tcov irpayBevTcov 
 ev tco iroXepbco ov/c etc rov waparv^ovTO^ TrvvQavdfievos 
 r)^tcoaa ypacpecv ovo <y? epuoL eootcei, aXX 06? re avros 
 iraprjv /cat irapa tcov aXXcov oaov hvvarov aKptfteta 
 
 3 irept efcaarov eire^eXOcov. eirnrovcos he evpiaKero^ Blotc 
 ol irapovTes tol? epyoi? efcdaTOi? ov ravra irepl tcov 
 avrcov eXeyov, aXX eo? etcarepcov T4? evvouas r) /jLvr]/ji7]<; 
 
 4 eyoi. kcli e? fiev aKpoaaiv lacos ro pur) /jLvOcoSes av- 
 tcov arepirearepov fyaveiraL • baoi 8e /3ovXr]aovTai, tcov 
 re yevo/ievcov to aacpes oicoireiv kcli tcov fieXXovTccv 
 nrore avOis Kara to avQpccnreiov tolovtcov fcac irapa- 
 irXrjaicdv eaeaOai, cocpeXtfia Kpiveiv avTci apicovvTcos 
 e^ei. KTrjfjLa re e? del tiaXXov rj aycoviapa e? to 
 Trapa^prjfia ciKoveiv ^vyiceiTai. 
 
 \% Tcov Be Trporepov epycov pueycaTov eirpa^Qr) to Mr)- 
 
eOYKYAIAOY A. >j\ 
 
 Sckov, koI rovro b/xco? 8voiv vav/na^tacv teal ire^ofjua- 
 yj,aiv rayelav rrjv Kpicriv eoyev. rovrov 8e rov rrroXe- 
 fiov firJKOS re fjueya irpov(3ri, iraOrjfJLara re ^vvrjve^Orj 
 yeveaOat ev avrco rrj EXXaSc ola ov% erepa ev law 2 
 Xpovw. ovre yap rroXei? rocralSe XrjfyOelcraL rjprjfico- 
 Orjaav, at fiev vivo /3ap/3apcov, at 8 vtto acjicov avrcov 
 avrtiToXefxovvrcov (eial 8e al teal oifcrjTopas fiere/3aXov 
 uXiGKO}xevai\ ovre (pvyal roaathe avOpcorrcov koli cfrovos, 
 o /juev kcut avrov rov 7to\€/jlov, o Se 8ca ro aracria- 
 %eiv. ra re irporepov a/coy fxev Xeyo/xeva, epyco 8e 3 
 Giravicorepov /3e/3aiov/neva ov/c arrLcrra Karearrj^ aeiaficov 
 re rrepi, du eiri rrXelcrrov hjxa puepo? yrj? teat ta^vpo- 
 rarot ol avrol eirecryov, rjXcov re e/cXet^et?, at ttvkvo- 
 repaL irapa ra eic rov rrpiv %povov /uuvrj/bLovevo/jLeva 
 %vve(Br)crav, av^/noc re ean Trap ol? /ueyaXot Kau air 
 avrcov icai Xl/jloI Kai 7) ov% iqiciora (3Xay\raaa /ca\ 
 fiepo? ri cfiOeLpaaa r\ Xol/jLco8t]? voao? • ravra yap 
 nravra fiera rov8e rov rroXepbov ctfia ^vveireOero. rjp- 4 
 £avro 8e avrov AOrjvaloi fcai FleXoirovvrjcnoi Xvaav- 
 re? ra? rpta/covrovreL? airov8a? du avrol? eyevovro /aera 
 Ev/3oca? aXcoaiv. Score 8 eXvaav, ra? airia? irpoe- 5 
 ypayjra irpcorov Kau ra? 8iacpopa?, rov juLrj rtva ^rjrrj- 
 aai nrore e£ orov roaovro? iroXe/jio? roc? EXXrjaL 
 Karearrj. rrjv \xev yap a\r\Oeararr\v rrpoc^aaiv^ acfia- 6 
 veararyv 8e Xoyco rov? AOrjvaLOV? r/yov/jLac fieyaXov? 
 ytyvofxevov? icai cf>o/3ov rrapeyovra? roc? AatceBaL/LLovLOL? 
 avaytcaaai e? ro rroXe/jLeiv ■ at 8 e? ro cpavepov Xeyo- 
 fievai air tat alS' rjaav ifcarepcov, acjy cov Xvaavre? ra? 
 airovha? e? rov rroXe/iov Karearrjaav. 
 
 Kirlhafjivo? ean nrbXi? ev he^ca eairXeovn rov 24 
 lovcov koXttov ' irpoaoiKovcri 8 avrrjv TavXavrioi /3ap- 
 
72 THUCYDIDIS I. 
 
 2 /3a pot,, IWvpucov eOvos. Tavrrjv cnrcvKiaav fiev Kep- 
 Kvpaloi, oiklctt^ S' eyevero <J?a\t,o<; 'EpaTOKXeihov, 
 KopivOios yevos, tcov acf> 'HpaxXeovs, kclto, hrj tov 
 iraXaiov vofiov etc rrj? p,r)TpoTroXeco<; KaTa,KXr)6eU. 
 ^vvcoKiaav he rcai KopivOicov rives kcll tov aXXov 
 
 3 AcopiKOv yevovs. irpoeXOovTos he tov %pdvov eyevero 
 tj tcov Eirihap,vicov ttoXls /j,eyaXrj kcll TroXvavOpcDiro's. 
 
 4 GTaoriaaavTes he ev aXXrjXois errj 7roXXa, cos Xeyerai, 
 airo 7roXe/jLOV tlvos tcov irpoaoiKcov fiapfidpeov ecpOd- 
 prjaav kcll ttjs hvvap,ecos rrjs 7roXXrj<i eareprfirjaav. 
 
 5 to he reXevTala irpo rovhe tov TroXep,ov 6 hr}p,o$ 
 clvtcov e^ehico^e tovs hvvarovs, ol he aireXOovres fiera 
 tcov {3ap/3apcov eXrji^ovTo tovs ev ry iroXei kclto. re 
 
 6 yfjv kcll Kara OaXaacrav. ol he ev rrj TroXei ovres 
 
 Eirihd/jLvioi e7rethr] eTrWCpvTO, TrepLirovcriv e? tt\v Ke'p- 
 Kvpav 7rpecr(Bei<$ cos fj,r)Tpo7roXiv ovaav, heofievoi p,7] 
 crepds irepiopav cfiOeipopevovs, aXXa tovs t€ cf>evyovras 
 ^vvaXXa^ai cr<fiio~i koll tov tcov /3ap{3apcov iroXefiov 
 
 7 KCLTaXvcrai. tclvtci he iKeTai KaOe^ofievoi es to Hpaiov 
 ehe'ovTo. ol he KepKvpaloi ttjv iKeTeiav ovk ehe^avTo, 
 aXX airpaKTOVs aireTrefJu^av. 
 
 25 Tvdvres he ol < ETTihap J vioi ovhefiiav crcpiaiv airo 
 KepKvpas TL/JLcopoav ovcrav ev airopco eiyovro OeoOai 
 
 TO TTCLpQV, KCLL TTefl^OVTeS 6? AeXcj)OVS TOV OeOV eTTTj- 
 
 povTO ei irapaholev KopivOiois ttjv ttoXlv cos olklgtoIs 
 
 KCLL TlfJLCOpiaV TIVOL TTeipCOVTO CITT CLVTCOV TTOieiaOai. 
 
 S' ovtols dvelXe irapahovvai kcll rjyefiovas TroieiaOai. 
 2 eXOovres he ol Eirihd(ivioi es tt\v KopivOov kclto, to 
 fiavTeiov irapeboaav ttjv ottoiklov, tov t€ oikio~tt)v 
 airoheiKvvvTes acpcov eK KopivOov ovtcl kcll to XPV " 1 " 7 !' 
 piov hrjXovvres^ eheovTO re fir] crcpas irepiopav hiacpOei- 
 
0OYKYAIAOY A. 73 
 
 pofjbevovs, aX)C eirapbvvai. KopivOtot Be /card re ro 3 
 Stfcacov uireBe^avro rrjv rtfjucoptav, vofil^ovre<; ov% rjacrov 
 eavrwv elvac rrjv airoiKtav rj Kepfcvpatayv, a/xa Be kclI 
 fitcrec rwv Kep/cvpaccov, ort avrcov TraprjfieXovv ovres 
 airoiKOi • ovre yap ev rravrjyvpeat raos tcoivals BiBovres 4 
 yepa rd vo/ii^o/ieva ovre KopivOloy avBpl rrpofcarap^o- 
 fievot, rcov lepcov, oicnrsp at aXXau airoiKtaL, wepicfypo- 
 vovvres Be avrovs fcac yprj/iarcov Bvvafiei bvres fear 
 eicelvov rov ypovov ofxola rocs EXXrjvcov TrXovaiwrarots 
 icai rrj e? iroXe/nov irapacrtcevrj Bvvarwrepoi, vavracm 
 Be icai iroXv irpoeyeiv ecrrtv ore erraipofievoi, teat Kara 
 rrjv rcov 4>cudfccQV irpoevoiicrjaiv rrjs Kepfcupa? KXeos 
 eyovrcov ra rrepi to? vavs. f) kgli fiaXXov e^rjprvovro 
 ro vavriKOv Kat rjaav ov/c aBuvaroo • rpirjpeis yap et- 
 Koat Kat, etcarov hirrjpyov avrois ore rjpyovro iroXe- 
 /Jbelv. 
 
 Uavrcov ovv rourcov ey/cXrj/jiara e^ovres ol Koptv- 26 
 Olol eirepmov e? rrjv 'EttlSuiivov aafievoc rrjv axfieXcav, 
 oiKrjropa re rov fiouXo/xevov, levai tceXeuovres tcai ' Afz- 
 nrpaKicorcov /cat, AeuKaBccov real eavrcov cfipovpous. erro- 2 
 pevdrjerav Be rretfl e? ' ' AjroXXcovtav, KoptvOocov ov- 
 aav arroiKLav, Beet rcov KepKvpatcov fir) KcoXvcovrao 
 vir avrcov Kara OaXaacrav irepaiov/jbevoi. Kep/cvpalot 3 
 Be eireiBrj rjaOovro rovs re oiKrjropa^ Kat <f>povpov<$ 
 Tj/covras e? rrjv EiriBayuvov rrjv re drroiKiav KopivOcots 
 BeBofievrjv, eyaXirraivov • kcu irXevaavres evOvs irevre 
 /cat eitcoai vavcrt Kau varepov erepco aroXco rows re 
 <f)evyovTa<? eiteXevov fear eirrjpetav BeyeoQai avrovs 
 (r)X6ov ydp e? rr)v KepKvpav ol rcov ' EircBa/jLVLGiv (f)V- 
 yaSe?, racfrovs re airoBeacvvvres teal ^vyyeveiav^ r)v 
 rrpo'Ccryopjevoi eBeovro acfyas Kardyetv\ rovs re <ppov- 
 
74 THUCYDIDIS I. 
 
 pof? 01/9 Kopivuioi eireix^av kcll toi/? OLKTjTopas airo- 
 
 4 ire/jLireiv. ol Be 'EttlBu/xvlol ovBev aviwv virriKovaav . 
 aXXa G-rpaievovcnv ctt avrovs ol KepKvpaiot reaaa- 
 pafcovra vclvctl fiera twv cfrvyaBcov «? kcltcl];ovt€S, kcll 
 
 5 rof ? IXXvpLOvs 7rpocr\a{3ovT€<;, irpotTKadetpixevoi Be 
 Ti)v ttoXlv irpoearov E7riBafjLVL0)v re top fiovXopLevov 
 kcll rovs tjevovs aTTa6el<s airievai, el Be ^77, co? iroXe/xloLs 
 %p7]cre(j0ai. &>? 8 ouk eireWovTo, ol ixev KepKVpaloL 
 
 (eO~TL B LO-QjJLOS TO yjidpLOV} eiToXlQpKOVV T1]V ttoXlv. 
 
 27 KopivOiov B , ft)? clvtols etc Trjs EttlBli\xvov rfxOov 
 ajyeXoi otl iroXiopKovvTai, irapeaiceva^ovTO arpariav, 
 kcll a/xa airoitclav e? ttjv EttlBclllvov eKr\pvaaov eiri 
 
 TJ) L0~7] KCLL 0/XOLCL TOV jDOVXOLieVOV levdl ' €1 Oe Tt? TO 
 
 nrapavTifca ixev /xr) eOtXoL ^vfxirXelv, LiereyeLV Be j3ov- 
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 KopivOla? fxeveiv. rjaav Be kcll ol rrXeovres ttoXXol 
 
 2 /cat ol Tapyvpiov KaTa(3aXXovT€<$. eBerfirjcrav Be kcll 
 toov Meyapecov vavo~l acpas ^vpLirpo'irefi'tyeiv, ei apa 
 kcoXvoivto vtto KepKvpaLcov nrXelv • ol Be Trapea-fcevd- 
 %ovto avrols o/cTO) vavcn ^vfxirXelv, kcll IlaXrjs Kecj)aX- 
 Xtjvwv Teao-apaiv. kcll EinBavptcov eBerj07]crav^ ol 
 Trapecryov rrevre, 'Ep/xLovrj^ Be lxlclv kcll TpoL&VLOL 
 Bvo, AevKaBLOL Be Be/ca kcll AtxirpaKLwraL oktcd. &tj- 
 fidLovs Be y^pr\\iaT a yrrjcrcLV kcll <£>\ta<7£0L>?, HXeLOvs 
 Be vavs re Kevas kcll yprjixaTa. clvtcov Be KopLvOlcov 
 vrjes TrapecTKeva^ovro TpLCLKOvra kcll tplo"%lXlol ottXItcll. 
 23 EireLBr) Be eirvOovTo ol KepKVpaloL ttjv 7rapaaKevrjV^ 
 eXOovTes e? KopLvOov fxerd AaiceBaLfxovLwv kcll Slkvcj- 
 vlcov 7Tpeo-{3ecov, oi>? irapeXa^ov, eKeXevov KopLvOlovs 
 toi;? ev ^EttlBcilivm (frpovpovs re kcll OLKrjropa^ aird- 
 
 2 yecv, a>? ov fierov avroU EttlBcllxvov. €l Be tl civtl- 
 
0OYKYAIAOY A. 75 
 
 rroiovvraL^ &Lfca<; rjOeXov Bovvai ev Uekoirovvricrcp rrapd 
 iroXeatv ah av a/x(f)orepoi ^v/jL^coctlv ■ oirorepwv B av 
 BiKaaOrj elvai rrjv anroiKiav, rovrovs Kparelv. rjdeXov 
 Be kcll ra> ev Aekfyols /xavreKp eirirpe^ai. iroXepLov 3 
 
 06 OVK €LCOV TTOieiV ' €1 06 fAT], KCLl CLVIOL aVayKaoUT}- 
 
 aea6ai ecf)ao~av, eKeivcov ftia^o/uLevcov, (piXovs iroielaOaL 
 
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 ra? re vav<$ kcli rovs ftapfiapovs diro EiriBafivov aira- 
 ydycocri, (BovXevaeaOai • rrporepov Be ov kuXws eyeiv 
 Toy? fiev iroXiopKelaOai) avrovs Be BiKa^eaQai. Kep- 5 
 Kvpaioi Be avreXeyov, yv kcli ercelvoc tou? ev Eiri- 
 BcifJLvrp air ay ay cog l, iroir\creiv ravra • eroljioi Be elvai 
 kcll coare a/uuporepovs fxeveiv Kara yjapav, gttovocls be 
 rroirjcraaOai ea)? av rj Blkt) yevrjrai. 
 
 KopivOioi Be ovBev rovrcov vtttjkovov, aXX e7reiBrj 29 
 7rXrip€L$ avrols r)oav al vrjes Kai ol ^v/i/jLa^oi iraprj- 
 aav, 7rpo7re/jLyjravTe<; KrjpvKa rrporepov iroXe/jiov rrpoe- 
 povvra KepKvpaloLS, apavres e/3Bo/JL7]KOvra vavcri kcll 
 rrevre Bia^iXioi^ re oirXirais errXeov em rrjv EiriBapi' 
 vov, KepKVpaiois evavria rroXepir]aovre^ • eorpari^yei Be 2 
 rwv fjLev vecov ApLcrrev? 6 FLeXXiyov KaL KaXXiKparr)? 
 6 KaXXiov Kai Ti/xdvcop 6 Tl/jLuvOovs, rov Be ire^ov 
 Ap^erifios re 6 EvpvTi/nov KaL IaapxiBas 6 loapyov. 
 67T6lBj) Be eyevovro ev AKrico t?}? AvaKropia^ y?}?, ov 3 
 ro Lepov rou AttoXXcdvos earLV, em rep aro/xarL rov 
 AfMirpaKLKov koXitov, ol KepKvpaloL Kr/pvKa re rrpoe- 
 ire/jL-yav avrous ev axarLO) arrepovvra fir] rrXeLv ewL 
 a(pa<;, Kai ra? vav$ apua eTrXrjpovv, Zfevgavres re ra<i 
 iraXaias ware ttXcol/jlous elvai KaL ra? aXXa? eirLo~Kevd- 
 aavres. w? Be 6 Krjpvg re aTrr\yyeiXev ovBev elprjvalov 4 
 
7G THUCYDIDIS I. 
 
 irapa tcov KopivOccov kcli al vrje? clvtoIs eTreirXripcovTO 
 ovcrai oyhoi]Kovra (reaaapa/covra yap EiriBafivov eiro- 
 XtopKovv^, avTavayofxevou kcli Trapara^dpievoc evavpua- 
 5 yr\(jav • kcli evt/crjaap ol KepKupalot irapa iroXv koli 
 vavs irevTeKalBeKa Bie'cfidetpav tcov KoptvOtcov. ttj Be 
 avTY) rjfjiepa avrols %vve$r) kcli tou? ttjv EnriBa/Avov 
 iroXiopKovvras TrapacrTr}crao-6aL opLoXoyca ware tovs 
 puev eirrfKvBa^ aTroB6o~6ai, KopivOlovs Be BrjcravTas eyeiv 
 eco? av aXko tl Bo^tj. 
 30 Mera Be ttjv vavfiaycav ol KepKVpaloi rpoiralov 
 (TTrjcravTes eirl ttj AevKipL/jurj tt)<$ KepKvpas aKpcoTTjpcco 
 tou? fiev aXXovs ol"? eXaftov aiyixaXcoTOv^ aireKTeivav, 
 
 2 KopivOtovs Be Br\aavTe<$ elyov. vcrrepov Be, eireiBr) ol 
 KopivOioi kcli ol ^vpLpua^oi 7]Garnxevoi Tat? vavcrlv 
 aveyu>pr\oav eir olkov, t?7? OaXaaarj^ amaat]^ eKparovv 
 t?7? kclt eKelva ra ycop'ia ol KepKvpaiot, kvli irXev- 
 cravTes e? AevKaBa ty]v KopivOicov airoiraav 7-77? yrjs 
 erepuov teal KvXXrjvrjv to 'HXeicov eirivetov eveTTprjcrav, 
 
 3 otl vavs kcu, ^pr]fjLara irapecryov KopivOiots, tov re 
 y^povov tov irXelcFTov //-era ttjv vavjxaylav eireKptiTovv 
 tt)<$ OaXao-arjs /cat tov? tcov KopivOccov ^vpufxayov^ 
 eiriirXeovTe^ ecf>0etpov, ^XP L ov KoplvOtoc irepiovTi 
 tco Oepei TrefiyjravTes vavs kol crTpaTidv, eirei acficov 
 ol ^u/ifiayoL eirovovv, eaTpaToireBevovTo eiri Aktlco 
 kcli irepl to Xeipbepiov ttjs QecnrpcoTiBos, (fruXctKrjs 
 eveKa t?5? re AevKciBos kol tcov aXXcov iroXecov bcrai 
 
 4 o~cf>(,o~L cplXiat rjaav. avTecTTpaToireBevovTO Be kcli ol 
 KepKvpalob eir\ ttj AevKLfipLT) vavcri Te Kau ire^co. 
 eireirXeov Te ovBerepoi ciXXrjXois, a\Xa to Oepos tovto 
 avTiKctOe^ofievoL yeipcovos 77897 aveywpr\crav eir olkov 
 eKciTepoi. 
 
eOYKYAIAOY A. *J*J 
 
 Top S' eviavTov irdvra top fiera ttjv vavfia^tav SI 
 teat top varepov ol KopivQioi opyf) cfrepovres rov nrpo^ 
 Keptevpaiov^ 7To\€/nov evavirrjyovvjo icai irapecnceva^ovTO 
 ra fcpdrLara vecuv aroXov, etc re avrrjs IleXoTrovvrjaov 
 ayeipovres /cat t?}? c\Xij? 'EWaBo? eperas, /Jbicr6a> irei- 
 Oovres. TTwOavopbevou Be ol KepKvpaloi rrjv irapa- 2 
 anevrjv awrwv e<fio(3ovvTO, teal rjcrav <ydp ovBevos ( EWrj- 
 vcov evGTTOvSoL ovBe ecreypd^avro eavrov? ovre e? Ta? 
 AOrjvaiwv GiTOvhds ovre e? Ta? Aatee8aip,ovicov, eBo^ev 
 avro2<; eXOovaiv &)? rovs ' A07]i>aiov$ %vn\idyov<$ yeve- 
 06 ai teal axfieXiav nvd ireipaaQai air awrwv evpiatce- 
 aOai. ol Be KopivQioi irvQopbevoi ravra rj\6ov teal 3 
 avrol e? Ta? AQr\va<i 7rpeo~{3evo-o/jLevoi, 07ra>? jxr) cr<f>iai 
 73730? tw Kep/evpalcov vavTitccp to 'Attucov Trpoo-yevo- 
 [xevov epnroBiov yevrjrai Q'eoQai tov iroXefiov r) ftovXov- 
 iai. fcaTaardar)*; Be efc/cXrjo-ias e? dvriXoyiav rjXQov. 4 
 Kai ol /lev Kep/evpaloi eXe^av ToidBe. 
 
 Toiavra Be teal ol KopivQioi elirov. AQrjvaloi Be 44 
 atcovaavres a/ncporepcov, yevofxevr}? icai St? eteteXrjaias, 
 ty) fxev irporepa ovy^ r)aaov rwv KopivQiwv aireBe^avro 
 TOf? \dyovs, ev Be ttj varepaia fiereyvcoo-av Kepteu- 
 paiots ^v/m/na^lav puev fir) iroirjcraaQai ware toi»? avrovs 
 e%#pou? teal cfriXovs vofii^eiv (et yap eiri KdpivQov 
 eteeXevov acfiio~iv ol Keptevpaloi ^vfiTrXe'iv, eXvovr av 
 avrols al 7rpo? UeXoTrovvrjaiov^ airovBai^^ eirifiayjiav 
 Be eiroirjaavro rrj aXXr]Xa>p f3or)Qeiv, eav T£? eirl Kep- 
 tcvpav lt) 7] A6r}va$ rj tovs tovtcdv ^vfifiayovs. eBo/eei 2 
 yap 6 7rpo? JJeXoirovvrjaiov^ 7roA,e,ao? teal co? eaecrQai 
 avrols, teat rr)v Keptevpav effouXovro firj irpoeaQai Ko- 
 pivQiois vavjLtcov e^pvaav toq~ovtov, tyytcpoveiv Be on 
 
78 THUCYDIDIS I. 
 
 jULaXtara clvtovs uXXtjXols, iva aoOeveaTepoLS ovctlv, rjv 
 ti hey, KopivQiois re kcll Tot? clXXol<; VaVTLKOV €X 0V ~ 
 
 3 GLV €? 7ToXe/JLOP Ka0L(TTO)VTaL. a/JLd he T?}? T€ ItClXiCLS 
 
 kcll ^t/ceXta? kclXws ecfxuvero avrot? rj vrjcros cv izapa- 
 irXcp KelaOai. 
 
 45 TotavTrj fAv yvw/JLT] ol 'A6r)vaioL tous KepKvpalov^ 
 rrpoaeSe^avTO, kcll rcov KopivQiwv aireXOovrcov ou ttoXv 
 
 2 varepov heica vavs airrot? cnrecrTeiXav ftorjdovs • ecrjpa- 
 TT]yei he avrcov Aa/ceSai/jLovcos re 6 ITl/jlcdvos kcll Alo- 
 ti/jLOS 6 ^Tpofx/Bi^ov kcll Ilpcorea^ 6 ErrLicXeovs. 
 
 3 wpoelirov he avrols per) vavpuayelv .KopivOtot*;, r)v pbrj 
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 twv eKeLVcov ti ycopLwv • ovtci) Be KwXveiv Kara hvva- 
 /mv. rrpoelrrov he ravra rod pur) XveLv eveKa rev; 
 
 4 aiTovhas. at fiev hq vrje<; a^LKVovvraL e? rrjv Kep- 
 Kvpav. 
 
 46 Ol he Ju}pLv0LOt, eireLhr) aurot? rrapeaKevacrro^ eir- 
 Xeov eiTL ttjv KtpKvpav vclvgl rrevrr\KOvra kcli eKarov. 
 rjcrav he HXeloov /lev heKci, Meyapecov he hcoheKa kcli 
 AevKahicov heKa, AfJLirpaKLOirwv he eirra kclo eLKoai 
 
 KCLI AvaKTOpLCDV pLLCl, CIVTWV he JTopLV0LOdV eveVY)KOVTCL ' 
 
 2 arparrjjol he rovrcov rjaav puev kcll Kara iroXeL? eKcl~ 
 Groovy Iu}pLv6lo)v he aevoKXeLhrjs 6 EvOvKXeovs rrepurro^ 
 
 3 clvtos. eireLhrj he rrpocrepLL^av rfj kcltcl KepKvpav 
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 4 pLov t?5? GeaiTpwTLhos yrjs. eari he XLpuqv, kcll ttoXis 
 virep clvtov KelraL airo 0aXao~crr}$ ev ttj EXaiarLhL 
 rrjs ©earrpwrlho^ Etyvprj. e^eLcrc he Trap avrr}v Aye- 
 povaLCL Xl/xvij e? dciXaacrav • hia he rrjs ©eairpoorlho^ 
 * Ayepwv ttoto/xo? pecov ea(3aXXeL e? avrrjv, a(j> ov kcll 
 
 T7]V eiTCOVVpLLCLV 6^66 ' pel he KCLL &VCL/JLLS 7TOTa/XO?, 
 
90YKYAIAOY A. 79 
 
 opt^cov tt]v Oeairpoyrtha Kot IvearpLvrjv, cov evros rj 
 atcpa aveyet to XetfJieptov. ol fjtev ovv KoptvQiot T77? 5 
 rjTrelpov evravOa opybi^ovrai re teal aTpardirehov eTTOU]- 
 eravro. 
 
 Ol he KeptcvpaLoi rhs yadovro avrous Trpoo-irXeovras, 47 
 TrXypcocravre^ heica teat e/carov vavs, cbv r)p%e MeiKta- 
 Sr)<; ical Ataifithr]? zeal Evpvftaros, earpaTOTTehevcravro 
 
 eV flLCt TWV VT](T(DV di KaXoVVTCLC 2vj3oTCL ' K(U CLL At- 
 
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 aKpcorrjpLW 6 7re£o? r\v feat ZclkvvOlgjv %iXloi oirXtrat 
 ft e (3 or) 6 it] /cores, rjcrav he /cat t<k? JCopLvOtois eu rrj 3 
 rjirelpto iroXXol rcov (Sapfidpcov 7rapa{3e/3or]dr} (cores • ol 
 yap raurr) rjiretpwrat det irore aurot? cpcXot etatv. 
 
 ETrethr) he Trapea/cevacrTO to2$ KoptvQtots, Xaftovres 48 
 rpccou rj/mepcov atria avrfyovro ft)? eirt vavyuayjbav airo 
 rov Xeifjueptov vvfcros • teal afia eco 7rXeovres /caOopcocrt 2 
 ra? rcov Keptcvpattov vavs fierewpous re teat eirt acpds 
 irXeovcras. go? he icarelhov aXXr]Xovs, dvi lira pei do-- 3 
 ctovto, eirt fjtev to hefyov fcepas -Kep/cvpalcov at Atti- 
 icat 1/776?, to he aXXo avTot eirelyov, rpta reXrj Troir\- 
 cravres rcov vewv, cov rjp%e Tpieov o~rparryya>v etedcrrov 
 els. ovrco fjtev KepKvpalot erd^avro. KoptvQiots Be 4 
 to /utev he^tov tcepas at Meyapthes 1/776? el^ov /cal at 
 A/jLTrpaicuiiTihes, Kara he to fiecrov ol aXXot ^vyL^ayot 
 to? e/caarot, evcovv/JLov he /cepas avrot ol KoptvOtot Tats 
 ap terra tcou vecov irXeovaats Kara Toy? AOrjvatovs teat 
 to he^tov tcqv KepKvpaiccv et^ov. 
 
 avfjtfjLt^avTes he, eirethr] rd arjfjuela ifcarepots rjpOri, 49 
 cvav/jta^ovv, 7ToAAod? p,ev oirXtras e^oi/re? dfjicpdrepoi 
 eirt twv KaraarpcofxaTcov^ ttoWovs he ro^ora^ re /cat 
 aKQVTio-Tas, rep iraXaico rpdirco airetpdrepov ert irape- 
 
80 THUCYDIDIS I. 
 
 2 (TK€va<T/AevoL r)v T€ 7] vav/xa^ia napTepd, rfj fiev 
 T£X V V 0V X ofioicos, Tretppuayia he to TrXeov irpoacfyepr)^ 
 
 3 ovaa. eireihr) yap irpOG^aXoiev aXXr]Xoi<;^ ov pahicos 
 aireXvovTO viro re ttXtjOovs kcli oyXov tcov vecov kcll 
 
 fiaXkoV Tl 7TLGT€V0VT€S Tol<$ 67TI, TOV KaTaGTpCOfJLaTOS 
 
 OTfXirais e? tt)v vlktjv, o\ Karaaravre^ e\xdyovTO t)gv- 
 ya'Cpvacov tcov vecov ' hieKTrXoi 6" ovk rjaav, aXka 
 Bvfxco kcli pcofxr) to irXeov evavpayovv rj eiriGTrnxr). 
 
 4 TravTayji fxev ovv ttoXvs Oopvfios kcli Tapa^cohrj^ r)v r) 
 vav/jLa^la, ev rj al Attikcll vrjes irapayiyv6p,evai Tot? 
 jKepuvpaiois, ei irrj irietpivTO, cpofiov fiev irapelyov 
 70^9 evavTiois, fia^r)*; he ovk iqpyov, hehioTes ol GTpa- 
 
 STTjyot TJjv TTpopprjaiv tcov AOrjvatcov. p,a\iGTCL he to 
 he^tov Kepas tcov JZopivdicov eirovei. ol yap JTepKv- 
 paloi eiKoai vavGtv avTovs Tpe^a\ievoi icai tcaTahico- 
 £avTes GTropdhas 69 tt)v rpreipov pe^pi tov GTpaTOTrehov 
 7r\evGavTes avTcov nai eiretcBavTes eveirprjGav Te to-9 
 
 6 GK7)va<; eprj/iovs kol to. ^prjpaTa hiT\piraGav. TavTj) 
 fxev ovv ol Kop'ivBioi tcai ol ^v/^/na^oi tjggcovto t€ Kai 
 oi JTepKvpalot eireKpaTOW ' y he avTOi rjGav oi J£opiv- 
 Biot,, eiri TW evcovv/ncp, itoXv eviKcov, Tot9 I£epfcvpaioi<$ 
 tcov eiKOGi vecov diro eXaGGovos 7rXr}Bov^ etc tt)<$ hcco- 
 
 7^60)9 ov irapovGcov. ol h ABrjvaloi opcovTes tovs 
 JKepicvpaiovs irie^ofxevov^ iiaXXov rjhrj airpocpaGiGTcos 
 eireKovpovv, to puev irpcoTov aireyjojievoi coGTe fir) epu- 
 fiaXXeiv tivi ' €7rel he r) Tpoirr) eyeveTO XajJLirpco? Kai 
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 Kai hieKeKpiTO ovhev en, aXXa gweireGev 69 tovto 
 avayKr)<$ coGTe eTTiyeipr\Gai aXXrjXois tovs l£opiv6iov<$ 
 Kai A6r)valov<$. 
 §0 T?y9 he Tpoirr]^. yevop,evr]<$ oi JTopivdioi Ta GKacfyrj 
 
0OYKYAIAOY A. g][ 
 
 fiev ov% ei\/cov avaBovpievoL tcov vecov a? KaTaBvaeiav, 
 irpos Be tou? avdpwTrovs erpairovro (f)Oveveiv Bieiafkeov- 
 Te? fxaXkov rj ^coypetv, toJ? re avrcov (j>i\ovs, ov/c 
 aiaOofxevoi on rjorarjvTO 01 eiri tw Be^cu> fcepa, ayvoovv- 
 T€? eicieivov. ttoWcov yap vecov ovcrcov apLcporepcov koll 2 
 eiri iro\v T?)? 6a\do~crr)s eire^ovacov^ eiretBr) ^vve/M^av 
 
 aWrjXois, ov paBtcos TTjV BldyVLOGlV eiTOlOVVTO OTTOLOC 
 
 e/cparouv rj eicpaTOVvTO • vav/jia^ca jap avrrj EXXrjac 
 7rpo? f EWrjva? vecov ir\r\6ei fieycarr) St? tcov irpo av- 
 t?5? yeyevrjTai. eirecBrj Be KaTeBico^av tou? Kepicvpaiovs 3 
 01 JShpivOiot, e? ttjv yrjv, 7Tyao? Tfl vavdyia kcxI tovs 
 veicpovs tou? o-cperepov^ erpairovTo, icai tcov irXeitTTcov 
 e/cpaTTjcrav oiare TTpo<jico\xi<jai irpo<; rd "Xvftora, ol av- 
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 Qr\icei • earc Be ra XvftoTa ttjs BecnrpcoTLBo? Xi/JLrjv 
 eprjfios. tovto Be TroirjcravTes avOts dOpoiaOevres eire- 
 irXeov rot? Keptcvpaiois* ol Be Tat? ttXcol/jlols tcai 4 
 baai rjaav Xotirab fiera tcov Attlkcov vecov icai avroi 
 avTeireirXeov, BeccravTes fir) e? t?iz> yrjv acpcov ireipcoatv 
 diroftalveiv. r)Br) Be rjv oyjre icai enreiraicoviGTO avTots 5 
 a>9 e<? eirnrXovv, /cal ol KopivQioi e^air ivr\<$ irpvfjbvav 
 e/cpovovTo, KanBovjes eiKoai vav<$ AOrjvaicov irpoa- 
 irXeovaas, a? vo-repov tcov Be/ca /3or)6ovs e^eirefx-^av ol 
 AOjjvaloi) BecaavTes, oirep eyeveTO, fir) vt/cr)6cocriv ol 
 KepKvpaioi /cac at acperepac Be/ca vrjes oXiyat, apuvveiv 
 coatv. 
 
 TavTa? ovv irpoiBdvTes ol KopivQioi icai vttotottt\- §\ 
 aavTes air AOrjvwv elvai, ov% oaa<$ ecopcov aWa 
 TrXecovs, viraveywpovv. tois Be Kepicvpaiois {^eir eifkeov 1 
 yap ixaXkov e/c tov defravovs} ovy^ ecopcovTO, koi eOav- 
 fxa^ov Tou? JToptvOiovs wpvpLvav fcpovojjLevovs, irpuv Ttves 
 
82 THUCYDIDIS I. 
 
 lBoptc? eirrop oti pr)e<; e/celvat, eTwrXeovariv. Tore Be 
 kcli avroi ave^wpovv • jjvpecfcoTa^e yap rjBrj, teat ol 
 
 KoplvOlOL a7TOTp67rOfjL€VOL TT)P BloXvCTLP eTT0l7]<JCLVT0. 
 
 3 ovtco fiev 7] airaXXayr) eyevero aXXrjXcop, kcu i) vav- 
 
 4 fia^ta ereXevra e? vvktcl. toI$ ITep/cvpaLOLS Be crrpa- 
 ToireBevofievoLS eiro rrj AevKLpp.7] al eittoai vrjes airo tcdp 
 
 AOi)V(ov avraL, ojp rjpx e TXavtcojp re 6 Aeaypov teal 
 ' AvBoklBtjs 6 Aecoyopov^ Blcl tcdp vetepwv koll vavaytcov 
 irpocTKO/xiaOelaaL KareirXeov e? to crTpaToireBop ov 
 
 5 ttoXXgo vcrrepov r) coepdrjaap. ol Be KepttvpaioL (tjv 
 yap vv%) e<f>o/3rj6r](Tav /jlt) iroXefjaai coglp, eweira Be 
 eyvccorav Kau ooppLLo~aPTO. 
 
 §2 Trj 8 varepata avayofxevat at re Arnicai rpta- 
 Kovra vfjes tcai twp Keptcvpaimv baai irXwifjuou 7]crav 
 eireirXevo-av eiri top ep toIs XvJSotols XifjLepa, ep oj 
 ol Kopivdioi copjxovp, ftovXojJLepai etBepac ec pavfia^rj- 
 
 2 Govcrip. ol Be to.? fiep pad? apaPTes airo Trjs yrjs 
 kcli irapaTa^afiepot, /neTeaipovs r)o~v%a£op, pav^xayla^ ov 
 Biapoovfjuepoi apyeip e/co^re?, opwpres Trpoo-yeyeprj/jbepas 
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 ra airopa ^vfiftejSrjfcoTa, aL^pLaXcoTCOP Te irepl fyvXaKrjs, 
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 AdrjPatoL PopLLaaPTes XeXvaOaL Ta? arwopBas, Blotl e? 
 ^etpa? rjXOop, ovk ewcrL ad>a<$ airoirXelp. 
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 ras avev Krjpv/celov irpoanrepL-^raL tols A6r\paL0L<s naL 
 
 2 irelpap TroLiqaaaOaL. 7repLy\ravTes Te eXeyop TOLaBe • 
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 o-iropBas Xvopt€$ * r)fjLLp yap iroXepbLovs tovs r)pLerepovs 
 
60YKYAIAOY A. 83 
 
 Ti/jLcopovfjuevoLS efiTroBcov MTTaaOe birXa avTaLpofxevoi. 
 ei 8 vfuv yvcofirj ecrTi, KcoXveLV T€ ^a? 67TC KepKv- 
 pav r) aXXocre el ttol ^ovXofxeOa irXelv kcll Ta? cnrov- 
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 /3or)cr6v ev0v<? Xaftelv re avrovs /cat, airotcrelvai, ol 8e 
 ' AOrjvalot Toidhe direKpivavTO • a Ovre dp^ofiev iroXe- 4 
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 KcoXvofjuev • 6i Be eir\ Kepicvpav TrXevaelade ?) e? ra>v 
 e/celvcov tl ^coplcov^ ov TrepioyfrdfieOa kclto, to BvvaTov." 
 
 Tolclvtcl twv A07]vaic0v aTroKpiva/juevcov ol /lev Ko- 54 
 pLvdiot top Te ttXovv tov eir olkov TrapeaKevd^ovro 
 kcli Tpoiralov eaTrjaav ev Tot? ev ttj rjireipcp ^v/3otoi<; • 
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 ra kcltcl <7<£a? e^evey0evTa vtto tov pov /cat ave/xov, 
 o? yevofievos T17? vvktos OLeaKeoaaev avTa nravTa^rj^ 
 kcli Tpoiraiov avTecrTrjaav ev Tot? ev ttj vrjaw Avpo- 
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 vlktjv irpoa€7rocrjcravTO • Kopiv0Loi /uev KpaTr\oavTes ttj 
 vavfjia-^la fie^pc vvktos, coaTe kcli vavayia irXelo-Ta 
 kcli veKpovs TrpocKopLLaaadaL, kcll avBpas e%ovTe$ aiftfia- 
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 irepl e/3Sop,riKOVTCi eaTrjaav Tpoiraiov * KepKvpalou he 
 TpiaKQVTa vavs puaXio-Ta 8La<fi0eLpavTes, kcll eirei^r) 
 AOrjvaLOL rjX0ov, aveXofievoi Ta KaTa ocpcts avTOvs 
 vavdyLa kcll vexpovs, kcli otl avTols ttj Te irpOTepaia 
 irpvfjivav Kpovo/xevoL vTre^copTjo-av ol Kopiv0ioi iSovTes 
 Ta? ATTLKas vavs, Kai erreLCjrj rjXdov ol , A07]va2oi, ovk 
 
84 THUCYDIDIS I. 
 
 avreirXeov ck tcov Xvfiojcov, hid ravra rpoirala €<jtt]' 
 crav. ovtco puev eKarepoi vikclv rji;iovv. 
 
 55 Ol he KopivQioi airoirXeovTe^ eir oikov Avafcropiov, 
 o \otiv eirt rep arofiart tov AfxirpaKiKOv koXttov, 
 eiXov airarr) (rjv he koivov JTepKVpaicov kcll eKeivcov), 
 Kai KaraaT'qcravre^ ev avrco J£opivdiov<$ oiKTfropas dve- 
 
 yjApTjOCLV €7T OIKOV ' KCLI TCOV KepKVpaiCOV OKTaKOOlOVS 
 
 fiev oi r](jav hovXoi airehovTO, TrevTr\K0VTa he /ecu hia- 
 kociovs hrjcravTes eepvXaocrov Kai ev Oeparreiq el-^ov 
 TroXXrj, ottcos avTOLS TJjv JiepKvpav avaywpT](javTes 
 TrpocTTroirjaeiav • ervyyavov he /ecu hwdpei avTcov ol 
 2 vrXeiovs TrpcoroL ovres ttjs 7roX,e&)?. rj fiev ovv Kep- 
 tevpa ovtco uepiyiyveTai rep iroXepco tcov KopivQ'icov, 
 Kai ai vrjes tcov A0i)vaicov ave^coprjaav ef avTr)*;. 
 aiTLa he avT7) irpcorr} eyevero rov TroXepbov rot? Ko- 
 pivOiois e? roy? Adyvcuow;, oti acjyioiv ev enrovhais 
 fierd JTepKvpaicov evavpba^ovv. 
 
 56 Mercl rama 5' evOvs zeal rdhe gvve/37) yeveaOai 
 2 to2s 'AOrjvawis /ecu UeXoTvovvrjcrioi^ hiacpopa e? to 
 
 iroXe/jLelv. tcov yap JlopivOicov irpaacrovTcov bircos 
 Tipcop^acovrai avrovs, v7Toro7rrjcravTe<; ttjv eyQpav av- 
 rcov ol AOrjvaloL Tlorchaiara^, dv oircovcriv eiri rep 
 laOpcp ttjs naXXrjvr)<z, HopivQlcov airoiicovs, eavicov he 
 ^vpbpdyovs cpdpov viroTeXels, e/eeXevov to e? IJaXXrjvyv 
 T6t^o? KaOeXeiv Kai oprjpovs hovvai, tov? re eirihr)- 
 puovpyovs eKirepireiv Kai to Xoittov pr) he^ecrOai obs 
 Kara Ito? eKaarov KopivQioi eTreparov, heicravTe<=; fii] 
 airoGTCocriv vivo t€ IlephiKKov TreiOdjievoi Kai JTopiv- 
 Oicov, rovs re aXXovs tou? eiri OpciKTjs ^vva7roaT7]C7coai 
 %vp/Lia%ov<;. 
 
 57 Tavra he irpos tou? UoTihaiara^ ol AOrjvaloi irpn- 
 
60YKYAIA0Y A. 85 
 
 irapecncevd^ovTo evOvs pberd rr}V ev Iieprvpa vav/xa- 
 Xcav • ol T€ yap KoplvQioi (fravepcos tjBt] BcacpopoL 2 
 rjaav, Ueph'uacas re 6 AXe£ai>8pov, Maicehovwv /3acri- 
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 €TTo\€{Jb(007] Be, OTL <& iXlTnT to TW eCLVTOV aBeX(f)d) KCU 3 
 
 AepSa KOivrj TTpos clvtov evaviiovpuevoi^ ol AOrjvaloi 
 ^vyufxayiav znroir\(javTQ. BeBiws re eirpaaaev e? re ttjv 4 
 AatceSalfiova ireparcdv o7rco<; iroXepuo^ yevrjrai avroh 
 7Tyoo? FLeXoTrovvrjcrlovs, teal TOf? KopivQiOvs irpoaeTTOL- 
 elro t?5? UoTihaia? eveica aTroaraaeox; • nrpocretyepe Be 5 
 Xoyovs zeal tols eirl QpaK7)$ XaXtaBevat, /cat Bot- 
 Tiaiois %vvaTro<nr\vai, vopa^wv, ei ^vpb\xaya ravra eyoi 
 o/jiopa ovra ywpia, paov av iov woXepbov puer avrcov 
 TroielcrOai. o$v ol AOrjvaloi aLcrOopuevoL hcll /3ovXopbevoL 6 
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 fjLT)8ov$ fier aXXcov Betca aTparrjyovvro<;^ eTricrreXXovcrc 
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 /cat to Ta^o? icaOeXelv, twv re irXrjaLOv iroXecov (pvXa- 
 K7\v eyeiv ottcds fir) aTTOGTr\oovTai. 
 
 TioTihaiaTai Be ire^avTes pbkv kou Trap ' * AOrjvalovs 58 
 7rpea/3ei<;, eu ttcds ireiaeiav pur) acfrcov irepi vecorepL^ecv 
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 hoviav Kat eirl afyds o/Weo? eirXeov, real rd reXr) twv 
 AatceoaipiovMDV vireo-yero avrols, rju erri UoTiBatav 
 lwglv AOrjvaloi,, e? tt]V Attiktjv eaftaXelv, Tore Srj 
 Kara tov tcaipov tovtov afyio-ravTai puerd XaX/aBecjv 
 
86 THUCYDIDIS I. 
 
 2 Kat Borrtatcov Kotvrj ^vvofidaavres. Kat UepBtKKas 
 rrctOei, XaXxtBeas ra? eirt OaXaacrr) TroXets eKXtrrdvras 
 Kat Kara/3aXovras dvotKtcraaOat e? OXvvOov fitav re 
 nroXtv ravrrjv tcryypav Trot^aaaOat • rots re eKXtirovcrt 
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 ovs rroXepios fj. Kat ot /jtev avcpKt^ovro re KaOatpovv- 
 re? rds rroXets kcll es 7ro\e/jtov nrapecncevd^ovro. 
 
 59 At Be rptaKovra vrjes rcov Adyvatcov acptKvovvrat 
 es ra erri Opaxrjs teal KaraXapt^avovat rrjv re Uorl~ 
 
 2 Batav teat rdXXa acpecrrrjtcora. vo/xtaavres he ol crrpa- 
 rTjyol aBvvara elvat rrpos re Hephucfcav rroXe/jtetv rrj 
 rrapovarj Bwdptet kcu rd ^vvacpearcora ycopta, rpe- 
 rvovrat errt rrjv MaKeBovtav, ecfy brrep Kat ro rrpdre- 
 pov etjeTre/jLTTOvro, teal Karacrravres eiroXe/jLOvv fierd 
 ^lXittitov Kau rcov AepBov aBeXcfrcov avcoQev arparta 
 ea/3e/3Xr]Korcov. 
 
 60 Kai ev rovrco ol ITopivOtot, rrjs HortBatas acpecrrrj- 
 KVtas koi rcov ArrtKcov vecov Kept MatceBovtav ovacov, 
 BeBtdres rrepl rco %copico kcu oltcelov rov KtvBvvov r)yov- 
 fievot rrepbirovatv eavrcov re eOeXovras Kat rcov aXXcov 
 TJeXoirovvrja icov fitadco iretcravres e^aKoatovs Kat %£/U- 
 ovs rovs rravras oirXtras Kat tytXovs rerpaKoatovs. 
 
 2 ecrrparr\yei Be avrcov Aptcrrevs 6 ABetfiavrov, Kara 
 cptXiav re avrou ovk rJKtara ot rrXetcrrot eK KoptvOov 
 arpartcorat eOeXovrat ^vveairovro • rjv yap rots Uort- 
 
 3 Batdrats det rrore eirtrr\Betos. Kat acf>tKVOvvrat rea- 
 crapaKoarr) rj/mepa varepov erit QpaK7]s 7] JJortBata 
 airearrj. 
 
 61 'HXOe Be real rots AOrivatots evOvs rj dyyeXta rcov 
 rroXecov ort depearaatv. Kat ireixirovcnv 3 cos rjadovro 
 
GOYKYAIAOY A. 87 
 
 KCLL TOU? /JL6TCL ' 'ApLCTTecOS eTMTapOVTa*;, 8lcT%iXlOVS 6CIV- 
 ~ r .. / \ f « . v \ J , /•« 
 
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 /cat UTaXXiav tov JTaXXcdBov TreparTOV avrov arparr)- 
 yov • dt, a<j)LKO/uL€VOc e? Ma/ceSovcav irpcoTov KaraXafi- 2 
 fiavovai tov? irpOTepovs ^i/Uou? Oep/uLr/v apTi ypTj/cdras 
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 TLephiKtcav, a>? avTOVs KaTnryrreiyev r\ Uorlhaia teal 6 
 Apio-revs irapeXrfkvdwSi airaviaravTai ete rrj<; Ma/ee- 4 
 Sovias, teai acjuKopuevou e? Bepocav KateelOev eirl Xrpe- 
 yjrav Kat ireipaaavTe^ irpcoTov tov ycopuov teat ov% 
 eXovTes eiropevovTO Kara yrjv 7T|0o? ttjv Hot thaiav Tptcr- 
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 7ToXXoi<>, LITITGVCTL §6 e^aKOCTLOLS MaKeBoVCOV TOt? fjL6T(l 
 
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 e/3Bo{irjfeovTa. teaT oXlyov Se irpo'CovTes TpiTolot dcpl- 5 
 kovto e? Tuycovov teal eo-TpaToireBevaavTO. 
 
 HoTihaiaTai Be teal ol pteTa ApiGTecos UeXoirovvr\- 62 
 crioi 7rpoaSe^d/jL6voL tovs AOrjvacovs ecrTpaToireBevovTo 
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 cTTrjcras apyovTa. rjv Be r\ yvcopLTj tov ApLGTecos, to 3 
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88 THUCYDIDIS I. 
 
 4 ev /uuecTQ) iroieiv clvtwv tovs TroXefitovs. KaXXias 6° 
 av o tcov AOrjvaicov arpaTr]<yos kcli ol %vvapyovTe<$ 
 row; /nev Maicehovas unreal kol tcov %v[Jb\xay<£>v oXl- 
 yov$ 67tl OXvvOov aTroire/jLirovaiv^ oircos elpycoai tovs 
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 5 irehov e^copovv enrX tt\v TioTi8aiav. fcac eirethr] irpos 
 
 6 TCp L<70fJL(0 €<yeVOVTO KCLI elBoV TOU? 6VCLVTIOVS TTCLpCL- 
 
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 kcu, ov 7roXf vaiepov <~vvepLicr<yov. kol clvto fiev to 
 tov ApLCTTews fcepas kol oo~ol irepL eiceivov rjcrav Ko- 
 pivOccov re kcll tcov aXXcov XoyaSe?, erpetyav to kclO 
 eavTou? kcli eire^iXOov 8mdkovt€S em iroXv * to 8e 
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 TTQVVTjaLCOV 7]aCTaTO XJ1TO TCOV A07]Vai(OV KCLL 6? TO Tel' 
 
 ^o? KaTe'(pvyev. 
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 Tepcoae 8LaKLv8uvevar] ^coprjera^, rj eir\ T?y? OXvvOov r] 
 e? tt]v FLoTihaLCLV ' eSofe 8 ovv ^vvayayovrc tovs 
 fxeO eavTov cw? e? eXa^Lcrrov yw>piov 8pofxcp /3iacraa6ai, 
 e? TJ)v HoTtSaiav, Kol iraprjXOe irapa ttjv %r)Xr}v 8td 
 t>5? 6aXacro-r)s fiaXXofjLevos Te kol ^aXeirw^, oXlyovs 
 2 fiev Tivas cnro/3aXoov, Tof? Be irXeiovs crcoaas. ol 8 
 euro rrjs 'OXvvOov toIs noTiSaidraL? /3ot)6ol ^airel^e 
 8e e%i]K0VTa fiaXiGTa Grahlovs kcu eo~Tt Karacpave^^ 
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 Ti irporjXOov &)? /3o7]6r)o-ovTes, kol ol MaKehoves lttttt]^ 
 avTiTrapeTa^avro aj? KcoXvcrovres ■ eirec^T] he Sea Ta^oy? 
 rj vlkii tcov ' 'A07jvaicov eyiyveTO kcli Ta arj /xela KaTe- 
 GirdaQiq, ttclKiv eirave^oopovv e? to rectos kcli ol 
 Ma/ceSoVe? irapd tovs AQiqvaiov^ • lttttt}^ 8 ov8ere° 
 
0OYKYAIAOY A. §Q 
 
 poi? irapeyevovTo. fiera Be tt)v pba^r/v Tpoiralov earr)- 3 
 aav 01 AOrfvalob kcli toi»? vexpovs vttogttovBovs aire- 
 Boaav toI? UoTihaiaTais • airedavov Be HoTiBaiaTwv 
 fxev zeal rcov gvjxpkayoav oXtyw eXaaaov^ Tpicucoacwv, 
 ' ' AOrjvalwv Be civtcov irevTJ]KOVTa kcu efcaiov kclL KaX- 
 Xias o (JTpaTr)<yos. 
 
 To B €K TOV LO~6/JLOV T€t^O? €v6v<$ 01 A07]Va7oL OTTO- 64 
 
 reL^LO-avre^ ecf>povpovv • to B e? tj)v IlaXXrivrjv drei- 
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 %eiVy BeBtoTes /jltj g$kjiv ol TloTiBaiaTai kol ol ^v/jl- 
 liayoi ytyvo/jievois Bl%a enriQwvTai. kcli irvvOavd/ievot 2 
 ol ev rrj iroXei Adrjvaloi ttjv UaXXr}vr)v aieiyiGTOv 
 ovcrav, %pov(p varepov nrefxirovGLV e^aKoawvg kcli yCkiovs 
 ottXltcls eavrwv kcli ^oppawva tov Agcottlov arparr)' 
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 fipayy irpo'iwv kcli /cecpcov a/xa tt)v yrjv • oj? B ooSet? 3 
 eiregrjeL e? fxa'xrjv, aireTei^iae to etc tt}? JJaXXr]vr]^ 
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 (J)OT€pco6ev e7roXiopiceiTO kcu, e/c 6aXao~o~r)S vavaiv apia, 
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 ApicTevs Be diroTeL^LcrOeiar]^ avTr)<; kcu eXirtBa ov~ 65 
 Bepuav e^wv crcoTrjplas, rjv /jut) ti airo YleXoirovvr}Gov 
 rj aXXo irapa Xoyov ytyvrjTcu, gvvej3ovXeve puev 7rXrjv 
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 07ra>? eiri irXeov 6 crtro? avTio-^r), kol .auTO? rjOeXe 
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 o)? aptGTa, 6K7rXovv iroielTai XaOcov ttjv cj)vXaKr)v tcov 
 AOrjvalcov. kol ?rapap,ev(Di> ev XaXKiBevcn to. re aXXa 2 
 
90 THUCYDIDIS I. 
 
 ^vveiroXepbet /cat XepfivXcwv Xo^r]aa<; Trpo? rr) iroXet 
 ttoXXovs St€<p0etpev, e? re TT\v IleXoTrovvrjcrov eirpaa- 
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 crtovs /cat %tXtovs i7]v XaX/ctBt/cr)v /cat Borrt/crjv eByou 
 /cat eartv a /cat 7roXtcrpbara elXev. 
 
 66 ToU B AOrjvatots teat HeXoTrovvrjalots air tat puev 
 avrat irpoajyeyevrjvTO e<? aWrjXovs, toZ? puev KoptvOtots 
 ort TTjV IIortBatav eavrcov ovaav airot/ctav /cat dvBpa? 
 KoptvOtcov re /cat IleXoTrovvrjatcov ev avrrj bvras eiro- 
 Xtdp/covv, rots B AOrjvatots es tow? JJeXoirovv^atov^ 
 ort eavTcov re iroXtv ^vptpLa^tBa /cat cfidpov viroTeXr) 
 a7reo-T7]o~av /cat eXOovres acf>to~tv airo rov 7rpocpavov<; 
 e^iayovro pterd Uorthatarwv. ov ptevrot b ye nroXe- 
 fid? tt(o fjvveppooyet, aXX ert avaKco^rj r\v ■ tBta yap 
 Tavra ol KoptvOtot eirpa^av. 
 
 67 TIoXtopKovfievr]^ Be ttjs IIortBatav ov% r\o-vya < C ) ov, dv- 
 Bpcov re crcptcrtv evovrcov /cat ctpta irept t&> y^coptw Be- 
 Btdres • rrapetcaXovv re evOvs e? rr)v Aa/ceBatpuova row 
 ^vptptd-^ovv /cat /careftocov eXOovrev rcov Adrjvatcov on 
 arrovBdv re XeXvfcdres elev /cat aBttcolev rr)v IleXoTrdv- 
 
 2 vr}o~ov. Atytvrjrat re cfiavepcos ptev ov 7rpecr/3evopL€vot, 
 BeBtdres tou? AOrjvatovs, tcpvcpa Be, ov% 7]/ctcrra pter 
 avrcov evr\yov rov rroXepov, Xeyovres ov/c eivat avro- 
 
 3 vofiot /card rds arrovBav. ol Be Aa/ceBatp-oviot rrpoa- 
 rrapa/caXeaavre^ rwv ^vp^pta^cov /cat et rtv rt aXXo 
 ecfirj rjBticrjo-Qai vtto AOrjvatcov, ^vXXoyov acficov avrcov 
 
 4 Trotrjaavre^ rov etcoOdra Xeyetv eiceXevov. teat aXXot 
 re Traptovres eyfcXrj/xara eirotovvro &)? e/caarot /cat 
 Meyaprjs, BrjXovvTe? fiev /cat erepa ov/c oXtya Stacpopa, 
 fxdXicna he Xtpievwv re eopyeaOat rcov ev ry AOrjvatcov 
 
GOYKYAIAOY A. 91 
 
 apXV KCLl T *? ? Arretcr}? ayopds irapa ra? o~7rovha<;. 
 irapeXOovres he reXevralot ol KoptvOtoc, teat, rovs aX- 5 
 Xovs eaaavres rrpwrov irapo^vvac rovs AatcehcupLovLovs, 
 eirenrov roLahe. 
 
 Totavra he Xe'fa? e7re^frrj(f)i^ev auTO? e<f>opo<; cov e? 87 
 rrjv €KtcXrj<Tcav rcov AafceSaLfiovLCQv. 6 he (icpivovai 2 
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 Xov opfirjaai eXe^ev * " Oreo puev v/jlcov, oh AateehaLpio- 3 
 viol, hoteovao XeXvaOat al arrovhai teal ol Adrjvaloc 
 ahttcelv, dvaarrjrco e? etcelvo to %(0ptov," Set^as tl 
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 hotcrj. teal ot fiev aire^ooprjcrav eir oc/eov hiairpa^d- 5 
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 reraprcp erei teat herea-ray rcov r pLateovrovr Ihcov arrov- 
 hcov irpoKe^wprjKViwv, at eyevovro perd ret Evfioi'tcd. 
 
 E-^rrj^naavro he ol AatcehaLfiovLOL ra? crTrovhds 88 
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 pa^cov TreLcrOevres roU Xoyois ocrov <f)o/3ovp,evoL tou? 
 'AdrjvaLOVS prj cttl puel^ov hwrjOcocnv, opwvres avrols 
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92 THUCYDIDIS I. 
 
 89 Oi yap A6r)valoi rpoirw roicpSe rj\6ov em ra 7rpay- 
 
 2 fiara ev ot? 7]v^rj0r]aav. eireiSr] MrjSoc ave^cop^aav 
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 rwv AatceSaLfjioincov, bairep rjyelro rwv ev Mv/caXy 
 
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 pirjaav, ev ah avroi eo-KrjvTjcrav ol Svvaroi rwv 
 Uepcrcov. 
 
 90 AaKeSatpovioi Se aiaOofievoi ro /neXXov r/X6ov rrpea- 
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 vov<$ pr\r aXXov fiySeva tc^o? eyovra, ro Se irXeov 
 rwv J^vppaywv e^orpvvovrcov icai (poftovpevcov rov re 
 vavriKov avroiv ro TrXr)6o$, b rrpiv ov% vTrr)pye, icai 
 
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60YKYAIA0Y A. 93 
 
 Be rov fiapftdpoV) ei avOis eireXOoi, ovk av e^ovTos 
 diro e%vpov 7ro6ev, cocnrep vvv e/c tcov Orjflcov, opfid- 
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 a(3ets irepi cov Xeyovcnv^ evOvs airrfhXa^av • eavrov B 
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 Trpecrfteis [ir] evOvs eKTrefxTretv, aXX eiria^elv ^%P l 
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 irdvTas iravhrjfiei, tovs ev rfj iroXei, kcu avTovs kcu 
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 avTov epotro tcov ev TeXet bvrcov o ti ovk errepyeTai 
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 Tzdpeicriv. 
 
 . Ol Be dtcovovTes rco fiev QefiicrTOKkel eirelOovro Bid 91 
 tyiXiav avTov, tcov Be aXXcov acptKVOv^evcov Kai aacpeos 
 KaTTjyopovvTCOV otl TeL^i^erai re Kai rjBri vijros Xafx- 
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94 THUCYDIDIS I. 
 
 teat ire pi avrcov 6 Qe/uLicrTOfcXrjs tols AOrjvcuois fcpixfia 
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GOYKYAIAOY A. 95 
 
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96 THUCYDIDIS I. 
 
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 94 TLavaavias he 6 KXeo/jb/3pdrov etc AaKehalfiovos 
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. GOYKYAIAOY A. 97 
 
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98 THUCYDIDIS I. 
 
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0OYKYAIAOY A. 99 
 
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eOYKYAIAOY A. 105 
 
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 €v ray aGCpaXel p,ev epiol, e/eeivco 8e ev erri/ecvBvvcp iraXiv 
 7] cnroKopLior} eytyvero. teat pLOL evepyeGca ocpecXerac 
 (jypatyas rr\v eie XaXapuvos rrpodyyeXeriv rrjs avayco- 
 prjcrecDS /eat rr)v rcov yeefyvpcov, rjv yjrevBcos irpoGeiroir]- 
 eraro, rore 8l avrov ov BioXvglv} teat vvv eywv ae 
 pueyaXa ayada Bpacrai rrapetpi Sicofeop^evo^ vrro rcov 
 EXXtjvcov 8ta rrjv err)v eptXiav. /3ovXop,aL 8 evcavrov 
 eiriGywv avrds gol irepl cov tjkco BrjXcoGai." 
 
 BaGtXevs Se, <w? Xeyerao, eOavpiaGe re avrov rr)v\%{ 
 Biavoiav /eat e/eeXeve iroielv ovrcos. 6 8 ev rep ypdvco 
 bv eireG^e rrjs TIepGi8o<$ yXcoGGrjs baa r)8vvaro teare- 
 vorjGe /ecu rcov eirirj]8evpdreov rrjs %copa<; • a<pL>edpLevo<; 2 
 oe pera rov evtavrov yiyverai Trap avrco pbeyas teac 
 ogos ov8ei<$ iTco EXXrjvcov 8La re rr)v irpovrrapyovGav 
 a^LcoGiv /eat rov EXXrjviieov eXirc8a rjv vireriQei avrco 
 BovXcoGecv, piaXcGra 8e airo rov nreipav 8l8qv<$ ^vvero<i 
 
108 THUCYDIDIS I. 
 
 3 fyaiveoQai. iqv yap 6 OepiGTOKXrjS, /3e/3aLOTaTa Br) 
 cpVGecos layyv Br\XcoGa<$, km, BiacjiepovTcos ti e? avro 
 pdXXov erepov a^ios BavpaGai • OLfceia yap ^vveaeo, 
 Kai ovt6 irpopaucov e? avrrjv ovoev ovr eTripaucov, 
 tcov T€ Trapa^prj/ia Bt e\a%icn7}<$ ftovXrjs KpaTiGTO<$ 
 yvcopucov Kai tcov peXXovTcov eiri irXelarov tov yevrj- 
 Gopevov apLGTos eiKaGirfi ' teal a puev per a ^etpa? 
 eyoi^ Kai €^r)yr]Gao-0ai oios T€, cov Be aireipos elrj, 
 Kplvai iKavcos ovk airrjXXaKTo • to t€ apeivov rj yelpov 
 ev tco acpavet ert irpoecopa paXi.GTa. Kai to ^vparav 
 etirelv^ cpvG&os puev Bvvap^ec, peXeTT)? Be j3pa^vTr)TL 
 KpaTiGTO^ Brj ovtos avTOGyeBia^eiv ra BeovTa eyeveTO. 
 
 4 voGTjGas Be TeXevTa tov fiiov ' XeyovGi Be Tives Kai 
 e/covGcov cpappaKco airoOavelv avTov, aBvvaTov vopl- 
 
 5 GavTa elvai eiriTeXeGai (3aGiXei a wneGyeTo. pvrjpelov 
 pev ovv avTov ev MayvrjGia €gtl ttj AGiavy ev ttj 
 ayopa • TavTrjs yap r]p\e Trjs %a)p<2?, Soz/to? ftaGiXecos 
 avTcp MayvrjGiav pev apTov, rj TrpoGecpepe iTevTr\K0VTa 
 TaXavTa tov eviavTov, Aapyjraxov Be olvov (eBoKeu yap 
 
 6 iroXvoLvoTaTov tcov tot€ elvai), MvovvTa Be byjrov. to, 
 Be ogtcl (paGi KopiG6r)vai avTov 01 TrpOGTjnovTes otKaBe 
 KeXevGavTos eKeivov Kai TeOrjvai Kpv<pa A6r\vaicov ev 
 tt) *Attikt) • ov yap e^rjv OaTTTeiv «? eirt irpoBoGia 
 (f>evyovTO$. ra puev KaTa TLavGaviav tov AaKeBai/xo- 
 vlov Kai ©epiGTOKXea tov AOtjvuiov, XapirpoTaTov? 
 yevopevovs tcov Ka6 eavTovs ' EXXtjvcov, ovtcos eTeXev- 
 
 TTjGev. 
 
 1$9 AaKeBaipovioi Be eirl pev tt)<; nrpcoTr)^ TrpeG$eia<$ 
 ToiavTa eireTa^av re Kai avTeKeXevG0r)Gav irepi tcov 
 evaycov tt}? eXaGeco? • vGTepov Be cpotTcovTes Trap 
 ' AQr\valov<$ TToTiBaias Te aTraviGTaG0aL eKeXevov Kai 
 
eOYKYAIAOY A. 1Q9 
 
 Atyivav avrovofjLov acfytevac, kcli puaXicrTa ye iraviwv 
 kcli evhrj\.07CLTa rrpouXeyov to irepu Meyapecov yjrr](f)Lapa 
 KaOeXovcrt pur] av yeveaQai rroXepbov, ev d> etprjro av- 
 rovs ixtj ^prjaOac tols Xt/netJC toZ? ev irj A6i]vcu<ov 
 apXO /^V^G T V Attlkt) ayopa. ol 8 Adr\valoi oure 2 
 raXXa vTrrjKOVov oure to -^rricfiLo-pLa KaOrjpovv, eiriKa- 
 Xouvres eirepyacnav Meyapevcrt, ttjs yrjs Trjs tepas kcic 
 rrjs aoptarou kcli avBpawoBcov v7ro8o^i]V tcov a$i<na- 
 ptevcov. reXo? 8e afyiKOfievcov rcov TeXevracwv Trpeaftecov 3 
 efc AafceBaLfAovos, Pcl/jlc^lov 76 kcu MeXrjcuTnrou kcli 
 AyrjaavBpov, kol XeyovTcov akXo puev ov8ev oov irpo- 
 repov euwdeaav, avra 8e rdSe, ore Aatcehaifjuovioi (3ov- 
 Xovtcll ttjv eipr\vr\v elvai, eir) 8 av et tovs EXXr/va? 
 clvtovo/jlovs a(f)€iT6, 7roL7]cravT€<; eKKXr\<jiav ol AOrjvaloo 
 yvwfjbas cr<j)LGLV avrols irpovTiOeaav, tcai e8oK.ei aira^ 
 nrepu diravrcov {3ovXevaa/jL€vov$ airoKpivaaOai. tcai 7ra- 4 ■ 
 ptovre? aXXoi re ttoXXol eXeyov, eir ajjicporepa ytyvo- 
 fjuevot rah yvwfiacs /cal w? %pr) iroXepuelv Ka\ ft>? pur) 
 efiTToSiov elvai to '^^(pLcrp.a eLpr\vr)s, aXXa KadeXelv, 
 Kac irapeXOcov TlepL/cXrjs 6 aavObTnrov, dvrjp /car e/cel- 
 vov tov %povov irpwro^ AOrjvaltov, Xe'yeiv re kol 
 irpaaaeiv 8vvaTG)TaT0<;, Traprjvei Toid8e. 
 
 O fiev IlepLfcXrjs roiavra elirev. ol S' ' A Orjvalo 1 1M 
 vofjbicravTes apio~Ta acfacc Trapaivelv avrov eyjrrjcfrio-avTo 
 a e/ceXeve, Kat rot? AatceBaLpLOVLOts aireKpivavTO ttj 
 efcecvou yvcopir], /cad' etcaaTa re go? efypacre icai to 
 ^vpLirav, ovSev tceXevopievoL TroLrjaeiv, 8lkt] 8e Kara r«? 
 %vv6r}Ka$ €tol/jlol elvai hiaXveaOai irep\ tcov ey/cXr/pd- 
 tcdv eirt barj nai o/xota. Kat ol fiev a7re^(i>p7]o~av eir 
 olkov kol OVK6TL vGTepov eiTpea^evovTo. 
 
110 THUCYDIDIS I. 
 
 145 Airiai Be clvtcll icai Biafyopau eyevovro a/jL<f)OTepoL<? 
 irpo tov TroXejJLov, ap^afievac evOvs airo rcov ev Ettc- 
 8d/JLV(p KOLi Kep/cvpa. enrepayvvvTO Be oficos ev clvtclis 
 kcli Trap aWrfkov^ ecf)oiT(ov aKrjpvKT(o<; fiev, owttotttw^ 
 Be ov • cnrovBcov yap ^vyyyoL^ ra ycyvop,eva tjv kcli 
 TTpo(f)aGis tov TroXe/juetv. 
 
XENOPHOFS MEMORABILIA OF SOCRATES. 
 
 (Text of Kuhner. Teubner.) 
 
 BOOK I. Ch. 1. 
 
 IloWafas eOavfiaaa, t'kjl irore Xoyois AQiqvaiov^ l 
 €7T€icrav 01 ypayfrafievoL Xwtcpajrjv, go? af;io<; ecrj 6avd- 
 rov rfj iroXei. H fiev yap ypacfrr) tear avrov rotate 
 T£9 rjv ' aSt/cel Xcofcparr]^ ovs fiev r\ rroXis vo/JUi- 
 %€t 0€ovs ov vofic^cou, erepa 8e kcllvcl haifjiovia 
 €L<;<p6p(ov ' aStfcei be Kai toi;? veovs StacftOel- 
 pcov. 
 
 UpoiTov fjuev ovv, eo? ovfc evdjuL^ev ovs r) 7toXl<; 2 
 vofJLi^ei #eou?, ttolw nror e^prjaavro reKfxrjpiw ; 6vwv 
 re yap (fiavepos r\v iroXXaKis fxev oikoi, rroXXaKis 8e 
 
 €7Tl T(OV KOIVWV Tr}<? 7ToX.6ft)? ficdflCOV, Kai fiaVTLKT] ^pOO- 
 
 jbb€vo$ ovk acf>avr)<; rjv • hiereOpvXrjro yap, go? <pacrj 
 ^cofeparrfi to Satfidviov eavrcp arjfxaivetv • b6ev $7] Kai 
 fiaXccrra \ioi SoKOvaiv avrov avriaaaoQai tcatva Bai- 
 fiovia etsffiepeiv. O $ ovhev Kaivorepov eisecjiepe rwv 3 
 aXXwv, ogoi fiavTifcrjv vofjbi^ovres olcovols re ^pwvrai 
 Kai <f>r]fjLaL<; Kai o-vjjl(3o\ol$ Kai dvalat^ • ovroi re yap 
 vrroXafJufiavovaLv ov rovs hpviQas ovBe tovs airavrcov- 
 Ta? eihevat ra crv/LLcfiepovTa rot? /xavrevofiepot^, aXXa 
 Toy? Oeovs Slcl rovrwv avrd arj/iatveLv, /cd/ceLVOS Be 
 outgo? evd/xt^ev. AXX ol fiev irXelaroL (feaaiv viro re 4 
 touv opviOwv Kau tcdv arravrwvrwv arrorperreoQat re 
 
Til 
 
 I 
 
 112 xenophon's MEMORABIL. I. 1. 
 
 kcli nrporperreaOai • 2cofcpdrr}<; Be, wsirep eyiyvoocncev, 
 ovrws eXeye • to Baipoviov yap e<j>r) armaiveiv. Kal 
 ttoXXols rcov ^vvovrcov nrpoinyopeve ra fiev irocelv, 
 Be /jut] TTOielv, co? rov Baupioviov irpodrnxaivovro^ • ica 
 tols p,ev rreiOofxevoi^ avroo auvecpepe, rol<; Be pur) irei- 
 
 5 6o/JL€VOl$ jbL€T€fJLe\e. KdlTOL t/? OVK, CIV 6fJLO\oyrj<T€t€V 
 
 aujov /3ovXea0ai puiqr rfXiQiov /jltjt aka'Cpva <f)aive- 
 aOcu rols avvovacv ; E&o/cet $ av apcf)orepa ravra, 
 ei rrpoayopevoov w? viro deov fyaivopueva Kara -yjrev- 
 Bopevos ecf)abP€ro. AfjXov ovv, ore ovk av rrpoeXeyev, 
 ei /jlt) eiriarevev aXrj6evaetv. Tavra Be Ti? av aXXop 
 marevaeiev rj Oeco ; Utcrrevoov Be Oeois rrcos ovk elvai 
 
 6 6eov<? evofiL^ev ; AX\a puqv eiroiei zeal TaBe irpo^ rovs 
 €7TLT7]Beiovs ' ra pev yap avayicaua o~vve/3ovXeve tcac 
 rrparretv, go? evopt^ev apiar av irpa^OrjvaL • rrept Be 
 rcov aBrfXcov, ottcos av arro^GOiro, pLavrevo~o[xevov<s 
 
 7 eizepbirev, ei iroir]rea. J\at rovs peXXovras olkovs re 
 Kai rroXeis koXcos oucr]aeiv puavriKr)^ ecprj rrpo^BelcrOai • 
 refCTOvi/cov /nev yap rj yaXKevrtKOV ij yeoopyiKOv r) 
 avOpcoircov apyiKOv rj rcov rotovrcov epyoov e^eraan/wv 
 r) XoyMTTLtcov r) oacovofxiKOv r) arparr)yiKov yeveauaL, 
 nrdvra ra roiavra p,adr\p,ara koX dvOpoorrov yvcopur) 
 
 8 aiperea evopuQev eivai • ra be /xeyccrra rcov ev rovrots 
 €<fir) rovs Oeovs eavrols tear aXeiirea Sac, ohv ovBev BrjXov 
 elvai rot? avOpoiirois. Ovre yap rou roo /caXco^ aypov 
 cj^vrevaafievcp BrjXov, o^Ti? Kapirwaerat ■ ovre roo rcaXax; 
 oiKtav oc/coBofir/cra/xevop BrjXov, bsris oifcrjaet • ovre rco 
 crrparrjyiKcp BrjXov, ei o-vfMpepet arparrjyecv • ovre rco 
 7roXirifcop BrjXov, eo av/j(f>epet rrj<; iroXecdS Trpoararelv • 
 ovre rep KaXr)v yrj/navrt^ iv evc^paivrjrai, BrjXov, ec 
 Bia ravrrjv avcacrerat • ovre roo Bvvarovs ev rrj rroXei 
 
SENCXM2NT02 A- 113 
 
 Kr)$eaTa<? Xa/3dvrt Br/Xov, el Btd rovrov? crreprjcrerat 
 Trjs 7ro\60)?. Tow? Be /irjBev rcov rotovrcov oto/mevow; 9 
 elvat Bat/idvtov, aXXa rrdvra rrjs avQ pcorr tvi)<$ yvco/urjs, 
 Bat/jtovdv ecpy ' Batfiovdv Be /cat rov? /JLavrevopuevov; a 
 rots dvOpcoirots eBco/cav ot 6eot fxaOovat BtaKptvetv • 
 olov ei rts errepcorcpr), rrorepov errtcrra/jievov ijvto^elv 
 em ^evyos Xa(3elv Kpetrrov rj (jltj errtarap,evov • r) iro- 
 repov emarapuevov /cvpepvav eirt ttjv vavv Kpeirrov 
 Xa/3etv r) fxr) errtcrrdpievov • rj a e^eartv apiOptrjaavras 
 rj fier prjaavr as rj orr^avras etBevat, tou? ra rotavra 
 irctpd rcov Oecov rrvvQavoyuevovs aOeputara rrotelv ijyetro • 
 ecprj Be Betv, a ptev ptaOovras rrotelv eBco/cav oi 6eot, 
 ptavOavetv • a Be pur] BrjXa rots avOpcorrots eart, rrei- 
 paaOai Bid ptavrtKtjs rrapa rcov Oecov rrvvOdveaOat • 
 rous oeovs yap ot? av cocrtv iXeco arjptatvetv. 
 
 AWa pbrjv eiceivos ye aet ptev r)v ev rco cpavepco • 10 
 rrpcot re yap et? rows ireptrrarovs teat ra yvptvaata 
 yet /cat irXrjOovarjS ayopcts e/cei cpavepos rjv /cat ro 
 Xotirov aet rrjs rjptepas rjv, birov irXetarots pteXXot 
 avveaeaOat • /cat eXeye ptev cos ro rroXv, rots Be (3ov- 
 Xoptevots e^rjv arcovetv. OvBets Be ircoirore ^co/cparovs 11 
 ovBev acre/3e? ovBe avocrtov ovre rrparrovros elBev ovre 
 Xeyovros i-jtcovaev. OvBe yap rrept rrjs rcov iravrcov 
 cfivcrecos, yrrep rcov dXXcov ot rrXelcrrot, BieXeyero, cr/co- 
 rrcov, bircos 6 KaXovptevos vivo rcov o'ocptcrrcov Kocrptos 
 ecfyv, /cat rtcTLv avaytcais hfcacrra ycyverac rcov ovpa- 
 vicov, aXXa /cat rov$ cfipovn^ovras ra rotavra /jbcopat- 
 vovras aireBeacvvev. Kai rrprorov \xev avrcov ecncdrreL, 12 
 irorepa irore vofjacravres acavco<$ rjBij ravQpcomva eiBe- 
 vat epyovrat em ro rvepi rcov rotovrcov cppovrtQetv, y) 
 ra jxev avOpcoireta rrapevres, ra Bat/ndvta Be ctkottovv- 
 
114 xenophon's MEMORABIL. I. 1. 
 
 13 res tjyouvTat ra wposrjKovTa irpdrTeiv. EOavfia^e B\ 
 €i fxq cpavepov avTols eariv, on ravra ov BvvaTov 
 eartv avOpcoiroi? evpeiv • eirel teal tovs fieyicrTov eppo- 
 vovvras eiri tco irepv tovtcov Xeyeiv ov javra Bo^a^eiv 
 aXXrjXois, aXXa rot? fiaivofievois o/Wa)? BiaKelaOai 
 
 14 7rpo? aXXr]Xov<;. Tcov re yap fiaivofievcov tovs fiev 
 ovBe ra Beiva BeBievai, tou? Be Kai tol fir) <po/3epa 
 <f>o/3eia0ai • km tols fiev ovB ev o^Xco BoKeiv ala^pov 
 elvai Xeyejbv r] iroielv otiovv, tois Be ovB e^trrjTeov 
 €t? avOpwiTovs eivac BoKeiv • Kai tovs fiev ovd* lepov 
 ovie ficofiov out aXXo tcov Oeicov ovBev Tificiv, toi»? 
 Be Kai XiOovs Kai tjvXa ra TvyovTa /ecu 6r)pia ae'/3e- 
 oQai • tcov re irepi rrjs tcov nrdvTcov cf)vcreco<; fiepifi- 
 vcovtwv Tot? /iev Boicelv ev fidvov to ov elvai, Tens 8* 
 aireipa to ttXtjOo^ • /eat rots fiev ael KivelcrOai irdvra, 
 tols 8 ov8ev av irore KivrjOrjvai • /eat to6? fiev iravia 
 yiyvecrOai re teat airoXXvaOai^ Tot? 8e ovt av yeve- 
 
 15 crOai 7TOT6 ovBev ovt airoXelaOai. E<r/coir€i Be irepi 
 avTcov Kai TaBe • ap cosirep oi TavOpcoireia fiavOa- 
 vovTes r)yovvTat tovO b to av fiaOcocriv eavTois t£ 
 Kat tcov ciXXcov otco av /3ovXcovTai Tronqaeiv, ovtco Kai 
 ol to. Oela fyTOvvTes vo/ju^ovctiv, eireiBav yvcoatv, ah 
 avdyxais eieacrTa yiyveTcu, iroirjaeiv, oTav ftovXcovTai, 
 Kat avejjLOV? 'Kai vBaTa Kai copa<; Kai otov B av aXXou 
 BecovTai tcov toiovtcov, rj toiovto fiev ovBev ov8 eX- 
 TTi^ovaiv, dpKel B avTols yvcovai fiovov, r) tcov toiov- 
 
 16 tcov eKacrTa yiyveTai ; JJe pi fiev ovv tcov TavTa 
 irpayfiaTevofievcov TOiavTa eXeyev • afro? Be irepl tcov 
 dvOpcoireicov av del BieXeyeTo, ctkottcov, ti ewjeftes, ti 
 aaeftes • ti koXov, ti aia^pov • ti BiKaiov, ti olBikov 
 tl acocppoavvT], ti fiavia • ti avBpeia, ti BecXia * ti 
 
SENOM2NT02 A. H5 
 
 7T0\t?, T* TToXiTLKOS ' TO «/0%^ avdpCOITCOV, TL «p%t/CO? 
 
 avOpdiiTcov, koI 7repl twv aXXcov, a tovs puev eoBoTas 
 rjweiro KaXovs KayaOovs elvai, tou? B dyvoovvras av- 
 BpaTroBcoBecs av Bacaio)^ K€fc\r}cr0aL. 
 
 ( Oaa fiev ovv p>7] cfxxvepos fjv brrws eycyvcocrKev, ov- 17 
 Bev davpLaarbv virep tovtcov irepl clvtov irapayvwvat 
 tou? Sucao-rds ' oca Be TraWe? yheaav, ov Oaufiacrrou, 
 €t pur/ tovtcov eveOv pLi)6r]crav ; BovXevaas yap irore 18 
 /cat tov fiovXevrucov bpicov opioaas, ev a> rjv Kara 
 tou? vopLovs (3ovXevaeiv, eiriGTait]^ ev tco Brjpup yevo- 
 puevos, eTTiQvpbT}oavTos tov Brjp,ov irapa tovs vdpuovs 
 evvea cTpaT7]yovs pua ^ri^cp tou? apucpc OpacrvXXov 
 real EpaatvlBrjv airomelvai 7raVra?, ovk r)6eXr)crev eiri- 
 ^7](f)iaai, opyt^o/xevov ptev avTcp tov Br]p,ov, ttoXXcov 
 he teat, BvvaTcov aireiXovvTcov, aXXa irepl irXeuovos 
 eiron]o-aTo evopicelv \] yapio-aoQai tco Br'jficp irapa to 
 Bi/catov Kai cfivXa^aadat tovs aireiXovvTas. Kal yap 19 
 €7ripieXela6at 6eov<$ evopa^ev avOpcoircov, ov% bv Tpoirov 
 oi ttoXXol vofic^ovaiv • ovtoi puev yap otovrai tovs 
 Oeovs Ta puev etBevai, ra £' ov/c elBevai, • XcoKpaTT}? 
 he iravTa fiev r/yetTO Oeovs elBevac, to, re Xeyopueva 
 Kai irparTopbeva teal tcl criyfj ftovXevopueva, iravTayov 
 Be irapelvat /cat arjpiaivetv toU dvOpconrot^ irepl tcov 
 avOpcoireicov ttovtcov. 
 
 ©avpua^co ovv, ottco^ irore ei7eio-Qr\aav AOrjvaloi 20 
 XwtcpaTTjv irepl tgvs Oeovs pir] acocfrpovelv, tov a<re/3e? 
 ptev ovBev ttotq irept tou? deovs ovt enrovTa ovt6 
 irpa^avTa, ToiavTa Be Kal XeyovTa icau irpaTTovTa 
 irepb decov, old Ti? civ, Kal Xeycov Kal nrpaTTCOV^ elrj 
 T€ Kal vopul^oLTo evae/3ec7TaT0<;. 
 
116 xenophon's MEMORABIL. I. 4. 
 
 BOOK I. Ch. 4. 
 
 1 Ei Be TtI/6? ^CDKpUTJJV VO/jLI%OV(TLV, &i>? €1/101 ypd<pOVO~L 
 
 T6 /cat Xeyovai rrepc avrov reKpLacpo/jbevoo, irporpeYa- 
 oQcll fxev uvBpoyiTovs err uperrjv Kpdriarov yeyovevai, 
 nrpoayayeiv o eir avri}v ov% ucavov • GKe-yapLevoi, fxi) 
 fiovov a e/ceivos KoXaarrjpcov eveica rovs rravr oiopue- 
 vovs etBevai epcorcoi/ rfkey^ev, aXXa /cat a Xeywv 
 avvrjfiepeve tch? avvBiarpt^ovat, BoKipia^ovrcov, et t/ca- 
 
 2 i/o? ^f /3e\Tiov$ irotelv rov<; avvovra^. Ae'l-co Be 
 rrpcorov a rrore avrov rjfcovaa rrept rov Baifioviov 
 SiaXeyofie'vov rrpos ApccrroBrjpLov rov MiKpov eirifca- 
 Xovpuevov. Karafiadcov yap avrov ovre Ovovra Tot? 
 Oeols ^ovr ev^ofievov* ovre pbavriKT) y^pwfievov^ aXXa 
 Kai rcov rroiovvroav ravra tcarayeXcovra • Etrre fioi, 
 ecprj, co ApicrroBr/pe, eariv ov^riva^ avOpcoirov? reOav- 
 jxaica^ ein aotpta ; Eyooye, ecf/rj. Kat 6? * Ae^ov 
 
 3 tj/jLlv, ecprj^ ra ovopuara avrwv. — htm jxev roivvv 
 eirwv 7roLTjcr€L ' Oprjpov eycoye pLaXtara redavp,a/ca, eiri 
 Be Bi6vpdpi(B(p MeXavi7T7riBr)v, em he rpaywBia %o(fro~ 
 /cAea, em Be avBptavroiroua IloXv/cXeirov, em Be 
 
 4 ^coypacpta Zev^iv. Tlorepa <roi Bokovctlv 01 airepya- 
 
 ^ofxevoi etBcoXa acppovd re /cat atavrjra a^ioOavfiaaro- 
 repot eivai ?) 01 Lwa ejucppova re /cat evepya ; — 
 FLoXv, vrj Ala, ol %ooa, enrep ye /mr) rv^y nvi, aXXa 
 
 viro yvu>fjL7]s ravra ytyverai. Tcov Be arefcpaprco^ 
 
 e^ovrcov, brov eveKa ean, tcac rcov (pavepcas err cocpe- 
 Xeca ovrcov irorepa rv^ys Kai rrorepa yvcop,7]<; epya 
 Kpiveis ; llperrei puev ra err cocpeXeca yiyvoyueva 
 
 5 yvwfirjs epya elvai. Ovkovv Bofcel 001 6 e£ apxV^ 
 
 rroccov avOpoorrovs err axpeXeia rrpo^Oeivai avrois Be 
 
EENO<M2NT02 A. \\>J 
 
 cov 
 
 aiaOavovrai eicaara, ocpOaXfxovs /u-ei>, o)?re opav ra 
 opara, cora he\ cosre aKoveiv ra dtcovard ; Oaficov 
 <ye /jLt/v, ei purj plves it poser edrjcrav, tl av r\plv ocpeXo? 
 rjv ; TV? h av aLaOrjai? rjv jXvKecov teal hpLjmecov teal 
 rravrcov rcov ota crTo/xaro? ijbecov, ei pit) yXcorra rov- 
 tcov yvco/xcov eveipydadr) ; IIpos he tovtois ov hoKel 6 
 croc real rohe rrpovocas epyov eoctcevai, to, eirel daOevj]^ 
 fxeu eariv r) o-v^t?, ftXecpdpots avrr)v Ovpcooao, a, orav 
 fxev avrr) yjiY]oQat re her), avairerdvvvrai, ev he rco 
 vrrvco avytcXeLerai ; <y? h av p.r)he avepuoL fiXairTcocriv, 
 ififxov /3Xe(paptha<; epupvcrai • ocppvai re airoyeiacoo-ai 
 ra virep rcov ofifzarcov, go? fir)h 6 etc rrjs tcecpaXrjs 
 thpco? Katcovpyrj ' to he rr)v aK07]v he^eaOai puev rrucras 
 epeovds, efiTTiTrXaadai he pLrjirore • teal rovs /juev irpoaOev 
 ohovras rrdai £oW? olovs repLvetv eivai, tou? he yopi- 
 (piovs olovs rrapa rovrcov he^apevovs Xeaiveiv • /cat 
 cTTo/jLa fiev, ht ov cov emOvpLel ra ^coa eisTreprreraL, 
 TrXrjcnov ocpOaXpLcov teal pivcov tcaradelvac ■ eiret he ra 
 arro-^copovvra hv^eprj, arroarpe^rat rov$ tovtcov o^e- 
 Toy? kcii aTreveytcelv, y hvvarbv rrpocrcoraTco, airo tcov 
 aiaurjcrecov • Tavra ovtco rrpovorjTitccos rrenpaypbeva arro- 
 
 pe?s rrdrepa t^? 77 <yvcofir)<; epya ecrriv ; Ov pud 7 
 
 tov Ai , e<£?7, aXX ovtco ye crKoirovpLevco rravv eoitce 
 ravra aocpov tivo? hTj/bbtovpyov /cat cpiXo^coov re^vr)- 
 lAaTL. — To he epbcpvaat p^ev epcora Trjs Te/cvorroLia*;, 
 epbcpvaai he Ta7<z yecvapLevais epcora rov e/crpecpetv, TOi? 
 he rpacpelcTL fiejiarov puev rroOov rov £r}v, f^eycarov 
 
 he cpoftov rov Oavdrov ; ApeXet teal ravra eottce 
 
 /jLTj^avr] puaai rivos t,coa elvat ftovXevaapbevov . %v he 8 
 
 cravrov ho/cels rt eppovt/xov eyetv ; Epcora yovv tcau 
 
 arrotcpivovpuat. AXXoOl he ovhapuov ovhev ouei eppove- 
 
118 xenophon's MEMORABIL. I. 4. 
 
 \aov elvai, /cat ravra ecBcos, otl yrjs T e fiiKpov fiepos 
 ev rco Gcofxari TroWrjs ovgtis e^et?, kcli vypou j3pa%v 
 7toXXou ovros real rcov aXXcov Brjirov /jueyaXcov ovrcov 
 €kci(ttov [xiKpov \xepo<$ Xafiovri, to aco/xa crvvrjpjjioarab 
 aoi ; vovv Be fiovov apa ovBafiov ovtci o~e evrv^co^ 
 7rco? So/cels dwapitaoai kcli raBe rd virepfieyeQi) koli 
 7r\r}0o<; direipa Bb acf>poavvr)v rbvd, &)? ocei, evraKrcos 
 9 eyetv ; — Md Ai • ov yap opco tol»? Kvpbovs^ cosirep 
 rcov evOaBe ycyvofievcov Toy? Biifibovpyovs. — OvBe yap 
 rrjv eavrov au ye yjfv^riv opas, y) rou aco/iaro^ KVpia 
 eorlv • oj?t€ Kara ye rovro e^earl crob Xeyebv, orb 
 
 10 ovBev yvco/jLT], aXXa rv^y iravra irpdrret^. — Kat 6 
 
 Api<TTo87]{io<; ' Ovtol, ecprj, eyco, co ^coKpares, vrrepopco 
 ro Batfioviov, a\X e/ceivo fieyaXoTrpeirearepov rjyov/iab, 
 7] oj? tt}? efjLTjS Oepaireia^ rrpo^BelcrOab. — - Ovkovv, ecftrj, 
 oaco fieyaXoirpeiTeaiepov a^tol ere Qepaireveiv, roaovrco 
 
 11 fiaXXov rbfirjreov avio ; — Ev bo~6b, ecf>rj, orb, ei vofib' 
 tpifib Oeovs avOpcoircov ri cf)povrb£etv, ovk av afieXobrjv 
 avrcov. — ' Eiretr ovk olet eppovrt^etv ; eft rrpcorov fiev 
 fiovov rcov £cocov dv6 pcoirov opOov avearrjerav • rj he 
 opOorrjS Kai irpoopdv rrXelov iroceo BvvaaOab /cab ra 
 virepOev fiaXXov OedaOat Kat r\rrov KaKOiraOelv, # o£? # 
 Kai ovfiv Kau a/corjv Kat arofia everroLrjaav ■ eireiia 
 rot? fiev aXXois epirerols rroBas eBcoKav, di to iropeu- 
 eaOai fiovov rrapeyovtrw ' avOpcoirco Be Kat %elpas 
 Trpo^eOeaav, a% id irXelara, oh evBatfiovecrrepob e/cei- 
 
 12 vcdv eafiev, e^epyd^oviai. Kai /ultjv yXcorrav ye irav- 
 tcov rcov ^cocov e^dvTcov, /xovrjv ttjv rcov avOpcoircov 
 eiTOLTicrav otav, aXXore aXXayrj tyavovcrav rod arofjua- 
 ro<$, dpOpovv re ttjv epeovrjv koi aiifxaiveLV iravra aX- 
 X,?JX.ot?, a /3ovXdfjbeda ; To Be Kat, ras rcov acppoBccncov 
 
SENOM2NT02 A. 219 
 
 rjSovas rot? jxkv ciXXols £a)ot? BovvaL irepLypayfravTa^ 
 tov erou? yjpovov, Tjfjuv Be awe^s ^XP L J^P* ? tav- 
 Ta? irapeyeLV ; Ov tolvvv /xdvov rjp/ceae to) Qecp tov 13 
 acofzaTOs 67TL/jLe\7)6r}vai, aXX , birep pLeyccrrov eari, kcu 
 ttjv^ "^vyr]v Kpariarrjv tw avOpwiroy eve<pvae * tlvo? 
 yap aXXov £d>ov ^v^7) irputTa fiev 6ewv rcov ra fie- 
 jLGTa kcu KaWiara avvTa^avTcov yaOrjTCU otl eiai ; 
 tl Be (frvXov aXXo rj avOpcoiroL 6eov<; OepairevovaL ; 
 irota Be ^rv^V t^? avOpunrLvrjs tKavcorepa it pofyvkar- 
 TeaOcu rj Xl/jlov t) S^o? rj ^jrv^V r\ OaX'rrr), r) voaoL? 
 eiriKovprjacu rj ptofirjv aaKrjaaL r\ irpos fidOrjaLV eKiro- 
 vrjaaL 7] oaa av aKOvarj rj lBtj r) /uulOr) LKavcorepa eari 
 Bia/jbe/jivrjaOaL ; Ov yap irdvv aoL /cardBrjXov, otl irapa 14 
 ra aXXa fcoa ui^irep 6eol dvOpwrroL ftLOTevovaL, cf>vaeL 
 feat ra) aco/naTL kcll rrj y^v^y KparLarevovre^ ; Ovre 
 yap /3oos av e^cov acofxa, dvOpcoirov Be yvd>\xr\v eBv- 
 var av irp/meiv a e{3ovXeTO, ovO baa ^elpas ^X €L -> 
 a(ppova B eari, irXeov ovBev ex €L ' av ^ 6 a A t( /> 0T €/C>a)i> 
 tcov irXetaTov atJLcov Tenn^^a)? ovk olet aov 6eov$ 
 eTTLfieXelaOai • aXX brav tl ttol7]uw(ji^ vopuels avTovs 
 aov cf)povTL^€LV ; — OTav 7Te/u7ra>acv, cosirep av aot 15 
 <f>y$ Trepareiv avTovs, avp,j3ovXov<;, b tl xprj Troielv 
 
 KaL pur] TTOielv. OTav Be AOrjvaioLS, e(j)7), nrvvBavo- 
 
 pLevoL? tl BLa pavTLKrjs (ppa^waiv, ov KaL aoL Bokcls 
 (ppa^eLV avTovs, ovB OTav toI^ EXXrjaL TepaTa Trefx- 
 TrovTes it poarj/xaLvwa iv, ovB OTav nrdaLV dvOpanroL^ ; 
 aXXa fxovov ae e^aipovvTe? ev dfieXeLa KaTaTiOevTaL ; 
 OceL B av tou? 6eous toIs avOpwirous Bdtjav e{icf)vaai, 16 
 ft)? lkovol eLaiv ev KaL KaKCo? iroLetv, et /jltj ovvaTOL 
 rjaav, Kai tou? avopwirovs egaTraTw/uuevov*; tov iravTa 
 Xpovov ovBe7TOT av aLa6ea6aL ; Ov-% o/oa?, ra iroXv- 
 
120 xenophon's MEMORABIL. I. 6. 
 
 XpovicoTa-ra /cat aocfxorara tcov avOpcofrlvcov, 7ro\e£9 
 fcac eOvrj, OeoaefieGTara ecni, Kai al <ppovip.coTa.Tai 
 
 17 rfXiKiai decov eir ip^eXeG tot a i ; flya6e\ ecprj, fcardfiaOe, 
 oti Kai o cro? vovs evcov to gov Gcopua, ottcos pov- 
 XeTai, pueTayeipi^eTai. OoeaOac ovv yprj kcli tt)v ev 
 iravTL cppovrjG/v ra iravTa, bircos av avrrj rjov fj, ovtco 
 TiOeG0ai, Kai pu) to gov fiev opipa BvvaoOai eirl 
 7ro\Xa araBia e%iKvelo6ai, top Be tov Beov o(p6aX/xov 
 aouvarov eivai apua iravTa opav, /jcrjoe tt)v gtjv pev 
 y]fv%r]v kcli 7T€pc tcov evOaBe Kai irepl tcov ev AlyvirTco 
 km ev XiKeXiq hvvaaOat cppovTic^eiv, Tr\v Be tov 6eov 
 (fipovqcTLV fJLT] Ifcavrjv eivcxi apa ttuvtcov eiripLeXelGOai. 
 
 18 * Hv fxevTOij cosirep avOpcoirovs Oepairevcov yiyvcoGKeis 
 tow? avTiOepaireveiv eOeXovTas kcu yapi^opuevo^ toi»<? 
 avTiyapiC/opuevovs Kai Gvp,{3ovXevop,evo<; KaTapiavOdveis 
 TOf? cppovipovs, ovtco Kau tcov Oecov irelpav Xap/3avr)<; 
 Oepairevcov, el tc goi OeXijGovGi nrepi tcov aBifkcov 
 avOpcoTTois GVfi/3ovXevecv, yvcoGj] to Oeiov oti togov- 
 
 TOV Kai TOIOVTOV €GTLV, 00?C7 apa TTaVTCl OpCLV KCU 
 
 TravTa cxKovetv Kai iravTayov irapelvai Kau apua ttclvtcov 
 
 19 e7rL/jLeXeiG0ai avTov<;. 'Epuol puev TavTa Xeycov ov 
 fiovov tovs GvvovTas eBoKei iroielv, oVoTe vito tcov 
 avOpcoircov opcovTo, aireyeGOai tcov avoGicov Te kol 
 aBiKcov kcli aiGyjpcov, aXXa, Kai oiroTe ev epypiq etev, 
 eireiirep 7]yrjGaivTO pirjBev civ TTOTe cbv irpaTTOiev deovs 
 SiaXaOeiv. 
 
 BOOK I. Ch. 6. 
 
 A^iov B avTOv Kau a 7rpo? AvTicpcovTa tov Gocfri- 
 gttjv BieXeyOr] purj irapaXiTrelv ■ 6 yap 'AvTicpcov iroTe 
 
EEN0$QNT02 A. 121 
 
 ftovXofievos TOf? avvovataards avrov irapeXeaOat 
 irpo^eXOcov tw XwKpdret Trapovrcov avrcov eXe^e raBe • 
 3 fl ^cDfcpares, eyco fiev ojfirjv tovs <fiiXoGO(j)ovvTa$ ev- 2 
 Sai/LLOvecTTepovs ypTjvat ytyveaOat, av Be fiot BoKet? 
 rdvavrta t?5? (f)tXoao(f)ia$ airoXeXavKevat • £?}? yovv ob- 
 Tft)?, o>? ovB' av eh BovXo? virb BeaTTOTrj BiatTcofievog 
 fielvete, atria re atrrj koi rrora Trivets ra <f>avXorara 
 tcai Ifidrtov r)fi(f)ieaat ov fiovov (pavXov, aXXa ro avro 
 Oepovs re Kal ^etfiwvos, avviroBrfTOS re /cat aytrwv 
 BiareXels. Kal fir)v %pr]fjLard ye ov Xafiftavets, a Kat 3 
 KTCQfievovs ev<f>patvet Kal KeKrijfievovs eXevOeptwrepov 
 re Kat r)Btov irotel %t)v. Et ovv, cbSTrep Kat ra)v aXXcov 
 epycov oi BtBaaKaXot row? fiaOrjras fitfirjra? eavrcov 
 aTroBeiKvvovatv, ovrco Kal av tou? avvovras Biaorjaeis, 
 vofit^e KaKoSat/jbovias BtBaaKaXos elvat. Kat o 2,(0- 4 
 Kpdrr)<$ Trpos ravra elire • AoKels fiot, ecftrj, co Avrt- 
 <f)C0V, vTretXrjcfie'vat fie ovtcos avtapax; %fjv, co?T6 Treireta- 
 fiat ae fiaXXov diroQavelv av ekeadat rj %rjv cosirep 
 eyco. I6t ovv eTriaKeyjrcj/jLeOa, to ^aXeirbv rjaOrjaat 
 rovfiov /3tov. Uorepov, ort rots fiev XafijSdvovatv 5 
 apyvptov avayKalov eartv airepyd^eadat rovro, ecj) co 
 av fitaOov Xafifidvcoatv, efiol Be fir) XapufBdvovrt ovk 
 avayKJ] BtaXeyeaOat, co av fir) fiovXcofiat ; r) rr)v 
 Biatrav fiov <j)avXt%ei<; co? r)rrov fiev vytetva eadtov- 
 to? efiov 7] crov, r)rrov Be tayyv rrape^ovra ; rj co? 
 'yaXeircorepa iropiaaaOat ra e/uua Btatrr]fiara rcov acav 
 Bta to GTravtcorepd re koI TToXvreXeo-repa elvat ; rj co? 
 rjBtco Got a av TrapaaKevd^rj ovra r) efiot a eyco ; 
 vk otau , ort o fiev rfitara eaotcov rjKtara oyov 
 BetTai, 6 Be rjBtaTa ttivcov rjKtara tov fir) irapovros 
 €Tri0vfiei ttotov ; Ta ye p/r\v tfidrta olad ort ot 6 
 
122 xenophon's MEMORABIL. I. 6. 
 
 fJL6Ta(3aXkojjL€voi -^rv^ovs kcli OaXirov^ hveica, pbeTaftaX' 
 \ovtcll KOt uiroBrjfjLara viroBovvTai, birco? pur] Bid ra 
 XvirovvTa tovs iroBa? KcoXvcovTai iropeveaOai * tjBtj 
 ovv 7TOT6 yaOov e/ie rj Bia Tfrv^os pidXXov tov evBov 
 fxlvovra rj Bid OaXiros piayopLevdv too irepl gkicls r) 
 Bid to aXyeiv tovs 7roBa<; ov jf3aBi^ovTa, brrov av jBov- 
 
 7 Xcofiai ; Ovk olaO , oti 01 <pvaei aaOeveaTaToi rco 
 (Tio/jLart fAeXeTTjcrcivTes tcov ta^vporarcov apLeXrjcrdvTcov 
 /cpeiTTovs re yiyvovTai irpos av pueXeTooai icai paov 
 avTOL (pepovaiv ; Epe Be apa ovk oiei too acopiaTi 
 aei ra ovvTvyyjwovTa pieXeTcovTa Kaprepelv iravra paov 
 
 8 (pepeiv gov fir] fieXercovTos ; Tov Be pur) BovXeveiv 
 jaarpl pujBe virvop /ecu Xayveia oiei ti aXXo acrico- 
 repov elvai rj to eTepa eyeiv tovtcov tjBico, a ov pid- 
 vov ev %peia ovtcl evcfipalvei, aXXa teal eXiriBa? irap- 
 e^ovTa co(j)€Xr]a€tv aei ; Kai purjv tovto ye ouaOa, 
 oti ol p,ev oidpuevoi prjBev ev irpaTTeiv ovk ev<fcpai- 
 vovTai, ol Be r/yovpuevoi koXgos irpoycopelv eavToi? rj 
 yecopyiav rj vavicXr)piav rj aXX b tl av Tvyyavooaiv 
 
 9 epya^dpevoi &)? ev trpaTTovTe? evcf)paivovTai. Oiei 
 ovv airo ttovtcov tovtcov ToaavTrjv ifiovrjv eivai, bcrrjv 
 diro tov eavTov T€ 7]yela6ai f3eXTioo yiyveaQai koli 
 <f>iXovs apueivov? KTaaOai ; Eyco tolvvv BiaTeXco Tama 
 vopui^cov. Eav Be Br) cpiXovs rj ttoXiv cocfreXelv Bey, 
 iroTepco r) irXeicov a^oXr) tovtcov eiripLeXelaOai, t&>, cos 
 eyco vvv, r\ tw, co<; av pLaKapi^ets, BiaiTcopievop ; aTpa- 
 TevoiTO Be TroWepos av paov, 6 pur] Bwapuevos avev 
 iroXvTeXovs BiaiTTjS %rjv, r/ a) to irapov apicoirj ; eK- 
 7roXiopK7)6ecy Be iroTepos av Oclttov, 6 toov %aXeiroo- 
 tutcov evpelv Beopuevos, rj 6 rot? pao~TOL<; evTvyyaveiv 
 
 io apKOWTcos %pcop,evo<; ; EoiKas, co AvtlcJicov, ttjv ev- 
 
EEN0$GNT02 A. 123 
 
 Bai/ioviav oiofievw Tpvcprjv kclL iro\vTe\eiav elvai ■ eyu> 
 Be vo/jli^cd to fiev fA7]Bevo<$ BeeaOai Oeiov elvai, to B 
 &>? eka^larcov eyyvTaToo tov Oeiov • Kai to fjuev delov 
 tcpciTio-Tov, to Be eyyvrdrco rod Oeiov eyyvrdra) tov 
 
 KpaTLCTTOV. 
 
 UaXiv he nrore 6 Avtk^wv BiaXeyo/mevo? tu> 5o)- n 
 Kparei eiirev ■ J2 Zw/cpaTes, eyco tol o~e fiev oikcliov 
 
 VOJULL^CO, 0~0(f)OV Be OvB ' OTTCOSTLOVV. AoKei? Be /U>t KGtt 
 
 aim)? touto yiyvwaKeiv ■ ovoeva yow rrjs cvvovaias 
 apyvpiov 7Tpdrr7j • kciltol to' ye IfiaTiov rj ttjv otKiav 
 rj aWo tl o)V /ceKrrjaac vojil^cov apyvpiov d^iov elvai 
 ovBevi av firj otl nrpolica 80/7;?, aXX ouS ekauov rr}? 
 ajfias Xaficov. Arfkov Btj bri, ei Kai ttjv avvovcrlav 12 
 coov rivos agiav eivai, /cat, ravrr]? av ovk eXarrov 
 t»7? agca? apyvpiov eirpdrrov. A'iKaio<$ fxev ovv av 
 eiTjs, otl ovk e^airaia^ eiri TrXeove^la, o~o<fio<; Be ovk 
 av, fiTjBevo? ye d^ia eiriaTajievo^. 'O Be 2cDKpaTi]<; 13 
 irpos ravra eiirev • 11 Avrtcpcov, Trap rjjiiv vofic^erat 
 rr]v copav Kai rrjv crocpiav o/ulolcos jiev koXov, o/llolco? 
 Be alo"Xpov BiaTl0eo~6ai • rr\v re yap copav eav fiev 
 Tt? apyvpiov TrcoXy rap ftovXofieva), iropvov avrov airo- 
 KaXovGiv, eav Be tj?, bv av yvQ> koXov re KayaOov 
 epaaTTjv ovra, tovtov <f)l\ov eavrao iroirjTai, acoeppova 
 vofii^o/iev ' Kat rrjv cofyiav wsavTO)? TOf? fxev apyv- 
 piov To) /3ovXo/ubevcp TrcoXovvras aocJiiaTas oo<iTTep irop- 
 vov<; diroKa\ovGiVy ostis Be, bv av yva> evefrva bvra, 
 BiBacrKcov b Tl av eyjr) aya6ov, cj)i\ov TTOirjrai, tovtov 
 vofil^ofxev, a tu> Ka\(p KayaOco ttoXitt) irpo^rfKei, TavTa 
 iroieiv. Eyco B ovv Kai avTos, co AvTifywv, cosirep 14 
 ak\o<; Ti? rj lirircp ayaOo? rj kvvc r\ bpviOi rjBeTai, 
 ovtcq Kai eTi fiaWov 7]Bofiai (f>i\ois ayadol? • Kai eav 
 
124 xenophon's memorabil. II. 1. 
 
 tl o-yu> ayaOov, BcBaaKco teat clXXols o-vvictttj/il, Trap 
 o)V av r/ycDfAcu oxpeXrjaeaOao tl avTOvs et? aperrjv, 
 Kac TOf? Orjcravpovs rcov nrakai aocpwv avBpcov, obs 
 eiceivoi KCLTekiTrov ev /3l/3Xlol<; ypatyavres, aveXcrrcov 
 Koivy aw tch? <j>i\ot,$ Biepyopai /cat, av rt opcopev 
 ayaOoV) etcXeyop,e6a Kac peya vopitppev tcepBos, eav 
 aXXifXois (f>tXoc ycyvwpueOa. E/jLoI puev Br) ravra clkov- 
 ovtl eBo/cei avros re pLarcapios elvai Kai tovs a/covov- 
 ra? eTrl KaXo/cayaOoav ayetv. 
 
 is Kal iraXiv irore rov Avruficovros epopevov avrov, 
 ttco? aXXov? pbev rjyeirai ttoXltlkov^ Trocelv, avros Be 
 ov irpcLTTeu ra TroXiTiKa, euirep eiTLGTarai • Uorepws 
 B av, €<p7j, co AvTtcpcov, paXXov ra nroXntKa irpdr- 
 Toi/ju, €L fiovos avra irpaTToipbt,, r; ei eTnpeXoiprjv tov 
 
 r I t \ ? f •> r 
 
 co? ttX€lcttovs iicavovs eivai Trparreiv avra ; 
 
 BOOK II. Ch. 1 
 
 20 En Be al pbev paBiovpyiai Kal eic rov Trapa^prjpa 
 rjBovai ovre <ru)pa7t, eve^iav Itcaval eiaiv evepya£,eo~6ai, 
 co? <fia<T(,v oi yvpvaarac^ ovre ^v^f} en Lcm^prjv a^io- 
 Xoyov ovBepuav epiroLOvacv ■ al Be Bia fcaprepia? eiri- 
 peXetat rwv fcaXcov re KayaOwv epycov e^LKvelaOai 
 Troiovaiv, co? §aaiv ol dyaOol avBpes • Xeyec Be irov 
 Kat Ho-wBos • 
 
 Trjv fiev yap KaKorrjra Kal iXabov ecrriv ekecrdat 
 'Prj'ibicos • \eir) pev 686s, fxaXa §' eyyvdi vaiei. 
 Trjs §' dpeTrjs I8pa>ra 6eo\ Trpcnrapoidev WrjKav 
 'Addvaroi • paKpus Se kcu opdios oipos es avrfjv 
 
SEN0$QNT02 B. 125 
 
 Kai rprjxvs to npcorov • €7117^ S' eh aKpov iKrjTat, 
 'P^i'St'jy drj erreira neXei, x.a\eTrr] 7re P eovcra. 
 
 Maprvpel he Kai JZiriyapyuOs ev ra>he ■ 
 
 Tcov 7t6v(dv 7ra)\ovo~iv rjpiv Txavra rayad' ol Beoi. 
 
 Kai ev flUw he tottw (frrjcriv • 
 
 9 i2 7rovr)pe, prj to. paXana /xcoeo, prt ra cricKrjp' e'xys- 
 
 Kai IIpohiKO? he 6 aocpos ev tw avyypa/jb/jiaTi rat 21 
 irepl rov 'HparcXeovs, oirep hr) Kai irXeio-roi^ ernheiK- 
 vvrai, wsavrcos nrepi T17? aperrjs airofyaiverai 6)he 
 7ra>? Xeycov, ocra eyco pbepuvrj^ai • (firjal yap 'HparcXea, 
 eirel etc Traihwv et? rjffrjv oyp/xaro, ev rj 01 veoi rjhrj 
 avrofcparopes yiyvofievoi hr)Xoucriv, elre rr)v hi aperrj$ 
 ohov rpe\jrovTat em rov fiiov eire ttjv hta KaKias, e£eX- 
 Oovra eis r t Gvyiav KadrjcrOai airopovvra, oirorepav 
 rcov ohcov rpaTrrjrai • Kai (f>avr)vai avra> hvo yvvaiKa^ 22 
 irpo'Cevat fieyaXas, ttjv fiev eiepav evirpeirr) re iheiv 
 Kai eXevOepiov, (f>vaei KeKOo-prjfievrjv to fiev uwfxa 
 KadapoTrjTL, ra, he bfifiara aihoi, to he o-yjqfia aoxppo- 
 avvr), eaOr)Ti he XevKy ' ttjv h erepav reOpafifievrjV 
 fiev et? TToXvaapKiav Te Kai diraXorrjra, KeKaXXco- 
 mapevrjv be to fiev ^pcofia, cosre XevKOTepav Te Kai 
 epvOporepav rov bvros hoKelv cpaiveaOai, to he Gyr\fia, 
 w?T6 hoKelv opOorepav ttJ? (pvcreco^ elvai, ra he ofifiara 
 €%eiv av air err r a fiev a, ecr6rjra he, et; 17? av fiaXiorra 
 copa hiaXafnroi, KaraaKoirelaOai he Oafia eavrjpv, eiri- 
 o-Konrelv he Kai, el tj? aXXos avrr)v Oearai, 7roXXaKi$ 
 he Kai eis ttjv eavrrjs ctkiclv airo(3Xeireiv. 'il? 6° eye-zz 
 vovto TrXrjaiaiTepov rov 'HpaKXeovs, rr)v fiev irpoaOev 
 prjOeicrav levai rov avTov rporrov, ttjv h erepav <j)6ao~ai 
 /3ouXo/jiev7jv irpo^hpafielv tw 'HpaKXei /col eiirelv ■ 'Opco 
 
126 xenophon's memorabil. II. 1. 
 
 ere, (o £ipaKA6i<;, aTTopovvra, iroiav ooov eiri rov ptov 
 rpaiTT) • eav ovv e/xe cfuXrjv TroirjcrapLevoSy eir\ tj)v 
 ijhtarrjv re kcli pacrrrjv 6Bov a^co ere, tcai tcov puev 
 Tepirvcov ovBevos ayevo~TO<$ ear], tcov Be ^aXeircov airei- 
 
 24 pos Btafticocrr). Tlpcorov puev 'yap ov iroXepcov ovBe 
 irpaypaTcov cppovriecs, aXXa GKOirovpLevos Biear), rl av 
 iceyapiG fjuevov rj ctltcov r\ ttotov eupot?, r) re av tScov 
 tj to aKovcras T€pcp0ei7]$ rj tovcov oereppaovopevo^ rj 
 diTTOfievo^ 7]<r6€ir]<;, tool Be irat.BiKols opuXcov puaXocrT 
 av evcppavOeorjs, /cat 7tg)<? av puaXaKcoTaTa KaOevBoos, 
 kcu 77-0)9 av airovcoTara toutcov Travrcov Tvyyavoos. 
 
 25 Eav Be 7T0T6 yevijrao Tt? vrro^oa cnrcivecos acf) cov 
 earao Tavra, ov (/>o/3o?, pur] ere ayayco eiro to nrovovvTa 
 Kai TaXaarcopovvTa tco acopuaro /col ttj tyvyr) Tavra 
 iropi^eo-Oai, aXX* ot? av oi aXXoo epya^covrao, tovtoos 
 av xprjaT), ovBevo<; aire^opevo^, oOev av Bvvarov y ti 
 KepBavao • iravTaypQev yap cocpeXelaOao toos e/j,ol £vv- 
 
 26 ovaov e^ovaoav eycoye irape^co. Kao 6 HpafcXrjs 
 afcovcras Tavra • ' fl yvvac, ecpr], ovopa Be croc re eo-Tiv ; 
 *H Be ■ Ol poev epoot cpiXoi, ecprj, KaXovao pie EvBao- 
 poovoav, ol he puaovvTes poe vnoKopo^opevoo ovopoa^ovao 
 
 27 pie Ka/eiav. Kai ev tovtco rj erepa yvvr) irposeXOovaa 
 elrre • Kai eyco tjkco irpos ere, cb HparcXeis, eoBvoa 
 tovs yevvT\o~avTa$ ere /cat, ttjv cpvaov T?)y arjv ev ttj 
 iraiBela KaTapoaOovaa • e£ chv eXm^co, eo ttjv irpos epbe 
 6Bov Tpairoio, crcfroBp av ere tcov icaXcov Kai aepivcov 
 epyaT7]v ayaOov yevecrOai^ Kai epe ctl ttoXv evTtpore- 
 pav Kai eir aya0ol$ BtaTTpeirecrTepav cpavrjvai • ovk 
 6%aTTaT7]CTco Be ere TrpooipbtoLS rjBovrj^, aXX , f]Trep oi 
 Qeoi BieOecrav, ta ovra Birjyrjcropai per aXrjOeias. 
 
 28 Tcov yap ovtcov ayaOcov Kai, koXcov ovBev avev ttovov 
 
EEN0<f>QNT02 B. 127 
 
 teat eTrt/jbeXeias Oeoi BiBoaacv av6pu>rroL<$ ■ aXX eire 
 tovs 6eov<$ IXeax; elvai <jgl fiovXec, Oepairevreov tou? 
 6eov ? • etre virb <f>t\(oi> eOeXet? dyairaadai, rovs cjuXov? 
 evepyerr]reov • ecre u7ro rivos rroXews e7TL0ufxe2<i nfia- 
 a6ac, rr)v rroXiv GxfreXrjreov • elre vrro rrjs *EXXdBo<? 
 rrdarjs agioh €ir apery Oav/jbd^eadaL, ri}P 'EXXaBa 
 rretpareov ev rroielv • eore yr\v ftovXei, croc Kaprrovs 
 acpOovovs (frepecv, rr\v yrjv Oepairevreov • eore arro j3o- 
 (TKrjfiaTwv ouet Belv rrXovrc^eaOao, rwv ^ocncrjfjLarcov 
 €7ri/jL€Xr)Teov ' eore Bia rroXe/iov op/jba? av^eoSat /cat 
 ffovXet BvvaaOau tovs re (J)lXov$ eXevOepovv Kai tow? 
 e%9pov<? ^ecpovoSai, ras TroXefMfcas re%va<? auras re 
 rrapa rayv eirtara/jLevcov pbadrjreov Kai 07ro)9 avracs Bel 
 XprjaOac acncrjreov ■ eo Be /cat rco o-co/xart (3ovXei Bv- 
 varos eivac, ry yvco/jurj vrrr\pereiv eOcareov ro aafia 
 Kai yvfivaareov aw rrovois icai iBpwri. Kao rj Katcia 29 
 V7roXa{3ovaa eiirev, <«9 (frrjat, [IpoBtKOS • 'Evvoels, &> 
 Hpa/cXecs, <W9 xaXerrrjv Kai /jua/cpav 6Bhi> eirl tu9 ev- 
 <f>poauva<$ rj yvvrj aoc avrrj Birjyelrac ; eyco Be paBiav 
 Kao fipayeiav qBov em rr\v evBatfiovvav d£oo oe. Kau 30 
 r) Aperrj elirev • ' fl rXfj/bLov, re Be av ayaOov e^eis ; 
 7] re rjBv oiaOa, firjSev rovrcov eveica rrpdrreiv eOe- 
 Xovcra ; r)ri<; ovBe rrjv rwv r)8ea)V eiriOvfitav avafievec?, 
 aXXa rrptv eirtdv/jtrjaat rrdvrcov epLirtirXaaat, rrptv fjtev 
 Tretvrjv eaOtovaa, rrptv Be Bt-^rrjV rrtvovaa, tcai iva /xev 
 ?yoeo)9 (fiayrjs, o^rorrotovs /jbrj^avcofievrj, iva Be rjBecos 
 TTLvrjs, olvovs re rroXureXels rrapacncevdtyi /cal rou 
 Oepovs yiova rrepiOeovaa fyrels • \va Be KaOvTrvcocrrj^ 
 rj8eo)$\ ov fxovov ra<; arpcofxvas (JLaXaicds, aXXa Kai rd<$ 
 KXtvas Kai ra vTrdfiaOpa rats fcXcvais rrapaaKevd^r) • 
 ov yap Bia ro 7rovelv, aXXa Bia ro firjBev e^etv, 6 re 
 
128 xenophon's MEMOKABIL. II. 1. 
 
 TroLrjs^ virvov einOvfiel^ ' ra Be a<f)poBiGia irpo tov 
 SteaOai avayica^eis, iravra /jurj^avcofjuevr}, teal yvvaiQ, 
 icai, avBpaGi ^pcofievT] • ovtco yap TraiBevets rovs eav- 
 t^5? <f)iXov<;, t?;? fiev vvktos vftpl^ovaa, ttjs B rjfxepa^ 
 
 31 to xpTjaijAayraTov Kara/coi/jLi^ovaa. AOdvaros Be ovaa 
 etc Oecov (Jbev aireppfxjrai,, viro Be avOpcoircov ayaOcov 
 drt/jid^T) ' tov Be iravTCOv tjBlgtov aicovGjxaTQs, eiratvov 
 eavTrjS^ avrjfcoos el icai tov iravTcov t)Blgtov SedfJbaTos 
 aOearo? • ovBev yap 7ro)7TOTe aeavrr}^ epyov icaXbv 
 reOeaorai. Tis B av gov XeyovGrj rt nriarevaeie ; t/? 
 B av SeofievT) twos eirapneGeiev ; r) ris av ev eppo- 
 vcov tov o~ov OtaGov ToXpaqGeiev elvai ; du veoi fjuev 
 bvTe<? to2$ GWjJiaGiv ahvvaroi eiGt, irpeG^vTepoi Be 
 yevofievoi Tal<$ ^rv^als avor)Toi, dirovco^ ptev Xnrapol 
 Bia veoT7)TO<; Tpe^ofxevoi, eTwrovws Be av^fiypot, Bia 
 yrjpco? wepcovTes, tqi$ fiev weir pay nevoid aiGyyvop,evoi, 
 toI<$ Be TrpaTTOfjuevois fBapwofxevoi^ Ta ptev rjBea ev 
 rr) veoT7)Ti BiaBpap,ovT€<;, Ta Be j^aXeira et? to yrjpas 
 
 32 airoOepevoL. Eyco Be Gvvei/M puev Oeols, GvveifiL Be 
 avOpcoirois toi$ ayaOols • epyov Be KaXov ovre Oelov 
 ovTe avOpcoirivov %&>/^<? ejiov yiyveTai • Tifxcopbai, Be 
 fxaXiGTa iravTwv nai irapa ueois fcac nrapa avupcoTrois, 
 ot? irposiqtcei, ayairr\T7} fiev Gvvepyos TeyyiTavs, ttigti) 
 Be <f>vXa% oifccov BeGTroTais, evp,evr)<; Be TrapaGTans 
 oi/ceTais, ayaOi} Be GvXXrjTTTpia tcov ev eipr\vr] ttovcov, 
 j3e{3aia Be tcov ev TroXepLco Gvptfia^o^ epycov, apiGTi) 
 
 33 Be (piXias fcoivcovds. ' Egtl Be toI? puev epLoi? cfriXois 
 rjBela /jbev /ecu dirpay/JLCtiV gitcov fcai ttotcdv airoXavGts * 
 aveypvTai yap, e&>? av €7ri6vp,j]GC0Giv avTcov. Tttvos 
 
 avTOis irapeGTiv rjbicov it) too? afio^uois, tcai ovre 
 airoXelirovTe^ avTov dyQovTai ovTe Bia tovtov p,e6iaGh 
 
EEN0$QNT02 A. 129 
 
 ra Beovra irpaueiv. Kal ol /xev veoi tols twv Trpea- 
 fivrepcov eircuvois yatpovaiv, ol Be yepanepoi rat? TQiV 
 vecov tl/jlcus ayaWovrai • /cat TjBecos fiev rwv irakaiwv 
 7rpa%6(ov pL€fJLvr)VTai, eu Be ras irapovaas rjBovrat nrpar- 
 Tovres, Bi e/jL€ (poXoo p,ev Oeols ovres, ayanrr\Tol Be 
 <j>i\ot$ t TL/Jbioi Be Trarpio-LV • brav 8' e\07] to Treirpto- 
 jmevov re\os, ov fiera Xrfir)<; citi/jlol Kelvrai, aXXa jjuera 
 fjLVT)/jL7)<$ rov aei ypovov vpLVOvpuevoi OaXXovcri. Toiavra 
 crot, c5 iral TOfcewv dyaOcov Hpa/cXecs, e^eart BiaTrovrj- 
 cra/jLevq) rrjv /jLatcapL(TTOTaT7)V evBaijxoviav KefC7r}cr6ai. 
 
 OvTCO 7Tto? BiOOKet II poSlKOS T7]V V7T ' ApeTTjS ^UpCL- 34 
 
 fcXeovs iratBevcnv, efcoo-firjcre fievrot, ra? yvwfia^ en 
 fxeyaXeLorepois prj/jiacnv rj eyco vvv. *%ol B ovv a^iov, 
 d) AptcrrLinre, rovrcov evOvfiov/jLeva) ireLpaaOat ti /cat 
 T(Ou C6? tov [xeXXovra ypovov tov ficov (frpovTi^etv. 
 
 BOOK IV. Ch. 2, 
 
 Tot? Be vofii'CpvGi iraiBeias Te Trjs aptcm]? TeTvyr)- l 
 Kevai real /neya (f)povovacv eiri aocj)La go? irposefapeTO, 
 vvv Sirjyrio-ofiat. KarajxaOwv yap EvOvBr/fjuov rov kcl- 
 Xov ypafifxara iroWa crvveCXeyjievov ttoltjtcov re /cat, 
 ao<pLO-rcov twv evBoKijucorarcov kcli etc tovtcov rjBr) re 
 vojUi^ovra Biafyepetv twv rjXiKLWTOiv eiri aocf)ia Kal 
 fieyaXas eXTuBas eyovra iravrcov BtoLcreLv ra> BvvaaOat 
 Xeyeiv re Kal irpaneiv, irpwrov fiev aio~0avofi€vo<; av- 
 tov Bia veorrjra oinrco et? tt\v ayopav ewiovra, el Be 
 ti /3ovXolto Biam pa^aaQai, KaOi^ovra et? i]VLOiroielov 
 ti tcov eyyu? tt;? ayopas, eis tovto Kai avros fjei 
 tcov pueO eavTov tivos eywv. Kal irpwrov pXv ttvv- 2 
 
 10 
 
130 xenophon's MEMORABIL. IV. 2. 
 
 6aVOfJL€VOV TtZ/O?, TTOrepOV OefJLlGTOfcXTJS BiCb (JVVOVGiaV 
 
 twos twv <ro(f)(t)v 7] <f)vaet toctovtov Sirjvey/ce twv tto- 
 Xltcov, ft)?T6 7rpo? efceivov airoBXeireiv rrjv ttoXlv, oirore 
 (TirovhaLov av$po$ SerjOeir), 6 %G)KpaTr)$ ^ovKofxevo^ 
 Kivelv tov EvOvBtj/jlov evijdes €(j)r) elvau to oieaOai 
 ra? fiev oXiyov a£ia<; Te%va$ firj yuy veaOai airovBai- 
 of? avev BiBao~KaXcov iicavwv, to Be irpoearavai tto- 
 Ae&>?, irdvrwv epycov pueyiaTOV bv s otto ravTOfidrov 
 
 3 irapaycyvecrOai Tot? avOpwirois. TlaXiv Be irore 7ra- 
 povros tov EvOvSrj/iiov, opcov avTOV airoywpovvTa ttjs 
 avveBpia? teal (pvXaTTo/uevov, /jltj Bo^rj tov Xcoicpcnriv 
 OavjJLa^etv eirh o~o(j)ta • f Otl /lev, e(f>7], a> avBpes, Ev- 
 6u8r}/jLos ovtoctI ev rjXiKiq yevo/juevos, ttjs iroXecos Xoyov 
 irepi tivos 7rpoTL6eio-r]<;, ov/c acfie^eTai tov avpL(3ovXev- 
 eiv, evBrjXov ecrTiv ef wv eiriTrjBevei • Bo/cel Be fioc 
 fcaXov TTpooi\iiov twv hrjfjLriyopLwv irapaaKevaaacrOai 
 fyvXaTTOjjLevos, /jlt] Bo^rj /juavdaveiv ti irapd tov • BrjXov 
 
 4 yap, otl Xeyeiv ap^ofievos wBe 77 poo ipnaa €tcli • * Tlap 
 ovBevos JJL6V 7ra)7TOTe, a) avSpes A0r)va7oi, ovBev €fia- 
 Oov ovB (ikovcov tlvcls eivai Xeyeiv T€ teat irpaTTeiv 
 i/cavovs 6^rjT7]aa tovtols evTvyeiv ovB eTrefJLeXrjOrjv tov 
 BtSao-fcaXov fiol Tiva yeveorOai twv eTricrrafxevoov, aXXa 
 teat TavavTLCb ' BiaTeTeXe/ca yap (f)€vycov ov flOVOV TO 
 fiavOaveiv Ti irapd tivos, aXXa icai to Bo^ai • ofJLCos 
 Be b tl av arro TavTopuaTOV eirir) /mot avfifiovXevcrco 
 
 5 vfuv." Appboaeie 8 av ovtco irpooipbia^ecrOai Kai toIs 
 0ovXofjbevoL$ irapd Trjs 7ro\e&)? laTpiKov epyov Xafieuv • 
 eTTLTrjSeiov y av avTocs elrj tov Xoyov dpyecrQai ev- 
 TevOev u Tlap ovBevos puev 7T(07Tot€, co dvBpes A6r]~ 
 valoi, T7}V laTpiKjjv Te^vrjv e/maOov ovS' e^rjTTjcra BiBaaica- 
 Xov €fjbavTu> yeveaOat twv iaTpwv ovBeva • BtaTeTeXe/ca 
 
EENOSQNTOS A. \%\ 
 
 yap <f)vXarro{ievo<; ov fiovov to fxaOelv ri irapa rcov 
 carpcov, aXXci icai to So^at, fjLefia6?j/cevat rrjv re^vijv 
 ravrrjv • o/xco? Se /lot ro tarpiKOV epyov Sore • iretpd- 
 GOfiai yap ev vplv diro/ccvSwevcov fiavddveiv." Havre? 
 ow o/, irapovre? eyeXacrav em ra> irpooifiMp. xLiret 6 
 £e (j)avepo<; rjv 6 EvOvStj/jlos rjSr} fiev ot? 6 Scofcparrjs 
 Xeyou irpo^e^cov, ert Se cjzvXarro/JLevos avros ji cf>0ey- 
 yeaOai teal vo/jufov rrj o~i(oirr) o~co(f)pocrvv?]<; ho^av 
 7repi/3aXXea0at,, rore 6 %(Dfcpdrr)$ /3ovXo/jL€vo<; avrov 
 iravaao rovrov • Qavfiaarov yap, ecj)7j, re irore ol 
 fiovXofievoi KiOapt^eiv rj avXelv rj unireveiv rj aXXo il 
 tcov roiovrwv iicavoi yevecruai irecpcovraL o>? crvve^e- 
 arara iroielv o tl av /3ovXcovraL Bvvarol yeveaOaL 
 «m of /eac/ eavrovs, aXXa irapa Tot? apiarois oo/cov- 
 env elvai, irdvra iroiovvre? koI virofievovres eve/ca rov 
 fJLrjhev avev rrjs eneivwv yvwpurj? iroielv, &)? ov/c av 
 aXXcos a^ioXoyoi yevopievoi • rwv Be /SovXo/bievcov Svva- 
 rwv yeveaOaL Xeyeiv re icai irparreiv ra iroXirifca 
 vo/jLl^ovgi, rives avev irapaaKevrjs feat, eiripbeXeias avro- 
 /xaroL e^at(f)V7]<; ovvaroi ravra iroielv eaeaOai. KairoL 7 
 ye joaovrcp ravra e/ceevcov ovstcarepyacrrorepa (paiverai, 
 6o~w irep irXeiovaiv irepi ravra irpayfiarevo/jbevcov eXar- 
 tou<? ol rcarepya^ofievoi yiyvovrai • SrjXov ovv, on teat 
 eirLfxeXetas Seovrai irXecovos kol ta^yporepa? ol rovrcov 
 e(f>i€/jievoi rj ol efceivcov. Kar apya? /nev ovv^ aicov- 8 
 ovros Ev6vorj/jLov, roiovrovs Xoyovs eXeye XwKparrj? • 
 ft)? o yadero avrov eroi/jborepov virofievovra, ore 8ia- 
 Xeyocro, teal irpoOvfiorepov aKOvovra, pbovos rfxOev et? 
 to TjvLoiroielov * irapa/caOe^o/mei'ov 8 avra> rov EvOv- 
 Srjfjiov * Etire fioi, ecfyr), o) EvOvBrj/jue, ra> ovri, cosirep 
 eyco atcovco, iroXXa ypa/n/jiara avvrj^a? rcov Xeyo/juevcov 
 
132 xenophon's MEMORABIL. IV. 2. 
 
 aocpcov avBptov yey ovevai ; Nrj rov At , ecprj, co XwKpa- 
 T6? • zeal en ye avvayco, e&)? av Kryacofiai o>? av 
 
 9 Bvvco/xai irXelcna. Ny rr)V Hpav, ecpy 6 XwKpaTTjs, 
 ayafjiai ye gov, diori ovk apyvpiov kcli %pvGbov irpo- 
 eiXov 07]cravpov<; fcetcrrjcrOai, fiaXXov r) Gotplas • BrjXov 
 yap, on vofu£et,<; apyvpiov kcli y^pvGiov ovBev /3eX- 
 
 TIOVS 7T0161V TOV? avOplOTTOVS, Ttt? Be TCOV GO(f>Q)V 
 
 avBpcov yvw/uias apejfj irXovTi^eiv rovs KeKTrjpuevovs. 
 Kat 6 EvOvBtj/jlos eyaipev a/covcov ravra, vopii^cov 
 
 10 BoKelv rco XcoKparei op6w<; pierievat rrjv oofyiav. 'O 
 Be KarafiaOcov avrov ?]aOevra rco eiraivto tovtco • Tc 
 Be Br) fiovkcfAevos ayaOos yeveaOai, ecprj, co Ev6vBr)p,e, 
 GvXXeyei,? ra ypapb/jbara ; Ewel Be BieGicoiT7]Gev 6 
 
 Ev6vBt)/jLO<Z GKOTTCOV, 6 TL aiTOKplVaVTO, TTaXtV 6 %CO~ 
 
 Kparrjs • 'A pa fir) larpos ; ecf)7) • 7roXXa yap koI 
 tarpcov ecu GvyypapLfiaja. Kat 6 EvOvBrjpLos • Ma 
 At\ e<j)7), ovk eycoye. — AXXa pur] ap^treKTov ftovXet 
 yeveo~0at ; yvco julovikov yap avBpos icai tovto Bet. — 
 Ovkovv eycoy , kefir). — AXXa fir) yecoperpr)^ eirtOvpiels, 
 €(£>?}, yeveaOah ayaOos, cosirep 6 QeoBcopos ; — OvBe 
 ye(0/jLerp7]<;, ecfirj. — AXXa fir] aajpoXoyo^, ecfiy, fiovXet 
 yevecOai ; f /2? he tcai tovto r/pveiro • AXXa pn) 
 patycpBos ; ecprj • Kat yap ra Ofirjpov oe <j)aaiv eiri) 
 nravra KeKTrjaOai. — Ma At ovk eycoy , ecfirj • Toy? 
 yap rot pa'tycpBovs olBa ra \xev eirr] aKpi^ovvia^^ av- 
 Tou? Be iravv rjXiQiov<$ bvras. Kac o X(0KpaT7)<$ ecf)7) • 
 
 11 Ov Briirov, o) EvOvBrjpe^ ravr7]<; t?}? aperrjs e^ieaat, 
 Si, 7]V avOpcoiTOL iroXiTiKoi yiyvovrai Kai OlKOVOpLiKOl 
 Kat apyeiv iKavoi kul ax^eXtfxoi toI? re aXXocs av- 
 OpcoTrois Kat eavrols ; Kal 6 EvOvBtjijlos • HcfyoBpa y , 
 e<fir], co ^IcoKpares, Tavirjs t-^? aperr}*; Beofiai. Nr) 
 
SENO<M2NT02 A. 133 
 
 Ai , ecj)7} 6 ^(0Kpa,T7)<; s rrjs KaWiarrj^ aperr}? kcli jie- 
 yicTTT]? e(j)LeaaL reyvr]^ • eart yap tcov j3acri\ecov avri) 
 /cai KaXelrai (3ao~LXLtcrj • amp, e$>r), KaravevorjKas, eu 
 olov r earl fxr) ovra Sifcaiov dyaOov ravra yeveaOaL ; 
 
 — Kal fxaXa, ecprj, teat ov% olov re ye avev 8c/caio- 
 o~vwr}<$ ayaOov 7toXltt]v yeveaOat. — Tl ovv ; e^rj, o~v 12 
 B)j tovto Karetpyaaai ; — 01 fiat ye, e(pr), cb Xwcpa- 
 T6?, ovBevbs av yjttov (pavrjvat So/cato?. — ' Ap ovv 
 [e<£?7,] tcov hucalwv ecrrlv epya, co$7rep tcov rercrovcov ; 
 
 — Higtl /juevTOL, e(prj. — Ap ovv, ecpr), cosirep 01 re- 
 KToves eyovcrL tcl eavrcov epya eiri.hei^ai, ovrws ol 
 Sifcatoi tcl eavrcov eyoiev av Sie^r)yr]aaaOai ; Mr) ovv, 
 ecj)7j 6 EvOvSrj/jLos, ov Swafiat, eyco ra t^<? hacaioo-vvr)*; 
 epya e^rjyrjo-aaOai ; /cat, vr) At eycoye ra ttJ? aSiKias • 
 eirei ovk, oXcya earc Ka6 ifcdcTTrjv ijixepav roiavra 
 opav re /cai anoveiv. BovXeL ovv, ecprj 6 XcoicpaTr)^, 13 
 ypa^jrcofiev evravOol fiev BeXra, evjavOol Be aXcfya ; 
 eira o tl fiev av Bo/cfj r)/Mv t?}? BLKaLOcrvvr)<; epyov 
 elvai, irpos to BeXra Tidcofiev, on o° av ttjs dhacias, 
 
 iTpo<i to aXcfia ; El tl gol (Wet, ecpr], nrpo^Belv tov- 
 
 tcov, iroLeL Tavra. KaL 6 XcotcpaTr)? ypdyjras, cosirep 14 
 eiirev ' Ovtcovv, ecj)r), €cttlv ev dvOpcoiroL? * to*' yjrev- 
 oecrOaL ; — Egtl fxevTOL, e<f)r). — HoTepcocre ovv, ecprj, 
 
 ucofiev tovto; — ArjXov, ecf>r), otl irpo<; ttjv a$L/cLav. 
 
 Ovtcovv, ecprj, /rat to e^awarav eo~TL ; — Kal /bLaXa, ecprj. 
 
 — Tovto ovv TTOTepcoae dcojiev ; — KaL tovto SrjXov 
 otl, ecprj, irpo? tt]v a$LKLav. — Tl Se ; to rcafcovpyelv ; 
 
 — KaL tovto, ecf>rj. — To Be dv^paTToBi^eaOaL ; KaL 
 
 tovto. — IT^oo? Be Ty SLKaLoavvrj ovBev rj/xlv tovtcov 
 KeLcreTaL, co EvOvBrj/Ae ; — AeLvov yap av €Lrj, ecprj. — 
 Tl B ; eav Tt? GTpaTrjyos alpeOeLS ciBlkov Te KaL 15 
 
134 xenophon's memokabil. rv. 2. 
 
 e^Opav ttoXiv e^avhpaTrohiarjrai, (p-qao/iev tovtov dhi- 
 
 K6lv ; Ov Sfjra, e(j)r). AiKaia he rroietv ov (pr/ao- 
 
 fjuev ; — Kal fiaXa. — Ti h ; eav e^airara iroXefJucov 
 avTois ; — • AiKaiov, €(f)r), Kal tovto. — 'Eav he fckeirrr] 
 
 re Kai dpTraty] ra tovtcov, ov hiKaia iroir]aei ; Kal 
 
 fiaXa, €(f)rj • aXX eyo) ae to irpwTOV v7reXdfi/3avov 
 Trpo<$ tol»9 (f)iXovs \xovov Tavra epcordv. — Ovkovv, 
 €(f>rj, baa 7rpo$ ry ahiKia eOriKapbev, irdvra Kal 7rpo$ 
 tt) hiKaioavvrf dereov av elrj ; — EoiKev, e(f)7]. — 
 
 16 BovXei ovv, €(f)7j, ravra ovtoj #eWe? hiopiawpueOa ird- 
 Xlv, irpos puev toi;? TroXe/xlov? hacaiov elvai ra roiavia 
 iroielv, irpos he tou? <j)i\ov<$ dhinov, aWa helv 7rpo'? 
 ye toutou? co? dirXovaTarov elvai ; Ilavv fiev ovv, 
 
 17 e<prj 6 EvOvhrjixo^. Ti ovv ; ecprj 6 XcDKpaT7]<;^ eav 
 Tt? o-Tparrjyos opcov aOvpLOds eyov ro °" T p a ' re V[ia yjrev- 
 aafjuevos cfyrjar) av^ybdyovs irpo^ievai Kal rd> yjrevhec 
 tovto) iravarf ra? a6v/xia<? tov arpaTevfJiaTO^, TrorepwOi 
 
 tk)v aTrarrjv Tavryv 6rjo~o/iev ; AoKel /uloi, eobrj, Trpos 
 
 ttjv hiKaioavvrjv. — Eav he t/? v'lov eavTOv hed/xevov 
 <f)apixaKeia<; Kai /jlt] Trpo^ieyevov (papfiaKOV e^airaT^aa^ 
 co? aiTLOv to <fiap/jLaKOV hd) Kac rd> tyevhei yprjaa- 
 {levo? ovtcd? vyia TrotrjO'T), TavTr\v av ttjv airaT7]v iroi 
 Oereov ; — AoKel fioi, e^rj, Kal TavTrjv et? to avTo. 
 — Ti h ; eav Tt? ev dOvpua (Wo? (piXov heiaas, jjlt) 
 htayprja7]Tai eavTOv, KXe-^rrj i] dpiraarj rj |t.<£o? tj dXko 
 ti toiovtov, tovto av irorepcoae Oereov ; — Kai rovio 
 
 18 vt) At t e<f)rj, 7r^o? ttjv hiKaioavvr\v. — Aeyeis, e<f)7], av 
 ovhe irpos tovs cpiXovs drravra helv dirXo'C^eaOai ; — 
 Ma Ac' ov hrjra, ecfrrj • aXXa /neTaTi6e/Liai Ta eipr]- 
 fieva, euirep e^eart. - — Ael ye' roi, e<pr} 6 ^co/e/KiV???, 
 
 19 e^elvai ttoXv fiaXXov t] fit] opdcos TiOevai. Tcov he 
 
SENOSGNTOS A. 135 
 
 Btj rof? (f)L\ov$ e^airarcovrcov em /3\a/3r], iva fir/Be 
 rovro rrapaXiircofiev dtrKeirrov, rrorepos aBtKcorepo<; 
 
 €<TTIV, 6 €KCOV 7] 6 dfCCOV / AXX , CO XcOK.pare<$, OVK6TL 
 
 fjuev eycoye mcrrevco oh air otcpuvo fiat • teal jap rd irpo- 
 a6ev rrdvra vvv aAAa)? e^ecv ^ 0K€ ^ I* 01 * V ®5 cyco 
 rore coo/jltjv • bficos Se eipr\oQco fioc aBaccorepov elvai 
 rov eicovra tyevBdfjievov rov dtcovros. — Ao/cei Be aoi 20 
 fiaOrjais zeal eir icrr 7]fX7) rov Biicaiov elvai, co^irep rcov 
 ypafifiarcov ; — Efioiye. — Tlorepov Be ypafifiariKcore- 
 pov KpiveiS) b? av e/ccov fiT) opOcos ypdcpT) Ka\ dvayiy- 
 
 pcoctkt) 7) b? av atccov ; l O? av e/ccov, eycoye • Bvvairo 
 
 yap av, oirore {3ovXoiro, fcai op6co<$ avrd iroielv. — 
 Ovkovv 6 fiev e/ccov fir) opOco? ypdcpcov ypafifiari/cos 
 av ecrf, 6 Be dfccov dypdfxfiaros ; — JIw? yap ou ; — 
 Ta Bi/caia Be rrdrepov 6 e/ccov yjrevBdfievos /cal e^anra- 
 
 rcov olBev r) 6 a/ccov ; Ar)\ov, on 6 e/ccov. — Ov/covv 
 
 ypafi/ubariKcorepov fiev rov eiriardfievov ypdfifiara rov 
 fir] emtrrafievov cprjs elvai ; — Nai. — Ai/caiorepov Be 
 rov eiriardfievov rd Bi/caia rov fir) eiriarafievov ; — 
 <&aivofiai ' Bo/cco Be fioi tcai ravra, ovk olB birco^, 
 
 Xeyeiv. Tl Be Br], o? av (BnvXofievos ra\rj6rj \eyeiv 21 
 
 firjBerrore ra avrd Trepi rcov avrcov Xeyrj, aXX 6Bdv 
 re cppaQcov rr)v avrrjv rore fiev 77730? eco, rore oe rrpos 
 earrepav eppaty] /cai Xoyicrfiov air oobaivo fiei '09 rov av- 
 rov rore fiev rrXeico, rore B eXarrco airocpaivrjrai, re 
 
 aoi Bo/cei 6 tolovtos ; ArjXos vr) At elvai, on a 
 
 coero eiBevai ovk olBev. — OlaOa Be rival avBparrooco- 22 
 
 Beis fcaXovfievovs ; Eycoye. — Tlorepov Bia crocfciav, 
 
 7] Bi afiaOtav ; ArjXov, on Bl a/maOiav. '^4p ovv 
 
 Bia r7]V rov yakKeveiv dfiaOlav rov ovofiaro<; rovrov 
 Tvyyavovtriv ; — Ov Brjra. AXX dpa Bca rr)v rov 
 
136 XENOPHON'S MEMOllABIL. IV. 2. 
 
 TeKTaiveaOai ; — OvBe Bia ravrrjv. — AXXa Bia tt)v 
 tov crKVTeveiv ; — OvBe Bi ev tovtcov, e(pr}, aXXa Kal 
 TOvvavTbov • ol yap irXe'laTOi twv ye tcl toiclvtcl Itti- 
 
 (rra/jLevcov avBpairoBwBeis eiaiv. ' Ap ovv tcov tcl 
 
 KaXa Kai ayaOa kcli BiKaia pur] eiBoTcov to bvofia tovt 
 
 23 €<ttlv ; — Epioiye BoKei, e<j)r). — Ovkovv Sec iravTi 
 Tpoiru) BiaTeivapevovs (fievyeiv, birocx; pur} avBpairoBa 
 
 wfxev. AXXa, vr) tovs Oeovs, ecf>r}, &> ^wfcpares, ttclvv 
 
 oifjirjv (^iXoao^elv (piXoerocfoiav, Be r)<? av fiaXMJTCt, evo- 
 jjll^ov 7raiBev6rjvai ra irpo^Kovra avBpi KaXoKayaOias 
 opeyofievco • vvv he 7tg5? oiei p,e aOvpcos eyeiv opwvra 
 epavrbv Sea fjuev tcl nrpoireirovripieva ovBe to epwTco- 
 fjbevov airoKpiveaOai Bvvapevov virep <hv fiaXicrTa %pr) 
 eiBevai, aXXrjv Be 6Bov ovBepbiav eyovTd, rjv av tto- 
 
 24 pevopevos ffeXTicov yevoipbrjv ; — Kal 6 X(OKpaT7]^ • 
 Eiire puoi, 6^77, ay Ev6vBr)pe, eis AeXcfrovs Be 97877 ttw- 
 iroTe a<f>iKov ; — Kai 81? ye vr) Aia, e<f>r). — KaTepaOes 
 ovv 7rpo? to) vaa> ttov yey papbpuevov to TvwOi aavTov ; 
 — Eycoye. — UoTepov ovv ovBev croi tov ypapipiaTos 
 epeXrjcrev, r) irpo^ea^e^ Te teal eire^eip^aa^ aavTov 
 eTTiGKoireiv, 6?Tt? eir)<; ; - — Ma Ai ov SrJTa, e<pr) • Kal 
 yap Br) iravv tovto ye afyirjv eiBevai • a^oXrj yap av 
 
 25 a\\o tl rjBeiv, ecye firjB eiiavTov eyiyvcocrKov. — JJo- 
 Tepa Be aoi BoKei yiyvcoaKeiv eavTov 6?Tt9 Tovvopia to 
 eavTov piovov olBev, tj 6?t£?, wirep ol tovs ittttov? 
 covovpievoi ov wpoTepov oiovTai yiyvooaKeiv, bv av j3ov- 
 XcovTai yvwvai, nrplv av eiriG-Ke^rcovTai, iroTepov ev- 
 7rec6^ €<ttlv 7] BvsireiOr]?, Kai iroTepov Lcr^vpo^ eaTiv 
 7) acr6evr)s, Kai iroTepov Ta-yy^ ij /SpaBvs, Kai TtxXXa 
 tcl 7rpb$ T7]V tov ittttov ^peiav eTTiTrjBeca Te Kal ave- 
 irnr\Beia oVa)? € X €l "> OVTCO< > o eavTov e7rio-Keyjrdp.evo<;, 
 
EENO${2NT02 A. 137 
 
 OTTOIOS €<T7l 7Ty0O9 T7]V av6 pCOlT IVTjV %peiaV, €<yVC0K€ rJ]V 
 aVTOV BvvapllV ; OvTCDS CpLOiye $OfCel, €(f>7), 6 [JbTj eiBcO? 
 
 rrjv eavrov Bvvapnv ayvoecv eavrov. — Eicelvo Be ov 26 
 cpavepov, ecprj, ore Bid p>ev ro eiBevai eavrov? rrXelara 
 dyadd irdcryovaiv ol dvOpcoiroi, Bia Be to e-^revadai 
 eavrcov rrXelora tcaicd ; oi puev yap eiBore? eavrov? tcl 
 t€ emrr^Beia eavroi? laaai Kai BiayiyvcocTKovcriv a re 
 Bvvavrai tcai a pur] • Kai a puev eiriaravrai rrparrov- 
 re<s rropi'Cpvrai re cbv Beovrai Kai ev irparrovcnv, cbv 
 Be fir) eiriaravrai aireyopuevoi ava/ixdprrjroi yiyvovrai 
 Kai Biacpevyovai to KaKco? rrparreiv ' Bia rovro Be Kai 
 Tot/? aXXovs dvOpcoTTovs Bvvdfievoi BoKLfid^eiv Kai Bia 
 t?5? rcov aXXcov yjpeia? ra re ayaOa rropi^ovrai Kai 
 ra KaKa cfrvXarrovrai. Oi Be fxr\ eiBore?^ aXXa Bietyev- 27 
 apievoi rrj? eavrcov bvvapLeco? irpo? re rows aXXovs 
 avOpcoirov? Kai raXXa avOpcomva irpaypiara opuoico? 
 BiaKeivrai ■ koi ovre cbv Beovrai laacriv ovre 6 ri 
 rrparrovaiv ovre ot? yjpcovrai, aXXa iravrcov rovrcov 
 Biapuaprdvovre? rcov re ayaOcov arrorvyyavovcri koi 
 rois KaKOis rrepirriTrrovo-i. Kai oi fiev eiBores, 6 ri 28 
 rroiovaiv, err irvyyav ovre? cbv rrparrovaiv evBo^oi re 
 Kai ri/xioi yiyvovrai ■ Kai oi re o/holoi rovroi? rjBeco? 
 ypcovrai, oi re arrorvyyavovre? rcov rr pay puarcov eirivv- 
 fjLovcri rovrov? virep avrcov (SovXeveaOai Kai nrpo'Cara- 
 aOai re eavrcov rovrov? kui ra? eXiriBa? rcov ayaOcov 
 ev rovrot? eyovoi koli Bia rrdvra ravra iravrcov pid- 
 Xiara rovrov? ayaircocriv. Oi Be pur] eiBore?, 6 ri 29 
 rroiovai, KaKco? Be aipovpuevoi Kai ol? av eiriyeipricrcocTiv 
 arrorvyyavovre? ov piovov ev avrol? rovroi? ^rjpiiovvrai 
 re Kai KoXa^ovrai, aXXa Kai aBo^ovai Bia ravra Kai 
 KarayeXaaroi yiyvovrai koi Karacppovov/ievoi kcm an- 
 
138 xenophon's MEMOEABIL. IV. 2. 
 
 fia^o/aevoi ^wcriv • opas Be kcli tojv iroXecov on oaai 
 av dyvor\aacrai rr\v eavrwv Bvvafiiv Kpeirrocri TroXepr)- 
 gwglv, at fiev avacrraroi yiyvovrai, at B e£ eXevOe- 
 
 30 pcdv BovXat. Kai 6 EvdvBrj/jLos * r «f2<? rrdvv fioi Bokovv, 
 ecf>r], a> ^cotcpares, rrepl rroXXov rroirjreov elvai to 
 eavrov yiyvcoaKeiv, o£/to>? taOt • oiroOev Be ^prj ap£a- 
 a6ai erna Korrelv eavrov, tovto rrpos ere aTrofiXeira) el 
 
 31 fjboi eOeXrjcrai? av e^rfyr}aaa6at. Ovkovv, e(f)rj 6 Xco- 
 KpaT7]S 3 ra fiev ay ad a teal ra icaica oiroid eon, irdv- 
 tgj? ttov ytyvaio-fceLs ; — Nrj Ai , ecprj • el yap firjBe 
 ravra olBa, nai rcov avBpairoBwv (fravXorepos av eir\v. 
 
 IBi Br\, ecpr), Kac efioi e%riyr)o~at aura. AX")C ov 
 
 ^aXeirov, ecfyy • rrpwrov fiev yap avio to vyiaiveiv 
 ayaOov elvai vofii^o), to Be voaelv fca/cov, kireira rd 
 ama e/carepov avrcov, tcai irora Kac ppcora Kac eirirrf' 
 Bevfiara, ra fiev rrpos to vyiaiveiv (pepovra ayaOa, 
 
 32 Ta Be rrpo? to voaelv fca/ca. Ovkovv, ecf>r], icao . ro 
 
 vyiaiveiv Kac to voaeiv, orav fiev ayauov rivos atria 
 
 yiyvrjrai, dyaOa av etr\, brav Be fca/cov, /ca/ca. Flore 
 
 cT av, €<jyrj, to fiev vyiaiveiv KaKov airiov yevoiro, to 
 
 Be voaelv ayaOov ; Orav vrj Ai , €<jyrj, arpareia^ 
 
 re atay^pas /cat vavnXias /3Xa/3epas fcai aXXcov ttoXXcov 
 roiovrcov ol fiev Bia pcofirjv fieraayovres arroXwvrai, 
 
 ol Bh Bi daOevetav arrdXet<^Oevre^ acoOcoaiv. AXr]6rj 
 
 Xeyeis • aXX* op«?, 6^)77, on icai rcov cocfteXificov ol 
 fiev Bia pwfJbTjv fiereyovaiv, 01 Be Bi aaOeveiav diro- 
 Xeiirovrai. — Tavra ovv, e<p7j, irore fiev cocf)eXovvra, 
 
 rrore Be fiXairrovra fiaXXov ayaOa rj fcaxa eanv ; 
 
 OvBev fia Aia cfraiverai Kara ye rovrov tov Xoyov. 
 
 33 AXX rf ye roi o~o(jjia, eo ^coKpares, avafi<f)isf3r)rr)Tco$ 
 ayaOov eanv ' irolov yap av n<; irpdyfia ov (BeXnov 
 
SENOSflNTOS A. 139 
 
 irparroc croc/)o? cov r) afiaOr]^ ; Tt Bat ; rov AaiBa- 
 
 Xov, €<j)7j, ovk aKT]Koa<$, on XrjcfrOels vtto Mcvo) Bia rr)v 
 cro(j>iav rjvayKa^ero eiceivcp BovXeveiv (cat rrjs re irarpt- 
 So? afia fcal rrjs eXevOeptas eareprjOrj tcai erriyeipwv 
 airoBiBpaaKetv /nerd rov vlov rov re iratBa airwXeae 
 teal avros ovk r)Bvvr}6r) acoOrjvac, aU arreve^Oeu^ et? 
 
 tol>? (3ap(3dpov$ iraXtv e/cel eBovXevev ; Aeyerai vr) 
 
 Al , €<pr), ravra. Td Be IIaXap,r]Bov^ ovk aK7]Koa<s 
 
 TrdOr] ; rovrov yap Btj iravres vpvovaiv, &>? Boa o~o- 
 <f)iav (pOovrjdets vtto rov OBvaaeco^ airoWvTat,. — Ae- 
 yerai Kac ravra^ e<frr). — AXXovs Be iroaov^ oiei Bict 
 aofylav avaprrdarov^ 7rpo? (3acriXea yeyovevai kcli eKel 
 BovXeveiv ; — KivSvvevei, e<j>r), co XwKpares, avapcfeiXo- 34 
 ycorarov ayaOov elvai ro evBaipoveiv. — Eiye put) Tt? 
 avro, e(j)r), co Ev0vBr}/uie, ef apcfriXoycov ayaOcov crvvri- 
 
 Oeirj. Ti B 1 dv, ec/>^, rwv evSai(j,oviKa)v a/u<f)i\oyov 
 
 €07} ; OvBev, ec/>?7, euye fir) rrpo^6r]aopev avrco KaXXo? 
 
 7] ivyyv 7] rrXovrov r] Bd^av rj kcil ti aXXo rwv roiov- 
 
 tcdv. AXXa vr) Ata TrposOriaopev, €(f)7) • 7rco? yap dv 
 
 Tt? dvev rovrcov evBaipovoiif] ; — Nr) Ai\ etyr), 7T0O?- 35 
 Orjaofjiev apa eg cbv iroXXa kol yaXerrd crvpfiaivei rocs 
 av0p(D7roL$ ' rroXXoi puev yap Bid to raUo? vtto rwv 
 eiri Tot? copaiois 7rapaKeKLV7)KOTcov BiacfrOeipovrai, rroX- 
 Xol Be Bui rr)v layyv pei^ocriv epyois eiri'yeipovvre^ ov 
 pLLKpoLS KaKols Trepnrnrrovo'i, itoXXoi Be Bed rov rrXov- 
 rov BiaQ pvrrropevoL re kclI eiriftovXevopevoi diroXXvv- 
 rai, ttoXXoi Be Boa Bo^av Kai rroXiriK7]v Bwapav pueyaXa 
 KaKa ireirovOaaiv. — AXXa prjv, ec/)?7, eiye firjSe to 36 
 evSaipoveiv eiratvcov opOans Xeyco, opioXoyw pL7)Be o rt 
 7TjOO? tou? Oeovs ev^eaOat %pr) etBevai. 'AXXa ravra 
 fiev, e<f)7] o ScoKparTjs, lgco<$ Bid to crcpdBpa mareveiv 
 
140 xenophon's MEMOKABIL. IV. 2. 
 
 eihevat ovh eonce-^rai • eirei he 7ro\e&)? hr}fioKparov[JLe- 
 VTjs Trapaor/cevu^T] rrpoearavat, hrjXov, ore hrjfioKparcav 
 
 37 ye olada, n eart. Ilavrcos hrj7rov, e<f>rj. Aoicel 
 
 ovv aoi hvvarov elvai hrffxoicpariav euhevai fir) echora 
 hrjfiov ; — Ma Ai ov/c efioiye. — Kal ri vojuu^eis 
 
 hrjfiov elvai ; — Tovs rrevrjraq rwv iroXcriov eycoye. 
 
 Kat tou? rrevqra^ apa olaOa ; — ITco? yap ov ; 
 
 ' Ap ovv /cat tou? ttXovglovs olcrOa ; — Ovhev ye r)rrov 
 r) /cat tow? rrevrjras. — Uo/ou? he nrevrjras Kat ttoiovs 
 irXovcrtovs icaXels ; — Tov$ fiev, olfiat, fir) l/cava eypv- 
 ra? et? a hel reXelv rrevrfras, tou? he rrXetw rwv 
 
 38 i/cavcov ttXovglovs. — Kara fie fiaOrficas ovv, ore evioi? 
 fiev rravv oXiya eyovaiv ov fidvov dp/cel ravra, aXXa 
 teal rrepirroiovvrai air avrcov, evi,oL<$ he rravv woXXa 
 ov% ucava eart ; Kao vrj Ai , ecftrj 6 Ev6vhr)fjLo$ * 
 opOcos yap fie avafxifxvr]o-/cei^ • olha yap /cat rvpdv- 
 vov$ Tivas, ov oi evoeiav, coswep oi arropmraroi, avay- 
 
 39 KaCpvTai ahaceiv. Ov/covv, ecprj 6 Sco/cparr)?, ecye 
 ravra otrr&>? e% 6t > tovs fiev rvpavvovs et<? rov hrjfiov 
 Orjao/jiev, tovs he oXiya /ce/enjuevovs, eav ol/covo/ic/coI 
 tocriv, et? toi/? rrXovaiovs ; Kat 6 EvOvhrjfio? ecf)rj • 
 
 Avay/cd^eo fie Kat ravra ofioXoyelv hrjXov on r\ efirj 
 (fravXorrjs • /cat (ppovri^co, fir\ /cpariarov fj fxoi criyav ■ 
 fcivhvvevco yap dirXws ovhev eihevat.. 
 
 Kat rravv a0vfia)$ e^cov airrjXOe icac /caracfrpovr)- 
 o-flf? eavrov kclI vofitaa^ tw bvri avhparrohov elvai. 
 
 40 HoXXol fiev ovv rcov ovra> htareOevrcov vrro ^cotepd- 
 tovs ov/ceri avrw rrposTjeaav, oy? Kat, fiXafccorepovs 
 evd/jU^ev, 6 he EvOvh^fio? vireXajBev ovk, av aXXco? 
 avrjp a%ioXoyo$ yevecrQai, ei fir) on fiaXtara Hco/cpa- 
 rec Gvveir) • Kai ov/c arreXetiTero en avrov, et firj ti 
 
EEN0$GNT02 A. \^.\ 
 
 dvajKalov eii) • evca Be tcai e/u/xetTo wv efcecvos eVe- 
 rrjSevev • o Se a? eyvco avrov outgo? e^ovra, r\Ki<JTa 
 fiev hierdparTev, dirXovarara Be kcli aacfyearara l^t]- 
 yelro a re evd/ju&v eihevai heiv kclI eTrnrjBevew tcpd- 
 riara elvai. 
 
PLATO. 
 
 (Chiefly after the text of C. F. Hermann.) 
 
 SELECTIONS FROM THE PHAEDO. 
 
 TA TOT AIAAOrOT IIP020IIA 
 EXEKPATH2, KEBH2, 
 
 $AIAQN, 2IMMIA2, 
 
 AII0AA0AQP02, KPITflN, 
 
 2&KPATH2, 
 
 TfiN ENAEKA TIIHPETH2. 
 
 a I. Avros, d) $cll8g)v, irapeyevov Hco/eparei, efcecvT) 
 ry rjixepa, rj to (^dpfxaKOV kiriev ev tg> Becrficor^pLO), 
 7] aXXov tov rjfcovcras ; 
 
 $AIA. Avtos, co Eyeicpcnes. 
 
 EX. Ti ovv Sr] eauv hurra elirev 6 avr\p irpo tov 
 OavaTOV ; Kat 7rco? ereXevra ; rj&ecos yap av eyco 
 aKOvoraifML. Kai yap ovre twv ttoXltwv <PXLao~icov 
 ovSecs Travv ti e-rnyw placet tol vvv A6r\va^e^ ovre rt? 
 B fe^o? a(j)LKTai yjpovov avyyov e/cel0ev, baTi? av rjfxlv 
 <ra<f>e$ ti ayyelXac oios t fjv 7T€pl tovtcov, TrXr\v ye 
 Sr] otl (frdpfiafcov 7Ti(ov airoOavoi • twv Se aXXcov ov- 
 Sev el^e cppa^eiv. 
 58 <&AIA. OvBe tol wept t?5? Stfcr)<; apa eirvOecrBe bv 
 Tponrov eyevero ; 
 
 EX. Nat, TavTa fiev rjficv tfyyeiXe T£?, real eOav- 
 fia^ofiev ye otl iraXai yevofievri^ avTrjs ttoXXq) i/crre- 
 pov fyaiveTai airoBavcov. ti ovv r)v tovto, a> Qathcov ; 
 
HAATQN02 SAIAQN. 143 
 
 $AIA. Tu%7] rt? avTco, co E^etcpaje^y o~vve{3r) • 
 €tv%€ yap 77) Trporepala t?}? Bc/cr)? rj irpvpuva eare/A- 
 /jLevrj tov irXolov b et? Arfkov AOrjvalob Trepuirovabv. 
 
 EX. Tovto Be Br) rl ecmv ; 
 
 <&AIA. Tovto eart to irXolov, go? cpaabv AOrj- 
 
 VCLLOt, €V ft) @7)G6V<$ 7T0T6 €t? KpTjTTjV TOU? Si? 67TTCI 
 
 €k€lvov<z u>X eT0 <*-ycov K( u eacocre re teal auTO? eo-to0rj. 
 tw ovv AiroXXcovb ev^avTO, co? XeyeTai, tot6, et aco- B 
 delev^ ifcdcTTov Itou? detopbav aira^ebv et? Arfkov • rjv 
 Br) aei kcli vvv etc e£ etcecvov kclt eviavTov tcZ deco 
 irep/Kovabv. eireiBav ovv ap^covTat t^? Oecopias, vopos 
 eaTiv avTol? ev tu> Xpovw tovtco fcaOapevebV Tr)v ttoXiv 
 /cat BrjpoaLa prjBeva airoKTiwvvai, irplv av et? Arfkov 
 cHpLfcrjTai, to irXolov nai iraXbv Bevpo • tovto 8 evbOTe 
 ev 7ro\Xw xpovcp yiyveTai, qtclv Tv^cocrbv ave/xoi airo- 
 XafSovTes avTOVs. apXV & eo "™ T V^ Oecoplas, eireiBav c 
 6 lepevs tov AttoXXcovos aTeyjrr/ Tr)v irpvpuvav tov 
 ttXolov ' tovto B eiv%ev, coenrep Xe'yco, tt) irpOTepata 
 •n;? SiKrjs yeyovos. Bui tclvtcl kclu ttoXvs XP 0V0< S € y €V ~ 
 €to to) XcoicpaTei ev tco heapbcoirjpicp 6 peTa^v t?5? 
 Bbfcrjs t€ fcai tov Oclvcltov. 
 
 II. EX. Tl Be Brj Tfl irepl clvtov tov OavaTov, 
 co <I>alB(DV ; t'ivcl r)v tcl Xe^#eWa kcl\ TrpayQevTa, kclL 
 Tives oi nrapayevopevoL tcov eTTLTrjBeicov tco avBpi ; r) 
 ovfc elcov ol apxpvTe^ irapelvab, aXX epr f p,o<; eTeXevTa 
 cpiXcov ; 
 
 <&AIA. OuSa/xco?, aXXa iraprjtrdv Tive<; koi ttoX" D 
 Xol ye. 
 
 EX. TavTa Br) TravTa TTpo6vp,r}6r)Ti a>? oacbeo~TaTa 
 rj/jilv airayyelXai, el pbr] Tt? aob aa^pXta Tvy%civei, 
 ovaa. 
 
144 IIAATGNOS 
 
 $AIA. 'AXXa cyoXa^co ye kcu nreipdcro/jLai v/uv 
 Sir/yrjcraaOai • Kai yap to ixefivyjaOai XcoKpdrovs kcu 
 avrov Xeyovra /eat aXXou aieovovTa efxoiye del rrdv 
 rcov rjSiarov. 
 
 EX. AXXa firjv, co <&aiScov, zeai rovs aKovaofie- 
 vovs ye roiovrovs erepovs e^is • aXXct rreipco cos dv 
 8vv7) aKpifBearara SieXOeiv rrdvra. 
 E <&AIA. Kai fjurjv eycoye Oav^daua erraOov rrapa- 
 yevofjievos. ovre yap cos Oavarco rrapovra fie dvSpbs 
 errirrjSeiou eXeos eicrrjei • evhaifxcov yap (Jioi dvrjp ec\>ai- 
 vero, cb E%eKpares, /eai rov rpoirov /eai rcov Xoycov, 
 co$ aBecos Kai yevvaicos ereXevra, cocrre jjloi eieelvov 
 rrapiaracrOai firjS eis ' AiSov lovra avev Oeias /xolpas 
 tevai, aXXa /caKelcre acfiiKOfxevov ev irpa^eiv, eirrep ris 
 59 rrcorrore Kai aXXos. hia Srj ravra ouSev rravv [ioi 
 eXeeivov eicrrjei, cos eiKos av Sogeiev elvai irapovn 
 rrevOei • ovre av rjBovr) cos ev cpiXoaocjyia rjficov bvrcov, 
 toanrep eicoOeifiev • teat yap oi Xoyoi roiovroi rives 
 rjcrav ' aXX are^ycos droirov ri fioi iraOos iraprjv Kai 
 tis ar\Qr)s Kpdcris airo re Trjs rjSovrjs crvyKeKpafievrj 
 ofiov Kai airo Trjs XvirrjS, evOvfjiOv/xevcp on avriKa 
 eKelvos efJbeXXe reXevrdv. Kai rravres oi rrapovres 
 a^eSov ri ovrco SieKeifieOa, ore fiev yeXcovres t eviore 
 Be BaKpvovres, els Be rjficov Kai Biacjyepovrcos, AiroX- 
 XoBcopos ' olaOa yap rrov tqv avBpa Kai tov rpoirov 
 B avrov. 
 
 EX. litis yap ov ; 
 
 &AIA. EKelvos re roivvv rravrartacriv ourcos e^X 6 * 
 Kai avros eycoye ererapayfjirjv Kai oi aXXoi. 
 
 EX. Erw^ov Be, co <PaiBcov, rives irapayevofievoi ; 
 
 $AIA. Ovrds re Br) 6 'A7roXXoBcopos rcov erriycn- 
 
<£AIAQN. 145 
 
 plcov iraprjv kcll 6 KpLToftovXos kcll 6 Trarrjp avrov 
 
 [KpLTCOvl, KCLL 6TL * EpfMOyeVT)^ KCLL ElTLyevr)^ KCLL AlG")(L- 
 
 vt)<; kcll AvTLaOevrjs • 7]v Be kcll K.T7]arLTnro$ o Ucllcl- 
 
 VL€V$ KCLL Meve'^eVO? KCLL aXXoL TLVeS TCOV eTTLyj&pLGSV • 
 
 FIXcltcov Be, dtfiai, r/adeveL. 
 
 EX. 'BevoL Be rcves iraprjaav ; c 
 
 $AIA. Nal, ^LfifiLas re ye 6 @7]/3a2o<; kcll Ke{3r}$ 
 kcll $cu8a)vl8r]$i kcll MeyapoOev EvkX€lBt)<; re kcll 
 Tep-^rccov. 
 
 EX. Tl Be' ; ' Apiarnriros kcll K.Xeop,{3poTO<; irape- 
 yevovTo ; 
 
 $AIA. Ov SfJTCL' ev Alyivr) yap ekeyovro elvat. 
 
 EX. AXXos Be Tt? iraprjv ; 
 
 &AIA. %%e8ov tl oipLCLL toutou? irapayeveaOaL. 
 
 EX. Tl ovv Br] ; TLves, ^7??, r)aav ol XoyoL ; 
 
 III. <f>AIA. *Eyd> gol eg apxV$ TrdvTa ireLpdcro- 
 ficLL BLrjyrjaaadaL. deL yap Br) kcll to.? wpoaOev rj/jLe- D 
 pa? eLcoOeifjuev c^oltolv kcll eyco kcll ol oXXol irapd tov 
 ^coKparrj, avXXeyo/nevoL ecodev et? to BLKaaTT)pLov, ev 
 a) KaL rj Blktj eyevero • itXtjclov yap rjv tov Becr/JLco- 
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 BecrfMOTrjpLov, BiaTpL/3ovTe$ per aXXrjXcov ■ dvedtyeTO yap 
 ov irpco ' eireLBrj Be dvoLyOeLr)^ eLayeLfiev irapd tov 
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 Tepaia [r/fiepa] eireLBr) egr)X0o{iev eK tov Beo-juLcoTrjpLOV 
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 Tarra et? to eLwOos. kcll rfKOfiev KaL r)p2v egeXOcav 6 
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 fir) irpoTepov irapLevaL^ eco? av avTos KeXevcry • Xvovctl 
 10 
 
146 1TAATQN02 
 
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 ypovov eTTLaycov r}Ke kcli eKeXevev y-jfxa^ eicrievai. ei- 
 
 60 cnovres ovv KaT€\a/n/3avofjL6v tov puev Swrcpdrr) aprt 
 XeXv/Aevov, tt)v Be AavOtiriTrjv^ <yiyva)crtcei,<; yap, eyov- 
 crav fe to iraihiov avrov /cat 7rapaKadr)pev7)v. co? 
 ovv elBev rjfxa^ rj RavOiinrr), avev^ripuyae re kcli roiavr 
 arra elirev, ola Br) eiodOaaiv at yvvalKes, otl co %w- 
 KpcLTes, vararov Br] ere irpoaepovai vvv oi e7riTr)8ecot, 
 fcal av Tourof?. kcli 6 ^cofcpdrris /3Xetya<; a? tov 
 Kpcrcova, 6) Kpncdv, ecf>?}, airayeTco Tt? avrrjv oiKaBe. 
 teal €fceivr)V fxev dirrjydv Ttves tcov tov KptTwvos /3oco- 
 
 B aav T€ kcli fC07TT0fAevr]v • 6 he X(OKpajri<; avafcadi^d- 
 fxevos et? ttjv kXivtjv aweKajji'^e Te to cr/ceXo? real 
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 co dvBpes, eoace tl elvai tovto, b kclXovglv ot dvdpco- 
 iroi rjBv • co? OavfJLcicrLws ire^vKe irpos to Bokovv evav- 
 tlov elvai, to Xvirrjpov, tco ct/ia fiev clvtco pur] eOeXeiv 
 irapaylyvecrOai too avOpcoirw, eav he Tt? Blookt) to 
 eTepov kcli Xapi/3av7), cryeSov tl avayKa^eaOcLL Xa/Jifta- 
 veiv kcli to eTepov, odairep €K /jllcls Kopv(fir}$ awrj^/uievco 
 
 C Bv ovTe. kcli puoi BoKei, efyrj, ei evevoyaev clvtcl Al- 
 crayrros, pivdov av awOelvat, co? o 6eos /3ovXopLevo$ 
 dvTa BiaXXd^at iroXepiovvia, e7reiBri ovk TjBvvaTo, %vv- 
 rj^ev et? tclvtov clvtoIs tci$ Kopvcfcdq, kcll Bia Tavra 
 co av to eTepov irapayevrjTaL eiratcoXovOeu vo~Tepov Kai 
 to eTepov. coenrep ovv kcll avrcp fioc eoiKev, eireiBy] 
 viro tov Secr/mov r/v ev tco aKeXec \irpoTepov\ to aX- 
 yeLVov, rjKetv hrj cpalveTac eiraKoXovOovv to r)8v. 
 
 d LXII. Tovtcov Be ovtw 7re^>VK0T(0Vj erreiBav acjjc- 
 
$AIAQN. 147 
 
 Kcovrai ob rer eXevrr)Kore<^ et<? rov toitov oi o bai/jicov 
 e/caarov KOfii^ei, nrpwiov fiev biebiKaaavro 01 re /eaXco? 
 Kal oaicos (Biwaavres Kai 01 fir]. Kai o\ /nev av bo^wcn 
 fieo~(D$ fiefticoKevai, rropevOevres eirl rov ^ Ayepovra, 
 dva(3dvre$ a brj avrois o^fxara eariv, eiri rovrwv 
 afyifcvovvrcLL a? rr)v Xi/avtjv, Kai efcel oiKovai' re Kal 
 KaOaipo/xevoi rcov re ahiKJ]\xarwv bibovres oY«;a? drro- 
 Xvovrai, ei ris re rjSiKr/Ke, rwv re evepyeaicov rifxd^ E 
 ^epovrai Kara rr)v a^iav e/cacrro? • oi 8 av botjcoariv 
 aviarcos ^X eiv ^ ta ra ^J^V T ^ v d/naprijfjiarcov, r) 
 lepoavXias 7roXXa<; Kai jieyaXas rj <f>ovovs abiKOv? Kal 
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 avra rvyyavei ovra, rovrovs be r) rrpoGr\Kovo~a fioipa 
 piirrei et? rov Taprapov, bdev ovirore eK^aivovcriv. 
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 (Siaiov ri rrpa^avres, Kai jjuerafieXov avrois rov aXXov H4 
 (3iov fiicocriv, rj avbpofyovoi roiovrw rivi aXXcp rpoircp 
 ye'vcovrai, rovrovs be e/joreaelv fiev et? rov Taprapov 
 dvajKT), efiTreaovras be avrovs Kal eviavrov €Kel yevo- 
 fievovs €KJ3aXXei ro KVfia, tol>? fiev avbpocfrovovs Kara 
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 Kal KaXovav, ol fiev ou? airexreivav, oi be ovs v/3pi- 
 crav, KaXeaavres b iKerevovcri Kal beovrai edaai cr<£a? b 
 eK/3rjvat et? rr)v Xiftvrjv Kai be^aaOai, Kal lav jxev 
 ireiawo-iv, €Kj3aivovcri re Kai Xriyovai rcov KaKtov, el 
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148 IIAAT{2N02 
 
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 av Bo^cocrb BbacpepdvTcos irpos to oorbcos ftbcovab, ovrcc 
 eiaiv ol TcovBe fiev tcov tottcov tcov ev tt\ yrj eXev0e- 
 
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 vco<? KaOripdjievoi dvev re o-co/jlcitcov Jcocrt to irapdirav 
 et? tov eiretTa ypovov, kul et? obKr)aebs en tovtcov 
 KaXXbovs dcbbKvovvTab, a? ovTe paBbov BrjXcocrab ovTe 6 
 %povo<; Ifcavo? ev tco nrapdvTb. aXka tovtcov Br) eve/ca 
 %pr) cov BbeXrjXvda/iev, co Xbpbfiba, irav iroiecv, coarTe 
 apeTr)s tcai cf>povr]aecos ev tco (3lco /neTaayelv ■ fcakov 
 yap to dOXov kol r) eXirb? fieyaXrj. 
 
 r> LXIII. To fiev ovv tclvtci Bbbvyy pier act Qab ovtco? 
 €%ebv, cos eyco BbeXr]Xv0a, ov irpeirei vovv eyovTi avBpi' 
 
 OTb fJieVTOL 7) TCLVT eaT~bV 7) TOLCLVT CLTTCI TTepb Ttt? 
 
 ^vyas 7]/jbcov kcu Ta? OLfcrjcrebs, eirebirep aOavaTov ye 
 rj tyv)(r) cpalveTcib ovaa, tovto tccib irpeirebv efiob BoKel 
 Kab d^bov KbvBvvevcrcLb obofxevco ovtcos eyebv • KaXos 
 yap 6 klvBvvos • Kal %pr) Ta TObavTa coairep eiraBebv 
 eavTco, Bbo Br) eycoye Kal iraXab /ultjkvvco tov jjlvOov. 
 aXka tovtcov Br) evetca dappelv %pr) irepb tt) eavTov 
 "tyvyjQ dvBpa, bcTTbs ev tco $lco Ta? \xev aXXas r)Bovas 
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 fxevos airepya^eaOab, Ta? Be wepl to fjbavOavebV etnrov- 
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 tco ai/Trjs KoafJLCp, crcocppoavvr) Te Kal BbKaboovvr t Kab 
 115 avBpeba koI eXevOepba Kal dXr)6eba, ovtco irepbfJLeveb 
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 jjbapfjbevr) KaXrj. vfiels fxev ovv, ecj>r), co Sififila Te Kab 
 
<J>AIAQN. 249 
 
 Kefir]? Kai ol aXXoi, etaavOi? ev Ttvi yjpovco e/caarot 
 iropevaecrOe • e/ie Be vvv r)Brj tcaXel, cpalrj av avrjp 
 Tpa<yiKO$, 7) elfiapfievrj, kch, ayeBov n fioi copa rparre- 
 adai TTpos to Xovrpov • Bokcl yap Br) fteXnov elvai 
 Xovadjievov rnelv to (jxipfiarcov feat fir) irpayfiara rat? 
 yvvaigl irape^e iv veKpov Xovetv. 
 
 LXIV. Tavra Br) eiTTovros avrov 6 Kpircov, Kiev, 
 e(f)r], co XcoKpares ' n Be tovtol? rj efiol eTTicneXkeis B 
 7] irepi rcov iraiBcov rj irepi aXXov rof, 6 tl av crot 
 rroiovvre? rj/xe't? ev yapiTi fxaXiara rrocolfiev ; ' Airep 
 ael Xeyco, ecpy, co Kpircov, ovBev /catvorepov • on vficov 
 avrcov err ifieXov fiev oi vfiels Kai e/xot Kai toIs efiol? Kai 
 vfiiv avrois ev yapiTi rroafiaere arr av 7rocrjre, kclv 
 
 v -> r - / )\ CSV f r, v J ~ 5 
 
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 X-rjre, Kai fir) ueXrjre coarrep /car f)(vr] Kara ra vvv 
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 eav fioXXa 6fioXoyr)ar)T€ ev tco rrapovn teat acpoBpa, 
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 crofieOa, ecprj, ovrco iroieiv • Oarrrcofiev Be ere nva rpo- 
 irov ; Ottco? av, ecprj, ffovXrjcrOe, edvirep ye Xaftrfre 
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 7rpo? r)fia<; airo/3Xeyjra<; elrrev, Ov ireiQco, e$r), co av- 
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 vcov, aXX oierai fie eKeivov elvai, bv oyjrerai oXlyov 
 vcrrepov veKpov, Kai epcora 817, irco? fie Qairvrf. on D 
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 f v » / i / t r* 5 > •> / 
 
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 aofiai arncov et9 fiaKcipcov Br\ Tiva? evBaifiovlas, Tavra 
 fioi Bokco avrco dXXcos Xeyeiv, rrapafivOovfievos d/ia 
 fiev vfids, afia B efiavrdv. eyyvqaaaOe ovv fie 7rpo? 
 
150 IIAATfiNOS 
 
 KpLTCDVCl, €(j)7], TTjV €VaVTlCLV €JJV7)V 7] TjV Ot>TO? *7T£>0? 
 
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 E eiretBav aiToOavw, aXXa Oi^creaOai airiovra, Iva Kpi- 
 rcov pobov (f>eprj, /ecu pur} opcov puov to acopua r) kcuo- 
 pievov 7] Karopvrropuevov dyavcucrr) vrrep epiov o>? Beivd 
 irao"XovTo$, ptrjBe Xeyrj ev ry racprj, g>? r) irporiQerai 
 ^cofcparrj rj e/ccjyepet rj fcaropvTTei,. ev yap laOc, f) 6° 
 6?, c5 apcare Kpircov, ro per) fcaXcos Xeyeiv ov pedvov 
 et? avro rovro 7rXrjpbpeXe<i, aXXa scat icaicov ri epuroiei 
 Tat? -\|ri/^at?. aXka Oappelv re %pr) Kai §avai rov- 
 116 puov crcopLa Qamreiv, tcai Oairreiv ovtcds ottcqs av croc 
 <juXov fj Kau piaXicrra r\yrj vopupiov elvai. 
 
 LXV. Tavr eiTToov e/celvos ptev dvlcrraro et? dl- 
 fcrjpLa Tt a)? Xovcropevo?, icai 6 Kpcrcov eiirero avrd>, 
 7]pia<; B e&eXeve rrepipbeveiv. rrepiepbevopuev ovv irpos 
 r)pLa<$ avrovs BiaXeyopievoc rrept rwv eiprjpbevoov teal 
 avao-KOTTOvvres, Tore B av irepi rr)$ %vpL<popd<; Bce- 
 ftoWe?, octt] r)puv yeyovvta ecrj, areyvca^ Tjyovpievoi 
 mairep 7rarpos (rreprjOevres Bcd^eiv opfyavov rov eireira 
 
 B filov. eireiBr) Be eXovaaro fcal r)ve^6rj irap avrov ra 
 iratBla — Bvo yap avrcp viels apuKpoi rjaav, eh Be 
 pue'yas — icai at ol/ceiat, yvval/ces a<f>ucovro, [etcetvais^ 
 evavnov rov Kplrcovos BiaXeyOeL^ re icai emcneikas 
 arra eftovXero, ia? puev yvvaltcas nai ra rraiBta aiue- 
 vai exeXevaev, avros Be fjfee irap rjp,a<;. Kau f)v r/Brj 
 eyyu? tjXlov Bvapucov • ypdvov yap rroXvv Bierpv^rev 
 evhov. eXOcov B etcaOe^ero XeXovpLevo?, icai ov 7roXX 
 arra puera ravra 8ieXey0r], teat rjicev 6 rwv evSe/ca 
 
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<£AIAQN. 151 
 
 /mot, ^aXeiratvovcrt kclL fcarapwvTcu, eiretSav avrols Trap- 
 ayyeXXco irtvetv rb cj)dpfiaKov dvayKa^dvrcov rwv ap- 
 yovrwv. ae S' eyco Kal aXXcos eyvcoKa ev rovrw tg> 
 Xpovco yevvatorarov Kat rrpaorarov Kat aptcrrov avSpa 
 ovra rwv rrwirore hevpo acptKOfievcov, Kat Br) Kat vvv 
 ev olS ore ovtc efiol ^aXeiratvet^, ytyvwo~Kets yap rov$ 
 atrtovs^ aXX efcecvois. vvv ovv, olerda yap a rjX0ov 
 ayyeXXcov^ yaipe re Kat rretpw &>? paara (fyepetv ra D 
 avayfcala. teal d/ia hatepvaas fieraarpecpofievo^ air-yet. 
 Kat 6 XcoKpdrr]^ dvafSXe^as 7rpo<; avrdv, Kal av, ecprj, 
 yalpe, Kat rjfiel? ravra irotrjaofiev. Kat ctfia 7rpo? 
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 .fiot tov xpdvov irpoarjet Kal SteXeyero evtore Kat r]v 
 avhpwv A,ft)<TTo?, Kal vvv &)<? yevvatcos fie airohaKpvet. 
 a\X aye Sr], d) Kptrcov, rretOwfieOa avrco, Kat evey- 
 Karco Tt? to cfxip/jtaKov, el rerptrrrat • et Se fir], rpt- 
 yfraTco 6 dvOpcoTTOs. Kal 6 Kptrcov, AXX. olfiat, ecftrjy E 
 eycoye, w ^wKpares, ert r)Xtov elvai errt to£? opeai 
 Kat ovttq) SeSvKevat. Kat ctfia eyco olSa Kal dXXov? 
 iravv o^jre irtvovras, eiretSdv rrapayyeXdrj avrots, Betirvr]- 
 cravTas re koI irtovras ev fiaXa. aXXa firjSev eirel- 
 yov ' ert yap ey^copel. Kal 6 ^(OKparrj^, EIkotcos y, 
 e<prj, a) Kptrcov, etcetvot re ravra rrotovatv, ou? av 
 Keyets, otovrat yap Kepbavetv ravra rrotiqa avres, Kat 
 eycoye ravra etKorco? ov rroir\acd ' ovSev yap olfiat H7 
 KepSatvetv oXtyov varepov irtcov aXXo ye r) yeXcora 
 ocfrXriaetv Trap' efiavrco, yXt%ofievo<; rov t£)v Kat (petSo- 
 fievos ovSevo? ert evovros. d\\' tOt, e<prj, irtOov koI 
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 LXVI. Kal 6 Kptrtov aKovcras evevae r<p iratSl 
 7rXr)crtov earcort, Kat 6 irals e^eXOtov Kal av)(yov %pd- 
 
152 IIAATGNOS 
 
 vov Siarptyas rjfcev ayayv tov /jleXXovtu BiBovai to 
 tfiapfiCLKOV, ev kvXlkl cftepovTa T6T pipupuevov • iBoov Be 6 
 ^co/cpdrr)^ tov avOpayrrov, Eiev, ecprj, co (BsXtlgte, gv 
 yap tovtcov eTrtorrj/xcov^ n ^PV iroielv ; OvBev aXXo, 
 ecf)!], 7] iTLovra irepaevai, eo>? av gov /3apo? ev Tot? 
 B cfceXecn yevrjrai, eiretra KaraKelaOai • /cat ovtcos aino 
 
 7T0L7]aei. KOL CLjXa 0)p€^6 T7)V fCVklKCL TCp XcOKpCLTei ' 
 
 kcli b? Xaficov /cat, paXa iXecos, co E^eKpares, ovBev 
 Tpeaas ovBe biatyOeipas obre tov ^pwfxaTO^ ovre tov 
 irpoGcoirov^ aXX- coGirep enoOei TavprjBov VTroftXe-tyas 
 TTpos tov avOpayjTOV, Tl Xeyet?, e^, irepl TovBe tov 
 ttojxclto^ 7rpo? to aiTOGTrelGai tivi ; egeGTiv, r) ov ; 
 Togovtov^ e<f>r), co £o)KpaTe$, Tpl^ojxev, ogov oiop,e6a, 
 
 C fJU€TplOV elvCLL TTielv. MavOaVCO, f) B O? * aXX? €V%6- 
 
 aOal ye irov toIs Oeois c^cgti t€ kcli XP 7 )-! rr ) v f 16 " 
 
 TOLKTjGlV TT]V €V0€V(!)€ €K€IG€ eVTVyr) yeveG0at ' a Br) 
 
 kcli eyco evftofiai, T€ kcli yevoiTo TavTjj. kcli apa 
 
 eiTTCOV TCLVTO, €774(7^0^.6^0? KCLI piaXa eVJ(ep(b$ KCLI €V- 
 
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 Tfrdfievog aireKXaiov e\xavTov ' ov yap Br) eKelvov ye, 
 aXXd tt)v efiavTov Tvyi)V, olov avBpo? eTaipov eGTeprj- 
 D pbevos eirjv. 6 Be KpbTcov €Ti irpoTepos epov, €7rei8r) 
 ov% olds t 7]v KaTeyew Ta BaKpva, e^aveGTTj. AttoX- 
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 kcli ayavaKTcbv ovheva ovTiva ov KaTeKXaGe tcov irap- 
 ovtgov, ttXtiv ye avTOV ^ZcoKpaTovs. eKelvos Se, Ola, 
 €(j>7] y TroieLTe, co OavpuaGioL. eyco puevTOL ov% r\ttiGTa 
 
<S>AIAQN. 153 
 
 rovrov evefca ras yvvatKas aireirefi-^ra^ Iva fir) roLavra 
 rrXr)fifieXoiev • kcll yap aKrjKoa, ore ev evcprjfiLa, yprj E 
 reXevrav aXX i rjavyiav re dyere Kal Kaprepelre. kcll 
 r)fiei<; aKovoavres r)o")(vv6r}fiev re kcll errecrypfiev rov 
 SaKpveLv. 6 Be 7repL€\0cov, e7r€iSri ol (BapweaOat efyr) 
 ra <TK€\r), fcaretcXWr) vtttlos • ovroo yap eKeXevev 6 
 avupco7ro<; • KaL afia ecpairrofievo^ avrov ovros o oof9 
 to <f)ap/jLCLtcov, 8loXl7tcov xpovov eireaKoireL tou? irohas 
 KaL ra atceXr), Kairetra acfioSpa ineaa^ avrov rov iroha 
 rjpero, eu acaOdvoLro • 6 $ ovk e(j)r/ • KaL fiera rovro 
 avOis to? Kvr]fia<$ • Kal eiravicov ovrco? r)fuv avrots 118 
 eireSecKvvro, ore ^vyoiro re Kai irr]yvvjo. Kal airro? 
 rjirrero Kal eXirev brL, eirecBav irpos rr) KapBla, yevrj- 
 raL avroo, rore OL^rjcreraL. rjBr) ovv o~yeBov rL avrov 
 rjv ra rrepl ro r)rpov yjrvyofieva, Kal eKKaXv\jrdfievo$, 
 €veK€Ka\v7rro yap, elwev, b Br) reXevralov e(f)6ey£aro, 
 'fl Kptrcov, e<£?7, roo Ag-kXttjitlgo ofyetXofiev aXeKrpvdva' 
 aXX airoBore KaL fir] afieXrjarjre. AXXa ravra, e(f>rj, 
 earaL) 6 KpLrcov • aXX 6pa, €L rL aXXo Xe'yet?. ravra 
 epo/xevov avrov ovoev ere aireKpLvaro, aXX oXLyov 
 y^povov BloXlttcov €KLvrj6rj re Kal 6 avOpwrrws e%€Ka- 
 Xvyjrev avrov, Kal b? ra ofifiara earrjerev • lBoov Be 6 
 Kpirwv %vveXa(3e ro ardfia re Kal tou? ocf>6aXfiovs. 
 r)Be r) reXevrrj^ a> EyeKpares, rov eratpov rjfilv eyev- 
 ero, avBpos, ax? r)fiel<s (palfiev dv, rwv rore oov errec- 
 paOr/fiev aptarov KaL aXXeos cfypovL floor arov KaL BiKaLO- 
 rdrov. 
 
DEMOSTHENES 
 
 (Text of Rehdantz. Teubner.) 
 
 OAYN0IAKOS T. 
 
 i Ovyi TavTa irapMTTaTai /jlol yiyvaxr/ceiv, o) avBpe? 
 Adrjvatoi, orav re et? ra irpdyfiaTa a7ro/3\eyjrco Kai 
 brav 7rpo? tov$ Xoyovs oy? a/covco • tou? p,ev yap 
 \6yov$ irepl tov ri/uicoprjaao-Oai ^ikiirirov 6pa> yiyvo- 
 fievovs, ra Be Trpay/jbara et9 tovto 7rporjKovra, wcrre 
 O7rco? fir) TretaofxeOa clvtol irpoTepov Katcws crKey^aaOat, 
 Beov. ovBev ovv aXXo fioi Bokovo-lv ol ra rocavra 
 XeyovTes r) ttjv viroOeaiv, irepL 17? /3ov\evea6e, ovyj, 
 
 2 ttjv ovaav irapiGTavTes v/jliv dfiaprdvecv. eyw B 6ti 
 p,ev 7tot e^rjv rrj iroXet kcli tcl avTrjs ^X eLV «0"<£^<w? 
 Kai ^tXiirirov TL/jLCDprjcracrOai, kcli fjiaXa aKptfiws olBa • 
 eir 6/jLov yap, ov iraXai, yeyove ravra a/jLcpdrepa • 
 
 9 vvv fJuevroL weireLCT/jiaL tqu9' Ifcavov irpoXaftelv tj/jllv 
 elvai t^ TrpwTTjv, birois tovs crv/n/jbd^ov^ aodcrofxev. 
 eav yap tovto /3e/3at&)<? virdp^r/, totc icat irept tov 
 Ttva TL/i(Opr](T6TaL Tt? Kai ov Tpdirov e^eaTau CTKOirelv ' 
 irpiv Be ttjv apyr\v op6w$ viroOecrOat,, fiaTacov ^youfiac 
 irepu tt)$ TeXevTrjs ovtivovv iroieiaOai Xoyov. 
 
 3 'O fxkv ovv irapoov Kaipds, [a> dvBpes AOrjvaloL^ 
 
 €L7T6p 7TOT6, TToXXr]? (fipOVTlBo? Kai (3ov\r)$ BelTai, * eyCO 
 
 Be ov% o tl %pr) irepl twv TrapovTcov av/jLJ3ovXevaac 
 ■^aXeiroiTaTOV rjyovfjiai, aXX e/celv airopco, Ttva %pr) 
 
AHMO20ENOY2 T. ][55 
 
 TpoTrov, co avhpe<; Adrjvcuoi, Trpos vfias ire pi avrtov 
 elireiv. ireireiGfiai yap e£ tov irapcov teal aicovcov avv- 
 oiha ra irXeito tcov irpayfiaTcov vfia<; e/cTrecpevyevat 
 rep fir) (3ovXeo~6ai ra heovTa Trotelv, ov rco fir) ovvte- 
 vai. dtjito he vfias, av fieia nrapprjalas iroi-cofiac to us 
 Xoyovs, viTOfieveiVy tovto Oecopovvras eo TaXrjOr) Xeyco 
 /cat hia tovto, iva Ta Xonra /3eXTtco yevrfTau • opaTe 
 yap ft)? etc tov irpos X a P LV hrjfirjyopelv evtovs eis irav 
 TrpoeXr}Xv6e fioy6r t pta? Ta irapovTa. 
 
 ' Avay/calov he viroXafiftdvco fiLtcpd tcov yeyevrjfievcov 4 
 TTpcoTov vfias vTrofivrjaac. fiefivr)a6e, c5 avhpe? ' AOr)- 
 valot, ot airr)yyeX6r) <f>iXnriro<$ v/jllv ev ©pater) TpiTov 
 
 7) TETapTOV 6TO? TOVtI 'HpatOV Tel^OS TToXiOptCCOV. TOT 6 
 
 Tolvvv fir)v fjuev r)v fiaifiatcTr)pi,wv. iroXXtov he Xoycov 
 /cal dopvfiov yiyvofiivov Trap vficv e^r/cpco-acrOe T6tt<z- 
 pd/covTa TpcripeL? tcadeXfceiv teal tow? p<e%pt ire'vTe /cal 
 TeTiapaKovTa eTcov avTOv? efi(3aivecv ical TaXavTa 
 e£rj/covTa eiacpepecv. ical fieTci TavTa hteX6dvTo<; tov 5 
 eviavTov tovtov eicaTOfi(3aicov, fxeTayeiTvicov^ /3orjhpo- 
 fiicov ' tovtov tov firjvo? fioyis fieia to, fivcrTrjpLa $0 
 he'fca vavs direcTTeiXaTe eyovTa rcevas Xapchrj/uLov ical 
 nrevTe TaXavTa apyvpeov. &)? yap r)yyeX6r) ^lXltttto? 
 aaOevcov rj TeOvecos (rjXOev yap afi(fioTepa\ ovtceTi tcac- 
 pov ovheva tov (SorjOelv vofiiaavTes acpleTe, &> avhpes 
 AOrjvaioc, tov airoaToXov. rrv h ovtos o Kacpos avTos. 
 el yap TOTe etcelcre e(3orj0rjcrafiev, coairep e-^rrjcptcrafieOa, 
 Trpodvficos, ovk av rjvco^Xei vvv rjfilv o QuXlttitos 
 acoOecs. 
 
 Ta fiev hrj tot€ irpayQevTa ovk, av aXXcos e%OL • 6 
 vvv h erepov iroXefiov tcaipos rj/cec tis, hi bv tcau irept 
 tovtcov efivriadrjv, Iva fir) TavTa iradrjTe. to hr) XPV~ 
 
156 DEMOSTHENIS HI. 
 
 crofieOa^ <h avBpes Adjjvacoi, tovto) ; ei yap /jltj /3ot)- 
 6t)<t€T6 iravTL adevet Kara to BvvaTov, 6edaao6e ov 
 rpoirov vfxeis eaTpaTrjyrjKOTes iravra ecreaOe virep <f>i- 
 
 7 Xnnrov. vTTr\pyov OXvvOcoi Bwafiiv Tiva tee/eTrj/nevoo, 
 
 KCLl Sl€K€l6 OVTCO TCL TTpajfiaTa. OVT€ ^iXiTTTTOS 
 
 eddppei tovtovs ov6' > ovtoi QuXiirirov. eirpd^afiev 
 7)neL<$ teafeetvoc irpos rjp,a<; eipr)vr\v ■ rjv tovto coairep 
 CfiTToSiafia tl tw ^iXltttto) teat Bva^epes, ttoXiv (leyd- 
 Xtjv €(popfjLe2v tois eavTov teaipols BirjXXaypevrju Trpo? 
 rjfjLas. efC7roXe/jLrjaai Beiv (pofieOa rovs avOpwirovs etc 
 iravTos rpoirov • kcli b Travres eOpvXovv, tovto TreTrpaie- 
 
 8 Tat vvvi OTTCoaSrjTroTe. tl ovv vttoXolttov, to dvBpes 
 AOrjvaioi, ttXtjv j3orj6elv eppco/jLeveos teai TrpoOvjuoos ; 
 eyco fxev ov% 6p(o ■ %&)/9£? yap ttJ? TrepiaTaar)? av 
 r}jjLa<$ aLC^yvT)^, ei teadvcpet/xeOd tl tgqv Trpay/jbciTcov, 
 ovBe tov (poftov, a> dvBpe? A07jvaloL^ fiiKpov opco tov 
 twv fieTa ravTa, e^ovTcov fiev &)? e^owi Gyftaicov 
 rj/uLiv, aTreipijKOTcov Be ^pi]fxaai <£>(Ofcecov, fiTjBevos 8' 
 
 €/HTToSo)V OVTO? <frlXlTnT(p Ttt TTOpOVTa KaTaCFT p6^afieV(p 
 
 %\ TTpos TavTa eTracXlvai Ta rrpayfiaTa. aXXa fxr\v ei 
 
 9 tls v/uLcov els tovto ava/3aXXeTai TroiT)aeiv Ta BeovTa, 
 uhelv eyyvOev (BovXeTai Ta Beiva^ e^ov anoveiv aXXo6i 
 yiyvo/meva, teal /3or)6ovs eavTw tprjTeiv^ e£ov vvv ere- 
 pois avTov /3o7]6etv • 6tl yap et? tovto TT€pio-T7]creTai 
 Ta irpdy/uiaTa, eav Ta irapovTa 7rpoa>fie6a, o^eBov 
 Lafxev a.7ravT€<? Bt]itov. 
 
 io AXX oti fiev Bt) Bel ffoTjOelv, enrol Tt? av, nravTes 
 eyvwtea/uev, teal $oy}dr}Gop,ev • to Be ottois, tovto Xeye. 
 fir) tolvvv, <b dvBpes AOrjvaloi, 6av/jiaa7]Te t av irapa- 
 Bo^ov elireo tl toZ? ttoXXoIs. vo/jio6eTa<; teaOlcraTe. ev 
 Be tovtois toZ? vofioOeTais fir) drjaOe vopuov jxrjBeva 
 
AHMO20ENOY2 T. 157 
 
 (ecal yap vplv Ifcavoi^, aXXa rovs et<? to irapov fiXarr- 
 rovra? vjAas Xvaare. Xeyco Br) rovs rrept rcov Oecopt- 11 
 kcov, cracpoos ovrcoau, teat rov<? wepi rcov err parevopevcov 
 evuovs, gov ol fjuev ra arparicoraca rocs olkol fievovcri, 
 Stave jjlovgl Oecopuca, ol Be toi>? draicrovvra^ aOcpovs 
 KaOiardcnv, elra tcac TOf? ra Beovra rroieiv fiovXopie- 
 vov$ aOvporepovs rrocovenv. eireuBav Be ravra Xvarjre 
 teal rrjv rov ra ^eXriara Xeyetv oBov Trapaa^rjre 
 aafyaXr), rr\viKavra rov ypayjrovra a iravres care ore 
 avfKpepei tyjrelre. irp\v Be ravra irpd^ai, /jltj ctko- 12 
 irelre Tt? etrrcov ra /3eXrio~ra virep v/ulcdv vcf) vpuoov 
 diroXeaOai (3ovXr}aerai • ov yap evpr\aere, aXXoos re 
 teal rovrov jllovou 7repcyiyvea6aL /ube'XXovros, [toiT] 
 iraOelv clBlkcds tl icaicbv rov ravr eiuovra tcac ypa- 
 yjravra, purjBev Be co<fieXrjo~at rd rrpay\xara, aXXa nai 
 et? ro Xoittov fiaXXov ere r) vvv ro ra ^eXrtara 
 Xeyetv (frofiepoorepov iroirjaat. fcal Xveuv ye, co avBpes 
 
 AOrjvaloi, tol>? vo/jlovs Bel rovrov^ tou? avrovs dfyovv 
 olirep Kai reOetKaatv • ov yap earn, Bitcaiov rr)v piev %% 
 yapiv, v) rrdaav e{3Xa7rre rrjv rroXiv, Tot? rdre Oelacv 13 
 virapyeiv, rr)v B aireyQeiav, Bi 97? av diravres dpteivov 
 7rpa%aip,ev, too vvv ra (BeXriara etirovri 'Cflp.iav yeve- 
 aOai. irpiv Be ravra evrpeirto-ai, pLrjSapucos, co dvBpes 
 
 AOrjvalot, firjBev a^iovre rrfXacovrov elvai Trap 1 vplv 
 ware rov<; vopbov? rovrov^ rrapafidvra fir) Bovvat BIktjv, 
 /x^S' outgo? avorjTov coo-re et? irpovirrov /catcov avrov 
 epftaXelv. 
 
 Ov pbrjv ovB exelvo y v/ia? ayvoelv Bel, 0% dvBpes 14 
 
 A6r]valoi, on -y]rr}(f)tcrpLa ovBevos d^cov eariv, av pur) 
 rrpoayevrirai ro iroielv eOeXetv ra ye Bo^avra irpoOv- 
 ftco? vpbds. ei yap avrapicr) ra *tyi]<§>io-para r\v r) vpuds 
 
158 DEMOSTHENIS III. 
 
 avaytcd^etv a 7rpoar]Keo irpaTTeiv rj irepi cov ypacpeirj 
 Btairpa^aaOac, ovr av i/fiecs TroXXa tyiicpi^dpevot, puLKpd, 
 fiaXXov B ovBev eirpdrTere tovtcov, ovre ^tXiiriToq 
 toctovtov vftpifcei, %povov • iraXai <yap av eve/ca ye 
 
 15 yjr7](f)Lcr/jLaTO)u eBeBcoxei, Biktjv. aU' ov% ovrco ravr 
 €%€i • to yap 7rpaTT€tv tov Xeyeiv feat, yeipoToveiv 
 varepov ov ry ra^ec, irporepov rfj Bwdfiet, kcll fcpelr- 
 tov €(ttlv. tovt ovv Bel irpoaelvaL, ra S' aXXa 
 virdpyei • koi yap enrelv ra BeovTa Trap vplv [elaiv], 
 cb avBpes AOrjvaloi, Bvva/nevot, /cat yvcovac ttclvtcov 
 v/uels o^vTaTOt to. prjdevTa, koi Trpa^ai Be BwrjaeaOe 
 
 16 vvv, eav op6co<i irocrJTe. Ttya yap yjyovov r\ Ttva /cac- 
 pov, to dvBpes Adrjvalot, tov irapovTos (SeXTtco ^ijTetTe ; 
 rj 7TOT6 a Bel Tfpa^eTe, ei fi7] vvv ; ov% cnravTa p,ev 
 rjpucov Trpoei\7](f)e Ta yjopia avOptoiros, et Be Kat Tav- 
 Tf)<$ KVpi.os tt}<; ^topa? yevrjcreTai, iravTcov aiayjLGTa 
 ireitropeQa ; ov% o{/?, ei Tro\e{AT)o~atev, eToiiMos acocreiv 
 
 §§ vTrca^voufieOa, ovtoi vvv iroXepbovoLv ; ov/c e^Opos ; 
 ovk e^cov Ta ijpeTepa ; ov ftap{3apo<; ; ovy^ 6 tc av 
 
 17 eiTroi Ti? ; aXXa irpos Oecov, iravTa eaaavTes /cal 
 pbdvov ovyi o-vyfcaTao-KevdaavTes avTco, tot€ tou? ai- 
 t/ou? oiTives eiai tovtcov ^r^aofiev ; ov yap avToi 
 y aiTioi cprjcro/jLev ecvae, cracpa)? ouoa tovt eyco. ovoe 
 ydp ev rot? tov iroXepuov kivBvvols tcov (pvyovTcov ov- 
 Bels eavTov KaTJjyopel, aXXa tov aTpaTrjyov kclL tcov 
 ttXtjctlov fcac TravTcov paXXov, rjTTTjvTat B 6/xco? Bca 
 iravTa^ tov? (fivydvTas Btjttov ' pueveiv yap e^rjv toj 
 fcaTrjyopovvTL tcov aXXcov, et be tovt erroiet e/cao~To<;, 
 
 18 evUcov av. /cat vvv ov Xeyei. T£? Ta {3eXTio~Ta ; ava- 
 cna? aUo? enraTWy pn] tovtov aniaaOto. €Tepo$ 
 Xeyei Tt? (3eXTtco ; Tama iroielTe ayaOrj tv^tj. aXX 
 
AHM029EN0Y2 T. 159 
 
 ov% r)Bea ravra • ov/ceTi rovO 6 Xeyoov aBi/cel, TrXr\v 
 et Beov ev^aadac irapaXeiirei. ev^aaOat fiev, oo avBpes 
 'AOrjvaloi, paBiov, et? iclvto iravO baa ftovXercu Tt? 
 aOpocaavra ev oXtyw • eXeaOau Se, brav irep\ nrpay- 
 fiiiTWV irporeOrj atcoTretv, ov/ceO bfioioos eviropov, aXXa 
 Bel ra /3eXTtaTa avTi toov rjBeoov, av fir) avvafi(f)6Tepa 
 6 ?2?j "XapfSdveiv. 6L Be Tt? rjficv e^ei teal ra 6eoopucd 19 
 eav teal iropovs eVepou? Xeyetv ar par loot lkov^, ov^ ov- 
 to? KpeiTicov ; enrol Tt? av. (prjfi kyooye, elrrep eaTiv, 
 co avBpes AOrjvaloc • aXXa 6av fiasco, et too iroTe av- 
 Opdoiroov r) yeyovev r) yevr]aeTai t av Ta irapovTa dva- 
 Xooar) Trpos a fir) Bel, twv airovToov eviroprjaai 7rpb<; a 
 Bel. aXX' ol/juai, fieya Tot? tolovtols virap^ei Xoyois 
 r) irap ifcaaTov fiovXrjcns, BtoTrep paaTOv diravToov 
 eaTiv avTOV e%airaTr)aaL • o yap fiovXeTai, tovO' e/ca- 14 
 <7to? feat OL€Tat, Ta Be irpdyfiaTa iroXXa/as ov% ovtoo 
 
 7T6(pVK6V. OpCLTe OVV, 00 dvBpe? A6rjValoL, TavO* Ol/Tft)?, 20 
 
 6V&)? teal Ta irpdyfiaTa evBe^eTai, Kat, Bvvr]aeaOe efte- 
 vai Kat fitaOov e^ere. ov tol aoocf)povoov ovBe yevvaioov 
 eaTiv dvOpooiToov, eXXeiirovTas tl Bl evBeiav ^prjfxaToov 
 twv tov iToXefiov eir^epw? t« ToiavT ovelBrj §'epeiv y 
 ovB eirl fiev KopivOtovs teal Meyapeas dpirdaavTa? 
 Ta birXa ivopeveaQai, ^lXlttttov B eav 7roA,et? 'EXXrj- 
 vchas dvBpaTToBiQaOaL Bl airopiav ecfioBioov Tot? aTpa- 
 
 T€V0fl€V0tS. 
 
 Kat TavT ov% iv aizeyBoofiai Tiaiv vfiwv, rrjv aX- 21 
 X&)? TTpor}pr]fiai Xeyeiv • ov yap ovtoos acfrpoov ovB 
 aTy^7]9 eifii eyoo eocrTe aire^daveaOac /3ovX€a6at fir/Bev 
 oofyeXelv vofil^oov • aXXa Bifcacov ttoXltov fcpcvoo tt]v 
 toov irpayfiaToov G00Ti)ptav avTi 777? ev too Xeyeiv ya- 
 piTos aipecaOai. Kai yyap\ toi;? e7ro toov irpoydvoov 
 
160 DEMOSTHENIS III. 
 
 tj/jucov Xeyovra? ukovco, oicrnrep kxw? kcli uyLtet?, 01/9 eirai- 
 vovcji fJiev 01 rraptovre? airavres, \ii\xovvrai B" 1 ov iravv, 
 rovrcp rco e6et tcai rco rpoirco rr)$ iro\trela<; yprjaOat, 
 rov ApcareiBr/v eiteLvov, rov Nitciav, rov o/acovv/jlov 
 
 22 e/juavrco, rov TIepiKkea. e% ov B ol Btepcorcovres vfjuas 
 
 OVTOC 7T€(j)T]Vao-l p7]TOp€<i U rt /3ov\€a0€ / Tl ypa^TCO ; 
 
 Ti vfJilv %apio-Q)/jLai ; ' rrpoireirorai rr)<^ rrapavriKa ya- 
 piTO<$ ra rrjs 7roXe&)? rrpaypuara Kau tolclvtl crv/bLfiaivei, 
 kcll ra fxev rovrcov rravra koXco? eyei, tci B v/xerepa 
 
 23 acaypco^. kclltoi o-KeijraaOe, co ctvBpes Adrjvacoi, a Tt? 
 av fcecfiaXcua eiirelv eyoc rcov r eirt rcov irpoyovcov 
 epycov teal rcov ecf) v/jlcov. ecrrai Be fipayys tcac yvco- 
 
 §§ pifjios vplv 6 \6yo<$ • ov yap aWorpcots vplv ypco/jue- 
 vol? rrapaBelyixaaiv^ a\X otfcetots, co avBpes AOrjvaLot,, 
 
 24 evBaljuocriv e^earc yeveaOat. eicelvot roivvv^ ot? ovtc 
 eyapl'CpvQ ol Xe'yovre? ovB e(j)c\ovv avrovs cotnrep 
 vfia? ovjoi vvv, irevre /UL6V Kat T6TTapafcovra err) rcov 
 
 EWrjvcov rjp^av eKovrcov^ rrXetco B rj puvpia raXavra 
 et? rr)v a/cpo7ro\iv avriyayov, vrrr\KOvev Be 6 ravrrjv 
 rrjv ywpav eycov avroLS fiaaiXevs, coarrep eart rrpocrr)- 
 kov /3ap/3apov EWrjcrc, 7ro\\a Be Kau KaXa icai irety 
 Kai vav\xayovvre<$ earrjcrav rporraia avrol crrparevo- 
 /uevoi, fjiopot, Be avOpcoircDV Kpeirrco rrjv eirl rols epyois 
 
 25 Bo^av rcov (pOavovvrcov fcareXiirov. em fiev Br) rcov 
 
 EWrjvtKcov r)aav rotovrot * ev Be rots Kara rr)v ttoXlv 
 avrr)v QeaoaaQe oitoLoi ev re rot? koivols Kau ev rols 
 lBlois. Brj/uLocria puev rolvvv oiKoBofjaqixara tcai koWtj 
 roiavra icai rocravra Karecricevaaav tj/ullv tepcov Kat 
 rcov ev rovrot^ avaOrj/jbdrcov ware firjhevi rcov emyiy- 
 
 26 vofievcov v7rep/3o\rjv \e\ei(f)6at ■ iBiq B ovrco crcocfypoves 
 rjaav kuI aipoBpa ev rco rr)<$ TroXtreias r)0ei fjuevovres 
 
AHM02eEN0Y2 T. \Q\ 
 
 (oorre Tr\v ApiaTeuBov kcil ttjv McXrcaBov kcli tcov tote 
 Xapurpcov oiKiav el Tt? apa olBev v/jlcov oirota ttot eariv, 
 opa T77? tov yetTovo? ovBev aefxvorepav ovcrav • ov yap 
 eU irepiovaiav eirpaTTeTO avrols ra t?}? 7ro\e&)?, aXXa 
 to kolvov av^eiv e/cacrro? coeTO Belv. e/c Be tov tu puev 
 
 ^XXrjVlKCL 7T£CrTft>?, TO, Be 77^0? TOVS OeOVS eVCTe{3cO$, 
 
 Ta S' ev ai/roi? tcr ft)? hcoifceiv /jteyaXrjv eiKOTco? eKTr\- 
 aavTo evBaip^ovlav. Tore fjuev Br) tovtov tov Tpoirov 27 
 eiye tcl Trpay/maTa e/ceivots yjpcop,evoi<$ ot? elirov irpo- 
 GTaTai^ ' vwi Be 7Tft)? r)plv vtto tcov yprjcrcov tcov 
 vvv to. Trpdy/ubaTa eyei ; apa ye 6/nolcos kcli irapairXri- §6 
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 \cov ovtcov, tcov B aXXcov ovBevos ovto<; atjioypeco 
 irepl tcov irpcoTeicov iifilv avTiTa^aoQai, e£ov tj/jlov kcll 
 Ta r]pbeTep avTcov ao~cf)aXcos eyeiv Kat Ta tcov aXXcov 
 Bitcaia ftpafieveiv, direaTep-qixeOa fjuev %copa$ ot/ce/a?, 
 Tfketco B 7] yCkia kcli TrevTaKocria TaXavTa avrj\co~ 28 
 Kafxev et? ovBev Beov, oi/? B ev tco iroXefxcp crvp J p J a- 
 %ou? eKT7}crap,e6a, eipr)vt)<$ ovar)<$ a7ro\co\eicacTiv ovtoi, 
 eyQpov B e<p rjfias avTOvs ttiXikovtov r)aK7]Kapbev. rj 
 cfypaaaTco T£? efiol nrapeXOcov, nroOev aXXoOev lo"%vpo$ 
 yeyovev rj Trap rjpbcov avTcov ^iXimro^. aXX co tclv, 29 
 et TavTa (fravXcos, Ta y ev avTj} Tjj iroXet vvv afxei- 
 vov eyei. Kai tl av eiireiv T£? € X ot > Ta? eTraX^eis 
 a? fcovicofjiev, Kai Ta? oBovs a? enricTKevdtpiiev, Kai Kpr\- ' 
 i^a?, Kai Xrjpovs ; airoftXe-ty-aTe Br) irpo<s tou? Tai)Ta 
 TroXiTevofAevovs, cov oi puev €K TTTcoyjov irXovcTioi yeyo- 
 vacriv, oi B e£ aBo^cov evTi/JLOi, evioi Be ra? tS/a? 
 oiKtas tcov BrjpLocrLcov OLKoBop,7]/jLaTcov crefjLVOTe'pas elac 
 11 
 
162 DEMOSTHENIS III. 
 
 Korea Kevacr \xevoo • ocrco oe ra ttjs iroXecos eXarTco ye- 
 yovev, Toaovrco ra tovicov rjv^rjTao. 
 
 30 To Brj to iravTcov aoToov tovtcov, Kao re Br) ttot6 
 a/rravT e£%€ KaXcos tot€ Kao vvv ovk opOcos ; on, to 
 fjbev nrpcorov, Kao CTTpaTeveaOao toX/ulcov clvtos 6 Brj/jios 
 8e<T7roT^9 tcov iroXoTevofJievcov r\v tcac Kvpoos avros 
 dirdvTcov tcov ayaOcov, Kao ayairrjTov r)v Trapd tov 
 Sr]/j,ov tcov aXXcov eicacJTco Kao tojjltjs kclo dpyjqs Kao 
 
 $7 ayaOov twos fjoeTaXafielv ■ vvv Be tovvclvtlov tcvpioi 
 
 31 {lev oi iroXoTevojjuevoo tcov ayadcov, Kao Boa tovtcov 
 airavTa irpaTTeTai, vfiels B 6 Brjfxos eKvevevpocrfievoo 
 teal irepi7]pr)fievoi yprj/joaTa, crv/iM/jidyovs ev virrjpeiov 
 Kao 7rpoa6r]K7}<; fiepei yeyevrjcrOe, ayaircovTes eav fieTa- 
 BoBcocrc OecopiKcov v/jlov r) BorjBpo/ioa irefju^coaov ovroo, 
 icai to ttovtcov avBpecoTaTov, twv vfieTepcov avTcov 
 %apov irpoaocpeoXeTe. ol B ev avTrj ttj iroXeo KaOeop- 
 %avTe$ vfias eirayovcrov eiro TavTa Kao ToOaaevovao 
 
 32 yeopoi]6eo$ avToos ttooovvtcs. ecFTi B ovBeiroT , ol/xao, 
 (Jbeya Kao veavoKOv cfrpovrjfjoa Xa/3eov pLOKpa Kao cfyavXa 
 irpciTTovTaq * ottoI CLTTa yap av Ta eiroT^BevfjuaTa tcov 
 dvQpcoTTcov f], toioutov avayxr) Kao to (ppovrjfza eyeov. 
 ravTa fxd tt]v ArjfirjTpa ovk av OavfiaGaopbO, eo fiel^cov 
 eowovTO epboo yevooTO irap vjjucov fiXa(3r) twv TreirouY)KO- 
 tcov avTa yevecroao • ovoe yap irapprjcroa irepo iravTcov 
 del Trap r^uv eoTiv, aXX eycoye oto Kao vvv yeyove 
 6 av fiasco. 
 
 33 'Edv ovv aXXa vvv y eTt airaXXayevTes tovtcov 
 tcov eOcov eOeXrjarjTe <TTpaTeveo~6ao Te Kao TrpaTTeov 
 atjtcos vjjlcov avTcov, Kao Tats . irepoovaoaos Tat? ookoo 
 TavTaos d(popfiat<; eiro Ta e^co tcov ayaOcov ^prjarjaOe, 
 io~cey<$ dv, ocr cos, cb avBpes AOrjvaooo, TeXeoov T6 Kao fjoeya 
 
AHM029EN0Y2 I\ 163 
 
 Krr\aataQe ayaOov, teat, rcov tolovtcov Xrj/^/jtarcov airaX- 
 Xayetrjre a rot? aaOevovat irapa rcov tarpcov atrtots 
 SiSofjie'voLS €olk€. K(U yap etceiva ovr tayyv evrtdrjatv 
 ovr airo6vr\aK6LV ea • teat ravra, a ve/meade vvv vfjtels, 
 ovre roaavrd eartv ooare oo^eXetav eyetv rtva Scapfcrj, 
 ovr airoyvovra^ dXXo rt rrparretv ea, aXX eart ravra 
 rrjv e/cacrrov paQvpaav vfjtcov eirav^avovra. ovkovv ov 18 
 /jtta6o<fiopdv Xeyets ; (frrjaet ns. jca\ irapa^prj/jta ye 34 
 rrjv avrrjv avvratjtv diravrcov, d) dvSpes AOrjvalot, tva 
 rcov koivwv e/cacTo? ro fiepos Xa/j,/3dvcov } brov Seotro 
 r) 7ro\t? rov0, virdp^ot. e^eartv dyetv rjav^tav ; otKOt 
 fievcov (3eXrtwv, rov St evBetav avayfey rt irotelv 
 ata^pov airrfKXayiJbevo^, avfi/3atvet rt rotovrov olov 
 Kat ra vvv ; arpartoorr]<; avros virapywv airo rcov av- 
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 Xafiftdvcov irdvr ecfropcov real hiotKcov a ^pr) irparre- 
 a6at. bXco? Se ovr a(f>eXcov ovre irpoaOets, irXr)v fit- 35 
 Kpcov, rijv ara^tav aveXcov ets ra^tv rjyayov rr\v iroXtv, 
 rrjv avrrjv rov Xaftelv, rov arpareveaOat, rov BtKa- 
 £eti>, rov irotelv rovO b rt icaO rjXi/ctav hicaaros e%ot 
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 vefietv, ovB avrovs fjtev apyelv kol ayoXa^etv Kat 
 airopelv^ brt oe ol rov Selvo? vtfecoat %evot, ravra 
 irvvOaveaOat • ravra yap vvvl ytyverat. Kat ov%t 36 
 fie'fupojutat rov irotovvrd rt rcov Sedvroov virep v/jlcov, 
 aXXa Kat f/xa? virep v/ulcov avrcov a^tco irparretv 
 ravra e(f> ot? erepovs rt/btdre, Kal jultj irapayuipelv, to 
 avBpes ' 'A07]vatot, tt}? rd^ews, rjv vfilv ol irpdyovot 
 
164 DEMOSTHENIS III. 
 
 t?5? aperr)? fxera ttoXKcov kcu koXwv /ctvSvvcov fcrrjo-d- 
 fievoi tccLTeXiirov. 
 
 ^^ehov eipr)Ka a vopa^co avfjifepeiv ■ vfiels B eXot- 
 19 crOe o tc kcll irj iroXei teat awaac gvvqujzlv v/jlop 
 jjLeWet,. 
 
ARRIAN'S ANABASIS OF ALEXANDER THE GREAT. 
 
 (Text of Geier. Teubner.) 
 
 BOOK II. 
 
 Ovtco Br) rerayfievov^ %povov (lev riva Trporjyev 10 
 avcnravcov, coare kcll irdvv eBo^e ayoXaia yeveaOaL 
 avTwv r) 7rpo<ToSos. tou? jap fiapfidpovs^ oV©? rd 
 nrpwra erayOrjaav, ovketl avTeirrjye Aapelos, aU' eirl 
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 oi/crat?, eon Be brrov kcll %dpaKa irapaTeivas ai/rals, 
 Iva eue^oBcorepa ecpaiveTO, outo)? efievev. kcll ravrrj 
 evOvs BrjXos eyevero Tot? a/Mp AXe^avBpov rfj yvw/JLr) 
 BeBovXco/juevos. &)? Be 6/iov rjBrj f)v rd arparoireBa, 2 
 evravOa irapiizirevodv iravrrj *AXe];av8po$ irapeicdXei 
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 (jyaXayyos • &)<? Be evTos fteXow; eylyvovio, irpwroL Br) 
 ol kclt AXe^avBpov kcll avros AXe!~avBpo$ eiri rov 
 Be^Lov reTay/jLevos Bpo/iw e? tov ttotcljaov eveftaXov, a>9 
 
166 APPIANOY 
 
 ttj re o£ut7)ti ttjs ecpoBou etcTrXrfeai rof? FLepcras kcli 
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 fce'pa, €7riT6Tay/jLevot, • kcu TauTi) fxev Xap,irpco^ evUa 
 
 AXe^av&pos T€ kcli ol dpucf) avTov • ol Se EXXrjves 
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 5 qti AXe^avSpos fxev airouSrj e? tov 7roTa/j,ov efiftaXcov 
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 6 avTols tt)V (paXayya KCLTelSov. kcu to epyov evTavOa 
 KapTepov rjv, tcov [juev e? tov iroTapuov aircocraaOat tou? 
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 (pcuvofjLevr)? evrrpayias \xr\ XetcfrOrjvai, kcu, tj]v So^av ttjs 
 cfiaXayyos, w? afia^ou Brj e? to tot€ &a/3e/3o 77^6^77?, 
 
 7 fjbr) acfiavccrai. kcu, tl kcli tols yevecri tco t€ EXXtj- 
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 Kai eKaTov tcov ovk r)iieXr}\ievcov MaKeSovcov, 
 
 11 Ev TovTco Be al airo tou Be^Lou Kepws Tafet?, Te- 
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 eirt, tou$ %evous Te tol>? fJLiaOocpopovs tol»? Aapeiou Kai 
 
AAESANAPOY ANABASIS, II. 11. 157 
 
 to irovovfievov crcpcov e7riKapL\[ravre<; arro re rov irora- 
 fiou aTTcocravro clvtovs, kcli Kara ro rrapeppcoyos rov 
 IlepGLKOV err parev pharos virepcpaXayyrjcravres e? rd 
 irXayia epL/3e(3XrjKores ^Brj eKoirrov rovs %evov$ • Kai 2 
 ol lirirels he ol rcov FLepcrcov Kara rov? QerraXov? 
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 rep epyco, aXX einBiafBavres evpcocrrcos eve/3aX\ov et? 
 Ta? iXa$ rcov OerraXcov • Kai ravrrj ^vveorrrj Irnro- 
 fia^ia Kaprepa • ovBe rrpooOev eveKXivav ol Tlepcrai 
 irpiv Aapelov re irecpevyora rjadovro /cat rrpiv airop- 
 payrjvat crcpcov row? pacrOocpopovs crvyKOirevras vrro rrjs 
 cpaXayyos. rdre Be rjBr, Xapurpa re /cat etc rrdvrwv 3 
 7) <f)vyr) eyiyvero * teat, oi re rcov Ilepcrcov lttttol ev 
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 apufiaras crcpcov cpepovres, /cat, avroi ol LTrnrels Kara 
 crrevas oBovs 7r\r)0et re 7roXXoi Kai rrecpoftrjpLevcos aw 
 
 3 t,/ 3 « 3 n f ) 3 / 
 
 ara^ict airo^copovvres ov \xeiov vir aXXr]Xcov Karaira- 
 rovfievoc rj irpos rcov BicoKovrcov rroXepicov efiXairrovro. 
 Kai, ol QeaadXoi evpeoarcos avrols eireKetvro, coare ov 
 fielov r] a>? vre^cov cpdvos ev rrj cpvyrj rcov iirfrecov 
 
 3 / 
 
 eyiyvero. 
 
 Aapelos Be, cos avrcp to rrpcorov vir AXe^avBpov 4 
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 eiri rov appiaros cow Tot? rrpwrois ecpevye. kol eare 5 
 puev opiaXols %copiOis ev ry <pvyjj evervyyavev, eiri rov 
 dppuaros Bieaco^ero • chs Be cpapay^l re Kai aXXais 
 Bvcr^copiais evetcvpae, ro fiev dppua airoXenrei avrov 
 Kai rr)v aairlBa Kai rov kcivBvv ckBvs • 6 Be Kai ro 
 ro^ov diroXearei eiri rov dpparos * airos Be lirrrov . 
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153 APPIANOY 
 
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 7 eir avrcp Kai tov kclvovv koli to to^ov. Kai yap teat 
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 irpoaOev e? to hicoKeiv eTpairejo irpiv tov? re /jlioOo- 
 (popovs tov? gevovs Kai to tcov ilepacov ittttikov airo 
 tov TTOTafiov airtdo-QevTas KaTelSe. 
 
 8 Tcov Se Uepacov aireOavov Apcrdp,^ fiev real 'Peo- 
 fjLiOpTjs icai Arthur]? tcov eiri TpaviKco Tiyi-jo-ajjievcov tov 
 
 ITTTTIKOV * aiTo6v7]0-K6i Be KOI ^a/3aK7]^ 6 AiyVTTTOV 
 
 craTpaTTT)? Kai Bovftafcrjs tcov evTificov Uepacov to he 
 aXXo irXrjdos et? Setca puaXiGTa [ivpiahas real ev tov- 
 Tot? iTnreis vnrep tov? /xfptou?, coaTe Xeyei HtoXs- 
 jjiacos 6 Adyov, £vve7Uo~7rd{ievo$ Tore AXe^avhpco, tou? 
 /jl€tcl acpcov hicoKOvras Aapeiov, go? eiri <papayyi tivi 
 ev Trj hico^ei eyevovro, eir\ tcov veKpcov hiaffrjvai tt)v 
 
 9 cpapayya. to Te tTTpaToirehov to Aapeiov evOvs el; 
 ecfidhov eaXco Kai tj pur^^p Kai r, yvvr\, avTrj he Kai 
 dheXcpr) Aapeiov, Kai fto? Aapeiov vrfirios ■ Kai Qvya- 
 Tepes hvo eaXcocrav Kai aXXai a/ncj) avTas Ilepacov 
 tcov opLOTijJLcov yvvaiKe? ov TroXXai. oi yap aXXoi 
 Uepcrai ra? yvvaiKas acpcov %vv ttj aXXj) KaTaaKevfj 
 
 io e? Aa/macrKov eTvyov ecrTaXKOTeq • eirei Kai Aapelos 
 tcov Te yprj/xaTCov Ta 7roXXa Kai oaa aXXa fieyaXco 
 fiaaiXei e? TroXvTeXr) SiaiTav Kai GTpaTevo\xevco Oyctco? 
 avveiTeTai ireTro/jicpei e? Aa/xaaKov, cocrTe ev tco aTpa- 
 TevpiaTi ov irXeiova rj Tpia^tXia TaXavTa eaXco. aXXa 
 
AAESANAPOQ ANABASIS, II. 25. 1£9 
 
 /cat ra ev AafjuacrKoj yjpr\\iaTa oXiyov varepov eaXco 
 
 vtto Ilap/uLevicovos eir avro tovto araXevTos. tovto 
 
 to TeXo? tt) /na%r) eKeivrj eyeveTO eiri ap^ovTo^ A0rj- 
 vaiois NiKo/eparovs firjvos MaipiaKTrjpiwvos. 
 
 Etc Bh ev ttj iroXiopKia tt}? Tvpov ^vve^ofievov 25 
 AXe^avBpov acj)iKOVTO nrapa Aapeiov irpeafBeL*; t»? av- 
 Tov, cnrayyeXXovTes fivpia fiev toXclvtcl virep ttJ? firj- 
 Tpo? Te kcll T17? yvvaiKOS Kai tcov iraiBwv Bovvai eOe- 
 Xeiv AXetjavBpq) Aapeiov • ttjv Be j^oapav iraaav ttjv 
 €vto<; Ev<f>pcnov iroTa/xov ecre eiri OaXaaaav ttjv 
 EXXt]vikt)v AXefjavBpov elvai • yrffiavTa Be ttjv Aa- 
 peiov iralBa AXe^avBpov <piXov Te elvai Aapeiqy teal 
 ^vpbfiayov. Kai tovtcov ev ro> gvXXoym tcov eTaipcov 2 
 airayyeXOevTwv TIapfjievicova fiev Xeyovaiv AXe^avBpcp 
 eiirelv oti avTos av AXe^avBpos cov eiri tovtols r)ya- 
 irrjcre KaTaXvaas tov iroXefxov firjKen irpoaco KivBvvev- 
 eiv ' AXe^avBpov Be Tiapyieviwvi anroKpivao-Qai oti icai 
 auro? av t enrep Tlap/ievicov rjv, outgu? eirpa^ev, eirel 
 Be AXe^avBpos eaTiv, airoKpiveaOai Aapeico airep Brj 
 Kai arreKpivaTO. ecpT) yap ouTe ^prjfiaTcov BelaOai 3 
 nrapa Aapeiov oliTe tyjs %copa<i Xa(3elv avTi Tr~}<? Traar)<i 
 to /juepos ' elvai yap Ta Te ^pri/uaTa Kai ttjv %copav 
 avTOV iracrav • yr)\xal Te av eOeXrj tt)v Aapeiov iralBa, 
 yrjfjiai av Kai ov BiBovtos Aapeiov • eKeXeve Te avTov 
 rjtceiv, ei ti evpeaOai edeXoi cpiXavOpcoirov nap avTov. 
 TavTa ft)? rjKovcre Aapeios, Ta? fiev %v/nf3ao~eis aireyvco 
 Ta? irpos AXe^avBpov, ev irapaaKevrj Be tov 7roXe'fjiov 
 av0i$ f)v. 
 
170 APPIANOY 
 
 BOOK III. 
 
 14 fls Be Aapelo? eirrjyev 77877 ttjv <f)aXayya iracrav, 
 evravOa AXegavSpos Aperrjv fiev xeXevet e/i/3aXetv Tot? 
 Trepuirirevovai to icepas acj^cou to Begiov eo? e? kvkXco- 
 criv • afro? Be Teco? fiev ewl Kepoos tovs afi<j> avrov 
 
 2 i)ye • tcov Be eKJ3or}6r]aavToov lirTreoov Tot? KVKXovfie- 
 voi<; to Kepas to Be^tov Trapapprj^avToov tc ttjs 7rpco- 
 t?;? (fiaXayyos toov ftapfidpoov einaTpe^a^ kcltcX to 
 Bt,e%ov /ecu coairep efifioXov 7roir)o-a<z t?)? Te ittttov ttj^ 
 eTaipifcfj? koI ttj^ (paXayyos ttJ? tclvtt) TeTay/juevrj? 
 rjye Bpofiop re koI aXaXayfjucp <w? eiri avTOV Aapelov. 
 
 3 kcli y^povov fiev tivcl oXiyov ev yepcnv i\ /aclxV e 7 e " 
 veTo ' &>? Be ol Te lirirel^ ol afi(f> AXe^avBpov /cat 
 airro? AXe^avBpos evpcoaTOd? eveneivTO co6lct/xo2<; t6 
 
 XpcO/JLeVOO KCLL TOt? %V<JTOL<$ TCL TTpoa(D7Ta TOOV Uep- 
 
 acov KOTTTovTes, 7] Te (j)aXay£ i] MaKeBovL/cr) irvKvr, 
 KaL TaZ? <japLGO-aL<; nretypLKVia ejJb/3e/3XrjKei, rjBrj auTot?, 
 kol ttulvtcl 6/jLOv to, Betva kol iraXat, rjBrj (pofiepoo ovti 
 Aapeiw efyalveTO, irpwTos clvtos eTTLGTpe-tyas e(pevyev • 
 €(f>o(3r}0r)crav Be kol ol TrepLLirirevovTes tcov TIepo-cov to 
 fcepa? epb^aXovTcov e? clvtou<; evpoocrTcos tcov irepc 
 ApeTTjv. 
 
 4 TavTT) jiev Br) tcov Uepacov $vyr) tcapTepa rjv, kcll 
 ol MatceBoves e^eTrofievoi ecf)ovevov toi;? favyovTas. 
 ol Be afi(JH ^ifjifjLiav kol t) tovtov Tafi? ov/ceTt avve£- 
 oppLrjaai ' AXe^dvBpoo BvvcltoI lyevovTO e? ttjv Blco^lv, 
 aXX €7TLaTTjaavTe^ t?]^ (paXayya avTOV r/ycovL^ovTO, 
 otl to evoovvfjLov toov MdfceBovoov nrovelaOai 7)yyeXXeTO. 
 
 5 kcli TavTT) irapappayeiaT]^ clvtois 777? tol^soos kclto, to 
 Bie%ov BietCTTaiovai twv re Iv^oiv Tives teat tyjs Ilep- 
 
AAESANAPOY ANABA2I2, III. 14, 15. \*J\ 
 
 o~LKrj<; lttttov a)? eiri to. (TKevocpopa tcov MaKeBovcov • 
 kcli to epyov etcel fcapTepbv eyLyveTO. ol Te yap Uep- 
 gcll Opdaecos evexeLVTo civottXols to£? ttoXXols kcll ov 
 TrpoaSoK7]craaLV tin acfias BLeKireaelaOaL tlvcls BiaKO^rav- 
 ra? BlttXtjv ttjv cpaXayya, real ol aL^pLdXcoTOL /3dp/3apot, 
 epi/3dXXovTcov tcov Uepacov ^vveireOevTO kcli clvtoc to?? 
 McLfceSocriv ev tw €py<p. tcov Be eirLTCTdypLevcov ttj 6 
 irpcoTi) <f>a\a<yyi ol TjyepLoves o^eft)?, fiaOovTes to yiyvo- 
 pLevov, pLeTafiakovTes, fjirep irapr]yyeXTo avTols, ttjv 
 Tutjiv eTTiyiyvovTai KciTa vcotov Tot? IlepcrdLs, KdL ttoX- 
 Xou? pb€v avTcov avTou cificfri tols o~K€vocfiopoLS j^we^o- 
 fievovs cnreKTeivav • ol Be avTcov eyKXlvdvTes ecpevyov. 
 
 OL Be €7TL TOV Be^LOV K6pCOS TCOV UepGCOV, 0V7TCO T??? 
 
 cfrvyrjs tt}s AapeLov rjaOrjpLevoL, irepLLTTirevcravTe^ to 
 AXe^avBpov evcovvpiov kcltcx Kepas to£? aptcpl IlappLe- 
 VLcova eveftaXXov. 
 
 KaL ev tovtco apb<$>i(3oXcov tcl irpcoTa yiyvop^evcov 15 
 tcov MdKeBovcov irepareL IJappuevLcov Trap AXe^avBpov 
 cnrovBr} ayyeXovvTa otl ev aycovL ^vveyeTCLL to kcltou 
 acpa<; kcll /3or)0e2v Bel. tclvtcl cos e^rjyyeXOrj AXe^dv- 
 Bpco, tov jxev Blcokclv eTL tt7T6Tpa7r6TO, eTTio-Tpc^ras Be 
 
 GVV TTJ LTTTTCp TCOV CTdLpCOV ft)? eiTL TO Be^lOV TCOV /3dp- 
 
 jSdpcov rjye BpopLco. KdL nrpcoTd puev TOi? cfievyovaL tcov 
 TToXepblcov LTTTreucTL, toIs Te TlapOvaioLS kcll tcov 'IvBcov 
 
 €CTTLV Ot? KdL JJepCTaLS TOt? irXeiGTOLS KdL Kpa-TLCTTOLS 
 
 e/j,/3aXXeL. Kdl lirnropba^La dVTrj KdpTepcoTuTT] tov 2 
 TravTos epyov JjvvecrTT). e? (3a6o<; Te yap, old Bi] IXtj- 
 Bov, TeTdypievoL, avecTTpecpov ol j3dp/3apoL KdL avTLpbe- 
 
 TC07T0L Toll dpicf> ' AXe% dvBpOV ^VpLTTeCTOVTeS OVTe dKOV- 
 
 tlct/jlo) ctl ovt e^eXLypLOtf tcov l7T7tcov, 7]irep LTnropLa^Lds 
 Blktj, e-^pcovTo^ aXXd BLeKTTdlcTdL 7ra? ta? to KaO ditTov, 
 
172 APPIANOY 
 
 o>? \xovt]v TCLvrrjv acorrjpLav acf>icnv ovcrav erreLyo/jLevot, 
 ckotttov re teat, 6kotttovto a^etSco?, ola Br) ou% virep 
 vkctjs aXXorpLas en, aXX virep crcoTTjpcas otKecas ayco- 
 vi£p\ievoi. kcli evravOa iriirTovat fiev aficpc e^KOvra 
 tcov iraipcov rov AXe^avBpov, tcai TirpcocrKeTai Hcpac- 
 
 CTTLCOV T€ ai/TO? KCLI KotVOS KCLI MeVtSa? ' aXX 6Kpa~ 
 
 rrjere Kal tovtcov AXel;avSpo<;. 
 
 3 Kal tovtcov [lev bcroi Bietjeireaov Slci tcov a/xcf) 
 AXe^avBpov ecpevyov avd Kpdros • AXe£avSpo<; Se 
 eyyu? rjv irpoapl^ai r]Sr] tco Se^Lco Kepaii tcov 7roXe- 
 fiicov. kcli ev tovtco ol SeaaaXoc iirireLS Xa/jLirpcos 
 aycovicrdfievoi ov% vireXetirovro AXe^avSpco rov epyov 
 aXXa yap ecpevyov rjSr) ol diro tov Be^iov Kepco? tcov 
 (3apj3apcov, oirore AXe^avSpos avrols ovvepa^ev, coare 
 airoTpaird/xevos 'AXe^avSpos e? to Slcok€lv avOis Aa- 
 
 4 pelov e^cop/jLycre ' Kal eBlco^ev ears cpdos rjv • kcll ol 
 a/jb(f)c Uapfxevicova to kot avrovs $mokovt6<; elirovTO. 
 aX\a AXe^avBpos puev Stafias rov iroTa/xov rov Avkov 
 KarecTTpaT07re8evaev avrov, ft>? avairavcrai oXtyov row? 
 re av$pa$ Kau tou? Lirirovs. UapfxevLCOv Se to re 
 crrpaToireBov tcov (3ap(3dpcov elXe Kal Ta crKevocpdpa 
 Kau tov? eXecpavTas Kal Ta? Kafir/Xov^. 
 
 5 AXe£av8po<? Be avairavcrai tovs apLCp auTov iirirea? 
 ecrre eirc {juecra^ vvKTas irpov^copei avOis KaTa crirovSrjv 
 err ApftifXa, ft)? Aapelov Te alpr\crcov eKel Kal Ta 
 Xprj/iaTa kol tt)v aXXrjv KaracrKevrjv tt}v $acriXiKr\v. 
 kcll dcpiKeTO et? ApftijXa tt) varepaua, Bico^as roi>? 
 iravras eK tyjs [la^VS crraooov; fiaXicrTa e? e^aKocr tov? . 
 Kai Aapelov /xev ov KaTa\ap,{3avei ev ApftrjXoLS, aXX 
 ecpevyev ovSev tl eXivvcras Aapelov • rd ^pr^iaTa he 
 eyKaTeXr)cj)6ri Kai r\ KaTacrKevr) vrdaa, Kat to dpfia to 
 
AAESANAPOY ANABA212, VII. 24. Yj% 
 
 Aapelov avOi? eyKaTeXr^Orj tcai tj ciairls avOts koli 
 ra to^cl eaXw. 
 
 3 * AireOavov Be twv dfKJ) AXe^avBpov dvBpes /xev e? 6 
 i/cciTOv fiaXi-aia, Ittttol Be etc re rcov rpav/iarcov /cat 
 rr}? KaKOiraOelas t^? ev rrj Bcw^et virep tou<? %iXiovs, 
 teal tovtcov ttjs eTaipitcrjs lirirov a^eBov ri ot rj/juaees. 
 twv /3ap{3apwv Be vetcpwv /xev eXeyovTo e? Tptatcovia 
 fjuvptdSas, eaXwaav Be 7roXv 7r\eLGve<; twv airoOavov- 
 tcov kcll ol eXecfravTes teal twv dpfiaTwv baa fur] tcare- 
 K07T7] ev rr) jJid^T]. 
 
 Touro to reXos rrj ^dyr) ravrrj eyevero ewe ap^ov- 7 
 to? AdrjvaloiS ApL(TTO(f)dvovs /jl7)vo$ Uvavetytwvos • icai 
 ApLcrravhpcp ^wefti) tj /xavreta ev ra> avru> /irjvc ev 
 brat 7] <reXr)vr) etc\iTrr)<; eobavrj tt]V re fJ*a%r)v AXe^av- 
 Bpw koI i7]v vuo]v yeveoOai. 
 
 BOOK VII. 
 
 AXXa yap avra> i]Br) AXetjdvBpw eyyu? rjv to reXos. 2 
 Kai re teat, rolovBe irpo twv pueXXovTwv arjfjbrjvai Xeyeu 
 Apt(TTd/3ov\o5 ' KaTdXo^i^eLv fjuev avTov rrjv (TTpaTiav 
 tt)v %vv HevKeorTct Te etc Tlepawv teal airb OaXdaarj^ 
 %vv <&iXo%evw tcai MevavBpw rjtcovcrav e? ra? Matce- 
 Bovircd? Ttt^et? • Bi'tyrjcravTa Be airo^wprjaai etc ttJ? 
 eBpas tcaTaXiiTovTa eprj/uov tov Opovov tov jBaavXetov. 
 elvai Be tcXivas e/carepwOev tov Opovov apyvpoiroBas, 2 
 e<f) wv oi a/jL<fr avrov eralpoi etcaOrjvTO. twv Ttva 
 ovv rj/jLeXrj/uLevcov avOpwrrwv, ol Be teat twv ev (pvXatcfj 
 aBea/jLw bvra Xeyovaiv, eprjfiov cBovra tov Opovov teal 
 Ta? «A,tj>a?, irepi ra> Opovw Be eo-Trjtcdras toi/? evvov- 
 
174 APPIANOY 
 
 %ol"?, /cat yap /cat, ol eraipoi ^vvavearijaav rco paac- 
 Xet arroyodpovvri, BteXOdvra Sia tcov evvov^cov dva- 
 
 3 /3rjvat re em tov Opovov Kat fcaOe^eaOai. rovs Be ov/c 
 avaarrjaai p,ev avrov etc tov Opovov Kara Br] rcva 
 vofiov UepcTLKov • rrep/pprj^apuevov^ Be rvrrreoQai rd re 
 aTifit] kclI rd irpoacorra cos em pueyaXco /ca/cco ravra 
 G)<; efyyyeXOr) AXe^avBpco, /ceXevaai arpe/3Xco6rjvac tov 
 feadicravra, pn]rrore ef emftovXrjS tjvvTeray/uLevov rovro 
 eSpaae yvcovai eOeXovra. tov Be ovSev aXXo e^eirrelv 
 ore fjbi) em vovv 01 eX0ov ovrco irpd^ai • fj Bq /cal 
 fiaXXov err ovBevi ayaOco ^vpb/3rjvao avrco. ol pbdvreus 
 efjrjyovvTo. 
 
 4 Hpbepai re ov TroXXaL em rovrco eyevovro kcli 
 reOv/ccos tols Oeols Ta? re vopi^opuevas Ovcnas em 
 i^vpcfiopals ayaOaus icai riva? teat, e/c puavrecas evco^ecro 
 afjua Tot? cpcXoLs teal emve rroppco tcov vvktcov. Bov- 
 vai Be Xeyerat Kat rrj orpana tepela Kat olvov Kara 
 Xo'xpvs Kai e/carocrrva^. arro oe tov ttotov avrov 
 pbev airaXXarreaBai eOeXeiv em koctcovl etcriv 01 ave- 
 ypa^rav • MtjBlov Be avrco evrvyovra, twv eratpcov ev 
 rco Tore tov mOavcorarov, Be7]6rjvai /ccopuaaac irapd 
 ol ' yevecrQai yap av rjBvv tov Kwpuov. 
 
 25 Kal al /3aatXecot ecfiypLepiSes coBe eyovcri • iriveiv 
 irapd MrjSlcp avrov Kcopdaavra • eiretra e^avaardvra 
 Kat Xovadpevov /caOevBeiv Te fcac avOts Betirvelv irapa 
 MrjBicp Kal avOis mveiv irdppco tcov vvktcov • airaX- 
 Xa^Oevra Be tov ttotov XovaacrOac • /cat, Xovcrapuevov 
 oXiyov to epcfyayelv kcu fcaOeuSetv avrov, on rjBr] eirv- 
 2 peacrev. eKKOfiiaOevra Be em kXlvt)<$ rrpos ra tepd 
 Qvoai co? vdp,os ecfi exao~Tr) rjfiepa, /cat, ra tepa em- 
 Oevra /caratceccjOai ev tco avBpcavi eare errt, /cvecpas. 
 
AAESANAPOY ANABASIS, VII. 25. 175 
 
 ev tovtw he T06? i)yepi6at irapayyeXXetv virep Tr;? 
 iropetas Kat tov irXov, tou? fiev a)? ireyp iovtcl<; irapa- 
 aKeva^eaOat e? rerdpTrjv rj/jtepav, tovs he ayta ol 
 irXeovTas a><? et? irefxirTrjv irXevaojjtevovs. eKetOev he 3 
 KaTaKOfjaaOrjvaL eirt Trjs kKlvt)^ go? eirt tov iroTafjtov, 
 Kat eirtfiavia irXotov htairXevaat irepav tov iroTa/jtov 
 e? tov irapahetaov, icaicei avOts Xovaajjuevov avairav- 
 eaOat. e? he T-qv vaTepatav XovaaaOat Te avOts Kat 
 Ovaat tu vofja^ofieva • Kat et? Tr\v Kafiapav etaeXOovia 
 KCLTaKelaOaL hiafjtvOoXoyovvTa irpos Mjjhtov • irapay- 
 yetXat he Kal tols rjye/jtoatv airavirjaat ecoOev. tuvtci 4 
 Trpa^avTa hetirvrjaat o\tyov • KOfxtaOevTa he avOts €? 
 TTjv tcafjuapav irvpeaaetv Tihrj £vve%G}<; ttjv vvicTa oXrjv • 
 ttj he vaTepata XovaaaOat Kat Xovaa/xevov Ovaat. 
 Neap^ay he Kat Tot? aXXois Tiyefioat irapayyetXat to- 
 a/Mpi tov irXovv 0770)? eaTai e? TptTrjv 7]/jtepav. tt) he 
 vaTepata XovaaaOat av6i<$ Kat Ovaat tcl TeTayfieva, 
 Kat Ta tepa eirtOevTa ovKeTt eXwvvetv irvpeaaovTa. 
 aXXa Kat w? tov<$ t]yefjbova^ etaKaXeaavra irapayytX- 
 Xetv Ta irpos tov eKirXovv oirws avTO) eaTat eTOt/jta • 
 XovaaaOat Te eirt Ty eairepa, Kat Xovaafievov rjhi] 
 e%etv KaKO)<$. ttj he vaTepata fieTaKO/jLtaOrjvat e? r?}y 5 
 otKtav tt]V irpo? tt) KoXv/jL07]Opa Kat Qvaat fiev TCL 
 TeTayfieva, eyovTa he irov7)pco<; oficos eaKaXeaat twv 
 7]ye/jtovcov tovs eirtKatpoTaTovs Kat virep tov irXov 
 avOts ir a pay yeXXetv. tj~} he eirtovoii /jLoyts eKKO/jttaOrj- 
 vat irpos Ta tepa Kat Ovaat, Kat [Jtiihev fielov €tl 
 irapayyeXXetv virep tov irXov toIs 7]y efioatv. e? he 6 
 tt]v vaTepatav KaKw<$ rjhi) e^ovTa o/ulox; Ovaat Ta re- 
 Tay/xeva. irapayyelkat he tovs /mev aTpaTrjyovs hta- 
 Tptfietv KaTa tt^ avXi]v, ^tXtap^a^ he /col irevTUKO- 
 
176 APP1AN0Y 
 
 criap^aq irpo twv Ovpcov • rjBrj Be iravrdiracn irovtipws 
 €%ovtcl BiaKop,io6r]vai e/c tov irapaBelaov et? ra ftaal- 
 Xeta. eicre\6ovTcov Be twv rjyepovcov yvwvat p,ev av- 
 tovs, (fxovrjaai Be fiTjBev en, aXX elvai avavBov ■ kcli 
 
 T7]V VVKTa 7TVp€(TG€lV KCIKCOS KCLI T7]V 7]{A€paV, KCli T7JV 
 
 oXXtjv vvktci kcli tjjv rjfiepav. 
 26 Oi;t&)? ev Tat? e(f)r}fjL6ptaL rals ySacrtXe/ot? dvayeypa- 
 
 TTTGLl, KUl €7Tt, TOUTOt? Oil OO GTpdTliuTai eTToBlf]GaV 
 
 iBelv avroVy 01 puev, &)? tpsvTa en oBoiev • ol Be', on 
 TeQvr\Kevai tjBt] e^rjyyeXXero, eiviKpviTT^oQai Be avrov 
 eTOTraCpv irpos tcov GcopLCiTocfyvXaKCDV tov Oclvcltov, co? 
 eywye ho/coy • toi/? itoXXovs Be vuo irevdovs kcli iroQov 
 tov /3aGi\ea>s j3ia(rao-6ai iBelv ^AXe^avBpov. tov Be 
 acjxovov fiev elvai Xeyovoi irapanropevoiLevY]^ Tr)<$ GTpa- 
 Tm? • Be^iovaOat Be Q)? e/caaTOvs ttjV re Ke<f>aXr)v 
 eiratpovTa /xoyt? koI tocv o<f)6aXfioiv eirio^fiaivovTa. 
 
 2 XeyovGi Be at e<f>r)pt,epiBe<; at fiacriXeioiy tv tov Xepa- 
 iriBos tco lepa> UetOwvd ie eyKoi/irjOevTa koll AttclXov 
 tcai ArjjjiotyodVTa kcli UevKeGTav, 7rpo? Be KXeopievrjv 
 T€ kul MeviBav teat ^eXevKov, eTrepcorav tov Beov et 
 Xwov Kal afieivov AXe^avBpco et? to lepov tov Oeov 
 KopLLoOevTa kcli LKerevaavra OepairevecrOai irpos tov 
 6eov • kcll yeveodai qbjj/jLrjv Tiva eK tov 6eov jjltj kojxl- 
 ^eaOac £t? to lepov, aXX avTov fxevovTi eoeodai dfieL- 
 
 3 vov. tclvtvl re airayyelXau tovs eraipovs kcll AXe- 
 jjavBpov ov ttoXv varepov airodavetv, cos tovto apa 
 hBr) ov to d/jbeivov. ov iroppco Be tovtcov ol)Te Apt- 
 ctto/SovXg) ovTe TlToXefjuaicp avayeypairiai. ol Be kcli 
 TtiBe dveypa-tyav, epeoOai puev tou? eTtitpovs avrov 
 brtp tjjv ftaaiXeiav airoXeiirei • tov Be viroKptvaaOat 
 
 OTL TO> KpCLTlG7<p * ol Be, TTpOoQelvai IT pQ<$ TOVTO) Tft> 
 
AAESANAPOY ANABA2I2, VII. 26, 28. I77 
 
 Xoyco bit fieyav eTTCTacpcov aycova opa ecf> avTco eao- 
 fjuevov. 
 
 ' EreXevTa fxev Brj AXe%ctvBpo<; rrj reraprr) kcu Be- 28 
 kclti) kcu iiccnocrrr) OXv/xircdBi eiri 'Hyrjaiov ap%ovTo<; 
 AQi]vt]glv ' e/3ico Be Bvo '/cat ipiaKovra err] kcu tov 
 rpirov fjLrjvas eireXaftev oktco, o>? Xeyec Apio~To'l3ovXo<; • 
 efiaatXevcre he BcoBeKa errj kcu tou? oktq) toi/tou? (jlt)- 
 ra?, to re aw/ma kclXXigtos kcu, (f)iXo7rovcoTaTos kcu 
 ofi/Taro? ti)V yvco/JirjV yevo/xevo^ kcll avBpeiOTaros kcu 
 (piXoTi/jLoraTos kcu cpiXoKLvBvvoTCiTOS kcu tov Oeuov eiri- 
 jxeXecTTaTos • rjBovcov Be tcov \xev rov awfiaros eyicpa- 2 
 TecTTaro?, tcov Be 717? yvco/jurjs eiratvov jjlovov ciitX^ctto' 
 toto? • ^vvtBelv Be to Beov ere ev tco acpavel ov 
 BetvoTcnos, kcll ex tcov cpaivofievcov to et/co? %v/jLf3aXelv 
 e7rcTV%eo-TciTos, kcu Tci^ai crTpaTiav kcll ottXictcu Te 
 kcu Koa/jbrjaat Bcuj/jLoveaTciTos • kcu tov Ovfxov Tot? 
 o~TpctTLa)Tcus eirapcu kcu eXiriBcov ayaOcov e{i7rXr}acu 
 kcu to Beljxa ev Tot? klvBvvols tw aBeel tw clvtov 
 acpavLcrcu, ^vpuravTa tclvtci yevvaioTciTos. kcli ovv 3 
 kcu ocra ev tw dtyavel Trpagcu, %vv ixeyioTco Bapaei 
 eirpa^ev • oaa Te cbOdcras vfyapirdcrcu tcov iroXefitcov, 
 irp\v kcll Belaai Tiva avTa a>? ecrdfieva, TrpoXa(Selv 
 BeivoTCLTOS ' kcu tcl \xev %vvT€0evTa tj ofjioXoyrjOevTa 
 <£>vXdj;cu (Bef3aioTaTO^, irpos Be tcov e^airaTcovTcov fxr) 
 dXcovcu aacfiaXecrTaTOs • xprj/bLciTcov Be e? fiev rjBova? 
 tu? avTOv cpeiBcoXoTaTos, e? Be eviroiiav tcov TreXa<i 
 a<p6ovcoTciTO<;. 
 
 12 
 
TIMON, OR THE MISANTHROPE. 
 
 (Text of Dindorf. Tauchnitz.) 
 
 Characters : Timon, Zeus, Hermes, PJutus, Penia, Gnathonides, 
 Philiades, Demeas, Thrasycles. 
 
 i TIM, ' fl Zev (pcXce /cat %evi€ kcll eraipete kcli 
 e<fie(TTL€ fcac acrTepoTTrjra /cat bpicie tcau v€<fieXr)yep€Ta 
 
 Kol epLyBoV7T6 KCU €L Tl 0~6 ClXXo 01 e\X^pOVTT]TOl 7TOC7J- 
 TCLC KaXoUCTL, KCLI fiakiCTTa OTCLV aTTOpCOCTl 7TpO? TCi 
 
 fierpa • rore yap avrols ttoXv^vv/jlo^ ycyvo/xevos vtt€~ 
 pelBets to ttItttov tov fierpou kcli avair\i]pol^ to fce^r}- 
 vo<$ tov pvOfxov ' irov aot vvv r) epicrfMipayos ao~Tpairr) 
 kcli 7] /3apu{3po{jLO$ ftpovTJ) kcu 6 aiOaXoets teat apyr\eis 
 kcli afiepBaXeo^ icepavvos ; airavTa yap TavTa Xrjpos 
 rjBrj avarrrecprjve kcu Kairvos aTe^yw? ttoltjtlkos e^co 
 tov iraTayov twv ovofiarwv. to Be uolBl/jlo'v gov kcli 
 €kt]{3oXov birXov kcli, irpo-^eLpov ovk olB' birws re\e<y? 
 airio-^rj kcu, ^jrv^pov eo~Ti jult}$€ oXiyov <J7TLV0rjpa opyrj^ 
 2 KdTa tcov aSiKOWTcov Bca<pvXaTTOv. Oclttov yovv TWV 
 eiTLopKelv Tt? emyeipovvT(jdV eoiXov OpvdXXiha <f)o/3r)- 
 6et7] av 7] T7]v tov TravBafjuaTopos Kepavvov cpXoya • 
 ovtco BaXov Tiva eiravaTeivecrOai So/cet? avTols, g>? irvp 
 p,ev 7] kclttvov air avTov fjbj) BeBLevai, jllovov Be tovto 
 oueaOat aTroXavcretv tov TpavfJuaTos, oti avairXrjO'Or]- 
 crovTai t?;? aaftoXov. coctte rjBrj Boa tovtu croc tcau 
 o %a\/jLG)vev$ avTiftpovTCLV eToXp,a, ov iravTir) airiOavos 
 oyv, irpos ovtco yjrv^pop tj)v 6pyr)v Aicu 6epp,ovpyos 
 
V. TIMON 1-4. 179 
 
 dvrjp pbeyaXav^ovfjievo^. 7rco? yap ; birov ye KaOdirep 
 vtto /jLdvSpayopa KaOevheis, b? ovre rcov erriopKovvrayv 
 aKoveis ovre rovs ahiKovvras eiriaKOirel^, Xrj/jia<; he 
 kcu a/upXvcorrecs TTpos Ttt yiyvopueva Kai ra cora e/c- 
 KeKW(f)7](Tai KaOdirep ol TraprjfirjKores. eirel veos ye 3 
 ere Kai o%v9v(jlos cov /cat a/c/bbaios ttjv opyrjv iroXXa 
 Kara rwv uSikcdv Kai fiiaicov eiroiei^ teat ovheirore fjyes 
 rore irpo? avrovs eKeyeipiav, akX aei evepyos iravrcos 
 6 tcepavvos r)v Kai rj aiyis eTreaeiero Kai r) /3povri) 
 eirarayelro Kai r) aorrpaTrr) awe^es coairep et? aicpo- 
 j36\io-/j,ov TrporjKovri^ero • oi creia/xoi Be KoaKivrjhov 
 Kai, 7] yiwv acopr]8ov Kai rj %aXa£a irerprjhov ' Kai Iva 
 o~oi cf)opTi,KG)<; SiaXeycofiai, veroi re payhaloi koc /3iaioi, 
 irorafios eKacTTT] oraywv ■ coare rrjXiKavrr) ev aKapei 
 %povov vavayia eiri rov AevKaXiwvos eyevero, &)? vtto- 
 /3pv%icov diravrcov KaraSeSvKorwv fioyis ev ri Ki$d>riov 
 TrepiawOrjvai irpocroKelXav ra> AvKcope? tpirvpov ri rov 
 avOpcowLvov airepfxaTo^ Biacj)v\drrov et<? erriyovrjv KaKcas 
 fiei^ovos. roiyaproi aKoXovOa rrjs paOvpiias raTTi^eipa 4 
 KOfjLi^r/ Trap avrcov, ovre Ovovros ere aoi rivos ovre 
 cre(pavovvro<;, ei /ultj t£? apa irapepyov OXv/jiTri(ov, Kai 
 ovros ov rcavv avayKaia iroieiv ookgov, aXX et? ec/o? 
 ri apyalov o'vvreXwv • Kai /mer oXiyov Kpovov o~e, co 
 Oewv yevvaiorare, dnofyavovai Trapfoo-dfievoi rrj<; rifir}^. 
 eco Xeyeiv TrocraKis rjSrj o~ov rov vecov o~eovXr}Kaaiv • 
 01 he Kai avru) ctol ra? ^etpa^ OXvfiTriacriv eTTi(Be(3Xr}- 
 Kaai, Kai o~v v^ri(3pefjier7]^ coKvr/cra^ rj avaarrjaai 
 row; Kwa<; r) tou? yeirova^ eTriKaXecraaOai, co? f3orj- 
 hpofiriaavre^ avrovs avXXa(3oiev en avcrKeua^o/jLevovs 
 TTyoo? rrjv (f)vyrjv ' aXX 6 yevvaios Kai TiyavroXercop 
 Kai TiravoKparcop eKaOrjao tou? irXoKa/jiovs irepiKeipo- 
 
180 AOYKIANOY 
 
 fievos V7r clvtwv, beKairriyyv Kepavvov eyoav ev ry begia. 
 Tavra toivvv, co Oavfiaate, nrrjviKa iravaeTai ovtcos 
 dpieXws TTCLpopcQ/JLeva ; rj irore koXcigt) tt\v ToaavTrjv 
 dSiKiav ; itogoi <fcae6ovTe<z rj AevxaXiwves l/cavol irpos 
 
 5 ovtcos virepavrXov v(3piv tov ftiov ; iva jap to Koiva 
 eacra? ra/jia eiTrco^ togoviovs AOrjvaicov et? vyfros apas 
 
 KOI TrXoVClOVS €/C 7T€V6(TTaT(OV a7T0(f)T}Va<; KOI TTCiGl TOt? 
 
 Beofie'vois eTriKovpr]aas, fiiiXXov he aOpoov eis evepye- 
 ciav tcov (piXcov e«^ea? tov ttXovtov, eireihr] irevrjs 
 Bta ravra eyevopnjv, ovkstl ovhe yvco pi^o/jiai 7rpo<z av- 
 T(ov ovhe Trpoo-ftXeirovGiv 01 Tew? vir ott tt] a a ovres Kai 
 irpocncvvovvres kcik tov e/xof vevpuaios airrjpTripLevoi, 
 aU r\v 7tov Kal 6hu> ftahifov evrv^co tivi avrwv, 
 IdGirep riva gtj]Xt]v iraXaiov veKpov vTTTiav vito tov 
 ypovov dvaTeTpajJLjuevrjv nrapepyovTai pirjhe avayvovTe<s, 
 61 he Kal iroppwOev ihdvTes eTepav eicTpeirovTai ovaav- 
 T7)tov /ecu diroTpoiraiov dea/ia otyeoQai vTroXafxftavovTes 
 tov ov Trpo ttoXXov acjTrjpa Kai evepyeT7)v avTwv 
 
 6 yeyevrj fievov. coGTe viro tcov KaKccv eiri TavTrjv tt\v 
 ecryaTidv Tpairopievos evayjra/jLevos hi,<f)6epav epya^opuai 
 tt)V yrjv vtto/jugOos oj3oXcov T€TTapcov, tt) eprjfjuq Kai 
 T7) hiKeXXrj 7rpocr(f)i\ocro(f)GJV. evTavOa tovto yovv /not 
 Bokco Kephavelv, firjKeTi b^recrOaL ttoXXovs irapa ttjv 
 d^iav ev irpciTTOVTas • aviapoTaTov yap tovto ye. 
 77877 TTOTe ovv, o) Kpdvov Kai 'Peas vie, tov fiaOvv 
 tovtov vttvov anroGeiGapuevos Kai vrjhvfiov — virep tov 
 'ETTi/mevihrjV yap KeKoifirjGai — Kai avappiiriGas tov 
 Kepavvov r) Ik tt}<; Oitt)<; evavaafjuevos /neyaXyv Troir]- 
 cra? Trjv $\6ya eirtSel^ato Tiva ^oXtjv avSpooSovs Kai 
 veaviKov Aio<z, ei /nr) a\r)6r} eo~Ti ra vito KprjTcov irepi 
 gov Kal t^? eK€i Tacfrrjs fjLvOoXoyovfxeva, 
 
V. TIMQN 4-8. 181 
 
 ZET'S. TV? ol>to? eciTiVy w 'Epfirj, 6 Ke/cpaycDS 7 
 
 €K TtJ? 'ATTLfcfjs TTCLpCL TOV 'TfirjTTOV €V TJ) VTTCOpeLCL 
 
 irivapos bXos kcli av-^/xcov kcll v7ro$L(f>6epos ; cricairTei 
 Be oifiai e7riK€KV(jxD<z • XaXos avOpcoiro^ kcll Opaavs. 
 rj 7rov <f)i\o<ro(fx)$ ecrriv ' ou yap av ovtcos aae/3el<; 
 rovs Xoyovs 8ie%y€L kcl6 rjfxcov. 
 
 EPM. Tl <£#?, a> irdrep ; dyvoels Ti/jL(ova tov 
 E^etcpaTtSov tov KoWvrea ; ovtos eartv 6 iroXXaKis 
 7]ixd^ fcaO tepcov TeXeLcov ecmaaas, o veoirXovTos, o ra<z 
 oXas e/ca-To/^/3<x?, Trap' gj Xaparpw^ eoprd^etv eLcoOefiev 
 ra Atdaca. 
 
 ZET2. <&ev ttJ? aXXayrjs * 6 fca\b$ e^e^o?, o 
 ttXovctlos, irepi bv ol togovtol <J)lXol ; tl iraOwv tolov- 
 to? €Cttlv ; av^firjpo^^ clOXlos kol GKairavevs kcli jjll- 
 (t6wto$, &>? eoLKev, ovtcd fiapelav KaTacpe'pcov ttjv BlkcX- 
 Xav. 
 
 EPM. OuTcoal fiev eLirelv^ -^p7]o-t6t7]<; enreTpL^ev 8 
 avTOv kcll <f)LXav6pcoiTLa kcll 6 7T£>o? tou? Beop,evov$ 
 airavTas o'lktos, gj? Be aXrjOel Xoycp, dvoia kcll evr]6eLa 
 
 KCIL CLKpLGLCL TTepl TCOV (plXcDV, O? OV (JVVieL KOpCt^L KCLL 
 
 Xvkols yapCCpixevo^^ aXX vtto yviroiv toctovtcov o kcl- 
 KoSaL/icov KeLpofxevos to ryrrap <pLXov$ eivaL clvtovs kcll 
 
 eTCLLpOVS Q)€TOy V7T evVOLO. 1 ? Try? 7T/90? CLVTOV yOLLpOVTCL<i 
 
 tt) ftopa • ol Be tcl octtcl yvp,vdo-avT€S aKpLj3co<; kcll 
 irepLTpayovTes, cl Be rt? kcll /uveXos evrjv, eKfiv^rjcravTes 
 kcll tovtov ev fiaXa eiTLpLeXw*;, wyovTO avov clvtov kcll 
 Ta? /5*£a? vTTOTeT/jLrj/jLevov a7ro\i7roVre?, ovBe yvcopl&VTes 
 eTL ovBe 7rpoo-(3XeTrovTe<; — nroOev yap ; — rj eirLicov- 
 povvTes t] €7TLBLBdvTe<i ev T(p jJuepeL. Blcl tclvtcl BlkcX- 
 Xltt)(; kcll BufidepLcis, <w? opa?, diroXLTrcov vtt alaxvvr]? 
 to clctv jJLLQ~6ov yecopyel fxeXayyoXwv toIs «:a«;ot?, qtl 
 
182 AOYKIANOY 
 
 oi ttXovtovvt€<; Trap avrov fjuaXa vTrepoTTTLKws irapep- 
 yovTai ovBe Tovvopua, ei Ti/jlcou koXoIto, eiBores. 
 9 ZETX. Kal fjLTjv ov Trapoirreos dvijp ovBe apLeXrj- 
 Teo? • eiKoroos jap r)yavaK7€i BvaTv^cov • eirel Kal 
 ofioia 7roi7]cro{jL6v tols KarapaTOLS KoXagtv eKetvoLS cttl- 
 \e\y](Jixevoi avBpos Toaavra fiTjpta ravpcov re Kal alywv 
 TTtoTara KavaavTos tqplv eirt tu>v j3co{iG)v • ere yovv ev 
 rat? piai ttjv Kvlaav avrcov e^co. ttXtjv vtt aa^oXia^ 
 
 T€ Kat 0OpUj3oV TToXXoV TCt)V 67T 10 p KOVVT (OV Kai fiia^O- 
 
 fievcov koI dpira^ourcov, en Be icai (f)o/3ov tov irapa 
 T(ov lepoavXouvrcov — ttoXXoc yap ovtol Kat Bva(f>v- 
 XatcToi kol ovoe eir oXiyov KarapLvcraL Tjptv ecpiaat — 
 ttoXvv 7]8t] %p6vov ovBe aTre(BXe-^ra e? tjjv Attlk7jv, 
 Kat, fjuaXtara e% ov (piXoao^ca Kal Xoyoyv eptBes eire- 
 iroXaaav avrols • payopev(ov yap Trpos aXXiqXovs kol 
 K€KpayoTcov ovoe eiraKOvetv earc t(ov evyjiov • coare i) 
 €7TL/3vo-afjL€vov yjpt) To. (bra KaOr}a0aL 7] eTTLTpL^rtvai 
 Trpos avTwv, ap€TT\v nva Kat aacopara Kal Xripov? 
 fieyaXy tt) (jxovfj avveipovrcov. Bia ravra rot kol 
 tovtov afjLeXrjdrjpaL awe/37] irpos 7]p,(ov ov (fiavXov ovra. 
 10 6//,&>? Be tov JJXovtov, cu 'EpfiT], irapaXafBoyv clttlOl 
 irap avrov Kara Ta^o? • ayera) Be 6 JTXoi/to? kcll 
 tov ©rjaavpov fied avrov Kal fievercoaav cepuefxo irapa 
 tu> Tuxcdvt fjL7]Be aTraXXarreaOcoaav ovrco paBicos, kclv 
 otl fiaXtara vtto ^pTjcrrorTjro^ avuts ckoicokt] avTovs 
 t^? OLKtas. irepL Be twv KoXaKoav eKetvcov Kat t^? 
 ayapLGTLas, rjv eweBet^avTO tt^o? avrov, Kat avOts ptev 
 aKeyjropbaL Kal Blktjv Bcdgovglv, eireiBav tov Kepavvov 
 eiTLo~K€vao-(0 ' KaTeayp,evaL yap avrov Kal a7rearo/xco- 
 fievai eial Bvo aicrlve^ al jieyLO~TaL, oirore (pLXoTLfiore- 
 pov 7]K0VTLoa irpcpQv eirc tov cro<j)LO'T7]v 'Ava^ayopav, 
 
V. T1M&N 8-13. 183 
 
 b? eireiOe tou? 6/JiiXr)Td$ /jLrjhe oXcos elvai rjfias tou? 
 Oeous. d\A,' eKeivov (lev Si^fiaprov, — virepecr^e yap 
 avrov rr\v xelpa IlepLKXrj^ — 6 he Kepavvos e? to 
 Avcuceiov Trapaartcrj'^ras eKelvo re KarecpXe^e /ecu avros 
 oXiyov heiv Gwerpi^t] rrepi rfi rrerpa. 7rXrjv iKavrj 
 ev Toaovro) /ecu avrt] rificopia earai avrots, ei vrrep- 
 
 7r\0VT0VVTCt T0V TtfACDVCt OpCOGlV. 
 
 EPM. Olov 7]v to fieya KeKpayevai real o^Xrjpov n 
 elvai Kai Opacrvv. ov rois SiKaioXoyovai {iovols, aXXci 
 Kai rots ev^o/ie'vois rovro ^pr\aiiiov ' l ^°V 7 6 ' T0L av " 
 ri/ca fxaXa rrXovaios etc rrevecrrarov Karaarrjcrerai 6 
 Tifxcov /3o7j<ra? Kai 7rappr]o-iao~a/JLevo<; ev rrj ev^rj Kai 
 eirio'Tpe^a^ tov Aia • ei he cncoirrj eaKairrev erriKeKV- 
 <£to?, en av ea/caTTTev afieXov/ievo^. 
 
 IIAOTT. AXX eyco ov/c av a7reX0oifii, co Zev, 
 irap avrov. 
 
 ZETX. Ata tl, co apicrre TlXovre, real ravra e/xov 
 KeXevcravros ; 
 
 IIAOTT. ' Otl vtj Ala v/3pi%ev et? epue Kai e^ecpo- 12 
 pet Kai e? rroXXa, Kare/xepi^e Kai Tavra rrarpcoov ai)- 
 Tto <£>i\ov bvra, koi puovovovyi hiKpavois e^ecoOei /me 
 rrjs oiKias KaOarrep ol to rrvp eK rcov yeipwv dirop- 
 piirrovvres, av6is ovv arreXOco rrapaoirois Kai KoXa^i 
 Kai eraipais rrapahoO^crofxevo^ ; err eKelvovs, to Zev, 
 Trepure fie tovs aia07]crofievov^ t?5? Stopea?, tou? rrepie- 
 tyovraS) oh ti/jUOs eyco Kai ireparoOriTOS • ovroi Be 01 
 Xapoi rr) rrevia crvvecTTCOcrav, r\v rrporifjucoo'iv ijficov, Kai 
 SicpOepav Trap avrrjs Xa/3ovres Kai hiKeXXav dyanrdrco- 
 aav aOXioi rerrapas o/SoXovs arrofyepovres, ol heKara- 
 Xavrovs Scopeas apueXrjri irpoiefxevoi. 
 
 ZET%. Ovhev en roiovrov 6 Tifxcov epydaerai 13 
 
184 AOYKIANOY 
 
 irepi ere • iravv ydp amov rj BixeXXa TreTraiBaycoyrjKev, 
 ei /ultj iraviairaeriv avaXyr]To$ ecrrt ttjv oo~<pvv, &>? XPW 
 ere uvtl t>5? irevias TrpoaipelcrOai. erv pievToi iravv 
 ixefx-^ri/jbotpo^ elvai /jlol cWet?, b? zw fiev tov Ti/mcova 
 aiTia, Blotl croi ra<z Ovpas avaireraaas rj^iei irepivo- 
 (TT€iv eXevdepcos ovre airoKXeioiv ovre tyjXoTVirwv • 
 aXXoTe Be TovvavTiov rjyava/creis Kara tgov ttXovgicov 
 KaraiceicXelcrOai Xeycov nrpos avrcov viro (ao^XoIs icai 
 fcXeicrl Kai cnj/ieLcov e7ri{3oXa2s, ok fiyBe nrapaKv^rai 
 eroi e? to epeos ovvajov eivai. ravra yovv uTrwovpov 
 irpos fie airoirviyecrOai Xeycov ev iroXXco tw o~kotco • 
 Kai Bia tovto compos i)/nlv ecpaivov Kai cppovTiBos ava- 
 77\\,ea)?, avveairaKco^ tovs Ba/cruXovs 7rpo? to eOos tcov 
 Xoyiapiwv Kai anroBpdaecrOai aireiXcov, ei Kaipov Xaftoio, 
 Trap avTcov • Kai oXco?, to irpay\ia virepBeivov eBoKei 
 aoi, ev yaX/ccp rj criBrjpco tm OaXapup KaOairep ttjv 
 Aav(i7]v irapOevevecrOai vir aKpif3eai Kai ira/jarov^poi^; 
 Trail) ay coy ois avaTpecpojmevov, tco Tokco Kai tw AoyierpLca. 
 14 cLTOira yovv iroielv ecfiaaKes avTOvs epwvTas fiev et? 
 i>7rep(3oXr)v, effov Be awoXaveiv ov ToX/zaWa?, ovBe eir 
 aoeias ypcofjievovs tco epcoTi Kvpiovs ye ovTas, aXXa 
 (pvXaTTeiv eyprjyopoTas, e? to arnAelov fca\ tov fio^Xov 
 aafcapSafxvfCTl /3Xe7rozrra?, i/cavr)v anroXavaiv oiofievovs 
 ov to avTov? airoXaveiv eyeiv, aXXa to jmrjBevl fxeTa- 
 BiBovai ttJ? airoXavaecds, KaOairep tt}?; ev ttj (paTvp 
 Kwa fJL7)Te avTrjv eaOlovcrav tgov KpiOcov ixrjie too iirirco 
 iretvcovTi eiriTpeiTOvaav. fcai irpoaeTi ye Kai KaTeye- 
 Xa? avTcov epeiBofievcov Kai (pvXaTTovTcov Kai, to Kaivo- 
 TaTOV avTovs tyjXoTVTrovvTCDV, ayvoovvTwv he co? «raTa- 
 paTO<$ oiKeTrjs r] oiKovofio? ireBoTpi-^r vireiaiwv Xa6paia)<$ 
 efiTrapoLvrjcret tov KaKooai/.tova Kai avepao~Tov oecnroTrjv 
 
V. TIMQN 13-18. 1§5 
 
 TTyOO? CLfXaVpOV 11 KCLl pblKpOCTTOpOV Xv^VlSlOV KCLl Sltya- 
 
 Xeov OpvaXXiSiov eiraypvirvelv eacras T0Z9 tokois. 7rw<? 
 ovv ovk aSi/ca ravra, nraXai pev etceiva ainaaOai, vvv 
 he tco Tipicovi ra evavTia eiriKaXelv ; 
 
 TIAOTT. Kai pLTjv el ye TaX7)0e<$ e^erd^ots, dpcpco 15 
 croi evXoya So^co iroielv • tov re yap Tipcovo? to nrdvv 
 tovto aveipevov apeXes Kai ovk cvvoikov o><? irpos epe 
 ei/coTcos av Sokoit), tovs re av /caraKXecarov ev 6vpai$ 
 kcli a/coTw (pvXarrovTas, ottcds avrois ira^yjepo^ yevoi- 
 fiTjv kcli irip.eX'i]^ Kai virepoyKos eiripLeXovpbevovs, ovre 
 TrpocrairTopevovs avTOvs ovre e? to (f>co<; Trpodyovras, 
 to? fjurjSe o(f)0ei7)V wpos tivos, avoryrovs evopi^ov elvai 
 Kai v/3pio-ras, ovSev aSiKovvrd pie vtto toctovtoi? Secrpois 
 KaTaar)7rovTa<;, ovk eiBoras &>? puera puiKpov diriaaiv 
 aUw rivi tcov evSaipiovcov pie KaraXiTrovres. ovt ovv 16 
 €Kelvov<; ovre tou? irdvv irpo^eipovs et? epe tovtovs 
 eiraivco^ aXXa tou9, oirep apioTOv eo~ri, perpov eiriur]- 
 <jovra<; tco wpaypari Kai pyre acpeZop,evovs to irapd- 
 
 irav pr\Te Trporjcropevov? to oXov ravra Kaln 
 
 avros ayavaKTco rrpos evicov pev aripco<; XaKTi^opevos 
 Kai XacpvTTopevos Kai e^avrXovpevo^, vir eviwv Be 
 coairep trnypaTias Bpa7rerr)^ rreirehrjpevo^. 
 
 ZET%. Ti ovv ayavaKTels Kar avTcov ; SiBoaai 18 
 yap apbcfxt) KaXrjv tjjv Siktjv 01 piev cocrirep 6 TavraXos 
 aizoToi Kai ayevo~Toi Kai grjpoi to aropia, eiriKe-^vore^ 
 povov tg) xpvcriw, 01 Se KaOdirep 6 <Pivevs airb rrj? 
 cpapvyyos tjjv Tpocprjv vtto tcov Apirvicov acpaipovpevoi. 
 aXX airiQi r/Sr/ crcocfipoveaTepcp irapa nroXv tco Tipicovi 
 €VTev%6pevo<i. 
 
 IIAOTT. Ek€ivo$ yap iroTe TTavcrerai coairep etc 
 Kocpivov TeTpvirrpxevov, nrpiv oAax? eicrpvrjvai pie, Kara 
 
186 AOYKIANOY 
 
 gttovBt]v e^avTXwv, cf>0dcrcu f3ov\o/JL€vos rrjv einpporjv, 
 jiT) virepavTKos iGTreocov eiriKXvoco avTov ; cogt€ e? 
 tov tcov Aava'CBcov itiOov vBpoc^opiiaeiv fxoi Bokco kclI 
 /ubarrjv eTravrXrjaecv, tov kvtovs [ati areyovTOS, aXXa 
 nrpiv etapvrjvcu, GyeBov €fc%v6r)ao/jL€Vov tov eirippeov- 
 tos ' ovtcos evpvrepov to irpos ttjv eicyyGiv fceyrfvos 
 
 TOV TTtOoV KCLI CLKCoXVTO<$ 7] €^oBo<;. 
 
 19 ZET%. Ov/COVV €t fjLT] €/jL(f>pa%€Tai TO KeyTJVOS TOVTO 
 
 kcu e? to cnra% avcnreTTTap,evov, etcyyOevTOS ev /3payel 
 gov paBicos evpr\Gei ttjv BicpOepav avOis kcli tt\v BlfceX- 
 ~kav ev Ty Tpvyc tov ttlOov. aX\ diriTe 7]8rj teat 
 
 7rX0VTL^€T€ OVTOV ' GV Be fJLe/JLVTJGO, CO ^EpfJLTj, eTTCLVLCOV 
 
 irpos 7]fjLas ayeiv tovs KvkXcoitcis etc ttjs Altvtis, ottcos 
 tov Kepavvov afcovrjaavTes eiriGKevaGcoGiv • co? rjBr) ye 
 TeOrjy /xevov avTOv Be7]Go/jLe0a. 
 
 20 EPM. npotcofjLev, co FLXovTe. tc tovto ; viroGicd- 
 £et? ; eXeXr]0et<; fie, cb yevvaBa, ov TV<frXo<; fiovov, aXXa 
 
 KCLl ^GOAO? cov. 
 
 IIAOTT, Ov/c ael tovto, co ^Epixr), aXX ottotclv 
 fiev cnrico irapd Tiva 7re/xcj>0el^ viro tov ,Aiq<$, ovk olB 
 oVco? fipaBvs eipui /cac ycoXos afxcpoTepois, co? /xoXi? 
 TeXeiv eiri to Tepfia, TTpoyrfpaaavTo^ eviOTe tov wepi- 
 fievovTOs, ottotclv Be air aXXdrTeaOau Bey, ttttjvov ot/ret, 
 iroXv tcov oveipcov coKVTepov • a/xa yovv erreoev tj 
 VGirXTiy^, icayco 7]Brj avaKr)pvrTO\xai veviK7]Kco<i t virep- 
 iTTiBriGas to gtciBlov ovBe lBovtcov eviOTe tcov OeaTcov. 
 
 EPM. Ov/c aXr)6ri tclvtci ^77? • ty co Be toi itoX- 
 Xof? av elirelv eyotfil goi %#e? fiev ovBe o/3oXov, coGTe 
 TrpiaoQai ftpoyov, eGyTiKOTcis, a<fivco Be Tr^xepov ttXov- 
 g'lqvs /cat TToXvreXels ein XevKOv ^evyov^ etjeXavvovTas, 
 oh ovBe kclv ovos virfjptje ircoiroTe • teat 6/u,cos 7ropcpvpol 
 
V. TIMQN 18-23. 187 
 
 /ecu , %P V(T0 X eL P e< s 7T£pt<€pX ovrai ov & avrob TTiGTevovTes, 
 olfACLi, ore fin) ovap irXovTovacv. 
 
 IIAOTT. 'Erepolov tovt ecrrlv, co 'Epfirj, feat ov)(i 21 
 toZ? efjLdVTOv ttogl /3aBc^o) Tore, ovBe o Zeus, aXX o 
 UXovtcdv airoaTeXXeL fie Trap avTOV? are ttXovtoBottjs 
 teat, /ueyaXoBcopos /cat cwtos cjv • Br/Xol yovv kcll tcd 
 ovojjlcltl. eiretBav toivvv fieTOLKioOrjvao Bey fie Trap 
 erepov irpos erepov, e? BeXTov epfiaXovTes fie Kau Kara- 
 ar]fi7]vafievoi eTTifieX^ (f)opaBr]v apafievoc fieTaicofii'Cpvcri ' 
 Kai 6 fiev vetcpos ev aKoreuvcp ttov tj}? ouKtas Trpo/ceL- 
 rai virep ra yovara TraXaia rjj oOovrj afceirofievos, 
 TTepifiayrfTOS rah yaXals, efie Be ol eireXTrtcravTe^ ev 
 ttj dyopa irepifievovai k€%7]vot€S coenrep ti]v ^eXiBdva 
 TTpoGTreTOfievrjV rerpcyore^ ol veorrot. eireiBav he to 22 
 crrjfielov a(f>aipe6r} tcac to Xlvov evTfjLyOy tcac i) 8eXro<z 
 avoiyQr} Kac avaicqpvyOr] fiov o Kaivos Beo~TroTrj<$ ijtol 
 o~vyyevr)<s Tt? r\ /coXa£ f) KaTairvycov OLfceTrjs e/c TraiBtKwv 
 Tifiios, vTre^vpriiJLevos en ttjv yvdOov, uvtI ttolklXwv tcau 
 iravToBaTrcov tjBovqiv^ a? rjBrj etjeopos hv VTrrfpeTrfcrev av- 
 tci), fieya to ficaOcofia o yevvalos wjroXafiwv, eicelvos 
 fiev, octtis av fj 7roTe, dpiracrafievos fie avrf) heXrw Qei 
 cfrepcov avTL tov Tew? TIvpptGV r) Apofiwvos rj Tifilov 
 MeyafcXfjs r] WLeyaftv^os i] Tlpwrapyo^ fierovofiao-QeLs, 
 tov? [iaTr}V neyrfVQTas eKeivov^ et? aXXr\kov^ diroftXe- 
 Trovras /caTaXcTrcov aXr}6e<$ ayovras to irevOos, oios 
 avTovs o Ovvvos ex fivyov tt}? aayr\vr]^ Bcecpvyev ov/c 
 oXuyov to BeXeap KaraTnoiv. 6 Be efiireawv aOpdos ez? 23 
 efie aTrecpofcaXo? Kac Tra-^vBepfios avOpcoiros, eTi ttjv 
 TreBrfv TrecppiKa) 1 ? icai. eo Trapicov fiao~Ti£ete Tt?. opOtov 
 ecpLcrTas to ou? zeal tov fivXwva ojenrep to * AvdtcTopov 
 TrpocrKvvcov oviceTi (fropTfTo's eo"T(. Tot? evTvyyavovGiv^ 
 
188 AOYKIANOY 
 
 aXXa rof? Te eXevOe'povs vftpi^ei, kclI tovs o/jlo&ovXow; 
 fiacTTiyoi airoTreipwjAevos ei /cat avroj ra rocavra e£e- 
 
 GTIV, CL^pi CIV 7] 6? TTOpVbhiOV Ti 6/JL7T€Cr(OV 7] LTTTTOT pO- 
 
 <fcia$ t7ri6v/jLijcra<; y KoXa^u irapahovs eaviov op.vvovaiv 
 rj fArjv €v/jiop(f)OTepov fiev Ntpecos elvai clvtov, evyeve- 
 OTepov Be tov Ketcpoiros; i) Kohpov, avveroirepov Se rov 
 OSuaaect)^, ttXovo Lcorepov Se avvapua Kpocacov eiacai- 
 Se/ca, ev d/capec tov ypovov aftXios eKyet) ra kclt 
 oXtyov etc iroXXwv eiriopKiwv km aprraycDv nai iravovp- 
 ytwv GweiXeypieva. 
 
 24 EPM. Avrci ttov cr%ehov cj)r)<; ra yiyvopueva • otto- 
 rav S' ovv avToirov^ {3a8t£r]<;, 7rcos outoj rv(j)Xo<; cov 
 evpio-fceis tj)v ohov ; 7] 7ro)? BLayiyvcoaKeis ecf) ob$ av 
 
 ae 6 Zevs diroa-TebXr) Kpiva% elvai rov irXovrelv 
 
 it./ 
 
 agtov? ; 
 
 JJAOTT. Ooei yap evplcrtceiv fie otTives eicn ; fia 
 tov A i,a ov ttcivv ■ ov yap av ApicrTecBrjv KaTaXtTrcov 
 Ittttovlkw /cal KaXXia irpoayecv nai 7roXXo2<i aXXocs 
 Adrjvatcov ovSe offoXov a^cots. 
 
 EPM. UXyv aXXa tl irpciTTeis KaTairefK^dei^ ; 
 
 IIAOTT. Avco Kat kutco TrXavcofiao Trepivoo-Twv, 
 
 CUXpl CLV Xa0(O Tiv\ €fl7T€CT(DV * 6 (>€, OGTIS av TTpCDTO? 
 
 fjLOL Trepiruyr)^ airayaycov Trap avTOv e^et, ae tov 
 Epfirjv eiri Tea irapaXoycp tov /cepSovs 7rpoo~KWCov. 
 
 25 EPM. Ovkovv e^TiirarrfTat 6 Zevs OLOfievos ae 
 Kara to avTU) Sokovv irXovTL^eiv baovs av oiiiTai tov 
 irXovTelv a^iovs ; 
 
 IIAOTT. Kal fiaXa BiKacco<;, coyaOe, 6? ye TV(f>Xov 
 ovTa ecScos errepirev civafyTrjcrovTa Svcrevperov ovrco 
 Xprj/xa Kal rrpo 7roX\ov eKXeXoLrros e/c tov /Blov, oirep 
 ovt) 6 AvyKeus civ e^evpoc paSlcos, dp^avpov ovtco koc 
 
V. TIMQN 23-27. \$Q 
 
 (AiKpov bv. rotyapovv are rwv fiev ayaQwv oXiycov 
 ovtcdv, Trovrjpwv he irXetGrcov ev tcu? iroXeGi to ttolv 
 eireyovTwv, paov e? rov<; toloutov? epariirrco irepucov 
 
 \ / \ J r. 
 
 teat Gayrjvevo/xat 7rpo? avrcov. 
 
 EPM. Elra 7TW9, erreihav icai aXirrrjS avrovs, pa- 
 cW? (f>evyei$ ovk etSo)? rr)v ohov ; 
 
 IIAOTT. 0%vhepKr)$ Tore 7ra>? Kal dprnrov? yiyvo- 
 
 flCU TTpOS fJLOVOV TOV KdipOV TTjS c/>l"y?J?. 
 
 EPM. 'En St] flOi KCLl TOVTO dlTOKpivai, 77 CO? 26 
 
 tu0X,o? cW, eipr\Gerai yap, Kal rrpoGeri co^po? Kal 
 fiapvs etc rolv GKeXolv togoviovs epaorras €%€£?, cocrre 
 rrdvras arroftXerreiv e? ere, Kal rvyovras piev evhaijjLO- 
 velv oiecrOaL, ei he airorv^oiev, ovk. aveyeo~6ai t,wvras ; 
 ouha yovv rivas ovk oXiyovs avrwv ovrco orov hvGepco- 
 Ta? ovras, 6)Gre Kal e? (3a6vKrjrea nrovrov fyepovre? 
 epptijrav avrovs kol rrerpcov Kar rjXiftdrcov virepopa- 
 cQat vo/jLi^ovres vtto gov, ortirep ovhe rr)v apyi)v ewpa<$ 
 avrovs. 7rXr)v aXXa Kai ov av ev olha on 6/jLoXoyr)- 
 Geias, et, n GWirjs Gavrov, KOpvftavnav avrovs epco- 
 fieva) rotovrqy €7TL/jie/x7]vora<;. 
 
 IIAOTT. Olei yap roiovrov olos eipn opaadat 27 
 avrols, ^coXov 7] rv<pXov r/ baa aXXa fiou irpoaeGTiv ; 
 
 EPM. 'AXXa ttcu?, d) UXovre, eu fir) rvcf>Xol Kai 
 avroL rravre^ eiGiv ; 
 
 IIAOTT. Ov tv<J>XoI, a> apiGre, aXX r) ayvoia 
 Kau 7] airarrj^ airrep vvv KareyovGi ra rravra, erriGKta- 
 tpvGiv avrovs • en Be Kai auTO?, w? fir) iravrairaGtv 
 a/biopefros elrjv, nrpoGwirelov re epaGfiioorarov rrepidepbevos, 
 hidy^pvGov Kal XlOokoXXtjtov, Kal rroiKiXa evhvs ev- 
 rvyyavui avrols • ol Be avroTTpoGwrrov oiofxevoi opav 
 ro KaXXos epcoGL.Kal diroXXwrai p>ri rvy^dvovre^. a>? 
 
190 AOYKTANOY 
 
 et ye 77,9 aureus oXov airoyvpLVoocras eireoei^e fie, orjXov 
 ft)? KareyiyvcoaKtiv av clvtcov apb^Xvoorrovre^ ra rrjXi- 
 Kavra teal epwvres dvepdarcov Kai a/jLopcjxov it pay pbdi wv . 
 
 28 EPM. Ti ovv on Kai ev avrw 77877 to) irXovreiv 
 yevopuevoi kcli to 7rpoao)7reiov clvtol irepi0epbevoi en 
 e^airarcovrai, Kai rjv Tt? afyaipfjrai avrovs, Oclttov av 
 ttjv K€(f)a\rji/ 77 to nrpoacoirelov irpooivio ; ov yap 8r) 
 teal rdre dyvoelv et«:o? avTovs co? eiri^piaTO^ 77 evpop- 
 <pia ecTTcv, evBo0ev ra Travra opwvras. 
 
 TIAOTT. Ovk oXiya, co Epfir), Kai irpo<$ tovto 
 f/,01 avvaycovi^erai. 
 
 EPM. Td nrola ; 
 
 TIAOTT. EnreiBav tls evrv^cov to nrpwrov avaire- 
 Tttcra? ttjv Ovpav eaBe^rjiai fie, avparapeiaep^eTai fier 
 efiov \a0cov 6 tu^o? Kai 77 dvoia icai 77 fieyaXav^ia 
 Kai piaXaKia Kai vppis Kai airarr) Kat aXX aira 
 fjbvpia ' vito $r] tovtcov diravrwv Kara\r)(f)0€l$ ttjv 
 tyv^rjis 0avpba£ei re ra. ov Oav/iaard Kai opeyerai 
 
 TCOV <f)6VKTCDV Ka/JLS TOV iraVTWV €K€IV(DV irarepa 7WV 
 
 eicreX7]Xv0OTcov KaKcov reOrjire Bopv^opovpuevov vit av- 
 7WV, Kat iravia nrpdrepov irdOob av 77 epbe irpoeaOaL 
 viropbeiveiev av. 
 
 29 EPM. /2? Be Xelos el, &> IlXovre, Kai oXia0r)po$ 
 Kao Sfcr/atTO^o? Kai 8ia<j)evKTiKos, ovBepuiav avTiXafirjV 
 Trape^ofxevos fiefiaiav, aXX coenrep at ey^eXei^ 77 ol 
 0(fiei<; Bia tcov BaKrvXcov Bpairereveis ovk oiB" 07r&)? • 
 77 TIevia 8 epiraXiv i^coBrjs re Kai evXa(3r]$ Kai fiupia 
 ra ayKiarpa eK7re<pvKora e£ airavros tov crcopLaro^ 
 eyovcra, &>? irXrjcridcravTas ev0v<z eyea0ai Kai pur) e^eiv 
 paBioos diro\v0rjvai. aXXa pera^v xpXvapovvras rjpLas 
 Trpdypia 77S77 ov puKpov 8ieXa0e. 
 
V. TIMQN 27-32. 191 
 
 IIAOTT. To irolov; 
 
 EPM. f On rov Grjaavpov ovk eTTrjyayo/xeOa^ ovirep 
 eBet yuakiGTCL. 
 
 IIAOTT. Qdppei rovrov ye eveKa • ev ry yfj av~ 30 
 rov del KaraXLTTcov dvepyop-ai Trap vfids eirtrrici^a^ 
 evBov /juevecv eTrifcXeiad/uLevov ri)v Ovpav, avotyeiv Be 
 firjSevL, rjv fir] epiov aKOvar) (3or]o-avro$. 
 
 EPM. Ovkovv e7n(3aivwfiev ijSrj rrjs Attlki)s ' kcli 
 fioi errov e^o/juevos -n}? yXa/jLvBos, dypL av irpos rr\v 
 eayaTiav acpLKco/JLai. 
 
 IIAOTT. Ev iroiels, co Ep/mrj, yeLpaycoycov • eirei 
 7]V ye aTToXcTrr)? /me, TirepftoXcp raya r\ KXecovL e/uLTre- 
 (Tov/xai rrepLvoarcov. aXXa Tt? 6 yjrocfjo? ol>to? eari 
 KaOairep atSrjpou irpos \l6ov ; 
 
 EPM. 'O Ti/icov ovtoctl GKaivrei ttXtjctlov opeivov 31 
 Kai vttoXlOov yrjBiov. irairal, icai r\ TIevia irapeart 
 kcll 6 IToVo? eKelvos, rj Kaprepta re /cat rj Xocf)La /cat, 
 7] ' AvBpela kcll 6 roLovro^ oyXo^- rcov vtto rco Aifico 
 rarrofievcov dirdvrcov^ ttoXv a/ieivovs rcov crcov Bopvcpd- 
 pcov. 
 
 IIAOTT. Tl ow ovk arraXXarrofjieOa, co Ep/ir}, 
 T7]V raytarrjv ; ov yap av ri rjfiel^ Bpacraifiev a£io- 
 Xoyov rrpos avBpa vtto tt]Xlkovtov orparorreBov irepie- 
 o-yrj/ievov. 
 
 EPM. AXXcos eBo^e rco All ' fir] aTroBeLXLcofiev 
 ovv. 
 
 IIEN. Uol rovrov arrayeLS, co ApyeLcpdvra yei- 32 
 paycoycov ; 
 
 EPM. Ettl rovrovL rov Tificova eTrefMcpOrjfiev vtto 
 rov Alo<;. 
 
 IIEN, Nvv 6 UA-outo? eTTL Tificova, OTTore avrov 
 
192 AOYKIANOY 
 
 eyw fcafcax? eyovra viro rrj? Tpvcfyrjs 7rapaXa{3ovora, 
 TOVTOLarl irapahovcra, rrj Xofyiq /cat tw flovw, yev- 
 valov avSpa kcll ttoXXov a^cov arrehei^a ; oirro)? apa 
 evtca.Ta(j)povr}TO<; vjjliv rj TIevca Sokco kcll €vahlicr)TO<i 
 coad b fMovov fcrrj/JLa el^ov a^atpelaQai fie, aKpij3a)<; 
 irpos uperrjv egecpyaafievov, iv clvOls 6 IIXovto<; irapa- 
 Xaficov avrov T/3pet kcil Tvcpa) ey^eipccra^, ofioiov tw 
 iraXai, fjbakOaKOv kcli ayevvrj /cat avorjrov airo^nqva^ 
 airohcp TraXiv e/xoi paKos rfhrf yeyevr\fxevov ; 
 EPM. EBo^e rat/ret, oy Tlevia, too All. 
 
 33 IIEN. Airepyofiai • kcll vfieis Be, to Tlove kcll 
 £o(j)ici kcu ol Xolttol, aKoXovOeire fxoL. o£to? Se rdya 
 eioeTdi oiav fie ovaav airoXeL^reL, ayaOrjv avvepyov 
 kcll hthaaKakov rcov apiarcov, fj crvvcov uytetvos fiev 
 to acofia, epp&fievos Be rr]v yvwfirjv ScereXeaev, avhpos 
 /3iov ^cov Kau 7rpo? avrov airoftXeTrwv, ra Be Trepnra 
 kcu, iroXXa ravra, oxrirep eariv, aXXoipua viroXap,' 
 jBavcov. 
 
 EPM. ' ' Airep^ovrai • rj/iels Be irpoalmfiev clvtq). 
 
 34 TIM. Tlves eVre, 3> KardparoL ; y t'l ftovXofievoL 
 Bevpo 7]Kere dvBpa epydirfv kcu fiLo~0ocf>opov evo^Xrj- 
 aovre^ ; aXX ov yaipovre^ airire pnapoi Travres ovres • 
 eyco yap v/nas clvtlkcl fiaXa fiaXXcov Tat? fioaXois kcli 
 Tot? XlOols avvrpc^rco. 
 
 EPM. MrjBafim, fo) Tlfiwv, fir) fidXrjS ' ov yap 
 av0pd)7rov$ ovras /3a\.et?, aXX' eya> fiev Epfirjs eipu, 
 ovroal Be 6 IIXovtos • ewefi^jre he Zevs eiraKovcra<$ 
 twv ev^cov. coare ayaOy tv^tj Se%ov tov oX(3qv airo- 
 
 CTTa? TCQV TTOVOdV. 
 
 TIM. Kal Vfiels olfiw^eaOe rjhr] KaiToi Beoi (We?, 
 w? (f)are • irdvTas yap dfia kcli avOpanrovs Kai Qeovi 
 
V. TIMQN 32-36. 193 
 
 flLCTG), TOVTOVi Be TOP TV(f>XoP, OCTTIS CLP f], fCdl CTTCTpi- 
 \jreiP fJLOi BoKG) TT} BiKeXXy. 
 
 IIAOTT. ' ATriwpuep, w ^Epprj, irpo? tou Alos • 
 peXay^oXap yap 6 avOpcoiro^ poi ov pierpicos Sok6l, 
 
 fJLT) Tt KCLKOV aTTeXdcO TTpO(T\a(3wV. 
 
 EPM. MrjBep aKaibp, o) Tl/xcov, aX\a to irdvv 35 
 rovro aypiop koll rpayy KarafiaXwp TrporeiPas rco X € ^P € 
 Xdpu(3ave rrjv ayaOqv rvyv)p /ecu irXovrei TraXiP /cat 
 mtOl Adrjvaicov ra irpcoTa Kau vrrepopa toop ayapicnwv 
 
 6K6LVWV [JLOVOS aUTO? evBaifJLOPWP. 
 
 TIM. OuBep v/jlwv Beopbai • pur) evo^Xelre puot • 
 
 itcavos epoi ttXovtos tj BiKeXXa * ra B aXXa evBaipo- 
 
 vearaTos etpi, prjBevos pot TrXrjaia^oPTos. 
 
 EPM. Ovtgjs, eo rav, cnrav6pco7roos ; 
 
 Tovbe (pepco Ait pvOov dTrrjvea re tcparepov re ; 
 
 Kai piqv eiKOs rjp pio~av6 pwirop pLev elpai ere roaavra 
 vtt avro)v Beipd TreirovOoTa, piaoOeou Be puriBapws, ov- 
 
 Tft)? €7TLpeX0Vp6VC0V GOV TOOP 0€(OP. 
 
 TIM. AXXa croi pep, o) 'Eppsrj, /cat, rca Au TrXei- 36 
 err) %tt|Oi? tt}? einpeXeia^, rovrovl Be top UXovtov 
 ovk av Xaf3oi/uu. 
 
 EPM. Tl 8j ; 
 
 TIM. On Kai iraXat pivpicop puoi KaKwp curios 
 
 ol>to? KaTecrTT) KoXatji T€ irapaBovs Kai eTriftouXovs 
 eirayaycov Kai /niaos eireyeipa^ Kai rjBvTraSeia Biaxfy- 
 Oeipas Kai eiri^yOovov aTrocprjvas, reXos Be a<fivco Kara- 
 Xiircov ovtcos diricTTcos Kai nrpoBoTiKUiS • rj fSeXrlo-Trj 
 Be Hevia irovoi? fie rols avBpiKcoraroi<; Karayvpuvao-aaa 
 Kai per aXrjOeias Kai irapprjcrias TrpoaopiXovaa ra re 
 avayKala Kapvovn irapeiye Kai tcop ttoXXcov eKeiPcop 
 Karafppovelu eiraiBevev ef avrov epov ra? eXiriBas 
 13 
 
194 AOYKIANOY 
 
 airapTrfcracra fioi tov {3lov kcu heitjacra ocrr/,? rjv 6 
 ttXovtos 6 e/zo?, bv ovre KoXa£ Ocnirevwv ovre ctvko- 
 <f)avrr)<; cf)o(3(ov, ov hr)/uo$ Trapo^vvOeis, ovk eKKXrjcria- 
 cttt)? y]r7](j)o(f)opricra<;, ov Tvpavvos eirifiovXevcra? acf>eXe'- 
 
 37 crOai hvvaiT av. eppcofievos Toiyapovv vtto twv ttovodv 
 tov dypov tovtovI </>A,07rwco? epya^ofievos, ovhev bpccv 
 T(ov ev aaret kclkcov, ikclvcl kcll oiapicii eyw ra aXcpiTa 
 irapa t??? hiKeXXr)?. ware iraXivhpofxo?, co 'Epfjurj y 
 airiOi tov TIXovtov dirdywv too Ad ' efioi he tovto 
 lkclvov r)V, Trdvras avOpdnrovs r)(3r)hov oi/nw^eiv Troirjaai. 
 
 EPM. Mrjha/jLcos, a>ya6e ' ov yap iravres eialv 
 
 67TLTT]h€lOL 7TjCO? Ol/jLCOyrjV. aXX €CL TU OpyiXa TClVTa 
 
 Kai fieipaKiwhii Kai top UXovtov TrapaXa(3e. OVTOI, 
 a7rdf3Xr)Td eau rd hcopa ra irapa tov Aids. 
 
 TIAOTT. BovXei, co Tificov, hacaioXoyrjoccifjiaL 7rpo? 
 ere ; ii yaXeiravels fjuot XeyovTi ; 
 
 TIM. Aeye, /jir) /xa/cpa fievToi, fi7]he fjuera it pool- 
 
 t <■/ (If e / 1 /r, f 
 
 fiia)v, oyenrep oi eiriTpiTTToi prfropes • ave^ofxai yap ae 
 oXiya \eyovTa hia iov Ep/arjv tovtovi. 
 
 38 HAOTT. ^E^prjv fiev lacos teal fiaicpd eiirelv, 7Tpo<; 
 obro) TroXXa vtto gov KaTrjyoprjOevTa • oftco? he bpa ei 
 ti ere, co? tfry^i yhiKrjKa, ^ ? T ^ )V / J/€P rjSio-Tcov diravTayv 
 antos croc KaTecrTTiv, Ti/nrjs /cat nrpoehpias Kai erreepd- 
 vwv Kai ttjs aWr)$ Tpuc^?, 7repi/3Xe7TT0S 16 Kai aoi- 
 hi/xos hi efie rjcrOa Kai irepicrnrovhaaTos ■ ei he rt 
 ^aXeirov etc twv koXukcov ireirovOas, avairios eyco aot • 
 (jloXXov he avros 7]htKT]jiiai tovto vtto crov, hioTi fie 
 oi/tco? aTijbicos virefBaXe? avhpdcrt xaTapaToi? eiratvovcn 
 Kai KaTayor)Tevovcri Kai irdvTa Tpoirov eiriftovXevovai 
 (lot • Kai to ye TeXevTalov efyrjcrOa co? irpoheh(DKa ere, 
 TovvavTiov he avTO? eyKaXeaai/xi croi iravTa Tpoirov 
 
V. TIMQN 3G-41. 195 
 
 aireXaOeis vtto gov kcu eirt K€(f)a\r}v e£coG0et<; rrjs 
 oIklcls. roijapovv avrl /laXa/cr)? ^\avtSo<; TavTTjv ttjv 
 Stcf)0epav rj TLfiicoTarT] goi Uevia TrepiTe0eucev. coare 
 ixapivs 6 'Epfjurjs ovtogi 7rco9 ineievov tov Aia fxrjKeO 
 r\K.eiv irapd ere ovtco Sva/nevcos puoc TTpOGevrjveypievov. 
 
 EPM. AWa vvv 6pas, co IIXovTe, oios tjBt] yeye- 39 
 vrjrac ; coGTe Oappwv GvvSiaTpi/3e clvtoj • kcll gv puev 
 
 GKULTTTe ft)? e X eL<i ' GV ^ 6 T0V GrjGavpOV VTTd'yCLyG 77) 
 
 BifceWrj ' vTraKovGerao yap epLJ3orjGavTi goi. 
 
 TIM. HeLG-reov, o) ^Eppurj, koI audi? irXowniTeov. 
 tl yap av /cat iraOot T£?, oirore ol 0eol /3td^ocvro ; 
 7r\r)v opa ye et? ola pe irpdypLara epLJ3a\\eL<; top 
 KatcoSaipova, b? a XP l/ v ^ v ^vBaifioveGrara Sidycov %/0f- 
 gov a<fivco togoviov \r]"^rop l ai ovSev a8iK7]Ga$ kol to- 
 Gavras cfipovrooas avaBe^o/iai. 
 
 EPM. ^TtTOGT^L, d) TipLfOV, St 6^6, KOI €L %a\e- 40 
 TTOV TOVTO Kai OVK, OLGTOV €GTIV, 07T6)? 01 Ko\aK€$ 
 
 e/celvot htappaywGiv vtto tov (f)0ovov • eyco Be virep 
 ttjv AItvtjv e? top ovpavov avai?Tr\Gop,ai. 
 
 IIAOTT. e O puev aire\7]\v0ev, &)? cWet • Te/e/jLat- 
 popuai yap ttj eipeGia twv UTepwv ' gv Se avTov Trepi- 
 fieve • avairepj^do yap goi tov QrjGavpov aire\6cov • 
 fiaWov £>e Trace. Ge (prjpLL, GrjGavpe ^pvGOv, {tird- 
 kovgov TcpiwvL TovTwX Kat TrapaG^^ GeavTov aveXe' 
 G0at. G/caiTTe, c5 Tipuayv, /3a0ela$ KaTacfyepcov. eya) 
 
 Se V/JbtV VTTeKGTT\GOp J ai. 
 
 TIM. Aye, co StfceWa, vvv p>oi eirippcoGov GeavTr)v 41 
 /cat fir) Kapr}^ etc tov /3a#ou? tov GrjGavpov e<? tovjul- 
 <f>ave<; TrpotcaXovpavT]. w Zev TepaGTie teal <J)l\ol Kopv- 
 fiavTe? kol Eppir} ArepScoe, Trodev togovtov ^pvGtov ; 
 rj ttov ovap Tama eGTi ; SeSca yovv pa] av6paica<$ 
 
196 AOYKIANOY 
 
 evpco aveypopevo? • aXXa purjv j^pvcnov ecrrlv, eirtar]- 
 jjlov, virepvQpov, (3apv /cat ti]v irpoao^iv vTreprjScaTov. 
 
 'Q, xP vtJ ^i 8e^la>[xa koX\l(ttov j3porols • 
 aiOopevov yap irvp are hiaTrpeireLs icai vu/CTcop /cal 
 pbe6 rjfiepav. e\6e, co (plXrare /cal epacrpbLuna're. 
 vvv 7T6c6ofiac ye /cat Ata irore yeveaOac yjivaov • t<? 
 yap ovfc av irapQevo^ avaireiTTapevoLS tols koXttols 
 vireSejjaTo ovrw tcaXov epaaTr)v Sea tov reyovs fcarap- 
 
 42 peovra ; c5 MiBa tcai Kpocae /cat, ra ev AeXcpols 
 avaOripbara &>? ov&ev apa rjre «? irpos Tipwva ica\ 
 tov Tipcovos ttXovtov, a) ye ovBe 6 ftaaiXevs 6 Hep- 
 acov Laos. co Si/ceXXa icai (pcXTarrj hi^Oepa, vpas p,ev 
 rep Tlavi tovto) avaOelvac /caXov • avros 8e r]Sr) iracrav 
 Trpcapievos ttjv eayaruav, irvpyiov oLfcooop,r}cra/uLevo<z virep 
 tov Orjcravpov, puovcp epoi iicavov ev8iacraa6ai f tov 
 avTov nai Ta(fiov airoOavcov e^eiv pot So/cco. SeSo^dco 
 Se TavTa ica\ vevopo6eT7]adco irpos tov eiriXoiirov ftiov, 
 apigia irpos airavTas icai ayvwaia teat v^epo^-ia • 
 <filXos Se r] %evo<; r] eTalpoq rj EXeov /3a)^to? v@Xo<? 
 ttoXvs ' real to oacTelpat Sa/cpvovTa rj eTracovprjaai 
 Beopbe'vq) irapavofAia fcal tcaTaXvais twv eOwv • povrjprjs 
 Se 7] BtaLTa tcaOatrep T0Z5 A-u/cot?, /ecu <$>lXos eh Tlpucov. 
 
 43 oi Se aXXoi iravTes e^Opot /cat €7Tl/3ovXol • /cat, to 
 7rpocrofjLiXrjaaL tivi avTcov puacrpa • /cac rjv tivl IScd 
 povov airo<fipa$ rj 7]puepa • Kai oXco? javSpcavTcov XlOl- 
 vcov rj y^aXKcov pir)Sev r)plv Sia^epeTcocrav • real fir^e 
 tcripvfca Se-^aypeda Trap avTcov pnqTe Girovhas airevhw- 
 peOa ' r] eprjpiia 8e opos eaTco irpos avTov ?. (f>uX€Tai 
 Se koi (fiptiTepe? teal Sr/poTai icai r) TraTpt? avTr) 
 •^rvypa real avax^eXr) ovop>aTa koli avoryrmv avBpcov 
 <j)i,XoTifir)p,aTa. TrXovTetTco he Tcpbwv povos fcac wire- 
 
V. TIMS2N 41-45. 197 
 
 poparco airavrwv Kat Tpveparco povos kclu eavTOV, ko- 
 XaKelas teal eiratvcov (fropTitcoov aTnfXXay pevos • teal 
 Oeois Overco Kat eucoyetaOco povos eavTco yetTeov Kat 
 bpopos, e/ca? cov tcov aXXcov. Kat aira% eavrov Be^tco- 
 aacrOat SeBo^Oco, tjv 8er, airoOavelv^ teai eavTa) o~Tecf)avov 
 eireveyKelv. teai ovo/jta fxev earco 6 M l<j avdp cotton rjSt- 44 
 GTOV, tov Tpoirov Se yvwpia fxaTa SvcrfcorXia Ka\ rpa- 
 ^fT??? K(ii otcaioTT)^ Kat opyr) Kal airavOpcdiTta • et Se 
 Ttva tSotpt ev irvpt 8ta(f)6etpofievov Kat KaTaa(3evvvvat 
 iKerevovTa, ttlttt] Kat eXatq) icai ao pevvvvat • /cat rjv 
 Ttva tov yetpwvo^ 6 iroTapos Trapacfie'pr], 6 Se Ta? 
 yelpas opeycov avTtXafteaOat Serjrat, coOetv teal tovtov 
 eir't KecpaXrjv /3a7TTt£ovTa, ft>? prjSe avaKvyjrat SwrjOetrj. 
 ovrco yap av tt\v to~r\v airoXapotev. etcnyyTjaaTO tov 
 vo/iov Ttjjicov EyexpaTtSov KoXXvTevs, eire-^rTjcptaev ev 
 tt) €K/e\r)o~ta Ttpcov o avTos. elev, TavTa rjplv SeSo^6co 
 teat avSptKcos epfievco/jtev avTois. ttXt]v aXXa irept 45 
 iroXXov av eirotrjaap^v diraot yvcoptpa 7Tft>? Tama 
 yeveoOat^ StoTt virepirXovTw • ayyovr) yap av to 
 Trpay/Lta yevotTo avTots. teatTot Tt tovto ; <p€v tov 
 Ta'xpvs. iravTayoQev o~vv6eovo~t tee/eovtpevot Kat irvev- 
 o-rtftWe?, ovte olSa bOev oereppatvopevot tov %pvatov. 
 iroTepov ovv eirl tov irdyov tovtov dvafias aireXavvco 
 avTovs -rot? XiOots e£ vtrepSe^teov aKpo(3oXt£,6pevo<$, rj 
 to ye tootovtov 7rapavofMrjaco/jbev eiaaiza^ avTots ojullXt}- 
 oavTes, &)? irXeov dvmvTo virepopcopevot ; tovto olpat 
 Kat afxetvov. ftxrre he^w^eSa rj&rj avTovs VTroaTavTes. 
 (f>ep tBco, rt? o 7rpft»ro? avTcov ovtos eo~Tt ; TvaOwvt- 
 £??? o KoXa^ 6 Trpwrjv epavov atTTjcravTt pot operas 
 tov ftpoyov, ttlQovs oXovs Trap epot TroXXcuet? eprjpe- 
 tffti?. aXX ev ye eirotrjaev acf)tKopevo<z * otpcotjeTat yap 
 irpo tcov aXXwv. 
 
198 AOYKIANOY 
 
 46 TNAQ. Ovk eyco eXeyov o>? ov/c afieXijaovat Tl- 
 ficovos ayaOov avhpos ol Oeol ; X a ^P € Tl/jlcov evfiop- 
 (porare kcli v^icrie tcai av/xiroTiKcoTaTe. 
 
 TIM. Nrj Ala kcll av ye, to TvaOcoviSr), yvTrcov 
 anzavTwv jBopwrare icai avOpcoircov eirirpiirioTaTe. 
 
 TNAQ. Ael (piXoaKoop/jLwv av ye • aXXa irov to 
 avfXTroacov ; &)? /catvov tl aoi aa/j.a tcov veobibaicTcov 
 
 Bc6vpa{A{3(OV f]KCO KOfli^WV. 
 
 TIM. Kat fjL7]v eXeyela ye aarj fjbaXa 7repnra6cos 
 viro Tavrjj ttj SuceXXy. 
 
 TNAQ. Tl tovto ; irace^, c5 To/ulcov ; p,apTvpo~ 
 fiao • cb HpatcXeis, tov tov, irpoaicaXovfiaL ae rpav- 
 fjLdTOS et? Apeiov irayov. 
 
 TIM. Kat (jlt]v rjv ye fxtKpov en /3pa§vvr)<;, (pdvov 
 Ta%a 7rpO(TfceK\7]Go/jiai. 
 
 TNAQ. MrjSa/Acos ' aXXa av ye iravicos ro rpav/ma 
 taaat fXLKpov eiriirdaa^ tov ^pvalov • Seivtos yap 
 la^ac/jiov ean to (pap/ia/cov. 
 
 TIM. "Eti yap fjLeveis ; 
 
 TNAQ. Aireipui • av Be ov %aipr}aei<; ovrco a /caws 
 etc %priaTov yevo/Lievos. 
 
 47 TIM. TV? outo? eariv 6 Trpoaicov, 6 dvacpaXav- 
 r/a? ; $eXid$r)$ f (coXa/ccov diravTcov 6 fiBeXvpcoTaros. 
 o5to? Se aypov bXov Trap e/xov \a/3cov Kat ttj 6vya- 
 Tpl TTpol/ca Svo TaXavTa, paaOov tov eiraivov, oiroTe 
 aaavTa fie ttclvtcov atcoircovTcov jjlovos virepeTrrjveaev 
 eTrofioadfJievo^ cooitccoTepov elvai tcov kvkvcov, eireioi] 
 voaovvTa irpcorjv elBe fie Kat irpoarjXOov eiriKovpta^ 
 Bedfievo<;, TrXrjyas 6 yevvalos irpoaeveTeivev. 
 
 48 <&IA. 'if! ttjs avaiayyvTias. vvv Tl/jucova yvcopl- 
 £eTe ; vvv TvaOtovihrjs cpiXos Kac avfXTroTT]^ ; Toiya- 
 
V. TIMQN 46-50. 199 
 
 povv Sifcata irenrovQev ovtos dyapiaros wv. rjfiels 8e 
 oi iraXat avvr\6eL<; tcai avve<pr\(3oL tcai br/fioTat bficos 
 fierpcd^ofiev, co? fir) eimrrihav Sofcwfiev. yalpe, co 8e- 
 GTTora, tcai 07r&>? tou? fiiapovs toutou? tcoXatcas cpvXa^rj, 
 tov? eirl ttjs rpaire^r]^ fidvov, rd aXXa Se tcopatccoi/ 
 ovbev Siacpepovras. ov/ceri iriarevrea tcov vvv ovbevi * 
 iravres ayapiaroi tcai Trovrjpoi. eyo) be TaXavTov aoi 
 tcofit^cov, a>? e%o£? Trphs rd KaTeireiyovra %pr)adai, tcaO 
 obov rjhr] TrXrjGLov rjtcovaa cos TrXovrocrjs virepfieyedrj 
 Tiva ttXovtov. rftcco roiyapovv ravra ae vovQerrjacov • 
 fca.LTOi, av ye ovrco aocpos cov ovbev iacos Serjarj tcov 
 Trap efjuov Xoycov, b? tcai tco Nearopi to 8eov irapai- 
 veaeias dv. 
 
 TIM. Ear at ravra, co QiXiaSr/. ttXvjv aXXa irpoa- 
 161 ' tcai ae cf)iXocf)povrjaofiai rrj SitceXXr,. 
 
 <&IA. AvOpcoTroL, tcareaya too tcpaviov uiro tov 
 ayapiarov, biori ra avfifyepovra evovOerovv avrov. 
 
 TIM.. ' Ihov rpiros ovtos 6 pi]Tcop Arjfieas irpoa- 49 
 epyerai yfrr]<fiiafia eywv ev rrj be^ia real avyyevr)^ 
 rjfierepos elvai Xeycov. ovtos etctcaibetca Trap' e/iov rd- 
 
 Xavra fiid? rjfiepas etcTiaas ttj rroXei tcciTeSeSitcaaTO 
 
 yap teal eSeSero ovk arroSibovs, /cayco eXe^cra? eXvaa- 
 fjurjv avrov — eireiSr) Trpcorjv eXa^e rrj Epe^Orjl'Bi <pvXrj 
 biavefieiv to OecopiKOv tcayco rrpoariXOov aircov to yiyvd- 
 fievov, ovk ecfyr) yvcopi^eiv iroXirrjv bvra fie. 
 
 AH.M. Xalpe, co Tl/ulcov, to fieya ocfreXos tov so 
 yevovs, to epeiafia tcov AOrjvcov, to 7rpo{3Xr)fia rrjs 
 EXXabos ' teal firjv rraXai ae 6 Srjfios avveiXeyfievo? 
 ica\ at flovXal aficftdrepac irepifLevovai. Trpdrepov be 
 aicovo-ov to yfrrjcf) tafia, b virep aov yey pa(f>a • " eTreibr) 
 Tificov E^efcpaTibov KoXXvTevs, avr\p ov fiovov icaXos 
 
200 AOYKIANOY 
 
 tedyados, aXXa teat crocpos cos ovte ctXXos ev rrj *EX- 
 XaSt, irapa iravia yjpovov StareXet ra aptcrra irpdr- 
 
 TCOV TJ) 7TOX.6A, V€Vl/C7]K6 Se 7TV% KCLI TToXrjV teat SpopLOV 
 
 ev ' OXvptirta pacts yjpepas teal TeXetco cippart teat crvvco- 
 
 ptSt TTCoXtief) 
 
 TIM. AXX ovSe eOecoprjcra eyco ircoiroTe ets 
 OXvpirtav. 
 
 AHM. Tt ovv ; Oecoprjcrets varepov • ra rotavra 
 Se TroXka it poo teeter 6 at dpetvov. 6i teat rjpicnevae Se 
 virep ttjs iroXecos irepvat irpos Ayapvals teat teare- 
 teoyjre HeXoTrovvrjcrtcov Svo popas 
 
 51 TIM.. TIcos ; Sta yap to firj e^etv birXa ovSe 
 irpovypac\>r)v ev tco tearaXoyco. 
 
 AHM. Merpia to. Trepl aavrov Xeyets, rjptets Se 
 ayapiGTOi av etypev apvqpbovovvies. u ert Se teat yjrr)- 
 <J)icr/jLaTa ypacpcov teat avptfiovXevcov teat crrparijycov ov 
 ptttepa cocfyeXrjae Tiqv ttoXlv • eirt Tovrots airaat SeSd^Pco 
 Tj) /3ovXrj teal tco Siqpbcp teat ttj 'HXtata Kara cpvXas 
 teat Tots Srjpots tSta teat teotvrj irdat yjpvcrovv avacrrrj- 
 aat tov Ttpcova irapa ti}v A6r)vav ev rrj atepoiroXet, 
 tcepavvov ev rrj Se^ta e^ovra teal atertvas eiria irepl 
 rr) teecpaXrj, teal arecpavcocrat avrov xpvaots erreepdvots 
 teat avaK7]pv^6rjvat rovs arecpavovs rripepov A tower tots 
 rpaycoSots teatvols — ■ ayOrjvat yap St avrov Set Tr/pe- 
 pov ra Atovvota. — - elrre ttjv yvcoprjv Arjpeas 6 prjrcop, 
 avyyevrjs avrov dy^tcrrevs teat pLa07)rj]S cov ■ teal yap 
 pvyrcop aptcrros o 1 tpcov teat ra aXXa rravra oiroaa 
 
 52 av e0€Xr)/ y rovrl ptev ovv erot to tyrjcptcr pa. eyco Se 
 teat rov vtov eftovXoprjv dyayetv nrapct ere, ov eirt tco 
 aco ovoptart 1 tptcova covoptaiea. 
 
 TIM. IIcos, cb Arjptea, o? ovSe yey dp,?] teas, ocra ye 
 Kai r)ptas etSevat ; 
 
V, TIM12N 50-54. 201 
 
 AHM. *A\Xa ya/uLW, rjv 8l8g) #eo?, e? ve'cora teal 
 TracSoTTotrjaofiat, kclI to yevvrjOrjao/jLevov — appev yap 
 ecnai — Ttfjbwva 7].Bt) KaXco. 
 
 TIM. Ovk oiSa ei ya/jLets en, w ovto?, TrjXiKav- 
 ttjv Trap e/aov TrXrjyrjv \ap,/3avcov. 
 
 AHM. OlfJLOl, Tl TOVTO ,' TVpaVVlSl, Tl/JLCOV, eTTl^ei- 
 
 peis koI TVTTTeiS tovs eXevOepovs ov fca0apa)s eXevOe- 
 po<; ov8 affio? cov ; aXXa hcoaeis ev Tayei tt]v Siktjv 
 ra T€ akXa Kai oti ttjv aKpoiroXiv eveirprjaa^. 
 
 TIM. AXX ovk efMireiTprjo-Tai, oo puape, rj aicpo- 53 
 iroXis ■ coo~T€ BrjXos ei avtcofyavTwv. 
 
 AHM. ' AXXa koI 7rXovT€i<; tov oTriaOohopbov Bio- 
 pv%a$. 
 
 TIM. Ov SicopvKTai ovhe ovtos • coare airlOavd 
 gov Kai ravTa. 
 
 AHM. AiopvyQr)GeTai fiev vcrrepov ■ iqhrj he av 
 iravra ra ev avrw e^et?. 
 
 TIM. Ovkovv Kai aXXrjv Xa/i/3ave. 
 
 AHM. OI/jlol to /xerd(ppevov. 
 
 TIM. Mi] KeKpayQi • /carolcrcD yap aoi Kai Tpl- 
 ttjv • eirei Kai yeXola ira/jLirav av TrdOoipn hvo fiev 
 AaKeSai/ubovLcov pLopas KaraKoyjras avoirXos, ev Be puia- 
 pov avOpwiTiov fir) eiriTpi^as • /xaTTjv yap av elyv Ka\ 
 veviK7)Kcos OXvpLTTia 7tv% Kau TraXrjv. aXXa ti tovto ; 54 
 ov OpaavKXrjs o (piXocroifcos ovros eoTiv ; ov puev ovv 
 aXXos ' eKireiaaa^ yovv tov irwycova Kau ra? ocfipv? 
 avaretvas Kai {3pev6vo/nevo$ ti irpos aviov epyeTai, 
 TiTavwhes fiXejrayv, avacreao(3r)[ievo<; tt)v eiri t&> pue- 
 tgottco KOfiTjv, AvTofiopeas Tt? 7] TpiTcov, oiovs 6 Zev- 
 £*.? eypa-tyev. ovtos 6 to a^rjfia evo-TaXr)<; Kai Koafiios 
 to fiahiapua Kai aaxfipoviKOS ttjv ava{3oXr)V ecodev puv- 
 
202 AOYKIANOY 
 
 pea baa nrepi aperrj*; Blc^lwv kcli tcov rjBovrj yaipoviwv 
 fcaryyopwv kol to oXiyapfces eiraivwv y eireiBri Xovaa- 
 jul€Vo<; d<pLKOiro €7rl to Belirvov teal 6 7rat? /jLeyaXrjv 
 tt)v kvXikcl ope^etev aura) — tw ^(oporepep Be yaipei 
 
 fiaXcara tcaOairep to Arfirjs vBwp e/cwicov evavTLco- 
 
 TdTa eiriheitcvvTai too? ecoOivols etcecvois Aoyot? irpoap- 
 Trci^wv coarrep lktlvo^ tcl byjra kcli tov irXrjaLov irapay- 
 KWVL^opLevos* fcapv/crjs to yeveLOv avdirXecos, kvvtjBov 
 €{jL(j)opovfjL€vo<;, eTUfcefcvcjxos, KaOcnrep ev Tat? XoiraaL 
 ttjv apeT7]v evpr\aeLV irpoaBoKwv, afcpi/3a)<z tcl Tpu/3\ta 
 to> \i%avq) airoaprj^cov^ ft)? prjBe oXljov tov fjbVTTco- 
 
 55 TOV KClTClXllTOl. pb€pb^LpiOLpO^ CL61, KCLV TOV TtXcUCOVVTCL 
 
 oXov 7] tov avv puovos twv aXXcov Xafir}, b tl irep 
 Xi^veias tcai awXrjaTLas oc^eXo?, pLeOvaos kcli irapoivos, 
 
 OVK CL^pi (pBrj? KCLI OpxyO-TVOS [JLOVOV, dXXo, KCLI XolBo- 
 
 pia$ kcll opyrjs. irpoaeTL kcli Xojol ttoXXol errl Tjj 
 
 KVXLKL, TOT6 Br] KCLL (JLaXLO~TCL, 7T6pl aW^pOaWTj^ KCLL 
 K00~flL0T7JT0<i * KCLL TCLVTCL <j)7]0~LV l]Br) VTTO TOV CLKpCLTOV 
 7rOV7)p(D$ €%(t)V KCLL VTTOTpCLvXL^COV jeXoLGOS * 6LTCL €{ieTO<Z 
 €7TL TOVTOL? ' KCLL TO TeXeVTCLLOV apa/iL€VOL TLV€<Z €K(pe- 
 
 povaiv avTov €K tov avpuiroaLOV. ttXtjv clXXcl kcll 
 vr)(fxDV ovBevL tS)v nrpwTeLoov Trapa^coprjaeLev av yjrev- 
 
 O-fACLTOS €V6Ka T) QpaaVT7]T0^ 7) (pLXcLpyVpLCLS ' aXXcL KCLL 
 KO\CLKCOV 6&TL TCL TTpGOTCL KCLL 67TL0pK€L ITpO^LpOTaTa, 
 KCLL 7] J07]T€La TTpOTj^eliaL KCLL 7] aVCLLGyyVTLCL TTCLpO- 
 
 fJLapTely kcll 6A,&)? Travaofpov tl %pr}/j,a kcll iravTayoQev 
 a/cpi/3e? kcll ttolklX(o<; evTeXes. OLficoijeTCLL TOLjapovv 
 ovk e? fiaKpav xprjaTO? cov. tl tovto ; ttclttcll, XP°" 
 VLoq rjfiLV GpaavKXrjs. 
 
 56 @PA1$. Ov KCLTCL TCLVTCL ft) TlfJLCOV, Tol<$ TTOXXot? 
 TOVTOLS atfuypLCLL) C0a7T€p OL TOV TTXoVTOV CTOV T6071- 
 
V. TIMQN 54-57. 203 
 
 7rore? apyvpiov teat ^pucrcov tcai Beiirvcov rroXvreXcov 
 eXirlBc GVvBeBpafir}KaGi ttoXXtjv ttjv KoXaiceLav erriBet- 
 ^ofievot rrpos avBpa olov ere drrXoiicov /cat rwv ovrcov 
 kolvcovikov ' olaOa yap a>? /na^a fiev efioo Belirvov itca- 
 vov, oyjrov Be tjBlgtov 6v[xov r) KapBapuov rj eu wore 
 rpv<j)(pr}v, oXiyov rwv dXcov ' rrorov Be rj evveafepovvos • 
 6 Be rplftcov ovros 97? ftovXei, iropfyvplBos afielvcov. 
 to 'xpvalov fiev yap ovBev ri/jaoorepov rcov ev rocs 
 aiycaXols tyrjcfriBoov [xoi Boicel. gt)v Be avrov yapiv 
 earaXrjv, cos pur) Bcacftdetpr/ ae to KataGrov tovto /cat 
 eirilBovXorarov fcrfjfia 6 7tXovtos, 7roXXocs iroXXafcis 
 curios avrjKearwv Gvpcpopcov yeyevrjfMevos • ei yap (jlol 
 TrelOoto, fiaXco-Ta puev oXov e? rr)v OaXarrav e/j,{3aXels 
 avrov, ovBev avaytcalov avBpl aya0a> ovrc teal tov 
 (J>cXoGO<f)cas irXovrov opdv Bvvapevcp • fir) fievroc e? 
 fiaOos, cbyade, aXX' ogov es ftovftcovas eirefi^ds 0X1- 
 yov rrpo rrjs kv pear coy rjs, epov opwvros fiovov • ei Be 57 
 fjirj tovto fiovXei, gv Be aXXov rpoirov afieivco Kara 
 Ta^o? €K(pdp7]crov avrov etc rr)s oitctas fxrjB o/3o\ov 
 cravTG) aveis, BiaBiBovs arraGi rots BeofievoLS, a> fiev 
 mevre Bpa^fias, go Be puvav, go Be rjfjbtraXavrov • ei Be 
 res (fjiXdcro(f>o<z eorj, Bifioiplav rj rpifioiptav (pepecrOac 
 Bitcatos • 6/jLoI Be — Kairoi ovtc e/xavrov %apiv airco, 
 aXX otto)? fieraBco rcov eraipcov rols Beofievois — Itca- 
 vov ei ravrrjvi ttjv 7rr)pav etcirXr}Gas irapaG^ois ovoe 
 oXovs Bvo fJbeBlnvovs ywpovaav AiytvrjriKOVs. oXiyaptcr) 
 Be Kai fxerpiov ^pr) elvai rov (^cXoaocpovvra real fjurjBev 
 wrrep rrjv wr]pav eppovetv. 
 
 TIM. Eiratvo) ravra gov, 00 QpaGv/cXecs • rrpb 
 yovv rrjs Trypan, et Boicel, fyepe gol rr\v /ce(f>aXr)v e/x- , 
 7rXrjGco kovBvXoov eTTi/jLerprjGas ry Bc/ceXXr]. 
 
204 AOYKIANOY V. TIMQN 57, 58. 
 
 GPAS. '& 87]fJLOfCpaTLCL KCLL VOfJLOL, TTCLLOHeOa V7TO 
 
 tov Kaiapaiov ev eXevOepa tt) iroXei. 
 
 TIM. Ti ayavatcreis, coyaOe ; pbcbv irapaKetcpovcrpLai 
 ae ; kol pur)v trrepuftaXu) yoivacas virep to perpov reV- 
 58 rapas. aXXa ti tovto ; ttoXXol avvep^ovrat • BXe~ 
 yjrias etceivos kcli Aayr\<$ teat Tvicjxov koi oXcos to 
 avvraypa iwv OLpuoo^opLevcov. cocrre tl ovk tin, tt)v 
 Trerpav ravrrjv aveXOcov rr)v puev StfceWav oXtyov 
 avairavw irakai ireirovrjKvlav^ auTO? he oil TrXetarov^ 
 XiOovs av(JL(j)opr)aa<; eiri^aXa^a) iroppwOev avrols ; 
 
 BAEW. Mr) (3aXXe, a> Tipccov • am/juev yap. 
 
 TIM. AX\ ovk avaipLwn ye v/mels ov&e avev rpav- 
 
 /JLCLTtoV. 
 
NOTES 
 
EXPLANATION OF ABBEEVIATIONS. 
 
 cf. — Latin confer, i. e. compare, see. 
 
 comm. = common or commonly. 
 
 Die. Antiqq. = Dictionary of Antiquities (Smith). 
 
 et al. = et alii, and others. 
 
 ff = and the following. 
 
 fr = from. 
 
 G. = Goodwin's Greek Grammar. 
 
 II. = Hadley (Larger Greek Grammar). 
 
 KTe. = Kal to. eVepa = etc. 
 
 Lex. = Lexicon of Liddell & Scott (not abridged). 
 
 lit. = literal or literally. 
 
 perh. = perhaps. 
 
 sc. = scilicet = namely, understood. 
 
 S. Gr. = Smaller Grammar (Hadley's Elements). 
 
 st. = stead, i. e. instead of. 
 
 usu. = usual, or usually. 
 
 w. = with. 
 
 It is thought the remaining general and most frequent abbreviations will be easily 
 understood. The special abbreviations, in connection with the several authors, are 
 here subjoined. 
 
 ODYSSEY. 
 
 Am. = Ameis (Leipzig, Teubner, 1869). 
 Cr. = Crusius (Hannover, Hahn, 1857). 
 Ddntz. = Diintzer (Paderborn, Schbningh, 1863). 
 
 F. = Faesi (Berlin, Weidmann, 1867). 
 
 HERODOTUS. 
 
 Ab. = Abicht (Leipzig, Teubner, 1866), 
 B. = Baehr (Leipzig, 185 -1861). 
 
 G. = Goodwin. 
 Kr. — Kr'uger. 
 
 R. = Rawlinson (New York, D. Appleton & Co., 1872). 
 
 Sch. = Scheighaeuser. 
 
 St. = Stein (Berlin, Weidmann, 1868). 
 
 THUCYDIDES. 
 
 Boeh. — Boehme (Leipzig, Teubner, 1864). 
 CI. or Class. = Classen (Berlin, Weidmann, 1869). 
 Kr. or Kr'ug. = Kr'uger (Berlin, 1860). 
 Pop. = Poppo (Gotha, 1843-1856, 4 voll.). 
 
 XENOPHON'S MEMORABILIA. 
 
 Breit. = Breitenbach (Leipzig, Weidmann, 1854). 
 
 Kuh. = Kuhner (Leipzig, Teubner, 1857). 
 
 Rob. = Robbins (New York, D. Appleton & Co., 1853). 
 
 Schneid. = Schneider. 
 
 W. = Weiske (Leipzig, Fritsch, 1802). 
 
IV EXPLANATION OF ABBREVIATIONS. 
 
 PLATO. 
 
 B or Bek. = Bekker (London, Priestley, 1826). 
 
 C. = Cousin (CEuvres de Platon traduites, Paris, 1846) 
 G. = Grote (History of Greece, Grote's Plato). 
 
 H. = Hermann (C. F.) (Leipzig, Teubner, 1854). 
 J. = Jowett (New York, Scribner, 1871). 
 Schl. = Schleiermacher (Uebersetzung, Berlin, 1809). 
 St. = Stalbaum (Leipzig, 1821). 
 
 DEMOSTHENES. 
 
 W. or Wes. = Westermann (Weidmann, Berlin, 1866). 
 
 Beh. = Rehdantz (Leipzig, Teubner, 1865). 
 
 Hes. = Heslop (Catena Classicorum, Sever, Francis, & Co , Boston, 1871). 
 
 Ch. = Champlin (James Munroe & Co., Boston, 1848). 
 
 ARRIAN. 
 Eng. = Engelmann (Griechisch u. Deutsch, Leipzig, 1861). 
 Sint. = Sintenis (Leipzig, Weidmann, 1849). 
 
 LUCIAN. 
 
 Barl. = Barlaeus. 
 
 Ben. = Benedict (Amsterdam, Blaev, 1687). 
 
 D. = W. Dindorf (Leipzig, Taucbnitz, 1858). 
 Graev. = Graevius. 
 
 Hemst. = Hemsterhuis » (Ams(erdam) Wetst ein, 1743). 
 
 Reitz. = Reitzius ) 
 
 Jac. = Jacobitz (Leipzig, Teubner, 1862). 
 
NOTES ON THE ODYSSEY OF HOMER. 
 
 The student is recommended to read the chapter on Homer in 
 Smith's History of Greece ; or, still better, Grote's chapter on the 
 Homeric poems ; also, the interesting little volume on the Odyssey 
 in " Ancient Classics for English Readers." 
 
 That suggestive and excellent work, Tyler's " Theology of the 
 Greek Poets," will be found valuable, not only in connection with 
 the study of the Odyssey, but of all the Greek poets. 
 
 The various reviews and other writings on Homer are too numer- 
 ous to be specified here ; nor should the attention of the young stu- 
 dent be diverted more than is necessary from the poet himself to the 
 endless writings about him. 
 
 BOOK I. — Council of the Gods. Athena's Advice to Telem&chus. 
 
 Vy. 1-10. Invocation of the muse, and statement of the subject of 
 the poem. 
 
 V. 1. dvSpa (obj. of 'ivveire), the man. Note the omission of the 
 article in Hm. H. 524; S. Gr. 374; G. § 140. — gvvcire : Lex. Iveirw. 
 — Compare with this first expression, Virg. Aen. 1 : 1. Anna virumque 
 cano. — Mova-a. Later poets speak of Calliope as the Muse of epic 
 poetry ; but Hm. nowhere mentions the names of the muses, and only 
 once (Od. 24: 60) their number. — iroXirrpoirov : join with &v8pa : is 
 usually understood to mean here cunning, wily. So Am., Diintz., F. — 
 -iroXXd : adv. aec. — V. 2. TrXaYX^I : tXci^co : note in Hm. the frequent 
 omission of the augment. H. 307 D ; S. Gr. 687 ; G. § 122. Also, the 
 stem in yy. H. 328, b, note: S. Gr. 223, d. — Tpoirjs : gen. of designa- 
 tion. H. 561 ; S. Gr. 405 ; G. § 167, 6, note. Instead of gen., the ace. 
 in appos. with irroXUGpov would be the usual prose construction. — tepdv, 
 sacred; either because there were temples in the city, where the gods were 
 worshipped, so that it might be considered sacred to the gods and under 
 their protection ; or, according to Eustathius, because the walls of the city 
 were built by Apollo and Poseidon. Diintz. renders it mighty, and says 
 the meaning sacred is only secondary ; but his suggestion is not generally 
 adopted. — girepo-ev (irepGw) : Odysseus did not alone destroy the city ; but, 
 as the contriver of the wooden horse, and a prominent warrior, he might 
 1 
 
2 NOTES. 
 
 be spoken of as the destroyer of the city. — V. 3. I8ev : notice, again, the 
 omission of the augment ; Att. prose form eiSev. — vdov is also, as well as 
 &o-T€o. (from &crrv), limited by ttoXXwv dv9. ; and knevj their mind. — 
 V. 4. iroXXd qualifies &\-yea : and yet the subst., separated from the adj. 
 and placed after the verb, has somewhat the force of definitive apposition. 
 
 — ii-ye (epanaleptic), expressed for perspicuity and emphasis: he at least, 
 he certainly. — ird0€V (irdcrx.w) : augment omitted. — 8v (H. 238 ; S. Gr. 
 137; G. § 82) Kara Gvjiov, in his mind. — V. 5. rjv : possess, pron. : 
 cf. 6v above. — V. 6. ov8' ws (note the accent : in Att. usu. ovtgjs), not 
 even thus, i. e. not even with all the effort he made, while striving to secure 
 (ctpvv|i.evos), etc. — Ippvo-aro, pvop-ai. — iep.€vos (1't](u) : ire'p, intens. The 
 concessive idea though lies, I think, entirely in the participle (H. 789, f ; 
 S. Gr. 540, f ; G. § 277, 4), although greatly desiring (it). — V. *<t* aii- 
 tc3v <r<f>€T€pT|a-iv (= <r<pwv): H. 675, b ; S. Gr. 460, a ; G. § 137, Note 1. 
 
 — For the ending -r\criv, see H. 129 D ; S. Gr. 642 ; G. § 39. — drao-Oa- 
 Xit)o-iv : an abstract noun in the plur. H. 518, c ; S. Gr. 369, b, through 
 their presumptuous acts. — oXovto (6\\-u|u) : augment omitted. In Att. 
 the comp. a/irdXXvjju is the usu. form. — V. 8. vt|in.oi has the form of an 
 exclamation : foolish men ! who devoured, or, in that they devoured, etc. — 
 Kara goes with ^<r0iov (eo-0[«) : separated by tmesis. H. 477 : 616 ; S. 
 Gr. 450; G. § 191, Note 3. — Tireplovos (Lex. 'Yuepltov) 'HeXioio (Lex. 
 "HXios), of Hyperion Helius : for the ending oio, see H. 140 D ; S. Gr. 
 643 ; G. § 44. — V. 9. 6 (H. 524; S. Gr. 374; G. § 140) ; this one, or 
 simply he, meaning Helius. — cujselXeTo (d(j>aip€«), «, usu. mid. d<j>aipovp.ai ) : 
 often with two accusatives. Here with ace. and dat. (of interest), took away 
 from them (toictiv. H. 239, D ; S. Gr. 681 ; G. § 78, Note 2). — V. 10. 
 twv (demonst. cf. note on 6) : partitive gen. with dire (imperat. notice the 
 accent). — dp.d9ev (d[ids = rls, and -0ev, from) : of these things, (starting) 
 from any point, speak, etc. — 0ed : cf. note on Movo-a, v. 1. — Kal T)fuv : 
 to us also, i. e. to us, as well as to others : to us, i. e. to the poet and those 
 to whom he sung. 
 
 Yv. 11-21. Odysseus, followed by the wrath of Poseidon, is detained 
 by the nymph Calypso, being the only one of the Grecian heroes, engaged 
 in the Trojan war, who had not yet reached home. 
 
 V. 11. <f>v-yov (fyevyot), augment omitted. — V. 12. <£<rav : H. 406 
 
 D ; S. Gr. 734, s ; G. § 129, I. Note. — V. 13. tov, demonst.: cf. note 
 on 6, v. 9 : obj. of 2pvK€. — olov : note the breathing : not to be confounded 
 with olov ; but this one alone, in distinction from all the other heroes (dXXot 
 p.ev irdvTes) : or, as some understand it, this one alone, i. e. bereft of all his 
 companions. — Kcxprifie'vov : Lex. XPA12 (B). VI. longing for, with gen. 
 vdo-Tov .... yw^kos: n °f e t ne absence of the article. — V. 14. KaXvtJ/w : 
 see Lex., and note the probable derivation and meaning. — 8ta : Lat. diva: 
 blunderheads sometimes confound this word with the prep. 8td. — Gedcov : 
 H. 128 D, a ; S. Gr. 641 ; G. § 39. —V. 15. <rire<r<ri : Lex. o-ireos.— y\a- 
 cj>vpoio-t : H. 140 D, b ; S. Gr. 646 ; G. § 44. —V. 1©» frros : note again 
 
ODYSSEY I. 3 
 
 the absence of the article, the year came, etc. — irepnrXopevwv : ircpiire'Xo- 
 [xai : stem vowel € syncopated. — evia/uTwv : £ros, the generic word for year : 
 evtavrds, a period of time ; often rendered year : when now the year came, 
 in the revolving periods of time. — V. 17, tw: as relat. H. 243 D ; S. Gr. 
 682 ; G. § 140. — ol (enclit.), dat. H. 230 ; S. Gr. 133 ; G. § 79 : £it€kX»- 
 <ravTO, liriKXwOw (notice the metaphor in this word) : in which the gods had 
 appointed to Mm (lit. had spun the thread for him) to go, etc. — V. 18. 
 ov8* <ivQa is understood by Ameis as correl. of 6>e 8tj, v. 16 : not even then 
 had he escaped from conflicts ; even among his friends. The thought seems 
 clearer to understand ov8 2v0a .... <|nXoio-i as parenthetical and explan- 
 atory of '1Q6.kx\v : not even then (after his arrival in Ithaca ; in allusion to 
 his contest with the suitors) had he, etc. So Faesi and others, who follow 
 Aristarchus. In this case, 0€ol 8' would begin the principal clause, to 
 which 6>e 8^ is subordinate. H. 862, b ; S. Gr. 585, a b ; G. § 227, 2 : 
 ov8' £v0a is sometimes rendered, and not improperly, not even there, i. e. in 
 Ithaca. — d,€0Xcov, gen. with ir€<j>v"ypevos : said to be the only instance of 
 this construction : usu. with the ace. ; may be rendered, released from con- 
 flicts. — V. 19. jj.€Td with dat. poetic. H. 643 ; S. Gr. 447, o. — V. 
 20. IlcxmStttovos, Att. Iloo-eiSwvos. Notice everywhere in Horn, a ten- 
 dency to uncontracted forms. H. 32 D, e; S. Gr. 614; G. § 30, 3. — 
 V. 21. j 08ikttV£: H. 189 D; S. Gr. 661 ; G. § 59, 3. — irdpos .... 
 Ik€o-0ch, before he readied, etc. For the infin. with irptv, or irdpos, see H. 
 769 ; S. Gr. 531, c ; G. § 274. — -fjv : possess, pron. ; cf. v. 5, tjv. 
 
 Vv. 22-95. In the absence of Poseidon, at the instance of Athena, the 
 gods resolve on the return of Odysseus to Ithaca. 
 
 V. 22. 6 pe'v, this one, he (i. e. Poseidon), correlative with ol 8e dXXoi, 
 v. 26. — Al0ioiras (Al0lot|/) : notice the derivat. and meaning. See Lex. 
 
 — |A€T€Kia0e : Lex. p.€Taiad0a>, II. — ioVras : H. 406 D ; S. Gr. 734, s ; G. 
 § 129, I. Partic. — Vv. 23 and 24 are parenthetical, and explanatory of 
 A'UKoiras. — Tot = ot, relat. pron. : cf. note on -ra, v. 17. — ScSaiarai : Lex. 
 8aU> (B). For -arau ( = -vrai), see H. 355 D, e ; S. Gr. 705 ; G. § 122, 2. 
 
 — ^o"xaTot agrees with to£, and is further explained by 01 (j.cv . . . . ot 
 8' .... : some, of the setting Hyperion, others, of the rising (i. e. some, of 
 the "West, or belonging to the West ; others, of the East). The attempt to 
 settle the exact geographical situation of nations, of whom Homer had only 
 the most vague ideas, seems like being "wise above that which is written." 
 
 — c>uo-op.€vov, pres. in meaning ; aor. in form. G. Appendix Suoo : H. 349 
 D ; S. Gr. 699. — V. 25. avnowv : fr. dvndwv, contr. dvncov, with Epic 
 duplication dvnocov. H. 370 D, a; S. Gr. 713 ; G. § 124, 1. Ameis and 
 Faesi regard it as future here, to partake of, to enjoy : Diintzer, as pres., 
 going to meet, going in quest of. It agrees with 6 piv, and takes the gen. 
 CKo/ropP^s. — V. 2"8. £v0 J 6ye, there he, etc. cf. note on ifye, v. 4. — Scuti 
 belongs in idea both with ripirero and with irap^pevos. — 01 8£ 8tj &XX01, 
 but they now, tJie otlicrs. H. 500, d. "In Hm. the demonstrative," etc. : 
 S. Gr. 353, c ; G. § 140, Note 2. —V. 28. touti : Ameis takes this as 
 
4 NOTES. 
 
 dat. of interest (H. 601 ; S. Gr. 437 ; G. § 184, 3, Note 2), depending on 
 the combined idea of p{0a>v ^px € > lit- began words to them, i. e. began to 
 address them : Diintz. and Cr. take it in the sense among these. I agree 
 with Ameis. — V. 2S>. p-vi/jo-axo ([aijjivtjct-koo), augment omitted : with the 
 gen., for he bethought himself, in 'mind, of, etc. — Al-ytcrdoio : see Classical 
 Die. Aegistlms. — V. 30. tov, as rel. pron., whom, obj. of ^ktcxvc (ktcivw). 
 
 — p =pa: a word of frequent occurrence in Horn. : also in the forms dp, 
 and dpa: see Lex. dpa (not to be confounded with dpa, interrog., nor 
 with dpa a subst.) : frequently omitted in translating: yet the student 
 should learn to notice and, if possible,/ec£ its force in the Greek. — V. 31. 
 €mp.vi]cr0€is, eiup.ijj.vTja-scco : gire' — girea, obj. of peTipSa (p.fcT0u;Sd&>). Notice, 
 y\v is a diphthong : usu. pronounced as ev : -8a contr. fr. -8ae, imperf. 3d 
 sing. — V. 32. "12 -sToiroi : an exclamation of astonishment, pain, or dis- 
 satisfaction. In a connection similar to this Grote renders it, Heavens / — 
 otov 8tj vv (Lex. vw), how now, etc. — alnduvTai, aiTidojxai : cf. Gr. ref- 
 erence on dvTicW, v. 25. — V. 33. rjp. £ W (H. 233 D ; S. Gr. 678 ; G. 
 § 79, Note 2) : two syllables in scanning ; synizesis, G. § 10 ; H. 37 ; S. Gr. 
 617. — KaK = KaKa : notice the accent of kolk. G. § 24, 3 ; H. 100 ; S. Gr. 
 61. — e>|i,evai. H. 406 D, 1, Inf. ; S. Gr. 734, s ; G. § 129, 1, Infin., 
 that calamities are from, etc. — V. 34. <r<j>fjo-iv (crepds, G. § 82, Note ; 
 H. 238 D ; S. Gr. 680) dxao-0. cf. v. 7, and notes. —V. 35. 'ArpetSao : 
 patronymic. H. 466 ; S. Gr. 318 ; 1st declens. gen. G. § 39 ; H. 136 D, 
 1 ; S. Gr. 638 : limits dXoxov. See Clas. Die. Atrides, or Atreides. — 
 V. 36. "yfjp.' (-yape'eo) : augment omitted ; ending elided ; = &yr]|«(v). — 
 P>t]o-tt]v : adj. \ivr\o-T6s. — tov, this one, him, i. e. Atreides. — V. Sf. 
 elSws (agrees with Al'-yicrSos) : concessive, though he knew : o'XeGpov, the 
 destruction, i. e. the penalty that would follow the murder.* — irpd .... 
 €iTrop.£v : separated by tmesis : ioc forewarned him: ot (after irpd) enclitic ; 
 hence the two together written irpd ot (lit. we said to him beforehand). — 
 V. 38. irs[x^/avT6s, denotes means, by sending. ' Apyti§6vTi\v ; for the 
 myth, see Class. Die. — V. 39. [jltjt .... Krelveiv, not to slay him 
 (Atreides), depends on irpd .... €iirop.€v. — \ivdacrQai, by duplication of 
 the vowel, for jxvao-0ai (Lex. p,vdop.ai A) : H. 370 D ; S. Gr. 713. —V. 
 4©. tIo-is .... ' Arpiidao, an avenging of Atreides : 'ia-a-erai, H. 406, 
 D, 1, Fu. ; S. Gr. 734, s ; G. § 129, I. Note. —V. 41. tJ^o-t] : T)paa>. 
 
 — r\s (cf. Sv, v. 3) : possess, pron., agrees with a'ujs (fr. ata = -yaia = 
 Att. "yfj). — ijuiperai, in the same const, with t|J3tjo-t), hence, subjunc- 
 tive. For the short connecting vowel, frequent in Hm., see G. § 122, 
 2, Subj. ; H-. 347 D ; S. Gr. 697 : and shall desire his land. Accord- 
 ing to Odys. 3 : 306, Orestes was at Athens at the time of his father's 
 death. — V. 42. m = ovrm, thus : to be carefully distinguished from 
 <os (proclitic): ?4>a0' (&|>aTo), fr. fopi. H. 404 D, 2 ; S. Gr. 734, d; 
 G. § 129, IV. Note. — V. 43. im0'= 2im0e, augment omitted: d7a0d 
 (JspoveW, lit. although thinking (or meaning) what was good: i. e. in warn- 
 ing Aegisthus not to murder Agamemnon. — direTio-€v, diroTivw, has atoned 
 for all things together.— ~V . 44. tov: obj. of r|p.d{3eTO (Lex. dp.ei{3a>, 
 
ODYSSEY I. 5 
 
 II. 2, ansivered, replied to). — V. 46. Kal Xtrjv (= Att. Xiav), and surely : 
 K€ivos, Att. Ikclvos, made emphatic by "ye. H. 850, 1 ; S. Gr. 580, a, that 
 one at least, he at least, i. e. Aegisthus. — eoikoti (Lex. ftnica, II. 2), agrees 
 with oXeGpto (dat. of place, G. § 190 ; H. 612 ; S. Gr. 446, a). — V. 47. 
 a>s diroXoiTO : H. 721, 1, a ; S. Gr. 489, a, b ; G. Greek Moods and 
 Tenses, § 82, Note 3. — 8ti S : H. 246 D ; S. Gr. 683 ; G. § 86, Note 2 : 
 would that any other one also might perish, whoever should, etc. — V. 48. 
 jj.ot : ethical dat. H. 596, c ; S. Gr. 432, d ; G. § 184, 3, Note 5. — d[x«f)L 
 with dat. poetic ; about, for. — SaUTai (Lex. AAIH (B) ; but for my part 
 (lit. for me) my heart is distracted for, etc. — V. 49. 8uo-p.6pa>, 6s kt£., 
 unhappy one, who, etc. It is better to introduce this word in the English 
 sentence, in the same place in which it stands in the Greek ; and so, in 
 general, to- present the thought in English in the same order as in the 
 Greek, so far as the idioms of our language will admit of the same 
 arrangement. — <jnXoov duo : anastrophe. G. § 23, 2 ; H. 102 D, b; 
 S. Gr. 634. — V. 5©. djxcJHpiJTT) : d|xc|>ipvTos (dp.({>{,, around, pita to flow), 
 sea-girt. — 60i t«, where. Note carefully this use of ri. H. 856, a ; S. 
 Gr. 583, b. 6|A<j>aXbs 0aXd<r<rr]s, the centre of the sea. — V. 51. vtjo-os 
 8ev8-, sc. €<ttI, the island is woody. So Am., Diintz., Faesi. But Cr. 
 takes vf]<ros as in appos. with 6[xc}>aXds. — 4v, adv. G. § 191, Note 2 ; H. 
 615 ; S. Gr. 449. 8w|xara may perhaps be rendered as singular, on the 
 same principle as Pao-iXeia, Anabasis, 1, 2, 7, and there (more literally, in 
 it) a goddess inhabits a mansion. — V. 52, 6o-t€, and v. 53, hi tc : cf. note 
 on 60i tc, v. 50. — 2x.ei .... [xaKpds, and holds himself alone (cu>tos) 
 the long pillars, etc. Homer seems to have conceived of the heavens as sup- 
 ported by columns, somewhat like the ceiling of a large hall. Faesi. — 
 V. 54. at ... . dp.4H$ 'iyjovo-iv, which hold asunder, etc. — V. 55. tov : 
 demonst. as usu. in Hm. Note in this verse again the absence of the ar- 
 ticle with 0vydTr|p and with hva-rr\vov : the daughter of this one detains the 
 unhappy man (Odysseus), although he mourns (68vp6p.evov, concessive). — 
 V. 5 K. QiXyei, sc. currdv. — emXrjcreTai, emXc,v0dv<y. Notice the fut. 
 indie, with Sn-cos. H. 756 ; S. Gr. 522, a ; G. § 216, Note 1 : to the end 
 that he shall forget, etc. — Vv. 5§, 59. U'p-gvos .... IjieLpeTcu, longing 
 to perceive even the smoke .... (from utter despair) yearns for death. 
 Oavwiv (0v^ctkco), H. 352 D ; S. Gr. 701 ; G. § 122, 2, Infin. — V. 59. 
 ovhi vv . . . . ^Top, nor now is thy heart turned within thee : uttered re- 
 proachfully. <rot is made emphatic by irep (enclit.). — V. 6©. cplXov : 
 see Lex. <J>lXos, 3. — oti vv r' : vv in a question, see Lex. viv : Cr., Am., 
 F., and others take t here for toi (= <roi. G. § 79, Note 2 ; H. 233 D ; 
 S. Gr. 678) : for the elision, see G. § 12, Note 1 ; H. 70 D ; S. Gr. 626 : 
 did not now Odysseus .... favor thee, etc. Yet Diintz. takes t for re in 
 the Epic use, as in v. 50. The best critics are against him. — vr\v<rL (two 
 syllables) = Att. v<xv<rL II. 189 D ; S. Gr. 666, ad. ; G. § 54. —V. 62. 
 Tpoirj : spoken either of the city or of the country. Here used in the latter 
 sense ; in the spacious Troad. — ri vv ol (dat., as appears at sight from 
 the accent of vv) : why now, etc. — &hv<ra.o : H. 363 ; and 363 D ; S. Gr. 
 
6 NOTES. 
 
 711 ; G. § 114, 2, Note. No pres. 68ij<r<ro(xai, such as a>8v<rao (1. aov., 
 indie, mid.) would suggest, appears to have been used. — V. 63. vzfyt- 
 XTwepeTa : H. 136 D ; S. Gr. 637 ; G. § 39. — V. 64. gpKos : partitive 
 appos. with o-€ : what manner of word has escaped (thee), the fence of thy 
 teeth/ H. 500, h ; S. Gr. 353, b. — V. 65. irws ktI, how then (hotv after 
 all that which you have named) could I, etc. — V. €6. irepl .... ka-ri 
 (-irepieip,), separated by tmesis ; takes the gen. regularly : here with (3po- 
 twv : voov (H. 32 D, e ; S. Gr. 614 ; G. § 43) ace. of specif., is superior to 
 mortals in intelligence. Duntzer connects PpoTwv more closely with #s. 
 This seems less natural, though logically and grammatically admissible ; 
 who, of mortals, is superior in, etc. — uepl (adv.) 8' . . . . &>o)K€, and 
 especially has given, etc. : tpd (fr. Ipov), Att. Upd. Observe that the poet 
 represents the man who excels in intelligence as especially devoted to the 
 gods. — V. 6 1 ?. rot relates to Geoio-iv : cf. note on toi, v. 23. — ovpavov : 
 note again the absence of the article : Eng. idiom, the wide heaven. Yet 
 in Attic Greek the article is not unfrequently omitted in common designa- 
 tions of place and time. H. 530, b ; S. Gr. 379, c. — V. 69. KvkXw- 
 iros (note the deriv.) : gen. of cause, on account of the Cyclops. See Class. 
 Die. — ov relates to K-ukAottos: aXaoxrev (dXadw), subj. 'OSvo-axus: d<}>8aX- 
 |aov joined with dXdcotrev as a verb of depriving. H. 580, a ; S. Gr. 422, 
 aa ; G. § 174 : whom he deprived of an eye (lit. whom he blinded of an eye). 
 V. ^O. IIoXi^jxov, appos. with Bv. — 6ov : H. 243 D ; S. Gr. 682 ; 
 G. § 86, Note 2. — Sfcnce (blunderers confound this with &rxe) : H. 406 D, 
 1, 3d pers. ; 410 D ; S. Gr. 734, s ; 738 ; G. § 129, I. Note ; § 122, 2. 
 Iterative endings. — V. H\, ir&a-iv (v movable before a consonant to 
 make the ultima long by position) KvKXcoTrecrori (H. 154 D; S. Gr. 655 ; 
 G. § 59, 1), among all the Cyclopes: may be viewed' as dat. of place, or 
 perhaps dat. of interest in looser relations. So Faesi. — p.iv (H. 233 D ; 
 3d pers. ace. sing. ; S. Gr. 678 ; G. § 79, Note 2) obj. of T6Ke (= ^tckc, fr. 
 tIktw), bore him. — V. f2. jjlc'Sovtos, ruler of, etc., or as particip. ruling, 
 etc., explains OdpKvvos. — V. fS. o-ire'cro-i : G. § 59, 1; H. 154 D, b; 
 S. Gr. 655 ; fr. o-rreos. — Iloo-aS- piyeiara. (piyvvpi), having met with Posei- 
 don. — V. 74L, k tov : "always temporal in Hm., and refers to v. 69." 
 Am., Diintz. Yet Or., following the scholiast, makes it causal : 8rj is re- 
 sumptive. H. 851, a ; S. Gr. 580, d, from that time, I say (the time 
 Avhen Odysseus made the Cyclops blind) ; or, on this account, I say. — 
 V. f«5. outi .... 8e, does not (indeed) slay .... but drives (lit. causes 
 to wander), etc. — irarptSos aiTjs : notice here Trarpts as adj. : in Att. usu. 
 subst. — V. ^6. otyeG' ( = d-ysre) : an exclamation, but come ! Cf. Lat. 
 age! — irepnj>pa^p.€0a : H. 720, a; S. Gr. 488, a ; G. § 253; let us, who 
 are present (ot'Se, fr. oSe, lit. these), all plan, etc. — V. 7"%. oirais £X6t)(ti 
 (£pXop.ai, 2d aor. subjune. 3d, sing, written also £X8t]o-i. H. 361 D ; S. Gr. 
 710; G. § 122, 2, Subj.), to the end that he may go (home). — p.e0T|o-€i 
 (|xe0u]|Ai.), a simple declaration, denoting the confidence of Zeus, the speaker: 
 will remit, will give up.— Y. f§. 6v, possessive, his: cf. tjv, v. 5. — 
 ov . . . . ti, not in any respect, not at all: cf.- oliri, v. 75. — V. f@. 
 
ODYSSEY I -III. 7 
 
 &0av- deKTjTi Gewv, without the consent of the immortal gods, is added to 
 ctvT(a irdvT«v, against all, for emphasis. So Am., Diintz., Faesi. — IpiSai- 
 V€>€v : infill. H. 359 D ; S. Gr. 708 ; G. § 122, 2, Infin. — olos agrees 
 with subj. of 8uvtjo-€tcu : note the breathing and distinguish fr. olcs. — 
 Vv. 8©, 81. cf. vv. 44, 45. Such repetitions are frequent in Hm. — 
 V. 82, tovto <j>(,Xov, sc. eo-rt : if now this is agreeable to, etc. — V. 8S. 
 'OSvo-fja, subj. of vocTTjo-ai, that the prudent Odysseus return, etc. — ov8e 
 8opov8e: meaning of the ending -8e ? H. 203, c; S. Gr. 114; G. § 61. 
 Other local endings and their meanings ? Notice that it is here annexed 
 both to the noun and to pronoun : to his home. — Yv. 84, 85. 'Eppetav 
 obj. of 6t P vvo|A€V (subjunc. G. § 122, 2 ; H. 347 D ; S. Gr. 697 : cf. ijwt- 
 perai, v. 41 : an exhortation, cf. 7r€p«{>pa£i6p.€0a, v. 76, note), let us de- 
 spatch Hermes, etc. — 6c}>pa .... et'irrj, that he may announce, etc. — 
 V. 8G. IvTrXoKdfJLO) (ev, well; irXoKajxos, a curl, or a braid; ttXckg), to 
 twine, or to braid) : usu. rendered fair-haired ; but this is not very accu- 
 rate. It means either, with fair curls, or with well-braided locks, — prob- 
 ably the latter. So Diintz. and Am., who cite in illustration II. XIV. 
 176. x. a ^ Ta $ irefjap.evr], X € P°" 1 TXoKd|JLovs ^irXe^e <f>a,€ivovs (spoken of Hera), 
 having combed her hair, with her hands, she braided her shining locks. — 
 V. S 1 ?. vdo-Tov, appos. with Po-uXrjv : our infallible purpose, the return of, 
 etc. — ws K€ ( = Attic. &v) ve'i^Tai, to the end that lie may go : an emphatic 
 pleonasm, similar to oircus ?X0tjo-i, v. 77. — Vv. 88, 89. ct/uTap, correla- 
 tive of p.€V, v. 84. — ol (enclit., and hence in the text without accent) in 
 w. 88, 89, "dat. of interest in looser relations" : H. 601 ; S. Gr. 437 ; G. 
 § 184, 3: is not properly, I think, viewed as "dat. of the possessor": 
 that I may the more rouse up for him his son, etc. The second ot (in v. 89) 
 refers to vlov. — ev cppccrt. Notice here a frequent idiom in Hm., kv with 
 dat., joined with a verb expressing or implying motion. Force of this 
 construction? H. 618, a; S. Gr. 448, b. — Qdu (ti0tkxi) : G. § 128, 2; 
 H. 400 D, i ; S. Gr. 730. — V. 90. KaXcVavra (instead of KaXeVavrt 
 agreeing with ot) agrees with the implied subj. of drrcnrcpev (= Att. diret- 
 ir € iv, G. § 122, 2, Infin. ; H. 359 D ; S. G. 708) : (cf. Xapovra, Anab. 1, 
 2, 1) : that he having called .... speak out (a prohibition) to all, etc. — 
 V. 91. olVe (So-Te) : H. 856, a ; S. Gr. 583, b : relates to p.viio-TT|peo-<riv 
 (H. 154 D, b; S. Gr. 655; G. § 59, 1). — ot (enclit.), dat. of interest, to 
 his injury, at his expense : cf. ol, vv. 88, 89. — V. 92. p^X' ( = pfjXa) : 
 Lex. pfjXov (A). — V. 93. iri^ta, sc. aoTov, I will send him (Telem- 
 achus). — V. 94« voo-tov, obj. of treucropsvov (fut. particip. denoting 
 purpose, fr. irw0dvop.ai), to inquire about the return of, etc. — V. 95. 
 tcXfcos, subj. of 'iyj\<riv (pres. subjunc. 3d sing. ; cf. ^XOtjcti and note, v. 77) : 
 lit. and that a noble fame may possess him, etc. 
 
 BOOK II. —Council of the Chiefs of Ithaca. 
 
 BOOK III. — Telemaclms. attended by Athena in the Form of Men- 
 tor, proceeds to Pylus, and has an Interview with Nestor. 
 
8 NOTES. 
 
 BOOK IV. — Telemachus proceeds to Sparta. Interview with 
 
 Menelaus. 
 
 BOOK V. — Departure of Odysseus from the Island of Calypso. He 
 is wrecked on the Island of Phaeacia. 
 
 BOOK VI. — Nausicaa, Daughter of Alcinous, King of Phaeacia, dis- 
 covers Odysseus. 
 
 BOOK VII. — Odysseus repairs to the Court of Alcinous, and is favor- 
 ably received. 
 
 BOOK VHI. — Entertainment and Games in Honor of Odysseus. 
 
 BOOK IX. — Odysseus rehearses his Adventures. The Cicons, the 
 IiOtophagi, the Cyclops. 
 
 Vv. 152-215. A hunt and feast on an island not far from the land of 
 the Cyclops. On the following day, Odysseus sails to the land of the Cy- 
 clops and repairs to the cave of Polyphemus. 
 
 V. 152. <j>avT] (<j>alvto), augment omitted. — V. 153. vr\crov, the 
 
 island: described in the passage just preceding. Notice here again the 
 
 omission of the article. ixeo-Ba (Att. -(ie8a) : G. § 122, 2 ; H. 355, U, 
 
 d ; S. Gr. 704. — k<xt o,vtt|v, over it, in it, i. e. the island. — V. 154. 
 wp<rav (6pvup.i), roused, started up; takes crf/yas for obj. — al-yt-ov^oio (Att. 
 ending -ov) : Lex. atyioxos. — V. 157. vr\<av (Att. vewv) : G. § 54 ; H. 
 189 D; S. Gr. QQQ, ad. — 8id .... KOo-p/rjGe'vTes (8taKO<rp,£w) : tmesis: 
 G. § 191, Note 3; H. 477, 616; S. Gr. 450. — Tpi X a, adv. ; having ar- 
 ranged ourselves in three parties. — V. 158. fBdWojicv, imperf. with 
 omitted augment. — Y. 159. €Kda-rr\v, sc. vrja (Att. vaw). — V. 160. 
 Xa-yx av °v : Lex. \ay\o-vm, iv. — ep.ol .... ol'a>, for me alone. — £fjeXov 
 (kf-aipia>) : (augment omitted, and hence the accent drawn back on the 
 prep. H. 368, b ; S. Gr. 249, a), they took out. Cf. v. 550 ff. — V. 161. 
 ije'Xiov (Att. fjXiov) : notice here again the fondness for the confluence of 
 vowel sounds in the Ionic dialect. — V. 162. ao-ircTa, abundant. — V. 
 163. €|e<f>8i.To : Lex. ck^Oivco. — V. 16<4. kvir\v (Att. Ivtjv, fr. cv, 
 elfxi) : subj. otvos : but it lasted (or held out) in {them, the ships). ■ — iroXXdv 
 (— Att. iroXw, sc. oivov), obj. of Tj<J>iia-a[i6v {a$va-<r<a). — iv d|i<{>i<j>op- : 
 notice here the use of ev with the dat. H. 618, a ; S. Gr. 448, b : toe each 
 drew much (wine and stored it) in jars. — V. 166. kovrcav (elp-C) : H. 
 406 D ; S. Gr. 734, s ; G. § 129, 1, Note : agrees with KvkXcGitov. — V. 
 16 7, kcutvov and <j>@oyyt]v are both placed as objects of IX€V)cro-o|i.6V 
 (Xeu<ro-co) ; t^oy^'v by zeugma. H. 882 ; S. Gr. 595 (c). In v. 166. 
 
 €Xci»o-<rop.ev is intrans. : here, trans, we looked into the land of, etc 
 
 we beheld the smoke (and heard) the voice of themselves and of the sheep, etc. 
 
 — V. 16§. cirl .... fjXGev, tmesis : KV€<j>as, subj., darkness came on. 
 
 — V. 169. Koip.-q9T]}jLev (koi{j.c£w), aug. omitted. — V. Itfl. d"yopT|v 
 (notice the Ionic preference for the vowel t]) Oe'fjievos, liaving appointed an 
 
ODYSSEY IX. 9 
 
 assembly. — Notice [ierd with dat. H. 643 ; S. Gr. 447, o : among all 
 (Att. iv with dat.). — fewrov : H. 450 D, 8 ; S. Gr. 740, e k ; G. Appen- 
 dix. — V. 172. "AXXoi, appos. with subj. of jjujivere, do ye, the others, 
 etc. — eplnpes, Lex. €ptt]pos. — V. 173. iTdpoi<riv : Lex. Ircupos. — 
 V. IT 1 4. eXQcov .... TTCLpTJcrofiat (notice the vowel tj), having gone, 
 will try ; or more freely, will go and try : t«v8' dvSpalv (Att. twvSc t<ov 
 dv8p<3v. H. 538, a ; S. Gr. 382, d ; G. § 142, 4), yonder men. — V. 175. 
 •i] . . . . f|e : whetlier . . . . or. — p' = pa. Lex. dpa : epic usage. Note 
 the frequent use and the meaning of this word in Hm. Not usually 
 rendered. — ol'-ye, they: of. 8"ye, 1; 4; sc. curiv. — V. 176. icai <r<jnv 
 (= <r<f>i<riv : G. § 79, Note*2 ; H. 233 D ; S. Gr. 678. Dat. of possessor. 
 G. § 184, 4 ; H. 598 ; S. Gr. 434) .... i<rrC : and tJiere is to them, and 
 they have, etc. — V. It"?, dvd vrjbs (= Att. vews, fr. vaOs) Z$r\v is ex- 
 plained as an instance of tmesis, equivalent to vnbs avifir\v ; the gen. vr\6s 
 being thus dependent on the compound verb, and not on the preposition. 
 So Am., Diintz., and others. Would it not seem more natural, and in ac- 
 cordance with the apparent fact, to admit that dvd may take the gen. ; and 
 in this and similar instances — of which several occur — to make vtjos de- 
 pend on dvd? So Cr. ; G. § 191, 1, Note. — V. 178. avTovs agrees 
 with the subj. of dfipaivav (= dvapaivav. H. 73 D ; S. Gr. 628 ; G. § 12, 
 Note 3), both to embark themselves, and, etc. — dvd .... Xv<rai : Lex. 
 dvaXvco, to loose, etc. — V. 17 9. el'o-paivov (= €lo-e(3aivov) : aug. omit- 
 ted, and hence the accent on the preposition. Cf. i^eXov, v. 160, note. — 
 kXtjio-i : Lex. KXeis, iv. — V. 180. rvirrov (tvittw) : aug. omitted. — 
 V. 181. tov x»pov. H. 551 ; S. Gr. 396 ; G. § 162. But when already 
 we arrived at thej)lace (or perhaps tov as demonst. at that place), mentioned 
 v. 166. —V. 182. '4vQa 8 € \ H. 862, b ; S. Gr. 585, a b ; G. § 227, 2 : 
 then, etc. Note carefully this use of Si. — eir eVxaTiTJ, at the extreme part, 
 at the very border (of the place) : made still more definite by the description 
 a-yx 1 0aXao-o-T|s. — V. 184. 6"ies .... alyes : appos. with p.T]Xa, flocks. 
 — laveo-Kov : lavco. Force of the ending ctkov ? H. 410 D ; S. Gr. 738 ; 
 G. § 122, 2. — irepi : adv. round about : avXfy a yard, a court-yard. — V. 
 185. 8e'8p/r|TO, pluperf. : aug. omitted. Lex. Sep-co. — Kar(apv\4e<r<ri 
 (Lex. Kcn\opvxT|S and Kax(5pv|) XiGoicriv, with deep-laid stones, "which 
 might serve as seats." Am., Diintz., and others. — V. 187. eviaue (iv, 
 lavw), lodged within: ireXwpios, a monster. — pa, Lex. dpa. Epic use. Cf. 
 v. 175, note : ri, epic use. H. 856 ; S. Gr. 583, b. — V. 188. iroiuaC- 
 V€<tk€v (iroifiaCva)) : aug. omitted : iterative ending. Cf. note on laveo-Kov, 
 v. 184. — V. 189. d0€fuo-Tia flS*] (otSa), knew lawless (deeds): i. e. 
 acknoioledged no laws. — V. 190. Kal yap connects this sentence closely 
 to the foregoing both in a copulative and in a causal relation. It is usual 
 to render only the latter word, for. — hirvKro (tcvxw), he had been made, 
 he was a gigantic wonder, etc. - — ewK€i, 2oiKa. — '6re .... otov, when it 
 (the woody peak) appears alone, etc. — F., Am., and Cr. read 6 t«, which, 
 etc. — V. 194. avTov, adv. as often in Att. : irdp = irapd. H. 73 D ; 
 S. Gr. 628 ; G. § 12, Note 3 : there by the ship. — 'ipvvQai. H. 405 D, 2, 
 
10 NOTES. 
 
 b ; S. Gr. 734, n ; Lex. Ipvw, iv. — V. 196. (3t)v = '4$r\v, fr. paivw. — 
 al'-yeov do-Kov, a goat-skin, such as is still used for the same purpose every- 
 where in Greece and the neighboring lands : fyov — &X°v : oivoio limits 
 do-Kov. — V. 108. os ... . d{j.<}>i.f3e[3T|K€i (djjujnpaivo)), lit. who had 
 walked about Ismarus (the city of the Ciconians), i. e. who had protected 
 Ismarus, before it was sacked by Odysseus. — V. 199. ovvcko,, because, 
 introduces the reason why Maron gave the wine to Odysseus. — ji.lv (H. 
 233 D, under %o : S. Gr. 678 ; G. § 79, Note 2), obj. of i^pio-yo^ea (Lex. 
 •jrepw'xco, mid.), we protected him together with, etc. — V. 200. »K€i, 
 oiK&o. — V. 201. iropev (Lex. irdpa>. In what tenses used?) : he gave, 
 etc. — V. 204. otvov, sc. Soke (Att. gSwKs). — cv . . . . irdo-iv, in jars, 
 twelve in all : or, in full twelve jars : irao-iv agrees with dp.cj)-. — V. 205. 
 avrdv, i. e. otvov, obj. of -rjeCS^ (oI8a. G. § 130, 2, Note ; H. 409 D, 6 ; 
 S. G. 737, i). — o>t£a>v (irreg. accent. G. § 25, 3, Note; H. 160, exc. c ; 
 S. Gr. 92, c) and d|j.4 >| '' ir o^ >v limit tis, nor did any one of, etc. The dis- 
 tinction between these two words in meaning is not very clear. Voss ren- 
 ders, Keiner der Knecht', und keine der dienenden Magd' in der Wohnung 
 {None of the men-servants, and none of the maid-servants, etc.). The ety- 
 mology (8jxwwv fr. 8ajj.au), to subdue, enslave; dji.4>i.''roX&>v, dp.<|>C, around, 
 and iroXeo), to turn, to go about) indicates rather a distinction of class than 
 of sex. So perhaps we may render it, nor did any one of the slaves or of 
 the attendants, etc. — V. 207 . dXX' atrrds, but he himself i. e. Maron. — 
 cj>i\r| qualifies dXoxos. — |j.l* oitj : an emphatic expression : one (person) 
 alone. — tov, demonst. : otvov, definitive appos. H. 500, d; S. Gr. 353, 
 c. — 6>e mvoiev : hypothet. relat. sentence. H. 757 ; S. Gr. 523 ; G. 
 § 233 : and whenever they (the persons mentioned in the verse above) 
 drank of this, the honey -sweet, red wine. — Y. 209. ep.irXT|a-as (Lex. ep.- 
 ir£ir\T||f.i, fr. ev, mjiirXTjui. H. 403, 7, Rem. a ; S. Gr. 273, f. Eem. f a) : 
 sing, although the plur. mvoiev is used just above : lie having filled one cup 
 (with the wine). — vSaros limits uerpa. — dvd, separated by tmesis from 
 \iv' ( = €X €V€ > aor. fr. x«">) ■ ^e poured on (it, in the mixer) twenty, etc. : 
 or, as Ameis, Faesi, and others understand it, he poured (it, the cup of 
 wine) on twenty, etc. The former seems more natural. — V. 210. 68<o- 
 8ei : o£o>. The same stem with 68|x-r) : can hardly be imitated in English 
 {a siveet smell was smelt). "We may render it, a sweet odor arose, etc. — 
 V. 211. 0€o-7r€o-ta] : more emphatic than ^Seia, and in an emphatic posi- 
 tion : a divine (fragrance). — otfroi : a strengthened negative: join with 
 <}>iXov : it would not indeed be pleasant to abstain from (it, the mingled wine 
 and water) : diroo-xto-Oai, dire'xw : tJ€V, cf. 1, 18. — V. 212. tov : gen. 
 with verb of filling. H. 575 ; S. Gr. 418 ; G. § 172 : <}Sepov = e^epov : 
 having filled a large skin with this (wine) I bore (it). — irja : Lex. fyia, sc. 
 c^e'pov : and in a leathern sack (I bore) provisions also for the way: ^a may 
 be in form 1st pers. sing, imperf. indie, of etp.i. See Gr. The verb and 
 the noun can, therefore, be distinguished only by the connection. — V. 
 218. o'to-aro : Lex. ol'ouai : my daring mind suggested to me the thought, 
 etc. — V. 214. The best critics differ as to the const, of avSpa : some 
 
ODYSSEY IX. 11 
 
 taking it as subj. ; others, as obj. of the comp. verb iireXevcreo-Qcu (Iir^pxo- 
 (iai) : that I should go to a man, etc. ; or, that a man would approach. On 
 the whole, I am inclined, with Ameis, to the latter const. Cf. eirijXGe, v. 
 233. — liri€i|xevov : Lex. kirUvwyx : cLXktjv, const. ? H. 553, a ; S. Gr. 
 398, a ; G. § 164 ; § 166, Note 2 : clothed in great strength. 
 
 Vv. 216-251. They reach the cave of Polyphemus : the companions 
 of Odysseus wish to return to the ship ; but he remains till the Cyclops 
 returns with his flocks, and espies the strangers. 
 
 V. 216. ovSi in rendering is often divided into its component parts ; 
 but we did not find him (pav), i. e. the Cyclops. — V. 2 IT. vojjlov (notice 
 the accent, distinguishing it from vdp-ov law) Kara (anastrophe. Cf. diro, 
 1: 49), he was feeding his fat flocks in a pasture. — V. 218. l0r]CTijjX€o-8a 
 (0T]€O[iai) : for the contraction to = ev, see H. 32 D, f ; S. Gr. 615 ; G. § 124, 
 2 : ending -|ieo-0a. H. 355 D, d ; S. Gr. 704 ; G. § 122, 2. —V. 221. 
 2p\aTo (Lex. eipYta, and '4py<a) : pluperf., indie, pass., 3d pers. plur. : the 
 ending -vto, changed to -a/ro, and the preceding mute aspirated. G. § 122, 
 2 ; H. 355 D, e ; 392, Kern, a ; S. Gr. 261, a ; 705 : being separated (8ia- 
 K€Kpip.€vai, SiaKpivw) into distinct flocks, they were kept apart. — X W P >1 S 
 piv .... x w P L s 8e . . . . x w P <l s 8' afiO' : in one place .... and in an- 
 other .... and again in another. — V. 222. vcuov : Lex. vaito, A. III. 
 
 — V. 223. Tenryfieva (Lex. Tevy^j II. 2) : agrees with dyyca : and all the 
 vessels tvere filled with whey, both the pails amdpans, well made, into which 
 he milked. — V. 224:. irpcoTio-0^ irpwTio-Ta : followed by a-uTap Hirara : 
 first of cell .... but after that, etc. — V. 225. TupcSv : partitive gen. : 
 alvvpe'vovs agrees with the subj. of Uvat, sc. f,|xds : that we taking of the 
 cheese go, etc. — V. 229'. lijeXdo-avras, same const, with alvupevovs : 
 that we having driven hastily from tlie folds to the swift ship both kids, etc. 
 
 — V. 228. fj t 1 &v . . > . fjev : and surely it would have been far better, 
 sc. el imOcp^v, if I had yielded. H. 746, 752 ; S. Gr. 514 ; 520, b ; G. 
 § 222 ; § 226, 2. — V. 229, 6<f>p .... I'Soipa : closely connected with 
 cSLXX' .... Tri0o(xrjv. The intervening clause is parenthetical. — V. 23©. 
 ov8* .... go-eo-Gcu, but he (the Cyclops) was not, when he appeared, about 
 to be, etc. — V. 231. K-qavTcs : Kalco. — ical civtoI .... cj>d"yop.ev (k<rQ'iw), 
 ourselves also .... ate. Not only did they offer to the gods burnt-offer- 
 ings of the cheese, but partook themselves also : Tupwv alvvp-evot, cf. v. 225. 
 Rather free use they made of the provisions of the Cyclops ! — V. 233. 
 elos, Att. &os, until. — oppipov kt!., lit. a mighty load- of dry wood: 
 6ppi|xov, used metaphorically ; a mighty load, i. e. a load which required 
 great strength to bear it. — V. 234.. iroTiSdpmov : Lex. irpoo-Sdpmov : 
 an aid to the evening meal. Voss renders, dass bei Licht er dsze zu Abend: 
 that lie might eat by a light at evening. This is rather an explanation than 
 a translation. — V. 235. (3aXcov, sc. d\0os vXtjs. He first within the 
 cave cast down the load of wood, and then proceeded to drive in the flocks. 
 V. 236. dire(T(rtip.e0a : diroo-etiw. — 238. pdXa, join with irdvTa, as in 
 several other instances in Horn. ; is intensive ; see Lex. pdXa. — 6<ra-' : 
 
12 NOTES. 
 
 Lex. oVos: the a- doubled for the metre. — ^[i^X-yc : a\i(Ky<»> : cf. the comp. 
 IvdneX^ev, v. 223. — 0v P T]4>tv : H. 206 D ; S. Gr. 639 ; G. § 61, Note 3 : 
 dat. of place, at the door : further explained by Pa0eb]s 2kto0£v avXfjs, on 
 the outside, within the deep yard: avXfjs, gen. of place. See Lex. 4'kto0€v. 
 The reading evroGev (= €VToo-0ev) is preferred by Am. and F. Thus cuiXfjs 
 depends on €vto0€v, within the deep yard. This certainly seems far simpler 
 and more natural. — V. 240. €tt€0t]K€ (€iriTi0r||xi), he placed upon (the 
 doorway). — 0vpedv : pronounced, in scanning, in two syllables ; synizesis. 
 H. 37 ; S. Gr. 617 ; G. § 10 : is the obj. both of €tt€0t]K€ and of delpas. — 
 V. 241. 6f3pt|iov : cf. note, v. 233 : emphatic position. — ovk dv . . . . 
 oxXicrcrnav : not tivo-and-twenty wagons, strong, four-wheeled, could move this 
 from the ground. The expression presents the picture of a large number of 
 strong teams ; but how they could all be used at once to move the huge 
 door, unless they were detached from the wagons and hitched together, is 
 not very apparent. We may perhaps render it, not the power of twenty -tivo 
 wagons .... could move, etc. So Faesi : T€Tpdi<v«<Xoi, first three syllables 
 long. — V. 243. 0vpT|o-iv (depends on €ir- ; on the doorway) : plur. ; per- 
 haps to denote the great size of the entrance. — V. 245. 7rdvTa ica/rd 
 (jioipav : all things in order ; or, ivholly in order : irdvTa may be taken as adv. 
 ace. — vir .... fjKcv : tmesis : 4s<do-Tr|, governed by vtt : under each he 
 placed a suckling. — V. 246. 0pe\}/as : Tpifyot. — V. 247. dp.T)o-dp.6vos : 
 d|xd(». — V. 248. 64»pa .... alvu[A€va> : lit. that it might be to him tak- 
 ing (it) to drink: i. e. that it might serve him, in taking (of it), for drink. 
 Const, of irtveiv? H. 765 ; S. Gr. 529 ; G. § 265. — ir<m8dpTriov : cf. v. 
 234. — V. 250. <rjT€vo-€ irovqo-d[Aevo$ : hastily performed (H. 801 ; S. Gr. 
 546, e ; G. § 277, 2) : lit. hastened having performed — rd d £p"ya, these his 
 labors. Perhaps an American would say, these his chores. — V. 251. iri)p 
 dveKcue (dvaKditt) indicates that the fire mentioned v. 231 had burned 
 down. — *i<ri8€v : augment omitted ; hence, recessive accent : T|p.€a$ (Att. 
 •f)jxds), the obj. equally of €l'<ri8ev and of d'pero : els denotes properly the 
 act of glancing within, and rjp.eas is obj. of 'i8ev : glancing within (the cave), 
 he saiv (us) and questioned us. 
 
 Vv. 252-286. The Cyclops inquires of the strangers who they are. 
 Odysseus replies, and seeks to move the compassion of the monster, who 
 answers with blasphemy, and questions Odysseus about his ship. 
 
 V. 252. -n-XeiG' = irXeire, fr. uXeo.— V. 253. ^ : interrog. H. 828, 
 b ; 829 ; S. Gr. 566, b ; G. § 282, 2. — tI, adv. ace. — KaTa -n-p^iv, on 
 business. — Y. 254. old t€ (Epic use of tc), like. — toit' (— toi, relat., 
 and re), who. — dXcWrai (dXaojiat) : H. 370 D, a ; S. Gr. 713 ; G. § 124, 
 1. — V. 255. irap0€p.€voi, irapaTL0Tj(jLi. — V. 256. &f>a0 5 ( = c^aro = 
 Att. €<{>T]). — T||itv : dat. of interest in looser relations. — KaT€KXd<r0n : 
 KaTaKXdu. — <j>iXov : little more than a possessive pronoun in force. Lex. 
 <j>tXos, 3 : and as for us, on the other hand, our heart was broken down, while we 
 feared, etc. Seicravrcov, gen. abs. sc. tj^wv, implied in tjjjuv expressed just 
 before. — V. 258. dXXd Kcd «s, but even thus (i. e. although smitten 
 
ODYSSEY IX. 13 
 
 with terror). —V. 259. 'Hp.et$, subj. of ^X0op.ev, v. 262. — TpoiT]0ev : 
 
 " belongs with oiKciSe U'jicvoi," Dlintz. ; "belongs with *)X0op.ev," Arneis, 
 Faesi. Does it not belong with both words ? — diroirXa-yxOevTes (diroirXd^w, 
 cf. 1:2): driven away from (our course). — V. 261. dXX^v 68bv, &XXa 
 K^XevGa : adv. ace. : a usage of dXXos hard to render ; lit. by another way, 
 by other journeyings. Perhaps we may render freely, by various ways, by 
 various journeyings. The Greek expresses briefly and emphaticalty the 
 wanderings of Odysseus. — V. 262. ovrco irov (Lex. irou, 2), thus, no 
 doubt ; or, thus, I suppose. — p.T)Tl<racr0cu, to carry out his plan. Am. — V. 
 263. Xaoi : predicate with etveu. H. 775 ; S. Gr. 536, b ; G. § 136, Note 
 2 : we boast that we are people of, etc. — 'ArpeiSeco (-Sew in one syllable in scan- 
 ning ; synizesis) : H. 136 D \ S. Gr. 638 ; G. § 39. —V. 264. tov limits 
 kXcos. Notice here the force of 8tj. H. 851 ; S. Gr. 580, d. — p-e'-yio-Tov 
 is predicate ; kXcos, subj. — V. 265. 8ieirepo-e (8icnr€p0(o), sacked. — V. 
 266. rjpets 8' afire : but we, on the other hand (i. e. we, in distinction from 
 Agamemnon). — tcL ord -yowa (= -yd vara, fr. -yovv) belongs in thought -both 
 with the preceding and with the following word : arriving at, have approached 
 these thy knees. — V. 267. el, (to ascertain) if. — V. 268. tjt€ (Epic 
 use of -re) ... . lorlv : which is the right of strangers. — V. 269. alSeio 
 (alSeojJtai) = alSe'eo = alSe'ou = Att. alSoii. — elp-e'v : H. 406 D, 1 ; S. Gr. 
 734, s ; G. § 129, I. Note ; toi (enclit.) dat. sing. = <roi. H. 233 D ; S. 
 Gr. 678 ; G. § 79, I. Note 2. —V. 2 TO. Zevs, sc. eo-rt. — V. 271. i-d- 
 vios, Lex. £e'vios. — V. 272. e4>dp/rjv : cf. e(pa0 J , and note, v. 256. — V. 
 273. vrprids ds = Att. et H. 406 D, 1 ; S. Gr. 734, s ; G. § 129, I. 
 Note. Observe that els is enclitic, although et is orthotone. G. § 27, 3 ; H. 
 406, Rem. b; S. Gr. 277, b: you are foolish. — elX^|Xov0as : epxopai. — 
 V. 274. Ke'Xeai : H. 355. Mid. : 363 D ; S. Gr. 240 ; 711 ; G. § 122, 
 2, Indie. 8ei.Sip.ev : 8ei8co, 8e(,8ia, 8ei8oiKa, 8e'8ia, 8e'8oiKa (the last two are 
 Attic) : G. Appendix ; H. 409, 5 ; 409 D, 5 ; S. Gr. 280, e ; 737, g ; 8ei- 
 Si'uev, infin. H. 359 D ; S. Gr. 708 ; G. § 122, 2, Infin. — dXe'ao-0cu (1 aor. 
 infin. ) : dXe'op.ai and dXeviopcu : you who bid me either to fear or to avoid (the 
 wrath of ) the gods. — V. 276. eireiT) : penult short in scanning. H. 86 
 D (3) ; S. Gr. 631. Some editors write here eirel ^j. — V. 277. dv, with 
 irecpiSolp/qv (4>ei.8op.ai), which takes the gen. (<rev = Att. <rov, accented, 
 hence emphatic; and eVdpiov). — V. 279. ei<J>' = elire (imper. fr. etirov). 
 But tell me to what point in coming you held, etc. i. e. to what point in coming 
 you steered, etc. — V. 280. ^ . . . . \ whether .... or. — Saeia> (aor. 
 pass, subjunc.) : Lex. AAiX II. that I may learn. — V. 281. <j>dTO : aug- 
 ment omitted : = e<{>aTO, cf. v. 256. — eue .... Xd0ev : but he did not elude 
 me, i. e. he did not deceive me. — elSoTO, (olSa) agrees with e'pe', and takes 
 iroXXd as obj. — V. 282. a\|/oppov, back, i. e. in reply, qualifies irpocrt'- 
 4>-qv. — V. 283. Ne'a (= Att. vavv, fr. vavs) : — one long syllable, by 
 synizesis : obj. of Kcn-ea^e ( KctTd-yvvpi ) : poi, dat. of interest. — V. 284. 
 |3aXwv (sc. ve'a), having cast (it). — v\ir\$ (vp-ds, d, or i\, dv = iipe'repos), 
 qualifies "you-ris, of your land. — V. 285. aKprj irpocnreXdo-as (irpoa-rreXd^a)) : 
 H. 605 ; S. Gr. 439 ; G. § 187. — dvepos e'K ttovtov are closely joined in 
 
14 NOTES. 
 
 thought : 7rovTOs (as distinguished fr. 8dXa<ro-a, the generic word for sea, 
 or the sea in distinction from the land) means the deep sea, or as we say, the 
 high sea. So here, we may say, a wind from the high sea : gveiKev (<j>€p«) = Att. 
 ■^v€-yK€v, bore (the ship) away — V. 286. vire'K<|>v70v = Att. (nre^vyov. 
 
 Vv. 287 - 352. Three meals of the Cyclops, in which he devours six men 
 (two at a meal) : plan of Odysseus for revenge and escape. 
 
 Y. 288. 4ir! .... I'aXXev (tmesis), takes the ace. x^ipas and the dat. 
 erdpots. — V. 289. <rvv .... |xdp\Jms : <rup.p.dpiTT<o. — wore (Epic use 
 of tc), as, like. — V. 290. Ik ... . pee: eKpe'w. — V. 291. tovs, obj. 
 of 8td .... Tap.wv (8iaT€|xvw). — a>7rXio-o-a.To (6irXi£a>) : mark the force 
 of the mid. ; he got ready for himself — V. 292. dire'Xcnrev (diroXtbrw), 
 nor did he leave anything remaining. — V. 293. ^kcito, ktc, obj. of -f^crGie. 
 
 — V. 294. dv€crx€0op.ev : dve'x«. G. Appendix ; H. 411 D ; S. Gr. 739. 
 Outstretched hands, with the palms upward, was a common attitude in 
 supplication. — V. 295. dp.T]xavtT] : derivation ? See Lex. Perhaps 
 despair comes nearest to the meaning. Perplexity, trouble, distress, are words 
 rather too weak for the connection. - — V. 296. €[xirXT|craTO : €|nrlTrXT]|i.i : 
 cf. ejrrrXTjo-as, v. 212, note. — V. 29 1 ?. kit' .... ttivcov : Lex. eiriirlvco. 
 
 — V. 298. kcit 1 = 2k€ito : K€?p,at. — Tavv<rcrd|A6V0S 8id jjltjXwv, stretched 
 along among his flocks. — V. 299. tov, obj. of ovrdpevai (Lex. ovra<a), 2 
 aor. infm. act. G. Appendix ; H. 408 D, 21 ; S. Gr. 740, jr. — V. 301. 
 60i .... Zyjovtriv, where the midriff ($p(ve$) holds the liver, — a point most 
 vulnerable and vital. — V. 302. x^p' (= X €l P^) €iri|xao-o-dp.€vos (eirijjKuo- 
 p.cu), having grasped (it, the dagger) with my hand. So most editors ; yet 
 Ameis, with some probability, renders, seeking with the hand ; because he 
 could not, in the darkness, see the precise point where he would plunge the 
 dagger. Dind. retains the reading x € 4>' (= X^P -)* which I could not fol- 
 low. — Se : correl. of p-e'v after tov : but another mind, etc. — V. 303. 
 avTov, adv. k((v) = Att. &v, qualifies aTrc»)X6p.€9a. Force of this const. ? 
 H. 746 ; S. Gr. 514 ; G. § 222. For we (&np.€$ = tj|X€is. G. § 79, Note 2 ; 
 H. 233 D ; S. Gr. 678) also should have perished there with terrible destruction. 
 oXcOpov, cogn. ace. G. § 159 ; H. 547 ; S. Gr. 393. — V. 304. 8wd- 
 |iecr0a, Att. 48wd|j.€0a. — Qvpaotv depends on air- in dirwcrao-9ai (dira)0e«), 
 to force with our hands from the lofty doorway, etc. Cf. v. 243, note. — V. 
 306. « s , in this situation. — V. 308. dveWe, v. 251. — V. 310. Cf. 
 v. 250. — V. 311. o-vv . . . . p.dp*|/a.9 : tmesis : cf. v. 289. — 8t| a«T€ : 
 two syllables in scanning ; synizesis. — &>7rXicrcraT0 : v. 291 : Senrvov, his 
 meal: here spoken of the morning meal. It means properly the principal 
 meal of the day. See Lex. : Sopirov, v. 291, the evening meal, supper. — V. 
 314. oxrci re . . . . k-rnQdif] : subj. indefinite : as if one would place, etc. 
 
 — V. 310. Observe the position of KukX<o\{/, at the end of the sentence, 
 thus bringing it into more marked antithesis with kyot. — \iiro\ir\v, 2 aor. 
 mid. / remained behind. — V. 3 If. ei ttods Ticrcu|i.T]v (tivo>), if in any way 
 I might avenge myself (upon him), — V. 318. tjSc .... (BovXt], and the 
 following plan, etc. : dpio-TT], predicate. — V. 319. 7ap : epexegetic ; see 
 
ODYSSEY IX. 15 
 
 Lex. : in this use, not comm. translated into English. So here, we should 
 begin the sentence abruptly, there lay, etc. — V. 32©. ^KTautev (= efjera- 
 p.€V, 2 aor., €K, reixvco), he cut out. — avay6tv (avaivw) agrees with the obj. 
 of 4>opotT|, that lie might carry (it) when dried. — V. 321. to, obj. of 4'i'o-ko- 
 |iev, also of elo-opotovres (els, 6pda>). — V. 322. oVcrov 0' votov : a con- 
 densed form of expression (brachylogy. H. 881 ; S. Gr. 595, b). With 
 logical completeness, t6<to-ov, 8o-o-os tI Iotiv lottos- So Ameis, Cr., 
 Kriiger. We may imitate in English the brevity of the expression : look- 
 ing upon (it), we considered it (to be) as large as the mast of, etc. 6' = tc, 
 Epic use. — leiKoo-dpoio : Lex. tiKocropos. — V. 323. ewpcius (evpvc), 
 Att. evfttfas : €Kirepda. H. 370 D, a ; S. Gr. 713 ; G. § 124, 1. — V. 324. 
 lm]kos, irdxos : ace. of specification : lit. so much it (sc. poiraXov) was in length, 
 so much in thickness : or, more freely, such it was in, etc. — eUropdao-Qai (cf. 
 cicircpda, note) : const. ? H. 767, a ; S. Gr. 530 : such to look upon, i. e. esti- 
 mating it by the eye, or in appearance. — V. 325. oo-ov t' opyutav : similar 
 to the const. oVcrov 8* io-tov, v. 322 : standing near I cut off as much as six 
 feet of this. — V. 326. irap€07]x'= wapeSuKa (?rapaTL0T]p.i), I delivered (it) 
 to, etc. — V. 327. ol 8' 6p.aXbv tToir\<rav, and they (in obedience to my 
 order) made (it) smooth. — c66<oo-a (Ooow) .... fixpov, sharpened the point. — 
 V. 328, eTrupdKTeov, irvpaxTea). — KTjXew (ktjX.€qs) : two syllables in scan- 
 ning : synizesis. — V. 329. teal .... KariQv^a, and this (i. e. the stick 
 of timber thus prepared) I placed carefully (eS) down. — V. 330. i\ relates 
 to Koirpw, fem. — [xe"ydXa, adv. with Ke'xyro (yjoi) : fjXiGa, adv. with iroXXTJ, 
 which qualifies rj, which, ikrougliout the cave, was spread in very great abun- 
 dance (lit. was spread greatly , sufficiently abundant). — V. 331. •jraraA.d- 
 o-0ai (Lex. iraXdo-o-w, II.) : the reading of Aristarchus, adopted by Dind., 
 Ameis, and others : Cr., Diintz., and others read here ireira\dx6ai : I ex- 
 horted the others to determine (for themselves) by lot. — V. 332. IlaoI crvy, 
 meciun. — p.o)(\ov, the bar, i. e. that piece of the poVaXov (v. 319), which 
 he had chopped off (v. 325). — V. 333. Tpu|/cw depends on ToXp/r-o-eiev, 
 should dare to turn (it) round (lit. to rub it) in his eye : Am. reads err 1 6<fj0dX- 
 fjLO), and renders, to press it on his eye. So also Diintz. — V. 334. ol Be 
 .... IXeo-Gai, and those (men) drew the lots (Lex. Xa-yxcU'to) whom I myself 
 should have even wished to choose: notice &v kc (H. 873, b) both with one 
 verb. — V. 335. eXe'-yfinv : Lex. Xe'-ycu, II. : "I counted myself." Am. — 
 V. 336. 60-ircpios (H. 488, R. c ; S. Gr. 340, c) 8* ^X0ev, and he (the 
 Cyclops) came at evening. — KaXXtrptxa : KaXXl0pi|. — vofievwv, driving 
 from the pasture. - — V. 338. paGet-qs <(kto06v avXfjs : cf. v. 239, note. — 
 V. 339. 6'io-d|ji€vos (oiojiai) : either having suspected something , or even some 
 god (who was favorable to Odysseus) impelled him (to do) thus. From the 
 subsequent narrative, it appears, that the presence of the flocks within the 
 cave was a verv important means of escape to Od}^sseus and his compan- 
 ions. — V. 34© = 240. — Vv. 341, 342 = 244, 245. — V. 343 = 
 250. — V. 344 = 311, except the last word. — V. 345. irpoo-nti8«v 
 (imperf., 1st pers., sing.) irpoo-a-uSdw. — V. 346. Kicro-vfiiov : note care- 
 fully the meaning in Lex., especially the passage referred to in Euripides, 
 
16 NOTES. 
 
 Cycl. We may suppose Odysseus found this K«rcri>p\ov in the cave. We 
 may perhaps render the verse, holding in my hands a milk-pail filled with 
 dark wine. — tI imparts indefmiteness to otov : the whole expression is 
 condensed ; lit. what sort of drink this, etc. ; i. e. expressed more freely, 
 what sort of drink this {is which) our ship concealed (k6x>0o)). The pluperf. 
 €K€K€v9ei is usually taken here as imperf. in meaning. Yet why not under- 
 stand it as strictly pluperf. had concealed ; Odysseus thus implying again 
 that the ship had been wrecked, and that it no longer contained such wine ? 
 
 — V. 34=1>. «roi (emphatic position and accented) . . . . fyipov, and fur- 
 ther, I brought (it) as a drink-offering for you. — €t, if, i. e. [to see) if — V. 
 351. tIs (followed by an enclit. ; hence, has the acute accent), join with 
 aXXos. — <re, with Xkoito : teat, intens. with vcrrepov, afterwards also. — 
 V. 352. -n-oXitov, fr. iroXvs. The accent distinguishes it from the gen. 
 plur. of iroXis (ttoXgcov). How could any other one of many men afterwards 
 also (as we have done) approach you? — Kara jxoipav (Lex. fxoipa, III. 5: 
 not to be confounded with the proper noun M.olpa),properly. — £pe£as, pit,<a. 
 
 Vv. 353 - 412. The Cyclops drinks of the wine till he becomes drunken ; 
 is deprived of his eye, and calls for help. 
 
 Y. 353. Sc'kto : H. 408 D, 36 ; S. Gr. 736, j ; G. Appendix, Bexofiai. 
 
 — ^Kiriev («mvw) : notice the force of the prep., drank it off, or, as we often 
 say, drank it up. — tjo-aTO : TJSofiai. — alvws, although strongly intens., 
 does not, I think, lose its primary force : was mightily pleased (and the ex- 
 pression of pleasure was terrible to behold). One is reminded here of 
 Milton's expression, Paradise Lost, Book II. , "Death grinned horrible a 
 ghastly smile." — Y. 354. fjVce : aireo). — Y. 35©. toi, dat. = croi. 
 
 — Y. 35§. Kcd ctcJrv . . . . de'lei (Lex. dc'lw, pres.) : and the shower from 
 Zeus increases (it, i. e. the wine, or the fruit of the vine)jfor them. — V. 
 360. CLTap ol (dat.) .... irdpov (Lex. iropw), but I gave to him again y 
 etc. CLTap seems to have here a very slight adversative force, if any at all, 
 and may, perhaps, be rendered, and, as we often render 8e. Yoss omits it 
 altogether in his translation of this verse. — Y. 361. With 28coKa and 
 with ^Kiriev, sc. olvov. — d<J>pa8i-n<riv : cf. a.Ta<r8aXiT)0-iv, 1:7: lit. with 
 inconsiderate actions, i. e. inconsiderately. — Y. 362. irepi .... ^XvSev : 
 tmesis : Lex. irepi€px.ojxai. — §piva% partit. appos. with KvKXtoira. H. 500, 
 b ; S. Gr. 353, b ; lit. when the wine came about the Cyclops, his mind, i. e. 
 when the wine encompassed the mind of the Cyclops. — Y. 363. irpoo-rjvSwv : 
 irpoo-avS&co : / addressed him. — V. 365. vjr&rrrjs: Lex. v<|u<rTT](u, B, 
 2. — V. 366. Ofcris, sc. Io-tIv, Noman is my name. — Y. 367. eraipoi, 
 appos. with dXXoi : H. 538, e ; S. Gr. 383, f : and others, all my companions. 
 
 — Y. 36S>. fcSojiai (IcrOicu) : notice the tense. — p,€Ta with dat. seems 
 here to mean, added to, after. — Y. 370. tovs 8' aXXovs, sc. 28op.ai, and 
 these others (I will eat), etc. Note the difference, in force, of tovs aXXovs 
 here, and in Attic Greek. In Att. the others, the rest. H. 538, e ; S. Gr. 
 383, f ; G. § 142, Note 3 ; but here, tovs is demonst. — Y. 371. *H : 
 H. 404, 1 ; S. Gr. 274, a ; G. Appendix %t : he spoke. — Y. 3T2. K€it' 
 
ODYSSEY IX. 17 
 
 = &«ito, fr. Kctpai. — k<£S = Kord. H. 73 D ; S. Gr. 628 ; G. § 12, Note 
 3 ; join with fjpei : Lex. KaGaipe'w. — 373. <pdpv<yos (fr. <j>dpv7|) 8' 
 k^ea-crvro (€ko-€vu), and from his throat hirst forth, etc. — V. 374. 6 8'.... 
 olvoSapeUov, and he, heavy with wine, spewed (them) out. — V. 375. tov 
 poxXov, that bar, the one described above : cf. v. 332, note : obj. of ^Xao-a, 
 I thrust underneath abundant ashes. We must suppose the fire in the ashes 
 not yet extinct. — V. 376. ei'ws 9cpp.aivoi.To, until it (the bar) might be- 
 come glowing hot. — V. 377. 0dpo-vvov : aug. omitted: Lex. Qapa-vvo). — 
 dvaSvTj : Lex. dvaSvopcw, dep. mid. with aor. act. : notice here the subjunc, 
 where the general rule requires the optat. H. 739, 740 ; S. Gr. 507, 508 ; 
 G. § 216, 2 : that no one, through fear, might fail me (or, more literally, might 
 shrink back). — V. 370. d\j/eo-0ai (Lex. din-a), II.) to blaze up. — xk<ap6<$ 
 ir€p ewv (irep, intens. ; ewv, concessive), though it was very green; or, perhaps 
 we may say, green as it was. — 8i€<palv€To 8 s alvcos, and it glowed exceedingly 
 (with the collateral notion of terror). — V. 3§0. koA totc, correl. of dXX 
 ike above, even then. — V. 380. tpepov (sc. poxXdv) bore (it). — V. 381. 
 everrvevo-ev, epirve'w. — Vv. 382, 383. oi piv .... 4-yw 8e, the others 
 . . . . but I. — €V€p€i<rav, evepetfSw. — depGeis, deupw. — V. 384. Slvcov, 
 Lex. 8iV€v» and 8iv«o. — u>s ore kt!., as when some man would bore with an 
 auger a ship-timber. Tpvirw (fr. Tpvirdou), optat. H. 730, 760, d ; S. Gr. 
 523 ; G. § 213, 3. — V. 385. ol 8e r', and the others (in distinction from 
 the ship-carpenter, i. e. his workmen) below shake (the auger) with a strap, 
 having taken hold (of the strap) at each end, and this (the auger) runs unceas- 
 ingly always. The comparison extends to this point. — V. 387. a>s (ac- 
 cented = Att. ov'tws). — tov ev 6cp0aXp.w, in the eye of this one (the Cyclops) : 
 connect closely with 8i.veop.ev : poxXdv, obj. both of IXovtcs and of Sive'o- 
 pev. — V. 388. tov (i. e. poxXdv) depends on irepC in comp. — 7repippee 
 (Lex. -jrepippe'w), aug. omitted, and uncontracted : = Att. irepie'ppei : subj. 
 alpa. — V. 389. (3Xe'<papa seems to mean, not the eyelids, but eye- 
 lashes : 6<ppvas, eyebrows : dp<pi, adv. all his eyelashes round about, obj. of 
 evo-ev (Lex. evto). — V. 390. o-cpapo/yevvTo (o-tpapa-yeopai) : for the con- 
 traction ev fr. co, see H. 370 D, b ; S. Gr. 714 ; G. § 124, 2. — o! (enclit.) 
 in this, and in the preceding verse, I regard as "dat. of interest in looser 
 relations." In this use it is often difficult to render. — V. 391. x a ^ Kei fe> 
 originally a worker in copper or bronze ; but as o-iSripov is used v. 393, it must 
 be taken here in a wider sense, a smith, a blacksmith. — ire'Xeicvv, the general 
 word for axe : o-Ke'irapvov, a broadaxe, used by carpenters for hewing. — V. 
 392. IdxovTa agrees in form with ttcXckw, in sense with o-Keirapvov 
 also : pe-ydXa, adv. loudly. — V. 393. <pappdo-o-wv takes the same objects 
 as pdiTTT]. — to -yap afire, for this again (this dipping it in cold water) is the 
 strength of iron. The comparison ends at this point. — V. 394. tov .... 
 6<p8aXpds, the eye of this one (the Cyclops). — o-t£€. The iota must be re- 
 garded as long simply by position, not in itself ; hence, the acute accent. 
 The local English word siss, though questionable in its use, comes nearer 
 to the Greek, and represents the onomatopoeia better, than the usual Eng. 
 word hiss. — V. 395. o-pepSaXe'ov and pe'-ya both adv., very terribly. — 
 2 
 
18 NOTES. 
 
 ircrpT], the rock, i. e. the rocky cavern. — V. 396. dir€o-o-v|A60cn,, diroo-evw. 
 — V. 397'. cfjepvo-e, eijtpvto : 7re<j>vpfj.e'vov (<j>vpa>), smeared. — V. 398. 
 &> = ov. H. 233 D ; S. Gr. 678 ; G. § 79, Note 2. — \ipa-iv : Diintz. 
 takes this with 2ppt\|/€v (then he cast this from him with his hands, being fran- 
 tic) : Ameis takes it with dXvwv (making frantic motions with his hands). 
 The arrangement of the Greek favors the latter. The penult of d\v« is 
 found long only here. Ameis. — V. 399. p.e"ydXa, cf. v. 392. — jxiv 
 dpipis (prep, here : does not suffer anastrophe. H. 102 D, b ; S. Gr. 634), 
 round about him. — V. 400. 8i& with the ace., usu. denotes cause ; some- 
 times, time or place. H. 630 ; S. Gr. 447, i : through, scattered through. — 
 V. 401. ifyolruv, <J>oiTd<o. — dXXoGev dXXos. H. 500, b ; S. Gr. 353, a : 
 appos. with ol : and they .... one from one place, another from another, or, 
 and they, from all points, etc. — V. 402. cipovro, Lex. ^pojxcu. — otti I 
 k^Soi : optat. H. 734, 736 ; S. Gr. 502, 504 ; G. § 244 : asked, what 
 troubled him. — V. 403. TLtttc ; = tI ttot€ ; why, in the world? — to- 
 o-ov .... dpi]|J.£Vos (see Lex. under this word : is not considered as" 
 particip. fr. dpdop,ai), so much distressed. — coS* l|36-qcra$ (Podou), did you cry 
 thus, etc. —V. 404. Sid, through: cf. v. 400. — &[ip.e : G. 79, Note 2; 
 H. 233 D ; S. Gr. 678. — TiG^c-eci : aug. omitted : the ending <r8a for s ; 
 G. § 128, 1 ; H. 356, a; S. Gr. 267, i. —V. 405. fj |rij. Force in a 
 question ? G. § 282, 2 ; H. 829 ; S. Gr. 566, b : rls, indef., followed by 
 an enclit. : hence, written rts : crev deKovros, gen. abs., particip. omitted. 
 H. 791, b ; S. Gr. 542. Does any one of mortals, etc. ? Or perhaps more 
 forcibly in this form (which in the connection would be understood as a 
 question, and would anticipate a negative answer), Surely no one of mortals, 
 without, your consent, drives away your flocks ! — V. 406. ktcivt] : subjunc. : 
 is taken here nearly in the sense of the fut. indie. H. 720, e ; S. Gr. 488, 
 d ; G. § 255 : yet the subjunc. in this sense regularly takes the negative 
 ov. H. 833, b ; S. Gr. 570, a ; G. § 255, examples. Some of the best 
 editors (Ameis, and others) read here ktcLvci, which is found in good MSS., 
 and corresponds in construction with IXavvet. Diintzer suggests that both 
 verbs should be understood here of "attempted action." H. 702 ; S. Gr. 
 476, c ; G. § 200, Note 2. (Hadley mentions this use of the pres. tense 
 only in the smaller gram.) We may render, Surely no one attempts to slay 
 you yourself, etc. ptt]<f>tv : G. § 61, Note 3 ; H. 206 D ; S. Gr. 639. — V. 
 408. There is ambiguity not only in Ovtis, but also in ov§L Polyphe- 
 mus means, "Noman " is trying to slay me, through guile, and not by violence. 
 He is understood to say, no one is trying to slay me through guile or violence. 
 OStis, as here used, is said to be the first pun on record. In Greek, the 
 neg. is regularly repeated in the conjunc. H. 858 ; S. Gr. 583, d. — 
 V. 409. TTTepdevT 1 (irrepdeis) agrees with <firea. — V. 410. \ir\, instead 
 of ov, in a condition. G. § 283, 2 ; H. 835 ; S. Gr. 570. The use of this 
 word clearly reveals the misunderstanding. — V. 411. vovo-ov, obj. of 
 dXeao-0cu.— &tti : notice the accent and meaning with this accent. H. 406, 
 Rem. b, 1 ; S. Gr. 277, c ; G. § 28, Note 1 (3). It is not in any way pos- 
 sible, etc. — V. 412. o-v-y = <rv -ye : eii\io (= ciixov) : eiixofixu. 
 
ODYSSEY IX. 19 
 
 Vv. 413-479. The manner in which Odysseus with his companions 
 escapes from the cave, and after wards taunts the Cyclops. 
 
 V. 413. e"o>av, imperf. Att. e"a>a<rav. H. 355 D, c ; S. Gr. 703 ; G. 
 § 129, IV. — efibv aJnXov K^p, subj. of eyeka<r<re. — V. 414. 6vop.a l|xdv, 
 subj. of €|aTraTT]<r€V (which is understood in the next clause with p.fJTt.s) : 
 deceived (them, i. e. the Cyclops). — V. 415. 68vvtjo-iv (dat. plur. fr. 
 oSvvtj) : an emphatic pleonasm (H. 884 ; S. Gr. 595, e) with wSivcav. We 
 may render it somewhat freely, tormented with pain. — V. 416. \|/uXa- 
 <|>dwv, \j/T]\atj)dw. — dirb .... elXe : ddjxupe'w. — XiGov. In v. 243, iriTpr\v 
 is spoken of the same object. — Qvpauv : spoken here, as in v. 243, of the 
 huge doorway. — V. 417. elvl = evl = ev. — ireTao-cras : op doubled metri 
 gratia. — V. 418. el ... . Xdpoi : an ellipsis before el is not unfre- 
 quent : (to see) if he might take, etc. — fier* 6eo-<ri (o'is), among the sheep: 
 Hm. uses also otecrcriv and oi'ec-iv, metri gratia. Cr. — o-TeixovTa agrees 
 with rivd, obj. of Xdpoi. — 0upa£e : H. 204 ; S. Gr. 114 ; G. § 61. — 
 V. 410. e'vl <f>pecri, joined with ^XireTo ; similar forms of pleonasm are 
 frequent in Hm. Lex. gXirw : he flattered himself in mind that I was, etc. 
 (We can hardly say, he hoped that I was) . — ovtw vtjttiov, so foolish (as to 
 go towards the doorway among the sheep). — V. 420. ottos .... yi- 
 voito, how it might turn out in the very best manner (6\ dpio-ra, adv.). — 
 V. 421. el ... . evpolpvrjv : connect closely with (SoiiXeuov (notice this 
 verb in the act.) : whether I might devise, etc. — nvd .... Qavdrov Xvanv 
 (takes the gen. on the same principle as a verb of separation), some release 
 from death. — V. 423. oxrre (Epic use of re') irepl t]n>X'H s > as for my life.. 
 — V. 424. Cf. v. 318.— V. 425. Notice the asyndeton. H. 854; 
 S. Gr. 582. — o'll'es. Notice this form of the nom. plur. Coinm. 6'ies, 
 Att. otes : lit. there were male sheep, well-fed, thick-fleeced, etc. — V. 428. 
 T rj S (= reus, relative) em (anastrophe), upon which, etc. — V. 429. <rvv- 
 rpeis alvvp-evos : connect closely in thought with o-vve'ep-yov : taking (them, 
 i. e. the rams) three together. — 6 p.ev ev p-eVu, the one in the middle. — ck'pe- 
 o-jcev (<f>e"pa>) ; iterative ending, denoting that they passed along, by threes, 
 one after another. — V. 430. <twovt€S (o-ww and <rci£co) eTeUpovs, saving 
 {my) companions. Notice in this v. the subj. and verb in the dual, the 
 particip. in the plur. H. 517; S. Gr. 368. — V. 431. eKao-rov can 
 hardly be rendered each. We may translate it thus, three sheep bore con- 
 tinually one man. Ameis renders e'Kao-Tov, immer einen. — cy^Y 6 * subj. of 
 Ketpev, v. 434. — V. 432. Knv, in v. 423, we have -fjev (Att. t]v) ; for there 
 was, etc. — V. 433. Kara .... XaPwv (tmesis), having caught hold of 
 the back of this one. — eXvcrGets, Lex. iXvot. — Vv. 434, 435. Keip/qv 
 (Ketjxai), aug. omitted : / lay still. — x € P°"''' v • • • • o"Tpetj>0eis (o-Tpea)>co) : 
 lit. twisted continually with my hands, etc. i. e. with my hands continually 
 twisted in the choice wool: dwTov (see Lex. for the full use of this word), 
 joined with G-rped^Oeis, and understood with i\6\i.7]v, as partit. gen., / clung 
 to (it). — TerX^dxt : H. 409 D, 10 ; S. Gr. 740 ; G. Appendix rXdw. Stem 
 rXa : with patient heart. — V. 438. vop.dv8e (local ending -8e), to the pas- 
 ture. — e'fje'cnruTO (eKcrevw) : subj. p/f]Xa. — V. 439. ep^'p/ipcc-v : [j.ir]Kdo|Jiai. 
 
20 NOTES. 
 
 — V. 440. oHQcltcl (otfOap), their udders. — o-^apo/yevvro (cf. v. 390, 
 note) : plur. verb, with neut, plur. subj. : were pressed to bursting. — &va£, 
 their owner. — V. 441. dt'cov limits vwTa, which is obj. of eVepaieTo 
 (einpcuop.ai) : felt the backs of, etc. — V. 442. to, obj. of evorjo-ev ; ex- 
 plained by us ... • SeSevro (Sew) : this, that they had been bound, etc. — 
 V. 443. o! (enclit.) : dat. of interest in looser relations, or ethical dat. 
 with StSevro : not easily rendered here. — viro with o-repvoio-i. — V. 444. 
 vctto/tos .... prjXtt-v : asyndeton, imparting liveliness to the naiTation ; 
 last of the sheep, the ram, etc. — 0vpa£e : cf. v. 418. — V. 445. tp.ot : 
 same const, with Xdxwp : oppressed with his wool and with me: irvKi-vd <j>po- 
 veovn, thinking prudent thoughts. This is not to be doubted! — V. 446. 
 €iri[uto-o-d|tevos : eirip.alop.ai. — V. 447. ti . . . . coSe : why thus (as I 
 now discover), etc. ? — pol : ethical dat. G. § 184, 3, Note 5 ; H. 596, c ; 
 599 ; S. Gr. 432, d ; 436 : not easily rendered. — Std o-n-e'os : notice here 
 again (cf. v. 400) Sid with ace. (instead of Sid with gen.) denoting motion 
 through. — <-<rarvo (o-€t>a>) : pluperf., 2d per., sing. : notice the peculiar aug- 
 ment. H. 319 I) ; S. Gr. 692. — p^Xwv limits lio-To/ros. — V. 448. 
 irdpos with epxecu, pres. where we should more naturally employ the perf. : 
 not at all, formerly at least, have you been wont to go, etc. : XeXeippe'vos .... 
 ot(5v, left away from, i. e. left behind. H. 580, 581 ; S. Gr. 422, a and b ; 
 G. § 174. — V. 44®. vepeai : Lex. ve'pw. B: with ace. dvGea, you feed 
 on, you crop, etc. — V. 450. paKpd (adv.) ptpds : H. 435, 1 ; 435 D, 1 ; 
 S. Gr. 740, bx : stepping far, or with long strides. — V. 452. lo-n-epios : 
 cf. 336, note. — iraviia-TaTos, sc. eVa-i, or epxeai. — ^ (rvy\ surely, you at 
 least (you if no one else). — V. 453. tov .... e|aXda;o-ev, which a wicked 
 man deprived (me) of. — V. 454. Xv-ypois : our word miserable is used in 
 the same way, in its secondary sense, to denote contempt. — eppe'vas, (my) 
 mind. — V. 455. O^tis : appos. with dvTjp. In translating, follow as 
 nearly as possible the order of the clauses in the Greek. — ovVw : join with 
 iretfnj'ype'vov eivai. Neg. ov with the infin. in oratio obliqua. H. 837, b ; 
 S. Gr. 571, a ; G. § 283, 3 : who, I affirm, has not yet escaped, etc. — V. 
 456. el ... . -ye'voio: a wish. H. 721, 1, a ; S. Gr. 489, a, b; G. 
 § 251. O that you were of like mind, and that you might become endowed with 
 speech to tell, etc. — V. 458. tw ktI., then would his brain, etc. : dXXvSis 
 &XXt], hither and thither. — V. 45f>. 0ei.vop.evov : gen. abs. sc. avTov. 
 The dat. agreeing with ot might have been expected here ; but as the 
 particip. is so far from the pron., the ordinary construction of the case 
 absolute is preferred : while he was dashed on the ground: pcuoiTO, subj. eyKe- 
 4>aXos. — KdS (= KaTd. G. § 12, Note 3 ; H. 73 D ; S. Gr. 628) : join with 
 the verb : Lex. KaraXcotpdw. — V. 460. ounSavbs OStis, good-for-nothing 
 Noman. The play on words, expressing more fully the rage of the Cyclops, 
 will not escape notice. This address to the pet ram has its comic as well 
 as its pathetic side. — V. 462. IXGdvTes is used as though the plur. 
 eXvopeda (st. the sing, \vo\lt\v) followed : an anacoluthon. H. 886 ; S. Gr. 
 595, g, when we had gone a little (distance) .... I first loosed myself ] etc. 
 
 — V. 463. Notice the difference, in this verse, between the act. and 
 
ODYSSEY IX. 21 
 
 mid. of Xvco ; also, the force of vir : I loosed .... from under (the rams). 
 
 — V. 464. [xfjXa : obj. of eXa.iivop.ev. — 8t](xw, 8r,p.ds (distinguish care- 
 fully from 8f,pos), plump with fat. — V. 465, ttoXXu irepiTpoTre'ovTes : 
 turning often (-rroXXd = ttoXXcLkls) about : i. e. looking often around, feaiiug 
 that Polyphemus might pursue them. So Am. and F. — 6(j>p 5 .... iko- 
 (i€0a, until we came, etz. — V. 46 7. rov<$ 8e, but the others (whom Poly- 
 phemus had devoured), obj. of o-TevdxovTO. — V. 468. el'wv : e'dto. 
 
 — dvd .... vevov : Lex. dvavevw : it signifies denial or refusal, hence, 
 has a negative sense : / beckoned to each one with my eyebrows not, etc. ; 
 or thus, with my eyebrows, I forbade each one, etc. He did not speak, 
 lest Polyphemus might hear. — V. 47©. PaXdvras, sc. avrovs, obj. of 
 eKcXevo-a and subj. of tmirXeiv. — V. 473. dirf)v : 1st pers. — yiyuvt : 
 Lex. yiy<ava (not to be confounded with ^e'-yova) : when I was distant as far 
 as (one) calls with a shout (lit. having shouted). — V. 474. KepTop.ioicriv 
 (here as subst. : often as adj. with e'irea-o-i), with heart-cutting (words) : cf. 
 in const. eireo-o-i peiXix£oi<riv, — V. 475. ovk kt!., not, as it appears 
 (dpa), a contemptible man's companions were you intending to eat, etc. e'Sp.evai 
 = gSeiv, cf. eVBe'pevcH, v. 479, note. Connect closely in thought ovk and 
 dvdXKiSos : cf. ovk .... epctTeivos, v. 230, for a similar arrangement. — 
 V. 476. Kparepfjcpi pbi4>iv (H. 206 D ; S. Gr. 639) : here as dat. in 
 your mighty strength. — V. 477. ical Xitjv : cf. 1, 46, note. — <riy' (= <re 
 ■ye), obj. of KiXTJor€<r0ai : KaKa ep-ya, subj. of epeXXe : evil fortunes were des- 
 tined to come on you at last: or, perhaps, in this way, your evil deeds were 
 destined to find you out. One is reminded of Numbers xxxii. 23 : "Be sure 
 your sin will find you out." — V. 478. (ryirXi, voc. = o-xeVXie. — 
 eirel .... a£eo (imperf. 2d pers. sing. fr. &£op.ai) .... eo-0e'p.evai (= Att. 
 eo-0Uiv. H. 359 D. ; S. Gr. 708 ; G. § 122, 2, Infin., since you did not scruple 
 to eat, etc. — tu>, by reason of this, wherefore. 
 
 Vv. 480 - 542. Polyphemus casts a fragment of a rock towards Odys- 
 seus. Further conversation. Prayer of Polyphemus to Poseidon. He 
 again hurls a rock, one still greater than the first. 
 
 V. 481. ^kc: %n. — V. 482. — Kd8 .... iipaXe : Ka/rapaXXto. 
 
 — irpoirdpoiBe, in front of: i. e. he cast the rock entirely over the ship, 
 so that it fell in front. — V. 483 is rejected here by all the best edi- 
 tors, and should not be translated. — - V. 484. eVXto-O-n, kX\>£co. — V. 
 485. tt|v, this, i. e. the ship ; obj. of <j>e'pe. — V. 486. irXT)p.vpig : 
 appos. with Kv|ia : the wave, a surge from the deep sea, rushing back (iraXip- 
 pdGiov) bore this, etc. — \ip<rov, the dry land, in distinction from -qTreipovSe, 
 towards the land. — V. 488. w<ra (wGe'w), subj. iyw : shoved (it, i. e. the 
 ship) along off. — V. 489. epfSaXe'eiv (aor. ) Kwirgs (dat. plur.) : cf. Yerg. 
 Aen. 5, 15, incumbere remis • to cast themselves on the oars. — vireK .... 
 e^tryoipev : tmesis: KaKOTT]Ta, obj. of the verb : that we might escape from 
 under the calamity. — V. 490. Kpa/rl (not to be confounded with any case 
 of KpaTos) : Lex. Kpds : Kaxavevwv, agrees with the subj. of eKe'Xevcra : 
 nodding with my head. — Trp-oireo-dvTts, having fallen forward (on the oars). — 
 
22 NOTES. 
 
 V. 49 1. 8ls To<r<rov, twice as far (as before : cf. v. 473) : &Xa 7rp-f|cr<rov- 
 T€s (irp do-o-w), traversing the sea: dirfjpev (dimpi), we were distant. — V. 
 493. eprjTuov : imperf. of attempted action : sought to restrain (me). — 
 V. 496. <|>dpev (imperf. : the pres. is enclit. or written <|>ap€v), and now we 
 thought we should perish on the spot. — V. 497. <j>0€"y£ap€vox>, having called: 
 avS'/jcravTos, having spoken, the latter denotes more particularly articulate 
 speaking : rev (= Att. cro€) depends on &Kov<rev. — V. 498. <rvv Kev 
 dpa|e (tmesis, <rvvapd<r(rto), he would have crushed (i. e. when we were 
 driven back to the shore). Condition and conclusion denoting a contrary 
 reality. H. 746; S. Gr. 514; G. § 222. —V. 501. Cf. v. 282. — V. 
 503. dXcuoTvv : obj. of e'lp-qTat (£popai, and el'popai) : if any one shall ask 
 you about the unseemly blinding of, etc. — 504. <f>da-8ai : infin. in form, 
 used as imperat. H. 784 ; S. Gr. 534 ; G. § 269 : say that Odysseus, etc. 
 
 — V. 505. A<u>T€co : gen. H. 136 D, b, 2 ; S. Gr. 638, b ; G. § 39. — 
 'ivi : anastrophe. — 'tyjovra. agrees witli 'OSvtro-fja, takes oIkIo, (2d declens. 
 neut. plur.) as obj. Odysseus cannot depart without the gratification of 
 letting Polyphemus know his real name and lineage. — V. 507. <3 iro-rroi : 
 cf. note 1, 32 : denotes here chiefly grief, woe is me! Voss renders it, 
 Wehe ! — pe .... iKavei, overtake me. — V. 50§. 4'ctk£ : iterative, H. 
 406 D, 1, eo-Kov : S. Gr. 734, s ; G. § 129, 1, Note. — V. 509. gKeW 
 <tto : Kaivup.au — V. 510. Karc-y^pa (Kara-yripaco), imperf. 3d pers. sing. 
 
 — Y. 511. TaSe -sravra, subj. of T€ktvTr\<recrQa.i (TeXcvTato), that all these 
 things would be fulfilled, etc. — V. 512. dpapTTja-eo-0ai (dpapTavco), with 
 gen. H. 580 ; S. Gr. 422, a ; G. § 174 : that I should lose my sight: 4%, after 
 the gen. to which it belongs : is not accented .(as some might expect from 
 the rule, G. § 29, Note ; H. 104, a) in any of the best editions ; because it 
 does not stand after the entire clause x €l P^ v 'OSwfjos. Cf. S. Gr. 64, e. 
 
 — V. 513. (posTa, subj. of iXtvo-eo-Qai. — eSi^-p-qv (Se'xopai) : G. Appen- 
 dix ; H. 408 D, 36; S. Gr. 736, j. — V. 514. emeipsvov : cf. v. 214, 
 note. — V. 515. pe . . . . 6<J>0aXpou dXdwo-ev : cf. 1, 69. — ewv oXl-yos: 
 indefinite, one who is small, etc. — V. 516. i-nd p 5 e'Sapdcro-aTO ol'vw : cf. 
 v. 454. — V. 517. a-y€, interjec. — irdp .... ©eico : irapaTi0T|pi : that I 
 may extend, etc. — V. 518. iropTriqv, obj. of Sdpevai (= Att. Sowai) : 
 orpvva), same const, with 0eioo : and incite the illustrious earth-shaker to give, 
 etc. — V. 519. iraTTjp epos, pred. with etvai. H. 775 ; S. Gr. 536, b ; 
 G. § 136, Note 2 : and he boasts that he is, etc. —V. 520. al' kc (= Att. 
 cdv) €'8t'XT|o-i, subjune. G. § 122, 2, Subj. ; H. 361 D ; S. Gr. 710 : l^o- 6 - 
 tch, laopai. — V. 523, a'i -yap : a wish. H. 721, a ; S. Gr. 489, b ; G. 
 § 251. — ^X'OSj alfcivos, with eSviv: ivould that I might be able, having de- 
 prived you of (lit. having made you destitute of), etc. tf/ep\{/ai, sc. ore. — 86- 
 pov .... d<ra>, within the abode of A'is (or Hades • in Horn., the god of the 
 under- world ; not the under- world). — V. 525. ivoo-iyjdmv is thrown to 
 the end of the sentence for emphasis ; the negative is repeated and strength- 
 ened. H. 843 ; S. Gr. 577 ; as {certainly as) not even the earth-shaker will 
 heal, etc. — V. 527. x^p'j dual, = \eipe.~-V. 529. €i kt!., if I am 
 really, etc., a fact of which he does not entertain any doubt : iraTTJp, pred. 
 
ODYSSEY XI. 23 
 
 as in v. 519. — V. 531. Omit. — V. 532. el' (accented, showing that 
 ol is enclit. and dat.) ol poip* lo-ri : d with the indie, simple supposition 
 (with undecided reality) : if it is appointed to him (lit. if it is a fate to him). 
 
 — V. 533. Notice the two constructions with ik€o-0cu, oIkov ace. alone, 
 «S • . . . "yaiav ace. with a prep. — V. 534. £X0oi and eiipoi : optat. with- 
 out &v, a wish, that may, or may not, be realized. H. 721 ; S. Gr. 489, a; 
 G. § 251, 1. — oXecras frrro (anastrophe, G. § 23, 2 ; H. 102 D, b ; S. Gr. 
 634) = diroXeVas, having lost. — V. 535. ev with o'i'kw. — V. 538. f t K* 
 €7ri8i.vif|cras, having whirled (it) around, cast it. — eirepcio-e : lirtpeiSw. — Iv 
 = Iva, fr. t's (with the digamma Fis = vis). — V. 540. e'Sevrjcrev : Seiko, 
 8evT|o-ft> (to be carefully distinguished fr. Seiko, Seikrco) : he failed to reach the 
 extreme part of the helm. — V. 541. Cf. v. 483. : — V. 542. ttjv, this, i. e. 
 the ship. — 0e|iuo-€ ktI. : cf. 486. — x*P°" 0V tK«r0ai, to come to land, i. e. 
 the land lying before them, the goat-island : not the land to which they 
 were before (v. 486) driven back. 
 
 Vv. 543-566. Eeturn to the goat-island; and continuance of the 
 voyage. 
 
 V. 543. dXX' oTe 8tj (subordinate clause) .... v. 546. vfja pev 
 %vQ' (principal clause) : but when now .... then indeed. — €v0a irep (v. 543), 
 relat., where, referring to ttjv vfjo-ov : to be supplied with dp<pl .... darro 
 (= Att. fjvro, fr. ^pai), an< ^ (where) my companions sat round about. — V. 
 545. troTiSe'vpevoi (irpoo-Se'xopcu), awaiting. — V. 540. vfja, obj. of 
 CKe'Xo-apev (kIXXw), then indeed, having come, we propelled the ship : Iv x|/apd- 
 Ooio-iv, H. 618, a ; S. Gr. 448, b. — V. 547. Ik ... . ^r^ev : tmesis. 
 
 — V. 548. p-fjXa, obj. of IXdvres : also of 8acr<rdpe0a, (Scuco to divide). — 
 V. 549. poi, ethical dat. — ftr*lS, with dT€pj3dpevos (dTe'p{3<o), cheated of 
 an equitable (portion). — V. 550. dpveidv, the ram (that had borne him 
 out of the cave), obj. of Sdcrav. — V. 551. pf^Xcov, gen. abs. with 8ai- : 
 Qoya, first of all, beforehand : Faesi understands t«v Ircupcov, to me alone, 
 distinguished above (my companions) ; thus expressing nearly the same idea. 
 
 — tov, obj. of pe'£as (v. 553), having sacrificed this (the ram) . . . . I 
 burned the thighs. — V. 553. 6 Se, but he, i. e. Zeus. — ovk IpirdteTo, did 
 not heed, etc. This Odysseus learned by his subsequent misfortunes. — V. 
 555. Ipol .... iTaipoi, cf. v. 172. — Vv. 556, 557. Cf. vv. 161, 
 162. —Vv. 558-560 = 168-170. —Vv. 562-564 = 178-180.— 
 V. 565. do-pevoi Ik 0avaToio : a condensed expression : glad (to have 
 escaped) from death. — oXeVavTes, after having lost. 
 
 BOOK X. — Adventures with Aeolus, the Laestrigonians, and Circe. 
 
 BOOK XI. — Visit of Odyssevis to the Under- world. 
 
 Vv. 1 - 50. Departure from the island of Circe and arrival at the land 
 of the Cimmerians. Sacrifice, according to the directions of Circe, at the 
 entrance of the under-world. 
 
 V. 1. K<XTT|X0opev, came down, i. e. from the interior of the island of 
 
24 NOTES. 
 
 Circe. — V. 3. 4v . . . . Tt0€p.€cr0a : tmesis. — Io-tov .... Kal lo-i-fa : 
 
 mast and sails. — vtj'£ depends on ev in compos., we placed in the black ship. 
 V. 4. Iv . . . . iprjo-ajAev (causative in fut. and 1st aor. act.), sc. vtj'C. — 
 to, |Jif]Xa, those sheep, or simply the sheep, a ram and ewe, mentioned at the 
 close of Book X., given by Circe. — dv (= dvd), with paivop.ev. — V. 5. 
 Ka/rd, with xeovT€s, pouring down, shedding. — V. V. I'cw : It\\li. — €Taipov, 
 appos. with ovpov, a favoring breeze, filling the sail, a good companion. — V. 8. 
 KipKT], subj. of I'ei. — V. 9. tfirXa .... vfja, having with labor arranged 
 the several tacklings in the ship. — V. 11. rfjs limits io-ti<x : iravT)ji€piT)s 
 agrees with ttjs, is translated adverbially. Cf. la-ire pios, IX. 336, note. — 
 TeVaG' (= 6T€TaTO, fr. T€ivco), subj. icrTia, and the sails of this all day long 
 were spread, as. it traversed the sea. — V. 12. hvcrero (lv<a) : H. 349 D ; 
 S. Gr. 699. — o-kiowvto : Lex. o-Kidw. — -V. 13. 'H 8e : sc. va£s. — 4s 
 (notice here a prep, with I'tcave) .... 'fiKeavoio, to the limits of the deep- 
 flowing Ocednus, i. e. "where the Ocean borders on the under- world. " 
 Faesi : "the limits of the earth formed by the Ocean." Ameis. It is 
 perhaps not very wise to try to make definite that which was indefinite and 
 vague in the mind of Homer. The Ocean, according to the Homeric con- 
 ception, was a deep stream ever flowing around the vast plain of earth and 
 seas. — V. 14. Tjepi : Lex. dr)p. — K€KaXvfip,€voi (KaXvirrw), agrees with 
 8fjp.os and ttoXis : H. 511, a ; S. Gr. 361, a : enveloped in darkness and cloud 
 (dat. of means). — V. I 1 ?. oW .... o-Teixn " 1 (subjimc. H. 361 D; 
 S. Gr. 710), neither when he mounts, etc. — V. 18. dir .... -Gev : H. 
 203 D ; S. Gr. 667 ; G. § 61, Note 1. — TrporpdirTiTai, irpoTpeW — V. 19. 
 cirl .... TeraTai : emTe(va). — V. 20. vfja, obj. of eKeXa-ap-ev (kc'XXw). 
 
 — €« . . . . 6iXop.€0a (^aipe'co), and took out (from the ship), etc. — V. 
 21. irapd poov, along by the current. — V. 22. fjop-ev : etpa. H. 405 D, 
 1 ; S. Gr. 734, j. — 6«f>pa, with indie, aor. until. — Sv <j>pd<re (<j>pd£co) KtpKT], 
 which Circe had pointed out. — V. 23. UpTjia .... &rxov, held the victims. 
 
 — V. 25. opvga : dpvvo-oi. — eV0a Kal ZvQa, this way and that: i. e. in 
 length and breadth. — V. 20. dp.<J>' avra*, around it, i. e. on the brink of 
 the trench. — V. 2?. p.eXiKpTjTw (Lex. p-eXiKpa-ros) .... ol'vw .... vSan: 
 dat. of instrument with x^op/qv (\i<a) : may be rendered freely, / poured 
 
 out to, etc a libation, first of honey and milk, etc. — V. 2§. eirt, sc. 
 
 Xot|v, and upon the libation, I scattered (iraXwov : iraXvvw), etc. — V. 29. 
 TroXXd, adv. — yowov\}.r]V : ■yovvoop.ai = ■yowd?op.ai. — v€kvcov .... Kapr]va, 
 lit. heads of, etc. , a form of expression which we do not imitate : we may 
 render the sentence, I earnestly supplicated the nerveless shades, (and prom- 
 ised) that, having arrived at Ithaca, I ivould sacrifice in my palace a farrow 
 cow, etc. The act of supplication implies the accompanying vow ; and 
 hence we may express the thought, and promised, in translating. — V. 30. 
 IXewv agrees with the subj. of pe'^iv (p^co) : H. 775 ; S. Gr. 536, b ; G. 
 § 136, Note 2. The subj. of pe'ieiv is the same as that of the governing 
 verb "yovvovp/!]v : hence, not expressed ; and the adjunct of the suppressed 
 subj. (IX0wv) is in the nora. ■ — V. 31. Trvpr|v .... 4<r9Xwv, and ivould 
 fill (£\nr\i)(r{\i.£V, e(xiriirXi]|i.i) an altar (strictly, a place for fire) with good 
 
ODYSSEY XL ZO 
 
 things (G. § 172 ; H. 575; S. Gr. 418). —V. 32. aTrdvevGev, apart (from 
 the other offerings). — lepeucre'uev : same const, with pe'£eiv and ep/n-XTjo-e'- 
 p.ev : that I would sacrifice. — oia> : emphatic position : qualifies Teipeo-lTj. 
 
 — V. 33. Trap.ji.eXav' qualifies o'iv : 6s relates to ol'v, which excels among, 
 etc. — V. 34. Totis, obj. of e'XXicrdpTjv (Lex. Xio-o-opat). — ev^X-jo-i 
 Xittjo-i re : dat. plnr., with vows, etc. — e"0vea, appos. with tovs : these, the 
 nations, etc. — V. 35. 8e introduces the principal sentence (after the 
 relative sentence eWt .... e'XXio-dp.T]v). H. 862, b ; S. Gr. 585, ab ; 
 G. 227, 2. — to. 8e p.f)Xa . . . . e's Po8pov, and taking the sheep, I opened the 
 veins of the neck (d"sre8eipoTc'p/r]o-a, diroSeipoTopew) into the trench (i. e. so 
 that the blood might flow into the trench). Cf. Xen. Anab. 2, 2, 9. <r<pd- 
 fjavTes .... els cunriSa. Ameis suggests that dir-, in the verb, denotes 
 the turning away his head, as he cut the veins : others understand it to 
 mean simply, I cut open, etc. If e's (3o0pov were joined with pee, 8e would 
 properly be before pe'e. — V. 37, tyvyai : appos. with al 8e'. H. 500, d. 
 "In Hm.," etc. S. Gr. 353, c ; G. § 140, Note 2 : and they, the souls of 
 the departed dead, etc. — inre|, Lex. vtt4k. — 'Epe'^evs, gen. Lex. "Epepos. 
 
 — Vv. 38-43 are bracketed in all the most critical editions, and may be 
 omitted. If rendered, the nominatives in vv. 38 ff. are in appos. with 
 *|/uxa£. — V. 45. pvfjXa, obj. of SeipavTes and KaraK^ai : I ordered (them 
 = my companions), having flayed the sheep, which, etc , to burn (them). 
 
 — €V<j>a*ype'va (o-<j>d|w). It will be recollected that the victims had already 
 been slain (vv. 35, 36). — V. 47. 'A'tS-rj, Ilepo-e^ovetTj : appos. with 0eoi- 
 o-tv. — Vv. 48, 40. avTos .... t'lp/qv ("np-ai), but 1 myself, having, etc., 
 remained seated. — ei'oov, edw. — V. 50. al'paros dcro-ov I'uev (Att. le'vat), 
 to approach nearer the blood. — irplv .... 7rv0eV8ai : H. 768, 769 ; S. Gr. 
 531 ; G. § 274 : before 1 perceived, etc. 
 
 Vv. 51-89. First, the shade of Elpenor, one of his companions, lost in 
 the palace of Circe, appears to him ; and entreats him, on his return to the 
 upper air, not to neglect the rites of sepulture, which had not yet been 
 paid to Elpenor, Then the shade of Odysseus's mother appears to him. 
 
 Vv. 90-149. Interview between Teiresias — formerly a blind prophet 
 of Thebes — and Odysseus. Teiresias is allowed to drink of the blood, and 
 then predicts to Odysseus his future fortunes. 
 
 Vv. 150 - 224. Odysseus's mother, Anticleia, is next allowed to drink of 
 the blood, and then speaks. She inquires of Odysseus why he had come 
 thither, to which he replies, and then gives some account of his fortunes. 
 Anticleia informs him what had transpired in Ithaca since his departure ; 
 speaks particularly of Penelope, Telemachus, and Laertes. 
 
 Vv. 225 - 332. Odysseus beholds many noble women, of whose race and 
 family various things are related. ' 
 
 Vv. 333-384. The narrative of Odysseus is here interrupted by some 
 remarks of the queen Arete, of the aged hero Echeneiis, and of the king 
 
26 NOTES. 
 
 Alcinoiis, who promises to send him homeward, laden with gifts, on the 
 morrow. Meanwhile he begs Odysseus to continue his narrative. 
 
 Vv. 385 - 466. Interview between the shade of Agamemnon and Odys- 
 seus described. Agamemnon tells of the baseness of his wife Clytemnestra 
 and her paramour Aegisthus : assures Odysseus of the fidelity of Penelope. 
 
 Vy. 467-540. Interview between Achilles and Odysseus. 
 
 V. 467. -fjXGe 8' eirl (tmesis) \J/vxf| kt4., and the shade of, etc., ap- 
 proached. Il'pX^tdSea) : patronymic, H. 466 ; S. Gr. 31b ; 1st declens. 
 H. 136 D, 2 ; S. Gr. 638, b ; G. § 39. — 'AxiXips : H. 189 D ; S. Gr. 661 ; 
 G. § 59, 3. — V. 468. IIaTpoKXf|os : nom. IldTpoKXos, Patroclus: in the 
 oblique cases, 3d declens. H. 180, 180 D ; S. Gr. 658 ; G. § 60. — V. 469. 
 Al'avTos : nom. Ai'as, Aias, or oftener in Eng. Ajax. — eiSds re Sepas re : 
 ace. of specif., in looks and in stature. — V. 470. to>v ...» Aaveuav lim- 
 its dp uttos, best .... of the other Dana i, — a frequent form of solecism. — 
 |i€Ttt ktI. is also closely connected in thought with dpio-Tos, best . ... af- 
 ter, or next to, etc. ITqXeuiDva : nom. Il^Xeiw. H. 466, a ; S. Gr. 318, b. 
 
 — V. 471. AlaKiSao (limits \Jruxrj) : patronymic: declens. H. 136 D, 
 b, 1 ; S. Gr. 638, a ; G. § 39. Aeacldes, or descendant of Aeacus (grand- 
 father of Achilles). We find here four forms to denote the same person. 
 Achilles, Peleides, Peleion, and Aeacides. For an account of the heroes al- 
 luded to in this connection, see Class. Die. — V. 472. irpoc-TpSa (irpo- 
 <rcu>Sdco) : subj. iJn>XTj. — V. 474. tCttt' (= ti itotc) .... peered (p.Tj- 
 Sopcu) ep-yov ; what in the world, a still greater deed, will you plot in mind ? i. e. 
 what deed still greater than those before Troy ? Cr. : what deed in the 
 future still greater than this? Am., F., Diintz. The latter seems to be 
 the true idea. — V. 475. Ka.T€X0€p.€v, intin. = KareXGeiv. — V. 476. 
 eiSwXa : appos. with vexpoi. — V. 478. pe'-ya, adv. with fyiprare, far the 
 bravest. — Notice vie with short penult in the foot, -os vli (dactyl). H. 86 
 D ; 87 D ; S. Gr. 631. — V. 479. Teipecrico Kara XP € '°s is usl1 - under- 
 stood to mean, lit. on account of a need of Teiresias, or more simply, on ac- 
 count ofTeiresias, i. e. to consult him. — Vv. 479, 4§0. el ... . el'irot, 
 Siras, if he (Teiresias) might mention any plan, by which, etc. — V. 481. 
 <r)(eSov, prep, with gen. 'AxcutSos, near to the Grecian land. — dp7]s (fr. 
 dpos = fjpe'Tepos) yrjs, depends on etr-, nor have I yet set foot on our soil. — 
 V. 482. o-eio (Att. <rov), emphat. position ; but, in comparison ivith you, 
 Achilles, no man formerly (while you lived) was most happy, nor afterwards 
 (now that you are dead) sc. is any one most happy. Ameis joins <reio with 
 oiJ tis, no man other than you is most happy, etc. : F. explains the whole ex- 
 pression as a brachylogy for o-eio oiins paKaprepos, aVre paxaprdTO-u ovtos. 
 
 — V. 484. Ta-a eeoioav : G. § 186 ; H. 603 ; S. Gr. 438, b, equally with 
 the gods. — V. 485. 'Ap-vetoi : appos. with subj. of eViopev. — pe-ya xpa- 
 Teeis (Kpareco) with dat. of place, you are very powerful among, etc. G. § 
 190; H. 612; S. Gr. 446, a. — V. 486. to, therefore: dxax%€v, dxa- 
 X^to. — V. 488. Notice the force of 8tj, throwing the chief emphasis on 
 the neg. p.i]. H. 851; S. Gr. 580, d. — irapaxiSa, imperat., TrapavSdto : 
 
ODYSSEY XL 27 
 
 do not speak to me consolingly of death at least. — V. 490. Notice here p-rj 
 with the optat. H. 835 ; S. Gr. 570 ; G. § 231 : to whom there might not be 
 an abundant income = though there might not be to him, etc. (Siotos, income : 
 kX-fjpos, an inheritance: aKXrjpos, without inheritance. — V. 491. i] : con- 
 nect with PovXotp.tiv K6 : the ellipsis of pdXXov before ^ is not unfrequent : 
 I should wish .... (rather) than, etc. — KaTa<p8ip€voto-iv (KarcupOUo) : em- 
 phasizes veKveo-cri : than to be king of all the dead (who have) perished. — 
 V. 492. toO .... (x{)0ov : a word respecting that brave son : irauSos, ob- 
 jective gen. with pv0ov. Ameis. — evlo-rres : H. 450 D, 8 ; S. Gr. 740 ; G. 
 Appendix : eve'irw. — V. 493. *].... ovkI (= Att. otixO, whether he 
 followed to the war to be foremost, or even not. — V. 494. Tre7ruo-crat (iruv- 
 edvojiai) : double <r metri gratia : if you have heard anything from, etc. — 
 •rroXea-iv : iroXvs. Not to be confounded with irdXeo-iv (fr. irdXis). — dv* 
 'EXXdSa, throughout Hellas : not to be understood of Greece at large, as in 
 the historic period ; but only of a city, and limited territory around it, in 
 Thessaly. — V. 497. plv, obj. ; and 7^pas, subj. of Kara .... fyti. — 
 Xctpas, iroSas : partit. appos. with piv. H. 500, b ; S. Gr. 353, b. — V. 
 49§. ky&v, sc. elpf. — V. 499. toios ewv olos .... ire'cpvov : lit. be- 
 ing such, as I slew, etc. ; that is, being such, as (I was when) I slew, etc. — 
 V. 500. dpwwv (dpuvco), while defending. Blunderers often confound 
 this with the adj. dpvpwv. — V. 501. d toioo-8' <jX0oipi, if (being) such 
 a person, I might go, etc. — Tre'p, intens. — is .... Sw (subst.), to the house 
 of, etc. — V. 502. to (cf. v. 486) Ke T€a> (= tivi) o-Tti|aipi ia-rvyeoi) 
 kt4., then would I make my force and invincible hands terrible to any who, etc. 
 — V. 503. oi, though plur., refers to ri<o as collective in force. Cf. 
 Xen. Anab. 1, 4, 8. It is not necessary to suppose the ellipsis of t<3v after 
 Tew. — pidwvTCU (Pidw), lipyova-iv (Lex. dpyot, and ^pyw), treat him with vio- 
 lence and keep him away, etc. — V. 505. n-qXfjos .... oiiri, not anything 
 respecting, etc. : ircuSds ye ... . d\ir|0€iav, all the truth respecting, etc. Cf. 
 Toii ircuSbs .... pi)0ov, v. 492, note. — V. 506. NeoirroXe'poio (fr. 
 ve'os, irrdXtpos = irdXcpos). What is here said of Neoptolemus — new 
 warrior — occurred after the death of Achilles. — V. 508. avrbs .... 
 ^■yaYov .... per' . . . . I myself led him .... among, etc. Notice this 
 use of perd, with ace. H. 645, a ; S. Gr. 447, o. — eta-Tjs : Lex. £'i<ros. — 
 V. 510. St€ . . . . <}>pa£olpeea : H. 757, 758 ; S. Gr. 523 ; G. 233 : 
 whenever we devised plans, etc. — V. 511. dpaprdva) with the gen., in the 
 sense to miss, to err from, is frequent ; but the use here is somewhat pecu- 
 liar : he did not err in his words, or from the (right) words. — V. 512. viKa<r- 
 Kopsv : viKdco, with iterative ending. H. 410 D ; S. G. 738 ; G. § 122, 2, 
 Indie. : imperf., aug. omitted: (viKdeo-Kov, viKao-Kov). — ol'w, dual: alone 
 surpassed (him). — V. 513. oVt .... papvaipeGa : cf. ore .... <|>pa|., 
 note, v. 510. -— V. 515. irpoBe'eo-Ke (irpoGew, with iterative ending), he 
 used to run forward. — to ov pe'vos, in that his strength, or in that strength of 
 his. — V. 517. ovk &v pvvT|o-opai (aor. subj. with short mode-sign. G. 
 § 122, 2, Subj. ; H. 347 D; S. Gr. 697) ovo' 6vopr|va> (Lex. ovopaivco). 
 Force of this const. ? H. 720, e ; S. Gr. 488, d ; G. § 255 : but I shall not 
 
28 .NOTES. 
 
 (or I oannot) mention, nor name, all, as many people as he, etc. — V. 510. 
 but (will mention) how he slew, or, what-sort-of person that Telephides (was, 
 whom) he, etc. KaTevTjpaxo, KaTevaipcpai. — V. 520. dpcp' clvtov, i. e. 
 EvpiiTTvXov. — V. 521. KrjTcioi : Cetei, a people of Mysia, followers of 
 Eurypylus. — yuvaia>v .... 8wpov : on account of presents to a woman. 
 Astyoche, it is said, a sister of Priam, wife of the Mysian king Telephus, 
 and mother of Eurypylus, was induced by a present of a golden vine from 
 her brother Priam to send her son to the Trojan war. — V. 522. Ketvov, 
 him, i. e. Eurypylus, obj. of 'iSov (= Att. etSov). Force of 8t| ? H. 851 ; 
 S. Gr. 580, d. — kciXXlc-tgv .... jxcxd, [being) most beautiful after (or next 
 to). — V. 523. ds IVttov . . . . ov Kap' (Lex. icdpvco) 'Eimos, into the 
 horse, which Epeus hid made ivith toil, — the famous Trojan horse. — V. 524. 
 oi &pio-TOi, appos. with the subj. of KC.T6Palvop.ev. — eirl .... re'TaX-TO : 
 erriTeXXw. — V. 525 is bracketed in all critical editions. If translated, it 
 is epexegetical of iravra, — all things were committed to me, [both to open and 
 to shut the close place-of ambush.] This entire sentence is parenthetical. 
 V. 526. €v8a : correl. of '6n, v. 523. But when .... then the other, 
 etc. — V. 527. (ipdp-yvwTO (opop-yvvpi), wiped away. — xpepov .... 
 vtto : Lex. {nroTpepw : "yvia is understood as subj. — V. 528. kcivov, 
 him (i. e. the son of Achilles, Neoptolemus), obj. of I'Sov. — irdpirav 
 with a neg., not at all. — V. 529. a>xpr|o-avTa (o>\pd(a) agrees with 
 kcivov. — XP° a (XP^s) KaXXipov, ace. of specif. : neither having become pale 
 in his Beautiful complexion, etc. — irapeiwv : gen. of separation : from his 
 cheeks.— V. 53®. pdXa iroXX' (= iroXXd : G. § 24, 3 ; H. 100 ; S. Gr. 
 61), adverbial, very earnestly. — V. 531. 4|ip€vcu (= 4£i4vai, fr. ^jeipi), 
 that he might go forth. — eTrepcusxo : empaiopai. Cf. 9 : 302. — V. 532. 
 pevotva : pevoivdo) : he purposed (or he plotted) calamities against, etc. — 
 V. 534. poipav .... e'xtov, with his portion (of the spoil) and with 
 the prize of valor (i. e. Andromache, wife of Hector), he embarked, etc. 
 
 — V. 53©. <xvtoo-X£S(.i]v, adv. = avTOo-xeSdv, in close combat. — ovxa- 
 <rp€vos 5 ivounded (by thrusting) : PspX-rjpe'vos, hit (by something cast). — 
 old T€ TroXXd (adv.) "yi*yv£xai, as often happens. — V. 537. eiriplfj 8e Tg 
 (Epic use) ktI. A co-ordinate sentence : and Ares rages in the midst of the 
 tumult, where a subordinate would seem to us more natural, while Ares, etc. 
 
 — V. 539. tpolxa (= ecpoixa), tpoixdw. — paKpd fkfBdcra (Gr. paivco D), 
 with long strides, lit. stepping long. — V. 540. yiqQoo-vvr) (yqOdo-vvos), adj. 
 agreeing with <pvxr|, joyful: 6, causal conj. = 6ti. — xiidv, subj. of «Ivai, 
 that his son was, etc. 
 
 Vv. 541-567. Odysseus and Ajax. 
 
 Y. 541. Al 8* &XXai vjnjxai ktI. is thought by Ameis and Faesi to 
 refer to those mentioned in v. 468, i. e. Patroclus and Antilochus. — V. 
 542. 4kqo-tt| : appos. with the subj. of el'povxo : and they each asked about 
 those things which concerned them : KT|8ea, direct obj. of el'povxo : G. § 158, 
 Note 2 ; H. 544, a ; S. Gr. 390, a. — V. 545. t^v, cogn. ace. ; piv, di- 
 rect obj. H. 555 ; S. Gr. 399 ; G. § 159, Note 4 : in which I conquered him ; 
 
ODYSSEY XL 29 
 
 or, more freely, which I gained over him. — 8iKa£d|j.€vos irapd vr\v<rlv, while 
 contending near the ships, i. e. the ships of the Greeks, which were drawn up 
 on the coast near Troy, before the taking of that city. — V. 546. tcvx*- 
 <riv d|A<f>' (= djicfn, which never suffers anastrophe. H. 102 D, b ; S. Gr. 
 634) 'Axlatjos : for the arms of Achilles (after the death of this hero). — 
 £0t)K€ .... p-T|TTjp : and his revered mother offered {them). After the death 
 of Achilles, and the conclusion of the funeral games, instituted in his 
 honor, Thetis, his mother, offered his armor — so runs the story — to that 
 hero who had done most to rescue the body of her son. Ajax and Odysseus 
 both contended for the honor. The case was referred to the Trojan cap- 
 tives, as most likely to be impartial ; and they, influenced, it is said, by 
 Athena, decided in favor of Odysseus. — V. 548. a>s . . . . vucdv : 
 that I had not been a victor, etc. Force of this form of wish ? H. 721, b ; 
 S. Gr. 490 ; G. § 251, 2. The opposite of the thing wished is implied, 
 namely, but I was a victor. — eirt with dat. here denotes the aim : in aim- 
 ing at, or simply, for such a prize. — V. 549. 'ivzK avrwv (refers to rev- 
 \to-iv, v. 546) : on account of them, or on their account. The whole expres- 
 sion, the earth held, etc., denotes the death of Ajax. — V. 550. Al'av0', 
 appos. with K€t{>a\T)v. — irept : join with t€tvkto {Tiv\<a) : who was superior 
 in, etc. ; lit. who had been made superior. Cf. 1, 66. — V. 551. Cf. v. 
 470. — V. 552. tov, this one, him, i. e. Ajax. — V. 553. ovk in a ques- 
 tion. Force ? H. 829 ; S. Gr. 566, b ; G. § 282, 2. — V. 554. oiSi : 
 negation repeated and strengthened : H. 843 ; S. Gr. 577 ; G. 283, 8 : 
 were you not then, even after death, about to forget, etc. — i\ioi : ethical dat. — 
 c^veKa .... ovi\o|xevwv : closely connected in thought with yokov : anger 
 on account of the destructive armor ; called destructive because it led to the 
 death of Ajax ; who was disappointed and chagrined in not obtaining it 
 as a prize, and consequently lost his reason, and put an end to his own 
 life. — V. 555. t& 5e : sc. rev^ta. — irqfia : appos. with t& Si : and these 
 (arms), as a sorrow, the gods appointed, etc. — -V. 556. toios .... dirw- 
 Xeo (aTroXXvui) : for you perished, being such a tower to them. Elsewhere, in- 
 stead of irvp-yos, Horn, often uses £picos, a defence, or more literally still, a 
 fence. — <reio : gen. of cause, with dxvvp.€0a. — V. 5 5*7. t<rov .... 
 K6<j>aXfj : lit. equally with the head of, etc. In an Eng. idiom, as much as for 
 Achilles son of Peleus. IItiXT|id8ao : H. 136 D, b, 1 ; S. Gr. 638, a; G. 
 § 39. In v. 467 we have ITr|XTfCd8«D. — V. 558. <f>0i.p.€voio (<j>0ivg>) : 
 agrees with <reio, for you when dead, etc. — ovSe tis dXXos, sc. fjv. — V. 
 560. fjx^lpe : e'xQalpw. — retv : G. § 79, Note 2 ; H. 233 D, under <rv : 
 S. Gr. 678. — eirl with '4Qr\Kev : tmesis. — |ioipav, obj. of the comp. verb : 
 appointed death to thee. — V. 561. '4tto<$, p.v0ov : nearly synonymous : our 
 word and story. — V. 563. fir\ = Zfir) : fr. |3aiva). — V. 564. Kcn-a- 
 t€0vt)wto)v (Ka.Ta0vT|o-K&>) adds little to the meaning of vskvcov, save as a 
 descriptive epithet : into Erebus, among the shades of the departed dead. — V. 
 565. £v0a : temporal: then. — x = K ^ (enclit.). — 6p.tos, nevertheless: the 
 reading of Ameis, Faesi, Diintzer, and others. Dind., Cr., and others 
 read 6p.ws, in like manner. — Trpo<r€<f>T], sc. p.e. — iy<a, sc. irpocr6<pT]v : or I 
 
30 NOTES. 
 
 (should have addressed) him. — Y. 566. pot: ethical dat. with. ^0eXe 
 (€0€'\a>). 
 
 Vv. 568 - 626. Odysseus speaks of Minos, Orion, Tityus, Tantalus, Si- 
 syphus, and Hercules, whom he saw in the under-world. 
 
 Y. 570. oi Se |uv dptpl .... avaKTa : and they, around him, the king. 
 Eecollect that dp<{>i does not suffer anastrophe. H. 102 D, b ; S. Gr. 634. 
 
 — SIkcis (obj. of ei'povTo, fr. £pop.cu) : an abstract noun in the plur. : ques- 
 tions of right. — Y. 57%. Tdv, with |X€T(i, which loses its accent with the 
 elision : after this one. — Y. 573. elXevvra : e'uXw, clXXto, elXe'co. For the 
 contraction, see H. 32 D, f ; S. Gr. 615 ; G. § 124, 2 : driving in a crowd 
 (ojxov) the wild animals. — Y. 57 &. tovs (as relat.) .... KaT€ir€<j)vev, 
 which he himself slew ; i. e. when he was still alive, and a famous hunter on 
 the earth. — Y. 577. eir' evve'a .... ireXeGpa, extending over nine hun- 
 dred feet. — Y. 5f8. yvm (yvty) .... TrapTjpe'vco : and two vultures sit- 
 ting, one on either side. — ^irap : partit. appos. with piv. H. 500, b ; S. Gr. 
 353, b ; lit. devoured him, his liver: more freely rendered, devoured his liver. 
 
 — Y. 579. SepTpov <£<r<a Svvovres, entering within the caul, — the membrane 
 enveloping the bowels. — oik dira^vviro (dirapiivto), did not keep (them) off 
 from himself — Y. 580. A-tyrco : ace. obj. of -fjXtajo-e (IXtcew), for he had 
 (H. 706 ; S. Gr. 481 ; G. Moods and Tenses, § 19, Note 4) insulted Leto, 
 the honored wife of Zeus, as she went to Pytho, through, etc. At,tw, irvGo-Se : 
 accent irreg. H." 194, a; S. Gr. 105, a; G. § 55. —V. 582. \akiv = 
 yaXeird : accent of the elided syllable thrown back. H. 100 ; S. Gr. 61 ; 
 G. § 24, 3. — ^x oVTa agrees with TdvraXov, Tantalus, having grievous woes. 
 Y. 583. 7€V€iw : dat. with the comp. verb irpoo-e'irXa^e ; and this (i. e. 
 the lake) came near his chin. — V. 584. arrevro : H. 405 D, c. o-tcvtch : 
 S. Gr. 734, o. — irie'av (irivw) depends on IXeVOcu, and is understood with 
 ottcvto : and, thirsting, he undertook (continually) to drink, but was not able to 
 take (of the water) to drink. What is the objection to placing the comma 
 after iri&iv and connecting this infm. solely with o-t6vto ? — V. 585. 
 6<r<rdKi kv\};€1€ : a relat. sent, with the optat. Force of this const. ? H. 
 729, b ; S. Gr. 498 ; G. 225. — Y. 58©. dvappo X ev (stem Ppo X ) : 2 aor. 
 pass, particip. : a defective verb, found only in one other form dva- (or 
 Kara-) Ppo^sie : so often did the water, swallowed up, recede (airoXto-KeTo : 
 duoXXupa, with iterative ending). — V. 58^. <j>dv€<rK£ (<}>cuv(o) : 2 aor. 
 pass, with iterative ending. — Ka.Ta£r|vacrK€ (Kara^aLvw) : aor. act. with 
 iterat. ending : and some god made it (the ground) quite dry. — Y. 588. 
 SevSpea, subj. of kcito, .... \4e (Karax^) : poured down from, etc. — 
 Yv. 589, 590 s appos. with 8e'v8pea. — Y. 591. twv : with eirl . . . . 
 |xdo-ao-8ai (cirip.dop.ai) : to grasp (any) of these with his hands. — 6iroV I0v- 
 o-€ie (I0vw) : relat. sent, with optat. Cf. v. 585. — Y. 592. Notice 8e 
 again, to introduce a subordinate, instead of a co-ordinate, clause : may be 
 rendered, then. — Tas, obj. of piTrrao-Ke (piirro), with iterat. end. and with 
 a, as connecting vowel, in the iraperf. H. 410 D ; S. Gr. 738, b ; G. § 122, 
 2, Indie), then the wind cast these (the trees, or, more properly, perhaps, the 
 
ODYSSEY XI. 31 
 
 branches of the trees, mentioned above). — V. 593. Cf. v. 582. — tcpa- 
 Tcp' (Lex. Kparepds) : cf. note on xa-XeV, v. 582. — V. 504. Xaav .... 
 ireXupiov : obj. of (3acrTd£ovTa, which agrees with 1>i<rvtyov. — dp-jpoTepTjcriv 
 (dat. plur. fr. &p.<J>oT€pos), sc. yepo-iv, with both hands. — V. 595. 6 jxev, 
 i. e. 2t<rv(J>os. — V. 596. <o9eo-K€ : w0c't»>, with iterat. ending. — 6tc peX- 
 Xoi : relat. sent, with optat., as often as he was about to, etc. Cf. v. 585, v. 
 591. — V. 597. vnreppaXe'eiv, sc. Xaav : to cast [the stone) over the summit. 
 
 — tot' diroo-TpeJ/ao-Ke (a.Tro(rTp€<j>a) with iterat. end.) Kparaus, then an over- 
 powering force turned it {each time) away from {the summit). — V. 598. No- 
 tice the succession of dactyls in this verse, giving it a rapidity of move- 
 ment well adapted to the thought. — Xdas dvaiSifjs, the shameless stone, 
 spoken as though it were a thing of life and feeling. — V. 599. 6ye, i. e. 
 Sisyphus. — wo-ao-Kj (1 aor. with iterat. ending of o>0€a>) : sc. Xaav : but he 
 with toil (TiTaivd|X€vos, lit. stretching himself) pushed -{it) back. — V. 600. 
 p-tXecov : piXos. — Kpa-rds, Lex. Kpds : not to be conlounded with Kpdros. 
 
 — op^pci : Lex. dpvvpi : and dust rose above his head (or more exactly, out 
 of Ms head. As he leaned forward towards the steep hill, his head came 
 near the ground, and the dust rose above it, or seemed to arise out of 'it, as 
 the poet represents). - For a fuller account of Sisyphus, and of the other 
 mythological personages mentioned in this connection, the student should 
 consult his classical dictionary. It will be noticed that the crime of Tan- 
 talus, and that of Sisyphus, for which they are thus punished, is not here 
 mentioned. — V. 601. tov Se p.€T : cf. v. 572. — pi-qv 'HpaKX^e^v, the 
 might of Hercules = the mighty Hercules. — V. 60S. eiStoXov : appos. with 
 Pfyv 'Hpax-, and explanatory : his phantom. — avrbs 8e, but he himself. 
 This representation is very extraordinary, and worthy of note. — V. 603. 
 ^X« : he has (as wife). — V. 605. dp.<f>l Si piv, and around him, i. e. his 
 €t8<oXov. — ws, accented because it stands after the word with which it is 
 connected in sense. H. 104, a ; S. Gr. 64, e. — V. 607. vevpfjsjuv : 
 veupd, dat. sing, with the ending -<|>iv. — V. 608. (3a\lovn : fut. fr. 
 PaXXw : resembling one about to cast (i. e. the arrow). — V. 609. <ruep8a- 
 Xt'os : pred. adj. — dopTTJp : appos. with TeXapav : and terrible round about 
 his breast, as sword-belt, was the golden strap: ol, "dat. of interest in looser 
 relations." — tva (v. 610), where. — t£tukto (tcvx^), had been wrought (prob- 
 ably in embroidery). — Vv. 611, 612 : appos. with ^a : wonderful ob- 
 jects, bears, etc. — va-\s.lvai and p.dxcu are nearly synonymous: also <f>dvoi 
 and dvopOKTacrtai : conflicts and battles, and carnage and slaughter of men. — 
 V. 613. p.T|, urj8e' : neg. repeated for emphasis : with the optat. to denote 
 a wish. H. 721 ; S. Gr. 489, a ; G. § 251, 1. — lYKaT0€TO : kyKa.TO.ri^p.i. 
 
 — tin ... . Te X v TI depends on Iv in compos., the man who placed that belt 
 in his aH (i. e. among his works), may he not (or let him not), after having 
 devised {it), may he not devise even anything else. That is, he could never 
 produce anything else to equal it, and would consequently only damage 
 his reputation by any other work. — V. 615. 'iyva and iScv, sc. epi : 
 Keivos, that one, he, i. e. Hercules. — V. 616. pi depends on irpoo-- in 
 compos. After the declaration above (v. 602), that this was only the ei'Sco- 
 
32 NOTES. 
 
 Xov of Hercules, one is surprised at what is here said. — V. 618. Tivd, 
 with |xopov {fortune, life). — V. 619. ox&o-kov : 6\4<a with iterat. end- 
 ing. — V. 620. ^a. H. 406 D, 1 ; S. Gr. 734, s ; G. § 129, Note. — 
 V. 621. xtlpovi 4>os>tI : Eurystheus. See Class. Die. Heracles or Her- 
 cules. — V. 622; 8e8fiT||JU]v : Lex. 8ap.da>. — V. 623. kvv* &£ovt' : to 
 bring (back) the dog: i. e. Cerberus, as he was afterwards called. The name 
 does not occur in Horn, and is first mentioned in Hesiod. — &Wov with 
 &€0\ov, that there was no longer another labor, etc. — V. 625. tov, i. e. 
 Kvva, obj. of dv€V€iK€ (dvatjsepto). — V. 626. ^ircp-xj/ev, sent, in the sense, 
 conducted, escorted. Hermes was the conductor of souls to the under-world ; 
 and Athena, the constant helper of Hercules. 
 
 Y v. 627 - 640. Return to the ship, and prosecution of the voyage. 
 
 V. 62f. 6, i. e. Hercules. — V. 62§. (icvov : imperf. with omitted 
 augment. — V. 629. to irpoo-Oev. Note the use of to here. Cf. in Att. 
 to irp6c-6ev, Xen. Anab. 1, 10, 11 : to dpxcuov, 1, 1, 6. — V. 630. kc 
 with i8ov, should have seen : HQtkov, sc. ISeiv. — V. 632. dXXu, irpiv, but 
 previously: i. e. before 1 saw them. — em, with d-yelpero, were collected to- 
 gether, were assembled. — V. 634L. |atj, after the notion of fear (8tos), that, 
 lest. — p.ol, not to be taken as expressing motion to, but rather as dat. of 
 interest. — ireXwpov : appos. with FopY«L?|v, adj. = the gen. Fop-yovs. Cf. 
 note on avrutv, 1, 7. The head of Gorgo, terrible monster. — Vv. 637, 
 638. Cf. 9, 178, 179 ; also 9, 562, 563. - V. 639. t^v, i. e. vf^a. — 
 Kar' '£Ik- wot-, along the ocean river, or along the river Oceanus. For the 
 Homeric conception of Oceanus, see Class. Die. — Ki)fj.a pooio, the wave of 
 the current, i. e. the f 'owing wave, subj. of <J>€pe. — Y. 640. irpwTa .... 
 dpeo-ltj, at first with rowing. So Am., F., Diintz. ; but Cr. and Dind. read 
 €lp€o-(,T|, norm, sc. <j>€pe. 
 
 BOOK XII. —The Sirens, Scylla, and Charybdis. 
 
 BOOK XIII. — Arrival of Odysseus in Ithaca. 
 
 BOOK XIV. — Conversation with the old Servant Eumaeus. 
 
 BOOK XV. — Return of Telemachus. He repairs to the Cottage of 
 
 Eumaeus. 
 
 BOOK XVI. — Odysseus makes himself known to his Son. 
 
 BOOK XVII. — Telemachus visits the Palace, and rehearses his 
 .Adventures to his Mother. Odysseus repairs to the Palace in 
 Disguise. 
 
 BOOK XVIII. — Odysseus insulted by the Beggar Irus. Punishes 
 the Beggar. 
 
 BOOK XIX. — Odysseus, still in Disguise, converses with Penelope. 
 He is recognized by the old House-servant Eurycleia. 
 
ODYSSEY XIII. 33 
 
 BOOK XX. — Disorders in the Palace. 
 
 BOOK XXI. — Bending of Odysseus's Bow. 
 
 BOOK XXII. — Slaughter of the Suitors. 
 
 BOOK XXIII. —Recognition of Odysseus by Penelope. 
 
 Vv. 1-31. Eurycleia, an old and faithful servant, wakes Penelope, an- 
 nouncing the arrival of Odysseus, and the death of the suitors. Penelope 
 is incredulous, fearing some deception. 
 
 V. 1. rpips : the aged woman, i. e. Eurycleia, mentioned just at the 
 end of Book XXII., where she is charged hy Odysseus to go and wake 
 Penelope. — virept) 3 : plur. ; a is elided. — dv£f3ir|o-€To : for the connecting 
 vowel e, see H. 349 D ; S. Gr. 699 ; G. Appendix $aiv<a. — V. 3. Ippw- 
 o-avro : pwop.ai. — p.lv : fern, depends on the comp. verb irpoc-c'eiTtv : ad- 
 dressed a word to her. — V. 5. "E-ypso (kydpta) : 2 aor. mid. imperat. with 
 recessive accent. — V. <>. to.t' (to, used as relat. : ri, Epic use), the things 
 which. — V. 7, iK&verat : perf. in sense. — V. 9. iafj8eo-KOv : ktjSo> with 
 iterative ending. — Piowvto : fkdco. — V. 12. &4>pova : predicate. — 
 cirt<j>- .... eovTa : obj. : to render one, who is even very intelligent, foolish. 
 Or we may translate thus, to render (any one) foolish, even though he is very 
 intelligent. — V. 13. efrepi^o-av (kiri§alv<a) : gnomic aor. H. 707; S. Gr. 
 474, c ; G. § 205, 2. Recollect that p^o-co and '4§r\cra are causative. Lit. 
 tJiey cause one who is light-minded to advance on soundness of mind (i. e. to be- 
 come of sound mind). — V. 14. t{-'p € ' v£ts alo-tp.~| (ai'<n.p.os, elsewhere of 
 things, here of a person), right in mind. — V. 16. Tavra irapef Ipeovcra, 
 to say these things aside from (the truth). — V. 17. rjoeos, with virvov. — 
 err€'8T]o-€ : iTeSda>. — V. 18. tolovSc, sc. tiirvov. — Kare'SpaQov : Kara- 
 
 8ap0dva>. l| ov : of time, since. — Y. 19. KaxotXiov ktL, evil Ilium, 
 
 not to be named, — an expression exhibiting the strong emotion of Penelope. 
 — V. 20. Zpxev, Att. gpxov: fr. gpxcfuu. — V. 21-23. el ... . ift- 
 -yeiXe . . . . tw Kg ... . aTre'irep.^ 01 : supposition with contrary reality : 
 for if any other one ... . had announced .... then .... 7 should have 
 sent her, etc. : \U (v. 21) obj. of dve'vetpev. It might seem more natural to 
 say, had waked .... and announced, etc. ; but the announcement was the 
 chief thing, and hence, mentioned first. — V. 24. tovto, in this respect, 
 i. e. so as not to be driven back within the palace in dishonor and scorn 
 (ffwyepws, like a thing abhorred). — V. 28. 6 fjeivos, that stranger, appos. 
 with 'OSv<rev<$ : tov, relat. whom, obj. of aTijKov (dripdco). — V. 29. fj'ocev 
 oI8a. — V. 30. craotfjpoo-vtvTjo-L (a-(a§poo-vvr\) : abstract in the plur. Of. 
 note on dTao-9aXiT]criv, 1 : 7. — voTjjAaTa, the plans, obj. of 'UevQev. 
 
 Vv. 32-110. Penelope follows Eurycleia into the palace, but still fears 
 some deception. 
 
 V. 32. t| 8e, but she, Penelope. — Gopovcra : 0pw<rK<o. — V. 33. ircpi- 
 irXe'xSti : ircptirXeKft). — (JXec^dpttV depends on dird in compos, with t]k€V 
 
34 NOTES. 
 
 (fr. cw|>6r]|ii), she let fall .... from, etc. If cbro were regarded as a prep, 
 distinct from the verb, it would be duo, by anastrophe. (t)k«v may in form 
 be from tjkw, and so Faesi renders the clause, tears started from her eyes. 
 The first rendering is generally preferred.) — V. 35. evio-ires : 2 aor. 
 imperat. of evi(nrw, collateral form of even-to. — V. 37. 'oirirois ktc. de- 
 pends on evitrires : tell truly, if, etc., how, etc. : x € ^P a S €<J>*]K€V (4<|>CT]p.i.), laid 
 hands on, etc. — V. 40. Notice the asyndeton. — V. 41. KTeivojxevcov : 
 observe the force of the present particip. , of those who were being slain. — 
 V. 42. e'xov. Ameis supplies 0aX.dp.o-us, held the chambers closed. Cr., 
 F., and others supply tju&s, held us. The latter seems to me more natural. 
 
 — ei) dpapviai (Lex. "APft. A.), well fitted. — V. 43. irplv y' 6Ve hr\, be- 
 fore the time when at length, or until at length. — V. 45. p.€Ta KTajisvoio-t 
 (ktcIvw, 2 aor. mid. as pass.) vckucto-iv, among the slaughtered dead. — V. 46. 
 4o-Tad0' (— lo-TaoTa) : Att. eo-Tc»Ta (fr. ^o~tt]jxi). Ameis has eo-Te<30', which 
 must be read as a spondee by synizesis. — ot 8e', and they, i. e. the suitors 
 that had been slain. — p.lv a\i.$l, round about him. Observe that d[A<|>i does 
 not suffer anastrophe. H. 102, D, b ; S. Gr. 634 ; G. § 23, 2. —'iyjavres, 
 having, i. e. occupying, covering. — V. 47. l8ovo-a • condition. H. 789, e; 
 S. Gr. 540, e ; G. § 277, 4. — k4, with ldv0T]s (lalvw) : if you had seen (them), 
 you would have been, etc. The next verse is rejected in all critical editions, 
 and should not be translated. — V. 49. ot ue'v, they, the suitors : 8Vj, 
 resumptive ; and now they all, I say (lie), etc. — V. 50. 0eeioviTcu : Oeeiow 
 = 0€idcD. — V. 51. o-e: emphat. posit.: obj. of KaXeVo-cu. — V. 52. 
 eVev : Att. eirov (eiro|i.ai). — o-<f>anv : dat. of interest : or, ethical dat., with 
 the following clause: emP^-rov (em, palvw), dual: that you two may both (of 
 you, i. e. Penelope and Odysseus) in your heart, enter on your joy. — V. 53. 
 ire'iro<r0e : irda-\(a. — V. d5» TJ\0e .... e<j>e'o-Tios (pred. adj. H. 488, 
 Eem. c ; S. Gr. 340, c ; G. § 138, Note 7) : he himself, living has come home. 
 
 — V. 56. kcikws, with epe£ov : note the force of the imperf., have continued 
 (up to the present day) to do him harm. — V. 57. jJLVTjo-Tfjpes : with ol'-rrep : 
 antecedent incorporated in the relative clause. See Gr. Incorporation. — 
 tovs irdvTQs, these, all : or, as we more naturally say, all these : obj. of ert- 
 <ra,To. — V. 59. pey' = jie'^a, adv. — V. 60. «s k d<nra<TTbs kt!., how 
 welcome, etc. — V. 61. tov, relat. T€K6ue<r0a (tIktw), spoken of both 
 parents; and hence awkward to render into Eng., as we have no usual 
 word including both ideas to beget and to bear. Perhaps we may say, (ule'i 
 ktI.) and to the son, of whom we both are parents. — Vv. 62, 63. The sense 
 is, it is not true that Odysseus has slain the suitors, but some one of the 
 immortal gods has done it. — V. 64. dYao-ord|i.evos (dvau-ai), agrees with 
 tIs : used in the bad sense, being astonished (and offended) at, with ace. as 
 direct obj. H. 544, a ; S. Gr. 390, a ; G. § 158, Note 2 : 0vu.aXXea, adj. 
 with iippiv. — V. &5. TiecrKov : t(co, with iterative ending. — V. 66. 
 8tis (Att. 8o-tis) .... elo-a<}>UoiTo (optat. denoting indefinite frequency 
 of past action), whoever (of men dwelling on the earth) came to them, i. e. to 
 expostulate with them. — V. 67. to> : illative, by reason of this, therefore. 
 
 — V. 68. wXeo-e .... vocttov, lost his way back. — ttjXoi), with 'AxaiC- 
 
ODYSSEY XXIII. 35 
 
 80s, far from, etc. — V. 70. Cf. 1, 64. — V. 71. fj, relates to <ri, relat. 
 pron. with causal force : in that you, or since you denied that your husband, 
 who is within by the family hearth, would ever come home. — V. 72. rot 
 (= Att. trot) : dat. of possessor, sc. Io-tiv, there is to you, you have. — V. 73. 
 el'irco : subjunc. : let me mention, or I will mention. H. 720, a ; S. Gr. 488, 
 a ; G. § 253. — V. 74. ovXt|V : appos. with o-T]pa : something else, a very 
 clear sign, a scar from a wound, which a boar inflicted on, etc. — V. 75. 
 ri\v .... 4>pao-d|XT]v (<ppd£a>) : this I discovered while washing {him), — re- 
 lated in Book XIX. — V. 76. dXXd pe . . . . X 6 P°" £v > but he (Odysseus) 
 having stopped my mouth with his hands (lit. having taken me upon the mouth 
 with, etc.). — V. 77. iroXmSpiTjo-i. : dat. of cause : in his prudence of mind. 
 
 — V. 79. €£aird<pa> : e£aira<plcrKa). — ktcivcu is variously explained. Cr., 
 Toss, and some others make it depend on ir€pi8<£o-opai : / will wager my 
 own head (lit. myself), if I deceive you, (so as) to die a most miserable death (lit. 
 (so that you) slay me with most miserable destruction). Ameis and Diintzer 
 understand it as imperat., and place a colon after avTT)s, v. 78 : if I deceive 
 you, slay me, etc. The former is more generally preferred, although more 
 difficult to render into English. — V. §1, 82. \aXeir6v ore ... . el'pv- 
 o-0ai (Lex. Ipvcj, IV.), it is hard for you to pry into, etc. — iroXviSpiv 4o0<rav 
 (concess. though you are, etc. ) : agree with <ri. Penelope is still of the opin- 
 ion that some god had appeared in the form of Odysseus, and had purposely 
 taken on himself the scar which Eurycleia had seen. — V. 83. iop€v : 
 subjunc. with short mode-sign : used imperatively. — V. 84. f|8' 8s 
 &ir«f>V€V, and (him) who slew (them). —V. 85. KaTe'Pcuv' tiircpwl'a : H. 544, 
 a ; S. Gr. 390, a ; G. § 158, Note 2, she descended from the upper chambers. 
 
 — TroXXd : adverbial with wppaive (oppaivco) : her heart was much agitated; 
 4) .... {j, (being in doubt) whether . ... or, etc. — V. 87. irapo-T&o-a 
 (= Trapacrrao-a : Trapio-rripi) : opposed to dirdvevGe above : whether (being) 
 remote (from him), she should inquire after her dear husband, or, standing near 
 (him), shoidd kiss his head and hands, having grasped (them). — V. 88. 
 €io-T]X0€v Ka! virepifii] ktc. : not mere tautology, as the latter clause, which 
 is more specific, imparts vivacity to the description. — V. 89. '08- ivav- 
 tCt]: H. 587, f; S. Gr. 426, f; G. § 181, Note. — V. 90. Tofyov tov 
 CTe'pov, by the other (or the opposite) wall. Const. H. 590, a ; S. Gr. 428, a ; 
 G. § 179, 2. — V. 91. el' tI piv el'irot ktg., a rare const. : piv, obj. of 
 tl'-rroi, tI ace. of specif. : if his noble wife would address him at all. — V. 93. 
 dv€w : adv., in silence. — Yv. 94, 95. And by his appearance, at one time, 
 looking into his face, she would see him ; but at another, she would fail to recognize 
 him, having on his body vile garments : ItriSeo-Kev, Is and I'Sov (Att. cISov) with 
 iterat. ending : d-yvwcrao-Ke, d-yvoew, aor. with iterat. ending : XP°'^ (XP" S ^ : 
 dat. of place (poetic). I have endeavored to express the iterative idea by, 
 would see, would fail to recognize — V. 9©. ive'viirsv (muro)), reduplicated 
 aor. ; reproached (her). — %k t' ovopa^v : Lex. l§ovopd£«. — Y. 97. 
 8vcrp,T|T€p : Yoss renders it, du base Mutter ; it may perhaps be rendered 
 into English, unfeeling mother! — Y. 98. tU|>0 j , before an aspirated vowel 
 for Tlirre = ti itot€, why in the world? why I pray ? irarpos, from (my) fa- 
 
36 NOTES. 
 
 ther. — V. 90. pcTaXXds : p.€TaXXda> : is comm. rendered as nearly, if 
 not altogether, synonymous with dvetpop-cu. Araeis, however, translates 
 it (Od. 3, 243), "sich kummern, besorgt sein," to concern one's self. — V. 
 100. t€tXt]oti 0u|xui : in a bad sense: with unfeeling heart. — V. 101. 
 dvSpos, from (her) husband: ot, fern, for her. — V. 103. <roi, emphat. 
 posit.: dat. possessor with ko-rl. — V. 105. tc0/|-jt€V : Lex. Tt'G/jira. — 
 V. 100. irpo<rc{>do-0ai : irpoo-<f>r|j.i. — V. lO'S'. cvS' .... evavrtov, 
 nor to look directly (evavriov, lit. opposite to him) into his face. — V. 108. 
 vwi : dual subj. with plur. verb. H. 517 ; S. Gr. 368 ; G. § 135, Note 3 : 
 "yvwcrojieO' (yiyvf*)crK(a) here with gen. : oftener with ace. — kcu Xw'iov, even 
 better, i. e. better than we now know one another (Ameis) : or, as Cr. and 
 F. understand it, better than any one else, as Eurycleia, for example. — 
 Y. 110. Note the force of Srj after the relat. H. 851 ; S. Gr. 580, d ; 
 Lex. 8t|, III. 4. — Kat with v<3i, intens., even we, or only we: which, indeed, 
 being concealed from others, only we two know : I'Sp-ev, o!8a. 
 
 Vv. 111-151. Odysseus replies to Telemachus ; orders the servants to 
 prepare sports and dancing. 
 
 Y. 114. Kal apeiov : even better, i. e. better than now. Cf. Kal Xwiov, 
 v. 109. — Y. 115. #tti .... TOvveKa, because .... therefore. — pvrrdw : 
 Lex. pvrr&w. — XP ^ : c f- v - 95. — el'p.aTa : cognate ace. with etp-ai (gvvupa). 
 Odysseus had not yet laid aside the garments of a beggar, in which he had 
 hitherto appeared in the palace. — Y. 116. tcv, pred. with etvai : does 
 not yet believe (Lex. <j>T||xt, I.) that I am he. — V. 118. Kat, intens. with 
 eva (Cr., F., Am.) : even a single man. — evl S^p.to ? among the common people. 
 — Y. 119. a> p/rj . . . . eajcriv : hypothet. relat. sentence: unless there 
 may be to him, unless he has. — onltrtro), afterwards, i. e. after he has com- 
 mitted the murder. — Y. 120. cpev-yei, flees, i. e. is a fugitive. — irpoXiirwv, 
 going forth (irpo-) and leaving. — Y. 121. '4p\ia iroX-qos : opposed to eva 
 <j>a>Ta evl $i\\i.u> : the prop of the city, more fully explained by ot ktI. — 
 Y. 122. rd, obj.; <re, subj., of <f>pd£€O-0ai. — Y. 123. ir€7rvvpivos : 
 irc'irv'up.cu. — Y. 124. X€v<r<r€, see to, with direct obj., tcuJto,. — dpi- 
 o-ttjv : pred., that your wisdom is best. — Y. 125. tV dvGpc&irous, among 
 men: added to strengthen the statement; irrl with the ace. denoting 
 extent over and among. — ^dcr' = «j>aort, they say. — Y. 1 26. ipCa-ae 
 (ept^w), vie with. — Yv. 12 1 ?, 128 are bracketed in all the best German 
 editions. My practice in the class-room is to omit those passages which 
 are bracketed in the most critical editions. — Y. 131. Xo-uc-acrGe (Xotlw) : 
 direct mid., wash yourselves.- — dp,<f>Ucra0-0€ (&p,cJH€vvvp.i) x tT " vas > P ut on 
 (clean) tunics. This was in preparation for the dance. They had already 
 washed their hands and feet since the slaughter of the suitors : mentioned 
 in Book 22 : 478. — Y. 132. 4Xe'o-0ai : note the force of the mid., to 
 take for themselves, choose, select. These festivities were intended to conceal, 
 from those without, what had occurred within the palace, — the slaughter 
 of the suitors.- — Y. 133. <j>6pp.iyya. For a description of the phor- 
 minx, see Die. Antiq., p. 720. — Xtyetav : Xi"yvs. — Y. 134. <|>tX- dp\- : 
 
ODYSSEY XXIII. 37 
 
 depends on T|"y€i<rda>, let ... . lead for us the sportive dance. The minstrel 
 who sang and played the phorruinx is spoken of as leading the dance. — 
 V. 135. Note here kcv with the optat. in a final sentence, — a rare con- 
 struction, denoting a possibility under certain conditions. H. 740, b ; 741 ; 
 S. Gr. 507, b ; G. § 216, Note 2. — cktos clkovwv, i) .... 4) .... , hear- 
 ing without (the palace, the sound of revelry), either (any one) ascending the 
 road, or (any one of those) who dwell around. The palace was on a hill (cf. 
 I. 426) ; hence ctv' 68bv crxeix^v. The condition, implied in Kt'v, is ex- 
 pressed in aKOvtov, hearing, or, if he hear. — V. 137* |xt|, lest a wide-spread 
 report of the slaughter of the suitors extend, etc. ; or, some may prefer to 
 render it as a prohibition with Ye'vrjTai, let not, etc. — irpoo-Oe .... irplv 
 .... i\6i\Liv (eXGetv), before we go, etc. For irpiv with infin. see H. 769 ; 
 S. Gr. 531 ; G. § 274. — V. 140. a-ypov .... iroXvSe'vpeov, to our country- 
 seat abounding in trees. Here Laertes, the father of Odysseus, was yet liv- 
 ing. — V. 141. jidXa with kXvov, listened to him attentively. — V. 143. 
 8irXL<r0ev (6ir\££ft>) = Att. anrXlo-Gr^o-av. For the ending, see H. 355 D, c ; 
 S. Gr. 703 ; G. § 122, page 92 (bottom). — V. 145. jxoXirf t s : here spo- 
 ken of the song, in distinction from the dance (opx'H&H 1010 )- — V. 146. 
 roto-iv : may be viewed as dat. of interest, or as ethical dat. ; is not con- 
 veniently rendered into English. — irocrcriv : dat. of instrument ; and the 
 great mansion resounded round about with the feet of, etc. — V. 14§. tis, 
 indef. here and there one, many a one: eiVeo-Ke, etirov with iterat. ending. — 
 8d(jiwv : plur. because the palace contained many apartments : cf. pao-LXeia. 
 — atcovcov agrees with tis. — V. 140. rls, in the ordinary sense, some 
 one : gynfie ("yap.ew), has wedded. — PatriXeiav, i. e. Penelope. — Vv. 150, 
 151. ov8' £tXtj .... el'pvo-Gai (Lex. epva), IV.) .... Siap/rope's, nor 
 did she dare, etc., or, nor could she defend per severing! y the great house of, etc. : 
 irdo-ios, gen. with 8cajxa : ov, possess, pron. her. — dos ftc-, until he, etc. 
 
 Vv. 152-204. Odysseus at last convinces Penelope who he really is by 
 disclosing a secret in the palace, which was known only to him, and to his 
 wife, and her maid Actoris. 
 
 V. 152. t\s eiireo-Ke, as in v. 148. — to., by prolepsis, obj. of i'<rav 
 (olSa : H. 409 D, 6 ; S. Gr. 737, i), and understood as subj. of irirvKTO 
 (revyjta) : lit. they did not know these things, how they were, i. e. they did not 
 know how these things ivere. — V. 153. 'OSucrcrfja : obj. of Xovo-ev and 
 Xpio-€v. Mark the order of the sentence. The object of the verb is the 
 leading thought ; and hence stands first : the subject is an unimportant 
 person, and is thrown into the middle of the sentence. — V. 155. <j>apos, 
 XiTwva. See Die. of Antiq., pp. 850, 1171 (Pallium, Tunica). The tunic 
 was the under garment, and hence put on first ; but the <f>dpos {pallium, or 
 cloak) was more conspicuous to the eye, and hence was mentioned first, as 
 the thing first thought of by the poet. — V. 156. kcLk (= koto,. H. 73 
 D; S. Gr. 628; G. § 12, Note 3) K€cJ>aXTis : lit. down from his head; or, 
 in our idiom, from his head downward, Athena diffused, etc.: \evev, \e<a. — 
 I omit the passage in brackets. — V. 163. 4k .... pf) ... . 6p.oios ? 
 
38 NOTES. 
 
 sc. '08vcro-€vs, he went forth from the bath-tub similar inform, etc. — V. 164. 
 kcit* .... 'tttero : Ka0€£opai. — 2v0ev : relat. whence. — V. 165. ;iiv : 
 
 fem. referring to dXdxov. ~~ V- 166. AcupoviT] : the ordinary courteous 
 form of address to a lady, corresponding to our Madam, when used with 
 respectful tone and manner. — irepl, with "ywatKoiv, in the sense above or 
 beyond = more than. — o-ol-ye : note the force of "yc, restrictive and confirma- 
 tive : cannot easily be rendered into English ; our restrictive, at least, or 
 confirmative, certainly, is unwieldy, and rather oyer-translates *ye in most 
 connections. — 20i]Kav : subj. J OX- Stop- ^yovres : to you, more than to delicate 
 women, those who occupy Olympian mansions have given (lit. put), etc. — Vv. 
 168 - 17©. Cf. 100-102. — V. 171, addressed to Eurycleia. — o-rdpe- 
 <rov : (TTOpe'vvvfu. — kcu cuitos, even alone (without Penelope). — V. 172. 
 rfj-ye, dat. of possessor : 0vpds, sc. e'crriv : for surely, she has, etc. — V. 174. 
 8cupdvi€. The courteous form of address to a gentleman ; our Sir, when 
 used respectfully. Cf. Acupovb], v. 166. Such, at least, seems to me to 
 be the force of these words, so frequent in Homer. For other modes of 
 rendering, see Lex. — o{!t' .... fryapai, I am neither haughty at all, nor 
 contemptuous, nor greatly astonished. This is hardly in keeping with what 
 she had said to Telemachus, vv. 105 ff . ; but the circumstances had now 
 changed, and she had regained partially her self-possession. — V. 175. 
 olos '4r)<rQa, what you were, i. e. what your appearance was: this use of the 
 second person is a half-recognition and acknowledgment ; but, with great 
 prudence and shrewdness, she wishes to subject him to a final test. — V. 
 176. Iwv, with the subj. of <ir\a-Qa, as you went, etc. — V. 177. itukivov 
 Xc'xos, thefrm bed; spoken particularly here of the bedstead; so also in 
 v. 179. — V. 178. Iktos .... 0<xXdpov. The reason why she ordered 
 the bed to be brought out of the chamber appears presently. — V. 1 79. 
 €K0el<rcu (€kt£0t]|j.i), aor. act. particip., agrees with the subj. of epPdXeTe : 
 addressed to Eurycleia and the maid-servants who aided her : after hav- 
 ing placed for him without (the chamber), etc. — evv^v, the bed, in distinction 
 from the bedstead. — V. 180. kwco. (kwcis) kt4. : partit. appos. with 
 €vvt|v. — V. 182. ISviav (Att. elSmav : o!8a), agrees with dXoxov. — 
 V. 183. *Q, yvvcu : in Greek usage, a respectful form of address. — 
 tovto, obj.: &rros OvpaX-ys's, app. this, a heart-grieving word; freely ren- 
 dered, surely! this, which you uttered, is a heart-grieving word. — V. 184. 
 XaXeirbv . . . ci't], sc. &XXo<re 0sivai Xc'xos : it would be difficult (to put 
 my bed in another place) even for one very intelligent (emo-Tap-eva), often 
 used adjectively). — V. 185. oVe prj (observe here p/rj with the optat. 
 denoting condition. H. 835 ; S. Gr. 570 ; G. § 283, 1), unless, etc. — V. 
 186. p-q'iSuos €0€'Xwv 0€i-q : lit. wishing, should easily put (it), etc., i. e. 
 should easily , at will, put lit), etc. — V. 187. dvS- .... PpoTos : a very 
 strong expression, but not any living mortal among men, etc. «— f|p(ov : particip. 
 denoting condition: not even if he were very vigorous.' — V. 188. pe'ya 
 o-r)pa : lit. a great sign, — a secret, intended as a sign for both husband 
 and wife. What this secret sign in the curiously wrought bedstead was, is 
 explained afterwards, — WruKTai (nv\<a), there has been made, i. e. there is, 
 
ODYSSEY XXIIL 39 
 
 there lies. — V. 189. to, this, i. e. \€X°s. — Vv. 190-201 contain a 
 description of the manner in which the bedstead was made. "Its peculiar 
 structure," says Collins (Ancient Classics for English Readers, Odyssey), 
 "as detailed in Homer's verse, is by no means easy to unravel. But it is 
 formed in some cunning fashion out of the stem of an olive-tree, rooted 
 and growing, round which the hero himself had built a bridal chamber." 
 This description is here omitted. — V. 202. 7ri4>cu>o-Kop.ai : trans, make 
 plain, make known: roSe o~f][Aa, this sign, this token of recognition. — V. 203. 
 gfj/rrcSov («v, ire'Sov the ground) , firm in the. ground, agrees with Xe'xos (subj. 
 of eort). — V. 204. 0fjK€, obj. Xe'xes. — inco, with Tajiwv (tcjivo)), hence 
 the anastrophe, having cut underneath the stock of, etc. 
 
 Vv. 205-299. Penelope is convinced, and, overcome with emotion, 
 embraces her husband. Odysseus relates to her a prophecy of Teiresias 
 (the seer whom he had consulted in the under-world). The repose of the 
 night. 
 
 V. 205. T-qs, with -yovvaTa and ^\rop : avrov, adv. on the spot, imme- 
 diately ; and immediately her knees and heart trembled (Xvto, augment and 
 connecting vowel omitted, = Att. eXvero, were loosed, trembled). — V. 206. 
 dvcryvovo-Tjs (dva-yi-yvwcrKco, aor. act. paiticip.), agrees with ttjs, as she 
 clearly perceived. — rd, relat. : ir^paS' (<f>pd£a>, with reduplicated aor.): 
 which Odysseus accurately ('^nreSa, sure) rehearsed to her. — Vv. 208, 209. 
 gl|x4>C, with pdXX': 'QSva-o-Ti'i, dat. of interest, or of relation : threw her arms 
 round the neck of Odysseus. — <£kvct' : kw«'w. — V. 209. <rKv£et> = <tkv£ov : 
 <tkv£o|icu. — lirel .... ir€irw<ro (pluperf. augment omitted: irvew) since 
 you of (all) men were especially shrewd on all other occasions (rd irep &XXa). — 
 V. 211. dydo-avTO (Lex. ava|iai, II.), envied us two. — (wvovtc refers to 
 vai'iv : note the change from dat. to ace. Cf. Xa|36vTa, Xen. Anab. 1, 2, 1. 
 Lit. grudged to us, that we remaining .... enjoy (ra.pin\vai, TepTrw), etc. — 
 V. 213. \c&eo : \<ao\i.ai. — vep.eo-<ra ; v€p.6o-do. — V. 214. o-e, obj. of 
 dydinrjo-a (d"yairdft>) : a>8e, thus, as now. — V. 216. epptyet (pi-yeco) pur} tis 
 kt€., shuddered lest, etc. — dirdcJxHTO : d-rra^tcrKw = d-jra-rdo. — V. 225. 
 Ka-reXefjas : Lex. KaTaXfyto, III. — V. 226. dirw-Trei : cpda>. — V. 228. 
 Kiotio-T), with jaoI, while I was yet on my way hither. — V. 229. t^ . . . . 
 €ipvTO (Lex. cpv<o, IV.), who guarded for us, etc. — V. 230. ireiGeis kt4. : 
 connect closely in thought' with vvv 8e, v. 225. — dirTjve'a : cf. v. 97. — 
 covTa : concessive, though it is certainly very (irep) hard. Her present emo- 
 tion and self-reproach are not inconsistent with the rare dignity of charac- 
 ter which she preserves throughout. — V. 231. t«, to him, in him, with 
 v<|> 5 .... cSpcre (Lex. viropvvfu). — V. 232. 6up.ap€a : 6-up.apTJs or Qv- 
 p.dpT)s. — ISviav : cf. v. 182. — V. 233. tis 8' ore, and as when, a com- 
 mon mode of introducing an illustration in Homer. — do-irdo-s-os : pred. 
 the land appears welcome to men swimming. — V. 234. covtc, with vfja (obj. 
 of paio-r|). — V. 236. €£e'c|>v*Yov : gnomic aor. H. 707; S. Gr. 474, c; 
 G. § 205, 2. Translate by the present. —V. 237. rirpo^v (xpe^w) : 
 2 perf. intrans. has congealed. — V. 238. d<nrdo-ioi, with the subj. of 
 
40 NOTES. 
 
 eir€|3av (= €7rej37)o-av gnomic aor.), gladly they disembark on, etc. — Y. 230, 
 «S ktI., thus, etc., introduces the application of the illustration. — tt} . . . . 
 €i<ropoa; <rr], to her (Penelope) looking upon {him). — V. 240. Setpfjs Avith 
 dtf>-, and not yet from his neck did she wholly loose, etc. — V. 241. ice ... . 
 $&vq, would have appeared, etc. — V. 242e el \xi\ dp' dXX' evcrqo-e (voe'w), 
 unless .... had purposed other things. — V. 243. vtjkto., obj. of o^eQev 
 (= 2o"X£0£V = 2<rx,£v, fr. ^X. w )> s h e held the night long in the extreme (western 
 horizon), i. e. detained the night, and did not allow it to depart : 8oXlxt|V 
 is strictly a predicate adj. denoting result, so that it (the night) was long. — 
 'Ht>, obj. of piio-aTO (p{iojxai), kept back, etc. — V. 244. otjo' <ia (imperf. 
 with omitted augment, fr. ea<a), nor allowed (her) to yoke, etc. For a wood- 
 cut of the chariot of Aurora, see Die. of Antiq., p. 379. — V. 246. 
 Adp/irov (fr. Xdjxirw, to give light), 4>ae'0ovTa (the beaming, radiant one) : 
 appos. with frmro-us : mentioned only here as the steeds of Eos. — irc£Xoi, 
 appos. with olV, which, as young steeds, conduct, etc. — V. 24§. "ydp in- 
 troduces the explanation of the affectionate address, *£2 "ytsvcu : My wife! 
 (1 address thee), since not yet have we come, etc. Ameis compares with this, 
 Verg. Aen. 1, 65, Aede — namque tibi, etc. — V. 250. tov: relat. — 
 V. 251. Cf. XL 90 ff. — Vv. 254, 255. tojtev : subjunc. with short 
 mode-sign. — inro : anastrophe. — TapTri6p.60a : rep-rro), 2 aor. mid. subjunc: 
 but come, wife, let us repair to our couch, that even now, reposing in sweet sleep, 
 we may be refreshed. — V. 25 f. Tore .... oiriroTe, then when, or, as soon 
 as. — Vv. 258. 259. Note iK€o-0ai with ace. and with cs and ace; 
 both constructions in the same sentence : to reach your well-built home and 
 to arrive at your, etc. — Y. 260. 4«ppd:x0i]s (<f>pd'£&>) ktI. : note this use of 
 the aor. pass. : since you thought of it, or since you suggested it, and some god 
 put it in your mind. — Y. 261. cl'ir' (= ei/rre) d'ye, come! relate to me, etc*. 
 
 — tov deOXov, that conflict, the one alluded to vv. 249, 250. —V. 262. 
 ir€tio-op.ai (iruvGdvojAai), I shall ascertain (about it). — o/utiko, : opposed to 
 omo-0tv: immediately, on the spot. — Sc,TJ|i6vai (Lex. AAH. II.), subj. of 
 Io-ti : o-uti )(€p€i.ov, pred. : it is not worse to learn, etc. — V. 265. eTriKewro) : 
 Ittik€v0w. — Y. 266. toC (= o-ot) : ethical dat. or dat. of interest. — 
 K€ X a P 1 1 <r€T0 ' 1 : X a -P &} * — V. 26*7. €Trd .... dvwyev (dvaj-ya, as pres. ), 
 since he (Teiresias) commands (me), etc. — p-dXa iroXXd, with darea, to very 
 many cities. — Y. 268. 'iyjavra, with subj. of 4X0eiv, having in my hands, 
 etc. — Y. 2fO. dve'pes : appos. with ol'. — aXeo-cn (&\$) : in plur. grains 
 of salt. — Y. 271. <j>oivi.K07rapii]Oi)s : Lex. <f>oiviKoirdp€ios. — V. 27"2. 
 Tare (= rd re), and these, or simply, which: subj. of ireXovTCu : neut. plur. 
 with plur. verb. — V. 2f3. 'i&irtv, he (Teiresias) mentioned, etc. — k€tjo-(o 
 (sc. toSc), with two aces. — V. 2 '74. |vj43Xt||A€Voi : Lex. o-up.pdXXw, 
 II. 4. — V. 275. (fjtJTj (pres. subjunc. of 4 >T tM'S with vowel sound dupli- 
 cated) ktI., shall a firm that I have a winnowing fan, etc. — Y. 276. tea! 
 Tore : correl. with 6-snroTe k<=v (v. 274) Stj : when at length .... even then. 
 
 — p.e, subj. of djrotrrelxav, having stuck my oar in the ground, having offered 
 (epiavra: ?p8a>) . ... he bade (IxeXevev) me return, etc. — V. 278. cruwv 
 .... Kttirpov, a swine-breeding boar. The sacrifice of the three animals here 
 
ODYSSEY XXIII. 41 
 
 mentioned was called by the Eomans su-ove-taurilia. — V. 281. !£ d\os, 
 apart from, away from the sea. — ■ av-rui with p.01. — d|3- .... toios : with 
 Odvaros, death so very mild. — V. 283. Y^pa.' (= yr|pcu, dat.) viro (with 
 ■y^pa' : note the anastrophe) .... dpt]p.€Vov (agrees with jie), sinking down 
 under, etc. — V. 284. rd . . . . irdvTa : subj. of TeXei(r9ai. — <j>dro 
 (= 2<j>a,To = Att. <£$r\) ; subj. ^rv\y\ Teipco-iao. — V. 286. rtkiovcriv, 
 bring about, bring to pass. — dpciov (comparat. of dYO.0ds), better, happier (than 
 the previous time). — V. 282'. {fireira marks the apodosis, after the prot- 
 asis el p.ev .... dpeiov, if, etc., then is there hope to you that, etc. — 
 V. 289. To<j>pa, meanwhile. — rpoc}>6s, the nurse, i. e. Eurycleia. — 'ivrvov : 
 tvrvoi = kvTvvoi. — V. 290. ScuSwv (Sals) viro (anast.) \ap.iro[j.€vdcuv 
 (Xd|Air&)), under bright (lit. shining) torches. — V. 291. o-xopecrav : oropev- 
 vu|xi. — V. 292. o?kov8€, homewurd, i. e. to her apartment. — V. 293. 
 toio-iv 8e : but these (i. e. Odysseus and Penelope), with Tcyeixovevev, con- 
 ducted. — V. 294. epx- Xe'xoo-Se, as they went to their bed. — V. 296. 
 0e<rp.6v is differently explained by different editors. I am inclined to fol- 
 low Ameis, who understands it as denoting merely the idea of the place : 
 thus, they then gladly reached the place of their old bed, or, more freely ren- 
 dered, of their marriage-bed. For the other meaning of 0€<rp.6v, see Lex. — 
 V. 298. 7ravo-av, caused to cease, caused to rest. In the mid. to cease. — 
 V. 299. p-e'-yapa : plur. like (3a<ri\€ia : the apartments of the palace. 
 
 ■ Vv. 300-372. Penelope and Odysseus briefly relate to each other their 
 experiences during their long separation. On the following morning Odj^s- 
 seus instructs his wife to remain in her apartment, while he goes to visit 
 his father Laertes. 
 
 Vv. 300, 301. And these two, when now they had enjoyed (eTapirT|TTiv : 
 Te'pirw) loving friendship, were pleased with discourse, while rehearsing to one an- 
 other, etc. — V. 302. T| p.ev (sc. evc'irovcra) bVa kt!., the one, divine of 
 women, {rehearsing) whatever she had suffered, etc. — V. 303. e<ropaj<ra 
 (eo-opdw) agrees with t| \l4v. — V. 304. j!0€V (= ov fern.) el'veKa, on her 
 account — poas, p.fj\a, appos. with iroWd (obj. of &r<|>a£ov). — V. 309. 
 irdoos, like irpiv, with the intin. H. 769 ; S. Gr. 531 ; G. § 274 : nor did 
 sleep fall on her eyelids before he had recounted all. — V. 310. "Hp^aro 
 .... 8d|Aaa-' (eSdfiacrfc, Safidto), He began {to recount) how, etc. — Vv. 
 310-313, the contents of Book IX. ; vv. 314-321, of B. X; w. 322- 
 325, of B. XL; vv. 326-332, of B. XII. ; vv. 333-341, of Books V.- 
 VIII., and the beginning of B. XIII. — V. 312. ep|e : epSw. — direi-i- 
 o-aro, subj. 'OSvercrevs. Note the force of the mid., and of dir- : how he 
 obtained, infill (dir-), recompense for, etc.: oi)s (K/ukX.w\J/) ^o-Oiev ktc. — 
 V. 315. iri p/jr' = 2i7€p/7r€, sent (him on his way). — ovhi ttco ato-a .... 
 f\r\v (= r\v), but it ivas not yet his lot to, etc. — V. 3 If. \izyd\a, adv. — 
 o-TevdxovTa agrees with juv, the obj. of dvctpTrriijao-a (dvapira£co) and of 
 <|>6pev. — V. 319. ol' relates to T^Xe'irvXov as collective noun: and how 
 he reached the Laestrygonian Telepylus, whose inhabitants destroyed, etc. — 
 Omit the verse in brackets. — V. 322. 'AtSew : Lex. "AiStjs. H. 136 D, 
 
42 NOTES. 
 
 2 ; S. Gr. 638, b ; G. § 39, Gen. Sing. — V. 323. xp*l°-d|i€ves : Lex. 
 Xpdft) (B), A. III. to consult. — V. 324. vr\t : dat. of accompaniment 
 with -fjXvGov : and how he went, with his many-benched ship, into, etc. — 
 Y. 326. dSivdwv (dSivos) : Am. & Diintz. write dSivdwv : some say 
 clear and loud-toned; others, sweet-toned; Ameis, alluring and detaining by 
 their song (anhaltend singenden). Perhaps all these ideas may belong to 
 the word. — V. 327. nXcryKTas virpas : the rocks Plancktae, or, as often 
 rendered, the wandering rocks : usu. derived from irXd^oo, to cause to wander, 
 or the mid.- irXd£opai, to wander: either because they themselves were 
 supposed to move, like the Symphlegades, mentioned in -the Argonautic 
 exp< dition, or because, by the currents and whirlpools near them, they 
 caused ships to wander from their course and to founder. — V. 328. 
 dKYjpiot (a priv. KTjp, not Kfjp) .... &Xv|av (oXvo-kw), had escaped un- 
 harmed. — V. 331. dirb .... &f>0i9€v (Lex. d7ro<p0lva>) : ending cv = 
 Tjo-av : 1 aor. pass. — V. 332. vtto .... &Xu£ev ({iiraXi5o-Kw). Note 
 the force of tnro, under, a little, barely ; while he himself barely escaped, etc. — 
 Y. 333. KaXv\|/to : declined like Tm0<6. H. 193 ; S. Gr. 105 ; G. § 55. 
 i]Xw. — Vv. 333-335. Cf. 1 : 14, 15. — &pao-K€v ©rjcrav, affirmed that 
 she would make (him), etc. — V. 339. irtpt : Ameis regards this as adv.: 
 Crusius writes ire'pi, adv. : Faesi & Diintz. take it as a prep, with Kijpi. In 
 either case, the general sense is the same : who honored him very heartily : 
 «s; why accented? H. 104, a; S. Gr. 64 ; G. § 29, Note. — V. 343. 
 €iropou(T€ : liropova). — V. 344. 'H 8' . . . . 'A0t|vti : H. 500, d ; S. Gr. 
 353, c. — &XX* = dXXa, or dXXo, obj. of kvor\<re : cf. 242. — V. 345. 
 'OSvcrfja : subj. of Tap-irripevax (Te'pirw). — le'XireTO (^Xttw, Att. eXuita)) ov 
 Kcn-d 0vp6v, hoped (or, as often rendered, believed) in her heart. — V. 346. 
 €uvfjs with Tapinfjpevai : dXox° 10 limits evvfjs : lit. the bed of his wife ; more 
 freely rendered, was refreshed with rest near by his wife, and also with sleep. 
 — V. 348. IV .... <J>e'poi : subj. Tjpi-ye'veia. — V. 349. IttI . . . . 
 frreXXcv : ImTcXXa). — V. 350. iroXe'tov differs how in meaning from iro- 
 Xecov ? — KCKopTjp.eG' : Kope'vvvpi. — V. 351. dp.<J>0T€pw with the subj. of 
 K€KopT|fJie0\ — <rv jjl6V : partit. appos. with subj. of xeicop- : we both have had 
 our fi '11, you, etc. — epbv .... K.\alov<ra, in weeping for my return attended 
 with many a care. — V. 352. avrdp cpe ktI. : a change of const. We 
 should expect here, correl. with <rv pe'v, avTap lyd>, or e-yw 84. — V. 353. 
 •jreSdao-Kov (ircSdw) : vowel sound duplicated : iterative ending : detained 
 with woes, away from my fatherland, when I was hastening [towards it). — 
 "V. 355. KT^para, obj. of Kopi^epev (= Kcpl£€iv), inf. as imperat. second 
 pers. H. 784 ; S. Gr. 534 ; G. § 269, do you take care of, etc. — rd, rela- 
 tive : poi dat. of possess, with &tti. — V. 356. pfjXa : obj. of Xi]t<ro-o- 
 pal (Xt] t£opcu) I myself will restore (to myself) by plunder. — pot : dat. of 
 interest with KareVeipav (KaTaKetpw). — V. 357. iroXXd with p-qXa : 
 emphat. posit. — V. 358. evi/irX-fjo-oHriv : €piriTrXT)pi. — V. 360. 6 = 
 8s. H. 243 D; S. Gr. 682. — d^x^ca : L. & Sc. "AXft. — V. 361. 
 ra$€, these things, namely, that which follows in vv. 364, 365. — Vv. 362, 
 363. <pdns .... dv8- pvrjo-Tifjpcov (object, gen.), a report .... re- 
 
HERODOTUS VIII. 43 
 
 specting the suitors. — etcriv : so in Eng. a similar metaphor, will go abroad, 
 will go forth. — £kt<xvov : Krdvto. — Vv. 364, 365. els iiircpw' dva.j3a.cra 
 . . . . ijcrSai (infill, as imperat.), do you, going into an upper apartment, 
 sit still, remain. — irpoTiocrcreo : Lex. irpoTid<ro-op.ai (irpds, 6crcrop.ai). — 
 V. 366. eSvcrcTo (Sva> : 1 aor. with connecting vowel c), put on. — 
 V. 368. TrctVTas : obj. of dvco-yev : 4'vTca .... 'Aprj'ia obj. of eX.e<r0cu. 
 They armed themselves in anticipation of a possible conflict with the 
 friends of the suitors. — V. S'S'O. co'iijav : oi'-yvvju. — V. 371. €ir£ with 
 ace. denoting extent over. 
 
 BOOK XXIV. — Hermes conducts the Souls of the Suitors to the 
 Under- world. Odysseus visits his Father Laertes and becomes 
 known to him. The Friends of the Suitors, revolting, are sub- 
 dued; and with the Aid of Athena a lasting Peace is made be- 
 tween Odysseus and his Subjects. With this the Odyssey ends. 
 
 NOTES ON HEBODOTUS. 
 
 For the life and writings of Herodotus, see Classical Dictionary. 
 For the historical connections of the narrative, see Smith's History, 
 Chapters XYI. and XVII., or, still better, G-rote's History, begin- 
 ning with the Ionic Revolt. < 
 
 The language of Herodotus is sometimes called the New Ionic, in 
 distinction from that of Homer, which is called Old Ionic. Its prin- 
 cipal peculiarities will be noted. as they occur. 
 
 BOOK VIIT. — Urania. 
 
 Herodotus named the nine books of his history from the nine muses, in 
 the order, Clio, Euterpe, Thalia, Melpomene, Terpsichore, Erato, Polym- 
 nia, Urania, Calliope. The name of this book, Urania (fr. ovpdvios adj., 
 ovpavos subst.), signifies the celestial one. 
 
 Chaps. 40-95. Invasion of Attica and battle of Salamis. (See plan 
 of the battle at the end of the volume.) 
 
 Chap. 40. The Greek fleet, which had been engaged in the battles of 
 Artemisium, reach Salamis. — Ko.ri<r\&. xds ve'as (= Att. vavs. H. 189 D ; 
 S. Gr. 666 ; G. § 54) : steers the ships : ko,t&, spoken regularly of direction 
 towards the coast from either sea or land. — •uTrefja/yd'YwvTai. (vtto denoting 
 secrecy, ck out of, a/ya> to lead, convey) : subjunc. after a past tense. H. 740 ; 
 S. Gr. 508 ; G. § 216, 1, 2. — irpbs 8e : adv., and besides. H. 615 ; S. Gr. 
 449 ; G. § 191, Note 2. — to : note carefully this use of the article as a 
 relat. pron. H. 243 D ; S. Gr. 682 ; G. § 140, Note 4. — avToi<ri : H. 
 
44 NOTES. 
 
 140 D, b ; S. Gr. 646 ; G. § 44 : dat. of the agent with the verbal in tIos : 
 what shall be done on their part, what they shall do : an indirect question with the 
 relat. to, st. 8 ti. — €irl .... 7rp-rj*y|Aao-i (= Trpd-yp.-, H. 24 D, a ; S. Gr. 
 605 ; G. § 30) : B. renders this, ob praesentem rerum statum ; more lit. on the 
 circumstances that had arisen (or that had come in; KcnfJK-, kgGtjkg), H. 72 
 D ; S. Gr. 627 ; G. § 17, Note). — PovXtjv .... -n-oiTjo-eo-eai, to form a 
 plan, to deliberate. Note here the fat. infin. with jacXXco. — SoKe'ovTes. 
 Note the use of un contracted forms in Herod, as in Hom. H. 32 D ; S. 
 Gr. 614; G. § 124, 2. — {nroKO.Ti}p.€vovs (wo, Ka0T]|Aai), awaiting. — twv 
 jxev .... tov (= Att. 6v, particip.j, of these things, they found nothing exist- 
 ing. — ot 8e, but they, the Athenians : same as the subj. of the preceding 
 sentence. — cuitovs, i. e. the Peloponnesians : Teix^ovTas, supplementary 
 particip. H. 796 ff ; S. Gr. 545 if; G. § 279 : that they were fortifying \ etc. 
 
 — T-rjv IleX-, suhj. of irepiavou (-rrepl, eip.1). — iroi€t>p.svovs = Troiovjievous. 
 H. 32 D, f; S. Gr. 615 ; G. § 124, 2. — ^'xovras, same const, w. iroisup.- : 
 both making it of the highest importance that . ... and keeping this, etc. — to. 
 &XXa dme'vai (= dcjkevcu : cf. KaTrJKOvcri above and note) : tliat they were 
 abandoning everything else: depends on eiruv0dvovTo. We should expect 
 here, as the regular construction, the ace. and particip. (dmeVrcis), like 
 avrovs T€ixe'ovTas, instead of ace. and infin. — ovtg> 8tj : note the use of 
 these words, giving emphasis to the following verb. — o-fyioiv (enclit. here, 
 but not in Att.) = <r4><3v : an indirect reflexive in Att. H. 668 ; S. G. 133, 
 a ; G. § 144, 2. What word would an Attic writer use here ? — o-xeiv (e'x ^ 
 same sense as KVLTiwyjzi above, to steer. 
 
 Chap. 41. Athenians send away their families. — t^v : H. 509, b ; S. 
 Gr. 359, b ; G. § 141, Note 4. — eavrvv (<av, a diphthong. H. 11, R. b ; 
 S. Gr. 601 ; G. § 3) = Icunw. ■ — 5 A0T]vai&)v, sc. nvd, subj. of criaX^iv : Trj, 
 cf. note on to, ch. 40, = $, that (any one) of the Ath., as he is able, save, etc. 
 
 — €v0atiTa, Att. €VTav0a. H. 66 D ; S. Gr. 602, a. — direa-reiXav (d-rro- 
 o-T6XX<s>), sc. to, TeKva kt4. — {i;7€tc0eV0ai : cf. vire^aydyiavrai, ch. 40. — 
 TW xpiq(rrr\pi(a .... virnpeTeeiv, both wishing to comply with the oracle, and, 
 etc. The responses of the oracle are given in Book VII. ch. 140, and ch. 
 141. They are translated in Grote's Hist., ch. xxxix. The latter oracle 
 afforded some hope in the expression, "Zeus grants to Athene that the 
 wooden wall alone shall remain unconquered, to defend you and your chil- 
 dren, when everything else in the land of Kekrops shall be taken." They 
 interpreted this "wooden wall" to mean their navy. — ovk (H. 72 D ; S. 
 Gr. 602, a ; G. § 17, 1, Note) ^Kurra : litotes, i. e. a negative form of ex- 
 pression used for emphasis : not least = chiefly, especially. — <j>^ aKOV — -A-tt. 
 <jn)XaKO, : appos. with 6<jnv [liyav. — iv t&> lp«p (= Att. Upw) : in the temple ; 
 i. e. of Athena Polias, thought to have been the middle part of the Erech- 
 theum, and to have contained the ancient olive-wood statue of the god- 
 dess, the Palladium, which fell down from heaven. — Kal .... irpoTi0€v- 
 T€S, and in fact they even offer (sacrifices to it) placing before (it), as if existing, 
 monthly offerings of food. <h$ Iovtl shows that Herod, withholds the expres- 
 sion of any opinion as to the actual existence of the serpent. — 0-qp.Tivdo-rjS 
 
HERODOTUS VIII. 45 
 
 (onjfuiiVG)) .... Upehjs : gen. abs. : and when the priestess, etc., i. e. the 
 priestess of the Erechtheum. — (itiXXdv ti . . . . Kal irpoG-ufjtoTepov : adv. with 
 c^Xnrov : somewhat more, even more readily, i. e. as we might say, so much 
 the more readily. — ws with particip. dTroXeXoiirviris (dTroXeiirw), as if, on the 
 ground that, etc. — <r$L (H. 233 D ; S. Gr. 678 ; G. § 79, Note 2) ; dat. of 
 agent. H. 600 ; S. Gr. 435 ; G. § 188, 3. — {.ire^Ke'eTo (Att. W;€K€ito, ft. 
 vird, 4k, KeifJtat) : used as pluperf. pass, of inreKTiCeo-0ai : had been conveyed 
 away: vir- suggests the idea, secretly, stealthily; but these English words 
 are too unwieldy, and hence over-translate the little word vir-. 
 
 Chap. 42. Assembling of the Greek allied forces. — o-we'ppee (Lex. <rvp- 
 pe«) : contraction omitted, as usual in Horn, and Herod. — o-vveXe'xGirio-av 
 (o-vXXe-ya)) : observe here the 1st aor. pass., as in Horn. In Att. prose, 
 usu. the 2d aor. <rvveXeyriv. — irXevves, Att. irXeoves, irXdoves, or irXeiovs : 
 irXevvcov, Att. TrXedvcov or irXeidvwv. Notice also the Ionic declens. of iro- 
 Xiwv, Att. irdXecuv. — lirfjv (€-ir€i|ii), there was over (them) as admiral, etc.: 
 gwtos = 6 avros. 
 
 Chaps. 43 -48. An enumeration of the Grecian forces. Herod, gives 
 378 as the whole number of ships, besides penteconters. 
 
 Chap. 49. Council of war. — irpoGevros .... povXdfxevov, Eurybiades 
 having proposed that the one wishing, etc. , or more freely, on a proposal from 
 Eurybiades that any one who desired, etc. — Skgv, Att. Bttov. — row : relat. 
 depending on €"yKpa/re€s. — x a) P €wv (Att. yoipoiv) : anteced. in relat. clause : 
 in which of those places (lit. ichere of the places), of which they were themselves 
 masters, it seemed, etc. — direiTO : A.tt. d^>elTO (d$>Lr\\ii). — Xoiirewv : gen. 
 plur. fern. sc. \wpecov : H. 26 D ; S. Gr. 641 ; G. § 39. — uepi (anastrophe) 
 governs the word preceding it. — irporiGee, sc. EvpvPidS-qs : proposed (a de- 
 liberation). — irXioo-avTas agrees with the subj. of vavpaxeav, concurred (in 
 this) that they having sailed, etc. — eiriXt'-yovTes. We should expect here the 
 gen. agreeing with tcSv Xe-ydvrwv. The const, now stands as though the 
 sentence had begun ot 8e Xe'-yovres irXeicrroi e'-yvcoo-av. Eender, alleging the 
 following reason, that, etc. — I'va : adv. of place, where, etc. — d£oto-ovTCH 
 (€K<j>€p«) is view T ed as pass, in meaning ; so also iroXi.opKT|aovTai above. 
 The force of a»s, with the condition immediately after it, extends through 
 the sentence. 
 
 Chap. 50. The news is brought that the Persians have reached Athens. 
 — tcSv .... ImXe-y- : gen. abs. denoting time, while, etc. — !XtiXij0€€ {'4p- 
 Xojxat) : pluperf. — tjkciv : pres. in form, always perf. in meaning. H. 698; 
 S. Gr. 475, a ; G. § 200, Note 3. — TrvpiroX€€o-0ai. : pres., continued action. 
 ![nrpT|cras : €|rrr£irpi][ii. — avTaiv eKXeX-: when they themselves (i. e. the Thes- 
 pians) had, etc. — ckXcX- Is ireX- : brachylogy : H. 881 ; had evacuated it 
 (and gone), etc. — ^Ke : imperf. as pluperf. had come. — iravra €K€iva : lit. 
 all those things = everything there. — cuk €[at|8i£ov. The Thespians had fought 
 with Leonidas at Thermopylae ; the Plataeans, with Miltiades at Marathon, 
 and with Eurybiades at Artemisium. 
 
 Chaps. 51-53. Time of the march from the Hellespont. The acrop- 
 olis besieged and taken. 
 
46 NOTES. 
 
 Chap. 51. avTov : adv. — tu> : relat. — iv Tpwrl .... p/rjo-t, in three 
 other months, i. e. other than the month spent at the Hellespont. It was 
 now September, 480 b. c. — 'A0Tjvaioio-i : dat. depending on dpxovTos as 
 particip. Cf. Thucyd. 1 : 93. ' A0t]vcuois ^p^v. Two other instances 
 of this same const, with &px w occur in Thucyd. Usually we find ev 'AGtj- 
 vais or'A0TiVT|<riv. We may render it freely, when Calliades was archon of the 
 Athenians. For the constitution of the archons, see Die. Antiq., or Smith's 
 Hist. ch. x. — to &<TTv : the city, apparently here in distinction from the 
 acropolis. So used often. See Lex. irdXis. — cv tw Ipw : i. e. in the Erech- 
 theum (or that part of it called ' A0t|vti IloXids) on the acropolis. — Gvp-rjo-i : 
 Lex. 0vpa, III. — Notice here apa psv .... irpbs 8e, as correlatives : at 
 the same time .... but besides ; or, more freely, partly . ... but besides. 
 
 — aviTol 8oKeovT€S, thinking that they themselves, or that they alone, etc. — to 
 £vX- .... £o-€o-0cu : explanatory of pavTTJ'iov. — Kal avTb 8^j ktI. depends 
 on Sokc'ovtcs : and that this itself was, etc. 
 
 Chap. 52. The learner should refer to his classical atlas, Plan of Athens. 
 
 — tov, before 'AGuvcuoi, relat. — 'Aprjiov iro/yov : may be rendered either 
 Areopagus or Mars' Hill. — 8kws (Att. oirtos) .... cuj/eiav (aura)) : in- 
 definite frequency of past action. H. 729, b; S. Gr. 498, fine print; G. 
 § 233. — dm-ypevot : Att. dtpi-y- fr. dtpiKveopai. — kou connects here two 
 participial clauses in different cases. — tov eppdy- irpoSeS- : concessive : 
 though their wooden rampart had failed (them) : lit. had betrayed (them). — 
 dvT€p.T]xa,v€ovTO : dvTip.rixavdop.ai. H. 370 D, a ; S. Gr. 713, b ; G. § 124, 
 1. — Kal 8^ Kal : and indeed even. — a7rUo-av : d<j>li]pi. — diroptT)o-i (note 
 the omission of the v movable in Herod. H. 78 D ; S. Gr. 629 ;* G. § 30, 
 3) ev€'xeo-0ai, was kept in perplexity, lit. in perplexities. 
 
 Chap. 53. XP° VC P> ^t. in time, or, as we might say, at length. — dirdpwv : 
 fr. airopa (t&), adj. as subst. = d-n-opiai. — Notice here tIs before its subst. 
 
 — &ro8os, i. e. to the acropolis. — (3apPdpoio-i with ecpdvt]. — &>€€, Att. 
 'i&ei, fr. Set. — gp.irpoo-0€ .... irpd : pleonasm for emphasis ; we may ren- 
 der it, right in front : <ov, Att. o£v. By the front is meant the north side 
 of the acropolis. The ascent and the gates (the Propylaea) were at the 
 western end. — 6mo-0€, in the rear of, behind. — ttj 8f) . . . . TavTTj : just 
 where .... there. — av ijXiria-g (eXm£w) : H. 746*; 752 ; S. Gr. 514' ; 520, 
 b ; G. § 222 ; 226, 2 : ^Xmcre here implies so much of fear, that, like a 
 verb of fearing, it is followed by p/rj, would have apprehended that. — Kam 
 TavTa : KaTa in a local sense. So also before to Ipdv : by these (places), or 
 by this way .... near the sanctuary of Aglaurus, daughter of, etc. — KaTa 
 .... kcitw : pleonasm for emphasis : lit. down the wall downward ; or, as 
 we should say, down the wall headlong. — to pe'-yapov, called also aSvTOv, the 
 inner sanctuary (of the temple of Athena Polias, where was the statue of the 
 goddess). — rds iriXas, the gates, i. e. of the temple. 
 
 Chaps. 54, 55. Xerxes sends a despatch to Artabanus. The sacred 
 olive on the acropolis sends forth a shoot. 
 
 Chap. 54. 'ApTaf3dvw (dat. with d-yveXeovTa). Artabanus, the uncle of 
 Xerxes, left at home as regent. — Iwvtw 8e iiropevovs (agrees with <pvyd8as): 
 
HERODOTUS VIII. 47 
 
 a necessary qualification, as there were very many Athenian exiles not fol- 
 lowing him. — dvapdvTas agrees with the ohj. (understood) of liceXeue. — 
 ivvtrviov : perhaps partitive gen. with 6\{/iv : a certain vision in a dream. 
 
 — €^T€ Kal evGvfuov ktI. : or even remorse came to him. — epirpTjo-avTi and 
 I8wv may be viewed as causal : because lie had seen .... because he had set 
 fire to. 
 
 Chap. 55. Tov, interrog. — dKpoirdXi : H. 186 D ; S. Gr. 660 ; G. 
 § 59, 2. — 'Epex^'os (gen.) .... vtjos (Att. vads) : a temple of Erechtheus 
 called (lit. said to be) the earth-born. The name Erechtheum, or temple of 
 Erechtheus, often denotes the entire structure, which contained three cellae 
 (peyapa) ; one — probably the western — called the Pandroseum, contain- 
 ing the olive-tree (eXain]) and the sea (0dXa<r<ra), often rendered, salt spring, 
 or salt well: another — the middle cella — called the temple of Athena Po- 
 lias, alluded to in chap. 53 ; and a third — probably the eastern — called 
 specially the temple of Erechtheus, and containing the altars of Hephaestus, 
 of Poseidon Erechtheus, and of Butes (brother of Erechtheus). For a de- 
 scription and view of this temple (restored) see Smith's Hist., ch. 34. — 
 «v to» . . . . ^vi (= £v€Ctti), in which there is, etc. — t&: relat. obj. of 0€<r0aw 
 
 — Xd-yos, sc. ivrC : lit. there is a report from, etc. : more freely rendered, 
 it is reported by, etc. — irepl .... \o>pr\S, for the possession of the country, 
 i. e. Attica: papi-vpia, appos. with rd, as testimonies; or, as P. renders it, 
 witnesses, i. e. of the contest. This contest of Poseidon and Athena for 
 the possession of Attica formed the subject of the celebrated group of 
 bas-reliefs, executed by Phidias, and placed in the western pediment of 
 the Parthenon, but stolen .by Lord Elgin, and set up in the British Mu- 
 seum. — Karc'XaPe : impers., it happened, came to pass. — copeov (opcuo) : 
 Att. ewpwv. — 6(tov re, as much as: re here, as in the Epic use. H. 856 ; 
 S. Gr. 583, b ; G. § 151, Note 4. — dva8e8pap.T]KdTa ^dvaTpe'xw) : having 
 sprung up. 
 
 Chap. 56. The Greeks at Salamis prepare to Avithdraw. — &r\e : intrans. 
 had themselves, were. — gpcvov here with ace. and infin. : did not even wait for 
 the business before [them) to be finished ; lit. that the business, etc. — diroGeuo-d- 
 p.evot : diroQiti). — roi<ri re . . . . avrutv : dat. of agent with eKupc60T] : by, 
 or on the part of those, etc., it was determined, etc. — c'-yiveTo: notice here 
 ■yLvop,ai : usu. in Att. "yi-yvop-ai. — Kal ol : H. 525, b ; S. Gr. 375, b ; G. 
 § 151, Note 3. 
 
 Chaps. 57, 58. Themistocles persuades Eurybiades to call another 
 council. — MvTj<rC<j>iXos : a man from the same Attic deme with Themis- 
 tocles, somewhat older, said to have exerted much influence in forming the 
 character of Them. — o-uS£ rapt |xifjs is more emphatic than irepl ov8€(xif]s 
 (the reading of most editors) : not even for any country hereafter will you fight. 
 Notice the emphatic repetition of the negative ov . . . . oiSe. — irdXis: 
 H. 186 D ; S. Gr. 660 ; G. § 59, 2. — |if| oi : H. 847 ; S. Gr. 573 ; G. 
 §283, 7. — SuxcrKcSacrOfjvai : 8iacrK€8dvvvjxi. — Stayeai (Siax^'w^ : aor. act. 
 infin. to annul. — dva-yvwo-at : Lex. dva-yi-yvwo-Kco, II. — Chap. 58. o-vp.- 
 p.i£ai with ace. H. 544, a ; S. Gr. 390, a ; G. § 158, Note 2 : to confer 
 
48 NOTES. 
 
 with him on some public business. - — ewvrov •jroiaip.evos : making (them, i. e. 
 the statements of Mnesiphilus) his own. — 4s 6, until. — dvc'-yvwo-e (cf. dva- 
 ■yvwo-ai above) Xpiit^wv, he prevailed on (him) by entreaty. 
 
 Chap. 59. Address of Themistocles : opposed by Adimantus. — tov 
 X070V twv €l'veK€v : lit. the reason of (those things) on account of which ; briefly, 
 the reason why. — iroXXbs . . . . «v toio-j, Xo-yoicri : frequent in his arguments. 
 
 — ota with particip. H. 795, d ; S. Gr. 540, c ; G. § 277, 6, Note 2 : 
 because he was very urgent. — 6 'Okijtqv, the (son) of etc. — ol Trpoc^avio-rd- 
 jxevoi (irpd, e£, dvd, 1'o-rrjp.i) : those who start before (the signal is given). 
 Them, had begun to talk before the business of the council was proposed 
 by the commander-in-chief. — diroXv6p.evos, excusing himself. — o-Te<f>a- 
 vei/VTai (o-T€<j>avdw). Notice the unusual form of contraction. H. 370 D, 
 f ; S. Gr. 718 ; G. § 124, 3. 
 
 Chap. 6®. Address of Them, continued through chaps. 61 and 62. 
 
 — Totc jie'v : the antithesis occurs below in chap. 61, tqtc 8tj. — dp.€t\j/aro 
 ( d|ia(3o}icu,) : note the frequent omission of the temporal augment in Herod. 
 H. 309 D ; S. Gr. 687 ; G. § 122. — «s . • . . SiaSpT|<rovTai (8ia8i8pdo-Ka)) : 
 explains the preceding clause, that when. etc. — oijSe va with Kocrp.ov (not 
 with Kcn-rj-y-, which takes the gen. of a pers.) : lit. it did not bring to him 
 any honor, etc., i. e. it was not becoming in him to make accusation. 6 Se . . . . 
 tl'xeTo, but he adhered to, or, as we often say, adopted, etc. — 5 Ev <rol (ortho- 
 tone) : emphat. posit. On you it now depends, etc. Miltiades, before the 
 battle of Marathon, is represented as addressing the same words to the 
 Polemarch Callimachus. — dva^et^Tjs .... to,s veas. Lex. dva^eiJ'yvvju. 
 
 — dvTiGes (dvrl, Ge's, fr. tiGtjjjlO .... aKoii<ras : hearing, compare, etc., or, as 
 we oftener say, hear and compare each (opinion), or each (plan). — crujxpdX- 
 Xwv : Lex. 0-^p.pdXXcD, II. — dvaTreirTap.€va) : dvaireTavvvfxi. — to: relat. 
 which is least prof table to us, etc. If, as in most editions, we read e's before 
 to, then we must supply an infin. or particip. denoting motion ; perhaps 
 dvdyova-i ; going away to which is, etc. — toSto Se : and this, or furthermore. 
 
 — avTwv .... o-<j>€c.s : the Persians. — Chap. 60, II. tci, relat. the things 
 which, or simply, what. — iv avrolcri refers to tci : the following (points) in 
 them, i. e. in what I propose. — tci oIkoto. (Lex. cikos), those things which are 
 likely, the probabilities : €k(Bcuvt|, go out from, result. — irpos v t \i.ioiv, in our fa- 
 vor ; 7rpbs tKeivoiv, in their favor. — irept-yLveTai, is preserved: is ttjv, relat. : 
 {nr€KK€€Tai (vtto, ck, Keifjuxi), subj. T€Kva, "yvvaiKes. H. 511, h. ; S. Gr. 
 361, h ; G. § 135, Note 1, have been conveyed, implies motion : hence with 
 es and ace. — ko.1 p.ev =p.TjV, H. 852, 13 ; S. Gr. 580, m. — xal tq8« .... 
 4'vecTTt : lit. this also is in them (i. e. to. iyot Xiyw, in my statements). — tov 
 koA ir€piexe°"0e : H. 574, b ; S. Gr. 417, d ; G. §§ 170, 171 : to which you 
 also cling especially ; or, more freely, ivhich is also a matter of so much impor- 
 tance to you. — 6|aouos .... ko.1. Note the use of kcu after oficios, t'o-os, 
 6 aires, like as, just as, same as. Here, in like manner as. — p-e'vwv, cond. 
 and if you remain here. — irpbs ru> 'Icr- : close by, etc. — o-cfxr'as : the Per- 
 sians. — III. tci: (the things) which, or simply what. — diriao-i (dird, etjxt) : 
 fut. — Koa-p,a> : order : dat. of manner. — Mrydpoio-i denotes the respect 
 
HERODOTUS VIII. 49 
 
 in which KepSave'opev (KepSaCvw) is true : irepuoxxri, cf. irepi-yfveTCU above : 
 lit. and we shall gain in Megara being preserved: Al-yivt], 2a.Xap.ivi, sc. 
 •n-epieovo-Tj. — e'v % in which, where. — -yeveVSai : subj. of eVrl : lit. the becom- 
 ing superior to our enemies is even announced to us by an oracle. The oracle 
 here referred to is given in Book VII., eh. 141. — oIkotcl may be viewed 
 as obj. of povXeuop-, or as subj. of e9e'Xei ; with whichever word it is taken, 
 it must be understood with the other. Now things which are reasonable are, 
 in general, wont to happen to men who determine on {what is reasonable). — ouk 
 .... ov8e : neg. repeated and strengthened : for men who determine on what 
 mag not be reasonable, not even the Deity is wont, etc. Note carefully the use 
 of ICeXei here. — irpoo-xwpeW irpds : Lex. irpoor^wpeco, II., 2. 
 
 Chap. 61. eTretpepe-ro, se. es ©epto-TOKXe'a. KeXevwv, sc. o.vtov, biddinq 
 (him), a man to ivhom, etc. — emijrqtpi^eiv o/jtoXi dvSpi is rendered in two 
 different ways, to put the vote (to the council) for, etc., to put the vote to a 
 man without a city The latter rendering is, I think, to be preferred. So 
 Abicht and Stein. — ovtcj : explanatory of iroXiv .... irapexopevov, show- 
 ing a city, thus to declare (lit. to contribute), etc. A very taunting and cruel 
 remark. — ot, against him. — T|XwKe<rav : dXio-Kcpai. — tot* 8rj : cf. totc 
 p.ev, ch. 60. — gXe-ye : often as here with ace. of a person and of a thing. 
 H. 553 ; S. Gr. 398 ; G. § 165. — Iwutouti : dat. of possessor with &r\ : 
 lit. that there was to themselves (to Them, and his fellow-citizens). — €Ke£- 
 voici : the Corinthians. — '4<rr' (= 'icrrt) &v . . . . ewo-i (Att. wo-i), as long 
 as, etc. — ovSapotis subj., aiuTOTJs obj. of diroKpovo-ea-Oai, that none .... 
 would repel them in making an attack. 
 
 Chap. 62. Siepaive es : lit. he went over to, or, as we say, he turned to. 
 — eireo-Tpappeva (em, crpe'cfxj)) : lit. turned, or drawn upon : in a metaphor- 
 ical sense, earnest, emphatic. — Hv (emphat. posit. ) cl . . . . d*ya06s is a 
 protasis, the apodosis being omitted: supply, it will be well. H. 753, a; 
 S. Gr. 520, c, d ; G. § 226, Note. — to irav . . . . tov ttoX- : lit. the whole 
 of the war, i. e. as Grote renders, ail our means of war: <f>6pov<ri, bear, carry 
 (often rendered, contain). — &s e^opey (intrans. ), as we have ourselves, as we 
 are (implies, without delay). — tovs oIkc'tcis, obj. both of dvaXapdvTgs and 
 of Kop.ie-up.e0a (Kopt£a>) t^v 4v 'iTaXlrj. This description is added, be- 
 cause there was another city Siris in Paeonia, mentioned by Herod., ch. 
 115. — kqI .... avTTJv : we should expect here ko.1 -nrjv (= i\v), but the 
 change from a relat. to a demonst. or pers. pron. is quite in accordance 
 with the manner of Herod., and which, the prophecies say, must, etc. 
 
 Chap. 63. Soxe'eiv : H. 772 ; S. Gr. 532 ; G. § 268. — tous 'A^valous : 
 by anticipation, obj. of dppwS-, instead of subj. of diroXi7rfc)o-i. H. 726 ; 
 S. Gr. 495 ; lit. having especially feared the Athenians that they, etc. ; more 
 freely, fearing greatly that the Athenians, etc. — o-4>e'as, them, the rest of the 
 Greeks, apart from the Ath. — pe'vovTas agrees with the subj. of Siavavp.-, 
 sc. avTovs, that they (i. e. all the Grecian forces now present), etc. 
 
 Chap. 64. An earthquake. — eTretre (eiret tc : a remnant of the Epic 
 use of re), not to be confounded with e'-n-eiTa. — 0-up.p.dx.ovs : appos., to in- 
 voke the Aeacidae as allies. See Class. Die. Aeacus, — Note here «s . . . . 
 4 
 
50 NOTES. 
 
 Kat, correl. : and as ... . they also did (or as imperf. proceeded to do), etc. — 
 avToGev, on the spot, forthwith: connect with what follows. 
 
 Chap. 65. A supernatural appearance to Dicaeus. — tux^v tote cwv 
 dpa ktI. depends on &j>t] : the tnfin. has here the same subj. as the princi- 
 pal verb, and hence the predicate word Iwv is in the nom., affirming that 
 he happened to be in company with, etc. — ev tu> @pi- ireS- : in the Thriasian 
 plain, the eastern part of the Eieusinian plain. — ISeiv : hear in mind &pTj 
 to the end of ch. 65 ; and that he saw, etc. — pdXio-Td kt) (Att. ir^ enclit., 
 written also without iota subs, jctfj, Att. tttj) : about, or as we often say, 
 somewhere about. — o-cplas (Dicaeus and Demaratus) subj. of aTroGwp- : tov 
 kov-, obj. — Srecov (Att. covtivcov or 8tcov) .... dv0- :' pred. gen. with 
 €trj : lit. of what men ever it (the cloud) was: i. e. by what men it was raised. 
 
 — irpoKare (= TrpoKa tc), suddenly. — ol, to him, Dicaeus. — tatcxov : used 
 here as comm. noun, denoting the shout or song in honor of Bacchus. — tov 
 A-qp-dp-^Tov, subj. of elvai. — avrbs 8e ei-rrcu : bear in mind &pt] above. 
 Of the two aorists etira and ctirov, Herod, oftener uses the 1st (as here 
 ctircu, infin.) ; Attic writers, the 2d. — ovk '4<tti Skids ov . . . . &ttcu : two 
 negatives with two different verbs, it is not possible that there will not be, etc. 
 
 — Iprjpou kt€.: gen. abs., causal : since, etc. — lov (etpi) : particip. agree- 
 ing with to cpOeyydpevov. — ko,tc.o-ktpJ/t] : as subj., one readily supplies 
 from the foregoing, the combined idea of KoviopTos and to fyQeyyopevov, 
 the cloud of dust with the sound of voices proceeding from it. — ttj JYTnTpi 
 Kat ttj Kovp-rj, to the Mother and the Daughter, i. e. to Demeter and Proser- 
 pina (or Persephone). — cunw t€ . . . . koA tiov dX- 'EX- : both of them- 
 selves (i. e. the Athenians) and of , etc. — cliretv Ai^p-: bear in mind '4$r\ 
 above. — Etya (imperat.) tc kcu p-qSevl .... i'iirr\s: H. 723, a; S. Gr. 
 492, a ; G. § 254. — dvsveixGfj (dvatpe'pco) : aor. pass, of <p€pa>, -i\vi\Qr\v, 
 Herod. fiveixfrqv, subjunc. 4v€ixG<«>. — ck . . . . <pcDvfjs : Stein, G. et al. 
 render Ik here, as denoting time, after, etc.; but Raw., Gary, Lange, et al. 
 take it in the sense out of, or from : from the dust and voice there arose a cloud. 
 
 — Notice here eiri with gen. and with ace. in the sense towards. — ovtco 
 .... paGsiv : and thus they learned. The force of &pr], above, extends to 
 this point. — KaTairTopevos : Lex. KaOdirTw, B, 2. 
 
 Chaps. 66 - 69. The Persian fleet at Phalerum. Council of war. 
 Speech of Artemisia. 
 
 Chap. 66. limS^ .... 0rjT]o-dpevoi (O^eopcu, Att. Gsdopcu) .... 
 8i€pT]o-av : after they had crossed over from .... having viewed, etc. — For 
 the situation of the places here mentioned, and the route of the Persian 
 fleet from Trachis, and Histiaea to Phalerum, see Map, and Class. Die. — 
 to Tpwpa (Att. Tpavpa) to AaK-: the slaughter of the Lacedaemonians: that 
 at Thermopylae. Xerxes took pains to exhibit the battle-field to his fleet, 
 endeavoring to deceive them by first removing a large number of his own 
 dead. — cos pev epol 8ok&lv : cf. note ch. 63 : psv here without any corre- 
 sponding clause with 8e. — ovk eXdo-o-oves . . . . ^ ktI., not being less in 
 number they, etc., than they, etc. This conjecture of Herod, is considered 
 not improbable in respect to the land forces ; but improbable in respect to 
 
HEKODOTUS VIII. 51 
 
 the fleet, after the losses by the storm. — Sepias was the name of the southeast 
 promontory of Magnesia (in the eastern part of Thessaly). — ko.1 [idXa, and 
 besides. — Kapva-rlovs : in the southern part of Euboea. — tcov .... to. 
 ovvofi- : the names of which I mentioned formerly (ch. 46, which was omitted). 
 Notice here lir€|ivT)o-0T]v with the ace: oftener with gen., cf. ch. 55. 
 
 Chap. &¥. dmKaTO (d<|>iKV€0[i.ai) : pluperf. 3d pers. plur. H. 355 D, 
 e ; S. Gr. 705 ; G. § 122, 2 ; subj. 7rdvT€$ ovtoi. — eKapaSoKeov : KapaSoKc'w. 
 
 — kt|, Att. tttj, in what way. — ixeTdTrep/Trroi, .... dirb twv V€(5v, having been 
 summoned from, etc. — €Kdo-Tu>, appos. with <r<})t: to them to each one: in our 
 idiom, to each of them. — 6 SlSwvios (3ao--. The reason why the precedence 
 was given to him is implied in VII., 96, where it is said the Phoenicians 
 furnished the best sailing ships ; and of the Phoenicians, the Sidonians. — 
 (X6Td, iiri : adv. and after (him) the Tyrian [king), and then, etc. coXXoi : H. 
 68 and Rem. a ; S. Gr. 39, and a ; G. § 11. — koo-|xw en-e^qs : in order, one 
 after another. — elparra : epouTdea. 
 
 Chap. 68. dp£dp.evos diro. Note this common Greek idiom, beginning 
 from. We say, beginning with. — Kara tcovto (= to avTo), in the same tenor, 
 to the same effect. — Etiral p.oi ktI. Infin. for imperat. Some editions 
 have here elireiv. Say to the king for me, that I, etc. — iv ttjo-i .... irpbs 
 EvPoit) : usually called the battles of Artemisium (name of the north coast 
 and promontory of Euboea), described in the first part of Book VIII. — 
 KttKio-Tqv 7€vop.€V7|v .... diro8€£ap.evT]v (d7ro8elKW[u) agree with \U : 
 neither having been most cowardly .... nor having exhibited the meanest 
 (achievements), etc. — 4ov<rav : attributive position: actual, real, true. — t& 
 ktI. is a fuller explanation of -yvcojxTjv : what I happen to think best, etc. — 
 ol dvSpcs : i. e. the Greeks. — Kpeo-o-oves = Kpeio-o-oves, KpeiTroves. — &v8p«s 
 ■ywaiKwv, sc. Kpe'cro-oves. It would do for Artemisia, who had proved her- 
 self among the bravest, to say this. — irdvTws, at all. — a>p|i/rj0T]s : 6pp.dw. 
 
 — e'X€ l s 84 : repeat ovk from the foregoing. — tol = o-ot. — 6K€ivovs, sc. 
 dira\Xd|ai. — Tfj, in what way, how. — eireixOflS : aor - P ass - °f cirei-yco. — 
 Xwp^o-ct = Trpo\o)pi]<r&. : easily will those things succeed, for which you have 
 come, lit. which you have come intending (to do). — oiol n : otos with T6 regu- 
 larly in the sense, able. — 8iao-K€8ds : fut. of 8iao-K€8dvvv|xt. — KaTa irdXis 
 (ace. plur.), to their several cities. — oikos (note the accent, distinguishing 
 it fr. oIkos, house) = Att. €ikos, sc. ea-rC, nor is it likely : aTpejxieW, fut. of 
 dTpcpi^o). — tovs .... tJKOVTas limits the more general word atiTOvs : 
 that they, if you, etc., will remain quiet, (at least) those of them who have come 
 from there. — Seipalvco seems to denote a more intense fear than Se'SoiKa. 
 Raw. renders, / tremble lest, etc. — \ii\ with aor. subjunc. : lest the naval 
 force, being worsted, will bring ruin on, etc. — irpbs 8e : adv. but further. — 
 pdXev (note the accent ; yet B. writes jSaXeO) = Att. paXov : fr. pdXXw. — 
 «S, declarative, that. — <|>iXeouo-i. : like e'Ge'Xsi in ch. 60 ; lit. bad servants 
 are wont to come to the good of men ; i. e. good men are apt to have bad ser- 
 vants, and the bad, good. — iv . . . . Xo-yo), in the reckoning, list, numbtr of, 
 etc. — eovTcs we may render here, such are. — twv .... ovSev, in whom 
 there is, etc. Why Artemisia spoke thus of these nations, if she ever did 
 
52 NOTES. 
 
 actually speak as Herod, represents, is a matter of speculation. The Egyp- 
 tians are represented to have fought bravely in the battle of Artemisium. 
 It will be remembered that Herod, was a native of Halicarnassus, where 
 Artemisia reigned. 
 
 Chap. ©§>• o-x>p,t|jcpTjV : appos. with tous Xd-y- : regarded her words as a 
 misfortune : ws . . . . 7mo-ofj.evT]s (irdo-xio), supposing she would suffer, etc. — 
 d"ye6|j.€voi : cb/e'cp,a.i (other forms, u7a.op.a1, d-yaiop-ai, aVyajxai) : Lex. aVya- 
 p,ai, IT., hating and envying her. — are : note the difference between dre and 
 &S with partieip.: Lts, objective, because: «s, subjunctive, as if, on the 
 ground that, supposing that. — d.TToXeop.evrjs : fut. mid. fr. dTrdXXvp,i. — dvti- 
 V£ix0T]o-av (dvd, $4p&), Att. dv-i]vc'x® T l " av ' — (nrovSai-qv etvai, obj. of vo- 
 pltftiv : to be a superior woman. — KaraSdijas : KaraSoKew. — o-<f>€as ISeX- : 
 explains Ta8s : suspecting these things, that they, etc. — ws . . . . avrov, hav- 
 ing in mind that, etc. — QrjTJo-ao-Gai : Q-rjeofxai, Att. Gedop-ai. 
 
 Chap. 7®» Persian fleet under way. — 7rapeKpl@Tjcrav (-xapaKplvw) 
 Sia-r- : being arranged, were drawn up in line of battle. — apptoStrj, Att. oppco- 
 8la. — KaTTjp-evoi : Kd@rp.ai. — diroXajx^OevTes : diroXafipdvco, IV.- — dire'v- 
 T€S (d«j>u}|u) tt|v, sc. -yf]V : having left, etc. 
 
 Chaps. Vl, 73. The Peloponnesians (i. e. those w r ho had remained 
 behind, and. were not in the fleet) fortify the Isthmus. 
 
 Chap. 7 1. k^t\y.T\x®.vr\To : |xir;xavdofji.ai. — ^s with Tdx<-o"Ta, as soon as, 
 quum primum. — tovs dp.«j>l A. : that Leonidas and his men, etc. — o-u-yx.^- 
 o-avT€S : Lex. crvyxwvvvp.1, II. — 2i<ip- 68dv, the Scironian, or Skironian 
 way, a difficult and dangerous road between Megara and Corinth, now 
 called KaK-r) o-jcdXa. — olKc8dp.€ov .... rei^as. This wall has often been 
 repaired and strengthened since then. Extended portions of it still re- 
 main. — &t€ hi\ eouceW (Att. ovtrwv, fr. elp-l) kt4., because they were, etc. — 
 ijv€TO : dvw, dvvo), dvurw, dv^Tw. — IXlvuov : £\ivv<a, aug. omitted. 
 
 Chap, f 6 2, Notice here the usual difference between ollSe and outoi. — 
 tnrepappfe>8€ovT€S with da,t. , fearing exceedingly for, etc. We should expect 
 with inre'p the gen. — e'p.eXe, impers. piXei. — 'OXvp/ma .... irapoixwKee 
 (pluperf. irapotxop'ai) : mentioned as a reason why there was nothing to 
 detain the rest of the Peloponnesians from rendering assistance. 
 
 Chap. 73, An enumeration of the seven Peloponnesian races. Omit- 
 ted here. 
 
 Chats. 74, 75, Divisions among the Greeks at Salamis. Secret mes- 
 sage of Themistocles to Xerxes. 
 
 Chap. 74. Ltz .... CeovTes : a figure borrowed from their games : 
 because they were running a race with everything now at stake. — tc'ws p.ev .... 
 Te'Xos 84 : for a while .... but at last. — dvrjp dvSpi : indef., lit. one man 
 of them standing by another: wyr\, in an undertone. — @wjj.a (Att. Saip-a) 
 iroievjievci, (plur. because dvhp is indef. and implies the idea of many) : 
 lit. making it a wonder, i. e. wondering at the imprudence of, etc. — 4£eppd.-y~) 
 (eKpT|"yvvp.i,) : impers. : lit. it broke out into the midst, i. e. their discontent 
 broke out in public. — irepl rciv avTwv, on the same topics, i. e. the same as 
 previously, whether they should stay and fight at Salamis or not, — ot 
 
HERODOTUS VIII. 53 
 
 [iev, as though 'A.e-yov (instead of kXlyero) had preceded. — 'A0t]vcuoi ktc. 
 sc. ^Xeyov : but the Athenians, etc., said it ivas necessary that they remaining 
 there, etc. 
 
 Chap. 75. Io-o-ovto : ec-crow, Att. tjo-ct&(«>, tjttcUj). — evT€iXdp.evog 
 (IvTe'XXofiai) .... \pzuv, sc. co-tL : instructing (him) what it is necessary to 
 say. — irp^'Yp.dTwv, with the comparat., later than, subsequent to, etc., i. e. 
 after the close of the Persian Avar. — 0€<riri6a (nom. ©eo-n-ieiis), a Thespian, a 
 citizen ofThespiae. The Thespians lost so heavily in the battles of Thermop- 
 ylae and of Plataea, that they added from other places the number of their 
 citizens. Thus Sicinnus (or Sikinnus), through the influence of Them., 
 obtained there the right of citizenship. — koA .... 6X(3iov : connected to 
 ©eo-iriea T€ eiroi-qcrc. — c|>pov€W to. (3acr- : Lex. cf>pov€o, II., 5, to be in the 
 interest of, to favor. — KQTvirepOe (Att. KaGwepGc) "yiv- : to become superior, to 
 get the upper hand. — - <j>pd<rovTa agrees with p.e. — -rrape'xei : indeterminate 
 subj. sometimes explained by supplying 06os, or 6 Kaipds : and now it is in 
 your power, etc. — ir€pLt3r,T€ : irepiopda). — - 8ia8pdvTas : 8ia8i8pd«rKw. — 
 toiis .... tovs : some .... others : appos. with o-<j>eas. — toi i>piT€pa 
 <j>poveovTas : cf. <j>pov--wv tcl {3ao--, above. 
 
 Chap. 76. The Persians enclose the Greeks. — 6 p.ev, he, the messen- 
 ger : Tota-i 8«, but to them, the Persians. — tovto p.ev .... toSto 8e : adv. 
 ace. like to jxev . . . . to 8e : on the one hand . ... on the other hand ; or, 
 in the first place . ... in the next place. — d>s, as, causal. — ^-uTTaXtiav : 
 Psyttaleia, a little island, a mile long and from 200 to 300 yards broad, 
 midway between the harbor of Pirseus and the east end of Salamis. See 
 map. — p.€o-ai vvKTes, midnight : often thus in the plur. and usu. without 
 the article. Herod, uses also the sing. — to ... . Ke'pas : obj. both of 
 avq-yov and of kvkXotjjj.€voi : they (the Persians) led up the western wing, draw- 
 ing (it) around in a circle to Salamis. — The second avfi-yov has no obj. ex- 
 pressed : those who were stationed around, etc., brought up (their division). — 
 d|x<})l T-fjv ktI., around Ceos (name of the district on the east coast of Sala- 
 mis, near Cynosura, as the connection shows) and Cynosura (the point of 
 land extending towards Psyttaleia : from kwos, and ovpd, a tail). The 
 Persian fleet had extended along the mainland, from Phalerum to a point 
 farther west than the Greek fleet, perhaps to the bay of Eleusis. They also 
 lay along the northeast part of Salamis. By the movement here described 
 they enclosed the Greeks both at the west and at the east. I have given 
 here the opinions usually adopted. Grote takes a different view of the 
 situation of Ceos and Cynosura, and consecpiently of the entire movement. 
 
 — &jfi : €|€o-tl. — Sotev tIo-lv (tUtis) t(5v ktI., that they might give a recom- 
 pense for, might suffer punishment for, etc. — twv Ilepo-ewv : partit. gen.: 
 some of the Persians. — a>s (with the following gen. abs.) : with the expecta- 
 tion that, etc. — evQavTa : the island of Psyttaleia. — €|oio-op.€vwv : fut. 
 mid. in pass, sense. — Eva ktI. is to be connected with TtovSe el'veKev above. 
 
 — tovs |i€v, the one party, i. e. the Persians ; toxis Se, the other party, the 
 Greeks. 
 
 Chap. 77. Herodotus cites an oracle of Bacis. — Xe'-yovTas : indefinite : 
 
54 NOTES. 
 
 obj. of KaTa(3dX\€iv, to reject (lit. to cast down) persons speaking clearly. — 
 The verse is hexameter (-o-aopov in the 1st verse is a dactyl). — 'AXXd : 
 oracles are often thus introduced, apparently, with reference to some one 
 who has questioned the seer or the oracle. — yjpvo-CLopov : comm. rendered, 
 with golden sword ; but St. and Ab. understand it to mean, with golden ar- 
 mor, referring especially to her implements of archery. This seems to me 
 more natural. — y^vpdxroxri : subj. indeterminate: when they shall have 
 bridged, etc. — ctvoXlnv (ev, dXs), sea-girt. — irepo-avres (trepGa)) agrees with 
 the indeterminate subj. of yefyvpwo-oxri. — o-pecro-ei : <r(3€vvv|u. — 8eivbv 
 |xcup.wovTa (p.ai|xdw) : raging terribly. — dvd .... m0e'o-0ai : the usual - 
 reading ; thought to be corrupt. B. reads dvd .... t10€o-0cii : Ab. sug- 
 gests dvd .... TpaireVQcu, although he retains in his text the usual 
 reading. The connection requires with 8ok€vvtci the meaning, thinking to 
 submit all things. — es TOiavra p-e'v : supply €o-pXe\|/as fr. the clause just 
 before the oracle. So Ab. and St. — BduaSi : dat. of interest in looser 
 relations : avTiXo-yi-qs with irepi : regarding Bacis speaking thus clearly, I 
 neither myself dare to speak in contradiction of oracles, nor do I allow (it) from 
 others.. Such is the usual interpretation of this sentence. 
 
 ^-Chaps. 78 - 82. Aristides joins the Greeks, and informs them that 
 they are surrounded. 
 
 Chap. T8. o-TpaTTi-ywv, Xd-ycav : two genitives with one snbst. a>G- : 
 <«)0Lcrp,bs \6yoiv, a jostling or pushing of words, i. e. an altercation. — avrovs, 
 i. e. tows PapPdpovs. — ISokcov (ain-o-us) .... etvai : they (the Greeks) 
 supposed (they, i. e. the Persians) were in (the same) place. 
 
 Chap. 79. <ruv€o-T?] kotow : often spoken of standing together in oppo- 
 sition to a common enemy ; but here, in opposition to one another : while 
 the generals were in dispute. — l|coo-TpaKur}Ji€vos : l|oc-Tpa,Kt£(o. On the 
 meaning of ostracism, see Smith's Hist. ch. XL § 12. Aristides had been 
 ostracized two years previously ; but the sentence was now revoked on the 
 motion of his rival Themistocles. — tov : relat., subj. of y^vlcrQai. Plu- 
 tarch relates that when the words, in "the Persians" of JEschylus, ov -yap 
 8ok€iv dpicrros dXX' elvcu Q4\ci,for he does not wish to seem, but to be, best, 
 were spoken in the theatre, all eyes were turned towards Aristides. — oivr\p : 
 crasis for 6 dvTjp. — (rrds iirt : stepping before, presenting himself before: hin- 
 tretend vor, Stein. — CKetvwv, of those things, i. e. their former enmity. — 
 o-vp.|xt|ai, to confer with. — irpoasaj Koee : pluperf. irpoaKOva). — ev t« tJ» 
 dXXw Kcupw : lit. both in the other fitting time, or both in the rest of time that is 
 suitable, is rendered freely, both on every other suitable occasion : teal 8tj ko.1 
 €V twSc, and especially on this occasion — Trepl tov : to be closely connected 
 with o-Tcta-id^civ : that we strive, or that we vie with one another on this point, 
 which of us two, etc. The notion of two is implied in oKorepos, Att. 6-rrd- 
 Tepog. — i<rov cVti : it is all the same, i. e. equally useless and unnecessary. 
 — ncXoirovv^o-ioicri : does it belong with i'orov, with Xe'-yeiv, or with d-jro- 
 irXdov ? It is read in each of these, ways. I am inclined to take it with 
 Xe"y€tv : to say to the Peloponnesians little or much about sailing away hence; or, 
 next to this rendering, with l'o-ov, it is all the saine for the Pel. to say, etc. 
 
HERODOTUS VIII. 55 
 
 Raw. and G. join it with airoirXoov. — TOio-lSe, Att. TottrSc, in the following 
 (words). 
 
 Chap. 80. \pr\o-Ta. : tilings which are useful, or expedient, i. e. concern- 
 ing their rivalry. — avToirr^s, sc. tovtcov, anteced. of to,, an eye-witness of 
 (those things) which, etc. — 4£ epe'o to. iroieiipeva virb MtjScov, the things ivhich 
 are (being) done by the Medes (have been) at my instance. — It is usual to sup- 
 ply here eovTa, or some word of kindred import. — 28« : from the impers. 
 Set. — irapao-TTio-ao-Gai : this 1st aor. mid. is often, as here, trans. : it was 
 necessary to bring (them) over to my views against their will : deicovTas agrees 
 with the obj. of Trapao-TTjcrao-Gai, sc. <r<j>e'as or avroiis. — cos. Note care- 
 fully the force of cos with the pavticip. I shall not persuade (them) thinking, 
 etc., or because they will think that the barbarians are not, etc. — crqpT)vov 
 (o-Tjpaivco), sc. Tawa : cos ^X €l » as the facts are, as the case stands. — rauTa 
 8tj, sc. &rrai, just these things (will be) the best. — ojxolov (note the accent in 
 Ion. and older Att. : in later Att. opcnov) : like 'icrov, ch. 79 : it will be all 
 one to us. — SiaSp^trovTcw : 8ia8i8pd<rKco. 
 
 Chap. 81. irapcXOcov : going, i. e. before the council. — toiis eiroppcov- 
 ras (4cpoppeco), the blockading forces. — pcTeo-T^Kee (peGlo-TTjpi) : pluperf., 
 intrans. and imperf. in meaning : withdrew. — tcov 84 : i. e. the Greeks in 
 the council. — Xd-ycov dpeJno-pao-iT] : cf. co0icrpbs Xd-ycov, ch. 78. — ovk 
 €irei0ovTO to, 4£-. Note here iretOopat with the ace. did not believe, etc. 
 
 Chap. 82. Tt|vuov : Tenos was one of the Cyclades. — 4vcy- . . . . 4s 
 tov Tpi7ro8a : were enrolled on the tripod. A portion of the base of this great 
 tripod is still preserved at Constantinople. It is of bronze, 16 feet in height ; 
 and is in the form of a triple twist, representing the bodies of three im- 
 mense serpents. Recently, by the application of chemical solvents, the 
 inscription has again been made legible. The name Tenians stands be- 
 tween that of Malians and Naxians. For a fuller account, see Rawlinson. 
 — 4v toicti .... KtvreXovcri (Ka0cup4co) : among those who overthrew, etc. 
 This same tripod is alluded to in Thucyd. I. 132. — ko.1 ttj -rrpoTepov, sc. 
 avTopoXt]<rdo-T|, eir' 'Ap- : and with the one that formerly deserted and went to 
 Artemisium: mentioned in ch. 11th of this book. — 4s rds ktc., to the (full 
 number of), etc. Note the force of the article with numerals. — KareSee : 
 usu. taken as impers. here. See Lex. KaraSe'co. Yet to vcwtikov is sup- 
 plied by G. and some others. 
 
 Chaps. 83-96. Battle of Salamis. (September 20th is the date 
 usually given. ) 
 
 Chap. 83. tcov T-rjvuov, with pTiptvra : st. inrb tcov T. with Xe-ydpeva. 
 "We may render it, the words spoken by, etc. — Kcd ol : H. 525, b ; S. Gr. 
 375, b ; G. § 151, N. 3 : and they. — crxiXXo-yov .... iroi^o-dpcvoi, having 
 made a gathering of etc., i. e. having gathered, having mustered. — The nomi- 
 native ol . . . . iroi-, through a change of construction, has no verb : may 
 be rendered as gen. abs., and when they had mustered, etc. — irpoT]-ydp€ue, 
 uttered aloud in the assembly ; e3 ^x ovTa ; things that were proper : 4k irdvTcov, 
 out of all, or above all. Freely rendered, harangued (them) most eloquently of 
 all. — irdvTa agrees with ^irea : Kpecrtrco ( Kpeitrcrova, Kpcicrcrw) obj. of dvTi- 
 
56 NOTES. 
 
 TiGe'peva : his words were all setting things better over against, etc., i. e. his 
 words all contrasted what was noble with what was base : 'eVc-ocri : 'eVcrajv = 
 TJcrcrcov, -fJTTcav. — KaTatrXe^as : KarcwrXcKw. — r\ tca-rd .... air-, which 
 had gone for, etc. Cf. ch. 64, where k( with ace. is used in the same sense. 
 
 — dvr\yov (dvd-yw), got tinder way. 
 
 Chap. 84. erreKeaTO (emKeifxai) = e7r€K€ivTo : aTO for vto, H. 355 D, 
 e ; S. Gr. 705 ; G. § 122, 2. — irpvpy^v (or lirl irpvp-vriv.) dvaKpoveiv : to 
 row sternwards, to back water. Thus, the prow remains turned towards the 
 enemy. Note the force of the imperf., began to back water and propel the 
 ships to the shore. — e£ava)(@€is, being borne out, advancing [from his own line) : 
 vtj'C (with ip{3dXXei), a ship, i. e. of the enemy. — o-vfi-rrXaKcia-qs (2d aor. 
 pass. o-vptrXeKCi)) .... veds : when his ship became entangled, i. e. with the 
 ship which he attacked ; or, perhaps, as some understand, with several of 
 the enemy's ships. — ttjv ico/rd kt4., that the (ship) which had gone for the 
 Aeacidae, etc. — <paveuo-av, and that she (the woman) having appeared. — 
 dirav with to ... . o-Tpar-, subj. of aKoScrai : oveiSicracrav, sc. avTrjv, 
 obj. of aKOuo-ai, heard (her), after she had first reproached (them) as follows. 
 
 — K-e'xpi koctov (Att. irotrov), lit. up to what time, i. e. how long, Lat. 
 quousque. 
 
 Chap. §5. Kara, over against.- — knrdxaTO : pluperf. 3d pers., plur. : 
 fr. Ta<ra-<«). — irpbs 'EXeucrlvos kt|., in the direction of, towards. In this 
 sense, oftener with the ace, as in the next sentence. auTosv .... dXfyoi, 
 a few of them, i. e. of the Ionians. — Kara rds 0. Ivi-oXds. After the bat- 
 tles of Artemisium, Themistocles cut inscriptions in rocks, which the 
 Ionians would be likely to see, urging them, either to desert from the Per- 
 sians, or to play the coward purposely in battle. These injunctions were 
 now remembered by a few. — e"x« .... KaraXe^ai, / am able to mention, 
 etc. — fJ.ep.vqfJi.ai (pipv-rjo-Koj), / mention. — KaTao-Tno-dvTtov to>v II., the 
 Persians having appointed (him), by the appointment of the Persians. — 'evepyi- 
 ttjs .... €V€*ypd<|>T[, was enrolled as a benefactor of etc. For this custom 
 among the Persian kings, see also the Book of Esther, ch. 8, v. 2. "And 
 it was found written that Mordecai," etc. 
 
 Chap. §©. toijto-us : the Persians above mentioned. — toov vecSv, of the 
 (Persian) ships. ■ — at pev . ... at 84 : partit. appos. with to irkr\Qos. — 
 wvv Kocrpo} .... Ka-ra Ta£jiv, with order, in line. — <rvv veto, with foresight, 
 with plan. — epeXXe, was about to, was likely to: <rvvo£o-€<r0ai (<rup(p€p&)) r to 
 turn out, to happen. — rjcrav Kal e-ye'vovro, they were and proved themselves. — 
 avTol eoiVTiav r\ irpbs E{»|3oitj : lit. themselves than themselves (in other en- 
 gagements), than at Euboea : a single, condensed expression for two inde- 
 pendent statements : they surpassed themselves, they behaved better than 
 at Euboea. — ird$ tis, every one, appos. with the subj. of fjcrav and kyiv-. — 
 kavTov obj., (SaonXea subj., of 0TjTjo-ecr8ai. (tut.: Stein reads Qr\r\a-a<rQai aor.). 
 
 Chap. §'7. peTelere'povs (psrd, k%, erepoi) : appos. with tovs dXXovs : 
 in regard to the others, (as) individuals. — 'ApTepurujv : Artemisia was queen 
 of Halicarnassus, the birthplace of Herod.; and hence he would be likely 
 to hear more respecting her. We can only wish she had gained credit 
 
HEEODOTUS VIII. 57 
 
 more honorably. Herodotus was a mere boy, four years old, at tlie date 
 of this battle, and would naturally hear much said about it. — -yap : epexe- 
 getic : Lex. II.: in this use, not comm. rendered into Eng. : introduces 
 here the fuller statement of rdSe. — Kal -fj, and she. No verb follows of 
 which this is the subj. ; but, after a long intervening clause, the statement 
 is resumed in another form, £8o£<i ot, it seemed to her expedient. — cpi'Xiai as 
 pred. adj.: other ships, (those which were) friendly. — tj 8e avrfjs, sc. vtjvs, 
 but her own (ship). — irpbs (in local sense) .... jidXio-Ta, especially near 
 to, or exposed to. — to, rel., subj. of o-uvTJvetKe (<ru|ju|>cpa>) : lit. which was 
 also profitable to her, having done it: " which in fact proved her safety." R. 
 The rendering, "which succeeded in the attempt" (Cary), I am not able 
 to adopt. — §4pov<ra ("cum impetu." Ab.) evefSaXe : she bore violently 
 down upon. — dvSpaiv tc . . . . kg.! cwitov ktI. : an adnominal gen. con- 
 nected by Kat to a gen. abs. : may be rendered freely, manned by ... 
 and bearing D. himself, the king of, etc. — el Kal : concessive, although : 
 eVi with edvTwv, while they were still, etc. — ov ue'vToi .... oih-e el ... . 
 ovt€ €i : yet I at least am not able to say, whether . ... or, etc. So 
 Abicht. Others render el ko.! .... ue'vToi, even if ... . still, etc. I 
 think we comm. render el kc£, if even, although; Kal el, even if H. 874, 1. 
 S. Gr. 591. — o#re .... otire : emphat. repetition of the neg. ov. — 
 o-vv€KvpT[<re : onryKupeto. — ep-ydo-aTo, with two aces, as often : procured 
 herself a double advantage (lit. double advantages). — o tc . . . . Tpit|papxos, 
 for the commander of, etc. No correlative of re' follows ; but the thought 
 is resumed ch. 88 in Tovto fie'v, which is followed by tovto 8e. — •{] . . . . 
 i] ktI., to be either . ... or, etc. — avrolo-i : tois 'TEXXtjo-i. 
 
 Chap. 88. ToCto uev .... tovto 8e' : cf. ch. 76 : adv. partly .... 
 partly ; or, in the first place . ... in the next place. — at>TT] <rvv- "yev-, hap- 
 pened to become a help to her. — rovrav : plur. in reference to koxov ep-y- : 
 H. 518, b ; S. Gr. 369 : having done an injury, in consequence of it, she, etc. 
 So Cary, Raw., Ab., et al. — 07|eijp.cvov, looking on ; jiaGetv (p.av0a,va>) tvjv via 
 ep.p- : is commonly rendered, observed the ship that made the attack; but 
 L. and Sc. render it, inquired about, etc. See Lex. p.av0dva>, II. I prefer 
 the first rendering. — kcu tov e'lretpeo-Bat (Lex. eire'pojJLai) .... Kal toiis 
 <j>dvat : bear in mind Xe*yeTai : and that he (the king) . . . .and that they 
 affirmed (it). — to eVio-qjiov : some say, the ensign, the banner; others, the 
 figure-head. — fjincrTeaTO (fr. €Trio-Ta|j.at : H. 355 D, e, Hd. ; S. Gr. 705; 
 G. § 122, 2 ; Att. TjirLo-TavTo) : thought they knew, believed. Note the change 
 in meaning from e'lrio-Taag vovs, knowing. — to. re "yap dXXa .... Kal to 
 ktI. : for not only the other (circumstances) .... but (especially) the fact that, 
 etc. — avTrj .... -yei.'C|JL€va (Lex. o-v\L§ip<a, II. 2), turned out (becoming) 
 for her advantage ; or, if we take o~v\L$£pG> in its fretpient sense, profited 
 her, turning out for her good fortune. The hrst rendering is comm. preferred. 
 — irpbs to. <f>pa£dueva, in reply to their remarks. 
 
 Chap. 89. dirb p.\v e"0a.v€ .... dirb 8e', sc. e"0avov : tmesis. — dre 
 with eir- : for, as they knew how, etc. Observe how much oftener &re oc- 
 curs in Herod, than in Att. Greek. — Totari, relat. : ol a-q . . . . diroX- : 
 
58 NOTES. 
 
 the neg. jxtj, because the particip. is to he taken as conditional : they, whose 
 ships were destroyed, if they did not perish, etc. — Iv x €l P" v vdpw : see Lex. 
 vd|xos : in hand-to-hand conflict. G. — Sieveov. Note the force of 8ia-, 
 sivam through (the wrecks). — ovk Itt- : ou with particip. a direct denial, not 
 knowing how, or because they did not know how. The statement that they did 
 not know how to swim, is at first surprising ; and is understood to apply 
 chiefly to the eiripdrcu, fighting men, marines. — rfjo-i vr\vcr\ -rrapie'vai (irapa, 
 ctfja), to pass along with their ships. — diroSefjopevoi : diroSeiKVvpi. 
 
 Chap. 90. a>s • • . • dtroXoiaro (Att. dirdXoivTo) at ve'es : orat. obliq. : 
 declaring that their ships had perished through them (the Ionians) : «s irpo- 
 SdvTtov, sc. tcov 'Iwvtov. — o-wrjveiKe (impers.) <3v outw wo-tc : now it turned 
 out in such a way that, etc. — AlyivaCt], Aeginetan. — ko.t€8u€to, ivas being 
 sunk, i. e. was sinking : €m<J>spope'vT| (lit. being borne against) .... ko.t€- 
 Sucre, attacked and sun k (trans. ). The aor. represents the action as single 
 and completed, as an accomplished fact ; the imperf. , as going on and con- 
 temporaneous with some other action. Difference between KaTeSvo-a and 
 kcitcSvv in meaning ? — aKOVTio-Tai : pred. : because the Samothracians were 
 javelin-men. — tovs €iri|3&Tas, obj. of (3dXXovT€s dinr|pa£av (dirapdo-<ra)). — r 
 KaTa8vtrdo-»]s : remember the meaning of this 1st aor., that had sunk (their 
 own ship) : 'icryov, took possession of. This meaning is indicated by its close 
 connection with iire'pTjo-av (2d aor.), they boarded. — toi>s "Iwvas Ippvo-a/ro 
 (pvopcu). The Samothracians, who had just performed this gallant action, 
 were a colony of Ionians from Samos. — ota with particip., cf. ch. 59, = are, 
 because he was exceedingly displeased, and blamed everybody. — diroTapeiv 
 (diroTe(Jivw) with eKe'Xeua-s (abs.), g<we orders to cut off. — Karif||X€Vos : KaG-q- 
 jxai. — vrrd, under, at the foot of. The point where Xerxes sat is near the 
 base of Aegaleos, but commands a fine view of the strait and the island 
 beyond. — irarpoOev tov Tpi- kt!., the name of the commander of the trireme 
 with that of the father and of the city. — -n-pbs 84 : adv., cf. ch. 40. — Trpocrs- 
 pdXeTO, with gen. irdOeos (a rare const.) : contributed also in part (tI) to this 
 disaster of the Phoenicians. — <j>iXos ewv, sc. tcov 'Iwvtov or tois "I<o<ri, which 
 Ab. and others think must have fallen out from the text. 
 
 Chap. 91. 01 piv : These men, i. e. those whom Xerxes ordered to be- 
 head the Phoenician complainants. — twv 8£ (SapPdpcov ktI. : gen. abs., 
 and when, etc. — IkttXwovtcov : i. e. out of the strait lying between Salamis 
 and the mainland. — kv ™ iropOpw, in the channel, i. e. between Psyttaleia 
 and the mainland. — direSg'lavTo : diroSeiKvvpi. — cpcpdpcvoi : cf. fyipovcra, 
 ch. 87 : being borne onward. 
 
 Chap. 92. t] tc ©ep- .... Kal tj XXoX- : partit. appos. with ve'es, 
 subj. of o-vv€Kvp€OV ((rvyKvpi(ti) . Here, there happened to meet together (two) 
 ships, etc. — tov Kpiov, the son of Crius (mentioned in Herod. VI., 50.). — 
 rjircp relates to vrj't SiS-, the very one which had taken, etc. — irpo- .... e-rrl 
 EiadGu : keeping guard of Sciathus (an island near the southeastern point 
 of Magnesia). The capture of this ship, and the bravery of Pytheas, are 
 described in VII., 179, 181. — Ka/raKCTreVra : 2d aor. pass, particip. (fr. 
 KaTaKoirTto), agrees with tov (relat. ) : although covered with wounds, he was 
 
HERODOTUS VIII. 59 
 
 still alive. — •fjXo) (dXCo-Kopcu), ivas captured. — <rr\\ir\iov : Att. cnipetov : 
 cf. errloTTifjiov, ch. 88, note. — tt}s o-TpaTr^iSos, of the admiral's (ship), or, 
 as we often say, of the flagship. — PcGo-as: podco. — <Vn-€K€pTdp7j<re (kiKcpTo- 
 pito) .... 6v€i8i£wv : railed at (him), reproaching (him) for the charge of 
 Medism (brought) against, etc. This charge was made by the Athenians, 
 against the Aeginetans, before the battle of Marathon. Herod. VI., 49, 
 73, 85. — vrj't : the Sidonian ship above mentioned. — {rcrd : under the pro- 
 tection of. 
 
 Chaps. 93. ^Kovo-av .... dpicrra : Lex. okovcd, III.: lit. they heard 
 the best things, i. e. the best things spoken of their conduct in the battle. 
 Freely rendered, gained the greatest glory. Raw. — lirl Si : adv. and after 
 (them). — 6 'Avcvy-, the Anagyrasian : i. e. from the Attic deme Anagyrus, 
 on the western coast, south of Hymettus. — naXX/rjv-, a Pallenian. Pal- 
 lene was on the road between Athens and Marathon. — irXcooi : orat. obliq. : 
 was sailing. — irpdrepov ^ . . . . ^ i<al : lit. sooner than . ... or even : i. e. 
 until he had (either) taken her, or was even himself taken. — irapcKeKeXeuo-TO 
 (irapajceXevco) : hnpers. it had been enjoined .... (to take Artemisia). — 
 €K€€to (K€L|xai) : as pluperf. pass, of Ti0Tjp.i : had been offered. — p.- Spaxpai*, 
 appos. with &€0Xov. We more naturally say, a prize of etc. 10,000 drach- 
 mas = $ 4,66 6 t 6 q 6 q, an immense sum, considering the value of money in 
 those days. — Ittoicvvto kt!., they made it, i. e. they regarded it (as) some- 
 thing shocking, that a woman, etc. 
 
 Chap. 94. iKirXo/yevTa : t-K-rrXiricrcrw. — «s . . . . -ytvco-Oai. Bear in 
 mind Xe-yoveri above. Note also «s before the ace. and infm. in orat. obliq. 
 H. 733 ; S. Gr. 501 ; G. § 260, 2, N. 2 : and that when they arrived inflight 
 at the sanctuary of the Salaminian Athena Sciras, etc. This sanctuary was 
 on one of the south points of Salamis, so that the Corinthians must have 
 sailed, according to this report, along the eastern and southern coast. The 
 whole story is improbable. — 0€it] iropTrrj, under divine, or, as we often say, 
 supernatural guidance. — tov .... oiiSeva : lit. that the person ivho sent (it) 
 appeared (to be) no one: more freely rendered, that no one appeared to have 
 sent (it). — o-ut6 .... 7rpo<r- ktc., and that it fell in with the Corinthian 
 knowing nothing of etc. — T-rjSe, adv.: o-vp.J3dX-, historic pres., and in this 
 way they inferred, etc. — -yap, epexeget. : cos as above : thnt when they were 
 near, etc. — viKeovcri, Tjpe'ovTO : Ionic for vikwcti (vik&co), fjpwvTo (dpaopcu). 
 
 — oiot re : note this meaning, ready, willing. — iir 5 i^pyca-ni voicri (IfjepYo.- 
 £opcu) : after things were done, after the action was ended — -~ovtovs, ace. of 
 specif.: <£yjzi, intrans. : Such a story is told (lit. holds, or obtains) of them, etc. 
 
 — ttjs vavfi.- .... -yevco'dcu, participated in, etc. 
 
 Chap. 95. tov with lircpvT|o-0T]v, of whom I made mention. — tovtcov 
 (neut.) depends on the comparat. — irapaTtrdxaTO (irapcwdo-o-«) : pluperf., 
 pass., 3d, pi. : aug. omitted. — direpTjcre (1st aor. trans.) d-ytov, he con- 
 ducted and landed. — tovs Ilepo-as .... iravras. Ch. 76. These are 
 represented in the Persians of Aeschylus as among the bravest and noblest, 
 and their death as the chief disaster of the day. 
 
 Chap. 96. KooXidSa : Colias (or Kolias) was twenty stadia (2| miles) 
 
60 NOTES. 
 
 southeast of Phalerum. — diroireirXfjcrOai (dTroir^ixirX^iit. B. reads here 
 cnroirX.-»)crcH : St. a.Troir\i)o-Qi)vai) : has been fulfilled. — tov t€ dXXov iravra 
 tov kt€., both every other {oracle) which has been spoken: BdiaSi, Mov-, dat. 
 of agent. — Kal 8^j Kal .... to elprjuevov : and indeed that also in regard 
 to ... . spoken, etc.: "Kal 8^| KaC is frequent after dXXos, when one cir- 
 cumstance is set over against another of the same sort." Ah. Cf. chaps. 
 52, 79. — Avo--, dat. of agent with elprj pi vov. — to iXeXrjGci (XavOdvw), 
 which (in its meaning) had eluded all the Greeks. — <{>pv£ovo-i : <|>pv"yw : shall 
 broil (their meat). 
 
 Chaps. 97 - 103. Xerxes resolves to return ; sends a courier to Per- 
 sia ; leaves Mardonias behind with 300,000 men; sends his children to 
 Ephesus with Artemisia. 
 
 Chap. 97. vTroQi\rai (-inroTCG^pi, to suggest), sc. irXwciv ktI. — lirC8t]- 
 Xos, clearly manifest, known (in his intentions). — ts ttjv .... Siaxovv. 
 Ctesias and Strabo relate that he had formed the plan of building such a 
 mole before the battle. — "yo/uXovs : in some edit. 7avXovs : round-built mer- 
 chant vessels. — dpTeeTO : dpT€co, Att. dpTaw : he made ready. — et5 1| lo-TeaTO 
 (eiTio-Ta|xai), were fxdly persuaded. — 4k tt. v., out of, proceeding from, (his) 
 whole mind = in full earnest. — Map8-, obj. of 4Xdv8av€ : none of ... . de- 
 ceived Mard-. — rl ap.a .... koX Note the position of apa, a frequent 
 arrangement. We introduce the idea of apa with the second member : 
 both did these things, and at the same time, etc. — dyyeXeovTa, (a person) to 
 announce, etc. 
 
 Chap. 98. tovtwv tcov d-yye'Xcov : with the comparat. 0do-o-ov. — &tti. 
 Notice the accent : there exists. — '6 ti . . . . •rrapaYL'yveTat., which arrives, 
 which reaches its destination. — Qvr\rbv edv defines ovSiv, nothing that is mortal. 
 — ovto) here points to what follows : tois Hep-, dat. of agent : E^evpTjtai, 
 e^evpto-Kw. — -yap, epexegetic : better not rendered here. — oo-<ov .... 
 too-ovtol : lit. of how many . ... so many : i. e. as many days as are occu- 
 pied in the whole journey, so many, etc. — tovs, relat., obj. of 2p"y€i. — ovk 
 . ... ov .... ov. Notice the asyndeton. Livelier than ovVe .... 
 o{!t€ .... ovt€.— p*| ov : H. 847 & a ; S. Gr. 573 ; G. § 283, 7 : hinders 
 (the courier) from accomplishing, etc. — to, 4vt€t- (IvtcXXo)), the despatches. — - 
 to 8« «v- ¥fir\, and so straightway, etc. — ko.t (distributive, as often) dXXov, 
 from one to another. — fj XapiraSTjcpopiT], the torch-bearing, or the torch-race. 
 See Die. Antiq. QQ6. 
 
 Chap. 99. <£s ^X° l : ora t- obliq. : to the effect that Xerxes held, etc. — 
 &r€p\|/€ (T€p7T(o) : not to be confounded with irp^G. — &*) marks ovtg> as 
 the emphatic word ; and tI has the effect to soften or tone down an asser- 
 tion. From the lack of corresponding particles in English, w T e must often 
 leave these little words untranslated. — eGvptav : Gvpidw. — 0vo-U)o-i in- 
 cludes and makes prominent the idea of the feasts which accompanied the 
 sacrifices. — <rvvi\ei : <rvy\4oi. 
 
 Chap. 100. MapSdvios, subj. of irpoo-€<pep€ below. — w$ .... dva- 
 •yvwo-as (Lex. dva/yi-yvwa-Kw, II.), that he would suffer punishment for having 
 persuaded. — «s 8wo~€i .... Kal .... cI'tj. Note the change of mood 
 
HERODOTUS VIII. 61 
 
 and tense : lit. that he ivill (definite expectation) and that it would be (pos- 
 sibility) ; or, taking it as oratio obliq., that it ivas better for him, viewed as a 
 fact. — {nrep .... alwpr|6e'vTa (auopew), having aspired to great achievements 
 (lit. being lifted up, etc.), referring to the conquest of Greece. — -irXeov .... 
 'EXXdSa, parenthetical : however, his expectation tended {tyepe intrans. ) rather 
 to the conquest of , etc. — £v\wv (alluding to the ships) .... dv8pwv .... 
 Virirtov : gen. of cause. — 6 to irdv <J>epwv : cf. ch. 62, the words of Themis- 
 tocles to Eurybiades (to Trdv .... <jsepovo-i al vees). For that which in- 
 volves everything to us is not a contest for planks, etc. — o-oi (eniphat. posit.), 
 with dvTiw0f]vai. — o"4>i, reflex, for themselves. — !irio-)(€iv : Lex. kiri\(a y 
 IV., 2. — Trape'xei, impers., sc. o-ot: it is in your power. — pA\ ov . . . . 
 ctvai : cf. note on p/f| ov, ch. 98 :• that they should not be, etc. — Xd-yov, nearly 
 in the sense of 8ikcis, having given an account (i. e. having suffered the penalty) 
 for those things which, etc. — (xdXio-ra, certainly, by all means. — ■ kcu €k 
 twvSc, even out of those things = even in that case. — 8€8T)Xt]Tcu (8r]Xeop.ai) : as 
 pass., has been damaged: twv irprj-y-, limits ovSe'v. — oi8£ .... '6kov (= Sirov) 
 kt€., nor will you say where, etc., freely rendered, nor will you say that we any- 
 where, etc. Some understood Skov here as temporal, on any occasion. — 
 ovh\v irpbs II- kt|., is not chargeable on, etc. — diroXei-dfJievov, with 4|xe. 
 
 Chap. 101. «s €K kcikcov, as if (delivered) from, etc. — (3ovX€vo-d|i€vos 
 with inroKpive'eo-Ocu (fut.), that he would make reply, after deliberation. — jxct- 
 cutioi, responsible for, to blame for : p,€Ta- adding the notion of part, partici- 
 pation. — PovXop.e'voio-1 .... dird8€|is: an opportunity for proof (that they 
 were in no way to blame) would be in accordance with their wishes : lit. would 
 be to them wishing (it). — avTOV with ijxe : me myself. — crv .... ejxoi, with 
 vvv t€ 0-up.povXeiJo-ov : e'wo-a, iaa>. — oKOTspa kt4., by doing which of the two, 
 I shall perchance have deliberated wisely : iTrirv\(a (eiriTuyxavto) nsed with a 
 particip. like the simple verb ; €iri- adding the notion of a successful 
 venture. 
 
 Chap. 102. o-wePovXevcTo. Note the force of the mid., sought to obtain 
 advice, asked advice respecting these things. Above, 0-up.povXevo-ov, act. give 
 advice. — el'irao-av (1st aor. particip.) agrees with the subj. (understood) 
 of tvxciv : to speak perchance what is best (for you), etc. — eirl .... irpTJ- 
 •y^ao-i, in the existing circumstances: "as thy affairs now stand." Raw. — 
 MapSdviov : obj. of KaraXiimv. — tovto p.ev .... tovto 8e : cf. ch. 88, 
 note. — Kat ot . . . . Xe'-yti, and (if) he succeed in what he, purposing, declares 
 (he will do) ; or, more freely, in what he purposes and declares (he will execute) : 
 Trpo)(G>p^o-T|, impers. — o-dv pred. to <£p- subj. with "ytvexai. — CKelvcov t»v 
 irpipy-, sc. TrepiedvTwv : while your affairs yonder, your affairs at home, are 
 safe. — iroXXoiis .... 8pa(x^ovTai (Tpe'x«) kt!., a hgure borrowed from the 
 public games, in which the foot-race was the oldest and most celebrated : 
 will run many a race, ofttimes, for themselves : ' ' must be prepared to fight 
 full many a battle for their freedom." Raw. — X670S .... -yivcTai, no 
 account is taken. — ovSi ti . . . . vike'ovo-i, nor, if the Greeks conquer, do they 
 gain any real victory : vikcovtes, cond. — SoiiXov o-ov (without the article), 
 a slave of yours, one of your slaves. — direXds ; dirsXavvw, 
 
62 NOTES. 
 
 Chap. 103. \4yova-a lirervyyave (cf. eirtTv^o) povX€x>ord|A€VOS, ch. 101, 
 note), she happened to say. — irdvTes Kal irao-cu, all men and all women, all 
 the men and women in the world. — 8oK€€iv €|xot : infin. in loose construc- 
 tions. H. 772 ; S.. Gr. 532 ; G. § 268. — voGoi. Under the Persian sys- 
 tem of polygamy, the sons of all the wives except the first are thought to 
 have been called voGoi : " some of his natural sons." Raw. 
 
 Chaps. 104- 106. Story of Hermotimus. Omitted. 
 
 Chaps. 107-110. The Persian fleet withdraws, followed by the 
 Greeks as far as Andros. Council of war among the Greeks. Second mes- 
 sage of Themistocles to Xerxes. 
 
 Chap. 107. §i*\4yeiv, to select. Cf. an-oX^-yeo-Gai (ch. 100 end.): 
 €K\e'"Y€or0ai (ch. 113). — Troieeiv .... 7r€ip€op.evov : lit. to do attempting, 
 i. e. to try to do, or more freely, to do as far as possible. Kr. rejects from the 
 text Tretpcdfievov, and Ab. is inclined to do the same. — e-ytv€To : indeter- 
 minate subj.: matters advanced. — is tov 'EX-, towards the Hellespont : a dis- 
 tance requiring several days. — ms . . . . ^Kaorros, as quickly as each one 
 was able : Td\€OS, with a»s : lit. as of speed, or in what state of speed, etc. 
 
 H. 589 ; S. Gr. 427, be; G. § 168," N. 3. Cf. Thucyd. ch. 22, 3, «s 
 
 cvvoias .... ^X 01, — 8ia4>\i\a|ovcras (ace. plur. fern. fr. 8icu|>v\dTTa)), 
 agrees with vias, to guard, etc. iropevGfjvat is loosely connected with 8ia<f>- 
 for the king to pass over. — Ztoo-Tfjpos : Zoster, a promontory between Pi- 
 raeus and Sunium. — eirl ttoXXov, a long distance : eiri, strictly, extending 
 over, etc. — \povu>, lit. in a time, i. e. after a ichile. — €ko|a££ovto (abs. : 
 spoken of going either by land or by water) : they went on their way. 
 
 Chap. 1©§. Kcrrd X&pt\v. ^f- cn - 78. — ^X7ri|ov. Note this use of 
 €Xm£<o : they imagined that the ships also, etc. — irapapTeovTo. Cf. ch. 76, 
 end. — olx<»Kvlas (ol'xop.cu) : supplement, particip. — tov .... o-TpaTov : 
 obj. both of eireiSov (eiri, etSov) and of 8iw|avres. — 8id vt|Q"cov rpairo^i- 
 vovs, that (they, the Greeks) shaping their course through, etc. — el Xvo-ovo-t 
 .... tovt' dv . . . . ep"yacra,iaTo : lit. if they shall, etc., they would, etc. 
 H. 750 ; S. Gr. 518 ; G. § 227. — tovto : adv. ace, in this, thereby, thus.— 
 cruets : expressed for emphasis : nearly = avrol. — 6/yovri p.4v ol : with 
 oi)T€ .... otdv re eorai : particip. denoting condit. : since, if he keep quiet, 
 it will neither be possible, etc. : lit. to him keeping quiet, etc. — to 6irlcr<a, with 
 ko[xi8t|, a verbal noun : nor will any means of getting back, etc. — i"Kiyiip(ovTi 
 .... 4x°f JL * v< P • lik e fryovn, denoting condition : but if he assume the ag- 
 gressive, and engage in action. — old t€ cVtch Trpocrxa>pf]crai, will be likely to 
 go over to (him) : lit. will be able, etc. : KaTa distributive. — ijtoi dXto-KO(X€- 
 v«v kt4. : gen. abs. either being taken, or surrendering, etc. The nom. agree- 
 ing with irdvTa would be grammatical ; but the gen. gives more indepen- 
 dence, and hence prominence, to the statement. — e^eiv o-<f>eas. Bear in 
 mind \4yotv above : and they will have, etc. — eire'reov : Lex. eire'-mos. — 
 dXXd .... TL4pa"t\v : But, since the Persian seems not intending to remain, 
 etc.: oi with the infin. in oratio obliq. — iariov (edco) etvcu : he should be 
 allowed, etc. — «s S '4\Qr\. Note the omission of &v. H. 759 ; S. Gr. 523, 
 f ; G. § 234. — T-fjv Icovtov, sc. x^p^v- — T0 4v0«vtcv .... -^Stj : from 
 
HERODOTUS VIII. . 63 
 
 that time at once. Cf. cli. 98. — eWXevc : sc. Evpv|3td8T|s. — cixovto with 
 gen. adhered to. — p.6TG.paXa>v trpos kt!., changing his purpose {and turning) 
 to, etc. — wpjiearo (6pp.dc*>) : Att. wpp.T]VTo (f] becomes e, v changed to a). 
 H. 355 D, e, Hd.; S. Gr. 705 ; G. § 122, 2. — ical . . . . |3aXX6>evoi, 
 even undertaking it themselves, or, more lit., even casting it upon themselves. — 
 •jtoaXouti (neut.) impey-, have been present at, i. e. have witnessed many in- 
 stances. — &vSaas ktI., explanatory of ttoXXouti and irXe'w (irXeova, irXeuo, 
 irXeiova), that men driven (dimXeco, dird, and elXew = el'Xto), etc. — dvc.p.dx.-> 
 dva.Xap.j3-. Note the force of dvd in compos., fight again and retrieve the 
 former disaster. — €vpr t p.a .... 'EXXdSa : const. H. 555 ; S. Gr. 399 ; 
 G. § 159, N. 4, for we have found for ourselves, etc., unexpected good fortune, 
 etc. dvtoo-dfievoi : dvtoGew. — ovk Tjfxeis. Notice the posit, of the neg. 
 not we ... . but the gods, etc. — €<})0ovTj<rav, were jealous. Note the thought, 
 which occurs several times in Hd. — edvTa may be rendered, especially since 
 he was. — ep-irnrpas (€p.iri7rpi]|xi) .... aVydXjiaTa. Goodwin suggests 
 here very pertinently that the Persians, like the Jews, were hostile to 
 idols. Xerxes may have intended, therefore, no act of impiety, shocking as 
 his conduct appeared to the Greeks. — KaTfjKe : Ka0lr|p.i. — vvv p.ev . . . . 
 €7rt(X£Xr]6f]vat. This is coinm. read, let us now, remaining in Greece, pay at- 
 tention to, etc. But it is doubtful whether the infin. may be thus used for 
 the 1st pers. plur. subjunc. Stein suggests that Set may have fallen out 
 from the original text. — rls, each one. — d?ro0T|KT]v .... 7roiir|<r€cr0ai 4s 
 ktI., to make for himself a deposit with, etc., more freely, to lay up for himself 
 a store of favor with, etc. This is the comment of Herod, on the motives of 
 Themistocles, and it is generally accepted as just, although I think there 
 may be room for doubt on this point. Themistocles afterwards, when 
 driven from his country," reminded the king of this act, and claimed it as 
 a favor ; but it is quite possible that this claim may have been an after- 
 thought. Thucyd. 1 : 137. — tI with ird0os. — Trpos 'A0- : from, etc. — 
 Tdirep .... €-ye'v€TO, which very things accordingly came to pass also. Them, 
 was ostracized by the Athenians, probably in the vear 471 b. c. Cf. Grote, 
 ch. XL1V. 
 
 Chap. 110. Sis'paXXe, deceived (them). There is no proof of any in- 
 tended deception. — ol (enclit. hence in the text ot) : dat. of agent with 
 dv€"vv- Tj<rav, had been persuaded by him. — o-fyav .... rd, to keep silence 
 respecting the things which. — es irdcrav .... diriK-, though coming to, or, as 
 we say, though put to every kind of torture. — Eikivvos : cf. ch. 75. — &j-)(e, 
 restrained, held in check. This message was likely to hasten the departure 
 of Xerxes, — most important to the welfare of the Greeks, — and hence 
 may be interpreted without any supposition of "medism" on the part of 
 Themistocles. 
 
 Chaps. Ill, 112. Blockade of Andros. Punishment of Paros and 
 Carystus. 
 
 Chaps. 1 1 3 - 1 1 7. Retreat of Xerxes. 
 
 Chap. 113. gSofje with irpoirlpul/cu, it seemed expedient: with dvupttjv 
 etvai, ap-eivoy elvai, and Trapdo-ficu, it seemed. — dirlKaTO (d<j>iKV€ojj.ai) : 
 
64 NOTES. 
 
 pluperf. 3d pers. plur. — irpwTO-us plv .... fwra 81 (adv.), first . . . . 
 but afterwards. — r?|v .... x i ^ T l v : collective: note the gender : the thou- 
 sand horse : mentioned in Book VII., as chosen from all the Persians and 
 leading the van. — icor' (distributive) oXtyovs, a few from each nation. — 
 el'Sea (eI8os), good looks. — SiaXe'ywv as in ch. 107, choosing, takes for its 
 obj. the anteced. of touti. — reouri = tutl. H. 244 D ; S. Gr. 683 ; G. 
 § 84, N. 2. — trwjjSee (trvvoiSa), with ace. and dat. : and if he knew of any 
 gallant action having been performed by any {persons), [choosing also these). — 
 €V 8e, adv. and among (these). — irXeicn-ov .... alpe'ero : lit. he chose the 
 Persians, the most numerous nation, i. e. he chose the greatest number from the 
 Persians. — eirl §£, and next to these. — &r<roves : Att. Tjcro-cves, -fjTT0V€S. 
 
 Chap. 114* iv ™, while. — irepu Note this use : in the region of. — 
 alTeeiv ktc., explanatory of XPW T *IP 10V '• to demand of Xerxes satisfaction 
 for, etc. — i| IkcCvov. Note this use- of !g, rare in Att. (instead of viro 
 with gen.) : whatever was given by him. — <re .... aXriovfn .... 81kcis. 
 Cf. the const, of alreeiv above. — d-rreKTeivas : indie. 2d pers. sing, (the 
 particip. would be airoKTcivas) : pvop-cvov, while defending. — KaTacrxwv 
 (Kwriyja) : in trans, here, having waited. — Ikcivokti irpeire^ sc. Sovvai. 
 
 Chap. 115. dmKveerai : djJHKveiTai. — Is tov iropov ttjs Scapdoaos : 
 a pleonasm : comra. rendered, (he arrives) at the place of crossing. — ov8£v 
 (xepos, no part of, etc., i. e. compared with his army as it was. — 8koij with 
 optat. indefinite frequency of past action : wherever they arrived on their 
 march, and among whatever men, etc. — 8e in apodosis. H. 862, b ; S. Gr. 
 585, a b ; G. § 227, 2 : then they ate, etc. — twv tc rjpipwv (not to be con- 
 founded with the subst. tjjxepwv) ko.1 tov dy-, sc. SevSpewv. — kclt' 68bv 
 8ie'4>9eipe (imperf., continued action), continually wasted away [the army) on 
 their march. — IVa .... eXawwv, wherever (lit. where on each occasion) he 
 arrived on the march. Cf. note on Skov above. — iv 2Lpi, in Siris: on an 
 east tributary of the Strymon. 
 
 The story about the car of Zeus, and that about the cruelty of a Thracian 
 to his sons, for joining the army of Xerxes, are related in the end of ch. 
 115 and in ch. 116. They are omitted here. 
 
 Chap. 11Y. Xerxes arrives at Sardis. — ovtoi, these, the sons of the 
 Thracian, mentioned in the omitted chapter. — tov iropov : cf. tov iropov tt)s 
 8ia(3d<rios ch. 115. — t&s o"x- .... evTCTajxivas (Ivteivco). As the bridges 
 over the Hellespont were made of rafts or pontoons (crxeSiai) secured by 
 cables, Hd. says either crxeStai 4vT€Tap.€vai, or -yecfyupai IvTeTap-evai. — 
 ovSiva. Koo-jxov : adv. ace. with Ipva-nr- : the dat. would be more comm. : 
 filling themselves immoderately (lit. with no moderation). — I/Sara ; note the 
 plur., frequent in Greek, where we use the sing. : changing (their) water. 
 
 I cannot but hope the student may have both the leisure and the incli- 
 nation to continue the reading of this interesting narrative, either in He- 
 rodutus, or in some one of the English histories of Greece to which he may 
 have access, that of Thirl wall, or of Grote, or of Curtius, or in Kawlin son's 
 translation of Herodotus. 
 
THUCYDIDES I. 65 
 
 NOTES ON" SELECTIONS FROM THE FIEST BOOK 
 OF THUCYDIDES. 
 
 For the life and writings of Thucydides, see Classical Dictionary. 
 
 SUBJECT OP BOOK I. — Causes which led to the Pelopounesian 
 
 War. 
 
 Chap. 22* 6cra, as many things as, ivhatever, obj. of ctrrov. — X6"Ya>, in 
 debate. — el-troy ^kcio-toi, they (indefinite, meaning the parties about to en- 
 gage in war) each, or they severally said. *— 4] p-eXXov-res iro\€[JLT|<reiv, either 
 when about to engage in war. Notice here the fut. infin. with pe'XXco, which 
 takes either the pres. or the fut. It is difficult to distinguish between the 
 two in rendering into English. G. Moods and Tenses, § 25, 2, Note 1. — 
 ev avT<5, i. e. Iv t<j> TroXepeiv. — x a ^- €7rov • • • • fy, it was difficult to retain 
 in memory. — ri\v aKpl(3€iav auTTjv : lit. the exactness itself, i. e. the exact 
 form, etc., obj. of 8iapvT}pov€vo-ai. — epot re wv (obj. of ^kovo-o,, attracted 
 to the gen. by the omitted antecedent. G. § 153, Note 1 ; H. 808 ; 810 ; 
 S. Gr. 552 ; 554) : both for me (it was difficult to remember the exact form 
 of) those things which, etc. — tois goes with &7rayyeX\ov<ri.v (particip.), and 
 (difficult)^;- those making report, etc. — ws, as; correl. of ovtws below. — 
 &v belongs, not with cSokovv, but with clireiv. H. 783, Rem. c ; S. Gr. 
 519, a ; G. § 211. — a>s .... elireiv, but as they severally seemed to me that 
 they would speak, etc. ; or, as it seemed to me that they severally would speak, 
 etc. H. 777 ; S. Gr. 537. — aei, on each occasion. — pdXi<rra : join with 
 to. Sg'ovra, the things most necessary, obj. of climv. — Ixopevcp agrees with 
 Ipoi : takes the gen. ttjs .... -yvw^s. H. 574, b ; S. Gr. 417, d ; G. 
 § 171 : keeping as near as possible to the general sense of those things actually 
 said. — ovtws el'pTjTCH : lit. thus it has been spoken, i. e. thus (on these prin- 
 ciples) I have composed my narrative of what was spoken. — 2. tu, 8' ep-ya ktI. 
 is contrasted by 8e with the foregoing, introduced by pev : but of those things 
 done in the war, I have thought it proper to describe the facts, etc. ; or, as it is 
 often rendered, but the actual facts in the war (in distinction from what was 
 said in debate) / have thought it proper to describe, etc. — ovk, connect with 
 Trvv0av6p.€vos. — dXX' ols re ktI., but (I have thought it proper to describe) 
 both those (occurences) at which I myself was present, and (those facts com- 
 municated) by the other (observers) after having made investigation (eire^eXGwv) 
 as far as possible with accuracy, etc. — 3. imirdvoas 8e €vpicrK€TO (impers.) : 
 lit. and it was found out laboriously, i. e. and the investigation was laborious. — 
 dXX 5 ws iKcvrtpwv ktI., lit. but (they made report) as in respect to favor towards 
 each of the palsies, or in respect to memory, any one might be (2\oi might have 
 himself) : i. e. according as any one (who brought a report) was prejudiced in 
 favor of either of the two parties, or was gifted with accurate memory : €Kare- 
 5 
 
66 NOTES. 
 
 pwv, objective gen. with eivolas. H. 565 ; S. Gr. 409 ; G. § 167, 3 : 
 cvvoias and p-v/jp/qs, with <os, as adv. of manner. H. 589 ; S. Gr. 427, b c ; 
 G. § 168, N. 3. Cf. Herod. Book VIII., ch. 107, «s to^os €% Macros. 
 — 4. to jx-fj [JLv0(38cs. Observe the negative is expressed by y.i\ : G. § 283, 
 5 ; H. 832 ; S. Gr. 569. — avrwv limits to p.-?) p.v0a>8es, is in the neut. 
 gender. Cf. below avT<x. The non-legendary form of them (the toL £p*ya, or 
 the narrative of the to. ^pYa). Freely rendered, And, perhaps, to the ear 
 (lit. for hearing), the non-legendary {form) of my narrative will appear less 
 pleasing ; allusion being made to the earlier historic writers, who had drawn 
 their materials far more largely from the legendary period. In contrast 
 with these, the plain, matter-of-fact narrative of Thucydides might appear 
 tame. — oVoi 84. Note the contrast of this sentence with the preceding, 
 through piv . . . . 8e. — to cage's, obj. of o-kott€iv, which depends on 
 PovXifjcrovTai. — tov ^evop-e'vtov, and t<3v p.e\\dvTa>v .... ?o-€o-8ai limit 
 to o-acpe's : to examine that ivhich is clear, both of the past, and of those events 
 which are about to trunspire at some time again, (which events will be) in all 
 human probability such (as the past) or similar (to the past), team to dv8pw- 
 ireuov, lit. according to that which is human, toiovtodv koA impair- : note this 
 use of Kai, lit. such and similar. We more naturally say, such or, etc. This 
 use of Kat, rendered or, is distinctly recognized by Pape, but overlooked by 
 Lid. and Sc. — Kptvciv takes for its subj. the antecedent (not expressed) of 
 oo~oi ; that these persons (as many as shall wish, etc.) judge my work (avTa) (to 
 be) useful: this clause is subj. of dpKovvTcos t'fjei, will be satisfactory (to me). 
 "If Thucyd. had revised this sentence, he certainly would have improved 
 it." Kriig. Perhaps ! — KT-fjp-a .... aYwvicrp.a : it (my work, avTa) is 
 composed as a possession for always (or for aye) rather than, etc. Is to ... . 
 CLKOueiv, for momentary hearing. 
 
 We have in this chapter a concise and distinct statement of the historic 
 principles on which Thucyd. composed his work, and also of his aim. No 
 intelligent reader will fail to discover in it an independent and original 
 mind. We find here the true object of all our studies in history. 
 
 Chap. 23. irpoTepcv, adv. in form : has the attributive position, hence 
 used as adj. — to MtjSikov, sc. 2p"yov, the Median (affair), i. e. the Median 
 war, — the name used in Thucyd., yet commonly known as the Persian war. 
 Lit. The Median (work) was performed (or was achieved) greatest of the former 
 works; i. e. the Persian war was the greatest of the former events,— a common form 
 of solecism in Greek, found also in English literature. Instead of this, we 
 should oftener say, greater than any of the former, etc. — 6p.<o$, nevertheless ; 
 not to be confounded with 6p.oiws. — Svoiv. Notice the numeral with the 
 dual number. — vavp.axto.iv and ir€£op.axiaiv are by many called gen., 
 limiting Kpio-iv. Why not dat. of manner or means ? had its termination 
 (or its decision) speedily in two naval and two land battles. Ta\€iav, adj. quali- 
 fying Kpio-iv, has the predicate position, and is most easily rendered as adv. 
 The naval engagements at Artemisium and at Salamis (480 B. c.) are usu- 
 ally thought to be meant ; and the land battles of Thermopylae, called also 
 Pylae (480 B. c), and Plataea (479 b. a), since by these engagements the 
 
THUCYDIDES I. 67 
 
 Persians were defeated and driven from Greece. Yet Kriiger thinks KpCo-iv 
 points to the very conclusion of the war, and understands by the former 
 word the battle of Salamis and the naval engagement at Mykale ; by the 
 latter word, the battle of Plataea, and the land engagement at Mykale, 
 which was a continuation of the naval engagement, and which took place 
 the same day as the battle of Plataea (479 b. c). The opinion of Kriig. does 
 not seem to me so probable. — tovtov tov iroXe'pov : the war which Thucyd. 
 is about to describe, called by the Athenians the Peloponnesian war. — 
 p-qKos : notice the omission of the article : H. 530, c ; S. Gr. 379. But 
 {the) length of this war went forward (being) great; more freely, bat the length 
 of this war was greatly protracted : Te . . . . ri, sometimes rendered not only 
 . ... but also ; these English connectives, however, are too unwieldy, and 
 hence the rendering of the former ri may often better be omitted. — £wt|- 
 vex^T : Lex. <rup<]>epco, II. 2. Notice in Thucyd. |vv for <rvv. — Iv civtw, 
 in it, i. e. in this war. ttj 'EXXdSi limits -yeve'o-Gcu, happened to arise .... 
 to Greece. — ota oi&x ^repa (agrees with 7ra0T|paTa) : lit. suck as not others, 
 i. e. such as (are) without parallel. — 2. ovtc -yap kt4.: keep in mind iv I'crw 
 Xpovw : for neither were so many cities (ever in an equal time), etc. — Tjprj- 
 pwOncrav : Ip^pdw. — crcjxov qvtov: reflexive. For though the grammatical 
 subj. is irdXas, yet the leading subj. in the mind of the writer is, Athenians 
 and Peloponnesians, by themselves warring against (each other). — elcrl 8e at : 
 H. 812 ; S. Gr. 556 ; G. § 152, Note 2 : a) id some (cities) even, etc. — oirre 
 (correlative of o#r€ above), nor. — k<xI (too-oVSc) <po v °S> and (so much) 
 slaughter, i. e. so much destruction of human life : 6 pev . . . . 6 Se, partly 
 .... partly (lit. the one slaughter . ... the other slaughter) : H. 525, a ; 
 S. Gr. 375, a ; G. § 143. — 3. olkotJ pev Xe-ydpsva, '4py<a 8e . . . . (3ef3cHOx>- 
 peva, related on hearsay, but more rarely confirmed by fact. — ovk : notice its 
 position, before airia-ra : became established (as) not incredible. — o-eio-pwv T€ 
 irepi (G. § 23, 2 ; H. 102, b ; S. Gr. 63), both (those things) concerning earth- 
 quakes, etc. — en-l .... Iirecrxov (lire'xo)), extended over a very considerable 
 portion, etc. — upa often serves to connect more closely two clauses united 
 by kcu, and is often more conveniently rendered with the second clause, 
 thus : and, at the same time, the. same were (iirecrxov) most severe; or, more 
 freely, and at the same time also were, etc. Notice the omission of the 
 article with -yfjs. H. 530, b ; S. Gr. 379, c. — €KXetv|/€is, sc. fjcrav, or per- 
 haps KaT€o-TT^(rav, fr. KaTco-fq : and there were, etc. One might expect 
 here irepl with the gen., corresponding to o-eio-pwv irepi : but tjXiov just 
 preceding may have led to the use of the nom. The two clauses are con- 
 nected by re . . . . ri. — iruKvorepcu irapd kt!.: lit. more frequently in com- 
 parison with, i. e. more frequently than, etc. — avxpol .... pe-ydXoi : same 
 const, with ei<Xeu|/€i$. — &ttl imp' ols : cf. note and gram, reference on 
 €i(rl . . . . at : and among some (peoples) there were great droughts; a-urcov 
 refers to avxpoi. — kcu tj . . . . voo-os, and that which inflicUd not a little 
 damage and destroyed a certain part, (of the inhabitants), (was) the pestilential 
 disease, i. e. the plague, described in the second book of Thucyd. — ovx 
 ^KtcrTa : an instance of litotes. H. 665 ; S. Gr. 455. Classen takes pepos 
 
68 NOTES. 
 
 ti as adv. ace. and in some part, or in some measure brought destruction. I 
 question whether a Greek would understand 4>6e£pa<ra, aor. act., in this 
 way: i. e. as intrans. — £weire0eTo (criiv, eirl, Ti0r.p.i), set themselves on to- 
 gether, i. e. attacked (the inhabitants) together: £uve'pr|(rav, above, means 
 simply came together, occurred, happened: Kareo-TTj, became established. — 
 
 4. avToii refers to iroXe'p.ov, depends on ^p^avTO, began it, etc. — j A0tjvcuoi 
 Kal IleX- : notice the omission of the article. H. 530, a ; S. Gr. 379, b. 
 — Xvo-avres : the means or manner. H. 789, b ; S. Gr. 540 ; G. § 277, 2. 
 And the Ath. and Pel. began it by breaking, etc. — jxcto, .... dXaxriv : after 
 (the) taking of Euboea (by Pericles in 445 b. c). Notice the omission of 
 ttjv before dXwtriv, something as we may say, after Euboea 's reduction. — 
 
 5. irpo- irpwTov : usu. understood as an emphatic pleonasm, though not 
 easily rendered : and why they broke (the treaty), I have in the first place 
 described the reasons, etc. — vov tr\Ti\<ra\ : H. 781, a ; S. Gr. 429, b ; G. 
 § 264 : "Gen. of cause or motive." That no one may ever search, from what 
 cause, i. e. that no one may ever be at a loss ; may ever be under any necessity 
 of searching. — 6. ttjv p.ev "yap .... Xd-ya), predicate : toiis 5 A0T|va(,ovs 
 fie-yaXous .... iroXejaeiv, subject : the copula is not expressed. The 
 pred. stands first for emphasis, and takes the article (contrary to the gen- 
 eral rule. H. 535 ; S. Gr. 381). For, the truest occasion {of the ivar), but 
 (the one) least apparent in debate, I consider (to have been the fact) that the 
 Athenians, by becoming great, and by inspiring fear in the Lacedaemonians } 
 forced (them), etc., or, inverting this order, / consider (the fact) that the 
 Athenians, by becoming great, etc., forced them into the war, (to have been) the 
 truest occasion (of the war), but, etc. — 8e : correlative with jxev after tx\v : in- 
 troduces the alleged causes of the war, in opposition to the real cause. — Is 
 to 4>avep6v : nearly equivalent to <|>&vepws, openly, yet expressing the idea 
 of motion, coming forward into that which is open and plain. — iKa/repcov 
 seems from its position to' be pred. gen. (partitive) with fjo-av. H. 572 ; 
 S. Gr. 415 ; G. § 169 : lit. the following (ai'Se) openly alleged causes were of 
 each of the two parties, or, more freely rendered, the causes openly alleged by 
 each of the parties, from which, etc., were as follows. 
 
 Chap. 24. Before entering on the events of the Avar itself, the histo- 
 rian rehearses the causes which led to it, and first among these were the 
 troubles which arose at Epidamnus. 
 
 1. 'EirlSajAvos : called by the Eomans Dyrrachium ; by the Italians, 
 Durazzo. Notice the omission of the article. H. 530, a ; S. Gr. 379, b ; 
 G. § 141, Note 1, a. — IcrirXecvTt : H. 601, a; S. Gr. 437 ; G. § 184, 5: 
 with respect to (one) sailing into, etc. It belongs rather to the whole clause 
 preceding than to any one word : may be rendered freely, on the right of one 
 sailing into, etc. — tov .... koXttov (depends on 4s in compos. The prep. 
 is usu. repeated before the noun) : the Ionian gulf the name in Thucyd., used 
 also in Herod., for the Adriatic ('A8ptas). — avTf^v, obj. of irpoo-oiKovo-i 
 (only here with the ace; elsewhere in Thucyd. without any case as obj.; 
 in other Attic writers, often with the dat.), inhabit it. — 20vos, appos. with 
 fSdpj3apoi. — dirwKi.o-av, diroiK^w. — 2. -ye'vos, ace. of specif. — t»v d<J>' 
 
THUCYDIDES I. . 69 
 
 'HpaK-, of those from Hercules, i. e. (one) of the Heraclidae ; depends on #a- 
 Xios. — 8t|, used here, as elsewhere, to introduce an explanatory clause : 
 render, in accordance, no doubt, with the ancient law, etc. — p/^TpoTroXews. 
 Corinth was the mother city of Corcyra. — KaTaxX-qGeis : Ka/raKaXcG), a 
 very rare word. — 4. crracruxo-avTcs .... l<j>8dpTj<rav (<j>0etpco), sc. 01 
 'EmSdpvioi. — ttjs iroXXfjs : H. 559, e ; S. Gr. 403, c ; G. § 168, Note 1, 
 of the greater part (lit. of the much) of their power. — 5. to, TgXevTaia : neut. 
 plur. adj., used as adv. As distinguished from to TtXcvTcuov, it denotes 
 several particulars ; thus, in the final events before this war (the Pelopon- 
 nesian war). — 6 8t]jxos, the people, the democracy : tovs Swotovs, the power- 
 ful, i. e. the aristocracy = tovs 6Xl\ovs, the few, the oligarchy : frequent party 
 designations. — 6. Ittic'^ovto : me£a>. — a>s . . . . ovVav : on the ground that 
 it was, etc. Corinth, not Epidamnus, is above spoken of as the mother 
 city, and as having on this account furnished the leader of the colony 
 (oIklo-tt|S, sometimes rendered oekist). — n^TpoiroXiv, a mother city. Notice 
 the omission of the article here : expressed above Ik ttjs p ,T l T ~> from the, etc. 
 
 — cr<j>ds : indirect reflexive. H. 671, a ; S. Gr. 459, b ; G. § 144, 2 : en- 
 treating (the Corcyraeans) not to neglect them (the Epidamnians), while perish- 
 ing. — tovs <j>€v-yovTas, the fugitives, the exiles, i. e. the aristocracy (tovs 
 Swotovs) that had been driven out from Epidamnus. — ircpiop&v .... 
 £vvaXXd£ai .... KcvraXvo-ai. Difference in force between the present 
 and aorist infinitive ? H. 716, a ; S. Gr. 486 ; G. § 202, 1. ^ ircpiopav, 
 habitual, permanent, for all the future : |woAXd|ai, KaraXvo-ai, a single, 
 decisive act. — 7. ikctch : appos. with the subj. of eSe'ovTO : and, as suppli- 
 ants, etc. (As subj., it would be oi Ikctcu.) — Tb'Hpcuov : so Boeh. Class. 
 Pop. ; but Kriig. et al. write 'Hpatov : the Heraeum, the sanctuary of Hera. 
 
 — dirpdicrovs, sc. avTovs, them, i. e. the Epidamnians. 
 
 Chap. 25. ovVav : supplement, particip. H. 796 ff ; S. Gr. 545 ; G. 
 § 279, that there was no help, etc. Tip.«pia in the sense help is unusual in 
 other Attic writers, but not unfrequent in Thucyd. — Iv diropw cI'xovto, were 
 (had themselves) in perplexity . were at a loss: 0eo-0ai to Trapdv, (how) to settle 
 the present (difficulty). — 6irr)povTO (em, rjp6|AT]v) : used as aor. of eirepwTdw. 
 
 — iroi€io-0ai, to make for themselves, to obtain. — 6 8e, sc. 6 0€os. — dveiXe 
 (dvatpeco), responded. — r\y^i6vas, sc. avTovs, to make (them, i. e. the Co- 
 rinthians) leaders. — ■ 2. ovto, : cf. ovVav above : that their founder was, etc. 
 
 — 48eovTO |rf| kt4. : cf. ch. 24, 6. — 3. ctvai, was (the property of), belonged 
 to. — &p.a 8e kclI, and at the same time also : correl. of Te above. — p.io-€i, dat. 
 of cause with vireSei-avTO, out of hatred to, etc. — avTcov, i. e. twv Kopiv- 
 QC<av : TraptifieXovv 6vt€s &ttoikoi, sc. ol KepKvpatoi. — 4. ovtc yap kt!.: a 
 construction on which the commentators are not agreed : Class, and Kriig. 
 think the construction incomplete. Poppo and Boehme repeat irapT\\ii- 
 Xovv, understanding -yap as introducing illustrations of the foregoing. It 
 might then be rendered : For instance, (they neglected them) in not giving at 
 the public festivals, etc. It is not certain whether the Grecian games (Olym- 
 pic, Nemean, etc.) are here meant, or simply festivals that were common 
 to Corcyra and Corinth. — \€pa tol vop.., lit. honors those which are customary, 
 
70 - NOTES. 
 
 i. e. the customary honors (such as the front seats ; perhaps, also, presents 
 of various kinds). — oure .... Upwv : and not beginning the sacrifices for 
 (the benefit of) a Corinthian man : i. e. not imparting to a Corinthian man the 
 first (i. e. the best) portions of the sacrifices. Such seems to be the most 
 natural interpretation of this clause, on which there has been much differ- 
 ence of opinion. — airovs : i. e. the Corinthians. — \pt]\ia.TOiv 8wdpa, in 
 abundance of money, in financial ability. — ojxoia, adv ; , on an equal footing 
 with, equal to: tols .... ivkov-, dat. with a word of likeness. — kclI ttj 
 . . . . Swaxc&Tepci., and, in their preparation for war, more powerful: "More 
 powerful " than whom ? — than "the wealthiest of the Greeks," is the nat- 
 ural way of filling out the ellipsis. Some critics, thinking this statement 
 too strong, read, ' ' more powerful than the Corinthians " ; but this seems 
 forced in the grammatical construction, and unnecessary for truthfulness 
 of statement. — vain-nceo .... eTrcupopevoi, and sometimes being puffed up 
 on account of their naval superiority : more literally, and sometimes being puffed 
 up in respect to the fact that they excelled even much in (their) navy : '£<niv 8t€, 
 H. 812 ; S. Gr. 556 ; G. § 152, Note 2 : irpoe'x^v, infill . as ace. of specif. 
 ■ — Kal .... va€s, also (being puffed up) in view of the former occupation of 
 Corcyra by the Phaeacians, who had renown in those things relating to ships : 
 4>aid.Kwv .... KcpKiipas, two genitives with one subst. (-n-poevoiKTjcriv). 
 The Phaeacians, who figure prominently in the Odyssey of Horn., were 
 thought to have been the early inhabitants of Corcyra. — 'ft/or which reason, 
 wherefore. 
 
 Chap. 26. ndvrwv tovtcov : Gen. of cause. H. 566 ; 577, b ; S. Gr. 
 410 ; 420 ; G. § 173, 2. It depends on the combined idea eYK\T|p.aTa 
 ^X°vt€s. — ^irep-irov : notice the force of the imperf., denoting the action 
 in its continuance. "Verbs meaning, to send, to say, to command, are often 
 used in the imperf., where the aor. would seem to us more natural." 
 Boeh. We may here render girepirov they proceeded to send, or simply, they 
 sent. — olKT|Topa .... KeXcuovres : bidding any one who wished (lit. the one 
 wishing) to go as colonist. — koI^ . . . . eppoiipovs. This clause is in the 
 same const, with the preceding ; the conjunctions re ... . teat binding 
 them closely together: and bidding guards of, etc., to go. — 2. 8e€i (Se'os), 
 from fear of, etc. By a prolepsis twv KepKvpauov is made prominent in 
 the thought. — jxtj . . . . c.{jtc3v : lest they (the colonists with the guards) 
 be hindered by them (the Corey raeans). Without prolepsis, it would be, 8&i 
 p.*'] KwXvwvTtu into t(3v KepKvpoiwv. — 3. f]KOVTas : supplement, particip. : 
 pres. in form, perf. in meaning. H. 698 ; S. Gr. 475, a ; G. § 200, Note 
 3 : is dependent on a verb of past tense, hence rendered as pluperf., had 
 come, had arrived: so also SeSopiv^v, had been given. — vcukti : const.? H. 
 604 ; S. Gr. 438, c; G. § 1S8, 5. — toi»s Sivyovras, obj. of 8e'xeo"6ai. — 
 kcit' cinfjpaiav, join with tKiXevov : insultingly ordered. — avTOvs (i. e. the 
 Epidamnians), obj. of bxiXtvov. — rdepovs, (the) graves (of their ancestors). 
 These were pointed out in proof of their relationship to the Corcyraeans. — 
 cripas, obj. of Kard-yeiv : an indirect reflexive. H. 671, a ; S. Gr. 459 ; G. 
 § 1 44, 2, they entreated (the Corcyraeans) to restore them. — tovs T€ <ppovpovs 
 
THUCYDIDES I. 71 
 
 .... diroir£|xir€iv : same const, with tovs t€ tpeifyovTas .... 8e*x€<r0cH, 
 as is indicated by the correlatives rk . . . . ri: both to receive the fugi- 
 tives .... and to send away, etc. — 4. ovSev cun-«v t>irT|Kovcrav, listened 
 to them in no respect. Kriig., CI., and others understand ciutojv as neuter, 
 listened to these things in no respect. For this idea, however, I should ex- 
 pect TovTwv (as in ch. 29, 1), and not civtwv. — a>s Ka/rdgovTes, as if 
 to restore {them, i. e. the exiles). — 5. dme'vai : fut. in meaning: pro- 
 claimed that any one of the Epidamnians who wished .... might go [was 
 about to go) away unharmed. — xpT|(reo-Gai depends on irpoetiTov : both 
 have the same subject : that they would treat (them, i. e. those who did 
 not leave the city) as enemies. — 'icrri .... \iapiov, and the place is, etc. 
 For this reason it was the more easily besieged by the Corcyraeans with 
 their fleet. 
 
 Chap. 27". a>s civ-rots .... fiyyeXoi #ti, as messengers came from Epi- 
 damnus (reporting) to them that, etc. aureus is not to be joined with ijXOov, 
 as a dat. with a verb of motion : dyyeXoi contains the verbal idea reporting, 
 announcing, hence the dat. atiTois, and the declarative conj. 8ti. — iroXiop- 
 kovvtcu : subj. oi 'EmSdixvioi ; but, with the Epidamnians, it must be 
 recollected that the colonists and guards from Corinth were also included. 
 For the const, of TroXiopicoiivTCH, see H. 734 ff j S. Gr. 502 ff; G. § 242.— 
 irap€<TK€vd£ovTO .... eKT|pu(r<rov : notice again the impf. Cf. eVep/irov, 
 26, 1. — diroiKiav : obj. of €KT|pvo-o-ov, which takes also as an obj. the 
 clause tov Poi>Xd|A€vov le'vcu : proclaimed a colony (signifying) that any one 
 who wished (might) go, etc. eirl rfj I'ottj ko.1 6p.oia : these two words are 
 often joined together (T<ros denoting quantity ; tffioios, quality. Kr. ) : on 
 an equal and like (footing). The repetition of similar terms resembles our 
 usage in law documents. — irapavriKa : not seldom with the neut. article. 
 — el . . . . IGe'Xoi .... (BovXctcu : notice the difference of mode : but if 
 any one should not decide .... but wishes, etc. — KaraQivra .... [j-e'veiv : 
 this clause also is dependent on eKTjpvo-o-ov : that he might remain (at home) 
 by paying, etc. — 8paxp.ds KopivGtas. The Corinthian drachma was the 
 same as the Aeginetan, and contained 10 Attic oboli, while the Attic 
 drachma contained but 6 oboli. Thus the ratio of the former to the latter 
 was as 5 to 3. — ol irXe'ovTes. The careless scholar may confound this with 
 ot irXe'oves. — ttoXXoi : pred. with both clauses introduced by kg.1 .... 
 Ktu. — Ka,Ta(3dXXovT€S : same sense as KctTaGevTa. — 2. £up.Trpoir€'p,\|/€i.v, to 
 join in convoying them. Notice the fut. infin. denoting an impending prob- 
 ability : also the force of &pa after el : if, as might be expected. — oi 8e : and 
 they (i. e. the Megarians). — avrois, with guv in compos. — IlaX^s . . . . 
 'Epfjiiovfjs : for the ending, see H. 190, d ; S. Gr. 104, e ; G. § 53, 3, Note 
 2. — fiTTjo-av with two accusatives. H. 553; S. Gr. 398; G. §164.— 
 'HXetous, sc. fi'T-qo-av. Why they asked of the Eleans empty ships, i. e. 
 ships without men, is not suggested by Thucyd., and is not, Poppo remarks, 
 apparent. The suggestion, that they had not the seamen to man their 
 own ships, or that they sought to avoid, by such means, violating their 
 neutrality, is not altogether plausible. 
 
72 ' NOTES. 
 
 Chap. 28. ovs irapeXaPov, whom they took as coadjutors. The Corin- 
 thian? would be especially influenced by envoys from Sicyou and Lace- 
 daemon. — p-e-rov (particip. fr. p-eTeiui) : ace. abs. H. 792 ; S. Gr. 544 ; G. 
 § 278, 2 : on the ground that they had no share in Epidamnus. — 2. el ... . 
 dvTiiroiovvTai : sc. 'EttiS&ijivov, but if they (the Corinthians) lay any claim 
 (to Epidamnus). — Sikus .... Sovvai : they (the Corcyraeaus) were willing 
 to grant legal measures, i. e. were willing to submit the question to arbitration. — 
 cus .... £v[ijHtt)o-iv is understood as a brief expression for Trap' als . . . . 
 £up.pa><riv SiKas 8owcu : with which both parties should agree (to submit the 
 question for arbitration) . — tovtous Kpareiv depends on f,6eXov above: that 
 these should hold possession (of it). — Notice the repetition and emphatic po- 
 sition of TjOeXov ; thus showing more clearly the desire of the Corcyraeans 
 for a peaceful settlement of the difficulties. — 3. eiwv : law. — -Troieiv. 
 Mark the force of the pres. iniin. (cf. Kpareiv above), as distinguished from 
 the aor. €iriTp€x|/ai : also the difference between the act. and mid. iroieiv 
 and iroi€io-9cu. — cl Se p.T| : lit. but if not, i. e. if the Corinthians do not 
 consent to the terms proposed by the Corcyraeans. el 8e jx-q is often ren- 
 dered, otherwise, or, if otherwise. H. 754, b; S. Gr. 520, d. — atrrol belongs 
 as intens. pron. with the subj. of the infin. (that they themselves also would be 
 compelled, etc) Why nominative ? H. 775 ; S. Gr. 536, b ; G. § 136, 
 Note. 2. — CKeivcov (sc. t<wv KopivOiwv) fka£ojj.€va>v, should the Corinthians 
 resold to force. — Ire'povs .... p.dXXov, others rather than those now being 
 (friends), — an intimation which the Corinthians would readily understand, 
 that they should seek an alliance with the Athenians, who w*ere not Do- 
 rians, but Ionians. — w^eXlas ev€Ka : emphatic posit.- — 4. PouXevio-ea-Gai 
 depends on direKpivavTO, and has the same subj. — irporepov 8e, but sooner, 
 i. e. sooner than the Corcyraeans should withdraw the ships and foreigners 
 from Epidamnus. — ov KaXws £x av » ^ a ^ ^ was not we ^ > depends also on 
 diT€KpivavTO. — tovs uev .... ayTovs 8e . . . . : that those ( who were in 
 Epidamnus) . . . . , while they themselves (Corinthians and Corcyraeans), 
 etc. — 5. cToiuoi (notice the accent in Thucyd.; usually ^toijxos) 8e elvcu : 
 cf. note on avroi, above. — wo-t« kt4., a new proposition, hence introduced 
 by kcu also ; and that they were willing also that both parties remain in (their 
 present) position. Notice the peculiar use of eToip.oi, ready, contented, willing. 
 o-Trov8ds, obj. of iroiT)crao-0ai. — ^cos .... "ye'vT]TCH : until justice (by the 
 arbitration ) should be obtained ; or, until the cause should be decided. For the 
 subjunc. here, see H. 735 ff ; S. Gr. 503 ff ; G. § 247. For the force of 
 &v with the aor. subjunc, see H. 760 ; S. Gr. 515, b. Lit. until the cause 
 shall have been, etc 
 
 Chap. 29. totjtwv : cf. avrwv, ch. 26, 4, note. — irX-qpeis, full, i. e. 
 when spoken of ships, jully manned. — TrpoTre'p.\{/avT€S .... irpdxepov: not 
 pleonastic : having sent forward previously. — irpoepovvTO. (Lex. irpoepea), to, 
 as fut.), to declare : agrees with KT|pwa. — apavTes : ai'pw. — 2. !o-Tpcn-T|"y€i 
 agrees with the nearest subject, and is understood with the others. H. 511, 
 h ; S. Gr. 361, h ; G. § 135, Note 1. — 3. direpovvTa (d7ro«{jT|p.t, f. direpo), 
 kt€.) agrees with KTjpvKa. — <r<J>ds : indirect reflexive : refers to KepKvpaiou 
 
TIIUCYDIDES I. 73 
 
 — c-ir\T]povv : closely connected (by tc . . . . kcii) to irpoeircpAJ/av. Notice 
 the change of tense. Difference in force ? — £€ii£avT€s. The most probable 
 meaning seems to be, having braced with pieces of timber. So in substance 
 Boeh., CI., Kriig., Pop. The rendering, having undergirded with ropes, 
 seems to me less probable in itself, and less naturally drawn from the word 
 ^evYvupw — 4. iTreTrXTipwvTO : TrXrjpow. — Teo-crapaKovTa "yap ktI. is thrown 
 in with the previous statement, at the end of ch. 25, in view. — 5. irapd 
 iroXv, by much, or by far. — irapa(rTi]o-ao-0ai : trans, with tovs .... tto- 
 XioptcovvTas as subj. and T-qv 'EirlSapvov understood as obj.; forced [the 
 city) to a capitulation (o}ioXo"yla.). — wcrre .... diro8do-0cu, ivith the condi- 
 tion that they sell, etc. tovs en--, obj. — KopivOiovs: obj. both of 8r|<ravTa.s 
 and of ?x €tv : out: ina ^ ^ e #> having bound the Corinthians, hold {them) : more 
 freely, but that they hold the Corinthians in custody, until, etc. 
 
 Chap. 30. AevKippr) : the southeast promontory of Corcyra, now 
 called Leukimo, or, with the modern Greek pronunciation, Levkimo. — ■ 
 ovs 2Xa,p<>v alx~, ivhom they had taken prisoners (in the naval battle) : not to 
 be confounded with the prisoners taken at Epidamnus. Respecting the 
 former, there was no treaty, and hence, in putting them to death, no viola- 
 tion of existing engagements, nor any violation of the usages in war at that 
 time. — 2. T)or<ri]p.€vot : Tjo-o-dopcu. Notice <r<r in Thucyd. instead of the 
 more usual Attic tt. — reus vawriv : joined with the particip. preceding, 
 a dat. of respect : with the verb following, a dat. of accompaniment : with- 
 drew with their ships. — ttjs kclt' iKeiva to. x^P^ defines more exactly xfjs 
 GaX- air-, all the sea, which bordered on those regions. — ot Kepicupouoi (subj. 
 of tKpaTovv) : emphat. posit. — tt]s "yqs : partit. gen. : frequent with 
 t€|jlv&) : they ravaged a part of the territory. — ■- eveirpTjo-av : €(iiriirpT|(jLi. — 
 irape'o-xov : they (i. e. the Eleans) had furnished. Cf. ch. 27, 2. — 3. tov 
 irXeiorov : for the gender of the partitive, see H. 559, e ; S. Gr. 403, c ; 
 G. § 168, Note 1. — eireKparouv : IrnKpaTew. — fu'xpi (notice p-€xpt before 
 a vowel) ov, until (lit. up to the point of time in which). — irepiovTi (ircpt, 
 clju) t<3 0€pei, in the (part of the) summer remaining. Several editors (on the 
 authority of a single MS. ) read irepuovTi (irept, etjxi) tu Ge'pei, when the sum- 
 mer was about to come round, i. e. as the summer ivas drawing to a close. The 
 critical authorities seem to be about equally divided. The idea, at the close 
 of summer, is involved in both expressions. — €irel <rtp<3v : since for them, etc. : 
 criJNuv has an emphatic position, and is understood as belonging, not simply 
 to ot £i3[j.|iaxoi, but to the whole phrase, as causal gen. — <jn>XaKfjs 2veK<x : 
 for a guarding of, etc., i. e. more freely, for the protection of, etc. — <r<J>io-i 
 and above o-<p&;v, indirect reflexives. In ordinary Attic prose, avrois would 
 stand here, and avrwv above. — 4. to Ge'pos tovto, through this summer (i. e. 
 the portion of it still remaining) : x^p-wvos ^St], when it was already winter. 
 The ace. duration of time : the gen. time within which, the partitive rela- 
 tion. Notice Th. does not speak of the autumn. So, frequently, the mili- 
 tary year is divided into two seasons, summer and winter, or, the hot 
 season and the stormy season. Difference between licdTepoi and foao-Toi, ? 
 between ovSeTepoi and ovSeves ? 
 
74 NOTES. 
 
 Chap. 31. op-yfj <{>€povTes, bearing angrily, or, as some render it, carry- 
 ing on with spirit. ■ The opinions of critics are about equally divided be- 
 tween these two renderings. The usual meaning of op-yf) in Attic Greek 
 favors the former, and so 1 have been in the habit of translating it ; yet it 
 is quite possible that the phrase may contain both ideas. An angry feel- 
 ing would naturally lead to vigorous warlike preparations. — to. Kpario-Ta : 
 adv. with the utmost energy. — epeVas : obj. of d-yelpovres. — |xi<r0w (dat. of 
 means) : imGovres (sc. auTous, i. e. tovs cpe'ras). — 2. kcu rjcrav -yap : rcat 
 goes with £8o£ev below : fjcrav -yap begins a parenthetical clause : and, since 
 they were, etc. — ovSevos with evcnrovSoi, in alliance with no one, etc. — ov8e 
 .... eavrovs : and had not enrolled themselves : notice the mid. with a 
 reflex, pron., and the aor. where we should use the pluperf. — ovtc .... 
 ovre : either . . . . or. — d>s : prep, with tovs 'AG- : used only before names 
 of persons. — |vp.p,(lxovs ■yeve'crGcu, to become allies. One might expect here 
 |v[i(xdxots, agreeing with avrots : yet see H. 776 ; S. Gr. 536, c ; cf. Anab. 
 1, 2, 1. XaPovra. — TrapacrQai, connected by kcU to -yeveVGai, depends on 
 ^8o|ev (as subj.). — 3. Trpeo-JSevo-op-evoi : purpose, to negotiate as envoys (with 
 the Athenians). — '6ir<as |x-f| . . . . "ye'vrjTca : that the Athenian navy might 
 not, after being added to that of the Corcyraeans, become an obstacle to them 
 (cnj>Uri, reflex., referring to ol KopivGwn) : more freely, that the Athenian navy 
 might not be added to that of the Corcyraeans and become, etc. — GecrGai, with 
 tp/n-oSiov : cf. 25, 1. ev dirdpaj Ge'crGai. — 4. KaTao-Tdcrns (what tenses in 
 the act. are 'intrans. ?) IkkXtjo-icis : when an assembly had come to order. — 
 TOidSe, somewhat as follows Observe Th. does not say rdSg, asfo'lotvs. He 
 does not profess to give the exact words of the discussion. Cf. ch. 22. 
 
 The speech of the Corcyraeans extends through ch. 36. The reply of 
 the Corinthians extends through ch. 43. For a clear statement of the 
 argument on both sides, see Grote's History of Greece, Vol. VI. ch. xlvii. ; 
 also Wilkins's Speeches from Thucydides. 
 
 Chap. 4Jr. TotavTa : observe Th. does not say ravra. Cf. note on 
 ToidSe, ch. 31, 4. The historian may himself have been present and lis- 
 tened to this debate, as Grote suggests ; yet he does not profess to report 
 it with verbal accuracy. — kcu 8ts : even a second time: indicating the cau- 
 tion of the Athenians. — ttj p.ev irpoTs'pq. (sc. eKKX^crta) . . . . kv 8e ttj 
 vcrrepaia. Notice h with the latter expression ; not with the former, 
 which comes under the rule of dat. of time. — ov\ f,crcrov : not Uss, i. e. 
 with not less favor : usually taken as an instance of litotes, the writer im- 
 plying that they were even more inclined to receive the arguments of the 
 Corinthians. — p-eTeyvwcrav (force of p.€Ta in compos.?) . . . . p.-f| iroiTj- 
 crao-Gcu : notice the conciseness of the expression : they changed their minds 
 (and decided) not to make a full alliance (offensive and defensive). — toi>s 
 .... <j>tXous : the same persons enemies and friends (sc. whom the Corcy- 
 raeans considered enemies and friends). — el yap : for (in that case) if, etc. 
 el ... . eKe'Xevov .... eXvovr' &v. Force of this form of cond. sen- 
 tence? H. 746 ; S. Gr. 514 ; G. § 222. As obj. of eKc'Xevov, understand 
 tovs 'AGtjvcu'ovs : <r<J>Uriv with |i>p.- : cu/rots, not same as vir* avTcov, agent 
 
THUCYDIDES I. 75 
 
 or doer; but strictly as dat. on their part, so far as related to them (the Athe- 
 nians). — e-rrifjiaxtav : a defensive alliance. — eiroiT|o-avTo. We might expect 
 here TrotT)a-a<r0cu to correspond with the const, above ; but the parenthet- 
 ical clause leads to a change, from a dependent to an independent state- 
 ment. — ttj 6Xki\ko)v, sc. -yfj or X"P<2- : a ^ ellipsis not uncommon in Th. — 
 2. Kal ws (accented : rare in Att. prose : differs how i'r. <os ?) : even thus 
 (with all their precautions), at all events. — cuitois : is it to be joined with 
 e'SoKei, or with '4<re<rQai ? The position favors the latter : seemed . ... to 
 be impending over them (lit. to be about to be to them). — irpoecrGcu : irpo'(,'T]|u. 
 
 — avTOiis : obj. of £vyKpov€iv : refers both to the Corinthians and Corcy- 
 raeans. — I'va .... Ka0io"TaivTcu contains the motive for the course 
 adopted by the Athenians : that, should it be necessary, they might engage in 
 war both with the Corinthians, etc. : &cr0€vea-T€pois o£<riv (predicate particip. ), 
 emphat. position : agrees with the datives following : it is more naturally 
 rendered at the end of the sentence in English : being weaker : KopivOtois 
 kt4. limits the entire clause es iroXep-ov KaGurTwvTcu, considered as a single 
 idea. — 3. rfjs Te 'iTdXtas ktI. gen. objective with iv -n-apdirXu, in the voy- 
 age to, etc. 
 
 Chap. 45. Th. uses the various expressions ov iroXu vVrepov : vcrrepov 
 ov iroXXw : 6kly<a vo-Tepov, in about the same sense. — 2. avrois, for them, or 
 to them (the Corcyraeans), not as denoting motion, but as dat. of interest. — 
 |3otj0otjs : appos. with vavs. — 3. irpoetirov : subj. ol 'A0T]vaioi. — irXewcn., 
 piXXoxri : subj. ol Kopiv0iot. — $\ 4s twv 4k€ivwv ti xwpiwv. In a few other 
 passages Th. places the indef. tis in a similar way between the art. and 
 noun : Ikcivcdv cannot agree with x«pLov (H. 538 ; S. Gr. 382, d ; G. § 142, 
 4), but depends on twv \<apl<av, which in turn depends on tI : or (unless 
 they sail) against some bne of the places belonging to them (i. e. to the Corcy- 
 raeans). — ovto) 8e KoAveiv ktI., but thus to hinder, etc. Notice the brevity 
 of the expression. More freely rendered, but in that case (i. e. in case they 
 sail towards Corcyra, etc.) (the Athenians ordered the commanders of 
 their ships) to hinder (the attempt), etc. — tov p.i\ Xveiv : gen. depending 
 on eVexa, denoting a purpose. The prep, is often omitted in this sense. 
 H. 781 ; S. Gr. 429, b ; 533 ; G. § 262, to the end that they might not break, etc. 
 
 Chap. 46. av-rois : const.? H. 600 ; S. Gr. 435 ; G. § 188, 3 : irape- 
 o-Kevaa-To, impers. — eirXeov : notice here again the imperf. Cf. girefiirov, 
 ch. 26, 1. — 2. o-Tpa/rq-yoL : without the article, hence pred. : and there 
 were, etc. — Koptv0iwv ktI., sc. o-TpaTq-yds. Notice also the ellipsis of t^v. 
 
 — ire'iiirTos avrds : a frequent and peculiar idiom : may be rendered, with 
 four associates (more lit. himself fifth and chief). — 3. irpocrefit^av Cirpocrp.i- 
 ■yvvpa), with dat. H. 605 ; S. Gr. 439 ; G. § 187. — ko,t& Ke'pK- : opposite, 
 etc. — 6p|il£ovtch (notice the difference between act. and mid., also between 
 opjxl^o) and bp\i£o>) : denotes motion, hence followed by es. We may ren- 
 der it (although not with perfect exactness), they come to anchor at, etc. — 
 4. 'E<|>vpT) : defin. appos. with irdXis. — 7rap' avTTjv, by it, past it (the city 
 Ephyre). — es o.vtt|v, i. e. Xlp.vqv. — ov, i. e. iroTap.ov : '4\ei, subj. Xi(xvtj, 
 a frith, not of water entirely stagnant, as Th. says above e'fjeio-i. — <av Ivtos, 
 
76 NOTES. 
 
 between which (i. e. the two rivers Thyamis and Acheron) : dvexei, rises, juts 
 out. — 5. ttjs qirz'.pov evTavGa : H. 589 ; S. Gr. 427, b ; G. § 182, 2. 
 
 Chap. 4'J'. ciiitcvs (i. e. Kopiv6iox»s) irpotnrXeovTas (supplement, 
 particip.), that they were sailing against (them). Although the reference of 
 avTovs is plain enough in the Greek sentence, yet an English writer would 
 be likely to use here a substantive instead of a pronoun : when they were 
 informed that the Corinthians were sailing, etc. — 2v(2oTa (<r€s, swine, (ioo-xa), 
 to feed) : Sybota, or Swine-pastures. — 2. avTOts, dat. with r\v : notice the 
 peculiar position of avrois. — 6 Trends (also in the form to ire^ov) : the foot- 
 force. Cf. 29, 2 ; 30, 4. — tcivttj, in this region, adv. of place, used as at- 
 tributive of -qireipajTai. — det irore .... cl<riv, Iiave always been, etc. G. 
 § 200, Note 4. 
 
 Chap. 48. irapeo-KaSao-TO with dat. Cf. 46, 1. — rpiwv T)p.€pa>v : gen. 
 of measure. — avrj-yovTO : notice again the iniperf. Cf. 46, 1. Recollect 
 that dvd is spoken regularly of putting out to sea, as well as of going from 
 the coast to the interior : Kara, of approach towards the coast, either from 
 the sea or from the interior, avrj-y- a>s eirt, they put to sea, as if for. — 
 2. irXeovTes KaGopwcrt, while sailing they descry. — irXeovo-as (irXe'to) agrees 
 with vaos. — 3. avTitrapeTao-crovTO : spoken of both parties. — lirl pev to 
 .... vfjes, sc. irapeTdcrcrovTO, suggested hy the preceding verb. It im- 
 plies the idea of motion, hence takes liri with the ace, on the right wing of, 
 etc. — to 8e &XXo .... eTrelxov, but the rest (of the line), they themselves 
 (the Corcyraeans) occupied. — ri\t\ (t«'Xos), divisions. Th. elsewhere uses 
 tc'Xt] for divisions of cavalry, also of infantry. — <av (referring to r(Kr\ ) de- 
 pends on €Kdo-TOu ; c-TpaT7pya>v on els : each of which, one of the three, etc. — • 
 4. KopivOiois Se, but on the side of the Corinthians : dat. of interest in looser 
 relations. — Kara 8« to psVov kt4., verb omitted : but in the centre (were), 
 etc. Notice the frequent use of a>s before &<ao-Tot in Th., each by himself, 
 each in order, severally. — 6"6a>vupov Kepas : article omitted in Greek, but 
 necessary in Eng. , the left wing : ' ' 8g|idv, |xeo-ov, evt&wuov, when used in a 
 military sense, often omit the article. Yet this omission can hardly occur, 
 if either word have a qualifying adjective or clause." Kriig. — Tats apio-Ta 
 .... uXeoiio-ais. So in English ; with the best sailing of, etc. — Kara tovs 
 kt4., over against the, etc. 
 
 Chap. -49. Wvp.p.i|avT€s 8e, And having joined battle. o-vppi-yvvui may 
 also be used of a friendly meeting. — ^p0Tj : al'pco. Kriiger supposes the 
 signals (o-T][xeia) were some kind of banner, supported hy the masts of the 
 ships, and raised or lowered hy means of ropes. — tu iraXcuw Tpdiro kt!., 
 after the ancient manner having still prepared themselves with less skill. This 
 implies that when Th. wrote the passage, some years later, the Greeks had 
 made great improvements in the art of naval warfare. The lack of skill 
 here alluded to consisted chiefly in the large proportion of land forces com- 
 pared with the seamen. — 2. rrj piv . . . . , ir€£op.axia 8£ . . . . oScrct : 
 explains KapTepd : the naval engagement was obstinate, not so much (lit. not 
 equally) by reason of the art (displayed), but because it ivas more nearly like a 
 land battle ; o3o-a, particip. causal. — 3. vivo T€ . . . . kcu .... Trio-Tevovrss 
 
THUCYDIDES I. # 77 
 
 assigns the reason of ov . . . . direXvovro : both on account of the number 
 and press of the ships, and because they trusted somewhat more for the victory 
 to, etc. — tjo^X" • • • • vewv : gen. abs. while the ships, etc. — SieKirXot 
 (Sid, Ik, -rrXoaJs) .... •fjcrav : and there were no evolutions. The particular 
 kind of evolution here referred to is described in part by the composition 
 of the Greek word. It consisted in breaking through the enemy's line, 
 returning with as much force as possible, and striking a hostile ship either 
 on the side or on the stern, with the aim to sink, or, at least, to disable it. 
 Herodotus first speaks of the diecplus. The Athenians resorted to it in all 
 their naval battles a few years later than this engagement. — to TrXlov 
 . . . . % more than. — 4. iroXvs 8cpv(3os, sc. ^v, expressed in next clause. 
 — irapo/yi-yvofievcu : observe the force of the pres. particip. : d ity] ttiI^oivto 
 (subj. ol KepKvpcuoi) : optat. expressing indefinite frequency of past ac- 
 tion. H. 729, b ; S. Gr. 498, b ; G. § 220, II. (b). — SeSioTes ol <rTpan\- 
 •yot : grammatically in appos. with the subj. (ai 'AttikoA vfjes) of ^pxov* 
 The gen. abs. would have been correct, but less animated. — ttjv irpcpp-rj- 
 o-iv : cf. ch. 45, 3. — 5. Iirovei : irove'io. — o-iropd8as with aii-ovs- — Is ttjv 
 •J]ir€ipov : connect with KaraSiajfjavTes : p.lxP l T °^ o'Tpa.Toire'Sou avrwv with 
 irXevo-avTes. — !v€irpT]o-av : lp/7riirpTj|u. — 4p-f||iovs : pred. adj. with Tas 
 o-KT]vds. H. 535, b ; S. Gr. 381, b ; G. § 142, 3 : the tents which were de- 
 serted. — xP 1 1H LaTa : not limited here to the idea of money, but in the wider 
 sense of goods, property, baggage. — 6. tcujttj \ikv ovv . . . . tq 8e : used here 
 of place : here therefore (i. e. on the right wing of the Corinthians) . . . . ; 
 but where, etc. — oi KoptvOtoi ko.1 ol £i3|i[iaxoi: the Corinthians themselves, 
 as we learn from the next sentence, were victorious ; but they are men- 
 tioned here with the allies, because the interests of both were identical, 
 and the defeat of the latter was in so far their own defeat. — twv .... 
 irapovo-wv : gen. abs. denoting the reason of iroXv IvCioov (viKaw) : because 
 the twenty ships, from a number [originally) less, etc. Recollect that the en- 
 tire number of the Corcyraean ships, including the ten from Athens, was 
 only 120 (ch. 47, 1), while the Corinthians had 150 (ch. 46, 1) : Ik ttjs 
 Sic6(j€t0s, see § 5, in this chapter. — 7. p.dXXov .... dirpo^ao-io-Ttos, more 
 unreservedly : aTrexop-svoi, holding themselves in check: u<tt6 p/f| !|x(3dXX€iv 
 tivi, in so far as not to make an attack on any one. They still bore in mind 
 and acted on the instructions of the Athenians. — Xap.7rpais is comm. de- 
 fined by <J>av€pws, openly, plainly : yet it is more emphatic, as is indicated 
 by the etymology : cpavepus fr. <|>aivop.cu, to appear: Xap/n-pcos fr. Xdp/rra), 
 to shine, to be bright. — ^p-yov .... €i)(€TO, every one had a share in work, 
 i. e. participated in (the) engagement : ^St], at once, forthwith, emphasizes the 
 foregoing words. — 8i6K€KpiTO (SiaKpCvw) : impers. there was no longer any 
 separation : or, as it is often rendered, any distinction (between the Athe- 
 nians and the other combatants). The idea is made clearer by what fol- 
 lows. — £uv€ir€o-€v (o-up.iri'TrTu>) : impers.: Is tovto dvd"VKT|s witte ktI. : it 
 came to this (point) of necessity that, etc., it became unavoidable that, etc. — 
 tovs Kop- Kal J A6- : emphat. posit.: subj. of Imxapijo-ai : one article 
 with both nouns, thus uniting them more closely as one definite idea. 
 
78 NOTES. 
 
 Chap. 50. to. <rKd<{>T] .... twv v«uv : the hulls of the ships. — ov\ 
 ciXkov dva8ovp.evoi : Lex. dvaSe'w, III., did not take in tow. — Ka/raSvo-eiav 
 (KaraStiw) does not imply the sinking of a ship to the bottom, but only a 
 partial sinking : ds Kcn-aSvcreiav has the construction and force of a hypo- 
 thetical, or, as it is also called, conditional, relative sentence, after a sec- 
 ondary tense. H. 757 ; S. Gr. 523, e ; G. § 233 : which they had {one after 
 another) partially sunk, which they had disabled. Observe that the relat. as 
 is not here attracted to the case of the antecedent. — <{>ovei>€iv .... jxdXXov 
 *1 S W 7P € ^ V : infill denoting purpose. Does the Greek differ in this respect 
 from the Latin infin.? <j>ovev>€iv and ^wypeiv are connected equally in sense 
 with erpdirovTo and with SieKTrXcovTes, but are more naturally rendered 
 with the particip. The statement here shows that the desire for revenge 
 in this battle was paramount to that of obtaining booty. — tovs .... 
 4>l\ovs : obj. of ^ktcivov {ktclvo) : imperf. again denoting the beginning of 
 an act. The Megarians and Ambraciots were on the Corinthian right. Cf. 
 ch. 48, 4. — 2. -ydp introduces the whole sentence, especially ov . . . . 
 liroiovvTO ktI., as explanatory of what precedes. In addition to this, the 
 notion of cause or reason lies in the' construction iroXXtSv .... ovcriav 
 kt4. gen. abs. : For, since many ships belonged to both sides, and extended, etc., 
 they did not easily make (for themselves) the distinction, etc. : iirl iroXv, over 
 a wide space: eireiSTJ, after. — vav|xaxLa .... avrrj : this, as a naval battle 
 (not this naval battle) : H. 538; S. Gr. 382, d ; G. § 142, 4. — "EXX^o-i 
 (dat. of interest) irpbs"EXX'nvas : of Greeks against, etc. — jie-yio-n] .... 
 avTTJs : lit. the very greatest of those before it, — a frequent form of solecism. 
 We, however, commonly avoid it by using a comparative, — far greater than 
 any of, etc. * Note the force of hr\ after p.€"yicrTT]. II. 851 ; S. Gr. 580, d ; 
 also of the perf. •yeyivryfai, has been (up to the time when Th. wrote). — 
 3. 6KpaTT]o-av : Lex. Kparew, II., they gained possession of: with gen. — 
 <5)(tt€ irpoo-Kopicrcu (-rrpos, ko[xl£oj), so as to convey {them, i. e. the wrecks and 
 the dead). — ol, adv., to which place, whither: cuitols, dat. of interest with 
 TrpocrePeP-, had come to aid them. Cf. ch. 47, 3. — 'itrri (H. 406, Rem. b; 
 S. Gr. 277, c) ktI., and there is the Sybota of etc. A cluster of islands 
 called Sybota was mentioned above, ch. 47 ; here, another place of the 
 same name, on the mainland, is referred to : Xijxtjv epfjp.os, descriptive 
 appos. with Ta SvpoTa. — irotT|o-avT€s, sc. ol KopLvBuot. — 4. ct Si, i. e. 
 oL KepK- : rats irXcaLpois, sc. vauo-t, dat. of accompaniment. — ko.1 .... 
 Xoiirai : and {with) as many as were left: i. e. left behind when they sailed 
 out for the battle just described. The number appears, by comparing 
 ch. 25, 4, with 47, 1, to have been ten. Why these ten were previously 
 left behind is not stated. — ko.1 o/utoi, themselves also: dvTeirXeov (dvn- 
 TrXg'co), sailed to meet (the Corinthians). — o-^cov : reflexive for a depend, 
 sentence : refers to ol Si. — ireupd-criv (sc. ol KopivBioi) is used in the active 
 several times by Th. ; yet the mid. (as deponent) is far more common. — 
 €Tr€TraiwvicrTO (-iraioovi^w) : impers. : a^Tois, agent with pluperf. pass., H. 
 600 ; S. Gr. 435 ; G. § 188, 3 : the paean had been sung by them, they had 
 sung, etc. — 5. irptijAvav CKpovovTO : a nautical expression : put back stern- 
 
THUCYDIDES I. 79 
 
 wards (lit. struck stern) ; retreated with prows towards the enemy. — t<Sv 
 8iKa : depends on the corapar. {jtrrcpov : later than the ten, subsequent to the 
 ten (cli. 45, 1). — Pot;6ovs : appos. with as. — oAtyai daiiveiv : inhn. with 
 adj., H. 767 ; S. Gr. 530 ; G. § 261 : lit. few to defend (the Coreyr.) : freely 
 rendered, too few for defence. The force of at] extends to the end of the 
 sentence. 
 
 Chap. 51. irpoi8ovT€s : Betant defines this hy prius videre ; but this is 
 the only passage in Th. which he cites with this meaning. It is certainly 
 not the usual meaning of the word. See Lex. irpoopdu, and irpoetSov. It 
 means rather, having seen before (themselves), having seen in the distance, 
 having descried. Spoken of the same act as ko/tiSovtcs (50, 5, kcito,, 6pda>, 
 to look down upon, to regard, to descry). Classen renders irpoiSovres, da sie 
 sie schon aus der Entfernung sahen : as they had seen them (the ships of the 
 Ath.) in the distance (lit. out of the distance). — air' 'AGrjvwv .... irXeiovs, 
 that there were from Athens, not {simply) as many as they saw, but a greater 
 number. — 2. tois Kepjcupcuois is not, I think, to be regarded as agent 
 (H. 600 ; S. Gr. 435 ; G. § 188, 3); but rather as "dat. of interest in 
 looser relations." H. 601 ; S. Gr. 437: or, as "dat. denoting that with 
 respect to which a statement is made." G. § 184, 5 ; but on the part of the 
 Corcyraeans . ... (the ships) ivere not seen. — l-rrlirXeov (em, irkioi) sc. at 
 vfjes. — adXXov .... dc£>- : rather from that point which was obscure (to the 
 Corcyraeans). Kriiger drops the parenthesis, and makes tois KcpK. depend 
 on d<j>avovs ; but he is not followed by the editors generally. — ko,1 (sc. ot 
 KcpKvpcuoi) I0avaa£ov. — oVi before the oratio recta. H. 734, b; S. Gr. 
 502, c ; G. § 241 : may be omitted in translating, and its place supplied 
 to the eye by quotation-marks. — vfjes (without the article) iKeivai : some 
 persons .... said, " ships yonder are sailing towards (us)." — 8idXv<riv, sep- 
 aration : diraXXa-yfj .... dXXTjXwv, departure from one another. — 3. Itc- 
 XevTa Is vvKTa. "In TeXevrav schwebt noch das sich erstrecken vor." 
 Boeh. The idea of extension lies in TeXon-aw ; hence, with Is and ace. 
 The naval engagement continued into the night; or we may also render it 
 freely, ended at nightfall. It was above mentioned that it was already grow- 
 ing dark (£vv€o-k- .... ^8tj). — 4. rots KtpKvpaiois : depends on irpoo-KO- 
 uio-Oeto-ai (irpoa-Kou^to) : may be rendered freely, And while the Corcyraeans 
 were, etc. Notice the unusual position of 81. Classen places it after tois. 
 — 'AvSoKtSns 6 Aewydpov, an Athenian orator, mentioned only here by 
 Th. — 5. e'-yvoxrav (2 aor. of •yi-yvwo-Kw) : recognized (them) : koA a>pul<ravTO, 
 and they came to anchor: al v^es is usually understood as the subj. of 
 a>p|xicr- ; but Kriiger thinks this scarcely admissible, and understands the 
 persons on board as subj. Of. 46, 3, and 5. 
 
 Chap. 52. 4v tois EvpoTois : attributive position : lit. in the Sybota 
 harbor: i. e. the harbor at Sybota. — 2. oi SI, i. e. ot KoptvOioi. — apavTes 
 (ai'pa)) kt4., getting the ships under way from, etc. — ucTcwpovs : adj. of two 
 endings; agrees with vaiis : drawing (them) up at sea. — vavaax^as : gen. de- 
 pending on dpxetv. — 7rpocry€"y€VT]a!vas : supplement, particip. : aKpat<|>vsts, 
 pred. adj. : both that ships had arrived from Athens afresh : iroXXd, also pred. 
 
80 NOTES. 
 
 adj.: and that embarrassments many in number: £up{3e|3-, same const, as 
 •H-poo-yey- : cixjiaXooTttv re ... . kcu eiTtcrKeuTjv ktc., explanatory of tcl 
 diropa : both concerning guarding of prisoners .... and in respect to ship-stores 
 which did not exist, etc. Notice the change of const, from irept with gen. 
 to ace. of specif. : emo-Ke-uTjv tc3v veuv (ship-stores) includes the idea of 
 material for repairing the ships and also of the requisite provisions. — 
 
 3. oVtj KO|xio-6-rj(rovTai (KOfj.i£o>) : explanatory of tov .... irXo-D, the home- 
 ward voyage, in what way they should be conveyed. — tc\s a-irovScis : cf. 23, 4, 
 where it is called the thirty years' truce. — es x e ^P a S f]X6ov : Lex. x^P> 4 : 
 came to bloics, came to an actual engagement — p,^ . . . . ovk, that .... not. 
 
 Chap. 53. c-a-pt(3iLo-avT€s takes dvSpas for anobj.: one might expect 
 here eo-pifBdcriv agreeing with atirois, yet see fjuppdxovs 31, 2, note : having 
 put men on board, etc. — dveu KtjpvKeiov : thus indicating that they still 
 regarded themselves as at peace with the Athenians ; since, in time of war, 
 the herald's staff (in modern phrase, the flag of truce) is necessary for pro- 
 tection. — '{keyov, spoke, i. e. through the men whom they sent. — 2. crirov- 
 8ds (notice the omission of the article) \vovres : in violating treaty-obliga- 
 tions. — Tjpiv .... 1'o-tgo-@£ : for you stand in the way of our avenging our- 
 selves on, etc.: lit. you stand in the way to us while avenging, etc. — yviipt] ( a 
 determination, a purpose), with the infin. — KioXveiv t€ : one would expect 
 kcu Xveiv after it {both to hinder .... and to break, etc. ) ; but, in lively 
 narrative, the infin. XiSeiv passes over to the indie. XiieTe, before which el is 
 to be understood : and (if) you continue to break, etc. To make a gram- 
 matical English sentence, ti after KwXveiv may be omitted in rendering. — 
 TrXeiv : with kwXtjciv (to hinder us from sailing, etc.), also with PovXdpeGa. 
 ■ — TJpds Tovio-Se, us who are here, obj. of XapdvTes, and understood (in the 
 dat. ) with xpt|<racrCe. — 3. do-ov eiTTJKovcrev : parenthetical, defining to 
 crTparoireSov : as much as paid attention to (them) : dvepdfjarev, ctvapodw. — 
 
 4. KepK- TOio-Se. Note the omission of the article, contrary to H. 538 ; 
 
 5. Gr. 382, d ; G. § 142, 4. The substantive with a demonstrat. pron. 
 does not take the article, if the subst. be a proper name. Kiihner, § 246, 
 3, Rem. 1 (b). — dXXocre iroi, lit. elsewliere anywhere, i. e. anywhere else. — 
 el ... . irXevcreto-Oe (fat. of irXew), if you shall sail, etc. — e's • . • . x<api<nv : 
 cf. 45, 3, note. — ov irepioxj/dpeGa (-Trepiopdco), we shall not overlook (it) = we 
 shall hinder (it) : Kara to Swutov, according to that which is possible = to the 
 best of our ability. 
 
 Chap. 54. tov eV oikou : article repeated with attributive. H. 533 ; 
 S. Gr. 380, b ; G. § 142, 2 : the homeward voyage, or the voyage home. — 
 Trap€o-K€vd£ovTO, imperf. implying a series of actions : eVrTjo-av, aor., a 
 single action, a past event. H. 701, 705 ; S. Gr. 476, 480 ; G. § 200 : 
 eo-TTjo-av is either 1st or 2d aor. in form. Why is it 1st aor. here? What 
 tenses are trans, in the act.? Lex. I'o-TTjpi. — ev tois ev ttj Tjimpw 2vf3-, 
 in the continental Sybota. Recollect there was also an insular Sybota. Ch. 
 47, 1. — Td vaud-yia Kai veKpovis : one article for both nouns, which are 
 thus closely joined together as one idea : rx ... . k^f.veyQivra (eK^epw) is 
 spoken of both nouns preceding : the wrecks and dead, which had been borne 
 
THUCYDIDES I. 81 
 
 within their reach (icaTa <r(|>&s) by, etc. — ri after t& : correlative with kcu 
 before Tpoiraiov. Same const, with tov tc .... Kal rpoir-, just above. — 
 «v tois Iv ttj vf](r(a 2"u{3-, lit. in the in-the-island Syb. = in the insular Syb- : 
 cf. note above. — 2. y^FO • • • « TOiaSg, with some such opinion as follows : 
 explained by the following sentence : Kop(,v9ioi p.ev .... '4o-Tr\<rav rpo- 
 iraiov • KepKupaioi 8e . . . . Tpoiraiov 'ia-Tr^a-av. — aitrre .... irpocrico- 
 p.L<rao-0at : notice the force of the mid., so as to convey to themselves. — ousc 
 iXdo-crovs x'-ktav (a litotes). A more exact statement will be found below, 
 ch. 55, 1. — KaTa8-u«ravT€s, because they had disabled: cf. KaTaSvcreiav, eh. 
 50, 1, note. — jidXio-Ta, with designations of number, about. — to. Kara 
 ktI. : cf. note on to. vav<ry- above, also Kara o-<j>as : the wrecks and dead 
 within their reach. — avrols : dat. of interest with vir€%<apT)<rav. — irpvp.vav 
 Kpovop.€voi : cf. note, ch. 50, 5. — t€ after rrj : correl. with Kal before 
 4it€i8tj : and because the Cor. both retreated, rowing stern wards, from before them, 
 the day preceding, having seen the Athenian ships ; and, after the Athenians came, 
 did not sail, etc. Perhaps the idea might be plainer by rendering re ... . 
 Kal, not only .... but also. — vik&v : not, to be conquoring, as a pres. ; but, 
 to have conquered, to be victorious, as a perf. H. 698 ; S. Gr. 475, a. 
 
 Chap. 55. 'AvaKTopiov (obj, of elXov) : Anactorium was a little south 
 of Actium, mentioned ch. 29, 3. — dira/rrj, by deception, by stratagem: in 
 opposition to pta, by force. — fjv 8e koivov ktI., and it was a common posses- 
 sion of, etc., having been founded in common by both cities : more freely 
 rendered, and it belonged in common to, etc. : Ikcivcov, i. e. t<5v Kopiv0iwv. -■ — 
 SovXou : they had probably been employed as rowers (eperai), while the 
 250 were the fighting men (liriPaTcu,). — direSovTO. Notice the meaning 
 in the mid. : they sold. — 8f|cravT€s 4<|>vsXao-(rov. In ch. 30, 1, we have 8tj- 
 <ravT€s d\ov in nearly the same sense. — iv Gcpcureia etxov iroXXf], held in 
 much care, i. e. treated with much attention. ■ — ottods .... Trpoc-rroiTJa-eiav, 
 in order that they (the 250 Corey raeans, who were held in custody) on their 
 return (home to Corcyra) might win over, etc. avrots, i. e. tois KoptvOiois. 
 The bloody paily strifes which afterwards occurred at Corcyra resulted 
 directly from the favor which the Corinthians gained with these 250 men. 
 — Svvdp.€i, power, influence : particularly political influence. — irpwTOt, first, 
 or, as we often say, leading men. — The idiom €Tv-yx avov • • • • ovt«s (subj. 
 ot irXetous) is already familiar to the learner. — 2. Tr6pi"yl"yv€Tai .... tcov 
 Kop- : Poppo and Goeller render this, Corinthios bello superat ; but superat 
 seems to be too strong a word for TrepL-yi-y- : Betant renders Trspi-yi-yveo-Oat 
 for this passage, superstitem esse, servari: Classen, sich behaupten, gliicklich 
 davon kommen, to maintain itself to come off happily : Kriiger, behalt die 
 Oberhand, keeps the upper hand. Is, then, tc5v Kop- dependent on to iroX- 
 (in the war of the Cor.), or on the verb? The critics are not agreed, but 
 the prevailing opinion favors the lattei', maintains itself in war over (or 
 against) the Cor. — atria., without the article, predicate: avrrj, subj.: 
 TrpwTT] equalities curia. : a frequent arrangement in Th. ; cf. 50, 2, vav\La.yjLa. 
 . . . . avrq .... p-eyuo-Tq : and this became the first cause of 'war between 
 the Cor. and tlie Ath. (lit. on the part of the Cor. against the Ath.) : on (ex- 
 6 
 
82 NOTES. 
 
 planatory of alrfa), the fact that. — o-4>lcnv (rots KopivG-) : dat. of inter- 
 est, against them, depends on evai>fid)(oi>v (subj. ol 'AGrjvaiou) : ev cnrovScus, 
 during the existence of a truce, in time of peace. 
 
 Hostilities between Corinth and Athens respecting Potidaea. 
 (Chaps. 56-66.) 
 
 Chap. 56. ravra, these things (the things above mentioned) : kcu TdSe 
 £uveJ3T] "yev-, it happened that the following {difficulties) also arose: 8id<f>opa 
 (subst.) 4s to iroX-, as differences tending to war. — 2. -yap, epexegetic. Lex. 
 II. In English, an explanation of this sort is introduced without any 
 connective ; hence -yap, in this use, is better omitted in the rendering : 
 while the Corinthians were managing ; not, for while, etc. — 6ir«s with the 
 subjunc. depending directly on irpao-o-ovTcov (a primary tense) ; but as this 
 is a dependent clause, and as the leading verb above (1-vve$r\) and that be- 
 low (ejceXevov) are in the past, it is more natural to render irpacrcrdvT«v 
 also as past, were managing. Then otrcos with subjunc. would come under 
 the principle. H. 740 ; S. Gr. 508 ; G. § 216, 2. Several critical editions 
 have here Tt|xwpr|crovTCH, fut. indie, under the rule, H. 756 ; S. Gr. 522 ; 
 G. § 217 : that they might avenge themselves on them (cuVrovs, i. e. the Athe- 
 nians). — IIoTiSaittTas .... iKzkevov .... KaOeXetv, ordered the Poti- 
 daeans . ... to demolish : lavriov (refers to ol 'A9-) .... cpdpov vttots- 
 Xeis (subject to tribute, tributary), but tributary allies of themselves. — to is 
 IIa\\T)vr]v tsixos, the wall towards Pallene. See map. Obedience to this 
 order would expose the Potidaeans on the side of the sea, where the Athe- 
 nians were, at this time, undisputed masters. This, it was hoped, would 
 secure their continued allegiance to Athens. — tovs liriSTjutovp-yoiis, the 
 Dorian magistrates. Recollect that the Athenians were Ionians. — eKTrep-ireiv 
 . . . . |xt| 8€'x€o-9ai : pres. infin., to send away, to refuse to receive (as often 
 as they should be sent). — SeicravTes agrees with the subj. of eKe'Xevov, ol 
 'A0- : diroo-Two-iv, subj. ol IIoTi.8cuaTcu. — fvva-rocrnfjo-wcri, 1st aor. , trans., 
 fearing that they might revolt .... and induce the other allies on the Thracian 
 frontier to revolt with (them). These clauses depend on CKeXevov above, a 
 verb in a past tense. H. 735, if; S. Gr. 503 ; G. § 218. Iirl 0paio]s is 
 used to denote that part of the Thracian coast which was occupied by the 
 Grecian colonies ; that is, Chalcidice eastward as far as Amphipolis. CI., 
 Pop. For €irt with gen., see H. 431, a ; or Lex. 
 
 Chap. 57. 2. eVeTroXefJuoTO (iroXep-dco), had been provoked to hostilities. 
 — «v : concess., though he ivas, etc. — 3. oti, causal. — ^iXlTnrw .... 
 £u|i|iaxtav €ttoit«o-qvto, had formed an alliance with, etc. — Ae'pSa : 1st 
 declens. masc. : Derdas. — koivtj, adv. with evavTiovp.€vois. — 4. eirpacr- 
 ct€v : same sense as irpacro-dvTwv, 56, 2. — 'is T€ , . . . ■n-ep.-n-tov .... kcu 
 .... irpocrcTToietTO : an irreg. const. : both by sending .... and he pro- 
 ceeded to win over to himself etc. — ccutois, i. e. tois AQtjvcuois. — tt\s .... 
 diroo-Tdcrews, for the sake of the revolt of etc., i. e. to bring about the revolt of 
 Potidaea (from the Athenians). — 5. -n-poo-e'^epe Xd-yous, made proposals. — 
 €irl ©pciKTjs : cf. note above, ch. 56. — el ... . 2x ol > if ne should have these 
 
THUCYDIDES I. 83 
 
 in alliance with (him) : Tavra refers to XaXiaSevo-i and Botticiiois (Chalci- 
 dians and Bottiaeans) : yet the gender conforms to that of the appositive 
 clause, 6(ibpa .... \wp La, the places which were conterminous. — tov irdXe- 
 (iov, i. e., the war with the Athenians : |ieT* cuitwv, with them, i. e. partici- 
 pating with them, aided by them. — 6. wv (neut., refers to the foregoing 
 statements respecting the movements of Perdiccas) with alo-8d|JL€voi. — 
 'irvyjov "yap .... aTroo-TeXXovres, for they were just then sending, etc., or, 
 for they were sending, as it chanced, etc. — eirl Ti|V yf]V avtToO, against his land 
 (that of Perdiccas). — p.eT 5 &XXa>v 8eKa. This would make eleven generals 
 in all, and five were sent afterwards (eh. 61, 1) ; but the Athenians chose 
 only ten annually. Hence, instead of 8eKa, Kriiger conjectures 8' = tcttcL- 
 pu)V,four: Classen adopts the conjecture of Hermann, and reads Bvo, which 
 seems most probable. — eirio-TeXXoxxri (cf. Eng. word epistle), instruct, charge. 
 
 — to T€i\os, i. e. to 4s IIaXXT|VT]v t€lx.os, ch. 56, 2. 
 
 Chap. 58. rioTiScuaTai : subj. of dcjjCo-TavTai. — ir€[i\|/avT€s \iiv .... 
 4X0OVT6S Si : correlative. — KaC before Trap* 'A0t]vaLot)s, correlative with 
 Kat before es ttjv AaK-. These connectives are not very conveniently ren- 
 dered here, although their force may be readily seen in the Greek sentence. 
 
 — irpeVpeis, obj. of Trc'jx^avTes. — |xtj . . . . p/r|8ev, to adopt no new policy 
 respecting them, — an expression usually denoting some harsh measures : 
 ircpi, notice the anastrophe. — &n-pao-o-ov is rejected by all the recent editt., 
 and hence the learner may disregard the word entirely. So in general of 
 words included in brackets. — eirciSi] £k t€ 5 A0- .... evpovTO .... koA 
 to, tcXt) .... virioyjero . . . . , tot€ Sttj . . . . dcjno-ravTat, when .... 
 they obtained nothing satisfactory, .... and (when) the magistracy . . . .prom- 
 ised . . . . , then indeed .... they revolt, etc. : ri after €K, correl. of Kat 
 before to, rikt\ : 4k ttoXXov, for a long time. — dXX 5 .... £n-X«ov, but the 
 ships (appointed to sail) against Macedonia, were sailing against themselves also 
 in like manner, i. e. were sailing against Macedonia and the Potidaeans 
 equally, with like hostile intentions against both. — rikf] : Lex. tc'Xos, II I. 
 
 — i]v i'tocriv, and above, ^v Sir\, where el with the optat. would be equally 
 grammatical (if it should be necessary, if the Athenians should go, etc.) ; but 
 ■i^v with the subjunc. denotes a more definite probability. — d<jno-TavTai : 
 historic present. H. 699 ; S. Gr. 477, a ; G. § 200, Note 1 : has the con- 
 struction of a past tense. — £uvo|ido-avT€s : £uvo|ivv|i.i. — 2. CKXiirdvTas, 
 KaTa|3aXdvTas, agree with XaXKiSe'as, and take to,s .... -rrdXas as obj. 
 
 — &voiKio-ao-6cu e's, o move upward (i. e. from the coast to the interior) 
 into, etc. — pactv -n-dXiv, without article ; hence explanatory of to,vtt]v : 
 lo-x.'i'pdv, pred. : and to make this, a single city, strong. — tois €KXiirot)o-i : a 
 repetition of the idea in eKXiirdvTas : as the obj. (Tds irdXets) was expressed 
 above, it is left understood here. — ttjs .... yfjs and ttjs M^Sovtas : 
 partitive gen. with I'Scdkc : and to those having left (their cities), to these he 
 gave of his own land (that district) of Mygdo>na adjacent to (irepl), etc. 
 V€p.ecr0cu, infin. denoting purpose, to till, to occupy: £cos dv ktc., as long as, 
 etc. — Kal ol p.ev . ... At 8^ ... . vrjes (ch. 59) : correl. sentences. CI. 
 and Kriig. place only a colon after irapeo-Kevd^ovTo, and begin ch. 59 with 
 
84 NOTES. 
 
 a small letter, which seems to me better : and these, demolishing .... both 
 moved upward . . . . : but the thirty ships, etc. 
 
 CHAP. 59. ra eirl 0p- (se. \«pta) : cf. 56, 2, note. — KaraXapBdvova-t, 
 they find: dcpco-Ti] koto,, supplement, particip., have revolted, are in revolt. — 
 
 2. d8vvara : pred. adj., impers. const., plur. for sing. H. 518, a ; S. Gr. 
 369, a ; frequent in Til. : that it was impossible. — irpds tc . . . . ko.1 (irpbs), 
 both against Perdiccas, and against, etc. — €<p % Sirtp, for which very object. — 
 KaT<xo-T&VT€s, having taken a position. Cf. 49, 3. — €?roXefj.o-uv p.€Ta, they 
 proceeded to carry on war together with (i. e. participating with). We say in 
 English " to carry on war with," meaning against. The Greek for that idea 
 is iroXepetv tivi, or irpos Tiva, or lirt Tiva ; but troXepeiv perd with gen. can 
 only be understood as explained above. For the fact stated in the Greek 
 sentence, cf. 57, 3.- — dvcoOev .... ecrpep-, who had made an incursion (pre- 
 vious to the alliance with the Athenians, as the perf. particip. implies) 
 with an army from the upper country, or we may render it, from the interior. 
 Recollect that Kara or Kdrw denote, with a verb of motion, approach to 
 the coast, either from the interior of the country, or from the sea ; with a 
 verb of rest, situation on the coast : dvd and dvw, departure from the coast, 
 or situation, in the interior or at sea. Combining the meaning of fivw, 
 situation in the interior, with -0ev, from, we have the meanings/row the upper 
 country, or from the interior. 
 
 Chap. 60. kv tovto) (tw Kcupw), at this crisis. — irepl tw X w P"P ("rapt 
 with dat. not frequent in Att. prose), for the place, i. e. Potidaea. — oiKetov: 
 pred. posit. : considering the danger their own. — ko.1 .... -rreUravTeg : and 
 (men) of the other Peloponnesians, having influenced [them) by pay, or more 
 freely, and hired soldiers of the other Pel. : ptcrOfa) imcravTes, a frequent ex- 
 pression, cf. 31, 1. — e|- . . . . oirXiTas, six hundred and a thousand the 
 whole (number) hoplites ; i. e. in our idiom, 1600 hoplites in all: notice irdvras 
 in attrib. position, usu. in pred. posit. — 2. avrou, object, gen. with cjnXtav, 
 on account of friendship for him: ov\ fjKio-ra (litotes), not in a very slight 
 degree, i. e. especially, chiefly. — -yap introduces the reason for lo-TparTj-yet 
 ktI., while Kara .... |vveo-rrovTO is* to be regarded as parenthetical. ■ — 
 
 3. vo-xepov . . . . % later than, after: iirl ©peaces, upon the Thracian coast: 
 here, after a verb of motion : cf. 56, 2, note. 
 
 Chap. 61. T HX0€ ktI. A similar order is admissible in English : And 
 there came to the Athenians also, directly, the announcement that the cities have 
 revolted (lit. of the cities, that they, etc. ; prolepsis. H. 726 ; S. Gr. 495. Cf. 
 26, 2. twv KepKvpauov). — TT£|j.iroi>o-iv, tjo-Govto, subj. ol 'A8-. Notice 
 the change from historic pres. to aor. — inrirapovTas (enC, irapd, cljja : 
 some editt. have iiriirapiovTas, em, wapd, et|xi) : supplement, particip., 
 were present in addition, i. e. the forces with Aristeus in addition to the 
 revolted cities of Chalcidice. — lavrwv, i. e. Athenian citizens. — irpbs to, 
 dcfjeo-Tcora (dird, 1'cr-nip.i), against the (places) in revolt. — Trep/rrrov airrdv : 
 cf. 46, 2 : o-TpaTtrydv, app. with KaX-. — 2. KaTaXap.pdv- : cf. 59, 1. ■ — 
 3. ava.yKa.iav, necessary, forced : explained by ws .... Trapekr(kvQJi<s, since 
 Potidaea and the arrival of Aristeus (lit. Aristeus having arrived) compelled 
 
THUG YD IDES I. 85 
 
 them to hasten, urged them on. — 4. diravlo-TavTcu, withdraw from : subj. same 
 as that of eiroXidp-. Notice the change from aor. to historic pres. — KaKet- 
 0ev (crasis, = Kal eKet0ev), sc. d<j>i.Kdp.svoi. — earl 2rpe';j/a.v, against Strepsa, — 
 the reading adopted by Pop., Kriig., Class., Boeh. "Strepsa was a city 
 of Mygdonia, north of Therme." Class. — ireipdo-avTes (usu. deponent : 
 yet the act. in Th. is not unfrequent) .... ^wptou, having first made an 
 attempt on the place, i. e. on Strepsa. — ottXItchs, ttoXXois, iinrevcri : dat. of 
 accomp. In what connection does this chiefly occur ? H. 604 ; S. Gr. 
 438, c ; G. § 188, 5. — \mpCs (adv.) ; and besides with, etc. — Ilavo-aviov : 
 supposed to be either a son or a brother of Derdas. — irapeVXeov (irapd, 
 irXe'co). From Therme to Potidaea they would proceed near the coast : and 
 the ships sailed along near (them), or in a direction parallel (irapd). — 
 4f38o|i-. For the number, compare 57, 6, with 61, 1. — 5. Kara with ace. 
 often distributive : kcit' oXi-yov, little by little, i. e. by slow marches. — Tpt- 
 tcuoi : H. 488, Rem. c ; S. Gr. 340, c ; G. § 138, Note 7. 
 
 Chap. 62. -irpbs 5 QXvv0ov, in the direction of Olynthus. — 2|a> rr\<s irdX-, 
 without {the walls of) the city, i. e. Potidaea. — 2. fjpTjvro (aipe'w), had chosen. 
 
 — tt)s i'lriro-u. Notice the gender. Lex. tiriros, II. — airicrri] y dp, for he 
 revolted, etc. Cf. 61, 3 : gvvep.dxei, o-v(X|iaxe'to. — dpxovTa, i. e. of Mace- 
 donia. — 3. fy 8e kt€., and it was the plan of Aristeus, keeping . ... to icatch, 
 etc. Notice exovn, as though ™ 'Apwrrsi had preceded, — a rare con- 
 struction, occasioned in part by the resemblance in idea of ^v tj yvwjxt] to 
 the more common '^8o|e (which takes the dat.), in part by the tendency to 
 the dat. in the expression of a defining relation. Class. — XaXiciSeas .... 
 (levei v, but that the Chalcidians and . . . . remain in Olynthus: depends on, 
 or more properly explains, r\ yv&pr) : eirl <nf>ds, against them, i. e. Aristeus 
 with his army in the isthmus. — Po^OoiivTas .... iroieiv : same const, 
 with fie'veiv : subj. XaXia8e'as .... £vp.p.d)(oi>s .... 1'irirov : coming up 
 for assistance in the rear, put the enemy, etc. — avTwv includes the idea both 
 of Aristeus with his army in the isthmus, and of the Chalcidians, etc., in 
 Olynthus : depends on ev pveVw, in the midst between themselves. — 4. eirl 'OX-, 
 towards, etc. H. 641, a. — -toiis €K€i0ev, obj. of eip-ywo-i, same as subj. of 
 e7rij3oT]0€iv. H. 774, 776 ; S. Gr. 536, c : that they may hinder those (coming) 
 thence from rendering assistance. — - <xvtoi, they themselves, i. e. Callias and his 
 fellow-commanders. — dvao-Trjo-avTes to a-Tpa/r-, ordering the army to march 
 (lit. having caused the army to rise up, or having started the army). — 5. irpds 
 with dat. close by, close upon. — £uve'|Aio-"yov (<rup.[il<ryo> = <rup.pA-yvu[j.i), joined 
 battle. — 6. XcydSes : emphat. position : join with 8<rot : as many as were 
 about him, chosen men both of, etc. — rb k<x0' eavTovs, that which was opposite 
 to (lit. ahng by, near : cf. 54, 1, 2) themselves. — eirl iroXii may denote either 
 time or place ; here, the latter : a long distance. — es to t€ix.°s, within the 
 wall, i. e. of Potidaea. 
 
 Chap. 63. T|o-o-r|p.€'vov (TJo-o-dop.ai , > : cf. 30, 1. — fjirdpT|a-€ : dirope'w. 
 
 — 8ia.Kiv8weiL)o-r] x^P'HO'as, ^ € should run the risk of going: rj . . . . 1f\, whether 
 . ... or. Notice the force of eiri with gen. in the direction of, towards, and 
 Is with ace, into. Olynthus was some miles away, Potidaea close at hand. 
 
86 NOTES. 
 
 — 8' ofiv, but in fact, hit finally : o£v after 8e is regularly confirmative. — 
 ws es eX- x.«- : into a space as small as possible : «s, intens. with iXa\i<rTov, 
 often thus separated from the superlative by an intervening particle. — 
 8p6fJLw Pid<ra<r9ai (p\d£co) 4s, by running to force his way into. — irapf^XGe 
 irapd ttjv X'lMv kt *' (L ex - X'nM' ^-)- The gates on the side towards 
 Olynthus were of necessity closed lest the Athenian army rush into the 
 city at the same time with Aristeus. His object, therefore, was to reach 
 another side of the city, where the gates could be safely opened to him. 
 And he passed along by ... . through the sea, etc. "The position of irapfjXOe 
 denotes that he at once attempted to carry out his resolution (gSo£e kt4.), 
 and the aorist denotes the successful completion of the attempt." CI. — 
 PaXX6|X€vds t€ Kal xa-Xeirws : a circumstance in the form of an adv. closely 
 connected with a circumstance in the form of a participle : both under a 
 shower of missile weapons (lit. being cast at), and with difficulty. Occasioned 
 by the fact that he must wade through the sea. The missiles are supposed 
 to have been chiefly from the Athenian fleet. — 2. dimx* .... &tti. 
 Note the change of tense. Cf. Svvcvrai .... kyjapei : Xen. Anab. 1, 5, 6. 
 And it (i. e. Olynthus) was distant (i. e. from Potidaea) .... and it (i. e. 
 the intervening distance) is, etc. — rd cr^p- f s p8- : cf. 49, 1. — lirirfjs : H. 
 190, d ; S. Gr. 104, e ; G. § 53, 3, Note 2. Cf. 61, 4 : horsemen of Philip 
 and Pausanias. — Sid tuxcus (t&x<>s), speedily. — tcuv 'A0- : pred. gen. H. 
 572 ; S. Gr. 415 ; G. § 169 : the victory appeared (on the side) of the Athenians 
 (lit. became the part of or possession of the Ath.) — 4s to Ttixos, i. e. of 
 Olynthus. — lir-ir-ris (without article : pred.) .... irap^yiv- : there were 
 horsemen present (i. e. in the battle between the Athenians and Aristeus), 
 etc. Difference between ovSeTcpos and ov8«is ? — 3. {nrocnrovSovs : under 
 an armistice, which the Potidaeans no doubt had asked for, thus acknowl- 
 edging their defeat. ■ — dire'Soo-av, delivered up. (Cf. direSovTO, 55, 1, deliv- 
 ered up for their own advantage, i. e. sold). — airtQavov 8e ktI. The order may 
 be followed very nearly in English. And there perished, etc. A monument 
 was erected to the memory of the Athenians who fell in this battle, in the 
 Ceramicus, just west of Athens. This monument, with a large part of the 
 interesting inscription on it, is now in the British Museum. 
 
 Chap. 64. to 4k tov la-0poii tcixos, the wall on the side of the isthmus: 
 strictly, the wall (which one reaches in coming to the city) out of the isthmus: 
 obj. of dTroT€ixi(ravT€S, having circumvallated, having invested. — to 8' es t^|v 
 IlaX-, but the one towards Pullene: also a condensed expression, the full idea 
 seeming to be, the wall (from which one departs on going) into Pal. — ard- 
 "Xio-tov •fjv, was without circumvallation, was not invested. — iKavot, pred. with 
 ctvat. H. 775, "A predicate-noun," etc.: S. Gr. 536, b ; G. § 136, Note 
 2. — <}>povp€tv .... T€ix^t €lv (to construct a line of circumvallation) depend 
 on iKavoi : 8ia|3dvT€s (cf. note on Ikcivoi), having crossed over, i. e. by ship, 
 as the city extended across the lower part of the isthmus. — o-<pio-iv (reflex- 
 ive for a dependent clause), refers to the subj. of the leading verb of the 
 sentence (evopi£ov, subj. ot 5 A9T)vaioi), depends on ImOcovTcu. — ■y t Y l/0 l xe '" 
 vois, the usual reading; Classen has "yevop^vois Sixa, after they were divided 
 
THUCYDIDES I. 87 
 
 into two parts (the one on the north, the other on the south of Potidaea), as 
 preferable in sense to "ycyv- 8l\-, while they were becoming divided, etc. — 
 2. ev tt] irdXeC, i. e. Athens. — ofxrav : supplement, particip., that Pal. 
 was, etc. — Xpo v< t> (H-- 61 ° 5 S. Gr. 444 ; G. § 188, 2) wo-repov, « while after- 
 wards (lit. teer by a time). — e| 'A^vm-os (Ionic gen. ending) opp-cojxevoc, 
 lit. rushing out repeatedly, or habitually, from, etc., i. e. making Aphytis his head- 
 quarters, making Aph. his base of military operations. — Kara fipayy : cf. Kanr* 
 cXi-yov, 61, 5. — Keipwv, ravaging (lit. shaving) : frequent in Herodotus ; 
 only here in Th., who elsewhere uses Te'uvw. — 3. KaTa Kparos, in force, 
 strongly. — vccuo-tv, dat. of means and also of manner : €<j>opp.ov<rcus (ctt^ 
 opue'w) : note the force of em in compos. 
 
 Chap. €5. dirortixio-OeiorTis avrrfjs Kal .... 'i\tav : particip. nom. 
 connected by Kai with gen. abs. : when it had been invested and having, etc. 
 For another example of clauses in different forms connected by Kal, cf. 63, 
 1. PaX\6|xevos -re Kat \aX-. — aXXo, sc. ti, expressed just before, something 
 from Peloponnesus, or (something) else. — irapd Xd"yov, contrary to calculation: 
 the opposite of ko-tcL X-, according to, etc. In other authors, in the form 
 irapaXo-yov. — itXtjv -irevTaKoo--, join with rots &XXoiS '• advised (all) the others 
 excepting .... having watched for a {favorable) wind, etc. ■ — em irXeov, of 
 time : &vtio-xt] (avTi\(»), might hold out longer. — twv p,evovT«v : pred. gen. 
 and partitive with eivai, to be (one) of, etc. — a>s . . . . 'e'lretOe, and when he 
 did not persuade (them), etc. — to. e'm tovtois (obj. of irapacrK-), the thinqs 
 after these, i. e. the next best measures (next to the proposal first made) : or, 
 as Boeh. and CI. understand em tovtois, the measures (which were requisite) 
 in these circumstances. The use of e'-irl with the dat. admits of either ren- 
 dering. — 8ir«s .... e^ei : also dependent on irapao-Kevd^eiv. So Poppo, 
 Kriig., Boeh., CI.: and (to provide) that the affairs without (the city) be in the 
 best condition : &ttws with f. indie, is frequent. H. 756 ; S. Gr. 522, a ; G. 
 § 217. — exirXovv iroieiTcu, he effects an escape by sea, lit. a voyage out: XaGwv 
 (XavGoLvw) has the const, of a trans, verb, having eluded, etc.; may be ren- 
 dered, unobserved by the blockading squadron of, etc. H. 544, a ; S. Gr. 390, 
 a ; G. § 158, 1ST. 2. — 2. t& tc aXXa £weiroXe[i€i, not only in other ways did 
 he join with (them, the Chalcid. ) in war : tc . . . . Kai, not only .... but 
 especially, but particularly. Of two sentences thus connected by re ... . 
 Kai, the more important is introduced by Kal ; hence we may often render 
 it as above, "to. clXXa is adverbial ace. rather than obj. of £uveir-." CI. 
 Yet there is no objection, I think, to viewing it as obj. : he not only engaged 
 in other military operations with, etc., but particularly, etc. Although we may 
 sometimes render Kat as above, yet it is not to be viewed as an adversative 
 conjunc. — SepuvXicov belongs both with irdXei and with iroXXovs : near the 
 city of the Sermylians .... many of them. — e's ttjv IleX- eV- : es with ace. 
 because eVpao-o-ev involves the idea of sending. The entire phrase is regu- 
 larly spoken of secret negotiations : and (sending) into Pel., he (secretly) nego- 
 tiated that, etc. ■ — 8itt|, with f. indie. , less frequent than 8ir«s, nearly akin 
 to it in meaning : oirtos, in what way, in what manner : tfirrj, in what direction, 
 where, at what point ; both are used as final conjunctions,- in order that, or 
 
88 m NOTES. 
 
 simply, that. — 3. jwtcl with diroTeiX'-o'i'V, after the circumvallation of, etc. 
 Notice the unusual order. — toiis e£- kt!.: with the article here, because 
 they were mentioned above, eh. 64, 2. — (Syov (Suidw) : imperf. he pro- 
 ceeded to lay waste.— knv &. H. 812 ; S. Gr. 556 ; G. § 152, N. 2 : Kai 
 before iroXttrp.-, intens. ; and took some towns even, or thus, and even took, etc. 
 After Phormio had finished the line of circumvallation, and withdrawn 
 from Pallene, Callias was left with the first army of 3,000 men (cf. ch. 61) 
 to prosecute the siege of Potidaea. It lasted two years, and was attended 
 with great expense to the Athenians. 
 
 Chap. 66. atrial : without the article : cf. 55, 2 : avrcu here points 
 to what immediately follows : irpcxrytyevrivTO (pluperf. augment omitted. 
 H. 311, K. a ; S. Gr. 200 (fine print) ; G. § 101, Note 2). I have adopted 
 here the reading of Poppo and Class.; Boeh. reads irpoeyeyivr]VTo, Kriig. 
 irpocr€y^ivT\vTO : and to the Athenians and Peloponnesians, these {difficulties) 
 arose, as accusations against one another, etc. — on, the fact that, explanatory 
 of ciItlcu. — es-oX-iopscow, sc. ot J A0-. — direVrrjo-av (1st aor., trans.), sc. 
 ot IleX- : aor. where we should use a pluperf. H. 706 ; S. Gr. 481 : the 
 fact that they had not only induced a city, allied and tributary, belonging to them- 
 selves, to revolt, but especially {the fact that they), etc. : re . . . . koli, not only 
 .... but especially. — eA0dvxes (emphat.) .... ejJtdxovro, went and fought. 
 — o-^>(o-i,v : the Athenians. — enrb toG Tpo4>avovs, openly. — (jweppuryeu 
 o~vppr\yvvp.i) : ^d pluperf., in trans. — OLvaKiayJi denotes here not a cessa- 
 tion of hostilities, as the war had not yet actually begun, but rather a post- 
 ponement of hostilities. — I8£a, privately, on their own responsibility : not from 
 any formal authority given by the Peloponnesians generally. 
 
 Chap. ©I". o-<pi<riv : dat. of possessor with Ivovtwk (kv, eljxC) : H. 598; 
 S. Gr. 434; G. § 184, 4. — dvSpwv re .... Ivovtwv ko,1 .... SeSidres : 
 observe again clauses in different forms closely connected : cf. 65, 1 ; 63, 
 1 : the notion of cause is prominent in the particip. here, since their own 
 men (lit. men belonging to themselves) were within {the city), and .... because 
 they feared, etc. — 6ti .... XfiXuxoTes etev seal d8iKotev : oratio obliqua: 
 declaring that they had both broken .... and were wronging, etc. — arrovScLs : 
 without the article : cf. 53, 2. — 2. AtyivJiTcii : mentioned particularly, 
 because they were not included under tovs ii)p.»xdxovs. — Kpvcj>a 8e : with 
 Trpeo-peudp.evoi : sending envoys not openly, but secretly, through fear of, etc. So 
 Poppo, Kriig., Boeh., CI. : others join Kpv^xx 8s by an irregularity of const, 
 with IvfjYov (iv, dyto). — ■ ov\ ^KurTo, (a frequent form of litotes) .... 
 evriYov, in no slight degree .... helped on, etc. — cwTcvofioi : why nom.? 
 - — Ka,Ta Tas cnrovSds (the opposite of Trapd rds <nr-) : according to the treaty. 
 "What treaty is here referred to by the Aeginetans is not known with cer- 
 tainty : some say, the thirty years' truce (concluded 445 b. c, fourteen 
 years previous to this debate) ; others (O. Miiller and Goeller), the ancient 
 alliance against Persia is alluded to. Cf. Grote's History, ch. xlviii., in a 
 foot-note on this passage. — 3. irpccrTrapciKaXea-avTes .... kcu st tis : 
 having summoned in addition (Trpoo--), i. e. in addition to those whom the 
 Corinthians had summoned, — any one also whoever of the allies affirmed (&|»ti) : 
 
THUCYDIDES I. 89 
 
 d' tis, like Scttis, has the force of a compound relative pron., the antece- 
 dent part being limited by twv £vp.p,-, the relative part being the subj. of 
 &J>t]. — tI &XXo .... T|8iK-q<r0cH, that he had been wronged in anything else 
 (aside from the specifications of the Corinthians and Aeginetans). — £vX- 
 Xo-yov o-<j>wv a-uTtov .... rbv elwGora, their own customary assembly, i. e. the 
 Spartan assembly composed of all citizens above thirty years of age. (Schoe- 
 mann, cited by Classen.) Cf. Smith's History of Greece, ch. vii., § 7. — 
 X4"yeiv 4k4X€vov, ordered (any one present, not only those whom they them- 
 selves had summoned, but also the Corinthians and those whom they had 
 summoned) to speak. — 4. tc . . . . kcu, not only . ... but especially. — 
 irapidvTes, coming forward, — a common word, spoken of those who came 
 forward to speak in an assembly. Cf. below irapeXGovres. — a>s cxaa-Toi : 
 cf. 48, 4, Note. — Kal eVcpa .... p.dXio-Ta 8e kt!., both other grievances, 
 not a few, and above all the fact that they were excluded from, etc. — Kal tovs 
 aXXovs edo-avres, having allowed the others also. (So kcu is understood here. 
 Kriig., Boeh., CI.) For a full account of the important debate which fol- 
 lows, cf. Grote's History, ch. xlviii., and especially Wilkins's Speeches from 
 Thucydides (p. 25). 
 
 After the Corinthians had spoken, the next speech was from certain 
 Athenians (through one of their number, selected to speak for the others), 
 who were accidentally present in Sparta on other business. After the Athe- 
 nians had concluded, Archidamus, one of the kings of the Lacedaemonians, 
 "a man seeming to be both prudent and temperate," came forward and 
 spoke ; and he, in turn, was followed by Sthenelaidas, one of the ephors, 
 in a brief, but stirring and warlike address. Thus four speeches in all are 
 reported by Thucydides. The first three are especially instructive, and 
 worthy of study, but are too difficult, in my judgment, to be really profit- 
 able to the young student. 
 
 Chap. 87. 4ire\}/T|<|H£ev .... Is t^jv 4k-, he put the vote to the assembly 
 of . . . . himself, by virtue of his office as ephor (lit. being ephor, or because he 
 was ephor, the particip. <ov denoting here' the idea of cause). €iri\|/Ti<}>^fc> 
 with 4s and ace. occurs only here, and hence 4s tt|v 4k- is considered doubt- 
 ful. It is retained by most editors, but bracketed by Kriiger. — 2. 6 84, 
 but he, same subj. as in the preceding sentence, used as in Homer. In At- 
 tic writers, "it refers almost always to a different subject from that of 
 the preceding sentence." H. 325, a (-y). "The account here given of the 
 method of taking a vote is the fullest that we possess." Schoemann, cited 
 by Classen. — Kpivovcri -yap, for they decide, they vote. — ovk &j>r| Siay-, de- 
 nied (Lex. <pT]p.l, III.) that he distinguished, or affirmed that he did not, etc. 
 Though it may be rendered in the latter way, yet ovk must be understood 
 as qualifying gcjuj, not Sicry. — oiroTepa, sc. e'tr] : [xel£«v, greater, i. e. louder, 
 indicating a majority. — 6pp.f)«rai (6pp.d«), trans., with aiJTOvs as obj., to 
 impel them more into, etc., i. e. to commit them more fully to, etc.: diroSeiK-, 
 the means, by declaring, etc. — dvacn-TjTa) 4s kt|., a condensed form of ex- 
 pression : let him rise up (and go) into the place yonder. — 8e(£as refers back 
 to the subj. of £Xe£ev. — |at|, hypothetical ; assumed as real in Sokovctiv (sc. 
 
90 NOTES. 
 
 al o-irov8a£). H. 761 ; G. § 233, Note 1 : to whomsoever they do not seem (to 
 have been broken), etc. — Before ts to. kt4., supply dva(TTT|Tw : rd, sc. \<apia : 
 8a.T€pa (so, without coronis, Poppo, Kriig., Boeh., CL), crasis for rd &rcpa 
 (also written with coronis, 0&T€pa), (let him rise up and go) to the places in 
 the opposite direction. — 3. irXeiovs, without the article, predicate : and there 
 were far more, etc. — 4. irpoo-KaXe'o-avTe's t« tovs (jvp.-, and having called in 
 the allies. It was mentioned above (in ch. 79, which was omitted) that 
 they had removed the allies from the assembly, after the Corinthians and 
 Athenians had spoken, and deliberated by themselves. — Observe after 
 etirov the two constructions, 6tl .... Sokoicv (orat. obliq.), and jBovXecrGai : 
 also the emphat. posit, of cnfaCcri before \iiv (correl. of 8e after (3ovX-), that, 
 to them, the Athenians seemed . . . . , but that they wished, etc. — K<xl rovs 
 •n-dvTas £vpp-. On the position of iras, cf. H. 537 ; S. Gr. 382, b ; G. § 142, 
 
 4, ISTote 1, the whole body of allies also, i. e. representatives from the entire 
 confederacy. In the deliberations which had just taken place, only a part 
 had been represented. — TrapaKaXe'cravTes, having summoned, agrees with the 
 subj. of (3ovX€<t0ch. Why nomJ — \|/f)<|>ov eira-ycryeiv : Lex. eird-ya), 5. — 
 Koivfj qualifies tov ttoX- ttoiwvtcu, not less than povXevcrdpevoi. — 5. ot 
 .... TTpeo-pcis, sc. dinyjapva-av ktr' oi'kou. — ec{)' airep .... \P T || Jia - 
 Tio-avT€S, having accomplished the business for which they came. "What this 
 business was, Th. does not state. "In contrast with Herodotus, he per- 
 haps intentionally avoids digressions, which do not illustrate his proper 
 theme." CI. — 6. ttjs €KKXr|<rias, tov .... XeXvo-0ai : two genitives with 
 one substantive (t| Sicry-) ; the former subjective, the latter objective : 
 this decision of the assembly, to the effect that the truce, etc. — o-irov8<iuv limits 
 &m (fr. £ros) : 7rpoK€X«pr]Kuia>y, pf. particip. fr. -irpoxwpew : lit. on the four- 
 teenth year of the thirty years' truce having moved forward, i. e. on the fourteenth 
 year after the conclusion of, etc. — Td Ev(3oiKd : cf. Smith's Hist, of Greece, 
 ch. xxiii. § 22. 
 
 Chap. §8. iroX€|XT]Tea <=Tvai : verbal adj., impers., plur. H. 804, b; 
 
 5. Gr. 549 ; G. § 281, 2. — ireurOe'vTss .... <j>oPot!p.€voi : denoting cause : 
 not so much because they were persuaded by .... as because they feared, etc. 
 
 — p/f| . . . . 8uvt)0w<tiv : lit. lest they (the Ath.) become powerful to a greater 
 (degree), i. e. lest they become still more powerful. — avrois, i. e. tois j A0-. 
 
 History of the growing power of Athens from the battle of Mycale to the 
 beginning of the Peloponnesian war : 479 to 431 b. c. (Chaps. 89-118.) 
 
 Chap. 89. roiwSe. Recollect the distinction between toiovtos and 
 toioo-Sc, the former denoting what precedes, the latter what follows. — rd 
 •n-pd-yjjLaTa : used here in its widest sense, affairs, events. — 2. kcu vcukt! kcu 
 Tre^w, both in ships and in land force : the former at Salamis, the latter at 
 Plataea. — Is MvKaXnv, with KaTcufjt'Y-Jvres. — ^^ Pa<riXea>s, from the Jang, 
 i. e. of Persia: without the article, as in Xen. Anab. H. 530, a, end; S. Gr. 
 379, a. — {iirop.etvavT€S (inrojAevw), having stood their ground, standing firmly . 
 
 — ciroXiopKOvv, imperf. denoting the act in its beginning and continuance, 
 -proceeded to besiege. — MtjSwv (th.p Medes, called in Herodotus and in modern 
 histories usually the Persians) 4x° vtwv j while the Medes held possession (of it). 
 
THUCYDIDES I. 91 
 
 — auTrjv (i. e. S^o-rov) : obj. both of etXov and of ckXitt-. — KaTa (distribu- 
 tive) irdXeis, to their several cities. — 3. to koivov : collective : the common- 
 wealth, the body of the citizens: takes the verb (SieKop-) in the plur. — 60ev 
 vttzI-sQzvto, from the place in which they had put (them) for safety. See Smith's 
 History of Greece, ch. xix., Battle of Salamis, § 2. — ircuSas, ktc., obj. of 
 SieKop-, and understood with tnre£e0-. — ttjv irepiovcrav (ir€pi, elpi) Kaxa- 
 <tk€utjv, their remaining house furniture, i. e. remaining, after all the losses, 
 in the hasty flight to Salamis, and in the sojourn there. — tov .... -irepi- 
 |3dXov fipayj£a,for of the wall around (the city) small portions. — at pev iroXXai, 
 oXl-yai Se : partitive appos. with oIkIcu. We may render, and the greater 
 part (lit. the many) of the houses .... but a few, etc. ireirrcoKeo-av, pluperf., 
 augment omitted. H. 311, B. a ; G. § 101, N. 2. irepufjo-av, were remain- 
 ing. Cf. irepiovo-av above. 
 
 Chap. OO. to. pev . . . . to 8e ttXcov : partly .... but the more. — 
 *j8iov : T)8ews. — av with the particip. H. 803 ; S. Gr. 519 ; G. § 211. — 
 opcovTes, particip. denoting cause : because they themselves also would rather see, 
 etc. — eKeivovs, obj. of opwvres, emphatic, referring to the Athenians. — 
 ^XovTa, supplement, particip., in the possession of a wall, i. e. a fortified wall 
 around their city. — tcov £vpp- IfjoTpw- : particip. again denoting cause : 
 because the allies roused them up. — avTwv (i. e. tcov 'A0-) limits tov vavT-. 
 
 — *yevope'viiv implies motion, hence the const. Is tov .... iroX- : their dar- 
 ing spirit which had been thrown into the Persian war, or more freely, which 
 had arisen in the Persian war. — 2. f|£lovv, subj. AaKeSai. — dXXd Kal .... 
 pdXXov .... £uYKa6eXeiv (depends on T|£iovv) peTa crcpcov (i. e. tuv AaKeS-) 
 kt|., but even rather to join with them in demolishing the walls of (all) those with- 
 out, etc. : oVois relates to twv e"£co IXeX- : £w€io-TT|K€i, subj. implied in 
 T€l X^t €lv i l - c - r °- t^X 7 ] '■ lit- t° as many as (their walls) were standing, i. e. 
 more freely, of (all) those without Pel-, who still had walls. — to PovXdpevov 
 (as subst.) Kal vttotttov, the wish and suspicion, obj. of SrjXovvTes. — «s 8e', 
 but on the ground that, closely connected with the demand just mentioned : 
 tov Pappdpov .... ovk av e'x 0VT0 S; the barbarian (i. e. the Persian king), 
 if he, etc., would not have the ability, woidd not be able. Notice ov again with 
 the particip. — iro0e'v, joined with dirb exvpov, ^ as nearly the force of the 
 indef. pron. tivcs : 6ppdcr0ai (dird or eg, to rush forth from, to make one's 
 head-quarters at), would not be able to make his head-quarters at any strong-hold, 
 as now, etc. — dvaxwp-no-iv tc Kal dcpopptjv (denote here not an act, but 
 place), both as a place of refuge and as a starting-point. — 3. tovs AaKeS-, 
 obj. of diroKpivdpevot, having replied to the Laced. — cos (prep.) avTOtis, i. e. 
 tovs AaKeS. — irepl tov (neut.), relat. attracted to the case of the. omitted 
 anteced., concerning (those things) which.. — dirTjXXagav (sc. avTOvs, i. e. tovs 
 AaK-) is not quite synonymous with dire'irepij/av, but implies that they 
 were glad to get rid of their unwelcome guests. — eKe'Xevev, sc. avTovs, i. e. 
 tovs 'A0- : lavTov, obj. of dirocrre'XXei.v. — eXope'vovs agrees with the obj. 
 of eKe'Xevev, which is also subj. of aTroo-Te'XXeiv and eKTre'pTreiv, and takes 
 dXXovs .... irpe'o-peis as its obj.: urged (them) to send himself. . . . , and 
 having chosen other envoys, etc. — errio-xeiv (eireyju), sc. avTovs. — P«XP l 
 
92 NOTES. 
 
 too-ovtov &os &v . . . . dtpoxriv (al'pco): &v with aor. subjunc. as fut. perf. 
 H. 760 ; S. Gr. 515, b : until they have raised, etc. — ikcu/ov (pred. adj. with 
 to T€ix°s) .... wo-T€ aTrop.- .... v\j/ous, sufficiently, so as to Jig hi from 
 the most necessary height, i. e. from the lowest elevation absolutely necessary (for 
 defence). He exhorted them to detain the envoys until the wall had 
 reached such a height, and not a day longer. — irdvTas .... ircuSas, 
 subj. of T€ix.t£€iv, depends on iKeXevev above : the subj. is stated with the 
 utmost emphasis, that all, without discrimination, who were in the city, both 
 themselves and women and children, etc. — £o-tcu : more vivid than if he had 
 said €lt|, which would be the more usual const. — 4. 6 \Uv (correl. with ot 
 8e, ch. 91), he, i. e. Themistocles. — inreiTfwv : Lex. inreiTreiv, III. — TaXXa 
 .... irpd£oi (optat. fut., in a dependent sentence, after a historic tense, 
 very rare : the aor. optat. is more comm. ; the fut. indie, still more fre- 
 quent. Kriiger reads here Trpd|ei) : in respect to the rest, that he himself would 
 attend to matters there (t&kci — to. 4k£i, the things there, i. e. in Lacedaemon). 
 — 5. irpoo-rjet irpos, only here : elsewhere TrpocrUvcu with dat. CI. — Tas 
 dpxas : abstract for concrete : the magistrates. Lex. dpx*|. Cf. t»v ev reXei 
 ovtcov (below), of those being in office. — ottotc .... gpou-o (epwTdw, aor. 
 Tjpd}j.T|v) : indefinite frequency of past action. H. 729, b ; S. Gr. 500 ; G. 
 § 213, 3 : whenever any one of, etc., asked him: '6 ti (in an indirect ques- 
 tion), why: (in a direct question ti, why) : adverb, ace. H. 552, a; S. Gr. 
 397, a ; G. § 160, 2. — eirepxeTcu : notice here the pres. indie, after a past 
 tense : more vivid than the optat. eirepxoiTO : H. 735 ff ; S. Gr. 503, 504 ; 
 G. § 247. — lir! to koivov, before the public assembly. — dvape'veiv, same subj. 
 as &j>T], he said he was waiting for, etc. — dcrxoXias .... ovo-t|s : gen. abs. 
 denoting cause : because there was some business. Quite true ! but he was 
 careful not to tell what that business was. — 7rpocr8€X€cr9ai .... i^eiv, 
 however, that he expected {them) to come shortly. — Trdpeio-iv : cf. note on 
 €TT€px€Tat above. 
 
 Chap. Olo Ol 84, the Lacedaemonians. — avrov : objective gen.: out 
 of regard for him. — twv Se dXXwv d4>iKvovp.eva>v .... KaTt|"yop- : gen. abs. 
 denoting here prominently the idea of time ; less prominently that of 
 cause : pies, particip. denoting repeated action : and while the others — i. e. 
 all that came from Athens to Sparta, on any business whatever — (contin- 
 ually) arriving were declaring unequivocally (kcu o-<xc|>ws, lit. even clearly, even 
 distinctly), etc.- — &n ktI. orat. recta, for greater vividness. Instead of a 
 declarative conjunc, in English, only quotation-marks would be used; and 
 we should render it, if we retain the orat. recta, " the wall is going up and 
 already attains/' etc. Teix^eTai, impers. : Xap-pdvei, subj. to tcixos, sug- 
 gested by T€L\i|€Tai. Cf. 90, 2 : note on the subj. of €LO-Tf^K€i. — ovk etyov 
 ottods ktI., they knew not (lit. they had not the knowledge or the ability) how they 
 could disbelieve (the reports) : lit. how it is proper, etc. XP"f], pres. indie, 
 where the optat. would also be grammatical. H. 735 ; 736 ; S. Gr. 503 ; 
 504 ; G. § 242. — 2. p/fj . . . . pdXXov . . . . t) ire'p\{/ai : lit. not -to be misled 
 by reports rather than to send : in an English idiom, not .... but rather to 
 send, etc. — XP 1 ! " 1 " ^ King- and CI. understand here clo-i. Why not 
 
THUCYDIDES I. 93 
 
 connect \pir\a-ToC and <tk&\i6l\l- ? who being men of character (Lat. probi), and 
 having made personal inspection, shall bring trustworthy reports. — 3. irejxim, 
 sends (a message) : kcX^wv, bidding {them, the Ath.). — cos tjkio-tcx, ein^avcos : 
 as little as possible openly : with as little apparent force as possible. J oin with, 
 the following infinitives. — KaTatrxeiv .... d<f>€ivai, sc. avrovs. — cuitoi, 
 they themselves,!, e. Themistocles and his fellow- envoys. — jjffj .... ovk€ti 
 d<j)coo-iv (cf. d<j>eivai above, fr. d<j>iTj[ii, to let go) : that . ... no longer, etc. 
 Notice fiTj ov, that not, after a verb of fearing. How is the idea that not 
 expressed in Latin after verbs of fearing ? — <r<f>ds (obj. of d<f>coo-i.v) : same 
 persons as avTOt above. — oirore .... dxovcmav : when they should hear 
 (the facts) distinctly. The optat. denotes simply possibility. H. 730 ; S. Gr. 
 499; or, as G. explains it'(§§ 224, 232, 4), "a supposed future case, in a 
 less distinct and vivid form." The subjunc. oiroTav dKovcrcooriv would be 
 equally grammatical here, but would denote a more distinct probability. 
 H. 728 ; S. Gr. 497 : or "future condition in the more vivid form." G. 
 § 232, 3. — 4. toa-7r€p eirec-raXr) (errurre'XXco), just as was enjoined (by 
 Themistocles). — erreXGtov rots Aax- : having gone before the Laced., i. e. be- 
 fore the assembly of the people. Const. H. b'05 ; S. Gr. 439 ; G. § 187. 
 Cf. ch. 90, 5, ovk lirepxcTCH eirl to koivov — Notice the emphatic force of 
 8t| after evTavOa. — cos irpbs Siay- .... I'vai : that they (the Lacedaemo- 
 nians, or the allies) henceforth go as if to persons thoroughly comprehending, 
 etc. — Ta t€ <rtj>icriv a-uxois £tp.Cfjopa Kal to, koivu, sc. |vp.cf>opa : both those 
 things profitable to themselves and the public {interests). — 5. tt)v .... ttoXiv: 
 obj. of IkXitoiv, placed before 6re for emphasis : for when it seemed that it 
 was better to abandon, etc. Allusion is made again to the events just pre- 
 ceding the battle of Salamis (480 b. a). — aveu €Keivcov : without them, i. e. 
 without the advice of the Lacedaemonians. — ^"yvovres ToXp-fja-at, that they, 
 having decided, dared (i. e. tt|v ttoXiv ckXutciv ktI.) : roXp.f]orat .... ftov- 
 XeiJ€o-0ai .... <fjavf]vai, depend on <£$a<rav. Instead of (3ovXev€(r0at, we 
 should expect PovXc-uoivto (a hypothetical relat. sentence referring to past 
 time) ; and, on the other hand, whatever measures they deliberated on together 
 with the Lacedaemonians ; yet, says Boehme, Th. has the infin. after the 
 relat. pron. in orat. obliqua nine times. — xxrrtpoi, pred. with $avr\va.i, 
 which has the same subj. as %$acra.v : that they appeared behind no one, etc. 
 ■ — 6. 8ok€iv : oratio obliqua continued ; dependent on &f>a<rav, or perh. on 
 el-rrev at the beginning of these remarks from Themistocles. Kriiger rejects 
 £<j>acrav, but the other editors retain it : accordingly (i. e. in accordance 
 with this habit of deciding independently) it seemed to them now also (i. e. 
 now also, or now again, they had decided), etc. — Kal ISLa .... &reo-0ai: 
 the rendering, and that it would be more profitable for the citizens privately and 
 for all the allies, is rejected by Classen, who makes ISia and es toi>s -n-dyras 
 £up.- parallel expressions ; thus, and that it would be more profitable for the 
 citizens, in their private interests, and in their relations to all their allies, — a 
 more exact interpretation, as it seems to me. CI. shows by citations that 
 the insertion of a clause, like tois iroXirais, between two parallel expres- 
 sions, is quite after the manner of Thucyd. — 7. otdv Te. Eecollect that 
 
94 NOTES. 
 
 olos T€ means able : otov re, possible : for it was not possible, etc. — |x-fj dirb 
 dvT- irap-, sc. PovXeuojxe'vovs : 6p.otcv ti i\ 'itrov .... PovXerecrGai : to 
 
 offer any similar or equal advice (i. e. similar or equal to that which, the Lace- 
 daemonians and others might offer) before the public assembly (or, as many 
 understand it, for the public good), unless {offering such advice) with a corre- 
 sponding (military) preparation (lit. from, etc.). — irdvras, subj. of £v[ifi- ; 
 dreix^a-TOvs, pred. ; he said it was ftting, either that all, etc. — xd8e, the 
 things which had just been done by the Ath. ; or (it was fitting) to consider 
 even these things, etc. 
 
 Chap. 92. aKovcravTes,, having heard (these things, i. e. the words of 
 Themistocles). — €tti with dat. denoting aim : understood with irapcuve'trei : 
 for they did not indeed send envoys to interpose any hinderance, but to urge advice 
 (lit. for urging of etc.) forsooth. — to> koivw : depends on irapaiveVei, the 
 noun taking the same case as the verb from which it is derived : to urge 
 advice forsooth on the public assembly. So Boehme, Classen, Betant, and 
 others. Cf. 91, 7 ; 90, 5 ; 89, 3. Some, however, understand this, and 
 4s to Koivdv, 91 : 7, to meai), for the public good. The former interpre- 
 tation is now preferred. — Connect 7rpo<r4>iXHS 6vi\s .... 6Tiryx avov ' — 
 4v tu tot€ (adv. used as subst.), at that particular crisis. — Sid tt|v €s tov 
 Mf]8ov irpo0upiav. The Athenians were foremost among the Greeks in 
 repelling the Persian invasion. See especially the account of the battles 
 of Marathon and Salamis. — Ta p.dXio-Ta : more frequently without the 
 article : " is to be understood only relatively, since they were never at 
 heart friendly to the Athenians." CI. — avTois with Trpoo-<f>iXets, they hap- 
 pened to be most especially friendly to them, etc. — t^\9ovto. Note the force 
 of the imperf. — oi irpttrfieis iKtrrepuv : i. e. the envoys of the Athenians 
 at Sparta, and the envoys of the Spartans at Athens. — dveiriKX^Ttos. Each 
 party might have found occasion for censuring the other ; the Athenians 
 because the Lacedaemonians had attempted, under a false plea, to hinder 
 them in repairing their fortifications ; the Lacedaemonians because the 
 Athenians, acting under the advice of Themistocles, had completely out- 
 witted and deceived them. 
 
 Chap. 93. 2. StjXt] tj oIk- .... i-yevei-o : prolepsis and also a per- 
 sonal, instead of an irnpers., const. : lit. the structure is plain yet even now (at 
 the time when Thucyd. wrote this), that it was executed in haste. In an 
 Eng. idiom, it is still, even now, plain that the building (of the wall) was exe- 
 cuted, etc. — iravToiwv XiGcov, predicate gen. Boeh. : gen. of material. CI. 
 It may be viewed either way : the foundations are laid of all sorts of stones. 
 — ov Iwap'yacr- (o-w€p-yd£o[j.eu) agrees with XtGwv. — &ttiv t] : cf. 23, 2. 
 Note and gram, references : and, in some places, of (those) not hewn and fitted 
 together. — dXX 5 cos ^Kao-roi. kt4., but (being) as (the laborers) severally, etc., 
 i. e. being in the shape in which they were found and brought by those at 
 work. — Xl0oi elp-yao-pivcH, stones that had been hewn (for other purposes) : 
 iyi<aTik4yy\(rav : e^Ka/raXe-yco. The walls around the city have disappeared ; 
 but in the wall on the northern side of the Acropolis are still seen very dis- 
 tinctly large fragments of fluted marble columns, reminding the scholar of 
 
THUCYDIDES I. 95 
 
 this passage in Thucydides. — p.€t£wv : predicate : emphat. posit. : rr\<$ iroX-, 
 with 6 Trepip- : for the wall of the city was on all sides extended farther (lit. 
 greater), i. e. than it had previously been. — 3. eireio-e (sc. tovs 'AQ-) kt!., 
 persuaded (the Athenians) to go on in building (pres. infin. ), etc., — the second 
 great public work undertaken by the advice of Themistocles. — avTov 
 limits the subst. idea in the verb {i-n-qpKTO (virapyja), there had been a begin- 
 ning of it, i. e. the building of Piraeus. — 4ir£ with gen. in the time of: tt}s 
 6K€ivov dpx.fjs, his archonship. Boeckh fixes the date at 494-3 b. c, and 
 this is followed by Curtius, in his Grecian History. Kriiger fixes on the 
 date 482-1. Grote understands dpxns of his command as general in the 
 year 480 b. c. ; but this opinion is not generally adopted. — - •qs with •fjp^e 
 as ace. of cogn. meaning, but attracted to the case of the anteced. : ko,t' 
 evta-uTov, closely connected with ^s, which annual office he held over the Athe. 
 Some, however, understand KG/r' cvicurrdv to mean, for a year, during a year. 
 — tois 'AG- : dat. of interest. — vo;n£wv : connect closely with the subj. 
 of frmcre. — tc . . . . KaL. Two considerations influenced him, — the favor- 
 able situation of the place (i. e. Piraeus), and especially the fact that they (the 
 Ath.) in having become a maritime people, obtained an important advantage in 
 respect to the acquisition of power. — to yotpiov, i. e. Piraeus. — Xip-e'vas .... 
 rpeis avTO<}>- : consult map. — 'dyov agrees with to yjtaplov. — avToiis, subj. 
 of irpo4>e'p€iv (intrans. ). Some, however, continue to \wpiov as the subj. 
 of irpo<j)€peiv, considering it as transitive, and take avToxis as obj. This 
 const, is rejected by Kriig., Boeh., CI., Betant. — -yap : Lex. I. 2, (3 : used 
 to confirm what has just been said : strengthened by 8tj. In fact, he first 
 dared, etc.: tt)s 0aXdo-o"»]s, with dvQeKTe'a (plur. impers. : verbal adj. fr. 
 dvT€'xop.ai) kcrrl, sc. avTois, dat. of agent : that they must hold to the sea. — ■ 
 Tt^jv dpx-riv .... %vyKO.Tea-K(iva.lev (<rvv, Kara., a-Mvat<a) : closely connected 
 with eVeio-e .... oiKoSofieiv above : Themistocles persuaded (them), etc., 
 .... and he immediately joined with (them) in laying the foundations (of the 
 work) : more lit. in preparing the beginning (of the ivork, i. e. the fortifying 
 of Piraeus). The expression indicates that the work was only begun, not 
 finished, before his banishment. — 5. Sircp relates to to irdxos. Connect 
 irepl tov rieip- with a>Ko8o(xt]o-av. — 8vo -yap kt!. : a clause thrown in to 
 indicate, as by a picture, the thickness of the wall : for two wains, passing 
 each other, etc. €Trf]-yov, eird^co : en--, upon (the wall). — Ivtos, within, i. e. 
 in the inner part of the wall, between the two outer sides. — d\Xa .... 
 Xl0oi, sc. fjo-av, there were, suggested by ^v above. — fjwo>Ko8-, o~uvoiko8o- 
 H-€w. — 6VTop.fi eyycovioi, in hewing (made) rectangular. — o-i8r|pa) .... kcA 
 p,oXvp8u>, with iron and lead, — melted lead having been used then, as now, 
 to fasten the bent ends of the iron in the holes drilled in the stone. — to. 
 '4l-<a-: ace. of specif., on the outer surfaces: connect with SeSepivoi (Se'o, to 
 bind). — •fjp.io-u : pred. : ivas completed (to) about half of that which he intended. 
 Curtius (Gr. Gesch.) conjectures that a height of 60 feet was intended. 
 The foundations of this wall are still easily followed almost entirely around 
 Piraeus, and, on the northern side, portions of considerable height are now 
 standing. — 6. ko,1 twv dxpei--, and those the least serviceable (either on ac- 
 
96 NOTES. 
 
 count of their youth, or of their age, or for other reasons). — dpKeVeiv tt)v 
 <j>v\a,KT|v (subj.), that the protection [the guarding) of ... . would be sufficient, 
 i. e. to defeat the plots of enemies. — 7. p.dXio-Ta irpocreKeiTo (with clat. 
 H. 605 ; S. Gr. 439 ; G. § 187), he laid great stress on, he attached the highest 
 importance to, etc. — t^v .... &jso8ov .... oicrav (supplement, particip. 
 after I8wv), that the attack of .... by sea was, etc. — rf]s Kara yfjv, sc. 
 €<j>68ov, depends on the compar. evirop-, easier than, etc. — tt]s avu irdX-, 
 than the upper city, i. e. Athens, in distinction from Piraeus. — dpa, not 
 easily rendered by a sufficiently brief expression, but quite expressive in 
 the Greek sentence, indicating that some such event as is here supposed 
 might very likely happen. — KarapdvTes, after rots 'A0- ; cf. the const, of 
 ecrf3(,pda-avT€s after avrois, 53, 1 : dTroXo-yrjo-Qpe'vous after avTOis, 72, 1. — 
 es custov, i. e. Piraeus : having gone down into it (from the upper city). — 
 rats vav<ri, means or instrument with dvOlo-r-. — 8. pe'v has its correl. at 
 the beginning of the following chapter. 
 
 Chap. 94. The narrative, interrupted with ch. 89 : 2, is here resumed. 
 
 — f-vve'ir-, sailed in company, i. e. with Pausanias and the Peloponnesian 
 forces : under the command of Aristides and Cimon, according to Plut. 
 Ar. 23. — vavcri : dat. of accom. — itXt^os : connected by Kai to 'AG-. — 
 €s Bu£dvTiov : connect with ecrrpdrevo-av above. — £|€7roXiopK7]crav : mark 
 well the difference in meaning between this and the simple verb n-oXiopKcw. 
 
 — iv rfjSe ttj Tj-ysjAovia, during this command, in this leadership, i. e. while 
 Pausanias still had the chief command. 
 
 Chap. 05, avrav : Pausanias. — T€ . . . . kcii : not only .... but espe- 
 cially, but particularly. — ov\ ^Kicrra: litotes: in no slight degree. — oi "Loves. 
 For an account of the early settlement of the Ionians in "Western Asia 
 Minor, see Smith's Hist. ch. iv. § 9. — airo Pao-iXe'tos, from the king (i. e. 
 of Persia) : note the omission of the article, as though it were a proper 
 name. H. 530, a ; S. Gr. 379, a. — dVoi .... TjXe-uGepcovTO. See Smith's 
 Hist. ch. xx. §§ 13, 14. — avroxis, subj. of •yeveVGcu : tjyepdvas, pred. : o-«J>c5v 
 refers to the subj. of tj^iow : demanded that they (the Ath.) become leaders -of 
 them (all who had lately become independent of the king). — Kara to %vy- 
 •yeve's, in accordance with their relationship, because of their, etc. In this en- 
 tire history, it must be borne in mind that the Athenians were Ionians, 
 and the Lacedaemonians, Dorians, and that affinity to one or the other of 
 these tw T o leading tribes constituted often a powerful motive. — f]V irov 
 (Lex. ttov, 2) f3id£T)Tcu (mid.) : if perchance he may act with violence. The 
 optat., & ttov Pid^oiTO, would be equally grammatical, but would denote a 
 less distinct probability. — 2. k&i^avro .... -n-poo-etxov : note the differ- 
 ence between the aor. and imperf. : received the representations, a single act : 
 gave their attention (during the time that Pausanias, by his overbearing con- 
 duct, was alienating the allies). — «s with particip. H. 795, c ; S. G. 540, 
 c ; G. § 277, Note 2 : ■jrepiovfKsp.evQt (irepiopdw) : cf. 24, 6 ; 25, 2 : here 
 without an obj. expressed : as if they would not look on with indifference. — 
 T&XXa, obj. of KaracrTTj o-dp-. — aiiTois : does it refer to the allies or to the 
 Athenians ? The language admits either ; the sense suggests rather the 
 
THUCYDIDES I. 97 
 
 latter (the Ath.). So Poppo, Kriig., Boeli., CL: and would settle the rest as 
 might appeal^ best to them. — 3. dvaKpivoiivT€s (dvaxpivw) : fut. particip.: 
 purpose. — cov irepi (anastrophe), concerning those things which. — cltjtov, 
 with tear-, was alleged against him. — e'cpcwveTO : subj. not expressed ; sug- 
 gested by the connection : (his conduct) appeared rather an imitation of, etc. 
 
 — KaXeurGai tc &pa koI : render tipa with the second clause: both to be 
 called, and at the same time (it happened) that the allies, etc. — ckclvov, objec- 
 tive gen., against him, or towards him. — 5. twv .... dSiKTjpdTwv: gen. of 
 cause : for the wrongs privately committed in respect to certain matters. So CI. 
 understands irpds nva, but suggests that irpos nvas is perhaps the true 
 reading. Some, however, understand nvd as ace. sing, masc, against any 
 individual. Opposed to this is rd pe'"yi.G-Ta, in respect to the principal changes, 
 i. e. those pertaining to his offences against the state. — diroXveTcu pr) d8i- 
 Keiv : H. 838 ; S.„ Gr. 572 ; G. § 263 : he is acquitted of injustice. — avTOv : 
 with kcit- : ov\ -q kid-to, (litotes) Mtj8- : and, not among the least of the charges, 
 Medism was alleged against him. — e'SoKei : subj. the idea of the preceding 
 sentence: and it (the fact that he favored the Medes) seemed to be most clear. 
 
 — 6. Kal eKeivov kt4. His subsequent fortunes are related, ch. 128 If. — 
 7. oi 8e : Dorcis and his colleagues. — o-<pi<riv (reflexive for a dependent 
 clause, refers to oi Aat<e8-) .... x^P 01J s (Lex. \eipwv) : worse towards 
 them, i. e. less loyal to them. — diraXXa|e£ovTes (drraXXai-eico) : a desiderative : 
 how formed? H. 472, j ; S. Gr. 327, j. — e|r ; : without obj., depends 
 on iKavoiis : competent to take the lead. — o-<p(.<riv .... eiriTTiSeurus (ef. ch. 
 60, 2), friendly to them. — ev tu tots irapdvTi : in the then present (crisis) : 
 an unusual expression, instead of which we commonly find either ev tu 
 Tore or ev tu irapovTi. 
 
 Chap. 96. Ikovtcdv twv |vp- : gen. abs. : particip. ovtwv omitted. H. 
 791, b ; S. Gr. 542. — eVaijav (Tao-o-to : cf. Eng. tax) &s re kt4., arranged, 
 or determined both which of the cities should furnish money .... and which 
 (of them) ships: irpbs tov |3dp|3- against, etc. — irp6<rXT]pa (cf. Eng. scheme), 
 i. e. irpdcpao-is, a pretext, i. e. for requiring the money and ships. — dpv- 
 vao-6ai »v ^iraGov, to obtain reprisals for those things which they had suffered: 
 (ov, relat. attracted to case of antecedent : gen. of cause. — StjoCvTas (agrees 
 with the subj. of dpvvao-Ocu) : denotes manner : by ravaging, etc. — 2. 'EX- 
 XtjvoTaptai .... kclt£(ttt\ d.p\r\ : Grecian treasurers .... were appointed 
 as an office, or as a board of officers : Kare'o-TTi, assimilated to the number 
 of the appositive apx?) : 'AGrjvaiois, dat. of advantage. — tov <|>dpov (the 
 tribute), — a word which afterwards, and very naturally, became hated 
 among the Greeks, and hence the explanatory clause. — ovtcd . . . . t| cpopd, 
 for thus the contribution of etc. : hence also, after the Peloponnesian war, a 
 new name (o-uvTd£eis, assessments) was introduced. — Af)Xos : a national 
 Grecian sanctuaiy, sacred to Apollo. The treasury was afterwards, in 460 
 b. c, according to Boeckh, transferred to the Acropolis of Athens. — ai 
 £vivo8oi, the gatherings, the synods, the assemblies (of the delegates of the fjvp- 
 paxoi) : iyiy- (implies motion, hence es with the ace), came together, con- 
 vened. 
 
 7 
 
98 NOTES. 
 
 Chap. 97. 'H-yoii|i£voi, sc. ol 'A9-, expressed at the beginning of the 
 preceding chapter: with gen. taking the lead of — avTovdp.wv : pred. posit. : 
 join with it to irpcyrov : {being) at first autonomous. — d-irb koiv- 1-vv- : cf. 
 91, 7. dirb dvTnr- Trapao-Kevfjs .... povXeijeo-Gai. — povXevdVrcov : no- 
 tice here the act.: "generally in Thucyd. in the same sense as the mid." 
 CI. : connected by ko,( to aiTovopcov : and deliberating in common assemblies. 
 
 — roo-dSe €iri]X0ov: cf. 89, 1, •tjXOov eirl rd irpa-y-. — iroXe'ixw .... 8i.ax€<<p- 
 irpa/y- : dat. of means, both by war and by the administration of affairs. — 
 TovSe tov i7oX€[jlo\i, this war, i. e. the Peloponnesian. — irpds, against. — 
 a^Tots = T019 J A0-. — rovs del irpoa-ruyx-, connected closely with the pre- 
 ceding and depending on irpos : det, on each occasion, at any time, — a use 
 of this word not clearly presented in Lid. and Sc. : i v €Kdo-Ta>, neut. : and 
 {against) those of the Pel. happening at any time to be involved in each (affair). 
 
 — 2. e'-ypcuj/a and eiroi^<rap.ev : notice here the aor. where we should more 
 naturally use the perf. In the same way irpoe'-ypa^a, ch. 23, 5. Cf. H. 
 706 ; S. Gr. 481. — currd, them, the affairs just above referred to in &. — 
 ttjv ck^oX^v tov Xo-y-, the digression from my narrative. — Sti : causal. — 
 rots .... diratriv : dat. of interest in looser relations : on the part of all 
 those before me ; is understood of the so-called logographers up to the time 
 of Herodotus, and perhaps including him. ■ — touto to \<aplov, this passage, 
 or this period, that which intervened between the Persian and the Pelopon- 
 nesian wars. — to, 'EXXt]viKd, the affairs of Greece : Ta MijStKa. the Median 
 affairs = here the Persian war: (jweTiGtcrav, they composed (a history of). — 
 TOiJTtov, neut. ; refers to the same events as avrd after e^pa^a : cf. note 
 above : depends on fj\j/a,To : the very man who barely touched upon these events : 
 'EXXdviKos, appos. with oVirep.- — tois \povois, in the times, i. e. in respect to 
 the dates. — €ir€jxvTjcr6t] (eirip.ifji.VT|c-Kto), sc. tovtwv, made mention of (these 
 things). — dird8€i|iv '&X&-, subj. Tcuh-a, expressed above in toutcov : (these 
 events) afford an exhibition of etc. — tt)s apx*15 .... ttjs t<3v 'A0- ev ol'w 
 Tpdirttf KaT€o-TT| : prolepsis : lit. of the government, that of the Ath., in what 
 manner (it) became established, or, in an Eng. idiom, of the manner in which 
 the government of, etc., became established. 
 
 The events on which the historian touches in this digression from his 
 main narrative, though interesting and instructive to the ancient Greeks, 
 and especially to the Athenians, are less interesting, I think, to a young 
 student now than some other passages, and hence are omitted in this work. 
 For a full account of this period the student is referred to Grote's History 
 of Greece, or, for a briefer narrative, to Smith's History. 
 
 Chap. 118. MeTo. TatiTa 8« : And after these things, i. e. those events 
 which had just been described in the digression. — ^-/veTou : subj. tcl 
 irpoeip-qpe'va (perf. pass. Lex. irpoepew), those things spoken of before. — oVa, 
 subj. of KaTlo-TTj : irpd<|>ao-is, pred. : to-u8€ to-0 iroXe'p.ov, cf. 97, 1 : whatever 
 became an occasion of etc. — 2. TavTa £jv|iiravTa, subj. of iyivero : (xdXio-Ta, 
 about, very nearly: 480 b. a date of the retreat of Xerxes; 431, beginning 
 of the Pelop. war. — €"yKpaT€o-Te'pav : pred. posit. : KaTecrr^cravTO (note 
 here the meaning of the 1st aor. mid. of Ka0«rn}p.i), establislied (for them- 
 
THUCYDIDES I. 99 
 
 their government on a firmer basis. — Kal avrol kt!., and they them- 
 selves, etc., spoken of the growth of their power at home in Attica, while 
 the preceding clause is spoken of their government over the entire confed- 
 eracy. — eirl [xe'-ya .... Svvduews : a form of expression rare in Attic 
 Greek : may be rendered by the English, to a high degree of power. Cf. Iirl 
 iro\ii ttjs 0a\d<ro-T]s, ch. 50, 2. — o#t€ . . . . -re : did not hinder (it, i. e. 
 the growth of the Athenian power) .... and, etc. — Iirl (3paxv is under- 
 stood, not of time, but of measure ; in a slight degree. — irpb tov : H. 525, d ; 
 S. Gr. 375, b ; G. § 140 : before this (time). — |at?| Towels U'vcu, not hasty to 
 go. Note here the negative urj, where we should expect ov, — an exceed- 
 ingly rare use, presenting the thought (if the reading is genuine) not as a 
 mere negative, but as "a negation willed, aimed at, or assumed" H. 832 ; 
 S. Gr. 569. Kriiger suggests that p.r| is used on account of the infin. U'vcu 
 just, after ; CI. that there is something lively and deprecatory in the expres- 
 sion (etwas lebhaft Ablehnendes) ; Arnold and Poppo, that p.rj is a mistake 
 for ov. — to 8c ti KO.C, but partly also: H. 525, a ; S. Gr. 375, a : may per- 
 haps be explained as adverbial ace. — irplv 8tj : note here the force of 8rj, 
 "marking the idea of the sentence as immediately present to the mind." 
 H. 851, until now, until at last. — fj'peTO (cu'pw) must not be confounded with 
 any part of atpew. — Kal .... tjtttovto. I understand this to be spoken 
 of the Athenians, and av-rwv (which is not reflex., and cannot refer to the 
 subj. of -fjirTOVTo) to refer to the leading subj. of the sentence oi AaKeS- : 
 and they touched their confederacy : i. e. and they encroached on their confed- 
 eracy. — dvacrxerov : used as subst. : they made it (the fact that the Athe- 
 nians had reached their confederates) a thing no longer tolerable : they con- 
 sidered it no longer tolerable. — iTriy^ipriria. cSokcl ctvcu . . . . T| iayys : a 
 personal const. : more easily rendered into Eng. impersonally : it seemed 
 (to them) that the strength (of the Athenians) must, etc. : dpauevots (al'pw) 
 agrees with the dat. of the agent understood with the verbal adj.: (by 
 them) in taking up, in beginning.— 3. cuVrots (intens.) .... AaKeS- may 
 be viewed either as dat. of interest or dat. of agent. H. 600 ; S. Gr. 435 ; 
 G. § 188, 3 : now, on the part of the Lacedaemonians themselves, it had been 
 decided. Cf. ch. 87. — ir€u\|/avT€S . . . • €irt]pwT<ov (eirepojTcuo), subj. ol 
 AaKeS-. — -el (sc, cr<j>£o-i) iro\- .... go-rat (more vivid than &r\), whether 
 it would be better for them engaging in war : i. e. ivhether it would be for their 
 advantage to engage in war. — dveiXev : Lex. dvaipe'o), III., gave a response. 
 
 — avTds, with the subj. of the infin., that he himself would take part with 
 {them), etc. 
 
 Chap. 119. A30is : cf. 67, 3 ; 87, 4. — ^>i\^ov eiraYa-yeiv : cf. 87, 4. 
 
 — £vvd8ov (Eng. synod) -yev--, an assembly having been convened. Cf. 96, 2 ; 
 97, 1. — ol' re aXXoi .... Kal ol KoptvGioi, not only the others .... but 
 particularly the Cor. — oi irXetovs, appos. with ot aXXoi. — twv 'A0-, with 
 KaxT]"yop-, the greater part accusing the Ath. — Se^Oevres (SeojAai) .... I8£a. 
 Notice the remarkable particularity of this sentence, having previously be- 
 sought (them) each privately even city by city. — wore, though not necessary 
 here, yet brings out more fully the notion of purpose (a result to be attained). 
 
100 NOTES. 
 
 — \ii\ irpo8icwJ>9apfj (irpoSiac^Geipco), lest it be previously destroyed, i. e. before 
 the Peloponnesians declare war against Athens. Cf. 65, 3. — SerjGevTes 
 (aIv .... Trap6vT€$ 8s : correlative. ■ — kcu totc, then also, join with irapov-. — 
 TeXe-uTcuoi €TreX0dvT6s : cf. irapeXOovTes Te\-, ch. 67, 5 : coming forward last. 
 
 Chaps. 12©- 124. Speech of the Corinthians. For the substance of 
 this speech, cf. Grote, ch. xlviii. For a full account of it, cf. Wilkins, 
 'Speeches from Thucydides. 
 
 Chap. 125. -yvXp/rrv, *|/fi4>ov: notice here the omission of the article, with 
 abstract nouns. H. 530 ; S. Gr. 379, a; G. § 141, Note 1, b.— to irXf]0os 
 e\|/- : collective noun with plur. verb. — 2. SeSo-ypivov (Sokc'co) : particip. 
 of an impers. verb, in ace. abs. H. 792 ; S. Gr. 544 ; G. § 278, 2 : conces- 
 sive, though it had been resolved upon. — dSvvaTa tjv : impers. neut. plur. 
 H. 518, a ; S. Gr. 369, a. — oScriv : causal, since they were. — €Kiropi£€o-0at 
 takes as obj. the anteced. of 61: to provide {those things) which, etc. — k<xI 
 |x-?j dvai |xe'XXr|0-iv, and that there be no delay. — Ka0io-Ta|Ji.€vois, sc. avTois, 
 dat. of interest with Si^rpi^ : cov with '<£Sei, a verb of want : but still, in 
 preparing those things of which there was a lack, an entire year did not pass 
 away, but a less period, before they, etc. 
 
 Chap. 126. $\v . . . . lo-aKovwo-iv, sc. ot 'A9-: notice here r\v with 
 the subjunc. (instead of el with the optat.) after a historic tense, denoting 
 a more decided probability. — 2. irpwrov jiiv. The correlative clause is 
 found ch. 139, 1. — to a-yos .... tt]s 0eov, to drive out the abomination of 
 the goddess. The goddess Athena is here alluded to. — The remainder of 
 this chapter is occupied with an account of the conspiracy of Cylon, a 
 remote ancestor of Pericles. As it does not further the narrative before 
 us, it is here omitted. See Smith's History, ch. x., § 7 ; also ch. xxv. § 7. 
 Also Grote, ch. xxxi. 
 
 Chap. 12 f. eKeXevov, sc. tovs 'AG-qvaiovs. — SfjGev (cf. ch. 92) .... 
 TifiwpowTes, forsooth, first of all, avenging the gods. Not the first nor the 
 last instance in which zeal for religion has been an ostensible reason for 
 waging an unjust war. — Trpocrexop-evov, supplement, particip. : aww, i. e. 
 tw 6/y€i, ivas implicated in it. — Kara ri\v \Lt]r(pa, by his mother, or on his 
 mother's side. — eKTreo-ovTos civtoS: gen. abs. denoting condition: if he were 
 banished (lit. fell out). — irpoxcopeiv : infin. pres., where we might expect a 
 fut. : tcl dirb t«v 'A0- (subj. of infin.) : that the things [which they hoped for) 
 from the Athenians would more easily turn out in their favor (lit. more forward 
 for them). — clvtov (i. e. Pericles) : subj. of iraOeiv : tovto, obj. ■ — ■ 'ocrov 
 SicP" kt4., as that it (the fact of their making the demand) would bring 
 reproach, etc. — cos Kal Sid kt!., as though, through his misfortune also in part, 
 etc., i. e. the misfortune of being descended from an ancestry that was 
 accursed. — 3. Ka0' lourrov, contemporary with himself — fjvavTiovTo : Ivav- 
 tloco. — irdvTa: adv. ace. — tous 'A0- : obj. both of €ia (ed«) and of copixa 
 (opjJittto) : emphat. position. 
 
 Chap. 12§. 'AvTCKeXaJOv. Observe the force of dvT-, in reply, in return. 
 A counter-accusation is not usually difficult. — to dirb Tcuvdpov tx-yos, the 
 pollution {proceeding) from Taenarus. — dub Tcuv- below is taken by some as 
 
THUCYDIDES I. 101 
 
 a local gen., at Taen. I think we may understand it in the ordinary sense 
 of dird with gen. and connect it more closely in thought with dira-ya-yovTcs. 
 Though it is more convenient for us to render it as a local gen., yet we are 
 not to conclude for this reason that a Greek would view it as such. — t»v 
 EiXwtcov. See Smith's Hist. ch. vii. § 9. — 8t| suggests that the fact here 
 stated was well known : wherefore, as is well known, they even suppose that, 
 etc.- — tov .... cre«r|Jidv. Smith's Hist. ch. xxiii. § 5. — 2. to tt]9 XaX- 
 &*yos, the abomination of the goddess of the bronze house, i. e. Athena. — 3. to 
 irpcjTov (i€T- : cf. eh. 95, 3. — d-n-eXvOr] p.-?; d8ii«tv : cf. 95, 5. — ouKeVi €|eir- : 
 ch. 95, 6. — &V€v Actx-, without {the authority of) the Lac-. Cf. 91, 5. — t&> 
 |xev Xd*yo> . . . . tu 8e 2p-y<«>, professedly . ... but in fact, err! tov 'EX- 
 •jrdX-, for the Hellenic war, i. e. to engage in the, etc. ; the war which the 
 Greeks were still waging against the Persians. — to. irpos |3ao-- .... -/rpdo-- 
 o-€iv (with &4>ikv€ito.i), to manage his business with, etc. — iv6\dpr\(nv : 
 lyyeipew, — !<})t€fJL- .... d.px'fjs, while aspiring to the government of (all) 
 Greece. — 4. evep-yeo-iav . . . . es |3ao-- KO/re'SeTo, he laid up a favor with the 
 king, i. e. he laid the king under obligation. — dirb TovSe points to what fol- 
 lows, and belongs to both members of the sentence : in the following manner, 
 or more exactly, from this (as a starting point). — tov .... Trpd^jxaTos, of 
 the whole affair, i. e. his treasonable communications with the Persian king: 
 dpxrjv, in its primary sense, a beginning. — 5. -yap : epexegetical, Lex. II.; 
 it may be omitted in rendering into English, as we use no particle in such 
 a connection. — ry\ . . . . irapovo-la : dat. of time : at his former arrival, 
 mentioned in ch. 94 ; omitted in this work. — currd and avTw : Bv£dvTiov. 
 — gXajSev, diroTrep/Trei : subj. Ilavo-avias. — Pao-iXei : dat. of interest. — tu» 
 Xd-yw, according to his statement : avTOV : Ilavo-av-. — 6. e'irpaa-o-e .... 
 iiT€Tp€\|/€ .... &ir€p{/€ ; mark the force of the imperf., and of the aor. — 
 (S 4ir€Tp€\J/€, to whom he (Pausan.) intrusted. — 4mo-ToXT|v, obj. of <j>epovTa : 
 avT<5, i. e. PacriXei. - — a>s . . . . avevpiQi) (dvevpio-Kw), as was afterwards 
 found out: subj. of dvevpeGi], the fact stated just before, that the following 
 things had been written in it. — 7. totjo-Sc : obj. of diroirefxiret. — 8opt (Sdpv), 
 an old and poetic form of Sopori : with IXwv, lit. having taken (them) with 
 spear, i. e. having taken them prisoners. — koA .... iroiovp-ai, and I make a 
 proposal. How strikingly does this passage reveal the position of woman, 
 according to the Greek and Persian ideas. It is not intimated that the 
 wishes of the daughter of the king were to be consulted in this arrange- 
 ment. Note the change of person airo-Tre'inm .... iroiovjiai. — ©vya/repa 
 t-?|v o-t|v "yfj[jicH ("yapico). Note the order, giving prominence both to 0vya- 
 Tepa and to t-^jv cttjv. — vTroxeipiov : neut. : qualifies both SirdpTTjv and 
 W|v . . . . 'EX-: H. 511, f ; S. Gr. 361, f ; G. § 138, Note 2. —el ... . 
 dpe'o-Kei, if therefore any of these things pleases you: t! (indef.) followed by <ri 
 (enclit.), hence written tC (same form with the interrog.) : dpeo-Kct with 
 the ace. (o-e), frequent in Plato and other Greek writers ; only here in 
 Thucyd. — lirl 9dX-, to (the) sea, i. e. the Western coast of Asia Minor. 
 "We omit the article in the kindred expressions, by sea, at sea. 
 
 Chap. 129. Me-yaPaT^v: obj. of diraXXd|avTa : having discharged Meg. 
 
102 NOTES. 
 
 — tjo-07] t€ . . . . Kal diroo-TeWci .... Kal KeXeijet .... Kal .... 
 
 dvT€iriTi0€i (dvT6TriTi0t]|JLi). Note the change of tense. — avrw, i. e. Arta- 
 bazus. — 8ia7r€p.\|/ai .... diroStilcu depend on the idea implied in dvT€- 
 mrlGei, intrusted to him in reply .... (with instructions) to transmit (it) as 
 speedily as possible, etc. — ttjv <r<|>pa"yi8a : the seal on the letter, the impres- 
 sion of the royal signet. — cuit(S again refers to Artabazus. — Ioutov, reflex., 
 referring to the snbj. of the leading verbs (i. e. to Xerxes). — 7rpdo-o-eiv : 
 same const, with diroSeidcu, 8iair€p.\|/ai. — 3. Observe the directness and 
 simplicity of this letter ; and of the preceding : quite unlike modern 
 diplomatic correspondence. — twv dvSpwv : objective gen. with evepyzo-la. 
 Boehme, CI., Kriig., Poppo : (the) favor to the men, whom, etc., is laid tip for 
 you in, etc. The practice of the Persian kings to register the names of 
 their benefactors is implied in Herod. 8, 85 ; also in the Old Testament, 
 Esther, ch. 6. — oils pot . . . . &rwo-as (<r»£a>), whom, (being) beyond the sea, 
 you sent me in safety, etc.: pot, dat. of advantage. — lo-atl dvaYpa tos (adj. 
 of two endings, agrees with €V€p"yecrta : fr. dvd, "vpdcpw), registered forever, 
 intensifies the idea of Keirai <roi. — <re, obj. of kiricryjtro} (fr. kiritryja, or 
 2d aor. of liri\<a) : pr|T€ vv£ pr|0' Tjpe'pa ktL, an Oriental form of expres- 
 sion, let neither night nor day detain you, etc. — ojo-tc dveivcu (2d aor. of 
 dvi-qpi), so as to omit, etc. : «v, obj. of {nri<rxvfj, attracted to the case of the 
 omitted anteced., (of those things) which you promise me. The 2d pers. sing, 
 mid. (pass.) occurs in only one other passage in Thucyd. (Book 6, ch. 14, 
 Tjyjj. ) Poppo. — K€Kw\ii<r0C!> : note here the perf. imperat. mid. (pass.) : 
 "has a definitive final sense" : "affords an energetic mode of expression." 
 Buttmann : let (nothing that you promise me) be hindered by any expenditure of, 
 etc., i. e. do not scruple to call for any expenditure of, etc. — Trapa-yl-yve- 
 o"0cu : subj. crrpaTids ir\f]0os : if there is need that it arrive at any place. — 
 &TT€p\}/a : note here the past tense. ' ' The writer puts himself in the time 
 of the reader." Kriig. — Stttj .... £|a, as shall be most honorable, etc. 
 
 Chap. 130. Tain-a .... to. ^pdppara. Note the order : like the 
 definitive apposition, so frequent in Horn., H. 500, d ; S. Gr. 353, c : lit. 
 these . . . .the writings, i. e. this letter. — inrb twv 'EX- : (held) in great esteem 
 by, etc. : with dijicopan, as with the pass, of dijidco. So tnrd with gen. of 
 agent is used with TipTJ ; with -ypcup^, etc. — HXa/mao-iv (Lex. IIXaTaiai), 
 at Plataea: adv., in the attributive position. For the historical allusion, 
 see Smith's Hist. ch. xx. — ^pTO (cd'pco) : not frequent in a metaphorical 
 sense in Att., but often in later writers. CI. — 4v tw Ka0- Tpdirw : Lex. 
 Ka0io-Tt]pi : in the established manner, i. e. in the manner established by 
 Grecian, especially by Spartan, hereditary usage. — <TK€vds : rare in plur., 
 which denotes apparently the various pieces of Median apparel : with evSvd- 
 pevos, putting on, etc., or arraying himself in, etc. i|rjei, ^jeipi (4£, etpi). — 
 tc after Tpdire^av continues the narrative ; does not point to the following 
 Kal. — 7rap€Tl0eTO : note the force of the mid.: and he had a Persian table 
 set (for him). — i-p-y- (3p- : dat. of manner or of means : but by small (lit. 
 brief) acts: irpov8T|Xov, irpoSTjXda). — d Tr] -yviopr) .... £psXXe irpdfjeiv, 
 (those things) which in mind (i. e. in his thoughts, or, as he supposed) he was 
 
THUCYDIDES I. 103 
 
 about to do: p€i£ova>s (adv. comparat. : cf. adj. [idpav), on a larger scale: 
 lo-e'-rreiTa (or is e'lmTCt, Pop., Kriig., CI.), in the future: usa. with the art. 
 is to cireiTa. — 2. tc, not a correl. with the following kcu, but introducing 
 the sentence as a result. — ttj 6p"yfj : feeling, temper. It is clear in two 
 other passages, if not in this, that Th. used 6p-yr| sometimes in this sense, 
 which afterwards disappeared in Attic prose, but was revived in later 
 writers. Cf. Boeh., CI., Kriig., Pop.: \aXeirrj, pred. adj. with op-yfj, temper 
 so harsh towards all men, etc. — jx-qSe'va 8vva<r0eu, no one was able, i. e. with- 
 out some annoyance, some unpleasant experience. — ■ t| £vp- p.£Te'crTT] : the 
 alliance went over. Cf. tovs £vppd)<ous peTaTd£ao-8cu, ch. 95, 4. 
 
 Chap. 131. alo-Gdjxevoi : without any obj. expressed: being informed 
 (of what was going on) : cf. 95, 7. — to irpwrov : 95, 3. — koA 6tt€i8t| ktI. 
 The principal sentence is ovtw .... Iireo-xov. — ttj 'Epp- vqi : article 
 expressed here, because previously mentioned (128, 3). — vt|i. So Kriig., 
 CI., Boeh. With the diaeresis (vrjf), Poppo, also Kriig. in his grammar, 
 CI. in his note, H., G.: vavs is the generic word for ship; in 128, 3, Th. 
 uses Tpirjp-ns (spoken of the same object), a trireme, the usual form of war- 
 ship at this time. — 4<j>cuveTO iroiwv : H. 802 ; S. Gr. 547. — |3ia .... 
 iKiroXiopK^Geis, having been forcibly driven out. The fact that he had taken 
 possession of Byzantium is mentioned in ch. 128, 5. A regular siege of 
 the city is hardly meant. CI. — irp&a-o-cov .... irpos kt!., he was reported 
 to them (the Lac. ) as negotiating with, etc. — ovk. Note the position of the 
 negative : regularly placed just before the word or clause on which its force 
 falls. So here ; not for any good (object). — povt|v (povrj). Only a blun- 
 derer can confound this with the fern, of pdvos. — ovkcti tireo-xov (eirexw) : 
 they (the Lac.) no longer endured (it, i. e. the conduct of Pausanias). — ctirov 
 . . . . pv?| Xciireo-GcH, told (him) not to depart from, etc., i. e. bade (him), etc. 
 tlirov has a different sense with iroX- .... irpoa-yopeveiv : told (him) that 
 the Spartans would declare war against him: el 8e pvfj, but otherwise, i. e. if he 
 did leave the herald. For a fuller explanation, see H. 754, b ; S. Gr. 520, 
 d. — 2. iricrreiW \pi\\i.acri 8iaX{io-av tt|v 8ia(3oXT|v, being confident that he 
 with money (i. e. through bribery) would do away with the unfavorable opinion, — 
 a noteworthy statement. That Pausanias, well acquainted as he was with 
 the leading men of Sparta, should even have hoped to escape the demands 
 of justice through bribery, does not convey the loftiest idea of Spartan vir- 
 tue. — lo-irlirrei : used as pass, of lo-(3dXXco : hence with tiird and gen. : is 
 cast by, etc. to TTpw-rov, at first, i. e. on his arrival the second time in 
 Sparta. — t<Sv !<|>6poDv. For an account of the ephors and other magis- 
 trates at Sparta, see Smith's Hist. ch. vii. § 10. — tov Pao-- Spdcrai tovto: 
 two accusatives with one verb. H. 553 ; S. Gr. 398 ; G. § 164: to do this 
 (i. e. to cast into prison) to the king : so much the more to any one lower in 
 rank. The rank of Pausanias is described in the next chapter. — eVei-Ta, 
 then, correl. of to irpw-rov. — 8iairpa£dpevos .... I^XSe : lit. having ac- 
 complished (it) he subsequently went forth (sc. from the prison), i. e. by success- 
 ful management, he subsequently went forth.. — Trcpl avTov ekiyyjeiv, to bring any 
 proofs respecting him. Note this use of irepi with ace. 
 
104 NOTES. 
 
 Chap. 132. <J>av€pbv .... ovSev .... or^fieiov: more emphatic by 
 the separation. — ixSpol .... iroXis : partitive appos. with STrapnaTai. 
 — &t(o relates to crqp-etov : connect &v with eTipcopovv-ro, |3ej3au»>s with tti- 
 a-Tcuo-avTes. The const, is not in an Eng. idiom. We may render it, in 
 which they might securely trust so as to punish, etc. — -ye'vovs rov fia.<rikdov : 
 more emphasis is thrown on toS Pckt- than if the order had been rot) (3a<r- 
 •yevovs. — nXeio-Tapxov : obj. of eireTpoirevev (emTpoTreiiw). — dvexjabs (iiv, 
 being cousin. Their fathers, Cleombrotus and Leonidas, were brothers. 
 The clause in parenthesis explains ti[a^v. — 2. iiTroiJ/ias 8e iroXXds : 8e is 
 correl. with p.ev after 4»avepov : no open proof . ... but many suspicions. — 
 £rj\wo-€i (£/j\o><ris) : note the omission of the article here : the two datives 
 are thus united more closely. — p/rj. Connect closely in thought with 
 xnro^as : that he was not willing to remain contented with (lit. equal with), etc., 
 or, as CI. renders, was not willing to keep himself within the existing regulations : 
 l'o-os, why nom.? H. 775 ("a predicate noun," etc.) ; S. Gr. 536, b; G. 
 § 136, Note 2. rots 7rapoii<rt, neut. — to, tc dXXa : "re stands here in the 
 double function of a copulative conjunction, connecting this clause with 
 the foregoing and also of a correlative with the following Koi, as though we 
 had to, t€ T€ dXXa, which, however, would be an inadmissible repetition." 
 CI. : and they viewed attentively not only other things respecting him, . ... but 
 especially the fact that, etc. — I£€8€8itjtt]to (ei<SiaiTdop,cu) : double augment, 
 H. 314, b; as though it were compounded of ck, 8id, an-dop-cu, whereas in 
 fact the compos, is Ik, SiaiTaopai : if in anything anywhere he had departed 
 in his manner of living from, etc. — &Kpo0lviov : appos. with '6v, which .... 
 as an offering (properly an offering of first fruits). — 18 la, privately, on his own 
 responsibility: opposed to 8T]p.o<ria. The distich contains a hexameter and 
 a pentameter verse, — an elegiac distich : thus, — 
 
 H. 911 ; S. Gr. 752; G. § 295, 5. —3. If-eKoXcuf/av : eKKoXdirrw. — tovt 1 : 
 subj. of eSoKet : dSiKi^pa, pred., this- also (the act of inscribing the above 
 distich on the tripod) seemed to be an unjust act, etc. —iv totjto), in this 
 (present condition). — e<j>aiV€To : subj. tovto, this act. — Stavoia : with irapd- 
 poiov, an adj. of likeness : in keeping with his present purpose. — 4. es tovs 
 E^X- irpdo-o-eiv : cf. 65, 2, Note. — avrov, subj. of irpao--. — ■ ical . . . . 8e : 
 rare in Th. and the writers of his time, but frequent in Plato, Xen., and 
 the later Attic writers : 8e connects the sentence with the foregoing, ko,£ 
 belongs with the word just after it : —and so it was also (in fact). — |w6ir- 
 avacrTtoo-i, : o-uveTravta-TTjpt (vvv, iirl, dvd, to-TTjpi). — to irdv, the whole 
 (plan). — 5. dXX' oi>8' ws (to be carefully distinguished from o>s) ovSk .... 
 TTio-Tetio-avTes. We can imitate the emphatic repetition of the negative ; 
 but not even thus, not even trusting to, etc. — vecorepov ti : lit. anything newer, 
 i. e. as the connection indicates, anything harsh, a euphemism for kcikov ti. 
 — feJirep €l'i»0ct<riv, sc. xpfjo-0ai suggested by \puiiievoi, adopting (in respect 
 to him) the course which they have been wont, (to adopt); etc. — to> Tp6ira> is ex- 
 plained by |x-fj raxeis etvai .... PovXeOo-cu, not to be hasty to decide on, etc. — 
 
THUCYDIDES I. 105 
 
 irpCv -ye 8^ : still more emphatic than irplv Srj, 118, 2 : avTots, with [it]vdt^ 
 yiyverai, becomes an informer to them. — tols reXeuTCuas .... CTricrToXas : 
 spoken of a single letter : cf. -m Ypdp.pa.Ta, 130, 1. — dvtjp 'Ap-yiXios, an 
 Argilian man, thought to be from Argilus, a city in Chalcidice. — irai8iK<x 
 itot€ a»v avTov : being once a favorite of his, or, who was once, etc. — mcrrd- 
 tcitos eK€iva> (Pausanias) : must faithful to him, i. e. up to this time, but fear 
 for his own safety now overcame him. — Seicras : Boeh. places a colon be- 
 fore this word ; CL has no point whatever ; Kriig., Pop., and others have 
 a comma, which seems to me preferable. — on kt€., explanatory of ivQv\LT\- 
 <rlv nva, on a certain reflection that no one, etc. Some, however, understand 
 on as causal with 8el<ras. — ^v \J/£vo-8t] (i|/€v8op.ai) tt)s 8c£t]s: lit. if he may 
 be deceived in his opinion, i. e. if it turn out that he is mistaken in his suspi- 
 cion that the letter may contain a direction to put him to death. — ckclvos: 
 Pausanias. — tI peTcrypdij/cu, to change something (in the letter). — p.^ eiri- 
 ■yvw (eiri-yi-yvwo-KO)), connect with Iva, to the end that he (Pausan.) may not 
 detect (it, — the fact that the letter had been opened and sealed again). — 
 Xvei kt4.: connected by kcu (before irapairoi'no-dp.evos) with ylyvtrai, and 
 in the same const., i. e. historic pres. — x>7rovoT|cras .... Trpccreireo-TaXOat 
 (irpc<reTn.o-T€'XXa>), having suspected that some such thing had been enjoined in 
 addition (i. e. in addition to the main contents of the letter). — €yv<:-ypap- 
 pe'vov (ev, "ypd<pw) : masc. agreeing with aiirdv : Kretvetv, iniin. denoting 
 purpose : act. where we should more naturally use the pass. : like the Latin 
 fut. pass, particip. (interficiendum) : he found himself also enrolled to be put 
 to death (lit. to put to death). 
 
 Chap. 133. Tore 8e : the authorities are about equally divided be- 
 tween this reading and totc 8t». — o,vtt|kooi 8e ktc. indicates the extreme 
 caution of the Spartan government : LTcu>a-av£oi>, with avTT|Koot, lit. ear- 
 witnesses of Pausanias himself saying something. — airb 7rapa<rK€vf)s tov dv-, 
 closely connected in thought with ffo-Ocvro irdvTa <ra<po3s (below, middle 
 of the chapter) : by an arrangement of the man .... they ascertained every- 
 thing clearly. — o-KT)VT}o-ap€Vou (Lex. <tkt|V€o) : usa. intrans., but here trans.: 
 SnrXfjv Sicuppd-ypaxi,, (made) double by a partition, i. e. constructed with two 
 apartments. — es t|v . . . . ?Kpv\|/e : a verb of rest with a const, denoting 
 motion. H. 618, a ; S. Gr. 448, b ; G. § 191, Note 6 : into which he con- 
 ducted certain of the ephors, and concealed them within. — a>s (prep.) avrov : 
 the Argilian man, who had gone as a suppliant to Taenarus, etc. — <ra(J>ws : 
 notice the emphatic position : not to be confounded with o-o4>a*s. — &>s kt!., 
 explanatory of t&XXg. : setting forth the other things severally, that he never in 
 anything had endangered him (i. e. Pausanias). — irpoTipTjOctTj 8' . . . . diro- 
 6av€tv: spoken in bitter irony : but that he was highly honored with death (lit. 
 to die) : iv i'cra>, with the dat., equally with, etc. — Kcucelvou (= kcu indvov) 
 ktI. Most of the genitives abs. in this chapter denote prominently the no- 
 tion of time, and are best rendered by when. So here, and when he (Pau- 
 sanias) acknowledged, etc. All these dependent constructions are to be 
 referred back to the leading verb ffo-Oovro, middle of the chapter. — Kal 
 .... ovk eaivTOS, sc. airov : and did not allow (lam) to be angry, or, as Ave 
 
106 NOTES. 
 
 should more naturally speak, and begged him not to be angry, etc. — trttrriv 
 (iriorxis) : security, or pledges of security : takes ttjs dvao-Tao-ews, as objective 
 gen. : 4k tov lepov, with rfjs dv-, as with a verb of motion : pledges of security 
 in respect to rising up {and departing) from the temple, or, more briefly, in case 
 he would depart from , etc. It was of the highest inqjortance to Pausanias 
 that the man should leave the temple, and not attract attention to the 
 fact that he had become a suppliant. — dfjiovvros, sc. avTov. — rd irpa<r- 
 o-dpeva, the negotiations, i. e. those with the king. 
 
 Chap. 134. totc is of course to be joined with aTrfjXGov. — PePcuws 
 .... €i8oT6s : Jcnoiving (the facts) with certainty This knowledge was 
 wanting, previous to the event described in ch. 133 : e'v ttj iroXei is con- 
 nected in thought with what follows : Iwoiovvto, note the force of the 
 imperf., they proceeded to make, etc. — civtcv (Pausan.) : subj. of ■yvwvcu 
 .... \o)pr\<rai .... irpoKaTa«pi>"yetv : that he knew, etc. — evos, with to 
 irpoo-anrov, which is obj. of e!Se : as he saw the countenance of one of, etc. — 
 ccp* a* eyjapei, for what (purpose) he (i. e. the ephor) was approaching. — dXXou 
 Se', sc. Twv e^o'pcDv : correl. with evbs pe'v. — vevpaTi d<f>avei, a secret nod, 
 observed or understood only by Pausanias. — SrjXwcravTos, made plain (to. 
 Pausanias what was intended). These clauses in the gen. abs. are better 
 rendered, as in ch. 133, by when with a finite verb. — evvoux: dat. of cause. 
 
 — ttjs XciXkioIkov : cf. ch. 128, 2. — -n-po-, beforehand, i. e. before he was 
 overtaken by those in pursuit. — to Te'pevos, the sacred enclosure (in which 
 the temple was built). — es 0'iscqp.a . . . . 8 tjv tov lepov, into a building 
 .... which belonged to the temple (predicate gen.). — vircuGpios, in the open 
 air: a pred. adj., especially an adj. denoting time, place, order, number, 
 or manner, is frequent in Greek, where we use an adv. or a preposition 
 with its case. Kiih. Larger Gr. § 264, 3 ; H. 487, Bern, c ; S. Gr. 340, c ; 
 G. § 138, N. 7. — 2. to irapavTiKa : adv. ace. : for the immediate time, or, 
 as we often say, for the time being. — d<f>eiXov (d^apeio). By the removal 
 of the roof, he was left viraiOpios. — Tas 6vpas : obj. of dTnpKo8dfrT]o-av. — 
 diroXa.pdvT€s el'o-w, having shut him up when he had entered, or, as we may often 
 more easily render the aor. particip., shutting him up when, etc. el'crco and 
 £v8ov differ as els and 4V, the former implying motion, the latter rest. The 
 description is very circumstantial, and not altogether free from tautology. 
 
 — e(j€iroX- Xip-w, they forced (him) by hunger to give himself up. 01. renders 
 it, sie hungerten ihn aus, they starved him out. — 3. wenrep d\ev, just as he 
 ivas: usually understood in the sense, immediately, forthwith ; and in this 
 sense sometimes strengthened by ev@i>s. (Yet Boehme questions this mean- 
 ing ; I think, without sufficient reason.) — tc . . . . ko.i : a copulative 
 in both of the connected members, as often. It is sometimes awkward to 
 render the ri into English. In such cases it is better omitted in the trans- 
 lation. Cf. H. 855, a (examples). — ai.o-0dp.evoi : without any object ex- 
 pressed, but plainly implied. Cf. 95, 7. — e|d"youo-iv, sc. currdv. — irapa- 
 XpTjpa, : same general sense as coo-irep eixev (as explained above), but may 
 be rendered by another phrase, on the spot — 4. otiirep toiis KaKOup-yovs, sc. 
 ep,j3dXXova-iv, where (they cast), etc. — ep.j3dXXeiv with ep.e'XXi]o-av. — ttXt]- 
 
THUCYDIDES I. 107 
 
 <riov ttov, somewhere near, is coram, understood to mean, near the Caeadas. 
 — Ka.Topij£cH, sc. avrdv. — tov rd<j)ov : obj. of jxeTeve-yKctv (|i€Ta<J>€pa>). — 
 <i^jpr\<ri : Lex. \pa.oi (B), A. — ovircp, (to the place) where. — 8, which fact, 
 that he lies in the space before the temple : obj. of 8t]Xov(ti. — cos cryos 
 .... 8v to TreTr- : ace. abs. H. 793 ; S. Gr. 544, a ; G. § 278, Note. The 
 position of avrois, between d-yos and 6v, connects it in thought with them 
 rather than with to ireTrptvyiAevov (with which it is understood) ; on the 
 ground that the thing done (by them ) was a pollution to them : 8vo crc6p.a.Ta, 
 obj. of diroSoiivat (same const, with p.eT€V€7K€iv). — x a ^ K0 ^s .... 8vo, 
 two bronze statues (of Pausanias). The two, instead of one, were to serve 
 in some sort as an atonement for the sin committed against the goddess in 
 the violence done to her suppliant. These two statues of Pausanias, in 
 the temple of the goddess Chalcioecus, near the altar, were seen by the 
 traveller Pausanias three centuries later. (The death of Pausanias occurred 
 between 471 and 466 b. c. The traveller Pausanias lived in the first half 
 of the second century b. c.) 
 
 Chap. 135. Oi 8e 'A9-. The narrative, broken off ch. 128, 1, is here 
 resumed. — a>s .... KpivavTos : observe here the gen. instead of the ace, 
 abs. Cf. 134, 4 : on the ground that the god also had judged (it to be) a pollu- 
 tion. — dvT€ir€T- : dvT€TrtTdo-o-w. In nearly the same sense we have above, 
 ch. 128, dvTeKeXeuov. — 2. tov Mt)8io-[j.ov : causal gen. with £werrr|Tic3vTo 
 (truveirtUTidofiai) kt!.: they implicated (or more strictly as imperf. they pro- 
 ceeded to implicate, took measures to implicate) Themistocles also in the Medism 
 of Pausanias. — «s, as. The temporal and causal meanings of a»s are both 
 frequent. Either makes sense here. The same ambiguity lies in the Eng. 
 as. Perhaps the causal force is more prominent here. — cvpio-Kov : no obj. 
 expressed : note the force of the imperf. here, continued or repeated action : 
 they made discoveries one after another (a, sufficiently long expression for the 
 idea contained in one Greek word!). — irepl Tlavo-aviav : cf. irtpl avTov, 
 ch. 131, 2. — i\iyx.av: proofs. These are said to have been certain letters 
 which were discovered. Plut. Them. 23. — tois ovtois, in the same manner 
 (as Pausanias), i. e. with death. — clutov (i. e. 0€|xio-t-) : emphat. posit.: 
 subj. of Ko\d£-. — 3. £rt>x€ Yap kt!.: yap introduces the reason, not for 
 ir€io-0e'vT€S, but for ir€|jnrovo-i kt|., since he happened, etc. Such a position 
 of the causal sentence (before that for which it assigns the cause or reason) 
 is frequent in Herod., and not unfrequent in Thucyd. 'irvyji belongs with 
 each of the participles in the parenthesis. For the nature of ostracism, 
 see Smith's Hist., ch. xi. § 12. — Slai/rav: Lex. I., 2. Observe that Siai- 
 Tav and €m<f>oiTcuv are made antithetical by p.€v and 8e : a residence . . . . , 
 but making frequent journeys, etc. — dvSpas : obj. of ire'p/iroiKri. — €l'pT)TO : cf. 
 129, 2. — d-yeiv, sc. g/utov : bring (him, i. e. Them.). 
 
 Chap. 136. awwv : twv KepKvpaicov. In what way Th. had been a 
 benefactor of the Corcyraeans is not known with certainty. The scholiast 
 says he had shielded them from punishment for not aiding, the Greeks 
 against the Persians : Plut. Th. 24, that he had settled some dispute be- 
 tween them and the Corinthians to their advantage. — %X&v cujtov, to keep 
 
108 NOTES, 
 
 him (implying protection) : depends on SeSie'vai (8e'8ta). — wore with the 
 infin. result : H. 770 ; S. Gr. 531, b ; G. § 266. Notice the accentuation 
 of a.ir4\Qia-Qa.i (as pres., not aor.). — 2. virb twv irpoo-T6Ta"ype'vcov (irpoo-- 
 TaTTa)), by those appointed (for the purpose). — tj xwpoto] : indef. frequency 
 of past action. H. 729, b ; S. Gr. 498, fine print ; G. § 233 : depends on 
 Kard 7rvcrTiv : on (their) learning by inquiry (repeatedly), where he was going. 
 
 — Kcn-d ti dtropov, in a certain emergency. What this was Th. does not 
 think it necessary to relate. — irapd "A8pir]Tov .... KcvraXiSo-ai, to take 
 refuge with, etc. — 3.6 p-e'v, Admetus : 6 8e, Theraist. — ttjs "yuvaiKos, of 
 the wife (of Admetus). — Ka0t£€o-0cu (Kriig. and CI. write KaGe|eer0ai) 6-irl 
 t^jv lo-Tiav, to take refuge upon (lit. to sit down upon) the hearth (which was 
 probably elevated and used also for an altar). — 4. StjXoi (indie.) t€ 6s 
 «<tti, he both shows who he is, etc. — ovk d£ioi (after the analogy of ov with 
 <|>T]|it and with Idco) .... (f^-yovTa Tipwp€LO-0ai, he declares that it is not a 
 worthy act to punish him while a fugitive, — a direct appeal to the generosity 
 of Admetus : «i! ti . . . . Seojxe'vw, if in something perhaps he spoke against 
 him (Admetus) while making a request of the Athenians. What this request 
 was is only a matter of conjecture. — dcrOeve'o-Tcpos (Boeh., Kriig.) : pred. 
 nom. with the infin. : for, being far weaker at the present time (than Admetus), 
 he would suffer harm at his hands (iht' itzdvov, i. e. Admetus). Poppo and 
 CI. retain the reading dcrOeveo-Tt'pov (found in all the best MSS.) and ren- 
 der, for he might suffer harm at present from one far weaker than he (Admetus). 
 Though the order of the Greek words is unusual (with d<r0^v€<rT€pov), yet 
 it appears to me better to follow here the authority of the MSS. This and 
 the following sentences depend on d|ioi above, or the idea implied in d£iot, 
 he declared. — tovs op-otovs : obj. of Tip.u>pei<r0ai : dirb tov IVov, with the 
 subj. of rip.-, that one from the position of equality punish, etc. — avTos : pred. 
 nom. again, with infin. €vavTico0f)vai (cf. dorGevco-Tepos above) : eKeivco, to 
 him (Admetus) : xpetas tivos, Kriig. says "gen. of relation" and trans- 
 lates it, in respect to a certain request (so Boeh., CI., and others) ; German, 
 in Bezug auf wegen. It may be referred to H. 577 ; S. Gr. 420 ; G. § 173. 
 
 — Kal oijk €s ktI., and not in respect to the saving of his life : same general 
 idea with the gen. just before it. — to belongs with o-«£ea-0ai : o-c3p.a with- 
 out the article, H. 530, c ; S. Gr. 379, a. — eiccivov, subj. of dTroo-Tepfjo-ai, 
 but that he (Ad.) would deprive (him, Them.), etc.: &v expressed twice in 
 this apodosis. H. 873, a ; G. § 212, 2. — elircbv txp* <av ktI., mentioning by 
 whom, etc. clirc&v refers to the subj. of the remote verb d|ioi, something 
 like 8e(|as, ch. 87, 2, in its const. — k<$>' (3 : cf. 134, 1. — o-wTT|ptas, with 
 dtroo-T-: H. 580, a; S. Gr. 422, a a ; G. § 174 : article omitted, cf. <ra>p.a 
 and references above : of the safety of his life : o-topa, above rendered life, 
 means strictly body, person : c{>uxt|, life in the strictly spiritual sense. 
 
 Chap. 137. vUos : H. 202, 17 ; S. Gr. 112, aa ; Lex. vids. — wrrrep 
 .... €Ka06£eTO, just as also he was sitting with him : ko.1 indicates the iden- 
 tity of his present situation with that named above, ch. 136, 3. — \kiy- .... 
 tovto, this as a form of supplication was most powerful: i. e. among the 
 Molossians. Themist. had been taught this fact by the wife of Admetus, 
 
THUCYDIDES I. 109 
 
 ch. 136, 3. Observe iKerevpa has no article, hence we render, this as a, 
 etc., not this form of supplication. — vcrrtpov ov iroXXcp : this order (instead 
 of ov iroXXco vctt') occurs several times in Th. : not long aft er wards. — ovk 
 €k8l8coctlv : the connection is, 6 8e ... . a.vl<rrt]cri t€ . . . . kcs.1 .... 
 ovk €k8i8coo-iv (sc. cuitov, i. e. Th.). — cos PacriXea, to the king, i. e. of Per- 
 sia : article omitted as with a proper name. — eirl ttjv Ire'pav 0dX-, to the 
 other sea, i. e. the Aegean. ■ — ir€£f], i. e. kotci yr\v. — tt|V, sc. iroXiv, a rare 
 ellipsis. — 2. dva-yopsv^s : cf. 29, 4 : liri with gen., towards, for. — Kal tjv 
 Yap kt|.: cf. 31, 2 : and since he (Them.) was, etc. — Seicras, fearing, i. e. 
 that he may be discovered and fall into the hands of the Athenians, — a 
 most pitiable situation for the man who had commanded in the battle of 
 Salamis, and been the chief means of rescuing his country from the despo- 
 tism of the Persians. — <ppd£€i ... 8o-ns ecrri : cf. StjXoi 8s ecn-i, 136, 
 4. — &J>ti Ipetv, he (Th. ) said he would declare, etc. : thus the life of the cap- 
 tain would be in no less peril than that of Them., — another instance of 
 the wonderful, but unscrupulous, astuteness of Themistocles. — \pi\\i.a<ri 
 ircwrOeis, lit. persuaded by money, i. e. bribed, — the comm. phrase for this 
 idea. — tt)v 8e dcrcj>dX- kt!.: depends on gcpn]] • lit. and that it was their safety 
 that no one go forth, etc., or more freely, and that their safety required that no 
 one, etc. CI. makes tt)v 8e suhj. and do-<j>dX- pred., the subj. conforming 
 in gender to the pred. , — an exegesis which does not seem to me probable. 
 — fjixpt and subjunc. without &v. G. § 239, Note: lit. until a. sailing begin, 
 i. e. until the voyage be resumed, or until a favorable wind arise. — TrctOope'vtp : 
 particip. denoting condition, in case he should be persuaded. — dTro|xv^o-etr0at 
 (d7rouiuvi?|<rKO|xcH) : same subj. as tyr\ t on which it depends. Notice the 
 emphatic position of d£Uxv. — Observe that crrpaToire'Sov and above crrpa- 
 ToireSov is spoken of an army or squadron with ships, i. e. a fleet. — 3. fjXGe 
 . . . . d tiire£;€K€iTO (i)TT€KK€ijxai, as pass, of w€KTi0T]p,t), for there came to 
 him .... funds which had been deposited: airco, dat. of interest, not of 
 motion : notice 4k with the name of a place, irapd with gen. of person ; the 
 usual distinction. — p-era .... tivos, with a certain one of, etc. (compare 
 the arrangement with the usual reading -utt' 4k€ivov iroXXtp do-0€V€crrepov, 
 136, 4, note) : Karco, on the coast ; dvco, towards the interior, with a verb of 
 motion ; in the interior, with a verb of rest. Observe Thucyd. here uses 
 Xlcptrcov, instead of his usual word M^Scov. Cf. MtiSikov, 23, 1, note. — 
 eo-irepirei .... Is PacriXe'a is explained as meaning, sends .... into (the 
 palace of) the king: Is or els with the name of a person is very rare : hence 
 Bekker, Kriiger, and some others change 4s to a»s. — 4. c-8t|Xov 8' tj *ypac|>T| : 
 cf. Too-avra pev t| -ypa<pf| €8t|Xov, 129, 1 : note the variation in the arrange- 
 ment. The object of eSfjXov here is the letter introduced by 8tl Kecol- 
 lect that crri before the oratio recta is not rendered into English, unless we 
 throw the whole into the oblique narration : made plain (the following), I 
 Themistocles, etc. The letter of Pausanias (128, 7) begins with the 3d pers., 
 but changes to the 1st pers. — 8s, 1st pers. relating to the subj. of ■fjKco : 
 'EXX^vcov limits 8s, as gen. of the whole : (being a man) of the Greeks who 
 have inflicted, etc. : Kaxd and oIkov, two aces, with one verb. — epoi, with 
 
110 NOTES. 
 
 the comp. verb ImdvTa. H. 605 ; S. Gr. 439 ; G. § 187. — dvd-yKT), with. 
 T|fjtvv6|XT]V (d|xvva>), / through necessity guarded myself against, repelled, etc. — ■ 
 ttoXv 8' &ri irkiiia d"ya6d, so. €i'p"yo-o-|i.cu TO v vjAeVcpov oikov, but (I have con- 
 ferred) still greater benefits by far, etc. — eireiS-fj .... €|xot, sc. 4-yl-yvero 
 with indeterminate subject. H. 494 ; S. Gr. 347 ; G. § 134, Note 1, (c) : 
 when (it was) in safety to me, or more freely, when all was safe for me. — 
 iKdvio, to him (Xerxes). — -ypd\|/as : introduced like Seigas, 87, 2 : elirwv, 
 136, 4 ; but with less exact grammatical connection, after 48t|Xov t| -ypa^TJ. 
 The clause in parenthesis is not a part of the letter, but gives the substance of 
 what the letter here contained. — ri\v .... irpodyyeXo-iv (obj. of -ypd;|/as), 
 the previous announcement of the withdrawal from Salamis. See Smith's Hist, 
 ch. xix. § 6. — ttjv . . . . ov 8idXvo-iv : note the neg. ov with a substan- 
 tive having a verbal force : the not destroying, etc. : freely rendered, the fact 
 that through himself the bridges were not at that time destroyed. See Smith's 
 Hist. ch. xix. § 10. — r\v . . . . eirot^o-aTo, which he falsely claimed to him- 
 self. It seems almost incredible that Themistocles should have counted so 
 much on the simplicity or the ignorance of the Persian monarch. — ^x wv > 
 having the ability, being able : Spdcrcu, depends on ^x«v, takes two aces, (tre, 
 d^aGd). — Sid ri\v <ri\v cfnXiav : notice <rrjv in the sense of an objective 
 gen. H. 677 ; S. Gr. 460, b ; G. § 147, Note 1 : on account of friendship for 
 you. — €Vtavrbv €iri<rxwv (e7re\w), having waited a year. The reason for this 
 delay may be inferred from 138, 1. — avrds (agrees with the subj. of (3ov- 
 \o|acu) <roi .... 8i]\<oo-ai, in person to unfold to you, etc. : irepl <av, (those 
 things) about which, or, for which, etc. 
 
 Chap. 138, Bv kiria-yji : cf. eviavTov eiRcx^v, 137, 4: oV, ace. of ex- 
 tent. Observe that the regular attraction of the relative to the case of the 
 antecedent is here omitted, as the dat. « would not express clearly the 
 idea of extent. — 2. tov Iviav- : article expressed, because kviavrov has 
 been previously mentioned. — imp 5 avrta, i. e. t<5 f3a<riX€t. — Kal Bcros kt!., 
 even as no one of the Greeks up to that time (irto) : more literalty, even as much 
 as, even as great (or, as influential) as, etc. — tov 'EXX-qviicov, by prolepsis 
 put first for emphasis, depends on IXmSa : must be supplied with SovXcoo-av 
 as obj. (in the ace.) : and {on account of the) hope which he (Them.) held out 
 to him (the king) in respect to the Grecian power that he (Them.) would subju- 
 gate (it). We may render it thus, and on account of the hope which he held 
 out to the Icing that he would subjugate for him the Grecian power : inreriGei, lit. 
 put under, suggested : 8ovXwo-€iv, explanatory of eXirtSa. — tov belongs to 
 the sentence following : 8i8ovs, |vv€tos, predicate with the infin. H. 775 
 (fine print) : S. Gr. 536, b ; G. § 136, Note 2 : and especially from the fact 
 that he appeared (to be) a man of sagacity by giving proof (of ii) : SiSovs, pres. 
 particip. denoting the repeated exhibitions of his sagacity. — 3. Tfjv: placed 
 first for emphasis : For Themist. was in fact, etc. : mark the force of 8tj after 
 a superlative, H. 851 ; S. Gr. 580, d ; Lex. : S-nXcoo-as, particip. denoting 
 means, by exhibiting most conclusively native force (lit. force of nature) : koI, 
 intens. even somewhat remarkably: es civto, in respect to it, referring to the 
 idea of the preceding clause : jxdXXov IWpov, more than any other (man) : 
 
THUCYDIDES I. Ill 
 
 figios 0avpd<mi, pred. with ■Jjv, was in fact worthy of admiration, infin. with 
 an adj. and the act, where we use a pass. H. 767, a (end) : S. Gr. 530, c ; 
 G. § 261, 2. — o'lKeia .... £uv«rei : dat. of means with Kpano-Tos "yvw- 
 fiwv, sc. fjv : for through (his) own sagacity . ... (he was) a very excellent 
 judge (lit. knower). — ko.1, in tens. : irpo-, previous to his entrance into pub- 
 lic life ; eiri-, subsequent to it : Is curnrjv, i. e. |vv€<riv, a construction imply- 
 ing motion with a verb of rest. H. 618, a ; S. Gr. 448. b ; G. § 191, Note 
 6 : even not having added anything to it by previous learning (from any teacher), 
 nor by subsequent learning. — twv Trap-, with -yvwpcDV, judge of, etc. — 8i' .... 
 PovXtjs, with (lit. through) very brief deliberation. — twv peXXdvTtov seems 
 most naturally connected with eiKao-TTjs ; and tov -yev-qo-ope'vov with TrXeier- 
 tov : a very superior diviner of those things about to take place extending over a 
 very long period of the future. Such seems to be the most generally received 
 interpretation of this sentence. Kriiger, however, joins tcov peX- as limit- 
 ing gen. with eirl irXeio--, and to€ -yevi]cr- with elKcia-TTjs, a very superior di- 
 viner of that which was about to happen during a very long period in the future. 
 Other interpretations have been given, but need not be repeated here. — & 
 .... 'typi : optat. denoting indefinite frequency of past action : whatever 
 he had (at any time) in hand: Kal .... olds tc, he was able also to explain 
 (or to develop in discourse).- — &>v : the anteced. understood is obj. of Kpivat: 
 &iTT|XXaKTO, onraXX&o-<r<o : and those things in which he was inexperienced, he 
 was not at a loss to estimate satisfactorily —to tc £pcivov ^j xap ov ? 0D J- °f 
 Trpoewpa (irpoopdco) : eri, with atpavet, in that which was still obscure. — 
 tlireiv : const.? H. 772 ; S. Gr. 532 ; G. § 268 : to speak tlie whole together, 
 to sum up the whole — Kpano-xos, pred.: outos, subj.: note again the force 
 of 8tj with a superlative. — ovuTO<r)(eSid£eiv (depends on Kpdr- ) rd Seovra, 
 to execute off-hand whatever was necessary (either in words or acts). — 4. voo-rj- 
 <ras : spoken in distinction from the idea of a violent death. — <jjappuKa>: 
 dat. of means. According to a story widely circulated in ancient times, 
 he took curdled ox-blood. — 5. pvTjpeiov .... civtov : observe there is 
 no article : hence we render it, certain it is (pev ofiv) there is a monument of 
 him, etc. If to were expressed before pvt]-, we should render it, his monu- ■ 
 ment, etc. For pev o«v ? see Lex. pev, II., 5 ; H. 866, 852, 13 ; S. Gr. 580, 
 m : has a confirmative force, introducing a fact, in opposition to the report 
 Xe'-yo-ucrt Tives ktI. — &pTov .... otvov .... 6\|/ov, for bread .... for 
 wine, etc., i. e. to furnish bread, etc. In Plut. Them, els &pTov, etc. Cf. 
 Xen. Anab. 1, 4, 9, els \<avr\v. — ttoXvoivototov : neut. although the subj. 
 of IStket (sc. Adprl/aKos) is fern. : H. 522 ; S. Gr. 372 ; G. § 138, Note 1, 
 (c) : for, of the (cities) at that time, it seemed to be most abundant in wine. — 
 6. T€0fjvai : t£6t]|u. — KpiJcpa with the gen. H. 589; S. Gr. 427, be; G. 
 § 182, 2. To those who now visit Piraeus, a grave is pointed out as that 
 of Them., a short distance southeast of the entrance of the principal har- 
 bor, just at the edge of the water. — ws . . . . tpev-ycvTos, as if he were in 
 exile on account of, etc. Notice here again the gen. abs. after cos, where the 
 ace. would be admissible. H. 793 ; S. Gr. 544, a ; G. § 278, Note, —to, 
 Kara ktc., those things relating to, or as we may say, the fortunes of, etc.: subj. 
 of eTeXevxTjo-ev. To the thoughtful mind, an impressive sentence. 
 
112 NOTES. 
 
 Chap. 130. roiaiiTa lTrera|av (i'xriTdo-a'to), ch. 126, 2: avTeKektv<rQr\- 
 <rav (avTiKeXevw), ch. 128, 1. — ttjs eXdcr- with -rrepi : concerning the expul- 
 sion of, etc. — IIoTiScuas a/n-avlcracrGcu, to withdraw from, etc. Cf. ch. 64, 
 3. — Al'-yivav .... d4>L€vai, to leave Aegina autonomous. Cf. ch. 67, 2. — 
 •irpovXeyov (TrpoXe-yco) : not here in the sense to declare beforehand, but, to 
 announce, to declare solemnly. — KaGeXovo-i (KaGaipew), after having rescinded, 
 or in case they should rescind, sc. aii-rots limiting p.rj dv -yevec-Bai TroXetxov, 
 iAai a war would not arise (to them). — a>, relates to \[rf|c(>urp.a. — eipuTO avrovs 
 F*l XP f i (r ® cu : "verbs of declaring may take either the ace. or the dat. with 
 the infin." Kriig. : it had been said to them not to use, or, they were told not to 
 use. Ch. 67, 4. — 2. ImKaXowres, charging upon (in the sense accusing of). 
 — rfjs Upas, that which was sacred, i. e. to Demeter and Persephone the 
 Eleusinian goddesses : ttjs dopicr-rov (made distinct from ttjs Upas by the 
 repetition of the article), that which ivas not marked off with boundaries, hence 
 in dispute, — lying probably between the territory of Megara and that of 
 Athens. — viroSox^v : connected by Kai to eirep-yacrtav : obj. of i-micaXovv- 
 T€s. — 3. tcXos : adv. ace, finally. — cav .... euoGecrav, sc. Xe-yeiv, (of 
 those things) which they were previously wont (to say) : atrrd Se TaSe, but just 
 these things, or only these things: on before the oratio recta, not rendered 
 into English, cf. 137, 4, introduces the sentence explaining rdSe. — €ivai, 
 €lt] .... defjetre, to continue, and it would continue, if you would, etc. (dcpeiTjTe 
 or d4>€iT6, optat.). To this point, the sentence is dependent. When all 
 this had been done, then the Athenians having called an assembly, etc. — 
 &7ra£ : mark the emphatic force of this word, once for all: pouXeucraiiivovs 
 agrees with the subj. of diroKplv-, it seemed expedient that they, etc. — 4. eir' 
 dp.(p6T6pa, toivards both (sides), i. e. for and against concession to the de- 
 mands of the Lacedaemonians : -yi-yy6p,€voi Tats "yvcap-ais, lit. becoming in 
 their opinions, or as we sa} r , inclining, leaning in their opinions : Kai .... Kai,, 
 both .... and, presenting two things of equal weight and importance : not 
 like re . . . . Kai, the less, and then the more important. — With etvat 
 and with KaOeXeiv understand xp'n : that it is necessary that the decree (con- 
 cerning the Megarians) be not in the way of, etc. — Kai before TrapeXBwv, 
 correl. with ri after &XX01, introduces the second and more important 
 thought : and especially. — irap?]V£i : irapaivea). 
 
 Chap. 140-144. Speech of Pericles. For an excellent outline of 
 this discourse, see Grote's Hist. ch. 48 ; also Wilkins's Speeches from 
 Thucydides, p. 51. 
 
 Chap. 145. apio-ra : adj. neut. plur. : obj. of irapaiveiv, avTov subj., 
 that he advised what was best. — tyj .... "yvtop/r) : cf. 93, 5. — a>s 'ifypacrz : 
 connected in thought only with Ka0 5 ^Kaorra : both in particulars, as he told 
 them, and in general. — K€Xa>6p.evoi, Itoijxoi (note the accent, see Lex.) : pied. 
 nom. with infin. H. 775 ; S. Gr. 536, b; G. § 136, Note 2: that they would 
 do nothing being bidden, but that they were ready, etc. — errl ictt) Kai oaoia. : 
 cf. ch. 27, 1. 
 
 Chap. 146. auTat, subj. : al-Hai, 8ia<j>opal, pred. (since they are with- 
 out the article). — 4-yevovro djx^oTepois, arose to both (parties). In ch. 23, 
 
MEMORABILIA I. 113 
 
 6, we have the const, fjo-av iKa/rcpcov, were of, etc. We have here awTou, 
 referring to what precedes, in 23, 6, ai'8e denoting what follows. — 8u«s 
 should not be confounded with ojjlws. — «v avTais : referring to alrCou and 
 Sicupopai : in the midst of them, i. e. during the time of these accusations 
 and differences. — &iaipi»KT<*>s, without a herald. After the war had actually 
 commenced they could not thus approach each other. For the staff or 
 mace carried by heralds, see Die. Antiqq. p. 218, a. — £v-yx v<rt Sj irpd<|>ao-is : 
 pred. — xd "yi"yvdp.eva : subj. : the events [which were) happening were, etc. 
 
 MEMORABILIA. 
 
 The student is referred to the chapter on "Socrates," in the eighth 
 volume of Grote's History. For the life and writings of Xenophon, 
 see Class. Diet. ; also " Ancient Classics for English Readers," Vol. 
 Xenophon. 
 
 BOOK I. — Chapter I. 
 
 The refutation of the charge (§ 1), that Socrates did not reverence the 
 gods of the Athenians, but introduced new deities. 
 
 1. Socrates sacrificed, like the other Athenians, to the gods of the state 
 (§ 2). 
 
 2. He made use of divination (§ 2-9). 
 
 3. His teachings no less than his actions showed him to be a man pre- 
 eminently pious (§ 10-20). 
 
 1. e8a.iip.ao-a : aor. for perf. H. 706 ; S. Gr. 481 : I have often, etc. — 
 rio-i ttot€ Xd-yots, by what possible arguments, tiq-i st. otsTwrt. H. 682 ; 
 S. Gr. 565 ; G. 149, 2. When the indirect question takes the character 
 of the direct, the direct interrog. pronouns take the place of the indefinite 
 relatives, ttotc = Lat. tandem, denoting in interrogations impatience for 
 an answer, or astonishment. Accent ? H. 105, b, and 111, d ; S. Gr. 65, 
 b ; 69, a ; G. 27, 2 ; 28, 3. — ol "ypcaj/dpevoi ScoKpoVrnv, the accusers of Soc- 
 rates, viz.: Meletus, a third-rate poet, Anytus, a tanner, and Lycon, an 
 orator. (Cf. Smith's History of Greece, ch. xxxv. § 14, 15.) — ws &|ios 
 e'ir|, that he was worthy. H. 731 and a ; S. Gr. 500 ; G. 243. The opt. 
 showing that the writer is not responsible for the thought, since he gives 
 it only as what might be. — ttj irdXei, from the state. H. 601 ; S. Gr. 437 ; 
 G. 184, 5. — jxe'v solitarium. H. 862, a; S. Gr. 585, a a. — 7pa<j>t|, indict- 
 ment. — Toid.8e.TLS, about as folloivs, haec fere, tis gives indefiniteness to 
 the statement. — oi)s p-ev .... eVepa 8e : correlative. — Oeovs ov vopi£a>v, 
 in not believing in the gods. Circumstan. part, of manner or cause. 0eoxi$. 
 
114 NOTES. 
 
 Incorporation. H. 809, 3, and a ; S. Gr. 553; G. 154. — dSiKct : repeated 
 in imitation of the formality of legal documents. — 8e, and; ko.£, also. 
 
 2. o«v : differs how fr. "dtpa ? H. 866 ; S. Gr. 586, b. It here, denotes 
 a transition from the general statement to an examination of particulars ; 
 Lat. igitur, then. — 6covs. Cf. § 1. — ttot' : see note tio-i ttotc, § 1. — 0va>v. 
 H. 797, 1 ; S. Gr. 546, a. — ri : correl. with Kai before p.avTii<fj. — <f>av€- 
 pos, evidently. H. 488, R. c ; S. Gr. 340, c ; G. 138, N. 7. — ttoXXcLkis [iev 
 .... iroXXdias 8e. H. 862, a; S. Gr. 585, a a. — ofooi : adv. Differs 
 how in form fr. the Nom. PI. of oIkos? — XP^H*^ 051 con st. like 0voov above. 
 
 — 8ieT€0pvXt]TO (SiaGpvXc'to). Plup. denoting the completeness of the ac- 
 tion : it was very commonly reported. — <j>cur]. Why opt.? H. 735, 736 ; S. 
 Gr. 503, 504 ; G. 243. — 8aip.dviov : an adj. used as a substantive. — 50ev 
 Stj ko.1 p.&Xi(TTa, from which very thing they seem to me most especially. 8tj 
 gives force to 80ev (H. 851, 4, and a; S. Gr. 580, d), ko,£ to udXio-Ta. H. 
 856, b ; S. Gr. 583, c. K<xl comm. stands before the word on which its 
 force falls. — Kouvd Scupdvia : the assertion of Soc. to 8cup.dviov kavria 
 o-Tjp.aiv€iv meant, in the mind of the accusers, introducing new divinities. 
 Kcuvd, new in kind ; diff. fr. ve'os, new, but not in kind. 
 
 3. *0 8'. H. 525 (y) ; S. Gr. 375 ; G. 143, N. 2. — tcov dXXtov, gen. 
 of nerson. A brief expression for ^ ravra, dol dXXoi eVolouv. — oliovois, 
 omens from the flight and songs of birds, cpif|p.a.ts, from the sayings of men, 
 crv|x(3dXois, from unforeseen occurrences, like thunder, lightning, the acci- 
 dental meeting of men, etc., GvoHais, from the entrails of victims. — ri, 
 correl. with ko,i in Kaiceivos, and contrasts oiStoi with ckcivos. — ov . . . . 
 ovSe, not that the birds, nor even that the persons, etc. ov stands regularly be- 
 fore the clause on which its force fall*. — toiis drravTwyTas. H. 786, 509, 
 b ; S. Gr. 538, a ; 359, b ; G. 276, 2 ; 139, 1. — tovs Gsovs .... a-r^ai- 
 veiv : same const, as tovs opviGas .... elSevat. — avTa, i. e. rd o-v|ac|>€- 
 povTa. — KaKetvos. H. 68 ; S. Gr. 39 ; G. 11. Position of kcu ? See note 
 Kai jidXio-Ta, § 2. — ovtws. When written oiirto ? H. 80, c ; S. Gr. 45 ; 
 G. 13, 2. 
 
 4. *AXX\ H. 863 ; S. Gr. 585, b. — ol irXetcrTOi, the many, the major- 
 ity: seems to differ little in meaning from ol iroXXoi. Comparison? H. 
 223, 5 ; S. Gr. 130, e ; G. 73, 8. — cjxwriv. Why unaccented in the text ? 
 H. 105, c ; S. Gr. 65, c ; G. 27, 3. — viro re. ri regularly follows the 
 word it connects. But if the word has the art., an attrib. gen., or a prep., 
 ri comm. stands between these and the word it connects. — diroTp€-ir€o-0cu 
 .... irpoTpcireo-ecu. Subj. omitted. Why ? H. 775 ; S. Gr. 536, b ; 
 G. 134, 2. — SwKpd-n^ : deck H. 176, 179 ; S. Gr. 101, c, 108, a ; G. 52, 
 N. 1, 60, 1. — oisirep. Differs how fr. cos? H. 850, 3 ; S. Gr. 580, c. Why 
 not properispomenon ace. to H. 94 c ? See H. 110 ; S. Gr. 68 ; G. 28, N. 3. 
 
 — c-yi-yvcoo-Kcv : see L. and Sc. sub voce II. — oilrtos. Cf. note, § 3. — to 
 Sat|j.6vtov .... o-i]p.atv€iv. What verbs take inf. with subject ace? H. 
 764 ; S. Gr. 527 ; G. 260, 1. — |uvdvTtov, lit. of those who were with (him), 
 hence of 'his associates, followers. A common designation of the # pupils of 
 Soc. They were not called p.a0T]Tai, because he refused to be addressed 
 
MEMORABILIA I. 115 
 
 as teacher, 8i8d<rKaXos. fjvv, old form of <riv. — irpo-n-ydpeve. H. 701 ; S. 
 
 Gr. 476, b ; G. 200. Past action frequently repeated : was accustomed to, 
 etc. — tcl \l4v .... to, 8e. What use of art. ? H. 525, a ; S. Gr. 375, a ; 
 G. 143, 1 : to do some things and not to do others. [Lr\. Why not ov ? H. 832, 
 837 ; S. Gr. 569, 571 ; G. 283, 3. — &>s. Force with a participle? H. 795, 
 e ; S. Gr. 540, c ; G. 277, N. 2 : because, or, on the ground that (as he thought). 
 — <rvve'c|>epe, p-eTc'peXe : impers. — pr|. When does the part, take jitj ? H. 
 839 ; S. Gr. 571 ; G. 283, 4 : to those not obeying (him), (if any did not obey). 
 The part, with jitj after the art. is equivalent to a hypothetical relative 
 sentence : tovtois, ot civ |xtj iretftavTcu. It is frequently difficult to give 
 the force of |xt| in English. 
 
 5. KaiTot : denoting transition and slight contrast, and yet. — tis. 
 Why orthotone ? H. 244, a ; S. Gr. 141, a ; G. 84. tis (interrog.) always 
 has the acute on the iota. — civ 6p.oXo-yT|o-eiev. Pot. opt. expressing a firmly 
 established opinion with reserve and moderation. H. 722, b ; S. Gr. 491, 
 b ; G. 226, 2. Notice the irreg. form -eiev. Differs how fr. the reg. form? 
 Which is more coram.? H. 349, b ; S. Gr. 236 ; G. 116, N. 1. — eSoKei 
 &v .... el ecfxxlveTo. Supposition with contrary reality. H. 746 ; S. Gr. 
 514 ; G. 222. May be transl. as plup., as also irpoe'XeYev .... emcrrevev 
 below. — d}i([>dT€pa to-iito., he would have seemed (to be) both of these, i. e. 
 •fjXiGios kcu dXa£i6v. Tawa : neut. for masc. by H. 522 ; S. Gr. 372 ; G. 
 138, N. 2, (c). — cos. Cf. note on cos § 4. — tpcuvdfxeva, (things) manifested 
 (to him) : obj. of Trpocvyop. - — Kara, kcu cIto.. H. 68, a ; S. Gr. 39, a ; G. 
 11 : and then, after all. dra, eireiTa, and djxcos are often added to the pred- 
 icate -of a sentence with emphat. force. — i|/ex>Sdp.evos. H. 797, 1 ; 802 ; 
 S. Gr. 546, a ; 547. — el [ir\, unless. — dXTjGeiJcreiv, (his predictions) would 
 prove true. — ravTa. The Greek very often uses the pi. to express an idea 
 in its whole extent, and bring before the mind all the particulars involved. 
 Ace. of specif. H. 549 ; S. Gr. 394 ; G. 160, 1. In these matters. — &v 
 iricTTevo-eiev. See note on &v 6|xoX. above. — mo-Tevcov. Notice the use 
 of the part., since he believed in. H. 785, c ; S. Gr. 540, c ; G. 277, 2. Obj. 
 of evd|ii£ev ? 0eovs etveu. 
 
 6. 'AXXd |iT|v, sed vero, but truly or besides, jxtjv denotes confirmation. 
 Notice the imps, eiroiei, crvvePovXeve, and 'eVeix-irey, denoting customary ac- 
 tion. — kcu Td8e, the following things also. Demonstratives in 8e (d8e, -roidsSe, 
 TocrdsSe, rnXiKosSe, adv. coSe) regularly refer to what follows : while ovtos, 
 toloOtos, toctovtos, tt|Xiko\)tos, adv. ovtco refer to what precedes. — tovs 
 emrnSeio-us, lit. the serviceable (persons), i. e. his friends: frequently used in 
 Mem. in this signification, tovs equivalent to a poss. pron., his. H. 527, 
 d ; S. Gr. 377, d ; G. 141, N. 2. — to, . . . . dva/yKCua, the things necessary 
 (to be done). — "yap : here epexegetic, i. e. used after a general assertion to 
 introduce a statement of particulars. Eng. namely. It need not always be 
 transl. into Eng. — kcu contrasts -rrpaTTeiv with evdp.i£€v, to do also, as he 
 thought. — &v. H. 783, a ; S. Gr. 519, a ; G. 211. — dircos. Comparative 
 use, in what way. — civ diropTjcroLTo-, they woidd result (if they should be 
 done). Condition omit. H. 752 ; S. Gr. 520, b ; G. 226, 2. Notice par- 
 
116 NOTES. 
 
 ticularly here &v with the fut. optat. Some grammars in common use say 
 &v is "never" used with the fut. optat. Yet the above reading is found in 
 the edit, of Breit. (1854), in the edition published by Engelmann (1863), 
 in that of Robbins, and in that of Kuh., which we reprint. Kuh. writes 
 a note upon it, explaining its force here. It also occurs with the fut. optat. 
 in most editions of Plato, Rep. X. 615, d ; and is cited thus by Pape. 
 Sophocles, in his recently published Lexicon, cites not less than nine ex- 
 amples of this usage ; among them one from Dionysius of Halicarnassus. 
 There is certainly nothing in the nature of the particle civ or of the fut. 
 optat. which forbids this use ; and the fact is established beyond contro- 
 versy. — |i.avTevG-o(X€voi>s, oraculum consulturos. H. 788, d ; S. Gr. 540, 
 d ; G. 277, 3. — el, whether. — 7roinTe'a : in agreement with Tcunra, i. e. to. 
 &8t}\ci. Meaning of the verbal in re'os. H. 398 ; S. Gr. 265 ; G. 281. 
 
 *7. Kal sometimes introduces an explanation (so for example) so, accord- 
 ingly. — olkovs tc kcu, iroXeis, (lit. both houses and cities) : those who would 
 manage not only domestic, but also public affairs. olKTjo-eiv, Lat. administrare. 
 When -re and kcu connect two members, the latter member is usually more 
 important, and hence receives kcu, the stronger word. — fxavTtxfjs .... 
 irposSeurGcu. Notice the force of irpos in comp. : have additional need of 
 divination. — tcktovikov and fol. adjectives (used as nouns) in pred. with 
 •yevea-Gcu. Meaning of the termination -weds ? H. 469, a ; S. Gr. 321, a : 
 for to become skilled as a carpenter, etc. — eleTCun-iKov, critic, connoisseur: 
 
 governs 
 
 <£py<»v. H. 587, b ; S. Gr. 426, b ; G. 180, 2 : in such pursuits (as 
 precede). See note rcSe, § 6. — kcu. avSpwirov -yvwp/r], even, or, simply in 
 accordance with human judgment, in distinction from 0€<3v "yvwjAT]. 
 
 §• tcl Se p-e'-yio-Ta .... totjtois (lit. the most important of the [things], 
 partitive gen.), the most important things in these pursuits. 8e correl. with 
 \i(v in t€!<tov .... ja£V, § 7. — Jiv ovdiv, no one of which. — 4>vT€i)<ra.|A€va>. 
 Notice the force of the middle voice in this and the fol. verbs. "What use 
 of mid.? H. 689 ; S. Gr. 467 ; G. 199, 2. — SfjXcv. Io-ti om. as often else- 
 where. — el. In the first two instances, whether : in the last two, whether 
 or not. The connection alone can decide whether the. sentence has an 
 affirmative (nonne) or a negative (num) signification. — dvidcreTai .... 
 o-TepTJcreTcu. Fut. mid., usually rendered as passive. H. 412, b; S. Gr. 
 282 ; G. 199, N. 4. Will be troubled .... will be banished. May they 
 not equally well be regarded as mid. ? Will get to himself annoyance .... 
 deprive himself of. 
 
 9. jj.r,8ev. Why not oiSe'v ? H. 837; S. Gr. 571; G. 283, 3. The 
 inf. takes (jltj and its compounds, because it comm. denotes, not a fact, but 
 a conception. — Saijxdviov, adj. in pred., divine, dependent on the divinity. — 
 TrdvTa (elvai) ttjs . . . . , all things belong to the province of human judgment. 
 H. 572, c; S. Gr. 415, (c), d; G. 169, 1. — Scu|i,ov&v has for subj. tovs 
 olop-e'vovs. For the contraction, see H. 371, a ; S. Gr. 251, a. The student 
 will notice the play upon words in Sauxoviov .... Saijxovclv. — 8aip.ovdv 
 Se kcu. tovs .... and mad were those also who. — A, .... , (in respect to 
 those things) which the gods gave to men to decide by (having learned) learning. 
 
MEMORABILIA I. 117 
 
 Anteced. om. H. 810 ; S. Gr. 554 ; G. 152. — SiciKplveiv. Subj. om. H. 
 776 ; S. Gr. 536, c ; G. 134, 2. When this is the case, a modifier (p.a0ovo-i) 
 of the subject of the inf. takes the case of the preceding object (dvGpwirois). 
 
 — olov, adv. as, for instance. — lirio-Tap-evov (obj. of Xaf3eiv) fjVio^siv, one 
 knowing how to drive. H. 764, b ; S. Gr. 527, b ; G. 260. — eirl ^euvos. 
 Art. omit. , as in many common expressions ; lirl Setirvov, to supper ; hm I 
 0T|pav, to the chase; d<p J I'ttttov, on horseback. H. 530, b ; S. Gr. 379, c. 
 \af3eiv eiria-T. kt4., subj. of Kpeixrov (€iT|). Transl. as if in fob order; iroTe- 
 pov (€tT|) KpeiTTOV Xaj3eiv l-rrl £ev"yos 67n.a-Tdp.evov TjvioxeiV r\ ktc. — t-^v vavv. 
 Art. as possess, pron. H. 527, d ; S. Gr. 377, d ; G. 141, N. 2. — $\ i', or 
 (if any one should ask those things) which. — dpi0p.T|o-avTas .... perp. 
 .... o-W|<r. Particip. of means. H. 789, b ; S. Gr. 540, b ; G. 277, 2. 
 
 — reus to, Totavra. Asyndeton. Frequently so when tokxvtci, aXXa or 
 aXXoi include a summary of what has been and is to be named. — d0€p.io-Ta : 
 obj. of iroietv. — ct, relates to the obj. (sc. ravra) of pav0dveiv. — ir€ipdo-0at, 
 (sc. ?(pT] 8e), depends on Setv. — tovs 0eovs .... o-r)pcuv€iv : sc. '4$r\. Inf. 
 st. finite mood. H. 773, b ; S. Gr. 527, a ; G. 260, 2, N. 1. — ots dv wouv 
 I'Xew, to whomever they may be propitious. Hypoth. rel. sent. H. 757 ; S. Gr. 
 523, c; G. 233. t'Xea>. Att. sec. deck H. 209 ; S. Gr. 117; G. 64. 
 
 10. J AXXd prfjv : see note, § 6. —yi. H. 850, 1 ; S. Gr. 580, a. — del 
 \l\v .... cpavepw, was always in public, pe'v correl. with 8e in § 11, con- 
 trasting del .... §avepu» with ovSels ktI. — irpw'C re -ydp .... , for both 
 in the morning he was accustomed to go to the public walks, etc. ri correl. with 
 k<x£ in KCtl ttXtj© .... Kal to Xonr. — ireptiraTos. 1. a walking; 2. a place 
 for walking: especially in the public buildings, protected from the heat 
 of the sun and storms. Cf. ot Ik tov irepiTrdTou, the peripatetic school of 
 Aristotle, because he taught walking in a portico of the Lyceum at Athens. 
 •yvuvdcria. : places for exercise and instruction, much frequented by the 
 rhetors and sophists and their pupils. For a description, see Smith's Diet. 
 Antiq., Becker's Charicles, Excurs. V. ffsi : H. 701 ; S. Gr. 476, b ; G. 
 200. — itXt]0owtis d^opas. Gen. of time. H. 591 ; S. Gr. 428 ; G. 179. 
 The day was comm. divided into four parts ; Trpcot, morning ; irXir|0ovcra 
 d"yopd, full market ; peo-qpPpta, noon ; SetX-q, afternoon ; after which came 
 eo-rre'pa, evening. — <pavepbs fjv, was to be seen. — pe'XXot o-uv«'o-ecr0ai. Peri- 
 phrastic Fut. H. 711 ; S. Gr. 484. The opt. represents the thought as 
 the intention of Socrates. H. 731 ; S. Gr. 500 ; G. 241. — e^e: see fjet 
 above : was conversing. — «s to ttoXv, for the most part, usually. — e£f]v. 
 Impers. Subj. dxoveiv. H. 494, a ; S. Gr. 348 ; G. 134, Note 2. 
 
 11. EcoKpaTovs .... irpaTTOVTOs eiSev. etSsv here takes the gen. 
 instead of its usual construction with the ace. in imitation of the const, of 
 the fol. clause, Xe^ovTOS i]Koucr€V. No one ever saw or heard Socrates either 
 doing or saying anything .... -rrpaTTOVTOs, XeyovTOs : supp. part. H. 796, 
 799 ; S. Gr. 545, 546, c ; G. 280. When do two negatives strengthen the 
 negation? How many can be used in Eng.? H. 843 ; S. Gr. 577 ; G. 283, 
 8. — OvSe .... dXXd Kal, not only not .... but even. — fjirep : dat. of 
 manner (fr. 6s : anteced. omitted), irep : intensive. H. 850, 3 ; S. Gr. 
 
118 NOTES. 
 
 580, c : in the very way in which, even as. — twv dXXcov, of the other teachers, 
 philosophers. — Su-Xt'-yeTo. N otice the force of the imp. — oircos : as interrog. , 
 in what manner. — 6 Ko.Xoiip.cVos .... Kocrpos, the universe so called by the 
 sophists. <ro<j>ia-Tir]s, originally in a good sense, a wise man, afterwards as a 
 term of reproach for those teachers who taught for the sake of gain. The 
 latter use of the word sprung up in the time of Socrates. See Grote, Vol. 
 VIII. ch. 67, 68.— tUtiv, in indirect quest. H. 682 ; S. Gr. 565 ; G. 149, 
 2. — dvcryKais, necessary laws. H. 518, c ; S. Gr. 369, b. 
 
 12. Trpwrov pe'v, eorrel. with €ctkoit€i 8e, § 15. — avrwv lo-tcdim, he used 
 to ask them, avrcov (i. e. rovs <j>povTl£ovTas rd roiavTa) : gen. of person. 
 H. 582 ; S. Gr. 422, c ; G. 171, 2, Note 1. Instead of the ace. of the 
 thing we have here the sentence, iroTepa k. t. X. — ttot4. Cf. note, § 1. — 
 vo|ilcravT€s : cause. H. 789, c ; S. Gr. 540, c ; G. 277, 2. — TdvOpcomva. 
 dvGpcomva and, later, dvGpwTreia, appear to be used without difference of 
 meaning, human affairs. — to ... . cppovTi^eiv, as subst. H. 779, 780 ; 
 S. Gr. 533; G. 262, 1 . — irape'vTes : irap^jxt. II. 367, d; S. Gr. 248, d; 
 G. 26, (2). — to, Saipovia, res divinae. Here referring to physics, which, 
 as then taught by the sophists, were founded upon mere conjectures, the 
 discussion of which was opposed by Socrates as of no practical benefit to 
 men ; and the whole subject, so little understood, was regarded by him as 
 belonging rather to divine beings than to men. 
 
 13. el, he wondered whether, nearly equivalent to he wondered that. 
 Perhaps el is preferred to oti, to avoid the repetition of #ti, which occurs 
 at the beginning of the next clause. The employment of the indie, (Icttiv) 
 in orat. obi. instead of the opt. makes the past event appear as present, 
 and gives spirit to the narration. — toiis ^iyitrrov <{>povoiivTas. Cf. \iiya. 
 <|)poveiv : those priding themselves most upon their speaking concerning .... — 
 ravTd. Diff. bet. ravra and ravrd ? H. 234, 239 ; S. Gr. 134,' a ; G. 79, 
 2, Note. — 8o|d^6iv. Inf. in orat. obi. st. finite mood. H. 734, c ; S. Gr. 
 502, c ; G. 260, 2. — dXX^Xois, dependent on raira. H. 603 ; S. Gr. 438, 
 b ; G. 186. — rets pouvopevois. Dat. of likeness with opouos : are dis- 
 posed towards each other (as far as regards agreement in their opinions) like 
 madmen. 
 
 14. Proof of the last assertion. — tcSv re "yap pcuvop.e'v<«>v, eorrel. with 
 
 TWV T€ . . . . p.epi|XVWVT(OV. T€ .... T€, OS ... . SO. TOVS p.€V .... 
 
 tous Si, some . . . others. . ov8e, not even. 8s gives emphasis to rd Seivd : 
 may be separated from oil in transl. ; do not fear even the things that are fear- 
 ful. — jj.t) : attrib. of <j>of3epd. H. 534, a ; S. Gr. 380, d. — «j>of3€?cr8ai, 
 differs fr. 8e8ie'vai in denoting a more transient emotion ; are frightened. — 
 oii8' Iv 6)(Xt}>. Cf. ov&k rd 86ivd. kv #xtaj» dependent on Xe'yeiv § iroieiv. 
 
 — e|iTT|Teov .... etvat, subj. of 8ok€iv. Transl., it dops not seem good that 
 one should even go forth among men. — Upov. Cf. L. and Sc. sub voce, II. 2. 
 
 — XiGovs Kal |vXa Td T-ux° VTa > quoslibet lapides et quaelibet ligna. Kiih. 
 to tv)(ov, any chance thing : hence to, T-u^ovra kt!., common, worthless stones 
 and pieces of wood (stocks). — to 6v, that which exists, the universe. Subj. of 
 the fol. word. That the universe is one thing only was the opinion of 
 
MEMORABILIA I. 119 
 
 Thales, Pythagoras, Xenophanes, and other philosophers. — dimpa. Sc. 
 to, ovra elvai. The view of Leucippus and Democritus, defenders of 
 the atomic theoiy. — to irXfjGos : ace. of specif. — dtl Kivcio-Gai -iravTa. 
 The theory of Heraclitus of Ephesus, that all things are subject to a per- 
 petual change (t| twv irdvTwv porj). — ovSev dv ttotc Kivi]0f]vaL, nothing can 
 ever be moved The opinion of Zeno Eleates. — trdvTa yLyvzo-dal n Kal 
 dir6X\v<r8at belongs to the view of Heraclitus : and ovV dv "yeveo-Gat ttotc 
 ovhkv ovV diroXeio-Gai to the view of Zeno. Notice the force of the pres- 
 ent tense in yiyvta-Qai and dirdXXvo-Qai. For the use of dv with KLVTjGfjvai 
 and ^eveo-eai see H. 722, b ; S. Gr. 491, b ; G. 211. Can ever, etc. — diro- 
 \eio-0cu : dirdXXvui. Note the tense, also the distinction bet. the act. and 
 mid. In this section observe the diff. bet. eljxt and -yiYvouai : elp.1 denot- 
 ing existence ; , yfy vo f J,aL > coming into existence. 
 
 15. Kal Td8e, the following also kcU comm. stands before the word on 
 which its force falls. — dp', whether, here introducing an indirect question. 
 Differs how fr. dpa inferential ? H. 828, b ; 865 ; S. Gr. 566, b ; 586, a. 
 
 — aisTrep, just as. trip intens. Why not properispomenon ? H. 110 ; S. 
 Gr. 68; G. 28, Note 3. — tovG 5 , obj. of iroi,T|o-€iv. — 8ti dv |xdGwo-iv: subst. 
 clause in apposition with to-Oto : they will do that, whatever they have learned, 
 more lit. shall have learned. H. 760 ; S. Gr. 523, c ; G. 232, 3. — lav-rots 
 . . . . 6>a> (Sstis) : dat. of advantage. H. 597 ; S. Gr. 433 ; G. 184, 2. 
 
 — ovto) corresponds to aisirep above : so those also. — dvd"y;<ai.s : see note 
 § 11. — iroiT|0-€i€v, will make, produce. — vSaTa, rain. — wpas, seasons. — dXXov. 
 Incorporation. H. 809, 1 ; S. Gr. 553, b ; G. 154, Note. We may ren- 
 der, and whatever else of such (lit. things) a native they may desire. For the 
 uses of the subjunctive in this section see H. 757 ; S. Gr. 523 ; G. 232, 3. 
 
 16. ravTa •jrpa"YuaT€vcp,eva)v, busying themselves with these things. — 
 Toiaih-a ^Xe^ev, he used to say such things (as above). H. 679 ; S. Gr. 461, b ; 
 G. 148, Note 1. — dv . . . . SieXe'-yero, would converse (if opportunity oc- 
 curred). H. 704 ; S. Gr. 479 ; G. 206. — o-kottcSv ri eixri^is, ri do-ePe's, 
 considering what (was) pious, what impious. Was need not be supplied in 
 rendering into Eng. after the first expression. Translate the Greek as it 
 stands. — troXis .... ttoXitikos, state .... statesman. This section shows 
 that the teaching of Socrates was of a character eminently practical. — Kal 
 (sc. o-kot-wv) Trcpl TcSv dXXtov. — d to-us fxev elSoTas ktI., those persons who 
 knew ivhich, he deemed were .... but those who were ignorant (of which) ought 
 rightly to be called slavish. kcXovs (Kal d-y-) Ka-yaGovs, — words frequently 
 in the mouth of Socrates, and denoting persons distinguished by birth, 
 education, physical strength, and moral excellence : used by Socrates with 
 special emphasis on the last three qualities. For dv with K€KXfjcrGai, see 
 H. 783, a ; S. Gr. 519, a ; G. 211. 
 
 17. p.i\ st. ov, because of an implied condition, if it was not evident 
 how he judged some things. — <j>avep6s. Pers. construction. In an Eng. 
 rendering the impersonal is preferred. Obj. of l-yl-yvwo-Kev, oo-a : but pre- 
 serving the Greek order, we may render : In regard to as many things as it 
 was not evident how he judged. — virip ; in the sense of ircpi. H. 633, b, 
 
120 NOTES. 
 
 end. Employed to avoid repetition of irepl. — tovtwv, i. e. bVa .... 
 eytyvwcTKev. 
 
 18. BovXevcras, having been a member of the council: see L. & Sc. Bov- 
 Xevu, II. Participles standing in the same relation to the pred. are joined 
 by a connective (fJovXevo-as .... kcu .... 6p.dcras). But a part, de- 
 noting a diff. relation (-y€vdp,€vos) is unconnected with the preceding. — 
 liria-Ta.rr\s. The (BovXt) of the Athenians consisted of 500 senators, who 
 were divided according to the ten tribes into ten irpvTavcicu : each of which 
 in turn presided over the state for 35 or 36 days. Each Prytany (50 mem- 
 bers) was divided into five bodies of ten irodeSpoi, who presided for a week. 
 From these -n-poeSpoi was daily chosen by lot an emcrTaT^s, prineeps sena- 
 tus, president. — irapd tovs vcpx>vs. The illegality consisted in condemn- 
 ing the whole nine together (jxia \|/T|c|>ij>), instead of separately. Notice the 
 prominence given to this idea by the position of pad t|/T)<j>a) immediately 
 after evvea o-vpa-rrj-yovs. — tovs ap.<f>l ©pdcrvXXov. H. 639. Phrases. 
 For the incident, which followed the battle of the Arginusae Islands, b. c. 
 406, see Smith's Hist. Greece, ch. xxxii. §§ 17, 18. — diroKT€ivcu, to con- 
 demn to death. — irdvTas. Emphat. posit., in agreement with tovs dp.(f>l 
 kt4. — dp"yi£opivov .... 8r|p.Qv, SwaTwv dweiXovvTwv. H. 790, e ; S. Gr. 
 541, 540, f ; G. 278, 277, 5. — irepl irXeiovos eiroiT|a-aTO . ... % he con- 
 sidered it of greater importance .... than. — irapd to 8ik. Cf. irapd tovs 
 vdpovs above : contrary to. irapd with ace. often in this sense. — <j>vXd- 
 £acr8cu, to ward off for himself to guard himself against. Ind. mid. H. 689, 
 a ; S. Gr. 467 ; G. 199, 2. 
 
 19. Kcu -yap. Usually explained ace. to H. 870, d ; S. Gr. 588, a. 
 — Geovs : without the art., as gods, divine beings in general, are meant. In 
 the fol. line tovs Oeovs, the (well known) gods (of the Athenians). H. 527, 
 a ; S. Gr. 377, b. — 8v Tpoirov. Adv. ace. H. 552 ; S. Gr. 397 ; G. 160, 
 2. Tpoirov. Incorporation. H. 809, and 3, and a; S. Gr. 553; G. 154. 
 Not in the way in which. — Td p.ev . . . . tix 8e, some things .... others. 
 H. 525, a ; S. Gr. 375, a ; G. 143. — ovk elSe'vai. H. 837, 837, b ; S. Gr. 
 571, 571, a ; G. 283, 3. — to, ts Xeydpeva Kal irpaTTOfJteva. "When several 
 connected substantives are regarded as forming a single conception, the 
 art. is not repeated ; but when the ideas are contrasted (to, o-i-yfj (SovXevd- 
 fieva), the art. is expressed. Td Xey. Kal irpaT. are matters cognizable by 
 men, but Td cri-yf) PovXevdp-eva by the gods only. It is to be observed that 
 Soc. here asserts the doctrines of omniscience, omnipresence, and divine 
 assistance for men. 
 
 2®. @avjj.&^co ovv. See § 1. ovV introducing a conclusion. — tfirws 
 itotc. Cf. § 1. — irepl tovs @«ovs. Cf. irepl 0«3v below, irepl seems to be 
 
 used with ace. and gen. with little difference of meaning. — tov pev, 
 
 ■the one ivho, or he who. — itotc : in its comm. signif., ever. We may connect 
 the negative with it in transl., never said or did anything impious — 8e : ad- 
 versative, but. — Xe-yovTa and fol. partt. Notice the force of the pres. sys- 
 tem contrasted with the aor. elirovTa, irpd^avTa. H. 714 ; S. Gr. 486 ; 
 G. 204, 200. Who habitually said and did such tilings . . . as. — av. Con- 
 
MEMORABILIA I. 121 
 
 nect with et'ij and vopi^oiro. — Xe'"ycov teal TrpdrTtov. H. 789, e, 751 ; S. 
 Gr. 540, e, 519 ; G. 277, 4, 226, 1. Here stand st. a cond. of what form ? 
 H. 748; S. Gr. 516; G. 224. 
 
 Chapter IV. 
 
 A conversation of Socrates with Aristodenms, in which is shown from the 
 evidences of design in creation, 
 
 1. That there are gods (§ 1 - 9) ; 
 
 2. That they care for men (10 - 18). 
 
 The natural effect of such conversations on his hearers (§ 19). 
 
 1. Texpaipopevot, conjecturing, on mere conjecture, without examining his 
 method of teaching or his precepts ; or perhaps judging him by those men 
 who, after being under his instruction, fell into vice, e. g. Critias and Alci- 
 biades. — irpOTpe\|/ac-0ai depends on Kpano-Tov, as Trpoo/yo/yeiv on ircavov. 
 H. 767 ; S. Gr. 530 ; G. 261. Most excellent to exhort men to virtue. — c-Ke- 
 \{/dpevoi may be rendered as imperative connected with fol. 8oKipa|avTcov, 
 let them consider .... and judge. — ptj, on account of fol. imp. 8oKtpa^. 
 H. 832, 833 ; S. Gr. 569, 570 ; G. 283, 2. — d . . . . ip<oT<Sv (lit. asking 
 what). Circ. part, means. By what questions .... he refuted those, etc. — 
 KoXcumjplov 'ivtKO., for the sake of (lit. chastisement) bridling, checking (them). 
 
 — tovs iravT olopevovs elBe'vox, i. e. the sophists, whose arrogance and con- 
 ceit Soc. especially withstood. — a \4y<av, with what conversations. 
 
 2. u ttotc avToii r\Kov<ra: gen. of person ; ace. of thing. H. 576, a ; S. 
 Gr. 419, a ; G. 171, 2, IST. 1. What I once heard from him. — tov Scupo- 
 viov. Not the Saip.6viov.of Soc, but in general the deity. — SiaXe-yope'vov : 
 circ. part, time. H. 788, a; S. Gr. 539, a; G. 277, 1. — 'ApioroStipov : 
 at a later period an earnest follower of Soc. — KarapaGwv. Ken-d in comp. 
 intensive. Having thoroughly learned, understood. — Gvovra and fol. partt. 
 H. 799 ; S. Gr. 546, c ; G. 280. — out' evx.6p.evov : probably an interpola- 
 tion. — twv iroiowTwv : governed by Kara in comp. H. 583 (middle of 
 paragraph); S. Gr. 423, a; G. 177. — e'ure : exc. in accent. What other 
 imps, like eiire? H. 366, b; S. Gr. 247, b; G. 26, N. 3, (2). — go-riv 
 ov'srivas. H. 812 ; S. Gr. 556 ; G. 152, JST. 2. Transl. as one word, any. 
 
 — Te9avpaKas. The perfect, as often elsewhere, directing attention not so 
 much to the completion of the action as to its present result, and hence 
 may be rendered by the pres., do you admire. — em, denoting a reason, for. 
 
 — 'iyuyt. The pron., as often, denoting an affirm, reply. — Kal 6s : 6s as 
 demons! H. 243, a; S. Gr. 140, a; G. 151, N. 3. 
 
 3. toivvv, introducing a direct repl} T , then. — eirtov iroiT|o-ei, epic poetry. 
 
 — MeXavnnriBTjv. A contemporary of Soc, living at the court of Mace- 
 don. Some refer it to a grandfather of the last mentioned, of Melos, 520 
 b. c. — 2o<j>oKXea. The celebrated tragic poet, of Athens, 495-406 b. c. 
 
 — rioX-uKXeiTov, Ze€'|iv. Polycletus of Argos and Zeuxis of Heraclea, con- 
 temporaries of Soc, flourishing at about 430 b. c. 
 
 4. LToTepa. H. 831 ; S. Gr. 568 ; G. 282, 5. Not to be transl. in 
 
122 NOTES. 
 
 direct quest. — alioGoupacrrdTcpoi. H. 775 (middle of paragraph) ; S. Gr. 
 536, b ; G. 136, N. 2.—^ ot (direpYo^dpevoi.) £<3a. Notice the contrast of 
 avj>pova with ep.{ppova, and dxtvTjTa with eVcp-ya. — ei'ircp 76, if indeed, pro- 
 vided that. — prj : not ov on acct. of the cond. sent. H. 835 ; S. Gr. 570 ; 
 G. 283, 2. Observe the change of const, [rvyjt] tivi, dat. of instrument, 
 and vtto -yvwpTjs, the usual form for the personal agent) and the idea con- 
 veyed thereby. — Twv 8e . . . . k\6vr(av. '4\(a with an adv. frequently = 
 €ipi : and of those things which are without indication (of the purpose) for which 
 they exist, 'itm. When so accented ? H. 406, b ; S. Gr. 277, c ; G. 28, 
 N. 1. — iroTepcu Interrog. pron., iroTgpos : which do you decide (to be) works 
 of etc. — (xev = pr|v. 
 
 5. Ovkouv, not therefore. For distinction bet. ovkow and ovkovv, see 
 L. & Sc. — eir 1 oxfjeXeia depends on irposGeivai. — 81' cov . . . . e'Kao-Ta, 
 (those things) through which they perceive different objects. — wst€ . . . . «s tc. 
 Purpose. H. 770; S. Gr. 531, b; G. 266, 2.— &ra. Declens.? H. 202, 
 13 ; S. Gr. 112, t ; G. 60, 5. o%s. — yl pr\v, further. Employed, says Brei- 
 tenbach, to avoid the monotony of an oft-repeated 8c'. — el \lt\, unless. — ti 
 . . . . Tis. Why not grave? H. 244, a; S. Gr. 141, a; G. 84 — 81a. 
 <rrdp.aT03. Art. omit, on acct. of the verbal force of the noun : the pleasures 
 (perceived) by tasting. — tovtwv -yvwpwv, a judge of these. 
 
 6. Ilpds, in addition to. — Soksl .... eoiKe'vai, videtur .... putari, 
 does it not seem to you that the foil, also is to be considered a work of forethought? 
 Similarly Sokciv <j>alveo-9cH, II. 1, 22. — to .... 8-upwo-cu, eptpiio-ai, diro- 
 •yeurwcrcH. Inf. as subst. H. 780 ; S. Gr. 533 ; G. 264. In apposition 
 with ToSe preceding, to ... . Ovpwtrai, the closing it with eyelids like doors. 
 — r\for any purpose, or, )^pf]o-0ai ti, to make any use. H. 547, c ; S. Gr. 
 393, c ; G. 159, N. 2. — ass 8 J &v. av denotes the attainment of the pur- 
 pose as contingent. H. 741 ; S. Gr. 507, b ; G. 207, 2. — T|0pbv pXecpapf- 
 8as, eyelashes as a screen. — ofypvtri T€ . . . . opp&T., and the making the parts 
 above the eyes jut out like eaves. — 4k ttjs KeipaXfjs. Notice attrib. position. 
 — to ... . 8ex.eor0ai and fol. infs. are the subjects of the verb of the last 
 clause, where they are repeated and summed up by TaiiTa. — irpdo-9ev. 
 Used like an adj. H. 492, f ; S. Gr. 345, f ; G. 141, N. 3. — irao-u £c&ois : 
 dat. of possessor may be transl. as subject ; and the fact that all animals have 
 the front teeth suitable for cutting. — ol'ous Tepveiv. H. 767, 814 ; S. Gr. 
 530 ; G. 261, N. — Scrape vous Xecuveiv. The reg. Gk. idiom, a part, and 
 an inf. instead of two infs.: to receive (food) from these and grind (it). — 
 o-Tcpa : obj. of KaTaGetvai. — tirel to, anoyoipovvTa. : sc. co-tI. 
 
 H . ovTto ye (TKoirovpe'va). H. 601 and a ; S. Gr. 437 ; G. 184, 5. — 
 Tg)(VT|paTi. H. 603 ; S. Gr. 438, b ; G. 186. — to ep4>S<ra,i. In same const, 
 as Se'xco-Oai and fol. infs. in § 6 ; to-Sto. ovT<a .... Ijttiv implied. — -Tats 
 -yeivape'vais. Notice the gender : in mothers. — Xftv : fr. £da> : irreg. contract. 
 H. 371, c ; S. Gr. 251, c ; G. 123, N. 2.— 'Ape'Xei, surely. See L. & Sc. — 
 ZtSa etvcu, obj. of PovXevcrapevov ; of some one who has designed that animals 
 exist. 
 
 8. o-avTov : expressed for emphasis. H. 775, b ; S. Gr. 536, b. — 80- 
 
MEMORABILIA I. 123 
 
 K6is, do you think. — 'Epwra .... airoKptvovp.au Arist., not wishing to 
 reply boldly in the affirmative, requests Soe. to continue his questions, and 
 (it is implied) judge by the replies he makes. — "AXXo0i. Force of the end- 
 ing 0t ? H. 203, a ; S. Gr. 114 ; G. 61. — ofci. H. 363 ; E, a ; S. Gr. 245, 
 b. — Kal TaiiTa, and that too. H. 508, b ; S. Gr. 358, b. — iroXXfjs oiio-qs, 
 agreeing with yfjs, which is vast. circ. part. — to o-<3pa, your body. H. 527, 
 d ; S. Gr. 377, d ; G. 141, N. 2. Transl. as if, o-vvi'ippoo-Tai o-ct Xapdvri 
 piKpov pcpos €Kao-Tov twv dXXcov 8r|Trov pe-ydXcov ovtcsv. — vovv 8£ . . . . 
 o-vvapirdo-at, and do you think that you alone by some good fortune .... exist- 
 ing nowhere else 1 ? o-e. Why accented? H. Ill, b; S. Gr. 69, b; G. 28, 
 N. 1, (3). Cf. Cicero, N. D. II. 6. Unde enim hanc (mentem) homo arri- 
 puit ? ut ait apud Xenophontem Socrates. — Kal tuSs .... dirsipa, and 
 that these immensely great and innumerable (lit. countless in numbr-r) (bodies). — 
 a>s ol'ei, belongs to 8i 5 d<j>poa-vvT|v nvd only. — ^X €lv : see L. & Sc. IV. : 
 maintain themselves in order. 
 
 9. Md At': always, neg., unless vat precedes. H. 545; S. Gr. 391. 
 Here in answer to the quest., dXXoOi 8e ovSapoi) auSev ol'ei cppovipov «tvai ; 
 wsrrep : sc. 6pc3. — (KSe "ydp. -yap often refers to a thought to be sup- 
 plied. Here, ov\ opds toiis Kvpiovs ' ovhe -ydp kt£. — kavrov : st. creavrov, 
 your own. H. 672, a; S. Gr. 459, c; G. 146, N.2. — -fj. How distin- 
 guished fr. the art.? H. 103, a; S. Gr. 64, a; G. 29. —yi: belongs to 
 what ? H. 850, 1, a ; S. Gr. 580, a. — tovto, this (reasoning). 
 
 10. OiiVot, certainly not. roi strengthens. — ckcivo : more expressive 
 than avTo. — tj a>s, for i] costs ; too magnificent to need my service in addition. 
 H. 768 ; S. Gr. 531, a. — 6o-a>, Toowrto. H. 610 ; S. Gr. 444 ; G. 188, 2. 
 — p.€YaXoTrp€Treo-Tepov : sc. 6v : the more magnificent he is while he designs to 
 take care of you, is he not so much the more to be honored ? 
 
 11. "EireiTa, without 8e, used in questions to indicate astonishment at 
 something unexpected. — ol', they, who. #s after a question = ovtos Yap. — 
 dveo-TTjo-av. 1 aor. trans. — irXeiov belongs to irpoopdv, which depends on 
 8vvao-0ai : makes them able to look forward a greater distance. — ots : anteced. 
 om. (in those parts) in which. — epireTOis : a poetic w T ord for £«ois. — to iro- 
 pev€o-0ai. H. 780 ; S. Gr. 533 ; G. 264. — Trpos€0€trav. Force of irpds in 
 comp. ? — ots, through which. Dat. of means. — ckcIvwv. Gen. after comp. 
 H. 585 ; S. Gr. 425 ; G. 175. 
 
 13. Kal p^jv .... i\6vT0iv, and while .... yet. H. 790, e ; S. Gr. 
 541 ; G. 278, 277, 5. — ol'av .... dpOpovv. Cf. ol'ovs, § 6. — dXXoT€ 
 dXXaxfj, now here, now there.— Kal (ol'av rjpds) o-T]pa£v€iv, and (such that we) 
 signify. — To 8^ ... . Sovvai .... Trape'xciv : sc ov Gavpao-Tov eo-Tiv ; 
 
 13. Ov roivvv .... T|pK€o-e, moreover it was not sufficient, toivuv, de- 
 noting transition to something which naturally follows. — oirep., which very 
 thing, i. e. the fol. sent., ri\v t|/vxT|V .... evecpvo-g. — ttjv tyvy^v KpaTi- 
 o-tt|v. Why not ttjv KpaTio-rrjv \|/ijx.t|v ? H. 535, b ; S. Gr. 381, b ; G. 
 142, 3. — tIvos .... tH(JI- A rt. om. H. 530 ; S. Gr. 379, a; G. 141, 
 b. What other animal's soul. — 0€wv . . . . f|O-0t|Tai 6ti. Prolepsis. H. 726 ; 
 S. Gr. 495. — tcov o~uvTa£dvT«v. Circ. part, denoting an additional idea ; 
 
124 NOTES. 
 
 who have arranged. — Gepairevovc-i : attracted to the no. of dv0pcoiroi : espe- 
 cialty since tp^Xov is a collective noun. — tt)s dv0piomvT]s : gen. with comp. 
 H. 585 ; S. Gr. 425 ; G. 175. — i|/v X ti ^ OaX-rn]. PI. of abstract nouns to 
 express repeated instances of the quality. H. 518, c ; S. Gr. 369, b. — 
 pwprjv do-KTJo-ai (lit. to practise strength), to acquire strength by exercise. — 
 €Kirovf]o-ai : in trans. : to strive. — o<ra dv dKOTJcrr) kt4. H. 757; S. Gr. 523; 
 G. 233. Whatever it may, etc. — 8iap€p.vf]o-0ai. Perf. with pres. meaning. 
 H. 712 ; S. Gr. 475, b ; G. 200, N. 6. 
 
 14. yap. Ace. to Kiih. -yap in this situation is conclusive, then. — 
 KardSTjXov. Force of na/rd in comp.? — irapd, in comparison with. H. 648. 
 
 — 4>vo-ei. Dat. of manner: o-wpari, xj/v^fj, respect. — (3obs dv. dv gives 
 emphasis to the preceding word ; frequently so when repeated in the same 
 sentence. H. 873, a ; G. 212, 2. — With '£\o>v understand dv0pwiros, a 
 person, fr. the foregoing dv0panroi. — eSvvaT* dv. H. 746 ; S. Gr. 514 ; G. 
 220, (a), 2. Cond. expressed by ^cov. H. 751 ; S. Gr. 519 ; G. 226, 1. 
 
 — ov'0' 6<ra kt€., nor do as many (animals) as have hands, but are, etc. Pres. 
 indie, because the discourse is concerning animals which really exist. — 
 irXe'ov ovSe'v, any advantage. "Apes have hands resembling those of men, 
 but are not on that account equal to men in ability." Schneider. — dp.<j>o- 
 Tepcov, i. e. <rt6p.aTos sea! ^v^S. H. 574, c ; S. Gr. 417, e ; G. 171, 1. — 
 irXeUr-rov d£Uov, most valuable. H. 584, e ; S. Gr. 424, e ; G. 178, N. — 
 i>T<xv .... avTO-us, whenever they do what, will you believe that they . . . . ? 
 
 15. a-v o-oi. Why accented ? H. Ill, b ; S. Gr. 69, b ; G. 28, N. 1, 
 (3). Diff. bet. the dat. of person with verb of motion (o-ol irep/Trav) and 
 the ace. with a j>rep. (irapa <re irep-ireiv) ? The ace. denotes a passive ob- 
 ject, an obj. merely acted upon. The dat., an active obj., one not merely 
 aimed at, but also sharing in the action. H. 595, 617 ; S. Gr. 431 ; G. 
 184 (and Bern, preceding). — <rvp.poXovs, omens (to show). — oi .... 8okcis, 
 do you not think? ov . . . . ov8' .... ovS\ not ... . nor even .... 
 nor yet. — dXXd .... KaTariGevTai. Transition to direct discourse : <m 
 the contrary selecting you alone do they (lit. place you in neglect) utterly neg- 
 lect you ? 
 
 16. dv Ijwpvo-ai. H. 783, b ; S. Gr. 519, b ; G. 211. What verbs 
 take the inf. as obj.? H. 764 ; S. Gr. 527 ; G. 260. — ei5 kcu kcikws iroieiv. 
 Transitive : to benefit and injure (men). — SvvaTOi. Sc. eu Kal KaK»s iroieiv. 
 
 — Xpovov. H. 550, a; S. Gr. 395, a; G. 161. — iroXvxpoviwTara Kal <ro- 
 tptoTOLTa. What words make comp. and superl. in -wrepos, -wto/tos? — tto- 
 Xeis, £0vt] : part, appos. with rd Trohvyjpov. Kal o-ocpiGraTa. H. 500, b ; S. 
 Gr. 353, a ; G. 137. — at tppov- rjXiKiai, the most prudent periods of life, i. e. 
 the years of maturity. — 0€»v : gen. depending on a word of mental action : 
 most attentive to the gods. 
 
 17. 'a-yaGe. Crasis. H. 68; S. Gr. 39; G. 11. A friendly form of 
 address, frequently used when one wishes to convey a gentle reproof. — 
 &pT] : thrown in, although there is no change of speaker ; ' so often. Cf. 
 the use of inquit in Lat. — evwv. When a part, and a verb, closely con- 
 nected, have the same obj., it is comm. expressed but once. In Eng. we 
 
MEMORABILIA I. 12o 
 
 naturally render it with the part. : which is in your body manages (it) as it 
 pleases. — ttjv 4v ttcivt! <$>pdvT]o-i.v : subj. of Ti0«o-0ai. — tol irdvTa : obj. of 
 TL0co-Bai : disposes all things. — Kal fxrj : sc. oieo-0ai \pr\, which is likewise 
 to be understood with p.T]8e below. — pev . . . . 8e: here connect two sen- 
 tences of which the second only is really required in the connection, the 
 first being inserted for the sake of contrast. — irepl rdiv Iv Al-yuirru) Kal 4v 
 E. Why not Kal -rrcpl tov kv 2.? Because 4v 2. forms one idea with the 
 preceding, hence the prep, and art. are not repeated. The student will not 
 fail to be impressed with the thoughts in this section and the following one. 
 
 18. "Hv pe'vTOi, if truly. — GepairetW and fol. partt., x a P l t°P", °"up- 
 (BovXeudp.., 0€paTT€ti., denoting means : by paying court to men you discover who 
 are willing, etc. — eOe'XovTas .... GeX-rjerouo-i. Gt'Xco infrequent in Xen. 
 We notice here 40e'X- after a cons., GeX- after a vowel. — owrw .... 0epa- 
 irevwv, so you make a trial of the gods also by worshipping them. — el, whether. 
 — to 0€iov otu Prolepsis. Cf. note § 13. — toctovtov Kal toioOtov, so great 
 and of such a nature. — avTOvis, i. e. toiis Beoiis, implied in to 0eiov. avTovs 
 is grammatically superfluous. But often the meaning of a subst. is repeated 
 by a fol. demonst. pron., partly for perspicuity and partly for emphasis. 
 
 19. TavTa Xeyoiv, by saying these things. — oitotc opwvTO .... etev. 
 Opt. denoting indef. frequency of past action. H. 729; S. Gr. 498; G. 
 233. — dire'xco-Gai, has for subj. tous on>vdvTas ; and with its subj. is obj. 
 of iroietv, to cause his associates to refrain from. — dvoo-itov, wicked (in the 
 sight of God). d8lKcov, unlawful (in the sight of men). — eireCirep T)Y 1 1 " alv " 
 to, since indeed they deemed. Attracted to opt. fr. indie. t|Yr|cravTO. Kiih. 
 — p/qSev av . . . . 8taXa0€tv, none (of the things) which they did could ever 
 escape the knowledge of the gods. 
 
 Chapter VI. 
 
 Three conversations of Socrates with Antiphon. 
 
 1. Concerning the poverty and frugality of Socrates, and his refusal to 
 receive pay for his instructions (§ 1 -10). 
 
 2. Concerning his refusal to accept pay (§ 11 - 14). 
 
 3. Concerning his failure to engage in public affairs (§ 15). 
 
 1. "A£iov. Sc. k<nl. It is worth while. — 8e connects this chapter with 
 a previous one. — avrov depends on the clause a . . . . SieXe'x©^, which is 
 equivalent to Xd-yovs : not to pass by his conversations with Ant. (lit. his [con- 
 versations] also which he, etc.). — 'AvtuJnSv, a sophist from Crete. — ttotc, 
 once, once upon a time. — to» 2a>Kpd/m. One would expect avTtS here, after 
 the preceding avroi) .... avrov ; but the repetition of a subst. after a 
 pron. or noun is not unfrequent. — irapdvTcov avTcov. Time: when, etc. 
 What relations are denoted by the gen. abs.? 
 
 2. wp-nv : olpai. — euSaip. xp^vai •yfyveo-Gai, must needs be more pros- 
 perous (than other men). — TavavTia .... diroXeXavKe'vai, to have derived 
 the reverse from your philosophy. Ace. of thing : gen. of source of enjoy- 
 ment. PL 582; G. 176, 1. — £fjs. For peculiarity of contraction, see H. 
 
126 NOTES. 
 
 371, c ; S. Gr. 251, c ; G. 123, N. 2. — -yow : o5v with particles has em- 
 phatic force, surely, certainly. — ot>8' dv els. More emphatic than oi8cls 
 dv. — viro with dat. under. — 8iaiTa>p.€vos p.eivei€, would continue to live. — 
 <riTia. Asyndeton, in explan. sent. H. 854 ; S. Gr. 582. crirla, itot&, 
 cogn. ace. H. 547, a; S. Gr. 393, a ; G. 159. — T||j.<j>Ce<rcu : perf. pass, of 
 dfjuj>ie'vvt>p.i. The pass, retains ace. of thing. H. 553, a ; S. Gr. 398, a ; 
 G. 164. Aug. before prep. H. 314 ; S. Gr. 202, c ; G. 105, N. 3. — ov 
 p.6vov .... dXXd, non solum .... sed. — ayJ-Tuv. Not without a tu- 
 nic, but without the outer (4it6v8uttjs) tunic, called the tunic par excellence. 
 He wore the x tT ' vir€v8vr»is and over it the IjxdTiov, mantle. — SiaTeXets : 
 without wv. 
 
 3. xpr\[i.CLTa 76. yi, as usual, giving emphasis to the word which it 
 follows. — k£ktt][X€vovs : perf. as pres., persons who (have acquired) possess. 
 
 — eXevGepKJTepov .... -f]8iov. Advs. limiting £fjv. H. 228 ; S. Gr. 132, 
 b ; G. 75. — wsfrep ko.1 .... ovtco k<h. kou often stands in both clauses 
 of a comparison. In Eng. we render it with the latter only. — tox>$ |aci0t]- 
 rds |xip.TjTas. Obj. and pred. ace. The latter distinguished by the ab- 
 sence of the art. H. 556, a ; S. Gr. 400 ; G. 166, N. 2.— 8ia0^cr€is. No- 
 tice the fut. in the cond., more vivid than the subjunct. — etvcu : subj. 
 om. Why ? 
 
 4. elirc .... tyr\. So often. Cf. Lat. respondit, inquit. — ire'ireicr- 
 pxu. Perf. denoting the completeness of the action. / am thoroughly per- 
 suaded. — dv : connect with IXeo-Bat : you would choose to die rather than, 
 etc. — eTrio-Ks^^eQa- : subjunct. as imperat. — ti . . . . roiip-oii fiiov. H. 
 576, a ; S. Gr. 419, a; K. 273, R. 20. For tI cf. note I. 1. tovjxov, tot) 
 Ijxov, crasis. 
 
 5. IIoT€pov : in direct question not to be transl. Sc. xo-Xeirbv i\<rQr\- 
 o-at tovto tov 4{xov piov, or simply tovto Io-tl : Is it this, that, etc. — tols 
 |xev . . . . 4>ol 8^. One would expect the first clause, if introduced at all, 
 to be subordinate ; while it is necessary for those rec. pay, etc. ; but it is 
 made co-ord. for the sake of contrast with the second. See note I. 4, 17. 
 
 — 4<j> w dv . . . . Xajj,|3dv., (3 dv . . . . PovX«p.ai. Hypoth. rel. sents. 
 H. 757 ; S. Gr. 523 ; G. 231. A const, very frequent in the Memorabilia. 
 
 — ip Distinguish from the art. tj and rel. pron. fj. — ws . . • . Io-Giovtos 
 e>ov. For force of ws cf. note I. 1, 4. e>ov : longer form of pron. em- 
 ployed on ace. of contrast. H. 232 ; S. Gr. 133, c; G. 144, 1. On the 
 ground that I eat less healthful (food) than you. — Trape'xovTa. Same const. 
 as tryieivd : or (that which) famishes. — x a ^■ € ' ;7 ^ T£ P a • Sc. ° VTa > as i 11 the 
 fol. clause, tj8iw .... 6vra. Ace. abs. H. 793 ; S. Gr. 544, a ; G. 278, 
 N. iropio-ao-0ai depends on x a ^ €ir " T€ P a : or because my articles of diet are 
 more difficult to procure than yours on ace. of their being both more, etc. — ovtcl 
 has for subj. the om. anteced. of d. We may imitate the Greek in render- 
 ing : or because what you provide is sweeter to you than what I (provide is) to 
 me , — •fjSio-Ta, with a relish. — 6<§>ov, sauce. H. 575 ; S. Gr. 418 ; G. 172. 
 
 — p/f| TrapoVTOS .... itotov, drink (which is) not at hand, i. e. hard to be 
 procured. 
 
MEMORABILIA I. 127 
 
 6. Td . . . . l|xa.Tia : placed first for emphasis. We may imitate the 
 order by rend, as ace. of specif. : as to clothes indeed, you know that those who 
 change them, etc. yi. H. 850, a ; S. Gr. 580, a. p.ir)v, further. — ottcos. 
 Final. — kcoXvcovtcu iropevso-Scu, be hindered from going, walking. H. 764, b ; 
 S. Gr. 527, b ; G. 260, 1. — ^8tj o-Bv ttot€, before this then have you ever. 
 fjcrQov: aur0dvo|Acu. — r\ .... fy either .... or. — jj.aX.Xcv tov, more than 
 any {other person, who wears them). Gen. after comp. H. 585 ; S. Gr. 
 425 ; G. 175. tov and fol. tu> differ how fr. corresponding forms of the 
 art.? H. 105, b ; S. Gr. 65, b ; G. 27, 2. — 8id . . . . irdSas, on ace. of 
 suffering pain in my feet. H. 549, a; S. Gr. 394; G. 160, 1. 
 
 7. tpvcrei, cra>p.aTi. Cf. note I. 4, 14. — p.eX€TT|cravT€s : obj. to o-w|xa 
 understood. Means. H. 789 ; S. Gr. 540, b ; G. 277, 2. — twv lo-xvpoTd- 
 Ttov. Cf. tov, § 6. — &|AeX.7j<ruvTa)v, neglecting (it). — KpeiTTovs : nom. pi. 
 — dv : a &v. H. 68, R. 6 ; S. Gr. 39, b ; G. 11, 2. — avra : i. e. those 
 things which they practise. — Tip c-oSuaTi : rend, with Kaprepetv ; p-sXeTiUvTa 
 with 'Efxe : that I, who am always training myself to endure with my body the 
 things which happen (to it), more easily bear all things than you, etc. — crov : 
 emphat., therefore retaining its accent. — pvr|. Why not ov. H. 839 ; S. 
 Gr. 571 ; G. 283, 4. An implied condition : if you do not practise. 
 
 8. tov .... SovXevav. Inf. with art. as sifbst. : in gen. depending 
 on aiTiwTcpov : do you think anything else is more the cause of my not being a 
 slave to appetite, etc. ut| : H. 837 ; S. Gr. 571 ; G. 283, 3. — i) to ... . 
 '4\nv, than my having other things. — tovtcov : gen. with comp. — tjSiw : neut. 
 pi. H. 174 ; S. Gr. 100 ; G. 72, 2. Comparison ? H. 222 ; S. Gr. 129 ; 
 G. 72, 1. — 6Vra. Time. H. 788, a ; S. Gr. 539, a ; G. 277, 1. — irape- 
 XOVTa, by furnishing hopes. Connect with €v<f>pcuvei like ovtci. — y{ : cf. note 
 § 3. — ot [lev . . . . ot Se : cf. note ulv .... 8c, I. 4, 17. — pvr|8ev. H. 
 549 ; S. Gr. 394 ; G. 160. — eS irpaTTeiv : intrans. : are successful. — 4av- 
 tois : dat. of advant. H. 597 ; S. Gr. 433 ; G. 184, 3, N. 4. — cos eS irpdT- 
 tovt€s, on the ground that, or thinking that they are successful. A play upon 
 words. 
 
 9. !cu>tov: subj. of yiyvea-Qai :. that one's self is becoming better. — cptXovs 
 dp.eivovs KTatr9ai, acquiring better friends, i. e. friends who thereby are be- 
 coming better. Notice Socrates's two chief sources of satisfaction : that he 
 was becoming better himself, and making his friends better. — TaiiTa voul- 
 |cov : i. e. that I am becoming better and making my friends better. vojj.l£. 
 supp. part. H. 798 ; S. Gr. 546, b ; G, 279, 1. — edv 8e 8^ : of something 
 well known and certain. In Attic, €i and !dv are sometimes nearly equiva- 
 lent to €tt€i8tj, since. — o-x.oXt| : sc. dv €«] : would there be more leisure to care 
 for, etc. — to irapov : cf. tov irapdvTOS iroToi), § 5. — €KiroXiopKr i 8«L'q, be 
 taken, overcome by siege. For this meaning of the word cf. Thuc. I. 131. — 
 €vp€iv depends on xaXeircaTaTtov, as evTvyxdveiv upon pao-TOis. 
 
 10. olo|xe'vtp. With &ni<a the supp. part, may be either in the nom. 
 or dat. as here. For dat. see H. 603 ; S. Gr. 438, b; G. 186. — Tpvcfujv, 
 iroX-uTeXeiav : pred. norms, therefore without the art. H. -535, a ; S. Gr. 
 381, a. — |j.tjS£v6s. H. 575 ; S. Gr. 418 ; G. 172, 1, — Seeo-Oat : with to 
 
128 NOTES. 
 
 as subst., subj. of etvai. Xen. frequently uses the uncontracted form of 
 this word. — o>s eXax>o"Ttov : sc. 8e'eo-9ai. — tov Qdov : gen. with adv. of 
 place. H. 589 ; S. Gr. 427, b ; G. 182, 2. 
 
 11. SwKpa-res. Declens.? H. 179, 198; S. Gr. 101, c; 108, a ; G. 
 52, 1ST. 1, 60, 1. — tol : intens., indeed, surely, for my part. — p.ev Succuov. 
 jxe'v before its word, contrary to the prin. that |iev and 8e comm. stand af- 
 ter the words contrasted. — ov8* ottcostioSv (lit. not even in any way wluit- 
 ever). — SoKeis. Pers. The impers. const, is more in accordance with the 
 Eng. idiom. It seems to me that you yourself also, etc. — avTos. H. 777 ; 
 S. Gr. 537. — ^ovv : cf. note § 2. — o-woucrias. H. 578, R. c ; S. Gr. 420. 
 dp-yvipiov irpaTTctrGai, to exact pay. What verbs take double obj.? H. 553 ; 
 S. Gr. 398 ; G. 164. — kcutoi, although. — <av : attracted to case of omit, 
 anteced. (to-utwv a). — KCKTTjcrai : perf. as pres. in the sense possess. — [itj 
 on : i. e. utj Xe'-ye on, (say) not that you would give. — rfjs d£las, its value. 
 
 12. AfjXov : k<rri om. as often. — Kal : connect with tt)v a-uvouo-lav, 
 which it contrasts with to ijidnov, etc. above. — wov : oiofjiai. el coov, dv 
 ^irpaTTOv. Force of this form of cond. proposition? H. 746; S. Gr. 514; 
 G. 222. — Tau-rqs. For const, see o-vvovo-las, § 11. — rr\s d£ias : gen. af- 
 ter comp. — eVi TrXeove£ia, for (your own) advantage. — o-o<Jjbs 8e ovk dv : sc. 
 €'i't|s. — p^Sevos "ye a|ia,' worth nothing at all. A keen criticism, but met by 
 Soc . with a reply as keen. 
 
 13. Trap' T|p.iv kt€. Render as if, Trap 1 tjjxiv vopi£sTai 6p.oiws p.ev Ka- 
 Xov, 6[iouos Se alcr)(pbv etvai ttjv wpav Kal ttjv o-ocj>lav SianGeo-Oai, among 
 us it is considered equally honorable and equally base to set out for sale, etc. 
 There is a way of disposing of beauty honorably and a way of disposing of 
 it dishonorably, and the same is true of wisdom. — dp-yvpiov, /or money. 
 H. 578, a; S. Gr. 421; G. 178. — 6'vra : supp. part. H. 799; S. Gr. 
 546, c ; G. 280. — cairnS. A reflex, pron. may be used with the mid. voice 
 for the sake of clearness or emphasis. — ttjv o-o<piav : emphat. posit. Or- 
 dinary posit, after tovs. — tovs .... ircoXovvTas .... diroKaXoSo-iv, 
 those .... selling .... they stigmatize as sophists, as prostitutors (of wis- 
 dom), uisirep iropvovs : lit. just as (they stigmatize sellers of beauty) prosti- 
 tutes. — tvfyv*. H. 178 ; S. Gr. 101, b ; G. 52, N. 2. In pred. with ovra, 
 agreeing with '6v : of good natural ability, like the French d'un bon naturel. 
 But whoever makes a friend (of a person) whom he knows to be of good not. abil. 
 by teaching (him) whatever good, etc. e^r] : here to have mentally, to know. 
 With -rroiTiTai, subjunc. in hypoth. rel. sent, we should expect dv, but see 
 H. 759 ; S. Gr. 523, f ; G. 239, K". 
 
 14. 'E-vw 8' o£v Kal aiiros, and I accordingly myself. Kal, also, con- 
 trasts avros with dXXos ns, and may be rendered by transl. Kal avTos after 
 oiiTw. — IVtto) and fol. datt. H. 611, a ; S. Gr. 445 ; G. 188, 1. — Kal en 
 p.dXXov, even still more. — aXXois o"uvlo"rr!p.i, / recommend (them) to others. — 
 Trap' cov . . . . dpei-TJv, from whom I think they may receive some benefit in 
 respect to virtue. a><j>eXrjcrea-8ai : see L. & Sc. sub voce, B. — TrdXai : adv. 
 as attrib. of old. — KaTe'Xnrov. Aor. as perf. H. 706 ; S. Gr. 481. — dve- 
 XIttwv, lit. unrolling, spoken of the scrolls of papyrus. — dv . . . 6po>|xev, 
 
MEMORABILIA II. 129 
 
 !k\€yo>. Force? H. 747 ; S. Gr. 515; G. 225. —lav .... <J>Ou>i 71- 
 ■yvwp.€0a, if we become (lit. friends) dearer or more attached to each other. If 
 we, already friends, become, by these common studies, endeared to each 
 other. St. <]>iXoi, Ernesti, following one manuscript, writes ox{>e'Xi|xoi, which 
 simplifies and removes all difficulty from the passage ; but I have followed 
 Kiihner's explanation, which has the weight of authority. — jiaKcLpios. 
 Happy, indeed, the man who is the centre of the group in the pleasant pic- 
 ture given in the last sentence; tovs Orjcravpovs .... dveXiTTtov ktI. — 
 fryeiv ■* connected by Kai to etvca : both to be happy himself and to lead, etc. 
 
 15. irws. Cf. this usage with Titri. 1.1,1. — Tj-yetTai, irpdrTet, ktora- 
 tch. Tense of orat. recta. H. 735 ; S. Gr. 503, a ; G. 242, 1. Our Eng. 
 sequence of tenses requires the past after the past cpojxevov, asked how he 
 thought he was making others skilled in state affairs, statesmen. — 8e, while. — 
 ov irpdrTet, was taking no part in. — €iirep cTrio-To/rat, if indeed he understood 
 [them at all). Added in scorn by Antiphon. — IIoTgpcos 8e. 8e has refer- 
 ence to an om. clause : you allege that I do not take part in state affairs, 
 but in which of the two ways could I more effectually take part in the government. 
 — tov .... etvai : H. 781 ; S. Gr. 533; G. 264: that as many as possible 
 be competent. A sound principle. 
 
 BOOK II. — Chapter I. 
 
 Socrates shows Aristippus, founder of the Cyrenaic school of philosophers, 
 who thought pleasure the greatest good and pain the greatest evil, that 
 temperance is an essential qualification for a statesman ; the difficulties 
 which arise from making ease and pleasure the chief objects of pursuit 
 (§ 1-19) ; that there is no excellence without labor (§ 20) ; in illustration 
 of which he relates the fable, the Choice of Hercules (§ 21-34). 
 
 20. "Eti, moreover, alluding to the preceding argument. — paSiovp-yttti, 
 indolence, habits of indolence. PI. of abstract noun denoting repetition. H. 
 518, c ; S. Gr. 369, b. — Ik tov Trapaxp^JAO. rfiov <xi, pleasures (lit. from the 
 instant) enjoyed at the moment of desire, i. e. without labor : explained by 
 the fol. antithetic expression, at 8l& KapTepfas €mp.eX6iai, the cares [borne) 
 with patient endurance. — d^idXcyov : properly added, for it cannot be said 
 that at €K tov irapaxpfjp.a f|8ovat convey no knowledge to the mind. For 
 who can deny that from listening to music, contemplating pictures, and 
 other pleasures of that kind some knowledge may be gained. Kuh. — 2p"y«v. 
 H. 574, c ; S. Gr. 417, e ; G. 171, 1. — 'HtrioSos : in his'EpYa Kal'Hpi- 
 pai, 287, ff. — «al IXaSdv, even in abundance — &ttiv. When so accented ? 
 H. 406, R. b ; S. Gr. 277, c ; G. 28, N. 1 (3).— eXeo-Oai, to obtain.— vatei: 
 
 SC TJ KaKOTT|S. — t'KTJTai '. SC. OlflCS. — pTjlSlt] : SC. TJ Cip€TTj. — xa^ en "'l ir€ P 
 
 4ov<ra, although very difficult (at first). — 'Euixapp.os. A comic poet, native 
 of Cos, but flourished at the court of Syracuse about 500 b. c. — twv irdvwv: 
 gen. price. H. 578 ; S. Gr. 421 ; G. 178. — p-weo : (xwo|xai : Att. p.dop.ai. 
 
 21. Kal . . . 8e, and ... . also, as often. H. 856, b ; S. Gr. 583, 
 c. UpoSiKos . a sophist of Ceos, one of the C} r clades, a contemporary of 
 
130 NOTES. 
 
 Soc. Sturz and others consider <ro<j>6s in this passage to "be the same as 
 <ro<JHO-Tirjs ; but there seems to be no good reason why it should not be ren- 
 dered in its ordinary sense, the wise. — t<3 o-vyypdppa.Ti, his written speech, 
 composition. — Sirep Srj, which very one, it is well known. H. 851. — kolI : 
 connect with irXtio-Tois. — eiriSciKvvTai, is accustomed to recite as a specimen 
 of his skill. The declamations of the sophists were called itri8ei|cis. Ger. 
 Prunkstiicke. — oVa : adv. ace. as far as. — "yap: epexegetic, hence om. 
 in rend, into Eng. — ck ttciiScov, from childhood. — iv tJ, (a period) at which. 
 
 — €tT€ .... eiT€, whether . ... or. — t^v .... 686v : adv. ace. : by 
 the way of (lit. through) virtue. — 4£eX66vTa ktI. Cf. Cic. Off. I. 32, 118. 
 Herculem exisse in solitudinem atque ibi sedentem diu secum multumque 
 dubitasse, etc. — TpdirTjTcu. What use of subjunc? H. 720, c ; S. Gr. 
 488, c ; G. 253. 
 
 22 <pavTjvai. Inf. as obj. of <j>no-£ above. H. 764, a ; S. Gr. 527, a; 
 G. 260, 2. — pe"ydXas, large (in stature). — ISeiv. Inf. depending on adj. 
 H. 767 ; S. Gr. 530 ; G. 261, 2. — to o-<3p.a : ace. of specif. — Io-Gtjti 8e 
 Xewfj : same const, as preced. datt. dependent on K€icoo-pT]pevT]v. — Tfjv 
 8' €T€pav : like rf\v pev irep. above, in part, appos. with -ywaiicas. — TeGpap- 
 p.e'vT]v : Tpe<p<0. — w<tt€ .... Soiceiv : purpose. H. 770 ; S. Gr. 531 ; G. 
 266, 2. 8oK€iv <patv€cr0ai : at first sight tautological ; but Sokciv (subjec- 
 tive), <paiv€o-0cu (objective), so as to seem apparently fairer and ruddier than 
 she really was. — 6p0OT6pav ttjs <j>vcr€<os, taller than her natural height. — to. 
 8£ oppara ^x €lv * Notice the change of const., and she kept her eyes wide 
 open. In contrast with to. op. alSoi above. — 4£ i|s ktI.: from xohich her 
 youthful beauty could best shine forth, wpa often, like proper nouns, with- 
 out the art. H. 530 ; S. Gr. 379. — ka.vvr\v. Reflex, pron. even with 
 mid. voice. — eirio-KOiretv 8e teat, and she was looking around also (to see) 
 if etc. 
 
 23. tov 'HpcucXcovs : gen. with adv. of place. H. 589 ; S. Gr. 427, 
 b ; G. 182, 2. — pt]0€io-av : 4pw. — Uvcu : inf. with subj. ace. in orat. obi. 
 depending on <f>rj<rt, § 21. — Tpoirov. H. 552 ; S. Gr. 397 ; G. 160, 2. — 
 cpOdccu PovXopevrjv, wishing to get before, anticipate (her). irposSpapeiv : 
 irposTpe'x©. — 'HpdKXeis. Declens.? H. 180; S. Gr. 101, c, d ; G. 52, 
 N. 3. — diropovvTa : supp. part. H. 799 ; S. Gr. 546, c ; G. 280 : that 
 you are at a loss. — iroiav 68ov. Cf. § 21. diropovvTa, oiroTe'pav twv 68a>v. 
 For direct interrog. irolav, see note I. 1, 1. — irouio-dpevos. Various read- 
 ings have been suggested. The const, is clear upon supplying tJjv lirl tov 
 (3iov 68bv Tpdirrj. 
 
 24. Trpa-ypdTcov. Cf. L. & Sc. sub voc. II. : public business. — <ppov- 
 Tiets : Att. fut. H. 376 ; S. Gr. 252, f ; G. 120, 3. — o-Koirovpevos Sieo-rj. 
 Prin. verb as adv. You shall continually consider. — rjo-Geins : sc. &v. — 
 dirovwTara, with the least labor. 
 
 25. o-7rdv€&>s d(j>' civ, i. e. o-irdv€«s tovtwv, d<f>' wv, of a lack of those 
 things from which these (pleasures) shall be (derived). — ov <$>6(3os : sc. 4o*tI. 
 
 — eirl to ... . iropL^€O"0ai. Inf. as subst. in ace. : to procuring these things. 
 
 — irovovvTa, TaXatirwpovvTa : manner or means : agreeing with subj. of 
 
MEMORABILIA II. 131 
 
 irop^eo-ecu. — ois. Attract, ace. to dat. H. 808, 2 ; S. Gr. 552 ; G. 153. 
 
 — w^eXeio-Gai depends on l£ov<riav, power to receive benefit from every 
 source. 
 
 26. ovojia 8e. 8e in replies often refers to a concessive member omitted. 
 This is very well, but, etc. It may be om. in transl. — x>7roKopi£d|A€voi : 
 see L. & S. sub voc. 3 : disparaging. 
 
 27. 4v tovto), in the mean time. — tjkoj : perf. in meaning. — <J>ti<riv, 
 nature, disposition. — ev, during. — KaTa|xa0oiio-a : kcito. intens. — d . . . . 
 Tpdiroio, av . . . . ycvccOai. Force ? Cond. assumed as possible. — ri\v 
 .... 68ov : adv. ace. (lit. if you should turn yourself by the way towards me). 
 — ep-ydTTjv : in pred. — iir d*ya0ois SiairpeTrtcrrepav, more illustrious on ac- 
 count of the good (I confer itpon you). The glory which you attain to through 
 my assistance will be reflected upon me. — §avr\va.\. : sc. &v fr. the fore- 
 going. — irpooifuots. Properly an overture in music by which one seeks to 
 interest and please the listener. With overtures, prefaces, promises of pleas- 
 ure, — alluding to the delusive promises just uttered by KaKia. ■ — flirep 
 ktI. : in the veil/ way in which the gods have disposed (them). — toi ovt<x (the 
 things which are), things as they really are. 
 
 28. o/yaGuiv Kal tcaXuv : in pred. More fully expressed, viz. : a -yap 
 €<ttiv d*ya0d Kal KaXd, tovtcov ovSev avev irdvov .... 0€ol 8i8dao-iv. — 
 EXews : ace. pi. H. 209, R. a ; S. Gr. 117 ; G. 64. — ©epawevTe'ov and fol. 
 verbals. Const. H. 804, b ; S. Gr. 549; G. 281, 2. — d-rrb po<rKr)\L*T<av. 
 diro denoting means. — re'xvas avrds t€. From the position of ri it is 
 evident the author had in mind to write rds iroXeuiKas Tc'xvas auras tc Kal 
 8irws avrats 8«t \pr\trQai |xa0T]T€ov (non solum ipsae artes, sed etiam earum 
 exercitatio perdiscenda est). But to the words i>ir«s .... xP'H <r 6 al > a 
 new predicate do-KTjTeov was appended. The words 6ir<as .... xpfjorG. 
 are equiv. to a subst. ttjv \pr\criv auT<3v. — el SI Kal : after several mem- 
 bers with €iVe, €it€, a concluding memb. is introduced by the more emphat. 
 el 8e Kai. 
 
 29. <os : as exclamation : how difficult and long a road. — cv^poo-vvas. 
 Force of the pi.? H. 518, c ; S. Gr. 369, b. — aiint] : distinguish fr. avrr\. 
 
 — evSaiuovlav. Notice that KaKia appropriates to herself a nobler word 
 for happiness than ei$po<rvvr\, which she assigns to her opponent. 
 
 30. tI Si : cf. note ovojia Se, § 26. — iJTis : not for l\ merely, but has 
 reference to the nature or quality of the person : you are of the sort, who. — 
 ut]xavw|X€VT|. We should expect the indie, (iTjxava, as in irapao-Kevd^rj 
 below ; but we have the part, instead by attraction to the preced. const. 
 ko-Qiovo-a, Trivova-a. — ol'vovs* Names of materials are properly used in the 
 sing, only, but here the pi. with reference to different kinds of wine. — tou 
 Ge'povs : gen. time. — \iova : for cooling the wine. \inv was a common 
 article of traffic at Athens as at Naples at the present day. See Becker's 
 Char., p. 337. — vird(3a0pa : comm. translated carpets under the couches, 
 but Schneid., Kuh., et al., with more reason, render rockers. — (L-qSev, 6 ti 
 iroiTJs, nothing to do. Subjunc. deliberat. — m 5£ . . . . dvavk-d£€is, you 
 force sensual inclinations before they demand gratification. For Seecrdat uncoil- 
 
132 NOTES. 
 
 tracted, see note I. 6, 10. — eavrfjs : st. a-avrr\s : see note I. 4, 9 ; also § 31 
 below. — KaTaKoip.i^€Lv : lit. to fall asleep, here to sleep through, sleep out. 
 
 31. oficra : concess. : although . . . . — tov irdvTwv tjSicttov aKovo-jxa- 
 tos. Cic. pro Arch, poet, 9, 32. Themistoclem dixisse aiunt, quum ex 
 eo quaereretur, quod acroama ant cujus vocem libentissime andiret : Ejus, 
 a quo sua virtus optime praedicaretur. — dvrjKoos & (lit. you are not hear- 
 ing) you never hear. — ti : connect with irio-Tevo-eie, as tivos with i7rapK€<rei.€V. 
 Kiih. Cogn. ace. H. 547, c; S. Gr. 393, c; G. 159, N. 2. — cfi <j>pov<3v, 
 well minded, in his senses. — 0td<rov : in pred. with etveu. H. 572, a ; S. Gr. 
 415, a; G. 169, 1 : to be one of your band of revellers. — oX, i. e. 0iao-wTcu, 
 implied in 0id<rov. Constructio ad sensum. — veoi #vtcs, while they are 
 young. — Xiirapoi, in fatness, ease, opulence. — tois p.ev Treirpa'yp.evois .... 
 TrpaTTOjxe'vois, the things they have done .... are doing. 
 
 32. -Trapd dvBpe&TTois, ols : i. e. irap' ols. Kiih. Is it not simpler and 
 more natural to regard ols as depending directly on irposrJKei ? among men 
 whom it behooves (to honor me). 
 
 33. tois |xev 4|i.cis 4>&-(HS' p,€v solitarium. A contrast bet. tois ep-ois 
 <|h\ois and tois o-ois <j>iX.ois is implied. — f|8eta p.€v. piv contrasts T|8€ia 
 .... <riroiv .... dird\avo-is with v-irvos 8e. — ouVe diro\€iTrovT€S avTbv 
 &\Qovrai, neither are they depressed ichen deprived of it (vttvos). — tovtov, 
 i. e. iiirvos. This passage, Sid .... irpdrmv, is in strong contrast with 
 the habits of Kaxia and her followers, § 30 ; ttjs 8' Tjjxepas .... kclto,- 
 KOifu£ot>cra. — twv -rraXaicov irpd^cwv, their former deeds. — €$. Emphat. 
 posit, like TjSe ws above : and take delight in performing their present (occupa- 
 tions) with success. irpaTTOVTes : supp. part. H. 800 ; S. Gr. 546, d ; G. 
 279, 1. — to ire'irpwp.evov ts'Xos, the fated end, i. e. death. — &Tip.oi: render 
 by the primary meaning, unhonored. — p.6Ta p.v^jp.T|s ktI. : celebrated in song 
 they flourish forever in memory. 0dXXovo-i like Lat. vigeo. Cic. Tusc. Disp. 
 I. 49. Harmodius in ore et Aristogito, Lacedaemonius Leonidas, Thebanus 
 Epaminondas vigent. — Toiatrra .... 8iaTrovt]crap.e'vw, having accomplished 
 such labors. For the asyndeton, see note tovs t& toicujto,, I. 1, 9. 
 
 3<4. vtt 'ApeTTjs : a passive const, on ace. of the verbal noun iraCSsvcriv. 
 — Sol .... 6U-iov, it is meet for you, worth while for you. oSv, confirma- 
 tive, surely. — <J>povTi£eiv depends on ireipdo-Ocu. ti : adv. ace. Accord, 
 to Kiih. = aliquo modo. — Kal twv els ktc. : the things also which pertain 
 to, etc. 
 
 BOOK IV. - Chapter II. 
 
 The insufficiency of natural abilities without education. 
 
 Socrates shows a self-conceited young man that in every art it is proper 
 to have recourse to instructors (§1, 2). 
 
 The folly of a man who claims to have learned nothing from instructors 
 (§3-5). 
 
 The necessity of instruction in the art of government (§ 6, 7). 
 
 Socrates, by a series of questions, leads Euthydemus to acknowledge his 
 ignorance (§ 8-23). 
 
MEMORABILIA IV. 133 
 
 The value of self-knowledge (§ 24-30). 
 
 Euthydemus is more deeply convinced of his ignorance and incompetence 
 (§31-39). 
 
 Conclusion (§ 40). 
 
 1. This chapter is a good example of the manner in which Soc. was ac- 
 customed to combat the ignorance and self-conceit of his day. Tois vopi£. 
 kciI <j>povovo%v depend on irpose^'p' V-tyo- 4>povovo-iv eirl, priding them- 
 selves on the ground of. a>s Trpose^e'p., hoiv he was accustomed to conduct him- 
 self. — tov KaXdv. A form of Attic courtesy, quite often appended to the 
 names of the learned. — ^pap-jxara, books, treatises. — o-o4>t<rTwv : in its 
 orig. signif. wise men, philosophers : the early prose writers of Greece. — 8ia- 
 <j>e'p€iv twv tjXik. eirt. Usually 8LcuJ>€peiv tivos tivi without 4m. — -rrpwrov 
 p.e'v : correl. with 'E-rrd 8e', § 6. — 8id veoTnra. He was not yet twenty 
 years of age. See Diet. Anticp Ephebus. — Ka0i£ovTa el's. H. 618 and a ; 
 S. Gr. 448, b ; G. 191, N. 6. — w: subst. (rjvioiroieLwv) omit. H. 509, 
 a ; S. Gr. 359, a. — tcov p.€0' kavrov, of his followers. 
 
 2. Kcu irpwTov p-e'v : correl. with JJtdXiv 8e, § 3. — trvvovo-iav tivos, 
 intercourse with some one. — diropXeVeiv, to look to some one in expectation 
 of assistance : as in § 30 below, -rrpos o~6 diropXeVw. — ■ crirovhaiov dvSpds, a 
 man of ability. — Kiveiv, to set a going, stir up, bring into conversation. - — Tas 
 Tt'xvas : ace. specif, depending on o-irov8aious, which is in pred. with 
 •yi-yveo-Gat. — yiyv. subj. om., because an indef. word, persons. — to 8£ 
 irpoeo-Tavcu irdXecos : in contrast with dXi-you d£ias Te'xvas : the sense of 
 cnrovSaiovs seems to be implied : but ability to govern a state. — d-rro tcuito- 
 Y-6jtov : nearly equiv. in sense to the foregoing cpvtrei : naturally, by the un- 
 assisted efforts of nature. 
 
 3. tt]s o-vve8pias, the council (at the saddler's shop). — p.-f| 8o|tj. H. 
 743 ; S. Gr. 510 ; G. 218. — oiroa-C. H. 242 ; S. Gr. 139, c ; G. 83^, K 2. 
 — 4v TjXiKla "yevdpevos, when he becomes of age. — tt]s irdX .... irpoTi- 
 0€lo-t]s, the state giving opportunity to speak concerning any matter. This was 
 the business of the irpdeSpoi, who, when the assembly had convened, pro- 
 claimed by a herald, tis d-yopeveiv povXeTou ; cf. Demosth. de Cor. 53. — 
 irapao-K£vd(rao-0CH. Two uses of aor. infin. ? 1. Indef. action without re- 
 gard to time. 2. Indef. act. prior to the time of the prin. verb. 
 
 4. fyaGov and fol. aorists, for perf. H. 706 ; S. Gr. 481. — etvai. 
 Other constructions after dicovw are, supp. part, when the certainty is to be 
 strongly marked; 6ti or «s with finite mode: cf. § 33 below. — tov .... 
 *y€veo-0cu. H. 781 ; S. Gr. 533 ; G. 262, 2. — Tivd, twv cttictt., any of the 
 learned. emo-Tap. intrans. — Tdvavrla : sc. 4-iroin.a-a, to be understood fr. 
 the foregoing. — SuaTCTeXeKa .... favywv, I have constantly avoided. H. 
 798 ; S. Gr. 546, b ; G. 279, N". — to Sd|ou : sc. p.€pa0T]K€vai ti irapd tivos. 
 Cf. a similar expression in the fol. sect. 
 
 5. 'App.do-eie = upeiroi. — larpiKov ^pyov, the office of physician. Some 
 of the physicians were appointed by the government, and received a salary 
 from the state, like the surgeons in our army and navy. — ov84va : subj. 
 
134 NOTES. 
 
 of 7€VeV8. — pa0etv, pepaOrj Kt'vau The aor. denotes the simple faet of 
 learning, the perf. the additional idea of retaining in mind to the pres. 
 time. — €V vpiv d-jroKivSweiW, by trying experiments, running risks upon you. 
 Pliny, H. N. 29, 1. (Medici) discunt periculis nostris et experimenta per 
 mortes agunt. 
 
 6. 'Eirel 8c introduces a conversation at a subsequent time. Euth. is 
 now attentive to what Soc. says. — ots. Attract. H. 810; S. Gr. 554; 
 G. 153, N. 1. — irposc'xwv, (pvXaTrdpevos, vopt£ouv : supp. part. H. 797; 
 S. Gr. 546, a ; G. 280. — avrds : connect with <J>0eyy€o-0ai, saying anything 
 himself. H. 775; S. Gr. 536, b. — ©avpacrrbv "yap. -yap denotes coniii- 
 mation or assurance, indeed, certainly. It is certainly wonderful. — ri ttotc : 
 cf. 1. 1, 1. — dXXoTt : depend, on iKavot : to become expert in any other such 
 thing. — a>s vvvsx.io-Ta.Ta, as constantly as possible. — Ka0 s kavrovs, by them- 
 selves, alone, in contrast with irapd tois dplo-Tois. dpio-T. in pred. with elvat : 
 attract, to case of tois preceding. — ckcivwv "yvu>pT]s, their sanction, approval. 
 — a»s . . . . 'ycvdfj.evoi. a>s with part. H. 795, e ; S. Gr. 540, c ; G. 277, 
 N. 2. — twv 8e PovX .... rives in contrast with ot povX. Ki0api£€iv kt4. 
 Usually in such a case pev occurs with the hist clause : ot pev PovXdp. — 
 av£v Trapao-Kevfjs Kal empeXelas avrdparoi. eijalipVTjs. Not widely different 
 from the habits of aspirants for political office in our day. 
 
 T. Katroi ye, although indeed. — too-ovtw .... oca). H. 610 ; S. Gr. 
 444 ; G. 188, 2. — Tavra (i. e. to, ttoXitiko.), eKeivotv (i. e. Ki8apl£ei.v, avkelv, 
 kt4.). H. 678 ; S. Gr. 461 ; G. 148. — irXeidvuv .... "yl"yvovTai, those 
 really accomplishing something in them are fewer than the many busying them- 
 selves, etc. 
 
 8. pdvos : in distinction fr. tcov ps0' Icurroi) Tivas tyj&v, as heretofore. 
 — tw ovTt : dat. of manner (lit. according to that which is), in reality. — ypa\i.- 
 paTa : cf. § 1. — twv .... "ye-yove'vat, the men said to have become wise. — 
 awayoi. Pres. for fut. H. 699, a ; S. Gr. 477. 
 
 9. Nf| ri\v "Hpav. A comm. form of asseveration among Athenian 
 matrons; not used by men, with the exception of Soc, who often employed 
 it, sometimes with humorous effect. — o-ov : gen. of pers. depend, on a-ya- 
 pai, verb of ment. act. Instead of ace. of thing, we have the clause, Siotl 
 .... o-ocpias. — K€KT"po-0ai : perf. as pres. (to have acquired), to possess. — 
 pme'vai .... o-ocjnav [to go for) to seek wisdom. 
 
 10. Ti 8 € '. Cf. II. 1, 26. ti : ace. specif, depend, on avoids. — *Apa 
 p^ : implying neg. ans. H. 829; S. Gr. 566; G. 282, 2. — 'AXXd ptj, 
 Well .... not. — Kal tovto, in this respect also, in this (art) also. OeoSco- 
 pos : of Cyrene : a teacher of Soc. — do-TpoXd"yos = do-Tpovdpos, an astrono- 
 mer. Both words had this signif. until after the time of Soc. — pa\|/cpSovs 
 .... f|Xi0tovs. This judgment of the rhapsodists has reference to the 
 period of Soc., and not to preceding times, in which they were held in 
 great honor. See Grote II., Part I., c. 21. Wolf, Prolegom. in Horn. 
 
 11. Stjttov. H. 852 ; S. Gr. 580. — avTT] : emphat. posit., for this is 
 (the art) of kings, — Pao-iXiK^, the kingly art. — el, whether. — (av0panrov) 
 p/f) ovra SiKaiov : subj. of "yevec-0. — Kal pdXa .... Kal otfv. Certainly 
 (I have) .... and it is not. 
 
MEMORABILIA IV. 135 
 
 12. touto : i. e. Sikcuov ■yfyvecrGai. — ovSsvbs .... tjttov . . . . 81- 
 Kaios (lit. less just than no one), i. e. as just as any other. &v <j>avfjvcu. H. 
 722, b ; S. Gr. 491, b ; G. 211. — *Ap' ovv. An affirmative ans. is, in tlvis 
 instance, expected. H. 829 ; S. Gr. 566 ; G. 282. — |xe'vTot expresses con- 
 firmation: certainly. — Zyovo-i .... 'i\oiev (xv, are able .... would be able. 
 — ov Svvajicu, unable, ov belongs to Svvafiai alone. / am not then unable, 
 ami. — g-yorye : sc. 8vvap.cu e^Tj-yT|(racr0ai. — bpdv, dtcovav. Act., where 
 in Eng. we usually employ the pass., to be seen and heard. 
 
 13. BovXei .... -ypdij/wfjiev. The subjunctive is used without a conj. 
 after povXei in interrogations. Matthiae 516, 3. — IvTavGot = IvraiiGa, 
 here. Earely used in Attic. — ScXto. .... aXcj>a. A stands for Sikcuo- 
 o-vvtj and A for dSiKia. — irpbs to ScXto, Ti0wp.ev, wc add to A, i. e. place 
 under A. — ti, in any respect. — irpbs Seiv tovtwv, to be need of these (letters) 
 in addition : i. e. any need in addition to the other means you possess for 
 investigating the subject before us. 
 
 14. &rTiv .... \|/€v0eo-0ai, does falsehood exist. &ttiv. Why so ac- 
 cented ? H. 406, R. b; S. Gr. 277, c; G. 28, N. 1, (3). — pivToi : con- 
 firmative: cf. § 12. — ILmpaxre .... Gotpev, on which side .... shall we 
 place. Subjunc. deliberat. — t\\uv, in our judgment. H. 601, 5 (end of 
 paragraph) ; S. Gr. 437 ; G. 184, 5. — - Aeivbv -yap &v €&> (No), for that 
 would be terrible : -yap, as often in replies, referring to a thought omitted. 
 
 15. o-Tpar^-yds : in pred., having been chosen general. — e£av8pairoSio-r|- 
 tcw, shall have reduced to slavery. Aor. subj. in a cond. denoting probabil- 
 ity, nearly equiv. to Lat. i'ut. perf. — iroX€p.wv civtois, while making war 
 upon than, civtois, const, kchto. o~uv€o-iv, with ref. to tt6A.iv above. — irpbs 
 tovs 4>tA.., with reference to, etc. — irpbs tt} dStKiq. €0TjKap.€v. Pregnant 
 const.: verb of motion with prep, and case denoting rest: equiv. to irpbs 
 t?|V dSiKiav €0TJKap.ev wcrre kcio-Qcu irpbs avrrj. H. 618, a ; S. Gr. 448, b ; 
 compare G. 191, N. 6. c0T)Ka|xev : comm. £0€p.€v. H. 402; S. Gr. 271; 
 G. 121, K 2. 
 
 1©. 8iopi<rwp.€0a .... etvai, we again make a distinction, that it is right, 
 etc. — a>s dirXouo-Ta-rov, as guileless as possible. Subject of etvai? o-TpaTTj- 
 70V. Ktih. Tivd. Breit. I concur with the latter. 
 
 17. d0t!jxft)s <c\ov, dispirited (lit. having itself without spirit). '4\<a with 
 an adv. of manner is often equiv. in signif. to ci.p.1. — \|/€vo-dp.€vos .... 
 irposie'vai, having invented a falsehood say that allies are approaching. — cos 
 <riTiov .... 8u>, give (him) the drug as food. — iryia : tryiTjs. — «ls to avTO, 
 under the same (head). — 8iaxpT|0"^Tat Icivtcv. \qj\<t§o.\. re S' takes the dat., 
 but SiaxpTjo-Oat and KaTcxp^o-Gai in the sense, to kill, take the ace. — 
 kXcxJ/tj ^ dpirdo-T], take away secretly or forcibly. 
 
 18. airavTct, in all respects. — Md At' ov 8fjTa, certainly, by Zeus (we 
 must) not (be guileless even in regard to friends). — p.eTa.Tl0e|xcu to, €ipT]p.€va 
 (I change for myself the things spoken) I retract what I have said. — -y* TOt : 
 employed to denote strong emphasis. 
 
 19. In this section and the fol. (if reported correctly by Xen.) Socrates, 
 in his eagerness to convince Euth. of folly, does not adhere to his principles, 
 
136 NOTES. 
 
 but conducts the argument like a sophist. Soc. believed that virtue con- 
 sists in knowledge ; that he who knows what is right always does right. 
 But in this passage he speaks of one who knows what is right doing wrong, 
 which is contrary to his real opinion. The student will observe the soph- 
 istry of the passage, and also the falsity of the view of Soc., that he who 
 knows the right always does it. — tirl pXdp-r). iiri denoting the aim of an 
 action, for, in order to. — ots : for & : attracted to case of om. anteced. — 
 clpyjtrQw p.ci, let it be said by me. With what parts of the verb can the dat. 
 of agent be used ? H. 600 ; S. Gr. 435 ; G. 188, 3. 
 
 2©. rov Sucalo-u, of xvliat is just. — XIoTcpov: interrog. adj. fr. irorepos, 
 and ivhich of the two. — oirorg PovXoito : opt. in rel. sent, denoting indef. 
 freq. of past action. H. 729, b; S. Gr. 498; G. 232, 4.— cumx, i. e. -ypd- 
 <j>€iv K<xl avayiyv<iia-KG.iv . — Htos yap oii ; (he would), for how (could it be) 
 otherwise. — Td 8iKaia 8e Trdrepov. Notice the position. The interrog. 
 particle oroTepov usually stands first ; but here t& 81k. is placed first for 
 emphasis. — «l?cuvojxai : sc. tovto Xe-ycov. I appear to say so: in contrast 
 with fol. Sokw p.oi, but I think I say, etc. 
 
 21. Tt 8e Stj, but what then, but what, I pray. — TaXi^Gi] : tol dX^Gt]. — 
 p/r]S6TfOT€ t& tajT& .... \4yr\. This is what Euth. has done in the fore- 
 going discussion. — <}>pd£coy .... <^pd£Tj. v Observe that by a peculiar 
 idiom there is joined to the verb of the sent, a part. fr. the same verb. 
 When describing the same road, says at one time (tots (Jtev) that it leads 
 towards the east, and at another time (tots 8e). irpds with ace. introdu- 
 cing the idea of motion, leading. — Xo-ys.0-p.6v .... airov, stating the result 
 of the same calculation. — AfjXos .... dvai: sc. Soksl (he seems to be evident, 
 that). Pers. const, where the Eng. idiom prefers the impers., it seems to be 
 evident, that. 
 
 22. dv8pa7ro8c68ei.s, servile. — ko,Xotj(1€vovs : supp. part, with verb of 
 knowledge. Do you know that some persons are called. — tov \aXKeveiv : as 
 subst. of brass-working. — ' AXX' apa. But then, but perhaps. — OiBl Si eV 
 rovroiv. Euth., somewhat irritated at Soc.'s captious questions, cuts them 
 off by a rather crusty reply. — to 6'vop.a tout' £<ttiv. Is this the name ? 
 Pred. noun with the art. H. 535, end of paragraph ; S. Gr. 381, a, end. 
 
 23. 8irws .... (Sp.ev. Mixed purpose : a sent, denoting purpose and 
 at the same time partaking of the character of a direct object of ^ivynv : 
 to avoid being slaves. — «j> l ^- 0€ro< f >e '' v 4 5l ^ 00 " 0< ! > ^ av • ^ J - & Sc. 4 >l ^ otro< l ) ^ w » H* 
 
 — av : connect with iraiSevG^vai. When does the inf. take av ? — irai- 
 Seu@. Ta irposTjKoyTcu The ace. of the thing retained with the passive 
 voice. H. 553, a ; S. Gr. 398, a ; G. 164. I should be taught the things be- 
 fitting. — TrcSs .... ^X €tv ? h° w dispirited do you think I am? Cf. note, § 17. 
 
 — *irpoTreirovTjp.€va. His previous efforts have been in the wrong direction. 
 ovSl .... elSevsu, unable to answer even that ivhich is asked concerning (those 
 things) which I ought most of all to know, vrtep st. more comm. irepi. — ■fjv : 
 cogn. ace, by pursuing which, I can. 
 
 24. ds AeX<j>oi)s 8e : in reply to aXXrjv 68bv ov8ep.iav ^x 0VTC1, ~~ ^pos 
 , . . . irovj somewhere on the front of. — to TvwOi a-avrov. The art. pointing 
 
MEMORABILIA IV. 137 
 
 out its subj. as well known. — IIoTepov. When untranslated ? — IpeXTjcrev : 
 takes dat. of pers. and gen. of thing (gen. on ace. of idea of ment. action). 
 Did you give no heed to the inscription'? — irposeVxcs (sc. voxiv), give attention to. 
 — 8stis : not who, but what sort of a person. The rel. here denotes indefi- 
 niteness in regard to the character of the obj. H. 683 ; S. Gr. 463. — k<xI 
 •yap 8rj, and (1 did not), for indeed, totjto -ye, this at least, i. e. my own 
 character. — &v fi'Seiv, el ... . iyiyv<aa-Kov. When the imp. aor. and plup. 
 in this form of condit. proposition ? H. 746 ; S. Gr. 514; G. 222. —€176 
 p^S', if indeed not even. p-rjSe is often to be separated in transl., did not 
 know even myself. 
 
 25. irpoTepov .... irptv, before, ov dv has for anteced. the obj. of 
 ■yi-yvwo-Keiv ; tov IVttov understood. — T&XXa .... tfircos ^X €l > an( ^ h° w ^ e 
 is in respect to other points, those serviceable and, etc. irpos, in regard to. — 
 6 . . . . €iucrK€\{/dp.€vos. Repetition of the subj. (tfsns) on acct. of the 
 long parenthetical sent. (wsTT€p .... oirws %X&). 
 
 26. 4<|)€{i<r0ai lau-rwv, = p-?| elSevai ea-u-rovs. eav-rwv, gen. depending 
 on the idea of separation in the verb. Being cheated of Render, being de- 
 ceived in. — d u^. Why prj ? H. 761 ; S. Gr. 523, a ; G. 231. — eS irpdr- 
 tovo-iv, KaKtSs irpd-rreiv. Cf. note, I. 6, 8. — Kal tovs aXXovs .... Kal 
 8td. The repetition of kcu, ace. to Kiih., denotes a sort of comparison, and 
 is similar to its use in comparative sentences ; wsirep Kal .... ovtws Kai. 
 Cf. I. 6, 3. The idea is, being able both to form a proper estimate of other 
 men, and also to use them. 
 
 2 V. cISotcs : sc. eauTotis or ri\v lavraiv 8vvap.1v. — 8i€\|/ev<r .... 8wd- 
 petos : cf. note, § 26. — -rdXXa .... irpd-ypara : connect with irpds. — 
 opoCws SiaKeivTai : i. e. they are ignorant of them. — o?.s : masc. 
 
 28. ein,TV"yx.°' V0VT€ S, attaining to, succeeding in. — ot tc opoioi, those who 
 are like (them), in discernment and discretion. — tovtois : depends on 
 XpwvTai. — tcov irpa-ypdrtov, their affairs, business. — toutovs .... PovXev. 
 obj. of eiuGvpovo-i. — {nre'p, in behalf of. — Kal irpoto-Tao-GaC tc. Anacolu- 
 thon for Kal Trpoto-TacrGai re €in6upoi)cn.v lavr .... Kal rds eXir .... 
 
 29. KaKws 8e alpovpevoi : in regard to what is to be undertaken and 
 what not. — £r|pioi)vTai tc Kal KoXd£., are both fined and punished, incur both 
 losses and sufferings. — twv iroXewv : before 8ti, emphat. posit, for the sake 
 of contrast bet. states and single individuals. — KpeiTToort : sc. irdXecn. 
 
 30. 'Hs .... Sokovv : obj. of c'crGi : know that it seems. The gen. 
 abs. is more coram, in this const. Cf. Xen. Anab. I. 3, 6. J>s Ipov ofiv 
 Iovtos .... ovT(a ttjv "yvwpuv ^X €T€ > be assured that I shall go, etc. — ircpl 
 iroXXoi) iroiTjTe'ov. H. 650, b. Compare irepl irXeiovos, I. 1, 18. — tovto : 
 obj. of e^"YT)<racrOai. — 4GsXr|crais av : to be regarded as a conclusion with 
 cond. omit. Whether you would be willing. H. 748, 752 ; S. Gr. 516, 520, 
 b ; G. 226, 2, 227, Note. Notice the form -ais st. of the more comm. -etas. 
 
 31. ttov, indef., denotes doubt, uncertainty, and hence is used to 
 qualify an expression : perhaps, I suppose. — NVJ : always affirmative. — €t 
 .... o!8a, dv etrjv. Cond. assumed as real, conclus. as poss. H. 750 ; S. 
 
138 NOTES. 
 
 Gr. 518 ; G. 227, 1. — irpwrov uev, 'i-rreira. The usual 8e omitted. — ttoto., 
 PpwTa, ImTTjSev. in appos. with al'-ria. — irpos .... <\>£povra. } conducive 
 to. — ■ d'yaOd, KaKa : in pred. with etvat understood. 
 
 32. dv dt\ : opt. st. indie. A reality is modestly expressed as a pos- 
 sibility. — II6t€ 8'. The quest, of Euth. — o-TpaTelas, vav-rtXCas : gen. 
 dependent on p.cTao"xovT€S, verb of sharing. H. 574, a ; S. Gr. 417, a ; 
 G. 170, 2. — ot |xev .... ol 8e. Cf. note Td p.ev. I. 1, 19. — k<xI twv 
 to(J>eXi[j.wv. kcU contrasts twv <!><j>€X. with o-rpaT. alo-^pas and vavr. |3Xa- 
 P^pas : successful (enterprises) also, as well as disastrous ones. — ttot€ uev 
 .... ttotc 8e, at one time . ... at another time. — jiaXXov .... KaKa, rather 
 blessings than evils. — OuSe'v : ace. specif. 
 
 33. i\ -ye toi crocpta, wisdom at least .... certainly. Euth. confidently 
 adduces <rocJ>ta as an example for a good thing, for Soc. elsewhere declares 
 it to be the summum bonmn, and says that every virtue is <ro<pta. But 
 Soc, to carry his point, here uses <ro<j>ia in a sense diff. from that in which 
 he ordinarily uses it. This passage is frequently instanced as an example 
 of Socratic irony. Is not irony a rather mild word to characterize such a 
 mode of argumentation? — ayaQov. For the gend., see H. 522 ; S. Gr. 
 372 ; G. 138, (c). — Tt 8a£, what now, how so: with surprise. — rbv AatSa- 
 Xov . . . . 8tu Emphat. posit. Prolepsis. H. 726 ; S. Gr. 495. For 
 the legend, see Class. Diet. Also Grote, V. 1. Force of the art.? H. 527, 
 a ; S. Gr. 377, b. The well known, the celebrated. — Mtvcs>. Att. sec. 
 decl. — 6K€ivw, i. e. Mivws- H. 679, b ; S. Gr. 461 ; G. 148. Thought 
 of as remote, although mentioned immediately before. — IlaXauTjSovs. 
 For the story of Palamedes and his death by the treacherous device of 
 Ulysses, see Class. Diet, or Grote, I. p. 400. — vp.vov(rtv, sing of, tell of — 
 <os, how that. — diroXXvTai : pres. tense in allusion to the telling of the 
 story in existing poems. — dvapirdo-TOvs .... "yeYovevai (lit. have been 
 carried off), seized and sold as slaves. — pacriXea : as prop, name, the king 
 of Persia, regularly without the art. 
 
 34. Kiv8vveiJ€i. Impers. It is probable. The omission of the usual 
 conclusive particle (olv or dpa) renders the sent, more emphatic. — twv 
 €v8aiu. depend, on tL — €176 utj irposO^o-ouev, unless indeed we shall attach 
 to it (as its elements). 
 
 35. iitto tcSv .... irapaK€Kiv, by those passionately excited for their youth- 
 ful attractions. For signif. of lirt, see H. 640, a — |X€i£ocriv, too great. 
 
 36. u-qSe 6 ti. 8 ti, obj. of ev'xca-Gai : do not know even what I ought to 
 pray to the gods for. — 81a rb .... -ma-revav eiSc vat, on account of excessive 
 confidence that you knew. H. 775 ; S. Gr. 536, b. — 8uuoKpaTiav. Pro- 
 lepsis. Notice the force of yi, at least, at any rate. 
 
 37. elSe'vai (for one) to know. — utj elSdra. "WTien does the participle 
 take utj ? H. 839 ; S. Gr. 571 ; G. 283, 4. If he does not know. — 8i]uov : 
 without the art. like a proper name. It was the regular term among the 
 Grecian democracies for the commons, the people. — riotous, irevuTas: obj. 
 and pred. ace. H. 556 ; S. Gr. 400 ; G. 166. — -els d Set rekeiv, to pay for 
 the necessaries of life. In full, to expend (upon those things) upon which it is 
 
THE PHAEDO OF PLATO. 139 
 
 necessary (to expend one's means). — TrevTjTas : in pred. with etvcu under- 
 stood : are poor. 
 
 38. Kal v-f) AC : understand KaTap.€|id0Tpca. I have, by Zeus. — 6pQoi<s 
 ■yap .... dvajjLi|xvTJo-Kets. A parenthetical where we should expect a 
 principal sent. Cf. Anab. II. 5, 12, 111. 2, 11. — ol dn-opwTa/roi : see L. 
 & Sc. III. 3, the very poorest. 
 
 39. cl'-ye .... I^ei, Qr\<ro^v. Force of this form of cond. prop. H. 
 745; S. Gr. 511, a, 512; G. 221. — 'Ava-yicdtei .... (JxxvXott^. The 
 subject and verb have exchanged places. Notice the emphatic force thereby 
 given. 4>au\oT., ivani of knowledge. — |xt| : as interrog., whether not. L. & 
 Sc, C, 2 ; Klin. 318, E. 6. I am reflecting whether it be not best. — dirXoos 
 ovhiv, simply nothing, nothing at all. — KaTcuj>povTj<ras, votito-as. Is the aor. 
 part, ever to be transl. by a pres. ? H 717, a ; S. Gr. 486, a ; G. 204, N. 2. 
 
 40. outco 8iaTi0e'vTwv, thus disposed, i. e. brought to recognize their 
 own ignorance. — &XX«s, el jxtj : like Lat. non aliter nisi for non aliter 
 quam si. — wv. Attracted from ace. to case of om. anteced., some of (the 
 things) which. — & : obj. of etSevai and liurnSeveiv. 
 
 THE PHAEDO OF PLATO. 
 
 For full information, the student is referred to Grote's Plato, Jow- 
 ett's Plato, and also to Grote's History, Ch. LXVIII. 
 
 "After an interval of some months or years, at Phlius, a town of Sicyon, 
 the tale of the last hours of Socrates is narrated to Echecrates and other 
 Phliasians by Phaedo, the 'beloved disciple.' .... During the voyage 
 of the sacred ship to and from Delos, which has occupied thirty days, 
 the execution of Socrates has been deferred. The time has been passed in 
 conversation with a select company of disciples. But now the holy season 
 is over, and the disciples meet earlier than usual in order that they may 
 converse with Socrates for the last time." — Jowett. 
 
 57. (The figures on the margin denote the pages in the edition of 
 Stephanus.) — dXXov tov (fr. tIs) : perhaps gen. of source. H. 576, a; 
 S. Gr. 419, a ; G. § 171, Note 1 : or did you hear (the story) from some one 
 else. — a^Tos, sc. ^Kovo-a. — &tto, = & nva (oaris). — twv .... <j>X<.a<Hwv : 
 H. 500, a ; lit. of the citizens, Phliasians, more freely rendered, of the Phlia- 
 sian citizens. — irdw ti, at all ... . Ta vuv, at present — 8crris dv . . . . 
 olos t "hy, who would be able, who could. — diroGdvoi : orat. obliip, only that 
 he died, etc. 
 
 58. irepl tt)s 8ikt]s, concerning the trial. — avri}s, i. e. ttjs 8lkt]s. — ti, 
 adv. ace, why. — 'irvyjc .... €o-t€|xjj,€Vti (<tt4$o)), happened to have been 
 crowned. — tovs 81s em-d ckcivovs .... d*ywv, with (lit. leading) those well- 
 
140 NOTES. 
 
 known twice seven. For the story, see Class. Die., Theseus. — E. ©ecoplav, 
 an embassy. — l| eKeivov, from that (time). — Tv\oio-i.v .... cUro\a|36vT€s 
 avTotis, lit. happen taking them, away, i. e. happen to detain them. — C. '4rv\iv 
 ■ye-yovds, chanced to have taken place. — 6 .... Oavdrov, that (time) interven- 
 ing between, etc. — Ti : adv. ace. And how (were) those things relating to, etc. 
 
 — el'cov (edco) sc. revs eiriTTjSetovs. — D. TrpoQv\i.r\Qr\ri (-irpo9vp,e'opai) .... 
 CiTrayyiikai, please relate, etc. (lit. be forward, or zealous to, etc.) — to pepvfj- 
 o-0cu .... Kal atiTbv Xe-yovTa Kal .... aKovovra (sc. epe, subj. of the 
 intin.), to call to mind Socrates, both in speaking myself, and in listening, etc. 
 -fjSuj-Tov, sc. eo-Ttv. — tqiouto-us hipovs : appos. with to^s d'eow-: we should 
 perhaps invert the order : you have others such (as yourself) (in) those also 
 who will, etc. — E. Note the use of Kal p^v, 'AjJha, 'AXXd p.T|v, in dia- 
 logue. The ordinary copulative, adversative, or intensive meaning of these 
 words is perceptible, but not easily expressed in Eng. Jowett does not 
 generally render them. — dvS. €7uttj8- limits 0avdTtp. — dvrjp, crasis, = 6 
 dvTjp. — Tpdirov, \6yo>v : gen. of cause with evSalpcov (in the same way as 
 with ev8aipovi£fc>. H. 584 ; S. Gr. 424 ; G. § 173, 1). — aia-Te . . . . ira- 
 picrTao-0ai kt4., so that it occurred to me that he, even in going into Hades, did 
 not go without a divine destiny- — ev" irpdijav, would fare well, would be happy. 
 
 59. A. Note here elo-^ei with dat.: nothing at all like pity entered my 
 heart (lit. entered me). The dat. here depends on the general meaning of 
 the comp. verb. Usually el'cretpi takes the ace. depending on the prep. 
 Of. 58, E. — inxpdvTi, indef., with e'lKos, natural to one present with suffering. 
 
 — ovt€ aS tjSovtj, sc. elcrrjei poi. — "«s with the particip., represents its 
 meaning as subjective," H.,from the refection that we were (engaged) in phil- 
 osophical discourse. — Kpdo-is .... <rvyK<uzpa.\s.(vr\ (o-xryKepdwupi,) 6p.ov : 
 mingling of ... . united together. — Iv0vp.ovp.evcp refers to pot above, while I 
 considered. — 6t€ (note the accent distinguishing it fr. ore, when) pev .... 
 €viot€ 8e, at one time, and at another, or, sometimes .... sometimes. — els, 
 appos. with TrdvTes oi irapovTes, all (of us) who were present .... and one 
 of us especially. It is not necessary to express any verb with this last clause. 
 
 — irou : used here, as often, to modify the positiveness of an assertion. 
 May be rendered, perhaps, I suppose. — B. eVeTapd-yp^v : Tapdo-trw. — tcov 
 cirixwpitov, of the native (Athenians). — Alcrxivns. Not the orator Aeschines, 
 who was not born till ten years later. — 6 ilatavteiis, the Paeanian, denot- 
 ing the Attic township or deme from which he came. — C. Ti : adv. ace. 
 And how (was it) ? — S^eSdv ti . . . . irapa"yeve'o-0at. "I think that these 
 were about all." Jowett. (Lit. I think that about these (persons) were pres- 
 ent). — tp^s, or tp-rjs, with or without the iota subscript, and with acute 
 accent. — D. avoi-^Qdr] (dvoi-yvvpi.) : indef. frequency of past action. H. 
 729, b ; S. Gr. 524 ; G. § 239, 2. — SiaTpifBcvTes, conversing. —to. iroXXd, 
 adv. ace. generally. — E. els to elio0ds, to the accustomed (place of meeting). — ■ 
 e'eos dv avTos KeXevo-j] : note here the subjunc. instead of the optat. after a 
 principal verb in past time, denoting "possibility with present expecta- 
 tion," H., until he himself should bid (us enter). — Avovcri, i. e. from his 
 
 the magistrates who had charge of the prison 
 
THE PHAEDO OF PLATO. 141 
 
 and everything pertaining to it. Cf. Die. Antiqq., p. 593. — TrapayyeX- 
 Xovo-iv, 8ira>s : " are giving orders, that," etc. (Jowett.) — Notice here &v 
 after tfirws. H. 741 ; S. Or. 507, b ; G. § 216, Note 2. 
 
 60. A. oti, before the oratio recta. — airayirta .... ol'icaSe. This 
 apparently unfeeling treatment of Xanthippe, however weak and unami- 
 able she may have been, is truly painful. No Christian man could have 
 done thus. — tuv tov Kp-, of the attendants of Crito. — B. tI . . . . tcvto 
 .... 6 : lit. this something, which. ■ — w dvSpes : a respectful and at the 
 same time familiar address. We have nothing in English corresponding 
 very well to it, and hence Jowett omits it in his version. It is sometimes 
 rendered, sirs. — a>s 0aup.ao-ia>s kt!., how curiously it is related in its nature to 
 that which seems its opposite to pain. — tcG with the infinitives eGe'Xeiv and 
 ava-yKd^ec-0ai, dat. of cause : for they will not come to a man (lit. to the human 
 being) together. — to €T€pov .... kch to erepov : one of the two .... the 
 other also. — crxe56v ti dvay-, he is almost compelled, etc. — wenrep .... 
 <ruvT](x|jL€va) (cruvdirrfcj) Su' ovre : ace. abs. H. 793 ; S. Gr. 541, a ; G. 
 § 278, Note : just as if from one point (or at one end) they were fastened to- 
 gether, though they are two. — C. p.{i0ov dv o-vvOeivcu (depends on 8ok€i) = in 
 a finite const. fuiGov & v o-uv€'9t]K€v : he would have composed a fable . — ws 
 ktI. explanatory of p.O0ov. — SiaXXdijcu, to reconcile. — TjS-uvaTO. Note the 
 double augment. — <ruvf)\|/ev .... Kopucfjds, he tied the ends together: (els 
 TavTbv avTOis, lit. into the same with themselves). Jowett renders it, he fas- 
 tened their heads together . — aianrep .... 'ioiKtv, just as I find in my own case 
 also (lit. just as, accordingly, seems to me myself also). — eireiSTJ, after: vrro, 
 occasioned by. 
 
 "VVe have not space to follow the dialogue through. It contains the cele- 
 brated argument of Plato for the immortality of the soul. This argument 
 is well presented in Jowett's introduction. We now turn to the closing 
 passages. 
 
 113. D. Socrates is the speaker ; and he has just given, in the pas- 
 sage preceding this, a description of "the nature and conformation of the 
 earth." — 8ie8iKd<ravTo : gnomic aor. H. 707 ; S. Gr. 474, c ; G. § 205, 
 2 : they are judged. — [xeo-ws (3eP~, to have led a medium life : "to have lived 
 neither w T ell nor ill." Jowett. — d .... 6xT)p.a.Ta : anteced. in relat. 
 clause: the conveyances which, etc. — 4>e'povTCU : mid., receive: eKacrros, 
 appos. with the subj. of cfce'p-. — E. avidi-cos ^X €1v j the comm. use of '4\eiv 
 with an adv., to be incurable. — jxe-ye0Tj : abstract subst. in the plur., denot- 
 ing repeated instances of the quality. — tovtovs 8e : "After a conditional 
 or relative sentence, the apodosis is sometimes introduced by 8e\" H. May 
 we not understand 8e here as a shortened form of 8rj, in the same way as 
 fie'v is used for \ir\v ? these, I say, their fitting destiny hurls, etc. — Ido-ajxa 
 p,€v .... c.|xapTT||AaTa : cognate ace. : to have committed pardonable, but 
 great crimes. — olov, as for example. — (xeraixeXov avrots : ace. abs. H. 792; 
 S. Gr. 544 ; G. § 278, 2 : and who live the rest of their lives in penitence (lit. 
 it repenting them). 
 
142 NOTES. 
 
 114* A. roiovr<a .... Tpoiro), in some similar way (lit. in some other 
 such manner), i. e. similar to the instance just named. — tovtovs 8e : cf. 
 note above. — <f>€pdp.€voi .... kcito, being borne along they arrive at, etc. 
 
 — ol [Lev . . . . ol 8e kt!., appos. with the subj. of fiowtri .... KaXovo-iv : 
 
 some (call) on those whom they have slain; others, on those whom tliey have 
 wronged. — o-cj>ds (in Att. an indirect reflexive), obj. of edo-cu, refers to the 
 subj. of the principal verbs. — tKpfjvcu, to go forth (i. e. from the river Co- 
 cytus or Pyrophlegethon) into, etc. The learner should not fail to notice 
 the derivation and meaning of the names Kwkvtos, irupupXeycGwv, 'Axe- 
 pwv. — els tt)v Xi(xvt]v : i. e. the Acherusian lake. Just above they are 
 spoken of as having only arrived at (kcito.) the lake. — B. twv kokwv, 
 from their troubles. — virb twv 8iko.o-twv, by the judges, i. e. those in the 
 under-world, Aeacus, Minos, and PJiadamanthus. In the Apology of Soc. 
 the name Triptolenras is added. — ot . . . . 86£wo-i SicujjepovTws irpbs ktI. : 
 a rare const., yet the meaning is plain, whoever seem (to have been) eminent 
 in respect to, etc. — Iv tt| yrj, in (the interior of) the earth, where the places 
 of torment were supposed to be. — C. totjtwv avruv : masc, of these very 
 persons, i. e. those just mentioned : limits ol . . . . Ka0Tjpdp.evoi (KaGcupw). 
 
 — paStov, sc. Icttiv : S^Xcacrai, to make plain, i. e. to describe. — dXXd .... 
 8LeX-r]Xij0a[xev ; but, for those things which we have rehearsed (lit. through which 
 we have passed): \pi\ with irdv iroieiv. — KaXbv .... p.e"ydXi] : emphat. 
 posit. "Fair is the prize, and the hope is great." Jowett. — D. To with 
 8uo-xvplcrao-0ai : toOto, subj. of 'i\nv. — aOdvarov : H. 522; S. Gr. 372; 
 G. § 138, Note 1, (c). — <{>aiv€Tca oSo-a : H. 802 ; S. Gr. 547 : is plainly. 
 
 — toOto, i. e. the entire statement above. — 8ti .... olK^jcreis : this seems 
 to me fitting (to be believed). — olop-evw ktc.: indef. : on the part of one thinking 
 it is so. — kcu xpT) .... lauTui : and it is necessary as it were to charm one's 
 self with such things : an allusion to the use of charms or incantations : see 
 Lex. eirctSw. — dvSpa, subj. of Qappelv. — E. rds irepl .... Koo-pous, 
 those pertaining to the body and its ornaments. — ciacre \aipeiv, has allowed the 
 other pleasures .... to take their leave (to say farewell). — a>s .... ovtos 
 (agrees with K6o-p.ous), as being foreign (to himself). — kciI .... direp-yd- 
 ^eo-0ai : and thinking they do more harm (than good), lit. that they do more the 
 other of the two things (G&Tepov = to er-epov). — rds, sc. TjSovds, obj. of ecrirov- 
 Sacrc (trans, has eagerly pursued). 
 
 115* A. et(xapp.£V7] : p.s{pop,cu. — gJ>cut) .... Tpa/yiKos : (as) a tragic 
 popt would say. — Xovo-djj.evov, sc. ip.6, subj. of irieiv (invw) : after bathing . — 
 reus -ywa.£i : in allusion to the custom among the Greeks of having a 
 corpse washed by the women of the family to which the deceased belonged. 
 Die. Antitpp, p. 554, Funus. — Xoveiv, with the subst. irpd-yp-aTa : trouble to 
 wash. — Elcv : see Lex. sub voce. — B. av with iroioipev. — innovvTes : de- 
 noting means : by doing ivhich, etc. — kv x®-P irl • • • • irototjiev, we might par- 
 ticxdarly serve you (lit. we might do (it) especially in favor to you). — on : explan- 
 atory of direp : the very things which .... that you, etc. — icdv (koA &v) .... 
 6p.oXo-yTjo-f]T€ : even if you do not now make any promises (or, as Jowett ren- 
 ders, make any professions). — aienrep kcit* ix vr l • ■ • • £*]V : to live as it 
 
THE PHAEDO OF PLATO. 143 
 
 were step by step according to, etc. — C. ov8* .... ovScv irXc'ov iroiTjo-eTe : 
 
 not even if, etc., will you (by your professions) do any good at all. Notice 
 irXe'ov iroieiv in the sense to profit, to do some good. — ap.a with particip. H. 
 795, c ; S. Gr. 539, a ; G. § 277, Note 1. —Notice the repetition in etirev, 
 .... &j>T] : he said, .... said he. Lex. <J>T||ii, II. 2. — ^kcxo-tov twv Xey- : 
 neut. — D. a>s introduces the explanation of Xo-yov : argument, to the effect 
 that, etc. — Tavra snms up all the preceding beginning with 8ti. — avru 
 Xeyeiv, to speak to him in vain (aXXws, otherwise, irrelevantly ; hence, in vain). 
 — (j.€, eyyvrjv : two aces, with one verb. H. 555 ; S. Gr. 399 ; G. § 159, 
 Note 4: give therefore to Crito [for) me the opposite security. — *r\ \v .... TJ77-, 
 other than that in which he, etc. Socrates, before his judges had proposed, as 
 a commutation for the penalty of death, a certain fine ; and Crito became 
 security with others for the payment. — ovtos .... irapa^eveiv (fut. ), 
 sc. Tiyyvdro : for this man became security that I should surely stay (and pay 
 the line imposed, not running away to escape it). — E. oIxt)O"€<t0ch diridvTa, 
 sc. |xe. — ut| with d-yavaKTfj. — ^ Kcuduevov $\ KaTopuTTop.evov. Both were 
 common among the Greeks. For this whole subject, see Die. Antiqq. 
 Funus. — fj 8' '6s : H. 404, 1 ; S. Gr. 274, a ; G. § 151, Note 3. — oi> jjlovov 
 .... irX^HficXe's, sc. io-rlv, is not only in itself (lit. in respect to this itself) 
 faculty. — dXXd .... XP*1 ktI. The words are still addressed to Crito : 
 it is necessary (for you) .... and to say that (you), etc. — kcu Gdirmv (con- 
 nected to Kal <j>dvat), and to bury (it) just as, etc. 
 
 116* A. dvicrraTO els ol'icr|ud ti, rose up (and went) into a room. H. 
 618, a ; S. Gr. 448, b. — irepl .... 8ie£idvT€s, speaking (lit. going through) 
 about our misfortune. — 6<rr\ (sc. t| crup4>opd) . . . . el'rj : orat. obliq. : how 
 great it was (lit. how great (a misfortune) had happened to us). — drexvws ktI., 
 sincerely thinking, just as if etc., that we should live as orphans, etc. — B. 
 fivex^ 1 ! : ^P* 0, — Kai °^ otaeiai yvv- d«|>- : bear in mind l-rmSi] above: and 
 the women of the family had arrived. — exeivais (Hermann includes this word 
 in brackets ; but it is retained, in other editions) .... epouXero : in the 
 presence of Crito, talking with them, and giving whatever directions he wished. ■ — 
 Tas uev .... €Ke'Xeu(r£v. Not one expression of conjugal or parental 
 love! — &TTa : Lex. tis IV.: imparts indefmiteness to iroXXd : not many 
 things on any subject (or of any sort). — SieXex^ (SiaXe'^ofJicu) : usu. under- 
 stood as deponent here, he spoke ; but Jowett translates it as pass. — C. <rov : 
 accented ; hence emphatic. — ere : first word in the sentence and accented; 
 emphatic. — Kal dXXws, on other occasions also. — Iv . . . . \pov(a, i. e. the 
 time that he had been in the prison. — x a ^ eira ^ V£t s : Bekker and Stallbaum 
 read here xaXeiravets (fut.), which seems more natural. Jowett renders it 
 as fut. : you will not be angry with me. Schl. translates it as fut. ; Cousin as 
 pres. — eKelvois : i. e. rots alriois : same const, as ep.01. — ireipw (impdop.ai), 
 imperat. — D. 'fls do-Tetos, how courteous. Jowett, how charming, a ques- 
 tionable rendering. Schl., wie fein. Cousin, quelle hounetete. — eve-yKdrw: 
 <f>ep(». — T€Tpiirrai (Tpl(3a>), indicating the manner in which the hemlock 
 (kwvciov) was prepared. — E. rjXiov, the sun : article omitted, as "in many 
 common designations of place and time." H. — irtvovTas (sc. to 4>dpp.aKov) 
 
144 NOTES. 
 
 supplement, particip. : drink, etc. — TrapaY-yeXGfj : impers., after the an- 
 nouncement has been made to them. — Seiir- .... pdXa : both having supped 
 and drunk freely. 
 
 1.17. A. ovSlv .... aXXo "ye f| kt!., anything else than to incur ridicule 
 in my own eyes (lit. with myself). — ovSevbs .... cvovtos : gen. abs., when 
 nothing (of it) longer remains. — T€Tpip-, with to <j>dp- : — <rv, sc. tl. — i] .... 
 irtpue'vcu, than, after drinking (it), to walk about, etc. — B. <rov with o-Ke'Xeo-i : 
 pdpos, a heaviness. — avrb TroiTjcrei : it (the poison) will take effect (or, as 
 we often say, will work). — kcu os : H. 525, b ; S. Gr. 375, b ; G. § 151, 
 Note 3. — ovSe 8ia<f>0e(pas ktc., nor changing either in color or in countenance 
 (perhaps more lit. nor marring (anything) of etc.). These genitives may be 
 viewed as partit. — TaoprjSov, adv., steadfastly. L. & Sc. give no defini- 
 tion suited to this connection. Jowett says, ' ' with all his eyes " : not a 
 very happy rendering. — irpbs to a/sroo-Treurcu (dTrocrrrevSco) tivi ; with re- 
 spect to pouring out from (it) a libation to some one? — metv with perpiov : a 
 suitable quantity to drink. — C. -ye'vciTO : optat. without &v, a wish : would 
 that it might be thus (raiiTTj, lit. in this ivay). — emo-xopevos (iiriyjta) .... 
 egeirie (skttivw) : holding (the cup to his lips), he drank it off " quite readily and 
 cheerfully " (J.). — KaTe'xetv to pi] Sasc- : on the use cf pt) here, see H. 838 ; 
 S. Gr. 572 ; G. § 263, 2: to keep from weeping, to restrain our tears. — Pux 
 with the gen. in spite of: cuutov with epo-0, of myself even. — eKtivdv -y€, tt^v 
 . . . . rvyy\v : sc. aTreKXaiov as trans., I bewailed.- — cl'ov = Sti toiotjtov. 
 H. 822 ; S. Gr. 562 ; G. § 238.— ecrrep-ri pe'vos €'lt]v: prat, obliq., seeing that 
 I was deprived of such, etc. — D. koA 8tj koA totc : an intensive form of 
 connective, not easily rendered into Eng. : " and at that moment." (J.) — 
 o^Se'va SvTiva ov (H. 817, a ; S. Gr. 558 ; G. § 153, N. 4) : obj. of kcit€- 
 KXao-e (KaTdKXdw) : moved (lit. broke down) every one of etc.: "made cow- 
 ards of us all." (J.) — I'va .... -n-X-qp- : that they might not commit such 
 improprieties. — ■ E. eTreVxopev tov 8o,k- : we refrained from, etc. Note here 
 the absence of prj with the infm. Cf. KCTex^v to pr; 8ax-, above. — 6 
 &V0-, i. e. the one who had administered the poison : = ovtos 6 Sous to 
 <pdp-. — SiaXnrwv XP° V0V (H. 788, a ; S. Gr. 539, a), after an interval of 
 time: with the imperf. Ittgo-k-, which denotes continuance or repetition, we 
 may render, now and then examined, etc. — i|p€TO : aor. of epwTaw. — ovk 
 &})tj, said, No. 
 
 118. A. eiravitov (eirl, dvd, dpi), going upwards. — tyv\- .... irif]*yvi>- 
 to (B. H. St. = TTTj-yviJOLTo) : was growing cold and stiff. — cuitos TJirreTO, 
 he felt (them) himself. (J.) — 8ti .... oix^<rcTci. For this form of orat. 
 oblig., see H. 735, and a; S. Gr. 503, and a; G. § 247 : in orat. recta, olxrj- 
 o-opcw : when it should reach, etc., then he would be gone. — y|8tj .... \|n>xo- 
 peva: already therefore the parts of his body (lit. of him, avrov) about the groin, 
 were growing nearly cold, -to . . . . dXeicrpvava : we owe a cock to Aescula- 
 pius: a common sacrifice on recovery from sickness. Socrates thus com- 
 pares this life to a fit of sickness ; death, to a recovery. — Tawa, subj. of 
 io-Tcu: b Kp-, of &{>T|. — Spa .... Xe'-yets, consider, if you have anything else 
 to say (lit. if you say, etc.). — oXi-yov .... SiaXtirwv, here with the aor. 
 
DEMOSTHENES. OLYNTHIAC III. 145 
 
 €KivtJ0t] : after a short interval, he was convulsed, or he struggled. Cf. note on 
 SiaXiinbv xpovov above (117, E). — kcu os (refers to avTov) . . . &ttt]o-€v: 
 and his eyes were set (lit. and he (i. e. Soc.) set his eyes). — £vve'XaPe, dosed. 
 — rj8€ .... c-ye'vero : Eng. idiom, such was the end, etc. — wv (rel. attracted 
 to the case of the anteced. t<5v tots) l?rapd9T][i€v (impdoixcu), of the men 
 at that time whom we have known. — kcu &XXa>s, and besides. 
 
 A comparison, or rather contrast, of the above scene with the death of 
 our Lord was drawn by J. J. Eousseau, and has often been referred to, 
 especially the words, "If the life and death of Socrates are those of a Sage, 
 the life and death of Jesus are those of a God.*" The passage in the original 
 may be found in Magill's "Introductory French Reader," p. 168. Every 
 French scholar will be well repaid by turning to it. 
 
 DEMOSTHENES. THIRD OLYNTHIAC. 
 
 To understand the circumstances which called forth this oration, 
 the student is referred to Grote's History, Ch. LXXXVIII. (where 
 he will find the fullest and best account in our language of the third 
 Olynthiac, — " one of the most splendid harangues ever delivered," 
 says Grote), or, if this work is not accessible, to Smith's History, 
 Ch. XLII. The chronological table, at the end of Smith's History, 
 beginning with Book V., will be convenient, and of great service, if 
 frequently consulted. 
 
 § 1. O^xi. Note the emphatic form of the negative. — ravTa. (= t& 
 avra), obj. of •yi-yvwo-Keiv, to know, decide, think, lit. not surely does it occur 
 to me to think the same things : more freely rendered, the same thoughts do not 
 occur to me. — dvSpes: used in respectful address. Cf. a> ctvSpes <rrpaTL(3- 
 tcu, so frequent in the Anab. — kcu ctrav (cVn-opXetj/to) irpbs tovs \6yov$. — 
 aKOvoi, diropXt'xJ/w. Note the difference between pres. and aor. subjunc. — - 
 rovs Xd"yovs .... -ycyvoixevovs : ace. with supplement, particip. depend- 
 ing on 6p<3 : so also to. Trpdvp-aTa with irpOT|KovTa, sc. opal. H. 799 ; S. 
 Or. 546, c ; G. § 280. — uxrre .... 8e'ov, explanatory of touto : to this, 
 that it is necessary to consider how, etc. The const, of 8e'ov .is differently ex- 
 plained. Some understand with it Itrrtv or elvcu : others take it in the 
 sense of oSo-Te . . . Seiv, the infin. being changed to the particip. by a sort 
 of attraction, and the particip. made to depend on the principal verb, opw. 
 So West. — o-iiSev .... diXXo .... d|xapTav€iv. Notice the artistic ar- 
 rangement of the sentence, the emphatic words standing first and last, — 
 an arrangement not easily adopted in Eng. : to err in nothing else, etc. — 
 i] , . . . 7rapicrTdvT€s (pres. particip., trans.), than in setting before you tlie 
 subject ..... not as it is (not the real one). 
 10 
 
146 NOTES. 
 
 . § 2. iy<a, subj. of oTSa. — Kal paXa aKpi(3oos : an accumulation of inten- 
 sive words; even very accurate///. *Reh., nur zu yenau: only too well. — kirL 
 with gen. often in the time of: ka epov, in my time, or within my recollection. 
 - — tovto : obj. of TrpoXaP^iv. — tKavov, with tjjj.iv etvai, that it is enough 
 for us, etc. — ttjv TrpwTTjv : adv., in the first place, or as the first step. In 
 form, ace. sing. fern. Of. r»\v Ta^Un-qv, Anab. 1, 3, 14. — oirws .... 
 <rw<ropev explains tovto : to secure beforehand this object, (I mean) that we 
 may rescue our allies : tfirtos with fut. indie. H. 756 ; S. Gr. 522, a ; G. 
 § 217. Some editt. have here the aor. subjunc. o-cuo-wpev. H. 739 ; S. Gr. 
 507 ; G. § 217, Note 1. — totc with e^'orai, then will it be permitted, etc. — 
 tov with the sentence following, as far as Tpdirov : concerning this also, whom 
 one shall punish, and in what maimer (it shall be done). — ovtivovv (ostisovv), 
 with Xo-yov, any argument whatever. 
 
 § 3. el'irep iroTe : not strictly logical, yet pointed and easily under- 
 stood : the present crisis, if ever {any), etc. The sentence is true of many 
 other times than those in which Demosthenes lived. — €Keivo : ace. of specif. 
 with curopij : points to what follows : but I am at a loss on this (point), in 
 what manner, etc. — e£ wv . . . . cnuvoiSa (sc. cpavTw), from what I am con- 
 scious of , from what I know, etc. — to. irXeito, subj. of eKire^evYevai : vpas, 
 obj. — tc5v irpa-ypaTcov in the sense of advantages, or opportunities. — tu prj 
 PovXeo-0ai . . . . To> prj crvvie'vai (<rvv£r|p0 : dat. of manner or cause : from 
 an unwillingness to do your duty, not from any lack in comprehending (it). — 
 tnrope v£iv, to bear with me. — el ... . Xg^yw explains tovto, tin's, whether I, 
 etc. — i'va .... 76 vtjtcu explains the preceding tovto, on this account, that, 
 etc. — €K tov points, out the sentence as far as e viovs, from the fact that 
 some, etc. — -rrpos \dpiv, for favor, for gratif cation. — eis irdv poxOrjpias : lit. 
 to everything of etc. ; or, as we say, to the last degree of wretchedness. — to, 
 irapovTa, subj. of -irpO€XT|Xv0€. 
 
 § 4. pLKpa is usu. taken as adv., briefly. — inropvfjcrcu (t>iropipvTJcrK&>) : 
 trans., to remind you of , etc. — pepvTjo-Be (pe'pvrjpai) : intrans. Notice the 
 asyndeton (omission of the connective), this sentence introducing an ex- 
 planation of the preceding. — TpiTov .... tovti : Wes. & Oh. supply 
 cVtI, this is, etc. Eeh. takes it as ace. of time, this third or fourth year, i. e. 
 three or four years ago: tovti : H. 242 ; S. Gr. 139, c ; G. § 83, Note 2. — 
 prjv without the article : H. 530, b ; S. Gr. 379, c : it was the month Maimac- 
 terion (30th Oct. to 27th Nov.). — -yi-yvope'vov agrees with the nearest word ; 
 understood with the more remote (\6yeav), H. 511, h ; S. Gr. 361, h ; G. 
 § 135, Note 1 : lit. many words and (much) noise arising ; in our idiom, after 
 a long and stormy debate: irap' vptv, among you, i. e. in the assembly. — pe'xpi, 
 lit. up to We should commonly say, under, etc. — avTovs, themselves, i. e. 
 in person, without being allowed to provide substitutes. 
 
 § 5. In this section the irresolute conduct of the Athenians is pictured 
 in language quite noteworthy. ■ — eKcn-opPcuwv, ktI. : the verb and all con- 
 nectives are omitted for rhetorical effect : (it was) Hecatombaeon, Metageit- 
 nion, Boedromion, — names of Athenian months. They embraced a period 
 from about the middle of July to about the middle of October. See Die. 
 
DEMOSTHENES. OLYNTHIAC III. 147 
 
 Antiqq., p. 223. — tovtov tov [iT|vds : gen. of time within which : in this 
 (last named) month. — p.€Ta to, p.vo-TT|pia, after the mysteries, i. e. the Eleu- 
 sinian mysteries, celebrated for nine days, from the 15th of Boedromion. 
 No threatening danger, no motives of patriotism, could lead them to forego 
 the pleasure of celebrating this festival. — -Scko, vcuis .... Kevds, obj. of 
 ^Xovtci, which agrees with Xapt8T]ji,ov. They sent out ten instead of forty 
 ships, the number voted, and empty vessels instead of manning them with 
 citizens, and contributed five talents instead of sixty. — ap^oTepa : subj. 
 of fjX0ev, both [reports) came, that he was sick and that he was dead. — ovkcti 
 . . . . ouSe'va: a negative followed by a compound negative of the same kind. 
 H. 843 ; S. Gr. 577 ; G. § 283, 8 : supposing there was no longer any occasion 
 for rendering assistance, i. e. to the Olynthians. — &<{>ieT€ : imperf. : Hes., 
 Reiske, & Ch. read cLj>etT€ : Diud. T^iere. — ^v . . . . avros : but this was 
 the critical moment itself. — el . . . . e 5 f3oT]0TJ(ra|xev : el with aor. indie, in 
 condition, &v with imperf. indie, in conclusion. H. 746 ; S. Gr. 514 ; G. 
 § 222 : for if you had sent aid, etc., Philip would not now be troubling, etc. : 
 f|VcoxXei (evoxXiw), double augment. — o-«0eis : emphat. position and in a 
 double sense, having recovered (from his reported sickness) and having escaped 
 (from the Athenians) : "genesen und gerettet." Reh. 
 
 § 6. ovk &v &XX«s ex, 01 : potential optat., could not be otherwise (now, 
 even if we should attempt to change them), or, as we should more naturally 
 speak, cannot be changed. — irepl .... efi.vrjcr0T|v (p.up.VT|o-Kw), I made men- 
 tion of, etc. — fr>a .... ird0T]Te directs the mind distinctly to the f ut. , 
 that you may not, etc. — rC . ... . toutm ; how now shall we treat this ? i. e. 
 the favorable opportunity in another war. — -rravrl o-0evei k<xt& to Swardv: 
 a pleonasm for emphatic statement. So, in a similar way, we may say, 
 with all the forces at your command: lit. with all strength according to your abil- 
 ity. According to Reh., a formula used in the ratification of treaties, and 
 hence a solemn form of expression. ■ — ov Tpoirov : adv. ace, in what manner, 
 how. — eoTpaTiiyrjKOTes (o-TpaTiryew) .... eareo-Oe : has the force of a fut. 
 perf. 
 
 § 7» {nrripxov .... K€KTT]p.e'voi, were having acquired, i. e. had acquired: 
 a stronger expression than Ik€'ktt]vto. Notice the asyndeton. — Sie'KeUT 
 (= 8lck€ito) : subj. to, irpd-y- : ovtw denotes here what immediately follows. 
 
 — eOoppei tovtovs : H. 544, a ; S. Gr. 390, a ; G. § 158, Note 2 : was con- 
 fident in respect to them, trusted them : ovtoi, sc. 40dppovv. — eirpd^a|i6v 
 Tj|iels, sc. irpbs tovtovs. Notice the terseness of the language and the con- 
 tinuation of the asyndeton. — e'^iroSio-jjia, Svcr^epe's : notice the radical 
 part of each of these words (irotis, yelp). We might convey the same figure, 
 rendering freely, thus : this bound Philip, as it were (oio-irep), hand and foot. 
 
 — ttoXlv kt4. explains tovto : the fact that a large city, etc. — e'^opfxeiv, to lie 
 at anchor over against, to he at anchor watching for, thus presenting the city 
 under the figure of a ship. — ecun-ou : object, gen.: the opportunities against 
 him. — e'K7roXe|if)o-ai : trans., to incite to war. — 6ira>o-8T)iroTe, somehow or 
 other, suggesting that it was not due to any effort of the Athenians. A 
 slight pause before this word, in the delivery, would make the sense clearer, 
 and remove the hiatus. 
 
148 NOTES. 
 
 § §• The careful student will not fail to perceive how intensely prac- 
 tical, direct, and earnest the argument is. — €"yw p.ev : emphatic. Observe 
 that no corresponding sentence, introduced by 8e, follows. — irepio-Tdo-t]? 
 (2 aor. particip.) &v : H. 803, a ; S. Gr. 519, a ; G. § 211. The protasis is 
 d Ka0v<j>ei}i.e@a (Kara, v-ko, l\|xi). The form el'p.e0a can be found in four 
 different places, perf. or pluperf. ind. middle (pass.) : 2 aor. indie, or optat. 
 mid. I take it to be optat. here : apart from the disgrace that would surround 
 us, if we should be remiss in any of our affairs. — tov twv fiera Tawa, that 
 which would follow these things: more lit. that (fear) of the (things) after these 
 (things). — iyovTuv .... 0?>j3-: particip. denoting time or cause: while 
 the Thebans, or since the Thebans, are affected towards us as they are. — dirsipT]- 
 kotcov (Lex. diTeiTrov, IV. 2) : also of time or cause : after the Phocians have 
 failed in finances, have spent their money. For the historical allusion, see 
 Smith's Hist., eh. xlii. § 15. — |XT;8evos .... ovtos : condition. H. 839; 
 S. Gr. 571 ; G. § 283, 4 : if nothing is in the way, etc. — toI 7rapdvTa kcitci- 
 o-Tpeij/ajJLevw, after subjecting the present affairs (those at Olynthus) to himself. 
 — eiTiKXivai : with i\i.iroS<av, in the way of Philip's turning (his attention) to 
 the affairs here (at Athens). 
 
 § 9. iroi^creiv. H. 718 ; S. Gr. 486, c ; G. § 202, 3 : is putting off do- 
 ing his duty till then. The fut. inhn. makes more emphatic the future idea 
 in the context : is rendered as the pres. infill, here. — e£6v. H. 792 ; S. 
 Gr. 544 , G. § 278, 2 : when it is permitted, etc. — £t]T€iv, sc. j3ovX«=tcu. — 
 The second e|6v is better rendered as concessive, though it is now permitted, 
 etc. — irpoi6p.€0a, irpoiTj(ji.i. 
 
 § 10. to 8e 07rws, but the manner (of doing it) ; lit. but the how. — jxtj 
 with aor. subjunc. H. 723, a; S. Gr. 492, a; G. § 254. — irapdSogov .... 
 tois iroXXoTs, unexpected to the many. — KaGicraTe : Ka0i£a>. The adroitness 
 with which Dem. approaches this delicate proposition is worthy of note. 
 
 § 11. Xe-yto 8e sore., and I mean, (to speak) thus plainly, those concern- 
 ing, etc. For the theorica, see Die. Antiqq., p. 1126. — iviovs: restrictive 
 appos. with tovs. — wv oi \iiv, of which (laws), a part distribute, etc. — 0ew- 
 piKtx, appos. with rd crrpaT-. — oiSe, and others, i. e. other laws. — toi>s 
 draKTovvTas, those who are disorderly, meaning here, those who evade the laws 
 for military service. — kcu .... &<r§aXi\, and shall have rendered the way , to 
 speak what is best, safe (tov with Xe'-yeiv). — d .... <ru[juf>€'p€i, those things 
 which you all know that they are profitable, or, more freely, which you all know 
 to be profitable. 
 
 § 12. -rrplv with infin. H. 769 ; S. Gr. 531 ; G. § 274: But before do- 
 ing, etc. — tis ciTrobv ktI., who, for speaking what is best for you, will consent, 
 etc. Notice the arrangement {itt^p i>p.div i><J>' vp.(3v. The Athenians had a 
 law, that any one should be put to death who should move to divert 
 the theoric funds (i. e. funds for the public festivals) to any other use. 
 This law, said Dem., must be repealed. — €t>pT|cr€T€, sc. Tivd. — &\\ous tc 
 Koi, especially. H. 857; S. Gr. 583, c. — tovtov .... p.€'XXovTos, when 
 this alone is likely to be the result. — ira0€iv .... 7pd\|/avTa explains rovrov : 
 that the one having spoken these things, and having moved them in a written reso- 
 
DEMOSTHENES. OLYNTHIAC III. 149 
 
 lution suffer, etc. — oxj>eXT]o-ai (axjjeXe'co) and ir<Hf]<rai, same const. with im- 
 0etv. — |xd\Xov is usu. taken here with <{>o|3€pc6Tepov as strengthening the 
 comparative. So Reh., Hes., Wes., et al. — to . . . . \£yu.v : obj. of •srotf]- 
 orai : but even for the future render the speaking of what is best, etc. — \veiv : 
 made emphatic between Kat and "ye (enclit.) : also by standing out of its 
 natural grammatical place, at the head of the sentence, antithetical' to re- 
 GeLKcuriv : and it is fitting to demand that these same {men) repeal, etc. 
 
 § 13. ttjv X < V LV {the gratitude, the popularity), subj. of virapyjtiv. — toTs 
 . . . . 0sttriv (Gets aor. particip.), sc. toi>s venous. — ttjv dn-exOeiav, subj. 
 of "yev€<r0ai : £rj|uav, pred. : but that the unpopularity through which, etc., be- 
 come a damage, etc. The balancing of words and clauses in the Greek sen- 
 tence is worthy of note. — TnXiKOin-ov .... Slktjv : so powerful among you 
 that having transgressed . ... he should fail to suffer punishment (or to give 
 satisfaction). 
 
 § 14. Ov . . . . otiS' : negation repeated and strengthened. — p.TJv 
 marks the transition to a new statement, and also emphasizes that state- 
 ment. Note also the intensive and restrictive particle yi after eicelvo. 
 Not, in truth, not even this, at least, is it proper that you, etc. — to with e'Oe'Xeiv : 
 to. 8d£-, obj. of iroieiv : vp.ds (subj. of eGe'Xeiv), emphat. posit.: unless the 
 willingness on your part to execute, etc. — d . . . . •fjv, .... ovV &v vp.€is 
 .... €7rpdTT€T£ ktI. Supposition with contrary reality. — -ypa^eiTi : impers. : 
 note here (if the reading is correct) the potential optat. without dv. H. 
 722, c ; S. Gr. 491, a ; G. § 224, Note : or to carry out (those things) concern- 
 ing which resolutions might be passed (more lit. it might be decreed). — [UKpd, 
 obj. of €irpdTT€T6 : neither would you .... execute little, nay rather nothing, 
 of these things. — eveicd -ye \|/ti4>io-|xdTwv, so far at least as depended on reso- 
 lutions. 
 
 § 15. Tavrra, subj. of ex* 1 (intrans. are). — tov \4y- kcu X €l P~ : g en - 
 with vo*T6pov, later than. — 6v agrees with to irpdrmv (subj. of Io-tlv) : the 
 doing, being, etc. — ttj tci^€i, in the. order (of time). — tovto .... irpocmvai 
 (-jrp6o-€ip.i) : that this (to irpaTTeiv) be added. — to, dXXa, i. e. to \eynv Kal 
 XeipoTovstv. — irap' iifuv elo-iv .... Suvdpevoi, there are among you (per- 
 sons) who are able. — vjJieis, sc. lore*, you of all men are, etc. 
 
 § 16. XP° V0V • • • • Kcupdv : time .... opportunity. — PcXtuo : ace. 
 sing. — diravTa . . . . Ta X^P" 1 * a ^ the towns, i. e. Potidaea, Amphipolis, 
 etc.: dvOpanros (= 6 dv-) i. e. Philip. Not a very respectful reference to 
 him. — TaijTT|s .... ttjs X"P a s : Olynthus and the adjacent country. — 
 ir€io-dp.€0a. The force of ovx extends to this verb : shall we not suffer, etc. 
 — ovx, with iroXsp-o-OvTai : ov<$, obj. of o-wo-eiv, whom toe promised to rescue 
 promptly, if they, etc. — ovk .... ovk .... ou ... . qvk : sc. cVtiv, Is 
 he not, etc.: ov\ 6 ti ktI. : is he not anything that one might say (of him) ? 
 Note this series of pointed questions, a marked peculiarity in the style of 
 Dem. — Philip is here called pdpf3apos, a foreigner ; yet he claimed to be 
 of Grecian descent, and this claim is usually acknowledged to be just. 
 Smith's Hist,, ch. xlii. § 3. 
 
 § l 1 ?. irpds with gen. in solemn appeals. — irdvTa ktI., after letting all 
 
150 NOTES. 
 
 (that Philip has taken from us) go, and all but (|iovov ovyj) helping him to 
 gain (them), shall we then (totc emphat.) search for, etc. — avroi y ainot : 
 pred. with etvai. — tov iroX- : generic article. — 8' ojjlws, but still. Careless 
 persons often confound 6fuos with 6p.ouos. — el Sk ... . ^kcuttos, and if 
 each one did this, i. e. stood his ground (p.€veiv). 
 
 § 18. teal vvv .... PeXno-ra ; — grepos .... PcXtico. These sentences 
 are hypothetical. In some editions they are punctuated as periods. And 
 now does one man fail to propose, etc. Let another, etc. — d-yaQfj tvxt) : a ^ re " 
 quent expression. The shield of Dem. in the battle of Chaeronea is said 
 to have borne this inscription in golden letters. It is translated into Ger- 
 man, "in Gottes Namen." Heslop translates it, and luck attend you. 
 Champlin's rendering is more literal, and, I think, truer to the spirit of 
 the original, with a favoring fortune. — ovkc'ti, not further, referring to ov ki- 
 ■yei . . . . PeX/rio-To,. If the speaker does not propose what is best, he 
 may in that case be guilty ; but he is not guilty if he fail to propose what 
 is agreeable (rjSea). — rovQ' : on this point (ovx. Tjoea Tavra) ; — 8eov : ace. 
 abs. — €{i|ao-0ai : with Se'ov and with -rrcipaXeiim : unless, when it is his duty 
 to utter wishes, he fails to do this. — dOpoUravTa agrees with the subject (un- 
 derstood) of €$jacr8ai : gathering briefly (Iv 6Xl-yu>) into the same petition all that 
 one desires. — irpa'yp.dTwv : reference is had especially to public affairs, in 
 contrast with mere good wishes. — irpoTcBfj (aor. subjunc. pass.) : impers., 
 when it is proposed, etc. Notice here the const, o-kottciv irept with gen. — 
 tiJiropov, sc. €<tt(,v. — 4|fj : Zf-ta-Ti. 
 
 § 19. tjixiv : dat. of interest : <*x €l > has {the ability), is able. — ical . . . . 
 !dv Kal .... \4ynv : both to let alone (or to leave untouched) .... and to 
 mention, etc. — «}>tJ[a 'iyatye, I for my part say so.— e'i tu (fr. tIs) ttotc .... 
 $\ "y€"yov€V ktI., if it ever either has happened to any one, etc. — &v . . . . dva- 
 Xwo-t) (dvaXlo-Kw), in case he has squandered, etc. — twv air- with etnrop- : 
 the gen. denoting source : to have an abundance from what is wanting. — jxe-ya 
 .... {nrdpxei, greatly aids. — tols tol- Xd-y-, such reasonings, i. e. such as 
 the questions above, whether they could not find means to carry on the 
 war without the theoric funds. — o -yap PovXeTai ktI.: like the proverb 
 in English, "the wish is father to the thought. 1 ' — ire<jn>K€v (<$>v<a, B. II.), 
 intrans. and pres. in meaning. 
 
 § 20. -I have followed Wes., Hes., Ch., et al. in placing a comma after 
 IvSe'xerai, and rendering thus : Look therefore at these things, men of Athens, 
 in this way, as the facts also allow, (then) will you both be able, etc. Dind. and 
 Reh. omit the comma after €v8ex.-> and extend the force of Sircos to the end 
 of the sentence. — IXXdirovras agrees with the subj. of cj>€pei.v understood. 
 We might have expected it to be in the gen. agreeing with dvOpcoircov. H. 
 776 ; S. Gr. 536, c ; G. § 136, Note 2 : it does not belong to ... . failing in 
 anything .... to bear, etc. — ov8' : sc. or<o(j>pdva>v .... ecr-rlv dv0-. — lirl 
 KopivQ- .... iropevetrGca. It is not certain what inilitary expeditions 
 are here referred to. Rehdantz thinks, to some which had been under- 
 taken within the memory of Dem. ; others, to expeditions in the preceding 
 century, mentioned by Thucydides : nor, seizing their arms, to march .... 
 
DEMOSTHENES. OLYNTHIAC III. 151 
 
 and to allow Philip, etc. — rots crrpar- : note here a dat. of interest with a 
 substantive : provisions for, etc. 
 
 § 21. Tcuh-a : obj. of \iyeiv. — tt|v dXXtos : H. 509, b, (a) ; S. Gr. 359, 
 ba : idly, without purpose. — TrpoTJpT]p.ai : irpoaipew : I have not chosen, etc. 
 — p/rj8e'v with particip. H. 389 ; S. Gr. 571 ; G. § 283, 4 : if not suppos- 
 ing, i. e. without supposing that I confer some benefit, or that I am doing some 
 good. — - 8ik- -jtoXitov, sc. etvai, that it belongs to, that it is the duty of, etc. — 
 &vtI ttis • . • . X°-P" : instead of popularity {gained) in speaking, or popular- 
 ity as a speaker. — tovs .... Xe'-yovras, subj. of \pTJo-9ai : eir! kt£., in the 
 time of, etc. — vpeis, sc. &kou€T€. — oiis relates to tovs .... Xey-. — ira- 
 piovTts, coming forward, i. e. on the bema as speakers. — tovto> .... iro- 
 Xiretas, this custom and manner in managing public affairs, i. e. the custom 
 just mentioned, to prefer the safety of public affairs to popularity as speak- 
 ers. — tov *Ap- CKeivov ktI. : appos. with tovs .... Xe'-yovTas : the well- 
 known A ristldes, etc. : rbv op.- cpavTw, my own namesake, i. e. the general De- 
 mosthenes, who flourished during the Peloponnesian war. See Class. Die. 
 for all these names. All of these men, except Pericles, were distinguished 
 rather as generals than as orators. 
 
 § 22. I£ ov, sc. xpovov, ever since. — pt|Top€S, appos. with ovtoi : these 
 men have appeared as orators who perpetually ask you (lit. those asking, etc.) : 
 the pres. particip. denoting repeated action. — 7rpo7r€7roTat (irpoirtvaj) : subj. 
 toL . . . . irpoVy- : have been bartered away, as at a banquet, in exchange for, 
 etc. Eeference is made in ire'iroTai to the custom' of presenting the cup, 
 perhaps with other gifts, to the one to whose health it had been quaffed. 
 Dem. uses the same figure in the Oration on the Crown, and elsewhere. — ■ 
 toicivtC : notice again the demonstrative iota : such things as these, referring 
 to the unfortunate condition of public affairs. — tovtcov, of these men, the 
 orators. — rd iiper., sc. ^X €1, 
 
 § 23. K€<pdXaia .... twv .... 'ipy- : chief of the acts. — irapaSety- 
 depends on xptopiv- : using, not foreign examples, but, etc. — vp.iv with ^€o-ti, 
 it is permitted to you. — eiSaipoo-tv .... -yeveo-Oai, to become prosperous : ev- 
 8a.tp.ovas Avould have been grammatical here, Cf. cXXel-irovras, § 20, with 
 note and references. 
 
 § 24. Ikclvoi : i. e. ol irpd-yovot, subj. of TJp|av (apxw). — «plXovv : 
 used with bitter irony : avxovs, note the change of const. — ovtoi vvv, sc. 
 <f>iXovo%v. — TT€VTe Kal t£tt- £tt| : Dem. alludes to the period between the 
 Persian and Peloponnesian wars. Thucydides (Lib. I. cap. cxviii.) speaks 
 of the same period as about fifty years. If we reckon from the battle of 
 Plataea (479 b. c.) to the beginning of the Peloponnesian war (431 b. c. ) 
 we have a period of seventy-eight years. Dem., therefore, in this sentence 
 speaks within bounds, — a point quite noteworthy in an orator. — TavVqv 
 ri\v x<apa.v : i. e. Macedonia. — (3dp|3apov"EXXirjo-i, sc. v-rraKoveiv. — TroXXd 
 . . . . KaXd .... Tpoiraia: obj. oV4o-TX\<ra.v. — avTol o-Tpa-r- : taking the 
 field in person: agi'ees with the subj. of l<m\<ra.v. — Kpelrro) ttjv kt!., the 
 glory founded on their deeds, (which was) superior to those tvho envy, or, as we 
 say, superior to envy. On this theme Dem. is always the most impassioned. 
 
152 NOTES. 
 
 § 25c toioDtoi : emphat. posit.: we should make the word emphatic 
 by placing it first in the sentence ; such were they, etc. — 6-iroiot, sc. etev, 
 what sort of men (they were). — olKo8o[xr||j.aTa kcu KaXXri .... tepwv kt!., 
 lit. structures and beauties of temples, and of the consecrated offerings In them, 
 such, and so many, that, etc. : twv &vo.0t>|x- limits especially koXXti. Heslop 
 renders it, edifices and beautiful works, so numerous and splendid in temples, 
 etc. — tnr€pf3o\Tjv, superiority (to them). 
 
 § 26, cr<}>68pa .... |ievovT£s. The force of ovra extends over this 
 clause : so exceedingly steadfast in the spirit of, etc., or, as we often speak, so 
 exceedingly true to the spirit of the constitution. — Xap/irpcov. We often employ 
 the same figure, brilliant (men). — tt|V .... o'tKtctv : ohj. of oTSev : placed 
 before €t tis dpa .... vjxojv to give it greater prominence. — opa .... 
 oScrav : he sees (it, i. e. the house of any one of these eminent men) in no 
 respect finer than, etc. — ov yap els ireptovo-lav .... axWots : for, not to en- 
 rich themselves, etc. — to. tt)s ttoX-, subj. of eirp&TT-. — Ik tot) .... StotKeiv 
 .... escTTjcravTO, from the fact that they administered .... they acquired, etc. 
 
 § 27. eKelvots, those (men), i. e. the men of a former day. — ots (at- 
 tracted to the case of the suppressed antecedent tovtois), obj. of d"zov : 
 employing (those) whom I have spoken of as leaders. — vtrb tc3v xpticttcSv twv 
 vvv : under (or managed by) the noble men of the present day : \pr\(TTa>v, ironi- 
 cal. — ^x €l > intrans. — 6p.olws, irapair\r\(rCo>s : kindred ideas, and hence 
 united by the copulative ko.1 : a form of expression frequent in Greek. Cf. 
 !irl Trj I'o-tj kcu, ojxota, Thucyd. I. 27. It would seem more strictly logical 
 to use the disjunctive fy and some MSS. have § here. The English idiom 
 
 prefers the disjunctive, like or similar.— ot .... 1-iraX.TjfJiiJ.svoi . . . . 
 
 d7T£<TT£pT|p.€0a. I follow, though with much hesitation and doubt, the 
 latest reading of Dindorf (editio tertia correctior) in this perplexing sen- 
 tence : who .... having come upon .... have been deprived. Eeh. reads 
 ots, instead of ol, but is inclined to ot kciI. Nes. now reads ots, though in 
 a former edition he omitted it, and put no word in its place. Hes. has ots. 
 Ch. has koI, which is not supported by the best MS. authority. — t& fiev 
 &XXct o-icoirw : an abrupt change in the construction, which would be ac- 
 companied by a marked change in the tone and manner of the speaker. — 
 &v %X&v, though I might, etc. — oVtis (obj. of op&Tt), attracted to the case 
 of the suppressed anteced. too-cujttjs. — epr|p,tas with 4imXr!}xp.evot (eirt- 
 Xap-Pdva)) : having come upon a destitution (of rivals), so great as you all see, or 
 more freely rendered, you all see how great.— Kctl AaK- .... a7roXcoXcTG>v, 
 ©t]P- .... ovtwv, twv 8' ctXXtov kt!. These clauses I understand as ex- 
 planatory of €p?]p.ias : when even the Lacedaemonians have been overthroivn (in 
 the battle of Leuctra, 371 b. c. and more completely at Mantinea, in 362 
 B. c, more than ten years befoi'e the delivery of this oration, and the The- 
 bans are fully occupied (in the war with the Phocians), and when no one of the 
 other (Greeks) is, etc. — d|toxpe&> : gen. sing. Att. 2d declens. — e£bv kt!. 
 (ace. abs.), when it is permitted to us both, etc. — to. Tjiigrepct (= Tjfioov, and 
 hence the gen.) currcGv. H. 675, b ; S. Gr. 460, a ; G. § 137, Note 1 : to 
 hold our own possessions securely. 
 
DEMOSTHENES. OLYNTHIAO III. 153 
 
 § 28. dvTj\coKa|i€V : dvaXlcrKG). — ovroi : i. e. ot \py\a-ro\ 01 vvv, § 27. 
 
 — T|o-Kir|Ka|JL€v : do-Kcw. — iroGev aXXoGev . . . . •$] Trap* : in what other' way 
 .... than by: lit. whence, etc. 
 
 § 29. dXX' (3 tcLv, .... '4\ei. The orator supposes some one to make 
 this remark to him, and then replies to it in Kal tI . . . . 'iyoi : and what 
 (of those things in the city) would one be able to mention (as being in a better 
 condition than the foreign affairs) ? — el ravra <j>avX<os, sc. tyti. — to,s 
 eirdXf-eis .... Kal Xt|pous : the battlements .... and trifles ? Would any- 
 one be able to mention these ? Dem. thus alludes to the paltry internal 
 improvements of the city, which were chiefly under the direction of Eubu- 
 lus. — tovs .... iroXiTf-uop.-, those managing these things. — (rejivoTepas, 
 finer, grander. 
 
 § 30. Tt 8t|, sc. ecrrl. — tI 8tj ttote : adv. ace, why in the world. — Sti, 
 causal. — air- twv d-yaGcSv : neut. of all the emoluments. — d"ya*irr|Tbv . . . . 
 6icdo-Ta> : it was enough for each of the others (i. e. each of those in public life). 
 
 — irapd rov 8r|fiou .... p-gTaXapeiv, to receive from the people a share in, etc. 
 § 31. vvv Se : contrasted with to uev irpwrov above : at the first, i. e. 
 
 originally, formerly, .... but now. Dind. reads irpdrepov, instead of r-pooTov 
 above. — Sid tovtcov, through these, i. e. the public men. — 6 Stjuos : appos. 
 with vjxets. — eKvevevpio-uevoi : eKveupi£co. — ir6piT]pTi[xevot (irepiaipew), de- 
 prived of money, of allies. — Iv .... p-epei "ye-yevr] <r0e : H. 618, a; S. Gr. 
 448, b : you have fallen into the position of, etc. — d-yairiovTes, Lex. d"yairda>, 
 II. — i] Bot|8- irc'p.\{/wcriv, or (if) they send (you) Boedromia: usually ren- 
 dered, or if they celebrate the B. with a procession. See Lex., also Die. Antiqq. 
 on the Boedromia. It is supposed Eubulus may have added some unusual 
 attractions (perhaps a feast) to the last Boedromia, so as to give this allu- 
 sion special point. — to .... dvSpeioTCtTov, and the manliest thing of all {is 
 the fact that) : bitterly ironical. — tcSv . *. . . avriav : gen. of cause : the 
 iiora. would be toi {ip-eTep* avToiv. Cf. § 27. — X°r HV frpoa-ocpeLXere, you owe 
 (them) thanks besides (irpocr-) for, etc. 
 
 § 32. eV-n (note the accent) it is possible. — piya. .... TrpdrrovTes, 
 that (persons) doing small and mean things lay hold of a great and noble purpose. 
 A noteworthy sentiment : ({jpovriua may be rendered by various words, as 
 thought, purpose, resolution, spirit, mind, no one of which seems entirely ade- 
 quate. — &TTa (rls) generalizes oiroia, like our ever or soever. — dvd-yKi], sc. 
 co-tl, it is unavoidable, inevitable: ^X €IV > sc - ^ T0 ^, that they possess, etc. — 
 TaiiTa, obj. of dirovri (causal), for having spoken these things. — t«3v TreirctT]- 
 kotwv = i] to is iTeiroi^Koo-iv, if greater harm from you should come upon me 
 .... than upon those, etc. : the gen. depends on the comparative u€i|«v. 
 
 § 33. 'Edv oSv dXXd vvv y cti : a rather unusual accumulation of par- 
 ticles, serving to call special attention to the new and more hopeful train 
 of thought. The corresponding English expressions would be very un- 
 wieldy. But if therefore now, at least, henceforth. — Kal .... xpTJo-Tjo-Oe : 
 the force of lav extends over this clause : and (if) you will use, etc. — d<{>op- 
 uats : appos. with the preceding Tais .... TauTais, these superfluities at 
 home, as means for (securing), etc. Eeference is again made to the theoric 
 
154 NOTES. 
 
 funds : t»v a"ya0»v limits to. Qu, foreign advantages. — t'<r«s &v, iVws : re- 
 peated, and uttered with great deliberation for rhetorical effect. — t<3v 
 .... Xt] (xjxaTtov, from such gains, i. e. the theorica. — tois kt!.: an uncer- 
 tain passage. Does tois belong to o-itUhs or to d<r0€vovou ? The sense 
 suggests the former ; the arrangement the latter. Cobet and Dind. (3d edit.) 
 propose to omit dorGevovo-i, and this seems to be approved of by Wes. Tak- 
 ing the common reading, which I have retained, it seems to me most 
 naturally rendered, which resemble food given by physicians to the sick. Ch. 
 renders <n/riois gruel ; Heslop, diet. — eKeiva, i. e. the food of the sick ; 
 ravra, i. e. the theorica, subj. of k<nlv and of Id: nor do they allow {you), 
 having given {them) up ( dircryvovTas : diro-yi/yvtoo-KU)) to do, etc. — &tti (regu- 
 larly accented thus after dXX') ravra. .... lirau£dvovTa, these are the things 
 that augment, etc. 
 
 § 34. Observe the distinction between ovkovv and ovkovv. See Lex. 
 — juo-0oc}>opdv, pay for military 'service. — teal irapaxp'np.d 76 kt!., yes, and 
 forthwith the same arrangement for all. — twv koivwv .... to p.epos, his 
 share of the public rewards. — otou .... inrdp\oi, might be that, whatever it 
 is, which the state at any time might require: Scoito, pres. denoting something 
 continued or repeated. — 2£e<rn.v ktI., hypothetical ; Is it permitted to keep 
 quiet ? So also below, <rvp,j3aiv€i kt!., &tti tis ktI. are hypothetical. Cf. 
 Kal vvv .... (BeXrio-Ta, § 18. It is more natural in English to put all 
 such expressions in the interrogative form, and I have punctuated them 
 accordingly. Keh., Wes., and other German editt. have a colon after each. 
 Dind. has, after each hypothetical clause, a colon in § 34, but an interroga- 
 tion-point in § 18. This is not consistent. The participles, jw'vwv, xnrdp- 
 X<ov, and below, the 2d Xap,f3dv«v are closely connected in grammatical 
 construction with {jTrdpxoi, being epexegetical. It is easier to render each 
 as a verb : he would stay at home, a better (citizen) . ... he would be himself a 
 soldier .... these he would receive in equitable order. — fJeX/rtcov is bracketed 
 by Dind., and can easily be dispensed with. — astro, from, supported by. — 
 $jto tt)s TjXiKias, beyond the military age, i. e. at the highest point, sixty 
 years ; but often some age below this was fixed by popular vote for particu- 
 lar campaigns, as forty-five. Cf. § 4. — ocra .... Xajif3dva>v ovk w^eXtf, 
 whatever this one now receives irregularly without performing any service : lit. 
 receiving does not perform, etc. 
 
 § 35. oXcos 8e, and on the whole, and in a word, thus introducing the 
 summing up of what is said above. — ovt' d<J>eXwv (dc^aipe'co) o#t€ irpoo-Gels, 
 neither taking away, nor adding {anything). — ttXtjv |xiKpwv, except some small 
 things, referring to the proposed reform in the use of the theoric funds. — 
 t^v o.roJtf.o.v dveXaiv .... ^-yo/yov, having abolished the disorder, I led, etc., i. e. 
 in the plan indicated in the foregoing speech. The orator thus speaks of 
 it as something already accomplished. It would seem to us more natural 
 to put the idea in the form, / would lead, etc. — ri\v o.vrf\v with rd£iv, obj. 
 of iroirjo-as, having introduced the same {uniform) system for receiving money, 
 etc.: tov 8iK-,/or acting as juror. — 2x oi > sc - iroieiv, shoidd be able {to do). 
 Note the omission of &v with ^x ot : a hypothetical relative sentence, the 
 
ARM AN II. 155 
 
 idea of past time in ^"ycryov still preserved. H. 757 ; S. Gr. 523, e ; G. 
 § 232, 4. Such a relative sentence is in idea a protasis, rather than an 
 apodosis, and hence the omission of &v. — ovk '4<rriv tfirov .... etirov : 
 nowhere did I say : lit. there is not a place where, etc. H. 812; S. Gr. 556; 
 G. § 152, Note 2. — jat]8€v, obj. of ttoiovo-iv (particip. dat. pi.) : emphat. 
 posit. — to, twv iroi- : obj. of vefJieiv. — ov8' .... diropeiv, nor (did I pro- 
 pose, sc. etirov) that we ourselves be lazy and idle and poor. — Sti kt4., explana- 
 tory of TavTa (obj. of -rrvvOdv-) and that we learn these things, that the merce- 
 naries, etc. — Seivos : H. 245 ; S. Gr. 683, a ; G. § 85. 
 
 § 36. Kal i>|xas virlp vjxwv avriav, that you also for yourselves, etc., the 
 burden of all the Philippics. — \t.i\ Trapayjiapiiv .... tt)s t<x£- .... ttjs 
 dp-, and that you do not withdraw from the post of valor, which, etc.: i\v, obj. 
 both of KTT]<rd|i€voi and of KaT&iirov. — ^\oi<r0€ : optat. of wishing, with- 
 out &v : may you choose. 
 
 AEEIAN'S ANABASIS OF ALEXAKDEE THE 
 GEEAT. 
 
 Arrian, a native of ISTicomedeia in Bithynia ; was born towards the 
 end of the first century, a. d. He was a pupil of the Stoic philoso- 
 pher Epictetus, and appears to have been a close student of the writ- 
 ings of Xenophon. His Anabasis of Alexander is the best account 
 which has come down to us from the ancient world of the campaigns 
 of the great conqueror. For a full account of these campaigns the 
 student is referred to the histories of Greece, especially to that of 
 Grote ; and for the life and writings of Arrian, to the Classical Dic- 
 tionary. 
 
 In preparing his work, Arrian appears to have studied, as his chief 
 authorities, the narrative of Ptolemy, son of Lagus, known as Ptolemy 
 I. of Egypt, an intimate friend of Alexander's, and that of Aristobu- 
 lus, son of Aristobulus, also one of the companions of Alexander. 
 Cf. II. 11, 8; VII. 26, 3, and 28, 1. 
 
 BOOK II. — Chapters 10, 11. 
 
 BATTLE OF ISSUS, B. C. 333. 
 
 Alexander has already marched out of Cilicia (or Kilikia, as Grote writes 
 it), through Issus, as far as Myriandrus. He is here informed that Darius 
 has passed over Mt. Amanus into Cilicia and captured Issus. Alexander 
 hastens back, and an engagement takes place near Issus (called in Xen. 
 Anab. Issi). 
 
156 NOTES. 
 
 Chap. lO. Ovtco 8tj. The disposition of the forces on both sides is 
 described just before this. — reray\x.ivov<s (sc. avToxis, i. e. his soldiers) : 
 obj. of irporiYcv, also of dvairavcov (trans.). — xpdvov Tivd with irpofj-ycv. 
 When now they had thus been drawn up, he led them forward, often halting for 
 rest (lit. causing them to halt, etc. The pres. particip. denotes the repetition 
 of the act). — dircos, temporal. — dvTeirfj'y 6 : dvTt, eiri, d-yco. — Zcrn 84 tfirov 
 
 I'va : but in some places (H. 812 ; S. Gr. 556 ; G. § 152, Note 2) 
 
 where. — irapaTeivas agrees with Aapeios. - — €uec|>o8coT€pa 4<j>aiv€TO : impers. 
 with neut. plur. adj. when (the banks) appeared easier to pass. — ttj "yvcop-Tj 
 8eSovXcop.4vos, in mind enslaved, disheartened. (Sint. entmuthigt.) — 2. tw 
 .... Kocrp.a> : with becoming honor. — ocroi .... ■fjo-av, as many as were 
 more known for worth or some brave achievement. — 3. 4v dirdirTw .... ^x wv > 
 having already in distant view, already seeing in the distance. — tov jxtj : H. 
 781, a ; S. Gr. 429, b ; G. § 262, 2 : Kup/qvav (Kup.aivco), aor. particip. agree- 
 ing with tI : that no part of the line, swelling like a wave in the more rapid 
 march, might be drawn away (from the main army). — Ivtos (34Xovs ((34Xos), 
 within the reach of, etc. — 4-yi/yvovTo : note the force of the imperf. — cos .... 
 eKirXti|ai .... teal tov, so as to terrify .... and to the end that (cf. tov 
 p.?] above), etc. — 4s x e ^P as > i nto c ^ ose combat. — 4. Tavrr], r\: advs. here, 
 where. — ol "EXXijves, repeated after a long succession of clauses, subj. of 
 4|j.pdXXoucriv. — 8iea-)(€ (Sie'xto) .... cos ... . irapappaYctcra (irapap- 
 pr\yvv\u), was parted (lit. was or had itself apart) , since it was broken towards 
 the right wing. — 5. 4|c60a : 4£, co04co. — T] |avTO : &t7tco. — 8ico-7racrjxevtiv : 
 8ta<rirdco. — 6. tcov p.4v, tcov MaKtSdveov 84: limit to '4p"yov. — d-n-coo-a <r0ai 
 (dirco04co), dvao-c6o-ao-0ai (dva<rc6£<o) : in tin. denoting purpose, and explana- 
 tory of KopTspdv: the action in this place was vigorous, on the part of these (the 
 mercenary Greeks with Darius) to drive back, etc., .... and on the part of 
 the Macedonians not to be left behind, etc. — us dfJidxov .... 8iaP€|3oTjp.4vT]s 
 (8ta(3odco), celebrated as invincible, etc. — 7. Kai -rt Kal .... tjnX-, and 
 something of emulation also. — o£k f j [AeX'j]p.4vcov, not neglected, not obscure, i. e. 
 distinguished. 
 
 Chap, lie ko,t& trepds : opposite themselves. — 4irl .... 4iriKdp.\|/avT€s : 
 wheeling towards the foreign mercenaries of etc. (lit. the foreigners, the merce- 
 naries, those of, etc.). — atiTovs. The foreign mercenaries. — -rrapeppco-yds : 
 TrapappTj-yvvjxi. — 2. cvtos tov TroTap.ov, within the river, on this side of the 
 river, i. e. on the side where the battle was raging, and where the Persian 
 army was drawn up. — evpwcrrcos : see Lex. evpeocrros. — o-uYKoirevTas : 
 tnryKdinrto. — 3. Xap/irpd t€ Kal 4k 7rdvTcov, decided and universal (more lit. 
 both plain and on all sides). — Kal .... d-rroxtopovvTes, and withdrawing in 
 terror with disorder. — ov \t,elov, with 4pXdiTT0VT0. — ov p.€iov $\ cos iregtov : 
 lit. not less than as if of footmen, i. e. there arose, in the fight, no less slaughter 
 of the horsemen, than as if they had been footmen. Some editors omit cos, and 
 then it would read, not less slaughter of the horsemen than of footmen. — 
 4. avT<5 : dat. of interest in looser relations. — cos d\iv, as he was = without 
 delay. — 5. avTOv, adv. there. — KavSw. Occurs in Xen. Anab. 1, 5, 8. — 
 ov Sid jxaKpov (sc. \p6vov) eiu-yevoixevn, coming on not long after. — avTov 
 
ARM AN II. 157 
 
 to . . . . d\<3vcu : two aces, with a verb of depriving ; lit. took {from) him 
 the being captured, etc., i. e. prevented his being, etc. ■ — 7. Kal -yap Kal T| 
 8£co£is kt€., for even the pursuit on his part had been tardier. — ttjs <j>d\ayyos, 
 of his phalanx, refers to the breaking of the Macedonian phalanx : eirt-o-Tpe- 
 \j/as, wheeling about : Kal avTos, even he himself: dirutrOe'vTas, diroOe'a). — 
 8. eirl TpaviKw, on the Granicus (or Granikus), a river not far east of the 
 Hellespont, flowing north, and emptying into the Propontis. The battle 
 of Granicus was Alexander's first engagement with the Persians. It took 
 place in the spring of 334 b. c, a year and a half before the battle of Issus. 
 — els . • • . p.vpid8as, to the number of about ten, etc. (100,000). "Of the 
 Macedonians we are told that 300 foot and 150 horse were killed." Grote. 
 A surprisingly small number, compared with the loss on the Persian side. 
 ■ — |vve-7ricr7rdp,€vos : £i>v, £"""£, eirojAai (aor. Icnrdp/rjv). - — 9. to tc (rrpaT- .... 
 k% €<f>d8ov, and the camp .... immediately on the first attack. — avT-fj .... 
 d8e\<j>T|, and she herself (was) sister also. Sint. remarks that dSeX^rj was, 
 according to recent researches, only an honorary title of the wife of a 
 Persian king, not denoting any actual blood relationship. — vifjmos, six 
 years old, according to Diodorus and Curtius. — Ilepo-cov .... ■vwaiKes : 
 wives of Persian noblemen (or peers) : lit. of the noblemen of (the) Persians. — 
 £vv .... KaTao-K€vf], with the rest of their baggage. Note the expression, in- 
 dicating the position of woman among the Persians ; with the rest of, etc. — 
 10. eirel Kal Aapetos, since Darius also: subj. of ireirdp^ei (irep/iuo). — Kal 
 .... 8p.tos, even though in a military campaign. — eiri with gen., in the time 
 of. — 'A0T]vaiois with dp;<ovTos having the const, of a particip. Cf. Thucyd. 
 I. 93, 2, 'AOrjvaCois '^p^ev : freely rendered, while Nicocrdtes was archon 
 among the Athenians : p/qvbs Maip.aK-, gen. of time, in the month Maemacte- 
 rion (which included the latter part of October and the first part of Novem- 
 ber). "No victory recorded in history was ever more complete in itself, 
 or more far-reaching in its consequences, than that of Issus." Grote, 
 Ch. XCIII. 
 
 After this battle, Alexander does not hasten towards Babylon, as might 
 have been expected, but continues his march southward, wishing first to 
 gain possession of the entire Mediterranean coast belonging to Persia, so 
 that no naval expedition might be sent out against Macedonia or Greece 
 or any place in his rear. Not long after the battle of Issus overtures are 
 received from Darius, and are at once rejected. During the siege of Tyre 
 Alexander received again envoys and a letter from Darius. This event 
 and the reply of Alexander are described by Arrian as follows : — 
 
 Book II. Ch. 2«5» "En 8£ . . . . 'AXcf-dvSpov : While Alexander was 
 still engaged, etc. Plutarch and Diodorus assign a nrnch later date to this 
 event. — dirayye'WovTes .... eGeXeiv .... Aapeiov, announcing that Da- 
 rius teas willing, etc. — ri\v 8e x^P av • • • • etvai- yr)p.avTa (-yauew) .... 
 'AXc^- .... eivai : bear in mind cGe'Xeiv. — 2. Xeyouo-iv : subj. general: 
 they say. — dv with Tj-ydirrjo-s, ivould be contented. — <ov : condit. if he were 
 Al. : eirl toijtois, on these (terms). — 8ti Kal avTos, that he himself also: dv 
 with girpagev, would do thus (as Parmenio recommended). Notice here, and 
 
158 NOTES. 
 
 above (r\ya.ir'r\<re), the aorist with &v of present time. — eirel .... diro- 
 KpivccrGai (in const, depends on d/rroKpCvao-Ocu : we might expect here 6ti 
 with indie, pres. or fut.) : but since he is Alex., he replies, etc. — 3. elvai 
 . . . . avTov, belonged to himself ( referring to the subj. of &J>t], i. e. Alex.). 
 
 — -yf)|xai (-yap-eco) : emphat. posit. — &v, with eGeXrj, = 4dv : and if he shall 
 wish to marry, etc., that he would marry (her), etc. Notice the force of ov 
 with the particip., even on the direct refusal of Darius (more lit. even when D. 
 did not give his consent). — cuitov, Darius: adrov, Al. — A more insolent 
 and haughty reply cannot well be conceived of. — dire"yv<j> : dTrcyt-yvwo-Kto. 
 
 After this point in the narrative follows the siege of Gaza, the conquest 
 of Egypt, the founding of Alexandria, the visit to the temple and oracle 
 of Zeus Ammon, the return from Egypt through Phoenicia, the crossing 
 of the Euphrates at Thapsacus, and of the Tigris above Nineveh, and the 
 battle of Arbela. The actual battle-field, however, was about thirty miles 
 west of Arbela, in the neighborhood of Gaugamela, near the river Bumo- 
 dus, about thirty miles southeast of the modern city Mosul. Darius is 
 said to have had in his army 1,000,000 of infantry, 40,000 cavalry, 200 
 scythed chariots, and fifteen elephants (now mentioned for the first time in 
 a field of battle). The engagement occurred near the 1st of October, 331 
 B. c, about two years after the battle of Issus. 
 
 BOOK III. — Chapters 14, 15. 
 
 BATTLE OF ARBELA (OR GAUGAMELA). 
 
 Chap. 14. 4itt]Y€v (em, towards, against, and &-yw) : note the force of 
 the imperf. — €irl Ke'pcos (Ke'pas), in column. — 2. !k(3ot]0-, attrib. posit.: 
 irapappT)|dvTwv (irapd, p-^-yvupui), predicate posit. : but when the horsemen, that 
 had gone to render assistance against those .... had broken at the side a cer- 
 tain part, etc. — Imo-TpeSJ/as, sc. 'AXe'f;-. — wenrep ^pfB-, as it were a wedge. 
 
 — tt)s .... €TaipiKf)s, both of the companion-cavalry. See Die. Antiqq. 
 p. 488, b. The companion-cavalry in the army of Alex, were composed 
 of the best Macedonian and Grecian (chiefly Thessalian) horsemen, and 
 formed a sort of body-guard for the king. — 3. XP° V0V KT *« Note the force 
 of the ace. — w9t<rp.ois xp^ivoi, pushing onward (lit. using pushings or 
 thrustings). — k<x! .... k6tttovt€s, "and with their short pikes thrusting at 
 the faces" etc. (Grote). — TretppisciHa (fypitrtroi) , bristling. — <rapUr<rais. The 
 ordinary length of the famous Macedonian sarissa was 24 feet. To under- 
 stand how this formidable weapon could be used, see Die. Antiqq., p. 488. 
 
 — irdvTa .... Seivd : subj. of Itjjaivero (appeared to, presented themselves 
 before, etc.). — Kal (intens.) .... ovti, who was already even long before ter- 
 rified. — The force of ws extends to this point, and irpwros begins the prin- 
 cipal sentence. — ot .... to Kg'pas : cf. § 1, above. — Ip-PaXovTwv with 
 Taiv ircpl 'Ap-, when Aretes and his men, etc. — 4. 4>vyrj : without the ar- 
 ticle, pred., there was, etc. — 2i|Ap.tav. Commander of one of the six divis- 
 ions (Tdijeis) of the Macedonian phalanx. — av-rov, there, i. e. on the spot 
 where they ceased to rush on with Alexander in the pursuit. — 5. ttjs 
 
ARM AN III. 159 
 
 Taboos, when their line, etc. Above, § 4, Taijis means a division of the pha- 
 lanx. — kclto. to Sie'xov, at the opening, occasioned by the sudden halt of 
 Simmias, while the other division-commanders still pressed on.— dvdirXois 
 tois iroXXois, on men for the most part unarmed, i. e. those who were in the 
 Macedonian camp. — irpoo-SoK-, particip. dat. pi. — 6. erriTCT-, drawn up 
 behind. The army of Alex, was drawn up in two lines (phalanxes), one be- 
 hind the other. — to 717-. Note the force of the pres. particip.; what was 
 going on. — ofjews with |A€Ta(3aXdvTes ri\v Td|iv, having quickly faced about. 
 
 — •girep irapTjyyeXTO avTOis, as had been enjoined upon them, i. e. before the 
 battle. — duejn .... £vvex-> occupied with, etc. — 01 8e : correl. with-iroX- 
 Xovs p.e'v : but others of them, etc. — kcito, Kepas, in flank, with eve'^aXov. 
 
 Chap. 15. dp.<JH|3dXc«>v .... twv MaK- : while the Mac. were at first 
 {being) attacked on all sides. — to kcito. o-«|>ds, sc. Kepas, his wing (lit. the 
 wing by themselves), subj. of ijvve'xcTai. — <rvv ttj . . . . eralpcov, with his 
 companion-cavalry. Cf. 14, 2, note. — tois T€ . . . . KpaTio-Tois : appos. 
 with tois iTTTrdio-i : the Parthians, and some (H. 812 ; S. Gr. 556 ; G. § 152, 
 Note 2) of the Indians, and Persians, {ivho were) the most numerous and bravest 
 (i. e. of the fugitive horsemen of the enemy). — 2. 4s pdPos .... TtTo/y- 
 [xevoi : drawn up in file. — 01a 8tj IXtjSov, since {they were), as I have said 
 (Srj), in distinct companies. This fact was mentioned in ch. 13. The com- 
 panies, it seems, were drawn up in distinct and parallel files. — r£ after 
 (3d6os, correl. of the following ko.1 : not easily rendered, without over- 
 translating. — fjirep .... SCktj : which is the manner of a cavalry-action. — 
 irds tis : appos. with the subj. of eirei'yc'iJi.evoi : but hastening individually to 
 break through, etc. — ota 8t| . . . . d"y<ovi£d|ievoi, because now they contended 
 no longer for another's victory, but, etc. — 3. 8ie£e7reo-ov, escaped through, lit. 
 fell out through. — irpoo-p.ilai with e-yyvs, near {enough) to engage with, to at- 
 tack. — ovx .... Zpyov, did not leave {anything) of the engagement remaining 
 for Al. — dXXd -yap : a sentence introduced by the adversative dXXd and 
 the causal ydp, a twofold connection. In the more frequent kcxI -yap we 
 have a copulative and a causal conjunction, also a double connection. It 
 seems to me quite unnecessary to suppose any ellipsis between these words. 
 In koA Yap oSv we have a threefold connection, copulative (or intensive), 
 causal, and illative. It is usual to render only the last word in each phrase. 
 
 — 5. eo-T€ eVi kt!., till towards midnight. — upovx^pei : •n-poxwpe'w tows 
 
 irdvTas .... o-TaSiovs kt!., through the entire number of stadia amounting to 
 about six hundred from, etc., ace. of extent : 8tw£as, intrans. — aSQis. The 
 chariot and other articles belonging to Darius were taken after the battle 
 of Issus. Cf. II. 14, 6. — 6. 4s eKaTov. Diodorus says els trevTaKocriovs. 
 In either case a surprisingly small number, compared with the loss of the 
 enemy. We cannot expect much historical accuracy in these statements 
 of the numbers slain. — inrep tovs x 1 ^ - : article with a numeral. H. 528 ; 
 S. Gr. 383, b ; more than a thousand (the nearest round number) : xikiovs, 
 adj. sc. tu-iro^s. — 01 Tjjiio-ses. Note here tj|xio-\)s with art. H. 536 ; S. Gr. 
 382 ; sc. ■fjo-av, and of these about half belonged to, etc. — eKiyovro : subj. 
 indef. there were said to be {men) to tlie number of etc. — 7. Tovto .... 
 
160 . NOTES. 
 
 e-yeVeTO, such was, etc. — p/nvbs IIvave\J/-, in the month Pyanepsion (including 
 the latter half of October and the first half of November) : "an error in 
 statement. The eclipse of the moon occurred on the night of Sept. 20 - 21st, 
 and the battle Oct. 1st, i. e. both occurred in the Attic month Maeraacte- 
 rion." Sint. — 'Apia-TcLvSpo £we'pT) : resulted favorably to Aristandrus. — 
 cv otcj) = ev <S. Note this later use of '6<rns, referring to a definite anteced. 
 — ttjv re . . . . "ygve'crOat : exegetical of tj pavrcia : both respecting the occur- 
 rence of the battle and the victory to Alexander. The eclipse of the moon, ten 
 days before the battle, had greatly alarmed the army ; but their fears were 
 allayed by the prophecy of Aristandrus, here repeated in substance. 
 
 "The defeat of Arbela was in fact the death-blow of the Persian em- 
 pire." Grote. 
 
 Darius flees in all haste to the mountains of Armenia northward, thence 
 to Media. Alexander marches directly upon Babylon and Susa ; after- 
 wards to Persepolis. In the next seven years he has proceeded eastward 
 as far as India, and has returned to Babylon. 
 
 BOOK VII. Chapters 24, 25, 26, 28. 
 
 DEATH AND CHARACTER OF ALEXANDER. 323 B. C. 
 
 Chap. 24. 'AXXd -yap. Cf. note 111, 15, 3. In the narrative just 
 preceding Arrian had spoken of the death of Hephaestion, Alexander's most 
 intimate friend ; and had expressed his disapproval of some of the proceed- 
 ings of Alexander. — o-tj|xt]vcu i&r^aCvia) : "intrans." Sint. and some- 
 what the following cdso pointed to the future (lit. before the coming events indi- 
 cated (them), says Arist.) Some, however, may prefer to understand ti as 
 obj. of o-rjjjtfjvai. — avTov (Alex.), subj. of KdraXoyJ-l^v. Bear in mind 
 here, and in the following sentences, Xe-ysi : that he ivas distributing, etc. 
 2. kXlvcis (subst. ), subj. of eivcu, and that there were, etc. — nvd, subj. of 
 dvaPfjycu and Ka0a|-, that a certain one rf the common -people (lit. of the neg- 
 lected men) .... both went up, etc. — 4v cpvXctK'Q d5e<rp.a>, in custody without 
 being bound, in free custody, on parole. — 'ipr^mv with rbv 0p- : ISovra with 
 nvd. — 3. ovx with iniiri. in orat. obliq. dvao-T^o-ai 1st aor. trans. — 
 -jrepipp-qlapivous (-irepipp-qyvv\i.i), sc. tous Se, and that these (the eunuchs) 
 having rent (their garments) all around. — [XTjiroTe kt!., ivishing to know whether 
 or not, etc. — rbv Si, and that he, the one who was put to torture. — 6tl jxtj, 
 except, used after a neg. sent. — 4-n-l vow ol 4X0dv : may be taken as ace. 
 abs., or less naturally, I think, as obj. of Trpd|ai (infin. The optat. would 
 be paroxytone) : when it came into his mind. — -^ : conj. — kcu p,dXXov with 
 e|r]7o0vTO. — |up,j3fjvai, subj. indef. that it happened to him for, ate. — 4. KaC 
 Tivas Kal Ik p-avTsias, and certain (sacrifices) also in obedience to (4k) a 
 prophecy, obj. of t«0ukws (0tj«). — 'i-rnve. Mark the force of the imperf. — 
 irdppw tcSv vvktmv (plur. as often with reference to the Avatches of the 
 night), far into the night — ettrlv ol, there are some who, or simply, some. — 
 irapd ol, with him, at his house. French, chez lui. 
 
 Chap. 25. al j3a<r- £<f>T>jxsp£Ses, the royal ephemerides, or Court Journal. 
 
ARM AN VII. 161 
 
 Kal a§0is, and again, i. e. the following evening. — irh/eiv. "Diodorus 
 states (XVII. 117) that Alexander, on this convivial night, swallowed the 
 contents of a large goblet, called the cup of Herakles, and felt very ill after 
 it." Grote. — eptpa/yeiv : eveo-Glco. — 2. a>s vop-os, sc. r\v aww, as his custom 
 was. — tcL lepd em0e'vTa, having placed the victims (on the altar). — e"o-T€ eirl 
 Kve'<f>as, even till dark, the close of the third day. — virep .... irXov, re- 
 specting the march and the voyage. He had planned a great naval expedition 
 down the Persian Gulf, around the coast of Arabia, and up the Eed Sea. 
 — tovs p-e'v .... tovs 8e <l(Jta oi irXe'ovTes : the one (party) .... but those 
 sailing with him, subj. of irapao-K-. — a>s kt|., as if to go, as if to sail. But 
 the plan formed was never to be carried out. — 4s ... . T|pe'pav : els 
 ir€|XTrTT]v. Our idiom, on the fourth day, etc., does not present with exact- 
 ness the Greek conception, in which the attention is directed into the midst 
 of the time specified. — 3. Is ... . vcrrepcuav. The fourth day. — els 
 .... Kapdpav, into his chamber. Plut. says els tov 0dXapov. — 4. KOfu- 
 o-Ge'vTO. .... Kap.-, i. e. after he had taken supper. — rfj 8e va-repaia: i. e. 
 the fifth. — oirws eVTcu : that they (everything pertaining to the voyage) be 
 (in readiness). — tyj iktt-, the sixth. — ovKe'Tt eXivvvetv (or eXivveiv) irvpeV- 
 «rovTa, that he no longer had any respite from fever. — t]St] exeiv kcikws, that he 
 was already seriously ill. — 5. ttj vo-t-, the seventh day. — ex oVTa: concess., 
 though, etc. — ttj emovcrT] : the eighth day. — 6. es . . . . vo-Tepatav. Cf. 
 note on es . . • • 'Hpspa-v, § 2 : strictly, at some point of time extending into 
 the next day : comm. rendered, on the next day. The ninth day. — -yvwvcu 
 .... (JKovqcrat .... etvai. The subj. is readily supplied : that he knew 
 them, etc. — K<xl ttjv vvkto, irupeVo-eiv kt4., and that through the night he had 
 a high fever and through the day (the tenth day), and the next night and day 
 (the eleventh). 
 
 Chap. 26. tov Gdvo/rov : subj. of emKpv7r-, that his death was concealed 
 by, etc. — tovs ttoXXoxjs .... (!kdo-acr0ai depends on ava/ye'-ypa-irTcu above : 
 but that the most (of them) by reason of sorrow and longing for . . . .forced their 
 way in to see, etc. — 8e|ioi)o-0ai .... ckcio-tovs, but that he extended his hand 
 to them severally. — 2. irpos 8e' : adv., and besides. — eireptoTcov (eiri, epwTaw) 
 takes for subj. the names above. — el Xwov ko.1 dp-avov, whether it would be 
 more prof table and better: a common expression in consulting an oracle. — 
 pe'vovTi, sc. a-uTw : lit. that it would be better for him staying where he was 
 (avTov), Eng. idiom, to stay, etc. — 3. TavTa ..... eTCupovs, that his com- 
 panions reported (to Alexander) these things (the reply of the god). — ws 
 tovto . . . . 6v (ace. abs. H. 793 ; S. Gr. 544, a ; G." § 278, Note) : as if 
 this (i. e. death) were, etc. — ov iroppco totjtcov, not far from, etc., i. e. not 
 dissimilar, not unlike these statements. — tovs It-, subj. of epe'cr0ai, that his 
 companions asked, etc. — oVi in oratio recta, not always rendered, may be 
 represented in Eng. by quotation-marks. So here : he replied, "to the strong- 
 est." — oi 8e', sc. dve'-ypa'-l/av. — irpoo-0eivai, that he (Alex.) added. 
 
 In the 27th chapter Arrian speaks of the report that Alexander died from 
 the effects of poison, and that it had even been sent by his old friend and 
 teacher Aristotle ; also of the report that Alexander wished to cast him- 
 11 
 
162 NOTES. 
 
 self into the Euphrates, and thus disappear suddenly, to the end that he 
 might be worshipped as a god. Arrian discredits these reports. Niebuhr 
 (Vortrage, II. 506) remarks, that Alexander was sick quite too long a time 
 to have died of poison. 
 
 Chap. 28. ' AQ-qv-qo-iv: H. 205; S. Gr. 113; G. § 61, N. 2.— tov 
 Tptrov, sc. £rovs. — oktw. Diodorus says ctttou — 'Apio-ToPovXos was son 
 of Aristobiilus, one of the companions of Alexander ; wrote a history of 
 Alex., to which Arrian makes frequent reference. — tovtovs. Note the 
 position of the demonst. (H. 538, a, end), between the art. and subst. ; yet 
 it does not follow directly after the article. — 2. t|8ovwv ktL, in sensual 
 pleasures, he was most temperate, and in intellectual enjoyments, he was most in- 
 satiate of praise alone. — |vvi8eiv .... SeivoTaros, he was most skilful to dis- 
 cern, etc. It would seem as though Arrian must have had in mind the 
 description of Themistocles, Thucyd. I. 138. — to cIkos .... €7titvx€- 
 o-tcitos, most fortunate to seize upon that which was reasonable. — 6ir\£<rcu .... 
 Koo"p.T]<rat explain Tdfjcu, most expert to marshal an army, both to equip and to 
 arrange (it). — tw. . . . avrov : dat. of means, by his own daring. — 3. #<r<x 
 .... 7rpai-ai : Kr. and Sint. make the infin. depend on oVa, a rare const.: 
 and, accordingly, even whatever (was) to be done (lit. was to do) in that which 
 was obscure, etc. So also in the next sentence, 6cra .... {«|>ap7rd<rat 
 (iiird, dpira£a>), whatever (possessions) of the enemy (needed) to be taken (lit. to 
 take) by anticipation (<j>0d(ras), or by getting the start (of the enemy). With 
 this explanation, <j>0d<ras agrees with the implied subj. of (K^apirdo-ai, 
 which is the same as the leading subject of the sentence, hence in the 
 nominat. — irplv .... €<rdp.eva, before any one even feared what was actually 
 going on (avrd),as impending. — t& £vvt€0€ vra, formal engagements: 6p.oX.o- 
 yr\Q4vra, verbal engagements. , - 
 
 Arrian continues his sketch of the character of Alexander through two 
 additional chapters, which are here omitted. "With these he concludes his 
 Anabasis of Alexander. 
 
 "The death of Alexander, thus suddenly cut off by a fever, in the pleni- 
 tude of health, vigor, and aspirations, was an event impressive as well as 
 important, in the highest possible degree, to his contemporaries far and 
 near." Grote. 
 
 THE TIMON" OF LUCIAK 
 
 The dialect of this writer (160 a. d.) is called the Eevived Attic. 
 For his life and writings, see Class. Diet. 
 
 At the time of the Peloponnesian War there lived in Athens a cit- 
 izen named Timon, who had inherited a large patrimony, but had 
 squandered it upon flatterers and parasites, who, having exhausted 
 his favors, passed him by in contempt. Stung with mortification, 
 
THE TIMON OF LUCIAN. 163 
 
 and, filled with hatred, he quitted the city, and spent his life in soli- 
 tude, dying at length in consequence of refusing to permit a surgeon 
 to dress a broken limb. 
 
 On these facts as a basis Lucian builds the following dialogue. 
 The scene opens in Attica. Timon is digging in a lonely field, and 
 cursing Zeus for his misgovernment of men. Zeus, moved by his 
 cries, sends Plutus (wealth) to him again. Hermes and Plutus, on 
 their way to Attica, discourse of wealth and its effects upon men. 
 Timon is, with difficulty, persuaded to accept wealth once more, but 
 declares his intention of leading a solitary life ; and the flatterers, 
 who, snuffing his wealth, come crowding around him, he drives from 
 the field with his pickaxe and with stones and dirt. 
 
 1. eTCupete. L. and Sc. I. Presiding over fellowship. — ecpeo-Tie, protec- 
 tor of hearth and home. These names, borrowed from the poets, are em- 
 ployed in derision. — d tl . . . . &XXo, whatever else. — KaXovcri : two ace. 
 H. 556 ; S. Gr. 400 ; G. 166. — to m-m-ov ; to Ke^vos (\a.Lv<a). Part, as 
 subst. the failure; the gap. DhT. bet. peVpov and pu0pds ? — <rol. H. 598, 
 b; S. Gr. 434; G. 184, 3, N. 4. — IpicrpdpaYos : a curious epithet of 
 do-TpairTj ace. to our notions of lightning. — Xtjpos, Kcnrvds : pred. nom. — 
 dvcure'cfyjivc. ipalvto with part. ovto. om. H. 797; S. Gr. 546, a. — &T€xvc3s, 
 simply, really. — g|co, except : frequent in Luc. — atria-fit] : diroo-pe'vvupi. 
 
 2. emx.eipoiJVTwv, intending. — &oXov, kept till dawn, hence half extin- 
 guished, dying. — iravSapaTopos : a poetic word. — 8aXdv Tiva, a sort of 
 firebrand. — cos ... . SeSievtu, ol'eo-0ai. Result : so that they, etc. — d7ro- 
 Xavcreiv : with ace. and gen., suffer this only from, etc. — on ktI. appos. of 
 tovto. — dva.TrXT|o-0T|o-ovTCU : dva inp/rrX^pi. — ov irdvTTj, not altogether. — 
 diriGavos, incredible, fabulous. — irpds, in comparison with. — 6pyr|v : ace. 
 specif., so cold in disposition. Cf. § 3. dicpaios ttjv 6pyr\v. — 7rcos -yap ; for 
 how could it be otherwise ? — oVov, since, see L. and Sc. III. — tnrb pavSpa- 
 •yopa, under the influence of a narcotic. H. 136, R. d ; S. Gr. 77, c b. — 8s, 
 you, who. — to, toTa : ace. specif. 
 
 3. Irrgi = yap, for. — erroieis and fol. verbs. Notice the force of the 
 tense. — liraTa-yeiTO, was pealing, rolling. — o-€io-po£ : sc. rjcrav : likewise ^v 
 after \i<av. — cpopTiKcos SiaXe-ycopai, use a stronger expression, speak like a boor 
 (as I now am). — vetoi re. The presence of t4 is accounted for by regard- 
 ing the expression as a quotation, perhaps from some tragic poet. — rr\\i- 
 KavT€, so great. — eiri, in the time of — AeuKaXicovos : see Class. Diet. Comp. 
 the story of Deucalion with Gen. 7 and 8. — cos ... . irepio-coBfjvcu : result. 
 — 'iv ti, una aliqua cymbula, some one. Kiih. 303, 4. — irposoKetXav : 
 -okcXXco ; here intrans. — Auk. AuKcopeus, a peak of Mt. Parnassus. Jac. — 
 SicufnjXaTTov agrees with ki(3cotiov. — els, for. — kcxk. pel^ovos. The idea 
 of the degeneracy of the human race. So the golden age was followed by 
 the silver, brazen, iron. Comp. Hor. Carm. III. Od. 6. 
 
 Aetas parentum pejor avis tulit 
 Nos nequiores, mox daturos 
 Progeniem vitiosiorem. 
 
164 NOTES. 
 
 4. Toi-ydpToi, accordingly. An inference from § 2. — Tdirlx. to. eir. — 
 kojxl^t) : pr. ind. mid. 2d sing., you receive. — Bvovtos, o-Te<f>. H. 790, c ; 
 S. Gr! 541, c ; G. 277, 2. — &pa : see L. and Sc. B. 5. — -rrdpepvov 'OXvjx- 
 irlwv, as an addition to the Olympic games ; as a mere matter of form. With 
 tis sc. 0vei -5] o-Te4>avoi. — -n-oieiv 8okcov, thinking that he does. — els, accord- 
 ing to. — [lzt' oXtyov : sc. \pdvov. — Kpovov .... dirotfjavova-i, " they 
 will make another Cronus of you." Kpovos was deprived of his throne by 
 his son Zeus. — irapoxr&iAevoi : -rrapcoGecs). — e<3, I forbear. — vewv : vecis, Att. 
 sec. decl. — ol 8e : without preceding ol fiev. — Kuvas : the watch-dogs of 
 the temple. — &>s o-vXXdp. : purpose ; in order that, avrovs, the thieves. — - 
 tovs ir\oKdp.ovs. Cf. ttjv 6pyi\v, §§ 2 and 3. — Tcuh-a : emphat. posit. 
 — TravcreTcu .... Trapopwjxeva, will .... cease . ... to be overlooked. H. 798 ; 
 S. Gr. 546, b; G. 279, 1. — KoXdo-eis : fut. act. rare in Att. — ^ae'BovTes. 
 See Class. Diet. Phaethon. The thought is, How many conflagrations and 
 deluges are sufficient to expiate each insolence ? — tov piov. See Lex. III. 
 Of the living, on the part of the present generation. 
 
 5. yap, corroborative ; for instance. — rdjjid : to, 4|xd, in opp. to tol 
 Koivd : to mention my affairs. — dpas : ai'pto. ■ — jxdXXov 8e', or rather. — 
 dBpoov : pred. adj. as adv. in heaps. — els, expressing purpose. — irpos with 
 gen. = tnro, by. Comm. in Luc, but seldom in Att. prose. ovSe .... 
 ov8e', not even . . . .and not. Kuh. 321, E. 7. — kcu 68(3 PaSt^cov, even when 
 walking in the street. — iraXcuov veKpoii, of a man, long since dead. — virriav 
 .... avaT6Tpa[i.p,evT|v, turned up ... . upon its back. Equiv. to dva- 
 T€Tpa[X[xeviiv ovsTe virriav etveu. Prolepsis of the adj. It expresses the 
 result of the fol. action. Jac. — ol 8e', others. — iroppwBev. Force of term. 
 -0ev ? H. 203, b; S. Gr. 114; G. 61. — eVepav: sc. 6Sov. — diroTpoTraiov, 
 repulsive. — oij/go-0ou, they are about to look upon. — tov .... ^eyev. appos. 
 of 8e'a|xa : the one, who, not long since, etc. 
 
 6. irrrb twv ko-kwv, by reason of my misfortunes — eva\|/djxevos : evdirrw. 
 — 6poX(3v TgTTapwv per day. Gen. price. — KepSavav. Fut. of liquid 
 verbs, how formed? H. 373; S. Gr. 252; G. 110, 1. — jitjk€ti 6\J/. kt€., 
 appos. of tovto preceding : that I shall no longer see, etc. — 7rapd ttjv d£lav, 
 beyond their deserts. — t]8 ^ troTe', now at length. — tovtov. When may demonst. 
 pron. stand bet. art. and noun ? H. 538, end ; G. 142, 4. — (iTrep .... 
 'Einp.€vi8rjv, beyond, i. e. longer than Epimenides, who slept 57 years. See 
 Class. Diet. — 4mSet|cuo : opt. of wishing. H. 721, 1 ; S. Gr. 489, a; G. 
 251, 1. 
 
 7. ZEY2. The scene changes to Olympus. — Ittlkskv^ws, habitually 
 stooping. Perf. denoting a pres. result or state. Kuh. 255, R. 5. — ?] ttov, 
 surely, I think. Ironical. — av . . . . Sie^ei (Sie'£ei[u), he would recount. Sc. 
 el p.T) «f)(.Xdo-o<{;os r\v. H. 746; S. Gr. 514; G. 222.— KaB' .... ireXelwv, 
 upon, or with perfect sacrifices A rare use of Ko/rd. — 6 rds kt4. sc. Qv<av. — 
 elw9e(iev : old form of plup. e st. eu — dXXa-yTJs. Cause. Ff. 592, a ; S. Gr. 
 429 ; G. 173, 3. — ovtw ktI., lit. bearing down the mattock, so heavy : in Eng. 
 so heavy is the mattock which he, etc. 
 
 §. OvTwo-l .... elireiv. So to speak. To use this (rather strong) ex- 
 
THE TIMON OF LUCIAX. 1G5 
 
 pression. In contrast with a>s 8e aA/nOei Xd-ya> (eliretv) below. H. 772 ; S. 
 Gr. 532; G. 268. — irepl .... <j>lX<ov, i. e. in selecting them. — o-uviei 
 (<ruvfo]|jw) .... x.api£6|j.€vos, did .... perceive that he was showing kind- 
 ness. H. 799 ; S. Gr. 546, c; G. 280. —to ^irap : ace. specif. A refer- 
 ence to the fable of Prometheus. — <jnXovs, eTalpovs : in pred. with elvai. 
 — vir'ffrom, on account of. — ev p,dXa eirifjieXoos, right carefully, with exceeding 
 care. — pi£as inroTeTp.^fjLe'vov. A change of figure ; from a carcass preyed 
 upon by birds to a tree which the gardener wishes to destroy. — TrdGev, 
 whence, from what motive should they? — ev tc5 [xepei, in their turn. Timon had 
 assisted them. It was their turn now. — do-ru. Diff. bet. acrru and ttoXis? 
 - — [uo-So-O, for hive. Gen. price or value. — (xeXa-yxo^v (having black bile), 
 driven to madness. — kcikois. H. 611, a; S. Gr. 445; G. 188, 1. — el, whether. 
 
 9. &VT|p. NotdvTJp! Crasis. H. 68 ; S. Gr. 39; G. 11. — Su<r™x«v. 
 H. 800; S. Gr. 546, d; G. 279, 1. — eirel, since. — k-n\.\tkj\<r\Livo\. : lm- 
 Xav0dvo|JicH : condit. if we, etc. — KaveravTOS : Katw. — ttXtjv. However. — 
 inr\ Cf. icrr', § 8. — eri Se', and further. — c{>d|3ou : same const, as 6i(r\o- 
 Xias — irapd : st. dird or 4k. Zeus is afraid of the temple-robbers. — e| ov, 
 since: see L. and Sc. 4£. II. — aiirots : with ref. to 'Attiktjv. H. 523, c ; 
 S. Gr. 373, a. — p.axop.evcov : sc. avrcov. — <£<tti. "Why not ecnri ? — 7rpb$ 
 avroiv : cf. irpds, § 5. — dpeTT]v nva, virtutem nescio quam. Eeitz. — %v- 
 veipdvrtov (stringing together) talking forever about. — tovtov. Timon. — 
 6vTa : concess., although he is. 
 
 10. oVi strengthens superl. p,dXicrTa. — a30i$ p.ev, hereafter, jie'v correl. 
 with irX^jv below.— emo-Kevdo-w. H. 760, a; S. Gr. 523, c; G. 232, 3. — 
 KaTecryfievcw .... el<ri. Circumlocutory perf. In Att. KaTed-yao-i. Pe- 
 culiarity in augment? H. 312; S. Gr. 201; G. 103. — oirdre, since. — 
 <j>iXoTip.oT€pov. Comp. and superl. advs. usually formed how ? H. 228 ; 
 S. Gr. 132, b; G. 75. Too ambitiously. — eVeiBe: imp. of attempted action. 
 H. 702 ; S. Gr. 476, c ; G. 200, N. 2. — p^Se .... ^as, that we do not 
 exist at all. — av-rov : depends on {iire'p in comp. The defence of Anaxago- 
 ras, by Pericles, on the charge of atheism, is thus woven into the dialogue 
 by Luc. — dXl-yov 8stv, almost. H. 772 ; S. Gr. 532 ; G. 268. — irepl ttj 
 irerpa (lit. by reason of) on the rock. — ev roo-ovita), in the mean time (lit. in 
 so much time as I am repairing my thunderbolt). — cuItt] -up-copCa. Which 
 is the subject ? H. 535 ; S. Gr. 381, a. 
 
 11. Olov : as exclam. Cf. L. and Sc. I. How impoiiant it was! — 
 ISou : not ISoS. — -ye' toi. Force ? — KaTao-TTjcreTcu. L. and Sc. B. 6. 
 Will become. — Pot|o-qs and fol. part, cause. — emo-Tperj/as .... Aia, 
 turned Zeus towards (him), turned the attention of Z. — el . . . . e'crKairrev, 
 dv eWairrev. Force ? H. 746 ; S. Gr. 514 ; G. 222. — dv d7reX0oi|xi. Opt. 
 st. indie. H. 722, b ; S. Gr. 491, b ; G. 226, 2. — Kal rain-a : see Notes, 
 Memorabil. I. 4, 8. 
 
 12. es iroXXd, into many parts. — Kal toOto, : cf. § 11. — uovovoi>x^ 
 wellnigh, all but. e^ewOei. Peculiarity of augment. H. 312 ; S. Gr. 201 ; 
 G. 103. Faber suggests Kal before KaOdirep : others object, regarding it 
 unnecessary, and render KaSdirep as hastily as. — direXOw. Force of subjunc? 
 
166 NOTES. 
 
 H. 720, c ; S. Gr. 488, c ; G. 253. — Trapa8o0Tjcrd|Aevos. What does the 
 fut. part, often denote ? — Xdpoi, simpletons. — <ruve<rTci><rav : o-vveip-i. — 
 ayairaTwarav .... dirocj^povTes, let them be contented with obtaining. H. 800 ; 
 S. Gr. 546, d; G. 279, 1. &0Xioi, laboriously, by toil: adj. as adv. — irpo'ie'- 
 pevoi : irpotr]|Ai. 
 
 13. ttjv 6<r<j>w. Cf. § 3. oLKjiaios ttjv 6p"yr|V. — f)<J>lei: dtph-|[ja. Aug- 
 ment at beginning of word. H. 31 4 ; S. Gr. 202, c ; G. 105, N. 3. — 
 Tovvavriov, adv. on the contrary. — Tj-yavaKTeis Kara, .... vexed at. tca/rd 
 with gen. where in Att. the dat. would usually stand. — irpbs avTiov : cf. 
 § 5. — <TT)p.eiwv emjBoXcus, impressions of seals. — cos with inf., so that. — 
 crvvecnraKcbs (o-vcnrdco) kt4., lit. contracted as to : with your fingers contracted 
 in consequence of your habit, etc. — diro8pdo-ecr0cu : -8iSpdcn<a>. — -el ... . 
 Xd(3oio. Force of this form of condition ? — 8Xtos, denique, in short. — 
 Xo-Xkw, criSupco. Peculiarity of contract? H. 145, c; S. Gr. 81, c; G. 
 43, 2. — Aavd-nv. See Class. Diet., Acrisius. — Trap0ev€i>€tr0cu : appos. of 
 to irpci7[J.a. 
 
 14. avTovs : subj. of iroieiv. — IpcovTas : sc. ere : loving you to excess. — 
 e|dv : concess., although it was in their power. Why ace. st. gen. abs.? H. 
 792 ; S. Gr. 544 ; G. 278, 2. — eV dSeias : periphr. for an adv. : without 
 fear, confidently. — epam. 1. love; 2. an object of love: not using the object 
 of their affection, i. e. their money. — 6vto.s : concess. — cpvXdTTeiv. A re- 
 turn to the const, of iroieiv. — eyprj-yopoTas : circ. part, manner : wakefully, 
 vigilantly. Irreg. reduplic. H. 321 ; S. Gr. 207; G. 104.— to .... exetv, 
 to ... . p.€Ta8i8ovai : subjects of (elvcu) diroXauo-iv : thinking it pleasure 
 enough, not that they were able to enjoy {you), but that they shared, etc. For reg. 
 position of ov, see Memorabil. I. 1, 3, Note. Observe the change fr. ov to 
 fxrj (|XT|8evi)- Why? ov negatives the subst. expression, to,. . . . ^x €iv » 
 but p/qSevi belongs directly to the inf. jxeTaSiSdvai : see H. 837 ; S. Gr. 
 571 ; G. 283, 3.— Kpi0cov. Why not ace? H. 574, e ; S. Gr. 417 f; G. 
 170, 1.— ^cwrcov: depends on Kare-ysXas. — to kcuvotcitov : adverbial: and, 
 the strangest thing, were jealous of themselves, but did not perceive that, etc. — 
 €|ATrapoi.vT|a-€i, play the drunken man, i. e. run riot and waste his master's 
 substance. — Seo-iroT^v .... kiraypvirvilv : obj. of Ideas : having let his 
 .... master .... brood over, irpos (according to) by the light of L. and 
 Sc. C. III. 2. ti, equiv. to Eng. indef. art. p.iKpdcrrop.ov Xv\vt8tov, 8i- 
 ij/aXe'ov 0pvaXXl8iov, characteristic of a miser. — Tavra. What verb is 
 often om.? — €K«iva aiTtdo-0ai, to find fault with those things. 
 
 1»5. el . . . . e£eTd£ois, 8d|co : cond. poss. ; conclus. assumed as real. 
 - — to .... dveip-e'vov (dviTjp) as subst. subj. of SokoItj : this excessive loose- 
 ness, prodigality, totjto : cf. note tovtov, §6. — dp.eXe's, evvo'iKov : inpred. ; 
 perhaps best rendered as nouns, carelessness and not good-ivill. — a>s Trpbs 
 6|Ae'. cos with prep, similar in meaning to cos with part. H. 795, e ; S. Gr. 
 540, c ; G. 277, N. 2. In his mind, in his intention, on his part. — tovs .... 
 <jrAc.TTOVTas, €7rt}jLeXov[JLeVovs : subj. of eivcu. ottcos : final. — dTrtacriv : 
 airciju : fut. in meaning. — twv evScujJidvcov, of (the fortunate) those whom for- 
 tune favors. 
 
THE TIMON OF LUCIAN. 167 
 
 IS. iKetvovs : referring to the misers : tovtovs, to the spendthrifts. 
 The avaricious persons have just been mentioned, but are thought of as 
 more remote, hence eKelvovs. — fieVpov .... 1rpd.7iJ.aTi. (put a bound to the 
 matter), i. e. use moderation. — irpor|crop.evovs : irpo't-qixi. 
 
 IT. Tawa .... (ryavaKTO). Observe diff. const, d-yav. Kcn-d clvtcov, 
 § 18. — 7rpbs evtcov, vtt' ivbav. Cf. note, § 5. irpds. — ireireSnp.e'vos. The 
 perf. directing attention less to the completion of the action than to its 
 result : hence denoting a state ; kept in fetters. 
 
 18. kciXtjv : pred. posit.; lit. the punishment [which is) handsome. — ol 
 p,e'v, the former : the avaricious : ot 8e', the latter: the spendthrifts. TdvTa- 
 Xos. The student will not fail to acquaint himself with the celebrated 
 fable here alluded to. — rpocj>T|v : ace. of thing retained with pass. H. 
 553, a; S. Gr. 398, a; G. 164. — dm6i: direifu. — 'Ekcivos: emphat. posit. 
 — -yap strengthens the quest., What! will he ever, etc. — efjavTXcov : con- 
 nect with iravcreTai : supp. part. — inTepavrXos : adj. where Eng. employs 
 an adv. : lest I, rushing in abundantly, overwhelm him. — -rrplv elo-pvijvai, be- 
 fore it (i. e. tov e'mppe'ovTOs) has run in. — etipvTepov : comp. without an 
 object depending on it : so very broad (is) the, etc. 
 
 19. €p.<{>pd£eTcu : mid. voice, rarely used. — es to ainx£ dvair€7rTap.e'- 
 vov. Vitringa renders, perpetuo apertam fissuram. e's to dira|, fiir immer. 
 Jac. Part, as subst., fissure forever open. — eVavuov : eirdv€i.|u. — dirws : 
 final. — cos : causal. 
 
 20. IlpoCcofJiev : subjunc. as imper. Let us, etc. — ti : sc. ecrri. — 
 
 eXeXTjGeis (XavGdvco) ccv. H. 801 ; S. Gr. 546 e ; G. 279, 2.— up.<f>o- 
 
 Te'pois : sc. troa-L : in both feet. — TeXeiv : sc. tt)v 68dv : finish the journey. — 
 irpo"yT]pdcravTOS, having grown old before I reach him. — dp.a -yovv, as soon 
 as . — eVecrev : aor. as perf. — Kd*yc6 : kcu intensive, but not sufficiently so 
 to be transl. The language of this sent., dp.a .... Gearcov, is borrowed 
 fr. what ? — dXr|0f] : in pred., ovra understood. You say these things not (be- 
 ing) true. In Eng., These things which you say are not true. — dv elireiv ex.oip.t : 
 pot. opt., can mention. — coo-re irplacrQai : purpose : to purchase. — Ppcxov, 
 a cord to hang themselves with. — eirl XevKov £ev*yovs, (on) with a span of white 
 horses. Often mentioned by Luc. as a special mark of pride. Jac. — ots : 
 dat. possessor. — inrqp(-e = el|i£. Kdv ovos : ellipsis : in full, Kal e'dv ovos 
 ■?[. Who never before had such a thing even if they had an ass. — TTopt^-upot 
 .... xpverdx. in purple and gold. — ovap : adv. ace, in a dream. 
 
 21. o^xi : differs how fr. ov ? — IIXovtcov : Pluto, god of the lower 
 world. Not IIXo-uTos. — dre, inasmuch as. H. 795, d ; S. Gr. 540, c ; G. 
 277, N. 2, end. — 8-qXoi : sc. tovto, this fact. — tw dvop-cvri : means, by 
 his name. See L. and Sc. IIXoijtcov. — p.€ToiKur0fjvai, (to be led to another 
 abode) to migrate. — es Se'Xrov .... emfJieXcGs : descriptive of the process 
 of making a will. Se'Xrov, a tablet: two or more leaves of wood, opening 
 like a book, smeared on the inside with wax, on which the will was written 
 by means of an iron instrument pointed like a pencil. The tablet was 
 then closed, fastened with a triple cord, sealed, and signed with the names 
 of the witnesses. See Diet. Antiq. Tabulae. e'-nt-jieXcos : connect with pre- 
 
168 NOTES. 
 
 ceding word. — cpopdSrjv (lit. borne along), like a piece of bar/gage, they lift me 
 up and transport me. — o-kotcivw ttov, some dark place, comer. It was cus- 
 tomary to lay out the dead in some principal room of the house, dressed in 
 a splendid garment, not iraXaid 606vtj. — e|«: obj. of irepipc'vovo-i. — veo-r- 
 roC : sc. Trcpipevoucri. 
 
 22. €VT(jiT]0TJ : evrepva). ck iraiSiKwv : cf. 4k iraiSwv : from the time 
 
 he was a favorite. Jac. — {nre|vpT] pe'vos .... -yvd9ov, i. e. having a beard 
 even then (when he was a iraiSiKct) ; his advanced age being an additional 
 mark of shame. Cf. Xenophon's sneer at Menon. Anab. II. 6, 28. irat- 
 Sucd dyje ©apvirav .... -yevetcovTa. — cIvtl, in return for : connect with 
 diroXapwv. — Tj8n .... wv, though already past the bloom of youth : too old 
 for such employment. H. 789 f ; S. Gr. 540 f ; G. 277, 5. — at>T« : his 
 master. — pio-0a>pa, reward, price : a base word. — -yevvaios : ironical. — 
 €K€ivos pe'v : introduce the apodosis : he, that one: the heir. — ttotc : gives 
 indefmiteness : whosoever. H. 251 ; S. Gr. 145. — avrfj. H. 604; S. Gr. 
 438, c ; G. 188, 5, 1ST. : tablet and all. — <j>e'p«v, in haste. L. and Sc. <j>€pco. 
 X. 2. — IIvppiov, Apo., Tipaov. Common names of slaves. — Me-yaKXf)s 
 . i . . IIpwTapxos. Names of distinguished men. — Ikcivovs : the disap- 
 pointed expectants. — otos : i. e. otl toloCtos, because such a thunny-fish: 
 so rich a prize. See L. and Sc. olos. 1. Cf. OIov ? t v, § 11. — pvxoiS .... 
 cra-y^vns, inmost corner of the net: i. e. almost within their grasp. — oXfyov: 
 pred. posit.: lit. which was not small. Karaawv : KaTairtv&> : having de- 
 voured the bait : alluding to the gifts presented by the aspirants after the 
 inheritance. 
 
 23. Trax.i38epp.os: coarse, obtuse. — irecppiKws : perf. as pres. shuddering 
 at, of raid of. — pao-Ti|€ie, should crack a whip. — opGiov .... tooSs: cf. 
 Lat. arrectis auribus. etjno-Tas : pres. part. act. — pvXcSva : in which the 
 slaves were compelled to labor as a punishment. — dxpt dv belong to eKxe't) 
 below. — €s . • • . €p/n-e<rcov, having fallen in with. — fj prjv : strong confir- 
 mation : see Lex. tj. — Nipe'ws. Iliad. 2, 673. Nipevs, os KaXXio-Tos dvfjp 
 virb "IXiov TjXGev per' dp.i3p.ova nrjXeuova. — Kpoio-wv cKKatSeKa : an extrav- 
 agant expression, purposely employed. — rd .... o-uveiXeYpeva : as subst. : 
 obj. of €kx.€t] : the things collected little by little, etc. 
 
 24. Avrd ktI. ( he things which are, themselves), You state the facts pretty 
 nearly as they are, I think. — €«p' ^' s : *• e - TOlijTOV S *$' ovs. — etvai .... 
 d|(.ov§ : (that they) are worthy. Subj. why om. ? — Ol'ei Yap : cf. 'Ekcivos 
 •yap, § 18. Also Lex. III. — elo-t : sc. d£ioi. — dv .... irpoo-rjeiv : cf. dv 
 .... Sl€|t]€u, § 7. 'IirjrovtKO), KaXXta. Athenians, noted for their great 
 wealth and bad morals. — IXXtjv 6Xkd : transl. as one word : but or still. — 
 Xd0so, unawares. H. 801 ; S. Gr. 546, e ; G. 279, 2. — o-e tov 'Epp^v. 
 Treasure-trove or any unexpected increase of wealth was attributed to 
 Hermes : hence the name, 'Epp-qs KepSaios. 
 
 25. to ... . Sokovv : part, with art. as subst.: his opinion, resolution. 
 — Sitcauos : understand €|rjirdTT)Tai.-T- os 7«. Force of -ye ? 6s, not simply 
 relative, but also causal : since he. — elScis : concessive. — Suo-cupei-ov .... 
 Xpfjpa : i. e. tovs tov -rrXoimtv dfjiovs. — frpb .... fiiov, (which) long ago 
 
THE TIMON OF LUCIAN. 169 
 
 disappeared from (lit. life) among men. Cf. (3tov, § 4. — ov8\ Differs how 
 in force fr. ov ? — a/re : cf. note, § 21. — to ttoIv eirexovTwv, control every- 
 thing. — irpbs avTtov : cf. note, § 5. 
 
 26. diroKptvai. Distinguish fr. 1st aor. inf. act. and 1st aor. opt. act. 
 3d sing. — elpT]o-€Tai -yap, dicendum enim est. Graev. — tvxovtcis : sc. 
 o-ov. — dve'xeo-8ai ^uvras. H. 800 ; S. Gr. 546, d ; G. 279, 1, endure to 
 live. When may inf. take ov? — avrwv: refers to the subject of dvc'xeo-9at. 
 — <pepovT€s: cf. <p£pa)v, § 22. — oVnrep. Force of ire'p? — dpx^v : adverbial: 
 lit. not even at the beginning : not at all. — irX-rjv dXXd : frequent in Luc: cf. 
 § 24. — €i! oiS' on: often parenthetical : 2" know well that; without doubt; 
 certainly. — ei ti kt!., if you understand yourself at all. — €7rip.ep.T]voT€s : ei™- 
 |x^ivop.ai. 
 
 27. Ol'ei "yap : cf. § 24. — 6pao-6ai : like <pcuv€o-0cu in sense ; appear. 
 Hence avTois, to them, st. virb avTaiv. — a>s : final. — tI : equiv. to Fng. 
 indef. art. — irepiQe'uevos. Why mid.? — ttoikIXci : i|xdna understood. — 
 |jlt) -rvyxpLV. Why |xt| ? H. 839; S. Gr. 571; G. 283, 4. — a>s : causal: 
 with ref. to lirio-Kid^ovcriv, Trpoo-wireiov irepiGe'jxevos, etc. They do not see 
 me in my true character, inasmuch as. — SfjXov d»s : same as SfjXov Sti. — 
 KaTe-yi-yvwo-Kov kt£. St. ace. of thing we have the partt. dp.pXvwTT0VTes, 
 epjSvres : would have accused themselves of being short-sighted, etc. rd ttjXi- 
 KauTa : adv. exceedingly. 
 
 28. Tt ovv : sc. eo-Tu Why is it, then? — €V avria .... ttXovtciv : 
 i. e. the actual possession of wealth. — d<^aip-f]Tai : attempted action ; at- 
 tempt to deprive. — -n-pooiVTO : -jrpo'iT;p.i. — cIkos : sc. eori : it is not likely 
 that they. — eirixpio-Tos : lit. smeared on : i. e. feigned. — Td iroia : Hermes 
 begins the answer before asking the quest. : lit. The .... what sort of things? 
 Prolepsis of the art. — ri\v t|™X'H v : acc - spec. We may render, when his 
 mind has been taken possession of by, etc. — <j>evKToov : <pevKTe'os. — T€0T]7r€, is 
 amazed at, i. e. overcome with admiration. — 8opu<popov(A€vov : pass., at- 
 tended by them as a body-guard. 
 
 29. '&<$ : exclamatory : How. — e-yxeXeis. Peculiarity in decl. H. 
 188 ; S. Gr. 112, 1. — ^ttciXiv, on the contrary. — 'iy^a-Qai : P ass - — PI <=X 6lv > 
 are, not able. — p.eTa£v. H. 795, c ; S. Gr. 539, a ; G. 277, N. 1. 
 
 30. ive<a, as regards. L. and Sc. II. — Kara\nr<av c.v£p\., having left 
 behind, 1 go up, more natural in Eng., I leave behind, ivhen I go up. — e/ri- 
 o-KTpJ/as, having enjoined upon (him). — Ovkovv. L. and Sc. B. — l-n-ifSatveo- 
 |uv. Subj. as imperative; let us, etc. 'Attiktjs. Why gen.? H. 574; 
 S. Gr. 417 ; G. 171, 1. — ex°f JL€vos > inking hold. — eo-xandv, Timonis soli- 
 tudinem. Hemst. ; extremam viam. Graev. — 'Y-rrepPoXcp, KXe'wvi. Two 
 noted demagogues of Athens. 
 
 31. ovToo-L Force of -i ? — t<Sv .... TaTTO|X€V«v : those marshalled 
 under ... . ; those under the command of — dp.eivovs : nom. pi. — Ti oSv. 
 Why then. — dTro8eiXiwp.ev : cf. eiriPa(vw|X€V, § 30. 
 
 32. 'Ap-yeufxiVTa. A surname of Hermes, because he slew, at the com- 
 mand of Zeus, the hundred-eyed Argus. — iire'p.<f>07]p,€v : aor. for perf, — 
 IIXovTos : understand irep/ireTcii fr. the foregoing. — kckws ^x OVTa, For 
 
170 NOTES. 
 
 2x« with adv. see Notes, Memorabil. I. 4, 4. Being in bad condition, ill- 
 treated. — virb ktI. : inr6 with gen. on ace. of pass, idea suggested in kcik. 
 fyovTa. — KTfjp.a. Incorporation. Hence, art. om. The only possession 
 which I, etc. — €£€ip*yacrp.evov, perfected by discipline, trained. — op.oi.ov : con- 
 nect not with 6Yx ei P'> ^ u t with fol. part. — t<1 irdXcu : art. with adv. as 
 subst. : the one (he was) before. 
 
 33. ol'av .... &iro\d\|/€i, he will lose me being what sort of person. In 
 Eng., what sort of person I am, whom he is about to lose. — dpLo-Twv : neut., 
 probably. — 8ieTe'Xeo-ev : »v om. — dv8pds. Differs how in meaning fr. 
 dvGpwirov ? — irpbs ax»Tov diropXeirtov, having regard to himself. Jac. says, 
 relying on his own strength. — rd . . . . xaiiTa, those many and superfluous 
 things: i. e. the many superfluities of luxury. — aXXdrpia : sc. dvai : (to 
 be) foreign to his purpose, useless, hurtful, as indeed they are. irpo(rUop.€V : cf. 
 ern.palva)p,€V, § 30. 
 
 34. ov x a 4 >0VT€ S- See L. and Sc. x a ^P w « VII. 2. — juapol .... ovtcs, 
 wretches that you are, all (of you) . — ov .... (SaXeis, for not being men, will 
 you, etc. In Eng., for we whom you .... are not men. — d-yaGfj tv^t) : dat. 
 manner. — diroo-Tds. Differs how fr. 1st aor. ? — kciItoi, although. — cus. 
 Why accented ? — uoi 8ok(5, I think. — irpbs .... Aids : an oath : by Zeus. 
 — ov p.€Tpt(os. Litotes : violently. — jxtj, lest; with ref. to dm<op.€v. 
 
 35. Mt]8cv o-Kaidv : sc. iroUi. — to .... &YP tov Kal rpaxv : adj. as 
 subst. — Ka,Ta|3a\cov : lit. having thrown down ; having put aside. — Ta irpah-a : 
 neut. for masc. H. 522 ; S. Gr. 372 ; G. 138, c. Princeps AthenieDsium. 
 The first of, etc. — |xdvos .... evSaiuovcov, prosperous yourself alone. In 
 Eng., for yourself alone, and not for the benefit of those parasites. — ttXovtos : 
 used facetiously, signifying both wealth and the god of wealth : my mattock 
 is itXovtos enough for me. — rd 8' dXXa, as for the rest : beyond that. — irkt)- 
 <rid£. condit. if, etc. — rdvSe <jbe'pco ktc. Quoted fr. Iliad. 15, 202. — av- 
 tcov : with ref. to dvQpwTrwv contained in p.io-dv9pw7rov. 
 
 36. ttjs eiri-ixeXetas : gen. cause : for your care. — &v XafiJoiui : cf. &v 
 direXGoifxi, § 11. — Kal irdXai : Kai intens. — tcXos : adv. ace, finally. — 
 irpoo-opaXovo-a : sc. uol. — rd tc : correl. with Kal twv. — dva/yKaia : i. e. 
 food, clothing, etc. — Kduvovn : intrans. : laboranti. — t»v iroXXwv 4kc£. 
 cf. iroXXd raiira, § 33. — e| .... |3iov, having made my hopes of ... . depend 
 upon myself uoi : ethical dat. — 6 ttXqvtos 6 ep.ds : with emphasis : my 
 (real) wealth. — \|/t]<j)oc{>opTJo-as : the aor. part, denoting the fact without 
 particular regard to time : so empovXevo-as and some others : With his vote, 
 giving his vote: having ref., doubtless, to the penalty of confiscation, or 
 ostracism, or death. 
 
 37. Siapicf). Force of 8id in comp. ? — dX<|>iTa, lit. barley -groats : here, 
 in a more genl. signif., daily bread, food. — wore, so, therefore. — •fjv. H. 703 ; 
 S. Gr. 478. This were enough for me. The clause, iravras .... iroi/fjcrai, 
 appos. of tovto. TjP-qSdv, from youth upwards. Subj. of Troi^o-cu ? Some 
 understand TijAwva : others, Aia. Let Zeus keep Plutus to himself and 
 make men lament their misfortunes. — uetpaKiwST), puerile. — ovtoi : not 
 ouTot. — 8iKcuoXo-yT|crttp.ai. See Notes, Memorabil. IV. 2, 13. povXei. 
 
THE TIMON OF LUCTAN. 171 
 
 — Xe'YOVTa. Supp. part, with verb, of endurance. H. 800; S. Gr. 546, 
 d ; G. 279, 1. 
 
 38. 'Expfjv : see iKavbv -?jv, §37. — irpds, in reply to. — -rrpoeSpCas. 
 L. and Sc. 2. — o-T€<pdviov : often conferred at Athens, as marks of public 
 approbation, for services to the state. Cf. Demosth. de Corona, Aeschin. 
 in Ctes., etc. — rpvcf^s: naturally rend, by pi. — Ik r<av koXcxkwv. Ik with 
 verb, denoting the source of the action : rare in Att., but comra. in later 
 writers. — pdXXov 8e, nay rather. — tovto : ace. spec. : explained by fol. 
 clause. 8idn ktI. — vTrtfJaXes. L. and Sc. {nro(3dXXa>. V. — €ircuvov<ri 
 and fol. part.: sc. <ri as obj. — evKaXea-aipi. H. 721, 1 ; S. Gr. 489, a; 
 G. 251, 1. Would charge upon. St. ace. of thing, we have the fol. part. 
 
 — direXaGeis : direXavvw. — eirl K€<j>., headforemost. — w<tt€. L. and Sc. V. 
 And so, finally. — pap-rvs- Why no art.? H. 535, a; S. Gr. 381, a. — 
 7rpoo-€VT]V€Y., having conducted yourself towards. 
 
 39. otos .... "y«7€v., i. e. how his inclination towards you has 
 changed already. — <rv pe'v. Timon. — crv 8e. Plutus. o-Kairre. Force 
 of tense ? ?x €t S« L. and Sc. IV. — ti . . . . n<$, for what can one do? but 
 see Lex. ird<rx<«>, I. 3. — irpd-yp-ara, difficulties. — dStK^oras : concess., al- 
 though I have done no wrong. — <j>povTi8as, cares. 
 
 40. 'Y7r6o-TT]0u Endure. — ZC i pi, for my sake. Cf. §37 (end). — 
 Kal el : kcu intens. , even if. — ovk. Why not p-rj, since the sent, is condi- 
 tional ? ov negatives, not the sent. , but the single word olo-rdv. — Sirws : 
 final. — A'iTvr\v. Cf. § 19. — av-rov : adv., here. — pdXXov, harder. — dve- 
 Xe'o-eai. H. 765 ; S. Gr. 529 ; G. 265 : (for him) to take up. — pa0eias k<x- 
 TCKpeptov, bearing (your mattock) down into deep (earth), striking deeper. — {ip.iv : 
 i. e. Timon and Thesaurus. 
 
 41. Tepdo-Tie. Terastius, because he permits such prodigies as the one 
 Timon now beholds. — Kopvj3avT€s. Timon is beside himself with aston- 
 ishment, and hence invokes the Corybantes who preside over frenzy. — 
 K€pSu>€ : cf. § 24. — p-q &v0pa.Kas €up«. An allusion to the proverb, Pro 
 auro carbones : the notion that treasure-trove sometimes turns to coals. — 
 dv€*ypopevos : dviydpot. — dXXd p^v, but truly. — '£2 XP vo "^ KT «« Quotation 
 fr. Euripides. The fol. alGdpevov .... Sicurpeir. ft. Pindar, Olymp. Od. 1. 
 
 — pe0' Tjpepav. L. and Sc. perd, with accus. I. — Aia .... -yeveVOai 
 Xpu<rov. See Class. Diet. Danae, Acrisius. 
 
 42. M(.8c, Kpoio-e, ev AeXcpois dva0TjpaTa. Proverbial for their wealth. 
 cos ovSev .... •fjre : lit. how nothing you were, or as nothing, etc. Kriiger 
 remarks that the imperf. with dpa is often used to denote a truth which 
 existed previously, but unperceived till the present moment. We natu- 
 rally render by the pres., how insignificant you are. — ws "rrpbs Tiptova. «s 
 with prep, occurs quite freq. in later writers. Is not this its comp. use ? 
 as compared with Timon. — Ilavt : god of rural life. On leaving one occu- 
 pation for another, it was common to consecrate the insignia of the occu- 
 pation abandoned to the presiding deity, hence Timon proposes to conse- 
 crate his mattock and leathern garment to Pan. — koXov: sc. ecrri. — vire'p, 
 over : with the notion of defence. — ev8iouTacr0ai : inf. depending on an 
 
172 NOTES. 
 
 adj. iKavdv. — tov avTov : i. e. irvpyCov : but the gencl. is conformed to the 
 fol. appos. Td<j>ov. H. 513, c; S. Gr. 363. — p.ol 8ok<3, / think. — ScSdxQw 
 and fol. Observe that the perf. is used to denote that the thing spoken of 
 is to remain fixed in its condition. Let .... be permanently resolved upon, 
 be resolved upon and remain so. Tavra : explained by fol. d|u£ta ktI. — 
 'EXe'ov Pw|xds. In the agora at Athens was a very ancient altar to the god 
 of Mercy. Do we not see in this and in the Pelasgic worship of the invisi- 
 ble Zeus, who dwelt in temples not made with hands, traces of the ancient 
 worship of the true God ? 
 
 43. jaovov : connect with I'Sco : merely see. — dirotppds tj Tj(xepct, dies 
 esto nefastus. — ko.1 oXcos : ef. § 13. — 8€x«p.€0a : c ^- €iripaiv«p.€v, § 30. — 
 £prj|ALa, opos (not opos). Which is the subj.? H. 535 ; S. Gr. 381. — <j>t- 
 XoTi.p.r|p.aTa {objects of ambition), the ambition, the glory. — k<x0 j ea/uTov, by 
 himself. — 8s£iaio-ao-0ai. Here spoken of the last farewell of the dying. — 
 crT€<|javov. It was the custom of the Greeks to crown the dead with a 
 chaplet of flowers. See Becker's Charicles, p. 385. 
 
 4 4. to-0 Tpdirov, of my disposition. — ttitttj .... Karao-pevvvvai : i. e. 
 to feed the flame.- — tov x el H""vos : gen. time. — a>0eiv : inf. like KaTao-pev- 
 vxivai just above, depending on SeSdxQw. — lirl KetpaX-rjv : cf. § 38. — ttjv 
 i'o-i]v : sc. 8ikt]v or p.oipav : par pro pari. — Ttjicov 'Ex.€k. KoXXvt. In imi- 
 tation of the decrees of the assembly, and state papers generally, in which 
 proper names were reg. expressed without the art. 
 
 45. Trepl .... eTroLTjo-dix^v, / would have regarded it as important. 
 Supp. with contr. reality. Jac. writes xotTjo-aijAT|v, / would regard, etc. 
 which accords full as well with the rest of the passage. — airao-i .... 
 ■y€V€<r6cu : obj. of €TroiTja-&|XTiv : that this, etc. Taura, explained by fol. 
 clause, Sioti ktI. Neut. pi. often used in Greek where Eng. employs the 
 sing. H. 518, b. Sioti: freq. in Luc. in the sense of 8ti, that. — Taxovs: 
 cf. dWayfjs, § 7. — iroTepov. When to be trans.? — direXativw, Trapavo(XTj- 
 o-w(Ji€v: subjunc. delib. H. 720, c; S. Gr. 488, c; G. 256. — to -ye toctou- 
 tov, in so far. €lcrd7ra|, for once only. — dviwvTO. One would have thought 
 the subjunc. more natural. — wcrre : cf. § 37. — Sex-, tnrocrrdvTes. In Eng., 
 let us stand our ground and receive. — §ip 'iSw. Come, let me see. See L. and 
 Sc. <p€p w * VIII. — Tva0«v£8T3s. A good name for a parasite. — e|iT]fJieKass. 
 One way of showing that he had drunk them. — Trpd : in the sense of time. 
 
 46. o"v ye: understand x^P 6 * — emTpiirToraTe, most villanous. — ^a»s: 
 causal : for. — ti : equiv. to Eng. indef. art. — veoSiSaKTwv ktI., i. e. a 
 dithyrambic drinking-song recently brought out. — IXe-yeia : neut. pi. in 
 the sense of ^Xs-yos : you will sing an elegy very pathetically, with great emotion. 
 
 — virb .... SiKe'XXrj. Timon proposes to be musical conductor, and to 
 keep time with his mattock. — jj.apTtipop.at. Addressed to the bystanders. 
 
 — TpavjiaTos. H. 577, b ; S. Gr". 420, b ; G. 173, 2. — Wat : aor. imp. 
 mid. ldop.ai. — "Eti -yap : cf. 7ap, § 18. 
 
 4T. 7rpOLKa, as a gift, here as a marriage-portion. — p.t«r0dv : appos. of 
 d-ypdv and TaXavTa. — kvkvcov. The sweetness of the dying notes of the 
 swan has been proverbial from remote antiquity. 
 
THE TIMON OF LUCIAN. 173 
 
 48. dvcuo-xwrtas : cf. <j>€v tov to-xous, § 45. — emirqS&v : lit. to jump 
 on (him) : i. e. to be intrusive. — 8irws .... <}>-u\d£T]. Prin. sent. om. : 
 sc. 8pa, see to it that you, etc. H. 756, a ; S. Gr. 522, a ; G. 217. Position 
 of tovtovs ? Cf. toStov, § 6. — toijs .... fxovov : perhaps sc. with Jac. 
 cpiXovs ovTas : who (are your friends) only at meal-time. — ovhiv : ace. spec. 
 
 — ovSevt. H. 804, b; S. Gr. 548; G. 281, 2: any of the men (lit, now) 
 of the present day . — <x><$ .... x.pfjo-0<xi, in order that you might use (it) for, 
 etc. — k<x0 s 6Sdv, on the way. — irXoxn-oins. Why opt.? — ttXovtov : cogn. 
 ace. H. 547, a ; S. Gr. 393, a ; G. 159 : with some vast wealth. — tclx/to, 
 <re : two ace. with verb of teaching. Tavra refers to the counsel Phil, in- 
 tended to give, but which he now thinks may be unnecessaiy, since Timon 
 is wiser than the most venerable of the chiefs before Troy. — "Eo-tch lawa. 
 This will be the case. — Kpaviou : gen. of part affected. H. 574, b, end ; S. 
 Gr. 417, d ; G. 171, 1. 
 
 49. 'EpexGTl'tSi. The commentators have caught Lucian in an error 
 on this word. If Timon belonged to the deme Colyttus, as has been here- 
 tofore repeatedly stated, he was a member of the tribe Aegeis, and had no 
 business to ask for a portion of the theoric fund destined for another tribe. 
 
 — 8iav€|X£iv : inf. as obj. : of '4\aye. — to "yi"yvd[J.evov, that which was coming 
 (to me). — ovra : supp. part, with verb of knowledge: that I was. The 
 Greek idiom connects the neg. ovk with the prin. verb. The Eng. with 
 the inf., he said that he did not, etc. 
 
 50. irp6j3\T||xa, bulwark. — ical |xtjv, moreover. ■ — at (3ovXal dp-^drepai : 
 i. e. the Areiopagus and the Senate of the Five Hundred. : — i)7rep crov, in 
 your behalf, in your honor. — •y€'ypa(j>a. "Ypd<|>€iv \f/T]<{>icrua, freq. to propose a 
 decree. — Tt. 'Ex- KoX.: without the art.: cf. § 44. — irapd, with ace. in 
 sense of duration ; during, or, as we say, all the time. — Iv'OXup/iria : comm. 
 'OXtiuma, as cogn. ace. with vikw. — reXeicp app.a,Ti. A four-in-hand of 
 full-grown steeds, in distinction from cruvcopiSi 7t<o\iktj, a single span of 
 young horses. — Ti oSv : What then? what of that? — TrpocrKgtcrOai., to lie 
 upon or in addition to. (It is) better that many such things be added: to the 
 i|/T|<JH<rp.a. — irpos 'Ax*, near Acharnae. 
 
 51. -yap : oft. referring to a thought om. That cannot be, for. — 
 MeVpta : pred. adj. where we employ an adv., modestly. — &v €iT)fiev. How 
 is the cond. expressed ? — em : denoting the ground of an action. — 
 'HXtaia, <jn>\ds, 8t|[xchs. Added by Dem. for the sake of sound. They 
 had nothing to do with things of this kind. — XP V0 "°'" V • • • • Tijxwva : 
 i. e. a golden statue of T. — <rT€cpava)orai : cf. § 38. — Aiovucrtois .... 
 Kaivots : datt. of time. H. 613 ; S. Gr. 446 ; G. 189. At the Dionysiac 
 festival, at the production of the new tragedies, lit. at the time of new actors. 
 The great Dionysia is alluded to, which was celebrated in the month 
 Elaphebolion (March), a time when Athens was filled with citizens and 
 strangers. 
 
 52. <rot. H. 599 ; S. Gr. 436 ; G. 184, K 5. — dtra kt!., so much at 
 least even we, etc. Sc. '4^<rn. Barl. — ya.\Lu> : fut. — KaXw : pres. — ovtos. 
 L. and Sc. V. end. — ive'irpTjcras '• 4p.iriTrp?]|j.i. 
 
174 NOTES. 
 
 53. 6iri<r8o8o|xov : here, the treasury in the Acropolis. — <rov: gen. poss. 
 "belonging to what follows. — &XXt}v, another: i. e. ir\r]y{\v. — K€Kpax0i» 
 H. 409, 8 ; S. Gr. 280, h ; G. Kpd£oo. How many ways of expressing a 
 prohibition in the 2d pers. ? — B.v tt&Qoi\l\.. L. and So. ird<rx&), 2. — [ii\ 
 €iriTpu{/as. When does part, take |xt| ? H. 839 ; S. Gr. 571 ; G. 283, 4. 
 
 — cItjv .... v€viKT]Kt6s : circumlocution for v€viKif|Koi|xi. — 'OXvp/n-ia : cf. 
 note lv 'OX-up/n-la, § 50. 
 
 54. o$v : confirmative : surely. — 6c}>p0s dvaTeivas. A mark of pride. 
 
 — ti : cogn. ace, , haughtily repeating something to himself. — TtravwSes. H. 
 547, c; S. Gr. 393, c; G. 159, N. 3. Like a Titan. — itypaxj/ev. L. and 
 Sc. -ypdtpw II. — ocra : adv. = Xiav : mirum quam multa. — dpcr-qs. Spe- 
 cial theme of the Stoics. — twv .... xaipovr<av : obj. of KaT^-yoptov. — 
 d(f>tKOLTO, 6pe|€i€V : opt. indef. frequency, irats. Here in what sense? — 
 X6"yois : depend, on ivavTKarara. Iksivois. Why bet. art. and noun ? — 
 ■yeveiov : cf. trxfjp.a above. With his beard full of sauce. — dpenfjv. See 
 above. — -rrpoo-SoKcov : -8ot<diD. • — [XTjSe. Differs how from p/rj ? 
 
 tit», |xdvos t<Sv dXXwv, lit. alone of the rest. An expression not unfreq. 
 in Greek. In Eng. , alone among all. — on irep .... 6<}>€Xos, which very 
 thing (is) the flower, fruit, culmination of, etc. — on has for anteced. the 
 preced. sent. : that he complains of his share when he has the whole. — 
 p.€'9\)cros, drunken: irdpoivos, riotous over one's wine. — dxP 1 *$>*\% ^- untl ^ 
 song : i. e. to such a degree that he sings. — irovTJpws '^x w v. For signif. of 
 ^X*» with adv. see Memorabil. I. 4, 4. — inroTpavX^wv, stammering, hiccough- 
 ing. — tirl tovtois, after, etc. — eVcKci : in 2d meaning : in respect to, as re- 
 gards. — t& irpwra, princeps. Cf. § 35. — oXcos : see § 13. — 7rdvo-o<j>ov 
 .... xp'HH 101 } o:n all-wise creature. — ttoikiXws IvreXe's, lit. variously complete: 
 distinguished for every sort of perfection. — ovk ts paxpdv, not for a long time, 
 for no long time, for a short time. Jac, following Hdt. 5, 108, renders, in 
 no long time: i. e. in a short time, presently. Barl., following Pind., P. 3, 
 189, renders, a little while. — XP 1 ! " 7 " 05 " v : concess. : ironical. 
 
 56. Kara, ravra. kt4., according to the same things with these, etc. : i. e. 
 for the same purpose or reason. — wsfrep ktI. repeats and expands the idea in 
 Kara ravrd .... totjtols. — eXirtSi : dat. cause. — otov <ri, i. e. oios crv 
 «t. — twv ovTtov : gen. with adj. of sharing : inclined to share what you have 
 (with your friends). — €i . . . . rpv^xaiqv. Force of this form of cond.? — 
 Tpij3wv : noun. — r\s (3oi!iX€i, cujusvis. — o-fjv avTou xdpiv, tua ipsius gratia. 
 Lex. xap i S> "V. 1. H. 552 ; S. Gr. 397 ; G. 160, 2. — i<rr6Xr\y, I set out. 
 
 — -yap: with ref. to k<rTa\v\v, a>s ktI. el . . . . imGoio (mid.), !|iPaX€is. 
 Cond. of what form ? Conclus. of what ? p.dXio-Ta piv, most certainly. See 
 Lex. p.dXa III. 5. — Scrov : adv., as far as to the groin. — lirep-Pds : sc. Is 
 rfjv 0dXaTrav. 
 
 57, <rv Si. 8c marks the apodosis, and denotes a contrast bet. this 
 and the protasis. It may be om. in rend., or loosely transl. then. — dp.eivw. 
 Uncontr. form? — dveis : dvu]|ii : leaving over, reserving. — <3 pev . . . . a> 
 8e. Not Attic. How would Xen. have written it ? H. 525 ; S. Gr. 375 ; 
 G. 143. — SiKdios : sc. eo-ri, he ought. — 4p.avT0v X°P lv : CI "- X^ 1 ^ § 56. — 
 
THE TIMON OF LUCIAN. 175 
 
 €Kir\TJ<ras Trapdo^ois. Eng. idiom, two finite verbs. — (xeStjivovs. The 
 Attic medimnus held about twelve gallons; the Aeginetan, somewhat more. 
 — |XT]8^v .... <f>povetv, to think of nothing beyond his scrip : i. e. to be con- 
 tent with the least possible. — ravrd crov : cf. § 53. — <|>€p€ : cf. § 45. — 
 kovSvXwv. Why gen.? — irapaKCKpovtrfiai, cheated, defrauded. 
 
 58. rf\v .... 7r€irovT]Kviav, let my mattock, long since weary, rest a little. 
 8ti irXetcrrovs : Sti strengthening superl. — &irip.€V. Pres. oft. what tense 
 in meaning ? 
 
Plan to illustrate the battle of Tssus (from Grote). 
 
CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE. 
 
 [Note. — The most important events are given in small capitals and should be made as 
 familiar as possible. The others are intended chiefly for reference.] 
 
 BOOK I. The Mythical Age : extending from the earliest period 
 down to the first Olympiad, 776 B. c. 
 
 BOOK II. Growth of the Grecian states : from 776 to 500 b. c. 
 b. c. 
 
 594. Legislation of Solon. 
 
 560-510. Tyranny of Peisistratus and his Sons. 
 510. Eeforms of Clisthenes (or Kleisthenes), begun at Athens by 
 the institution of the ten tribes. 
 
 BOOK III. The Persian Wars, from 500 to 478 b. c. 
 500. (?) First year of the Ionic revolt. 
 494. (?) The Ionians defeated in a naval battle at Lade, near Miletus : end 
 
 of the revolt. 
 490. Battle of Marathon. 
 485. Xerxes succeeds Darius. 
 
 480. Battles of Thermopylae, Artemisium, and Salamis. 
 479. Battles of Plataea and MycIle. 
 478. Siege and capture of Sestos. The history of Herodotus terminates 
 
 at this point. 
 
 BOOK IV. The Athenian Supremacy and the Peloponne- 
 sian War, 478 - 404 b. c. 
 478. Athens fortified by Themistocles. 
 477. Confederacy of Delos. 
 
 471. Themistocles ostracized. Thucydides the historian born. 
 469. (?) Beginning of the political career of Pericles. 
 468. Mycenae destroyed by the Argives. Birth of Socrates. 
 466. Victory of Cimon over the Persians at the river Eurymedon in Pam- 
 
 phylia. 
 465. Death of Xerxes and accession of Artaxerxes I. 
 464. Great earthquake at Sparta. 
 461 . Ostracism of Cimon, and ascendency of Pericles. 
 12 
 
178 CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE. 
 
 b. c. 
 
 457. The Athenians begin to build the long walls and finish the work the 
 
 following year. 
 445. Thirty years' truce between Athens and Sparta. 
 435. War between the Corinthians and Corcyraeans on account of Epi- 
 
 damnus. 
 432. The Corcyraeans, assisted by the Athenians, defeat the Corinthians, 
 
 in a naval battle, in the spring. 
 Potidaea revolts from Athens. 
 Congress of the Peloponnesians at Sparta in the autumn to decide 
 
 the question of a war with Athens. 
 431. The Peloponnesian War begins. 
 430. The plague at Athens. 
 429. Potidaea surrenders to the Athenians. Phormio's exploits in the 
 
 Corinthian gulf. Siege of Plataea begun. Death of Pericles. 
 427. Plataea surrenders. Sedition at Corcyra. 
 425. Demosthenes takes possession of Pylos. The Spartans in Sphacteria 
 
 surrender to Cleon. 
 Accession of Darius Nothus. 
 424. Nicias on the coast of Laconia. 
 Brasidas in Thrace. 
 The Athenians defeated by the Thebans at Delium. Socrates and 
 
 Xenophon in the battle. 
 Thucydides (the historian) in command at Amphipolis. 
 423. One year's truce. 
 
 Thucydides banished for the loss of Amphipolis. Kemains twenty 
 
 years in exile. 
 422. Hostilities in Thrace between Athenians and Lacedaemonians. Cleon 
 
 (Athenian) and Brasidas (Lacedaemonian) fall in battle. 
 421. Eleventh year of the war. Truce for fifty years. The truce, 
 
 called The Peace of Nicias, was little more than nominal. 
 415-413. The Sicilian Expedition. 
 
 413. Permanent occupation of Decelea on the advice of Alcibiades. 
 411. Oligarchical conspiracy of the four hundred at Athens. Defeat of 
 
 the Lacedaemonians in the naval battle at Cynossema. 
 The history of Thucydides ends abruptly in the middle of this year. 
 407. Twenty-fifth year of the war. Alcibiades returns to Athens. Ly- 
 
 sander the Lacedaemonian admiral is aided by Cyrus ; defeats the 
 
 lieutenant of Alcibiades at Notium. Alcibiades banished. 
 406. The Athenians defeat the Lacedaemonians in a sea-fight off the Ar- 
 
 ginusfe islands. Trial and condemnation of the Athenian generals. 
 405. Battle of Aegospotami. 
 404. Athens taken by Lysander and end of the Peloponnesian 
 
 War, after a continuance of twenty-seven years. 
 The thirty tyrants. Death of Alcibiades. 
 
CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE. 179 
 
 BOOK V. The Spartan and Theban Supremacies, 403-359. 
 
 403. Thrasybiilus and the other Athenian exiles recover, tirst Piraeus, 
 then Athens ; and restore the democracy. 
 
 401 . Anabasis of Cyrus and Battle of Cunaxa. 
 
 400. Retreat of the ten thousand. 
 
 399. Trial and death of Socrates. 
 
 394. Xenophon fought against Athens in the battle of Coronea, and was 
 banished in consequence. 
 
 393. Conon begins to restore the long walls of Athens, and the fortifica- 
 tions of Piraeus, which had been destroyed by Lysander. 
 
 387. Peace of Antalcidas. 
 
 384. Birth of Aristotle. 
 
 382. Probably the year of the birth of Philip and of Demos- 
 thenes. 
 
 379. The Spartan garrison driven from the Cadmea of Thebes (Dec. 379), 
 and hostilities between Sparta and Thebes commenced. 
 
 371. Battle of Leuctra. The Thebans under Epaminondas gain a 
 signal victory over the Spartans. Beginning of the Theban 
 Supremacy. 
 
 362. Battle of Mantinea. Death of Epaminondas. Xenophon's His- 
 tory (Hellenica) extends to this point. 
 
 BOOK VI. The Macedonian Supremacy, 359-146 b. c. 
 
 359. Accession of Philip (aged 23) to the throne of Macedon. 
 
 357. Beginning of the Sacred War (for the control of the temple at Del- 
 phi) between the Phocians (who had seized the temple) and the 
 Thebans aided by the Locrians. Beginning also of the Social "War, 
 between Athens and several of her most powerful allies (Chios, 
 Rhodes, and Byzantium). 
 
 356. Birth of Alexander the Great (at the time of the Olympic 
 games: midsummer). 
 
 355. Third and last year of the Social War. Athens concludes a peace 
 with her former allies. 
 
 354. First oration of Demosthenes before the popular assembly (e/c/cX^crfa), 
 on the Symmories. He had previously (in 355 B. c.) delivered 
 before the dikasteries the speeches against Leptines and against 
 Androtion. 
 
 351. First Philippic of Demosthenes. 
 
 350-347. War of Philip against Olynthus. Demosthenes delivers the 
 Olynthiacs. 
 
 347. Death of Plato, aet. 82. 
 
 346. A treaty of peace between Philip and Athens. 
 
 344. The second Philippic. 
 
 341. The third Philippic. 
 
 340. The Athenians resolve to renew the war with Philip. 
 
180 CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE. 
 
 B. c. 
 
 339. A sacred war between the Amphictyonic assembly and the Locrains of 
 Amphissa : begun in the spring. Philip invited to become leader 
 of the Amphictyons, in the autumn. Philip occupies Elatea. 
 
 338. Battle of Chaeronea. 
 
 336. Death of Philip and accession of Alexander to the throne. 
 
 335. Revolt of Thebes, and its destruction by Alexander. 
 
 334. Alexander crosses the Hellespont. 
 
 330. Oration of Demosthenes on the Crown. 
 
 324. Demosthenes driven into exile. 
 
 323. Death of Alexander at Babylon. Recall of Demosthenes. 
 
 322. Death of Demosthenes, act. 60 years. Death of Aristotle, aet. 62. 
 
 314. Death of the orator Aeschines, aet. 75. 
 
 280. The Achaean league. 
 
 196. Freedom of Hellas proclaimed by the Roman general Flaminius. 
 
 146. Capture of Corinth. Hellas becomes a Roman Province. 
 
 [Note. — Many of the above dates are disputed, and are somewhat differently given by 
 different authorities ; yet they may in general be taken as near the truth.] 
 
 THE END 
 
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